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JUNE, 1916 FIFTEEN CENTS

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Are You Going To
Camp This Summer?

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ency. Get full value when you buy your
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h id )U know you have the best. You know your

iz you are, insist upon Smart-Woods eflici-

tent is serviceable, for you already know or
should know Smart-Woods products are the
best of their kind produced.

Here’s a Man from Dawson, iS Knows

Dawson, Y. T.,
SMART-WOODS LIMITED, April 1, 1916,
Ot

tawa, Can

DearS

Wi ni like to get your pric ‘Alaska’ Sleeping Robes, first
aeatty Have got an old Eider Dawn "Robe . would like to know if Yc rould
get it cleaned and fixe dup. and what would you charge for same. The
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Hoping to hear fron you soon.

JOHN VIEU,
Dawson, bia be

QMART- OODS

Fe 7 Bid Ba 2B) CANADA
OTTAWA TORONTO - MONTREAL - WINNIPEG

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"REFRESHMENT Tsquae wos)

VOLUME XVIII NUMBER 1 Cape >

Rod and Gun in Canada

/7)
Woodstock, Ontario, June 1916

Publishers are warned not to reprint contents, whollp or in part, without full credit attached.

JUNE CONTENTS

The Nipigon Waters and Canoe Routes To The East........ H, R. Wicksteed
Don Matheson
F. V. Williams
tte ss P. E. Bucke
aS RUMOUR ELS AIIO og 228 6 SS sya cacsivnas vnc soos eee ER 5 .L. Bent en
A Close In Canoe Trip Frank L. Nash
The Destruction of Fish and Game in The Laurentian Mountains...C. R. Partik
Alpine Club
The Eleventh Annual Camp....2..2.+.2...0.00......
Exterminate The Wolf
CERES DGS 7 0S ese 0 i
VES ED CET CCT) ISS Oe ....Robert Page Lincoln
SeRMGMREM REMI GL AN TINERNVATNCHON oy 52. nfs 9. des asses ss ae tees el ccecesvbecale eA, B. Geikie
A Symposium on Matters Regarding Conservation
meme cmenaments To The Ontario Gerie Taw cc..5 ccc cose ecco ccesrieck cote chee cose decd ccne cece
How The Dominion Parks Management Combats Forest Fire... .J. B. Harkin
(ORT RE SOs yc OS 1 ns Re
Kennel Department

The Trap
Medicine Bag
Our Letter Box

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Published by W. J. TAYLOR, LTD., WOODSTOCK, ONT.

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Entered Feb. 17, 1908 at the Post Office at Buffalo, N.Y., as second-class matter under Act of
March 8, 1908.

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‘SSTIVA S,NOWAWVD AO GNA AHL ONIVVAN ‘HYAAIW NODIdIN : =
Apmpwy usayjsONy udIppun’) fisajinory —

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WOODSTOCK, ONT., JUNE, 1916

THE NIPIGON WATERS AND CANOE
ROUTES TO THE EAST

H. R. Wicksteed

Vacationists who look to the un-
railed regions for the annual anti-
dote for deadening rogtine have a
new possibility this year in the Nipi-
gon River and connecting waters.
Readers of “Rod and Gun”’ are not
unfamiliar with the district, for many
a stirring tale of angling adventure
with gamey speckled trout has ap-
peared in its pages within the past
few years. But, since the Canadian
Northern Railway has opened its
through line to the West, the whole
section, comprising Nipigon River
and Lake, and the rivers to the south
and east, is made easily accessible.
The various famous pools are now
within easy distance of the railway,
and sportsmen from all parts of the
continent have commenced to specu-
late upon the new aspect. The open-
ing of the through line of the Can-
adian Northern Railway means even
more than that to sportsmen gen-
erally in Canada. A variety of canoe
routes is available from points on
Lake Nipigon—canoe routes that are
admirably adapted to satisfy the re-
quirements of almost any devotee
of that light craft. From a base on
Lake Nipigon or Orient Bay, or from
some other starting-point on the new
railway, any of the trips I outline
here may be easily accomplished by
anyone with even a modest experi-
ence of journeyings in the open.

The entrance of the railway through
the Nipigon country has had the

effect of altering the conditions which
formerly ruled all those travelling
the waters. Anyone fired with the
desire to “shoot”? the Nipigon River
had to make both the “up” and
“down” journey by canoe Now he
can take the Canadian Northern to
Orient Bay, drop down the stream
by canoe and make -the return trip
by train. Again the best camping
grounds and fishing pools on the
Nipigon are all above Camp Alex-
ander. Many may prefer, therefore,
to leave their canoes above this port-
age, and, after fishing Cameron’s
Pool, to return up the river to the
lake. In doing this, it is much easier
to leave the main river just above
the White Chute, and squeezing
through a narrow creek for a few
yards on the west side of the river,
cross Hannah Lake and the Flat
Rock portage direct to Lake Nipi-
gon. This is the recognized route
in ascending the river to the lake,
and avoids some strenuous paddling
and much loading and unloading of
the canoes on, the upper river.

The portages of the Nipigon are
all good, and dry, although some
are a little stoney. A few of the
smaller rapids may be run in a canoe
of good freeboard but only the old
hands should attempt anything of
the kind, for the river is very strong
and makes a specialty of high sharp
surges and strong eddies. If caught
inadvertently, it is more important

ROD

AND GUN

IN CANADA

Courtesy Canadian Northern Railway

VICTORIA RAPIDS, NIPIGON RIVER

to sit low than to steer straight,
for the rush of water generally car-
ries one through without danger ex-
cept of swamping or capsizing. The
Nipigon has the delightful character-
istic also of being always at practically
the same level ; there are no freshets
or droughts, consequently when one
knows the river, he knows it for all
seasons and weather conditions.

From the Flat Rock portage a
complete circuit of the lake may be
made, and big as the latter is, the
voyage is perfectly easy in mid-
summer, and the canoeist will sel-
dom be weatherbound for more than
an hour or two. The mouth of Mc-
Intyre Bay, where a heavy sea rolls
out before the prevailing south wind,
is one of the few points to be anxious
about, and the wind almost invari-
ably goes down towards evening.
The writer has crossed it during a
Jull in a southerly gale in November
in a sixteen-foot Peterboro, but the
experience was not altogether a pleas-
ant one.

There are numerous rivers and
canoe routes leading out to the south
and west. A _ short portage from

Chief's Bay leads into the Black
Sturgeon Lake and thence down the
river to Black Bay. From the foot
of the lake there is a long stretch of
four miles of broken water and a
four-mile portage to Nonwatin Lake;
below this the river is comparatively
easy. The Gull River leads to the
westward and a much used canoe
route leaves by the Wabinosh River
through an extraordinary labyrinth
of lakes and streams to the north-
west.

In the north-east corner of Nipi-
gon is Ombabika Bay, from which
leads another well-travelled route to
the Albany River. It is somewhat

intricate in parts and should not
be undertaken without a guide. On
the east shore the most important
affluent is the Sturgeon, crossed high-
er up by the Canadian Northern.
It is rather a hard river to ascend
and the Indian route leaves it a
few miles up and takes a parallel
chain of lakes to the southward, re-
turning to the river higher up. But
the run down is easy and delightful.
The canoeist may take it by leaving

'

THE NIPIGON WATERS AND CANOE ROUTES 3

the Canadian Northern at Wild Goose
Lake or at Jellicoe.

But perhaps the most enjoyable
and comprehensive trip of all is from
Orient Bay again, ascending the little
Pustagone River to Jean Lake. There
is a portage of some three miles from
near the mouth of the tunnel, but
from this on there is no difficulty,
and the route is easy to follow. Gull
Lake is some three miles long, Jean

Lake about eight miles, and very
pretty. From the east end of Jean

is a portage leading into the Stur-
geon, just above Triangle Lake. There
is an easy run down the river with
only one or two short “‘lifts” to
Sasayganaga—another eight miles—
and another river stretch to Ash
Lake, with a fairly long portage over
good ground. We cross only the
end of this lake, but an exploration
of it for a day or two would probably
be worth while. Another short por-
tage leads to the south end of a large
lake, as yet un-named, through which
is a route to Lake Superior at Pays
Plat. The lower part of this has
some long portages and is used only

by local Indians, but there are some
fine lakes on the height of land.
So far we have been travelling
east The river now turns abruptly
north and has become a respectable
stream. There are several rapids,
but no long portages, and as we
near the Canadian Northern Rail-
way, we run into sandy country,
very different from the rocks and
mountains we have left behind, and
a number of lake expansions and
pleasant campgrounds with good fish-
ing. Wild Goose, No Turkey, and
Partridge Lake are among the largest,
and are all about the same level and
of the same general character. The
number of poles, and bears’ skulls
attests its popularity with the In-
dians aS a summer resort Above
Partridge Lake is a rather long rapid
which can be successfully negotiated
with a line at low water, or run when
it is high. From Partridge Lake
down, the trip is very easy, and all
the portages are short, and the cur-
rent generally strong and helpful.
It is a most enjoyable run, which can
be made in one very long summer

Courtesy Canadian Northern Railway
TUMBLING SURGES OF THE NIPIGON

1 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

Courtesy Canadian Northern Railway
ENTERING WHITE CHUTE RAPIDS, NIPIGON RIVER

day, but which will be better divided
between two or three.

The whole trip as outlined can
be made with a light canoe in four
days, but including side trips and
stops for fishing, can be easily spread
over two weeks. The scenery is al-
ways pleasing, sometimes very fine
indeed, and there is something par-
ticularly attractive to me in follow-
ing a river continuously downwards
almost from its very source to its
mouth, and coming out after a round
of one hundred and fifty miles to
one’s starting point without cover-
ing the same ground twice at any
point. Trout may be caught in the
Pustagone and pickerel and the Great
Northern pike almost anywhere. One
of the most remarkable sights the
writer has ever seen was the annual
run of the Whitefish up the river in
September. At one of the falls, they
could be shot with a gun, or even
killed with a stick, and the party,
being completely out of food, did not
hesitate to use the latter expedient.
The entry to Lake Nipigon from the
forest bound river to the apparently

boundless lake is very impressive,
especially at sundown when the west-
ern horizon is broken only by the
Shakespeare Islands, several miles
away,

From Wild Goose Lake east, there
is a canoe route to little Long, and
thence into Long Lake, but the por-
tages are both long and very wet,
and the country generally low and
swampy. But from Long Lake to
Lake Superior, there is a good route,
used for many years by the Hudson’s

Bay Co., via the Mackay Lake. and
the Pic River. The Pic however,
in its lower course 1s a muddy stream,
and while the canoeing downstream
is very easy, there is practically no
fishing, The Pic runs out of the
east end of Mackay’s Lake ; from the
southwest there is another route
through Greenwater, Steel, Trout and
Mountain Lakes to Jackfish Bay.
Into Mountain Lake is an abomin-
able portage through a ravine paved
with jagged boulders, otherwise the
route is a good one, and the fishing
excellent.

Almost anywhere along these lak-

THE NIPIGON WATERS AND CANOE ROUTES 5

es and streams are good camping
- grounds, and nearly always there is
one at one end or other of the por-
tages. A good canoe landing with
a tree blazed behind it almost in-
variably means that some Indian
has selected it, and his instinct in
such matters is unerring. He rarely
lands on a sandy beach, and almost
never on a bouldery one. The sand
gets into the lining and ribs of his
canoe and tends to rot these, and to
make the canoe heavy; the bould-
ers obviously are prone to damage
the canoe in the slightest swell. A
portage, on the other hand, very
often leads out of a lake over a few
yards or more of muskeg. The In-
dian will never hesitate to wet his
feet rather than injure his canoe.
Such a landing is that from the east
end of Jean Lake. It is well to re-
member the Indian’s point of view,
not only for the sake of imitation,
which is well worth while even with
a wooden canoe, but because it aids
us in finding portages and camp
grounds and rejecting otherwise at-
tractive-looking propositions. To a
practised bushman, portages are al-
most always easy to find and even
main routes across a lake. There are
always burned points of islands where
the Indian has started his fire. A
patch of green grass—which is rarely
seen anywhere but around a portage
or camp ground—some cedars strip-
ped of their lower limbs, or a pole
driven in the mud at the mouth of
a creek—all these mean constant
travel, if not permanent residence and
will never be found in unfrequented
bays or creeks which end in a cul-
de-sac.

The best canoes to be had in these
days are those with canvas skins,
such as the Chestnut, made in Fred-
ericton, N.B. The ordinary models
are rather flat-bottomed and the free-
board low for rough water, but they
are very stiff, and it is only in them
where the reprehensible practice of
sitting on the thwarts can be prac-
tised with any approach to safety
when the canoe is light. A much
ab'er canoe, designed for the use of
the survey parties of the Canadian
Northern, can be had on application
to the Chestnut Canoe Co., and

which with even a partial load is
amply stiff enough, and which can
be taken dry through water con-
ditions which would swamp the shal-
lower models in a very few moments
—hbut to the novice the steering will
seem to be a much more difficult
matter.

As to outfit : there are posts of
both the Hudson’s Bay Company
and the Revillon freres at the C.N.R.
Long Lake station and at Nipigon
House of the Hudson Bay Company ;
at Jellicoe, a divisional point on the
new Canadian Northern line, sup-
plies may be secured. At Nipigon
station are some excellent stores, and
where the C.P.R_ crosses the Pic,
near its mouth, there is another.
But except at Nipigon, luxuries of
diet are not much dealt in, and the
traveller will do well to bring them
with him. During June and July,
a light tent with plenty of mosquito
bar 1s desirable, but for the next four
months, the writer has always pre-
ferred a lean-to made with four or
five inclined poles resting on the
bottom of the canoe, and over which

Courtesy Canadian Northern Railway

LITTLE WINNIPEG-ERS WITH A STRING
OF NIPIGON BEAUTIES

.

6 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

, —Tourest s Map —
hike Vejngon Reyton

Scale, 8 Miles tol lach. ——

% Wate Prt means fartage
- : 7 @ Supply Pert

a tarpaulin is stretched, as being
more comfortable and more quickly
erected and packed up; but some
knowledge is required of how ‘wind
currents act on the smoke of the
fire, and how best to nullify them.
Nights in August and September,
and even earlier in the season, are
often cold and even frosty in these
high latitudes, and a fire close up is
nearly always comfortable. This is
dangerous in the case. of a tent, and
a stove is an intolerable nuisance
both to transport and to set up.
The great art of travelling com-
fortably is to have the least amount
of baggage possible. Numbers. of
articles to which we have been ac-
customed in civilization can be read-
ily dispensed with, or working sub-

os

‘P Height Dy

stitutes manufactured with knife and
axe in a few seconds.

I do not intend to discourage ama-
teurs from undertaking a trip through
this country by themselves ; it is
almost impossible that with reason-
able caution, anything but a little
discomfort can happen to them, but
I would strongly recommend a study
of the rudiments of woodcraft before
starting, and more especially, how
to prepare a canoe for carrying over
a portage, and how to do up a pack
and adjust a tump line, or portage
strap. A canoe large enough for two
men and a month’s outfit should be
carried by one with much less effort
than by two, but only the old hand
knows how to adjust and balance it.
Similarly a fifty-pound pack perched

THE NIPIGON WATERS AND CANOE ROUTES 7

up on a man’s shoulders will cause
the most excruciating misery and
exhaustion, where one of double that
weight properly adjusted, can be car-
ried with ease. Similarly with camp
work : the old hand will knock down
a "standing dead tree and have a fire
blazing in a few seconds, while the
tyro will spend half an hour or more,
and suffocate himself with smoke,
trying to set alight some damp leaves
and fallen timber. It is the little
things such as this which make all
the difference between keen enjoy-
ment and utter discomfort and dis-
couragement.

A couple of days with a native
Indian, if he is closely watched, will
not only teach more of how to be
comfortable in the wilderness, but
greatly increase our respect at the
same time for the Indian. Stewart
Edward White’s book “The Forest”

will give some idea of his wonderful
resourcefulness and his quickness and
skill in river work. The Indian’s
proficiency is, of course, the result of
generations of study and experience
and has become an instinct, but the
White Man has still greater stores of
knowledge and experience to draw on,
and as far as taking care of himself
is concerned, there is no reason why
he should not become proficient in
a short time. The intuitive know-
ledge of what is beneath a certain
eddying of the water, and whether
the canoe will float over it or not,
and the subconscious twitch of the
steering paddle to meet it, the read-
ing of almost invisible signs, blazes
and axemarks, are things which come
only through long study, but they
come ; and the very study itself
enhances wonderfully the pleasure of
a canoe trip to an interested student.

BIRD PROTECTION IN CANADA

SPLENDID EDUCATIONAL WORK OF THE
CANADIAN SOCIETY FOR THE PRO-
TECTION OF BIRDS.

In past years, one of the greatest obstacles
encountered in the effort to secure proper
protection for the wild life of Canada has
been the lack of strong, organized endeavour,
independent of official connection. The work
of the Canadian Society for the Protection
of Birds, incorporated in 1915, promises, in
large measure, to remedy this difficulty.

The objects of this society, stated generally,

are as follows:—

(a) To instruct the public regarding the
importance of protecting bird life in the
interests of the country by holding meetings,
lectures and exhibitions.

(b) To publish and distribute literature
relating to birds, and co-operate with the
Federal and Provincial Governments and
regularly organized natural history societies

Be

throughout Canada in this respect ; also
to acquire and maintain a library.

(c) To secure legislation in behalf of
bird protection in addition to existing legisla-
tion and to assist in enforcing the same.

(d) To forward the study of migration
and all other matters relating to the nature
of birds.

From the foregoing it will be seen that
the work of this society is mainly educational.
It has already organized and undertaken a

- thorough-going campaign for the promotion

of nature study in Canadian schools. The
concentration of effort in this direction will,
it is hoped, inculcate in the minds of the
rising generation a deeper and fuller appre-
ciation of the values, both material and senti-
mental, which attach to bird life than has
characterized the Canadian people heretofore.

le ile w le

Don Matheson

HILE we were logging in British Colum-

bia many years ago, my pal Jock Robin-

son had a scrap with a grizzly bear, out
of which he came rather cut up. While we
were dressing his wounds, he said, philosohpi-
cally that if a grizzly war’ left alone it is as
harmless as-a rotten trunk; but look out if ye’
wound it, for it’s just plain hell.”

We had a party of four, with pack horses
loaded with impedimenta, to put the old lum-
ber camp in order for the winter’s operations
by the crowd of Jacks that were coming later
with the Biggest Boss of all. We had been
out of camp for over a year and things in a
deserted camp have a habit of going wrong
with the passage of months in this mountain
wilderness. We had, however, plenty of time
and were taking things easy with our heavy
train.

Most of us had spent the Fall on the harvest
work, on the prairie and, as there was nothing
new connected with that sort of work, we
weren’t having a whale of o !**':; time, con-
versationally.

The new Straw B- <3, whe ied our advance
party, was a tacit:::: Itench-Canadian, with
a wide reputation as a first-class lumber man;
but from the quality of English he spoke, he
might have passed for a native of Maine.
When I say he was taciturn, I mean, only,
that he had no remarks ta make while we were
hitting the trail, but, if handled properly we
discovered he could talk around the camp fire.

There was more than a hint of snow in the
soughing wind that swept down the Spray
Valley when we stopped at the first camp for
the night. The trail had been good all the
way, except for a few dead-falls which we had
dealt with as we came along, for we had cut
the wagon-breadth ourselves when we first
took the berth over. We made ourselves and

the horses comfortable and stowed our leather
goods out of the way of marauding porcupines, *
which abound in this part of the country.

“Well, I tink,” began the Boss, apropos of
nothing, after we had supper, “‘the goldarn’est
fellow, yes, I ever met was on the t’rashing:
outfit I was with this year. He was a Nor-.
wegian, just over from the ol’ country, and
spoke the darndest ’glomeration of English I
ever heard, yes.

“But, say fellows, he could work! He’d be.
up first in the morning and last into his bunk at
night, and was on the prod all th’ time. But
when he did get into his bunk, th’ rest of us.

. couldn’t sleep for his snores, and he used to.

wonder how it came about that his bunk was
full of boots when he woke up. When we
told him about his snores, he’d smile all over
his big face, an’ say: ““Yah, Ah ban hefty
bloke! Yes.”

*‘An’ he was some scrapper, right from his.
heels up! He couldn’t Jight worth a cent, but
he just loved to try, an’ he’d come up smiling
every time, an’ set to again swinging his arms
around. Eat!, well, say! He’d drink too,—
anything anyone else’d drink,—although by
the looks of him, he’d never had the habit.

‘But boys, we all loved the big fellow, ex-
cept one or two he’d trimmed and made beat
it to somewhere else. I liked the lad an’ he
seemed to like me. Ought I not to like him?
Yes, no? He damned near killed a Dago who
stuck me in the back wit’ a pitch-fork an’ then
ue nursed me through the fever that come
alter.

‘“‘He’d try anyt’ing. He wasn’t even scared
of monkeying with a tirty-tirty, though he.
knew noting at all about it. But he was some
guy to catch fish! Give him a line and a hook
and he’d rig tackle and find fish in an inch of

BJORNSON’S GRIZZLY 9

water to keep the camp supplied so you'd
tink every day was a Friday.

“Yes,’’ concluded the Boss, with a kind of
sigh, “I loved that lad an’ I guess I had a right
to.. Yes, no?”’

We reached the main camp the next eve-
ning, after travelling through some of the
finest country in the Rockies at a general
elevation of about 6000 feet. All day we
were under the shadows of mighty mountains.
The ten thousand feet of Goat Mountain, ris-
ing sheer from the Valley of the Spray, and
the sheer drop into the cataracting river below,
always makes me puny and dull and when I
have to ride the trail alone, I am always glad
to get down to the lower and broader levels
again.

We saw numbers of bear and goat, and
hundreds of porkys on the way; but we were
in a national preserve and the one or two rifles
in the packs were sealed by the wardens be-
fore we left town. We knew the district too
well to take any chances, for any boulder
might conceal a ranger who'd nothing in his
mind but seeing that the regulations were not
broken.

So, there was nothing to eat when we got
into camp, but what we had packed with us;
but we had a dandy cook who had every stew
artist I’d ever come across in the camps, feazed
to a fare-you-well.

In about a week the snow came and the
gangs which had collected began to snake out
the logs to the river bank against the time
when we'd besin driving down-stream in the
eariy summer.

Yo" know the life of a logging camp. It is
the ..1e, day after day—eating, working,
singing, talking, playing, sleeping, and, some-
times, scrapping—and J’m not going to bother
you with descriptions.

Bjornsen struck our camp about two weeks
after we began getting the logs down off the
mountain-side on which our limit was. He
came, casually, with the little Cockney who
had been his pal since they landed in the
country from the same ship, and they were
the funniest couple you ever saw.

_ Born and Cocky, as we called them, dropped
in from a hike over, from the railway track,
about thirty miles, covering country in which
experienced men of the trail would never have
ventured. I guess it was just a case of the

bull luck that usually sticks to the ignorant. .

They threw down their little bundles, or
“estates’’ as Cocky said, on the floor and shook
hands with Rousson, the straw boss.

_“ “Allo, Boss,” piped Cocky, perking his
little pinched face up at the big French-
Canadian, “‘bally glad to see you, ol’ fellah.
Suppose you'd thought you’d never see us
two blighters again, eh? But ‘ere we are,
large as life.”

“Yaas,’ rumbied Born, who had learned
much English from Cocky and others who
spoke not the proper, every-day jargon,
“ ‘ere we are, big as the two of us ginks both
are alive.”

“Glad to see you, of course,’ agreed the
Boss, heartily enough, but apparently some-
what perplexed, “‘but I t’ink it mighty queer
yon pee oe should hit tis camp. Yes,
no! eh?

“Queer, nuthin’ ’’, snorted Cocky. ‘‘Where

re two ginks that’s stone, roke soi if they
don’t go somewheres?”’

We smiled at the obvioust.ess of the remark.

‘““Tha’s right ol’ cock,” said Born, solemnly.
“‘We both broken as the stone, ech, we’re
dot you call—up an’ down.”

“The blighter means down an’ hout, an’
’e’s ko-rect,”’ said Cocky, finally, with emphasis
as he squeezed his way into a place at the din-
ing-table.

When he had eaten something to take the
immediate edge off his appetite, however, he
proceeded to enlighten all and sundry as to
the events which had led to their state of
practical destitution.

“W’en we quit the ol’ ’omestead, we ’ad
forty plunks heach a-comin’, an’ it should ’a’
bin forty bloomin’’ undred for the work we bin
an’ done. Then that gink there ’as a *unch
we ought to ’it the ’igh spots a wile an’—we
it ’em, an’ they ’it back at us.”

“But the gink w’ot “it me, I also ’it his back,
boomed Born, gleefully.

“Yeh, an’ got fined twenty bloomin’ bones,
what cleaned us hout,”’ finished Cocky, dis-
gustedly. ‘‘Fawncy, four bloomin’ pahnds
for *ittin’ a cop, an’ I done it hoffen for ’alf-a-
crown hover in th’ Ol? Country! Wouldn’t
that flatten yer! Any’ow we're ’ere.—” /

‘Because we're “er,” added Born solemnly.

We talked the business over after supper.
It was the worst time of the year for the kind
of labor represented by the two friends. The
Big Boss had all the hands he wanted and he
couldn’t very well put any more on the pay-
roll without leave from the firm down east.
We finally reckoned, however, that they could
have their grub in return for doing chores for
the cook and generally around the camp, and
from that time the two fellows became the
life and joy of the whole camp.

They quarelled incessantly, to our great
amusement, and Born, who could man-handle
Cocky, with the greatest ease—when he could
catch him—was always ready to be the goat
for any fellow who wanted a scrap, with the
gloves, after supper. ,His big blonde head,
seemed to be of bone, and his smile was never
wry, however much he was smashed about.

Things went along well enough for about a
month. We were in good grizzly country and
had many signs that they were plentiful
around the camp that season. Everyone had
been solemnly warned that the rifles had been
sealed to remain sealed while in the reserve;
that no shooting of any kind was permissable;
that any man who broke the law would be
broken away from his job and that, in any
case, the grizzlies were harmless—if left alone,
notwithstanding anything they might have
heard to the contrary.

One Saturday, when the camp boss—the
Biggest Boss—and Rousson, had gone into
town for mail and tobacco, we were taking a
few hours to thaw out, after a hard week get-
ting logs to the skid. Some of us, were talking,
some reading and smoking and some sieeping.
Anyhow, things were pretty quiet when we
heard the crack of a rifle four times in quick
succession, at some distance in the general
direction of Cone Mountain.

It may, or may not have been curious, but
every man Jack of us looked around for the

10 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

Norwegian and Cocky, and neither was to be
seen. Z

I jumped up. ‘Come on, some of you fell-
ows and let’s rope in these d— youngsters.
There’ll be h— poppin’ around here shortly
if these fellows get into trouble.”

The snow was not very deep and the going
was good enough, especially as, when we got
outside the trodden flat immediately around
the camp, we could plainly follow the tracks
made by the amateur huntsmen. They led
us in the direction we anticipated and towards
what we knew to be the rooting grounds of a
bear family. We met the two coming along,
gaily gesticulating and, when we met, we
found Born carrying an obsolete rifle that
might have been in the Ark in Noah’s time.
This had been in the living shack ever since I
had any connection with the camp and I knew
it was far more dangerous to the user than to
anything it was pointed at.

“You bin shootin’?”’ I asked, quietly, being
the fellow in charge when neither of the Bosses
were around.

“Sure, answered Born, joyously, “I ban
keeled greasly bear.”

“With that slug pump?”

“Yah! Ah ban one dandy shotter.”’

“But you heard what the Boss said about
shooting?”

_ “Yah; but not greasly not to be shotted at,”
he replied, in surprise that we did not share
his enthusiasm.

“Ttll be a darned good thing if you're try-
ing to fool us, Born, son,” I replied. “‘Come
along and we'll investigate.”

Born walked proudly ahead, until we had
progressed about half-a-mile, when he dropped
behind to tighten up his mocassins and, before
he rejoined us, we saw the grizzly lying, show-
ing black and still against the white snow,
while a couple of fairly large cubs nosed her
body bewilderedly.

Now, I know something of grizzles, and,
though they don’t play possum, I’m never
sure of them till the head’s off and the skin
with it.

We approached slowly, when I saw a con-
vu's've movement on the part of the prostrate

animal and I had barely time to shout a warn-
ing when she came at us, full tilt, showing
every cruel tooth in her jaws, and raging. We
were unarmed, and I cursed my folly as she
was bound to do some harm, in the mood she
wasin. When, however, she was close enough
for us to see the mad rage in her pig-like eyes,
she wheeled to the left and, describing a half-
circle, made directly for Born, who was com-
ing up behind.

He did not turn a hair. He crouched in an
impossible position for true shooting, pointed
the rifle at the advancing beast, and, when she
was scarcely six paces from him, he pulled the
trigger. It jammed.

With one blow of her right paw she swept
off half of Born’s jaw, bone and all, from the
ear to the cleft-of his chin and started in to
tear at his chest, desisting and finally moving
slowly away, when she heard the frantic noise
made by Cocky as he struggled in the strong
grasp of Robinson, who was restraining him
from flying to his poor chum’s assistance.

Poor Born! He was, of course, stone dead
and, later on, we found mother grizzly, also
dead, about a mile away. She had three
bullets in her body, not one of which was more
than an inch under her skin, and a fourth
louene in the skull above the ear, which killed

er.

““Waal,”’ said Robinson, with fitting solemn-
ity, “I always said it. <A b’ar’s a b’ar, but a
grizzly is just plain hell.”

And after we buried poor Born, two days
later, we went into town to give evidence and
saw the Big Boss fined for having the old rifle
in his possession, unsealed.

We had terrible work getting Rousson torn
apart from the jag, which he went on when he
heard the news, and when we got back to
camp there was a wooden cross over Born’s
grave, with an inscription in Cocky’s scrawl:

“My pale, Borney. A grisly bare kiled
him, and he kiled the grisly. Nov.-14.”

And we never saw Cocky again.

And the Game Warden has the skin for
chaps and the head’s been mounted.

ae 2 ls i 2

bes 3 ‘ BOR -
AGROLY IBARE KILED HAM,
AND REN iS THR GRISKX * =

F. V. Williams

showing above the tree tops, touch-

ing with a warm glow the tops of the
dark evergreen trees and giving them a
golden outline that was good to behold.
The woods world was beginning to bestir
itself, up on the higher ground a bird here
and there broke into song, heralds of the
coming day. The light grew still stronger
giving everything a rosy hue along the tops
of the hills, and as the heavy mists from
the valleys ascended above the lower tree-
tops the mystery and ghostliness of the
night gradually began to disappear, and
presently a light morning breeze sprang
up that chased the last remnent of mist
from along a heavily wooded stream. This
flowed deep and silently past a little promon-
tory that jutted out just here, making a big
eddy. Objects one hundred yards away
being plainly visible now, one could dis-
cern a goodly sized khaki tent looming up
against the background of dark fir trees.

A bit further back from this square wall
tent, stood a smaller round tent and a short
distance from both was a smouldering camp-
fire in front of a spacious leanto (if such a
shelter can be called spacious) made of
boughs a splendid shelter in itself. This
leanto faced the tents some fifty feet distant.
An ideal camping spot was this and a per-
manent camp, as everything had its place
even to the shining tin dish pan hanging
in a sheltered spot on a tree; while lean-
ing against the outside of the bough shelter
were paddles, with an assortment of rods
and other fishing paraphernalia stowed
away out of reach of a possible shower on
the inside. “‘Some camp!’ any one would
admit that, and an ideal place to rest and
take real ‘joy’ from the woodland, but alack
and alas there was discord even here in this
Paradise.

A movement over by the round tent takes
our attention and we glance in that direc-
tion in time to see a husky broad-shouldered
fellow crawl out from under the flap of the

S a first flush of dawn in the East was

11

round tent. (Under similar circumstances

-a chap of his stature could scarcely have

emerged if he had not ‘“‘crawled.’’?) The
broad-shouldered one, Pete Young by name,
gradually rose from all fours and gazed at
the East where the sun had already show-
ed its red rim above the timber line. His
weather-wise eye roved across the heavens
and finally came back to the big square
tent, whereat he broke into such an expan-
sive smile that it caused him to yawn. Stretch-
ing his brawny arms skyward he pawed
the air like some gigantic animal aroused
from a refreshing slumber.

Pete was somewhat of an animal at that,
but a bully good human animal as the many
parties he had guided for could vouch. ‘That
was why ke was guiding and cooking for
the quartet we find him with in this story.
Pete’s smile was sure a meaning one as he
gazed at the tent, but he gave his trousers
an extra hitch and returning to his tent
pulled out a pair of stout lace shoes, kicked
off his light moccasins and proceeded to
prepare his feet for the day’s work. Boots
laced, he tossed the moccasins inside the
tent and walking to the leanto took down a
pair of large galvanized water pails. Down
over the bank he went—and here were two
fine canoes turned upside down resting on
a couple of stout poles, raised perhaps a
foot or eighteen inches above the gravelly
beach, a beach by the way which had evi-
dently been formed by the action of the
eddy which we have mentioned before.

Bubbling out of the bank, scarce thirty
feet from the stream, was a fine spring,
from which Pete filled his buckets and hus-
tled back to the camp. Kicking the still
burning embers of the preceding night’s fire
together, he threw a handful of birchbark
on them, -criss-crossed a few sticks above
the bark and turned his attention to mixing
up a ‘batter’ for his flap-jacks. Coffee
claimed his attention next, then bacon and
eggs. Yes sir, they had fresh eggs at this
camp, away up here twenty miles from the

12 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

nearest railroad where the accommodation
train had left them some two weeks before.
Pete knew their little weaknesses for com-
fort and luxuries and acted accordingly
as he would have told you. Now, had he
been on a trip for his own pleasure he would
never have burdened himself with such fix-
ings as ‘henfruit,’ which all goes to show
why this man had a country-wide reputa-
tion as a guide and good fellow.

The breakfast was ready for the guests
and judging by the size of it and the pot
of coffee brewed for the crowd it should
have been a hungry one. Pete cast a critical
eye over each detail of his meal, then he
glanced at the sun already a half hour high,
looked at his watch, filled his short clay
pipe and proceeded to light it carefully with
an ember from the campfire. Picking up
a short stick he marched over to the dish-
pan and beat such a tattoo thereon that a
couple of inquisitive bluejays who had ven-
tured into camp to investigate an empty
cracker box were half startled out of their
wits and retreated to the top of a nearby
tree from which they added their calls to
the racket below.

Returning to his seat at the fire the cook

sat down to await the arrival of the fisher-.

men who should have been on hand long
before this. Then thoughts of last night’s
squabble returned to him and im spite of
the fact that some of the incidents were
positively funny he could not remember
one other instance in his wood’s career where
‘he had had to deal with such unsportsman-
like fishermen as two of this party had prov-
ed to be. The very first night they had
shown their colors for when the others had
been hustling to get the camp put to rights
before dark, these two worthies had taken
their rods and gone away down stream,
leaving the others to arrange their dunnage
and fix their bunks as best they could. Then
on their return without any fish they had
had a great time ‘kidding’ their host and
the suide about bringing them to a place
twenty miles from nowhere to fish in a fish-
less river. (Ever notice that this sort of
individual generally considers himself a great
‘kidder’ when making personal remarks)?
These and other witticisms of like calibre,
had made Pete furious, and many a time
in the last two weeks he had made excuses
to absent himself from camp for a half hour
while his temper cooled off. These were
his employer’s guests, and if his employer
saw fit to stand for their childishness why
should he care,—but Pete did care, for he
had always taken a pride in handling out-
ing parties. These two, however, had little
respect for any one’s feelings, least of all
the guide, as he had found to his chagrin
more than once.

The climax had been reached the pre-
ceding evening when ‘one of the pair had
made suggestions as to how Pete shotld
dress the fish of yesterday’s catch. He had
complained that the way they .were pre-
pared for the table was all wrong. The
self appointed critic, “thought that Pete was
not much of a cook,’ and told him so. “He
could do better himself,’ he asserted; but
right here he was interrupted by his host

who had been an embarassed listener to
the conversation, and who had told him in
plain English that when he had invited
him on the trip he had been under the im-
pression that he was a sportsman and a
entleman, shortly afterwards that if he

id not like his surroundings there was just
one thing for him to do ne that was to get
out. Johnny Jones had retired to his bunk
to spend a restless night, for squabbles in
camp were far and away out of his line.

“Hello Pete!,’’ a voice called from the -
direction of the tent. ‘‘How about break-
fast? Guess we’re late again, hey?”

_“O, not so much!’ returned the ccok
diplomatically, “I was a bit late myself in
turnin’ out.”

Muttering and grumbling from the
tent interrupted their conversation, and
a black look came into the other’s face as
he glanced back at the tent that he had
left but a few moments before. The cook
raised his brows interrogatively, and Jones—
for it was he—raised his right hand in a
never-again gesture and seating himself on
a convenient stump finished lacing his boots.
Washing up at the tin basin back of the
camp was but a few moments’ work and
John returned just as the others, (James
Brock, Sidney Cronk and William Smith)
came tumbling out. Brock grinned good-
naturedly at Jones and tried to make some
joking remark about ‘first come first served’
regarding the breakfast, but as he looked
at the others, Smith and Cronk, his good
nature vanished and making a wry face he
sat down to a silent meal with Jones and
the guide.

Pete was turning over in his mind some
way to keep the hostile elements of the
party from clashing during the day, when
Jones decided the matter by announcing he
had decided to stay in camp for the day.

‘Let Brock take my place,” and, he add-
ed, ‘I’ve got a bright idea Pete; I'll bet
you I get the biggest fish of the day!”

The cook smiled broadly. ‘I know, I
know, he’s some fish but I’ve given up a-
tryin’ to get him ; if you get that fellow you
sure will be ‘high line.’ ”

Now, the big fish referred to had been
known to frequent a pool on a small stream
some distance from camp, a place not to
be reached by canoe, and although there
was as a rule, pretty good fishing to be had
on the stream mentioned, the fisherman of
their party had long since given up the task
of trying to catch what Pete called a cer-
tain old ‘wolloper’ of a trout that made his
home there.

By staying in camp as he suggested,
Johnny Jones was avoiding all chance of
a recurrence of the sarcasm and disagree-
ableness of the past few days and as he
looked over toward the pair as they washed
up and ‘stalled’ about waiting for the others
to leave the breakfast that they might eat
by themselves, he really felt his old cheer-
ful self returning to think he had had judg-
ment enough to think of it.

Brock was the one that had been elected
the day before to stay in camp and he was.
delighted to go with Pete for, truth to tell,
he had no use for the tramping game, but

‘

FISHERMAN’S LUCK oak

he sure did like the canoe, and as Pete fig-
ured the other two would be better natured
when they learned of the change in the pro-
gramme. Things seemed to be _ shaping
themselves into a pleasant day after all,
and if their day’s report turned out to be
as good as the weather it would be fine in-
deed.

Jones knew the country pretty well for
he had made numerous short exploratory
excursions on previous outings and he al-
ready had his plans mapped out for the
day, before the others were ready to depart.

The two grouchy ones had not eaten with
the others, and were accordingly later in
getting away. They studiously avoided no-
ticing their would-be friend’s presence until
they were well out in the stream in the canoe.
Then as the lone man on the bank was put-
ting his rod together he was suddenly made
aware of their departure by Cronks yelling
derisively to him to change his necktie, as
the one he wore was too red to be lucky.
“No luck in red ties Johnny, p’raps that’s
what’s the matter with your camp this
year’—and at this the two worthies laugh-
ed uproariously. They knew full well that
Pete. and Brock were beyond earshot and
thought to have some fun with Jones.

Their references to his red tie came very
near catching him off his guard, and he was
about to retort in kind when the funny side
of their remarks broke upon him, and just
then a chipmunk—his cheek pouches full
of something stolen from the larder—stopped
abruptly in his flight and looked full at the
fisherman. Jones, laughingly asked ‘‘Strip-
es’ if he were looking at the red _ necktie,
whereupon brother chipmunk scampered
away frightened half out of his skin at the
sound of the human voice. The tie referred
to was a strip from a red handkerchief that
Jones had tied about his neck to keep the
pine needles etc. from dropping down his
neck while pushing his way through the
thick tangles along the stream. Not be-
ing able to get a ‘rise’ out of Jones the canoe
passed on and was soon out of sight around
the nearest point.

Going to the larder back of Pete’s tent
the fisherman made himself a couple of
fried egg sandwiches, wrapped them in a
piece of waxed paper to keep them from
drying up, looked over his assortment of
flies and getting into his coat and hanging
his fishbasket over his shoulder started out.

Half a dozen yards from camp he turned .

back and re-entering the big tent got his
pocket kodak, fastened the tent once more
and giving what remained of the campfire
a second going-over he was at last ready to
start.

“Some day,!’’ he soliloquized as he tramp-
ed along. The big drops of dew on the

_ foliage glistened and sparkled like so many

jewels ; diamonds were everywhere, and the
fragrant woods smells made one want to
fill the lungs to the bursting point. It was
a day for the Gods, and Jones was one of
the kind to appreciate every bit of it. He
had travelled this old trail before and knew
it to be a good three miles to the trout stream,
but there was hardly a bad spot in the en-
tire distance, there were two places where

13

the ground was marshy but there was no
water standing on these spots, and Jones
noted that spider webs, crossed the trail
completely in many places; some of them
even held insects that had evidently been
there for some time, as they were dried and
in many instances dismembered by the
builders of the webs.

An examination of the moist earth along
the trail, where this was at all visible, showed
no signs of human footprints. Once Jones
discovered deer tracks. At another place
a raccoon had stepped daintily upon the
moist earth only to turn and retrace his
steps as there was but the one footprint.
“Signs of good fishing,’ thought the fisher-
man, “not a soul over here for weeks by
the look of this trail, and I guess it’s the
only one leading to this particular stredm
for miles.” :

Much elated, he walked swiftly along,and
an hour out from camp found him in sight
of a small quiet pool, the first glimpse of his
fishing ground. Here, however, he spent
a half hour of his forenoon in watching a
porcupine, and trying to get a picture of
him as he walked out on the branches of a
birch that overhung the pool, nibbling at
something in the branches very much to his
liking to judge by the way he went at it.
It was well worth watching to see ‘porky’
slowly move out along the branch he had
chosen, some of which looked as though
they would surely break with his weight.
‘Porky,’ however, was evidently a very good
judge of the strength of these slender sticks,
for he would go out so far that the tips of
some of them touched the waters and still
they did not give way. The man on the
shore was so interested that he actually for-
got his sport for awhile watching the deliber-
ate moves of his ‘quillship’ at breakfast.

“Plop!’ Jones came back to the fishing
with a start as an ambitious fingerling broke
water out in the center of the pool in a mad
rush for a moth that went fluttering across
the water. The little speckled fellow miss-
ed and fell back and five minutes later the
fisherman dropped a gorgeous imitation of
a fly over the same spot. He was reward-
ed by a rush and strike from a regular ‘old-
timer’ that bolted downstream as soon as
he felt the hook and at a speed that made
Jones hustle to keep near him. Right in
the middle of a small riffle was a deep hole
and into this the trout went, only to be land-
ed a short time afterward. He proved to
be a beauty, thirteen inches in length and
in fine condition.

Some fishing! The indications that Jones

had noted along the trail,—the cobwebs and
blank spaces of moist earth with no signs
of passing travellers had proven correct,
the trout seemed not to have been disturb-
ed in a long time.
—After landing twelve fine fish—he had
thrown back some six or seven others as be-
ing undersized—Jones decided to eat his
lunch and have one more try for a Big One
to make a ‘bakers dozen’ for the day, as
that was all he cared to carry on the return
trip.

The cold sandwiches tasted good after
his long forenoon’s hike and after washing

14 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

them down with a good drink from the cool
stream he sat on the bank in the shade and
watched a number of flycatchers darting
about amongst the foliage after sundry in-
sects that thrived hereabout. It was an
ideal spot to study nature at her best. Across

about three feet that went straight down
to the water that right here swept under
the bank. He had laughed at Pete’s story
when the latter had insisted he had seen
the biggest trout he had ever put eyes on
in this hole, and upon being asked how big

Sigs Oe MP
OE
a

* |
ra)

a )
i hi, t

“HE SPENT A HALF HOUR®OF THE FORENOON WATCHING THE PORCUPINE”

from where he sat there was an old upturn-
ed tree that had been there for years un-
moved by the spring freshets and apparently
little affected by the flight of time, as it
looked exactly as it had some five years be-
fore when he had seen it for the first time.
Looking at it brought back a story Pete had
told him of a hole back from the stream

the hole was he had said it was perhaps eight
inches across. Everybody had laughed when
Pete told his story, and they had asked him
why he had not caught the big fellow, to
which he had offered the explanation that the
ffsh had taken hook, bait and all and got away
with it. No one had ever taken notice
enough of the yarn, however, to try the

FISHERMAN’S LUCK 15

place, and the chances are that there was
not one out of fifty would have found it
had not Pete chosen to show them. Wad-
ing the stream the fisherman got to the old
log and walking up to the end that was rest-
ing on the shore he climbed up to an old
root and took a birds-eye view of the ground
in the immediate vicinity. The grass was
a foot high right here and there was no hole
in the bank visible to the careless observer.
Upon taking a second look, however, he
observed a darker spot some three feet from
the bank and six or eight feet from the old
tree. Jones took off his flies and attached
a common hook, and after a few minutes’
search caught a large ‘hoppergrass.’ Fix-
ing him on the hook he stealthily approach-
ed the ‘hole’ and dropped his bait out of
sight in the grass. He knew when it struck
the water by the slack line, and waited with
every nerve set for something to happen.
Nothing did happen, however, and Jones
smiled to himself as he remarked, ‘Too
bad my critics weren’t here now to laugh
at my method of catching the ‘wily trout.’ ”

Still thinking of the fun his friends would
have had at his fishing in a foot of grass
for big trout, he walked up to the hole and
looked down. It was evidently about twen-
ty inches down to the water, and about
two inches above the water was his ‘bait’
carefully perched on a bit of dried grass.
Taking the line in his fingers he dropped
the ‘hopper’ directly and in the center of
the bit of dark water. The insect gave a
spasmodic kick and the next instant Jones
nearly had heart failure, for a trout the
likes of which he had never seen before had
risen from somewhere under the bank, swal-
lowed the bait and had turned to go when
the man realized that should he ever get
under that bank the line would part on the
rough edge and he would lose him sure.
With a a upward fling he half lifted
the big fellow out of the hole, when the line
broke and he dropped half way back. The
fisherman fell on his knees and by the merest
chance got hold of the trout and a big hand-
ful of grass at the same time, the grass help-
ed him to keep his grip and he threw the
fish away from the hole and quickly follow-
ed him up, finishing him with a smart blow
on the head from a stick that was lying
conveniently near. Then Jones sat down
and admired the largest brook trout he had
ever seen. The pocket tape said seventeen
and one half inches and although he was a
bit thin for his length his coloring was beautiful.

“Gee!” mused Jones, ‘old Pete is all right
in more ways than one. Here I’ve _ been
past this place two different seasons and
never took interest enough in his story to
give the place a try. Believe me, those
fellows’ eyes will bulge when they see this
whale!’’ and he proceeded to pack the big
fellow away on one side of his fish basket
in a special packing of moss to keep him as
fresh as possible against his return to camp.

Down the stream around the bend a short
distance was the prettiest and best pool on
the whole stream, and it seemed as if the
day would not be complete unless a visit was
paid this place as it had the wildest surround-
ings‘of the entire trip.

He would go down there, he decided, not
because he wanted to fish but just to look
around a bit before pet back for camp.
Half way through a small piece of woods
that lay above his objective point an old
windfall crossed the stream. Jones swung
one leg over and was about to drop down
on the other side when he happened to
glance down stream. If he had seen a ghost
he would have been surprised—but here
was something, or rather, somebody, that
surprised him more than any ghost.

A tall athletic girl was standing partly
turned away from him, holding in her right
hand a light trout rod while in expert fashion
she held in her left by the gill covers a large
freshly caught trout. The light glistened
on his speckled sides and a glistening silvery
drop of water fell from him as the fellow
on the log waited in silence, but the girl
did not turn around. Instead she gazed,
as if frightened or very much interested,
at something that was going on in the thick-
et to her left, and Jones dropping his rod
butt first leaned it against the tree, and
although the distance was great, succeeded
in getting what he considered would be a
very good picture. As he slipped the kodak
back into his pocket the girl turned away
and stood facing the thicket as she unhook-
ed her fish, glancing the while at the my-
sterious something that was invisible to the
fisherman.

He had a great big notion to turn back and
slip quietly ‘round the bend in the stream
from whence he had come. He could have
done so very easily. Then he thought of
his snapshot and glancing at the figure be-
low him he almost laughed aloud.

“Some fishing costume!’ The pose he
had snapped was almost too studied—or at
least it looked that way—to make a good
out-of-doors picture, and the lady herself
did not seem appropriate to her surround-
ings, a light muslin shirtwaist, hair done
up high, and neat tailored skirt for the north
woods. *‘Ha! ha! and he! he!’’ tittered Jones.
“Some style to be sure ; this beats my red
tie,” and he laughed some more.

The fair “lady of the wood”’ as Jones men-
tally called her, walked slowly past the thick-
et, watching it closely all the while, passed
on to a big flat boulder from behind which
she presently emerged with a_ regulation
fish basket and—ye Gods and little fishes!—
a regular summer girl’s hat, finally dis-
appearing around the far edge of the thicket.

Jones scratched his head, looked at his
watch, scratched his head again, and finally
slipped off his ‘roost,’ then scrambled to
the right bank of the stream and walking
softly over the bare rock of this side of the
Deep Hole he approached the tangle where
the mystery was evidently hidden. With-
in ten yards of the place’he heard a curious
mixture of grunts and squeaks from the
thick foliage before him, then more grunts
and a decided rustling of the foliage. Bear,
was his first thought, but on dropping on
his knees he could get a good view through
the slender stems’ of the bushes and there
sat old Mother ‘porky’ endeavoring to dis-
cipline a refractory youngster who seemed
determined io leave the shelter of his leafy

16 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA :

home for the more open borders of the
stream.

“Well,” exclaimed the investigator, ‘‘s’ pose
she thought it was bears, and durned if they
didn’t have me gue ssing for a minute. That
accounts for the lady’s sudden exit while

the fishin’ was so good. Now let’s see, if
there is a camp hereabouts: it’s new to me,
bul it certainly cannot be so very far away.

Although Jones felt rather guilty at follow-

ing the young lady, he started along the
shore in the direction the girl had taken
and travelling a short fifty yards ran into
another surprise. A newly made trail had
been swamped to the stream, and with a
snort of rage the sportsman gazed at a fresh-

ly painted sign, nailed to a tree and in plain
sight of the stream :

Nolice!

No fishing allowed on this
stream within one mile North
and South of this trail. Offend-
ers will be prosecuted to the

full extent of the law.
A. B. Dick.
Kor a good five minutes Jones looked
al the sign, getting angrier every minute.

At the end of that time he hastily put his
rod in the branches of a nearby tree, unslung
his fish basket and fastening the lid on se-
curely tied it to a hidden branch and went
hustling up the trail toward he knew not
what.

One thing he did know and that was that
they were fifty miles as the crow flies from
the nearest small town, and a dozen miles
from the nearest branch line of any railroad
and not a fence for miles, and it made him
hot with rage to think a man would come
to a wilderness like this and try and ‘HOG’
it over other sportsmen.

He would see about it, at least find out
who this fellow was that ‘posted’ land with-
out a fence around it to prevent others fish-
ing, away up here in God’s own country.
As he hastened along he tried to place this
fellow Dick, and he had a hazy recollection
of having heard an old guide mention the
fact that a man by the name of Dick had
a resort on a fine lake about two miles back
from the stream, not a pleasure resort you
understand but just a place where he invited
a few of his society friends for thé summer,
or a part of each season. Also he remem-
bered now of the story of how he had en-
deavored to obtain possession of the tim-
ber land on either side of the stream for miles,
and had only been frustrated in his little
game by a wide awake game warden and a
number of guides who had. stood together
and reported to the Game and Fish officials
the fact that it was not timber which he

had made a pretext for obtaining a lease on
an enormous tract of land—but the con-
trol of the finest game and fish section in
that part of the country, the heavy timber
such as would make good lumbering having
been cut years before.

A sudden turn in the trail,
water through the tree trunks and there
before him, in a well cleared space of per-
haps two acres, beside a fair-sized lake were

the gleam of

a number of neatly- built cottages, but to
his trained eye only one appeared to_ be
occupied. At least there was but one that
had smoke curling up from the chimney.
Taking a picture of this little scene was
the work of a minute or two and he went
forward toward the cottage that appeared
to be occupied. The approach was from
the rear and as he rounded the corner he
found himself face to face with five young
ladies who were evidently passing the after-
noon lolling about the verandah. For a
moment both sides simply ‘gazed, but the
tension was abruptly broken by an older
lady who suddenly opened the front door
with a cheery, ‘‘Well, how do you do Mr.
Jones, where did you come from?” Jones
stammered and looked extremely uncom-
fortable and to add to his confusion he saw
his vision of the trout stream coolly look-
ing him over with a curious smile as she
noted his mosquito bitten countenance and
the red tie. However, that glance at his
tie restored his composure at a bound as he
remembered how he had laughed at her
‘fancy’ fishing outfit. This recollection caus-
ed him to smile so broadly that the young
lady suddenly remembered something she
had to attend to indoors and getting up,
went inside with just a slight trace of annoy-
ance, or so it appeared.

Mrs. Burton, the lady who had accosted
Jones from the doorway, continued, “I saw
you take the picture from the back room
but did not recognize you until you were
nearly to the house. Tell us all about your-
self,” and after being introduced to the
young ladies he sat down on the werandah
steps and gave Mrs. Burton—a friend who
lived close by in the city—an account of
his day’s adventures and a description of
their camp, etc., omitting the discovery of
the fisher maid in the afternoon tea cos-
tume. Mrs.. Burton mentioned the faet,
however, that Miss Cheney had returned
from the Big Pool but a short time before
his arrival, with three fine fish, “Do you
know,”’ she remarked, ‘‘that girl is quite a
expert with the rod as her brother tau
her how to cast as well as a lot of the ye
points of the fishing game, and she keeps
us pretty well supplied, but to-day she said
on her return that some animal in the thick-
ets down there had frightened her away.
I’m just wondering if she did hear some-
thing or perhaps the mosquitoes were too
plentiful to-day. You know this is our
first experience at camping and the girls
just brought along anything they happened
to have in the way of clothing as we had
very little time to get ready in. Next time
however, we’ve agreed to come fixed right,
as light waists and low shoes are simply
out of place in this rough country as some
of the girls have found to their sorrow.”

“Oh look!’ continued his hostess, “‘it’s go-
ing to rain!’ Sure enough away over in
the west a big black bank of clouds was
rapidly rising from the horizon, accom-
panied by the unmistakable rumble of thun-
der, and as they looked a sharp flash of
lightning tore through the dark background.

“Oh, Mrs. Burton, we haven’t a stick of
stove wood!” wailed one of the girls. Mrs.

FISHERMAN’S LUCK 17

Burton looked dismayed. ““You know, Mr.
Jones, we had the services of a guide up till
a lew days ago when he suddenly decided
to leave and we are entirely out of fuel with
the exception of what the girls bring in from
the woods.”

“Got an axe?’’ queried Jones.

“Oh yes, and there are lots of big blocks
out back of the house but we are not expert
enough to split them.”

“Just show me those blocks, Mrs. Burton,
and perhaps I might be able to help you out
a bit. The fisherman preceded by the lady,
returned to the rear of the cottage and in a
bit of a shed he found two very business-
like axes, a cross-cut saw and other accessor-
ies toward keeping the camp supplied with
fuel. Divesting himself of his coat, in twen-
ty minutes he had a pile of wood thai would
last overnight at any rate. The whole sky
was overcast now and a few big drops, ad-
vance scouts of the deluge that was to fol-
‘low, pattered down on the chips at Jones’
feet. It was pretty late in the afternoon
by this time and the whole party insisted
that he stay over night with them. There
was a spare room, they urged, and his com-
panions would certcinly not be alarmed
over his absence considering the rain. Upon
inquiry the visitor learned that there was an
old slicker in the shed and after procuring
this he returned to the stream and got back
with his rod and catch of trout just in time
to escape the heavy thunder storm that roar-
ed and flashed all about them for an hour’s
time.

It was now five-thirty and Jones dressed
this catch, which along with Miss Cheney’s,
made quite a sized feast for even the large
party present. At dinner Mrs. Burton re-
lated to Jones how, while they were wait-
ing for a train on their way to a resort farther
north, A. B. Dick had arrived at this same
small station and upon learning their destina-
tion had suggested that they use one of his
cottages. They couid have it absolutely
free, he had informed them, and it would
cost them nothing. They could reach the
place by automobile. ‘But, do you believe
it,” said Mrs. Burton, “‘we have spent more
on auto hire and the transporting of pro-
visions in two weeks here than we would
have spent in an entire month at the place
we originally intended going.’’ While he
listened Jones could not but help marvel at
the ‘smallness’ of some ‘big men.’ For he
knew, that Dick knew very well, when he
offered his cottage rent free that it would
cost the ones occupying it a pretty penny
to get provision in there. The reason was
not far to seek ; the resort this party had
been headed for was a very quiet little place,
run solely for the accommodation of real
sportsmen, and the owner had at one time
been a guide who had testified at the time
Dick had been balked in his endeavor to
get control of that section.

Bedtime arrived, and Jones was given
a lantern and sent to one of the other cot-
tages as it was discovered that the rain had
discovered a bad leak in the room he was to
have occupied and had fairly soaked it.
However he started a fire in the small air-
tight heater and soon had the otherwise

damp room in
condition.

Early next morning the lady campers were
roused from their beauty sleep by the sound
of an axe which it proved afterwards had,
in the fisherman’s experienced hands, ac-
complished wonders.

Breakfast disposed of, Jones prepared to
depart, Mrs. Burton thanking him again
and again for his assistance. Jones prom-
ised to send Pete or some of his friends up
that way to heip them out at the first op-
portunity, and as he started out, after bid-
ding everybody good-bye Miss Cheney put in
an appearance with rod and fish basket,
this time wearing an old felt hat and a flannel
waist.

“This is all I have this trip Mr. Critic,”
she announced, “but if you are around next
season we'll show you we have learned some-
thing of the woods.”

“May I accompany you as far as the
stream? We want some more of those trout,
and as I am the only one who has fishing
tackle in the party, it’s up to me to keep
these hungry ones supplied.’’ As she made
a sweeping gesture towards the group lined
up on the verandah, one of the girls remark-
ed that next season she would see to it that
Miss Cheney did not have a monopoly of
the fishing.

Another beautiful morning dawned. The
storm of the day before had cleared the
atmosphere of all signs of sultriness, and
it seemed as though every few yards some
feathered songster was trying his best to
outdo his neighbor in filling the air with
music. Scarcely a word was spoken until
the stream was reached, and then it was the
girl who broke the silence by showing her
companion where she had lost a ‘whopper’
yesterday. ‘“‘After he broke away,’ she
continued, “I saw an awful splashing up
above those rocks there just this side of
that shady place and I[- believe he went
right up stream but I have never attempted
going up that way as it looks to be too much
of a tangle. Perhaps you may get him this
morning. You shoul have -seen him—
you had some big ones in your catch but
he was much larger than any of those.”
It was a treat to this fisherman to see the
girl so enthusiastic over the sport and he
could not but help compare her to the two
dissatisfied companions he had left in camp
yesterday. While she was making ready
her tackle Jones stepped to a large boulder
from which he slipped something under
his coat and after telling her of the snapshot
he had taken of her the day before without
permission and promising to give or send
her one of the prints, he wished her good
luck and was soon lost sight of up stream.
Yes, he did look back once, but the girl
was fishing and had apparently forgotten
that he existed.

On his way back he got nine good fish and
arrived at his camp about two hours after
the two disgruntled ones had left for the
city, declaring that Jones had stayed away
all night just to show his dislike of them.

After relating his experience to Brock
and Pete—even including the wood pile
episode—Pete had declared it would be a

very comfortable sleeping

18 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

real Christian act to go up there and spend
the afternoon finishing that woodpile and
with Jones’ consent he was away after prom-
ising not to say a word about the big trout
—the something that Jones had hidden under
his coat at the pool while Miss Cheney fitted
up her tackle.

The remaining two weeks passed pleas-
antly enough, and were gone all too soon.
Fair weather or foul the three sportsmen

always found something to interest and
amuse them, and when it was all over and
they had arrived back in the busy city they
had something to dream of for another ten
months of the things that old Nature has
for us if we will but go and look for them.

What’s that? Did he deliver the pictures?'

To be sure he did, and personally too, but
he did not tell the young lady about smug-
gling that big fish back to camp.

TROUT FISHING ON THE STAVE
RIVER, B.C.

Pe.

HE sun rose bright on the morning of
I the 8th of October (1915) when I took
the C. P. R. train from the Vancouver
station with my friend G. Clayton Leonard,
a retired merchant who had made a fortune
outside of his regular business in extensive
speculations in land and mining properties in
the province of British Columbia. Our
destination was the Stave River which crosses
the railway track thirty-stx miles up the line
from Vancouver passing the Coquitlam the
Pit and several other minor streams. The
railroad strikes the Fraser shortly after leav-
ing the Pit meadows which are so celebrated
for the sport they afford in the shooting
season for English pheasants, ducks and snipe.
After striking the great Fraser we kept along
its bank until we reached Ruskin station
situated on the mouth of the Stave as it
pours its waters into the larger stream. Here
we disembarked and securing the assistance
of a native to carry our impedimenta we
started along the motor road that leads up the
Stave river to Mission junction. I must here
say in parenthesis that if Ontario had the
excellent roads that are to be found in British
Columbia, so beautifully graded and rolled.
they would add much to the comfort and
prosperity of the agricultural classes.

Bucke

As the local train to the electrical power
company some eight miles up the river had
passed we had to walk a couple of miles
through: the woods to Mr. Leonard’s lodge.
¥ must say although I had been to a good
many places in this lovely province of streams
and mountains the view from his front veran-
dah was wild and beautiful in the extreme.
His lodge is twenty-five by thirty feet with a
projection. It is built of fir and lined inside
with cedar; the outside walls painted white
with buff trimmings, the roof red which makes
a fine contrast to the noble evergreens that
stand around it. The living room had a huge
fire place in it that would take a four foot
backlog with room to spare. The chtmney
and hearth were built of pressed brick, the
mantle piece was as high as one’s head and on °
either side of the opening a crane was hung,
more for ornament I suppose than for use.
It was a picture to see the flames leap to the
chimney and a pleasing sound to hear the
fire crackle on the hearth.

As it was too late when we reached the
lodge to take out the boat, I sailed down to the
water with my fly rod and after making a few
casts succeeded in hooking a large fish. Owing
however, to the obstruction of a log lying in
the water I was unable to land him. I shouted

TROUT FISHING ON THE STAVE RIVER, B. C. 19

MR. LEONARD’S LODGE

to Leonard to bring the gaff the landing net
or any other implement at hand but all was
in vain. The evening had set in dark so we
held a consultation and decided on the casting
vote of one—which made two of a majority—
to tie the beggar up till morning light appear-
ed and leave him to his calm reflections.
However when day broke I went to inspect
my prize but found he had departed taking
with him my lower fly. After a generous
breakfast of buckwheat pan cakes, coffee, etc.
we launched the boat and proceeded up stream
towards the canyon. The fishing pool is about
one thousand yards long by eight hundred in
its widest part and the w ater enters it through
a deep and dark ravine, and leaves the pool
over two cataract channels as there is an is-
land of twenty-five acres lying in the middle
of the stream. In parts of the pool, the water
is only four feet deep, whilst in others it is
forty or fifty feet. The water is of that clear
bright sparkling variety so bright, soft, «and
pure. | do not think anything like it could
be procured outside British Columbia. If
such a fluid could be obtained in Ottawa,
Toronto or Montreal, it would command about
one dollar a gallon, and would supercede all
spirituous intoxicating drinks. The pool is
fenced around and guarded by mountains
many hundreds of feet high clothed with cedar
and the dark green foliage of the fir, inter-
spersed with the native broad leaved maple
which in this, the Autumn season is shaded
from gold to scarlet, making a lively contrast
and very pleasing to the eye.

I must not linger too long over the beauties
of this charming sport, no pen of mine nor
even the skilful brush of our celebrated artist
the late esteemed Canadian painter, Craighof,
could adequately describe the charms of this
lovely spot.

Having provided ourselves with an adequate
supply of flies, spoons, worms and minnows

of all kinds and descriptions, we made a dash
up stream trailing a Tacoma spoon which
glistened in the bright water and brilliant
sunlight. We had not proceeded far when I
was rewarded with a strike. Buzz went the
reel. Leonard slackened on the oars in a few
minutes and with the aid of the landing net
we secured a beauty of a sea trout of about
one and a half pounds.

Of all the fish in the Canadian waters there
is none more beautiful than this variety, its
graceful slope and silvery appearance marks
it out as the dainty habitat of the salt and
fresh waters of the Atlantic and Pacific coasts.
Many people prefer black bass fishing and he
certainly is a noble fighter but the Pacific Sea
trout in my opinion takes the palm for grace
and beauty. +

On the way up stream we took turns about
at rowing and rodding. Having caught an
ample supply for domestic purposes we tied
the boat at the foot of the Canyon and idled
away an hour or two. It was a lovely bright
day, almost hot in the sun though quite cool
between the high cliffs in the shade of the
woods. As the shadows began to advance we
rigged up our fly tackle, and the sport of the
day began. Leonard had a beautiful w hip-
ped split bamboo that must have cost a small
fortune and a ten dollar reel. I could not
help but admire how gracefully he laid out
his flies on the water, it was a perfect picture.
I had my old Kaliki that had stood me in good
stead for so'many days and on so manystreams.
It did not cut as fine an appearance as the
high grade article, but it did well enough for
me. 1 found when the ev ening came round
there was not much difference in the catch.
Amongst the fish taken were a few Dolly
Vardons but the most of the bag were the sea
beauties. The fish ran from three quarters of
a pound to two pounds in weight. The tide
waters of Prince Edward Island and the lower

20 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

provinces may produce more fish of this
variety but they cannot compare in size to the
British Columbia product.

There is another thing in connection with
this class of fishing and that is the extensive
waters for their production. The ocean and
the many big streams like the Fraser and its
tributaries are guarantees that rod and line
will never reduce the sport of catching them as
the supply seems to be practicably illimitable
and they are of such a wary nature that it is
difficult if not impossible to net them.

After two days of beautiful weather on tht
third it began to rain, the fish to a certain
extent stopped biting, so I retired to the house.
Not so my friend. He had a new double bar-
relled hammerless which had been presented
to him by some very dear friend. His name
was engraved on a good plate cut into the
stock. The barrels and backs were beautifully
chased with hunting scenes, birds and dogs
etc. The gun, case and general appliances
had cost six hundred dollars and it was a real
beauty. Observing some ducks fly up the
Canyon the day before he was reminded that
he had placed a sack of grain in some ponds on
the other side of the Stave River a few
hundred yards down. These ponds extended
over a meadowy marsh of upwards of one
thousand acres in extent. Finding the rain
did not hold up Leonard decided on an early
lunch. He then equipped himself in his oil-

MR. LEONARD AND HIS FISH

skin suit and high rubber boots, taking with
him a light camp stool securely strapped to his
back, and in this rig, started for the duck
ground. He had not been gone more than
three quarters of an hour when I heard his
gun begin to talk through the rain which in-
dicated that his business had begun in earnest.
As he walked along the trails and through the
tall grass the birds rose on all hands. Bang!
bang! went the gun and his special veteran,
Jack, had quite a busy time. Leonard re-

turned to camp just as it was getting dark
with a load of ducks comprised of seven mal-
lards one pintail and three teal. He left
the camp stool in the bushes so that it would
be handy for another day’s hunt. I was sorry
I did not accompany him to see the fine wor
he made with his beautiful gun, but I was ill
provided for such a damp afternoon.

The following day Leonard took it into his
head that he would take a run into the States.
As time was no real object with me I decided
to go along. It is a true saying one can never
tell what a day will bring forth. We boarded
the train and crossed the border at Mission
Junction; of course Jack the dog went with
us. I do not remember what particular breed
he was, but he was a big animal, as large as a
good sized collie with no end of a pedigree.
Leonard put him in the baggage car, having
passed the customs—there is no duty on
thorough-bred stock going into the States—
paid his fare and tied him up. Shortly after
we had taken our seats in came the conductor
a tall skinny looking chap. He asked in a
dominearing sort of voice ‘“‘who owns that
blooming cur in the front car?”

Leonard replied in a mild voice, ““That is my
dog and he is no cur’. Then ensued the fol-
lowing dialogue:

Conductor—‘‘He has no business here with-
out a muzzle.”

Leonard—‘‘I have no muzzle and there is no
store on this train at which to get one.”

Conductor—‘‘All right then [ll put him off.”

The conductor had been talking in such a
loud hectoring sort of tone that by this time
all the passengers on the car became interested.
I fully expected from the remarks made that if
the man tried to carry out his threat there
would be trouble, even the patient and long
suffering Leonard began to eye his gun case
in a most suspicious manner. At this mo-
ment the baggage man rushed in and pro-
duced a muzzle big enough for a week old pup.
which he offered to Leonard for seventy-five
cents. My friend remarked that it would not
fit his dog, but the conductor said the law
only claimed “‘the dog must wear a muzzle”
so the matter was settled by tying the article
with a string round the dog’s neck. But the
joke came in when we were leaving the train
a few stations further down the line. When
the baggage man was untying the dog he
offered ten cents for the muzzle. My friend
began to be suspicious. The whole racket
we learned was a put up job between the
breaksman and the conductor and _ before
leaving the owner of the dog told him in
withering tones what he thought of the per-
formance.

On another occasion I was up the coast of
Vancouver Island with my friend Gerald, as
far as Union Bay in his boat the Flying Scud.
The salmon were running pretty thick and
jumping lively, so we decided to cast anchor
near the shore and go after them with a troll in
our skiff. After catching two or three small
fellows of eight or nine pounds Gerald who was
holding the troll whilst I was rowing, called
out:

“T’ve got a bite and a big fellow. I should
have said he was fishing with a short stout
rod with a big reel holding 150 yards of line.
The fish made such a dash that the reel spun

UP THE CANYON

round with a “buzz,” I headed the boat
round and Gerald checked the fish as much
as he could without snapping the line, a fairly
heavy one. To our astonishment when one
hundred and twenty-five yards had left the
reel the fish came to a dead stand for a few
seconds and then came towards us, at a fairly
slow pace. Gerald took in line as fast as
possible, but when we were twenty-five yards
from the fish he came to a dead halt. In
spite of putting a strain on the line the bloom-
ing thing would not move. There was only

one thing to do. I began to think we were
fast on a sunken log. We rowed up to the
spot and to our surprise found a seal weighing,
I should say, at least 150 lbs., had our salmon 1>
his mouth. By gradually pulling on the line
we raised him near enough to the surface to
give him a Jab with the oar, when he let go his
hold and we landed the fish which proved to
be a Tyee (chief) salmon weighing 42 lbs.
There was only a slight mark on him just
back of the gill fins. The fish was quite dead
as we raised him into the boat.

A NARROW ESCAPE

L. Bentzen

HERE is hardly any adult person living,
who has not some time during his life
been up against the real danger of losing

his life through accident of some kind, whether
by railroad, street car, runaway horse, or in
some other of the accidents which are lable
to happen to anyone living in cities.

Now, I have seen and personally had some
experience in afew accidents but when I look
back upon the past, I doubt if I ever were so
close to kingdom come, as in an experience I
had last fall on the West Coast of Vancouver
Island, British Columbia, which will prove
that dangers may be encountered without
being a participant in the bloody battlefields
of Europe.

I have a ranch located on a smaller Island
adjoining Vancouver Island, and as a rule the
life of a rancher is quiet and peaceful enough
without much excitement outside some fishing
and hunting, a sport which most of the settlers
cultivate not only for the sake of the sport, but
in order to replenish the larder which is a very

important factor to consider in these hard
times.

A rancher, who lives a few miles north of my
place called on me last November and in-
formed me that ducks were very plentiful in a
little bay half way between his place and my
own property, so I decided on accepting his
invitation to go duck hunting.

After a couple of days’ fairly successful
hunting, I decided to return home and left
my friend’s place at low tide, as we have to
follow the seashore, there being no roads as yet
around. Let me by the way state that we
have to regulate our travelling according to
tidewater in the country, as there are no roads
and the most of the settlers have their homes
facing the open Pacific Ocean.

Walking at low tide is generally good, but
when high-water sets in, it is different, parti-
cularly in the late fall of the year after new and
full moon, when the water rises several feet
higher than under ordinary conditions, the big
foaming breakers carrying along with them all

22 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

kinds of rubbish and big timber, which have
been accumulated from year to year on the
beaches and which again are driven out to sea
by high tide to be washed ashore to some other
distant or close place, as the case may be.

The seashore Between my friend’s claim and
my own is quite passable at low water, but
at spring tide there are four precipitous cliffs
which must be climbed over in order to get by,
which is quite a stunt under ordinary circum-
stances but in rainy weather it is even more
dangerous and slippery.

When leaving my friend’s ranch after break-

fast, that morning, I decided to stop over at
“Duckbay”’, and if possible get a few more
mallards before going home, and as it hap-
pened the hunting was so good, that I in the
excitement of the sport had forgotten to"keep
my eyes on the tide-water and found to my
genes that the tide was coming in pretty
ast.
As I had all the ducks I could carry in one
hand and my shot gun in the other, besides
my knapsack filled up, I concluded I should
have to make a race to get by those steep
promontories before high-water had reached
several feet up against the rock-wall. The rain
was pouring down without interruption, as it
usually does here this time of the year, so I
was already wet to the skin, but looked
forward to my return home to have a fire going
and get into some dry clothes and have a
special treat of roast duck prepared for sup-
per, as I expected to reach my cabin before
dark.

When reaching the first cliff, I found the
water was already washing up against its side
but managed somehow to pass by this and the
two others.

The fourth one, however I soon discovered
was going to be more difficult, but decided
I was going to make an attempt to slip by
rather than try to climb the slippery cliff.
The reader will understand, as I was already
wet through, I reasoned it would not make
much difference even if I should have to swim
across, a matter, however, which I soon dis-
covered would be out of the question, as the
water now was washing up over six feet carry-
ing along logs and splinters in its way, so I
after having got into water to my shoulder
found it necessary to make a hurried retreat,
before the incoming breaker could reach me.
The only alternative now left, if I should get
home before dark, would be to climb the
treacherous and smooth polished rock-wall.
The reader may ask the question, why I did
not make a cross-cut through the wood, but
that is easily explained, As is common on
Vancouver Island and this island particularly
it is invariably covered with a dense growth of
salalbrush, which in some instances reaches
from 15 to 20 feet above the ground, and as it
is practically impenetrable the reader will
understand why I did not attempt gelting
through it in the potring rain with a pack on
my back.

Consequently I started to climb the slip-
pery cliff-and I can assure you it was an ex-
tremely ticklish affair. Below were the
breakers, which were throwing timber, splint-
ers and all kinds of rubbish against its wall,
making a terrific noise and handling them as
if they were nothing more than matches.

If it had not been for the seriousness of my
position I should probably have stopped and
admired the grandeur of the majestic scene,
and apoem which comes to my mind runs:—

“Where the Almighty God glasses itself in
tempest

Endless, boundless and sublime,

The image of eternity

The throne of the invincible.”

Now after a very careful and slow ascent,
I managed to get up about ten feet and had
another six feet to climb, before I would be on
the top, and I soon discovered that climbing
was getting extremely hazardous, particularly
as both my hands were hanging on to the
ducks and my shotgun, and before I knew I
had missed my footing and must have knocked
myself unconscious on some protruding rock
which I struck before reaching water. How-
ever when finally coming through, I found
that I was carried along with a tremendous
breaker together with timber and rubbish
which were thrown against the rock going back
and forth continuously making an awful roar.
I soon realized I would have a job on my hand
to get out of it alive, as my left arm was hang-
ing helpless and I experienced furthermore
considerable difficulty in manipulating my
left leg. My head was bleeding from several
bruises, as I was losing blood rapidly. I there-
fore made up my mind, that I had no time
to spare, and that it would be necessary to
take a desperate chance in order to get out of
it alive, or else be smashed to pulp by the
heavy timber floating all around me. The
reader will readily realize that my resistence
with one arm and leg out of commission was
rather small. As luck would have it however,
I finally managed to grab hold of a log, which
was floating somewhat apart from the others
and hung on to it with my right arm, hoping
that I would be able to reach “terra firma”
again, when the next breaker was coming along
and then try to steer the log with my right leg
through a hollow opening in the rock, a place,
where I first tried to climb the precipice, as I
would be out of danger here, provided I could
get a foothold.

After a couple of vain attempts I finally
succeeded in doing so and sent a prayer to God
when I felt the solid cliff under my right foot.
To make any more attempts of climbing was
now out of the question, so I had to stand as
though glued to the same place in pouring
rain for several hours, bruised and wet through —
the skin feeling the blood dripping out from
various cuts in my head and my left arm
swollen up to twice its natural size, practical-
ly useless. In this condition I had to stand

waiting for the tide to go out while
shivering from cold and exposure and
weak from loss of blood. It seemed an

eternity to me, before I was able to get down
on the tide flat again. It was already getting
dark, and to add to the rest of my trouble my
left knee was getting exceedingly painful.

After a long and weary struggle in which
I suffered untold agony I finally managed to
reach my cabin in a practically exhausted
condition after having walked two and a half
miles in darkness and I can assure the reader
the sight of my humble cabin looked good to
me in spite of pain.

A NARROW ESGAPE 23

Being a bachelor, like the most of the set-
tlers here, there was no one else to call upon
for assistance, so I had to be my own doctor,
cook and fire builder, jobs which were rather
difficult to perform under such circumstances.

When looking at myself in the looking glass
I could not help but think of the poor
devils on the battlefields in Europe. I guess

I looked as near like one of those wounded
soldiers as anyone could with my face and
head all covered with blood.

Thanks to Providence, however, I am get-
ting over it rapidly and at the time of writing
feel none the worse for an experience which
might very easily have turned out to be my
last in life.

A CLOSE-IN

Frank

HILE camping on the Severn River
W enjoying a beautiful August day, five

of the younger generation, inspired
with the love of the wild, decided to take a
canoe trip to Honey Harbor.

We planned to leave on Wednesday morn-
ing at 8 o’clock. All were up early and
ready for the trip ; the canoes were loaded
and the start was made at the appointed
time.

The party consisted of Dug, Gord, Lou,
Herb and the writer; and a jolly crowd
we were. ‘The first three were in one canoe
with a blanket apiece to ease the hardness
of the bottom, and one box of supplies.
Herb and I had the remaining supplies,
blankets and tent. Our armament con-
sisted of one thirty-two and two twenty-two’s
and plenty of ammunition.

We started down the river at a good pace
for we wanted to make the round trip in
four days. At Lost Channel we turned
to our right and pushed up the Channel
at the same pace. Here we passed the
Inland Construction Company’s steam tug.
All on board wished us good luck and a safe
return.

This Company was reconstructing the old
Lost Channel dam and very little water was
flowing past it. This was our first portage

CANOE TRIP

L. Nash

and as it was only about fifty yards in length
we made it in quick time.

With canoes loaded again we got™ away
and soon rounded a bend. To our sorrow,
we found the river blocked by a great log
jam.

We landed and began to look for the easiest
path. After walking some distance onjthe
path we decided to return to the Channel
and take to the logs as the path seemed to
lead away from the water.

We put out to the logs and started across.
It was some fun stepping from log to log
with the end of a canoe on your shoulder.
If both didn’t keep time one was sure to miss
his footing.

As we neared the end of the portage we
beheld a large body of water and had just
remarked that our troubles were at an end,
when a voice from above said, ‘““We wish
you no hard luck, boys, but the Channel
is dry!’ We at once lowered the canoes
and held a council. Which should we do :
go back to the main river or continue down
the Channel and trust to luck on the port-
ages? We decided on the latter course and
at once continued down the bed of the chan-
nel to the pool. Here we left the canoes
on the bank and returned for the impedi-

PORTAGING THE LOG JAMS: THEZEWRITER IN THE LEAD

24 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

menta. This was soon loaded and we start-
ed off again.
We were soon at the end of our boat ride

and another portage. This was the most
difficult as we had to leave the course of
the channel and go up a steep bank and

across rough ground, then descend the bank
to the water. On this last portage we saw
the remains of an old boat. This rested
upon an old log dam which had been built
in a narrow part of a small gorge, the sides
being about thirty feet high and a straight
drop to the water.

a large fire on the shore and talked over the
day’s events. Then, as all were tired, we
put the fire out and struck for the tent.

It was now that Lou and Gord had .the
sympathies of the other three. As we had
been in camp longer than they and were
tanned, we had not noticed the sun ; Lou
and Gord were certainly burnt and _ got
very little sleep. All turned in but Dug,
whom we left drying his boots by the small
fire in front of the tent.

Next morning we were up early and all,
except the two parboiled ones, enjoyed a

THE LAST MEAL

After we had seen all that was of interest
to us Dug suddenly said, ‘“‘How about some
grub, it’s nearly 1 o’clock?’’ All had been
thinking of the portaging and had forgotten
about dinner. After a short delay we were
soon putting out of sight a good hearty meal.

Not much time was wasted as we wanted
to camp on Six Mile Lake that night and
if the portaging kept up as it had, we didn’t
know what time we should get there.

For some time we kept on having bad
luck, long portages and short water passages,
but at last things were coming our way,
as the stretches of water became longer
and the portages shorter ; at last we had
about a quarter of a mile without stopping
and thought that we would soon reach Six
Mile Lake, as far as we could judge by the
map we had with us, but on rounding a
bend we found another portage. This was
very short and we were soon in to clear water
again.

We were beginning to wonder if we would
make the lake or not, but the last portage
set our minds at ease, as water could be seen
as far as the eye could reach.

It was dusk when we got to the Lake and
landed on a point. Four of us erected the
tent, while Lou, who was to be cook, started
the fire and soon had things cooking, the
sight and smell of which made us all hungry.
At last the welcome news that dinner was
ready rang out and we all set to, laughing
and joking at each other’s expense.

After supper things were washed up, all
lending a hand. Then the waterproofs=were
laid and the blankets spread. When _ all
was made ready for turning in, we built

LOG DAM IN A GORGE

morning dip. Then we sat down to break-
fast which was put out of sight like the meal
before. This was the morning of the sec-
ond day, and after washing up all dishes,
we struck camp and travelled through Six
Mile Lake, with a good breeze blowing and
waves about a foot and a half high. With
the wind at our backs we made excellent -
time and entered Crooked Lake by a nar-
row crooked passage about 10 o'clock. 2
Six Mile Lake we thought, was beautiful,
but this surpassed it. At the entrance we
met a boat containing three men. They
told us how to get to the portage and, think-.
ing that we had to portage rapids to get
into Crooked River, we started for the place.
When we arrived, no river was to be seen.
A canoe followed the shore in different direc-
tions to look for it. Herb and I found the
portage but not the kind we expected. We
called the other canoe and it was soon run
up on shore beside ours. ;
The map was got out and we started to
trace our course and if possible find out
where we were. We did or at least thought
we did, when all at once it started to rain.
Gord and Herb started out over the port-
age on a trot to find out where it led to,
while Dug, Lou and I started to get the
tent in position so as to have a dry camp-
ing spot, and as soon as we had it spread,
we were to follow. We soon were on their
trail and had gone about half a mile when
we met Herb and Gord coming back. We,
of course asked, “How much farther?’ to
which Herb replied, ““You are a little over
half way!’
We at once turned about and made for

A CLOSE IN. CANOE ‘TRIP 25

the canoes, deciding to find Crooked River
and see what that was like. We went in
the direction we thought it was, but it look-
ed like a bay with rising ground all around.
We went on following the shore, thinking
we had made a mistake. We sighted a loon
and were loons enough ourselves to waste
time and ammunition trying to shoot him.
He gave us his Ha-Ha-Ha, dived, and that
was the last we saw of him.

We now returned to the quest of Crooked
River. I don’t think any one of us could
be lost in Crooked Lake if we were blind-
folded and turned out. We _ studied the
map, tried the different bays, over and
over, getting out on high ground to see if
we could see Crooked River, but no Crooked
River could be seen.

About 1 o’clock it looked like rain again
and we just had time to reach a small island.
While three of the party were putting the
tent up, the remaining two collected wood
and brought the dunnage to the tent: we
had just turned the canoes over, when down
came the rain in sheets, blown by a good
breeze.

While this was on we had dinner and then
played cards. About 2 o'clock it cleared.
Herb and Dug left in one of the canoes and
said,. “We will find the river!’ In half an
hour they came back but no river had they
found. While they had been away Lou,
Gord and I had packed all the things so that
we could start as soon as they came back.
While they had been up the lake we three
had studied the map, and had come to the
same conclusion, namely, that we must
have missed the river, as it must flow out
of one of the many bays. We decided on
a certain one which we would try first and
- had the luck to pick the right one. When
we arrived we all got out and found another
river similar to that of Lost Channel, with
no water except in pools. We put it to a
vote whether we should take to the river
or go by the portage. It was carried three
to two, to go by the portage and we went
as fast as we could go.

We had entered Crooked Lake about 10
o'clock in the morning and were still in it
- at 4 o’clock in the afternoon.

We decided to take the canoes first go,
until we felt tired, and then walk back for
a box or bag apiece. The portage was three-
quarters of a mile long, but we did it in
three shifts and were ready to leave the
other end in one hour and twenty minutes.

We were now in waters unknown to us,
as they were not shown on the map we had.
We asked a man whom we saw on the port-
age and he said, “‘Keep right on and keep
to your right and you'll come to Honey
Harbor!”

It was after 6 o'clock then, and in two
days we had had two delays, because we had
had so much portaging down Lost Channel
_and lost time trying to find Crooked River.
It looked very much like rain and we were
travelling fast, for we did not know how far
it was to Honey Harbor.

A drizzling rain started and we had not
come across a good camping ground so we
kept on going. We passed a log cabin,
but did not stop. About a quarter of a

mile farther we were sorry we had not, for
the drizzle turned into rain and a hard rain at
that. You couldn’t see across the river.
We made for a little shed in the distance,
pulled the canoes up and got our goods in
through a window, and to our surprise, we
found that there was no roofing on it, just
the sheeting and the rain came through
the cracks. We covered up our goods,
especially the blankets, but by some means
or other they all got damp. We thought
it was no use staying in that place so we
started back for the log cabin as soon as
it slacked up a little.

We were all drenched by the time we
arrived at the log cabin. We got our things
in through a window and went back and
turned the canoes over. After we had fixed
things all right we started to take off our
wet clothing and put on what dry we had
in our wardrobes, though these were very
limited.

Lou took off his outer garments and went
around in his underwear. Gord, Dug, Herb
and I stripped. Gord put on a bathing
suit and a damp sweater coat, Dug put on
Herb’s bathing suit and a clean shirt, Herb
had on his underwear and I put on a night
shirt, a costume which I pinned into the
semblance of a suit.

We all hung our wet clothes up to dry
and sat down to a good meal, although we
had no sugar, and nothing to drink, (none
of us, after we had changed our garments
would go out so we did without) and just
a half of a little loaf of currant bread. This
was divided into five small pieces and each
did as he thought best whether he would
eat it all for supper or leave a piece for break-
fast. However, we all had a good meal and
left the morrow tojtake care of itself.

ma When we turned in it was pretty early
as it was fairly cool and we were none too
warmly clothed as we were.

It was raining when we hit dreamland
and still raining when we awoke. We lay
rolled in our blankets as it was warmer
than in our damp clothes. Later thirst
drove Herb out and he brought enough
water up for us all to drink and enough to
get washed in. A launch passing at the
time suddenly stopped and we asked the
navigators the distance to Honey Harbor.
We were informed that it was only a mile.
If we had known the distance the night be-
fore we would have paddled to the town
and spent the night in a different fashion.

As it was still raining and we had no bread,
we started to play cards and, at every oppor-
tunity thrust our hands into a box of Corn
Flakes. Man, but they were good!

Later it cleared and we made ready to
depart for Honey Harbor. As we were
following the advice of the man at the port-
age, to keep to our right, we took a wrong
turning and went to the end of a large bay.
Here there was a house and by asking ques-
tions we were put on the right course once
more. About half a mile farther on we
rounded a point and beheld Honey Harbor.
It was very picturesque. The “‘Fairy Queen,”
the supply boat, was under way and it look-
ed very pretty.

26 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

The weather here was different
from {what it was just around
the point where we had been

sheltered from the wind. The
waves were wearing white caps.
We kept close together and

made for an island for shelter.
When we arrived behind it, we
discovered inhabitants and_ al-
though they couldn’t tell us what
we wanted to know they directed
us to a Mr. Jack Hewitt of
Pleasant Point Hotel, who knew
the country like his farm. It was
at the Pleasant Point Hotel we
enjoyed a good meal although
Mrs. Hewitt said we were} late
for dinner. However, she said
that she could serve the meat
cold and warm vegetables if we
would give her time. We _ pur-
chased some cards and went into
the sitting room and wrote to our
friends while dinner was_ being
got ready. We were all happy
when we heard the bell as Corn
Flakes, with no accompaniments,
aren’t a very good breakfast to
paddle on. After the meal to
which we all did full justice,
Mrs. Hewitt directed us to where
we could find Jack. In a short
time we found him and he soon
told all that we wished to know.

We left for the Royal Muskoka
Hotel at Honey Harbor, as we
were badly off for supplies. It
was on the way to the Royal]
that we nearly came to grief. The harbor
is full of pretty islands and on rounding one
of these we were as we thought, in the course
of a steamer. The wind was still high’ and
the waves were wearing white caps. We
thought it best to return to the island and
on returning we both shipped water and
were glad when we were out of wind. After
the steamer passed we had a straight run
to the Royal, got our supplies, and left at
once on the return trip, as we wanted to
make Gloster Pool that night.

We had nothing happen of any account
on this stage of the trip ; one portage and
a lift over a log and we entered Gloster Pool.
Here the map we had came into use again.
We made good time until it became dusk
and then camped on a beautiful point.

While Lou and I got supper ready, the re-
maining trio, built a fire where the tent
was to be pitched as the ground was wet
after the recent’ rains.

VIEW OF HONEY HARBOR

Supper was soon ready and we all did full
justice to it. After washing up we had a
large bonfire on the rocks and Gord, Dug
and I spent until the early hours of the
morning, talking, talking, talking. Lou and
Herb turned in early as they were tired.

We were up early the following morning
and left in good time. We were in sight of
the Mordolphin Club about nine o’clock
and in half an hour, ““The Little Chute,”
was reached. This was another portage,
but by this time we were getting used to
them and did not mind. We were soon
over it and in a short time reached, ‘“The
Big Chutes,’ and another portage.

We were now within about three and a
half miles from our starting point and at
about half past eleven we were thinking of
another meal. When we had cleaned up
everything eatable, all had a shave and a
good wash and left for the station to see
the one twenty-eight, the C.P.R. train,
arrive at Severn Falls.

THE DESTRUCTION

GAME IN

OF FISH AND

THE LAURENTIAN

MOUNTAINS, P.Q.

C. R. Partik

OES the reader ever consider what
will be the fate of our beautiful Lauren-
tian Mountains if the slaughter of the

game and other animals in our forests and
the wanton destruction of the trout in our
lakes is continued at the present rate, after
which the yearly forest fires carelessly or
maliciously started, will have completed the
work of destruction?

I believe I am able to speak with some
authority on the matter, having resided for
the last five years in these mountains in close
intercourse with the inhabitants. In my
opinion the root of the evil lies in the fact
that the education dispensed to the children
of these districts is absolutely inadequate.
Would it not be possible to give these chil-
dren a chance to learn more than mere read-
ing and writing which most of them forget
a few years after leaving school which
they do at the age of twelve or thirteen?
Would it not be possible to bring them up
to realize that they are committing a crime
against themselves by killing the partridge
off the nest, the mother deer heavy with
fawn and in using dynamite to destroy the
trout in our lakes?

I have seen so many things repulsive to
the lover of nature,.who would sacrifice a
great deal to better existing conditions, but
who is powerless in the face of ignorance
and prejudice. Have our game laws been
established only to be broken; and what
good are those game laws, if the people whom
they mostly concern are totally ignorant of
them? Even were the game laws properly
exhibited, how many could or would read
them? Many of the children do not even
avail themselves of the opportunity to learn
what little is offered. There is a nice school
house not very far from here which is per-
petually closed because there is no attend-
ance, although there are enough children to
fill two such school houses. My _ intention
is not to knock the habitants, they know
no better because they have not been taught
any better. But I believe that with proper
compulsory education they are capable of
improvement and can be made to compre-
hend the benefit accruing from the adher-
ance to the laws which have been made for
their own good. Give the children a course
of natural history at least of the animals
surrounding them, good and bad, their hab-
its, value to mankind if any, and by all means
make them acquainted with the game laws
and their object.

. A few incidents in my experience will help
to show that my advice is well meant and
not amiss.

Last Spring, I think it was in May, I met
a boy about fourteen years of age with a
gun which he had borrowed of a responsible

i)

fl.

neighbor. I asked him what he was going
to kill. He told me that a deer visited their
farm every day and he was confident that
he would get it. Now this boy had no idea
that the chances were even that he would
kill two deer, the mother and the unborn
fawn with one shot. I remonstrated and
tried to make him see that he was about to
commit an offence, but he only smiled stupid-
ly with an air that indicated he had no in-
tentions of giving up his pursuit. I spent
all last winter here in the mountains ten
miles from the railway and had to depend
on my gun for meat. Deer are however
so scarce that my tireless efforts while the
season lasted, and my weekly tramp for
many miles through the trackless forests
were of no avail and I had to content my-
self with a few rabbits and partridges, the
latter of which are also getting scarcer every
year. Then in February I found a doe a
few hundred yards from my camp, shot
through the neck but still kicking. [ ended
the sufferings of the animal without loss of
time, but the man who did the shooting
never came to claim the carcass although
he knew where it was. He must have had
an idea that the law prohibits the killing
of deer after the 31st of December. I can-
not comprehend why the law does not for-
bid the killing of female deer altogether,
as it does in most countries where these
beautiful and graceful animals are threaten-
ed with extermination.

Last Fall there arrived here in the neighbor-
hood a priest with an automatic shot-gun.
He spent a week or more, day by day, from
morning till night, in shooting at everything
bird or mammal, that came in range of his
un. The size of what he considered to be
air. game did not influence his lust to kill.
I cannot call it by any other name. The
little birds and big ones, singing birds, wood-
peckers, jays, blackbirds, herons and others,
chip munks, squirrels, rabbits, etc. had a
hard time trying to dodge that fearsome
gun. Two blue herons, those beautiful birds,
which do no harm but feed on frogs, mice,
grass hoppers and the like, I saw wantonly
killed by this man and thrown on the manure
heaps. One never gets tired of watching
these beautiful birds with their majestic
wing beat against the evening sky and one
cannot help thinking ‘‘Wish I could fly like
that!’ This priest made some astonishing
big bags of the above mentioned God’s crea-
tures but the nearest to what one might call
game I saw him bring in, was a rabbit and
the season for rabbits according to our game
laws; does not open before the Ist of Decem-
ber. Now I have nothing against the priest
as a priest, but in my opinion, a man, who
in this district is regarded as. omnipotent

28 AND GUN IN CANADA

almost omniscient, who is looked up to as
an example, who is entrusted with the great-
er part of the children’s education and who
is empowered to the extent of absolving the
sins of his flock, should have sense enough
to suppress his lust to kill to such an extent.

The laws concerning our fish, the brook
trout or red trout, Salvelinus fontinalis are
as badly abused as the game laws. Our
many lakes could never be fished out by
legitimate means, that is with rod and line,
but the dynamiting in early spring and fall
when the fish congregate at certain places,
when hundreds of pounds are taken stunned,
off the surface of the water, is responsible for
the fished-out condition of our lakes within
reach of the city man. I have visited lakes
here which one might almost call virgin
lakes and have caught in two days of tireless
fishing ‘‘six fish.” Get on the right side of
the habitant who lives within a few miles
of this lake and who has broken the trail
to it, perhaps he will tell you, what loads
of fish he has taken out of his lake. If he
thinks he is smarter than you are and he
generally does think that, he will tell you
that it is useless to use dynamite in this lake,
because the lake is so deep that the water
will not even ripple on the surface when the
charge goes off and the fish won’t come to
the surface.

A mature female trout lays about 500
eggs in October or November and we may
safely count on 10 per cent. of the young
fish coming to maturity. They cannot be
fished out by legitimate means but they can
easily be destroyed by dynamite. Then there
is a size limit of six inches and a closed season
from October ist to April 30th inclusive,
but few know these laws and less respect them.
The other day I met a fellow who had caught
a string of little trout all under legal size.
When he made ready to go home, he kicked
them all back in the lake after they were
half baked by the sun. Needless to say I
told him what I thought of such wanton
waste but he was not able to comprehend the
meaning of my reproach. One man was
telling me of the tremendous strings of trout
he was getting. I knew of what size the
fish he catches and keeps are, and as I also
know that he is living all alone I asked him
what he did with all the fish. The answer
he gave was staggering; he feeds them to
his pigs! Now I know that there is no law
to prevent a man from feeding all the fish
of legal size, caught by legal means in the
open season, to his pigs, dogs or cats, but
he should be made to understand that the
law, for his own good and for the good and
prosperity of the country, requires him to
release trout under legal size.

Just imagine what good these easily access-
ible and beautiful mountain resorts will be
without fish or game: and the forests going
fast. Miles upon miles burned down almost
entirely through carelessness. The habitant
takes every tree that is worth anything at
all, out of his bush and the pulpwood maker
takes the rest. The ground is barren of
minerals. There is no compensation for the
loss above outlined and for agricultural pur-
poses it is practically unsuited. The humor-
ous habitant who tells you that he is getting

no selfish motive.

three crops a year off his lot does not ex-
aggerate, but when you ask him what crops
they are, he will tell you: two of rock and
one of snow. Perhaps you will think that
the man from the city, here on vacation is
responsible for bushfires. He is not. I
have watched him time and time again. He
will go some distance and will bring water
in his hat if need be, to put out his camp fire.
And why should the city man be more liable
to have common sense enough to do this?
Because he can read those posters tacked up
on trees, warning against fires and has in-
telligence enough to mind them. - Nor can
we blame lightning to any extent for bush-
fires, because the trees are green when elec-
trical storms are afoot and if lightning does
strike the fire does not run very far and if
it does, blame it on the top lopping which
is left to dry where it fell. Our neighbors
across the line have begun to wake up to
the necessity of stricter preservation. Their
game wardens are fearless men without favor
who apparently attend well to their duties for
the conditions regarding fish and game in
the mountains of the Eastern States have
considerably improved within the last few
years and with them the prosperity of the
inhabitants who are dependant on these
resources. The city weary holiday maker
finds there what he has come for, leaves
his money and will come again.

Many things may be wrong in Germany
according to our ideas, but they have pre-
served their fish and game. With thirty-
five times the population in the same area
as this province without the lately acquired
northern territories I consider this remark-
able. Every square mile of forest or field
gives shelter to deer, hare and wild fowl.
I will not go into the necessarily lengthy
discussion of their means and ways of pro-
tection because they are not applicable here,
at least not yet. The German forests are

_ clean; there is no under brush and above all

no dried up top lopping. Forest fires are
almost unknown and the forests yield an
immense revenue. In a country so thickly
populated, laws concerning natural resources
must of necessity be strict. Here we have
more space for our game and less humans
to prey upon it so it should not be so very
hard for us to preserve our game and fish
in abundance forever.
This article may meet with prejudice and
disfavor but let me assure you that I have
I am willing to do cheer-
fully anything in my power to bring about
better conditions. The intelligent man, the
lover of nature who seeks recreation and a
little sport here, will understand and side
with me. He does not want to be tempted
to take undersized fish and hide them in his
coat pocket for fear of detection (which
however is not very likely). I should not
blame him if he should wait for his holidays
a couple of years and then take his money
across the line where he is sure to find what
he is looking for.
C.-R: Partik,
326 Lagauchetiere St. W., Montreal
N.B.—The writer is prepared to
prove every statement made in the
above article. 4

Ae eee eee Ss SP ay.

ALPINE CLUB NOTES

A eopy of the English ‘‘Mirror” contains
the following reference to Colonel Chas. H.
Mitchell, which will be read with much in-
terest by his Alpine Club friends.

“Many acts of gallantry and great services
rendered as General Staff Officer of the
Canadian Division during the prolonged and
terrible battle of Ypres earned for Lieutenant-
Colonel Charles H. Mitchell of the Canadian
Army Corps the distinction of being appointed
an officer of the Legion of Honour by Presi-
dent Poincare. He made many dangerous
reconnaissances to the enemy’s lines, and was
very active in getting reinforcements up to
the line when the Germans broke it by gas on
April 22, 1915.

“Incidentally, Colonel Mitchell effected
a gallant rescue of a wounded officer, which
was thought worthy of record in his book by
Sir Max Aitken, the ““Eye-Witness’”’ with the
Canadian Forces.”

Letters received here from Conrad Kain
say that he will return from New Zealand,
where he has been climbing the past winter
about May 15th.

Capt. Foster writes that at a recent ‘“‘Alpine
Dinner” held in the trenches Col. Mitchell,
Capt. Gillies-Wilken, Lieut. Westmorland
and himself were among those present.

Notes from the Vancouver Island Section

“Although in common with all other organ-
izations our Section is feeling the effects of the
war,’ writes the Secretary of the Vancouver
Island Section, ‘‘many of our members, in-
cluding our popular Chairman, Capt. W. W.
Foster, being at the front, we have kept up our
regular monthly meetings during the past
winter. The meetings have, as formerly,
been held at the comfortable Alexandra
Club, where the cheery open fire and the
coffee and sandwiches at the close of the
meetings have served as substitutes for our
Camp-fire and tea tent of summer days.

At the December meeting the proposed
change of the name of Mount Robson to
Mount Cavell was taken up and discussed.
There was much opposition to the change, but
as correspondence with the Geographical
Board at Ottawa disclosed the fact that no
application for such change had been received
by them, as indicated by the newspapers, it
was decided to let the matter rest. Since
then, as we all know, the name ‘‘Cavell’’ has
been given to another mountain.

Election of officers was also held at this
meeting.

The January meeting had to be cancelled
owing to the unprecedented weather condi-
tions which prevailed in Victoria about this
time, a genuine Eastern ‘“‘blizzard’’ holding
sway that evening and the Sidney trains being
held up the Director, who was to give the
address of the evening, was unable to come in.

_ At the February meeting two very interest-
mg papers were read. In the first Mr.
Wheeler gave us an account of his summer’s
work in the High Rock Range, including a
description of the thrilling electrical storm en
peulds Dome while his party were at work
there.

Mr. F. W. Godsal, of Cowley, Alta., in the
second paper gave us an account of some of
his climbs in Southern Alberta, and these
happened to be not far from the region which
Mr. Wheeler had just spoken of.

We were fortunate in having with us two
other out-of-town members as guests, besides
Mr. Godsal, Miss Pearce of Calgary and Rev.
W. F. O’Neill Fisher, of Greencourt, Alta.

The Annual dinner, celebrating the an-
niversary of the Club, was held at beautiful
Brentwood on Saturday, March 25th, and
was a decided success. Twenty-four mem-
bers and their guests were present and a most
enjoyable evening spent. At the close of the
splendid dinner three toasts were given,
“The King,” ““The Alpine Club’, and ‘‘Our
Members at the Front,’ all of which were

30 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

heartily drunk and well responded to. The
Director then read his annual address, after
which an informal programme of music and
dancing was enjoyed.

“P. A. W. Wallace, of Toronto, who will be

remembered as the Assistant Secretary at the

Robson Camp, was present as a guest at our

dinner.”

HE ELEVENT SE

ANNUAL CAMP,

JULY 337TH TO JOLY: 31s i30 ia

Second War Camp to be Held in The Bow Valley
Below the Massive Range, Near Banff.

. Objects.

To keep alive the Camp-Fire circle on behalf of
our members now on active military service for the
Empire.

Camp—Date.

The Camp will be known as
Camp” and will be operated in
the Club House at Banff

It will open Thursday, July 13th, and close on Mon-
day, July 3lst.

“The Bow Valley
conjunction with

Railway Station.

Members going to the Camp will leave the train
at Banff Station on the main line of the Canadian
Pacific Railway.

Alpine Club rigs will take them to the Club House
on due notice being sent the Secretary-Treasurer of
the time of arrival. Be sure that the rig is labelled
“Alpine Club.’”” The Club House will be a starting
point for the Camp.

Transportation.

The Canadian Pacific and other Canadian Railways
will give visitors to the Camp a one-way return rate.
This rate applies only in Canada. For further in-
formation see “Railway Rates’’ at back of the folder.
Information can he obtained from any C.P.R. ticket
agent.
othe Camp will be pitched below the Massive Range,
south of the Bow River, about twelve miles west up
the valley from the Club House.

A main driving road leads for three and a half miles
and 2 good trail the rest of the way.

Baggage will be taken to the Camp direct from
the Club House.

It will be an easy day's walk, with a stop for lunch
by the way. Lunches will be supplied before start-

ng.

hose who sc desire may drive the first three and

a half miles, at a charge of 50 cents per head.
Who May Attend.

Accommodation will be prepared for one hundred
persons.

Members are earnestly requested to notify the
Secretary-Treasurer of their intention to attend the
Camp. Such notification in good time will greatly
facilitate the perfecting of arrangements.

1 members of the Club are privileged to attend
this Camp who are in good standing ; that is, have
paid all arrear of dues for the current year.

Active and Associate members may _ bring two
friends upon notifying the Secretary-Treasurer at
least one week before Camp opens.

Duly accredited representatives of literary and
scientific bodies, of standard magaznes, and pro-
fessional photographers will be given the same rate
as members.

To be sure of accommodation at the Club House
and at the Camp please make application to the
Secretary-Treasurer in good time.

Graduating members before coming to Camp should
consult their family Tah ter as to their physical
ability. The Camp Committee will assume no re-
sponsibility in this connection.

Charges.

The charge for accommodation at the Camp will
be two dollars and fifty cents per day. This does
not include transportation.

For transportation of baggage between the Club
House and Main Camp one dollar and fifty cents
each way will be charged.

For transportation of ba
Subsidiary
charged.

ggage between Main and
amps twenty-five cents per lot will be

Baggage.

All baggage for Camp must be packed in dunnage
bags or soft bundles. Zz

Forly pounds of baggage will be allowed each per-
son. All excess over that amount will be charged
as a separate lot. ;

No baggage will be received for delivery at the
Camp ‘unless clearly inscribed with the owner’s name.

Heavy baggage can be stored at the Club House.
_ The baggage waggon for Camp will start from the
Club House at 9 o’clock each day.

Outfit. :

Members desiring detailed information as toa
suitable outfit will be sent a circular giving such
information on application to the Secretary-Treasurer.

All ladies climbing must wear knickerbockers with
puttees or garters.

Skirts and bloomers are a danger when climbing.

Annual Meeting.

In accordance with Clause 14 of the Constitution,
the Annual Meeting of the Club will be held during
the Camp for election of officers, presentation of re-
ports, and transaction of business.

_ Climbs and Expeditions.

The Main Camp will be placed in the Bow Valley,
on the south side of the river, below the Massive
Range, at an altitude of between 5,000 and 6.000
feet above sea level.

The Range is the one seen so impressively up the
Bow Valley from the bridge at the village. It contains
a number of fine peaks, of which Pilot Mt., Mt. Brett,
one unnamed, and Mt. Bourgeau are the most con-
spicuous. It is the home of the wild goat and flocks
congregate in the alpine meadows of its hanging val-
eys. ;

Facilities will be provided to cross the Bow River
and so to visit Hole-in-the-Wall Mt., Mt. Edith and
Mt. Louis, the last a difficult peak still «nclimbed.
There are many other fine peaks in the vic nity.

The follcwing expeditions can be arranged:—

(1) Up Red Earth Creek to Shaaow Lake, lying
below the northern precipices of Mt. Ball. Shadow
Lake, a mile and a half long by a half mile wide, is one
of the most beautiful in the Rockies ; both the lake
and creek are well stocked with trout.

(2) Up Healy Creek to the base of Mt. Bourgeau
Here, on the opposite side of the valley may be seen
the real “‘hole in the wall’? of Sir George Simpson.
A great flanking buttress of rock is pierced a the base
by a large orifice directly through the mountain,
and the blue sky may be seen on the other side.

(3) To Simpson Pass, the most beautiful of all the
passes of the Main Divide. Open alplands decked
with gorgeous flowers, grassy meadows, spruce and
larch groves and winding streams appear so well
mingled that it seems more a work of Art than of
Nature. The whole is dominated by the great pile
of Monarch Mountain. Here is the oat to Mt.
Assiniboine, whose snowy spur may be seen in the
distance rising above all compeers.

_ (4) _ On the north side of the Bow River the cave
in Hole-in-the-Wall Mt. and the canyon of Johnson
Creek may. be reached. _

No one to whom it is possible should miss this Camp
It presents a fine example of the splendid alpine field
that lies around Banff in every direction—one that
is apt to be overlooked through the call of the more
distant snowy peaks of the Great Divide.

‘ Graduating Climbs.

Pilot Mt., Mt. Brett, Mt. Bourgeau and the un-
named central peak of the Massive Range will be
accepted as Graduating climbs.

’ ALPINE CLUB NOTES 31

Camp Fire.

The Camp Fire will be especially devoted to tne
Empire’s crisis and the part taken in it by the Can-
adians. Arrangements will be made to have the
daily telegraphic war bulletins announced at the
Camp Fire. ; ; : :

The main object in holding annual camps during
existing war conditions is to keep alive the interest and
to hold the Club intact on behalf of our absent mem-
bers on military service, who write longingly of future
camp fires. The biennial election of officers will
be held at the Annual Meeting and among other im-
portant business plans will be discussed for a grand
reunion at the end of the war, when it is proposed
to gather round the camp fire beneath the everlasting
snows of Mt. Assiniboine.

: Important Notice.

The Director will appreciate an early notification
of your intention to attend Camp. Inattention in
this matter means a poor service through under-
estimation, or else a loss of money to the Club through
overestimation of what is required.

RAILWAY RATES.

Each member attending must have a STANDARD
RAILWAY CONVENTION CERTIFICATE. Get
this from the Ticket Agent when purchasing your
ticket. Without it you cannot get a FREE RE-
TURN TICKET : ; ;

The certificates must be filled in and signed by
the Director of the Club, Mr. A. O. Wheeler, or by the
Secretary-Treasurer, Mr. S. H. Mitchell at the Camp.

On surrender of the ticket thus signed to the ticket
agent at the destination of your ticket, a new ticket
will be issued free to the original starting point.

F West of Port Arthur.

Tickets will be sold to Banff, Lake Louise, Field,
Glacier, Revelstoke and Sicamous Junction at low-
estgone-way first class fare and a Standard Railway
Convention Certificate will be given to each pas-
senger.

ickets will be on sale from July 1st to July 15th.

GOING AND RETURNING TRANSIT LIMITS:
rane: July 25th, 1915. Returning, August 31st,

ess

: East of Port Arthur._
Information has not yet been received from the

Eastern Passenger Association. Full instructions will
be issued to all Eastern Railway Ticket Agents and
information can be obtained from them.

One-way first class tickets, with Standard Rail-
way convention Certificates will be issued from start-
ing point to destination at lowest one-way first class
fare, plus 25 cents.

_ Members wishing to travel by boat or boat and rail
instead of all rail can ascertain the extra charge from
their ticket agent.

Should information not be obtainable, the Secretary-
Treasurer will be happy to give further details.
Address all correspondence to

S. H. MITCHELL,
Secretary-Treasurer,
The Club House,
Banff, Alberta. s

The Club House at Banff will be open to members
and their friends on June Ist. The privilege which
was so greatly appreciated last year by which mem-
bers were enabled to give an introduction to friends
who wished to stay at this charming place will again
be afforded.

Through an error the review of The Alpine Club
Journal in our last issue was credited to Judge Galt
when it was written by Mr. H. B. Mitchell.

Prof. Sissons of Victoria College, Toronto, address-
ed the Royal Canadian Institute some weeks ago on
“Mountaineering and Exploration in a_ Neglected
Corner of the Selkirks.’’ The lecturer described a
ten days’ trip during which he attempted to reach
the summit of Mount Moloch, which has defied the
efforts of all mountain climbers. A number of re-
markable views of mountain peaks were shown by
Prof. Sissons.

"EX TERMINA TE THE WOLF”

Under the heading “‘Exterminate the Wolf”
a writer in the Fort Frances (Ont.) Standard
gives the following interesting facts with re-
gard to the size, variety and habits of the
brush wolf in that district:

The so-called brush wolf that has become
such a pest in our district during the past few
years is evidently a cross that has been evolved
by natural conditions. The prairie coyote in
the early days evidently bred with the timber
wolf. The rush of settlers to the prairie
sections drove the coyote out of his haunts, but
these crosses took to the timber and in re-
crossing with the timber grey, they developed
a species that is equally as large and as savage
as any timber wolf. It is not unusual to meet
specimens that range from six to seven feet
long. They are cowardly in the presence of
man, but they are far more destructive to
stock and game than any other vermin in
Ontario. Trappers, Indians and graders who
have been observing these things, view with
regret the wholesale destruction of fish, deer,
young moose and birds, to say nothing of the
millions of eggs which they destroy among
prairie chickens, partridges, grouse and all the
other ground nesting birds in our country.
The large amount of timber still in this dis-
trict makes it an easy matter for these timber

pirates to approach the farmers’ pastures and
although several attempts have been made in
this vicinity to raise sheep these pests have
been so annoying that it is conceded now to be
an impossibility. Careful fencing is of no
avail for they are cunning enough to dig under
closely woven wire. One man from the Emo
section lost 36 head last summer or over 50 per
cent. of his entire flock, and this too, in spite
of good dogs, careful attention and Page wire.
This winter has no doubt helped to kill off a
great number of them. Rabbits were few,
and the deep snow made game hunting an
impossibility, hence starvation for Mr. Wolf.

In view of these facts and conditions the
adoption of a general policy of extermination
is being urged. ‘Trappers have come to real-
ize that there is no use sending any skins to
the Department that are not large and full
furred, hence there is no ambition on their
part to trap or kill any that are small or in-
ferior. It is suggested that any measure
having for its purpose the extermination of
these pests be made to include wolves of all
classes.

Small wolves have healthy appetites and
they are even more destructive than the older
ones. The hungry half-starved wolf is always
poorly furred and is naturally more voracious.

THE FISHWAY PROBLEM

arise in connection with the utilization

of water powers in this country, is the
erection of dams and obstructions upon rivers,
wholly preventing the ascent of fish such as
salmon, trout, shad, etc. to their spawning
grounds.

To overcome obstructions of limited height,
no doubt a sloping ladder or series of steps
over which water flows suffices and will en-
able most anadromous fish to surmount
such obstacles, but in the cases of dams
which are over ten or twelve feet in height,
and may be as much as thirty to fifty feet
high, the difficulties seem to be insuperable,
and in the opinion of our best experts, the
gradient necessary involves such an exceed-
ingly long ladder or sloping ascent, that an
effective fishway becomes an impossibility.
Fish cannot be expected to climb up a long
and tortuous ladder, often with many twists
and turns. A case in point arises in New
Brunswick where a river has been stocked
by some enthusiastic sportsmen and is just
showing good signs of becoming a productive
salmon river, but is likely in the near future
to be obstructed by a cement dam thirty-
five or forty feet high. To secure a proper
slope for the ascent of salmon and trout, a
fishway there should be at least 200 feet
long, and it is easy to see that extreme diffi-
culties are involved in such a lengthy fish-
way. In the first place the fish would ex-
perience difficulty in finding the entrance,
if the entrance be below the dam; and if
on the principle of the Rogers pass, the
entranee be at the foot of the dam, the
upper end or exit will be far above the dam,
and the long extent of the fishway will ren-
der it difficult to keep it free from rubbish,
logs, etc., which float about in the water
above the dam. A very grave difficulty
also arises in winter from the formation
of ice which is certain to frequently destroy
and possibly carry away such a long
structure as a fishway 200 feet in length.

The Biological Board of Canada have
been for some time experimenting with a
fish-ladder on an entirely new principle,
and as far as the experiment has gone, a
model ten feet high has proved quite suc-
cessful in its operation on a small stream
near the Biological Station St. Andrews,
but the stream in question not being fre-
quented by large fish, it was impossible
to give it a thorough test. At the present

On of the most serious difficulties which

\

moment a fishway on this new principle is
being erected at the precipitous falls at St.
George, N.B., where salmon have attempt-
ed for years to ascend, and the Dominion
Government has planted fish for some sea-
sons, but owing to the abrupt rocky char-
acter of the falls on this river (Magaguad-
avic), it is doubtful if ever any salmon have
been able to reach the upper waters.

The principle of this new fish-ladder is that
of an elevator. A vertical shaft is erected
in front of the falls and held in place by metal
guy-ropes. Inside this shaft a cage moves
up and down automatically, being hoisted
up by a counterpoise tank which is period-
ically filled with water, descends and then
empties itself. This tank and the cage are
secured to opposite ends of a cable running
over pulleys at the top of the shaft. The
ascending salmon or other fish are led into
the cage by means of wire netting placed
across the stream, and having entered the
cage it ascends to the top of the falls, then
drops the fish out into the water above.
Various values and doors enable the apparatus
to enclose the fish securely and to carry
them up and release them at the top. By
regulating the valves, the fish-cage can be
elevated at intervals of a few minutes or
several hours, according to the quantity of
fish attempting the falls.

During the spring of 1916 the Biological
Board will be able finally to decide upon
the utility of this new fish elevator pass,
and in the opinion of many experts there
seems to be every possibility of success.

The objection may be raised that while
the fish are carried over precipitous obstruc-
tions by such a_— device, they can-
not descend when the time comes for their
migrating to the sea, but those best acquaint-
ed with the habits of migratory fish, see
no difficulty in this. Most of these fish,
both young and adult, descend falls in the
spring, when there is abundant water and
many side passages which admit of easy
descent, but which at other times of the
year are dry. These fish can readily descend
at the time of the freshets, but they cannot
ascend at such times owing to the swift down-
flow of water, or, later un the season, owing
to the lack of water.- An American authority

has visited the fish-elevator at St. George; and
recently published an account in ‘Popular
Mechanics,” (April 1916) with drawings.

frat LeRE Or TH DRY FLY

Robert Page Lincoln

OW, in the first place, when learning to
N cast the fly forget the popular delusion

that you are supposed to pitch it downily
through the air for a distance of, say, one
hundred feet. There are tournament casters
who can make such distances after having
spent fifteen or twenty years of their lives
in studying out the intricate and puzzling
details of the performance; and they are able
to do it—with the best of rods and lines,
especially made for the purpose, i.e., tourna-
ment casting. It is preached that a stiff,
powerful rod is the best for dry-fly fishing,
one that is slow in action yet which will cast
a far line if the required force is behind it.
This is true; but it must also be remembered
that the rod you have at hs» :, not the rod
you have always specuiated on buying for the
sum of fifty or sixty dollars is the one to be
considered. I always say: use the rod you
can get hold of. Some men can pick up a five
dollar. machine-made rod and do better with
it than another man can do with a high-
priced affair of the best selected cane. Itisa
matter of knowing how to cast, and the mere
fact that a rod is high priced does not make it
do the casting for you—remember that.
Right here I wish to remark that I have done
some rarely good distance casting with the
Bristol steel rod, and I have seen others do the
same thing. And yet in many great and dis-
tinguished books on dry fly fishing they will
tell you that the steel rod is unfit for casting.
For a dry fly rod you need strength; you need
a powerful rod, one that is not snappy in
action, like some of the solid wood rods, most
notably the lancewood, which is sometimes
impossible. Under such circumstances the
steel rod is well worthy of mention. The
Bristol steel rod is a durable rod, and one can
use it with success along all of the rivers of the
North. I personally hold that along the rough
Tivers the steel rod is in its element, and I
know that if this same steel rod is handled

33

with a good hand and eye it will put the fly
there just as nicely as will the bamboo or the
higher grade, solid wood rods, and at the
same time it comes within the reach of all as
regards price. Many notables have commend-
ed the Horton steel. Was it not John Harr-
ington Keene, the immortal, now deceased,
who said:

“There is one improvement in rods which
deserves great notice. I refer to the new
Horton steel rod, a very great improvement
on the earlier attempts with metal. It con-
sists of a wood handle, as in the ordinary
rod and a series of steel tubes which telescope,
one into the other and are beautifully tapered
and tempered. I have one of these rods
which I use on rough, windy days and it ts a re-
markably powerful yet hght weapon. The
line passes up through the rod and hence no
matter how thick the brush through which
one is obliged to travel there are no guides
nor rings nor loose line to become entangled
and cause delay and annoyance. The price
of these rods is about one half that of the split
cane and with ordinary care one should last
a life-time.”

What satisfied Keene -has also satisfied
many others who know the value of the steel.
Indeed there are vastly more steel rods in use
than other kinds, though writers on angling
have not exploited the steel rod to any extent.
The fact, however, remains—that, the steel
rod is the universal rod; the rod most in use.

Some of our best anglers, in fact, cannot
cast over sixty feet, and upon our streams such
casts are rarely, if ever, needed. A thirty
foot cast you will find answers well on all of
our waters, though there are times when a
far and fine line cast to forty feet would be a
vast improvement all around.

Just as you begin in the rudimentary stages
in the acquirement of any practice, knowledge,
or vocationary attainment so must you begin
at the bottom and work up in fly casting. It

34 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

is notable that the mere casting o! the line,
leader and fly to a certain distance is not the
only thing about it. Do not for a minute
think that because you can, by extreme Snare
reach a certain point that you are a full-
fledged fisherman and a perfect fly-caster.
Suppose now, in the winter, upon the snow,
you have been casting. You have reached a
certain distance and you are exceptionally
confident of your ability. And in the Ree
when you set forth upon actual water you fin
that your casting is anything but downy and
brilliant. Your line may fall first, say, and
your flies last; or the line will fall with a
splash, and any way you work it the flies will
not fall lightly or downlike on the water.
This means that you must still work to attain
perfection.

The best place to learn fly-casting is upon
the open water, where trees, bushes and other
detriments will not be in the way to hang up
your line.

Since you are to use the dry-fly, have then
the tapered line, and the tapered leader and
1 single, eyed-fly connected upon the leader
oop.

By far the most common cast used in fly-
fishing is the overhead, or over-handed cast.
Undoubtedly it is the most accurate in use by
two thirds of the anglers, and is generally
considered to be the best of all casts. The
rod in this case is held more or less perpen-
dicularly sloping over the right shoulder; it is
never operated at any considerable angle to
the side, which cannot bring with it distance
and not accuracy, for the rod, being operated
in closer proximity with the carefull eye, can
really and truly be aimed. Many things must
be considered in the acquirement of casting
ability. The rod must have life and action;
it must have that very much desired resiliency;
it must be perfectly balanced, the reel and the
rod well matched. If all of these points are
recognized there is no reason why the beginner
should fail to instantly get the hang of the
process. Of course it must be remembered
that pais must be taken to assure this success.
Carelessness, especially faulty judgment will
make the process of learning that much the
harder. Learn first to cast as you would
cast in wet-fly fishing before you attempt to
try the dry-fly system. In wet-fly fishing the
fly is persistently cast. In dry-fly fishing,
two or three “‘false’’ casts must be made in the
air, backward and forward, without lettin
the fly touch water in either move, backwar
or forward. The purpose of these moves is
to dry the fly so that when it is again cast to
the water it will float and not sink, as it will
if it is partly wet. There®are no halfway
measures about it; your fly is either wet or dry,
oe drying of that fly calls for considerable
skill.

The first inclination of the beginner learn-
ing to cast the fly is to flail the air. He in-
sists upon doing every, bit of the work and
cannot conceive of the rod doing it for him.
Perhaps he has been a bait-caster and being
used to that process he thinks fly-casting is
worked on the same principle. This is the
first common blunder.

As a matter of fact a likely handmade bam-
boo of correct adjustment will do the work by
the mere turn of the wrist, when one gets

flurried and hurries his casting the rod will not
respond; the line will lose its required energy,
and will fall far short and often all around the
angler. With wide swings and arm out in the
air a beginner will start in and in five minutes
he has come to the eminent decision that fly-
casting is an art of the devil and not of mere
man. First recognize this fact: the arm should
be held close to the body, shoulder to elbow.
This part of the arm rarely comes into use,
save in cases where some intricate, rarely used
casts come in which are away out of the
jurisdiction of anglers upon this continent. It
is the forearm and especially the wrist that
does the actual work.

A grip is taken on the handgrasp; the
fingers closing around it, the thumb extended
upward along the grasp. That the pressure
of the thumb is of great importance all will
admit, and especially is it important when
terminating the backward cast. It also
provides pressure and impetus when forward
casting.

Work out fifteen feet of line and begin to
operate it remembering to follow the directions
above, as to holding the rod, keeping same
more or less perpendicular, over the right
shoulder.

When you have reached twenty feet strip
out from the reel something like two feet of
line. When making the back cast the fore-
finger is closed over this line, though below it
the fingers of the left hand hold it preparatory
to releasing it when the forward cast is made.
When the forward cast is made the forefinger
of the right hand releases the stripped line
and the left hand aids to shoot it out through
the guides thus increasing your cast by two
feet. A little study of this feature will
instinctively bring with it knowledge of how
itisdone. During the time the line is travell-
ing backward, line is stripped out from the
reel to aid in making a longer cast. It isa.
matter of so many seconds in which to do it,
ere is felt the tug and the forward cast must
be made. I refer to the tug at the line in back
which tells you when to cast forward. One
writer speaks of the line straightening oul in
back. As a matter of fact the line rarely if
ever straightens out, in such a case, the cast
being sharp and quick the flies, or fly, would
be snapped off just as though at the sharp
crack of awhip. A glance at the second posi-
tion, will show you when the tug is felt, when
the line toward the end is in a curve. This
can easily be proved by having someone
watch your casting, or by yourself watching
someone else. The tug I may say is easily
told; and then is when the forward cast should
logically find its impetus. The rod is carried
forward, as seen in the third position to 40
or forty-five degrees. Never below that
should the tip of the rod diverge. In the
backward cast it should not go backward
much beyond perpendicular, and never
beyond say, eighty-five degrees. These two
points should be carefully remembered. The
drop of the rod too far behind is a cause for
relapse on the part of the line, and if carried
down too far in front will cause another
relapse of the line.

In learning to cast first master your short
distances before you endeavor any longer
casting. You will find that the twenty foot-

‘ FISHING NOTES 35

mark will soon be reached; then twenty-five,
and thirty, and so on as you grow more
proficient through persistent, painstaking
practice.

Having mastered the rudimentary needs
demanded in wet-fly fishing then you will take
up that other arbitrary feature of placing
the fly correctly at a desired place, not one
time but three times at the same spot. Care-
ful unremitting practice ensures this feature
being learned. Acquire the knack of placing
the fly accurately at the short distances, and
then take in the first long distances and
endeavour as before to place the fly at just
the correct spot. Delicate and careful plac-
ing of the fly is never so necessary as in dry-
fly fishing. In fact it is justly called the prime
requisite; in wet-fly fishing undoubtedly
the downy placing of the fly is a secondary
corsideration. Now in dry-fly fishing, to
master this exceptionally notable placing of
the fiz, it is by all means necessary that the
singie fly dip to surface ahead of the leader and
the fly. Somewhere I have mentioned that
to acquire this process a slight twitch of the
rod just as the fly shows signs of dipping to
water will cause it to fall first, the leader next,
followed by the line. This twitch at the rod
must be well practiced. It will be slightly
hard at first to master, but a little practice
and you will be able at the right moment to
twitch the rod a bit upward, causing the fly
to hit the water just right.

This point you must master, if you are to
be notably successful.

Cast easily and without blunder. Keep
cool and collected, and always be-at ease and
you will be surprised how easily fly-castin
will come to you, if you have the right rod an
work right. -Let the rod do the work. That
is what it is for anyhow, and it will respond
like a veritable thing of life with just a bit of
force behind it.

Ordinarily, for average use the overhead
cast is a cast exceptionally worthy and will do
in most cases. But there is another good
cast—the underhand, or underhanded cast
that is very good at times. This cast is also
known as the horizontal or wing cast. The
horizontal cast may be employed where no
other cast will suffice—where bushes, rocks
and tops of trees prevent the rod and line
being lifted on high.

In operation the horizontal cast is worked
on much the same principle as the overhead
cast save that it is held horizontally instead
of vertically, the same methods being employ-
ed as in the overhead cast. That it is hard to
accomplish this cast there is no doubt, but it
is a cast that is a successful one to say the
least. Says Halford, the world’s foremost
authority on the dry-fly and its use:

“Undoubtedly the horizontal cast is the
most important of all for the dry-fly man, and
it is especially useful when it is desired to
deliver the fly in a direction across a moderate
or even strong wind. One of the manifest
advantages of this cast is, that the rod’s posi-
tion being horizontal throughout, its shadow
is not projected out over the water. The
shadow of a moving object is specially likely
to scare a shy fish when it is rising, and con-
Suey close to the surface. The beginner
will find that there is a tendency on his part

when learning this cast to return his line
under, and cast over the rod. In fact this
would appear to be the natural method. I
would strongly urge him from the very first
to reverse this and return over and cast under
his rod. He will find that his fly, by this
method, will land more lightly, and that in the
case of a fish risimg under a bridge or plank
not raised much above the surface he will be
able to place his fly above the fish, whereas
with the reverse action it would almost in-
variably strike the bridge and never cover the
fish. Very little practice will enable the ang-
ler to acquire this particular mode in fishing
the horizontal cast. It is not quite easy at
first to place a fly accurately with the hor-
izontal cast, because the rod, and conse-
quently the line with the fly on the end of it,
moves in acircle or parbolic curve, and not ina
straight line, as with the overhanded (or over-
head) cast. The man who can make this cast
has overcome the initial difficulty of dry-fly
fishing, because with any breeze short of half
a gale he can fish with ease across its direction.
This cast will almost always land the fly cocked
on the water.”

The man wishing to take up that branch
known as dry-fly fishing should by all means
become thoroughly acquainted with this
peculiar cast. Remember that nothing is
gained by using too short a line, especially so
in this latter performance. The main essen-
tial in this performance isa goodrod. That is
of course an obvious requirement in casting
overhead, but never do you need a good rod as
much as when using the wing. or
horizontal cast. This cast is equally good
for both wet and dry-fly fishing. For accur-
acy I have found it as good as the overhead at
times and far more suitable for delicate work
than the overhead, which has to its credit the
greater accuracy, it being more in line of aim
with the eyes.

Having acquired distance and delicacy at
placing the fly upon the water there comes a
rather difficult problem, or feature to over-
come, namely: the false casts in between that
dry the fly.

The fly having floated down is retrieved and
picked up and cast forward, as in ordinary
casting, but it is not allowed to touch water.
The backward cast is made but again the fly
is in the air; two casts through the air are thus
made, at which time its progress through the
atmosphere has sufficiently dried it to merit
a dry return to the water, and it will as arule
be absolutely immune from wetness and will
float as at first, with the wings, lifelike, cocked.
By the time you have dried the line and are
ready to make the new cast, a certain section
of new line may be shot out through the guides
which is a good thing, so that the fly will be
well above the fish, especially so if you are
fishing the rise. The main thing always is to
get the fly above the fish, and not directly over
him, which, in many cases_ will frighten him
if extreme delicacy and skill is the result of
that cast. When the fly has fallen to water
and starts to float down over the fish the line
and leader must be retrieved or gathered in to
prevent what is known as “‘belly-ing”’ that is
the line sinking in a curve into the water.
Upon the care which you exercise to prevent
this “‘bellying’”’ will the successfulness of your

36 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

cast depend. Ordinarily to every cast. in
little fished waters you would catch a fish,
other things being equal; but where trout are in
waters. on the border of civilization another
state of affairs is the result and extreme care
must be shown. The reel here hardly comes
in for much mention; the left hand-does the
intaking and cares for the accumulated line.

As a rule the overhead and horizontal casts
are the only ones needed. Something might
be said about the switch cast however since
it is good at certain times. Says Halford:
“Where there are impediments on the banks
behind the angler the wet-fly man casts what
is called a swi/ch; this means that in returning
the fly and while it is on the water in front of
him it is cast with a sort of downward finish,
and if all is accurately timed it will be pro-
pelled by the weight of the line from the
water, and therefore at no part of the cast be
behind the fisherman. Obviously this is im-
practicable with the dry fly, but the fly may
be dried up and downstream, and as the cast
is made the hand turned over towards the
point to which it is intended to direct the fly.
Again the fly can be dried anywhere there is
space, or even wiped with a handkerchief. It
is then held in the left hand, the cast being made
and the fly let go simultaneously; if accurately
timed a very fair cast may be made in this
way.

But for average work the two fore-named
casts are all that are necessary. They are
universally recommended.

The Dry-Fly Itself.

In our consideration of the dry-fly, as used
in this country, it must always be remembered
that we are fishing not on English, smooth-
flowing chalk streams, but in streams that
have as many notions and conditions of flow-
age, and as many detrimental environ-
mental conditions as can be found anywhere
in the world. Therefore the dry-fly, as we
use it, is subject to necessary rules and
regulations. Our trout are different from the
trout. that are found in England to a certain
extent even though we have the introduced
Brown Trout. The trout we most generally
angle for, whether wet or dry, are the speckled
brook trout, or charrs; with a sprinkling of
rainbow trout, and brown trout in the same
stream to make us jump out of our shoes or
boots in anticipation of the slaughtering rise
of an old giant in scintillating silver and
green. Ordinarily however, the trout we
rather expect most of the time is the brook
trout, salvelinus fontinalis. The brook trout
of England is the Brown Trout. Which is
the better fighter it is hard to say, this de-
pending to a great extent upon the territory
fished, climatic conditions, time of the year
and the size of the fish caught. The trout
that are found in cold waters are far better
fighters than the deadwater trout found in
warmer temperatured: waters; these latter
seem to possess no life at all and when caught
will hug the bottom and sometimes have to be
veritably scooped out. In northern waters
trout are little demons of fight; for the chill in
the water serves to keep them keenly alive
and awake to their opportunities; and the
vim and native pugnaciousness attendent with
the rise of a northern brook trout is pleasing

and exhilarating to witness. Little need be
said about the trout that are found in western
streams, high up in,the mountains; they are
small perhaps but they are built for arrowy
speed, bucking rapids and racy water. They
are good fighters, and taken im their haunts
give as much pleasure as can be expected in
any branch of the universal, sport. These
many conditions of territory, and innumerable
varieties of streams must be considered in
taking up the dry fly as used in our country.
Not only this but it must be remembered
that in so widely scattered a terrilory the in-
sects which are the natural food of the trout
upon those waters, are different. This calls
for a study. of the varied insects of those
streams, and a matching of these with flies
in the fly-book or box that are like them in
shape, and more or less in coloration. One
should know the territory in which he pro-
poses to experiment, and after the manner of
the painstaking entomologist should classify
the insects falling to water there at different
seasons of the year and tie his fly like them, or
choose flies out of his collection of ready-made
flies to conform to them in natural shape. —
Now it is a notable fact that you can use
May flies in June and have success with them,
to a certain extent. But generally the flies
born in May, the big majority at least have
passed into the beyond in the third week in
June and the result is that little or no success
would be had with them on much fished
streams. Here, remember, I do not take into
consideration wild waters where trout, it
seems, will take any fly, regardless of shape,
coloration, or whether it is fished, wet or dry.
The insects found along the streams in the
British Isles are frequently represented along
our own courses; the exact insect in fact is
found here just as in England. For this
reason one can make a selection from the
English tied dry flies and use them on North
American streams with success. The May-
fly, the Gnat, the Duns, the Spinners, the
Sedges, Ants, etc., found on our waters may
all be matched to the English flies. All of
these flies, by the way, may be taken in their
season without any undue work, by any
painstaking and persevering angler. Pre-
suming that you have some special stream
that you always angle in, when chance comes
your way then is the time you should make a
collection of stream insects for classification,
regardless of whether you use the wet or the
dry-fly. If you are a roaming angler natur-
ally you have to remember the different flies
that occur in different waters. In the east you
will find one fly; in the west it may not be
there but will be replaced with miether. with
which you are not at all familiar. At first,
the making of such a collection, will seem an
unprofitable, intricate task; but persisted in
satisfaction is sure to result. One need not be
an entomological wizard to make such a
collection, but to classify them properly
one must follow some sort of an identification
rule. I know no better method than that
pointed out by Louis Rhead in: “The En-
tomology of American Trout - Streams,’’.
as follows:— 2
“Each class of insects contains many dis-
tinct species that differ in colour and size, and
this will serve as a guide to identify species in

Se eee Be

b
;
;

FISHING NOTES . . 37

their class. whenever the angler observes
them in their natural state, or as creeper to
the different stages of the mature insect.
**First—The Browns, or stoneflies, are all
bred in the water and hatch out from a creeper
—most in the spring, but some in the water
all summer. Their bodies are smooth, ob-
long and fleshy, and they have two pairs of

-smooth, oblong wings, which, when folded,

circle close over and beyond the body. They
have two feelers at the head, and most of them
two whisks at the tail. They are mostly
brown in color and are very quick runners,
both in the water and on land.
**Second.—Drakes are all bred in the water
‘and are of various sizes and colors, abounding
in all their varieties in vast numbers, from the
large green drake to the very tiny white drake.
Their movements are sluggish on land and they
will allow themselves to be taken up by the
wings. They are not so hardy as the browns;
their shoulders and bodies are exposed, but
nature has furnished them with a temporary
eovering which they cast off when the weather
suits, bursting open the covering at the
shoulders, and coming out a different color.
They have close, thick shoulders and smooth,
tapering bodies, which curve upwards like
the feathers in the tail of adrake. They have
a pair of smooth, oblong wings, which, when
at rest, stand upright, close together; a small
wing stands at the root of each large one, and
they have two or three hairs in the tail. Some
species hatch out in two or three weeks, others
continue hatching through the entire summer.
“Third.—The Duns have two long feelers,

small heads, short necks and small, humped-
up shoulders; they have two pairs of Jarge
wings set near the head, the under ones of
some fold double, and all close together along
the back and slope down over the sides,
growing broader at the ends. Duns all
breed in the water from creepers that are in-
closed in artificial cases, ingeniously fashioned
around them for self-preservation. Trout
consume these creepers while in their cases at
the bottom, also while they are rising from
the mud to the surface, which they do twice
a year. When on land, or at the water’s sur-
face, in repose, they are similiar in appearance
to moths. They sport on the wing more in
the dusk and twilight than in the daytime,
and in general are tender and susceptible of
cold. They are more numerous on warm
evenings, flying in quick whirls and when they
alight, run exceedingly fast. ‘
*““Fourth.—Are a class of Spinners, the long-
legged, slender tribe of insect. very alluring to
the trout. Some are bred on the land and
some in the water. They have in general two
feelers and a small trunk at the nose; six long,
thin legs and a pair of long, narrow, transpar-
ent wings—some slanting upwards from the
shoulders, others lying horizontally on each
other over the back. There are vast varieties
of them, from the large gray spinner to the
small mosquito. Of the numerous class of
beetles, two-wing flies, and ants, the former
are the most abundant, being mostly bred in
the water; and are the natural food of the
trout, both in the creeper and perfect state.”
To BE ConrTINUED.

THAT NEW METHOD: BAIT CASTING
FOR MUSCALLONGE |

Robert Page Lincoln

ANADA has trout of many varieties ;
3 she has bass and many other kinds

of fish, not the least of which is the
great northern pike. Among those most
eagerly sought after is the muscallonge.
Now the muscallonge is not exactly a fish
that would take the palm as being the most
refined of fish, not as long as we have black
bass, small-mouths and large-mouths, and
the highly treasured trout. Nevertheless
the musky holds a place in the world of fishes
that is somewhat spectacular to say the least,
and the vast number of fishermen who year-
ly pursue this finny creature is ample proof
of its prowess as a fighter, else why do all
of them select this fish when they desire a
good and lasting fight? No, the musky de-
serves a place among the best on this score.
There is always the hope that some day
you will get that wonderful big one you
hdve always had your eye out for—a big
one that will -weigh something like thirty-
five or forty pounds. It is a fascination
that continually presents itself and keeps
you humming with new energy, for where
thirty-five and forty pounders are a_ possi-

bility, one is always sure to be more keenly
alive than if fishing in waters where none
of that brand had previously been taken.
The matter of the size and weight of muskies
has always been a puzzling one. It is a
fact that in some lakes very large fish are
to be met with and in these same lakes large
specimens are always caught ; while in other
lakes and waters the size and weight is more
conservative and most of the fish taken are
small, or small, at least, in comparison with
the big ones. Just why this is I have never
been able to discover, and many discussions
have developed as a result of it. In places
where comparatively small muskies are taken
old-timers will laugh when it is claimed that
there are muskies weighing as much as fifty
pounds—and they always desire the proof
of the pudding. And yet fifty pound muskies
have been taken though, to be sure, they
are few and far between. On the’ other
hand any number of thirty, thirty-five and
forty pounders have become the trophies
of industrious fishermen—not in one season
alone but season after season. And these
men always go to the same lakes which

38 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

seems to prove that these bodies of water hold
many large fish that are not in the least
averse to striking.

There has always been one orthodox meth-
od recognized in musky fishing—one method
that has been tenaciously adhered to and
followed by practically all disciples of musky
fishing. That method is the trolling system.
Regulations prescribe that you shall sit
in the back of the boat with your steel rod
in hand, your line out at least a matter of

THE FIRST ONE WAS CAUGHT, CASTING
WITH A SKINNER SPOON CLOSE IN ON SHORE.

seventy-five feet, and that you have at the
end of that line a very fine, twirling, scin-
tillating silver spoonhook. According to all
the regulations, too, you will have an ex-
perienced guide or boatsman to do the row-
ing for you over the select grounds. When
the strike comes you swing and all you have
to do is to shout directions to the man at
the oars while you do your best to bring
in the fish. The only remove from_ the
regulation part of it is that you use as light
tackle as possible and thereby contrive a
capture after the system used by sea fish-
ing clubs. But in the hands of an amateur
a light rod, a light line, etc., attached to a
large fish are not easily handled. Yet, in
spite of its being so common and so adhered
to the trolling system is not the only system
whereby the musky may be captured with
every degree of sport available in the per-
formance. There is that method of bait
casting for muscallonge that will gradually
come to be one of the leading methods of
capturing Nobilior in his lair. Now it is

hard to say just how extensively this system
is used by fishermen ; but it is safe to say

that it is ten times more fascinating than
that common method of trolling. Trolling
has been compared with still fishing. It is

an unexerting method. The end in view is
the end of merely petite the fish. But,
bait casting for muskies is something quite
different. ‘This involves a lot of work to
get just the right bait for the purpose.

Bait fishing or bait casting for the naus-
callonge is one of the most exciting of fish-
ing sports. Exciting, in that you always
stand the chance of becoming annexed to
that great big fellow when you will surely .
have your hands full. It possesses vane
and there is a certain fascination in plunk-
ing the bait in a place here, and a place
there with the hope of causing some lusty
fellow to rise and strike it. After having
trolled most of your fishing days for the
musky, turning to this form you will find
a sport that you had never before conceived
of as possible. The reason more fellows
do not do any bait casting for muskies is
that it is always thought that they run
rather too deep down in the water and that
one has, naturally, to fish quite deep for
them. Hence one, as a consequence, trolls
deep for them. But this is not true. Some
of the best fishing is in the lower, shallow
water especially in those hours when the
fish are inshore feeding. In the morning
hours and from three or two in the afternoon
till dusk you will find the bait.casting pro-
position a very likely one—when you go
out for muscallonge. In the very beginning
when I speak about what sort of an outfit
you should have for this kind of fishing
allow me to say that you should by all means
have a durable one, for you are liable to get
hooked up to a very durable fish. It’s all
right if you can handle light tackle on a
forty pound fish just as a member of the
Tuna Club at Catalina manipulates his
tackle, ‘but otherwise, if you have had no
past experience don’t do it. This is just
a gentle warning. Many a time I! have
tried it and I have had so many failures
that I have decided that it is no use. I
use durable tackle practically always now.
Now to begin with, my recommendation
for this musky work is undeniably a steel
rod. I figure that the wooden rod, or the
bamboo rod has no place here. [I like the
steel rod, and if that steel rod comes from
the Bristol mill all well and good. It has
a genuine reputation, a staunch, durable
reputation, and you are always safe if you
get hooked up to a big fellow. When
go in for any of this sort of fishing I in-
variably reach for my Number 33 Bristol,
with its “just right’? guides, the one collar,
real agate guides—the rod that has not only
the strength to it but the stick-to-it-iveness,
the merging give near to the tip that I have
always particularly recommended. This same
rod is equally as goud for bass fishing, for
which, I may add I mostly use it. The
length of this rod is five and one half feet
and I consider it just the right length though,
of course, there is always the matter of per-
sonal preference to be diligently considered.
Some like very short rods, and some like

-to it, though a drag is sufficient.

FISHING NOTES 39

rods that go up to and over six feet. But
as two to one or two to three the greater
number of the people who do any amount
of bait casting these days adhere to the five
and one half foot rod. It is the suitable
length in my opinion. This rod has what
is known as the double grip, or double han-
dle. That is to say there is a grip forward
of the reel seat. The value of the double
grip cannot be over-estimated. When one
is playing the fish to net one gets a firm,
feeling hold on this grip that is so seemingly
correct and in its place (as it should be) that
once a person has tried this grip he will never
be without it. Such a grip has the worthy
Bristol rod. And while I mention some of
these things let me also say that the matter
of a finger pull is a mighty important one
too. The finger pull aids one to get a firmer
grasp on the rod, yielding steadiness and
making one more sure of himself. Then,
too, the reel is held firmly on the seat ;
there is no chance of it slipping off as when
you have just the ordinary band. By all
means see to it that your rod has a double
handle, or a grip, forward of the reel seat ;
also that it has the finger pull.

I. must add that one of the best lines that
I have recently found that will answer well
to casting for muscallonge is the so-called
Senter-Brade, produced by the Hastings
Sporting Goods Works, of Hastings, Michi-
gan. This line (No. 018) tests to 18 pounds,
and is of singular durability, being double
braided, hence giving one what may be
dubbed double service. This line was de-
signed for use especially in conjunction with
the famous Wilson Wobblers and has some
points about it that I cannot help but men-
tion here. These lines, I am not afraid to
state, are twenty per cent. stronger than
the average bait casting lines of the same
size. The reason of this is evident in that
not only is the core of the line braided but
so also is the outer covering. Such com-
pactness cannot but make for strength, yet
at the same time the line is not the least
stiff or unyielding, but just as soft as an
ordinary line. On account of this process
of braiding it is quite impossible for it to pull
flat when in use ; it stays hard and round
always as such a line should, thereby evincing
its efficiency. These lines are furnished also
in the 25 pound test order, also most recom-
mendable. The price per spool is from one
and a quarter to one dollar and one half.

The reel for bait casting for muskies should
be one that has a rather long barrel to it,
and which will hold something like one hun-
dred yards of line. The reel need not be
highly speeded up and so smooth working
that it gets beyond you; rather see that
it is moderately running but that it is a
durable winch. That is the main thing.
This reel should have a click and a grag
i The
superiority of the drag attachment will be
shown before you have gone far. While it
is not necessary that this reel be an elabor-
ate affair, full-jewelled and so forth, it should
be durable. ’

Now, in bait-casting for muskies there is
one lure that has proven singularly worthy—
that lure is the artificial minnow. The

artificial minnow has gone. the doughty
spoon hook one better for prominence sake
and has proven its worth not only as a good
bass lure but also as a musky taker. It is
hard to say when musky bait casting first
came into prominence, but it is not hard to
remember that one of the first musky min-
nows that was put out was the large sized
Jamison Coaxer. Of course artificials were
put out, and are put out still, in large sizes
but it is not common to see them labelled

IN THE SAME BAY, AND CLOSE IN SHORE
THE NEXT MORNINC AN EVEN LUSTIER FISH
WAS TAKEN, BUT THIS TIME THE LURE WAS
A WOBBLER.

musky. Still, recently the Tango minnow
company have put out a musky Tango
artificial that is about as ingenious and
deadly an affair for the purpose of this sort
of casting as one would want. This minnow
has approximately the right heft to make
a good cast possible ; it has the right wrig-
gling motion, the dip and side-glide that
proves very catching indeed for all sorts
of the greater preying fishes. The main
point in buying lures for musky bait cast-
ing is that they cannot be too light. They
must have a fair size to them and combine
all the points desirable in productions of
the sort ; they must have about them an
attractiveness that calls the attention of
the fish so fully to them that it strikes with-
out thinking twice about it. In this con-
nection, the new wobblers of the various
classes are very desirable. Among all the
Heddon Dowagiac minnows the so-called
Crab Wiggler is one of the best of the lot

40 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

for the purpose. This is not meant as a
criticism of any of their other minnows for
any three out of four of them wall catch
fish practically anywhere. But the fact re-
mains that the Crab Wiggler is one of the
best of the lot, making, in my _ opinion,
an excellent musky bait. In their No. 1600
series we have the new wiggler, the diving
fellow. If you are in rather deep water
it is very easy to shift the line so that the
artificial will work down deep, with good
results. The Heddon minnows with their
superior grade of enamel are worthy of more
than passing attention. They are minnows
with not only the reputation of big sales
but what is more—big results!

At the same time we have the inimitable
Wilson Wobblers of which there are
many varieties and one new _ pro-
duction of which more will be found in an
article in this same number. The Wilson
Fluted Wobbler is hard to equal in the semi-
shallow water, while if one wishes to fish
in rather deeper water he can easily shift
to the Wilson Winged Wobbler which by
its patented wings give it a zig-zag motion
through the water. It will travel, by the
way, at a depth of from three to four feet
in the water. Any baits of the sort used in
the secluded bays and along in the places
where the muskies feed are deadly con-
trivances. They exert the same eternal fas-
cination over these greater fish as they
exert over the bass—and what we know the
bass will do to these minnows so will the
musky. At the same time we have _ the
South Bend baits, and their wobbler, which
has also been heard from quite a bit the
past season. Their underwaters are famous
now and make ideal ones for use where such
a bait is desired for musky fishing in the
deeper water.

In casting for muskies there is one thing
always to be recognized, that being that
you are always liable to catch a very big
one indeed. It is foolhardy to try and go
out fishing alone, without somebody at the
oars. There may be those who are able to
do it but they belong to the Great and Mas-
terful. Rather with a man at the oars go
about your fishing and when you do get a
fish you can be rowed out into deeper water
and there finish the battle. The rules (if
there are any in musky bait casting) are
simple enough. I will be dogmatic enough
to lay down one cold rule, that being: use
all the caution and strive to be as noiseless
about your operations as possible. Cast
toward the place that looks good, at from
thirty feet or so. Never go in too close.
Work along with care and try out a place
two or three times before you hit into new

territory. When you have a strike set the
hook good and watch out, keeping your
line taut. It is always best to have some

sort of a trace or wire leader right next to
the connection with the artificial, for it is
a well enough known fact that the fish will
over-hit the bait, and will, in some instances,
soon saw off the line, or fray it so that a
little pugnacious fighting will serve to com-
plete the damage. A piece of not too heavy
copper wire, or copper twist will come in
very handy for the purpose. Swivels are

used to keep the line from twisting and
are really quite necessary. In casting for
this greater pike one uses almost entirely
the side cast, although the overhead cast
makes for greater accuracy in reaching just
the right spot. However one is, in these
cases, encumbranced with the wire leader.
Where the hanging bait should be about six
inches from the tip guide when ready to
cast, here with a wire leader one may have
at least a foot of hanging wire or trace lead-
er to contend with. Yet with a little prac-
tice this may be overcome and the bait can be
cast just as well as though it were shortened
to the regulation six inches from the tip.
Now the strike of a large musky one must
remember is quite different from the strike
of a bass. A musky like a pickerel or a pike
may follow up a bait and yet not strike at
it till the second or third cast. Therefore,
it is well to fish a spot well before leaving
it. When a musky does strike the minnow
it is done with a suddenness and delibera-
tion that may take you off your feet. And
once stung by the hook if he is over twenty
pounds you are going to have a fight of no
mean order. Of course the majority of the
fish taken are rather conservative as far as.
weight is concerned, but these so-called
small fellows are indeed great fighters. A
ten pounder is something that is alive and
well, thank you, especially if you catch that
fish in Canadian waters. (I hope I have a
trusting audience here!)

As I have mentioned before in this article:
the artificial that you use must have some
points of attractiveness about it that are
quite out of the ordinary ; the coloration
of the minnow comes in therefore, for quite:
a bit of attention. The motion of the min-
now may be the first thing to catch the
attention of the marauding one but the
coloration is taken in, I firmly believe, with
the next glimpse. And if there is one at-
tractive color for an artificial minnow then
it is ‘the solid white, or perhaps the white
minnow with some parts of it red. I con-
sider the red and white bait the most gen-
eral all-round favorite. It is for this reason
that more and more minnows are now being
made white, touched off with red. But
much depends upon the state of the water.
Where waters are not overly clear the white
and red touched baits are uniformly the
best. In the very clear waters of the north
the baits of fancy coloring are equal favorites,
as for instance ‘he exceptionally agreeable:
rainbow-colored affairs, etc. Any of these,
wherein two or more points of fascination
are combined in a minnow, are taking ones.
with the muscallonge.

At the very outset, when going out for
muskies with the bait rod and _artificials.
remember that it is a sport quite out of the
ordinary. The fish is a large one ; his fight
is one that is slam-bang from the opening
move to the final when you sink the gaff
down upon him and grasp him at the center.
The time to go out for these self-same mus--
kies is when they are feeding, and that.
occurs in the early mornings and in the-
late afternoons. But the best time of all
is from eight till ten in the morning, before:
the shadows have quite withdrawn from.

2h mt

FISHING NOTES 41

the shores. They are then stirring and
are moving up and down, in and around
the outer edge of the weeds and if you are
not then able to catch your fish with a likely
artificial it is pretty hard to expect anything
to catch them if it is not the spoon hook.
The spoon hook is also used in casting for
the musky. The same size spoon is used

as ordinarily for trolling, though of course,

unless weighed it is hard to cast a light spoon
any agreeable distance. I am speaking here
of the size 434 Skinner. This I consider
one of the best musky spoons on the market.
But for casting the Size 5 is very much bet-
ter ; has the proper weight and one is able
to place it well at a likely cast. I will say
right here that it is always a good idea to
bring along both the spoon and the artificial,
for where one does not bring in the fish the
other will. There are some bait casters who
go out for muskies who prefer a hook that
has at least five gangs of minnows on its
body, or fifteen hooks in all to be correct.
But three gangs I hold as plenty or nine

hooks altogether. I am beginning to con-
sider the wobblers favorably, and where
these baits are made so that the hooks may
be unscrewed, or taken off one can suit his
fancy and have the number of hooks he
likes. If you are casting with the spoon-
hook be sure and attach the regulation red
bits of flannel. Odd isn’t it? I have seen
some fishermen angling with big strips of
red rags (you might say) attached to the
hook ; and you would swear that nothing
would ever hit that nameless thing. And
yet they have had uniformly, the best scores.
Red attracts and angers any of the pike
family, the musky included. Comprehen-
sively speaking it is anger that actuatés
them to strike a lure and in no way do they
think one of these wobbling, gyrating things
of dashing coloration an edible thing, worthy
to feed upon. Perhaps they feel that (when
you fish during the feeding hours) they must
first put this thing out of commission because
it scares away all the minnows they feed
upon.

NEW ARTIFICIALS AND OTHER
THINGS

Robert Page Lincoln

and demonstrating angling writer is

in the months of spring, when the ice
in the streams begins to sag and look dirty
and is honey-combed ; and when the sheet
of crystal (?) on the bonny lake is getting
feeble and worn looking—sort of pale around
the gills ; and when the bluebirds are back ;
and the robins hop along the hill back of
the little old cottage ; and when the blue-
bird tells you things from the bough of the
tree. It is then that an angling writer is
busy looking over what is to be used in the
angling world for the new season. There
are baits and rods and lines and what not,
to give the acid test ; and some of the new
designs you can bet your life will instantly
supplant the old. No matter how good a
bait seems, you always feel that there is
something better, and so you purchase the
new devices with confidence in their ability
to surpass the old. More and more the
artificial bait is coming into favour; and
(as some at least will aver) there are less
and less of the the frogs being used. I will
not state how true I think this assertion is,
but I will state that if all the fellows who
are going to use artificials this coming sea-
son were got together it would make an
army that would drive old Emperor William’s
men many miles away from Verdun. (Re-
member I do not mean by making this bland
assertion that the allies should be armed with
artificials). Artificial minnows are here to
stay. They are more than pretty babies,
to be shown in glass cases. Some of my
weatherjgbeaten affairs could give you quite

ea: busiest time in the life of an active

a history. That old Heddon Dowagiac there,
for instance, could many a tale unfold.

The artificials of to-day are game getters
in every sense of the word. There may
possibly be bass that will not take artificials
as they should, but the proportion that do
take them, sometimes two times out of
three makes them welcome additions to
most every bait-caster’s outfit. Fishermen
everywhere are beginning to have more con-
fidence in them. That idea that they are
just made to sell, and that they scare fish
rather than capture them is now an exploded
idea. These productions now merit a great
deal of consideration and no tackle box is
complete without three or four representa-
tive artificials at least.

It is not strange that so much fuss has
been made over the wobblers, the diving,
zig-zagging, gyrating, skipping tribe, for the
simple reason that they have suddenly taken
the leadership as a killing bait. The whole
underlying principle upon which these various
wobblers are worked is one that strikes the
fancy of the bass and other preying fish at
the very outset. Now it does not matter
much why a bass, etc., will hit one of these
lures, whether through anger or through
some other motive. The fact is however,
that somehow or another, they are generally
very much fascinated by it. I am rather
skeptical as to whether the bass think it a
disabled fish and therefore something edible.
I am rather of the opinion that it is the
wobbling motion, that grotesqueness of appear-
ance, the unusualness of it, that causes them,
on the spur of the moment, through sheer

42 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

impulsiveness, to up and nab it. They
want to clear it out of their domain, feel-
ing in their hearts that they cannot live
beside such an insane apparition.

I stood one morning this winter (February
to be exact) in a boat on the surface of Lake
Ponchatrain, in Louisiana, hard by the Gulf
of Mexico, and while the sweat was bead-
ing my forehead I diligently cast a bait that
is due to make quite a fuss among fisher-
men in 1916. That bait was the Hum-
dinger, put out by the prince of piscatorial
men, Honorable W. J. Jamison of Chicago.
Before I had tried that bait out there was a
tear that hung on the lashes in front of my
eyes. I remembered a certain abbreviated
sausage that Jamison once put out; I did
not Irke it exceptionally well; I wept for

Reading, left to right: The new Six-in-One Wilson
Wobbler: the original Wilson Wobbler; Wilson’s Winged
Wobbler; Jamison’s brand-new Humdinger; and last,
that appetizing Tango Minnow.

it, tried it but it did not measure up to what
my ideal of a bait should be. Now when
I looked at this bait I did not weep, but
there were tears in my eyes. But when I
cast that bait a half hour later in a secluded
place I got a whopping rise and was playing
a large bass to net. I had caught my first
bass of the new year and that, too, on Jami-
son’s Humdinger. Such a name! Why in
the world didn’t they call it the New York
Life Building or the Transcontinental Rail-
road? I am going to redub it the Jamison
Game Getter. I will have a photo of that
big bass come out in some future number.
It’s well worth the space in my opinion.
Southern bass have a special reputation for
being great big fellows with a plunge and
tear to them that is quite equal to our north-
ern bass ; at the same time they are often
three or four times larger and bulkier than
our bass. Now please take a squint at the
photo of the Humdinger. It is the genuine
old struggling bait. And when Jamison says
that he says words of truth. First, it wiggles
from side to side at the front ; the rear of
the bait has an up and down motion. At the
same time oddly enough the bait protects
the hooks so that they will not foul on weeds.
This bait is both a surface worker and can
easily be changed so that it is an underwater,
deep diving affair. By attaching the line
under the jaw of the animal it runs surface-
ward ; by attaching the line to the head
steel loop it suddenly plunges down and
goes through the awfulest gyrations you
ever saw. Let me add right here that I

am not only going to have this bait with
me on my four months’ fishing ramble from
lake to lake this summer but I am also go-
ing to have the Jamison Mascot with me.
Don’t forget the Jamison Mascot, even if
you forget your pocketbook ; and if you
work the pads don’t forget the Coaxer.
“There’s a reason.”

Nor is the Humdinger the only new 1916
bait that this man has put out. I have
procured another new bait that he has put
out, called the Chicago wobbler. You will
ry this bait out at the same time with me.
I have not yet tried it out. But I did try out
the Humdinger and it certainly is as good
if not better than the Mascot. And this
is saying a mighty lot I’ll tell you.

There is always good tidings in store for

Reading leit to right: One of the series 1700 Near-
Surface wiggling Heddon Dowagiac minnows; One of
the Series 1600. deep diving minnows, a Heddon pro-
duction; The Wilson Cupped Wobbler: That large size
original Wilson Wobbler; and last the new W. J. Jami-
son Chicago wobbler tor bass and muskies.

the bass fisherman in the spring when the
new productions begin to be advertised.
Naturally the best known and well found
firms identified in artificial minnow pro-
ductions are the ones first looked into. If
they have anything new it is studied with
care and earnest consideration is given it.
A reputable firm in the first place gains
its place in the world from the fact that
it has something to sell that people want.
People, thereafter, want more of it because
it helps them get what they want. And
the firm’s business expands. Such expansion
would not take place, however, unless the
ware that company extended was worthy,
and all the manufacturers claimed it to be.

Let us consider next the newest output
of the Hastings Sporting Goods Company
of Hastings, Michigan, the company that
puts out the Wilson Wobblers. Now Wilson
Wobblers are family »mames in Piscatorial-
dom for the Wilson Wobbler was among
the first, if not the first, in the field. Its
reputation is one that comes from silent
service ; not much bluster about it, but a
practical way of doing things just as the
fisherman would have them done. The Wil-
son Wobbler is an artificial minnow that
is seen throughout the season again and
again. I have heard men everywhere speak
of the wobbling minnows and of all wobblers
the Wilson is oftenest mentioned. It has a
reputation that is far-reaching. It is a bait
that is used not only by John Smith and

<hr EEN PE

FISHING NOTES 43

Fred Jones but also by Richard Mansfield,
Turner and Phillip Wellesley Cholmondeley.
It is not only used in the far south, where
I saw it this winter but it is also sampled
and exploited by your favorite guide up
near Hudson Bay. Such is the far-reaching
reputation of the Wilson Wobbler. The
Fluted Wobbler is identified, especially by
the motion of its tail when retrieved. It
travels well below the surface. When you
do not reel it promptly comes to the sur-
face, for it is a light bait. Exceptionally
good as have been the Wilson Fluted Wob-
bler and their Cupped and Winged Wobblers
I think without doubt their latest production
is going to beat them. Remember now
I have not tried out this bait (I am writing
this in March), and we will practically
swim it at almost the same time this coming
season. I wager nevertheless that if
any new baits are going to catch fish this
one certainly will for it has some points
that singularly impress me.

The new production has been
the Wilson Six-In-One Wobbler.

If you just take a glimpse at the photo of
this creation which accompanies this article
you will note that it has a diving guide in
front which may be adjusted in six posi-
tions. As the manufacturers say: 7One
position will cause the bait to skim on the
surface of the water, the other positions will
cause the bait to travel in the water at various
depths ranging to a maximum of six feet.
Each different change in the position of the

named

._ diving guide not only causes the bait to

travel at a different depth, but with a differ-
ent wobbling motion.” Perhaps the most
unique part of this all is that there are six
wobbling motions in one, and that with a
second’s work you can have a new motion
each time. Most wobblers, or minnows,
hold to one conservative motion, or direc-
tion, or depth. Yet here one can suit him-
self to the locality he is in, so that he can
have any one of six wobblers, according to
the depth and condition of the waters. If
he wants a surf scooter, the water being
low, he gets it. If he is m deeper water
and must go down deep for them, a mere
shift of the ever-ready diving guide and
you have it ready prepared for use. Such
a bait as this, therefore, I believe, to properly
fill in the needs and demands of all the bass
fishing gentry, and I can personally say that
if this bait works anywhere nearly as well
as the rest of the Wilson Wobblers I have
absolutely no kick coming. Just now I
have in my mind’s eye a certain lake tucked
away among the pines and balsams. In
that same lake I have a place spotted where
in jovial June I will plunk in this same Wob-
bler. If that does not get the biggest one
in that pot hole then J will eat the minnow
myself!

While the Dowagiac company have not
as yet put out a strictly new and fresh pro-
duction for this year, their last year’s sensa-
tion but laid the foundation ; this year will
continue and elaborately broaden the reputa-
tion that the eccentric Crab Wiggler made
for itself. One angling writer of sufficient
note to merit passing attention has spoken
of the Crab Wiggler as being the one original,

life-like production of last year. I cannet
help but say the same; The Crab Wiggler
is a fish-getter far and aw ay above the ordin-
ary. Nor is this bait good alone for bass
but it will work as well on the pikes. The
record catch I made on a Crab Wiggler
last year proves to me that it is an excep-
tionally worthy pike lure. For that reason
I am setting it over in the muscallonge bait
casting article in another section of the
angling department. But mark this well:
it is just as good if not better as a bass killer
and it may be mentioned that there is a large
size and a small size Crab Wiggler. I know
and can easily prove the assertions I make
by records and witnesses. That means more'
than an ordinary boast. Where records
prove superiority there is some substance to

Reading left to right: First, the large size Jamison
musky Coaxer; next, the deadly and well known South
Bend wobbler, a true and tried success; third, the Crab
Wiggler that will make the fish look pretty tame if they
take hoid of it: and last of all, the Jamison Winged
Mascot. These are very good muscallonge as well ‘as
bass baits and have all been tried out and proved
successful:

an assertion of the sort. The Heddon p -
ple have long been recognized for the f
that they put out good material; th
minnows are never cheap ; the enamel th
put on their minnows never peels; peelii
or flaking, is unheard of. I have a Hedav
I have used three or four years now and ti
only manner in which it has been injure
is where it has hit on rocks which have dent
ed, but never destroyed its coating of enamel!
When the wood on some minnows is exposec
by denting, they instantly soak water an
disentegration sets in. That’s the beginnin
of the end of that minnow.

The Crab Wiggler I hay. just mention
can be had in many colorations and blen
ings of colors. It imitates, by coloration,
frog, a yellow perch and a crab. But most
of all a crab. It scurries backward like
the wierd crayfish and in so doing so valiant-
ly imitates that lowly animal that the bass
or the other preying fish at once seize upon
it—whether they believe it food or not
I will not say. Anyone knows how a crab,

if alarmed, scurries backward, apparently
to get out of danger. That’s this minnow
to a T. It does just that. It has a pro-

nounced wiggle, all intact ; it has a lifelike
appearance, and will last not one season
but three, four or five seasons with good
care. The fact that the crayfish, or crab

4 RODJAND GUN IN CANADA

is one of the principal foods of the greater
fish, including the bass makes an_ imita-

tion of the sort a decided success. I will
add that even the manufacturers have been
surprised at the number of Crab Wiggler
baits sold the previous year. I, myself,
noted a great number in use last autumn
when it was bursting into greater promin-
ence even that late in the year. This sea-
son, however, will be its big season, and

it is one of the baits that I will have along.
This company also puts out a Baby Wiggler,
a Crab Wiggler only in small form. This
is a snagless minnow. It has double hooks
at the belly.

I have been quite a steady user of the
Dowagiac baits now for quite a time; and
I must say, as a matter of fact, that they
are some of the best baits that are put on
the market. Not. only are they in design
an attraction of a marked order but the
fact that they are so substantially made
is a characteristic that especially rivets the
attention. Besides proving attractive lures
the Heddon minnow may be used for some-
thing like three years and with ordinary
good care should be good for a couple more.
The Heddon people have held this reputa-
tion for putting out good material from the
beginning. I recall the first Dowagiac I
ever used, and more than that it was the
first artificial minnow I ever used. I fish-
ed with it for years and then laid it aside
to buy up newer productions that attracted
me more, by their designs, etc. But I
still haye that minnow in my shop and any
time you want I will bring it out and show
it to you. It is a minnow I highly treasure.

Now anyone (among the average fisher-
men), wants a bait that will last more than
one season. To get such a bait one must
naturally get one that is well and substantially
made. Here is where your Heddon minnow
is more than a passing attraction. It is a
valiant standby. When I go out from lake
to lake in the summer I would count it a
poor trip indeed if the Heddon minnows,
at least two, were left out of the outfit. I
have always had good luck with the deep
diving Heddon minnows of the Series 1600.
This bait will be noted in the illustration,
which please see. This bait will float when
not reeled. When reeled it will dive and
wobble to the depth of four feet. The float-
ing feature of the bait is a good one as it

‘will not drop down into the weeds if you
get tangled up in a backlash.

For coloration too, the Heddon minnows
are exceptionally well to be noted. I have
always recommended the rainbow-hued af-
fairs. I need hardly speak of the virtues
of their underwater minnows. This I have
already done.

There is a new (comparatively new) min-
now in the field that is known as the Tango
minnow. Last season I tried it out for the
first time in waters wild and in waters that
were “‘civilized,” so to speak. At first I
did not like the name, and was prejudicial
against it but there is little or nothing in the
name and I found the Tango minnow very
good in any number of instances. When
I was not trying it out, I always saw to
it that others of my clan were trying it out

though I had to resort to bribery.”“\The
Tango proved itself worthy of holden a
place among the good baits from the start.
It is a minnow that has a wobbling motion
that is not too highly accentuated. It is
moderately speeded, so to speak, although
by reeling it in fast it will do most anything.
I have found that moderate reeling is the
best with this bait. The Tango minnow
is made to wobble by the blade of wood that
is found at one end of it as will be seen in
the illustration. The line is threaded to
an eye of steel on this blade. The water
forced against this blade causes it to dip
and give a side to side wobble that is winning-
ly attractive to say the least. In fact I
should say that it is as near to lifelikeness
as a bait could be. A wobbler, of course, is
supposed to act like a struggling minnow, that
is trying its best to get away, out of the reach
of the preying bass or other fishes. This
trying to get away is not a violent exhibition.
It is a moderately attuned performance.
The Tango minnow can also be used to troll
with, and if it is desired to keep the bait
at a depth of four feet under the surface of
the water a Number 18 copper wire is at-
tached, by means of a swivel, to the minnow.
As a trolling proposition the Tango minnow
is a decided success. I smile when I think
of a day last summer. A party of us hied
us away to a small lake that was teeming
with pickerel. I doubt very much if any
but the villagers around the lake did any
fishing. In one hour I caught eight large
pickerel with the Tango, the entire catch
going to various of the farmers around the
lake and their friends. For ourselves we
had enough and a few to spare. I was amply
surprised that a minnow of the sort would
make a troller worthy of the name. I re-
call the first time I saw the Tango minnow.
I found a large pickerel dead, on the shore
of a lake, washed up by the waves of a night
before. In his mouth was a Tango hooked
firmly-in the jaw, and on it was a long, heavy
trolling line, a copper wire leader. This
interested me so much that I decided to
try it out with the success I have noted.
There is little doubt but that this minnow
will have a wide popularity, if it is kept be-

fore the people so that it is not lost track.

of. Many good minnows are lost to atten-
tion in that way. I certainly recommend
the Tango to the fishermen who want a
good minnow for this summer, one especially
of the wobbler type.

The South Bend Bait company comes
across this year with some new productions,
two in particular being noted here. They
have put out a surface scooting minnow
that they call the Surf-Oreno which has
come too late to photograph, but which,
nevertheless, has many good points that
merit more than a passing look before it is
passed by. The Surf-Oreno is a light affair
and according to reports has proven itself
as a big killer. For one thing it is easily
cast and goes along near to the surface.
It has a spinner before and behind, and
these in their spinning make a sort of a
churning commotion in the water that is
especially attractive. I have tried this bait
out in the water but not for fish, of course.

—

FISHING NOTES 45

We will have a try at this lure at about the
same time, and I surely feel that it is able
to do its duty in regulation South Bend
order. I have never had a glum word yet
to say about the South Bend minnows.
They are always in my paraphernalia, at
least one in the seven to ten various minnows
I always carry with me. I am adding the
Surf-Oreno as I feel that such a bait is suit-
ed to my needs. This is decidedly getting
back to the spinners again and I feel certain
that this is not out of place. Aside from the
above-mentioned minnow the South Bend
people have put out one of the most attrac-
tive lures that I have seen in a long day,
namely: their new weedless spinner hook
with the bucktail attachment. This is some-
thing that I am going to try out the first
time the bass get to moving about. Those of
you fellows who have wanted to get good
bucktail hooks for casting or trolling would
do well to call for the South Bend catalogue.
For years this company has been putting
out the best in this field that I know of.
Their weedless hooks are weedless hooks
in every sense of the word and they are
ingenious, not clumsy. I also wish to say
eet now (and I am not asking those of you
who will not believe me sincere in my pur-
pose to pay any attention to my suggestion)
that if you are going to use frogs
for bait this summer, or even part of
the time, do not fail to get the South Bend
weedless casting hook, and especially the
one that has the spinner right on the hook
shaft. Now if you do not listen to anything
but this—mark this: get that spinner weed-
less casting hook, and if you do not vote
that the best hook you have ever used I
will tender you my month’s payment for
running this department. I have already
spoken about that weedless hook. It is
the best one I have ever used.

Now right here is where the new weedless
bucktail spinner comes in. It is an exten-

‘sion of that weedless spinner, only the buck-

tail is added so that you do not have to use
the frog or the pork-rind. That special
patented spinner is there (it couldn’t be
improved upon); the hook is also neatly
weighted so as to make it just right for
casting purposes. The weed guards are
there and also it is a double-hook affair or
one hook threaded on another, each separate.
The first bucktail is red, the hind tail is

white. There we have red and white, the
two biggest color attractions for bass that
has ever been put out. There are times
when bucktail baits are especially good.
I have known times when they have made
catches without fail. They are the happy
medium whereby ‘one can make a change,
finding that that change was a mightly excel-
lent proposition. The new South Bend spin-
ner with the white and red combination can
be used for either trolling or casting? It
can be used even in the thickest of the pads
or the weeds without becoming hooked up.
The same is true of the weedless casting
spoons. Cast into the pads and reel out-
ward and you get your bass right at the edge
of the pads, whereas, plunking a bait right
to the edge of the pads you are more liable
to scare, than fascinate your fish. Cast
behind him, into the pads and lo you will
have attained a great advantage.

In the next number of this magazine I
shall have an article on night fishing for
bass, and shall then speak further of the
merits of the South Bend productions. For
night fishing and for all-around use_ the
South Bend reel is the most adaptable of
appliances and I would suggest that if you
are ‘making your reel purchase this year
be sure and give the South Bend reel your
attention. Night fishing is coming more
and more into prominence, by the way.
It has been proven foolish nowadays not
to go out fishing at night. For one thing
night fishing is not only fascinating, but
it is a fact that the largest bass are taken
after dark with glowing baits, such as the
South Bend Woodpecker, and others, or
any of the whife artificial minnows (not
necessarily of the phosphorescent sort)—
but white, so that they can be seen at least
partially in the water. The need of a reel
that will prevent backlashes from accumulat-
ing is the reel to be located. The South
Bend reel is one of the best in this class,
giving distance to a cast, running smoothly
and rarely giving a backlash, for the bale
wire on the front cross-bar of the reel pre-
vents this.

Look for the night fishing article in the
next number. I am sure that you will find

it interesting, and that it will call you out
into the great out-of-doors where thejred
blood runs warm in the veins!

EDITED BY AB.GEIKIE

eas , iy)
«30% & Readers are invited to contribute to this Al)
hel department notes, comments and en- | °

quiries concerning firearms and ammun- {i}

ition. Communications must be brief B |

and to the -point and persomalities must

not be indulged in. The Editor will not ‘

be held responsible for opinions express- 2

ed by correspondents. Address all

communications to A. B. Geikie, c/o Rod

and Gun, Woodstock, Ontario.

The Publishers of Rod and Gun Magazine invite readers of the magazine to contri-
bute articles and letters to Mr. Geikie’s department on matters pertaining to guns and
ammunition, but do.not necessarily endorse the opinions expressed therein by these
contributors.

ARMS THAT HELPED TO SHOVE THE
FRONTIER OFF THE MAP

(First Installment of the series.)
By Ashley A. Haines

Editor's Note—With this we are publishing the first installment of the series of articles by Mr. Haines
on the subject of the various rifles and revolvers which played such a prominent part in the settlin
of the west. Mr. Haines has handled the matter in an intensely authoritative and interesting manner an
we should congratulate ourselves upon securing the services of such an authority on the subjects treated.
The series will continue throughout the summer months and the entire artillery of the plainsmen will
receive consideration, among which might be mentioned the Colt’s powder-and-ball revolver mentioned
in this issue and further described in the next number, the Remington and Smith & Wesson revolving pistols,
the Sharp’s, Ballard, early Remington, Winchester and Marlin rifles, the Henry and the Spencer—the
latter arm of Civil War fame.)

To the writer, and I dare say many others’ in the. balance of experience, would be found
there are who will hold similar views, the wanting in some vitally essential point, our
principal arms that played the most prom- Frontiersman was not the man who hesitated
inent parts on the Frontier, especially be- to discard it and tie to another on whose
tween the years of say 1860 up to the close _ reliability, at all times, his life, and that of
of the °80’s, are fully as interesting as arms his family, might entirely depend.
that have appeared at later dates. In mak- And, as has been intimated, there were
ing the foregoing statement, it is realized many arms then to be had well worthy the
that there is a class who can see nothing confidence of the men who ventured West,
of value in anything in the fire arms line many of them with families, taking passage
made previous to the last decade, ignoring by “Prairie Schooner,’ seeking homes in
the fact that arms well adapted to the needs more unrestricted areas than had previously
of the Frontiersman were within his reach been theirs, while others there were West-
during the period mentioned, and gave the ward-bound merely for the love of adven-
best of satisfaction in his hands whether ture. And this latter class was not to be
used on the big game that roamed unrestrict- disappointed, for while the red man was not
ed over limitless prairies, through dense to be always found with his copper-colored
forests, or the desolate wastes of snow-clad visage smeared with war paint, there was
mountain ranges ; or in defense of his home no certainty that he might not at the most
against the savages that, at practically every unexpected time, turn hostile. At such times
step of the way leading to the development the settler with his family to protect and
of the West, disputed the white man’s on- the man who drifted into the West for the
ward march. love of excitement, grasped their “Old Re-
_ It is true that at that time many arms of _ liables,’’ (whether Sharp’s, Remington, Bal-
inferior design and construction were to be lard, Winchester, Colt’s or Smith and Wesson
had, but the Frontiersman, always a prac- doesn’t matter), with the utmost confidence
_tical man, was one quick to discriminate, in the arms with which they were armed,
and while occasionally an arm might find its proving, as they had always proved, “Old
way into his possession that, when weighed _ Reliables’’ in every respect.

46

GUNS AND AMMUNITION 47

But, in those days, there were more than
savages to be met with in the but little more
than half-civilized West, with which the law-
abiding citizen had often to contend, and
at which times nothing less than the very
best in fire arms would bring him through ;
and these were the bad men of various sorts
such as hold-ups, cattle rustlers, gamblers,
greasers and others. Had there been less
—much less, in fact—of the brain-muddling
whiskey ; less of the gambling ; less of that
class of petticoat-wearers that essayed the
lowest possible with many men that essayed
still lower, there is nothing more certain
than that there would have been far less
tragedy to record in the Old West than there
was. But we cannot write of what might
have been, what easily could have been,
and what every sane man will agree should
have been, but of what has been ; and in
recording what has been, tragedy will have
to be met with though one of the most in-
teresting phases of the subject—most in-
teresting to me, at least—concerns the arms
of the old frontier days, often, though we
deplore the fact, used for taking human life,
in many instances perfectly justifiably, while
in other instances nothing less than murder
pure and simple could be the verdict of any,
however prejudiced.

But let us consider the one thing that
interests all of us more than the use of the
fire arms of the frontier days, either on sav-
ages or bad men, and that relates to the
arms used in hunting the game that was to
be found in abundance throughout the great-
er portion of the West. To-day we some-
times see the statement in print that the
most powerful of the American rifles are
none too severe on such game as the fast
diminishing deer ; and to-day we have rifles
easily within reach of any man possessing
greater range and energy than anything in
use in the frontier days. If this is true—
that is, that the most powerful of American
rifles are none too powerful for deer—it at
once becomes interesting to know how the
hunter of frontier days managed to xill—
practically exterminate, it finally proved—
the mulions of buffalo that swarmed over
the prairies? How about the elk? How
about the grizzly? Where there is one
grizzly to-day there were scores forty years
ago—and the hunter of that day had_ no
mighty .405 Winchester, which some to-day
say is none too powerful for deer. There
was no ’06 Springfield then, and no one
at that time dreamed of the forthcoming
Newton rifles to use cartridges of over 3000
f. s. and unsurpassed striking energy! How,
then, I repeat, did the hunters of the good
old days account for such game as the buf-
falo, the elk, the moose and the grizzly?
Ask one of the hunters of that period now
living and he will tell you that there were
Sharps, Remingtons, Ballards and Win-
chesters, as well as a few other rifles of less
renown, well adapted for such game. Scoff
at him for expressing such an opinion and
the chances are that you would have to
choose between shedding your coat or run-
ning a foot race.

If you do not goad him into a _ hostile
mood, one of the old-timers I have in mind,

will tell you of the deadly work of the old
.45-120-550 Sharp’s Buffalo Gun that weigh-
ed from 12 to 18 pounds, and with whch
the game was often killed at far greater
ranges than the average hunter of to-day
would think of shooting with his most power-
ful modern high power rifle. Another would
dwell upon the exceptional merits of the
long range ‘Rolling Block’? Remington, or
the later Remington-Hepburn, as_ the big
game rifles of that period and, in his opin-
ion, based on his border-day experience, ‘he
hunting rifles of any time. A third would
draw the most fascinating picture of the
old double-set trigger Ballard Pacific rifle
that weighed from 10% to 12 pounds—the
only breech-loading rifle that I know of
with cleaning rod under the barrel, evidently
patterned after the best (in outline, I mean)
of the muzzle loaders which it, at a casual
glance, closely resembles. Ask a fourth and
the merits of the ‘Old Centennial’? Win-
chester will be unfolded to your bewildered
gaze. This he will tell you was the first
really powerful repeating rifle placed on
the American market. He will speak in
glowing terms of its speed, range, accuracy
and reliability in the same breath. Hint
that it was too heavy, too long, or that it
was ugly as compared to later models and
you have made an enemy for life.

Insinuate that the Sharp’s, Remingtons,
Ballards or “Old Centennials” were deficient
in power for big game shooting and you will
have abundant proof immediately offered to
prove that your contention is all wrong.
The hundreds of instances that will be cited
where such game as buffalo, elk, grizzlies, and
other large game have been killed instantly
at a single shot per head with these arms
will be placed before you ; and such evidence
you simply cannot ignore.

Ask a fifth hunter of the ’70’s and °80’s
what he thinks of the old .44-40 model 1873
Winchester as a frontiersman’s rifle! If he
happens to be a rapid fire specialist, he will
tell you that he used that arm for years
on the frontier and that he would have no
other. We all know that there are far bet-
ter rifles for big game, but even those who
ridicule both gun and user, will readily ad-
mit that the old °73 Winchester account-
ed for more game on the frontier than any
other rifle of its day, not to mention in-
numerable good Indians.

What about the Henry rifle, parent of the
Winchester and the °66 Winchester using
the .44 Rim Fire Henry cartridge, and the
Spencer? And what kind of revolvers were
to be had back there fifty or sixty years
ago; and what particular part did they
play in helping to ‘shove the frontier off
the map?”

Before attempting to answer, permit me
to say that there are thousands of men,
many of them born before my time, and
many since, who are far better qualified
to discuss this matter than myself, but as
these men are backward in coming forward
with their opinions, I have decided to con-
sider the old arms of the period I have men-
tioned, hoping that this will lead others to
give us additional information on the arms
that I shall write about ; also, let us hope

48 } ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

that the men who helped to shove the fron-
tier off the map with the aid of these arms,
will give us their experiences with them on
the game that was to be found in such abun-
dance in the West in the early days.

The best of the arms in use on the Fron-
tier of the time I have mentioned, had so
many strong points that one is tempted to
want to consider them all in the same breath.
For various reasons, however, I have decided
to write of the Colt arms first, though Rem-
ington rifles—muzzle loaders, of course—
were made something like forty years, I
believe, before Col. Colt brought out his
revolving fire arms. But the arms of which
I shall write will date from a time far later
than that, no arms being considered made
previous to Colt’s, which were invented about
1830, patented 1835 but, according to best
information available, not perfected until
ten years later, or 1845. It’s true that the
Colt arms were manufactured as early as
1836, used against the Seminole Indians
in Florida (1837—39) where the value of
the repeating system was clearly demon-
strated, but, according to the best informa-
tion I have the Colt revolver practically
reached its highest perfection about 1845.
I am speaking, of course, of the cap-and-
ball Colt. Changes and improvements of
minor importance were made as late as 1850
and perhaps later, in the cap-and-ball Colts,
but, I believe, the Colt’s revolvers made as
early as 1845 had embodied in their con-
struction practically all the essentials that
were required for an arm of that type not
using metallic cartridges.

Col. Colt had the entire arm to puzzle out,
we are often found wondering how he de-
vised as perfect a weapon as could be found
in the Colt revolver of the Civil War period
and for several years before.

While the early Colts were made in various
calibres, such as .31, .36 and .44, the latter
size will be the only one considered here as
it was the one that figured the most prom-
inently on the frontier and consequently the
one in which we are the most interested.
The revolvers of the type used in the Mexican
war, were of .44 calibre, had nine inch bar-
rels, cylinders 2% inches long, entire length
15% inches, the complete revolver weigh-
ing 44% pounds. Some gun that!

For the benefit of those whose experience
with revolvers has been limited to revolvers
of more modern coinage—in other words,
to the metallic cartridge revolvers—it will
be necessary to explain somewhat in detail
concerning the method of loading a cap-and-
ball Colt. But first it will be well to men-
tion that the cylinders of these revolvers
were different from the metallic cartridges
revolvers of later date. The cylinders were
loaded from the muzzle end, instead of from
the breech, the last operation in loading
being the capping of each nipple, one for
each of the six chambers.

Paper cartridges which greatly facilitated
loading were to be had, but as these were
used almost exclusively in the army we will
only mention the manner of loading mostly
employed by the average man. It was
the custom of some to charge but one cham-
ber at a time with powder, then insert the

-

Top illustration shows a powder-and-ball Colt’s while the revolver at the lower portion of the cut is a
Single Action Colt’s adapted to fixed ammunition. These are two Revolvers used by the James Bros.

Many who may read this will likely never
have seen a cap-and-ball revolver of any kind
and for their benefit a brief description
will be given, though to those of us whose
revolver shooting began with one of them
such matter will prove anything but in-
teresting. To those who have made a study
of the revolver, the whole machine seems
as plain as A B C, but when we consider that

bullet, and so on, until the six chambers
were loaded; but others found it better,
and from my experience with these arms I
think they were right, to charge all cham-
bers with powder first, after which the bullets
were seated by use of the ram-rod con-
veniently located under the barrel which
afforded ample power for readily seating the
bullets within the chambers.

GUNS AND AMMUNITION 49

These arms were made to use either con-
ical or round bullet, but as my experience
with them was confined entirely to the latter,
I will confine my remarks, so far as loading is
concerned, entirely to it. To load the muz-
zle was held pointing skywards. The ham-
mer was placed at half-cock to permit re-
volving of cylinder. With powder flask,
a chamber was charged, then the cylinder
was revolved the one sixth of a revolution
and the next chamber charged, and this
continued until all six chambers had been
loaded with powder. A greased cloth patch
of proper size was now placed over the end of
a chamber, the bullet placed on the patch, the

Spe

The Father of the Revolving Pistol—Colonel Samuel Colt.

cylinder revolved until the bullet came direct-
ly under the plunger which, by aid of the
leverage afforded by the ram-rod forced
_the bullet firmly down the chamber into
the powder charge. The rammer was return-
ed to its place, patch and bullet placed
on next chamber, cylinder revolved one sixth
of a revolution, ram-rod again brought into
play and the process continued until all six
chambers were loaded. The arm was then
reversed, a cap placed on a nipple,—or tube
as it was generally called,—the cylinder re-
volved until the next tube came opposite
the groove in side of frame made expressly
to facilitate capping, the second cap placed
on the tube, this continuing until all six
chambers had been capped. All told the
cylinder had made three complete revolu-
tions in the process of loading the six cham-

bers! To those who have used nothing
but the modern revolvers using metallic
cartridges, the operation of loading a cap-
and-ball revolver must necessarily appear
very slow, and decidedly complicated ; but
it was not—that is once one had learned
to do the work properly. After the cylinder
was loaded, the hammer was lowered and
allowed to rest between the nipples on a
square-shaped piece of steel especially left
in between the tubes for that purpose ;
and, when so carried, the arm was as safe
as any arm of that period, or of any other,
for that matter, yet when wanted, as read-
ily brought into action as any arm.

And these powder-and-ball Colts
were accurate shooting revolvers,
and when used with maximum pow-
der charges and conical bullets of
standard weight, powerful as well.
This last statement will be a sur-
prise to many, but permit me to
quote from a report of an Army
Board of 1858 in which one of
the 77-inch .44 muzzle loading
Colt’s was tested for penetration
at a distance of 30 yards. Seven-
and-one-half, one-inch pine boards,
one-and-one-quarter inches apart,
were penetrated. Test out some
of the modern revolvers and see
how much~ they exceed this with
standard charges of to-day.

Recently I had the pleasure of
handling a Colt belonging to a
triend, which was patented in 1850.
For a powder-and-ball revolver I
found much to admire in it and
practically nothing of vital im-
portance to condemn. Here was a
revolver that had seen the hardest
kind of use, and judging from its
appearance, the rankest kind of
abuse, yet it worked perfectly ; the
cylinder locked as_ solid ®as any
revolver I have ever handled (and
hundreds would not include them)—
in fact I will make it stronger than
that ; it was the most rigidly locked
cylinder I have ever seen on any re-
volver. When the cylinder bolt was
in place cylinder and barrel seemed
like a single piece of steel; and this
condition prevailed at any one of
the six chambers at which one might
test it. And this revolver was made over
60 years ago!

Simply because the early Colt’s were made
so long ago it will at once be assumed that
they were clumsy, not properly balanced,
or ugly in the extreme. Barring the four-
and-a-half-pound Colt’s referred to, I know
of no one-hand arm that balances better,
has a better grip, is more readily manipulat-
ed, or that comes more naturally on the
target than the powder-and-ball Colt’s of
the Civil War period. In fact, it 1s my
honest conviction that nine-tenths of the
modern revolvers would be greatly im-
proved if the original Colt grip and hammer
spurs were closely copied. And I am not
alone in holding to this opinion.

The number of army officers,
frontiersmen, hunters, Indian scouts,

soldiers,
trap-

50 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

pers, settlers, and others who used and swore
by the old cap-and-ball:Colt would run into
the tens of thousands. They are out of date now
due to the appearance ‘of}the metallic cart-

i To Be

ridges, but, in their day, there were no more
reliable arms than the old Colt’s, none more
generally used nor any that gave more gen-
eral satisfaction.

CONTINUED

THE .25-35 SAVAGE FOR WOODCHUCK

By H. G. F.

HAVE read with much interest the re-
I marks of the various contributors to
this magazine upon the subject of the
proper rifle for that most fascinating form
of sport known to the small-game hunter—
the shooting of the woodchuck with the rifle.

The writer has used all the principal
calibres for this purpose and this includes
the .25-20, .32-20, .38-40, as well as the .30-
30 and .32 Special. To-day I use nothing but
the .25-35 Savage for this ‘“‘game”’ and find
that it does the work effectively. I thor-
oughly agree with Lieut. Whelen as to the
merits of this calibre for all-around ‘varmint
shooting’ although I am not ready to agree
with him that the only suitable rifle handling
this cartridge should be of the heavy single
shot type. On the range, the Schuetzen
gun is fhe arm ; in the hunting field such
a rifle is so much dead weight to my way
of thinking. The only disadvantage to be
found with the Model 1899 Savage action,
lies in the fact that this model cannot be
cleaned from the breech, though in this re-
spect it is no better and no worse than all
American lever action rifles of the solid
frame type. I get around this undesirable
feature as best I can and always use nothing
but a hickory cleaning rod instead of a rod
of steel or brass. I use the ammonia clean-
ing solution recently mentioned in_ these
columns and until using this agent never
knew what a ridiculously easy operation
the cleaning of a rifle using jacketed bullets,
really was. A couple of flannel patches
soaked in the ammonia and drawn through
the bore up and down until they come through
absolutely clean, and these followed by dry
patches until no trace of the ammonia is
left in the bore, simple as rolling off a log,
and if the rifle is thoroughly greased in the
bore and action after a day’s shooting and
the cleaning operation repeated the next
day for the mere sake of being sure of every-
thing, why there is no reason why the barrel
should not last from ten to fifteen thousand
rounds using ammunition of Savage manu-
facture. Be it known that this company
loads the .25-35 with nitrocellulose powder
and in this respect they have slipped one
over certain other factories in this move.

I: started to write about my .25-35 as
a woodchuck rifle. Well my gun is fitted
with Lyman nae sight No. 301% used with
a small ivory bead front sight. In the
middle I use a Lyman leaf sight and this is
certainly useful for shooting in the late even-
ing or early morning. The gun has 26-inch
round barrel and is fitted with pistol grip
stock with steel shotgun butt-plate.

A ‘chuck sitting up at a distance of one
hundred and fifty yards is my meat, pro-
vided I hold right. The 117-grain metal
jacketed, soft point bullet makes an ugly
wound too and I would be more inclined
to use this load than the 86-grain bullet
used by the Lieutenant in his .25-35 fixed
up by a gunsmith. True the velocity with
his loading is greater, but I am willing to
swear by the heavier bullet at a slower velo-
city than a light 86-grain bullet going at the
velocity Lieut. Whelen estimates he secures.
Now, mind that I am not saying that Lieut.
Whelen has not an ideal woodchuck and
coyote rifle as I believe he has, but I am
simply saying that for the woodchuck as
I have found him, I would be inclined to
use the .25-35 shell as loaded commercially.
I certainly would like to see how the .25-35
mentioned in that October article acts on
hitting a ‘‘chuck’’; I wonder if it does the
.250-3000 Savage process on a somewhat
smaller scale? The longest range at which
I have killed a woodchuck with my Savage
and factory ammunition, so far is one hun-
dred and sixty-four paced yards and the big
fellow dropped with barely a kick. I have
been much interested in the controversy
as to the merits or demerits of the regular
.22-calibre rim fire cartridge of woodchuck.
I want to say that no one but a person abso-
lutely devoid of heart will use this calibre
on any game larger than a chipmunk, and
we have all read what Lieut. Townsend
Whelen has had to say on this matter in
the October issue wherein he quotes another
authority on this subject. Of course in
those days the hollow point .22 Long Rifle
cartridge was still unknown, but even with
this improvement the .22 Long Rifle is not
a game getter and should not be used on
‘varmints.’

I saw a woodchuck once shot through the
heart with a hollow point .2? bullet in the
Long Rifle size and that *chuck made its
hole. When dug out by a small boy aided
by an excitably digging dog, the woodchuck
was not yet dead and the canine finished
him. The distance at which this *chuck
was shot would be, I should say, about
thirty yards. The twenty-two rim-fire not
only does not possess the necessary area of
cross section by which to impart a shocking
effect to flesh, but has not sufficient velocity
and energy to accomplish much more than
a knife-like thrust. As mentioned by a
former contributor to these pages, a .22
High Power Savage is a superior woodchuck
rifle if one is going to stick to this calibre.
but-in my estimation the .25-35 does the

. ae

GUNS AND AMMUNITION Sk

work just as satisfactorly, certainly with
less mess and throwing-over-the-landscape.

The .25-35 does not metal foul in such a
manner as to build up the lands. Cleaning
with the ammonia always results in the first
three or four flannel patches coming out
a dark blue color owing to the action of the
ammonia on the cupro-nickel fouling which
takes the form of an almost invisible coating
over portions of the bore. There is absolute-
ly none of that lumpy metallic fouling, the

bane of the ultra-high velocity rifle bug.
I would very much like to know if the .25-35
of the Lieutenant’s gives any trouble from
this source.

In closing I want to repeat that it was
not my intention in writing any of the above
to condemn in any way the choice of the
writer of those two excellent and instructive
articles in the October and November issues
on small game rifles, as to a gun for use upon
the crafty and elusive woodchuck.

THE HAINES-WOODS .30-30 WIN-
CHESTER CARBINE

By F. Baa.

WAS. exceedingly interested in the article

by Mr. Ashley A. Haines in the April

number of Rod and Gun on the subject
of a stock .30-30 Model 1894 carbine which
went through the whittling process in an
effort to reduce the carrying weight of the
little arm. Judgmg from Mr. Haines’ re-
marks and interesting description of the
work I would say that he has succeeded in
working out his ideal in a pretty satisfactory
manner.

I have for many years looked upon the
deer rifle subject in the same light as does
Mr. Haines and have for many hunting sea-
sons carried nothing heftier than a carbine
of the make and model described by Haines
excepting that my gun has not undergone
the reduction-in-weight process and is fitted
with a Lyman windgauge receiver sight
instead of the open sights used on the Haines-
Woods carbine. My carbine has no rear
sight slot in the barrel and is fitted with a
small Sheard gold bead front sight. It is
also minus the staple in the receiver. It is
a splendid deer rifle so far as actual killing
power is concerned though in some respects
this model is open to criticism. I was very
glad indeed to note that Mr. Haines does
not care for the model 1894 as well as the
models 1886 and 1892. This is my own
opinion and I cling to the ’94 carbine for
the same reason that Mr. Haines sees fit
not to do so—-simply because this model handles
a cartridge which appears to be amply power-
ful for deer. In method of breech-locking
this model is not in the same class as the
°86 and °92 models of this make and is far
behind the splendid ’99 Savage action. For
a sportsman who uses nothing but factory-
loaded ammunition in say the .30-30 calibre
no difficulty will be encountered but it is
when we attempt to use reloaded ammuni-
tion in that 794 that we strike a snag though
in this connection it is well to state that this
trouble is really common to all rifles of the
lever type whose breech bolts are not rigidly
locked at the instant of firing and but few
lever actions can qualify in this respect.
The shells of fired cartridges will be found
to have stretched to such an extent length-

wise that using these same sheils over again
in the arm will result in nothing but trouble
to the shooter from the fired and stretched
shells sticking in the chamber. Also after
several thousand rounds of cartridges have
been fired from the model 1894 it will
be noticed that the action fails to breech up
tightly as at first. This is not as it should
be and is a nuisance never encountered by
users of bolt action rifles. When the time
comes that the lever action rifle of all makes
have a system of locking the breech bolt
close up to the head of the cartridges and not
away back to the rear of the bolt as at present
the bolt action will fall back to second place
in the hearts of many of the now bolt ac-
tion enthusiasts, for it is only by merit of
its rigid system of breech locking that the
bolt gun excells the lever. In actual strength
and by this I mean just what this term would
be at once taken to imply—ultimate strength
or capability to ‘hold together’ under stren-
uous pressures the lever gun equals the bolt.
The mere springing back of the breech bolt
at the instant of discharge does not neces-
sarily denote any lack of strength of the
action but only shows a breech bolt locked
to the rear to be guilty of this slight stretch-
ing at each and every discharge and a per-
manent ‘stretch’ after the gun has spat out a
few thousand rounds of full charge ammuni-
tion. The man behind the gun _ seldom
suffers from these ‘stretching parties’ the
tales of woe of many bolt action cranks
notwithstanding.

But to return to the Haines-Woods car-
bine. Mr. Haines’ little gun as it stands
to-day probably takes the record for down-
right lack of avoirdipois and just here is
where I want to put a question to the author
of that article and ii is just this: Will
not the recoil of that cerbine using the fac-
tory full charge ammunition be quite severe?
I woud look for quite a healthy kick from
a carbine weighing only five and one-half
pounds and using the .30-3U cartridge. I
know that my carbine hits the scales to
the regular weight of the stock .30-50 model

-1894 Winchester carbine when the gun is

ordered without the staple and ring in the

52 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

receiver, and fitted with a steel shotgun
butt-plate instead of the regular carbine
butt. My gun has almost too much recoil
to be pleasant and in this connection will
say that when this arm was first ordered
it was equipped with a Lyman tang sight
2A but after firing forty rounds from the
little sawed-off critter I raffled off the tang
sight and procured a receiver Lyman. No
danger now of getting a punch in the eye
from a hasty throwing of the gun to the
shoulder or from what is far more likely,
the force of the recoil slamming the stem
back into my eye.

Mr. Woods’ method of weight reduction by
hollowing out the stock of the carbine is the
same employed by the Savage people in
the case of their featherweight models, and
certainly helps considerably. The only ob-
jection to this feature is that a hollowed-out
stock is not nearly so strong and able to
withstand hard knocks as the standard stock
which is all there. I well remember read-
ing an account in Outdoor Life some time
ago where a Western sportsman on a moun-
tain-lion hunting expedition on horseback
in a good lion country had the misfortune
to have the stock of his .22 Hi-Power Savage
broken by an unexpected lunge of his horse.
Investigation showed that the gun stock had
been jammed against a rock with disastrous
results to the stock. In my opinion_ this
is a point where strength cannot well be
sacrificed.

The trigger pull of the carbine would
be all that one would desire. Under no
circumstances is a trigger pull of less than
three pounds desirable in an arm to be
used for hunting solely. In fact many
of the finest target shots use trigger pulls
for their most exacting range work of about
four pounds. Of course there are times
when an extremely light let-off is desirable,
but the continued use of the set-trigger
has a decided tendency to cause gunshyness
on the part of the shooter. I am inclined
to believe that the use of Bulls Eye powder
in the rifle is the cause of many corroded
and ruined barrels. Perhaps the fact that
this particular carbine barrel is only in “fair
second-hand order’ leads Mr. Haines to
use a buck shot in front of B. E., but I am
sure that this practice is not to be generall
recommended. Mr. Haines, I am sure, will
agree with me in this. Bulls Eye is essen-
tially a revolver powder and used in such
arms is capable of the finest resulls, but it
should not be used in the longer barreled guns.

In closing I want to repeat that Mr. Haines’
article was of great interest to me. I have
long looked upon the carbine as the deer
rifle and it pleases the writer greatly to know
that still another sportsman thinks as I do
in this matter. I certainly trust that Mr.
Haines will contribute again to this magazine
and let us carbine men have some further
details as to the little sawed-off Haines-
Woods .30-30.

FUN WITH THE STEVENS “TIP-UP”
22 GALIBRE PISTOL

By C. T. Yonge

N the spring of 1912 the writer became
I the owner of one of the well-known Stev-
ens ‘“‘Tip-Up”’ .22-calibre pistols adapted

to the Short rim-fire cartridge of this size.-

Ignever invested two and one-half plunks
to better advantage to my way of think-
ing, and with this little pistol I have spent
many a pleasant hour shooting at the target,
ranges varying from fifteen to twenty-five
paces. ;
The pistol is extremely accurate, taking
into consideration the short barrel (3144
inches) and the light weight (8 ounces) and
I am reasonably sure of hitting a playing
card at any of the abovejdistances. There

Stevens ‘‘Tip-Up” .22 Calibre Pistol

is absolutely no recoil to speak of. I use
only .Remington-UMC_ .22 Shorts loaded
with Lesmok powder and solid ball. I have
not used this pistol on any game except stray
sparrows but the manner in which the little
birds tumbled to the ground from the tree
boughs at the call of the little Stevens was
certainly unique in its way. At ten paces
sitting, I can place nearly every shot in a
square one by one inch and I must be in
bad fix when the gun tails to ring the bell
at the home range I have made in my base-
ment at the other ranges.

This is a very old model of pistol having
Heen on sale if I remember correctly for some
thirty or thirty-five years. Old timers
will be able to perhaps tell us exactly
when this pistol first appeared. I am
of the opinion that the early eighties
marked the first appearance of the
little arm and it sprang into instant
popularity among those who appreci-
ated the neat in pocket weapons.

I would like to hear from others
through the columns of this most in-
teresting department as to the merits
of@this little Stevens .22-calibre
“Tip-Up” pocket pistol as a target
gun at short ranges and a ‘fun-
maker.’

‘of his race.’

.

a
ol
iu

AMERICAN AND CANADIAN GAM

je)

A SYMPOSIUM ON MATTERS
REGARDING CONSERVATION

Se)

OQa==16)

Gg

BIRDS, EXTINCT AND PASSING

Reginald Gourlay

NE of the saddest and most humiliat-
ing reflections to the true sportsman,
and to the educated man with the na-

tural instincts of humanity which most
educated men have, (if we except the vivi-
sectionists of our colleges), are those which
come over him when he thinks of the wanton,
wicked, wasteful way in which we in North
America have dealt with our magnificent
heritage of wild animals and birds found
when we white men began to occupy this
continent. There is no doubt that we have
awakened to our reckless, criminal conduct
in this respect at last,—too late alas, to save
some splendid species, such as the bison
among quadrupeds,—and the passenger pig-
eon among birds,—perchance too late, for
various reasons to save other valuable species,
but not too late, (if prompt and proper meas-
ures be taken) to preserve for posterity many
kinds of splendid game birds, who are cer-
tainly doomed if the present state of things
is allowed to go on much longer.

I may deal with this large and most import-
ani subject in future papers. The present
one deals with game birds which are cer-
tainly extinct or practically so,—entirely
through our own fault and folly.

First among these I will place various
splendid specimens of the swans and ducks.
First on this list I will place that most mag-
nificent of American game birds—the Trum-
peter Swan, (Olor Buccinator). This splen-
did bird is not yet actually extinct but I
fear there is but a faint hope of his escap-
ing his swiftly approaching doom. Mr.
Henshaw, chief of the U. S. Biological Sur-
vey, gives a fine picture of a Trumpeter
Swan,—under the heading, “‘One of the last
: This male bird visited the
Louisiana State Game Preserve in the winter
of 1914—15, and it is hoped that this valuable
sanctuary for wild fowl of all sorts, will at-
tract others. Mr. Henshaw in connection
with this picture, (published in the Geo-
graphic Magazine, August 1915) makes a
Significant remark, which I shall quote:

“The millinery trade has almost caused
the Trumpeter Swan to join the passenger
pigeon in oblivion.”

co

The other American swan,—the Hoop-
er’s, or Whistling swan, has not suffered
to the same extent, as it breeds further
north. Still, it too, has diminished greatly,
and must soon share the fate of its larger
relative,—unless swiftly protected by sanc-
tuaries, carefully guarded, and by strict
game laws, rigidly enforced.

I shall pass over the seven varieties of
American geese, and the two species of Brant
geese (the “Cackling Goose’’), and the true
Brant goose for the present ; since just now,
with the exception of the Emperor goose,
which was only found in the Aleutian Islands
in the vicinity of Berings Strait, and which
is properly an Asiatic bird, none of them
are quite extinct, though all are sadly dim-
inished from the immense multitudes that
flew over this continent fifty years ago.
In fact, this may be © said of all
American game birds, upland or water birds
resident or migratory. All want protec-
tion, some more some less. Some: species
I fear, it is too late to save ;—but many
can be for generations to come, by the exer-
cise of common sense, self-restraint, good
laws, and common ordinary humanity.

To return to the proper subject of this
paper, “Extinct or virtually extinct Am-
erican Game Birds,”’ I find among the ducks :

The Labrador Duck, whose range was a
restricted one, a probable reason for its
speedy disappearance from its range, which
was formerly the North Atlantic coast south
to New Jersey. Mr. Henshaw says of this
bird: ‘Years ago,—about 1850, it was by
no means uncommon in Fulton Market,
Boston, and no one at that time appears
to have suspected that, it was in any par-
ticular danger of extinction. This shows that
we should be doubly careful not to reduce
the numbers of any of our valuable game
birds beyond a certain danger line, beyond
which recovery seems impossible. Among
water fowl, the splendid Harlequin duck,
and our beautiful Wood duck, with several
other species, seem to be rapidly approach-
ing this danger line. Rapid and concerted
effort all over North America, alone can save
them. By the way, the Harlequin duck,

~

54 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

unlike all other ducks, breeds in mountain
solitudes dwelling in Swift Alpine streams.

Otherwise, his race would have been run
years ago. ;
As regards the wood duck which sum-

mers and winters in the United States and
Southern Canada, his fate is, in our hands.
The Federal Migratory law of the United
States provides a close season for the wood
duck till 1918. Canada- should follow this
example. Many sportsmen can remember
when this beautiful bird abounded in most
of the wooded sections of the United States
and Canada. Now, few, if any, remain.
I myself can remember, that not very long
ago they were abundant in the wood en-
veloped marshes of old Ontario, even near
Hamilton, and were very plentiful in Prince
Edward County, Ont. Now, perhaps once
or twice in‘a season, the sportsman may per-
ceive a frightened pair of wood Ducks escap-
ing from some secluded pool in some dense
and seldom penetrated swamp.

As the proper scope of this article is ex-
tinct or practically extinct game birds, I shall

_leave for a future occasion consideration of
the various species of upland game _ birds
and water fowl who are in danger of extinc-
tion, who are decreasing and those who to
some extent are holding their own.

This is far too large a subject for a single
article, so I shall come at once to two well-
known birds that are decidedly extinct, the
Beerneer Pigeon, and the Esquimanx Cur-
ew.

The Passenger Pigeon.—Certainly no bird
in the world has been as much written about
disputed over, or has caused so much con-
troversy as this one, whose flocks, half a
life-time ago, covered the continent at mi-
gration times, with countless, seemingly,
inexhaustible millions, which was _ tolerably
abundant in Ontario and the northern and
middle states, as late as 1870 and 1872, and
which, after that date, suddenly became
extinct, so far as this continent is concerned
probably altogether extinct. In its prime
days, its numbers were never equalled by
any bird in the old world or new. Audubon
states that he rode through a winter roost-
ing place in Kentucky which was more than
forty miles long and three miles wide. As
Mr. Henshaw says, “‘the history of the pas-
senger pigeon reads like a romance, but one
tinged in every page with man’s cruelty,
rapacity and short-sightedness.”” Many caus-
es contributed to this almost incredible de-
struction of millions and millions of birds
in so short a_ period; the market hunters,
netting, by which hundreds, even thousands
of birds were secured at a time, and worst
of all the wholesale slaughter of pigeons in
their roosts, the taking of nests full of young
pigeons (squabs)*in multitudes for market,
and other species of wanton and. wicked
destruction, that contributed to the ex-
tinction of this beautiful and valuable bird.
People used to come from far and wide to
a pigeon roast, and camp there. Great fires
were lit, for these carnivals of slaughter
took place mostly at night. The dead young
birds (squabs) wefe taken away literally in
waggon and carloads. The old killed birds
were generally trampled under foot.

Altogether, the “passing of the passenger
pigeon” formed an instructive example of
democratic shortsightedness, and illegal pop-
ular cruelly which it is to be hoped we may
profit by. It is said that passenger pigeons
were seen by explorers in the almost un-
known regions of the Upper Amazon and
Rio Negro in Brazil, but I can’t youch for
this. Colonel Roosevelt, who explored that
mysterious part incognita some time ago,
makes no mention of having seen or heard
of them ; which he certainly would have
done had he met any, or had such informa-
tion reached him. Often of late years, re-
ports have come of passenger pigeons being
seen in various parts of the United States
and Canada. In every case the birds seen
turned out to be either the Band-tailed
Pigeon, (a fine large bird of the Pacific
Coast, which does not even bear a close
resemblance to the passenger pigeon, hav-
ing a broad tail with a band across the lower
portion, while the passenger pigeon’s tail is
long and pointed), the mourning dove, or
the Arizona dove. In four cases which came
under my own observation, the specimens
were all Arizona doves, which are quite small
birds.

No, though the passenger pigeon may exist
in South America, he is quite extinct so far
as this Northern Continent is concerned.
As regards the band-tailed pigeon, though
they are said to breed in Arizona and in
the Guadahipe Mountains, Texas, and else-
where every month in the year nearly, they
are shot by thousands by the summer camp-
ers, who care little for the limits of a close
season. It is high time to take active meas-
ures for the band-tail’s preservation, or he
will soon share the fate of the passenger
pigeon. e-

We now come to another absolutely ex-
tinct bird, not long ago very abundant in
his chosen habitat Labrador and west to
the Mackenzie River. He wintered in Ar-
gentina and Patagonia, South America. This
bird is the Esquimaux Curlew.

The Esquimaux Curlew.—This bird’s rapid
extinction is another instance of how a
game bird, apparently numerous enough
to defy his enemies and fate, can be suddenly
swept off the face of the earth. “Forty
years ago,” says Mr. Henshaw, “as many
witnesses besides myself can testify, Esquim-
aux Curlews might often be found in the
markets of Boston and New York.” Audu-
bon speaking of his experience in Labrador
in 1833, likened the numbers of this Curlew
to the flocks of passenger pigeons ; and as
late as 1860 Packard noted a flock in Labra-
dor, which was over a mile long, and perhaps
a mile broad. The fishermen of Labrador
and Newfoundland salted them down by
the barret for winter use. “Because of its
uncommon fatness and the excellence of its
meat, this Curlew was generally known
in New England as the “dough bird.” These
fine and valuable qualities, as is sometimes
the case with other beings than game birds,
were the chief cause of its destruction. A
few specimens may survive, but it has pass- ~
ed the ‘“‘danger line,’ and is practically ex-
tinct. The scope of this article will only
permit me to indicate a few other valuable

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 59

LEZ
SON

Nianen Syst Z systet_Z,
Ss SSE,

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mileage, has something substantial behind it.
The best dealers in Auto Supplies throughout Canada, recommend and

56 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

ame birds which are at or near this “danger
ine,’ and who, with proper laws, and proper
precautions, may yet be saved.

First among these is the splendid Heath
Hen, once as common and abundant in the
Eastern and Middle States as the Prairie
Chicken was in the Western. The Prairie
Chicken is another beautiful and_ useful
Grouse which is fast, approaching the dan-
ger line beyond which is extinction. Prompt
measures, the first of which should be a long
and well enforced close season, may perhaps
restore the Prairie Chicken. I fear nothing
can do this for the Heath Hen or Heath
Grouse. Martha’s Vineyard, off the coast
of Massachusetts, now holds the last pitiful
remnants of this fine bird, which under the
close protection of the state, has increased
from a few couples to about two hundred.

The “Sage Hen,’ the largest of all the
Grouse family except the “Blue Grouse,”
ranges the Sage brush plains from middle
British Columbia to New Mexico, and is far
too stupid and tame not to need looking
after speedily, if he is to survive.

f the several species of ‘“‘Quail’’ exist-
ing in North America the beautiful moun-
tain Quail of California is the only one that
seems to be in any present danger of ex-
tinction. In fact, these beautiful little game
birds, so dear to the sportsman, and so use-
ful to the farmer, only need an adequate
amount of protection, from the United Stat-
es and Canadian governments, to be with
us in fair numbers for many generations.

I have no space to enumerate the various
species of game birds which require speedy
and adequate protection. Speaking broad-
ly, all American game birds require more
protection in a greater or less degree. Amon
the birds that require it most are the Wil
Turkey, the Pinnated Grouse, and that most
interesting of all our game birds, the Wood
Cock. He, I fear, will be the hardest of
all to preserve, on account of his restricted
range, the utter impossibility of keeping
him in captivity or restraint of any kind,
which precludes rearing him artificially or
keeping him on reservations, in sanctuaries
as can be done with the turkey, the quail,
most of the grouse and the wild duck and
water fowl tribes, but even in his case, a
long close season (rigidly enforced, if that
can be done with any certainty) will work
wonders,—perhaps.

Both the United States and Canada have
done splendidly, (albeit somewhat late in
the day), in the way of these parks and sanc-
tuaries, but they will have to do a great
deal more, and they can do so without much
difficulty. The -wild turkey is an easier
bird to save from destruction than the Wood
Cock. Remember that the turkey, (our
domestic turkey) is even now only half
tamed. He still,, if there are any large
woods in the vicinity of the farm, which he
is “domesticated in,’,—makes a bee line for
them, and stays there if he can. The hen
turkey nests if she can in any out-of-the-way
cover, on the farm, or off the farm. ‘The
turkey prefers to roost in trees still, rather
than in the barn. In short, he is pretty
much like the Reservation Indian of whom
the agent plaintively said: “It took us

\

fifteen years and ten thousand dollars to
et the blanket off him ; and when he got
ome to his tribe, it took him about fifteen
seconds to get it on.” Years ago, when
the government unwisely permitted it I
shot gemuine wild turkeys in the great hard-
wood forests back in Lambton County, in
the townships of Dawn, Sombra and Zone,
and from there north-east. Thanks to the
‘Turkey reserve” at Long Point, Lake Erie,
the wise measures of the Canadian govern-
ment, and their constant reinforcement by
domesticated turkeys run wild from the
settlers’ farms, the wild turkey is as plenti-
ful there as he was when I visited his last
haunts in Canada, and when we were actually
permitted to shoot two male birds,—if we
could. He will last there as long as his
forests last—no longer. The experiment of
introducing the wild turkey into Rondeau
Park, where the climatic conditions suit him
might be tried with advantage, as far as
Ontario Canada is concerned. In the United
States, especially in the south and south-
west, the task is far more easy.

The Pinnated Grouse, or Prairie Chicken.—
On account of his fondness for open country
and the vicinity of the farms and ranches in
the western and mid-western parts of the
United States and Canada, this splendid
member of the grouse family, once and quite
lately incredibly abundant, west of the Al-
leghanies, and in the great Prairie Provinces
of North West Canada, is wearing away,
like snow in a thaw. Nothing but a long,
close season, ten years at least, can possibly
save him.

I might go on to enumerate other species
of American Game Birds, who are on, or
near the danger line, but to what purpose?
I trust I have said enough on that score.
Now it behooves true sportsmen to look
for the remedies, (so far as possible) for this
state of things. The general consensus of
opinion among sportsmen in the United
States and Canada,—so far as I can judge,
seems to be as follows :

1. That there should be an international
Game Law between the United States and
Canada with the object of establishing identi-
cal close seasons for the birds, either upland
game, or wild fowl, which are found in both
countries. This is especially needed in the
border states of America and Provinces of
Canada. -

2. The absolute prohibition of the sale of
any game bird or the spring shooting of an
game bird whatsoever for an indefinite period.

3. The providing of additional sanctuaries
and parks where game birds can increase
unmolested. Both countries have done well
in this way ; and immense good has been
effected in the refuges and parks already
set aside for that purpose, even to the ex-
tent of preserving from extinction some of
the rarer land and water game birds, but
a good many more are wanted. Moreover,
they must be real sanctuaries, adequately
guarded.

4. For this purpose, that game wardens
and guards be given sufficient power to en-
force the game laws, and sufficient salaries
paid to men who must ,as a sine qua non

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 57

ee

A Family of Fisherme

Fishing runs in some families. It ought to run in all families.
It is the most healthful and wholesome sport on earth. On
this page we take great pleasure ip showing a “Family of
Fishermen” of which there are 20 in the three families.

No. 1.—M. P. with a 10-lb. string of No, 3.—J.5. and B. C. witha 47-1b.
Brook and Lake Trout caught on string of Bass caught on “BRIS-
a “BRISTOL” Rod at Lake Placid TOL” Rods in Leech Lake Dis-
N.Y. trict, Minn.

: No. 4.—C, P. (Son of J.S.) and M.S.
No. 2.—B. C. with a creel of Brook (Son of K. C.) with a 7-lb. Lake
Trout weighing 16-lbs., caught on Trout caught on a “BRISTOL”
a “BRISTOL” Rod at Isle Royal. Rod at Isle Royal.

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and FREK CATALOGUE

THE HORTON MFG. CO.,
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at —
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(17 Market St.,
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O%
fe ee eS

58 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

understand their business, and be ‘beyond sus-
picion of graft.’

5. That for this purpose, political ap-
pointees be eliminated as much as possible,
and men who know their business substitut-
ed. Also that wardens and deputy wardens
be in no case natives of the county or dis-
trict that they have charge of. Moreover,
that every three years or so, they be trans-
ferred to other parts of the State or Province,
and some stranger from a distance take their
places. This will (without any reflection on

the integrity of the persons concerned), help

to eliminate political influence, and often
too, natural influences towards friendship
or favoritism, which may arise during a too
protracted term of office in the same place.

I find that I have now exceeded the limit:

I had set myself in this article on Extinct
and passing American Game Birds. So I
will close. :

I may say a few words on this fertile sub-
ject on some future occasion.

INCREASE OF GAME UNDER
PROTECTION

Bon.

citizens of Ontario into Game Protective

Associations to assist the government in
the enforcement of sound and sane conserva-
tion laws, it is most essential that some of us
outline a future to strive for. It is most
desirable to have an association in each
county and, ultimately, a sanctuary or two in
each county.

The rapidity with which wild game multi-

plies and spreads under absolute protection
is one of the wonders and delights of wild life
conservation. The facts in the case are
now so fully established, and demonstrable
by so many different exhibits, that very
few persons ever question the proposition.
A well-informed man would guite as quickly
question the value of rainfall as he would
deny the value of sanctuaries in bringing
back wild life.
- The only question regarding game _pre-
serves is: How can we make enough of
them without interference with other equally
important interests?

The State of Pennsylvania and the Pro-
vince of Manitoba have acquired the habit
of making large forest reserves and then
creating a hard-and- fast game sanctuary. in
the heart of each one, in which no hunting
ever is permitted. To this end, Manitoba
has given up about one-half of her four re-
served forests. Pennsylvania has made ten
forest reserves and ten game _ sanctuaries,
and it is planned by the State Commission
that eventually each county shall have one.
The sportsmen keenly aid and abet these
undertakings, because they know quite well
that all around those game sanctuaries there
will be excellent hunting, even where no
hunting existed before.

The birds respond to full protection with
marvelous celerity. A photograph made of
about two acres of ducks in the Wichita
(Oklahoma) National Bison Range in 1913,
by the photographer of the New York Zoo-
logical Society of which Mr. W. T. Hornaday
is manager, is an object lesson of tremendous
force. The photographs made in the winter
of 1914-15 in Ouray, Colorado, of a herd of

1 the organization of the sportsmen and

Kerr

wild mountain sheep eating hay, literally in
the heart of the town, is another good ex-
hibit and incidentally Colorado is very proud
of the great success that has rewarded her
efforts in the absolute protection of the big
horn.

The federal migratory bird law and the
laws against spring shooting and the sale of
game, are working wonders in bringing back
the big flocks of waterfowl that even five
years ago seemed doomed to annihilation.
We begin to believe, if we follow out this
system in the proper spirit, in Canada or
Ontario, that our sons and grandsons will
find some good shooting in their own country,
after all.

The status of big game is very different
from that of wild fowl, and it requires very
different treatment. The latter go far away
to remote wildernesses,
their young. The deer, elk and mountain
sheep as well as moose cannot do that. They
require areas that are absolutely safe for
them, in which no man ever can carry a rifle
or run a dog. Big game requires absolute
freedom from molestation and excitement
during its breeding season, and to that end
there is nothing like an inviolable preserve.
In protecting the resources of nature, the
strong arm of the federal government_in-
spires very great respect because John Bull
is notoriously no respector of persons.

The present is no time for postponements.
The organization of Game Protective Associa-
tions to protect these sanctuaries is absolute-
ly necessary. We can see no need for a
prolonged inquiry into wild life conditions
in this country. The sad facts are only
too well known already to every sportsman
in Canada. The great array of institutions,
legislators, newspapers, societies and promin-
ent individuals who have seriously enlisted,
and will enlist, in this enterprise is good
proof that the need for this plan exists, and
will persist until the plan is in operation.

The frequenters of our marshes, fields and
forests well and truly know the condition
of the remnant of wild life that still holds
on in these places. I believe every sports-

to hateh and rear —

————

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 59

man and citizen of this country will be earn-
estly in favor of this plan, because they will
see in it great possibilities for a new food

supply, and also the continuance of legitimate
~ sport.

Look at the “‘live-wires’” in Sudbury.
They have already organized and ‘‘mean
business.” Don’t be afraid to “squeal’’ be-
cause it will not | be long before ““Everybody
will be doing it.’

-

Protection for the Musk-Ox

Robes made from the skins of musk-oxen are
very valuable. As the musk-ox inhabits high
latitudes, it has a coat capable of withstanding
cold. At the base of its long, flowing hair is a
thick coat of wool, thus making a pelt which
is both beautiful and warm. Musk-oxen are
not plentiful and as they inhabit the desolate
barren lands of the north, the supply is very
limited.

The musk-ox is not difficult to kill, as it is
not dangerous and does not seek safety in
flight. If hunted with dogs, the herd will
stand at bay as with wolves, presenting an
invincible front of horns to their animal foes,
but an easy mark for the man witha gun. As
a result, musk-ox robes promise to become as
rare as buffalo robes to-day.

The question of protection of musk-ox is
an important one, in view of their diminishing
numbers, the ease with which they many be
shot and the high market value of their skins.
If it is not to be completely exterminated, the
Dominion Government must do as it has done
with the buffalo, namely, provide a reserve
within which musk-oxen will be absolutely
protected at all times. Such a reserve would
serve to maintain a nucleus herd, from which
the surrounding country could be stocked.

Musk-oxen form an important item in the
food and clothing supply of the Eskimos, and
we owe it to our northern people, who live in
a country where nature is niggard of her re-
sources, to see that they are not deprived of
necessaries that our wealthy classes may add

to their luxuries.

Fines of $50 and costs in each of three
charges or six months’ imprisonment were
imposed some-little time ago on
William Gainey, of Dill township, on
charges of illegally having in his possession
-earcasses and hides of deer and moose, con-
trary to the Game Act. The action is one of
Several which were prosecuted as a result
of the activities of the newly-formed ‘‘Fish
and Game Protective Association of the Dis-
‘trict of Sudbury.” Gainey pleaded guilty.

The Provincial Police raided Gainey’s
Shack and seized four quarters of moose,
one of deer, twenty hides and several
guns, hunting paraphernalia, etc. It was
ordered confiscated by the court.

_ Gainey has been ‘under observation for

some time and his case is one of the most
flagrant that have come before the authorities.
Records were seized to show that Gainey had
handled as much as 2500 pounds of moose
and deer meat, presumably for sale.

Jim Smith, wood cutter, was also fined $50
and costs or 60 days for having 60 pounds of
moose meat in his possession. A Marlin rifle
was also confiscated.

| SMS Sie Se

EARLY MORNING
AT CAMP.

It’s chilly in the early A.M.,
but a good cup of hot coffee
takes the shivers out of the™
spine. It takes the grouch out
and puts the holiday spirit in,
and the fish seem to know the
difference.

But it must be good coffee.
That is easy with

“CANADA FIRST’
Evaporated Milk

It enhances the flavor of coffee. It
is rich and creamy. It keéps perfectly
until opened and for several days after.
Knocking about doesn’t hurt it. It is
one of the Camper’s best friends.

Take **CANADA FIRST” with you.
YOUR DEALER KEEPS. ET.

Aylmer Condensed Milk Co., Limited
AYLMER CANADA

a SEESA See

GUNSt AND AMMUNITION:-- Continued
From Page 52

QUERIES AND ANSWERS

SPEEDING UP THE .303

Editor Guns and Ammunition: I am very
much interested in the Guns and Ammunition
columns in this magazine and think them
the best part of the magazine.

I see in the January issue, an article by Mr.
J. H. Reed in which he states that the .303
service cartridge can be speeded up to a velo-
city of nearly 2600 f. s. by the use of Du
Pont progressive powder. I would be very
much obliged to Mr. Reed or to any rifle-
man who would advise me through this
magazine as to the load that is used, also
the name of the powder. The discussion
between the .22 ‘Special’? and the .22 Long
Rifle still holds out I see. I am for the
Long Rifle as I think it ahead of the Special.

Wishing success to your columns, J remain,

Yours truly,
Moncton, N. B. Gore

Some Interesting .22-Calibre Talk.

Editor Guns and Ammunition: Before I
start, I want to say that I pay my dollar
and a half for your guns and ammunition
column and think it’s worth it too. All
the other good stuff in your magazine I
figure I get free, as a kind of extra.

I was very much interested in an article
appearing in your April number signed “‘Moss-
back”? Chatham, Ont., and am enclosing
you a stamped, addressed envelope and
write to know if-you could give me this
contributor’s address and name. Anything
said re the “‘.22” is always interesting to
me and of course doubly so when the con-
tributor lives in the same locality.

After quite a little experience in the mat-
ter, I quite agree with you that the only
remedy for a pitted or rusted barrel is a new
one, and [ doubt if there have been a hun-
dred twenty-two barrels worn out, of all
the thousands made. I recently sold a rifle
of mine—a model 12C Remington that had
fired over twenty-eight thousand rounds
actual count and that would still shoot stead-
ily into an inch circle at twenty-five yards
when I sold it. For myself, I think that it
is simply impossible to put too much time
or trouble on a .22 barrel.

The party who started the argument of
the accuracy of the .22 L. R. should have
known better. He had better go over the
scores of hundreds of expert riflemen, such
as T. K. Lee, during the past few years and
see what cartridge has been the most used
and has had the best success. I think he
will find that the L. R. is the answer. All
our most expert riflemen agree that the
accuracy of thesL. R. is wonderful.

I also agree with “F. G. H.” that for at
least all ordinary riflemen, the .22, except-
ing of course the high power, is away off
its range as a “chuck” gun. Mind, I do
not say that in the hands of a real expert,
and fitted with telecope sights that it will
not fetch home the bacon a good share of
the time, but unless a man can group his
shots consistently into a fifty cent piece,
and do it at any range at which he may shoot
at Mr. Chuck, he had better choose a cartridge

that will not lead to a slow and painful death.

The writer has fired many thousands of
rounds from the .22 but has on more than
one occasion laid down his .22 in favor ;of
the field glasses when within fifty yards of
a chuck rather than try a shot where a slight
error in ars might cripple the little
animal without killing him.

Although not having much time to spend
on the sport, and not in any way posing as
an expert on the subject, the writer has killed
more than fifty woodchucks in the last three
years at ranges from 30 to 170 yards usin
a .32-20 which seems to him to do the jo
in a thoroughly workmanlike manner. Of the
fifty-three chucks shot with this rifle not one
has required a second shot and not one has
had enough life in him to kick himself down
the hole, although many of them were shot
while in the entrance to the burrow and
slid down to the bend. All were dead before
the shooter reached them. None of these,
however, had been shot further back thar
three inches back of the shoulder.

I surely agree with “F. G. H.” that a
woodchuck can’t be killed too dead and don’t
think that any rifle that will not kill quickly
should be used.

While on the subject, the writer would
like to mention a black woodchuck that he
caught. It was a youne one, about eight
inches long, and was as black as the black-
est squirrel. If there is anything blacker
than that, why it was that black too. I
thought that I could raise the little fellow
as he was not hurt at all, being caught in
my hands at the door of a chuck den, but
in spite of all I could do the little fellow died.
I would like to know if he would have grown
up into a pure black woodchuck ; can you
tell me?

I haven’t seen the .22 Remington Auto
mentioned much in this magazine. The
writer has owned and used one of these for
over a year and has had a good opportunity
to try it out on squirrel and rabbit, and
thinks that it is the best gun made for one
who hunts all the smaller game excepting
the game birds with arifle. It seems to have
a much greater punch than the Long Rifle,
and has never failed to function. Equipped
with. peep rear and a good front sight it makes
a mighty fast weapon and is accurate enough
for all excepting those crackerjacks who
can hold so hard that they can tell when
a bullet is an inch or so out at a hundred,
and maybe even they can’t hold so hard
for a string of shots at a rabbit when he’s
doing his darndest to kick himself into the
next county.

For myself, I never use anything but a
repeater or automatic for squirrel or rabbit.
Never mind how many I get. I miss a
good many of them, I know, even when I
repeat and get a string of shots off—but I
get a few of them too, and when I stop a
squirrel or rabbit when he’s on the run, I
never feel ashamed to go and pick him up.

Of course the Remington .22 auto should
not be bought for a target rifle. It’s not the
right build, and the bullet is not7as accurate

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

61

Oo Oe

[J

Le |

The Trophy-Winning
Shot Shell

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Canuck

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box is your guarantee of satisfaction and the best in shot shells
and metallic cartridge. All good dealers sell Canadian-made
Dominion Ammunition.

Dominion Hand Trap
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62 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

as the Long Rifle, but for a person who is
not too much of a crank and buys the little
gun as I did for shooting at small game and
objects thrown in the air, or any other kind
of snapshooting, the little rifle pretty near
fills the bill.

When I started this letter, I thought it
might possibly get into print, but it has
developed into such a long drawn-out affair
that I can hardly presume upon the editor’s
good nature to that extent. Should you
see fit to cut it down and print any of it,
you are at liberty to make use of it.
" Thanking you for the many pleasures
brought by Rod and Gun, I am,

Yours truly,

Chatham, Ont. Be Hi:

(I have your good letter of the 10th inst.
and agree with you as to the desirability
of the .22 Long Rifle as a strictly target arm.
As to any superior killing power in the .22
“Special” or W. R. F. would say that I have
never discovered any sufficient excess of
power in this latter calibre for use upon
small game to warrant the laying aside of
the .22 Long Rifle in its favor. Any addi-
tional killing power which the .22 “‘Special”
may possess ‘on paper’ is scarcely noticeable
in the woodchuck country. Strictly speak-
ing neither the .22 Long Rifle nor the “‘Spe-

cial” of the same calibre are suitable small
game killers in our estimation. A .25-20
or .25-35 loaded as described by Lieut.

Whelen in the October and November issues
of this magazine, or your .32-20 loaded in
such a manner as to develop all the energy of
which the arm is capable, ts a much superior
all-around ‘‘varmint rifle’ especially so when
the arm is to be chiefly used upon the rodent
known variously as ““woodchuck”’ or ‘“‘ground-
hog’ depending upon whether he is found in
Eastern Canada or the New England states.

As to accuracy, the .22 Long Rifle needs
no recommendation. It has pushed its way
to the front against all comers and is to-day
used in all the matches open to arms of this
calibre to the almost total exclusion of all
other rim fire calibres.

I am enclosing ‘“‘Mossback’s’”’ address and
am sure that he will be pleased to hear from
you on the gun subject.—Editor).

Changing The Sights Of A Rifle.

Editor Guns and Ammunition: Can you
give me the address of any reliable house
or person in Ontario to whom I could ship a
rifle to have the sights changed? A reply
would oblige very much,

Yours truly,
Little Current, Ont. H.

(In reply to your recent enquiry asking
as to where your rifle could be shipped in
order to have the sights changed, would
say that I know of no firms undertaking
such work with the exception of certain
sporting goods firms which sometimes ad-
just sights for their customers. My advice
would be for you to ship the rifle back to
the manufacturers, who will without doubt
handle the job to your satisfaction. It
strikes me however, that you could do this
little job-yourself without any great difficulty

provided you have in mind the simple sub-
stitution of target sights in place of the
standard factory sights. From your letter
I cannot tell just what sights you wish to
have placed on your rifle, but am inclined
to believe that you could mount such sights
as you desire without any great difficulty,
or as a last resort send the arm to the manu-
facturers for the purpose.—Editor).

The Choice of a Rifle Again.

Editor Guns and Ammunition: As this is
my first year’s subscription to Rod and Gun
I shall begin with looking for information.
Would you kindly answer the following in
this magazine? What would be a good all-
around rifle for big game such as_bears,
wolves, also for small game? I would also
like to know where I can get wire fencing
for fur farming.

Yours truly,
Rostock, Ont. C.

(The chances are that a rifle of the .30-30
class would fill the bill in your case satis-
factorily and this would mean a rifle such
as a .30-30 or .33 Marlin, a .30, .32 or .35
Remington rimless either trombone or auto-
loading, or a .30-30 or .303 Savage. A .303
Ross might also fill your demands although
this calibre is out of the .30-30 class and
possesses much greater killing power than
any of the above mentioned rifles. Much
information has been handed out on this
interesting subject in back numbers of this
magazine and you can do no better than
to refer to these numbers. The .30-30 vs.
Larger Bore controversy has about worn
itself out, but we are still inclined to think
that for a man who is not a gun crank in
every sense of the word and as such equal
to the task of keeping an arm of the high
intensity type in the condition such a rifle
must be kept to insure both the accuracy of
the arm and the safety of the user, a medium
high intensity rifle like the .30-30 is ‘plenty
‘nuff gun’ upon which to lavish the care
usually accorded the average high power
rifle at the hands of the average shooter.

Although out of my department entirely,
would say that The Cowan Hardware Co.
of London, Ont. handles the wire fencing
which you desire.—Editor).

A Special 12-Gauge Trap Gun.

Editor Guns and Ammunition: Can you
advise me where I can purchase a trap gun,
a 12-gauge double, the barrels of which are -
up and down, that is one barrel above the
other? I shot at clays with this gun at the
Stanley Gun Club, Toronto, last fall but
have forgotten the make of gun. I shall
appreciate this information.

Yours truly,

Crafton, Pa. R.

We do not believe that a 12-gauge trap
gun such as you describe is regularly manu-
factured by any of our American manufac-
turers. The gun which you saw in Toronto
was very likely made by one of the several
private gun makers in the States, or yet
again it may have been manufactured abroad
where such guns are occasionally met with.

| ROD AND GUN IN CANADA ' 63

[thacag: Ve

For Guns

‘°3 in One”’ Oil Has No Equal

for oiling trigger, lock, every action part. Does
not dry out quickly like heavier oils, gum, harden

or collect dust no matter how long gun stands.
**3in One’”’ cleans out the residue of burnt powder
(black or smokeless) after shooting, leaving the
barrel cleanand shiny. It actually penetrates
the pores of the metal, forming a delicate per-
manent protecting coat that is absolutely = -
impervious to water or weather. Nc acid.
Free A test willtell. Write for sample
bottle. 3IN1 OIL COMPANY _ 3
55 New St., New York, N.Y:

ZN i Gun Clubs Is your trap in proper

QUICK, SNAPPY PULL

* A chain is no stronger than its we sak-

est link.

The quick.eye, active brain, respons-

ive finger, quick, snappy trigger pull,

fast lock and quick Joad form a chain

of action if one link is weak the

chain is faulty.

© If you are using a gun with a slow,
creepy trigger pull and a slow lock—

E two links in the chainare weak Why

' not pass the “old timer’’ along and

t

t

;

S

shape for the coming sea-

f)

! son? I can supply you
Attention! with parts, etc. See that
your carrier is right with

| good rubbers and your scores will be right, by using Can-
adian Blackbird Targets. - - Manufactured by

j NELSON LONG, 441 MARY ST., HAMILTON, ONT

geta down to date Ithaca with a light-

ning lock and a quick, snappy pull.

| “ We figure the speed of our lock will in
crease your score at least 5 per cent

q L arge cate ae F ete UBD guns

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TORONTO - - CANADA

Magnificiently Furnished. Liberally Conducted.
Cuisine unexcelled. Courteous and Prompt Service.
European Plan. American Plen.

ITHACA GUN CO ‘ ~~
. ff SAMUEL H. T , Propri
ee ij ITHACA, N.Y. . EL H HOMPSON, Proprietor

| We Make to Order Guns |

Ranging in Price from $41.50 to $450

No specifications in the gun line are too of experience in making guns for the fore-
exacting for our consideration. We invite most trap and game shots of the United
correspondence relative to special guns for States enables us to satisfy the most exact-
discriminating sportsmen. Our fifty years, ing gun user.

Write for free booklet
on 20 bore guns, of
which PARKER
BROS. are the

ploneer makers in
America.

Catalogue will be
sent on request.

PARKER BROS., Meriden, Conn.

N. Y. Salesrooms, 32 Warren St., New York City

| A. W. du Bray, Resident Agent, P.O. Box 102, San Francisco, Cal. ; |

64 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

Perhaps those of the Stanley Gun Club who
read your létter may come across with the
desired information, or at least help you to
locate the gun in question.—Editor).

The .22 Rim Fire For Him.

Editor Guns and Ammunition: Replying
to an article appearing in the April issue
and written by one signing himself ““F.; G. H.”
in which he condemns the use of .2?-calibre
rim fire ammunition for hunting woodchuck
and other game of this size, would say that
my experiences have led me to believe to
the contrary.

The .22 rim fire has been entirely satis-
factory im hunting these animals, in fact
I have killed larger animals with .22 shorts.
While in central New York a few years ago
I had no trouble in killing woodchucks at
distances ranging from thirty to fifty yards
when fairly hit and ‘“‘F. G. H.”’ admits that
they must be ‘fairly hit’ to be killed with a
.22. Hi-Power.

Since coming to Alberta I have killed
dead in their tracks at the first shot several
badgers and coyotes with .22 short hollow
point ammunition as well as with the regular
solid ball. This leads me to believe ‘that
a .22 rim fire can be used with deadly effect
on woodchucks and other game of that size
when in the hands of one capable of using
a rifle. For the past two years I have used
a .22-calibre Remington repeater and have
fired five thousand cartridges principally
at game, and the gun is practically as good
as ever. However in hunting coyotes and
other game of that size, I prefer the .30-30
as most of the time one must shoot at these
animals at ranges varying from one to two
hundred yards.

Yours truly,
Gleichen, Alta. eG Ac

(While as pointed out in our reply to
“E. H. D.” in this issue, we do not consider
the use of .22-calibre rifles of the rim fire
type on small game justified judging by the
record of these arms as killers on such anim-
als as woodchuck, still we are pleased to
publish your letter giving your opinion on
the question. We are averse to using arms
on even the smallest of game which cause
unnecessary suffering, and with due respect
to the wonderful accurate twenty-two cali-
bre rim fire rifle we believe that at ranges
which woodchucks are usually shot, it will
cripple oftener than it will kill outright, and
will permit the little rodent to escape bleed-
ing to its underground home more times
than it will secure the animal to the hunter
and drop it in its tracks.

Generally speaking the only spots of a
woodchuck in which a regular .22-calibre
bullet will produce instant death are the
heart and brain. How many-hunters have
the skill wherewith to place a- bullet with
anything approaching certainty in a circle
the diameter of which will cover the head
of a woodchuck ; shooting to be done under
hunting conditions which means shooting
at unknown distances and using the reg-
ular Long Rifle cartridge? To hit the animal
elsewhere means hours of suffering, and this
no true sportsman can tolerate. Such at

least, are our sentiments and we don’t care
a whoop if we are overly-scrupulous in these
matters.—Editor).

From A Practical Shooter.

Editor Guns and Ammunition: Permit an
old timer to step into print for once. I
am of the old school of shooters, a prac-
tical gun crank if you will and I have made
a study of rifles for many many years until
I sometimes feel as though I had learned all
there is to be learned out of the shooting
game, and this is just where I make my
biggest mistake. There is always some-
thing new to grasp hold of in the world of
firearms. In the old days of black powder
and lead bullets the principle involved was
a bullet measuring less than groove diameter
of the bore of the rifle. The high power
rifle came to us in Spanish-American war
days and we learned that for most accurate
results the metal jacketed bullets of the
high power arm (in those days velocities
of 2000 f. s. were considered ultra high),
should fit the bore of the rifle about gas
tight, that is the diameter of the jacketed
bullet should be approximately that of the
groove diameter of the rifle. In the old
days a thorough cleaning with oiled rags
was all the cleaning which the black powder
rifles required and certain of the sportsmen
of the seventies and eighties even used water
as a cleaning agent for the barrels their
rifles, followed up by a complete drying
with dry patches and then a thorough oiling
of the bore. Nowadays such a method of
cleaning is not to be thought of in the case
of the ultra or medium high velocity rifle,
and Rod and Gun has published several in-
structive accounts as to the correct method
of cleaning rifles using smokeless powder and
metal jacketed bullets.

All things taken into consideration, the
rifle manufacturers of to-day turn out rifles
equally good or better than the arms turn-
ed out abroad, the latter class of course
selling for the same price. If one wishes
to pay fancy prices for good American-
made rifles our factories can accommodate
him perfectly, and the engraving and carving
not to mention the checking of the wooden
portions of the rifle, will stand comparison
with work of this type done anywhere on
Mother Earth. It is absolutely unnecessary
to go abroad for quality in firearms when
we have at our elbow such rifles as the Sav-
age, Winchester, Marlin, Ross, Stevens and
Remington. All of these makes have points
of merit which I find in many cases lacking
in many of the highest priced foreign pro-
ducts.

There is a certain American contributor

- to outdoor magazines who has for man

years made a special point of knocking a

things in the gun and ammunition line Am-
erican, and sees no good in anything which
does not come from one or more of the many
centres of the gun industry across the pond.
This writer is well up in gun lore, he is an
interesting writer and he is well educated,
but in all the time he has been in the shoot-
ing game he has apparently failed to rec-
ognize the genuine worth of the many ex-
cellent models of rifles manufactured right

ROD AND.GUN IN CANADA 65

THE SMITH

THE GUN WITH A CONSCIENCE

Absolutely Never Shoots Loose

Prices $25.00 to $1,000 Net

ASK FOR OUR ART CATALOG

The Hunter Arms Co., Inc. 29 Hubbard St., Fulton, N. Y.

SILVER

He UR ita BULLETS

“VILL ine THE ‘“‘OLD COUNTRY”
and you get the WORLD’S BEST
GUN when you BUY A GREENER.

Greener Guns are made in the most
completely equipped Sporting Gun Factory
in the World by All-British labor under
the supervision of Sportsmen-Gunmakers,
who know by experience JUST WH AT YOU WANT-—Satisfaction
iS guaranteed. You get a gun with “life” in it, a w eapon you will
“Jove”? and hand down to your grandson as a “real killer’.

Don’t buy a piece of metal and wood, a ‘“‘courtesy”” gun built
by the mile and cut off by the yard—get a real gun—A Greener,
and get it NOW. ‘Empire’ $65.00. Others up to $1000.00.

CATALOGUE AND BOOKLET R.2 FREE.

W. W. Greener *°:,2izi7, Azs%e 22" Montreal, P.Q.

66 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

here on the continent and he goes abroad
for his ideal guns. That such a state of
things should exist is to be regretted, that
such a state of affairs does exist cannot be
denied, and the only way in which the reputa-
tion which the American rifle enjoys in the
eyes of this one sportsman (and [I am_hold-
ing this man up as an example simply be-
cause I know that he is strikingly repre-
sentative of thousands of other riflemen
in Canada and the United States) can be
changed for the better is by American manu-
facturers paying more strict attention to
(1) finish and (2) assembling. On specially
made rifles, that is rifles which have been
brought on from the factory on special order
and which embody certain ‘extras’ dear
to the heart of the rifle crank, special atten-
tion is sometimes paid to the interior finish
of the action ‘where things don’t show’, the
outside also is not neglected and the select-
ed walnut stock will be nicely fitted to the
tang and no uneven projections of wood
around butt-plate and the end of the frame.
In the common $15 sporting rifle, however,
the case is vastly different. The ordinary
sportsman is not a rifle crank and the fact
that his rifle has a ten pound trigger pull,
a plain varnished walnut stock with a grain
like that on a cigar box, and with a frame
the interior of which, if examined, would
disclose steel filimgs littered about and un-
polished parts galore, all these things and
many more do not deter him from paying
his fifteen dollars for his deer rifle and think-
ing that he has got value for his money at
that price. The real crank never buys the
stock rifle as it comes from the factory or the
dealers’ racks. I myself own at present
sixteen (16) rifles and out of this collection
not a single gun is fitted with the regular buck-
horn rear and brass blade front sights, nary
an arm has a trigger pull over four pounds,
and not a mother’s son of ’em have stocks
of other wood than the best selected Am-
erican walnut. I, too, feel as though I
have the best of the bargain or at least have
gotten good value.

To sum up the whole situation as it stands
to-day with reference to the standard Am-
erican sporting rifle, I will simply say that
when the time comes that the sportsmen
of America demand guns at a higher price
and of a finer finish, they will be accommo-
dated without a doubt by the manufacturers.
At present it is manifestly unfair to throw
mud at our so-called “‘unprogressive’” manu-
facturers. If a present-day shooter wishes
a Marlin, Savage, Stevens, Ross, Reming-
ton or Winchester built on lines which appeal
to his taste more than does the rifle of his
selection as it is turned out of the factory at
New Haven, Utica, Chicopee Falls, Quebec,
or Ilion respectively, any of these firearms
manufacturers will ‘build him a rifle with

a real pistol grip (notwithstanding the fact
that this certain American would have us
to believe that only foreign gun-makers
can deliver the goods in this respect), will
place engraving on the metal parts and
carving and checking on the wood, of a qual-
ity that will make many of these much-
praised foreign craftsmen turn green with
envy. Stocks of the finest American, Eng-
lish or Circassian walnut can be supplied by
the American rifle factories and fitted to
any of their arms. It is absolutely un-
necessary to go abroad for arms styled “De
Luxe” and such high-sounding names. I
do not hope to convince the gentle (?) critic
before-named ; this writer (and I want to
again state for the benefit of the readers
that I am only taking his case as_ being
typically representative of thousands of other
riflemen) has so long made it a point of knock-
ing everything ‘“‘made in America’ that
his stand in this matter has become almost
second nature to him, and first saw daylight
or rather print, away back in the dark ages
of the bolt action scrap in which Lieut. Whel-
en and this ‘critic’ were pitted against the
two staunch advocates of the lever gun—
Mr. Ashley A. Haines and Mr. Chas. New-
ton ; readers are referred to the tiles of Out-
door Life for 1910 and 1911 for the articles
by these gentlemen, also files of Arms &
The Man, published at Washington, D.C.
for these years. The scrap of the bolt vs.
the lever gun is now buried and Mr. New-
ton even is selling the type of gun which
he then denounced, and has eaten his words
with reference to the lever action rifle being
suitable for ammunition of high intensity.
We certainly learn as the time flies and new
conditions teach us that the principles which
we considered as correct five or more years
ago, are decidedly wrong when carried out
in practice five years later.

There is absolutely no reason why an
American-made rifle cannot be built by
the factory which makes it, which will have
the balance, appearance and fit of a sporter
Springfield. This, of course, provided the
rifleman is willing to pay the price.

In my thirty odd years of shooting with
all makes of rifles imaginable, I have used
practically every make of high power, low
power and black powder rifle. While I
am not ready to admit that the stock rifle
turned out by the thousand by our rifle
manufacturers and selling in the neighbor-
hood of $15 is the ideal rifle of the gun crank,
I will say positively that provided one is will-
ing to pay the price, rifles can be obtained
in America, which will equal in finish, dur-
ability and appearance any and all arms
usually obtained the ‘say’ for these features.

Yours truly,

Toledo, O. D. AA

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

| Efficiency Means High Speed

THIS is the day of high specd.
What gives the modern automobile its efficiency?
Its high speed, small bore motor.
And what gives the .250-3000 Savage, the modern
hunting rifle its efficiency? Its high speed, small
hore cartridge. é
The .250-3000 Savage gives a velocity of three
thousand feet per second to its vicious little soft nose.
Spitzer point bullet.
This speed drives this bullet so hard that it shoots
through half-inch steel at 100 yards, and it para-

.250-3000 Savage

lyzes the biggest, most dangerous animals in their
tracks. ; )

This speed drives this bullet so flat that you need
not raise your sight for 300 yards.
_ This speed drives th.s bullet so straigh! that the
rifle makes ten-shot “‘possibles’ at 800 yards.

And this speed reduces recoil to the van‘shing
point though the rifle weighs only seven pounds.

The beauty of outline and perfection of details
and finish of the .250-300 Savage must be seer to
be appreciated.

SAVAGE ARMS COMPANY, 546 Savage Avenue, UTICA, N.Y.

WRITE US FOR PARTICULARS
Manufacturers of High Power and Small Calibre Sporting Rifles; Automatic Pistols and Ammunition.

NEWTON HIGH POWER RIFLES

HIGHEST VELOCITY RIFLES IN THE WORLD. A new bolt action rifle, Ameri-
can made from butt plate to muzzle. Calibers .22 to .35. Velocity 3100 fs. Price $40.00,
Newton straight line hand reloading tools. Send stamp for descriptive circular,

NEWTON ARMS CO., Inc., 506 Mutual Life Building, BUFFALO, N. Y.

NEWFOUNDLAND

A Paradise for the Camper and Angler

A Country of Fish and Game. Ideal Canoe Trip

The country traversed by the Reid Newfoundland Company’s system is exceedingly rich in all kinds of fish
and game. All along the route of the Railway are streams famous for their SALMON and TROUT fishing.
Also Caribou barrens. Americans who have been fishing and hunting in Newfoundland say there is no other
country in the world in which so good fishing and hunting can be secured and with such ease as in Newfound-
land. Information together with Illustrated Booklet and Folder cheerfully forwarded upon application to

J.W.N. JOHNSTONE, General Passenger Agent, Reid Newfoundland Company, ST. JOHN’S, NEWFOUNDLAND

‘*Try one ANT RAC
Se "We stand
absolute TRADE MARK REGISTERED
guarantee COATED LINEN back.ot
of the it. A
makers.”’ LA RS a

Have shown the greatest improvements of any collars offered to the trade since 1879. The
slit over the re-inforced button-hole, prevents the button pressing on. the neck, and allows
freedom in adjusting tic. The Flexible Tabs prevent breaking at the front fold. Worn by
sportsmen, automobile owners, merchants, mechanics, railway employees, and in fact, by every-
body. Sold by the best dealers in every city. MADE IN CANADA, dy

THE PARSONS & PARSONS CANADIAN CO. HAMILTON, CANADA

NEW AMENDMENTS TO ONTARIO

GAME

The following new amendments have been
made to the Ontario Game and Fisheries Act:

The term non-resident is to be interpreted
as meaning any person domiciled in the
Province for a period of less than six months.

Non-residents are prohibited from taking,
hunting, killing, wounding or destroying any
animal or bird or carrying or using a gun for
such purpose except under authority of a
license.

No person is permitted to hunt or trap fur
bearing animals except under the authority
of a license, but this regulation is not meant
to apply to farmers or farmers’ sons trapping
on their own lands.

No grouse, prairie fowl or partridge may be
hunted taken or killed before the 15th day of
October 1918.
ft Hares may be taken by any means at any
time between the 15th day of October and the
15th day of November and between the 23rd
day of December and the 2nd day of January
following, and may be taken at any other
time by any other means than shooting.

No muskrat may be hunted, taken or killed
or had in possession of any person in that part
of the Province lying south of the French and
Mattawa rivers except from the Ist day of
March to the 21st day of April and in that part
of the Province lying north of the French and
Mattawa rivers from the Ist day of April to
the 21st day of May.

No person who has taken or killed any bird
organimal suitable for food shall allow the
flesh thereof to be destroyed or spoilt and no
person who has killed or taken a fur bearing
animal shall allow the skin to be destroyed or
spoilt.

No person is to set out more than one flock
of decoys and no flock of decoys shall consist
of more than 50 and no two. flocks shall be
placed nearer each other than 100 yards.

The purchase or sale of wild ducks, wild
geese or other water fowl is prohibited.

The Minister may grant a permit to any
person to take game or fur bearing animals
during the close season for propagating or
scientific purposes.

He may also grant a permit to the Super-
intendent of Rondeau Provincial Park to take
game animals or birds within the Park at any

RY E al. ae
\W/ Su Ze ] aoe
- Wal od =a a ae

LAWS

time for the purpose of thinning or for stock-
ing or scientific purposes.

The Minister may issue permits not incon-
sistent with any law of the Dominion of
Canada authorizing the exportation from the
Province at any time of any game whether
alive or dead.

A resident of Ontario must have a license
to hunt and trap fur bearing animals, the fee
for such license being $5.

The open season for moose deer or caribou
throughout that part of Ontario lying north
of the main line of the Canadian Pacific
Railway from Mattawa to the Manitoba
boundary and that part of Ontario lying south
of the Canadian Pacific Railway from the
City of Port Arthur to the Manitoba boundary
is now from the 1st of November to the 30th of
November.

The open season for woodcock is amended
to read from 15th October to 15th day of
November, both days inclusive.

Quail and black and grey squirrels, except
where the season is made close by order-in-
council covering certain counties, may be
killed 1rom the Ist of November to the 15th
of the same month.

Swans and geese may be killed from the
15th of September to the 30th of April. \

Capercailzie may not be killed before the
15th of September, 1920.

Nomuskrat can beshot orsnared at any time.

No person shall hunt, kill, wilfully chase or
put to flight any wild ducks or other water
fowl that are more than 200 yards from the
shore or natural rush bed thick enough to
conceal a boat or from a water line bounding
private property.

No eggs of any game bird shall be taken, de-
stroyed or had in possession at any time by
any person except such persons as may have
a permit from the Minister to engage in the
business of propagating game birds.

The above include the greater number ot
the amendments made at the recent session
and mark a step forward in the right direction.
Particularly should the law prohibiting the
sale of wild ducks, geese and water fowl prove
of benefit to these forms of wild life by eli-
minating the shooting of game birds for
commercial purposes. e

BERT een ee
_ —F Is ax; x A SINAC ZN) ny Za “LAA ‘) a We Z Li
LSS AN Gs I 14 Alla W As | CZs

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA eee

Ga A
2 % i mp 155 ( ) il “| | i

(Cine < :

ail
SY Manthey ay
A True Story

of
Ross Rifle Luck

Three moose, five caribou, four
mountain sheep, and six mountain
goats.—The Ross .280 was the weapon
that dropped this splendid bag. A
prominent Milwaukee sportsman was
the lucky man.

Goal?

hi

-We are reporting the success of
this hunt, since it gives a fair idea of
the results you could obtain by using
a Ross .280 when on your next hunt-
ing trip.

The Ross .303 Sporting Models
while not quite as powerful as the
.280 embody the same principles of
design and construction as the Ross
Military Rifle and fully share its ac- #
curacy and reliability. S,

The Ross .22 or Cadet Rifle isa .
splendid rifle to learn with, it is sim- ¢&
ple, accurate, uses the cheapest ns ee
ammunition, and is powerful enough
for use on St small game. It retails
at only $12

At Best Dealers Everywhere.

ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE MAILED ON REQUEST.

Ross Rifle Co., Quebec, Canada

THE QUESTION OF REGISTERING -
HUNTERS AND FISHERMEN

OR some months past the Secretary of
F the Canadian Forestry Association has

been gathering data regarding the
feasibility of ‘registering’ sportsmen. ‘The
object of the inquiries sént to all parts of
Canada was to ascertain the views of repre-
sentative persons and institutions. A few of
the replies are given herewith and others will
be published in succeeding issues.

That some means might be found to keep
record of sportsmen, particularly fishermen,
entering certain forested districts during the
season of highest fire risk was the suggestion
made in the Secretary’s form of inquiry. It
was further asked whether it would be prac-
ticable to secure the names, and_ probable
routes to be followed at the time the sports-
men took out his license, the information to be
forwarded immediately by the license issuer,
either to a central authority at the provincial
capital or direct to a supervisor in the territory
most concerned. It was not suggested that
an entire province could be blanketed by such
requirement but that sections might be tried
out. If the idea was at all practicable, a well-
organized body of rangers could certainly ob-
tain valuable information from the system in
regard to travellers within their patrols, and
could likely eliminate some of the fire risk
that annually arises from careless fishermen
and hunters.

From Dr. Judson F. Clark, Vancover,
B.C.: “I see no objection to this, if it can be
carried out without any considerable expense.
Viewing it from the local standpoint I do not
see how it can be made effective on the B.C.
Coast without a very considerable expenditure
but perhaps there would be some way of hand-
ling it which has not occurred to me.”

A. J. Parr, General Freight and Passenger
Agent, T. and N. O. Railway, North Bay:
“Our thoughts are that this registration would
be a decided step in the right direction and see
no objections whatever to it.”

Edward Beck, Managing Editor, Winnipeg
Telegram: “‘I know of no reason why such
representation should not be made to the
Provincial Governments as planned.”

Arthur O. Wheeler, Director, The Alpine
Club of Canada: “‘I consider that the idea is
an excellent one and I cannot see any reason
why it should not he carried out as you suggest.

As you say, the very fact of registration is
bound to have a deterrent effect and make the
man in charge of parties much more likely to
be careful, as he would feel directly responsible
to the authorities.

It seems to me, however, that there might
be some difficulty in registering people and
parties who were making the one-day trips
and also in registering parties who started

from points that were not at or near regis-
tration centres; but, even if a few were missed
in this way it would have a beneficial effect by

‘keeping track of the majority.

7

70

I am of the opinion that persons, like my-
self, who move around frequently and at
many different points in the mountains, should
be created honorary or temporary fire war-
dens, so that they would be in a position to
make inquiries of parties whom they met
travelling, as to whether they held the proper
registration certificate.

On general lines I very strongly approve of
the idea, and shall be very willing to do all in
my power to assist it.”

The Camp Fire Club of America (New
York): ‘“‘Your letter of December 7th, in
relation to the registration of tourists, fisher-
men, hunters, prospectors and other itinerants
who make occasional use of the forests, was
presented last night at the meeting of the
Committee on Conservation of the Camp-Fire
Club of America and was generally discussed.

The consensus of opinion was that such
registration would be of benefit in preventing
forest fires, and might well be put in practice
if it can be accomplished without subjecting
such itinerants to awkward delays in effecting
registration, without requiring too close
adhesion to an indicated route, and without
throwing too much expense on the provincial
governments.

Personal experiences in Algonquin Park
indicated that under the conditions which
prevail there such registration can be effected
easily so far as the tourist is concerned, with-
out great expense to the government, and with
a redsonable degree of effectiveness because
there is little occasion for departure from
expected routes.

On the other hand, personal. experiences
suggested the difficulties in the way of deter-
mining with certainty the routes of hunting
parties, for it was recalled that it frequently
happens that the expected route of a hunting
party is changed at the last moment, and per-
haps after the party has actually entered the
bush, because of information gleaned by the
retained guide with regard to the presence or
absence of game. This brought out two
suggestions, one that the licensing of guides
and the turning in by such licensed guides of
information as to the probable routes of their
parties, and others who expect to visit lands
without licensed guides might be required to
obtain permits to build fires on wild lands and
to indicate their expected routes in the
application. In the State of Maine, for ex-
ample, the building of fires on wild lands by
non-residents, other than licensed guides, is
prohibited. This, however, often works hard-
ship to the fisherman or hunter who, in the
experience of those present, is quite as likely
to be careful about fires as the average licensed
guide.

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

Discriminate

Select your tires as you

select your wearing apparel.
Every little added to popular price means
a great deal more added to the wearing

quality.

Marathons are hand-made, of the best

materials known, wrapped-tread and

unit-cured—adding greatly to their
manufacturing cost.

Their small price difference over popu-
lar-priced tires is repaid many times over

in actual service.

Made in all types and sizes, in either the Regular Fabric Body or the Elas-
tic Whip-Cord. Both styles are definitely guaranteed 5,000 miles.
The Regular Fabric tire is equipped with a Snow-White Tread and the
Elastic Whip-Cord with the aristocratic Black Tread.
Marathon Extra- Heavy Red Tubes and Accessories are
carried by all Marathon Dealers.

The Marathon Tire and Rubber Co..
Limited
Factory and General Offices: St. Catharines,
Ont. Toronto Sales Office: 608 Yonge St.

Bis p ‘

HOW THE DOMINION PARKS MAN.
AGEMENT COMBATS FOREST FIRE

A COMPLETE SYSTEM OF FIRE WARNING APPLIED
TO TOURISTS, SPORTSMEN, ETC.—THE
PRINCIPLE OF AFFIRMATION

J. B. Harkin

HE Forestry Committee of the Conser-
vation Commission last year called
attention to the desirability of remov-
ing inflammable material in the woods on
government lands outside of the railway right
of way. We have made a beginning at this
work. For a portion of the past summer we
had a camp of interned prisoners doing road
work in Rocky Mountain Park. The road
parallelled the C.P.R., and while road con-
struction went on we also cleared the dead and
fallen timber outside the right of way as
suggested by the Committee. I may add that
the proposition so appealed to us _ that
we also applied it to the road the aliens
were building, clearing out the dead and
fallen material for 50 feet on each side of the
road and at the same time trimming the green
trees to aheight of 5 to 6 feet'above the ground.
We have devoted a good deal of attention
to a fire prevention campaign. For practical
purposes there are only two kinds of fires—
man-caused and those resulting from lightning.
The latter we cannot prevent but in regard to
the former there does not appear to be any
good reason why a great deal cannot be ac-
complished. I do not admit that one fire in
10,000 is started maliciously. Practically all
are caused through ignorance and careless-
ness. It is the old story, “I didn’t know it
was loaded.” The obvious course to follow
then is to endeavor to educate every man who
may by any chance go through the woods to
Sunred against.doing anything which may start
a fire.

People have been educated to recognize the
necessity of pure air; people have been educat-
ed to suffer the isolation of their loved ones in
cases of contagious disease. Surely there is no
reason why they should not also be educated
to be careful in regard to forest fires.

The Force of Affirmation.

I think those who have studied the psycho-
logy of it, agree that men are influenced most
by affirmation and reiteration. If a state-
ment is affirmed vigorously enough and re-
iterated often enough practically all men
finally accept it. There is no better vindi-
cation of this fact than the methods and the
success of patent medicine men. You all
know how they affirm and reiterate. Just
think of the influence their campaign has on
every one of us. There is scarcely a man
present, I will venture to affirm, who talking
ordinarily with contempt for patent med-
icines, has not on occasions when he found
himself pale or out of sorts, gone to a drug-
store and purchased some remedy that he has

seen blazoned in the newspapers and on the
bill boards as being good for pale people. It
is simply a case of the efficacy of affirmation
and reiteration.

I spent some time ten years ago on a
prairie ranch in a dry season and I may say
that the affirmation and the reiteration on the
ranch regarding care with fire rapidly de-
veloped in me a habit of carefully extinguish-
ing matches and cigars which persists to-day
as strongly as-it did then. I automatically
extinguish matches and cigars. The habit is
such that I really do the act without any
conscious thought. ;

Match Box Warnings.

As practically all fires originate in the final
analysis from matches we decided it would be
good policy to reach the people who use match-
es by having a fire warning notice put on the
match boxes. All the match companies in
Canada: The Eddy Company, Hull; the Cana-
dian Match Co., of Drummondville, Que.;
the Dominion Match Co., of Deseronto Ont.;
the Eureka Match Company of Halifax, very
promptly acted on our suggestion and the
result is that every person who uses matches
is bombarded by the affirmation and reiter-
ation of the fact that he should save the forest
by being careful to extinguish burning matches.
There is also a notation that the notice is
printed at the request of the Dominion Gov-
ernment. This, I believe, gives additional
weight to the warning and at the same time
constitutes a recognition on the part of the
Government that the Company is co-operat-
ing with the Government in an important
campaign. I should add that the match
companies made the necessary label changes
entirely at their own expense.

Warning Sportsmen. :

We recognized that large numbets of
people annually go hunting in the woods and
that it was desirable to specially educate
them in regard to fire. So we asked the
Dominion Cartridge Co., and the Remington
Arms-Union Metallic Co.—the two large
ammunition companies of Canada to insert a
fire notice in their shell boxes. As in the case
of the matches the reply was favorable and
the result is that today every box of shells.
issued by these companies contains an effec-
tive fire notice. No hunter can get away
from the warning. Every time he opens a
box of shells he finds a warning to be careful
in regard to fire. The warning is thus given
at the psychological moment. Moreover, the
warning is worded to show him that as a hunt-

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74 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

er he has a real personal interest in helping
protect the forest.

Nolice in Tents.

Not only hunters but also many others go
into the woods and camp in tents so we
decided tents would be a good medium of
education. The result is that nearly all the
tents manufactured in Canada to-day have
a fire-warning notice sewn into them. Every
time a man awakens inthe morning this warn-
ing is staring him in the face. Every time he
enters the tent the notice reiterates the fact
that he must be careful in regard to fire.

Nolices on Axes.

The next person we thought might cause
forest fires was the man who works in the
woods with an axe. We offered to supply a
firm label to the Walters Axe Company of
Hull and the Company very promptly agreed
to stick them on their axes. The label con-
tains a picture of a forest fire and the following
legend:

‘*No work for the Axeman

If the forests are destroyed by fire,—save
them by extinguishing completely camp-fires,
cigar, cigarette butts and live ashes of pipes.”

Telephone Books.

The co-operation of the Bell Telephone
Company was also enlisted in the educational
campaign. It was felt that many of the
people who have to consult a telephone di-
rectory at some time or other go into the
woods and that conspicuous fire warning
notice in the directories of the Bell Company
would help impress upon them the lesson of
carefulness with fire. The Bell Company
very generously placed at our disposal gratis
half a page of their directories.

The work already outlined although started
to benefit parks primarily related to fire
education in general but the educational cam-
paign was also carried on in other ways with
special reference to the parks.

The tourist and the railway are the two
sources of danger in the parks. The ma-
chinery developed by Mr. Clyde Leavitt, of
the Conservation Commission for dealing
with railway-caused fires is so effective that
the railway fire now is no longer the thread-
suspended sword that it used to be. More-
over, while developing our educational cam-
paign it occurred to us we might help a little
by making an appeal to the railway-men who

cause the fires—the man on the engines—
consequently we arranged with the C.P.R. and
the G.T.P. for the posting of a card in the
cab of every engine operating through the

parks. 7

Nolices to Passengers.

To reach the tourist we naturally sought the
co-operation of the railway companies. The
first step taken was to ask the companies to
post fire notices in their coaches and to print
notices on the time cards and on their dining-
car menu cards. All the railways responded
promptly. No doubt these various notices
are now familiar to all of you. To further
emphasize the warning, arrangements were
made with the C.P.R. hotel department that a
suitable fire warning notice should be printed
in the menu cards of all the Company’s hotels
in. the parks. In addition we printed an
attractive card notice and had one hung in
every guest room in every hotel in the parks.

Practically all visitors to the parks do a
good deal of driving or horseback riding.
Consequently we had two types of attractive
metal fire notices prepared; one was attached
to the reins of all livery saddle ponies in such
a position that the rider could not grasp the
reins without noticing it, the other was at-
tached to the dashboard and the backs of
seats of all livery rigs in order that every one
driving would have the notice constantly
before him.

Of course in addition to .these various
schemes we also followed the usual practice
of having poster notices distributed on all
roads and trails in the parks so that no one
could even walk around without learning the
gospel of fire protection. For this purpose
we used a special enamelled metal sheet in
several colors and bearing a picture of a forest
fire calculated to arrest attention.

Encircling the Tourist.

Thus you will see that with regard to the
tourist we carried out a pretty complete cam-
paign on the lines of assertion and reiteration.
We talked fire protection to him in the railway
time cards, in the railway coaches, in the
dining cars; at every meal at the hotel and
restaurant dining-rooms; in the moving
picture shows; we kept him in mind of it when
he was riding and driving or out walking on
the trails. We kept it before him when he
was writing letters home and we even followed
him to his bed-room with an appeal.

The Ontario Government is going into the
business of hatching commercial fish. Hon.
Finlay MacDiarmid aunouncéd some weeks
ago that tne Government had secured an ex-
cellent property at Normandale on Long
Point Bay, Lake Erie, where a hatchery would
be built. The location is particularly well
suited for hatchery purposes, a spring with a
sufficient flow of waier rising on the property
a short distance irom the bay. The hatchery
is expected to be in operation this Spring.

The Normandale natchery will be the first
venture of the Department of Game and
Fisheries in increasing the supply of commer-

_will suit them all is not easy to find.

cial fish.
diture.
Although Hon. Mr. Macdiarmid has for
some time had under consideration the es-
tablishment of a new game fish hatchery to
keep up the stock of fish in the rivers and
smaller lakes nothing definite has been done.
One oi the chief difficulties encountered. has
been the discovery of a location naturally
adapted for the propagation of game fish,
which, unlike commercial fish must be hatched
amid natural surroundings. Since various
species require different conditions, a spot that

It will not involve any large expen-

«

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

rr —

heSUMMERS from
A Land of May to October in

; Eastern Canada are
Re- Creation a
, probably as enjoyable

as those in the most

@ favoured part of the |

world that may be
chosen for comparison.

SEA-SHORE, FOREST AND STREAM

Sunny skies, delightful temperature,
invigorating air, combined with an
endless variety of picturesque beauty,
the Maritime Provinces are becoming
more and more what nature-evidently
intended they should. be--a land of
Re-Creation.

WRITE GENERAL PASSENGER DEPARTMENT:

CANADIAN GOVERNMENT RYS.

MONCTON, N.B., FOR 1916 PUBLICATIONS

SS uEEIEEEEERTIESEIDN IESanIT SEITEN INEGI EEG iEinenEEmGIeENENEEISem=omn nice non

Minin inn ot

Basic

SOME MUSKRAT FACTS

By S.C 0.,ane@-). aie

N spite of repeated statements to the con-
I trary it is an interesting fact, that although

many districts are becoming more popu-
lated and farmers are making greater use of
the land close to the rivers and swamps, it
has little or no effect on the available supply
of muskrat. The natural haunt of this furry
creature lies among the rank vegetation of
the swamps. In the tall top grasses he
makes his home. _ Timid though he is, he does
not hide his abode away from the sight of
man. Shaped like the dome of some lofty
cathedral, it is built with an upper and lower
room, each having an exit near the roof.
These houses are built in the autumn and
serve as a shelter during the severe winter
months. Naturally the muskrat chooses the
lonely spots among the marshes and as near as
possible to deep water which will not freeze,
for unlike the squirrel, he hunts his food daily
throughout the winter. Long before the
end of November he has donned his heavy
winter overcoat and is thorouzhly prepared
for the extreme cold of the following months.

Until December he enjoys comparative
safety, but at the beginning of that month
along come the traps. His solitude is in-
vaded by the enemy of all furry creatures—
man. The Indians know the value of his
pelt to the furriers and also the worth of his
flesh*as food. e

Manitoba has probably many more natural
and extensive breeding grounds for the musk-
rat than any other province. If you take
the train from Portage la Prairie to West-
bourne and put your boat in the “White
Mud River” about a hundred yards from
Westbourne Station, and drop down the
small but deep stream to Totogan, a distance
of about fifteen miles, and which at one
time was a trading post of the Hudson’s
Bay Co.—(from Totogan to the mouth of
the river is but a short trip—three miles to
Lake Manitoba)—you will find yourself in
the middle of the muskrat kingdom. The
left shore of the lake for about four miles,
is deep marsh—then rock and sand. From
there turn your boat to the right and head
north-west. Hold close to the shore, around
the bend, and you are going south. You will
pass Church Creek, Eagle Creek, Devil’s
Creek and then on into Lake Francis. In
late September all the nearby rat huts will
be visible. Many ye.rs ago mink was also
plentiful in this region. Farmers and others

- dom if ever used.

have lived along these shores for years and
recent settlers have filled in further space,
but the muskrat has almost held his own
in spite of them.

_ Legitimate trapping in season makes but
little difference to the muskrat and the laws
for his preservation are much more rigidly
enfoiced, or perhaps it would be more cor-
rect to say, are better observed than in most
parts of Ontario. Pelts are ot not much
value until the an:mal is in full fur. In
Maiutoba the dog, spear and torch are sel-
It is the French half
breed ot the south-east who keeps down over
production. Further down through the rock-
bound Keewatin district and along the shores
to Lake Superior, furs bring very high prices.
Higher prices than for furs obtained in any
other district. There, however, the musk-
rat receives the maximum amount of pro-
tection and is hunted only by the genuine
trappers of Canada.

In Ontario things are different. From
St. Clair’s Flats came a report a little while
back, that is a record of unsportsmanlike
and barbarous cruelty. The Indians from
Walpole Islands begin to trap in September,
instead of on December Ist. Anywhere and
everywhere they set their traps without let
or hindrance from the game wardens. As
soon as ice covers the ponds, and rivers be-
come frozen, old and young Indians in par-
ties, of eight to a dozen, with dog, spear,
axe and matches leave their reserve and
cross the Johnston River and enter Dominion
Lands. Their first procedure is to apply
a match to the long grass etc., around the
muskrat homes. The wind carries the fire
a long way—it is soon a roaring furnace.
For safety the rat swims to the deep water
through his runaways. Then the dogs catch
the scent and the spear soon gets him. The
Indians destroy all the huts—by spearing
them. These few rats that escape find them-
selves far away and without a home. In a
little while they try to break through the
top snow and ice to find a place of safety.
But it is useless. They all perish, frozen
to death curled up in a little cone-shaped
heap. On the following day, they are traced
by this horde of rat killers and taken away
to the Indian cabins—dead.

Of course there is a remedy but it is never
enforced. For many years now this kind of
thing has been going on, in fact in this dis-

76

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

ARN. ET RT SS PME SE BS SETS SE RE RE ES SS EY ERE EIT SLE TE NS AS ST EE ERT
AUIUULICUOLUYQQ0000000000005000OEGAOEOUAEOEOOLANEUANUEUUUOSO EAA

The Canadian Ford Company has

Spent Over a Million Dollars on
New Equipment Since the
Beginning of War

To increase the efficiency and the capacity of the Ford
Canadian plant and its service stations—to produce
even a better car at a lower cost of manufacture, thus
to sell at a lower price, the Ford Canadian executives
have put over a million dollars into new equipment
since August, 1914.

That this expenditure has been made since war began
indicates most emphatically the unquestionable belief
of the Canadian Ford Company in the present and
future prosperity of Canada and the triumph of the
Empire. In fact the Ford Canadian executives are so
firmly convinced of.this that they are governing the
entire policy of a great ten million dollar Canadian
Company in accordance with this belief.

Since the beginning of war they have spent approx-
imately a million and three-quarters in new buildings,
twice reduced the price of the car by $60 ($120 in all)
and reduced the price of spare parts $147 per car—all in
addition to this million dollars worth of new equipment.

But, in turn, it has been this new equipment that has
been responsible in great part for these reductions in
prices. Marvelous new labor saving machinery installed
in the recently enlarged two-acre machine shop has
effected big savings in cost of manufacture.

For instance three drill presses that formerly were
used to turn out 600 parts a day, now have been sup-
planted by three punch presses that turn out 3000 parts
a aay; and there is absolutely no sacrifice in quality of
work.

At a cost of $40,000 three truly wonderful milling
machines were installed that mill 48 Ford engine cylin-
ders at once with perfect accuracy.

Perhaps the most wonderful of all are the new gear
cutting machines that are a source of amazement to
those acquainted with gear cutting methods in vogue
several years ago. Then there were only two or three
shops on the continent where gear cutting could be
done at all and it was a slow and most exacting process.
But in the Ford Canadian plant there are no less than
46 wonderful automatic gear cutting machines that
turn ouc gears cut absolutely perfect in one-twentieth
the time without the touch of human hands except for
putting in the blank and taking out the finished gear.

~

When the machine has finished the work it notifies the
operator by ringing a bell. One man can operate two or
three of these machines, a fact which gives some
indication of the great saving in labor that this new
equipment has made possible and which also plays a
very important part in reducing the manufacturing cost
and the selling price of Ford cars.

Again, think of the great saving in labor, as well as
time, effected by the remarkable Ford drilling machine
that bores 45 holes in a cylinder casting in four direc-
tions at a single turn.

Do not assume from this, however, that the number
of employees has been decreased. On the contrary, the
Ford staff has been increased by 900 men since war
began. Furthermore when the present Ford schedule
of wages went into effect in April 1915, the wages of
these employees were increased $50,000 a month.

If it were not for the exceedingly substantial econ-
omies made possible by this new equipment, it can be
readily understood that the price of the Ford car, built
as it is today of the finest materials procurable, would
be very much higher.

No firm that did not have the immense quantity
production of the Canadian Ford plant could possibly
afford to install such equipment as this and conse-
quently could not sell a car as good as the Ford at
anywhere near the Ford prices.

In addition to the equipment told of above new
engines were installed in the power plant at Ford,
Ontario—650 horse power gas engines especially
designed by Ford Engineers.

Also the four new Ford Branch buildings at Montreal,
Toronto, London and Winnipeg, each of them as large
as many automobile factories. had to be furnished with
machinery and appliances. Each one of these branches
is so thoroughly equipped as to be able to build a Ford
ear complete. Each one forms a still further perfection
in the already unrivalled Ford Service to Ford owners.

_And the fact cannot be overlooked that a policy that
dictated the expenditure of such a great sum of coid
cash as this during the progress of the war must have
been prompted by @ very practical and sincere belief
in Canada’s prosperity—in her future and in her people.

Ford Motor Company of Canada, Limited

Ford, Ontario

Ford Runabout - - $480

Ford Touring - - - 530

Ford Coupelet. - - 730

Ford Sedan - - - - 890

Ford Town Car - - 780
f. o. b. Ford, Ontario

THE UNIVERSAL CAR

All cars completely
equipped, including electric

headlights. Equipment
does not include speedo-
meter.

77

78 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

trict it has become a common _ practice.
Those who have seen it probably are afraid
of interfering. No one can justify it, and
yet it still goes on. Game wardens and

paid inspectors there are in plenty in this
district, still these industrious fur-clad mound-
builders receive the same harsh treatment
every year that rolls around.

SOME PRACTICAL HINTS ON
TRAPPING

Fred. C Ralph

HEN trapping for mink it is not always
WW the way you set your traps that gets

the fur, but in keeping as far away
from the set as. possible when running your
trap line. If you make what you think is
a very good mink set, and every day walk
up to it and spit tobacco juice around and
wonder why you don’t get the mink, you
will visit that set-a good many times with-
out results unless a very foolish mink comes
along.

When making a set for mink it is best to fix
it, if possible, so you can see from quite a
distance—say forty or fifty feet,—whether
it has been disturbed or not. This is easily
accomplished by carrying a small field glass
in your pocket. When looking at a set
always stand with your feet pointing the
same way you are going, so that when you
go on your way your tracks don’t show that
you stopped. In doing this you also keep
trap thieves from finding your traps, to a
certain extent.

Most mink are not afraid of iron. I have
tracked them along railroad tracks and they
didn’t seem to notice the steel rails at all.
I have also tracked them in the woods and
found where they crossed a fresh track made
by a man, but put the iron and man scent
together and Mr. Mink smells danger and
keeps away from the spot. Therefore, if you
keep away from your traps after setting them
the human scent dies away and you have a
much better chance of catching the fur
bearer. This also will give you better re-
sults with most all other animals.

How’ many of you ever tried to catch
a sly old house rat? I mean an old educated
one that some time in his career had his
toes pinched. If you have never tried this
you will find him harder to take than any
mink you ever saw. This may sound foolish
to some but wait until you have tried it
and you will change your opinion.

I lived in a house one time that I thought
was rat proof. There didn’t seem to be a
hole anywhere for the rodents to get in,
but{we began to miss. things. If we would
leave any. eatables on the table at night
when morning came they would be gone.

One evening I heard a noise in the hallway
leading upstairs, and as I had cleaned a
mess of fish for supper, I thought I would
use the fish heads for bait and get the rat.

I placed a dish with the heads on it, in a.

corner of the hall and set three traps around
it so that I thought nothing could get to

the fish without going over the traps. I
looked at the set before I went to bed and
the fish heads were gone, the center trap
was moved out of the way and there was a
wet streak across the floor where the rat had
dragged the heads. It led to a roll of car-
pet that stood in the corner under the stairs
and on top of this I found a fish head and
about twenty inches higher up was a hole
in the wall, so I set one of the traps on top
of the roll and spread a thin piece of cloth
over it the same color as the carpet. About
midnight I heard a loud squeal.

When the rat jumped from the hole to the
roll of carpet, he landed on’the trap.

A good many times, weasel, skunk and
mink get blamed for destruction of young
chickens and ducks when the credit for it
belongs to rats. I had seventy-five half-
grown chickens. killed in two nights about
five years ago. I found them piled up under
the floor of the chicken coop. I thought
a weasel had done the killing. Every chick-
en had a hole chewed under its wing and
the head chewed open and brains gone.

I set traps all around the coop wherever
an animal could get under, and next day I
had two half-grown rats. I didn’t think
these were the guilty parties, but I saw tracks
that looked as though they were made by
an extra large rat, so I reset the traps with
hopes of getting the big one. But every
morning for over two weeks I would have
from one to three rats, none of them large
enough to fit the track I had seen, and every
one of these caught only put the big one
all the more on its guard. Then I began
to think I would have to use more care in
making the sets. Finally I scooped out
enough dirt at each trap to let the pan level
with the ground, and spread a thin piece
of paper over the set, then sprinkled dry
dirt over all and made it look as natural
as it did before I had the trap there. But
the big rat was too slippery for me. It seem-
ed to know just where to put its feet with-
out getting the toes pinched.

Every two or three days, however, I would
get 4 medium-sized rat. I don’t think all
these rats had their homes at our place, but
we lived on the shore of Presque Isle Bay
and house and wharf rats travel along the
shore the same as other animals and na-
turally I would get some of them. But in
the fall when the nights began to get cold
my catches got farther apart. Then I pull-
ed up the traps:and set them for mink, musk-

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

LANNEL
SHIRTS
are most essen-
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door life. Dea-
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made of the best
quality—in plain
greys--—blues —
khaki or fancy
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—coat style or closed body—high mili-
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OF A MINNOW IN ACTION aes

Note Variety of One

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| ONCOOTCD AAV LLANE SOSA pepe NL COMET LC

TAn An Angry
Bull Moose

Ferociously Charged

Theodore Roosevelt

near Quebec,last hunting season.

How the Colonel killed the
Bull in self defence, after having
previously obtained his legal
limit of Moose, is told by him in
the February 1916 “‘Scribner’’,
and by sworn affidavit atiQuebec.

Caribou and Deer

are abundant in parts of Quebec
Province, as well as moose and
bear.

THE BEST TROUT FISHING

in the world is in the Province of Que-
bec, and so are the best Guides both for
fishing and hunting. Read Henry van
Dyke’s description of some of them in
“Little Rivers.”

MMe een ee enn ns ne i ares Te se ee gs TMs OT Sg LJ

Would you like to own

A Summer Camp

for your family, by a forest-clad stream
or mountain-surrounded lake?

You can build one of your own, by leas-
ing a fishing and hunting territory from
the Government of the Province,
whether a resident of it or not. or by
joining one of the many fish and game
clubs.

Write for an illustrated booklet on
“The Fish and Game Clubs of Quebec,”
which tells you all about them, and ad-
dress all enquiries concerning fishing
and hunting Baits: fish and game laws,
guldes, etc.,

SUL stint SUT

Hon. Honoré Mercier,

Minister of Colonization,
Mines and Fisheries.

Quebec, Que.

Pe Ue UL eu STi An TeU UL ULL SUES ULLILS LLL SLL oA sl eed (ei

SM se eau Ls]

80 ‘ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

rats and weasel. As I like duck shooting I
used to run the line and hunt at the same
time until the bay froze over, then all my
attention went to trapping but I never
forgot the old rat that got my chickens and
I had my mind made up to get the rodent
before it was time for young chickens again.

Along in the first part of march I had
started to cross the ice to run my traps which
were set on the peninsula across the bay
from where I lived. The night had been
warm for that time of the year and I expect-
ed a pretty good catch, so I got an early
start and when about a half mile from the
shore of the peninsula I saw something mov-
ing along near the shore. I hurried on and
as I got nearer I could see it was an oppossum.
When I got within about one hundred yards
of the fur bearer, it turned and came towards
me until we were about ten feet apart. Then
itecurled up and was perfectly still. The
animal was a medium-sized female.

My first thought was to put an end to
her with my pistol, but on account of her
queer actions I decided to take her home
alive. I put her in my hunting coat pocket.
Shegwas so thin I could almost hear her
bones rattle, and when I got home after
running the traps she was still curled up.
I took her out of the coat and made a pen for
her in part of the chicken coop and gave her
a muskrat carcase for her supper and an
arm full of straw for a nest. Next morning
all that was left of the rat carcase was the
back bone, and by feeding her every day
she got so tame that in less than a week she
would come out of her nest as soon as I
came into the pen.

When I had her about two weeks I got to
wondering if she had anything in her pouch,
and I couldn’t resist the temptation to stick
my finger in and find out, and sure enough
there were six little lumps in the bottom
about the size of peas. The lumps grew
fast and in a short time there were six little
tails sticking out of the pouch and it wasn’t
long before the offspring were big enough to
run around and play and climb all over
the old one, and if anybody came near them
they would all run for the pouch. But they
soon got so big that they could only get their
heads in, and it certainly was a funny sight
to see them all trying to get in. By the
time they were about as large as a good-sized
house-rat they were as tame as the old one
and didn’t try to hide any more.

Imagine how I felt one morning when
‘ I went out to feed them, to find two of them
in the center of the floor with their brains
chewed out, and the old one trying to keep
the other four back in a corner!

My old friend the rat had shown me that
she was still around. I noticed there was
a hole chewed through the floor that show-
ed how she got in.

If I ever wanted to get hold of that rat
I did then. Remembering howjthe chickens

had et knew if I didn’t get the rat she
would get the rest of the little possums, so
I immediately nailed a board over the hole
and set some traps again, but next mornin
in one of the traps was a little possum wit
his brains eaten out the same as the others
had been. (Did this old devil do that on
purpose or did it merely drop the carcase on
the trap by accident? It looked to me as if
the rodent: did it for spite). In the pen
there was only one live young possum left
and the old one was doing her best to cover
that one up in acorner. The rat had chew-
ed up through the floor in another place,
and that floor was made of two inch plank.
That night I took the old possum and the
last little one up the shore a little way and
let them go, thinking they would make
for the woods, but next morning I had the
old one in one trap and the little one in
another. They had tried to get back into

' the pen and slipped into some of the traps

I had set for the rat and the little one was
dead with its brains gone the same as the
rest of them had been. The rat didn’t
seem to be afraid of the trap when it held
a little possum.

The old possum had a sore leg from the
trap but otherwise she wasn’t hurt and when
I took the trap off her leg she limped awa
and I never saw her again, that I know of.
I caught a few oppossums the next season
but I hope she was not among them.

Next, it was up to me to settle with that
rat. I ripped up the floor, in the pen and
it was full of run-ways underneath. I made
some sets under there and reset the rest of
the traps, but they were not disturbed for
over two weeks. I didn’t even catch a small
rat so I guessed I had them all caught and
I thought the big one had left the place.
But I left the traps alone and one mornin
I heard a chain rattle under the floor an
when I pulled up a plank the old son of a
gun tried to jump at me. It was an 0
female about the size of a small muskrat and
two toes were missing from one of her feet
which ‘showed she had been there before.

Now if there are any young trappers
who want experience in trapping, they
can get it in the summer by trying to catch
the last house rat around their place, or if
there are not any rats at home, I am sure your
neighbor will let you catch them on his place.

The first four or five rodents are easy
to catch but they make the others “trap
shy’? and when you are sure you have the
last one caught, you will know more about
trapping than you did when you started.
You will also find it easier to get the fur
bearers when they get prime after this ex-
perience.

Note.—A careful study of this
article will prove of value to all
amateur trappers. Send along more
like it.

=u gies

“pI

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 81.

{EDWIN DIXON}
TAXIDERMIST

“Dixon Quality’ mounting is a guarantee
of the highest grade of work at a reason-
able price.

Send your trophies to me and be assured of a mount-

ing Braperly done. If you have been used to a half-
done job—let me show you my way.

Every game head [I mount is individually modelled

true to its original size and appearance, by the best

lasting, moth-proof methods. No papier mache,

plaster of paris, potters clay or casts used by me.

|| COFFEE

HEADS FOR § .
SALE

Mounted, large
moose, elk, cari-

bou, mountain =)
sheep, goat, ante- | ana al Sn
lope and deer |

heads. Write for

measurements and
rices, f.o.b. your |
ome, on approval. e Gy

Come and See
My Collection o

and Methods. In %, 1 and 2 pound cans.

My large show and | EX. aay - ea
work rooms (cov- Whole ground pulverized

ering 2,800 square { =
iat eee a also Fine Ground for Percolators.
Toronto, on the
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and are the largest
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for this else CHASE & SANBORN,

Canada.
MONTREAL.

References Fol

My customers everywhere in Canada and the GER ae ee

United States.

My “Sportsman’s Guide” is Free. It con-
tains instructions for saving your specimens for |
mounting. Shipping tags, etc., on request. |

EDWIN DIXON

3
Canada’s Leading Taxidermist,
MAIN STREET, - - UNIONVILLE, ONTARIO. | |

A REAL: ADVENTURE ON THE
TRAP LINE

By John Dowsell

EADING “Blanchard’s Trap” in the

March number called back to memory

a trip made some years ago on the
head waters of the Magnetawan. Through
a friend the writer secured the services of
a guide who lived in this district. He wrote
to get in a short time before opening and
get a camp built. I took a tent and every-
thing needed, one bear trap, forty odd No.
two and a half Newhouse traps and ten
beaver traps. I got in two days early. That
evening for tea he had a boiled ham of veni-
son on the long pine table. When I referred
to the venison he laughed, saying he had
killed a number already and disposed of
them to a camp where they were getting
out square timber. I might say the arrange-
ments I made were that my guide was to
furnish canoes, I furnishing all supplies and
paying him $1.50 per day, work or play.

We selected a camp site close to a large
stream. The next morning he said he would
take either end of the line putting out a few
traps. I took the up stream end, taking
quite a number of mink traps with me. I
had covered about two miles and placed
niet of my traps when I came to a beaver
dam.
a better view, I stepped into something that
threw me flat. Picking myself up I was
surprised to see what I at first thought was
cow dropping. When on the level I came to
acres of low bush, huckleberries. The leaves
were off and the ground was blue .I could
scoop a hand full in a few seconds.

Close to me stood a large stump; the tree
had evidently been down many years. The
stump was cut up by claw marks and the tree
was torn up. This was the work of bears
and I tumbled to what had thrown me.
Here were bears and beavers. I was a little
excited and turned to go to camp and get
the bear trap and some beaver traps. It
did not take long as I made a short cut across
country. Putting the traps on my _ back
I started to return. I noticed plenty signs
of deer and one of moose. About half way
in passing a fallen tree top out went a deer.
By the time I got rid of the traps it was
fully two hundred yards off. I pumped a
few shots after him. The flag did not wave,
so I knew the “‘jig was up.”’ I was shooting
a 44-40 Winchester of the early pattern
which was all right for 150 yards. Putting
a heavy limb near the stubble I put the clamps
and soon had an ideal set close to the tree.

While looking over the meadow from the
stump I heard sounds of hounds up the
stream. They seemed to be coming closer.
Soon I heard a splash of water. The deer
evidently was crossing the head of the beaver
dam. I laid off any traps, and took up
the rifle.

On going over the bank so as to have

Just then the deer came loping

down the opposite side of the dam. It came
opposite me, turned back a few jumps, then
made a great leap right towards me. In
the excitement I stepped back behind the
stump and into the trap. At first I thought
my leg was broken but I had on heavy top
boots and that saved me. I could feel blood
running down my leg. This looked serious.
The wind was blowing a gale against me,
so it was no use to call for help. Besides,
it was bitter cold. However, I managed
to start a fire. (I might say the writer has
followed the carriage blacksmith trade for
over thirty years and here is the idea). Put
the end of a spring into the fire so as to weak-
en enough to allow its being bent. It was
some job to do this trick and I nearly roast-
ed for awhile. When I thought it time I ~
got the trap in the right position and brought
the rifle down. It did the work but it was
like pulling teeth. I managed the other
spring but let it get hotter so it did not give
much pain. I found I could stand and
with a stick I started back, taking the river
route as it was not safe to try and cross in
the dark. I was a long time getting back
where I found my guide had a fire and was
shooting some. -On account of the wind
the shots, of course, were not heard.

It was several days before I could get out
and my guide in the meantime was not bring-
ing in much fur. When I could look up
myself I found more fur than the guide had
brought in. A few days later he asked me
to lend him my rifle, saying he thought he
could get a moose. As he did not ask me
to go along I felt curious. I followed him,
keeping well out of sight. Down the river
about a mile he went into a pond of water.
In the centre of it was a clump of bushes.
Here he stopped for a long time. It was
getting dark and pushing into the pond he
did not notice me. When close enough I
hollowed asking him what he was doing.
It struck me he had a cache here and was
hiding fur. I told him to bring it out and
put it in my canoe. He did this and the
next day I paid him off, after he had taken
me out. The writer has had many trips in
the north, but this was the worst by all odds.
When I got out I was told that this man

3 39

would turn out cheap and play “sneak ‘em’.

What has become of Bill Miner? I like
his ring!

This is sure a story! More than
one of my readers—especially the
younger ones—will enjoy this ad-
venture almost as well as a turkey
dinner. Let us hear from more of
you.

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

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SPECIAL WEEKLY AND MONTHLY RATES
Write for complimentary ‘‘Guide of Buffalo and Niag-
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84

AN AMATEUR ON THE TRAP LINE
By W. W. Wilkinson.

Readers of Rod and Gun and Brother Trappers:

My father is a subscriber ta Rod
and Gun. I see some trappers have been
sending in their experiences in trapping, so
I have decided to send in mine.

One day early in November I got the loan
of a .22 Winchester repeater to go hunting
rabbits. No snow had fallen then, but the
rabbits had turned white. I shot one Yabbit,
aig the river and had to wade over to find

im.

The water was mighty cold and I did not
feel like going back, so I decided to walk
up the river to a bridge which was about a
mile away. Most of the way the bank was
from about six to ten feet high. I saw some
ripples in the water but did not take much
notice, but on looking back, much to my
surprise, there was a mink on a rock about
ten feet out. I dropped the rabbit and went
back to try to get him. When I -arrived
there he could not be seen. The river had
undermined the bank and a clump of trees
were lying in the water. Presently I heard
a hissing noise. I shot at what I thought
was him, but missed. Fortunately I had
some snaring wire in my pocket. I went
back and got the rabbit and tied it to a
branch and left it to see what would happen.
Nothing disturbed it for about a week. Then,
one day half of the rabbit was gone. Next
day I brought a trap with me. I set it and
was about to drive the stake when one of the
branches cracked. I lost my balance and
in order not to fall, I put my hand in the

trap. It was lucky for me that I had two
pair of mittens on. But splash, in I went
anyway!

I finally made the set.
thing doing the next day.

On the following Sunday another boy
and I started out about nine o’clock to visit
our trap. When we arrived there was a
very small mink in it. We had a job getting
at him because he could dodge back into
the brush every time we made a swipe at
him. We had no gun. I unstaked the trap
and grabbed the chain and pulled. Out he
came! Then the other fellow hit him across
the head with a stick which soon ended his
career.

Afterwards we skinned the fur bearer and
examined his fur; there were a lot of white
hairs about his head.

On our way back we met two of our rivals
who promptly declared that we took the
animal out of their trap. We went back
and showed them the rumpus he had kicked
up and that was the only way we could con-
vince them.

In all I caught two small minks and four
about medium, for which I received twenty
dollars. Yours truly,

W. W. Wilkinson.
Note.—This is mighty interest-
ing to trappers. Beginners will
probably find some pointers which
will prove of help to them. Come
again with another story. This just
escaped winning the prize.—The Edi-
tor.

There was no-

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

REQUEST FOR FUR TANNING
FORMULAE

Editor ‘Along The Trap Line’:

Dear Sir: Could you inform me through
Rod and Gun where I could oktain a work
on fur tanning. If you can do so. You
will greatly oblige,

Yours very truly,
Ware.

Paris Station.

I know of no book exclusively for home
Cae Almost any household encyclo-
pedia has the formulae for several tanning
preparations. Let me advise experience be-
fe attempting a “home tan” on valuable
urs.

A Good Fox Set
Editor, “‘Along The Trap Line’:

Sir: I would like to give bas experience
trapping fox. I follow creek banks when
I find a fallen tree of good size. I cut a
place for a trap and set. Always select a
day when snow is falling. After two or
three days you’go over the line putting bait
on a stick a few rods opposite. A fox will
be sure to walk the tree or log to investigate.

Yours truly,
Delhi, Ont. John Dowswell.

Note.—Let us have more good sets
from you trappers who really know
how.—G. J. T.

Recipe for Fernie Squirrel and Rabbit

Skins
Editor, ALONG THE TRAP-LINE:—

I have been a news stand subscriber of
your famous magazine and, hearing through
a friend of mine and also a subscriber, of
your Rod and Gun that you had a recipe
you would send to your readers of how to
tan squirrel and rabbit hides, will you please
send me same.

Thanking you in

St. Thomas, Ont.

advance, I am,
Yours truly,
E. W. Eastman.

Regarding the tanning of squirrel and
rabbit skins, there are several methods.
The first thing to do is to remove the feet
and in the case of the squirrels, the tails also.
Be sure all flesh and fat are removed from
the pelts.

Take about half an ounce of borax, half
an ounce of saltpetre and a half ounce glauber
salts. (This is enough for three or four
rabbit or squirrel skins). Make a paste of
this with rainwater and spread over the flesh
side of the skins. Fold together in a natural
manner and let lay ina cool, dry place for
about twenty-four hours. ‘

Wash the pelts and wring them outfdry.

Next, make a mixture by boiling some shav-
ed white soap and adding a small quantity of
alum and borax. (It is best to allow this
preparation to come to a point where all
the ingredients mix rather than actually
boil). Apply to flesh side of the hide, care
being taken that the mixture is not too hot—
just warm. Fold again and let lie for from
twelve to twenty-four hours. | ;

Wash the pelts thoroughly again, rubbing

and workings them while drvingo <o as to he

~

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 85

Strengthen your
whole defensive line
with Bovril

IT MUST BE BOVRIL.

Of all Stores, etc., l-oz.25c.: 2-0z. 49c.: 4-oz. 70 c.: 8-0z. $1.30: 16-0z. $2.25
Bovril Cordial, large, $1.25: 5-oz. 40 c.: 16-0z. Johnston’s Fluid Beef (Vimbos), $1.20.
Sas aye

| Sy
TENTS

For Sale or Rent in all Sizes.

col ging eet eine Canvas Required Be ae

Poles and Pegs extra, - - $2.00 Sportsman.

WE MAKE SPECIAL MENTION OF OUR 10x12x3ft. WALL TENTS and may say that we have sold thous-
ands of them. If you or your friends need one get busy. If money order or cheque don’t forget the War Stamps.
Mention Rod and Gun to Secure This Price.

AEGER

For All Outing Purposes

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We are large Manufacturers of

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Be sure and equip yourself with Jaeger Wear for your next
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Underwear in all weights. Sweaters, Cardigans, Jerseys, Blankets,
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DR. JAEGE ST eee Co. vimitep

TORONTO - MONT REAL - WINNIPEG

Incorporated in 1883 withBritish CapitalfortheBritish Empire

/

86 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

soft and pliable. If necessary, dress the
skins carefully with some fine sand paper or
pumice stone.

With the ordinary rabbit skin, frequently
it is not necessary to employ more than the
first mixture.

Home tanning is not to be recommended
in most cases. The beginner should use
great care in the work. I do not recommend
the work being done on fine pelts, such as
mink, ete.

Ge (as

Concerning White Beaver.
Editor *‘Along The Trap Line’:

That white beavers do exist is well known
among Hudson Bay and other northern
trappers who say that one in about one hun-
dred thousand are Albinos. However, I
have yet to hear of a white or any other

beaver whose tail was covered with fur.
Your informant should have got the loan
of a real beaver’s tail and painted it a pale
pink before attaching it to the skin.

Yours truly,

St. John’s, N’f’d. Old Trapper.
Note.—The above was received in
reference to the picture we publish-
ed of a white beaver in a recent issue.
We admit that the illustration shows
the tail to be hairy—but the photo
from which the cut was made shows
the beaver tail to be natural. Even
so, the editor has no means of know-
ing whether the picture was “faked”
or not. It was received by him and
“passed along’ to the readers for
what it was worth.—The Editor.

STRICT GAME LAWS

ian of Manitoba, says that one of the

healthiest and most gratifying features
in connection with the protection of our wild
life is the very hearty support, that is being
obtained, from all the good and true sports-
men of the province, also the hearty co-
operation received by the department from
the officials of the railway and express com-
panies.

Further, that the government of the pro-
vince is very much alive, to the great neces-
sity and importance of preserving and per-
petuating a good supply of all kinds of our
useful wild life, for the use of the present and
future generations, so much so, that during
the month of September, 1915, the attorney-
general’s department gave instructions to all
police magistrates and justices of the peace
within the limits of the province, to be sure
and impose exemplary fines and to confiscate
the gun or rifle of any one convicted for any
violation of the act.

Mr. Barber says that the object of the
department is not to obtain convictions
but to prevent infractions of the act, and
therefore wishes to give the utmost publicity
to the fact that his department is active,
and to warn all sportsmen and others that
they must not violate the provisions of the
act and that if they do they are very likely
a be caught and made to pay a heavy pen-
ality. <= :
It would appear that his department. is
keeping up the pace inaugurated last Sep-
tember, and is continuiig to vigorously en-
force the provisions of the Manitoba Game
Protection Act as will be seen by the num-
ber of convictions secured only recently by
the field men of his department, a few of
which are enumerated herewith as follows:

Justice David Langrille of Giroux; H. S.
McCook, game guardian, Winnipeg, was

rosecutor, and the defendant was Adelard

erories of Teboville. Fined $25 and $1.50
cost for having green deer hide in his posses-
sion.

Justice Jas. Shaw, Beausejour; prosecutor,

Cimon BARBER, chief game guard-

H. S. McCook, game guardian; defendants,
Silvester Victor, Charles Field, John Kuyner
and Steve Boychuk, all of Shelly. Fined
$10_and.$4 costs each for having moose meat
in their possession without the necessary
license.

Justice J. H. McClure, Balmoral; prose-
cutor, W. H. Joyce, game guardian, Winni-
peg; defendants, Charles A. Shipley, Grant
S. Shipley, Alfred L. Wells, Daniel Simpson,
John Porter and Howard Scott, all of Bal-
moral. Fined $25 each for shooting at and
killing female deer.

Justice A. L. Bonnycastle; prosecutor, W.

S. Armstrong, game guardian of Winupe ¢
al-

defendants, Mike Michaleruk, Sidor Mich
cruk, Mike Topila, Nick Karpuik, John
Kusnir, Bill Curkaw, John Curkaw, Max.
Sadleurkisi, John Kowel, Theodore Kowel.
Having. moose meat-in their possession with-
out the necessary permit. Suspended sen-
tence,’ costs $20. Joe Frankoski and Joe
Kryskor, having moose meat in possession
without necessary license; fined $25 and $3
costs each. All are from the Greater Winni-
peg Water District. é

It is most desirable and necessary that
there be always an abundant supply of wild
game. Without the closest watch for offen-
ders, the game would be rapidly depleted,
if not entirely killed off.

Lax enforcement of the game laws and
improper punishment of offences has result-
ed in a closed season being imposed on sport
lovers in many of the States to the South,
the entire year round, while game preserves
are maintained at a great cost to the State,
in an effort to restock the old haunts with
game animals and birds. This is the result
of greed on the part of a few.

It would be nothing less- than criminal
that such conditions should’ ever exist in
Manitoba, but without the co-operation of
all sportsmen, hunters and all other per-
sons who have the welfare of the province
at heart, even the most rigid laws, energetic-
ally enforced would not be sufficient pro-
tection.

=—

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA of

High Class
SPORTING OR TRENCH
BOOTS

They are being worn inthe trenches
now, giving complete satisfaction.

Our 309 Special is MADE BY HAND, on
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PRICE $12 PER PAIR NET

Give following measurements:—

1. Length of foot, or size of ordinary boot worn.
_ Height required: 16 inch is regular height from sole of foot.
. Size of calf. 4. Size of ankle.

MADE ONLY BY—

BEAL BROS., Limited

52 Wellington St. East, TORONTO, Ont.

oon

Enhances Property Values

A BEAUTIFUL lawn fence gives any piece of property that symmetrical, pleas- f
ing, orderly appearance that not only affords its owner a keen sense of pleasure
and satisfaction while occupying the premises, but when offered for sale, it brings
a better price. It’s an investment—not an expense.

Peerless Ornamental Fencing

is made of strong, stiff, galvanized wire that will not sag. In addition to galvanizing,
os every strand is given a coating of zinc enamel §
paint, thus forming the best possible insurance
against rust. Peerless Ornamental Fence is
made in several styles. It’s easy to erect and
holds its shape for years.
Send for fr e catalog. If interested, ask about
our farm and poultry fencing, Agents nearly
everywhere. Agents wanted in open territory.

The Banwell-Hoxie Wire Fence Co., Ltd.
Winnipeg, Man. Hamilton, Ont.

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“The article on the Airedale in a recent
issue of Rod and Gun had a good effect, I
find,” writes - Walter M. Berwick of Shel-
burne, Ont., “‘as it seems to show that it is
impossible to breed good dogs from_ poor
stock. If the people in Canada would only
pet the idea of mongrel prices out of their

eads it would be a good thing for dog breed-
ers in general. So often we get enquiries
from people who say they don’t want a prize
winner, but just a good dog for a companion
or for hunting purposes. I find a big demand
just now for pups by the International
Champion, ‘King Nobbler’s Double,’ especially
since he did so remarkably in Toronto at the
Good Friday Show. When the war is over

ah ree many fanciers in England and Europe
will be looking for stock in this country and
if our Canadian breeders don’t stop this
catering to the cheap buyer they will find
fae all this nice business will go across the
ine

Leonard Seppala, driving his team of 17 Si-
berian wolf dogs, with which he won last
year’s races, is the winner of the 412-mile all-
Alaska sw eepstakes race for dog teams, which
was finished in April last. Seppala’s time
was eighty hours and 27 minutes. Fay
Dalzene’s team of 14 Alaska- bred malamutes,
was second, and Fred Ayer’s team of 14 fox-
hounds, third. Two other contestants failed
to finish.

Seppala stood the strain of the race fuily as
well as his hardy wolf dogs, and when he drove
down Front Street toward the finish line the
entire Winter population of Nome, some

2,500 persons, cheered him wildly, Delzene’s
dogs also finished in good condition, but
Ayer’s were very tired. By winning the r race
Seppala gained a purse of $2,000.

This is the fourth:time in the last seven
sweepstakes races that the Siberian wolf dogs
have out-distanced the malamutes.

The sixth edition of Mr. Palmer’s interest-
ing dog book, “All about Airedales” will be
issued some time during the coming summer.
Copies of the last edition may be secured from

Rod and Gun, the price per copy being $1.00.
We would be glad if readers of this*magazine
who have photos or snap shots of good Aire-
dales, showing these dogs at work in the hunt
ing field, would loan these to us in order that a
selection may be made from same for illus-
trating the Canadian part of Mr. Palmer’s
book. Address Kennel Department, Rod and
Gun in Canada, Woodstock, Ont.

P. Bawden of Ridgetown furnishes the fol-
lowing memo. of the winnings of Marvel’s
Double at Detroit on the 12th of April to show
what a Canadian bred puppy can do. He has
since been sold to a Detroit man for $250, a
record price, says Mr. Bawden, for a Canada
bred puppy.

Marvel’s Double at Auto City Kennel Show
at Detroit:

Trophy best dog puppy; Trophy best dog
or bitch puppy: Cup for best Airedale dog.
Trophy for best Airedale dog or bitch.
President’s Trophy for best dog in show: and
together with Caerphilly Master Coack
won cup for best brace. Double was bred by
P. Bawden, Ridgetown, Ontario.

It is our intention to make this Kennel
Department bigger and better than ever ;
more interesting and instructive to the own-
ers of dogs and more interesting to breeders
as an advertising medium. As Rod and Gun
has a good circulation from coast to coast
as well as in many of the States, and reaches
that class of red-blooded sportsmen who
admire a good dog, breeders will find these
pages particularly effective in disposing of
their stock. List your kennels in _ these
columns and take advantage of this active
market.

To give breeders an opportunity of learn-
ing the value of this magazine as an adver-
tising medium we are making a special offer
of one inch kennel advertisements at $2.00
per issue. This rate is good only for two
issues.

Our classified advertisement rates are four
cents per word. These small For Sale, Ex-
change and Want Ads. have, in the past,
88

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 89

Motor with reverse gear, beautiful figured black cherry

decks, with hood with two-doors in front. Deck covering
$650 engine, oak or cherry coaming, flanked with red

Louisiana Cypress, seat at stern, and 4 wicker chairs, and
seat front of motor. We have other boats ready to ship.

Special This 24ft. Hull with 10 H.P. double cylinder Fulton:

Bracebridge Launch Works - Bracebridge

ae

Hardy’s The Great British Specialists

In kong Regd. Split Bamboo shine Rods

Manufacturers to
HIS MAJESTY
KING GEORGE V.

THE “DE LUXE” ROD, made of Steel- peed ‘PALAKONA” is Hardy’s latest
design in single- handed rods for wet or dry fly fishing.

T is the product of the largest, and best equipped factory, supervised by the

l| champion Professional Fly Casters and Anglers in Europe, ‘‘Hardy’s”’. Don’t
forget that as wage s in Great Britain are 75% lessthan in America we can

| give greater value in high class hand work. All our rods are hand made by experts
| whose lives have been spent at this work, for which 50 GOLD MEDALS have
been awarded. Length 9-ft., weight 534 ozs.; 9-ft. 6-ins., weight 534 ozs.; 10-ft.,
weight 6ozs. All fitted with Hardy’s patent: screw grip reel fittings. PRICE—
| Rod, with one top only, $18.37; with two tops, $22.04. If in Bamboo protector
case to carry THE WHOLE ROD, $2.44 extra.

DRY FLIES—As made by us for the late F. M. Halford,
Esq., for whom we also made rods, etc., 60 cents per doz.

GUT CASTS—The Anglo-American tapered mist color
No. 1 medium, No. 2 fine, as made for Mr. Halford.
Stout to 4X Ditto, Ditto to 3X, Stout Lake to fine, Ditto to

ee 1G RE AT
ENGLISH FIELD
says “We must
never forget that =
ie Bae ce ce medium, Ex-stout to MEDIUM, Ex-stout to stout, 6 ft.
owe the supremacy 8/6d. per doz. or $2.08, 9-ft. 11/- per doz. or $2.69.

we have achieved as

Rod makers. aera Bros., Manufactory Alnwick, England

90

been very effective. We often receive letters
of appreciation- from readers having -satis-
factory deals through these advertisements
and in many cases one article. advertised
has led to additional sales.

We invite any Of our readers desiring in-
formation on doggie matters to send in their
queries to this department. Are you buy-
ing a dog; importing one; do you under-
stand the new registration requirements?
Are you in doubt as to what breed of dog
would suit your requirements best? Is your
dog ailing? Any breed you want informa-
tion on, no matter what it is you wish to
know, we will try and satisfy you and to
the novice we might say that we may save
you-a lot of trouble.

While Rod and Gun is not the official organ
of any kennel club, still we believe it will
prove interesting and beneficial to owners
and breeders.of dogs throughout the Domin-
ion. Many of the hunting stories in Rod
and Gun contain incidents and photos of
dogs and such articles are from real life, not
fiction.

Especially as regards sporting varieties
readers and advertisers will find these pages
particularly valuable.

In future we will endeavor to give some
account of dog shows, which are now be-
coming a well attended attraction. Can-
adians now have either by importation or
breeding many crack dogs and on more than
one occasion Canadian dogs have won suc-
cessfully throughout the United States.

The Kennel For Warm Weather
The first step (and perhaps the most im-
ponent) in the building of warm weather
ennels is the selection of a site.

Shade, drainage and exposure must all be
considered. It will not do to expect dogs
to swelter in the hot sun all day when men
have to seek the refuge of shady piazzas.
Deciduous trees which filter the rays of the
sun and temper the heat without causing
dampness form the most desirable sort of
peobection in this respect. It will do no

arm if the building itself lies within shadow
of a tree for an hour or so in the afternoon ;
at any rate there must positively be a shaded
area in the enclosure.

A gently sloping hill is desirable because
drainage is facilitated thereby, and this is
a most important item. Care must, how-
ever, be taken to avoid damp hollows where
the mist collects at night, for such a location
is as fatal to the health of a dog as to a man’s.

The best possible construction calls for a
roof of tile, lined with felt. This is expensive,
to be sure, and where small individual kennels
are employed is hardly essential. Don’t
use tin! Wood is not bad, provided it is
heavily painted with some mixture which
will not absorb heat excessively. In case
wood is used, a very good scheme is to make

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

the roof double with an air circulation cham- ©

~ ber-between-- Do not forget. that it is just

as important to have gutters and water- ;
vents on the kennel as on the-house to avoid

__leaks-and dampness inside.

Concrete is by all odds the best material
for the floors of the kennel because it is
easiest kept clean and does not become
chilled like stone. Wood should be avoided
by all means, as it is impossible to keep
absolutely clean and aseptic a kennel having
a wooden floor. It is a good scheme to
sprinkle clean sawdust on the floor, to be
swept up at night.

Puppies are best kept by themselves while
being raised. For this purpose an outdoor
yard with small, movable kennels is excellent.

Coarse grained pottery will keep the drink-
ing water much cooler than do iron or porce-
lain bowls, because the porous ware permits
a gradual percolation and evaporation on the
outside. ‘This is especially noticeable if there
is a slight breeze. By all means be sure the
drinking vessels. hold enough and are non-
capsizable.

Canker Ear

A disease that frequently gives the dog
owner trouble and brings suffering to the
victim is canker ear. It is rarely found
among dogs that are used outdoors and given
plenty of exercise ; it is generally the over-
fed, under-exercised house dog that suffers
from this affliction. Turning the head side-
ways or shaking the head frequently indicates
canker. Inspection of the auditory passage
will reveal redness, moisture, a sooty deposit
or, suppuration.

In the early stages of the disease, oxide
of zinc ointment is applied after the ear is
thoroughly washed out or syringed with
warm water, to which is added a drop or two
of Condy’s fluid or 2 or 3 grains of perman-
ganate of potash.

If the disease has run along for a time,
borax with glycerine and water or a zinc lo-
tion, 5 grains to an ounce of water make good
dressings, a few drops of which should be
poured into the orifice warm whenever the
ear is troublesome. Dry borax is good if
there is much discharge of matter.

External remedies are not of much use
unless the general health is maintained.
Bowels should be kept open ; the food should
be simple but nutritious and in some cases
a tonic, such as Fowler’s solution, can be
used to good advantage.

A Letter of Appreciation
Editor, ROD AND GUN :

The Airedale dog I advertised in March
Rod and Gun was sold with satisfaction to
buyer and seller and through the game ad-
vertisement I also sold an Airedale puppy
and a water spaniel. I had many answers to
the ad. all of good quality, from real live
sportsmen who meant business.

_ Yours faithfully,

Lindsay, Ont. Geo. Goodwin.

<SSe

ROD AND GUN

IN CANADA

FROSTCO COMBINATION

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FLY BAIT
Swit .

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REINFORCED JOINTS,
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FLY A 914% Foot Rod makes BAIT
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First—9'4 ft. Regular Fly
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Second—9 !4 ft. Bait by re-
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Third—6 ft. 8 in. Fly by
taking out the butt joint
| and using the reducer =<
’ which is always in the
butt of the rod. jap

Fourth— 6 ft. 8 in. Bait by 6ft SIN
reversing the handle, BAIT
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Fifth—7 ft. 2in. Fly by us-
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Sixth—7 ft. 2 in. Bait by
reversing the handle.

Seventh—4 ft. 4in. Fly by
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Eighth — 4 ft. 4 in. Bait

Casting by reversing the
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H. J. FROST & COMPANY

Mfrs. of Fishing Tackle, 90 Chambers St., New York

DEL-REY WOBBLER
For Casting or Trolling

All the efficiency of any wood minnow; more durable, casts
easier and more accurate as the air resistance is 75% less,

Perfect wowbling movement. Imitating i aiccod fish.

Size 3x 1 inches—1-16 inch thick. Nickel Plated, Polished
Tass or Copper. Price, 25c—at your dealer’s.
Ifyour dealer hasn’t this in stock will forward to him, express paid.

Send for 28-page booklet, describing KELSO Tackle specialties.

H. J. FROST & CO., 90 Chambers Street, New York
Manufacturers of Fishing Tackle

SAFETY LIGH TS

The light that says

“There it is!”

—and lets you KNOW
what the dark hides.

WHAT’S a vacation without an
Eveready! Wherever you go
this summer. have theonelight
that’s instant. yet safe. Put an
Eveready in the traveling bag,
for use on the way

And have EVEREADY conveni-
ence and protection all summer
longin the unfamiliar surround-
ings where the dark might trap
you.

Start with a fresh battery—the
Eveready TUNGSTEN—or take
an extra battery along. And if
you go where new TUNGSTEN
Batteries are not to be had, re-
order direct from us (telling us
the number of your present bat-
tery), parcel post prepaid, and
insure the service and economy
of your flashlight.

Your nearest electrical, hard-
ware, stationery or drug dealer
has a full line of Eveready lights
in many styles for’ ‘going-away”’
time, 75 cents and up. Also fresh
TUNGSTEN Batteries, the only
flashlight batteries that are
long-lived, dependable and real-

ly economical. - Booklet on

request.
CANADIAN NATIONAL
CARBON CO., LTD.,

Toronto

Ontario.

Er
Ube

yoeeteet hy
Maiti )

Tournament Dates.

May 24th.—Lou Youngblood Registered Memorial
Shoot, Sandwich, Ont., J. Pentland, 122 Sandwich
St. West, Windsor, Ont.

May 24th, 1916—Tillsonburg Gun Club, Registered
Tournament, S. G. Vance, Tillsonburg, Secretary.

May 24th, 1916—Stanley Gun Club
Shoot, Stanley Gun Club, Toronto, Ont.

June 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th—Dominion Game Pro-
tective and Trap Shooting Association Tournament
at Cobourg, Ont., Secretary of Cobourg Gun Club,
(which has charge of the Tournament) C. McCallum,
Cobourg, Ont. .

June 29th, 30th and July Ist—Canadian Indians’
Annual Trap-shooting Tournament and Pow-Wow at
Burlington Beach, Ont. High Scribe, W. T. Ely,
Imperial Bank Building, King and Sherbourne Streets,
Toronto.

August 29th, 30th and 31st to September 2. Trap
Shooting Tournament at Canadian National
Exhibition grounds, Toronto.

A Trap-shooting Tournament will be held in con-
nection with the Canadian National Exhibition this
year, the dates for the tournament being August 29th,
30th and 31st and September Ist and 2nd. The Traps
which will be set overiooking Lake Ontario will occupy
an eS the centre of the southern boundary of

xhibition Park, a part of the grounds largely used by
the public. While the programme has not been defin-
itely decided upon it will comprise a “Canadian Na-
tional Exhibition Handi cap” and “International Cham-
pionships”’ at single and double targets as well as reg-
ular events and it is hoped to add at least $2,000 in
. trophies and cash.

The Dominion G. P. & T. S. Association Tourna-
ment in June.

The Dominion Game Protective and Trap Shooting
Association whose annual tournament is to be held at
Cobourg, Ont. on June 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th, have
issued an attractive program giving particulars of the
events and the money and prizes to be offered during
the progress of the tournament.

Copies of the program may be secured trom the
tournament secretary, Mr. Charles McCallum, Co-
bourg, Ont.

The Mail Trophy emblematic of the five men team
club championship of Canada; the Grand Canadian
Handicap cup: the Grey Cup for Grand Aggregate
are special features of the tournament of this Associa-
tion. A Consolation Handicap event is open to all

- who do not win a Grand Aggregate Prize or Cut Glass
bowl. The program contains an interesting list of the
prizes medals, and cups to be presented at this tourna-
ment.

Gun Club secretaries who would like to see the rec-
ords of shoots which they hold from time to time in
Rod and Gun are invited to send these in as soon
atter the shoots take place as possible.

Dead Sure Game.

(By C. L. Gilman in Minneapolis News).

You may cast with a precision that makes each be-
hclder stare,

But your plug will come home fishless—if the fish
he is not there.

Like the silent fall‘of darkness you may still-hunt far
and near, :

But if they are feeding elsewhere you will never see
a deer.

Be your blind however secret, though you wait from
dawn till night,

Not a bird will cross your vision if the ducks are not
in flight. -

But the target always waits you with its plainly print-
ed ‘‘bull,”’

And the clay bird flushes promptly when you speak
the signal, “‘pull.”

92

Registered ~

“Tt occurred to me the other day,’’ writes Mr. John
Townson, of Toronto, the well known trap-shooter
“when looking at one of the latest productions in the
shot gun line, namely an over-and under single (ogee
hammerless ejector, that the sport of trap-shooting had
passed through three distinct stages in the last 46 years.
When I started to shoot in 1870 the muzzle-loader of
various bores was in universal use. I used a 14 gauge
that handled three drs. of black powder and one oz.
of shot very well. There was no restriction as to the
size of the gun but at the tournaments held at that time
there was a very strict rule as to the amount of shot to
be used, and it was one of the duties of the referee to
load the gun with a Dixon standard measure of 1% ozs.
of shot struck (not heaped), consequently the advant-
ages of the big guns were more apparent than real.
Wild pigeons were used in the early 70’s to a large extent
at the different tournaments and it might be said in a
general way that toward the end of the 70’s the wild
pigeon and the muzzle-loader passed from the scene
together. ’

“In the second stage of trap-shooting the oy
breach-loader became the popular gun and for 12 or 15
years was in general use. To show to what extent the
10-bore was used I might mention the fact that in 1886
a tournament was held in Hamilton at which $1,000 in
gold was offered in prizes and there were 112 com-
petitors from all over the United States and Canada,
110 of which used 10-bore guns. W. L. Cameron, of
Ottawa, used a 12-gauge Greener and won first money,
and Mr. Perry, of Boston, used a 12-bore Scott gun.

“After 1890 the 12-bore rapidly took the place of the
10-gauge and the third stage of the sport began, In
fact some time prior to this date the Hurlingham Gun
Club of London, Eng., which had long been recognized
as the leading authority for framing rules relating to
pigeon shooting made the 12-gauge under 8 lbs. the
standard gun for trap-shooting. | ae

“Shortly afterwards the American Association rules
were formed and the 10-gauge was barred from use in
all important tournaments, so that now the 10-bore is
as obsolete as the muzzle-loader, and it is no longer even
necessary to say on the programme that 10-bore guns
and black powder are barred. We have now reached
the third stage of 12-bore guns and smokeless powder.

“In the old days we would shoot at 10 or 15 birds in
the course of an afternoon in some field and enjoy the
sport. Now we have a warm club-house and some of
the members would not think they were having any
sport unless they shot at a hundred or so. ,

“Of course in the days gone by the shooting was
entirely at live birds, now it is at the elusive discs; but
in any case it is grand sport and entices one out in the
open air no matter what the weather is like, and that is
the main consideration. I might write about this
(my favorite hobby) indefinitely, but having a good
deal of regard for the readers of Rod and Gun, I think I
had better cut it short.”

St. Hubert’s Gun Club.

Favorable conditions prevailed for the Saturday
shoot at St. Hubert’s traps, on April 15th. Thirty
shooters went gunning and succeeded in bagging 72
per cent. of the tarhawks shot at. Blyth Beattie was
the king pin of the lot allowing only 4 out of 50 to get
away from him, gathering in his last 25 birds straight.
Ted White was also on the job, knocking the tar out
of 46x 50. Tt might also be said that A. W. Throop
and Jack Heney happened to be there too, each hay-
ing put a crimp in 45 of the mud pies. Following is
a list showing how many flying saucers each shooter

brought down
CLUB SPOONS.
Two Events at 25 iatet

B.. Beattié 84 825 eee 25—46
‘Ted White. (pro:)i..c. a eee eee 22 24—46
AS We SPRTOOp eco. ee ee 21 24—45
J. J.. Heneys Jinn. ee eee 24 21—45
J Be sBapn see eee ee 21 22—43
V.V. Rogers). 22S eee eee 19 24—43
W.. .L: (\Camenons.c. 5, 25 Sere eee 20 20—40
Mr; ‘Srrthi eee ae ee nese eee 20 20—40

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 93

TO

Share the Fun of Trap-
Shooting with Your Family and Friends

EACH your brother, father or sister to shoot. Show
them the sport they can have with a gun. Take them
out to the

Beginners’ Shoots

Last year these shoots were a striking success at every live gun club
in the country. This June they will be bigger than ever with suit-
able trophies for all of the winners.

FOBS FOR THE MEN. A beautiful sterling watch fob will be
given to the beginner making the best score at each Beginners’ shoot .

SPOONS FOR THE WOMEN. _§A sterling
silver spoon of artistic design will be given to
the woman making the best score.

CUPS FOR THE CLUB. The two clubs in
each state having the largest number of be-
ginners participating will receive a handsome
silver loving cup.

JUNE IS THE MONTH

Get ready now! Any club in the country may
hold a shoot in June. Begin work now. Each
member should pledge himself to bring at least
one beginner. Write at once for full details.

TRAPSHOOTING DEPARTMENT

E.[.du Pont de Nemours & Company

Wilmington,
Del., U.S.A.

BEGINNERS --
Write to us for a let-
ter of introduction
to the secretary of
the nearest club
holding a Beginners’
Shoot

Silver Cups,
9 and 714 inches
high, respective-
ly, given to the
two clubs in the
States and Prov-
inces having the
greatest number of Begin-
ners contesting in the
Beginner’s Shoots.

Sterling
Silver
Watch Fob
2/3 Actual

Koa Sterling Silver Spoon, 2/3

actual size) for woman
making highest score in
Special Event for Women.

2 eT SRT LT Pa

94 ROD AND GUN

Geo. Easdale ....... . 18 20—38
F. A. Heney . 17° 21—38
Dr Monro. - ' > .. 19 19—38
C. J. Booth. “ ... 21 17—38
W. D. Monk a ; .. 20 18—38
W. Williams... . 20 17—37
W. C. Little : . 18 19—37
J. M. Robert .. 19 18—37
H. W. Fairchild 15 20—35
G. W. Armstrong ie kee
O: T. Ring 15 18—32
N. Brownlee 16 15—31
Geo. Bryson, Jr. 15 16—31
E, O’Connor 18 13—31
R. A. Sibbitt... 14 15—29
Geo. Morrisette .. 10 14—24
A. * WisKOr ce aos rcs eae ee eee 10 8—18
J. A. Belford : Pes tee eM 2 2— 4

Specials at 25 Blackbirds.

J. J. Heney, Jr., powdered 25 leaving no live ones ;
Ted White busted 24; A. Bedard blotted out 23;
V. V. Rogers touched ’em as: 23, 21—44; en Eas-
dale smashed 22, 40—42: Col. Panet killed ‘ H.
Graham made 19 look sick : F. A. Heney tried aes ines
and let a few get away but still he puly erized 20, 18
—56 : J. M. Roberts handled 18, 17—35 ; R. A. Sib-
bitt missed some out of three trials and R ffed 16,
18, 16, 50; O. T: Ring had several goose eggs but
smothered 17, 14—31; N. Brownlee had 14 dead ;
A. H. Visser made dust of 13, and J. Morris counted
12 in his game bag.

Eight two-man teams entered for the dessert spoons
donated by Dr. I. G. Smith. Scores, primary shoot:
Beattie, 46 ; J. J. Heney, 44—90 : Throop, 44 : Bunn,
42-86 : Roberts, 41: Mohr, 40—81: Smith, 40;
Fairchild, 37—77 : Rogers, 41 ; Easdale, 36—77
eron, 40 ; Ring, 35—75 ; F. A. Heney, 40 ;
35—75 ; Little, 37 ; Sibbitt, 29—66.

: Cam-
Brownlee,

Inclement weather lessened the attend-
ance for = week-end shoot, at St. Hubert’s,
on April 22, only fifteen shooters facing the
traps. A tricky light with an occasional
gust of wind, and the rain, kept the scores
much below the average. Geo. Morrisette,
a beginner with only a few turns at the traps,
carried off the prize for the day, breaking
35 out of 50 with 6 birds handicap Class
“DPD.” Geo. Easdale had 41 out of 50, but
has a minus of one bird, having won a spoon.
For a beginner Morrisette gave a great ex-
hibition by breaking 21 in his first round.
Following is a detailed list of the scores:

Club Spoon.
(Two. events at 53 white flyers.)
Geo basdate:......- 20:5 ae 19 - 22—41
Wie Gameron..:c... 20ers 19 20—39
ACH Bed and te .. >. kee 18 < 21— 39
apt eS UNRee ;. cc. Sea ee 17; -21—38
WAG LGW: 228... 0 Seces so. hav Roe CEL OM AL O=EOO
QO} Fo Rings eee ern oY 5S STS
Geo. Morrisette..................... 21; 14—35
G. B. Greene... ST eS ED Ne Aaa
H. W. Fairchild . sat. 2- SP
VL V. Bosets:.......... So Be
A, WV SOUT os nh ees ci 18 16—34
Rio Cameuemmeres: 2 8 at 12 14-26
Al WO sGreCRe 2 zoe ne 13 194
J: Coline. peri iegans 8 16-24
A> BeeaWirison =e. ro ae 7. 5—12

Some of the shvoters, not satisfied with
their scores, decided on a _ special event.
Each shooter settled down and with few

exceptions better scores were made. One
event at 25 birds: G. B.-Greene, 22; Geo.
Easdale, 22; V. V. Rogers, Pr Bae 0 Yo i Ring,

2OEAEE We Fairchild, ZO s25- B. Bunn, 17;
R. Brown, 1 At Geo. Morrisette, 13 ; ; J. Col-
lins,- 12. =

IN CANADA

A few of the shooters were without part-
ners in the competition for the spoons donat-
ed by Dr. I. G. Smith. The scores in the
semi-final shoot: Cameron 39, Ring 38—
77, Easdale 39, Rogers 33—72; Bunn 37,
Throop 33—70.

R. L. Cameron won the club spoon with
a score of 41 birds, plus 4 handicap, at the
St. Hubert shoot.on April 29. J. J. Heney,
jr., was high with 46, but has a miaus of 2

irds, having won two spoons. Ted White

broke 49 out of 50, the nearest to a possible

at the club this season. Following is a de-
tail of the scores:=- b
Club Spoon.

(Two events ‘at 25 clay piggies

E. G. White (pro.) 7% t 24—49
J. J. Heney, -ir.....4.:.... eee eee
Wd. Johnstone...................... 23 20—43
W.. L. Cameron:..::..::... tie, 8 23 19—42 -@
RB. “Camieron.....%8.. on 05 5c ae
A. W; Throop.........-.2....1.4-cns. eee
O: TF. Rang) cpa er
W:, Williams).<2. (2.00.4... Sea as
J.B.“ Bunn:.....2 ct ee a eee
Geo. Easdale ......05..0./.c0 ee
Dr. Mohr eee cane 20 14—34
AX (Bedardis3 4. 2: 3 bees 18 16—34
A; Els Visser 228. = oe eee 17 16—33
Geo. White... sane Alseaatescige nL Ota
J. M: Roberts... ............ 3.) 2
F. A. ce 15 15—30
C. J. Booth.. iOo4.. ce 1
Geo. Morrisette... 12 9—21

Extras at 25 birds—J. N. “Roberts, 20:5
F. A. Heney, 21, 17—38 ; H.. Graham, 19 ;
A. Bedard, 19; Geo. Easdale, 19, 18—37 ;
J. B. Bunn, 11, 16, :f5—42 ;-G. a Booth,
12 ~ A> Ee Visser, 9, 13—22 ; "RG Stewart,
11 ; Geo. Morrisette, 9.

In the two-man team competitions for
the. dessert spoon donated by Dr. I. G.
Smith, Messrs. Throop and Bunn were the
successful team, taking the prizes by a narrow
margin with a score of 166 out of 200.. Other

’ prizes of this nature voll be put- an for weekly

competition.

St. Hubert’s Gun Club Patriotic Touriament.
J. J. Heney Captured Forbes’ Red Cross Cup.

The annual championship tournament of
the St. Hubert’s Gun Club took place on
April 24th, at the Westboro Traps. Shoot-
ing took place morning and afternoon and
with perfect light and weather conditions
some excellent scores were made. large
number of members. of St. Hubert) Club
took part and-in addition there were some
of the best of the Lachine Gun Club present.
From 9.30. o’clock in’ the morning until near
sun-down the sharp’ crack of the shotguns
rang out. Several thousand targets were
thrown out and the tournament proved one
of the most successful in the history of St.
‘Hubert’s.

The feature of the Fuster Monday pro-
gram was the first: annual shoot: for the
Red Cross Cup, donated by Mr. William
Forbes, a well known local enthusiast. This
trophy must be won twice before becoming
the property of any individual member, all
the proceeds each year to go to one of the
Red Cross institutions. The first winner
turned up-in Mr. J-> J: Heney, Jr., one of

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 95

Songs of Forest
and Stream

—By C. T. EASTON

A Fine Little Collection of Poems
for the Nature Lover and Sports-
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The Trout Stream; Lines on a Mayflow-

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\

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Woodstock, Ont.

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96 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

the youngest and most promising of the
local gunners. Mr. Heney made a_ perfect
run of 25 and none of the others could equal
it, Blyth Beattie being second with 23,
with W. Corby, Dr. Smith, John Boa, V.
V. Rogers and W. J. Johnstone tied with
- 22 each. Only 29 shooters took part, but
it proved an exciting event and “Jack”
Heney’s run of 25 naturally won him many
congratulations. His shooting, of course,
formed the feature of the tournament.

Owing to the fact that the afternoon was
well advanced the visitors from Montreal
were unable to compete in the Forbes Cup
event, being obliged to leave to catch an
early train. However, as the event was
for patriotic purposes, the entire proceeds
being given to the fund for wounded sol-
diers, all those who did not take part paid
their entries, so about $100 was realized for
the deserving cause. J. J. Heney, with his
run of 25, was a popular winner. He shot
somewhat below his usual form in the sweep-
stakes, but came back strong in the cup
match.

The Lansdowne Cup, which is for five-
man teams, was also at stake, being won
by the St. Huberts by a majority of three
birds. St. Huberts No. 1 team scored 100,
while Montreal finished second with 97 and
St. Huberts No. 2 third with 94 to their
credit. The winning team consisted of
Messrs. Blyth Beattie, J. J. Heney, Dr.
Smith, G. B. Greene and George Easdale.
Blyth Beattie with 23 was high gun. This
victory was also a popular one as Mont-
real, until last evening, held the Lansdowne
Cup, which they captured at the annual
shoot at Easter of 1915. As a result of
yesterday’s successes, St. Huberts now have
a monopoly on the various trophies, hold-
ing the Montreal Cup, the Lansdowne Cup,
the Forbes Red Cross Cup, also the Aylwin
Cup (Ten Men). Over forty shooters took
part in the program, 33 of these partici-
pating in the entire shoot.

(High Aggregate).

Ted White, pro. led in the shooting for
the day with 107x120. Beattie led the
amateurs with 105, taking 1st prize, $10.00 ;
Dr. Smith, 2nd, $9.00; Jack Heney and
Howard, 3rd and 4th, $7.50 each ; Greene
and E. O’Connor, $5.50 each.

Ottawa also carried off the Montreal Cup,
which is likewise for five man teams, de-
feating Montreal by 8 birds. The final
score in the Montreal Cup match was 104
to 96, the St. Hubert team consisting of
Dr. Smith and Messrs. G. B. Greene, J. J.
Heney, Blyth Beattie and George Easdale,
while Montreal entered Messrs. Maher, Hart,
Woodward, Howard and Clarke. Dr. Smith
and Maher were high guns with 22 each.
Merrickville and South March were also
represented, sending Messrs. Monk and Kyle.
Each man gave a good account of himself.

Mr. Heney also carried off first prize in
the Merchandise, Blyth Beattie being sec-
ond and George Easdale third. Several
of the Merchandise events were unfinished

and will be decided at the week-end shoot.
Below are the results of the various compe-
titions:

Montreal Cup.

St. Hubert’s. Montreal.
Smarthiy. ec ei 22 Maer oe oD
Greene... 00. dicesccesstl Lamb 24), eee
J. J. Heney ...........21 Woodward o.j008 19
Beattie..:.......;.......220" Howard eee 18
Basdale’s...........i:..20. (Clarke ..) eee 18

Tho tals: hn se 104 Totals. 96

Lansdowne Cup, Five-Man Teams.

St. Hubert’s No. 1. Montreal
Beattieé..::....c2:....0..20 - Malen 452. eee 23
yh. Js Selene yt 22 Howard... ee 22
SSTRMGG: epee tert cake 22 Woodwartd:.......eee 18
GGT CONE:5 8 ott nee 19 Monette]... 18
Basdalevis acre 14 “Mills: ...255, eee 16

"POtAIS tact. LOU Totals... 97

Majority for St. Hubert’s No. 1, 3 birds.

Throop, St. Hubert’s No. 2

O’Connor St. Hubert’s No. 2

Harkin, St. Hubert’s No. 223 eee
Rogers, St. Huber€s No: 2233
Little, St. Hubert’s No. 2

Merchandise Event.

First prize, $15—J. J. Heney, Jr.
Second prize, $10—B. Beattie.
Third prize, $5—Geo. Easdale.

Donors—C. Bethune, G. R. White, J. J.
Heney, Jr., F. A. Heney, C. J. Booth, and
St. Hubert Gun Club.

Other Prizes.

Mat, donated by B. Beattie, won by W.
J. Corby ; Du Pont hand trap, donated by
Ketchum and Co., undecided ; silver cigaret
case, donated by J. Wilmot, won by F. A.
Heney ; case of oranges, donated by W. J.
Corby, won by J. B. Harkin ; rubber boots,
donated by E. G. White, undecided ; ther-
mos bottle, donated by J. B. Harkin, won
by V. V. Rogers ; brass jardiniere, donated
by Wm. Strachan, undecided ; flask, donat-
ed by C. H. Rogers for Class C and D, un-
decided.

Red Cross Cup.
Donated by Wm. Forbes.

One Event at 25 Birds.

J. J. Heney, Jr., 25; B. Beattie 2a ee
J. €orby, 22; Dr. Smith, 22 >\Johneeee
(pro.), 22; V. V. Rogers, 22; W. J. John-
stone, 22 ; E. G. White (pro.), 21 ; E. O’Con-
nor, 21; A. W. Throop, 21; F. A. Heney,
20; W. C. Little 20; H. O’Connor, 20; G.
B. Greene, 19; Geo. Easdale, 19; W. L.
Cameron, 19; J. B. Harkin, 17; R. A. Sib-
bitt, 17 ; Geo. Morrissette, 17; H. W. Fair-
child, 16; N. Brownlee, 15; W. Slaney,
15: Wm: Tell; 15; 0. T: Ring, 15 >Gee
Rogers, 15; W. D. Monk, 14; Geo. White,
14 ; Dr. Mohr, 13 ; Wm. Forbes, 12.

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

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98 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

Sweepstakes % a
, oe wy oe es 5S I IE 1b: = ae Se <
whe eek ; ’ High © * 2 Bibh+ High Tl.shot |
‘tr Name: . Rose. Rose.. Gun. Rose. Rose.» Gun: Rose, Gun. —at. Se'd. '
ANhite, E.G. (pro.):=........ 14 ko 134 ¥ 43 6 14 14. 13 120 -° .107
8 OTR Seer rc 11 15-14 edd? 93 2 OD
(Sch ee 14 gdb 14 Ae Ss
\Sdehey-B J. Ur vce. SEL AL -1300 138 14 13 812 TRO Oe,
“Howard... eee. 4a 3 -512-- 7 AS iPr AF 1200 «102 |
Bike TH.. (PROs) onc. RO ee 15 11 12 15 13 1? 11 120 101
EOS SE eal, eee eee ey 10 13 13 <1 14 12 14 120 100
Oieonnor, (Bic acts 11 14 14 13 12 13 11 12 120 100
Settandale: 205.2 -ccccct ences ee Oe 13 14 12 14 10 13 120 99
ET A ea oe ee 10 10 12) -As14 12 13 14 120 99
SN EOODY cio sche eee aes 12 13 13 12 11 14 Ve 11 120 99
TET ay ew ene pee” Peas by 13 A 12 11 3 11 10 120 98
Woodward tis.c.-Aacwccpe-. 12 13 14 13 af 10 12 12 120 97
bdricizi.* > 0:5.cs eee... 1d 14 9 13 10 9 13 14°, 120 95.
Movers, Vi Vierwch. tes... SA 10 13 1? 12 9 12 14 120 ee
Whiter Geo: 20.05.33. 212 13 at 9 ui iba 7 12 120 91 j
TEE) 2 ae ai eee 9 10 8 rE 5 ae 13 14 11 120 90
NGO eases ee oes cease ose 10 12 14 10 10 12 10 10 120 88
RaRING! ac tah ie ik 12 11 11 12 ay 8 10 11 120 87
INAS ieee ao ent es Sener 8 el 10 12 10 8 14 12s 28 85
Wie seek a ek 9 11 12 iG! 10 8 ig 120 84
EE ro ek ae eee eee 11 12 I +2 1? 11 10 9 ae 8) pe
Monette ...... 9 8 12 9 1? 10 10 14 120 84
Brawnlee:.....0.. sce 9 14 10 11 9 8 11 120 82 :
Heney; FA. 2.5. 9 14 9 11 12 9 7 120 81 r
FROG eee ene «eee 11 12 13 6 10 7 11 10 120 80
Shiney 0 ee... eave 8 8 11 11 9 10 11 120 79
Clarke. 20.08 s... Soe 13 10 11 9 9 9 if, 120 7S
IW OR ies ee his ees 9 10 10 9 12 9 8 9 120 76
Baotou eee ¥¢ 1k dia 7 10 Te ig 120 76
Panieron = |. skeen ee ath 9 11 10 8 10 9 120 73
ARTS Ne oe Oe a ee a 8 8 3 8 Ti 7 7 8 120 56
Morrisette........... ......:. 9 9 8 5 8 6 6 5 120 56
1 ee eee Be eis ae 10 9 i uF 11 10 ae xe ee 0 67
ES TC See eee: 8 5 4 7 8 ae ae te £6) 35
WS GRIIOL.) EP iste. cee ae ae 25 “ie = 14 13 30 27
IQ StONG 265 oo eke ere as ae oe na oe 11 15 30 26
PROMEUS Host oaa eore so ep aa. ce =< ae a5 se) 10 8 30 18
IRORD ES es 28s oe ee ee = a Sa ae 10 6 8 45 24
Provera te. 41 ea Aes ae Ss. ne “ee a 6 7 30:<, nts
Galt Gun Club Tournament Was a Big Success. his team. This time he missed only one of the 25
The Galt Gun Club’s trap-shooting .tournament birds, winning first money with a total score of 71
on the club grounds down the river, on Good Fri- out of 75 birds. With first money decided, two teams

day proved a decided success; ‘in fact, it was the were still left a tie for second place with 70 each to
biggest and best tournament that has ever heen held their credit, and with rain falling and the hour getting
in this vicinity.. Despite a threatening sky early late, a shoot-off did not take place, and on the “throw-
in the morning, in the neighborhood of sixty crack up” the Payne-McCance team won. = “ a
shots put in an appearance at the traps and the wea- _ - George Mannix, of St. Thomas, was the high ama- _
ther turned out to be ideal for the event, the rain teur gun of the tournament, he having scored 143°
holding off until the evening. _ Pret ae __ targets out of_a possible of 150. Sam Vance, of Till- —:
The province was well represented, some of the sonburg, one of Canada’s best known shots, was fied =" 4
best shots being present from Toronto, London, with Gooderham and Hunter, of Toronto, for second
Hamilton. Brantford, Ottawa, St. Thomas and Tillson- place with 142, while Nelson Long and Charlie Sum-

eels Man he s 4

burg. _« merhayes, of Brantford, were tied for fifth money

The feature of the tournament was the shooting with a score of 141. f ic =

by Ted White, the Dupont professional, who, out of The only lady shooter to take part in the tourma- 3

a possible of 150, made a score of 147. It was while ment was Mrs. O’Loane. of St. Thomas, who made

using a strange gun after something went wrong with a very good, showing. 7 ;

his own, that he missed two of the birds. The tournament proved that in the Galt Gun Club {

* he best performance of an amateur gunman was there are some shots who can hold their‘own with the ==

that of Harry Teat; Jr., a local boy. Unfortunately, best in the province, and on the whcle the scores made —_

this was the last event on the program and only a were good. Rs ea

small number witnessed the splendid record. Those~ | There was a big crowd of spectators~at the traps _~ 3

present showed their appreciation of Teat’s fine work -in the afternoon, including many outsiders; who, en-. 4

-- by gathering about him after he had won the team joyed the work of the gunmen. £ x: Saerlee

= event-and extending their congratulations. Teat had The success of this, the first big open tournament: ~ ~{

--3yot taken part in any other event in the tournament, of the local club will mean that further tournaments . = =

—==and in the team event was coupled with A. McRobb, can be-expected ‘in Galt. =e j

| of ‘Beintford. They. were the last pair to shoot, and =) — The Winners. -- .- AEE

| =s>there* were then three pairs tied for the prizes with a The prize -winners were: aes

} ~. “Score ef-47. This competition was a twenty-five.__—_High~ average—I1st, _W ix,- St Thomas,#*>* 5

=. bird shoet.- Teat_made2a Score of 25.straight, while — 143; 2nd. Stevens, ‘ 2&: Vartce; Fillsonburgy.- ‘|
, “=“his "partner got-22 eut of the.2% birds, leaying-them and J.. Hunter,.ddamilton, tied with~ 142; dividing = —S

“a tie with the other three teams With 47 out of 50- *the money; Sth, N. Long, Hamilton, and C. Summer-
birds.__It_being necessary to have a shoot-off to de- hayes, Brantfgr jed=with 141, dividing _the mancy._
cide the winners, one man irom each of the four teams Two-man team event—lIst, F eat, ait, and-
was selected to shoot. ahd Harry Teat* represented = -A. McRobb, Brantford, 71 out of 75>2ndlJ. Payne, eS

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 39

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SNAG-PROOF, WEEDLESS FISHING BAIT “WOBBLER MODEL”

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There is one way to do it—the right way, and once done
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sprung by a snatch or pull on the line.

Note—When fishing very foul or weedy waters, seat the
hooks more firmly in the graduated flanges, nothing then
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In clearer waters the hooks can be set to release at a very
The bait in the left hand ready to depress the light pull. Strike when the ‘pull’? comes, there is no

hooks for insertion into flanges. reason then for ever missing a fish.

TO SET THE HOOKS

Follow the instructions carefully, once should
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The hooks will remain under the flanges for
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when the bait should be taken from the water
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THE} RESULT—
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Special Note to Anglers—To get this bait under the notice under the flanges, the
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Manufacturers of Patent Swivels, Leaders, Flies, Snelled Hooks and Fishing Tackle Specialties

100

Tillsonburg, and W. J. McCance, St. Thomas, 70

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

The prizes in this event were umbrellas, which

out of 75. came in very handy, because it began to rain just
when the shoot took place.
Scores Made by Amateurs and Professionals.

Number of Targets. 15... koe 15 15 15: 15) 2 TDi Th 25
W. Barnes ener ies Joho? We 14 15 14 12 14 15 13 13 15 23 175 162
M. Carr.... canes ey. = TE 15 16 13 14 11 11 12 12 12 25 175 155
R. Day .. = [= 4S LS 14 15 14 14 15 14 11 12 150 137
J. McCausland its 14 14 13 15 13 12 14 14 15 14 24 175 162
H. D. Sherwood 13 14 15 14 13 14 13 13 14 13 18 175 154
C. SummerHayes 14 14 14 15 15 13 15 14 15 124: 2) 175 162
J. SummerHayes 13 14 14 12 14 13 14 15 13 13/ 23 175. Ads
J. A. McRobb 12 13 12 14 13 13 14 15 12 12 22 175 152
L. Golden 15 13 12 15 14 13 ra 15 13 15 24 175 164
Col. Page ..... 15 12 12 13 14 13 14 13 13 13 22 175 154
W. Fenton ..... 13 13 13 14 12 15 14 12 13 14 20 175 153
H. Winters 3 bi 15 13 12 14 9 14 15 10 15 14 23 175 153
E. G. White..... Re ene, rd lin 459 15 15 15 15 15 14 15 13 15 150 147
ESET. WES co asec sd ances: alk web pes i. te ASS S14 10 4-15: “@is- 3 175 156
A. Wilson oo Jee =e 12 13 14 10 13 11 14 14 13 14 21 175 149
F. W. Toles... Ne rae ease 15> 715, 4.53 9 13 Po (he ie 14 15 22 175. “458
E. Clark Se ee) ee a iS 12 15 15 14 15 13 15 14 14 23 175 163
PP Wathen. ..5.sschessosarserees Linsey v6 6 9 9 8 9.2513 — 10s 9 ~J2 175 104
J. Dennis ete 13" Ou | es 13. 414) 12 14. 14> 23 175. Sioo
T. Doherty.. seeat Gin tecceeeecedancatende 7 11 11 10 14 13 12 9 12 11 17 175 127
SEAT Ca ArS IAN foes. ctv etre seas 14 5: 14. 15. 14 oS 14 8 i ee 175 - 162
MATE We Gane <ccoc. ats oscccnessectes CADIS FIO; 13 TD a IO ee ees 175 °-.144
OPAVE <.ok sil tecadiietar esas 1S tS) SIs SIS eS See 1a ety el a ees 175 160
0 OOR REA, hcgy--ccov-cedeovens 11 11 14 14> 12) eta 14), 345, 214 eoo 150 129
Mixrs) WD: QO" Loane:. 565 -2k..i sc eee ii | 13 11 12 13 13 9 8 10 11 150 111
Nee einige ene ee ne cee | De ried 15 S95 AS SS a 175 165
NeSE charmbdent.) Cetin LO ake 1 aes (0! 8 9.0. - 12 A es 175/158
Bgl iy] tt eee eas ene Reema 14 12 14 14 14 12 13 12 13 14 23 175 155
9 LD TL TY SE gale Penns Teese 12 14). 13% STS eeT4 PO ae A ae 175 453
W. Doherty .. 15 14 12 13 14 14 12 14 14 14 22 175 158
ERR Bra (aa See RE ae ele a ee 15 13 15 14 13 11 11 14 13 13 20 175 152
5 eek G8 SARE Sa epee oe gee ee 15 12> als 9 9 9 rf 9 8 9 14 175 114
6 CL pee ae ee nar romeo er 3 = 10 eg Oe | 11 13: < 400.212. 9S eon 175 > 186
iS Bi Gad EG Cea ep ae pr 13 15 12 14 14 15 12 TS. Fale 14 23 175 157
SoG Vance. ances. $< en eel. ! 13) ebb a4) 1a 15 ots 15 a eect 175 166
EE Bo McGilvery........2.. 13 12 14 9 13 12 13 10 14 14 19 175 143
Jo Wane’. ceca Be eens. SS ID hs ar eel Olio a et 13. S13. 175.°- 24
We Jc ek echesone 24. icc, ASUS Sb lS ies 12 he ie eee 175° “iss
2 rm I A eee ep ik: em bi Ree Gh 12. [1s 15 12 5 a ie 175. * “156
Geodsralison:. oct ct. eee 1S 1D ale 11 11 12). Ass 14a <td ee 175 > 146
GS ATA EK o> Soe ooo. cons eee 14 tris, ls eee: 1a 14 S152) 15a) 2 175°. “164
iD SS errr ereces rene 14. 14° ~14-- “1h as 4 132. 14. 9 AS Via ae 175 161
Ufa) pb) Sa Re 13-215 14-- 4 — SIS 13-51 Sy bee 175 163
SEOUL Spy Se ee eee, eee 14> 12° 4 a eae a ee gi 14: 221 175) 7-355
W. H. Gooderham 14° 152-45) Sb AS iS ess ts Aes 175 164
E. F. W._ Salisbury 13) HAs is] JS 14-145 10 15 14 145 118
W. J. Bedwell 13° S12 5 aad to 312-— 145 4 20 145: | 26
Ale Near oc 2 orev cece. caceece 5 9 7 8 12 85 41
Be eNMABON «| 22a. -ssnc-ceszecseesshzoss 12 9 8 9 18 85 56
se Pee PalM eM t-tssyc0c-0-seseteeee 9 15 12 8 60 44
PNeriS oS a eee 15° --44. ll 24 70 64
Fe PP AVICRE.«..2 5.00 .5-ceect Sessseteseoees 42° ots 30 25
P. J. Boothe ........ 1 ce WS bee ns | 60 53
1 2) Cos 9 1: | ee 11 11 160-30 60 42
(PRPS SOR SE ee ere ire cs 11 13 30 24
[EU 0) rae ck eh eee re oe a Ss." 10-” 7 este 60 42
W. Mander....:.......... 12. —33:—— iS 60 49
‘CQL CS eee ne oe 14. = 10-12 45 36
(2 Gao Se | eee : ie 25) 7 2A 50 49
POU meinen area Ta ec! 5. <s..cncceveeccaovaemectonen 12, Sta a 60 51

*Professional.

Long runs were-made ‘by, E:. G. White, Ottawa... iio cceu.sremee => 90

S. G: Vance; .Tilsonburg::... 3.) eer eee 68>

W. Stevens, Toronto: > oceans 56

IN. Laong,. Hamilton: 222 3caecenct eee 56

A lot of credit for the success of the tournament is due the U.M.C. representative, Geo. Cashmore, Tor-

onto, who had charge of the office.
Harry Teat, Jr., a local boy,
Payne, McCance team by 1 bird.

made 25 straight and 24 in the shoot off in the team shoot leading the

First 10 Events, 15 targets money divided Rose system 5, 4. 3,2. 11th Event, 2-man novelty team shoot

4 trophies.
56; E. G. White, Ottawa, 96*.

National Gun Club..

The regular weekly shoot of the National Gun Club
was held on the club grounds on Saturday, May 6th.
J. Summerhayes won a cut glass bowl, breaking 50
targets straight. F. Morrison wonthe shield. Scores:

. Shot at. Broke
J. Summerhayes 50 50
APC amipbell no. ee eee 50 47
J. Turner. jr 50 46
J. Monkman 50 44
FY Anderson. cre checcncensoeascsantonasanesene 50 43
MP VIG EEAS OMS. <2. 2:20. co sas scocteceneeaceencere<eeeee 50 38
yes mbar o..-; 50 41
F. Fowler.......... 25 15
Je (Pearce. s.ccceece-to2-s- 25 21
Pte. G. Turnet.......... 50 29
J. Turner, sr. 20 17

Long runs made by S. G. Vance, Tilsonburg, 68; W. Stevens, Toronto, 56: N. Long, Hamilton,

Stanley Gun Club.
The Stanley Gun Club held their usual weekly
shoot Saturday afternoon, April 22nd. Norman was

high man for the day, breaking 162 out of 175, in-
cluding two straights of 25 each. Stevens was sec-
ond with 156 out of 175, including 50 straight, and
ollowing

H. R. Winter also made 25 straight.
are the scores:—

The

Vivian

Winter

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 101

Exercise Produces Brain and Brawn
| ee es ee es

WE MAKE

Shoes For Every Sport
Baseball, Golf, Hockey, Tennis,
Running, and all Athletic Shoes.

=
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— ASK FOR CATALOG R. & G. ——

Witchell-Sheill Co. Makers Detroit, Mich.
MASON’S DECOYS FOOL THE WISEST

More ‘‘wise’’ ducks have fooled themselves on MASON’S DECOYS
than on any other decoys made. ‘‘Wise’’ gunners bag these ducks.
Largest makers in the world of all species—DUCK, SNIPE, GEESE
SWAN, CROW. Every sportsman should have our illustrated
catalog. Free on request.

MASON’S DECOY FACTORY, 462 Brooklyn Ave., Detroit, Mich.

“PREMIER" MALLARD Reg. U.S. Patent Office

Here's The Sight You Have

Been Looking For
| ee, MARBLE’ VICKERS-MAXIM FRONT SIGHT

on detached disk
shows actual size

Acknowledged by many experts to be FAR SUPERIOR to any bead sight for quick, easy,
accurate sighting. Embedies an optical principle that is entirely new to most shooters, but
IT GETS RESULTS. Will improve YOUR shooting wonderfully. Made according to specifi-
cations which careful tests have proven RIGHT. Faceand lining of aperture made of gold, !giving a lustrous
surface. Easy tosee in any light—will not blur. Get one for YOURrifle now and see how much better you
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\ dy fodel 1894 and "95 carbines, New Springfield and .280 and .303 Rossrifies - - Price only $1.50

MARBLE’S FLEXIBLE REAR SIGHT

The ideal rear sight to use in connection with the V-M Front Sight. Sight is not rigid but is held by a flexible
spring. If struck sight does not break—it gives, then instantly flies back to position

for shooting. Give the sight a flip with finger and snow or water is instantly removed.

Used and recommended by thousands of famous sportsmen. - Price $3.00
Fither sight sent by mail postpaid, if not at your dealers. W rite for Sight Circular and catalog of Marble’s
Sixty Specialties for Sportsmen. Sample Nitro-Solvent Oil free if you mention dealer's name.

MARBLE ARMS & MFG. CO. _ - ___- __581 Delta Ave., Gladstone, Mich., U.S.A.
ae A ae

Tents to Send for
Rent Sails.
Yy PA AS

W.E. PIKE, 1468 Queen St. W.
Phone Park 73 TORONTO Phone Park 2358

FISHING TACKLE THAT STANDS THE TEST

ORVIS RODS
REELS, FLIES, MINNOW TRAPS

Special Four Ounce Fly Rod Now Ready
For Delivery.

Not the Cheapest but the Best Is Our }Motto.

CHARLES F. @RVIS CO., MANCHESTER, VT.

Catalogue on Request. Mention Rod and Gun.

102 ROD

Dorf... 75 63
Joslin. 95 85
Tomlin 85 73
Hogarth 75 57
Bedwell 50 45
Sh ee ec pee 25 15

Doubles— . Pairs. Broke.

Vivian........ ' Pass 12 15
Stevens 12 21
Winter... <:.. 12 15
Hughes 12 9
SaliSDUSYV. <5 c.csce-oe 12 16
50) | ee 12 15
Norman 12 20
Joslin. Ep 12 18
Hogarth 12 19
Skey 12 9

W. T. Ely was the winner of the O. L. Macklem
Challenge Trophy at the Stanley Gun Club on Sat-
urday afternoon, May 6th, with a score of 94 out of
100. and was closely followed by Messrs. Stevens and
Millington, who broke 93 each. “Mr. White, of Otta-
wa, was present and broke 88 straight. The follow-
ing were the scores for the Macklem Cup, out of 100
targets: E. White (professional) 98, Ely 94, Stevens
93. Millington 93, Joslin 92, Norman 91, Dunk 91
Bedwell 86. Dorf 85, Tomlin 85, Salisbury 79, Hughes
76, Marsh 55. In the regular events the scores were
as follows:— Shot at. Broke.

White.......... . 150 144
Sere sake ares ae eras 150 137
IN ORNS aes eee aoe ag a note ont Cesens 150 137
Joslin Sota ae eae te eee 125 115
Millingstons.<2 s..4..---3.-- 125 113
Dunk: “Sees 125 111
SB Penn Rei ano OS aE Be nee eiee 125 109
Rowen sess = pe he oe 125 108
Temi :.25%<2-2: ) Dee 104
Bye ee a ees ees ei nee 115 104
SGHSBUPY «: (25. 25-<-:- sv. - + a ceeeeeencuota aera 125 101
Hughes 125 101
Niarshi.........tee-ee 125 74
Cashmore. x........0=- : 75 61
Summerhayes... ............. 75 55
Monkman. ........ 50 40
etd 2. ee 50 39
Mackenzie....... 50 39
Doubles— Pairs. Broke.
A ry Se ae eee eee 12 19
BLT 7 ee eae ees 12 14
PnWhkees.. <:-5: 12 15
Bedwelle 62/2 8A kes eee 12 15
osbuee.. S60 Se 12 17
Salisbury 12 a7,
Norman 12 22
Hughes 12 12
Stevens 12 17
UT ol ae ae es Rr re Pee 10 11

. Balmy Beach.

The regular club shoot of the Balmy Beach Gun
Club was held on April 22nd. The day was ideal
for the sport. Mr. E. G. White, of Ottawa, was on
hand and gave a good account of himself, getting 129

out of 135. Messrs. Nicholls and. Bernard had 25
straight. Scores:—
: Shot at. Broke.

Bs Gra WWRI ES 28 Sto 2 eee oe 135 129
BURG SAW vas occ. ocak oS 32
PD) IMC Graw....8.....0.5.-.s2s000:- Cerro PI ay es 98
GaN whermard.:..s-...2 eee ee 90 82
Bip) RSELOUGSON....<1.5-..-22n---e-.--- ee 70 64
Vie bem DCT St a ese aise IT 51
RRS Be et eRe Re eee 45 39
W. -F. Hodgson......:.......... ree eit eae se: 39
&> Sz Nicholls) 4e5-5.-.-.:-. er ree a Al 65
UG itis ee he ee re eee a 5 43
Gage eae crs) ee ee eee, A 45 35
AS Bi Grape tte 2-2-3. Sn ee ee OD 88
P. J. Boothe : fg ADS 86
E. H60e ye... =. et Pes makes 39
Cc. N. Candee 88
oh he eh eC SEAS sre SEH OSES SEAS EOD ERC CEE 53
G. H. Cotton 34
S. S. Cameron ~ 38
G. (Pike? 3.5 ee 22
F. Foster..... Al
Diggs 21h rs Dyce 72
D. A. Cameron 56

The regular weekly shoot of the Balmy Beach Club
was held on Saturday afternoon, May 6th The day
was fine and good scores were made in the spoon shoot
Messrs. Craig, Cutler, McGaw, W. Hodgson, Bur-
rows, Candee and T. Hodgson were tie, and in the
shoot-off Tom Hodgson won out. The scores:—

AND GUN IN CANADA

Shot at. Broke.

CoN. Gandecsininmninamrntivwanwn... 120
W. H. Cutler....... . 120
T. D. McGaw........ ee Se ee +. 95
ees Spl De 11 eecenemerrer a en A
yO TY Tc Re om eye Robe a een sh: a
P. J. Boothe.. ay ae See
C. S. Davis: eT Sadae pei.
Ly EB Hodgson..2.2.65454 J at
IVY A CR EIIIOL Ys 0.0 tees a; eee ten ate mere SI
WB. FOG QSON ds vis. oce> cnegess ss er svtheose 70
W. Booth. ; ¢ f . 85
N. Candee........ i= Kevin. eae
TT: Gs sSHAW: a... «.c¢-siciucn ete Mesos: cso dvess dabie 60
G. Burrows La : es ee a.
A. V. Trimble. .... Lb Bees tA |
G. H. Smith...... f ers eho 25
H. Wase.. Oi a eee cous ee
J. Boothe..... Ds a NOME, 35
C.usAz Thomas... ; : eR 50
C. S. Nicholls —. Bon coceneose
FROSTED: orcs, cokire- dah tees |

Mimico Gun Club.

111

The Mimico Beach Gun Club held a shoot on Fri-

day morning at their grounds, Lake Shore I

the special event P. Jermyn was high gun, Le
jr., second, and Hunter third. The followin

the scores:— Shot at.
Serson€ £4... [A 052.85...RkGA.S. ce ee 182
Jermyn 192
Drew?s.t24..22h ae he te eee 92
Burnett 25
Wiss 0 eet, 43
Hutchison........... 50
M1 Cah Aah a. 50
Harrison................ 95
Huntenck =e fees 75
GT So ce ee eh eee ee 25
Bowman... 25
Pia ehes:. 2 ee ee eee 75
Dods... 69
J. Kay SS
Lowest..2..5..3. 75
Doughty. lea eee 88
Bewns..§..7..2.. 7.2 oe eae
Leedham, sr Ree
Lieed barre yr oo ioiccncs tees ne ee 50
hWHEIGG2. 0. oe ee ae ee 50

Road. In
edham,

were
roke.
150

At the weekly shoot of the Mimico Beach Gun Club
on Saturday afternoon, May 6th, Dr. Serson was high
gun, Hunter second, and W. Jull third. The contest

was for chickens.

Ruthven Gun Club Tournament.

The following were the scores:—
Shot at. ge

The following are scores made at the Ruthven Gun

Club Registered shoot on April 21st:—
Shot at

Dr. S. Conover
12 14 13
F. H. Conover

J. W. Hart

. 13 19 14 19 13 16 15 20
Mrs. F. H. Conover

13.15 12 17 10 15 12.13

*G. M. Dunk
G. Sharpe
R. Kirk
A. Sharon

16 9

8 14.10 14 10 14 10-17
14°13) Pk 14 LOPE SS
115 f207e93
J. Pentland
12 12 15 10 14 14 14
2

F. Stotts
1 8 16-13 16 12412
W.A. See 4

Theo. Wigle
15 20 13 19 13 19 13 18

| 13 13 17 12.13
14 19 13 16 14 19 15 17 14 19
5 18
12 11
14 15 12 16 13 19 13 19 13 19
Tri
7 5
12 19
8 18
11 13
19 12 19 14 20 14 19 13 19
12 18

Broke.

132

° 160.

162

130

153
118
103
148
126

122.

163

~ 160:

ROD AND GUN IN, CANADA 103

CANADIS-SS

FN Reliable
GUIDE To PLACES
Trt ive UP To THEIR PRAISES

FISHERMEN, CANOEISTS, CAMPERS!

Algonquin Provincial Park, Ontario’s FISHING AND HUNTING

3,000,000-acre Forest and Game Preserve is a virgin

Lakeland of 2,000 lakes and streams comparatively un- .

fished. Rare opportunities for Live Game Photography. A Certainty at ee Ss; pee

2,000 feet elevation Immune from Hay Fever Lake of Man y eight lakes, afford the
Highest and Coolest Resort in Ontario y angler and_ vacationist

glorious sport, glorious air

HOTEL ALGONQUIN Islands Camps an glorious appetites.

- - Rare . . Let us send you our booklet of accurate information

at Jor dake Station ip the Starting Paintpot the direct | HF wit ifustrations of small, mouth black bass, lake
os 7 : trout, deer and bear caug y our guests last season.

The hotel affords every requisite and comfort for ladies | Our Camps are new, clean and comfortably furnish-

pad eeaenien, with fine Trout and Bass fishing close at | ed. _Table a well supplied with fresh home cooked
: : Pee ood from our farm and garden. old spring water
Complete Outfitting and Provisioning Store, Canoe and supplied. Rates are most reasonable. Our policy is

Boat Livery. Guides procured. Six hours from Ottawa,
eight from Toronto. Pullman service.

Tourists entering Canada do not require passports.

to please our guests. Reference cheerfully given.
Please write address in full.

Information and booklet of FRED 18 SCHMELER, Prop.,
L. E. MERRELL, Prest., Algonquin Hotel and Box 51, - Magnetawan, Ontario, Canada
Outfitting Co., Ltd., Mowat P. O., Ontario | SARE A TTS

! F you want a Moose, Mountain Sheep, Black or
ALASKA - Kodiak Brown Bear, small game or Trout fishing
in virgin streams, and the most beautiful scenery

in the world, including moving Glaciers, Mt. McKin-
ley, Volcanos, Totem Poles, Alaskan Indians, Gold

Big Game Mining, ride on the Government Railroad, and many

other interesting scenes.

Write C. L. VOTAW, Government Licensed Guide,
Season Seward, Alaska, or F. F. PULVER, 133 Rugby Ave.,
Rochester, N.Y., who has been out with me, has some

August fj int eet ae
Open 15th. ine trophies and will give you quick information.

(Many other references. )

TIMAGAMI S282,
| Lake Timagami, Ont., Can.
| The unspoiled country—A camp with every com-
fort inthe heart of 39.000:sq. miles of virgin forest
—1500 lakes. Best fishing in Canada; Bathing,
Tramping, and Canoe Trips—Guides. One night
from ‘Toronto. Excellent table. Write for Booklet.
Miss A. ORR, 250 Wright Ave., Toronto, Ont.

The Favorite Spot

Gaspe Basin for Health Sport.

Charming resort for sportsmen and pleasure-
seekers. The vicinity affords beautiful scenery, fine
sea-bathing and unexcelled fishing. . Guests have
the privilege of salmon and trout fishing in connec-
tion with the house. Salmon and trout fishing par
excellence. Best salmon fishing on Pool commenc-
es first week in June. Don’t miss the sport.

Baker’s Hotel $2523. SHOOTING AND FISHING IN QUEBEC

Fe - So long and favorably known, offers first class The finest place in the Province to spend your vacation
accommedation for tourists with all the comforts of Oneuhindrede and ititiy lakes! within thesbouudarieslol
home. - Has been greatly enlarged, up-to-date in the club grounds, excellent trout and pike fishing Moose.
every respect.,Rooms with baths,: hat and cold caribou, deer and bear in ‘season® also feathered same
water. Tennis courls, croquet. lawn, etc. Before - Outlying camps, good guides and canoes Ty Sas
making-your:plans for the summer,outing be sure cross the club grounds. Write for booklet and° complete

to write tor terms and other information to

BAKER’S HOTEL, GAS PE; QUE.

information.

A. TREMBLAY, Prop. Chateau St.Maurice, LaTuque,P.Q.

104

A. Eastman
9

A.16-10015: 11617 212 3810-32 133
E. Marchand ,
12.17 11 34.12 17-14. 144 J8't8 137
O. Orton
10 16 14 18 10 20 11 11 10 16 136
P. Shanks
11 16 15 14 14 14 12 14 10 15 135
A. Bunn
IS 47 12° i7 32 14 138 15. 34.98 145
Will Smith
12°15 44: & § ASAS- 12 9.43 117
H. Burk
1} 18°36 * .4 14- 81317 3 101
D. Smith
13 16 15 12 12 19 14 20 13 16 150
A. Thompson
14 17 13 16 10 16 14 14 11 15 140
Cc. S. King
12 16 14 16 12 18 13 16 14 16 147
Tim Heady
21,19 15-14-14 15 15 15-814 140
E. A. Drake
LLAL A244 dS 14.16 oS. 121
M. W. Wigle
13 20 14 17 15 16 14 15 12 17 153
Mrs. Vogel
14 16 13 20 14 19 13 16 13 18 156
B Steele
43 17,11 18 12:20) MIG RAsS 141
C. Van Buskirk
C0519) 13-95 1G AF Ta Aa es, 140
J. Steele :
14 19 14 18 14 11 14 17 f4 16 151
*T. Parker
2 20 15 18 13 19 15 18 14 19 163
H. Smith
14 18 14 18 13 19 15 16 13 19 159
Geo. McIntosh
3 Ea ae Wig IS pe I A 85 73
C. Duggan
10 18 9 50) 37

Dr. R. D. Sloane
141016 55 40
*Professionals

The Trap-shooting Fan. :

There is no close season on the trap-shooting sport.
It is a game that may be played in winter, summer,
fall or spring. _ u ‘ ae

The only training trip necessary is the weekly visil
to the local club grounds where good fellows get to-
gether for an afternoon’s sport with the elusive but
fascinating clays.

There is a peculiar satisfaction attached to the
performance of breaking 97, 98 or 99 of one’s century,
but the fellow who breaks 70 or 80 per cent. of his
“saucers” probably gets just as much fun out of cell-
ing why he did not get the other twenty or thirty as
the top-notcher who nonchalantly explains how that
left quarter got away. :

There are more alibis to the square inch in trap-
shooting than in the entire field of any other sport.
Still, that is one of the factors that make the game
interesting. If a shooter could not explain a poor
performance he would have no adequate excuse for
playing the game.

But can any one suggest a better place for sports-
men to congregate than at the regular Saturday after-
noon shoot of the home town gun club. Of course
not. These gatherings promote a spirit of friendli-
ness, brotherhood and sportsmanship that will come
in no other way. re ;

Besides, the subject of arms and ammunition is
sure to come up for discussion. Have you ever heard
such expressions as, “Say, Joe, what do you thing
of the 3 1-8 ounce and a quarter load?” or, ““That
three dram one ounce load is sweet, isn’t she. Sam?
Gets ’em, too.” And then again, “The stock’s too
straight Bill, not enough drop, you’re shooting over
*em,”’ which brings us to the question, ““What would
we do without the fan?” He is indispensable. We
cannot do without him. He knocks, but he invariably
comes back with a boost which is always harder than
his knock. Therefore, be a booster if you have to get
on the top rail of the fence and yell yourself hoarse
for the grand old “‘Sport Alluring.”

The Lefever Arms Company’s entire gun plant
has been moved from Syracuse to Ithaca, N.Y.

In its new location the Lefever plant has one of
the best water powers in New York State with ample
room for expansion.

Beside the buildings already occupied, a new assem-
bling building is under construction and it is planned
to erect additional buildings next fall, so the Lefever
capacity —_ doubled in 1917. For fifty years the
Lefever has n a high grade shotgun.

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

Its inventor, the late Dan Lefever, known to thou-
sands of sportsmen as “‘Uncle Dan,” was a gunsmith
of the old school. His son Edward Lefever is with
the new plant.

Correspondence should hereafter be addressed to
Lefever Gun Co., Ithaca, N.Y.

The E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co. have just issued
a_ pamphlet on trapshooting leagues which is brimful
of information. It is to trapshooting what the base-
ball guide is to baseball. It explains the benefits
derived by trapshooters and clubs from trapshooting
leagues ; the inside workings of the best leagues in
the country, and how to organize such leagues.

Trapshooting is now possible everywhere and for
everybody.

It is now possible for trapshooters to purchase clay

targets in lots of 100.
_ Targets in lots of 100 is an idea that will appeal
instantly to everyone interested in trapshooting, and
means that the sport can be enjoyed anywhere, every-
where and whenever sportsmen are so inclined.

On hunting parties, automobiles and boating trips,
where economy of space and weight of equipment are
important considerations, a hand trap, a bag of targets,
a gun and a supply of shells can always be accommo-
dated, and will mean a difference between plenty of
sport and pleasure, or a monotonous round with little
or nothing to occupy the minds and hands.

Five Shooting Points. ay

There are five shooting points ranged in a semi-circle
back of the “trap” to accommodate the five shooters
who make up a squad. Beginning with No. 1, which
is the extreme left position facing the traps, the shoot-
ers take turns, each man when his turn to shoot comes,
assumes the shooting position with the gun at his
shoulder and calls “pull.” The trapper who stands
back of the shooters and has a lever connected with the
trap releases a spring arm which scales the target into
the air. The shooter fires and if he breaks the target
the scorer calls ‘‘dead,”” and marks 1 on the scoreboard.
If he does not hit, he calls “‘lost’” and marks a zero on
the scoreboard.

Squads usually shoot twenty-five shots for each man,
and if a man breaks all of his twenty-five targets. he
has broken a straight. -

You will probably ask why they call the throwing
machine a “‘trap.”” The word trap is used because
trap-shooting as practiced at present with a throwin
machine and clay saucers is a development of the ol
game of shooting at five birds which were released from
a trap. The throwing machine took the place of the
trap and the clay pigeons took the place of the live
pigeons. Clay pigeon shooting has many advantages
over live bird shooting. For one thing, it is very much
less expensive and a great deal less trouble. You can
buy clay pigeons in a barrel and store them away in
your shooting house, whereas live birds would require
considerable care.
a The Safe Sport.

. —C.L. Gilman.

During the ten years from 1905 to 1915 nearly 1,000

pour died from injury or over exertion in some
ranch of sport, according to statistics cited by All
Outdoors.

Baseball heads this grim list, with 284 deaths: foot-
ball claimed 215; automobile racing, 128: boxing, 105.

Everyone of the outdoor sports, even such pastimes
as tennis and golf, added their bit to the quota.

Trap-shooting did not cost a single life. : é

Thousands of men fired millions of shots during this
period. Each shot fired had sufficient destructive
power to blot out a life instantly.

Yet not one fatality resulted.

The record speaks volumes, not only for the sound-
ness of the safety rules governing this sport and the
strictness of their enforcement, but also for the superior
mental poise of the men engaged in it. : eet S

Rifle shooting is not even mentioned in this list-
Following the game closely during the past seven years,
the writer has not noted a single fatal accident in any
target competition with the rifle. Only one, so far as
he knows, mars the record of pistol shooting. That
was due to the careless handling of a hair-trigger pistol
by an excited foreign competitor at the international
pistol contest at Camp Perry, two years ago. ;

The “mistaken for game”’ accident is steadily de-
creasing in the hunting field. And for this we have
chiefly to thank the funny men, the newspaper car-
toonists and paragraphers who, year by year, have
driven home the grim ridiculousness of mistaking a fel-
low human for an antl quadruped.

The man to whom “‘safety first’ appeals as a motto
will do well to consider shooting mighty seriously
when selecting an outdoor diversion for his leisure time-

ROD AND GUN

IN CANADA 105

Gives you a feeling of real comforc
‘ and the assurance of perfect protection
while exercising.

Opening beneath Patent flap

Small amount of material between thighs

Perfect pouch
Welt-bound webbing

AMT BEE ISOS
Can be cleaned by boiling without injury to rub-
ber. Fits perfectly Can't rub or chafe. Finest
quality elastic webbing. Ask your dealer, and if
he will not supply you with MIZPAH JOCK NO. 44,
send us 76c in stamps and waist measurementand
we will send by mail.

THE WALTER F. WARE CO..

Dept. C., PHILA

! Canadian Canoe Cos> Ltd.

| Peterboro,

Ontario

Canvas Cover-
ed Canoesa
specialty with
us.

OUR LINE

is recognized
throughout
Canada as the
best at any
price. Ask the
man who owns
one.

WRITE FOR
CaTALoG “B”.

cy

eee ee ees 1 RE ER ED) a) ome

BY
H™-: KING GEORGE V.

‘Like a Duck
to Water’’—

Sportsmen take to

White Horse
Scotch

In the non-refillable bottle

MACKIE & CO., Distillers,

Ltd.
™n Wei casei 602 oe °
Nt sare vase Sas John E. Turton, Can. Rep.
ace won e288 SS MONTREAL

THE STRUGGLING BAIT

The only bait ever made that really struggles. This wonderful
bait has three different motions at the same time. The forward
motion, a fast wiggling motion from side to side, and an extremely rapid
up and down motion of the rear end of the bait, giving it the most lifelike

Red Head with White Body, all White, all Yellow, all Red.
THE W. J. JAMISON COMPANY,

imitation of a wounded minnow struggling to reach cover ever
produced. Noother bait can even approach it. It is the limit.
It can be used as a deep diving wiggler, a near-surface wiggler,
or a surface splatter bait, at will. The bait protects the hooks
to such an extent that it goes through weeds in a surprising
manner. Make no mistake. This bait is a real fish getter.
Celluloid enamel does not come off, nickel fittings, and hooks
that are detachable and do notinterlock. Send for catalog of
Tackle, Reels, Baits, Flies, Spoons, Fly Dressing Materials, etc.

Dept. R., 736 S. California Ave., CHICAGO, ILL.

Z)

wee

—
=

like hungry wolves if you use OLD FISHER-
MAN'S LURE 265¢a Box. Different from any
other bait. Fills your nets, traps or lines.
Guaranteed Results. Also carry com-
plete line seines, tramme! nets, hoop
nets, fish traps, etc. at extremely low
rices. Largest Trappers’ Supply
epartment in America.

F,. C. TAYLOR FUR CO.
Dept. 13 St. Louis, Mo.

G. M. SKINNER’S
FAMOUS FLUTED SPOON BAITS

100 Varieties and Sizes

Geog Nee pate” CLAYTON, N.Y.

The ONLY
Weedless
Hook Made
With a
Flat Wire
Weed
Guard.
(Up and Down
Action Only).

ANGLER S!

There is ONE
Weedless Hook
made and that is
Kinney’s:

Weedless’
25c each ©

5 for $1
Postpaid.

Locking tip to shank

of hook to remove fish,
WITHOUT PRESSING
WEED GUARD isa great feat-

ure also. And we wish to prove te
YOU that ‘‘KINNEY’S WEEDLESS
Half ac- HOOK” is the best Weedless that ever
tual size hit water, or money back. Wil] you let us.

H. A. KINNEY & CO., Dept. K.

GRAND JUNCTION, MICHIGAN

An Old Man’s Outing.
Editor, ROD AND GUN:—
ge Thirty-five years ago it was my privilege
and pleasure to fish for two summers in

the upper waters of the Trent River about.

twelve miles above Peterboro in those waters
that Mrs. Trail and Mrs. Moody have made
classic in their writings of a hundred years
ago, the Kawartha lakes district. .I might
here digress and tell you of the great catches
in those days of thirty pounds of bass, none
less than four pounds taken in twenty min-
utes, or of one occasion when I caught seven
"lunge in one day with the trolling line.
Old fellows are apt to lose the respect of
their juniors simply because they will in-
sist on talking a great deal and telling the
truth most of the time. I remember one
case forty years ago when in these waters
two rods caught two hundred and fifty bass
on one day. “Game hogs,’ says some one.
Why we never thought in those days about
conserving the game and the fish. ' It didn’t
look then as though effort along this line
would ever be necessary.

After spending twenty years on the dry
prairie you may be sure the hills and lakes
and rivers of Old Ontario looked good to me
when I got back to them. Of course I went
to see my old friends and my boyhood’s home
and then I just naturally gravitated to the
most heart easing place I know, the head-
waters of the Trent. In course of time I
found myself at Young’s Point a little vil-
lage on the frontiers of civilization twelve
miles above Peterboro. When the little
steamboat put me down at the wharf I felt
as though | had just awakened-from a Rip
Van Winkle sleep so little had the village

changed and the lock master at Port Young -

looked just the same as he had twenty-five
years before.

Well, I was soon settled with my old friend,
James Kearney at the Lake View House
and I found my host as young and hearty
looking as he had been a quarter of a cen-
tury ago. One difference I noted was the
plentiful supply- of minnows for bait... In
my younger days no one seemed to know how
to get a supply of bait, in fact I used to
catch minnows with a small-hook and use
them for bait for bass, but now one of the
guides always has a large supply on hand.
I was very much interested to see him netting
them in a large hand net in the shallow bays
and around the weed patches. The morn-
ing always seemed to come too soon but a
premonitory rap at the door and the an-
nouncement that breakfast- was served: and
the reminder that the marning was the best
time for fishing would always bring us yawn-
ing to the dining rooms.

Prat

5 PL Mr,

U
ro

£2

Who.can describe the beauties of ‘the s “an

rise.on the upper lakes in early autumn?
I cannot, of that I am sure. They must
be seen to be realized. With what an appe-
tite the mid-day meal is relished, consisting
of a few slices of bacon and a freshly caught

bass and-a few potatoes, with a cup of coffee -

to finish off with. One day was much like
another. Each day we got our legal allow-
ance after rejecting the smaller ones. In
the evening a young fellow from Pennsyl-
vania, a regular comic artist, entertained
us better than you usually are entertained
on the stage. I may say that a young Scotch
New Yorker was a good second. These two
ably seconded by the daughter of the house
made it hard for the rest of us to get up in
proper trim for fishing the next morning. -

After four days of the most delightful
weather the inevitable rains had to come and
rainy weather and an old chap like me do
not agree very well... Accordingly I- was
obliged to bring that part of my holiday to
a close, with the hope that I might soon again
be able to repeat the very pleasant outing
1 had enjoyed.

Yours truly,

Broadview, Sask. A. W. Allingham, M. D.

A Fishing Trip in the Land of Evangeline.
Editor, ROD AND N:

GUN:
The writer and W. C. Smythe, both of the
63rd Halifax Rifles, were first undecided as to
where they would spend their Easter holidays,
but at last we decided a fishing trip would
give us about the greatest amount of pleasure.
Accordingly we bqught tickets for Berwick, a
pretty little town in the Annapolis Valley;
we arrived safely, and spent the night at the
writer’s home in that town.
After careful decision as to the best points
of the different brooks, in regard to trout, we
at last came to the conclusion that the Fall
Brook, a pretty little brook on the Norit
Mountain, measured up nearest to our ex-
pectations. We got all our fishmg gear to-
gether and at one p.m. on the 21st of April
we made a start with rod and camera. We
had a very interesting drive and soon came
to our destination. After seeing that our
horse was well looked after, and everything in
order, we wended our way towards the brook,
which soon loomed up. We at once got down
to business, selected the best hole in sight and
cast our lines. The trout at once commenced
to bite well and we detided we had made a
good forecast as to the fishing qualities of the
brook. The- author pulled.- twelve. of the
speckled beauties out of the hole soon after
this as though to further confirm our first
opinion of the brook as an ideal place for trout.
We. continued to have good luck all the after-

preity nee

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 107

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Save money on your Dia-
monds by buying from us. We
are Diamond Importers. Terms
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the first time in print the treasured secrets of | | Write. to-day for Catalogue; t¢.15, fechas
‘ F : Ae We send Diamonds to any part of Canada for in-
the wisest old trappers in this country, it’s spection at our expense. Payments may be made
worth dollars to you. | | weekly or monthly.
f JACOBS BROS., Diamond Importers
TRAPPERS SUPPLY co. 15 Toronto Arcade Toronto, Canada

BOXC. - - - OAK PARK, ILL. || DEPT. D.

JUST THE BOAT FOR YOUR SUMMER RESORT

Catalog ‘‘R”’ and full Price $175.00 complete. Full particulars will be sent Send for sample of
information will be on request. Wecan manufacture every style of Canoe, the ‘‘DEAN” Close
sent you promptly Row-boat, Launch, Sail-boat,etc., on the Market. We rib, metallic Joint
on request. — » handle all makes of Outboard and Inboard Motors. Let construction, FREE

us quote you on your requirements.
Write now, before the Season begins, for full particulars

WALTER DEAN Foot of York Street TORONTO, ONTARIO

es. sy lL

cece «€©6 Lhe Camper's Own Book

1916—FIFTH SUCCESSFUL YEAR—1916

This is that BIG little book of the open—America’s new
outdoor manual, It comes to you bound as you see here. It is
“‘woodsy”’ from cover to cover—stirred by lake-breezes and
redolent of pine. It is endorsed by outdoor men everywhere.

a ye Authors of country-wide repute have, with their enthusiasm
[See een and familiar knowledge, aided its making. Dan Beard, Emlyn
M. Gill, Captain Kenealy, Oliver Kemp, Dr. E, H, Forbrush—
these and others join this camp fire council. They say their
say about a hundred little practical details that hold close interest for you; and they
spin a yarn or two by the way,

“The Camper’s Own Book” measures 8x5 3% inches over all. It is a goodly gener-
ous volume with over 200 pages and 21 of the finest illustrations you’ve ever seen.
Everybody should have a copy who believes that a day under the free sky makes the
pomp of emperors ridiculous. And you’re one—you know you are.

PRICE PER VOLUME

In the appropriate green T-cloth - - - - $1.00
Post-paid

W. J. TAYLOR, LIMITED WOODSTOCK, ONT. |

108

noon, and after we had added a string of sixty
to our count, we knew we had lots for a nice
feed, as the season was still early. This
certainly was a nice catch.

By this time we had worked up a good
appetite, so we sat down and enjoyed our
lunch; nothing had ever tasted better. When
we could not possibly eat any more, we came
to the conclusion it was time to pull up stakes,
which we did voting it to be the best time we
had spent in years.

Yours truly,
Halifax, N. S. C. Caldwell.

From a Prairie Subscriber
Editor, ROD AND GUN:—

I have been an interested reader of your
magazine for the last three years and have
always found a great deal of good informa-
tion in it along most lines of outdoor sport
and I have often wondered why there were
so few real Western prairie articles. Are
all the sportsmen out here too busy or are
they like myself, waiting for the other fellow
to send in his experiences.

Three years ago I was located about forty-
five miles north and west of Regina, Sask.
close to Long Lake or Last Mountain Lake
where we had some of the finest casting and

TRADE

A recent number of Arms and Explosives
contains an article referring to one of the new
factories established by W. W. Greener since
the commencement of the war. The article
says:

The firm of W. W. Greener has brought to a
successful conclusion one of the most brilliant-
ly executed tasks in the annals of the gun trade.
The present war has provided many examples
of improvisation of a high order, but the
circumstances of rifle manufacture have
imposed a limit on accellerated production not
surprising to the expert but highly disappoint-
ing to those who thought that they had only
to ask in order to receive. A little less than
a year ago the firm of Greener were thought
to have bitten off more than they could chew
when they undertook to make rifles for one of
the Allies. The commencing assets were con-
fidence of a high order, a fair amount of ex-
perience in the execution of rifle contracts of a
kind which highly organised factories are not
in the habit of undertaking, and the resource
which is naturally bred by long association
with gunmaking. The sum total of ten
months’ accomplishment is that complete
rifles have been turned out, so advanced as
regards quality of machining that unselected
parts taken from store can be assembled in a
couple of hours.

Some of the difficulties that had to be over-
come in bringing about the establishment of
this new factory and its output are further
described and the comment is made that the
Greener record holds the field in the making of
rifles.

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

trolling I have ever experienced. I have
often looked back longingly to these ex-
periences since coming to this country, where
the lakes do not have any game fish in them,
unless we go up north, where very good fish-
ing is to be had, salmon trout, pike and
pickerel being quite plentiful.

With best wishes and hoping to hear from
other prairie subscribers,

Yours truly,

J. O. Olsen.

The various departments in Rod and
Gun devoted to Fishing Notes, Guns and
Ammunition, The Kennel, Along the Trap
Line, The Trap, etc. make it possible for
our readers to contribute on topics in which
they are interested and in which they have
had experience. These experiences are sure
to be of interest to others and we hope that
those who have often contemplated writing
a short article or a letter on topics of interest
to the readers of an outdoor magazine like
Rod and Gun, but have put the matter off,
will decide to delay no longer but take part
at once in the discussions that are being
carried on from month to month in the
columns of the magazine.

Lloydminster, Sask.

NOTES

The Hastings Sporting Goods Works of
Hastings, Mich., wish us to draw the atten-
tion of angling writers to the fact that to
the trade the word Wobbler means their baits.
A test case was made in regard to this mat-
ter a few years ago when a competitor start-
ed using the word Wobbler in connection with
his bait and the courts upheld the Hastings
people in their contention that this was unfair
competition. From time to time since other
manufacturers have brought out baits calling
them Wobblers but when the fact of the case
was brought to their attention they also
changed their name. :

PASSPORTS NOT NEEDED
FOR TOURISTS IN CANADA

Still we are receiving enquiries such as the
following which comes from a_ subscriber
in New Kensington, Pa., who writes as fol-
lows: “It is reported that when making a
trip into Canada this year. Americans will
be required to present a paper of some sort
for identification purposes, Kindly advise.”

We have it on the authority of the Super-
intendent of Immigration that there will be
no letter of identification, passport or other
document of the sort required on the part
of persons visiting Canada this year. Pass-
ports are not necessary in visiting Canada,
conscription does not exist here and tourists
will be welcomed this year as in the past.
Persons of enemy origin naturalized in the
United States should carry their naturaliza-
tion certificates as a means of identification.

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

109

Our Expert Casting Line

Hard Braided of the Highest Grade of Silk. The
Strongest Line of its size in the World. — Used b
Mr. Decker in contest with Mr. Jamison. Nuf se

Every Line Warranted. 50 Yard Spools $1.00.

Trout Flies

For Trial—Send Us

sit at. Quay

Regularpice, coe, Quality

Regular price... .84c. Quality C
Bass Flies
Gauze Wing

English

for an assorted “dozen.
Regular price... .96c.
for an assorted “dozen.
Regular price. .. $1.00
for an assorted | dozen.
Regular price. . . $3.50

Cire Steel Fishing Rods

ISTE NS OOF GE TOOUs oo crc acaceccesccacicleceevclsecece cies ee -80

RATIURODS, Bh; GhOr 8) feeb=- ooo. cise s cscs cc cccncncccnccece -70
CASTING RODS, 44, 5 or 6 feet... 2... eee cece eee c cece ees 1.25
BAIT RODS, with Agate Guideand Tip .................... 2.25
CASTING RODS, with Agate Guide and Tip............ ... 2.75
CASTING RODS, full Agate Mountings .................... 3.50

The H. H. KIFFE CO. 525 resdway.

New Yor
Illustrated Catalogue free on’application

F ISHERMEN! A New One

for
1916

WILSON’S
=x SIX-IN-ONE

WOBBLER -

Based on the original Wilson Fluted Wobbler, the
largest selling and most successful bait ever pro-
duced. Hasanadjustable diving guide—gives six different
depths, each with a different wobbling movement. Can
change diving depth as easily as closing a knife blade. Other
styles: Winged Wobbler, deep water; Cupped Wobbler, sur-
face; Night Wobbler; Small Fluted Wobbler, 75 cents each.

Weedless Wobbler, $1.00.

Use HASTINGS Getsem Tackle. Special-Value Reel, Senter-
Brade Silk Casting Lines. Sold by dealers. FREE, Bait
Casting Booklet and Tackle Folder. Address Dept.H.

HASTINGS SPORTING GOODS WORKS. Hastings, Mich.

y* Kish Bite

like hun wolves, in fresh or salt-waters
any kindo weather, if you go after them with

MAGIC-FISH-LURE.

——— Best bait everinvented for attracting allkinds
of fish. Keeps you busy pulling ’em out. Price
25 cts. a box. Satisfaction or money refun-
ded. Write for interesting booklet and price
list of fishermen’s specialties, They are free.
J. F. GREGORY, Dept.E, St. Louis, Mo

Made in 3 shapes, 11 sizes and 6
finishes. Reversible blades, inter-

changeable flies, providing outfits
for any kind of game fishing

\ Send for Tackle Catalogue
with color sheet, Logansport, Ind.

The REEL That

Enables the Beginner

—to cast so well that even experienced
Anglers have been forced to look out
for their laurels. Read this:

“*My host was delighted with the Anti-Back-
Lash Reel I gave him; with it he gave mea
good race for my casting laurels. It’s great
for the fellow who wants to cast and can’t.”

Those are the words
of a veteran who
has been a casting
fan for better than
eight years.

The South Bend
Anti-Back-Lash

Reel, however, is not
for beginners only—many experienced casters use
it when doing their very best work. As an ordinary
teel, its free, smooth-running qualities and its
Back-Lash feature, which is a distinct advantage in
night fishing, both make it a favorite with the most
critical of Anglers.

Lures That Make ’Em Strike

We specialize in high grade baits and lures—lures
that make ’em strike. We have many specialties
that are tried and proven successes—big killers.

In the plug baits, thereis the Surf Oreno, a surface
bait that became popular immediately we brought it
out last year; the Bass-Oreno, a bait of the Wobbler
type, which floats when not in motion and zig-zags,
darts and swims in an alluring, minnow-like course
when reeled; the Woodpecker baits, in standard and
midget sizes, both well-known floaters of the collar
head construction that have proven excellent Bass
getters; a patented Weedless Spinner Hook either
with or without Buck-tail,
the spinner of which is pro-
. tected by the weed guards
and starts to spin the instant
the bait touches the water;
Buck-tail Bass flies in many
size and color combinations
—excellent lures for casting
the weeds, docks, holes and
pockets.

Try any of these baits or lures once and you will swear by
them. All good dealers handle South Bend QUALITY Tackle.

This Book FREE

Every red-blooded man, fisherman or not, should
read this book; the story, whichis =
illustrated by a famous car-
toonist, will take you back to
your boyhood days. You will
enjoy it. Andit gives a great
many practical hints and helps
on that great sport—Angling,

Write for your copy today or
use the coupon.

South Bend Bait Co.

8264 W. Colfax Ave.
South Bend, Indiana

| South Bend Bait Co.
\@ 8264W. Colfax Avenue
South Bend, Indiana
Please send me a copy of
your book, ‘‘The Days of
Real Sport.’’

Name
(Use the Margin for Address)

Beet ee eee

An interested audience gathered in the
theatre of the General Hospital Toronto,
recently to hear Dr. Clarke, vice-president
of the Canadian Society for the Protection
of Birds, relate the story of his discovery
of the nest of the Peregrine Falcon.

Dr. Clarke described the Peregrine Fal-
con, stating that it is a bird practically identi-
eal in characteristics all the world over.
It was used in the days of falconry, and
was one of the most desirable of faleons on
account of its fierceness and ability to destroy
its quarry as well as owing to the fact that
it was easily tamed. Although not a large
bird by any means, it is able to kill and carry
away a duck much larger than itself with-
out apparent effort. It breeds in most in-
accessible places, and its nesting place has
rarely been found in Ontario, although Dr.
Clarke has recorded it in at least three places.

This falcon is known as the duck hawk,
bullet hawk, and was named by Wilson, the
ornithologist, “the great-footed hawk.” Dr.
Clarke gave an interesting account of the
finding of the nesting place on an almost in-
accessible rock in an eastern lake, illustrat-
ing the story by means of many lantern
slides. He gave also a series of notes on
some of the common birds, such as purple
finches and prairie horned larks, which he
says are comparatively recent arrivals in
that district and have not yet departed from
habits acquired in milder climates. For
example, these birds invariably commence
nesting in March before the snow has dis-
appeared, with the result that nearly all of
the early nests contain frozen eggs.

A war on sparrows -is suggested as one
way to reduce the high cost of living caused
by the war. Sparrows usually take a serious
toll of corn. crops and in order to prevent
such wastage at the coming harvest, farmers
are being urged to let the schoolboys and
boy scouts make raids on sparrows’ nests
throughout the district.

The popular notion that flying-fish beat
their “‘wings’” is a mistake, if one is to rely
upon the results of studies of these fish by
an authority, Capt. Barrett Hamilton.

It appears that the wings are not true
organs of flight, but rather play the part
of a parachute or an aeroplane. The whole
motive power is supplied by the tail, which

acts as a propeller, and the vibration or
quivering of the wings in the air currents and
their occasional shift of inclination are not

POUR end

110

fam)

pe ie ZE2

phenomena connected with the propulsion of
the fish in its aerial flights.

What has became of Bill Miner?, a con-
tributor, Mr. John Dowswell, asks on another
page of this issue. Mr. Dowswell will doubt-
less have noticed before this is printed the
“report” published by Jack Miner in our May
issue. An account of a Good Friday visit to
the Miner preserve near Kingsville which was
made by a member of our editorial staff will
appear in an early issue of this magazine.

An order-in-council has been passed by
the Ontario Legislature prohibiting the shoot-
ing of grey and black squirrels in Oxford
county for a period of three years.

Some time ago Oxford county council
received a number of petitions calling upon
that body to ask the Ontario Legislature to
pass an order-in-council prohibiting the kill-
ing of grey or black squirrels in Oxford coun-
ty. A few years ago squirrels were plentiful
in the woods in this vicinity, but there has
been a great falling off in the number that
inhabit Oxford’s woods at the present time.
This has been caused by the work of sports- |
men who kill the squirrels out of pure-shoot-
ing lust. Last fall in different communi-
ties the farmers had notices posted, warning
off persons with guns and dogs. This was
done in an effort to save the squirrels and
birds, and while it was successful in a measure,
it did not cover the ground entirely.

When the council received the petitions
they looked on them favorably and mem-
orialized the legislature, with the result that
an order-in-council has been passed _ pro-
hibiting the shooting of black and grey squir-
rels in Oxford county for the period of three
years.

A despatch from Sackville, N. B., says that
the first Siberian hares ever seen in that town
were brought there recently. The hares are -
much larger than the ordinary hare and their
pelts were said to be valued in the neighbor-
hood of $100 each. It is probable that the
industry of raising the Siberian hare may be
estabhshed in or near Sackville at an early

ate

The number of moose killed last
season in the country north, northwest and
northeast of Edmonton exceeds the records of
all previous years. Fifty-one carcasses, it is
said, have been shipped to Edmonton from a
single siding in the north country.

ROD AND GUN: IN CANADA

tii

Established 1853. Present Manu-
facturers 49 Years’ Experience.

The Original
Penetangs

Are made only by the Gendron Pene-
tang Shoepack Mfg. Co., inventors of
drawstring shoepacks. We are re-
ceiving daily orders from ‘‘The
Boys atthe Front’. $10.00 is our
rice for knee length, hand welted,
hand sewn, trench pack, sporting,
prospector’s or surveyor’s boots. _

Catalogue with MeasureFormon request

GENDRON PENETANG
SHOEPACK MFC. CO.
PENETANG, ONT., GANADA

New and
re built
motors.

propellers,
steering
wheels,

cutwaters

“MARINE

and
supplies.
MOTORS sea
more power - less fuel peas ae
atalog M.

Foreman Motor & Machine Co., Ltd., Toronto, Can.

The ‘“‘SSUNNYSIDE TORPEDO”’

The Canoe That Made Toronto Famous

This is not a racing canoe, but our 1916 Pleasure Model.
It is the lightest, strongest and most seaworthy canoe
in America. Grand for sailing. \
Write at once for our Canoe Catalogue ‘“‘R” and ask for
sample of the ““DEAN” Close Rib, Metallic Joint Con-
struction. FREE.

Walter Dean “*ng23,2"4

Toronto, Canada

You can paddle in any old canoe, but to paddle in
comfort and safety and style you must havea |
‘Brown’. It has all the romance of the Indian |
birch bark with greater reliability and strength.
Send for catalogue. - - ‘‘BROWN BOAT” !
FACTORY, Lakefield, Ont.

FOLDING

W orld’s Fairs.

42>

KING FOLDING CANVAS BOAT CO.

GOING FISHING?

CERTAINLY.

Then buy your rods, reels, tango
minnows, lines, flies and other
fishing necessities of us. We can
supply you with just what you want.

=

GILL NETS n
and leads ready for the water—
15c per yard. Give size of mesh
desired, stretched measure.

No. 44 JUSTRITE HEADLIGHT

is equipped with a self lighter, a lens giving diffused
light for the camp use and a special long distance lens
for hunting and canoeing.

{T WILL NOT BLOW OUT.
with cap delivered to you $4.50.

JUSTRITE CAMP LAMPS

with self lighter at $1.25, $1.50 and $2.00, by mail
10c extra,

CANOES, CAMP STOVES, TENTS, GUNS,
TRAPS, and SPORTSMEN’S SUPPLIES at
lowest prices. CATALOG FREE.

Price complete

: " No. 916 Hallam
bon Mam saute,

imited

PUNCTURE-PROOF CANVAS BOATS

Light, easy to handle, no leaks orrepairs: check as baggage, carry by hand;
safe for family; allsizes; non-sinkable; stronger than wood; used by U. 8.
and Foreign Governments.

Awarded First Prize at Chicago and St. Louis
We fit our boats for Outboard Motors. Cuatalogue.
465 Harrison St., Ka!amazoo, Mich.

No Wires, No
Phosphorous

Light can
be turned
on and off.

For Day and
Night
Fishing

Gets the
big ones.

A Complete Electric Light Plant, $1.00
Dr. C. S. Wasweyler. 454 Mitchell Street, Milwaukee, Wisconsin

(to You Want a iaunehe

To use on the Muskoka Lakes?

Here is Your Chance--A new 20ft. Hull, ready
forengine. Save all freight charges.

\ Addecss: Box 55, Rod & Gun, Woodstock, Ont. j

112 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

Off to the new home, or
the cottage by the beach?
No matter how often you
change your address your
garage goes where you
go if it’s one of

PEDLAR'S «-:.c GARAGES

They're portable. Made in Erected i

sections of sheet metal. Easily
taken apart, packedinthecases @J2
and off you go. Sections lock
together again tight and leakproof. Artistic
and durable. Nothing toburn. Whether you
own your home or not, you'll be proud to
giveyourcartheprotectionofaPedlarGarage.
As low in price as will buy a good garage.
Write for the Perfect Garage Booklet R.G.
THE PEDLAR PEOPLE, LIMITED

(Established 1861)
Executive Offices and Factories: Oshawa, Ont.

Branches; Montreal - Ottawa - Toronto - London - Winnipeg

| If you are in i Crab WieSiers
to what to get for || tosedtoa bars. gagging
the Coming Season

Semi-weedless. <i

Imitation
ofthe Natural Fo
of the Black Bass

© No.1809C
EXACTLY imitates live crab
in color and motion. Floats
while at rest, dives and zigzags
when reeledin. Last season’s success proved this crab idea to be
the sauciest lure and deadliest killer of all the Heddon inventions.
The New ‘‘Baby Crab.’’ Same in style, principle and action,
except smaller. ew double in«
stead of triple hooks. Surerin
hooking, more weedless and
easier to cast—the Heddon
2 masterpieceineffectiveness
\ and all-round utility.

No 1909C ®&N = LFither style at
SS dealers or postpaid 85c
If not made by Hed- With variable line fastening tores-
4: ulate depth; Heddon non-cracking
don, its not pan enamel; patent hold-fast
a Genuine ook Presentanon

: W :
SS

Send for beautiful, free catalog of
Heddon’s Genutne Dowagiae Rods
and Minnows, containing splendid “7S = =
fish pictures aud new fishing chart. << =

James Heddon’s Sons, Box 15 Dowagiac, Mich.

Or have your plans made and
want advice as to the most suit-
able craft for your requirements
write to,the Lakefield Canoe Com-
pany, Limited.

Their Experience is
at your service.

THE LAKEFIELD CANOE COMPANY

LIMITED
LAKEFIELD, ONTARIO, CANADA

| CATALOGUE ON APPLICATION |

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 113

Walker House| Toronto's Famous Hotel

One Minute’s Walk From The Union Depot.
Ten Minute’s Walk From Shopping and Theatres.

Beautifully situated overlooking Toronto Bay with its unex-
celled boating, canoeing, sailing, etc., guests at the Walker
House have all the advantages of a summer hotel with the
additional advantage of being within a few minutes of the
shopping and theatre districts. Our rates are as popular as
our service which enjoys an international reputation for its
excellence. All cars stop at our door.

You Will Find Us At Home, We Will Make You At Home.
GEGRGE WRIGHT & GO., ~2=0..5 72 PROPRIETORS

A Lifelong Joy
In Your Den!

Have Your

Big Fish to Show

Fish Riounted So They ate Life Like

We so mount fish as to retain their natural colors and m ‘hs in almost living brilliance; and

we treat them so they look natural—not merely ‘stuffed’. Such work, though demanding the

highest specialized skill and experience, does not cost you more than ordinary work, which
never satisfies nor lasts.

OLIVER SPANNER & CO., 27 Elm Street, Toronto, Ontario

Save your money

Stop all laundry troubles. ‘‘Chal-

: lenge’’ Collars can be cleaned with

RWATERPROOF arub from a wet cloth—smart and
dressy always. The correct dull

finish and texture of the best linen.

If your dealer hasn’t ‘‘Challenge’’ Brand
write us enclosing money, 25c for collars,
50c per pair for cuffs We will supply
you. Send for new style book.

THE ARLINGTON CO. OF CANADA
Limited

54-64 Fraser Ave., Toronto, Can.
3142

Camp Furniture a

Overhaul your SUMMER and CAMP FURNITURE

and let us quote you upon your needs. If interested write for our Catalog B.

Our line consists of Camp Stools and Cots, Lawn Swings, Lawn
and Verandah Chairs, Garden Seats, Folding Chairs and Tables.

THE STRATFORD MFG. CO. Limited, STRATFORD, Ontario

Made in Canada
epeue) ul opep |

FOR SALE, WANT AND

EXCHANGE DEPT.

ACCESSORIES

FOR SALE—Set of Electric automobile lamps, two side
and one tail. Never been used. Box L. ROD AND GUN
Woodstock, Ontario. TF

ANTIQUE FIREARMS

ANTIQUE pistols, blunderbus-
ses, cross bows, fine perfect.
Armour, swords, daggers. No

catalog. Good photos. State
p. reguirements. Allen, The Fa-
cade, Charing Cross, London,
y Eng. | ea

Buy, sell, exchange all sorts old-time and modern
Firearms, Stephen Van Rensselaer, Antiques, 22 East
34th St... New York. 6 127

BOATS AND CANOES.

FOR SALE—16 foot, 31 inch beam, 12 inch depth canoe,
close rib, metallic joint, basswood, half-round ribs 1 1-8 in-
ches apart. Copper fastened, varnished inside and out.
All oak gunwales. Weight about 65 lbs. ‘This canoe -is
absolutely new. For price, etc., write box E. Rod and Gun,
Woodstock, Ont. tf

BIRDS AND ANIMALS.

FOR SALE—Best quality ranch raised mink, also
Canada wild geese. Nelson Waldron, Tyne Valley, Prince
Edward Island. ACE &

WANTED—Live baby bear cubs, any color. 3 fisher,
one male and two female, Sandhill cranes, wild geese, etc,
Portage Wild Animal Cq, Portage la Prairie, Man. 5 2T

DOGS.

FOR See ee high class Irish Water
Spaniels 5 months old, by Champion Imported Bally-
aller Mike ex Lady Venus she litter sister to Hooker Oak
Hogan, winner at the last San Francisco Show. What
better do you want. Get busy. . Guaranteed. H. R.
French, Wetaskiwin, Alta.

FOR SALE—Splendid Llewellin English, Irish, Gordon
setter pups and trained dogs, pointers, spaniels and re-
trievers in pups and trained dogs. Enclose stamp for
description. Thoroughbred Kennels, Atlantic, Iowa. tf

FOR SALE—Airedale Terrier (dog) ‘‘Colne Matchmaker”
Registered. Born August, 1914. Address: H. M. Rathbun,
Deseronto, Ont.

AIREDALE BREEDERS—It will pay you to send for
particulars of the new stud dog, Caerphilly Master Crack.
—Jjust imported.

An exceptionally choice lot of dog and bitch puppies,
about ready for shipment. Bawden, Druggist, Ridge-
town, Ontario. 61T

Both sexes,
Bred from*winners. Also a smooth stud
dog and Airedale bitch, both winners. Chas. L. Mewhurn,
65 Markland St., Hamilton, Ont. 61T

FOR SALE—Nicely marked English Beagle pups bred
from best hunting strains in America, ready to ship. Have
full pedigree. R.A. Richardson, Chatham, Ont. 61T

_Smooth and wire haired Foxterrier puppies.
different ages.

Do you want a real duck retriever? We have a few
puppies to spare from the best working stock. Price and
particulars from Geo. Goodwin, Lindsay, Ont. 61T

Advertisements will be
inserted in this Department
at 4c. a word. Send re-
mittance with order. Copy |
should not be later than
the 10th of the month.

BOOK ON
(¥9|DOG DISEASES
And How to Feed

a ty Pe
Mailed free to any address by
the Author
H. CLAY GLOVER, V. S.
118 West 31st Street, New York

America’s
Pioneer
Dog Remedies

MANGE—§°ze™:: ear canker, goitre, cured or
money refunded; Prepaid $1.25. Eczema
Remedy Co., Hot Springs, Ark., U.S.A. 212T

TRAINED HOUNDS—Norwegian bearhounds,
Irish wolf hounds . Blood hounds, Foxhounds,
Deer, Cat, Wolf and Coon dogs. Absolute guar-
antee, trial allowed, purchaser alone to judge, no
pores asked, money refunded. Fifty-page
illustrated catalogue five-cent stamp. Rookwood
Kennels, Lexington, Ky. 12 tf

AIREDALES FOR, SALE—Exceptionally high class
puppies ready for delivery, sire, Stormy-Weather, dam,
Topsy-lTurvy. Write for booklet if interested. B Wel-
bank, Quill Lake, Sask.

The Blue Grass Farm Kennels of pe Ky., offer for
sale setters and pointers, fox and cat hounds, wolf and deer
hounds, coon and opossum hounds, varmint and rabbit
hounds, bear and hon hounds. Also Airedale terriers.
All dogs shipped on trial, purchaser alone to judge the
uality. Satisfaction guaranteed, or money refunded.
36 page illustrated, instructive and interesting catalogue for
ten cents in stamps or coin. 7tf

One pure-bred fAiredale bitch $10.
J. W. Brown, Sunmenie

DOGS FOR SALE
One number 1 fox hound $20.
GariGosrN- B

Trained hounds cheap. Beagle and fox hounds—pups.
Three. dollars each. Herman Fischer, Waterloo, —

Beautiful foxhound bitch, 2 years old, nicely marked, a
perfect beauty. Bargain at $7.00. E. Fisher, Port
Elgin. Oa

ENGINES AND LAUNCHES.

FOR SALE—Marine Engines, two cycle, two, three and
four cylinder, also 2 cylinder 4 cycle. new. Write for
further particulars stating horse power required, to box L.
ROD AND GUN, Woodstock, Ont. TF

FOR SALE—23ft. Semispeed launch, beam 4 feet
inches, finished ready for engine. This is a new launch,
now teady for delivery. For further particulars, etc.,
write Box F. Rod and Gun, Woodstock, Ont. tf

FOR SALE—Semi Speed Square, or Round Transo
and Compromise stern Hulls, finished ready for engine, up
to 30 ft. length. New. Will sell cheap. Box A. Rod and
Gun in Canada. Woodstock, Ont. TF

FISHING TACKLE.

FOR SALE—Frog and Minnow Bait, Weedless Hooks,
Line Drying Reels, Landing Nets, etc., etc. Write for free
st. Box L. ROD AND GUN, Woodstock, Ont.

FOR SALE—Several Fly and Trolling Rods, absolutely
new. Will seli cheap. Box L. ROD AND GUN,
Woodstock, Ont. TF

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

115

GUNS.

FOR SALE—Lefever Double Twelve. Both full. Built
special for ducks. Very hard hitter. Weight about 7}4.
Ejectors and Huntley Recoil pad. Cost 130 sell 65
Parker Double Twenty 30 inch right modified. Left full
weight about 614. Ejectors and Silvers pad. Built for

ouse. Cost 120 sell 60. Both hammerless and in per-
ect condition. Box 81, Rod and Gun, Woodstock, Ae

e)

GUNNERS—A BARGAIN.—Miullins_ sheet metal
“Bastle Duck Boat,” 46 inch beam, 14 ft. long with stand-
ards for attaching grass blinds, 1 pair oars, Epaddle, 1 pole,
canvas gunwale and keeper, also two-wheeled cart for con-
veving boat. Everything is new shape. Cost over $50.00,

sell for $30.00. 1 doz. Mallard, 1 doz. Redhead,
20 Blue Bill wood decoys, carved and painted by a profes-
sional, absolutely in new condition. Half males and fe-
males. Price 65 cents each. The duck shooter wishinga
bargain will buy these now. Robt. Hodgson, Raglan, Ont.

FOR SALE—Brand New 1911 Model Winchester Auto-
matic 12 guage shot gun. _ Six shots, straight stock, full
choke. egular $55. Will sell for $42. Guaranteed in
as perfect condition as the day it left the factory. Box 70,
Rod and Gun, Woodstuck, Out.

SPECIALS. :

FOR SALE—One of the best known wholesale and retail
bait manufacturing businesses in America. Hundreds
of dollars worth of orders on hand. Will sell for less than
profits. A few hundred dollars placed in this business will
pay well. No time to answer curiosity seekers, so do not
answer unless you are prepared to act if proof is furnished
Lock Box No. 241, Stanwood,lowa.

FOR SALE—Waterproof clothing consisting of Hunting
Jackets, men’s and boys’ sizes, Women’s skirts, ladies
and men’s hats. Al] new. Will sell cheap. Box C. Rod
and Gun, Woodstock, Ont.

FOR SALE—Finest speckled trout eggs, fry, fingerlings,
etc., at the private hatchery of Dr. A. R. Robinson, Silver
Creek, Caledon. Address, A. R. Robinson, Claude, Ont.

FOR BIG GAME HUNTING AND ALPINING in the
mountains of Central British Columbia; by pack train:
You are sure of good sport in my section. Joe La Salle,
Mountaineer, Hunter and Guide. McBride, B. C.. 25T

FREE to men, women beginners my
eight page folder on butterflies, insects.
I buy hundreds for museums, art work,

SPECIALS

ECZEMA Psoriasis, cancer, goitre, tetter, old
sores, catarrh, dandruff, sore eyes,
rheumatism, neuralgia, stiff joints, itching piles: cured or

money refunded. _ Write for particulars. Prepaid $1.25.
Eczema Remedy Company, Hot Springs, Ark.

FOR SALE—Several Beers Thermostats. This is an
automatic apparatus for opening and closing the dampers of
your furnace, hot water heater, or steam boiler, at exactly
the moment when they should be opened or closed. thus
keeping the temperature of your house uniform through
every hour of the day and night. Savescoal. Saves worry.
These Thermostats can be installed by anyone who can
handle a hammer. screw driver and auger. Write for fur-
phe particulars to Box L., ROD AND GUN, ee

nt.

SUMMER RESORTS
OUR CAMPS are situated in the best hunting and fishing
grounds in Parry Sound District. Full particulars on appli-
cation to the Lucky Cross Summer Resort Co., Box 4,
Magnetawan, Ontario, Canada.

TAXIDERMY AND TANNING
Will

FOR SALE—Pair white swans, fully mounted.
er cheap for cash. Box L.. ROD AND GUN, Woodsiee’
nt.

FOR SALE—Moose Head, fine specimen excellent con-
ean: Apply Box L.,. ROD AND GUN, Mocdsie
nt.

FOR SALE—Handsome Moose Head. Apply Box T.,
ROD AND GUN, Woodstock, Ont. TF

FOR SALE—Mounted Elk, Caribou, black and white
tail deer, Rocky Mountain sheep and goat and bear heads.
Beautiful specimens, newly mounted by myself. Write
me for full particulars. Edwin Dixon, Canada’s Leadin
Taxidermist, Unionville, Ontario. PI

_ FOR SALE—Two large mounted moose heads, 54 and 50
inches spread of horns, heads of the highest class, perfect
in every way. No better ornament obtainable for a
gentleman’s office, home or club. Edwin Dixon, Taxi-
dermist, Unionville, Ontario. 1B

Mounted: Moose Heads

in excellent condition

Bargain for quick sale. Box 41, Rod and
Gun, - - WOODSTOCK, ONTARIO

For Every Camper—Fisherman—Hunter

THE WAY OF THE WOODS

A Manual for Sportsmen in North-Eastern
United States and Canada. .. . .

By EDWARD BRECK

A PRACTICAL Field Manual intended to form a part of the kit of every Camper.

Fisherman and Hunter.

It contains concise, thorough and authoritative information on

every subject connected with life in the Woods, such as Outfitting, Fishing, Shooting,
Canoeing, Tenting, Trapping, Photography, Cooking, Hygiene, Etc.

“Excellent practical directions and advice.””—N. Y. Sun.

436 Pages. Pocket Size.

W. J. TAYLOR, LTD., Publisher

80 Illustrations.

Price $1.75 Post Paid.
- Woodstock, Ont.

116 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

Otterville Manufacturing Co., Ltd. |,
Otterville - Ontario :

Comfort in the Camp

is insured by the Furniture you
have with you.

We are the Oldest Firm in Canada
making Camp Furniture, and from
our large variety can suit any
requirements.

If interested write for Circular and
Prices.

ROD «GU
IN :-CANADA :

JULY, 1916 FIFTEEN CENTS

“The Seal Pup”

W. J. TAYLOR, LIMITED, PUBLISHER,

WEE AL P/NE
N RUCKSACKS

VW meinaTIDN WINDOW
b VENTILATOR WITH ©

QUUSTABLE FLAP

he SA

MOSQUITO -

[®
\7

TENT WALL

POCKETS

H 4¥ 15 1909

UNTERS
HAVER SACKS

CAMPING
ACCESSORIES

a AMP COMFORT” is what you want
C and *“‘Camp Comfort’ only comes
through perfect arrangement in all
things connected with the camp. Next to
the absolute necessity of having a Smart-
Woods Non-absorbent Duck Tent comes
the need for Wall-pockets, Sleeping Tar-
paulins, Wash and Water Pails, Mosquito-
proof Fronts and Linings, etc., etc.

O matter if the thing you need is not pic-
N tured here. Write to us for it—we have

dozens of other ‘“‘Camp Needfuls’” that we
have not been able to include in this illustration.

Send for Our “Catalogue De Luxe”

MART-\A/OODS
L tated Gatnasc 2
Ottawa, Toronto, MontreAL, WINNIPEG

p
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Bw iz
Mwew

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wot, CARPAULINS

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>>

CANVAS
LEGGING.

WATER PROOF
_KIPBAR Bie

a i i el

VOLUME XVIII NUMBER 2

Rod and Gun in Canada

Woodstock, Ontario, July 1916

Publishers are warned not to reprint contents, whollp or in part, without full credit attached.

JULY CONTENTS

In Pursuit of The Maskinonge Bonnycastle Dale
Charged by Grizzlies Geo. H. Sarver
A Pugnacious Goose Edward T. Martin
The Veery Song John Markey
Burns of Benwell Bill Riverside
IMUSEHLeSiO lg huG INT Ore tet ea Ein a Se ne enna oe eet a C. Edgar Thomas
The Seal Pup F. V. Williams
Just William Gordon Dana
Alpine Club of Canada

Some Climbs in the Rockies of the Pincher Creek District... E. W. Godsal
Yachting in Cape Breton . W. Baldwin
My Desire Mehl
A Tenderfoot Lost in The Woods of Cloud’s Bay, Port Arthur Sara Stajford
A Good Friday Visit to Jack Miner’s Preserve near Kingsville
Regulations For the Protection of Migratory Birds
How The Sanctuary Plan Will Work ;
he Ways of bhesNorthland....) ih ee hh eens. Be CF Armstrong
Our Seventh Annual Hunting Trip in: The Canadian Rockies Bert Pierson
In Closed Season
Fishing Notes
Guns and Ammunition

Arms That Helped Shove the Frontier off the Map...
Alpine Club Notes
Infant Moose
A Record of Big Game Killed in the Cassier District, B.C
Ilion, N. Y. will Celebrate Founding of Firearms Industry in America
Changes in the Game Laws of Saskatchewan
The Disappearance of Game
Offer to Canadian Schools

SUBSCRIPTION PRICE to any address in Canada, Great Britain or in the United States $1.50,
foreign countries 50c extra. Single copies 15 cts. All subscriptions are payable in advance.

REMITTANCES should be made by P. O. or express money orders, bank checks or registered
letters ; if by check, exchange must be included.

CHANGE OF ADDRESS. © When a change of address is ordered, both the new and the old
addresses must be given.

THE ADDRESS LABEL, shows the date to which subscription is paid.

ADVERTISING RATES and sample copies sent on application.

Communications on all topics pertaining to fishing, canoeing, yachting, the kennel, amateur
photography and trapshooting will be welcomed and published if possible. All communications must

e accompanied by the name of the writer, not necessarily for publication, however.

Rod and Gun in Canada does not assume any responsibility for, or necessarily endorse, any views

expressed by contributors to its columns.
Published by W. J. TAYLOR, LTD., WOODSTOCK, ONT.
—Branch Offices—
New York, London, England
373 Fourth Ave. Grand Trunk Bldgs.
Cockspur St.
“2 Pere a: 17, 1908 at the Post Office at Buffalo, N.Y., as second-class matter under Act of
arc

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TTT TNT ITNT UHHHT WITH
AA

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Courtesy Canadian Pacific Railway

FISH CAUGHT NEAR POINT AU BARIL, ONT.

eX
=
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passe
ieee
4
“3 Sy
ray
az
5

3

VOL. 18,

WOODSTOCK, ONT., JULY, 1916 No. 2

IN PURSUIT OF THE MASKINONGE

Bonnycastle Dale

to the marshes and drowned

lands great numbers of spawn-
ing maskinonge are encountered.
Many a sunny day Fritz and I peep-
ing over the gunwales of our bog-
stranded canoes have, for hours at
a time, noted every movement of
these huge pike, for literally speak-
ing the maskinonge is of the pike
family and resembles the long-lived
Jack Pike of British waters. They
may as well resemble them in length
of life, for the Jack Pike, it is claim-
ed, has been known to live in a Royal
inclosure for 150 years, so that some
of these huge maskinonge passing
beneath our canoes and even touch-
ing our outspread fingers, maskinonge
of four feet in length and weighing
up to thirty-five pounds may well
have lived a century ago. We note
many, even thus. early, with great
sores or wounds upon them. There
are two ways to account for this,
either the skin-preserving slime be-
came rubbed off and parasites settled
and created sores, or the jealous
males may have attacked and torn
one another with their long teeth.
I have, hundreds of times, seen male
salmon (while guarding the spawn-
ing female) attack an intruding male,
yes, I have even seen the male take
hold of the tail of the female, but
I never thought they did this to cause
injury ; it seemed more in love than
anything else.

O* our annual spring expedition

“ do-“it).

The female maskinonge while
spawning remains almost motion-
less, Just fanning with the balancing
fins, she spasmodically turns upon
her side and, by a wriggling motion
emits a part of the egg spawn. She
cleaves fairly well to one spot but, -
if alarmed, may continue depositing
the spawn in another place. So in-
tent is she on her procreative work
that she is easily approached and
often shot or speared in this posi-
tion (shame to the man who will
I would roughly estimate
her eggs at 25,000. If the water
stays stationary much of this spawn
will hatch, as in the shallow water
where she usually lays the eggs,
(depth from six to twelve inches,
sometimes too as deep as eighteen
inches) there are less egg feeding
fishes, but sunfish, perch, suckers,
chub, roach and minnows all frequent
these shallows and, no doubt, all
partake of the spawn.

If the water falls in the spring,
as is the case fully half the time,
all the sun exposed spawn dries up.
I have run my canoe ashore on the
slippery half dried spawn in many
places, the shore for hundreds of
yards being lined with it.

The male fish circles the spawning
female and approaches her every
minute or so, stopping closely be-
side her but not touching her, gently
fanning his fins as he readily emits
the milt which fertilizes the eggs.

117

118 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

So powerful is the life-giving milt
that one drop is sufficient to vitalize
5,000 eggs in the salmon family.
The maskinonge enters the marsh-
es as soon as the ice is all off and
remains about three days to com-
plete the spawning act. The “run”
occurs during two weeks’ lime. Both

A NICE CLEAN FISH, TOO, WITH A FAIR REFLECTION

OF A FISH IN THE CALM WATER

fish desert the eggs and seek the
deep water outside the marsh. They
will take a bait now but not during
the time they were waiting to go
in to spawn. The eggs are hatched
in from two to three weeks. In
almost every case the female was
about twice the weight of the male.
For instance a twenty-five pound fe-
male might have as small a mate as a
ten pound male. We rarely, if ever,
see solitary fish in the marsh, except-
ing some very ancient females. These
I imagine, go through the form of
spawning without actually emitting
any eggs. Spawning seems to have
no effect upon the fish, save that
they are lighter and thinner to the
extent of empty egg sacs and milt
bags. These had almost completely
filled the body cavity and should

take away, when emptied, fully twen-
ty per cent. of the gross weight.

The fish now again separate into
individual food hunters. ‘They linger
in the rivers and along the marshes
during May, June and parts of July,
but, as soon as the water warms
up sufficiently for the swarms of
small food fishes to seek
the deeper waters and grow-
ing weed beds of midlake,
the maskinonge follow them.

If the water is sufficient-
ly warm the maskinonge’s
gums become inflamed late
in July, or early in August.
The larger teeth, and many
of the smaller ones, are lost
during this period and in
many cases fully two thirds
of the teeth are missing at
the same time. We do not
yet know if this is an
annual loss of the teeth
prescribed by nature or if
it is an annual loss of the
teeth forced by some para-
site. The fact rematie
however, in September,
October and November all
the fish have all of their
teeth.

The open sores or wounds
seen in April either kill the
fish or are healed by mid-
summer, although we do
find freshly opened sores or
wounds during some months
of some summers. Nineteen fifteen
showed us fresh clean fish without a
sore or wound ; 1914, however, gave
us many fish so badly torn or wounded
as to be ulcerated in great masses,
causing us to throw them overboard
instantly.

The best time to come to* Gores
Landing for Rice Lake maskinonge
fishing is the opening week, and the
two following weeks (also sometimes
the last two weeks in August), but
the greatest fishing is in late Sep-
tember for both bass and maskinonge
and the best bait a No. 7 double
Herron (Peterboro maker) or a No.
7 Buffalo, copper and silver, or cop-
per and brass, or silver and brass,
all three are good. Nearly all fisher-
men use the Indian hand line, but
the rod gives you great sport (and

.

_ Ojibways, do tell me there

IN PURSUIT OF THE MASKINONGE

less fish, as of all the uncanny finny
ones to disgorge a bait commend
me to Lucius Masquinongy). Use
short trolling rods and big hundred
yard reels if you want the sport
more than the actual fish.

During the cold, icebound months
of December to April the maskinonge
hunts as usual. He is less
active as the water be-
comes colder, but this fresh
water tiger shark pursues
and bolts every living thing
he can gwallow all the long
twelve months, deducting
the short (undecided) per-
iod just before the annual
spawning.

There is only one species
of maskinonge, even if my
very good friends, the

is three, the green, the yel-
low and the striped. These
are purely local colour pig-
ment conditions. As to
these fish being cannibalis-
tic, they no doubt eat of
their own young when they
meet them in the deep
water, as do any and all of
the true fishes.

The maskinonge is with-
out scales'on the lower
cheeks and gill covers; this
will identify it from the pike
or pickerel, although the
three are of the same family.
The maskinonge is dumb,
deaf. It hears, as do many other
fishes, through the sensitive skin
receiving water vibrations.

Maskinonge are to be found all
through the Kawartha chain of lak-
es, River Si. Lawrence, Lake Nipis-
sing, the French River in Ontario
also in Lake Erie and Georgian Bay.
So widespread is “‘Ke-nojay”’ of the
Ojibways, that all my readers of
Rod and Gun may get some this
summer. (I do hope they will have
patience while I thus play the mentor
for once).

Truth is stranger than fiction,
Mark Twain wrote of a fish drown-
ing. All the maskinonge sulfocated
in one of our small northern lakes
a few years ago on account of too
thick ice preventing aeration—one

but not

119

might say they drowned. While the
hysterical, semi-annual calls go forth,
both for protection and for exterm-
ination, let not the men who insist
that we kill off both heron and king-
fisher, merganser and loon because,
foorsooth, they take of the young
of the overerowding smaller fishes,

‘WE PICTURED THEM, AND ONE OF THE BEST BITS OF TWO
HOUR’S SPORT WE HAD EVER ENJOYED WAS OVER’.

forget the maskinonge. This great-

toothed savage lustily swallows a
young frog, darts in and decimates
a school of young big or small mouth
black bass, fans watchfully along
the bog until a nice wee flapper
duck or mudhen (or rail) swims out
and swallows it in a trice, whatever
a trice may be. Did the average
modern conservationist ever sit down
and most carefully consider what
he may do by killing this and trans-
planting that? Does he know that
the myriad salmon of the sea are
forced to produce some 3,5V0 eggs
to the pair that 3,498 may be eaten
or perish so that two may attain
full reproducing maturity? Let the
ignorant conservationist kill off all
the so-called enemies that prey on the
salmon, as they are now trying to

120

kill off the seals and the sea lions,
then have him kill off Man and
the fresh, glorious life giving sea
would be a palpitating mass of putrid
fish. Have wise laws, non-sale of
certain scarce animals, but above
all have a school for the rabid self-
protectionist where he may learn that
the Great School-Master has a law
above ours for the scaled and furred
and feathered ones.

Lecture over?” called Fritz, stick-
ing his head into my writing den.

“The Mowich is ready and the ‘longe
are just waiting for a wee brass fish.”

“Pll be with you instanter” (what
instanter is neither of us know, as
this camp, moves with great delibera-
tion, but the word looks well)—so
off we started for the just appearing
wild rice beds where we knew several
maskinonge were hidden in the green
trailing ribbons of the rice. I had
seen them the night before feeding
on a school of shiners. .The day was
calm and very hot, just the wrong
conditions for fishing, and _ several
canoes had been vainly working along
the rice bed all morning while I was
typing my fish lecture. Yet the very
first.time past a certain gap in the
maskinonge weeds in the rice bed I
got .a nibble, a drag, a strike! I
was fishing Indian style with a hand-
line. I admit rod fishing is better
sport, but my time is too well filled
up to let me keep my rods in shape
and my boat is too littered with
cameras and. Natural History im-
pedimenta. On this account I must
perforce fish like my noble Red Bro-
ther and | greatly enjoy it: All
this time a young broncho was kick-
ing nobly forty feet off. In he comes
in a series of whirls and leaps and
splashes—something told me he was
poorly hooked,—so I gave him a
moment’s respite but landed him
over the gunwale in swift fashion—
a good fish, fully ten pounds in
weight. Off started the wee engine
and we purred along the bed. With-
in five minutes I saw Fritz quickly
turn off power and leap onto the
small stern deck. It steadied but
swifthy—hand-over-hand fighting
every inch of the way—came a beauti-
ful clean skinned ’longe, slightly
smaller than the one I had landed.

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

In over the gunwale the lad lifted
him and flop off he dropped on the
bottom boards—a scramble, a merci-
ful whack with the gaffhook and
number two lay in the shade of the
fish cloth.

“Let us get the canoe and I'll try
for some pictures while they are
biting so well!’ Off we darted on
full speed for the Island of the Beaver
returning with the Reflex and the
canoe. Seated in this we purred
along at, two miles per hour. Fritz
was quite busy, running the engine,
steering, fishing, talking, ete. and
was pulled out of a trance by a fran-
tic jerk as a fine big fish sprang out
into the clear air in a very fountain
of sparkling waterdrops. I grabbed
the camera, too late for the leap,
but got a fair picture as the fish
struggled frantically against thit .
fatal flight through the air and into |
the great white object. No doubt
it thinks the white hull an animal
and the great open space the jaw
of some new fish feeding animal.
This was number three and weighed
about five pounds. The next one
I missed totally ; I admit I was fill-
ing my pipe, but he held it up later -
for me near the Beaver, and I got a
good picture with fair reflection.

Again we circled the ‘rice beds.
I knew of one other good friend who
would like a bit of fresh fish, so,
although we had set our score for
the. day at four or less we decided
to try for number five. The hot
sun still glared over a calm lake,
not a single Indian or white man was

‘afloat fishing, and here we were with

thirty-five pounds of good fish caught
under extra bad weather conditions,

‘‘Get ready,”’ called Fritz, “I had
a strike, he’s at it again—I’ve ‘got
him,”’ and off went the power and
up jumped the lad. This fish was
evidently well astonished at the power
the tiny baitfish was displaying and
dived deep to swallow it—no! it would
not be swallowed!!—then he evident-
ly decided to get rid of it by throw-
ing it out of his mouth!!—Up into
the air he sailed and shook his head
like a restive horse—no_ use, . the
little baitfish still stuck to him and
was actually dragging him along—
now in great haste the poor alarm-

IN PURSUIT OF THE MASKINONGE

ed fish swam rapidly ahead, so fast
indeed, Fritz had hardly time to
keep the line taut—but everything

“was against the fish and he soon
_ joined the four still ones under the

_canyas,...put I still retain him on
the film as he struggled almost into
Fritz’s hand over the gunwale.

For the first time in many years
we had kept all of our strikes, usually
a quarter to a half are lost in hand
trolling, and only a man with a guide

121

or a friend to help him can do_ the
rod fishing, as it is almost impossible
to keep your bait clean in this weedy
lake and paddle your canoe at the
same time. We “put-put-put-ed”
back to camp, placed the fish in the
canoe preparatory to taking them
across the lake, and then pictured
them, and one of the best bits of two-
hour sport we had ever enjoyed was
over.

CHARGED BY GRIZZLIES

Geo. H.

ORE than seven years have now
passed since I secured my first
grizzly bear in the mountains

of British Columbia. Since then I
have hunted and killed between twen-
ty and thirty bears, a large num-
ber of them being of the grayback
or grizzly tribe. I have hunted
them high and hunted them low,
through dense alder covered thick-
ets in the valleys, and on the scatter-
ed balsam covered ground nearer the
mountain tops. The majority I have
shot at a distance of between one
and two hundred yards ; some with-
in less than a hundred and a few
under fifty yards. With the excep-
tion of two I have never had one
to make what I was sure to be an
‘actual charge. The exception hap-
pened during the spring of 1915.

I had been hunting on the head-
waters of a stream emptying into
the west arm.of Kootenay Lake,
and one evening at dusk I came
face to face with a very large grizzly
at less than twenty yards. A hurried
shot from my 42-40 Savage through
the shoulder dropped the bear in
its tracks, but it was on its feet im-
mediately. Instead of coming in my
direction as I had often heard was
the habit of mad and wounded bears,
it turned tail and was off like the
wind. I followed the bloody trail
of this bear until dark ; a drench-
ing rain continued all night and next
morning all signs of the wounded
‘grizzly were obliterated.

Sarver

Naturally my thoughts turned to
my rifle. Was it powerful enough
for the biggest of Rocky Mountain
grizzly? Most of my hunting had
been done with this same rifle and
with fair success on the different
varieties of game found in this sec-
tion. But it now looked to me that
a gun with a bit more killing power
would give one a little more advan-
tage in case a bear should ever charge,
and I had almost come to the con-
clusion that the hair breadth escapes
we have all heard so much about
were at least greatly exaggerated.

A few days later I changed my
views about this.

A friend of mine offered to lend
me his 1895 model Winchester, a
rifle shooting the 1906 U. S. Govern-
ment rimless cartridge. He had pur-
chased this rifle some time before
and wished me to try it out and
see how it would act on bear. I-tried
it all right and saw how it acted and
I also observed how the bear acted.

I had been hunting for two or three
days without seeing more than a
track, when one afternoon on com-
ing down from the top of a high
mountain I saw a bear feeding on
an open slide in the valley below,
about one half mile away. On look-
ing through a pair of glasses I car-
ried it proved to be a grizzly.

The evening shadows were now
drawing over ; the sun was sinking
low behind the mountain, and it was
obvious that if I wished to reach

122

the spot and get a shot at this bear
I should have to move quickly. So
accordingly I made my way down
to the creek, waded the stream and
began quietly stalking within range.
At one hundred yards I fired and
while the bear made.off at the report
of the rifle I could see that it was

SKIN OF GRIZZLY NO. ONE THAT CHARGED.

hit. It now ran into some heavy
timber and shortly appeared on the
other side where I got another shot
as it ran, this time catching it in
the hip, causing it to turn round,
bite at the wound and then rush
on again. It was out of sight be-
fore I could fire again.

Hurriedly I took up the trail which
I followed on the run quite easily,
for while the ground was hard and
dry splashes of blood showed the
course the grizzly had taken. I had
followed for perhaps two hundred
yards when the trail crossed a small
marsh where the water oozed and
seaped through the boggy ground.
With two jumps I leaped to dry
ground on the opposite side but hard-
ly had I made the second jump
when suddenly from under a stunt-

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

ed dwarfed balsam bush, where it
had been lying in wait, the bear
came charging out, only twenty feet
away.

There was no time for preliminar-
ies, for I hadn’t been accustomed
to such a sudden attack as this.
I half raised the rifle to my shoulder
and as the bear was now within eight
feet I pulled the trigger.

Still it came on and as I happened
to be exactly in the way I jumped
to one side while the bear passed
within two feet of me. As I jumped
I slipped and went down almost flat
in the water and r-ud. and as the
bear passed at right angles it also
fell and as it fell it wriggled around
and we lay there within three feet
of each other. My gun was still
empty as I had not had time to ex-
tract and put a cartridge in the
chamber when the bear charged, and
even had it been loaded I was in
such a position that I couldn’t pos-
sibly have fired.

For some seconds we lay there
and faced each other. I offered the
barrel of the rifle to the bear muzzle
first, hoping it would grab this in-
stead of me. It was welcome to
the complete gun should it care for
it: then possibly I could get up
and take a walk for the good of my
health and without the weight of the
gun to encumber me I could make
better time.

We continued in
some time and as
take the initiative
conclusion that it was my move.
I was beginning to get tired of this.
position and felt that to get up,
stretch my legs, and take a walk
into a more congenial atmosphere,
would do me good. In my school
boy days I was counted pretty fair
at hop skip and jump, and like many
other things that we once learn, such
as bicycling, swimming, etc., if occa--
sion again arises for use we find
we haven’t entirely forgotten how.
When the occasion therefore present-
ed itself for yours truly to againdo the
hop skip and jump act, I found by
measuring my steps later, that with
a little stimulation, in the shape of
an angry grizzly reaching for me,.
I had broken my own record.

this position for
the bear didn’t
I came to the

CHARGED BY GRIZZLIES

Working the lever as I ran, I put
another cartridge into the chamber,
and turned and put two shots into
the wounded bear as it growled and
rolled its massive head from side to
side, in exactly the same position
as it had at first fallen, and I felt
relieved when it lay perfectly still.

I found that the bullet I fired as
the bear charged had passed through
and broken the lower jaw and then
entered the chest. This shot saved
me no doubt from a mauling and
was the closest call I had ever had
before in my life. A little later as
I was cleaning the rifle I noticed the
front sight gold bead was missing.
Closer inspection showed a_ small
ring or swell in the muzzle. This
was no doubt caused by getting mud
and water in the muzzle as I lay
stretched out alongside the bear and
in firing the two hurried and last
shots without being aware there was
an obstruction in the barrel.

Next day taking the pelt of my
300 pound grizzly I tramped into
Nelson where I purchased a new
front sight for the .30. After try-
ing a few shots at a hundred yards,
at a target about barn door size,
without scoring a hit, I proved that
the accuracy of the rifle was com-
pletely gone in its present condition.

A day or two later, another person
by the name of Johnson, and I, pack-
ed out to the scene of my recent en-
counter. ‘This time I carried a .405
Winchester. In my belt were eight
H. P. cartridges, this being all I had
on hand at the time, a supplementary
chamber and a few .41 revolver cart-
ridges for use on smaller game. A
blanket, 344x4l% Kodak and a
week’s provisions about completed
my outfit for this trip. Johnson
carried a 30—30 Savage in which
he seemed to place much confidence.
I took him over the scene of my
recent mix-up as I wanted to prove
as nearly as possible to some one
that bear will charge and that I
had been in pretty close quarters
with one. I had no trouble in be-
lieving it myself but when I was
trying to impress the fact on Johnson
I think in his mind there was a lurk-
ing suspicion that I was fabricating.
But after I had shown him footprints

123

and other prints of both man and

beast I believe whatever suspicions
he had entertained were at least
partly allayed. :

For three days we hunted high
and low but with the exception of
two deer that we saw feeding on a
slide and which we didn’t molest,
we saw no other game.

THE WRITER AND GRIZZLY NO. TWO THAT
CHARGED.

We now concluded to move over on
to the head waters of the Midge. After
spending most of the day in crossing ©
the divide we camped in a‘trapper’s
small cabin. This cabin was located
in a low pass in the mountain, in a
divide between the heads of two
creeks, viz.: Midge and Wild Horse
Creeks. It was an ideal camp site
being completely surrounded by tim-
ber with wood and water at hand,
while on either side towered lofty
mountains their steep perpendicular
sides still partly covered with the
snow of the past winter. Now and
then huge pieces of stone broke away
and came crashing down the moun-
tainside causing a sound not unlike
so many empty wagons behind a run-

124

away team of horses, while through
openings in the timber we had glimp-
ses of our new hunting ground that
lay some three miles away.

The following morning despite a
drizzling rain we both started in
the direction of what looked like
ideal bear country. The route took
us through dense vegetation. Small
bushes came up to our waists and
the prickly devil’s club whipped and
filled our hands with jagged points.
The rain increased to a downpour
and while the calendar showed the
middle of June, the somewhat high
altitude chilled us through and in
mid-afternoon we wended our way
to camp, wet to the skin.

At camp we found a visitor. Our
visitor was a porcupine ; one of those
thorn covered denizens of the forest
who is too stupid to move quickly
and at the same time commands
the greatest respect from both man
and beast, and requires to be handled
with care. He had entered the cabin
and taken possession of our bed.
He seemed to like it too, but was
finally prevailed on to vacate, when
he took up quarters underneath the
bunk which complicated matters still
more as he took up a position in a
dark corner and with head to the wall
seemed like he meant to hold the fort.

I grabbed a small cudgel, one that
I could handle freely, and took a
position just outside the doorway.
Johnson got the fire shovel and at
first with gentle pokes tried to per-
suade the porky to come out in
the open. Then the punches _ be-
came more pronounced. “You will
chew the towel up with you and eat
the toes out of my shoes? Take
that and that’—thump. Then I
heard Johnson say a few words’ in
Swedish that I had never heard him
say in front of his wife. . Soon I saw
the form of a badly beaten porcupine
coming out of the doorway but he
carried very few quills. Johnson had
most of them attached to the wooden
shovel. The porcupine’s back look-
ed more like a bald pate. Johnson
now emerged. “Ain’t he one tam
son of a gun?” says he. “Just look
at me shoes!’ Needless to say, we
were never bothered by that par-
ticular porky again.

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

For several days we hunted per-
sistently and patiently, and if any-
thing requires patience it is bear
spring hunting. One never knows
when and where they are going to
appear and may hunt for many days
without getting a glimpse, coming
to the conclusion that there is no
bear in the country. Then suddenly
they will appear as if by magic, often
in the most unexpected places. It is
the uncertainty of the thing that
makes it real sport in the end.

One evening, after having been out
all day, Johnson reported having seen
a large grizzly walk across an open
slide a few hundred yards up from
the creek where he had been watch-
ing, but while he was trying to de-
cide the best way for a stalk the
bear disappeared and was seen no
more. This at least was good news
and of course we were out bright
and early next morning. We believ-
ed that the spell was broken and
that we soon would have some real
sport ; and we did; at least I did.

Following up the right hand side
of the wooded stream, examining
the slides on the opposite bank, John-
son continued on up the stream,
while in order to get a better view
I climbed straight up the side of the
mountain.- From my stand I had
an almost unobstructed view of the
opposite side of the mountain. It
was a grand and inspiring sight.
Scattered clumps of green timber, -
spruce and balsam were here and
there. Many places huge snowslides
had come down clearing everything
before them. The tracks of these
slides, from the very waters’ edge
and high up the mountain were cov-
ered with vegetation, grass, weeds
and many forms of young vegetable
life all spread out in green and end-
less confusion. Looking at it from
a distance it appeared like small
mountain lakes hanging on the side
of the mountain. Here and there
were patches of old snow that look-
ed not unlike white table cloths
clinging to the landscape, while ma-
jestic and rugged peaks overlook the
whole panorama.

Suddenly about half way up the
~mountain on a green and open spot,
three dark specks appeared. Yes,

CHARGED BY GRIZZLIES

they were moving and on inspecting
them through the glasses I saw they
were grizzlies, an old female and
two half grown cubs.

I judged them to be over a mile
away, and while I expected they
would be through feeding and gone
beforeeI could cover the distance and
get within range, I could at least
try. Quickly as the circumstances
would permit I made my way back
down to the creek and up the other
side of the mountain. Many places
I pushed my way through clumps
of alder bushes and as these bushes
all pointed and grew almost straight
down the slope, the travelling indeed
was hard going. Perspiration simply
poured and my heart sounded like a
Salvation Army drum. But only one
thing was in my mind and that was
to get closer to my quarry. After
an hour of this travelling I came in
sight of the family. They were just
leaving their feeding ground and were
picking their way over the rocky
bluff just above. I would much ra-
ther have sat down and cooled off
a bit before trying to fire but I real-
ized it was then or perhaps never.

They were now about 150 yards
away and with the first shot I miss-
ed. The-second caught the old bear
through the body but too far back.
She turned two or three summer-
saults down the hill but she was up
and off on the run, while in the con-
fusion the two cubs bunched around
her. I fired the remaining three
shots that the .405 contained, in rapid
succession. One of the cubs was
caught with a bullet or splinter as
it splashed on the rocks, and came
tumbling down the hill, lodging in
a bunch of dwarfed spruce bushes.
Of the eight cartridges I now had
only three left. These I put into
the magazine and chamber and in
addition I had the supplementary
and one .41 revolver cartridge in my
pocket. Climbing up on the bluff
I took up the trail of the old bear
passing alongside the wounded cub.
The trail led me in a gradual curve
around the side of the mountain and
this I carefully followed for perhaps
175 yards.

Back behind me the wounded cub
now set up a bawl while just ahead

Yt 5

I heard the deep guttural growls of
the old bear and by the sound I knew
she was coming my way. Through
the bushes she soon showed up, not
twenty yards away and believe me
she was coming some. I didn’t exact-
ly like the looks of things, the hill-
side here was steep, wet and slippery
from the recent rains, and not exactly
the place I would prefer for a mara-
thon race.

I waited until the bear got within
ten feet and pulled the trigger. ‘This
shot went into the shoulder and
while it checked her slightly she did
not drop. I worked the lever and
put in another cartridge in the cham-
ber and fired as the bear was within
six feet again, catching her in the
shoulder and even this shot did not
drop her instantly. I again worked
the lever and attempted to put the
last cartridge in the barrel but in
my hurry I failed to open the action
of the rifle far enough and it closed
on an empty barrel. Somehow I
noticed this mistake at the time but
there was no time for correction at
least not at present. Things were
becoming interesting. Quickly I took
stock of the surroundings and while
the scenery didn’t exactly interest
me just then, I noted a narrow open-
ing leading from where we stood some
fifteen yards down the mountain.
This opening seemed to be my only
visible means of escape and I took
it. As the bear was now alongside
me I jumped to one side and partly
rolled on hands and feet down the
narrow opening where I brought up
at the roots of quite a large spruce.
Hardly had I landed against this
when the grizzly came rolling down
after me. The bushes here were
more scattering and a few steps took
me to one side and at the same time
I put the last cartridge in the cham-
ber. The bear brought up at the
identical place I had, at the foot of
the spruce, where it lay and never got
up again. While she seemed to be
breathing her last, as her muscles
still quivered, I was taking no chances
and fired the last cartridge at about
ten feet, hitting her behind the shoul-
der. Then fishing in my pocket I
found the auxiliary cartridge and
placed it in the chamber as a last

126

resort. Of course this was not re-
quired as she was a badly shot up
bear. Far down and alongside the
creek was Johnson who on hearing
the shooting counted the shots one
by one, and while he could hear
plainly the roars of the bears could
not locate either them or me. And
it was not until I again went back
out into the opening and waved my
coat as a signal to come up that he
discovered where I was.

After he arrived we built a fire
near the dead bear and with the
small pail he carried, soon had tea
brewing.
tack and tea we took a few pictures
and then set to work skinning the
bear. As to the cub we never saw
it again and after following its track
for some time lost it completely.

Johnson looked at his 30-30 Sav-
age, smiled and said, “I tank my tam
little 30—30 too leetle for greezly.”’
I agreed with him. We judged this
bear to weigh about 450 pounds.

No sooner had we removed the
pelt from the bear than the storm
which had been threatening, broke
upon us. Rain, hail and sleet came
down fast and thickly and the ground
was soon covered over. We arrived
at camp that evening wet, tired and
hungry, but as we spread the bear

After a lunch of hard-’

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

skin out upon the floor of the cabin
and looked upon its deep rich silvery
coat, I for one felt content.

Next day it rained again, so we
both stayed in camp and cleaned and
worked on the skin. I would have to
retire from the field of battle any-
how for I was seriously slrt of
ammunition. So the following day
we loaded up with our outfit and the
skin and reversed our tracks, reach-
ing Nelson after a two days’ hike.

Was I scared when charged by
the bear? To this I can truthfully
answer, I was not; neither was I
excited afterwards as is sometimes
the case. I was surprised myself
for I had always felt that should I
ever be attacked by wild game, I
would lose my head. But for some
reason I cannot explain, I felt as cool
as at the present time when these
lines are being written.

One thing I have learned through
experience is that if grizzly bear are
wounded and pursued too closely,
they will turn on their pursuer and
once a mad and wounded grizzly gets
under headway with full steam up,
he is hard to stop. So my advice,
be it worth what it may, is, should
you ever follow a wounded grizzly
or one with cubs, for the love of Mike
be careful.

A PUGNACIOUS GOOSE

Edward T. Martin

UST before the final freeze-up last fall,
J a party coming from the Dolly Varden
Mine in North Western Canada, shot
and wing tipped a large “‘honker’’ or grey
goose which fell in the shallow water of the
Sound not far from shore. (Roast goose for
the mining men whose principal food came in
tins and to whom canned goods had become
very tiresome, was a delicacy not to be
sneezed at), consequently ““Bob”’ a well broken
retriever also the pet of the party, was motion-
ed towards the icy water and told, “‘Go fetch.”
Obediently he went but did not fetch. The
goose had something to say about that fetch-
ing part for he turned on the dog, showing
fight and whichever way ““Bob”’ went he found
the goose face on, beating him over the head
with his good wing and striking blows which
sounded as solid as the strokes of a woodman’s
ax and which certainly were no love taps.
The dog, dazed and blinded by such a
reception, hesitated. “Go to it old boy.
Fetch him out,’’ his master shouted and

“‘Bob” once more obeyed only to find the
goose ready and facing him as before; then
after receiving several other hard thumps
across his head, he again turned shoreward.
The third time he was not so anxious to renew
his attack but when ordered to “Go fetch,’
looked reproachfully at his owner seeming to
say, “I’ve done my best already, Boss. Don’t
you see what I am up against?” Still he
did try in a half hearted manner but when the
goose came on in a counter attack, hissing
and pounding the water with his well wing,
“Bob” considering he had done enough, turn-
ed tail and beat it for shore the while the
goose with a honk of triumph, sailed for deep
water. I believe he should have been per-
mitted to go in peace, but he wasn’t. A shot
tnrough the head settled things after which
‘*‘Bob” brought him ashore. The writer has
killed thousands of wild geese and tens of
thousands of ducks but never before has he
known one of either if crippled, to show fight.
This is the more surprising when it is con-

A PUGNACIOUS GOOSE

sidered that among themselves all waterfowl
are extremely pugnacious. It is a fact also
that frequently a drake canvas back or blue
pill will carry his desire for a fight so far as to
attack the first white backed wooden duck he
ean reach after lighting in a flock of decoys,
striking it a blpw with his bill that can be
heard rods away.

Geese also, or more properly ganders in
mating time are very pugnacious, using bills,
wings and bodies in their battles and it is no
mean blow one strikes when rearing up. It
comes down breast first with its whole weight
on an opponent, but its courage always oozes
out when man appears.

A mallard will fight anything or anybody
in defense of her nest but all ducks, like geese,
wnoen wounded seek refuge in swimming and
diving, or if on land by skulking or hiding,
never offering resistance when man or dog
comes to retrieve. A loon, on the contrary
is a dead game sport and the writer once saw
one, 2 cripple in very shallow water, drive its
sharp bill through the rubber of a boot and into
the leg of a gunner who presumed too much on
short acquaintance.

Cranes, herons, bitterns and all their tribe
are wicked fighters. A wing tipped sand hill
can whip a man unless the man uses gun or
club, and can kill a dog at a single blow if its
bill should reach an eve and through it pene-
trate the brain, as has happened to my know-
ledge. The writer once saw a turkey buzzard
rise up out of a hollow stump and snap at the
nose of an inquisitive boy, that was poked
over the rim while endeavoring to see what
manner of ill smelling beast or bird had its
habitation there. The lad in jumping away.
tripped over a vine, falling flat on his back in
a mud puddle and if any bird ever had a sense
of the ridiculous, certainly that old buzzard
grinned all over her face.

With the exception of the “‘solitary”’ plover,
now nearly extinct, I have no recollection of
any upland game bird that wil turn and give

127

battle when wounded and pursued. On the
other hand most insectiverous birds well or
wounded will fight anything. Asa boy I saw
a pair of mocking birds defend home and bab-
ies against a tree climbing snake and give the
reptile so much the worse of it that when killed
its head was raw and bleeding and one eye
closed.

Every one knows a little king bird can put
an eagle to flight as can also a blackbird, par-
ticularly if aided by several of its kina, while
neither eagle, hawk, nor owl! shows fear of man
when nesting or wounded and brought to bay
invariably opens hostilities first.

Years ago I tip winged a large horned owl,
the bird falling in the water where it was
easy to gather and put in a sack. I was al-
ways wanting some outlandish thing for a’
pet and it looked reasonable that tnis owl
might be tamed. Tne sack was opened in my
dining room where the lights dazzled his.
owlship, else he surely would have gotten me.
As it was nis claws barely missed my leg and
his beak, closing with a wicked snap, my hand.
Then ne drove the children out of the house,
after wnich he turned his attention to my
better half. Tuere was where he missed his.
guess. Sne, considerably peeved at the muss
and disturbance already made, repelled his
cnarge with a broom, made a counter attack
with a base ball bat, picked nim up stunned
and bleeding, by the souna wing and threw
him out of an open winaow. Further depon-
ent saith not, except that from the looks of
the cat next morning she must have triedfto
have owl for dinner and found a revived and
ready bird. So, although almost everytning
else in the wild is ready to fig.it man, beast or
bird when its life or its young are threatened,
taat is, everything but the well mannerea up-
land game ana some of the water biras, this
performance of a goose, crippled and hamper-
ed by a broken wing, in beating off a determin-
ed dog, certainly is remarkable and worthy of
note.

THE VEERY’S SONG

John Markey

Deep in the woods at the close of the day
» The Veery is trilling his vesper call.
““Cheerily, cheerily,”’ seems he to say,
““Cheerily, cheerily, cheerily all.”
Good bye to the light; welcome the night,
Cheerily still whatever befall.

O shy little bird, thy brave little son
A lesson contains for us all if we will,
That we, too, might sing, as the shadows grow

long,
““Cheerily, cheerily, cheerily”’ still—
Hailing the night, speeding the light,
Knowing no doubt, fearing no ill.
““Cheerily, cheerily, cheerily”’ still.

BURNS OF BENWELL

Bill Riverside

OR
a
some

vears I had been longing to spend
night in the Benwell Swamp. To
readers the name will have a

kK

familiar sound, as it was in this swamp
years ago that Birchall so cruelly murder-
ed Benwell, for which he paid the death

penalty on the gallows.

A narrow road leads through the very
centre of this long dismal swampy wood-
land, and about half a mile from the road
in the heart of the sw amp, lies Benwell Lake,
—the most unfrequented and lonely spot to
be found in the County.

Some say there are ghosts and unaccount-
able lights and uncanny sounds along the
road and in the sw amp at night ;
ly very few drive through

Goblins and ghosts and spooks are feared
by most people. The bravest and most
fearless who would smile at the most formid-
able and awesome realities are often the
most superstitious and nervous about spooks.

On the evening of June 10th Katherine
dropped me down about the middle of the
swamp near the big stump and drove on
with the understanding that I would be
at the same big stump the next morning
at nine o'clock.

I had been watching for just such a night
for some time,—a night nearly cold enough
for frost. We usually have one or two such
nights in June. The cold calms ‘‘the still
small voice” of the mosquito, thus making
perfect the charm of the June woods.

I not only wanted to get my night lesson
or sermon from the wild things, and look
up some orchids in the morning that grew
by the lake, as I had been told, but I also
wanted to find a man by the name of Burns

after dark.

who lived in a cabin west of the lake, and ~

was spoken of as a hermit or recluse. Ben.
Burns or Benwell Burns he was called by
the few who knew him.

I had the location of his cabin from one
who had been there, and when I arrived
at the door with my roll of blankets on my
back and basket of food in my hand, he
called from within, “‘Whither away, good
stranger? What cheer?’

For a moment I was somewhat at a loss
for an answer, but finally replied, “‘I am out
to spend a night in the woods sir, and in-
cidentally to hunt up a man by the name

of Burns, and if I mistake not he lives with-

in these walls.”

With that a broad sunny smile lit’ up
his face as he approached and shook my
hand.

His little cabin Stood in the midst of a
pine and cedar thicket, and he had been
sitting on a primitive veranda that stood
suard on the front.

“Welcome stranger,’ he said, “Come in
on the porch away from the mosquitos!’’

I then noticed that the porch was encir-
cled with mosquito netting.

consequent--

128

‘very unusual these days.

As we sat down on a rustic seat he asked
my name and when I said ‘Bill Riverside”
he again shook my hand most lustily, with
the rejoinder, “All things come to those who
wait.” “I have heard of you and have been
wanting to see you for a long time. You
are the man who occasionally sleeps in the
woods, and knows all about birds and flowers
and things out of doors.”

“Stop right there, Burns,’ I replied. ‘*You
are mistaken, I am not the man. I don’t
know all about anything.”

“Very well Riverside, literally speaking,
perhaps you don’t, and I have no doubt
you find it much easier to know something
about everything than everything about
something.”

As we sat silent for a minute I began to
realize that I had met with a character well
worth knowing, and come to think of it I
had seen him on different occasions before
about the book stores in town, but had no
idea he was Burns of Benwell.

“Ohl? I said, as I picked up an old book
from the bench on which we sat ; “So you
read Homer, do you Burns? Do you not
find his philosophy somewhat musty and
antiquated?”

“No! No!’ he answered smilingly, “I
don’t find it so, and I must acknowledge
that I also read the Violets, and the Orchids
and the Lilies, and you know they are Tae
older still than Homer.”’ ;

“T should think you would have but small
need for printed books Burns ; with your
appreciative ability to read the ever open
book of nature.”

This brought another broad smile, also
a snuff box from his vest pocket ; something
I willingly par-
took of a copious pinch which seemed to
please him.

Before going further I should tell you what
I know about this man, or rather what I
don’t know about him.

He has been living here in his little cabin
for some years—a lone enthusiast of the
woods. No one seems to know from whence
he came or anything about his earlier life.
He seems to have money for his simple needs,
and by permission from the man who owns
the property on which he lives, he cultivates
a little patch of cleared ground on the edge
of the woods about half a mile from his cabin
and he assured me he always had abundance
of garden stuff. “Give me enough,” he
said, “‘more is needless.” “Enough, is the
philosophy of true happiness.”

e Now this is practically all I know about
im.

His cabin appeared to be clean and whole-
some, although it had an air of poverty ;
while Burns himself seemed rich in experi-
ence, contentment, knowledge and sympathy.

“You must have some private means
to even live in this simple manner,”’ I ven-

= but soul?

BURNS OF BENWELL

tured. ‘Of a truth I have, Riverside. Lit-
tle, yet much. My dollars are like my days ;
the fewer they become, the less trouble they
give me.” ;

As we chatted, the shades of evening
were beginning to gather down, when sud-
denly Burns put up both hands as if pro-
nouncing a benediction, and in a low voice
whispered, ““Hark’’; and as we did the sil-
very soothing song of the Hermit Thrush
broke upon us.

“In comparison, I think there is no other
songster in all our woods to be reckoned
with,’ said Burns.

It sang closer and closer to the cabin until
within a few rods of the door.

“The man who has not heard the Hermit
Thrush,” continued Burns, ‘‘has not enjoy-
ed his full measure of heaven on earth.

I made no reply and we were quite for a
few minutes, while the thrush charmed our
hearts.

“By the way, Riverside,”’ said Burns, “have
you ever given a thought to the psychology
of birds?’

I thought for a moment and the thrush
filled in the pause with one of its prima donna
efforts.

“No Burns,’’ I answered, “I have not—
nor can I see the wisdom of such research,
as I cannot imagine birds having minds or
souls.”

I saw at once I had touched a responsive
key, so to speak,—a live wire in the mind of
my new acquaintance.

The snuff box was again presented and
after tickling our olfactory nerves with a
couple of pinches, Burns began:

“Now listen Riverside; that song is a
proof that the thrush has a soul. Music,
beauty, love, hope, pleasure, what are they
What are they but deathless
spirit in transition? What are they all
but proofs of immortality? Music, good-
ness, beauty, faith, love and hope, never die.

Eres. yes,; Burns, I said, “but what
about the depraved, the bad?”

“Let- me tell you, Riverside,’ he replied,
“the bad, the useless, the harmful, the ugly,
the discordant die. No soul, no life, dust
to dust.”

“Yes, yes Burns, but what about the sur-
vival of the fittest, the continuity of cruelty
and brute strength—for instance let us look
at the wild cat, the lion or the rattlesnake.
Have they not beauty, and did you not say
beauty was an attribute of soul?”

“Of a truth Riverside, but it must be a
beauty that will inspire love.”

I began to realize by this time that Burns
was getting me into deep water, and I am
not so sure that he was ‘not floundering a
bit himself.

The twilight had now deepened into dark-

ness and I incidentally drew Burns’ atten-

tion to a flute I had noticed on the window
sill as I came in. I heard he was a flutist
and I thought it would be quite in keeping
with the glory of the night to have a tune.
He simply said nothing, but acted on the
suggestion, and in a few minutes piped up
in®the gentlest mellow strains,—‘‘Believe
Me If All These Endearing Young Charms.”

129

I am glad it was dark. As he played the
tears ran down my cheeks. It was one of
poor old mother’s favorite songs.

He soon changed the tune however to
“Flow Gently Sweet Afton,’ and the mur-
muring stream seemed to be flowing past
the cabin door while he played.

In all the many years of my-life I have
heard nothing more enchanting than the
music of a flute when played in the deep
woods or on a lonely hillside at night.

Burns now suggested that I spread my
blankets and lie down in order that I might
enjoy the night sounds. He added, how-
ever, that it would give him great pleasure
to remain up with me longer (should I have
no objection), to which I gladly assented.

Just then a sound near the cabin attract-
ed our attention. ‘‘Hark, Burns,” I whis-
pered. “Do you know what that faint
squealing cry 1s?”

“Of a truth Riverside. Alas, poor toad.”
Evidently he had heard. such sounds before
and knew a snake had caught a toad.

“Why is it,” asked Burns, “that a toad
will cry out at the sight of a snake, when
no amount of torture of any kind will make
it utter a sound, or how does the toad know
it is liable to be swallowed by the snake?
And the toad being poisonous, why do gar-
ter snakes not prefer other things as food?”

“Well, I answered, “‘perhaps they can’t
catch other things as easily, and as for be-
ing poisonous, I don’t understand why they
are So, as it seems to’ be no protection against
their arch enemy the snake. It would seem
a waste of nature’s energy to make the toad
poisonous and its enemy immune.

“There is no doubt about toads being pois-
onous,” replied Burns. “‘A dog will froth
at the mouth after biting one, and the Indians
used to hold toads to the fire until the creamy
substance oozed from their backs with which
they poisoned their arrows.”

I felt like asking more whys and where-
fores, but had learned by this time that
Burns was like old Bob Green’s horse. When
he started he was hard to stop, and when
he stopped he was hard to start.

Another pause now occurred which gave
us an opportunity to listen to the innumer-
able little night sounds. The chirrs, and
chirps, and hums of insects and the under-
tone calls of small birds, all combining to
complete the indescribeble. enchantment.

I broke the lull this time by saying,—
“Let me ask you Burns, (not wishing to
take liberties with your private affairs),
how long have you lived here, or how long
do you intend making this your home?”’,

“T have not lived here as long as I should
have, Riverside, as I was too late in com-
ing, nor can I remain as long as I would
hope to as my time is all too short.” “I
have lived here three years,’’ he continued,
“and they were as ore. I’m sorry I count-
ed them. Why do we count the tick, tock,
tick, tock of our mortal years? If the Her-
mit Thrush could count four, perhaps it
would never sing. If the muskrat could
realize the brevity of his life, he would take
little pains in building a house. We count
both ways Riverside, backward into loss
and forward into fear ; and why, tell me,

130

should we give more thought to yesterday
and to-morrow than to to-day?”

“Yes, yes, Burns, but you have spoken
about immortality ; is it not of to-morrow?”

“Of a truth Riverside, but the only way
to prepare for immortality is to love this
life and live it faithfully to-day. Immor-
tality is result, not inevitability. After my
bones have gone back to dust, I trust that
my spirit or soul will remain the “Ignis
Fatuus” of Benwell Lake for all time. In
after ages when the botanists visit Benwell
Swamp, and find the Trailing Arbutus, the
Lady’s Slipper, the Calypso, the White Wood-
sorrel, the Fringed Gentian and innumerable
others, they will likely exclaim with rap-
turous ecstasy,—‘‘How came all these treas-
ured wildlings here?’”? Then may the hollow
winds whisper,—‘‘Ignis Fatuus.”

“Yes, yes, Burns,” I said, “but what’s
the odds? You will be dead and forgotten
so long.” ;

“No, no, Riverside, not dead while my
wild flowers live.’

“But tell me Burns, do you think you
are doing anything of practical value to
mankind?”

“Practical fiddlesticks, Riverside,’’ he re-
torted somewhat peevishly. You would have
me uphold modern progressive ideals, in short
practical progressive desperation. No, River-
side, I am certainly not encouraging or con-
doning the mad illusions of the hour, yet
I think I am doing something of practical
value in teaching people how to live well
and on a mere pittance with absolute free-
dom from avarice, discontent, pride, hate,
wealth, poverty, fear, jealousy, care or crav-
ing ambition. Oh; ambition. The drunk-
en orgy of the age—the mad monster of
modern civilization.”

Just then the mighty midnight was rent:

by the wild maniacal laugh of a loon.

“No wonder it’s called a loon,’ I said
to Burns, “as I think there is no sound in
all the woods more idiotic ; and withal it
has a fascinating charm like the unseemly
roar of the moose, or the piercing scream
of the lynx.”

“Burns,” I continued, “How does it come

that a loon should be here at this season of
the year, when it should be in the far North
nesting?”
_ “suppose,” he replied, “‘it has lost its mate
in some way and it is now on its way South
again. It has been here now for two days,
and I have never known one to stay in Ben-
well Lake over three days.” :

“Why, do you suppose, do they laugh or
call in the night in that manner, Burns?”

“No doubt,” he answered, “it is simply

a call of the kindred. The voices of the
thousand things in nature all seem needful
to perfect the purpose. Listen again, River-
pee, Je the night wind sighing in the pine
ops!
_ I found myself becoming more and more
interested in Burns as the night passed. His
religion and philosophy seemed to be self-
taught—a dreamer of dreams—and never
had I met a man who appeared more divinely
inspired.

I now proposed that we lie down to rest
as it must be far past midnight, to which

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

he quickly agreed and brought out some
blankets or quilts, saying,—‘‘Here River-
side, spread these down! They will tend
to soften the surface of this old board floor’;
then the click of the snuff box meant a part-
ing pinch for the night.

I was very soon resting comfortably on
my shake-down ; a nice breeze having sprung
up inspiring the old pine trees with sooth-
ing lyrics. Little wonder Burns was enamor-
ed of the pines.

Pine trees and men are like unto like.
Some are lofty with little heads, some are
small with big spreading cone filled tops.
Some are inspiring and grand, and some
are lopsided. They sing soft dreamy songs
when the gentle breezes blow, and when the
stormy tempests break upon them, they
sway and bend and toss and chafe, and when
at last they fall we find they have been
spending their lives in preparing soft needle
beds for their final resting places.

Just as I was nodding off to sleep I heard

above the breezy rustle of the trees the far-
away barking hoot of the Barred Owl.
_ If I could only bring such sounds back
to the people in the city who have never
heard them, I wonder what the effect would
be ; and after all I suppose, people who
don’t hear such don’t care to.

When an owl swoops across my pathway
in the moonlight it sets me thinking about
birds in their relation to man. If we only
knew all about owls we might to some ex-
tent understand the mystery of our own
existence.

We seek knowledge from birds and flowers
and other out-of-door things, not always
because we love them, but because we love
ourselves. We are selfish enough to some-
times covet the birds’ wings in order that
we may fly ; perhaps for pleasure, perhaps
from Justice.

While listening to the spasmodic outburst
of the owl I wandered away along a winding
forest pathway into dreamland, and when
I woke the glorious grey dawn was break-
ing. I sat up in my bed and listened to
the sweet plaintive song of the white throat-
ed sparrow. Others soon joined in and I
had a medley of music from all sides.

Burns heard me moving and was about in
a few minutes singing, and I caught the fol-
lowing few lines of his song,—

‘Like a weed by the wayside,
All withered and sear,

My summer has gone,
And my autumn is here.”

After having a bite to eat we went for a
stroll about the lake. It was quite cool
and as a consequence there were no mosquitos
to bother us. Burns zig-zagged here and
there pointing to this and that of interest
finally leading me to a little boggy patch
at the upper end of the lake, and showed
me a cluster of Leucophaia, that sweetly
scented long spurred orchid I had been look-
ing for so long.

What a delight it is to find an orchid in an
out-of-the-way place. I say ‘“‘find.” They
are not lost although we may be.

BURNS OF BENWELL

‘Now follow me on,’ said Burns, ‘‘and
I will show you the mycrostylis you were
asking about last night!’

Had I hunted for a week I could not have
found what he showed me in half an hour.
What with habenarias, goodyearas, cypre-

pediums and many others, we had a morn-
ae among the wild flowers never to be for-
otten, and as we talked about birds and
owers and trees and butterflies the bird
song broke in upon us repeatedly causing
big gaps in our conversation while we listened.

131

Thus passed the time until I realized that
I was about due at the big stump on the
roadside where I had promised Katherine
I would be at nine o’clock, and I well under-
stood what an old uneasy horse was like
in mosquito time.

After arranging with Burns to spend an-
other night together in the near future, we
took a parting pinch of snuff and I hurried
away soon leaving Burns of Benwell far be-
hind, in his glory.

“MISERIES OF FISHING”

C. Edgar Thomas

ISHING has probably been the subject
EF of more books, pamphlets and articles

than any other sport or recreation.
Fishing writings, good, bad, and indifferent,
have regularly been given to the world, and
while the intrinsic value of these effusions
must necessarily remain a matter of doubt
and opinion, one outstanding feature alone
remains—their number is legion.

In the early part of the last century, a
humble angler employed his leisure moments
by writing some jottings on the miseries of
the sport of fishing, which although extremely
interesting and “‘sagely wise,” have not
gained that publicity that their merit en-
titles them to, and to which many an inferior
work has attained. This fact is probably
-due to the modesty and simplicity of char-
acter of the author, Richard Penn, who
enjoyed to the full a quiet and almost un-
eventful life. At one time he held a_posi-
tion in the Colonial Office, while probably
the only event that temporally broke the
evenness of his life, was his election as a
Fellow of the Roy al Society.

His “Miseries of Fishing’’ is characterized
by a quaint style of humour, and in the be-
lief that it is deserving of a better fate than
the mediocrity to which it has descended,
it is here reprinted in the hope that it may
be of interest to all true lovers of “‘the noble
sport.”

Feeling rather unsteady whilst you are
walking on a windy day over an old foot-
bridge, and having occasion to regret the
decayed state of the hand-rail, which once
protected the passing fisherman.

ia
Suddenly putting up your hand to save
your hat in a high wind, and grasping a
number of artificial flies, which you had pin-
ned around it, without any intention of tak-
-ing hold of more than one at a time.

PEs
Leading a large fish down-stream and
arriving at a ditch, the width of which is
evident, although the depth of it may be a

matter of some doubt. Having thus to
decide very quickly whether you will lose
the fish and half your tackle, or run the
risk of going up to your neck in mud, per-
haps both. =

Making a great improvement in a receipt
which a friend had given you for staining
gut—and finding that you have produced
exactly the colour which you wanted, but
that the dye has made all your bottoms quite
rotten. =n

Fishing for the first time with flies of your
own making—and finding that they are
quite as good as any which you can buy,
except that the hooks are not so firmly tied
to the gut. a

Taking out with you as aide-de-camp an
unsophisticated lad from the neighbouring
village, who laughs at you when you miss
Se a fish rising at a fly, and says with
“You can’t fasten *em as my father

VII.

Making the very throw which you feel
will at least enable you to reach a fish that
is rising at some distance—and seeing the
upper half of your rod go into the middle of
the river. When you have towed it ashore,
finding that it has broken off close to the
ferrule, which is immovably fixed in the
lower half of your rod.

VIII.
Feeling the first cold drop giving notice
to your great toe that in less than two min-
utes your boot will be full of water.

EX.

Going out on a morning so fine that no
man would think of taking his waterproof
cloak with him, and then, before two o’clock,
being thoroughly wet through by an un-
expected shower.

When you cannot catch any fish—being
told by your attendant of the excellent sport
which your predecessor had on the same spot,
only a few days ago.

Having brought with you from town a
large assortment of expensive artificial flies
—being told on showing them to an ex-
perienced native, that “‘none of them are
of any use here.”

XII.

After trying in vain to reach a trout which
is rising on the opposite side of the river—
at last walking on ; and before you have gone
100 yards, looking back, and seeing a more
skilful friend catch him at the first throw,—
weight 3 lbs., 2 oz.

XIII.

Having stupidly trodden on the top of
your rod—and then finding that the spare
top which you have brought with you in
the butt, belongs to the rod which you have
left at home, and will not fit that which
you are using.

XIV.

Having steered safely through some dan-
gerous weeds a fish which you consider to
weigh at least 3 pounds and having brought
him safely to the very edge of the bank, then
seeing him, when he is all but in the land-
ing net, make a plunge, which in a moment
renders all your previous skill of no avail,
and puts it out of your power to verify the
accuracy of your calculations as to his weight.

XV.

Fishing with the blowing-line when the
wind is so light that your fly is seldom more
than two yards from you, or when the wind is
so strong that it always carries your fly up
into the air, before it comes to the spot which
you wish it to swim over.

XVI.

Wishing to snow off before a young friend
whom you have been learnedly instructing
in the mysteries of the art, and finding that
you cannot catch any fish yourself} whilst he
(by mere accident, of course) hooks and lands
a very large one.

XVII.

Attempting to walk across the river in a
new place without knowing exactly where-
abouts certain holes, which you have heard
of, -are. Probing the bottom in front of
you with the handle of your landing-net,
and finding it very soft.

XVIII.

Going some distance for three days’ fish-
ing, on the two first of which there is bright
sunshine and no wind, and then finding that
the third, whicn opens with ‘‘a southerly
wind and a cloudy sky,” is the day which a
neighbouring farmer hasfixed upon for wash-
ing two hundred sheep on the shallow where
you expected to have the best sport.

XIX.

Being allowed to have one day’s fishing in
a stream, the windings of which are so many,
that it would require half a dozen different
kinds to enable you to fish the greater part
of it, from the only side to which your leave
extends.

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

XX.

Finding, on taking your book out of. your
pocket, that the fly at the end of your line
is not the only one by many dozen which
you have had in the water, whilst you have
been wading rather too deep.

XXI

Wading half an inch deeper than the tops
of your boots, and finding afterwards that
you must carry about with you four or five
quarts in each, or must sit down on the wet
grass, whilst your attendant pulls them off,
in order that you may empty them, and try
to pull them on again.

XII. .

Jumping out of bed very early every morn-
ing, during the season of the May-fly, to look
at a weather-cock opposite to your window,
and always finding the wind either in the
north or east.

XXIII.

Having just hooped a heavy fish, when
you are using the blowing-line, and seeing
the silk break about two feet above your
hand ; .and then watching the broken end
as it travels quickly through each successive
ring, till it finally leaves the top of your rod,
and follows the fish to the bottom of the

river.
XXIV.

Receiving a very elegant new rod from
London, and being told by the most skilful
of your brother anglers, either that it is so
suff, or that it is so pliant, that it is not pos-
sible for any man to throw a fly properly

with it.
XXV.

Being obliged to listen to a long story
about the difficulties which one of your
friends had to encounter in landing a very
fine trout which has just been placed on the
table for dinner, when you have no story of
the same sort to tel an pet

Hooking a large trout, and then turning
the handle of your reel the wrong way ; and
thus producing an effect diametrically oppos-
ite to that of shortening your line, and mak-
ing the fish more unmanageable than ever.

XXVII.

Arriving just before sunset at a shallow,
where the fish are rising beautifully and find-
ing that they are about to be driven away
immediately by five-and-twenty cows, which
are prepared to walk very leisurely across
the river in open files.

XVIII.

Coming to an ugly ditch in your way
across a water-meadow late in the day, when
you are too tired to jump, and being obliged
to walk half a mile in search of a place where
you think you can step fe it.

Flattering yourself that you had brought
home the largest fish of the day, and then
finding that two of your party have each of
them caught a trout more than half a pound
heavier than yours.

=E ager

eC a cae

Sai ES RT rr

How much far-
ther is it to that ledge?

A small white boat from the light
station gradually lost headway as the three
occupants stopped rowing and gazed over
their shoulders at the objective of their long
row, four miles or thereabout.

“Regular ‘ladyfingers’ you boys have, hey?
Bet your hands are blistered?’”’ and one of
the boys looking ruefully at his hands ad-
mitted that it was a fact in his case, at any
rate.

“Got two of ’em,”’ he announced, “‘but,”
he added, turning from his hands to glance
forward again, “‘as I asked once before, how
much farther to the ledge?”

“About three-quarters of a mile I should
judge,’ answered the one addressed, “‘and
let’s put a little more ‘elbow grease’ on these
poverty sticks’ and get there.”

The older man pulled the midship, or stroke
oar, a long sweep, while the two younger
fellows, mere boys, pulled each an oar for-
ward and aft on the same side, their com-
bined efforts sending the light thirteen foot
gig ahead at almost racing speed. The sea
was perfectly smooth, making rowing a
pleasure to these people out from the con-
fines of the big light-station for the first time
this season, and in a very short space of {ime
they were within a few hundred feet of the
rocks. Here they changed places and the
older man shifted his position to the stern
while the other two rowed so carefully that
aside from the drip of water from the oars,
and a gentle ripple around the bow there was
not a sound from fhe boat.

“Just might happen there'll be a seal or
two on the ledge.”’ and as they gently shipped
their oars and slipped ’round a big shoulder
of the rock their hopes were to a certain
extent realized. They were entering a small
quiet cove and at the head of this place
sprawled out upon the rocks, lay a goodly

J IMMINY CRICKETS!

133

sized seal pup, his head stretched out before
him apparently asleep. His light, cream
colored coat dried out in the hot July sun
looked almost white as he lay there, a per-
fect picture of contentment.

The Light-keepcr picked up the gun lying
on the thwarts of the boat as he glanced
around, and then laid it down as it was very
evident there were no other seal on the ledge.

““Watch him,’ he whispered, and just then
the boat nosed against the weed-covered
rocks with a dull crunch. The little seal’s
head came up with a jerk,—he was not more
than fifteen feet from the boat and his big
dark eyes showed their bewilderment as he
gazed at the intruders.

The three in the boat sat perfectly still and
for perhaps a half minute the big luminous
dark eyes stared, then an enraged flame of
green took the place of the surprised stare,
the upper lip with its already stubbly bristles
curled back, and with a half hiss and half
snarl the youngster turned and flopped
awkwardly away from the boat toward a pool
some twelve or fifteen feet long by six or
eight wide, and perhaps three or four feet
deep that lay a bit to one side of his resting
place. Into this he plunged, and diving
to the bottom, stuck his head under a con-
venient boulder leaving his whole body expos-
ed to the sight of anyone looking down from
above. Here, in this position, the boat’s
crew discovered him.

They were after Murre’s eggs, the three
boatmen, 2 sea bird that nested on the ledge,
with which to make a bit of variety in their
bill of fare at the Station, and incidentally
to pick up a seal or two if the opportunity
should present itself and the seal prove to
be large enough to have a pelt that would
furnish oil enough to pay for trying out,
about the only use to which the common
harbor seal was put. This little fellow that
they had caught rapping was a new play-

134

thing for the boys, though as the keeper had
remarked it would have been a pity to kill
such a little fellow as there would not be
enough fat on him to pay for skinning. It
would be just plain slaughter, he maintain-

ed. One of the boys, however, could not
resist the temptation of reaching down and
poking the little fellow in the ribs. The
long lath he carried with the iron spoon
attached for reaching into the crevices of
the rocks for the murre’s eggs would just
reach the seal nicely, but the only sign of

life that the seal gave was to shift over a
little without withdrawing his head. There-
upon the three changed their tactics and
sat silently a few feet from the pool, await-
ing developments. After the lapse of per-
haps five minutes the little seal came to the
surface to breathe and with terror and anger
blazing in his eyes made a couple of turns
up and down the pool only to return to
his refuge below. The three egg hunters,
as time was limited, then left him to his
own devices and returning to the boat pull-
ed her far up out of reach of the tide which
had now turned flood. Then they went
on up the ledge where they were soon suc-
cessfully ‘bailing’ the eggs from out the
crevices where the murres had so carefully
hidden them.

Again the seal came up to breathe, and
this time he had no audience. This fact
he took in at a glance,—and frantically
scrambling out of the pool he made for the
water’s edge, avoiding as far as_ possible,
the boat which lay in his line of flight. Once
in the tide water he felt his confidence re-
turn and swimming over to a smaller ledge
—the St. Marys—he crawled out to a van-
tage point from which he could watch pro-
ceedings with safety.

There was a menace connected with these
creatures that came silently in boats from
across the water. Two short weeks since
he had been suddenly awakened by some of
these same creatures—it could not be ex-
pected that the seal pup would distinguish
between these two-footed white folks and
the Micmac Indians who had raided the ledge
ard ‘given him his first real fright.

te had been lying comfortably by the
side of his mother on that never-to-be-for-
gotten day, having a regular seal pup snooze,
when of a sudden there were terrible flashes
of fire followed by sharp explosions which
could be heard even above the wash of the
surf, and these creatures who stood upright
could be seen here and there above them
on the ledge knocking on the head with
clubs the ones of his kind that were too far
back from the water’s edge to make a quick
escape, as well as shooting at others who
were nearer the water. He saw his father,
a splendid big fellow, raise his head, take
one look and start for the water. There
was a flash and as they watched he plung-
ed into the surf leaving a trail of blood be-
hind him. At this his mother gave him a
vigorous shove off the flat rock they had
been resting on, sending him sprawling into
a shallow gulch that led to the sea, and
though the old seal’s movements would
probably have appeared awkward and clumsy
to an ordinary observer it was little short

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

of marvellous the way she slid and flopped
along that protecting gulch, driving the
pup ahead of her to the water, into which
they slipped, leaving scarcely a ripple. Swim-
ming close alongside the mother had swum
straight out for some two hundred yards
before rising to the surface to reconnoiter.
Looking back at the ledge then, and follow-
ing his mother’s example, the pup had raised
himself far up in the water to look back at
the scene of the slaughter. Around them
here and there were the remnants of the
herd, swimming uneasily back and forth
and occasionally stretching up to gaze at
their disturbers. The eddy of the tide was
setting in toward the rocks and in their
absorption in the proceedings ashore they
had drifted in considerably closer than the
others. The mother’s large wet glossy head -
and shoulders raised up to take observations
presented a tempting mark.

The whine of a bullet and the vicious
‘spat’ it made striking the water between
the pup and his mother caused the little
one to dive and swim wilcly away from her
but she, luckily untouched by the bullet,
easily overtook him and travelling with the
tide as far as the youngster’s wind capacity
would allow they had come to the surface a
long way off, where with rubbing of noses
and other little manifestations of affection
the parent had calmed the little one and
even induced him to take a nap on the sur-
face of the water, while she alternately kept
watch and did a bit of fishing. Finally they
had seen the canoes deeply laden depart
and eventually drop away from their sight
below the horizon. After a time they had
returned and climbed out on the ledge, only
to find the bloody carcases of some of the
herd lying among the weed covered rocks.
They had seen enough and they had left
that vicinity entirely.

That was some weeks ago. In the mean-
time the youngster had learned to catch the
small harbor pollack, to find the springs
of fresh water on the bottom where he went
occasionally for a long cool drink. Clams
and mussels there were for the taking, also
lobsters and crabs, although he much pre-
ferred freshly caught fish to any of these
shell fish. All these secrets of his home
element the sea, his parent had scarce shown
him, when a terrific encounter with a shark
had taken his mother. In going she had
so torn and slashed the shark that it had
drifted helplessly away shortly afterwards,
giving the pup lots of chance to escape.
Left alone at night with the tide running
like a mill race he had found his way back
to the place of his birth, the Yellow Murre
ledge, only to be frightened away one week
later by the three from the Station.

The sea was like a sea of brass, not a ripple
on the surface, heaving gently from the long
Atlantic swell that ran into the Bay with
the flood tide. The sun pelted down merci-
lessly on the calm water making it as a fur-
nace, but up on the damp rock weed rocks
the little fellow thought it a fine comfortable
place, and ordinarily he would have slept.
Now, however, he was in no mood for sleep.
Something, that instinct which is so char-
acteristic of the creatures of the. wild, was

THE SEAL PUP :

warning him of danger. If you are a hunter
or a fisherman, or a student of the wild,
you have seen, perhaps, a deer, feeding quiet-
ly, evidently never dreaming of danger,
suddenly put up its head, try the wind, and
in every move and action show that it is
suspicious of the fact that it is being watched.
You may know the wind is right.

You know, or at least you think you know,
that you are perfectly hidden, yet out there
in front of you the wild fowl are almost on
the verge of taking flight. What warned
them? What makes them change in a sec-
ond from evident contentment into sudden
suspicion? The writer has seen this happen
with both bird and beast but up to date has
heard of no satisfactory answer that would
app'y to one half the cases.

fF aising himself uneasily on his foreflippers
anc glancing out across the water time and
time again, the young seal was at last re-
warded by seeing the white boat appear and
move away toward the distant Station.
The oar blades as they rose and fell in the
sunlight sent back flashes of light that made
him think of the raiders’ guns but with these
flashes were no disquieting explosions so
he kept his place on the rocks and gradually
‘the boat faded away beyond his line of
vision.

For perhaps two hours he lay about in
the hot sun and dozed and rested to his
heart’s content. Then the rushing Fundy
tide reached his shelf of rock. First a light
wave splashed him, then one a bit heavier,
and finally he was floated off bodily. He
swam leisurely over to the edge of the eddy
that the tide made, where hé proceeded to
hunt for his dinner. Along these eddys
at this time of the year there were hundreds
of harbor pollack. The water was fairly alive
with them. Finding a convenient kelp bed
near the edge of one of these places the seal
would le in wait and found it no trouble
at all by making rushes at the passing schools
of fish to catch his fill in a very short time.
He had just caught an extra fine fish and
being in no hurry to finish him he had slowly
swum down to the bottom when there was
a swift rush, a large flat rock suddenly came
to life and with a rush of great flapping bat-
like wings it came straight for him. In his
surprise he dropped his crippled fish which
was immediately seized by the big skate
who seemed to be in no hurry to leave the
neighborhood. The pup was not so very
much alarmed at this apparition but warily
kept his distance and circled about. The
loss of his fish made him angry, and he was
about to make an attack on this robber even
though he was a good foot longer than him-
self when suddenly a shadow of some body
passing swiftly overhead caused him _ to
change his plans and swerve swiftly to one
side into the sea-weed.

The shadow meant one of two things,—
and the pup could not afford to take chances
—either a large fish, shark possibly, or one
of his own, a full grown seal had swum be-

135

tween the sunlit surface and himself. Scarcely
was he secreted himself when a six foot seal,
lean and as agile as any fish, swooped upon
the big skate. The fish bolted but the seal
was too quick for him and headed off the
skate’s attempt to reach the kelp beds where
both knew the hiding places were good.
The fish’s one chance lay in keeping the seal
at a distance until the latter had to rise to
the surface to breathe. Then he would
have a chance to make a getaway. He
dodged and doubled while the little seal
cowered down and hugged the bottom, his
lungs nearly bursting as he tried to stay and
see the finish, which came suddenly. The
big flat fish tried to manoeuvre above the
seal and get to deep water, but the seal was
again too quick and got a firm hold on the
great flat, slimy body near the head. In
vain he squirmed and twisted, but the mus-
cular jaws held him firm, and quickly closing
in the seal brought the claws of his fore-flippers
into play. Hugging the fish close he gave
a few vigorous shoves with his rear paddles
and went shooting to the surface, the pup
following at a distance, gulping in a great
breath of fresh air as he came to the top.
Continuing along the surface he watched the
larger seal with his still struggling captive.
Steadily the pair approached shoal water.
Occasionally the captor would dive with
his victim but each struggle brought the
two nearer a long point of the ledge. Here
the tide sweeping past the point caused the
long ocean swell to rear and go crashing
against the rocks. Into these breakers they
went, and presently nearly every toppling
breaker disclosed the six foot seal hugging
his five foot captive. Standing upright in
the surf he would tear off great strips from
the now lifeless fish and throwing his head
far back would swallow these with scarce
an attempt at cliewing.

Circling round and watching this spectacle
with wide eyes the pup saw before him a
long low piece of rock. The tide he knew
instinctively would not cover this even at
high water, and having a full stomach and
feeling very comfortable he dragged him-
self onto the rocky bed, carefully tested
the air with his nose for a possible danger,
and as the red sun sank into the water to the
westward of the ledges the youngster dropped
off to sleep to dream of the time when he,
too, would take a chance and capture great
flopping batlike skates, or perhaps a vicious
catfish, or as he had seen some of the big
bulls of the herd do successfully, fight off
the attacks of some marauding shark intent
on a seal dinner.

Note.—The ‘Seal Pup’ is the story of an
actual occurrence, witnessed by the writer
on a trip to the Murre ledges some. years
ago. Rod and Gun Cover stories will fol-
low as closely as possible, real stories of
animal or bird life gleaned from the author’s
own personal experiences, or the actual hunting
and fishing experiences of other sportsmen.

JUST WILLIAM

Gordon Dana

ILLIAM, when I caught him, was

black, long-legged and clumsy. The

reader must not think for an instant
that this is going to be the tale of some old-
time slave capturing expedition, for it isn’t,
it’s merely a simple story, simply told of a
bird scientifically known as the Corvus am-
ericanus,—in plain English—crow.

William was the stupidest of a family
of six, had he been otherwise he would not
have been caught. It happened thus: I
was taking a stroll through the woods in
the early summer. William and his brethren
were perched on a branch of a pine tree, not
so very high up and then again not so very
low down. I considered attack. William
and Co. considered escape. I removed hat
and coat,°and gingerly began to climb. Co.
minus William, started climbing higher to
safety, but William, doubtless very lazy,
looked about for easier means of escape.
At last he decided to hop down to the ground.
Whereupon he hopped. I gracefully follow-
ed and after many hair-raising chases, squawks
from William, and curses from me I succeed-
ed in wrapping him in my coat. In the
meantime William’s parents were by no means
idle, and once or twice I expected to lose an
eye ; but after I had him securely gagged
the family discontinued their cries of rage
and I departed lest harm befall me.

A comfortable if not luxurious home was
erected for William in the barn. His wings
were clipped and soon he became quite tame.
He cawed loudly every morning just at five
and just at eight I began a weary hour en-
tirely devoted to feeding the bird a piece
of bread and some milk. Soon he tired of
milkyand I tried him on meat ; he liked it,
ate it, and cawed for more. He made friends
with the Scotch Terrier, chased the cat,
and finally bossed the entire household.
Soon he objected to meat and I fed him
vegetables. Tiring of vegetables I fed him
biscuits. I was obliged to change his diet
every few days which soon became tiresome.

Many and marvelous were William’s ad-
ventures. Every once in a while the King-
bird which had rested in an apple tree in
the orchard, would attack him with intent
to kill- William would caw for help and I
would issue from the house with the speed
of a comet, stick in hand, and drive off the
intruder. The cat being a gentle creature
would not harm him but the neighbouring
collie made bi-weekly attacks on the bird

and once succeeded in taking the greater
part of its tail-feathers. However, little
things like this did not bother William, and
he seemed to take his numerous adventures as
a matter of course ; indeed I believe that
his life would have been very dull without
them.

William’s favourite perch was on the
kitchen verandah, and he would sit here
by the hour watching the different birds
with great interest. He would see a hawk
when it was but a speck in the sky, and would
become very much excited when a bunch of
crows would come sailing over the house.
He was fond of running away and once he
led me a fearful chase through bushes and
over fences but seemed glad when he was
safely fixed in the barn. He did not explain
why he hopped away, but I think that he
rather enjoyed my frantic attempts to cap-
ture him.

He soon learned to feed himself and then
the trouble began ; for his perch was near
the refrigerator and if the cook left any
choice edibles uncovered, the dear bird would
have a fine meal. More than once, his ac-
tions made me feel like placing my Diamond
Model Pistol close to his black head and blow-
ing his few brains out.

. William’s faults were numerous,—greed,
cheek and slyness being the main ones. He
consumed enormous quantities of food, an-
noyed the cat to excess, and the slyness he
exhibited in his many thefts was remarkable.
I do not remember havng ever caught him
in the act of stealing until one sad day in
August. William had been sitting on his
perch on the kitchen verandah as usual,
and I was on my way to the barn. I hap-
pened to glance in his direction, and to my
surprise saw him sitting motionless on top
of the refrigerator and apparently in the
clutches of indigestion. Before him was a
plate containing one sardine. It had con-
tained, as I found out later, twelve large
ones. This was William’s last ‘meal, the
eleventh sardine killed him.

William was buried with proper cere-
mony in the vegetable garden and over his
grave, inscribed on a shingle, is the follow-
ing touching epitaph:

Here Lies Just William,
(Corvus americanus)
Sardines, they killed him.

August 24, 1915.

In Bird-Lore for April, Gilbert H. Gros-
venor, the Editor of the ‘“‘National Geograph-
ic Magazine,” tells how, by making his farm
near Washington attractive for birds, he
has beaten all previous records for density
of bird population. During the spring and
summer of 1915, only two years after his
purchase of the place, he induced fifty-nine
pairs of birds to nest on the acre about his
home. The normal bird population of an

acre in the middle eastern states is some-
what less than two pairs, and Mr. Gros-
venor’s successful efforts to provide homes
for his bird tenants shows how greatly we
may increase the numbers of usefu! insec-
tivorous birds.

Colored plates by Fuertes and Horsfall
and numerous remarkable photographs of
wild birds illustrate the other articles of
this number.

136

a¢,
wld

aN pS —>
& Caran) )

SOME CLIMBS IN THE ROCKIES OF |
THE PINCHER CREEK DISTRICT

F. W. Godsal

HERE are some interesting climbs to be

had in the Rockies adjoining the district

of Pincher Creek in Southern Alberta.
In the late summer of 1914 I climbed Castle
Mt. (now changed to Windsor Mt. by the
Geographic board) and Victoria Peak, which
are about four miles apart. The first day I
followed up the valley and bed of Mill Creek,
carrying bedding and food on my back for
about six miles, and camped about half way
between Windsor and Victoria... At a very
little expense, by clearing out dead timber, and
some spade work, a road could be-made up to
the foot of the magnificent precipices of Wind-
sor Mt., making it an easy day’s drive from
the town of Pincher Creek. Next day I
followed up a small stream running into Mill
Creek, and after ascending the mountain slope
about a thousand feet suddenly found myself
facing the grand precipices of Windsor Mt.
I then traversed the mountain to the South,
having to descend again for a bit, till I came
to a fairly easy ascent from the West to the
highest point, 8382 ft., where there is a survey
cairn. Perched on the narth-west end of the
mountain, about a mile from this cairn, is a
most remarkable turret or citadel, but I had
not time to visit it on this occasion. That
night it snowed hard, and I had to beat a
retreat next morning, and had some trouble
getting out of the mountains in the falling
snow.

About two weeks later, the snow having
melted, I went in again to the same camp
ground, and next day climbed Victoria Peak,
8437 ft. It was a long ascent but not a
difficult climb. As one’s camp is only about
4800 ft, a greater number of feet have to be
climbed than is usual in the Yoho, and other
places, where camp is usually at a much
greater elevation, 7000 ft., or more. There

being no ice or snow on these lower ranges, one
is better able to study the geology and flora,
and other natural beauties, and game of all
kinds is more abundant. The streams also
abound in fish which glacial streams entirely
lack. This affords a pleasant occupation
when not climbing, and also helps out the
grub box. The view from Victoria is very
striking, as also from Windsor Mt. On the
West is a wild sea of mountaims, and on the
East a calm ocean of prairie covered with the
work of man, towns, fences, roads, and culti-
vation, like a map below one. Hundreds of
small lakes are visible, and in the distance are
the Sweet Grass Hills in the United Staes. It
is a view not to be forgotten. Having got a
good view of Windsor Mt. from Victoria, I
decided next day to try and reach the Turret,
traversing the North side of the mountain,
and expecting to find a fairly easy slope from
the West as I found at the South end. I
followed up another stream till I found myself
under those grand precipices and then travers-
ed to the right, or North, but when I came to
the point where I expected the grassy slope to
begin I found that it was also a precipice on
the other side, a most remarkable wall of rock,
about a mile long, a thousand feet high in
places with precipitous sides, and only about
100 to 300 feet in thickness. It is a very re-
markable formation, and though I saw that it
was impossible for me to reach the Turret that
day, I was well repaid for my exertions.
About a week later I made a camp up Castle
River (known as South Fork) intending to try
to reach the Turret from the West side, but a
heavy fall of snow in the night hurried me out
of the mountains and closed them for that
season.

In August, 1915, I again drove my buggy to
the same camp, at Kelly’s camp on Castle

137

138 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

GOULD’S DOME, SOUTHERN ALBERTA

river, and next day rode one horse, with my
pack on the other, accompanied by J. Miller,
of the Forestry Department. We rode up the
river for several miles, left the horses and
reached’ the Turrret without any serious
difficulty. But it is a trip well worth a little
trouble, and the Turret alone is a most strik-
ing object, like a fortification perched on the
verge of the precipices. We visited the cairn
on the other peak, and got back to our horses
just at dark and spent the night there. On
the way up we found a remarkable pillar of
rock, standing up several hundred feet high,
broken away from the mountain side. Not
far from the summit is a fossil bed, abounding
in specimens. It may also be seen on Victoria
peak. There are about five miles of precipice
on the sides of Windsor Mt., and it is a gem of
a mountain, and will well repay a visit.
Pincher Creek is the nearest town and railway
station.
Another very interesting mountain to climb
is Crowsnest Mt., which may be reached from
Pincher Creek, Cowley or other stations by
train, the town of Coleman being the nearest.
The nearest route to the summit is by a stiff
rock climb, and the first party to climb it con-
sisted of the famous Alpine climber, Edward
Whymer, with two Swiss guides, and Tom
Wilson from Banff. Since that, two other
‘parties of members of the Alpine Club of
Canada have made the ascent. It was not my
intention to attempt this climb alone, but to
explore round the mountain to see if there was
any possible easier way up. Early in August,
1915, I took the morning train to Sentinel flag
station, and packed my necessaries first to the
lumber camp, deserted at the time, and then
through the forest to the north side of the

mountain, and made camp on a stream in the
valley. Next day I had to blaze the trees to
timber line, to enable me to find camp again.
After a good deal of exploration work, and just
as I considered it impossible to climb from that
side, I noticed a narrow passage, which on in-
vestigation proved to be such a simple way up
the mountain, that I followed it, and reached
thesummit about5p.m. Itissafeto say that
this is the only easy way up on the whole
mountain, but one must go the extreme north
side to find it. I was overtaken by darkness
after getting into the timber, and spent the
night not too uncomfortably, reaching my
bedding next morning. I then found there was
a good trail, used by trappers, which took me
easily back to the old lumber camp. Crows-
nest mountain is well worth climbing, what-
ever route is taken, and is easily reached.
From the summit of Crowsnest Mt. I could
see, seventeen miles due north, Gould’s Dome,
10,163 ft., and being the only 10,000 ft. peak
in the district, I decided to try how near I
could get toit with my buggy. The route to it
is through the Livingstone Gap, about thirty
miles North of Cowley station on Crowsnest
branch of the C.P.R., and now that the party
surveying the boundary between British
Columbia and Alberta last summer cut out a
road up Dutch Creek, it can be reached with-
out much trouble. I went in up Hidden
Creek, and could only get on to the lower
slopes of the mountain when [| had to return
to my horses for the night. I hope to climb
it this year, and visit the most beautiful Alpine
meadows at its base on the headwaters of
DutchCreek. It was named by Palliser after Dr.
C, Gould, the famous English naturalist, when
the expedition came out of the mountains by

ALPINE CLUB NOTES

a trail near this mountain. Crowsnest Mt.
derives its name from a massacre of Crow
Indians in early days by the Blackfeet Indians,
when they got them into a “nest” or “‘corner-
ed’ them, as we should say, under what is now
called Turtle Mt., from its resemblance to a

139

turtle, a shape much spoiled by the great slide
a few years ago. The massacre took place
near where the town of Frank now is, and is
now covered by the slide. Any of the mount-
ains I have mentioned can be easily reached
without great expense, and will well repay it.

ALPINE CLUB NOTES

A successful Alpine gathering was recently
held in New York when the members of the
New York Section of the Alpine Club of
Canada and of the Appalachian Club, met
with Mr. Frank Yeigh, of Toronto, as the
guest of honor. Mr Yeigh gave a picture
lecture on “Canada’s Mountain World.”
Many of those present had conquered virgin

peaks in the Rockies and their interest was
keen in the panoramic series of slides, es-
specially those of the earlier club camps, and
of the trip to the Mount Robson region.

Mr. F. W. Freeborn, for many years an
annual visitor to the Canadian Alpine Club,
camp, is now living in Philadelphia.

YACHTING IN

CAPE BRETON

F. W. Baldwin

Oe BRETON offers such a_ varied’

assortment of advantages for yacht-
“ ing that it is difficult to know which
of its many good points would appeal most

strongly to one who contemplates a cruise -

in these waters.

Sailing to suit all tastes is to be found
here within a few miles, anything from
deep sea sailing on the broad Atlantic to
the almost indoor variety on the well shelter-
ed bays of the salt water lakes.

The outside coast of Cape Breton is ex-
tremely variable in character. On the south-
ern side near Isle Madame it is rather flat
but by no means uninteresting as there are
many harbors, and Lennox Passage—the
narrow and winding channel between Isle
Madame and the mainland is full of pretty
scenery and well worth the trouble of its
navigation, which is somewhat tedious if
the wind should happen to be ahead.

From St. Peters Bay to Gabarus and
Louisburg the coast is forbidding and un-
interesting and has no harbors for a keel
boat which is of course the only safe type
for these waters.

North of Louisburg and Scatterie Island
there are plenty of harbors but the shore line
is rather monotonous as far as Sydney with
the notable exception of Mira Bay and
Mira River which is one of the most beauti-
ful parts of the Island but difficult to get
at from the sea as there is no anchorage
off it and the river is only navigable for
small boats.

From Sydney to Cape North every bit of
the coast is picturesque with strikingly bold
headlands and steep cliffs which stand right
up from the sea. As might be expected from

the precipitous nature of this part of the

coast the water is deep right up to the shore
and there are no outlying dangers. The
hills vary from 800 to 1400 in feet in height

and are for the most part well covered with
timber.

Litle Bras d’Or, Big Bras d’Or, St. Annes,
Ingonish and Neils Harbor all afford good
shelter and are not far apart,—about twenty
miles between St. Annes and Ingonish being
the longest jump.
~ Neils Harbor is the most northerly one
where the anchorage is really safe. :

To double Cape North and follow the
western coast down to the Gut of Canso
thus circumnavigating the Island involves
some real outside cruising as the harbors
are few and far between.

As a marked contrast to this outside work
the Bras d’Or Lakes offer a cruising ground
of an entirely different character where the
anchor may be dropped and the yacht smug-
gled up for the night almost wherever one
happens to be.

Although these lakes are land-locked except
for the narrow entrances, there are plenty
of stretches open enough to provide good
sailing for large yachts.

The area of the lakes is almost 450 miles
with nearly 600 miles of ever changing and
delightful shore line. For the most part
the banks are bold and irregular abounding
in bays and coves which provide good hold-

ing ground and secure shelter at almost
every turn.
Unlike most places where harbors are

plentiful the water is deep and remarkably
free from shoals and reefs so that it is possible
to explore its narrow and fiord-like channels
in a deep keel boat without fear of ground-
ing. A 90 foot schooner or a sailing canoe
can nearly always find suitable conditions
as open water or sheltered bays and equally
available practically side by side in almost
any part of the lakes.

In anything short of a large sized pilot
book it would be impossible to describe

140 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

the many pleasant cruises which could be
taken within the lakes.

As an example taking Baddeck as a start-
ing point there are ten different harbors in
four generally different directions within
easy reach for an afternoon’s sail. Each
one of them provides absolutely secure shel-
ter and good holding ground for anything
from an American cup boat to a sailing
dinghy.

On these expeditions fishing in the sum-
mer and hunting in the fall can easily be
combined with cruising as several excellent
trout streams empty into the lakes and
there is fairly good duck shooting in some
of the bays.

Nova Scotia has a bad name for fog. Off
the south-east coast a south or southeast
summer wind is very likely to bring thick
weather with it, but this condition does
not hold true on the lakes due to the strip
of land over which the south or south-west
winds have to pass before reaching the lakes.

This passage over the land deprives the -

air of so much of its moisture that there is
rarely enough water vapor left to condense
on reaching the lakes. Clear bright weather
is the rule and not the exception even when
- it is thick as mud outside.

Another advantage which the Bras d’Or
Lakes have over outside water is the absence
of tides and all its inconveniences. The
entrances to the lakes are so small relatively
to the enclosed body of water that the rise
and fall is hardly noticeable and is much
more influenced by the direction of the wind
than the lunar tides.

There are four yacht clubs in Cape Breton
Island: The Royal Cape Breton Yacht
Club, Sydney ; Northern Yacht Club, North
Sydney ; Louisburg Yacht Club and_ the
Bras d’Or Yacht Club, Baddeck. These
clubs form the Cape Breton Yacht racing
Association which promotes and controls

inter-Club racing and arranges for the annual
cruise with the races held under the aus-
pices of each individual club.

The annual regatta at Baddeck is always
especially well attended, partly due to the
cruising possibilities in the immediate vicin-
ity and partly to the exceptionally fine rac-
ing courses,—a fifteen mile triangle on the
Little Bras d’Or Lake. This course which
is admittedly the best in Nova Scotia and
one of the best to be found in America is
becoming more popular every year.

“Q”, “R”, and “S” classes are always
well represented in these races and it is ex-
pected that a new one design class of sailing
dinghys will do much to increase the interest
in small boat sailing.

Anyone bringing a small boat to Cape
Breton can be sure of getting some very keen
racing and a hearty welcome from one and
all of the yacht clubs.

Whether one seeks “The sea, the sea, the
open sea”’ and the zest of an occasional dust-
ing from ““The ever free’’ or the opportunity
to loaf complacently on a houseboat well
sheltered amidst beautiful surroundings it
is hard to imagine a more ideal spot for an
outing than the quaint old Island of Cape
Breton.

Shooting.

It is only in the northerly sections of In-
verness and Victoria counties that caribou
may be hunted, the open season being from
September 15th to October 15th. A drive
of 20 to 28 miles from Baddeck to North
East Margaree will take the sportsman to
good hunting territory, and competent guides
will be found at Ingraham’s and at Big Inter-
vale. All through Cape Breton there is
good shooting in the early fall for partridge,
duck and geese, and in some sections there
are excellent covers for woodcock.

MY DESIRE
A. K. Mehl

I never loved the streets,
With walls up-looming,
Nor somberness that greets

Me in the glooming.

I love the arch of blue
Above me bending,

The green, the wide world through,
That’s never ending.

I want the wooded glade,
___ By hill or mountain,
The cool refreshing shade,
Down by the fountain.

I want to climb the hills,
To do my rhyming,

Up where my vision thrills
Me for my climbing.

I’ll take my way along
A path of flowers,
And listen to the song
Of birds for hours.

I want to roam until
I reach life’s closing,
And then upon some hill
To be reposing.

ae ite Me

A TENDERFOOT LOST IN THE WOODS
OF CLOUDS BAY, PORT ARTHUR

Sara Stafford

T was the month of October and the

hunting season had begun in the Cloud

Bay region near Port Arthur. In the
large wholesale grocery and hardware house
of Marks, Clavet & Dobie, where they have
retailed for the hunter and explorer for near-
ly forty years, stood the head shipping clerk,

red Sara. Alfred Sara had been born
in England. He was a musician with the
usual nervous temperament, an elocution-
ist of no mean order who could tell a good
story and sing a good song. He had many
invitations each year to join the different
hunting parties but had never availed him-
self of the pleasure until the autumn of 1913.
This hunting party was composed of pro-
fessional men from Detroit who owned a
lodge in the woods of Cloud Bay. For
many years Sara had had a desire to go with
these enchanted people who so joyously gave
their orders for supplies and came back re-
counting such wonderful adventures. At
last the time when he could go with them
arrived. A motor boat called the Millicent
C. was chartered to be ready at 12 o’clock
one Saturday night and the party met as
appointed. The boat held sleeping bunks
for all and also a small dining room or saloon.
The greater part of the night was spent
singing songs and telling thrilling stories of
past prowess in the woods, and it was late
Sunday morning when the party breakfast-
ed and prepared to go ashore, planning to
look over the land for the early morning
hunting. As they were leaving the boat
the cook called out:

*“A good dinner will be ready promptly
at 6 o'clock.”

The men divided into small groups of two
and three, some taking their guns with them,
thinking they might see some birds. The
woods was in all its autumn glory, the dark
green spruce made a fitting background for
the lady birch with her crowned head of
pale yellow leaves. The blueberry vine had
‘changed her dress to a bright crimson, carpet-
ing the woods with the richest of colors.
The. trees and shrubs were a riot of color
that made Sara think of the rich stained

lass windows in the English Cathedrals
in England and as he looked he was lost in
admiration at the beauty of nature. He
heard the voices of his comrades, then a
rifle shot, for the rabbits were running over
their feet, but Sara sat on a log listening to
the warble of the birds and musing on the
beauty of the earth around him. Suddenly
he thought of his comrades and called.
There was no answer. He shouted then
until he was hoarse. Still there was not a
sound. He began to walk briskly but found
himself only getting farther and _ farther
into the bush. Over fallen trees and bould-
ers of stone he travelled until quite wearied
he sat down. Looking at his watch he saw
that it was half past five ; and the shades
of night were now coming down upon him.

~

Matches and his beloved pipe, were in his
pocket. After a smoke he lay down at the
foot of an old fir tree, where he could hear
the birds quarreling in the branches, and
later a night bird calling a strange wierd
cry that sent terror to his heart. At inter-
vals through the night he wakened to hear
strange sounds, a cry or a bark, making
him think of the stories of wolves his com-
panions had told him the night before.
How long ago the night before seemed.
Was it last night, he asked himself, those
thrilling stories had been told? He had gone
through so much mentally that he fell asleep
with exhaustion, awakening in the early
dawn. The sky was red, denoting a warm
day. Seeing a small stream he washed his
face and hands, drying them upon his pocket
handkerchief. He then tried to collect his
scattered senses and walked over to a high
hill, thinking he could see the lake but to
his disappointment he could see nothing
but the open sky and stunted fir trees. The
nutty odor of the woods would another time
have filled his heart with delight but his
only thought now was deliverence. Walk-
ing on and on he began to feel hunger and
seeing some low bushes of the Saskatoon
berry he ate until he was satisfied, the berries
both calming his nerves and alleviating the pain
in his stomach. Still he heard no sound of
his comrades. All the long day he had walk-
ed until now, worn out in body and mind,
he lay down upon the ground. Night was
coming again and he began to feel cold and
had frequent spells of shivering. How long
it seemed since the night on the boat. He
thought of the stories of wolves he had
listened to and imagined he heard a bark-
ing sound. Then he fell asleep to awaken
the next morning with his limbs so stiff he
could not use them until the sun grew warm-
er. With the warm sun and his endeavors
to walk, his legs became normal but there
was a nameless fear in his heart for he was
growing weaker and weaker for want of food.
Suddenly, in the distance, he saw what ap-
peared like a group of small houses or shacks.
Stumbling on he came to an open clearing
that showed the haunts of man. Excited,
he crawled to the door of the first shack.
These had been put up by the Grand Trunk
Pacific Contractors and for months had
been deserted. Pushing open the door the
first thing he saw was an old sheet iron box
stove, a row of bunks nailed to the wall and
an old pine table, also a chopping block to
cut meant on. Having a few matches left
which he had boarded for his pipe, he gather-
ed some chips and pieces of wood left by
the workmen and soon had a roaring fire
warming his poor pain-racked body. Find-
ing a piece of wire on the floor he tied it
from the window to the wall nearest athe
stove. Stripping himself of his wet, mud-
stained garments, he threw his vest, coat
and pants over this impromptu line. They

141

142

were soon steaming from the heat of the
stove. Then taking his clasp knife he went
out to the wood and brought armfuls_ of
spruce boughs filling the bunk near the fire
with these odorous branches. After a smoke
he pulled off his boots and threw himself
down with a luxurious feeling he had never
felt in the most expensive hotel. Soon he
was sleeping the sleep of utter exhaustion.
He dreamed he was off in England ; at his
wife’s home, the table was set for dinner ;
he could smell the savory odor of the roast
goose. His wife’s sisters were placing cakes
and dainties on the table. Something, was
it intuition, or a voice of warning in his ears,
awakened him suddenly. Something weigh-
ed him down so that he could hardly breathe.
As his senses returned to him he saw that
the place was filled with an acrid s'ngeing
smell, the odor of burning cloth. He strug-
gled to rise and looked toward the stove
where he had hung his clothes. A heavy
black smoke and flame were rising to the
roof of the shack. Grasping his boots he
flew for his hfe and in a moment was out-
side the shack, which by this time, was a
raging seething furnace. He had been saved
as by a miracle. Standing there in the
early dawn with his boots in his hand, his
clothes all gone, his beloved pipe, and his
gold watch that had been given him when
he left England by business friends, he was
indeed in a pitiable plight.

It was growing late in the afternoon of
the third day ; he was feeling the cold bitter-
ly and he was a pitiable object. Entering
one of the other shacks, some distance away,
he saw a number of empty coffee sacks and
also some wire. These sacks he bound
around his legs, arms and body with the
wire. He was a strange sight to see, and
still cold, as the bags did not completely
take the place of his clothing, he spent
that night inside the shack without bunk
or fire.

The next morning, being the fourth day,
found him too weak to walk. He struggled
to get out in the open air but soon found it
keen and cold. Then seeing an empty barrel
he knocked the head in and putting it over
his head was pleased to find that it kept
the cold from his body. It came to him
that he was growing weaker and gloomy
thoughts filled his mind. Where and how,
he asked himself, would he be found? He
had never made his will and seeing a large
piece of birch bark he crawled forward to
secure it. Finding a piece of burnt stick
he wrote on the bark his last will and testa-
ment. He had now about abandoned all
hope of seeing his home again, so he fastened
the will with some long twinelike roots,
tying it across the front of the birch tree
in a place where it would be most likely to
be seen. He thought he was too weak to
make another effort, so lay upon the ground
near the tree. What were his friends doing?
They might find him after a time, he reason-
ed, but he would be dead.

What indeed were his friends doing? Sun-
day they returned to the boat with a fine
appetite for the good dinner promised by
the cook. They were all sure Sara would
turn up, but at midnight when he had not

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

returned they secured pine torches and
scoured the woods and the land around the
shore. Next morning they became anxious
and put in the day hunting and searching,
coming home with a moose and a number
of birds. They then decided to send the
Millicent C. back to Port Arthur for two
well-known bush rangers who would range
the woods until the missing man was found.
Not a word, however, was to be said to Sara’s
wife. The hunters were still searching when
on the fourth day the Millicent C. came
back with the bush rangers, and another
party of young hunters, among them a young
doctor from Detroit, who was visiting Port
Arthur friends. On the shore near the
temporary dock stood a small shack. The
doors and windows were all barred and upon
the door, was tacked a sheet of paper on
which was written: “‘H. Taylor. Have gone
to look at my traps; will be home Wed-
nesday.” The trapper was still away by the
look of fhe shack. The two hunting parties
went out in groups through the woods and
it was agreed to blow the boat’s whistle
when the missing man was found.

That morning Trapper Taylor was on his
way home. Having left his boat at a cer-
tain point where he could row himself home
he happened to think he would go through
by way of the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway
tracks and while passing the shacks a strange
object attracted his attention. Taking an-
other look he saw what appeared to be a barrel,
moving slowly through the clearing. First
he thought he would fire at it. Then he
was impelled to run forward, when he saw
at the head of the barrel what looked like
the shoulders and head of a human being, the
face emaciated and mouthing as_ though
trying to speak. Suddenly the thing col-
lapsed and fell at his feet. Pulling the
creature out of the barrel he saw the strangest
object his eyes had ever lighted on. At that
moment he heard voices nearby and shoot-
ing off his rifle, he shouted for help. It
was a group of the young hunters and in a
moment. they were around him holding the
flask to the lips of the unconscious man, tor
he had fainted. ‘“‘Go slow,” cried the young
doctor, “or you will kill him.’ Willing hands
picked him up, Trapper Taylor guiding the
way to his boat on the shore from whence he
was rowed to the motor boat. Here he was
laid in a bunk and fed lightly the doctor
forbidding him to talk or be talked to until
he had some hours of rest. Trapper Taylor
related how he was returning by way of
the G.T.P. tracks when he saw the strange
sight of a barrel walking along the clearing,
how it had collapsed at his feet and how,
just as he was trying to revive Sara, he had
heard the voices which had been followed
by the quick arrival of the young hunters.

One young hunter rowed all the way back
to get the birch bark will for a souvenir.
That evening the Millicent C. brought Sara
home to Port Arthur and this was the first
his wife heard of his. experience. It was
many days' before Sara was able to
go to his business. He is now a member of
a regimental band in France but it is thought
he will long remember his hunting trip in
the woods of Cloud Bay near Port Arthur.

/

©)

A SYMPOSIUM. ON MATTERS —
REGARDING CONSERVATION

|

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A GOOD FRIDAY VISIT TO JACK MINER’S

PRESERVE, NEAR KINGSVILLE, ONT.

BB. TF

E left Windsor at nine o'clock Good
Friday morning, April 21st, asking
the conductor to let us off at con-
cession three, near Kingsville. We had been
told before leaving Woodstock that we would
have a walk of about the length of two farms
along a nice dirt road, but the Miners had
ordained otherwise, for when our car stopped

us!”’

A cordial greeting and we were piling into
the buggy, trying to occupy as little space
as we could. The drive to the house was
short but interesting. We passed a fine
maple woods where sap buckets were a-swing
and the little house where Jack Miner’s
father still lives and where his mother died.
Thirty-eight years ago the Miners came to
this neighborhood from Ohio and what was
then a wilderness is now a fine two hundred
acre farm.

Mr. Miner’s cordial greeting was dupli-
cated by that of Mrs. Miner and their in-
teresting family ; and two minutes after
we had entered the house we felt as perfectly
at home as though we had known the Miners
for years. The big kitchen, living room
and dining room combined at the back of
the house has a broad window which looks
out on the wonderful pond where hundreds
of wild geese disport themselves every spring.
On .their way to their breeding grounds in
the far north every March myriads of these
“Canada geese,” as many as two thousand,
it is estimated, stop to pay a visit to Jack
Miner’s preserve. Him they regard as their
protector and their friend. No shooting is
allowed on the premises and, for the most
part, Mr. Miner’s friends and neighbors co-
operate with him to the extent of not using
firearms in the vicinity of the farm. Jack
Miner evidently knows that one way to the
geese’s hearts is through their stomachs for
he feeds them liberally during their sojourn
and surrounding the pond are hundreds of
corn cobs from which the corn has been
shelled by the hungry birds. One would
think the Ontario Government might assist
in this matter which has become quite an
expensive problem, as the preserve is a great
attraction and visitors come from far and

near to view the geese, as many as sIx or
seven hundred people having been at Jack
Miner’s place in one day. The roads in
Essex County are good and in the summer
time they are infested with motorists.

The first pond is just 25 yards distant from
the big window out of which one may look
and watch the antics of the geese, if this
word may be applied to such stately crea-
tures. Every once in a while a family of
geese, three, four, five, six or seven, will
come sailing in from the rear pond some little
distance from the house, and alight grace-
fully in the water, pushing their feet before
them and rippling the surface of the pond
as they drop down much in the fashion of an
aeroplane alighting on the ground after a
flight in the air.

“Papa, will you get me some wood for
dinner?”’ asks Mrs. Miner, and papa, who
fain would show the guests over the premises
without further delay, allows himself to
be corralled and good-naturedly goes off to
get the wood. He is back in a minute how-
er, and then we start on a tour of investiga-
tion. We are led first along a cement walk
the width of a plank, passing underneath
an arch twined with rose branches. One
imagines these must be very lovely in June,
the month of roses.

“My dear old mother, girls, brought rose
bushes with her to this very place, thirty-
eight years ago, and always she had roses to
give away. It’s no wonder I love roses, 1s
it? I only wish she could have lived to see
the ones I have planted.”

Little Jasper Miner, five years old, the
baby of the household accompanies us and
as we pass through the little barn-yard,
stepping as lightly as we can, for it is a very
moist day underfoot, we are introduced _to
the Miner’s horse—our ‘self starter,’ smiles
Mr. Miner—the week-old colt, and the cow
bossy and her calf. ‘“‘Him’s name is Wosy,”
explains little Jasper. :

We pass through a shed where the birds
that spend the year with the Miners are
sheltered in the winter and where a couple
of domestic fowls are setting, for Jack Miner
has some fine Wyandottes as well as wild
birds on his premises and later we helped
Miss Miner to gather thirty-five new laid

143

144

eggs. Out through the door of the shed
we went and were ushered into a rectangular
enclosure, a retreat for the wild ducks and

geese. Walking softly here we came upon
the mother of ‘Polly and Delilah.’”” Rod
and Gun readers have heard of these two
mallards and the old Black Mallard who is

their mother is now eleven years old and
makes her home with Jack Miner the year
round. She was sitting on her nest on the
ground when we saw her,§although wood-

THE GANDER FRANKLY DISAPPROVES OF US AS
WE SNAP THIS LITTLE INTERVIEW BETWEEN
“HIMSELF AND MR. MINER.

ducks occupied fine little tile houses built
specially for them by Mr. Miner. In the
midst of this retreat, which is enclosed by
brick walls and by thick hedge growth and
in which trees and shrubs have been plant-
ed, is a tiny pond and some ‘individual drink-
ing places’ built of cement and fed by fresh
spring water. Amidst the shrubbery we
could see the pretty little wood-ducks swim-
ming about on the pond perfectly at home
and happy in their environment. Climbing
up a bit of stone or tile we looked beyond
the wall that borders the north side of the
retreat to the fields and the second pond.
These fields were literally covered with the
wild geese while on the pond a number of
the geese were swimming about happily.
Out in the field one could hear the “Bob
White” of the quail and later we visited
them, one little quail coming up quite close
to us and indeed almost eating out of Mr.
Miner’s hand.

We were next shown a rectangular en-
closure of considerable size where the ground
Was grass covered, and surrounded by a high
hedge of the prickly osage orange. From
the ground up for some considerable distance
this hedge has been packed in with brush.

To keep the dogs and cats out,” explained
Mr. Miner, “but just the finest thing for
the rabbits and what a nesting place for
the birds this living brush pile will be a little
later. A Paradise indeed, this, for the birds
that come to the Miner’s home.

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

To the right of this enclosure is a baby
nursery where Mr. Miner has set out hun-
dreds of small maples, White and Norway
pines besides spruce trees. Nearer the road
is the ball ground, an extensive and well-
grassed piece of ground. The boys come
from Kingsville and neighboring towns to
play on this field. ‘‘We have certain rules
for the boys,” explained Mr. Miner. ‘‘Neither
cigarette smoking nor profanity is allowed.
Sometimes we have as many as a hundred,
and it is very rare indeed that I hear any-
thing objectionable.”

A little to the right of the kitchen door is
a big martin house on a pole. It is an elabor-
ate affair, an apartment house built of tile,
and designed by Jack Minor for the martins.

“Where did your father get the design for
that martin house?” asked a visitor recently
of oun headed Teddy who was acting as
guide.

“Oh, out of his block,’’ answered Ted.

“Think of bringing up children to speak
of you that way,” smiled Mr. Miner as he
cast a fond glance in the direction of the
irreverant Ted. A

Across from the pond was another martin
house, built of wood, the one that is familiar
to those who have seen the pictures of Jack
Miner’s pond that have appeared in various
magazines, including Rod and Gun. :

“Will the martins really build in the stylish
new one?’ we asked.

MADAM GOOSE HOWEVER PERMITS US TO
PICTURE HER NEST AND EGGS.

“Oh, yes, to be sure they will, after a
while,” was Mr. Miner’s answer._

“Dinner!” called some one from the kitchen
door and in we went. Such adinner! York-
shire pudding like you read about, veal as
tender as chicken, vegetables, home-made
bread and butter and “mother’s berry pie.”

After dinner we sat down beside the big
window and looked at the geese. The re-
creant sun made its way tardily through the

ta i.

She >

A GOOD FRIDAY VISIT 145

clouds and in a few minutes a little shining
path of gold was lying athwart the pond.
Meantime Jack Miner chatted away telling
us of his early hunting days up north when
he was accompanied by Mrs. Miner and the
children, contrasting the various ideals of
sportsmen and giving us interesting glimpses
into his homely philosophy. “Some day,”
he promised, “I may write you an article
on sportsmanship.”’

As he chatted away Mr. Miner showed us
some of the aluminum bands that have been
returned to him by sportsmen from Florida
to Hudson’s Bay when the wild fowl which
Mr. Miner has thus labelled have been shot.
“Box 48, Kingsville, write’? are the words
contained on the aluminum band attached
to the bird’s leg and some very interesting
correspondence has resulted in response to
the suggestion which the label conveys.

On the trees and fences in the vicinity
of the Miner’s house are little tile houses
for the conveniences of the birds who set
up house-keeping each spring on the Miner’s
preserve. Bluebirds and wrens chiefly occupy
these. Across the road from the house was
one which we climbed the barb wire fence to
see. There were five bluebirds’ eggs in it
and the illustration shows wee Jasper remov-
ing the detachable round tile roof and peeking
in at the eggs. ‘‘Wooking at the Boobird’s
nest,” is the way Jasper would describe it.

Perhaps the most interesting experience,
or one of the most interesting, was when
Mr. Miner accompanied us to the field just
west of the brickyard where all the tiles are
made, and we were shown the nest of a Can-
ada goose with the old gander keeping watch
beside his mate. What a fierce old guardian
of the peace he appeared and when we got
up close and Mr. Miner removed the goose
so that we might see the eggs, the gander’s
long neck fairly wriggled with wrath and his
eyes shot fire. However, he did us no dam-
age, just contented himself with saying what
he would do if During the twenty-
eight days of incubation the male acts as a
sentinel. Mr. Miner seldom sees him eat
during this period, so faithful is he. ‘Just
the most faithful old bird that ever was,”’
said Jack Miner softly as he pointed out
another nest some distance away in the bush-
es bordering the second pond to the rear of
the big brick drying shed. We went through
this long shed and Mr. Miner pointed out
dozens of swallows’ nests. ““You see how
they trust us,” he said. “At first the swal-
lows built in this end of the shed. Then
when the sparrows drove them away they
came farther down towards the other end
where we do most of our work. They have
kept on coming nearer to us each year and
getting farther away from where the sparrows
annoyed them, and now they build right above
where we are working. There is a lookout
in the roof of this shed at one place where one
may get a splendid view of the wild geese
in the distant fields.

Shortly after dinner visitors from Detroit
and the villages along the radial line began
to arrive. They came in quietly and sat
down on the planks that Jack Miner and his
son Manley brought out and placed on sup-
ports in front of a brick wall that acted as

a windbreak from the east wind ; and Jack
Miner talked to them of the geese and the
ducks and the birds, and philosophized in
his own quaint fashion while the visitors
asked questions or simply listened. Not a
movement of the birds escaped Mr. Miner
but in the middle of a sentence with his eyes
apparently off the pond altogether he would
softly say:

; “A pair of Mallard drakes has just dropped
in.
_ “I don’t remember seeing that duck be-
fore. O yes, I know her.”

“See! that’s the lame goose over there.
She has only one wing too; the other one
was shot away. I bound her up and she is
as good as new, only of course, she could
never fly again.” '

“That family on the bank, now. They’re
getting ready to fly away. See, they’re talk-

LOOKING IN THE BLUEBIRD’S NEST

ing about going.” Sure enough, shortly after
they would all rise into the air, and fly back
to the other pond.

“Ask Mr. Miner,” a visitor will say. ‘He
is the only one that understands the goose
language.”

“Oh, sometimes I feel as though the more
I saw of them the less I knew them,’’ said
Mr. Miner.

“Do you know?” he asked when the visitors
had gone, “‘the other day when the Essex
Fish and Game Protective Association was
holding its meeting here a man across on
that farm next to mine was shooting off
his gun purposely to frighten the geese.
He had been trying to kill a goose all spring
but without success. He thought he could
at least frighten the geese away perhaps and
spoil the exhibition for my guests. But
do you know, he didn’t, for the geese realize
who is their protector and instead of flying
away they just flew right up to the house
to where I was and to where the meeting was
in session. Wasn’t that good? They just
did their best to make the meeting a success-
ful one despite the envious human who
sought to spoil the interest of our gathering.”

It is a fact that the geese in their flights
sedulously avoid this man’s property, wheel-

146

ing to the right when coming within range
of the dividing line between the two farms.

Just before supper when we had gone in-
side for a few minutes we were called out
again to see the flight of geese away to the
south towards Lake Erie, where they spend
the night, returning to the Miner’s in the
morning.

“Call up Mr. Blank, Manley,” suggested
Jack Miner, and tell them the geese are
coming, and Manley hurried away to the
rural phone and passed the news along.

“They like to see the flight,” explained Mr.
Miner.

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

As he spoke we heard in the distance one,
two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight shots
in succession, though it was past the open
season for shooting wild geese.

“You would think the warden would put
a stop to that wouldn’t you,” one of us re-
marked, ‘‘but perhaps he thinks he cannot
be everywhere all the time.”

A visit to the pet raccoon, Flossie, supper,
and then a walk down the road to the car
line and we waved a final good-bye-to our
entertaining host.

REGULATIONS FOR THE PROTECTION
OF MIGRATORY BIRDS

At the request of Mr. H. W. Henshaw, Chief of the Biological Survey of the United States Department of Agri-
culture we are giving publicity to the following proposed new regulations under the Federal Migratory Bird Law. These
regulations are to be published for three months subject to comment, suggestions and hearings where thought desirable?
and at the expiration of three months the regulations, with any changes that may have been made resulting from sug-

gestions received, will be recommended for the President’s signature and then become effective.
for the earliest date of the open season which is August 16th for shore birds.

This will occur in time
A number of changes are made in the reg-

ulations now in force and the Biological Survey believes that many criticisms concerning the regulations have been met

without in any way interfering with the proper safeguarding of migratory birds.

As Rod and Gun reaches just the

people who are interested in this subject we have pleasure in publishing these regulations herewith. +

Pursuant to the provisions of the act of March 4,
1913, authorizing and directing the Department of
Agriculture to adopt suitable regulations prescribing
and fixing closed seasons for migratory birds (37 Stat.,
847), having due regard to zones of temperature, breed-
ing habits, and times and lines of migratory flight,
the Department of Agriculture has prepared and here-
by makes public, for examination and consideration
before final adoption, the following regulations:—

Regulation 1. Definitions. t

For the purposes of these regulations the following
shall be considered migratory game birds:— .

(a) Anatidae or waterfowl. including brant, wild
ducks, geese and swans. ; :

(b) Gruidae or cranes, including
sandhill, and whooping cranes. _

(c) Rallidae or rails, including coots,
and sora and other rails. : ; :

(d) Limicolas or shore birds, including avocets,
curlew, dowitchers, godwits, knots, oyster catchers,
phalaropes, plover, sandpipers, snipe, stilts, surf birds
turnstones, willet, woodcock, and yellowlegs.

(e) Columbidas or pigeons, including doves and
wild pigeons. LPS :

For the purpose of these regulations the following
shall be considered migratory insectivorous birds:—

(f) Bobolinks, catbirds, chickadees, cuckoos, flick-
ers, flycatchers, grosbeaks, humming birds, kinglets
martins, meadowlarks, nighthawks or bull bats, nut-
hatches. orioles, robins, shrikes, swallows, swifts,
tanagers, titmice, thrushes, vireos, warblers, warwings
whippoorwills, woodpeckers, and wrens, and all other
perching birds which feed entirely or chiefly on insects.

little brown,

gallinules,

Regulation 2. Closed Season at Night.
A daily closed season on all migratory game and
insectivorous birds shall extend from sunset to sunrise.

Closed Season on Insectivorous
Birds. : ; ;

A closed season on migratory insectivorous birds
shall continue throughout. each year, | except that
the closed season on reedbirds or ricebirds in New
Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, the Dis-
trict of Columbia, Virginia, North Carolina, an
South Carolina shall commence November 1 and
end August 31, next following, both dates inclusive:
Provided—That nothing in this or any other of these
regulations shall be construed to prevent the issue of
permits for collecting birds for scientific purposes in
accordance with the laws and regulations in force in
the respective States and Territories and the District
of Columbia.

Regulation 3.

/

Closed Seasons on Certain Game
Birds.

A closed season shall continue until September 1,
1918, on the following migratory game birds: Band-
tailed pigeons, little brown, sandhill, and whoopin
cranes, wood ducks, swans, curlew, willet, ae
shore birds except the black-breasted and golden
plover, Tilson or jacksnipe, woodcock, and the great-
er and lesser yellowlegs.

A closed season shall also continue until September
1, 1916, on rails in California and Vermont and on
woodcock in Illinois and Missouri.

Regulation 4.

_ Regulation 5. Zones.

The following zones for the protection of migratory
game and insectivorous birds are hereby established.

Zone No. 1.—The breeding zone comprising the
States of Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massa-
chusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York, New
Jersey, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Ken-
tucky. West Virginia, Michigan, Wisconsin, Minne-
sota, Iowa, North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska,
Kansas, Missouri, Colorado, Wyoming, Montana,
Idaho, Utah, Nevada, Oregon and Washington—3l
States. ,

Zone No. 2—The wintering zone comprising the
States of Delaware, Maryland, District of Columbia,
Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia,
Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Tennessee, Arkansas,
Louisiana, Texas. Oklahoma, New Mexico, Arizona,
and California—17 States,—and the District of Col-
umbia.

Regulation 6. Construction.

For the purposes of regulations 7 and 8 each period
of time therein prescribed as a closed season shall be
construed to include the first and last day thereof.

Regulation 7. Closed Seasons in Zone No. 1.

Waterfowl—The closed season on waterfowl, in-
cluding coots and gallinules, shall be between Decem- .
es 21 and September 6 next following, except as fol-
ows:—

Exceptions:—In Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont,
New York (except Long Island), Ohio, Michigan,
Indiana, Kentucky and West Virginia the closed sea-
son shall be between January 1 and September 15.

In Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, Long
Island, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Washington, Ore-
gon, Utah, and Nevada the closed season shall be
between January 16 and September 30 : and .

In Illinois, Iowa, Nebraska, Kansas. and Missouri
the closed season shall be between March 11 and
Septem ber 15 and between November 16 and Feb-
ruary 9.

REGULATIONS FOR THE

Rails —The closed season on sora and other rails,
excluding coots and gallinules, shall be between De-
eee 1 and August 31 next following, except as fol-
ows:

Exception:—In Vermont the closed season shall
continue until the open season in 1916.

Shore birds——The closed season on black-breasted
and golden plover and greater and lesser yellowlegs
hall be between December 1 and August 15 next
following, except as follows

Exception:—In Utah the closed season shall con-
tinue until the open season in 1916.

Jacksnipe.—The closed season on jacksnipe or Wil-
son snipe shall be between December 16 and Sep-
tember 15 next following.

Woodcock.—The closed season on woodcock shall
be between December 1 and September 30 next fol-
lowing, except as follows:

Exceptions:—In Illinois and Missouri the closed
season shall continue until the open season in 1916.

Regulation 8. Closed Seasons in Zone No. 2.

Waterfow!l.—The closed season on waterfowl, in-
cluding coots and gallinules, shall be between February
1 and October 14 next following, except as follows:

Exceptions:—In Alabama, Arkansas, District of
Columbia, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana,
Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Caro-
lina, Tennessee and Virginia the closed season shall
be between February 1 and October 31 next following.

PROTECTION OF BIRDS 147

Rails —The closed season on sora and other rails,
excluding coots and gallinules, shall be between De-
cember 1 and August 31 next following, except as
follows: |

Exceptions:—In Louisiana the closed season shall
be between February 1 and October 31 ; and

In California the closed season shall continue until
the open season in 1916.

Shorebirds—The closed season on black-breasted
and golden plover and greater and lesser yellowlegs,
shall be between December 1 and August 15, next fol-
lowing. |

Jacksnipe——The closed season on jacksnipe or Wil-
son snipe shall be between February 1 and October
31 next following.

Woodcock.—The closed season on woodcock shall
be between January 1 and October 31 next following.

Regulation 9. Hearings.

Persons recommending changes in the regulations
or desiring to submit evidence in person or by attorney
as to the necessity for such changes should make
application to the Secretary of Agriculture. Hear-,
ings will be arranged and due notice thereof given
by publication or otherwise as may be deemed ap-
propriate. Persons recommending changes should be
prepared to show the necessity for such action and
to submit evidence other than that based on reasons
of pefsonal convenience or a desire to kill game dur-
ing a longer open season.

HOW THE SANCTUARY PLAN
WILL WORK

E.R.

HE very simple plan for the making of

game sanctuaries in national forests is

proposed as a good-faith idea for secur-

ing something that the people most concerned

will desire, and enjoy. It will rob nobody

and coerce nobody, and if enacted into law
it will bring something good out of nothing.

Our Game Departments of both the Pro-
vincial and Federal Governments should be
selected as the chief creative instruments,
because these men know most about condi-
tions in the national forests; and in locating
sanctuaries their co-operation is invaluable.
Each sanctuary proposed and selected by the
Federal authorities should be submitted to the
Ministers of Game and Fisheries and Agri-
culture of the Province in which it 1s situated,
for their approval; and when they fail to ap-
prove, the preserve should not be made.

It must be borne in mind, however, that in
an elaborate undertaking such as this now
proposed for bringing back the game, the
working plan must be simple, and free from
circumlocution and red tape. The results
must be made attainable without waste of
effort or undue loss of time. A cumbersome
and circuitous method oftentimes is sufficient
to defeat any number of good intentions.

Naturally, the success of this pian is de-
pendent upon mutual confidence, between
the Prime Ministers and each Minister of the
various departments closely concerned as
well as these authorities identified with the
various protective bodies throughout the
country. The advantages in making this a
federal movement rather than a plan de-
pendent solely upon the various provinces
will surely be obvious. In provincial con-
servation of wild life it is a fixed condition
that some provinces, such as Ontario, will
do their duty, some will half do their duty,
and others will do practically nothing at all.

Kerr

In the matter of protecting the proposed
sanctuaries, few provinces would care to
assume any additional burdens in the form of
salaried game wardens, but there may pos-
sibly be a means of providing for this if the
sportsmen and citizens as a whole can agree
upon it.

Federal establishment and control, though,
means federal protection and the utilization
of existing forest wardens if any.

With such interested and energetic men as
for example, the Hon. F. G. Macdiarmid,
Ontario is likely to make exceedingly rapid
strides in the sanctuary plan of bringing back
wild life but it is essential, and these gentle-
men have a right to demand, that the sports-
men and citizens of this Province provide
them with their undivided support in the
culmination of this great step forward ip
general civilization.

The sportsmen of Ontario have, I know for a
fact, earned an excellent reputation as wild
life protectors and conservers of wild life for
the future benefit of the masses as a whole,
consequently, it is up to them to maintain
that high and honored position.

You will plainly see, therefore, why it is
necessary that every county in this Province
should organize a Game Protective Associa-
tion with the right kind of “‘live-wires” at
their head.

I hope every citizen in the Province will
take this matter seriously to heart and will
not only organize at once but contribute to
the pages of this, now, authoritative magazine.
In the meantime I am going to try and think
out some plan for protecting the sanctuary
from the menace of the predatory animal and
poaching gunner and will contribute,—‘‘Pro-
tection of the Game Sanctuary” to the August
number of Rod and Gun.

THE WAYS OF THE NORTHLAND

F.C. Armstrong

when he was but 19 years of age. F..-

vious to his leaving he followed the call-
ing of a trapper and woodsman in general;
but, as he had thought and read so much
about the wonderful catches of fur by the
trappers of the Great Northwest, he decided
that the eastern province was a bit too small
for him and his unbounded ambition; there-
fore he bade adieu to the small circle of triends
and relatives that had gathered at the depot
to see him off and wish him all kinds of luck
and prosperity, and started on the trip which
would take him half across the continent.

It was 10 o’clock at night when Bill’s train
pulled out of the Montreal depot, and it was
8 o’clock the next morning before he could
get a good look at the country he was passing
through. He found, after a considerable
amount of observation through the car
window, that the farther west he went beyond
Sudbury, the more the country appealed to
his trapping instincts, and he decided then and
there that if the country didn’t pinch out
before he reached the shores of Lake Superior,
he would leave the train and take to the woods
at some point on the shores of this great body
of water.

Two days later Bill was standing on the
shore of the Pictizone river, at the first pro-
tage, sixty miles north of Heron Bay; and the
nice things he was saying about the maker of
the canoe he had would not look well in print,
for Bill was used to a canvas canoe, and when
he had loaded his outfit into this wooden
affair and started up the river, he soon found
out that he had to use that canoe with the
greatest of care, or he would be left in the
wilderness some place on some day with no
canoe, and with but two things to do—either
to build a dug-out or take the long trail across
country for civilization and the railroad.

But there was one consolation. Bill was
pleased with his surroundings, for he had seen
great possibilities of a fur harvest whilst com-
ing up the river, and he felt it in his bones
that he would make a name for himself and
money for his pocket-book if all went well
with him that winter.

Now, if anyone had asked Bill where his
parents lived, he would have been unable to
tell them, for his father had sowed his wild
oats in the Great Northwest, and when Bill
was ten years of age his grandmother called
him to her side one day and told him that no
one in that province had ever seen his mother,
for he had been brought to her when but a
small child, brought by a friend of his father’s,
who was now, as near as she could find out,
in British Columbia, looking for gold.

He also found out, after he started going to
school, that it was not an uncommon thing
for his schoolmates to call him “‘Indian,’”’ and
after taking a good look in the mirror one day
he realized that they were quite justified in
calling him that. He learned all he could
and said nothing; but deep in his heart he was

Be left his home in the eastern province

fully determined to make money, even if he
were a half-breed; and now we find him sixty
miles north of Lake Superior, and in a country
rich in furs, and with a determination to win
sucess in the great silent places where the
Indians hold full sway and nature cares for her
own.

At this portage was a falls, and, flowing
from the east and into the basin of these falls,
was another good sized river, one on which a
canoe could be navigated without much
difficulty. The impression it made upon him
caused him to pitch tent on the portage,
contemplating taking a short cruise up its
waters before passing it by, for he wanted to
get away from the beaten path. If his ex-
plorations up that river on the morrow ap-
pealed to him, why, to its headwaters he
would go, and if no other trappers’ signs were
passed, he would lay claim to all it would
yield.

It was still early in the afternoon, but as he
was in no particular hurry, as the season was
not quite ripe for the fur harvest, he decided on
a camp at that point for a few days, deciding
to take a look around the country in general;
and after finding a suitable place where there
was plenty of good dry wood, he pitched his
tent and began making preparations for the
night. ‘

Supper was soon cooked and eaten, and
afterwards Bill lay stretched out upon the
balsam boughs within the tent. The flaps
of the tent were thrown back, and the reflec-
tion of the campfire shone in upon him. As
he lay there smoking his pipe and congratu-
lating himself upon having the luck to be in
such a wilderness, the deathlike stillness was.
broken only by theroar of the water
as it plunged over the fall and down
the narrow gorge of the river, and the
hooting of an owl high up on the ridges,
mingled with the occasional barking of
the fox as he raced across the sand plains on
the opposite river bank. All this carried a
sweeter sound than music to his ear, for is it
not such sounds and surroundings as these
that a trapper loves? It is just this that is
the magnet that draws them away from
civilization each fall. They love nature, and
to watch and hear its mysterious doings and
sounds they must seek the silent places. They
well know that there will be times when they
must live off the land and must utilize that
which nature has to offer them. Again there
are times when they stand face to face with
death, saved perhaps by some slight work of
nature. Still they have no fear, for they are
living a clean, free life, with a clear conscience,
and if they are called from the midst of the
wilderness to take the journey into the great
beyond, they can leave this earth with a
smile on their lips.

Some such thoughts as these passed through
Bill’s mind as he lay there smoking. But
listen! What was that sound that brought
him to his feet and sent the cold chills running

148

through his body, and caused his heart to
beat hard against his left ribs? It sounded
to him like a hymn being sung at a graveside,
as he listened to the notes rise and fall in a
dismal, solemn tune. What can it be, and
where does it come from? Sometimes it
sounds as if it came from up the river, while
again it sounds directly across. Picking up
his rifle he walked towards the shore where
his canoe lay and again he listened.

Sure enough, the sound was coming from
across the river, directly opposite to where he
was standing. Now what could it be? It
must be something human, for during all his
life spent on the trail he had never heard an
animal make sounds like these. It must be
someone in paii; so, putting his canoe in the
water, he paddled quietly across to the shore
from which the sounds had come. Landing
as quietly as possible, he picked up a few strips
of birch bark that were lying in the bottom of
the canoe, and with his rifle in hand he stood
still and listened for the sound again. He
had not iong to wait, for it started up again
directly ahead of him in a small clump of
bushes. As he stood there listening to that
weird sound, he felt creeping over him that
feeling of superstition inherited from his
Indian mother, and under which all his race
prove cowards. :

He certainly did feel like getting into his
canoe again and putting miles of water
between him and that place, but the blood of
the white race overcame the other, and he
started for the clump of trees lighting the strips
of birch bark with a match as he walked along.
As the bark flared up the sounds grew louder
and louder. His fighting blood arose with the
sound, till he felt ready to fight unto death,
if need be, and he pushed his way through the
trees, throwing all caution aside and anxious
to be in the fray.

Holding the flaming torch of. birch bark
high above his head, he walked into the clump
of balsams. He had not taken many steps
before he came upon that which gave utterance
to such uncanny sounds, for there, directly
in front of him, sat two squaws with a smoul-
dering fire between them. At the sight of him
and his flaming birch bark torch, they raised
and lowered their hands in rhythmic move-
ment and continued uttering their weird,
mournful hymn as if they were welcoming a
spirit that had been sent them from the
mysterious beyond.

Bill threw his torch on their smouldering
fire and stood looking at the strange, sad sight.
One of the squaws was a very old woman; her
bony hands were wrinkled with age and the

cords scarred and knotted, while her gray hair *

hung down upon her drooping shoulders, and
her bleared, deep-sunk eyes looked out of a
wrinkled, pinched-up face; from her appear-
ance he was fully convinced that she had seen
at least ninety odd winters in that virgin
forest of the northland.

Stepping around to the other side of the fire
he had a look at the other squaw, and found
that she was but a mere girl of about sixteen,
and if properly fed and clothed she would
equal the MicMac beauties of his own pro-
vince. Just now they both looked in a
starving condition, and with scarcely enough
clothing to cover them. As he did not under-

THE WAYS OF THE NORTHLAND

149

stand their language, he was quite undecided
as to what he should do. Knowing that they
were in trouble of some sort and needed help,
he was determined to try to get them out of
that particular spot by some means or other,
and approaching the old squaw he touched her
on the shoulder, which caused her to look up
at him. Then he made a sign for her to rise
and follow him.

She spoke a few words to the girl in a low,
quivering voice, and after several attempts
she rose to her feet. They followed him to
where the canoe lay pulled up on the shore.
Bill put the canoe in the water and motioned
to them to get in. After they were seated
in the bottom he pushed off and paddled
across to the landing at the portage and took
them to his tent. There they squatted
themselves on the ground at the door of the
tent near the fire.

He hung the tea pail over the fire, and
stripped the jacket off a rabbit, which he
afterwards cut up and put in the frying pan,
and in a few minutes they were helping them-
selves liberally to Bill’s grub supply. Noth-
ing was said until the meal was finished and
when he was washing up the dishes the young
girl spoke to him, saying: ‘““You speakum
some English maybe.” He dropped the
frying pan he was washing and looked at her
in astonishment.

““Yes, me speakum some English” he answer-
ed; ’and where did you learn talk some
English?”

“Me stay one winter at the mission down
there,’ pointing southward, “‘with me mother,
and me go that place where the woman she
talk English, *”? meaning the school.

“What you doing over there with the old
woman tonight?” asked Bill, pointing with the
stem of his pipe across the river.

“We eome long, long way down that river
in canoe,” continued the girl.

*“Maybe five sleeps from here river gets lots
stones and water runs fast. My grandmother
she too old, and not strong as she once was, and
canoe, him breakum in two and we floatum
ashore.

““We get very hungry, but we catchum some
rabbit with my moccasin string, and grand-
mother she makeum fire like she once did
when a girl. Then we walk down the shore
to where you found us. We go to no other
place as she sick with hurt feet, and me no
leave her till she die. Maybe then me go
some place.”

‘““How long you there before you see me?”
asked Bill.

““We there three sleeps and eatum our
rabbit, and sleep plenty, and now when sun he
goes down she wakes up and tell me she see
my father, who is dead maybe long time ago.
She says he coming pretty soon, and get
ready to see him, and I thought we going to
die, so we sing the good song to keep the evil
spirits away till he come, and when we see
your light we know him close, and I thought
me dying and you were taking us to the Happy
Hunting Ground.”

“Well, you have had hard luck; but what
were you doing so far up that river with the
old woman?” Bill went on.

‘““My mother she die with a cough when me
a little girl. My father me never see him.

150

stay with my grandmother and she takes me
with her every winter. Her man-he trap far
up that river, but last winter he die and we
stay there alone, and in summer we mak
canoe and start down with the fur, but we
lose everything, and now me wish to be dead
when grandmother she die.”

Bill said nothing more but gave them some
of his blankets, and while they slept by the
fire he laid his plans for the next day. Early
the next morning he was up and making
breakfast for himself and company, but the
girl was up and gone when he first came out
of the tent, and the old woman was sitting
by the wall of the tent nodding her head as if
in sleep.

Bill had breakfast about ready when the
girl again appeared and threw down three
rabbits that she had caught in her snares
across the river but paid no more attention to
her than if she had been a husky dog, for he
had had experience with a tribe somewhat
similar to that once before. When breakfast
was ready he motioned for the old woman and
spoke a word to the girl, and after he had
helped himself he sat down on the end of a
fallen tree and ate his meal in silence, raising
his eyes now and then to see if his guests were
getting their share.

Breakfast being over, he filled his pipe, and
the girl taking advantage of the idle moment
began to gather up the dirty dishes and to
wash them, while Bill sat back smoking in
silence. When she had the few dishes
cleaned he called her to him, and motioning
to her to sit down he said: “‘I was thinking
about going up that river maybe today, but
I don’t know what I’m going to do with you
and the old woman, unless you want to go
back up the river again with me. I suppose
I should take you in with me as a partner, since
it was your trapping country first, and you
can help me out as you know the country, and
likely you can trap some too; so, if you want
to come along, why tell the old woman, and
if she don’t want to go, why I suppose I'll have
to get you both out to the front some way.
Go along now and have a talk with her before
I slack off the tent lines.”

The girl went to the old woman and they
held a long conversation whilst Bill sat
listening to the strange language. He was
going to learn that language if ever he got
the chance, as he knew it would prove useful
to him in the future when roaming about in
the northern forests.

Presently the girl returned and told him
that the old woman would go with him back up
the river, for since she had left her man there
asleep in death she might as well return and
watch by his side until she would be called to
join him in the Happy Hunting Ground.
And she talked with the Great Spirit and was
told to be prepared when the happy hour came.

Everything was made ready and loaded
into the canoe, the girl taking her place in the
bow, as was the custom of her race, while the
old woman settled herself amidships on a few
blankets., Bill pushed off and they com-
menced their trip up the river where he was
to have his first try in the north west fur
‘country. He had a feeling that success was
his, even if he did have two unlooked for

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

partners who had joined him under rather
unfortunate circumstances.

The fifth day they spent working their way
up the long rapids that had caused the loss
of the old woman’s canoe, and although the
work was hard and trying in places the girl
proved herself equal to every emergency, and
Bill was surprised at the way she handled her
end of the canoe. He began to look upon her
in a different light, She seemed so strong and
capable, so well able to take care of herself in
these forests and upon waters which would tax
the ingenuity of many a man.

Two days’ travel above the rapids and she
was telling Bill that they were in the country
that she had trapped during the winter, and
as they paddled slowly up the deadwater that
was in the river she pointed out to him differ-
ent places where she had caught the mink, and
the streams where the beaver houses were;
also the mountains where the moose could be
found yarded up in the winter, and the right
direction from them to the caribou barrens,
where caribou skins could be obtained for the
making of snow shoes and moccassins. He
received all this information in silence, but in
his heart he appreciated it, for as a trapper
he knew its real value; and the time that

_ would be lost in looking for just such places

could now be used to better advantage on the
trapping trail.

That night*they arrived at the old camping
site of the last winter’s trapping. The next
day Bill and Minnie (as that was the name
she said her mother called her by) started to
build a camp, much against the old woman’s
wishes, for she had told them that all would
die if they cooked on anything but an open
fire; and therefore he had to assist them in
building a wigwam first, and his own camp
afterward.

He found Minnie an invaluable help to him
that winter. She made the snowshoes and
skinned the fur, cut the wood and caught the
rabbits, while the old woman made the’
moccasins and the medicine, the latter being
made to cure all or any ills that might arise
by the white man cooking on a stove, under
cover, and against her wishes.

One bright, warm day in March Bill was
having his lunch along the trapping trail. As
he sat smoking his pipe, it dawned upon him
that he was in love with Minnie, and he
couldn’t see just then how he could trap in
that country without her. Then again, he
thought that if he married her he would just
have to cast his lot and become a native and
do as the other Indians did, and live for her
and give up the white race. This was easy
enough to do in that country; but what if he
should want to go east sometime? Could
he leave her behind or would she insist on
coming along with him? Then if children
should come—he had often read about other
white men who had married squaws and had
been content to live in the depths of the
wilderness for their children’s sake. He
would do likewise, and play the game fair
and square, as any man should.

But of course he must ask Minnie’s opinion
on the matter before arriving at any definite
conclusion.

That night when he got into camp, and
supper was over, he told her his thoughts of

\

the day, and asked her if she would be willing
to meet him half way in such a transaction.
There was no stammering of the tongue, no
flushing of the cheeks; but she looked him
straight in the eyes, and the lids that covered
those dark brown, innocent-looking eyes of
hers never fluttered as she said, ““‘Maybe, but
see grandmother first.’ ‘

Along about midnight he was awakened by
the barking of the dogs. Getting into his
clothes, he opened the camp door, and was
surprised to see in the moonlight a dog team
coming down the river. He stood watching
and wondering who it could be, and what
could be the reason for this travelling at night
time, for the weather was still cold and the
travelling was as good by day as by night.
The leader of the team upon reaching his
trail across the river, turned up towards the
camp, and when the sleigh stopped at the
camp door the Indian driver approached Bill
and spoke a few words to him in the Indian
language which he was now able to under-
stand quite well, having been taught by
Minnie during the winter months.

By talking to the driver he learned that
the other two passengers were the Factor of
the Amik Post and the school teacher from
the mission at that place. The Factor was a
very sick man and was trying to get to the
railroad and into a hospital, while the teacher
was acting as a nurse to him on the trip of
two hundred miles overland.

Bill took them into his camp and made
them as comfortable as he could, first putting
the sick Factor into his bunk. He _ then
commenced making tea and lunch for the wo-
man and driver, and while he was preparing
the lunch the school teacher asked him many
a question, for although she was but a half-
breed she had splendid command of the
English language, and nothing pleased him
better than to have a good talk in English
with her.

She told him that she had been teaching at
the Amick mission for five years. The sick
Factor was a distant relative of hers and the
only relative she had in the wide world, and
if he should die she would be left alone, and
with nothing in view but teaching young
Indians at the mission. She made such an
impression upon Bill that he forgot all about
Minnie, and when the Indian driver came
into the camp after putting up the dogs and
told the Factor that his dogs would not be
able to go farther as their feet were cut with
the crust and ice encountered: on the long,
fast trip from the post, the teacher, upon hear-
ing this bad news, gave Bill such a pitiful
look that he could do nothing else but offer
Minnie’s dogs to complete the trip, and when
he went to the wigwam and called her and
told her what he had done, she was pleased to
render every assistance to the unfortunate
travellers.

The next morning, after he had given them
breakfast, the Indian driver complained about
his swollen ankles, caused by heavy breaking
of the trail on snowshoes, and the teacher,
anxious to see more of the young trapper,
asked his assistance in such a way that made
Bill feel he would be willing to die for her if
necessary, so he consented to drive them the
rest of the journey and let the Indian rest up

THE WAYS OF THE NORTHLAND

151

at camp until he returned. Before he left
that morning for the railroad Minnie called
him to one side, and whispered to him that she
would have good news for him when he
returned, and patting him on the arm she
told him that her mother would ask the Good
Spirit to make the snow hard and the ice
smooth until he got back.

During the lunch time the first day out the
teacher asked Bill many questions about
Minnie and her grandmother, and was much
impressed with his story about them. She
openly confessea tvat if the worst should
come, and the Factor should die, she would
be blessed with such a kina benefactor as he
haa proven himself to be, while Bill secretly
wished that he might get the opportunity.
The Factor, although he could not speak,
took Bill’s hand and maae the sign of the
cross, for he haa heard the strange story that
Bill had relatea to the school teacner.

_The rest of the day the trail was between
nign, rocky mountains, and some places were
so rougn that the sleign the Factor and the
teacher were riaing on was overturned several
times, and they werebothbadly snakenup. At
lunch that night the Factor complained in a
voice scarcely above a whisper that the trip
was slow, and he was afraid he could not make
the railroad in time.

When Bill stopped to fix a broken strap on
the trail that night he discovered that the
Factor was dead, and the teacher sitting
asleep by his side. He quietly unhitched the
dogs ana tied them to the trees and made a
fire. After tramping the snow down around
the fire he laid some balsam boughs and woke
the teacher and told her the sad news. It did
not affect her as much as he expected. She
told him that although she felt he could not
live long, still she did not think he would pass
away so soon, and that the rough trail of the
day had no doubt hastened his death by
causing a hemorrhage of the lungs.

Bill made her some tea with the melted
snow water, and fixed her up as comfortably
as he could for the long wait till daylight.
As she lay dozing by the fire he rolled the
Factor in some blankets and lashed him
securely behind the seat on the sleigh.

They reached the railroad at noon that day,
and after Bill had left the teacher and the
corpse at the chief’s house he made arrange-
ments with the agent to secure the priest for
burial services. Two days later, the funeral
being over, he left for tne return trip to his
camp, feeling happy, for Lucile, the school
teacher, had promised to marry him when he
came back with his furs in June.

Bill had already sought the hand of Minnie,
but still his peace of mind was not disturbed,
for he felt that something would happen to
extricate him from that affair. He felt he
would be best suited by Lucile, for she had
education and could meet his eastern relatives
on a better standing; while the other, although
not so strong on the English, was a good
trapper and partner in general. “‘But then,
what’s a feller going to do?” he said aloud a
dozen times on his return trip. “I love them
both, and what one has the other one hasn’t,
and I can’t marry them both. J guess I
would have been better off if I hadn’t seen
either.

152

Spring had come at last. Tne ice was gone
out of the rivers, and Minnie had ten bear
hides added to her other bunch of furs. He
was pleased with her good luck, for even if
she did havé more fur than he, she wasa
woman, and a woman should be considered
first. He had not asked her anything more
about the grandmother’s consent, for he
thought she might forget it and it would leave
him free for Lucile. Minnie noticed this, and
if she suspected anything she concealed her
thoughts by saying nothing; but Bill caught
her twice mentioning the nice thingsPeter, the
Factor’s dog driver, did for her while he was
away, and even the old woman mentioned
Peter’s good points in Bill’s hearing.

Now this made Bill jealous, and he said to
himself one day: “If I am going to let a
strange Indian come into my camp and take
my partner away, why, I must be wrong.
cannot let this happen, for I cannot do without
her, so I'll drop-the other one that’s now at the
railroad, and tonight I’ll ask her what the old
woman said about the match. Of course I
know it will be alright, for I have done the
square thing with them both; but now since
the Indian has been here, why it might have
changed things a little, so I'll just ask her
tonight, and not wait any longer.”

Bill found out that when he approached
Minnie on the matter she would laugh it off,
and give him no satisfaction, while every
chance the old woman got she would be
telling him about her going to the Amick post
for the summer, and that Minnie was going
also. This made Bill feel all the more anxious
to get her answer and have it settled. The
time was getting short, as they had only two
more weeks to hunt the bear in, and he would
then have to return to the railroad. As yet
he was not sure whether they were coming
south with him or going to the post, as the old
woman had already mentioned.

All this began to work on Bill’s mind, and
he was not the same man that he was two
months before. He confessed one day that
this love business was worse than a dose of
typhoid fever, and he knew what that was.
The old woman noticed that something was
wrong with him and she kept dosing him with
spring medicine, which took no effect, and
then she had a dream.

One night as he lay in his bunk, staring up
at the log roof, completely mesmerized with
love, the old woman came in and told him that
she wanted to smoke and talk with him.
Bill thought as he came out of his bunk that
he knew just what was coming, and as she
-slowly filled her pipe with his tobacco, she
said.

**T have come to you tonight to tell you the
words of the Good Spirit. He told me many
moons ago, and you should know this before it
is to late, for I am getting old and soon must
go. I am the only one that can speak the
words of the Good Spirit, so I will tell you and

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

it will be like good medicine to you, and make
you well and strong again. You love my
daughter and want to make her your squaw.
You love the Factor’s girl too, for I saw it in
both your eyes the day you went south. Me
an old woman, but me see many queer things.
You have been good to me and my daughter,
and we both love you for it. I ask the Good
Spirit many times to be good to you, and help
you, and help you catchum plenty fur, but
you can never marry my daughter, for her
mother was the mother of you, and your
father Was once a bookkeeper at the Amick
post. Look at this,’’ she said, taking him by
the arm and shoving up his shirt sleeve; “‘do
you see that scar which is in the shape of a
cross? A husky dog snapped that piece out
when you were a baby, and I saw that when
you work that day in the long rapid with your
shirt sleeves rolled up, but I said nothing,
for your voice and words are the same as his,
and a smart man he was, for he could fight
like a fisher in a trap, and strong like the bear
in summer.

‘‘He marry my daughter, but she die with
a cough after Minnie was born, and your
father took you away to some school, he told
me, and I never thought I would see you
again, as your father never come back. So
now, my boy, you see the truth of the words
of the Good Spirit. Be good to your sister
and the sun will always shine bright upon
you,’ and she left the camp and went to her
own teepee. :

Two weeks later found them all at Heron
Bay. A big wedding was in sight, for Minnie
was going to be Peter’s squaw the same day
that Bill took Lucile as a partner, and every-
body was happy. The priest was to arrive
from the west that afternoon, and the wedding
and dance were to take place in the evening.
When the time arrived for the wedding the
priest called them into his room to give them
further instructions, and while they were there
an old Indian from Pays Plat came shufflin
into the room. When he saw Bill he “ileod
the good priest the meaning of it all, and was
told by the father that a wedding of the two
couples was about to take place.

The old Indian drew his hand across his
withered brow and said: ‘Father, it is not
right, and cannot be. That girl and that man
may be alright’, pointing to Peter and
Minnie. ‘but this man and this girl no good,
for she him sister, and this their father’s
likeness.”

He brought out an old, soiled tintype
photograph from out the bosom of his shirt.
“He married my grand-daughter, and this,”
touching Lucile, on the arm, “is her baby.”

Bill took the picture, and he at once recog-
aized it as similar to the one his grandmother
had at home. Then taking Lucile by the
hand he said: “I am glad sister to meet you,
but sorry that our father has sowed his wild
oats so far and scattered it along the trail.”

OUR SEVENTH ANNUAL HUNTING
TRIP IN THE CANADIAN
ROCKIES

Bert Pierson

created for a purpose; they were meant

for anyone who has the time and is sport
enough to enjoy its pleasures, and there is no
reason why anyone who has an automobile
cannot have his share of its many pleasures,
in the most remote part of the mountains if
he only tries. Two or three machines and a
party of sportsmen and their accoutrements
make these trips possible. Can you imagine
anything that will bring about a _ better
realization of a good hunting trip than a mo-
tor, which annihilates distance at a minimum
of cost? Every year we travel from one
hundred to a hundred and fifty miles in order
to reach our chosen hunting grounds. These
grounds, in a great many cases, are from fifty
to seventy miles from a railway. Common
sense enters into motoring the same as into
other businesses or pleasures of life, it is a safe
assumption that when you come to a fallen
tree across the road you will have to remove
the obstacle or you will be hung up. By pay-
ing strict attention to these things and driving
carefully you go through with little or no
trouble. From the seat of the car our party
surveyed the Livingstone River in a way that
no other mode of transportation affords.
Entering the gap between Coffin Mountain
and Sheep Peak, winding around beautiful
hills and high cliffs, skirted by the rugged
foaming river, this road brought the party
close to one of the best sheep ranges in Al-
berta. When we got safely through the gap,
we had to round a mountain, high up on the
side of which one overlooked a_ beautiful
valley called Bannock Park. The rock forma-
tion and the fascinating straight up and down
walls, of which there were many, formed the
most beautiful landseape a white man ever
saw.

After skirting this mountain for about three
miles we came to a water-fall known as Trout
Falls, where the water comes tumbling down
off the rocks about a hundred feet in height.
From where we sat in the car, we could sit and
watch the white foam and listen to the roar
of the water with pleasure for a long time.
From here we travelled through a slide of red
shale rock and a small boulder field to a can-
yon called Broken Horn Pass, where we
camped for the first night. We had plenty of
fine fishing and a nice location at this camp,
where we had a hearty trout supper and an old
fashioned sleep. In the morning we rolled out
about five, and to our surprise there was about
two inches of snow on the ground. We had
about eight miles to go up the river to where
we intended establishing our headquarters
camp. We got through Broken Horn Canyon
with little or no trouble, although in one place
we had to remove some big rocks from a

Hy creates t fishing and shooting were

153

crossing on the river. This of course the boys
enjoyed (I don’t think). From here on we had
some very heavy timber to go through, and
had to use the axe in places, but had good men
on the handles so made it through O.K. Our,
headquarters was in a beautiful little valley
nestled among the high peaks and at the head-
waters of one of the prettiest little creeks just
full of small falls and very rapidly running.
About three hundred yards from camp, and ~
high up on a ridge above us, was a crystal lake
covering about two acres of land. The lake
has no visible outlet of any kind and is kept
alive by the melting snow. It is also full of
speckled trout, ranging from half a pound to
four or five pounds in weight. How they come
to be there is morethan I know. At the end of
the first day in camp, we were ready to start
hunting. We had no horses to look after, and
as the cars will not freeze up, our time was all
our own.

My reason for going up the Livingstone
River.so far this trip was to try and land a
certain big ram, of which we had heard a great
deal. Camped about four miles below us on
the river, was a small band of Stoney Indians,
among whom were two old bucks, viz: Peter
Barepaw and Yellow Brow. ‘These two old
fellows are good hunters and for two different
seasons they have had a go at the old ram,
but without success. It is no wonder these
old sheep are hard to get, as they have nothing
to do but lie around on the high rocks and
ledges, surveying the country in all directions.
Their color is almost exactly the same as the
grey rock upon which they take refuge when
put to flight. They know the different passes
and trails, in their locality, better than any of
their kind; their range is larger and they can
go from place to place with less energy ‘than
any other animal, unless perhaps a goat.

I may as well introduce our party now, they
were:—Mr. L. H. Gier, a fellow who has hunt-
ed with me for many seasons; Mr. H. H.
Payne, Mr. Roland Vickery, a young English
chappie who had never hunted big game be-
fore, but made a good job of it on this trip;
Mr. Vance who had hunted in the East, a
great deal but found it quite different here,
Mr. Hovice and myself.

After fixing up our camp in good shape, and
scouting around a little we got a light flurry
of new snow, about enough to make tracking

ood. We made a start, leaving camp about
our o’clock in the morning, for the moun-
tain upon which the ram had been seen two or
three days before. We crossed plenty of fresh
deer tracks, but passed them all up. When
we neared the place we wanted to reach,
Vickery and myself went together and Hovice
and Gier together. We had planned to make
a circle of the side of the mountain upon which

154

the sheep were supposed to be. We were to
stay separated until we reached a little pass
at the far end of the mountain, where we were
to meet if we had no luck. In about an hour
we came together. No one had seen a sheep
so far. Vic and I saw three fine goat, but too
far off to be sure of. While we were planning
what to do next, I saw something moving
high up on the side of the shale strewn moun-
tain. By the aid of my glasses we could make
out four head of sheep standing at the foot
of a rock wall. They had not seen us and the
wind was in our favor. The rest of the bunch
were back against the rock out of sight.
We made our plans in a hurry and started.
I left Gier and Hovice at the pass, while Vic
and myself went on. We went down and
around to where we could keep out of sight,
while climbing to where we wanted to get.
When this much was accomplished, the other
two boys were to start up toward the bunch
by a given signal from me. _I gave the signal
and they started. I left Vic behind a little
bunch of scrub pines and went up to the trail
leading through the slide. I cached myself
behind a rock out of sight and lay down.
Where I lay the sheep had made little beds in
the shale, which they used when not grazing
and on the watch. I was in a good place I
thought and would get one, if not the big one,
if they came my way. When the boys below
got to within about three hundred yards of
them they started towards us, but took good
care to stay in against the wall out of sight.
I lay and watched them coming until they got
within one hundred yards of me, by this time I
had palpitation of the heart and as they came
nearer, I could see a blur on the gun barrel re-
sembling heat waves. I lay with my gun
barrel in a crack in the rock and the rock
seemed to be moving also. Vic stood watch-
ing them from his hiding place, hoping to get
a shot in a few seconds. They came on to-
wards me until they were within sixty yards
of where I lay, then all at once the old fellow
quit the bunch, and started down the slope
in bounds. He bounced like a rubber ball over
rocks and fallen timber. I knew if I got him I
would have to do it now, so I cut loose. He
reared in the air and for the next few seconds
nothing but a moving picture machine could
describe the scene. By this time Vic had
thrown his gun away and was going down the
hill at a greater rate of speed than the old ram
was making. He stopped long enough once to
look back, and saw the old fellow fall.

I went down the mountain and Vic came
up to where the ram had fallen, Vic’s knees
were shaking and he was very much excited.
After I got him calmed down a little, and he
had recovered his gun, he said ‘“‘Well we made
a good job of that didn’t we? The rest of the
bunch, which was composed of five ewes and
a two year old ram, ran down to within a
hundred yards of Gier and Hovice. Gier got
the ram with a well placed bullet in the mid-
dle of his neck; Hovice shot five times but they
all went wild. After dressing the big one, we
dragged him down to where the other one was
and helped dress the little one. Then came
the hard part of the morning’s work. The
snow was heavy enough to make the dragging
good as long as we were going down hill, but
it was hard work on the level; and it took all of

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

us to lift them over fallen logs and steep places.
By three in the afternoon, we had both sheep
incamp. When we put the calipers on the big
fellow’s horns, they measured eight and a
quarter inches. The tips were both broken
off the end of the horns, and a large chunk
broken out of the bottom of the left hand horn.
We think he was one of the best rams that has
been killed in this country for a long time.
Having got the ram we wanted, and one to go
with him, we made our stay in this camp a lot
shorter than we had planned. Within the next
five days we added a good sized buck, and a
three year old goat to our bag. During the few
days that followed we put in the time fishing
in the little lake above the camp. One evening
while Vic and myself were fishing, there came
down to the edge of the water a little brown
bear. Vic spotted him first and called my at-
tention to it. We watched it for a few minutes
and we could see that it was using only three
legs. I said:

“Vie this is your chance to get ahead of the
boys in camp’’, so he went to the tent and got
his gun. Vance seeing him. asked what he was
going to do that time of day with a rifle.

“Oh just going to get a bear before supper’,
and on he went. When he came back the
little fellow was still in range. Vie raised his
sights up to six hundred yards and was going
to shoot.

“How far do you think that thing is away’?
I asked.

“T think about six hundred yards,” was the
reply. I then told him to let his sights down
to one hundred yards and he would get him,
so he did and let him have it. The bear rolled
into the lake, and started to come across to
our side. ‘‘Here take the gun,” said Vic and
stop him.”

“No this is not my quarrel.’’ With this I
picked up my string of fish and started for
camp. Vic fired two more shots at him, and
started for camp himself, but I told him to take
good aim and bring him down and the next
shot did it. He lay dead about thirty yards
from shore. We could not find a pole long
enough to reach him and there was not enough
wind to blow him in, so we had to get wet.
Vic took off his trousers and started in. When
about ten feet from shore the bear made a last
struggle, which sent Vic back through the
water swifter than a steam launch. I had to
go in myself after all and haul him out. The
little fellow had been previously caught in a
trap and had cut his foot off below the knee.
The boys in camp were a little doubtful about
Vic getting him, but he got him all the same.
That night it snowed again and was still
snowing when we rolled out, but cleared up
about ten o’clock. We all decided to go out
this day and make a haul, as the new snow
made hunting good. We split up the party
and started out, Vance and I were together,
and we made for the head of the creek, called
Cat Creek. After a long hard climb of about
a mile, we stopped to get our wind, and while
doing so Vic came along. While we were
standing talking, Vance saw something move
in a little patch of timber about a hundred
yards below us. As we were in open country,
we just had to stand still until they came in
sight. Finally one came out to the edge of the
timber and Vance shot it. When he_did_this

OUR SEVENTH ANNUAL HUNTING TRIP

the other three came bouncing out, one being
a big buck, and the other two does. I shot
the buck in the thigh and knocked him down,
but he got up and started runnin Vic stop-
ped him with a bullet in the neck , which for
aman who had never hunted before, was some

155

record. Vickery had to buy a new hat when
we got back to town, the old one being too
small for him. When we called the roll that
night we had four more good trophies to add
to our list, and if we are still among the living
next fall we will surely go after a new bag.

IN CLOSED SEASON

Gordon Dana

T was closed season on most everything,

but as we wanted a brief rest we had

decided to leave the city, and spend a
few days wandering through the bush, ane
firearms. Previous to this, our outdoor
days were usually spent in shooting, and
it seemed to us rather ridiculous to be about
to enter the woods hands empty.

We were standing on the bank of a swiftly
flowing river, the mercury shivered at “way
below zero, and we fully realized the “‘wea-
therman’s’”’ statement a few days before, of
“cold wave expected.” Floating down this
river were numbers of very cold looking
miniature ice-bergs, excellent targets for
the twenty-two enthusiast, but reminders
of the tact that it wouldn’t be healthy to
fall in. About two hundred yards down
stream we could see a small bunch of Whis-
tlers. which recalled to our minds the duck
shoot of the past season, and we stood for
some moments lazily thinking of our ex-
periences ; but to lazily think on a cold day
is not at all practical, for one’s ears get un-
commonly chilly and to keep walking seems
best. We did so after donning our snow-
shoes, and wandered through the bush,
occasionally to start a hare from its cozy
nest, beneath some cedar bush, or to scare
a grouse out of a “year’s growth.’ Once
we came across a dead rabbit hanging in
the crotch of a tree, and sitting on top of
it was a red squirrel which had been gnaw-
ing the flesh. We tried to make a picture
of it, but the bush being so thick it was im-
possible. After some very pleasant hours
spent in wandering aimlessly about up hill
and down, we came out on the lake. Here
we indulged in a number of ludicrous snow-
shoe races, but as there was a strong north-
wind, we hurried to the wind shield of two

a
\f ne i)

ALU

ice-cutters and wished them a “good day.’
We found them to be fine fellows, and pu
joined them at lunch and their tent situated
just in the shelter of the woods. Here they
had a stove and a number of cooking uten-
sils, and soon we had a fine dinner of fried
eggs, bacon, bread and jam, and tea. The
ice cutters talked both at once, and it fairly
made our heads hum, but we gathered much
of the conversation from the duet. It seem-
ed that they were usually trappers in the
winter, but on account of the low price of
fur, were cutting ice instead, at five cents
a block. In the late winter and spring they
are in the lumber camps. and in summer
and fall, guiding.

Dinner over, we shook hands all around,
and the ice cutters departed to the ice and
we bush wanderers to the bush. Here we
spent the afternoon in studying the many
different tracks in the fresh fallen snow,
and were astonished at the number of differ-
ent animals and birds represented. ‘There
were tracks o1 rabbits, squirrels, mice, weas-
els, and partridges. We even saw a mink
track, and one very old fox track. My com-
panion discovered a track which puzzled us.
It was very clumsy looking and large. We
later learned it to be that of a porcupine.

We of course saw few small birds, nothing
but Woodpeckers, Chickadees, and one Whis-
ky Jack, and an Evening Grosbeak. Once,
while going through a bit of hardwoods, we
started up an owl, but could not distin guish
its colour.

That evening while talking over the day’s
outing, we found ourselves astonished that
we had enjoyed our tramp without the use
of a gun, and I am sure my conscience was
not guilty as it had often been many times
before, after a day spent in the woods.

C4

THE LURE OF THE DRY Hiee

Robert Page Lincoln

carnival time of the vear for the man

who wishes to fish with the dry fly.
It is then that the insects are forsaking
the water, bursting their cases and rising
into the air, falling to water mostly and
drifting away, to be eagerly devoured by
the now-alert trout. Very few flies hold
dominion upon the stream before the streams
have settled in the spring, and the bulk
of the murky, discolored flowage has passed
away, and the water is again clear. During
this early period the trout will hug the bot-
tom of the brook or stream, refusing to come
to the surface. Very few flies (flies that
trout feed upon) are noted during April,
save perhaps some ot the flat-winged order
which are not really trout flies after all ;
the trout will not come to the surface. Even
the food that comes down to the surface is
rarely risen for. The trout, in common
with other brook fish wait till the waters
are more warm, and the hatch is a total
success from all points of view. In May the
insects arrive gradually in full force and
toward the end of wonderful May they are
found on the streams in profusion. Then
will be noted the so-called Sallies ; and the
March Brown, an exceptionally good fly
at this season of the year, and of course in
this month. A dry fly angler, fishing in
the month of May with a number of correct
and artistic March Browns in his possession
is certainly not getting all that he should
out of the pastime.

In this month the long-legged crane-flies
make their appearance. There should be
two varieties of these, the large crane fly
having six legs and the smaller fly having
five legs. The smaller fly has two feelers
on the head, equally as long as its legs. Also
in the month of May the ants take wing, and
are sometimes (though rarely as far as I
have seen) found in and around streams
where the trout feed upon them. The red

M ‘ca and June are rightly termed the
i

156

ant in fly form has proven a very good killer. °
From the tifteenth of May till the first day
of June this fly comes in very handy if it is
tied after the natural and does not look like
a gyrating buzzard. The Cowdung Fly
makes its appearance in this month. In
recalling the Cowdung fly I am caused to
smile remembering the remarks made about
this same Cowdung fly by my collaborator-
in-fly-tying, Doctor Harry Gore of New
Brunswick. I had occasion to send Com-
rade Gore the Louis Rhead papers on the
“Entomology of American Trout Streams,”
same papers having appeared in the well-
known New York publication, Field and
Stream. Now Mr. Rhead spent a great
deal of time apparently on the streams and
gathered together all the flies that came
within his reach, trout food or not; and
in his illustrations showed flies that were
tied like each fly that he captured. This
caused Doctor Gore’s hair to rise. He re-
marked to me thus:

“Just received Louis Rhead’s book and
have spent some time looking it over. You
don’t mean to tell me that trout feed upon
all the flies represented. in that set of papers.
Why man alive they take about one in eve
tive flies that have here been represented.
Now just let me state that a fly that is acci-
dentally blown into a stream or lake is not
a water fly and a fish is not looking for it,
and just here it takes the place of a freak
artificial fly and fish sometime take it. Now
if anyone wants to find out what trout really
and truly feed upon, open their stomachs.
I have opened up hundreds of them. Rhead
says: fish Blow-flies and Cowdung flies
on windy days. Ronalds said that same
identical thing in 1839. I have fished all
my life and I never yet saw a Blow-fly or
a Cowdung fly on the water or found one
in a trout’s stomach. I will further lay
you a wager that nobody else ever did and
will swear to it. It is all nonsense; to sup-

i ie

=.

Sah

FISHING NOTES

pose that trout are looking for flies that
are the output of the garbage piles of cities,
and of manure heaps. It’s the old legend
you know—old as the Pyramid of Cheops:
“Fish Blowflies and Cowdung flies on windy
days!” Now you just try them on windy
days, go out in a gale, test it in a hurricane
and be sure to take the live flies out to the
river with you in boxes. Did you ever hear
a more silly statement than this? It is
proper to imitate all the flies that are acci-
dently blown onto a stream surface because
they are the favorite food of the trout!”
Returning to the place where I left off.
I do not find the May fly or Green

_ Drake, as it is sometimes called listed among

our American dry flies, and yet during the
month of May the artif‘cial imitation is one
of the best that one can use. The English-
tied flies are jokes. Dewar’s “The Book
of the Dry-Fly,”’ I note, contains his recom-
mendation of the English dry flies the “‘Dark
May-Fly” and the “Light May Fly” and
the late patterns of Frederick Halford are
listed as the Green May-Fly and the Brown
May-Fly. Halford in his volume, “The
Dry Fly Man’s Handbook,” says:

“The hatch of May flies has, in recent
years, appreciably diminished in a _ large
number of the chalk streams, and in many
this diminution has progressed by leaps
and bounds, until at length some of the old
hands have not thought it worth while even
to include May flies in their outfit, or to carry
them during what used to be termed the
carnival of the dry tly tisherman. From

_my own experience between 1903 and 1911,

the new patterns o: the May fly have re-

' mained untried in their boxes.”’

There is not the least doubt in the world
but that the May fly is one ot the best trout
flies that the angler can imitate with his
artificial production ; and yet some of the
artificial productions that tackle men put out
for us to use are inconceivable. They look
no more like the real fly than an ax in a
chopping biock looks like a bird flying across
a field. And yet, mind you, these flies
(these dry ‘lies), are supposed to be the
closest imitation to the real live fly that
it is possible to make. Now we would be
more lenient if they were wet flies because
wet flies are an unassuming series of animals
anyhow, and it has never been claimed
for them that they were ‘‘exact imitations,”
as the mis-used term goes. Friend Gore
up on the shores of the Bay of Fundy sends

“me some colored pictures of some “exact

imitation” English dry flies. He truthfully
remarks of these: ‘‘This is so dead that it
will take on putrefaction before you get it.
It’s awful dead. Put a tack through it and
show it to your friends as the most exquisite
illustration of still life extant. It’s so still I
can hear it snore.’ And these, mid you,
are the height we have arrived at in fly pro-
duction. These are the flies foisted upon
fishermen. Nor is the feeling experienced
on this side ot the great water only. Even
across the water in bonny England comes
this murmur:

“Look now at this handsome sbowcard
of these noted tackle people. One hundred

and fifty-two different patterns of May flies,

157

all things of beauty. excellently tied, all
killers, no two alike, yet all ostensibly dress-
ed in umitation of the live insects before us,
and which, as a matter of fact, they resemble
as much as does the Mosque of Omar, the
Hill of Howth! Were it not as good as drink
to talk of accuracy of imitation and delicate
shades of differentiating colour in these
circumstances? ‘The only case of true imita-
tion, which, indeed, practically amounts to
identity, known to our art is that shown in
the case of these waxen insects seen in our
tackle-shop windows, which no one seems
to use and certainly no one talks about and
which would seem, on the’'r merits, to reduce
the whole art of exact imitation to an absurd-
Mtayyere

In line with the above it may be said that '
it is yet in the future when we can say we
are angling with “exact imitation’’ flies.
Nothing yet has arrived close enough to war-
rent serious attention. A few try-outs, it
is true, are being and have been made, but
as my friend states “the ground has but
been scratched over.”

I have mentioned the May fly or the
Green Drake as it is usually called and as
“all roads lead to Rome, so all trout-angling
talk leads to the May fly. One trout angler
scarcely knows another, perhaps has not
even begun to know him, before he discovers
his attitude towards the May fly.” In re-
gard to the May-fly Louis Rhead has said
(and I print these various excerpts for the
reason that a combination of all men’s know-
ledge is the best way of arriving at and
clearing up any debated topic)—‘‘The May
fly, or Green Drake is the largest (excepting
the large stone-fly) and most beautiful aquatic
insect that trouc feed upon, and its long,
fat body proves a very alluring bait. In-
deed, it is so good that even poor imitations
are greedily taken during the entire period
that the natural insects move over the water.
I have counted forty specimens of both sexes
in one locality floating and flying over the
water. The female floats gracefully along
the surface for a considerable distance, at
intervals rising and dropping till devoured.
In its flight it is of a decidedly yellow tint
and lives three or four days as here pictured.
Then the female changes to what is known
as the Gray Drake, casting away its garb
of delicate yellow-green and appearing in
one of soft gray. The wings become more
transparent and sparkling and the fly more
active in this, its final existence. The male
is smaller than the female and not nearly so
beautiful, or so fat and changes to what is
known as the Black Drake. The underpart
of both male and female is pale yellow. The
Green Drake while the most luscious and
tempting of trout food during the month of
May, is not, by any means, the most abund-
ant of the insects found in the localities
described. A good imitation is an unfailing
lure for the large-sized Brown and Rainbow
trout. The Green Drake, alternated with
the March Brown, both tied on a No. 8 hook,
is a fly unequalled for use in May, indeed,
even through the month of June.”

Other insects especially noted this month
are the Duns, one of the prime foods of the
trout ; and flies tied after them in imitation

158

or near-to-imitation prove winners where
others are scorned. The Duns it must be
added are in reality imperfect insects. The
Duns are but a stage in the development
of this fly. The final and last stage of de-
velopment is the Spinner stage. When they

become spinners they are the true, fully
formed insect of Imago.

Let it be understood that what I have
mentioned above is but trifling compared
with what should be said. In the north
the cold hangs on tenaciously some time
after it has left the more southern climes ;
spring in the north is somewhat benind the

date of its arrival in the more temperate

zones. Yet when this warm weather does
come it brings with it a veritable host of
insects. The object of my entering into

this discourse upon the dry fly with a refer-
ence to the subject of entomology is with
a view to helping certain anglers who feel
they would like to get more acquainted with
the subject. I have brought up the subject,
so that Canadian anglers may become in-
terested in the topic, thus taking it up to a
fuller extent. And here is expressed the
great hope that there will arise some man
in Canada who will spend some time along
the streams in spring, summer and autumn,
apprehending and classifying native insects
that are really the natural food of the trout.
But it should be remembered that as yet
there are no artificial flies that are tied in
direct imitation of these natural creatures.
That day has not yet arrived. Fancy pat-
terns of flies, tied regardless of form and
coloration ; regardless also of whether they
look anything like an insect that is the food
of the trout or not—this is what we have
to fish with. Before going any further I
wish to say that every angler should avail
himself of a smattering of knowledge con-
cerning the flies and insects that hover over,
and drop into fishable waters. Matching
flies with them, wet or dry, will bring suc-
cess that will give satisfactory impetus to
extending an angler’s knowledge further.
One does not need to be an entomological
wizard to gain this smattering of practical
knowledge of the principal insects that are
actually the food of the trout. One does
not need to learn Latin and Greek, nor does
he have to delve in the higher mathamatics
and the science of the fourth dimension
to make some very satisfactory accomplish-
ments. Find an insect, if you are sure that
trout feed on it, and have tested the pro-
portion, then try and tie a fly like it. The
closer your imitation to the natural insect
the better, of course.

Entomology itself is a blistering, brain-
tickling proposition, and already too much
on this subject has been in print (written alto-
gether in a scientific style that is most hard
for the amateur to understand). I agree
with the writer who said

“Entomology in no way concerns the
angler directly, any more than metallurgy
does the soldier who aims at being a good
shot, or the raising of cattle him who works
in leather nor, indeed, does the_ angler
owe it anything, for the science, with the
arrogant pride of its kind has never con-
descended to afford him the slightest assistance,

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

apparently ignoring even his very existence’
We scan its terminology in vain even for a
name for our flies. Its differentiations are
totally remote from our craft. Its con-
temptuous aloofness has even affected those
few anglers who profess an acquaintance
with its mysteries and the simplicity of the
sportsman in their case has been well nigh
lost in the affection of the pedant. Shape,
size, and colour of bis insects, and in their
order, alone concerns the angler and ento-
mological nomenclature in no instance con-
notes any one of these features; so that
all our names are necessarily trivial and
haphazard, and we are at full liberty to in-
vent and apply them at our own sweet will.”

What I am to say in the following chap-
ter as well as in the present chapter, con-
cerns itself with the various kinds of insects,
how they are formed, the life they lead, etce.,
and I shall strive as much as possible to state
things as clearly as I can, so that practicall
anyone can understand it without being baf-
fled by large terms and a muddle of scientific
junk that makes it a problem for the angler
instead of a pleasure to read.

Thus let me begin: There are two kinds
of flies upon which trout are known to feed,
namely: the upwing, or nerve-winged flies,
the majority of which come to life in water.
In this family are found all those better
known of the trout flies, the May flies, the
Duns and the Spinners. These flies, as
I have above said carry their wings erect.
They are members of the family Ephem-
eridae. Now ephemeral means short-lived ;
and it is not a fact that members of this
family are short-lived, for there are some of
them that aspire from beginning to end to
the age of three years ; a majority of them,
two years. Let me make note of the fact
that it is the family Ephemeridae with which
the trouter should become familiar. They
form the principal food of the trout. Says
John Harrington Keene:

“Tt is with the delicate nerve-winged dress
and.speciment that the fly-fisher has chiefly
to do, and indeed his imitatiens are ten of
these ‘upright winged flies to one of the flat-
winged order. This proportion is, of course,
unreasonable but it has some foundation
in fact.”

Remember then that members of the fam-
ily Ephemeridae carry their wings erect,
or upright. There are some upright wing-
ed flies, namely: butterflies and dragonflies.
But never get a notion in your head that
these are trout flies. They are not. Trout
rarely feed on these. Only should they
chance to fall to the surface will they be tak-
en, and then perhaps without enthusiasm!

Second comes the flat-winged flies ; no
need of the jaw breaking terms. Use your
eyes. Flat winged flies do not carry their
wings upright. They lie flat to the back,
or roofed slanting over the back. Never
are they carried erect. You know our com-
mon flies, cowdung flies, house flies, etc.,
and bees, and wasps are flat-winged. You
know how they carry their wings, flat.

I shall first explain here something in
regard to the life of the erect winged fly,
explaining carefully the various stages through
which it passes. First of all there is the

FISHING NOTES

t

egg stage. The female fly either drops the
eggs in flight, or dips to the surface of the
water to wash these eggs away from her
or else she makes her way down to the bot-
tom of the stream and in a likely place by
some stones, or by some pebbles she deposits
her eggs. Half of the time, if she goes to
the bottom to deposit her eggs she drowns ;
otherwise, if so fortunate she breaks through
the water to the surface and spreading wings
lives her life with due ceremony. ‘The egg
in the stream if undisturbed finally becomes
what is known as the nymph ; the larval form
otherwise. This nymph is a “tiny Jizard-
like creature, varying according to the species
from a light, yellowish-brown to a dark olive-
green.” Naturally this nymph is very small.
Now it does not here concern us much about
the nymph, whether he is a boring nymph,
_ or a swimming nymph, or a crawling nymph.
Sufficient to say that it leads a life in and
around the ‘stones, pebbles and banks for
a space of time reaching up to twenty months.
Rarely does the nymph go over that mark
before he changes, undergoing metamorphosis.
When this stage is reached “it starts and
winds a thin sheet of its own weaving around
- its aching body, curls itself up and goes to
sleep. But, though asleep, it is not idle
and after a few weeks it wakes up suddenly
one day all in a splutter and no wonder in-
deed for it is actually being drowned, and
ifit does not look mightly sharp will be out
of the mess in an instant.” And says an-
other writer, immortal J. Harrington Keene,
exquisite wielder of words, “the gracious
influence of spring has ripened the embryo
powers! Its legs and wax-like body have
assumed strength and muscular develop-
ment ; its wings folded in exquisitely com-
pact space across the thorax, are ready for
expansion, and one fine morning when the
warm ray has laid its beneficient light upon
the quaint creature a few minutes, the ex-
tremest development is reached. The larvae,
instinct with the approaching change, so
typical of man’s emergence into the aeons
of immortality, rises buoyantly to the sur-
face of the water; the old skin or slough
splits open, and with a rapidity perfectly
marvelous the gauzy wings are unfurled
and the fly, poising itself for one instant in
the ineffable life-giving sunshine, finds its
power of floating in the air, and thence sails
upward to its aerial nuptials, leaving the
slough to pass on to decomposition and
destroyal.”’

This is the final stage, as a rule. The
result of the change from nymph to the full-
fledged insect is called the Imago.

However, not all these nerve-winged in-
sects pass on from the nymph stage to the
Imago. In some there is a stage between
which is known as the Sub-imago.

As Frederick Halford has said, “the sub-
imago-is not a perfect insect, its entire struc-
ture being enveloped in a thin skin and cov-
ered with a multitude of tiny hairs. Its
movements are slow and its powers of flight
very limited. It takes shelter until it is
ready for the next change to the imago or
the perfect insect.”

The second veily skin is next split open
and the perfect insect rises into the air.

159

There is a dominating gracefulness in
this creature that the sub-imago did not
possess ; a glossiness of the wings and a
uniform delicacy that is of more than pass-
ing notice. Here, it must be added, the
change from sub-imago to imago may be
all the way from an hour to a day in com-
ing to pass. And “practically the difference
between the duns and spinners, so-called,
is occasioned by this intermediate change.
The fly-fisher should bear in mind that the
upright-winged flies are born of the water
and evince no fear of drowning. If you ob-
serve one floating down the water you will
find he seems to enjoy it—entirely unlike
the house-fly, who has by some errant in-
attention fallen in your milk jug, and is
slowly drowning with many kicks and piti+
ful struggles.”

Undoubtedly when the term ephemeral
was applied to this insect it had to co
with the space from the time it rises in the
air to the time it has fulfilled it mission
of procreation. For while a great number
barely rise above the surface of the water
before they are seized upon by birds, while
on the face of the water, riding for a min-
ute or so, the wily trout gets them. Other-
wise, escaping this the female produces her
eggs and may live two days, when she weak-
ens and goes under.

The days of procreation being on, the
males (which are considerably smaller than
the females) rise into the air in great crowds,
and sometimes, if one is lucky enough to be
near on such days, they are seen to fill the
height. Up and down through the air in
what has been termed a dance these males
disport themselves ever on the lookout for
the females rising over the water. When
a female is marked a number of the males
lower and struggle for possession over her ;
finally one copulates with her and the two
drop earthward, or waterward. Before they
touch water her eggs are impregnated, and
the male leaves her making his way upward
again to search a new mate to repeat the
same act. Meantime the female lowers to
the surface of the water and touching the
water here and there brushes off the eggs as
they exude. Finally, in a helplessly weak-
ened state she drops to the surface and with
wings spread wide, floats away, and like
as not a trout in wait rises and sucks it down,
adding it to his meal. The males have a
trifle longer life than the females, this for
the reason that they are seemingly set to
serve all the opposite sex so the production
is kept at its standard. When all the fe-
males are served they dull and death occurs
in some form or another directly—if not
before. In the course of their existence,
especially in the course of reproducing they
are strangely not bothered as much as one
would believe. I can here repeat the words
of Mona, a well-known English fishing scribe.
He says:

“The May-fly lays one thousand eggs or
more. Neither trout nor bird will meddle
with this spinner May-fly. Note this avid
redbreast and these two finches on their
perch of outlook. Not a rising May-fly
can escape them save rarely, and that but
by a short head ; but though they have long

160
‘ waits occasionally while hundreds of May-
flies are dancing above the low bushes in
their sight, not one of these latter will they
touch. Swallows which spare nothing flash
past—woe to the dun which emerges within
their snap ; but through the clouds of May-
flies they sweep and heed them not. These
are taboo. Otherwise you perceive the May-
tly race would be extinct within an hour for
‘these love-mad dancers would not cease
a moment all day from their dalliance,

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

though all creation were to go by the board.
They are always there, always in sight, al-
ways helpless, and always safe. Nature
cares for these things!’ ~

In closing I will make. these remarks:
Of the water bred flies only the Ephemeridae
are erect winged. Another distinguishin
element is the fact that these erect-win od
flies have two to three whisks or tails. Other
orders, the caddis, or case-flies have no tails
—but have feelers at their head.

THE CALL OF THE NIGHT LINE |

Robert Page Lincoln

for the black bass was quite an_un-

heard-of thing but in modern days.
or in the advanced modern days this sort
of fishing has come into prominence with
the result that more and more fishermen
are actively taking a part in rounding the
bass in by this unique method. Even men
famous in the piscatorial ranks are more
and more eschewing day fishing for the
more pleasurable and profitable method of
dark-fishing. In a recent letter my friend
Robert H. Davis an able bass enthusiast
known to all fishermen and brother to all
magazine writers says:

‘As regards the thing that catches the
bass it is hard to say what is best. Some
days they are looking for something that
is all a-glitter ; the next day they are look-
ing for something dull red. On the morrow
when nobody is looking they will come up
and grab. a lily-pad out of your hand just
as though they cared for it. I do most of
my bass fishing at night—the darker the
better! It makes no difference what color
the’ bait is. The big ones take the plugs
better than ever after dark. I have caught
three four and five-pound fish at sight on
the lakes where I could never take them
over two and a half and three in the day-
time. I think the big boobs have got an
idea that they are protecting the smaller
ones under the cover of darkness and for
that reason they are braver; or else _per-
haps like the human family the sports are
out after sunset!”

The apparent oddity of this is at first
very puzzling. People are generally of the
belief that when the dark shuts down on
the world all- the finny brethern betake
themselves to sleep and rest. Now it is
true that a majority of the fish do this—
and perhaps it is for this reason that the
belief exists. But what may be true of
other fish is not emtirely applicable to the
bass family. And there comes in the oddity
of it for the bass generally begin to feed the
best after six o’clock in the evening, and
their feeding process keeps up till eleven
and twelve o’clock—midnight. If the appe-
tite of the black bass be as voracious during
these hours of darkness nothing has been
said out of place. It is a fact. Nor should

Tort was a time when night fishing

people believe that bass cannot see or smell.
Especially is their sense of sight profound.
Live bait represented by frogs are equally
as good after dark though glowing baits
are by far the most alluring, and moving
through the water undoubtedly prove irre-
sistible to the fancy of the “ish. It has
often been remarked that bass have’ no-
tions taking well in a certain locality one
day and the next day no matter what the
lure refusing to be taken. Many ridiculous
things have been claimed as the reason for
this and yet so far as I know there has been
nothing stated as to the real reason. Bass
and other of the preying fish it should be
remembered feed upon minnows. and it
should be a well-known fact that these
same minnow schools are eternally moving
around from one place to another. The
preying fish follow in their wake. Thus
you may strike the bass in one place one
day—the next they may not be there. Why?
Simply because the minnow schools have
shifted and the fish have followed them.
Were one to locate where these schools are
holding themselves one would also find the
fish. As a second consideration let us view
the assertion that a bait may be reeled right
by a bass and be utterly disregarded by the
fish. This is singularly true. The reason
has been laid down that it is entirely an
uncomprehended notion on the part of the
fish in question. Yet it is nothing of the
sort. The reason is that bass are particular-
ly gluttoncus to such an excess that they
have to remain idle for a day or two to
digest what they have eaten. No matter
what you cast to them live bait or artificial
they cannot find room for more. Undoubted-
ly they are in an overcoming stupor. That
is why no doubt they lie so perfectly motion--
less—even to the length of allowing you
to reel a line a minnow over their backs
without their showing the least fear or dis-
comfort. Many argue that they have taken
bass whose stomachs have been full of food.
This is but another evidence of the gluttony
characteristic of the bass. Unable to resist
the temptation they have sought to crowd
more down upon what they already have
consumed. Thus I have taken a fish, and
upon looking into its throat have found
therein. a small bullhead half way

FISHING NOTES

down partly digested. And yet that same
bass had tried to swallow a medium-sized
frog on top of what it already had.

If bass take bait a d are more lively at
night there is ample reason for it. During
the daylight hours they may have lain idle
- waiting for a past extensive meal to digest.
Evening should find that meal at least partly
digested when, the bass again become very
active with the result that they hunt again
with great avidity. Whatever the reason
may be, sooner or later you will have an
example of it placed before you, when, fish-
ing a little later than usual, in the receding
dusk you will catch a bass that will cause the
hair to rise on your head. Thereafter you
will more and more begin to fish at dusk,
discovering, unobtrusively, that bass strike
best in the dusk, and especially on moon-
light nights. Now if you give this a close
study you will find there are improved
appliances to use for night fishing that will
aid you three-fold in making appreciable
conquests. The great virtue in night fish-
ing is that one may fish after his hours of
work, where, hitherto he has felt that he has
been out of the fishing deal entirely, since
day fishing has always been held up as the
only time to lay a line. Broadly speaking,
artificial minnows are the leading lures for
use in this sort of fishing. Of the glowing
baits there are two varieties. The first, as
represented by the glowing Coaxer, Jami-
son’s artificial, is so made that it can be cast
in the thickest of the pads without fear of
it catching in them. For this reason the
moonlight Coaxer is especially desirable to
the night-fisherman and my recommendation
unconditionally goes out to it. But one
would hardly forget to mention the excellent
South Bend Bait Company, Woodpecker
bait which is treated to a phosphorescent
preparation and which glows in the dark.
When trolled, or rather, reeled, in the water,
this bait, by virtue of a raised collar at the
neck makes a boiling disturbance in the
water which is an attracting influence to
the bass well in keeping with its foremost
attraction—the quality of glowing, or shin-
ing in the water. Used at the outer edge
of the pads a bait such as this is quite be-
yond compare. Thus we have one bait for
the densest of the pads, as represented by
the Coaxer, and one for the water along the
edges of the pads as represented by the Wood-

ecker bait. Supplied with a brace of these

aits there is no reason why one should not
have success at night fishing.

But the bass being sharp-edged, ‘any bait
that is of pure white coloration is good but

by no means as good as the glowing baits,.-

For that reason I especially suggest the use
of the latter.

The proposition of a reel for night fishing
is another consideration that must be look-
ed into. Casting with an ordinary, “‘un-
safeguarded reel one is more than ever liable
to get mixed up in backlashes and many
of them. The dark is a detriment to cast-
ing, it must be admitted. But a reel, on
the ordinary must have some appliance
upon it to do away with the backlash. Here
is where the South Bend anti-backlash reel
is one of the leaders. One may cast with a

161

reel such as this without the least fear of a
tangle, or an over-running of the line. It
is, In my way of thinking, an ideal night
fishing reel, while I have proven for myself,
after four years of use.

The witcheries and fascination of night
fishing are many and varied. We will take
a particular night as an example. The
supper over we prospected into the con-"
tents of the tackle box, seeing to it that
the desired baits are in their respective
places. The lines are tested and the front
part of them, last used, are broken off so
that if a large speciman is captured there
will be no chance of his breaking the line.
The night is calm, and the sky being clear
there is every hope of the moon coming out
nicely. The trip to the lake is soon accom-
plished and we get into the boat, one at the
oars and the other casting. There is some-
thing about night upon the face of the waters
that exerts a strange influence upon one—
a mysterious thrill—that remains in the
remembrance as one of the better sensations.
Night sounds are not numerous. In the
sky the night hawk veers his arc, and now
and then there is a suspicious splash in the
waters, especially near to the shores, telling
of some active fish, even in the dark bursting
through the surface after some insect, ma-
rooned in the watery prison. The dip, dip of
the oars is the most palpable of the sounds,
and the plash of the water as the boat cleaves
through the dusk adds a fine accompaniment.

Finally the pads are reached. The boat
has made little or no sound in its progress
to its destination. By the light of the lan-
tern the valiant glowing bait is pressed onto
the Cooper snap and the cast is ready to be
made. The bait, already having been held
to the light of the lantern to absorb a glow,
shows up in the blue-black waters as a strange
phantom. How one’s heart will pound in
anticipation of the catch to be made! Per-
haps it will be a large lunker, the finest fel-
low you have ever taken. Whatever your
thoughts you cast for a smooth indentation
in the pads, close to its very edge ; no suc-
cess. The bait turns the water nicely, mak-
ing a boiling sound as of some creature try-
ing to get away. Ghostlike, too, it parades
the watery realm, easily to be seen by any
fish in the neighborhood. Imagine a fish
seeing something like this. How he must
be aroused to wonder and curiosity ; and
how he will sometimes arise and smash that
lure hard—with undying vim, as is befitting
a fish of his calibre. Anything that glows
or shines in the water is the source of a great
attraction to the fish. Thus, in the winter,
when we cut a hole in the ice, placing our
lantern at the edge of the hole, the fish crowd
in from far and near to see what it is.

We have no luck the first two casts and
the boat moves inward to about twenty-
five feet of the pads. Further away there
is another mysterious looking pocket. Thence
the light surface bait sails, and drops with a
soft “‘plunk’’ to the brim!

Just dimly can you mark the place. And
hardly have you started in to reel the line
when something swoops down upon it and
you can feel by the firm grip that you are justi-
fied in setting the hook. What a commotion

162

then. Outward plies the boat, under the
directorship of your boat-skilled partner.
For if that bass ever gets into the pads there
is no hope of ever extracting him therefrom.

What a plunging rise he makes as he breaks
surface. Your heart is now pounding. But
presence of mind offsets the possibility of
your getting rattled. So you keep the reg-
ulation taut line and your highly adored
South Bend reel does its duty to perfection.
He swoops now in a circle as the hook shows
no sign of leaving his jaw; then again he

breaks water with a churning splash that
causes your heart to drop. And you feel

a moment later that he is gone for the line
hangs lifeless. You reel on line as though
But no. He is not gone. He
has darted under the boat. Thereafter there
is some skillful work done and finally, worn
out, the big fellow is netted at the boatside
while your partner holds out the lantern so
that the performance may successfully be
accomplished.

“Five pounds if an ounce” gloats your
partner, as in the lantern light you view
your capture. “Five pounds if an ounce.
Whoever said that night fishing is not the
best system of all!’

And presently you are back at your post
again, hand gripped well on the solid cork
of your pet No. 33 Bristol. As a gentle
and soothing refrain you hear the big one
flapping now and then unless you sever its
spine immediately upo> capture?

Now that$you have made one such cap-
ture a warmth of cheer bubbles up ia your

pt yssessed.

THE WINNING ONES

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

heart ; you feel that the world is yours with-
out diplomacy or compromise ; it is an act

irrefutable. Such are the exultations of
man successtul in the chase. But wait:
Partner who loves to row the boat tor

you equally as well as catch tish has con-
veyed you -with remarkable precision into
your pet bass grounds. “Good boy” you.
murmur over and over in your mind—and
“good boy again.” Right there at the edge
of the pad-world the moon now come out
from among the clouds, sends down a soft
beam which brightens up the waters. To
the very spot with the accurate overhead
cast you ingeniously drop your lure. Have
you not always marvelled why that place
is so prolific of catches? It seems you never
go there without getting at least one or two
healthy large mouths as a reward of your pa-
tient expectations. Your line has hardly
begun to traverse its course when something
runs out from under the pads and pounces
on the bait. Pounces is the correct word.
Nothing could be more expressive. How
he fights. Black bass to the last inch of
him ; a true-blooded and born fighter worthy
of all the emulations periodically showered
upon his prowess by Man. Three times
he breaks but as before the convenient net
dips under him and you relax with the joy-
ful feel of conquest running the gamut in
your mind. He is safe and sound—added
as he is to the recent catch of one. But
he is not the only one to be taken toll of
in that most likely of places. Not by a great
deal. There are others there. For it is
always a rule in bass fishing that where you
catch one bass there you will almost always
be liable to catch another—that other one
being the mate of the first fish you have
rounded in. Bass are known to run in pairs.
So some moments after that at the close
of a good cast there is suddenly another
brave tug at the line, a tussle and then some-
thing breaks water with a crash that some-
how or another has the effect of causing your
hair to half rise on your head in wonder and
surprise. That fish 1s the biggest of them
all and such a fight as he puts up rivals any
fight with a black bass that comes within
the range of your experience.

Such are the charms of plying the night
line.

The charms surely are manifold. For
one thing you are practically alone on the
lake or the waters and you have the game
to yourselves to see through to the finish.
Any beauty of day fishing is bettered or
improved upon by fishing at night. With
the moon high in the heavens silvering the
water there is just the right witchery to it
all to make it a thing to be remembered.
Go where you will over the water the seem-
ingly inauspicious places of the day become
the tempting ores by night. And night
fishing too is strange in that at any tim:
of the season, summer or fall the bass may
be counted on to be inshore in the night-
time. Fishing now then in the day-time,
say in the late July and August days you
will have very little luck. Why? As the
waters warm out the bass take to the deep
waters where they hold themselves and if
they are then to be gotten one must follow

FISHING NOTES

them with live bait finishing deep for them.
But night changes all of this. In a spirit of
adventure and in the interest of keeping
from hunger they come into the shallower
water. This the average day fisher has
not appreciated. He believes only in day
tishing for he holds the fish cannot see and
they cannot smel! ; in his way of thinking

163

all of them are snugly in bed tike the ma-
jority of humanity.

But the simple fact is that they are more
wide-awake than ever and more active than
ever.

Do not forget to ply the night line in these
days of charm. The quest is by far the most
enjoyable of them all.

A KINK ON MAKING BASS GROUNDS

Robert Page Lincoln

OU may have heard something or
oy another about making bass grounds—

or rather we might say—improving
grounds in a lake where bass should be but
where they—‘ain’t’. Only in two instances
however has this, in my knowledge been
touched upon; and yet I may say it is one
deserving of attention. It is an invention
that is worth its weight in gold (at least I
think so ana I am a man particularly smitten
with the bass bug). Now what is this you
ask that occupies my mind. I will tell you
as simply and clearly as I can.

Not all lakes where bass are found are
supplied along their shores with vegetation,
such as weeds, reeds and especially the lily-
pads, often these least of all. Some of these
lakes have sandy shores and bays, the only
vegetation being down close to the bottom,
vegetation which rarely comes to the surface.
Now, as a rule, it is useless to fish here because
the bass are not around. ‘The surroundings
are not what they want. They want vegeta-

ILLUSTRATING THE “‘KINK”’:
THAT PROVED SUCCESSFUL.

AN EXPERIMENT

tion, pad , etc., where they can linger through-
out the day and especially during feeding
hours, finding pleasure and profit in keeping
themselves there.

Now the proposition evolves: how can I
fix these grounds so that tney wilt have
vegetation, and sheltering places where the
bass wooed in will remain and as a con-
sequence make the fishing up to the standard.

It can in a blunt manner be done by sinking
small trees and branches in brushpile form on
the bottom. Some counsel that these trees be
anchored in place but of the two or three
systems I tried out, following written de-
scriptions, none of them suited me. I could
not feel within myself that they were any-
where near perfect. Now the lake I wished
to improve my grounds in was a lake that has.
sandy bottom all around. ‘The bass did not
come in in the way they should. I wanted to
prove to a number of anglers that I could so
improve that lake that the fishing along the
shores would be as good as anywhere in tne
county. Twenty dollars was laid down if I
could do this with success. I gained the
twenty dollars and the men who fished around
my sheltering places caught more large, rotund
and vigorous bass than they ever had and they
voted my system a signal success. But I
worked up a plan all of my own and I will not
bring in methods that have been used for they
are in my estimation useless.

} First to get the float, the round
float, and I will add that this float will not
frighten the bass in the least,rather the shade
formed will doubly entice them. Look care-
fully at the illustration. It is like the cover
to a barrel only greater in diameter and may
be four feet across or more, all depending
upon the weight of your trees. The float
must float remember when the six saplings or
more with limbs on them and well bunched
leaves are sunken. That is the main point.
In the exact center of the float attach a rope;
to the end of this rope tie a heavy anchor,
either iron, or preferably a stone. Sink this.
Note the illustration. | Remember that this
weight must hold the float in stormy weather.

Now at intervals around the edges of this
float have well set fasteners. To _ these
fasteners tie on small, yet strong ropes. To
the ropes attach the trees with wide spreading,
much leaved limbs as I have shown in my
original illustration. When these are sunken
they should form a tight-leaved sanctuary, In
and out of which the bass will daily,hourly

164

disport themselves with ever increasing de-
light and wonder. You will be amazed how
the bass, in little vegetated lakes will be called
in from the deep to hold concourse around
these trees, thus increasing ten fold your
angling chances. Remember that the trees
must have all the leaves possible, however
with spaces in between so that they can
readily go through between them.

As many as six or more of these floats with
their trees can be set at varied intervals in a
bay, in line with the course the bass travel.
The more the merrier, and you will find ere
long, after these floats have been put out that
you will have callers by the hundreds.

Put out the floats and the lowered vegeta-
tion and do not go around for a week or more.
When you do go around, row easy; make no
disturbance. I have always cautioned bass
fishermen, as well as trouters that caution and
the making of the least disturbance possible
are prime requisites. Fish in and around

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

these floats keeping at least twenty-five or
thirty feet away. You will be amazed at
your luck and at the large specimens you get.
One morning we cleared out with ten bass
each (a few hours’ fishing), and there was
not one that did not weigh over four pounds.
Mark that! And these fish were actually
weighed, not guessed at. It points to the fact,
(and I say it after a varied experience), that
the largest bass in your lake willeauen to these
sheltering places.

This is a kink many anglers should follow
up. It is only too well-known that there are
many lakes devoid of shore lining vegetation.
The bass then hold themselves in deeper water
and sometimes can hardly be got at. This
method however simplifies matters and can
successfully be employed anywhere. It will
call in not only bass but all the other fish in the
lake. Sometimes in their eternal shifting
from place to place they will find it with the
beneficial results stated.

Robert Page Lincoln

O. 62.—Forgive the question of an
N amateur but I must confess that I do
not know which way to fish for trout
with the fly—whether upstream or down-
stream? Also, can you tell me what sort
of a knot to use in making the leader and
line connection? Is it not possible to use
live flies upon the hook for fishing on the
streams? That is to say ; by using a light
leader and tackle in general, and a tiny hook
is this not possible? One could thus float
a dragon-fly, or a hopper. I have heard
about this method as blow-line fishing. If
you are familiar with the method could

you enlighten me as to how it is done?

Yours sincerely,
Albin Stuart,
; Ontario.

Ans.—As to whether you should fish up-
stream or downstream I should say that in
fly-fishing one fishes upstream practically
two thirds, if not all of the time. I will
not be so blunt as to say that downstream
fishing is not pursued, but I will say that
it-is not nearly so apt to be successful as

ANGLING ge

ES

a.

the upstream method. However it has been
and is a rule with anglers to fish upstream
and in returning to fish back, going down-
stream. However, in this case, there usually
is no choice ; one has to fish downstream.
But at the same time it is inconceivable to
believe that fishermen cast directly upstream
as some amateurs believe. As a matter-of-
fact the method employed is upstream and
across the water, at an angle so to speak.
But, in other instances, one will have good
luck by casting across the stream and allow-
ing his flies to take their wide course down-
stream without playing them viciously against
the current the way many unskilled trout
fishermen do. The poor part about fishing
downstream, among a number of other things
is the fact that when one is wading down
over the course he stands in liability of dis-
turbing mud, etc., which same will float down,
communicating itself to the fish that some-
thing is coming down. On the other hand,
wading upstream, if one is cautious about it
will in no manner frighten the fish. Another
point in favour of the upstream method
is that trout lie with their noses pointing

FISHING NOTES

upstream ; and they cannot see behind them.
Also but once in ten can we expect an insect
to be making its way upstream against the-
current, as we certainly have to manipulate
our flies if we are fishing downstream. How-
ever where we fish upstream it is natural for
the flies to come down with the current.

>
GF __ Pe ee VW)
SEX Sa Se pee PAB
it PASOSS
SS. rer ek
<Wisqe et

Be
“sy

SHOWING HOW TO TIE A NO. 8 KNOT

But the favorite method of course, is fish-
ing upstream and slightly across the brook
or stream.

Your second query as to how to connect
the leader loop to the reel line will be explain-
ed by the cut of a method known as the Fig-
ure Eight knot. This is perhaps one of the
best knots that I know of and it is reproduced
here at its worth. A glimpse or two should
make the process clear.

Now in regard to the using of live insects
on the hook. This may no doubt be done,
but I doubt if it ever is done. I have never
tried it on the streams and cannot recom-
mend it. Most of our insects, the Ephem-
eridae, etc., are so small and so light, that
I doubt whether it could be employed.
Grasshoppers could be used on the hook, but
they have little virtue as a floating pro-
position. And they never float down in
the spread eagle fashion as do the spent
gnats or spinners. However, I am _ willing
tofsay that the grasshopper upon the hook
beats any live bait that can be found, es-
pecially for trout. At that the hopper is
not a trout food. It is one of those occa-
sional beings that happen onto the surface
of the water and is snapped up by the watch-
ful fontinalis or salmo. Dragonflies are not
trout food, nor are the larger butterflies.
I cannot say that I have ever seen a trout
rise and take a dragonfly or a large butter-
fly, so I doubt their virtues as a swimming
proposition. But, as I say, I have not tried
them out so I can tell nothing about it.
Surely if you are to float these you must use
an ee nucnally light leader, and a midget

ook.

There can be no doubt but that you have
been thinking of the blow-line method of
fishing all along, and since you mention that
you desire some information as to it, I figure
that you are of the belief that the blow-line
fishing of the lakes can also be used on the
streams which, however, I doubt.

Let me remark that blow-line fishing
does not hold good in this country ; it is really

165

an old country method. It can, without
doubt, be employed and believing that you
would care for some information regarding
it I quote you passages from a certain article
about it by a well-known writer. He says:

“Drakes, stoneflies, bluebottles are most
successfully fished by means of the blow-
line. The outfit for the blowline consists
of a very light, stiffish rod, about sixteen
feet long ; from 80 to 100 yards of the finest
gossamer pure silk line ; a reel, the check of
which runs very smoothly ; a fine gut cast,
three yards long, and a supply of specially
made hooks. All being in readiness our
boatman rows us out to a favourite drift on
the lough where we are about to fish and
then a couple of drakes are very carefully
placed upon the hook (handle your lure as
though you loved it) some yards of line are:
drawn from the reel, the rod is held in an
upright position, and the wind being at our
back wafts the bait straight out in front of
us some six yards. As soon as the light line
is fairly extended the top of the rod is lower-
ed and the drake alights on the surface of
the lough as lightly as thistledown. Not
long is it allowed to dance upon the wavelets.
There is the unmistakabie rise of a trout
and the fly disappears ; very gently is the
line tightened—it is suicidal and quite un-
necessary to strike a trout when fishing with
extremely light tackle; the angler need
merely tighten on the fish:—there is a rush,
a plunge, and soon we are busy playing a
grand specimen of the Irish lake trout.”

Personally I do not see why these same
methods cannot be employed on some of
our lakes, and along our streams. ‘There
can be no doubt but that fishing naturally,
as it is here recognized, is by far the better
method.

: ay le

No. 63.—Can you tell me how I can patch
rubber boots. I never seem to have any
success at doing this and I have tried any
number of methods. If you could give me a
method how to do this I would be greatly
obliged to you. Also can you tell me how
to skin out a fish that one wishes to have
mounted, supposing that one is quite a way
from a town.

Hoping that you will have time to give
this your attention,

Yours truly,
Ge laRaymer:

Ans.—In answer I will say that your trou-
ble is the trouble of many anglers, the reason
being that just the right ways have not been
gone about in putting on the patch, or the
patches. I take it that you have put on these
patches and they have, at the wrong moment,
come off. It may not have been the fault
of the cement you used so much as the way
you put on the covering. First of all your
boot must be dry—thoroughly dry. Next
your patch must be dry. And after the
patch is on the boot must be kept in a dry
place. There are any number of good rubber
cements on the market and they can readily
be procured from any agency handling auto
supplies. The rubber patch should be of
pure rubber, the rubber being of suitable

166

worth, not the ordinary cheap stuff that
cracks and frays. This patch may be about
an inch or a trifle less across. The cloth
lining is of course taken off. Now you take
some fine sandpaper and you brush it around
the opening so as to make a surface that is
a trifle rough. Do not, however, rub too long.
When this is done apply some of the cement
allowing it to become quite sticky. Now
apply on top of this another coat and allow
this to thicken. In the meantime you have
put one coat on the underside of the patch,
and this too is allowed to thicken. Where
most men make their mistake is to daub
on some on the boot, some on the patch and
while it is wet stick it on. This will not
make a staying proposition. The cement
on both the boot and the patch must be quite
thick when the patch is put on and pressed
down well. Having done this you next in-
sert a wooden block in the boot so that it
covers the place underneath the patch. Now
you tap lightly upon the patch with some-
thing, going over all places carefully. This
should make the patch firm and hard to get
out of place. When you have followed these
directions you next go around the edges of
the patch with some of the cement and tap
this down. I will say here that the edges
should be well covered with the cement.
This has not a little to do with the success
of the undertaking. Remember to have the
cement thick-like on the boot and on the
patch before you press it on; never thin
and liquid-like. Patches put on that way
cannot last any length of time. But, in the
other way, they are liable to last as long
as the boot. When you have this patch on
according to directions it is necessary to keep
the boot in a dry place, not exactly by the
stove but near it. Remember to go around
the edges well. If an edge curls up the water
will have a chance to work away underneath
it with the result that sooner or later, no
matter how good the work is, it is going to loos-
en. Remember also that you must sandpaper
around the hole—this to give a rough surface
so that the cement can get a hold.

_ Now _in regard to the skinning out of a
fish. There are many ways and I have
heard of so many intricate methods that I
have wondered if I was the only one who did
not half-way grasp the proposition. How-
ever, I will name my method and I hope
you will be able to understand it.

First, your fish is going to be mounted ;
evidently on a panel. That means that one
side of him is not going to show up to open
view. That means that you can begin to
operate on that side, whether right or left
side it is for you to choose, and of course
it does not make much difference. The
long cut is made from the gills to the root of
the tail, along the lateral line: that is to
say the line that is found on the side of a
fish. With a sharp~knife you make this
cut, and working carefully under the skin
with your fingers you proceed thus to all
sides, being very careful not to go too fast.
When you have reached the tail you care-
fully sever the bone. Then you work up to
the back and along the back, cutting the
various fins underneath the skin and it does

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

not matter if some of the flesh adheres. The
job need not be thorough. Flesh may even
be left in some portions on the skin. In
fact I may say it is the best idea.

Thus you work along all sides. At the
head you sever the backbone and finally
withdraw all of the flesh. You also remove
the gills and the tongue. Ther, having ar-
rived at that stage you can say that you have
done your work right. The next move is
to make a strong brine, a heavy salt mixture
in which to keep the skin sunk in. Some
counsel liberally salting the skin first before
it is put in the mixture, around the head,
fins and tail. In {his final brine the skin
can be taken into civilization for reproduc-
tion. Practically anyone by a little time
and care can skin out a fish in the above
manner where, in the past, they have de-
plored the fact that they have been awa
from civilization and have done away wit
a fish that, had they thought a few minutes,
they could have saved (and they would
have saved it) for mounting as a remem-
brance of a lusty, never-to-be-forgotten fight,

To aid you in removing the skin from the
fish, if you feel you cannot work so well with
the fingers, the handle of a spoon pushed out-
ward and around in conjunction with the fin-
gers should be a vast help to you.

The cut side of the fish will not show,
and the taxidermist sews this up. But one
side, the head, the tail and the fins show
up in full view and for that reason one must
take care not to injure them in the rather
delicate cutting. The sharper the tools you
have for this the better, of course. :

R. Pa L.

No. 64.—I understand that what we call
crappie, or croppie, in the north is not really
the crappie, that it is a fish of another term.
Can you tell me more about this fish? I
am immensely interested in fishing for crap-
pie by means of light fly-rod, light leader and
small flies. There are certain times of the ~
season when fly-fishing for the crappie is
at its best and in these times I have been
very successful indeed—and I have been
so interested in it that, hearing our so-called
crappie was not the crappie I want to raise
the question if you think it does not seem
foolish. And about fly fishing for the small-
est smaller fish. I just want to say that
where these methods are employed in the
capture of the various sunfishes, and especially
the blue-gills, one is given a sporting pro-
position that I believe equally as good as
that of fishing for trout. But then, of course,
I have not been broken in to trout, whereas
I have had my fling in full at sunfish, crappies,
rock bass and all the other little warriors of
the fresh water. I note that you have now
and then touched upon fly fishing for sun-
fish, etc.; I hope some time you will write
an article about this.. Don’t you think it
deserves more space? I have hardly heard
anything about it and yet I can say for a
fact that I have never enjoyed myself so
much as when playing one of these little
fellows to net. You know how they lie

FISHING NOTES

flat on their sides and hold back. Really,
on a fly rod, it seems that you have a twelve-
pounder in tow.

Forgive this rambling letter.
Yours fraternally,

Kalamazoo, Mich. Henry H. Hyde.

Ans.— What we term the crappie or

croppie, in the north is really not the crappie. .

The true crappie occurs in the waters of
the south. The crappie (Pomozis annularis)
in our southern waters grows to the vast
size of a foot and as much as three pounds
in weight. The reason of this is the same
as in the case of the black bass. The black
bass of the south grow to fifteen pounds,
and even more in weight. This for the rea-
son that the climate is congenial, they are
able to swim around all of the time, and
they feed all the time. Whereas northern
fish hibernate at least a good deal of the
year and do not grow as a result. The same
is true of the southern crappie. Congenial
climate, moving around all of the time, feed-
ing a good part of the time, means no ceas-
ing in growth. What has been confused
with the crappie in the north is the Straw-
berry Bass, or the Calico Bass (Pomoxis
sparoides). Aside from the fact, however,
that the crappie is larger than the straw-
berry bass it cannot be said that there is
much difference between them, and it is
difficult to tell them apart. When the sole
difference is a matter of more bones to the
dorsal fin in one over the other it looks like
a very thin proposition. Therefore the
strawberry bass is called crappie and it has
become the universal name—and it is just
as well. ;
Fly-fishing the crappie will in time _ be-
come a leading pastime. I am glad to know
that you have already discovered the de-
lights of it. A good pound and a half straw-
berry bass upon the hook makes a valiant
fight, and one has to look sharp if he is using
fine tackle so there will not be a snagging in
the midst of that fight. I have experienced
much sport in fly-fishing for the crappie in
the summer and autumn months; and I
will say that it is about the only interesting
method there is of taking them, if we are
going to cater to the higher edicts of sports-
manship. Catching crappies, or strawberry
bass, on the live minnow, while a perfectly
legitimate method has really none of the
marks of fairness to it, such as is marked
by fly-fishing. Here the fish is deceived
by an artificial imitation. Likewise is tly
fishing for perch and the various sunfishes
a very commendable system. In line with
your suggestion that I dwell upon the catch-
ing of these more common fish I will say
that I have already these articles in pre-
paration and the first one will appear either
in the June number or in succeeding num-
bers. Not only will I dwell upon sunfishes,
perch, rock bass, crappies, etc., but I will also
mention fishing the lowly pickerel, which,
taken by means of the bait rod, bait casting is
really something quite out of the ordinary.

Be Ps:

167

No. 65.—Can you suggest a good bait
casting line, and where I could procure such
a one? I live away from stores and naturally
have to send for all of my stuff to the bi
companies. I have used some grades o
bait casting lines but must say that I have
found them very poor indeed, and they do
not seem to last. If you know of any dur-
able bait casting line I would esteem it a
favour if you would let me know where I
could procure such a one.

Thanking you for your courtesy,

A Brother Fisherman,
Neil Small, Ontario.

Ans.—There are, of course, many good |
bait casting lines on the market, and I am
sure that if you will look up some of those
that I mention you will find them good, and
certainly up to standard. The South Bend
Company, South Bend, Indiana, put out
a sixteen-pound test silk bait casting line
that has virtues far above the ordinary and
if you make a purchase from them I do not
think that you will make much of a mistake.
Then, on the other hand, we have the already
“reputation-won” W. J. Jamison bait cast-
ing silk lines. They have been with me
through many years of hard fishing and I
can personally say that they are good. There
are also the well-known Senter Brade lines,
put out by the Hastings Sporting Goods
Company, Hastings, Mich., and if the claim
is made that they are twenty per cent. strong-
er than the ordinary lines it is not saying too
much. These lines are double-braided. That
is to say the inner core of the line is braided ;
then the surfacing material of the line is also
braided over this making a line that will
stand a great amount of wear and tear.
This is a line, by the way, that will hold
its shape. For instance, there are many
lines that used a little will flatten out and
begin to fray. When a line shows a tend-
ency to fray it is a mark at once of unre-
liability. It must then be discarded, or
the worn portions cut off and thrown away.
Of course it should be remembered that a
line is like anything else in the fishing out-
fit. It will last if it is taken care of. The
careless fisherman does not unwind his line
from the reel when coming in from a trip on
the lakes. He lets it stand tight packed
and soaked right on the reel. Now no line,
no matter how good it is, can stand this.
It is not supposed to. It was made to be
taken care of and guarded like anything else
that we desire especially preserved. Every
tame you come in from the lakes fasten your
hoek to a tree, unreel all of the line and
allow it to hang stretched thus for about
five minutes or ten. It is better to stretch
the line out in the shade,—the wind blow-
ing will take all of the moisture out of it.
If time permits, let the line hang up thus
for as long as a half an hour for you must
remember to get it real dry the inner core
must be reached and I have known some
lines that have been very tenacious in hold-
ing moisture. Rub down the lines with
Three in One oil, just a light covering of
the line—not much, just a sprinkling on a

168

cloth. If you wish to economize in your
line build a core on the reel of common linen
line and then connect with the silk line.
This will save you not only line but will
bring your line high up and it will cast easier.
When you go out fishing see to it that the
front portion of the line is safe and strong.
If weak, at exactly the wrong moment a
large fish may break that line like a floss
thread. A good sixteen-pound test line,
on the other hand, will hold a fish of that
weight if you use your tackle with care and
deliberation. Do not, expect lines to last
you all summer. If you cast every day, and
a great number of hours a day the life of the
average line is four or five days, sometimes
not even that. But if you fish only occa-
sionally a line should last you at least half
of the summer or one month at least. I
have had Kingfisher lines that I have used
occasionally way into the second season,
but I made a mistake then. I lost about
the biggest northern bass I have ever had
on the hook by doing so. Since then I have
been very careful about the state and con-
dition of my lines. The watchword is: dry
your lines and dry them well, and occasion-
ally oil them!
jg tie oS De

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

No. 66.—Would you kindly tell me through
the columns of your magazine what you
think of Marble’s Clincher Gaff and Trout
Nippers and oblige,

Yours truly,
Galt, Ont. A Beginner.

Ans.—In reply I will say that Marble’s
Clincher Gaff is just as good a gaff as you
can get anywhere and if you are thinkin
of getting one of these appliances you will
not go wrong in making a purchase from
these people. I say this after having tried
out the Gaff mentioned. It is an up-to-
date appliance in every sense of the word.
In regard to the trout nippers also mention-
ed I must say that I have not tried them,
but if they are as good as the Clincher Gaff
they ought to pass muster. Where one is
fishing for large fish, in northern waters, for
great northern pike and muscallonge a gaff
comes in too handy to need open recom-
mendation. A gaff in other words is a dis-
tinct necessity. And the Marble Gaff like
the Marble camping ax, or belt ax, is a pass-
word for. efficiency. If you do not believe
me try them out and learn the truth of this
assertion.

Ri: Pols

FROM AN OUTDOOR MAN’S.
NOTEBOOK

you find it hard to obtain dry
material where would you look tor some-
thing to start a fire with? In the hollows of
trees there will always be found dryleaves
blown in during the previous :all; and often
twigs etc. at the same time. Under wind-
falls is another place to look tor dry material
and a good place to start a fire is under a
windfall. Grapevine bark, the inner tissues
ot which are not wet make excellent material
with which to start fires. Gather a great
deal of this and if it is raining stuff it in some
bag or under some canvas. If there are
hollow trees in your camping vicinity always
see to it that during dry weather you fill these
hollows with dry sapling and pieces of wood.
Then in rainy weather you do not have to
bother one whit but can go right there for it.
It is always a good idea to keep dry wood in
stock finding a sheltered place; cover it with
canvas or anything that will keep the rain off.
Oak makes the best embers to cook over re-
taining the heat the longest. This wood too
smokes the least. Therefore preserve all the
oak you can lay hands on. The above re-
marks should be of great value to hundreds of
campers in rainy- weather finding themselves
in the midst of a very disagreeable mess.

Do not set your tent in a brushed in or
wooded place out of-the open. Rather have
it at the outer edge of the open where the
sunlight can get at it, at least partly never
under a tree. If set in brushy, damp places
there is always a disagreeable moisture
around it. Besides there is always an abund-
ance of insects and mosquitoes in these
places and it is far from healthy. The camp

I’ there is any rainy weather in camp
and

should be so placed that after rainy weather
it will not retain its dampness. This can be
ensured by having the camp in the near-
sunlight at least. Remember in rainy wea-
ther to loosen the guy-ropes that stretch the
fly and tent—especially the fly, for when the
canvas gets wet it shrinks and is often torn
and the rope rings are shattered. Loosen
therefore all the guyropes at least partially,
when rainy weather is coming on.

Be sure that your camp is set so that there
is some slopage that will readily carry away
the water that falls. Ditch well around the
tent in back as well as along the sides. Keep
the tent stretched well so that the edges at
the bottom are off the ground. Never allow
these bottom edges to lie on the ground.
They will hold moisture and will soon rot and
fray and the tent will not be good for more
than one summer whereas it should last at
least two cr three. Do not forget a water-
proof floor canvas which will give you some-
thing between the earth and your feet. I
consider the floor canvas of great importance
and as an accommodation to success in camp-
ing it is of just value. Stretch it well and pin
down along the bottom inner sides of the
tent in the back also in front. ;

One thing only one camper in ten thinks of
is that a tent might be ill-ventilated; and yet
even in the out-of-doors this is a possibility.
It is a good idea to cut an opening oue foot
square in the back-of the tent up near the
peak. The piece is not cut away but is
thrown up. A piece of mosquito netting is
now sewn so that it will cover this square.
You will then have ventilation, whereas with
only the front open you are often choked by’

“te 12

i
—

rae ae

- relieved of its crowded aspect.

0 ee

Ee ee ee

ROD AND GUN

‘ack of air and have to lie near to the doorway
for air on warm nights. In rainy weather the
flap is dropped over the ventilation hole and
pinned in. This is an idea that I want every-
one who goes camping this summer to try
out. :

Very few amateur campers think of the nec-
essity of having something to cook under. They
believe that one twelve by fourteentent though
will answer for all purposes—and it may but
it is not so convenient as it should be. If you
are going to pack all your things in the one
teat you will find something very wrong ere
you have gone far. A small seven by nine
tent makes a fine apartment for cooking pur-
poses. It may be set off to one side ona
front corner of the big tent. Here the cook-
ing may be conducted and your main tent is
Inside the
cook tet make shelves either of boards or
straight saplings laid side by side o1 which
to keep your various goods. Keep all foods
well protected from moisture. Remember this
please. Perhaps you do not know it, but
moisture if allowed the upper hand will
destroy the value of the food make it such as
to unsettle your digestion and cause sickness

incamp. Be very careful therefore to protect

vour foods from moisture!

Mark this also! Do not use too much baking
powder in your various foods and do not make
a regular diet of baking powder biscuits.
Grease unsettles the strongest constitution
if used too persistently. Beware of grease.
Use it sparingly—the less the better. Here
again: do not eat the same thing over and over
again. Variety of food is the best for the
stomach; change off regularly. Chew all
food well. Drink much pure water in be-
tween meals. Water cleans the system and
helps to make pure blood. If you should get
constipated prepare and eat an abundance
of dandelion greens if procurable. Greens
should be eaten regularly anyhow. There isa
certain medicinal value in them that acts
satisiactorily and helps to keep one in trim.
Remember the above suggestion is not only
good in camp lite but in everyday life in the
city—where in season you are able to procure
greens.

Fish should help to make up much of one’s
bill of fareincamp. Youcan always count on
fish. As a tood element, it is easily digested.
Fish should be eaten at least once a day. Do
not iry in a quantity of grease. Remember
what I said about grease. This applies to fish
frying as well as to the cooking of other things.
Now when one stops to think of it, all we hear
about in general, in fixing up fish is that they
are fried “‘golden-brown and to a turn,” or
they are ‘“‘planked.”’ Now this is all very
good and well but it is certainly not the only
way. One mar counsels that trout be boiled
in olive oil. But we will go one step turther.
Here is a receipt ‘or fixing up fish in such a
manner that you will lie awake nights con-
palatine yourself. And before I go any

urther allow me to say that the mucn despised

bullhead is just as good as any other fish fixed
this way. Some of my friends believe bull-
heads this way to be better than trout,
though bullheads fried are sickening. In the
receipt I give here a mixture of various fish is
best, say bass, sunfish and bullheads.

IN CANADA

169

The fish are cooked until the flesh is ready
to fall off the bones. Then they are taken
out and put in a pan. Keep the broth that
the fish were cooked in. Let it stand aside to
cool till you have things ready. Pick the flesh
pieces away from the bones, and put these in
the broth in which the fish were cooked. When
you have this done season the broth well and
allow it to boil a trifle. Now take it off and set
in a cool place to thicken. This broth and the
flesh flakes jelly, and finally hardens so that
it may be cut with a knife. And it is a dish
that you will not only like but I doubt
whether you will ever vote any other way ot
preparing fish, in comparison, worth while
When eating jellied fish, use vinegar. It gives
just the right taste. Besides seasoning with
salt and pepper, I have also tried adding
seasoning leaves which is also good, but some
will not approve of this added flavor, believing
the ordinary seasoning, in addition to the use
of the vinegar enough. ‘Try this please!

You may have heard of baking fish in the
coals. If not try it. Here isa new way. A
rather large fish, of about six pounds is needed.
It is first cleaned, and washed well. Procure
some blue clay from the banks, or any clay
that will sufficiently hang together. Now,
before covering the fish with the clay for the
baking take a knife and cut holes down from
the back into the meat, large enough so that
you can get your finger in easily. Now cut
pieces of pork, or bacon and insert in these
holes. See to it that the fish is well porked or
baconed. ‘“‘There’s a reason.”

When your fish is thus ready cover well with
the clay so that there will be one inch thick-
ness all around and so that it will not come
apart. Note: if you have brought some waxed
paper along for the purpose you can first cover
well with this paper before putting on the
clay. Now when ready sink your clayed fish
in the depths of the coals of the fire, heap the
coals over it well and allow it to bake for the
space of twenty minutes or twenty-five for
good measure. When you then take him out
you will find the clay hardened, which may be
peeled off and you will find your fish such a
morsel as will bring a howl of delight from
your lips. |The pork and bacon enrich the
fish threefold at least. If you don’t try this
you are not my friend.

Stuffing may be added to this fish: in which
case the belly is sewed up after the stuffing is
in. This makes a very tasty thing indeed.

You can also cook fish, remove the flesh;
mix this with crackers or bread crumbs and
cooked potato; fashion these into three inch
croquettes and fry in pork till they are brown
on either side. This can easily be done. A
little seasoning only makes them better.

On a camping trip you should not be with-
out the so-called powdered eggs. Not only
are they convenient, but if you are out in
wilderness ways, with means of transportation
a dubious quality they are simplicity personi-
fied. Make a batter of flour and egg in the
proper proportions, dip sliced pieces of fish in,
this and fry. This makes a dish that is hard
to equal. Furthermore if you desire, alter
you have dipped in the egg you can also roll
in bread crumbs and fry to a golden brown.

Fish prepared as I have advised will prove
both appetizing and whelesome.

435%

“ & Readers are invited to contribute to this

t notes, comments am -
quiries concerning firearms and ammun-
Hion. mmunications

must be brief [

and to the -point and persomalities must
not be indulged in. The Editor will not
be held responsible fer opinions express-
ed by correspondents. Address all

communications to A. B. Geikie, c/o Rod
oodstock, Ontario.

and Gun, W

The Publishers of Rod and Gun Magazine invite readers of the magazine to contri-
bute articles and letters to Mr. Geikie’s department on matters pertaining to guns and
ammunition, but do not necessarily endorse the opinions expressed therein by these

contributors.

ARMS THAT HELPED TO SHOVE THE
FRONTIER OFF THE MAP

(CONTINUED FROM LAST ISSUE)

By Ashley A, Haines
Colt’s Revolving Rifle—Colt’s and Remington Revolvers of both Powder and Ball and Breech-

Loading Types—The Smith & Wesson Revolvers adapted to Metallic

ers that I have written of, Col. Colt also

applied the same system to rifles. These
were made in .36, .44 and .56 calibers, the
two last meeting with the best reception
on the frontier. The riiles were used to
some extent in the Army, but how generally
they were used for military purposes I do
not know. Besides being well received in
America, the Colt’s rifles found friends in
foreign parts as the following letter written
to Col. Colt by Lieut. Hans Busk, M.A.
of the Victoria Rifles, England, and author
of ““The Rifle and How to Use It,” will show:

“Your rifle is by far the most complete
specimen of the soldier’s firelock that has
yet keen produced and corsidering that I
have fired more than 68,000 rounds from my
own shoulder, my opiaion in such matters
is, perhaps, worth more than the mere empty
praise of a green hand; let any one who

Bestuat making the cap-and-ball revolv-

Ammunition.

wants to know what a Colt can do take my
word that for efficiency and strength of
shooting nothing can beat it.”

The letter from which this extract is taken
is dated April 28, 1859. On that date, Lieut.
Busk ‘made 46 buils on a two-foot bull’s eye
at 400 yards out of 48 shots, with a Colt’s
revolving rifle and Colt ammunition, which
well illustrates the fact that the Colt re-
volving rifles possessed both range and ac-
curacy.

In writing of his impressions of the Colt
arms it a work entitled ““The Prairie Travel-
ler.” Capt. Raadolph B. Marcey, U.S.A.
has this to say:

“Colt’s revolving pistol is very generally
admitted, both in Europe and America, to
be the most efficient arm of its kind known
at the present day. As the same principles
are involved in the fabrication of his breech-
loading rifle as are found in the pistol, the

COLTS REVOLVING RIFLE

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 171

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a ESS

172 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

conviction to me is irresistable that, 1f one
arm is worthy of consideration, the other
is equally sc. For my own part, I look
upon Colt’s new patent rifle as a most ex-
cellent arm for border service. It gives six
shots in more rapid succession than any

Target, 6 ft. by 2 ft.; 8 in. Bull’s-eye.

‘“‘BUSK TARGET

other ritle I know of, and these, if properly
expended, are oftentimes sufficient to de-
cide a contest ; moreover it is the most re-
liabie and certain weapon to fire that { have
ever used, and!I cannot resist the force of
my conviction that, if I were alone upon
the prairies, and expected an attack from
Indians, I am not acquamted with any arm

I would as soon have in my hands as this.”

With the appearance of the metallic cart-
ridge, many of the old cap and ball Colt re-
volvers were converted to handle the new
ammunition. These revolvers held first place
on the Frontier until the early ’70’s when
the Colt Company brought out their world-
famous Single Action Army revolver, hand-
ling the .45 Colt cartridge with 40 grains ot
powder and a 260-grains bullet. This arm
was severely tried out in the Army for three
years after which it was adopted by the
War Department for the Cavalry Service
of the United States. This, occurred in
1873—that is, it was adopted in that year.
The .45 caliber was generally called the
“Peacemaker.” Soon after this—the exact

date I am unable to state,—chis model was .-

offered to use the .44-40 Winchester rifle
cartridge and was known in this caliber as
the Frontier Model. Famous as the early
model Colt’s were, the Peacemaker and the
Frontier models surpassed them in popu-
larity. As loaded with charges originally
intended for them, these two sizes, i. e.,
the .45 Colt and the .44-40, represented the
two most powertul revolvers of that day and,
so far as I know to the contrary, they still
hold first place in that respect.

I dislike to make any statement that might
be construed as extravagant in any way,
but it is my honest conviction that the Single
Action Colt in the two calibers mentioned,
and the .44-40 Model 1873 Winchester rifle
had more to do in backing the Frontier off
the map than any other three arms that
figured on the Frontier. And all of these
arms are still being made. Other arms were
well entitled to be christened “‘Old Reliables”’
and figured conspiciously on the border in
frontier days, but all of them, after playing
well their part, gave way to arms of later
date. Not so with the “Peacemaker,” the
“‘Frontier,’’ or the ’73 Winchester. All made
their appearance at practically the same
time, all are still with us, and to those of
us who are interested in the “‘Old Timers”
it wil be interesting to see which has the
longer existence.

The standard length of barrel for the single
action Colt when first introduced was seven
and a half inches, though later five and a
half and four and three-fourth inch barrels
were offered. as well as three and four inch
barrels for pocket use, though these last two
lengths (not now made) were without eject-
ors. The rifling, as now offered, differs from
the rifling originally used in these arms, be-
ing not so deep as formerly, though the twist,
one turn in sixteen inches, remains as at
first. The rifling as first used in these arms,
and which was not altered for twenty or
thirty years, had very narrow lands and wide
grooves, the depth of rifling being .005 inch,
and it has always been the belief of many
that this form of rifling permitted of more
shots being fired without fouling to an extent
to materially affect accuracy than any other.

In addition to the customary cylinder pin,
the cylinder also had a bushi providing
three surfaces for the cylinder to revolve
upon. When we consider the fact that onl
black powder ammunition was to be had bac!
in frontier days, which not only fouled the

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ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

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ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

COLT’S SINGLE ACTION ARMY REVOLVER, CAL.

chambers and rifling rapidly but the mech-
anism as well, the importance of the three
bearing surfaces, which greatly diminished
the chance of sticking from rust, fouling, etc.,
will be appreciated. But it might be well to
mention right here that the old single action
Colt had to be in a shocking condition when
the great leverage afforded by the long ham-
mer-spur failed to move the cylinder as it
was designed to. When the thumb dropped
around the hammer-spur, and weight of the
revolver as it was thrown down on the target
depended upon the cock itself, the Old Timer
who almost invariably manipulated this arm
in this manner, became so accustomed to
this method as to find it decidedly awkward
to manage some of the more modern revolvers
which required entirely different managing
to manipulate readily.

To write of but a small part played by
the single action Colt on the Frontier would
fill volumes. To do this will be impossible
in the limited space provided in these col-
umns, so I will dispose of the “‘Old Reliable’
Colt for the present by quoting from an article
by Mr. Pascal DeAngelis, one of the best
authorities and most practical of gun men,
that appeared in Outdoor Life several years
ago:

-45—7'% INCH BARREL

“The .45 single-action Army Colt has
written more pages of history than any other
fire-arm that has ever existed. It made the
‘bad man’ of the frontier a possibility, and
then in the hands of Texas Rangers and
other prompt and efficient officers of the
law, exterminated him. To a great extent
it disposed of the Indian question. President
Roosevelt, Richard Davis, Stewart Edward
White, Alfred Henry Lewis, Owen Wister,
Frederick Remington, Hamlin Garland—all
men who have seen for themselves and know
whereof they write, recognize the .45 single-
action Colt as the gun par excellence.”

When tempted to quote the above from
Mr. DeAngelis’ exceedingly interesting article,
I had really intended that as a last word
concerning the famous single-action Colt
for this time ; but since then something that
Mr. Chas. Newton wrote for Outer’s Book
several years ago has occurred to me, and
while it would be fully as appropriate used
in connection with the 1873 Winchester rifle
(to be considered later with the Henry, the
1866 and ‘Centennial’? models) it will also
fit in very nicely in the present instance:
It reads, in part, as follows:

“The settlement of the West and conquest
of the prairies and mountains required, re-

COLT’S METALLIC CARTRIDGE, ARMY SIX SHOT REVOLVING PISTOL, CALIBERS .44 AND .38

—s

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 175

ceived and developed a class of men who were
true frontiersmen, who were away from
civilization for months at a time and whose
food was procured and scalps protected by
their rifles and revolvers. These were prac-
tical men, of much experience and their very
lives depended upon the accuracy, durability
and efficiency of their rifles, consequently
they would not, as a class, be swayed by
fad or theory regarding their weapons, but
would and did choose those which long ex-
perience demonstrated would give the best
general average of service under the condi-
tions in which they were used. The tests
of service to which these weapons were put
were fully as strenuous as any to which the
modern sportsman subjects his rifle and as
a result the American coat of arms might well
be a Colt’s revolver and a Winchester forty-
four. There has never been an arm which
has received so nearly unanimous an ap-
proval as the Winchester type of lever action
repeater received at the hands of these
frontiersmen, etc., etc.”

This extract from Mr. Newton’s article
refers both to the Colt revolver and the .44
Winchester. This is as it should be, for the
Colt’s revolver in .44-40 caliber was closely
related to the Winchester 1873 Model in
this caliber as many frontiersmen appreciated
the advantages of possessing both rifle and
revolver handling the same cartridge, and
when carrying one or two Colts, and a Win-
chester using the same cartridges, the nervy
frontiersman thus armed and forced into a
tight corner was as well prepared to put up
a desperate fight as any man of to-day could
be unless prepared to hold back on the trigger
of a modern machine gun.

Thus far all that has been written con-
cerning the Colt revolvers used in frontier
days, relates to single action revolvers. Be-
ing first in the field, and always preferred
by the great majority of frontiersmen to
the double-action revolvers of that time,
but little space will be devoted to the latter
type. Cuts shown herewith represent the
most popular of the Colt double-actions.
The double-action Army Colt, no longer
made, and which was sometimes called Rod
Ejector Model, was slightly heavier than
the single-action with same lengths of barrels.
The .38 and .41 calibers, double-action,also
had the rod ejectors, same as the single-
action, but were made on smaller frames
which, considering the smaller cartridges
used, was as it should have been, one of
these arms, as nearly as I can remember after
several years since seeing one, weighed under
30 ounces. The stocks of these arms were
different from the single-action, being round
butt and with a “hump” back of hammer
which acted as a brace when gripped and
were sometimes spoken of as the saw-handle
grip. These grips fitted the hand perfectly,
but in the .44 and .45 calibers when used
with the full forty-grain black powder charges
proved very severe on the hand of the average
man.

- The .38 and .41 caliber Colt cartridges
_ of that day were outside lubricated and at
all times were a nuisance as one had to use
the greatest care to prevent lubricant be-
coming {detached, or dirt, grit or dust col-

EARLY MORNING
AT CAMP.

It’s chilly in the early A.M.,
but a good cup of hot coffee
takes the shivers out of the
spine. It takes the grouch out
and puts the holiday spirit in,:
and the fish seem to know the
difference.

But it must be good coffee.
That is easy with

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CANADA

176

lecting on the exposed lubricant. One had
only to carry one of these revolvers with a
belt full of the cartridges under average
every-day conditions in the saddle on_ the
frontier to condemn them. While these
cartridges were very accurate, and reasonably
powerful, at the same time they were not in

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

their make that figured on the frontier than
to their revolvers. From this do not let
the reader who may not be familiar with
the various Remington revolvers that were
made years ago receive the impression that
these revolvers were not strictly high grade
in every respect ; for such would be far from

COLTS DOUBLE ACTION, ROD EJECTOR, CALIBERS .38 AND .41

the same class as the inside-lubricated .44-
40 and .45 calibers. In my opinion, the
Colt Company missed a grand opportunity
when, in the frontier days, they failed to
bring out their famous single action on a
smaller frame to use a frue .40 caliber cart-
ridge with straight shell using 30 grains of
owder and inside lubricated 200-grains bul-
et instead of turning out the .38 and .41
double-action revolvers to use these com-
paratively inferior loads.

While comparatively few of the men of the
frontier used the double-action revolvers,
I have it on pretty good authority that that
fiend of the frontier, “Billy the Kid,’ did
tie to a .41 double-action Colt, and before
he was finally killed by- the nervy Pat Gar-
rett, with a single-action Colt, he had killed
twenty-two men! And this “Billy the Kid”
met his doom, I believe, at about twenty-one!

While the Remingtons were in the field
with an excellent powder-and-ball revolver
some time prior to the Civil War, (the exact
year I cannot give, but know they were out
as early as 1858), and while many thousands
of these arms were issued to the Northern
troops, many of them later converted to
metallic cartridge revolvers, and while they
found many friends among men of the fron-
tier, both previous to and after the Civil
War, the name “Remington” has become
famous, I believe, due more to the rifles of

the truth, but for some reason unknown to
me they never became as popular as the Colt,
though many considered them fully equal to
those famous arms.

The Remingtons were made in the cap-
and-ball models in the same sizes as the
Colts of that day. Later the converted
Remingtons were to be had for various rim-
fire as well as center-fire cartridges, just
as were the converted Colts. The revolvers
of Remington make are now seldom to be
seen, though Bannerman advertises them,
but all that has been said of the grip, balance,
good shooting qualities, etc., of the Colts will
apply equally well to the Remingtons. One
of the most popular of the Remington re-
volvers used on the frontier was the .46 rim-
fire, but the last Remington belt revolver that
was made was an entirely new model, pattern-
ed closely in outline, after the earlier models,
but made to handle the .44 Winchester center-
fire cartridge. Just when manufactured I
cannot state, but think most of them were
made during the ’80’s.

My first recollection of a revolver dates
back to a powder-and-ball Remington .44
which my father owned for some twenty
years and with which he had killed many
deer in his younger days. A Remington
was the revolver with which his Company
was armed in the Civil War, and when it
came to talking of revolvers, of my father’s

“

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

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78 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

time. the Remington was the one that re-
ceived most lavish praise from him. I shot
the old Remington as a youngster, as well
as the cap-and-ball Colt, after which came
the .45 Colt using the metallic cartridge,
which, with its full charge, never failed to
send its 260-grain bullet through 8” x 8” pine

paratively few of these arms found their
way into civilian hands. I have always
held to the opinion, however, that had the
Schofield Model with its excellent grip,
using as it did a more powerful cartridge
than either the Russian or American models,
been the only belt Smith & Wesson offered

COLTS ROD EJECTOR MOOEL, CALIBER .45 a

timbers which was a revelation to one who
had previously used the other revolvers with
light powder charge and round balls.

And after that the Smith & Wessons!
We may, and often do, become enthusiastic
when talking of the many strong points that
were embodied in the Colt and Remington
revolvers that helped to shove the frontier
off the map, and especially as concerns the
grip, the balance and the shape of the ham-
mer spurs that adapted them so well for
quick and ready manipulation ; and while
in the above respects the frontiersmen as a
whole considered them superior to any others,
not one man in a thousand could be found
but who would readily admit the many fine
points to be found in the Smith & Wesson
arms. In discussing the various revolvers
used at the time of which I write, it would
be perfectly fair, I think, when considering the
number of each make used, to give the Colt
first place, the Remington second and the
Smith & Wesson third. As a pocket revolver,
the smaller Smith & Wessons without doubt
headed the list, but on the frontier, the big
Smith & Wessons were not so popular, though
this is not saying that many of the American
and Russian Model Smith & Wesson were
not used ; or that the .45-30-250 Schofield
Model of same make, did not give every
satisfaction in the hands of the Cavalryman
into whose hands one happened to fall. But
as only two lots of the .45 Schofield Model
Smith & Wesson were manufactured, and
these under contract for the Army, com-

the frontiersman it would have become far
more popular than either of the others, as
neither the Russian or American models
used as powerful cartridges as the frontiers-
man favored ; and the grip of the Russian
was one that the average frontiersman never
fell in love with, though the grip on the
American model was an excellent one—but
the cartridge used in it was generally con-
sidered of insufficient power, just as one
might say of the Russian.

In addition to being a more powerful cart-
ridge than eithér the American or Russian
model cartridges, the .45 Schofield model
(brought out in 1874) was inside lubricated,
and the others were not*; and an outside
lubricated cartridge was one never to be
particularly favored by any for belt use.
From an apparently reliable source, we have
been told that the noted bandit, Jesse James
divided his affections about equally between
the American Model Smith & Wesson and
the .45 Colt, as during the last days of his
bloody career he is said to have carried one
of each. J. B. Hickock (“‘Wild Bill’’) used
both Colt’s and Remingtons.

The Schofield model Smith & Wesson
revolver differed from the Russian and Am-
erican models, not only in the cartridges
used, but in the method of barrel latch.
The barrel latch to the two models last men-
tioned were identical with the latches used

* Author’s Note.—.44 Russian Smith &
Wesson cartridge now made inside lubricated.

ndeiniteeidiied

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® The quick eye, active brain, respons-
ee ive finger, quick, snappy trigger pull,
| fast lock and quick load form a chain
fuk of action——if one link is weak the

chain is faulty.

A |\® | T If you are using a gun with a Bal

; j creepy trigger pull and a slow lock—

‘ Oc K No. 44 || two linksin the chainare weak. Why

F = j not pass the “old timer’’ along and

Gives you a feeling of real comforc get a down to date Ithaca with a light-
and the assurance of perfect protection i ning lock and a quick, snappy pull.

while exercising. } | We figure the speed of our lock will in-

Opening beneath Patent flap

Small amount of material betweenthighs

Perfect pouch

PMT DEL 26-05 Welt-bound webbing
Can be cleaned by boiling without injury to rub.
ber. Fits perfectly Can't rub or chafe. Finest
quality elastic webbing. Ask your dealer, and if
he will not supply you with MIZPAH JOCK NO, 44,
send us 76c instamps and waist measurement and
we will send by mail.

THE WALTER F. WARE CO.. Dept. C. PHILA

SS

\

>
Sy
SS

ITHACA GUN CoO.
BOX 13 - ITHACA, N.Y.

| We Make to Order Guns —

Ranging in Price from $41.50 to $450

No specifications in the gun line are too of experience in making guns for the fore-
exacting for our consideration. We invite most trap and game shots of the United
correspondence relative to special guns for States enables us to satisfy the most exact-
discriminating sportsmen. Our fifty years ing gun user.

Write for free booklet
on 20 bore guns, of
which PARKER
BROS. are the
ploneer makers in
America.

Caialogue will be
sent on request.

PARKER BROS., Meriden, Conn.

N. Y. Salesrooms, 32 Warren St., New York City

| A. W. du Bray, Resident Agent, P.O. Box 102, San Francisco, Cal.

180 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

on the jointed model Smith & Wessons still | Smith & Wesson would have given the single
being manufactured, which are familiar to action Colt a close run for popularity on
all: but in the Schofield model the latch the frontier. I have heard practical gun
was arranged to be pulled back with the men talk by tne hour.concerning the superior
thumb and the gun opened to automatically points to be found in the single action Smith
extract the shells by pressing barrel against & Wesson, but due to having been “brought

the leg of the operator to carry it down, only

up,” as it were, on the single action Colt

THE NEW MODEL REMINGTON REVOLVER MADE FOR THE .44-49 WINCHESTER RIFLE CARTRIDGE

one hand being required in the operation.
Tnis I understand, was an invention of Gen.
Schofield’s—at least the patent was owned
by him.

The American Model Smith & Wesson
was brought out in 1870 ; the Russian Model
Smith & Wesson brought out a year or so
later. The Russian government purchased
150,000 of these arms for her cavalry. In
America, to the best of my knowledge, this
model owes its popularity more to its extreme
accuracy than to its having met with any
great favor from men of the frontier days.
As a target arm it has never been surpassed.
While at first this model was made only
for the .44 Russian-model cartridge, wuich
had a cylinder (length 1 7-16 inches) too
short for the longer .44 Winchester rifle
cartridge, the demand in time became suffi-
cient to induce the makers to turn out this
model with longer cylinders (1 9-16 inches)
and chambered for the Winchester cartridge
which seems to have been used by practically
all the prominent makers either in repeating
or single-shot rifles, revolvers and double,
or three-barrel guns. This arm was exactly
what many had been asking for, as here was
a revolver with the unequalled Smith &
Wesson workmanship, made by a firm turn-
ing out arms of unsurpassed accuracy, and
shooting a cartridge equal in power to any
turned out by either the Colt or Remingtons
and, barring the fact that the ejecting ar-
rangement would not handle tight fitting
shells as readily as the two other makes,
with an action in every way equal to the
best for reliability and durability. Had
this arm been made in .44-40 caliber with
a longer hammer spur, or one like either
the American or Schofield models, and a
grip similar to either, there is nothing more
certain in the minds of many of the revolver
cranks than that the .44-40 Single Action

they would invariably bemoan the fact that
the Smith & Wesson would have to be turn-
ed down by them due to the shape of the
grip and hammer spur. Had these men,
however, learned to have gripped the Smith
& Wesson high on the stock, as its designer
no doubt intended, and to have cocked with
end of thumb instead of the manner so fam-

All but lower revolver shown represent famous
revolvers of Frontier Days. To make the oup
complete the Schofield model Smith & Wesson should
be added. Revolver at bottom shows the 1908 Smith
& Wesson Military model whicn represents the best
in modern revolvers just. as the two upper Colts re-
presented the best or the large belt revolvers back
in Frontier days. The Frontier Colt, seccnd from
top, is still being made and is preferrea by many to
any other revolver as a powerful belt arm. From
top to nottom the revclvers are as follows: Colt
Cap-and-Ball, Colt Frontier, Remington Cap-and-
Ball converted to metallic cartridge, Smith & Wesson
American Model, Smith & Wesson Russian model
and last. being strictly modern in every way, the 1908
Smith & Wesson.

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 181

ies,
We B
| Wonderful Performance

of the Ross .280

The following paragraph is an extract from an article by Mr. Stanley
R. Graham of Chicago, dealing with an exceptionally successful hunting
trip in Old Mexico, in which the Ross .280 played a prominent part.

‘‘Edmunds, who is the most accurate rifle shot I ever met, killed a
small ewe at the almost unbelievable distance of from 1,800 to 2,000 yards.
He used a Ross .280 calibre sporting rifle with open sights. The bullet
Ter | entered just below the tail, badly lacerating the intestines and lungs. Sub-
oe sequent shots, especially the shooting of a small lamb at a distance of 800
: yards, proved to my mind that game is not safe from Edmunds at even a
: mile away.’’

In Canada the Ross .303 Sport- For Camp or Trail no rifle excels
ing Models share the popularity of the Ross .22 Cadet. It is reliable
the .280 Ross among experienced and accurate and uses the inexpen-

guides and hunters, equalling sive 22 short, long or long

in accuracy and reliability rifle ammunition.
the Ross Military Rifle.

Vii wp asmae sed

Sf

seer

one?

wae

ROSS RIFLE CO.
QUEBEC

Illustrated Catalogue
on request.

182 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

iliar from long use wita the Colt, there would
have been ten of these Smith & Wessons
used on the frontier where there was but one.
(Manufacture of this arm discontinued in
1900).
When contemplating writing of the various
arms that helped to “shove the frontier off
the map,” I had thought it would be an
easy matter to give a complete description
of each of the most popular models, lengths,
weights, cartridges adapted to them, charges

4

of powder and lead, when introduced, when
discontinued, and a thousand-and-one other
things of interest to the crank ; and all this,
and more, I had hoped to place before the
reader in ani article of half the length this has
reached. But the task will have to be left
to another day, for here we will bid adieu
to the revolvers of frontier days in order to
consider the rifles that played fully as im-
porant a part, if not more so, in “shoving
the frontier off the map.”

(TO BE CONTINUED.)

A GOOD POCKET GUN

A. R. G.

that I do not as a rule favor the prom-

iscuous “toting” of dangerous weapons.
In many communities the practice is forbidden
by law and in others frowned upon even if
laws are not actually in force to prohibit the
custom. However in the state where the
writer is at present no laws are in force to
prevent the peaceful citizen from carrying
a revolver as a means of defense from thugs
and sand-bag men, a goodly number of which
gentry are at present plying tneir trade some-
what briskly in the city where the writer is
living. In fact three hold-ups took place
in one week on the same street not three
blocks from the writer's home and as my
calling as a physician makes it imperative
sometimes that I go about into all manners
of places and at all times, I have of recent
days fallen into the habit of toting a weapon
which I trust I will never have to use but
which I also believe will not fail me should
the time ever come when I will be cailed
upon to defend my personal.property from
the hands of the hold-up man.

The “gun” is a revolver—an Iver-Johnson
hammerless .38-caliber, 5-inch barrel blued
finish, handsomely engraved and fitted with
ivory stocks. This revolver is most beautiful
to behold and balances with a perfection that
makes the pistol look good to one. So far
I have fired the gun but fifty times using
Winchester smokeless ammunition and up

Ritiae here at the start allow me to say

to twenty yards the accuracy was excellent.
I helped to dispatch a mad dog to its happy
hunting grounds after the manner of another
contributor to this magazine some time ago
who used a .380 Savage automatic pistol.
The dog in my case was shot at twenty feet
with the Iver-Johnson, the bullet entering
behind the ear and blowing the whole brains
out. I certainly did not look for such ter-
rible execution in such a small pocket arm
and am inclined to believe that this caliber is
the very best obtainable for the purpose of
self-protection. I am confident that a burg-
lar coming in contact with one of these .38
caliber pistol bullets would drop like a rag if
we are to take the killing power of the arm
on the dog as an instance of its true killing
power.

In cleaning the revolver I use nothing but
Marble’s oil and pure sperm as a final rust
preventative and to-day the barrel and all
metal parts are as bright and shiny as ever
and will be in this condition I believe as long
as I own the pistol.

Allow me to repeat that I do not favor
the carrying of concealed weapons in a com-
munity where conditions do not warrant the
practice or laws forbid ; but where I am
living at present no laws are in force to pro-
hibit the lawful citizen from protecting his
person and valuables with the means which
seem to him best. And to me the little gun
described above s2ems to fill the bill.

THAT “ONE-PIECE STOCK” THEORY

If Fee &

OR the last two or three years the writer

has noticed many statements appear-

ing in the various sporting magazines
including this publication, Outer’s Book
and Outdoor Life to the effect that a modern
high power rifle fitted with a one-piece stock
after the manner of the military bolt action
repeaters’ of the Ross, Sauer-Mauser and
Springfield type, was capable of better ac-
curacy than a rifle adapted to the same am-
munition but fitted with the regular two-
piece stock as in the case of the sporting
American repeater and single-shot rifle. Now

Scott :

I have never yet read anything concerning
this point brought up save many words and
a still greater portion of ‘hot air. Cham-
pions of the one-piece stock gun made many

claims for the superior accuracy of which |
their gun was capable when pitted against

a rifle using the same cartridge but fitted with
a barrel screwed into the frame as in the case
of the entire Marlin, Savage and Winchester
line of arms. The claim was made
that the one piece of wood _ stiffened
the arm against the wrench of the recoil
affecting the whip of the barrel.

a

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 183

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184

The writer’s experiences in the shooting
game have led him to believe that the one-
piece stock is not in itself conducive to accur-
acy any more than it tends to inaccuracy ;
the wood on the forestock of the Model 1903
U. S. Springfield does not bind on the barrel,
hence no “‘stiffening’’ theory can be attribut-
ed as being responsible for the wonderful
accuracy displayed by the military rifle of
Uncle Sam. The Krag military rifle was
fitted with a one-piece stock. I have seen
both the 1903 Springfield and the Krag rifle
(military model Just as issued to Uncle Sam’s

police force, ahem—I mean Army) badly
beaten on the range by single shot and re-
peating Winchester rifles adapted to the
30-40 and Model 1906 ammunition re-

spectively. The Winchester Model 1895 as
it stands to-day is the equal in accuracy
of the Springfield, both guns being chamber-
ed, of course, for the same cartridge, the
Winchester being of the solid frame type and
both arms chambered on the same system,
barrel lengths also to be the same. The
length of barrels of the army gun and the
°95 Winchester is the same—24 inches:

Mr. Newton who seems to have been re-:

sponsible for the “one-piece stock’ theory
was doubtless influenced largely by the

knowledge that the arms to which he had in-
tended adapting his ammunition were bolt
action guns and as such fitted with the one-
piece stock. In passing allow me to say that
no lever action rifle is a practical arm in
which to use such cartridges of Mr. Newton’s
design as the .256 and .30, also the .35 New-
ton. These cartridges contain tremendous

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

/

/

charges of pyro. No gun but a bolt gun
is safe to use under these circumstances and
even the bolt action rifles handling such
strenuous ammunition must have a clear-
ance at the chamber to act as the “safety
valve.” Otherwise to quote Mr. Newton,
“the pressures soar skyward very rapidly.”
As a result of this loose chambering these
new rifles will handle this heavily loaded
ammunition with safety. Other points may
be sacrificed but the shooter’s head will be
safe. If Mr. Newton has of recent months
been chambering his arms so as to leave a
chamber clearance of at most not greater
than that found in the standard American
sporting rifle I cannot but believe that the
man whose guns bear his name will be forced
to come down a wee bit in the powder charge
or else encounter rather high pressures even
for a bolt action gun. I would certainly like
to hear from Mr. Newton through these
columns as to this point. At present my
opinion is as I have stated above.

The one-piece stock discussion I will Teave
with some expert like Lieut. Townsend
Whelen to decide upon. At present I have
seen the .30 1903 Springfield military rifle
licked too blame often by single shot Win-
chester rifles using the .30-40 ammunition
to put much belief in this theory, for it is
but a “theory”? at most and so far as I can
see existing but in the fertile minds of its
originators.

Let the “experts” take up this matter in
a serious way so as to either confound or
establish the “‘one-piece’”’ stock theory for
keeps.

THE DADDIES OF ’EM ALL’

So. No cis

HE first real big game repeater that ever

I came into existence was by all means

‘the model 1873 Winchester repeater
adapted to the .44-40 cartridge containing
the well-known load of forty grains of black
powder and a two-hundred grain lead bullet.
Up to the time of the introduction of this
model, many were the so-called repeating
rifles on the American market. The Spen-
cer, Josyln, Henry et al. had been manu-
factured in large quantities and were in the
hands of thousands of sportsmen through-
out Canada and the States. But neither
the old Spencer nor the Joslyn nor the Henry
were suitable big game rifles though much
game is laid up to the charge of these arms.
They rarely registered a kill for a shot as did
the big Sharp’s and Ballard of the day and
the accuracy of these rim-fire rifles was
questionable over one hundred and _ fifty
yards. The coming of the .44-40 Winchester
repeating rifle marked ‘an opening in the era
of gun making.

I will not dwell in this short article upon
the rifle itself but will briefly say a few words
concerning the most powerful ammunition
adapted to this rifle—the .44-40 or as it is
eg called perhaps the .44 W. C. F. cart-
ridge.

Some writer a few months ago made some
remarks to the effect that the old .44-40 was
a back number and incapable of killing big
game. This man should think twice before
breaking into print with such rash and
thoughtless statements. What rifle killed
off the biggest share of our western buffalo
since 1873? The answer is the Winchester
873 repeating rifle in .44-40 caliber; and
thousands upon thousands of heads of the
biggest of American arid foreign game could
be attributed to this rifle and ammuniion.
A deer shot with this arm at a distance of
about one hundred yards will be secured as
effectively as though one were to use a .30-
30. True, no great mass of blood-shot meat
will be secured to delight the heart of the
hunter ; a neat hole but of sufficient area to
secure absolute surety of blood-letting is
the damage the 200-gr. slug makes on deer
flesh—and I have yet to see a deer that was
struck in a vital spot with a bullet of this
caliber and within reasonable range, get
away and be lost to the hunter.

One need not tie to black powder and
pure lead bullets if he owns a .44-40. He
may load his cartridges with Du Pont “‘bulk”
powders (smokeless) such as No. 75 Gallery
Rifle Powder and No. 80 and cast his bullets

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 18

Efficiency Means High Speed

.250-3000 Savage

What gives

THs is the day of high speed.
Its

the modern automobile its efficiency?
high speed, small bore motor.
And what gives the .250-3000 Savage, the
modern hunting rifle, its efficiency? Its high
speed, small bore cartridge.
The .250-3000 Savage gives a velocity of
three thousand feet per second to its vicious
little soft nose, Spitzer point bullet.
This speed drives the bullet so hard that it
shoots through half-inch steel at 100 yards,
and it paralyzes the biggest, most dangerous
animals in their tracks.

This speed drives this bullet so flat that you
need not raise your sight for 300 yards.

This speed drives this bullet so straight that
the rifle makes ten-shot “‘possible’’ at 800 yds.
And this speed reduces recoil toward the
vanishing point though the rifle weighs only
seven pounds.

The beauty of outline and perfection of de-
tails and finish of the .250-3000 Savage must
be seen to be appreciated.

Write us for particulars.

All first-class gun dealers will be glad to show you aa

this arm.

Savage Arms Company,

venue. Utica, New York

Manufacturers of High Power and Smail Calibre Sporting Rifles, Automatic Pistols and Ammunition.

7" SAVAGE-=—

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Ask vour dealer to show you ‘‘The Deacon”

|

|
DEACON SHIRT COMPANY
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=

é/ —says Mr, Lody
iy Smith of New York
?/ about 3-in-One Oil.

?/ Mr. Smith fishes when-
B) ever he hasa moment tospare;
Gy and when he talks about any-
4 thing relating to fishing he

& knows whereof he speaks.

Read Mr. Smith’s letter:

“For use on floating flies, I find
that the feathers are not affected
by the hackles and wings sticking
together. Thereis an entire 2b-
sence of paraffin which is present
in most of the dry fly solutions. I
also use 3-in-One for my reels,

lines, etc., and recently discover-

ed that it was a good repellent of
black flees, mosquitos and midgets,
better to use than heavy greases.”

Try 3-in-One Free

Send for a generous sample with full in-
formation aboutits many uses. 3-in-One
is sold by allhardware, sporting goods and
general stores; 1 0z,, 10c; 3o0zs., 25c., /

8 ozs., [4 pint] 50c; and in Handy fs

| Oil Cans, 32 ozs., 25c.
Three-in-One Oil Co. , /
55 New St., N.Y. Nike
let ¢ BS of ea
| 1 SS = ae

186
somewhat harder, that is with a percentage
of tin in their make-up, say one to thirty.
The use of these smokeless powders results
in but slightly greater pressures than the
original black powder and these loads are
cleanly both to load and to use.

In closing I will say that I have indeed
great respect for the good old .44-40 cartridge

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

and also for the rifle to which this cartridge
was first adapted. Both ammunition and
rifle have decidedly ‘made good’ in the hunt-
ing field and it does not behoove the class of
1916 mud-slingers to indulge in sarcasm at
the expense of rifle and ammunition which
has killed more game than most sportsmen
of to-day have ever seen.

REMINGTON-UMC AUTO-LOADING
RIFLE IN .25-CALIBER

jigs a Peas

contributor to these columns recently

had some very good things to say about
the Remington autoloading rifle. I, too,
have found this model a splendid one and in
.25-caliber a most desirable arm for such
game as coyotes, wolves and bob-cats. I
have fired up to date exactly eight hundred
and fifty shots of factory-loaded ammunition
out of my .25 autoloader and the gun works
to-day, as evenly and serenely as it did the
day it left the factory—and it has seen some
hard service too, believe me! I have shot
prairie wolves with this rifle at two hundred
and fifty yards using Lyman sights and I
know of grizzlies being killed with .35 auto-
loaders at a distance ‘of four hundred yards
and even further on several occasions. No
more powerful arm than the .25 is required
for coyotes and such game. A humping
skurrying coyote will be dropped in its tracks
if struck anywhere on the body with the
little bullet and I have seen these animals
shot through the body with .25-20 and .32-40
bullets and run for four hundred yards even
though struck in what I would call a_ vital
place.

I have tried out factory ammunition load-
ed with the sharp pointed full jacketed bullets
in this rifle and the results have led me to
believe that sufficient velocity is not possible
due to the comparatively limited powder
space of the .25 Rimless case, to permit this
bullet to do the diving trick peculiar to the
150-grain Springfield service ammunition. I

I WAS very much pleased to note that a

to-day use Remington factory2loaded soft
point cartridges only, although I admit that
were primed shells procurable from the manu-
facturers I would reload my own ammuni-
tion. As it is to-day none of the factories
will supply any of the rimless autoloading
sizes of primed shells. Why this is so is
rather hard to determine as “what is sass
for the goose should be sass for the gander”
and the components of .30-30 cartridge and
other sporting ammunition can be regularly
secured from all the cartridge manufacturers.

The manufacturers of the Remington auto-
loader have recently put this model out with
a steel rifle butt-plate. This will be a piece
of good news to those who are unfamiliar as
yet with this fact but the writer’s rifle is
fitted with a fancy walnut stock with steel
shotgun butt-plate and I prefer it to the rifle
butt-plate for many reasons personally. I
am well aware, however, that the majority of
hunters prefer the old swallow-tail form of
butt-plate (in a somewhat modified form)
to the square straight butt. This is, of course,
but a matter of personal preference.

I have fired out of the above-mentioned
number of rounds, many shots in rapid suc- -
cession and the outer barrel iacket did
not heat at all perceptibly. This is due to
the splendid design of the arm and to my
mind is but one of the many fine points of
the Remington. I would like to hear from
other readers of this magazine who are also
admirers of this arm.

QUERIES AND ANSWERS

“TO COVER ALL GAME SMALLER THAN
DEER”

Editor Guns and Ammunition: As I am
a steady reader of your fine magazine I will
take the liberty of asking you to answer some
questions. I am enclosing a stamped and
adcressed envelope for reply by mail as I
oe this information with as little as possible
delay.

What caliber of a rifle would you advise
one to purchase, the gun to be more powerful
than the ordinary .22 rim-fire, accurate up
to about three hundred yards, to cover all

game smaller than deer and using inexpensive
ammunition? Would you advise any special
make?
Toronto, Ont. oe
(In reply to your several queries would
suggest that you select either a .25-20 or
.32-20. These cartridges are adapted to a
wide range in loads and if you decide to pin
to one of these calibers I will be most happy
to give you some help in reloading the am-
munition so as to bring about the best results
as regards both killing power and accuracy.
Either the .25-20 or .32-20 will ‘“‘cover all

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

187

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Their small price-difference over
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The Regular Fabric tire is equipped with a Snow-White Tread, and the Elastic

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sao Extra-Heavy Red Tubes and Accessories are carried by all Marathon
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oe The Marathon Tire & Rubber Co. S50
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Factory and General Offices : St. Catharines, Ont.

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Z-2-6

188 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

game smaller than deer’’ but neither of tnese
sizes are intended for accurate work at the
300-vard range. A .25-35 would fill the
bill much better in this respect and I can
do no better than suggest that you try out
the three calibers thoroughly and decide
for yourself. As to whether to select a single
shot or repeating rifle depends entirely upon
the use to which you intend to put your rifle.
For quick snap shooting at flying targets
after the manner of the circus men a repeater
is the gun and the barrel length should hard-
ly be greater than twenty-four inches. For
target work the heavy, long barreled, light
triggered single shot rifle is what you should
use. In the February issue of this magazine
I gave some information to an enquirer under
“Queries and Answers” re the single shot vs.
repeater for use on small game. If you have
this number on file I would suggest that you
look this up on page 942.—Edttor.)

SIGHTS FOR A MODEL 1893 MARLIN

Editor Guns and Ammunition: What com-
bination of sights would you recommend
for a Model 1893 Marlin rifle for hunting
and perhaps a little target work? I have in
mind a Lyman bead front and a Marlin re-
ceiver rear sight. What is your opinion of
the Marlin receiver sight? An _ answer
through this magazine will be appreciated.
Pickering, Ont. W. H. W.

(In reply to your query as to a suitable
sight for your model 1893 Marlin would sug-
gest either a Lyman or Marble tang sight
used in connection with a small ivory bead
front sight. If you desire a rear sight rather
further from the eye the Lyman _ people
manufacture a receiver sight for this par-
ticular model which will give splendid satis-
faction. We would recommend taking out
the regular factory buck-horn rear sight
altogether as this middle sight does not play
any part in the optical principle involved in
the Lyman system of sighting and is but in
the way. I have never used the Marlin
receiver sight but understand that it is well
made, strong and reliable.—Editor.)

WILL TACKLE THE JOB HIMSELF

Editor Guns and Ammunition: I want to
thank you very much for your kind answer
of the 12th inst. relative to the fitting of
target sights to my rifle. I will follow your
suggestions and tackle the job of fitting
special sights myself.

Your department in Rod and Gun is very
interesting and instructive.
Little Current, Ont. H. Bell.

THE .22 FOR HIM

Editor Guns and Ammunition: I was very
pleased to receive your prompt reply of the
13th inst. in answer to mine asking for the
name and address of “‘Mossback,’’ and was
a little surprised that you considered my
letter good enough for a space in your col-
umns.

Thank you very much for the name of
your contributor. Without the address,
it was plenty for me to identify my man by.

Regarding the last part of your Tetten ask-
ing to hear from me again would say that
a little later I will be glad to set down a few

of my ideas, experiences, etc., and then if
you ehihke them good enough to publish, why
all right. I have never had any experience
in writing for a publication, but of course,
any one who has shot a good deal has a few
pet notions of his own, and if I can get them
down in such form that they will be under-
stood I will be pleased to pass along any
experience I have had.

I have shot about all the different kinds
of small game there are in this country with
the .22, have won a prize rifle and a good
many matches and am very strong for the
.22 and if any of my ideas are of any value,
or interest to anyone else they are certainly
welcome to them. Of course, anything I
write will be bona fide. You won’t catch
me starting any argument about the accuracy
of the .22 L. R. or anything like that.

Only a ‘“‘bug” knows how many valuable
and interesting things get into your columns,
for no matter how much one has shot, he
only knows a small percentage of what he
would like to know, and often will get the
very information he is looking ‘for by read-
ing another’s experience.

Like all the other readers, Iam for Rod and
Gun, strong, and am sure proud of the fact
that we have a magazine that does not need
to take off its hat to any of the others, and
I certainly wish it all success.

When I can get my notes together I will
send you an article to pass judgment on.
Chatham, Ont. | Dips ls

THE .250-3000 SAVAGE

_ Editor Guns and Ammunition: In the April
issue of your interesting magazine appears
an article entitled “Some .250-3000 Savage
Experiences,” the article being signed by
H. A. S. of Cartnage, Mo. I am especially
interested in the latter portion of this article
wherein the author speaks of the question
of metal fouling. It had not at all been my
understanding that copper jacketed bullets
give more trouble from this source than the
type of bullets with cupro-nickel or other
alloy jackets. In fact, my understanding
has been decidedly to the contrary. The
ammunition which the Newton Arms Com-.
pany of Buffalo is making for its new line.
of rifles is all using copper jacketed bullets,
whether with expanding point or full metal
cased. Furthermore, I have been informed,
although I do not know it to be a fact, that.
the Savage Arms Company is recommend-
ing the copper jacketed bullets for both
the .22 Savage High Power, as well as the .250-.
3000 Savage. In fact I have been told that
under high pressure and heat, as in the case:
of any of these modern small bore ultra high
velocity bullets, when passing through the-
rifle’s barrel, something of a chemical affinity
develops between any of the various forms.
of metal jackets and the steel of the rifle
barrel, the only exception being in the case-
of the copper jackets.

In another article in the same issue of your-
magazine I notice a complimentary reference.
to Mr. DeAngelis, of the Savage Arms Com--
pany. The writer has had the pleasure of
meeting Mr. DeAngelis, having in fact spent.
considerable time with him on one occasion.
He assisted me in making up the specifications,

Sa SLC“ itsti‘OSOOOSSCS—S in

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 189
There are several excellent Canoe

We Outfit
Trips in Ontario, of which we

Camping can furnish serviceable charts, as

well as providing the provisions,

Parties Tents, Utensils, Blankets and

General Outfit.

Bee iliched For upwards of a quarter of a
century, it has been a special
1835. feature of our business to outfit

Camping Parties, and we know
the requirements thoroughly and
invite inquiries.

MICHIE & CO., Limited

King Street, W. - Toronto, Canada

a

_

CLARK’S
CAMP SPECIALTIES

Need No Eulogism — You Know Them

Corned & Roast Beef Peanut Butter

Cambridge Sausage Tomato Ketchup
Lunch Ham Spaghetti with
Lunch Tongue Tomato Sauce and
Ox Tongues Cheese

Jellied Hocks Fluid Beef Cordial

CLARK’S CELEBRATED
PORK and BEANS

Your Camp Outfit is incomplete

Without Them.

| W. CLARK, LIMITED, MONTREAL

190 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

for a .22 Savage H.P., which, when finally
delivered through the dealer, proved to be a
most beautiful weapon with special stock
and fore-end beautifully checked, Lyman
No. 301% rear sight and Vickers-Maxim front

bullets, even though firing the weapon a
good many times in rapid succession.

I hope Mr. H. A. S. will let me hear from
him, either direct or through the columns
of your magazine.

Yours very truly,

Xenia, O. Paul B. Yockey.

ALPINE CLUB NOTES

sight. The gun is a joy to behold, and even
more so to use. I have not had the slightest
trouble when using the copper jacketed

‘The Annual meeting of the Vancouver

Section of the Alpine Club of Canada was held
on April 4th. The following officers for the
ensuing year were elected: Chairman, B. S.
Darling; Vice-Chairman, Mrs. J. W. Hen-
shaw; Secretary Miss E. C. Smith, 1746
Macdonald St.; Committee, Miss Reid, Miss
Laird, Rev. A. H. Sovereign, A. F. Armistead.

Instead of the Annual dinner of former
years Miss Laird received the members and
their friends, twenty-five being present.
Professor S. J. Schofield, of the chair of
geology in the University of British Columbia
gave a delightful talk on his rambles in the
mountains which he entitled ““Travels among
the hills of thought.” He dealt chiefly with

the formation of the mountains of the Coast
Range, showing how much older their gigantic
formation is than that of the main range of
the Rockies Mt. Garibaldi he believed to be
of volcanic origin, lava and ashes being found
on and near it. The site of the city of
Vancouver was covered by a glacier of great
depth; huge boulders groved and worn by the
slowly moving ice were to be found on many
Vancouver lots.

After the lecture there was a musical pro-
gramme and many interesting mountain
photographs were examined and admired.

R. G. Armand and R. C. Morrison, mem-
bers of the Alpine Club of Canada have joined
the 187th Overseas Battalion.

HE infant moose in this picture are not
posing. They are standing still because
their young legs are too wobbly to per-
mit hasty exit to where their mother has
escaped in the edge of the nearby timber,
from which vantage point she stands watching
the camera man with big, wondering eyes as
he snaps the shutter on her darlings. -

These youngsters are standing on a gravel
bar beside the Smoky river near the village,
where the breeze keeps away the flies.

Se Foe

INFANT MOOSE a,

This is not a rare sight in the unsettled

north country, travellers along the waterways >

often coming unexpectedly upon both young
moose and bear. The bear cubs are not so
easily approached for photographic purposes

as their mother, unlike the cow moose, stands |

her ground and is ready for a fight at the first
yelp of fear from her young.

into-.captivity soon become as gentle as if they
were never intended to roam the wilds. ee

The young ©
moose, as soon as their first fright has sub- .
sided, will follow a human being, and if taken |

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

pg

“OUT -OF - DOOR”
IN QUEBEC

AND THE

MARITIME
PROVINCES

Fishing
Hunting
Boating Yachting
Canoe Trips

| Golf

—
co
—

WRITE FOR FREE COPY
GENERAL PASSENGER DEPARTMENT

ANADIAN GOVERNMENT RYS.

MONCTON, N.B., CANADA

Who will also furnish information with regard
to the new line

QUEBEC TO WINNIPEG

which offers splendid opportunities for fishing, hunting, and
canoe trips in the virgin wilds.

:

C

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ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

The Camp: Cook’s Best Friend
is a good supply of Heinz pure foods. There’s one or more
that goes right with every kind of camp fare.

HEINZ 57 VARIETIES

give you the most food in the least space and purest form.
Easy to pack and carry, and easily opened. All ready cooked
just heat and serve. When you make out your list remember:

Heinz Baked Beans

Always welcome, hot or cold.

Heinz Spaghetti

Deliciously cooked with tomato
and cheese sauce.

Heinz Cream Soups

Tomato, celery, pea—the best
soups with the most appetizing
flavors.

Heinz Ketchup

Everybody likes it.

Heinz Evaporated Horse-

radish
A fine relish
Heinz Peanut Butter

Keeps sweet indefinitely in the
hottest weather.

Heinz Pickles, Preserves,

Jellies, etc.

All good grocers sellthem. Send for list of the 57 Varieties.

H. J. HEINZ COMPANY, Pittsburgh, Pa.

All Heinz goods sold in Canada are made in Canada

193

ILION, N.Y., WILL CELEBRATE FOUND-
ING OF FIREARMS INDUSTRY
IN AMERICA

ILLIONS of adult sportsmen the world
MI over—and boys, perhaps, in particular,
4 who are sons of farmers and of black-
smiths—are looking toward the Mohawk
Valley this year with a special interest.
At Ilion, N. Y., in that historic country of the
Leather Stocking Tales, one hundred years
ago, a boy of seventeen was working with his
father in a little blacksmith shop on the
family estate. In the boy’s mind had long
been growing a yearning for a rifle—the hills
about his father’s farm were alive with game.

For the boy’s request was refused and right
there was laid the foundation of Remington
arms!

The boy was Eliphalet Remington, Jr.

In August this year the people of Ilion
village—now a community made up largely
of skilled gunsmiths who treasure and are
jealous of the Remington story, past and
present—will celebrate the making of the
first Remington rifle which the boy Remington
started immediately upon his father’s refusal.

Albin Potasek, the Bohemian Sculptor—Re-Creating in Clay the Making of
the First Remington

On this memorable morning in 1816 the youth
plucked up courage to ask his father for money
to buy the coveted arm.

All hail the courage of American boyhood—
and the traditional conservatism of American
fathers!

194

Told from Father to Son.

It is familiar history in the valley—told
and retold from father to son by many a
fireside—how young Remington picked up
scrap iron here and there, how by infinite
labor he hammered it into a billet on the

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 195

—

that holds the coffee

you hear so much about

|
This isthe cate

oa es
f~ mas. pot?
ie
wa”) ,
= 0
EE eee
Lr
———SSSSSSSnanananann@q{’ayaNae——e—e—e—e—e—e—e—e—eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaeaeaeeee

|

In 4,2 and 2 pound cans.
Whole— ground—pulverized—
also Fine Ground for Perco~
lators. 166

Soe OL SU ee Oe De Ge Le Seng nd

An Angry
~ Bull Moose

Per oeionate Charged

Theodore Roosevelt

near Quebec,last hunting season.

How the Colonel killed the
Bull in self defence, after having
previously obtained his legal
limit of Moose, is told by him in
the February 1916 ‘‘Scribner’’,
and by sworn affidavit at:‘Quebec.

rc aba

Caribou and Deer

are abundant in parts of Quebec
Province, as well as moose and
bear.

THE BEST TROUT FISHING

in the world is in the Province ot Que-
bec, and so are the best Guides both for
fishing and hunting. Read Henry van
Dyke’s description of some of them in
“Little Rivers.”

Would you like to own

A Summer Camp

for your family, by a forest-claa stream
or mountain-surrounded lake?

ee TU celles Se SS SS ot aie Mens ceteris. sti

MeL

You can build one of your own, by leas-
ing a fishing and hunting territory from
the Government of the Province,
whether a resident of it or not, or by
joining one of the many fish and game
clubs.

Write for an illustrated booklet on
“The Fish and Game Clubs of Quebec,”’
which tells you all about them, and ad-
dress all enquiries concerning fishing
and hunting rights, fish and game laws,
guides, etc., to

SU Use mi Ts ern

MPEP) LLU

Hon. Honoré Mercier,

Minister of Colonization,
Mines and Fisheries.

Quebec, Que.
——

AA UMMC UN MSE RET A SS 1 FRR WLC NO AR ACPO KCC GSP 1 CTE 9 LH IN LS DRONA SACS NAC DARE 101 NNC sm MALI srr SL ARUN De DSC A Prem ela]

Ee
(ea)

Ge ee eu tamed Ol unersLLS

196

ROD AND GUN

IN CANADA

Some of the Renowned Artists Mea ae de for a $1000 Prize—Are Putting

Their Conceptions of the Making of t

1. Louis FANCHIER. 2. F. G. Cooper.

smithy anvil, how he carried the bar fifteen
miles to Utica to have it bored and rifled, and
how he finally assembled the complete rifle.
It was a well made rifle and there was a de-
mand for more—first among neighbors, then
the people of the adjoining counties looked
to Ilion for their hunting weapons. Day
by day the Remington fame spread until
the state and the nation, and finally the whole
wide world found the path to the always
growing factories for which this farmer-
smithy boy genius laid the foundation. To-
day more than 25,000 workers are making
firearms and ammunition which go forth under
the Remington name.

So the citizens of Ilion—and Ilion has
grown in these hundred years from a cross
roads to a thriving town of 10,000 people—
have long planned this celebration. There

3. R. J. WILDACK.

e First Remington on Canvas.

4. FRANKLIN BITTNER

will be a great pilgrimage to the scenes of the
early Remington activities. The forge has
long since gone—crumbled and rotted and
washed away by the years—but on the site,
well marked by generations of dwellers in the
valley, a commemorative tablet will be
placed. And in the village, in the shadow
of one of the gigantic Remington arms fac-
tories, there will be parades and pageants,
speeches and spectacles, games and various
other forms of entertainment, all to bring
back to the present generation a glimpse of
the progress of one hundred years and to
emphasize the old adage, ““Despise not the
day of small things.”
: Three Days’ Celebration

Three days August 29, 30, and 31, are
announced as the celebration days by the
Ilion Centennial Committee. These will be

The Old Forge Where the First Remington Rifle Was Made in 1816 and the
Main Remington Factories of Today.

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA i

NEGLIGEE SHIRTS
HAVE A DISTINCTIVE STYLE

Made of fine pure wool Zephyr and wool Taffeta, in
exclusive dainty patterns, they have all the ‘‘appear-
ance’ which superior material and skilled workmanship
give to Jaeger Goods.

Far superior to cotton or linen, not only for exercise and outdoor
sports, but also for year round wear in office, or when travelling.

Made in all sizes, with single or double cuffs, shirt or coat style.

A free illustrated catalogue and Dr. Jaeger’s
Health Culture will be sent free on application to

DR. JAEGE Soe eee Go; LIMITED

TORONTO - MONT REAL - WINNIPEG

| Incorporated in 1883 with British Capitalfor theBritish Empire }

Hardy’s The Great British Specialists
In “‘Palakona’”’ Regd. Split Bamboo Fishing Rods

Manufacturers to
HIS MAJESTY
KING GEORCE V.

Nee

| | THE “DE LUXE” ROD, made of Steel-hard ‘-PALAKONA” is Hardy’s latest
1} | design in single-handed rods for wet or dry fly fishing. ~
| T is the product of the largest, and best equipped factory, supervised by the
I champion Professional Fly Casters and Anglers in Europe, ‘‘Hardy’s”. Don’t
forget that as wages in Great Britain are 75% less than in America we can
give greater value in high class hand work. All our rods are hand made by experts
whose lives have been spent at this work, for which 50 GOLD MEDALS have
| been awarded. Length 9-ft., weight 514 ozs.; 9-ft. 6-ins., weight 534 ozs.; 10-ft.,
1} | weight 6o0zs. All fitted with Hardy’s patent screw grip reel fittings. PRICE—
Rod, with one top only, $18.37; with two tops, $22.04. If in Bamboo protector
case to carry THE WHOLE ROD, $2.44 extra.

eas 2" eae DRY FLIES—As made by us for the late F. M. Halford,
" Esq., for whom we also made rods, etc., 60 cents per doz.

GUT CASTS—The Anglo-American tapered mist color
No. 1 medium, No. 2 fine, as made for Mr. Halford.

Stout to 4X Ditto, Ditto to 3X, Stout Lake to fine, Ditto to
medium, Ex-stout to MEDIUM, Ex-stout to stout, 6 ft.
8/6d. per doz. or $2.08, 9-ft. 11/- per doz. or $2.69.

S., Manufactory Alnwick, England

THE GREAT
ENGLISH FIELD
says “We must
never forget that it
mtoo HARD Y
Bros.of Alnwick we
owe the supremacy
we have achieved as

Rod makers. Hardy Bro

198

designated, respectively, as Ilion Day, New
York State Day and Industrial Day. Appro-
priate programs have been tentatively ar-
ranged and details are being carefully and
elaborately worked out—llion has an enviable
reputation for doing things on a big scale.
So far, it is known that Governor Whitman of
New York State will be among the Where
Other representative men will also talk to the
great crowds that Ilion will entertain. Major
General Scott, Chief of Staff, United States
Army, will bein attendance on one day at least.

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

Albin Polasek, a Bonemian Sculptur, is
creating in clay, a striking conception of the
making of the first Remington and a number of
poster artists are competing for a $1000 in
gold prize offered by the manufacturers of
today’s Remingtons for the best poster com-
memorating the making of the first Remington

and announcing the Centennial’ occasion.
This contest is unique in many ways, parti-
cularly because the prize is so large and the
number of participants so few.

CHANGES IN THE GAME LAWS OF
SASKATCHEWAN |

At the last session of the Saskatchewan
legislature The Game Act was amended in
several important respects. It is now lawful
to kill cow moose. The bag limit for big
game has been changed. In no case shall
any person kill more than one male elk or one
cow moose, and in any event not more than
two big game animals in all in one season.
It is still unlawful to kill female elk or the
young of any species of the deer family under
one year of age. The open season for big
game is now from November 15th to Decem-
ber 14th, two weeks longer than formerly.

It is now unlawful to hunt swans at any
time. The open season for prairie chickens
is from September 15th to October 31st, two
weeks less than formerly. Sage _ grouse,
ruffed grouse—commonly known as partridge
—and Canada grouse—commonly known as
Spruce grouse, are protected until September
15, 1918.

The much discussed question as to whether
a gun is loaded when carrying cartridges in the
magazine only, is settled by a provision in
The Act which states clearly that such a gun
is not deemed to be loaded within the meaning
of The Act. Added to the list of contrivances
that are prohibited for the destruction of game
birds is “‘any device or mechanism designed
to silence or muffle or minimize the report of
a fire arm.”

By far the most important change in the
game laws is the provision which prohibits
the sale of game birds and big game animals.
All true sportsmen have been agitating for
legislation of this kind for several years.
Hunting is a sport and should not be com-
mercialized. The principle value of our game
is its inducement to our citizens to get out of
doors and thereby engage in the health-giving
recreation which the pyrsuit of the game pro-
vides. It is the game hog who almost in-

variably hunts for sale. By doing away with
the market the incentive to wholesale slaugh-
ter will largely disappear.

Cold storage companies are now required
to take out a license to store game, the fee for
same being $2.00 annually. Returns of game
stored must be made to the Chief Game
Guardian, and no game birds shall be in stor-
age between March Ist and September 16th,
nor the flesh of big game between April Ist and
December Ist.

Residents of hamlets, as well as cities,
towns and villages, are now called upon to

take out a license to hunt game birds. The
fee for such license is $1.25. Nonresident

license fees are $50.00 for big game, $10.00
for season game bird license, and $2.50 for
six-day license. The fee for a resident fur
dealer’s license south of the line between
townships 25 and 26, is $2.00, north of said
line $10.00, and for nonresident fur dealers
$20.00.

The areas of all forest reserves hitherto
were automatically declared game preserves.
To meet the wishes of sportsmen, who com-
plained that the areas set aside as game pre-
serves were altogether too large, a number
of changes have been made. Several of the
former reserves have been reduced in area and
some have been withdrawn altogether. The
North and South Saskatchewan rivers from
the Alberta boundary to the easterly bound-
ary of township 49, range 22, west of 2nd
meridian, in which township the rivers con-
verge have been made game preserves. Full

descriptions of these reserves and further
information respecting the revised game laws
may be secured upon application for a copy
of the new Game Act, which will be furnished
free of cost by the Chief Game Guardian,
Regina.

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

ldlotel Griswold

PostaL HoreEL CoMPANY - PROPRIETORS

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hostelry in Detroit.
Located in the centre of the shop-
ping district and within short walk-
ing distance of all the theatres.
Come where YOU will be properly
taken care of at

REASONABLE RATES—

$1.50 and up, European. Es

Finest musical program in the city: dancing every
evening. YOU will have MY personal attention.

GRISWOLD ST. and GRAND RIVER AVE.
DETROIT, MICH,

Fred Postal, Pres. - Chas. L. Postal, Sec’y.

“ge pal

BOSTON

Commonwealth Ave.
100 yards from Massachusetts Ave. car lines.

Che Bistinctive Boston House

A public house for those who demand the best
and prefer a homelike atmosphere.

OTT

Single rooms from $2. Combined sitting
room, bedroom and bathroom from $4.
Self contained suites. In summer dinner
at a fixed price is served in the roof garden.

Some globe trotters have been good enough to sa
that the Puritan is\one of the most attractive an
comfortable hotels in the world.

Our booklet with guide to Boston on receipt
of your card. R. G. COSTELLO, MANAGER

HOTEL LENOX

North St., at Delaware Ave.
BUFFALO, N. Y.

BUFFALO’S LEADING TOURIST HOTEL

Hotel Lenox is modern, fireproof and beautifully locat-
It is popular with tourists because of its fair rates,
courteous treatment and complete equipment. The
cuisine and service are the best obtainable.
EUROPEAN PLAN
$1.50 per day and up.

SPECIAL WEEKLY AND MONTHLY RATES
Write for compliment “Guide of Buffalo and Niag-
ara Falls.” Also Special Taxicab Arrangement.

C. A. MINER, Manager.

etFEST CTS 2
Sir EFL E MRR

Be

Meet me at the TULLER—For Value, Service, Home Comforte

\

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y New HOTEL TULLER
| DETROIT, MICHIGAN
X

|

Center of business on Grand Circus Park. Take
Woodward car, get off at Adams Avenue

ABSOLUTELY FIREPROOF :
200 Rooms, Private Bath, $1.50 Single, $2.50 Up Double |
200“ ae eek x Rae

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Tolal 600 Outside Rooms N

ALL ABSOLUTELY QUIET

New Unique Cafes

Two Floors—Agents’
and Cabaret Excel/ente

Sample Rooms

N
ee eS a a

THE DISAPPEARANCE OF GAME

Clement Kaufman

yO doubt, every hunter some time or
NX other, has returned home after a hard
day’s hunt, weary, disgusted—and game-

less.

He has hunted over his old favorite hunting
ground, where game was always plentiful be-
ore, the signs of which could be seen every-
where.

But today, he could not even find an old
sign, or the slightest clew as to their where-
abouts.

Then again, one will find game in abundance
in a country, that he never even thought
worth hunting before.

I have spent several winters hunting in
western Canada, and well I remember the
different times I have returned home dis-
poses after hunting a certain strip of timber
and.

The following year, this same strip of tim-
ber seemed to be alive with deer. and almost
every hunter and even most all of the tender-
feet secured their deer.

The large game seems to move at certain
intervals; but what becomes of our smaller
game? This question, I have never been able
to solve to my entire satisfaction.

It would be hard to describe, just how thick
the small game was, the first three winters I
spent in Western Canada.

The ruffed grouse, ‘the finest of game birds’,
were everywhere—every bush and tree seemed
to harbor a flock of these noble birds.

In the spring, when they were drumming, it
was one unending boom.

But where have they all gone now? One
may tramp the woods all day, and he is lucky
if he sees one single bird.

The snow-shoe rabbit was even more
numerous than the grouse; in fact they were a
pest to the settlers.

I have seen large trees, that had fallen over
night, stripped of every inch of their bark by
morning.

But these I think, have died off, for during
the fall of 1914, the ground was covered witn
their remains and you could find rabbits
that were still alive, but unable to use their
hind-quarters.

The plump prairie chicken, which arose
from the grass with a whirr®’ as we crossed
some open glade, has disappeared with grouse
and rabbits, even the little red squirrel is not
as numerous as he was.

If the birds had disappeared gradually, I
would think the settlers ana fires haa de-
stroyed them. But no! where they were thick
in the fall—there were none in the spring.
And where I once heard a frequent drumming
a stillness now reigns. How I loved to sit and
listen to that soft drumming, as all through
the night the noble cock proclaimed his love
to his more modest mate.

Have we seen the last of these noble birds,
or like the human beings, are they having a
great war in some other country?

Let us hope the noble bird will not become
extinct, like the wild pigeon of old, but will
increase and reign again, at the head of all
other game birds, where he belongs.

OFFER TO CANADIAN SCHOOLS

At the last annual meeting of the Com-
mission of Conservation, Dr. Gilbert
Pearson, secretary of the National Associa-
tion of Audubon Societies, of New York, gave
a very interesting and instructive address on
Bird Reservations.

The Association is international in its scope,
and an outstanding feature of its work for the
protection of bird life is the education of
children to a love of wild birds. Dr. Pearson
has kindly arranged to extend to Canadian
school children all the advantages of this
work, and it is hoped that school principals
and teachers will interest their pupils in the
great work of saving Canada’s wild bird life.

To this end Dr. Pearson says: ‘‘For the
past few years we have engaged in systematic
organization of the school children into classes
for bird study and bird protection. The
children each pay a fee of ten cents, and re-
ceive material which costs us much more than
that to publisa and place in their hands. This
consists of a series of excellent coloured pict-
ures of birds, together with outline drawings,
which the children, by means of water colours
or crayons, can fill in and thus fasten in their

200

minds the correct colouring of the various
birds. The children also receive a very pretty
bird-button bearing the words ‘Audubon
Society,’ To the teacher who forms a class
of ten or more, and sends in their fees to the
Audubon Society, 1974 Broadway Avenue,
New York, there will be forwarded free for one
year the magazine Bird Lore and other matter
on the subject of bird study. In 1915 about
150,000 children were thus organized in the
United States.

Dr. Pearson further states: “As a further
indication that there is nothing of a commer-
cial character about this proposition, I may
say that this work last year cost us at the rate
of 26 cents for each child enrolled. For the
present school year we have at our disposal
a fund of $26,000 to use in this work, and I.
shall be very happy to share the advantages
of this plan with the children of Canada.”

There is thus placed before our school
teachers an opportunity to interest pupils in
this branch of nature study and at the same
time secure for themselves valuable material
to assist them in their work.

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

F Pace Rods sal Tackle

A Large Stock at the Right Prices

Hand Traps for throwing “Artificial
Birds or Targets, $1.98 each, regular
$4.50.

12 Gauge GREENER double ham-
merless ejector Gun, value $135.00
for $75.00.

We have an immense variety of
Rods, Lines, Reels, Hooks, Nets,
Gaffs, Sinkers, Floats, Swivels, Bait
Pails, Leaders, Flies and Baits,—
including the New Tango, Star, Buf-
falo, Humdinger, Dowagiac, Coaxer,
Pflueger, and many others, too num-
erous to mention.

GET OUR PRICES BEFORE
PURCHASING. —

Fishing Rods, 15c to $25.00 each.
Steel Rods with cork handles, 95c up.
Split Bamboo Rods with cork handles,
89c up.

A large selection of beautiful Fly
Rods.

Bristol, Dowagiac,
Casting Rods.

BEST QUALITIES AT PRICES
LOWER THAN ANYWHERE ELSE
IN ONTARIO.

and other Bait

| We are giving VALUABLE CASH PRIZES AND MEDALS to the
Persons catching the largest Small-Mouth Black Bass or
Muskalonge with Our Tackle in Ontario.

We expect to do this every year.

ist Prize Bass—Solid gold medal and fifteen
dollars in gold.

2nd prize Bass—Silver medal and five dollars
in gold

3rd prize Bass—Handsome bronze medal.

ist prize Muskalonge—Solid gold medal and
ten dollars in gold.

2nd prize Muskalonge—Handsome bronze
medal.

Entries close on the 17th of September.

Prizes distributed on the ist of October.

Everybody will have a square deal.

Sporting Goods Co.

429 YONGE STREET

201

I GUNS, RIFLES, AMMUNITION |

:

TORONTO, ONTARIO |

AL

Invisibility
. The Joe Welsh Leader is col-
\\\ orless and has no knots. A
size forevery fish. Strength,
4to 30 pounds; length, 3to9
| feet. Highest endorsements

‘obertsons Original | y) from anglers — this ad
and 25 cents for 3-foot sam-
\ “Telarafia Nova") ple. Other lengths in pro-
\\ No Knots - No Splices| // portion. Write N
Strong, Durable.

Y) Joe Welsh
Pasadena, Cal.
Sole Agent U. S.and Canada

en le. ZA
cr S—, =

|

Established 1853. Present Manu-
‘ facturers 49 Years’ Experience.

The Original
Penetangs

Are made only by the Gendron Pene-
tang Shoepack Mfg. Co.. inventors of
drawstring sh oepacks. We are _re-
ceiving daily orders from ‘‘The
Boys at the Front” $10.00 is our
) rice for knee length. hand welted,
han sewn, trench pack, sporting,
prospector’s or survey or’s boots.

Catalog jue with] MeasureForm on request

GENDRON PENETANG

SHOEPACK MFC. CO.
PENETANG. ONT.. CANADA

202 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

Rempggion

66 Prize Winners

at Dominion Shoot

Used Remington UMC shells. We are listing some of them here. _ It’s
the same story wherever you go. Men who are out to win look to
Remington UMC to get them results) Our 100 years’ of skill and ex-
perience—our standards—our tests—all guarantee absolute satisfaction
to the shooter, at the traps or in the field.

Read over this list—then try Remington UMC yourself.

Some Remington UMC shooters who won at
the Dominion Game Protective and Trap-

Ist. W.M. Hamilton, Winnipeg, Score 146

2nd. A. F. Healy, W indsor, Score 145.

GLASS BOWL prizes for High Gun in each event showell
Ten events, 15 targets each, Winner;

Edgar Sturt, Hamilton, Score 145.

GLASS BOWL prizes for High Gun in each event showed

shooting Association held at Cobourg, Ont.,
June 5, -6, 7, $
PRELIMINARY DAY
Five events, 20 targets each, Winner;
W. M. Hamilton, Winnipeg, Score 97.
(It was Mr. Hamilton’s first participation in a big tournament.)
FIRST DAY
Ten events, 15 targets each, Winners;
7 winners for Remington UMC out of 10.
SECOND DAY
7 winners for Remington UMC out of 10.

The Stephen Duncan Cup was won by A. F. Healy
of Windsor, using Remington UMC Pump Gun
and Remington Shells.

This is the sign to look for—the more progressive dealers show
it. They carry a full line of Remington UMC shells. “Arrow’’,
“Nitro Club” (steel lined) and ‘‘Remington’”. Ail smokeless.
Also Remington UMC Pump and Automatic Shot Guns—the
world’s Standard.

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA: 203

Remember all these
Winners are Amateurs

It’s the splendid record of Remington UMC in the hands of the
average shooter that gives it world wide popularity.

FIRST AND SECOND DAY HIGH GUN

This was a gruelling contest and a tie was shot off showing Mr. Edgar Sturt,
Hamilton, the winner. He’s a staunch Remington UMC user.

THIRD DAY

Event 1. Two man championship of Canada, 25 targets per man.
Winning Team, H. Smith, 24 and D. Smith 24, of Chatham. Total
Score, 48—with Remington UMC.

The NEXT THREE teams also used Remington UMC, three scores being
all tied at 47.

Event 2. Eight man team championship of Canada, 25 targets per man.
Winning Team No. 1, Stanley Gun Club, Toronto, Score 181, seven out
of the eight being Remington UMC users.

Winning Team No. 2, all Remington UMC users.

Event 3. Five man championship of Canada ‘‘Mail Trophy’ 50 targets
per man.
Winning Team No. 1, Hamilton Gun Club, ali used Remington UMC
shells, Score 229.
Winning Team No. 2, four out of five Remington UMC users, Score 221.

Event 5. Consolation Handicap at 50 Targets, Winner, Mr. C. S. King,
Score 44, used Remington UMC shells.

LONG RUNS

Here’s a splendid but consistent Remington UMC record. Twenty-two “‘long
runs’’, all by amateurs:

W. M. Hamilton Hie B95) 257-59 J. Hunter 58
P. Wakefield, 55 G. L. Vivian 55
A. E. Millington 50 Major Singer 5
W. A. Smith 56 W. Dillon 5
J. W. Hart ite) way? E. Sturt 53
W.H. Gooderham 57 66 H. Lennox 76
A. F. Healy 54 M. Goodale 61
E. W. Salisbury 60

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(Contractors to the British Imperial and Colonial Governments).

London, Eng. WINDSOR, ONT. New York, U.S.A.

What’s the moral? Shoot Remington-UMC and get in the money. [ ADO 2 i

You’re only shooting for one reason—to get sport and results. Nh, —s ras

Remington UMC gets you both. ae “g
Remington Arms Union Metallic Cartridge Co. re

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“BY THEIR DOGS SHALL YE KNOW
THEM” ;

NE way to tell a man’s character is by
() the company he keeps, a writer in the
Kennel Review says; another way to tell
a man’s character is by the dog he keeps. A
dog invariably grows to be like its master in
disposition, and there is something about the
certain breed of dogs which a man prefers that
gives an insight to his character. Show mea
man that keeps a yard full of long-eared
hounds that bay you with a ‘“‘deep-mouth wel-
come’ when you ride up, and I will show you
a man that never turns a stranger from his
door hungry. And though he may sometimes
be slow to pay his debts, he never pleads limi-
tation on a note. I could go on with this
character reading until every breed of dogs 1 in
existence had been exhausted, but I’d be
bound to step on somebody’s toes.

Every true woman will lie for her child,
and every true man will lie for his dog. In
one respect dogs and children are very much
alike; when we try to show them off they al-
ways disgrace us.

I went out hunting once with a little doc-
tor who owned a pointer dog whose good
qualities he had praised extravagantly. I felt
sorry for the doctor from the beginning of the
hunt tothe end. But I found him to be a true
man, for he lied for his dog to the very last.
That pointer bitch ignored the commands of
her master entirely. She stood rabbits,
lizards, gophers, mice and everything except
quail, and she was as careless about the birds
a if she had never scented one before in her
ife.

Finally the dejected doctor separated
from me, and his-dog followed him. He was
on one side of a ravine and I was on the
other, and I happened to be looking at him
when he walked right square into a big covey
of quail. He jerked his gun up to his should-
er and fired twice. I crossed over to where
he was, and this was the first thing he said:
“You ought to have seen my dog; she sure

made a pretty stand.’ His dog wasn’t within
a hundred yards of the birds when they
flushed.

You can teach a smart dog almost any-
thing, but you can explain nothing to him.
An old bear hunter once told me a pathetic
story that bears out this statement.

‘“‘When I first came to these parts”’ said
the old pioneer ‘“‘there were a good many bear
in the swamp around my clearing. I had an
old bear-hound named Spot and with the help
of Old Spot I killed a bear every now and
then but there was an old he-bear that seemed
to hold a charmed life. He sometimes stole
my corn in broad daylight, and then made a
clean get-away in spite of all that me and Old
Spot could do. Old Spot had learned the
scent of this bear, and was hungry for his
blood.

‘Early one foggy morning I heard the
cornstalks rattling, and I knew that the old
besr was making a raid. I directed Old Spot
to the corn field, and then took down my old
muzzle loading rifle and ran down to the lower
corner of the clearing to where a patch led
off to the swamp. I heard old Spot open up.
and before I could steady myself here come

the bear right down the path, with Old Spot.

not forty yards behind. I took aim and pulled
the trigger and my rifle snapped. The fog
had dampened the powder in the nipple. The
old bear didn’t even drop his roasting ears.
When Old Spot got to where I was standing
he stopped and sat down on his hunkers and
looked up into my tace as if to say, “Why
didn’t you shoot?’ I would have given my
best horse if I could have explained to him,
but I couldn’t.make him understand, and from
eae day on Old Spot would never run another
ear.

Tis not often that a dog learns a trick of

his own, but I once knew an old black-mouthed
cur dog that did. This dog belonged to a

settler who worked a farm adjoining my own. |

204

ee se ee i ee

af ae fm [cae fem fe cafe

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

Delightful af-
ter shaving —
neutral tint—
antiseptic and

rotective.

as the dis-
tinctive _ per-
fume and pac-

with the mas-
culine.

SHAVING x

Send 10 cts. for medium
sized trial tube and Sree
can of Mennen's ‘‘Tal-
cum for Men” to

H.F.Ritchie & Co. Ltd.
Sales Agents

10 McCaul Street

Toronto, Ont.

ENNEN’S 4s especially
advantageous when
shaving under difficulties.

In camp or while travelling you may |
not always be near hot water—or

soft water. But Mennen’s is inde- [=]
pendent of water conditions—hot or
cold—hard or soft water—instantly
produces a rich abundant lather that

softens the beard, and makes even

a dull razor rejoice.

There's no free caustic in Mennen’s and

there’s no “‘rubbing in” required. Mennen [=]
saves you time and torture, and turns the

nuisance of shaving into the nearest ap- I

proach to a pleasure that shaving can
ever hope to be.

Be sure your kit contains Mennen’s,

206

The cur always followed the boys to the
field and chased rabbits while his master
worked, or slept, as the case might be. There
was a hollow tree on the fence-row which di-
vided our fields, and naturally every rabbit
that was hard pressed made for that tree. But
the hollow in the tree was not deep, and that
old cur had learned that it took just three rab-
bits to fill it, and that the third one could
not get far enough to save herself. The dog
had learned to count three rabbits just as
well as any man could have done. He would
run the first rabbit just far enough to see that
it went into the hollow, and without wasting
a moment’s time he would go hack to hunt
for number two. When number two was safe-
ly ‘‘jugged’”’ he went back for number three.
and when number three tried to crowd in he
rushed up to the tree and seized it, ate it up
and then laid down in the shade and went to
sleep. This dog could not reason that there
were still two rabbits in the hollow, and that
he could make another catch very easily. One
rabbit a day was all that he ever caught.

One day when the old dog had run two
rabbits in the hollow and had gone back to
hunt the third, I pulled the two rabbits out
of the hole and made way with them. The
dog was dumfounded when he ran the third
rabbit in and found it was securely hidden.
He gnawed at the hole for several hours, and
finally gave up in despair. And the strangest
thing of all was, it spoiled bis trick for good;
he could never count three again.

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

I have seen a good many intelligent dogs
but the smartest dog I ever knew was a
pointer bitch which we owned several years
ago. This dog was not only intelligent, but
she had a mother instinct that was almost
human. Her first litter of pups were mongrels.
Now everybody who knows anything at all
about dogs knows that a cold-blooded pointer
is the most worthless dog in the world.
one is fit for is to kill chickens and break up
quail nests.

When the pups were only a few hours old
we took them off on a creek bank and killed
them with a stick. But it was not long until
we found out that we had made a great mis-
take. The next morning when I went to the
kennel I found the mother with all of the dead
puppies hugged close up to her breast. We
took the puppies then and burned them, but
that did not end it. The next morning the
mother came whining to the house, and in her
mouth was the stick that had slain her babies.

We burned the stick up also, but that was
not the end. The broken-hearted dog went
out and found a little, muddy, half-starved
kitten. She took it to the kennel and suckled
it and raised it. When we went to the field
to work the dog went too, and in her mouth
she carried the kitten and when she came home
she brought the kitten with her. They were
the best of triends for a long time, but the
cat was a “Tommy” and when he reached the
full age of maturity he heard the “‘call of the
neighborhood”’ and wandered out into the
world, as all Tom cats are accustomed to do

AN OFT QUOTED TRIBUTE TO
A DOG

“The following tribute to a dog,” writes
Mr. D. J. McKay of Stavely, Alta., ““mav be
-of interest to the readers of your Kennel De-
partment. It was delivered in the form of a
speech by Senator Vest of Missouri during the
trial of a man who had wantonly shot a
neighbor’s dog. Vest represented the plain-
tiff who demanded $2.00 damages. When
Vest had finished speaking and the jury had
deliberated for a few minutes the plaintiff
was awarded $5.00 damages instead of the
$2.00 asked. The text of the speech follows:

“Gentlemen of the jury: The best friend a
man has in this world may turn against him
and become his enemy. His son or his
daughter that he has reared with loving care
may prove ungrateful. Those who are near-
est and dearest to us, those whom we trust
with our happiness and our good name may
become traitors to their faith, The money
that a man has he may lose. It flies away
from him perhaps when he needs it most. -A
man’s reputation may be sacrificed in a
moment of ill considered action. The people
who are prone to fall on their knees to do us
honor when success is with us may be the first
to throw the stone of malice when failure set-
tles upon our heads. The one absolutely
unselfish friend that man can have in this
selfish world, thefone whomever deserts him,

the one that never proves ungrateful or treach-
erous, is his dog.

-“““Gentlemen of the jury, a man’s dog
stands by him in prosperity and in poverty,
in health and in sickness. He will sleep on the

cold ground when the wintry winds blow and
the snow drives fiercely if only he may be near
his master’s side. He will kiss the hand that
has no food to offer, he will lick the wounds
and sores that come from encounters with
the rough world, he guards the sleep of his
pauper master as if he were a prince when all
other friends desert he remains, when riches
take wings and reputation falls to pieces he
is as constant in his love as the sun in its
journey through the heavens. If misfortune
drives the master forth an outcast in the
world, friendless and homeless though he may
be the faithful dog asks no higher privilege
than that 01 accompanying him to guard him
against dangers, to fight his enemies and when
the last scene of all comes and death takes the
master in its embrace and his body is laid
away in the cold ground no matter if all other
friends pursue their way there by his grave-
side will the noble dog be found, his head
between his paws, his eyes sad but open in
apes, watehtulness faithful and true even to
eath.

:
:

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

surface Plugs for
=Hot Weather Casting

That’s the time when you can coax them to the surface;
the time when you can get the most enjoyment. We
show here three tried and proven South
Bend surface baits. Proven fish-getters.
The Woodpecker, which is made in
Stancardand Midget sizes is a well-known
-* bait among Anglers. Its collar head is

econcaved and creates astrong riffle, which
seems irresistible to the gamy fellows. €
The South Bend Surf Orenois a float-
ing bait that has proven a big killer. The
bait rides very high,so the spinners cut the P
= . water,creating just the proper com-
= : motion to make it most attractive.

And—the wonderful Bass Oreno
(wobbler) bait. Ask anyone who has
- used it or try it yourself and you
will never be without this remarkable fish-getter.

These baits can be secured at most sporting goods stores. Read
**The Days of Real Sport’’—abook you will never forget. Sent free.
South Bend Bait Co. 8266 W. Colfax Ave., south Bend, Ind.

Makers of the famous South Bend Anti-Back-Lash
TRY THIS

Here’s oil that keeps guns and rifles in per-
fect condition. Dissolves the residue of all
black and smokeless powders, including Cordite.
Acts instantly—stops corrosive action—posi- J
tively removes and prevents rust andcutsof ===
dirtand gum. The wonderful properties of mee:

MARBLE’ SOLVENT OIL

make it an absolute necessity to every gun owner. It's
a perfect lubricant and polish as well as a rust prevent-
ative. 2-oz. bottle 25c; 6-oz. can 50c. Postage 10c extra.
Direct by mail if your dealer hasn't it. Write today
for free trial bottle. Mention your dealer’sname. Ask
for catalog Marble’s 60 specialties for sportsmen.
“MARBLE ARMS & MFG. CO.
£9] Jelta Ave., Gladstone, Mich.
121

eee

The Charm of a Brown Canoe

You can paddle in any old canoe, but to paddle in
comfort and safety and style you must have a
“Brown”. t has all the romance of the Indian |
birch bark with greater reliability and strength. )|
Send for catalogue. - - ‘‘BROWN BOAT” I
FACTORY, Lakefield, Ont.

H brings Illustrated Trappers’
A Dime ee

Guide. It tells how. Giving
the first time in print the treasured secretsof
the wisest old trappers in this country, it’s
worth dollars to you.

TRAPPERS’ SUPPLY CO.
3OXC. - - - OAK PARK, ILL.
(CSS i ee

|) SAFETY LIGHTS

Twenty-one men, two bat-

tered boats, an angry sea—
and then night fell. Adrift in open
boats, the crew of the steamer “‘Kan-
awha’’—abandoned ninety-five miles
southeast of Cape Hatteras on March
16th, 1916—had practically, given up
all hope. ;

But by a twist of fate one of the crew,
on leaving the steamer, had taken with

himanEVEREADY Flashlight.
Water-soaked though it was, this lit-
tle light did not fail. Miles away the
steamer “Santa Marta’ sighted its
bright flashes and, recognizing them
as a signal of distress, came at full
speed to the rescue.

Thus were the lives of twenty-one men saved
by this “light of preparedness”, EVEREADY
—the same light that may some day serve you
with equal faithfulness in one of the emer-
gencies of this uncertain world.

EVEREADY lights with long-lived Tungsten

Batteries are obtainable in many stvles, 75c

up, dealers everywhere. Get yours today.
Canadian National
Carbon Company, Ltd.

Toronto, Ontario

208

August and September being the two issues
that will be on the news stands during the
Toronto Exhibition we advise fanciers, breed-
ers and dealers in dog supplies to advertise
in these two numbers. Besides being the
opening of the shooting season your adver-
tisements will reach directly those who are
very much interested in such lines.

To give breeders an opportunity of prov-
ing the value of Rod and Gun as an adver-
tising medium we are repeating our special
rate of one inch for $2.00 per issue for ad-
vertising their Kennels.

September, the opening of the shooting
season, we will feature gun dogs ; retrievers,

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

(Chesepeakes, Irish water Spaniels, Labra-
dors) Spaniels ; setters and pointers ; ter-
riers (Airedales and fox). We will try to
point out which is the most useful all-round
gun dog. We invite correspondence on this
subject. Send in your experiences and photos

of dogs at work. -.

An English paper commits the following:—

Gentleman: But I am afraid he wouldn’t
make a good watch dog.

Man (with Bull Terrier): Not a. good
watch dog! Why, Lor’ bless your ’art, it was
only last week that wery animal ’eld a burglar
down by the throat and beat ’is brains out
with “is tail.

DISTEMPER IN DOGS

ISTEMPER and its attendant diseases
pneumonia and chorea are the most
fatal of canine diseases. A dog can live

through a bad case of mange, worms or other
ailments, in fact may get along quite well with
any of them but once they get distemper and
it is let run unchecked for a couple of weeks,
the owner of the dog thinking it probably
only a cold, it is in most cases impossible to
save the dog.

If your dog appears to have a cold, lies
curled up in a corner, refuses to eat and there
is any yellow discharge from nose and eyes
you may believe that he is getting distemper.
So make sure to have a vet. or doctor take
his temperature. If there is a rise above
normal which is 101 degrees then treat him
immediately and assiduously for distemper
and you can easily pull him through. In most
cases in young dogs distemper can be “‘nipped
in the bud” and by some considered to do the
dog more good than harm inasmuch that the
dog is considered distemper proof ever after-
wards.

If you have already posted yourself with
the book of medicines as provided by such
firms as Glover’s or Spratt’s you will know
what to do. It will plainly be seen that the
dog should be placed in a dry warm and
secluded place. Give him first of all a wine
glass full of castor oil then follow directions
given in the above mentioned books. If you

cannot obtain these remedies and the clinical
thermometer shows a couple of degrees rise
in temperature then get from the drug store
some aspirin tablets and give two every four
or five hours until the temperature has sub-
sided, for in the initial stages so long as the
temperature can be kept down, the dog is on a
fair way to recovery. On the second and
following days a couple of solol tablets a day
will do wonders in healing the inflamed con-
ditions of the bowels. The discharge from
nose and eyes must be sponged off often with
warm water and listerene and the bedding be
kept clean and dry.

After three or four days the patient should
brighten up and take to tempting food. If
after the third or fourth day he still refuses to
eat, administer nourishing foods such as
malted milk, meat pieces, or eggs. If the dog
is purged give boiled rice or corn starch with
the milk.

Throughout the illness it is better to keep
the dog in a flannel blanket or coat so as to
keep off draughts and chills and make him
snug and warm. ;

While the dog is on the sick list his usual
quarters in the shed should be thoroughly
cleaned out and disinfected; his kennel

placed out in the sun and lime washed inside ~

and out or gone over with a disinfectant. —

A pamphlet that contains new, live and
interesting matter with regard to cats in their
relation to birds has been issued by the
Massachusetts State Board of Agriculture and
a copy will be sent on application to Wilfrid
Wheeler, Secretary, 136 State House, Boston,
Mass. The Domestic Cat as a bird killer,
mouser and destroyer of wild life is dealt with
in an exhaustive and entertaining way and
the author of the pamphlet Edward Howe
Forbush, State Ornithologist, also outlines
means of utilizing and controlling it. The
book is illustrated by a number of pictures
showing the destruction wrought by stray cats
to insectivorous birds and harmless wild
animals such as the rabbit and the squirrel.

A shovel for motorists and campers, sold
under the name Ideal and advertised else-
where in this issue, is made by the Ideal Mfg.
Co., North Kansas City, Mo. It will be
noted in the illustration that the Ideal Shovel
has a telescoping handle. This adjustable
feature permits using the shovel with a short,
half or full length handle, or when not in
use the handle telescopes into the hollow
part of the blade so that the shovel can be

placed in any ordinary tool box. The blade
is made of carbon steel and measures 634
by 3% inches. The length of the handle

extended is 16 inches and the total weight
is 2 pounds.

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 209

imeya uded (jarage Rent!

an i

ow: Wil

i Paying out cold cash every
= bh. GF month to fatten some garage
ee ine t yy keeper’s purse was always a

ri > re | allie: wasteful way of keeping up a
A mali car, and more particularly

now, when

naw GARAGES

bring right to your door the con-
veniences of a beautiful, durable
garage all your own. Pays for itself
twice over in no time. Clean, sani-
tary, fits any car. Comesin sections made
of sheet metal, portable, easily erected.
Let your garage rent go to beautify your
home grounds with a Pedlar Garage.
low in price as will buy a good garage.
Write for the Perfect Garage Booklet R.G.

THE PEDLAR PEOPLE, LIMITED

(Established 1861)
Executive Office and Factories; Oshawa, Ont.

SEN
lw |

]

Nii

Branches; Montzeal - Ottawa - Toronto - London - Winni
peg

Well, who doesn’t? When you come to
Toronto stop at a house whose diningroom
service is famous from coast to coast for
good eating, quick, courteous service and
reasonable prices. Our diningroom is our
hobby as well as an important part of our
business. We havea pridein it and our
constant effort is to keep on increasing its
fame. And every other department is
right in line—large, bright bedrooms,
beautiful tiled bathrooms, luxurious furn-
ishings, and everything else the most
fastidious travelercan require for comfort,
convenience and economy.

One minute’s walk from the Union Station
brings you to

The Walker House

Toronto’s Famous Hotel
EE Geo. Wright & Co., Preprietors

TOURNAMENT DATES.

June 29th, 30th and July 1Ist—Canadian Indians’
Annual Trap-shooting Tournament and Pow-Wow at
Burlington Beach, Ont. High Scribe, W. T. Ely,
Imperial Bank Building, King and Sherbourne Streets,
Toronto.

Aug. 7th and 8th, 1916—Eagle Gun Club Registered

fournament, Brantford, Ont. Wm. Doherty, Secretary,
Eagle Place P.O., Brantford, Ont.

The Canadian Indians Eleventh Annual Tourna-
ment and Pow-wow will be held at Burlington, Ont.
on the grounds of the Brant Park Hotel overlooking
Lake Ontario on June 29th, 30th and July Ist.

Ten beautiful trophies will be given for the events of
the first day. The F. I. Fox Trophy will also be shot
for on this day ard a Canadian Indian two-man team
event of 25 targets will be shot for which handsome
trophies have been donated by Chief Paper Maker and
the tribe. Ten beautiful trophies will also be offered
for the first ten events to be shot off on June 30th the
second day of the Tournament. Besides this for event
11, Mr. Jennings has donated three handsome prizes
for the three high guns in this event, the J. E. Jen-
nings Special. All competitors in this event must use
a pump gun and have the privilege of shooting as
many Shells as their gun will hold at each pair (twenty-
five pair doubles).

Event 12 is a Tribe Shoot for Indians only who must

{ Trophies
are to be given the winners of first and second in this
event. ,

Ten events, from which previous winners are barred,
will afford an opportunity to win another ten fine

be in costume. This event is at 25 targets.

trophies, one for each event. Event 11 is a Special
Event, open, Twenty-five dollars added. The Queen’s
Royal Hotel Cup is to be competed for by Five Man
Teams on this day also the Henry Butt Trophy in a
fifty targets Special Handicap (16 to 22 yards) event.

Three hundred dollars in cash will be given for High
Average on all regular events of June 29th, 30th and
July 1st as follows: First ten men, Fifteen dollars each,
second ten men, Ten dollars each, third ten men, Five
dollars each. In order for a man to participate in this
high average money he must compete in all regular
events of the first, second and third days.

Mr. F. I. Fox has given a 20 gauge shotgun to be
competed for, this event being open to all amateurs
who must use a 20-gauge shotgun. A good supply of
these guns will be on hand and will be loaned free of
charge.

The prize list in the Grand Merchandise Event will
be large and valuable.

At the conclusion of the regular program on Satur-
day, July 1st, a Consolation Event will be given for the
Amateur Competitors who have competed in all the
regular events of June 29, 30 and July Ist and have
not won a daily trophy.

DOMIMINION OF CANADA GAME PROTECTIVE
AND TRAP SHOOTING ASSOCIATION
ANNUAL TOURNAMENT

The Annual Meeting and Trap Shooting Tourna-
ment of The Dominion Game Protective and Trap
Shooting Association took place this year at Cobourg,
June 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th, and brought together
a gathering of the crack shots of Canada. The tourna-
ment was held on the grounds of the Cobourg Horse
Show Association which are beautifully situated over-
looking Lake Ontario and make ideal shooting grounds,
as the shooters shoot directly into a clear sky line.
Unfortunately the weather conditions were very bad,
high winds and rain’ prevailing most of the time
making the birds difficult, but in spite of which some
excellent shooting was done as a look over the scores
will show.

The Cobourg Gun Club under whose auspices the
shoot was held are deserving of great credit for the
manner in which all arrangements were made, and in
the punning off of the tournament, which in spite of
the adverse weather conditions was a splendid suc-
cess and run off in such a manner that everyone was
thoroughly satisfied, much of the credit being due
to the splendid work done by Mr. Chas. McCallum,
the secretary of the Cobourg Gun Club on whom
a large share of the preliminary work naturally fell,
and who proved himself to be the right man in the
right place, and in his endeavors to make the shoot
a success he was very loyally backed up by his fellow
members as well as the citizens of the town generally.

The annual meeting of the association was held in
the spacious cafe of the Arlington-Columbian Hotel
Tuesday and Wednesday evenings and was attended
by a large and representative membership. :

The retiring President Mr. R. A. Sibbett occupied
the chair and presented the report of the association
for the year which, with a few minor amendments,
showed a very satisfactory condition of affairs, and
was confirmed by the vote of those present. _

After the election of officers for the ensuing year,
and the transaction of routine business had been dis-
posed of, some very interesting and instructive dis-
cussions took place, relative to matters of interest to
the association, in which most of the members took
part.

; The election of officers for the year resulted as fol-
ows:—

President—Mr. W. A. Smith, Kingsville, Ont.

Ist Vice-Pres—Mr. C. S. King, Windsor, Ont.

2nd Vice-Pres—Mr. Frank Stott, Essex, Ont.

Sec.-Treas—Mr. A. N. Lawrence, Ford, Ont.

Ex.-Com.—Harry Smith, Chatham, Ont.; S. G.
Vance, Tillsonburg, Ont.; A. F. Healey, Windsor,
Ont.;: R. M. Morton, Windsor, Ont.

Next annual meeting and tournament to be_ held
at Sandwich, Ont., under the auspices of the Essex
Country Club, is August, 1917.

Those who shot in the regular events and their scores are as follows:—

2 3 4 5
19 19 20 19 18 95
20 18 19 19 16 92
19 20 18 19 19 95
18 17 19 20 18 92
17 18 19 19 19 92
19 17 20 16 18
13 18 20 18 20 89
18 19 18 17 19 91
19 16 19 18 Lo ke 88

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 211

High Class

SPORTING OR TRENCH
BOOTS

They are being worn in the trenches
now, giving complete satisfaction.

Our 309 Special is MADE BY HAND, on
a Boot-shaped Last, with patent stiffened
heel. SOLID COMFORT AND DRY
FEET INSURED.

PRICE $12 PER PAIR NET

Give following measurements:—
1. Length of foot, or size of ordinary boot worn.

2 Height required: 16 inch is regular height from sole of foot.
3. Size of calf. 4. Size of ankle.

MADE ONLY BY—

BEAL BROS., Limited

52 Wellington St. East, TORONTO, Ont.

Pleasure Outdoors This Summer—

Get one of these splendid little Rifles—FREE. It isn’t going to cost you any money—all
we want is a little of your spare time, and you have surely lots of that after school or on
holidays. Just think of eee a real accurate-shooting .22 calibre Rifle of your own.

And here’s your chance.

$5.00 BOY SCOUT RIFLE—FREE | Five New Yearly Subscriptions To

This Rifle is .22 calibre, shoots .22 short, “Rod and Gun in Canada”
long or long rifle cartridges. Guaranteedfor |
either black or smokeless powder. Barrel |
22 in. long. Weight 334 pounds. Hammer |

at $1.50 per year, and we will ship this handsome
little rifle, all charges prepaid to any address in

breech block, trigger, extractor, and three Canadaor U.S.A. Ask your dad for the names of

springs of tempered steel, are all the work- some of his sportsman friends. Call around and see
| ing parts. Barrel and action detachable | them. Get them interested and they will be only
| from stock for convenience in carryin too glad to subscribe to Canada’s Leading Sporting
| 5 2 ying. | Magazine. Begin at once and send for Sample
| All you have to do is tosend us Copies, Subscription Blanks, etc., today.

ADDRESS: PREMIUM DEPT.

W. J. Taylor, Limited, Publishers, Woodstock, Ont.

212 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

15 16 13 15 76

15 17 18 17 83

15 16 15 16 78

18 14 17 16 81

19 18 19 20 89

16 Le 19 16 86

20 19 19 19 97

BERLE WOU GIG etna Bec i nk oe Ae fat alana 16 Lz. 16 17 80
LUISE se eto tn sae ace ce Roa eee a ena Pa So le Pm a 16 15 17 15 79
1 24 4 5 6 Zi 8 9 10 shot at.Broke.

13 15 13 15) 15 15 ie 14 14 150 39

14 14 iy 13 14 15 14 14 11 13 134

14 14 15 15 15 14 14 13 15 15 144

14 14 15 14 14 14 14 13 14 15 141

12ie 15 14 it 15 lo 15 15 TAR 140

13 15 1: es 2 5; 14 15 Ne 715) 13 14 142

15 14 15 14 14 15 15 13 14 15 144

15 14 14 14 14 15 14 14 14 15 143

5 13 15 15 14 13 15 14 13 15 14 141

AS HS Millingtonen) seed ae es 13 13 14 15 15 14 14 15 15 14 142
BG Whitelist See ee ee 15 13 15 15 14 14 14 15 14 15 144
jy. Jt Eleney. 13 11 14 14 14 14 13 15 15 14 137
Geo. Easdale 13 14417123, 5 14 11 Bye wal sy 12 12 8 122
Ed. O’Connor 14 14 15 13 13 fsa wa 15 14 15 137
PAs Heney ....:... Le oe 12 ie 11 10 12 tl LAA) 19 See al 120
W H. Gooderham 15 15 15 2) AeA eet 1b 15 D5: * Seo ee: 143
BR OVOIM 8 eo e Soc eae 15 14 iS. a4 Ase t4 1135 12)-) 2 Tseeratey 135
Norman....... ee oe ee to 15 14 14 15 15 14 14 14 14 13 142
SOLIS. .2 6250 ee eee 13 14 14 13 11 14 15 15 15 13 137
G@ashmiore:..... SNe srt es ee SRS, 14 14 wb a EY Te saa 3 he (ee tengo nel (ce! 14 + 1394

Po hs Te wal,

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

213

ees EF ROSTCO COMBINATION

GOING FISHING?

CERTAINLY.

Then buy your rods, reels, tango
minnows, lines, flies and other
fishing necessities of us. We can
supply you with just what you want.

Unponsantna

cE

ne
‘ ye

ath:

1
4) iE: Tis TON
elotdedn as oT ONG “
Sagenvewnveny: ial
ON WRITES

TE Fon em danse

GILL NETS mounted with floats
and leads ready for the water—
15c per yard. Give size of mesh
desired, stretched measure.

No. 44 JUSTRITE PEADLIGHT

is equipped with a self lighter, a lens giving diffused
light for the camp use and a special long distance lens
for hunting and canoeing.

{T WILL NOT BLOW OUT.
with cap delivered to you $4.50.

JUSTRITE CAMP LAMPS

with self lighter at $1.25, $1.50 and $2.00, by mail
10c extra,

CANOES, CAMP STOVES, TENTS, GUNS,
TRAPS, and SPORTSMEN’S SUPPLIES at
lowest prices. CATALOG FREE

aohnyalian No. 917 Hallam

Building
ter LORONTO

Price complete

Did You Get
Your Copy

F not, we have it wait-

ing for your nameand

address. Sendacard
and you will get astory that
will carry ,you back to the time
when you “really lived’’—back to
the days we all love to recollect.
It is illustrated by a famous car-
toonist. Besides a story that will
make your blood tingle, it contains a =
lot of helpful hints and valuable in
formation on the sport of Angling ‘
that will be appreciated by both beginners and the
most critical of Anglers. Write for your copy today.

South Bend Bait Company, 8294 W. Colfax Ave., South Bend, Ind.

\3
3
E
t

9x“ft
BAIT

9nft
REY

8 in 1

STEEL ROD

—

REINFORCED JOINTS,
FROST’S PATENT
LOCKING REEL SEAT,
GUARANTEED

A 9!'4 Foot Rod makes
} the following’ different 1
| styles:

First—9!'4 ft. Regular Fly
Rod.

Second—9!4 ft. Bait by re-
versing the handle.
Third—6 ft. 8 in. Fly by
taking out the butt joint
and using the reducer
which is always in the
butt of the rod.
Fourth—6 ft. 8 in. Bait by
reversing the handle,
taking out the reducing
plug and putting in the | {
other end of the handle. |
Fifth—7 ft. 2 in. Fly by us-
ing the butt joint and
second joint and the
short tip in place of the
long tip.
Sixth—7 ft. 2 in. Bait by
reversing the handle.
Seventh—4 ft. 4in. Fly by
placing the second joint
in the reducing plug and
using the short tip in
the second joint.
Eighth — 4 ft. 4 in. Bait
Casting by reversing the
handle.

These Rods are madein
lengths lof 8ft., 8'44ft., 9
ft., 944 ft. and 10 ft. when /
put together regular with jj
the three long joints. 4

Price $3.00 Each| i

FLY RODS BAIT RODS

H. J. FROST & COMPANY

Mfrs. of Fishing Tackle, 90 Chambers St., New York

DEL.-REY WOBRBLER
For Casting or Trolling

All the efficiency of any wood minnow; more durable, casts
easier and more accurate as the air resistance is 75% less.

Imitating injured fish.
Nickel Plated, Polished
Price, 25c—at your dealer’ s.
If your deaier hasn't this in stock will forward to him, express paid.
Send for 28-page booklet, describing KELSO Tackle specialties.

H. J. FROST & CO., 90 Chambers Street, New York
Manufacturers of Fishing Tackle ae: 5

Perfect woubiing movement.
Size 3x1 inches—1-16 inch thick.
Brass or Copper.

214 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

Everybody Happy {
Geo. Dunk 11 15 14 14 11 14 15 15 12 14 135
Willis 15 15 13 14 12 Lo) 14 12 12 14 136
Tulloch...... 13 13 14 11 14 14 14 15 LD 12 132 |
McCallum 14 15 14 11 14 14 11 14 12 13 132 :
Jas. Payne. 15 14 15 15 14 13 13 15 11 14 139
Ed. Sturt 14 14 13 13 15 15 14 15 15 1 143
Lennox 15 11 15 15 11 14 15 15 15 15 141
Long 15 14 14 13 14 13 15 13 15 13 138
Dillon 15° 13. aS S13 105 oe ie een 134
Goodale. 14 13 15 15 14 14 14 11 13 14 137
Armour. 11 13 12 11 13 13 13 12 14 15 127
Feaks.. 12 12 15 12 14 15 12 14 14 14 134 |
Purser. 13 14 11 12 15 11 ie 15 14 14 121
Coon 13.14 13 Aa 212 S38 A ee 130 )
Mott 13 13 14 14 13 9 11 10 12 11 120 |
W. M. Hamilton 15 14 14 15 15 15 15 15 14 14 146 |
J. E..McCurdy 15 14 14 14 14 15 13 14 15 15 143 |
V. Heney. 1] 15 12 11 12 12 11 11 13 10 118 |
J. W. Vanderwort 10 11 14 9 9 12 11 9 13 14 112
Turley. 12 Le 11 14 13 11 13 14 14 12 129
Sid. Griffin.. 12 15 14 11 15 15 12 15 14 15 138
E. P. Wright.. i3 14 14 14 15 12 its; 15 12 15 137
G. Funneel.. 13 15 14 13 15 13 G3 14 12 13 BYE
G. Loner 10 9 8 13 7 8 11 10 12 12 100
J. Stevens 12 10 11 13 15 2 13 15 14 11 126
Lawrence 14 14 11 11 14 14 13 13 13 12 129
King.. 12 15 14 14 12 13 14 13 12 10 129
Healey.. 15 15 15 13 15 14 15 14 15 14 146
Drake 13 12 12 itn Peon Ie 14 10 12 11 12 120
Morton. 14 12 14 15 14 14 12 12 14 14 135
J Hunter. 14 15 15 14 14 15 13 12 15 14 141
B. Hurkin 13 12 14 11 12 13 13 13 12 13 126
R. B. Hutheson 15 15 14 12 14 11 13 12 14 14 154
B. Beattie. 13 13 15 15 14 14 15 13 15 15 142
G. Vivian. 13 13 15 14 15 14 14 14 15 13 140
H. Smith... 15 14 15 14 15 13 14 14 14 15 143
R. A. Sibbett.... 13 11 13 13 15 13 12 9 14 12 125
W. J. McCanse 15 14 13 14 15 13 15 13 14 12 138
Jim Vance 14 15 13 13 14 12 11 14 13 14 133
Fred Fox 11 9 12 13 14 10 14 14 15 14 126
Case... 13 13 12 10 10 12 11 11 13 15 120
Rolph. 11 15 7 i, 14 11 12 11 13 12 118
Hughes. 11 5 11 10 12 12 12 11 15 10 109
D. Smith. 15 15 14 15 15 12 12 14 15 15 142
Maior Singer. .. Pees 14 15 14 hs 14 13 15 15 14 14 141
Joselyn......... = ee are a8 15 14 ts 12 14 14 15 14 15 13 139
DINISES eo ee eat See RIG 15 14 13 10 13 14 12 13 13 130
RV rel cln ese Oe ere a ae As 15 15 14 11 14 14 13 14 15 14 139 ,
VISES DEAR UE ee eee eee en. en oe A 15 8 10 11 15 14 13 14 13 127
(rah amis ees o-oo soae evs ne eee Zi 9 9 12 6 9 5 5 8 8 78
| Berth tear en, Stee Ee a ee Ree ak, Oe Sewer 10 11 9 8 11 9 9 10 7 6 90
ACKSON RG ce ete hee re eee 11 15 11
Outram... ir! 15 11
Reynolds.. 14 15 14
= June 5, 1916—Practice Day.

June 6, 1916—Ist Day. .

June 7, 1916—2nd Day.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Shot at. Broke
W. A. Smith 14 13 12 13 13 15 15 14 15 12 150 136
F. Stotts... ogee: | 15 14 11 12 13 15 13 10 12 129° -
J." Waiart=... ee ee = ie: 14 14 14 pe V5} 13 15 15 14 141 3
R: Daye. Pas <2 15 14 11 14 15 13 14 14 12 12 134 ;
J. W. McCauseland Ee ae Ome Tie 14 15 12 12 11 11 12 10 11 122 }
Wit. Bly ae Bi San ee anne Meliss 15 12 13 15 13 13 15 12s 135 i
Hee D «-Bates)2- 3 2 eee 15 14 14 14 15 13 14 15 15 15 144 7
m. iG Vance. : 14 14 14 13 14 14 14 15 15 14 } 141 p
Foti. Boa. : coeete ee eee 14 15 15 13 14 12 13 14 15 15 140 :

: “ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 15

FOUR TEN-INCH DOUBLE-SIDED VICTOR RECORDS
—90 CENTS FOR TWO SELECTIONS

Those Good Old Days Back Home |
American Quartet }17972
That Soothing Symphony American Quartet)
}
,
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Down in the U-17 Billy Murray

Always Be Honey to Me eee

I Love You, That’s One Thing I Know 17970
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Marimba March Blue and White Marimba Band
Home Hours Waltz (Mariano Valverde)
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216 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

rhe ngton 15 il 14 11 14 15 14 14 14 11

iS ee hite 15 15 15 11 10 =10 13 14 14 15

7. Ylenay 15), 14 Ya) 4-4 eee

G. Easdale 11-32 8213 Es 8s Pee .

E. O'Connor 13 15 14 14 14 15 14 13 14 13

F. A. Heney 11 43°-491 12.90 19 14 - 20 eee

W. H. Gooderham 13. Al). 14-8) 14 48: ..i0° 93° oneee

Tomlin 9-49 34 (19 © 44 11Y AS See

Norman 12 13 14 xs 13 13 13 12 13 15

Salisbury. 58° SE AL 1S U8 48 ie eee

Cashmore 72. la 99) 98. Ya 13 Ya 1S ee

Geo. Durk. 13 13 13 11 14 15 13 14 14 15

Willis iS 15) 18 12°13 16 1% Gioia

MeCallum Mivalkarghteah tale 11 13 14 13 14 11 12 15 14 14

monies ist, icc ate wick nteteren Gaerne 12 14 12 9 13 15 13 12 14 ll

C. Sturt 144.°135°°15. 14 15 140 See

Lennox 13 13 9 13 13 15 13 10 13 12

Long 12ie “he 15 11 13 13 ta «12 14.92

Dillon : 13 14 3 13 14 13 1l 13 12 13

Cre ae fh Sion SE ren) swe Nee atl £S iG: 13 13 14 15 14 15 15 15

Vivian. tenes eae ae 14 15 14 1D) 14 14 15:- 15 “AS ae

H. Smith 14 14 13 14 13 13 14 15 10 14

R. A. Sibbett 13° 14 15 11 LOM Hit 10. AD" “1d iS

WieCaenbes fe ytno 14 14 14 13 13 13 15 14 n 5) 13

J. Vance..... 14 14 15 10 13 14 10 14 12 13

Famulton: 6 eee ee 13 15 12 14 15 15 15 14 14

Wakefield.........:.......- 15 13 12-14 iOS esas BAe 1a 15 14 ae

Joselin... Pe eo 14 13 14 12 13° =15-> f4 oS

Sprague.. 14 14 13 13 14 14 14 15: 146283

Singer.. 10°) 1525 s34: 14 1At ee. 15 14° Fie ai

Griffin. 12 145-2 13 14 13 14. 12> ae

Wright 13 12 ib} 11 14 18 12 12 13 10

Funnell. 13 14 ie ls’ 10s si4 12 12" a2

Toner...... 12 9 os 6 i 10 8 15 9 10

Stevens. PFS tip 11 LT ET 12>) 10st Se> pun

Smith 13 14 14 15 14 14 14 13 15 13

King 11 eas VB 15 13 9 12. 1S

Healey.. 14 14 13 14 14 13 14 14 15 14

Drake 14 9 11 10, 14 4 eh ae 13° Sha ee

Morton. 13 13 13 12 2. at as 14 i522

Hunter 13 14 15 13 5 Nae tes 15 M4 AS 13 <2 et

Harkin... 15 11 9 11 12 12 Sey be 11 10

Beattie : oD tl sien be Al, 14 12. 33 15 245 15> i sie

McCurdy... ee RAS RS OE years 9 15 14 ~ Jae +734 12° 5 13

MandorwOFrk.<.. S46. fee OE Sa Pee oe 9 10 11 10 12 13 9 11 9 8

Fox PO ee, ONE Tt ee eee 1 Pec, 9 13 13 14: a AS eee

Turley. 9 10° (310) =16 8 9 6.2 10 F220 7

ROE eee 9 a ee hen oe 14 11 Sr9 12 5 Re ee la ie Romi (| 11

ere sate ce.5.- ee eet eae 11 10 11 15 9 1 Ts 11 14 9

TT ee na es fred Seeds 12°19; pe La ee ae whe 1 ees): es

‘\e s CY 2 a eee : 13 11 13 13 13 14 14 14 13 10

A erOUL Se rete 282 ee 11 10 10 13 9 12 13 12 9 9

Reaks.., 20 So ne eee eee : 11 13 13 11 14 14. 12° 13..> tee

URSEI et eee eS. i eee ee. 12° “ts fs TAO te SS. 10 10 Bee

Mott...... eee a Pages. 13 13 14 13 12 12 10 11 13 12

OEEOEO et eet ot ee nas 11 13 14 12 14 ~ AAD "AS ae

Paya ees ON ne ac Peete Fcc ae 7 14 8 il 10 10 10 13 10

LD SES ee ai Oe Ee oe : 15 14 15 15 14 13 11 15 10

Wer Oe ret oho ee Be ee ee 10 9 8 8 7 5

HR RMNNL CL Sti, Ge ce estes Sho ey aie seston asa cee 15-14 ot

Grand Canadian Handicap, 100 Birds. Heal Yon c..ccctcc cies tne on eee

June 7 and 8. Drakesaeeerg

BOVE Re SE ee Ee ee MOE A es UO TP int so 84 Morton............

Bales , 85 EG) eee ee

“7 [eghe ete Lee ee Smee See deren, 94 Sprarnel. J:

wg EA VI ie ee en es Hae Oa 86 Rolphesaste

Stuyle 2 : 87 MceCausland..

Jennings... SS:-5, SUNS. kere

W. A. Smith 90 [DY eee

Sp TIT CER Se iE os ne gages ne apt an Ri ge = ar 91 SUG er ss

Neilston es ee 83 Fletcher...........

(EE Se a oe eee SO irre Erie ee erent 81 Harris... ov wee eee

Mee SRIMAE NER ATYR eens 5 20 ek a te Se ee 2 ee tif, *—Professionals.

Norman ‘ 80

*Cashmore 82 5 Man Team Race. 50 Birds.

| DUPE ean ae ae 90 June 8, 1916. 5

NTR 1 See ei ee 87 (Ottawa Team.)

15 ETT 15 Eee nee 84 23

Beattie......... 84 20

AT ELECD) EG ROS ein en ne 77 21

J.J. Heney 81 22

NaNSDUT YS fed. 69 22

= OO | ees 85

Lennox........ 80

MeCurdy..-.......2.- 81

J. J. Smith 84 23

EiceSmrens ok... -s. 88 23

Stotts.. j=... 88 17

Tomlin........: 65 18

RANG. 2. 81 22

NON Re Cae Ee 76

ceoodale ses 89

eee Bee 80

MG ONGe es > 88 20

J. Vance..... 84 20

MS ae ten ook a acca Kae de ONS ee ee 84 23

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 217

Entrench yourself
against illness by
taking Bovril

IT MUST BE BOVRIL.

Of all Stores, etc., 1-c . 25¢.; ; 2-oz. 40c.; 4-oz. 70c.; 8-oz. $1.30: 16-0z. $2.25.
Bovril Cordial, ene $1.25 75-0z. 40c.; 16-0z. Johnston’s Fluid Beef (Vimbos), $1.20.
S.H.B.

w

FINNY TROPHIES For Your Den or Office

PeEarenite in memory,: —.-. ass. ee > Banbellish’ ‘ho im €-or
that tense moment office with such a
when your splendid : trophy!

prize was fairly landed!
Have that big fish
superbly mounted, so
it will remain for years
with all its living brilli-
ancy and vigor pre- ©
served in seeming.

SS Oe
Write for Data on Caring
for Trophies

Expert Taxidermists
and Specialists in
Fish Mounting.

= Spanner & Co, 26 Elm Street, Toronto, Ontario

a WUE pBe WHO cree)
: ALWAYS SMART - |

HAVE THE CORRECT “DOMESTIC” FINISH AND DULL TEXTURE OF THE FINEST
LINEN COLLARS. QUICKLY CLEANED BY USING SOAP AND WATER WITH
SPONGE OR CLOTH. SAVE YOU MONEY. No LAUNDRY BILLS TO PAY.
— FIRST COST IS THE LAST AND ONLY COST —

AT YOUR DEALER’S, OR DIRECT FROM US. COLLARS 25c each- CUFFS 50c suente
WRITE FOR NEW STYLE Book

\ sss SSS

SS

NG

THIS CU OUR AUT ° .
T SHOWS x OMATIC CANVAS DECOY = ee Duck Hunting?

COAX THE DUCKS IN

Use our make of Automatic or Ill. River Decoys.
Very natural appearing and can be handled in a
jiffy. We make various styles of duck and goose
. decoys that are portable, compact and light in
weight, Write for catalogue.

J. W. Reynolds Decoy Factory, Chicage, U.S.A.

218

Miulington
Jennings

Gooderham
Norman

Tomlin
Salisbury
Fox

Lennox
Harris
Fletcher
Hunter
Sturt

ROD

Stanley II.)

Hamilton.)

AND GUN

21—43
21—43
4
23—42
23—43
21—40
24-—48
23—46
L19
24—46
20—43
23—44
25—48
23——48
229

Rupert Watson, Seated at desk, Manager’s Office
at Tournament

8 Man Team Race.

Beattie
J. Heney

SrDDItt ns

V. Heney.
O’Connor....

F. A. Heney.

Harkin: —..:
Easdale...

Dillon.
Lennox.
Goodale.

Har:ris....
Fletcher........
Sturt. Y

25 Birds.
June 8.
(Ottawa.)

(Hamilton.)

IN CANADA

Millington
Gooderham
Salisbury
Norman

Zly
Wakefield.
Vivian
Jennings

Tulloch.
Stotts
Easdale.
Tomlin
McCallum
Payne.
Dillon...
G. Vance.
Morton.
Funnell.
Wright
Sibbitt
Feakes
Fox

Sims
Hughes.
V. Heney.
Purser.
King
Turley..
Mott.
Harkin
Rolph
FS A.
Stevens.
Armour.
Drake.
Toner

Two Man Team Race.

*White
*Boa.
Millington
Biya

J. Heney
Beattie

W. A.-Smith.

Healy
Nicol...
Hodgson.
J. Vance..
J. Payne
Salisbury
Fox

S. G. Vance
McCance
Bates..
Hart.
Lennox.
Sturt. -
Fletcher .
Harris.

HeeSimithessnie

De Smiths
Goodale.

Jennings.
McC ausland

Heney.

(Stanley.)

Consolation.

June 8,

* Professionals.

ae Heney,

A. Healy,

ec ana pial

a Salisbury,

Winner

50 Birds.

1916.

DuPont Long Runs.

25 Birds.

Ottawa:-.....220 eee 63—51
Beattie; Ottawa. «.<...205.0 ee 61—7
G. “White, - Ottawa. .--.2 eee 100—52—56
Vance, Tillsonburg. «kal deas@uaaxd Alek AUER OE
D. Bates, Ridgetown OPE Rae ae se te 88—118
"S; Boas Montreal’-2c 2.2, as ee 98
Wakefield;. Toronto.22.0..2..3 Se eee 55
. Millington, Toronto... eee 50
_ A-Smith, Kingsville... 224 eo ee 56
’ Hart, Dresden coe ee 58—52—52
H. Gooderham, Torento:. 222s ee 57—66
Windsor: fc... te eee . 54
‘TForonte.cis. en Sex ewe eee 60»

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 219

THE STRUGGLING BAIT

The only bait ever made that really struggles. This wonderful
bait has three different motions at the same time. The forward
motion, a fast wiggling motion from side to side, and an extremely rapid
up and down motion of the rear end of the bait, giving it the most lifelike
imitation of a wounded minnow struggling to reach cover ever
produced. Noother bait can even approach it. It is thelimit.
It can be used as a deep diving wiggler, a near-surface wiggler,
or a surface splatter bait, at will. The bait protects the hooks
to such an extent that it goes through weeds in a surprising
manner. Make no mistake. This bait is a real fish getter.
Celluloid enamel does not come off, nickel fittings, and hooks

s that are detachable and do notinterlock. Send for catalog of
Red Head with White Body, all White, all Yellow, all Red. Tackle, Reels, Baits, Flies, Spoons, Fly Dressing Materials, etc.

THE W. J. JAMISON COMPANY, Dept. R., 736 S. California Ave., CHIGAGO, ILL.

Postage 3c
SS

THE BEST ON THE MARKET

No other decoys compare with MASON’S. Made by experts who
do this one thing perfectly.

We are the largest manufacturers in the world. DUCK, SNIPE,
SWAN, GEESE, and CROW—all species in several different grades.
Illustrated catalog free on request.

MASON’S DECOY FACTORY, 462 Brooklyn Ave., Detroit, Mich.

— 3S

| Phone MAIN 3097. Evenings, College 4025

For Sale or Rent in all Sizes.

: ee e nas Canvas Required by the

Poles and Pegs extra, - - $2.00 Sporismian., “350255 stv 58

WE MAKE SPECIAL MENTION OF OUR 10x12x3ft. WALL TENTS and may say that we have sold thous-
ands of them. If you or your friends need one get busy. If money order or cheque don’t forget the War Stamps.
Mention Rod and Gun to Secure This Price.

| AMERICAN TENT AND AWNING CO., LIMITED - 430-2 Yonge St., Toronto |

HIGH GRADE RIFLES || New Improved REPEATING and AUTOMATIC

Standard Rifles. High Power—25, 30, 35 Caliber.
Less Than Manufacturer’s Cost ceperaneeres Renae st RTS ee
Automatic, $18.00 Repeating, $14.50 Guaranteed to be as represented or money refunded.
ube Eealest shooting aad aios pep ueate sporting rifle made.
rders with remittance have preference. ull particulars ‘
on request, Parts for these guns will be furnished at all Standard Arms Manufacturing Co.
times. All improved Standard Rifles have serial numbers

below 10,000. DEPT .5...-- - WILMINGTON, DEL.

. Patent Office

FLAGS

Etc., and Everything in

FOLDING PUNCTURE-PROOF CANVAS BOATS
Light, easy to handle, no leaks orrepairs; check as baggage, carry by hand;
safe for family; allsizes; non-sinkable; stronger than wood; used by U. S.
and Foreign Governments. Awarded First Prize at Chicago and St. Louis
World’s Fairs. We fit our boats for Outboard Motors. Catalogue.

=i > KING FOLDING CANVAS BOAT CO. 465 Harrison St., Kalamazoo, Mich.

ROD

220

John Hunter, Hamilton 58—5:
Geo. L. Vivian, Toronto 55—
Major Singer, St. Kits

Geo. Cashmore, Toronto

Wm. Dillion, Hamilton

Edgar Sturt, Hamilton

H. Lennox, Hamilton
M L Goodale Han i
Nelson Large, Hamilton 52

i nein nein See be

Chas. S. King, Windsor, the new vice-president of the
Dominion of Canada Game Protective and Trap Shoot-
ing Association, also winner of the Ithaca trap gun, first
consolation prize at the recent shoot held by the Associ-
ation at Cobourg.

High Averages.

H. D. Bates. Ridgetown............ 288

E. Sturt, Hamilton. iS esgese BOO 1—2
J. W. Hart, Dresden E ea S

S. G. Vance, Tilsonburg : 284

A. F. Healey, Windsor.. .... 284 4—5
W. M. Hamilton, Winnipeg...... 283 6
G. L.. Vivian, Toronto....... 282 7

J. D. Smith, Hamilton.. 281 8

J. E. McCurdy, Sydney, C.B. 278 9
W. T. Ely, Toronto 277 10
Goodale, Hamilton DY.

H. Smith, Hamilton

of Cae es ee
Major Singer, St. Clair :

>

27
B. Beattie, Ottawa 27
E. O’Connor, Ottawa. 276 14—15—16
W. J. McCanse, St. Thomas 276
W. A. Smith. Kingsville 275
R. Day, London : . 275
A. E. Mellington, Toronto 275 17—18—19—20
Joselyn, Toronto Eke LD
R. Wakerield, Toronto. Sak!
J. Hunter, Hamilton. ... 244 21—22
J. J. Heney, Ottawa. 273
N. Gooderham, Toronto .. 273 23—25
N. Long, Hamilton. 2 he, ied
Wellis, Hamilton..... raps 269 26
Salisbury. - OLOULOe.. foe ee 268 27
Griffin, Toronto. ~~ 2OL 29
W. H. Gooderham, Toronto...... 265
Lennox, Hamilton. ey: 265 29—30
M. Sprague, Belleville LS Zep

TOURNAMENT NOTES
At the Arlington-Columbian Hotel, headquarters
of the association during the week, everything that
the management could do for the comfort, convenience,
and pleasure of their guests was carefully looked after
and they managed to establish a precedent in this
respect that then ext hotel that entertains the associa-

AND GUN IN CANADA

tion will certainly have to ‘‘go some” to beat. All
the visiting members were loud in their praises of
the treatment they received from tls hotel mange-
ment.

A bunch of the Toronto shooters made the trip
down by boat, being the guests of W. H. and Norman
Gooderham on their yacht, and report a delightful trip
under ideal weather conditions.

Edgar Sturt of Hamilton and H. D. Bates, Ridge-
town, tied for high average on two days 288x300. n
the shoot off Sturt won, receiving the Earl Grey Cup.

Arthur Millington, while he did not win the Grand
Canadian Handicap as a shooter, managed to put a
crimp in all previous records as a collector for the
“Red Cross fund” by raking in $210.00 for this worthy
cause from the shooters present at the meet. The
‘‘Daughters of The Empire’ who served lunch dur-
ing the shoot in a manner that left nothing to be de-
sired were not, according to Arthur’s way of think-
ing, charging enough so he took temporary charge
and proceeded to raise the rates to suit himself, with
the above mentioned results, another evidence that
the “sports” of Canada are never behind when it
comes to doing their share in patriotic work. ‘“‘Rod
and Gun” begs to offer the suggestion that Mr. Milling-
ton be appointed Chief Collector for the Red Cross,
and devote more of his time to the work, as he would
surely get the coin as his methods would permit of
no escape on the part of the “tight wads.”

Geo. Dunk, John Boa, and Ted White, the veteran
professionals were very much ‘“‘on the job” through-
out the tournament and kept things on the jump all
the time. A shoot would not seem natural without
these youngsters present. May their shadow never
grow less, for like good wine they seem to improve
with age..

George Vivian of Toronto who shoots a “‘two story”
gun, somehow managed to slip his shell into the lower
arrel when loading for his turn in one of the events,
naturally when he pulled the trigger in the target
there was nothing doing, and the referee not having
noticed called it “no bird,’? and gave George another
one which he promptly broke and was chalked up
with the score. Some people would have let it go
at that but not George, he walked over to the score
sheet and proceeded to score it out explaining what
had happened. It is clean sportsmanship like
this that makes sport a gentleman’s game, where a
man values his own self respect, more than an unfair
win.

Nelson Long of Hamilton, under whose personal
supervision the management of the traps were, was
on the job all the time and saw to it that the machinery
was kept moving.

One of the most popular wins of the tournament was
that of Charlie King of Windsor in the Consolation,
who became the proud possessor of the beautiful
Ithaca trap gun donated for this event by the “‘Arling-
ton-Columbian”’ Hotel. Messrs. McCallum, Heney
and Mott tied for second place in this event.

The “Grand Canadian Handicap’”’ was won by Mr.
Mark Sprague of Belleville who broke 94 out of 100,
which was not only good shooting, but was also a
very popular win.

H. D. Bates of Ridgetown won the Amateur Cham-
pionship breaking 99 out of 100 and tied in the Grand
Aggregate for the two days 288x300.

Sam Vance of Tilsonburg was third in the Amateur
Championship, second in the Grand. Canadian Handi-
cap and shot about 95 per cent. throughout the tourna-
ment.

Mr. W. Hamilton, an old Cobourg shooter now
living in Winnipeg, participated in the shoot and shot
exceptionally well, winning the Practice day event
with the good score of 97 out of 100. High in first
days regular events 146x150, and was sixth in the
two days’ aggregate.

The merchandise event was well patronized and the
new system adopted was very popular as it gave the
shooter a chance to get the greater part of the money
as the price of the targets only are taken from the
entrance money.

The snapshots shown are through the courtesy of
Mr. Jack Learment of Truro, Rep. of Dominion
Cartridge Co. who was chief lieutenant to Mr. Watson

Madore,

ms at ig o>

ROD AND GUN IN

CANADA 221

Irs

Musi ats S-TANGO |
a,

UT.

990 GOED Pace
| CONTEST BAIT

Ideal for trolling or casting: appeals
to amateurs or professionals. Hooks
being behind body of bait make it
practically weedless. Floats when
not in use—cant catch on bottom.
By many record catches proven a
Sensational killer for all kinds of
game fish.

“NEW

OF A MINNOW.IN ACTION ~__

Note Variety of One

Hour’s Catch
by J K. Rush (Patentee) at
Pulaski, N.Y Catch ofthree
3 1b. small mouth bass, two
41b. large mouth bass, two
8 lb. northern pike, one 10
in. perch and one 36 in.
muskalonge.

RUSH Tango MINNOW

(PATENTED JUNE 23, 1914 AND DECEMBER 22,1914)

Madeof wood, enameled and finished in brilliant colors. Packed

in neat, compact box,in White, red head; White, yellow and
green mottled back; Yellow, red head; Yellow, red and green mot-
tled back. Our “‘Radiant’’ Bait glows at night.

Write today Jf your dealer can’t supply you, send us his
for details name and $1.00 for sample, or $4 for complete
of $50.00 set of four assorted brilliant colors.

+ d Prize = Dealers this proposition is big. Write for
Offer. special offer, giving your jobber’s name.

U.S. Specialty Company, 944S A.& K. Bidg., Syracuse, N-Y.

—... |

you are in doubt as
to what to get for
the Coming Season

Or have your plans made and
want advice as to the most suit-
able craft for your requirements
write to the Lakefield Canoe Com-
pany, Limited.

Their Experience is
at your service.

THE LAKEFIELD CANOE COMPANY

LIMITED
LAKEFIELD, ONTARIO, CANADA

CATALOGUE ON APPLICATION }

BY APPOINTMENT TO
HM: KING GEORGE V.

“No Recoil”’

You'll like this fine old
Whisky for its

body and exquisite flavor.

White Horse
Scotch

MACKIE & CO., Distillers,
Ltd.

smooth

AS. SEek cau ousatte tt Se
SU At ser cose o> 5

John E. Turton, Can Rep.
MONTREAL

i

Just what the
camper or woods-
man needs. The
Ideal Telescopes
from long-handled shovel
to compact size that fits
any kit. Light weight and
durable.

The IDEAL is made of high-carbon
steel, nickel-plated. Will stand a life-
{ime of hard work.

$2.00 AT ALL DEALERS

Ask your Dealer or Write us.
Dealers supplied erouEey: the
jobbing trade. ::

IDEAL MANUFACTURING CO.
NORTH KANSAS CITY, MO.

999 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

of the same company,who was the efficient manager of . Stirling. ;
the office during the shoot, both gentlemen running J. S. MOrt0n.....scossesccecssosersrecersadtonnaraupseseayy 12 13—25
their end of it in a manner that re flected much credit T. Woolton,.....-..ccesnsssssereeeessansrasesnens .. 16 21—37
on them C. Dracop se... ate s<usricancengsti tec ree uw 20 23—43
FY) (Anderson. tihecxicccssteetts- Bi eee .. 20 17—37
The gentlemen from Kingsville, Essex and Windsor, E> ie. 8° “Véetes- ER ee. 6 11—17

under whose auspices the next annual tournament . eS Peterborough.

will be held claim that they are going to put on a S. GOON cies. 048s qcterivnes denen osneiey ete al cal aneanaa 22 21—43
‘hummer,’ and after a few days contact with the Cx Gralla 5.i.<: divciccttasts-dilep enol ee .. 14 15—29
gentlemen in question we are certainly of the opinion C. Lech sore sdusacnecict tenets ae a. 9 19—24
that they will not fall down on the job as they are Ry. Tivey.n.........cccccceesecesseserentetenserenes w. 15 18—33
certainly a bunch of good sports, and have the neces- | OS: C1) Re ete - -- 11 17—28
sary amount of “ginger” in their make up to produce C. Wo0d............:.cceeccceseescceeeeeerenes . 21 17—38
the goods F. Hutchinson: j.-20 ees . 22 20—42
C. Gutterson. . 15 16—31
About the only thing that was lacking, apart from W. M. Lang. . 12 14—26
good weather, was the absence of the lady shooters H. Cook............. ahs ecu bscneaat Cae .. 21 18—39
whose presence would certainly have been a very C. Mialls......20... ccc eceeceseceseecsnesentsescateaee 18 14—32

welcome addition to the ‘“‘mere men’’ who were there.

Five highest scores from each club:

Peterborough Gun Club Won Challenge Flag. Peterborough.

Annual Shoot of Trent Valley Trapshooters’

Association.

The Annual League Shoot of the Trent Valley Trap-
shooters’ Association was held on Wednesday morn-
ing on the grounds of the Peterborough Gun Club,
and proved to be one of the best shoots ever held in
Peterborough. A tent was erected on the grounds
and chairs provided for the comfort of those present.
The following clubs of the League were represented:
Belleville, Cobourg, Stirling and Peterborough. Port
Hope were unable to attend on account of a military
celebration being held there on the same day.

Following are the scores at 50 birds each:

MSO" ArPSs womDY

Belleville. POrser. jos eee 40
Total. - Macklin... 38
M. Sprague. - Os Ste OT S17 Jackson...... 38
A. Mott. Be ee 16 23—39 .“PREOODP:...-.-s4-2-oes ae eee eee 35— 193.
J. Woodley : : rsd ene ee 20 20—40 Stirling.
A. Sprague silard hn ee oye O—— ae C: 43
R. Stafford Pc err creer: eit Sew. fs F.
Fe bliarriss: | roe ee ae a ee ee eee anny et es
“G. Bennett oe ee ee nee OP sO 4 fe
Cobourg. WE
G. Armour.. : “pte fs te ers TA Oo
Sos URESOR oh accsczncac a sake ee ee 19 21—40
Ca So) 1 a ae ir, OPS Rn 20 18—38 Peterborough won the Challenge Flag ;
Ga McGallom=...:... 3225 eee eee 20 22—42 C. Dracop, the silver spoon for high score ;
J. Jackson....0.0 costes al Sew eto — ae =
Bs Throep...-.s8...... 2 eee eee 15 20—35 S. Coon, watch fob for second high score ;
A SOOM ooo Seok eee ee eee 15 18—33 R. Stafford, box cigars for the best long run, 23.

Stanley Gun Club Shoot. |
The usual weekly shoot of the Stanley Gun Club took place on their grounds on Saturday afternoon, Ma
20. Mr. Tomlin was high in the distance handicap shoot, brewing 23 out of 25, G. M. Dunk and Mr. Marshall
were tie for second place with scores of 22. Messrs. McGaw, Salisbury, Marshall, Clarke and Temlin each made
15 straight. The scores:—
Shot at Broke.

Norman or te \ aS ae em 103
Marshall. 2 peer ema pe eee 29 fh (5 98
TGSHINE oe : <p eee ee 93
Salisbury............. << pe AE ee 115 90
Set 20 pee fe noe 115 72

poi, Sar ae Ne Ee ee 100 83

100 80

100 77

100 86

BERTIE, Meee eee 100 74

peckes. 4C SS RARE He 100 74

Se ee ee ee ae 90 50

aes ve 85 74

oR ery 85 wit

eee tee 70 58

SES 1 De Se ae ee oe ae eet ea 70 43

Stanley Gun Club Holds Big Tourney. :
The Stanley Gun Club held a most successful tournament on Victoria Day, the programme consisting
of 10 events of 15 targets each, 25 pairs of doubles, a long run trophy, a merchandise event over the tower trap
and a consolation prize of a handsome silver tea service donated by the Canadian Indians. The weather was
ideal, and some good scores were made. Forty-one straights of 15 targets were made in the regular events of
15 targets. Messrs. Ely, Joslin and Jennings broke 5 straights of 15 each. Joslin and Jennings were tie for Ist,
the prize being divided between them. The scores were as follows:—

Number of Targets— ee eisy 15 15 Wht AS 15: id 15 15
H. D. Sherwood............. See Reed Acie 15 JAS 10, 14S 593 Se 14° TS. 2a 150 129
Wit = JOSelmts oa ee oe ee j ies be ES Be aes 13 159.) 15." i Sib eas 150 141
EE 1G-iSchoefield 3.222, Se ee cee Seem | 14 iil 137 214 OF it Sriats 150 120
J° A. McKenzie. 3:2 ae ~—_ 9 13 11 15 1S 4. 13 > 4 Foi eis 150 127
C. F. Brigham 10;—- 20 - 145-732 9 14 13 12° 10-12 150 116
J. F. Ten Eyck Pe AAS ES ee 11 14 IPR ee ste Bs 150 131
HH. Ro aWiniter....2 3s) See ia td lt tie 1S 215 saat Pe 12 150 132
Norman R. Gooderham....................... 11 15 15 15 13 14 14 13 13 14 150 137
F;; “SJ Bvown....2.: 02h eee testo 12 1S 38 ib 13 Si G2] Sit 150 118
J ISUINIIEPNGYS:... 2c -0sscceons sere ee ee [4 AZAD. YI ise 1h 10Y Ad 11 13 150 119
IN Sea ee ee ee ee eee 11 123642 els lS a A i ee ees 150 129
iG. Stimerheys:.:.200 SS See ee 14 ig 134 ot ls AS aS ee eee 150 132

J. AS IMICRODD -:..... sic... accacoehessacteurdsccvevanwpen Ae eed Ades Ae) TA RU SED et hone BS otal 150 124

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 223

DIAMONDS

$1, $2, $3, WEEKLY

Save money on your Dia-
monds by buying from us. We
are Diamond Importers. Terms
20% down, $1, $2 or $3 Week-
ly. We guarantee you every
advantage in Price*’and Quality. 10% off for cash.

Write to-day for Catalogue, it is free

We send Diamonds to any part of Canada for in-
spection at our expense. Payments may be made
weekly or monthly.

JACOBS BROS., Diamond Importers
15 Toronto Arcade Toronto, Canada
DEPT. D.

WY

LYMAN
(GUN SIGHTS

Improve Marksmanship
40 years of experience

back of them
Write for Catalog to Dept.@

The LYMAN GUNSIGHT CORPORATION
MIDDLEFIELD, CONN.,U.S.A.

ceo! «= |} he Camper's Own Book

| OWN BOOK

1916—FIFTH SUCCESSFUL YEAR—1916

This is that BIG little book of the open—America’s new
outdoor manual, It comes to you bound as you see here. It is
‘‘woodsy”’ from cover to cover—stirred by lake-breezes and
redolent of pine. It is endorsed by outdoor men everywhere.

Authors of country-wide repute have, with their enthusiasm
and familiar knowledge, aided its making. Dan Beard, Emlyn
M. Gill, Captain Kenealy, Oliver Kemp, Dr. E. H, Forbrush—
these and others join this camp fire council. They say their

say about a hundred little practical details that hold close interest for you; and they
spin a yarn or two by the way,

Sree Price $0 Cnds"

“The Camper’s Own Book’’ measures 8x5 3% inches over all. It is a goodly gener-
ous volume with over 200 pages and 21 of the finest illustrations you’ve ever seen.
Everybody should have a copy who believes that a day under the free sky makes the
pomp of emperors ridiculous. And you’re one—you know you are.

PRICE PER VOLUME

In the appropriate green T-cloth - - - - $1.00
Post-paid

TAYLOR, LIMITED WOODSTOCK, ONT.

+} is SSS ee of} a = SD SD ED CD of
i i ANADA’S leading sportsman’s magazine, “‘“Rop AND i
e ; ult ure of lac j Gun” is being besieged by requests for information, the
result of the interest created by the splendid articles :
d Sil F + that have appeared in recent issues. i
an l ver oxes To meet this demand, the publishers are issuing the articles bs
j in book form, in which enthusiasts are given valuable and {
| By R.B.and L. V. hitherto unknown information about foxes, under the fol- :
| { Croft, B.A... M.D. lowing heads; Introduction, Heredity, Origin, Breed-
| ing, Mating and Gestation, Pens and Dens, Food and
| i ae Feeding, Food and Care, Value.
| { + ite meine. is peutnscly altustrated with pepe taken :
| s 3 Tom tife, and wi oubtless be eagerly received by everyone
| W. J. Taylor Ltd., Publishers ] interested in the prc ‘able raising of this valuable animal. i
| WOODSTOCK - ONTARIO j Mailed to any address upon receipt of price—60c postpaid. i
i ry —— oe ef Ne a

294 ROD AND GUN IN GANADA !

E. R. Rolph 10: 10 Pam So LS ye Ts Ch ee: A bs WER 150 103
Perey McMartin 7 11 12 12 13 12 12 M3 11 13 150 116
W. T. Ely 13. 13. 12:.> dba eibees 9... 51S" Sees 150 135
J. E. Jennings 14 15 15 15 14 14 iW) 10 15 14 150 141
F. E. W. Salisbury 13 11 12 15 10 15 11 13 13 13 150 126
W. H. Gooderham 13 13 14 15 15 11 13 14 14 15 150 137
W. J. Bedwell 14 13 13 11 14 14 13 11 10 11 150 124
E. J. Marsh 9 10 10 10 7 11 8 9 5 ¥f 150 86
F. Hogarth 14 14 13 12 14 10 13 10 13 12 150 125
A. W. Glover 14 13 10 11 11 13 14 15 10 8 150 119
Dr. G. G. Jordan 8 13 11 9 12 12 14 10 11 13 150 113
G. W. Ward 11 14 13 11 11 14 14 10 14 12 150 124
Alf. Tomlin he, 15 14 13 12 11 13 14 12 15 150 134
J. E. Leedham 11 14 11 12 10 10 12 12 Fe 10 150 109
C. Harrison. 14 11 8 8 9 14 13 10 120 87
W. Hlughes.. 8 11 4 12 10 13 14 13 120 85
Gordon Gooderham. 7 10 11 9 10 5 90 52
Dr. J. R. Serson 12 ist 11 14 10 14 90 74
P. dgermyn 14 8 6 11 10 13 90 62
D. R. Furness.. 1) (S13, 2 95, 518°) ail 90 69
J. L. Hewson 14 10 12 12 14 11 90 73
T. Sochett 13 13 10 12 60 48
W. H. Marshall 14 12 13 tS 60 52
G. Burrows 8 9 9 7 60 oe
Geo. Anstee. 1 11 14 45 36
R. A. Sibbitt.. 2e Mite 3 11 ‘ 30 24
Special Event—25 pairs Doubles.

J. E. Jennings..
C. Summerheys.. oe we
Norman Gooderham ; Sy hm
F. Hogarth

W. H. Gooderham.
W

N

Ww ent

7. Marshall

y. Long. rts Akt Sie
H. Winter Cee yen te
W. H. Joselin. :

J. Summerheys.
E. Rolph

VNVNNUwWwwu =e
N00

or)

*—Professional.

Tillsonburg Gun Club Tournament.

At the tournament held by the Tillsonburg Gun Club on May 24th, the following were the scores:—
Number of Targets— _ 15 15 20 15 15 20 ey 15 20 15 15 20 200

E. G. White : jel Hy 15 20 14 Lo 20 15 15 20 15 14 19 200 195
T. Parker.... i Pie 15 19 15 15 20 14 15 18 15 14 20 200 194
W. Hart... 14 14 20 14 15 20 15 15 17 15 15 20 200 194
SD? Sinith. 15 14 19 14 15 20 12 15 18 14 15 20 200 191
WAS Smith)... Reet 5 15 19 15 12 20 13 15 17 15 15 19 200 190
G. M. Dunk. 1 fel 15 18 15 14 18 14 iP} 18 13 15 20 200 187
H. Smith. : els 15 20 5} 12 20 13 15 20 13 13 19 200 188
F. Stott 15 15 19 14 14 19 12 12 20 14 14 20 200 188
A. F. Healy 15 ING 19 15 14 20 14 15 15 13 14 19 200 188
RES Day. 13 15 17 15 14 18 14 13 18 15 15 20 200 187
S. G. Vance 13 13 20 14 15 19 13 15 18 14 14 18 200 186
Geo. McIntosh 15 12 18 15 13 19 14 14 18 13 14 20 200 185
W. ie MceCance 15 14 19 15 12 19 a 14 18 14 13 19 200 183
Col. Page........ 14 1 20 14 14 i 15 14 18 13 14 17 200 182
Ae WER Taylor. 13 14 16 15 13 20 1 [Pe 14 19 1D 12 18 200 181
J. McCausland... ejegeals! 19 15 13 19 15 13 15 15 THis 200 184
AG Effet 22h 9 1 14 14 17 12 13 19 13 13 18 15 14 18 200 180
J. E. Stevenson 13 15 16 15 11 1S ks: 14 17 15 13 20 200 - 180
G. W. Tillson. 12 14 16 14 12 14 12 15 14 15 15 20 200 178
aseeVaNnce........ 13 13 19 15 14 16 14 14 18 11 14 16 200 177
T. Wigle.... 13 13 18 1 14 16 11 14 Li. 15 13 19 200 177
Geo. Mannix. 11 14 1 freee [3 1375720 12 15 18 13 12P ety 200 175
H. A. McQueen 10 15 18 14 14 18 1 14 16 1 9 20 200 173
ng G. Pow PA ae ee 14 13 19 15 15 18.6 a1 sy 12 9 18 200 172

Haymaker. Knee fl ES) 14 18 14 13 16 11 12 16 11 14 16 200 168
“oh Reavy Bt McGilvery eee 10 14 16 - 14 11 20 11 12 16 10 15 18 200 167
W. J. Kerbyson.... ee ree 14 ily 13 9 20 9 14 16 13 10 16 200 164
E. A. Drake beets Sh. ve aS 10 16 13 10 18 12 13 17 11 13 19 200 164
WHEE MEO Wrie: 2... toc. sae eS 13; 14 11 11 iN opens bt LSet > sire 4 15 200 160
W. Hodges........ ae KET 13 18 10 10 18 i, 12 18 11 10 8 200 151
TRos TL Ben ofs (2) 1 Ree ements 10 | 14 13 C2 hoe eed Ore 8 9 15 10s ots 13 200 147
Pee Na DOM cee Ss oO ee BLD eee 13 Si as 9 11 12 1 ee gee va 18 200 141
IDES oS ee oy ee eae ee eit 8 71) 11 13 8 hb <8 Osea 12 9 Oe 200 125
(Paste sb ELD Deterrence 7 so ne ou Gi jew 5 Pies 61
Peete Cale s ts 50h c. eee eS 15 2 Oe ee: 13) 52220 100 95
C. Marlatt... we 12 13 11 12 15 80 60
J. DI vey. a os sees 11 8 11 13 65 43
1D eye! Dad oe Taylor... ea} 9 10 9 10 60 38
Ww Jackson. esac ae Se 10 6. “22 50- 28
GrG@elheach eke oh eee 1 ST 35 - 29

*—Professional.

ae =

Northern Gun Ciub Club Tournament.
At the Resisterad: Tournament held by the Northern Club Gun Club of Edmonton, Alta. on May 24th,
the following scores were made:—
Scores Made By Amateurs and Professionals.
20 20 te 20m AO 20 20 OU 20

Number of Targets............ 20) 2 20 2 20 << 20) 20 240
Es sO WONG... ee eee 16 19 16 20 19 18 19 19 20 17 18 18 240 219
J A. Pollard 16.14 O19 7: 19 Ose iy7: 1iealS!. 20) S20 ee wie 240 211
E. H. Meade 1S) AZ 16> 247 19207 9 Ss 6 18> 4952320 240 217
ee Bes WES Eko. tee 17. 2 Ad ee lS ee by 89 ot Sa lO Screed aa 240 207
C. R. Stanford ee. He 17. s 1S ook ty ot) eee 1 by fepire Vso tect Wy Aacmga ta 127 Dab 7 240 207
R. G. Robinson 19° GLB. BOP AS Ss 20 OO a Oe 240 224
W. B. McLaren 18. 20° A182 1S ease ake HSS. 7 5 Se Ge eo, 240. . 202
H. H. Motley 15 189 Nee h7 5S Sit 13 Ih ct ms We Besos 17a Gh 240 190

i

ROD AND,GUN IN CANADA 220

Crab Wigslers

Biggest teasers ever

al

tossed to a bass. “a 4

Semi-weedless.
Work at 4
any

NF A ( iN - Sea
coll [ke Hl i if i gail gi
| depth. g@ SK
RA g. The first
Casting }

| y No. 1809 C Imitation 4
XACTLY imitates live crab ofthe Natural Foo
in color and motion. Floats of the Black Bass

while-at rest, dives and zigzags

aN

when reeledin. Last season’s success proved this crab idea to be
= e The New ‘‘Baby Crab.’’ Same in style, principle and action
and Trapshooting Supplies. : except emaller, New doubles
neg EE I stead of triple hooks. Surerin
BUY NOW AS PRICES ie : # easier to cast—the Heddon
iaticassiciotot masterpieceineffectiveness
WILL BE HIGHER and all-round utility.
X Either style at
dealers or postpaid 85c
ab ulate depth; Heddon non-cracking
fags its not pees enamel; patent hold-fast
ok presentation.
EVERYTHING IN CANVAS ee a a
GEes yordenusifall freeiconciogof
| en or peau . reé catalog 0.
123 KInG Sr. E.. Heddon’s Genuine Dowagiae Rods re iE; SS
) TORONTO. | and Minnows, containing splendid CESS LR
fish pictures and new fishing chart. SS ae SS S55

Guns, Ammunition, Sporting Goods | the sauciest lure and deadliest killer of all the Heddon inventioss.
hooking, more weedless and
We also supply Military Camp Equip ment | If not made by Hed- With variable line fastening to reg-
rae) PIKE 4 W ‘ +
e Lin Ci :
James Heddon’s Sons, Box 15 Dowagiac, Mich.

wee’ KANT K RAC
emetic ‘'We stand

absolute TRADE MARK REGISTERED
guarantee COATED LINEN sole aa
of the 5 i
makers.”’

COLLARS

Have shown the greatest improvements of any collars offered to the trade since 1879. The
slit over the re-inforced button-hole, prevents the button pressing on the neck, and allows
freedom in adjusting tiv. The Flexible Tabs prevent breaking at the front fold. Wor. by
sportsmen, automobile owners, merchants, mechanics, railway employees, and in fact, by every-
body. Sold by the best dealers in every city. MADE IN CANADA, by

THE PARSONS & PARSONS CANADIAN CO. - - - - HAMILTON, CANADA

NEWFOUNDLAN

A Country of Fish and Game. A Paradise for the Camper and Angler. Ideal Canoe Trip

The Sea traversed by the Reid Newfoundland Company’s system is exceedingly rich in all kinds of fish
and game. All along the route of the Railway are streams famous for their SALMON and TROUT fishing.
Also Caribou barrens. Americans who have been fishing and hunting in Newfoundland say there is no other
country in the world in which so good fishing and hunting can be secured and with such ease as in Newfound-
land. Information together with Illustrated Booklet and Folder cheerfully forwarded upon application to

J.W.N. JOHNSTONE, General Passenger Agent, Reid Newfoundland Company, ST. JOHN’S, NEWFOUNDLAND

NEWTON HIGH POWER RIFLES

HIGHEST VELOCITY RIFLES IN THE WORLD. A new bolt action rifle, Ameri-
can made =frem butt plate to muzzle. Calibers .22 to .35. Velocity 3100 fs. Price $40.00,
Newton straight line hand reloading tools. Send stamp for descriptive circular,

NEWTON ARMS CO., Inc., 506 Mutual Life Building, BUFFALO, N. Y.

226 IN CANADA :
E. E. Estelle. er ys 19 18 18 16 18 19 18 ny 160 143
G. A. Short. eae 16 19 19 18 19 17 18 16 18 19 19 240 214
G. M. Cowderoy 19 20 20 19 20 20 20 18 20 0=—20 19 20 240

M. Esdale 15 16 17 18 18 17 17 19 16 15 17 18 240 203
W. A. Mores 18 19 18 20 iY 19 20 18 19 19 19 20 240

A. Logan 20 17 15 15 19 16 16 16 19 18 20 18 240

A. H. Esch 15 19 16 18 13 15 18 17 Aa tig 18 17 240 197
H. Flowers 16 17 14 15 16 18 16 17 15 16 12 19 240 191
G. C. M. Boothe 17) 18. 47. 48s 82" AIS) ee ee eee 120 = 105
F. G. McDermid 18 14° 16 13 subi vate ee “ae aoe 80 61
G. A. Holman.. ’ 13 16 13 17 13 18 17 20 16 14 16 14 177
F. D. Carder 17 13 16 12 18 18 18 15 19 11 14 18 240 189
Cc. G. McDougall. ey 18 14 15 16 17 16 17 18 16 19 18 240 202
W. M. Darling. «~ 166 17 “93. 17 17 -15 + 18 18 216) as ee 240 195
D. Currie. : <iobhusoee ae 16 17 12 13 14 14 14 17 15 pa, ayia 200 147
A. G: Orr F 14 16 16 16 13 17 19 15 17 16 At ee 200 159
P. C. Kinney 18: 18 717 16 “17% 15° 13. 14 42392 2 240 202
Dr. Archibald Es. : 13 17 19 16 16 its ae oa 19 18 17 16 200 166
W..E. Clarke eaeoeeSakasaes 18 - 13° 15° -I3) -48 ~49 16. - 19.248" AGh SiGe eee 240 198
W H. Waddell....... pier 167 21S 814 Slopes ale Se 6.5 ae 120 91
A. Garbe nite Aves) 19 18 17 19 17 16 18 15 19 17 19 220 194
Dr. Rooney ae RE CBee: SAG onda 1 o -aedS 18!" 16% 25.238 160 134
Be ES ‘Garroll.c0 oe ee 9 14 13 14 17 11 13 16 14 i 16 15 240 169
J. Gould. : Ser, Pp 5 3 6 7 8 MIA Sa ees aie eee 120

J, ME agerman 3:0. Sect sce 5 8 3 9 4 5 =, a0? 8 6 8 10 240 78
WR -Goughlint access 8 6 5 10 12 7 7 8 13 6 fe 8 240 97
BRO Morris ieee eee 19 17 17 15 18 17 20 17 18 17 19 240 210
SL OVee PIOlmMess tn sce oe 19 18 17 19 19 18 aa Seed 2 120 110
F. H. Morris....... x 2S 20 19 20 20 19 19 19 18 19 20 19 249

GSA ES ate eee Ba ote 19 18 19 19 17 14 14 16 20 16 19 20 240 211
teed a OS 0) 2): Sapes eg ee Oe, Ors 16° «118 18 19 18 19 19 17 19 19 15 20 240 217
M. D. Cadwell....... A ache 1 {F 17 15 15 16 15 13 18 16 14 14 18 240 188
Wt PEIO Winco hl oye ee 6 12 12 11 + ae ¥2 a x a3 “77 28 80 41
Ga. James.) se. Sccbceteee 18 18 17 19 18 19 cece sat ee — se wee 120 109
Wie brocke. cc. 5 case SG 14 14 13 17 7 Par nite Yass vt Sse = 120 81
R. Alexander. eee eee ee ES 19 15 17 17 17 14 11 17 14 ae 47; 200 159
irc Wwalliamson © oo... ees Az 11 13 10 1l 15 1) 1) ao aoe : 160 4
Pe Se. DS WO cn. en, a 16 12 11 14 8 10 a Ke 120 71
5. or PW AETRAIN So reccomend tad a ee, pT 14 oe oat : ie 80 44
Mi = oR reem aris: =. ea nee 16 15 17 17 13 14 16 16 oe ick we aH 160 123
A. Allen metas Seen 125 16 9-- 47-15) 4181S “1S 16> ae iS eee 240 8184
N. Friesen ee on a. 13 15 10 3 10> 14) 92>. ee 22 eS ee 120 79
Pa EN. Ee ee a 14 18 13 ake aes a 80
BeGsC:- Tatham: 2.05 14 12 15 14 see oe 16 16 17 19 11 18 220 152
Nate SeHiek?c o.oo eee 18 13 —_ ae ee 11 11 80 53
ES Us DET 8 C sae ei Be IEE 12 8 ae Iie 40 20
FSG BVEIS.n.. 2 ..cc ee ee 13 14 14 16 17 14 15 140 103
Ra Bitehie. .......2. eee apart 2 8. 10 2d Sets is 120 71
PR Be te 4... eee sé 14 Sa oe a — fo Poy 40 35
Raptr) aeKne se cee ae Ae 11 15 15 18 12 14 ae —_ os Aen 120.7-= 185
D fie) STE) Chae en Se ae ate 15 17 15 16 “ma 15 14 16 14 13 180 135
Dro Cutlersnec 1. cee Bite te, | 7 8: Thy ft ye ae Sy ee 160 104
1 Or 71) ee oe 22st ee ae a =. ee 13 11 < ae wes ees 13 14 80 51 -
Pr (Cow. Field...........22 232 owe es 5 Re ai Ts 8 7 aes Le a = eat 60 22
Prsibelunsheens.. "3.22 <a a ae re 10 5 16 is Bis <t 80 44
NE RS ane sayerset. ae $e yy) eee eS, teh | 12 tf > ee 60 30
WG. Ballantyne. .:002 2 me we ee ee bs ae V7 “ts ee 80 56
AETAS Oliver... = ae 11 15 ae ee 40 26
EE PERO DINISOMS os soos bc nee 16 19 15-2 100 83
| De) Ss rig 1] ae ee eee eens = 13 AO* te ae 40 23
Grasso Mionteltlis+.. >. ae 1 14 oe 40 26
PERIMETER AG: 5 eos coos cco ee cae Pee Ee a Soa Sa oe $2: Se aet= i eee 40 26
MeeSecnincke. ik ee eee at oP ac aa ee, FAS ad ae fer: 10 Fr 40 17
Dae (Es | ear e 2a eRe te ie oe ee a A ee ee Ae | ge Se) oy 11 40 22
Ee) EO Us eae eerie Sees a a 15 17 40 32
CSR SIT Ce ee Ss eee Se eS 12> ts 40 25
Dr. Hope.

oo
for]
4
al}
tN
P|

x Professional.

How to Start as a Trap-Shooter.

You read the day before yesterday how Sam Jones
at the Spotless Town Gun Club broke a “straight”
You are interested. You know he shot at something or
other with a gun that burned powder and threw lead,
but the details as to just what was broken ana the kind
of gun used are not clear. It seems mysterious and
complicated. Itisn’t at all. He used a shotgun which
has a bore or hole through it about three-quarters of
an inch in diameter, which is known as a “twelve
gau e.’ In this gun are used paper shells with brass

eads. They are loaded with. about three drams of
smokeless powder and one and one-eight ounces o1 shot.
The targets or “‘clay pigeons,’ as they are called, are
saucers made of a coal tar composition which is quite
brittle. They are about four inches in diameter. The
“trap” is really a throwing machine which by means of
a mechancial arm scales these saucers, bottom side up,
through the air abont forty yards.

Organize A Club. :

If you want to try this intensely interesting sport,
find out where the nearest trap-shooting club is, and
show up at one of their practice shoots. If you area
long way from a trap-shooting club you can purchase
a hand trap and a barrel of clay targets from your
sporting goods dealer, gather some friends together
and try it for yourself. You will find trap-shooters
a cordial bunch, and after watching them a while, and
talking the matter over with some of the shooters
present you will be able to decide just what kind of a
shotgun you want. There are new men starting the
game all the time as there always must be with an
sport which is rapidly growing, and you needn’t bea bit
afraid to display ignorance on any point connected
with the game. The other shooters present were in
the same boat themselves once, and will take great
pleasure in coaching you in every way possible.

SSe

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

PREMIUMS FOR NEW SUBSCRIPTIONS

We are desirous of adding 1000 new subscriptions to our lists and in order to ac-

complish this we make the following generous offers.

For One New Subscription

A single action, raised pillar, rivetted
brass reel with click, 80 yds.; A Standard
waterproof Bass Line, 10 yds.; A Mackerel
waterproof line, 25 feet; A Kelso Pearl
Spoon Bait; A Sullivan Hook and Reel
Guard; A Crow Call made from red cedar,
with German Silver reed and band, hand-
somely polished, guaranteed to give satis-
faction; A Williams’ Battery Switch; A
Finger Grip for fishing rods; A Fish Hook
for Frog Bait; Two Rubber Grips for fish-
ing rods; A Matchless Cigar Lighter; A
Hunter’s Axe.

For Two New Subscriptions

A Betzler & Wilson Fountain Pen; A
copy of “‘Radford’s Garages and How to
Build Them’; A Vest Pocket Flashlight;
A Stag Brand Landing Ring; A copy of
Deadfalls and Snares, a book of instruction
for trappers about these and other home
made traps; A Copy of Canadian Wilds,
tells about the Hudson’s Bay Co., Nor-
thern Indians and their modes of hunting,
trapping, etc.; A Copy of Steel Traps,
describes the various makes, and tells how
to use them, also chapters on care of pelts;
A copy of Camp and Trail Methods; A copy
of Science of Fishing; A copy of Fox Trap-
ping—Tells how to trap, snare, poison and
shoot; A copy of Mink ,Trapping—Gives
many methods of trapping; A copy of Wolf
and Coyote Trapping; A copy of Science of
Trapping—Describes the Fur bearing
animals, their nature, habits and distribu-
tion with practical methods of their
capture; A copy of Fur Farming—A book
of information on raising Furbearing ani-
mals, telling all about enclosures, breeding
feeding, habits, care, etc.; A Grease Gun
manufactured by Miller & Starr; An Oil
Gun manufactured by Brown Co.; A Gem
Razor Safety; A reliable nickel watch; An
Ideal Hunter’s Axe; An American Pedome-
ter—Regulates to step and registers exact
distances; A copy of The Camper’s Own
Book (cloth); A copy of ‘Motor Craft
Encyclopedia’; A copy of “The Culture of
Black and Silver Foxes’—Contains chap-
ters on Heredity, Origin, Breeding, Mating
and Gestation, Pens and Dens, Food and
Feeding, Food and Care, Value.

Address

For Three New Subscriptions*

A Landing Net manufactured by All-
cock, Laight & Westwood; A Line Drying
Reel; A Pair of Elliott’s Ear Protectors for
Trap-Shooters and Sportsmen; Three
Crow Decoys; A New Wonder Flashlight,
manufactured by Canadian Electric No-
velty Co., Toronto. Case made of metal
covered with leatherette; One half dozen
Stag Brand Rubber Frogs or Froggies;
One of Walter’s hand-made axes, handled.
Length of handle, 14 inches; A copy of
Camp Kits and Camp Life.

: For Four New Subscriptions

A pipe—HBB brand; An Automatic
Razor Stropper; A copy of Modern Sport-
ing Gunnery.

For Five New Subscriptions
A Tobin Boy Scout Rifle—22 calibre,
short, long or rifle cartridges. Barrel 22
in. long, weight 334 pounds.

For Six New Subscriptions
A Minnow Pail manufactured by All-
cock, Laight & Westwood; A Thermos
Bottle.

For Seven New Subscriptions
A 10 ft. Fly Rod; A Younger Willow
Chair.

For Eight New Subscriptions
A Conklin Fountain Pen.

For Ten New Subscriptions
A Frost Improved Kelso Automatic Reel,
capacity 100 yards.

For Twelve New Subscriptions
A Stevens Favorite No. 17 Rifle; One
dozen Cleveland Battery Connectors.

For Thirteen New Subscriptions
A Bait Casting Rod. ;
For Fifteen New Subscriptions
A Marvel Petit Camera.
For Seventeen New Subscriptions
A Pair of ‘“‘Witch Elk’? Hunting Boots.

For Twenty-five New Subscriptions
A Handy Tent Cot, manufactured by
Cutten & Fraser, Toronto; A Korona
Petit Camera, size 34% x 5%, manufactur-
ed by the Gundlach-Manhattan Co.

If you are interested write for sub-
scription blanks, sample copies, etc.

The subscription price of ROD AND
GUN is $1.50 per annum.

Address sn ept, Rod and Gun in Canada, Woodstock, Ont. |

227

WZ Zo r > 1
435g) y \Y Y, a
ZAG i } J *4S/. BE

Forest Protection.
Editor, ROD AND GUN :—
Great credit is due Mr. J. B.

Harkin, in
the opinion of the writer, for his excellent
write-up on fire protection in your June

number. In my estimation too much educa-
tion on fire prevention cannot be given
Canadians, sportsmen and otherwise. Every
person should be a teacher along this line
and an exponent of safety first principles.
The enormous yearly destruction by forest
fires is largely due to lack of thought or lack
of intelligence on the part of those who can-
not seem to understand the necessity of
economizing for others as one would wish
to economize for himself. My experience
goes to show that much too frequently the
blame for forest fires is laid on the locomotive
or crew. Even Mr. Harkin speaks of these
as factors in the work of forest destruction.
As one who has for some years been con-
nected with the Locomotive Department of a
certain well-known Canadian railway com-
pany I can testify that all fires attributed
to this cause are not by any means due to
the carelessness of the engine’s crew or to
defects in the engine. On one _ occasion,
to give an example, I sat in a railway coach
and saw a person deliberately throw a light-
ed cigar out of the window. As it was then
dry weather I took the precaution to watch
the result. Putting my head out of the
window I saw that at the rear end of the
train the grass had caught fire. ‘That
will be blamed on the engine,’’ I said to my-
self and sure enough on my arrival hom>,
which was only distant from this point about
four miles, a wire was in waiting from the
Superintendent which read as follows: En-
gine 777 on.train No. 1 to-day has been
reported as starting a fire at mile post 111,
C. Sub-division. Have engine netting and
ash pans examined and let me know quick
what you find.

The examination was made and a reply
sent as follows: “Found everything O. K.
in regard to your wire, etc.’ The reply
however should have been, ‘‘Please arrange

Win

; HE

|

to have man with red complexion occupy-
ing third seat from west end, left side of
second class car, arrested at first station
for wilfully setting fire on property of com-
pany at mileage 111.”

I have no hesitation in saying that many
similar cases to this have happened and are
happening and while I have no desire to
minimize the importance of the safe fire
equipment rules on locomotives being lived
up to, to the letter, I think it would be a
very good idea if a notice were placed in
the smoking compartment of every coach
warning passengers to throw their cigars
and cigarettes in the cuspidors and not out
of the windows.

That attitude of mind which is expressed
by the remark, “I don’t own the property,
to hang with it,’ is the cause of much un-
ee destruction of valuable timbered
and.

As regards the work of our fire rangers
I deem it my duty to say that some of them
are very faithful in the performance of their
duties though others are not so faithful. I
have even heard it said that rangers had
expressed themselves as desirous of start-
ing a fire themselves occasionally for fear
that unless they did they would find them-
selves out of employment. Of course these
are not the only Government employees
who are negligent in the performance of their
duties. Those who sell liquor illegally, or
who kill and seil game out of season are
in the same boat. The sooner we interest
ourselves in putting men at the head of
affairs who will stand behind the law in
every case the better it will be for the coun-
try which has too many useless officials in
office. We need not only literature but
officials who will see to it that.the regulations
prescribed are enforced. How many of us
have entered places where the sign “No
Smoking”? has appeared but where no one
has attempted to enforce it and where smok-
ing is continuously indulged in?

Yours truly,
Railway Employee.

A weedless hook deserving or the notice of
anglers is Kinney’s Weedless advertised in
June issue. Twenty-five cents or five for
$1.00 is the price of same and the makers say
if you don’t agree this is the “best weedless
hook that ever hit water’? vou may have your
money back. H. A. Kinney & Co., Dept. K.,
Grand Junction, Mich. are the manufacturers.

3°

“The Veery Song,’’ the words of which
were composed by Mr. John Markey, editor
of the Woodstock Sentinel-Review, and which
appears on another page of this issue, has
been set to music by Mr. George J. Coutts
who has skilfully woven into his accompani-
ment the clarion notcs of the veery or Wilson’s
thrush of our Canadian woods.

228

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 229

CANADIS-SSY

JINER RESO

FN Reliable
GUIDE ToRLACES
Lnr five Up 6 Taxir PRoSsES

FISHERMEN, CANOEISTS, CAMPERS! | SALMON FISHING! jen iti “tne Pobi-

| que Salmon Club for the exclusive rights on the Little

5 Kee re ARE

Algonquin Provincial Park, Ontario’s | Tobique or Nictau branch, which adds to my variety thirty-
3,000,000-arre Forest and Game Preserve is a virgin five miles of the best available salmon fishing in New
Lakeland of 2.000 lakes and streams comparatively un- | Brunswick. I have six camps at different places along this
fished. Rare opportunities for Live Game Photography. stream, the Bungalow being about in the centre, making the
2,000 feet elevation Immune from Hay Fever | use of tents unnecessary. Camps having been already

equipped I am prepared to handle parties during the sum-
mer months. Excellent salmon and trout fishing guaranteed.

HOTEL ALGONQUIN ADAM MOORE, Prop., NICTAU CAMPS. P.O. Address:

: 5 : ; : , Seotch Lake, N. B., Canada. Telegraphic Address: Freder-
at Joe Lake Station is the Starfing Point of the direct i: ore ; a Roe ene : rae hte
canoe routes North and South through the Park. icton, N.B., Canada. Moose, Caribou, Deer and Bear Hunt-

The hotel affords every requisite and comfort for ladies | ing. First class service. Excellent Accommodation.
and gentlemen, with fine Trout and Bass fishing close at

Highest and Coolest Resort in Ontario

hand.
3 porplete Seeing and leg een 2 senor Sere and
oat Livery. uldes procured. ix hours from Ottawa,
eight from Toronto. Pullman service. SUMMER RESORTS
Tourists entering Canada do not require passports. OUR CAMPS are situated in the best hunting and fishing

: e grounds in Parry Sound District. Full particulars on appli-
Information and booklet of cation to the Lucky Cross Summer Resort Co., Box 4,
L. E. MERRELIL, Prest., Algonquin Hotel and Magnetawan, Ontario, Canada.

Outfitting Co., Ltd., Mowat P. O., Ontario :

in virgin streams, and the most beautiful scenery
in the world, including moving Glaciers, Mt. McKin-
ley, Volcanos, Totem Poles, Alaskan Indians, Gold

Big Game Mining, ride on the Government Railroad, and many

other interesting scenes.
Write C. L. VOTAW, Government Licensed Guide,
Season Seward, Alaska, or F. F. PULVER, 133 Rugby Ave.,
fe Rochester, N.Y., who has been out with me, has some
Open force fine trophies and will give you quick information.
th. (Many other references.)

! F you want a Moose, Mountain Sheep, Black or
ALASKA u Kodiak Brown Bear, small game or Trout fishing

The Favorite Spot

Gaspe Basin for Health Sport.

Charming resort for sportsmen and pleasure-
seekers. The vicinity affords beautiful scenery, fine
sea-bathing and unexcelled fishing. Guests have
the privilege of salmon and trout fishing in connec-
tion with the house. Salmon and trout fishing par
excellence. Best salmon fishing on Pool commenc-
es first week in June. Don’t miss the sport.

Fish in the French and Pickerel Rivers. Good board,
comfortable quarters, fine canoe trips, daily mail. Camp-
ing parties outfitted. _ House boats, launches, boats and
| canoes for rent. Get your ticket for Pickerel Landing
| on the Canadian Pacific Ry. We meet you there. Write
for further particulars.

M. H. FENTON, Prop.

Wanikewin Hotel Wanikewin, Ontario, Canada

| FOR BASS, MUSCALLONGE AND PICKEREL

’ Opens aS 2 en eee : =a) == Fa
Baker’s Hotel tinei SHOOTING AND FISHING IN QUEBEC
So long and favorably known, offers first class : : : : .

j Fit rer Pee Es } r The finest place in thc Province to spend your vacation.
ee eeocation for Seg ward stl BE commorts = One hundred and fifty lakes within the boundaries of
every respect Boone af aT Re ye ot ona. Sold the club grounds, excellent trout and pike Parte gMocse,

PAR Fairy eae Wee ree caribou, deer and bear in season, also feathered game.
water. Tennis courts, croquet lawn, etc Before Outlying camps, good guides and canoes Ten rivers

making your plans for the summer outing be sure Tr
IS 5 ee etl: = rOSS grounds. Write booklet and le
to write tor terms and other information to creas ute club grounds e for booklet complete

BAK "
pee EE, QUE A. TREMBLAY, Prop. chateau St.Maurice, LaTuque,P.Q.

FOR SALE, WANT AND

EXCHANGE DEPT.

ACCESSORIES

FOR SALE—Set of Electric automobile lamps, two side
and one tail. Never been used. Box L. ROD ANDGUN,
Woodstock, Ontario. TF

ANTIQUE FIREARMS

ANTIQUE pistols, blunderbus-

ses, cross bows, fine perfect.

Armour, swords, daggers. No

catalog. Good photos. State

requirements. Allen, The Fa-

cade, Charing Cross, London,

es Eng. 1220

Buy, sell, exchange all sorts old-time and modern
Firearms, Stephen Van Rensselaer, Antiques, 22 East
34th St.. New York. 6 12T

BOATS AND CANOES.

FOR SALE—16 foot, 31 inch beam, 12 inch depth canoe,
close rib, metallic joint, basswood, half-round ribs 1 1-8 in-
ches apart. Copper fastened, varnished inside and out.
All oak gunwales. Weight about 65 Ibs. This canoe is
absolutely new. For price, etc., write box E. Rod and Gun,
Woodstock, Ont tf

BIRDS AND ANIMALS.

also

FOR SALE—Best quality ranch raised mink, =<
Nelson Waldron, Tyne Valley, ee

Canada wild geese.
Edward Island.

WANTED—Live baby bearlcubs any color. 3 fisher,
one male and two female, Sandhill cranes, wild geese, etc,
Portage Wild Animal Co., Portage la Prairie, Man. 5 2T

DOGS.

FOR SALE—Exceptionally high class Irish Water
Spaniels 5 months old, by Champion Imported Bally-

ler Mike ex Lady Venus she litter sister to Hooker Oak
Hogan, winner at the last San Francisco Show. What
better do you want. Get busy. Guaranteed. H. R.
French, Wetaskiwin, Alta.

FOR SALE—Splendid Llewellin English, Irish, Gordon
setter pups and trained dogs, pointers, spaniels and re-
trievers in pups and trained dogs. Enclose stamp for
description. Thoroughbred Kennels, Atlantic, Iowa. tf

TRAINED HOUNDS—Norwegian bearhounds:
Irish wolf hounds . Blood hounds, Fexhounds,
Deer, Cat, Wolf and Coon dogs. Absolute guar-
antee, trial allowed, purchaser alone to judge, no
corse asked, money refunded. Fifty-page
illustrated catalogue five-cent stamp. Rookwood
Kennels, Lexington, Ky. 12 tf

AIREDALES FOR. SALE—Exceptionally high class
puppies ready for delivery,-sire, Stormy-Weather, dam,
Topsy-Turvy. Write for booklet if interested. B Wel-
bank, Quill Lake, Sask.

The Blue Grass Farm Kennels of Berry, Ky., offer for
sale setters and pointers, fox and cat hounds, wolf and deer
hounds, coon and opossum hounds, varmint and rabbit
hounds, bear and lion hounds. Also Airedale terriers.
AN dogs shipped on trial, purchaser alone to judge the
pealty-- Satisfaction guaranteed, or money refunded.

6 page illustrated, instructive and interesting catalogue for
ten cents in stamps or coin. 7 tf

Remedy Co., Hot Springs, Ark., U.S.A.

Advertisements will be
inserted in this Department
at 4c. a word. Send re-
mittance with order. Copy
should not be later than
the 10th of the month.

BOOK ON

DOG DISEASES
And How to Feed

Mailed free to any address by
the Author

H. CLAY GLOVER, V. S.
118 West 31st S:reet, New York

(a

America’s
Pioneer
Dog Remedies

MANGE__Eem=. ear

canker, goitre, cured or
money refunded; Prepaid $1.25. Eczema
2 12T

ENGINES AND LAUNCHES.

FOR SALE—Marine Engines, two cycle, two, three and
four cylinder, also 2 cylinder 4 cycle. All new. Write for
further particulars stating horse power required, to box L.
ROD AND GUN, Woodstock, Ont. TF

FOR SALE—23ft. Semi-speed launch, beam 4 feet
3 inches, finished ready for engine. This is a new launch,
now ready for delivery. For further particulars, etc.,
write Box F. Rod and Gun, Woodstock, Ont. tf

FOR SALE—Semi Speed Square, or Round Transom
and Compromise stern Hulls, finished ready for engine, up
to 30 ft. length. New. Will sell cheap. Box A. Rod and
Gun in Canada. Weodstock, Ont. his

FISHING TACKLE.

and Minnow Bait, Weedless Hooks,
Line Drying Reels, Landing Nets, etc., etc. Write for free
fist. Box L. ROD AND GUN, Woodstock, Ont.

FOR SALE—Several Fly and Trolling Rods, absolutely
new. Will sell cheap. Box L. ROD AND GUN,
Woodstock, Ont. TF

FOR SALE—Fro

GUNS.

FOR SALE—Lefever Double Twelve. Both full. Built
special for ducks. Very hard hitter. Weight about 7%.
Ejectors and Huntley Recoil pad. Cost 130 sell 65
Parker Double Twenty 30 inch right modified. Left full
weight about 644. Ejectors and Silvers pad. Built for
grouse. Cost 120 sell 60. Both hammerless and in per-
fect condition. Box 81, Rod and Gun, Woodstock, ; _

GUNNERS—A BARGAIN.—Mullins. sheet metal
“‘Bastle Duck Boat,” 46 inch beam, 14 ft. long with stand-
ards for attaching grass blinds, 1 pair oars, 1 paddle, 1 pole,
canvas gunwale and keeper, also two-wheeled cart for con-
Veving boat. Everything is new shape. Cost over $50.00,
will sell for $30.00. 1 doz. Mallard, 1 doz. Redhead,
20 Blue Bill wood decoys, carved and painted by a profes-
sional, absolutely in new condition. Half males and fe-
males. Price 65 cents each. The duck shooter wishinga
bargain will buy these now. Robt. Hodgson, Raglan, Ont.

FOR SALE—Brand New 1911 Model Winchester Auto-
matic 12 guage shot gun. Six shots, straight stock, full
choke. egular $55. Will sell for $42. Guaranteed in
as perfect condition as the day it left the factory. Box 70.
Rod and Gun, Woodstuck, Out.

FOR SALE—Marlin ’4-49 rifle and Savage automatic
ie pistol. Arnold Mz: deville, R. R. No. 4, ei
nt.

Loaalaed

Seles te tee

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

231

SPECIALS.

FOR SALE—One of the best known wholesale and retail
bait manufacturing businesses in America. Hundreds
of dollars worth of orders on hand. Will sell for less than
profits. A few hundred dollars placed in this business will
pay well. No time to answer curiosity seekers, so do not

answer unless you are prepared to act if proof is furnished.

Lock Box No. 241, Stanwood,lowa.

FOR SALE—Waterproof clothing consisting of Hunting
Jackets, men’s and boys’ sizes, Women’s skirts, ladies’
and men’s hats. All new. Will sell cheap. Box C. Rod
and Gun, Woodstock, Ont.

FOR SALE—Finest speckled trout eggs, fry, fingerlings,
etc., at the private hatchery of Dr. A. R. Rob

. R. Robinson, Silver
Creek, Caledon. Address, A. R. Robinson, Claude, Ont,

FOR BIG GAME HUNTING AND ALPINING in the
mountains of Central British Columbia; by pack train.
You are sure of good sport in my section. Joe La Salle,
Mountaineer, Hunter and Guide. McBride, B. C. 25T

EVERY SPORTSMAN should help to kill off our
worst game enemy. A Crow Call will help you get some
excellent shots and do worlds of good. Price 65c. A.
V. Lindquist, Alexandria, Minn. alee

FOR SALE—Good paying general store business in
New Ontario. Ideal place for one who is fond of fishing
and big game hunting. Apply Box 70, Rod and Gun,

Woodstock, Ont. Fits
d

A FEW YOUNG MEN wanted’ to get together and
buy a shooting lodge at a very low price. Hunting and

fishing galore in the vicinity. Write for illustrated litera-
ture. Reply P.O. Box 206, Station B., Montreal. 7palae

FOR SALE—One pair of 75 per cent. silver black foxes.
Must be sold imediately. Apply Percy Leslie, Norval
Station, Ont. Tis laly

FAMOUS FLUTED SPOON BAITS

100 Varieties and Sizes

Send for Catalog No. 47 CLAYTON, N.Y.

describing New Baits.

SPECIALS
goitre,

ECZEMA —Peoriasis, cancer, goitre, tetter, old

sores, catarrh, dandruff, sore eyes,
rheumatism, neuralgia, stiff joints, itching piles: cured or
money refunded. Write for particulars. Prepaid $1.25.
Eczema Remedy Company, Hot Springs, Ark.

FOR SALE—Several Beers Thermostats. This is an
automatic apparatus for opening and closing the dampers of
your furnace, hot water heater, or steam boiler, at exactly
the moment when they should be opened or closed. thur
keeping the temperature of your house uniform through
every hour of the day and night. Savescoal. Saves worry.
These Thermostats can be installed by anyone who can
handle a hammer. screw driver and auger. Write for fur-
ie particuJars to Box L., ROD AND GUN, ba di

nt.

TAXIDERMY AND TANNING
FOR SALE—Pair white swans, fully mounted.

Will
scl cheap for cash. Box L., ROD AND GUN, Woodsrace
nt. t

_FOR SALE—Moose Head, fine specimen _ excellent con-
dition: Apply Box L., ROD AND GUN, ee
nt.

FOR SALE—Handsome Moose Head. Apply Box T.,
ROD AND GUN, Woodstock, Ont. TF

FOR SALE—Mounted Elk, Caribou, black and white
tail deer, Rocky Mountain sheep and goat and bear heads.

Beautiful specimens, newly mounted by myself. Write
me for full particulars. Edwin Dixon, Canada’s Leadin
Taxidermist, Unionville, Ontario. 11 T

_ FOR SALE—Two large mounted moose heads, 54 and 50
inches spread of horns, heads of the highest class, perfect
in every way. No better ornament obtainable for a

gentleman’s office, home or club. Edwin Dixon, Taxi-

dermist, Unionville, Ontario. 11 TF
Mounted Moose Heads
pes Bee tae pea A a) ide

in excellent condition

Bargain for quick sale. Box 41, Rod and
Gun, - - WOODSTOCK, ONTARIO

For Every Camper—Fisherman—Hunter

THE WAY OF THE WOODS

A Manual for Sportsmen in North-Eastern

United States and Canada.

By EDWARD BRECK

A PRACTICAL Field Manual intended to form a part of the kit of every Camper

Fisherman and Hunter.

It contains concise, thorough and authoritative information on

every subject connected with life in the Woods, such as Outfitting. Fishing, Shooting,
Canoeing, Tenting, Trapping, Photography, Cooking, Hygiene, Etc.

“Excellent practical directions and advice.’’—N. Y. Sun.

436 Pages. Pocket Size.

80 Illustrations.
W. J. TAYLOR, LTD., Publisher

Price $1.75 Post Paid.
- Woodstock, Ont.

232 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

; Canadian Canoe Co., Ltd.

Peterboro,

Our Expert Casting Line

Ontario “ard Braided of the Highest Grade of Silk. The
: Strongest Line of its size in the World. Used b
Canvas Cover- \!r. Decker in contest with Mr. Jamison. Nuf se
ed Canoesa

Every Line Warranted, 50 Yard Spools $1.00.

Trout Flies

For Trial—Send Us
8c er,an, assorted dogs Quality A
30c for an assorted Bie Quality B

Regular price.

60c for an assorted ‘degane Quality C

Regular price.

specialty with {
us r4
OUR LINE !
is recognized |
throughout

Canada as the t
best at any

price. Ask the t
man who owns

ome. |

WRITE FOR ,

CaTALoG ‘‘B”’.

Te ee cee: Sa -
FT. Se 65¢ Regular price, ,-06e. Bass Plies
re bu oze
poten 75 Regular priee,..31.00 Gauze Wing
peapetiate 2.00 fox an assorted dozen. English

pa, Betvatens oe AR

M A R J N E { Pt
MOTORS abe So
more power ~ less fuel Write for A
Catalog M —

Foreman Motor & Machine Co., Ltd., Toronto, Can. : Steel Fishing Rods
Cacia d———

y)

FLY RODS, 8 of 94 feet... 2si0 5 evsige ones be cpwnle ial een $1.00

BAIT.RODS, 54,69 or 8 feet.....5..: 504 sete apevrn yan eee 1.25

CASTING-RODS, 4%, 5'or 6 feet) <ncc2tcers orcas « sepeeeaeee 1.50
P Made in 3 shapes, 11 sizes and 6 BAIT RODS, with Agate Guide end Tip -.-->-.-s.csesests 2.00
inishes. Reversible blades, inter- ,» Wi gate Gui 6 an WPsccacvcevses ves 2.5
changeable flies, providing outfits CASTING RODS, full Agate Mountings ..............+0+05- 3.50
for any kind of game fishing 525 Broadway

Send for Tackle Catalogue The H. H. KIFFE CO. New York

with color sheet, Logansport, Ind. Illustrated Catalogue free on application

; = 0 Jokm J: Hildebrandt Co. 1137 High St

Overhaul your SUMMER and CAMP FURNITURE

and let us quote you upon your needs. If interested write for our Catalog B.

Our line consists of Camp Stools and> Cots, Lawn Swings, Lawn
and Verandah Chairs, Garden Seats, Folding Chairs and Tables.

THE STRATFORD MEG. CO. Limited, STRATFORD, Ontario

TENTS

W.E. PIKE, 1468 Queen St. W.
Phone Park 73 TORONTO Phone Park 2358

Send for
Catalog.

Tents to
Rent

?

UGUST, 1916 FIFTEEN CENTS

“Kir-ik-ik-ik”’

W. J. TAYLOR, LIMITED, PUBLISHER,

Eiderdown Robes---

Sleeping Bags. For Camp, Trail,
Verandah or Motoring.
LIGHT - DURABLE - WATERPROOF

A robe you can use for a dozen
purposes. A robe that has been
tried out and in hundreds of cases
has proven its superiority over
other makes and brands. The > leepingBag
biggest value for the money and ; Wf c
greater value than you can get Yi) ~
for two or three times the price
in other makes.

It is a regular occurrence for us
to receive letters of this nature:

Winnipeg, Man., Jan. 13, 1914.
Smart Woods, Ltd.
Ottawa, Ont.

Dear Sirs:--In reference to your Eiderdown
Robes: I had one which has been in use for four-
teen years in the Yukon and. Alaska Territories.
I have used it with nothing except a few small
spruce boughs to keep it off the snow—1in tem-
peratures as low as 50 and 60 degrees in the open
and have felt no inconvenience whatever. I con-
sider it better than a fur robe as itis lighter, strong-
er, cleaner and cheaper. A_ wolf robe 90x 90

ASTIAES
Eiderdown Sleeping Robe

AZ

inches would cost $150 to 5200, weigh twice as ———— 5
much and not last half as long. =£ ynx Robe F y _
is as warm, probably lighter but has to be very Arctic Brand Sleeping Bags

carefully taken care of. A Lynx Robe of the
same size could not be purchased for less than 3400.

I don’t think any robe can be compared with
your eiderdown and would say, “that by ahyone
who has ever used them in extreme temperatures
they, are considered as “LEGAL TENDER.”

Yours truly,
R. S. Inkster.

ie eee \ CA NADA
— Universal Providers: To The British Empire —
OTTAWA, MONTREAL, TORONTO, WINNIPEG

b ZE 4
z << 2

VOLUME XVIII NUMBER 3

Rod and Gun in Canada

Woodstock, Ontario, August, 1916

Publishers are warned not to reprint contents, whollp or in part, without full credit attached.

AUGUST CONTENTS

Peele Canoe Vy illicit unld We e020 er eos. c.aovs wcunte sons hn-r.-. Donnycastiie Dale 233
Temagami Men ....... Soe bts ee Sees ate led kya | 7557)
Little Incidents Among Big Mountains... ee sb eee ale Sn 2BS
The Grand Falls of Labrador.......... Teper ee ele wo Pd WG McGrath, 7243
Klir-r-r-r-r-ik-ik-ik 0... BT pe NR Te ea a noe te IV eV LOIS, 2 DAO
Moose Before Breakfast

A New Brunswick Guide’s Experience...... peel oveny) WMonehouses 248
The Kea .. wh ccdh tc Uy cP Ib ot Tal Di ae Recent aR M W Conrad Kain 249
Shooting Snipe eS Hin Rei it PORE. iB. - Ga Rilleti . 250
Western Canada Along the Grand Trunk Pacific... cece. 251
A Trip to Isle La Crosse... EO eet Ae Ree FPO RR. Earle 256
A Symposium on I Winttersot Conservation. css no cd co i DEP.
A Few Days in the Woods... ener? SNe aU ALS agat cases heaitan nod « IVC VIG “203
Sunday Fishing is Unlawful... Stes RIN ce Reins geen Oe Ve nde ee A OL
Fishing Notes. ............:. eee FO UCT a LAG emLIMCOU AOS
Exe E TOS U1) ne Ure e se co er Ee coor btn eae Aces d acer ctie eso Robert Barr Warman 282
An Albertan Leghorn’ s Adventures with a ‘Coy ote. Ellen A. Hamilton 283
Growing Demand for Tuna, Sword Fish and Sturgeon — ne eR PCa ante ett 284
Log of the Captain’s Hunt—A Nova Scotian ORNS. eee ee WE Ane miies aa2e)
The Undiminished Supply ............... Pe Peyote) hoe la oat

Guns and Ammunition
Arms that Helped to Shove the Frontier off the eMepe ...Ashle A. Haines 289

What is a Sportsman. _..... eens ae eee adie Ss Janes Ste
Things that Crawl used for Food... Ne eR ovat me aloe eRe ee aes ae ee 310
The Fin Fur and Feather Tribe... ae Ln ae ca ST MEY 4 en et Di eee hea OM
Atlantic Seals Need Protection... PIE sr ee rs gn ee ae ee eA
MOGI eAK Ce sic otc ter ee en ie tis Ce eS OTOP SLOT OLd 2ole
Our Medicine (57 oh Oe aes ee eal ome anes Ho SR an hae cee et ee Perec cme OAC)

SUBSCRIPTION PRICE to any address in Canada, Great Britain or in the United States $1.50,
foreign countries 50c extra. Single copies 15 cts. All subscriptions are payable in advance.

REMITTANCES should be made by P. O. or express money orders, bank checks or registered
letters ; if by check, exchange must be included.

CHANGE OF ADDRESS. When a change of address is ordered, both the new and the old

_ addresses must be given.

THE ADDRESS LABEI., shows the date to which subscription is paid.
ADVERTISING RATES and sample copies sent on application.

Communications on all topics pertaining to fishing, canoeing, yachting, the kennel. amateur
plotosraphy and trapshooting will be welcomed and published if possible. . All communications must
e accompanied by the name of the writer, not necessarily for publication, however.
Rod and Gun in Canada does not assume any responsibility for, or necessarily endorse, any views
expressed by contributors to its columns.

Published by W. J. TAYLOR, LTD., WOODSTOCK, ONT.
—Branch Offices—
New York, London, England
373 Fourth Ave. Grand Trunk Bldgs.
Cockspur St.
Entered Feb. 17, 1908 at the Post Office at Buffalo, N.Y.. as second-class matter under Act of
March 8, 1908.

WABI-KON CAMP, TEMAGAMI

Courtesy Grand Trunk Ratiway

4
4

as the eye could see, was a mass of
wild driven ice-fields. For two weeks

g Kid
eS

St eos
fer ‘)

£75

mi,

wy

com

WOODSTOCK, ONT., AUGUST, 1916

ea LIGHT CANOE WILL BUILD ME. ;

Bonnycastle Dale

E were ice-shove bound on the
Island of the Beaver n Rice
ake.” All about us; as_ far

the conflict between the wind and
the sun and the river’s entering cur-
rent on one hand, and the two foot
thick ice-fields on the other had
raged, and we were close prisoners
all the while. To-day the masses
had started to “‘shove’’ before a stiff
sou’ wester and here we sat, on the

north point of the island, spellbound

by the close contact with primeval

forces.
“Look!” cried the lad Fritz, ‘“‘the
trappers are Jeaving the river.’ True

enough, the south shore men, satis-

tied with three weeks’ excellent trap-
ping where the best men had aver-
aged 300 muskrats apiece, worth in
‘the present market some 150 dollars

er man, and fooled ‘or the moment

y a widening crack in the field,
were even now struggling out in

heavily loaded canoes to cross the

‘ake. .

_ “They don’t sit in their canoes the
Way that New York magazine pic-
tured them?’ howled the lad, for
the screech of the wind filled- our
ears.

He was right. Each man was seat-
ed on the middle thwart, his bend-
ed knees beneath it widely stretch-
ed in case of heavy swells, their loads
Stowed equally fore and aft. Right
here I want to say that many of
the canoe manufacturers in their
advertisements are simply encourag-
ing su‘cide. I live here on the lake

where the planed board canoe was
invented to take the place of the
birch bark. My assistant and I have
travelled all over the waters of this
wide Dominion in pursuit of our
Natural History work, and we never
met any man, save a city green-
horn, seated on the back seat, or
on any seat with his legs extended
n front of him, or with one knee in
the air. If some of the men to blame
for these false position pictures will
stand at some canoe float and watch
the city lad with his girl come down
and rent one of these unstable craft,
and promptly assume the position
of the man-in-the-advertisement, he
will hasten back and order a new cut.
There is only one place to sit, when
alone, in a canoe and that is right
in the centre of the centre. How-
ever we must watch the trapping
flotilla.

“The two best men are surging
ahead,” called Fritz. ““But look! the
crack is closing up.’ Through our
binoculars we intently watched the
struggle. The leader, a youngish
man, was paddling for all he was
worth to get through a narrow lane
before it closed; he just made it
as the ice nipped and he crashed
into the creaming overfal ing lip of
the ‘ shove” and dashed through by
fool luck and main force. The two
tail-enders met the nip after it was
well bound up. They stood in the
centre of their crafts and paddled
the bows up onto the yielding edge ;
gave a couple of swift thrusts with
their ice-chisels that sent the canoes
right out on their inch runners onto

233

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

FRITZ UPSETS: RESULT OF KNEE-UP POSITION: AS A RESULT OF A SWIFT LENS
THE CANOE LINES ARE NOT FALLEN

the soft surface of the ice. Over went
their legs ; through them the canoes
were passed and “‘crash’ into the
next crack they splashed. Through
crushed icepack and open “‘lead”’
these three canoes worked across
four miles of the worst paddling
and poling I have ever seen, and all
arrived safely at the South Shore—
because they were seated in the cen-
tres of their canoes and their loads
were equally distributed.

So interested were Fritz and I in
this right way of doing a dangerous
thing that we have prepared a series
of pictures showing just how to sit
in the safest craft, as well as the
most unsafe.

“First of all laddie make a pic-
ture of how to lighten the bow a bit
if you have to push her ashore on
a “‘shove.” With swift action the
lad threw his load into the double
cedar and launched her off the ice-
packed shore with a_ resounding
““thwack.” Tnstantly ~part. of, the
bow load was passed astern, a picture
was. taken of the very bad landing
ahead, and then I snapped him as
he paddled along looking for the

best of the bad. See, he is kneeling
down, resting against the thwart
(seat). His widely spread _ knees,
firmly pressed on the bottom, pre-
vent an upset. He is, as the en-
gineer said, “five bells, goin’ side-
ways’; a long side-steering stroke
to draw her off the shore, the light-
ened bow will enable him to lodge
for a moment in the iceblocks, and
a monkeylike scramble out will help
him to make a landing; a real monkey
he would be to sit in the back seat
when alone in the canoe. I tell you
fellow canoemen if my _ assistants
in the tens of thousands of miles we
have had to paddle had been seated
as the pages of the sporting maga-
zines picture a paddler seated to-
day, there would have been a series
of widely separated graves. As it
is we have only had one accident
in thirty years—honeycombed ice
let Fritz through once.

We had to wait for warmer water
to continue the set of illustrations ©
needed for this article, so I had the
light wooden frame, and oiled and ©
painted cloth covered airtanks re-
painted. These only weigh about

:
?
$
=

I, A LIGHT CANOE,WILL BUILD ME

CORRECT POSITION FRITZ PADDLING AGAINST A HEAVY;WIND

three pounds apiece and either the
bow or stern one would support a
man. ‘When they are in place, as
Fritz places’ them, one well
fastened in either end, they will sup-
port two men without quite sub-
merging. While they do take off a
bit of room they give to the paddler
a sense of safety not furnished by
any other means.

Fritz, with an apologetic laugh
on his face for doing such a silly
thing, took his place on the stern
seat. Of course as the canoe is
empty it exaggerates and overem-
phasises the position (yet I have
seen a young. gunner shoot from
this position and drown before our
swiftly paddling canoes cou'd reach
his overturned craft). Fritz next
took the “‘fashionable position,” one
knee in the air, and before I had
the words, ““Upset laddie,’’ half out
he was “half out,’ and I do not yet
see how it was possible for the
thought to go from the brain to the
finger and let me discharge the re-
flex and picture him before he fully
upset.

Now comes in another point: Never
include a boy or man in your crowd
for a dangerous canoe trip who can-
not swim, particularly as there are

- thousands who can who would be

glad to go. Fritz instantly started
to paddle, splash and rock the water
out of the upset craft and then
scramble in. Still imitating the

greenhorn he attempted to get in
over the side instead of at either end.
The result was he pulled the canoe
over completely on top of him and
held a muffled confab with me in
his big air-chamber. Then he dived
out and pushed his body half way
up onto the overturned craft and
propelled it towards shore with his
feet. Becoming tired of this he swam
ahead with the line in his teeth and
landed the sodden wreck.

We have found the Coast Indians
utterly unable to paddle singly in
any canoe and steer, as we do, with
the same stroke. Not one of the
Kwakiutal guides we used in British
Columbian waters could make a canoe
go straight for more than about three
strokes, then over went the paddle
and three smart strokes were given
on the other side. The odd thing of
it all was that none of them cared to
learn the steering stroke, and every
mother’s son of them still steers by
paddling a few strokes on either
side. Remember these men are great
paddlers. They take their hollowed
log canoes out of sight of land while
hunting and sleep in them ; yes, and
build a fire in them too on the sand-
ed floor if they need it. They are
the only men | have ever seen land
safely through the heavy surf. Along
comes a great roller, with a hollow
chamber in it as big and as long
as Broadway—its top, one mass of
screaching creamy foam. With a

236

tremendous roar the air chamber
bursts and the whole mass spreads
out on the shingles—a white con-
fusion. Watch!
wave, the first

on the third outer
you

meet seaward,

1—FRITZ=TRYING TO SCRAMBLE IN THE
WRONG PLACE — SHOULD TRY EITHER
BOW OR STERN. i

2.—THE FASHIONABLE POSITION. NO _ BAL-

ANCE. IT IS THE CAUSE OF MOST OF THE
ACCIDENTS.

3.—THE ONE MAN POWER PROPELLER.

4——HERE IS AN
PADDLE——

ARTISTIC WAY NOT TO

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

rests a thirty foot cedar canoe with
five men in it. It rises and falls.
Now it’s up against the clear blue
above the opposite mountain range

now it’s completely lost in the
green gulf between the rollers—see!
The paddles flash! They’re going
to coast in on this comber—along
they come paddling like demons,
for if they drop behind that comber
they die. Like some great four-arm-
ed sea animal the big canoe surges
ahead on the crest—the foam begins
to boil, the entire top of the wave
subsides in a mass of rushing spread-
ing foam. With a sighing roar the
air escapes—and out leap five pairs
of brown shining legs. The canoe
is rushed up the beach with the im-
pact of the wave and left dry for a
moment behind its nearest inshore
rush—all the smashed roller is now
ahead of the canoe, flattened out
into a creaming sea-river. For a
moment it stops, hesitates, flows
backwards—then with a great ebb-
ing, that takes even the biggest beach
stones with it, it starts on its out-
ward flow. The brown legs are now
braced like five bronze statues—near-
er to the bow than the stern. Hip
deep it catches these squat short
naked men, but they never budge.
The cedar craft struggles like a fish
on a line. In a moment the wave
has passed and these excellent canoe-
men drag it swiftly above the highest
high-tide line. Do you think any
of these natural born paddlers ever
sit on the back seat, or cock a foolish
knee up in front of them—No! They
have the White Man beaten all ways.
They squat on their hams in the
bottom of the canoe. You see they
have no magazine pictures to teach
them how to paddle.

To kill a bear without a gun, after a fierce
struggle, was the thrilling experience of
Bruce Kellett, of Minden, Ont., Jack Adams
and Fred McDuff, of Gooderham, one morn-
ing in May. :

The above named sturdy sons of toil were
in the employ of Mickle and Dyment as
river-drivers, at River Bay Camp, Hollow
Lake, when, as they were passing along the
trail one morning, they suddenly came upon
a large black bear, which showed a quarrel-
some disposition and made an attack upon
the young men, who were armed only with

pike-poles and peavy. The boys soon real-
ized that these were not the most formidable
weapons to handle in the bush in an encoun-
ter with an _ infuriated wild beast. But
after a sharp struggle the huge animal (which
afterwards was found to weigh 800 pounds)
lay dead at their feet.

After the battle was over the boys were
not surprised to find blood flowing from
Adams and Kellett. McDuff had escaped
unhurt. They were the victors but would
rather not repeat the experience. ;

FTN as (terete

——— nn

or ad

13 SPECKLED TROUT CAUGHT IN HALF AN HOUR.

TEMAGAMI MEN

R. J. Fraser

T was May-time and the steady, muffled
I roar of the Lobstick Rapids, a half mile

down the stream, gave promise of a
pleasing lullaby. Our little tent was pitch-
ed inside the tree-line that fringed the Abitti-
bis flow. Supper for two was bubbling
in the pot. Seated on a pile of resinous
spruce brush, my back against a tree, I
watched “Tiny”? Becker deftly turn the
bannocks in the pan. The fire was burn-
ing bright and evenly and the self-satisfied
set of the guide’s lean, tanned features, as
he tested his work with a pointed twig, told
me the baking was proving a success.

“You’re some cook, Tiny,’ I ventured
to remark, as he sank back into a more com-
fortable position and settled his head on a
softer spot on his duffle bag.

“Oh, just fair,” he responded with a smile.
“T’ve made a good many of these cakes in
the last ten years and usually manage to

turn out something fit for more than canoe
ballast.”

“Strange, though, ain’t it,’ he added,
after a pause, “Flipping. bannocks for a
living?”

_l agreed with “‘Tiny,”’ but after short con-
sideration decided for myself that, in spite
of being strange, it was by no means an
unprofitable way of earning a_ livelihood.
Becker, like the most of the guides from
the Temagami Lake region, each fall made
from four to eight dollars a day with the

237

moose hunters, and in the summer months
drew from the tourists,—better known to
the Temagami men as the ‘“‘sports’’—four
and five dollars daily, for trips sometimes
extending over four weeks at a _ stretch.
When he accompanied me down the Abittibi
to James’ Bay Tiny was paid three-fifty,
with food and outfit found. ‘With the
sports there are often good pickings, too,”
he told me. ‘‘Lots of them never return for
a second cruise and leave their outfits with
us—tents, clothes, sometimes a new canoe.
One summer a party engaged me a good
while ahead and I waited a month for him
to show up. When he came he paid me
three-fifty a day for all the time I was wait-
ing.”

In the long winters the guides keep the
pot boiling with the profits from their trap-
lines, for the fur-bearing creatures of the
woods still haunt the Temagami country
and in numbers surprisingly great.

American “‘sports’ are the best liked, and
Englishmen the least. “We get lots of
women, too,’ said Becker. “Those with
plenty of coin and a husband who’s afraid
of the bush. There are all kinds of skirted
sports—from the oldish ones who want to
be a mother to you and wash your shirts
and supply the missing buttons on your
pants, to the novel-reading girls who see
heroes in us all. After the first day in the
canoes these want to live forever in the

‘wilds,’ but after
crawl ‘shivering out of
‘Mister Guide, we

a two days’ wet spell they
their tent and it’s,
want to go back to the

hotel.’ I’ve looked after a few who even
wanted to;make love but that kind are
unpleasant customers. We've got reputa-

tions at stake, we guides have, and the fel-
low who takes liberties loses his license like
a shot.” 145

The Temagami guides®are all licensed
men and directly responsible to the Pro-
vincial forest ranger, from whom they obtain
their papers. To qualify @for these they
must show proficiency 1n §woodsmanship,
cooking and the canoes—the

handling of

COCHRANE CAMP JUNIORS

latter, of course, being most important.
A first hand knowledge of the country is
also necessary. Slight indiscretions,—dis-
courteous treatment of a patron—may re-
sult in the suspension of one’s license for a
year or longer period.

“Once,” said Tiny, as he related some of
his experiences, “I guided three old maids
and took them single handed through the
lakes for over.a three week’s jaunt. Say,
but they were green—didn’t know an axe.
from a paddle, a tent from a duffle pack.
I had to wait on them same as they were
children—made their blankets in camp and
brought them hot water in the morning.
Used to have to stand outside with a pailful
till one of them sang out: ‘Al! ready, Mister
Becker.’. Then I closed my eyes and passed
the pail in between the tent flaps. At night,
after they had rolled up into the blankets,
they made me come and close the front of
the tent for them. I did most everything
for those three old girls except tuck them
in their beds.”

A refusal to go away with a party may
cause a guide to forfeit his papers. As Tiny
told me, they. cannot always pick their
charges. “I refused a party but orce,”
he said. “They were a couple of English-
men and I had just come through a spell of
work with one of their kind that took away
all appetite for another. This fellow cer-
tainly asked too much. One day—and it

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

was a long, hard one at that—I had portaged
twice and paddled against headwinds. ‘The
bloke never touched a paddle himself and
I was making the trip single handed. In
the evening by the time I had cooked and
laid out his supper, made the camp and cut
his brush for him, it was long after dark. I
still had my own tent to make and I was
mighty tired. ‘I want you to fix my bawth,’
he says. ‘Heat the water, you know, and
all that.”. He had one of those rubber baths
with him. I stared at him for a moment.
Then I said flat, “You go plump to the devill!’,
left ee and made my bed. Yes sir, I was
mad!

“And what do you know about
this!” added Tiny. ‘The next morning
he was fine as silk to me—the rough
treatment seemed to do him good.

“Only once again I balked. This
same gent sprained his ankle on a
portage. It wasn’t swollen much and
he got along alright on a clean trail
but I guess it hurt some going over
the boulders. We came to another lift-
over, short and good going. ‘I want
you to carry me over here,’ he said.
‘Alright,’ I answered. ‘Ill take the
stuff and the canoe over first. You
wait for me here.’ I carried dunnage
and canoe across and then decided to
sit down and wait for him. I was
blamed tired. He came after a time—
when he got tired waiting. Say, he
was mad! ‘Why didn’t you carry me?’
he asked. ‘You told me to wait
for you over there.’ I didn’t ans-
wer but started down to the canoe.
‘I say,’ he called after me, ,You told
me to wait for you. ‘Alright,

A 24-lb. LAKE TROUT, LAKE TEMAGAMI

=
4

=

TEMAGAMI

why didn’t you wait?’ I yelled back and
ent on with the loading. But he wasn’t
too bad after all, though I don’t want any
of his friends on my hands. He said I had
treated him real well and gave me fifteen

_ dollars extra.”
| Most of the guides of Temagami are of
course of Objibway stock and come from
‘the Bear Island reserve. The Services of
these are always to be had by tourists, sports-
men, or others, on application to the forest
rangers or to Arthur Stevens, the genial pro-
prietor of the Temagami station dining-room.
French-Canadians—descendants of the old
_coureurs-de-bois—north country trappers and
American woodsmen are on the roll-call.
My guide, himself, came of New York Ger-
man stock. ‘Ten years ago I ventured into

MEN 239

this country,” he said. “The States was
always a pretty good home to me and I’ve
no kick coming down that way. But, once a
fellow falls into this life, makes a hit and
takes a liking to it, he hates to go back where
the rivers are slow and the bush only grows
in patches. Often I think I’ll take a run down
south ’cross the line but when I get down to
serious figuring I find I’m here for keeps.
Look at it from all directions—it’s a life
that is hard to beat.”

Seek far and wide, ask of the wise men of
the East and of the West, and you'll find no
finer band of men than Ontario’s guides of
the North. Brown or white, Objibway or
Canuck, they are diamonds in the rough,
but Nature’s . gentlemen—every one.

ORDEGG is a neat little mining town,
N well inside two ranges of the Alberta

Rockies, which has sprung up with
amazing rapidity at the end of a bumpy
and erratic branch line of the Canadian
Northern Railway.

Without doubt it is a model for order and
cleanliness as western mining towns go,
but at best it offers few attractions to-the
casual visitor. And Nordegg was not at
its best when our outfit first made its acquain-
tance. It was raining, and it continued
to rain big splashy drops for two long days,
while the seven of us lounged around the
boarding house and abused the weather.
_ On the third day, by way of variety, it
snowed. Nevertheless we had an_ early
breakfast and the boss went out to size things
up and to take a squint at the sky. “We'll
pull out,’ was his decision ; so the packer
went down to get the horses which had been
azing on the flat below the town. The
est of us collected our belongings, turned
up our collars, and squelched up the road
O where our car stood on a siding, with all
ur stuff arranged ready for packing. It
still lacked one hour of noon when the last
itch was completed, and we herded the
heavily packed little cayuses into the wag-
gon road which ends at the Saskatchewan
whirlpool, forty-five miles away.

It was slushy and slippery underfoot,
and snowing overhead, but I felt a thrill of
genuine delight, as the last of the mine build-
Ings was shut out by a turn of the trail.
The damp spruce-scented air smelled fine!
TI felt springy and buoyant, and wanted to
yell and shy stones at the rabbits that watch-
ed us with bulging eyes from various nooks
beside the trail. Everything was new and
interesting, even to the shrill ‘‘Hi-i-yip’’ or
the packer’s thin high whistle that stirred
the dawdling horses into reluctant activity.

LITTLE INCIDENTS AMONG BIG
MOUNTAINS

Rex Snow

It was the same feeling of elation which is
doubtless shared by every nature-loving
greenhorn, when the last signs of civilization
disappear behind him, on the first day of
his. first real “‘trip.”

The first Sunday morning found us camp-
ed on the bank of the Saskatchewan four
miles up from the mouth of the White Goat
River. We were to begin work there on
Monday, running a traverse of the larger
rivers and creeks of the district.

It wasn’t a cheerful morning. The sky
was leaden and soggy looking and the clouds
away up the valley hung low over the river.
But we had come twenty miles the day be-
fore, on foot, the monotony of hiking broken
by frequent arguments with the pack horses
which showed a tendency to scatter when-
ever the trail crossed an open flat. This
then, was the first opportunity we had had
to study the mountains at our leisure.

To the south in the middle foreground
swirled the light green waters of the Saskatch-
ewan. Beyond the river bed, which was
about half a mile wide at this point, the
dark spruce forest sloped well up the moun-
tain-side. Then came a thick layer of grey
cloud and above that towered the bare craggy
peaks. They looked strangely detached, as
if they simply rested upon the cloud bank,
and had no connection with the winding
river and the somber spruce slopes far be-
low. Twisted whisps of vapor clung here
and there upon their faces. When one
thought of the stupendous power that had
reared those grim, gigantic peaks above the
clouds he felt a little dismayed, a little lone-
ly, and very very small!

There is some splendid fishing to be had
on the Clearwater River if one only strikes
the right spot at the right time. Within
a few miles of its headwaters are two lakes,

240

and into the lower one Martin Creek empties
from the North West.
It was about June 8th when we reached

Martin Creek, and it proved to be a veritable
fisherman’s paradise. Like all mountain
creeks it is shallow and swift. Unlike the
majority of such creeks it has a pretty falls
a couple of hundred yards up from the mouth.
Just below these falls lie two deep quiet pools,
and here we could sometimes see the dusky
forms of big, heavy-headed “‘bull trout’? as
they drifted lazily over the stony bottom.
Every little backwater and swirling eddy
held schools of grayling averaging from 8-10

inches in length. These displayed no en-
thusiasm over the most enticing baits that
anyone could devise, but a noose of thin
brass wire on the end of a stick furnished
us with at least one good meal at their ex-
pense.

We passed the pools a couple of times
in the course of our work, and watched the
shadowy forms of the big trout with covetous
eyes. But our chance came at last. A
couple of us reached the pool one morning
just as the finny inhabitants were breakfast-
ing. We had only one line, so I picked my-
self out a comfortable rock not too far re-
moved from the scene of action, and await-
ed developments.

The bait which our fisherman quickly
manufactured from a piece of red gill and
white-edged fin of a grayling, was quite an
artistic triumph. It icoked as if it should
tickle the susceptibilities of the most fastid-
ious trout that ever: waved a fin; and it
quite fulfilled expectations.
citement lulled for a minute we counted the
spoils and found that they totalled four five-
pound “bull trout’? and a couple of speckled
beauties of about a pound each. Bacon
was at a decided discount in camp for some
days thereafter.

We had about the best cook that ever
-handled a frying pan. He was a cheerful and
intelligent little Hollander, and a valuable
addition to the life of the party, besides
catering to the requirements of the inner
man with a keenness of perception and
adroitness of execution that left nothing to
be desired. He could take two or three
ordinary, everyday rabbits, one handful of
dried peas and two of the omnipotent bean,
juggle them around a bit, dust in a little
of this, and a pinch of that, and the result
would be a dish that gave one a peculiarly
empty sensation when one got within smell-
ling distance of the cook tent. His pastry
even, baked as it was in a folding sheet-iron
stove, was a thing of delicacy that baffles
description. But it was in the manufacture
of the humble flapjack that ‘Pat’ fully
demonstrated his culinary ability.

Now generally speaking a flapjack is an
article of diet on which you load up if you
want ballast to keep the wind on the high
divides from blowing you away. If you
have a twenty-five mile hike in front of you
with no food between stops, eat flapjacks!
A couple of them rolled up in your hip pocket,
are apt to come in handy in case one gets
lost for a week or so. Undoubtedly the
flapjack as generally manufactured has its

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

When the ex- .

uses but the product of Pat’s skill was an
article of a different kind. It was fairly
thick, and deliciously brown on both sides.
In consistency it was light and fluffy. What
it lacked in solidity it made up in a dozen —
other ways, so we thrived and grew fat in
spite of the work—which was hard enough.

One evening four of us found ourselves
on a side trip with a tent and two horses, °
fourteen miles away from the main camp
and our cheerful little wizard of the frying
pan. We had finished our work late that
evening, but we had also almost finished
our supplies, and we had fourteen miles of
washed-out trail to negotiate on the morrow. .
It seemed almost a hardship after the way
we had. been spoiled at the main camp in
regard to meals.

None of us suffered from over-eating that
night. It was Pete’s turn to get breakfast
the next morning, and the rest of us watch-
ed him from our blankets, as he put the last
of the oatmeal on to boil and shook the
flour sack over the pan in which he was
mixing flapjacks. Evidently we wouldn’t
over-eat that morning either. Dinner would
co of a drink of water, and a reef in our

elts.

Breakfast was nearly ready when Dick
rolled yawning and stretching out of his
blankets, pulled on his boots, and went over
to the fire. The porridge seemed in danger of
burning and Pete was occupied with the flap-
jacks, so with every good intention, Dick
tried to move it to a somewhat cooler place.
Under any other circumstances, of course,
it would have been done without mishap,
but as luck would have it, on this particular
morning the pot overturned spilling half
the contents on the grass.

There was an ominous silence for about
ten seconds. I suddenly realized that I was
just twice as hungry as I had been a minute
before. Pete didn’t say much, but he look-
ed reproachful. Then a voice came from
the blankets beside me.

“Well, you are ! it asserted disgustedly.
“Why don’t you get a spoon and scrape it
up?” Dick looked at the porridge slowly
spreading out over the short grass; then
he shrugged his shoulders and went to hunt ©
the horses. After a few general observa-
tions regarding too many cooks and peo- —
ple who would butt in, there was an up- —
heaval in the blankets and a figure clad in |
underwear, and with bare feet stalked shiver-
ing out of the tent, secured a big spoon and
a tin plate, and proceeded with great care
to salvage the top portion of the white mass —
on the ground. None of us felt that we —
could dispute his right of possession, especial-
ly as it left a larger share of the unspilled
food for the rest of us.

They have installed a new aerial ferry |
on the Saskatchewan about half a mile up
from the mouth of the White Rabbit River. |
Partly on account of the brilliant color of |
the rolling stock, but more largely due to
a certain reluctance of movement, it has
been dubbed the “Red Devil’ by those who
travel that way. Anyone who has ever
worked his passage across on that gaudy car |
will agree that the name is highly appropriate. ~

> Like all other things the Red Devil has

its peculiarities. Whenever one wants. it
articularly on one side, it is pretty sure
9 be across the river, securely roped to a
stump or some other quite immovable object.
so it is deeply deceptive in its action.

Sie on —
lh neta ee ai at eS

m either bank it will run with the great-
ase to the centre of the cable, but there
E Sticks and it is only by the expenditure of
| @ great deal of ‘“‘elbow grease’? on the part
| Of two or three men that it can be induced
“Move in either direction.

We were about the first to use the ferry
_ alter its completion, and we at once enter-
| tained visions of some lone wayfarer strand-
) ed half way across, and faced with the pleas-

oe oe
,

ant alternative of swimming thé Saskatch-’

| wan or working his way hand_over hand,
| along the cable to shore. Accordingly one of
he fellows pencilled a few words of advice

Wok

LITTLE INCIDENTS AMONG BIG MOUNTAINS

CAMP NEAR SIFFLEUR RIVER: MAIL FROM HOME.

BAL

conspicuously on the end. A month later
when we again had occasion to use the Red
Devil we found that someone had amplified
our brief caution to the unwary traveller.
Ours ran as follows. ‘“‘Notice, One man
cannot operate this ferry.’ Underneath was
pencilled: “‘Ji takes 6, we know
from. experience.”

Our first mail was more
than welcome, but the arrival
of the second batch five weeks
later was an event of consid-
erable importance. There was
so much we wanted to know.
What would be the news from
home and loved ones? Who
was winning the International
pennant? Had anyone cap-
tured the Kaiser? When there
was no immediate prospect of
getting mail we worried very
httle about outside affairs, but
the few days which elapsed
between the depzrture of+the
packer, and the day on which
he might reasonably be expect-
ed back,seemed to drag by
with weary reluctance.

On the momentous evening
I was sitting on a log beside
the sleeping tent wrestling
with a fiendish contrivance
that some smooth Toronto
clerk had assured me was a
sewing awl. It was one of those
things which is a blessing to
the human race in general—
according to the clerk—and
the simplest thing in the world
to handle ; also-it was guar-
anteed to mend anything from
a kid glove to a sheet-iron
stove.

Sometimes if we do not
properly use a blessing it be-
comes a curse. Perhaps that
was the case on this occasion.
At any rate my fingers were
getting as many puncturesfas
the boot, and just when I did
get going the needle would
pull out, so I was in a mood
the reverse of amiable. All at
once, in the middle of the
solution of a particularly stub-
born snarl, I heard the thud
of horses’ hoofs down the trail
and, then a vagrant breeze
wafted up the sound ofga
familiar voice, vigorously commenting upen
the pedigree of pack horses in general, and the
antecedents of one ““Baldy”’ in particular, I let
out a whoop that. would have made a Choc-
taw Indian sit up and take notice, and fig-
ures popped out of the tent like seeds squeezed
from a lemon. It’s a wonder the packer
escaped without being mobbed, in our haste
for news from the outside ; but he did escape
somehow, and in a trice the Boss was sort-
ing out the mail.

When the last letter was disposed of we
left the packer to his enjoyment of “‘Pat’s”
beans and bacon and raisin pie, and retired

a re aa

eS

iN a eee
ie

h

to various corners with our spoils. But T
had waited so long for the coveted mail,
that I wasn’t going to be baulked of any
possible little bit of pleasure, through undue
haste. I laid mine out on my blankets, the
papers to one side and the letters in a little
pile by themselves. The four from home
were at the bottom, arranged according to
their postmarked dates. Then I started
at the top and went down, scanning each
one hurriedly first and later reading them
over slowly and carefully. Candles stuck
in split sticks took the place of the fading
evening light and still we revelled in letters
and papers galore.

All the home news had been good so when
we finally rolled up in our blankets it was
with the: comfortable feeling, that even if all
was not well with the world in general,
everything was nevertheless running smooth-
ly in the little corner of it that concerned
us most closely.

When one travels the mountain trails
almost every turn brings into view some
new and glorious spectacle ; but it is the
man who hunts the small creek to its lair
that gets the pick of the scenery. Very few
of the choicest sights are to be seen from
the main trail. One instance in particular

_I will never forget.

A couple of us had been struggling all
day along the course of a turbulent little
stream, too much absorbed with the work
in hand to pay- much attention to our sur-
roundings. About 4 o’clock we came to
a spot where ragged boulders varying from
a few feet in diameter to the size of a house
lay strewn about in indescribable confusion.
We crawled over some, wormed our way
between others, and there at our feet lay
the sweetest little gem of a lake that an
artist could have pictured in his wildest
dreams. Deep and clear it was, with water
a bright tint of greenish blue. On the left
hand side the ripples lapped rugged cliffs,
and in one spot a brown rock slide from the
mountains above, came to the very edge..
On the right, a dense spruce forest crowded
close to the water, sloped steeply upwards
for a while, and finally gave place to the
usual towering masses of grey rock. At the
opposite end the creek entered in a flashing
falls a hundred feet high, and beyond, the
valley closed in—a.vast distant ampitheatre
of brown slopes and snow covered peaks.

| march My companion and I gazed at it silently

for about three minutes. Then he took a
long breath.

- “And the best of it,’ he observed with
deep appreciation, “is that we are getting
paid for this!’

I longed for my camera which had been
left in camp. But even the best of cam-
eras could not do justice to such a scene.
We must wait for the perfection of color
photography before those who may not see
for themselves can realize the beauty of the
little lakes that nestle like emeralds in the
embrace of the mountains.

As far as that trip is concerned there are
no tales of hair-breadth escapes to be told.
Still we had occasional moments that were

decidedly interesting, an

_ of the rivers in the district. _

‘er’s efforts to rope him and drag him ashore,

under a broiling sun, but everyone felt pleas-

Mo MC
ae

were generally furnished by

Those mountain rivers should -
moment be confused with the tame or
den variety that we get in the East. t
are cold, bitterly cold, for they are fed
the melting glaciers. They are swift, a
they are treacherous for one generally do
not know what may be ahead of him
account of the turpidity of the water. — a
- But the main point of difference is their
uncertainty. A couple of days’ heavy rain
may transform a boisterous little four-fo
wide rivulet into a booming torrent, th
musses up the adjacent scenery in a m :
thorough and painstaking manner. For a
day or so it energetically uproots trees and
digs cut-banks five or twenty-five feet hig
according to the nature of the coun
Then having done all the damage that
limitation of its course allows, it quic
subsides, and becomes once more an in
significent creek, brawling its way betwee
the tangled piles of debris which dot the
stony bed. HOA

The first bit of excitement occurred i.
the big horse carrying our dunnage b: ig.
and at the head of the pack string, tr dh a
to cross the Siffleur on a ford that wasn’t —
there. It was at the time of the big floods
in Edmonton, and the Siffleur was runni
high, wide, and handsome to “Baldy
complete discomfiture. The current rol
him off his feet first thing, and after a few
wild flounders he set himself with grim de-
termination to swim up-stream. The experi-
ment was a lamentable failure as there wa
a ten-mile current ; and since a combinatio
of cut banks and timber frustrated the pack

he had to be left to his own devices
quarter of an hour later when Sh

was busy forcibly inducing the other horses
to try a new ford some disténce up stream

he came trotting back, whinnying lustily and
oozing water from every pore of the sodde
dunnage sacks. We were all mighty gla
to see him for he was carrying the person
belongings of almost the whole party. —

Our work finally completed, we reached
Nordegg one warm afternoon in early A
ust after four days’ travelling. It was
very different Nordegg from the bedragg
and dripping town we had seen three mon
before. This time the sun was shining,
streets were hard and dry, and things lh
ed generally cheerful. ey

We had walked fourteen miles that day,
ed at the prospect of getting out.. To cele
brate one of the fellows arranged’ a eae
baseball in the evening, with the town tea:
It is a safe bet that several of our men ha
never played a game of baseball in th
lives, in fact we only had two real play
on the outfit—a pitcher and catcher. Ne

We i
uA

theless every fellow came out and for se

innings chased a particularly nimble b:
ball over sa lumpy diamond. As for
score, that is too good a secret to give.
but I have seen it more one-sided in an
national League game. iia

a

ry’ town which ex;

, boarding house to cool off
our exertions on the athletic field. We
t been there very long when an in-
ae a bow tie and a soft black hat
ed. |

“Say,” he announced in an undertone,
uttonholing one of our men, “‘there’s a
junch of fellows down there holding Hill
30. Mac’s with “em and he wanis the rest

‘to come down.» Incidenially he

couple of us “didn’t take any” so short-
fterwards I went to bed. It was my
might for three months on anything
‘than spruce boughs, and I intended
make the most of it. It was about eleven
ck when the holders of Hill 60 returned
g that after all the world wasn’t such
jad place to live in.

me of them, who happened to be bunk-
with me, that night was navigating a
Father erratic course, his hob-nailed boots
dumping hollowly along the hall. He was
alkative, and. sitting on the edge of the
ed, sang unqualified praises of the village
bt Nordeggs. { heard all about Hill 60.
“There were rivers of beer running up
om both sides,” he informed me enthus-

a
ey

OW that the Canadian Government
has voted to complete the Hudson
_Bay railway, we may expect to see a
e influx, in the near future, of prospectors,
itismen, and explorers into those regions
h are traversed by the railroad. .

old find which rumor says will in the
istant future surpass the findings of
reat North West, has already being dis-
ered somewhere in those parts. What
ls significence to this is the fact that a
wioundland sealing steamer is now being
ready for a voyage to the Arctic regions,
recise nature of which has not being
vealed by those concerned, though it is
eity generally known that a party of
spectors have engaged her to take sup-
s and machinery to Hudson Bay in con-
on with a valuable gold find.

ie dormant wealth of those vast tracts
with the coming of the railway, become
atter of practical interest. The entire
m, it is pretty generally thought. con-
d great resources, but nowhere does
Is apply as far as known, more fully than
ie Labrador Peninsula, a country which
gh not traversed by the railway forms

7

i

Naat at

7-4

C

own iastically,
we sat down on the

adding
the defenders. 7). 2 Vie

At this point the boarding house ke
came in and suggested that perhaps, aia ei
of the other people would like to sleep. T
held him for a while and he was half un-
dressed when it suddenly struck him that
any one who would'work on a survey party ©
was an unmitigated idiot. He held forth By
volubly on the trials and troubles of such a ay
life until our host again interrupted by firm- —
ly announcing that at was bed time. vf

Ten minutes later I,had just reached that.
blissful stage where things real and fanciful
begin to merge into oblivion, when a tenta- ©
tive poke in the ribs brought me back to ~~
drowsy consciousness.

_ *‘Are you asleep .bo?” my
voice inguired plaintively.

“Uh-huh,” I grunted reluctantly:

“Well, for the love of Pete sleep heavy!
Hold the bed down, it’s beginning to go
round!”’

Probably I did “sleep heavy’; at any
rate I slept; and when someone hammer-
ing on the door, announced that breakfast
was ready, the bed was in the same place,
which makes me suspect that I must have ;
prevented a tragedy. : %

Pa

companion’s | \

‘THE GRAND FALLS OF LABRADOR

i J. W. McGrath

a distinctive race of Esquimaux, who know ~
nothing of themselves, whose mode of living
has resisted the assaults of time and still
retains the savour of a pre-historic age.

The waters round its eastern coast teem
with different species of fishes, and at sea-
sons of the year great schools of fish come
in close to the beaches and rest in millions
‘high and dry’ upon the sand, whence the
native derives subsistance.

As a timber country too, its long winding
valleys can boast of their “forests primeval,”
down through which the huntsman’s axe has
as yet never sounded.

These resources though inexhaustable and
great. do not constitute its greatest attribute,
and when the country becomes advertised,
thousands annually will visit there not to
enjoy its fishing, nor to hunt through its
great forests, but to see its water powers,
and to view its one mighty cataract, which
rivals the Falls:of Niagara, being higher and
larger in other respects than that world-
famed body of water. This great falls,
yet so little known, is called Grand Falls. —~ _

They are situated almost at the very heart
of the Great Labrador Peninsula; and dis-
_tanced from the open ocean they are more
than three hundred mes as the crow flies,
and not less thaw five hundred miles, as
they are rezciied by the traveller from the
sea, the Whole journey of which is via the
p<filton River.

—

and

The Falls are practically on the line of
latitude 53. Above the Falls the country
is virtually an archipelago, and for hundred
of miles the region is a net work of rivers
and lakes intercepted by large islands the
banks of which are studded with thick spruce.
The three greatest lakes of the whole in-
terior called Attakonak, Petisikapau, and
Ossokomanuan, converge from _ the north,
east, and south respectively and unite their
volumes into one mighty whole. ‘The out-
let for this water is through the narrow gorge
called *“‘Valley River.” This river is twenty
‘seven miles long, and terminates in the
mighty cataract of Grand Falls.

With one glance at the Falls themselves
one perceives them to be of the greatest in
the world. As one looks at them from the
brink of the ‘precipice above, they present

~a scene of foaming tumult rushing precipi-

tately into the chasm, below, re-echoing
from the base of the abyss a deafening sound,
and sparkling with superb. grandeur, and
magnificence, which is equalled by only one
other cataract on the continent.

A mile up the River above the Falls, the
volume of water flows between banks more
than four hundred yards apart, farther down
stream this width is lessened considerably
by four rapids which occur at intervals of
about sixty yards from each other, and
which together narrow the river bed to
approximately eighty yards. After the last
rapid above the Falls has been leaped, the
water which is now confined within a chan-
nel less than one third the ordinal size, rush-

-es towards the Falls with a resistless fury and

burying itself with mighty impact in the
chasm below creates a noise which echoes,
on a calm day, twenty miles away.

The height of the fall may be considered
about three hundred and twenty feet, the
vertical height of the chute is thirty-three
feet, and from the head of the chute to the
surface of the water in the chasm about
three hundred and fifty-two feet.

They are nearly twice as high as the Ni-
agara, and are only inferior to that cataract
in breadth and volume of water. Formerly
the Falls went by the Indian name which
was Pat-ses-chi-wan, which means ‘the nar-
row place where the water falls.’

Dr. A. P. Low of the Canadian Geological
Survey visited the Falls fifteen years ago,
in his written description of them said,
“Such a fall would not be extraordinary for

a small stream in a mountainous country,
but is phenomenal in a great river like the

Hamilton. The base into which it precipi-
‘tates itself at this point is nearly circular
and about two hundred yards in diameter.
It is surrounded on all sides by perpendicular

rocky walls 500 feet high. The noise of the

Fall has a stunning effect and although
deadened because of its enclosed position can
be heard for more than 10 miles away.”

.,On looking at the Falls from below, a
We*snal mist can be seen rising up from the
contitreranund no less than one hundred

cauldron, ahe-~(.
yards are traversec.drom the base of the fall

before the waters reappeay,, beyond the spray-

covered cache of the Bowe Nai By
The entire area in the regionof t = cs

is forested with a wonderful growth ot. —

“ROD AND GUN IN CANADA”

_ing into capacious inlets and silent

e Cet aes ae
sprite” the Grand Rive
loses none of its turbulen m
seven other leaps of varying height
it precipitates itself into the Hamilton ]
which is less than 10 miles below the G
Falls. "9 Sa
The Hamilton River into which the vate
from the Grand Falls empty is the king |
rivers in the whole peninsula of Labrac
From its source to its mouth it is not
than six hundred miles long. It yar
width from a half mile to five or six n
and is navigable by schooner fer almost
entire length. As one moves up the rr
one meets at the intervals of every few
the terminus of numerous tributaries_

ot

which are hidden almost entirely beyo
towering forests of primeval spruce: |]
end to end it is a majestic unimpeded streai
and is a fitting receptacle for the waters
the great Grand Falls. It empties into—
great Bay called Lake Melville, which
more than forty miles long and from ten
fifteen wide, and this bay in turn is joi
with the open ocean by a narrow piece
water about two miles wide. ea

The Grand Falls were discovered abo
1835 by the early trappers of the Hud
Bay Company ; little or nothing was known ~
of the actual size of the Falls till 1891, wh
two young American students, after muck
adventure and extreme privation in wh
they lost their boat by fire and were alm
starved, reached the Falls and made go
calculations of its dimensions. oe

Its great distance inland, as well as
fact that it is situated in what the aver;
tourist calls the frozen north have left it
heard of by many, unseen by few, and vi
ed by none except the trapper and prospec

The common idea of Labrador as a re
of snow and ice is in »part quite erroneou
From one of Dr. Grenfell’s pamphlets on
Labrador I take the following, “At the mill,
at the mouth of the Hamilton River we have
seen growing fields of oats and barley that
have made us coming in from weeks of the
outer coast, almost believe we were at home
in England, where with roads marked Pye
tracks of horses and carts, hedges arount
fields and frogs croaking in the ditches, i
is almost impossible for one only acquainte
with conditions of the outside coast to b
lieve one’s senses.” Ay

The potential water power of all Britt
North America is estimated at twenty-fr
million horse power. Of this no less t 5
ten million belong to the Labrador peninsula, ~~ 4
and of this as estimated by Dr. ‘A. P. Low,
the Grand Falls claims 1,500,000 and if the
small rapids above and below the Falls are
included an estimated aggregate total of
3,600,000 horse power could be obtained) ~

With its grim environments of time-wo
archaic rocks, this great Fall -is one of ~
greatest scenic wonders of the Western wo
and will in the not distant future be a so
of attraction to thousands annually >
are even now ignorant of this great pi
omena of the wilds of northern Labrador. —

reenne Tay
ie
ii

Li i
Eun

t !
Hi

OT sun, no wind, not a ripple on the
surface of the lake. The live-bait can
'™ sitting in the centre of the boat had not
en disturbed for over two hours with the
eption of when it had been refilled with
fresh water and the old slicker had been re-
djusted to keep off the sun. Two poles
tuck out over either side of the skiff anchored
ff the entrance to a small bay giving evidence
ugh of the occupation of the fellows in the

boat was the slight movement of the floats
@ttached to either line as the husky minnow
own below that was being offered as a living
acrifice to any voracious pike or lunge that
) Might happen along that way, strove with
might and main to free himself from the barb
that held his two jaws together and also pre-
vented his escape.

One of the occupants of the boat appeared
__ to be nearly asleep, and lay in the stern of the

@

|

eecoae

F. V. Willia

boat with his hat pulled well down over his
eyes, while the other sat doggedly watching
the float. Patience was sure a gift with this
fisherman, but away back in his think-box
(pardon me, his head I should have called it) a
faint suspicion was beginning to form that
presently became a conviction, that the old
guide was right, quite right, that morning
when he had told them that it was about
useless to fish through the hot midday hours.

“Save your bait and your patience and go
out ‘long about four o’clock. The big fellows
begin to wake up about then to feed. I know
the rascals. I’ve watched them and studied
their habits too many years to waste tume*
when they’re sleepin’. yee ag

Splash! the supposed . sleeper—tangsuidiy
raised a hand and shoved bachis hat brim.”
Say Art le’s pull in under thé shade of the bank
and watch a real fisherman for awhile, p’raps
we might learn’a few new tricks.”
Wien Splash! Klir-r-r-r-r-ik-
ik.

op: Gy)

—F
bes Foz as

a

246 | ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

The lines were reeled in. The minnows
that had been on duty in their positions as
lures were turned loose in their native element
much to those small fishes’ delight, judging

by the way in which they made themselves

scarce; the anchor was hauled aboard; and
the one addressed as Art took hisplace in the

stern and slowly and smoothly paddled the.

light skiff toward shore.

“Which one?” indicating two kingfishers on
opposite sides of a long point seated on their
respective watchtowers, and apparently ob-
livious to anything in the world outside the
water directly below them.

“One to the left under the high bank, I
been watchin’ him a long time while—Oh you
thought I was asleep huh? Not much! not
out here in the woods ole boy, I may sleep
‘round town, but this is REAL out here. It’s
as the good Lord intended things should be.
“Back there’—he waved a hand toward the
distant raijroad—‘‘that’s man’s doin’s, and
it’s poor stiff compared with the real goods.”

“Say you know I shot one of them once?”
He nodded toward the blue-coated fisherman
on the stub. ‘Yep! I was curious to look one
over, I’d watched them a lot o’ times, and I
never saw one walk. All they do is waddle
like a duck. Their feet are ’way too small
for the size of their head.

“Yep! I shot one as I said before. I had
an ole muzzle loader an’ I was everlastingly
tryin’ her on something or other and I shot
ole Klir-r-r-r-ik-ik just to see what he looked
like up close, and I’ve been sorry ever since
—he was surely a beauty in color—but like
s@me humans he had no proportions to brag
about, head like a mallet, no expression to his
eye, beak like a spike and about four sizes
too large for his body, small body, and feet
and legs that look as if they belonged to some
other bird, they are that small. They’re
no ordinary bird believe me.”’

The boat was past the point now and
drifted slowly up to an old half-sunken tree.
Catching one of the strongest branches the
two investigators pulled the light craft almost

out of sight among the dead brushwood that’

haa lodged on the old tree trunk.

The crested fisher opposite paid them not
the slightest attention. He was busy, very
busy.

“Whackety-whack-whack, whack-whack,
first on tne rignt and tnen on the left. The
blows were strong enough to drop small
particles of bark and decayed wood from the
stub on which he sat, and presently the
subject, a fat minnow—was evidently quiet
enough, as the fisher bird threw back ‘his
head and with a throaty clatter proceeded to
swallow his prize.

“Psst! see over there under the high bank?
Well I'll bet you that’s the old boy’s home.
Watch him!”

_ Sure enough, he made another successful
AGE agate time the bird flew straight to
the hole_in the bank, clattering incessantly
and hovering-efore the entrance for all the
world like an overgrown humming bird above
a selected flower. A-few seconds elapsed and
the freshly caught fish was passed to a long
black beak that was extended to receive it,
and the male bird at once returned to his

wet Position on the stub.

ro

hd > 4-4 eee

The sleeper that had been—when the boat
was out on the lake now became a mighty
interested observer, while he of the fishing —
ability sat himself comfortably in the bottom —
of the boat, made a pillow of his coat and —
remarked that he’d take it easy, but to call
him when soreine exciting happened. ~~
The other grinned for he knew his companion
was a bit peeved at the hdt bright, cloudless,
calm weather that had spoiled the day’s
fishing. With a cheerful,—‘‘Cheer up we'll
go to it again about four o’clock”. he turned -
to make the most of the time at his disposah _
and give his attention to the bit of wild life
in front of them. . ’

From the bird his gaze wandered over to —
the hole in the bank. There was not a foot-
hold within .two feet of the smooth surface
of the bank. A mouse could not have stuck
anywhere on that place, let alone a bird as
large as the kingfisher, and the wonder of it ~
all was how the bird started his hole digging
without a foot rest. To the right was a pro- —
jecting branch long since denuded of foliage
which stuck stiffly out like a giant index
finger pointing toward the nest. Above for
three feet the bank rose straight up curving —
slightly outward toward the top, and judging
from its surroundings this nest was as nearly
safe from attack by forest prowlers as it was
possible for a nest to be.
* Two thirty came then three thirty, but
not a thing out of the ordinary had happened.
Once the bird had left his fishing and had
gone away on a trip down the lake, his long
dipping flight taking him around the farthest
point in no time. > He had gone away to
stretch his wings most likely, as he did not
absent himself more than ten minutes from
his post.

A red squirrel chattered from the bank
above, just scolding at the world in general,
evidently, as there seemed to be no answer to ~
his chatter. ;

Directly inshore from the skiff a wood-’
mouse ran out and along an old log, and a
wee warbler started his song directly above
the boat. Then of a sudden all these sounds
of small bird and animal life ceased.

Across the way and directly behind the
place where the bird sat watching for another
careless chub, the foliage was agitated for the
tenth part of a second perhaps. What was
it? The summer sun had dropped a bit —
toward the horizon and the shadows were a bit
longer and more dense, but watching closely,
the wicked little triangular shaped head of a
mink, or was it a weasel, could be seen as his
snaky body moved silently along the top of
the bank keeping carefully in the shadows as
he did so. Coming opposite the projecting
branch he dropped lightly down and after
watching the silent fisherman intently for a few
seconds ran lightly along the limb.to the
index point and leaped straight at the hole in
the bank,—and he made it without as much
as disturbing a spoonful of the soil surround-
ing the place. In a twinkling he had dis-
appeared within,—the observer gave the
sleeper a vigorous kick, and out of his dreams ~
Art started up to see his companion with his
finger on his lips pointing excitedly toward
the nest. Following the direction of his
friend’s gaze he saw first the kingfisher sitting

Mak
; tha ete atee
7

m his perch, he pened at the nest
then something happened.

‘mink in very much of a hurry came
cing out of the hole in the bank. Backing
full speed he was, and away he went slip-
ping and sliding down the steep surface
_ toward the water. In vain he tried to get a

ene. The place was too steep and
_ smooth, and to add to his troubles there was
a terrific clatter started from the hole he had
just left and the female came darting forth.
re _ At that her mate on the stub started as if

shot from a catapult. A small root gave the
mink a foothold for a second and he turned to

- defend himself, but the bird struck before he
could get set and although he bit at the wing
nearest him he did no damage but to clip off
a feather which floated away as the bird and
animal struck the water together. The bird
quickly regained his wings but the mink was
_ evidently badly hurt as when he tried to swim
’ away he left a dark trail of blood. His diving
‘tactics did him no good as the water was
exceptionally clear and the birds hovering
in the air above could watch his every move.

“Klr-r-r-r-ik-ik-ik”” right the other side of
the point. The two men looked up just in
_ time to see a third kingfisher sweep over the
bank, and as they gazed a second mink came
ig stealthily down a tree trunk near by. He
_ dropped his head and curled back his lips in a
- vicious snarl as the bird swept by within three
' feet of him. He seemed almost tempted to
’ spring at the flying thing that had passed so
- close, but the opportunity was gone as sud-
' denly as it had presented itself and gazing out
_ at the excitement a second or two the mink,
- evidently the mate of the one in the water,

_ slipped away into the brush.
__ Plop! Something dropped into the water
- almost alongside the boat and the fellow
nearest hastily scooped it up with the landing
net. It proved to be a small trout that the
third kingfisher had dropped as he saw the
trouble his friends were in.
_ & Away up the little bay there was a great
. hub bub, and clatter. The raider had had to
* come to the surface to breathe. His head
- was badly torn. That much could be seen
from the boat, and before he could escape
_ below again two of the birds had got home
with their attack. Even the watchers in the
_ boat could see the trail of blood now as the

_ chase neared the shore. Plunk! splash! One

KLIR-R-R-R-IK-IK-IK

‘bird was no sooner down and had cleared

water than a second would be on the way
now they mounted in the air a bit higher and
seemed to be discussing what was taking place —
near a certain big brush heap. There was too
much foliage at this point to make their —
attack possible and it was very evident they
were about to quit the battle, although their
excitement was still very much in evidence.

“Say! that fellow is trying to get ashore.
Let’s get up there and see the finish.”’

The birds had: withdrawn now, and perched me
on nearby trees they made an occasional sally 4
over the heap of brush, but made no attempt #4
to attack this refuge. The boys quickly
casting loose the boat hurriedly nandieds along
the shore and easily found the place where the
mink had crawled out. © The pebbles on the
shore were still wet and here and there were
blood stains. One particularly large spot :
of blood attracted their attention and pulling f
aside the brush they discovered the mink, who
was a sight to behold, his head bleeding "from
a half dozen cuts, one eye completely gone,
and a long tear in his side from which the life
blood was slowly ebbing The old vicious
spirit however was still there for he slowly
turned on his side as if to defend himself, and
raised his head slowly his teeth bared and
ready. It was his last effort for he fell back,
gasped a couple of times and it was all over.

The birds had won; they had killed the raider.

Picking up the dead animal they placed
him in the boat, mute evidence of what they
had just witnessed, and rowed slowly back
toward the lake. Passing the stub it was
seen to be occupied by two kingfishers, the
third one having disappeared. These two
were still chattering away as if they were
livi ing the battle over again.

‘Time to give those pike another try, but
say that was most as exciting as fishing. I
wouldn’t have believed it if I hadn’t seen it
with my own eyes,”’ remarked Art.

“Believed what, that they could kill a
mink? You got to remember it was a ques-
tion of defending their nest that started them
going, but Ill bet that mink never figured. on
finding anyone home. He probably thought
there were young in the nest and instead he
found old Mrs. Kingfisher there with an eight
by ten grouch on.

‘“‘He sure made some mistake, didn’t he?”’

“He sure did.”

AUTHOR AND HIS MOOSE

MOOSE BEFORE BREAKFAST

A NEW BRUNSWICK GUIDE’S EXPERIENCE

Avery Morehouse

T happened on the morning of the 18th
I of November 1914. As I had secured

my legal limit of deer and had decided
to clean my rifle and hang it up until another
fall, temptation assailed me.

The morning being clear, crisp and cold

I started out just a little before daylight. °

My outfit consisted of a small lunch, a .30—
30 Carbine Winchester Rifle which nowa-
days, by most sports, is condemned, some
declaring 'it suitable only to kill a ground-
hog or porcupine with. Now this seems
amusing to me, for without being boastful,
I may say that probably no man in New
Brunswick has killed more big game in the
last 16 years than myself, and though I have
owned different calibre rifles I have discar-
ded them all but the despised .30—30.

I have therefore come to the conclusion
that the man who condemns this gun is
either a fool or a crank.

I nearly always secure my game with one
shot from this gun leaving no cripples to
linger and die in some secluded place. I
have drdpped moose running up into the
50 inch spread with one shot at 50 yards
and upwards, which seems good enough
for me, but every man to his own fancy.
I find that any,or nearly all the modern
rifles are good ‘enough ; the main push is
the man behind the gun.
ea.So much for the rifle. Now I will try

‘confine myselffmore to my story. My

course was due South following an old haul-
ing road leading to a rapid running stream
called the Mactanaquac, my favourite hunt-
ing ground. I arrived there just at sun-up,
finding evidence of plenty of fresh deer
tracks, also of moose, the latter being the
object of my search.

In order to be a successful big game hunter
one must be an observer of nature. As
the morning proved too cold for still hunt-
ing, I had to keep moving. Following up
stream for nearly two miles, I found plenty
of fresh moose signs in evidence. Great
poplar trees had been ridden down, and
broken off at the tops, to get at the tender
shoots.
I knew full well nothing. but a large bull was
guilty of this act, there being hundreds of
acres of those trees broken down as well as
eaten off at the tops. These trees, when
not too badly broken, survive but have
only a dwarfed growth. The poplars furnish
food for the moose in this locality at this
poe time of the year. There are two

inds of poplar, one haying very white, clean,
bark, while the other has dark bark, the
latter being the favourite of the moose, as
it is more brittle.

Shifting my course back to the north and
coming to a thick swamp I crept through this
with the stealthiness of a tiger, knowing I
was approaching the monarch of the glen.
In a jiffy I saw the Moose standing out

248

By observing the size of the trees |

——— ho

S

thick under growth, head on,
not give me the desired chance

recently condemned .30—30. How-
er, with less time than it takes to tell it,
‘the stillness of the morning air my first shot
out, shattering his lower jaw as seem-
there was no other place to shoot at.

With the rapidity of lightning he nearly
‘stood on his hind feet.as he wheeled to go
‘the tall timber, thus giving me the oppor-
nity looked for. I-planted one more just
hind his foreshoulder and down he went
-a heap, collapsing almost immediately,
‘scoring another victory for the .30—30.

“his great head towering

NPS ty i Pie , ;
REAKPA
I then began to think about. :
man, it having just occurred to m hi
I had had no breakfast. Seeking a near “
brook I boiled my dinner, thoroughly enjoy-
ing my repast. eee
Arriving home in good time I made pr
parations for the morrow. By noon the
next day I had landed the prize in my door-
yard. Putting the tape across his antlers
I found the spread to be 52 inches. He was
a perfect specimen in every respéct as you —
will be able to see by the picture I am send-
ing, which I trust you will publish in your —
magazine.

j

a

_ Conrad Kain, well known ito Canadian
* mountaineers in his capacity of official guide
-to the Alpine Club of Canada, and who has
spent the past two winters in New Zealand,
ends us the following interesting account of
New Zealand bird, the Kea or parrot:—
_ There are many strange and lovely things
n the south Ireland of New Zealand. Na-
ture seems to have chosen from her treasure
stores her choicest and her quaintest where-
with to beautify this piece of earth and to
lave scattered them with prodigal hands on
ll sides. Here fumes. and rumbles a great
volcano amidst its deserts of slag and lava.
Hard by nestling in the most exquisite setting
f forests, starred with blossoms and musical
with songs of birds lie lakes like huge sapphir-
es. Hot springs gurgle and chuckle their
- invitation to the invalid to try their curative
waters. Mud geysers go plop plop like
' the morning porridge pot and the whole
hillside is alive with tiny fumuroles that
hiss and steam and fuss with all the import-
ance of their larger brethern. There are
‘long glaciers surrounded by great peaks
- crowned with eternal snow that raise their
imperial heads. Strange birds and small
beasts inhabit these charming and _ eyrie
aces and one of these birds the Kea or
t. Cook parrot I will try to describe. Kea,
Maori), mountain. parrots, are named by
the colonists, Nestor Notorbilis. The na-
es called it that from its cry, a defiant,
ree and yet, at times melancholy cry that
oes about the mountain tops, but to those
. have grown to know and admire the
birds, there is infinite meaning in its stately
assic name.
~The Kea’s birth and death are shrouded
mystery ; far up the heights its nest is
de, unseen by the mere men who crawl
about below. Those who have seen many
Keas can distinguish the young Swash-suckler
from the patriarch but still there is an air
of irrepressible youth about the latter, and
his eye has a wicked little twinkle that his
_ years should have quenched.

THE KEA,

Conrad Kain

The Kea loves the mountains. On them
in some inaccessible cranny in dark precipices
never reached by human foot, it rears its
young. Their lullaby is the roar of the
avalanche. Then again like the Highland
outlaw, the Kea has a price set upon his
head or rather upon his beak. This is the
blood money exacted by the relentless gov-
ernment in revenge and here again is analogy
to the old chieftains for deeds of dark and
dismal marauding. The Kea swoops from
his mountain eyrie on his prey, the harmless
sheep, and notwithstanding the disparity in i
size between the victim and persecutor, the {
sheep invariably get the worst of it.

The Kea is not perfect. He would not
be nearly so interesting a character if he were,
for even in humans, to approach perfection
palls .on friend or relatives. He has his
faults which make his virtues shine brighter
by contrast. One besetting weakness es-
pecially turns him aside from the paths of
rectitude. He is the victim of an hereditary
vice and has to blame his ancestors for his
crimes. Long ago, it is said, the Keas were
peaceful and respectable members of society
rather given to gossip and exceedingly in-
quisitive but with characters quite as good
as the average citizen’s. They lived on
berries and seeds, and were fond of digging
into a curious sort of fungus for the seeds
it’ contained. This plant found in many
parts of New Ireland, 1s somewhat like a large
grey-white cushion and at a distance, dis-
tinctly resembles a sheep lying down, in
fact it is called the vegetable sheep. When
the sheep first made its appearance in New
Ireland, the Kea, misled by the likeness,
settled upon its back in mistake for the
fungus. Imagine the horror of the birds
when his cushion seat rose up and began te
move. He naturally, as a circus performer
would do, shifted to the broadest part of the
sheep’s back and as was his wont began to
tear away with. beak and claws the woolly
covering. .He reached by chance the kidne
fat beneath, tasted it, and found it :

250
Ever since his descendants have followed

their ancestor's bad example and the sheep
farmer has much to say on the subject of

' + Keas and regards any admirer of the Mt.
. Cook parrot as a hopeless imbecile. It is
hardly to be wondered at when he finds his
yor sheep torn and mangled, lying about

is run, while the fierce foe is away to his

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA.

Dae ay oa."

mountain home with a comfortable sensat
of having dined at another’s expense.

The Kea possesses unbounded curiosity
and will endure much to satisfy his craving
for knowledge. If a man lies down on the —
grass and remains silent and motionless, in
a little while he may feel a Kea trying to” 7 ~
pull out the Alpine nails from his boots. be

NIPE come to their meals just before
S the dusk, and they usually give warn-

ing of their coming by their well-known
ery. The shots obtained are a test of keen
eyesight in a fading light, and a good dog
is absolutely essential in order to gather the
fallen, if there are any to gatker. The
sportsman needs to be well hidden, for the
snipe has a quick eye even in the half lights.
A thick bush or a tree makes an excellent
background if the hat is pulled down well
over the face, to conceal that most obvious
danger signal—and here no insult is intend-
ed—from the wary visitors.

Some sportsmen have advocated when
snipe-flighting the placing of a piece of white
paper on the ground near the gunner, as
they say this takes the bird’s attention from
the real danger. The better plan I think,
is to keep well-hidden and if this plan is prop-
erly carried out the snipe may settle on the
ground quite close.

A snipe rising at from 35 to 40 yards is
prabably the most difficult shot a sportsman
is called upon to make. No snipe is an
altogether easy bird to kill, though individual
members of the species vary much in diffi-
culty ; unless, however, a bird is really too
close to the shooter, there is nothing what-
ever to be gained by waiting, and quickness
is half way to success with snipe. Prac-
tically all winged creatures are harder to
hit when driven than when walked up, but
this is not true of the snipe, which becomes
a comparatively simple target when sent
over the guns. There are not many dis-
tricts where the tactics of driving are em-
ployed for unless the ground helps this plan

_ Of action, there are few more difficult crea-
tures to guide in their flight. As in other
forms of
line of flight, which of course, often varies
with the wind, but so long as drives are short
—very short—and the guns well hidden, a

> = ee

_ The skins of two chickadees were noticed

. the Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa.
Ps The chickadee is one of the most beautiful
wT and widely distributed birds, 70 per cent. of

ae whose food consists of injurious insects. “To
i all lovers of the Canadian woods, it is a general
favorite. There is every reason, humane

; aesthetic and economic for preserving it; yet
thoughtless, fashion-crazy women persist in

wantonly sacrificing it and others of man’s
~<thered friends to decorate their millinery.

COtsscaan _.

SHOOTING SNIPE

: B. C. Tillett ee

riving it always pays to study the.

on a lady’s hat recently by an official of.

strongly flanked line of beaters advancing m4
simultaneously will usually send the snipe —
in the required direction. nea
Snipe-driving is seldom worth a whole ~
day’s shooting unless one lights upon a
district where they are plentiful. Even then,
owing to lack of cover the birds may be ex=
Walking them up, one could

all along the line of its flight. ;

Very often when shooting cannot be other-
wise obtained with these sporting little
birds, it will. pay to wait for them-at dusk
in some favourite feeding spot previously —
decided upon. In walking up snipe, the ~
shooter will have the most Success if he works _
by himself. No birds are more quick of —
hearing or more on their toes, and only the ~
most tried and obedient of dogs should ever
be taken out for this kind of sport. ee

A windy day that has followed a night of
full-moon, and whenever possible, go at
the birds down wind as this makes the likeli-
hood of a crossing shot the greater. The °
snipe shooter should be ever ready—chances —
may come at any second; nor should he
be slow in loading, for the birds when lying =
well, have a happy knack of choosing just 4
that brief second when the gun is open after
a shot for their appearance on the scene.

Fallen snipe should be gathered quickly, —
and before the eye is taken off the spot where ~~
they have fallen. Not only are they the ~~
most difficult birds to find in anything ap—
proaching thick cover, but a winged snipe 7"
will, make good leg-way. contrary to gen——
eral belief on this subject.

"¢

Not all women are included in this indict- ~~
ment, but the law should be amended to reach ©
those who will not refrain from patronizing —
the slaughter of innocent and useful birds.
Already, our legislators have forbidden the ~
importation of foreign plumage, but this must
be supplerffented by an act to suppress the
traffic in native birds. It should be made
illegal, not only to kill, useful rare and insec—
tivorous birds, but the vendors and wearers
ot the plumes of such birds should be punished
ikewise. ry

ate

f

ry

The followmg descriptive matter and il-
‘lustrations give a hint of some of the splendid
‘scenery that is enjoyed by the traveller along
the Mountain Section of the Grand Trunk
Pacific, between Edmonton and _ Prince
Rupert.

The Grand Trunk Pacific lines are carried
over the McLeod River on the fine bridge
shown in the accompanying illustration.
The McLeod River flows northward into the
Pembina and the first view of the Rockies can
be obtained from this point, the traveller
discerning the range to the south of the

fe ' Yellowhead, which is about 80 miles distant.

Roche Miette mountain (8,500 high) has
been a landmark for all the exploration parties
which have entered the Valley of the Atha-
basca. It is easily distinguishable from other
peaks and is the most picturesque of the first
group of Athabasca Mountains. The deri-
vation of Roche Miette is partly from the
French and partly from the Cree Indian,
“Roche” being French for rock and ‘‘miette”’
the cree word for sheep.

Jasper Park is the 4,400 square mile
national reservé, which under the control of
the Dominion Government, will remain for all
time a play-ground for the people and a home
for denizens of the forest. Big game abounds
in the Park, but while fishing is allowed, no
shooting is permitted. The territory adjacent
to the Park, is, however, a splendid hunting
ground for the sportsman. (Guides and out-
fitters may be secured at Hinton, Pocahontas,

/

and Jasper.

Boule Roche, (Rolling Stone), rises 7,500
ft. above sea level. The peak derives its
name from the fact that by looking at it from
a-point west a bowl, or ball, is distinctly seen
up on the face of the mountain. Brule Lake
is an enlargement of the Athabasca River:

Y. A splendid view of the lake is had from the

train. Jasper House, the old Hudson’s Bay

_ Trading post which gave Jasper Park its name
/ stood here, and the Lake was at that time

‘called Jasper Lake. When the post was moved
farther west to the next expansion of the

Athabasca, now called Jasper Lake, the name

Brule Lake was adopted from the fact that
the timber had been burned off the shore of.
the Lake.

)) Roche a Perdrix, a mountain rising above
the Valley about 4,245 feet was so named by
the French missionaries, doubtless because
the peculiar folding of the mountain, when
seen irom some angles, resembles the tail of
the partridge, “Perdrix.’’ On the north side
high, pa mountains stand up boldly with
vertical cliffs and steep, rocky slopes.

a rr

_ WESTERN CANADA ALONG THE |
GRAND TRUNK PACIFIC

251

Jasper House, previously mentioned, was
established in 1800 by the Hudson’s Bay Co.,
and while first established on what is now
Brule Lake, was afterwards moved west to
this point on the northwest shore of Jasper
Lake. The Company’s, representative, Jas-
per Hawes, named Tete Jaune (Yellowhead,
from his shock of yellow hair), travelled
through what is now known as Yellowhead
Pass over the Great Divide to the head of
canoe navigation on the Fraser and establish-
ed a minor trading post known for many
years as “Tete Jaune Cache.” Thus the
mame “Jasper” became associated with a
number of the important physical features of
the district. Roche de Smet was named for
Pierre de Smet, one of the early French
pioneer-missionaries. Coming from the east,

‘S

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

Rd

eeceeeeesesee

this mountain is to the south-west of Roche
Miette. Its‘graceful outline breaks the mid-

summer sunset glow.

:
“

s 7

Owhead Mountain, a serrated mass,
bling the teeth of a saw is situated on

ee

> Rainbow Falls are on the Moose River a
distance up stream to the north of the
and are reached after passing a series
ascades. So violently are the waters
cipitated that a dense stream-like spray is
up almost obscuring the lower part of
‘Falls. Thesun plays on the Falls for the
ater part of the day, throwing a large rain-
vy across the spray. Thus the name of the
s. From this point an old trail to Moose
and the rear of Mount Robson strikes
h from the road.

ver, flanked on the north by the Rainbow
nge and on the south by the Selwyn Range.
ww N

dian Rockies and stands up 11,000 above
valley, towering far above all the surround-

majesty of this mountain called it a
"among Giants, Immeasureably Su-
* Members of the Alpine Club of
made the first complete ascent of this
ain in the summer of 1913. A trail
) the north side of Mt. Robson, along
and Fork River, skirting the shore of
ena and up through the Valley of a
d Falls, passing within sight of the
us Emperor Falls, and‘ on to Berg Lake
Robson Pass. The trip to Berg Lake
be made in one day and is one of great

MOUNT ROBSON,-MOUNT ROBSON PARK

ih

ests

AIN.STREET—BRINGE GEORGE

{ a
‘ ha +

Fig

OUNTAIN FROM THE BULKLEY

Emperor Falls is passed while travelling The Nechako River drains the ‘great
along the Robson Trail while Berg Lake re- Nechako Valley, the area of which consists ©
ceives the ice that breaks off from the flowing of plateau and valley lands, suitable for ~
Robson glacier, and falls at intervals witha agricultural purposes. During the construg=)

, crash like distant .thunder. tion of the Grand Trunk Pacific line steam:

boats carried material up this river for more
than 100 miles.

i

‘The elevation of Hudson Bay Mountain is
9000 feet. Already nagjve silver, silver lead,
copper ores and anthracite coal have beén
found on this mountain. The Hudson Bay
Glacier is four miles from the track and is
"easily reached by saddle horse. Lake Kath-
tym along which the railway line runs is noted
for its cut-throat or black spotted trout.
* Hudson Bay Mountain mirrors itself in this
placid Lake.

Re} |

Roche de Boule is seen for many miles both
» east and wesi and is becoming known as the
» “mountain of minerals.’ All the ores found
‘in Hudson Bay Mountain exist here and in
many instances are being mined.

The Guardian of the Skeena is one of the
boldest of the mountains which skirt the
Skeena and it has been likened to the famous
Cape Eternity on the Saguenay.

_

‘sumptuously at his hands.
the telegraph agent ‘from Meadow Lake,

R. E.
AST fall, in company with Mr. J. D.
Noel, of Battleford, District Superin-

tendent of Government Telegraph lines,
the writer made a trip to Isle la Crosse.
Possibly a short account of our trip might
prove of interest to some of your readers.

We left Battleford at 7 a.m. on Monday,
September 13th, 1915, by motor car, heavily
laden with our grub box, blankets, valises, etc.
It was a typical, fine snappy, western fall
morning, and we left the Old Town feeling
tip-top in every way. We had obtained var-
ious reports on the condition of the road north,
and did not know how far we could go in the
car, but intended to go as far north as the road
was passable for a car. Mr. Noel had pre-
viously arranged with the telegraph lineman
at Glaslyn and Meadow Lake, the first
Government Telegraph Stations, to meet us
with two rigs at Glaslyn in case we could not
take the car any further. We reached The
Narrows, a distance of 26 miles from Battle-
ford, at 9 o’clock, having been delayed a little
on the road, fastening our baggage more
firmly on the car. There i
ment at this point, which is beautifully
situated between Jack Fish Lake and Long
Lakes. A visit at this point will well repay
anyone who enjoys beautiful scenery and
good fishing. Six miles further on, following
the road leading north west from the Narrows,
we reached the ranch of Mr. Bourre, who has
a large, beautiful native stone dwelling house,

with full sized basement, heated by a hot air

furnace, neat grounds and garden, a large
herd of cattle and horses, and is raising con-
siderable quantities of grain as well. The
country all the way so far, and up to fifty
miles and over north from Battleford, is a
first-class\ farming and ranching district.
After that you begin to strike the forest.

We reached Glaslyn, the first telegraph
office in the main line north of Battleford
(Meota is a loop line six or eight miles west)
a distance of fifty-three and a half miles from
Battleford, at 11.30 am. By this time we
had worked up a very fine appetite for our
lunch. Here we met Mr. McCartney, the
batchelor agent in charge, and fared most
Mr. McCordick,

was also there with his democrat and team
ready to convey us from there to Meadow
Lake. He reported, however, that we could
go a considerable distance further with the car,

so after completing our lunch we got away at

1 o’clock in the car, leaving Mr. McCordick
to fcllow with his team. For about fifteen
miles further the road was pretty fair, except
for occasional stumps of chopped trees and
many stones. We pushed on however, in the
teeth of a blinding snowstorm which had come
on about the time we reached Glaslyn, and
which made it more difficult to manoeuvre the
car over the stumps and stones.- The road
was steadily getting worse. We had a num-
ber of close shaves with the stumps, and the

256

is a small settle-.

CROSS. wis

Earle i 6 ie

S

‘e . 12 tae
car caught them several times in spite of my —
careful driving. We kept on, however, being
determined to shove the car is far as at woule
go. Finally, at 6 o’clock, it was getting y
dark in the dense forest through which
were passing, the stumps had become y
bad, and I was getting so tired driving
car, that we decided@® go no further with
having reached a distance of 95 miles f
Battleford. When we got out to examine
car we found that we had torn off the p
underneath, evidently having caught it o
stump. We got it the next morning by.
back on the road about a mile. We
to camp for the night, although there was |
water available so far as we could see. —
had a small quantity of drinking water in
water bag, however, and soon had the 1
up, a roaring fire blazing and supper re
There had fallen by this time, about two
ches of snow, and we had to spread our blan
ets that night on the snow inside the ten
Taking everything into consideration, ho
ever, we spent-a fairly pleasant night.
our coffee, the next morning we had
snow, but despite this the coffee was
at least so it seemed to us. The night
exceedingly cold for this time of the year, <
I nearly ruined the radiator of my car
neglecting to run off the water; in fact, it
all the next forenoon to get it thawed out,
having finally to light a fire in front o
radiator for this purpose. We thought that
we were about fifteen miles from Me
Lake and knew that Mr. MecCordick was
hind us with his team and democrat.
examined the road ahead and decided it wou
not be safe to risk the car any further. YV
therefore decided to wait for Mr. MeCo dick
He came along about noon, and we the
transferred the baggage from the car to
democrat, and chopped down enough
to allow us to back the car off the road, wl
is pretty narrow through the forest at ;
point. After eating lunch we drained the —
water out of the radiator, put the top up wit
all the curtains on, isckeou! the car, and 00k
everything out that could be easily carried off.
We then left the car there awaiting our return. —
Between Midnight Lake and where :
the car we had passed the previous day
Divide, that is where the water begins t
north; all south of this drains into the :
atchewan River. It is-in the vicinity of
Divide that some of the best moose shootin
The fifteen miles between this point and
Meadow Lake is pretty rough road. It took u:
about four hours to drive this, the democrz
being heavily laden, of course, with the thr
of us and the baggage. We reached Mead
Lake at 7.30 p.m., cold, tired, and raveno
hungry. For a considerable distance arov
Meadow Lake there is first class farming lai
open prairie in many places, interspersed
poplar groves. The country around
point is practically all homesteaded. .
district from about 75 miles north of

Se

4

a country. € ‘
- lodges along the road the previous evening.

RPT er ei. MINE nN)

ford to near Meadow Lake is a splendid moose
We had passed several hunters’

They also hunt bear, jumping deer, and oc-
casionally elk, together with duck, geese, timber
wolves, coyotes, etc. There is a settlement of
whites and half-breeds at Meadow Lake, and
the district tributary thereto of about two
hundred. The settlement has a substantial
Roman Catholic church, school house, two
general stores, and the Government Telegraph
office. Meadow Lake is not so well supplied
with fish as the lakes further on, Green Lake,
and La Crosse. : :

There is a great deal of ranching carried
on around Meadow Lake ; in fact, between
Meadow Lake and Green Lake, the next day
we passed through one of the finest hay
flats it has ever been my experience to see.
We passed through mile een mile of hay
nearly six feet in height, all very green and
succulent. The ranchers have cut an en-
ormous amount (thousands of tons) this
year, and yet they have not cut more than
half of it. I understand that at times this
district is flooded so that it is impossible
to cut the hay, but this year, having been
so dry, it was practically all available. Here,
I learned, lived a client of mine, Mr. Nelson
J. Clark, who has his ranch about 6 miles
from Meadow Lake. Mr. Bouillet, who
keeps a general store at Meadow Lake, is
a Frenchman, from France, having moved,
with his family, to this point about five years
ago. One of his sons, a French Reservist,
is now at the front fighting in the armies of
the Allies.

We left Meadow Lake the following day,
Wednesday, September 15th., at 2 p.m., and
reached the half way camping place between
Meadow Lake and Green Lake, known as

' Island Hill, at 9 p.m. We camped here

in a beautiful open, dry pine grove, and
enjoyed the night very much. We left for
Green Lake at 7.30 a.m. the following day.
The government road and telegraph line fol-
low pretty closely along the Beaver River,
all the way to Green Lake, and thence to
Isle la Crosse. The country, with the excep-
tion of the Meadow Lake district, is dense-
ly wooded practically all the way from Mid-
night Lake to Isle la Crosse, composed large-
ly of spruce, pine, poplar, white birch and
tamarack. The Toplee and other trees here
grow to a good height, from fifty to sixty
feet. Sometime or other it is possible there
will be a pulp industry established up north.

_ Speaking of Island Hill, this is so called be-

cause in high water, when practically all
this hay flat district is flooded, this point is
practically an island.

We reached Green Lake at 1 p.m., a dis-

? tance from Meadow Lake of about 45 miles,

and from Battleford 150 miles. Here the

_ Hudson Bay Company and Revillon Bros.
- have general stores, both in charge of Scotch-
men by the name of Campbell, not related

in any way. Mr. F. G. Campbell, man-

ager of the Hudson Bay post at this point,
- is a very interesting personality. He has
been thirteen years in the wilds, although

ipparently quite a young man at the present
ime—I should say not more than from
hirty-five to forty years of age. He tells

4 TRIP TO ISLE LA CROSS

Ay aM

us that this is the nearest he has
civilization during this period. He has bee
here only a few months, having previous
been up the the Mackenzie River distri
His wife is from Scotland like himself. They
have one child, a little girl, who was bor

in the Mackenzie River district. Mrs. Camp
bell made the trip from the north last ye
with the child, and on home to her people

ally kind to us in every way. They insist-
ed on us going up for tea in the evening,
and then prevailed upon us to stay all night
with them and have breakfast in the morn-
ing. We highly appreciated their kindness
after the somewhat novel experience to us
of having “‘roughed it”’ for two or three days.
Mr. Campbell had already arranged with
two native guides to take us in one of the ~
Company’s canoes from Green Lake to Isle
la Crosse. We had already travelled from
Battleford, a distance of 150 miles by land,
and it is about 150 miles from Green Lake

to Isle la Crosse by water.

The next morning, Friday, September
17th, we left Green Lake at 8 a.m., with the
two native guides, Abraham McCallum and
Celeste Merasty. It was raining quite heay-
ily, and not at all prepossessing for such a
long trip by water. We followed the Green
River for about ten miles to where it joins
the Beaver River, and then the Beaver River
for the rest of the way to Lake la Crosse.
The Beaver is a beautiful river, almost like
a mountain stream. The water is clear and
cold, and the banks are high and wooded
Tight to the edge. The leaves had begun
to take on their fall coloring, and for miles
and miles the scenery was most beautiful.
The water was very low, the lowest it had
been for years, and it was a little difficult
getting the canoe over the various rapids in
the river. There is any amount of fish,
and duck, so that we had no difficulty in
providing ourselves with all the fresh meat
we required.

The guides regularly paddled from 8 o’clock
until 11 o’clock, then camped from 11 o’clock
till 12.30, when we all had lunch ; at it again
from 12.30 to 4 o’clock, when the suides
have tea and bannock, then paddle again from
4.30 until 6 o’clock, when we put in for the
night. It was this afternoon, while we were
going down the river, that two beautiful
young jumping deer came down to the river
ahead of us to drink. We could easily have
shot them had we so desired. This same
afternoon we passed an Indian camp. They
had just shot a moose and were preparing
part of it for the table. We camped in a
spruce grove, high up on the bank of the
river this night, and arose the next morn-
ing, Saturday, September 18th, the guides
at 5.30, ourselves at 6 o’clock. We left camp
at 7.40. At this point I found my kodak
film rolls that I had purchased expressly for
the trip, did not fit, so that I could not from ~
this time on take any more pictures, much
tomy regret. It was a beautiful morning and
both the guides and ourselves were feeling
in fine shape for the day’s journey. The
former informed us that we would be going

a PS Pe

/ es =

258

through rapids pretty nearly all that day.
Ii is most interesting the way in which these
guides manoeuvre the canoe through the
rapids. They seem to know every turn
and bend in the river. When approaching
a rapid, they discard their paddles and use
green tamarack poles about two inches
through and ten feet long, peeled and trim-
med smooth. The man in the front stands
up most of the time when the canoe approach-
es the rapids, and watching for the best
place to steer to keep off the rocks. There
is a continual stream of Cree language pour-
ing back and forth from the front to the
rear of the canoe from this time on, the two
guides shouting instructions to one another.
We. however, navigated all the rapids with-
out accident, although it seemed to us that

we had one or two very close shaves towards °

wrecking the canoe on the rocks. And, by
the way, it is really wonderful the amount
these canoes can carry. Coming back we
brought an extra man for part of the dis-
jiance, and the five of us must easily have
weighed eight hundred pounds. Our grub
box, tent, camp stove, blankets, valises,
eic., must have weighed at least another
seven hundred pounds, so tnat we haa about
fifteen hundred pounds in this canoe, which

_was only about eight inches above the water.

Of course we walked the worst of the rapids,

and from the shore had a still better view

of the really interesting antics of these na-
tive guides manipulating the canoe through
the rapids. We reached Water Hen Creek,
where there is an Indian village, at 9 p.m.
on Saturday, September 18th. Here’ we
found 32 bales of telegraph wire lying at
the water's edge. We inquired from the
natives, and learned from them that Mr.
Perry, the telegraph line contractor, was
short of wire up at Isle la Crosse, that he
had arranged with these natives to bring
the wire down, and that they had failed to
carry out their coniract for lack of food.
This seemed ‘somewhat of a mystery to us,

knowing the large amount of game available.

However, Mr. Noel, after thinking the mat-

' ter over, decided to arrange to have the

-

wire taken down the river. We therefore
Save them some of our supplies; bacon,
bread, tea and sugar. They seemed greatly
pleased at this, and had the canoe, with

‘seventeen bales of wire loaded in a very few

minutes. and followed us down the river.
It was now cloudy and raining slightly. The

' guides told us it would be necessary for us

to walk past some of the rapids which were
now getting worse to navigate, and it was
here that a misunderstanding occurred that
cost us pretty nearly all the afternoon. One
oi the guides spoke broken French, and Mr.
Noel, in taking the instructions, understood
him to say-that we would walk about two
miles, when, as a matter of fact, it was about
twelve miles that he wished us to walk.
The result was that after we had climbed
up the bank and found the Government
road -we walked between three and four

miles when we decided that there must be

“\mething wrong. We then started back
~\ the road, and after walking back pretty
iw to where we started from, and not see-
anything of the guides, decided that

~

ROD AND ‘GUN IN CANADA. 52. ea

we had better go back the other way again.
It was now raining heavily, and we went
down to the river at several points, but could
see nothing of our guides or the canoe. Fin-
ally, after walking about fifteen miles in the
rain, we got in touch with the guides, who had
come up the road to meet us. We reached
the canoe at the foot of the rapids about
5.30 p.m., being wet to the skin from head
to foot. Everything in the canoe was wet
and we felt very much depressed. We got
in, however, and went a few miles -when
we decided that it would be dangerous to
go any further in our condition. We there-—
fore put into camp. The guides certainly
excelled themselves this evening in the speed
with which they put up the tent and got
the fire going. Soon we were drying our-
selves comfortably at the big fire, and shortly
afterwards the two men who were bringing
down the wire reached us, and we all camp-
ed for the night together. During the after-
noon, while we were trying to locate the
guides, I had fired off my shot gun. The
suides told us this had frightened four moose.

that were evidently close to the bank, and -

they had swam across the river ahead of the
canoe.

I understand that the custom among the
natives is frequently for several to go out
together hunting moose. If one is shot the
carcass is shared among all of the hunters,
the hide going to the successful shot. I
was very glad to learn that the natives are
very careful not to waste anything. What
meat is not required at the time is, in the
summer smoked for future use, and in the
winter frozen up for this purpose. The
hide is tanned, made into moccasins, gloves,
coats, etc.
careful to kill no more than they require,
and if later opportunity offers to bring down
another moose when there is really no need
for it, they refuse to take advantage of the:
opportunity. In other words they look upon
the moose particularly, somewhat as a ranch-
er or farmer looks upon his own herd, that
is, that they are their own particular proper-.
ty, and they govern themselves accordingly.

The next day, Sunday, was a pretty fine
day although a little cloudy. We rose at
6 a.m. intending to go through ‘the rest of
the rapids and reach La Plonge that even-.
ing if possible. This we accomplished at
6 p.m. We were now about 35 or 40 miles
from our destination, Isle la Crosse. Here
at La Plonge there is a large Roman Catholic
Mission. It was a novel sight from the:
river to look up this dark, cloudy Sunday
evening and see the buildings on the hi
ablaze with electric light at such a distance:
from civilization. The mission here has an
electric light plant of its own, the power
being derived from damming up the creek
at this point. ‘They have sufficient power
to run the electric light plant, and light the
Indian school, the church and other build-
ings. They have also a steam heating plant
installed to heat the school and church, a
commodious saw mill, barns and other build-
ings. It is highly creditable imdeed the
enterprise shown in this connection. The
success of the enterprise from the mechanical

standpoint is mainly due, I understand, to-

They are also, I understand, very —

‘

” *
\ a

ne of the Brothers, Bro. Joseph Burnhouf
who is apparently somewhat of a -genius
along this line. Although not an electrician
_ he, I understand, has studied the matter up
from books and installed the plant on his
own initiative. He is a most interesting
man*to meet, speaks three languages, his
“native language, French, also. Pnglish and
Cree, and is most intelligent and devoted
_to his work. He has a comfortable motor
- boat, which he built himself, and operates
most successfully. The buildings of this
' Mission were erected about nine years ago.
They have over 50 Indian pupils, there be-
img a priest in charge, together with four
Brothers and four Sisters. They are also
clearing the land and engaging to a small
extent in farming. I was informed by Bro-
ther Burnhouf that they had oats, a small
piece that went 75 bushels to the acre this
year. They have also some cattle. it is
Mr. Noel’s intention, I understand, to have
this point connected up with the govern-
‘ment telegraph line which is distant. about
eight miles. They are naturally exceedingly
anxious that this should be done. Across
the river there is quite a settlement, about
15 families of whites and Indians.

Our guides were pretty tired by this time
and we decided to request Brother Burnhouf
to take us the balance of the way to Isle la
‘Crosse in his motor boat. We found that
he had only about 15 gallons of gasoline,
which by the way costs from $1.50 to $2.00
a gallon at this point. He said it would take
about ten gallons to make the trip that we
wanted to make, which would leave him only
about five gallons of gasoline for the rest of
me: the season, as it would be impossible for
a him to get any more before winter. The

Brothers were exceptionally busy at this

time as they are now completing their new

church and Bro. Burnhouf has supervision

of same, and apparently many other duties

to perform. Despite this, however, he very

kindly consented to take us in his motor

boat the next morning, and the guides were
. highly pleased over the news. Accordingly

the following morning, Monday, we left in
__ the Brother’s boat at 8 a.m. and had a most
_ beautiful trip down the Beaver river to Lake
la Crosse in the forenoon. We anticipated
some difficulty in crossing the lake in case
‘there was a wind as the lake is very: rough
sometimes and people in canoes and even
motor boats have occasionally to wait for
several days at the entrance to the lake be-
fore they can cross to the settlement of
Isle la Crosse. We lunched on one of the
islands at a beautiful sandy breach, and
found the lake rather rough. By the way
Lake la Crosse is a very large lake. It has
bays leading off it from 15 to 40 miles long.
The name, I understand, is derived from

_ discovered the Indians playing a game on
one of the islands very similar to the game
of lacrosse. For this reason they gave the
mame of La Crosse to the island, Isle a la
wrosse.. Aiter lunch the Brother decided it
‘would be all right to cross the lake to the
mission, which we did. In crossing the lake
‘the first object that meets the gaze is. an
“immense cross erected on a high pole on a

TO ISLE LA CROSSE —

- the word “‘lacrosse,’’ the first settlers having -

©

high point of land near the mi
sight of this cross made somehoy
unexpectedly, a deep impressio
It recalled most vividly in these
roundings the teachings of my chi
learned at my dear old mother’s kn
that other lake spoken of so frequently
the Bible accounts of the journeyings of
Founder of the Christian religion. I thor
to myself, does this cross and all that its
for in our modern 20th century, rotten as
is with Tammany politics, graft and h'ypoe- ~
risy, war-ridden, and apparently half “de-
mented with the craze for pomp and ;
play, explain why this mission was found
so many years ago? Does it explain w
these people have given up the comforts of
refined homes in many cases, and the privi-
leges of the better side of our modern civiliza-—
tion to spend their lives among the races of
Northern Canada endeavoring to uplift them
to a higher standard of living? -These de-
voted missionaries are endeavoring to teach
the poor simple natives a better way to live
and worship than their old way, so well ~
described by the great Irish Canadian who

_ met his death by assassination on the streets
-of Ottawa on April 8th, 1868, the eloquent

Thomas D’Arcy McGee, describing the re- ~
turn of Jacques Cartier from Canada to his ©
native country France:

“He told them of the Algonquin braves, the
hunters of the wild,

Of how the Indian mother in the forest roeks
her child,

Of how, poor souls, they fancy in every living
thing

A spirit good or evil that claims their wor-
shipping.”

And at nine o’clock on the evening when
we left the mission a couple of days later and
I looked back over the beautiful moonlit
waters of Lake la Crosse, the last thing I
saw was not the commodious buildings of the
Governor and Company of Adventurers of
England, trading into Hudson’s Bay com- —
monly called the Hudson’s Bay Company, -
or the trading post of the more modern
Revillon Freres, but it was the gigantic
pole on the hill surmounted by the emblem
of the religious faith common to Roman
Catholics and Protestants, to Briton and.
German—the Cross of Christ.

We called at the mission and met Father
Rappe, the senior priest in charge. Father
Rappe informed me that he had been here
since 1879, a period of 36 years, this being ~
his first and only mission. The Indian ~
school is closed here at present since the ~
opening of the school at La Plonge. [I un- =
derstand, however, that they expect to set ©
some Sisters in the spring, and if so they”
are going to re-open it, and it will then be ©
a school for both whites and natives. I ©
learned that Father Rappe frequently travels ~
nearly one thousand miles in the year visit= 7
ing his people. The church at this pomt i a7
large and commodious building and at times, ~
I am told, is filled to the doors. As many
as a thousand people are tributary to this
point. We obtained some very interesting \
information with reference to this mission, ~

9

construction camp

260

It was established in 1840, seventy-five years
ago, and the Sisters went in in 1860. It
seems to me that very few people are aware
of the age and importance of this mission.
Here also are the stores of the Hudson Bay
Company and Revillon Freres, and before
the war broke out a very large trade was
done at this! point in furs.

At the present time, however, this. in-
dustry is paralyzed by the war, and busi-
ness is very flat as a consequence. It will
no doubt pick up again after the war is over.
The whole country up here is a veritable
hunter’s paradise. Game of all sorts is in
abundance. The natives live well when
times are normal. So long as they can get
reasonable prices for their furs to enable
them to buy flour, tea, sugar and tobacco,
they are happy. Of course at certain times
of the year it is more difficult for them to
catch fish and get the other game, but they
have all sorts of methods of preserving the
meat—tfor example, as I have before intimat-
ed the moose meat they will smoke and dry,
and thus preserve it in the summer. In the
winter it is an easy matter to freeze it up.

While we were there fish were in abundance
-- and of splendid quality.

We went in the motor boat to find the
of. Mr. Parry, who is
completing the telegraph line to Isle la Crosse.
We finally located the camp by running up
a little creek leading into the lake. We
found Mr. Parry and his men in good spirits
with the line pretty nearly completed. Mr.

' Parry had an abundance of supplies at the
camp, and treated us right royally while

we were there. We stayed at Isle la Crosse
a day and a half. On the )second day we
went with Mr. Parry to the end of the wire,
which was back seven or eight miles from
the camp. Mr. Noel tapped the wire at this

‘point, and endeavored to get through to
Battleford. He had considerable difficulty

in this, however, and it was not until about
four o'clock in the afternoon that he was
able to get his messages through to North
Battleford, and have them repeated from
there to Battleford. He forwarded tele-
grams conveying our greetings to the mayors
oi Battleford and North Battleford, and
sent also some personal messages for our-
selves to relatives at Battleford. Mr. Parry
hoped to complete the line the following
Saturday, that is September 25th, and. ex-
pected to leave for Battleford with his men
on the following Sunday, September 26th.
He thought it would take him about two
weeks to come in with his men and outfit
over the government road, and hoped to
go back later, after the ice froze, and
put in the line across the water to Isle la
Crosse proper. High masts will be required
for this purpose as the water span is pretty
wide, and the ice at times jams badly. He
would also, he tells me, if he is instructed,
connect up La Plonge mission with the trunk
line by putting in a lop line about eight
miles. We left the camp on the evening
of Tuesday, September 21st, called for a
short time at the Isle la Crosse mission, and
then the Brother thought that as_ there

might possibly be a wind on the following

day it would be better to cross the lake in

ROD AND GUN IN GANADA _

-“The water in the Beaver river is

the evening. We therefore had a beautiful tt
The even- —

moonlight ride across the lake.
ing was mild and the trip was one of the
finest I have ever enjoyed. We camped
where the river joins the lake, and came up
the Beaver river to La Plonge the follow-
ing forenoon, where we had lunch at the

mission. The officials at this point were
exceedingly kind to us and supplemented
our larder with some of their own fresh
butter, bread, etc. We got away in the

canoe, paddled up the river back towards
Green lake about 2 p.m. and covered con-
siderable ground that afternoon, part of

the time with a sail constructed out of a ~
loose piece of canvas, sailing with a> fine
north wind blowing. The following day we
overtook and passed three men, fire in- ~
spectors, going up the river. Here also we
passed, anchored in the river the gasoline
launch of Mr. Beattie one of the govern-
ment officials of the north. Friday, Sep-

‘tember 24th, was a very unpleasant day as it

snowed hard all day. We stayed in camp
all the forenoon and made about ten miles ©
in the afternoon, very uncomfortably. The
following day we left camp at 7.15, picked
up another man at Water Hen Creek who
wished to come with us, promising to paddle
all the way if we would let him come with
us. This was the hardest day’s paddle we
had, about 40 miles to Green Lake which
we reached about 7.15 pm. Mr. and Mrs.
Campbell of the Hudson Bay post very
kindly invited us again to spend the night
with them at their house, which we did
and were very glad to get under roof again,
and get cleaned up and rested. On
day we got away about noon on our drive to
the half way camp on the road to’ Meadow
Lake and completed our journey to Meadow
Lake the following Monday forenoon. Mon-
day afternoon we drove the 15 miles from
Meadow lake to where the car was. Here
we found Mr. Eli Nault with his gang of men ~
working onthe government road, and we
camped with them. Mr. Nault was doin
first class work, taking out the stumps an
stones and levelling the road, and hoped
to get through to Meadow lake that fall.
The following morning we started up the
car and came home the ninety-five miles
the same day, reaching Battleford at 6.40

p.m.

Rather a good joke was played on us by
the young man whom we brought up from
Water Hen creek. When he came down to
the canoe Mr. Noel and myself did not
expect that he understood English in any
way or anything but Cree. We incidentally
made some humorous remarks about his
appearance. JI commented on the fact that
he had on button boots instead of moccasins.
Mr. Noel said,.““Yes, he has probably been
attending a dance.” TI rejoined that it was
a long way to go to attend a dance, and so.
on along this lme. After we had been pad-
dling about an hour and Mr. Noel and I had
been discussing the natives in general and
this young man in particular, he turned
around and said to us in perfect Fuel
ow
this year.” We recognized that the joke
was on us, and during the rest of the trip

ry -

Sun- |

hat ae 8;

ee
vie. ./f

. Green lake governed ourselves accord-

ingly, and conversed with this young man
- in English from that time on. He was a
first class paddler and’ assisted us materially
in getting up the rapids. “

- Another thing that interested me greatly
was the reports of the relatively speaking
efficient work done by the native Indian
doctors. The young half breed, one of our

_ guides, Abraham McCallum, was, we were
' informed by Bro. Burnhouf, seriously shot
in the arm a few years ago when away up
one of the rivers hunting, caused by pulling
- the loaded gun towards him out of the canoe.
The arm was badly shattered, and he came
very near dying through loss of blood. The

Indian doctor; however, treated him and

apparently his arm is as good as it ever was.

I understand that these doctors frequently

amputate limbs successfully, and this with-

out the aid of chloroform or any of the well
known anaesthetics. They must do con-
siderable of this work as there are no medical
- doctors in this country ; in fact we saw no
qualified doctor from the time we left Battle-
ford until we returned. The Brother in-
formed us that it is really wonderful what
these native’ doctors do with the use of
various wild herbs and other decoctions.

They charge quite heavily for their work,

and also to instruct others in the art. It

up a little farther if one had the time.
~ I might say that the natives we met creat-
ed a very favorable impression. No one
could ask for more agreeable companions
on such a trip than the two guides we had.
They were in perfect health, apparently
quite cleanly in their habits, showed no
marks of dissipation, were always cheer-
ful, and exceedingly grateful for any. kind-
nesses extended to them. I am of the opin-
-~ ion that the native appears in a much better
light in a district of this kind, considerably
removed from civilization that he does when
exposed to all the evils of civilized life and
- particularly to the ravages of whisky. The
» north is now a prohibited area—no intoxicat-
- ing liquors of any kind being allowed north
_of township 55. This may be a little hard
on some of the Hudson Bay factors and
others who could make very good use of
_ brandy for medicinal purposes, but the bene-
. fits, no doubt, more than counterbalance
' the evils. We learned that only a few years
_ ago three natives were all drowned at one
_ time in the Beaver river because of being
- intoxicated and falling out of the canoe. Mr.
‘% Noel and myself have very great pleasure in

P TO ISLE LA CROSSE

would be rather interesting to follow this .

*

recommending our two guides, Abral
Callum and Celeste Merasty, to anyo
takes a trip into this district. Th
certainly first class guides in every
and old Celeste Merasty combines
this a very rich vein of humor in his
original way. oy

Now for what impressed me most on t
trip. Two things leom up largely in
mind as the result of the journey nort
One is the importance of this government.
road and telegraph’ line, extending so-‘far
north from the Battlefords into the northern
country. It ought to mean a great deal to

both these places, as it will no doubt divert ©
considerable fur and other trade this way, ©
and have a tendency to open up this north
The whole country as I- have ~
Te=
serve, and what surprises me is that more
people do not take advantage of it from this

country. TI
already intimated is a splendid game

standpoint alone. Hunters in Ontario will

go hundreds of miles to obtain no better —

shooting than can be found 75 miles north
of here, at\very small expense.-,. For two or
three fellows who wish to have a fine outing

I know of nothing better. .A good time to

go is during the month of September when
the flies and mosquitos give no trouble.
With a canoe and one Indian guide, providing

they are willing to paddle some themselves, .

they could ‘travel hundreds of miles through-
out this district and enjoy outdoor life with

the best of scenery and fishing, and shoot-

ing for their own use only, of course during
the close season, on the way.
The thing that impressed me the most,

however, was the devotion and energy of.

the Roman Catholic missionaries in this
part of the country. It certainly requires,
it seems to me, great devotion to live the
lives that these people do. There is no
doubt of the beneficial influence that has
been exerted over the natives through these
missions ; in fact apparently the only civyiliz-
ing and refining influence at work in this
country, practically speaking, is the Roman
Catholic missions, and the effect is very
noticeable throughout the whole country,
in the manners and modes of living of the
Half-breeds and Indians. In conclusion I

‘would say to the people of Battleford. and

North Battleford, take advantage of this
government road, and learn more of the north
country. It will well repay the time and
expense necessitated ; in fact the actual ex-
penses may be very light and a first class

trip can be made in from three weeks to a

month.

ie
_ © “The Trail of the Indoor Outer” is the title
- of a little book by Raymond E. Manchester.
“The Indoor Outer,”’ though amateurish and
inclined to be sentimental over things of
ommonplace interest to the professional, is
cere in his enthusiasm,” writes the author
f thi$ book in one of his opening paragraphs,
his trail through the year is an interesting
me. It starts at the same time the profes-
- sional outer’s trail starts, that is in February
when the snow is still upon the window ledge,
. ets the same call. A day comes when the

newspaper, the hearth fire, the game of whist.

or the novel, gives a man nothing to enthuse
over. | Every occupation is tried in vain.
Something seems wrong with the world. Then,

by chance, a fish-hook is mentioned and the —

magic word is found. The trail starts.”

Very interestingly Mr. Manchester in his
little book of less than fifty pages follows the
trail throughout the spring and summer days
and back to winter again.

The Geo. Banta Co., Menaska, Wis.; are
the publishers.

‘

A SYMPOSIUM

PROTECTION OF THE GAME
| SANCTUARY >

- E..R. Kerr

the delectation of wealthy sportsmen

is about the most trivial occupation
in which a province or an organization could
engage. But it is very much worth while
to preserve wild life for its own sake, to
guard it from extinction, and to maintain
the natural balance between fowl, insect,
animal; fish and plant.

The game refuge is the best device yet
conirived for the preservation and perpetua-
tion of wild species and of sport with a gun.
Game laws with their closed seasons, their
restrictions of bags and other inhibitions
are only partially efiective, because they
are so frequently and so easily violated.
But a sanciuary where game animals and
birds are safe from attack the year round
is soon populated by wild life which, realiz-
ins their safety, bear their young under. the
best possible conditions.

It is found, too, that the regions surround-
ing such a sanctuary are also repopulated
by the overflow, affording the best of hunt-
ing in season. For this reason the plan of
having a number of refuges of medium size
well scattered is better than a few large
ones. They form a chain of centers from
which the restoring of the natural species
goes on rapidly.

Doubtless every sportsman who has been

- following these pages has, by this time, been
scheming out some plan to protect the game
sanctuary from the menace of the predatory
animal and poaching: gunner and I sincerely
hope that those whe have come to a con-
clusion will not hesitate to give all of us an
opportunity to peruse the same. Upon this
undertaking I venture my views in connec-
tion with this serious question.

An inviolable preserve in which unmolest-
ed breeding is going on, seems to me, much
more important than aitempting to pre-
vent the taking of game in the open hunt-
ing areas outside of the sanctuaries. If
game sanctuaries are established through-
out this province, I believe, through a re-
organization, by the government, of its out-

_ side service, some of the present wardens
could be utilized to much better advantage

Tit preserving -of fish and game for

cerned, could materially be reduced. We

2

ON MATTERS

in oversight of the refuges than the over-
seeing of the many acres and miles at present
entrusted to their care and attention and
seldom covered by them anyway.

It also seems to me that if we provided
these rangers with rifles, traps and other
contrivances, the menace of the predatory ~
animal, in so far as the sanctuary is con-

must not underestimate the influence the
presence of arms, in the hands of the ranger,
would have on the poaching gunner who,
as a rule, is a coward and of course it would
be most desirable that the ranger be pro- — ~
vided with a lodge in the heart of the refuge.
The pelts from the predatory animals, I
think, would provide a revenue, sufficient,
to reimburse the government for expendi-
tures for such equipment.

This arrangement would, I believe, very
well protect the upland game birds and
songsters and might permit, without ma-
terially increasing expenditures, of the ap-
pointment of good, strong and capable war-
dens to patrol, prevent violations and re-
primand frequenters violating the laws around
water areas visited by migratory wild ducks.

With a Game Protective Association in
each county, composed of the right kind
of sportsmen, the menace of the predatory
animal could be materially reduced in the ~~
open hunting areas through the payment, ~—
by the government, of consistent bounties;

tJ]

~~

out of the county treasury. The associa-

tion, also, could give considerable atten- :
tion to the poaching gunner and general ~~
law-violator, eas)!

With such a system of the sportsmen work- fe

ing in co-operation with the government;
the sanctuaries equipped with rangers hold-
ing the highest possible public esteem and
respect, our wild life would be receivin
protection never before known or realized * —
in the Province of Ontario. Every sports-
man in Ontario must be placed upon his
honor to abide by the law and “back-up”
ee government in the enforcement of its
aws. ty

With the advent of protective laws every
citizen must realize he has much greats

‘ / KY}

~ ay

yee 4 ‘ tei

ROTECTIO

We Ponte

| ee SU Cp SM Se, SS res "
; responsibilities and duties, as well as respect,
_ for the game birds and animals he is per-
' mitted to kill. If ever, in the history of
- Ontario game legislation, the onus was upon
. the hunter, it is to-day. If you permit the
game in the opening hunting area to become
i depleted ‘you must be prepared to sacrifice
"a reasonable period of time until the over-

a HEN I came out of the tent he was
ig W sitting by the fire and his sudden ap-
Fy pearance in a spot that had been vacant
- a moment before startled me. But I gave
him. good evening and he returned it quietly
as if he had been in the habit of meeting me
often. The sound of our voices brought my
chum out, and he looked at our visitor, then
at me and I could see him say—
“What do you know about thal?’’? but he
didn’t say it out Joud, and he also greeted
our guest, and asked him if he had had supper,
for that is the way-of the bush. Receiving a
‘reply in the negative we hustled round and
soon had the tea, bacon, and bread and butter
ready, with a pan of trout over the fire for a
second course, when we would be ready for it.
From the way our visitor clamped strips
_ of bacon between two pieces of bread and then
cut off hunks of both with nis clasp knife, we
knew he was a bush man alright but it was
not until we had the pipes going that we made
_ any attempt to become better acquainted.
- If I had been in doubt as to what our man
_ was his plug of “Index”? would have settled
‘the question. This way some years ago and
_ the bush man of Ontano was wedded to his
_ “Index”? in those days just as his Quebec
brother to his Canadian twist. The twist
- has invaded Ontario lately however coming
- with, and even ahead of, the Frenchman
_ from the sister province; and like him it holds
_ what it has and gains more each year. The
- race may not always be to the swift but in
his case the battle is to the strong, if smell
' counts for anything.
_ I noticed that our bush man had taken
- stock of our outfit, and I was not surprised
when he opened the talk by stating rather
than asking— .
- “You gentlemen on a canoe trip with same
’ fishing on the side?”
_~ “And chum chanted, ‘“‘And the boy guessed
a right the very first time’? and added—
- “Do we look so awful green, old chap?”
“Oh no, I guess it is not, your first trip into
the woods. Have any sport?”
- “Some, but we only fish to get something
- for the pan, and that don’t take long in these
waters. But going out we may gather in a
_ few to take home. 7
' “How long have you been out?’
“Since the twenty-fourth, that is we left
wn on that day so dear to the heart of the
fisherman, but we have only been in the bush
nce the twenty-sixth.

OF THE GAME SANG

, w k

4 cps eee
Wow ;
rhs

i

UARY

flow from the “‘game plant’’ again re

es your allotted hunting territory. ~
You need have no worry in regard to th

sanctuary stocks.

hoy.
+
“

seed stock ‘safely
refuge.

A FEW DAYS IN THE WOODS *

Ci E. J. McVeigh

“And furthermore

quitos get full grown and sassy.”
“Well I can’t blame you much, and you

haven’t much time either; they are sure all

hell and repeat in June and July.

Did you
bring guns with you?”

‘““Not guns, but we did bring a couple of

rifles, on the chance of a wolf, bear, or bobcat.
Haven't seen anything yet though.”

““No I suppose not.
a day or two on the chance of a bear?”

Chum and I exchanged glances and then—

“Would a duck swim, how about it Mack?”

And I said that it sounded good to me. We

had paddled and portaged for two days anda

change would be welcome and chum added—

“Yes and I would sure like to make those
rifles do something for their keep, they have
only been a blamed nuisance so far. Bring
on your bear old man.”

“Well it’s this way remarked our friend

-as he dipped his old pipe in the hot ashes to
get a light. “I have charge of a few camps.

back here and there is some “‘sprung’’ pork
in one of them that the bears seem to want
more than I do.
move over there and bunk in with me for a
night or two and we will put some of that
pork outside and lay for Mr. Bear. I can’t
promise you a shot for sure but they have
been coming round the camp most every
night and have about cleaned up the cook’s
slop pile. In fact they have tried to get in the
storehouse after that loud pork and we might
get one.”

“T think it worth trying for anyway and I
know how bold some of those fellows are in
the spring when it is a question of grubbing
around a garbage pile.”’” And I asked Jack
my chum if I had ever told him about an

experience a friend of mine had out on the

C. P. R. in the mountains. And the graceless
loon said that I had told him so many yarns
that he couldn’t remember half of them but
he guessed he could stand it anyway as the
night was young, the weather fine, his pipe
going well—

I interrupted him here to say that he could

go to blazes and gave him my opinion as to
his mental make up which wasn’t really my
opinion at all for Jack is all right or he
wouldn’t have been there in the bush with me,
And I saw a broad grin in the face of our
shantyman when I turned to him to ask now

The nucleus stocks are
always safe and the danger of extermination
is eliminated through the presence of the
maintained within the

I struck in, we are) "3
going out before the black flies and mos-~ —

Would you lay up for

Now suppose you fellows.

264 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

far it was to the camp he had spoken of where
the overripe pork was and he said—
“Between five and six miles. You fellows

me not when you shake down the furnace, and a
don’t forget to turn out that light in the cellar”
and he went into the tent while I smiled at his

pack up in the morning and follow this lake nonsense. No I wouldn’t disturb him by a

to the head. Then up the river and over the — shaking that furnace, and as for that light in, Z

dam into the next lake and up that to the _ the cellar, bad luck to it, I wouldn’t have to :

head. You will see the buildings long before get out of bed and go down to turn it off for

you get to them. I will be there when you some time anyway. Why do we live in cities

come and now I guess I will pull out.” anyway, and have furnaces that require
Courtesy of C.P.R. “MOVING CAMP IN THE MUSKOKAS” i

We suggested that he stay the night with
us but he said no his canoe was at the foot
of the lake and he had some work to do in the
morning so off he went.

Jack knocked the ashes out of his pipe and
said that he was going to turn in.

“Not, he remarked “that I am tired but I
find that when I le with my eyes closed I caa
commune with nature without having my
thoughts distracted by sights that blend not,
nor harmonize such for instances as yours—

“Yes I know, I hastened to break in, I have
heard you commune all right, but I wish you
wouldn’t do it through your nose, it sounds
to me like a snore.

“Goth, also Vandal, see that you disturb

shaking, and electric lights, and milkmen, and .
bakérs, and butchers, and oh _ lots of
things. Every day in the week, the same =.
people, the same work Thank heaven there
is one day in seven when we may vary the
programme a little; and then we go to church.
Well that’s all right in a way, but who wants
a better church than this. What’s the matter
with that mountain over there for a steeple,
and there are lots of them out here. And do
we want calm and quiet, with a sense of our
own smallness? Then this is the place for us. .
There the hills look down on you as they have
on such as you for a thousand and a hundred
thousand years, and will continue to look
down a thousand years after we are dead. -

“a

What was that thing I was reading the other
day? It was written by a man who had gone
out to the coast. How did it go— 5
“Bring me men to match my mountains,
Bring me men to match my plains,
Men with broad wide dreams of Empire, °
-And new eras in their brains.
That was supposed to be the demand of
the west to the east, but how are we to bring—
“Say I’ll bring a club and swat the place
where you are supposed to keep your brains
if you don’t cut that out and come to bed.”

- This from the tent, and I felt as cheap as a

_ been talking out loud to my self.

hee what a break, but perhaps Jack would forget
_ itby morning. In any case it was up to me to
get to bed and give him the-chance, so I did
just that.

When you go to bed shortly after dark, and
sleep sound all night, six o’clock does not come
so early as it does when you go to bed at
twelve, or one. So that we were up and had
breakfast over by 6.30. By seven we had the
canoe loaded and were quietly paddling up
the lake. I always claim that in the bush
the main thing is not to hurry, and Jack
agrees with me in many ways, but he doesn’t
tell me so, he only does it. For instance we
agree that silence is often golden, and this
morning we didn’t exchange: half a dozen
words between our camp and the dam. But
he is in the bow and shortly after we get
under way he looks back at me and smiles,
while he sweeps his paddle out over the water
in a gesture that invites my attention to the
water, the trees, the hills, and the air. I just
grin back at him and _ we slide along, each
instinctively making as little noise as possible,
while that eloqtent paddle will point at a pair
of black ducks, flying low but fast, then at a
mink stealing along the shore, or a loon, as the
blue black head comes up to have a look at us.

_ Nothing much in all this of course, only it
is good to be here, good to be alive, and we
don’t for the time anyway, feel that we want
anything more.

The creek was alittle trying in spots, but
we were soon over the dam into the upper lake,
and it was not yet ten o’clock when we stepped
out of the Peterboro on to the beach near a
_ lumber camp of the Michigan style. It was
' ,quite a village in itself with the two main
» buildings, cook and sleep house, office, black-
~ smith shop, carpenter shop and _ stables,
' grouped in regular order and the proper dis-
tance-from each other. And here was our
friend to welcome us.

“Sa-goe old man, Sa-goe—(That’s Indian
for good morning) How are the bears?

The “man in charge” grinned at Jack’s
salutation, and nodded to me.
- “TI guess the bears are all right, they were
- around last night, one of them anyway. When
_ I got home'I threw out a few pieces of old
' pork and they were gone this morning.”
“Good boy, nothing like being kind to dumb
_ animals before you kill them, as the honest
_ farmer said when he fed the turkeys so they
- would weigh heavy.
pee up Jack and help me unpack the
oat.”
“Oh very well, you see,” turning to our host,

Seale tye OMG Ue i Meiaa aN Ri ag

A FEW DAYS IN THE WOODS

Ce er ae ee

“the only time this man talks is after la
when other people want to sleep. ei

“Here, you take hold and help carry this”
canoe up beside that building.”

“Certainly, with pleasure, and now shall I
put up the tent while you rest yourself.

But our host broke in here to say that he

thought it would be better for us to place our —

dunnage in the storehouse, and sleep in the
bunk as he had all we should require in the ~
way of blankets and grub, and then the tent
might make the bears a little shy for a time.

That sounded good to us and after that —
small job was done we proceeded to the office
building where we found things presenting
a very snug and comfy appearance.
was one room only, about 12 ft: x 20 ft.
door opened in one end, on the back wall there
were four bunks, and in the middle of the floor
a small cook stove. In each side was asmall win-
dow. Under one of these was a table, and under
the other a desk, while around the room were
several benches, of different lengths, and Il
noticed that the window sashes were on
hinges. This was all very nice indeed and we
told our friend so.

It was about time we had found a name to
call our host by, so I gave him ours and asked
for his. This proved to be Jim Cummings,
and Jack informed him that we would call
him Jim, and he could call us anything he
liked if he made good on the bear proposition.

It was now getting on to early dinner time
and Jack and J looked over the buildings while
Jim finished getting the meal he had on our
arrival, and at 11.30 we sat down to pea soup,
boiled pork and potatoes, bread butter and ~
tea, with a raisin pie to finish on. And then
after a smoke and some talk we all three went
out in a skiff belonging to the shanty, to fish
in the lake. .

At this time of the year the gray trout are
on the shoals, and take minnow bait freely, so —
that we soon had all we wanted and put in
the afternoon exploring the lake, and loafing.

After supper we made our arrangements for
our night watch and then there was nothing to
do but watch. Our’ plans were simple
enough. The office building commanded a
view of a portion of the yard from each win-
dow, and-the door. And we had placed some
of the “high pork” in three places, each being
Bley in view from one of the windows or the

oor.

When Jack carried out his share of the bear
bait, he remarked that if there was a bear
within a hundred miles who liked that kind
of fruit, he would know where to find it no
matter how dark it was, and if he had cut off
a few miles I would have agreed with him.
We had greased the hinges of both doors and
windows so they would not squeak and while
Jack and I each took a window, Jim sat near
the door with it open a few inches to allow
him a lookout. It was a clear bright night,
and we thought we could manage to hit
anything as big as a bear especially if we shot
low to make allowance for coarse sight, for
no matter how clear the night I find that you
can’t catch your front sight fine.

The waiting was becoming slightly mono-
tonous when Jack said:

.
,

7) ee, a er oe

| ARSE I RAS Aan pee
Palh- te yt Saas Dene eae Fee PEAY: 3
266 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

“Say Mack, what was that about Mer
friend away out on the C. P. R. Did it have
bear in it?”

“Tt did, but I thought you—

“Come now, didn’t I say that I could stand
it—and isn’t this the time for a bear story?

“Well this story is not mine, it is the other
fellow’s, and this is how he tells it.”’

“When passing one of the camps about
three miles from my own camp. the men told
me that a big grizzly bear came to their gar-
bage heap every night. They had no gun in
camp, and when they threw stones at him he
simply chased them into the shanty, and they
stayed there until morning. I made up my
mind to have a crack at that fellow, so after
supper I took a young Englishman ‘I had
with me and ran down with the light hand
ear. It was about dark when I got to the
camp and the men were all in the bunk house.
I knew where the garbage heap was and we
sat down with our backs to the track, facing
the garbage pile, but with a windrow of cut
brush between us and it. In about half an-
hour I could hear the bear coming, and pretty
soon the bones break between his jaws as he
‘began his supper. I couldn’t see him on ac-
count of the brush and knew we must make
a move, so I reached out and put my hand on
the Englishman to attract his attention. He
was shaking like a leaf but as I held my harid
on him he steadied down*and I told him to
stand up when I did, and shoot when he got
a good sight. Then we stood up at the
ready, and as we did so up came Mr. Bear on
his side of the bush. I guess he knew all the
time that we were there and rose on his hind
legs when we moved. I sighted for his breast
and let go, the Englishman’s shot was just
enough behind mine to enable me to know
that he had fired also, and I yelled run. The
young fellow got the start of me and was ahead
when we got to the track. I tripped on the
rail and fell and as I did that the bear went
clear over me. I rolled over and when I came
right side up I saw him thirty feet away—
waving back and forth as if he couldn’t de-
cide to follow the other fellow or stay with me.

But Ididn’t give him any more time than I
could help for I pumped in a shell and gave
him one in the head, and over he went. When
we examined him we found that the first two
shots had struck fair. One had gone through
the heart, and the other right beside it. And
eyen then he came very near getting me. I
didn’t hunt any more grizzly bears that year.’?

“Wow. Say Jim are these dark gentlemen
we are waiting for related in any way to that
cuss? Because if they are I don’t think we

_ should do anything to annoy them.”

I could hear Jim chuckle to himself before
he answered—

“Oh I guess they are related all right, but
only as second cousins, and when they run it
will be away from us, and blamed fast at that.
But if you see a cub around anywhere don?t
run out to pick it up until you are sure the old
one is dead. They don’t hunt trouble much
‘ak an old she does get peevish about her
cub.”

“All right let her keep the cub, I don’t
want any cub—Shee—By the great horn
- spoon, here are two, and d me, a cub.”’

had finished speaki

_ We, Jim and I, were beside P
, and there sure
were two full grown bears, nosing around t
pork while a cub waddled around as if looking
for something on his own account. I guess
we were all excited, remember two of us had
never fired a shot at a bear. But there was
no hurry, and I whispered to the boys to keep —
cool while we decided how to make the most
of our opportunity. And we decided that
Jack and I should fire at one of the large bears, __
while Jim took the other. This was made ~ —
easy for us in a few minutes by one of the —
bears mooning over to the second bait, bring- __
ing it in sight from the door. Jack and I ©
went to the door leaving Jim at the window,
and he was to wait for our shot. I pulledthe
door open, warning Jack to give me alittle
time as he would be ready ahead of me, and
then mar Wishes tae pit The noise of the ~
rifles was fierce, but I could hear a roar from
Jim’s side of the house as we pumped in fresh
cartridges, and a second shot from him before
we could decide whether to fire or not, as our
bear seemed to be down and out, es
As we stood watching for life in the bundle
of fur in front of us I asked Jim if he had got
als. ' og
“[T hit all right, but she went off behind ie
the stable with her cub, how about you? Oh ~ 4

I guess you got him” as he came to the door.

“You bet we did.”” This from Jack. “Do
we now go out and view the remains, or do
we wait until we are sure there is not sufficient —
life in that to swat us one.”

Jim turned to me and said: “Just give him a
him one in the head for luck I want to get out
after that other one.” ae

There was no movement in response to the
shot, so out we went. The bear was dead
all right and while Jack and I were looking
at him, Jim must have slipped away, and just
as we missed him we heard a roar from behind
the stable, the bang of his gun, and before we
got half way to the corner of the building we a:
met him coming. I suppose that he was
running but my impression at the moment “i
was that he was flying., And the bear was
close behind him. We jumped right and left
to let him pass, and I stopped, but Jack
didn’t. The bear went right after him, and
that first jump was a good start so he kept eis
right on, and was around the corner of the
stable before I had time to swing my riflé —
and send a shot after the bear. And Jimhad
not got back to me when Jack tore pastonthe —
second, lap. That was_one time he had no ~ we
remarks to make he just ran, Lord how he did gl Rip
run. The bear passed me and I had time for
only one shot, and then she met Jim. He ©
fired once, then dropped the rifle and he ran. —
But his shot had done the business, for the -
bear fell over her own head, rolled about
thirty feet and lay still. asx,

Then I lay down and laughed, and they sat weg?
up and wiped my eyes, and laughed, yes
howled. : MSD

Jack came up from somewhere and looked ©
at me. aii

“Say”, he remarked, “How do you feel
when you make that noise? If you were’n
weeping for me don’t weep for the bear.

“Where is Jim’’?

on

%

ou like bear —

y how d
Stata aed

tarlight? ¢ Minis
ut the real funny part is when

a . know, I was amused myself, at Jim.
yy Jim what did you run for?”

oa ” why to give you fellows a chance, the
- hun s for you, you know,’ a.

-“%t sure was for a time, I never had any-
hunt for me so fast in my life, and this
ow laughed.”

Well I guess it was funny from where he
od. But come on and get that cub.”

ow look here Jim didn’t you tell me not
) go round picking up cubs, you didn’t know?’
“Jim is right old man, we must get that
cub. We may get some fun out ofthat” I
added. ;

“Oh Lord, fun out of a bear, well, all right
lead on MacDuff.”

- On the way round to the stable I asked Jim
if he didn’t think it was a fool thing he had
done to walk onto a wounded bear all by his
lonesome. He said it was, but he expected
to find her all in, and each man likes to finish
his own kill.

_ “But, said he, I heard the cub give a squeal,
_ then she roared and came for me so quick I
just fired from the hip and ran. Did I make
pretty good time?

“Did you—Well never mind Jim it was a
good night for running anyway. But where
do you expect to find Mr. Cub? °

~ minute

and we >
snuffle.” ey.
Sure enough, in a moment we did
whimper, and following this up founc
baby bear in a small tree. He was only ab
ten feet from the ground, and we tried
shake him down. But not he. . Then Jac
started to shin up after him, but he just climbed
on up, and kept out of reach. Jack slid down
and remarked that it was satisfaction to know
that he could chase a bear even if it was only
a little one, , Bu) is
Jim now went for an axe, and coming back
he cut nearly through from one side and then
he and I pulled it over until it came of its
own weight when we lowered it down gently —
while Jack stood prepared to gather in his —
cubship. A,
“Steady now he admonished us, “I see the —
beggar. Come now let me get a grip on the —
back of your neck—Wow—You son of agun _
you take after your mother, don’t you’? i
And away he went after the cub, that had — ‘a
clawed his hand, then seooted. ‘ee
We dropped the treé and went after them
around the end of the stable, and when we
caught up Jack was standing looking down at
the cub, while the poor little orphan nestled
against his dead mother and whimpered.
As we came up Jack glanced at us and said:
“Oh D—!’ and walked away to the office.
I felt that way myself, but we couldn’t leave
the baby there, so while I made passes before
his little nose Jim caught him by the slack
skin of the neck, and we followed Jack.

—

rT;
a

quoted a letter from Mr. A. H. Sheriff,
BS Deputy Minister of Game and Fisheries
_ for Ontario in reply to a query made by Mr.
_§. C. Cain in regard to Sunday angling.
_ The position taken by Mr. Sheriff as quoted
by us has given rise to considerable con-
| troversy. While there is, as Mr. Sheriff
has said, nothing in the Dominion Fisheries
‘Act to prohibit fishing on Sunday, except
where fishing happens to be the ordinary
-avocation of the one so engaged, an Act
passed in 1845, that is twenty-two years
‘before Confederation, known as Chapter
4 of the Revised Statutes of Upper Can-
, which prohibits fishing on Sunday,

Be [: our April issue of Rod and Gun we

_ SUNDAY FISHING IS UNLAWFUL

as well as many other forms of amusement
or pleasure remains in force, not having®
been repealed by the Dominion Parliament
which now has jurisdiction in such matters.
The Ontario Department is of course not —
charged with the enforcement of this Act
but with that of the Ontario Game and Fish-
eries Act and the observance of the pro-
visions of the Dominion Fisheries Act.
Rural magistrates, however base their de-
cisions on this Act when they fine offenders

for Sunday fishing as magistrates and coun-
ty constables know that Sunday fishing has
been held to be unlawful for over half a cen-
tury and is still so regarded.

Parrot Sentinels on Eiffel Tower

- Birds have been enlisted to the secret ser-
vice of the air.

They have become useful in Europe as
-sentries to warn men of the approach of the

stationed a number of these birds on the top
of the Eiffel Tower, in Paris, in order to warn
the sentries of the approach of German
Taubes. Before the craft is visible to the 7
human eye the birds bristle with excitement =
and then begin to screech. Their acutenessis
due not to their eyesight, as one might sup-
pose, but to an unusual dcuteness of hearing, —

which enables them thus to give a valuable —
warning. 4

HE second group of flies that comprise
i the winged food for the trout are the
ca, yf flat-winged flies. The flat winged flies
_/ are exactly what their name denotes: they
_ carry their wings either flat to the body or
Slightly roofed or arched slanting over the
_ body. These flies are generally water bred.
_ The life history of this fly is however quite
- unlike that of the nerve-winged, or upright
winged fly and for that reason the informa-
- tion I am about to give may be enlightening.
_. The flies that come under this head are
~ called caddis-flies. Mark that name!
The reason of the name is this. Caddis in
old English means case. Caddis flies mean
case-flies. That is to say: the larval form of
his fly makes for itself a sort of a case either
sticks or pebbles and in this case holds
himself at home, creeping out of the case
ften at will, or towing it along with him if he
of the case-carving sort. If you have never
aid any attention to it before perhaps you
‘will sometime in the future, if this is really
_ new information to you.. On the bottom of
treams you will find hundreds, nay, thous-
‘ands of these cases. Perhaps you did not
_ previously know what they were. You may
have marvyelled at their construction, made
as they are of sticks, leaves, etc. Yet these
__ are the cases in which the flies of this sort live
_ their underwater life. Yet there are two
_ sorts of these larvae. The first one has what
is Known as a moveable case. Wherever he
' goes he drags the case along with him; his
head being outside the case as also a certain
appendage or hook with which he pulls him-
self forward. The second larva makes his
case stationary.
at will. He never tows this around with him
as does the larya which has the moveable case.
In the first place we come to the egg of the
caddis fly and this is generally deposited upon
a leaf of some bush overhanging the stream;
this egg is hatched by the sun and it falls into

THE LURE OF THE DRY FEY?)

Robert Page Lincoln

He can creep out or into it -

the water and sinking to the bottom at once | t
(even in this minute stage) begins to make for _

their eggs.” Vi Ah
Samuel G. Camp remarks: “The portable _
houses are built with light stuff, bits of twigs, _
bark, leaves, vegetable matter and the like.
The fixed cases, usually founded upon a rock
are constructed of sand, fine pebbles, bits of
shell and material of like nature. In either
instance the building material is held together =
by silk spun by the creeper. Whenthe proud —
owner of one of the portable houses wishes to
fare forth on a little foraging expedition he
takes no chances—takes the establishment
r ght along with him. The head and legs of
the creeper are extended beyond the case and
the house is carried along by means of two
hooks on the larva within the case. More- |
over, merely as another instance of the oc-_
casional slight difference between instinct and
brains—and another illustration of the all-
wise provisions of nature—and, furthermore,
as showing that the inventors of section:
bookcases and filing cabinets. need not neces-
sarily be over-proud, the humble larva of the
sedge fly, from time to time, as its growth —
suggests the advisability of larger accommo-
dation, adds further sections or enlargements
to its residence to suit the requirements.”
The creeper or larva keeps on growing but
the time finally comes when the change must —
be. And, says Keene, ‘“‘after a time which ©
may be protracted to several years by lo st
temperature and exceptional retardation _
development—it becomes quite restless. F
ally it ceases its slow but unremitting, ¢
stant search for food, and closes up the mout h

y a silk-like fluid, hardening in
d remains quiescent for a time.”
this stage the insect to be is taking
pe; the wings, body, shape—the head
g into being. It is now undergoing
'* the change from the larval form to the pupa.
When the time comes to break out-it has a set
or bracé of mandibles with which it cuts
through. Once cut through the mouth of
the case it swims upward through the water
_ (protected as it is with a veil-like skin) and
_makesforshore. It crawls up on some stones,
or in a dry place and there eventually the
final change is made from the pupa to the
' * imago, or the perfect insect, in a word:
fly. The pupa may split the case and emerge
an imago in from one hour to a day.
Remember therefore the various stages.
First the egg laid on a leaf; this is hatched and
the nymph falls into the water. This nymph
(or larva) after a period of from one to more
years breaks from its case as a pupa. An
hour later, on some dry rock et cetera it
breaks its final skin and rises in air, the ‘per-
- fect insect, or the imago as it is technically
_ known. Allow me to say that if you were
ere in the dusty realms of entomology for
thi

% your body; your spine would be tingling; at
‘ * night you would go. into delirium ending
~ finally with unconsciousness and an unhappy
death. ;
In the previous chapter and in what I have
said in this chapter I have given you a brief
insight, into the life history of two representa-
tive trout flies—/flies that trout actually feed
upon, and which are trout food. And before
I go,any further I will answer here a question
that may have stuck in your minds. You
will ‘say: why should we concern ourselves
about these insects? We do not care any-
thing about entomology. We have our
standard regulation flies; they work fairly
well and we are satisfied. But there you are
fooled. If you stop there my friend, content
to remain at that post, allow me to say that
you are losing two-thirds of the charm of trout
§ fishing. It is all well and good to fish your
_ standard regulation flies and I will concede
_ that you will have luck some of the time.
But what a difference where you try to ex-
eeely copy nature, from flies that you collect
on the trout stream and which you are certain
the trout are rising to and feeding on. My
views can be no better set forth than by
uoting what J. Harrington Keene says on
this subject. .

**The intelligent angler, the advanced exact
imitationist picks a dun or spinner with his
landing net from the water, sits down and
' imitates it, and thereafter kills fish. If he
_ does not he varies the shades and sizes of his
" ‘flies, not the colors and forms in a haphazard
"way. Herein surely he behaves as a rational
being, acting from what premises his ob-
servation has afforded him. And to sum up
_ the whole thing: all I seek to promulgate in
» the exact imitation theory is an application
of the rules of common sense. If you fish
» with an imitation, let your imitation be un-
* compromisingly exact; do not be satisfied
~ with less because some ignorant fly-tyer can-
. not make anexact imitation, and if the old way

‘J
Py

Anya Ah Ue AN iat ory.
LOPLI - NOTE aa ‘
col 1 oh NOES A APE NEN a:
of gluten secreted by of presenting the lure does no

the .

s there would be beads of cold sweat over. ’

the similitude, then reform the
and bring about a really scientific
worthy of the gentle craft in the nine
century.” Bats ih |

There you have it all. Study the stream
you fish; study the flies that are in and around
the . water. Determiné whether they ar
water flies, and actually trout food, the
imitate them with artificial imitations as we
as you can construct them. First of all le
me make some additions to some supposition
that have been made. Your fly tying materi
should be first quite complete.
flies (the natural ones) one day; return hédme ~
and there at your leisure tie your artificial —
imitations.
as well. The supposition I have spoken of is
that anglers should carry a vast mass of fly
tying material with them. Very few do this. —
But this material in any quantity might be —
kept at your stopping place, cabin, tent or
boarding house.

We now come to a third series of flies that
are food for the trout and which are also of
the flat winged order, and the Perlidae (or
stoneflies) are not case-flies.
can readily enough be told from the caddis,
flies if your eye is half way sharp. The
stoneflies are identified by their wings which
show considerable narrowness, and at the same
time are quite long. These wings are kept
well together. But the best means of identi-
fication is the length of the wings, and es-
pecially their narrowness. Remember that!
The egg-laying is much the same as that
followed by the family Ephemeridae, save
that when the change is made from nymph
to imago (or the perfect insect) this specimen
dees not split skin under’ water, rising over
the surface on wings. Father it creeps up on
shore and there lays aside the skin, which
splits along its back. Other representatives
of the stoneflies(or the order Perlidae) are the
Yellow Sally and the Willow Fly. Personally
I do not believe either of these worth bother-
ing with. Neither in another order do I think
the alder fly much of consequence though I
may be mistaken.

The great complaint that the average
angler will have against the methods that I
have portrayed—of fishing for the trout with
the dry-fly is that it is so exacting; that no
one has time to go about the business in this
manner, believing it foolish in the extreme.
I will admit that the average angler would
rather buy his flies already tied; he would
rather leave the study of insects quite alone
and choose from purchased flies some that
look like those falling to the surface of the
water and which trout will rise for. Popularly
it will be held that dry fly fishing is not a sport
for the average man, and must be left to those
who take infinite patience in employing their
art of fishing. I do not know how. true this
is but I believe that more and more as time
passes anglers will become greater artists
in angling than they hitherto have been.
Now, needless to relate, few anglers take
fly-dressing material along with them, and
finding a certain insect along the stream that
the trout seem to be feeding upon go to shore
and lay that insect before them trying to
duplicate it by an artificial creation. But the

Collect your —

The next day they will serve ~

z
ly

The Perlidae’ —

*" manufacturers.

y

270

angler that can get himself to do this will find
a fascination in the business that is delightful
to say the least. The idea is not to see how
many fish you can hurry into your creel, but
to see how intelligently you can copy Nature
and deceive the trout; by actually making a
fly that looks like an insect and which will
prove killing all around. You are most sure
of success in making such a fly when the trout
seem to be feeding all along the course of the
stream upon one individual insect to the
exclusion of many of the others, and this I
may say often occurs. Then if one has the
art of fly tying down to a science he ought to
be able to construct imitations of that living
fly. and presenting them on the surface in the
dry form or even wet should have success far
and above the ordinary. But here the
averAge angler for trout will balk; he has not
ihe time or patience, and does not care to so
employ his time. But he will use any old
flies and will cast all day long without success
along a stream where a few moments, pos-
sibly. of work would yield him surprising
results. And once one has fried this; and
once he has won trout by so doing he will
forever adhere to the system of tving his own
flies.

We have not universally adopted the
form of dry fly fishing, upon this continent,
this for the reason that the majority of our
streams are not adapted to it: but of the
fact that there are waters where the dry
fly will work to perfection there can be
no doubt. Dry fly fishing is the rule in
England, and leads much the same as wet
fly fishing leads in America. And there is
no doubt*but that it is more of a science
applied, there, than here. But at the same
time there has been no noticeable improve-
ment over old forms of the trout fly. They
are not the perfections of art that they should
be. and they are far from approximating
the natural. The dry flies sold by well-
known houses should be the highest upward
reach in art (and that art should be the exact
imitation of the natural insect), as such is
very often not the case. As a matter of
fact we have nothing as yet in the ready
tied form, open to purchase that each and
every angler cannot tie himself and make
ten times more of a success of it than the
The point is that. in “‘exact
imitation” we have not progressed one iota
and that it will yet be some time before flies
are placed on the market that will be worth
anything. Dr. Harry Gove comments in
a letter to me as follows on this point which
has been our pet subject for a matter of six
months:

“The developing and perfection of the trout
fly which at present is the subject of our
mutual research requires careful handling.
We are taking up the idea conceived by

Mr. John Harrington Keene and myself

as to the almost perfect imitation of the
natural insect. I do not think that either
you or I would care to attach our names
to the crude and unsatisfactory methods
at present employed. Now before it escapes
my attention an artificial fly should not
carry with it the impression that it is dead.
I do not think it possible that the most deli-
cate manipulation can impart natural mo-

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA |

a hed AER)

\ + PS i eae
tion to a fly on the finest egening line imagin-
able. Life-like appearance an
essential to success. Is it possible to put —
animation into an inanimate object, with- —
out imparting artificial movement? I say it
is and it is going into our new flies. Here,
for instance, we have a May fly tied to hook.
It is a ridiculous feather harlequin caricature’
supposed to imitate the real object. Here
we have another fly tied to hook. It is sup-
posed to honestly be an imitation of a natural
insect and it is so dead that not even mo-
tion could resurrect it.” ;

It has been quite a treat to view seme of
the productions of Harry Gove, and I trust
the time will come when flies (the result
of his genius) will be placed on the market
and that fishermen universally will have
a chance of trying them out. On all points”
these flies are the highest example in work-
manship and ingenuity that I have seen, and--
are so deceiving that the trout cannot fail
to rise to them in almost any waters, whether
wild .or civilized—civilized, as a term goes.
More will be written about these flies in the
future, a topic of great interest to those -
anglers who are tired of the old unworthy
productions and’ want something that has a
touch of the great art upon it.

I have already commented upon the fact
that the average angler does not care to take
up the study of entomology in its various
channels, it taking up too much valuable
time. If taken up completely, it is a pro-
cess undoubtedly difficult and brain tickling
to any but the born student. However a
practical study of entomology, sufficient
for the needs in view will answer for the
purpose. As a slight help to the prospective
student, desiring knowledge as to collecting ~
implements, and preservatives for his wing-
ed catch I may quote from Halford’s wor
on Entomology, as follows:

“The dry-fly man who wishes to identify
the winged insects floating down the stream
or the immature forms in the water below
the surface should provide himself with three
nets: an ordinary butterfly net with a
short handle to it ; also a small net like a
landing net on a diminutive scale on a ring
of, say, three inches in diameter; and a
net for digging up larvae, nymphs, etc., from
the weeds or mud on the bed of the river.
The butterfly net is useful to collect insects
in the air, sweep them from the rushes, etc.,
or even held in the water to intercept any
little insects or larvae drifting down. The
best material for all these nets is cheese-
cloth. The digging net should have a strong
iron frame. For rapid examination of the
insects and in many cases for their identifica- ~
tion, a pocket lens is all that is required.
One of the modern aplanatic lenses with a
linear magnification of ten diameters and
for examining mouth organs, males’ ap-
pendages and such matters requiring a great-
er magnification similar lenses x 20 or x 30
can be procured from all opticians. If the
student should wish to preserve any of the
insects for future reference, he should, when
collecting, drop them into a tube contain
what I call the collecting fluid, consisting 0
one part rectified spirits of wine, two parts
two per cent. formalin, and as many crystals

motion are

Sh) IA oe ih Maa aa ida
hoor oF ra

a4 a

of menthol as it will dissolve. The solu-
- tion requires erering before use. As soon
as they are dead and have sunk in the collect-
ing fluid they are transferred to the per-
manent preserving fluid which is two per
cent. formalin. What is called two per cent.
formalin is made by adding one ounce ot
formalin to 19 ounces of water and filtering.

It is an inaccuracy to call this a two per cent.

formalin solution, as it is in fact a two: per

cent. solution of formic aldehyde. Formalin

is the trade name given to a 40 per cent.

aqueous solution of formic aldehyde.”
Previously I have spoken considerably on

the fact that dry fly fishing in England and

dry fly fishing im this country are widely

different matters. For instance in the mead-
ow-land country in England the streams
_ are placid-flowing, and the sides of the streams
kee may not one third of the time be clogged by
Le brush and trees. One can deliver a fine
ee | long cast without interference, or hitching
up in said brush or trees.

Here far-off casting, even on wide and
placid flowing streams is most all of the time
out of the question. If we are reserved to
short casts on mere pools I think I am stat-
ing our conditions quite plainly. Therefore
an entirely different line of tactics must be
employed.

Under normal conditions the dry fly is
always cast upstream and the fly is drifted
down. In this manner the dry fly man may
stand in the stream and have open way
back of him in which to lengthen and dry
the fly even though the nature of the shore-
line, t. e., as regards brush and trees, makes
esting therefrom and part overland a thing
that is impossible. Viewing our conditions,
open to dry fly fishing I must say that I
rather take exception to the words of one
dry fly writer who comments that ‘“when-
ever and wherever possible the dry fly man
should cast upstream and whenever he deviat-
es from this golden rule his chances of suc-
cess are indeed remote.’ If the dry fly is
fished on our waters I assure you that this
rule will not hold water as often, out of
direct necessity one must fish against this
rule and it will be proven to you if you try
it out that many trout will be taken despite
this assertion by the above-quoted English
~~ writer.

- The method of drifting is one of these
methods, which is practically against ‘the
fules of dry fly angling in that the fly is
drifted, or allowed to float downstream where-
as regulation methods of dry fly work would

But drifting the fly is rarely done save when
there is a bad wind blowing which makes
casting against it rather a miraculous thing
_if- you do achieve success at it. In drifting

the artificial fly downstream the chances
of success some writers hold are minimized.
For, they will argue, the fly floats down
backward instead of head forward which may
or may not be against the rules of the living
insect, which, presumably should float on
downstream head first. Nevertheless drift-
ing the fly has proven its virtues, both for
fishing on likely days and on the more blustery
days. To ome ntsh this you merely let out
line always askuring yourself that there is

~

_.) PA TY eee ew) ee Os ee ee
m4 Ps "4
2 ‘

FISHING NOTES -

shave it that You fish directly upstream. |

FAY, Ny

a slack. If you are fishing for a rising fish —

you drift the fly over him, if possible and —
when you have it a matter of five feet be-
low him you begin to work the fly toward ©
you taking it in with the left hand. If there —
is a rise for the fly you set the hook with the -
line, striking with the hand not from the reel.

In the effort to give as much naturalness
as possible to the floating artificial fly (to
make it imitate the actions of the real live
insect) one must always look out for what —
is‘ known in dry-fly parlance as the drag. —
The drag is a term applied to a fly that the ~~
water speeds up, floating it faster than: the
living fly would float. A fly so floating, it
is held, looks suspicious in the eyes of the
trout to such an extent that they will not-
rise for it. To remedy this the drag must
be removed and the artificial creation made
to float as nearly like the real thing as pos-
sible.

Z The line itself primarily is the cause of the

rag.

_ The floating of the fly faster than normal
is caused’ by the water in certain places
forcing the line ahead. Thus if the fly has
been cast in relatively placid »water and
the space between the spot where the fly
alights and yourself, is fast, the fly will be
pulled along faster than normal. The pre-
vention of this occurrence must be assured
if real fine fishing is to be had. There is
practically but one way in which this may
be remedied. The fly must be cast and
slack line must be assured below the fly so
that not only will the fly float naturally
in the still water but the slack “will not be
eaten up while the fly drifts into the fast
water. It is the pull of the line upon the
fly that causes the drag. But with a slack
below the fly there will be no pull and the
fly will take its way along, floating as na-
turally as ever.

The gist of the above will easily be under-
stood.

There must be loose or slack line below the
floating fly for the most obvious of reasons.
Just how can one master this; how can
this slack be assured. Very readily if one
is watchful.

The fly is cast ; as it falls to water the rod
tip is lowered. The result is a general loose-
ness to the line that should make for the
slack desired under the circumstances. It
is this lowering of the rod just before the fly
is ready to drop to the water that should
be adhered to as a rule in dry fly fishing.
Unless this is done ; unless the rod is lower-
ed at the right moment the line will shoot
out straight and the line will le straight on_
the water. The drag, or the pull of the line
on the fly will then produce the so-called
drag. This straight line should then be
watched out for and guarded against. It
is the drag that is the most bothersome of
all the things connected with dry fly fishing.
If this drag occurs one must remedy this
failing, or have poor success as a direct re-
Sult ; especially is this true if one is fishing
along streams where the trout, through the
constant witnessing of man’s effort of do-
ing him ill has become partially “‘civilized”
as a term goes. As one writer says, “The
importance of avoiding drag cannot by any .

272

ossibility be exaggerated, and it may be
airly stated that nine-tenths of the ill-
success of men who appear to cast well and
understand their work is due to their want of
appreciation of this most essential principle
of dry fly fishing.”” And, “It is the most
important factor in the dry fly fisherman’s
art, pattern of fly, judgment of the size
of fish, combining accuracy and delicacy in
the first cast over a rising fish, keeping out
of sight not only the fisherman but his rod—
these are all essentials to success. Every
one of these essentials may have been carried
ou most effectually, but if the artificial tly,
instead of following the natural course of a
living insect, drags, the rising trout is set
down by the abnormal procedure and the
chance of rising or killing it is deferred for
some considerable time.”

Many a time in dry fly work one has
occasion (upon our ungoverned streams at
least) to cast a fly upstream and _ across.
If one is fishing over a rise this must be done
with practiced care. The locale having care-
fully been studied the cast is made.in such a
manner that the line falls in a curve above

ing Day!

Other delights are not to be com-
pared to it. Pleasure, in the opinion of the
writer, was derived by the delving lexicono-
grapher from the word, “angling.” But
more pleasurable than June-days, or mid-
Summer, brook delights, is that climax to our
expectations, the Opening Day for trout.

_ At this time of year I am in a passion of
enjoyment over rods and lines, eyed flies
and snells, leaders and wands of bamboo.
I ask only to be left alone to my own reveries
near silent or musical waters, hearing the
birds and casting now and then a fly, even

Cie by! me to the witchery of Open-

- though it come back to me productive of

nothing save that rare sense of anticipation.
There is more to the word ‘“‘fulfillment,”’
as connected with the word angling than
most people imagine. If the enjoyment
of angling consisted wholly in the catching
of fish, angling would take its place among
the rest of the commercialism ridden units,
and would not exalt, but would rather equip
one for plunder and rapine.

Opening Day came upon me almost ere
I was aware of it. For days, nay weeks,
nay months, I had been anticipating the
return of the season. February faltered to
an end, rather cold, and dreary, and un-
promising. Then came March, a_ fretful
and fevered month, with scarcely a day of
warm sunshine and many blustery days.
Before I was through with my speculations,
the end of that month came and April stray-
ed in, tossing a bluebird into the still chill
atmosphere. She opened up a brook here
and there, and the waters chattered and

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

fy tr

‘ are
"2 4s

the feeding fish. The central point of this
curve is quite ahead of the fallen fly, and
the water hitting this curve forces it down
but by the time this curve, or slack is worn _ i
straight the fly will have floated over the’
feeding fish and a capture may have been .
contrived. The curve to the line may ordin-

arily be assured by casting well above the
feeding fish, at which time, the fly show-

ing an inclination of dropping well to water.
an indrawing of the rod and a checking of —

the flight of the cast should send the fly —
inward or down, and the curve above. if
may say that this is a rather difficult process,
but once mastered the point will readily be
attained ever after.

The idea to be remembered is that there
eee must be slack line, thus to prevent a
rag.

And this holds true whether you cast
directly upstream ; or upstream and across
or part upstream and part-down ; or if you
drift your fly. There always must be an
appreciable slack after the manner I above
sought to explain. ,

THE RETURN TO THE GOLDEN EYE

Robert Page Lincoln

leaped into play, and nearer, nearer, came we
the opening day, almost before I knew it—
but not quite. With nervous feet I trailed
cityward. I extracted from a dusty office ~~
a very grouchy and .winter-cramped being ‘
by the name of Jim. Jim said he was sorry ~
but he couldn’t go out that opening day.

Therefore I made it my duty to have him

sand-bagsed and hauled away in an auto-

mobile (literally if not figuratively, if he

would not condescend to listen to my vaga-

bond appeals.) He listened.

Being a poet I sighed long and heavily
and started in to depict the delights await-
ing one who goes out at the call of the Red
Gods ; how much better one would feel after —
just one little trip; and how much easier
it would be thereafter to wrest from old ~~
Mammon a few more round dollars. «fi

Finally Jim grunted, looked me over in
speculation, saw that I was on the verge —|
of tears and finally said that if it was real a
so bad as that, he would go. in

‘“You see I had expected to wait a while,”
said Jim. “The streams are muddy yet,
and the fish will be pretty dull anyhow.
The Golden-Eye fills with mud doesn’t it?”

“There haven’t been any rains, at least not
to speak of—a mere drizzle, and the snows —
have been scarce. The other streams are
not so bad. The Golden-Eye is good for
it any time.”

“T was intending to go to the Kilikinick,
and the Willow River district, cross the line,”
mentioned Jim, swinging in his chair, and)
intercepting the eye I had levelled on his
stenographer, “but the whole outfit herein ~~
town are going to pull for that region and

= 5

Bet cas there is a good chance of every avail-
able foot of stream space being taken_up by
enthusiastic disciples. All mght. Call. it
Opening day—and we'll make it. I will
_ only lose about a hundred dollars, that’s all.

And it will make good copy for you. And

what you wouldn’t do for fishing news isn’t

worth telling about.”

“Say,” I suggested, to get his fever started,
“Did you know that there is a tributary to
the Golden-Eye?—a fine, woodland encircled
stream flowing toward the river, and widen-
ing out when it gets over there in the lowland
region close on the big stream. If there

are no trout there then why aren’t there?”
“Search me,” said Jim, his brows rising
' to the hair-line. ‘“‘A new stream, ha? Well,
well—this is bad news. I receive it just as

I would the death of my wife and loved ones.

Been there, know anything about it—any

disturbing noises. When were you there?”

“Two summers a-gone,”” I tranquilized,

: sinking back into the arms of Reminiscence
A. and taking my cue I let my lids half fall over
; my eyes as though recalling the receipt of a
hundred dollar bill, or a dime found in an
old vest. “I was camped ten miles from
there ; wandered over; was June; every-
thing lush and fine ; saw where it connect-
ed, and speculated on what a fine trout
stream it would be. Ideal country, that.
If the trout run to the headwaters of the
Golden-Eye then they also may be found in
the stream adjacent.”

“We'll try it,” said Jim, nodding his head.
“IT have faith in you. Toss in the shelter
tent, and some blankets and come through
with the horse and buggy, night of the four-
teenth, so that we get a good start and be on
the spot ready for the opening day. You
do that and be on the place and I will do the
rest.”

* So it was agreed, and returning home I
went about getting things in order, finishing
up my work that I might pull out in due
season. A light buggy, and a good horse,
with fine roads and nothing to hamper me,
and I was at the home of Jim the evening of
the fourteenth and that night we had a royal
confab in Jim’s sanctum sanctorum, his smok-
' ér, and here it was that we went over the
_ captures we were to make. No failures
were even suggested. Jim’s pipe became
_ asthmatic, and gurgled, and this was a sign
_ to turn in.

> We got under way in the early morning,

‘and leaving the smoke enveloped, and sound-
mec city behind us were in due time
‘Tolling over the smooth country roads. There
_ iS a rare individuality about some of our
fine country roads. Whether in winter or
-™m summer there is always something about
them that stimulates pleasant thought and

_ Conjecture. Friendship is mutual on a fine
_ftcountry road. Smooth, and easy on either

SE aeanae
Lt te ee

Se
ti, Pa

a buggy or a heavy wagon it is not so bad
_ On the horses, and one is therefore sympathetic
_-and happy. Through the rolling lands the
_, hills intercept here a rise: here a hollow ;
_ and nestled beside the road, at the bottom,
, f Sleepy farmhouse. You meet a farmer and
_ he nods his head and calls a greeting. You
» deel a thrill of good fellowship after having
$ been steeped in the peculiar apartness, and

‘“;
a
‘

gn AP, eee wre ae 6 a a ae

FISHING NOTES

narrowness of the city where greetings
frigid and distant. eh!

The delights of a true day in April are
many and varied. The foundation of spri gs
is laid ; the buds are just beginning to peep —
out of their outer husks ; the grass blades,
awaiting the heavy rains are undoubling, and
there is a rare faint tinge to all the grassy
pastures that bids a welcome to the soul —
for beauty existing in one. As yet the woods —
were bare and there was no hint of the com-
ing greenery. The elms however were awak-
ening, and their reddish bud foliage was’
beginning to crop out.

Here in the field a coterie of song-sparrows
were making the early morning alive with
their music. Here we listened to the plain-
tive notes of a pair of mating bluebirds, they
of the reddish breast and the pure blue back. —
Here a yellow-hammer dipped by and land-
ing feet first on a dead tree began to warily
circle it. Here a robin was noted feeding
in the wet pasture. At the house we ob-
served a kinglet, and in the woods nearby
a nut-hatch, now beginning to hide from
the eyes of man. The notes of the nut-
hatch are seldom heard. It is indeed queer
how these birds, the nut-hatch, the downy
woodpeckers, the creepers and the black-
capped tom-tits, seem all to disappear when
the warm weather arrives, and the whole
woods are full of the music of other returned
birds. Perhaps it is because our sense of
concentration is diffused. They are with
us, and yet they all seem to have gone. The
least witnessed of all the birds in the summer
are the chicadees, and the nut-hatches, and
vet the patient student will always find
them, if he will search the lonely wood cov-
erts.

Jim was in a happy mood. He had for-
gotten, quite, his business deals, and was
soliloquizing on fishing tackle and fish soon
to be had. The nearer we drew to our
destination, the harder our hearts began to
beat.

“It is worth it anyhow, just to get back
into the harness again—to feel the creel hang-
ing careless like around in back,’*. comment-
ed Jim, lolling dreamily back im the seat.
“To be back in the harness again. Worth
it, you bet. Just to get away from monopoly
and competition. Just to be close to the
good old Mother Earth again, fish or no
fish. But say—you remember that hole
we fished there that year. I am sure that
there is a big one there now awaiting my
attention. Just wait and see. A_ good
wiggling worm, a sharp hook, and an itch to
set the barb in some unsuspecting lip—just
wail I say!”

At the identical farm-house where we
stowed in our horse that other time at the
beginning of the season, there we again put
him in, with assurance from the farmer
that he would be taken care of along with
the other horses.

A short skip over the meadow, each with.
a bait can in creel, and we arrived in fine
state and shortly thereafter were viewing
the home of our delight. The stream was
pot roiled in the least. The waters shone
clear, and sparkling over the rapids, mud-
less and full of energetic young spring life.

FR es

i a ee, ve My dart Sp gS
4 274 ROD AND GUN\IN CANADA =
; “Fooled, old boy,” I said, jeering at Jim dribble out. My next was under ‘six: hes

and wetting my hands so as not to hurt the
flesh of the trout I gently unhooked and let
him go. No trout, under-sized, that you

and his recent remark that the stream would
be muddy. “I am thinking that we are

due for some fine fishing. Not over-much

; of a big flow. The little snow did nothing wish to return to water, should be ta OW kK,
i... at all to spoil the condition of the water.” with dry hands. It removes from the sides _
, But Jim was already joining up his rod _ a precious slime and when in the water again _
; and I took the cue and did likewise. I was the fish will become attacked by fungus

fishing with a small wand of three ounces,
and a Featherlight reel. It was suitable,
being not too heavy, and though the rule
provides that a heavy affair be used I was
acquainted with the stream and had con-
fidence in the rod and myself.

Following agreements I went down the
stream a way to start in at, while Jim follow-
ed up with that infinite patience known only
to the painstaking angler. After a lot of
puzzling I got located and crawled in on a
beautiful hole from which I had once drawn
three nice trout. I was baited up with two
wiggling earthworms, and cautiously thrust-
ing in the rod I lay low and fed line. Funny
how one is able to tell what is going on at
the end of a leader, via the communications
travelling the length of a fairy wand. It
runs to the very finger tips, and is thence
at freedom to go the length and course of
the body. The very twisting and squirm-
ing of the worms are felt, and then what joy
to experience the pleasant, unexpected sensa-
tion of actually having them gathered up
by a-salvelinus fontinalis in the sunshiny
spring when the trout arm is aching for
activity.

I had no luck in that pool, however, though
I drew my worm according to rules and
regulations, and let it dribble down over
and over again with the flow of the bright
water. Not one strike did I have. Not-
withstanding, this did not feaze me in the
least. Leaving the hole to be looked after
later I went further down, thanking my stars
and some other planets that I had boots
upon my feet. I now approached a beauti-
ful pool. I do not doubt,in the least but
that the Naiads and the Nymphs disport
themselves there in the moonlight by night.
It was a well-rounded pool, touched with
enhancing high lights and fringed with lash-
es of willows, coated over with demure pus-
sies. I sank my leader and baited hook
without much ado and lay low and fed out
line. Out at the edge of the meadow-
lands one of the first larks I had heard rose
high and whistled a burbling refrain, lifting
his bill fairly to heaven. A twittering ground
sparrow, seeking obscurity, leaped from bush
to bush in the willow hedges. The world
and all its treasure was mine.

I hung on my doubts just a moment, and
I got the something I was looking for. The
line had drifted down there under a willow
that kissed the surface of the pool. A stir,
an almost savage jerk, and then instinctively
I set the hook. With the line pressed close
to the handgrasp I began a queer little battle
there, holding my breath for fear that the
something below would tangle and get away.
But not so. The little fellow worked des-
perately hard but I won him in. A good
seven inch trout; he was my first of the
season. Slipping him in the creel I baited

disease.

Undaunted I again let in the line and the
baited hook as before and much to my sur-
prise caught another trout and this one like-
wise was close on seven inches in length.
Well, I thought, if they come this way, there —
is no reason why there are not more where
the first come from. I fed line through the
snake guides and manipulated the baited
hook accerding to all known rules but with
no measure of success. This was not queer.
The pool was a fine one, and I instinctively
knew that there were more there only they
had become afraid. I would return in the
course of a-half hour, or three quarters, and
I would again try. I now felt that Jim should
know of my good luck so I beat a hasty re-
treat over a meadow plot, almost went up
to my neck in a ditch, became entangled
almost hopelessly in a briar thicket and by
constant hollering made out the presence
of the obscure one, who was thrusting his
head out between a series of rank grass cov-
erts like a demure Fiji Islander. His eyes
were only about as big as tea-cups, that’s
all. And there was a smile of elation upon
his countenance that would survive even
death in its most awful form. I saw only |
his head but that was enough. I knew that
he had either discovered the nesting place
of Captain Kidd’s immortal treasure or else
he had caught a trout that beat any trout
that swam the Golden-Eye. The
intimation was the correct one. For he
hoisted up to plain view a trout of at least
nine inches, and burly fat at that.

“You sure got the grand-dad of them all,”

I breathed, wondering if catching a trout like
that at the beginning of the season were
possible, or if it still really was true that
this stream could hold such treasures. ‘How,
when, where and what kind of a fight did
he put up.” -

“Back there, in between the willows, is
a sort of a small rapids, just a dip of the
stream, and a pool below it,” said Jim in
explanation, holding the broken-necked sal-
velinus with angel-fingered hands. “‘Say,
maybe I didn’t have a time getting in there.
A matter of seeping. but I made it. I slid
in the worm and let her wash out and almost
on the moment I got him. And there I
fought him step by step, with the rod pressed
low, and me lying flat on my belly. But
I got him over the dip all right. Here he is.
Talk about a fight in tight quarters. I cer-
tainly just had it.” ; t

We lit our iron-jawed pipes and rested a
while in debate. The sun was now high in

the heavens and the noon hour was quite —

near at hand. The sun poured down a per-
fect wealth of warmth, and the whole
awakening, seemed to answer to the universal —

‘call to be up and doing. Far off the crows

cawed shrilly, a meadow lark lifted his voice

oe meee ae

latter

_ again and let the hook and leader and line’ in a multitude of other songs and the day

LR
ae oh
aes ae

yo a

S
3 fe
, : i”
7 “

and quiet, though at the same time
with seemingly a million responsive
ces. Both Jim and I were content to
let the dinner wait ; but our appetites were
of an order to need good caring for. How-
ever, missing a dinner and missing the fish
were things debatable indeed. We chose
to miss the dinner in favour of fishing out
a few more productive pools. ~
We now sauntered on down the stream.
As before I went guite a way down the
stream, allowing an unfished space for the
tention of my partner. Where I now fish-
ae the stream cleared out a bit ; there were
_ not quite so many shore thickets, and I could
Hd work my line with apparent ease, being

| x Here

‘sure of course, to keep out of sight.
and there I snaked in my rod, and fed line
but without success. I fished a stretch of
some two or three hundred feet without a
nibble. This seemed queer and I then came
to think that they stayed only around very
sheltered places, eschewing the open stretch-
Ses. Well, I thought, if that is the case I
will fish in the thickets. And the very first
secluded hole I found I drew from it three
trout of very good average size. We had
by this time accumulated a nice mess of
fish for our dinner with enough to admit of
some being left over for our supper, and

undoubtedly we would catch more in the

course of the late afternoon. In drawing

_ the shelter tent and the grub and the other
_ things it fell to Jim. We intended to camp
in a nearby woods that night and fish on
- down stream in the morning. While Jim
was gone I went up on the knoll and hunted
- out a sheltered place against the hill with
timber around us, but with a good view of
- the outlying country. It certainly was a
locality of pastoral beauty. The whole scene
- seemed suffused with the gold of the sun-
shine. Objects, however inferior or incon-
- spicuous, stood out in mellow relief, and
all sounds were borne to the ear without
_ even the least discord.
Pending the arrival of Jim I cleaned the
cool fish and washed them, gathered wood
and made a fire. When this had been re-
duced to coals I banked it around and was
ready for the coffee pot and the spider.
_ We had a fine dinner that day, which in-
‘cluded bacon and trout, and bread, with
three potatoes French fried—also some very
good coffee which Jim proved an adept at
ning out, much to my satisfaction. I
h I could write more about that meal
_remembering the fate of Frank Forester,
wishing to shine as an exceptional star
{?) I will refrain from portraying those epi-
_ curean delights.
om that camping place the Golden-Eye
‘rarely beautiful. It meanders along in a
ree, though, withal, spectacular fashion,
r babbling over vagrant stones here, and
Y peeping out, there ; then there will be
stretch of shallows, a dip, and then a fine
1. Would that I could sing the sweet
irain of the immortal little river. Sing
f the roaring mountain cataracts, mighty
alls, who may, but for me, always commend
to the tiny stretches of running silver,in
edowlands of home. Give me the

_ FISHING NOTES

lots on who was to return to the house after |

Wiest sen * ) POP bt eee
° a ne ae RAL
pa
at’

equal to our dreams.

idle straying along the way, return in full 4

the demands of anticipation. —

Our destination was now the tributary to
the Golden-Eye. I had never fished that
far down. Always we had kept to the upper
end of it, from the headwaters to the center
of its length. Now, with a pair of good fish,
able days ahead we were open to try out
its entire course. We fished scrupulously,
and painstakingly, giving impartial atten-
tion to all things. In the afternoon I bent
on a White Miller, knowing that a sunken
wet fly is often very productive of results.
The Golden-Eye is not a swift stream. Just
a tiny, meditative personification of a Prime
Rivulet—and here the brilliant spinners will
not work. That afternoon I struck a fine
big pool, with a pleasant sedgy brink and
over-hanging canopy of rather intricate wil-
lows. Nothmg daunted, and remaining al-

‘ways in close concealment, I whipped my

bait and Miller in and waited for the some-
thing to happen.
was to be unproductive but when the line
had sufficiently run out, there was suddenly
a twitch and I set the hook, firmly, and yet
not too stiff.

I felt it was a good sized fish and took
another hold on the rod. Out he went,
straight for the roots that entangled the edge
of the bank, but I held him close and he was
fooled. Then down he went and then seem-
ed to come right to the surface. I could
not see him; the water had become roiled
where I had stepped in at the head of the
pool but soon I got him in sufficiently to
reach forward with the net to take him in.
But he was a wiry, pugnacious, persistent,
fish, strangely full of energy and he got out
of my reach even with the net. The con-
sequence was that I slipped and got very

wet, also disgusted, and the line again went .

out helter-skelter. Instinctively, however,
I kept a taut line and rising again I took
ae in—a good sized fish almost the size of

im’s.

The joke of it all was this. While the
demonstrative angleworm was still on and
untouched, the fish had been caught on
the Miller.
aspect to things and leaving the fish on the
Miller, having first considerately broken
the neck, I carried it to “‘Pardner’’ for his
inspection. Jim, anyhow, is an old crank
about bait and believes flies are worthless.

We camped that night in a convenient wood
and had a nice big roaring fire, for the night
was chilly, and the extra garments we had
along, none too many. The skies were per-
fectly cloudless, and be-sprinkled with in-
numerable stars, set on the dark blue back-
ground. All was still, save a barred owl,
near the camp, whooping it up in vagrant
lamentations. We sat far into the night
smoking our pipes and then rolled in, to get
an early start in the morning.

The next day we fished three miles further
down and had good luck, finding some good

©

At first I thought my cast

This gave a new and singular |

., 276 ROD AND G
iq pools, but the majority of it was “open dt
oy stretch” water with no places for conceal-_

ment. We struck the tributary at the river
somewhere in the neighborhood of noon and
ee selecting a sheltered and cozy spot we first
uf made fire and had our very early dinner
and then prepared for our afternoon trip in
quest of the invisible ones.

“So this is the little step-brother of the
one and only,’’ commented Jim, lighting his
ipe, his rod lying across his arm, careless
4 ike, a la Oliver Kemp. ‘‘Looks fresh and
inviting, and it may have a store of fine
es stuff in it, and then again it may be full of
; suckers and pickerels on the spawn.’
z “Too low right near here anyhow. And
vay further down there the stream is wide and
_ very shallow, but there are some awful deep

holes way in the woods there.”
The woods were some way off, and we

ann started fishing according to all prescribed
~~ small stream rules, but strange to say, neither
_ ~~ «Jum nor I had any luck. Jim was the first
AN to catch anything but it was only a small
) a six incher. However, we were not easily

dismayed after our first good luck. Jim was

et fishing ahead of me this time. I was follow-
'__ ing up as he had done. There was a good

pool close at hand. But there were all sorts
aN ‘s and varieties of obstructions in it. I dropped

‘my baited hook into its unknown, uncom-
_ prehended depth with some rather severe
_ mis-givings. I lay there in concealment
holding my breath for that hole was deep,
and good and deep at that. I lodged the
bait fimally close in on the bank. I heard a
bluebird near at hand gaily singing his plain-
tive refrain. Further away I heard a yellow-
hammer rolling out his taps on a dead oak.
A robin next broke the universal stillness
_ of the day, and I lay there waiting. I got
- nothing however. The hole was mysterious
--and deep, but obstinately unproductive.
I left the hole more or less disgusted. A
pool like that on the Goldeneye, I thought,
should surely have yielded a prime treasure.
__ But it was not very long! thereafter that
I came to the decision that while the Golden-
eye was a prime favorite in my harem of
streams, there is such a thing as finding a
“mate to it. And I found it via a big fish—
and this is how it happened. The water was
low Bent along the edges, but the sand had
formed so that there was practically a step-
off, and from the edge .of this riser of sand
it shot down to an unknown depth for the
. water was rather glum looking at best. I
_ dropped in my bait, mechanically, not ex-
fs _ ~pecting anything out of the ordinary. One
as. _ minute, two, elapsed, and then I felt a jerk
_ that caused my blood to dart through me
ed hot. I opened my mouth and drew one
sty breath. I lifted the rod tip. I set a
_ very insistent hook and the something happen-
ed. I stepped too far out and the shifting

there was but an intervenin

the energetic song-sparrow ; toward even

io f
4 f A a
ry YE A ck, A r E
AW] M
w * +,
ae - me

sponsive he Sree
full curve. There ens
a moment that ie pave
hilarating upon the films but surely
not have served to show “an ent thu
angler following his favourite _ -pastit
Furthermore I will not say that I did i
cording to Camp, Warren Smith, or —
Rhead, but I got my fish and was he al
one? He was so close on two pounds —
fact
thing would do now but that IT ca
And call I did, long and lustily. ©
promptly foresook his fishholes aiid sti
‘to say things while yet a block off, ;
ing the most unblushing things anent_
ishes all the time keeping his eyes riv
upon my _ salvelinus which was a tr
among them all. J
It will be noted that we had done qu
bit of fishmg in mid-day. I caught 1
along about that time. There is little « ub
but that the better fishing may be hi 5
the very early morning, and in the eveni ing
hours, but during the ait season trout m
be caught at any time of the day —
and patience are shown.
During the late afternoon we fished
little or no success as to filling the cree
the country awakening around us was s
cient to keep us busy watching and admiri
to the fullest extent of our capacity.
and then faintly across the wide mead
there was wafted up the thin piping of
plover ; from the fields arose the voice

the quail began to call, asa reminder tha
they were with us, free from the cold | | ha
of. the devastating winter. All these mus
things helped to make the day one of ‘©
joy and the patient, painstaking, p as
loving trout fisher misses nothing in the
song-book of Nature. We rounded out that
day, put in the morning of another, and th
in due course returned home. —
Since I have written the above lines Ji
insistent about going out again. He
has found that fishing the Goldeneye
become a passion. ot all streams wh
trout abide are wide and sweeping, but so
of them are brush covered and few, if
of the unseeing people, know that
their confines may be found the most.
of all fishes—fontinalis, the brook —
And because only a select few know
baa of this sort, fishing may be had
the.large streams offerj up but cor
tively few of the speckled ones.
spring again is at hand there isa stream
shall wander to—and that stream is.
Golden-eye. hie
Ask;Jum!

ason being that our common fish are
umerous and generally so easy to get
en, too, one does not have to rig out
all sorts and variety of expensive tackle
» procure these fish. They are generally
ly caught and the average fisherman
goes home with a pleasant day on the lakes
to his credit, as well as a number of fine fish,
- with perhaps the recollection of a very happy
_ and exciting experience he had in catching
this one or in taking that one. To all the
world he is a successful fisherman and this
reputation he always carries with him—
because he catches fish, even if he does not
‘employ the finest arts connected with the
pastime piscatorial. The ordinary view-
point is that to be successful as an angler
you must show something for your hours at
fishing. If you return merely with a smile
on your face, and a cheerful outlook upon
the world you are conceded to be harmless,
but being without fish you have not the key
to the situation. Jim Jones and Bill Brown
are fishermen because they go out and bring
home fish galore ; not one sort, mind you,
but all kinds: pickerel, croppies, bass and
a whole grist of sunfish. Having the fish
with them they-are listened to as one would
listen to the prophets. They are the fisher-
men supreme; modeled after the shades
of Walton. Yes, indeed, you must have
the fish to show!

- It is very disconcerting this every-day
Viewpoint. Providing you show the fish
you can tell anything about how you caught
them, whether by a mystical, near-to-in-
lainable fly-casting system or otherwise,
first you must have the fish. Your
ry-day person figures that fishing is a
toward an end—that end being fish.
hat’s what you went out for. If by artificial

ou caught as many trout as your neigh-
vho uses worms, it makes no difference ;
aa equally in the limelight—but it is
Diu

f the It is, among other things,

nisconceived notion that being the pos-
of fine tackle you will soon become
ert fisherman, or angler, as the elité
have it. I have seen wealthy people
ie best of tackle make a joke of them-
in its use—while of fish they have
: Then again I have seen a

with a smile on his face come trotting ©

arefooted of course, and grimy hand-
a string of trout in his possession
1 Scout the heart of any trouter to

envy. His tackle? Merely a
accord and a large Carlisle hook.
forms for bait.. And from him
learn a few lessons that will be

“AND THEIR CAPTURE

Robert Page Lincoln

5 ia
it sh Set y ‘} adh:
a Y AS it . 4 Cat Fee,

AT
valuable to you. Among them being the
one that it is not the tackle so much as a

knowledge of the stream and the fish Yous ae

are fishing for that counts. _
lad had success at fishing is that he knew
where to go; he knew where the big ones

kept themselves, and first and foremost of *—
all he recognized one rule that applies to —
all fishing or angling—namely the rule that —

calls for the exercise of caution and patience.

Without these there is little hope for the ie

fisherman.

In the annals of angling there are certain’

The reason our —

kinds of fish, of which we have heard volum- ©

inously ; the others are quietly left in the
dark. No great angling stories are woven
about them; no immense books are dedi-
cated to their name—which is really queer
when it is considered that they are the most
sought after in real fishing and the means of
filling more hours with real pleasure than the
black bass and trout could ever hope to be.
Why has it been tacitly agreed among all
outdoor and fishing writers that only bass
and trout are to be written of? Is there
not some man who will speak words in praise
of our common fish ; the fish that you and
I and anybody can fish for without going
hundreds, nay, thousands of miles for, and
without expending great money upon. As
yet I have to find that man. ‘There are fly
fishermen I'll admit, and good ones too,
but if you and I were to start out andisearch
for them in their haunts we would not only.
wear out shoes but we would strain our
eyes. Compared with the great fishing ma-
jority they are few and far between. But
the great majority are always to be found,
and among them we find much genuine bub-

‘bling pleasure and much wonderful sport.

Common Fish.

Now when we mention common fish to —
great and expert anglers, they are supposed
to hold their heads high in the air in scorn.
No use talking “about common fish. No
sir! The only kind of fish worthy of the
name, so far as they are concerned, is trout.
But before I am finished with this article I
trust that you will see our every-day fish in
another light. One of our leading common
fishes is the croppie scientifically known as
Pomoxis annularis. There is another bro-
ther of the croppie, that looks very much
like him, known as Pomozxis sparodies, or
the calico, or the strawberry bass. Both
are eagerly sought after from spring to fall
and as for being prominent in the eye of the
angler they certainly run a close second to
the black bass. Another rarely talked about |
common fish is the rock bass, scientifically
spoken of as Ambloplites Rupestris. I really
do not know why more has not been said
about this delightful little being of the waters.
With his red, iridescent eyes, his shapely
form, his russet-yellow body coloration, his
close lying scales, he makes a picture that
is not easily removed from the memory of

277

we Gach te * @&

Pt re ee tp ae lt,

3
_*
7
pe

~

the pleasure-seeking angler. The red-eye,
or rock bass is not as common as people would
suppose. In fact I have found them quite few
and far between. In the waters of some of
the northern states, however, they hold
themselves in vast abundance and offer a
delight for the angler quite out of the ordin-
ary.

Then, too, among the common fish at our
disposal there is the sunfish contingent.
Dear old sunfish. Your shades will never
become the less. You still remain a prince
of the waters ; the fair knight of temptations
piscatorial ; the apple of the eye of youth.
The sunfish! What memories are recalled!
What enjoyable remembrances of youth are
numbered up. What days, hours, months
in your companionship we have all spent ;
surely among all our angling or fishing pas-
times you have been the fairest delight among
them all. There are several varieties of
this fish, yet the most common of them
is first, the common sunfish, or pumpkin
seed known to science as Eupomotis gibbosus.
It is abundant everywhere west of the great

father of Waters and the day is yet far in ,

the future when a decrease will be seen in
his numbers. A close second to the pumpkin-
seed in prominence is the bluegill sunfish
known to science under the name Lepomis
nan. There are others of the family,
ut the two above mentioned specimens
are the most comprehensively known. Fol-
lowing the sunfishes and the croppie we have
the yellow perch, known scientifically as
Perca flavescens. An admirable little fellow
he is and no mistake. It is hardly accurate,
however to call him little for in some of the
lakes of the north the yellow, or banded
perch grows to a good size and one, two and
even three pound specimens have been taken
by anglers. The perch fishing in northern
ew York, by the way, is among the best

in America. Was, it not Dr. G. Browne.

Goode, the famous fish culturist and devotee,
who once remarked: “Before many years
the perch will have as many followers as the
black bass among those who fish for pleasure.
A fish for the people it is ; and it is the angler
from among the people who has neither time
nor patience for long trips nor complicated
tackle who will prove its steadfast friend.’
What Goode says is true and yet (as I shall
prove later) the perch is fit for any fly fisher-
man’s rod and artificial lure. The perch
in his winning olive and gold coloring, with
his accentuating and dusky bands is fit for
any man’s attention. ‘True, the perch causes
unnamed exasperation among people because
it is so hard to scale, but under those scales
is found a sweet, tasty flesh that some hold
equal to the trout for flavor.
* Common, too, and belonging to the perch-
family is the wall-eyed perch, known uni-
versally as the wall-eyed pike which is a
misnomer if ever there was one. The wall-
eye is not a pike at all, but a perch. It is
easily told by its eyes, which, when after
capture and out of the water turn white.
These eyes are cold as jade; hollow and
merciless. At that the wall-eyed perch
is a barbarian, one of the most desecrative
of the fishes. Some mistake the wall-eyed

a perch for a pickerel or pike. If you are want-
Tigey

278 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

ing a means of identification between th es
wall-eye and a pickerel remember that the —
wall-eye ‘has two dorsal fins (the fins on the _

* back) while the pickerel has only one. Also

the wall-eyed perch has not one speck of —
slime upon its body, whereas all the pikes
are covered with slime: including the great
northern pike, the muscallonge and the
pickerel. The wall-eyed perch (Stizostedion
vilreum) is a shapely fish and as has once
been said there is ‘‘not a fault in his make-
up, not a scale disturbed, every fin perfect,
tail clean-cut, and his great, big wall-eyes
stand out with that life-like glare so char-
acteristic of the fish.”’

The flesh of the wall-eyed perch is de-
licious, being clean and white and flaky with
a flavor that is quite pronounced. A fair
specimen of this dish properly baked, with
stuffing, is a delight. I hardly need to add
anything further in this respect. The wall-
eye by the way goes to fifteen and twenty
pounds in weight, though the average fis
caught will not go over four or five pounds.
The present writer wishes here to make a
note of the fact that the wall-eyed perch
taken in streams are decidedly more pugna-
cious than those taken in lakes where the
water is often warm or heightened in tem-
perature. In running waters a fish is na-
turally more alive and alert ; the water is
well aerated and the fish, as a direct con- ~—
sequence is a greater fighter upon the hook.
The same can be said of any fish. The
black bass of the flowing water is more of a

‘fighter than the bass in the lake. 4

I presume that if I should say that the ~
pickerel is a common fish it would call forth —
a howl of derision, while others, I suppose,
would chant: “Of course!”

I have found that tampering with the
pickerel proposition does not pay. Some
people do not believe in the pickerel. He ~
is—but he isn’t. In the north a man who
fishes for the pickerel and presumes to find
pleasure and preoccupation in it, is thought
to have a nut loose in his thinking machine.
Furthermore that fisherman is considered
ineligible to admission to the vast fraternity _
of greater fishermen. And yet, in spite of |
the fact that the pickerel is common I will
make so bold as to say that at some times of ~
the year the pickerel is equal to the black _
bass as a fighter. But let me explain. It

some of my brightest hours have been em-
ployed in fishing for pickerel I presume I+ |
will be promptly eliminated from the ranks _
of the vast Eternity: ag

But what is wrong with bait oe |
with spoon or live bait for the pickerel?
To play a pickerel as one would a black bass _
from the pads to the net I find equally as
exhilarating and exciting as to play a bass. —
Furthermore I will make bold to sa y that —
the average bass in a warmed-out lake’ has —
not half the energy of a pickerel of ¢) aa

PP PET ae tbh ON LD Alte

ia, tne iP se

consideration the bass remember, that are

- found in cold-water lakes. These bass are
noted for their calorical vim and sprightli-
ness ; but never those bass in waters that
in the summer warm out. The bass there
are sluggish and half of the time quite inert.
On the other hand the pickerel is vicious.
He will hit a spoon with a suddenness that

, is startling; or a frog as the case may be,
and I really can say that the pleasure I have
had in taking this snake-like fellow is among
the most pleasurable sensations of my fish-
ing days!

Bait Casting for The Pickerel.
- There are certain times ‘of the year
when bait casting for the pickerel is best, say
right at the opening of the season, or right
after the fish are through with their spawn-
‘ ing. Then all fish have a voracious appetite
and if they hit a lure they hit it with a grim
determination. It is then that the bait
caster can have some of the best sport of
the year. In the early summer the fishing
for pickerel is uniformly good. Through
the long heats of July and August and the
half of September they are rather dull. But
ood pickerel fishing should obtain again
. rom fae middle of September till the day of
freeze-up. The fishing in the fall of the
year for both bass and pickerel is particularly
interesting and it is then that fishermen
should be out in force, when as a matter of
- fact, most of them have practically laid their
rods and paraphernalia away for the next
ear.
if In bait casting for the pickerel prac-
tically the same outfit is used that is used
for bait-casting for bass. Either a bamboo
or steel rod is in demand ; the lire should
be at least. a twelve-pound test, soft braid-
ed silk preferable. ‘The reel should be the
regulation quadruple—multiplying bass reel
but it should be large enough to accommo-
date eighty yards of line—this the so-called
one hundred yard reel will do. The lure for
pickerel fishing is either a spoon or a weed-
less hook with a live frog upon it. Minnows
may be used but the two methods just men-
tioned are the best. For it should be re-
- membered that at the same time, while fish-
_ ing for pickerel you stand an equal opportun-
_ ity of ‘catching a good proportion of bass.
b There are srounds that are especially habited
_ by the pickerel. In the small secluded bays,
_ ‘where there is an abundance of pads and
weeds you will find them. The best hours
are around six to eight in the morning when
_ they are feeding, and mostly inshore—some-
times very close to shore. Row in easily,
ast your frog with due care and reel in at
moderate rate of speed. Pickerel some-
times follow up a frog and jerk at its legs.
llow them a good hold. Do not jerk the
_ line to set the hook in the mouth before you
re sure the fellow has a good hold. A great
proportion of misses are due to the fact that
e hook is set too soon, and as a consequence
_ the barb fastens to nothing but air, or water.
Let the fellow take it and run with it.
he runs he mouths the bait when a setting
of the hook will nine-tenths of the time re-
Pate you with results. If you are using

pounds. Now here I am not taking into

~

FISHING NOTES

‘

AS -

ee ~f ww 7

We

the silvery spoon hook (of which there are
a number of excellent brands which it is
not necessary to mention here), be sure that
the morning sun is full on the water so that
the glittering rays shoot out from the turn-—
ing blades. It is the glitter that attracts
and holds their attention. Among “all the
sizes there is one size that is the best of all
for casting purposes and that is the Number
5. For all of the pikes there is no equal to
this. In fishing for pike, pickerel and mus-
callonge most fishermen use too large spoons.
On the other hand I would council always,
a smaller size. A census taken in the north
by the writer serves to prove that more large
fish are taken on small spoons than on the
large ones. I especially remember one in-
cident where three great muskies were taken
on the Number 434, a very good spoon by
the way, which never fails.

Pickerel love to lie close by the pads, and
in the pockets that indent the pads. Cast
to the edges of these and reel outward. Be-
ware that the fish in his run does not dive
into the pads for it is almost certain that
you will never get him out of there. Instant-
ly upon capture (and this applies to bass
fishing as well) the man at the oars should
row outward, where in deeper water you can
fight your fish at your leisure. And he does
fight, sometimes better than the bass. It
has been a wonder to the present writer that
anglers should make the assertion that a
pickerel never breaks the surface—that he is
strictly an underwater fighter. Time with-
out mention I have had them break water
on a taut-held line; and I remember one
incident in particular where a pickerel, cap-
tured’ while bait casting broke water four
times, leaping high and dry of the surface.
It is because of the many fine days of sport.
I have had at bait casting for the pickerel
that I wonder someone has not come bravely
to the front to speak of the process, for cer--
tain it is that there are any number of fisher--
men delighting themselyes in it to its full
capacity.

Most of the pickerel tnat we catch in our
home waters are of a more or less small va-
riety, and they are known under many and
varied names. Some indulgent people be-
queath to them names that are somewhat in
harmony with their natures ; some scoffing,
call them “‘grass snakes.”’ It is not odd that
the pickerel is coming into his own after
many years of non-recognition. This for
the reason that as the fisn become scarce
in some sections tney become intrinsically
more valuable. It is only in places where
the fisu have been thinned out that people
come to an understanding of how valuable:
is this immense natural resource. But in ~
our northern waters how inconceivable it is.
that we should lend recognition to tae pick-
erel when a horde of other fish await our
attention. Trolling for pickerel nas abso-- |
lutely no enjoyment to it. It is a meat. y
garnering system, but casting for pickerel
with a light outfit is enough to secure the
admiration of the most exacting.

Nor are all pickerel of the small sort.
Large pickerel occur in some lakes in goodly
numbers, and where they run in weight up.
to eighteen and twenty pounds they are

~ ar re g®

a

Sy en te A Oi oan ee, RE eT eT EE eS ee Cx

~ senting in all about 1000 genera.”
adds that “with a tenacity of purpose worthy

280

thought to be, not pickerel, but pike or
muscallonge. These large pickerel are most-
ly found in rather deep water and can only
be taken by trolling deep for them using
a glittering spoon or a tempting live frog ;
either of the two lures should prove of emi-
nent worth. These large pickerel are often
best taken in the month of September right
after the time when their teeth: have again
become firm in their jaws and when their
sore, and scarred gums have hardeneu. For
like the muséallonge, too, the teeth of the
tne pickerel become loose in the dog day
season of August, and while like the mus-
callonge, too, they come out and are replaced
with u new set, both up and down in the early
part of the autumn, with the pickerel the
old teeth are retained though they loosen
as is general with the pike family, (at least
the pickerel and the muskies). During the
season when the teeth are loose the gums
are sore; they sometimes are swelled so that
they over-lap the teeth points. But this
state disappears about the second or third
week in September and if the scoffers of
the gaminess of the pickerel will then
take themselves out after them they will find
a fish awaiting them that has more vivid
fight to the inch than any fish living. This
state of fight may not last always but while
it does last it is a quality to be marvelled
at. Pickerel at this time of the year will
snap at a strip of red flannel with an avidity
that is startling. Red is a great enticer to
all of the preying fishes and not the least of
these is the pickerel. Red stripes of flannel,
or red feathers interest them all the time.
Amiurus Nebulosus.
When it comes to a mention of common

fish it would be rather out-of-place to forget

the lowly bullhead. And yet there is no-
thing in this world more common than bull-
hheads. The bullhead has done his level
best to make his presence known in every
nook and byway of this our fair continent.

_ He is known by a meed of names, the most
common name being bullhead ; the next in
_ prominence being horned pout.

The bullhead
should not be confused with the catfish for

_ they are not one and the same fish by a long

way. While the catfish does resemble the

_ bullhead in shape and while it does belong

to the same family it is quite different. The
bullhead hardly ever goes over eighteen inch-
es in length and hardly ever goes over three
or three and a half or four pounds in weight.

_ The great majority of them are up to a pound

in weight. On the other hand the larger cat-
fishes such as the Mississippi catfish, or blue
eat, Jctulurus furcatus and the Channel
catfish, Jcfulurus punctatus grow to such
prodigous weights as one hundred and fifty
pounds. “According to Hornaday the species
of catfishes found upon this continent num-
ber about thirty, “but it is recorded that
elsewhere there are about 970 more, repre-
i Hornaday

of a better species, the bullhead ramifies

= throughout the muddiest rivers and creeks
of the country and in the heat of midsummer

holds on whence all but him, have fled. He
was built for mud bottoms and murky waters

and so long as the mud is thin enough to

is astonishing.

ROD AND GUNIN‘CANADA.

element the tenacity of life of this creature
i A bullhead will lie on the |
bank in midsummer sunshine and breathe —
hot air an hour before giving up.” How-

ever another writer comments: “It is really |
surprising from a commercial point of view

what a constant demand there is for this fish,
the supply as a rule being wholly inadequate — ;__
except for a very limited time during the ~~
spring. When dressed for the market they
are invariably skinned. Their flesh then sae
presents a bright red appearance similar to —
freshly cut beefsteak. When properly cook- —
ed perfectly fresh they are of excellent flavor —
and highly esteemed. I venture the asser- —
tion that among all the fresh water varieties
there is probably not one in greater demand ~
or that meets with more ready sale in the
fish stalls throughout the country. The ’
waters have yielded such immense quantities ;
of bullheads in the past that it would appear
almost inconsistent to suggest the possibility »
of extermination but that they are becom-
ing very scarce in many localities goes with-
out saying. While it is not probable they F
will meet the fate of the passenger pigeon, .
still they should be protected during their
spawning season or they are destined to be-
come very scarce.” e a,

=
L pet 2 ten

One of the most humorous accounts cover- ¢
ing the bullhead ever written comes from the
pen of the late George W. Peck, one time ©
governor of Wisconsin and famous for his es
stories. Of this lowly member of the fish m
world he has said: ae.

‘The bullhead never went back on a friend. —
To catch the bullhead it is not necessary to —
tempt his’ appetite with porterhouse steak, __
or to: display an expensive lot-of fishing — .
tackle. A pin hook, a piece of liver, anda
cistern pole is all the capital required to catch
a bullhead. He lies upon the bottom of a -
stream or pond in the mud, thinking. There
is no fish that does more thinking, or has a
better head for grasping great questions, or —
chunks of liver, than the bullhead. . His
brain is large, his heart beats for humanity,
and if he can’t get liver, a piece of tomato
can will make a meal for him. It is am in-
teresting study to watch a boy catch a bull-
head. The boy knows where the bullheads
congregate, and when he throws in ‘his — NM
hook it is dollars to buttons that ‘in thé
near future’ he will get a bite. The bullhead
is democratic in his instincts. If the boy’s
shirt is sleeveless, his hat crownless, and: hiss
pantaloons a bottomless pit, the bullhead
will bite just as well as though the boy is
dressed in purple and fine linen, with knee
breeches and ‘plaid stockings. The bullhead
seems to be dozing on the muddy bottom, .
and a stranger would say he would not bite.
But wait. There si

y

toward the piece of liver. He does not wait —
to smell of it, and canvass in his mind whether
the liver is fresh. It makes no difference
to him. He argues that there is a family
out of meat. ‘My country calls and I must
go,’ says the bullhead to himself, a he. Gk
opens his mouth and the liver disappe ars.

*
2 ea Mee

are
ay 8,

& the Bes will think
our but the bullhead
s in the mud and pro-
et gest, the, liver. He realizes that
nis days wi eae be long in the land, or water
more propet rly speaking, and he argues out,
4 e will be so much ahead. Finally
the boy thinks of the bait, pulls it out, and
- the bullhead-is landed on the bank, and the
- boy cuts him open to get the hook out.
Some fish take the bait gingerly, and are
only caught around the selvage of the mouth,

and | oe Gerad are very easily dislodged. Not so
with the bullhead. He says if liver is a good

ing, you can’t get too much of it, and it
es good all the way down. The boy gets
jown on: his knees to dissect the bullheaa,
nd get nis pook: and it may be that the
boy swears.’ It would not be astonishing,

ae oo “hi

out of the»hidden recesses of the bullh

it, and the bullhead enjoys it.

though ne must feel, when ie gets! thes

like the minister who took up a collection
and didn’t get a cent, though he expressed
thanks for getting his hat back. There i
one drawback to the bullhead, and that i
his horns. We doubt if a boy ever descended
into the patent insides of a bullhead to —
mine for limerick hooks, that he did not, —
before his work was done, run a horn into.
his vital parts. But the boy seems to expect -
We have
seen the bullhead lie on the bank and become —
dry, and to all appearances dead to all that
was going on, and when a boy sat down on
him and got a horn in his elbow and yelled
murder, the bullhead would grin from ear to
ear, and wag his tail as though applauding
for an encore.’

T has been asked what enjoyment can
| anyone take out of a ‘canoe trip. which

consists of struggling against a strong
current, portaging innumerable times, get-
i (ting soaked from head to foot from rain and
river, camping out amidst mosquitos and
; other discomforts, getting food under difficul-
ties at times, and diverse other adversities.
The answer is favorable or adverse, optimis-
tic or pessimistie, according to each individual
viewpoint. Conclusions cannot be reached
by subtracting the hours of ease from the
hours of labor. It is more or less a matter
of getting the result from the amount of
Satisfaction involved in the numerous diffi-

t be added the exhilaration of body and
mind, produced by physical exertions under
open air conditions.

One can quite understand the attitude of
mind of those who say they cannot imagine

4 Mtns in hard manual labor and
a life away from the luxury of food,
ng and surroundings. Those who know
ther kind of existence, except that in
ch they were born must naturally con-
that to be separated from the things
make up their daily life would be to
fe of all that is worth while. This is
yvioUS sequence, junless one is strongly
d to the things of nature rather than
of artificiality. To many the beauties
, field and nature generally are not
pared with the architectural de-

For certain people, too,
f even a little social success, is

REFLECTIONS OF THE OUTDOOR
Po MAN

H.W. Parsons ;

marvellously sweet. Public attention, be
it ever so little, gives an impetus to the de-
sire for more.

Ambitions are varied. There are social
ambitions, political ambitions and a variety a
of others including the laudable desire to do |
something worthy of recognition though ae
without necessarily gaining it. On the other i
hand there is the desire to overcome, to ni
attain some object embodying an aggressive ne
attitude. Why do people climb mountains, /
why does the Alpinist risk his life to do what
hundreds have done—get to the top? There
would seem to be an inherent desire in all
healthy people to do something involving
physical force. Risks are simply stimulants. |
Others less ambitious along this line are con- }
tent to achieve less, like the canoeist who |
may not successfully negotiate the rapids 5
but is content to undergo much weariness —
in order to get to some more or less desired i
point or merely to spend a long time in
following the course of a stream. In neither
case 1s 1t altogether for the sake of the in-
vigorating exercise? Is it not often due to i
the common human trait, a desire to get

away from “the daily round, the common it
task” which has satiated on account of its Ri
monotonous daily recurrence? Sag

So, to-day, owing to no other reason ap- f a
parently than this, there are to be found in (a
lonely shacks away in the north lands, bush-. tos AME
men who have become familiar with the art ia)
of felling trees and clearing land, from choice :
educated men, some with scholarships, well = =
satisfied because they are as they are, con- Li
tent to don the pack sack and trudge for ©
many weary miles along ill-made roads or F
trails, with a load of ‘necessities which the y
uninitiated would find difficult to carry for

one mile, doing for themselves inside and out-

282 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

side work, whose humble shacks are void
of offense to the most critical hygienist, and
whose lonely lives are not the result of ad-
verse circumstances. It seems on the face
of it almost beyond comprehension, yet it

is not for each day brings its own satisfac-
tion, “Something accomplished, something
done to earn a night’s repose” is not the

sum total either. Strong of limb and usually
silent men, they get their enjoyment from
many sources which cannot be drawn on by
those who live in a different environment.

To produce from the rough and practically
valueless the finished article, to produce order
out of chaos and from the unprofitable trans-
form into that which yields good interest,
are things which of themselves give full
measure of contentment. Add to this the
hunting, fishing and prospecting trips and
the acknowledged fascination of seeking out
the unknown.

To such men pink teas and bridge parties
are the acme of ineipiency, and social gath-
erings devoid of anything more than the
not unpleasant passing of an hour.

. physique,

init a bes fo)!

H

>
’

.

q

The Indian with his dogs who follows
the frozen river from James Bay calls as
he passes with his load of skins enroute for
the nearest town and the lonely shack for
the time may become a trading post and its
owner be called upon to exercise judgment
in depleting the contents of his tas er in
payment for some “Good ones.” Talk be-
ing scarce the visit may be devoid of much
social amenity, yet a profitable and pleasant
hour be spent with one of those fine speci-
mens of Indians of the far north, friendship
with whom is well worth while.

There is apparently one outstanding fea-
ture in this somewhat strenuous existence.
All who engage in it show a remarkable
serenity, doubtless owing to their leading a
decent, hygienic life, which produces a sound
and a calm attitude of mind.
There are no worries here and no necessit
for dieting and medicine. These furnis
compensation for the lack of things which
seem so essential to the majority of city
dwellers.

AN INTERESTING PET

Robert Barr Warman :

N almost every community where some
I remnant of the vast forest, which once

covered this land, remains, you hear
the chatter of the red-squirrel and see the
striped body of the chipmunk dart among
the leaves and brushwood. Some people
do not notice these, others do, but their
only desire is to kill them, and there are
still others, who see them and long to know
more of their ways and habits.
these people may be
have to say.

Last fall, while out in the woods, I caught
a red-squirrel alive and brought him home.

interested in what I

However it died, and a few days later I went

out prepared, and caught a chipmunk. He
was not hurt in the least so I made a cage
for him and have had him for a year now.
Many times he has got out and been loose
in the yard for as many as three days at a
time but he always shows up again and I
catch him in a cage trap.

To catch a chipmunk or squirrel, without
injuring it, you should have a small box,
about eight inches long, three inches high,
and about three inches wide. This box
should have screen at one end and a door
of some sort at the other. When you have
seen a chipmunk or squirrel run into a tree,
place your box at one of the holes, and force
smoke into another hole, having blocked up
those on the sides, if any, or if he goes. into
a rotten stump you can usually scare him
out by kicking it and breaking the rotten
parts away. A suitable smoker can be made

by mixing three parts of sulphur with one

part of potassium chlorate, both of which

Probably’

can be obtained at any druggist’s and putting
the powder in an empty shotgun shell. Light
the powder at the open end of the shell and
point it into the hole. I have heard of peo-

ple catching them with butterfly nets, but —

I am afraid this would almost scare a chip-
munk to death, as they are very timid crea-
tures.

When you have caught your chipmunk
the next thing to provide is a cage or house
to keep him in. It is a good plan to have
this all ready first, but if not you can keep
him in almost any box for a short time. Have
your house about four feet long, two feet
pigh to make it sunny, and at least one foot
wide.

to exercise on. This should be about ten

inches in diameter, so as to revolve easily,

and should be made of sand screen, with

wre

¢ *
a

B

Ope
*

It is best to have a wheel for him —

wooden ends . You can see different types —

of small squirrel cages at any pet-stock store.

Above the wheel are the chipmunks’ sleep-
ing quarters and store-house. In the win-
ter time he will need a warm bed of wool,
hair, cotton, scraps of fur, or any like ma-

terial ; while dead grass is best for the sum-—

mer time. The whole front is covered with
sand screen, except the sleeping quarters
to make his home sunny and _ bright. If
the screen is painted some dark colour,
your pet will be more easily seen. In a
house like this a chipmunk will be quite
contented. If possible get him a mate and

they will soon become acquainted, but never
put two males together or they will fight

until one is killed. ~

|

4

Ree or Ghipmndak is
asy provide. Corn, wheat, oats,
ey, . peablits. and all kinds of nuts in fact
re favourites with these little animals.
They also like apples, maple-keys, cheese,
biscuiey and several kinds of vegetables.
I feed my chipmunk once a day, usually in
the morning. The amount required by each
pet is easily. learned ; for instance, I usually
give my chipmunk, say, one peanut, seven
or eight kernels of corn, a piece of apple and
‘sometimes a piece of cheese, biscuit, etc.
: A 3 is best to vary the diet a little, and you
oa sab oo always give them water (snow in win-
r

Never scare your pets. Be kind to them,
and they will learn to trust you, and will
soon become tame. Leave your chipmunk
alone for the first day or so, only going near
to feed and water it. They are tender ani-
mals and the shock of being caught some-
times kills them if you bother them at first.
In about a week your pet will allow you to
watch him without running into his nest.
Some morning don’t give him his meal until
about noon. Then open one of his doors
and see if he will eat from your hand. You
__- will have to keep very still and you can tame
| him best when the cage is placed in a closed
veranda, attic or cellar, or any place where

ITH_ twelve other eggs I was softly
W packed in a box and shipped west-
ward to the Foothills of Alberta. At
a small station on the Crow’s Nest I was
_ put off and taken to a little home by a tall
_ dark-eyed man.
My first sensation was of tender warmth
under a Plymouth Rock mother who proudly
fluffed out her feathers and it was a happy
day for her when one by one the whole
thirteen of us tumbled out of our shells.
ow the little sons of the house gazed wide-
eyed at us and later when less puzzled by
our life’s mystery how they wanted to catch
and cuddle us in their little fat hands.
_ How we grew! Soon we were long-legged
and white as snow.

re very fond, their hearts having been
won by ‘drives behind her Shetland

My brothers and sisters are still
in a stable beside these Ponies but
ys felt myself to be a large egg and I
ly grew on and my chest swelled, my
urved like a rainbow, my comb blushed
red, and I truly ruled the roost and
destined for great things.

you camcatch him again if he pie out of th
door. if ihe

The first time I got my chipritaae to (
from my hand I sat still for about half a
hour. He would come up to my hand, an
then get frightened and dart into his de
again. He kept this up for almost half a

hour and then he finally took the peanut. —
Last winter we kept him in a closed veranda __
and every day at meal time he came up to

a window and waited to be fed. He got so
tame that he would take a peanut from

your mouth and would pull and fight to get

one from your fingers.

If you take care of your pet and tame —

him you will regard these animals in a differ-
ent way.
munk I had sometimes killed them thought-
lessly,
anything unless it was useful to me, and
never for the sheer love of killing. If a per-
son will only study the animals about him,

and visit the woods with this in view, he ©

will find a certain appeal in the quietude of
the woodland, he will learn why woodsmen
love the tall timber, and will find music in
the voices of the wild. Visit the woods,
study the woods and you will find them the
greatest source of clean, wholesome pleasure
and amusement.

AN ALBERTAN LEGHORN’S ADVEN-
TURES WITH A COYOTE

A TRUE STORY
‘ : Ellen A. Hamilton

One day a friend of the family came and
I was admired most of all the flock but to
my horror he boxed me up, put me in the
back of his buggy, and after a long rough
ride of twenty miles we reached his shack
near a little mine. How tired I was after
the bumping, how cramped my legs were
and how frightened I shall never forget.

My new master introduced me to my master
living in a little house attached to his shack
and although he was silent and rough yet
he was kind to us all and fed us the left-
over pancakes tough as leather and the
stony bannocks which he had made and
which undoubtedly had proved too much
for his own digestion for he would lie awake
for hours at night and I would awake to hear
him humming strange airs or talking to
himself, when he should have been sound
asleep. But his bad cooking and wakeful-
ness saved my life.

One night in December _ I was suddenly
awakened by a noise in the pen. I could
not see, but instinct told me an enemy was
inside. Before I could scream or fly, I was
clutched by cruel jaws. After grabbing a
second victim he fled with us leaving “—
others clattering in tones of horror.

Before I caught my first chip-

but since then I have never killed

.
.
f
:
+

284
=) In an instant my master was out ‘of bed.
“ I-ean see him yet, my master Joe, with no
; apology for clothing, pyjama-less and bare-
. footed, as he seized an axe and gave chase,
‘2 his hair and shirt tail flying in the wind.
v It was a sight to make maidens blush and
. +. coyotes tremble. Now my sides shake with
a laughter at the picture but then—I felt only

the hot breath and the piercing teeth of
the monster flying for his life and holding
me with famished grip. Behind I could see
Joe, the son of vengeance, coming like a
‘giant Indian nude but fleet-footed. Nearer
and nearer he came gaining rapidly until
{ could hear his panting breath and see his
black eyes gleam. The coyote strained every
muscle but we burdened him and hindered
his breath. He lost ground and the giant
behind gained until with one mad rush he
sprang forward and with mighty force flung
: the axe. The thief staggered, dropped his
x prey flattened out his body in frantic strides
and disappeared in the forest.

Bleeding and dazed we lay where the coyote
had dropped us. Our brave preserver stepped
forward took us up tenderly and carried
us back to the safe shelter of his own shack;
| looked at our wounds applied some Zam-
Buck covered us up, rubbed snow on his

own frost bites and hurried into bed for it
was twenty below.

From henceforth he was my hero and I
h longed to tell him so. His dog Tiny danced
‘around him in delight, whined barked and
_ licked his face but I could do nothing to show
7 my gratitude for my throat was too sore to

crow even if it had been a proper hour for

so doing.

To the great grief of all after suffering
several days the hen died. I was too batter-
ed and sick to go to the funeral but our brave
master laid her to rest where no coyote could

_ ever disturb her last sleep.
Three weeks later I had gone to bed early.
_ About two in the morning I heard a stealthy
sound. I turned sick with horror as I de-
tected the gleam of red eyes in the darkness.

ao ee a

Rete te 5 Fae
;

ins ae ed Sea

There are some fishes which, though not
always wasted entirely, are by no means
fully utilized. One-of these is the horse-
mackerel, or tuna, a huge fish which some-
times, reaches a weight of two or three hun-
dred pounds. M. Pierre Lemy! a_ large
Parisian merchant engaged in the prepared
food business, says that, after the sardine,
the tuna is the fish most important as a
3 preserved product. There is an upward
*f - tendency in the price of these fish at. present
- in the United States market.

A few years ago, sword-fish fishery was
unknown on our coasts. Now there is a spe-
cial fleet of boats engaged in capturing sword-
fish. Eighty of these fish were caught last
year at Ingonish, C.B. They ranged from

Oe PR ai pe ee

ee is’
ree

et

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA |

GROWING DEMAND FOR TUNA, SWORDFISH
| AND STURGEON IN UNITED STATES
MARKETS

Ys ee i ty oF ."

Paes | fol
% Al 7 >, f
<A sh, a) 5 Oe papetae

? |

I gave a PRE Sh, “ery ont
savage jaws caught me and in a m ;
I was hurried off in the darkness,
The pain gt poisoned canines in my flesh
revived me and looking behind by the star-
light I could discern my_bare-legged hero
Joe in mad pursuit closely followed by a
little black creature I judged was Tiny.

The gaunt thing whose jaws encircled m

quickened his speed. My flying rescuer ¥
Brramed every muscle. It was a race with —
death, a close race almost neck to neck, a —
second death for I had gone through ated hie
agony of death before. This time Pd die —
alone. Why should my_ hero risk fr
in a mad chase through frost and snow with ie
bare head and barer ieet for the sake of ..
poor leghorn? My heart’ sickened as I lost T
sight of him. Perhaps his feet were bleed- a ¥
ing. Perhaps he had given up. How good ei
my little pen I had so often despised now seem-
ed to me. I thought fondly of my mates |
and I longed for even a chance to say good-
bye. Then suddenly my captor jumped,
yelled, and I opened my eyes. There was Tiny __
at the coyote’s neck and Joe, Heat, Joe, a 4
few feet away. ie

Once more death was cheated aa the |
nungry wretch slunk away. New strength Ee
born of what I had suffered came to me,
and with yell upon yell from my outstretch-
ed neck I half ran ‘half flew over the snow,
and still screaming, raced into the shack —
followed by my be oved master. Tiny pur-—
sured the thief all n ight returning home
next morning jaded and hungry. For days Oe:
after I never left the shack but slept ou the Sa
end of Joe’s bed, perched and sat and ABS Naf me
thing more like Poe’s raven. oi

1 am now safely back at the-home of my — ear,
little ‘girl friend for my master realized my — cate
life was in constant jeopardy m his wild —
home in the foot hills and the Shetlands
sniff round me andmy mates do mefull honor —
and the little children all love to yt how. °
I twice escaped death.

Ae i

a
| 4

300 to 4100 pounds in weight, and one was
caught at Sydney which weigred 565 pounds. —
At four cents a pound, such a fish would be a —
prize for a fisherman. In Boston or New |
York, the price of swordfish to the consumer
is about 25 cents per pound. Thus, this
once neglected fish is now yielding ample
returns. aie

The same thing is true of sturgeont F
generation ago sturgeon were thrown up on
the beach of the St. John river for manure;
now, in some cases, good lake sturgeon are
worth as much as a good-sized cow. Thi
cents per pound has been recently paid
sturgeon in the New York markets, and t
weight ranges from 30 to si pouit

»
1

-
x
’ -
3)
: a i
Ae > f t
X f Tt

r AVING followed the sea as a means of
4] livelihood for a number of years, I had
= filled various capacities during that
time where it was necessary during the hours
on watch to keep notes which at regular
intervals were entered in a book to be kept
aS an authenticated record. It seemed
natural therefore to find myself jotting down
__ various occurrences while travelling along on
the Halifax & South Western Railway on
November 8th as I went inland to the home
of my old friend E. K. who had invited me to
- aecompany him and Fred on a hunting trip
— in Nova Scotia.
The train pulled out of the station on time
which was the only station on the road as iar
as I went that such a thing happened. But
having to lie over some hours at Bridgewater
+ it made little difference to me as that much
time had to be dispensed with anyway before
boarding the train for the branch line which
-_ carried me to my destination.
regular was late meant that much less time to
hang around the town.
-. However all things come to an end and at
8 p.m. I arrived at Caledonia, a large village
situated in the centre of Queens County.
. While I satisfied the inner man Fred col-
lected old garments from which I might choose
a suitable costume. After considerable pick-
ing with suggestions from all members of the
household I at last secured what was neces-
sary. and retired to sleep in an old fashioned
feather bed which carried me back several
_ decades when I dreamed of seeing the world
aS aman with the same enthusiasm as I now
look forward to seeing the old landmarks that
I knew so well as a boy.
. November 9th.—At 7 a.m. we left Cale-
_ donia with horse and express wagon loaded
_ down with grub, guns, ammunition and every-
_ thing necessary for a week or ten days’ trip.
Walking the twelve miles to Lowes Landing
_ in three and one-half hours we launched boat
and canoe, transferred our dunnage, then
boiled the kettle and had dinner after which
we put up our sail and with a fair wind passed
out through the islands-and across Lake
Rossignol, a distance of nine miles, to Ennis-
‘killen Lodge at the Screecher Run atriving
at one p.m. E. K. being caretaker, worked
out the srounds during the afternoon, while
ed and I cruised in the vicinity looking for
small game.
_ As the season was closed for partridge we
were obliged to get other birds, and were able
0 bring in five, which we dressed and had for
er at 5.30. | Afterwards we sat in the
ht while I listened to accounts of old

of in legends, together with flint arrow
nd other hunting accountrement had

¥ag Ss Ade: : PV cae

O. APTAIN’S HU Ces
~ * A NOVA ‘SCOTIAN' OUTING i
W. A. Inness |

C

Whenever the

. 8.30 we went up through the run in the boat,

¥

been recovered a few yards from the lodg
door, At 7.30 we retired and the music of t!
wind whispering through the trees togeth
with the murmuring of the brook soon lulle
me to sleep. ”

November 10th.—Turned out at 5 a.m. and
had breakfast fried birds being the principal —
item onthe menu. After packing adrylunch
to take along and starting a stew to have on
our return we trudged north over the hills
toward South West Bay just as the first streak _
of dawn appeared in the east. Two miles up |
the trail E. K. struck off to the north-west,
while we kept on to meet again at 5th lake ©
carry. After cruising about for a time where —
they’ had shot moose two falls in succession, —
and seeing no works we proceeded to the ©
meeting place and after a quarter of anhour’s
wait E. K. put in an appearance. We then ~_
went northerly, and after a short walk came |
into fresh moose works, which we crept and —
cruised through without getting a sight of any-
thing larger than a porcupine. At 10.30 we
munched our crackers and cheese and shivered |
under the lee of a clump ot stunted maples.
While I had a smoke E. K. and Fred went on
to the northward until they sighted Shelburne ~
River, and returning we all struck about south
east, and arrived out at the shore of South
West Bay, a couple or hundred yards above
the carry. Being somewhat fatigued we were
about to have a rest at the mouth of the carry
when E. K. observed a fair sized bull moose
running across the flowage about 150 yards
away and immediately opened fire on him
with his old 45-70: and although the moose
turned and ran back at a pretty good clip, we
found afterwards that the first two shots
would have been _ sufficient. However,
through chance or being 2 very considerate
animal, after a little more persuasion from the
old gua, he dropped a yard or two from the
edge of the water.

At 1.40 we had him dressed and hung up,
after which we proceeded on our five mile
tramp through the swamps and over the hills,
with yours truly lagging behind—being about _
allin. Nevertheless we arrived at 4 p.m. and
had a stew for supper, fit for the gods. Then
after discussing the moose pro and con, we
made plans for the morrow, played a few
games of cards and retired at 7.30.

November 11th.—Up at 5 a.m.—but owing _
to the heavy north wind were obliged to give -
up our plans for an early start in the boat to
get our meat so turned in again. At 7.30 —
starvation drove E. K. to get breakfast con-
sisting of beans out of a can, plus our home ~
grub which was all that could be desired. At

and across, 4th lake to the mouth of Codd’s
Brook and on landing discovered tracks where
a moose had just recently gone. I being
posted to watch at a point where the lake and *

a long strip of road could be seen, E. K. and a

ne!

P
;
:
:
;

286

Fred went on a half mile then down through
the woods a mile and circled back but none of
us saw any trace so we decided that he had
been gone longer than we expected. E. K
then went through the woods in a northerly
direction while Fred and I followed the log-
ging road a considerable distance until after
a time we all came together again.
After cruising on towards 6th lake brook I
got leg weary, and rested by the wayside while
KE. K. and Fred continued on to the brook.
Afterwards they struck southerly, while I fol-
lowed back on the road, meeting at noon at the
boat, where we boiled the kettle, and had
dinner. At 1 p.m. we set out in the boat but
owing to the roughness of the lake, were
obliged to make a course under the lea of the
islands, until we reached the north shore, and
being tired of rowing, went ashore and cruised
for a couple of hours.Saw the tracks of two
moose just started, and on taking a cirele
around a hill heard one running. We then
went back to the boat and sticking up our sail
made the run back in good time.

After having supper, and killing time by
the fire, we played a few games of cards, and
retired at 8 p.m.

November 12th.—Up at 5 a.m. and the
wind having moderated some, we decided to
go to the south west bay for our meat. So,
after breakfast we started in the boat, towing
the canoe, and settled down to a five mile buck
against a stillfresh breeze. Arriving at Tallu-
lah Island, we made a call at Smart’s Cafe,
and after hearing their plans for the day, we
commandeered Charles with the motor boat
to tow us to our destination and back. Leav-
ing the motor boat at the edge of the meadow,
we pushed boat and canoe right to the meat,
so that we just took it down and passed it into
the boat. On our return we called at Tallu-
lah again, and picking up the rest of the party
continued with them across Rossignol to the
mouth of the Hopper, where we parted com-
pany, after giving them a fry or two, so they
could tell the taste, thinking, of course, we
were the only successful hunters on this side
of the lake. After a short tow, we landed on
Ford’s Point, and seeing no fresh works we
proceeded back to the Hotel Screecher, and
pak lavishly of moose steak and potatoes.

uring the afternoon E. K. worked about the
peas, covering up for the winter, while

red and I went down the lake in the canoe
and cruised as far back as Harlow Bog, with-
out seeing anything. On our return we fired
a few shots at a mark, had supper of some more
moose steak, and with the usual killing in the
twilight, retired at 7.30.

November 13th.—At 5 a.m. it was raining,
so did not get out until 7, when it had cleared
and a gentle breeze from the westward with a
clear rising sun gave promise of an extra fine

ay.

What a sight to look out across the lake and
see the sunrise! He who has not seen the sun
rising over the November treetops, and never
smelled moose steak frying for breakfast, has
missed one of the greatest experiences of life!
After breakfast we set out across 4th lake and
up Codd’s Brook. E. K. had to go up Con-
way’s Brook to look at a timber lot, and as. it

was wet and hard walking, I decided not to

accompany them. Getting a description of

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

f" aie

Gare ae eee) eee

ari.

ore

the country between the brook and Codd’s _
Lake, and borrowing E. K.’s compass we part-

ed company at 9.45, they striking to the south
east and I off to the westward. hes alone
and in a strange country I went slowly and
noted the direction. About half a mile back
I came on fresh tracks so crept, and peered
and listened and after a time came out to the
shore of Codd’s Lake without having sighted
anything larger than a partridge.

After a brief rest and getting my bearings
I worked back over the hills and throug

swamps until I came to the tracks made ~

evidently by the same animal that I had been
so close to earlier in the day. Continuing up
a thickly wooded knoll my creeping and
listening would have done credit to an old
Micmac. But nothing came of it, so sittin
down on a wind fall I wondered if this menta
combat that the white man experiences when
he comes in contact with the animal world was
not what made the Indian so happy and un-
progressive. My reverie was broken by a
slight stir off to the right, and on looking
through an opening between the trees, I saw
the horns of a moose rise and then vanish
again, and the next instant the outline of head
and shoulders pass another opening. I fired,
and seeing the head, fired again, then running
in a distance of 40 yards found him down at
12.20, shot through the shoulder and over the
ear.

After making sure he was dead I blazed
my way back to the road, and fired two shots
as our signal. I next went to the boat, put a

note on the oar, and taking the axe and grub-

went back and proceeded to dress him. After

partly skinning, I began to figure how to get

the entrails out, but beyond a general idea
of the operation, I knew nothing. Holding a
master’s certificate for a sea going ship, being
able to find the error of the compass by ob-

servation, picking a position on the chart by

dead reckoning, or demonstrating first, aid to
the injured were useless knowledge when con-
fronted with the many and intricate parts that
ersist in bobbing up while an inexperienced
hand is trying to rip open a moose. However,
with a great deal of patience and lots of time
I at last finished and got through with the
job in a very creditable manner! It bein
about the time we were to meet at the boat,

expected soon to have help, so had dinner.

before going on with the removal of the hide.
As no one appeared then, I went at it again,

and by hard trying and many times rolling and ~
shifting the carcass, finished at last and start-

ed out to the boat, when I met E. K. and Fred
coming. After the usual salutations about

getting lost etc. they showed me their should-

ers covered with blood stains, from carrying

out the head of a two year old moose that

Fred had shot while E. K. was looking over
the timber. We returned, cut afd hung up

'

tt

a

5

to work, and real work
carry a five hundred pound
ile to the water, and E. K. and
“red’s three-quarters of a mile
deep bog and half as much water.
orst of all, to drag and pole the boat up

and Conway’s Brooks about two miles!
in strong, got the first load over half

eeding load until I dumped the last within
of the place where I started. It dawned
then why the Indians used to move the
close to the meat—it was much easier
moving the meat.

wever; by 10.45 I had it half out and
boiling the kettle and having dinner .I
hed at 1 p.m., all in completely. E. K.

_ shoved on down stream to a suitable place to

have dinner, after which they continued, ar-
‘Tiving at the foot of the running water at 2.
Loading my moose, we proceeded down the
_ still water with the boat only half a stroke
clear amidships. We arrived back at the
_ Lodge at 3 p.m. and although tired and wet
_ we felt rather proud as we surveyed the three
_ heads and carcasses lying side by side. Our
_ home grub was beginning to show signs of

wear, so for oa) we prepared an extra al-
_ lowance of steak and potatoes, and all ate
heartily, after which we hunted, killed and
_ carried them all over again before retiring at

p.m.

-_ November 15th.—According to plans, we
hustled out early to get things ready to start
for home, but owing to the weather, were
obliged to remain, it being an easterly gale
and beginning to rain, so after hurrying the
_meat under cover we got breakfast and turned
in again. Home grub being about depleted,
[ went to work cooking, with what raw mater-
jal was available; made a molasses ginger-
bread without any shortening, started a batch
of bread, and fried flapjacks. After supper,

C Fall hundreds of thousands of
dollars worth of furs are shipped out
of the Hudson Bay territory on the
ers of two great corporations—The
| Bay Company and Revillon Freres
control the fur trade of that vast
. These shipments contain many thou-
f skins. The Hudson Bay Company
exploiting this rich trade for two
and forty-five years and the ques-
ally arises: Are the fur bearing
that region approaching the period
nation? Also are the game-laws

: o try in operation there and do
y E the Indians whose existence is

DN ET AHAY Ly Me are oa ae
if rp

d Fred carried theirs in three loads and Kempton Lake.

at 3 sine ¥
when the bread was beginning to overflow, I _
put an extra stick of wood in the stove, and
very gingerly placed the rising dough in
oven, expecting to see a real fluffy loaf con
out. But alas! instead of rising up it settled
below the level of the sides of the pan, which
was by no means a high one. At 6.30 p.m
the bread:being considered done I removed it ©
from the oven—loaf one and one-quarter in-
ches thinner than when moulded. It was
decided by a two-third vote that I am a better
hunter than baker.
expecting to start for home in the morning.

November 16th.—We were up at 5 a.m. +

The wind was blowing a gale from the west-
ward, and it was too rough to cross the lake in
our boat, so after breakfast we rowed to Tallu-
lahIsland, and found the crowd just leaving for
Got in the motor boat with
them, and after crossing Lake Rossignol drop-
ped the canoe and two of the party. We kept
the boat and Charles, the most important
one of the outfit, and proceeded to the
Screecher, where we loaded our three moose,
together with one of theirs in motor boat, our
skiff and canoe, and set sail for home at 10.30.
Crossing the lake from Black Islands to Wild
Cat Point was very rough, but by the good
seamanship of Captain Charles, the buoyancy
of the boats, and the pumping ability of your
humble servant, we arrived safe and sound at
Lowes Landing at 12.15, and found the team
waiting for us as arranged.

After depositing our cargo in the boat house
and having a bite of dinner we left at 1.15 and
arrived back at Caledonia at 4.30, with our
visages aglow, that is, what could be seen for
whiskers.

After arranging about getting the meat out,
we hunted and killed them over and over again
BY the fire, and looked forward to many
pleasant evenings, when while dozing and
smoking, we can mentally enjoy the pleasures
of our successful hunt of 1915.

~~ THE UNDIMINISHED SUPPLY
3 - NATURAL CONSERVATION OF THE
| NORTHERN FUR
R. J. F.

With each new extension of the provincial
boundaries into the North each newly-acquir-
ed territory automatically comes under the
jurisdiction of the game wardens. But in
the Hudson Bay the laws are not enforced.
‘“‘They are a farce here,’ stated one of the
old “Kings of the Hudson Bay.” “Since
1670 the company has been trading here
and no diminution of the fur can be shown.”
The game laws are useful in holding in check
the white trappers on the south side of the
height of land. It keeps them from_pene-
trating the territories any further than a
few miles beyond the settlements. That
is the purpose of these laws. The whiteman
would clean out the fur. The Indian really

We got to bed early, —

ai

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ee nai

2 8

~
= Satie |
-

= ;

er, >
bet ras
’ eee

P mw

yee a
»

re = aod

288

protects it. He will trap no more than what _

will relieve his present needs. His inherent

laziness is a greater protection to the fur ©
country than all the man-made laws of the

state. So long as ‘an Indian is making a
living he wants no more. With food and
clothing in abundance he is satisfied, for no
Indian ever traps for avarice or gain. Sur-
round him with a band of deer and the fur-
bearing animals can pass about him un-
molested. If a native owes the trader $500.
debt he will trap until that amount has
been gathered—then he stops working and
so long as the food supply remains spends
the days in idleness.

To illustrate the foregoing Factor Nicolson
of Rupert’s House related the following
incident. ‘One of my trappers,” he said,
“was travelling down the river here last ‘win-
ter, with the purpose of turning in his fur.
A black fox left the woods and started across
the snow ahead of him. He fired with his
shot gun and wounded it. Just then a flock
of white partridge, roused by the shot, flew
by ; to them he gave the second barrel and
followed them down the river while the
crippled fox was allowed to escape into. the
bush: The latter meant big profits to him
but the birds meant feasting. He was an
Indian and like all his fellows the latter was
his choice.”

_ The Indians follow a system of conversa-
tion in their trapping. They each have
their own well defined territories and no
hunter is so foolish as to settle in one sec-
tion until he has cleaned out all the fur.
They have a plan of rotation and some large

_ tracts are untravelled for several years so
that the animals multiply unmolested. What

would happen if a white trapper settled in
one of those rich districts? He would make

_ his fortune but never quit until the last pelt
had been gathered in and the animals had

been, exterminated. The Indian, shiftless
and improvident though he is, instinctively
looks ahead. The intuitive sense of con-
servation is born, not cultivated, in. him.

~~ Also, the companies discourage the trapping

_ for such.

of unprime fur and refuse to pay the hunters
In the old days if an Indian
trespassed on another’s trapping grounds

he was turned out by the trader, whose word

then was the only law in the land. To-day

this jurisdiction of the old Scotch factors
is still in evidence and in the Hudson Bay
the Indians know ne other master.

Each summer game wardens visit ““The
Bay” but the companies have ample warn-

ing and no confiscation of contraband takes
place.

These visitations are merely a mat-
ter of form. If the authorities stationed a

A Press Despatch is responsible tor the state-
ment that a rabbit with horns was shot by a
hunter recently, near Farley, Mo., 2) miles
north of Kansas City. The man and three
companions trailed the rabbit two miles
through the snow after wounding it. The
rabbit is of ordinary size and color, but the
horns at the back of the ears are well developed
and about an inch and ahalfinlength. There
are three horns at the back of the left ear and

A OUR 2 aes ANS
ROD AND GUN

. the present charter of the Hudson Bay Com- —

they would trap the compa
soon as the latter took the fur from
dians. The hunters might be advanced

it and told to wait and hold their cat
but after the sammer months had gone ¢
the Indians prepared to leave again for th
winter trapping grounds someone would have

to take over the spoil. As long as the war-
dens watch the “‘line country™,/thee team:
catch the white trapper’s contraband 4 _
the occasional fines that are levied on the
agents of the Hudson Bay Company in the ~
settlements helps to scare the petty trader —
and lessens the number of infringements .
the law. The free trader cannot send out —
his shipments by sea as do the Hudson Bay ~
Company and Revillon Freres and th

latter would never ship it for them.

Finally, the government knows to a skin
how much contraband is shipped from that —
region, obtaining the knowledge from the —
customs returns and the annual London ©
sales. Knowing this they do not interfere —
for-they realize that the Indians through ~
the agency of the Great Company are fol- —
lowing a system of conservation in close —
accordance with the laws of nature. Lack

In connection with the game laws it is in- —
teresting to note the unique privileges which —

pany grants to its holders. It says that
the Federal and Provincial Governments
cannot molest them in their business. This —
is the agreement entered into between the

perial Government, who granted the charte ce
is responsible and a test case is now before
the highest courts in the land. The same ~
charter allows of the selling and trading of —
liquor which was part of the Company's —
business at the time. In the city of Winni-
peg local option could not¢be enforced be-
cause the municipality had not the legal power
to prohibit the company’s sales. The pass-—
ing of the act would have given them the
liquor monopoly of the city. Of course the
Hudson Bay Company does not trade liq
now. The governors of the company
hibited it for their own interests and t
also live up to the letter of the charter
selling all the fur at auction in the Londo
market. It would not benefit them to clash ©
with the government or the terms of th

Indian act. “AA Ne

one at the back of the right. None of the
thirty other rabbits killed by the party ha
horns. <7 ee

The Canadian Forestry Association mak
the statement that if Canada would ta
simple measures to stop the plague of
fires, the timber saved would pay the
interest on the last Dominion loa
$100,000,000. Es,

Readers are invited to contribute to this 7,
depart:nent notes, comments and en-
quiries concerning firearms and ammun-
ition. Communications must be brief
and to the -point and persoralities must
not be indulged in. The Editor will not
be held responsible for opinions express-

by

correspondents.

Address all

communications to A. B. Geikie, c/o Rod
and Gun, Woodstock, Ontario.

The Publishers of Rod and Gun Magazine invite readers of the magazine to contri- |
bute articles and letters to Mr. Geikie’s department on matters pertaining to guns and
ammunition, but do not necessarily endorse the opinions expressed therein by these
contributors.

ARMS THAT HELPED TO SHOVE THE
FRONTIER OFF THE MAP

LTHOUGH considerable space has
been taken up by the writer in the two
previous numbers of Rod and Gun in

considering the more popular of the revolvers
that figured prominently in the West in
Frontier days, it would be perfecty safe to
say that the subject has been but little more
han briefly dealt with, for one could write
indefinitely of the merits of the old six-guns
and the men who used them back in the *70’s
and °80’s and there would still remain more
to be said that would prove of interest to
practically all but that class who fail to see
anything of merit in anything in the fire arms’
line not strictly modern. In considering the
famous rifles of Frontier times as is now in-
tended no attempt will be made to dig into
he subject much deeper than the ‘grass roots’
as the old prospector would say, as the limited
space in these columns will not permit sinking
anywhere near to bed rock. Believing that
_ the reader will fully appreciate the situation
- without further preliminary remarks we will
_ begin, where I am sure all will agree we should,
with the old Sharp’s, as it was the first of the
really successful breech loaders to be had in
those days when the land belonged to no man
and the game to those who could get it.

The exact date at which the first Sharp’s
appeared I am unable to state positively, but
im examining and admiring an old Sharp’s
carbine recently, belonging to a friend, the
oldest date I could find on it was 1848 which
leads me to believe that that year probably,

-

(GONTINUED FROM LAST ISSUE)
By Ashley A. Haines

marks the appearance of this famous arm.
This old Sharp’s was also stamped “‘New
Model 1863”, with “Lawrence Pat. 1859”
stamped on lock and rear sight. This gun,
of course, was one of the old Sharp’s made to
use the paper cartridges the end of which was
cut off by the sharp edge of the breech block
as it was brought to a closed position as lever
was drawn to place. All of these guns, I
think, were made to use the regular percussion.
musket cap of that period, the tube being
located in the vertical-sliding breech block,
which was so strongly locked as to be an ab-
solute guarantee against “‘letting loose’ when
the arm was fired with the most excessive
charges. As the early Sharp’s were before
my time, the reader will pardon me, perhaps,
for sliding out a bit of ‘‘catalog information”
at this point.

From Blake’s rifle catalogue I quote the
following concerning the early Sharp’s rifles
which many of us have seen but never used:
“The cartridge was made of cloth, having the
end nearest to the breech block closed by
tissue paper, which was saturated with nitrate
of potash. In some of the early types of this
arm, the breech block was made to cut off the
end of the cartridge and expose the powder
on being closed. One of the principal ad-
vantages of this arm over others was that a
supply of percussion caps was placed in the
magazine, held in position by a spiral spring,
and arranged in such a manner that the action
of the breech placed a fresh cap on the

289

290

nipple by the act of opening the breech.”

The Sharp’s above referred to were those
that figured so conspicuously in the Border.
War in Kansas during the *50’s and’ were the
arms used by the famous John Brown at
Harper’s Ferry. During the period beginning
with the ’50’s and ending with the close of the
Civil War, the old paper cartridge Sharps were
probably used more than any other rifles
of their power. With the appearance of the
metallic cartridge, many of the old paper-
cartridge Sharps were altered to handle the
new ammunition and these old arms handling
the new ammunition were much sought after
by men of the frontier, many of whom only
discarded them for the Model 1874 Sharp’s
brought out especially to handle metallic
cartridges. And this Sharp’s, and_ the
Sharp’s-Bortchart, 1878 Model, being the
Sharp’s that became especially famous on the
frontier are the ones which interest us far
more than their predecessors as the last two
models were neater in design, better from the
speed-ot-fire standpoint and handled cart-
ridges of great power and extreme accuracy.

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

water-proof. Then that heavy hammer when
shot forward by its ‘exceptionally strong
mainspring spelled s-u-r-e-f-i-r-e just as cer-
tainly as the primer in the cartridge was a
perfect one.

The long groove in rear of: breech block,
while not contributing to the beauty of the
arm in any way, greatly facilitated rapid load-
ing as this grcove acted as a cartridge guide,
many shooters becoming so accustomed to
the old Sharp’s as to pay little attention to
entering the cartridge into the chamber pro-
per but merely dropped the cartridge into the
guide, muzzle of the arm pointing down, with
ihe result that the cartridge slid readily into
the chamber after which the lever was closed
and arm ready for firing.

The. Sharp’s in several models has been
made in carbine, musket and sporting form.
In the 1874 sporting model, though I cannot
be absolutely sure, I doubt if many were used
weighing less than nine (9) pounds—possibly
none were made under this weight, if even as
light as this. The Sharp’s rifles have not
been made for so long that it seems absolutely

SHARP’S “OLD RELIABLE” MODEL 1874 RIFLE.

The 1874 model Sharp’s had a vertical
sliding breech block, operated by a finger
lever from underneath, the first opening move-
ment of the lever withdrawing firing pin, as in
the present Winchester single shot, which is a
Sharp’s in modified form and with which most
of the readers are familiar. Probably no
other single shot rifle of its day, or any other,
for that matter, could be depended on to
extract any shell that could be forced into the
chamber with greater certainty than the 1874
model Sharp’s. ‘This was one of its especially
strong points. Another was the strength of
its breech-locking device. ‘The falling block
system used in the paper-cartridge Sharp’s
had been retained in the 1874 model and has
been copied by many other makers, both at
home and abroad. None, however pre-
judiced, can be found who will claim it pos-
sible to devise a stronger locked action, with-
out thickening the walls of the receiver, as the
principal of locking was absolutely correct in
every respect. The 1874 model had an outside
hammer. This, in the eyes of the modern
riflemen who can see nothing approaching the
beautiful unless it has a centrally-hung ham-
mer, or, as is fast becoming the fashion, is a
hammerless arm, was one decidedly ugly
feature about this Sharp’s. But that outside
hammer stood for reliability in more ways than
one as some rifles of its day were so constructed
as to permit water to enter the lock and with a
sudden drop in the temperature a “‘frozen-
up” gun resulted. -But not so with our out-
side hammer Sharp’s which was practically

impossible to gather all the data concerning
them one would like to have. From what I
have. seen, however, and from what I can
learn from various sources, it seems that the
Sharp’s mostly in demand on the frontier
were guns that would exceed rather than run
under ten pounds, while some of the old
Sharp’s used especially for buffalo hunting,
and which were often spoken of as Sharp’s*
Buffalo Guns’, would weigh from 12 to 18
pounds. ‘Think of a hunter of to-day packing
an arm of such excessive weight, without a
whimper, after the fast-diminishing game in
rough mountain districts, through windfalls,
etc! And yet in the buffalo days the heavy
Sharp’s were the guns that many found the
best for the work cut out for them.

I have mentioned the weights of the
Sharp’s hunting rifles. Now a word concern-
ing the lengths mostly used in the days when
they were so much in demand. Unless made
to special order it was seldom one would be
found with a barrel running under 30 inches,
while I think if we could only get the Old
Timers lined up who used these rifles back
in the buffalo days, they would inform us that
the lengths would usually exceed thirty inches.
I know that many of the Sharp’s were made
with 34-inch barrels, and as most rifle makers
supplied barrels up to 36 inches in those days
I presume that the Sharps could be had as
long as that, if not longer. :

Many, possibly all, I am not quite sure
about this, of the 1874 Sharps were equipped
with set triggers. With one of the long-

. —

— 7

a

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 291

>— ao

/ FISHING--- ae |
The Finest Vacation

(4 ES SS VOSS SSS Ss ee ac aan nan ea SO SSS LQ BS
SESS SI ATT TP oe ONY,

Conventions, business trips, social tournaments M)
and all of the other ‘‘good times” leave you more All
than ever in need of a real vacation. Fishing is (\

the greatest sport on earth. It keeps your mind KN
busy. It gives your nerves a chance to get new \)
strength, and puts new ‘‘pep”’ into your whole body. Yj

bX]

Pam.
—SS

TRADE MARK REG. U.S. PAT:OFF

The Prize Winning Rods

are real friends of the t.b.m., the wornout teacher,
the exhausted. doctor and lawyer, or anybody
who wants to become ‘“‘fit.””’ Here are four groups
of prize winnipg fish caught on ‘‘Bristol’? Rods.
(1) 15-Ib. 35-inch Togue cavght at Porter's Lake, New Vineyard, Me., by
E. W. Parker.

(2) Champion Square Tail caught at Portage, Wisc., by Louis Dittberner.
(3) Scrappy old Pike caught by Ed. A. Ash, Chicago, Ill

(4) 10; lb. Wall eyed Pike, Prize Winner in F. & 8. Naticnal Fishing Contest,
caught by George Ault of Chicago, Il,

‘Bristol’? No. 25 is the leader of all the famous
‘Bristol’? Bait Casting Rods. Short close grip
cork handle with detachable finger hook; large
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cast 75 to 100 fi. Six lengths, weighing 8 to 814
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32 Horton Street - Bristol, Conn.

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oe : — - = SS SSS

9O9

292 ROD AND GUN IN: CANADA

barrelled, heavy weight Sharp’s, finely sighted
and delicately adjusted set triggers using one
of the many long range cartridges adapted to
it; with the wind in his favor, and within
range of an unsuspecting nerd of buffalo, ‘is it
any wonder that one man reports his hunting
partner killing, with his old Sharp’s, 74
buffalo from his position in a buffalo wallow?
Or that this same hunter has been reported
to have killed 2300 buffalo that winter, while
his companions (number not stated) killed
1200. And, last of all, is it to be wondered
at that the buffalo, and much of the rest of the
big game went down before the destructive
fire of the black powder Sharp’s, Remingtons,
Ballards and early Winchesters—a full decade
before smokeless rifles were within our reach?

I am indebted to Mr. A. G. Holmes, Green
Bay, Wisconsin, for the photo of his old 161%
pound .45-120-550 Sharps and Colt’s revol-
vers, etc., that figured prominently on the
Frontier. Also for the following which is a
quotation from Mr. Holmes’ letter:

MR. A. B, HOLMES’

“The little description of my old Sharp’s
is that it was owned by one of the surveyors
on the Border Survey between the U. S.-and
Canada and was carried by hand and horse
from Superior to the Sound. It has a record
of having killed all the game found on the
Continent in those days, buffalo, grizzly,
brown and black bear, antelope, mule, black
and white tail deer, moose, wolf, coyote,
beaver, lion, Indians, Mexicans, several white
men and one ’coon. ‘This covers to my idea
about as big a variety as any I have ever
heard of. I had this given to me out in
Washington several years ago by a party who
went to Alaska, he having same willed to him
on the owner’s death. This gun has been
carried by numerous men and stolen several
times, hence the large variety of killings re-
ported. The barrel has no spots and is as
good as new and weighs 161% pounds, double
set trigger and has also been used when
buffalo hunting with a telescope sight and

afterwards on the range used that way.’
Some history for an old Sharp’s that!

My recollection of the mechancial features
of the Sharp’s-Bortchart is rather dim having
been nearly, if not quite thirty years since
having seen one, so will quote from an ad-
verlisement that appeared in The American
Field away back in ’83:

“The operation of this system is remarkable
for its simplicity and ease of manipulation.
Throwing down the lever (which serves also
for a trigger sure? ejects with certainty the
exploded shell, and cocks the rifle; the same
motion automatically moves the safety-
catch and locks the trigger, so that accidental
discharge is impossible. The cartridge is
now inserted and the lever returned to its
position. The rifle, although now loaded,
may be carried and handled in any manner
with perfect safety; there is nothing to catch
in bushes; it may be pulled out of boat or
wagon by the muzzle or handled in any
manner, however carelessly (for other rifles)

15-120-550 SHARP’S “OLD RELIABLE”

and cannot be discharged except by inten-
tionally releasing the safety-catch and pulling
the trigger. The safety-catch is so located
behind the trigger, and under the trigger-
‘guard, that it can be instantaneously, but
in no case accidently, released. When great
rapidity of fire is desirable, the safety-lever
may be quickly removed, so that the piece
can be discharged immediately upon closing
the breech.”

This Sharp’s Hammerless rifle was fully as
well entitled to a place among the Old Re-
liables as the Hammer Model Sharp’s, the
Remingtons or Ballards, and while it met with
a good reception among Frontiersmen, there
were many who preferred the 1874 model even
if it were ornamented with the cumbersome
outside hammer. Strange, but true I believe,
the Frontiersmen as a whole were not the men
to fall in love readily with any hammerless
arm. ‘Give mea gun with aswing-hammer,”
a cowboy has been reported as saying, “and

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 293

I fee! as if I have a real gun,”’ and this con-
dition, to a great extent, prevails among many
of the survivors. of Frontier days at the pre-
sent time.

SHARP’S-BORTCHART MODEL 1878 HAMMER-
LESS RIFLE, SHOWING CLOSE VIEW
OF BREECH.

As I remember it, the Sharp’s Hammerless
was fully as strongly locked as the earlier
models. was a very symmetrical arm, was one
unsurpassed for rapid manipulation, the only

earthly tault I had to find with it being the
fact that it was hammerless. Many admire
the actions of these Sharp’s so much that often
excessive prices will be paid for one regard-
less of the condition of barrel or stock inorder
to have some gunsmith re-barrel and re-
stock expressly for target use. But in their
day they were used for more serious work than
punchirg holes in a paper target. Whether
used by their owners on the big game to be met
with in such abundarce in the West, or for the
more serious work of repelling an attack from
the painted Red Men, the old paper-cartridge
Sharp’s, the 1874 model hammer Sharp’s and
the Sharps-Bortchart hammerless often proved
their worth and no arms ever used by man
were better entitled to the name so generally
given them—‘“Old Reliables’—than they
were.

In the preliminary remarks in the first
chapter I think I said something about the
power of the rifles that could be had in the
Frontier days. The impression, you know,
prevails to a considerable extent that “‘Dread-
naught of the Jungles” are of comparatively
recent origin. While we will have little to say
concerning the cartridges adapted to Sharps
rifles at this time, leaving this to be dealt
with after the Remingtons and Ballards mave
been disposed of simplyfor the reason that all
three makes used the more popular of the
cartridges in use at the time of which we write,
it might prove of interest to consider the
-45-120-550 Sharps cartridge from the stand-
point of velocity and energy. Ballistics for
this or many of the other cartridges that were
used so generally thirty or forty years ago
carnot be obtained from the ammunition
factories, so the best we can do will be to make
a “guess” at it which, by the way, in the pre-
sent case, I think will not be altogether guess
work either. Some five or six years ago Mr.
Chas. Newton became interested in the single
shot Winchester rifle when used with a .45-70
barrel chambered for the .45-125 Winchester

FOR THE
FISHING TRIP

Start right in the morning. That
means that you must have a good
cup of coffee. There is not much
difference in coffees, but there is
a lot of difference in the way
they are made.

‘‘Canada First’? Evaporated Milk
will make a rich, creamy cup of
coffee that will start you off on
the trip without a grouch and at
peace with the world.

No fuss or trouble with

“CANADA FIRST’
Evaporated Milk

Just punch two little holes in the top af
the can with the point of a knife, one to
let the air in, the other to let the milk
out. Use it also for tea, cocoa, with
cereal, on berries and for making cream2d
potatoes. Keeps without ice for several
days after being opened.

Aylmer Condensed Milk Co., Limited
AYLMER ONTARIO

294

Express shell. In this gun he worked up
several strictly high power loads, which in the
present instance ae not interest us as well as
one loaded to give so nearly the approximate
results that I should expect the .45-120-550
Sharps to give, that for the present purpose his
figures will prove very interesting. This load
consisted ‘of 115 grains bulk Schuetzen and 8
grains black powder and the 500-grain .45-70
lead bullet. The velocity for this charge was
1690 f.s. and energy 3200 ft. lbs. I do not
claim that the .45-120-550 Sharp’s would equal
this charge but believe that it would be prac-
tically equal to it. Now, if this is right, is
there any one who will claim that there were
not rifles of the time we write sufficiently
powerful for the game of that time? The load
of Mr. Newton’s which we will consider prac-
tically the same as the .45-120 Sharp’s, gave a
velocity of something like 500 f.s. less than
the Dreadnaught of the Jungle (the .405
Winchester) and would also show a higher
trajectory, at the same time we must not
overlook the fact that in energy it very nearly
equalled the .405 at the muzzle, and for
accuracy and willing power at long range it,
and many other cartridges adapted to the
Sharp’s, Remingtons and Ballards, was with-
out doubt equal if not superior to many cart-
ridges used at the present time for big game
shooting. So we can readily see that the
frontiersmen were not so badly equipped for
shooting irons as many at first thought would
suppose. They had excellent rifles in those
days and plenty of game to use them on and
in this last respect they certainly occupied
far more favorable positions than most of us
whose big game shooting usually extends to
nothing more ferocious than the mule deer.

I have been told by old buffalo and antelope
hunters that the heavy Sharps, Remingtons
and Ballards were often used on the game at
long range by resting on “rest sticks’, or
“‘scissors’’, as some of them christened them.
These, as I understood them, were two light

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

sticks tied together near one end with buck-
skin, or fastened with a rivet. These folded
up as a single stick, but when wanted were
spread until the legs were from 12 to 18 inches
apart. Above the pivoted part the sticks
formed a fork in which the squatting hunter
rested his heavy Old Reliable with which he
picked off the game at long range with great
regularity. A friend of mine who hunted with
one of the best big game hunters of the plains
years ago told me that he had seen work done
on antelope at long range by this hunter with
a Ballard Pacific that he had previously con-
sidered an absolute impossibility. And one
of the astonishing things about this hunter’s
work my friend said was the rapidity with
which he fired that old Ballard and the cer-
tainty with which he killed the game. This
hunter, my friend informed me. had killed
hundreds of head of big game with this rifle,
including many grizzlies, and preferred the
Ballard Pacific to any other rifle in all but
one respect. The ejection of tight fitting
shells was not as surely accomplished as with
the old Sharp’s. Still the last I heard of this
old hunter he was still using the old Ballard
but watching for a Sharp’s to tie to that
would weigh around 16 pounds.

Probably the writer has had about as much
to say, in various magazines, about the
various modern rifles and the high-power am-
munition adapted to them as any one. And
he believes that in many ways these modern
arms have advantages over anything in use
back in Frontier days; but if it was a matter
of choosing a rifle from which one would have
but one shot with which to stop a charging
grizzly, or an African lion, I think that a
Sharp’s a Remington, or a Ballard Pacific
using a .45-100-500, a .45-120-550 or .50-100-
473 cartridge could be fully as well depended
on to “stop the game short” as anything
regularly offered us at the present time; and
by this I mean Feb. 29, 1916. The Reming-
tons will be considered next; then the Ballards.

(To be continued).

MOLDING ONE’S OWN BULLETS

F. N. Matterson

a short contribution to a magazine

you will say but the whole of this little
article could be summed up into those few
words and you would have the whole meat.
I have for many years, like Lieut. Whelen
who contributed an article on this subject
in Outer’s Book some two or three years ago,
given up the practice of molding my own
lead and alloy bullets entirely. The job
when done at home is wearisome, dirty and
conducive to much profanity. Bullets of
all calibers and shapes can be purchased
from either the manufacturers of rifles or
from the Ideal people at so low a figure that
there now exists no excuse for a sportsman
filling the house with smoke on a hot July
afternoon in an endeavor to do what very

Pe ssc A queer way to start

few can do, produce absolutely perfect bullets
with the implements now on the market.
I do not refer to the heavy Armory molds
supplied by one of our tools manufacturers
but refer solely to the hand tools familiar

to all of us. An absolutely true even bullet
which will calibrate exactly the desired
diameter when accurately measured can

hardly be produced by means of a hunk of
lead, a small hand bullet mold and a wheezy
kitchen range. All things considered metal
jacketed bullets (copper jacketed, mind you)
are to be preferred to lead or alloy bullets.
A copper jacketed bullet will upset more
fully in the bore of a high power rifle than
will a bullet jacketed with cupro-nickel;
in fact the actual wear by abrasion (friction
of the bullet passing through the rifling) of

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 295

| Loads{Win Main Events

MA
In Trap Shooting performance is a fair gauge of the
superiority of the shot shells used by the winners.
Here are a few of the scores made with Dominion
Shot Shells at the annual tournament of the Dom-
inion of Canada Game Protective and Trap Shoot-

ing Association at Cobourg, Ont., June 5, 6,7 and 8.

National Amateur (Championship, won by H. D.
Bates, 99 x 100, shooting Dominion Imperial.

Grand Canadian Handicap, won by Mark Sprague,
94 x 100, shooting Dominion Sovereign.

High Average, H. D. Bates, tied for first, 288 x 300,
96%, shooting Dominion Imperial.

High Amateur for all targets, S. G. Vance, 568 x 600,
94 2-3%, Shooting Dominion Imperial.

Preliminary Day, S. G. Vance scored 96 x) 100,
shooting Dominion Imperial.

Long Runs for Tournament, 1st, 2nd and 3rd, won
with Dominion Shells. H. D. Bates 118, E. G.
White 100, John S. Boa 98.

High Professional Average for the Tournament,
nade by John S. Boa, 574 x 600, 95 1-2%, shooting
Dominion Canuck.

These are Canadian Wins made by Canadians with
Canadian Ammunition.

The big “D” on every box means a reliable trap load.

Dominion Cartridge Company, Limited
836 Transportation Building, Montreal

296

the properly-fitted copper-jacketed bullet
on a barrel of high grade nickel or other
smokeless powder steel, is scarcely greater
than the wear produced by the tin-hardened
lead bullet on the soft black steel barrels of
a generation ago. A barrel of a high power
rifle wears out by erosion—cutting or scorch-
ing away of the interior of the barrel, com-
mencing at the chamber end and running
up the lands for a space often of two and
three inches caused by the action of the hot
gases generated by the ignition of the powder
charge. This is the cause of the falling-off
in accuracy of the modern high power rifle.

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

It will take many, many thousands of rounds
of metal jacketed bullets to appreciably en-
large the bore of a high power rifle barrel.
Such instances have occurred but these are
unexplained phenomena not the regular
thing.

Lead bullets molded by hand tools are
never used by discriminating target shoot-
ers. Riflemen who contemplate indulging
in earnest target work almost invariably
order specially selected bullets from the fac-
tory. I have yet to see perfect results se-
cured with hand cast lead bullets.

A MODEL 1892 WINCHESTER 25-20
CARBINE

RK... G38;

HE writer but recently bought from a

dealer in St. Louis a special .25-20

model °92 .25-20 Winchester carbine.
It is a “big little gun” all right and has to
date killed three deer in the hands of the
writer using U. M.C. shells loaded with
a charge of Lightning powder and the reg-
ular .25-caliber soft point bullet. This arm
is fitted with nickel steel barrel and Lyman
peep and ivory bead sights, is finely en-
graved and is furnished with an excellent
select walnut stock with shotgun metal
butt-plate. It is a gun that appeals to me
greatly in many ways. As a_ woodchuck
rifle it is almost ideal and as I have before
stated it has made good on deer on three
occasions so I am fully satisfied that it is
at any rate a good gun for medium sized
game. Were I to go up against dangerous
four-footed game of the “Old Ephraiam’’
type undoubtedly I would grab on to some-
thing heavier and hitting more foot pounds
than my little sawed-off.

I have always had a great admiration for
the short guns since the days of the old
Spencer recently mentioned in this magazine
by a writer. The old Spencer was not an
ideal gun in many ways but it was fairly
light, decidedly easy to get into action and
easy to carry on horseback. These features
made the old carbine of .56 calibre a favor-
ite in its day. My little .25-20 has all these
good points and weighs much less than the
old Spencer ever dreamed of weighing and

will give much better results as regard-
accuracy. Of course I am not for one mo-
ment dreaming of stacking up the modern
Winchester against the antiquated Spencer;
such proceedings would be ridiculous and
place me in a ludicrous position in the eyes
of the knowing hunter and rifle crank but
I was simply comparing the difference be-
tween the carbine of 1860 and of 1892—with
everything in favor of the modern arm.

I would greatly bke to hear from any of
the readers who have a liking for this model
and who have seen it make good on deer.
I believe that not every .25-20 has three
deer heads to its credit.

Editor’s Note—Some months ago I had
the pleasure of examining a made-to-order
carbine of the make and model described
by the above writer and was informed by
the owner, an enthusiastic rifleman and
hunter of the first water, that the little arm
had several deer to its credit. The owner
of the .25-20 carbine in question is proprietor
of a large gun store and as such has at his
disposal all the various calibers but this
arm has gone with him on several occasions
to the hunting fields in preference to many
other arms. Perhaps if Mr. J. A. V. catch-
es sight of these lines he may come across
with some more information relative to the
killing of deer with the .25-20 carbine as the
writer has forgotten the ammunition used
and the conditions under which the game
was killed.

QUERIES AND ANSWERS

A .22-Caliber Single Shot Rifle.

Editor Guns and Ammunition: Iam think-
ing of purchasing a fine single shot Win-
chester .22-Caliber musket for target shoot-
ing, using the .22 Long Rifle cartridge load-
ed with Lesmok powder. In a letter I re-
ceived from you some time ago you have
referred to Lieut.-Col. C. B. Winder of the
Ohio National Guards, who used one of

these rifles for target work and you _ said
you thought he used a special match barrel
on this rifle. Now what I would like to
know is who makes these special match bar-
rels that you have reference to,—is it the
Winchester Co. or some private gun maker?
I have never heard of any gun maker who
made special match barrels and I would be
very much obliged to you if you would give

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

ON THE FIRING LINE
1915 G.A.H , GRANT PARK, CHICAGO

Don’t Miss The Big Shoot

IGGER and better than ever this year—handsome

trophies for the winners—an outing full of pleasure

and a tournament that will test your gunskill to the
limit. Make sure to be on hand for the

GRAND AMERICAN

TRAPSHOOTING TOURNAMENT

St. Louis, Mo., August 21-25th

Seven traps will be in operation. Ideal conditions are anticipated.
All of the country’s shooting stars wil] be there and every man will
have his chance to win the Nation’s Shooting Honors and the trophy
that goes with them. Get ready now—come.and bring the folks.
St. Louis is easily accessible and there’s a good time in store for all.

Plan Your Vacation to Include the Grand American Event.

For Program and special information write to E. Reed
Shaner, Secy. Interstate Association, 219 Coltart
Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pa., or the Sporting Powder
Division of

E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Company
592 Du Pont Building - Wilmington, Del.

#2= To reach the shooting grounds take Delmar car on Olive Street, St. Louis,
to Delmar Garden—auto service thence to the grounds.

297

»
298
name and address of some gun maker who
can furnish special match barrels. Would
a regular factory barrel rechambered by
Mr. Niedner be a_ special match barrel?

Or would the hand made barrel as put up
by H. M. Pope of Jersey City, N.J. and
Shoyen & Peterson, Denver, Colo., be call-
ed special match barrels? I promised to
write a 2,000 word article on the Winchester-
Niedner .25-Caliber H. P. rifle but I have
not got it yet. I had to wait three months
on the Malcolm people before they could
fill my order for a telescope sight, but it
has arrived so Mr. Niedner informed mé
last week and he is shipping the rifle on
Tuesday, Apr. 4th, fitted up in the very
best manner. He found where the trouble
was in the barrel. It was a dent across
one of the loads about a half inch from
muzzle and as I have no use for the front
slot since the scope was mounted he cut
the front slot off—that is 114 inches. That
means I have a barrel 2834’ long. He also
tried the rifle out at Dr. Mann’s range and
sent me two groups. One was ‘10 shots
at 50 yards, measuring half an inch—the
other group was 10 shots at 100 yards, which
measured 1 inch. That is fine enough for
any one. He says the rifle will now do fine
work. Kindly drop me a line in answer to
my questions for which I-enclose postage.
After I use the rifle long enough to get
acquainted with it I will write to your de-
partment on the Winchester-Niedner .25-
Caliber H. P. rifle but I must find some
good loads first.

Hoping to be favored with a reply, I remain,

Yours very truly,
Collingwood, Ont. WG. B:

It is extremely doubtful whether you
could obtain a_ special .32-caliber match
barrel at present from the Winchester peo-
ple for the simple reason that this firm is
swamped in war orders. My advice to
you would be for you to order a .22-caliber
with the regular 38-inch stock barrel and
have Mr. Niedner rechamber the arm tight-
ly for. the regular Long Rifle shell. He
has done this werk on pistols ima very sat-
isfactory manner and there is no doubt
but that your musket will show increased
accuracy as a-result of his*:work. The May
issue of ‘Rod and Gun’ contains an article
by a Mr. Bennett of Boston, illustrated
with an excellent photo of a_ single shot
.22-caliber pistol made entirely by Mr. Nied-
ner and re-chambered by him on his system
for the .22 short.

Failing in this would recommend either
Pope or Schoyen fix you up a barrel. Per-
sonally would suggest Mr. Niedner, as
there is no one better capable of handling
the job. I would suggest that you have
your rifle fitted with a gold bead front sight
and Lyman 103 tang rear and a 5 power
*scope amounted with micrometer mountings
with Mann taper dovetail bases. These
are the only bases made which admit of no
variation from day to day and I can heartily
recommend them. I have had much cor-
respondence of late with Mr. Niedner and
upon my return to Detroit he is to re-cham-
ber a single shot .30-40 Winchester on his sys-

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

tem of tight accurate chambering for the
regular commercial shell, he will also work
over the breech block and firing pin for
the writer.

I congratulate you upon your success
with the .25 Niedner-Winchester and most
certainly hope that your rifle turns up in
splendid shape and makes good on the tar-
get in a manner that will simply ‘clean up
the bunch.” Certainly your gun_ should
as Niedner’s work is of the finest and has
yet to be excelled. The groups shown by
your rifle at the range of Dr. Mann’s are
fine and I believe that by judicious loading
even finer results can be obtained.

I certainly hope to hear from you re your
rifle when everything gets settled and you
have decided upon some good leads for
your arm. I would suggest that you see
the article by Mr. N. H. Roberts on the
subject in a back number of this magazine.
When weighing charges of such powders
as Du Pont’s No. 15, 18, etc., it is well to
use either extremely sensitive apothecaries
scales or purchase a set of Firbanks Miners
Assay Scales for the purpose.

Trusting this will be of service.—Editor).

Remodelling a .303 Lee-Enfield.

Editor Guns and Ammunition:—l have
been a reader of the section of ‘Rod and
Gun’ edited by you, and find same very
interesting, and as I am now in need of some
information, I feel that the Guns and Am-
munition Department is the place to look
for same.

I may say that I have a .303 service rifle
which has given me good service, finding it
an excellent gun for caribou, the only draw-
back is that this gun is very heavy weigh-
ing about 12 pounds.

I am now having it altered somewhat, and
wish to know if the barrel can be reblued,
and if so, how, with full information? Also
if suitable rear and front hunting sights could
be substituted for the regular service ee
and if the length of barrel were reduced by
6 inches, would it impair its accuracy and
hitting power?

An early reply through the mails or through
the columns of your magazine would be
appreciated.

Yours truly,
St. John’s, Nfld. J. Ties

(Regarding your .303 Lee-Enfield service
rifle which I see you are having remodeled
by a gunsmith would say that the Lyman
people manufacture a receiver peep sight —
for your rifle and I would suggest that you
purchase such a sight at your dealer’s or send
direct to the manufacturers for the sight,
stating plainly the style of sight you require,
whether with or without the windgauge
arrangement. As to the re-bluing of the
metal parts of your rifle would say that
this is hardly a job for an amateur gunsmith.
There are very few gunsmiths that can do
this job properly and the various so-called
“bluing receipes” are usually fakes of the
deepest water. My advice to you would
be to send the arm to some gunsmith over
here who would undertake such work un-
less you have already located a first class

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 299

IVER JOHNSON

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IVER JOHNSON’S ARMS &
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300 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

mechanic to do your work. The reducing
of the length of the barrel will reduce the
velocity of the bullet approximately 25
f. s. for every inch cut off down to a cer-
tain point. I presume that the length of
your rifle’s barrel as it stands is about 30
inches. This is rather long for a hunting
rifle with a long receiver to add to the length.
I would suggest that it be cut down to the
length of the New Springfield barrel—24
inches.

The Lee-Enfield as a military or sporting
rifle is not in the same class as the 1903
Springfield but is a fairly satisfactory arm
for general purposes. The Enfield is fitted
with a two-piece stock while the U. S. army
gun is fitted with a stock of one piece of strong
walnut. Taking all things into considera-
tion the two-piece stock as in the case of your
Lee-Enfield 1s not as “desirable as the one-
piece stock but I would hardly attribute any
inaccuracy due to the former type. I am
publishing in the July issue a contribution
by a reader on this interesting subject.

In the present European war the Lee-
Speed seems to be bearing up very well in-
deed considering the ancient origin of the
arm and its clumsy method of loading and
manipulation. I will be most happy to
hear from you further as to how the under-
taking worked out. I see no difficulty in
your having good results if a capable man
does the work. As stated before, however,
I. personally would rather remodel a rifle
which appeals to me more as being from
the standpoint of beauty of outline, ex-
cellence of design, ease of loading and man-
ipulation, and certain other details worthy
of the expense.—FEditor).

Penetration in Steel.

Editor Guns and Ammunition: Will you
please give, through your department, a
satisfactory explanation of the following:

Why is it that the .250-3000 Savage will
send its soft point bullet through a piece
of steel when the .303 Ross or .30-220 Win-
chester or .401 Selfloader and others of this
class will only make a slight bulge in the
same piece of steel (1% inch of boiler plate)?

Why should this be when the latter named
weapons have a hitting energy of about 200
to 300 ft. lbs. more than the .250? Or is
this hitting energy only theoretical? I have
heard that the reason is on account of the
smaller caliber of the Savage but this is
nonsensical as the .250-300 will cut a hole
through the steel that a .38 caliber bullet
will fall through. It is possible to drive a
steel punch through a thin sheet of steel
with a 12-pound sledge-whereas a 2-pound
hammer would only make a mark. Which
one of these hits the harder? The sledge
of course. Therefore how does it come
about that the .303 service for instance hits
harder than the .250-3000 seeing that the
effect on steel is greater with the .250?

An explanation of the above would be
highly appreciated if answered under my
initials.

Yours truly,

Wilkie, Sask. J. Ge

(The greater penetration of the .250-3000
Savage in steel over rifles of a lower “velocity
type is due to the high speed of the little
87-grain bullet and not to its theoretical
energy in which mere paper striking force
it is excelled by all of the arms you mention.

Generally speaking velocity has a greater
bearing on actual killing power than the
effect it produces in the formula for com-
puting the theoretical energy of a bullet.
For this reason the riflemen of to-dzey usually
consider the _ theoretical energy of a
bullet with great cauticn as a criterion of
killing power, and only consider it a fair
basis of comparison when the velocities of
the two cartridges compared are very nearly
the same.

It is believed that a formula, if subjected
to some modification which would involve
relatively greater effect to velocity and which
would permit reasonably accurate compari-
sons of the average e“ectiveness of modern
high-power rifles, might be worked’ out.
The subject is still comparatively a new one
and it is probably too early in the game for
any definite suggestions to be made. We
trust that this will throw some light on the
matter.— Editor).

Some Interesting Gun Items.

Editor Guns and Ammunition:
been much interested reading the several
letters regarding the .22-caliber rifles. A
rifle of that caliber is certainly the first rifle
any man or boy needs. It can be used any-
where, indoors or out, and for a city man
it is the only one he can shoot for weeks at
a time.

I have had one for years, maybe longer
than any other man, because I believe I
had the first rifle made that would shoot
the .230-caliber Eley revolver cartridge. In
my young days I lived in Belgium, and was
well acquainted with the 6 m-m. Flobert
rifle, also the 9 m-m. Flobert, but the latter
had a breech action, not just a hammer.
The action was either a Warnant or imita-
tion Remington. About the year 1875 I
saw a revolver and cartridges to take the
.230 Eley caliber cartridges, and I thought
it would be a good idea to get a rifle made
for that size of ammunition. F. Hanquet
ef Liege made it for me, and I was surprised
at the range and power. I took it over to
England and showed it to a friend of mine.
He annexed it at once and said it was just
the thing to reduce the number of cats that
prowled around his garden and got after
his pigeons. No one in that district of Eng-
land had ever seen a rifle of such a small
caliber. I was asked to send over six later
on. I must have sent over thirty of them.
In 1879 I came over to Canada and had one
with me. No one I met with had ever
seen one of these rifles. Also it surprised
me to find that the .22-caliber cartridges
fitted the rifle and were sold in any hard-
ware store.

If any one had a .22-caliber rifle before.

1875 I should like to know it, because I am
under the impression that I owned the first
one made.

For the last number of years I have own-
ed a .22-caliber Winchester S. S., S, S. Lyman-

I have.

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 301

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America Shoot Guns Made by
PARKER BROTHERS,

Meriden, Conn., U.S.A.

MAKERS OF
GUNS THAT
SATISFY.

Send For Catalogue.

PARKER BROS., Meriden, Conn.

N. Y. Salesrooms, 32 Warren St., New York City SS

[ A. W. du Bray, Resident Agent, P.O. Box 102, San Francisco, Cal. |

302

tang sight and globe front sight, and honestly
believe that it is the very best rifle to be had.
I would not give ten cents for the best .22-
caliber repeater made and yet you find most
men and boys think a repeater is the best.
Some of them get real bug-house about an
automatic. During forty years of my life
I have used many different make of rifles.
As a volunteer in England in 1870 I had a
Snider rifle. It was called ‘the old gas pipe’
after the Martin Henry was adopted.

Just to keep up to date I bought a Lee-
Metford recently. That certainly is a busi-
ness rifle all right, and how any men can
get up to a trench that has got men defend-
ing it, armed with such a rifle I do not under-
stand. Yet we read about them doing so.
Another rifle I have is a Winchester 1892
.32-20-caliber. It has a Lyman peep sight
and a knife edge front sight protected by a
hood. I am well satisfied with this rifle.
The cartridges cost very little to re-load
and with the smokeless powder, it shoots
hard and keeps clean. I wish I had a chance
to try it on some game. A great deal has
been said about rifles having a flat trajectory
and light weight. With a Lyman rear sight
it does not take a second to raise for 100
or 200 yards. Also if you use a rifle that
is not too light you do not have to meet
the recoil with your shoulder, at the exact
moment the cartridge is fired. The less
recoil there is, the better you can aim. The
best military rifle I ever had was the Belgian
Comblain. It looked like a hammerless
but the hammer was there. It had only
one spring. In fact there was only the
lever breech block trigger, hammer and
spring and four screws in the whole breech
mechanism. It beat even the Winchester
for simplicity. One fire-arm that I have
always felt sorry I failed to buy, was a 12
shot revolver. It was one made for ex-
hibition by hand. It had two barrels, one
above the other and there were two rows
of chambers. This was a .38-caliber Colt.
Up to the time the autematics came in, it
was a top notcher. The price was only 60
fes or $12. How it was made for the price
I don’t know, but that was. away back in
the 70’s. At the same place in Brussels was
the biggest thing ever made in a revolver.
Some call the .45-caliber a cannon but what
would they say to a 6 shot double action
.577-caliber rifle cartridge? I did not ask
the price of that one. Say, I started in
talking about a .22-caliber and finish with
.577-caliber, so don’t you think it time for
me to stop? Good night!

Yours truly,
‘Lachine, P. Q. 5 Old Crank.

(I am glad to publish your interesting
communication for the benefit of the read-
ers of this department. In your many years
of experience with various firearms both
here and abroad you have doubtless en-
countered many strange and rare types of
arms, both rifle, shotgun, revolver and pistol.
I am sure that we would all be very pleased
to hear from you again along these lines.
Your communication was unsigned save for
the pen-name, hence could not be acknow-
ledged through the mail. I therefore take

ROD AND GUN INCANADA

this opportunity of thanking’ you for writ-
ing me on subjects of such interest.— Editor).

Choice of Caliber in a Remington Repeater.

Editor Guns and Ammunition: Iam about
to purchase a Remington-UMC high power
repeater but I first wish to obtain your ad-
vice as to the caliber. I am going to use
the gun on coyotes and perhaps deer. Would
the .25 be satisfactory or would you suggest
the .30-caliber? I would prefer the .25 if
it gives good results on deer.

Yours truly,

Saskatoon, Sask. rel Be

(For the purpose you mention we would
select the .30-caliber as being better adapted
to the work you have in mind. The .30-
caliber possesses more shocking power than
the .25 and is generally considered by ex-
perienced hunters as being a superior deer
rifle.— Editor).

A Rare Old Canadian-Made Rifle.

Editor Guns and Ammunition: I have
read with much pleasure some of the descrip-
tions which have appeared in Rod and Gun
of firearms which exhibit the fine workman-
ship of the old-time gunsmiths. I have
one which I prize highly both on account of
its quality and of the associations connected
with its history.

My idea of a true sportsman is a man who
procures for himself the best weapon in
the market for the price he can 4fford to
pay, and then tries by the exercise of care
and good judgment to get out of it the best
work it is capable of. When in the march
of progress newer and more efficient weapons
become available, the old rifle or shot-gun
will always be prized for the memories it
brings back of many days of good sport.

My rifle is one of a pair made at London, °
Ontario, in 1860, by Philo Soper, who was
rated by pioneer sportsmen to be the best
gunsmith in Upper Canada and quite the
equal of the best to be found anywhere.
The then Prince of Wales, afterwards King
Edward VII., made a tour of Canada in
1860, and the towns and villages he visited
vied with one another in presenting him
with appropriate souvenirs of his visit. In
anticipation of this visit, a Citizens’ Com-
mittee was formed at London, Ont., to pro-
cure a suitable present. It was decided to
commission Soper to make the best sporting-
rifle he could turn out regardless of expense.
Soper declined to risk his reputation for
perfect workmanship on a single chance,
but offered to exercise his utmost skill in
making two rifles, of which the committee
might select one for the presentation, and
dispose of the other as they might, he to
be paid 100 pounds sterling for the pair.
The late Colonel Askin, of London, agreed
to buy the one not selected, and Soper was
told to do his best. He made the two rifles
as nearly alike as possible, except that the
stock of one was of curly hard maple, and.
that of the other of figured black walnut.
Probably because it was unique and more
distinctively Canadian, the rifle with the
maple stock was selected and duly pre-
sented to the prince. The other was highly

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 303

Try It Yourself and See—

.22 Savage Automatic Rifle, Model 1912

TS outlines and balance are perfect. Ithan- The .22 Savage automatic rifle uses the record
dles and comes up to your shoulder like a _ breaking, record holding, .22 Long Rifle Les-

miniature trap shotgun. It’s got the high mok cartridge only. It’s the best and nearly
grip and low sighting plane that makes snap- the cheapest rim-fire cartridge.
shooting easy. It is hammerless, with solid breech and solid
And every time you pull the trigger it fires a top. Shotgun safety on top of tang. Takes
shot. You don’t have to work the action. You down for cleaning or carrying. Uses detach-
don’t have to change your grip. Youjusthold able box magazines—an extra one free with
on and pull—and pull again—and again—and__ each rifle.
every time you pull it puts a bullet with tack- 20-inch round barrel, shotgun butt, steel
driving accuracy just where you held your butt-plate, weight 434 pounds.
sights. If your dealer can’t supply you, we’ll send you
It’s the modern .22 rifle—a step, and a long a rifle and a hundred cartridges, express paid
step, ahead of the ordinary repeater, though in the U.S., for $12.50. And anyway, write
it costs no more. us for more particulars.

SAVAGE ARMS CO., 548 Savage Avenue, UTICA, N. Y.

|
Manufacturers of High Power and Smail Calibre Sporting Rifles, Automatic Pisto!s ana Ammunition. |
|

NEWTON HIGH POWER RIFLES

HIGHEST VELOCITY RIFLES IN THE WORLD. A new bolt action rifle, Ameri-
can made frem butt plate to muzzle. Calibers .22 to .35. Welocity 3100 f.s- Price $40.00,
Newton straight line hand reloading tools. Send stamp for descriptive circular,

NEWTON ARMS CO., Inc., 506 Mutual Life Building, BUFFALO, N. Y.

NEWFOUNDLAND

A Country of Fish and Game. A Paradise for the Camper and Angler Ideal Canoe Trip

The country traversed by the Reid Newfoundland Company’s system cectioey rich in all kinds of fish
and game. All along the route of the Railway are streams famous for their SALMON and TROUT fishing.
Also Caribou barrens. Americans who have been fishing and hunting in Newfoundland say there is no other
country in the world in which so good fishing and hunting can be secured and with such ease as in Newfound-
land. Information together with Illustrated Booklet and Folder cheerfully forwarded upon application to

J.W.N. JOHNSTONE, General Passenger Agent, Reid Newfoundland Company, 8T.JOHN’S, NEWFOUNDLAND

HIGH GRADE RIELES || New Improved REPEATING and AUTOMATIC

eet han Manafacturer’s Cost Standard Rifles. High Power—25, 30, 35 Caliber.

WPiaciatic, $18.00 Repeating, $14.50 || Guaranteed to be as represented or money refunded.
Bee Berdest shooting aud most necurate sporting ete amas:

rders with remittance have preference. ull particulars b
on request, Parts for these guns will be furnished at all Standard Arms Manufacturing Co.
times. All improved Standard Rifles have serial numbers

below 10,000. DEPT: 5: = - WILMINGTON, DEL.

304 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

prized by Colonel Askin as long as he lived,
ut after his death it passed into other hands,
and I seized the first opportunity which
offered of purchasing it. The deer had all
disappeared from this locality before I got
the rifle, but the possession of a weapon
of such quality and fine workmanship has
afforded me much pleasure and satisfaction.

The rifle is 4 feet in length over all, and
weighs exactly 10 pounds. It balances 1
inch back of the fore-end tip. The heavy
barrel is 32 inches long, octagonal except for
an inch at the muzzle where it is neatly
rounded down to admit of the use of a ‘‘false
muzzle’ and bullet-starter. On the under
side the forging is neatly tapered down into
a sort of deep rib-which carries the two fer-
rules which keep the brass-tipped hickory
ramrod. The octagonal angles are chambered
with a rounded bead at the bottom of each
channel. The flat surfaces project slightly
over the grooves, forming on the top face
a seat for sight bases with dove-tailed grip
which may be shifted as desired. The front
sight is a “globe” or hooded ‘‘pinhead,”
the rear barrel sight is practically the same
as the present-day “‘factory’’ sporting rear
sight. “The breech block which engages the
lug-hook at the end of the barrel forms a
sort of extension 3 inches back on which
was mounted a peep sight.

The caliber is about .40, with a smaller
powder-chamber, the breech being of the
“patent” type. The muzzle is slightly fun-
neled by the tapering down of the lands.
There are 8 grooves of about the same width
as the intervening lands. The twist is right-
handed, about 1 turn in 48 inches, a “‘lead”’
which many of the old-time gunsmiths used
in all the rifles they made, whatever the
caliber.

The lock is of the regular percussion type
and of the best grade. The trigger is single,
nearly straight, with a _ ball-headed screw
close behind it for regulating the trigger-
pull. A key-pin inserted in one of the four
holes in the ball-head will give the screw a
quarter-turn at a time. The trigger-guard is
broad, with a finger-grip spur behind it and
a curving loop down the slender grip which
gives a pistol-grip effect.

The stock is of beautifully figured Can-
adian black walnut, finely carved and pol-
ished. The fore-end and butt-stock are in
one piece, 28 inches in length. The grip
is finely hand-checked, but the fore-end
is not, its inch-long silver tip and the two
oval silver loop-bolt escutcheons on each
side being its only decoration apart from
the fine finish of the fine wood. A silver
scroll-plate on the left side forms an escutch-
eon for the lock screw, and there is a silver
shield on the top of the grip. The butt is

elaborately carved to form a_ cheek-piece
on each side. Set in each cheek-piece is
an oval silver plate in which is inlaid a small-
er gold oval name-plate. That on the right
side bears the name of the original owner,
D. M. Askin; the one on the left side the name
of the present owner, C. Wheeler. The
butt-plate is steel, deeply incurved like the
Swiss type of butt. It extends along the
top and bottom of the butt for 3 and 4 inch-
es. These tips are engraved and ornamented
with inlaid gold tracings of ornamental de-
sign.

The drop of stock is continuous, 134 inch-
es at the comb of the butt, and 334 inches
at the heel. The trigger-reach is 1234 inches.

The barrel is ornamented with 3 bands
of inlaid gold around the breech, and a con-
ventional design on the breech block. A
narrow gold plate inset 3 inches in front of
the breech bears the name of the maker,
Philo Soper.

The accessories consist of a double mold
which casts round and conical bullets, a
“false muzzle’? and wooden bullet-starter or
plunger, and a steel bullet-swage, all of ex-
ceptionally fine and accurate workmanship,
forming with the rifle itself, a complete out-
fit which is an interesting exhibit of the best
work of a master-craftsman.

Yours truly,

Chatham, Ont. Caleb Wheeler.
Appreciates Mr. Haines’ Contributions on
the Subject of the Old Frontier Weapons.

Editor Guns and Ammunition: Rod and
Gun is to be congratulated and Mr. Ashley
Haines honored by all true sportsmen for
their valuable services in placing on record
such a fine description of those grand old
arms whieh in their day marked the high
tide of firearm excellence and _ efficiency.
Mr. Haines may use a buckshot gun on deer
after this if he likes, and I will never say a
word. In the main, he bears out my con-
tention:—that those old-time rifles brought
home the bacon. I have told you that I
have known men get their full share of deer
with old lunks of rifles that you ‘would not
take as a gift.

Mr. Haines’ remark about the Pacific
Ballard reminded me about an idea which
obtruded itself while I was trying to describe
Mr. Caleb Wheeler’s “‘last-word-in-muzzle-
loaders” some time ago. .It was:—this rifle
is the fore-runner of the .38-55 Ballard.
Leave barrel and stock as they are, and cut
the breech, put in a breech-block and action,
and you have a Ballard.

Yours truly,

Chatham, Ont. “*Mossback.”’

.
a

—-

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

Test the Ross .280
By Its Performance

Hundreds of hunters and guides
using the Ross .280 against the
most formidable American game
have put it through most searching
tests. All our claims for this rifle
are borne out in its performance.
The Ross .280 record for extra-
ordinary shooting under difficult
circumstances, and for reliability,
accuracy and power under all
conditions is absolute proof of
its value.

pega onde:
RS ( etic SOS

The Ross -303 SEeress Models are only slightly less powerful than the .280. Many of the
most experienced guides and sportsmen prefer this rifle on account of its lower price and
easily obtained ammunition.

The Ross .22 Cadet Rifle is sturdy and accurate, useful for target practice and hunting
small game, and uses the inexpensive .22 short, long or long rifle ammunition. Sells for $12

AT BEST DEALERS EVER YWHERE

ROSS RIPPER COL. =~ = QUEBEC

305

WHAT IS A SPORTSMAN?

J. S. Hicks

HAT is a sportsman? Will some one
W please give us aclear and authoritative

definition of the word, or a plain de-
scription of the man to whom it should be
applied. Wherein does he differ from the
common run of humanity who love to shoot
and fish? -Should we recognize him’ by
his clothes, or his equipment, the size of his
bank account, or the brand of whiskey he
carries?

Time was when I thought I knew the
answer to all these questions, and in my
simple way believed myself to be a sports-
man. But experience and a too wide ac-
quaintance with the pages of our out-doors
literature have shaken this belief.

As a boy and way back in the seventies
and early eighties the term was associated
in my mind with a person of the M. Stein
Smit type, who wore queer clothes, was
attended bv a retinue of suides and flunkies,
and who always smelled strongly of cigars
and Scotch whiskey. Frankly I cannot say
that this person excited any enthusiastic
feeling of emulation in my boyish breast.

Later becoming acquainted with the writ-
ings of Edwin Sandys I learned that
a sportsman was a very superior sort of per-
son, who despised market hunters, never
shot his birds sitting, and who took his sport
with a copious admixture of ozone and the
beauties of nature, (a sort of sublimated
Scotch and soda, one might call it). Since
then I have met many who laid claim to the
title and some who did it honor, but taken
by and large I cannot see that they differed
materially from the rest of us who go afishing
or ahunting for fun, and incidentally an
egreeable addition to our bill of fare. But
if it is difficult to distinguish the sportsman
from the common or garden variety of
hunter in the woods, in print I find him still
more confusing. Of an evening I take up
my ‘Rod and Gun’ or some other publica-
tion, and turning its pages, I find the story
of a deer hunt with hounds. It’s all there,
just as I have seen it in the far-off days of
my youth.

A still morning with a tang of frost in
the air, the autumnal coloring of the woods,
and the placid lake—a mirror beneath the
hazy October sky.

Then comes the first faint music of the
hounds, now swelling, now dying away, but
at last bursting into an uproaring clamor
as they top the ridge, a crash in the thicket,
and a deer bounds into the old logging road.
I draw a deep breath. This is the real thing.
Then when the hunter has despatched his
game, and bled it carefully, he climbs to
a higher moral plane and denounces in burn-
ing language the unsportsmanlike methods
of the still-hunter. My guilty soul shrivels
and shrinks within its shell, and as he de-
scribes with unconscious humor how the
still-hunter, like a cowardly assassin, creeps
up behind the unsuspecting deer and shoots

it in the back. I resolve that if kind heaven
will pardon the deeds committed in the
days of my moral darkness, never, never
again will I be guilty of such unsportsman-
like conduct.

Again turning the leaves of my magazine,
I come to another deer hunt, this time by a
still-hunter. Still under the spell of the
October morning, the hounds and the hunter’s
peroration, I am tempted to pass it by as un-
worthy of notice, but curiosity stays my
hand. I must see what this poor misguided
son of darkness has to say for himself, and
believe me he has aplenty. He does himself
full justice and then some.

It’s an ideal morning for a hunt, with
three or four inches of snow, a suggestion
of more in the air, and the wind moaning
fitfully in the tree tops. The hunter tells
it all—striking the track, the bit of bad
luck that caused him to jump his game
from behind a windfall, with only fleeting
glimpses in the timber; but this is no blunder-
ing foot. He holds his fire, and circling
to leeward, works carefully up wind along
the crest of the next ridge. Ah! there he
is, like a gray shadow lurking in that clump
of young timber. Then a deliberately steady
aim, the sharp smack of the rifle, and the
deer disappears flag down with that peculiar
hurried gait that tells its own story. And
now, having watched each man kill his
game in a clean and businesslike manner,
I am weakly wondering whether something
may not:be said for both methods. When
the hunter, straightening from his task,
proceeds to state his opinion of the lazy
unsportsmanlike creature who hounds a deer,
and take it from your Uncle Fuller, what
he does to that poor dog man is a sin and
ashame. Again I ask, what is a sportsman?

Of late years I have seen frequent men-
tion of the “modern and up-to-date sports-
man.” This term appears to have a dis-
tinctive meaning, like the New Woman,

‘and Hennessy’s XXX. For a long time

I was in doubt as to just what it was intended
to convey, but lately I believe I have seen
a light. A short time ago while looking
through a certain magazine which prides itself
on its up to dateness, I found the picture
of a young man, a very good looking young
man I may say, who carried himself with
an air of assurance and conscious merit, that
dwarfed to insignificance the six point buck
that hung beside him.

One hand rested lightly on the hilt of
his hunting knife, the other grasped the
barrel of a modern repeater, and around his -
waist was a bell, loaded to the last loop with
cartridges.—thirty I believe I counted. How
many more were concealed about his person
I am unable to say, but it’s a safe bet that
a youth of his type would never be caught
in the woods with less than six in his gun.
Can this, thought I sadly, be the modern
and up-to-date sportsman, and I registered

¢06

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 307

When There Is Game
Enough For All

The day is coming when there will
be as much wild game in this country
as there was fifty yearsago. Men now
living can remember the time when
the sky was darkened by the flight of
wild ducks, when wild turkeys, quail,
grouse and other game birds abounded
in our woods and fields. It does not
take a great effort of imagination to
picture what a return of these condi-
tions will mean—not only tothe sportsman butalso
to the farmer, the housewife and the market man.

Game farming is the medium through which the change
will be brought about. By the establishment of game farms
throughout the country it will be possible not only to meet
the present active demand for game birds (now far larger
than the supply) but also the increased demand which
will come.

‘ Game breeding is both profitable and pleasant. Any one
having a small amount of land may start a game farm and
raise birds for his own consumption and for sporting and
marketing purposes.

If these possibilities appeal to you, or if you are interested °
from any standpoint in the increase of our game birds, write
us for the book, ““Game Farming for Profit and Pleasure’’.
This book, which is sent without cost to those who ask fer
it, takes up the subject in a broad way and gives much
interesting and valuable information regarding many different
game birds, their habits, food, enemies, and the methods for
breeding and marketing them.

In writing for your copy please use the coupon below.

< Aa Game Breeding Department, Room 283

‘HERCULES POWDER Co.

Wilmington, Delaware

Manufacturers of Explosives; Infallible and “‘E. C.’? Smokeless Shotgun Powders;
L.&R. Orange Extra Black Sporting Powders; Dynamite for Farming

Game Breeding Dept., Room +83 _
Hercules Powder Company, Wilmington, Del.
Gentlemen:—Please send me a copy of “Game Farming for Profit and Pleasure”. I am interested in game

paomibire (rei (eS etre lrerie(e ef ee see ececes =

308

a vow that should he, or anyone resembling
him, ever appear in my neck of the woods
I would have immediate and urgent busi-
ress elsewhere. :

But worse was yet to come. In_ order
that my feelings may be appreciated, let me
sive a brief sketch of the men amongst whom
I spent my boyhood. Thorough woodsmen
for the most part, with no high ‘falutin’ no-
tions of sportsmanship, to them a _ sports-
man was no mystery, but a dad busted city
galoot, who lost himself a hundred yards
from camp, and was always safest when
disconnected with his fire arms. Their open
season commenced when the deer were in
‘The Red, and ended whea the horns fell,
but one rule they did observe—an unwritten
law which forbade the killing of any game
animal that could not be put to use. So
strongly was this rule impressed upon me
that I have always regarded it as a_ basic
principle of sportsmanship, as I believe it
to be an essential part of common human
decency. That there were men who dis-
regarded it, I knew, but that any sportsman
would openly countenance such a practise,
was incredible to me until recently. Briefly,
the matter to which I refer is a letter written
in defence of the high velocity arms. Reply-
ing to the objection that the H. V. destroyed
a large proportion of the meat, the writer
stated that. it was of no consequence, as
it was the trophy the sportsman wanted,
not the meat. I sincerely hope that he
did not mean all that his words would imply.
Possibly in his eagerness to defend his new
toy, he used the first argument that came
to hand for followed to its logical conclu-
sion, his argument means that the sports-
man may take the head and leave the carcass
to rot, or should the head not please him he
may leave it as it fell. E

If this is sportsmanship, my query is
easily answered. A sportsman is a reversion
to his head-hunting ancestors. But. there
are other things which make the thinking
man question the sincerity of all this talk
about the ethics of sport.

Sportsmen loaded with ammunition, though
the law allows them only one or two animals,
automatic firearms ay! repeaters too, and
worst of all, those sickening tragedies which
never appear in print. When the hunter,
forgetting all his high moral pretensions,
runs amuck with his magazine fire, in a
band of blacktail, caribou, goat or sheep,
and fills what he is pleased to call ‘God’s
silent places’ with the moans and gasps of
torn and mangled animals, one such _ ex-
perience should be sufficient to convince
any man that ethics and rapid fire arms
co not go well together. r

Speaking of the repeater, the good people
of Canada will some day awaken to a realiza-
tion of the part it is playing in the hands
of the Indian.

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

Adjacent to this place (Hazelten, B.C.)
is a territory some thousands of square miles
in area, which at one time was well stocked
with caribou. To-day, though all horns
may be found everywhere, only a few scatter-
ed animals (probably stragglers from out-
lying districts) remain. Within recent times
sheep existed on one isolated group of moun-
tains. They too are gone, and goats are
very, very scarce. The whites have had no
part in this. I venture to say that all the
animals of those species killed by whites with-
in the territory mentioned, would not bear
the ratio of one to two.

Some years ago a report was circulated
in the Ootsa country that an Indian had
killed some seventy caribou, during one
season in-the Archer mountains. This was
told me by Indians and may have been
exaggerated, but if anyone doubts the slaugh-
tering propensities of our red brother, let
him read Ogilvy’s: “‘Report on the Yukon,”
and then reflect on the probable result of
placing a modern repeater in the hands of
a ruthless savage. It is claimed by more or
less interested parties that the Indian has
an inherent right to kill game regardless
of the law. Whatever may be said for or
against this view, it is certain that he has
no inherent right to the unrestricted use of
modern firearms, and if some means are
not found to restrain him—and that quickly—
the. wild life of northern Canada will be
drained long before civilization has reached
its limits.

As I have already intimated, I believe
the repeating rifle is altogether too destruc-
tive as a hunting arm, particularly in the
hands of thoughtless and excitable youth.
Thirty years’ experience in the use of the
rifle on game, ranging from red deer to
grizzlies, has convinced me that in the hands
of a cool and careful hunter, a single shot
rifle would be quite’ as effective, and much
safer than the repeater, that its use would
discourage reckless shooting and teach the
young hunter self-control, whereas the re~
peater has an opposite tendency, and that
the man who cannot control himself in
the presence of game is a menace to his fel-
lows, and should be banished from thé woods.

I find that I have wandered away from
my inquiry as to the character, and dis-
tinguishing features of a ‘sportsman,’ but after
all, may not any man with the instincts of
a gentleman, who loves the woods, the waters,
and the wild creatures therein, be called a
sportsman?. I think so.

But for the honor of sportsmanship, let
him at least leave that ridiculous load of
cartridges in camp. Many harsh things
have been said of the market hunter, but
admitting the worst, he has no reason to
hang his head in the presence of one wha
goes so manifestly prepared to slaughter.

Se

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 309

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THINGS THAT CRAWL USED FOR
FOOD

DEAS of diet, like those of modesty,
: appear to be largely a matter of geogra-

phy. Folks who eat ’possum and rac-
coon, which, in some sec tions of this country,
are held to be ‘‘pretty good eating,’’ would
probably shudder at the idea of sampling
woodchuck, says the Los Angeles Times.
Yet we are assured by good authority that
woodchuck is ‘‘good,’’ that the animal is far
more cleanly in its habits and diet than the
creatures named, and that it is far better food
than the ’possum or the ’coon.

Perhaps few persons are aware that musk-
rats are fit to eat, and probably not one per-
son in a thousand knows that skunks are

eaten, yet, properly prepared, both these
animals furnish excellent dishes, so the ex-
perts aver

While pork i is an important article of food
with Anglo-Saxon and Teutonic peoples,
there are millions of people—whole races of
people, in fact—who regard it as absolutely
unfit for human consumption. Our Indians
eat many things that the white man shuns,
among them being snakes, lizards and grass-
hoppers.

lt appears that snake-is-not at all bad, once
one overcomes his natural prejudice, and that
lizards are eaten in many countries. More-
over, grasshoppers furnish a fine soup, being
besides, excellent when fried or roasted.
Certain Indians dry them and grind them into
flour.

One of the great food delicacies of Japan
is sashimi,a filet of raw fish served with soy
and condiments. This dish, though highly
recommended by both Japanese and European
medical authorities, is pronounced queer or
uncivilized by those not born to the custom
of eating it.

Many Eat Seaweed.

When these critics are reminded, however,
of their eating live oysters with gusto, it
occurs to them that the one is at least more
artistic in appearance than the other, al-
though both may be equally palapable and
nutritious.

To those who think it strange that the
Japanese should employ certain seaweeds
as an article of diet, it may be pointed out
that the fishermen along the Devonshire
coast in England are accustomed to eat laver,
an edible seaweed.

Ferns, burdock roots, lily bulbs, lotus roots
and bamboo sprouts are among the Japanese
vegetables not enjoyed by Occidental peoples,
while the chrysalis of the silkworm, rice lo-
custs, the octopus, whales and sea-slugs,
eaten in some parts of China and Japan, are
sure to shock Western sensibilities. And yet
the most civilized epicures relish snails and
frogs’ legs, which are just as odd in their way
as those varieties of animals mentioned above.
Shark’s fin soup, edible bird’s nest and lime-
cured eggs are far-famed Chinese luxuries,
the last item of which !s’equal to the strongest

animated cheese in its power over the ol-
factory nerves.

Crickets are dried and ground into meal
by various Bees and used to a large extent
as food. moan Islanders are very fond
of a species of marine worm which appears
periodically in their waters.

Crabs, shrimps, seashells, in fact, nearly
every marine creature, is edible, while the
gigantic holethurians, or sea-cuicumbers, so
abundant in many tropical seas, are con-
sidered a great delicacy by many races, and
the industry of gathering, drying and shipping
these is very important in Malaysian and |
Australian waters.

Dried and prepared for market, these
creatures are known as beche-de-mer, and
fetch a good price in the Japanese, Chinese
Greek and Southern. European markets.
The octopus, or devil-fish, is also eaten, ex-
tensively in China, Japan, Greece and the
West Indies, and when this repulsive-looking
creature is pounded into a pulp and made into
soup it is, it is claimed, excellent.

Lizards Like Chicken.

In the West Indies the natives are very
fond of the great tree lizards known as
iguanas. These often attain a lensth of
five or six feet, and the meat is white. tender
and much like chicken in flavor. In those
islands also flourishes a “‘land frog’’ esteemed
to be a great delicacy by natives and Euro-
peans alike. These big tropical frogs are
eaten whole, and are either fried, broiled or
stewed, tasting so much like chicken or quail
that they are commonly called “‘mountain
chicken”? when served on hotel tables.

Just as the French and Italians hold snails
and slugs as dainties of the first order, so do
natives of South-western Europe esteem
pickled earthworms.

In New Zealand there occurs a grub which
lives in the earth and which is often affected
by a fungus growth that springs from its neck
and pushes upward to the surface of the earth.
These worm-grown mushrooms are gathered
and eaten, and are said to be very delicious
when properly cooked.

In Africa and South America baked monkey
is a delicacy. -Armadillos baked in their own
shells, whale and porpoise steaks and alligator
tails are all esteemed viands in various quar-
ters, but it is only in a few localities that one
may sample flying-fish cutlets and sea-eggs.

Barbados and the neighboring Antilles
are the headquarters for botn of these de-
licacies and while the former is one of the
finest of edible fish, as much cannot be said of
the latter. The sea-egg is in reality a large
species of sea-urchin, and is used for the table
when filled with roe or immature eggs. They
are mushy, unappetizing objects, and taste
much like sandy soup flavored with fish.

Locusts are to-day eaten in Arabia, pretty
much as they were in Biblical times. For-
eigners, as well as natives, declare that they

310

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

Hungry as a Bear

With the fresh air and woodsy smell whipping
your appetite, you’ll eat in camp as you never ate
athome. Be beforehanded. Take along a box
of Heinz Pure Foods and Relishes.

Heinz 57 Varieties

° Ready cooked, pure, plenty of change, easy to carry.

HEINZ BAKED BEANS—The out-
door man’s constant standby; good
hot or cold; four kinds.

HEINZ SPAGHETTI—Appetizing,
nourishing; ready cooked in a deli-
cious tomato and cheese sauce.

HEINZ CREAM SOUPS—Toma-
to, celery, pea.

HEINZ PEANUT BUTTER—Fine
for sandwiches; satisfying; keeps
sweet.

HEINZ TOMATO KETCHUP—

Gives a relish to all kinds of fare.

Heinz Pickles, Preserves, Prepared
Mustard, Vinegars, Apple Butter,
Olives, etc., etc.

All grocers sell them. Send for list of the 57 Varieties.

H. J. Heinz Company
Pittsburgh, Pa.

All Heinz goods sold in Canada
are made in Canada

312
are really an excellent article of diet. They
are best boiled.

The long, or “hopping” legs must be,
pulled off, and the locust is held by a wing
and dipped into salt before it is eaten. As to
flavor. the insect is said to taste like green
wheat.

The red locust is more palatable than the
green. Some say that the female is red and

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

the male green, but others contend that all are
green at first, whatever the sex.

Locusts must be caught in the morning, for
then they are benumbed by the cold, and their
wings are damp with the dew, so that they
cannot fly. They may be found in Arabia,
clustered in hundreds under the desert bushes,
and they can be literally shovelled into a bag
or basket.

THE FIN, FUR AND FEATHER
TRIBE

HE Fin, Fur and Feather Tribe of St.
George, N.B., was organized last sum-
mer by a number of young men, who

met on the shores of Lake Utopia. The ob-
ject of the society was primarily of a social
nature. The closing of the fishing season
was celebrated by a trout fry on the Lake
Shores, the opening of the hunting season
was greeted with a game supper. On Thanks-
giving a banquet was held in the club house
at the Butter Balls. On this occasion it
was decided that the club should make every
effort possible to preserve these great heri-
tages—the woods to roam, the streams to fish
and the government was petitioned to plant
fry in a number of the back lakes—this they

promised to do and this spring a num-
ber of fry were loosed in several lakes,
including Mill, Dam, Long and Crazy. The

members of the club are anxious to advertise
—‘‘the pleasures of the pathless woods,”
they only wish all might enjoy “‘the rapture
on the lonely shore.” They propose this
year to build a club house on Lake Utopia,
where a cordial welcome will await all who
love the open.

The officers of the club are the following:
Grand Rover, A. D. Frauley ; Little
eRover, Harry Doyle; Royal Pathfinder,
Keeper of the Seal, George Anderson ; Royal
Light Beaver, Joseph McHugh ; Royal Scribe

W. J. Lynott ; Royal Warbler, T. S. Me-
Adam ; Royal Orator. Charles Coutts ; Royal
Paddler, Harold Blundell ; Royal Pioneer,
Wm. Mersereau.

. FRAULEY. GRAND ROVER.

Not a new animal, but a new fish, has
been added to the housekeeper’s ~ bill-of-
fare, new at least as an article of food, says
a writer in the ‘Family Herald.’ It was off
the New England coast that this fish was
first seen in 1879. The tile-fish, for this
is its name. was very abundant, and ex-
amination proved it to be a valuable tood
fish. Several years later it disappeared com-
pletely from the waters where it had been
found. This was found to be due to the
stufting farther off shore of the warm waters

“tober and November.

of the Gulf stream. Ten years later thc
Gulf Stream returned to its former course,
bringing the tilefish with it.

A magazine article on the subject of the
tilefish speaks of a Gloucester fisherman
who had no difficulty in catching several
tons on each of four trips made during Oc-
This fish, the article
says, has met with so much success on the
New York market, where it sells for only
seven cents a pound, that it seems likely
to become one of the most popular cf valuable
sea foods.

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 313

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with full information and prices.

ATLANTIC SEALS NEED PROTECTION
METHODS SUGGESTED TO CONSERVE THE HERDS
NOW VANISHING

HE highly successful result of the New-

foundland seal fishery the present year,

with the smallest and least effective
fleet on record, only twelve ships (and all
but one of these small and low-powered ves-
sels, for the big boats were sold to Russia as
ice-breakers), bringing in one of the largest
catches on record, with virtually every ship
being laden to her fullest capacity and thou-
sands of seals slaughtered which were lost
through inability of the crews to take them
aboard, raises anew the question of the future
of this industry, admittedly declining for
years past ; while the argument for restric-
tive measures is doubly emphasized by the
report of the United States Congress in Aug-
ust, 1913, indicating serious depletion of
the Alaskan seal herds and impressing the
urgent need for-a close season for five vears.
This report showed that the Pacific seal
herd lost four-fifths of its breeding strength
in the last fifteen years. A census gave only
1,400 old bulls, 150 young bulls, 80,000 cows,
and 70,000 pups, or 151,550 in all, against
951,550 in 1890, and 3,028,000 in 1874. To
the record of 1913 was added an estimate of
30,000 yearlings, 6,000 two-year-olds, 3,000
three-year-olds, and 400 four-year-olds, but
even this means only a fragment of the great
herds that once coursed the open Pacitic,
returning with strange persistence to their
northern breeding grounds ; and multiply-
ing so rapidly that it seemed unbelievable
they could ever be exterminated. But they
met the fate, in comparatively brief time,
of the buffalo in America, the elephant in
Asia, and Africa, the right whale in the Arc-
tics, and countless other wild creatures on
land and sea in every clime and age.

Comparative Values.

The Alaskan seal, as is well known, is
valued chiefly for its skin converted into
the costly and handsome Winter coats for
ladies of quality. The Terranovan (Nfld:),
on the other hand, has coarse-grained skin,
with long rough hair, and is only used for
making leather of various kinds. Hence,
while the skin of an Alaskan seal fetches
about $25, that of a Terranovan seal is worth
not more than $2, though with the latter
the fat, which adheres to the skin is also
taken and, being sheared off when the vessels
enter port, is ‘“‘rendered’’ by steam heat into
oil, being used in lighthouses, in making
soaps, and as a substitute for olive oil.

_ Another distinction between the seals from
the two oceans is that while the Pacific seal
makes its home on the rocky islets of the
Alaskan seas, and its young are born there,
the Atlantic seal uses the ice-floe as its habi-
tat, and brings forth its young thereon in
March of each year. Among these ice-floes
the Terranovan sealing steamers cruise in
quest of their prey, and during the six weeks
the industry lasts their average annual kill
is nearly twice the total of the seals now

remaining alive in the Pacific. Because,
however, of the difference in their habitats,
it is not possible to make any accurate com-
putation of the totals, and hence there is
much difference of opinion in Newfoundland
as to the extent of the reduction of the herds
in recent years and the methods to be pur-
sued in conserving the industry henceforth.
The Newfoundland Seals.

The Newfoundland seals are of two kinds
—the Phoca Greenlandica, locally known
as “hoods,” because of a cowl-like appendage
at the back of their necks, which they inflate
when angry ; and the Cystophora Cristata,
termed “‘harps’” from the semblance to a
lyre which a series of markings on the backs
of the adults presents. Comparatively little
is known of the natural history of either
species. The hoods, it is believed, cross
from the southern point of Greenland to
meet the southbound icepack each Autumn.
Both species would seem to spend the Sum-
mer and Autumn in Arctic or Subarctic
waters—the hoods off East Green-
land and the harps in Baffin Bay. They
begin their southern pilgrimage as the ice ©
starts to form and come south with it past
the Labrador coast line to Belle Isle Strait,
where some of the herds make their way
in through this channel to the Gulf of St.
Lawrence, while the others continue along
the Newfoundland seaboard to the Grand
Banks. Here they are met, on the “Front”
and in the “Gulf,” by the crews of the seal-
ships, who, armed with stout iron-shod clubs,
range the floes daily, traveling some miles
from their steamers in every direction, and
killing the young seal where they can find
them, by-shattering their skulls with a blow
of their weighty implements, and then dis-
embowelling them, removing the “‘pelt”’ (skin
and adhering fat) from the carcass and drag-
ging the pelts to the ship or piling them in
huge heaps on suitable “‘pans’’ of ice, to be
picked up by the ships as these follow in
their wake. Such seals as escape go south
with the floes, and early in April take to the
water—for the young seals curiously enough
cannot swim at birth, and have to be taught
by the parents. After the ice is all melted
the seals of all ages go north again, where
they spend the Summer and Autumn, when
their annual routine is resumed.

Decline in Catch.

The Bed!amer seals rate in value thus :
‘““White coats’? or young harps, young hoods,
bedlamer (half-grown) harps, bedlamer hoods,
old harps; old hoods. The term ‘“‘white-
coat” is given to the young seals because
at birth they are covered with a creamy fur
which makes them almost undistinguishable
from the ice on which they rest ; while the
name “‘badlamer’’ is supposed to be a corrup-
tion of the term “‘badiner de la mere” or
play boy of the sea, appliea to the pinniped
by the French who settled in North New-

314

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 315

HE boys at the fac-
tory took the first
Hatch One-Button

Union Suits we turned
out. They knew what
ten buttons meant in the.
early a.m. when they had
to punch the time clock.
They say some genius
should invent a one-
button vest too. The
new Hatch One-Button
Union Suit is made in
true Zimmerknit quality.
That makes it complete.
The button is in front.

Your dealer keeps the
Zimmerknit Lines.

They say if the buttons
were not so conveniently
placed in front it would
cost more.

Hatch One-Button
Union Suits are made
in Zimmerknit quality.
That makes a pretty

¢ good combination.

At camp’ you like to
dress in a hurry. The
One-Button Hatch may
mean an extra fish.

Z\IMMERKNIT

ZIMMERMAN MANUF ACTURING CO., Limited
HAMILTON 2 CANADA

aR

316

foundland and along the Labrador coast
two centuries ago, and who speedily dis-
covered how fond of music the seal is, a
fact that the modern circus manager has
turned to practical account. The young
harps, of course, are the great pure: because
their skins are so soft and pliable, and they
are so generously clad with fat of rich quality,
that both products reach the highest value.
The young hoods are but little inferior to
them, and are nearly as eagerly sought, but
when neither can be secured ‘the ships are
very glad to fill up with bedlamers and “‘old-
sters.”’ Half a century ago the annual take
of seals ran from 500,000 to 600,000, but
subsequently there came a rapid and very
decided decline until nowadays a catch of
300,000 seals annually is exceptional. It
has been the habit here to ascribe this very
large decline to the use of steamers in the
seal fishery since then, as against “‘sailers”’
previously, but recently it has been snown
that in thirteen of the years between 1830
and 1863, when the above enormous aver-
ages of seals per annum were shown, there
was a very large proportion of old seals kill-
ed, about 150,000 of which would be brought
in each year and probably another 50,000
lost annually, so that this vast destruetion
oi the breeding seals manifested itself very
markedly ere long in striking reductions in
the total quantity. Further proof of this
is found in the fact that in the nine years be-
tween 1857 and 1866 (the latter being Just
fifty years ago), the ‘sail’ fleet engaged
in this dustry declined 230 vessels, a fact
certainly due to other causes besides the
bringing in of steamers, as during the nine
years there were for most of the time no
steamers at all emploved, the first steam
sealer not operating till 1863, and the total
number o: seals taken by steamers up to
and including 1866 being only 24,000 alto-
gether, or not more than tws shiploads of
the type of steamer engaged at the time in
the industry. These ships were like the old
style whaler described by Dana and Bullen,
depending partly on their sail power, and
using engines of slight prepelling energy as
auxiliaries.
Last Season’s Disasters.

Detailed iigures of the composition of
the annual seal catch are not available for
a period further hack than 1889, but the
following. figures show the catch of young
harps in three-year periods for the past fif-
teen years, excluding the season of 1914,
which may be set aside because of the utier-
ly abnormal conditions prevailing through
the steamer Newfoundland losing 79 of her
men, and having 50 others disabled, by a
Midwinter blizzard, this rendering her in-
capable of continuing the fishery: the steamer
Bonaventure having to abandon her cruise
in order to bring back the dead and suffer-
ing ; others of the fleet having their opera-
tions paralyzed as a result of this disaster ;
and, finally, because the steamer Southern
Cross, from the Gulf, with a full load, sank
with her whole crew and the make-up of her
catch is not ascertainable. The harps. it
may be explained, form about 75 per cent.
of the total herds and are therefore the main-
stay of the industry, and the subjoined fig-

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

ures indicate how their diminution tends
to jeopardize the future of the industry :—
On the ‘'Front.”
Catch of young harps in 3-year periods
for the past 15 years:—

1899 to 1901, inclusive......................., 762,567
1902 to 1904>-inclusiveé:®..¢..455.5.08e8 727,080
1905 to: 1907, ‘inclusive:..:).;. eee 618,692
1908 to 1910, inclusive........ ...::...2:-<. 593.574
1911 to 1913; mnchisivé<. J. 52. eee 492.608

These figures show a steadily declining
In the ‘‘Gulf.”’
Catch of young harps in 3-year periods
for the past 15 years:—

1899 to 1901, inclusive:*. *)..2ee 76,673
1902-to ‘1904, inclusive: Se 40,437
1905 to 1907; inclusive s7 ee 50,255
1908 to 1910, inclusive... 121,892
1911 to 1913, inclusive......... 124,278

years.

’ There can hardly be a question, in the
face of these figures, but that the herds
of harps on the Front are being rapidly
and surely swept out of existence, while
for some reason, the herds in the Gulf have
considerably increased. Heretofore the prac-
tice has been to employ the smaller and
less powerful ships in the latter branch of
the industry, but within the past few years
stronger vessels have been so employed and
they have doubtless aided in swelling the
total. At the same time, however, it is a
debatable question if this policy is not re-
sulting in a repetition in the Gulf of the
very conditions that brought about the
previous decline in the industry on the Front.
But the outstanding fact with regard to
both sealing areas would seem to be that
the young seals are assured of ample pro-
tection and opportunilies for maturing and
reproducing under the conditions practised
in the industry Just now.

Need for Protection.

Further examination of the figures shows
that the need for reform in the seal fishery
is in the direction of protecting the bedlamer
and old seals. The figures for the past
nice years show that there were 61,500 old
harps brought in from the front, against
43,500 in the previous nine years, while
from the Gulf 18,000 old harps were brought
in for the past nine years, against 8,000
in the previous nine. These statistics prove
clearly that the catch of old seals has in-
creased in recent years, and the same is true
of the bed'amers. The data of these are
not kept as accurately as might be, but the
figures for old harps and bedlamers during
the past five years show that on the Front
the take was much higher than for the pre-
vious six years, while from the Gulf six times
as many bedlamers and old harps together
were brought back the past five years as
were brought in the previous eight years.
These figures are as follows:—

On the ‘‘Front.”

Old Harps—

Brought in for the past five years

(1909: to 1913 inclusive)o. ss 4
Brought in for the previous eight

years (1901 to 1908 inclusive) .......... 41,434

There were more old harps killed during

ROD AND- GUN IN CANADA o17

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318 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

the past five years than in the previous
e ght.

Old Harps and Bedlamers—
Taken together, five years (1909 to

1913 inclusive)... Pay: 95,307
For the previous six years (1903 to
PMs AVIGLUSEVE sc aks bev cssccb bees acd ctoe ade 90,908

There were, thus, more old harps and
bedlamers combined killed during the past
five years than in the previous six.

In the ‘‘Gulf.”

Old Harps— :
Brought in for last five years (1909

LO; 1913: inclusive)... c.ccc0aceso eee 17,289
For the previous eight years (1901

to) 1908 ‘inclusive))s..2324:.1..25- eee 1,878

Old Harps and Bedlamers, taken together—
Last five years (1909 to 1913 in-

GIUSIVEG)/o:0c kad ev eee ee ee DD
Previous eight years (1901 to 1908
inclusive) 3,862

The catch both of old harps and bedlam-
ers has been many times greater in the past
five years than in the previous eight years.

Some of the most experienced sealing
steamers estimate that in 1913, when there
were 235,000 young harps brought in, some
50,000 more escaped on the Front, and 15,-
000 in the Gulf. Consequently there had
been in all 300,000 young seals born that
year, whose parents would, of course, total
600,000 more, and, in addition, it is estimat-
ed that there-were 500,000 bedlamers. This
would show a total of 1,400,000, of which
1,000,000 would be old and bedlamers. While
these figures are, of course, largely conjec-
tural, there is, with the information at pres-
ent available, no reason to doubt they form
a fairly close approximation. Certainly it
seems that there are at least 600,000 male
and female harps of breeding age, and this
probably is much below the mark. For
ten years past the total catch has averaged
280,000, and as this has been maintained
to the present the killing of late years, at
any rate, has not served to reduce the num-
bers of mature seals very seriously, though
some allowance must be made for the fact
that with the big ships now used “lean”
years in this industry are virtually unknown.

Period of Maturity.

There is much dispute as to when a bed-
lamer reaches maturity. Some think it does
this in its third year, others in its fourth,
and still others in its fifth year, which many
incline, in view of the figures, to consider
the most probable. In any case, if there is*
an escape of 150,000 young seals each year,
and if a seal’s reproductive period is seven
years, and it is probably more ; then if we
add to the herd by way of replenishment
an average escape of 150,000 young, there
is ample provision, so far as the young seals
are concerned, for the maintenance and in-
crease of herds, always provided that too
many old and bedlamers are not killed off.

What applies to harps in this connection
applies equally to hoods, the proportions
of each species being similar in regard to
the relative percentages of the total, and,
accordingly, the suggestions for reform are :

Suggested Reforms.

(1) That the bedlamer and old seal should
be protected (a) by prohibiting the use of
guns at all at the seal hunt with which these
classes of seals are killed, and (b) by stopping
the killing of all seals at an earlier date than
at present.

(2) That the crews of the ships be re-
duced somewhat, so that thereby the vessels
might not have such heavy slaughter of
the young seals, there being a case on rec-
ord where one steamer some years ago brought
in almost 50,000 pelts.

(3) That the employment in this indus-
try of large ships of the dimensions of old-
time Atlantic liners (for some of the latest
sealers approach 4,000 tons gross) be pro-
hibited.

(4) That measures be taken to encour-
age the building of ships of modern size,
which could be employed, for the rest of
the year, in connection with the fisheries
of the country, so that they might be assur-
ed of fairly remunerative earnings.

(5) That the killing: of any hoods be
prohibited for the next three years.

LOON LAKE
Sara Stafford

Away on the waves of the sun kissed Loon,
There’s a magic path made by sun and moon,
Where a fairy dwells in deep disguise,
Who can never be seen by idle eyes.

Away in the sky near the noon-day sun
The cloud children play and call us to come,
But we answer back that we cannot go,
For our friends down here, they love us so.

Away on the mountain when night shades
creep

This fairy comes out and her name is Sleep,

With her magic wand she seals every eye.

Ard the Wild Loon laughs as she passes by.

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

319

Se

|

|

Fare

"NPORTED moasreD EPACKED» |
|

|

=

In %4,land 2 pound cans. |
Whole— ground—pulverized—
also Fine Ground for Perco-

lators. 167

J} <L SAMAOM SSACAIALRLOLAE RUCR 0 SS Ao CRR)ACPBL 4 P4171 TCR, D7 PAR. RACY LET WH CAC) PLATE RTO CDA NL FLA ACA) NRA SS TOT IMSS LCDR TCH OA SIL

a

T An An Angry
Bull Moose

Ferociously Charged

Theodore Roosevelt

near Quebec,last hunting season.

How the Colonel killed the
Bull in self defence, after having
previously obtained his legal
limit of Moose, is told by him in
the February 1916 “Scribner’’,
and by sworn affidavit atiQuebec.

Caribou and Deer

are abundant in parts of Quebec
Province, as well as moose and
bear.

THE BEST TROUT FISHING

in the world is in the Province of Que-
bec, and so are the best Guides both for
fishing and hunting. Read Henry van
Dyke’s description of some of them in
“Little Rivers.”

Would you like to own

A Summer Camp

for your family, by a forest-clad stream
or mountain-surrounded lake?

You can build one of your own, by leas-
ing a fishing and hunting territory from
the Government of “the Province,
whether a resident of it or not, or by
joining one of the many fish and game
clubs.

Write for an illustrated booklet on
“The Fish and Game Clubs of Quebec,”’
which tells you all about them, and ad-
dress all enquiries concerning fishing
and hunting rights, fish and game laws,
guides, etc., to

Hon. Honoré Mercier,

Minister of Colonization,
Mines and Fisheries.

Quebec, Que.

|
|
|
|

yuo a ED Es See

Lae ace

Fishing in the waters of the 1500 lakes
and rivers of Algonquin Park is good and
is likely to remain so. Such gamey species
as small mouthed black bass, speckled trout,
salmon trout and lake trout predominate.
With the annual increase of anglers and
tourists visiting this section the lakes in
close contiguity to the hotels and log cabin
camps are apt to become depleted, one would
naturally suppose, but to avoid any possi-
bility of this the Ontario Government, with
the co-operation of the Grand Trunk Rail-
way, are continually :e-stocking these waters.
They have just forwarded from the Govern-
ment Hatchery in Wiarton, 200,000 lake
trout fry which reache| the Park in good
condition and 60,000 of them were placed
in Smoke Lake, on which is situated the log
cabin camp known as “‘Nominigan Camp,”
and 140,000 placed in Cache Lake, directly
opposite the Highland Inn. The fishing in
the lakes some miles from the hotel, and
reached by innumerable canoe routes, teem
with the gamiest of the finny tribe and the
natural propagation of these fish will keep
these lakes well stocked indefinitely.

“First Aid in Emergencies’ is the title
of a useful little manual by Eldridge L.
Ehason, M.D., recently issued by the J. B.
Lippincott Company of Washington Squure,
Philadelphia. A book of First Aid should
be in every home in the land and Dr. Elia-
son’s book is particularly suited to the use
of sportsmen and worthy of a place in the
pack-sack when taking a trip into the wilds,
or of perusal before taking a trip beyond
the limits of civilization. Many a life has
been saved and many an accident minimized
by the intelligent application of First Aid
methods and this book describes fully and
clearly the various methods to be employed
in cases of accident or sudden illness. The
book is nicely illustrated, clearly printed
on coated stock, cloth bound, of a convenient
size, its marginal index making it possible
for the reader to find the place describing
treatment for a particular accident at a
moment’s notice. Poisons, Drugs, Wounds,
Bleeding, Cold, Sprains, Unconsciousness
and Suffocation are some of the chapter head-
ings. .

A subscriber in Moose Jaw asks if white-
fish can be angled for and what bait is used
for same. In reply to this we would say
that whitefish cannot be taken by angling
as the fish will not take a hook. The only
method of taking this variety of fish is by

nets which in the Provinces of
Alberta and Saskatchewan must be of a
mesh of not less than 51% inches, extens on
measure.

means of

The aggressive educational campaign ot
the Canadian Forestry Association in the
cause of forest conservation has been sup-
plemented by a new issue called “‘“A Matter
ot Opinion.” The booklet is an attractive
one and strikes at the subject of forest guard-
ing from a unique angle. Seven characters
are introduced—Settler, Camper, Banker,
Railway Man. Power Engineer, Fire Rangers
and Tax Payer—each telling his personai
story of the need for living foresis and the
increasing menace of burned and wasted
forests. The booklet makes easy reading and
a mass of information is packed into the
tweniy-four pages. Copies may be had free
by addressing the Association’s office, Booth
Building, Ottawa.

Upland birds that can be shot during
the summer months are good game for the
hunter. There are the various hawks, like
the Cooper or hen-destroying variety, that
feeds. on the young grouse, as well as the
farmer's unguarded flock of early broilers,
which he picks off one by one, despite the
outcries of the mother and the valient screams
of the chanticleer father.

The duck hawk will start after a select-
ed partridge and actually fly it down, as a
dog will run down a hare, never leaving-
it from star: until capture. The great horn-
ed owl also levies a heavy tribute upon roost-
ing birds, often coming to the open poul-
try houses, where it will ruthlessly destroy
several fowls by eating their heads and leav-*
ing the bodies piled up under the roost.
This is also the way that the raccoon serves
the half-grown turkeys roosting on the hay
rack in the big barn about harvest time.

It will tax the rifle skill of any man to
shoot a hawk, for he is very shy and must
be killed at long range, if at all, as he sits on
some dead limb watching for his prey in
the thick grass below. Besides the hawk
and owl, the hunter will find that the crow
will affords lots of sport, if he can surprise
one on some clearing and get a snap shot
at close range, or else do some long range
rifle work on a dozen or so of these birds
sunning themselves on the top of some old
dead tree 100 yards or so distant.

A good way for the visitor and his farm-
er guide to approach a bunch of these black
imps at work pulling up and devouring the

320

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 321

AEGER

For All Outing Purposes .

For comfort and ease of movement Jaeger Pure Wool wear is
specially suitable for outdoor sports.

It offers perfect protection from sudden changes in temperature and can be had
in all weights to suit all seasons.

Be sure and equip yourself with Jaeger Wear for your next
outing to ensure health and comfort.

Underwear in all weights. Sweaters, Cardigans, Jerseys, Blankets,
Rugs, Waistcoats, Hosiery, Golf Stockings, Caps, Mufflers,
Gloves, etc.

A fully illustrated catalogue and Dr. Jaeger’s
Health Culture will be sent free on application to

DR. JAEGE sail Sean Co. timitep

TORONTO ~ MONT REAL - WINNIPEG
Incorporated in England in 1883 with British Capital for the

| TAN British Empire. !

Hit the Trail
of Health

Amid the forests, lakes and
snow-peaked fastnesses of the

Canadian Pacific Rockies

Comfortable, luxurious hotels at BANFF, LAKE LOUISE,
FIELD, GLACIER, BALFOUR. - Ride, drive, play golf,
tennis, canoe on glacier-fed lakes, fish for the gamy
mountain trout.

Reached only by the Canadian Pacific Railway, the world’s greatest trans-
portation system. Everything Canadian Pacific Standard—None better.

Information and booklets from all Canadian Pacific Agents

A. O. SEYMOUR, General Tourist Agent

Canadian Pacific Railway, Montreal, Que.

399

id

young kernels of the latter’s recently plant-
ed corn, is to crawl on hands and knees
through a thick copse of undergrowth and
open up the battery from the leafy mask.
Of course, if the hunters have only shotguns,
they must worm their way farther in, until
the proper range is reached.

The Indians used to capture a young
crow, tie a long fishing line to one leg and
cast the youngster into the open place where
the parent and other crows could see it.
Then they would pull the leg of the crowlet
and make it ery. This would at once bring
the whole flock of its elders to its assistance,
for crows are very sympathetic and are
banded together for self-defense, like most
robbers and thieves.

Any one of the foregoing kinds of -hunt-
ing may be practiced freely by any visitor
to an upland farmhouse, and the more of
these noxious animals and birds he kills,
the better his host will be pleased.

David Gibb of Amherstburg, Ont., and his 1915 trophy.

Mr. Gibb is an old subscriber to Rod and Gun and has

always killed at least one large moose each season for the
ast fifteen years. Last season’s trophy was killed on
evil’s Island, near Sanamandy Lake.

Efforts of the Dominion Government to
propagate reindeer in the Peace River and
the Great Slave Lake district in north-west-
ern Canada, have proved unsuccessful, ac-
cording to a recent report on the subject.
Of the original herd of 50 which ‘were sent
from Labrador in 1911, there is now but
one survivor. The chief difficulty was the
bull flies of the north which drove the rein-
deer frantic in the summer. The result
was that they stampeded through the strong-
est enclosures their keepers could build,
and were lost, or shot by the Indians. Rein-
deer have thrived in Alaska, but apparently
the Peace River country and the Valley of
the Mackenzie were not suitable for them.
Later on efforts may be made to introduce
them in the Yukon, where there seems to

1 Oe ranean ahs? Gites Ghia cencinenenoanh

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

A Canadian hunter tells this incident
of how he once came face to face with his
quarry and hadn’t the heart to fire: “It
was a case of ‘buck fever,’ such as a novice
might experience, for I had been a hunter
oe many years and had killed a good many
deer.

“This was a particularly fine buck that
I had followed for three days. A_ stron
man can run any deer to earth in time, an
at last I had my prey out. From the top
of a hill I sighted him a few miles away.
He had given up the fight and had stretch-
ed himself out in the snow. As I stalked
him he changed his position and took shel-
ter behind a boulder, and, using the same
boulder for a shelter, I came suddenly face
to face with him. He didn’t attempt to
run away, but stood there looking at me with
the most piteous pair of eyes I ever saw.

‘Shot? I could no more have shot him
than I could have shot a child. Had the
chance come from a distance of a hundred
yards I would have shot him down and car-
ried his antlers home in triumph, but once
having looked into those eyes it would have
been nothing less than murder. I have
hunted deer since then but I find the sport
affords me little pleasure. Whenever I
draw a bead the picture of those mute, ap-
pealing eyes comes before me, and though
it has not prevented me from pulling the
trigger, I have always felt glad somehow
when my bullet failed to find its mark.”

As the result of a bird home contest in-
augurated recently in Manitoba, fully 2,000
bird houses were made by the boys attend-
ing manual training classes in Winnipeg.
An exhibition will be held and prizes aes
ed before the houses are placed in the trees
throughout the city. By those familiar with
the strong attraction of such homes for wild
birds, the great value of this unique contest
will be fully appreciated. In addition to
testing the mechanical skill of the boys,
it directs their energies to a splendid prac-
tical purpose, at the same time inevitably
impressing upon them the importance of
protecting and fostering bird life.

A competition of a similar nature is being
inaugurated, following an address on the
subject, by Dr. Gordon Hewitt, Dominion
entomologist, in Ontario.

Mr. Paton, now in charge of the G.T.R.
at, Sutton West, Ont. is an ardent fisher-
man, as well as an experienced railway man.
That he is a joke artist also the following
lines, which appeared in a recent issue of
the Lindsay Evening Post, will serve to show.
They are spoken to a Lindsay man who
makes a hobby of gathering morels and
mushrooms and who is also piscatorially
inclined.

“Hello; is that you Jimmie?
This is Alex. who’s on the phone—
Those nice morels you sent me
Are stewing now at home,
I feel I must reciprocate,
And trust I am in time,
Would you like a fish for dinner?
“T sure would!’’—
‘Then hold the line!”

(Exit Jimmie.)

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

For 8 Subscriptions
To Rod and Gun in Canada

You can secure FREE a splendid
Conklin Fountain Pen.
Get to work at once. Your
friends will enjoy reading ‘the
magazine during 1916 and YOU
will enjoy using the pen. Sample
copies sent on request.

PREMIUM DEPARTMENT
W. J. Taylor, Ltd., Publisher
WOODSTOCK, ONTARIO

MARBLES

Woodcraft Hunting Knife

Q\ The biggest value ever offered ina hunting

knife. Costs you only $1.50, yet has the shape,
¥ weight, quality and desirable features of $2.50
and $3.00 knives. Adapted for sticking, clean-
ing, skinning, slicing, chopping bone, etc.
High-grade steel—bevel blade thick at back,
tapering toa fine point. Handle of laminated
leather. Absolutely guaranteed. Price $1.50
at your dealer’s or direct by mail postpaid
upon receipt of price.

Marble’s Camp Axe No. 10

A handy, reliable axe for hunters, campers,
prospectors, guides and forest rangers.
ried in sheath, easily attached to belt.
blade is forged from solid tool steel. The tem-
pered head, designed for driving stakes, spikes,
| etc., will not become battered even under con-
/ tinuous service. The nail puller has tempered
i jaws. These are features that are exclusive in
i Marble’s tool steel axes.

b Blade, 34x54 in.; weight 28 oz.; Handles 16 or 20 inches.
Mention length of handle desired.

Camp Axe withoutsheath . .... $1.50
CampAxewithsheath....... 2.00

Write for catalog Marble’s 60 Outing
Specialties. Sample Marble’s Nitro-Solvent
Oil free if dealer's name is mentioned.

Marble Arms & Mfg. Co.

581 Delta Ave.
GLADSTONE, MICH., U. S. A.

AND RIFLES

NOW and be ready for the hunting sea-
son—Gun and ammunition factories are
busy with orders for the allies and
sportsmen who delay in ordering are
liable to be disappointed in securing
their supplies, besides these articles are
constantly advancing in price. We can
supply you with all the popular makes
and models of rifles at very close prices.

Fishing Tackle

in endless variety at very reasonable
prices.

H}}

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Gill nets mounted with floats and leads
ready for the water 15 cents per yard.
Give size of mesh desired.

[ae =

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TRAPS

will be higher in the fall. Order now and
save money. We Carry in stock the largest
assortmentzofZanimal traps in Canada

oe eee ae
Acetylene Headlights—Camp Lamps—Flash-
lights—Tents—Canoes and everything for the
camp and trap line at extremely low prices,

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more power less fuel Rite at

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4 Address: Box 55, Rod & Gun, Woodstock, "Ont. j

324

In the East African campaign the British
are fighting lions as well as Germans. Accord-
ing to astory the lions got toa_kraal con-
taining a number of food animals belonging
to a garrison and killed 40 sheep and goats.
Next morning a gun was set, and at seven
-o’clock lions again appeared. The gun was
-heard to go off, and on investigation a full
grown cub was found dead, but there was no
sign of any more animals. Again the gun
was charged, although it was not thought
likely that the lions would venture to return
the same night. They did come back, how-
ever, and this time successfully avoided the
gun and got the remainder of the prey that
they had previously left.

Although the intruders were distinctly
heard by the sentries the night was so dark
and rainy that nothing could be done and once
more they got away. On the following night
a trap having been cut and covered over, a
number of officers watched in the trenches.
Three-quarters of an hour later, a shot, which
sounded like a good hit, rang out, but as noth-
ing happened, the party remained on watch
until after midnight. Next morning a fine
big lioness was found not 30 yards away. It
seems that one of the officers in the trenches
had thought he saw a lion, and fired, where-
upon the animal sprang forward and landed
on the top of the trench itself. Luckily this
was strong, and as nothing more was heard it
was believed in the darkness that the animal
had made off.

Mr. J. M. Sim, the writer of an article on
drought, as it has affected South Africa, gives
a good idea of that country as it was years ago,
before persistent burning of grass and bush
brought about the present state of sterility in
many parts. “The altered condition of things
to-day,” he says, “‘is the greatest example of
slowly oncoming, but nevertheless persistently
sure drought South Africa can produce—it is
even more than that, for it is, considering
its gigantic scale, probably the most rapidly
accomplished change of the same nature in the
world. And what is the cause of it? Certainly
largely, if not entirely, it must be ascribed
to man. The moisture in the ground in any
place is governed by (1) the retaining power
of the ground surface; (2) the amount of
rain precipitated and the method of precipita-
tion. The amount of rain and the way in
which it falls is governed by the temperature
of the soil, which in its turn is governed by the
presence or absence of a suitable mantle of
herbage. Man has destroyed this mantle of
herbage, consequently he has destroyed the
rainfall, ruined the retentive power of the
ground, and thus in large part ruined the
humidity of South Africa.”

From the remainder of the article, it can be
gathered, that the destruction of the forest
was begun and carried on by natives of South
Africa, long before the white man arrived;
but that the white man is responsible for the
further desecration by reason of his practice
of burning over the grass land so as to provide
fresh herbage for his herds and flocks.

Years before these little rodents became
what is now known by the collective title
of “‘fancy mice,” there was a Scotsman of the

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

name of Hutton who ree these household pets
to a practical use. is home was in Dun-

_ fermline, in Fifeshire, where he plied his trade

of thread-spinning, then quite a common
occupation in this and the adjacent counties.

Hutton had occasion to visit Perth, at
which time quite a number of French prison-
ers were located there. The Frenchmen, in
their forced idleness, made an endless array of
toys to employ their weary hours, and among-
st these Hutton discovered a toyhouse wit
a wheel fixed into the gable. This wheel was
made to revolve by the gravity of a common
house-mouse, something after the fashion of a
tame squirrel.

Hutton bargained with the owner, and carr-
ied cage and mouse to Dunfermline. The
new owner had evidently been a person of
minute calculation, for he soon discovered that
his mouse could live for seven weeks upon an
expenditure of one halfpenny in the shape of
oatmeal. In its cage the mouse traveled no
fewer than 362 miles during the week. So
Hutton calculated to his own satisfaction. He
tamed another mouse, and kept both engaged
for a year in making sewing-thread.

The treadmill was so constructed that each
mouse was able to twist twine and reel from
100 to 120 threads per day. To perform this
task each mouse had to run ten miles fully
per day, but, marvelous though it seems, both
rodents seldom failed to accomplish this feat.
It is even recorded that one of these mice, in
five weeks, on an expenditure of only a half-
pennyworth of oatmeal, actually made no
fewer than 3,350 threads, each 25 inches long.

The people of Nova Scotia in virtue of
an act just passed by the Nova Scotia Legisla-
ture now have freedom to fish in any inland
waters in this province a privilege. not en-
joyed im the past. This comes as a result
of a bill introduced by W. L. Hall, member
for Queens in the provincial legislature.
It will effect a large number of people who
hitherto have had fishing pools for their
exclusive use. As a result of an agitation
some years ago the government passed a
bill giving the right of free fishing on all
inland waters and the right of travel over
all uncultivated lands for that purpose,
but provided that municipal councils should
have the right to pass by-laws and issue
licenses, giving private owners on rivers the
exclusive right to fish in their own waters.
The act provided, however, that in the event
of municipal councils not passing by-laws
or issuing licenses in any county there should
be no right of free fishing except over crown
lands and timber lands.

By an amendment introduced by Mr.
Hall this act now has been changed so that
all residents of the province shall have the
right to iish in all rivers and lakes and tidal
waters and to cross all uncultivated lands
for the purpose of fishing, unless the owner,
who claims exclusive rights has obtained a
license from the municipal council. ;

The municipal councils of both Halifax
and Queens counties have passed resolutions
refusing to issue licenses, and there is no
doubt all the other counties will also refuse.

This deprives a large number of wealthy
gentlemen of Halifax of private fising pools

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 325

Build up the defensive forces of your body

Bovril is an essential “munition of war’’ for those at home.
‘In addition to its own fortifying powers, Bovril has the unique
property of making the other foods you eat nourishing.
‘“‘Bovril makes just the difference between your being nour-
ished and your no/ being nourished by your food.

BOVRIL is British to the Backbone:

Of all Stores, etc., l-oz. 25c.: 2-oz. 40c.: 4-0z. 70c.: 8-oz. $1.30: 16-0z. $2.25. Bovril Cordial, large,
$1.25: 5-oz. 40c.: 16-oz. Johnston’s Fluid Beef (Vimbos), $1.20.

| Camp Furniture ze

Overhaul your SUMMER and CAMP FURNITURE

and let us quote you upon your needs. If interested write for our Catalog B.

Our line consists of Camp Stools and Cots, Lawn Swings, Lawn
and Verandah Chairs, Garden Seats, Folding Chairs and Tables.

THE STRATFORD MFG. CO. Limited, STRATFORD, Ontario

Par Expert Casting Line

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Strongest Line of its size in the World. Used b

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Illustrated Catalogue free on apbliedios | Sole Agent U. S. and Canada

326

There are comparatively few, among the
thousands of American devotees to the pad-
dle, the oar or the motorboat, says the Min-
neapolis Tribune, who are aware of the en-
trancing opportunities afforded for all sorts
of aquatic, sylvan and piscatorial enjoy-
ment, by the long stretches of the Rainy
river, which forms the greater portion of
the boundary between Minnesota and the
Canadian province of Ontario. Here, by
the way, let it be said that a great many peo-
ple, misled by the vagueness of the maps,
still think of this river as flowing eastward
into Lake Superior, the fact being that its
headwaters are found in a jumble of lakes in
the northeastern corner of the state, out of
which jumble the much smaller Pigeon river
flows into Lake Superior, while the Rainy,
its volume increasing with every mile, rolls
westward to the Lake of the Woods.

Leaving its mother lake, the river pur-
sues a course remarkable for its irregularity
and for its succession of surprises. Now
it narrows to a gorge so small and so beset
with rocks that the boat can scarcely make
its way through and short portages are fre-
quent ; now it broadens into a lake which
may be from a mile to six miles wide, with
islands, islands everywhere! of shapes and
sizes innumerable, now high, now low, now
covered with trees, now with bushy slopes ;
now of almost barren rock, now spreading
a carpet of greenery inviting the voyager
to make this his camping place. Frequent
rapids and an occasional waterfall, con-
tribute to the excitement and interest of
the trip. When finally, the stream broad-
ens into Rainy lake, it becomes navigable
for large steamboats; but still the islands
abound only they are sometimes larger,
and the wider stretches of open water give
them a more charming perspective.

Just before reaching International Falls,
some powerful rapids occur, the descent
of which affords a thrill of excitement, equally
to him who “paddles his own canoe’”’ and to
who stands on the deck of the™steam-

oat.

The day will come when the attractive-
ness of this comparatively inexpensive boat-
ing excursion on our Rainy of Ten Thou-
sand Islands will be recognized as superior
to that of many an eastern excursion, to
enjoy which multitudes spend much and
travel far.

The Grand Trunk Railway System have
made important improvements this year
in connection with their interests at Algon-
quin Park. The Highland Inn has been
renovated throughout,- the equipment has
been augmented, suites of rooms with pri-
vate bath have been installed, and new cold
storage plant added. In addition a canopy
roof has been erected on the boathouse with
open sides, making it a delightful resting
place. Bath houses have been erected, giv-
ing privacy for those who desire to bathe
in Cache Lake, opposite the Highland Inn.
A dock has been built extending 135 feet
into the Lake, with a depth of water at the
extreme end of the dock of 14 feet, which
will meet the desires of those who like to dive

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

and swim in deep water. A bathin* beach
has been constructed for the children, or
those who are unable to swim and which
extends at a gradual slope for 100 feet from
shore. A new clay tennis court has been
built which will be in first class condition
for those caring for this exercise. A guide
house has been built at some distance in
the rear of the hotel for the occupancy of
the guides. Tom Salmon, a veteran guide,
hunter and trapper, who has operated in
the Algonquin Park region for the past 50
years, will be in charge of the guides, and
has been engaged by the Grand Trunk to
ive first hand information to visitors who
esire to know the best fishing spots, the
best canoe routes, and the best camping
places in the Park. His services are avail-
able to all visitors without cost, and Mr.
Salmon will be glad to help canoeing parties
and campers to outfit. In connection with
the Highland Inn is a general store, stocked
with all the necessities for the cottager,
camper and canoe cruiser, and which can
be secured at city prices. The two roads
leading from the Highland Inn to Nominigan
Camp on Smoke Lake—a distance of 7 miles—
and to Camp Muinnesing on Island Lake—
a distance of 10 miles—are being re-con-
structed and will be in good shape for the
beautiful drives that they will offer.

Handsomely illustrated descriptive litera-
ture can be obtained from any Grand Trunk
Agent, or upon application to Miss Jean
Lindsay, Manager of the Highland Inn,
Algonquin Park Station, Ontario.

Tile fish are again being caugnt in suffi-
cient numbers to become a staple article
of food in the United States. They are hand-
somely colored fish, and very good to eat,
but thirty years ago millions of them died
in a mysterious way, and it was thought that
they thus became extinct. In the begin-
ning of 1882 fishermen and others made
amazing reports of having sailed through
miles of dead and dying tile fish by the
coast. The whole area covered by dead
fish was reckoned to be 170 miles long and
twenty-five miles wide. More than 1,400,-
000,000 fish had died. The actual reason
was never proved, but from_ temperature
tests it was assumed that a sudden chill in
the water accounted for the blight.

Bringing with them the fine skins of a
couple of Lillooet grizzly bears, one of the
finest breeds of grizzlies extant, says the
Vancouver Province, several Vancouver hunt-
ers returned in May from the wilds north
of Anderson Lake on the Pacific Great East-
ern. O. J. Rognon, M. Lombard and J.
W. Williams brought with them the peltries
of two grizzlies and two black bears. From
Anderson Lake they packed across the Divide
of Cadwallader River and hunted at an
elevation of about 5,000 feet. The season
there was about six weeks late. There was
a tremendous snowfall last winter and the
going was hard. Goats and black bear were
said to be very plentiful however. The party
started hunting two weeks later than they
intended and even then were too early.

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 327

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brings you to

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328

Reference is frequently made to the ex-
tent, variety and value of Canada’s fisheries,
but it is rarely pointed out that fishing grounds
are a very readily exhaustible form of natural
resource. To a great degree fish is a crop,
requiring considerable cultivation ; a large
annual output of commercial fish can _ be
maintained only through careful husbandry.
In 1914-15 the Dominion Fisheries Branch
spent $370,000—the largest single item in
its expenditure—upon fish culture. Although
artificial breeding of fish has been carried’
on by the Dominion Government for nearly
50 years, the great growth and development
of this branch of fisheries administration
has been accomplished in the last decade.
During the latest year for which statistics
are available, 64 hatcheries were conducted
and the aggregate of fry and fingerlings dis-
tributed reached 1,640,000,000 in round
numbers.

The Dominion Fisheries Branch is con-
cerned chiefly with the production of com-
mercial species, leaving the propagation of
game fish largely in the hands of the pro-
vincial authorities. While lobsters and white-
fish are distributed in much the largest num-
bers, considerable attention is paid also to
Pacific and Atlantic salmon, salmon trout,
pickerel and other fish.

Except with regard to such marine species
as the cod and mackerel, extensive artificial
culture and strict regulation of fishing opera-
tions are necessary to ensure fisheries against
depletion. The history of the whitefish pro-
duction of the Great Lakes furnishes the best
. example in Canadian experience of the man-
ner in which a valuable fishery can be either
depleted in a very short time or maintained
at a high level of production accordingly
as artificial culture is neglected or efficiently
prosecuted. Smaller fisheries, such as the
oyster, shad and sturgeon, are to-day in a
depleted state, while the two most valuable
fisheries of the Dominion, the lobster and
Pacific salmon, will require continuous breed-
ing operations on a very extensive scale
to maintain their maximum productivity.

The Victoria Fisheries Protective Associa-
tion issued the following report, dated from
Baddeck, C.B.

At the beginning of another fishing sea-
son, the Victoria Fisheries Protective As-
sociation takes pleasure in reporting to its
members that its work, last year, was fairly
successful and satisfactory. It request that
six head guardians, with adequate salaries,
be appointed for the rivers Margaree, Middle,
Baddeck, Clyburn, North and Mira, was
supported by Inspector McLeod and grant-
ed by the department, and the new officers
entered upon the discharge of their duties
at the beginning of the fishing season of 1915.

The publicity given to the work done by
the Association, the inspector and the guard-
ians, not only turned public attention to
the urgent need of protecting the rivers,
but restrained illegal fishermen, to some
extent from the netting and spearing that
had been so common before. The streams,
consequently were better patrolled and more
closely watched than they had previously
been. and the run of trout aid salmon in

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

them was noticeably increased. This was
particularly the case in the Margaree, where
salmon were more plentiful than they had
been before in many years. Salmon, in
considerable numbers, appeared also in the
Baddeck River, and were seen far up the
Clyburn, and in the former stream, one at
least was taken with rod and line, a fact
which shows that they will rise to the fly
in any waters if they are numerous enough
and if they have not been frightened 7
attempts at netting and spearing.

Complaints of illegal tishing, made by the
association to the inspector and the de-
partment, received prompt attention, and
nets were seized and arrests made in various
parts of the island. Through the co-opera-
tion of the inspector and the press, pub-
licity was given to these seizures and arrests,
in the Victoria News, the Sydney Post and
the Record, and the Halifax Chronicle. It
is our intention to continue and extend this
practice hereafter, and to publish the names
of all guardians who serve the public and
distinguish themselves by efficie:t and suc-
cessful work.

The officers of the Association hope that
they will have, during the coming season,
the support and co-operation of its members,
in carrying on the work, in enlarging the
membership, in bringing every case of il-
legal fishing to the knowledge of the authori-
ties, and in showing the people that the chief
object of the association is not to make bet-
ter sport for its members, but to promote
the prosperity of the whole island by con-
serving and developing one of its most valu-
able resources.

The Association is supported wholly by
the annual dues of its members. The As-
sociation are striving to make the trout and
salmon fishing of Cape Breton Island: the
best in the province.

The game and fisheries department has
recently received from Dr. Prince, the fish-
eries expert, of Ottawa, a report upon the
immense speckled trout caught in the Nipi-
gon district some time ae The trout was
taken by Dr. W. J. Cook, of Fort William,
and weighed 141% pounds. The size ot
the fish was so remarkable that its species
was called in question.

In order to remove doubts the depart-
ment had the fish sent to Ottawa, and Dr.
Prince has now declared that it is a true
speckled trout. The Nipigon district dur-
ing the past year or two has been producing
some exceptionally large trout, due largely
to the fact that the department has been pro-
tecting the fish from the depredations of
the pike.

Last year several men were employed in
capturing the pike in their haunts, while
this year the department is permitting the
Indians to go into the district without licenses
to catch pike.

A sturgeon 7 feet long and weighing 240
pounds said to be the largest fish ever pull-
ed out of Lake Erie, was landed near Port
Alma by Baldwin Brothers, fishermen of
that place.

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 329

Be Sen
Canadian Northern All The Way

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Serving Canada’s National Playgrounds

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Give the salmon and speckled trout and gamy black bass
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330

The ceremony of “the blessing of the
catch” that precedes the departure ot the
French cod-fishing fleets for Icelandic waters
and the banks of Newfoundland has lost
none of its interest or picturesqueness,
though the fleets are considerably diminish-
ed on account of the war.

The fleets of Fecamp, Palmpol, Saint
Malo, Cancale, Saint Servan and Gran-
ville altogether are sending out about 100
vessels this year as against 300 that com-
posed the combined fleets before the war.
The steam trawlers were nearly all requisi-
tioned by the Government, and a great
many members of the crews were mobilized.
This year 3,000 of these mobilized men have
been given leave trom the army in order
to prevent the cod-fishing industry from
declining to the point of disaster. The
war has shown France the importance of
her fisheries, and already ways and means
of improving their facilities after the war
are being discussed.

While the cod catch will be greatly in-
ferior to the average again this year, there
will be plenty of Cancale oysters, for the
women have replaced the mobilized men
in the important annual catch of seed oysters
off the Breton coast. It is really a man’s
work, for the barques are heavy and the
six sails are neither light nor easily man-
aged. But the women handle them with
as much skill and courage, and the season’s
catch of oysters to be taken shoreward for
breeding purposes will not fall short of the
average season.

Under the heading ‘‘Charting the Finny
Herds,”’ an editorial writer in the Toronto
Globe writes as follows regarding the pro-
posal to take a survey of the fishery wealth
in Ontario’s inland waters:—

Fishing will take on new aspects if all
the waters are to be charted and labelled
as to the kind of fish they contain and the
number one may expect to catch per day.
These charts, if read at the barefoot stage,
will take away the romance of fishing with
a bent pin, for in those days the dream of
catching anything is quite subordinate to
the mere pastime of ‘‘fishin’.”” It will also
rob fishing for the grown-ups of the glamour
of uncertainty, which is one of the chief
charms of the sport, and the overcoming of
which at all times place one on a piscatorial
peak. It will tend to reduce a man’s fishing
outing to a science. Instead of going out
for ‘“‘a week or so’’ he will calculate that he
can get the number necessary for his own
family and his “in-laws” in, say, two days
and a half. His holiday may thus be cal-
culated to a nicety with the least possible
disturbance to business; no more indefinite
notices on the door, ““Back next week.”

Then there is the matter of guides to be
considered. What more need for these dusky
inhabitants of the Georgian Bay shore, who
know the exact address of the 10-inch bass,
and who will take you there on the third
day, just when your patience has almost
fled? And if we dispense with the guide,
who is to row us about, land us on a rocky
islet and cook a juicy dinner fit for Lucullus?

HUD AND GUIN

JIN UAUNAI A

The complications to follow this charting
business seem exasperating and endless.

But how is the survey to be carried on?
Will the surveyors carry a new form of X-
ray that will lay bare the secrets of the waters
and expose their countless finny, herds to
man’s vision, the number per square yard
to be multiplied by a Hydrographic Board?
Better still, perhaps the anglers of the whole
country will be invited to go forth and cast
their worms and their flies—and perhaps their
bent pins—into every water. All close sea-
sons may be abandoned, and the disciples
of Izaak mobilized and sent forth on the
most delightful of all missions; given un-
limited time and expense money to find the
fish and tell the story. Then, again, a serious
difficulty arises, for who will believe a fisher-
man? From time immemorial a fisherman’s
word has been at a discount, so that pro-
posal falls.

In the end, the impulse is to return to the
romance and uncertainty of the past, when
fishing was a great adventure, a hazardous
encounter with nature’s illusions, a search
for sunburn and fireside tales for the com-
ing winter.

When it’s not too warm but just warm

enough.

And the big old fellows, oh, joy, how they
fight!

Your rod’s bent double and you keep your
line tight.

How they leap, how they run,
Gee whizz, but it’s run,
On the days when the fish will bite.”

“There are days when the fish won’t bite:
It’s either too calm or else it’s too rough;
It’s either too warm or not warm enough;

The wind’s the wrong way or the moon’s

not right;

It’s either too cloudy or sun’s too bright;

It’s either too wet or else it’s too dry,
Or for Spine other reason, you can’t tell
why—

There are days when the fish won’t bite. -

“But there are days when the fish will bite:
When it’s not too calm and it’s not too
rough,

In British Columbia the Indians cere-
moniously went to meet the first salmon
and in flattering voices tried to win their
favor by calling them all chiefs.

Every spring the Karaks used to dance
for salmon. Meanwhile one of their num-
ber secluded himself in the mountains and
fasted for ten days. Upon his return he
solemnly approached the river, took the
first salmon of the catch, ate some of it,
and with the remainder lighted a sacrificial
fire. The same Indians laboriously climb-
ed the mountain top after the poles for the
spearing booth, being convinced that if they
were gathered where salmon were watching
no fish would be caught.

A Maskinonge weighing 32 pounds was
caught in Mud Lake, Algoma, in June last,
Py one of the employees of the Stone Lum-

er Co. .

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 331

“NAUTO” AUTOMATIC

SNAG-PROOF, WEEDLESS FISHING BAIT “WOBBLER MODEL”
The ‘““NAUTO” [Guise Pat.] [Reg. No. 8—F. 3934]

SETTING THE HOOKS \

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When the fish strike the
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weeds or snags because the
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Mink, Skunk,“Coon,” Rabbits, ete.

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By R. M. Palmer |

jan About Aire dales

A Book of General Information
Valuable alike to dog lovers and owners, : 2
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ROD AND GUN IN CANADA MAGAZINE) |. .RAPPERS’ SUPPLY Co.

|| BOxcG. - = -s OAK PARK, ILL.
(Book Department), WOODSTOCK, ONT.
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A Set for Sir Reynard.
Editor, ROD AND GUN :—

As you have discontinued the department
Along the Trap Line for the summer months
perhaps you will insert this in Letter Box
depz utment if you consider it of sufficient
interest.

A fox as everybody knows is full of curiosity.
He wants to see everything about him and all
about him and to know what is going on in
his vicinity.

If you have ever tracked a fox in winter you
will soon learn this for yourself. If out in the
field he will jump up on an ant hill or any rise
in the ground to have a look round. I find
a good place in a field, generally a somewhat
flat field up above a creek and build two or
three stone piles about three feet in diameter
and two and a half feet high, having these
some twenty-five yards apart. 1 build the
stone on a good sound piece of rail to which
I stake a number two fox trap, putting one on
each stone pile. Then I take and put dry
moss or leaves over the top of the pile or in
winter I cover it with snow with which the
trap should be carefully concealed. I never
set any bait on this kind of set as it does more

Animals and Explosives.
Birds Not Greatly Disturbed by Noise of
Cannon.

A careful study of the effect of the noise
of cannonading on animals, both domestic
and wild, which has been made by Veterin-
ary Surgeon Reuter, has produced some
unexpected results. He has determined that
those animals which normally are most
“scary” and apprehensive are almost the
last to be affected by the explosion of shells.

Both the highly trained and developed
horse and dog seem to be most profoundly
affected. Both are liable to nerve-shock,
from which it takes as long as three weeks
to recuperate. Collie dogs are least of all
affected, and therefore are preferred as Red
Cross dogs in the field.

The nervous shock from exploding shells
is so great that it often times brings horses
up in their tracks, apparently incapable of
moving. Horses occasionally fall down and
give every appearance of having been shot,
though actually unhurt. Dogs suddenly and
unaccountably go lame, though untouched.

The intense cannonading in the west has
driven huge numbers of game over into
Switzerland, to Luxemburg and to portions
of France, over which the war has passed.

harm than good, the fox becoming suspicious
of it sometimes and as a result avoiding the
stone pile. Do not be discouraged if results
do not come in a couple of nights but leave
your traps there as long as you can spare them,
In the opinion of the writer it is best to
build these stone piles in the summer and let
the fox get used to them and then set your
trap in the late fall or winter.
Yours truly,
J. Lorne Halliday.
Oakville, Ont.

Another Boquet.
Editor, ROD AND GUN :—

Please find enclosed express order for one
fifty, my subscription for another year. Keep
itcoming. I cannot do without it. Rod and
Gun is great and I find many pleasant hours
going through its pages as well as appreciating
the information it contains. I am a shooter
of forty years’ experience and still there is
always more to learn.

Yours truly,
James Humphreys.
Toronto, Ont.

Mice and rats not unnaturally take to the
earth when anything frightens them, and
the Germans in France have been surprised
to note an increase in the number of these
animals.

The song birds, especially, refuse to be
driven from their accustomed haunts by
cannonading, so that there are to-day about
the normal number of larks, orioles, thrush-~
es and finches near the lines. The owls,
sparrows, hawks and crows also seem little
disturbed by the noise.

Canada to Preserve Horned Antelope

Large Area of Land Set Apart as a Reserve

* for Animals.

An order-in-Council has been _ passed
setting apart a large area of land in
the West for the use of the _ prong-
horned antelope and to preserve this animal
from extinction. Some of the lands includ-
ed in the reservation have been taken up
by settlers and provision is made for grant-
ing these settlers new selections in the can-
celed stock watering reserve. An extra half-
section in addition to the acre for acre allow-
ance in the new location is to be granted in
lieu of buildings and peg teen ss

332

‘

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 333

Casting Made Easy

That’s what this reel does—it makes casting
easy for the beginner and easzery for the Veteran Angler.

The South Bend Anti-Back-Lash Reel

This reel eliminates the back-lash and reduces casting
to a simple operation of handling the rod. It enables the
beginner to learn to cast with credible accuracy ina few
moments’ practice. On the other hand, seasoned Anglers use it on
account of its free- -running, ease of operation and good-wearing
ae The reel is a two-in-one proposition, permitting of using
it with or without the Anti-Back-i.ash device. In addition
to this, experienced casters find the Anti-Back-Lash feature an
advantage when fishing at night. The beginner should by all
means try the Anti-Back-Lash Reel first;
experienced Anglers should also give it
a trial and learn its advantages.

If you have not read ‘‘The Days of
Real Sport,’’ send for your copy at
once. Itis a most interesting book.

SOUTH BEND BAIT COMPANY
8268 W. Colfax Ave., SOUTH BEND, IND.

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I champion Professional Fly Casters and Anglers in Europe, “Hardy’s’. Don’t
forget that as wages in Great Britain are 75% less than in America we can
give greater value in high class hand work. All our rods are hand made by experts
whose lives have been spent at this work, for which 50 GOLD MED ALS have
been awarded. Length 9-ft., weight 534 ozs.; 9-ft. 6-ins., weight 5%4 ozs.; 10- ft.,
weight 6o0zs. All fitted with Hardy’s patent: screw grip reel fittings.
Rod, with one top only, $18.37; with two tops, $22.04. If in Bamboo oraleetan
case to carry THE WHOLE ROD, $2.44 extra.

ee cass cae DRY FLIES—As made by us for the late F. M. Halford,
as tee Esq., for whom we also made rods, etc., 60 cents per doz.

GUT CASTS—The Anglo-American tapered mist color
No. 1 medium, No. 2 fine, as made for Mr. Halford.

lo HARDY Stout to 4X Ditto, Ditto to 3X, Stout Lake to fine, Ditto to
eS we beets ss medium, Ex-stout to MEDIUM, Ex-stout to stout, 6ft.
owe the supremacy 8/6d. per doz. or $2.08, 9-ft. 11/- per doz. or $2.69.

we have achieved as

Rod makers. etialy. Bees ancieetor Alnwick, England

DoE. GRE AT =
ENGLISH FIELD | ~
says “We must ars
never forget that it | -~.

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We invite any of our readers desimmg Hivrmialion Gu Gupgie Matvers Lo send in their

queries to this department.
new registration requirements? -
requirements best? Is your dog ailing?

what it is you wish to know, we will try and s

we may save you a lot of trouble.

Are you buying a dog ; importing one ; do you urderstand the
Are you in doubt as to what breed of dog would suit your
Any breed you want information on, no matter
atisfy you and to the novice we might say that

SPRING AND SUMMER SHOWS,
1916

HE dog show at the Canadian National
Exhibition, Toronto, is the big event
looked for each year by all fanciers of

the Dominion as well as a few in the United
States. Previous to this there are many
smaller shows held in the different provinces
which give breeders a good opportunty of
finding out the show value of their young
stock at different periods of puppy hood.
To well-known winners of a couple of years’
standing these smaller shows are an_ easy
thing but sometimes a young one is shown
which shows promise of beating the cracks
when the big event at the C.N.C. arrives.
If judges would pay stricter attention to
the dog shown, his points, appearance and
action and not to his reputation, no doubt
young dogs would rise more quickly to the
places they deserve.

The centres in which regular events are
held are St. John, N.B. Montreal, Ottawa,
Toronto, London, Sarnia, Port Arthur, Winni-
peg, Edmonton, Calgary, Vancouver _and
Victoria. At other smaller places enthusiasts
work up shows, generally in connection with
the local spring or fall fairs and such dog
shows are proving a good attraction.

A good example of these smaller shows
was that held in connection with the Dufferin
County Agricultural Show and Fair at Or-
angeville on Feb. 10th. This show was
handled by Mr. E. G. Binghorn, an Airedale
fancier of Orangeville, and was a_ success
in every way and everyone had a good time,
especially the Torontonians who went up on
a special train.

The breeds mostly in evidence were Collies
judged by Jos. D. Strachan, Toronto, lead-
ing winners were, bitches Billesley Blush,
from South Porcupine and dogs Elwyn Ad-
miral from Toronto. Bostons, judge G. A.
Beaumont, were a large and high quality
entry. Dogs from Galt and Hanover were
in the younger classes, whilst well-known
winners from Toronto took their usual places.

The Celamo Kennels of Rochester showed
their enterprise by sending over several high
class winning English toy spaniels.

Other breeds shown and judged by Jos.
Perkins of Toronto were, wire haired fox
terrier Broodway cockler, S. Bamford, best
fox terrier in show and in Airedales. Mr.Cass
showed a young Airedale which on_ taking
reserve winners to the celebrated Ch. King
Nobblers Double shows him to be a coming
winner. In Airedale bitches also a young
one Mr. Binghams, Miss Dignity closely
pressed the winner Ch. Brickfield Molly.
Bull dogs, Scotties, Yorkshires, Pomeranians
and a Russian wolf hound, made up the
other attractions.

Victoria City Kennel Club Show.

In B.C. the Victoria City Kennel Club’s
14th Spring Show, held April 5th to 7th,
was a success all round ; good entries, good
quality, good prizes and good attendance.
The leading entries were 19 Airedales, 16
Bostons, 16 Fox Terriers and 12 Pomeran-
ians.. Sweep, a black Field Spaniel. won
best in show and some very high class Point-
ers and Setters were shown. Setters have

334

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 335

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336 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

always been a favorite breed in B.C. on
acount of the pheasant shooting started there
by the early English colonists.

“Modern favorites in B.C. are Bostons
and Airedales. In the latter Mr. McConnell
of Vancouver has bred some that have won
well through the western provinces and
states.

Winnipeg Kennel Ciub Show.

The Winnipeg Kennel Club Show was
held on May 16th, 17th and 18th and the
breeds benched were Great Danes, Russian
wolf hounds, Bloodhounds, Greyhounds, Ot-
terhounds, Pointers, Setters, Retrievers, Irish
water spaniels, Clumbers, springers, Field
and Cocker Spaniels, old English sheep dogs,
Bull dogs, Whippets, Pomeranians, Toy
poodles, spaniels and. Yorkshires and in
Terriers there were Airedales, smooth and
wire fox, bulls and Bostons, Irish and Scotch.

As will be noticed Pointers and Setters,
Retrievers and Spaniels are used much in
the middle west owing to the splendid duck
and chicken shooting to be had in that
broad country of prairie and shallows.

Messrs. Swann and Bamford, the well-
known handlers, took up a good entry of
Torento dogs in Airedales, St. Bernards,
Collies and Fox Terriers.

The Toronto Kennel Club show was held
Good Friday and Saturday, April 21st and
22nd. Next to the C.N.E. show this show
is looked for as the leading annual event
in Eastern Canada and as at the C.N.E.
good outside judges are employed. This
year Wm. Austin of Toronto judged Bostons
and the professional handler Chas. H. Davis,
Hudson, N.Y. judged all other breeds. There
were some 225 dogs benched including Mas-
tiffs, St. Bernards, Great Danes, Russian
wolfhounds, English greyhounds, Beagles,
Whippets, English and American foxhounds,
English and Irish Setters, Cocker Spaniels,
Airedales, Irish Terriers, Scotch Terriers,
Fox terriers, smooth and wire, Bull terriers,
English bull dogs, Field Spaniels, Collies,
Black and Tan terriers, Bostons, old English
Sheep dogs, W. W. Highland terriers, York-
shire terriers, Poodles, Pomeranians, Pekin-
ese spaniels, English toy spaniels.

This show draws visitors and exhibitors
from all over Ontario and generally a few
from Montreal, Buffalo and Rochester. The
show was well attended and proved to those
in charge that a larger hall with larger bench-
ings and show rings should be obtained.

Some of the special prizes awarded were :—
The John G. Kent silver cup for best in show
went to the English bred Airedale champion
King Nobbler’s Double. The O. N. Murray
silver cup for best bred and owned by mem-
ber went to E. W. BilHnger’s Airedale Morn-
ing Admiration, who also won the Mumford
cup for best Canadian bred terrier. The
C.K.C. medal for best in other terriers went
to Eagan’s white west Highland Ardock
model. The C.K.C. medal for the best
non sporting went to the Boston Sparkling
Beauty and the C.K.C. medal for best sport-
ing to John G. Kent’s-English bred grey-
hound Ch. Master Butcher, a very hand-
some dog. The Campbell challenge trophy
for best puppy any breed, bred and shown
by exhibitor was awarded G. H. Cass’ Aire-

dale Brant Ranger. This show also dem-
onstrated that while imported English dogs
can win top place yet the proudest person 1s
the exhibitor of a home bred which presses
these imported ones closely.

Other notable dogs shown were the collies
Strachan’s Coltness Clinker and Ashbee’s
Campbell Sterling; the imported St. Bernard
Facsimile of Parkdale, a massive noble look-
ing dog; Ch. Earl of Suffolk, a true type
of the English bred Newfoundland dog, and
the white English Bull dog Ch. Cheetham
Squire.

Jos. Perkins of Toronto, the well-known
fancier and breeder showed his enterprise
by exhibiting a fine pair of English Field
Spaniels which he has imported with the
hope of giving Canadians something new
in gun dogs.

Open Air Dog Show at London.

An open air dog show was held at London,
Ont. on Victoria day and was a very popul
event. The breeds shown were Fox hounds,
Pointers and Setters, St. Bernards, Pom-
eranians, English Bull dogs, French Bull dogs,
Collies, Spaniels and in Terriers there were
Airedales, Irish, wire and smooth fox, Bos-
tons, Manchesters and Yorkshires.

The wire haired fox terrier Regal Curio
shown by Miss Short, London, was the
winner of a silver cup presented by Dr. E.
P. Smith, secretary of the London canine
association, for the best dog of any breed
exhibited at this show. An English setter
and a large bull dog were close seconds.
In fox hounds Prince and Barney were
winners. In Pointers Jingo Countess and
Dan. In English Setters, Destiny Prince,
Sport and Lady Daft.

Montreal Terriers’ Club Show.

For a specialty show the Montreal Terrier
Club’s initial fixture on Saturday afternoon
and evening, May 27th, was very well at-
tended indeed. Jos. Perkins, the jolly little
all-rounder from Toronto, was judge, and he
was greatly taken by the enthusiasm and
hospitality of the Montreal fanciers. An
attractive list of cups and special prizes
attracted a large number of exhibitors and
the competition was keen. Peter Noodles,
a Boston terrier from Ottawa, won the
championship as the best dog of either sex.
The Airedale Newbold commander won a
couple of cups as also did the wire fox West
Park Ranger. The smallest dog shown was
the black and tan Nemo who won his 65th
blue ribbon. This dainty little dog weighs
but one and three quarter pounds.

Several specialty shows are held in To-
ronto throughout the winter and _ spring
which are a good tryout for dogs intended
for the larger shows later on in the season.

Second Annual mais ot the Oakville Kennel
ub.

There is a very enthusiastic bunch of dog
fanciers around Oakville as is shown by
the way they carried through the second
annual show of the Oakville Kennel Club
June Ist and 2nd. The classification and
list of specials warranted a large entry. About
170 dogs were benched making it a one-point
show, Mr. V. P. Breese of New York judged

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 337

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338

all breeds and was most painstaking and
enthusiastic in placing the awards. There
was a large entry of Bull dogs and terriers,
Bostons and Airedales. In the latter Polam
Maxim a crack English bred one made his
initial bow in the Canadian show ring. This
dog was considered a wonder in England,
so his appearance at the coming C.N.E.
show will be watched with interest. E.
W. Billinger, a consistent breeder of good
Airedales showed a promising youngster in
Morning Recruit but his great home bred
Morning Admiration was absent, perhaps

so as to give other new dogs a chance for
Admiration beat Polam Maxim at the great
U.S. spring show of the Westminster Kennel
Club, New York City.

English fox hounds were well represented
and were one of the features of the show.
The winners were the Ennisclaire Hunt’s
Cornador and Jasamine American fox hounds,
sportsman, same Hunt.

We are indebted to the columns of Kennel
and Bench for a list of winning dogs. Kennel
and Bench is the official organ of the Can-
adian Kennel Club, under whose jurisdic-
tion all point shows are held in the Dominion.
We would advise any of our readers de-
siring to register dogs or go in for show stock
to get in touch with the Kennel and Bench
and the Canadian Kennel Club, 774144 Yonge
St., Toronto. It is necessary and consider-
ing the advantages derived it does not cost
you anything t» become a member of the
G.K-C.

Faithful to the End

Outside many cottages in Northern France,
says the ‘London Field,’ you will see a caged
wheel, some six feet in diameter, fastened
to the wall. Occasionally you will see a
dog enter it, and, squirrel fashion, set it
revolving for about an hour. At the other
end of the axle of the wheel, inside the house,
there is a churn that is filled with milk every
morning. Always at the same moment the
dog reports for duty. He steps into the
wheel immediately, revolves it faithfully
for an hour and then steps out and goes
his way to play like other dogs.

One morning man began _ showing his
superior intelligence by pouring a hail of
shells into the quiet village. The shells
unroofed the little cottages or converted
them into mounds of ruin. The inhabitants
fled precipitately. But the dogs did not
run away; nor did they consider that the
shells concerned them.

Punctually to their hour, they stepped
into their wheels and began to turn them.
At a corner of the market place three such
wheels were visible. A dog was in each
of them when the action was at its height
and the houses were crumbling on every
hand; but the brave dogs went on as if the
hurly-burly were no concern of theirs.

A shell fragment struck one of the wheels
and put it out of action—a splinter of a
spoke was jammed against the wall. The
dog stopped in amazement; but when he
saw the other dogs still at work he set him-

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

self to overcome the difficulty, and presently,
succeeded in making the wheel turn un-
certainly. Then a shrapnel bullet hit him,
and he collapsed, without a groan, on the
floor of his wheel.

A few moments later one of the other
houses was hit; the dog and wheel disappear-
ed under the debris. The third dog com-
pleted his churning, trotted off out of his
wheel, and nothing more was seen of him.

: Teaching Animals.

Almost any kind of pet will be a good
deal more interesting. if it can perform a
few tricks. Of course, some animals are
naturally much more intelligent than others,
but all creatures can be taught to do some-
thing by a patient teacher. The methods
adopted will naturally vary a good deal ac-
cording to the pet which it is desired to
instruct. <A bright dog will be able to learn
an endless number of tricks, and many of
these can be taught with the greatest ease.

First of all it is important to realize that
animals cannot be frightened into doing
that which is required of them. Punish-
ment, even of the mildest description, should -
be absolutely ruled out. The idea should
always be that the trick is done for a reward,
which usually takes the form of some dainty.
All animals must be taken in hand young,
as it is not easy to teach them tricks when
they are fully grown, and their habits are
formed. Whatever the trick may be, the
only way to carry on the instruction is to
keep on trying to make the creature under-
stand by word and gesture what is required.
Directly the animal shows any sigh of under-
standing a reward should be forthcoming,
so that gradually the pet begins to associate
the doing of a certain action with something
that it likes. Teach only one trick at a
time, and never go on with the lessons after
the animal is seen to be getting tired. Above
all, on no account adopt a threatening atti-
tude, as this entirely defeats the object in
view.

Young dogs may be readily taught to
salute, and an intelligent mongrel would
learn the trick in one lesson. The writer
had a small terrier, about four months old,
who picked up the trick very quickly. The
dog was gently pushed back on his haunches,
and his paw was repeatedly put up to his
head; at the same time the word ‘‘Salute”’
was said with emphasis. Before long doggy
made an attempt to put up his paw, and.
the effort was at once rewarded with a lump
of sugar. Soon the lesson was fully learnt,
and now the dog will salute when there is
ae food about without being ordered to

O SO.

It is easy to teach a dog to walk upon
its hind legs, if a small stick is used to help
the animal to keep his balance; this is just
placed under the forepaws and taken away
from time to time. Finally the dog is able
to walk without any support. Other tricks,
easily taught, are the rolling of a barrel (the
article should be of a light description),
skipping, and jumping over one’s arm.

ROD AND

GUN IN CANADA

lalotel Griswold

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TOURNAMENT DATES
August 29th, 30th and 3lst to September 2. Trap
Shooting Tournament at Canadian National
Exhibition grounds, Toronto.

A Trap-shooting Tournament will be held in con-
nection with the Canadian National Exhibition,
the dates for the tournament being August 29th,
30th and 31st and September Ist and 2nd. The Traps
which will be set overlooking Lake Ontario will occupy
practically the centre of the southern boundary of
Exhibition Park, a part of the grounds largely used by
the public.

Aug. 7th and 8th, 1916—Eagle Gun Club Registered
Tournament, Brantford, Ont. Wm. Doherty, Secretary,
Eagle Place P.O., Brantford, Ont.

Gun Club secretaries who would like to see the
records of shoots which they hold from time to
time in Rod and Gun are invited to send these
in as soon after the shoots take place as possible.

A CANADIAN SHOOTER’S FINE RECORD

The following facts regarding Mr. F. H. Morris
of Edmonton, Alberta, who is well known to the
trap-shooting fraternity may be of interest to the
readers.of our Trap department.

Mr. Morris only started in the trap-shooting game
about three years ago but up to that time had been an
ardent follower of the 303 Rifle. He was a member of
the Canadian Bisley team to England for five consecu-
tive years, 1907, 1908, 1909, 1910 and 1911 and was
also slated to go with the 1913 team but found himself
unable to leave his work at the time. Mr. Morris re-
presented Canada on the Palma Team in 1912 and 1913
At Bisley he won the Grand Aggregate, Rapid Fire
Championship and Standard of Empire Cup and Shield

F. H. MORRIS, EDMONTON, ALBERTA

two years in succession. ‘This later prize is given to
the highest Colonial in the King’s Match. In the
King’s match Mr. Morris finished 3rd in 1909 and 2nd
in 1910. He is the wearer of four King’s Badges and
the St. George Badge. He has had prizes presented
to him by Lord Haldane (Late Minister of War for
Great Britain), the late Lord Roberts, The Earl of
Crew. Lord Kitchener and by ueen Mary. In
Canada Mr. Morris has won the All Comers’ Agere.
gate in Toront besides the City of Toronto Gold
Medal on two occasions. He holds 19 cups and Shields,
15 badges and 28 Medals. In July 1913 shooting
Professional (Mr. Morris’ services were engaged by the
Dominion Cartridge Co. Ltd. for demonstration work
in rifle shooting in 1912) he broke 49 out of 50 which
was high score for the day in the Fifty Bird Amateur
Championship of Alberta. In the same year this
shooter was eat professional in a four day tournament
at Hamilton, Ont. breaking 283 out of 300 birds. In
1914 he was high professional at the Red Deer, Alta,
shoot, score 172 out of 175 birds. Was high both days
of a tournament at Regina, scores 172 out of 180 and
91 out of 100. Was high professional at Saskatoon,
Dundurn, Drinkwater, Wilkie, Sask. and Portage la
Prairie, and was high second day at Kenora, ec
73 of 75 in Sweepstake Events, and making run of 1
straight in merchandise and team events. His best
runs are 133-100-94-92-86-72-64, and several runs of
unbroken strings of 50.

Canadian Indian Tournament and Pow Wow
at Burlington Beach.

The annual pow-wow and tournament of the Can-
adian Indians opened at the Brant house on June
29th with a large number of the tribe on hand. In
the shooting of that day Walter Thomson was high
average, with a total of 144 out of 150. The scores
of 130 and over for the day were as follows:

W. P.. Thomson, Hamulton..:.205. 5. 144
Nelson Long, -Hamilton:........2. eee 143.
Walter Ely, Toronto:..250 20.1 143.
E. H. Sturt, Hamilton... eee 142
George Beattie, Hamilton.2.0.. ee eee 141
T. Houghton, New=York..... 320-e 139
George Tuckett, New York... 138
J.-Payne; Ridgetownz:...... ee 137
S. G. Vance, Tillsonburg. 137
HY SRournbutl Gatlts 2. ee 135.
P. Wakefield, Toronto.... 135
J. Taylor, Ridgetown...... 134
J. J. Cline, Hamilton.. 133
J. R. Terson,* Mimico..... 133
H. Lennox, Hamilton...... 132
F. Schofield, Oakville...... 132
Gov. Hughes, Toronto.... 132
G. Goodale, Hamilton..... 131
G. L. Vivian, Toronto.... 130
F. Matthews: ‘Toronto *..2.0 1.002. Sn ee 130.

All shot at 150. ;

W. P. Thomson had long run of the day, making
63. straight.

The weather conditions were excellent for shoot-
ing, and the special trophy winners in the morning
contests were:—W. E. Ely, 143; G. Tuckett, 138; G.
Beattie, 141; P. Wakefield, 135; N. Long, 143; J.
Summerhayes, 124: W. Thomson, 144, and E. Stuart,
142,

In these events there were 41 contestants, and
the shooting was consistent throughout. For the
F. I. Fox Trophy at 50 targets, and the Canadian
Indian Tribe Trophy, open to Indians only, teams of
two men each, the premier events of the day, 28 men
competed, and at the final count Serson and Vance
were found to have tied with 35 each. In the shoot-
off at 10 targets each Vance won with 10 straight.
Serson securing 7. Ely and Fox captured the Tribe
Trophy, with 48 breaks. Thomson and Craig and
Vivian and Watson tied for second with 47. The
teams and their scores were:—Thomson 24, Craig 23,
total 47; Ely 25, Box 23, total 48; Stuart 25, Rolph
14, total 39: Houghton 24, Matthews 20, total 44;
Tuckett 20, Woodruff 19, total 39: Vance 23, Jordan

340

som ad ole aT a

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

TELLS HOW FAR YOU WALK

THE AMERICAN PEDOMETER

Regulates to Step and Registers Exact Dis-
tances ; Simple, Accurate, Durable.

Indispensable to every lover
of outdoor sport, and APKING
to those who love WA
Instructive because of value in
determining distances ; a neces-
sary adjunct to compass and as
useful to SPORTSMEN. It
furnishes the true solution of
many a disputed question of
how far it is toor from various
points. Best of all it
is a wonderful health
promotor because its
interesting notations
afford real incentive
for WALKING.
Whether you walk
for health, business
@ or pleasure — any-
where, everywhere,
the AMERICAN
Pedometer tells the
whole story of just
how far you have
travelled.

LY:
GUARANTEED
One Hundred Mile
Pedometer, $1.75

Seld by all Dealers or Direct
AMERICAN PEDOMETER COMPANY
902 CHAPEL ST., NEW HAVEN, CONN.

& & A. GUNTHER CO. - - Torento, Canada
Agents for the Dominion of Canada

Sono”

No other decoys compare with MASON’S.
do this one thing perfectly.

We are the largest manufacturers in the world.

Illustrated catalog free on request.

34]

“Star
Brand’

Ham
and
Bacon

have been on the market for over
sixty years and are known from
Atlantic to Pacific for their uniform
excellent quality.

_ If your grocer does not keep these
in his stock, write us direct.

Made Under Covernment inspection.

F.W. Fearman Co.

LIMITED
Hamilton, Ontario

THE BEST ON THE MARKET

Made by experts who

DUCK, SNIPE,
SWAN, GEESE, and CROW—all species in several different grades.

MASON’S DECOY FACTORY, 462 Brooklyn Ave., Detroit, ion

THIS CUT SHOWS ore AUTOMATIC CANVAS DECOY

__‘PREMIER g. U.S. Patent Office

Cine Duck Hunting? |

tae THE DUCKS IN

Use our make of Automatic or Ill. River Decoys.
Very natural appearing and can be handled in a
jiffy. We make various styles of duck and goose
decoys that are portable, compact and light in
weight, Write for catalogue.

J. W. Reynolds Decoy Factory, Chicago, U.S.A.

SAVE YOUR FACEs
Oi Your Razor?’

Rust causes razor dullness.
8-in-One absolutely prevents
rust on the minute “‘teeth”’ of
every razor blade. Always do
this before and after shaving:
Draw blade between thumb and
forefinger moistened with a little 3-in-One.
If an ‘“‘ordinary’’ razor, oil strop, too. Then
—strop and have the most luxurious shave of
all your life. Oil blade again before putting
away.

3-in-One is sold everywhere in 3 size bottles:

Trial size, 10c; 3-0z., 25¢; 8-07.
Also in Handy Oil Cans, 25e¢.
FREE Generous sample and scientific
—~*‘Razor Saver’’ circular.
3-IN-ONE OIL COMPANY
55 New St. New York City

, (half pint) 50c.

Established 1853. Present Manu-
facturers 49 Years’ Experience.

The Original
Penetangs

Are n ece only by the Gendron Pene-
teng Shoepach Mig. Co.. inventors of
Crawstrirg shcepacks. We are re-
ceiving daily orders from ‘‘The
Eoys atthe Frent’’. $10.00 is our
brie for knee length. hand welted,

erd sewn, trench pack, sporting,
pro spector’ s or survevor’s boots.

C ‘atalogue with MeasureForm on re quest

GENDRON PENETANG

SHOEPACK MFC. CO.
PENETANG ONT. CANADA

Q4°
342

23, total 46; Wakefield 23, Salisbury 23, total 46;
Hughes 23, March 21, total 44; Vivian 24, Watson

23, total 47

Toronto was represented in the shooting by A. E.

Craig, G. M. Dunk, W. T. Ely, G. S. Evans, P. W.
Wakefield. F. Mathews, Dr. Jordan, E F. W. Salis-
bury, E. R. Rolph, W. Hughes, E. J. Marsh, F. Fow

and G. Cashmore

The Hamilton shooters were N. Long, J. J. Cline,
W. P. Thomson, E. Stuart, A. H. Lennox, G. Beattie,
F. W. Watson and M. Goodale.

NELSON LONG, HAMILTON, ONT.

The officials of the meet were:—-P. S. Wakeiie[d
(Chief Powder Monkey): W. T. Ely (Chief Young
Indian): R. M. Watson, Dominion Cartridge Co.),
and George R. Ginn, Winchester Repeating Arms Co.

The tournament which closed on July Ist, surpass-
ed in every respect any previously held. During
the pow-wow and fire dance officers tor the ensuing
year were elected as follows:—E. J. Marsh, Toronto,
high chief; George W. Tuckett, Yonkers, N.Y.; vice-
high chief: W. Ely, Toronto, high scribe (re-elected);
E. T. W. Salisbury (Toronto), W. P. Thomson (Ham-
ilton), William Hughes, (Toronto), E. R. Rolph (To-
ronto), F. W. Watson (Hamilton), Dr. G. Jordan
(Toronto), and A. E. Craig (Toronto), high council.

Special trophy winners were: Dr. G. Jordan, who
captured the Henry Butt Trophy, breaking 48 birds
out of 50, and the 25-bird double special, which was
a tie, J. E. Jennings and George Beattie breaking 43
out of 50 birds.

The Queen’s Royal Hotel Cup five-man team event
went to the Hamilton team No. 1 with the following
scores: Beattie 24, Long 24, Lennox 24, W. Thom-
son 23, and Sturt 24; total, 119. The Stanley team,
of Toronto, and Hamilton team No. 2 tied for sec-
ond place with 118 breaks apiece.

The scores for the regular 150-target event were
as follows: Tuckett 143, Craig 130, Wheeler 143,
Woodruff 118, Choate 132, Dunk 135, Payne 140,
J. Vance 131, Pow 122, Taylor 132, Ely 143, Vance
142, Turnbull 135. Houghton 139, Summerhayes
132, Vivian 141, Wakefield 138, Long 144, Harris
143. Thomson 137, Lewis 135, Matthews 109, Jordan
139. Glover 144, Serson 134, Sturt 147, Lennox 143,
Beattie 144, Watson 135, Goodale 131, Hogarth 133,
Salisbury 132, Rolph 123, Hughes 131, Marsh 98,
J. S. Boa 149, Mrs. Boa 119, Vandervoort 114, Mrs.
Johnson 106, Cashmore 141, Day 131, McCance 136,
Marshall 136, Hunter 133, Fletcher 134, McGillivray
121, Hodgson 106, Dillon 139, McMartin 86 (130
targets), Konkle 139, C. Summerhayes 138, Ward
138, Ederham 123, Bedwell 133, Harrison 132, Mason
70 (90 targets), Grayson 30 (40 targets), Wace 38
(45 targets), Nicolls 71 (90 targets), A. Tremble 101,
J. Tremble 106, Cline 110, Jennings 146.

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

Port Stanley Held Holiday Shoot July Ist, at
Blue Rock.

There was a good attendance from
Thomas and the surrounding district.
was Arthur Glover of Port Stanley, breaking 77 out
of 80. He also made the long run of 41. There was
also a good attendance of ladies present who spent
the afternoon with the shooters. Mr. McCausland’s
son who is only ten years old tried his first shooting
at Blue Rocks. He surprised all present by breaking
9 out of 10. Some shot for a boy of ten years!

The prize winners shot under Port Stanley Handi-
cap:—

Ist—Arthur Glover.

2nd—W. Vail.

3rd—B. Glover.

4th—Gibson.

5th—McCausland.

6th—Jordan.

7th—E. Carry.

8th—H. Taylor.

z 5-Man Team Shoot at 50.
Port Stanley. K. Hep.Total
Arthur Glo Vers.is.cc). abe secede eee eee 48 1—49

London, St.
The high gun

F. Young. . 32 6—38
B. Gary eee . 89 3—42
EE Dunne. .. wt “3—a7
C. Cromwell 36 © =©63--39
189
London Team. K Hep.Total
McCausland 44 Q—44
Jordans 2 42
Gibson 42) ay Pa
Be Glover! 2225 43 2 45
Bakere.ncin sets eee 3653 37
207
London won by 18.
Event At 25 Targets.
Arthur Gloweris.ic.isceccs hece.ttsesaueencecge 24
F. Young.... Sang 5"
By (Garrynan 19
Hy Dunn 17
C. Cromwell... 19
McCausland..... 23
Jordon............ 21
Gibson.... 19
B. Glover 21
Baker ee 19
Stone..... 18
Myers 22
Robinson........... BPA es: pe 20
GC. Hough. ae ee a
He Pavlor. ose ee pee
Stanton... O32 e ee ete SEL
22
19
16
17
20
20
24
17
20
17
17
21
21
23
22
17
19
23
14
19
14
21
16
23
17
14

Kingsville Gun Club Tournament.

The Kingsville Gun Club Tournament was held
on the Mettawas Park, Kingsville-on-the-Lake, June

27th. High average was won by J. W. Hart, Dresden
and S. G. Vance, Tilsonburg, with 166 x 175, each.
The other average prize winners were W. A. Smith,
Kingsville, and A. Thompson, Windsor, 165 each,
and A. F. Healy, Windsor, W. F. Stotts, Essex, Har
Smith, Chatham, and H. Hartford, Detroit, wit
161 each. ;
The King Trophy was won by S. G. Vance, with
50 straight, the runner-up being W. A. Smith with 49

RUD AND GUN IN ‘CANADA 343

High Claes

SPORTING OR TRENCH
BOOTS

They are being worn in the trenches
now, giving complete satisfaction. '

Our 309 Special is MADE BY HAND, on
a Boot-shaped Last, with patent stiffened
heel. SOLID COMFORT AND DRY
FEET INSURED.

PRICE $12 PER PAIR NET

Give following measurements:—
1. Length of foot, or size of ordinary boot worn.
2. Height required: 16 inch is regular height from sole of foot.
3. Size of calf. 4. Size of ankle.

MADE ONLY BY—

BEAL BROS., Limited

52 Wellington St. East, TORONTO, Ont.

Pleasure Outdoors This Summer—

Get one of these splendid little Rifles—FREE. It isn’t going to cost you any money—all

we want is a little of your 5 Raa time, and
holidays. Just think of
And here’s your chance.

$5.00 BOY SCOUT RIFLE—FREE

This Rifle is .22 calibre, shoots .22 short,
long or long rifle cartridges. Guaranteed for
either black or smokeless powder. Barrel
22 in. long. Weight 334 pounds. Hammer
breech block, trigger, extractor, and three
springs of tempered steel, are all the work-
ing parts. Barrel and action detachable
from stock for convenience in carrying.
All you have to do istosend us

ADDRESS:

you have surely lots of that after school or on

aving a real accurate-shooting .22 calibre Rifle of your own.

Five New Yearly Subscriptions To
“Rod and Gun in Canada”

at $1.50 per year, and we will ship this handsome
little rifle, all charges prepaid to any address in
Canadaor U.S.A. Ask your dad for the names of
some of his sportsman friends. Call around and see
them. Get them interested and they will be only
too glad to subscribe to Canada’s Leading Sporting
Magazine. Begin at once and send for Sample
Copies, Subscription Blanks, etc., today.

PREMIUM DEPT.

W. J. Taylor, Limited, Publishers, Woodstock, Ont.

344

The Special Prizes for high gun in each 50 targets

yrogram were won by J. W. Hart, A. Thompson
and Harry Smith.

The prize in the special event was won by W. A.
Smith, with 49 x 50.

T. W. Wigle, Kingsville, won the handsome china

of

Scores Made

Number of Targets. 15 15 20 15 15 20 15 15 20 25
S. G. Vance. 13 14 19 LS 15 18 14 15 18 25 175 166
H. Smith 14 13 17 15 14 18 14 15 19 22 iis 161
Cc. S. King. 14 12 18 14 15 19 13 13 18 22 175 158
A. Thompson... 14 14 17 15 14 20 15 13 19 ) 2a 175 165
W. C. Vale 12 15 19 14 11 18 13 13 19 24 175 158
EF PSS TINE UNE Soot cis daceusicas ocsenwerkocvaccaneotiroeateeerene 15 12 18 15 14 16 14 14 16 19 175 153
W. J. McCance 13 14 18 14 12 18 13 15 16 21 175 154
Ae FM eale yy. é..: dikes ficansnl tae 13 14 19 13 14 19 14 13 17 25 175 161
F. Canaver nl he 14 19 13 15 19 12 13 18 23 175 160
Geo. Dunk. ea Ty 15 19 14 12 15 15 13 18 22 175 158
W. A. Smrth:c. ca on ae 15 14 20 13 15 19 13 14 17 25 175 165
Theo. Wigle. re tkdccansaed sdcbelee koa ee eee 14 14 20 14 11 19 ll 13 18 25 175 159
Memoe” Wigle.. oon eaceccsc a eee 13 15 19 11 13 20 12 14 20 19 175 156
Jo Wh Bartel keke See 14 15 20 14 i 20 15 15 17 23 175 166
WR. Stet. 3 ees eee 15 15 19 14 12 19 14 13 17 23 175 161
Dr: Sharne:6 20th on ea eee i 13 10 yf | 10 11 16 150 102
A ET artiord 2c bo Stl- okie coe eee 14 14 20 13 13 17 12, 15 19 24 175 161
B.. Hartiord oo Se ee eee 12 a4 16 10 14 14 12 10 14 150 113
Mrs.) FE. Gonover: os a eS eee 10 14 15 12 12 14 11 7 13 150 108
A. Eastman 12 9 18 50 39
‘A. WMcDonslid i362 eee 13 13 19 14 13 17 13 pe 20 22 175 156+
Pre: Sltanke 323.5 ker ee 14 13 ilyé 12 12 18 14 14 19) 924 175 -> 157
A> Sherons oo 2 a eee 13 9 15 12 15 18 14 10 18 22 175 146
OE tOns es Ate ae ee 1i 13 19 21 75 64
Be Merchang. 22 oe Bol ee ee 13 10°19. Re 75 64
AAG AC SINS. 7.c0ce oe eh Sten ee : 17 20 17
*Professional.
Vancouver Gun Club Tournament. Holohan was next with 238 and Ted White, was third
Vancouver's trapshooting tournament, the most with 230. J. Bothroyd was second among the ama-

successful ever held under the auspices of the Van-
couver Gun Club, the pioneer organization of the
province, was concluded on the morning of July Ist
with Clarence McLean of New Westminster again
in possession of the Allan Cup, emblematic of the
scatter gun championsnip ef British Columbia, and
decorated with a solid gold medal, the gift of the
“local club. McLean, for the second consecutive sea-
son, carried off the provincial title in the registered
tournament, scoring 48 out of 50 in the champion-
ship event. Dr. Smith, Jimmy McIntyre and True
Oliver held their own with the champion in the first
string, but in the second 25 they dropped behind
McLean, who shattered 24.
Oliver Leads Amateurs.

True Oliver of Ladner led all the amateurs in the
two days’ shoot with an aggregate score of 234. In
the professional division Hugh Poston, the San Fran-
cisco expert, who has visited Vancouver on previous
occasions and always finished in front, again came
_into his own, leading both amateur and professional
divisions with a grand count of 241 out of 250. Pete

by Amateurs

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

and silver tea set, presented by W. J. McCance, St.
Thomas, for competition in a special handicap event
with 72x 75 from 20 yards.

Long run Dupont Bars were won by J. W. Hart with
52 and 60 and 3 G. Vance 58.

The following are the scores:—

and Professionals.
« 5

teurs with a score of 228. :

Pete Holohan set the pace for high runs with 71
straight. Ted White broke 52 in a row and Lou
Burtch registered 51.

The patriotic shoot was a great success, the sum
of $50 being turned over by Dr. Baker to the patriotic
fund. Mayor McBeath was on hand to start the
proceedings on the morning of the holiday, and he
started all hands by dropping the first bird. Accord-
ing to Dr. Baker well over 5000 birds were trapped
during the holiday. ga ee

-_... Visiting Trapshots Enthusiastic. _

Visiting trapshots were loud in their praise of the
able way in which the tournament was handled.

The results in the doubles competition follow:

Out of 48: Reid 19, 19-38; Baker, 16, 13-29. Out
of 24: Boston, 22; Keary, 19; Burnett, 18; Miller,
18; White, 16; W. Turnbull, 16; Trapp, 12; Bowers,
12; Maynard, 12; Black, 6. J

The tournament was held under the —— of
the Inter-State Association and the appended scores
will be registered with that organization.

Vancouver Gun Club, Ltd., Vancouver, B.C.—June 30th and July Ist, 1916.
Scores Made by Amateurs and Professionals

Special event
B.C. championship,
25 25 50

Number of Targets. 15 15 15 15 15
Wir tis) AINGKERNOCKGES . ne cs cc esc eeckeeeae Ist Day 11 14 at 12
2nd Day
1S Enel LIA cool eek lara Re i Be ae ere Ist Day 15 13 11 14 9
2nd Day 13 13 105 4 10
Fat iCe e ee. Ste ees ae ee es Is€ Day--13' 9 15 13 14>. JS. (Ae
2nd Day 14 13 14 15 wk 42
LS ECC et es eS ee Ss hk ON ist Day 1 11 j aaa ye) a I ees Poe
2nd Day 12 11 Sr 14: “AZ
PETES CARY 6 es en es Sef a ee eS Ist Day 11 or ADD S202 ees
2nd Daye. «10: -f2- i 40
TA. Wie Wall One eee. Sis eo Rote ote ie at ist Day 9
2nd Day
SS eer ee re ee ey Bed Sone Ist Day 9
2nd Day
Es BOWE Sco eee ek ee she era oan aia ben Ist Day
2nd Day 11 d3) S> 214755 40
| ESS Tey gers De at ee ae ke eee Ist Day
2nd Day 10 11 12 seh 12 34
Ts PRECISOT ee cr ee ec eet sna ors Ist Day
2nd Day 11 £0 11 10 8
©; (Dine wald= oc. fe ee ee ences Ist Day
2nd Day 11 9 8
FSW. Haslam:...c5 ie ee eee ee Ist Day
2nd Day 9 5 FA 4
Let OAS 3 hifi ene eres 1 ak al ae ist Day -
2nd Day .13 11 10-6125. FIG
HEF ersuson....3) 0 ote AS Ist Day
2nd Day i1 19: .) 142) 30 9
At Britton JP. oA ee ee ee oe Rte pak:
2nd Day 1 pers fr | 8

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

345

-

as

LANNEL
SHIRTS
are most essen-
tial for the out-
door life. Dea-
con Shirts are
made of the best
quality—in plain
greys-—blues —
khaki or fancy
Scotch flannels
—coat style or closed body—high mili-
tary collars attached or separate, or
with reversible collar.
With one or two pockets, made in
regular or over size—Fit and workman-
ship guaranteed.

Ask your dealer to show you ‘‘The Deacon ”’

DEACON SHIRT COMPANY

BELLEVILLE - CANADA 4

ae
ee

If you are in doubt as
to what to get for

the Coming Season

Or have your plans made and
want advice as to the most suit-
able craft for your requirements
write to the Lakefield Canoe Com-
pany, Limited.

Their Experience is
at your service.

THE LAKEFIELD CANOE COMPANY

LIMITED
LAKEFIELD, ONTARIO, CANADA

CATALOGUE ON APPLICATION |

FROSTCO COMBINATION

, ] 9xvtt
| ante BAIT

| S8init |
STEEL ROD

REINFORCED JOINTS,
FROST’S PATENT
LOCKING REEL SEAT,
GUARANTEED

A 9%
the following
styles :

First—9'4 ft. Regular Fly
Rod.

Foot Rod makes |
different |

Second—9 !/4 ft. Bait by re-
| versing the handle.
Third—6 ft. 8 in. Fly by
taking out the butt joint
and using the reducer

which is always in the
| butt of the rod.
lezcank Fourth—6 ft. 8 in. Bait by
| z reversing the handle,
} FU taking out the reducing
plug and putting in the ]
| other end of the handle. }

Fifth—7 ft. 2 in. Fly by us-

ing the butt joint and
second joint and the
short tip in place of the
long tip.

Sixth—7 ft. 2 in. Bait by

reversing the handle.

Seventh—4 ft. 4in. Fly by

placing the second joint
in the reducing plug and
using the short tip in
the second joint.

Eighth — 4 ft. 4 in. Bait

Casting by reversing the
handle.

| 4ft 4iN
| BAIT

These Rods are madein
lengths of 8ft., 8'44ft., 9
ft., 9144 ft. and 10 ft. when
put together regular with
the three long joints.

Price $3.00 Each

FLY RODS BAIT RODS

H. J. FROST & COMPANY

Mfrs. of Fishing Tackle, 90 Chambers St., New York

DEL-REY WOBBLER
For Casting or Trolling

All the efficiency of any wood minnow; more durable, casts
easier and more accurate as the air resistance is 75% less,

~4 5) a

; DEL- REY

Perfect wovbling movement. Imitating injured fish.

Size 3x 1 inches—1-16 inch thick. Nickel Plated, Polished
Brass or Copper. Price, 25c—at your dealer’s.
If your dealer hasn’t this in stock will forward to him, express paid.

Send for 28-page booklet, describing KELSO Tackle specialties,

H. J. FROST & CO., 90 Chambers Street, New York
Manufacturers of Fishing Tackle

346

W.

ize
Del Cooper
A.
E-
George Miller

as

. H. Hardigan

. R. Cronur....

. Cadham.......

W. Boultbee..... <

A. Humberstone

. Wintemute

. H. Trapp

Scott.

. Fisher.
. Oben

. Barclay

Pat SELON cle kaess

SOR. PRONG. <n cterne®

A Meintyre:.s:<.4<%:.

Brit bane soso oc cok

Olivers ee tyke

W. Maynard
G. White
Poston

Black

Dr. A. R. Baker
H.
E.
H.

Geo. Clinie

RODjJAND GUN IN CANADA

aS EO MCES thee e eto ON eee ten de oh

A.
1s
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C.
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Geo. Tropp....

cole se ile) Mlcaiielne) giocy ae Eyl

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. Dickinson........

. E. Peneston
. W. Britton
pat ROSS ree
. Edward...

. Armstead

. Banton

Evans.....

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Ist
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2nd

Day
Day
Day
Day
Day
Day
Day
Day
Day
Day
Day
Day
Day
Day
Day
Day
Day
Day
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13
11
12

10
10
14
13
10

10

14

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12

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13

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32
46

UL PAIN AOUIN

LIN UAINADIA

O41

CANADIS-SSY

FN Reli ey
GUIDE JoPRLACES
Ln five Up ( THEIR PROMISES

4

FISHERMEN, CANOEISTS, CAMPERS!

Algonquin Provincial Park, Ontario’s
3,000,000-acre Forest and Game Preserve is a virgin
Lakeland of 2,000 lakes and streams comparatively un-
fished. Rare opportunities for Live Game Photography.
2,000 feet elevation Immune from Hay Fever

Highest and Coolest Resort in Ontario

HOTEL ALGONQUIN

at Joe Lake Station is the Starting Point of the direct
canoe routes North and South through the Park.

The hotel affords every requisite and comfort for ladies
pede apemen, with fine Trout and Bass fishing close at

and.

Complete Outfitting and Provisioning Store, Canoe and
Boat Livery. Guides procured. Six hours from Ottawa,
eight from Toronto. Pullman service.

Tourists entering Canada do not require passports.

Information and booklet of

L. E. MERRELIL, Prest., Aigonquin Hotel and
Outfitting Co., Ltd., Mowat P. O., Ontario

The Favorite Spot

Gaspe Basin for Health Sport.

Charming resort for sportsmen and pleasure-
seekers. The vicinity affords beautiful scenery, fine
sea-bathing and unexcelled fishing. Guests have
the privilege of salmon and trout fishing in connec-
tion with the house. Salmon and trout fishing par
excellence. Best salmon fishing on Pool commenc-
es tirst week in June. Don’t miss the sport.

Opens

Baker’s Hotel Pens

So long and favorably known. offers first class
accommodation for tourists with all the comforts of
home. Has been greatly enlarged, up-to-date in
every respect. Rooms with baths, hot and cold
water. Tennis courts, croquet lawn, etc. Before
making your plans for the summer outing be sure
to write for terms and other information to

BAKER’S HOTEL, GASPE, QUE.

“Lake Panache’ Fishing Camp

A night’s run from Toronto. This is a private
camp in the wilds. Consists of Fishing and

Canoeing Trips in Virgin Waters. Black
Bass, Lake Trout, Pickerel and Pike. .
Parties of from five to ten accommodated. Terms

$5.00 per day. Guides, canoes, boats, meals and

sleeping quarters included.
Write for information and dates. Don’t forget that
September is the best month of the year in the woods.

For information write F, C, Frank, Room 217
Dominion Bank Building, Toronto, Ontario,

The Great Outside Is The Place
FOR BASS, MUSCALLONGE AND PICKEREL

Fish in the French and Pickerel Rivers. Good board,
comfortable quarters, fine canoe trips, daily mail. Camp-
ing parties outfitted. House boats, launches, boats and
canoes for rent. Get your ticket for Pickerel Landing
on the Canadian Pacific Ry. We meet you there. Write
for further particulars.

M. H. FENTON, Prop.

Wanikewin Hotel Wanikewin, Ontario, Canada

SALMON FISHING! I have made arranges

* ments with the Tobi-
que Salmon Club for the exclusive rights on the Little
Tobique or Nictau branch, which adds to my variety thirty-
five miles of the best available salmon fishing in New
Brunswick. I have six camps at different places along this
stream, the Bungalow being about in the centre, making the
use of tents unnecessary. Camps having been already
equipped I am prepared to handle parties during the sum-
mer months. Excellent salmon and trout fishing guaranteed.
ADAM MOORE, Prop., NICTAU CAMPS. P.O. Address:
Scotch Lake, N. B., Canada. Telegraphic Address: Freder-
icton, N.B., Canada. Moose, Caribou, Deer and Bear Hunt-
ing. First class service. Excellent Accommodation.

Automobile

Troubles and How to Remedy Them

By CHARLES P. ROOT

CONTENTS—Back firing, Blow-back of gas into carburetor, Popping noises, Buzz in
coil (other than contact breaker buzz), clatter and grind in gear box, Compression, faulty,
Compression, none, Explosions, Irregular or uncertain running, Metallic or puffing noises,
Misfires, Resistance slight when operating starting handle, Start, failure to, Steering er-
ratic, Stoppage of engine, Water escapes, Air lock, Batteries, Bearings, Bent axle, Brakes,
Carburation, Change Speed gear, Clutch, Coil, Connecting rod or crank shaft broken,
Contact breaker (High tension magneto), Contact maker, Knock in bearings generally or
in Transmission system. Leaks: Loss of power, Gear, Governor, Hunting, Ignition, Lub-
rication, Misfires, Muffler troubles, Noise, Overheating, Pipes burst out or fractured,
Piston troubles, Popping in carburetor, Pressure leaking (in case of pressure feed) Pre-
ignition, Short circuits. Spark plug, Steam bound or air lock, Steering, Supply pipe
choked, Tining, Tires, Valves, Valve springs, Water circulation, Wheels.

Prices: Flexible Leather..........$1.50 Cloth Binding

W. J. TAYLOR, LIMITED, PUBLISHER, WOODSTOCK, ONT.

348

OTS ON RE ee oR Ber SP np ane Ist Day 3 5
2nd Day
I ia ent Ee RS dire goo ee Ist Day 1 3
2nd Day
Cc. Ellis Ist. Day 4 4
2nd Day
NE as aa MMNIN TN 5 oF daisy diluc-< Aiavuy coven decvnaynw su hene tyxednnse tienen Ist Day 9
2nd Day
Geo. Baker Ist Day 3
2nd Day
Cc. Butt Ist Day
2nd Day
Dr. Smith Ist Day 1
2nd Day
Ist Day A7
*Professionals.
Merchandise Events.
B.C
Event Total ist Grand
: 15 15 15 15 15, 32>). gee 125 Day Total
J. -Reid, Vancouver. sian eee 13 15 14 14 11 21 23 111 108 —219
H. Cramer, Vancouver........... pay errr L 13 13 13 13 22 24 110 102 —212
J. Cadham, Vancouver BPE et Res eae oR PS A eeu 13 i i! 13 15 23 21 109 112. —221
J McIntyre; Vancottvert 27...) 2 eee eee 14 13 10° 4: 97 = 2a aes 107 97 —204
AS Pields Vancouver... .:...50 eee 13 15 15 14 14 ype! 117 104 —221
P. Holohan, Portland.... RP Rennie Sie aN Ae 8 15) 45 14 15° 25.9 22 117 —238
D. Cooper, Bellingham savjadswoubus Seow eae ad ae ee 15 11 14 15 13 24 23 115 108 —223
Aa Byitton, “Vancouver .22 a ee ee 15 13 14 13 13 19°). 20 > OF 114 —221
T. Oliver, Ladner. a tn ee 15 1 Sods 13) et 119 115 —234
J7 EA Rice? Bellingham]. 2 ae eee 14 13 14 15 15 19 23 113 112 —225
iG WicLean: Westminster}. eee ee 15 13 13 13 TO.) Soba 117 99 —216
G. Climie, Squamish.. 1 G43" AS: Se Doe Ones 101 —202
C. Bowers, Vancouver 10 11 13 10 TA Dae ee 102 99 —216
L. Burtch, Vancouver 13 15 15 14 13 20: - 22. 112 104 —216
Awe Baker iVancouvers. = oso 03 2 oo ee ee 14S > PAS i22- 03 ie 134" 7 19 100 100 —200
Fi, Miatynard. Vancouver. 65.4000 ee ee ie is 13 13 11 20° ik 105 97 —202 -
Pea WHITE RL GEONCO: oc) c ac ete ee Hea Bist) ei hang. 15 14° (25? 2a ag 113 —230
Fi Boston, oan Francisco...) <a wee*® AA 12— 1505-15 (8b Sb 2S eee eee
Wee cormbulls Westminster. ee ; 13 LOR Aa oes 13S 4228 0 106 106 —212
ug sootnroyars surrey Centre:...... 540.9002 see 13 15 13 15 14° 23- Boas 113. —228
eG y nine EMIStTONG:... So ek eee eo ee ee 14 13 eg - 15. “2S Se, pa 109 —221
See ECAD DS, MRES LURLDAEGT 25 hos. o8 5. 5.020. ceizsecsss eee 14° 43" “13 aS ee eee 97 —208
LETC Ye 12h Pa A oh a er ; SA np Renta aD ints De Tre me on 11 13 13 14 15 i ES ae" 106
MIOLELCEC WE einOnast. 2 oS Se ree SA a ee 10 11 12 11 12 19 15 90
P. Wintemute, Westminster. ..........00.......0..ccccseeeeeeeeeeee Sg. Oe Aa 1 9 Fa ai he fan I 87
Ae hate tl =~ WV CSEIINISCCIS 5 ioc... o5-.0002--checeteauete vce 12 13 13 13 19 19 89
P. Keary, Westminster................%1....... 12 10 12 11 22 18 85
ET Esernen. SV AnCONVEL |... -... 13 13 10 11 10 57
Pe ERAGK.S VANGUIV ER, co. <-6 20 scsiitanac esse 12 10 12 11 12 57
J. W. Pattison, Vancouver 11 1 10 10 8 50
Piuncall!s Vancouver ees Se. 11 9 8 7 6 41
ERAS OWT WAM COUV CE: ore cao cece ee 9 5 2 5 4 25
Eivde-obrasern) MINS 6s pen en. he tet 13 > Std 10° 412 10 56
RELLUsONS SICAMGUS + Sts eS eae 1l 125 2409) - a2 10 52
WY eIW oe bonultbee. Vancouver. nc. 2.20.3 ccesechessce oe 13 13 10 12 10 58
Be Burnett. Jc. .o ancouven ee i? O08 9 14 12 58
Dr. Smith, Westminster..... 24 2s 47 — 47
eee Dickerson; (Ladner e: se. 25 21 22 43 43

. Own Your Own'
Did you ever loan your tooth brush? The chances
are you will say ““NO!’’ There are other things you

own—really intimate personal belongings which you
would not think of loaning, yet occasionally it happens
that a man will borrow a rifle, shotgun or other firearm
from a friend which is that friend’s most treasured
possession, keep it for two or three weeks and return
it in almost hopeless condition, owing to rust and ne-
glect. It is well to be generous—a man should not be
stingy with his possessions, but when it comes to fire-
arms it is well to make a hard and fast rule not to lend
them. Many a good friendship has been broken up
because of this and the reason is easy to find—there is
considerable difference sometimes between a man’s
ability to shoot a gun and his willingness to take good,
tonscientious care of it.

At trap shooting clubs it is a common practice for
men to borrow each other’s guns, and I do not wish
you to think for a minute that I condemn this practice.
It is a very good idea and is very helpful if a man has a
gun which does not exactly suit. great many men
break into the game with a gun borrowed ia this way.
The difference in this case is that the shooter only lends
the gun for a string or two of targets and the actual
care of the gun remains in the hands of the owner.
Possibly I am over-fussy on this matter, still 1 am con-
vinced that when a man comes to you to borrow your
own rifle or shotgun, which happens to be the pride of
your heart and the apple of your eye, you will save
time and cuss words by buying a new gun for him.
(A. P. Lane in Target Tij;'s.)

AND GUN IN CANADA

* Professionals.

How to Clean Your Gun.

There are two methods used for cleaning a gun barrel
The first is the hot water treatment, but it should-enly
be used if your supply of powder solvent is exhausted
and you are far from a store. Boiling water is an ex-
cellent solvent for the harmful ingredients of fouling.
When poured down your barrel, it removes acids that
may be present and carries away the various residues
which are obviously more soluble in water than in oil.
The hot water treatment, however, is very dirty and
inconvenient when carried out on a small scale, and has
the objection of not, as a rule, being available immed-
iately after shooting, and unless you are careful to
protect your stock and fore-end, you may injure these
wood parts. If possible, you should secure a_ good
lubricant solvent and rust preventive. A small
well saturated with an oily, non-corrosive mixture 0}
this sort, pulled through the rifling = and again,
will keep your arm in prime condition, if used after each
day’s shooting. One very simple and effective way to
clean your comparatively new arm is to moisten the
interior of the barrel by blowing through and rubbin
out with soft rags. The process should be continuec
until the rags come out perfectly clean—then oil
thoroughly. All arms should be cleaned within two
hours after shooting. No gun should be set aside or
placed in the gun rack until thoroughly cleaned.

Interstate Association Booklet.

The Interstate Association have issued their booklet
of Registered Tournaments for 1916. This booklet
contains important registered tournament information
entirely different from former issues and of great in-
terest to trap shooters.

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 349

MA

7 MADE IN

Tee)
ee es DWWWH Lh

ALWAYS SMART -

CANADA

HAVE THE CORRECT “DOMESTIC” FINISH AND DULL TEXTURE OF THE FINEST

LINEN COLLARS. QUICKLY CLEANED BY USING SOAP AND WATER WITH

SPONGE OR CLOTH. SAVE YOU MONEY. NO LAUNDRY BILLS TO PAY.
— FIRST COST IS THE LAST AND ONLY COST —

AT YOUR DEALER’S, OR DIRECT FROM US. COLLARS 25c each- CUFFS 50c ee.

WRITE FOR NEW STYLE BOOK

IGG AAA A.A_ A A-A-yAgAQ-qQAgpj}.] Ag AAAAAOAAAAAAAAA AMAA aanananmmumwUAaAaaaili\’_”:E

on Sepa ea eiccgnor x

as
| Songs of Forest
(SS EE ee oe ee '\
\)
and Stream
N —By C. T. EASTON \
\
A Fine Little Collection of Poems - a2 .
\ for the Nature Lover and Sports- : t ¢*
\ man, Including the Following: \ $50 GoLD PRE

——]
OF A MINNOW IN ACTION ¥

er; The Fisherman’s Dream; A Morning’s
Walk: Winter; The Sanctuary: The Last GD casting: appeals Note Variety of one
mateurs or professionals. 00.
of the Buffaloes; A Nimrod; Hunting | being behind body of bait make it by J. K Rush (Patantenlak
the Moose; A Summer Morning; In Ar- | practically weedless. Floats when Pulaski, N.Y Catchofthree
cady; Wanderlust; The Fullness of Joy; a seine oo Cen Homeona, 0 Le emia nou nese
2

By many record catches proven a_ 4 1b. large mouth bass, two

\a
The Trout Stream; Lines on a Mayflow-

Halcyon Days; Plovers: The Death of sensational killer for all kinds of % 1b. northern pike, one 10
\] in. perch and one 36 in.
Summer; A Flower of the W ild; Pontiac's game fish. muskalonee.

Speech. Trade Wark
Neatly bound and moderately priced at R U S H T ango Aa i N Mt OW
\

15c a copy. Orders received and given (PATENTED JUNE 23, 1914 AND DECEMBER 22,1914)
prompt attention by the publishers. Madeof wood, enameled and finished in brilliant colors. Packed
in neat, compact box, in White, red head; White, yellow and
green mottled back; Yellow, red head; Yellow, red and green mot-
tled back. Our ‘Radiant’ Bait glows at night.

\
| Write today Jf your dealer can’t supply you, d us his
W. i fe TAYLOR, LIMITED \ for details ieee and d $1.00 for aple - $4 For corinlele
of $50.00 set of four assorted brilliant colors.
Woodstock, Ont.
\
o

go Id Prize Dealers this proposition is big. Write for
Offer. special offer, giving your jobber’s name.

U.S. Specialty Company, 944S A.& K. Bidg., Syracuse, N-Y.

oS SS eee

EH E-SERIES SE SEE. em ce of

}
aN S leading sportsman’s magazine, ‘“‘Rop AND
e Uu ture 0 ac Gun” is being besieged by requests for information, the
result of the interest created by the splendid articles
that have appeared in recent issues.

e
and Silver Foxes To meet this demand, the publishers are issuing the articles
By R.B dL in book form, in which enthusiasts are given valuable and
y R.B.and L. V. hitherto unknown information about foxes, under the’ tol-
Croft, B.A., M.D. ioe heads; Introduction, Heredity, Origin, Breed-
ing, Mating and Gestation, Pens and Dens, Food and
Feeding, Food and Care, Value.

The volume is peraetd illustrated with pictures taken i
iy

doubtless be eagerly received by everyone

- + Ww
W. Lp Taylor Ltd., Publishers | aise a ae prc‘ ‘able raising of this valuable animal.
WOODSTOCK - ONTARIO

Mailed to any address upon receipt ot price—60c postpaid.

SE Of > SS S-) < -{-S )-< -C-{) D-« -ED -GE-)-< ) D-1)-

FOR SALE, WANT AND
EXCHANGE DEPT.

ACCESSORIES

FOR SALE—Set of Electric automobile lamps, two side
and one tail. Never been used. Box L. ROD AND GUN
Woodstock, Ontario. TF

ANTIQUE FIREARMS

ANTIQUE pistols, blunderbus-
ses, cross bows, fine perfect.
Armour, swords, daggers. No

catalog. Good photos. State
rejuirements. len, The Fa-
cade, Charing Cross, London,
Eng. PAP

Buy, sell, exchange all sorts old-time and modern
Firearms, Stephen Van Rensselaer, Antiques, 22 East
34th St., New York. 6 12T

BOATS AND CANOES.

FOR SALE—16 foot, 31 inch beam, 12 inch depth canoe,
close rib, metallic joint, basswood, half-round ribs 1 1-8 in-
ches apart. Copper fastened, varnished inside and out.
All oak gunwales. Weight about 65 Ibs. ‘This canoe is
absolutely new. For price, etc., write box E. Rod and Gun,
Woodstock, Ont. tf

Motor boats, second hand, very attractive prices, send
for list. Ditchburn, Gravenhurst. 81

BIRDS AND ANIMALS.

FOR SALE—Best
Canada wild geese.
Edward Island.

WANTED—Live baby bear cubs, any color. 3 fisher,
one male and two female, Sandhill cranes, wild geese, etc,
Portage Wild Animal Co., Portage la Prairie, Man. 5 2T

uality ranch raised mink, also
Nelson Waldron, Tyne Valley, ee

DOGS.

FOR ate exceptionally high class Irish Water
Spaniels 5 months old, by Champion Imported Bally-
aller Mike ex Lady Venus she litter sister to Hooker Oak
Hogan, winner at the last San Francisco Show. What
better do you want. Get busy. Guaranteed. H. R.
French, Wetaskiwin, Alta.

FOR SALE—Splendid Llewellin English, Irish, Gordon
setter pups and trained dogs, pointers, spaniels and re-
trievers in pups and trained dogs. Enclose stamp for
description. Thoroughbred Kennels, Atlantic, Iowa. tf

TRAINED HOUNDS—Norwegian bearhounds,
Irish wolf hounds . Blood hounds, Foxhounds,
Deer, Cat, Wolf and Coon dogs. Absolute guar-
antee, trial allowed; purchaser alone to judge, no
esbOrs asked, money refunded. Fifty-page
illustrated catalogue five-cent stamp. Reckwore

t

The Blue Grass Farm Kennels of Berry, Ky., offer for
sale setters and pointers, fox and cat hounds, wolf and deer
hounds, coon and opossum hounds, varmint and rabbit
hounds, bear and lion hounds. Also Airedale terriers.
Ali dogs shipped on trial, purchaser alone to judge the
neste. Satisfaction guaranteed, or money refunded.

6 page illustrated, instructive and interesting catalogue for
ten cents in stamps or coin. 7 tf

Kennels, Lexington, Ky.

AIREDALES—Now is your chance to get a good puppy,
either sex, fully registered, and satisfaction guaranteed or
money refunded. Werunallrisk. From $15 up, Dufferin
Kennels, Shelburne, Ont.

Advertisements will be
inserted in this Department
Send re-

at 4c. a word.
mittance with order. Copy
should not be later than
the 10th of the month.

BOOK ON

DOG DISEASES
And How to Feed

Mailed free to any address by
the Author

H. CLAY GLOVER CO., Inc.

America’s
Pioneer
Dog Remedies | 118 West 31st Street, New York

cured or

MANGE—£<2e™2: ear canker, — oitre,
money refunded; Prepaid $1.25. Eczema
Remedy Co., Hot Springs, Ark., U.S.A. 212T

AIREDALES FOR. SALE—E€xceptionally high class
puppies ready for eee sire, Stormy-Weather, dam,
Topsy-Turvy. Write for booklet if interested. B Wel-
bank, Quill Lake, Sask.

FOR SALE.—Exceptionally high class fox hound pup-
pies ready for delivery. Apply Clarence Mc. Brodie,
Glanworth, Ont. 81T

FOR QUICK SALE.—Black, white and tan foxhound,
4 years old, two seasons on deer, a snap for $10.00. D

M. Wilson, Woodstock, Ont. § ie
WANTED.—Female beagle hound from six months to
year old. Geo. Vandewater, Corbyville, Ont. 81T

FOR SALE.—Pedigreed English Beagle pups old enough
to train in the fall. KR. A. Richardson, Chatham, se
1

Foxhounds, rabbit dogs, coon dogs, young and grown
erack at lowest prices. Fr. W. Probst, Box 60 Linwood,
nt.

ENGINES AND LAUNCHES.

FOR SALE—Marine Engines, two cycle, two, three and
four cylinder, also 2 cylinder 4 cycle. All new. Write for
further particulars stating horse power required, to box L.
ROD AND GUN, Woodstock, Ont. T

FOR SALE—23ft. Semi speed launch, beam 4 feet
3 inches, finished ready for engine. This is a new launch,
now ready for delivery. For further particulars, etc.,
write Box F. Rod and Gun, Woodstock, Ont. tf

FOR SALE—Semi Speed Square, or Round Transom
and Compromise stern Hulls, finished ready for engine, up
to 30 ft. length. New. Will sell cheap. Box A. Rod and
Gun in Canada. Woodstock, Ont. TF

FISHING TACKLE.

FOR SALE—Frog and Minnow Bait, Weedless Hooks,
Line Drying Reels, Landing Nets, etc., etc. Write for free
Kst. Box L. ROD AND GUN, Woodstock, Ont.

FOR SALE—Several Fly and Trolling Rods, absolutely
new. Will sell cheap. Box L. ROD AND GUN,
Woodstock, Ont. TF

MAKE YOUR OWN FLIES to fish with. Let me show
you how. Write W. R. Taylor, 16 ave. East Burnaby,
New Westminster, B. C. 8 1T

GUNS
FOR SALE—Brand New 1911 Model Winchester Auto-
matic 12 guage shot gun. _ Six shots, straight stock, full
choke. egular $55. Will sell for $42. Guaranteed in
as perfect condition as the day it left the factory. Box 70,
Rod and Gun, Woodstock, Out.

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

351

GUNS.

GUNNERS—A BARGAIN.—Mullins_ sheet metal
“Bastle Duck Boat,” 46 inch beam, 14 ft. long with stand-
ards for attaching grass blinds, 1 pair oars, euaddle, 1 pole,
canvas gunwale and keeper, also two-wheeled cart for con-
Veving boat. Everything is new shape. Cost over $50.00,

sell for $30.00. 1 doz. Mallard, 1 doz. Redhead,
20 Blue Bill wood decoys, carved and painted by a profes-
sional, absoluteiy in new condition. Half males and fe-
mates. Price 65 cents each. The duck shooter wishinga
bargain will buy these now. Robt. Hodgson, Raglan, Ont.

FOR SALE.—English hammerless double barrel 12 Gun
by Webley & Scott 30 x 7144 x 14% x 2, in fine condition,
$30.00. J.S. McBride, Kingston, Ont. 81T

FOR SALE—Fine imported three barrel hammerless,
12 gauge; left modified, right full, Rifle 32-40 perfectly

accurate. Cost $135. Practically new. Will ship any-

where in Canada C.O.D. subject to examination. Price

$38. H.L. Felt, Findlater. Sask. 81T
SPECIALS.

FOR SALE—One of the best known wholesale and retail
bait manufacturing businesses in America. Hundreds
of dollars worth of orders on hand. Will sell for less than
profits. A few hundred dollars placed in this business will
pay well. No time to answer curiosity seekers, so do not
answer unless you are prepared to act if proof is furnished.
Lock Box No. 241, Stanwood,Iowa.

FOR SALE—Waterproof clothing consisting of Hunting
Jackets, men’s and boys’ sizes, Women’s skirts, ladies’
and men’s hats. Al] new. Will sell cheap. Box C. Rod
and Gun, Woodstock, Ont.

FOR BIG GAME HUNTING AND ALPINING in the
mountains of Central British Columbia; by pack train.
You are sure of good sport in my section. Joe La Salle,
Mountaineer, Hunter and Guide. McBride, B. C. 25T

FOR SALE—Several Beers Thermostats. This is an
automatic apparatus for opening and closing the dampers of
your furnace, hot water heater, or steam boiler, at exactly
the moment when they should be opened or closed. thur
keeping the temperature of your house uniform through
every hour of the day and night. Savescoal. Saves worry.
These Thermostats can be instalfed by anyone who can
handle a hammer. screw driver and auger. Write for fur-
nd particulars to Box L., ROD AND GUN, rae

n

G. M. SKINNER’S
FAMOUS FLUTED SPOON BAITS

100 Varieties and Sizes

Send for Catalog No. 47
describing New Baits.

CLAYTON, N.Y.

SPECIALS

ECZEMA Psoriasis, cancer, goitre, tetter, old
: sores, catarrh, dandruff, sore eyes,
rheumatism, neuralgia, stiff joints, itching piles: cured or

money refunded. _ Write for particulars. Prepaid $1.25.
Eczema Remedy Company, Hot Springs, Ark.

FOR SALE—Finest speckled trout eggs, fry, fingerlings,
etc., at the private hatchery of Dr. A. R. Robinson, Silver
Creek, Caledon. Address, A. R. Robinson, Claude, Ont.

SALMON POOL TO LET OR FOR SALE.—Very good
salmon pool, in the Matapedia river, close to the Inter-
colonial railway Station, at Causapscal. Apply to M. P.
Laberge, Notary and Manager of the Provincial Bank of
Canada, Val-Brillant, Que. 81T

FOR SALE.—Good paying general store business in
New Ontario, ideal place for one who is tond of fishing and
big game hunting. Apply box 70 Rod and Gun, Woodsioey

nt.

Practical man, unmarried preferred, as partner duck
and poultry farm; ideal location, good market. Excellent
sport abounds. Revenue from sportsmen. Must have
ee Particulars from box 100 Rod and Gun, Miobdstachs

nt.

TAXIDERMY AND TANNING
FOR SALE—Pair white swans, fully mounted. Will

acl cheap for cash. Box L., ROD AND GUN, Woodstock
nt.

FOR SALE—Moose Head, fine specimen excellent con-
eaten: Apply Box L., ROD AND GUN, PRs
nt.

FOR SALE—Handsome Moose Head. Apply Box ae

ROD AND GUN, Woodstock, Ont.

FOR SALE—Mounted Elk, Caribou, black and white
tail deer, Rocky Mountain sheep and goat and bear heads.
Beautiful specimens, newly mounted by myself. Write
me for full particulars. Edwin Dixon, Canada’s Leadin
Taxidermist, Unionville, Ontario. 12,

_,.FOR SALE—Two large mounted moose heads, 54 and 50
inches spread of horns, heads of the highest class, perfect
in every way. No better ornament obtainable for a
gentleman’s office, home or club. Edwin Dixon, Taxi-
dermist, Unionville, Ontario. 11 TF

Mounted Moose Heads

in excellent condition

Bargain for quick sale. Box 41, Rod and
Gun, - - WOODSTOCK, ONTARIO

For Every Camper—Fisherman—Hunter

THE WAY OF THE WOODS

A Manual for Sportsmen in North-Eastern
United States and Canada. . .

A PRACTICAL Field Manual intended to form a part of the kit of every Camper

I _ It contains concise, thorough and authoritative information on
every subject connected with life in the Woods, such as Outfitting, Fishing, Shooting,
Canoeing, Tenting, Trapping, Photography, Cooking, Hygiene, Etc.

Fisherman and Hunter.

“Excellent practical directions and advice.’”’-—N. Y. Sun.
80 Illustrations.

W. J. TAYLOR, LTD., Publisher

436 Pages. Pocket Size.

By EDWARD BRECK

Price $1.75 Post Paid.
- Woodstock, Ont.

ROD AND GUN

IN CANADA - $52

PREMIUMS FOR NEW SUBSCRIPTIONS |

We are desirous of adding 1000 new subscriptions to our lists and in order to ac-
complish this we make the following generous offers. —

For One New Subscription

A single action, raised pillar, rivetted
brass reel with click, 80 yds.; A Standard
waterproof Bass Line, 10 yds.; A Mackerel
waterproof line, 25 feet; A Kelso Pearl
Spoon Bait; A Sullivan Hook and Reel
Guard; A Williams’ Battery Switch; A
Finger Grip for fishing rods; A Fish Hook
for Frog Bait; Two Rubber Grips for fish-
ing rods; A Matchless Cigar Lighter.

For Two New Subscriptions

A Betzler & Wilson Fountain Pen; A
copy of “‘Radford’s Garages and How to
Build Them”; A Vest Pocket Flashlight;
A Stag Brand Landing Ring; A copy of
Deadfalls and Snares, a book of instruction
for trappers about these and other home
made traps; A Copy of Canadian Wilds,
tells about the Hudson’s Bay Co., Nor-
thern Indians and their modes of hunting,
trapping, etc.; A Copy of Steel Traps,
describes the various makes, and tells how
to use them, also chapters on care of pelts;
A copy of Camp and Trail Methods; A copy
of Science of Fishing; A copy of Fox Trap-
ping—Tells how to trap, snare, poison and
shoot; A copy of Mink Trapping—Gives
many methods of trapping; A copy of Wolf
and Coyote Trapping; A copy of Science of
Trapping—Describes the Fur bearing
animals, their nature, habits and distribu-
tion with practical methods of their
capture; A copy of Fur Farming—A book
of information on raising Furbearing ani-
mals, telling all about enclosures, breeding
feeding, habits, care, etc.; A Grease Gun
manufactured by Miller & Starr; An Oil
Gun manufactured by Brown Co.; A Gem
Razor Safety; An American Perouse
ter—Regulates to step and registers exact
distances; A copy of The Camper’s Own
Book (cloth) ; A copy of, “Motor Craft
Encyclopedia”; A copy of “The Culture of
Black and Silver Foxes”—Contains chap-
ters on Heredity, Origin, Breeding, Mating
and Gestation, Pens and Dens, Food and
Feeding, Food and Care, Value.

For Three New Subscriptions
A Landing Net manufactured by All-
cock, Laight & Westwood; A Line Drying
Reel; A Pair of Elliott’s Ear Protectors for
Trap-Shooters and Sportsmen; Three
Crow Decovs, A New Wonder Flashlight.

| Subscription Dept, Rod and Gun in Canada, Woodstock, Ont. :

manufactured by Canadian Electric No-
velty Co., Toronto. Case made of metal
covered with leatherette; One half dozen
Stag Brand Rubber Frogs or Froggies;
One of Walter’s hand-made axes, handled.
Length of handle, 14 inches; A copy of
Camp Kits and Camp Life.

For Four New Subscriptions
A pipe—HBB brand; An Automatic
Razor Stropper; A copy of Modern Sport-
ing Gunnery.

For Five New Subscriptions
A Tobin Boy Scout Rifle—22 calibre,
short, long or rifle cartridges. Barrel 22
in. long, weight 334 pounds.

For Six New Subscriptions
A Minnow Pail manufactured by All-
ie Laight & Westwood; A Thermos
Bottle.

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Woodstock, Ontario, September, 1916

Publishers are warned not to reprint contents, whoillp or in part, without full credit attached.

SEPTEMBER CONTENTS

Two eo of Wild Ducks—One with the baiear and One with The Gun
....Bonnycastle Dale
Reginald Cony
Duck Mays, on: Pith Meadows «0.0 ....00.05 Gael de .A. R. Ellis
A Bit of Selkirk Bush Paul A. W. Wallace
With Dad in the Forests of Northern anaes yy NS ue _Leo Vaesen
Fisheries Of The North .. Rss A UNCON Beatie Aiaeres oS) SUE >
A Partridge Hunt in Nova Scotia. “*Nova Scotian”
De TOLNC Vy et a CU rpm hers a a Ge a
The Two Hunters... SE eo COREE et Pe IRE SOR PURMP ROBE UY APTA YEO ey
Duck Flighting.... Euavay its sca tte Moen hc be Neat es ca ad aciad -B. C. Tillett
A Northern Fishing Tnp.... LPN EN Re APN VALE Jack Livingston
A Goose Hunt... BE ANTE ACERS LS aU RR A CORRS _..Harold R. Hurd
Goblins... FORA UWE COIR ANNA Re eer
Rambles of a Canadian Naturalist... Loe UNA DN he
John Ross: Trader for the Hudson’s s Bay ( Fea cv ee a Ce Ralph “Harris
Fox Hunting Without Hounds... yi aN Man panne eruLiee, OPMEP: CNP Oy ei)
Conservation... ABACEBRI DIL A boEC nV ety ter test antag rea) TUN tang Wa.)
Grizzly Bear Cubs... TSA IN oh UR eM ain MEE IUCR Dg SWIC: “King
Fishing Notes... ie aN AD AL ie A REN Robert Page Lincoln
The Man and The ‘Bear... C. H. Hamillon
Game Preservation in the Dominion Parks F. H. H. Williamson
Special Bulletin From The Commission of Conservation
Guns and Ammunition
Arms That Helped to Shove the Frontier off the Map.....0.. 0000.00.00...
Can Northern Ontario Bush Fires Be Prevented
The Kennel... ot
Our seed Box..
The Trap..
Our Medicine Bag...

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TWaAVd NV “Id LV ALUYVd ONIHSIA ATINVA V
‘oD Anmpinyy 91f190q uvippuDy fisoj.in0 y ; 3

rete nt

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WOODSTOCK, ONT., SEPTEMBER, 1916

TWO BAGS OF WILD DUCKS—ONE |

WITH THE CAMERA AND ONE
WITH THE GUN

Bonnycastle Dale

HOSE dusky Mallards, com-

monly called the Black Duck,

are shy elusive birds. Although
there are fully an hundred pairs breed-
ing on this good old Rice Lake during

_ the Spring months Fritz and I hardly
ever see them (I should have written
this in the past tense as the clever
young man who so often planned with
me and obtained pictures of the finned,
furred, and feathered ones of this great
drowned land country is now at the
front fighting for his fellow Canadians,
the readers of this magazine. I still
call him Fritz, the name is common in
Belgium, Holland, Northern France
and Switzerland—we will not let the
savage Hun claim it, and I trust his
example will lead some of his readers

to enlist—for if ever there was a volun-

_ tary offer Fritz’s was—he had every-
_ thing to stay here for, health, happi-
hess a wild outdoor life crowded with
joyful experiences each day in over-
flowing measure, no family ties of wife
or child to bind, far off from even the
recruiting sergeant. _ As none of you
know him, save as Fritz, I send his
last camp picture. The lad is cover-

_ ing up his canoe with brush ere he
_ leaves. Well! to return to happier
_ days and scenes.—On many an island,
_ up many a drowned land creek our
silentcanoesped. Silently we stepped
ashore and very carefully we stepped

mY

_ too, as the nests of these big fat Black

353

ducks are often found among the

poison ivy, and so carefully are they
covered with the interwoven mass of
breast feathers and dry leaves that
one might inadvertently step right into
it. .
“Look!” called Fritz, in a low voice.
My eyes followed his extended finger
and there, right under a black oak,
surrounded with waving fern fronds,
in a perfect circle of white Trilliums
sat a big Black Duck, her clear brown
eyes searching us for a sign of danger,
closely searching to see if we had ob-
served her. Step by step we backed
away until we were fully fifty feet
distant, then I slowly raised the bin-
oculars and watched—The foxy old
lady sat as if graven from stone for
some seconds longer, then very care-
fully and deliberately lowered her
head into the ferns and stepped
mincingly off the nest, her snake-like
neck making two or three swift mo-
tions as she covered the eggs with the
interwoven mass of her breast fea-
thers and the last year’s dried fern
fronds. Then creeping away like a
big rat she ran down a path in the
undercover and took wing off the edge
of the bank, a good fifty yards from
the nest. It was hard for us to find
it although we thought we knew the
exact spot. No crow or hawk flying
overhead would ever have noted
it. Weasel or mink would have passed

Re

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

FRITZ, NOW A SOLDIER LADDIE, COVERING UP HIS CANOE WITH BRUSH
AS HE LEAVES CAMP

it unseen, but the nest odour was
there alas! to attract them. Have you
ever thought, Brother Sportsman, of
the intense fear and anxiety of these
nesting wildfowl? Have you ever
picked one up and felt the wildly
fluttering heart, seen the intensely
alarmed eyes, heard the wild call so
swiftly given? All the neighboring
scenes, the air, the earth, the water—
is filled with countless enemies, and
of all these she should dread the
sneaking sparrow most. Yes even
our sweet songster, the Song Sparrow.
I have seen it creeping along, hop-
hop-hop, like some wee wood-mouse
until it came to the nest then, al-
‘though we drove it off several times,
it managed, before the day was over,
to peck into every one of the fourteen
big greenish white eggs of the Black
Duck.

Week after week Fritz and I follow-
ed the fortunes of this one female.
Her first clutch of fifteen eggs were
eaten by sparrows. She instantly
made a depression in the island bank
side and laid her sixteenth egg and
then she built a nest about it. Soon

her second string of eggs, or rather the
last of the first string, came along and
she started to set on four eggs in late
May. I think squirrels or crows got
these out of the more exposed nest and
she left it, and built a proper nest in
some tall growing poison ivy. We
often approached within six feet of her
nest without flushing her. Here she
sat during the broiling heat of early
August, before she brought out seven
downy green fluffy youngsters that
could scurry and run and hide before
they were dry from the shell. She
got these (seven out of thirty-five
eggs, if she raises four of the seven
she will do well) down to the shore-
line. The day was perfectly calm and
Fritz and I were watching her with
strong glasses. Into the smooth
glassy lake she stepped; out from the
shore scurried her wee brood—then.
something alarmed her. “Quack” she
went, down dived the dark green
youngsters and, although we watched
intently over the smooth water, not a
single wee head made a circle, not
once did a body appear, but as if they

had been so many fish they com- ~

e
she had then safely convoyed as
“watched her slowly swimming
ross the are water for the mile dis-

tant marsh

Nowit is almost September. These
_ faithful mothers have guarded and
fed the young, slowly moulted their
old feather coat, and have been joined
by the male in his new plumage. All
through the drowned lands and the
great wild rice beds they have roamed
_ undisturbed, so the lad and I think
itis about time to get a picture of this
‘ interesting family. Behold me then
seated in the bow, with Fritz pad-
dling silently in the stern seat, so
silently that we can approach closely
nearly all the things we hunt. The
wild rice is now a tall standing grain,
waving its tasseled heads above us in
the canoe as we carefully press through

‘laments the lad. Personally I did not ay:

Taken totally unawares I acted in- ~

“It's in this cote

whispers the excited lad.
bird is near me, yet, used as I a
the work, I cannot find it. I know
sitting with bill pointed skyward
motionless as the surrounding w
grain. “There—now it’s gouela

care as I have many films of thi
“‘nile-driver’’—‘‘quack”’—“‘quack” —
“quack” sounded immediately ahead a
and up sprang two big Black ducks.

voluntarily and got a fair picture in
the big Reflex-Graflex. Be.

The best Black duck picture I ob- _ * ,
tained is the one presented herewith.
We had just left Camp Migration for __
a paddle through the wild rice beds. — i ‘s
It was the last day of August. To--
morrow these quietly feeding wild
fowl were to have the surprise of their

____ these wondrous water farms. “Quack! lives. Of course it is always well to be ee
- —*“*Quack’—hbirds feeding right ready in this world of surprises—soI
4 : ey 310

ak Bi

e. ei:
vie
‘Dy } f if

| &, y eee
Be | ais EE % = ; '
f . ye
é BLACK DUCKS LEAPING FROM THE WILD RICE BEDS i :
io
ahead—Yes! and the marsh sentinels, focused the big machine, get the cur-

___ the Red-winged Blackbirds go flutter- tain at 1-8th, 1000 speed, and a

co pine ahead warning all the sundry that ‘“‘Quack”’ “clang” duck and machine
the big green shelled thing with two . spoke almost together, and [had the —
’ . heads and four arms, for such they eleven leaping Black Ducks well re-
: must think it is, is coming this way. gistered on the sensitive film. I find
"4 “See that Bittern” whispers Fritz. that this work becomes almost in- —

4 but vainly I scan the rice, the lilypads,
Bh 3 uphe distant scene—

voluntary. Just as you snapshot with
a gun, so you snapshot with a camera.

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

ONE MAN CANNOT CARRY 16 DUCKS

Well! omitting the dangers by flood
and fire and field, I have eleven Black
- Ducks always with me, yet the eleven
are free and uninjured by my sport
with them.

t Late September—scene, the same
wild rice bed. Now I have a photo-
graphic hide rigged up in the thrashed
wild grain, for the Missisaugas have
gathered in their mid-lake_ harvest.
As I am within legal bounds I have
my decoys out and picture or shoot
as need and fancy bid me. The
morning is hot and still, just the
morning not to get ducks. I have
only had one solitary chance, a big
Black duck, passing up the lake espied
my decoys and gave that soul stirring
squealing ‘‘quack” of the young bird.
“Quack”? I counterfeited as well as I
could and, with a long slow curve, she
approached the decoys, once she got

to seventy-five yards she swerved and
raised, but her onward course carried
her within the danger line. At fifty
yards I was fortunate enough to kill
her instantly with number six. Then
I heard the low, slow ““Tump! Tump”
of a canoe paddle, Fritz homeward
returning from his morning shoot.

“Well! what did you get?” I called
out.

“Fifteen”? he answered.

“Fifteen what’’?

“Black Ducks’, he called back. I
I thought he was joking and paddled
into camp to see, for, although we
take about our legal limit each year of
two hundred wild ducks altogether,
as if there was only one gun in camp,
and consider this a plenty, we never
yet had scored well on the Blacks.
In fact a bag of a dozen in the morn-
ing, on grounds totally unprotected

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA .

A GOOD BAG

I mean, is an excellent score, but here
was Fritz, one of the youngest hunters
in the marsh with the best bag I had
ever seen. I pictured, them as they
lay in the bow of his canoe and again,
as he essayed, vainly, to carry them all
at once up tocamp. It is impossible
to grasp and carry sixteen black ducks
any distance. Ifyou don’t believe me
try it.

I am totally unable to decide which
had the better sport. I certainly had

a keen moment’s pleasure with my
camera bag. Fritz seems to have had
a great many moments of wild ex-
citement, to hear him describe it,
creeping up on the flocks, dropping
the paddle, seeing the birds fall,
chasing and mercifully dispatching
each wounded one. Ah! it is when
we lose a wounded bird in this
drowned land marsh that our hearts
are heavy and our day’s sport
spoiled.

AUTUMN

Reginald Gourlay

Soft is thejvoice that calls
» From hidden waterfalls,
And pastures where the downy seeds are
ying;
And swift the breezes blow,
And eddying come and go,
From faded gardens where the flowers are
dying.

In the stocked fields of corn, -
Pipes the blythe quail at morn,
The wary partridge drums in secret places,
And pearly vapours lie
Across the western sky
Where sun,shaft with its cloud tent
interlaces.

The last birds sing all day,
‘Oh fairest summer stay!”
The squirrel eyes askance the leaves fast
browning;
The wild fowl fly afar
Across the foamy bar
To hasten southward ere the skies are
frowning.
Yet though a sense of grief a
Comes with the.falling leaf
And strife and blood this fall are never
lessened.
Still, through our Autumn dreams
A future summer gleams
Passing the fairest glories of the present.

DUCK DAYS ON PITT MEADOWS

A. R. Ellis

CTOBER days were again at hand and
Frank and I being true blue sportsmen
were going to spend a week with the

ducks on Pitt Meadows. Our pocketbooks
were not so heavy as to be a burden so we
determined if possible to pay expenses by the
sale of surplus game. Frank lived in the
village of Hammond while I lived in Van-
couver, and, after writing back and forth
several times we managed to hit satisfactory
arrangements. _Monday, October the 5th,
saw us pounding along in an old democrat
towards Pitt Meadows Oil Wells where we
were to make our headquarters. The Mead-
ows are a large tract of swamp land containing
about twenty square miles; in the southern
ortion wild hay is cut, towards the north are
arge patches of tulles and hardtack, while
the whole is interlaced with sloughs and pot-
holes and is a veritable paradise for all water-
fowl frequenting the Pacific Coast.

The drive in was very enjoyable; we had
hunted the marsh pretty well on previous trips
but the wagon road skirted around the valley
and gave us an entirely new perspective. We
were indeed a happy pair. To be sure who
would not be with a week of hunting betore
them? The road wound gracefully along,
now through a group of poplars and maples
their leaves turning golden and brown in the

YOURS TRULY IN THE RUSHES

3538

a

warm Autumn sunshine; as the road mounted
into the foothills we would get a panorama of
the surrounding country and a truly beautiful
sight it was; back whence we had come were
the smiling farms, and ahead the broad ex-
panse of low-lying land diverging funnel-like
in the distance, surrounded by snow-capped
peaks and terminating in Pitt Lake about six
miles to the north. Within two miles of our
destination we had to send the rig back and
pack our stuff the rest of the way. There
were three loads in all and not having packed
for some little time the straps cut pretty deep,
but by resting every half mile it was not long
before we reached our camp, a cozy little
houseboat on the bank of a slough.

“Well boy, who’s going back for that other
pack?”

“I’m not till I get rested anyway’, said I.
So we sat down for an hour’s rest and a cold
lunch before tossing the coin. Luck was
against me as it fell to my lot, so with a “good
luck old sport” from pard I hit the back trail.
The last load was not very heavy and at five
o'clock I was again back at the cabin, which,
during my absence Frank had swept and clean-
ed up in good order.

‘““Waterfall” was the name of the slough we
were on, to be sure it is rather a queer name
for a slough, but the Meadows are surrounded
by foot hills, which in places are quite steep
and mountainous. ‘‘Waterfall’’ in the begin-
ning is a creek which comes bounding down the
hillside in a miniature cascade but assumes
the likeness of a slough lined on each side by
cattails and bullrushes as it winds across the
Meadows.

We had an hour or two before dark, so pick-
ing up our guns, which were both double.
twelves, started out to see how things looked.
We followed “Waterfall”? for about a quarter
of a mile but not a feather did we see till near-
ing the hillside when a loud Quack! Quack!
warned us to go easy, we kept on however for
about a hundred yards, when, looking through
the waving cattails we saw about fitty duc
splashing themselves as only ducks can. Our
coats were soon shed and preparations made
for the crawl; Frank took the lead, I followed, ~
our fine little spaniel “Jock” bringing up the
rear.

“T’ll bet}we getlhalf a dozen”, said my friend. ~

‘Easy’, said I, “but for my sake get that
back of yours down or they will see you sure”. —

Worming along like a couple of cats we got ~
to within about seventy yards of the ducks ~
when a snipe sprang out of the grass just a
little to one side, the dog jumped and the ~
game was up,—that is the crawlling game, for —
the ducks being alarmed by the dog arose. —
“Give it to ’em boy”! and give it to them we ~
did, the four shots only dropping two birds.

“Of all the cussedest luck I ever saw that
sure takes the biscuit’’!

“That’s right”, I said, ‘‘iffit hadn’t been for-
that blame dog!’

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 359

“Well, there is no use worrying, let’s forget poor old “loner”, I guess we were rattled, for
it, both firing too soon, the widgeon, which it later
We had several more chances before dark turned out to be, swerved and fell wounded on
but only shot one bird, so we hiked for the the other side of the dredge-cut bordering the
rke.
‘Fetch ’im Jock, go fetch ’im.” Jock look-
ed up in his master’s face as only a ee
dog can; he did not hestitate but at the wor
of command sprang into the ditch and brought
the struggling bird back, dropping it at our
feet.

“Good old Jock, good old boy,” said my
friend fondly, patting the dog on the head.
“Take it from me boy, there’s nothing like a
good dog.” You may be sure I heartily
agreed with him because many were the birds
we would have lost if we hada’t had Jock
along.

It certainly was a long walk, eight miles in
all, from marsh to dyke and dyke to country
Toad. We reached Frank’s home about din-
ner time, and, as the cook makes things ‘‘just
like mother used to make’’, it would be need-
less to say we swept the table clean. After an
hour or two’s rest we hit for the little cabin out
on the swamp.

It had been raining all day with a nasty
south-easter blowing and prospects looked
good for the morrow; occasionally we could
see, small flocks of teal skimming across the
Meadows and higher up V-shaped flocks of
mallards coming in from the sea.

We were two tired but happy boys that
night, but a good Supper soon revived us, and.
after cleaning the guns and hanging up our
wet clothes we sat down and talked over pre-

POSING FOR THE CAMERA

cabin, there to satisfy the inner man and get
what we needed more than anything else, rest.

Four-thirty next morning saw us up and
away; Frank was going to work the marsh

double in the distance; he was surely gett-
img something because when his gun barks

| It would be too tiresome to follow the hits
jand misses of the next two days, of the latter
Owever we made plenty; but when Wednes-
@y arrived having fourteen ducks and two
bow legs we determined to feturn to

e next morning as Wwe were not going to
it we didn’t get up till seven o'clock, and

© way in that brings out the value of a good
When walking along the dyke I heard
ank say. “‘Git down! git down.” Coming
lefoss the marsh straight towards us was one FRANK

360

vious hunting trips; there was one yarn of my
friend’s thotgh that had them all beat, this is
how it went :—

“One day away up north, there were three
fellows out after ducks; as they were riding
along they saw a little lake that appeared to

e just covered; old mallard drakes there
were, trim little widgeon and the lordly canvas
back, while around the margin of this little
mere wisps of teal swooped and swerved, little
knowing that danger was so near at hand.
When the men got within a few hundreds
yards of the lake they dismounted and started
to stalk the game. Now y’know ’way up
there, sometimes there comes a wind, and it
comes mighty quick, sending the temperature
down to, say fifty below. Just as the hunters
got to within a few yards of the lake the North-
land’s icy hand came down and froze the
duck’s feet into the ice, of course it all happen-
ed so quickly y’know, that the ducks couldn’t
do anything. On reaching the shore the
hunters sprang up, the leader shouting, ‘“‘Soak
*em boys”. The fusilade so startled the ducks
that they got up and flew off with the lake.”

Friday we had better luck, getting fourteen.
I can not just recall the incidents of the day so
will have to pass it on. That evening how-
ever there was a fine flight, but being mostly
teal the bag was small, nevertheless we had
some great fun. We stood about a hundred
yards’ oy each kneeling behind a little
clump of brush. To the west the fading red
glow proclaimed the end of another day while
the opposite direction looked dark and for-
bidding. 3 The first shot of the evening was ata

A BIT OF SELKIRK BUSH

Paul A. W. Wallace

set you up like a trivet,” said Jack.
“What’s a trivet?” I inquired, yank-

ie A few nights like this in the bush will

' ing the pack strap from my shoulder.

“Get the blankets out,’ he responded,
“and don’t be all night about it. We shall
want to be off before daybreak.”

The stars twinkled so pleasant!y that
we laid our bed in the open and folded the
tent for a blanket. The black spires of
spruce and balsam ringed us about like a
dozen cathedrals of Milan. The gothic for-
ests of the Selkirks at night are wonderfully
solemn. i

On towards midnight the solemnity be-
came positively sombre. The heavens des-
cended and the rain came. Jack awoke
with a yell, and I awoke with the same one.
Sauve qui peut! Rolling tent, sweaters, grub,
rucksacks, boots. and bedclothes into amoebic
wads, we bolted for a tree—an etherial spire—
executing, en route, chaplinesque evolutions
among rocks, logs, and unexpected voids
that certainly had no existence in the day-
time. Under the arms of a big spruce,
hunched into excruciating attitudes, per-
petually rolling downhill into the wet or
hugging humps and roots for anchorage,

ROD AND GUN IN C

Pode * r . 7 ¥
ag SMa: ‘id ay
ties ve

. ' CRRA « a”,
nice flock of pintails that came right over; at
the crack of the gun one came hurtling down.
to hit the ground with a resounding thud,
while another badly wounded flew off sidewise —
and disappeared in the darkness. My partner —
heard the thud as the dead bird fell, and from
out the dusk I heard, ‘“That’s petting *em old
boy.” Quite a number of teal were now fly-
ing but nothing big till two mallards passed a
little to one side, my shot dropped one, and
just as I turned from pe it up a fine flock
passed right over the stand. It was oetting
too dark to shoot by now so we picked up an
hit for the cabin. th,

Saturday was bright and fine so after break-
fast we straightened up the camp, cut wood
and took things easy. Sunday was another
fine day and as the ducks if kept any longer
would spoil, the only choice was to pack out.

At Hammond we met a couple of sports
from the city who had walked the marsh from |
daybreak till dark and all they hadtoshowfor
it was one little teal and a pintail. Our bag i
of twenty-four certainly looked good to them;
they finally ended it by buying the lot which
was a great relief to us not knowing what price
we could get in town.

;
We slept in Hammond that night; the next 3

day taking the rig we returned for our stuff x

getting back at night fall with five more ducks _

making forty-six in all. Of shooting trips it is

one of the best we ever had, so let us hope

next year will again see us returning to the z

little houseboat on the bank of a slough after a \

successful day with the ducks. ¥

cold, damp, and stung with spruce needles,
we uneasily dozed till dawn. By that time,
the rain had ceased. Drunk with sleepiness
and infatuated with a hatred of spruce roots
and hillsides, we dragged bags and bedding
back to our balsam mattress in the open,
Involved ourselves in the clammy folds of
the tent, and slept on until the next shower
washed us back into the arms of the austere
evergreen. ; a
We spent the day under that tree, shift-
ing from one uncomfortable position to
another, waiting for the scattered clouds
to disperse. The clouds were high, but
water can fall a long way in the mountains.
Every sunbeam introduced a shower, and
every shower brought a friend. We tried to
warm ourselves up with the bilingual ques-
tion, but got no heat out of the discussion
at all. We were perfectly agreed that under
certain circumstances no man can adequate-
ly express himself with the vocabulary of only — 4
one language. By afternoon, the rain con- —
tinuing sporadically, Jack was using about »
six. Ae
Whenever the sun shot a bolt of light onto
a distant peak, our spirits went up and
rain came down. This game of seesaw

mar hy

ourselves of the better part of valor and
resolved to give up the outing, trivets and

~ coupon.

_ Neither did I turn the other cheek.

ue indefinitely, we reminded

Ale the weather, and take train for
california and the South Seas.

precisely what Jupiter Pluvius was waiting
for, Like a dog who aches to be kicked,
he is never content except in the conscious-
ness of being anathema to someone, and
we, encamped alone on an unmapped Sel-
irk pass, were unhappily the ones. :

But once we had done him homage with
a profound despair, J. P. smiled, cleared off,
and sent the last cloud skurrying into the
azure abyss.

We shouldered our packs and committed
ourselves, with some apprehension, to the
embraces of Selkirk virgin bush.

Selkirk bush, we understand, was not in
the original scheme of creation. It was

_ created shortly after the-fall for correctional

purposes. Gen. IV, 17—19: “Cursed is
the ground for thy sake ..... thorns also
and thistles shall it bring forth to thee.”
But the thing was quite overdone and it
had to be discarded. An _ out-of-the-way
place was found for it on the other side of
the earth, and there it Has lain among the
mountains of British Columbia, even down
to this very day.

Selkirk bush may be enjoyed at home,
even without the advantages of a travellogue
To grasp its charm, fill your shower
bath full of chairs, kindling wood, coal,
two miles of tangled rope, a punching bag,
butter spread six inches deep, a thousand
pins all pointing outwards, and turn on
the tap. Slip thirty pounds of blankets
and victuals over your shoulders, get an
ice axe for one hand and a bush axe for
the other, fasten sad-irons to your feet

‘swing two billies on your back and traverse

your shower bath up and down all after-
noon singing “Hail to the mountains!”
Selkirk bush is not impassable. Eagles
get over it and snakes get under it. Even
a man can work through it if he has no press-
ing engagement this side eternity, and has
one in the right place on the other side to
ofiset present misery. - It is a sort of looking
glass forest. However fast you go you
never pass anything. You may fight on
for an hour but not a mountain moves.
Relative positions remain unchanged—ex-
cept possibly for the worse: for after you
have toiled and sweated up this gully and
down the next two, over one alder branch,
under the next, and through the labyrinth
of a million more, hedged to the right by
one smooth cliff to the left by another, and
downwards by the two of them you suddenly
find yourself brought up in a box canyon
overhanging the stewpot of the furies—a
seething whirl of caged waters bellowing
over cascade after hidden cascade. There
is no way out of the place but the one you
came in by and this is uphill.’ Which is
always a sweet reflection to the man with
a pack upon his shoulders. :
_ Being on a holiday we took it easy. That
is to say when a giant nettle or a devil’s
clup hit me on the cheek I did not hit back.
When
an elastic alder caught me a cowardly blow

Which was_

from behind and aid me flat in the be d c
a stream I did not turn back and chop tha

alder down or slash it over the face or kick _
' . I sat quietly in the water with a
Wilsonian neutral sort of feeling. Thedamp

it blue.

of course was negligible. The leaves had

already emptied tons upon me trom their —

unfathomable reservoirs.
All streams in the Selkirks are interesting.
They make the most of themselves, little

smutty vagabonds running away with shrill , 2
clamor from the snow and ice in which they

have been prisoned for so many years. But
they: are only indifferently pleasant to cross.
Sometimes you wade—and music in your ears
your gurgling boots do make. Sometimes
you carefully jump from stone to stone until
you abruptly discover that a necessary link
is missing and wade after all. At other
times you cross on a baldheaded greasy
log that has seen better days, in which case
the object of the game is to fall off upstream
and avoid being swept away. Again, if the
log be slender and vibrant with rhythm, the
passage may be made crawling—hands for-
ward, knees in, toes out. If the pack sack
swings and sways in harmony. with the mo-
tion of the tree, the interest is proportion-
ately increased. Or, finally, if the log be hung
too steeply for any of the preceding modes
of progress, one may cross in the manner a
very young child makes its way down stairs.

We came to one of these latter places
and commenced to shunt across. About
midway, I pulled up with a jerk on the re-
mains of a knot. Pull, push, hump, and
wriggle equally failed to separate me from
the log. I could not go ahead. I grew
irritated. “All right, then,” I said, “Pll
go back.” But I didn’t. I was caught
both ways. I sat there and listened to the
hungry waters roar.

“Leave me enough grub for a day, and
go on,’ I said. “Here’s my watch. And
here is my board bill. I trust you with it.
Take on the blankets. I shan’t need any
WETE =, 20s see a

But the knot gave way and I had to pay
that board bill myself, after all.

Our second night was passed in the tent. .

Jack, beiore retiring, stood up to stretch
and rubbed his silly head all over the rain
soaked canvas. He woke up in the night,
bespattered with drops, and, thinking he
was sleeping in the open again, tried to run
off with the blankets. I slept with a hat
over my face, but before morning I couldn’t
move my neck. I lay awake for an hour or
so. Jack was sleeping with his head imside
his waterproof rucksack, which acted as
a reverberator.
Finally I shook him.

“When your monologue is finished,” I

said, “I want to ask you something.” >

““Was-er-marrer?’’ he grumbled, pulling
the rucksack from his head, and jamming
it on again as a big drop caught him on the
lip.
“What's a trivet?’? I demanded.

“No idea,’ he grunted.

“Well, I'll tell you what it is,’ I pursued,
pulling on a sweater over three shirts. “I’ve
been thinking about it. It’s an incantation
to call fools into the Selkirks.”

AEA OR Ey Fs ty
Pee RP

362

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

HUNTING PARTY, LA TUQUE, QUE,

WITH DAD IN THE FORESTS OF
NORTHERN QUEBEC

Leo V aesen

ra AD” is an old friend of mine and for
1) the last eight years since which we
have been acquainted we have prac-
tically never been apart. Whether crossing
the Atlas mountains of the Sahara, or amongst
the icebergs of Newfoundland, whether midst
the burning sands of the desert or the snows
of the Far North of America, Dad has always
followed me, in fact everything well con-
sidered it is I who follow him. Dad loves
the chase not alone as one may be attached
to a sport or an art but with him it has be-
come a passion which has passed to the
chronic and incurable state; I have seen
him positively seized with illness if deprived
15 days of his rifle and I am sure he would
become dangerous if he remained two months
without following a trail, were it only that
of a cat along the gutters.
* To live with such an individual of neces-
sity implies that one do as he does, or the
consequences would be terrible; and that
is why I myself, little by little, became
inoculated with the same disease: fond-
ness of hunting, roaming over the deserts

and through the forests, talking velocity,
energy, powder, ball, shooting to test the
accuracy and ballistic qualities and defects
of the several arms with dear old Dad. Both
of us are devoted to the chase but not quite
in the same way.

Dad, the hunter, is quite ferocious. Once
in the presence of his quarry, he forgets
everything. He becomes insensible; his
whole faculties are concentrated in his eye ;
his handling of the rifles and his mind is
entirely occupied with but a single thought:
to kill. If he makes a miss or simply wounds
the beast with his first shot a frown or a
curling of the lip show his disappointment,
and with great coolness he fires again.
If he has let the bullet fly at the right mo-
ment, the right spot, a blood-thirsty yell of
“dead” is gleefully emitted and in this ery
I hear all that is left of the cave man. ’

For my part, I like hunting, because it
brings one close to nature, because the air
of the vast forest or immense desert 1s more
balmy, more free, than the air of inhabited
places. I love the roaring of the torrential

363

¥ .
_ s

7
WITH DAD IN THE FORESTS OF QUEBEC

at

>

waters, the soft murmur of the stream, the
ee of the wind in the trees, the sunsets,
bright red against the golden sands of the
desert. I suppose I must confess to a de-
licious feeling of emotion following the tracks,
finding the game, even firing the shot, but
while Dad shoots gleefulky the awful sound
of the bullet tearing through the poor beast’s
flesh moves me to tears. Finally, I love
the chase, because well probably
because Dad loves it.

I share with my dear old Dad a gun which
has really never left me during the course
of my vagabond jaunts ; she is called Miss
Ross, and her calibre is .280.

Of all the regions I have known, it is in
Canada, and particularly in the Province of
Quebec, that-I have lived the most pleasant
of my hunting days. I have passed more
than 16 months in the beautiful forests of
the Gaspe peninsula and Northern Quebec
and have never known what it was to be
tired. On the contrary, scarcely have I
left the forests when I am longing to return
and pass, say, a fine autumn evening, calm
and quiet, on the edge of a lake on whose
blue waters the moonbeams are dancing.

Thus it was with me last summer in the
first days of June. Ever since the closing
of the season, Dad had been dragging out
a weary and monotonous existence, amus-
ing himself at odd times testing cartridges.
One fine day, after a restless night, he got up
transfigured, his face shining with joy, and

without a word of explanation off he flies
to catch a train, his necktie’ awry, his hair
tousled. Dad was away for two days and
then he returned to me, his necktie no better
arranged, and carrying with him _ boxes,
tripods and a miscellaneous collection of
what looked to me at first sight to be a
silversmith’s outfit. As soon as he saw me,
from a distance, he let out a “hurrah” which
reminded me of his famous cries of ‘‘dead’’
and shouting like a kid he kept waving some
kind of a small black case. Panting from
his fast walking coupled with the weight
of his parcels, without taking time to draw
breath, he said:

“Girl, we are going!’

““Where?”’

““Anywhere.”’

“How, anywhere?’’ :

“Why, yes, anywhere. We are going to
take moving pictures of hunting scenes, live
moose, deer, we will get bear, we will—”’

I said to myself: ‘‘We will. simply be
devoured by the flies.””, However off we went.

Five days later, we are installed in Mr.
Alphide Tremblay’s hunting lodge at Creek
des Prairies along the line of tne Transcon-
tinental Railway some 20 miles beyond La
Tuque. Flies, my children, thousands of
them!!! We arrived at four in the after-
noon and by five o’clock the guide came
running in to tell us there was a cow moose
in the bay along the river (Vermillion) about
900 yards from the camp. Dad made a

A DAY’S SPORT NEAR LA TUQUE, QUE,

“wi
7
vy
co

rush for his outfit, rigged his camera; the
canoe is put on the river and we start—but
the moose was no longer there!

The next day we paddle up the river to
install ourselves 14 miles further up in a
camp at the junction of ‘Petit Coucache”
creek with the Vermillion river. At our
departure Dad throws out a challenge to
me as to who will catch the largest pike
before returning to camp—as soon as the

IN CAMP, LITTLE TROUT LAKE, NEAR LA TUQUE QUE,

canoe gets away from the shore our trawls -

are cast into the water: Dad’s canoe fol-
lows one bank, mine the other; the camp
is still in sight when I feel a tug at my line ;
my first impression is that I have caught my
line on something ; but my guide sets me
right : ‘“You have one, Madam.” Decided-
ly I am lucky for a first experience at this
sport and I am daubly so for my fish is of
such size that we are unable to haul it into
the canoe. Ten times I bring it to the edge
of the canoe and ten times it dives splash-
ing us with water. We land the canoe on
a sandy beach and little by little we draw
in the line until finally Mr. Pike is a prison-
er. It proves to be a dandy, 25 pounds
in weight, and Dad who has crossed over
to see what was doing, hastily puts his line
by in disgust, despairing of the possibility
of beating me ; he had lost his bet. As soon
as we arrive at the spot where the moose
are constantly to be found in the water near

-his gaze on the view-finder, his finger on

~ tion ; he stares at us a couple of seconds ; then

Wg ot le " S 4 Ai "
~ ph ts Me ak ae
fae yep 6) eae

the shore, he gets his machine ready ; 5
hardly done so, when we are assailed by

aterrible storm. Dad reluctantly unmounts”
his picture machine! Three times we are

obliged to return to the shore to bail out
the canoes which are full of water and finally
we reach camp wet to the skin but as gay
as larks.

Kae following day was to prove “‘memor-
able.”

Although the sky was still cloudy,

we started out quite early in the morning
with only one canoe ; Dad was in the bow
with his picture machine, I was in the middle
and the guide paddling in the stern. We
ascend the Vermillion half a mile, then enter
a stream some 200. yards long which unites
the river to a lake ; as soon as we get into
the brook our guide stands up and directs
his gaze towards the lake, but ducks down
quickly, whispering: ‘“There is one at the
entry of the lake.” The canoe advances
softly. Dad holds the machine at the ready,

the trigger (crank). I perceive the back
of the moose at some 35 yards, the rest of
his body being hidden by the rushes and
brush. Another stroke of the paddle and
he is in full sight at 20 yards. Dad turns
the crank ; but the rapid click, the ‘‘song”
of the machine attracts the animal’s atten- —

he runs off at a great stride. With his eye —

glued to the view-finder Dad coolly fol-
lows him, and keeps turning the crank until
the moose disappears. Our guide, who takes
a rather slight interest in the picture ma-
pune, is keeping a sharp look-out along the
ake.

“There you are, look, a bit further, is a
cow moose! and there is another over there
and again two more to the right!!!’

The second cow does not seem to heed

WITH DAD IN THE FORESTS OF QUEBEC

of the beast’s hindquarters, its hind feet
being in the water—it is out of focus, Dad,
furious at this, stops turning, grabs a paddle
at his feet and lands one on the moose’s
back ; it raises its hairy head in dull astonish-
ment and races off wildly. Dad drops the
paddle and starts turning again imperturb-
ably. The other group, a male and a fe-
male, are then got on the film at 80 yards.

The lake is now deserted and we return

A NORTHERN QUEBEC GUIDE

the call. Dad is barely able to get in twenty
turns. But the third moose is a yearling
and he created a rather peculiar situation
for Dad: Finding by our first experience
that the noise of the machine bothers the
beasts, we endeavour to come as close to
this young fellow as possible before setting
it going. He is occupied eating the small
green branches of the brushwood bordering
the lake, his nose buried in it and his back
to the lake. We creep up close, to about
10 yards, -when Dad starts turning, and
keeps on turning. Meanwhile, our friend
keeps on browsing without deigning to pay
any attention. Dad after a while stops
spellbound, changes the focus and signals
to approach nearer again: first, 8 yards,
then 6, 5, 4, 10 feet. Dad turns, turns,
enough to make him dizzy!!! and still the
moose does not budge, is like a rock ; the
canoe which has continued to advance from
the°momentum gained is within 3 or 4 feet

to camp. We have hardly got onto the
Vermillon when Dad excitedly points with
his hand: a moose is climbing onto the
island directly opposite the camp .. .
the canoe glides swiftly in the direction
indicated, we softly go around the island ;
suddenly the reeds are separated in front
of us and a cow moose comes straight to
the water’s edge and stands quietly looking
at us only 15 yards away, then slowly goes
in amongst the reeds, and a moment after
reappears at another place ; we approach
to within 25 yards and Dad who has been
turning for quite a while finds that the film
is exhausted. He politely bows to the lady,
thanks her while her appreciation is express-
ed by a straightening out of her immense
ears and she takes to the water and swims
along not very far from our canoe and fin-
ally reaches the mainland. Incidentally I
let my gaze fall on the river and perceive
something black crossing in front of us at

. 300 yards. I call Dad’s attention to it.

far awa
us a little further off a huge buck moose with

- long intervals.

He nearly upsets the canoe in his excitement.
_ “Quick, my gun, a bear!”’ but the bear is too
; and to add to.all our guide shows

his head in the air watching uscoming . . .

We reach the camp and breakfast. In
the small space of two and one half hours
we had seen seven moose and a bear!!! not
counting the flies, brrrh! Decidedly this
is the spot, so we install ourselves definitely ;
this takes us the better part of the day.
At nightfall, a breeze comes and chases
the flies. From the interior of the camp
by the half open door I see Dad’s shadow
thrown on the screen of silver formed by the
lake ; as he pulls at his cigarette its glow lights

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA ”

Se CORT hei ee Ee
See eae, PARC ese: A

up his face as he stands listening ; the sk
is extremely limpid with towards the Nort
a faint polar brightness; the breeze dies
away, all sound ceases and at last a dead
calm surrounds nature a swish-
ing of the water, a slow and heavy tread,
the sound almost imperceptible at first,
then increasing gradually then remaining the
same for a moment and dying away. A
moose has passed Dad throws away
his cigarette, comes in, closes the docr of the
camp, the hinges of which from age and lack
of oil creak ; a match flickers in the darkness,
a candle is lit but its dull glow leaves the

corners of the camp in shadow .. . a
prayer lights out sweet
sleep.

FISHERIES OF THE NORTH

R. J. Fraser

eries in the northern tidal waters of

Hudson’s and James’ Bays has been
studied at. odd times during the past two
- centuries but the resultant opinions and re-
ports, which have been most diverse and
contradictory, were mostly stamped as vague
and insufficient and in consequence were
laid aside. Little system and less thorough-
_ mess were shown in the undertakings and for
lack of confirmatory information the project
received scant attention, and that only at
The first explorers, from
_ the days of Henry Hudson and Captain
_ James, claimed that the great waters which

a ex prospect of large commercial fish-

_ now bear their names were the habitat of

many edible fishes. In the log-books of

_ the early navigators who sailed the northern
_ waters in the service of the Hudson Bay
A Company one may read of crews who, caught

in the Bay by early freeze-ups and forced to

_ remain for many months far distant from

say

enh Deal’

iy ‘

<

tS ae

_ their posts or depots, subsisted mainly on

the fish they caught. On the other hand,
contemporaries stated that the fish in the

- waters they had sailed were few, and those

Th.
*
hy
‘

_ few of species generally considered as unfit

for human consumption. Tales of the old
fur traders living on the coast, whose gas-
tronomic feats have been recounted by early
writers, contain descriptions of factors’ tables
with great dishes of fish as the chief items on
the menu. These, though, were caught, not
in the salt waters of the Bay, but in the
rivers and streams which are tributary to it.
In nearly all of these latter goodly hauls of
a small specie of whitefish—similar in na-
ture to the white fish of our lakes—are taken,
and used mostly for food for the fur-trad-
ing companies’ sleigh dogs. Some of these
_ streams are well stocked with sturgeon and
trout, but not near their mouths, and few
‘other than the Indians who travel these
waterways attempt to make use of them.
For the natives each spring and fall these
_ fish provide a fortnight’s sustenance.

Commander A. P. Low when he made his
cruise with the ‘ Nepfune’’ in 1903 investigat-
ed the fisheries to a slight extent. The sub-
stance of his report explained that in the
southern part of Hudson’s and James’ Bay
large quantities of sea-run trout and white-
fish were taken by the natives. The Arctic
salmon, a fish far superior to the Pacific
salmon, was plentiful along the eastern side
of the bay to the northward of James Bay,
as well as in the mouths of the rivers of the
northern and northwest coasts, and also
along both shores of Hudson Strait.

Cod were taken at several places along the
east shore of Hudson Bay as far north as
Cape Smith; a few occurred in Roes Wel-
come on the western side and some small
specimens were taken among the ice at Fuller-
ton.

Beyond these few facts nothing more of
value was known of the fisheries ef the deep-
er waters of the strait and bay. Further-
more, it has been since claimed by many
that the cod thus found were merely rock
cod and not the true fish that is taken in
the North Atlantic waters and on the banks
of Newfoundland.

At Cape Chidley, the northernmost point
of the Labrador coast, the Moravian Church
has for a number of years conducted a mis-
sion among the Eskimoes. In _ connection_
with it a cod fishery was established and ~
these fish have been taken in abundance.
The Newfoundland fishermen, who “can
smell cod-fish ten fathoms down,” follow-
ed the fish this far only, each summer sey-
eral of their schooners pursuing the trade
to this point on the coast. Beyond that,
though, they have not ventured ; the ice
fields of the strait prevented the small sail-
ing craft from exploring the waters farther
west. In the bottom of Ungava Bay, at
the mouths of the George River, Arctic sal-
mon are taken in large numbers by the em-

ployees of the Hudson Bay Company and the —
fur trading firm of Revillon Freres. Their 5

7

FISHERIES OF THE

respective supply steamers visit these posts
once a year and by each an annual shipment
of cured fish, aggregating many tons, Is con-
signed to the southern market.

This was the extent of the knowledge of
the fisheries of the North up till the season
of 1914. The subject lay dormant for sev-
eral years but did not wholly die, and the
recent activities in the projecting of the Hud-
son Bay route revived the investigation.
Two parties went north by canoe routes
in the month of June and returned again
in October. The one which travelled down
the Albany River and explored the streams
and coastal waters of the west shore of
James’ Bay brought to light the fact that
there were sixteen different species found
there, either in the Day or in the rivers flow-
ing into it. Chief of these rivers is the Al-
bany. From the estuary of this stream,
year after year, 13000 pounds are taken and
in seasons when game is scarce a population
of more than 400 souls find abundant sus-
tenance. Sturgeon, pickerel and pike and
a great many speckled trout are caught
each season but the whitefish is one of the
best fishes on this coast. The economic
value of these species, excepting the white-
fish, is not great and with a few exceptions
they are nearly all fresh water. Rock cod
eccur in the bay here but no record is avail-
able of a single specimen of the true cod be-
ing found on the west coast.

Monsieur Droulette, for over ten years
District Manager of the Revillon Freres
Traders in James’ Bay, has claimed that
the deeper waters of the bay contain many
marketable fishes. He had been connected
with the trawling industry of the French
ports and the similarity of the waters and
bottom of James’ Bay to those of the coast
of France so attracted him that he had
visions of his company employing a trawler
there. On one occasion he experimented
with their little steamer, rigged with crude,
improvised gear, to test the worth of his
theory. The results obtained were not un-
satisfactory. But thus far nothing on a
larger scale has been attempted.

It was from the other party, that which
explored the east coast, that more promising
results were looked for and these were indeed
gratifying in the extreme. C. D. Melville,
a western Englishman whose investigations
and reports on the fisheries of the Peace
and MacKenzie Rivers had brought him
before the eyes of parties thus interested,
was the man selected for the work. He
left Cochrane, Ontario, late in June and
with two Temagami guides travelled slowly
down the Mattagami and Moose Rivers
to Moose Factory on James’ Bay. Hé fish-
ed as he went. From the Moose River he
travelled across the bay on the Hudson Bay
Company’s little steamer, the ‘“‘Inenew,” to
Rupert House. There he launched his canoe
again and from there to Cape Jones, 200
miles up the coast, he prospected the shores,
river mouths and coastal waters of the Bay.
From officers and employees of the trading
companies he gathered informatian and speci-
mens of the fish to the north of that point,
even to Cape Wolstenholme at the west

. entrance of Hudson Strait. In the fall he

a D
satisfied with the results of his seaso

_his words bubbled forth froma well of en-

_ well and Ungava, already mentioned, and

ee re
returned to Moose Factory and up
Missanaibi river to ‘“‘the line,” more

work, wonderfully surprised at the po:
bilities of the future.

It was at Rupert House in July that In
Mr. Melville, then just starting up the coast. ©
“What are prospects so far?” I asked. “Do ©
you expect to find anything worth while?”

His reply was far from enthusiastic. “No, ~
I don’t, to tell the truth,” he answered. ~
“From all accounts I’ve gathered, from the ~
inhabitants here and at Moose, the fish ~
in the bay are a negligible quantity. At
present I feel like stating in my report that —
whenever I wished to observe fast days I~
was compelled to purchase fish from the
fur-trading companies—salt cod that came
from St. John’s, Newfoundland.” >

It was at Moose in October that I again ~
met the explorer. He was on his return to
the “outside.’”? Naturally I enquired as. to
the success of the expedition. This time

thusiasm. “I’d contract,” he added in con-
clusion, as he stepped into’ his canoe, “Vd
contract to start from Cochrane with no-
thing but a fish net and live off the country
—or rather the waters—all the way to Cape
Wolstenholme and back.” -

Amongst the islands and in the sounds
and “‘tickles’’ of the east coast of the bay his
nets caught land-locked salmon,—the ouan-
aniche—similar to that caught in Lower
St. Lawrence and Quebec Province waters,
lake trout, or salmon trout, and the speckled
species of the same family ; sturgeon, white-
fish, pickerel, and silver chubb, in the mouths
of the coastal streams. The sea hauls
brought up several species of flat fish. But
what, from a commercial point of view, was
the most valuable find, was the cod, the
true cod—the “Newfoundlander’s cod’—
and this in goodly numbers. The ancient
controversy over that valuable food fish’s
existence in Hudson’s Bay waters was brough
to a glorious end. =

According to Mr. Melville, with the ques-
tions of quick transportation to a waiting mar-
ket and a sufficiently lengthy period of safe
navigation settled, the whitefish fishery of
the North will prove one of the greatest in
Canada. With its development the other
fisheries will become of relatively great value.

At present the fisheries in operation—on
a very small scale with what we shall see
in the near future—are those of Port Bur-

ry

PC OIE Fe ad ATR OG eee RR enh Pay 2

the smaller ones conducted by the Hudson
Bay Company’s posts at the mouth of the
large rivers on the east side of Hudson Bay.
At Fort George, 800 miles south of Cape
Wolstenholme, nets and tidal weirs are be-
ing successfully operated and large catches —
of salmon are taken annually. :

It is in this locality that Mr. Melville ob-
tained his finest specimens. For many miles
out to sea the waters are studded with islands
and the sounds abound in whitefish. The
coast is very similar in nature to that of the
North Shore of Lake Superior between Thun-
der Bay and Jackfish. And the experimental —
fishing here compared most favorably with
the fresh water lakes for in four days in

. : *s as 2
AE A a hee eek re
AF he sa oe re eg.

368

August 140 fathoms of net, of different mesh-
es, 41% inch, 4 inch and 2% inch, caught
over 600 pounds of fish. This section gives
promise of a most prolific fishery. The
chief reason why the trading companies have
not established a greater industry in this
line on the east coasf is because the chief
consumers, the dogs, are well fed on seal
blubber, easily obtained.

The present great drawback to the estab-
lishing of commercial fisheries is that of

uick and short transportation to a market.

he future will see that overcome. By 1917
the Hudson Bay Railway from LePas to
Port Nelson is to be completed and the latter
will then have been made a port in more
than name only. Sheltered harbours on
the east coast of the bay are numerous and
facilities for wintering fishing craft of all
tonnages can be found. The shore coun-
try is quite habitable, except for a few hun-
dred miles from Wolstenholme. Timber is
plentiful—in fact, the seasons and climate
are less severe than those experienced by the
fishermen of the bleak and barren Labrador.
Large coal deposits have been found on
Clarke Island and others in the neighbor-
hood of Port Harrison and from these points
to Port Nelson is but 400 miles—a com-
paritively short voyage for collecting steamers.

Now, what is known of the feasibility,
the safety, of the much discussed “Hudson
Bay route?” What of the risks incurred
by vessels entering these waters? The fol-
lowing facts should at least breed optimism.

Between the years 1670 and 1870, the two
centuries during which the Hudson Bay
Company exercised its chartered monopoly,
seven hundred and fifty vessels, ranging
from seventy-gun ships of war to ten-ton pin-
maces, in the service of the great fur com-
pany, crossed the ocean, passed through
the strait, and sailed to and fro over the
bay. And only two were lost. If one con-
siders that this was before the days of steam
propulsion and iron clads and modern aids
to navigation, it must be conceeded a mar-
velous record.

Since 1910 during the season of navigation
over one hundred and fifteen voyages in
and out of the bay have been made. These
were to and from Port Nelson and other
points in Hudson’s and James’ Bay and
Montreal, Halifax, St. John’s, Newfoundland,
Labrador, and England. These voyages were
made by vessels of different descriptions

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

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mainly in the employ of the government and
trading companies, a few on scientific pur-
suits. Several were totally unprepared for
battling with the northern ice fields. Yet
none failed to make a passage.

The ice menace to navigation in the Hud-
son Strait may in a few years be little greater
than that of Belle Isle and the Gulf of St.
Lawrence. Several splendid harbours of
refuge along the route have been explored and
surveyed, and a system of lights including
no less than ten permanent light houses in
the Strait alone is under consideration.
These, with a wireless patrol of the ice move-
ment, will greatly facilitate quick passages
and ensure mariners of a safety in those
waters that was little dreamed of a few years
ago.

Now, having established beyond doubt
that the fish are there, that the great grow-
ing West offers a ready market, with an
entrance through Port Nelson ready in a
year’s time for shipping operations, sea routes
made practicable and comparatively safe,
the project lacks but the necessary pioneers
to show the way to the fishermen. These
are to be found in the Labrador fiords and
the sea villages and ports of Newfoundland
and Acadia. As the trade grows the south-
ern markets of Ontario and Quebec will
stretch out inviting hands by way of the
projected James Bay railways, the one the
northern extension of the Temiscamingue and
Northern Ontario, the other the North Rail-
way from Montreal. For each of these
terminal sites and harbour locations have
been found, the one at the mouth of the
Moose River, the other in Rupert Bay.

It is a good omen that the government
is still going ahead with the Hudson Bay
route and though we may not see it next
year, nor for a succeeding year or two, the
time is surely coming when the fisheries of
the North will be counted among the great
natural: resources that are building up the
Great Dominion.

The following is a fairly comprehensive list
of the food fishes to be found in James Bay
and its tributary streams:—Sturgeon, white-
fish, tullibee, speckled trout, lake trout, or
salmon trout, land-locked salmon (ouanan-
iche), long-finned charr, jackfish or pike,
pickerel, dore or wall-eyed pike, sucker

(two species), ling, codfish, toothed herring,
and silver chubb. This list is accordingjte
the investigation of Mr. Melville.

ERHAPS some of the readers of Rod
Pp and Gun might be interested to hear

a little about partridges in Nova Scotia.
I am a poor hand at writing anything for
publication, especially when there are so
many good writers contributing articles for
this up-to-date magazine.

How many of you, having been born and
brought up on a farm, with the forest all
around, and partridges good and plenty,
with time enough to spare for a hunt any
time during the open season, have found
yourselves in after years in a town or city,
working ten hours a day, in a hot steaming
manufacturing plant? Have there not been
times during the fall of the year and the
open season for birds when your work has
become monotonous, and you have got
restless and discontented? You think con-

tinually of certain parts of the woods where

you are sure there ought still to be birds.
That was the mental condition in which
I found myself in the last week of the open
season of 1915. Accordingly I made arrange-
ments to get off for four days. Wednesday
morning saw me away on an early train.
At 12 o’clock I was having dinner with one
of my old neighbours who reported partridges
to be awfully scarce. During the afternoon
I found that this information was correct
for there was not a sign of birds where I had
formerly been able to raise a few most any
time in past years. I comforted myself,
however, with the thought that as there
was a storm approaching, and no animal
life appeared to be moving anywhere that
perhaps this was the cause of my not being
able to find any of my old feathered friends.
About 4 o’clock the rain came down feather
white, which ended my hunting for that day.
I got back to my friend’s house about dark
and was given directions where to go for
the best possible chances for some shooting.
Daylight did not find me in bed
morning, but I might as well have been there
as far as game was concerned. It was a
dark, foggy morning and the bush was
dripping wet from the rain of the night be-
fore. All forenoon I did not get a sight of
any birds, but I heard one fly out of a thicket.
When back at my friend’s home at dinner
time the sun was shining brightly, and a
nice breeze sprang up. After dinner I start-
ed out in a new direction, quite confident
that my luck was due to change. I had
got into the bush just a short distance when
about forty yards from me, I saw some-
thing. I was not sure whether it was a
partridge or a piece of wood—beside a wind-
fall. Now I did not want to make a fool
of myself by shooting at a piece of wood,
and again I did not want to miss a shot at
a bird if it happened to be one, particularly
as I was badly out of practice as a wing shot.

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‘A PARTRIDGE SHOOT IN NOVA
“SCOTIA

“Nova Scotian”

next ©

I took no chances but cut loose. At the
crack of the smokeless I knew I had my first ©

bird, and a fine big fellow he was. As' I

was putting him in the hunting bag, I heard —
another one chirping in a clump of fir bushes. —

By keeping still for a few seconds I was able

to locate this one, and it quickly followed
I felt by this time
that I could afford to take chances on wing ~

its mate into the bag.

shooting as I like to give the birds a fair
show. I did not have to wait long for an
opportunity. About an hour afterwards as
I was following up an old road, a partridge
rose up below me, took a circle through

some hard wood bushes, and started to fly

across the road in front of me, as fine a show
for wing shooting as any one could wish.
I rather surprised myself right there by
getting my bird at the first try. Without
going into details about it I will say that I
got two more before dark that evening.
There is no need to say that I enjoyed my sup-

per that evening better than if I were at.

my usual place of employment. I may
say that I hunted over as wild and pretty
a piece of country that afternoon, as is to
be found anywhere in Nova Scotia. Hills

there were, (I may almost say mountains) ~

and valleys, with a stream of pure sparkling
water running in every valley. The hills
were covered with spruce, maple and beech.
The leaves of the hardwood that still re-
mained on the branches, were a golden brown
and the evening sun shining on them made a
color display that an artist might well have
loved to paint. The lonesome part was
the old farm clearings, long ago deserted.

Next morning I had a cold and sore throat,

as a result of wet feet and the proceedings of -

the day before, but I was still in the ring.
I had_ poor luck this morning, getting only
one bird.

In the afternoon I headed for a piece of
country where I knew birds used to be fairly
plentiful.
about 4 o’clock, with no luck until I got
into a piece of woods that the lumbermen
logged over the winter before, when up went
a bird from under a pile of spruce limbs.
I tried a wing shot but failed to connect,
and before I got another shell in a second

bird went out at aeroplane speed, followed

a few seconds later by a third, which. I was
lucky enough to drop.
some more I raised two more out of an old
spruce top and managed to get one of them.
I hunted the place all over, but did not raise
any more. By this time night was coming on,
so I started to make my way out. Just
as I was getting out of the lumber cuttings
I heard a partridge chirping ahead of me,
and at last I located it perched on a branch of
a big hemlock tree, apparently its roosting
369

I hunted all the afternoon until

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sadquarters for the night. I took
ne ay with me too.

Next morning was dark and calm, and
ny friend having some spare time on hand
ne along with me, and before noon we
three more birds, I getting one and he
L Now this was Saturday and the last
day of the open season, and I had to get
home that night, so as to be on hand for
work on Monday morning. After dinner my
friend said he would drive me to the station.
So while he was getting ‘some few chores at-
_ tended to before starting I took my gun and
went down to a strip of woods behind the
house. There were a number of apple trees
scattered through the bush, and I knew that
if used to be a good place for birds, for you
all know how fond they are of apples, es-
_ pecially sweet ones. I saw no birds until I
was near the lower end of the bush, when
I saw one enjoying a fruit dinner in one of

4
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sp

- HO and what is an Outfitter? The real
- genuine article is a mountain man:
3 guide, philosopher, friend, cook, lumber
bridge-builder, broncho buster, hunter
-all found under the one suit of clothes.
He is a comparatively new type in the
Canadian Pacific Rockies, representing a new
rofession. You'll find him at every C. P. R.
ist point in the mountains, at your service
modest fee just to keep the pot boiling.
can buy more good fellowship and more
uted happiness and health in this. way
in any other yet invented. I know, for
e tried itout many atime. ”
May I introduce you to a sample Outfitter,
Field, say, or it might as easily be Glaeier
ake Louise or Banff. A gang of tender-
t have arranged for a trip through the Yoho
Wiley. The Imperial Limited having dump-
us on the platform, dunnage bags and all, it
not take long for Mr. Outfitter to give us
come, with a grip of the hand that says:
ll_see you through.” From across the
cking Horse River comes a procession of
mies—our cavalcade no less, with a couple
trusties to assist the boss. So we are sorted
out to our mounts, as we eye each other with
mutual suspicion. I don’t like the look in the
eye of Nebuchadnezar (Neb for short), but we
hit it off fairly well on the trail. So we're off,
‘single file, a truly wonderful procession of
assorted humans. Isn’t it jolly just to be in
_ God’s garden in the open air, to have all crea-
_ tion to wander in, to be hitting the trail to
_ wonderlands beyond, while giant peaks, like
_ Stephen and Cathedral, Field and Burgess,
_ look down upon us midgets from their tower-

peaks.

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this the apple trees. I got up to withi

_ OUTINGS WITH THE OUTFITTERS

—/i\ a

shooting range, then I stopped and let
a holler, and away she went, but it was too
easy a shot for her to escape. At the report
ground below the tree, which I had not
noticed before, rose up and headed for the
spruce cover on my left. This was another
beautiful wing shot, but as I never use only
a single barrel gun, I did not have the
empty shell out. I had to let her go, but
was quite satisfied, however, with one
more bird than I figured on.

I got to the station in time to catch my
train and arrived home at 6 o’clock in a
regular downpour of rain. I might have
got a few more birds perhaps but I was sat-
isfied with what I did get, and felt like a
new man after being out in the open air
for four whole days.

ada 2!
willy
of the gun another bird that was on the ? ;

a
as
of

But it is of the Outfitter I want to write.

It is worth the whole price of admission to
watch him do things and handle situations, to
corral a wandering horse, and quiet a re-
fractory one, to be everywhere at the same
time, to help the girl from Chicago and the
matron from Montreal, and the male tender-
feet from elsewhere in dismounting an
mounting, and in guiding their mounts through
turbulent streams and tangled woods.

No less adaptive are they in the camp.
They can handle axe or gun as adeptly as the
reins of a broncho. They can fell a tree
across a brawling stream with unerring ac-
curacy, or cut a way through a maze of under-
brush or Devil’s Clubs.

So the tents were well pitched and ready,
with the nicest of beds made of odorous
branches.. All one had to do was to spread
his blankets, make a human roll of himself and
then journey to Slumber Land, regardless of
disturbing gophers or porcupines. But it isas
a cook that the Outfitter shines most brightly.
The elaborate many-coursed meal at.a C. P.
R. hotel tasted no better—and they tAste well
—than the four-course meal Bill served at a
quick lunch speed, with unlimited reserves in
the end of his little cookery tent. Everything

- from mush to bannock and tea was on tap, at

and in between meals and at bed time.

And then the happy times around the camp
fire revealed the Outfitter in a new role—that
of a story-teller of rare quality, a raconteur,
too. Indeed the trail trip as a whole showed
Bill up to be a Gentleman, a Benefactor, and
a Philanthropist. So there!

OUTINGS WITH THE OUTFITTERS

RO

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"
‘
1

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‘

HE howling, roaring, rip tearing nor’-

i easter was dying out—dying out—yes,

but it had been raging for three days and
nights. |

The kind o’ nights that one is glad to sit
beside a cozy fire and read, or perchance
dream, and listen anon to the rattle of closely
fastened shutters, the swish of the sleet
against the glass and the distant rumble and
roar of the surf. Arthur Cheney thought it
music, he sure did, and it was. It was the
sort of music that makes one think and dream
ap wonder, this might of the elements turned
oose.

The puny efforts of man to imitate this wild
music are feeble indeed to those who have seen
both and have tried to compare the two, but
we are getting away from our story. Cheney
was not up at 4 a.m. this blustery morning to
watch the elements for their own sake. No,
far from it. He could be in bed and hear that
wild music, and as far as seeing things out of
doors, ite was hardly light enough for that as
yet, but he did glance out at the grayish light
in the eastern sky and down toward the little
harbor where the boats were tugging at their
secure moorings like so many restless steeds
impatient at being held in check.

Back inside again he hooks the storm door
and starts the fire which had already been laid
in the kitchen stove. All this is done by the
light of a kerosene lamp, which sits in_its
bracket against the wall a little to one side of
the table. ‘Whew’, he mutters, as a fierce
gust of wind shakes the little house. “It’s
going to be a hum dinger of a morning over on
the bar, but guess the wind’ll die out or shift
round a bit. “If she don’t I’ll get mine

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72

372

F. V. Williams -

comin’ back’’, and he grinned to himself as he
thought of bucking half a gale back from the
bar which lay nearly a mile off shore from the
harbor.

All thought of the wind troubling him passed
away as soon as he stepped out of doors how-
ever, and it had abated half its fury before he
got the decoys into the dinghy, and the gun,
shell bag, etc. stored away. It was just a good
stiff breeze and though it was falling every
minute it sent him scudding along before
it towards the shooting place.

The tide was.just right and it was but the
work of a few moments to set out the decoys
and get the boat hidden in a small gulch.

Away to seaward there appeared a short
irregular line of fast moving black specks.
They came at a remarkable speed, low down
on the water, and straight in toward the bar,
at two hundred yards. They took the form
of ducks, and now it was possible to distin-
guish the species, four black, and two grey
coots, or scoters. The two greys kept on
their way, while the four blacks circling round
and taking an observation came back and
setting.their wings scaled in over the wooden
imitations riding at their anchors. There was
a spurt of flame, but the report of the heavy
duck gun would scarcely have reached you a
few rods away as the wind in shifting had again
increased and swept the report away as sud-
denly asitcame. One of the coots, the leader,
hit the water with a splash. There was ano-
ther splash, and this time a clean miss as the
birds swerved and went hustling away down
the wind.

The hunter scrambles into his boat and
rowing as swiftly as possible gets the fowl he

O HUNTERS

ty a]
—_ sc. ~
.

has just knocked down. He-does not, how-
ever, get back in time to get a chance at the
next bunch, as four sea-ducks, (eider ducks)
round the end of the ledge just as he is hauling
out his boat again, Bad luck, but a few
minutes later he scores two clean kills out of a
small flock of old squaws, and so the sport
went on. Visions of a duck pot pie with
dumplings that float about like summer clouds
and almost melt in your mouth are interrupted
by a puff of wind that comes along shore, and
ee toward the decoys he realizes that

is shooting is about over for the forenoon, as
the wind has swung out and is breezing up
again. He has six fine ducks, four coots, and
two old squaws. At the whistling of wings
over head the shooter’s hand went instinctive-
ly to the lock of the old gun. Looking up
slowly from under the brim of his sou’-wester-
Cheney saw five golden-eye swing in and
around just within nice range. Bang—bang!
—the shots almost ran into each other, three
birds down, two to stay. Jumping to his
feet he broke his gun but in slipping in the
next two shells one slipped from his finger and
the delay thus caused gave the wounded
golden-eye a chance to recover himself.
Quickly his clouded senses became clear, and
he began to swim low, and then still lower in
the water. A sudden movement on the shore
caused him to dive, and his dive was not the
tenth part of a second too soon. The charge
of heavy duck shot ripped and splattered
across the place where he had been swimming.
The gunner did not get another shot however,
as when the duck came up he was a good
ninety yards off shore and scarcely visible as
the man stood up in the boat to look for him.
The wind was increasing and his decoys were
badly entangled so he decided to quit for the
morning. He had had a well rewarded
morning’s shoot and there was a decided va-
cant feeling under his belt which became more
insistent with each passing hour. With the
decoys and his fine bunch of.ducks he turned
homeward, the southwest wind bowling in off
the Atlantic helping him as the dying nor’-
easter had assisted on his way out.

The wounded golden-eye had swum off
shore perhaps half a mile, drifting off to lee-
ward as he got the full force of the freshening
breeze. Two pellets out of the charge of shot
had struck him, one in the body and one
nipping the tip of his wing. This was painful
and also made diving an awkward business
as the tip of broken feathers was beyond his
control. The shot in the body had pene-
trated perhaps an eighth of an inch and he
attended to this by pushing and pecking at it
with his bill until it was finally dislodged. It
was fortunate indeed for him that this shot
was on the outside edge of the charge,—or shall
we say unfortunate—had it gone straight in it
would have been a death wound. The wound
became less painful and now he began to feel
hungry. It was well along in the afternoon.
He had drifted for hours, the wind had in-
creased to a small sized gale which had kicked
up a cross sea in the tide ripps and made
swimming a trying ordeal for even this natural
born navigator. Presently he was aware of
the shore line again. A quarter of a mile to
leeward the surf beat against a long row of

immense boulders, that now at half tide

spume about them. Slowly, his tired leg
working steadily, he pulled along outside thi
barrier. For a long distance inside he coule
see comparatively quiet water, once inside
there his natural insinct told him_ there was

food and rest, and even as he drifted he saw :

his chance. There was a space between two
of the larger boulders where the water was
evidently much deeper as the heavy seas
raced shoreward. ‘Through this space with
hardly a break, the duck turned and swani
straight in. Just between the boulders he
dove and though it was a painful proceedin
he went deep down and pulled a few a

shellfish, which he was still endeavoring to

swallow when he came to the surface.

Here was a place for caution—the shore was
scarcely a hundred feet distant at this point,
and from the edge of the water back another
hundred feet rose the dark rocky cliffs of a
large island. Carefully for a half hour the
wounded bird swam slowly about watching
every boulder and tree and brush shelter on
the cliff side for a movement of any kind, but

the only signs of life were the gulls which flew-

occasionally overhead. Presently an old gull
alighted on a jutting piece of the cliff and at
this sign of security the golden-eye started
feeding off the sides of the rocks which had
been uncovered by the ebb tide. This indeed
was a haven, though the wind howled and the
sea raged. He could always find food here
at low tide, and at high tide there was a bit of
a creek that he discovered in the face of the
cliff where he could rest securely.

It was not yet sun up but the light was
sufficient for seeing objects at quite some dis-
tance. The September gale, the nor’ easter,
had cut many queer capers.
snow squalls and a bit of sleet-—something the
oldest inhabitant did not remember—and it
had caught the big eagle off shore worrying a
fish hawk. We do not know what happened
to the fish hawk. Suffice it to say that the
fish he had been forced to drop had been struck
by a heavy foam capped wave and was sub-
merged before the eagle got to it. Then the
first snow squall had shut out the mainland
and he had turned and come down the wind
until he reached the island.

Back in the brush and scrub timber was a
small pond and at the sight of some muskrat
doings, he had decided to stop here. He did
stop, and also the muskrats stopped being so
bold in the daylight. It was a simple matter
for them, after seeing one of his raids that

nearly took one of their number away to the ©

tree tops as eagle food,—to postpone certain
of their duties until after nightfall.

The big eagle had changed his hunting
ground. High up on the cliff was an old fir
stub and here he had taken up his new stand.
Moreover the big bird was hungry, perhaps
that made an unusually keen eye the more
keen on this particular morning. Twice since
the day broke he had half opened his heavy
wings to make a dash after flocks of diving
fowl that went whisking by against the dark
foam capped water below, but the chances
were too great against him, for well he knew
how the diving ducks could navigate in the
heavy swell that was running, and how it
handicapped himself.

showed their rugged backs through the white

There had been

The y dawn had grown to gold and the
Beolish cl ouds with flame fringed edges were
ast giving place to the broader, stronger lights

of the day. A gull scaled by on set pinions,

watching the waters below. The big golden
eagle gave him a short glance, then launched
himself into the air, ascending in long spirals
until the landscape spread as a panorama
below him. Then on a long slant he shot
down toward the little inland pond. Two
muskrats there were in sight, but they dived
into safety before he was within striking dis-
tance, and in a long circle he came back over
the coast line once more, slowly, scanning
every pool and possible hiding place for a meal.

The eagle beat his way along shore. Just here

a small creek had formed and now that the

tide was only two thirds flood there was quite

a bit of shallow water babbling over. the peb-

bles down toward the smooth water just in-

side the barrier of boulders.

The feathered hunter pulled up and hung
head to the wind. What had caused that ever
widening circle on the water? Patiently he
waited, and his patience was rewarded by
seeing a green head, dark green blending into
a fine purple, the pure white spot on either

side of the ss showing off with great effec
against the light back ground of foam and
broken water. The golden-eye was a
He had his choicest feeding ground dir
below him and in the last few days had res
and fed to his heart’s content. In fact the
splintered wing tip was to a greater or less
degree off his mind this morning as it had
reached a stage where he could dive without
its hurting him.

Of a sudden there was the ‘whirr’ and rush
of air as great wings came hustling down
straight at the startled duck. Frantically he
dived, but it was a short dive and in the wrong ©
direction. He came to the surface and went
flopping, half submerged toward the line of
friendly breakers. If he could but reach
them! One good dive under the crest of a —
giant comber and he would feel reasonably
safe. Three feet more—but he never reached
it. The great eagle’s talons grasped him
and in one fierce wrench his life went out, and
as the flaming sun peered over the horizon
there could be seen a great ep leisurely
making a meal off a fat wild fowl high up on
the face of the gray cliff.

The second hunter had won the prize.

B.C.

PYAHOSE who speak of the wild duck are
I not always aware that the term covers
over thirty species. Only a few of
_ these species are familiar even to sportsmen ;
some are not edible ducks, whilst the remain-
der are very rare visitors indeed, if visitors
at all. It is not, however, my intention to
_ further digress upon the varieties of duck
with which a gunner may meet, but rather
to speak in general tefms of the sport which
the commoner kinds provide. .
Ducks are creatures of uniform habits ;
their preference is for inland waters, except
in very bad or severe weather, when they
_ take themselves to the sea to escape the
_ freezing over of their homes. It must be
admitted, in addition, that some birds pre-
fer the sea even when climatic conditions
are mild; but these ducks are generally
- migrants which have not yet discovered a
J

DUCK FLIGHTING

Tillett

river or piece of inland water to their liking
But whether it is the sea or some inland-
water which the ducks patronize by day, they
spend the greater portion of the daylight hours
in rest, and it is only when the dusk of even-
ing falls that they sally forth on their food
hunting expeditions.

It is then that the sportsman takes his
chief toll of them. Night after night, unless
unduly alarmed, the ducks will follow the
same line of flight, and it is this knowledge
of their habits that enables the gunner to
post himself so that he may intercept them
in their journeyings. There are few more
exciting forms of shooting. Crouched in
his hide among the reeds, or behind the
sand dunes, the sportsman conceals him-
self as much as possible, often in the bitter-—

est weather, motionless, waiting, listening. _
His ears are his chief aid to success; only _

dimly in the failing light can he see around
him, and the first coming of the ducks will
be heralded by the well-known whistling
of their wings. His attention thus arrested,
he searches the gloom for the dark quickly
travelling specks; for a second he espies
them, just long enough to get off his two bar-
rels, and then they are gone in the night
leaving behind them, if the aim be true,
one or two of their member to fall with a
resounding splash or thud.

Flight-time lasts in the evening for some
thirty minutes. During this time, if there
are many birds about, a gunner may fire
as many or more shots. On other occasions
he will have to be content with the expendi-
ture of two or three cartridges and an empty
bag ; while yet again, he may return: home
with a clean barrel. Many things make for
success—concealment, knowledge of the lines
of flight, good shooting, of course, but above
all, a strong head-wind blowing against the
ducks, so that they will be forced to fly
low to get along against it, and so bring
themselves within range of the guns. For
ducks are cunning creatures ; much _ shoot-
ing has taught them that the higher they fly,
the safer they are, and on calm, still nights
they seldom fly within range unless the
gunner is lucky enough to be posted just

DUCK FLIGHTING

where they are dropping down to feed.

The morning flight, which occurs again —

just as darkness turns to dawn, is more gen-
erally productive of sport. For one thing,
it is more prolonged, and for another, it is
growing lighter every moment instead of
darker. In the early autumn of the year
the ducks will be flighting over the stubbles
to feed ; later on they are more difficult to
locate, and their preference may be for some
grass field lightly covered with flood water.
In really hard weather the surest place to
wait for them is some unfrozen piece of
running water ; the water, ducks must have,
and they will find it if there is any to be found
and, moreover, they will come great distances
to it.

For those who indulge in flight shooting
a strong and plucky dog is essential, it does
not matter much whether it is spaniel or a re-
triever, so long as it will bring birds quickly
to hand. Certain breeds of the first-named
variety are perhaps the best, for they are
happier in the water than out of it, and do
not mind breaking the ice to go in. Ducks
which fall at flight time often cannot be mark-
ed down with the eye so that the dog is really
as necessary then, as if they had dropped,

as many do, into the water.

A NORTHERN FISHING TRIP

Jack Livingston

OUNDING the low rocky point the
lake lay before us in the grey dawn of an
early northern morning. KO-Ko-Ko

Lake, named after the hoot of the great owl
that sends its boom through the still night
air, was being plowed by the bow of our canoe,
and as the placid surface of the lake unfolded
itself to our view, dotted here and there by
towering rocky islands clothed in their coat
of virgin green, intercepted by deep bluffs of
grey rock or low shelving reaches, the pad-
dles were dragged in the water, and the
beauties of Nature that were so bountiful
here were contemplated in silent admiration
by Smith and myself.

Like sentinels jealously guarding their
domains, a pair of loons announced our in-
trusion by rising erect and skimming along the
surface, sending their weird cry, which echoed

‘and re-echoed around us in ever increasing

circles, leading one to believe that hosts of
loons were uniting in proclaiming their de-
fiance of our sacrilege in disturbing their
solitude.

Our reverie was rudely broken in a spec-
tacular and if Smith’s piscatorial tastes be
considered, in a manner that was _ highly
pleasing to him. The water close to the bow
of our canoe'was parted and a long limp body
flashed in the golden rays of the ever rising
sun. For a moment its dark green mottled
form curved, and its cruel flat head and gaping
mouth could be seen, then it was gone, leaving
a little circle of ever increasing ripples.

Four days previous to this, Smith and I had
been sweltering in the noisy reportorial room
of a Toronto newspaper, the news gatherers
all pounding out their dope, constant cries of
“boy” from the chief, the floor a mass of copy
paper and well smoked cigarettes. Smith,
who was helping me_ gaze _ vacantly into
space, a habit that I have when seeking in-
spiration, suddenly said, ‘‘Jack, is there any
place in that country of yours that you own
up north’ (all the boys refer to it as my own
particular hemisphere) ‘“‘where we can ex-
change the roar of a busy street for the rush
of running waters; the heat of the city for a
cool breeze laden with the odor of pine and
green islands; the strange looking morsel
called fish for a spider filled with the real
article, cooking a golden brown over an open
fire. If there is such a place inthis turbulent
world, lead me to it.”

After such a poetical outburst, (Smith is
usually very reticent), I knew that something
would have to be done immediately to save
Smith from some horr!ble fate, so I said
‘Brother Smith, there is such a place, a small
lake, where one can see deep into the limpid
depths, far from the maddening crowd, where
our,only companions will be the loons, where
the fish can be had for the mere fishing, where
your bed will be cut from the balsam, and the
blue sky overhead only separated by the can-
vas of your tent.”

Smith listened respectfully to my flow of
eloquence and then said “‘Does that mean that

|
ke
4
5:

we are going?” His query brought me back
to more worldly things and I answered in the
affirmative.

Thus after a train ‘ride of three hundred
miles, during all of which Smith insisted upon
sleeping saying he would then have all the
more time to fish, and after a paddle of fifteen
miles, we reached the peaceful solitude that
Smith’s ascetic spirit craved. I noticed the
years as it were roll off his shoulders, (he is
only twenty-five), and the care-lines disappear
as if by magic from-his countenance, and when
my blissful contemplation of the golden orb,
now flashing across the lake and tinging the
water and its shore line of the forest in a
brassy glare, was rudely broken by Smith
saying, “Gee, I am hungry, let’s eat” a
similar operation having taken place only an
hour before, I knew that our holiday was
already bearing fruit and that another
promising young man had been saved from an
early grave.

Before proceeding further with this nar-
rative I would like to express, and I am posi-
tive that Smith also joins me in this, a bene-
diction on the maker of our canoe, a pleasure
model Sunnyside Cruiser. In appearance it
was almost like any other canoe. It had that
long narrow tippable figure that middle aged
people are inclined to look upon as a short
road to a wet death, but, which to an ex-
experienced canoeist stands for speed and more
speed. . Mind I do not mean to infer that we
are in that class. Canoeing is not our strong
forte. Our friendship with canoes has.mostly
been gathered through attending regattas,
and then rushing back to the office with early
copy.

It was all very pleasant coming the first leg,
three hundred miles by rail with nothing to do
but recline at our ease in the cushioned seats
of the Pullman and make expert remarks
regarding the crops and the wisdom of laying
in a store of vegetables for the coming hard
winter. In the canoe, a water vehicle that
required a certain amount of applied muscle,
it was entirely different. Our method of
paddling was so very refined and quiet. I
would paddle-a stroke and watch Smith go
through a few fancy motions with his paddle.
He would then stop and fuss with his pipe,
the same pipe requiring very constant at-
tention. Again I repeat that if it had not
been for the wonderful running qualities of
our Sunnyside Cruiser, our holiday would have
been over before we reached our destination.

But to get back to more worldly things,
Smith’s appetite, which had turned out to be
one of the most fearful and wonderful things
on the trip, was bothering him again. A
description of how Smith fed, pampered and
humored that appetite of his in every con-
ceivable way on that trip would fill a book.
It might also bring shame to the minds of
numerous young gentlemen who have been
afflicted in the same way on similar trips.

As we were now well into the body of the
lake, the next consideration was our cqmp.
A low rocky island looked very inviting to
the left and accordingly the canoe was headed
for there. Reaching the island it proved to
be an ideal camp, having been used by other
parties for the same purpose. ‘This was evi-
dent from the empty cans, benches and a

: Regeig? H-oik 5
ROD AND G

- rough table that was erected under the shelter
After a moment’s con-

of a small jack-pine.
sideration Smith and I agreed that this should
be our headquarters from which we would
raid the lake for the big pike for which it was
famous.

Smith, who will want to delay his final call
for a last fish, insisted upon immediately
having a whirl at them, but I explained to him
in a very forcible manner that it was always
customary to pitch the tent first so as to have
shelter should the elements change. This
was done and after the tent was rigged up,
pack-sacks unpacked and perishable articles
stored away under canvas, things began to
look more camp shape. We then decided
that in paddling three miles and crossing a
portage, a hundred yards long that wound
gently over a mound fringed with silver-brich
second-growth, we had accomplished all that
our union called for and that something to eat
would not come amiss.

The meal was prepared amid a scene of
great preparation. and unusual activity on
Smith’s part, such as laying out the silver
plate, arranging the china with an occasional
remark regarding the slowness of the cook,
myself. We were all ready at the same time
and amid a solemn stillness as far as speech
was concerned, a substantial meal of bacon,
canned tomatoes, fried mush left over from
our previous meal, huge slabs of bread and
coffee in proportion, was tucked away in
record time. Clearing up was a very simple ~
matter as there were no edibles left and the
dishes were submerged in the water, where
they would remain until the fast was broken.

After that we decided to spend the morning
in peaceful meditation. Accordingly the
blankets were sought, and in that congenial
position, backs very close to the wool, knees
any place, the day sped swiftly by and as the
shadows began to lengthen and the heat of the
day cooled, we knew that our fishing hour had
arrived.

Smith rigged up his tackle, jointed his steel
rod, and displayed a brand new silk line, re-
marking with evident pride as he did so, “I
beat the old man down half a buck on this
line. It should be mighty good.”

The start for the fishing ground was akin
to a circus parade. Everything had to be
checked off. First we commenced with the
canoe, then the fishing pole, pipes and to-
bacco followed and then last but not least,
we checked off ourselves. Our method on the
trip was thorough. My attention was drawn
to a long vicious knife that Smith laid care-
fully on the bottom of the canoe, and I said

“What have you brought your bread knife

along for George?’’ Running his finger along
the edge, he muttered fiendishly, “For stab-
bing the fish.” My sympathies at that time
were with the fish. I was rather surprised
at this latest symptom in Smith, but as-
cribed it to a primeval instinct which cer-
tainly boded ill for our finny victims.

On coming into the lake our attention had
been called to a low second-growth lined
shore, where the water, which was shallow,
swung the water lilies and the rushes to and
fro, occasionally submerging them as an extra
strong puff of wind darted out from among
the tiny islands and ruffled the surface of the

e into ever rolling swells. We knew that
such a shore must abound in pike for had not
both of us spent a long weary day among the
dusty shelves of the public library, reading
everything that came under the letter F.

Our arrival at the fishing ground was a
moment of nerve-racking excitement. Smith
insisted upon standing up in the canoe and
casting his spoon, the old method of running
his line out by the reel being too antique for
his advanced idea of fishing. P
_ Coming down I had a head-wind to contend

-with, but being very far sighted, especially
where the question of manual labor is con-
cerned, I conceived the idea of drifting with
the wind. Of course I did not acquaint

Smith with my real motive, merely informing

him that all trolling had to be carried out in
accordance with the direction in which the
wind was blowing.

But to use an old phrase ““We were both
set.” Smith was firmly wedged in the bottom
of the canoe, his steel pole was bending to the
strain of the line, which hummed far back of
us, every now and then giving a slight sag as
the brightly burnished troll would dart over
the surface, sending a spark of light forth like
aray from a sun caught minnow. I may add
that deeply thrust in the foot-board before
Smith was his knife. That knife had been
plunged in so viciously that I was afraid the
canoe would be scuttled when it was with-
drawn.

The fishing was now splendid, at least as far
as I was concerned. The breeze, which was
now blowing strongly, gently rolled the canoe,
the only exertion called for being a delicate
dab from my paddle to keep it fairly straight.
I could not say positively that the bow was
always heading in the right direction, most of
the time it was the side that was the bow,
but that was a minor consideration.

For were we not both in the wildness with
miles and miles of dense bush separating us
from civilization, our only neighbors the
moose and the bear, the only sound the weird
cry of the loon and the soft lapping of the
water among the miniature breakers of the
bush-lined shore. As we drifted along, lulled
by the strange and soothing spirit of the un-
fettered north, my imagination began to run
riot and before me I could see long lines of
dusty red people slowly paddling along the
lake, the bucks ahead in their slimmer crafts,
the squaws following, sitting cross-legged in
the bottoms of their more unwieldy birch
boats, their loads consisting of the traps,
papooses and dogs.

This vision passed and now the canoes were
fewer and what a change. The occupants,
though still dark, were now clothed semi-
civilized, their burdens, baled furs to be
bartered at the nearest Hudson Bay post
for the fire-water of the “white-man”’ or the
gaudy cottons so dear to the heart of the
squaw.

Still another glimpse and now the canoes
were no longer birch. They had slimmer out-

~ Imes and skimmed the surface smoothly and
more swiftly. Quiet, determined and stern
faced men, scanned the rock lined shore, as
they silently worked their paddles, now
pausing to examine the shore line carefully
pulling in their light craft to disappear into

the unknown. They were the prospec
the harbingers of civilization. -

This pleasant contemplation of ‘mine we
rudely shattered by an ear piercing yell fr
Smith, who was holding on fiercely to his pole,
which was bent in a graceful rainbow shape,
strong quivers were coming from the Re a
which appeared as if there was a dead weight
attached. Smith, in his excitement, was fo
standing up in the canoe and hauling the fis
in hand over hand, evidently forgetting the
function of the nickle reel that he sported 6n
his steel pole.

I finally peed upon Smith to resume
his seat in the bottom of the canoe and mani-
pulate the reel while I paddled slowly ahead. —
During this time the strain had never slackened
and we were both convinced that in some
unaccountable manner the bottom of the lake
was being torn up and that we would soon be
high and dry like Noah and his Ark of old.

As a result of our unsurpassed ignorance of
all that pertained to fish and fishing we did not
know that Mr. Pike was living up to his re-
putation as a crafty fighter, and merely re-
serving his strength for the last round. Sulk-
ing as soon as he felt the barbed hooks of the ~
troll snare him, there was nothing doing ‘until
Smith, who had been strenuously reeling,
brought him within a yard of the surface.
Then the fun started and incidentally Smith’s
troubles, for with a whirl of his huge mottled ~
body, the pike swiftly ran out in a few seconds,
the line that had taken Smith an equal number x
of minutes to reel in. The battle that fol- s.
lowed between a sly old he-pike that was A
determined not to grace the bottom boards of
our canoe, and Smith—whose previous fishing :
experience was acquired in his bare-footed -
days, when the old bass pool was raided with ‘
cotton and pin—, was a memorable one. ¥
Time and time again the fish would whirl ;
heavily-and run out the line that poor arm- 4
tired Smith had reeled in slowly. Both be- ;
grudged an inch to the other and it was fully
one half hour before Smith’s prize floated, the
white up, besides the canoe, allowing me to
run a finger beneath the gill and flop a twelve
pound beauty into his lap.

What followed can only be described as a
wrestling match between Smith, armed with
his bread-knife, and a long greasy pike that
had a tendency to squirm akin to that of a

y para
2

snake. The canoe rocked as if in the grip of a 3
gale and I saw visions of myself among the =
rushes on the bottom of the shallow lake. ~ ~
Smith had now managed to put a strangle

‘ss
met he te

hold on the pike but only after he had fought
it to a finish in the bottom of the boat and
transferred its scales to his own person. The
end was now near, however, for Mr. Pike was
firmly wedged to the floor of the canoe and the
knife was uplifted. I draw a veil over what
occurred next as I do not wish to have any one
think that Smith had a lust for blood. The
pike lay dead and Smith, purging his knife
into the water, exultingly said “Jack; when
it comes to fishing you have got to hand it to
me.” I agreed, for it was one of the most
unique and at the same time masterly ex-
hibitions of catching, landing and despatching
a fish that had ever come under my observa-
tion.

dy

ster
ny

3
vy

hes

—_,

on ie ev 4
(Deere tains
bod pe eee =>

wee
wt ee,

TY a)

oan yes
The short half hour that followed was a
repetition of the first catch. Some of them
were larger than the first and some were
smaller but the same system was adopted. by
- Smith to handle them all. No mercy was
shown, it was ‘‘thumbs up” and by the time
__we had secured five beauties the floor of the
~ eanoe resembled a young battle field. The
knife was now crimson, the floor was of the
game hue and Smith resembled a mer-man,
_ for he was scales from head to foot. This was
wheat to him however, for in his wildest and
most vivid piscatorial imaginings, he had never
dreamed of puliing from their watery lairs
such huge fellows as now adorned the bottom
a of our boat.
‘The short paddle to our camp, through the
gloom of the fast fading day will long linger
in my memory as the close of a perfect day,
though to Smith, the fact that he had fished
and caught, was sufficient for him. He gazed
at the fish with the same expression that a
- miser would gloat over his gold and when I
asked him what we were going to do with
them all, he replied, ““Why eat them, what do
you think?” The prospect of trying to get
outside of that mountain of fish meat was too
much for me and I asked him who was going
to help us with the task of disposing of them.
This, however, did not daunt him, for he
merely answered ‘“‘Well, I am feeling pretty
fair myself, Jack.”
- Our first evening in camp. What a glow
of peace and harmony with our humble per-

<i)

a ee Ft : * ? Ye
sons and the world beyond seemed to steal —
: We needed to build no castles n the *
air for we were content with our lot and as we ©

th lab aa “Ae : .
Se ae A we Rl, ae

over us.

ate the lengthening shadows of the fast dis-
appearing sun faded, and slowly the hour of
twilight, that mysterious hour when day and
night blend, enfolded all. Our only light was
the flickering rays of our camp fire, that would
smoulder and then suddenly flare forth, as the
flames ate into the life sustaining sap of the
jack-pine roots, which breaking into flame,
would cast our crouched shadows in strange

and fantastic silhouettes upon the surface of —

the placid water.

The pipes were now out, and as the fragrance
of ‘‘Our Lady Nicotine” mingled with the odor
of the pines and God’s pure air, who were more
happy than we? Now the sun’s golden ball
had suddenly dropped beyond our vision and
the stars took up their burden, sparkling with
an intensity that rivaled diamonds set in
platinum.

Our fire now dimmed and with it seemed to
go the last of a perfect day. The vast infinite,
the realization of our insignificance in the
world around was brought forcibly to us. The
balsam bed was now sought and lulled by the
never ceasing splash of the tiny furrows of
water against the rock lined shore, cur first
day incamp came to anend. The last sound
that Smith and I heard was the great grey
owl, as across the lake there floated his
“Ko-Ko Ko.”

oer NE afternoon along about the middle
et =) of April I think it was, as I was back
_ —' in my field engaged in splitting wood
thought I heard the honk, honk of wild
sese. I at first thought that I must be
istaken for it was seldom that the geese
turned before the last of April or the first
May. I paused in my work and listen-
1; again came the familiar sound, and
resently I saw, far away in the distance,
large flock of geese.
I suppose there was a couple of hundred
ese in the flock, and the day being very
calm they were flying in easy reach of a
rifle ; but not having my gun along I could
only watch them as they flew away.. Dur-
ing the afternoon other flocks flew over,
- going in the same direction, as the first flock.
_ I judged that they were bound for Cedar
- Island, a small island near the entrance of
Lazy Bay. This island had long been noted
for the large number of geese to be found
on it, in the spring and fall, and it was a
favorite spot for hunting them.

_ The weather for the past week had been
unusually fine and. warm for the time of
year, with stiff breezes from the south-west.
The oldest inhabitants said that they had not
seen such a fine and warm April for years.

Perhaps there was truth in the saying ‘a

A GOOSE HUNT IN NOVA SCOTIA

Harold R. Hurd

stormy March makes a fine April.’”’ March
had been a terribly cold and stormy month.

The ice in the harbour and bay had broken
up and gone out to sea, but it still lingered
off the coast, as if waiting for a east wind
to drive it all back into the harbour again.

I made up my mind to take a boat and
try and reach Cedar Island, that night if
possible hoping to have a goose hunt pro-
vided the weather continued fine. At tea
time I “called up’’ Horace Blanchard one
of my friends and old chums and asked
him if he had seen the geese. He said that
he hadn’t. I told him about the flocks of
the afternoon and we arranged for a goose
hunt that evening.

Horace and I had had a good many hunt-
ing trips together both in the harbour and
in the forests. In fact we were firm com-
rades ; and had been since we were large
enough to walk. Our parents’ homes were
right near each other.

I told my folks where we were going ;
and taking my shot gun and a savage rifle
.303 calibre, also a lunch, I harnessed and
started. On my way I called for Horace.

We decided to drive to Dawson’s point
and leave the team and from there take a

boat across to the island. This we did, _
leaving the team at my uncle’s, and getting

i)
S

w

iz

-.

* oD

ry

is

A GOOSE HUNT

the loan of his motor boat. Dad had a share
: in the boat, so I felt no uneasiness in taking
it, and running the risk of the ice.

We filled the tank with gasolene and got
the boat ready for the journey. We were
to cross to the island, approaching: it on
the south side. Thus we could land and
secure the boat in a thick spruce grove, and
from there make our way to the open por-
tion of it, keeping a sharp lookout for the
geese.

The island was about a mile from the near-
est shore. The boat house being down the
shore from the island some distance, the
distance from it to the island was about
two miles. We took a wide circle and ap-
proached the island on the south side.

The evening air was quite mild and it was
as calm as an evening in June. The wash
of the water against the sides of the boat
made a pleasant sound, known only to those
who are fond of boating, and the sea. The
put-put of the engine filled one’s mind
with pleasant anticipations of many a spin
in the evening of the approaching summer.

The sun was just setting as we reached
the island. I think I shall always remem-
ber that sunset. The sun seemed to be
setting into the sea, and as it was just drop-
ping behind the horizon, it sent a yellow
gleam across the water, forming as it were
a path of light, in the midst of the ocean
desert. The sky in the west was of such
_a crimson color, fading away, until it changed
to the black blue of the evening sky. The
scene was equal to any ocean sunset in the
summer.

We reached the island and secured the
boat to an overhanging tree, and taking out
our guns, prepared to make our way through
the thick grove of evergreens, to the other
side of the island, where we guessed the
geese were.

“Isn’t the evening a grand one for April,?”
exclaimed Horace, as he picked up his gun
and began to enter the woods. As we enter-
ed the woods the hardly noticeable breeze
fell to a dead calm and a great stillness pre-
vailed. “‘Go easy,’ cautioned Horace, ‘‘in
this calm they may hear us quite a distance.”

At length we reached the open part of
the island and there, not ten yards away
from the base of the woods were several
geese. They had evidently heard us, for
they were standing with raised heads, look-
ing toward where we were about to enter
the clearing. We decided to wait for a while,
as the geese were scattered. At dark they
would gather together for the night, and then
we could fire into the bunch and secure a
goodly number.

At the edge of the woods stood an old
camp, fitted up purposely for the accommo-
dation of goose hunters. In one corner
was an old stone fireplace ; and around the
walls there were three bunks. Many were
the yarns that had been told around a blaz-
ing fire in the fireplace, as a group of sports-
men spent the night at the camp. Many
a night I have spent there.

“Looks about the same as when we left
it last fall, doesn’t it,’ said Horace as we

q entered the camp. I made some answer,
__ about its being so dark that I couldn’t see,

‘ oS
and added that “no one else could
seen the geese flying over, or else we w
have had company’; when the door w
blown shut, by a brisk breeze that had arise

“Hello! change of wind,” exclaimed Hor- —
ace. On opening the door I found to my
surprise, that the wind had suddenly shifted to
the east. and that it was blowing a brisk
gale. R
“We've got to get out of here,” said my —
friend as soon as we got outside the camp, ~~
“but let’s have a try: at the geese first.”
So saying he picked up his shot gun, and
peered through the bushes in order to learn
the. position of the geese. I followed his
example, but when I looked out into the ©
open, I saw something more than geese to
attract my attention. Away to the east-
ward a heavy, black mass of clouds were
rapidly spreading over what had promised
to be a beautiful evening sky.

“There’s a storm coming,’ I shouted to
Horace, unmindful of the geese, and as I
looked toward him, I saw him raise his gun.
The flock of geese also was aware of the
approaching storm, and they were prepar-
ing to take flight again.

Horace fired into the flock as they arose,
which they did almost as soon as I had
spoken. Taking in the situation, I fired
in the direction of the flock, and succeed-
ed in killing one. Horace had got two
killed and wounded one.

There was not a moment to lose, for the
white line of ice, which we had seen at the
mouth of the harbour as we were on our
way to the island, was now being driven,
by the east wind, directly on shore.

As Horace had said, there was not a mo-
ment to lose, already we could see numer-
ous ice cakes floating past. We hurriedly
gathered our geese together, and taking
our guns, made for the boat. We were soon
aboard it, and making our way toward the
mainland shore.

The wind had now increased to a gale.
The icy spray flew over the sides of the boat
and completely soaked us. The ice was
being driven into the harbour, more rapidly
than we had expected. and before we were
half way to the shore the ice cakes were
crashing and grinding all about us. Now ~
and again one would strike against the sides
of the boat threatening to tear away the
side. We soon saw that we could not reach
the boathouse so we decided to make straight
for shore and turned the boat’s head that
direction.

We were now running in a direction at
right angles to the incoming tide and the
wind ; and the huge cakes of ice pounded
against the sides of the boat with such fury
that we expected to be out in the water at
almost any moment.

We could see far ahead along the shore BY
a white line of ice cakes as they were piled =
up on the shore by the tide. Both of us
had the same’ thought ; would we be able
to reach the shore at all.

There was a small island not far off shore
with several trees growing on it ; and pres-
ently Horace who was in the prow of the
boat turned and shouted above the roar

ad ‘ Y eile /
EL CO) ee Ge

bein aw 1S)

as

“Ss
a
4
2
a

=
2

#~f the wind. and clashing ice,
island, we can’t get to shore.”

is face was as white as marble, and
“suppose mine was likewise. The island
s nearly opposite us by this time, and I
ected the boats’ head directly for it. It
as hard work, for the current was bound
- to carry us out of our course. But at last
we were able to reach the island, and with
_ great difficulty we pulled the boat up out

of reach of the tide. The idea of two of
us landing a motor boat may seem strange
- to some readers ; but we were aided in our
7 work by the wind and tide. (We landed
oe on the east side of the island).

Between the island and the shore was
‘a narrow channel, and this was by this time,
3 filled with crashing ice cakes. It looked
terrible to us, and brought despair to our
ae hearts, and indeed i might, for there was
nothing for it, but to walk on the ice cakes
__ to the shore beyond.
the is!and without freezing to death.

_ Many of our readers are doubtless familiar
with the delightful little sketches of woodland
life published from week to week by Mr. S.
T. Wood, in the editorial pages of the Toronto
Globe. These little nature essays have been
ected and published in book form under
heading ““Rambles of a Canadian Natura-
”, by J. M. Dent & Sons, Toronto. The
or although a busy newspaper man in a
sy city office has yet found time to lead two
one at his desk and one in the open.
his wanderings on the outskirts of the city
mg the woods or in the marsh Mr. Wood
become familiar with all the beautiful
gs of nature, finding in these happy hunt-
grounds the source of knowledge and in-
tion that has made possible the writing
his many delightful sketches. Not only in
e summer time is Mr. Wood a devotee of the

‘make for the ch

We could not stay on’

=. GOBLINS
Bill Riverside

At sundown, on the forest skirting path,

I heard a Banshee pitch its eery strain,

At times hysterical, with fiendish wrath,
Then Iapsing into wheezing cries of pain,

An awesome hush between the spasms gave
Brief respite from the agonizing wail,

Until I found the maniacal knave,—

A buzzing sliver on a cedar rail.

7 ‘4 “ .
rifles * on the end: bo. we tied t

up in a tree out of reach of the water, a nd
then after a moment’s rest we started for the

shore of the mainland. We had a sicken- | 4

ing dread in our hearts, and we hardly dared
to hope of ever reaching land. .

Horace led the way and I followed the
best I could. Our rubber boots were so
slippery that we could hardly dare to trust
our weight, on the cakes.

have to jump to another.

the shore.
I couldn’t do the same again, I’m sure.
The relief*I felt when I put my foot on the
land again cannot be described. It was
almost unbearable. I thought Horace was
going to faint. We hurried to the nearest

house and obtained dry clothes and hot a

tea, and then made for home.
It was several days before we got our game
and rifles off the island.

“RAMBLES OF A CANADIAN
NATURALIST”

woods and fields but when the little rivers
and marshy places are icebound he finds life
where one less observant would find only a
waste devoid of life. Coming as they do in
book form, with charming color prints from
paintings by Robert Holmes, a Toronto artist,

the essays make an entirely fresh appeal to —

the reader. They follow to a certain extent,
also the chronology of the year, from the
opening of the earliest spring flower till the
closing days of the year when snow covers
the field and meadows. The ways of birds and
beasts and flowers and trees and butterflies
and brooks, the manifold things that con-

tribute to nature’s activities are an open book
to Mr. Wood who leads his readers along with

him into many a pleasant by-path and through.

many a silent place.

Each cake would ©
sink as we stepped upon it, and we would ©
I don’t know ©
how we ever did it, but at last we reached —
We-had done the impossible. —

_' vee

ox

JOHN ROSS: TRADER FOR
mee HUDSON'S BAY CO.

Ralph Harris

Be AY, you ain’t one of them newspaper

stint or reserve.

men, are you?’”’, and the Scotch in John

Ross, trader for the Hudson’s Bay
Company at Fort Graham on the Finley River
manifested itself in his bristling attitude. For
an hour he had been talking to the “news-
paper man”’ laying bare the burdens of a soul
that had for years been cooped up in one of
those out-of-the-way trading points in the
north country. “If you are,’ he continued,
“T’m a goner, for I’ve still got the letter Lord
Strathcona wrote warning me against being
interviewed when I came outside. I knew
I’d get into trouble, when I left home.”

If telling incidents about the trading busi-
ness in the interior was to get him into trouble
John Ross was as good as hung, for of the
fifty-one years he has spent in the north since
being born at Fort Vermilion of the first white
parents on the Peace River, he told without
He says he has not laid up
any of this world’s goods for himself, but to

_ look into the blue eyes of this Scotch trader

zn

a
at

one can see into the honest soul and read the
imprint of good deeds, and know that his
years among the simple folk of the north
instead of leaving him a bankrupt have left
him possessed of the rich heritage of kindly
thoughts for everyone and a philosophy that
knows the difference between wanting what
one has and having what one wants. His
father, Roderick Ross, was descended from the
Rosses who came to the Red River settlement
with Lord Selkirk, and was chief trader for the
Hudson’s Bay Company at Fort Vermilion in
1863. The mother of John Ross was Victoria
Harriott Ross, born in Edmonton, daughter
of John Harriott, a Hudson’s Bay trader at the
old Fort lately torn down in the city of Ed-
monton near the Parliament Buildings.
Victoria Harriott was at Fort Garry when
Roderick Ross came to make her his bride
and her wedding journey was on a two-
wheeled Red River cart to Athabasca Landing,
then on fur scows to the lake of that name,
finishing her journey down the Peace to Fort
Vermilion in a York boat. Alexander Mac-
kenzie, a retired trader of the company now
living here, knew the bride and smilingly tells
of her cheerfulness and kind hospitality. She
was the first white woman to come into the
Peace river country.

John Ross was but a babe in arms when one
day the attention of the natives about the

q _Fort was attracted by the yelling of a man

across the river. Roderick Ross sent a boat-

man to bring the stranger, a white man, over.

A white man at that time was such a novelty

that the newcomer was made more than wel-
- come,—he was treated as one of the family,
_ and there he spent the winter, leaving in the
spring to continue the life of one given to the
-wanderlust that leads men of his kind on and |

the end of time. That man’s name was

381

Jack McQuesten, the father of the Yukon,— _
his a name to be spoken reverently by every
Alaskan miner who ever knew what it was to
be hard up and in need of a friend. According ~
to John’s father, Jack McQuesten seemed then

to feel that somewhere in the great north were

gold fields that would make men marvel.
Years afterward, John Ross, grown to man- |

hood, drifted into the Yukon country and
carried with him a letter from his father to
Jack McQuesten. The big-hearted Mc-
Questen read the letter and almost wept as he
recalled the kindness that had been shown
him on the banks of the Peace by the boy’s
father years ago when he had just begun his
search through the great unknown country
for its gold. ‘

Only once in his life has John Ross ever
been “outside” before now, and that was

during the Chicago Fair when he was but a

lad, and he says he didn’t stay long then
because one day he wandered into a great
retail furrier’s in the Windy City and while
looking about he saw a woman pay eight
hundred dollars for a set of silver fox furs
which he felt sure he recognized as the skins

he had two years previously gotten from an —

Indian in exchange for a can of baking pow-
der, a pound of shot and a pound tin of black
powder. “I was afraid if I stayed any longer
and saw much of that I would lose my use-
fulness in the furtrading business, so I beat it
for the north.”

Mr. Ross floated into Peace River on a raft
and brought with him a sanguine smile that
savored of the great Rockies and the big wild
crags of the Finley. Fort Graham, the post
which he has conducted for the last few years,
is one of those where the Hudson’s Bay Com-
pany is alone in the trade and the goods for
traffic are brought there by way of Fort
George, across the Rockies and down the
Parsnip river, then up the Finley river by
canoe, and when each pound of stuff arrives
at its destination it has cost twenty cents for
freight, so must sell accordingly, each sack of
flour retailing for over twenty dollars, and
other things in proportion. Few white men
pass that way and the post is a typical Indian
fur-trading point. When established some
fifty years ago there were several hundred
Indians there but now the band has dwindled
to only about fifty, ten of them only being
men, and the remainder women and children.
They are of the Beaver tribe and have not
received any treaty monies. They are poor
trappers and live almost exclusively on meat.
For two years past there have been but five
or six births while about twelve of the tribe
have died.

Of the lonely life on the Finley Mr. Ross
speaks vividly. At times, he says, when the
Indians are away hunting the stillness almost
gets a man, and even a squirrel or chipmunk

oe

Sg

v

®

ig We

a tJ
i

ih ok EES et A
dia baeiae

=< ~~

gee ek Moe te

make good company. When by chance a
white prospector passes that way he is made
welcome indeed and lingers at the post as long
as he wills.

The old trader of the hills is on his way to
Edmonton where he expects to be assigned to

HAVE spent many, many pleasant hours
i reading the numerous interesting and
instructive stories written by men and
boys, of their actual experiences with the
gun and trap, published in “‘Rod and Gun.”

Several weeks ago, the thought occurred
to me, how would some of my real past
experiences look in print, in some popular
magazine?

At last, I decided I would eliminate think-
ing the matter over, and get down to the
real work of writing

So here I am, endeavoring to make my
story as interesting as possible, and devoid
of exaggeration.

It was early in March of last spring, that
I was called to the bedside of my oldest
brother, who died before I arrived.

After the funeral was over, I went to
the country, contemplating visiting as many
of my relations, as were scattered around over
the county.

Naturally, I made my headquarters. with
my brother Lewis, who owns our old home
place, where I was born and reared.

Afier visiting around a few days, and havy-
ing some good “‘‘old time’ music on our
violins, I began making inquiries as to the
possibility of finding a fox track.

Every one I asked said no foxes, nor tracks
had been seen in that locality for several
years.

I was far from satisfied by this informa-
tion, though not doubting their sincerity in
the least, but decided I would do a little
roaming around, and look for myself. For
well I knew that foxes might inhabit that
rural district, and yet no one get sight of
one, unless it might be someone who hunt-
ed them.

Furthermore, I was aware of the fact that
not one farmer out of five hundred would
be capable of distinguishing a fox track
from that of a small dog, or even a large
house cat.

In east of our old place lies a tract of
some twelve hundred acres, consisting of
hills, hollows, ridges, woods, thickets, small
creeks and their branches, with some rolling
pastures, and a very few tillable spots, mak-
ing it an ideal tract, for the roaming reynard.

I had been down in the country only a
few days, when a beautiful spread of snow
covered the fields and woods, about two
inches deep, making it just about the right
pepth for following the trail of a lonesome
fox.

|

some new work. This new work must be in.
the north, though for fifty-one years seals a
man’s destiny and henceforth he must breathe
the atmosphere of rancid furs and let his lips
twist over the native tongues, for of the north
he was born and in the north he must die.

FOX HUNTING WITHOUT HOUNDS

C. A. Beeson

Well, after eating a good substantial coun-
try breakfast, putting my double barreled
hammer Stevens together, and exehanging
some shells loaded with number Six shot,
with my 175 pound smiling nephew, for
shells loaded with number four shot, I donned
my hunting apparel, shouldered my gun, and
hiked in the direction of the old time hunt-
ing ground where I knew the shy bushy
tails had roamed years before. ?

No sooner had I reached the edge of this
strip of broken country, than I walked on a
large fox track, that had run after the snow
had ceased falling, the sight of this track,
sure did appeal to me, putting strength and
ambition into my system.

After removing the large bunglesome mit-
ten from my right hand, and instead, put-
ting on a snug fitting canvas glove, that I
might operate the hammers and _ triggers
on very short notice, I proceeded on the
trail of this little runabout.

I trailed and trailed, with utmost care
and quietude, over hills, through fields, thick-
ets and woods, scanning every inch of the
hillsides, especially the ones that lay, so as
to protect the fox from -the strong March
wind, as they always avoid a windy spot,
for their place of abode.

Evidently a hungry fox he was, as he con-
tinued his circling around, back and forth
through the same woods and fields, occasion-
ly digging in the ground for a mouse, once
killing a very large ground mole, which how-
ever he did not eat, evidently they do not
care for moles. Thus he led me on. About
nine o'clock, the sun shone out very brightly,
and the snow began to melt rapidly.

I continued my effort of keeping on his
track for an hour or two, by circling the spots
where the snow was gone, and finding it
again, where there was still snow, but this
sort of trailing was growing quite monoton-
ous, and it was only a short time until all
the snow was gone, and to my sorrow I was
compelled to give up the chase for the time
being, without even jumping the long winded
critter once. ;

So in the direction of that old home place
I went where I knew there would be a good,
palatable country meal waiting for me, and
I’ll say I did it justice.

After I had rested my weary bones suffi-
ciently to breathe in a fairly normal way
again, I related my story of finding a fox.
Some seemed to doubt it at first, but I fin- ©
ally convinced them I was Telling the truth.

_

ty

jl
The

- snow fell, and I planned a much earlier start

oy ey yee
- 5 vb S Be

=

next night about two more inches of

the next day, in case the sun should come
out, and spoil my fun again.

Luckily I found his track, not far from
where I had left it the day before, as he had
circled back during the night. He had only
led me a short distance when I saw him
standing up on all fours, broad-side to me,
among some wild black berry bushes and
some small cedar trees, but he was not wise
to the fact that I was near, for his attention
seemed to be attracted further up the hill-
side among the cedars, as he kept his little
sharp nose pointed in that direction.

I stood perfectly still several minutes,
thinking he would lie down in his nest again,
but he bowed his back, and stretched like a
ten-year-old canine after a four hours’ repose
in the hot sun in August, then walked up
among the little cedars out of sight.

I sneaked as quietly as possible in that
direction, anticipating locating him before he
did me, but he mistrusted something and
decided to go while the going was good.

By circling the brier patch, and cedars I
soon found where he had escaped to the
north. That was jump number one.

I now decided to take plenty of time, and
give him plenty of time to quiet down, as I
knew he would not go far, so I lighted my
merschaum, sat down on a dry rail and en-
joyed a little smoke. .

After giving him the start of me, by some-
thing like an hour, I again took the trail,
going at a pretty fast-walk, having become
somewhat chilled by sitting down so long.
I followed him through a large woods, a
small field, past an old straw stack, and
into another small strip of woods, this woods
consisted of three hillsides, two on each side
of a ridge, and another across the hollow.

He entered this woods on this ridge, which
was very satisfactory to me, as I could see

_ by walking this ridge, most every spot therein.

I had hardly started on this ridge, when
I saw a little round object, near the roots of
a maple tree. I thought this the little crea-
ture I was so carefully looking for, but he
was so far away, I was not sure, so I stood
still for a few moments and very soon he
raised his head, but just for a second.

He did not surmise my presence, as he

was taking me against the wind, and it would
be impossible for him to scent me, and by
giving the little nervous thief a little time
to settle down, and possibly go to sleep, I
was sure I could, by going very quietly, get
in good shooting range, before he would know
I was about.

I walked off the ridge, and far enough
down the slope, so that the ridge obstructed

the view between the fur bearer and m
self, then along the hillside to opposite wher
the sleeping beauty was curled, then back
to the top of the ridge far enough to see —
Mr. Fox. a
While standing on this ridge gazing upon
my intended victim I remembered that that

morning when I left my brother’s place I —
had promised his wife, their girl and a young
school ma’am who was boarding there, each
a fox fur for a neckpiece, this fur being con-
sidered quite fashionable last winter. aan

And now what course should I take to~ .
satisfactorily adjust matters regarding my :
rash promises, when I should go walking
in with one fox instead of three (for of course oa
I felt that the fox I had seen was already
mine).

I knew this feminine trio, sufficiently
well, to know, that if I went carrying in one
pelt instead of three, they would divide it
in fractional parts called thirds, that each
of the three might at least have a piece of
a neckpiece.

Now, brother fox hunters, I suffered no
humiliation whatever by returning with one
fox instead of three, for all I had when I
reached home was a sad story, a pair of wet
feet and a good appetite.

Back to the firing line on the ridge I went,
and while I stood cautiously peeping out
from behind the body of that large beech
tree, that I made use of to obstruct the fox’s
view of me, in case he would raise his head,
I felt sure this would be the last time I or
any one else would see that wild fox alive.

“Your pelt is mine,” I said to myself as
I carefully raised both hammers, at the same
time holding the triggers, to avoid the click,
that might arouse my innocent looking ani-
mal. Placing the gun to my shoulder, I fired
the left choked barrel directly at him. At
the sound of the gun, the rattling of shot and
smell of powder he was on his feet, bound-
ing away over logs, brush and in a few sec-
onds, was over the hill and out of sight.
I sure gave him some scare.

I could see in the snow, where the shot
struck all around him, but don’t think a
single shot hit him, as there were no small
bunches of fur, nor any blood in his tracks.
He was only about 200 feet from me when
I shot, and I have killed them much further
with a rifle, also with shot gun while running.

I followed him further, but he continued
taking me against the wind, which made it
impossible to get sight of him again, as his
special sense of smelling warned him to
keep moving.

My advice to brother fox hunters, is to
never count on a fox until you actually get
your hands on him.

Fl A SYMPOSIUM ON MATTERS
i REGARDING CONSERVATION fl
1m

(ojo)

SANE POLICIES IN WILD LIFE

Keo a Hert

yo Canadian sportsman or citizen who sale in Massachusetts and other states, the __
N has at heart the preservation of the passage of the federal oe bird law, t
remnant of our wild life, who desires and the suppression of the trade in wild
to increase the supply of meat, or who de- _ bird’s plumage for millinery purposes through-
sires to utilize at their. highest efficiency out both the United States and Canada.
lands belonging to the government and not In a recent lengthy review of Dr. Horna-
suitable for other purposes, can fail to ap- day’s “Wild Life Conservation in Theo
preciate the great step forward in genuine’ and Practice,’ the Londo: Athaneum said:
civilization that would be accomplished by “It is a truism that America does nothin
the establishment of game sanctuaries safe- ‘Uy halves. That by criminal folly a colossa
guarded by the interest of Game Protective heritage has been wantonly squandered, none
Associations. As yet there have been brought can gainsay ; but, on the other side of the
forward no objections worthy of the name, picture, the splendid efforts of an enlighten-
and there can be no serious opposition to ed few have in recent years launched a
the utilization by the government in the’ scheme of systematic reparation on a scale
manner proposed of Ontario’s infertile hills which can only excite the envy and amaze-
and waste lands. ment of all who are working along similar
In no line of national progress has the lines in England. The problem in America
United States witnessed more rapid advance- is very different in its details from that
ment during the past six years than in the which our protagonists have to solve, but
protection of wild life. It was about ten the underlying principle is the same.”
years ago that the non-game birds began The success of many great measures that
to receive in some of the states the legal have triumphed during the last six years has
protection that was their due but the move- been due to the fact that they were safe,
ment toward improvement was slow. Down sane and necessary for the greatest good
in 1909 the game of the United States gen- of thé greatest number. Lawmakers have
erally was on the toboggan slide toward become thoroughly convinced that the Can-
oblivion, and the general outlook was de- adian people desire that the wild life of the
cidedly black. Spring-shooting, the sale of nation should be saved from annihiliation
game, the killing of insectivorous birds for but it is absolutely necessary that the sports-
~ food and other forms of extermination ac- men of this country show, by their activity
cording to law made the situation seem in organizing themselves into strong and
almost hopeless. : determined protective bodies, that they are
But the year 1910 marked the beginning _ sincere and willing to do their “bit”? in the
‘of a new period in protection. Doctor Horna- development of a new era.
day, editors, law-makers, and people of It has been said by some that they thought
wealth began to awaken to the dangers of the only way to properly conserve the quail
the hour. The demands of the protectors, and other upland game birds was to remove
led by Mr. Hornaday, began to strike home these species from the list of “game” birds
as never before. The first great battle of ard place them under the protection of the
a long series was waged in the State of New Department of Agriculture. I know ‘that
York, against the market-hunters of the a great many sportsmen are selfish; we
Atlantic Coast, and the game-dealers of must all admit that, and there are some
America’s greatest game market. It was who would stop at nothing. to destroy the
predicted while the fight was on that New last seed stock were an opportunity pro-
York would prove to be the Gettysburg of vided for their doing so, but I still maintain
the war between the two armies, and so_ that there are still a sufficient number of
indeed it proved. The tremendous success true, humanitarian sportsmen in Ontario
of the wild life cause that was achieved in to organize one hundred Game Protective
New York in the spring of 1911 was but Associations and I appeal to these men to
the first of a long series of victories that bear me out in my contention.
were won in Congress and in various state We have an exceedingly bright future to
legislatures. These included the saving of _ look forward to in this Canada of ours, gentle-
the fur-seal industry, the stoppage of game men, and as you stalk out_ir*9 the fields,
384 ‘s

—— ee

{
|
4
;
1

forests and marshes this month just try and
keep in mind the golden words of Mr. Horna-
day as regards the recreation value of game,
when he said,—‘““The great value of the game
birds of America lies not in their meat pounds
as they lie upon the table, but in the tempta-
tion they annually put before thousands
of field-weary farmers and desk-weary clerks
and merchants to get into their beloved
hunting togs, stalk out into the lap of na-

MINER FARM AS

GAME AND BIRD SANCTUARY

E.R.

ARIOUS photographs have been taken
V of the wild life which is native and

migratory to the Miner Farm, and
various articles written in behalf of the
creation of this area into a Government Game
and Bird Sanctuary.

Prominent men in the East have written
me for my views as to a ferm or plan for the
creation of such areas into “GOVERNMENT
GAME & BIRD SANCTUARIES”.

In the first place I am of the opinion that
the heads of the Game and Fisheries Depart-
ment and Department of Agriculture should
get together and seriously discuss this im-
portant phase as both will, eventually, be
seriously involved in the bringing back of our
wild life.

Wherever enthusiastic owners of small
areas offer their lands as in the case of our
enthusiastic: and real sportsman, Mr. Miner,
for the benefit of public education, the
government of the Province should not hesi-
tate to seize the opportunity offered to con-
vert same into a “GOVERNMENT GAME
& BIRD SANCTUARY” then _ prohibit
shooting or hunting of any kind to within one
mile of the boundaries. Such an area should,
immediately, be placed under the protection
of the Department of Agriculture.

In the case of Mr. Miner he has been most
patient in the education of eight or nine
neighbors up to the value of game as an asset
to the farm. With this farm set aside as an
inviolable preserve under the direction of the
Department of Agriculture it would not be
menaced by ‘“‘pot-hunters” and ‘“‘poachers’’

as it might be under the Department of Game
_~ and Fisheries.
When the geese visit the ponds on this
7 property, during the spring of the year, each
_. of these neighbors and others in the country
interested in the commercialization of game,
could be provided with a pair of breeders.
By the introduction of this industry in the
close proximity of the Miner Farm it would
open out the industry in Essex County and it
_ would not be long before other farmers in the
: county, and outside of it, would be seeking
_ stocks of game. Just as soon as each farmer
_ or breeder reached the point of success to
_ exploit same on the public markets he should
be provided with the required breeders’
license and tags.& When this pointiis reached

fO-55%
ee ,
a A gs =

ture and say “Begone dull care’; And —
a man who has had a day in the painted

woods, on the bright waters of a duck-haunt-
ed bay, or in the golden stubble of Septem-

ber, can fill his day and his soul with si
good birds just as well as he can with sixty.’
When you return from your outing, if you
have not already organized an association, —
organize one or join one. ;

A GOVERNMENT

al

* ied Fel,
Wit oye

Kerr

the government should set aside Point Pelee
and suggested territory as a Sanctuary under
the Departments of Game and Agriculture,
the exhibits or captivity stocks of which
would be under the control of the Department
of Agriculture and the liberated stocks, which
are intended for the purpose of stocking up the
open hunting area allotted to the hunters,
under the control of the Department of Game
and Fisheries. The Department of Agri-
culture could introduce quail, Hungarian
partridge and pheasants, as well as other
species, if thought advisable, in captivity
under the care of the “SANCTUARY
RANGER” who would be maintained by
both Departments. Through a systematic
campaign of education by the Department ve
of Agriculture, the farmers would not be long L
in enquiring into the procuring of stocks, those
particularly, who had begun with ‘he geese.
Of course, small stocks of these species could
also be raised on the Miner Farm Preserve.
As the exhibit stocks become a burden to the
Department of Agriculture they could be
liberated to the main protected area of the
(Point Pelee) Sanctuary and, automatically,
under control of the Department of Game and
Fisheries.

Now then we come to the question of large
are as such as 5,000; 10,000 and 15,000 acres
or larger in other counties for the purpose
also of providing sport for the hunters of such
counties. In the location of Sanctuaries it is
most desirable that areas be selected in which
game already exists, consequently we in
Essex County might not experience the same
difficulties in stocking Point Pelee because ‘i
some species are native to. the county and .
Point. But in some other county the gov- ag
ernment might locate a very satisfactory area, tee
but without game in it, and would not care to <i
go to the expense of importing birds from =
other countries or Zoological Arenas with
which to stock such area though it might be
necessary in some cases. Under our Essex
County plan we would supply the large areas
out of the “‘small’ 200 to 500 acre “‘hard-and-
fast’? Miner size Sanctuary which is being
maintained inviolate to within one mile of the
boundaries. The exhibits in the large sanc-
tuaries would ot course, supply the farming
communities where the small area is not
available.

¥

ek Ae eee

It it were the intention of the sportsmen
of Ontario or of our scheme which I believe
will be supported, heart and soul, by every
sportsman in Ontario, to deprive those who
o not hunt or shoot of a taste of this wild
life that we are attempting to conserve, we
would not require the interest of the Depart-
ment of Agriculture other than for the pur-
- pose of permitting the use of government
owned lands to provide gam: for the hunters,
and the whole thing could be developed by
the Department of ‘Game and Fisheries,
but as the undertaking entails the expenditure
of public funds we must provide adequate
return to the people through the open markets
and this must, I think, be done by, or through

4

th a Departmen of Agricu 4
endeav»r to explain why. f.
When Sanctuaries are established
successful hunting is going on, the Departme!
of Game and Fisheries will, doubtless, exact —
a toll, in the form of a license fee, of the hunter,
What protection would the exhibit, or farmers, —
or breeders of semi-domesticated stocks have if —
such stocks were under the control of the
Department of Game and Fisheries? By
placing all exhibit and farmer stocks an
licensing and tags in connection therewitl
under the control of the Department of Agri-
culture you will eliminate all friction between
‘gunner’ and ‘‘farmer’’ or “‘breeder’’. 4

‘Zi

- Deep hidden in the marsh while yet the veil
_ Of darkness hides the landscape from the eye,

I sit and wait for dawn for then.the ducks
_ Rise from their rest and for the open fly.

_ Just as the first faint streak of morning breaks
In misty twilight over field and flood

_ As sink to rest the owl and whip-poor-will
_Awakes to life the marshes’ myriad brood.

The laboring-mushquash paddles to his work
_ And squeaks “Good morning” to his brother
ice POR a

Deep laden with his rushes, swimming past,
He uilds his cottage on the sunken flat.

The little rail with great ungainly feet
Runs o’er the lily-pads and stops to stare
At the intruder as I silent sit:
He wonders what I can be doing there.

x

A thousand bull-frogs chant a matin song,
thousand blackbirds voice a loud refrain,
e hawks and herons and the bitterns too,
und raucous notes above the watery plain.

The (even black-duck’s quacking, clear and
aa ow,

_ Bids me take interest in his coming fate ;
- Anon the whistle of the wood-duck calls
der morning greeting to her gay-decked mate.

a

’

A million insects swarm the cool, still air,
- The slugs across the leaves paint shining
aa. trails,

The ugly blacksnake writhes amongst the

weeds oa gt vrs
And birds seek hungrily their morning snails.

MORNING IN THE MARSH

‘Mark G. McElhinney

Se

The spiders swing their dew bejewelled webs _
Across from rush to rush, the dragon flies —

Chase the mosquitoes while their plainer —
friend, ; aed

The deer fly, on myself his pincers tries. 4
Across the hills the sweet September morn
Breaks into crimson glories that enfold —
The world in color like a fairy land

Of magic marshes in a land of gold.

The sky is ruddy like a dome of flame,
Each rush and leaf reflects the brilliant hue,
The water shimmers in the rosy light
That repaints gaily e’en the old canoe.
The whirring of the wild-duck’s hurtling flight
Now draws the dreamer from the lesser joys
As poms lakeward with his outstretched
nec

He catches glimpses of my old decoys.

If then the subtle call is tuned aright,
He hesitates and makes a hasty choice, __
Or turning as he checks his onward flight
On outstretched wings he makes a moment’s
poise. ieee
The psychic moment—hand and eye are true,
Good iron and lead have done their best for —
me, ; ? > il
Loud-splashing falls the bird,.a moment more ~
His mate may bear him goodly company.

THE LURE OF THE DRY FLY

Robert Page Lincoln

ONDITIONS that prevail, in the use of
cs, the dry fly have not been mentioned in

the varied articles which have dealt in a
sketchy manner with the history of the dry-
fly, the legitimacy of its use, its practical
apartness from the wet-fly in method of use.
Mention has been made of the tools in demand
also and somewhat has been written in re-
gard to the delivery of the dry-fly. At the
same time, in one of the late articles, I have
spoken of the so-called drag, which, if not
carefully looked into will make of your
fishing hours nothing save uselessly expended
time. However as yet I have but sparingly
occupied my space in mentioning conditions
available in dry-fly work. Conditions greatly
influence any method of trout fishing, so
much so that unless you govern yourself ac-
cording to your intelligence you will not be
honored with the luck you are seeking. One
may deliver his fly, or flies with the practical
hand and eye of experience; he may be using
a worthy fly, and all of many valuable points
may be recognized but if the trout are not
rising or if they are off their feed, as the term
goes, it is useless to expect anything, at least
out of the ordinary—stray ones’ perhaps you

~ may get, but nothing that one could call up to

standard. Too many fishermen go out in
those hours when the fish are not feeding,
expecting success; and only after long ex-
perience will they acquire the necessary
knowledge. The morning hours and es-
pecially the calm hours near to dusk, when the
fish are rising well are intrinsic ones in the
eye of the dry fly fisherman. And best of all
may it be said that if there is a certain hatch
of an individual insect on then the fisherman
is in luck for certain, for if he is diligent he
may tie a fly to imitate or may be able to
select one out of a number already tied that
may be a virtuous imitation. So well do
trout rise on these occasions to your artificial
production that no other method is quite as

387

worthy of putting forth, nor one quite so
natural, and so in harmony with a masterful
intelligence.

Much has been written for and also against
the dry-fly; most of the writers that have been
sided against it are jubilant to comment that
the dry-fly can only be used successfully upon
smooth or placid waters, while, on the other
hand the so-called wet, or submerged flies can
be used on practically any water. And yet
time has gone to prove that not only is it
possible to float dry flies on some of our
notoriously riotous streams but it is an equal
and safe possibility to expect thereby to bring
in trout to the reel by their use; for agreeably
it is as one writer has recently said—‘“‘the dry
fly is not limited to the placid waters of
England but may with equal success be used
on the most turbulent streams in which we
fish, and therefore may be used with con-
fidence in any of the streams in this country,
between the slow-moving stream of the East
on the one hand and the rough water of the
Rocky mountains on the other.” In past
articles contributed to various magazines
I have already, as far back as three years ago
called attention to the use of dry-flies on
mountain streams—the most recent article
having appeared in Outdoor Life of Denver,
Colorado, with photos showing catches made
with the very attractive floating fly. And in
places west and north on mountain waters
the dry fly has proven at times a better killer
than the age-honor d wet-fly, in that, per-
fectly imitating the natural fly that is the
food of the trout, delivered to water in a
manner that is natural and not alarming the
trout are so deceived that a capture is made
often with ease. On the other hand not
every wet-fly handler is a master of the art
of delivery of same and the working of the
same; and when bungling work is the result
the trout are frightened and will not take.
On the other hand by a little careful study

ye) Ee ge a

al

oa
:
*

+o

=.
> A
*

_ high altitudes are rarely, if ever, large in size,

and patience, not to mention a goodly por-
tion of perseverence one may acquire a know-
ledge of dry-fly work and its governing rules—
and will have more success with it than with
the dry-fly, conditions permitting—the hour
of the day also permitting. As a certain
entertaining western trout fisherman re-
marks—‘‘It seems to me that all the wet fly
can do the dry fly will also do and many,
many things that the wet fly cannot do, the
dry fly will do. On occasions when I have
used the dry fly I have come to reverence the
action of the fly on the water and the size
and form of the stream fly. In so far as
my observations have gone, the color of the
fly is, if not negligible, at least not as im-
ortant as any of the three points of which
have spoken.” Conditions upon the wild
mountain streams are many and varied as to
nature. On some streams in the mountains
one will find the trout very shy and then again
one will discover that others in other, and
perhaps remote sections are deliberately un-
afraid, so much so that anything delivered to
water will invariably be snapped up. At the
same time these trout may not take fright at
glimpsing the fisherman; this owing, in con-
siderable measure, to the fact that human
beings- are rarely seen by them in these se-
cluded, and somewhat un-get-at-able haunts.
Upon occasion, however, trout have evinced
a singular shyness and the waters and pools
must be worked with due and careful caution
—the angler duplicating methods in order on
streams within or near to the pole of civiliza-
tion. -On these stiller mountain streams,
when wide pools obtain, one would be foolish
not to give the dry fly a comprehensive try-
= out (and as a word of appeal be it said that
enough may be taken upon it to warrant ex-
perimentation)—and one fly is quite sufficient,
since these trout rise well and are, often as not,
numerous in the extreme: Trout in the
mountain regions vary in size and grade of
agility, as much as they do in the degree of
caution and fearlessness, according to_ the
territory they are in. In the lower waters
they are apt to run larger in size than those
higher up in “the eternal hills.”’ In the high
altitudes, as in western Canada we have a
‘trout that so far surpasses other trout that
there is no ready comparison. Trout of the

but they are firm-built, exceptionally strong-
‘finned from bucking these turbulent waters;
they are also keenly wide-awake and alert
to a surprising degree. Taken from the
artificial fly, and the dry-fly especially on the
stiller canyon pools they evince a pugnacious-
ness not equalled by the determined resistence
of a dead water trout of two times their
weight. A few engagements with such
unique specimens will soon win words of ad-
miration from the angler, who cannot seem to
understand how a trout so small can put up
so vigorous a fight. Nor can it be said con-
clusively that small trout alone are found in
high altitudes for in some of the larger pools
there will be found very large specimens; and
it can almost be held as true that every
mountain pool of any size has its large trout
for the angler to contend with. Mountain
streams, too, hold a varied assortment of trout,
foremost of which is the brook trout of the

“ ie Wyre oy. epaange | Sage Z i
mountains, otherwise the well ly
Varden. Then, too, according to the country,
one stands in liability of annexing to a rain- —
bow trout; while steelheads are numerous in

some parts of the west. Then again there is
the Cut-throat trout, of many varieties,

scattered promiscuously throughout all the
mountain regions. Then too there are the
lake trout, which found near to the mouths of
streams pouring into lakes often take the fy
with avidity—though of course only the

ler representatives of this species rise to fly
if at all. It has always been held that Fcc
lake trout is not a fly-taking fish but as I have
mentioned in the above there are any number
of instances where the smaller members ot —
this family do take them and take them well. —
Where the trout in the mountains run small
in size one ‘must of necessity make use of
small-sized flies—meaning the midge flies,
tied to hooks of such a size as Numbers 14 and
16. Of the floating flies these are the most
difficult to handle being so tiny. To tie a
midge fly is not only a difficult art but it is also
a miracle if you get it in shape without
bungling, since, on. these smaller flies it is
quite impossible to make use of a vice—all
the work being done by the fingers.

I have spoken already of the fact that
mountain trout display at times a fearlessness
and aptness to take the fly that makes fly-
fishing in these regions always full of interest.
Nevertheless the more care and caution one
takes the more will he be rewarded for the
pains taken.: Trout of the mountains are not.
so-called, “‘civilized,’’ and are not therefore
much given to picking with ease an artificial
fly from a natural one, i.e., the matter of
form and of color is not of total moment as
long as it is played right, with attention to the
animating movement, which, after all is what
attracts the trout. But, as far as possible
one should study the situation, using dark
flies if such are falling to water or vice versa.
One must of necessity fish swift runs on the
mountain streams and one must as often fish
with a short line, many things depending. If
the water is swift and a cast is made up stream
and across, the line must be cast in such a
manner that there is a curve to the line well
above the fly; the water will then force itself
upon this curve as it flows down. The
floating fly however will have passed in a
natural manner over the spot you wish to fish
before there is any noticeable pull on the line
which will cause the fly to ride the water with
an unnatural speed, which, as I have before
mentioned; is known as “‘the drag”’ in angling
parlance. The swifter the run the better a
curve to the-line must be cast as the swift
flowage of the stream will straighten the line
the faster. When the line begins to straighten
the pull becomes noticeable. Govern your-
self therefore accordingly. ;

No hard and fast rules can be laid down—
and one would be foolish in the extreme to
attempt to do so and this holds true of dry
fly angling as well as of anything else. 3

But one will not be considered hidebound ~
to suggest that before you fashion yourself —
to making a cast that you study just where and ~
how that cast is to be made. A glance should —
provide you an opportunity of asce roa

ore

just where is the best and most likely ae

pt) alt Ch le! ed el

ee

. tn)
ate we ee

« ce he ee “4 A
wo I eh yoo an

2 : ie .

against a boulder for instance a big one may

lie. A cast above that boulder so fashioned
that it will ride in around it is liable to call
to the surface the king of that pool and in a
moment you may be playing the best trout
you ever had at leader end. Such are the
possibilities after a searching inventory of a
pool or a stream stretch.
- There are times on the mountain streams
that one will run across nice wide pools where
the water flows smooth and where a dry fly
will float with just as much ease as on the
English chalk streams. At the same time
as is true of many mountain waters they will
have a positive clarity that ensures the float-
ing artificial being easily seen. But at the
same time this singular clarity calls for a
leader that will merge into the water with
more or less of a demanded invisibility. I
have elsewhere spoken df the virtues of the
genuine Telerana Nova pure silk woven gut
leaders made by William Robertson of Glas-
gow, Scotland, and released solely to Ameri-
can and Canadian purchasers by Joe Welsh
of Pasadena, California, U.S. A. The Num-
ber 6, Telerana Nova with a breaking strain
of 21% pounds answers well for the purpose
where a fine leader is desirable; or where
heavier fish are in expectation the Number 5,
with a breaking strain to 4 pounds may be
used—the angler suiting himself to the six or
nine foot length. As I have intimated before
the Telerana Nova leaders have a strength
and durability that is singular indeed, and
their invisibility in the water spells for them
a virtue out of the ordinary. Having used
the Telerana Nova leaders almost exclusively
lately I can positively say that they. have
any number of points ot excellence above the
common gut material.

The placing of a fly on any surface of water
must be done without any semblance of a
splash. Truly, the dry fly must fall downily
to the surface or your point is quite lost. The
same is true of wet flies; if the team of them
hit water with a splash one stands in liability,
on a calm pool at least, of having not one
single rise, or strike. Now in the case of the
dry-fly. Watch one of the ephemerals fairly
disporting itself over the water, rising and
dipping to the water in its flight. All is light
and resembling nothing so much in its aban-
donment as a courier of thistle-down or milk-
weed-down astray. And perhaps that same
fly will ride the water, not caught reluctantly
in its damp embrace, mind you (being water-
bred) but riding perhaps out of sheer joy.
Having travelled a distance it will rise again
to the air. That is just the fly you are
imitating. Not an insect struggling to free
itself but happily making its way over the
water, ere it rises, to live its astonishingl
short existence. A study of the antics of suc
a fly will give you more practical pointers
on how to employ your craft than I or any
living writer ever could expect to equal, by
wierdly assuming dictatorship with machine
or pen as the case may be.

All of which rounds out to the assertion
that I, in common with others, will aver that
trout can be taken on turbulent mountain
streams and on other streams which are not
placid-flowing in any sense of the word, upon

Ls a

.
;
/
7

which spot seems untractable. Up there

in question imagine my elation on catching

is alone useful on mirrorlike threads of
As a more clinching argument, as merely
instance in my experience, allow me to
that I have this day on a northern stream, }
wildly rugged nature, taken a matter of eight
fine trout on the dry-fly. Some of these
are as nice trout as I have ever taken and w
soon be sizzling on the spider. I am by
way writing this upon the proverbial b
in camp.

For, if it is true that flies fall and drift on
calm streams, just so is it true that they f
and drift on the wild and rugged streams and ~
they do not wash under the surface within’ ~
a distance of six feet at that, and often hold
their own a goodly distance, perilous as it may ~
be. Hence a dry artificial carefully used ~
cannot but perform its duty as well here as —
under any circumstances.

I had occasion at one time to fish a certain
Californian stream in the beautiful moun- —
tains of that state; and needless to relate the
waters were of a clarity such as typifies
streams in such regions. The stream in
question “*had some excellent trout in it and ©
although I was on the water early, in their ~
feeding hours, and was using wet flies I had
no success. Even in the best pools from the
best points of vantage I plied the flies, at-
tached as they were on a medium gut leader
but my success was so scant as to arouse
wonderment. At that, too, I studied the
contents of a trout stomach and decided that
dark flies were in order. I was constantly ~
shifting and changing at least one or another
of the three flies to the leader but without
avail above the one trout I captured and had
dissected. Off feed, I told myselt; I could ~~
arrive at no other conclusion. I spent the
noon-hour and the early afternoon hours in
improving upon some dry flies to make them
direct (as possible) imitations of those the
trout should feed upon. I paraffined them
well, and then waited till the coming of four
o’clock. I was now on a calm portion ot the
stream, that was as beautiful a spot as one
could think of from every point of view—both
as to picturesqueness and trout-wise. I was
making my way up stream when I noted the
trout beginning to rise—and at a point near
to shore in the shadows of some trees a lusty
trout rose with a splash for an insect—and no
doubt obtained it. As for myself my ears
pricked up in curiosity; and my hair rose on
my head. What a trout! Carefully making —
my way up stream I made a cast above the
place in question, curving the line and leader
properly according to the time worn regula-
tions. And floating it exactly over the place —

BLT aed

that identical trout. I played him with care
and judicious deliberation—but then oc-
curred one of those heart-rending moments
in the life of an angler. For somehow or
other he obtained a bit of slack line to leap
upon and the result was that when it went —
again out the great trout was gone. Strang-
ling the sorrow that overcame me I however
loaded the pipe and continued on. There was
great consolation ahead of me however formy
creel showed nine five pound trout when I

ry

390

ceased operations. Here the at Borg had won
where the wet-fly had established for itself
little or nothing in the matter of a record.
Furthermore let me remark that a week later
on that same stream, in that same hole I
captured that big trout I had lost—but the

*

fly—did the deed. For what a trout is stung
by once he is not liable (very soon) to be
stung by again. I do not know if I could have
here employed the dry-fly with success.

MINOR FISH AND THEIR CAPTURE

i.

THE ROCK BASS

Robert Page Lincoln

OT alone, is the rock bass, scientifically
designated (Ambloplites rupestris) es-
teemed as a justly delicious pan

fish but incidentally as a fish, captured
hy means of rod and reel, in various
Ways, it is a specimen to valiantly
conjure with. I say this upon virtue of hav-
ing had some little experience in the capture
of him in his cool haunts. Indeed I hay make
so bold as to remark that in the rock bass
one may find that same fascinating enjoyment
as goes with the capture of the incomparable
brook trout, or char; if one will only woo
himself away from still-fishing methods and
will use light tackle or if using worms or live
bait, he will use that lure in an artistic man-
ner far more appealing and sportsmanlike
than the aforementioned method of procedure.
It is really hard to associate the rock bass
with the minor fish—and hard to remove it
from the game fish ranks.

For any one who has taken this fish on flies,
with tapered line, light leader and small
midge hooks can swear to the fact that as
much absolute enjoyment and exhilaration
can be exacted from it as from any other form
of fishing, for any sort of fish. There is no

_ presuming in this; it is a determined quality,

with much more to its structure than theory.
And from the standpoint of the epicure, what
is more satisfying to the palate than this
morsel, be it rolled in egg and crumbs or be
it fried to a golden brown. One hastens then
to aver that above them all the delightful
rock bass is one of the leaders—prime for
joy, as handled on the light rod in the fine
days of summer and in the scarlet and orange

_ days of autumn when the mists are beginning

to lower over the land and the stubbles in the
grain fields are shining and golden. And
strangely enough the rock bass is not overly
well-known. It does not come in _ over-
whelming numbers, and is not so prolific as
the sunfish and kindred other members of the
family. It seems to hold itself within reason-
ably conservative bounds,—being never too
common to blunt one’s finer senses—always
being scarce enough to arouse delight and
attention when captured. To the date of this
writing (strange as it may seem) the present
editor does not recall ever having seen, above
a natural history insert, anything at all re-

garding the beautiful rock bass; its life and its

Ways; and the methods of its capture; and the
delights of this pursuit. Therefore out of

sheer joy I now lift a few of the veils upon its
existence dedicating to his life this chapter.

I have before mentioned that the rock bass
is comparatively scarce in numbers, as com-
pared with the sunfish and others, but I may
remark that in some northern lakes they exist
in flattering abundance. I recall a certain
northern resort some summers ago. Here
only the larger fish were angled for, as the
muscallonge, the pike and others of the prey-
ing type. The smaller fish were untouched,
and unharmed. And it is well that it is so,
for as long as these fish are protected in this
light we may expect that they will long sur-
vive ih the face of much fishing by all varieties
of fishermen, large and small. In fact the
rock bass in these lakes were so tame that they
would come up to the docks, scores of them
being fed from the hand. The rock bass if
not pursued so that their numbers are much
diminished are venturesome and will come
inshore in vast numbers. The range of dis-
tribution of the rock bass, is, however, rather
far from wide. While it may be planted, and
grown by culture in the west it is not essen-
tially a western fish. It occurs generally
throughout the northern Mississippi Valley
in a straight line north, edging westward
slightly in the north country, then eastward
throughout Canada taking in the northern
states of United States and the great Lakes
region. At the same time the rock bass is not
a stream fish, but holds itself to lakes, and the
more bright and clear these waters are the
more are they desired. But in all instances
it is not true that rock bass are alone found
in the lakes for many streams contain them in
numbers. The same is true of them as holds
true with the small mouth bass. The small-
mouth is a stream fish but in the north may be
captured in many of the clear and sparkling
lakes. Of the lake rock bass and the stream
rock bass the latter inhabitant is by far the
most worthy as a factor, taken upon the rod.
The reason of this is not hard to seek for.
The dashing water makes them stronger of
fins, and in the search for food they become
more alert and keen-eyed. Their dash and
vim upon the taut line is something with
which to conjure. While the rock bass may
be found in numbers in one lake, on the other
hand in a neighboring lake one may never
have a chance to see one. Just why this is I
have never been able to determine and I leave
it as one of the oddities of

dry-fly I did not use. A brown hackle—a wet

Nature—

never quite comprehensively explained.

The rock bass is primarily a bottom-
hugging fish and especially do they like to
keep themselves in and around the rocks from
which they obtain the name by which they are
best known. A survey of the range of this
fish goes to prove that the largest specimens
are found in lakes where the water is clear and
cold and where rocks are found in abundance;
in such lakes they attain a goodly length and
weight. But rock bass as a general rule do
not attain to a very large size or weight, those
of the average taken not exceeding half a
pound. The largest rock bass I have ever
seen weighed three and one half pounds, with
a length of quite a foot. But in some lakes
two pound and-one and one half pound rock
bass are quite daily occurrences, and these,
as fighting fish are bound to win respect and
admiration. The fish displays a wealth of
vigor and stamina that is equalled only by the
larger game fishes. My respect for the rock
bass as a fish equal to the best of attention
dates back to the days of youth; nor am I
alone in this notion. Not alone do we re-
member the first trout we ever captured; not
alone the first whopping bass or pickerel but
also do we cast our mind’s eye and thought
back upon the day we caught our first large
rock bass. It was at the home lakes, a clear,
cold lake, spring-fed numerously from the
bottom. We had waded out into that lake
level with our youthful constitution and had
cast afar out ahead, a hook and line and upon
the hook was a squirming angle worm.

-Pleasant thoughts indeed! O thou backward

turning memory! We remember that when
we jerked that fish out of the water he left
the hook and shot inland about forty rods, and
descending like a bolt out of the clear blue
heavens had dramatically frightened some
cows and a mindless calf—causing a stam-
pede. Pleasant thoughts indeed!

The rock bass has a winning coloration to
its credit. It would not be placing the as-
sertion wrong to say that it is a beautiful fish.
Taken fresh and dripping out of the water it
glistens golden-yellow in the sunlight and
closer inspection shows that the body is
dusted over with a pronounced russet—
(yellowish-brown) which is most noticeable
forward of the body; often dark at the Vof the
breast. Particularly of note in the rock bass
are the eyes—which are red tinged around
the upper edges. It is on account of the red

eyes that the fish has been dubbed the “‘red--

eye’ by a portion of the people who know it
by no other name. The coloration of the
rock bass varies. Some are dim-colored;
others are as bright as a new-minted coin.
These latter fish are taken out of the clear,
crystalline lakes of the north.

The rock bass is perfectly symmetrical as
to body structure; it has an outline that con-
forms well to what we typify as more or less
perfect. In this respect he is more perfect
than the calico bass and the sun-fish whose
bodies taper well toward the tail. Tailward
the rock bass is well-rounded down. So too
is this fish strongly built, chubby, not built
for speed perhaps, but surely for endurance
and that in a most marked degree. Vitally
interesting of note it may be said that these

i. fish like the sunfish, the crappies and the bass

are readily reared in ponds and other
able waters of large or small scope, and
the means ot both pleasure and profit to
breeder. They need not one-half of
judicious care necessarily exercised in tro
culture, and the loss through the initial @x-—
periments is not such as to discourage one in —
his work. To those interested in the fish and —
ow to raise them I will some time shortly ©
submit a series of articles on fish culture at —
which time space will be given quite parti-
cularly to the culture of the rock bass.

As an angling proposition Ambloplites
rupestris is a delight. Too much of the fishing
for rock bass, sunfish, calico bass, et cetera
is done by still-fishing and there is no sporting
enthusiasm in this common mode of capture—
no more so, in fact than catching fish with ~
nets. But I will admit that at times, still
fishing craftily employed is worthy of any ~~
man’s attention. But still fishing as it is
ordinarily employed is debasing. Some men —

of low principles never know when to cease
their butchery, catching whole sacks full. It
is just this odious system (as also recognizedin
the depletion of game birds and animals) that
means the steady diminishing of these (which
should be carefully fostered) natural re-
sources. Men arrive at a sporting basis when
they will employ artful methods of capture, 5
and when they will be content with a few fish £
and not the “‘hog’s” portion. The fish “hogs”
catches ten times more than he and his family
or his neighbors can eat and inevitably digs
down a portion of-it, or throws it away to rot
or gives it to the pigs and chickens. It is
this universal idea that to be a “great” fisher-—
man one must bring home a freight-car full of
fish that the low-principled men seize upon.
and which will inevitably (unless put down)
mean the absolute destruction of our fish
supply.

Those who have taken the rock bass on the
artificial fly will agree with me that the pro-
cess is one holding in its dominion many
delightful sensations.

It was once an agreeable pleasure on the
part of the writer to fish a small lake tucked

or ake Katee

-away among the hills and wood-lands where

the rock bass led in numbers over all the x
other fish contained therein. This lake had
sandy shores, with varied rocks to add to its
delightful picturesqueness, ideal indeed for —

‘this winning denizen of the water. Already

informed of the numbers found therein and
informed also that these singular fish would
not allow themselves to be captured by worms —
I smiled to myself, knowing that the artificial
flies would win where worms were in taboo.
Nor was this the first time I had found such
to be the case. Selecting the lightest of my
bamboo rods (one of three ounces weight)—
and selecting a varied assortment of hand-tied
flies I forwith repaired to the sheet of water
in question, my anticipations assuredly being
at high-water mark. For be it here related:
I had just become an enthusiast on the
artificial flies used on fish that hitherto have
not been considered in that light. Hitherto
I had deemed them of little worth used on
such fish but initial experimentation at the
right hours and in the right waters had as-
sured me differently.

P< : eS Ek)
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Li} Fa = be te oe oe Be
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fessor I always used luckily.

_ water.

I remember it was close on evening and the
fish all over the lake were rising for flies that
were falling to the water. I especially marked
where a large fellow did the semi-circle tum-
ble and got his fly.
spot, and the fly falling lightly to surface was
moved in the water to give it life-likeness.
Instantly a nab at it; and I set the hook.
It was a large fellow indeed, and was only the
first. In one half hour I had well caught my
limit. After that my respect for the rock
bass inereased one hundred fold; and fly-
fishing newly employed in other channels took
on a rosier hue than ever.

For this sort of fly-fishing the very lightest
of leaders are used, and I have found the
Telerana Nova production especially good—
especially the Telerana Number Six. And
employ the small flies, tied to small hooks,
such as Number 12, and down to Number
14 and 16. Midges work excellently, and the
fish rise to them with a consistency that is
sometimes remarkable. Nor does one need
to copy natural insects, or nature to gain
effectiveness in this sort of fishing. Any of
the standard regulation flies, and others, hand-
tied by yourself will suffice, for such fish are
not virtuously discriminating. The various
hackles, the tiny Palmers, the Black Gnat,
Silver Doctor, Queen of the Waters and Pro-
But unlike in
running stream water, in still water you must
give the flies animation without being aided
as in the former process, by the flow of the
It is in how good you play these flies
that your success is measured. On the lake
above mentioned (the first time I tried flies on
rock bass by the way) I simply illustrated that,
while the fish would not be fooled by the
clumsily wormed hook, they did rise to flies,
thus proving (as trout prove to you) that they
are far more attached to flies. The same un-
usual exhilaration and delight companions one
in fly-fishing for rock bass as does fly-working
the trout. How the fragile (fragile in size
only) rod bends and how the fish does broad-

_ sided play—the leader stretching taut like a

violin string at tension—and when turning a

I cast immediately at the -

q rie gait.”
somersault out of water in the vain endeavor ~ _

to extricate the evil barb from the lip. No
swallowing of a hook here, with the same
away down in the interior—an aftermath
of disaster to a fish, which, undersized, you
desire to turn loose. The hook invariably
sinks into the lip. Clean and easily may you
remove the barb from the cartilage without
an iota of destructiveness.

As a general rule rock bass are mostly
taken by means of a common pole, line and
hook, and the proverbial worm. Yet in all
cases the success is not of vast mention, for
they do not fall over themselves to be taken
as do the sunfish. Where a fly-rod of light
weight is used in boat fishing, much sport is
the result; a certain number of split shot being
added to the leader to properly sink it. Otten
in the fall of the year one will have fine luck
at capturing this fish, if their running grounds
be discovered, and if one uses grasshoppers
for a lure. In fall fishing, mark these words
of wisdom: grasshoppers are paramount to
success. They will win where all others fail.
You- may sometimes fish long days with
worms and be treated with scorn but use the
husky grasshopper and the tables are turned.
Hook on easily; cast lightly with the fly-
rod; work it along in the water.

It is in Autumn, along about the last part
of September and October that, with new
life (after the ordinary August heat) the fish
drift ashore. Just as briefly, everything takes
on the glow of a rich and abundant life so also
insects seem to come alive by the millions.
The fish come in to get these as they feebly
disport over the waters, or fall from the shore
foliage. So also the rock bass awaken and in
their turn may be captured. ;

But my best thoughts and reflections are
the taking of the rock bass on flies and light
tackle such as the occasion demands. In a
way it is befitting one of his kind; for the rock
bass easily takes his place among the gamey
fish of this continent. If now he be wrapt in
something of obscurity, the future cannot
but lift him into prominence; and the eye of
attention will be at last riveted upon him.

VANCOUVER ANGLING SOCIETY FORMED

Fly-casting competitions will be staged on
the Canadian Pacific Coast for the first time
within the next few months ii the plans of the
newly formed Vancouver Angling Society
mature. These fly-casting competit:ons are
not the only plans which the infant organiza-
tion has in mind. There has already been a
number of discussions at its recent meetings
or steps being taken to have the provincial
government make a special coast map for the
anglers and also to aid in the building of trails
along streams, so many of which are practic-
ally at Vancouver’s doorway.

One of the prime movers in the organization
of the Vancouver Angling Society was Mr.
Billy West, well known through eastern
Canada as a lacrosse player who is also a keen
fisherman. It was his endeavors to bring
together the local anglers, aided by Vancouver
sporting editors, that finally put the club
under way. At the first meeting held May
9, when the club was formed, forty fishermen

turned out. At the second, May 22, the hall
used could not accommodate the crowd. Now
the organization has club rooms of its own in

the Loo Building in the heart of the city where~

Secretary Mr. P. Shankey is always hice to
receive out-of-town fishermen and give them
all the mformation desired regarding the
coast streams. The Society has a meet
night every first Monday of the month an
though not nearly the entire roll of members
is present the average attendance at meetings
is always in the neighborhood of one hundred
and fifty to two hundred fishermen.

The club officers for the season of 1916-17
are as follows: President, E. W. Dean; Vice-
President, C. F. W. Gillam; Executive com-
mittee: Messrs. Rolston, Purdy, Field, West,
Snell, Abbott, Bain and Cashman. Secretary,
Mr. P. Sankey. Mr. F. J. Bursill is the
official club librarian. RS
“One Thousand Members by March 1917”.

+

The club’s slogan is ©

4

“ana.

A

GIy

nee.
he
1)
=
iV

Robert Page Lincoln

No. 67—I wish to call your attention to
a matter that I believe to be of great in-
terest to many of your readers and at the
same time you may be able to give me some
information about the same that will be
appreciated, not only by myself but by a
great number of fishermen as well. That is
regarding a substitution for the ordinary
knotted gut leaders, which comes entire,
in one whole length without any knots or
connections, and which is known as Telar-
I have purchased some of these lead-
ers but have not been entirely satisfied with
them. Where they should have been three
or four times as strong as the ordinary knotted
gut leader I lost several fish upon them and
ave since then lost faith in the production,
and have returned to the old gut leaders.
But not long ago I met a man who looked
these leaders over and pronounced them
rank imitations of the real Telarana ; pro-
testing that the real Telarana is just exactly
what is claimed for it ; that it is the best
leader in the world. However he has been
unable to let me know where I can procure
these leaders, if they are as he has said ;
therefore I am asking you where I can buy
these. The idea of a leader without knots
is a great one indeed, and I was pleased with
the ones I had only they were not to be
depended upon. At that I bought them
from a large sporting goods house. Can
you give me any information about such
leaders as this, and where can I procure
them? I am sure other anglers will be
pleased to know about this. Hoping you can
find time to answer, I beg to remain,

James A. Keller,
New Brunswick.

Ans.—Ilf you had trouble with the leader
you speak of there can be little doubt that
you have had foisted upon you some rank
imitations and there have been many of
them put on the market since the real thing
was put out. If you had obtained the gen-
uine Telerana Nova I doubt very much if
you would have had any trouble with them
for I guarantee them as being far and away

_ above any knotted common gut leader ‘ever
_ produced. As a matter of fact I am using
the Telerana Nova leaders now almost en-

‘irely for the simple and adequate reason

393

that they are so much better on all recognized
points that it would be foolish to return
to the old material. It has been said that
the Telarana Nova leaders are the greatest

revolution in tackle since Walton. Yet
very few anglers know a whit about
this new and valuable departure. There-

fore your timely question will here be answer-
ed in full. The Telarana leaders are manu-
factured by William Robertson, a specialist
in anglers’ equipment, located at Glasgow,
Scotland. These same leaders may be pur-
chased from Mr. Joe Welsh, at Pasadena,
California, who is the sole concessionaire or
agent for the United States and Canada.
Now in regard to the nature of this leader:
do not be mistaken. It is a pure silkworm
production and it must not be confounded
with the so called Japanese corded silk.
One comparison is enough. The greatest
difference lies in the fact that it is made
all in one length, with no knots and no splices.
Anyone who is, and has been, a consistent
angler knows the value of this departure
alone. For knots in a
make for weakness at that point, should
a large fish be taken ; the strain produced
acts naturally upon these knots and a lead-
er of gut must indeed be strong to withstand
this. Even the nine foot Telarana leader
has no knots. Now as a rule all anglers
must generally feel that the leader end of
the tackle is the weakest point under strain.
In these leaders, however, they are the
strongest instead of the weakest. They have
a strength that amazes. Give this leader
one trial and you will understand why a
leader such as this is soon due to have a
great run in sales on this side of the water.
For instance take the leader Number 3.
Its breaking strain is ten pounds. It will
break, as I have proven, an ordinary hook.
That means strength far out of the ordinary
as all will admit. At the same time besides
toughness and durability the leader Telar-
ana Nova has a coloration that makes for
a merging invisibility in the water. Some
leaders are known to throw reflections ;
there are no reflected lights in this leader.
It harmonizes with the water, in other words,
merges well, and can hardly be seen. Many
gut leaders are difficult to keep straight.
When this leader is dry it can be pulled hard

leader ordinarily

when it is nicely straight and ready for fish-
ing. After you have soaked one ot these
leaders for twenty minutes, pull on it and
you will find it has a notable and desirable
elasticity. That is another point worthy
of note.

The Telarana leaders are used for all sorts
of fishing both in the sea and in fresh water.
For a long time the most leaders of this sort
were used in salmon fishing for which it is
famous ; however, it is used on pike, sea
trout, and inland trout, also in dry fly fish-
ing with better success yet. A communica-
tion from a Mr. C. H. Davis of Saginaw,
Michigan, lately conveys the information
that hé killed 1900 pounds of salmon on a
Number 2 leader in the Petite Pabos River
of Canada. Badmintion’s Magazine and
the London Field have carried numerous
recommendations of this leader from such
well-known men as Sir Herbert Maxwell
and Admiral Sir William Kennedy and from
F. G. Afflalo the well-known fisherman and
angling writer.

The Telarana Nova leaders are made in
lengths of 3, 6 and 9 feet. The Extra Heavy
No. 1 has a test to breaking strain of thirty
pounds ; Heavy, No. 2 to fifteen pounds ;
No. 3, ten pounds; Medium No. 4, seven
pounds ; No. 5, four pounds ; and the light
leader, No. 6, two and one half pounds.

Particularly of note regarding the Telarana
leaders is that one individual length may be
used all of one season without changing to
anew one. This seems surprising to many
anglers who are wont to carry many -gut
leaders along with them.

I trust the above information will help you
to procure your salmon leaders for the trip
this autumn to Newfoundland as you men-
tion at the bottom of your letter. I can
assure you that you make no mistake in

procuring the genuine Telerana Nova lead-

er. It is quite incomparable.
Pee:

No. 68—I was very glad to hear from you
on returning from my spring trouting trip
which was a great success. I got one two-
pound rainbow on my four-ounce rod in the
heaviest of rapids, and you can imagine the
fight that followed. On this trip I was
treated to a mild surprise in catching a very
odd fish, and you may be able to help me to
identify it. This trout was six and one half
inches in length and was exactly like a brook
trout in form and general characteristics but
had very strange markings. It had no in-
dication of red spots on belly or fins and
no purplish color on its sides like the little
ones have. It was very chubby and a great
deal heavier than the others I got. ‘There
was a good deal of red on all of the others
in fact. This trout was very dark on the
back running into olive green fading down
the sides to a kind of yellow with yellowish
white belly. It had zig-zag markings and
large spots like the drawing. ‘These marks
were all of yellow gold. The bottom of, the

‘curves were a strong bright color but the

top was shaded off dark to match the back.
What was it anyway? Must have been some
kind of a brook trout. It evidently was full

colored as the coloring was rich and the fish a
was very handsome. I put him back as hé —
was undersized. 7
Hoping you will answer this
Yours
W. J. Jamison
Tackle Maker.

Ans.—You caught a puzzle that time for
sure.

I wish I could write out a lengthy screed,
padded with scientific terms that would mis-
lead you into thinking that I have answered
your query but truth to tell I throw up my

ands. The only practical solution to the
matter is that you caught a freak brook
trout and an oddly marked one at that.
That freaks such as this do occur often in
goodly numbers has been found very true ;
but how it happens and why no one will ever
be able to tell. What seems surprising in
this is that the fish was flaming out in full
coloration. This of course points to the
fact that you were fishing in a stream havin
a good sanded pebbled bottom. Many o
the trout taken from the middle of May to
the first of June are still quite dusky in col-
oration. June should find most trout com-
ing out in the bright summer dress, though
this is not full color. Trout (brook trout)
are not in their full coloration till the early
fall months when on the verge of the breed-
ing, or spawning season. Hence it is puzzling
that you caught this one in full color. The
only reasonable conclusion in the matter is
that you caught a freak brook trout ; a freak,
just as freaks occur among other living things,
such as albino deer for instance.

We would be grateful to all the readers
of this magazine if they would state some
of their findings of freaks among trout, and
any valuable information along these lines
as to possible causes. These findings will
gladly be printed in our magazine. al

No. 69--I have for a long time been greatly
interested in fish life both in the piscatorial
sense, and also on its other side—the natural
history part of the subject.. I believe that
I can speak with some sense of authority,
from experience upon many matters con-
nected with the fish of our lakes and streams,
this coming from careful study and ex-
perience. One of the things I have paid a
good deal of attention to has been the sub-
ject of sound and noises made above water, ~
the belief being that such disturbances, out
of the water yet in the neighborhood of
the fish will frighten them. Thus for in-
stance some people hold that making a noise
in a boat, as stamping the feet on the bot-
tom, talking loud, laughing or pra a is
heard by the fish distinctly and that they
take fright as aresult. This, I do not believe
to be the truth. Fish are more or less un-
aware of noises made above the water, and
it is only when these sounds, or disturbances
are made in the water that the fish feel,
or sense the vibrations and as a result take
fright. I have proven the accuracy of this
statement many times by making such noises
in a boat and above water when. fish have
been around, with the result that no fright

“can be made.

y

n ihe part of the fish has been noticeable.

_ But the moment the water was splashed or
- anything was dropped into it the fish would

instantly take fright and dart away. In
fact the firing of a gun close to the water
but not in the water has little or no effect
upon the fish save that they will remain
quiet, and cease their feeding for a few
moments, as though having, in a faint man-
ner, heard the report. There are some fish
of course that are more sensitive and alert
than others. To this class belong the trout.
For they certainly are able to detect alien
disturbances far faster than other fish. Bass
are really quite daring and very much un-
afraid, as is proven in that, even when you
are seen they will not take fright ; but they
will take fright if the water is disturbed
sharply and out of the ordinary. But bass
at the same time do not take fright at small
noises made in the water. Thus when one
is casting a bait the fall of the bait in the
water serves as attracting them to the spot
instead of frightening them away. The
drgpping of a lure every now and then in
the water along the pads will call in the
bass with the result that many captures
What frightens many fish
more than sound it appears to me is the show-
ing of yourself to them. Once you are seen
they take fright and dart away, or in the
case of the bass they become cautious and
will refuse to take your lure. Trout are so
sensitive that the least sound and the mere
glimpse of you will send them darting for
cover. The eyesight of fishes is very acute,
which is easily proven. I think that many
fishermen have so little success at angling

_because of the fact that they use so little

,
y

caution, and repeatedly show themselves
to the fish where they should be in con-
cealment. Perhaps the above remarks may
be of interest to your magazine and its
readers and start a discussion along these
lines, namely, the power of eyesight and
hearing in fish.
Yours sincerely,
H. M. French,
Port Arthur.

Comment.—Your conclusions are prac-
tically the same as are mine ; they seem to
jibe with the investigations that I have
made. It is hard to say just how keen is
the hearing in fish and-I doubt whether
anyone has pursued any special investiga-
tions along this line, at least not with note-
worthy success. As has been said by one
writer, ‘fish feel sounds through the skin
very much as we feel the vibrations of a
piano when our hands are in contact with
it, while certain fishes sense low vibrations
by means of the lateral-line organs. It
follows that the sound must cause vibration
of the water if it is to reach the fish. Science
is not wholly agreed as to the functions of
the so-called internal ears.” ES
_Jordan comments that the general func-
tion of the lateral line with its tubes and
pores is still littlke understood, but Dr. Dean
observes:

“The lateral line appears intimately if

; be not generically related to the sense-organs
6 the head and gill region of the ancestral
a by t

. . . Lo

fish. In response to special aquatic
it may thence have extended farther
farther backward along the median
of the trunk and in its later differentia
acquired its metameral characters. In
of its peculiar nerve supply the precise fun
tion of this entire system of organs beco
especially difficult to determine. Fee
in its broadest sense, has safely been a
mitted as its possible use. Its close gene
relationship to the hearing organ sugges
the kindred function of determining wav
of vibration. These are transmitted in so
favourable a way in the aquatic medium ~
that from the side of theory a system of ~
hypersensitive end-organs may well have
been established. The sensory tracts alon,
the sides of the body are certainly well sit
uated to determine the direction of th
approach of friend, enemy, or prey.”

A present-day angling writer (and a very
lucid and entertaining one, as well as one ~
having a good deal of knowledge about things ~
piscatorial) Mr. Charles Z. Southard, says
in his recent book, “Trout Fly Fishing In
America’ regarding the hearing of trout: _

“Fish have an internal, but no external
ear, and it is remarkably delicate in. con-
struction. On this account sound reaches ~
the ear of a trout through the water due to
vibrations caused by concussion and the
concussion is produced from jars or shocks,
either upon or in the water and from the ~
earth in close proximity. Scientists tell us
that fish are incapable of hearing sound
produced in the air, but to what extent this
is really true is a question, in view of the —
number of instances that would tend to dis- .
credit this statement. Water as a medium
of sound is very dense, while air, on the other
hand is not so, and the ear of a trout isfash- -
ioned to receive sound through this dense
medium just as the human ear is fashioned
to receive sound through the medium of the
air, which is less dense. Therefore it is a
safe deduction to make that trout can hear
better in the water than they can out of it
and that the human ear can hear better
out of the water than it can when in or under —
it. From the practical standpoint of the
angler it is a safe statement to make that
trout are not disturbed by and do not hear
people talking when in a boat or walking
along the bank of a stream, because the
sound of the voice cannot possibly reach
them, even if they are but a few feet from
the water. By what means sound is con-
veyed to the internal ear of the trout I must
confess that I do not know, but I have a
very strong leaning to the theory that sound ~
is transmitted to the ear of the trout through ~
the nerves that are united to the base of ~
each scale which leads to a ed ganglion,
which is located on the forehead below the
eyes, and which in turn is connected by ©
nerves to the internal ear.” ia

That fishes are frightened by sound there —
can be no doubt, and any deliberate con- —
cussion such as jarring the ground along a
trout stream will frighten the fish and drive
them helter-skelter to covert, where they will
diligently remain in hiding. At the same
time black bass show odd traits in this mat-
ter. For bass it has been proven are not

rei

396

inordinately frightened by sound. Thus it
has always been held that the thudding of
the bait to water will attract them to the
spot rather than frighten them away. Thus
at a second cast one should be assured of a
capture. In line with the above assertion I
may remark that a recent writer in a well-
known contemporary has put out an article
which has been more or less of a surprise to
the present editor. He speaks of catching
black bass with every degree of success after
the passing of a motor boat ; in the white
water that is thrown off to either side. Now
anyone who has been in the vicinity of a
passing motor boat has always turned with
black and beetling brows, and a_ hidden
curse on his lips—feeling that every fish
in the region has been frightened into the
deep by the commotion attendent with the
passing of the craft with the motor. This
writer, however, speaks of the fact that bass,
instead of being frightened away love to
plunge wildly into the white water, it hav-
ing a strange fascination for them. Thus
instead of going away from the spot he
fishes in the white water, casting his arti-
ficials into the midst of the tumult and
has had great success in the process. This
is surely a new method to me. I had never
conceived of it as being possible ; nor do I
yet believe anything of the sort, though I
do believe that the writer in question really
thought he was speaking the truth. His
statement would seem to disprove the gen-
eral belief that motor boats frighten away
the fish.
RR. Peds.

No. 70—Being a devotee of the bait rod and
fishing in our freshwater lakes for many of
our fishes I have lately used various types
of the wobbler artificial minnows. I have
had such decided success in using these,
over the common underwater and surface
artificials, that I am this season using them
entirely in my fishing. There was a time
when I used the spinner artificials a great
deal but, save in the real wild waters I did
not have the success I expected with them.
However with the arrival some years ago of
the various wabbling baits I swung over
to them with the result that I have used
them ever since and expect to use them
right along for I find on general principles
that they are just what the bass are look-
ing for. Needless to say I have discarded
all the other shapes of minnows, both the
surface runners and straight-running under-
water baits. They are not attractive enough,
and while one may now and then obtain bass
upon them there is nothing substantial in
the results. On the other hand I think
the wobblers have a lifelike motion that
is imitative of a disabled minnow and the
fish pounce upon it. Not all so-called wob-
bler or wiggling baits however, to my way
of thinking are good. There may be a too
pronounced wiggle and erratic motion to
them ; in which case the object of the bait
is lost. I may say that I have experiment-
ed with practically all of the wobbling tribe
of minnow and I have three selected that
I feel can compete with any minnows, of
whatever shape found on the market. These

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA —

T are ib lat Aa td vet 7 \ yj
“, War ataiiate Ch ctihe i onli

three I shall name ;—being the Tango, the
South Bend Wobbler and the Wilson Wob-
bler, the old and original with the flutin,
not the later productions which I have tri
out and find not one third as good as their
old-time wobbler. All three of the above
minnows I have used with success and I
have pinned my faith to them. I have
fished waters with them that have been over-
fished. Just why are these three baits so
good, I asked myself? Because, I con-
jecture, they have a snake-like motion, and
wagging of the tail to them instead of a
crazy gyrating motion that surprises the
fish and sends them away suspicious.

The three baits I have meritioned have
a very gentle wiggle to them and snaking
along in the water they are not only at-
tractive but they make that attractiveness
count.

One morning I caught eight bass on the
South Bend Wobbler, which I consider a
pretty nice kill. These bass were caught
inshore, casting away up to the very edge of
the lake. I find that the closer one ¢an
get in to the shore the better for there is where

‘ to find the bass in the morning hours when

they are feeding. Many fishermen, and
some of my acquaintance make the mistake
of casting too far out in the lake. The
will row about thirty feet from the pads
and cast to the edge of them. They rarely
have any results even with the best baits
because, of course, the bass are not there.
However by going in as close as possible,
and using caution (as you have so often
pointed out) the wobblers cannot fail to
bring in at least a moderate catch—this
has been my experience. The on!y trouble
about the wobblers of course is_ that
the hooks being bare they accumulate weeds.
This, however, by skilful casting can be
avoided. I have not tried out the wobblers
whose hooks are protected by weed guards
though I understand that the Wilson Wobbler
people so put them out. The idea is a good
one but to judge by the illustrations they
are clumsy looking affairs.

Another thing. Wobblers are considered
best during the beginning of the season,
though they are good in the autumn months,
when, in fact I have had my best success with
them.

In closing I must say that the fisherman
who has the best success at fishing is the
one who persists in studying the habits of
the fish and whe has sense enough not to
go out in the hours when the fish are net
feeding, expecting to bring home the limit.

I am a constant reader of Rod and Gun
and must say that it is the best sporting
publication on this continent, bar none.
The only fault I can find is that more of the
angling brethern do not send in accounts of
their fishing that we may enjoy hearing their
views on the many things so interesting in
the world of fish and fishing.

R. H. Jones, M.D.,
Ontario.

Comment.—I am glad to note that you are
a devotee of the wobbler minnow form of
fishing. From past articles that I have
had in our department you may gather that

I am using them a great¥deal. Like your-
self I have had success with the baits you
have named, also with many others of like
ilk. Good results have been the rule even in
much-fished waters, where all other kinds
of baits have proven quite unsuccessful.
I agree with you that the time to use the
wobblers is in the early part of the season,
and in the autumnal months. By the time
this number of our magazine reaches your
hands the fall fishing should be on, and
the fish should be taking well. Then is
when the artificials and especially the wob-
blers come in for a good deal of mention.
I have been surprised this summer at the
great number of pickerel I have taken on
the Wilson Wobbler. I never recall having
used an artificial minnow with such success
on this minor wolf of the lakes. As men-
tioned in a previous number of this magazine
I am quite a devotee to pickerel fishing,
if caught by means of the steel bait rod, in
bait casting. I find that, in autumn especial-
ly, the pickerel put up a fight when caught
quite equal to bass of the same weight. And
the wobbler is enticing for any kind of fish
of the preying brand.

To be especially attractive, no doubt, the
wobbler should have the snaking motion
as to body that you name. The wagging
of the tail by the way I find very attractive
and it cannot help but make some of those
old he-bass wake up and take notice. On the
other hand I believe that many of our baits
make too much a disturbance in the water,
for instance those baits that create too much
of a boiling disturbance at the surface. In
northern and wild lakes these work to per-
fection but there is no doubt in the least
but that if one is fishing in much angled
waters his selection of lures should be
skilfully arranged. I will add that fishing
in much-fished waters has a charm in that
the fish are harder to procure and only
the really intelligent (fish intelligent) angler
will have anything like noteworthy success.
But if one sticks to it he will learn a great
number of things he never thought possible.
Bass have notions it is true, and it is in
studying these notions and profiting by
them that so much fascination can be exact-
q ed from the pastime. The man who per-
z sists in using one form of bait, or kind of
? bait all of the time is indeed foolish. If
artificial minnows do not work, then a spoon
or live bait can be worked in with success.
This change from one to another often proves
worth while looking into. I have for some
years favoured one form of lure aside from
the live bait and the artificials, to be used
in bait casting. That is the original spoon
—the Number 5 Skinner. Ordinarily this
spoonhook is used for trolling, for muskies,
pike and pickerel, but as a tool im bait cast-
ing it is also a fine success. At the same
time should the bass prove not to care for
either the spoonhook or the artificials allow
me to say that there is one system that
never fails. That is the use of shiner min-
nows, live upon a suitable hook. The aver-
age shiner minnow that we see is a very
small creature yet these minnows may be
had four, five and six inches in length. Where
__ they cannot be procured in the creeks there

et,

d

ee a?

‘run a net out in the lake and around the

is a never-failing method that I give her
and which I want you to try out, if yo
desire these larger minnows. At night burn
a light on the shore of the lake where you
think there is a suitable place. These shin-
ers are at once attracted in. A half hour
or an hour after this light has been burnin

and. you should be rewarded with all th
minnows of a large size that you can us
in a week. Swimming around on the hook
the largest of the fish pounce upon them
and are a never-failing means of attaining
your end. Employed in the fall months of
the years, if all other means fail, you will
have fish and a great number of ee :

. Poss

No. 71. I was very much interested in

reading your article on methods of bait castin
for muskies, in the June Number of Rod and
Gun of which I am a devoted reader. Herein
I will tell yow of my experiences and hope you
will be able to give me some suggestions.
During last July and August I fished for
muscallonge in Lake Timagami, in the Nipis-
sing district of Ontario. Before starting for
Canada I bought from the American steel
Wire Company a soft copper wire, the size of
which ise040, and also purchased an Auto tail
spoon hook, weighing three pounds. (I have a
inclosed a piece of the wire I used for your }
inspection). The type of reel I bought was
manufactured by the A. F. Meisselbach Bros.
at Newark, N. Jersey. This reel is 434 inches
outside dimensions and has a capacity for
100 yards of wire. After arriving at the fish-
ing grounds I took the butt end of a Bristol
steel rod and to this I fastened my reel of wire.
Then after passing the end of my wire through
the eyelet at the outer end of the butt, I then
fastened a swivel; next came the Auto-tail
hook. I then sat in the bow-seat facing the
stern while another man paddled the canoe.
Then holding the butt nearly parallel with
the outside of the canoe I let out ninety feet
of wire. After trolling for ten minutes I had
a strike and started to wind up the wire.

The muskie pulled in just like a dead weight,
but just as soon as he reached the canoe and
was lifted half out of water he made a mighty
fuss and shook himself loose.

Since that time I have not caught any, but
have tried in the same way quite a few times;
while others with the same kind of an outfit
as I described have caught a few. The con-
dition of the water was clear and very cold
and varies in depth from twenty to one ul
hundred feet, with a bottom that is often —
very rough and rocky.

There are many large muskies in Lake Tim-
agami, but it is not often that anything over
twenty pounds is caught. I would like to get
the largest ones.

I noticed that you think a good deal of bait
casting for muskies and in your articles you
speak of getting the largest ones by bait
casting.

If you think that is thé\best way please tell
me what kind of an outfit is most effective.

In trolling would I be likely to have any
success if I should fasten a bit of red cloth on
to the Auto-tail hook?

ae
%
i oom

’
;

rr 2
4 f
a '
oO \
na )
J oe

_ How should I start bait casting if I want

ood results? I have never tried bait castin

or any kind of a fish. I have trolled wit
different sizes of spoon hooks without results.
I shall be camping this coming July and

August onthe shore of Lake Timagami with

other fellows whom I know and I have an idea

that the reason I do not have better luck is

because I do not know just how to go about it.
I have seen fellows fly fishing in deep water
for muskies and the only result was a good
laugh by the rest of the camp. We doa good
deal of fishing and catch a good many trout
and bass.
I would be very glad to have any informa-
tion that you are willing to send me.
Thanking you»many times in advance. I
remain,
Mostly sincerely yours,
Francis D. Moore,
Worchester, Mass.

Ans.—I have been rather surprised at your
method of taking the musky in his favorite

haunts, for Lake Timagami has as good a

reputation as any. There are firstly wire

es to be used on muskies but never have

IT seen or used a copper wire (of the size you
__ enclose)—and copper wire, at that, uncovered.
How in the world you are able to amagg all that

copper wire on the reel (evidently the Taka-
part) and have a shade of success with it is
what puzzles me. And no wonder that the
fish came in a dead weight. There was no
give to the ‘line’. Copper wire of that sort
ae use as a leader; a piece, perhaps two feet
ong attached to the line. But never a whole
line of sheer, out and out copper wire. There
are any number of musky lines on the market;
the King fisher (musky size); the Jamison
line; the Senter-Brade; and one of the finest
lines I have ever used—the Osprey line -(of
pure Italian silk) put out by the Lou J.
Eppinger Co., of Detroit, Michigan, pro-
curable in any up-to-date sporting and fishing
goods establishment. I would not be afraid

to handle a thirty pound musky on the 20

\%\

pound test Osprey line. You evidently are

Jaboring under the misapprehension that

muskies must be taken on very heavy tackle.

a With that copper wire, of that dimension I

would not feel afraid to handle the large blue
tuna off of Catalina in the Pacific. A line of
silk must be had. There are types of braided

_ wire lines, but never any of copper such as

this, and in entire lengths at that!

I do not know what an Auto-tail hook is;
and I have scouted around some. To weigh
three pounds it must be the Kaiser of all
spoons. You have got the wrong steer. If
you are trolling, a Skinner spoon in nine
cases out of ten will bring success. Large
muskies are taken mostly on the smaller sizes.

~=—iior

weighs the preposterous amount of three
pounds. No wonder you have been un-
successful. Such a contrivance would surely
frighten and jar even the rocks out of place.
se first a musky line as above suggested; —
then a Skinner spoon; attach small strips of
red flannel to that and even hook on a frog
if they are not in striking mood. But if you
hook on a frog do not use red flannel strips
on the spoonhook.

Fish in the feeding hours—five in the
morning to eight o’clock forenoon. After
that till three in the afternoon it is quite
useless to try for them because they are not
feeding, and while they have been inshore
during those feeding hours, during mid-day
they retire to deep.. water. Troll in and
around the shores—twenty-five, thirty feet
out—or right alongside of the weed beds, visit
the bays and coves; and do not fail to take in
the territory out from the mouths of creeks.
Here the big ones lie—for here the feeding (in
the shape of minnows) is exceptionally good.
If your bait is cast in these places, at the hours
designated, there is no reason why you should
not have success in due measure.

It is well nigh impossible to land a musky
(alive) into a canoe. You must either have
a gaff or a small revolver (a Stevens pistol)
for instance, with which to shoot them in the
heads. Always remember that they put forth
their most wicked resistence as you try to get
them into the boat. Hence the weapons I
have mentioned. :

Now re your wanting information on bait
casting. This would take a chapter in itself,
and it has been covered in detail in past
numbers of Rod and Gun in this department.
Perhaps for the benefit of newer readers I will
have an article or so this winter on this
subject (more complete than what I have
written previously) which you will no doubt
peruse with interest. As for bait casting for

muskies, I rather felt I had said all I eould

say on that subject in the June number. It
is too bad that you have selected August
as your outing month, especially if you desire
muskies. These fish rarely strike mn August
owing to the fact that they are “teething’—
in other words their gums are sore, and raw.
When their gums heal and harden in late
September they take the spoon like the
savage barbarians they are. The best musky
season of the year is from the 15th of Septem-
ber till the snow flies. October is a musky
month to conjure with. Sometime try the
Autumn fishing, for all sorts of fish and you
may be surprised at your success. :

I trust the above will in a measure, lend a
little light.

RP

i a

ee

)

SE fF cs” Sok)
+e pele “aN? ee
Daa cre be my

' The photo which appeared in our July
issue on page 162 of a little girl holding ‘“‘the
winning ones” shows the first prize small
mouth bass in the Rush Tango Gold Prize
Contest for 1915. This fish weighed 334
pounds. This contest is open to all the fish-
ing fraternity in Canada as well as in the
States, the home of the Rush Tango Minnow
which is manufactured by the United States
Specialty Co. of 405 Sedgwick Bldg., Syra-
cuse, N.Y. The company advise us they are
receiving some very interesting entries from
Canada. The winner of the first prize for
1915 for the best all-round catch made his
catch at East Lake, Ontario. A reproduc-
tion of the catch which shows eleven large
fish, some of which are particularly large
small mouth bass, appears herewith.

Mr. Cudney of Rochester, N.Y. was the
winner of first prize in the Rush Tango $50
Gold Prize Contest for 1915. When the
prizes were awarded on February Ist, 1916
the United States Specialty Co. sent a check
for $15 to Mr. Cudney’s address in Rochester
and the same was acknowledged by his ad-
ministrator, Mr. Cudney having been acci-

- dentally killed while deer hunting last fall.

The catch which was made at East Lake, Ont.
is a very interesting one when the variety
is noted, also that a number of the fish caught
were small mouth bass anyone of which would
have been a prize winner if entered individu-
ally. Mr. Cudney was an enthusiastic fisher-
man and always made it a rule to spend his
vacation in Canada where he did a great deal
ot fishing.

‘

i Arg ' wy
‘ \ _ ‘, ie
eit 7 ee Whe , sok it

ta > er On re tye yee

A FIRST PRIZE CATCH MADE AT EAST LAKE, —
ONTARIO

MR. CUDNEY OF ROCHESTER, N.Y., WINNER
OF FIRST PRIZE IN RUSH TANGO $50.00 GOLD
PRIZE CONTEST FOR 1915. THIS BEST ALIL-
ROUND CATCH WAS MADE AT EAST LAKE, ONT.

A RHYME OF OLD ANGLERS
C. L. Gilman

I wonder in what stream to-day
Ike Walton wets a line ;

And where Frank Forester displays
His casting, far and fine?

Seth Green, I think, is with them there
By that celestial stream,
And Reuben Wood, does he too share
The dells wherein they dream?

Joe Jefferson, may he by times
Display a well-filled creel

To Cleveland, he who willed his friend
“My best Kentucky reel?”

Why fear for them, when hence they went
*Twas sure to enter free

His gate, who left to serve his Lord,
His nets on Galilee.

2gG

THE MAN AND THE BEAR

Pe
| eau

C. H. Hamilton

EING a reader of the Rod and Gun for
B the last six years reading and enjoying
some of the adventures of some of the
nimrods, recalls to me my experience with a
Brown bear in the Yukon.
In 1903 my partner, the kid, and I were

_ trapping on the head waters of The Stuart

River. It was in the month of May and the
small fur season being over we decided to try
our luck for bear and on a beautiful morning
about the middle of May I left our head-
quarters with our dog team and toboggan, to
go to the head of a small creek where we had
one of our winter camps, arriving at our
camp about 9 a.m. On nearing the camp I
saw signs of Mr. Bruin though the tracks were
a day or so old. Having everything laced on
the toboggan even my trusty rifle which was
a .303 Savage, I walked up to the door and
found I could not open it as there was some
heavy body against it. I left the door there-
fore “and went around to the wmdow which
consisted of half a flour sack nailed over the
the opening in the logs, to find the window
taken out. Putting my head in the opening
I called out, ‘‘anybody there?’ when it
dawned on me that my rifle was still tied on
my load; though having no answer from the
inside the readers of this can rest assured that
I was not long in making tracks back to my
toboggan and getting myrifle off. By this
time my dogs were getting very uneasy as |
might say here that none of them were fond
of meeting Mr. Bruin. FM

- Going back to the window and looking in
again I saw what had happened to the door.
On our last trip to this camp some time before
we had left the two hind quarters of a bull
moose in the camp lying on our bunk for use
when we returned in the spring. These two
quarters had been pulled off the bunk and up
against the door where they had been covered
up by Mr. Bear for a future feast. I might
say for the benefit of the readers of Rod and
Gun that the floors in our camps consisted of
chips. These had all been collected and laid
over the moose.

Crawling in through the opening of the
window I soon had the chips removed and the
moose meat uncovered. It was still almost
intact as bruin had evidently not been very
hungry when he had taken possession of the
camp. Having got things straightened out
I unharnessed my three dogs namely King,
my wheel dog, Beaver, my second and Daw-
son my leader, being afraid they might run
off. I tied Beaver up to a tree about five
rods from the camp, made myself a cup of tea,
and decided to lie down and have a sleep, as I
had been travelling since two a.m. and felt
rather tired. I made my plans to have a
sleep, then towards evening to put the dogs in

the camp, get on the roof and watch for Mr
Bear during the night, for at that time of the
vear there was only about one hour during the
night that was not bright enough to shoot at
an object with a rifle. Leaving my rifle
against the outside of the camp and opening
the door wide to let the sun in I lay down for
my forty winks.

I had just had about my forty winks when —
I was awakened by the most awiul com-
motion outside the camp and just got my
eyes open in time to see King pass the door
on the run with Mr. Bear right behind him
walking on his hind legs. In less time than it -
takes to pen this I was at the door and had
slammed it shut and the latch dropped.
Putting my back against the door I awaited
events. Remaining against the said door for
about one minute which was more like one
hour to me and nothing happening, I decided
I would open*the door and get my rifle which
stood about three feet to the right of the door.
Opening up about six inches I put my head
out to see Mr. Bear about twenty feet away.
As soon as he heard the door open he turned
and made straight for it. The door however
was quickly closed by yours truly. Waiting
a short time I ventured to open up again only
to see him about twenty feet away walking
toward poor Beaver who was chained to the
tree and could not get away. Thinking that
he would certainly kill the dog if I did not
kill him first, I threw the door open and
reached for my gun but Mr. Bear heard the
door and was too quick for me. Turning he
made straight for it. Again I closed it ma
hurry. Things were getting serious for it was
getting down to hide and seek between the
bear and the man, but by this time I had
discovered a small opening near the door where
the moss had fallen out. Looking through I
could see his lordship walking towards the
dog again. Waiting until he was quite near
the dog I threw the door open and got hold of
my rifle. Mr. Bear turning again and seeing
the door wide open turned from the dog and
came straight for the door. Drawing myself
back from the door as far as possible, which
was only a distance of six feet, and pumping
a shell into my rifle, I awaited events. I had
not long to wait for my friend walked up to the
door, put his two front feet inside and looked
up at me at a distance of about four feet with
a look as much as to say ““What business have
you here?’ Pulling the trigger Bruin dropped
im his tracks, shot between the eyes. Al-
though not a grizzly bear he was quite large
enough to make things interesting had my
rifle missed fire.

My next related adventure will be the story
of my experience with two bull moose in the —
Yukon.

OME years ago one of my countrymen
S needless to mention his, or his country’s
name, said that up in Northern Ontario
where he had been an earth worm was a
*Rara Avis,”’ snakes a scarce ‘article’, but
owls could be seen any old day in “flocks.”
There was a good deal of truth in his state-
ment. Indeed it may be said to be founded
on facts. I came north. From Cochrane
there runs a road for some 15 miles crossing
the Abitibi river which flows west from the
“Great Bend” and joins the Frederickhouse
river near Kettle Falls. It was on this road I
took temporary possession of a lonely “‘shack”’
towards evening one day last summer. The
door lay pensively open, owing to a mechani-
cal defect, which attracted my attention to it
sina likely domicile in which to spend a
peaceful night. Investigation showed its
possibilities as a resting place and a search
revealed a serviceable tomato can in which to
brewtea. Anearby spruce tree afforded amp-
le material in the way of “tips” with which an
aromatic spring mattress could be made. It

looked as if things had come my way and a-

peaceful night was to follow a long day’s
tramp. One really ought to be able to count
on that much, so far from the “maddening
crowd’? Yet although the solitude and
silence towards nightfall were unbroken no
sooner had Morpheus condescended to ad-
minister his soothing elixir for balmy sleep
than some infernal animal—it seemed to me—
had invaded my privacy.

A .22 is a weapon which if handled with
dexterity is no mean defensive, but stealthy
moments and uncanny breathings in close
proximity to one who is prone on the ground,
in the dead of night conjure up ghostly
thoughts of murdered bodies beneath the
floor and other horrors. Yet such things must
be manfully coped with, and when something
deathly cold is thrust in one’s face the natural
instinct is to strike with vigor. In this case
the result of so doing elicited a beastly howl,
and a light revealed—a wretched starved cur,
which however troubled me no more after
receiving such an unfriendly reception.

It was early daylight before my next visitor
called and to my sleepladen eyes presented
a truly devilish appearance as he thrust
through the doorway what appeared to be
the “intellectual end” of his Satanic Majesty
himself. With unkempt locks and gleaming
eyes he glared straight at me from beneath
his shaggy mane, blowing trom his nostrils
volumes of sulphurous vapor, apparently:
I think my hair must have stood on end and
I must have gasped audibly for “Hey!
Presto’’!—and he was gone. On looking out
I saw my visitor had taken unto himself

A recent International Park is that estab-
lished in Central Vermont, one mile from
the village of Gaysville, where a large tract
of land has been purchased by the Order
of Owls and set aside as a park where re-
creation, angling and game shooting can

SP Saae

H.W. Parsons

401

“three others worse than himself,”
they were similarly attired and shows
cloven foot!

Now a moose is not in reality a
dangerous animal although by no m
could a big bull moose be truthfully ca
gentle and pretty creature. One ca
always judge by appearances, and a .22
said before—if handled with precision ca
a lot of execution with its little leaden me
ger, but granting all this, one must reme
and respect the game laws of our coun
so we'll let it go ‘at that!

I got back to my homestead next day:
found contentment for some time in grubb
stumps. It was while engaged in this
hilarating pastime some weeks later, tha
was hailed from the road by a voice with
strong Cockney accent, shouting “Hey th
There’s three bloody bears up the road! Br
a gun cawn’t yer?” The young gentle
was pale and breathless. He had left th
road, giving “‘Bruin et freres”’ the right of wa
and as he said ““myking”’ a wide detour.

Now a bearskin (such as a bear has)

worth sometimes $25.00 and this is a lot of
money and will buy a lot of “long clear”, —
besides the meat ‘tis said, is most lusciou
and juicy, better by far than porterhous
Thus I soliloquized, while the young man re-
gained his mental equilibrium. He pleade
an urgent engagement in the opposite dire
tion when I timidly suggested his company —
in the sanguinary bears’ direcion, at which —
my soul rejoiced inasmuch as, I, ‘alone, with
a .22, would not only win renown, but a
propriate unto myself all the financial an
other emoluments appertaining unto those—
three bears. I found bears where stated, but —
not exactly as stated; there were only tw
just a widow and her offspring. The form
was nosing around a rotten log so I got within _
12 yards of her and five little pellets reduce
the number of living bears by two.

The big game hunter should, when writing —
about his exploits always have his articles —
illustrated. It lends weight and gives reality —
to the story and I am truly sorry I have no
photographs of a monstrous moose or bumper — si
bear to adorn my tale.

What’s a “fish” story without a string off
fish? ts

I could tell of some “‘shoots’’ among the
small things, partridge or grouse, which are
so plentiful here, but, really don’t you know, ~
it would be “infra dis” and not to be thought
of. Let others recount such trifling affairs. —
I will only say that anyone who can blow. Ss
hard can with a peashooter fill a bag in an
Autumn day. I have provided a dinner with
nothing more than a few rocks but
“play ball’ once.

be indulged in by members of this Order
The park is threaded by trout streams and
grouse, rabbits, bear and other game are
said to be found there in abundance. The
organization will maintain this}park per-

manently. i

GAME PRESERVATION IN THE

DOMINION PARKS

F.H.H.

Williamson

The following article was delivered in the form of an address at the meeting of the
Committee on Fisheries, Game and Fur Bearing Animals in November, 1915 and is
“included in the recently issued publication ‘‘Conservation of Fish, Birds and Game,’ put

out by the Commission of Conservation.
_ provoked contain a great deal of matter that

The address and the discussion which it
is of interest to readers of Rod and Gun.

: HE Dominion parks in Canada, which
: i are maintained as wild-life sanctuaries,
include an area of 7,927 square miles
upwards of 5,000,000 acres—nearly equal to
one-half the total area of Switzerland, almost
as large as Belgium and nearly one thousand
“square miles greater than the area of Wales.
Jasper park alone, which includes 4,400 square
miles, is larger than Montenegro and almost
twice the size of Prince Edward Island. With-
‘im this great area no trap may be set, no gun
may be fired; within these boundaries al! wild
animals live as free from danger as they did
before the advent of man. The fenced en-
closures, Buffalo and: Elk Island parks, re-
‘spectively, situated at Wainwright and at
Lamont, Alta., comprise 176 square miles.
_ Buffalo park was created to contain the
Government herd of buffalo, secured in 1907
and 1909, from Michel Don Pablo, of Mon-
tana. In six years, this herd—which at the
time of purchase was the largest on this con-
- tinent—has increased from 709 to over 2,000
head. Elk island park, a small reservation,
_ 16 square miles in extent, contains 50 elk, for
the protection of which it was originally es-
tablished, but it now contains, in addition,
about 100 buffalo, 40 moose and 80 mule deer.
In these two parks protection consists chiefly
in vigilant effort to protect the animals from
disease and enemies, and to maintain the type
ata high standard. The danger from prairie
fires is also one which has to be constantly
guarded against. Both parks are protected
_ by double strips of ploughed guard, one inside
and one outside the park fence, which are
ploughed once each season, or if the season
is very dry, twice. As the perimeter of
_ Buffalo park is about 76 miles, its fire guards
_ necessitate several hundred miles of ploughing.
Those charged with the care of the animals
have to be continually on the alert to avoid
the possibility of an outbreak of disease.
When the epidemic of foot-and-mouth disease
broke out in Chicago, the Chief of the Animal
Division immediately “reported that the
Canadian herds were liable to contract this
disease, since the infection can be carried very
readily by human beings. As a consequence
both parks were immediately closed to visitors
and remained closed until all danger of in-
fection was past. In 1912, when the fatal
disease known as haemhorragic septicaemia
broke out among the buffalo in the United
. Yellowstone park, steps were immed-

os

402

lately taken to protect the Canadian herd.
The officials in charge of the herds were fully
instructed respecting necessary preventive
measures and the steps to be taken if signs
of the disease appeared. As a result, there
has been no serious illness of any kind among
the buffalo.

It is an interesting fact that, while these
two parks were set aside primarily for the
protection of buffalo, moose and elk, they are
becoming sanctuaries for all kinds of bird life
and for various small animals. The super-
intendents report that wild life quickly re-
cognized that within these enclosures it was
safe, and large numbers resort there to breed.
Feathered game is especially plentiful and, on
the shores of the lakes that supply fresh water
for the buffalo, thousands of wild ducks and
even geese are making their homes. Last
year the Superintendent of Buffalo park, in
his annual report, said: “‘A great many true
sportsmen have already recognized this
valuable protection to the feathered game and
the overflow this year has afforded them an
ample supply for their guns.”” This bears out
the assertion of Dr. Hornaday that all that is
necessary is to create the reserve and protect
it, that the birds will discover its existence
in a very short time and will resort there in
numbers to breed.

In the great open parks of the Rockies, the
system of protection followed is necessarily
different, but it is meeting with similar success.
The main feature of the policy adopted there
is a system of interlacing trails extending from
the park headquarters to the outlying boun-
daries, with game wardens’ cabins placed at
strategic points and linked up by telephone.
Each warden patrols a certain number of
trails, covering them every few days, and

passing the nights in the comfortable little -

cabins which also serve to store sets of fire-
fighting tools.

The Parks Regulations require that all guns
and firearms brought within the boundaries
must be sealed by a Government officer and all
unsealed firearms are liable to confiscation.
In addition, all parties travelling through the
park are compelled to register at the office of
the superintendent, and to declare their in-
tended routes of travel. This makes it pos-

sible to notify the game wardens, who patrol.

the trails in question, that such parties will be
travelling in that direction at a particular
time. The wardens are then on the alert and

-eamps and search for evidence of infractions
of the law. \ é
to escape detection by the trained game

Ver
me
;

‘enabled to follow them up, visit their
It is very difficult for an offender

warden. Recently, a‘number of hunters left
Banff, in Rocky Mountains park, to hunt big
game on the British Columbia side of the
mountains. The warden in charge of the trail
along which they travelled inspected their
vacated camps two days after they had left
the park and found they had cached two goat
heads, evidently intending to pick them up
on their return. The warden immediately
followed them; later they were brought to
Banff, tried before the resident magistrate,
convicted and fined. The maximum penalty
for killing game in the parks provides for the
confiscation of the entire outfit, pack-horses,
ponies, guns and camp equipment and, in a
case recently tried in Banff, when this penalty
was enforced, the property confiscated amoun-
ted to over $1,000. Convictions such as these
have convinced old-time hunters and resi-
dents of the park that the Department in-
tends to enforce the Parks Regulations with-
out respect of persons.

The results of this protective policy are
seen on every hand. Five years ago, the big-
horn sheep and the Rocky Mountain goat,
which are approaching extermination in the
United States, had almost disappeared from
the Rocky Mountains park; now, they are to
be found within a mile of Banff itself. You
can hardly travel along the automobile road
from Banfi to Castle, without running into a
flock of 30 or more. There are several herds
of goats up the Spray river, about 10 miles
from Banff and, from the Canadian Pacific
Railway hotel there, with the aid of field
glasses, goats can frequently be seen on the
slopes of mount Rundle, about a mile away.

Deer, which a few years ago were seldom
seen by the visitor to the parks, are now to be
found everywhere. They roam the streets
of Banff, nose around the back doors, and
sometimes eat from the hands of the residents.
The same increase in numbers is noticeable
in all other forms of wild life. The black bear
is frequently seen on the outskirts of Banff,
and the grizzly is occasionally reported; red
fox, wolverine, marten, lynx, mink, grouse
and partridge are seen in abundance. Dr.
Hornaday says it took the wild animals in
Yellowstone park about five years to ascer-
tain that it was safe to trust themselves within
rifle-shot of man, but, in Rocky Mountains
park, they appear to have been more in-
telligent, for they found out in less.than three.
Those in charge of the parks have been able
to realize the truth of Dr. Hornaday’s asser-
tion that: “There is not a single wild mammal
or bird species now living that can not or does
not quickly recognize protection, and take
advantage of it.’

The daily dairies kept by the game wardens
furnish probably the best sources of evidence
in this regard. From the Rocky Mountains
park, one warden reports ““Numbers of deer
in Banff town tame enough to feed at house
door,” while others mention seeing quantities
of wild fowl, especially partridges, as well as
numerous sheep and deer, 90 sheep having
been seen in one flock. From Jasper park,
it is reported that sheep are becoming so tame

‘on the _ south.

as to be in danger of being caught by

that partridges are very plentiful an be
and swans increasing. A warden in Watert

Lakes park states that he saw in one day 7
deer, of which 11 were big black-tail deer,
while another speaks of seeing sheep in bands —

of 15 to 20. ;

Waterton Lakes park, increased in area at
the same time as Jasper park in June 1914,,
from 131% square miles to 423 square miles, is.
in the heart of one of the finest game cna
in the Rockies and abounds with grouse, part-

ridges, pheasants, ptarmigan,. grey geese,
ducks and prairie chickens. Black bears, —
grizzlies, mountain goats and sheep are
numerous, :

Before this park was increased in area,

a
two-mile strip of unprotected territory ri f

between it and the United States Glacier par

With the United States.
sanctuary on the one hand and Waterton
Lakes park on the other, one can realize what
a hunters’ paradise this trip was prior to that
date. United States authorities the Camp-
fire Club of America and others, interested

o

in the protection of wild life, had pointed out

the dangerous nature of such a condition of
affairs for years. As our park has been ex-
tended to the boundary, there now exists a
great international sanctuary, the first of its
kind, of over 1,800 square miles.in area, in
which the wild life of that portion of the
Rockies enjoys absolute protection.

The Parks Branch maintains a staff of
permanent game wardens but, whenever
circumstances demand it, this is increased by
the appointment of temporary wardens. In
addition to their other duties, the game war-
dens are charged with the destruction of
noxious or predatory animals and are allowed
to carry a gun for this purpose. Formerly,
the game in Rocky Mountains park suffered
severely from the attacks of coyotes, which
existed there in great numbers, but, owing to
the energetic measures adopted by the war-
dens, this source of danger is being kept down.
The keeping of dogs in the townsites is not
encouraged. A heavy license is required and
no dogs are allowed to run at large. At
present the Parks Branch proposes to in-
augurate a vigorous policy with regard to
cats. Anybody who heard Mr. Saunders’
address will realize the importance of this.
proposed measure. Dr. Hornaday has stated
that cats destroy many millions of very
valuable birds each year. In the state of

‘Massachusetts alone it has been calculated
that they are responsible for the death of at ~

least 700,000 birds.
The Dominion Forest Reserves and Parks
Act, passed in 1911, reduced the parks area in

and, between the old and new boundaries of —

Rocky Mountains park, left a district of about
3,000 square miles. To continue the pro-
tection afforded prior to the Act, the Minister
ordered that, during the open season in
Alberta, the park wardens patrol this area
also and protect the game from the bands of
Indians and others who make it their custom
to go into the mountains at this season of the
year.

; The most important new work, which has
been undertaken by the Branch during the
past two years, is, perhaps, the measures,

oe Eon

my *

taken to preserve the pronghorned antelog

BN x
Uae
is as graceful as the deer and can outstrip the
swiftest greyhound, is now in imminent danger
of extinction. In former times it was found
in great numbers over most of the western
half of this continent, its range extending
from Manitoba to the foothills and from Mex-
ico to the far north. Mr. Thompson-Seton
estimates that, at the time of the first settle-
ments in the west, the habitat of this animal
~_ covered nearly 2,000,000 square miles and he
places the number of antelope at that time at
~ about 10 to every square mile. That means
that, half a century ago, there were some
4 20,000,000 antelopes on the continent. He
a, estimated that, in 1900, there were probably
—_ Jess than 100,000 living, at least half of which
were in Mexico. Since that date, records
from the United States show the numbers
have decreased to half what they were then,
so it is evident that, within a comparatively
short time, it will be exterminated. In 1912,
Hornaday estimated they might last 20
‘years, but recent reports make it doubtful if,
in so far as Canada is concerned, even this
ean be looked for. The chief difficulty en-
countered in trying to afford protection to
“this little animal lies in its own nature. It is
delicate, capricious and easily upset. It is
so sensitive to shock that, as Hornaday says,
it dies literally ‘‘at the drop of a hat.”
_ During the past few years, several attempts
_ were made to breed antelope in Buffalo park,
but met with practically no success. Although
given every attention and the food to which
they were supposed to be accustomed, all died.
The Superintendent reported that he con-
sidered this was due to the fact that the
antelope never fully recovered from the shock
_ of capture and, after repeated failures, he
recommended that the attempts should be dis-
continued. It was then decided to attempt
to preserve this animal by creating carefully
elected reserves at a considerable distance
from each other, and containing within their
respective areas all the necessary plant
growth required by antelope, together with
ood winter and summer pastures, thus af-
rding both shelter and feed the year round.
In the selection of these reserves the services
of Mr. Thompson-Seton, the eminent natur-
alist, were secured by the Department. With
Mr. Maxwell Graham, Chief of the Animal
ivision of the Parks Branch, he made a
personal inspection of a number of possible
areas throughout the West. Finally, three
areas were set aside as reserves for antelope,

Ny is hoped that, by devoting special study
to the needs of the animals and their possible
diseases, success may be assured.

_ Early last spring, the Northwest Mounted
olice notified the Branch that there was a
- herd of antelope near Foremost, Alberta. Mr.

Maxwell Graham was successful in enclosing
with a fence about 12 miles in length, a herd
discovered near the junction of two deep
-coulees in Southern Alberta. The land was

Hh,
» VG

i

pe. —
his beautiful and curious little animal, which —

-in Council proclaiming it a Dominion park.

av AEA? ‘ ,
ure, no better select ’ an ill-year-

round reserve could be asked for,
When the discovery of the herd was made, ~
the time of year—early spring—forbade any ©
idea of attempting to’ drive and corral the
antelope. The Dept. of the Interior decided
to construct around the eight sections where
the antelope were situated, an antelope-proof
fence. With considerable difficulty, owing
to the nature of the ground, the sections have .
been efficiently fenced and there are now 42
antelope within the enclosure.

Further, by means of wing-trap devices on
two sides of the reserve, it is expected that
other antelope now in the near vicinity will —
also be secured.These devices have been ap- —
proved by Mr. Ernest Thompson-Seton and
others in a position to judge of their value.

To perpetuate the species, we have thus a
nucleus herd, in an enclosed reserve eminently
suited to it, and have, therefore, great hopes
of a success as complete as that obtained in the
preservation of the buffalo.

Action has also been taken by the Branch in
the creation of more bird sanctuaries through-
out Canada. The United States now boasts
some 75 bird sanctuaries, but Canada, which
is the breeding place for hundreds of varieties
of bird life, possesses only one. This is a
reserve set aside in 1887 for the protection of
wild fowl in the neighborhood of Long lake,
Sask. The islands and shores of this lake
have long been favorite breeding grounds for
many varieties of wild fowl and it is interesting
to observe that, so long ago as 1887, the Goy-
ernment recognized the importance of pro-
tecting bird life.

A large number of areas were recently visit-
ed by a parks officer who has reported ten-
tatively as to their suitability for bird sanc-—
tuaries and, pending further investigation, 23
areas, 12 in Saskatchewan and 11 in Alberta,
have been reserved by the Department. It
is expected that the majority of these and
others-which may be selected, will be declared
bird sanctuaries and will be properly pro-
tected and patrolled.

Respecting the proposed bird reservation
on point Pelee, this spot—the most southerly |
point in Ontario—has long been a favorite |
bird resort. It is in the direct line of migra-
tion and thousands of birds of numerous
species visit it in their migratory flights. In
addition, owing to its southerly situation,
many species, unknown elsewhere in Canada,
have been found there. This point of land
is already the property of the Crown, under
the administration of the Ordnance Lands
Branch of the Dept. of the Interior. Un-
fortunately, much of the coast line has been
disposed of to summer residents and others,
but enough still remains to establish an ef- u,
fective bird sanctuary. The Minister has 4
already approved, the principle of the Parks
Branch taking over this area and administer-
ing it as a Dominion park. To bring it under
our protective regulations, all that remains,
therefore, is the transfer of administration
from the one Branch to the other and an Order

Tle Parks Branch has been asked to report, __
as was also this Commission and the Dept.of
Agriculture, on the proposed convention —

between Great Britain and the United States
especting the protection of migratory birds.
_ All the provinces of the Dominion, whose
co-operation is essential to the success of such
a convention, were asked for their opinion
regarding the proposed treaty. Favorable
replies as to the principle were received from
’ all the provinces, exception being taken to a
few details by two of them. An Order in
Council was thereupon passed advising the
Governor General to inform the United States
Government that the Canadian Government
is favorably disposed towards the conclusion
of the proposed treaty. The ratification of
this treaty.will undoubtedly mean a very long
step towards an adequate bird protective
scheme embracing the whole Dominion.

There are two other questions which have
already received the sympathetic considera-
tion of this Commission. ‘The first of these is
the preservation of the wild bison. This
animal, commonly known as the wood buffalo,
represents the last of the wild herds of this
continent. It inhabits the district lyin
between the Peace and the Slave rivers an
westward in the direction of the Caribou
mountains. Its numbers are variously es-
timated at from 300 to 500 head, but all
authorities agree that it is apparently dimin-
ishing in numbers. This animal probably
represents the finest species of bison now
existent. It is larger, darker and hardier
than the plains buffalo, which is the species
forming the Government herd at Wainwright.
Outside of the interest which it excites, the
Parks Branch, which does not at present
exercise any administration over the herd,
is anxtous to secure its protection also because
it appears to offer an unequalled source from
which the Government herd may be replenish-
ed. One of the important questions con-
tinually confronting those in charge of the
Canadian buffalo is the maintenance of the
herd at a high standard.

Although the danger is far from imminent,
there is a tendency wherever wild animals are
restricted in range and where inbreeding
necessarily occurs, for the type to deteriorate.
In the case of the buffalo at Wainwright, the
result of this may become manifest in, say,
15 years, when at the present rate of increase,
the herd may number 20,000 individuals. If,
however, there is from time to time an infusion
of new and vigorous blood into the herd, there
is little danger of deterioration. Unfortun-
ately, there are, however, very few sources
available from which pure, vigorous, unre-
lated stock can be secured and there is ap-
parently no source so desirable as the wood
bison of the north.

At present the wood bison ranges in scat-
tered bands over an immense and remote ter-
ritory, preyed by wolves, white trappers and
possibly Indians, and no proper protection is
afforded it, such as it would receive enclosed
in a natural range and brought under a pre-
servatory administration. It is believed that
adequate protection can only be afforded by
centralizing the herds and driving them down
into some locality where they can be confined
within a-restricted area, an area where proper
patrols can be established, where game re-
gulations may be enforced, and where ener-
_getic steps may be taken to lessen the menace

<n

ak

from wolves. The selection of a suitable a
for a reserve of this nature is now engaging
attention of the Branch.

I may add that the creation of a sanctuary

for the wild bison will provide an opportunity —
|
in danger, namely, the woodland caribou.

to protect another native species, which is als

The range of the wood bison coincides in part

with that of the woodland caribou and the_
creation of a reserve in this district would —

serve the double purpose of affording much
needed protection to both.

In addition, this whole territory abounds
with fur-bearing animals. In the opinion of
Thompson-Seton it is a better fur country
than Algonquin park and such a reserve
would become a sanctuary which would add
considerably to the conservation of our
natural resources by the production of
valuable fur-breeding animals, which should
have sanctuaries provided similar to those for
other beneficent animals and birds.

It is judged impracticable to confine fur-
bearing animals in small enclosures for many
years, unless the quality of the stock is main-
tained by infusion of new blood periodically,
which, in the case of most fur-bearers, will
necessitate open ranges or sanctuaries from
which to obtain the new wild stock. The
Parks Branch has recommended, therefore,
the establishment of large sanctuaries for fur-
bearing animals in the Northwest Territories
and in Northern Ontario and Quebec. The
overflow from such preserves would provide
hunters and trappers with an adequate and
never-ending supply of pelts and the fur in-
dustry of Canada would, again, become one of
its chief sources of wealth.

Vigorous steps have been taken recently
by the Parks Branch to protect the game in
the Northwest Territories by destroying the
principal destroyer of the beneficent wild hfe—
the wolf. The Parks Branch, which ad-
ministers the Dominion wolf bounty in the
Northwest Territories, recommended the ex-
tension of the comparatively small area within
which a Dominion bounty of $20 has for some
years been paid. This bounty is now paid
on wolves which are killed anywhere within
the Northwest Territories, an Order in Coun-
cil to this effect being passed last August.

The protection of musk-ox is one which has
already been brought to your attention by
Mr. Stefansson and your Chairman has al-
ready made valuable recommendations re-
specting their conservation. Below are the
recommendations contained in a report pre-
pared by Mr. Maxwell Graham for the Society
for the Preservation of the Fauna of the
Empire; the Chairman of the Society has
concurred in them and has expressed the hope
that action will shortly be taken:

(1) ‘‘A close season for a number of years,
during which no one but Indians, explorers
and travellers may kill musk-oxen and then
for food only. If during this period any
musk-ox skins are offered for sale the same
should be confiscated and the person so offer-
ing the skins should be severely dealt with.

(2) ‘““When an open season is allowed for
musk-oxen, hunting these animals with dogs
should be absolutely prohibited, for the reason
that when dogs are used the musk-oxen will,
as with wolves, stand at bay. This habit) of

ke
ei

theirs is taken advantage of by skin hunters
and others, these people shooting the animals
down as they might cattle in a pen.

(3) ““No skins should be sold or exported
unless tagged by a government official, who
would periodically inspect all musk-ox skins
stored at Hudson’s Bay or other trading posts,
his duty being to confiscate all skins which
were plainly not prime, and hence not taken
when in season, and to see that all skins
legally obtained were tagged with a numbered
metal tag or label, bearing on it the year’s date
of such tagging.

(4) “The establishment at different selected
locations within the proper range of the musk-
ox, of absolute sanctuaries, wherein not only
musk-oxen but caribou, as well as fur-bearers,
might thrive and multiply.”

The report also recommended:

“That customs officers at Herschel island
examine all vessels and he empowered to con-
fiscate any musk-ox skins illegally obtained
from the natives, while such vessels are winter-
ing in their proximity.”

And a further extract states:

“In order to still further safeguard the in-
terests of the natives and of the musk-oxen, I
would advise that the government supply to
the natives up-to-date wolf-traps, which
might later be paid for either in wolf pelts or
money obtained for the same.”

The question of the introduction of reindeer
into our far north as a means of opening up the
mineral resources of the Yukon territory and
other portions of the Canadian hinterland, is
also one which has been referred to the Parks
Branch for report, and they have recommend-
ed that, when future attempts are made to
introduce this valuable animal into our
northern country, the Labrador herd be not
looked to as a possible source of supply. Ap-
parently, these reindeer are too small and too
light for use as a means of transportation.
It is stated that they are smaller than our
barren-land caribou, which are about one
third smaller than our grey woodland caribou.
Dr. Grenfell has stated that his reindeer,
which came from Norway, are too small. He
admits that good-dog teams can out-travel
his deer and says he hopes to get new stock
to improve his herd. f

The United States herd in Alaska, however,
appears to offer a type admirably suited to our
requirements. Originally, this herd was made
up of 200 of the finest and largest of the
Tunguse variety of Siberian reindeer and about
1,000 large and hardy Russian animals. The
type which has been developed is, in con-
sequence, a larger and stronger one and, there-
fore, one much better adapted for transporta-
tion purposes than the Labrador herd. In
addition, the Alaska reindeer are now ac-
climatized and, if transplanted to Canada,
would probably meet no new or. adverse
conditions. Before the experiment is made
however, it will be necessary to ascertain

whether reindeer moss is procurable in the

districts in which it is proposed to establish
herds and, also, whether it will be possible,
during the fly season, to transfer the reindeer
to mountainous regions where they will be
free from insect pests—their deadly enemies.

As the Alaskan authorities have gained, by
costly experiments, much experienec in the

Phas
‘ b Ps

management of their herds, the Parks Branch
recommended:

(1) That it should be ascertained whether
the United States Government would be
willing to dispose of a number of its reindeer
in Alaska to the Canadian authorities.

(2) That, if the United States Government
were willing, a special officer be sent from
Canada to Alaska to thoroughly investigate
‘conditions on the ground.

(3) That no action be taken as to the de-
finite location of the herd or cognate matters
until all possible information with respect
to the Alaskan experiments has been secured.

Later, if thought desirable, steps might be
taken to secure a herd from Siberia, as the
Tunguse variety is apparently so superior to
all other reindeer, but it would seem that the
first step should be along the lines followed in
Alaska.

The tourist and recreational values of game
are other considerations in which the Parks
Branch is particularly interested. As to the
first, tourists’ delight in observing the wild
animals running free in the Parks and this
attraction is worth almost as much to the
country as is the scenery; in fact, the wild
life in our national parks has to-day become a
part of the scenery, so numerous and tame
have the wild creatures become. As to the
second, the first necessity in Canada, to-day,
is the conservation of human efficiency.
More than ever after this war we must look
forward to building up and maintaining a
virile, hardy and intrepid race, and to do this
we must not get too far away from primitive
conditions of life. The instinct of the hunter
is one of the oldest and deepest of the race;
tnere is, for the ordinary man, no stronger lure
to the out-of-doors than this. In Canada, it
will be possible, for a time, to satisfy this
instinct without great trouble. But the time
will inevitably come, as it has already come to
a great part of the United States, when there
will-be no game for the poor man to shoot.
In that country, sportsmen, despairing of
nssistance from the Federal Government in
the protection of game, are planning for a
system of private preserves where wealthy
individuals will be able to enjoy hunting.
This is but a return to the methods of the
older countries where the game is reserved
for the enjoyment of the few. If large areas
of the barren rocky tracts in northern Ontario
and Quebec and in the Northwest were set
apart and placed under the same sort of pro-
aection as is afforded in a private preserve,
it would be possible, not only to secure a large
revenue by the imposition of a small license
fee and from the disposal of pelts from fur-
bearing animals, but provision would also be
made for meeting a natural recreational de-
mand, a demand which should be provided
because it tends to make happier and healthier
and, therefore, better citizens of our people.

Following the delivery of this address an
interesting discussion took place, a report of
which is given herewith: :

Prof. Prince: What is the experience in
regard to the preservation of bears? I have
always maintained that the black bear in —
Canada is not destructive. On investigating —
a case of alleged destruction of sheep by a —
bear in Gaspe, it was found that the culprit

~ around to hide his crime, so that the bears

‘was a man, who had spread the fragments

were looked on as the offenders.

Mr. Williamson: So. farsas the Dominion
parks are concerned we have not had very
much trouble with bears. Of course, we do
not have many of them but last summer the
Alpine Club at Banff was visited by them.
They pulled down the waiter pipes and got into
the cellar and ate up a quantity of provisions.
The Club complained and we sent up wardens
who shot the bears. I believe they do destroy
sheep and other stock, but we have very
few stock in the parks and are not troubled
with black bears or grizzlies. If they become
too mischievous, we shoot them.

Dr. Robertson: They seem to have some
boy-like Hallowe’en proclivities but that is not
a shootable offence.

Prof. Prince; In the case of the Alpine Club,
I think it is to the credit of the bears that
they found the things to eat. The bears are
not to be blamed, but rather the men. I
regard the bear as the clown of the woods, as
Hornaday defines him. It is ungracious on
our part to unnecessarily destroy him, but,
at the same time, we should prevent him
destroying property.

I never saw more magnificent skins than
the grizzlies, etc., that were brought into
Edmonton twenty years ago from the present
Jasper park. It is a pleasure to find such
_ efficient protection of game. In past years
we have heard a great deal about the success-
ful preservation of game in the United States
and I have often felt a little critical about
some of the published reports. I visited
Yellowstone park fifteen years ago, when it
was alleged in the London Times that the
buffalo were being preserved: and that the
example of the Yellowstone Park authorities
should be followed elsewhere. At that very
time, wholesale slaughter was going on and
two fresh heads were offered me at the town
of Livingston on the outskirts of the park.
We can trust our Canadian officials and the
fact that the herd of buffalo has increased
shows that the work is being well done. The
increase is marvellous and reflects great
credit on the Department having charge of
this work.

The reference to the prong-horn antelope
touches a soft spot in my heart because I have
seen them, in the course of years, diminishing
very rapidly. It is a rare thing now to see a
prong-horn on the prairie at all, whereas a few
years ago this beautiful, graceful animal was
often seen. I hope that every measure is
being taken to preserve it. It is not only
a beautiful game animal but is, in many re-
spects, unique.

When I first went to Manitoba there were
tracks, just like the old buffalo trails, beaten
by the great herds of elk, and, now, there re-
mains hardly a single head. In Vancouver
island, also, a herd used to roam near Cameron
lake between Nanaimo and Alberni, and I fear
every one of these has been shot in the last
eight or ten years. If, in these sanctuaries
the elk is being successfully conserved, tnat is
a creditabie achievement.

The Indians, of course, are a difficulty. But
for the little protection afforded, the wood
buffalo would have been exterminated ere

Cue
this. It is a magnificent animal, much
than even the prairie buffalo. I think
Victoria museum has a fine specimen. _

Are not the caribou up the Skeena as la
as the Tunguse? I have one or two he
from the Skeena which must have
magnificent animals.

Mr. Williamson: The black mountain ¢
bou are not as big as the Siberian caribo
I do not think we have in this country
animal to equal the Siberian Tunguse.

Dr: Hewitt: Sir Clifford Sifton remar
that one of the objects of this Commission —
to bring together various divergent elemen
working along similar lines. For instance,
seems to me that this Commission might
assist in promoting the co-operation of the
Forestry Branch and of the Dominion Parks
Branch in game preservation. There would
be much more unity of purpose, and therefore
of success, if the work were brougnt more to-
gether under one head and if a Branch, which

is essentially engaged in forestry preservation, Mh:

were willing to delegate the duties of game
preservation to a Branch wnich has an
efficient staff engaged for that purpose. I
was very pleased to hear from Mr. Williamson

of the formation of bird sanctuaries and I have, ©

therefore, to correct the mistaken views which
I derived from other sources. But tnere is
some ground for my making such a mistake,
as tne Parks authorities keep tneir activities
so dark. Those of us who are working hard
to obtain bird sanctuaries should certainly
be the first people to near tnat such refuges
have been set apart. Under whose authority
will these bird sanctuaries be administered
and in what way?

Mr. Williamson: The bird sanctuaries
which we have established are simply re-
serves.
Dominion lands in the West, it can reserve
any areas it wishes, and we take advantage
of this to have certain areas reserved. Many
of them may be unsuitable for bird sanc-
tuaries, as in the case of lakes which dry up
during summer.

Dr. Hewitt Who inspectea them?

Mr. Williamson: Col. Maynard Rogers, the

Superintendent of Jasper park, inspected
quite a number in the summer of 1914. He
recommended their reservation pending an
autnoritative inspection by some one con-
versant with bird conditions.

Dr. Hewitt: You would not regard them as
established sanctuaries?

Mr. Williamson: No, simply reserves. They
are reserved from all entry.

Dr. Hewitt: There is no warden?

Mr. Williamson: Not yet. In fact there
has not been a warden on the one reservea in
1887, at Long lake, Saskatchewan, although

the birds there are safe from any molestation. —

Mr. Fielding: As an officer of the Ontario
Government I must say I have been extremely
terested to near this address of Mr. Wil-
liamson’s on the game parks of tnis country.

Reverting to the question of bears tnat
Prof. Prince has brought up, I may say tnat I
have recently finished a tour of fishing in-
spection in northern Haliburton. I never
saw a place more ‘nfested with bears, due, I
think, very largely to the fact that there are
enormous patches of berries, principally

As the Dept. of the Interior controls

~—_— 7. ot 4Ae 20” Dealt Ae es ’ a? te 028.
Ta pe WU
ite > b

ROD AND G

___ raspberries, on whicn the bears live.

_ value of these resources to Canada.

w Settlers,
_ fire rangers ana others who travel in tnat
- country, state that the bears have never been
known to do any harm to sheep or cattle.
There is a large section of that country whicn
pent be easily set aside for the protection
of bears, because it has no agricultural value
and is apparently of very little value. I have
never seen elsewhere in Canada—either here
or in the far West—such numbers of moose
-and deer as there are there. They seem to be
- increasing rapidly and, moreover, it appeared
to me to be a district very easy to protect.
Tnere are only two ways into it, both of them
very difficult, and it does not seem to be in
any way attractive for the settler. It is sur-
prising to find such scenery in a province like
Ontario, which is generally looked upon as a
fairly flat country. We are doing our best
to protect the speckled-trout streams there,

which we have discovered are fairly good

and need protection. I hope, also, that we
shall be able to protect the mammals of that
district.

Dr. Robertson: Would it not be a better
argument to obtain both Government mone-
tary and public support for the parks and the

reservation of game to cite the reasons rest-
ing on hunting with a camera ratoer than

not one person in a thousand in Ottawa who
has any chance to hunt with a gun and, of that

number, at least four out of five are not quite
safe companions with a gun. I gatherea from
Mr. Williamson’s paper that no such argument
was needed for the maintenance of our buffalo
parks; no one wants to go hunting with a gun
for buffalo any more. No such arguments
can be used for the antelope. If we encourage
hunting with a camera and discourage hunting
with a gun, we shall not be any less courageous
or resourceful. Canada ought to be a bira
sanctuary from ocean to ocean, so far as
guns are concerned. I know no featnered
creature that any man 1s entitled to shoot
with a gun in these days.

Dr. Hewitt: It will be a sanctuary so far
as insectivorous birds are concerned.

Dr. Robertson: That is why I tnink if we
put it on this humane and not hea enterprising
plane to the public and the Government we
should perhaps achieve more. I put Mr.
Williamson on his mettle; would he rather
hunt with a gun or with a camera?

SPECIAL BULLETIN FROM THE COMMISSION
OF CONSERVATION, OTTAWA

. The report just issued by the Commission of
_ Conservation, “‘Conservation of Fish, Birds
and Game’’, directs attention to the great
The
volume is a report of the proceedings of a
eonference of the Committee on Fisheries,

Game and Fur-Bearing Animals ot the Com-

mission, and contains a fund of information
regarding the present condition and the
necessity for protection of Canada’s fish,
birds and mammals.

Canada is taking a prominent part in the
international movement for the protection of
wild life. A Migratory Bird Treaty between
Canada and the United States is under con-
sideration. Through the influence of the
Commission of Conservation and other in-
terests, bird reservations are being created,
where the birds may find safe nesting and
breeding places.

The fur-bearing animals of Northern and
Western Canada are being rapidly exterminat-

Mr. J. D. A. Evans of Crystal City, Man.,
writes as follows regarding a_ hibernating
retreat for snakes in southern Manitoba:
“At a distance of one half mile from the
high bridge of the Canadian Pacific Railway
at Clearwater, southern Manitoba, there
is a cavern in which many reptiles spend
the cold winter months. e number of
reptiles within this excavation is a problem
and affords an interesting sight for many
visitors. Several varieties of snakes have
been noted, among them red and yellow

ed. This is clearly shown by the present
report. To secure their more adequate pro-
tection, the Commission is advocating the
amendment of the Northwest Game Act to
place responsibility for its administration
upon the Dominion Parks Branch, which al-
ready protects the animals in the Dominion
National Parks. ;

The future of the fisheries of Canada is
dealt with in an ab!e manner by the highest
authorities in this country. That they are of
great present value is recognized, but there is
also a potential value in our oceanic and in-
land waters which, upon development, would
mean the creation of new industries. To meet
this condition, the Commission is suggesting
vocational training and simple demonstration
stations for the fishermen, that they may take
advantage of the most practical and modern

.methods of their calling.

The report is replete with illustrations ap-
plicable to the subject matter.

stripe garter, a few milksnakes, grass species
green in color, also a species of small size
and erroneously known as copperhead. From
the hilltop to its base in the gully small trails
are located which are apparently utilized by
the reptiles in journeying to and from the
cavern. In the summertime snakes may

be noticed hanging from tree branches in
the vicinity and even the surfaces of the —
poplars are polished as a result of years of
use by these snake climbers.”

Prize Catches

1—1 lb. and 21b. beauties caught in Little Sabeco Lake by Wm*
E. Cone, Springflield, Mass

2—7 1b. bass caught on No. 15 Bristol by A. H. Johns.

3—64 lbs. of trout caught in Boyne City, Mich., in 12 days!by
Judge Hammond. rbi

4—A string of 1-Ib and 2 1b trout from Cochetopa River, Colorado.

5—9lb. and 7 3-4 lb. bass caught one afternoon on a No. 15 Bris-
tol Rod by A. H. Johns.

These prize pictures are among&the
thousands which we received showing fish-
ermen of all degrees of skill, whose fishing
trips are successful because they use

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412 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA © at

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We THE UNIVERSAL CARS

New Prices August 1, 1916 }}

The following prices for Ford Cars will
be effective on and after August Ist, 1916

Chassis . .

Runabout . .
Touring Car .
Coupelet . .
Town Car ..

Sedan...

$45000

47590

49500.

69500
78099
89000

f.o.b., Ford, Ontario ~

These prices are positively guaranteed against any reduction
before August Ist, 1917, but there is no guarantee against an

advance in price at any time.

“Ford Motor Company of Canada

Limited

Ford, Ontario

a ee

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: n ol : of ee < —_ tt
== a= =n ge iP ane ee REE Sy Se eS ee a SS
a a a a ee a a ee Sipe ee - Se oe gs

53

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\

a FI :

itten

The Publishers of Rod and Gun Magazine invite readers of the magazine to contri-
bute articles and letters to Mr. Geikie’s department on matters pertaining to guns and
ammunition, but do not mecessarily endorse the opinions expressed therein by these

contributors.

ARMS THAT HELPED TO SHOVE THE
FRONTIER OFF THE MAP

(CONTINUED FROM LAST ISSUE)
By Ashley A. Haines

sf

HE old Rolling Block and, Hepburn

model Remington rifles that were used

alongside of the Sharp’s during the
uffalo and Indian days are seldom seen
iow except where they figure prominently
m the game that seems so fascinating on
he target range. To speak of a Remington
ifle to the average shooter of to-day, will
isually mean some one of the modern Rem-
ngtons and be in no way related to the old
ingle shot Remingtons that were carried
yy sO many men on the Frontier 30 to 40
ears ago—in fact I doubt if one reader in
our who may read this will be aware of the
act that Remington rifles, and they were
ifles of exceptional worth, were sent into
he West by the thousands and there used
vith every satisfaction on the big game as
vell as in the Border warfare that was far
oo often in evidence.

The rolling Block Remington military
ifle, as nearly as I can learn, was brought
ut in the early ‘60’s and a sporting model
Remington in *71, but the Remingtons that
ve are mostly interested in are the ones that
ppeared about ’73 using the long range
enterfire cartridges of that day; and the
Xemington-Hepburn, often spoken of as
Xemington No. 3, which appeared a couple
f years later. Most of the Remington
ifles made prior to 1870, I believe though
annot be certain, as it seems difficult to
earn with absolute certainty concerning

EDITED BY A.B.GEIKIE

at @ Readers are invited to contribute to this”
vw emt notes, comments and en-
$ concerning firearms andammun- g¢
. Communications must be brief ff
and te the -point and persomalities must EFS
not be indulged in. The Editor will not 2]
be held responsible for opinions express-
ed by correspondents. ress al}
communications to A. B. Geikie, c/o Rod
and Gun, Woodstock, Ontario.

416

2
4,2

the exact dates that certain arms and calibers
were introduced or discontinued, were made
to use rim-fire cartridges, but with the ap-
pearance of the Remington Long Range
Rolling Block rifle in the winter ‘ef ’73, the
Remington was produced that contributed
more to making the name “‘Remington”’
famous than any other arm they have brought
out—my opinion, of course, but believe
it to be correct. It has been claimed by
the makers, and they should know, that

i

REMINGTON ROLLING BLOCK RIFLE, SHOWS _
CLOSE VIEW OF LEFT HAND SIDE OF BREECH,

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BE a SER

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LD

Dominion Trap
_ Loads Win Main Events

In Trap Shooting performance is a fair gauge of the
superiority of the shot shells used by the winners.
Here are a few of the scores made with Dominion
Shot Shells at the annual tournament of the Dom-
inion of Canada Game Protective and Trap Shoot-
ing Association at Cobourg, Ont., June 5, 6,7 and 8.

National Amateur Championship, won by H. D..
Bates, 99 x 100, shooting Dominion Imperial.

Grand Canadian Handicap, won by Mark Sprague,
94 x 100, shooting Dominion Sovereign.

High Average, H. D. Bates, tied for first, 288 x 300,
96%, shooting Dominion Imperial.

High Amateur for all targets, S. G. Vance,'568 x 600,
94 2-3%, Shooting Dominion Imperial.

Preliminary Day, S. G. Vance scored -96 x 100,
shooting Dominion Imperial.

Long Runs for Tournament, Ist, 2nd and 3rd, won
with Dominion Shells. H. D. Bates 118, E. G.
White 100, John S. Boa 98.

High Professional Average for the Tournament,
made by John S. Boa, 574 x 600, 95 1-2%, shooting
Dominion Canuck.

These are Canadian Wins made by Canadians with
Canadian. Ammunition.

Fhe big “D” on every box means a reliable trap load.

Dominion Cartridge Company, Limited
836 Transportation Building, Montreal

‘the cartridge closed block and, if

418 ' ROD AND. G

s Pek?
over one million and a half of the Remington —

military rifles have been sold to various
nations throughout the world. The sim-
plicity and durability of the Remington
Rolling Block model had much to do with
its popularity both as a aye and hunt-
ing arm. The ones we are mostly interested
in, however, are the sporting models. These
cannot be obtained now though plenty of the
military Remingtons can be. had at Banner-
man’s for a song.

There have been a great many single shot
rifle actions designed, many of them, like
the Sharp’s, the Remingtons and Ballards,
with str6mg points in their make-up that
appeal to those of us who have long held
membership in that constantly increasing
Order of Confirmed Gun Cranks; but among
them all the one that has always seemed to
me to be the simplest, and yet the most in-
genious, is the Remington Rolling Block.
For the benefit of those who may never
have seen or used one of these rifles let me
briefly describe the action. The breech
block and hammer were pivoted to the re-
ceiver by very large pins. Both breech block
and hammer were what might be called mas-
sive, though not unduly so, so as to cause
anything bordering on the unsymmetrical
in the complete arm. After loading, the
breech block which closely resembled the

- hammer and was operated in the same man-

ner, was turned forward. The underside
and back part of the breech block was hol-
lowed into which the hammer, correspond-
ingly shaped, closely fitted as it fell, first
locking the breech-block and then firing
the cartridge. The strain on the action
was about equally divided between the
breech block, the hammer and the*pins on
which they turned—at least this is about
like I have always thought. To load, one
cocked the hammer, pulled back on the
thumb piece to the breech block and inserted
you
desired to shoot you had but to pull the
trigger. Simplicity itself, wasn’t it?

From what I can learn the early Reming-
ton Rolling Block military rifles were fitted
with firing pin retractors, but the first of

a) the Rolling Block match or sporting rifles
_ depended on a firing pin spring to withdraw
_ the firing pin. Why the firing pin retractors

were not applied to the sporting Remingtons
from the first seems difficult to understand
as the advantage of a positively retracted
firing pin at the first opening movement of
the action, or before the breech block begins

- to unlock, which is better, seems so apparent

that it would have seemed best to have

get aN .
ROLLING BLOCK REMINGTON NO. 1. THE FAMOUS REMINGTON OF FRONTIER DA vs

Block models. I have pay th

Ia pin becoming wedged fast in
ward position so as to cause a prema’
discharge in any of the Remingtons, or
Ballards, but in some guns in which the ©
firing pin is not positively retracted (and —
when a spring is depended on to perf
this part it cannot be called positive) if the
fitting of firing pin is not exactly as it should
be there is always the possibility of rust
dirt, etc., causing firing pin to protrude past
the face of the breech block and beco
wedged fast, and a premature discharge oc r
as action is being closed, or, if action is open- —
ed with loaded cartridge in chamber an acci-
dent can ace happen that would be an
utter impossibility if firing pin were retractec
and held back at all times except when action
was in firing position. \

Although the~ Rolling Block Remingtons
did not have a breech block with a Titeets
.rear support, as did the Remington-Hepburn ~
(to be considered later) .the locking was
abundantly strong for any cartridge used —
in arms of its day—in fact so strong that
Rolling Block Remingtons were made later,
both in sporting and military form for such —

high-power cartridges as the .3040 U.S.,

a few other o
ridges. aft
I have spoken of the simplicity of the a mS
tion of this Remington rifle. To illustrate
permit me to mention the essential parts —
of the mechanism which were as follows: —
Breech block, hammer, trigger extractor, —
main spring, trigger spring, tiring pin and ~
retractor with a few screws and pins, possibly —
a few of the parts that entered into the
construction of the Remington No. 1, the —
arm that played an important part on the ~
Frontier, may have been overlooked, as I
have given them entirely from memory— ~
and after 30 years or so memory is not to be
depended on too much. But even if a few
parts have been omitted, take my word for
it, the Remington No. 1 was a very strong,
very simple and dependable ritle. It’s true: —
that it did not have the leverage of the ~
Sharps for inserting and extracting tight fit-
ting shells, but one could guard against such ©
cartridges, and when used with proper am- —
munition there was no rifle in use on .
Frontier that gave better satisfaction than —
the old Remington Rolling Block No.‘%1.
I cannot state positively, but think ‘i
this model was made for all, or at least nea

“J

Loose a

With 2 Triggers - - = $55.00 Tan
American Made by American With Automatic Ejector
Workmen. With Automatic Ejectorand Hunter One Trigger $86.00

We Make Guns From $25.00 to $1000.00.
ASK FOR OUR ART CATALOG
|
. | The Hunter Arms Co., Inc. 29 Hubbard St. Fulton, N. Y.
pac ae A TR Ed ESSE SEU BE a ra NCL Se OR ae EY

America Shoot Guns Made by
PARKER BROTHERS, a

Meriden, Conn., U.S.A.

MAKERS OF
GUNS THAT
SATISFY.

Send For Catalogue.

PARKER BROS., Meriden, Conn.

N. Y. Salesrooms, 32 Warren St., New York City

_ A. W. du Bray, Resident Agent, P.O. Box 102, San Francisco, Cal.

| The Gun That THE L. C. i. |
|| Never jee TRAP GUN a

> et.

*

— v4 _— i. =.
: The >
a et hy

a
‘ i ake)

Sharps. It was offered7in all lengths and —

weights that could reasonably be demanded,
guns with 32 and 34 inch barrels being quite
commonly used, while I have seen it stated
that barrels of any length could be supplied.
Just what the maximum length was, how-
ever, I have never been able to learn, but
resume barrels up to 36 inches could be
urnished, and possibly longer. (Wonder “if
any of the old buffalo hunters can enlighten
us on this point?) as to the extreme weights
would say that I never saw any of these
guns advertised to exceed 14 pounds, but
am under the impression that they could be
had on sp@eial order to weigh nearly, if not
quite as heavy as the Sharp’s of that day.
I know that I had one of the Rolling Block
Remingtons with very heavy oetagon barrel,
but only 26 inches fn length, .50 Caliber, that
weighed, if my memory serves me right, 1114
pounds. This may not be exactly right but
is not far from the exact weight. Now what
would that arm have weighed with same size
barrel, but with a barrel 36 inches long?
Sixteen pounds? Yes, and possibly more,
especially if it had been smaller caliber.

The Remington-Hepburn, introduced in
1875, which was also known as the Reming-

ton No. 3, was also a very simply constructed

arm, and besides having the vertical—sliding

or falling breech block, similar to the Sharps,

had a very strongly locked action as well.

~The lever for cReraung the breech block,
e

however, differed from the Sharps, as this, to
the Remington, was located on the -right

hand side’of the receiver, being in appearance

very similar to the side levers on shot guns.
On this lever being depressed slightly, the
strong \lever spring forced the action open
with cpnsiderable force throwing the fired
sheli ehMtirely clear of the rifle enabling this
Remington to be classed with the very best
as a rapid fire arm of its day and type. This
Remington had a centrally-hung hammer
with a spring-retracted firing pin, the hammer
being pivoted to the receiver, instead of to
the breech block as in the case of the Ballard

“ROD AND Gl

- safety notch,

UPPER; REMINGTON HEPBURN MATCH RIFLE. LOWER; REMINGTON HEPBURN
HUNTING RIFLE

2 considered la
hammer always being with
except when at full ct
ducing~ an absolutely safe action. —
often thought that this Remington
have been improved in appearance if
hammer had been pivoted to the bre
block, instead of to the frame, which would
have permitted its being placed say half an
inch higher than as was the case as it tak
made. Had this been done the hammer —
would have dropped down with the bree
block out of the way for loading, as in t!
Ballard and later Winchester sings.
and made possible a receiver s the
abrupt drop back of breech-block that wai
so prominent in the Remington-Hepburn
are writing about. As made, the ham
was necessarily hung low to permit cartridges
to be loaded into the chamber as well as for
the empty shells to pass over on being ex- —
tracted. The low-hung hammer to this arm
in no way detracted from the arm’s efficiency, —
being a feature relating wholly to the out- —
line of the arm which the writer, in briefl

proved if made as he has suggested. —
The Remington-Hepburn was made in ~
military and sporting models, were An
on the frontier to nearly, if not quite the
extent of the Rolling Block Remingtons; ~
were made for practically all of the most or
the popular long range cartridges of that
period, were in every way equal to any arms —
of that time for range and accuracy and
inferior to the best of them in but one re ne
spect—ability to, handle unusually tight —
fitting shells. Any, however, nreidineee
would: give first place to the Sharps for —
handling an over-size cartridge, but as most —
of these were the result of shells swollen in
the process of reloading, and usually entirel
the fault of the operator, the difficulty co
usually be avoided by care being exercis
reloading the cartridges or wholly over
by using factory ammunition. And
used with proper fitting cartridges, the
. &. ° o

Deere oe ay Per RA eye a\ . Tw ee “Ss haa ay) ae Oe

Ie ar F ’ “2 le fc a

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA | 421

Try It Yourself and See—

4

.22 Savage Automatic Rifle, Model 1912

[ts outlines and balance are perfect. It han- The .22 Savage auton@atic rifle uses the record
dles and comes up to your shoulder like a__ breaking, record holding, .22 Long Rifle Les-:
miniature trap shotgun. It’s got the high mok cartridge only. It’s the best and nearly
grip and low sighting plane'that makes snap- the cheapest rim-fire cartridge.

shooting easy. It is hammerless, with solid breech and solid
And every time you pull the trigger it fires a top. Shotgun safety on top of tang. Takes
shot. You don’t have to work the action. You down for cleaning or carrying. Uses detach-
don’t have to change your grip. Youjusthold able box magazines—an extra one free with
on and pull—and pull again—and again—and _ each rifle.

every time you pull it puts a bullet with tack- 20-inch round barrel, shotgun butt, steel
driving gccuracy just where you held your butt-plate, weight 434 pounds.

sights. If your dealer can’t supply you, we'll send you
It’s the modern .22 rifle—a step, and along a rifle and a hundred cartridges, express paid
step, ahead of the ordinary repeater, though in the U.S., for $12.50.. And anyway, write
it costs no morte. us for more particulars.

SAVAGE ARMS CO., 549 Savage Avenue, UTICA, N. Y.
Manufacturers of High Power and Smail Calibre Sporting Rifles, Automatic Pistols and Ammunition.

SAVAGE

NEWTON HIGH POWER RIFLES

HIGHEST VELOCITY RIFLES IN THE WORLD. A new bolt action rifle, Ameri-
can made=from butt plate to muzzle. Calibers .22 to .35. Velocity 3100 f.s. Price $40.00,
Newton straight line hand reloading tools. Send stamp for descriptive circular,

NEWTON ARMS CO., Inc., 506 Mutual Life Building, BUFFALO, N. Y.

1HIGH GRADE RIFLES || New !preved REPEATING and AUTOMATIC

ee
Less Than Manufacturer’s Cost Standard Rifles. High Power—25, 30, 35 Caliber.

Automatic, $18.00 " Repeating, $14.50 Guaranteed to be as represented or money refunded.
ey eo Beane —_ most oathakeys Sporting ee us

ers with remittance have preference. ull particulars ;
on request, Parts for these nase will be furnished at’ all Standard Arms Manufacturing Co.

fimes. ones Standard Rifles have serial numbers DEPT. 5 a ! WILMINGTON, DEL.

NEWFOUNDLAND

A Country of Fish and Game. A Paradise for the Camper and Angler. Ideal Canoe Trip

The country traversed by the Reid Newfoundland Company’s system excotingts rich in all kinds of fish
and game. All along the route of the Railway are streams famous for their SALMON and TROUT fishing.
Also Caribou barrens. Americans who have been fishing and hunting in Newfoundland say there is no other
Gountry in the world in which so good fishingand hunting can be secured and with such ease as in Newfound-
land. Information together with Tiustrated Booklet and Folder cheerfully forwarded upon application to

2 J.W.N. JOHNSTONE, General Passenger Agent, Reid Newfoundland Company, 8ST. JOHN’S, NEWFOUNDLAND

in on-Hepburn, like the Remington Rolling ©

Block, was a rifle to swear by.

As in the case of the Remington No. 1,
I cannot state with certainty the maximum
lengths and weights of the Remington-Hep-
burns, but think barrels as long as 36 inches
could be had while the weights, I believe,
would nearly, if not sap equal the heaviest
rifles of that day. I had a Remington No.
3, years ago, with 30-inch octagon barrel
that weighed not less than 12 pounds. It was
“all gun” in every way. My first elk and
two first mule deer fell to the Remington-

)

lwo

I would not have it inferred that these <
could not be had in lighiter weights and Wi
shorter barrels, for the Remington-Hepburn:
were made with barrels as short 28 inches ,
and as light as nine pounds i TS.
usually used on the Frontier, and, contrary —
to the present day belief, nine pounds mas |
not excessively heavy for a hunti fle
of that period.

ANNOUNCEMENT

The publishers of this magazine wish to
announce that the Editor of the Guns and
Ammunition Department, Mr. A. B. Geikie
of uke Mich. has left with his regiment,
Co. B. of the 21st. Michigan National Guard

for the Mexican border where the guard is

now doing patrol work on the Rio Grande
outside of El Paso. We have just received
word from Mr. Geikie in which he intimates
that his regiment may be kept there for some
months at least as the activity of the lawless

CAN NORTHERN ONTARIO BUSH _
FIRES BE PREVENTED | a

. 3 a frightful loss of life and property

from forest fires in Northern Ontario
need not be accepted by the people of

the province as wholly due to unavoidable

causes.

Evidence thus far received indicates that
the huge conflagration had its beginning in
“slash” fires started by settlers for the pur-
pose of clearing their lands.

For many years the menace of settlers’

fires during excessively hot spells has been
-imcreasing, largely for the reason that no

machinery of any sort existed whereby a
settler’s so-called “‘liberty” of burning down
lives and property could be curtailed. On

the other hand, the damage by railways has
been rapidly lessening as patrol and equip-

ment have been improved, so that in 1915,

the Canadian Pacific, Grand Trunk, Canadian
Northern and Algoma Central, were credited
by the Ontario Government ‘with 110 fires
in .the railway zone, causing a_ property
damage of only $4, 136, On the Transcon-
tinental and T. and N. O. (Ont. Government
1915 report) 317 fires were reported in 1915,
the amount of damage being unstated. In-
vestigation shows that both in Ontario and
Quebec, the settler and not the railways
primarily, must shoulder a very large part of
the responsibility for annual forest fires, with
a considerable contribution also from campers,
fishermen, prospectors, etc. How is the
settler to be brought under reasonable res-

_timber is at a minimum. This places no

element along the border necessitates vigilant
policing of the boundary line. 3 ;

Mr. Geikie joins with us in regretting the ’
necessity which temporarily forces him to.
drop his editorial duties with this Sores
or at least will cause him to limit his work as —
Editor of the Gun Department. We trust —
Mr. Geikie will soon return from the th-
west to resume the editing of the &
Ammunition Department.

wef

“*

vo et

traint-so that the “‘slash”’ fire shall be elimina
ed forever from the causes of these North
Ontario catastrophes? ‘

In Other Provinces. i
The laws of Quebec, British Columbia ye
Nova Scotia place heavy penalties of fine or
imprisonment upon any settler who starts a
fire during the season of danger, April to
November. 15, without a written permit from
qualified forest ranger. The object of —
ese aeee is to Rake pom that Eee ete <2 does — ete
tee select a windy or abnorma ly dry day on
which to carry on his fire operations, also that |
he piles his brush in the centre of his clea ore
where the risk of contact with Ree

reasonable hardship on the settler and, on
other hand, is a necessary guarantee for the i
safety of lives and immensely valuable Gratiaes :
in his neighborhood. During periods Bs
excessive and dangerous drought, the British
Columbia and Quebec forest authorities have
power to place a strict prohibition upon the ©
setting out of all fires in forest areas for what-
ever period of time may be considered neces-_ e
sary.

What is the situation in Ontario? There
neither law nor regulation to prevent a sett!
letting loose conflagrations in any way
at any time he may select. No ranger
authority to advise or interfere with a Se
in the employment of fire. ey

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 423

PWAECE For The Man Who Is Qut-of-Doors
The [soldier, the sportsman, the
prospector, the engineer will find
Jaeger Pure Wool Garments won-

derfully well adapted for Outdoor
life—comfortable and durable.

Here are some useful articles: Colic bands,
Socks, Sleeping Caps, Mufflers, Sleeping Bags,
Underwear, Flannel Shirts, Wristlets, Spencers,
Cardigan Jackets, Coat Sweaters, Knitted Waist-
coats, etc., etc.

A FULLY ILLUSTRATED RTAEGER
CATALOGUE AND DR. SANITARY WOOLEN SYSTEM

JAEGER’S HEALTH CULT- CO. LIMITED.
URE WILL BE SENT FREE TORONTO MONTREAL WINNIPEG

ON APPLICATION TO:— Incorporated in England in 1883 with British
Capital for the British Empire.

|| GUN: SIGHTS |

Improve Marksmanship

back of them

|

|

“40 years of:experience
Write for-Catalog to Dept-C.

|

The LYMAN GUNSIGHT CORPORATION”
» MIDDLEFIELD, CONN.; U.S.A.

Ideal for trolling or casting; appeals Note Variety of One
to amateurs or professionals. Hooks Hour’s Catch
being behind body of bait make it by J. K. Rush (Patentee) at
practically weedless. Floats when Pulaski, N.Y Cate
not in use—can’t catch on bottom. 3 1lb. small mouth
By many record catches proven a 4 !b. large mouth i
sensational killer for all kinds of ~* lb. northern pike, on

in. perch and one 36 in.
game fish. muskKalonge

J re) Cc K. No. 44 (Registered

Trade Rtark)
Gives you a feeling of real comforc § |

and the assurance of perfect protection an g oO

while exercising.
- Opening beneath Patent flap

(PATENTED JUNE 23, 1914 AND DECEMBER 22,1914)

Madeof wood, enameied and finished in brilliant colors. Packed

Small amount of material between thighs in neat, compact box, in White, red head: White, ‘yellow and
| green mottled back; Yellow, red head; Yellow, red and green mot-
Perfect pouch | tled back. Our “Radiant'’ Bait glows at night.

Write today Jf your dealer can’t supply you, send us his
for details name and $1.00 for sample, or $4 for complete
of $50.00 set of four assorted brilliant colors.

Gold Prize Dealers this proposition is big. Write for
Offer. special offer, giving your jobber’s name.

Welt-bound webbing

fan be cleaned by boiling without injury to rub

Fits perfectly Can’t rub or chafe. Fines

| guaite elastic webbing. Ask your dealer, and ii

will not supply you with MIZPAH JOCK NO. 44,
(ein 75c in stamps and waist measurement and S |

il send by mail. 5 | § U.S. Specialty Company, 9448 A.&K. Bldg., Syracuse, N-Y.

THE WALTER F. WARE CO., Dept. C., ot |

is

/

ic aeat ROD AND G

4

!

Under a watchful and modern forest ad- —

ministration, the whole period of abnormal
drought would have found every settler under a
prohibition to set out fires of any sort. There
was no such prohibition. Settlers’ fires were
started at the height of the danger season.
Hundreds of lives, entire towns, and incal-
culable amount of growing crops and timber
growth have been swept away and the whole
Claybelt seriously set back in its development.

The control of settlers’ clearing operations
is but one foundation stone in the modern
forest protective service, but had that be¢h
inaugurated by the Ontario Department
of Lands and Forests, the damage of the recent
bush fireSewould probably never have reached
its appalling proportions.

Before Fires Start.

A forest protection service is not supposed
to be able to fight and overcome forest con-
flagrations once they have started to swirl
‘across townships with the speed of.a tornado.

The real business of forest rangers and the
Governments responsible for them, is to
stop fires from starting. Ontario, particularly
in the Northern clay-belt section, now so
severely devastated, has practically no real
ranger patrol, carries on no preventive cam-
paign, and offers no opposition to the whole-
sale use of fire by settlers for stripping their
soil of free growth.

In the Spring of this year, the Canadian
Forestry Association through their Secretary,
met the Associated Boards of Trade of the
Temiskaming District at a meeting in Hailey-
bury and asked that joint action be taken to
stop the extravagant and dangerous burning
of the northern forest areas by settlers. Some
of the members of the Associated Boards
frankly opposed any interference, asserting
that many of the settlers favored free-run-
ning fires, and would not support such a
measure as was proposed. Other members
of the Board took a more favorable point of,
view, but no joint action was taken. /

Up to a few years ago it never occurred
to anybody to eat swordfish. It was ignored, or
caught only asa curiosity. Now great quan-
tities are sold in Boston and other New Eng-

land cities. It tastes much like catfish.

Many persons prefer-it to halibut. It has
become an important source of income to New
England fishermen. Yet it can seldom be
bought in fish markets outside of, New Eng-
land. There is “no demand for it,” fish
dealers say. The public simply doesn’t know
about it.

A far more general ignorance prevails re-
garding the goosefish, otherwise known as the
“devilfish.”” According to Dr. Hugh M.
Smith, of the United States Bureau of Fisher-
ies, the steaks of this fish are just as rich in
flesh-building material as sirloin steak. As
for taste, the goosefish is esteemed as a great
delicacy in Europe. North Sea trawlers can
never supply the demand in Germany, where
it brings four times as high a price as fresh
mackerel. In England 3,000 tons of goose-
fish are eaten every year. And yet there is

absolutely no market for it in America,

dozen chickens for breakfast, and six turkeys —

legislation to control settlers’ fires and also to”
2 lagen the entire forest protection service —
of the province. The reply of the Minister —
of Lands and Forests to these communicatior
was to the effect that the matter would be
considered. mn

What Ontario Needs. 7

The Ontario forest protection service stands

urgently in need of three main reforms, which,

year after year, have been urged upon the ~

Governments by the Canadian Fore

Association, the Commission of Conserva
and other bodies. .

1. Re-modelling of the ranger service so
as to give real protection to the forest wealth
of the province and supply a fair return in
service rendered for the money spent, thereon.
The Ontario system is recogmized generally as"
out-of-date and inefficient. ae.

2. The employment of inspectors in the
ratio of at least one inspector to ten rangers, —
so as to get the maximum degree of actual —
forest protection. Over an area of 10 million —
acres of timber lands under license, Ontario
has just eight supervisors, each being re- —
quired to manage, on an average, 36 men, a
task so impossible that often not more than
one flitting visit to the ranger on duty can be ©
paid in an entire season. An industrial —
workshop would show bankrupt results under
such loose inspection of workmen and the —
forest patrol suffers in no less degree. a

3. Sufficient rangers must be provided —
to competently patrol the Claybelt region, —
most of which is now under tree growth, and
these rangers must have authority to control —
the burning operations of settlers so that —
holocausts, such as that of recent date, shall —
have less opportunity to recur.

\

5

although it is very plentiful along the Atlantic
coast. A fisherman who happens to catch
one—and they ‘are easy to catch—throws it
back into the sea.

_ According to “‘Tit-bits” birds can eat and
digest from ten to thirty times as much food
in proportion to their size as men can. If
aman could eat as much in proportion to his ~
size as a sparrow is able to consume, he would
need a whole sheep for dinner, a couple of 4

for his evening meal. A tree sparrow has
been known to eat 700 grass seeds in.a day.
relative to the bird’s size, these seeds were
as big as an ordinary lunch basket would be ~
to a full-grown man. Be:
A bird’s strength is equally amazing. A
white-tailed eagle, weighing 12 pounds with
a wing-spread of 6 feet, has been known to
pounce on a pig weighing 42 pounds, raise i
a i a of 10 feet and fly off with it. ©
bird had covered a distance of half a_
before the pig’s owner succeeded in sh
the thief. ~ e

.
ee?

¥
Pe

v.

ets

Test the Ross .280
By Its Performance

Hundreds of hunters and guides
using the Ross .280 against the
most formidable American ‘game
have put it through most searching
tests. All our claims for this rifle
are borne out in its performance.
The Ross .280 record for extra-
ordinary shooting under difficult
circumstances, and for reliability,
accuracy and power under all
conditions is absolute proof of
its value.

= G
ge ae’ :
i
=e

Rha Rosa .303 Sporting Mddels are only slightly less powerful than the .280. Many of the
most experienced guides and sportsmen prefer this rifle on account of its lower price and
easily obtained ammunition.

The Ross .22 Cadet Rifle is sturdy and accurate, useful for target practice and hunting
The Ream, and uses the inexpensive .22 short, long or long rifle ammunition. Sells for $12

AT BEST DEALERS EVER YWHERE

ROSS RIFLECO. - - QUEBEC

pi

Ni 1 ih LOT ;
NENG a

‘ll | tb
py " |
|i) yay |D)

NIN

ch Mi Ne !

We invite any of our readers desiring information on doggie matters to send in their

queries to this department.
new registration requirements? Bi
requirements best? Is your dog ailing?

Are you buying a dog ; importing one ; do you understand the
Are you in doubt as to what breed of dog would suit your
Any breed you want information on, no matter

what it is you wish to know, we will try and satisfy you and to the novice we might say that

we may save you a lot of trouble.

GUN DOGS

general description of the different

types of dogs used in the pursuit ot
game with the shot gun. It is to be hoped
that readers of Rod and Gun who use the dogs
mentioned will come forth and give their
opinions as to which they find the most suit-
able dog with the object that the best all
round gun dog may be found.

Outside the aborigines’ husky dog the only
Canadian breed evolved that we know of is
the settlers’ collie-hound a cross between the
drover’s cattle dog and the hounds with in
some places a touch of spaniel. This has
produced a dog of about 45 lbs. weight with
short stiff black and tan coat, very quick on
his legs and clever in the chase. This dog
runs deer silently until close on when he
starts up an excited squeal which soon starts
the deer to water. As a partridge dog he is
more liberal with his tongue, keeping up an
excited yip when he trees the birds. This
sort of dog has been used in some districts
of our back country for 25 to 50 years until
the type has become pretty well set. In
build these dogs resemble the Labrador re-
triever and in disposition and action are like
the Airedale. They are only useful in the
district where they are bred, i.e in the back
country on deer and partridge.

If our Canadian settlers had used more
judgment and care in crossing suitable breeds
no doubt within the last 50 or 75 years they
could have evolved a good all round gun dog.
Occasionally such dogs have been more by
accident than design, produced but no care
has been taken in reproducing the type.
Of late years some of our hunters have tried
crossing the Airedale and hound to get a
better deer dog, and crossing the Airedale

Tse purpose of this article is to give a

426

and water spaniel to get a better duck dog.
The cross Chesapeake and Irish water spaniel ,
have been used for some years and found more
suitable on inland waters. For duck shooting
from hides in open and heavy water a large
powerful dog like the Chesapeake is prefer-
able but for snap shooting from a_ canoe in
creeks and ponds‘a small dog is best for a large
dog shakes the canoe too much and is too con-
spicuous.

Seme years ago one of the Scugog trappers
and shooters had a choice bred spaniel that was
a wonder at finding ducks but he would not
retrieve. This trapper however, did not
mind going after the duck so long as the dog
located where it lay. This dog was a black
and white long haired apple headed dog of
about 23 lbs. Since losing this dog this shoot-
er has been crossing a small cocker spaniel
and a small Irish water spaniel and now has
some good small sized duck dogs similar to the
Irish water spaniel and which will both locate
and retrieve duck.

In duck or partridge shooting larger bags
and more pleasure can be obtained by using
a trained dog and our city sports should own
such dogs and those who make their living
trapping and shooting should raise more of
such dogs and rent them out. However, I
suppose it is a matter of cost. There are few
who will give $50.00 for a reliable workin
dog and the river men won’t be bothere
breeding them when there are so many un-
reasonable dog laws. Thus the city sport is
forced to leave the best proportion of the ducks
he shoots to lie rotting in the marsh., In this
regard I might mention a comical occurrence
on the lower Scugog a few years ago. The
above mentioned shooter with the little dog —
was so well entertained (purposely) by some

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‘ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

ou can shave

in comfort any willl

ee

Put a tube of Mennen’s Shaving Cream in your grip before you start.
Then you can shave quickly and comfortably on the train or anywhere
else and have a cool, smooth, refreshed face that will send you on your

Way rejoicing.

You can shave anywhere without worrying
about water conditions, be they hard or soft,
hot or cold.

Mennen’s Shaving Cream requires no mussy
“‘rubbing in’’ with the fingers and contains no
free caustic. Hence, it saves both time and tor-
ture. You can shave in half your usual shaving
time and need no lotion or other ‘‘soothers’’
and suffer no painful after-effects.

Apply Mennen’s Shaving Cream and note
how the thick, creamy lather softens the beard
instantly so that even a razor that is slightly

dull cuts easily and smoothly without pulling.
ennen’s Shaving Cream is put up in sani-
tary, airtight tubes with handy hexagon screw

tops. Mere words cannot describe its wonder-
fully soothing qualities. To know, you must
try it.

Send 10c for a medium sized tube: also a
trialcan of Mennen’s Talcum for Men—free.
Delightful for after shaving. Address—
Sales Agents for Canada, Harold F. Ritchie
& Co., Lid., 10A McCaul Si., Toronto;
Canadian Laboratories, Montreal, Quebec.

MENNEN'S SHAVING CREAM

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ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

Courtesy of “Outing”

CROSS CHESAPEAKE AND IRISH WATER SPANIEL RESEMBLING MUCH THE CURLY
COATED RETRIEVER OF ENGLAND.

city sports that he was unable to leave his
camp on the opening morning, the 1st of Sept-
ember, but he turned the tables on his en-
tertainers by going out alone in the afternoon
with his dog through the marsh and gathering
up some 15 or 20 birds without firing more
than a couple of shots, the dog locating the lost
birds of the morning shoot.

Although it is possible to make a fair bag
without the aid of a dog there is no doubt that
considerably more game comes to hand if oue
is accompanied by a well trained canine
assistant. The all round shooter’s dog should
be a fair all round performer, as his owner will
depend on him to hunt for, find and retrieve
both fur and feather. For the sportsman who
cannot afford to specialize in gun dogs for each
sort of game some breed of spaniel or spaniel
and collie-hound will be found very useful,but

the coming all round hunting dog is the Aire-
dale. This breed is just as popular in town as
a pal and house dog as he is in the woods or
water after game and besides he is thorough-
bred. The Airedale is quick and intelligent
and will hunt anything from a mouse to a bear
and is especially fond of hunting about the
water and marsh. In the western moun-
tains these dogs are the most popular to-day
while in the prairie country they are being
used much for duck and chicken shooting.
Here in the east they are not used for hunting
as much as ‘they should be, breeders so far
simply raising them to supply the demand for
them as.the most popular pal dog and some
breeders who go in for them as show dogs,
but breeders of show stock will yet have to use
their dogs hunting or their best qualities will
be lost. English breeders of show dogs of the

Courtesy of ‘‘Outing”’

CHESAPEAKES, SHOWING THE OBSERVING EYE OF THE IRISH WATER SPANIEL

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

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Tool a Sperts- =
man Ever Carried”

MARBLE'S

SAFETY AXE

If you go camping, fishing, hunting or trapping, or travel

much in the woods you ought to have a Marble Safety Axe.

Without experience you cannot realize what a handy, valuable

toolitis. The axe is practical, perfectly balanced, tough and keen

—capable of withstanding the severest usage, yet can easily be carried

in pocket or belt. It serves all the purposes of axe, hatchet and ham-

mer. A perfect axe for setting a tent, blazing a trail. or cutting gambrel
sticks ora pole for carrying a big buck. A stream can be bridged—a raft
easily constructed. With it the fisherman can quickly release his hook from
asnag. Caught far from camp at nightfall, the hunter can quickly provide
himself with firewood and a bed of boughs. Several men have informed us of
how the Safety Axe saved their lives on’similar occasions. ‘

Marble Safety Axes are quality tools. They are but 11 or 12 inches long and
weigh only 16to270z. Nickel plated spring hinged guard is lined with lead and folds
into handle. Blade of tool steel, carefully tempered and sharpened. Metal handles are
drop-forged and will never break. Side plates are of rubber. Woeden handles are of
selected hickory and have nickel plated steel guard and lining—for groove in handle.

PRICE With Wood Handle $1.50. With Steel Handle $2.50 and $3.00.

For sale by dealers everywhere. Orders filled direct where we have no dealer. Write for catalog No. 18 showing entire line.

READY FOR WORK
Metal Guard folds into
Handle when Axe is in use

Like Marble’s Safety Axes, Marble Knives are known
the world over. Quality is the feature that has made them
popular with men who 4now. Every Marble knife is made
from the finest cutlery steel, and utmost care is taken in
tempering and testing. Handles of leather or genuine
stag—put on to stay on. No matter which one of the varied
assortment you may select, you will get the most perfect
knife that best materials, skill and ample facilities can
Produce. We fully guarantee each knife.

The “Ideal’’ and “Woodcraft” here illustrated are but
two of the many styles of Marble Hunting Knives. Write
for complete catalog No. 18 showing entire line,

THE IDEAL

The Ideai—the first knife designed by Mr. Marble. Its
quality, combination of excellent features and beauty of
design and finish, won for us a world-wide reputation as
makers of the highest quality of hunting knives. Bladeis
adapted to sticking and skinning. Oval-ground at back of
point for chopping bone. Handles are stag slabs or leather
discs with discs of red and black fibre and brass, driven
on the strong tangs and held by stag tip and flush nut.

Sent by mail, postpaid, at following prices, if not at
your dealers. Either style with or without hilt as desired.
Price includes sheath.

LEATHER HANDLE—5 in. blade $2.25; 6 in. $2.50; 7 in. $2.75; 8 in. $3.00.
STAG HANDLE —S5 in. blade $2.75; 6in. $3.00; 7 in. $3.25: 8 in. $3.50,

1.

is the biggest value ever offered in a hunting knife. The
Woodcraft embodies the ideas of many hunters and sey-
eral expert knife designers, It meets every need. Adap-
ted for Sticking, cleaning, skinning, slicing, chopping
bone, etc. High-grade steel—bevel blade thick at back,
tapering toa fine point. Blade 414 in.: leather handle 334
in.; weight 6 oz. Absolutely guaranteed. Price $1.50 ine
cluding sheath; with stag handle $2.00. At your dealer’s, or
direct by mail, postpaid, upon receipt of price.
144

Write

MARBLE ARMS & MFG. CO.
581 DeltaAve. Gladstone, Mich., U.S.A.

ROD AND

Courtesy of ‘‘Outing’’

CHESAPEAKE RETRIEVER; THIS TYPE IS SIMILAR TO THE ENGLISH BREED OF
LABRADOR RETRIEVER

different hunting breeds consider it essential
to work their dogs on the game they are bred
for, in order to properly develop their different
points. :
As with men so with dogs, there is no doubt
but that the one that is especially bred and
trained for generations for one particular
purpose is better at that than one that is
taught a little bit of everything and not much
of anything. So the man who can afford a
dog for each kind o1 shooting will find that for
deer and for hunting there is nothing to beat
the fox hound; for duck shooting the Irish
water spaniel.or Chesapeake or cross of the
two; for partridge shooting the cocker or
field spaniel or in open country the settler or
pointer, where there is much woodland or
dense undergrowth in hillside gullies and the
like,’setters and pointers will hardly fill the
bill to the best advantage. In such country
game find easy concealment and it requires
3 dog which will work his way through and
put the game up. Our choice then rests
between the spaniels and terriers. A quiet
dog is infinitely preferable to a noisy one for
the latter is apt to disturb much of the game
by his constant yapping thus scaring many
birds away before the shooter can thoroughly
cover the ground. A well trained partridge
dog should hunt quietly so that his sudden
appearance amongst the birds will startle
the whole covey at once for a tree. The dog
then sets up a constant barking about the

Canadian National Exhibition.

All readers ot Rod and Gun whether they
fancy dogs or not should visit the dogs’ show
building at the C. N. E. where the greatest
exhibition of dogs and cats in the Dominion
will be held on Sept. 4 5,6 and 7. Our deer,

tree thus holding the birds until the shooter
arrives.

In open country the most artistic and
scientific shooting to be had ‘s obtained with
pointers and setters: It is truly wonderful
the way they work but it requires a lot of
training to doitright. And this is true of any
breed, to do their work right they require
a certain amount of training.

Hounds know but one thing and that is
running on a trail but to work a trail right they
have to be “teached’? as an oldfox hunter
says, by being run with experienced dogs.

Besides the Airedale terrier the Irish and
Fox terrier are capable ot doing really good
work. They are excitable and somewhat
difficult to control at first and are apt to tear
up the game but when properly broken they
are keen after feather and fur.

In England retrievers, flat and curly coated,
and the Labrador are very popular for general
shooting. The latter ought to be a very
suitable dog in this country.

From what has already been written the
reader will doubtless understand that it is not
exactly easy to make any definite statement
as to which is the best breed of dog for general
shooting. So much depends on the nature of
the country one lives in and the variety of
game. In the writer’s opinion the Airedale
is the best all round sporting dog and for
second choice he prefers a powertul and active
dog of the spaniel breed. ;

fox and rabbit hunters will see some of the
best in hounds and in Airedales, the new dog
in the hunting pack. Those who make the ~
feathers fly can see the different varieties in
bird dogs, pointers, setters, spaniels, etc. and
for your wives and children take them around

Ve Out it

Camping

There are several excellent Canoe —
Trips in Ontario, of which we
can furnish serviceable charts, as
well as providing the provisions, {i}
=a Tents, Utensils, Blankets and . ff

General Outfit» ‘

Beebished For upwards of a quarter of a :
century, it has been a special Nk
1835. feature of our business to outfit ie
} Camping Parties, and we know Be
| : the requirements thoroughly arid E
invite inquiries. 4
MICHIE & CO., Limited a
7 King Street, W. - Toronto, Canada || —

CLARK'S. @

CAMP SPECIALTIES

Need No Eulogism — You Know Them

Corned & Roast Beef Peanut Butter
Cambridge Sausage Tomato Ketchup
Lunch Ham Spaghetti with
Lunch Tongue Tomato Sauce and
Ox Tongues Cheese

Jellied Hecks Fluid Beef Cordial

CLARK’S CELEBRATED
PORK and BEANS

Your Camp Outfit is incomplete
Without Them.

CLARK, LIMITED, MONTRE

Sti” Song : Pubs t oi a : 4 De ves ‘ Sag
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tee Pog i Pe ae 1 A) eS Seeing nae 3 nae “gis a
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Cocker Spaniels, Collies, Old English Sheep
Dogs, Boston Terriers, White West eg oe nie
ietv Classes

Terriers, Miscellaneous Class, Vari

to see the great big dogs—Danes, St. Ber-
_nards, etc., and the wee little toys which you
could put in your pocket (but don’t do it if

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anyone is looking.) A, and B. é eae
“s The dates ot the dog show. at the Western James Lynn, Port Huron, Mich.—A:redale — ?
©. Fair, 3 hey Ont. are Sept. 12 to 15th. Terriers, Variety Class C. <a
x The Gates of the dog show at the Central Clair Foster, North Egremont, Mass.—Bull
Canada Exhibition, Ottawa are Sept.12to15. Terriers.

These shows are held under C. K.C. rules
so that thé winnings count so many points
towards championship honors.

The following are to be the judges at the
Canadian National Exhibition, Dog Show, to
be held Sept. 4, 5, 6 and 7th.

Dr. J. E. DeMund, Brooklyn, N. Y.—

Mastiffs, St. Bernards, Bloodhounds, Great
Danes,. Russian Wolfhounds Greyhounds,
Foxhounds, Pointers, Setters, Irish Water

Spaniels, Field Spaniels, Clumber Spaniels,

PROPOSED TREATY TO LIMIT SHOOTING

A. McLure Halley, New York N. Y.—
Dalmatians, Poodles, Bulldogs, French Bull-
dogs, Bedlington Terriers, Manchester -Ter-
riers, Beagles, Whippets, Dashshunde, Pugs,
Italian Greyhounds, Pomeranians, Toy Pood-
les, English Toy Spaniels, Japanese Spaniels,
Yorkshire Terriers, Toy Terriers, Pekingese,
Maltese Terriers and Grifions. a

James Lindsay, Montreal, Que.—TIrish
Terriers, Fox Terriers, Scottish Terriers, Skye —
Terriers, Welsh Terriers, and Variety Class C. 5

SEASON

An unsuccessful effort to induce British
Columbia to join with other provinces of
Canada and enter into a treaty with the
United States to make stringent regulations
to protect migratory game birds for a period
of fifteen years, has been made by Dr. Hew-
itt, the zoologist connected with the Ottawa
Government.

The proposal to enter into treaty obliga-
- tions came from the United States, which
is meeting with strong opposition in cer-
tain quarters to the federal migratory birds
law which protects all insectivorous birds
and provides that the season for duck shoot-
ing all over the United States be limited to
three and a half months and that shooting
after the pairingseasonhas begun be prohibited.

In an effort to bring the dissenting states
into agreement with the new law, the pro-
posal has been made to induce the various
provinces of Canada to agree-to similar laws
and have all embodied into a treaty with
Great Britain covering a period of fifteen
years. Most, if not all, of the other pro-
vinces, are understood to have consented,
but the specially-favored climate of British
Columbia, which makes it the great game
preserve of America, make the proposals,
so far as British Columbia are concerned,
rather a one-sided sacrifice.

Among the minor objections which British
Columbia has had to offer is one granting
absolute-protection for ten years to robins.
Here they are very plentiful and are a pest
around the cherry trees and berry orchards.
Another objection is to a ten-year protec-
tion to band-tailed pigeons, which are de-
structive to farm crops. Another minor
objection is to a ten-year close season for
wood chucks, which at the time they are
first seen here in September can not be dis-
tinguished on the wing from other varieties
of ducks. A ten-year protection to swans
was also an obstacle, as- British Columbia
has just completed a ten-year protection
for swans, with the result that they are now
found all over the province.

Another objection is to a proposal to class
scooters or Siwash ducks and sawbill ducks
along with other sporting ducks under a

rigid three and a half months open season. —
The scooters are the small black ducks, thou-_
sands of which can be seen off Bowen Island.
The Indians are allowed to shoot them dur- —
ing the closed season as their food is not
esteemed by white men’s palates and it
relieves the Siwash of the craving to shoot
the sporting ducks. They are here in thou-—
sands. Objection to further protect the
sawbill duck is taken’on the ground that
the sawbills are numerous and are very
destructive in the trout streams.

The chief objection has come from the
proposal to limit the duck and geese season
for the ensuing fifteen years down to three —
and a half months. In practically every
other province and state in North America
the sportsmen have only one visitation of
ducks and geese and their season can easily
be comprised within three and a half months.
In British Columbia, however, from the big
breeding grounds in Northern British Co-
lumbia, Alaska and the Yukon, severat
successive flocks of geese and ducks come
and these can not be all compressed into
three and a half months. r

At the beginning of the goose season we
get the flights of the “honkers,”’-~the big
Canada wild goose. His season is over
within three and a half months, but after
his season is over we get the flights of the
black Brant and the white Wavys. To
limit the goose season in British Columbia
to three and a half months would mean
that we would have to give up either the
first or last of these flights.

Similarly in regard to ducks, the space”
between the flights of the local and the
northern ducks is so wide that the season
can not be compressed within the time sug-
gested in the treaty. Several sportsmen
point out that in the states and the prairie
provinces the normal season is only three
months or so, and that for British Columbia,
with her favored climate and situation, to
enter the proposed treaty would mean that
the sacrifice would be all on the part of Brit- —
ish Columbia. The flocks, it is said, would —
continue on their way south and would help —
the shooting prospects of our neighbors.

hi wottan who

sitnply orders ‘coftee’
deserves ——, ——

whatever she ets

The woman

who orders

Se

WN)
SOOM Awe

G,,, © ROASTED A PACKED fay 2
HASE on DANBORN Ka

deserves-

theBest ¢ gets it.

in 4,1 and 2 pound cans.

also Fine Ground for Perco-~
lators,. 168

Whole— ground—pulverized— ]

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA os
ae

An Angry

ONE RUN T SRN CHL EE ST AS CRE DEL AEC HE TTP PA) ST N14 CR RR MR PH ZA A A AE AE

Bull Moose

Ferociously Charged

Theodore Roosevelt

near Quebec,last hunting season.

How the Colonel killed the
Bull in self defence, after having
previously obtained his legal
limit of Moose, is told by him in
the February 1916 ‘Scribner’,
and by sworn affidavit atiQuebec.

Caribou and Deer

are abundant in parts of Quebec
Province, as well as moose and
bear.

THE BEST TROUT FISHING

in the world is in the Province of Que-
bec, and so are the best Guides both for
fishing and hunting. Read Henry van
Dyke’s description of some of them in
“Little Rivers.”

Would you like to own

A Summer Camp

for your family, by a forest-clad stream
or mountain-surrounded lake?

You can build one of your own, by leas-
ing a fishing and hunting territory from
the Government of the Province,
whether a resident of it or not, or by
joining one of the many fish and game
clubs.

Write for an illustrated booklet on
“The Fish and Game Clubs of Quebec,”’
which tells you all about them, and ad-
dress all enquiries concerning fishing
and hunting rights, fish and game laws,
guides, etc., to

Hon. Honoré Mercier,

Minister of Colonization,
Mines and Fisheries.

Quebec, Que.

CRD 0S A TA LM LV A141 CRP CC RMR) CARA 1 111A 3111 CN CORA 111111 CESSES PC AL

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A Reply to Mr. Partik’s Letter in our June

Issue.

Editor, ROD ANG GUN—
Although not a subscriber to your

magazine I. am ~a_ constant reader of
Rod and Gun. I would like to reply
to Mr. C. R. Partik’s letter in the June issue,
page 27.

I had once the pleasure of camping in
the Laurentian Mountains, and also at one
time lived on Lagauchetiere Street, Montreal,
and have friends in Montreal, with whom
I went, (in company with the late Mr. W.
Mewhart, the first mayor of Ste. Anne de
Bellevue, P. Q., who captured the largest
muscallonge of the season of 1890, weighing
forty-eight pounds), two miles from the
house in which More wrote the poem; (so
familiar, because of its inclusion, in the old
Ontario School Reader: “‘Row, Brothers,
Row; The Stream Runs Fast,’ etc. And
I have also had some very intimate friends
among the Roman Catholic clergy, although
I was at no time, (nor as far as I know, were
any of my ancestors) attracted to their ‘faith.

In Quebec, I regret to say, the same system
of education, is not as easily available as
in Ontario. I do not wish ‘to start a dis-
cussion either in politics or in religion. I
have bowled with Sir Wilfrid Laurier, on
the shore of the.Lake of the Two Mountains,
and was at one time well acquainted with
Sir George Foster. I found them both
men who wished every perfect thing for the
welfare of Canada, as the greatest gain for
Christianity, and for the Empire.

If Mr. Partik will read the late Rev. Sr Ge
Kendall’s work published in. 1885, “Among
the Laurentians’ (now out of print), copies
of which are in the Fraser Free Library in
Montreal, (the Fraser Free Library was a
bequest to the City of Montreal practically
a reference library and the doors are never
closed) he will find that the French Can-
adians, are a most lovable people, and as a
class are true sportsmen, and while we find
the highest intellects and the most courtly
gentlemen among the descendants of Quebec,
we yet find among them clergymen who
know practically nothing of game laws.

To quote the Rev. Mr. Kendall, “A true
sportsman is a man whose whole soul is so in
harmony with Nature, that-he finds his chief
delight in forest and mountains and draws
an unusual pleasure from the contemplation
of not only the mightiest but the humblest
works of God. Such a love of nature and
of the works of God will prevent anyone
from being really unhappy.”

It is unfortunate that the rural priests of
Quebec, and the rural schools are so in-

adequate to the needs of Canada, but in -
Oxford County, the home of ‘Rod and Gun,’
the finest county in Canada, where every
rural school has the opportunity to have
illustrated diagrams, showing the birds, that
should be protected, there is very little oppor-
tunity given to the teachers to instruct
their pupils along these lines and J have seen
boys brought up in good families shootin a
Bob-whites, woodpeckers, sapsuckers,

even robins, not always for sport, but ai
ing they were benefitting the community.

It would be better, # think, if Mr. Partik
would try and influence the Legislature of
Quebec to introduce proper instruction into
the schools (and into the churches) and to
see that proper game wardens were placed
all through the mountains, rather than
make deprecatory remarks about the rural
clergy of Quebec remembering that Canada
owes a very deep and abiding debt to the
early settlers of Quebec. And Great Britain
has reason to be very proud of Canada’s
French Canadians, but the chief difficulty
in Canada is to secure “to have and to hold”
a universal system of education, so that all
the youth of Canada will have the same
thing, at the same time.

“Mr. Partik will find in Montreal Quebec,
Sherbrooke and also in the lower Provinces,
many eminent citizens, who have no desire
to enter politics as a profession who would
like to conserve all the resources of the
Province and Quebec, and who know and
appreciate the true, simple nature of the
habitant, but who know that some of the
clergy think that a liberal education, dis—
satisfies them and teaches them wants be-
yond their means, instead of teaching them
“to discern the evils that energy can remove
and the evils that patience must bear.”

The present proposal in our Ontario Parlia-
ment for a complete chart of the fish of the
lakes is more commercial than educational.

We must not rob our boys of the romance
of fishing with bent pins or proper hooks.
and try to remember.

“There are days when the fish won’t bite;

It’s either too calm or else it’s too rough;

It’s either too warm, or not warm enough;

The wind the wrong way or the moon’s
not right, etc., etc.”

And in spite of all game protection in
Ontario, very efficient game wardens and an
earnest endeavor on the part of the Govern-
ment, game laws are often broken as inno-
cently as other laws are.

It is only two weeks ago that I happened
to see on Cedar Creek just South of Wood-
stock, a former member of the Woodstock

434

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA Se een 435”

+ a
ay.

HE boys at the fac-
| tory took the first
Hatch One-Button
Union Suits we turned
out. They knew what
ten buttons meant in the
early a.m. when they had
to punch the time clock.
They.say some genius
should invent a one-
button vest too. The
new Hatch One-Button
Union Suit is made in
true Zimmerknit quality.
That makes it complete.
The button is in front.

Your dealer keeps the
Zimmerknit Lines.

They say if the buttons
were not so conveniently
placed in front it would
cost more.

Hatch One-Button
Union Suits are made
in Zimmerknit quality.
That makes a pretty
good combination.

At camp you like to
dress in a- hurry. The
One-Button Hatch may
mean an extra fish.

~ ZIMMERKNIT

ZIMMERMAN MANUFACTURING CO,, Limited
HAMILTON oe owe CANADA

eu
<0) MED

ee

o4

Se ee ey cone
“436

Fish Club catch a three inch trout that
a small boy was trying to hook.

In conclusion, I would like to say to Mr.
Partik, that in Northern Ontario, we have
a great many visitors from ‘‘across the line”’
who Stbuse our game laws, strict as they are.
And I was not staggered by his remark about
feeding fish to pigs, for only a short time ago
I was offered what was considered a good
commercial proposition, to go to one of the
neighboring States, and enter a_ poultry
enterprize where fish could be caught by
illegal means and supply all their meat ra-
tion regardless of their effect in the flavor
of eggs, as all the eggs would be shipped
to a different State.

I trust Mr. Partik and all who have read
his extremely interesting article will try
and influence their provincial government
to give the same instruction in matters of
conservation as was given in some of the
European countries where conservation, be-
fore the war, was brought to a high state
of perfection.

Woodstock, Ont. C. T. Midgly.
Mrs. Delaney’s Cat
Editor, ROD AND GUN:—

Being a reader of Rod and Gun I thought
I would like to relate a little incident that
happened to me in 1890.

Receiving a letter from a friend of mine
on a certain homestead section I set out for
this in company with a man named Smith,
a weak kneed spineless creature with no
initiative whatever. On our way to the
homestead of my friend our grub gave out.
For our breakfast we had only one biscuit
and a piece of bacon. Smith was greatly
worried for we were miles from any place
where we could renew our provisions and in
what was practically a desert. I consulted
my map and pulled out the letter I had re-
ceived from my friend, George Anderson. On
looking up his location I found that we were
about fourteen miles from his cabin. I
braced Smith up and we started on the four-
- teen mile trip. Anderson’s shack we at last
found. It was practically a sod house with a
log front with two small panes of glass, one of

hich was broken, in a frame forming a win-
dow. The door was locked but looking
Eeoush the broken window we found there
was plenty of cold biscuit and other eatables
“on a small table inside. I reached in and
unfastened the catch and crawled through the
opening, then unfastened the inside catch
‘on the door and Smith and I then pro-
ceeded to get dinner as we were about famish-
‘ed. We built a fire and made coffee. All at
once, when the little stove got hot, I smelled
a delicious odor coming from the oven. I
opened the door and found there was a pan
inside with about the nicest looking baked
young rabbit I had ever seen, swimming about
in a pan ot grease. The way. we picked the
bones of that little beast was a wonder.
Smith seemed to have a special liking for the
Sravy and took it in preference to the molas-
ses, (of which there was an abundant supply),
with his biscuits. After dinner we closed up
the cabin and set out to find Anderson which
we were successful in doing, he being engaged
in splitting fence posts about a mile away.

“ROD AND GUN I

>

peat eeeh el igen
AD& Sa a
De ot ful
He invited us up to his house not knowing we \
had already feasted on his delicacies. I gave

Smith the wink and helped carry out the joke.
When we got to the cabin he told me to make
a fire while he got a fresh bucket of water.

When he came back I had a roaring fire.
Suddenly his eyes fell upon the open oven
door. bide Ay ps he gave his big mongrel
dog a rousing kick. The dog let out a yelp
and started for the tall grass. Anderson
prabbet his shot-gun and fired two loads at
1im as he disappeared. ,

““What’s the matter, Anderson?” I asked.

“Matter,” he spluttered. “‘Say, last week
that blamed dog broke that window and
crawled in and ate up my last ham and now
the blamed cur has sneaked back and eaten
up that cat which Mrs. Delaney gave me.
She told me to kill and skin the cat and roast
out the fat in the oven and the grease from it
would heal up the gall spots on my old mare’s
back. That dog is the pester of my life.”

I looked up at Smith. He had turned a
sickly white and was going out the door. In
a few minutes I heard him back of the cabin.
He was indeed a sick man. Anderson asked
me what the matter was. I told him we did
not have anything but rabbit for dinner and I

~ guessed it had made him a little squeamish.

I kept down my portion of rabbit and it was
not until the next year that I told Anderson
the joke. Smith in the meantime had gone
away to California and Anderson told me he
had buried the dog in revenge for his part in
digesting the cat.

Cannot some other old timers send us in a ~

few yarns for Our Letter Box department?
Yours sincerely,
Collingwood, Ont. W. H. Travis.
A Plea For Better Protection of Alberta’s
: Game Birds.
Editor, ROD AND GUN:—

Being a reader of Rod and Gun for some
years I have decided to write a little about
the protection of our game birds.

The duck season opened in Alberta for
the last two years on September 1st, although
in the writer’s opinion that is too early as the
young ducklings cannot fly at that time
not more than two thirds the height they
can later on and so fall an easy prey for
the hunter’s dog and gun. In many cases
a man with a dog can go around a slough or
lake and pick up young ducks without using
a gun. The duck season should not open
until September ¥5th in the writer’s opinion
or better still October 15th. Protect our
ducks while we have any left to protect.
In the year 1903 they were here in millions.
I have seen the ducks settle down on a barley
field and cover an area of fifteen acres on
our farm. When they flew away it sounded
like the rolling of thunder and looked like
a black cloud. Where are they now? In

laces where years ago thousands could

e seen now we see dozens only. The only
remedies, it would seem, would be to shorten
the season, stop market hunting and kill
the crows.

The crow is one of our worst game destroy-
ers. Crows eat and destroy one-third of all
the duck eggs that are laid. In going through
my fields I found six ducks’ nests and plough-

oh GO Mt

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WRITE FOR FREE COPY
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Who will also furnish information with regard
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which offers splendid opportunities for fishing, hunting, and
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in raided by crows, the crow being caught in

’ y ‘ :
ed around them in order not to disturb the
eggs, but every one of these nests was later

the act each time as'I was working in the
figld nearby. Crows feed all summer on
eggs of young duck, chickens and partridge
and sometimes on the farmer’s small chickens.
In the fall they feed off the farmer’s grain
field. A bounty placed on crows would do
a world of good and would save thousands
of ducks for the sportsmen every fall. I
shoot the crows every chance I get.

Prairie chicken and partridge also have
decreased at an alarming rate. Three years
ago they were quite plentiful but- now there
are only a few left and nothing but a close
season will prevent them from being killed
off completely. Bad weather in hatching
time and a lot of killing as soon as the duck
season opens every year contribute to this
decrease. Chickens being too tame and too
young to get out of the way are practically
all butchered by game hogs who don’t care
about close seasons and who feel secure from
molestation by game wardens because of the
fact that the duck season is on and duck
shooting is going on in every direction.

Crows, owls, grey ground squirrels and
other creatures take their share of the chickens

' every year as well.

I have a flock of ducks staying in a small
pond in. my pasture field. They are mostly
Pintails though there are some Spoonbills,
Teal and Mallard. These ducks are quite

_ tame and I can walk up sometimes to within

ten or twenty feet and watch them feed. It
is very nice having them so near by and
so unafraid.

Yours truly,
Wetaskiwin, Alta. John A. Johnson.

Unhappy Captives.

_ Editor, ROD AND GUN:—

I have.lately been looking at a couple of red
_ deer held in captivity on a small piece of
ground that offers them no variety of food,
and no food at all such as they live on in their
native woods. These deer were in even worse
condition than I expected to find them, and I

___ expected to find them pretty bad.

_ I have never seen deer in captivity in this
_ country, where they had no opportunity of
_ visiting the wild wood, that were healthy or
happy, and such deer do not live long.

My own idea of the matter is this. The red
deer of America is one of the few animals that
do not possess a gall. In their natural state
they secure the thing that nature provides to
keep their physical balance without the gall.
In captivity they cannot secure this, and they
suffer and die.

In renewing his subscription to Rod and
Gun to December 1917 Sergt. Wm. Deuchars
of the 4th Battalion, O.S. Pioneers, C. F. E.,
St. Andrews, N. B. writes as follows: ‘‘There
are men in traiming at St. Andrews from
Hudson’s Bay, trappers from the McKenzie
River and from the Pacific Coast, cow punch-
ers from Montana and men from Edmonton
who have followed the call of the wild for a
number of years but have now forsaken the

drs

¥
a, pe

I do not know what this weed, bus
grass is. It may be the clay or soil they
their natural salt licks. do not know of ~—
anyone who does know what it is. But we |
should find out and provide it for our tame ~
deer, or stop shutting up these poor creatures
and killing them by slow torture. ~— ”

It may be that some of your readers can a
give valuable information in this connection.

E. J. McVeigh.

Montreal, P.Q.

A Waterproofing Process. a ,
Editor, ROD AND GUN. a4
You will oblige me very much by giving —
a waterproofing process for 8 oz. duck. a

Yours truly,
G. H. Hale.

|

Ans.—The following recipe for water- — 4 .
proofing is taken from “The Book of Camp- —
ing and Woodcraft” by Kephart:

Dissolve half pound alum in four gallons —
of boiling ‘rain water. It is essential that —
soft water be used. Similarly in a separate —
vessel dissolve half pound of sugar of lead
(lead acetate) in four gallons of water. This
is double the proportion of alum_ usually
recommended, and better results will follow
from it because it ensures the precipitation —
of all the lead in the form of sulphate. Let.
the solutions stand until clear; then pour
the alum ltiquor into a clean vessel and add
the sugar of lead solution. Let it stand a
few hours. Then pour off the clear liquor,
thoroughly work the fabric in it so that
every part is quite penetrated, squeeze out,
stretch and dry. Remember that sugar of
lead is poisonous if taken internally.

Winnipeg, Man-

Patching Rubber Boots.

Editor, ROD AND GUN.
In your July issue, page 165, I notice a
uestion asked by a Mr. G Raynor re
fhe patching of rubber boots. I have tried
many metbods and find Tight-wad, such
as is used for repairing automobile inner
tubes to be the most effective. Clean with
gasoline, then rub briskly with fine sand
paper. Put on a coating of rubber cement
allowing this to dry for a few minutes, then
work in your Tight-wad and when this comes _
in contact with water it will get hard to a
certain extent but I guarantee it will i a
the water out and if properly put on will ~
never come off. My
Sincerely yours,

Pt. Colborne, Ont. F. E. Reavley.

tump line for the call of their country. These
men are usually the quietest and™=best be-
haved and most able men of the bunch and
there is not a doubt but that their experience
in the wilds will stand them in good stead
when the hour of their trial comes. a
“This is a Food country for all kinds of
hunting and fishing and, as you know,
favorite summer resort for Canadian :
American tourists.”’

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

Griswold |

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DETROIT, MICH,

Fred Postal, Pres. - Chas. L. Postal, Sec’y.

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The Distinctive Boston House

A public house for those who demand the best
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Single rooms from $2. Combined sitting
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North St., at Delaware Ave.
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BUFFALO’S LEADING TOURIST HOTEL
Hotel Lenox is modern, fireproof and beautifully locat-
It is popular with tourists because of its fair rates,
courteous treatment and complete equipment. The
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EUROPEAN PLAN
$1.50 per day and up.

SPECIAL WEEKLY AND MONTHLY RATES
Write eenpliment “Guide of Buffalo and Niag-
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C. A. MINER, Manager.

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e

> ; TOURNAMENT DATES

Aug. 29, 30, 31; Sept. 1, 2. International Trapshoot-

~ ing Tournament, Exhibition Park, Toronto,
Canada.

oy Official Scores of Canadian Indian Tournament.
' _ $ince our last issue we have received irom head-
uarters the Official Scores of the Canadian Indian
ournament, held at Brant Park Hotel, Burlington,
Ont. June 29, 30 and July 1, 1916, which we publish
for the use of those of our readers who wish to preserve

_ these scores.

¥ FOX TROPHY, 20 gauge gun.
aa 20 pair of doubles

7 hes. G. Vance, (winner)
J. R. Serson

ELF. W. Salisbury

>. Wakefield

Et. Lennox...

8g Ely.
.P. Thompson.

NE. Houghton
*. Mathews...

vR, Rolph..
SG. Tuckett...

LE. SUTRIRE UT 1) ad a aN, eRe Sara ie
Choate.

TRIBE oe
e E. Houghton... ‘ i Cote

E.
W. T. Ely
eee
R. Rolph
A. Tuckett
E. Craig
Wakefield
fms Piehest ort cio sauna
F. W. Salisbury
r. Jordan

c
A.
124
WwW

E.
D

J. Jennings...

W. 2 Ely

W.P. Thompson
a & ‘Vance

Cg OF Houghton
#G. M. Dunk
Salisbury

W. Hughes
Dr. Geo. G. Jordan (Winner)

J.H. Trimble

Winners of Special Trophies.
First rs June 29, 1916.
1 Wied. Blyzi2 Geoe Tuckett; 3, G. Beattie; 4, P
Wakefield: 5, N. Long; 6, J. Summerhaeys; 7, "w-
Thomson; 8, E. Sturt; 9, K. Turnbull: LOG Honea

; Second Day, June 30, 1916.

1, M. Goodale; 2, A. Lennox; 3, F. Watson; 4,
Fletcher: 5, T. Hogarth; 6, E. F. W. Salisbury; 7, Eee
Choate: 8, C. A. Lewis: 9, 5B: Jordan: 10, S. Vance.

Third Day, July 1, 1916 ~
iJ Payne, 25: Jennings; 3 Ee Taylor; 4, Ward >
5, Dr. Serson; 6, “McCance; , Geo. Viviah; 8, Harris;
9, Dillion; 10, F. Mathews.
FIVE MAN TEAM RACES

Hamilton No. 1.

Lennox..S30 eae ee
Cnomesen

Stanley No. 1.
Salisbunyss sae tee ee eee wsenbessebssaniinanten

Wakefield..
Jennings

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The Original
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EAMES UND. ocd ccesece aaexvavevsceasqiseasensvorassgbeldad csattneevands 16
eeengtinm:., 2:
Hughes..............

Nelson Long.

Toronto Cup.

Nelson Long of Hamilton whose cut appears in
this issue of Rod and Gun won the High Aggregate tor
three days with 432 x 450 at the Indian shoot held at
Burlington Beach. He also won the Jennings Special
Double Event on June 30th with 49 x 50. For win-
ning the Grand Aggregate he also got the Toronto cup.
On July 4th Mr. Long went to the Sandwich shoot and
was successful in winning the Lou Youngblood Handi-
cap with 50 x 50 from 22 yards and got the Ithaca gun
for winning. Mr. Long further won a gold bar for his
fob for shooting Dupont powder, breaking 66 straight
at the Indian shoot.

Banff Gun Club \ \

The Banff Gun Club, recently formed in the Capital
of the ag Mountains, is the only organization of
its kind in the 1800 age e miles comprising Canada’s
principal National Park. The Club has secured ground
recently reclaimed by prisoners of war adjoining the
Recreation Grounds, which is claimed to be excellent
for the purpose. \

The ee was formerly opened on the Ist inst.,
by Mr. W. W. Cory, C. M. G., Deputy Minister of the
Interior, Ottawa, who is spending a vacation in the
mountains, he, unfortunately only having time to fire
one shot, with which, however, he killed a bird. Among
the shots present were J. B. Harkin, Commissioner of
Dominion Parks, Ottawa, and well known in eastern
Gun Club circles, Hon. president; S. J. Clarke, an old-
timer in the west and Superintenaent ot the Park,
President; L. C. Orr, another well-known western gun
club man, Secretary-treasurer; and Messrs. Luxton,
soe Gordon; Howard Sibbald, Chief Game Warden
of the Park; and Dave McDougall. ;

The Club which started under happy auspices ex-
tends hearty invitations to all visitors to the Park, and
looks forward to supplying yet another attraction to the
many natural and man-manufactured attractions in
the Rockies. c \

The opening shoot at which the scoring was good
was in the nature of a friendly competition,

_Trapshooting in Amusement’ Parks.

The idea of having trapshooting schools at resorts is
proving a success in the United States. There are
now two prominent schools, one at Venice, California,
an amusement place near Los Angeles, and another on
Young’s Million Dollar Pier, Atlantic City, N. Y.

The gallery of the Venice school is located at the end
of a pier and is probably 50 yards long. At the farther
end of it, is set up a high wooden shot stop about 20
feet high. An old fish net slopes down from its top to
the floor of the pier at a gentle incline to catch the clay
birds which are unhit.

The school at Atlantic City is fully equipped, and
consists of one Ideal Leggett and one Western McCrea
automatic trap, standard targets are used and twent

auge guns of practically every make are on hand.
he targets are thrown about forty yards and the
Atlantic Ocean is the background.

Such schools proyide a place where the thousands
and thousands of gun sports can engage in their favorite
sport while on a leisure trip. Then, also it is place
where one can be taught the proper care and use or
firearms as well as how to shoot.

Minaki Gun Club Organized.

The organization of the Minaki, Man., Gun Club was
recently completed and the following officers elected:
Pres. H. N. Tucker; Vice-Pres. Fred J. Weed; Secretary
S. 1. St. John. It was decided to hold the first big
event in the form of a tournament on August 5th, the
prosramme to comprise eight matches, including the

ominion cup and medal, Noble’s long run trophy and
the M:naki Inn cup, campers only to be eligible for the
last mentioned competition.

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA ns

ta ot ae ee CRT ae

_. TRAPSHOOTING NOTES

John Philip Sousa, the band leader, is an enthusiastic
trapshooter. When asked his opinion on women tak-
ing ey the sport, he said: y
_ “Women are finding trapshooting even more en-
joyable than golf, tennis and the other games the

now
play. In the shotgun game she is not classified as a
woman. She is not segregated from the men. She

meets men shooters on an equal footing, and there is —
nothing that pleases her more than to beat her lord \
and master at his own game. Indeed, women have so
far advanced in trapshooting that they will be per-
mitted to enter the Grand American Handicap this
year.

“Shooting makes a woman agile and alert. I have
shot at the traps with many women and never have I
seen an ungraceful one who used a shotgun well.”’

In the last six months trapshooting clubs have become
organized on a more permanent basis than ever before
due largely to the systematic campaign carried on by
the American Amateur Trapshooter’s Association in
entirely every state and Canada.
nation-wide organization the national Association
has been able to reach many clubs which have lo
resisted the efforts of the State Associations. In
states the number of clubs enrolled in the A. A. T. A.
exceeds the number affiliated with the State Associa-
tion by a wide margin. In ten states—Montana,
Kansas, Ohio, Washington, pene pe abama,
Louisiana, Nebraska, Rhode Island and South Caro-
lina—the State Associations lead in the number ot
clubs. In two—New Hampshire and Colorado—the
National and State Associations have been equally
successful. In the whole country 627 clubs are en-
rolled in the State Associations as against 929 in the
A. A. T. A. The Stanley Gun Club of Toronto, is one
of the best active clubs of the Association.

The hand trap is now to be found in set all
shooters’ equipment, and with any kind of care will last
many years. It is strongly constructed and while
simple, is practical and efficient. It is so compact that
one can carry it in a suit case or travelling bag.

—————E

NELSON LONG, HAMILTON

Military target shooting as it is conducted to-da
at the various U. S. Government and National Gaara
rifle ranges is really but a primary department for
shooting under realwar service conditions—not that
military target shooting is easy, for it is not. Itisa
mighty difficult proposition when wind and weather
conditions are against one, at the same time, compared
with the shooting conditions met with in actual war
there is a great difference, for objects shot at in war
are small, indistinct, and at unknown ranges, and of

course the soldiers,are usually under stress of great

excitement. It would be just as foolish, however, for —
a shooter to start in to practice under war conditions
without a thorough preliminary training in straight

By means of its

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443).

supervisory body for t

AY John Philip Sousa of New York, President;

target shooting as it would be for a ar student
to go to college without stopping a while at high school.
Mil itary targets are made of a — yellow or drab
color paper with a black bull’s eye.Target ‘‘A’’, which
is used at 200 and 300 yards, has an eight-inch
bull’s eye and for some matches an inner counting ring
of 7 inches. Shots hitting the bull’s-eye count five.
If the inner ring is used only shots striking in this ring
count five. There are two rings outside the bull’s-eye,
smaller 26 inches in diameter, counting four, and the
larger’ measuring 46 inches across, counting three.
Shots outside these rings count two. Target “B.” is
used at 500 and 600 yards. It is 6 feet high and 6 feet
wide. The black bull’s-eye is 20 inches in diameter
with a smaller inner counting ring of 16 inches. The
four ring on this target is 32 inches in diameter and the
three ring 53 inches in diameter. For real long range
shooting, that is at 800, 900 and 1,000 yards, target
“C” is used. This targetis 6 feet high and 10 feet
wide. The bull’s-eye is 36 inches in diameter, an inner
ring of 30 inches occasionally being used. he four
ring is 54 inches in diameter and the rest of the target
counts three, except a two-foot rectangular space at
each end of the target, which counts two. y
One of the first rules the beginner must learn thor-
oughly is always to keep the bolt of the rifle open unless
he is on the firing point and ready to fire. At military
encampments such as the annual meetings at Seagirt
and Jacksonville this rule is very carefully eniorced,
as of course accidental dischatges and mishaps cannot
- occur if the bolt is all the way back. 2S
Practically all slow fire military target shooting is
done in the prone position, the sling strap which is at-
tached to the rifle being used. The rules state that the
shooter must be prone, with head toward the target,
and there must be no support for the rifle from his left
elbow to the muzzle. The strap may be used in any
way desired, but it is against the rules to disconnect
stber end of it from the rifle. It is rather difficult to
escribe the proper prone position. The best way to
et it is to watch somebody who you know understands
ow to assume it. The first thing you will notice on
trying to copy him is that about ten shots from the
proper prone position will prove to you that military
rifle shooting is far from being a child’s game. A lot
of muscles are used which are ordinarily not called upon
to do much work, and at the end of the first day’s

shooting you will have a serious kink in your neck, your

bows will be in the condition of raw beef—to say
nothing of a back ache, a sore shoulder, and possibly
a scratched nose. All of these difficulties disappear as
if by magic with practice—in fact most of the dis-
comforts of the prone position are eliminated by small

bore 22 caliber rifle shooting indoors.
'

- Amateur Shooters Organize.

Animportant happening in the United States
shooting world is the recent incorporation of the
AMERICAN AMATEUR TRAPSHOOTERS’ ASSO-
CIATION for the Spy ag of providing an official
e half million shooters and
trapshooting clubs in that country. The
follows:
/ Dr.
Horace Betts, President Delaware State Sportsmen’s

nearly 5,000 I
national officers of the Association are as

Association, First Vice-President; Charles W. Billings

of New Jersey, Captain of the trapshooting team which

won for American in the Olympic Games at Stock-

r records that she has made are extraordin

-
A

holm, seco Profes
Kellogg ‘ice-President
eric iT

sportsmen and in the interests of the amateur gunner. __
It is owing to the increasing sentiment that such an
organization would prove of inestimable value to the ==
sport and to the individual shooter that the A.A.T.A.
has come into being: In addition to standardizing the __
rules governing the apo the Association aims to in-
crease interest in club shooting and to bring abouta __
greater development of the individual shooter by
instituting a system of medal and trophy awards. As
soon as a shooter has scored breaks of 38 out of 50
targets he will be awarded a 75% medal of bronze,and so
on as his skill increases until he has won the 95 per cent.
medal of solid gold, each medal representing the :
Association’s official recognition of the degree. at pro-
ficiency attained.” : ‘ rN
The headquarters of the Associati6n will be in Balti-
more, Maryland in pop of Secretary Withe where ~
the American Shooter, the official organ of the :
ciation, will be published.

Pacific Coast’s Expert Woman Trapshooter
Removes to Portland. .

San Jose, Cal., has lost one of its crack shots in the
departure of Mrs. Ada Schilling, society woman and
champion amateur trap shot of the Pacific Coast, to
Portland, Ore. Mr. Schilling, for business reasons,
was compelled to give up his residence in San Jose.
The change made it necessary for Mrs. Schilling to ~
resign her pr gona oe the San Jose Blue Rock Club,
where she had made her reputation as America’s fore-
most woman trapshooter.

Out of 8,400 shooters who broke 2,000 targets “nd
apiece, Mrs. Schilling stood 1iSth, aceon the in- Ax
terstate records recently issued in New York City. -
Her skill at the traps, therefore, not only gives her the “
highest place among women shooters for 1915, but she
made a record against all comers, both men and women,
which a large number of crack shots might meh « Mrs. —
Schilling’s average was 87.08 per cent. for the year.

Mrs. B. F. Remey, of Inaianapolis, and Mrs. Frank
Remey, of Anderson, Ind., were her nearest competitors

with averages of 77.37 and 74.29 per cent. respectively.

_ One of the remarkable things about Mrs. Schilling

is her ability to withstand the physical strain ee é

her work at the traps. She weigh less than a hundr
pounds. Veterans, who have seen her give way under

the recoil of her 12 gauge gun, express their amazement +,
at her endurance of one hundred shots in the tourna-
ment matches. Mrs. Schilling is further handicapped

in comparison with male shooters through the necessity

of using an extremely light load. Her aim must

truer in order to break her bird before it gets out of
range. With the’light load her shot spread isless and
her point quicker. In view of these disadvantages the

Mrs. Schilling has frequently carried Off haniech with
perfect scores in 25 and 50-bird matches. Throughout
the season she has been a constant competitor with the
members of the San Jose Blue Rock Club. She has
been a consistent winner and virtually a perpetual
member of the club teams.

Somebody says the New York Times has
made the suggestion—and really it’s worth
considering—that the way to reduce the
danger from sharks to nothing or to negligi-
bility is to create a demand for them as food.
The Evening Post vouches for the edibility
ef sharks, and declares that, properly pre-
pared, they are as good as halibut—which is
saying a lot.

Of course as soon as sharks acquired a
market value and were hunted systematically
for gain, instead of in a merely desultory
manner on account of hatred, their extermina-
tion would begin. Of course, also, they soon
would all perish unless measures for their
protection were taken, shark wardens ap-

-‘pointed—politicians please note—and a close
season established and enforced in their behalf.

The objection that nobody would eat
sharks under that sinister and loathly name

a

may or may not be valid. Probably it isn’t

but if so, another name could easily be found,

and one, too, at which this misbranding law

would complaisantly wink either eye or both.

We all know what “‘Alaska sable” did for the -
fur of an animal the usual name of which is z
scarcely mentionable in mixed company, and —
the natural history books supply many a ~—

really pretty name for the assorted members
of the great selachian tribe, none of them at
all suggestive of murder and sudden death.

On July 10th the contest between the de-
fenders of the migtraory bird law and the ~
enemies of the migratory bird law culminated
in the United States Senate. A motion to
strike out the appropriation of $50,000 for the
enforcement of the law was brought in but the —
vote to sustain the‘law and retain the ap-
propriation was 52 to 8. we?

e

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IN CANADA 445

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We carry_in stock the largest assortment of animal
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PROHIBITION OF THE SALE OF
GAME

Frederick K. Vreeland

The following article on the Prohibition of
the Sale of Game was given in the form of an
address by Frederick K. Vreeland of the Camp-
fire Club of North America, New York, before
the meeting of the Committee on Fisheries,
Game and Fur Bearing Animals, at Ottawa,
and is included in the Commission’s compila-
tion entitled “Conservation of Fish, Birds and

Game.
i behalf ot the Campfire Club of North
America for the privilege of appearing
before you.
appreciated because it indicates to us that you
realize and appreciate the objects that we are
working for. We feel that the wild life of
the North American continent knows no
geographical boundary, and our interests are
to protect the common heritage of all the
people, wherever it is found, and the only
way to do that to the fullest extent is by
international co-operation. So it is peculiarly
eying to us to see the spirit of co-opera-
tion that is enunciated by your Commission.
Game Now too Scarce for Food.

_ There are several points from which we can
view this question of game protection. There
is the sentimental viewpoint. Here is a
heritage that is given to us from nature. We
are the custodians of it and it is our duty to
guard it. Then there is the view of the
sportsman who claims the right to a legitimate
‘amount oi sport in killing the animals. And
finally, there is the value of the game as an
economic asset. But, from whatever stand-
point we look at the question, we are forced
to the conclusion that the time has passed
when wild game was a legitimate part of our
food supply, excepting in a sg few, very re-
mote sections. We may not like to accept
that principle, but it is not a question of
theory, it is a question of cold, hard, inex-
orable fact, and I will just point to a few of
those facts to make clear my viewpoint.

Diminution in Big Game.

When our ancestors came to this continent,
we fell heirs to a heritage of natural resources
probably unequalled elsewhere, the whole
continent teeming with wild life, now over
ninety per cent gone. The bison, which once
roamed in countless thousands, is now extinct
except for a little remnant still in a wild state
near Great Slave lake and a few herds in
national reserves. The next in order for ex-
tinction is the prong-horned antelope. In
the United States there are practically no
antelope left outside protected areas and there
is no state in the Union where killing is per-
mitted. They are making their last stand

‘in the plains of southern Canada, and Saskat-
chewan and Alberta have recently passed laws
prohibiting their killing. This is a matter for
congratulation, but it is to be feared it is too

thank you on my own behalf and on

446

This courtesy is particularly

late; the antelope is peculiarly intolerant of
approaching civilization and, I fear, is doomed
to follow the bison.

Present Scarcity of Big-Horn.

Then there is the mountain sheep, which
once extended in its various species through-
out the whole length of the Rockies, from the
Arctic ocean to Mexico. The most note-
worthy species, the big-horn, does not exist
to-day in the United States except in protect-
ed areas, with the single exception of Wyom-
ing, where, unfortunately, killing is still per-
mitted. It is pleasing to note that in Canada
ra have taken precautions for preserving the

ig-horn. You have two splendid parks
which will ensure the perpetuation of the
species, but it must be remembered that the
big-horn sheep is the most highly-prized
trophy of the sportsman in the North Ameri-
can continent, and the whole world of sports-
men has its eye on the little tract in the
Brazeau country and in the mountains north
of Yellowhead pass to which they must go to
get trophies. In spite of that, some people of
Alberta during recent years considered them-
selves terribly aggrieved because they were
prevented by the enlargement of the Park
from going up into the mountains and getting
sheep for meat when they wanted them.
Taking a sheep as worth $10 to $15 to a settler
for meat, compare that with the figures given
you ($1,000) as to the value of that animal,
even from the straight business viewpoint,
when sought after by visiting sportsmen.
The argument is irresistible. These people
are not rascals, they simply do not realize
the situation; they need education.

Mountain Goat Easy to Kill.

As to the goat, it is in a much better state
because it is not so highly prized, but, never-
the-less, it is in serious danger, particularly
because it is so easy to get, once one has
climbed up to where it lives. It is not as shy
and crafty as the sheep and, when the moun-
tains are opened up, it will not survive very
long. There is only one portion of the United
States where hunting of the goat is permitted,
namely, in Idaho and Washington, and even .
there, it ought to be stopped.

Decrease Among Moose.

The moose once ranged over the whole of
our north-eastern woods. Now, Minnesota
is the only state in the United States where
there are enough moose to be killed, and there
are not very many there. In the, state of
Maine, which has had perhaps the most
thorough and best enforced game laws with
regard to moose of any of our states, a closé
season was put in effect last year, for the
simple reason that there are too many hunters.
Along the southern frontier of Canada where
the country is brought under development,
and where the moose once roamed in thous-
ands you will now seldom find enough moose

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ROD AND
to make it worth while to hunt them. It is
worth while in New Brunswick, because there
they have been thoroughly protected. They
alé scarce even in many outlying districts. as,
_ for instance, the Peace River valley, until
recently regarded as remote but now thrown
open to settlement. In 1912, the Beaver
Indians were half starved; they could not get
enough meat to keep them alive, and one band
of Indians travelled 150 miles up on the Laird
river to hunt moose. Yet Rod and Gun in
Canada printed a communication entitled,
“Game in the Peace River Country Un-
limited,” which drew a glowing picture of
moose, deer and antelope roaming the woods
in countless numbers. Where did the writer
ever see an antelope. roaming the woods?
It shows that people do not realize the peril
confronting our animels.
Scattered Remnants of Elk.

Elk, which once ranged the eastern portion
of the continent, are making their last stand
in the Yellowstone park and are surviving
there simply because they are fed hay in the
winter time.! They used to range in con-
siderable numbers in Canada, but they are
now practically gone, only a few scattered
remnants being left.

Caribou in Precarious State.

You have already heard something about
the caribou. It is gone in the United States*:
there are a few of them left in New Brunswick,
more in Newfoundland, and, in the great
barren-lands country, there are stil large
numbers of them, but even there tKey are
threatened with extinction. Last season I
was in the mountains of British Columbia, one
of the particular objects of my trip being to
‘get some specimens of the mountain caribou

or the United States National Museum. We
travelled six weeks before we came to a place
where there were enough caribou to justify
killing. I said to my companion, an old
mountain man, who had been in the Fraser
River country for eighteen years: Is there not
some nearer place to gét them so as to avoid
carrying them this long distance? He ans-
wered that, until the railway came through,
the Tonikwa mountains, just north of the
Fraser river, were the best caribou range in the
whole country but were no good now, that he
would not advise me to depend on getting one
there. Probably at this very moment there
are men hunting caribou in® the Tonikwa
mountains and selling them to the railway
men. I could give you names, but I do not
think I ought to do so. My informant is a
resident there, and he states that, if it were
known that he had told, it would go hard with
him among his neighbors. So you see our big
game are in a very precarious state.

Dangers Threatening Wild Fowl.

Turn to the wild fowl. Passenger pigeons
once covered the sky and made it black with
their countless numbers. In 1857, the Senate
of the state of Ohio instructed a committee to
investigate the propriety of protecting the
wild pigeons. The committee reported that
there was no need of protection, that they
were in such countless numbers that they
could not possibly be exterminated. The last
Passenger pigeon died last year in the Cin-
cinnati zoological park at the age of twenty-
two years. The Eskimo®curlew, another

448

ST I ee Oe Ne A
GUN IN CANA

bee
example, is absolutely extinct. A
of the United States Department of Agricul.
ture says with regard to this question that the —
golden plover, the willet and the black-necked ©
stilt are in order for extinction very soon. I
wonder how many of you gentlemen have ever nel
seen one of these birds outside a museum; yet
they used to breed in Canada in very large

~

numbers. The Labrador duck is another a
extinct species, and I might mention numerous

others that are in very grave danger. The +3
prairie chicken is very much in need of pro- “

tection or it, too, will be exterminated. Re-
cently, I was talking to a man from Saskatche-
wan who said that the prairie chicken is being
killed by gopher poison. That is the view-
point of the ardent sportsmen; it is not gopher
poison that is killing the prairie chicken. The
simple fact is that it lives in the open, it is a
large bird, a conspicuous mark for the gunner,
and it cannot stand the slaughter.
Remote Districts Being Made Accessible.

I do not think it necessary to go further to
demonstrate my proposition that the time is
passed when wild game was a legitimate part
of our food supply, except in a very few very _
remote districts—and it must be borne in
mind that these remote districts are fast ceas-
ing to be remote. Perhaps you will say that —
this relates to the United States, that Canada
is in a better state than that. Well, happily
your conditions are very much better than in
thejUnited States, but the difference is only
one of degree. You have great areas that
have not yet been brought under development —
and exploitation. But they are Feing de

veloped. In those newly developed regions
you are going through the same experience 7.
that we had in the United States and the re- !
sult will inevitably be the same, unless you 4
take steps to preserve your wild life. Travel
by the Canadian Pacific railway from the '

Atlantic to the Pacific. See how much is left
of the former forest belt that is really fit to be
inhabited by wild animals. How many moose
and caribou and other specimens of wild game
will you find in that area? The question
brings its own reply. Now you have the
National Transcontinental and Canadian
Northern lines just opened up. Last year
the regions they run through were remote;
they are no longer remote to-day. The Pull-
man car has brought them to yourdoor. You
have a railway now to the Peace river. Next
year there will be another railway through
to McMurray connecting with the steam-
boats plying on the lower Athabaska, Slave
and Mackenzie rivers, and the whole Mac- —
kenzie basin will at once cease to be remote.
You are constructing a line to Hudson bay
and then that vast territory will be thrown
open. So the situation is critical and it re-
requires immediate action.
Pot-hunting the Greatest Danger. a

There are several causes of the depletion of
our wild life, the natural encroachment o1
civilization, disease and accident, the killin
by sportsmen and the use of game for food.
We cannot prevent dangers due to the en- an
croachment of civilization norcanwedo much =
to prevent the ravages oi disease and weather,
but we can limit the destruction by sports-_
men, and that problem is being well handled
The most potent cause of them all, however

.

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“ROD AN

is the use of game for food. It is almost a
truism that the very best way to exterminate
any species of wild life is to put a price upon
its head. As long as there are dealers in game
you will find men who will kill it in spite of
anything you may dotothecontrary. Before
the Act prohibiting the sale of game was
passed in New York state, one dealer in New
York city admitted that he sold 1,000,000 wild
birds for food each year.

Migratory Birds Act.

What is the remedy? When the cause is
well known the remedy follows almost as a
matter of course. The two agencies that have
done more than anything else for protecting
the wild lite ot the United States are the
Migratory Bird Act giving us uniform seasons
for killing, and the laws prohibiting the sale
of game.* We now have laws prohibiting the
sale of all or part of the protected game in
forty-seven out of forty-eight states, and, in
thirty-five states, the laws cover practically
all the protected species. These laws are
having a most admirable effect. The game,
which was formerly diminishing at an alarming
rate, is beginning to increase. We get reports
from our field agents all over the country,
telling us that ducks are breeding on the ponds
in the Middle West in a way they have not
done for many years. On the feeding grounds
on the Atlantic coast, especially Currituck
sound, Narragansett bay and Great South bay,
the ducks are appearing in very much greater
numbers. An interesting result of these laws
is that the birds are trying to winter in places
where they never thought of wintering before,

ga lake and lake Champlain in New York,
and some of them had a hard time of it because
of the cold weather and ice conditions. It
shows how quickly birds respond when they
are protected. The cutting-off of the market
for game has eliminated fully one-half of the
killing.

Cutting off: the Market for Game.

The pot-hunter, as you know, is not covered
by the ordinary restrictions of the sportsman;
you cannot govern him by bag limits or by
the ordinary restrictive measures. If the bag
limit prevents him from marketing all he kills,
he calls in “his sisters and his cousins and his
aunts” and each one of them markets the
limit. Itis only by cutting off his market that
this slaughter can be stopped. I do not know
what the figures are with regard to Canada,
but your hotels must be using great quantities
of game. When I was in Edmonton this
autumn, there were wild ducks on the table
d@’hote bill of fare. When such a novelty ap-
pears, everybody orders it, and that means
that every day they_appear on the menu
several hundreds of wild birds are sacrificed.
The dining cars are using great quantities
of game. Unless we stop all these causes of
destruction, game will inevitably be carried
rapidly towards extinction.

—F/i\4

Lbs Aa 2 i T'S Bare fee.

7 . “aS ha cue. Ba vr
TNT TRE PUR AN WAU fe ate La ee

‘

4

Hunting for Food Creates Scarcity

Just as an example of the difference between
sections where game is

compare New Brunswick with the Peace River
country. New Brunswick has been the
Mecca of the sportsman for years, and the
shooting has been so well regulated that the
moose have held their own and there is still
a plentiful supply there. Out in the Peace
River country, where I suppose you could
count on your fingers the number of sports-
men who have ever hunted, the Indians are
half starved for lack of meat. Respecting the
demand of the cities, I think it needs no argu-
ment that that ought to be stopped. ut
consider also the remote sections where they
are using big gone to feed railway construc-
tion crews and to feed the settlers who are
going into the country. The game cannot
stand that.
Raising Game in Captivity.

Ot course when you propose laws pro-
hibiting the sale of game you have some op-
position, especially from the dealers. Let me
tell you an interesting fact. When the law
prohibiting the sale of game was proposed
in New York state, the pot-hunters fought it
like tigers. The hotel men did not fight it.
The President of the New York Hotel Dealers’
Association came out boldly and said that he
would not oppose the measure provided some
means were worked out whereby they could
use game raised in captivity. In working
out the problem, we provided that, for a very
small license fee, those who wished to raise
game in captivity could have the Govern-
ment’s sanction, and that the birds so raised
would be tagged officially by a game guardian
and sold only under those tags. In that way
a new industry of some importance is being
built up and those who feel that they must
have a taste of wild game to satisfy an ap-
petite that is already jaded by over-indul-
gence, can get it. As to form, the law which
we consider the model in the United States is
that in force in the state of New York, known
as the Hornaday-Bayne law, which was de-
vised by Director Hornaday, of the New York
Zoological park, who was at that time Chair-
man of our Conservative Committee, and
was put through the legislature by Senator
Bayne.

Let me repeat, in closing, that, in considér-
ing this question, you must take account not
only of the problem of the cities but also of the
remote districts like the Peace River country.
Ifthe game is not protected it will very soon
be exterminated by being hunted for food. I
would like to call your attention to Dr. Horna-
day’s book entitled “‘Our Vanishing Wild Life,”
which contains a great deal of very useful in-
formation. I would like to add that, if, at any
time, the Campfire Club can be of any service
in cooperating with you, you have only to call
on us and we shall consider it anhonor. ~

: killed under restric-*
tions and sections where it is killed for food,

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_OWIN ‘BOOK

1916—FIFTH SUCCESSFUL YEAR—1916

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“‘woodsy”’ from cover to cover—stirred by lake-breezes and
redolent of pine. It is endorsed by outdoor men everywhere.

Authors of country-wide repute have, with their enthusiasm
and familiar knowledge, aided its making. Dan Beard, Emlyn
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BIRD PROTECTION IN CANADA

ie

W. E. Saunders

IRDS, in common with all wild life, are _
reproducing annually in excessive num-

bers and the amount of that excess is
governed by the amount of destruction that
takes place in the individual spécies under
consideration. As a general rule it may be
stated that the total annual death-rate corre-
sponds almost exactly with the annual rate
of increase. When it is considered that the
annual rate of increase in common birds, such
as the robin, is perhaps two, three, or even
five hundred per cent. it follows that the
annual death-rate is the same. Were it not
sO, an enormous increase in the number of
these species would take place until eventually
they woultl themselves check their increase
by their very abundance. This destruction
takes place in very many ways. The birds
migrate, covering thousands of miles, exposing
themselves to very great dangers, oiten fatal.
Besides there are the other fatal conditions to
the birds, exclusive of migration.

Aesthetic Importance of Bird Protection.
While we have in the past given very great
consideratior and thought to the economic
side ot bird protection, yet the aesthetic side
is equally worthy, perhaps even more worthy,
of consideration than the economic side. A
comparatively small proportion of the popula-
tion is interested personally in birds from the
economic side, while there is a large and rapidly
increasing number of the residents of Canada
and of the crvilized world who are taking great
interest in the study of bird lite, and this study
is of very great benefit to tne individual as
well as to the nation at large. It has arefining
influence upon the student and yields an
amount of enjoyment which I hesitate to
estimate, because it is such a personal matter
with me. To one who has made a life-long
study of birds, it is a very pleasant thing to
o into the country and meet at every turn
riends whom one knows; it is like going down
street and meeting all one’s most pleasant
acquaintances in One afternoon.

Domestication of Humming Birds.

Probably every bird is capable of partial
domestication while in the wild state. I was
very much interested a couple of years ago
at a meeting of the American Ornithologists’
Union in a paper by Miss Sherman on The
Taming of the Wild Humming-bird. I sup-
pose the small size of the humming-bird and
its almost insect-like character had given me
the feeling that it was incapable of domestica-
tion or of knowing its friends but she de-
monstrated that she had domesticated them
to some extent. She actually tamed them so
that they came and buzzed around her head
for food. She began with bottles of syrup
hidden in the base of a Laie artificial flower,
from that she progressed to the bare bottle and
the humming-birds came most treely; they
quite expected the syrup and promptly de-
manded it from her if the bottle were tound

t any time empty.
452

»

Jack Miner’s Experiments with Wild Geese

Fram the humming-bird perhaps the longest
step we can take is to the wild goose, one of
the wildest as well as largest of our birds.

Jack Miner at Kingsville has the most *

spectacular demonstration every year on his
tarm of the possibility of temporary domesti-
cation ot this bird. One morning last April,
1,000 wild geese came to his farm, all of which
lit within 150 yards ot his house. Many of
them—by actual count 425 geese—were in
the small enclosure right in front of his dining-
room window. I went into the enclosure
with him and found it quite possible to walk
to within fifteen or twenty feet of the nearest

oose; but, when those geese were out on the
ake, two miles distant, it was exceedingly
difficult to get a boat within halt a mile of
them. In one case, they knew absolutely
they were on safe ground and in the other case
they suspected danger, because man is a
dangerous animal. To them, however, the
man who goes around Jack Miner’s place is
safe and, therefore, they are not in the least
alarmed. It seems that the birds have
methods of communication, not only between
members of their own species, but with others,
because one day during last year’s migration,
while the geese were visiting Miner’s place,
on four different occasions flocks of wild swans
flew over, apparently to see if these stories
the geese were telling about the safety and
pleasant conditions on Miner’s farm were true.
But while the swans found they were ap-
parently true, because the geese were down
in the ponds on the farm, they felt like the
,farmer who, seeing the giraffe at a menagelie,
said: “There ain’t no such animal.” The
swans looked at the geese and said: “It looks
safe but cannot be”—and went away. And
now Miner’s ambition jor next year is to have
some swans there in order to assure these wild
fellows that it really is all right on his farm.
Perhaps I might take it upon myself to urge
upon. the members ot the Committee on
Fisheries and Game that probably the most
spectacular demonstration of protection that
you can see on the continent of North America
-is at Jack Miner’s place in Kingsville any day
in April while the geese are there. They come
in March and leave in May and the number
is limited only by the amount of corn that
Miner, who is not a very wealthy man, can
afford to feed them. During the migration

season last year I believe he ted them about ~

three hundred bushels of corn. That does
not cost a great deal of money, but then he is
giving it to wild geese and for the benefit of the
country at large.
year I have spent out ot my own pocket the
value of three hundred bushels of corn tor the
benefit ot the country at large. Ot! course, Mr.
Miner gets personal enjoyment out of it, or
he would not do it, and his work with the

I am not sure that in any ~

eese has resulted in an entire change of con-

ition in his township. In the old days the

geese were common all over that country. —

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454 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA |

Settlement banished them and twenty years
ago there were none. When he began his
experiments about twelve or fifteen years ago,
he obtained a few domesticated Canada geese
and kept them in an enclosure, hoping to lure
wild geese to visit him annually, but he had
the tame ones there for a number ot years
before the wild ones came. Eventually they
did come, seventeen visiting him the first
year. The next year there were thirty, then
one hundred and fitty, then five hundred in
the fourth year, and after that Miner said he
could not count them, that he had about
“five acres’ of geese the year following. It is
all very well for a person to talk about quan-
tities wild geese, but nothing is so con-
vincing as to see them for yourseli and if the
members of the Committee could spare the
time to visit Kingsville next April, I am sure
they would be impressed with the value of
even individual effort, though much more
could be accomplished if the matter were
handled or a little larger scale. On Miner’s
iarm there are two ponds, one, thirty-five
yards across, the other thirty by fifty or sixty,
yet they accommodated between 1,000 and
1.500 wild geese last spring.
Encouragement of Birds near Home.

Coming down to smaller things, the pro-
tection of the ordinary birds arbund the home,
it is not often that we can get figures that are
exact and reliable. In fact, not very many
people have tried or have made serious effort
to encourage the birds and increase their
numbers. But I was told the other day about
what seemed to me to be really a very spec-
tacular result. A family, residing in the sum-
mer on a Jittle island, about three- quarters
of an acre, in the Rideau lakes, had one or two
cats. A visitor there induced his friends to
leave the cats at home. Then he began to
put up nesting boxes to attract the tree
swallows, and they came at the first invitation.
Up to 1915, he never got enough boxes up on
that island to accommodate the swallows
who came. But this year he got up a few
more boxes than were needed, and, in seven-
teen boxes, he had fifteen pairs of swallows
on an island that formerly had two cats and
five pairs of birds. In addition he had three
pairs of orioles, two pairs each of five other
species and one pair each of five others, a
total in five years of thirty-three nesting pairs
on three-quarters of an acre from a beginning
of five pairs. I think that was a very credit-
able result indeed.

Destructiveness of Cats

Of course one great help to him was banish-
ing the cats. The cat, I think, comes fairly
under the jurisdiction of the Conservation
Commission. I wish it came legally under
such jurisdiction and that the Commission
would appoint me Cat Ranger. If that were
done I can assure you the number ot cats
would suffer a very serious diminution every
year because, as you know, every cat spends
most of its time in an effort to kill. It kills
not only the mice but every bird it can pos-
sibly catch and, as I look at it, each insec-
tivorous bird killed by a cat is worth more
than the cat itself. I have proved that there
are some uses for cats. Buried under apple
trees I have eaten them as apples, buried under
rose bushes I have picked them in the form of

roses. That is a very satisfactory way of dis- a,
posing of cats. While we have the semi-wild =

domestic cat we cannot have a very
increase in birds and I think it is a fair subject
for the Conservation Commission to take up.
Ducks Nesting in Chimney.
_ There are some very, interesting possibili-
ties in the way ot bird protection in the North-
west, particularly with regard to the birds
whose nesting places are in holes in hollow
trees. One such, the American golden-eye,
has nested for four years in the chimney of the
residence of Mr. R. B. Price, Camrose, Al-
berta. Mr. Price knows when the birds are

hatched because the duck then sits on top of ©

the chimney and waits for the youngsters to
climb up and project themselves over the edge,
to roll down the roof and bang on the ground,
which never seems to hurt them at all. In
1915 however, the humanitarian instincts of
the neighbors got the better of them and they

_ carried the little fellows down in a hat I

have been urging Mr. Price to put up another
dummy chimney in the hope ot getting two
pairs of birds, and in the meantime I have’
heard that his experience has been duplicated
in Saskatchewan. , :
Pelicans Resent Interference.
Then we come to the matter of bird sanc-
tuaries. Some birds do not like people to
make a fuss about them and that refers par-
ticularly to large wild birds on whom human
friendship is suddenly thrust.
markable experience along that line in Alberta.
On a small island in Miquelon lake, twelve
miles north of Camrose, there were two
hundred breeding pairs ot white pelicans.
The pelican, a bird about the size of an eagle,
is not accustomed to human interference. I
visited the island with a friend and saw these
two hundred nests but the birds left the island
before we landed and did not return for about
an hour or two after we left. My companion
was an enthusiastic ornithologist and bir
protectionist and his next door neighbor was

the local M. L. A. Through his influence

that island was declared a bird reserve and the
nearest farmer a game warden, his duty being
to see that the birds were not molested. He
visited the island practically every day and
the birds resented it so much that, since that
year, there has not been a pelican on the is-
land. That shows that we must be careful
in our attitude toward some of the wild birds.

Extermination Imminent in some Cases.

In North America it has been the habit
to await practical extermination before any-
thing is done for the wild things, either
animals or birds, with the exception of the
game which is so highly thought of by the
tunter. In fact there has been so little done
for birds that, in the United States, practical
extermination has actually taken place in the
case of some birds. There are some birds that
really require immediate assistance and, if one
ventures to make a prophecy, it must not be
considered as exact in terms of years. We
can never tell when the last ot a species is

with us and, though a species that seems to be.
in danger of extinction may remain in fair

numbers for years without apparent diminu-

tion, it may then come to a time when it ©
practically drops out of existence all at once,

as did the Labrador ducks, which became

serious ©

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c

extinct about 1865 from no known cause. It
is surmised by ornithologists that they were
few in numbers, that they had a restricted
summef habitat and that in the fatal year
a tribe of Indians visited this summer home
and killed, as theW always do, everything they
could—in fact as they need to do, because in
that northern country they must subsist on
the wild things—and thus the last of the
Labrador ducks were destroyed. ;

Danger to the Caspian Tern.

Now we have a bird in Ontario which is just
about in that condition, namely, the Caspian
tern. It is the largest of the terns. These
terns are large birds with sharp-pointed wings,
and closely related to the gulls. They dart
down tor their fish rather than settle on dead
things as the gulls do. I believe there is oaly
one breeding place in Eastern Canada where
the Caspian tern exists in any numbers and
that is an island near Parry Sound. There
are one or two breeding grounds in Michigan
and these are all that are known jn the Great
Lakes district. It formerly nested in the gulf
of St. Lawrence and Taverner tells me it is

still there in small numbers; but so far as he

learned there is no large breeding ground of
the bird in that district. So all we need
practically to exterminate the Caspian tern
in Eastern Canada is to have a band of fisher-
men, for instance, settle on a Parry Sound

island beside the breeding ground, or perhaps -

on that island itself, and feed on the eggs for
one summer. If there is no natural increase

that summer, they will return possibly one-

third of their former number, perhaps go to
some other island and they are well on the
way to extinction the moment they begin
to move around and leave their ancestral
domain. Of course, that tern is of no very
great value to man so far as we know, but we
cannot afford, fer many considerations, to
allow it to become extinct.

Value of Bird Sanctuaries.
Not only small, but large birds should be

_ encouraged and we should endeavor to in-

crease their number by means of reserves and
sanctuaries. Remember, tor instance, the
little bird sanctuary I referred to in the
Rideau lakes, where in five years theré was an
increase from five pairs of birds to thirty-
three pairs, from a summer population of ten
to sixty-six. That shows the possibilities.
All over this country are such islands, par-
ticularly in the West. There, ducks are such
a prominent feature in the landscape and such

an important article of food that the islands

in the various lakes should be reserved. I
think the Committee could not use its in-
fluence to better advantage than in endeavor-
ing to back up the efforts of those of us who
have been trying to get such areas set aside
as bird sanctuaries, and I am sure that a word

from the Committee would be of more in-

fluence than a long letter from a private
citizen. I have tried these long letters and,
so far as I know, they have had no influence.
I am one of many who have tried to effect
changes in existing conditions and am ac-
customed to disappointment and defeat, but
if, backed by his own conscience, each one
sticks to his guns, eventually perhaps he will
win out.

ROD AND G

UN IN |

.

* he

_ Places Suguesten as Sanctua se
Perhaps I might suggest a few conspic
pee that might with very great advan IY
e made bird reserves. In the gulf of St.
Lawrence, we have the Perce rock and Bona- —
venture island. With regard to the latter, Il
believe some steps are already under way
towards making it a preserve. There are —
also the Bird rocks of Magdalen islands.
Perce rock and Bird rocks are the oaly North
American nesting grounds of the gannet or
solan goose, a large, white bird the size ol a
goose. It feeds on fish of no economic im-
portance and, even if it took a percentage of ‘
valuable fish, we could not afford to have it
destroyed. These islands are the summer —
homes of many other species and are desiraple
bird sanctuaries from many points of view. :

In other portions of the gulf of St. Lawrence —
we meet a rather peculiar condition of affairs. —__
We are accustomed in Canada to look upon ~
ourselves as a people who get our living either —
from the soil or from manufacturers, and we
are perhaps inclined to overlook the fact
that some parts oi our Dominion are still wild
and depend upon wild life. The inhabitants
of the north shore of the St. Lawrence, fisher-
men, half-breeds and Indians, are large
dependent on birds for meat. Unless some-
thing is done in the ey of protection among
the islands scattered along our shores, there
is danger that the absence of birds may render
the whole area uninhabitable, so that the
fishing population would have to migrate in
there in the spring and come out again in the
autumn.

Then there is the consideration of the re- ~
servation of marshy areas. They lend them-
selves to reservation purposes readily because
we do not value them highly for anything else.
Point Pelee, .for instance, contains a large
marsh capable of forming an overflow point y —
for game such as ducks, and it is also the most
northern breeding ground of several North
American species that have reached their
limit of latitude. There are more of. some
varieties of birds found on point Pelee than in
all the rest of Ontario put together.

Large Birds Attract Hunters.

The apparently irresistible impulse of every
sportsman to kill everything that is big always
saddens me. Torrey puts the case in a nut-
shell when he says: ‘“‘Czars and rare birds ~
pay the price.” He should have said “large _
birds,’’ because most people do not know the ©
rare birds, but the man with a gun is always i
anxious to shoot something large. For years
I have been urging the Ontario Government —
to give the large birds special protection but
have had the reformer’s usual experience. |
The result was full of disappointment and
defeat, but not discouragement, and I still *
hope that, before it is too late, some of the ~-
larger birds, such as the fish hawk, will be i
protected. ‘These birds formerly nested along
Lake Erie and probably on Lake Huron. They
still nest in Algonquin Park and probably in
Muskoka but the shores of Lakes Erie, Ontario
and Huron are destitute of them. Mybrother
intorms me that they are common also along.
the Columbia river, between its source and
Golden. Are we going to sit by and witness
their extermination in that district?

Be

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458

Diminution among Eagles.

The bald yaale formerly nested along every
large lake and also probably beside every
medium-sized lake a few miles in extent. In
the district wh which I am _ personally
familiar, Lake Erie south of London, there was
a nest about every five miles. Now there isa
nest about every thirty miles. About five-
sixths of the eagles have been killed off. The
eagle is not an injufious bird and, during the
summer holidays, every person enjoys the
sight ot one of these large birds soaring above.
In August, going from Ottawa to Kingston on
the Rideau river I saw one fish hawk, but not
an eagle, yet it was formerly a common resi-
dent along all lakes the size of Rideau lakes.
Some years ago I questioned an Essex County
farmer regarding an eagle’s nest across the
road from his place and asked what his ex-
perience had been with these birds. He said
his neighbor thought he ought to have them
killed off, because they were so hard on
chickens, but he said: ‘““They never touch
any of mine and I am the nearest.” Other
people have had the same experience. The
eagles pick up dead fish, etc. They are really

scavengers and, if they have any economic
value, it is as scavengers. But the aesthetic
value of the eagle is considerable. Everyone
likes to see them and, when a man with a gun
kills one, he takes away from the country,
from you. and from me, our rights in that bird»
and almost invariably he throws it on the
waste heap.

/

In addition to the more common causes of
_ fire, carelessnegs on the part of fishermen has
been responsible for serious losses, several
destructive fires in Canada having originated
in this manner during the current year. In
April, a large malting plant in Manitoba was
destroyed with a loss of $300,000, due to em-
bers blown from fishermen’s fires. Serious
forest fires were raging in New Brunswick
during the latter part of May, and it is de-
finitely known that at least two of the fires
originated as a result of neglect on the part of
fishermen.

Care with fire should be one of the first
considerations of any hunting or fishing party.
Protection from wind is a simple matter when
it is necessary to have a fire, and, when it has
served its purpose, it should be thoroughly
extinguished. In the woods the ground
should be scraped clear of all leaves and other
combustible matter for a space large enough
to prevent the fire spreading. When leaving
a fire, it should be thoroughly drenched with
water to assure its’ being extinguished.
Trampling a fire out is never positive, as a
high wind fans into life again embers which
may have been simply trampled into the
ground.

When the results of carelessness are brought
to their attention, it is surely incumbent upon
our sportsmen to give proper attention and
care to their eamp fires, and relieve Canada
of this unnecessary fire loss.

ROD AND G

yy Fle (Oe ary ean

UN IN CANADA

_upon local

Danger to the Blue Hero y Prhaetg

The great blue heron is another species in —
the same category. It used to nest in com-—
munities and, while it does yet to a certain
extent, the communities are very small.
There is one heronry near London with about ;
twenty odd nests. How it has escaped so —
long I do not know, because we have so many ea]
irresponsible people who do not think, whose ==
impulse is to slaughter and who go out with =
.22 rifles into a heronry just to see how many
herons they can kill. Then, of course, the
eggs rot or the young starve to death. It is
the privilege of the members of this Com-
mittee to inaugurate a system that will pre-
vent that sort of thing occurring in the future.
I do not see why it should not be possible to
have the provincial governments declare such
places ds heronries bird sanctuaries where
guns would not be allowed, where special —
penalties would be enforced on any person ;
going with a gun. As a rule the few places
in which these heronries now exist are places —
where the neighbors are favorable to the birds —
because, if that were not so, they would not ~—
have lasted nearly so long.

I sincerely hope the members of the
Fisheries and Game Committee will feel it |
within the scope of their activities to urge

SoNernna ns the importance of this
matter of bird protection. Feeling as I do
that, while the economic side of the question
is of value, the aesthetic side really is of con-
siderably more value, I wish to emphasize
the tact that the combined value of the two
aspects is very great indeed.

The excessive rise in prices which has
characterized practically all staple commo-
dities during recent years has had the effect
largely of impairing the usefulness of statis-
tical records, in so far as such refer to the
monetary standard, as a reliable indication
of progress or decline in respect to the output
of any industry. This is particularly true —
with regard to the fishing industry.

A glance at the statistics representing the
money value of the output of Canadian
fisheries shows a gradual but steady increase
per annum for the whole of Canada.
It will be found, however, on consulting the
index number maintained by the Department
oi Labour, that the substantial increase since ©
1890 in the value of the annual output of our
fisheries is largely a matter of a rise in prices
and that the actual increase in the quantity
of fish caught is insignificant. Applying this
test particularly to the Atlantic provinces
it will be found that the increase in the value
of the total production is apparently accom-
panied by a decrease in the volume of th
catch. :

Aside from the fact that a close considera-
tion of the statistical data reveals lack of pro-
gress in one of our leading primary industries,
it may be pointed out that statistics extending __
over a long term of years are of little orno use
in revealing economic facts and tendencies —
unless due allowance is made for such im- ~—
portant economic phenomena as the striking
rise in prices during the past 15 or 20 years.

tale Ay Re a AEs aay ey URC) RA ee ce

ROD AND ‘GUN IN CANADA

we =“ No man
rr ig a born
woodsman or
ata of

There is always something
more to learn.”

“Those who seek to be trappers today must in a measure, at least,
emulate the old-timers’ ways, and, profiting by the experience of others,
learn even to avoid their failures, yet achieve their successes. Life
is too short for universal personal experiment; the successful man
of today is the one who profits by the experience of others—reaps
a harvest or reward.”

The above is an extract ’ In this book, Buzzacott
from Buzzacott’s second shows you how to avoid
volume, and all who Buzzacott S others’ failures, and
have read his “Sports- achieve success where
man’s Guide” know that e failure would be certain
Buzzacott is the premier M t p had you not this master-
writer of the great out- as er lece sportsman’s experience
doors. within your reach.

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ADDRESS
_W. J. TAYLOR, Limited, PUBLISHER, WOODSTOCK, ONT.

_APAAVAISSASSSAAS

gasedeessenessessreaeneEeeeE

ee

a einstes imei SE

a, Cw
: ut . ht sae AW Pad ther

AN Wi . = awh (i aes Su

> . ‘ ‘ pans 25

een

ae

An editorial writer in the Toronto Globe
writes as follows concerning “A Mother
Shrike” :—

Life’s mystery is nowhere so fascinating
as in the nest. In the great unfolding of
spring nothing awakens a keener interest
aa the fragile little globes in which life
waits to be awakened by the warmth of the
mother’s breast. Habits may vary, loca-
tions may range from the open field to the
inaccessible crag or treetop, structures may
be loose and careless or carefully formed
and securely fastened, material may be
chosen from the widest range of nature’s
assortment, the mother may be cheered, fed,
or even relieved by the father, or left alone
with her absorbing interests, but the mis-
sion of the nest is the same. It is a strong-
hold always defended against profaning tres-
passers, and sometimes more effectively pro-
tected by the paroxysms of excitement that
feign injury and helplessness, leading the
invader away from the sacred spot. The
mind may gradually close to many of the
joys of eager childhood, but the nest never
dese its charm.

A shrike’s nest in a thorn tree seemed de-
signed to escape attention by its coarse,
rough, weather-beaten appearance. But
these birds always build such nests, using
small,“ crooked, and broken branches in
needless abundance. They give their nests
the appearance of age and neglect. Their
preference for thorn trees is an additional
protection, for the threatening multitude
of formidable spines makes amends for the
delayed concealment of foliage. Only a
friend would face the many painful annoy-
ances to reach a seemingly abandoned struc-
ture. Yet the reward was ample—the never-
failing thrill of lightly touching the three
deeply-skeltered eggs. The shrike has a
bad reputation. He kills not only when
impelled by hunger, like the hawks, but
to gratify a propensity. His victims, 1m-
palcd on thorns and barbs, are often aban-
doned. From this habit has come the fam-
iliar name “butcher bird.” Lacking the
formidable claws of the hawk, he strikes with
hooked and toothed beak, and must make
use of a thorn to dismember and feast on his

rey. 7%

t No reputation, however bad, could prompt
a hostile invasion of a nest. The egg of a
cowbird, potent to destroy a coming brood of
songsters and waste the efforts of foster-
parents, can be removed and destroyed with-
out compunction. But the predatory shrike
broods as gently as the sweet-voiced thrush,

468

and her nest should be as sacred from in-
vasion. The contrasts of white and black, —
the excessive flapping, the straight, steady
gait along the farther side of the tree an- ~
#@ounced her silent arrival. Making her ir- —
regular way from branch to.branch, she
gazed at the peering glasses, perhaps with —
still keener vision. When, after many turn- —
ings, she settled down, her long, white-
bordered tail was still conspicuous, and her
black eye glared suspicious y just over the —
irregular margin. She rested but a mbment
before rising to follow an uneasy, zigzag
course among the branches and return. —
Again her eye glared over the margin for a
moment, the large cheek patch of black —
being partly concealed. Her} restless visits
to the nest and purposeless quests among
the adjacent branches became distressing, —
for that suspicious, accusing eye was never
for a moment turned away. Curiosity could
not be more deeply rebuked, or the right
of privacy tore determinedly or success-
fully asserted.

Some of the largest black bass are caught
in Ontario rivers every year—not all in
Georgian Bay or the,inland lakes. An out-
let of some good-sized lake is a pet spot.
Clear, cold water, rocky bottom, the river
a series of shallows and deeps—foamy tor-
rents tumbling over stones and tree-reflect-
ing quiet reaches intervening—wherever there
is lots of sun and plenty of shade, you may
be sure it’s a natural home of black bass.
Try every sheltered pool, casting 20 or 30:
feet ahead. Settling places at the foot of
foamy falls generally are where the bass wait
for their natural prey. Remember: Keep
out of sight, make little noise, let your bait-
ed hook strike water gently. Use a light
rod, a multiplying reel, 25 yards of fine line,
a 9-foot leader of silkworm gut, and a suppl
of hooks (on snells) into the bend of which
a quarter would nearly fit. For, big hooks,
like what Mark Twain called a “good job”
of bait, alone cateh prize fish. es)

Lake fishing is simpler. Requisites are —
a comfortable boat, a good rod and reel,
50 yards of line, a 9-foot leader, a supply ~
of hooks on snells, a small spoon-hook or ~
spinner, and a pail of lively minnows. ve
the tail end of the leader tie the spmner. At —
intervals of 3 feet upward, attach two snell- —
hooks and bait them with minnows. On ~
the line, just above the leader, place a sink-
er weighing not more than an ounce. ow
this equipment into the water, pay out 60
or 100 feet of line, meanwhile rowing slow. yo

= 7" a i Ei ~

De ee

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

461

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“The Culture of Black

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BY R. B. and L. V. CROFT, B.A., M.D.
The new aud growing industry of Fox
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462 ROD AND GUN INCANADA

enough just to keep the bait 2 or 3 feet off
bottom. If*vou are on the right ground—
rocky or bouldery bottom—all you want
is a slight breeze to ruffle the water, a sky
more or less cloudy, hazy atmosphere and
warm. The boat, being 60 or 80 feet ahead
of the bait, does not frighten the bass, and
the slow rowing gives the minnows oppor-
tunity to swim as if they liked it. Then
it’s up to your patience and dexterity—from
those boulder-strewn depths—to cozen His
Freshwater Majesty off his cool shady throne,
ten to thirty feet below.

The above practically lays bare bass fish-
ing as a science. There is hope for the
veriest tyro, however, for the expert respon-
sible for the pointers confesses that the
biggest bass he ever saw caught was by a

Penetanguishene Indian, sitting at the end 4

of a slab-dock. Perhaps $150 dollars worth
of classy tackle was represented on that
dock, the same afternoon, in the hands of
tourists. Most of their elaborate baskets
went back emply to the hotel. The Indian
had a potato sack full of beauties. Every
time his hook dropped in—the solution—
it looked like a mass of wreathing worms,
ae of wriggling ends. Never spare your
ait.

The same Indian had out a boat-load of
bass-wise expectants next day, all expensively
accoutred and carrying about every known
kind of bait. Even then the only successful
ones were those who got the Indian to do
the baiting. Every now and then he would
cut open the last fish caught to try and dis-
cover the day’s strange gastronomic pre-
ferences among the bass tribe. Even that
usually effective expedient was fruitless.
The. party were for starting home. A bite
per hour lacked excitement. Anyway to
prove there were lots of fish in the neighbor-
hood the Indian flourished his alder sapling
with a hunk of a pike’s gill. He lande
Exhibit A in under three minutes, amidst
a salvo of paleface warwhoops. Then all
betook themselves to business again—and
success—proving black bass to have as many
whims as bones.

The people of Nova Scotia in virtue of
an act passed by the Nova Scotia Legisla-
ture now have freedom to fish in any inland
waters in this province, a privilege not en-
joyed in the past. This comes as a result
of a bill introduced by W. L. Hall, member
for Kings in the provincial legislature. It
will affect a large number’ of people who
hitherto have had fishing pools for their ex-
clusive use. As a result of an agitation
some years ago the government passed a
bill giving the right of free fishing on all in-
land waters and the right of travel over all
uncultivated lands for that purpose, but
provided that municipal councils should
have the right to pass by-laws and issue
licenses, giving private owners on rivers the
exclusive right to fish in their own waters.
The act provided, however, that in the event
of municipal councils not passing by-laws
or issuing licenses in any county there should
be no right of free fishing except over crown
lands and timber lands.

rae eh, a my a betas

ROE. 5.

By an amendment introduced by Mr. —
Hall this act now has been changed so that
all residents of the province shall have the
right to fish in all rivers and lakes and tidal
waters and to cross all uncultivated lands
for the purpose of fishing, unless the owner,
who claims exclusive rights, has obtained a
license from the municipal council.

The municipal councils of both Halifax }
and Queens counties have passed resolutions §§
refusing to issue licenses, and there is no
doubt all the other counties will also refuse.

The photograph of Infant Moose which
appeared in our July number, page 190, was 3
oe

taken by Mr. Ralph Harris of Peace River, —
Alberta, by whom the little account of the
“infants” was also contributed. 9

a y, A)

The Algonquin Provincial Park of Ontario __
is a region of expansive lakes abounding
with the gamest of fish, of hurrying streams, —
primeval forests of pine, spruce and fir, —
where almost every species of ‘Canadian
fauma roams in freedom; cool winds; ideal
camping spots and sylvan retreats—every-

ing, in fact, that is dear to the heart of

e lover of outdoor life. 2,000 feet above
sea level, 285 miles west of Montreal; 170
miles west of Ottawa and 200 miles north of
Toronto. This unspoiled tract of 1,754,473
acres is one of the most attractive play-
grounds of Canada. Unlimited attractive
canoe routes, splendid fishing, purest of air
and great opportunities for the kodak oper-
ator. For those who desire city comforts
in the wilderness there are hotels and Log
Cabin Camps.

Further particulars and illustrated descrip-
tive matter sent free on application to any
Grand Trunk Agent, or Miss Jean Lindsay,
Manager, Highland Inn, Algonquin Park
Station, Ontario.

Mr. Collins LaFortune, of Port Dover,
aged 98, is easily Dover’s premier fisherman
and always gets a gece catch. Hale, hearty,
active, he is one of a family of seven sons,
who have all lived up toward or over the
century mark.

Daniel Cruice, Chicago attorney, told the _
following story at a recent banquet given —
by the Empire State Society of Chicago:
“Everybody knows that Grover Cleveland
came from Buffalo, New York, and that he
was fond of fishing, and that his love for
game often brought him into embarrassing ——
situations.

“When his first infant came he tried to
forget his favorite sport for a few months —
and devote himself to parental responsibili- —
ties. All went well until one day the nurse —
asked for a scale to weigh the child. When
the infant was placed on the scales the nurse
said: ‘Fifty pounds for an infant less than —
six weeks old! This certainly is impossible.’ —
But the nurse was soon calmed by the ex-

lanation given by one of Grover Cleve-
and’s friends, who said: “This is his fish
scale, and not an accurate one designed for
weighing infants.’ ” hi

Mate Sip eR ara aie ene, he pai Neca ah hee fe Mab a

Dae IMME ee ee oe ee BN) enn OO Peete a ad kh ts
ye ROD AND GUN IN CANADA PS gai 9 ee

——>A NEW PREMIUM OFFER <=————q

=
ies
%
]

ow

_ An Opportunity to secure FREE a Beautiful Oil Painting ae

; We have the originals of the oil paintings executed by our cover design

artist, F. V. Williams, during the past year and have decided to give our sub-
scribers the opportunity of securing one of these FREE. Mr. Williams excells
in reproductions of Big Game Hunting, Canoeing, Fishing, Camping, etc. and
his cover designs reproduce with skill and fidelity Canadian outdoor life in its
varied phases.

5s
Your Den’s Attractiveness May Be Greatly Enhanced by One of These: @ ¥
8

The paintings are of generous proportions being 19 in. deep by 14 in. in

width. The reproductions give a hint as to the coloring and quality of the

work but no reproduction can of course compare with the original painting.

The original of any one of the paintings which Mr. Williams has done for us as
. eee as the original of the December and subsequent covers may be procured :
{ y you 4

For Twenty-Five New Subscriptions 3

Look through your fyles for the past year and choose the design that
appeals to you most. Then write us without delay of your selection and at
the same time ask for sample copies and subscription blanks which will be sent
you promptly. Interest your friends in Rod and Gun as a Christmas gift.
You should be able to secure a nice number of subscriptions from sportsmen
who would like to remember their friends by sending them a year’s subscrip-
tion'to ROD AND GUN, Canada’s leading magazine of outdoor life.

Address your application for copies and blanks to

Premium Dept. | Rod and Gun in Canada = Woodstock, Ont.

Tells about the Hudson Bay Company, Northern
Indians and their modes of Hunting, Trapping, etc.

This book contains 277 pages, size 5x7 inches, is printed on good

quality heavy paper and contains thirty-seven chapters, |
The book is from the pen of a Hudson’s Bay Officer (Martin Hunter),
who has had 40 years’ experience with the Hudson’s Bay Company— |
from 1863 to 1903. During that time he was stationed at different
a trading posts in Canada, Price, cloth bound, 60c. Postpaid, 70c.

_W. J. TAYLOR Ltd., PXBUSHER Woodstock, Ont. |

of ee sed a oe oF

464

An international convention for the pre-
servation o
frequent thé North Pacific was concluded

i at Washington in 1911 in time to save the
. fur-bearing sea otter from total extinction.
S, The prohibition lasts until November 1,
a 1920, and should go far to re-establish this
-valuable species, which is to be found in
the Aleutian and Commander Islands and
along the shores of North America, in lower
California, and northern Japan. Between
1873-96 the number of otter skins marketed
from Alaskan waters alone amounted to
58,184. It is the most valuable of all the
fur-producing animals, and its capture is an
arduous moderakine. Since 1888 the catch
in Alaskan waters has been steadily declin-
ing. The Russian Government has long
regulated the killing of the sea otter at Com,
mander Islands. Along the coast of Van
| couver Island the otter fishery was at one
time regarded as one of the most valuable
industries in the Province. The indiscrimin-
ate killing has reduced the sea otter to the
point of extinction, but it is hoped this valu-
able animal will again establish itself in the
old fishing haunts under the protection now
afforded it by the countries interested.

Even in those parts of tropical America
where, as in Columbia, humming birds are
. vastly numerous, says a writer in St. Nicholas,
‘ it is almost impossible for the most experi-
enced naturalist to find their nests. And
this, although, as a rule, they are not hidden
| at all—the feathered builders relying for
. concealment upon the likeness of their tiny
houses to the surroundings amid which they
- are placed. A hummer’s nest always cor-
responds exactly in color with the branch
to which it is attached. It may imitate a
knot or other excressence. Thus the Calliope
humming bird of the Western United States
often builds on a dead pine twig, either upon
or near a cone of similar size and hue.

Usually the nests of humming birds are
cup-shaped or turban shaped, ana their
material is always plant down. Such down,
resembling cottonwood, but of more delicate
fibre, is gathered from the stems of ferns and

other plants. This is woven together with
spiders’ webs into a compact mass. Usually
they ornament the outside of the nest with
small feathers, or lichens, which they obtain
by detaching them from the rocks where these
umble plants grow. These they fasten
with cobwebs all over the exterior of their
tiny house.

When these, wee architects suspend their
nests from leaves or tendrils, they are always
weighted for stability, in order that they
may not be upset by every passing breeze.
For this purpose the bottom is made very

Z thick. But the most remarkable expedient
is that adopted by the hill stars, which dwell
far up near the snow line of the Andes; they
weight the tiny suspended house on the
lighter side with a pebble, to give the proper
balance. There is no question whatever
that this is done, and many of the nests of
such species, preserved in collections, are
, found to containfpebbles.

Sle nee ee
:
» ey

ee a

Ve Aan eee ae
ROD AND GUN I

he fur seals and sea otter which >

; bt ae zt
A new use for dynamite is that ada
me residents of Haddonfield, N. J.
residents of West Haddonfield were for years
tormented by mosquitoes which it was learned
upon investigation, were propagated in —
stagnant pools between the railroad and
Haddon avertue. It was found practically
impossible to drain these to the street gutters,

.

en (ees
-

all we

, hence another method had to be employed i

and it was decided to sink the water into the
ground. A heavy charge of dynamite was
sunk and discharged about twenty feet under
the surface. This caused the pools to disap-
pear in short order and no water has accum-
ulated at this point up to the end of the year.

J. D. A. Evans of Crystal City, Man. writes —
under date of June 26th concerning the
wholesale destruction of fish last winter on a —
well known lake in Southern Manitoba when
waggon loads of pike, etc. were removed from —
the waterways and actually fed to the pigs —
and chickens. Piles of fish were also left

“stacked at the lake bank and were never ©
carried away. High water in the spring re- —
turned the mass of dead fish to the lake. No
fish at the lake this summer is now the com- —
plaint of those who are making this lake a place
of summer resort. ‘ :

The chameleon belongs to the lizard family,
and is a slow, ugly creature, and the last thin
on earth you would think of making a pet of,
yet in spite of its appearance it is quite gentle
and harmless. British soldiers in Egypt keep
these little creatures in their tents and make
pets of them. They have the appearance of a
kind of lizard, only longerin body. The claws
or digits have each five toes, three extended
in one direction and two in another, by which
it grasps the branches of trees, but when these
are too thick it has recourse to its tail which ©
it coils round them while it forces its claws —
into the bark. ;

They are vertiable quick-change artists.

Close to the bodies of eight prospectors
found near Matheson, Ont. during the recent
forest fires was the body of a large bear
with its paw up as if it had been clawi
the air. Nearby a moose was found dead.
A prospector who was able to escape from
another part tells of a wildcat which came and
rubbed up against his legs in friendly fashion
and lay down beside him while it rested and,
took breath.

The international treaty with Canada for
the protection of migratory birds has been
finished by Canada and is now (July 28th) ye
the State department at Washington rea
to transmit at any moment to the Senate
for ratification. A two thirds vote is neces- —

sary.

"
%
vs

In June Dr. Geo. W...Field of Boston dis- —
covered so many wild fowl breeding and rear- —
ing their young in Kansas and Missouri that
these two states were thereby transferred to —
the breeding zone forever. The birds are-
coming back, according to a bulletin issued

by Dr. W. T. Hornaday. % an

Sas
h

[PREMIUMS FOR NEW

We are desirous of adding 1000 new subscriptions to our lists and in order to ac-
complish this we make the following generous offers. ,

. For One New Subscription

A single action, raised pillar, rivetted
; brass reel with click, 80 yds.; A Standard
‘waterproof Bass Line, 10 yds.; A Mackerel
: waterproof line, 25 feet; A Kelso Pearl
Spoon Bait; A Sullivan Hook and Reel
3 Guard; A Williams’ Battery Switch; A
Finger Grip for fishing rods; A Fish Hook
: for Frog Bait; Two Rubber Grips for fish-
ing rods; A Matchless Cigar Lighter.

E,For Two New Subscriptions

A Betzler & Wilson Fountain Pen; A
copy of “‘Radford’s Garages and How to
Build Them”; A Vest Pocket Flashlight;
A Stag Brand Landing Ring; A copy of
Deadfalls and Snares, a book of instruction
for trappers about these and other home
made traps; A Copy of Canadian Wilds,
tells about the Hudson’s Bay Co., Nor-
_thern Indians and their modes of hunting,

| trapping, etc.; A Copy of Steel Traps,
. describes the various makes, and tells how
; to use them, also chapters on care of pelts;
A copy of Camp and Trail Methods; A copy
b of Science of Fishing; A copy of Fox Trap-
SS ping—Tells how to trap, snare, poison and
shoot; A copy of Mink Trapping—Gives
many methods of trapping; A copy of Wolf
and Coyote Trapping; A copy of Science of
Trapping—Describes the Fur _ bearing
| animals, their nature, habits and distribu-
fj tion with practical methods of their
j

capture; A copy of Fur Farming—A book
of aration on raising Furbearing ani-
mals, telling all about enclosures, breeding
feeding, habits, care, etc.; A Grease Gun
manufactured by Miller & Starr; An Oil
/ Gun manufactured by Brown Co.; A Gem
Razor Safety; An American Pedome-
| ter—Regulates to step and registers exact
| distances; A copy of The Camper’s Own
Book (cloth); A copy of “Motor Craft
_ Encyclopedia”; A copy of “The Culture of
- Black and Silver Foxes’—Contains chap-
_ ters on Heredity, Origin, Breeding, Mating
_-and Gestation, Pens and Dens, Food and
A Feeding, Food and Care, Value.

For Three New Subscriptions

A Landing Net manufactured by All-
k, Laight & Westwood; A Line Drying
el; A Pair of Elliott’s Ear Protectors for
ap-Shooters and Sportsmen; Three
ow Decoys, A New Wonder Flashlight.

manufactured by Canadian Electric No-
velty Co., Toronto. Case made of metal’

covered with leatherette; One half dozen |

Stag Brand Rubber Frogs or Froggies;

_ One of Walter’s hand-made axes, handled.

Length of handle, 14 inches; A copy of
Camp Kits and Camp Life.

For Four New Subscriptions }
A pipe—HBB brand; An Automatic
Razor Stropper; A copy of Modern Sport-
ing Gunnery. a /

For Five New Subscriptions
A Tobin Boy Scout Rifle—22 calibre,
short, long or rifle cartridges. Barrel 22
in. long, weight 384 pounds. -

t For Six New Subscriptions

A Minnow Pail manufactured by All-
ee Laight & Westwood; A Thermos

ottle.

For Seven New Subscriptions _
A 10 ft. Fly Rod; A Younger Willow
Chair.

For Eight New Subscriptions
A Conklin Fountain Pen.

For Ten New Subscriptions _
A Frost Improved Kelso Automatic Reel,
capacity 100 yards.

For Twelve New Subscriptions
A Stevens Favorite No. 17 Rifle; One
dozen Cleveland Battery Connectors.

For Thirteen New Subscriptions
A Bait Casting Rod.

For Fifteen New Subscriptions
A Marvel Petit Camera.

For Seventeen New Subscriptions
A Pair of “Witch Elk’ Hunting Boots.

For Twenty-five New Subscriptions
A Handy Tent Cot, manufactured by
Cutten & Fraser, Toronto; A Korona
Petit Camera, size 34% x54, manufactur-
ed by the Gundlach-Manhattan Co.

If you are interested write for sub-
scription blanks, sample copies, etc.

The subscription price of ROD AND
GUN is $1.50 per annum.

SUBSCRIPTIONS

a RN eC iy oy Wea oe ee

*

; i

5

Yi

CANADIAN BIG GAME AT HOME

(SEE PAGE 412 FOR ILLUSTRATIONS)

HE camera bfings the features of big
game and their haunts to our firesides.

All along the Rocky Mountains strange

wild beasts roam in abundance. Many of
them are not familiar to the human eye at all,
but there are others with which every sports-
man is acquainted. Perhaps there is no place
in the Dominion so interesting from the point
of view of the hunter as the Canadian Pacific
Rockies with their majestic snow-capped
peaks, 46 of which are over 11,000 feet high.
At Banff there is a big National Park where
nobody may intrude in pursuit of game, for a
wise Government has decided that big game
must not be hunted indiscriminately, and has
instituted laws for their protection. But out-
side the preserve the hunter is free to enjoy
his sport, and there is plenty of it to be had:
the grizzly bear, mountain goat, wild moun-
tain sheep and lynx take up their abode in
large numbers in these parts. In the open
seasons many a party sets out with guides and
ponies from Banff. The Spring is the best
time to hunt the grizzly bear when his fur is
still thick after the winter’s sleep. Often it is
difficult to bag him but his skin is a trophy
of which any hunter may be proud. It is
a pretty sight to watch a wild goat as he stands
on some cliff seemingly’ admiring the pic-
turesqueness of the landscape that lies be-

A New Brunswick correspondent writes
‘that the run of salmon in the Pocologan
‘stream (a few miles from St. George, N. B.)
is said to be the largest ever. Two returned
soldiers are on guard to prevent illegal netting,
‘ete. This stream was stocked some years
ago by private parties.

The following is quoted from the Code of
Ethics ot the Michigan Wild Lite League:

“Judging trom the rate at which the wild
ereatures oi North America are now being
destroyed, fifty years hence there will be no
large game left in the United States nor in
‘Canada, outside ot rigidly protected game
preserves. It is therefore the duty of every
an citizen to promote the protection of
orests and wild life and the creation ot game
preserves, while a supply ot game remains.
Every man who finds pleasure in hunting or
fishing should be willing to spend both time
and money in active work for the protection
of forests, fish and game.

“In the settled and civilized regions of
North America, there is no real necessity
for the consumption o: wild game as human
food; nor is there any good excuse for the sale
of game for food purposes. The operations
of market hunters should be _ pronibited
everywhere, under severe penallies.

“The highest purpose which the killing of
wild game and game fishes can hereafter be

466

neath him. While in pursuit of the Rocky
Mountain goat the hunter has to take some
serious risks; he has to ascend precipitious
crags, hanging on almost by the skin of his
teeth. The goat can dash along from rock
to rock with the same graceful ease and
velocity as that displayed by a bird travelling
from twig to twig on some adjacent fir tree.
But it is the danger and excitement of the
ait that gives the hunter'the greatest de-
ight.
wild mountain sheep. After feasting himself,
on the lowlands in the grey early morning the
bighorn ascends to the fastnesses of the
mountains. It is almost an impossible task

noise or show himself, for the bighorn is both
timid and observant, and when he is startled
once there is little chance of Sear coming
into close quarters with him. e bighorn’s
flesh is pronounced by epicures to be most
delicious and his horns make very beautiful
ornaments. In its cosy coat of soft ashy grey
fur the lynx seems to be like a cat and he
certainly is of the cat family. He is rather
retty, and though not such a prize trophy
or the sportsman as some of the bigger forest
ey he is always welcome to a rifle
ullet.

made to serve is in furnishing objects to over-
worked men for tramping and camping trips
in the wilds, and the value of wild game as
human food should no longer be regarded as
an important tactor in its pursuit.”

The open air is the greatest disease-prevent-
ing and disease-curing agency known.

In July last the Federal Government of
the United States abandoned its proposed
campaign of extermination of the sharks
that were blockading the Atlantic coast.
The enemy were too numerous, it was decided,
to justify the che One large specimen
capturea was a 15-foot hammer-head shark

hooked by the sailors of the battleship Texas |

It took

while on her way to Newport, R.I.
Three

eight sailors to haul him on board. T
sharks of man-eating size were harpooned
and brought ashore near a crowd of bathers
at Greenport, L.I., on July 17. Two meas-
ured over two feet and the other over seven
feet long.

The largest single catch of fish ever landed :

at a port in the United States was taken
to Gloucester, Mass., in July last, according

to post officials when the trawler “East ©
Hampton” brought in 400,000 pounds which ~

it got off Sambro Bank near Halifax, N.S.,
in less than two weeks. K

It is as difficult to shoot the bighorn or

#
for the hunter to get within range, and ifever _
he does get there he must not make the least — ie

%

7
¢

Se
‘oh

ah

fo eee) RODJAND GUN IN CANADA} (oS Se ie ee

Preserve Your Outing
In an Oil An Ideal Decoration For

Paintin Your Den or Office.

:
:
7

-
Ae

i

fe ta in after years, you and your friends
will take great delight in this permanent
reminder of that pleasant sojourn you
spent in the Canadian wilds—or wherever you
went. Your camera snap-shots have possibly
not done your trip justice. Atanyrate,they 9 -
missed the vivid colorings of the woods, the
sky and the water.

Rod &Gun’s Artist Can Reproduce Your Trip Trueto Life

In Oil, Pen and Ink Sketch, or Wash Drawing.

He can illustratethat incident which stands out prominently in your
memory, just as it actually happened—full of life and action.

i F V WILLI AM Painter of the Out-of-Doors, Designer
a ° ° and Producer of Rod and Gun’s Covers
You know his work—you see it every month He will do this, either from descriptive mat-
on the cover of this magazine. He excels in _ ter furnished by the sportsman, or from _his
reproductions of Big Game Hunting, Canoeing, snap-shots, or better still, from a combina-
Mountain Climbing, Fishing—any and all of _ tion of both. You'll be delighted with the

the vast number of subjects offered by the result and number the picture among your
a great Outdoors. Den’s treasured articles.

Bj Send us the details and photos; we'll turn them over to the artist. He’ll work for
you just as well asfhe does for us. And the price will he moderate. Address—

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

WOODSTOCK, ONTARIO

AUTOMOBILE MOTORS AND MECHANISM

ADDRESS ALL ORDERS TO

W. J. TAYLOR, LIMITED Woodstock, Ontario

ee

OR several years the Indians belonging
Fk to Mus-te-wa-sis band, ie,—Bad ief

_ Child—also a party of Stony Indians,—
Assiniboines, who belong to the Indian Re-
serves in the vicinity of Shell River, some
cS forty miles W. N. W. of Prince Albert and
Sandy Lake, had noticed whilst hunting,
Grizzly Bear tracks; in fact some of them
declared they had seen the bear but were
afraid to shoot it.—hence they were afraid to
hunt in the vicinity of what has been called
Grizzly Bear Hill—the old name being, “the
Buffalo Lookout or signalling Hill.

Game of all Kinds, large and small besides
valuable fur bearing animals increased con-
siderably and through fear of the Grizzly
Bear, this district virtually became a protect-
ed Game preserve. Many wonderful stories
of Indian bravery, and thrilling hair breadth
escapes from certain death, were freely nar-
rated,—mostly imaginary, but nevertheless

THE HIDE OF THE GRIZZLY NOW IN MB. R.
Cc. W. LETT’S POSSESSION

GRIZZLY BEAR CU

W.C.

~w~ao

Athy, ie
ae | Kd

eg
King

believed by the narrators who were considered __
to be * braves” or warriors of the first degree. _

By chance an old Indian from the Sioux
reserve, who was a visitor at the Sandy Lake >
reserve, not knowing about the reported ,
dangers likely to be encountered when hunting
in the vicinity of ‘“‘Buffalo Lookout Hill,’
went off hunting for Wood Deer, as is cus-
tomary, alone. Finding some fresh spores —
or Deer tracks, which after meander

bear in an opening within twenty yards or

so of him. As quick as a flash he fired. His —
ball pierced the brain of the bear, who fell —
dead in his tracks. Reloading his gun, the
hunter then went to examine the animal that _

he had shot. ‘Lo and behold,” it was the
celebrated and much feared Grizzly Bear.
He did not go close to examine or touch it,
but hastened back to the reserve, called a
council of braves, told his blood curdling
adventure, and how he overcame the Grizzly,
without a scratch to himself.

The whole Reserve—the Chief “Muste- —

wa-sis’’, his three wives,—family, including ;
dogs, and ““Sha-ga-na-pie ponies —en masse,
well armed, guns, rifles, axes, spears, etc.—
went to the scene of the battle. } ,

On the arrival at the scene or place of en-
counter,—other animals were noticed walking
around. Immediately the whole band scat-
tered and quickly returned to the reserve and
barracaded their houses or log shacks, keep-—
ping up a contirual drumming and hooting
all night, with an occasional gun shot. Nothing
fearful happened during the night, so the next
day all the men, some fifty, more or less, and
our “‘Hero’’, well painted and adorned with
rags and feathers, proceeded in well laid out
battle array. Eventually they arrived at the
scene of the death of the Grizzly. The herd
of many ferocious and savage Grizzly Bears
collected around the dead body of their com-
rade—by closer and careful inspection, turned —
out to be—‘‘two dear little, two weeks old
Grizzly Bear Cubs.’’.

The hide of the baby Grizzly written of
by Mr King, for many years a Hudson Bay
factor, now adorns the den of Mr. R. C. W. ~
Lett, Tourist and Colonization Agent, Grand
Trunk Railway, Winnipeg, Man. Mr. Lett? @
would be glad to know if any of the readers of
Rod and Gun have records of Grizzly bemg
taken_ as far east of the Rockies as Prince —
Albert, Sask. The bear in Mr. King’s story —
was killed north west of Prince Albert..

468

And Motorcyclists

on the market

Works are almost indispensable !to—

Buy one or all—

While technical, are Written in Simple Language.

-

kt Books Published |

For Automobilists

) Eight Complete and Distinct Works

frrespective of price, the following publications are the greatest values of their kind .

OWNERS. STUDENTS, OPERATORS, |BUILDERS, SALESMEN or REPAIRMEN.

IN THE COMPLETE SERIES THERE/ARE 350 PAGES OF TEXT, 1,000 ILLUS-
TRATIONS AND 24 FULL PAGE CHARTS.

Practical and convenient works of

reference. Used as part of Standard Courses at leading Automobile Schools in the United
States. Approved and recommended by many of the leading American motor car makers

and their agents.

these works.

The A. B. C. of Motor Car Operation ...... On Oran 50c
The A. B.C. of Internal Combustion Engine, Mainten-
SRRMEEN RAB MNOONS UIEEE SS Go iF o e Aca dle din gi 'ok Wiese aso. aanisiatss 25c
The A. B. C. of Magneto Ignition Systems ............ 15c
The A. B.C of Battery Ignition Systems.............. 25c
The A. B. C. of Aerial Navigation, a work that is
ME eAR Gi still Lo Dison Gatyly CR Arnley aula Aatee dia 6 50c

(In this book, the Engineering Science as applied to Construction
of Aerial Craft and the Essential Principles Governing Aviators are
Summarized).

Address all orders to

J. J. TAYLOR, LTD., Publisher, Woodstock,

This recommendation is a guarantee of the educational ‘value of

Ontario

FOR SALE, WANT AND

EXCHANGE DEPT.

ACCESSORIES
FOR SALE—Set of Electric automobile lamps, two side
and one tail. Never been used. Box L. ROD AND GUN
Woodstock, Ontario. TF

ANTIQUE FIREARMS

ANTIQUE pistols, blunuerbus-
ses, cross bows,, fine perfect.
Armour, swords, daggers. No

catalog. Good photos. State
requirements. len, The Fa-
cade, Charing Cross, London,
Eng. 12 2T

BOATS AND CANOES.

FOR SALE—16 foot, 31 inch beam, 12 inch depth canoe,
elose rib, metallic joint, basswood, half-round ribs 1 1-8 in-

ches epert. Copper fastened, varnished imside and out. .

All oak gunwales. Weight about 65 lbs. This canoe is
absolutely new. For price, etc., write box E. Rod and Gun,
Woodstock, Ont. tf

BIRDS AND ANIMALS.
FOR SALE—Best quality ranch raised mink, also

Canada wild geese. Nelson Waldron, Tyne Valley, Prince
Edward Island. * J 6T

FERRETS—Eather color, large or small, singles, pairs,

or doz.lots. C.H. Keefer & Co., Greenwich, Ohio. 9-1T
FERRETS—$3.00; $30.00 a dozen; skunk hunters
$4.00; hunting dogs. Stamp please. Dalton, Wells-
e, Ohio. 9-1T

FOR SALE—Live Decoys, Malcord Wild Ducks, good

Callers get may for your fall shooting, $2.50 pair, $3.50
trio. Mrs. O. R. Pearce, (Legwee Bay Club), Chatham,
Ont. (Box 164). 9-1T

DOGS.

FOR Siete ga pe moat high class Irish Water
ere 5 months old, by Champion Imported Bally-
er Mike ex Lady Venus she litter sister to Hooker Oak
Hogan, winner at the last San Francisco Show. What
ter do you want. Get busy. Guaranteed. H. R.
French, Wetaskiwin, Alta.

FOR SALE—Splendid Llewellin. English, Irish, Gordon
setter pups and trained dogs, pointers, spaniels and re-
trievers in pups and trained dogs. Enclose stamp for
description. Thoroughbred Kennels, Atlantic, Iowa. tf

FERRETS and high class pedigreed English Beagle pups.
Stamps forreply. L. W. Murray, Harrow, Ont. 9-1T

TRAINED HOUNDS—Norwegian bearhounds,
Irish wolf hounds , Blood hounds, Foxhounds,
Deer, Cat, Wolf and Coon dogs. Absolute guar-
antee, trial allowed, purchaser alone to judge, no
questions asked, money refunded. Fifty-page
illustrated catalogue five-cent stamp. Rookwood
Kennels, Lexington, Ky. 12 tf

The Blue Grass Farm Kennels of Berry, Ky., offer for
sale setters and pointers, fox and cat hounds, wolf and deer
hounds, coon and opossum hounds, varmint and rabbit
hounds, bear and lion hounds. Also Airedale terriers.
Al} dogs shipped on trial, purchaser alone to judge the
ae Satisfaction guaranteed, or money refunded.

6 page illustrated, instructive and interesting catalogue for
ten cents in stamps or coin. 7tf

_ ATREDALES—Now is your chance to get a good puppy,
either sex, fully registered, and satisfaction guaranteed or
money refunded. Werunallrisk, From $15 up, Dufferin
Kennels, Shelburne, Ont.

Advertisements will be |
inserted in this Department [|
at 4c. a word. Send re
mittance with order. Copy
should not be later than
the 10th of the month.

BOOK O™

DOG DISEASES
And How to Feed

Mailed free to any address by
America’s the Author

Pioneer H. CLAY GLOVER CO., Inc.
Dog Remedies | 118 West 31st Street, New York

MANGE Eczema, ear. canker, _goitre, cured r r
money refunded; Prepai $1.25. Ecz q
Remedy Co., Hot Springs, Ark., U.S.A. 2127

MINERALINE—A thoroughly tested remedy for —
mange eczema and ear canker, Price 50c. prepaid, -
Concordia Kennels, Concord, Mass. 3T

AIREDALES FOR, SALE—£xception high
uppies ready for celery sire, Stormy-Weather, dam,
opsy-Turvy. Write for booklet if interested. B Wel-
bank, Quill Lake, Sask. ,

FOR SALE—American Fox Hound Paps black and |
tan, good running strain, price $10.00. pply to BE. dn 4
Turpin, Box 13, Colborne, Ont. 9-1T

FOR SALE—Imported Beagle Dog, four years old, —

ood on rabbits, has hunted deer 2 seasons, $35.00. Also

errier Dog, 2 years, good on deer, $15.00. C. Farrow,
8 Edward St., Toronto.

FOR QUICK SALE—Fox, coon, and rabbit hound, 4.
years old; $10.00 if sold at once. Jas. A. Glabb, Wood-
stock, Ont. 921T

Foxhounds, rabbit dogs, coon dogs, yeu ee grown
Sy at lowest prices. r. W. Probst, Box 60, pa 8
nt. ,

FOR SALE—English Setter Bitch, one year old, partly
broken. Reason for selling, no pe) ay for two years,
price $15.00. Apply Albert Staddon, R. R. No. 1, Kings-
ville, Ontario. 9-1T

No. 1 Fox and Deer Hound, rabbit proof, 4 years eld.
W. O. Dixon, Chesterville, Ont. 9-1T

FOR SALE—6 Foxhounds, broken on Deer, Fox and
Rabbits, prices $10 to $20. 2 Boston Terrier Dogs, one —
year old, 1 Brood Bitch, 2 years, in whelp to Champion.
CH. Ross, Waterloo, Ont. }

ENGINES AND LAUNCHES.

FOR SALE—Marine Engines, two cycle, two, three and
four cylinder, also 2 cylinder 4 cycle. All new. Write for
further particulars’stating horse power required, to box L.
ROD AND GUN, Woodstock, Ont. TF

FOR SALE—23ft. Semi-speed launch, beam 4 feet
3 inches, finished ready for engine. This is a new launch,
now ready for delivery. For further Pets: etc.,
write Box F. Rod and Gun, Woodstock, Ont. tf

FOR SALE—Semi Speed Square, or Round Tra
and Compromise stern Hulls, finished ready for en
to 30 ft. length. New. Will sell cheap. Box A. Rod
Gun in Canada. Weodstock, Ont. /

FISHING TACKLE.

NAUTO AUTOMATIC BAIT (Guise Pat.) Any pu
preferring the New Registered “‘Nauto’’ Tail Spi
Model (which is giving great satisfaction) can have his
one replaced if returned within a reasonable time.

GUSTO COMPANY, 28 HARCOURT AVE., TORON’

aN a < i

new. Will sell yl Box L. Os
Woodstock, Ont.

MAKE YOUR OWN FLIES to fish with. Let me show
ou how. Write W. R. Taylor, 16 ave. East Burnaby,
lew Westminster, B. C. 81T

rd

GU
FOR SALE—Brand New ot Model Winchester Auto-
age shot gun. Six shots, soley oe stock, full
: egular $55. Will sell for $42. Guaranteed in
as perfect condition as the day it left the factory. Box 70,
_ Rod and Gun, Woodstock, Out.

_ _GUNNERS—A BARGAIN.—Mullins_ sheet metal
; *‘Bastle Duck Boat,” 46 inch beam, 14 ft. jong say stand-
ards for attaching grass blinds, 1 pair oars, 1 dle, 1 pole,
canvas wale and keeper, also two-wheele pa for con-
we at. Everything is new shape. Cost over $50.00,
sell for $30.00. 1 doz. Mallard, 1 doz. Redhead,

20 Blue Bill wood decoys, carved and ae ainted py a profes-
sional, absolutely in new condition. alf males and fe-
les. Price 65 cents each. The duck shooter nahies
bargain will buy these now. Robt. Hodgson, Raglan, Ont.

SPECIALS.

FOR SALE—One of the best known wholesale and retail
bait manufacturing businesses in America. Hundreds
_ of dollars worth of orders on hand. Will sell for less than
profits. A few hundred dollars placed in this business will
pay wi No time to answer curiosity seekers, so do not
answer unless you are prepared to act if proof is furnished.
Lock Box No. 241, Stanwood,lIowa.

FOR SALE—Waterproof clothin consistin of ladies

Jackets, — and boys’ sizes, omen’s aicirts, isi

and men’s hats. All new. Will sell
and Gun, Woodstock, Ont.

FOR BIG GAME HUNTING AND ALPINING in the
mountains of Central British Columbia; by pack train.

You are sure of good sport in my section. ie La Salle,
Mountaineer, Hunter ad Guide. McBride, B. C. 25T

_ G. M. SKINNER’S
FAMOUS FLUTED SPOON BAITS

100 Varieties and Sizes

"$end for Catalog No. 47 CLAYTON, N.Y.

cheap. Box rae

\

Fisherman and Hunter.

436 Pages. Pocket Size.

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

Vv. J. TAYLOR, LTD., Publisher

'

ECZEMA—

rheumatism, neuralgia, stiff joints, itching piles: cur
money refunded. Write for particulars. a> $1 ‘2s.
Eczema Remedy Company, Hot Springs, Ark.

FOR SALE—Several Beers Thermostats. This is
automatic apparatus for opening and closing the dampieial
your furnace, hot water heater, or steam boiler, at exactly
the moment when they should be opened or closed. thus
keeping the temperature of your house uniform through
every hour of the day and night. Savescoal. Saves worry.
These Thermostats can be installed by anyone whg can
handle a hammer. screw driver and auger. Write for fur-
one particulars to Box L., ROD AND GUN, Woods

n

FOR SALE—Finest speckled trout eggs, fr f
etc., at the private hatc -, of Dr. A
Creek, Caledon. Address, A

SPECIALS

Psoriasis, cancer, goitre, tetter, old

, fingerlings,
obinson, Silver
. R. Robinson, Claude, Ont.

TAXIDERMY AND TANNING

FOR SALE—Pair white swans, fully mounted. Will
re ere! for cash. Box L., ROD AND GUN, Woodstoek

FOR SALE—Moose Head, fine specimeh excellent con-
Lets Apply Box L., ROD AND GUN,

FOR SALE—Handsome Moose Head. Apply Box T.
ROD AND GUN, Woodstock, Ont. TF

FOR SALE—Mounted Elk, Caribou, black and white
tail deer, Rocky Mountain sheep and goat and bear heads.
Beautiful specimens, newly mounted b myself. Write
me for full particulars. Edwin Dixon, Canada’s ae
Taxidermist, Unionville, Ontario.

FOR SALE—Two large mounted moose heads, 54 and 50
inches spread of horns, ead of the highest class, perfect
in every way. No better ornament obtainable for a
pacts a s office, home or club. Edwin Dixon, are

ermist, Unionville, Ontario. 1TF

Mounted Moose Heads

in excellent condition

Box 41, Rod and
WOODSTOCK, ONTARIO

Bargain for quick sale.
Gun, - -

For Every Camper—Fisherman—Hunter

THE WAY OF THE WOODS

A Manual for Sportsmen in North-Eastern
United States and Canada. .

By EDWARD BRECK

‘a Re one Field Manual intended to form a part of the kit of every Camper,

It contains concise, thorough and authoritative information on
every subject connected with life in the Woods, such as Outfitting, Fishing, Shooting,
Canoeing, Tenting, Trapping, Photography, Cooking, Hygiene, Etc.

“Excellent practical directions and advice.”’"—N. Y. Sun.
80 Illustrations.

Price $1.75 Post Paid.
- Woodstock, Ont.

sores, catarrh, dandruff, sore = ;

—

BL NB OER CR Rea ee
CHAP. I.—A RETROSPECT ....... 1

CHAP. II.—MODERN SHOTGUNS.. 22
Barrels, Actions, Fore-end Fasten-
ing. Locks—fixed and hand de-
tachable.

CHAP. III.—_MODERN SHOTGUNS
a ey Sl BSE Sis 43
afety-bolts, Ejector, One-Trigger ..

CHAP, IV.—MODERN SHOTGUNS
( Continued )
The Processes of Manufacture and
The Gun Complete.

CHAP. V.—MODERN SHOTGUNS
POSER EA TATIOGL Pot we wink on 4 emo’ a0 vinlein' 92
Sizes, Lengths, Weights and Char-
ges, Boring, Shooting-Power and
Performances, Pattern, Penetration
and Recoil.

CHAP. VI.—SHOTGUN AMMUNI-
MRAOIS EP ich Sad tbat asl Daun ee aces 121
Cartridges and Cartridge-Loading,
Primers, |. Gunpowder, Powder
Pressures, and Barrel Bursts. Shot
Velocity and Sizes.

CHAP. VII.—MODERN SPORTING

Bern GES 6650 sl hase een eee 162
CHAP. VIII.—MODERN SPORTING
RIFLES ( Continued) ............
Single-loading, Magazine, and
biouble Riflesiie. soc Sa its ee cee 191

ROD AND GUN IN. CANADA

Modem Sporting =
» ae .

A Manual of Practical Information
For Sportsmen of Today

CHAP. IX.—THE NEW ACCELER- arinanes: The Sport to be Ob- a |

ATED EXPRESS RIFLES AND tained; Arms Suitable for Killing l|

FAST Eee PO WIDER 250s fu eves tok A a Big Game. : i)
Will be sent postpaid on receipt of price, $2.00 > ie

Address: BOOK DEPT., ROD AND GUN IN CANADA, WOODSTOCK, ONT.

7; Bras

ai ; Solas

7 Me

’

|

i

. 1

: }}
|

By Henry Sharp - a

Author of ‘The Gun A field gu Afloat,” ‘Practical Wildfowling,’’ -Etc.

WITH OVER 250 ILLUSTRATIONS

CHAP. X%—BALL AND SHOT
eee AND THEIR DEVELOP-

CHAP. XI.—THE SIGHTING OF
RIFLES 256

ee te ee ee ee

Trajectory.

CHAP. XII.—SPORTING
LETS

BUL-
oo sis Sele e te ep ode oe an 295

|

|

1

Be

CHAP. XIII.—MINIATURE RIFLES | .

|

|

i

|

FOR MATCH, TARGET AND
SPORTING PURPOSES.......... 322
CHAP. XIV.—GUN-FITTING ..... 355

The Try-Gun and its Uses, Stock
Form and Measurements. Second-

hand Gun-Buying.-

CHAP. XV.—GAME SHOOTING IN
GREAT BRITAIN 373

ee |
CHAP XVI.—WILD FOWL SHOOT- — |
ING IN GREAT BRITAIN 410
The Various |

Loads.

CHAP. XVII.— THE SPORTS-
WOMAN; HER RATIONALE IN
THE FIELD AND HER EQUIP-
MENT ..2.5 2253 ts, iene 430

eee een

Species, Guns and

FIEL iH
(By the Duchess of Bedford ). : i

CHAP. XIX.—SHOOTING ABROAD446 |]
The Necessary Armament; The ~ +. fi
Import Duties on Guns, Rifles and }

_

“The Light That Saved”?

W. T. TAYLOR. LIMITED

~——IN

FEV. Wiliams

DIT RI TLUupep

eT iin tt

ML

5 eee

“ihe Wease or A Tent

For Hunters, Prospectors and Canoeists

ORE than convenient—easy to carry, requiring no

M poles—any old pick-up will do. _ Light in weight—not

bulky—tits in any old place. Just such a tent you~

_ have often wished to own—a tent that you can pile out and

erect in two minutes, on the side of a-lake or anywhere in

the woods where ropes are used as shown in the illustration.
HERE is a sod-cloth that is specially made for this tent which |

ah may be included at time of purchase if thought necessary—

the price for same is ten cents per lineal “foot measuring ©
around the tent.

WRITE FOR OUR “CATALOGUE DE LUXE” OF ‘Kk
THOUSAND AND ONE THINGS FOR CAMPERS’ USE.

MART - OO De
Li Me ETE DS = CA NAD AG
OTTAWA - TORONTO - MONTREAL - WINNIPEG

TS

SNM

<0 0 ES

= i

a
i

VOLUME XVIII

Woodstock, Ontario, October, 1916

Publishers are warned not to reprint contents, whollp or in part, without full credit attached.

OCTOBER CONTENTS

The Outlaw H. C. Haddon 473 —
A Bull of Triple Creek Ray Giddings, 478 ©
He Was ‘a Tenderfaot .... oj... 2s cccatectesed Pere sees fe Ser ee BAS, E. J. McVeigh 485
On The Trail of the Wounded Bull Moose W. Edwin Troup 488
me Paste Dial Saved. .02 0. ts, erie Nasi don chant Lac chiens cin dto s Wan Wee
Pheasant Shooting in Lincoln County, Ont Jas. S. Culp 493
BRIE aR REDE =. sb neh el eee AEN Nya: FO ba OU OL ae rr
Matters: Pertaming ‘To Gonservations 305.05 o.. bjs. ho xs ee ee
Fishing Notes Robert Page Lincoln 499
A First Canoe Trip J. B. Benson 517
Nova Scotia Guides’ Association Meet Jack Learment 521
Alpine Club of Canada 526
mirdy,s Pishing at ‘Crow dake lh cod cakes ceae on dmed espace, ae
Hunting Season Lillian Waters McMurtry 530
Guns and Ammunition 532
540
. Edward Booth 546
A. M. Nicol % 548
P. W. Parkinson. 550
Edward T. Martin 554

“TSM Rao GE SS eat Oo tine ae NE Rn eh ne
Our Letter Box

SUBSCRIPTION PRICE to any address in Canada, Great Britain or in the United States $1.50
foreign countries 50c extra. Single copies 15 cts. All subscriptions are payable in advance.

REMITTANCES should be made by P. O. or express money orders, bank checks i ed
letters ; if by check, exchange must be included. of eae

CHANGE OF ADDRESS. When a change of address is ordered, both the new and the old
addresses must be given.

THE ADDRESS LABEL, shows the date to which subscription is paid.
' ADVERTISING RATES and sample copies sent on application.

Communications on all topics pertaining to sahing. canoeing, yachting, the kennel, amateur
hotography and trapshooting will be welcomed and published if possible. All communications must
€ accompanied by the name of the writer, not necessarily for publication, however.

Rod and Gun in Canada does not assume any responsibilit + for, or necessarily endorse, any views

expressed by contributors to its columns.
Published by W. J. TAYLOR, LTL., WOODSTOCK, ONT.
—Branch Offices—
New York, London, England
373 Fourth Ave. Grand Trunk Bldgs.
Cockspur St.

Entered Feb. 17, 1908 at the Post Office at Buffalo, N.Y., as second-class matter under Act of
March 8, 1908.

12 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA je

SN: SN ZI IESS |i

Vi

Have a No. 33 i

For Bait Casting. "i

a lighter, more elegant model. Weighs about 8 4

ounces and comes in 6 lengths, 4 ft., to 61% ft. vs,
The agates are selected with the greatest care. PJ
Fitted with 3 narrow agate casting guides and i
special design offset tip. Double cork handle, RN
121% in. long, with detachable finger hook. Ps
Handle trimmings in new electroplate finish, 4
more durable and very rich in appearance. Price
$12.00. 38 other styles of ‘‘Bristol’’ Steel Fish- fj
ing Rods for bait casting, fly casting, trolling or [A
bait fishing. From $3.50 to $25.00 each. If
your dealer cannot supply you with the rod you
want, order from us, from catalogue. at catalogue
prices. ij
FREE CATALOGUE giving complete de-
scriptiouwtls, illustrations, prices, etc., sent on i
reauest Mail a postal card to-day. ui!

7slol— |

?e

' TRADE MARK REG U.S. PAT. OFF

The Prize Winning Rods

;
|
The superiority of ‘‘Bris- |f
{. 132 1b. Snook, on ‘‘Bris- tol’? Steel Fishing Rods is jp
tol’? Telescopic Rod by a proven fact—proven
A. H. Shuff, Ancon,|Canal every season by hundreds |
Zone. and hundreds of fishermen ff
2.7% Ib. Land locked —many of whom own 3, |
Salmon on ‘Bristol’ Rod 4,5 and even as many ff
by Allen Pierce, in Range- as 10 different ‘‘Bristol’’
ley Lake, Me. Rods with records of prize
3.10 lb. ‘Muskie’ on catches. The snap, re-
“Bristol” Rod’ by Wm. siliency, and ‘‘Stand-up’’
Donnelly, Bristol, Conn. qualities of ‘‘Bristol’’ Rods
1. Pike on “‘Brisiol’’ Rod under unusual strains
by Edw. A. Ash, Chicago, make them the reliable
Ill. rod to carry—always. Ev- |
ery rod guaranteed 3 years, |

THE HORTON MFG. CO.,
32 Horton Street, bs Hit Bristol, Conn.

Also Manufacturers of the famous Meek Reels and
Blue Grass Reels.

wy,
is

2 7A

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Any

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Sasa WH Sr AEE

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‘tia

THE OUTLAW

H.C. Haddon

|W
Where the Trail Begins.
ROM a cave among the rocks
F that strewed the side of the gul-
ley, a huge she wolf appeared,
warily, stealthily, as all wolves leave
their dens. If you had been watch-
ing the den very carefully the first
thing you would have noticed would
have been the mother wolf’s green
eyes glowing like live coals deep in
the gloom of the cave. For a min-
ute she stood there asking the wind
a thousand questions ; and then sud-
denly, like a shadow, she had moved
out of the den and away from it, and
stood to one side, her colour blend-
ing so wonderfully with the lichen
gray of the rocks that she was almost
invisible. Again her keen nose ques-
tioned the breeze, apparently find-
ing satisfaction in the message it
brought her, for she permitted her-
self the luxury of stretching off the
drowsiness that still clung to her.
Starting with her fore paws she work-
ed the toes of each until the whole
foot was wide awake ; and next her
shoulder muscles until her deep chest
Was almost touching the ground.
Then she leaned her whole body for-
ward, and extended her hind legs,
first one and then the other, until
the stiffness was worn out of them
also.
A yawn and a shake, and she was
ready for the business of the day.
She went off down the gulley, stop-

uy i
Oa

ping every now and again as differ-
ent objects attracted her attention.
Here a loose fluttering feather was
smelt ; again further on she sniffed
enquiringly at a mouse ‘hole, even
giving it a few desultory scratches
with her fore paws before passing on.

At the end of about an hour the
she wolf returned to her den. She
herself had dined on a jack rabbit, and
a prairie dog that had ventured too
far away from his hole, and now
she held another rabbit in her jaws.
When, she was close to the mouth .
of the den the she wolf gave a little
whining cry, and at the sound of it
the pups came tumbling out to meet
her. ‘here were four in the litter—
three of them just as alike as pups
could be—but the fourth had a pe-
culiar white stripe running from the
back down the side of one shoulder.

The she wolf tossed the rabbit
among them with a quick jerk of
her head, and instantly they seized
it, pulling and tugging and biting at
it. In an increditably short space
of time there was nothing left but a
few scattered bunches of fur: And
each of these little patches ‘of fur
had to be examined by each of the
cubs before they were perfectly sat-
isfied that nothing more still remain-
ed that was in any way eatable.
Then, while the she wolf sat upon
a small flat rock, with her big bushy
tail curled around her fore paws, the
cubs played among themselves. Very

+ af)

iy

"7 A od
iy oan

ao
—
al

e,
’

a

A

gawk
and t eir heads seemed to be too big
to be in proportion to the rest of
their body. And what games they
played at! They uld rise up on
their hind legs, and fall upon each
other, biting and growling with mock
| ferocity. The long fore paws were
used a great deal too, and with cun-
ning little blows they would roll one
another over and over among the
little loose rocks.

In watching their antics you could
not help but be struck by one thing,
and that is the wonderful mastery
that any wild animal has over its
young. Now and again one of the
cubs would stray too far away fro
his companions. Instantly the she
wolf would raise her head, and watch
the cub intently. There was no
sound uttered that human ears could
hear, but the cub would cease his
investigations, and return instantly
to his companions.
ip Aaother thing that was _ notice-
able was that the male wolf was
never permitted to see the pups. A
huge beast, he would sometimes come
to the vicinity of the den with a
rabbit or bird, or now and again an
i antelope fawn, but the she wolf al-
ways seemed to sense his coming, and
would meet him about a hundred
yards from where the cubs lay hid-
den. If he attempted to come any
nearer she would snarl and show her
teeth and stand him off. The male
wolf always accepted her word as
Jaw on the subject, and I have no
e doubt that she was right, for wolves,
in common with foxes and cats—
;

u
é
‘
‘
5

“i

lg Fe ee ey
a a _
Sad

indeed with most wild male ani-
mals, have a disgusting habit of kill-
ing their own progeny when they
find them unprotected. It is for
this reason that most mother ani-
mals search out a den for themselves,
and never allow the males to come
anywhere near it.

Still, in spite of this the male wolf
was quite solicitous for the she wolf’s
welfare. There. were many days
when he would bring home the most
of the food—grouse and rabbits for
the most part, and often times a
bunch of rats hanging from his mouth
by their tails. And there were many
(teo many!) irregular chunks of meat

and long-legged they were, “that had once

carefully stalking a big hopper they —

Jian

Re
nond
Live a

borne the —
K_ brand. Bah |:

Soon, even with this extra food
there was not enough to satisfy the — 4
clamorous appetite of the growing ~~
cubs. And then, on bright sunny
afternoons, and in the early summer
twilight the she wolf would lead |
them out to take their first lessons
in hunting. Very marvellous lessons
they were, too, because they were
the beginning of that vast volume of
knowledge that every wolf carries 4
round in his head. Nor did the cubs —
start in to catch calves, or even
rabbits in these, their first lessons.
Indeed for days at a time they hunt-
ed game no larger or more ferocious _
than grasshoppers and beetles ; and
until they had learnt the why and —
the way of it they lost many more
than they caught. The she wolf did —
not seem to do any actual teaching. —
Instead she would lead the pups to |
some place where the grass was not —
too high, and then settle herself
down comfortably, always keeping
one eye on the cubs as they went
tearing and rushing after grasshoppers
that always managed to elude them.
But this was only at first, for it was
astonishing how quickly the cubs
learnt that even grasshoppers are
not exactly anxious to be caught.
After the first few wildly delirious.
days of madness and freedom their
age-old instinct began to teach them,
and they learnt that the way to catch
a grasshopper is, firstly, to locate
your game, and then creep near
enough to be able to spring right on
to it—and even then you are not
always certain to catch it!

The she wolf must have smiled
many times at the ludicrous ex-
pression on their faces, when after

would spring, and land—and then, —
after all, see the juicy mouthful jump —
right up from between their paws —
and go click clicking away in the —
bright sunshine. Later on in the ~
year, when calves and cows, and —
even horses were being killed almost —
daily, one finds it hard to believe ©
that these great gray wolves with
muscles like tireless springs, and jaws”
like steel traps had once upon a time

rte ee
rs Ta i

at hunting grasshoppers.
- But if the cubs had gone straight

from mother’s milk to calf hunting
the toll of the wolf packs would not
be so heavy. It is only because
the wolf is proficient in every branch
of hunting that he lives and flourish-
es despite all that the ingenuity of
man can devise for his destruction.
Though the cubs knew it not, they
were learning all the time, and the
lessons that they gleaned from hunt-
ing grasshoppers would be uselful
to them all their lives.

After a while the she wolf took
the cubs down among the cotton-
woods that grew beside the river.
| Here, on the ground were many

broken branches of trees and odd
bits of driftwood that had been wash-
ed up and left there by the river.
Among this the grass grew tall and
thick, and through it and among
it were the trails and runways of
countless mice. Here the cubs learn-
; ed a new method of hunting—and
learned also that mice are slightly
: harder to catch than grasshoppers.
But they progressed quickly, because
they had the value of their earlier
training, and also because there was
more business and not so much play
-n their hunting than there used to
Bh be. By now they were getting no
a, nourishment from the she wolf—
indeed that source of supply had
been denied to them for some time.
They learnt to use their nose more,
too, and to force their jaws to act
as quickly as lightning. For the
only way to catch a mouse is to
_ be quicker than he is—and_ those
_ mice among the driftwood were very
much like flying shadows, and almost
as hard to catch.

grown monstrously, and began to

To be sure, the pack was always
_ more or less collected, or within easy
reach, but each of the cubs relied
_ more on their own initiative. There
was food in plenty—young grouse
_ and rabbits, and fat gophers and
_ chipmunks that had not yet learnt
_ sufficient wisdom.

; “i j 7 set ates ie ’ :
Nate Le TAP ee ost Ly Precin ) a” Ne i \ ie ED
aded cubs that played first snowflakes

oH _ By late summer the cubs had

gan to tackle beef. .
It was about this time that ev
one you met would tell you 1
“there were lots of wolves on the —
range this year.” There was no ~
doubt that they were increasing— —
much to Dick’s disgust. I have occas —
sionally wondered what Dick would
have done or said or thought if he ©
had known that I had often watch- —
ed that litter of wolf pups in the
gulley, and had seen odd glimpses —
of their life as they grew to early,
maturity—and then let them escape
unharmed after all. Though I own-
ed a half share in the Diamond K —
ranch I could never bring myself —
to regard wolves with Dick’s almost
fanatical hatred. Much harm they —
undoubtedly do, for the gray wolf
has this failing. Unlike his poor
relation the coyote he is no eater of
offal. He likes his meat fresh, and
he likes to kill it himself. His motto
is ’’The best is good enough for me” —
—and he sees that he gets it.) Them
weaklings in the herd, the old and
the infirm—these are not the gray
wolf’s choice. He prefers yearlings
and baby beef, and that is why he
is so universally hated. Yet, despite
all this I found great pleasure in
watching that litter of pups grow
up and learn some of the tricks that
every wolf must know. Don’t mis-
understand me, I am not cham= 7a

or

pioning the gray wolf. Far from it. K
I know (oh those dead calves!) that
he is a desperado and an outlaw,
and that his extermination would ei

be the best thing in the world for
cattlemen. Which is much easier
said than done, by the way!

And yet those innocent puppy days,
ae the den in the rock strewn gul-
ey!

It was quite impossible to keep
track of all the four cubs, of course.
There were quite a few packs on
the range by now, and one cub was
very much like another. But, as
I have told you, one of the cubs from
the den in the gulley had been mark-
ed with a white stripe on his shoul-
der—and a wolf so marked was easily
kept track of. It is surprising when
you have a wolf that you can identify, .
to discover what tremendous roam- ae

476
ers they are. For instance, several
times I would see the striped wolf
ten or fifteen miles north of the
ranch, and the next day Dick would
report seeing hina similar distance
to the south—and would curse most
elegantly because he had been un-
able to get a shot at it. We were
losing more or less stock steadily all
the winter, and the time for senti-
ment had ceased. The snow drifted
too much for traps, and we soon
proved poison to be impracticable.
So we invested in a bunch of good
dogs, and with the coming of less
severe weather I looked forward to
some of the finest sport in the warld.

And then, with the coming of
spring came also private troubles, and
I had to go back East to try and fix
them up. Lawsuits are notoriously
slow, and I was away all the sum-
mer. Dick had moderate success
with the dogs, but his letters were
always full of the same subject, and
told the same story. There were
still lots of wolves left—including
“that darned striped wolf.’’ Good
luck to you, stripes, for keeping out
of Dick’s way so long! You must
be a ‘fine’ big wolf by now, and I
would like mightily to get a glimpse
of you again.

II.
The End of the Trail.

It was fall before I rode back to
the Diamond K ranch, and glad
I was to see it again. After the
stuffy misery of grey cities the
clear fresh air of the foothills was like
a draught of wine. And the great
sweeps of open silent places where
a man mighi ride and ride, and the
fresh wind in your face, and the
thud thud of the pony’s hoofs!

Dick and I talked all that after-
noon and evening as old telecums
always will ; nor did he cease talk-
ing even after we had gone to our
beds. I was very nearly asleep, but
I managed to interject an occasional
”VYes’ or ’’You don’t say!’ just to
encourage him.

And then suddenly, as I was lying
in that queer world between sleep
and wakefulness a wolf howled on the
hill behind the house.

have been as noisy as the worst of
them. Instead, being a man, he said:

“Darn the wolves.”

“Eh?” I asked.

“IT said, ‘Darn the wolves.’ We'll
have a hunt first thing in the morn-
ing.”

I was nearly gone, but managed a
‘sure thing!’’

”’We'll start up by Black: Rock
Coulee,’’ went on Dick, ’’and work
over towards the river tei

And while he planned the hunt —

for the morrow I sank beyond his
reach.
I had scarcely closed my eyes be-

fore he was shaking me by the shoul- —

ders.

Come on,” he said. ’I’ll look
au the stock while you get break-
ast."

It was not yet light, and while I
did the cooking Dick fed up the horses
and milked, and almost before I knew
it we had swallowed our breakfast
and were out in the saddle. Day
was just breaking, and everything
seemed damp and cold and openly
hostile.

The dogs were joyous, and could
only be restrained with difficulty.
Here was something they liked—
this was ten times better than being
chained up in the yard!

They were the same pack that I
had known and loved the previous
winter, though under Dick’s teach-
ing they were getting experts at the
game. Queen and Flyaway and Sally
were greyhounds. They were the
advance guard, and were chosen only
for speed. They had to take up the
chase as soon as the game was sight-
ed, and run the wolf until his first
burst of speed was over, and then,
by snapping at his flanks, to hinder
him as much as possible until the
Airedales came up and did the actual
fighting. We had four of these,
Patsie, Larry, Mike and Stumpy,
great heavy plucky beasts, fighters
from away back. We drew Black

Rock without success, and were em- —

wih FN) ru i A

AY AR ere ba Matha

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ey

_ Instantly the dogs started clamour- ‘
ing out in the yard, and I know that —
if Dick had been a dog he would ©

ol

erging onto the plain proper when ~

out of a little side pocket slipped — ;
a slim grey form, getting up{from —

a ening of his speed had been.

Noy, Wine! ane Nes

_ No need to urge the dogs
on now! Greyhounds are poor hunt-
ers unless the game is actually in
sight—but once they can see their
quarry there are very few animals
that can outrun them.

The wolf got away in grand style,
with only about a hundred yards’
start, and after him like arrows from
a bow went the greyhounds. The
Airedales could make but a poor
attempt to keep up with them—but
they kept on, knowing that their
turn would come later. We let the
horses out now, passing the dead
calf at the gallop—and how Dick
did curse at the sight of it! He
was riding a little ahead of me, and
I heard him yell back, ’’It’s that
striped wolf they’re after.”

And what a run he gave us. For
a while it seemed as if the grey-
hounds could never lessen the dis-
tance between them, and then, slow-
ly but surely, inch by inch, they
began to creep up. The wolf was
not in the best condition for a hard
chase, for while the dogs were fresh
and almost empty, he was heavily
gorged after his night’s hunting.

It looked as if the wolf was mak-
ing for the river, and if he could
gain it with a sufficient lead he
would be able to swim it and escape
in the broken country beyond. But
inch by inch the greyhounds were
closing up, and now Queenie was
almost touching him. A few more
minutes, and she was able to nip
him on the flank. With scarcely
a pause the wolf snapped back at
her ; imperceptible though the slack-
Yet
gave a second’s grace that enabled

Ns Flyaway to draw level with him on
the other side.

And now both dogs
snapped at him together, and for
an instant it seemed as if the wolf
would stop, and turn on the dogs—

_ and in that instant Sally joined them.

_Sorely pressed, he turned off at
right angles, wheeling round with
a great running jump that sent, the
dogs over-running by several yards
before they too could turn. It gave
the wolf a few seconds’ benefit, and
running parallel with the river bank
he put on a fresh burst of speed.

beside a freshly killed calf at our
approach.

all that they had lost, and
snap snap as he ran, and Qu
was out of it, limping and whin
at her torn shoulder.

both dead game, and they bother.
ed the wolf in every way they knew
nipping and biting and snapping, an
once they tripped him up, and sen
him stumbling before he could re
cover himself—and a second lost
meant many valuable yards gained
by the dogs. ee):
And then like a thunderbolt Patsie —
caught him on the shoulder, and
dog and wolf went rolling over and ~
over. Almost before they could rise —
the other Airedales had joined them. —
and dying fighting, game to the last,
the striped wolf went down in the ~~
face of superior numbers. It was —
all over by the time we: came up. —
The dogs were sprawled out, pant- —
ing, in various attitudes, and as we
dismounted Queenie came limping
up and smelt the wolf, and buried her
jaws in his throat as if to make sure
that he would not escape. Most
of the dogs were more or less marked,
though none were hurt seriously. —
Larry had his fore paw bitten through
and ran lame for a week, while Fly- —
away and Mike had each gashes in ~
their shoulders. i:
Well, that’s one the less, any-
way, said Dick, and turning the
wolf over—’’that’s a queer stripe
he’s got all right. I wonder how
many cattle this varmint killed?’
I couldn’t tell him ; but I could have
told him ‘(even as I’ve told you)
of the den in the gulley, and the
big headed cubs that went mad
chasing grasshoppers in the early
summer sunshine. But I knew Dick
would never have understood, and
so I could only say I did not know.
We smoked a cigarette apiece, and
then got.back on our horses, the dogs
falling stiffly into place behind, their
exhuberance of the start evaporated.
And so home we went to skin the
grey body that hangs dangling from
Dick’s saddle horn.

‘

A. Ray Giddings

OME time ago the sun had
dropped behind the low lying
burnt hills and the purple man-

tle of twilight descended to soften
the gaunt, harsh outlines of the
burned timber. On the wilderness
lake, with its heavily timbered shores
the lonesome silence of night had
fallen, broken only by the dull splash
of a feeding trout or the harsh shriek
of a night hawk circling low over the
water. A loon fed quietly in one
of the upper reaches of a bay, cran-

ing his’ slender graceful neck from
time to time, but ignoring the com-
mon and reassuring sounds of the
night.

From the velvety shadows of the
north shore came a splash, a faint
surgle of dripping water, and noise-
essly the bird sought the seclusion
of a half hidden inlet, to watch,
with drooping head and motionless
body, a canoe shoot past. In the
wake of the graceful bark the water
swirled and eddied, showing in the

478

4
ae!

yp fret ys : as
ning glow that betokened the seemed to sig

- moon’s coming, a dozen changes of

A Re ee ee

e's

_ comfortably in the niche, nature

light and shadow. ‘4
Ere the canoe had gone another
mile a round yellow moon shoved
a glowing rim above the hills, and

its pale radiance lingered lovingly

on masses of coppery hair that crown-
ed the head of a girl, plying her
paddle with the ease and skill of a
voyageur, in the stern of the canoe.
Like ivory her skin gleamed in the
amber colored light, and her eyes were
as the limpid lake where the purple
shadows of the evergreens rest. Calm,
deep, untroubled eyes they were,
resting with the deep seeing look
of the nature lover and interpreter
on lake and hillside. Driven by
the strong muscles of beautifully
moulded arms and _ shoulders the
canoe shot forward swiftly, buoy-
antly riding the water, as though
its occupant had imparted some of
her abundant life and vigor to its
birch bark covering and sturdy frame.
Rapidly the white beach of the East-
ern shore came into view, and, as a
soft grating sounded under the keel,
the girl jumped nimbly out, pulled
the light craft on the sloping beach
and took a rifle from the bow.
Through the fringe of willows and
maples she pushed her way and
clambered noiselessly to the top of
a huge boulder from whence she
could command a view of the gleam-
‘ing shore. So close at hand that it
startled her came the hoarse, yet
yearning call of a Cow Moose. Over
the moonlit dales and sere, burned
hills it floated, moving and _ pas-
sionate, losing harshness with dis-
tance, a call of love and desire. Away

to the left the snorting challenge

of a Bull sounded: then silence—
prolonged. The woodland whisper-
ed its nightly lullaby, and rocked
gently a poplar limb that supported
a robin’s nest, forgetful that the
fledglings had long ago taken wing.
Aspens quivered as though with gen-
tle respirations, and on the boulder
lichens clung, like a curl to the moist
brow of a sleeping child.

Half way down the rock a mossy
shelf tempted the girl to descend,
and when she had settled herself

ch gently, >
all things were attuned
and heed her lullaby. ~
Again the Cow called, but it ;
ed far away and detached, th
curiously mellow. Lazily the
reached out and stripped a p
of white birch from a nearby t
rolled it, and placed it to her li
Her merry laugh trilled out
the absurd imitation of the cal

yet she was vaguely uneasy, and the ~

warm blood flooded her cheek at —

the passionate note
Nevertheless, she called again, and

as the last note died away her bosom —
heaved with deep breaths and 7

head fell forward on her arms.

yearning so infinite and tumultuous —
took possession of her heart that in —
half shame she buried her head deep-
For aja
long time she remained thus, while
the trees crooned and comforted

er into her cradling arms.

above. At length she raised her

head, peeked coquettiskly through —

a strand of hair at the moon, wink-

ed shamelessly, and lithely dropped —

to the carpeting moss.
”’Louise!”’

it contained.

=
a
&

1 ¥

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€

Startled, the girl turned, and her ~

eyes swept over the Mackinaw clad
figure of a man leaning lightly and
gracefully against the boulder. As

if in answer to her unuttered wish —

a yellow moonbeam strayed through
the interlacing branch and rested
for a moment on his face. Good
to look upon was this man, as a
thoroughbred horse is good to look
at:
ly chiseled,

tall, deep chested, features fine- -
and lips that curved ~

with rare charm. But the grey eyes, —

shadowed by long lashes, were un- —
steady ; there was more than a sug- —

gestion of weakness about the chin,

and little lines of petulant discon-—
tent were formed in the corners of ©

mouth and eyes.

*‘Marvin,”’ the girl breathed. ’’Mar-
vin.
in lingering here—’

The man laughed softly.

”IT came from the upper waters
of the Big Twabodie with your hus-

You are back. You dare much —

band, Louise, who is now, I trust,

sleeping the sleep of the hard work-
ed. We did not quarrel. He simply
warned me that he was watching

2 and spate that for my own |
el

fare eep away from = you.
Louise—”’ he took a quick step for-
ward, and placed his strong brown
"fingers on her arm—’’Louise girl,
1 can’t keep away from you. ‘To-
_ day as we paddled down the silent
reaches of the big stream with every
dip of my paddle came the thought,
-’*T shall see her soon. I shall be near

her soon.’ Oh, I want you, girl,
I want you—”
_ *’Marvin, you mustn’t. You

-mustn’t, I tell you. Let me go.

; Let me go at once.”
He released her. Wide eyed and
j " breathless she leaned weakly against
a silvered birch.
”Can’t you see, Marvin, how hard
you are making it for me. I try,
_ oh, I try so hard to be a faithful wife
to Louis. And while you are away
OT succeed. He is a good man, is
Louis Leroux. I’m proud of his
strength and grace, proud of his big
_ handsome body, proud to be his
wife, I tell you Marvin. Don’t you
believe me? Haven’t I been a good
wife? Haven’t I, Marvin. Haven’t
: I—
___”Louise!”’ the man said_ sharply.
~”You are talking foolishly.”
_ For a long moment he regarded
: her steadily, and when he again spoke
his voice was low and tender.
~ ”You came here to-night to meet
me, dear. Why quibble. You know
I want you, girl, and—you want me.
Yes, you do—” as she made a ges-
ture of dissent—’’ You know it. Louis
_ knows it. That’s why he warned me
away from you. Listen girl—’ he
caught her hand and she made no
fooeen to disengage it—’’I have a
canoe with supplies on the North
Shore. By dawn we can be at the
Pe Junction—mid-day we can be at
Medicine Hat. Will you come,
_ Louise? Do you trust me?”
nt He drew her to him, and she offer-
i ed no resistance.
”7Tell me, Louise,’? he whispered.
| In answer she drew down his head
and pressed a kiss full upon his lips.
For a dozen heartbeats their lips
clung together and then half fright-
ened at the intensity of her passion
the girl dropped her head and wept
quietly. At length, gently Ws big

baw ce

‘man disengage od the: clingin, ng i
dropped a light kiss on the nae
th

braids, and made his way to

beach, motioning her to follow. At :

the fringe of willows he _ hesitated
and with the instinct of the woods-
man slipped back into the shadow

”"What is it,’the girl wilispered’

"Took! He pointed a finger shore-
wards.

Massive and mighty against the
white slope of the beach, agleam in
the rays of the bright moon, loomed
the huge ungainly figure of a Bull
Moose. Slowly, with massive head
erect he passed along the beach with-
in fifty yards of the watchers in the
shadow. ‘The hunter reached for the
light rifle, but the girl struck it from
his han

Listen,’ she said.

Faintly, far-away, yet vibrant
sounded the plaintive call of a Cow
Moose. The big man understood,
and reached out a hand to gently
stroke the bowed head.

”’Come,” he said. ’’We have a
long trail before us. We must hast-
en.”’

Obediently, she followed him across.

the sand to his canoe and took her

place in the bow.

”Holla, friends!’

A man was crunching over the
gravel bar towards them, and his
tone was cool, contemptuous and
amused.

”T thought, friend Marvin, that we
had enough of each other’s company
on the trip home. Ees it not so?
What! Youaredumb. Come, come
friends. Louis will not bite. Ees
it not so, my Louise?”

”’You are a strong man, friend
Marvin. The trappers of the far
north say you have the strength of
the white bear. This silence does

not become one wit’ such a reputa- ~

tion. It cannot be that you are
afraid. No.”

”*You Louise—’’ he wheeled sharp-
ly on the girl—’ Your canoe is yon-
der. Take it and go to the cabin.
For you, I have use yet. P’r’aps,

when th’ rose leave your che’k, Henri ne
the Hunchback, will give to me gold |
Go now, before I am more —

for you.

anger’ wit’ you. Go.’

to the shadow o
‘ Then he turned
surveyed the younger man.”
ie PY oI are the fool, Marveen,”’ he
id shortly. ’In my heart t’ree,
dur month ago for you there was
reat love. Then tak’ for my
vife Louise and towards me your
heart is cold, your eye is shifty for
you lak’ my wife. By Gar, I lak’ you
_ yet, mon camarade, but from your
_ eye the truth has gone, the grip from
- your handshak’. Wi’at you tink, I
don’ love my wife. Ah, yes, she
is lak’ the sun on the Twabodie to
me. She is mine. By Gar, this is
not hard to onderstan’.

“You, are’ ‘not’. scar’. No. The
heart of you is lak’ the Grizzly. I
tell you once again to ke’p away
from Louise. By Gar! Think on
this. The next tam’—”’

He tapped suggestively the stock
of his rifle, and raised his eyes curi-
ously to the white set face of the
man leaning heavily on his paddle.
Louis pondered, shook his head sad-
ty, then turned and entered the tim-

er.

In No. 2 Camp of the Benson Saw-
mill Company, on the Little Twa-
bodie, speculation was’ rife as to
the probable outcome of the quar-
rel, for already news of the disagree-
ment had traveled down the River.

_ From behind a mountain of greasy
_ pans the talkative little flunky held
forth nightly on this all-engrossing
- subject, and many and varied were
the arguments and opinions express-
ed by the husky rivermen. One
night Big Simon of Camp 3, drifted
in, and the situation was summed
up neatly in his few words, ’’There’s
goin’ to be a killin’ over this here
Tumpus yet.”

Tt seems to be just one dam’
hing after another,” the fat cook
id, his mild blue eye travelling
rtheassembly.. Baptiste came
from the Bend to-day with an-
er yarn of that Big Triple Creek
ose. Says the Professor down
re offers a thousand cool for the
head, and that Marvin and Leroux
are huntin’ the big crittur night
_day. Leroux dropped in a cou-
f hours ago at the store for some

and

Creek after that Bull. About |

>to th

minutes later in comes Marvin wit
the same yarn. There’s sure goin
to be a run in there,’’ he conclude
mournfully. :

“Some women—’”’ the little flunky

remarked—‘‘make me tired. Before
Leroux brought that little Beauty

from the bend there wasn’t a blame
word. Talk about David and Jona-
than. Why, Leroux and Marvin had
those two lookin’ like a white chip
in a poker game at Sandy McCrea’s.
There warn’t nothin’ one wouldn’t
do fer the other. And now, they’re
snarling at each other like a coupla’
starved Huskies.”’ He groaned and
slammed a tin dish viciously to the
bench.

“You seem to have the welfare
of this community at heart, Cookee,”’
said Walton, the time keeper, much
amused. It appears to me we are
all making a mountain out of no-
thing.”

The Cookee smiled at him toler-
antly.

‘‘Well, may I be there at the fin-
ish,” said Big Simon, interpreting the
look and smile. ‘“Twill be a great
scrap.’ He stretched his massive
arms and walked to the window.
A low startled exclamation passed
his lips as he gazed out.

‘*Talkin’ of angels,’ he said, turn-
ing to the crowd. ‘‘There’s Leroux
and Marvin startin’ for the upper
country now. They’re both carryin’
heavy packs and look about as ami-
able as a coupla’ wild cats.”

‘Well, I tell you, if I was that
there Moose I’d be a-hittin’ it for
pastures new,”’ said the flunky. “One
of ’em’s goin’ to bring in that head.

Aw, Hell,” he finished disgustedly, |

*T’m goin’ to bed.’’
In the shadow of a giant cotton-
wood Marvin crouched, his fingers

toying impatiently with the catch.

that governed the safety of his new
high powered Repeater. For some
time he had been calling, but his
tones were uncertain, and he doubt-
ed his ability to lure a Bull that
night. A master woodsman this.
Ask the Cree Trappers of the North.
Whisper his name to the Breeds from

Ws de Bhs Dies a

are as an open book to him. And
yet to-night—Ah! What was that?

On the white beach scarcely two
hundred yards away towered the
motionless figure of a Cow Moose,
facing the black line of the North
Shore, from which a huge shadow
presently detatched itself and moved
with rolling gait into the moon shine.
Massive of head and antler was this
huge Bull, and blacker than the
aisles of the ravines he had just
quitted. Arrogant confidence was
in his bearing and without any un-
necessary noise, yet not stealthily,
he plunged again into the shadow
and circled the shore.

Coquettishly the cow loped along
the beach and into the timber, whilst
the Bull, casting caution to the winds,
snorted loudly. spurned the gravel
beneath his crunching hooves and
set out in chase. Midway along
the beach a stab of flame cut the
shadow, followed by the sharp crack
of a small bore, high velocity arm.
_ The big animal stopped short in his
mad pursuit, and shook his head in
a slow and puzzled fashion as the ball
plowed through his hip. With a
sudden bellow of demoniac rage he
wheeled and charged straight at the
thicket. Spat! Spat! Spat! The bul-
lets were whining all around him and
a flicker of fear sprang into his eyes.
He turned sharply to the left, thrash-
ing a birch madty with his antlers,
his roaring challenge occasionally
broken as the bloody foam filled
his mouth. Again that sharp sting-
ing pain in hip and chest, and the

} a _ peculiar whining zip! of bullets hurt-

ling through the underbrush.

Suddenly he stopped his mad paw-
ing and threshing. From the upper
end of the lake came a faint, far-
off challenge of a Moose Bull. Here,
at least, was something he could
understand, and soft footed as a cat
he stole through the underbrush and
down to the lake The cold water
somewhat alleviated the smart of
his wounds, and the old confidence
was in his bearing as he rushed to
answer the call.

ed away and upright, he caught sight

-gave ground for the first time, back- —

‘a,

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None pd

g Aclr +

/ SF e\) A
f Wess) (es
CA ea

aL On ast ] of white sand, bat '
the yellow moonlight, he pausec

braced as a gigantic shadow came
hurtling towards him. Distinctly,
on the still night air, Marvin heard
the dull thud as these two majestic
denizens of the wild came together.
Though huge the wounded bull, his
adversary was larger, fully six inches
taller, and possessed of antlers and
head that seemed to dwarf his enorm-
ous body. If there was arrogance
in the demeanour of the smaller bull
there was an air of quiet power about
this last arrival, discernable even ©
by the man in the shadow. Soh
In fact, so large were the antlers —
of this newcomer that they gave
him an ungainly, top-heavy appear-
ance, which was belied by his agility

the rushes of his frenzied opponent, —
With commendable insistence the ©
smaller bull rushed and jabbed, twist- —
ing this way and that, and endeavour- —
ed to sink a prong into the monster’s —
neck or chest. But his efforts were ©
of no avail. The big beast stood —
with lowered head, swaying calmly ©
out of reach, his huge head and ant- —
lers presenting an impenetrable front. — }

For a while, in the heat of the com- _
bat, neither Bull appeared to notice —
that the cause of all this trouble had —
returned ; that the sly coquette of —
the bogs was standing motionless —
in the moon flecked shadow of a |
poplar watching the battle. Sud-
denly, as the smaller animals twist-

of her and his hoarse snorting bel-
low proclaimed the fact. With a
supreme effort he gathered every
ounce of strength in his big body,
and, a whirlwind of tossing antlers ©
and bloody foam, sprang to the at- —
tack. Such was the fierceness of
his onslaught that the monster Bull

ing almost into the shadow. Then,
as he felt firm ground under his feet, —
lunged viciously with the full strength ©
of his mighty muscled neck, in a
sweeping lateral motion. With a
long drawn out sigh the wounded
Bull collapsed, the blood pouring in
a thick stream from his torn neck.
Desperately, he strove to arise, but
fell again and lay still under a fury

pclatipl a aans ati NG

Lik ie

of probing antlers. With a last vic-
ious lunge the victor stalked to the
water’s edge and his challenge echoed
and re-echoed through that maze of
bogs and timberland—his kingdom.
With proud head upraised he wait-
ed. No answer broke the stillness,
and after a time he backed away
and rejoined the cow to proceed
up the narrow ravine to the very
heart of the hills.

In the shadow, across the lake,
Marvin watched, with straining eyes
the,monster and cow disappear into
‘the thicket.

“Whew!” he whistled gently, ‘“‘The
‘Wise One’ of Triple Creek. Many
and curious are the tales the little
Professor tells of him. But what a
head. From Yemiscouta to Amas-
keng there is not the equal.”

Like a phantom he slipped through
the underbrush into the draw, and
up over a barren hill. For half an
hour his eyes swept the ravine, flood-
ed with the caressing radiance of
that October moon, but of the Bull
there was no sign. Disgustedly, he
consulted his watch. Four hours
until daybreak! Four hours! Again
his eyes searched the moorland, but
at length, with a little gesture of
chagrin he turned about and made
his way to the lake. For half an
hour he trudged steadily along the
shore to stop at last under the giant
cottonwood. Above him, in the first
fork of the tree, a wick-i-up nad been
built overlooking the salt lick to the
left, and to this he ascended. From
his pack he, took a blanket, found
a comfortable position, and was soon
asleep.

The chill air of dawn penetrated to
the very marrow of his bones, and
with a gasp he sat stiffly erect, his
teeth chattering. Outside scurrying
clouds and a biting wind foretold
a bleak and rainy day. A _ bird
twittered sleepily from a thicket but
had not the courage to break into
full throated song. By means of a
leaning sapling the hunter stiffly
descended, and started out briskly
to the scene of the combat he had
witnessed the night before. The
walk sent the blood coursing warmly
through his veins and by the time
__he reached his destination the sore-

re Ls ye aye Fe eae
LSet MP PM ie

ya Sih SM MRT i
4 CA BULL OF TRIPLE CREEK (0 40 ae

ness had left his muscles and he was i
none the worse for the night’s bivou-
ac.
trail when he noticed, a few feet

to the left, a depression in the black ~~

loam. The big Bull had returned,
for the track was scarcely an hour old. —
Exultantly, Marvin sought the shel-—

ter of a large rock and making sure ~~

his rifle was in readiness, sent the
mating call abroad on the chill morn-
ing air.

On the plateau, a few hundred
yards back, the giant Bull threw up
his head and sniffed the morning
breeze. The odor of Balsam, of de-
caying vegetation, the thousand and
one odors of the woodland drifted to
him, but strangely enough, the scent
he expected—desired, was not among
them. And yet, moving and pas-
sionate from the lake shore floated
the old familiar call, the call of a
mating cow. While it thrilled him,
and brought the massive head up
challengingly, yet there was vague
suspicion in his bearing and the
ponderous under lips began to trem-
ble ominously. Again came the in-
sistent call, and convinced the mon-
ster dropped noiselessly down to the
bottom land and made his way almost
to the fringe of tall poplars that
separated him from the woodsman.
In the shadow, perched on a boulder
he descried the motionless figure of
aman. Well he knew the power of
this two-legged creature and_ his -
strange biting stick: a wide deep scar
on the broad chest gave evidence of
that. Softly, very softly he wheel-
ed to escape, and in his haste the
massive antlers scraped gently over
a stripped birch.

The noise was slight, yet, like a
flash, the trapper turned, his rifle
leaped to his shoulder and a sharp
report shattered the brooding silence
of the morning. Something red hot
and biting penetrated the thick skin
of the huge Bull’s chest. For a
clump of bushes to the right came
another report, and Louis Leroux
stepped into the open. The mon-
ster staggered dizzily. His neck
muscles suddenly seemed to have
lost power to support the massive
head, and slowly he came to his
knees. Here for a time he rested

He was about to take up the

ads hs tee
’

S: Login tae 4 hs bas “ee Pilate be ar SS ry ae

Lc alas Re ONO.

; LT hy Eth Z res es ae re
ee

unmindful of the men who were jubi-
lantly clambering over fallen logs
and other obstacles. Now his breath
was coming a little easier, and the
sharp stabbing, strength robbing pain
had given place to a dull ache.
Slowly, but surely, strength was
coming back to that rugged
frame. His head lifted, the stiff mane
stood erect, and as the trappers clear-
ed the last obstacle, with a roar of
fearless hatred the huge beast was
upon them.

Agile were these sons of the forest,
and with quick backward heaves
they somersaulted over a tree trunk
and took refuge, cursing their care-
lessness, in the branches of two stout
birches. Marvin, by craning his
neck, caught sight of his rifle in a
thicket of willows thirty feet away.
He grunted, glanced at Leroux seat-
ed comfortably in a wide crotch,
and shifted his position. The branch-

~~. es bruised his moccasined feet, and

to make matters worse a fine drizzling
rain had begun to descend.
Louis Leroux was evidently in high

spirits.
“By Gar, you ke’p ’way from
here,”’ he shouted playfully, as the

Bull placed his weight against the
tree. ‘“‘You blame fool, you push
him over. Go ’way, I tell you.”
In mock anger he plucked a hunting
knife from his belt, grasped the tip
of the blade between his thumb and
first finger, and sent it with all the
force of his strong arm, straight at
the beast’s neck. A sudden spurt
of blood brought a triumphant cry
to his lips, and contemptuously he
spat at the spreading antlers.

*T could kill you eef I have but
two t’ree more knives,” he boast-
ed. ’’You are no match for Louis,
little one. Why not lay down and
die? It would save much agony.
Pish, little one, would match
your cunning against mine? Bet-
ter far—What, you are going to
leave me. You prefer Marveen.
P’r’ps there you mak’ the mistake.
Little red flecks are dancin’ before
your eyes, Wise One. The horns,
they are too heavy for th’ neck.
The end is near. Ah yes, little One.”

With red, hate inflamed eyes the
monster regarded his tormenter, wait-

ROD AND GUN IN CAD

ing “doggedly ag the seo Bee pair oie:
brought on by his recent exertion —
to abate. He had no strength to
attempt the uprooting of the birch.
He could but wait, and after a time
his massive head dropped into an
attitude of dejection that quite de-
ceived the wet and uncomfortable
Marvin.

A large poplar, some ten feet away,
with spreading limbs that offered a
comfortable seat, tempted Marvin
to measure the leap with his eye.
The distance certainly did not seem
prohibitive, and if he happened to
miss his hold on the limb it would
be an easy matter to scramble up
the trunk before the apparently half
dead beast could move. For some
little time he debated the wisdom
of the move, deciding at last, with —
his characteristic love of danger to
take the risk. He cast a glance at
the Bull. The big animal was still
standing directly below him in the
same dejected attitude, and when
the man dropped a cartridge on the
broad back, made no move. Very
carefully the woodsman balanced,
gripping the limb with his toes
through the flexible moccasins. With
a sudden lithe movement he sprang —
out, his fingers closed on a half with-
ered leaf, and he went crashing to
the ground.

Dazedly, he sought to escape the
tornado of tossing antlers and batter-
ing hooves. A dull numbing pain
shot through him from head to foot.
He fell back. Came a ‘vague vision
of the giant form of Leroux above
him, a Leroux who wielded in his
mighty hands a huge black root,
flailing right and left with the strength
of six men. Dimly to his ears came
the rapid reports of a heavy calibred
automatic rifle—a sudden gush of
blood over his face—and darkness.

With smoking rifle a pale faced
girl stepped from a thicket and knelt
beside the motionless body of a young
giant, who held tightly in his hand
a battered and gnarled root. Her
hand slipped over his heart, and
with a little thankful cry she un-
buttoned the mackinaw. He stirred,
opened his eyes, and struggled to a
sitting position.

Louise,’ he said weakly.

A BULL OF TRIPLE CREEK ©

In his wife’s eyes there was a look
he could not fathom, a fierce some-
thing in her caresses that set the
blood to pounding in his brain.

“Yes, dear,’’ she said softly, and
slipped an arm around his neck and
fiercely drew him to her. He relax-
ed weakly and leaned against her.
“God! You are a man, Louis,” she
said, her eyes proudly sweeping the
bleak moorland. ’’A man of men,
Louis. My man. My man.”

In the cabin on the Little Twa-
bodie, Louis rubbed his hands to-

485
gether and chuckled genially at the
open fire.

‘“‘Marveen,” he said to the re-
cumbent figure on the rude couch,
‘“‘the leg must hurry and mend. Such
trapping as there is on the head-
waters. We will grow rich in the
partnership this season, rich lak’ old
Henri of the Mills. ’Tis a poor
business to follow alone, mon com-
arade. Well your leg is good, I am

glad. Up on the lak’ I honger for
the smile of you.”

HE WAS A TENDERFOOT

E. J. McVeigh

met him on his first trip to the bush,
I and I liked him at once. He didn’t

put on any side, and there seemed to
be no end to his good nature. He had with
him two black and tan half bred hounds,
each about as big as a six months calf, and
the first laugh he gave us was when he came
in in the evening and said, “Say boys, those
dogs of mine are just as green as] am. They
think every time they strike a deer track
they are going to catch the deer right away.
They sure do run like H ! ‘
- On the third day out I asked him if he
thought he could meet me at a certain lake
that lay four miles north and three miles
west of where we were, I to start west and
Swing north at the end of three miles, he
to start north and swing west at the end
of four miles, travelling by compass. He
said “sure I can,” and off we went.

This was in a flat heavy bush country,
no hills to climb and look for lakes, or any-
thing like that. You measured your dis-
tance by your watch, and directions by your
compass.

When I got to the lake, (I had a road to
follow part of the way), there was no sign
of “Bill,’”? and I didn’t feel easy about him.
However I had been sitting on a log for fif-
teen or twenty minutes, when I heard him
coming, and he walked out of the bush be-
hind me. He had it off just right. When
he came up he said, “Say, there must be some
fools in this bush. Away back there near
a pond some fellow has cut down a lot of
trees, and some good big ones, with a jack
knife.” :

Now how could you place a man like that?
He could make that little trip, and right
angle his position to a hair, and yet he took

the

~ beaver work for “some fool with a jack knife.’

He made many other’ small mistakes, but
always managed to get as much fun out of
them as we did, and we soon learned that
he could go to any point you named if you
just gave him the direction and the distance.

his may sound easy, and it is to old bush
man, but remember he had never been in the
bush before, and he had never shot a deer
in his life. I shall always remember the day
he and I killed a good sized buck. It was his
first, and he surely did want to go back to
camp with that deer on a pole. Now I had
no such ambition. It was tive miles to camp,
and I had tried carrying deer in my time.
I am only a small man anyway, and fresh
from an office at that time, so I[ told him I
would not, because I could not carry my half
of that buck, and he felt very bad about
my lack of sporting blood.

However, we were joined by another of
our party, who is a husky chap, and Bill
put it up to him to help. This fellow had
handled deer and knew what it meant, but
he was big and strong, and when he had
sized up the situation he said with a wink
at me, that he was good for one end if Bill
was equal to the other. »

Of course we have all seen pictures of the
hunters coming into camp with the deer hang-
ing loose from a springing pole, while the
said bold hunters march along seemingly

forgetful of the fact that they are carrying
anything.

It looks fine in the picture, but
I do not need to tell the old hand what a
two hundred pound buck would weigh at the
end of one mile, to say nothing of five, car-
ried in that manner. And there would be
no profit in telling the green man, for he
must learn that for himself. I shall never
forget the day my friend the doctor, who
weighed two hundred and twenty pounds,
learned it. But that’s “something else
again,’ and has nothing to do with Bill.

Now I was not trying to be funny at Bill’s
expense, and as he was so set on bringing
in his deer I did the best I could for him.
There was an old shanty close by, and I got
from the stable a dry balsam pole which
was light and dry with-no spring to it. And
instead of tying the deer’s feet together,
and slipping the pole between, leaving him
swinging free with his head about touching
round, I tied his nose up to the pole,
and brought the body close up by lashing
the pole close to the belly, making the pole
and deer as near one as possible.

When this was done you could pick up
one end of the pole, while the other end
was on the ground, with considerable ease,

and I could see that I had dropped another

notch in Bill’s estimation when he “‘hefted’”’

his end. However, I thought I knew what

I was doing, and to avoid any misunder-
standing, I told him I would carry his ritle,

but I could not “‘spell’? him against the big

fellow at any time, for the simple reason
that I know I couldn’t. I am glad he didn’t
try to tell me what he thought of me by
this time, for, as I said before I liked Bill
and wanted to remain friends with him.
Did you ever see a hundred and forty
pound man try to carry a heavy deer against
a two hundred pound husky chap who was

; atk, Yi ea Seay
about six inches taller than the littl

ew eel

Or did you, being a small man, ever try it
yourself? It is a_ great experience. The
ound that seemed fairly smooth and free __
rom obstructions suddenly becomes quite —
rough and fairly littered with things to trip
over. When you do trip you go sideways —
more or less, and when you do, the load
surges after you as if determined to put you
down, while the pole that seemed so smooth
and round suddenly takes on corners, and
you feel that if it was only some place else ‘
esides on that sore spot you could stand it
better. Then when you come to a sott spot, .
did you notice how deep your feet go into the
mud? Most astonishing, really.

Well I started ahead to pick out the best
“going,” and my friends came after, Bill
in the lead. After going about five rods 4
I stopped and looked back to see how the
pack train was coming along. Things were
not going, or coming very well. Bill looked
about four inches shorter than when I had
seen him last, and his knees were encourag-
ing each other by friendly and frequent taps.
His stature was shrunk so that it was no
trouble to see the big fellow’s face over his
head, and the grin on that face just about
cut said face into two parts.

Bill was no fool. He knew when he had
enough, and the look he gave me made amends
for all the things he hadn’t said some time
before. So when I said, “I guess we will |
just hang that fellow up here until we have
more beef in the mule train,” he said, “Hang
if you say so, he stays for all me, feeling is
eva Maa just as good as seeing, and I have
elt.”

But as I said before, or if I didn’t I meant
to, Bill was all right, and it his body was not
very big his heart was no runt, for that he
proved. It was his lack of fear, and that
go anywhere disposition, that led to his great
adventure.

About the sixth day of the hunt there was
a fall 6f snow, and the bush began to look
like winter. On the seventh day Bill was
sent a long way from camp to watch a small
lake, and when night came on, we were all in
but him. Some remarks were passed as
to his ability to look out for himself, but
I don’t think any of us were really happy.
After supper one of the fellows said he thought
he had heard a wolf howl as he was coming
in, and this did not improve matters. For
though we all, or most of us, knew that ninety-
five per cent. of all the wolf stories ever told
were pure “bunk”? you kind of remember ~
the other five per cent. when you have a ~
friend out at night in a heavy bush where you ~
know there are wolves, and plenty of them.

‘‘No, those stories about wolves eating ©
men are all “rot’’ and Bill would be correct —
as a dollar. Sure he would. Wouldn’t hurt
him to stay out one night anyway. That —
is, of course, if he was all right. Hadn’t |
fallen and sprained his fool ankle, or broken ~
a leg,’ and so on, while every few minutes —
someone stepped out to “‘see what kind of a
night it was anyway.” They weren’t anxious
about Bill, not on your life. They were
going to turn in pretty soon, you bet.

Strange how slow they were abo
though, and about nine o’clock when

a4

" pine Wi ukide MA "Eel > & wee
Thy es | F

out to the kitchen to—oh well, I wanted
to see if my boots were dry,—I found two of
the fellows getting into their bush clothes,
and when I started to get into mine, they
didn’t ask me where I was going. Before
we got fully dressed the rest of the gang
were pulling on boots and overalls. The
first man ready made up a bundle of sand-
wiches, and two others got out some rope
and wound it around where their waists
ought to be, and someone said, “‘No use
everybody bringing an axe, two will do,”
and in ten minutes six of us were hitting
the trail north in the general direction of
where Bill was supposed to be.

There is an old saying to the effect that
the world looks different from up a tree,
and believe me, the bush looks different
at night. There is much that you don’t see
at ment that you would see in the daytime,
but there are a whole lot of things you feel
in the dark that you wouldn’t in daylight.
I’ll bet a hat that I would walk over the tirst
roo I fell over that night five hundred times
in daylight and not fall once. I walked over
it once in the dark and fell twice. I don’t
wonder one of the fellows said, “I hope none
of you Indians have a shell in the breech.”
The man with courage to say he had would
have become unpopular right there. Thank
the Lord there was a trail, of a kind, for a
considerable distance the way we wanted to
go, and after we had gone about a mile, it
was just after my tenth fall anyway, we
stopped to listen, and fire a few shots. Some
said they thought they heard a reply, and
others didn’t, so on we went again.

The trail now took us over a rise, down
through a valley, and over another. While
on the second rise we did hear a shot, and
we fired two, and went on. I guess we were
all thankful that the shot seemed nearly
straight ahead, that is along the trail, for
bad as if was the bush would have been war.
(See Sherman’s definition). We _ stopped,
listened, and fired one shot quite frequently
now, but the answers had stopped, and this
bothered us like war (again see above). But
presently we heard a shout and that helped
some, yes considerably. A _ little further
and we could see fire, and presently we walk-
ed up to friend Bill about one hundred yards
west of the trail.

He met us with a cheerful grin, and when
we found out that he was all right, we took
stock of his position. At his back was a
rock about eight teet high, and in front of
him was his fire, in an old dry stump, and
he sure did seem comfortable and happy.
But we wanted to know a few things, and
intimated as much, so Bill told his story
and I will let him tell it.

“Well it was this way,” he began, “I came
along out here this morning and found the
little lake all right. It is over there about a
mile I guess, and it was one lonesome job
sitting there all day. Nothing doing, and the
only signs of life I saw were two chickadees
and one meat bird. Around about three-
thirty I started out, and back there a ways
I ran into a small deer, or it ran into me,
and by some fluke I shot it. That made
_ me feel better, and I “stuck” it as you fel-

ih Ws showed me how, and then I went to

HE WAS A TENDERFOOT

work to clean it out. Say, that is some ~
job. Well I got the job done, or some of —

it anyway, and I guess I was more than
twenty minutes at it for it wasn’t near so
light as it had been, and I started to drag
the deer to the trail. It was kind of messy
to carry you know, on account of the things
I had cut, and I was doing fine when I heard
the most awiul sound. Say if I had bristles
on my back like a pig I bet they would have
stuck out through my coat. At first I could
only feel, but pretty soon I began to think,
and I remembered you fellows telling about
the howl of a wolt, and I knew what it was.
Was I scared? Say fellows I was. That
son of a gun seemed right back there where
I had cleaned out the deer, and then to make
me feel real good I heard two more away
off, and they seemed to say, My-heart-is-
breaking-but-I’ll-come-and-help-kill-him-wow
and I remembered all the stories I had ever
heard or read, about wolves eating people.
But I remembered them all together like,
and couldn’t remember for a while what
the hero did to save his hide. But I was
right close to this spot, and it looked good
to me, so I got that fire going in about three
hours, or five minutes, I don’t know which.
I know it seemed the slowest fire I ever
started, and then I waited.

“Say boys, wasn’t there some gink who said
something about waiting, being the hardest
work of all, or words to that effect? I don’t
know how much he knew about waiting,
but he had the right dope all right. I have
done some waiting myself, and I don’t like
it, or thought I didn’t. But say, waiting to
find out whether you will make a meal tor
a few hungry wolves is some hell believe me.
You know I don’t believe so many of those
blood and bones wolf stories, not in camp
anyway, but it seemed some different out
here all alone with them brutes remarking
that they were-desolated-with-grief-but-they-
would-come-and-help-wow.

‘Well pretty soon ittwas dark, and I’ heard
no further complaints from brother®.wolf,
and I was beginning to feel much better,
when out there in the dark I saw a pair of
lamps that sure did look wicked. Then
there was another pair, and another. Did
you ever have your heart stop beating for
about a week, and then try to catch up to
itgelt? That’s what happened to me. But
nothing happened, only the eyes would shitt
around, now in one place, and then some-
where else, and I began to get my second
wind, and pretty soon when I saw two pairs
close together I took a shot at them. Since
then I have just stayed here and fired at
every pair of eyes I seen. Don’t know how
many I hit, for believe me I wasn’t leaving
my happy home, and fireside to give first
aid to any of these boys.”

This was his story, and “Why” asked one

did you stop ans-
“Oh,

of the rescue party “in
wering our shots as we came up.”
I had run out of shells, so I couldn't.”

Nothing wonderful in it all, but not so bad
for a tenderfoot.

It was after midnight when Bill finished
his story, and we decided to stay there until
daylight to see if he had really killed a wolf.
But from the way the fellows handled their

{

c rifles and lowered their voices you could tell

that the big idea in each mind was that there
might be a chance for a shot at a wolf. But
alas, it was not to be. ‘There were no more
eyes to shoot at that night, and in the morn-
ing we found that Bill had actually killed

ON THE TRAIL OF THE WOUNDED ~~
BULL MOOSE

W. Edwin Troup

won the fight,” said Harry Phillips,
who was guiding me on that memorable
hunt on the headwaters of the Spanish river.

Up the little ridge, covered with birch
and poplar we went, quickly but quietly.
Ahead of us the brush cracked almost in-
cessantly, while the bawling of the cow, the
whining of the calf and the hoarse grunts
of the bull come back to us on the wind from
a point scarcely one hundred yards ahead,
but always ahead. Although we travelled
as fast as we dared down the big runway
the moose kept just out of sight. Just at
daylight that morning, half a mile back
from the lake where our tent stood, from
the top of the highest hill in the neighbor-
hood, we had heard sounds of conflict, a
clashing of antlers, bellowing, squeals and
the crash of underbrush. We had arrived
just in time to see a sturdy three-year-old
whip a very old bull with a brownstone front
set of antlers, and go off with the cow, her
calf following.

The two shots that were fired started the
cow, calf and young bull going, and they
headed directly for the interior. We did
our best to overtake them without alarming
them as two shots fired on a windy day at

PC von on now, we'll get the fellow that

ut mating moose do not alarm them as at other

times. About a mile farther on we saw
the cow stop and glance back at us; she had
caught the motion in the brush. While
she watched us we froze and in about a min-
ute she hurried on.

“Now,” said Harry, ‘‘get right in there
as quickly as you can and as quietly and
when you see horns shoot for you will never
get another chance at them; they are getting
alarmed all right.”

Quickly I hurried forward, after glancing
through my sights to see that they were clear
of snow and in position. Soon they were
only thirty yards ahead. I could see the
brush shake and see black forms but could
not see horns.

Then the cow spotted me again and stopped
and in a moment she was crashing away

_ through the brush followed by her calf.

Now or never, I threw up my rifle and cover-
ed the opening she had crossed. As I did
so the bull stepped out from behind a small
spruce to one side of the trail and started to
pace after the cow. As he slid past the

two big grey fellows, and judging fro

i)

he had wounded two or three more. —
I do know that every man in that (iy
envied the tenderfoot, while I expect that we —
each thought we could have got more wolves |

than he did if we had been in his place.

y
+ al
it)
a
Bree,
Bpiy'y
= ;
é

opening I put the little ivory bead on his
shoulder and pulled. At the crack of the —
gun he went down and no sooner was he
down than he was up again and away. Be-
fore he had made two lunges I fired again — a
and down he went a second time, but no

sooner did he hit the ground than he was on

his feet apparently going as strong as ever,
The brush was thick but a hasty glance
ahead on his line of travel showed an open-
ing and in a few more jumps he was crossing —s_—
it. Again I pulled and he went down as
though hit by lightning. Squatting on my
haunches I peeked through the brush. He |
had been quartering to my right, travelling
away from me and now lay on his left side }
about fifty yards away. Plainly, one shoul-
der was broken, but there seemed a lot of life
in him yet, and he was watching me. AsI ~—
only had one shell in the gun, when Harry {
came up I asked him to let me shoot him
again as I had a grand open chance for his
heart. But Harry said, “no, he will never
get up, just walk up to him quietly.” Again
I asked to be allowed to fire my last shot into
him but was told I might knock a horn off.
Although I felt confident of driving that
bullet straight home, yet bullets in thick
brush do some funny things and as I was
afraid of making Harry sore, I did not shoot,
and foolishly did not refill the magazine.
We proceeded to walk in slowly and had taken
about a half dozen steps when the bull sprang
to his feet and was gone while I fired my re-
maining shot into the wildly waving under-
brush, and then stood gaping foolishly, but —
the sound of breaking brush and the receding
thud of hoofs told us all that was necessary. __

Now I want to state frankly that Harry
does not swear and sometimes I don’t. So
we looked the battlefield over in silence.
The snow was covered with blood and three
great patches about twenty feet apart mark-—
ed the spots where he fell.

“Well,” said Harry, “that is the first time
I ever saw a moose knocked down three >
times and get away and this one won’t get
away either, we will get him if we have to
follow him td the Arctic circle.” :

We started immediately, as a heavy we
snow was falling and quickly blotting a
the trail, not allowing us to give him a c¢
of hours to die or at least stiffen up. |

a
fe,

u

The first quarter mile he galloped in spite
of one useless front leg, then he steadied down
to plugging right up the trail after the cow
and calf.

Blood shoulder high on the trees and brush
told where one bullet had hit. After about
a mile he got sore and turned off the trail
abruptly and went into a little alder swamp
that was flooded. Anyone who has travelled
an alder swamp in a wet fall knows what it
is like and to go quietly is out of the question,
so when we reached the centre of the swamp
we found three bloody beds close together
and the alders rolled down. Apparently
he was in great pain. Harry said to wait
here a moment as we might hear him in the
brush, ana when we started on, to keep ready
for business as he might stand and charge
us when we got close. The wind was too
strong however, to hear him and we moved
on. He soon left this swamp and hit a trail
that wound along the side of a ridge border-
ing on a swamp. Half a mile farther he
entered another swamp and try as we might,
we could not catch him lying down and
another bloody bed was all we saw. Again
we stood and listened and the storm seemed
to be clearing. As we started on into the
brush, noticing a dark spot ahead in it I
called Harry’s attention to it. A _ glance
through the field glasses convinced me more
firmly than ever that it was a moose. So
Harry said to give it a shot anyway. Tak-
ing careful aim I fired but the black spot
was still there. So we went in and found
that it wa a dark colored spruce tree. How
sorry we were that we had fired, feeling sure
that we must have bungled things now. *

But the bull was doomed. So far he had
been travelling almost directly down wind
and could smell us so our chances were small,
unless he was very sick.

However we plugged on quietly and about
four hundred yards from where the shot was
fired, we found his trail that was on the point
of entering another swamp, turn abruptly
at right angles and go quartering across the
wind up over two ridges but the rocky going
was evidently too much for him for as we
came quietly over the second ridge we noticed
his trail turn off into a brule or burned over
swamp about one hundred acres in extent.
There was a good dry mossy bottom here
with no underbrush and a covering of stand-
ing and fallen dead jack-pines. As we enter-
ed tnis Harry said, “Now or never! If he
has lain down in here we will get him. If
not, good-bye, Mr. Bull. The country far-
ther east is small green stuff and unless we
find him dead or unable to rise we will never
see him but I think he came in here to lie

/ ey
down. So have your machine gun
business.”

Harry has always called my .401 Auto:
a machine gun. The wind was in our favo.
and carefully feeling for twigs each ne
before we stepped in the moss, and avoid
all rotten logs, we slid along. Suddenl
front about seventy-five yards a big bla
object arose from the moss, and again we saw
our bull. Just one tree trunk was between
us and that covered his face. His entire ©
body and horns were in plain view on one
side of the tree and his nose protruded on
the other.

out!” 4
I took deliberate aim and fired and at th
shot he moved forward slowly while I con-
tinued to pull as fast as I could aim. I pour- —
ed the five shots into him while he went as ©
many yards. Then he sank into the moss, —
never to rise again. an
When we reached him he was dead. Harry —
took off his old felt hat and laidit behind
the moose’s shoulder. The hat covered five :
bullet holes, the results of the last bombard-
ment. On the same side was a shoulder
smashed in terrible shape, a bad wound in the j
brisket and apaunch shot; also a lot of pieces
of copper and lead were stuck in his hair,
showing that a bullet had gone to pieces
from striking brush, evidently the last shot
after he rose the third time. I have killed
many moose but I never saw one that stood
up to such punishment or lived so long after
a .401 operation, The head was a good one
for a three-year-old but nothing to some in
my collection. Of the trip back to the canoe
with the head, through the trackless height
of land bush in the now melting snow, the —

less said the better.
Of course in our grim way we were happy,
but we were wet to the skin, tired, hungry

and sore from the galling tump line. On
the five-mile trip to camp we said little. To
men in the frame of mind we were in, it Is

best not to talk, but once in camp and a good
fire going, dry clothes and some good grub
inside our skins, we smiled again.

I swore by everything I regarded as holy
that Harry knew more about moose than
any other man living while he returned the
compliment saying that I handled the ac-
cursed Automatic like a machine gun and
ought to be in the trenches. The bull that
won the fight that cold October day in 1915,

- only to lose his life the same day to the head

hunter from the Niagara District, now gazes
from my verandah across the beautiful fruit
farms of the district where the writer lives
but his spirit no doubt still roams the height
of Land.

mT \\\\aseall|
WW ree G
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silfe.

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F.V. Williams

Ay OON’S Landing! Coon’s Landing! Far
( 7 as we go! All out”.

Where is Coon’s Landing? Well it was
but it is nof. This is a little happening of
two years ago and the accommodation train
has quit running to that neck of the woods.
It was a little nearer than the regular country
station to our starting point so this friend
o mine, Daniel McGregor, sometime rancher
and guide, had recommended coming on
through to the end of the line. This was
to be some trip all the way to the head-
waters of the Boulder River this time or
bust Dan had said and I had loaded up
accordingly.

Our luggage was put out on the platform
in front of the shed that took the place of a
station. Dan had rubbed his chin reflective-
ly and at last had laughed outright at my
outfit.

“Say old timer I thought you knew better
than that. Why you’ve got load enough
there for two canoes.” Well we didn’t
argue, we just got down to business and
sorted out what was useful and what was
not, at least we stuck to what Dan said was
useful, that is until we came to a box that
contained three Justrite lamp and hats for
same, or cap, if you please, the regulation
miner’s outfit and a couple of canisters of
carbide. “Now then, Daniel, you just go
ahead and kick if you like, the carbide goes.
Ill carry it myself if you don’t care to.
Say, remember what happened to our oil

an one trip?’? Dan laughed.

490

“I sure do,’ he retorted. ‘We wondered
what made the water look so smooth in
certain places with a light breeze blowing
and discovered that the darn oil tin was
punctured and half the oil left in the canoe;
on the blankets, etc., while part of it had
run down on the strap that held the luggage
and calmed the surface of the lake. Ha,
ha, it’s funny now, but it wasn’t then, hey?
Say I saw that old lantern still hanging on
the tree where we left it two years ago, just |
last month when I was up this way looking
things over. Well the carbide won't be
any worse, hey? We settled the question
by stowing our hats with the wide brims in
the luggage and wearing the caps with lamps
attached as it was getting late in the after-
noon and would be dark before we made
our first landing.

It was only a short carry to the river from:
the landing and we were on our way in an
hour after leaving the train. Gee, it was
good to city eyes to be afloat on this quiet
stream. The canoe scarce made a ripple.
Dan sitting in the stern with the steering
paddle and myself in the bow assisting my
best, we drove the light canvas covered
canoe upstream at a pretty fair speed. There
was no current to speak of and not a great
many turns to the stream, so we made pretty
good time. The shadows lengthened till
the stream was completely in shadow from
bank to bank but overhead we still had strong

daylight and presently we came around a ~

bend, and ahead was a big stretch of ope.

water like a small lake, and here as the tim- ‘
ber was low the setting sun touched the

water with long shafts of golden light. It
made one; think of better things, this country
of peace and beautiful scenery and I began
to make dream pictures, when the wet end
of a paddle touched the back of my neck
and a voice broke in on my imaginings, with:
“Sorry to disturb your dreams ol’ man but
how’d you like to go right over there beyond
that point and land a couple of bass while I
fix up the tent.”

The canoe grounded easily on a bit of
sandy beach and as I offered to help him
with the arrangements for the night my
guide remarked, ““You just go ahead and
try for a fish or two, I’ve got Abie
in the line of firewood and poles cut an
They’ve been here three
months. If they hadn’t a been we'd never
have started so late, see? And with a good
natured grin and a light shove he sent the
canoe I was sitting in out into the lake.

It was but ten minutes’ paddle back to
the point indicated by Dan and at the first
cast I had a fine three-pound bass. Then I
fished for perhaps tifteen minutes without
results, reeling in the line, the trolling spoon,
a small spinner, was within sight of the
boat and I watched its revolving in the water
as it reflected the rays of light caught by the
fluted spoon. What was that?—a long dark
body with a gleam of white beneath came
from the dark depths of the river_and in a
flash the reel was screaming to give him
line, give him line. I did, and there was a
fine struggle. Almost clear of the water,
he came at one time, and at first I thought
it to be a maskinonge. Then the struggle
almost ceased and I reeled in line thinking the
fish had torn loose. Just then there was a
vicious tug, and then another, but still the
lish came in with very little resistance, and
presently could be discerned in the dark
water acting as though “all in.” Stealthily
I reached for the gaff with one hand and
as he came within a foot of the canoe I slipped
the gaff under his gill cover and listing the
canoe down a bit lifted him aboard. ‘‘Who-
0-0-0,” came Dan’s voice from the direction
of the camp. “S-u-p-p-e-r, last call to s-u-p-
p-e-r,” he yelled and looking toward camp
I could see his figure silhouetted against the
glow from the camp fire.

A quick smart blow with the gaff handle
quiets the still struggling pike, for such it
proved to be, and we are soon at the camp.

“Say, that’s too good, believe me,’ re-
marks Dan. “You go ahead and straighten
out your tackle. We've got to have that
bass for supper and it won’t take me more’n
five minutes to get it ready, and you’ve got
the biggest pike there I ever saw taken from
this stream. I'll bet he’ll go a good seven
pounds,” and still talking the guide had the
fish dressed and ready for the pan before I
was through taking the rod apart and
straightening out my blankets on the fir
boughs Dan had prepared for our bed.

“Ye Cods, but that was some feast.” I
would be ashamed to tell of the stuffing we
did but it was our first day out and we were
sure keen for it.

waitin’ for me.

““We’ve got fish enoug
morrow in that pike, even with our a
so guess we'll not touch our “military ration
observed the cook, referring to some ¢
densed soups, etc. that we always ca
and just to think one hour ago that b
was swimmin’ round out there in the riv
grinned Dan as he looked at the empty f
ing pan.

A fine full moon came slowly up fr
behind the timber on the opposite shot
giving the river a silver finish that was
feast for a nature lover’s eyes. It was on
of those scenes that banish conversatio
You just have to sit and absorb it, and whil
friend Dan finished his pipe we just sat and
gazed, and drank in the*beauty of the night
to our hearts’ content.

‘We-I-1 ol’ top, guess it’s time to turn in,
To-morrow morning we get started before
sun up you know. So we'll have to leave this
witchy moon stuff and get some sleep,”’ and
we did sleep, at least I did. Dan was shak-
ing me by the shoulder the next thing I knew,
and gazing stupidly out through the front
of the tent I could see the gray daylight had
taken the place of the night and that the
guide had already replenished the fire and
there was a steaming coffee pot sitting to
one side on a big flat rock.

We were away in less than an hour and
at sun up there was a good three miles be-
tween us and our last night’s camp. The
surrounding country along the banks of the
stream had begun to change. Instead of the
hills and woods we now seemed to be passing
through a succession of swamps and long
about eleven o’clock we landed on a tiny
islet that supported some brush and three
full sized trees. We had our lunch and after
carefully putting out our fire—Dan_ said
“Tt would be a crime to burn all the timber
off this island’? (as I said before there were
three trees on the place)—we were on our
way again.

“You see,’ remarked the guide *‘we can
get to the headwaters of this stream in about
two days. It starts in a bit of a lake and
believe me you never saw any bigger fish
bass than there are up there and there's
partridge and deer and if you don’t get
some ‘shots’ with that camera of yours it
won't be the deer’s fault. Say! do you know
I’ve seen five deer there at one time in the
edge of the lake of a morning taking a sun
bath. Oh it’s a great little spot. Weve
got about a two hour portage. Listen,”
he paused of a sudden— ;

“Did you hear that? No? Now do you?”
and sure enough faint and far away one could
hear the murmur of tumbling water.

“We can come through there coming back.
It’s safe enough if you know where the chan-
nel is but it’s ‘white water’ alright in spots.”

In a half hour more the rapids seemed
just around the next bend but there were
several such bends before we slowly rounded
a point and saw the water leaping and rushing
down through a mass of giant boulders into
a long quiet pool below. I got a fine pic-
ture here. Then we landed on a bit of
gravelly shore and got our outfit prepared
for the portage. I was to take the pack
and camera while Dan took the canoe,

492

paddles and even the fishing rods.

It made
me perspire to think of the pack, let alone
what the guide was about to tackle.

“You can’t miss the trail. It’s in sight
of the river nearly every yard of the way,
and with this as a parting remark the guide
trudged away, canoe and all.

I was a bit slow in getting started and
carrying a pack was something I’d not had
a whirl at for two or three years but found
it wasn’t as bad as I’d expected.

Once I caught up with Dan who had rested
the prow of the canoe against a tree to take
the weight from his shoulders for a few min-
utes, and he told me there was only about a
half hour more. We had gone on about ten
minutes’ travel, when I saw the canoe sud-
denly whirled round against another tree,
and the guide emerge to point excitedly to
the rapids on our right.

“Look! Look there! he exclaimed and look-
ing in the direction indicated I saw a half

drowned man—or so he appeared to me—

struggling to get a waterlogged canoe ashore.
It was the work of seconds to slip off the

heavy pack and follow Dan to where the

stranger was standing contemplating the
canoe. We went into the water and none
of us spoke a word until the canoe had been
hauled ashore and there it was seen she was
badly damaged. There was a good two feet
of the bow on the left hand side broken in
so badly that the craft was practically use-
less and when turning her over we found
a long rent in the bottom.

“Well, I’ll be durned,’’ remarked Dan.
“Say, isn’t this Pierre?” he asked, eatreenie
the bedraggled stranger, and the little dar
man raised his eyes and thrust forward his
hand.

“Yes, Daniel, it is Pierre, alright and he’s
in a dam’ bad fix too. What I shalt do I
don’ know. I have left three hours ago a
very seeck man up a small stream to the
left of ze rivair; he dam’ sick, he eat canned

goods and he get sick, me go for help, and

et as I enter the rapeed this damned log
e comes too; he half sunk and caught on
rocks, turn my canoe sideways and you
can see the rest.”

“But you were lucky to get out yourself
man, you might have been drowned, that’s
pretty swift water.”

“T know, I know. I run him many times.
What am I to do to help my fren’? He die
before I get back,’’ and Pierre threw up his
hands in despair.

“Don’t you worry, let us help you. We've
ot a canoe here and there’s two of us; now
et’s get to it and Dan introduced Pierre
to me, recommending him as one of the

best fellows that ever paddled a canoe.

“Hide your pack, old man, hang it in a tree
or anything you like just take your camera
and come on.”

And away they went. I quickly concealed
the pack in a sheltered stump, putting a good
sized boulder in the opening to prevent any
night prowler from raiding it, and then lit
out after the two guides.

Did you ever try to keep pace with two
experienced woodsmen over a rough trail,
when it was on a life or death errand? I
did not suppose anything on two legs could

> 7 m1 Wi Ps i ¥ n s:
set and keep the pace that they did and car
a canoe at the same time.

It was getting late in the afternoon, in

fact, there were places along the trail that
were quite dark where the timber was heavy,
but when we finally did come out to the far
end of the portage above the rapids there
was still a couple of hours of daylight.

I sat in the midship’s section of the canoe
and the two woodsmen handled the paddles,
and considering the fact that it was up stream
all the way we fairly flew. One hour of this
and just where a small stream emptied into
the river the stranger ran the canoe ashore.
‘Follow it up,’’ he said, “‘it’s a little too swift
for paddling and we haven’t got time to
pole her up, but if you two will get out and
tow your boat you can walk all ze way, it
ees not deep.

“I go on ahead and get heem ready, and
he fairly rushed away, not taking to the
bank but half running up the shallow side of
the stream. He was soon lost to sight, but
ina short half hour we looked ahead as we
waded up the water course to see a small
wall tent standing on a point a few hundred
yards away.

I have seen sick men, but this young fel-
low —not much more than a boy—was very
sick. He opened his eyes and looked up
at us—a two days’ growth of beard did not
prevent one’s seeing that the fever he had
was rapidly getting the upper hand—and
once he had looked us over his mind began
to wander and he was babbling about the
great trip that was going to be the greatest
trip he’d ever had. “Say” he remarked
“T been waitin’ three years to take this trip.
Why I’d rather. come up here than go to
Europe—this was before the great war—
then he began about his girl, then what a
good fellow Pierre was, it was unnerving to
say the least to listen to his delirium.

“If we only had a light, one good stron
light. I could take heem t’roo de rapee
and catch one train I know of but we got
no light that’s good enough for the rapeed.”

“How about these? and I pulled out the
two Justrite lamps that I’d loaded with
carbide and stuck in my pocket when I left
the pack in the hollow stump —the two caps
Dan and I were still wearing.

‘Pierre looked them over carefully. I
nevair see one of him in action ”’ he remarked
slowly.

Quickly I filled the water cup, turned the
regulator on top. and once the hiss of the
escaping gas was audible I struck a match,
lighted the lamp and placing it on the cap
I wore I walked over where the shadows
were densest and threw the rays this way
and that in the gloom.

“By Gar! we will do it eef he burn like
that one hour we do fine.”

I informed him they would burn a good
four hours, three at the very least and with-
out more ado, Dan and Pierre made a stretch-
er of light poles and the paddles and between
the three of us we got the sick man com-
fortably placed in the bottom of the canoe.
I could not but help ask Pierre if he did not

think it dangerous to risk the sick one’s life

in the rapids, and he retorted. es

7

fs

Pra , 1ow. Dan and you think me

a reckless, maybe foolish man, it will take
two three hours to carry my fren’ roun’ by
ze portage, den I lose my train, I haf to wait
all night till ten nex’ day for train, my fren’
near dead now where he be if we do like
dat? I ask you where he be?”

“No I go t’roo rapeed if you let me take
lamp an’ canoe an’ if Dan no like to go I go
alone, if we upset I stay in de rapeed. I

_know dis boy’s fadder and he’s modder an’
by dam I tell them I tak care of heem an’
I will. If he drown I drown too.”

“Alright Pierre old boy, let’s get out of
here and they shoved the canoe out into the
stream a man on either side to steady it.
I was left behind to care for the camp until
Dan could get help and return, I was warned
against a case of canned pears which Pierre
said had caused all thear trouble but that
was the least of my worries as I determined
to leave all canned goods strictly alone on
this trip. I put in three days prowling ‘round
taking pictures, fishing and just enjoying
life generally, and the third afternoon Dan
appeared. He said he had even gone down
on the train as far as where they secured
the services of a good doctor.

The medicine man told him that another
two or three hours and he could have done
absolutely nothing.. “Why, man,” says Dan,
“do you know that kid had appendicitis; he
wasn t poisoned at all.”

Afterward he told me about t
of the rapids. ‘You see we ha

as it was shallow in a lot of places anc
canoe would run aground —that was befo
we hit the river. Well then we broke a
paddle and we had to hunt for two hour
before we found an extra one that Pie
had hidden on the way up. We never wou
have found that if we hadn’t had the lam
then when we reached the first rough water
the moon was just dropping behind the trees —
and say ol’ man I’m not timid but when we ©
went over that first bump and hit the white —
water I did not believe we'd ever make it, ©
but that fellow Pierre is a wonder.

I’ve —
gone through there in the daytime and always —
shipped a bit of water, but this trip we didn’t
take a drop aboard, thanks to the little lamps,
and Pierre says when we’re through with
this trip he wants the one he wore, not to
use, but for luck, as he calls it not a Justrite,
but “the Light that Saved.”

We had a successful trip Dan and I, in
every way, and when we came out who
should we meet at ‘‘Coon’s Landing” but
Pierre, who was waiting for “The Light that
Saved’’ and he also had the good news that
the boy was resting nicely at home. We
brought out their dunnage, tent, etc. The
canned goods are still there, as far as we
know, but there are four people, old timers
at the campin’ business, we call ourselves,
that use the Justrite lamp. It fills the bill
for reliability every time.

PHEASANT SHOOTING IN LINCOLN
| COUNTY, ONT.

Jas. S. Culp :

WELVE. years ago a number of Ring-

[ neck, or, Chinese pheasants were in-

troduced into Lincoln County. These
birds have thrived and increased to the ex-
tent that they have rapidly spread over the
whole Niagara Peninsula.
he comparatively mild winters with
plenty of grain, fruit, and insects for food,
make this district a most suitable breeding
ground for these beautiful birds. Although
wonderful devourers of insects, they also de-
stroy considerable quantities of fruit and
va especially the early varieties of toma-
oes.

The open season is awaited with undis-
puted interest, and many farmers and land
owners prepare for the inrushing sportsman
by putting up sign boards around their
holdings, announcing that trespassing and
shooting are forbidden. They claim they
feed the birds and are going to have the
satisfaction of having a good square meal off
them in return. The game laws of Ontario limit
the open season to four days with a bag
limit.of three cock birds to each gun. The
shooting of hen birds is strictly prohibited.

a ae

After making full arrangements for the
first day’s shoot.with a friend of mine who is a
large land owner near St. Catharines, I
boarded the 6.30 p.m. G. T. R. train at
Beamsville and was soon at my destination,
ready for the opening of the season on tne
morrow.

Morning came and after a good breakfast,
consisting of the old fashioned home made
bread and ham and eggs, Bill, Frank and my-
self followed my two pointers, Bess and Mack,
into the field. The sun came out through a
heavy mist, which it quickly dispelled by its
warm rays, and left us with a perfect autum-
nal day.

On our way out we could hear the sound
of guns all around us. There was sure some
battle raging against these birds.

Bill seemed to think we were rather late,
but I assured him the day was young, and we
were hunting with tne assistance of a pair of
pointers that were hard to equal on pheas-
ants.

The first covey was supposed to lie about
a half mile from the house and we quickly
reached the place. All was madefreadyzand

wks? A PE. Yop ah A NY or Ve, i
ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

i 2 a. 4
ie P ie
AN FW

MACK MAKING A FINE POINT

we entered a piece of cover containing some
low tufts of underbrush. The dogs had not
been working long, until I noticed Mack
frozen into a statue, nicely backed by Bess.
I sent Bill in, and to my surprise three cocks
jumped. Wairr, Whirr, Bang! Bang! Bang!
and we had three of the finest species of
Chinese pheasants one would wish to tuck
away in his game bag.

This was the first time either of my friends
had had the opportunity of shooting over
pointers and they were much interested in the
dogs and the way they set their game.

After we had examined our bird thorough-
ly we went on straight ahead to a piece of
standing corn that had not done well during
the past season. This kind of cover is just
what pheasants are looking for, and after the
dogs had made several nice stands, we
flushed a number of hen birds but no more
cocks.

A ten minute walk found us at an old
grapery that afforded a grand cover. The
dogs had not been working it long when Bess
made a beautiful stand near the centre of the
cover. We were soon on the job and flushed
another fine cock. Whirr! Bang! Frank
who had never shot a bird on the wing before,
made a nice neat shot, and a clean kill. which

was lucky for me, as I had forgotten to pump
icc, shell in my Winchester after the last
shot.

After another examination of our birds
we started our pipes, and were soon on our
way back to a bit ef cover containing some —
marsh grass. Just as the dogs entered the
cover they made a stand and Bill suggested
I get out the camera and get a snap. After
this had been accomplished we walked in and
four cocks and two hens flushed and believe
me there was some bombardment around
there for a few moments. However we
managed to make a clean up and added four
more plump cock birds to our bag.

After hunting several more covers with
no result we proceeded to the house with the
appetites of a dozen men.

After a good hearty dinner prepared by
Bill’s wife we climbed into McC’s big Cadillac
car along with several of his friends, and ran
up to Port Dalhousie for the afternoon shoot.

After working several covers with good
results, we returned with six more big plump
birds, making fourteen in all to our creait.
On our trip to the Port McC and his friends
did the shooting.

Thus ended a good day’s sport and one to
be long remembered.

WHEN BASS BITE

It is a well known fact that black bass bite
better in the coo! months than they do in the
warm ones, but just why no one has been able
to figure out conclusively. At the same time,
very good guesses may be, and always have
been made, the general belief being that the
fish are more voracious or hungry in the cooler
months through the fact that the cooler water
increases their activity, same as it does that of
human beings upon land. This, to a certain
extent, however, is a fallacy in so far as the
cool waters affect their appetite.

In the later part of May and the first part
of June they have been taking care of the
spawning beds and have had no opportunity

to go about in the search for the more delect-
able food, and as up to the spawning time
they have had very little to eat in consequence
of the long Winter’s hibernation, they are
on the watch at all times for food during the
latter part of June and while the waters are
still somewhat cool. And the _ successful
fisherman at this time is the one that selects
(accidentally or otherwise) the bait, that the
fish are used to finding at this season, and

serves it to them in the depths of water at
which they expect it to be. This is the time

when the still fisherman comes into his own

and the bait caster losesout. —_- ba

a0

(ae

f MATTERS PERTAINING TO
CONSERVATION. =: :-:

om

A PLEA FOR OUR BIRDS

E. D. Sismey

OW that the hunting season is again
N approaching it is a very excellent time
to warn gunners of their responsibilities.
A very good analogy can be drawn between
hunting and farming using the farm to draw
out points for the protection of our feathered
friends. The farmer sows his grain, reaps
and has a large crop—if he is in Canada—
realizes good prices and grows wealthy, but
he is sure to leave enough seed over to ensure
a repetition the following year. ‘Thus should
bird hunters in general while enjoying that
royal sport make sure that there are always
enough left over to produce a never ending
annual supply. Spring shooting, that abom-
ination, should be barred if not by law by a
man’s own sense of British fairplay. Surely
it is enough to decimate the Southern flight
without having to murder the poor fowl in
their Northward journey, when usually they
are paired off and ready on their arrival to
begin the arduous duties of raising a brood.
If one but pauses an instant to consider
the birds of the air and water generally, it

_ must strike home that they serve us a useful

purpose, other than the shallow excuse of
sport. Sport in the primary sense of the
word is search for food and in the dim past
our ancestors depended on hunting for their

_ very existence.

Going back to the farm one observes that
various foodstuffs including meat and fowl
are raised at the same time and care is taken
to have a continual stream growing up and
ready for our needs. If there is a shortage
the price of this commodity is raised thus
reducing the sale and the supply is conserved.
In such manner can a short season increase

the supply of game for the future.

y do not more people realize the vast
areas in the far North which are the natural
farm of our migratory birds, and look upon
this in such a light as to be sure and allow
enough to return each season to supply the
coming season’s need?

As in our city life the policeman is only for
the decadent few so should be the game
warden; who of us that witnessed a crime but
would report it to the proper authorities but
on the other hand how few of us who saw

_ game killed out of season would say a word

and how many of us, would ourselves earn a

- meal this way if we were sure we would be
perfectly safe in so doing.

It should be a part of a child’s education
to learn the economic value of game, or
rather of all, birds. No readers of the Rod
and Gun would say “some people steal,
therefore I will too,” but unfortunately a few
may say “other people kill game out of season,
so I will too.’ If it were learnt in childhood
that killing game out of season was as much
a crime as Stealing, this state of affairs would
not exist long.

In many parts of B. C. that I know most
of the birds are killed before the season opens.

It is a great pity that an act to cover the
whole of North America in which every bird
was mentioned and either protected or out-
lawed is not framed. The annual total of
birds that are murdered must be enormous.
Many of course are-killed through ignorance
but many more are killed through sheer lust
of blood. It is thought that many of the
smaller hawks and owls are responsible for
killing chickens and small game and are killed
on this account. Really they are martyred
for the acts of the larger members of their
family. Extensive investigations in the
United States have proved that not only is
this a fallacy but that these birds destroy
thousands of rodents of a harmful nature;
many smaller birds too are accused of eating
fruit and grain: while this may be true to a
greater or lesser extent at the same time they
are responsible for eating innumerable weed
seeds and insects, which even as it is tax the
farmer’s pocket and ingenuity in his efforts
to destroy. It has been said that were it not
for birds, insect life would increase to such an
extent as to render the earth uninhabitable.
While this may be an exaggeration it would
be a risky experiment to try.

Blood lust is hard to eradicate. Our
migratory water birds are scarcer than they
used to be while sportsmen and gunners (a
gunner not always being a sportsman) are in
steadily increasing numbers and though I am
ashamed to put it on paper many of the

GUNNERS here are CHINAMEN whose’

actions prove them to be murderers. of the
deepest dye.

Personally I am a keen sportsman: last
season I hunted over a pretty large slough.
I tramped and hid and because I had no boat
on more than one occasion dived into the icy
river in the early morning rather than lose a
killed bird. I must have been out on at least

495

aie
1
yee f

496 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

thirty occasions and yet my total bag was
only eighteen mallard and three or four other
ducks. Of this I do not complain and take it
all in a day’s sport but what sickens me is the
sight of dozens of American Coot (Mudhens,
Killdeer, Yellowlegs, Spotted Sandpiper

(Teeter Tail), Crebes (Helldivers) Loons,

CPM ALEY Abin ee chi sR

Terns and other varieties of birds lyin
washed up, murdered on the shores. Such
Hun like actions should not be tolerated.

Our birds are given us to enjoy, to gladden
our hearts by their sight, our ears by their
song, and some of them to furnish us with food.
Why try and exterminate such treasures?

GAME PRESERVATION IN VERMONT

E .R. Kerr

HE history of the success of the people

I of Vermont in restoring the white-

tailed deer ot that State after the species
had been exterminated, and breeding it back
tofa high state of “‘efficiency,’’ is a lesson
that every Province in Ontario may well
study and put in practice.

In 1875 several public spirited gentlemen
of Rutland became so dissatisfied with the
results of deer extermination in Vermont
that they patriotically determined to try
to restore the species and redeem the reputa-
tion of the State. Accordingly they pro-
cured thirteen deer from the Adirondacks,
imported them and set them free in the open
forest seven miles from Rutland. About the
same time a law was passed absolutely pro-
tecting all deer in Vermont until further
notice.

For years the result was barely noticeable,
in the fact that the original stock had sur-
vived, and was slowly multiplying. Later on;
deer began to appear at frequent intervals,
spreading all over the wooded portions of
the State. Finally, after a lapse of twenty-
two years, deer had become so numerous that
it was decided that a part of the young male
increase might each year legitimately be
hunted and killed for food. Under a new
law permitting the killing of bucks only, deer
hunting began in 1896.

From that time down to the present, the
greatest sport of Vermont has been deer-
hunting. The enforcement of the law pro-
tecting females has led to a continuous in-
crease. :

Presently the depredations of deer in
gardens and orchards became serious, and
the legislature responded with a_ law pro-
viding that each County should appraise
damages*§by deer, and pay the amounts

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awarded out of the County treasury. This
prevented the awarding of exhorbitant sums
as damages, and the law has been in successful
operation for a number of years. The total
amount paid out for deer damages each year
amounts to less than $2,500 for the entire
State, and the value of the venison taken
each year, figured at $15 per carcass, amounts
to more than $75,000. These figures are
based on the records of the two years 1908-9 ~
when 7,186 deer were killed, and $4,865 were
paid as damages.

The Vermont experiment has proven a great
success. The sanity of the Hornaday Plan
and the business-like methods employed, re-
mind all of us of the methods pursued in the
great deer forests of Austria, where the herds
are exactly regulated, and maintained genera-
tion after generation with decided profit to
the people concerned.

With similar initiative and _ intelligence,
and resolute enforcement of the law by the
government backed-up by strong protective
associations throughout this country, the
waste woodlands, fields and marshes can be
made to yield millions of killable game birds
and animals each year at a comparatively
very low cost.

The question is, are the Canadian sports-
men and citizens equal to such work in the
utilization of the opportunities of Nature?
Are the sportsmen of this country prepared
to do their bit in the organization of the right
kind of protective bodies and illustrate to
those in power and authority that they can
depend upon them in emergencies like the
present? If not, then I think the dictation
of game legislation, protection and perpetua-
tion of sport should come from some other
source.

Een eS emcee NE
AUN eee
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REAL MEANING OF THE GAME
SANCTUARY

E.R.

the bringing back of wild life is badly
needed and desired because it will bring
back some of the vanished game.

This system would take nothing from the
public domain. It would not change the
legal status of one acre of public land, except
by protecting the game upon it from being
killed.

It would sequestrate no agricultural lands
and no grazing lands. The areas in view for
these sanctuaries are the wild, remote, rugged
and now useless regions, utterly useless for
agriculture and for grazing. Any settler
who goes into such a region to live is doomed
to perpetual poverty because he cannot
conquer steep mountain-sides and V-shaped-
valleys.

It is not the part of wisdom to let those
now desolate regions forever remain desolate,
producing nothing of value to man save
timber and water. Even the sheepmen and
cattlemen admit this,—so far as heard from.

If Ontario, or any other Province, has no
forest lands that are unsuitable for agriculture
and stock grazing, then Ontario need not
have any game sanctuaries. There is no
thing mandatory about the plan, and the
Prime Minister ies a check on operations in
his Province.

If the people, during our last campaign,
had not said that they desired these sanc-
tuaries and all that they will do for Ontario,
we would not now be working on the estab-
lishment of Game sanctuaries and the or-
ganizing of protective societies or bodies
throughout the Province. No one has been

th system of Game Sanctuaries for

ba

Kerr

asked to try and ‘‘rush” legislation through é :
the House.

This whole matter is proposed to the © B:

Legislature on a basis of absolute good faith.
It is not intended as an “entering wedge”
for big appropriations and a lot of new high-
salaried positions; but eventually it will
cost a very small sum of money per year.
Personally I never will ask for and never will
approve the making of “big appropriations”
under this head. If the plan is not worth
a small sum of money each year, it is not
worth considering. We call it real, “con-
structive conservation,” on a large scale, at
practically no extra cost.

If at any time the people of Ontario decide
that the public welfare demands the break-
ing up of sanctuary areas, and their opening
to settlement and land speculation, then
“Jet the tail go with the hide,” and decon-
secrate and break up the game sanctuaries
at the same time. I can stand it if all the
other sportsmen can.

Many men and boys in Ontario will be
affected by the proposed sanctuary plan
of bringing back w.ld life. Many men and
boys go hunting each year, and kill game—
if they can find any. To them this sanctuary
plan means a continuation of legitimate
sport. Are they, by their actions, silence
and negligence going to take it or let it
“go by the boards.” Speak out some of
you. Is it not about time that the sports-
men were sitting down to their writing desks
and ‘‘storming” the Department of Fish and
Game as they did in behalf of the no-sale-
of-Duck-Law? Are®all of us slumbering?

MEMORANDUM RESPECTING
MIGRATORY BIRDS

HE recent ratification by the United

States Senate of a treaty between

Great Britain and the United States
marks the successful conclusion of the ne-
gotiations which have been conducted for
some time with a view to securing co-opera-
tiom between Canada and the United States
for the protection of migratory birds. This
treaty constitutes a substantial advance
toward the efficient conservation of North
American wild life.

At the North American Conservation Con-
ference held in Washington in 1909, and
attended by representatives from Newfound-
land, Canada, United States and Mexico, the
international problems presented by the pro-
per conservation of natural resources were
fully realized. The necessity for international

j 497

action was especially obvious with regard to
migratory wild life. In Canada and the
United States, the protection of this in-
valuable resource is vested in the individual
provinces and states, respectively. Hunting
restrictions and other protective laws were
extremely diverse in both character and
efficiency with the result that the beneficial
effects of adequate protection in one portion
of the continent were largely nullified by
the lack of similar measures in other por-
tions. As stated in the preamble of the
Treaty, many species of migratory bird are
of great value as a source of food, or in
destroying insects which are injurious to
forests and forage plants on the public do-
main as well as to agricultural crops in both
the United States and Canada, but are never-

Se

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Roe

‘a
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Bi iets ik

498

theless in danger of extermination through
lack of adequate protection during the nest-
ing season or while on their way to or from
their breeding grounds. To secure stricter

a and more uniform protection the arrange-

ment for co-operative protection by Canada

and the United States has been conclided.
It is to be noted that the treaty does not

affect the administration of the provincial
ame laws, but aims merely to insure in
anada as in the United States the minimum
of protection regarded as essential to the

_ permanent preservation of the wild life re-

source of North America.
The provisions of the treaty apply to such

peeratory birds as are either useful to man,
or are harmless, and are enumerated as
follows:

1. Migratory Game Birds:

(a) Anatidae or waterfowl, includ-
ing brant, wild ducks, geese and
swans.

(b) Gruidae or cranes, including
little brown, sandhill, and whoop-
ing cranes.

(c) Rallidae or rails, including coots,
gallinules and sora and other
rails.

(d) Limicolae or shorebirds, includ-
ing avocets, curlew, dowitchers,
godwits. knots, oyster catchers,
phalaropes, plover, sandpipers,
snipe, stilts, surf birds, turn-
stones, willet, woodcock, and
yellow legs.

(e) Columbidae or pigeons, includ-
ing doves and wild pigeons.

2.. Migratory Insectivorous Birds:
Bobolinks, catbirds, chickadees,
cuckoos, flickers, flycatchers,
grosbeaks, hummingbirds, king-
lets, martins, meadowlarks,night-
hawks or bullbats, nut-hatches,
orioles, robins, shrikes, swallows,
swifts, tangers, titmice, thrushes,
vireos, warblers, waxwings, whip-
poorwills, woodpeckers and wrens
and all other perching birds which
feed entirely or chiefly on insects.

3. Other Migratory Nongame Birds:
Auks, auklets, bitterns, fulmars,
gannets, grebes, guillemots, gulls,
herons, jaegers, loons, murres,
petrels, puffins, shearwaters, and
terns.

Nhe
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aes

7 Al

ROD AND GUN IN

re x

CANAD

The main article of the treaty provides that
the close season on migratory serpin. shall
be between March 10th to September Ist,
and that the hunting season shall be further
restricted to a period not exceeding three
and a half months. In the case of the pro-
vinces and states bordering on the Atlantic
Ocean, and situated wholly or in part north
of Chesapeake Bay, an exception is made
whereby the close season on shore birds shall
be between February 1st and August 15th.
The close season on migratory insectivorous
birds and on other migratory nongame birds
shall continue throughout the year, although
Eskimos and Indians are permitted, at any
season, to take certain species for food and
clothing, but not for sale.

During a period of ten years following the
conclusion of the treaty there shall be a
continuous close season on the following
migratory gamebirds:

Band-tailed pigeons, little brown,
sandhill, and whooping cranes,
swans, curlew, and all shorebirds
except the black-breasted and
golden plover, Wilson~or jack
snipe, woodcock, and the greater
and lesser yellowlegs. .

It is agreed also that special protection
shall be afforded the wood duck and the eider
duck, either by a five-year close season, the
establishment of refuges or in some other
approved manner. The taking of eggs of
birds protected under the treaty, and inter-
provincial, interstate and international traffic
in such birds, or their eggs, during the con-
tinuance of the close season, is strictly pro-
hibited, except for scientific or propagating
purposes. Provision is made for the proper
labelling of such shipments, when foals
made, also for the issuance of permits to ki
any of the protected species, which under
extraordinary conditions, may become ser-
iously injurious to agricultural interests, in
any particular community.

In accordance with the terms of the con-
cluding article; the treaty shall remain in
force for fifteen years and in the event of
neither of the high contracting powers having
given notification twelve months before the
expiration of that period, it shall continue
to remain in force for one year and so on
from year to year.

RANDOM LEAVES ON AUTUMN
FISHING

Robert Page Lincoln

E are prone, in giving the pastime of
W angling or fishing our consideration,

to associate it rather impartially with
the summer season of the year. And all too
common is this natural feeling that in such
months alone is the pastime up to standard;
that in this month alone can fish be taken;
that all other seasons of the year will register
a blank page in the history of one’s piscatorial
endeavours. Yet anyone who has seen fit
to follow this favorite pastime in any other
season knows that the late spring fishing
and the autumnal fishing are things to con-
jure with. In the matter of spring fishing
for the trout needless to say some of the
best fishing of the year is to be obtained at
this season and the opening day often brings
a number of fine fish to creel that the sum-
mer season may not afford.

Spring is the season of spawning for most
of the fishes however, but this does not
hold true in the case of the speckled brook
trout whose annual spawning operations take
place in the early autumn, often reaching
far up into October. Thus in spring there
is no special harm done in taking them,
where harm would be done in taking them
in their spawning season in autumn. In
the matter of the other spring-spawning
fishes were the fish that are spawned out,
kept, and were the females, fat with spawn,
returned to the water the visible harm would
be slight indeed, and never an infraction
against the laws of Nature. Also the keep-

g of male fish in the early part of the fish-

§ season is not, in any great respect, harm-
Nj. But best of all, discounting the sum-
ner season, the autumnal fishing is the best
1 at the year has to offer. Personally I
unnot think of fishing without including

September, October and November on™the
list. To do so would imply sheer forgetful-
ness of splendours and witcheries galore.
My faith in these seasons amounts to a pas-
sion and to have missed their charms is in-
deed to have failed, in appreciating some of
the best things the planet can afford. In-
deed, in assuming a review of recollections
I affirm that in Autumn most of one’s delights
are inaugurated, not alone in fishing but in
the wonderful brilliance of the scenery; the
foriage of the trees now in full glow, each
bush and bit’of leafage vying one with the other
to produce the most winning effect. This
becomes generally noticeable in September.
That month may have all the warmth of
August at her height—and the first two
weeks of her reign may be but a counterpart
of the latter month; the same wayside flowers,
the same dusty roads; the same harvest sun-
shine and the same harvest sun sinking red
into the clouds by night. But the nights
will be cooler by far, and as time creeps on
the frosts will be busy. The last two weeks
of September will witness autumn finally
founded and summer fled with her train.
The gentian weather is come. And with
autumn comes the same sepulchral stillness
as of old. The contemplative angler (the
only angler worthy of the name) will notice
it. He figures too at the rare delight it
affords him and the odd wonder of it all.
Never does one experience to such a degree
the feeling that it is not all of fishing merely
to fish; he then realizes that nature, the
woods, the waters, the skies and the birds
are the great background and foundation
of his recreation. In a phrase: the getting
back to natural life, closer to the breast of
Mother Earth.

499

pt

More pleasant by far is the state of the
weather in this month. The severe heat is
past; there is a half chill in the air.

The sunshine is never quite so clear, and
undimmed as now; for the state of unpleasant
humidity is not present to obstruct the at-
mosphere. The vision for great distances
is as though g:ven an ablution; a clarification;
a subtle transformation from a sometimes
unbearable extreme to a comfortable tight-
ness. The shadows are deep along the wood
edges; the bush coverts let out a mouldering
smell that is reminisciently fragrant. The
grass is lush and of the darkest possible
green. Nor alone are these the most win-
ning of nature’s autumnal attractions for in
and around the lakes one notes attractions
that the other seasons have not to their credit.
Now the waters seem like one unbroken,
unmarred sheet of glass—an aspect like
that afforded by a mirror. Now and then
a breeze will start counteracting riffles across
an expanse but invariably the waters sup-
side, with the universal stillness, to a like
unstirring peace, which only serves to accen-
tuate the neutral harmony of all things.
On the rounding lake shores the woods stand
out in their variegated coloration, the hues
mingled and interspersed, forming delightful
billows of fire; of red, of yellow, of russet and
orange. It seems readily enough that Nature
has outdone herself in these, her most elabor-
ate productions.

And yet the picture these form is not over-
wrought; everything is mellow and in har-
mony with immediate or far removed vicini-
ties. The reflections that are mirrored on the
water are startling in their clearness, the
evening hour seems so completely inveloped
in beauty that one is content to simply view
it all—for words come haltingly, at such a
time.

What days for pene

Has summer a shade ‘in leadership over
these other days of calmness and freshness;
when all things half-way seem to rest, with
ripeness reached its acknowledged climax.
Think you has June one whit the grandeur
of October; July with her heats and varied
millions of insects or August with her dog
days anything superior to October?

_ Naw the unbearable heat has fled. The
fish in the hot summer days have been dull
and inactive, and have confined themselves
to feeding inshore mostly in the very early
morning hours and the late evening. The
hours of daylight, from eight o’clock in the
morning till four o’clock in the afternoon
have seen them, almost to a unit, retire to
the cool depths of the lake, and even though

_ Teached with the line, have refused all bait.

Soreness of the mouth has in the majority of
cases been the cause of this. Even the sun-
fish have gone into seclusion. In the case
of the larger fishes, the pike, the muskies
and the pickerel the soreness of the mouth
has been very pronounced indeed, many
claiming (though without any deliberate
proof) that the muscallonge, at least, shed
their teeth in August, new teeth replacing
the old ones sometime in the month of Sep-
tember. In the case of the pickerel etc., a
soreness of the gums is readily noticeable,
and owing to this they absolutely refuse to

strike a lure. Many hold that fish at that
eran ere season of the year feed u

A

illions of animalcules, or parasitical lifeinthe
water, and from the vegetation, now flower- —
ing. In point of fact it will be noted that —
the water at this stage is filled with count-
less specks. Under a strong lens these will
be found to be living organisms. No doubt
they form a ready food for the fish; but
whichever way, true it is that they all seem
to refuse bait, however tempting at other
seasons of the year.

September finds the fish again in a striking
mood and especially in the northern waters
the various members of the clan of Esox take
the spoon without overly strenuous coaxing.
In point of fact it may be said that all the
fish, after a dubitable period of inactivity
are marshalling out to feed and prey, which-
ever it be, and if the right hours are selected
and if a good bait is used one need not go home
as lucklessly as he did in July and her sister
month, August. The coming of cooler wea-
ther is practically the answer to this state
of affairs. If the gums of the fish have been
tender, swollen or otherwise, this condition
has been naturally removed and the fish is
again in the pink of condition. But October
witnesses the larger fishes abroad, and from
the first of that month till the snow flies
in November the fishing is at its very best.
The savagery with which the muskies now hit
the spoon is at times startling; and the same,
only more so, is true of that sleek barbarian,
the great northern pike. The coolness of
the water has aroused in him a latent vim
and pugnaciousness that at this season of
the year is at its dominance. Nor alone are
the musky, the pike and the pickerel abroad.
The black bass again take the artificials as
they do at the beginning of the season. They
are sallying inshore now, and if it is true
that they are taken at all it is also true that
the largest ones are circumvented at this
time. Just why I am unable to relate, if
it is not also true that they likewise become
imbued with new life and caloric energy.
As at any other time of the year you prove
your wisdom, i.e., your fish intelligence by
selecting the artificial that time and reputa-
tion has proven the most crafty and attractive
among all. Like anything else it is a matter
of the day, the striking mood of the fish and
the kind of minnow you use. If you are cast-
ing from your boat be sure and use as much
governing caution as possible.. The more
caution you use in autumn the better your
success I have come to firmly believe. On
many counts there is reason for this. The
finny tribes are more generally alert than
before; and the stillness, the clarity of the
atmosphere; and also, the clearness of the
water enable them to see for long distances.
Use caution if casting inshore from your
boat and make twenty-five and thirty foot
casts if possible. Experience has shown
that wobbler minnows are best in the early
part of the summer fishing season and in
the mid-autumnal stretch, particularly Oc-
tober. Random notes from old account
books show that most successes at this time
of the year have been with minnows, white —
in coloration, or white with an added red to
it for a charmer. A wobbler with a not too —

Serius ks sa oss ARN Ra aa A MR EL el
eh ae FISHING NOTES |

iy

drastic and erratic progress is given first
place. Nor alone are the wobblers good at
this season of the year. The under waters,
of many types work very well indeed. I
recall that one autumnal day some years
ago I caught near to the limit using a certain
well-known under water minnow, but
cannot just define my success and the reason
for it save that the bass were in a strange
striking mood just then, for at no other time
had I used that minnow successfully. In
point of fact I had quite discarded it and
only chanced to have it along. But it will
be noted at the same time that certain well-
known minnows that rarely failed me I had
used that same day with wholly indifferent
success. Anyone who expects luck using
the artificials, I firmly believe, must change
from one to another till the right one is found.
They may take to this color, or that; they
may prefer a blend, or mottled effect to one of
one color, etc. It is for the angler to find
out through patient fishing just which one
is the best.

® Many fishermen hold, and I affirm it as
true; that October is a month when bass are
best taken upon the live frog and, by means
of other live bait. I vastly prefer wading
and casting when using the frog inasmuch
as by this medium the least possible sound
is made; your chances of being seen and creat-
ing a disturbance are vastly reduced. For
with friend Richard Steele, (than whom there
never was a better bass fisherman I swear)
I agree that “caution, above all things, should
be recognized as the prime essential. Try
and fish naturally and there is not a bass will
turn away without a close investigation and
sampling of what you have to offer. Dis-
obey that prime requisife and you may as
well stay at home.”

Wading for bass along the shores, and
casting into the pads is the system I refer to.
Ordinarily you don your hip boots for the
sally, you push your way along, without
noise and you cast out to the edge of the pads,
reeling in your line easily instead of with
any semblance of speed. You need of course
a weedless hook, the barb of which is de-
fended by a soft wire guard in preference to
the stiff brand which is too inactive to the
snap of the fish. The best hook for the pur-
pose that I know of is the South Bend weed-
less hook mentioned a number of times in our
columns. I prefer their unweighed hook
to the one weighed. I figure that the heft
of the frog is sufficient to lower it. As a
matter of fact a weighed hook is only used
in deep water ,and is quite out of Bince in
shallow water.

In fishing along the shores in October select
the hours from four o’clock until dark, and
if bass are rising watch a rise and cast a
matter of two feet to the side of it—landing
your frog on the brim as easily as possible.
Retrieve for a distance of three feet, mom-
entarily pause and then continue reeling.
When you make a catch, set the hook firm
and reel quite fast for you will, as likely as
not, be in the depths of the pads.

The primary reason why most bass fisher-
men have no catches when in a boat fishing
toward the pads, (a distance of thirty feet

_) from the outer edge) is that they fish stretches

ia

' cede the line.

holding few, if any fish. Ordinarily one —
casts inshore to the edge of the pads and ;
out. In only few instances are bass along ~
that outer edge, being further inshore, some- _
times in the evening but a few feet from
shore, feeding. The wading method wins
on all counts above the boat method.

Muscallonge, pike and pickerel take the
spoonhook with the usual show of avidity.
Few are now fishing for when August ends,
so does the fishing season formally see the
curtain lowered—as a time-worn formality,
truly, but not from lack of fish being taken.
The lakes are everywhere free from boats.
The resorters are tled, and only the man
who is after big and better fish remains.

The time-honored Skinner and Hilder-
brandt spoons are: always best employed
in their smaller sizes than the large. A
Number 9 Skinner may do for June but
I prefer vastly the Number 5 and 6 for fall
trolling and the record it has is ample evidence
of its leadership. Your line should have
a twenty or twenty-five pound test to it;
particularly recommendable are the lines pro-
duced by Lou Eppinger (the Osprey) and one
of Japanese silk by Gus Habich, at Indian-
apolis, Indiana (the now well-known Mono-
gram). Many new musky and pike fisher-
men complain to me, that, among other
things, they lose many of their catches by
the fish sawing the line with their teeth.
The remedy for this is the piano-wire or
copper-wire leader which should always pre-
For it should be remembered
that both the vicious great northern pike
and the musky over-strike” and if they en-
counter bare line, instead of wire the afore-
mentioned fault will be assured. The wire
will remedy it.

If it is true that the largest bass and like
fish are taken in the fall season, the same
may be said in regard to the pike and mus-
callonge. The reason is unanswerable.

Amateurish work at handling a taken fish
will often result in the big fellow getting away.
A small calibered rifle, Stevens pistol or a
gaff (automatic or clincher) will work into
situations of the sort very well indeed. If
the big fellow can be shot five feet from the
boat a splash is avoided. But the moment
a human being is seen the demon of flight
possesses him and away he goes. The colder
the water the more fight-loving and long-
winded they are.

Especially in this season of the year is
the pickerel worthy of your tackle. Summer
may have seen him sluggish and perhaps dis-
gusting; where pike or muskies have been
looked for pickerel have chanced along. They
truly show some mettle now and the closer
one gets to cold weather the larger they are.
The largest pickerel are taken in the winter
through the ice and I recall one winter in
particular where a party annexed (in one week
in a spota half mile square) three pickerel
weighing from 16 to 18 pounds.

Autumn on more than one count is a delight
and asensation. In a piscatorial sense it has
a charming apartness from the usual rote of
things. It has a breadth and a freshness
that leaves one with a recollection that is
not hampered and obscured by certain dis-

agreeable circumstances, as those, for instance,
that arise in summer fishing.

ret ae. ¢
'» ae

if e Re . ‘
5

ie irik! PA bes.’ Wworehd res yrs
man who goes north in the fall, with hur
ing as an object should not fail to take al

tackle. I am not presupposing anyth Paty
Late fishing and the possibilities attached
to it are unlimited. :

LETTERS BY THE.WAY °2 3

Being An Interchange of Epistles Between Robert Page Lincoln and Doctor

Harry Gove of New Brunswick.

I.
& Leonardville,
Deer Island,
New Brunswick,
ie February 14th.
~ Robert Page Lincoln.
= Dear Sir:— ; :
—-You will pardon me writing you this letter
but as I belong to the fraternity of the Fly-
_ Tyers it will be some excuse of the sort and
self-explanatory. I have by the way tied
flies for twenty-five years, and not to be
- egotistical I think I can do it as well as any
man in America excepting yourself. The
_ late John Harrington Keene with whom the
__ world of anglers is very well familiar through
| his writings on piscatorial subjects, was my
friend for half a lifetime and we worked to-
gether at tying flies for years. Needless to
relate all that he knew about it I think I
know. Poor Keene and I spent many a
_ pleasant day together in friendly rivalry on
some of the many beautiful rivers of New
- Brunswick. I do not mean to flatter you
- in any way when I say that I am extremely
_ pleased with your very lucid and practical
articles'on Fly Making which have appeared
in Rod and Gun—our magazine. I look
_ forward with pleasure to their perusal for
it is not strange that anything of the sort
- should be a pleasure to me and to all those
who love to fish and linger along the sides of
the summer trout streams; and in spare
moments talk shop. :
I have been rather interested in your
- method of tying the detached bodied fly
and naturally cannot help but suggest a
~ method which undoubtedly you will care to
take up, as I hope with every bit of success.
_ Try therefore making the body of the detached
bodied fly over a very fine cambric needle.
_ And another little help I will herewith add as
follows: Dissolve white resin in turpentine
to the consistency of molasses; put a little on
the thumb and finger to wax your silk and
you will never again use any more wax. I
ean fasten a strand of gut to any eyed hook
with only eight turns of silk that no man in
Canada can pull off. I may add herewith
that I have some of the most beautiful tying
silk in the world. If you would like some
of it I will be delighted of course to send it
to you. I will also add that it is particularly
adapted for tying the most minute flies.

I learnt how to tie flies when I was a stu-
dent at the University of Edinburgh, from a
Scotch expert. I will add that he also in-
structed me in the art of salmon fly tying,

which is not so difficult after all if you have —
the fingers and of course the necessary fea- —
thers. Many of the salmon flies are com-
plicated affairs; and much of the material
that goes into their making is hard to be
gotten hold of. I make my own rods and |
I will add here that I am a crank ona ten
foot greenheart rod, spliced in the middle.
I know very little about salmon rods, but
as I have discovered a salmon river in my _
vicinity that I can reach in an hour anda
half in my fast motor boat I want to try it.
Now about the size of ferrules for a three ©
joint salmon fly rod—what do you think of ©
making the first ferrule No. 9 and the second
one No. 4? This would, I think, give about
the right taper and would weigh in or around
twenty ounces which would be, without doubt,
the better weight. I propose to make the
pa of ash and the other two joints of green-
eart. n marc
And now speaking about rods I will say
that I once made a greenheart fly rod the most
powerful rod I ever handled for fly casting: __
It measures 11 feet, 2 inches and weighs
eleven ounces; the butt overhand is one-
half and one-sixteenth inch; the first ferrule
one-half inch; the second one-fourth inch and ~~
the top is tapered to a little less than one-
eighth inch, outside measurement. With a
rod of this description Mr.’ Malloch of Perth,
Scotland, cast a line of ordinary caliber a dis-
tance of 30. yards. If you want a rod that
won't disappoint you on a long cast have
one made according to the above measure-
ments. :
As I have mentioned I am much pleased +
with your method of tying the detached bod- —
ies on that sort of a fly or flies. A favorite
tying of mine is to take the waste ends of
a hank of gut, dye them a light yellow and
make the detached body with this. I may
relate that a body dressed in this manner
is singularly transparent and has the peculiar
glistening appearance of the May-fly. An- ©
other method of mine is to cover the detached _
body with gold tinsel. Then get the clearest
and thinnest rubber snaps used by druggists _
to snap on a prescription box; pull it to the -
breaking point and cover the tinsel body with —
it. The illusion of transparency is perfect and ~
is beautiful in its interpretation of the dazzlin
May-fly. I am sure that this method y
appeal to you, and I suggest that at your
venience you tie some following my meth
It occurs to me that the more you thi
about it the better you will like it. |
duck’s feather is the ideal feather.

a :

ave nothing as yet to satiate the portentious
transparency of the wings of the Ephemeridae,
except the material we are at present ex-
Peete with and of course you are aware
that it will make a complete and absolute
revolution in the tying of artificial flies to
really and truly imitate nature, not in the
hap-hazard manner now foisted upon the
innocent public but something actually sub-
stantial and actually so real as to be deceiving
even to the human eye. When our new flies
are completed and anglers have tried them
out they will realize what poor make-shifts
they have hitherto been angling with.

I have before this mentioned the making
of the detached body of a fly of a needle, over
which is wrapped a rubber snap. This is so
valuable and so unique that I simply must
outline it to you herein, as it appears you
are not familiar with the system, and it is
one of the best that I know of. I am sending
with this practical lesson some illustrations
of it, the various moves and I am sure that
you will have no trouble in making detached
bodies from the following directions. First
of: all fix a fine needle in the fly-tying vice,
horizontally, the point of the needle toward
the-right. In regard to the nature of the
material of the needle I will say that it should
be«the finest that you can find. Having
fastened in the needle, cut a small wedge piece
of cork with a slit made transversely across
the sharp edge. Fig. 1 shows how to cut the
cork. «Now take the fibers to imitate the
whisks of a fly and pull them carefully into
thejslit as in Fig. 2, then set the wedge astride

No. 1 shows the split cork referred to in this letter;

No. 2 shows the tail whisks pressed into the slit; No. 3
_ shows needle in vice and cork and whisks put down on

needle; No. 4 shows the detached body ready to take

out; No. 5 shows hook in vice, partially built up, and
detached body ready to install: No. 6 shows detached

body wound on with thread; No. 7 shows the next
_ move; and No. 8 the detached body completed and the
rest of the .ly ready tor attention.

Now take a finely strip of p

canized indiarubber, and having
the forefinger and thumb with tu
roll the strip lightly between the fo
and thumb till it begins to get tacky y
is almost immediately. ve
Stretch it out, slowly extending it
times its original length. .Having done
take one end of the strip in either hand,
it across the needle and over the root
of the fibers. Wind toward the left wit
right hand, easing the tension of ‘the in
rubber as the winding proceeds, to tap
the body. Remove the wedge of cork fr

pushing it off the nails of the left forefin
and thumb. In a few minutes the b
will be to all intents and purposes a solid pie
of rubber—soft, flexible, transparent
durable. Remove the needle from the vi
and fix in the latter a hook of the proper
size. Then wax a length of tying silk and
commencing at a point close to the bend,
wind a half dozen turns towards the left.
When the india rubber body is in the posi-
tion shown in Fig. 5, tie it firmly but not too
tightly with a few turns towards the right, —
fasten the silk in the clip. Now separate —
the two ends of the india-rubber, stretch
one of them out, cut it off as closely as pos-
sible. Pull out the other end as far as it —
will stretch without breaking and wind tightly —
toward the left over tne tying silk, wind
back again toward the right to form the ~
thick shoulders of the fly, fasten off with two
turns of the tying silk towards the right,
ana then fasten the silk in tne clip. Streten
out the waste end of tne rubber and cut ~
it away. This, when properly constructed,
makes a beautiful fly. It is necessary to
cut the soft rubber with a sharp razor fre-
quently dipped in water. This fly can be
made very quickly by an expert, perhaps in
about four minutes so you can readily see
and understand that it is no time-taker.

A sort of varnish such as you have previous-
ly spoken of which will render silk-bodied
flies waterproof without destroying either
the luster or the colour, is an eminently de-
sirable thing.

Twenty years ago I received a package
in the mail containing a small bottle of alcohol
in which were three or four flies. I recognized
them at once as a large species of the Ephe-
meridae known universally throughout Can-
adian territory as the Canadian Soldier.
I also received a letter stating that the rivers
were alive with them and that the trout
fed on them to the almost absolute exclusion
of everything else. Could I make a fly
that the fish would take that looked like
these, the letter ran. Following this. query
I tied a dozen detached bodied flies in the
following way and sent them. I hook three
or four strands of gut to make the detached —T
body and cover them with a very light yellow-
colored wheat-straw soaked well in boiling
water to render them soft and pliable. Just
below the hackle I put two turns of flat gold
tinsel—just you know to make it a point of
selection. To my surprise in a short time I
received a letter from the sender of the insects —
who kept a general store saying: ‘‘What

ee

ee OT ea

504

“ae you tie me twenty gross of these flies
or?’

I didn’t want to bother with them at the
time so I immediately replied: 30 cents
each. It was of no avail. He took up tne
offer at once. I tied him lots of these flies
afterward, and strange to say the fishermen
up there would not look at anything except a
detached bodied fly. There is a reason for
it and a good one—it is the correct shape.
I have some coloured plates of English imita-
tions of May-flies. They resemble in’ my
humble opinion nothing so much as a boiled
hen with the feathers on. They look like
Grimes’ description of Bugs which you may
have read in my article in this magazine,
namely: The Land of the Bug. Mr. Grimes
appears in that justly celebrated effort of
mine. I trust we can make a May-fly that
will not look as though it ought to be chained
up. As Jim says:

Fish yer trout with worms and minnies,

This is my advice to you-uns;

When we're et alive with insects,

Fer God’s sake don’t make no new ones.

Hoping to hear from you as the mood
strikes,

Sincerely yours,
Harry Gove.

Tk
Dr. Harry Gove.
Dear Friend :—

To say that I was pleased on receiving
your letter of recent date is putting it mildly.
I treasure your letter very highly indeed and
the information that you have tendered in this
communication is of a very high value to me.
I have followed the various directions you
have given in your letters on how to make
the detached body of the fly by means of the
thin strip of unvulcanized rubber and the
fine needle and must say that the plan is a
good one indeed. At that I will say that
the degree of success I have had using the
transparent rubber snap, as you have direct-
ed is of a value that cannot be over-estimated.
I am very glad that you have been so kind
as to teach me this simple process.

I was surprised that you should think high-
ly of the articles that I have written in Rod
and Gun upon the subject of fly-tying. I
simply wished to get some of the brothers
started tying their own flies and perfecting
their own tackle, for doing so they will not
only bring to themselves a_ good deal of
pleasure but will at the same time save them-
selves a great deal of money, which is yearly
expended for the purpose of filling out one’s
paraphernalia. Not the least of these pur-
chases is the flies that cost sixty cents to two
dollars per dozen. By a little study and
patience one may tie his own flies at a cost
so small that he will surprise himself. This
-will be nothing new to you. The articles
I put out in this magazine were more to
get anglers started along the fly-tying road
than anything else. If I have~ succeeded
in getting a few started I think that I have
quite succeeded in my purpose. Perhaps,
among all the things that an angling writer
has to write upon, that of trying to explain
the various moves attendent with fly-tying
is the most difficult. There is a certain

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

; Mi
something always coming up in the matter —
that is inexplainable in print, but as talking
man to man, with the actual process shown
before you the same will be gathered and
understood wherein, trying to explain in
rint one makes a foolish effort that ma
xe as dense as the gloom of night. I thin
that much of the material that goes into print
(material presumably put out to teach ama-
teurs) is rarely understood in that the writer
cannot make himself understood. If such
is the case the article misses its purpose
and is quite a loss of time and waste of pre-
cious space. What is necessary is to point
out the main needs and then the angler must
use his own native intelligence and ingenuity.
The man who can do this is the one who
will gain by it. When I first started in at
fly-tying I followed directions, in print, but
finally gave them up and embarked upon
my own methods. Later on when I read
those same, seemingly dense directions I
understood them plainly enough, for I had
then mastered the main principles of the
game. There is nothing that gives one so
much pleasure, as on a winter ve to
repair to the fireside, and with a good light -
to set about tying a few hundred fine flies,
first having laid around a mass of the right
material. By the aid of one’s ingenuity and
intelligence he will always contrive, some-
how or another to constantly improve upon
his past efforts. I consider the lear of
fly-tying as one of the most necessary and
delightful of the pastimes of the angler.
For the time will come when he will be able
to pick up a fly along the stream, and noting
that the trout are feeding promiscuously upon
this specimen, will wade ashore and in short
order, with his ready material will have tied
a fly like to the real insect. Did not John
Harrington Keene remark:

“The intelligent angler and the advanced
exact imitationist picks a dun or spinner
with his landing net from the water, sits down
and imitates it, and thereafter kills fish.
If he does not, he varies the shades and size
of his flies, not the colors and forms in a hap-
hazard manner. Herein, surely, he behaves
as a rational being, acting from what pre-
mises his observations have afforded him.”
And again: “I am in favor of a floating fly,
as opposed to the usual kind, which, after
the first throw, usually sinks some few inches
in the water and is drawn through it with a
series of convulsive and twitchings supposed
to give life and vivacity to the fly. I am
willing to admit that with the ordinary fly
this procedure is necessary because it will
not float anyhow after it becomes water
logged, nor will any fly do so. The necessity
therefore becomes apparent for a style of
tying which obviates the evil and allows great-
er buoyancy, and an easy drying of the line
between each cast so that it readily floats
and delights the eye alike of the fisherman
and the fish by its lifelike appearance. There
are several ways unpracticed by the old school
of fly-tiers which give the desideratum. One
is, and I tie almost all of my flies this way,
to give a double quantity of wing—that is
two each side of the fly instead of one. The
water always has a tendency to reduce the
speed of a wing, and a fly after it has been

used is usualiy quite different to an unused
one. This addition of wing obviates this
shrinkage and adds to the buoyancy. ‘The
bodies of the flies also—whether they be
of the orthodox or reformed pattern—are
made of lighter materials such as deer hair,
straw (stained), cork and quill. Silk is one
of the worst materials to use for a correct
imitation, according to shade and method
of dyeing. A floating fly therefore should
be thrown on the water with the least possible
splash and be allowed to float uninterrupted.
When it has floated as far down as desirable
it may be picked up quickly and dried in the
air—waving the rod twice or thrice for this
purpose—and then delivered and allowed
to float. If the stream be not too swift it is
desirable to always fish upstream, raising
the point of the rod as the fly floats down.
Why fish upstream? In a word, because
the fish lie with their heads up stream and

take their food in this way, and because they~

cannot see behind them. Every optical law
forbids it.”

But mainly, aside from the last remarf s,
we are interested in that Harrington Keeue
believed in the exact imitation of insects to
be used in the artificial flies, with which to
capture the trout. And what he ably carried
forward in conjunction with yourself, we
now can appreciate in your later day pro-
ductions.

In the quotation from Keene that I have
used above you will note his rather practical,
and surely scientific suggestion to use a
double quantity of wing, that is, in his words
two wings on either side instead of just the
one—this to aid it to float better. Such
things as this, one should remember for there
are always new ways that are better than
old ones. It is pushing experimentations
along these various lines that often produces
something far out of the ordinary. I do
not know what progress will be made in the
future in making flies that are as close to the
real thing as possible but assuredly this will
more and more be adopted and instead of
chucking by chance we will fish more and
more skillfully in the years to come. I have
found that it is possible for instance in fish-
ing the dry fly in waters that would ordinarily
be dubbed worthless for the work in view.
But that this is hard is saying the least for
one must observe rules that the dry fly man,
fishing the smooth-flowing streams has not
to bother with. In fact I may say that dry
fly work on smooth-flowing waters is a thing
of ease compared with fishing the swift runs,
for here one must make totally different
casts, and must allow much slack line, in a
scientific manner so as to avoid the detri-
mental drag, which is so much of a nuisance
to the dry fly man. Then, too, one must
often ply a close-in line, a long line being
quite useless. But I will say that even on
some pretty rough streams the dry fly has
won over the wet fly, on many counts.

There is nothing so entirely satisfactory as
using a fly you have constructed like one
"ive have picked up on a trout stream and

aving greater success with that fly than with
all the standard regulation flies that you may
have in your fly-book. For instance I once
plunged on along a trout stream that went

meandering through not only meadow |
try but also aie it best to include
category some of the almost impenetra
swamplands. ‘Thanks to the fact that I ha
some very stout and durable, yet heavy hip
boots I was able to penetrate into the midst
of that jungle, and follow that stream. The
result was that I fished with. little success
therein till finally I picked up a swamp moth
of a sort and after much labour I finally con-
trived to make an imitation that was very
much in shape, size and colour, not to mention
form, like the real thing. The very first
cast I made brought to net a fine fish that
for agility I have not taken the like in the
wild western streams. It fairly dipped and
danced on the water. Also it was very much
darker in coloration than the trout of the
open; this probably from the fact that it
lived its life in the semi-gloom of its swamp
sanctuary. I had occasion later on, when
fishing this identical stream to pick up many
other winged insects and imitate them on
the hook with the same results as previously
ascertained. But one thing I did find out
to be the truth. The trout in these secluded,
half gloomy places were not as alert nor as
flustered as the trout of the open. This is We
easily seen in that the trout of the open
always stand more in liability of being ex-
terminatéd by their enemies, and must there- 4
fore be more on the alert. Quite different ‘
in the protected places, the trout are not
tampered with or molested.

It seems that we have departed a great
deal in the past ten years and most of all in
the last five years from anything that may
be termed purity in fly fishing.

There are upon the market available for
our purpose hordes of makeshifts and second-
ary appliances, to use along with the fly that
while being enticing, is nevertheless away
from the rules of Nature.

Along just these lines I am recalled to
the words of Charles Hallock when he says:
“What is a fly? Is it an insect which dives,
which lives under the water, which goes to
the bottom water-logged, or double-shotted
like a corpse over the side, at sea? Not at
all. It is a creature of the upper air and
surface—ephemeral, lambent, light as thistle
down, erratic as a feather, now touching the
water, anon’ darting into midair, here an
instant and gone the next, restless as a hum-
ming-bird, never still. Do you not perceive
then that when you handicap an artificial
fly with a weight, however trifling or minute
you immediately take it out of its class be-
cause it is a fly no more? It has not even
the capabilities and attributes of a beetle,
or grasshopper, or any other clumsy insect
which happens to have wings. It has no
buoyancy or vitality. It cannot rise, or
even maintain itself on the surface unless the
current be swift. It is inanimate and dead.
Fly-fishing indeed! It isn’t fly at all. True
fly fishing is an art which brooks no com-
promise. It can never be engrafted or modi-
fied. Cross it with other methods of angling
and you have a sterile hybrid. In the early
days the aborigines used a bunch of feathers,
hair, or deer skin, arranged with rude regard
to form and combination of colors, which
they called a bob. They used it with a rod

é

i

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y “

es ae

i
“dy

rs

a
ak

‘4

and short line, after the fashion which the
foal pagiish call dabbing, or skittered it over the
r7,8u

“many goodly bass, trout and pickerel.

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ace of the water; and with it they sae
is
primitive lure was really a home-made hackle
and the way in which it was used was much
nearer akin to true fly-fishing than any sub-
aqueous method employed since. Improve-
ments on the bob began when contrivances
were deftly fashioned into close resemblances
of natural objects, the outcome of which has
developed into the marvelous artificial fly
of the present day. The moment metal
attachments were devised and applied for
the purpose of intensifying the lure, or to
imitate aquatic objects, the evolution of the
spoon began; and the greater the progress
we make in perfecting the spoon, the further
away we depart from its origin and germ,
the primitive bob. There are composite
plants which yield diametrically opposite
roducts. Just so the bob is the parent of
both fly and spoon; but we can never inter-
change one for the other in the correct prac-
tice of arts so far asunder as trolling and fly
fishing. Engineers might as well try to use a
diving bell for a floating battery. The
ostrich, with its rudimentary wings might vie
with the condor of the Andes in flight. I
am opposed to combination implements and
makeshifts of all sorts. A mechanical jack-
of-all-trades simply ruins the brotherhood

. fas
a

and demoralizes the craft. Give
fishing in its purity—or give me worms
We are progressing remarkably are

ee
‘hee

not in the number of contrivances annually
ut out to be used in various sorts of fishing. _

n trout fishing however the fly, the artificial
fly still remains the leader, and always wi
without a doubt, since it is one of the most
killing lures that can be used. I have, how-
ever, many a time used the spinners on trout

with every degree of success, but I ‘will admit —

that it is not strictly ye fishing even Pow
you use a fly in collaboration with it. In
the mountain country the use of the spinners
is one of the most valuable ideas one can
adopt. Yet this does not in any way, shape
or manner go to prove that the real sort of
flies, rightly delivered would not be as good
if not better.

I am closing this letter in hopes of hearing
from you as the spirit moves. I trust that

you are quite over your recent illness and .

that you may continue your experimentations

with the new flies, the outcome of which I _

am eagerly looking forward to.

Hoping to have the honor of hearing from
you at your convenience, I beg to remain,
with best regards,

Fraternally,
Robert Page Lincoln.

THE CAMPER’S LOG BOOK

Robert Page Lincoln

AMPING like everything else connected
with the out-of-doors has its points
of charm also its hard points, that is

to say, hard inasmuch as we make them hard.
In the beginning of a camper’s break for
the open he usually heeds not the words of
kindly advice, but travels his own sweet way.
In so doing he finds out that camping after all
is something of an art, and that to be success-
ful at living out-of-doors one must use his
native intelligence and then a vast deal of
thinking along with it for good measure.
It has never been explained to me why men,
otherwise correct and painstaking in the
ordinary run of life, should, when they go
out camping, make such poor examples of
themselves in arranging the camp and the
actual living in that camp; where by the
use of a little forethought they might attain
comfort in large measure, they actually seem
to willingly prepare themselves for ill-luck,
by carelessly setting up a camp wherever
they find themselves, without any thought
as to a more or less scientific management of
things, cooking food that saddens the heart
merely at sight of it and brings on indigestion
before it is taken into the system. The
amusing part of this is that I am not making
a bland supposition so that I can find some-
thing to write about—go where you will
in the cheerful summer time and you are
, oes to the same sights of poorly man-
T

aged camping trips, all for the reason that
sufficient care is not given the topic. It
takes some campers three seasons before
they finally can set up a camp that is well
ordered and it is only then they begin to
enjoy themselves.

There is a great deal in having your camp
look well ordered and as though it had been
set up with care; this holds especially
true where you are setting up a permanent
wall tent camp. It should not be sagging,
and dilapidated looking, but should be
stretched well as to sides and roor. Most
campers allow the sides to sag down so that
a portion of the tent all around lies on the
ground, due, mostly to the fact that the
tent is improperly and inadequately guyed.
This portion rots and in one season it wi
be molded and frayed along the edges.
to overcome this?) Make a framework in-
side your tent, if not of two by one sawed
strips of lumber then use straight poles, well
fitted together, for this framework. This
framework follows the outlines of the tent
in height, depth and length exactly and the
tent is drawn over this; then pinned down
and further guyed out. There you have a

tent that stands straight, sagless and looks ~
A tent that has the ©
framework inside can be counted on to last —

finished to the eye.

three times as long as the tent that is allowed
to sag. The ridge pole and the two uprights

How

my

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Sy art
t

a
the
isite for they are firm, and can
ettered. The tent is payed

e

- This is ar
hardly be t ‘
down from behind and also in front.
back guy rope can be pinned right to the
-- ground, or to a tree; the front rope should
be tied to a tree, high enough up so that
it will not be in the way. It is foolish to do
as some do, pin this guy rope to the ground
right in front of the tent. It is always in
the way to be bumped into and stumbled over
and is by no means serviceable. _

floor to the tent is a luxury indeed, and
near to civilization campers are indeed for-
tunate if they can have a really, truly board
floor. But why despair if you are away from
the haunts of boards? Does that prove that
¢ you must then do without this highly tempt-
ing convenience? If you have an axe and

a fhtchet you can make a floor just as solid

if not better than the board floor—if you

will take a little time, and use a little Dan
Beard craftsmanship. Four posts are driven
down at four corners, the exact size of your
tent. If they are one foot or so off the
ground this is plenty. Four poles go around
fastened to these poles, on which the floor

logs are laid. Care should be taken to see

to it that these poles are stout and without

give to them, otherwise your floor will not

be solid. They should also be fastened solid

to the posts so as to be moveless. The floor

logs are made of straight-grained logs that

are neatly split, the split pieces laid, side by

side. Here and there, in between, a smaller

- piece may be laid and shaved down even
with the other after the general work is
through. When all the floor pieces are laid,
sight along the floor and make a note where
the ridges occur. With a sharp axe smooth
these down. In the end your floor, if care-
fully laid and firmly fastened, should be
smooth and equally as good as the board
floor. The under ends of the split logs should
be notched to fit to the side poles. A spike
can then be driven through to securely hold
it in place. If you have access to moss or
better yet, to clay, fill the ditches in the floor
with this, which will further make it even and
smooth to tread upon. Over this floor can
be drawn and fastened down a carpet, which
may be used in place of a canvas floor cloth.
In rainy weather your shoes or boots should
be taken off under the canvas cooking roof
outside so as not to soil the inside. Things
like this should be well remembered. Cleanli-
ness should be striven for; slovenliness should
not have a place in the camper’s vocabulary.
Follow the directions above and make a split-
log floor just to try your hand at craftman-
ship if for nothing else. You will be surprised
how well you can do this if you will only
join the adventurous clan, breaking away
from the old rules and regulations. Re-
member also to raise the fly some six inches
off the ridge of the tent; it should not come in
contact with the tent canvas. This is the
usual order by the old way. The new way
by adding another ridge pole throws the force
of the elements upon the fly. The tent be-
low may thus be spared. Let the fly be
heavier than the canvas of the tent to the
_ ounce and you will find that you can have a
_ comparatively light weight tent. The price

tent should be kept intact.

fiien, too, (if the pi he ce
purse) is not overly large and con
the means practically of any one of
means. ‘my
When arranging to go on a camping /
make a list of the necessary things —
you are going to take along with you, bt
I have reversed the classification thus: —
stead of first dwelling upon the larger thin
begin at the end and work toward the fr
of the list. Thus select and locate y
smaller things, that you are otherwise lia
to forget, first and then approach the big,
elements of the paraphernalia. Especially, —
remember the axe, the hatchet, or the camp- _
lamp. How many campers have gone on a
trip into the wilds and forgotten their cam
light, and yet there is hardly a thing more
necessary than this. There are so ee
good camp lamps on the market that I will —
not stop to number them all. For my part
I find the Baldwin camp lamp so good that
I have looked no further. The cost of oper-
ating these camp lamps is so small that it is —
really inconsiderate compared with the excel- —
lent service given. A small size Baldwin —
will burn three hours to one charge of car-
bide; the larger size lamp will burn upwards
of six hours. Carbide is kept in tins, closely
sealed to prevent disintegration. Theselamps
are of so great a use around the camp at
night that their many virtues need hardly —
be pointed out. Nor alone is the camp lamp
useful. The pocket flasher, of the Eveready
sort is a boon that I would not miss, for there
are times I have found that flasher equal to
the camp lamp in convenience. The camp
lamp as a rule, is fixed stationary to give the _
camp light. Wishing to go somewhere in
the outer dark for something, and not wishing
to deprive the other members of the party
of light, the flasher conveniently comes in
to help you out. ;
Remember the nails, the ball of strong cord,
and some lengths of rope of a small caliber;
and remember to have a claw fixed to your
belt hatchet with which to pull nails. Along
this line I wish to point out the virtues of the
Marble hatchet, with the claw to it. Where
lightness is striven for, everything must be
conserved as to entry and space and weight;
therefore. you cannot bring as. many nails
along with you as you would like to. These
nails therefore are valuable especially and
more so if you are following the shelter camp
trail, constantly shifting. They are drawn
when you pull stakes, and are straightened
out to again serve their duty at the right —
time. But suppose you haye gone upon
your trip and forgotten some contrivance: —
with which to pull these nails; what then?’
You either have to work them out by en-.
larging the hole around them or else you
have to leave them. Here the claw on the; ~
marble hatchet has a notable virtue which
I need hardly more than mention. Do not
forget your knife. I personally have no time
for hunting knives that are carried in the
belt. But give me every single time the
Swedish collapsible knife with the birch
handle, procurable in any sporting house
and we will talk business. It is a good,
durable, worthy knife, just the kind to have,
The wearing of a knife to belt is now obsolete;

*

out-of-date; the pocket knife of the above

sort or the one that springs open b pressing
a button is just what you want—hence get
it and see!

Have I mentioned in former writings the
reflector baker? Well, even if I have men-
tioned it, allow me to mention it again a few
times so that you will firmly get it riveted
in your consciousness. A reflector baker.
Now it is an apparently small thing, incon-
siderate in size, but yet how wholly efficient—
so efficient as to be invaluable to the outer,
whether on the trail or stationary. My pre-
ference is for this appliance, having discarded
the use of the so-called Putch Oven which,
while satisfactory to a certain extent
has not the points of excellence consistently
maintained by the reflector baker. This
baker has a shelf in its center. All sides
save the front are closed in, and are so form-
ed that the heat from the fire, which it faces
radiate inward, properly baking the bread,
or roasting the fowl, meat or fish within.
This baker will roast or bake either swiftly
or slow, by moving toward the fire or away
from the fire in ready measure. The re-
flector bak.r is collapsible, takes up little
space and is furnished with a bread board, at
I believe, fifty cents extra. A bread board
must be had, and do not forget to supply
yourself beforehand with one, and escape,
not only dissatisfaction, but exasperation.
Use thought and care and make your se-
lections such as these with just deliberation.

If you go quite a way from the haunts
of men you will naturally have to cater to
lightness in your outfit, and this is especially
true if you pack your paraphernalia on your
back. Lightness in such a case is assuredly
a prime requisite. Your various utensils
are then selected with consideration as to
space-taking and as to lightness of material.

Here the Miller method I am now using, of

two one-gallon pots within which nest the
various other utensils is especially good—
as a matter of fact I have purchased all my
cooking things for my hiking trips somewhat
after the Miller system. Within these pots
go the two 7 x 3 mixing pans; the four 6 x 1
inch tin pans; also the tin pail which does in
place of the coffee pot, and in which the tea
or the coffee is brewed. Ordinarily the coffee
he of the regulation order is dispensed with,

aving proven inconvenient. The material
going into the various utensils should un-
deniably be aluminum. This metal makes
for lightness, and yet at the same tme it is
rightly serviceable. The frying pan is also
of aluminum, and if you go on the hiking
trip, the six inch affair is all well and good.
In my opinion, if that is worth a pinch of
salt, there is only one kind of frying pan of
note—that being the iron one. But this
has heft and proves cumbersome; and is
subject therefore to removal from the hiker-
camper’s outfit. The trouble I have always
found with the aluminum frying pan is that,
poked in over a hot fire you burn your meat
or fish, or whatever you are frying. Of
course by the use of a grate Triangle, Triangle
Stove Go., La Crosse, Wis., which raises
it up from the fire, this is simplified and done
away with, but where you fry right on the
coals, you are sure to make a fizzle of it

unless you are a watchful adept. — 1e-
spider will not do this. If heft means
thing to you, your means of transporta
to camp being reasonable, by no matte
means use the aluminum pan; use the iron
one.

I am not suggesting that you make u
your outfit after the Miller system. Think

one out for yourself; and show your ingen-.

iousness by so doing. Remember that you
have to start out with a large pot, or two of
them, for you may find good use for both
there being more than one to the party—
usually two members, which the above by
the way is selected for. In these large pots
the various other things must nest, as the
term goes. These various articles can be
picked up in stores at a very small price
often most inconsiderate. But remember
the idea is: conserve space, see that they
nest well, and that they are in a lightweight
material, but at the same time durable.

_ There is something that writers on camp-
ing have always gently sidetracked or in the
rush of things important have forgotten; or
they have used up the space allotted them and
while they may have thought ot it at the end,

space would not permit of their further —

lengthening their script by mentioning it.
Yet there is nothing more necessary to the
camper than the mosquito netting. You
find this out when you lay yourself Soma to
sweet sleep two hundred miles from civiliza-
tion only to discover that mosquitoes are
everywhere, high and low, all of them mak-
ing your life miserable—and you have no
netting. Then you happen to think, as
you rest between slaps of your valiant hand—
why under the sun didn’t I think of mosquito
netting? Personally the present writer would
like to take a census of all those who last
season went out without netting to guard
themselves against winged pests. Come on
now—one at a_ time—don’t crowd. What
is your name, sir? ‘
And if you did not forget the netting count
yourself doubly lucky. Just this entry has
the worth of making your pleasures on the
trail or in permanancy a kindly relief and
comfort. As you stretch out near the tent
opening, a netting between you and the
hordes of winged ones that cannot come in,
breathe gently a prayer of thanks that this
was one of the first things you thought of,
when making up the list of necessary things!
If you are in Canada remember that you
have to face one thing besides scenery and
lusty trout and bass. Writers are prone to
forget this: you have to knife your way
through hordes upon hordes of flies, buglets
and skeets by the million at times, if you
go too early in the season. This of course
is not foreseen by the average person who
thinks he knows it all. Let me tell you that
if you have seven receipts for fly dope, mix
up some of all of these kinds and have your-
self prepared for onslaughts and counter-
movements. After you have smeared your-
self with this you may not look like the angel

you are, but be assured at least that the fles
and w-7—7it0es will keep their distance, and —

that, in itself, is a comprehensive blessing
Have you ever tried this solution to k

the flies off? This is clean anyhow an

. ont)
ee a r
,

‘to tell them apart.

ek Pr el,

yl

doubt whether it has been mentioned more
than two times in print, and I cannot re-
member, in fact, of reading about it that
often. Mix up a strong solution of Epsom
Salts and water, wash your face and exposed
parts with this and without wiping it off,
allow it to dry. There will then be a powder
over all that acts as an armor against the
flies ef cetra. Try this!
On your canoeing trip, or any camping
trip, remember that your food must be care-
fully protected from moisture and wet. On
the trail and portage the food is first tucked
into small waterproof bags, and these in
turn are inserted within the larger food bags
which are also waterproof. Thus you have
a double means of protection, with two im-
pregnable covers; and three when you fix
them for transportation in the canoe, for
then you cover over the whole with the water-
proof pack cloth, or if you do not care to add

MINOR FISH AND THEIR CAPTURE
THE CALICO BASS

Robert Page Lincoln

as the strawberry bass, and has been
misnamed and is universally mistaken
throughout northern waters for the true crap-

Bes calico bass is also variously known

pie, which is however a southern fish, abound-

ing in warm waters and better suited to such
waters than the strawberry, or calico bass.
The calico bass is technically known as (pom-
oxis sparoides); the crappie, (a southern fish)

is known as (pomoxis annulafs) and grows

in such regions to a great size, so great in fact
that northern anglers visiting in southern
sections of this continent are justly surprised
The reason; of this great growth is that, allow-
ed semi-warm waters the year around the
fish continually grow and feed all the time,
whereas, in northern waters, due to the
coming of winter and cold weather the fish
are dull and are more or less, with the habit
of hibernating. However the true crappie is
not a northern fish. But I will say that they
are so like the calico bass that it is very hard
The most distinguishing
feature is, of course, the fact that the true
crappie (found in the same waters) attains a
goodly eign and ‘a size quite impossible on
the part of the calico bass, (pomozis sparo-
dies). David Starr Jordan in his famous and
complete work, “‘Fishes’’ says of this species:
“They are handsome fishes, greatly valued by
the angler. They are perhaps the most
primitive of the large family of Centrachidae,
or sunfishes; in these species the anal fin is
larger than the dorsal. ‘Hornaday, in his
Natural History, comments in full, averring
that the strawberry, or calico bass’ is a hand-
some fish and absolutely substantial. Its
bright, silvery coat is beautifully mottled
with olive-green blotches, so regularly splash-

At aire Mf Aaah ae

FISHING NO

TES

the pack cloth, you cover them over w
the silk shelter tent. In this manner yo
food is always dry, the flavour and stren
being preserved. 5

On your canoe trip, wear shoe-pacs (soled
moosehide or elkskin moccasins); these have
proven the best. Wear them large enough,
with two pairs of socks. This is not too
much in northern climes any time in the
summer. Have along both a thin suit of
underwear and a woollen one. Have also —
a light pair and a heavier pair of pants, and —
two flannel shirts. Insert a cap—but learn —
to go bareheaded. Remember that you do
not shave with your hunting knife; nor do
you brush your teeth with the spider-swab.
A collapsible drinking cup is used instead of
the cupped hands. Matches are kept dry if
tinned up, or corked up in bottles. To get
lost, and not get out of it don’t bring along a
compass!

ed on as to suggest the pattern of a piece of

calico. Take, if you please, a beautiful bay ;
on the shore of Lake Ontario, a sunny day in 4
May, no hotels or cottages in sight, with red-
winged blackbirds singing ‘“‘O-ka-lee” in the
cat-tails, and the calico bass becomes one of
the prettiest fish you can take out of water.
Each time it gives a firm and vigorous bite
and leaves the water with a swish that, once
heard under proper conditions, lives long in
the memory. I like the calico bass because
it isso handsome so well set up so substantial
on the string and so satisfactory on the table.
A large specimen measures only about ten
inches in length, but by reason of its great
depth of body and its thickness, too, it is a
fish well worth having. Its weight never
exceeds two pounds and is usually about one
pound. The calico bass is at home through-
out the whole region of the Great Lakes; and
in the beautiful northern lakes and ponds it is
abundant and highly valued. It can be taken 4
still-fishing with worms, minnows and grass-
hoppers, and also upon a small trolling spoon. :
It dislikes warm and muddy waters, it is a :
clean feeder, not quarrelsome or destructive
to weaker species, and is said to increase
rapidly under the right management. It
seems to me that for stocking northern lakes
and ponds this is one of the most desirable of
all the smaller fishes; and I wish long life and
prosperity to the Calico Bass!”’ '

The praises of this delightful fish of our
waters have been amply sung and there is no
doubt but that there is a distinct and com-
fortable future awaiting it, as its distribution
becomes wider and the people at large become
more familiar with its many enhancing virtues,
an asset both profitable and pleasurable, as is

510 ROD AND
soon recognized if one takes moré than passing
interest in his presence amongst us. Says one
writer enthusiastically:

“If there is a fresh-water fish, save the
aristocratic trout, more beautiful than this
member of the sunfish family I should like to
angle for it. Possessed of as many aliases
as one of Conan Doyle’s characters it is a
favorite with the country boy and withal is
much sought after by adult anglers. For, be
it said, it is a delicate-mounted fish and needs
careful handling—furthermore it is a delect-
able pan fish. A basket of strawberry bass
is beautiful enough to challenge the attention
of the most fastidious angler. The calico
bass resembles in general features the other
sunfish but is possessed of a thinner body and
larger fins. Its color is olive-green, with
_ silvery reflections; and, in common with most
fish, the back is much darker than the belly.
Scattered over its body, apparently without
order, are innumerable dark spots or blotches
about the size of ten cent pieces.' One of the
names in the vernacular (chincapin perch)
by which this fish is known in the Southland
has reference, I think, to these markings. If
one looks at the burrs of “‘the little brother of
the chestnut’? and then at the crappie he will
surely know how the name originated. The
eyes of the calico bass are, as are the eyes of
the sunfish, remarkably beautiful. They are
large with bluish-purple iris. There is some
confusion regarding the identity of the calico,
or strawberry bass and the crappie, or croppie,
and, in fact, the two fish are very much
similar; though the observing angler will have
little trouble in naming his capture if he re-
members that the true crappie has five or six
dorsal spines, never more; and the calico bass
has always seven or eight. ‘There is always
aslight difference in form and coloration which
the observing rodster will notice, but as the
former mark of identity is constant, it ‘is
enough for the angler to holdin mind. As the
range of the two fish is practically the same
the angler is apt to secure one or the other, or
even both species from the same water,
though the crappie is a Southern species and
the calico-bass the Northern representative.”
_ Or as one writer well remarks: “The crap-
pie is a muddy-water understudy of the
calico-bass.
the two species overlap each other, but in the
main the crappie is a southern fish.”

It is really too bad that so much calico bass
and crappie fishing is done in the early spring
when the fish are in their spawning beds.
Then as they lie in these beds guarding the
spawn the fishermen assemble in boats over
these places and catch the finny ones by the
thousands. The fish may not be eager for
bait, but they snap at it merely to get the
thing out of their homes which they are so
valiantly defending against all intruders.
Such fishing as this soon depletes a supply
that can never be too great and which should
be watched and perpetuated by all of the
people rather than preyed upon and depleted.
Fishing when the fish are in the spawning
beds should not be allowed; and yet we find
no restrictions placed upon it. As a time
for catching this splendid fish I believe there
is no time equal to the autumn months. Then
t may be taken on the artificial flies, inshore;

v4 ‘ ‘3.
Ari

GUN IN CANADA

In some portions of the North —

{\\ Ay, aeNe -

Ob ee NP
Wl CHAE es
Dh ret Raya,

Mey

and upon grub-worms, grasshoppers and min- —
nows. The calico-bass and the crappie
(while not consistently refusing angleworms)
are not so ea for these upon the hook as
are the rest of the sunfish family. There are
days in autumn when they take various of the
lures I have named with avidity and when
some of the best catches of the season can be
made. Most of the fishing for the crappie
and the calico bass is done with a common
cane pole, a common linen line and a common
Carlisle hook with a silvery shiner for a lure.
Taken all in all the minnow (the live minnow)
is the best lure that one can use. This min-
now when some two inches long and glitter-
ing, is the lure par excellence. The hook
is inserted in back so as not to touch the back
bone, and so that the minnow rides in the
water back up. Of course, being alive, he
swims along, 1n which state he is eagerly
snapped up by the fish. Many fishermen
have a great deal of trouble in catching the
crappie and the calico-bass, even though they
have the right tackle and the right sort of
lure. This is for the reason that they
generally fish in places where the fish do not
happen to. be running at that time, for it
should be known that these fish, like the sun-
fish, run often in schools. If one happens to
know where these schools move he can almost
expect to have luck, superstitions and
position of the moon to the contrary. In
autumn, generally in the small, weeded bays,
in the near-shallow water they will be found
and if one investigates closely, by fishing, all —
along these shores he is liable as not to run
into them. In this sort of fishing, no matter
whether you use a cane pole of the ordinary
sort or a fly-rod it is the best of recommenda-
tion to suggest that you use a six to nine foot,
light, mist-colored gut leader. I early dis-
covered that crappies and calico bass, like
other fish are not tempted to strike so easily
when a heavy line ts seen in the water. Where
a gut leader (such as the Telerana Nova), is
used its invisibility is of such a marked degree
as to allow of better catches all of the time.
The more fishing one does with leaders (in all
sorts of fishing) the better. Fish are not
generally the clumsy fools we think them to
be. There is no doubt that if more bait
casters would use a stretch of mist-colored
gut to their line they would haye better
results; which*I have consistently proven to
be true in many a day of fishing. At the
same time allow me to say that even a bait-
casting line is not the very best for crappies
and for its close relative, the calico-bass. If
you can procure a fine tournament casting
line for the purpose you will agree with me
that it cannot be equalled. This line, which
I have now and then recommended is strong
enough to be sure, though it is not very large
in caliber; in the water it cannot easily be
seen. The fact that these fish do not run to
great weight, or much above three pounds
offsets the possibility of your losing your fish
by line breakage. ‘Therefore, on the tablet
your memory write down a Tournament.

ine.

Through the kind offices of W. J. Jamison
the Chicago tackle maker I have been allowed

the privilege of trying out what is known

as the Sure Catch Hook; advertisements of ai

.-

hs i

g
CURE

suggest that a card be sent him for papers
showing these hooks; and they will tell you
more than I could here on this paper. , I
simply mention it here as being a hook more
than worthy of your time to use, both on
trout and varous of the other fish, not for-
getting the crappie, etc. The double hook

These are the Jamison¥spinners, in two styles, Single and Tandem spinners; exceptionally good hooks, and just

- patterns will

As to the variety of f
do, though pers
found those of the gray color mo
More depends upon the man handling the
and the mood of the fish than the variety
the fly. All of which is true of most fish
is it not?”

And true enough. It is more in how th
rod is handled and how the flies are pla
than in the color and form of those fl

fi

the thing for the fish mentioned in these articles. These have necessarily been reduced in the cut. 4 B

In the center of this cut will be seen the now well-known Sure Catch Jamison hook, an excellent appliance

also how to attach the grasshopper to it is shown.

invention on this makes losing a fish that has
once struck the minnow an impossibility. I
may say that only once have I lost a fish using
this singular hook.

In the matter of the proper rod for this sort
of fishing my selection is the Bristol rod, nine
and one half feet in length which is also used
for fly-fishing. The minnow is lightly cast
and worked through the water as naturally as
possible; as the fish strikes, the hook is set.
To play a good-sized calico bass on a fly-rod
is indeed a sensation. What vim that broad-
sided little fellow has within him. One is
almost driven to think of the rainbow trout
and his tenacious resistence in playing this
fish to net. Indeed, for gaminess there is
hardly an equal to the calico bass, when

en

het a

played upon a light rod of bamboo—say a
i three ounce appliance, with a light tourna-
.’ ment line and a light leader. The joy and
i exhilaration realized 1s practically the same
é, as that realized in trout fishing and leaving

the lake with a catch of fifteen one can surely
say that he has had a red letter day. But
best of all is the taking of these fish upon the
artificial fly. Those who have rowed lightly
into the shallows and have spotted a school of
these fish feeding have known the sport of
sports. How they take the flies in such cases,
and how they fight upon that light tackle.
As one writer puts it:

“After all there is a certain joy in capturing
a fish with a fly, a joy not to be found in bait
fishing. Fly-fishing is the aesthetic side of the
piscatorial art. The modus operandi of fly-
fishing for speckled bass is very like that of
black bass angling, only of course one should
use smaller hooks and play the delicate-
mounted fish with care—and that is where
the attractiveness of crappie fishing comes in.

ad

The flies are cast and moved lightly through
the water over the fish. Not by jerks but
with a drawing in, and a release, then an in-
drawing again; this, purposely to make the
fish believe it is an insect struggling in the
water. Allow the flies (two of them on the
leader) to sink at least four to six inches in the
water. The smallest of the hooks are the
best; the 14 and 16 size; or midges as they are

called. But Nos. 10 and 12 are often used —

with the same degree of success. If you can
put a lifelike animation into them your
chances are great indeed.

In the winter the crappies and the calico-
bass are generally out in the deeper waters
of the lakes, but as the winter advances they
move out into the shallow water,. The
reason of this is easily to be found. They
follow the minnow schools. Fishing through
the ice in winter for this gentle fish is some-
thing that may or may not be deemed as
sportsmanlike. As a matter of fact it is a
method that is productive of many catches
indeed and good ones at that. The flavor of

the fish, taken as they are out of ice cold water 4

at this time of the year is away above the
ordinary and makes a repast that leads over
all epicurean delights. Such things held at
the horizon in the bleak winter days, it is hard

to resist going out for a dozen or so of them

on the home lake. In the early part ofthe
winter and way up into January they may be
found in the secluded bays, sometimes in
ten or fifteen feet of water, and so swiftly will
they bite, from the initial dropping of the line
that the limit will be taken in short order.

When they are biting wellitisararesportand _

no mistake. But there is a long wait some-
times between while on stands holding the line
in expectation for that next bite. Take when

er.

a. a ee

ae:

ae
Seg IN
eth er

iw Te, nat
Soo aa al

% ONT tt i G
; Ab Big ie NT A asia acd
LY dishes Pe Nal
there is a party of fellows 0
around; say t

fy

K aie ha os
n the ice, fishing

vt J : 2 t

|
at it is one, of those thawing

x

P t ‘is -(
ame up

7

then the fish are on fin—the various schools
moving around inshore in search of food,
following the minnows as they play hide and
seek. No one has gotten a bite. No one,
as yet has struck the school.

; bn just such a day I remember a crew of us
were on the lake. It was in February and it
seemed as though spring had settled on the
Jandtostay. We had been fishing in the mid-

die of the lake off of a supposed sandbar but

with the most indifferent of success. So we
moved inshore and scattered along on the ice
each cutting a hole. Still we had no success.
_ The school had not been located. I abandon-
ed my place after a ten minute try-out and
going further inshore yet I cut a new hole with
the ice-chisel. The water here was little over
ten feet in depth, ifthat. I hooked on a lively
‘minnow (a shiner), slipped it down in the
water and let it sink. Finally the cork lay
on the water to tell me whether or no I would
be lucky. Suddenly it dipped. I pulled
quick. I landed a mighty fine one. Swiftly
J put in again and ere it got down I had
another. I caught ten in the matter of time
jit takes to drop aline. But shortly after that
not a bite did I get. Why? The school had
: _ travelled on its way.
a “Follow the school!’ The word goes up.
R In a case of this sort the party spreads out

are,

Oy

ee |

ae pee aes oS ge

rad

ey
<"

here and there, and the sharp ice-chisels
- (made by the village blacksmith), pierce the
ice everywhere. It is always figured that
Me someone in the party will locate the school.
oan such a case they spread out around that
place and in two minutes of swift work the
holes are cut and the lines are down, before
the school is well on its way. The excitement

part ofit. Then all of a sudden (as is strange
among fish), they will cease feeding, or the
school in its feeding will be missed. Fishing
by day has but half the fascination of fishing
by night, with bonfires, or lanterns near the
holes. The reflection from these lights no
doubt penetrates into the depths of the lake
‘and the fish come in to see what the ghostly
glow may be. Doing so they discover the
jive minnows, the lure, and are caught as they
strike them. I was treated to a fair bit of a
‘surprise one night in winter. For a long time
I and my fellows had been at it, fishing close
in shore, but with fifteen feet of line down.
Thad judged that I was a foot off the bottom.
But no luck had been accorded our anticipa-
tions. This was strange as one would swear
the night (for ice fishing) was one among a
thousand. The elemental conditions were
perfect.
--_- Sometimes however one does not strike the
-Jevel at which the fish are running, and must
move his cork till the right level is reached.
I kept raising the line and lowering the
cork till finally I was no more than two feet
from the surface, when, snap! I had a lusty
‘a one on; out he came; to be followed by ano-
_ ther and another in rapid succession no more
_ than a foot under the surface. We got our
_ jimit in those holes, that night, without any

vies

days when there is a feel of spring in the air; .

‘to the surface to get a

lake was a small one and was not well aerated,
most of the waterways being frozen throug hy so
and all of the air-holes had been plugged bya

sheet of thaw water that had spread over the
lake, freezing solid. The result had been that —
all the oxygen in the water had been exhausted
and the timely opening of holes had let in air
which the fish now rose to take in; there may
probably have been thousands in and around
those small apertures seeking for air. There
is a practical lesson here that all the readers
of this magazine should heed. If you are in
the neighborhood of small lakes, that, in the
winter freeze over and give evidence of shut-
ting out all means of air to the fish—as a means
of preservation, cut holes all over the lake te
let in water. You can get all the fish you
need for practical use and at the same time
do a very humane thing.

Not all the time in summer fishing for the
crappie and the calico bass is one treated to
success, as I have mentioned. One
summer I recall that I could not diagnose the
reason for non-success. I, however, met an
old-timer of the angle; and this fellow strangely
caught fish almost all of the time. As a
matter of confidence he let me in on his little
scheme.

In a certain place in the lake where the fish
were wont to run (and the water was twenty-
five feet or so deep), he had occasion one time
to sink a minnow box with minnows in it, more
to better preserve the minnows in that cool
deep water than for anything else. When we
wanted minnows he would pull it up. Per-
sonally I do not see that this was an ex-
pedient method, nor particularly practical.
But certainly he never lost a minnow through
dying, and the minnows were always cold,
and hard, and lively as any minnows I have
ever seen. That, perhaps was its practical
side. But what happened as a consequence

of installing that minnow cage on the lake
bottom was a surprise even to this old fellow
On a still day, happening to look down in the
clear water he saw hundreds of crappies and

Ye
ett AZ a
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fi (At

Vi

ie
in

| Dealt
atl Tat he

ANY vil be
pet yes Vy

ie ny
ott sit

l 2 A ATTRA IT
it UAH ie
“Why” Cetera
ro
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—————

¥- yy Di
2

it sar eek 13
east SE 2; yt
a ee —
DO YOU KNOW _HIM BY HIS STYLE OF
FIGHTIN

strawberry
-minnow box, b

WP py ed ae Bs

ass Swimming in and around his
utting their noses against the
screen wire netting, and striving to annex
some of the lustly fingerlings within; but
which they made little success at attaining, as
a natural matter of course. Why not? said
my friend of the angle!

So he baited up with a lively minnow from
his bucket, dropped it down; and no sooner
had it arrived at the minnow box level than a
matter of fourteen to twenty crappies set
upon it. They could not be taken fast
enough. Their appetite had been so worked
up by seeing those minnows in the netting that
now, when the real thing appeared before
them they were only too eager to seize it.
So my friend, smiling to himself ever there-
after fished around that netting and got all
the fish he needed when others rarely had a
strike.

I am not advocating the method, as it is
far from sportsmanlike—but merely state
a strange thing that may happen to anyone.

There is one method used in catching the
crappie and the calico bass that may be called
sportsmanlike that is the method known as
spinning for them. Spinners are now greatly
used for trout and for the smaller fishes, such
as the sunfish, crappie, calico bass, perch and

iv

rock bass; not to mention th

and the large mouth bass, which, at tim:
the smaller spoons, or spinners (to be mor
correct) with a determined zeal. The spin-—
ners have much to their credit in the way
of attractiveness; in throwing a sparkle
through the water that instantly attracts the —
fish to it, often as not with results. Cases —
there are where the spinners take their fish
every time. The Hildebrandt people put
out a beautiful array of spinners that I have —
used very successfully in fishing for the fresh
water fish, from trout to sunfish and J have
no word of disapproval for them; they are
ingenious and worthy of a foremost place in
your tackle outfit. These come in both the
single spoon and double spoon (tandem); and
in styles—the Standard and the Slim Eh,
both of which are exceptionally good on calico
bass.and crappies. These spinners are durable
and are either finished copper or nickle-plated.
Likewise we have the well-known Jamison
spinners, the Michigan and Midget styles,
coming either in doubles on the shaft or
single. A glance at the illustration will show .
you the various spoons, all of which, and any Ak
of which, if not in too large a size will do yery Nee
nicely on the smaller fish I have been and am
writing about under this head.

ee ZO

CY
Robert Page Lincoln GY

No. 71.—I have been exceedingly interest-
ed in Mr. Lincoln’s articles on fishing, read-
ing all of them and profiting considerably,
and my surprise was great to read the fol-
lowing in the July number of ‘‘Rod and
Gun” under the caption, “The Lure of the
Dry Fly’’:—“There are no artificial flies that
are tied in direct imitation of these natural
creatures,’ meaning, the Ephemeridae on
which trout feed in the spring. Had anyone
less experienced than Mr. L. made this state-
ment I had passed it over with nothing more
than a ‘snort.’

About 20 years ago, as I was preparing
to leave New York for the Catskills, I went
into the store of J. B. Crooks & Sons to get
a few “Grizzly Kings.” After getting what
I wanted and some more things I didn’t, as
is usual, the late Mr. Crooks called my atten-
tion to some new flies just received that sea-

son. They-were made of what appeared to
me a rubber composition, so exact an imita- ~
tion of the May-fly, in three tints and sizes,
that I was prepared to see them spring up-
ward from the showcase, so life-like were they.

I bought a dozen assorted.

And now for Mr. L’s second statement,
i.e., ““The closer your imitation to the natural
insect the better.”

I cast those imitations on the Beaver Kill,
Dry Brook, and numerous other Catskill
streams; I brought them to Nova Scotia and
cast them; cast them from here to Japan,
and I solemnly aver that I never had one
single rise at them though millions of the
real fly were over and on the waters.

Lack of skill? i

Perhaps. :

Experto crede.
Halifax, N.S.

Yours truly,
H. M. Rosenberg.

friend of the angle, Mr. Rosenberg, is received
with acclaims of delight. I regard such let-
ters as these as treasures indeed, and the
more that you fellows of the fireside send
them in, with experiences, etc., the merrier
and more companionable will be these pages.
An editor of a department such as this wel-
comes criticism, drastic, mild or in any shape.
We are not of the supersensitive sort who
quail’ before the onslaught; and the sooner
people get rid of the idea of thinking that an
editor of this sort knows, or seeks to give
the impression that he knows it all the more
there will be gained on all points. In his
letter Mr. Rosenberg states that he is not in
line for acceptance of the assertion that I
made that, ‘““There are no artificial flies that
are tied in direct imitation ot these natural
creatures (the Emphemeridae) on which the
trout feed in the spring.”” Mr. Rosenberg
purchased some imitations of the May-fly
that were so exact an imitation of them that
he was prepared to see them spring upward
from the showcase. These flies were used
in varied waters, and yet unsuccessfully.
My assertion that, ‘“‘The closer your imita-
tion approaches to the natural insect
the better,’ he does not second for he had
no success with it when millions of flies were
on the stream. This may be regarded as a
sort of a phenomena that I am not able to
explain, for even with ordinary good castin
and playing of these flies some success shoul
be the rule. When, however, there is a
voluminous production of flies on the stream
chances are no doubt minimized. At the
time of a great hatch one may have poor
success. Fish may glut themselves on one
sort of fly; and refuse further to take it.
Trout, much like bass, are apt to glut them-
selves and then lie idle, absolutely refusing
bait for two or three days. But, at the
same time, as shown by our correspondent’s
findings, being glutted by a May-fly diet,
another fly may or may not have worked
successfully. Taking trout in the spring on
any sort of fly is a matter that needs careful
attention. My findings have been, however
that the most natural imitation has been the
most successful.

Our correspondent does not state whether
these Mayflies, purchased, were wet or dry;
nor was a descriptiog, of the fly given. To
appear absolutely natural a fly must be tied
to a curved hook, and the fly must be possess-
ed of a finely wrought detached body. I
have seen many high priced commercial
Maryfilies, but they had a straight shanked
hook. They should have had a hook shank
that curved upward delicately in back along
a the gentle upward curving detached

ody.

As yet, as I have long held, in common
with the findings of any number of fishermen
there are indeed few true imitations of the
various flies, and they are certainly not to be
procured on the market. The closest imita-
tion to the real article is the production, or
productions of Doctor Harry Gove, of Deer
Island, New Brunswick, which, however, he
does not sell as yet. Different ones of these
I have used this season (of two months’ fish-
ing) ‘with success far-out of the ordinary.

Ans.—The above letter from our good

’ with as little drag as era":

new inventions, are certainly t
approach I have yet seen. es
The Mayily, as I have remarked in other —
numbers of this magazine, is one of the best
of the spring flies and while it lasts it is one —
to use whenever the opportunity permits.
For, as Arthur Sharp, the well-known Eng-
lish fishing writer says: :
“While some do not attach great import-
ance to the Mayfly season, others would not
miss it for worlds. Like all good things,
it is fleeting, and only sets the angler wishing
for the prolongation of its visit, and, perhaps,
taken on the whole it does not add to the sum
total of the average trout-fisher’s happiness
during the season. But, mark you! If the
angler is lucky enough to gain access to a
noted eyes | water when a good “ise”’ is
on and the day is as perfect as a June day
can be at times, then he will experience some-
thing that will live long in the memory.
As all fishermen know, trout caught on t
Mayfly are often excellent specimens of their
kind for even the old and wary veterans of
the deeper pools abandon their caution—
but let me hasten to add that, although trout —
are apt to be somewhat reckless at this period
they do not abandon caution nor their heredi-
tary cunning and wariness, and to beguile a
whopper with an artificial even under these
ideal conditions is no child’s task. The fly
must be thrown deftly, should cock naturally
and be allowed to float along the stream

Pevig

No. 72.—Will you be kind enough to let
me know the best way to dye gut. This is
a question I think many readers of Rod
and Gun will be interested in.

Yours truly,
St. John, N.B. C. W. de Forest.

Ans.—As to just what you mean here by
the dyeing of leaders I am somewhat uncer-
tain. Leaders can, no doubt, be stained, or
dyed purple, red, green or any color with hot
dye, but if this is the form you mean or the
ordinary form, with ink (to make them mist-
colored) is another proposition altogether.
Now about staining them mist-colored. Not —
very long ago (not over five months back) .
I gave Mr. Southard’s method of staining ~
leader gut mist-color with ink, which I re-
gard as the best method that I know of so
far. If you will look up this back number
you will no doubt come across it. But as
for dyeing a leader any other color, with hot
dye, ‘I am left entirely in the dark, as I have
never seen anything about it, nor have I ever
experimented along these lines, not believing
a leader any other color than white or mist-
color to be necessary or at all practical.
Charles Southard says in his recent delight-
ful book, ‘“‘Trout Fly-Fishing in America”
as follows:

“Leaders can be given almost any kind of
color with hot dye, and the color can be made
fast to a greater or less extent, usually the ~
faster the color the weaker the leader is made, —
owing, in a great measure to the heat of the ©
dye and the length of time consumed by —
the process. There are, in my opinion, just

F

7

two leaders to use, the white and the mist,
the former requires no coloring, while the
latter does.”

I have heard of leaders dyed various colors
to be used for various kinds and conditions
of water, but have never seen these pro-
ductions. As I understand it there is a firm
in New York that makes these leaders but
I am dubious as to the virtues of them, for
the same reason that Southard mentions
that dyes have a tendency to weaken the
leader. The mist-colored form of leader is
a favorite all around. In point of fact I am of
the belief that for invisibility in the water,
as I have aforementioned, there can be no
equal to the Telerana Nova gut leaders which
I have already mentioned in this magazine.
They are the closest reach toward the de-
manded point that can be found, and bluish
mist would be the placing of their color.

‘When I locate the ways of dying leaders the
information will be printed in this magazine,
‘or if some of our mdny angling readers will
come into our sanctum with this information
so much the better and it will no doubt be
appreciated by many.

123i cab

No. 73.—Being a constant and pleased
reader of Rod and Gun for a number of years
I am taking this opportunity or liberty of
asking you to assist me in my search for the
manufacturers or agents of the ‘Old Lobb”
trolling spoon sometimes called the ‘Old
Loeb Spoon.” Recently while fishing in
Quebec one of these trolls was lent me by
an American gentleman visiting at a neighbor-
ing club and I had most excellent results
with same; in fact I never saw its equal for
deep grey trout trolling. Since then I have
made several enquiries in regard to it but
without success and I would therefore be
greatly pleased if you would arrange this
request in a correct and more direct way
and insert same upon your query page in
the next issue of your valued magazine. This
“Lobb” or “Loeb” trolling spoon is without
a doubt the best on the market and I have
used about one hundred varieties. I caught
16 grey trout in less than an hour with it,
all weighing over a pound and the rest of the
party were not getting a strike; in fact they
ae using nearly every kind of troll imagin-

e.

Thanking you heartily in advance for this
favour, I remain,

Yours truly,

Ottawa, Ont. W. H. Austin.

New Books For The Angler.
BPs) LE.

_Some time ago in this magazine atten-
tion was called to the fact that Mr. Louis
Rhead, the well-known angling writer and
artist, was engaged in preparing a work on
Insects that are found along the American
treut streams and which the trout seem
to feed upon to a great extent; the pub-
lication of this book I then held would bring
the angler into closer touch with the life of
the stream and he could, by carefully perus-
ing this volume, find a great number of
helps to success in more truly imitating na-

ey: i eh oy, J

Ans.—After some little enqui
part I have to report that the spoo
have referred to cannot be traced, a
therefore do not know where you can pro
the same, either in the States (where it
dently originated) or in Canada. I m
say that I am more than mildly curious

of the line would eagerly avail themselves of —
same. It is oddly surprising that the fis
should take this spoon to the absolute ex-
clusion of all the others. .I have had the —
same success using a certain company’s spoon,
where all others have failed to bring even
trifling success. No doubt the spoon in ques-
tion is one of the little known inventions that
never get a wide distribution, and die out
through want of notice. No doubt many ~~
appliances of the sort have a short life and
then fall into obscurity. I know of three fish-
ing appliances of the sort that haye gone
under all because of lack of funds to gain ©
distribution and through inability to reach
the great army of fishermen north and south.
We should be greatly pleased to have some ‘
of our readers, who may know something
further about the spoon mentioned in the ~—
above query, write us regarding same, for
which we will be greatly obliged. ~ '

By Pen:

No. 74.—I wish Mr. Robert Page Lincoln
would publish some notes about trolling for
muscallonge and bass. I have read your —
magazine for a long time but have not yet
found anything about trolling.

Yours truly,

Clinton Street, D. Schemnetz,

Toronto.

Ans.—Information in regard to trolling for
the muscallonge has been printed in various
past numbers of this magazine, and going
over these back numbers should give you
some little information on the subject. But
I have not written anything in line with
trolling for bass, a method, I may say that
is but little resorted to. I will however, in
the November Number have a number of
notes on various kinds of fishing, and will
no doubt insert the information that you

desire.
Ro. aE

ture with his artificial, self-tied fly creations.
After some little labour this highly important
volume is now off the press (American Trout _
Stream Insects, by Louis Rhead; Frederick a
A. Stokes Company, New York, Publishers, ~
Price $2.50 net). This volume is one that
anyone may take up and peruse with the
greatest pleasure, and in the case of the
angler with increasing benefit. Mr. Rhead
has accomplished something that has all
the aspects of a severe task. This book
has been some seven years in the making.
In that time he has been observing trout

insects along the stream, and painting them

s , 9 iy * ay ,*
athe et a SA
~ 516

true to life. These paintings in colours
appear in this volume. Should the. angler
wish to tie after them he has the ape hart
living insect in the book, oepn to his atten-
tion. These paintings are startingly true
to life; only a genius with the fine brush, such
as Mr. Rhead is, could do this. The accom-
plishment is indeed creditable. The insects

ictured in this book are accurate and if
flies are tied like these and used in the months
designated in the charts for each month there
is little doubt but that some excellent suc-
cess will be had. Just how severe was the
task Mr. Rhead set himself to accomplisa
can be gathered from his preface which is
as follows: ;

“No artist could do it properly unless he
were an angler of wide experience, with an in-
finite love of his subject, and willing to de-
vote ample time to the work. He must be
present on the streams nearly all the sum-
mer; and he must be prepared to forego
much pleasure in the pursuit of his favorite
sport—it often happens trout are rising to
the very flies which must needs be captured.
No angler could do it unless he were an
artist; and no artist unless he were an angler;
it must be a combination of both. The
difficulty in catching,..uninjured, these most
fragile insect specimens, in keeping them
alive in a wire cage long enough to paint
them in colours true to the living fly (when
dead their beautiful colour instantly fades),
is an undertaking my brother anglers would
searcely believe. Most of the insects must,
of necessity be captured at evening—very

often miles away from home. It is im-:

perative that the captives be kept over night
in the open air; and in the morning many
of the most delicate are either dead or so
greatly injured as to be useless. Then the
hunt for them must be gone all over again.
Nearly every specimen has to be painted
by the aid of a magnifying-glass; and the
most fragile are the most restless. To stick
a pin in them is sure death, the mangling of
the body, and the fading of the colour.
Aquatic insects—at least those most alluring
to trout—have a tendency to keep them-
selves hovering over deep or rushing water,
while the would-be capturer stands waiting
to get them within reach of his net, or else,
teasingly tempted, he flounders about in the
water, wet to the skin, only to miss the object
of his desire. Worse, far worse, are these
elusive insects to get within the net than
the wily trout.” ; ;

The present book is a delightful thing; and
it touches on entomology in such a simple,
easily-to-be-understood manner that almost
anyone can understand it. While the in-
sects listed are from American waters the
Canadian insects are much the same, in fact
practically the same, though of course there
are especial trout insects on Canadian waters

> -

we?

;
that are not found in this work. Princi

irl.
the book is an open introduction and in- —
vitation to anglers to tie flies carefully after

the natural insect found on the stream;
Mr. Rhead believes in the exact imitation
theory. He has little use for the standard
regulation flies, the most of which he con-
cedes are nowhere near like anything living
on the stream and therefore are not wholl

successful. Anyone reading this volume will
find a great deal of information that will
aid him in neon more proficient in the
Angling Art and will serve as an inspiration
and impetus along these lines that cannot
be denied. The entire subject of trout in-
sects from April till September is carefully
treated, and each chapter is filled with care-
ful observation.

This is the first book. of the sort to be
printed on this continent; it is the first ray
of light shed on the anglers’ field in this
respect. Naturally there are parts and ob-
servations that we are compelled to take
objection to, to doubt or later accept as the
case may be, but as a whole the work is one
of lasting benefit, and as the initial step
in the right direction it has the present re-
viewer’s kind recognition and recommenda-
tion. Mr. Rhead has tied flies after some
of his insect studies, and some of these
photos appear in the volume. Personally
we do not recommend these as exact imita-
tions of the insects he shows and we feel in
many cases that we could do much better,
and we say this without the least taint of
boast. Nor has Mr. Rhead asked the angler
to use the flies he himself has tied; all he
asks is that a study be made of the insects
he has painted, a group designated and por-
trayed for each month, and flies tied by the
student like them. They are in natural
colours, therefore the stuaent knows what
colours to select. Says Rhead:

“T am not endeavouring to urge upon my
brother anglers any new fancy flies, new
inventions, unusual or freak flies. I see this
being done every season, much to their dis-
advantage and my own. But the _ wise
angler, I hope, will see the object of this
book: to make anglers for trout follow a

‘scientific method of the highest importance

whereby we attain the best there is in angling.
When this work was begun several years ago,
entirely for my own private benefit, I saw
in it great possibilities for good if the method
—going back to Nature—could be adopted
universally. If the method does not become
universally popular, I have lost nothing; I
shall be the sole, yes, solitary, gainer.”

Here is a book that will enliven the fire-
side hours of many a thoughtful reader,
affording genuine pleasure; a book that
will stand side by side with the other classics
by the angling immortals.

|
\

—_—
Ss

=e

A FIRST CANOE TRIP —

J. B. Benson

NE day in August when staying at their
O summer cottage up in the north coun-

try Mary and Jack persuaded dad
to give them a real canoe trip, which was
to last two weeks, and be taken through
some of the inland lakes and streams with
which he was familiar. Mary was a girl
of about seventeen and Jack a couple of
years younger. Both were good paddlers
and could handle anything in the boat line
from a canoe to a sailing dinghy or motor
launch. Both could also swim like ducks
and were fair fishermen.

The first consideration was the outfit.
Many things the children thought should
be taken along dad saw fit to veto. Mary,
who was to be the chef of the party, wanted
most of her mother’s kitchen outfit, includ-
ing the bake-board and rolling pin, to which
mother objected strongly as she persisted
she needed this for the remainder of the
family wno were to be left at home. Jack
could not see what tne bake-board should
be taken along for unless they could pick up
a squaw en route with a pappoose, when
it could be utilized to strap the kid to, and
then hung up in a tree as Mrs. Smoke, the
Indian woman, was in the habit of doing
with her baby. Anyway on a pinch Mar
could see the bottom of the canoe, Tack
said, and as for the rolling pin any old round
stick would do the trick. Mary suggested
that perhaps Jack would be able to utilize
some of the knowledge he had learned from
Jim Indian Smoke about camp‘ng and Jack
agreed that he would.

“Jim says that when he and his father
go on a canoe trip, trapping or hunting they
never take any cooking outfit but just one
pail, none of your kind of an outfit, Mary.”

“They just take a knife each,” Jack con-
tinued, no fool forks and spoons, dishes,
pots or pans. They make their tea in the
‘aan and use fingers, which were made before

nives or forks, when tney need to get their
food to tneir mouths. They cook their
meals on the coals before the fire. That is
the way to play tne game if we are to play
Indian on this trip. I don’t want any fork
for my use; I can just make a wooden one
from a forked stick and I don’t want any
fishing rod either. Jim Smoke says he just
carries a fishing line and cuts wood ‘whenever
he needs a rod.”

“But that style of canoe trip won't do,”
objected Mary. This is to be a real white
man’s trip carried out along white man’s lines,
no Indian game if I am to be chief cook and
bottle washer. What do you say, dad?’

“Well,” said dad, “you two seem to be so
far apart in your ideas that I shall just com-
promise by giving you a list of what I con-
sider really necessary.

“A chestnut canoe, silk tent. one pair of
blankets each, three fishing rods, trolls, and
spoons, (two rods if only Jack insists upon
taking Jim Smoke’s advice), two pack sacks

ao

for you two, and my old tump line and the
square of canvas I sometimes use in making
up my pack.
better than the ready-made sacks. is
idea would, I think, meet witn the appr
of your authority Jim Smoke, eh Jac We
will take no tent poles or pins. The bush is
full of them, one light axe, 25 pounds flour,,
baking powder, five pounds pancake flour,
a pail of lard, a side of good breakfast bacon,
tea, coffee, fifteen pounds beans, sugar, salt,
pepper, milk powder, a pail of butter, iron
grate for fire place, tin reflector for baking.
This will give Mary a chance to distinguis

herself in outside baking. This method of
baking I think is not included in the domestic
economy of the school of science. Then
we shall take one frying pan, two pots, one
tea pail, three knives and forks, three cups,
three plates, three spoons, one medium sized
tin basin, and if Mary insists, coffee and
tea pots. Take the aluminum ware as far
as we have it for lightness. Now get to
work Mary and mother, and make small
bags for the tea, sugar, beans, flour, bacon,
and anything else that will go in bags. The
coffee better be in cans. Don’t forget match-
es and about one pound of wax canales.
Perhaps mother will give us some cold boiled
ham and a loaf of bread to start out on until
the chef gets her hand in at baking.”

The list when compiled looked like a fairly
heavy outfit still as the portages were short
for the first few camps we decided to add
some rolled oats ana half a bushel of potatoes.

“That’s all right, dad,” agreed Mary, “but
should we not have a candlestick?”

“No, you tenderfoot, I will snow you how
to make one with a piece of stick and small
strip of birch bark,” offered Jack.

I then laid down some rules of conduct,
for these were the days when parents did
lay aown rules of conduct for their children
and expected them to be followed. ‘There
is to be no scrapping when I am around and
each will be expected to do the work assigned
as well and faithfully as you know how.”

“First, I am to be chief in command, or
‘Big Injum,’ as Jack says. Mary is to have
sole control of the cooking while Jack builds
the fire-place, cuts wood, carries water and
helps with the dishes. All are to help at
carrying such packs as I shall indicate. In
the morning we shall pack up and start and
in the meantime think the matter over and
see if we have omitted anything.”

By nine o’clock next morning the packs
were being made up. Mary added a few
light things and also some reading matter
and a pack of cards. Altogether our out-
fit amounted to about 200 pounds, exclusive
of canoe and paddles. This was uivided inte
four packs. Dad took about sixty pounds,
leaving forty each for the children, the two
latter doubling on ,the canoe. This we
thought would make it easy going over the
short portages on the first half of the trip,
17

I like that old fashioned style

‘ » ‘
'

_ by which time the packs
much reduced.
About 10 a.m. a start was made. Mother
_ said good-bye to us all and cautioning the
_ children against bears, wolves, snakes and
other dangerous things that might be met
in the woods, counselled them to obey dad
and with a hip hip hurrah we were off, Mary
in the bow, Jack amidships and dad at the
, stern. That dav we made about fifteen
- miles and crossed two short portages where
_ the children did their part well. We found
- _ afnice location for our first camp on the

bee

eng, «™

Courtesy Canadian Pacific Ry.

_ further side of the second lake and here pitch-
_ ed¥the tent for a three-day stay. Jack and

Mary both worked well, gathering the fea-
thers and making the beds themselves. Then
Mary*made some biscuit in her reflector
which all pronounced fit to eat if one were
sufficiently hungry. Jack thought he would
like to stone blackbirds with them if dad
__-would permit. However the potatoes, bacon
and cold ham mother had loaned us, with
good tea, made everybody comfortable. After
tea Jack initiated Mary into the mystery of
making a candlestick with a piece of birch
bark inserted into a split in the top of a stick

about the size of an ordinary cane. Then
ie after;dad had a smoke or two and the chil-
Lg drenza game of pedro Jack sounded the bed-
time gong on the bottom of a tin basin, and

woula become v ry”

A FAIR FISHER

sleep of outdoor life. In the mor
called the two who came out looking so
wnat sleepy but fresh after wake - slept

a top the night through. Jack said —
thought he could have enjoyed his blanket
better if he had not been called so early.
After a good breakfast the children went
fishing while dad made some camp furniture. —
When they returned they found a neat table
built with crotched sticks and split cedars
for a top, with a pole seat on each side, a pot
hook for Mary and a nice seat under a cedar

where Mary had ‘expressed a wish to}have a
camp chair. Her surprise was so great at
seeing things so handy and neat that she
said she would like to camp there all summer
if possible. ‘“‘Why I can just set my table —
as I please and feel like living,’’ she exclaimed,
“and that seat under the cedar where I can —
sit,in the shade and read—say dad, won’t —
I have something to tell the girls in Toronto ©
about? This will be solid comfort with a
capital C.” ? 4
““Hurrah Jack, get that water for dinner,
I am going to give you something nice this
time.” 20%
“T hope,” said Jack, ‘‘you will improve on ~
your last baking, if I am to eat it. If you
don’t I shall begin to think you don’t ever
know how to boil water.” ,

>
:

At this camp the fish were, plentiful and
Mary soon earned the reputation of being a
good cook. The only incident of note hap-
pened to Jack. Mary wanted some blue-
berries with which to make pies and Jack
started to where he knew they were. In

‘a very short time he came flying back with

his berry pail empty shouting that he had
seen a big black bear sitting on his haunches
eating berries.

“Well,” said dad, “T’ll bet that bear quit
picking berries about as quick as you did
if he saw you, and he eababls started on the
run for home too. Bears in this district are
not often dangerous unless you happen to
meet an old she-bear with cubs, then look
out. I once came near being mixed up in
a scrap with one when a boy—if it had not
been for my chum, who had more sense than
I. The two of us were travelling along an
old lumber road and I had a shot gun with
me. An old bear and two cubs came out on
the road about four rods ahead and foolishly
I raised the gun to shoot, when my chum
called out: ‘For God’s sake don’t fire!’
It was well I did not for the old bear showed
her teeth at us, as it was, and after her cubs
had crossed into the bush she gave us a part-
ing snarl and followed. If I had pumped
that shot into her I might not have been
here now to tell of it. Don’t ever attempt
to shoot a bear with a shot gun. If you
want bear take a good rifle with you loaded
for bear.”

We made camp the next time about twenty

- miles further up the lakes and fitted up about

the same as at the first place, except that
Jack was called on to make a table for Mary,
which he succeeded in doing, after a fashion.
This was a very nice camping place and
we stayed there four days when Mary had
a slight mishap. When dad was making
the packs early in the morning the children
tried for fish at a small pier which the lumber-
men had made near the camp. Here in some
way Jack managed to stumble against Mary
and over she went backward into the water.
When she rose she attempted to climb up
the pier and asked Jack for help as the logs
were so slippery. ‘“‘However am I to make
the portage in this garb?’ she enquired, as
she emerged from the water. Upon reach-
ing the camp she ran into the tent calling out
“No admittance,’ and after a while appeared
in her bathing suit with wet shoepacs on
bare feet and her old straw hat on with her
hair down her back and flying loose.

“Hello”, said Jack, ‘‘If we should meet any
one they will think we have captured a wild
and woolly wood nymph”’.

When they got about half way over the
portage they saw two young fellows coming
along carrying packs.

“My goodness,” said Mary and off she
flung her pack and skipped into the woods
and hiding behind a fallen tree she waited
until they were out of sight. Then picking
up the pack she hiked for all she was worth
to the lake.

. Did they see me, Jack?’ she enquired,
and what did they say?’’

“Oh, they noticed the pack and asked

‘i _whose_it,was and I just told them the young

fellow had gone after something he had ©
left in the woods.”

It was nearly sundown when we reached
our camping ground that night, with only
time enough to pitch the tent and get supper,

before darkness fell. That night we sought
our blankets tired and ready for sleep. The
next morning after getting everything in
proper shape dad proposed visiting a lumber
camp where supplies were held over for the
next season’s work in charge of some fire
rangers. In going up a small creek we came
suddenly upon a cow moose and her calf in
the water, almost running the canoe on top
of them. Out they plunged for the shore,
which the cow reached first and then waited
for her calf. As it was slower getting up
the bank the children had a good view of
them both.

“Such a funny calf,’’ said Mary, “all legs,
and how tame the cow seems to be! To see
a real live moose and her calf in their native
haunts, that will be something to, boast
about.”

In due time we reached the lumber camp
where we got some heavy fat bacon (tiger
the men called it), flour, sugar and tea.
This Mary thought would put us through.
The fat from the bacon would do very nicely
to cook fish in. The children were shown
all over the buildings and were greatly in-
terested in everything. The large eatin
house where food was supplied for a hundre
men, the great sleeping camp with its num-
erous berths, the stables for so many horses,
the large store-houses, the office for foreman
and clerk, and the workings throughout on
such a stupendous scale, gratified their curi-
osity and gave them a knowledge of some-
thing they had never dreamed of.

The next morning Mary and Jack visited
Smoke’s berry picking camp and were well
received, Jim and Jack entertaining each
other while Mrs. Smoke amused Mary by
telling her how she caught Smoke when she
was a girl about Mary’s age. Mary told
her that the man always caught the women
among white people unless sometimes in
Leap Year, but Mrs. Smoke said any year
would do in their tribe. ‘You see, Mary,
I was just your age when Smoke and my
father the chief at Post some time go trade
furs. I go in store one time and clerk he
ask me I know Smoke. I say no. He say
Smoke good hunter, plenty fur, keep my
wigwam full, eat all time, great chance, good
girl. I no say nothing, just go out to wig-
wam. Then [ tink *bout Smoke, tink all
day, t’ink all night, t’ink all time. Then some
time, bimeby after tink much time *bout
Smoke he look nice. Then I say, ‘Smoke
you want squaw, keep wigwam, dress deer,
skin, make moccasin, snowshoe, do lots ting.
Then Smoke he look me and say, ‘You ti
you make good squaw, keep wigwam cook
venison, dress skin, carry pack, paddle,
canoe, set trap, do lots t’ings?’ ‘Yes,’ I
say. Then he t’ink, t’ink some more, then
he light pipe, he tink again, then bimeby
he t’ink some more, then he smoke he lay
down pipe and he say ‘Yes I tink I want
good young squaw. See chief, what he take!
Then I feel shame and run up wigwam and
hide head in blankets. Some time soon I

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» to eat they are.

. hear Smoke speak chief, then I peep out

wigwam, then Smoke he say, Chief I good
hunter, I get plenty fur, I- make squaw eat
plenty venison, get fat, plenty credit post,
good hunting ground, no get drunk, good
man me. How much? Then Smoke he
lay down one beaver, Chief my father turn
*way, look over lake, then bimeby he turn,
Smoke he put down ‘nother beaver, Chief
he shake head, light pipe and look over lake,
then Smoke he put ’nother beaver down.
Chief he just smoke, look ’way. Then Smoke
he get mad. He put down t’ree more beaver,
put bag on top, then chief he turn ‘gain,
then I t’ink I loose Smoke and I feel bad,
then Smoke he reach down to pick up skins,
then chief he lay down pipe, reach over, take
skins and say, ‘takum.’ Then I know I
catch Smoke. Oh, how glad I feel then. I
run hide in wigwam. Chief he call. I no
answer. He call again. I no answer. Then
Chief he come in wigwam and say, ‘Why
ou not come, I call?’ Then I ’fraid and
e lead me by arm out to Smoke and Chief
he Say ‘takum.’ Then Smoke he lead me
*way his wigwam and I his squaw ever since.
That how I caught Smoke.” 2

“Was there no priest?’

“No priest. He come after many pappoose
born. Then priest he ask Smoke why no
married. Smoke say yes he give chief six

Mary asks.

_ beaver, tink that ‘nuff. No, priest he say

we must be married ’cording to church.
Then Smoke he speak me. I think, then
I speak Smoke, he think then we both think
best be married ’gain. Then priest he stan’
Smoke and me both up on floor, say some
tings, then priest he say, Smoke and me
good married Christians. Then priest he
christen all ’em eight children and pappoose
in the basket, all-too. Then we all good
people just like white men.”

The two returned to camp after this recital
where Mary greatly amused dad by repeat-
ee ne story of how Mrs. Smoke had caught

moke.

Mary decided to stay home the next day
and make blueberry pies and other nice things
while dad and Jack paddled around the lake

_ (which was large) on an exploring trip. After

the fish were caught dad and Jack visited
Smoke’s camp for a few minutes and dad
asked her if they ever now got as nice rats
as she once long ago gave him. She said,
“Some time we get ’em, no so good as used
to be up near Indian village.’’ This puzzled
Jack who on the way home asked dad how
it was he ate Mrs. Smoke’s rats, he thought
that only Chinamen ate rats. “Oh,” said
dad, these were muskrats and very good
The way of it was I struck
Smoke’s sugar bush camp one spring want-
ing three meals, with broken snow shoes
and hungry and tired. They were just about
to begin breakfast as I arrived and kindly
asked me to join. I can assure you I didn’t
hesitate about accepting. They had some
four or five birds as I thought toasting on
sticks before the camp-fire, which I found
out later were rats. I tackled one and found
it just about as good as beaver or black
squirrel and made a very fine meal off it
and some cake with tea and maple syrup.

Oh yes, muskrats are good like many ot

Tok Gas ie BB ee
nA

things we people fail to utilize.” aw)
ary had by this time~ become quite —

an expert at using her oven and iron grate —
over ‘an outdoor fire. This grate was simply |
made of a 12 foot rod of half inch round iron >
bent after the following manner and weighed —
about eight pounds—four bars supported
at each end on a stone or log of green wood.
With these one’s fireplace is quickly made
and furnishes a nice flat surface for three
articles, say. After using it a summer camp-
er never wishes to be without it. It was
carried in an old bag and packed on the out-
side of Jack’s pack. We stayed a long time
in this camp, had good fishing, some family
picnics to various beauty spots, visited some
adjoining lakes and altogether enjoyed every |
day with only two days and one night’s rain.

As our next move would take us clear out —
to Georgian Bay dad gave orders for all to
tidy up for a night over at the hotel while
waiting for the boat to carry us home.

“Tidy up?” said Mary. “How can any
of us tidy up with not an extra bit of clothing
except a change of underwear foreach? Look —
at my old straw hat with the top of the crown
loose and tied up with Jack’s fishline. M
sweater looks just horrid and this skirt is Ry
frayed at the bottom, to say nothing about
my beautiful shoe pacs. Oh I think if Shea —
could just see me he would offer me a big —
salary to figure in some of his performances. —
I don’t like the hotel plan. Can’t we just
paddle home? 2

“Too far and rough, my girl. We shall
meet some people there who will recognize
us simply as a returning canoe party and
pay no attention to our clothes.

“Yes, but what about the other kind of
summer boarder, that visit resorts only to
show off their fine clothes! I shall expect to
be asked if the berries are plentiful and how
much we get a basket, while some of them
will enquire as to what tribe we belong to
and where our Indian village is, etc.”

Jack thought he could stand it if dad and
Mary could and was prepared to play the
game up to the handles no matter what
any of the guests might think so long as the
landlord did not turn them out for tramps.
Dad informed them that he was well acquaint- _
ed with the landlord and could guarantee
them a right royal welcome, aside from what
any of the guests might think of them.

At 5 p.m. on their fifteenth day out they —
made the hotel and marched up the front
steps, Mary with her chin in the air, looking ~
like some Indian princess. Some of the ~
guests did as Mary predicted, looked them —
disdainfully over from head to heels, while
others with true canoeing instinct greeted —
them with a welcoming smile as though to ~
say: “A canoe party, evidently. We have —
been there ourselves.” a

The landlord welcomed dad most cordially —
and assigned us to the best rooms in the house ~
and when the gong rang for dinner the land--
lord himself escorted us to a table by our-
selves and despatched a waiter to us at once
so that very soon we all began to feel at h
although we appeared in strong contras
the rest of the guests. pat

‘
3
2
x
F)

>

In the morning we got the boat and when
bevting at the nearest home dock launched
our canoe and crossed the bay to our cottage,
arriving before any of the family saw us.

,*
erat

YF eta ised Saul
“A FIRST CANOE T

2

We stood up then on the wharf anc
three lusty cheers which brought all the f
pell mell down to meet the returned wande
ers. q ‘oe

NOVA SCOTIA GUIDES’ ASSOCIATION -

MEET

jack Learment

If you know the joys of a camp fire,
Out ’mong the swaying trees;
When the moon laughs down through the vastness
And there’s a tang in the pine laden breeze;
When your old ‘“‘jimmy pipe’ is working right
And the grub pile is hard to beat;
You will sure get the best of this old life
By attending a real Guides’ Meet.

NDER the patronage of the Patriotic

Fund the members of the Nova Scotia

Guides’ Association gathered at Lake-
side Park, Yarmouth, Nova Scotia on August
10th and 11th for their annual Meet. The
Park made an ideal spot for the sports and
the situation, good management and keen
competition made the 1916 gathering of
the men of the camp and carry one long
to be remembered.

Special features were introduced to add
to the attractiveness of the program and
it is a safe bet to say that the spectators
were as much interested in the different
events as the competitors. |

A hundred bird Trap event was staged
with professionals and amateurs competing
and this perhaps was the most talked of and
closely followed number on the program.
The profs. were represented by John S. Boa,
of the Dominion Cartridge Co., Montreal,
and J. Walker Andrews, St. John, represent-
ing the Remington U.M.C. Co., also E. G.
White, Ottawa, of the Dupont Powder Co.
Stacked up against these shooters were
“Nick”? Boylston of Leesburg, Florida, and
Sherriff H. A. P. Smith of Digby, N.S. The
event was a good one from the first call of
“Pull” until the last bird was called “‘Dead’’
and the professionals were winners by only
a few birds.

A Children’s Pageant, with one hundred
and fifty little tots taking part was another
feature. ‘““The Shepherd Boy’s Dream’”’ was
the number staged and the bright and
variegated dresses against the background
of green, made up a sight well worth seeing.

The boys from Camp Mooswa also enter-
tained with an exhibition of diving and
swimming. These lads from across the Bor-
der ably demonstrated that they were reg-
ular “merboys’’ and seemed surely at home
in the water.

up in the air” in good style and ably proved
that “‘practice makes perfect.”

The prize list was large and varied and
every winner carried home articles that would

come in handy in the home or at the line ©

camp.

When one realizes that the Guides’ Meet
brings together every year the men of the
big outdoors, men who are lovers of fair sport
and clean living, men who are ‘‘there”’ in a
pinch; one knows the resulting friendships
and knowledge of the “‘other fellows’? ways
must be of great benefit—and to the men
who are behind the Meet—namely Roy
S. Kelly, H. Cary, Sheriff Smith, Harry
Allen, Bernard Cummings and their able
committees, must come great satisfaction at
the successful termination of such a gather-
ing of true sportsmen.

The New Brunswick Association was re-
presented by J. Harold McMurray of Fred-
ericton, N.B. and indications point to a large
attendance of New Brunswick Guides at
next year’s Meet.

Following is a complete list of prizes and
winners :-—

Thursday, August 10th.
Rifle Shooting—Off Hand.

Judges—Game Inspector C. O’Dell, Anna-

polis, N.S. and assistants.

1st prize.—.280 Ross Rifle, donated by

Ross Rifle Co., Que. Won by Charles
Christie.

2nd prize.—35 Winchester Rifle, donated
by Winchester Arms Co. Won by Manus
Bower.

3rd_prize.—Barrel of flour, donated by
William Law & Co. Won by J. F. Bealer.

4th prize.—Lamp, donated by Imperial
Oil Co. Won by Tom Davis.

5th prize.—Box Tobacco, donated by Im-
perial Tobacco Co. Won by John Davis. °
-6th prize—Set of Lyman Sights, donated
by Lyman Sight Co. Won by Claude Hem-
eon.

Running Deer Target.

Judges same as for Rifle Shooting.

1st prize—Wrist Watch and Compass,
donated by Capt. A. Cann.
Sherman.

Won by Frank

nd prize.—Tent, donated by Cosmos
Cotton Co. Won by Lloyd Sandford.
3rd_prize.—Four boxes shells, donated by
_ Dom. Cart Co. Won by Ernest Smith.
uy. Canoe Rescue Race.
. Ist prize.—$10.00 and 2 doz.

:

Minards

fi: Liniment, donated by J. “Otis W ardwell,
Boston & Minard’s Liniment Co. Won by

ai ~ Horace Munro and Louis Harlow.
2nd _ prize.—$5.00 and 1 doz. Minard’s

Ki Liniment.
Grey.

—

Won by Geo. Skinner and Alex.

. ! Canoe Tilting.
Ist prize.—$10.00 and 2 doz. Minard’s

Liniment, donated by Minard’s Liniment Co.,
y Yarmouth.
2nd prize.—2 clocks, donated by E. K.

Spinney. Draw between Judson & Manus
; Bower and Horace Munro and Louis Harlow.
_ Prizes equally divided.

Thursday Evening.
Exhibition Rink, 8 o’clock.

Ladder Race.
Bi ices J. M. Trefry, R. D. Butler, Harry
_ Raynard. Won by South End Engine Co.
ae Tug-of-War.
ms Guides ys. Firemen. Won by Guides in
_ two straight pulls.

2 Bag Punching.
_ Exhibition by John A’Hearn.

. Bozing Bout.
ee Bout between Guide Fred Gould,
Ex.-Amateur Welter Weight Champion
ang U.S. and John A’Hearn, ex-amateur Mid-
- dleweight Champion of U.S. Draw.

| f) Moose Calling Contest.
a: Judges—John S. Boa, J. W. Andrews, J.
_ Harold McMurray, W. “Nick” Boylston.
ist prize—Clock, donated by W. N.
: _ Boylston, Leesburg, Florida. Won he Charles
— Wood.
. _ 2nd prize.—1 pair Rubber Boots, donated
__ by W. Sweeney. Won by John Davis.
Bk donated by
Bay dd. A. P. Smith. Won by Gordon Roberts.
Ath prize.—1 doz. Minard’s Liniment, do-
Won by

j

nated by Minard’s Liniment Co.

Jeff McKay.

oe Friday Morning—August 11th.
Salmon Fly Casting for distance.
-Judges—Fred Graham, Quaker Oat Co.;

EC. G. Godfrey.

fee ist prize. Beal. donated by L. C. Gard-

¥: ner & Co. Won by Stephen Luckey.
2nd prize.—Salmon Flies, donated by Carl

_ Herman. Won by Horace Munro.

by Marble’ Safety Axe Co.
Luckey.
Ath prize—Trout Flies, donated by Carl
Won by Chas. Charlton.

Trout Fly Casting for Distance.
-___Ist prize.—Bristol Steel Rod, donated by
Horton Mfg. Co., Bristol, Conn. Won by
>. H. Munro.
aa 2nd prize.—Sweater, donated by W. N.
Allan. Won by Charles Charlton.

3rd prize—Razor, donated by Wm. Burrel
& Co. Won by L. ‘Munro.
4th prize.—i year’s subscription to Yar-
~ mouth Light. donated by C. Carey Pub-
SR Won by Chas. Sullivan.

Won by Haegie

Herman.

& Co. Halifax. Won by Charles ‘Charlton

3rd prize.—Marble Hunting Knife, donated

‘Trout pity Pasig als Accuirac l).
Ist prize—Reel donated by A

2nd prize.—Khaki shirt donated by W.L. ht

Rodgers. Won by L. Munro. > aaa
3rd prize.—Picture donated by R. K.
Smith. Won by Dave Marlin. re
4th prize.—Drinking Cup donated by F. rye
T. Burrill. Won by Chas. Sullivan. Br
Log Chopping. Ot

1st prize.—$10.00 donated by J. Otis’ ion
Wardwell, Boston. Won by Judson Grey. ete
2nd prize.—1 pair Shoe Packs donated by ; s

John Palmer Co. Ltd. Won by L. Munro.

3rd prize.—Bag of Flour donated by Cain
Bros. Won by R. Longmire.

4th prize.—Axe donated by E. K. Spinney
Co. Yarmouth. Won by Louis Harlow.

Log Burling

1st prize.—$10.00 donatad by J. Otis
Wardwell, Boston. Won by Manus Bower

2nd prize.—Pair Shoes donated by Porter
& Robbins. Won by Bertram Bower.

3rd prize.—Pair Sporting Shoes donated
by Crosby & Baker. Won b » a Bower.

4th prize—Axe donated K. Spin- ms
ney. Won by Abner ParGes a
Log Racing. A
Ist prize. ct eaietie he donated by os

Gillette Safety Razor Co.
Bower.
2nd prize.—Pipe donated by Joseph Stone-
man. Won by Manus Bower.
3rd prize.—Ten Meal Tickets, donated by
C. R. Hermeon. Won by Bertram Bower.
Friday, 1.30 p.m. ©
(Free-for-all Amateur Sports.)
Senior Swimming Race.
Ist prize—Stick Pin. Won by Heron
Ward, Camp Mooswa.
2nd prize.—Safety Razor. Won by John
Love, Camp Mooswa. :
3rd _ prize.—Season’s Pass to Ro di Opera
House, Yarmouth. Won by H. Alward,
Camp Mooswa.

Junior Swimming Race.
1st prize.—Pair Paddles, donated Can-
adian Cause Co. Won by Metcalfe, Camp
Mooswa.
2nd prize.—Pillow top, donated by R.
F. Guest. Won by Leadbetter, Camp Moos-

wa.
Tub Race.
ist prize.—Sanford Hewitt, Camp.Mooswa.
2nd prize.—Ronald Brown, Camp Mooswa.
Canoe Race; Single.
ist prize.—Laurence Munro.
2nd prize.—Steve Glode.
Canoe Tilting.
Won by James Bower and Chas. Charlton.
Crab Race.
Won by L

Won by James

aurence Munro.

Special Features.
Children’s Pageant.—‘“The Shepherd Boy’s
Dream,” by 150 children under the direction
of the Ladies’ Committee. lg
100 Bird Match between John S. Boa,
Representative Dominion Cartridge Co., W.
N. Boylston of Leesburg, Florida, J. W.
Andrews, Representative U.M.C. Co., Sheriff,
H. A. P. Smith, President, N. S. ” Guide
Association, E. G. White, Ottawa, Ree e
sentative Dupont Powder Co.

es - 8S

~ mouth Gun Club. Won by Sheriff H. A. P.

- by Remington U.M.C. Co.

’, alan

~ 50 Bird Shot for Ithaca Trap
to Licensed Guides and members~ of

Yar-

Smith, Digby, N.S
Trap Shooting.
Judges—G. Harry Allen, O. K. Milestone,

Fred Burrill.

1st prize—Reminton Pump Gun, donated
Won by Geo.
Skinner.

fh2nd prize —Kodak, donated by Can. Kodak
Co. Won by Judson Grey:

3rd prize.—Gun Case, donated by Nobel
Explos. Co. Won by Ernest Smith.

4th prize—Hunting Coat, donated by
Iver-Johnson Co. Won by J. H. Sabean.

Double Canoe Race.

Judges—Ross Allen, Geo. R. Earle, L. C.
Gardner, Capt. Fred Ladd; Capt. Geo.
Wetmore.

ist prize.—$10.00 and 2 doz. Minard’s
Liniment. Won by James Bower and Manus
Bower.

2nd prize.—$5:00 and 1 doz. Minard’s
Liniment. Won by Louis Harlow and C.
Charlton.

3rd_prize—Two boxes cigars. Won by
Joe Charles and Louis Peters.

Single Canoe Race.
1st prize.—1 pair Military Brushes, donat-
ed by Amherst Shoe Co. Won by Laurence
Munro.

2nd prize.—1 pair Maple Paddles, donated
by Old Town Canoe Co. Won by Horace
Munro.

3rd prize.—Rug, donated by Geo. T. Bain.
Won by Louis Harlow.

Exhibition of Fancy Rifle and Shot Gun
Shooting by John S. Boa, representing
Dominion Cartridge Co., Montreal, both
afternoons.

Aquatic Exhibition by Mooswa Boys of

amp Mooswa.

A Special Prize of a handsome calendar
from Lawson & Jones, London, Ont. was
mailed to every prize winner.

Free Ammunition for the use of all the
guides competing was supplied by the Dom-
inion Cartridge Co., Montreal.

Address delivered by H. A. P. Smith, Presi-
dent Nova Scotia Guides’ Association,
at Lakeside Park, Yarmouth,
August 10th, 1916.

First of all my brother Guides, I thank
you for your confidence reposed in me by
again electing me as your President for the
ensuing year. I feel this honor very, very
deeply and with all seriousness will say, that
I would rather be your President than the
President of the Standard Oil Trust. ‘Now
wouldn’t that Rockefeller?’’ Nevertheless,
I mean it because I see before me men that
I know to be an honest lot of sportsmen,
men who like myself, love the woods, rivers,
lakes and streams and the great outdoors,
who get their pleasure from the solitudes,
far from the noises of civilization. I often
look. at some of you guides when I meet you

in various towns and villages I visit, and

Gun, open very often I think can db

-

I met in the woods? There you mov
without caution and there seems no
spring in your steps, but what a transfo!
tion when I see you in the forest, alert, quick, —
with springy step and penetrating, shiftins
eyes—men who know the woods and love
to be in them. Last fall I had a partieularl
pleasant and successful moose hunt with :;
friend from across the border, a man with
ample means, who can live in the greatest
luxury that civilization affords, yet he spends”
all his spare time as far away from-civiliza-
tion as possible. Upon my return from the
hunt my friend turned to me and said: “Look
at that fence. Here we are back again into
civilization with all its rot and rubbish.” —
And how true. For a short time we had ~
been where such things as ‘religion, politics —
and night-shirts did not concern us at all. —
Our rifles and rods had kept the pot boiling
and the fry pan singing. Now it was to be
dollars and cents and the everlasting grind
with the crowd putting their wits against
yours, trying to get the best of you every
time. Stuck up in a stiff chair with a boiled
shirt on and a starched collar 1s not to be )
compared with a meal out of a tin plate held SS
between your knees and the song birds and a
ripple of the brook for your orchestra. The
cocoa you drink at home don’t taste half Mt
as good as the ‘“‘noggin’ of swamp juice,

soot and tea you enjoyed in camp. I want

to welcome the boys from the Eastern Coun-

ties and especially those from Annapolis
County. It is one of the greatest pleasures

of this meet to me to see them here, and~

I hope they will all have as good a time as

they deserve. This organization is not merely

to guide visiting sportsmen and our own but \
also and more especially for the protection

of game and fish. Let us all make it acus- ~
tom to discourage any man from killing more

game and fish than the Game Law allows.

If game ever becomes so scarce that it is

not worth while hunting or fishing, our
Association must necessarily perish as a
matter of course. Look at the State of
Maine where moose were killed in and out

of season, summer and winter, until now

the authorities have had to put a close season

on them, and so scarce have they become

that it is doubtful if they can ever recover.
Boys don’t take your rifles when guiding. h}
If your man can’t shoot his game after you

have successfully hunted it for him it is not

your fault, and all the better for the game

too. We have lots of moose in the Province

now. No doubt some of you will be surprised

to know that 1208 bulls were reported shot

last fall—more than the Province of New a
Brunswick could boast of last year. I be- ‘¢
lieve the time is not far distant when the
Government will appoint wardens to patrol vf
the woods and watch that no game is killed %
illegally. I need not tell you that it will
be from among your men that these wardens
must be chosen. I want to see a committee

of guides appointed to scrutinize every appli-
cation for a guide’s license because you see
these prizes are becoming very attractive and

I want to see them go to the men who toil
across the portages and do the guiding and
work. This must be something to keep ‘i

scheme to advance.

Rees a Pe en

Do

ae

Ma the whistle of his wings.”

season.

even in February.
_ in the world that I have ever heard of, so
you see Nova Scotia as a sporting Province

= a
HEPA

One be foe, +e 4
watch on and never to be forgotten. Righ
here I would like to say that I have a pet
It is this: com-
bined Guides’ meet between the New Bruns-
wick Guides and us. One year we could
hold it in New Brunswick and the next in
Nova Scotia. I have in mind Rockwood
Park, St. John, to start with. I believe
great good would come from such a meet.
Ideas would be exchanged among the guides
and in every way the protection of game
would be benefitted immensely> I hope
we can arrange such a meet, and if we do,
would like to see every one of you present
here to-night to attend. New Brunswick has
been widely advertised as a sporting Province
but little old Nova Scotia will be hard to beat.
There is scarcely any time of year that you
cannot shoot or fish. Beginning with the
trout fishing on April first there soon fol-
_ lows salmon fishing in May and June and
even in July as this present season. Then
I may remark here that our brother
guide, Laurie Mitchell, killed the biggest
tuna ever landed on rod and line, a fish of

_ 710 pounds, in Nova Scotia off the mouth of

the Port Medway River. August sees the
ae plover and good bags are to be
had along our sea coast until well in Sep-
tember. By the 15th moose calling begins,
_ the sport which attracts the largest number

of outside sportsmen. October is the part-
_ ridge month and from then until the winter
seals our lakes and streams woodcock shoot-
ing is at its best, and I do not believe any

_ place on the American Continent can com-

pare with Nova Scotia for the shooting of

grand game bird of whom some writer
has said that it “lures the sportsman from
all other feathered game when once he hears
Ducks are with
us all winter and geese too. There is no
_ place in the world where Canada geese win-
ter so far north as Nova Scotia. Splendid
game birds they are when fatted on the

nutritious ell grass roots which they pull up

_ through the sand. March Ist closed the
goose and duck season, and here we are
again within only one month of the trout
If you do not care to rest from
sport for even this one month go down to

e Medway River and hook a salmon.
_ Many fish are landed there in March and
This is the earliest river

is hard to beat. I did not mention porpoise
shooting during the summer months but for
young strong men this is one of the finest
sports of all. I believe poor old Toney (alas,

_ dead since our last meet) and myself hold

the record for one day for five sea porpoise
_ which I shot while he steered the canoe.

These fish if they can be so called would

average about 1000 pounds each. Now,

boys, the deer season opens in Nova Scotia
_ for the first time on October 21st, and closes
on the 3ist, one buck to a person.

Just let
me intimate that it is going to be dangerous
because so many inexperienced men and
oys will be deer hunting. At the present
time these animals remain near civilization
especially near old pastures and orchards,
therefore,the hunting at first will be in settled

is _ \ , : : . i’ a ’
Paley : Dray pa so
. A . ra ky ie ities
; hep be
stricts On

_ one of them.

nee

a tei
istricts. On no account let any

are guiding, shoot where they see a ;
in the bushes. Any of us would look foolish |

man, or some farmer’s fat steer, the result

of carelessness. There would be no excuse ©
to offer, because bucks alone are legal game,
and does do not carry horns. So boys look
out! I am _ not the least afraid that any
qualified guide will shoot any one in mistake
for a deer, but the sport whom you are guid-
ing is the one. Coach him (or her) to be
careful and tell him to keep safety first in
mind always and not to shoot unless the
animal wears deer horns. And now boys,
I know you will join me in wishing good luck
to our brother guides who have gone over-
seas to fight the enemy, and thereby preserve
this dear Canada of ours, that we may all
enjoy the wild life of the forest without any
man having the right to order us off his
property. And among these brave boys
nearly every guide here has some son, bro-
ther or other relation or dear friend. I
happen to be in the class with those who have
sent their only sons across, so can understand
the anxiety we are all undergoing. We
could not all go, age and other drawbacks
over which we have no control compelling
us to stay behind. Our former President,
Clarence Burrill, is there. Sergeant Ryer
of Shelburne, one of the greatest soldiers of
them all, is there, who hid in No Mans Land
and sniped twelve Germans in one day, and
then told his chums it was better fun than
moose hunting. Big Jim McLeod, who had
when last heard from, seventeen notches on
his rifle stock, representing dead Germans,
is also there and McKay, one of our very
best was among the killed. Little Johnny
McEwan who will become a famous scout,
and many others are now in the firing line.
I see also guides here to-night in uniform,
great able-bodied young men dead shots every
I trust when next we meet
and hold our competitions that all our boys
will be back with us and we can listen to
their stories of how they helped win the
great victory. Next month the hunter's
moon will rise above the trenches and it is
a safe guess that the boys when they see it,
will be thinking of the moose hunting here
at home. Many of us here to-night will
be sitting out watching under the same
moon and listening for the answering call of
a bull moose, while they are watching and
listening for the enemy. I fancy I can hear
them whispering to each other down the line,
“What a night for calling! I bet some of
the boys home will be getting a shot to
night.” Good luck to them I say, and may
every bullet from their rifles find its billet for
remember they are playing the biggest game
of all. If any of them have to make the
supreme sacrifice and join those gone before
since our last meeting, when they shall have
made the last portage, and their canoes
shall have grounded on that mysterious
shore, may they find ridges of beach and
birch and swamps of spruce and fir, with the |
maple leaf lifting to the breeze, and every-

where running the trails of game im their —

happy hunting ground, where the old are
young again and always. >

¢

if we stood looking down at a dead or wounded

You Can Shave In
Comfort Anywhere

Put a tube of Mennen’s Shaving Cream in your grip
before you start. Then you can shave quickly and She
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cool, smooth, refreshed face that will send you on
your way rejoicing.

MENNENS SHAVING CREAM | |)

You can shave anywhere without Apply Mennen’s Shaving Cream and
worrying about water conditions, be note how the thick, creamy lather
they hard or soft, hot or cold. softens the beard instantly so that

even a razor that is slightly dull cuts

Mennen’s Shaving Cream requires no easily and smoothly without pulling.
“rubbing in” with the fingers and : $

e contains no free caustic. Hence.it saves | Mennen’s Shaving Cream is put up

both time and torture. You can shave in sanitary, air-tight tubes with handy

in half your usual shaving time and hexegon screw tops. Mere words can-

need no lotions or other ‘‘soothers’’ not describe its wonderful soothing

and suffer no painful after effects. qualities. To know, you must try it.

At all dealers—25 cents. Send 10 cents for a de-
monstrator tube, containing enough for 30 shaves.

HAROLD F. RITCHIE, 16 McCaul St., TORONTO.

LETTER FROM A WELL-KNOWN ALPINE
CLUB MEMBER AT THE FRONT

The following lelter from Lt.-Col. C. H.
Mitchell of Toronto, to Mr. Wheeler, will
be of interest to Alpine Club members, many
of whom will recall tramps of quite a different
character taken in Lt.-Col. Mitchell's company
at various mountain camps. Lt.-Col. Mitchell
has now the D.S.O. and the Officer's Cross of
the Legion of Honour.

“IT am writing this at my desk at Corps
H.Q. in a quiet little village miles behind
“the line’’—peaceful and rural and without
the signs of war except for the humming
of our aeroplanes overhead—as our aero-
drome is nearby. Buf I have just within
the hour come from the front line where

I have been with the Corps Commander

on a tour of inspection and of visits to various
works and Headquarters. It has been a
long afternoon though not far as walks go if
you measure them in Wheeler miles a la
Canadian Alpine Club. But a four hour
“go” hereabouts is a good afternoon’s exer-
cise. Talking of this I had a really long
tramp with him (Sir Julian) a few nights
ago—and this perhaps might interest you
(and my fellow members at the camp fire
more than talking of the recent battle—
as it was an aftermath.

““We wanted to see the condition of the front
trenches near a place well known to you in
the papers—has a name which makes you
think of church—and where we couldn't well
get in daylight on account of visibility.

“We left Corps H.Q. at 11 p.m. in a motor
and for an hour were driving to the City
threading our way slowly in the dark without
lights, on account of the crowded transport
at places at this their busy night hour. Once

inside the gates at midnight it was one of the-

most weird experiences of the war—I always
think it when there at night. The silhouettes
of broken walls and towers, chimneys and
shattered trees, the heaps of ruins and the
light and dark of pavement and cavernous
cellars all lent the war interest to the picture,

ee

526

aided by an occasional screaming shell over-
head.

“T cannot speak of a certain place where’

we went enroute whilst in the city to pick
up a young staff officer who was to make the
third of our party. Out there we went
across a picturesque old moat on a tiny foot
bridge from an improvised sally port through
the quaint old ramparts, then plunged across
fields and through hedges, through wire
entanglements which I hope we will never
want or use—along car-tracks, past ruined
farmsteads and before long to sandbagged
walls and parapets where we began to get
to the places which in daylight were in easy
rifle fire and much easier shrapnel range.
Then began the really interesting part of our
journey. We were into the shell wracked
area—the locality—one of many—where the
Germans on those fearful days, June 2nd
to 6th had made a perfect inferno of our
support trenches. They were not yet wholly
built up. Hundreds of men in groups of
from twenty to fifty worked like gnomes in
the half light silently and diligently at their
renewal and recovery, as we callit. To them
staff officers from Corps H.Q., even the C.C.

himself, all in steel helmets looked like any-

one else in that dark and dreary waste ol
shell holes and debris. Old trenchés, once
the home of our eager infantry waiting grimly
for the attack, were filled with earth and
timbers and corrugated iron.
uprooted and broken and the earth was

altogether like a gigantic ploughed field but —

many times exaggerated.

‘“Across this waste we trudged, keeping
ever toward the front marked by the brilliant
flares constantly being sent up rocket like
to fall in or in front of our lines—we were
working and didn’t use rockets, and we had

many patrols out in “‘no man’s land’ feeling _

for the enemy’s working. parties and his en-
tanglements.

Trees were |

The sensation of having a
brilliant magnesium flare light you and your

©

ON SHAS al icine: MAN ROW ye AR
LSE ae? Pc lili a ani ORR Lae ee

A

THE UNIVERSAL CA

New Prices August 1, 1916 }]

The following prices for Ford Cars will ay
be effective on and after August Ist, 1916 oe
x

Chassis . . . $4500
| Runabout . . 47500 4
- Touring Car . 49500 |
Coupelet . . 69500 |
Town Car . . 78000 |

Sedan. . . . 89000
f.o.b., Ford, Ontario

These prices are positively guaranteed against any reduction
; before August Ist, 1917, but there is no guarantee against;an
advance in price at any time.

Ford Motor Company of Canada
| | Limited a
| Ford, Ontario © |

Assembly and Service Branches at St. John. N. B.: Montreal. Que.: Toronto, Ont.: 4
London, Ont.: Winnipeg, Man.: Saskatoon, Sask.: Calgary, Alta.: Vancouver, B.C.

get, and until one gets used to it i:
business. However, the trick is not to move
_—but one always feels as if he wants to
crouch down.

“However, we got over this half mile of
broken shell-strewn ground to the front line
> at Wood all safely and went along the
trenches through the wood in the darkness
with the greatest of interest, the locality
where the gallant Princess Pats made their
historic fight and where our splendid fellow
member, Major Stanley Jones, did such
allant work with his men. It was now
ut a shattered mass of trenches, trees and
brush—worse than a timber fall in the moun-
tain valleys because the ground was im-
_ possible.

_“T mustn’t make a long story of this. The
night was getting on—it was 2 am. Day-
light was coming and unless we were to
_ stay there the day we must get out, the way
- we had come—so out we went. We then
got on to other routes leading past shattered!
arms and through the ruined village of Z.
and then again on up a certain Hill, this
time just as dawn was breaking—to a certain

A DAY’S FISHING

for the light turn it on, to find my
. alarm clock still lacks one half hour of
_ the time set for my awakening.

Hearing the bass were biting well in the
Lake, Mr. Hubbell and myself had decided
to try our luck at a day’s fishing.
Dashing the cold water over my face, I
_ dressed as quickly as possible in my old fishing
~ suit, and hurried down to Mr. Hubbell’s,
_ where he was already waiting for me.

_ Having decided on our trip rather late tne
day before, we had yet to catch our bait. A
short padale down Crowe river, which runs
near the village of Marmora, Ont., brought
us to a good sized weed bed where in a short
_ time we procured a good bucket of minnows.
- Upon- our return we were met by Mr.
_ Hubbell’s son, Lorne, with whose assistance
our fishing tackle, bait and lunch were taken
aere the dam where Mr. Hubbell keeps his

A awake with a quick start, and groping

Having tied this behind the motor boat
_ the twin cylinders were turned over and we
were off at a good twelve miles an hour.
_ ‘In thirty minutes’ time we arrived at
Stoney Island near the far end of the Lake.
___ Here we anchored the motor boat. ;
7 Getting our bait and fishing tackle in the
Skiff we rowed out to the big weed bed a short
_ distance from the Island. This is reputed
___ to be the best fisning spot in the Lake.
However the finny fellows did not seem to
be anxious for live minnows there that
morning so we decided to keep moving from

AT CROWE LAKE |

J. H. Gehan

and telescope of positions we wa

we got away through communication trene )
in the opposite direction, along other pa rts
of the front line—down rearwards to the ~
green fields again and presently out in the
open again under cover of the hills and back © His
past batteries and their crews still asleep
and finally after miles of tramp and seven
hours—almost enough to climb Mt. Edith fr
perhaps more than once—back to the City
through the gate. So there you are, ‘%
a night’s work at the front which some might* i
call play—but still it’s war and a grim and
serious business.” >

ae

Camp this year, we are advised, wasta_
pleasant though not a strenuous one in a
most attractive country. We hope to pub-
lish an account of same in an early issue. —

Paul A. W. Wallace is another A.C.C, —
member to enlist for overseas service and
left Canada, we understand, sometimefin
August. ;

4
place to place in hopes of running intoashoal
of bass. : 4

After half an hour of steady rowing trailing ‘
minnows, upon Mr. Hubbell’s suggestion, we
decided to try and find an old pier which was _
near another small island. After some
trouble we located it and anchored as quietly
as possible.

I dropped my minnow quietly over the
side. Down he went, only to rush frantically
toward the surface. That minnow was quick,
but Mr. Bass was quicker. A shiny gleam
and sudden whirl of water and the minnow
disappeared.

I gave out line steadily until about ten feet
were gone, when I set the hook hard. Reeling
up to within a few feet of the boat, he was
seen to be of the yellow species and was
brought around alongside the boat and the net
slipped under him. This was at seven o’clock —
in the rare When weighed next day
at ten o’clock he tipped the scales at four
pounds, fourteen ounces. ‘

Mr. Hubbell managed to land two nice
black bass weighing from three to four
pounds each. Lorne hooked two but lost
them both. We persuaded him to try a
smaller hook which he did and landed his next
bass. These were all the strikers we could
get so decided to go back to Stoney Island
and have breakfast.

Arriving at the Island I suggested anchor-
ing out about fifteen feet on the East side
ne the Island as I had some times caught bass _
there. d34

\ (Pea tee eh 84 Oe

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

y

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‘FUR COATS |

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combined with the hand-
some reverse border ef-
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made only 45 inches long
in sizes of bust 32 to 44,
Price delivered to you
$62.50.

212—-MUSKRAT
MUFF to match $10.00.

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To WEARER

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This year we confidently expect still larger sales since the people realize
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We have in stock a large and varied assortment of all the articles shown

M4

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RAW FURS—We are the larg-
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page Sportsmen’s Catalogue Free.

ADDRESS THE
AS Nn iam. LARGEST
FOLLOWS : = IN OUR
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736 HALLAM BUILDING, TORONTO CANADA

wed 4 Ne Lee 4 y
began to happen. I re
net when an exclamination from Lorne show
he also had one hooked. While scooping the
___ net under Mr. Hubbell’s bass, I heard my own
__reelspin. I threw off the catch letting the line
;

run free; then landed Mr. Hubbell’s and his
__ son’s fish.
ys: 4 The former’s fish took some time as he had
a good four pound black bass and he put up
some fight.
<2 I then took up my own pole to find nearly
all the line out. Suddenly the water broke
with a splash. Several yards from the boat
py and a beautiful bass leaped clear of the water.

_ He had hooked himself.

E He came in fighting every inch of the way.

_ When ten feet or so from the boat my reel
slipped and he shot into the air again. There
was a quick snap and the silk line parted.
He was gone carrying the hook and about
five feet of line. This was due, I afterwards
found, to a slight check in the line caused
____ from getting tangled in the click.
en However a new line was soon affixed and
_ the sport went on. We had fifteen nice bass
all weighing from three to four pounds when
he suddenly quit biting. Then we found in
___ the excitement we had forgotten breakfast.
_ A fire was lighted and in a short time bacon
and eggs, sandwiches and coffee were soon

disappearing.
a. A Bhart rest and then we anchored a little
farther around the island, but our luck
—

seemed to have deserted us. -

fea We had a few worms left. I discarded my
__ minnow and put on some worms. Inside of
three minutes I had landed a three pounder.
That decided us. I volunteered to take the

~~ ean of dew worms, which I pro

damp ground back of McGrath’s Hotel.

It would take too long to give a recital —
of every bass caught, but in two hours’ time
we had completed our count and hadtwenty-
four of as nice bass as man could wish to see.

A distant rumble then warned us of a
storm brewing. We had only time to take

shelter under an overhanging rock, when the \
rain came down in torrents. For two hours
it poured then suddenly cleared and the sun ‘4
shone. :

_ As it was getting on towards dark we de-
cided to do some trolling and see if we could
not complete our catch with a ‘lunge or two.

We tried one weed bed, with the result
that we hooked a nice ‘lunge only to lose it
when about fifteen feet from the boat.

Going around Popular Island I felt the
sudden jerk and twist that tells of the musky
hitting the troll. He came up nicely to the
boat a good seven pounder, a smart tap back
of his head with a club and his struggles
were over.

Mr. Hubbell and Lorne were very unfor-
tunate each hooking a lunge only to lose him
near the boat.

As it was now dark we had our supper by
the light of a huge bonfire, then we were
ready for home.

The trip back in the motor boat was restful
to our tired muscles. Needless to say my
sleep was heavy and dreamless that night.

We were well satisfied with our day’s sport
which was further enhanced next day by the 7
many congratulations and enthusiasm of all f
who saw our catch.

. Se cake :

It’s w’en summer time is over
ny An’ mos’ every leaf is gone,
__ _W’en there’s no more scent of clover,
ae An’ the nights is gittin’ long,
That my pa he gits all smilin’
vane An’ he wi’stles dreadful fine,
_ An’ you couldn’t git him rilin’
ies For a million dollar mine.

i ce _ Then pa, gits out his rifle,

aa An’ examines it to see

___ If ther’s jes’ the least’st trifle

Ret As it shouldn’t ought to be,
Then he shouts, ‘“‘Now fetch some cotton,
a An’ the ram-rod, an’ the ile!”’
Say! pa keeps us all a’trottin’

at In a huntin’ kin’ o’ style.

HUNTING SEASON 4

e ; Lillian Waters McMurtry

But the time I count mos’ jolly,

Is w’en pa brings home the deers,
Tho’ ma says “It’s melancholy!”

An’ she “Can’t help sheddin’ tears!”’
But us boys think ‘‘Pa’s the greatest!”

An’ we cheer him till we’re hoarse;
‘An’ now, this is jes the latest,

Ma, she jines with us, of course.

Then’s w’en ma, she speaks mos’ sadly,

As she says, “Oh do take care,
For I really feel so badly,

That I mos’ am dead with scare.” .
Then pa says, ““There aint no reason

W’y men’s wives should hev fears,
Jes’ becus it’s huntin’ season,

An’ the mens goes huntin’ deers.” >

Guess em’ guides mus’ eat mos’ steady,
-Countin’ by the load of things
Thet my pa hes to git ready,
Wile he w’isles, an’ he sings,
Last of all, pa gits his compass,
For to see if it goes right.
Gee! aint it a jolly rumpus’
Packin’ huntin’ things at night?

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

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The Publishers of Rod and Gun Magaz

‘~ 2 Readers are invited to contribute to this
department moles, comments

quiries concerning firearms and ammun-
ition. Communications must be brief

and en- 3

ine invite readers of the magazine to contri-

bute articles and letters te Mr. Geikie’s department on matters pertaining to guns and

ammunition, but do not necessarily endorse the opinions expressed therein by these
contributors.

ARMS THAT HELPED TO SHOVE THE
FRONTIER OFF THE MAP

(CONTINUED FROM LAST ISSUE)
By Ashley A. Haines

ND now the Ballard—particularly the
Ballard-Pacific. The Ballard rifle
was the invention of Mr. C. H. Ballard,

of Worcester, Massachusetts, and was patent-
ed November 5, 1861. I have an old copy of
this patent before me as I write.

Up to about 1873 the Ballard had been
made mostly, if not exclusively, for rim fire
cartridges. At about this date Mr. J. M.
Marlin, who had been manufacturing various
models of pistols, bought the patents, rights,
tools and machines belonging to the firm who
had previously manufactured the Ballard
rifles. Mr. Marlin, who was not at all
satisfied with the original models ‘of Ballard
arms, and his organization, devoted a full
years work to re-modelling the Ballard
throughout before starting the manufacture
of these arms for the market. This is an im-
portant point to bear mm mind, as many are of
the opinion that all Ballard rifles were manu-
-factured by the Marlin Fire Arms Company.
The truth is that the Marlin-made Ballards
were a very superior arm as compared to the
Ballards made previously to the ones made
by the Marlin people who may be truthfully
said to have brought them up to a point of
perfection rarely attained and very seldom,
if ever, surpassed.

While the Ballards (Marlin-made Ballards,
remember) were made in several models, and
for target as well as for hunting purposes,
and as target rifles became famous the world

a Se ’

over the ones that were used on the Frontier
are the ones that are of the greatest interest
in the present instance and the ones we will
consider chiefly the action first, then the
principal models.
The receiver to the Ballard rifles was longer
than receivers for most single shot rifles due
to the breech block being longer. The ham-
mer was hung in the block, and dropped down
out of the way for loading as the action was
opened, but when action was closed, the
breech block completely filled the receiver.
In this respect I liked the Ballard better than
the old 1874 Sharps with its rather unsightl
groove, or cartridge guide, as it was called,
in rear of block, and better than the large
caliber Winchester single shots in which the
cartridge-gutde was but partly filled, when
action was closed, by the hammer. Another

thing I liked about the old Ballards was the |

receiver being perpendicular at the breech
which suited me somewhat better when it
came to inserting a cartridge which, if slightly
over size, could more readily be partly forced
in to the chamber by the end of the thumb
than in the case of the ’74 model Sharps or the
Remington No. 3.

While it is generally admitted that the
Ballard, excellent as it was in many respects
was not the equal of the Sharps in extracting
power, or in solidity of its breech-locking
arrangement (though abundantly strong for
any cartridge adapted to it) it, as nearly as I

532 : ae

Se
——<—<—=———
.

Se ee

Dominion Trap
Loads Win Main Events

In Trap Shooting pefformance is a fair gauge of the
superiority of the shot shells used by the winners.
Here are a few of the scores made with Dominion
Shot Shells at the annual tournament of the Dom-
inion of Canada Game Protective and Trap Shoot-
ing Association at Cobourg, Ont., June 5, 6,7 and 8.

National Amateur Championship, won by H. D.
Bates, 99 x 100, shooting Dominion Imperial.

Grand Canadian Handicap, won by Mark Sprague,
94 x 100, shooting Dominion Sovereign.

High Average, H. D. Bates, tied for first, 288 x 300,
96%, shooting Dominion Imperial.

High Amateur for all targets, S. G. Vance, 568 x 600,
94 2-3%, Shooting Dominion Imperial.

Preliminary Day, S. G. Vance scored 96 x 100,
shooting Dominion Imperial.

Long Runs for Tournament, Ist, 2nd and 3rd, won
with Dominion Shells. H. D. Bates 118, E. G.
‘White 100, John S. Boa 98.

High Professional Average for the Tournament,
made by John S. Boa, 574 x 600, 95 1-2%, shooting
Dominion Canuck.

These are Canadian Wins made by Canadians with
Canadian Ammunition.

The big “D” on every box means a reliable trap load.

Dominion Cartridge Company, Limited
836 Transportation Building, Montreal

~ eae oe TRO Eee ee ee

can remember after nearly 30 years since
owning one, they excelled them all in one way.
The breech block moved in a manner to force
in a partly inserted shell much farther than
any other of the single shots we have been
considering as the last part of the Sora:
movement of the block was.to the front an
then upward to the locked position.

The hammer was withdrawn to half-cock
at the first ray movement of the breech
block and left at half-cock with the closing
of the lever. This was a safety precaution,
of course, it being, evidently, considered as
efficient for the purpose as the withdrawin
and locking back of the firing-pin as employe
in the Sharps.

The various target model Ballards, some
especially made for gallery work, others for
mid-range and still others weighing from 10
to 14 pounds for extremely long range target
shooting, won fully as many prizes in their
day as the best rifles then made, and many are
still being used for fine target work. They
were then and where now used, are still con-
sidered very accurate and reliable rifles, while
the Marlin people especially emphasize the
fact that all of their rifles now being made
have the famous Ballard system of rifling.

Referring to the Ballards used for hunting
in the West where they were equally valuable
for providing meat for the household and in
defending the fireside; one of the neatest
appearing sporting Ballards of which I have
any recollection was the Ballard No. 1%
which had a 30-inch round barrel, plain trig-
ger and rifle butt stock. This, as I remember
it, weighed somewhere from 8 to 9 pounds,
and while it may have been made in other
calibers, the only ones I remember it having
been made for were the .40-70 and .45-70
cartridges. This arm very much resembled
the No. 2 Ballard which many no doubt have
seen, except that the latter arm had octagon
barrel and was made for less powerful ammuni-
tion. I have but a dim recollection of the
Perfection Ballard. I think this was a hunt-
ing model made for the .32-40 and .38-55
cartridges and believe it resembled somewhat
the two Ballards previously mentioned. The
Union Hill Ballard was made both with plain
and with double-set triggers, the latter being
the one usually equipped with target sights
and from the first was famous as a target
arm; while the single-trigger Ballard was used
to a considerable- extent as a hunting arm.
One of my most cherished rifles was a Union
Hill Ballard of this type and I have never
ceased to regret the day I let it pass out of
my hands. Although only a .38-55 caliber
it had had a great reputation as a deer, bear
and elk rifle in the big game sections of
Wyoming. ;

But let’s forget about all the Bal
mentioned previously and consider the

lard that became especially famous in the

days when a rifle on the frontier was an ab-
solute necessity and when nothing but the
ones that would assay strictly mK grade
would be tolerated; and ‘his Ballard was the
Ballard Pacific No. 5. a |

If the reader’s recollections carry him back
to the days when the best, and most symmet-
rical in muzzle loading rifles, were those with
the ‘long, heavy octagon barrel, ram-rod un-
derneath, double-set triggers, short fore-arm
and with rifle butt stock, then I'll promise
a man that if this rifleman I have in mind
were asked to name the single shot rifle that
has appealed to him most away back there in
the latter ’70’s and all through the °80’s, he
will, without hesitating pronounce the two

words, “Ballard Pacific!’ And why? In the

first place, the man we have in mind had been
brought up on a muzzle-loader of the neatest
type, and why shouldn’t the Ballard Pacific,
which so closely resembled in outline the old
muzzle-loader appeal to him the most?
While the great majority of the readers pro-
bably have never had the privilege of seeing
a Ballard Pacific, at the same time I feel per-
fectly safe in stating that those who have will
be loud in its praise and agree with me that it
was very rifle-like in appearance, deadly in
execution and in every way entitled¥%to an
exalted position among the “Old Reliables’’.
Scrutinize the cut shown herewith, keeping
in mind that in addition to its symmetrical
form, the rifle was among the best for range
and accuracy, equal to any for reliability
and durability, and then tell me whether or
not I am too enthusiastic when suggesting that
it was entitled to a place well up to the hea
of the line—if not at the very head.2 © 4
This rifle was regularly made with heavy
octagon barrel, 30 and 32-inch and weighed
from 10 to 111% pounds. I have seen this
arm advertised in heavier weights but have
never seen any of them. I have also seen
advertised some of these rifles said to have
been chambered for some of the .44 caliber
Sharps and Remington cartridges of that day.
but whether, these were made by the Marlin
people, or were “freak guns” specially rigged
up for some ‘cranks’ I do not know. So far
as I know, however, the Ballard Pacific was
only made by the Marlin company in the
following calibers, the more powerful sizes
being the ones mostly in demand on the
Frontier: .38-55, .40-63, .40-85, .45-70 and
.45-100 Sharps (with 27¢ inch shell). And
now for something that will surprise 99 out
of 100 readers—also for the .44 Winchester
1873 cartridge! Tell us that this cartridge
wasn’t popular when they would make a 10-

BALLARD PACIFIC NO. 5 ae

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

7 Nes ay wi
af. , é
ey Moy ATRYN <2 4

, Get Your'Game!

JHEN your dogs (“start
W something,’ you want to
feel sure of your quarry.
Confidence in your powder is a
big factor in bagging your game.
The fact that generations of
shooters have shot Du Pont
Sporting Powders is your assur-
ance that they are the powders
for YOUR shotgun or rifle.

~_——

Make oe Shot Count

SHOOT POWDERS

The game-getting qualities of powder,—quick ignition, high
velocity, even pattern, penetration,—are incorporated in every
grain of these dependable sporting powders.

Make every shot count on your hunting trip. See that the shellbox
or canister reads ““DU PONT” when you buy loaded ammunition or
powder for hand-loading.

Du Pont Sporting Powders are loaded by the leading ammunition com-
_paniesjand sold by dealers everywhere.

For Booklets Descriptive of Du Pont Sporting Powders, Game Loads Recommended and
Instructions for Hand Loading, Write to the Sporting Powder.Division of

E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Company
‘i Powder Makers since 1802
WILMINGTON, DELAWARE.

OT aS

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536

Ww") ak 1 are a) | ae | +, ine oo
Ss WAT er en ir ae wat an
ee Maly aay f we gt ee

pound Ballard Pacific for it! The .40-63 and

the .40-85 were Ballard shells, the first some-
times being called .40-70 and the last .40-90.
All of the above except the .38-55 and 45.-70

were usually$loaded with paper patched
bullets.

(\.J§44 WINCHESTER

Now a few words concerning the cart-
ridges adapted to the Sharps and Remington
rifles which subject has been left until now
due to the fact that space can be saved by
discussing most of the ammunition used in the
single shot rifles we have been writing of at
the same time. While the Ballard .40-70

and the Sharps .40-70, straight shell and bottle
_ necked, were loaded to give practically the

same results, just as were the .40-90 Ballard
and .40-90 Sharps and Remingtons, bottle-
necked and straight shells, the reader will
keep in mind that these cartridges, of sizes
mentioned, differed. Sharp’s and Reming-

tons used practically all of the popular cart-

ridges known as ‘Sharps’ and ‘Remingtons’,
as well as the .45-70 and .50-70 Government

_ eartridges, but I am not positive that the

Ballard Pacific was ever made by the Marlin

‘company for any Sharps cartridge but the

-45-100 mentioned above. In the list that

follows, the first figures denote the caliber

(not always true to name, however) the

second the powder charge and the third the
weight of bullet: (This for the benefit of the

novice—nof for the expert) B. N. means
bottle-neck while S. S. means ‘Sharps
Straight’, or ‘Straight Shell.’

.40-50-285 B. N., 40-50-265 S. S., 40-70-370
B. N., 40-70-330 S. S. (patched and grooved
bullet), .40-90-370 S. S. and B. N., .43-77-395,
44-60-395 B. N., .44-77-470 B. N., .44-90-470

B. N., .44-90-to-105-520 B. N., .45-75-420
S. S., .45-70-405 and 500 Gov't., .45-100-500

S. S., .45-100-550 S. S., .45-120-550 S. S.

.50-70-450 Gov't and .50-90-473 S. S. The
.44-90 (second one mentioned) was loaded
with various charges of powder, as might be

ordered, ranging from 90 to 105 grains, the
.45-70 Gov't. with 405 or 500 grain bullet.
Some of the sizes given above were loaded
slightly different than indicated. For in-
stance, the .40-70’s were sometimes loaded
with 65 grains of powder while the .45-120-
550 was often spoken of as the .45-125-550.
All are familiar with the inside lubricated
grooved bullet, but many, no doubt, know
little of the paper patched bullet so generally
used in the single shot mfles on the frontier
30 to 40 years ago. Usually a card-board
wad was placed on the powder, then a disc
of lubricant, followed by another wad and
then the bullet, though some discarded the
second wad as unnecessary. This ammuni-
tion gave the most accurate results for hunt-
ing purposes though more care was necessary
in handling, lest the exposed patch become
detached from wearing against the hunter
when carried in the belt, or from becoming
wet in which event its removal might easily
follow and the accuracy of that cartridge be
greatly impaired.

Manufacture of the Sharps was discon-
tinued, I think, about 1880, the Rolling Block
Remington Sporting rifle No. 1 a little later,
I believe, (Remember that I am not absolutely
sure as to some of the dates I am now men-
tioning) the Ballard Pacific was not made
after 1883 while the Remington-Hepburn
died about 10 years ago. (Many of us would

sa
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GUN IN C

When We Have Game
In Plenty

a lots day is coming when we shall have

game in as great plenty in this country as
we did fifty yearsago—when quail, grouse,
ducks, wild turkeys, will be a common and appreciated sight on

the table and in the fields and woods.

Has it ever occured to you that you can hasten the arrival of
that day! You can—by means of game farming.

Game Farming is Pleasant and Profitable

To anyone who has a small amount
of land game farming will prove profit-
able and pleasant— profitable because
the demand for birds and eggs is
much greater’ than the supply and
good prices are paid—pleasant be-
Cause it is profitable and because you
not only supply your own table with
an abundance of good food butalsoin
many instances enjoy good sport
from the birds you raise.

Hercules Powder Company,
Wilmington, Delaware

Game Breeding Dept.,Room 284
HERCULES PO\' VDER. Co.
Wilmington, Delaware

Manufacturers of Explosives; Infallible and “‘E, C.’? Smokeless Shotgun Powders:
L. & R. Orange Extra Black Sporting Powder: Dynamite for Farming.

interested in game breeding from the stand: oint of.

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The more birds raised the better
hunting there will be. Already, in
some parts of the country, those
who own large acreage are being
paid by sportsmen for the game they
raise and liberate.

If you are interested in the subject
from .any standpoint write for our
booklet, “‘Game Farming for Profit
and Pleasure’’. It is well worth
reading. Sent free on request.
Please use the coupon below.

Game Breeding Department, Room 284

Gentlemen;—Please send me a copy of ‘‘Game Farming for Profit and Pleasure.’? I am

Keowee

"s hy vs et ea RR i +
TH ae Sgt) ape ar Nee eed | Aha idk
~~ ROD AND GUD

- itike to see it resurrected along with the
Ballard Pacific and a few others of the “Old
_. Reliables’’ which were used when game was
so plentiful that it was a real pleasure to hunt
it even if the rifles employed were of the
— — iheavy-weight class.)

az -

——

TER PATC

i . Wi taal) fg ‘bee a S's f

1* 4 cd § : est"
effectiveness of the .45-120-550 Sharp's. —
member the story in Rod and Gun several
years ago by Mr. Hillis where he accounted —
for three grizzlies, if I remember right, with
four or five shots? And the conditions were
not the best either. Did you ever read what.

eat

4s 2 From the list of cartridges given above, it
will at once be apparent to the crank of to-
____ day who sees nothing of value in anything in
___ the gun line shooting anything but the most
4 modern of high-power ammunition, that rifles
and reliable ones, remember, were to be had
back in frontier times shooting ammunition
well adapted for any game on the Continent.
_ The velocity was low as compared to the
present ammunition generally used for big
ame shooting and the trajectory was high;
but in some of the .40, 44, .45. and .50 cali-
_ bers the “smash” was there and if the hunter
placed the bullet properly the largest buffalo
, ull or the biggest grizzly was down and out
almost on the instant. So popular had all of
the above cartridges become that when the
excellent Winchester single shot rifle was
-___ placed on the market (about the middle ’80’s
as I remember it) this arm was made to han-
dle every one of them excepting the .43 calibre!
Just an incident or two concerning the

happened when W. H. Wright, author of
“The Grizzly Bear,”’ fired five shots at five
grizzlies three of them large ones, the other
two half grown cubs, one being about 40 ~~
yards away, another about 60 with the others _

at about 75? One shot per bear and the
game was ready for skinning—and these
five grizzlies fell before his .42-100 12-pound
Winchester single shot, a rifle by the way that
hardly figures among the Old Reliables of
frontier days due to its appearance rather
late on the scene. The same results, however,
would have followed had the gun used been a
Sharps, a Remington or Ballard Pacific using
the same cartridges, so it is not altogether in- Thy
appropriate to bring the Winchester single “i,
shot, which is still with us, though not now :
obtainable for the old cartridges, into the 1
discussion at this point where we will bid
adieu to all of the Old Reliable single shots
of Frontier days and take up the most popular
of the repeaters of that period.

TO BE CONCLUDED

See ae

|
Al

oat!

“I could not have got him

if | did not have a Ross .280”

This is what Mr. F. F. Hammond of 3 Miles
Plains, N.S., says in a letter telling how he obtain-
ed the fine head shown in the above photo: he
also adds:

“The guide told me it was 1000 yards,
but it was only 400. . He said I could not
have done better shooting if I had held the
rifle right up against the moose.”

The Ross .303 Sportirg Models, while not
quite as powerful as the .280, are best suited for
the man who is looking for a reliable and accurate
weapon, comparatively inexpensive. $25.00 and
up, whose ammunition is very easily obtainable.

For target shooting no small rifle excels the
Ross .22 Cadet. It is strongly and carefully built
and possesses surprising accuracy and power.
$12.00 at all the best*dealers.

ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE ON REQUEST. |

Ross Mivle Go.,

- Quebec, Canada.

8
WN the face of the appailing forest fire
Rat” tragedy in Northern Ontario, press and
= public are inquiring diligently as_to
the causes of forest fires, the methods of fire
leaped and are asking very frankly if the

he vincial Government can entirely shake
off responsibility for the heavy harvest of
_ death and cestruction.
‘The sacrifice of timber wealth, of entire
towns, of maturing crops, has been a severe
blow, particularly at a time when the guard-
ing and developing of national wealth are
accepted as keys to victory in the World
War, but the conscience of the public has
been far more deeply affected by the sacrifice
of unreplacable lives.
__ The time to block forest conflagrations
- is, paradoxically, before they commence.
- Well-organized forest protection systems in
_ British Columbia, Nova Scotia and sections
of Quebec, as well as in the United States
- and Europe, have demonstrated the com-
_ parative ease of preventing fires from start-
ing. After the fire is well under way, the
same carefully organized systems can usually
succeed in isolating the flames and greatly
educing the damage. Success in prevent-
ig and in fighting forest fires pre-supposes a
ondition of affairs to which the Ontario
Jepartment of Lands and Forests is yet a
tranger. Nothing but a radical overhaul-
is of the forest service of the province can
ive the people any assurance that 1917 will
ot witness a catastrophe even more violent.
In the first place, the forest service of
_ Ontario is built on a very old model. While
spending $300,000 a year on “protection”
_ not more than a portion of that sum is re-
_ pre ented in ‘‘value received.”

‘\

t

_ The patrol of areas such as the “Claybelt”’
‘makes no pretense at thoroughness; educa-
nal work in fire prevention has been very

t, and the flimsiest provision made

bec, British Col nbia and Nova Scotia em-
power their fire guardians to penalize a set-
- who starts a clearing fire without written
rmission from a qualified ranger. In dry
t spells fires of all kinds may be absolutely
rohibited in prescribed areas, and at all
mes, even of comparative safety, slash
s piled properly or fire lines cut around the

By Robson Black, Secretary, The Canadian Forestry
Association, Ottawa

540

wae
: Vo

clearing. Ontario takes no such _ precau-
tions, although representations to that effect
have been energetically made to the Govern-
ment year after year. ‘The settler is allowed
to burn precisely as carelessness or ignor-
ance may dictate and annual holocausts will
remain possible until that “‘liberty” is sensibly
curtailed.

The settlers going into Northern Ontario
have a perfect right to demand that their
lives and property shall be guarded by the
Government to the best of its power. The
recent fires doubtless helped to clear some
land for agriculture, but for every acre so
assisted, probably four or five acres of non-
agricultural tree-growing land were affected
disastrously. -Certainly the danger of future
fires has increased, as the areas of fire-killed
timber widen, so that in a year or two, a
mass of windfallen debris will present a per-
fect target for fresh conflagrations. If forest
protection was needed early in 1916, to pre-
vent the tragedy that has now occurred, it
will be needed vastly more to offset a re-
currence on a far worse scale in years to come.

If evidence were needed that the forest
protection system of Ontario requires a far-
reaching and determined overhauling, that
evidence will be found in a perusal of the
1915 report of the Ontario Department of
Lands, Forests, and Mines. Both by what
the report states and by what it neglects to
state, may be judged the wisdom of the Can-
adian Forestry Association’s efforts to cause
a re-organization of the Ontario ranger ser-
vice, and place forest guarding among the
creditable performances of the provincial
government.

Two or three facts stand forth clearly:
Neither the Ontario Government, the wood-
using industries, nor the general public have
more than a remote knowledge of the amnual
losses from forest fires. Only in patches of
the forested area, mostly along the railways,
is any consistent effort made to more than
note the number of fires. The character of
the timber destroyed, its acreage, etc., are

immeasurably the most important features —

and under the present system are not report-

ed on by the rangers and supervisors in any-

thing even approaching an adequate way.
Why This Difference?

The Ontario limit holders are paying for
their fire ranging considerably more than
twice as much per acre as the limit holders
included in the St. Maurice or Lower Ottawa
Protective Associations of Quebec, although
the protection afforded the latter is superior.

It is a well-established fact that railways,
taken as a whole, are no longer the main
source of timber losses throughout the Do-

minion. This is, to a very large extent, di- ©

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DEPT.5 - - WILMINGTON, DEL.

He 2
rectly due to the increased efficiency of th
railwey fire protective organization, work-
ing under the regulations of the Railway
Commission. These regulations impose
stringent requirements in the direction of
fire protective appliances on locomotives,
control of right-of-way clearing operations,
patrol of forest sections, action by all regular
railway employees in reporting and extin-
guishing fires, etc. As a result of all this,
both the number of fires caused by | co-
motives and employees and the amount of
property destroyed is decreasing rapidly.

Having regard to these facts, note the
representations of the Ontario Department
of Lands and Forests, which should be an
accurate and complete mirror of forest losses
and their causes during the year under con-
sideration, 1915.

Out of a total of 430 fires of all kinds, re-
ported to the Department by its own patrol-
men and rangers in 1915, 317 fires were re-
ported by rangers patrolling just two railways
—both government-owned and operated—
the Transcontinental and the T. and N. O.

The Private Owned Lines.

What about the record of the four @ther
railways—non-Government-owned—in n-
- tario? The patrolmen on these lines are
appointed direct by the companies, subject
to the regulations of the Board of Railway
Commissioners of Canada. A total of 110
fires was ascribed to the railway zone of
the C.P.R., C.N.R., G.T.R. and. Algoma
Central, but only 59 of these were of ““known
railway causes,” doing a total damage of
$4,156.25.

With our attention focused upon the fore-
going piece of information, that on the four
company-owned railways in Ontario fires
from ‘‘known railway causes’ accounted
for damage amounting to $4,156.25, and
being anxious to learn the origin of the really
serious timber losses sufficient by Ontario
in an average year, we peruse the depart-
ment’s declaration that 57 per cent. of all
fires in Ontario forest lands in 1915 were re-
ported by rangers patrolling the Government-
owned railway lines.

The year 1915 was, of course, a period
of comparatively small damage by forest
fires. Then what of 1914, a had fire year?
The Ontario Department of Lands and For-
ests declared that 95 per cent. of all fires
known to the Department were reported
by rangers patrolling railway lines, though
only 30 of these caused damage to timber.

A False Impression.

The impression given to the reader by
these annual reports is wholly inaccurate.
He would assume, naturally, that the rail-
ways were indulging in a carnival of de-
struction, whereas, by the Department’s
own figures, the “known railway fires” of
four of the six railways, did a little over
$4,000 damage to Ontario forest growth in
1915.

Resolving into the plainest possible form
all the information received in 1915 in regard
to Ontario’s forest guarding we learn that:
One hundred and twenty-nine men, em-
ployed by the province to patrol the Trans-
continental and the Temiskaming and North-
ern Ontario railways reported 317 fires, while

os tA

d a SnWhe aan 4
Central reported through the twelve ge

‘~ Gl ae ae

ment inspectors 110 fires. 7

One hundred and sixty-six men on On-

tario’s forest reserves reported 52 fires.

One hundred and seven men on unlicensed
Crown lands reported 61 fires. 7S

Two hundred and eighty-six men rangin
the Crown lands under license reported
fires, “37 doing no damage.”

On the face of this showing, 559 rangers,
working in districts back from the railways
managed to report about half as many fires
as 129 rangers working along two public-
owned railway lines.

These figures, undoubtedly, are not capable
of disclosing more than a confused fraction
of the actual story.

Who will credit for a moment that®95
per cent. of the forest fires in Ontario in 1914
originated within the railway zones? or that
286 men diligently patrolling 10,000,000 acres
in 1915 could discover only 19 fires causing
damage? or that 107 men can give even the
shadow of real protection to 50,000,000 acres
of unlicensed Crown Lands containing more
or less merchantable timber?

Few Explanations.

How, then, are these puzzling pieces of
information to be accepted?

One obvious explanation of the high per-
centage of timber losses ascribed to the rail-
way zones is that railway patrol is intensive
and fairly well supervised. On the Trans-
continental and Temiskaming and Northern

Ontario lines (Government owned) the rangers

are paid by the province and are hence under
closer control.

The meagre information concerning losses
on unlicensed lands is the reasonable product
of a small staff of rangers, plus poor super-
vision. }

The failure of the\Government statistics
from licensed lands to ‘uncover more than a
small part of the annual fire record proceeds
from the fact that rangers on the berths are
not paid by the province but by the licensees
and therefore not subject to the same degree
of control. In addition, the supervision oi
these men is such as, applied to a modern
manufacturing plant, would breed laxness
and waste at every turn.

Perhaps the most important of all explana-
tions is that Ontario is the only province
owning a large area of Crown Lands which
does not require all rangers to submit in-
dividual reports of each fire on special forms.
The Department depends upon the vague,
happy-go-lucky and incomplete entries in
the rangers’ diaries which are not turned
in until the end of the season. The rangers’
diaries pay little attention to the really im-
portant inrormation connected with forest
fires—the extent and character of destroyed
areas. This system may give the Depart-
ment some knowledge of the numbers of tim-
ber fires, but is an entirely unreliable index
of the annual loss.

The Timber Berths.

The reader will not require more argu-
ment than a reproduction of, the Depart-
ment’s own statements to recognize a very
pronounced lack of business efficiency on the
timber lands under license. Fight super-

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ag Pista : :
_pisors only were made responsible for the in-
4 -spection of 286 men. The meagreness_ of
NY this managing force is a bid for poor discipline.
Ontario has about 10,000,000 acres under
___ license by lumber and pulp companies. The
cost of patrol and fire fighting is borne en-
- tirely by the licensees. The salaries of the
eight supervisors appointed by the Govern-
- ment, are also paid ultimately by the licensees.
This 10,000,000 acres represents, obviously,
the most accessible and valuable timber re-
maining to the province. Yet in providing
protection against fire, the Government, as

trustee, requires the eight supervisors to
assume the direction of an average of 36
men each. The Ontario Government in
the Missisauga Forest Reserve gives four
e supervising officers to 40 rangers and this

ratio of one officer to ten men is the least
that can be done without throwing efficiency
to the winds. Eight supervisors cannot

get the niaximum service from 286 men
-_ over such an immense territory as 10,000,000
By," acres, and the best proof of this statement
<M is the annual report of the Department of
Lands and Forests.

hen Is 300,000 Adequate?

- Qntario spends over $300,000 annually
for forest patrol, including expenditures by
__ the- province and by limit-holders. Is this
_. adequate?
The inadequacy is not in the amount ex-
pended, but in the thing it buys. Money
can be wasted with as much facility in a for-
est asin atown. Ontario is not getting, by
any means, all that it is paying for in the
way of forest fire protection.
_ + ‘The best protected forest area in Eastern
Canada is probably the 24,000 square miles
... im Quebec under the care of the St. Maurice
and the Lower Ottawa Forest Protective
Associations.

ea

ee en

These were organized by limit

excellent, and justify a much heavier ex-
_ penditure for a correspondingly more com-
plete fire protection service. With the ex-
penditure per acre incurred in Ontario, prac-
tically complete protection from fire can
_ be secured. :

At a quarter of a cent per acre, the entire
~ 10,000,000 acres said to be under license in
Ontario could be patrolled for $25,000 and
___ patrolled about as thoroughly as the lands of
the private associations in Quebec. The
- Ontario licensees now pay $70,000 annually
_ for a protective service that, frankly speaking,
is not in the same class. The Quebec asso-
-_ ciations are far from full-grown, but they

avoid at least the costly over-lapping in-
cident to the “every man for himself” plan
_ to which the Ontario licensees are bound.
- Some of the Ontario licensees pay as_ high
as $5 per square mile for fire patrol per
year. The highest assessment yet made
against the members of the St. Maurice
_- Forest Protective Association in Quebec is
$1.92 per square mile, but that low rate is

: SPY, a t.
; Sa ENS aah: 2
obtained by unification

i) Sea
’ 4, he
of ranger control,
the mapping of patrol districts on econo mica nae
and proper lines, and improved methods
of communication and transportation, through By
the construction of trails, telephone lines
and lookout stations. In Ontario, however,
every licensee shifts for himself. Co-ordina-
tion of patrol service is practically unknown,
and the limit holder pays dearly for a small
degree of protection, or sometimes fails to
get it at all on account of the fire ranger
being used primarily for other work. Ap-
parently only in the parks and in some of the
reserves has even a small beginning been
made in the construction of trails, telephone
lines and lookout stations. And yet this
mechanical foundation is absolutely essential
to any well-organized forest fire protection
service. Surely the interests of the wood-
using industries of present and future demand
that the Ontario Government organize the
licensed lands for patrol purposes. It does
not seem an exaggeration to predict that
if such action were taken, the amount of pro-
tection to the best timber in the province
would be quadrupled, without. a penny of
additional cost to either licensee or taxpayer.
On Unlicensed Lands.
The situation on unlicensed lands is far
worse than on licensed lands. The Do-
minion Forestry Branch estimates that On-
tario has 70 million acres of land, containing
more or less ‘merchantable timber, in addi-
tion to a very large area which is relatively
non-productive on account of muskeg, re-
peated fires, climatic conditions, etc. Of
this probably about 20 million acres are in-
cluded in forest reserves, parks and timber
limits, leaving something like 50 million
acres of unlicensed Crown timber land not
included in parks and reserves, and exclusive
of non-productive areas such as muskegs,
lakes, areas repeatedly burned, and lands
too far north to produce timber of commercial
value. On this vast area, there is a very
large amount of merchantable timber, largely
pulpwood, which has not been placed under
license on account of relative inaccessibility
to transportation or for other reasons. En-
ormous quantities of timber have been des-
troyed by fire, and great areas have been
rendered unproductive by the great con-
flagrations which have vent over them
time after time.
Each year, lands under license are sur-
rendered by the limit-holders, usually be-
cause the timber has been cut out. In other
cases, the area under license is reduced be-
cause of failure of the limit-holder to pay
ground rent or stumpage dues. To a certain
extent, these losses are made up by the issu-
ance of licenses covering new areas. How-
ever, for years past, there has been a steady
decrease in the total area of Crown lands
held under license. The reports of the De-
partment of Lands, Forests and Mines show,
for instance, that in 1912 there was a net
decrease of 996 square miles from the total
area under license in 1911. The reduction
in 1913 was 891 square miles and in 1914,
184 square miles. In 1915, the reduction was —
1621 square miles. / hie
The rapidity with which cut-over la
in Ontario are being surrendered to

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546 ©

Crown is shown by the statement of the
Department that 307 square miles were
surrendered, as cut out, in 1912. In 1913,
1914 and 1915, the areas so surrendered
were 257, 1,111 and 602 square miles re-
spectively. New licenses were issued in
1913, 1914 and 1915 covering 100, 500 and
312 square miles respectively.

A Losing Deal.

It is perfectly obvious that unless the
burned-over and cut-over lands, including
those surrendered by license holders, are
allowed to restock naturally, so that they
can in the-course of time be cut over again,
the lands fit for cutting and of reasonable
accessibility will ultimately become exhaust-
ed or approximately so. When the pinch
begins to be felt, to the extent that new
areas of merchantable timber, of suitable
accessibility to transportation, can not be
located for the issuance of new licenses,
there will be an increasing tendency toward
the reduction of the forest revenue of the
province. During the past ten years, these
revenues, which go into the provincial treas-
ury and relieve direct taxation to that extent,
have averaged between a million and a half
and two million dollars annually. During
1903, 1904 and 1905, due to the extensive
sale of new timber limits, they ran well over
two million dollars annually. Since Con-
federation, in 1867, and up to October 31,
1915, the total revenue which the provincial
treasury received from Crown timber has
been upwards of $52,850,000, an average
for 48 years of more than $1,100,000 annually.

In order to hold up provincial timber
revenues, it is essential that new areas of
timber suitable for cutting be constantly
available, to.replace.areas surrendered as
cut out. To safeguard this situation, it is
absolutely essential that there be an adequate
system of fire protection on unlicensed Crown
Lands as well as on those under license. Any
other policy will mean an ultimate decrease
in the provincial timber revenues, as well as
shortage of supplies for the many hundreds

as OR ai i.
ROD AND GUN IN CANADA fs

tary

of wood-using industries in the province.

Yet, notwithstanding the above, we find,
according to the report of the Department
for 1915, that only 107 fire rangers (paid
by the province) were assigned to the protec-
tion of the 50 million acres of unlicensed
and unreserved Crown Lands containing mer-
chantable timber, as compared with 286
men (paid by the licensees) for the pro-
tection of the 10 million acres of land under
license. That it is impossible for this rela-
tively small body of men to afford even partial
protection on more than a small percentage
of such a vast area goes without saying.

Thorough-going Action.

The situation in Ontario calls urgently
for a complete re-organization of the whole
fire-ranging system along modern and up-
to-date lines, with adequate attention to
the protection of unlicensed Crown lands
as well as forest reserves and parks and lands
under license. The Department of Lands
and Forests of Ontario is entitled to the
credit of having been the first governmental
agency in Canada to recognize the necessity
for an organized system of forest fire pro-
tection. In 1885, a beginning was made
in the organization of a fire-ranging service
on licensed lands, and in succeeding years
this organization has been developed and
extended. However, on the whole, the or-
ganization has not kept pace with modern
developments in some of the other sections
of Canada or in the United States. The
lack is very largely one of organization and
supervision, both in the head office and in
the field. The amount of money now being
expended is sufficient, if handled according
to modern business standards of organiza-
tion, to providé a very much better degree
of fire protection than is now secured. H.
R. MacMillan, Chief Forester of British
Columbia, has stated that more money is
wasted in fire protection to-day than is used
economically, because of lack of field super-
vision. The fire protection situation in On-
tario is an illustration of this undeniable fact.

CAMP MAGIC

Dr. Edward Booth

see him with veneer removed, artifi-

ciality minus, subtlety forgotten, calcu-
lation thrown aside, pose rendered impossible
—you must camp with him.
It is night; the flickering lights and shadows
of the camp-fire throw fantastic figures on the
white canvas tent standing out against the
growing velvet blackness of woods; the canoe
isthauled up on the beach, one end of it
dimly visible in the firelight: a gun stands
against a tree; before the fire the dog, with
nose on paws, lies dreaming dog dreams of
chases past and to come; a smell of coffee
boiling and bacon frizzling is in the air; all
about are the soft, elusive night sounds, the
wandering breeze stirring the tree-tops, the

oR know a man for what he really is, to

night birds flitting about or calling deep in the
woods. A fish flops in the shallows near the
shore, a loon calls mournfully far out on the
lake, a prowling animal inspects the camp
with curious eyes from the silent, safe black-
ness; a great hush, solemn, awesome, is over
all. Even the campers speak in hushed
voices.
Hours pass; the fire has died and the white
tent, a ghostly thing, now reflects the soft
beams of a newly-risen moon, stealing in
through the trees. The wind still stirs the
branches restlessly; the night creatures run
noiselessly about, wondering at this strange
new establishment set up in their preserves;
the campers in their blankets sleep the sound
sleep of tired men. Everywhere is peace,
we

ae
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peas 44

|
.

a , 9 EVES SNINEA NTUIN FAN RS REN LETS

BIG GAME '’ CANADA

With forests and lakes covering 133,500,000 acres, Quebec
province is an immense preserve for moose, caribou and
deer. Make the Chateau Frontenac your headquarters and
outfitting point. Fine hunting also in the forests of New
Brunswick. For information apply to A. O. Seymour,
General Tourist Agent, Canadian Pacific Railway,
Montreal, Que.

Canadian Northern All The Way

FROM THE LAURENTIANS TO THE ROCKIES

Serving Canada’s National Playgrounds

including
Grand Discharge of the Saguenay; Laurentide National
Park; Algonquin National Park; Muskoka Lakes;
Georgian Bay Hinterland; Nipigon Forest Reserve;
Quetico National Park; Vermiilion Lakes; Jasper
National Park; and Mount Robson National Park.

ALL MODERN EQUI

PMENT - SUMMER TOURIST FARES

For Literature and information, apply to General Passenger Department, 68
King St. E., Toronto, Ont.; 226 St. James St., Montreal, Que.; or Union

| Station, Winnipeg, Man. |

j he cL de a
the enchantment of wo
- nd 4

¥

, ae
.

_&-To put a fellow in the midst of that sort of |
influence, night after night for a month, is to
so draw forth into the light the real man, that
he who runs may read. There is a witchery,
a magic, in camp living, that is in small
parties, which, in its humanizing influence,
its breeding of genuineness, baffles destruc-
tion. Subtlety and deception in man are
b preely the product of city living. Put back
-—_ into close touch with nature he drops these off,
o insignificant, in the presence of the majestic,
__ genuine, all-prevading influences of wood and
_ stream. That this is so, is the proven ex-
perience of all students of men who have
investigated.

What is true of man in this respect is
doubly so of boys. ‘‘Camp” is a magic word
to a boy, a talisman bringing to his mind tales

— 2
I

more wonderful, dreams and ambitions more
7 _ rosy than any other single thing you can name.

__ Andicamp is_one of the few things he will meet
RD

pas
Pr!

A SCOT AND A

Y friend, the assessor of Athabasca, is
one of those Scotsmen who holds tight
It follows, of course, that

Be: rifles that adorn the walls of his cottage in
__thefbush has a moral attached to it.

“I place them there’, he says, “in the
__ presence of my family (young in years and
seven in number) that they may grow up
familiar with the gun. I want them to

- mature with a kindly feeling toward the
__weapon, for I look upon the gun as part of my
education. Those guns you see on the wall
give me a sense of protection, coolness, cour-
faze, and initiative that nothing else could.
Hence the children, girls included, will grow
__ up without the sense of fear when they see or
handle one.”

- *Gordon has another characteristic in re-
gard to guns, He talks of them, from an old
____blunderbuss to a modern Ross, as if they were
-_ endowed with intelligence. They have all a
history, too. One is named the Bull Moose
Terror, on account of it holding his record
for wounding and killing. It has in its time

_ brought down an army of wild animals,
_ though a veritable King of the Forest sur-
_ rendered to an attack after the most gallant
manifestation of brute sense that he has
seen. It dodged him for hours. It broke his
trail, it rested in a hiding place to recover
_ fromiloss of blood, leapt into a ravine where
the muzzle of the rifle could not cover him,
_ darted out for water to quench his fever, and
again thwarted Gordon and his gun. At
length the bull, like a human being, feeling
‘3 after a lapse of time the vigil against his
“!
<

4

A. M.

: Who ever heard of a
camp? Cross indeed must

desperate the conditions, that can rem
from camp the charm with which the very
word is pregnant. Legion are the faces that
smile, the eyes that
pleasure at the first hint of such an outing.

A study of the inner value of camping for
boys, is bound to convince one that as a means
to secure the strongest sort of “‘grip’’, to es-
tablish conditions the most favorable for the
wielding of the influences every boys’ man
aims to use, the camp offers the very greatest
possibilities. In the penetrating, normalizing
atmosphere of the open places, boys can most
readily be lead into line with the qualities of
decent, unselfish comradeship, quick, pur-
poseful self-discipline, mental and physical
efficiency, through the wondrous working of
Camp Magic!

JUMPING DEER

Nicol

movements had been suspended, took to the
open forest, only to find my lord, the sports-
man, dourly waiting to land him some cold
lead in his brain. When therefore, Gordon
takes down the gun that did the deed you have
to listen to the story of the death of that
Forest King. ?

Sportsmen fev. ivoward their weapons as a
railroad engineman feels about his engine.
He talks to his weapons, thinks of them,
dreams of them. At any rate while relating to
me the story of his latest exploit—the chase
and capture of a jumping deer in the wilds of
Long Lake, Alberta—Gordon’s language
showed how easy it is for one to humanize the
material.

Accompanied by the President of the
Board of Trade (J. P. Evans) they had been

nosing about the windfalls and muskeg of ©

the lake. Calling down the location as unfit
for the foot of a Hottentot, and various other
expletives in which the Scot excels, they were
suddenly interrupted in the thread of their
discussion by a flutter among the pine jacks.
They pressed their lips, looked as stern as a
hangman at each other, lifted their feet over a
tamarack log as if they were feather made and
waited.

The head of a jumping deer appeared 300
yards direct ahead. Gordon cocked. He
raised his Winchester. He whispered, “Keep
cool, now. Play fair. Don’t be impatient.
We have got him; poor fellow, he will soon
have indigestion. Shall I let go, Evans?”

No. It was decided that Mr. President
should pull first. He had a leveller vantage.
So he fired, but Mr.:J. D.—I mean the forest
J. D.—disappeared.

The Scot then spoke, “You have hit him,
I think, but not in the deadly spot. Let me
try my old chum. Now, then, Mr. Win-

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“OUT -OF-DOOR”

IN QUEBEC

AND THE

MARITIME
PROVINCES

Fishing
Hunting
Boating Yachting

Canoe Trips
Golf

WRITE FOR FREE COPY
GENERAL PASSENGER DEPARTMENT

| CANADIAN GOVERNMENT RYS.

MONCTON, N.B., CANADA

Who will also furnish information with regard
to the new line

QUEBEC TO WINNIPEG

which offers splendid opportunities for fishing, hunting, and
2) Canoe trips in the virgin wilds.

occ

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? i “chester your owner en’ t had so meh asa h

nip of Sweet Precaution. He has a steady
eye, and sees every icicle within a mile.
Dinna be cocksure, but be sure you raise
your nozzle to the best target. By St. George
there he aga pi at the rate of a prairie
express. Ah, you will no get far. Now, Mr.
W., pull. Yes, by the same saint, they have
gone into his ribs.”

But Mr. J. D. had not called up his reserve
strength. If he could not show fight, he
could run, and he ran and ran while the Scot

and the little Welshman (J. P.) chased after
their prey as if he were the Kaiser caught by a
couple of Canadian soldiers in a trap.

Before that race was finished more speeches
were addressed to the Winchester. “With a
steady hand Mr. Gun, bring him to the
ground. The barrel has the goods, and the
trigger will act as the despatch department.”
Gordon again lifted his gun. This time the

_ deer, already struck in six places, felt that his
i; rambling days were numbered. Struggling
to the top of a windfall, the deer showed his

WHLNVTAHILY

MII)
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- ALONG THE

TTT

P.

HERE are, no doubt, a a great many peo-
ple who have had more and _ varied
experience in this historic, romantic,
enjoyable (and I might add, profitable) call-

ing, than myself.

Iam not posing as an old-timer, one very
good reason being that I have not lived long
enough, even if I had devoted my entire
time to the art. But perhaps I have learned
«some things about it that a few of the be-

_ ginners have missed at any rate, and there-

by may be of some service to them.

; Too many people, it seems to me, are
_____ clipping into this occupation in a half-hearted
Rn way., To be sure, if all these ‘half-dozen-
ge trap’ trappers were to sail full-blast into
the game the inevitable result would be
the extermination of the fur-bearers, while
the number of hungry trappers would have
a noticeable increase, which would be far
from the desired consummation of affairs.

Oh no! far better that they remain as
they are, but, if there were fewer of the “‘half-
dozen” men, while those who were following
the game, followed it strong, it might, per-
_ haps, bring it up to the standard it enjoyed in

the old days.

However, this is neither here nor there.

_ The “half-dozen” men (and boys) are with

us, and it is up to all of us to make the best

of matters and enjoy the sport while it lasts.
one sport it certainly is!

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pride, emaltengene the invaders ot Jo t heir
worst. Bb Sy

Which they did, of may Gordon was:
mightily impressed. od he said,
like that pose. That is She attitude ofa ‘King.
There is no cowardly drop of blood in the
Deer. He will out-manoeuvre you, if he can.
But when driven to the wall, he will die like
a Britisher. I am sorry to dethrone him, but ~
Mr. Gun it is your part to play the game.
Steady, the deer holds his head higher.
Do you see how he is turning it toward us?
Gosh, but that is grand. Look, mon, he has
wheeled face to face with us. ‘Well, well, if
you will challenge us, take that.”

Bang. The deer reeled. But as if to show
his contempt for the Scot and the Welsh he
made one big leap into the peavine, where
with a groan and a. sigh he laid down the
sceptre of his power; a truly noble death. So
thinks Gordon, who further declares that
when a deer enters the battle he is prepared
to die, and knows it.

“ni ge
TRAP LINE .

I FOUND IT

The mink, it seems to me, enjoys the dis-
tinction of being the most widely discussed
of all the fur-bearers, among the amateurs at
least. Now, mind you, I am not going to
get up and ‘declare ‘he is not worthy of his
fame, but I do think he is slightly over-
estimated.

No doubt the very fact of his popularity
among trappers, especially in the farming
sections (due to the good price his pelt brings)
has had a great deal to do with his education.
This, together with his natural caution and
shr.wdness has made hima hard animal to ©
convince that it is a pleasure to get his toes
pinched.

I have trapped them in localities where
they have had but slight acquaintance with
man and his ways, however, and have found
them quite easy to take. Even in the thickly
populated sections they will take bait readily,
which is a tremendous advantage to the
trapper.

Perhaps a word on the question of bait
not come in amiss just here. en
conditions are favourable, blind trapping is
certainly the best methoa, but there are times
when bait is a help, if not an absolute neces-
sity in making a capture. 49

When making a set with bait, most be-
ginners make the mistake of making it too
conspicuous and giving it an unnatural
pearance. Strict avoidance of aa hings |

vys
ed

=—se ——

rr ae

Highlands of Ontario,

The Home of the Red |

a

Canada

Alo
‘ ae
| Deer and the Moose || —
a
Open DEER—November list to November 15th inclusive. i 4
Seasons ‘{00SE—November Ist to November 15th inclusive. In some of the North- be
ern Districts of Ontario, including Temagami, the open season is from a
November Ist to November 30th inclusive. Pha.
om
Write for copy of “‘Playgrounds—The Haunts of Fish and Game,”’ el
giving Game Laws, Hunting Regulations, etc., to a
J. Quinlan, C. E. Horning, a

Bonaventure Station, Union Station,

| Montreal, Quebec. Toronto, Ontario | a

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unnatural in tf
of course the s

weary

ys Wet, ah ehpier Py A oT, ere y SRA pai. ed , (yt) Var
Bear Us ) 0) wavinnord joey + MN

eneral s

toward making a good set. aval

This is sometimes far from being an easy
matter, to be sure, but it always pays to take
pains with your work, as one good set is
worth a score of poor ones.

Mink are always on the lookout for dead
or stranded fish; therefore a fish pushed
under a root or in a hole in the bank is not
apt to arouse their suspicion, providing the
fish has not been handled excessively and
has been placed in the hole with the aid
of a stick, so as to leave as little human oder
as possible in the vicinity of the set. ‘Then
if your trap be well concealed under a few
inches of water, in what should be the only,
or at least the most likely point of access,
you have a very good set. When possible
the trap is better staked out in the water,
or attached to that ingenious contrivance,
the “‘sliding-pole,”’ (which answers the same
purpose, only more thoroughly) as the water
is a mink’s first refuge when caught. The
weight of a Number One and a half is sure
to pull him down.

Opinion seems to be divided as to which
is pe harder animal to trap, the fox or the
wolf.

I am inclined to think the benefit of tne
doubt ought to be given the wolf. ‘This honor
is not altogether earned by a superior degree
of intelligence, I argue, but to his extreme
caution. ‘The fox is really the more cunning,
or rather intelligent of the two, but his curi-
osity sometimes gets him into trouble. He
is apt to get over-confident and ‘‘monkey”’
around too close to the trap, knowing full
well it is there, whereas a wolf would go
half a mile around and take no chances.
Horse-sense, as it were; he has not the same
confidence in his ability to out-wit the trapper,
and sometimes benefits by it.

It sometimes seems to me that a fox can
actually use reason, although animals are
not generally credited with this power. I
have known them to do things that could
not be done without reasoning; things that
could not happen by mere “‘blind luck.”

I discovered, by accident, one time, what
might be a good set for fox. I say might
for I have never given it an actual trial
although I am sure it would work. We
killed a ’coon one night, while on a night-
hunting expedition, and, to save carrying
it around, skinned it on the spot, leaving the
carcass lying on a stump.

Passing that way a few days later, I saw
where a fox had been trying for the tempting
meal of ’coon meat. He had simply made
that knoll and net-work of tracks, and had
jumped onto all the adjacent stumps, in
an effort to get the prize without going too
near the stump itself. Some of these stumps
were rotten in the centre and would have
made an ideal place to set a trap.

Now, I think if a trap were set in one of
these rotten-centred stumps, say a week
before hand, to give it time to get the human

. odor off it, and then a large bait like the

one mentioned placed on a nearby one,
it would fool Mr. Reynard. I would like
very much to try it out some time and see
how it would work. The fact that the fox

t itself are the first steps

Al ion, althoug tiona
ik s not I 1 th east suspic
any o the other stumps makes me t
would be a success. I think however, th

having the trap set some time in advan
would be an important detail, care being
taken, to use material for covering, etc.,
that would not easily get out of order, and
necessiate a rearrangement at the time of plac-
ing bait, as, of course, this would mean ap-
proaching the set again.

When an animal has proved very hard to
take and seems able to figure out and avoid
your most careful set, an entire change in
your method will sometimes catch him off
his guard. I remember an ermine, (white
weasel) that it seemed I could not out-wit.
Now, as a rule they are a very easy animal
to catch, for although the most wide-awake
of any animal, they seem to have very little
fear of a man, not seeming to realize how
dangerous he is. Of course they will get
out of his way when they meet him in per-
son, but do not pay the same respect to the
places he frequents, as other animals do.

Perhaps I was to blame for the trouble the ©
one in question caused me, if, indeed, one
can call a battle of wits on the trap-line an ©
annoyance. I had been baiting for skunk ~
in the vicinity of a good den, and thus get-—
ting them one at a time and not frightening
them all away by taking them at the den, for
they can be frightened away in this manner,
no matter what has been said to the contrary.

Sets for skunk do not have to be favoured
with any very particular pains, so the weasel
was having it easy at first. I changed the
set several times and, naturally took more
pains each time. Mr. Weasel, coming to
the more difficult proposition by easy stages, _
was getting a cheap and most thorough
education.

Up to this time my method had been,
something like the one I mentioned for mink
earlier in this article, placing the bait in a
noticeable position and setting the trap
in the most likely point of access. The
weasel had, on the last occasion, (before the
fatal one) excavated a passage down the side
of the bank from above and secured the bait.
He seemed to know exactly where the trap
was, and avoided it most cautiously, never
going nearer than a foot from it.

Now, however, I changed my entire plan
of campaign. I built a bait house of stakes
and stones and blocked every chink save
the one to be occupied by the trap, so that
it was the only possible way in. When I got
through everything looked about as un-
natural as it possibly could. One could tell
there was a trap there at a glance, yet the ~
weasel went right in over the trap and got
nipped. a

Yes, he was there in the morning, and it
seems only reasonable to suppose it was the
same one that had been coming for so long,
and siving such a displayof animal intelligence.
I had a mink do tne same thing a waile after.
It just seemed he was determined to have
the bait, and when he could get it in no other
way, he threw caution to the winds and went -
right over the trap. He was there in the
morning, too. ;

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‘

Who Said He

O you know,” said a_ stranger, evi-
D dently from appearance a_ seafaring
man, to a party of “regulars” wait-
ing at the station for an early morning train
to the duck blinds, “‘do you boys know that
the killing of water fowl you gunners do and
about which so much newspaper talk is made,
is really nothing compared to what used to
take place in the far North, about the Cana-
dian fresh water lakes, the mud flats and bays
along the coast and the rock islands of far
Alaska?

“From the rocks, eggs mostly were taken,
with a little fur—eggs of gulls and gannets, of
cormorants and puffins, of seabirds of many
Anything, everything
the prepared egg fellows would buy, not stop-
ping even at the eggs of ducks, geese, swans
and grebes from the inland waters where they
were often very abundant; stale or fresh, it
was the same so.they would pass muster.

“We had a fair size schooner and while |
would not care to say we brought eggs to
market by the vessel load, it is true that we
of ten gathered them by thousands of dozens.

- They were packed in sawdust or bran by the

barrel full and shipped East. They cost
nothing; a little extra work, some rock climb-
ing, a little marsh wading maybe, nothing
more, and in places where the sea _ birds
gathered they were actually so thick it’s a
wonder how a bird could squeeze into the

_ crowd to lay, or find her eggs if she once left

them. There were nests; perhaps a scooped
out hollow; maybe a little circle of stones or
a crevice in the cliff; yet everything was done
in order—one kind of birds occupying one
line of ledges, another the next higher and
so on until the highest crags were left for the
gulls, and a noisy bunch they were I tell you.

“If we cleared five cents a dozen above
barrels and shipping expenses we were well
satisfied but often when the ‘sea fruit’ as we
called the eggs, was not over rich, that is,
reasonably fresh, we doubled that price. Then
the Government shut down on the trade, sent
revenue cutters along the coast and said,
“Give the birds.a chance; also the seals,’ for
we did a little in seal skins on the quiet. We
thought it all a bluff until we saw a couple of
schooners captured and their crews locked
up, then we began to believe; the more so
as we ourselves only escaped by the skin of
our teeth. It was by good luck we had

neither eggs nor fur on board and although

our equipment showed clearly what we were
after, they didn’t catch us with the goods,
besides the cutter’s captain was a decent
fellow and the talk our old man put up,
*Didn’t know the law had gone into effect;
thought it was only in Canadian waters any-
how,’ went, and they turned us loose. As
he was stepping over the cutter’s side into
his dory, our Captain asked of the revenue
man, ‘Is there any law against shooting?’
‘Shooting what?’ the officer inquired, then
went on, “You know you have no right to
kill seals. Now what scheme are you plan-

554

ee

, + = ‘ aly cay ube ayriun he
Being an Account of Happening in No i e We
Hy Had Been There.
Edward T, Martin ~

ning? Mischief I'll be bound. If so, look
out.’ ‘No, captain,’ the old man told him,
‘just a few—er—ducks to eat, or maybe some
of them white boys that go diving around the
flats and shallows after fish. hat do you
call them?’ ‘Those,’ the officer said, pointing
to a bunch of big grebe, ‘you can’t eat them;
too fishy; no law against killing them that I
know of. They are the great Arctic grebe. ©
they are fishier than fish and fuller of oil
than a whale, at least as far as their size goes.
Your men may try eating them once, never a
second time.’

‘*The old boy thinks I want them for
fresh meat, does he?’ Captain Bill laughed
when we were out of ear shot. “Well I guess
I put one over on him that time. It’s their
skins I want—their fur. I read in a paper not
long ago where a dealer shipped 15,444 of
them in a single month. They sell sometimes
for a dollar a skin, hardly ever less than fifty
cents and if you fellows know how to point a —
gun a little bit we ought to pick up a lot of
easy money.’

“Well, we started down the coast and all
the way wherever there were mud flats and
shallow water, there we saw the divers. I
was the best shot in the crew but at that many
a time found there was lots more room where
a bird wasn’t than where it was. We didn’t
load the schooner but got quite a lot of skins.
Nobody knew how to dress and stretch them
or even how to skin the birds. The old man
said ‘Split them down the breast’ like he did
*coons when a boy. I argued, ‘Serve them
like us kids used to muskrats years ago.
Open them behind and shove the bodies
through the cut.’ I told Captain Bill that
with a ’coon the best fur was on the back.
As for the grebe I wasn’t certain but it looked
like the breast was what the people would
want; but if we left the skins whole they
could trim them to suit themselves. The
men kicked because my way took more time,
but when the captain said take the skins off
whole, why whole it was.

‘There were plenty of grebe, big whitish
fellows with long necks and a quick jerk to
their heads like they were sneezing. » Often
the older ones would dodge the shot, or so it
looked. You see we were using black powder
that was kind of slow and some of the old
boys, veterans that had heard guns go and
shot whistle, would be under water before
any lead could reach them. Many too,,
missed escaping by the breadth of a hair, the
soe catching them through the top of the

ead.

“At first all this was fine sport. Then our
shoulders got sore. Mine had a lump on it
as large as a hen’s egg and towards the wind
up blood came through my shirt every time
I shot. The triggers cut into another fellow’s
finger, blood poisoning set in and he came
near losing his hand so we were all glad when
one morning the old man said: ‘“Powder’s
gone: to-day ends the performance and then
it’s home for us.’

ROD AND GUN‘IN CANADA ST aah

HE boys at the fac-
tory took the first
Hatch One-Button
Union Suits we turned
out. They knew what
ten buttons meant in the
early a.m. when they had
to punch the time clock.
They say some genius
should invent a one-
button vest’ too. The
new Hatch One-Button
Union Suit is made in
true Zimmerknit quality.
That makes it complete.
The button is in front.

Your dealer keeps the
Zimmerknit Lines.

They say if the buttons
were not so conveniently
placed in front it would
cost more.

Hatch One-Button
Union Suits are made
in Zimmerknit quality.
That makes a pretty

- good combination.

At camp you like to
dress in a hurry. The
One-Button Hatch may
mean an extra fish.

Z\IMMERKNIT

ZIMMERMAN MANUFACTURING CO., Limited
HAMILTON = — CANADA

- the time.

“0 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

“On the way to the nearest port from where
we could ship—that’s what Capt. Bill called
‘home’—we packed the skins in bundles of
100, first having salted them. Now, how
many of the things do you suppose we had?
Three thousand and over. ‘Never sell so
many; no chance in the world’ I said to my
dory mate, but we did. However, because
they had not been stretched and, dried, we
only got half price, something like thirty-two
cents each, which paid all the expenses of
the cruise besides leaving enough cash to
outfit for a summer's trip, fishing, trading,
or whatever else the old man might take it
into his head to be guilty of.

“While up Rupert way we met an old-time
grebe hunter, a half breed named Tom. ‘Why
you no use sneakum boats?’ he asked when
told we were going after grebes in the spring.
“What’s them?’ Captain Billinquired. ‘Them’
the breed said ‘is a kind of boat a fellow lays
down in and sculls from over his shoulder,
*nother fellow in front, him lay down, shoot
bang! bang! kill heap birds. Birds see nothing.
Think boat ice cake, maybe, or driftwood.
Won’t get out of way. Most reach out pick
um up sometimes.’ This appeared like a
good scheme to the old man, so he hunted
around until he found one. The only trouble
was it didn’t look like an extra good sea boat.
and would be dangerous going into rough
waters with. . The captain, however, remedied
this when he gave orders to have three built
by making them with a four-inch higher free
board. Also instead of having them of a
‘dirty drab color, figuring to plaster them with
mud, he had them a bluish white so that at a
distance even a fellow wise to them would not
be able to tell which was floating ice and
which was boat.

“That winter we did the -best we could.
We fished some, and lay in Victoria harbor
during a month of extra bad weather. While
there the old man had a gas engine put in the
yawl and a half deck, forward. He also
took lessons in running the engine, wanting
to use the yawl for a tender to the sneak
boats he said. As soon as it looked as
though spring was coming, we pointed the
schooner’s nose to the North, picked up the
breed, took the ‘sneakums’ aboard and were
ready for business. One night there came a
warm rain from the South and next morning
the birds arrived, grebe, ducks, swans, geese,
nearly every kind of waterfowl a man ever
heard of. It was ‘Hurrah boys! Lower the
‘sneakums’ and get busy.’ Tom was navi-
gator for me lying in the stern. I, as gunner,
was forward, with head between his knees,
and feet crowded under the low how decking,
“You no get up to shoot’ he ordered. ‘You
rest gun over deck up front there, Hold um
tight with one hand back of trigger guard.
Ketch um kick in other. Hand just as good
to ketch kick as shoulder. Hold um tight
though. So! The way he did it looked
easy. I thought so. The men in the other
boats who had come ‘long side mine to take
lessons thought so also.

““There were many grebe and they had
been bothered so little that no skill was
needed to get close. The other scullers
didn’t even lie down, but sat straight up all
We hadn’t gone a hundred yards

; 5 RODS SY OS ee Oi Se
fA ‘ y & ‘ ! 2

when Tom nudged me with his knee, th
signal to shoot. I sat up. The
startled by seeing a dark object rise out. of
what he thought a cake of ice, dove as quick
as a flash. ‘Not that way. Not that way’
screamed Tom. ‘No get up. Shoot um
laying down.’ I had scarcely got fixed when
bump, his knee hit my shoulder again and
this time ‘I shoot um laying down’ or tried to.
Wasn’t just certain how to catch the recoil,
or how to pull the trigger. Anyhow the gun
went and so did the grebe. The recoil was
caught all right, first by my ribs, tnen the
heelplate of the gun scraped along my side
leaving a red streak where it took off the skin,
finally landing in my armpit with a_ jolt,
which caused the barrels to jump and hit me
a wallop over the head. My only satisfac-
tion was telling Tom, the gun, everybody and
exer eae including the divers, what _
thought of such a way of going shooting. Still
after I got the hang of it I. became quite an
expert and rather liked the style of shooting
at birds sitting, what I suppose you fellows
call a pot shot and which none of you ever
try to make when anybody is looking.

““We kept on moving up the coast. When
the birds got shot off or became wild in one
place, there were plenty more just ahead.
Several times one or other of the ‘sneakums’
was caught in a squall, but Captain Bill and
his gas boat were always handy so no harm
came. One day the breed and I were after a
big flock of canvasbacks. You see when we
had a chance for a good flock shot at ducks
we always took it. Of those killed we ate
what we wanted, picked the rest for the
feathers, then smoked and salted them down.
They were fine to trade for skins and we over-
looked nothing there was a dollarin. Against
the law? Probably, but everybody was
doing it so why not we, especially as there
were no game wardens handy to say ‘No.’
The bunch led us a merry chase and in the
excitement we didn’t notice a bank of heavy
clouds and fog coming in from the southeast.
It struck us just as we shot. I fired both
barrels. Tom too grabbed the spare gun
and turned loose and we counted fifteen dead
ducks besides a lot of cripples when the wind
and rain hit us. The sea rose very quickly.
In fact it came heavy right along with the
rest of the storm. The high freeboard was
all that saved us. The breed pointed the
sneakum’s nose right into the wind and
making no attempt at headway, just held her
straight and steady and let the wind blow and
the waves roll, while I bailed and threw over-
board all the heavy stuff except the gums,
first the grebe, then our boxes of ammunition,
lastly some tins of provisions. In spite of
everything the water came over our bows
faster than I could bail it out. Some litter
also worked its way through the scull hole in
the stern. A nice fix we were in. The rain
was pelting down from above, water sloshin
around in the boat under us and the ‘sneakum
taking in portions of the briny in front and

behind. The breed never said a word. His ©
face expressed neither fear nor feeling, but he —

was attending strictly to business, even if it

did look like ‘curtains’ for us both. Then I

thought of something, and took the gunn
sacks we were supposed to lie on, wrap

grebe-

ha?
-

them around a couple of water bottles and
made a V shaped dam just where the forward
decking ended, the point of the V being in line
with the stern of the boat. By adding my
rain coat I made a dam eight inches high;
then with a little hatchet and a few nails
fastened the contrivance securely in place and
_ it was surprising how much water it kept
out; enough so I was enabled to bail the boat
to below the danger point and keep her so.
After a long time we heard the exhaust of the
-yawl to windward, but she had all she could
do looking out for herself. Still she was
company, which was something. It was
astonishing how much sea the ‘sneakum’ was
standing. It looked though like our fight
was all for nothing. The wind was carrying
us straight for the rocky shores of an island,
now not two miles away and the question
seemed should we drown in deep water or be
ground into fish bait against the rocks. I
don’t know what the breed was thinking about;
I know with me I was figuring just how many
minutes I had to live and wondering which of
the crew my clothes aboard the schooner
would fit best, when suddenly the wind lulled
like it always does before a quick change.
This gave Captain Bill a chance to run his
gas boat close “longside, to windward. He
threw us a line and we hauled up under her
quarter. First Tom tossed his gun aboard
the yawl, then jumped himself. A second la-
ter I did the same, but before we could do
anything towards saving the ‘sneakum’ the
wind commenced to blow great guns again,
this time from the West and we left her to her
fate. But we ourselves were safe, at least
reasonably so, and hadn’t lost our guns
either. We found a sheltered bay and lay
there two days, until the storm blew itself out,
then went hunting again, this time for the
schooner. It took a week to find her, and we
got on board just in time. That revenue
cutter with a full head of steam was after her
and not six miles away. Captain Bill knew
the ins and outs.of the coast from the islands
of the far North to Victoria and beyond, so

he buoys his cable, cuts it, ups sail and r
into shallow water, then bumped his wa
across a bar and headed down between tw
long islands for the open ocean.
much to Mr. Revenue Man’s

island intending to cut us off and pick us up —
without trouble when we hit clear sailing.
As soon as he was behind the hills, it was
*bout ship for us and back to starting point.
Do you think the old man had any idea of —
losing that anchor? Not much. He picked
up the buoy, hoisted the mud hook on board
and coming dark set sail for Victoria with
every light doused. A fog lasting three days
helped even if the wind was light, and we made
port without let or.hindrance. Better yet,
Captain Bill’s telegram was answered, “No
grebe skins on market. Skins well dried and
stretched worth dollar each. Ship by Cana-
dian Pacific to Toronto.’ The old man was
doubting Thomas and fired back the ques-
tion, ‘What, the whole six thousand?’ To
which answer came promptly, ‘Yes, six
thousand or six million.2 ‘Was blamed sure
I didn’t have that many’ Captain Bill grum-
bled, then took an extra big bite out of his
plug of tobacco, grinned, and looked happy.

“Well the laws in all that Northwestern
country tightened up so we had to quit the
business. Lately I’ve been gathering eggs
for collectors, museums and such; make just
as much money with less risk. Well, train’s
a coming. Good luck to you and don’t kill
them all.”

With that he was gone.
“Anybody know him?” a man asked.

“Sure thing’ another hunter answered.
“He may stretch things a bit but he’s got
about the finest collection of eggs in the '
country; tens of thousands, and even now _is
a thorn in the side of the game protection
society. The wardens know he is constantly
violating the law. They say they will land
him some day but when anybody tells him
this he shakes his head and laughs.”

—i\ a

A .38 CALIBRE BOOSTER

In the July issue of Rod and Gun there ap-
pears a short article by A. R. G. praising the
.38 Calibre Iver Johnston Revolver.

Here is another! I had the pleasure to own
some time ago this same “‘gun’”’ in the .38
calibre and all I can say is it cannot receive
any too much praise as an Ideal pocket
weapon. —

My “little gun” was a .38 calibre Iver
Johnston hammerless automatic 7 shot fitted
with the ordinary rubber grips, but its ap-

pearance was alright or at least it suited me
and it balanced perfectly. This same gun
I purchased of a South African war veteran
who carried it all through the Boer war with
him and it was as good the day I bought it as
the day it left the factory.

For a trapper’s or hunter’s weapon it
cannot be equalled as it can be pushed into
the pocket or game bag and can never go off
accidentally as it must have the “‘pull’’.

All praise to the .38 Calibre Iver Johnston.

_ building were noted.

‘rangements.

Papas gh ‘ NI

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peat ME 0.

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PAR MEN

NOTES ON THE C.N.E. DOG SHOW

The Twenty-eighth Annual International
Dog Show, held in conjunction with the
Canadian National Exhibition, commenced

on Sept. 4, and wound up on the seventh.

The entries closed with a grand total of 63?,
making it a five point show. Boston terriers

headed the list with 79 entries, closely followed

by bull terriers, Airedales and bull dogs. The
Toy section was badly represented.

The officials had everything well in hand,
and many improvements in and around the
Of course, there is room
for further advancement in this ‘direction, and
the new building that has been agitated for so
long, seems as far off as ever. Considering
the facilities at their disposal, the -officials
are to be complimented on the excellent ar-
Since the introduction of Dog
Shows in 1859, there has been an ever-in-
creasing interest in them. Beginning with
an entry of 60, they steadily advanced, and at
a show held at the Crystal Palace, London,
England, not long ago, the high-water mark,
was reached, with 4,000 entries. The largest
event on this continent is the Westminster
Show, held in New York. Their last show
recorded over 1,700. Our Toronto show, with
632 entries, and the building packed with
visitors, kept the officials busy from early
morning until late in the evening.

At one o’clock Mr. J. Lynn, of Port Huron,
commenced judging Airedales, the ring-side
being packed to an uncomfortable degree by
crowds of interested spectators. The sensa-
tion of the day was the winning of Polam
Maxim, who went through his class from
juniors to winner, the special for best Airedale
in the show falling to his kennel-mate Ch.
King Nobblers Double. Both these dogs
are owned by Mr. N. McKenzie, of Regina,
who afterward captured the winner in bitches,
with his good bitch Sunshine. Altogether the
Airedales made a grand section, and the in-
terest displayed in them stamps them as one of
our most popular breeds.

‘s ~ ” .

The following is a list of how the awards
were handed out:—

Puppies, dogs—Ist, H. Clayton’s Silver
Birch Nobbler; 2nd, J. Russell’s Clayfield
Terror. 3 Res.

Junior dogs—lst, Mr. N.. MecKenzie’s

Polam Maxim; 2nd, G. H. Cap’s Brant
Ranger; 3rd, Clay field Terror R.

Novice dogs—Ist, J. Russell’s Clayfield
Second Sight; 2nd, Silver Birch Nobbler; 3rd,
E. W. Billinger’s Morning Recruit. Res.

Limit dogs—1st, Polam Maxim; 2nd, E. W.
Billinger’s Morning Admiration; 3rd, J.
Russell’s Clayfield Pennant. -

Open dogs—ist, Polam Maxim; 2nd,
Morning Admiration; 3rd, Clayfield Pennant.

Breeders’ dog—list, Morning Admiration;
2nd, Brant Ranger; 3rd, P. Hammer’s New-
bold Commander.

Puppies, bitches—Ist, J. Russell’s Clay-
field Cricket; 2nd, J. Russell’s Mary Pickford;
3rd, H. Clayton’s Silver Birch Princess.

Junior bitches—ist, H. North’s Mona
Lisa; 2nd, Clayfield Cricket; 3rd, Mr. Hill-
burn’s York Ryburn Clover.

Novice bitches—I1st, Clayfield Peggy; 2nd,
York Ryburn Clover; 3rd, J. Perkin’s Jane
Straight.

Limit bitches—ist, N. McKenzie’s Sun-
shine; 2nd, J. Russell’s Rhosddu Victory;
3rd, Mona Lisa. :

Open bitches, a repeat. t

Bull terriers also made a good show with a
record entry for the breed. Mr. Clair Foster,
the judge, had all his work cut out in placing
the awards, as this section was a very even lot.
Norass’ Stand Pat got winners, the reserve
falling to the Toronto dog Billy Sunday. In
bitches Ch. Norrass’ Radiant secured winners,
reserves falling to another Toronto product
in Dufferin Venus. B

The ribbons were handed out as follows:— .

Puppies, dogs—lst, Norrass’ Stand Pat;
2nd, Norrass’ Blue Moon; 3rd, R. H. Elliott’s ©
Haymarket Blaze II. ;

No more trudging off to
the public garage in drip-
ping wet or snow. Just step out
of your door and—there you
have it. Your own, fireproof,
artistic and durable garage.

Sven GARAGES

/

| ROD AND GUN IN CANADA He
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make it easy for a woman to get the car
in and out herself, with comfort. Plenty
of room to get around,clean and sanitary.
Pedlar’s Garages are well lighted, easily
ventilated and do not harbor noxious
odors. Sizes and styles to suit any car ‘O} yw Ee A BI]
and harmonize with your home and sur- g i)
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as a good garage can be made.

Write to-day for the Perfect Garage Booklet R.G.
THE PEDLAR PEOPLE LIMITED
(Established 1861)

Executive Office and Factories: Oshawa. Ont:
3ranches:

Moxtreal, Ottawa, Toronto, London, Winnipeg

The Unsinkable Chestnut Sponson Canoe

The situation pictured above might
end seriously if the canoe were any
other but a Chestnut Sponson. We
make these superb craft with capacious
air-chambers extending the full length
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Chestnut Canoes have speedy lightness
without sacrificing staunchness. Their
reputation is. world-wide. Hulls are of

Chestnut Canoe Co., Limited, Box 445, Fredericton, N.B.

wide cedar ribs with a covering of thin
cedar planking, copper-fastened every-
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We have a free booklet to send

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560

Novice dogs—1st, Norrass’ Stand #Pat;

v4 2nd, H. Vearncombe’s Furore; 3rd, Hay-

market Blaze II.

Limit dogs (not exceeding 35 lbs.)—I1st,
F. Smith’s Haymarket Rancher; 2nd, M.
O’Rokes’ Wentworth Jeoffre; 3rd, W. J.
French's Blazer Jack.

Limit dogs—(over 35 lbs.)—1st, Norrass’
Stand Pat; 2nd, D. Sutherland’s Billy Sunday;
3rd, Norrass’ Blue Moon. ;

Open dogs—Norrass’ Stand Pat; 2nd, Billy
Sunday; 3rd, Norrass’ Blue Moon. ;

Breeders’ dogs and bitches—Ilst, Dufferin
Venus; 2nd, Norrass’ Stand Pat; 3rd, Norrass’
Blue Moon.

Junior dogs and bitches—1, Norrass Stand
Pat; 2nd, Billy Sunday; 3rd Furore.

Canadian-bred dogs—list, Billy Sunday;
2nd, Furore; 3rd, Ch. Glenedith Imperator.

Puppies, bitches—Ist, R. H. Elliott’s Hay-
market Jessie; 2nd, F. A. Rowlins’ Nilwor
Patrica.

Novice bitches—ist, Haymarket Jessie;
2nd, Lewis Bros.’ Charlwood Modesty; 3,
Nilwor Patrica.

Limit bitches (under 35 lbs.)—1st, Charl-
wood Modesty; 2nd, Nilwor Patrica; 3rd,
Mrs. W. Lane, Princess Panzaritta.

Canadian-bred bitch—1st, Dufferin Venus;
2nd, Mrs. W. Lane, Princess Nordica; 3rd,
Panzaritta.

Limit bitches (over 35 lbs.)—1st, Charlwood
Modesty; 2nd, Princess Nordica; 3rd Miles &
Coles’ Nelly Grey.

Open bitches—ist, Ch. Norrass Radiant;
2nd, Dufferin Venus; 3rd, Norrass Vanitie.

Dr. J. A. DeMund judged mastiffs. Only
three showed, and all belonged to C. W.
Dickinson. His newly imported dog, Priam
of Wingfield, easily accounted for winners.
He is a big, upstanding dog, and when matured
The result:

Open dogs and bitches—ist, Priam_ of
Wingfield; 2nd, Duchess .of Wingfield; 3rd,
Parkgate Duchess.

St. Bernards brought out a fine entry.
Bert Swann’s Fasimile of Parkdale being an
easy winner. Queen of the Alps, owned by
W. E. Harkness, secured winners in the op-
posite sex. The results:

Novice dogs—1st, Bert Swann’s Kingsman

of Parkdale; 2nd A. J. Corcan’s Oakworth

Middy; 3rd, R. E. Maxwell’s Nicholass.

Junior bitches—1lst, Queen of the Alps;
2nd, Bert Swann’s Isobell of Parkdale;3rd,
N- Duckett’s Lady Dudley.

Novice bitches—Ist, Queen of the Alps;
2nd, Isobell of Parkdale; 3rd, W. J.Hume’s
Oakworth Girlie.

Limit dogs—ist, Kingsman of Parkdale;
2nd, C. Glover’s King George; 3rd, Oak-
worth Middy.

Open dogs—ist, Facsimile of Parkdale;
2nd, W. E. Harkness’ Ch. Alta the King;
3rd, King George.

Limit bitches—lst, Queen of the Alps;
_ 2nd, Bert Swann’s Alta Eva; 3rd, Oakworth
_ Girlie.

Open bitches—Ilst, Queen of the Alps;
2nd, Alta Eva, 3rd; C. Glover’s Dudley Bell.

Bulldogs turned out well with an entry of
44. H. A. Wilson’s Coster Diamond secured

oe 4 rawr |
Dowling’s.
Lady of Lambare again accounted

of for
ners in bitches. ;

The second day’s proceedings at the Ex-
hibition Dog Show ee orth another
large crowd to witness the judging, which
commenced at 10 o'clock, the terrier ring
being the centre of interest in the morning,
whilst later in the day the larger breeds and
toys were brought before the judges for in-
spection. As usual these diminutive pets
came in for their share of admiration from the
visitors who thronged the ring-side.

Mr. James Lindsay, of Montreal, judged
Pa terriers and handed out the awards as
ollows:—

FOX TERRIERS—WIRE.

Puppy dogs—lIst, Alf. Delmont’s Leeds
Country Life.

Novice dogs—ist, Leeds Country Life;
2nd, G. Ward’s Domedazzlem.

Limit dogs—Ist, A. Leipin’s Dusky Bounce;
2nd, G. Ward’s Leopold Result; 3rd, A.
Delmont’s Freight Bound.

Open dogs—1st, Dusky Bounce; 2nd, Mrs.
H. Stephens’ Endcliffe Nutcracker; 3rd,
Leopold Result.

Breeders’ dogs and bitches—Ist, D. Lynn’s
Lynnfield Lyric; 2nd, H. Hughes’ Galick
Whip; 3rd, W. Shorts’ Regal Curio.

Junior ‘dogs and bitches—lst, Lynnfield
Lyric; 2nd, Domedzzlem; 3rd, T. Moore’s
Donnington Wasp.

Canadian bred dogs—1st, Regal Curio;
2nd, H. T. Armistead’s Westpark Ranger;
3rd, J. Standford’s Barbwire.

Puppies, bitches—1st, D. Lynn’s Lynnfield
Fabric; 2nd, H. Hughes’ Galick Whip; 3rd,
W. H. Shorts’ Molly Circuit.

Novice bitches—Ist, Lynnfield Lyric; 2nd,
Molly Circuit; 3rd, W. Shorts’ Regal Vic.
Limit bitches—lst, D. Lynn’s Lynnfield;
2nd, A. Delmont’s Leeds Vanity Fair; 3rd,
T. Moore’s Kellendine of Chaffs.

Open bitches—Ilst, S. Bamford’s Walnut
Hornsby Bride; 2nd, Leeds Vanity Fair; 3rd,
Kellendine of Chaffs.

Canadian-bred bitches—Ist, C. Plumbey’s
Walnut Gambol; 2nd, A: Lepine’s Virgiedot °
of Malden; 3rd, Donnington Wasp.

Winners, dogs, wires—Dusky Bounce.

Winners, bitches, wires—Lynnfield Lyric.

FOX TERRIERS—SMOOTH. =
Puppy dogs—ist, E. H. Ingwersen’s Nialo
Exchange; 2nd, G. W. Bailey’s Clapton
Sensation; 3rd, Miss L. Shorts’ King Circuit.
Novice dogs—lst, Nialo Exchange; 2nd,
Clapton Sensation; 3rd, E. Bailey’s Sabine
Reveling.

Limit dogs—ist, D. Lynn’s Lynnfield
Sandstorm; 2nd, Nialo Senator Royal; 3rd,
Clapton Sensation.

Open dogs—A repeat.

Breeders’ dogs and bitches—1st, Lynnfield
Aztic; 2nd, Clapton Sensation; 3rd, Clapton
Fidelis.

Junior dogs and bitches—ist, Lynnfield
Aztic; 2nd, Clapton Sensation; 3rd, Clapton _
Fidelis. ; a

| gd OY

ed dogs—1st, Niola Sensation;

‘lapton Sensation; 3rd, E. Ward’s Black

HE OR aC y

___ Puppies, bitches—1st, Clapton Temptation;
2nd, Clapton Fidelis; 3rd, Niola Black Cat.

_ _ Novice bitches—Ist, Lynnfield Aztic; 2nd,

‘Clapton Temptation; 3rd, Clapton Fidelis.

Limit bitches—ist, Clapton Temptation;

- 2nd, Lynnfield Zoptic; 3ra, Clapton Fidelis.

# Open bitches—A repeat.

Canadian-bred bitches—Ist,, Clapton Tem-

eat 2nd, Clapton Fidelis; 3rd, Niola

ngsville Pennant.
BULLDOGS.

Puppy dogs—Ist, S. Perkins’ Rockley
Silent Witness, 2nd, J. E. Dowling’s Gammon
of Tambare; 3rd, M. Carter’s Imperator.

Novice dogs—1st, H. Holgate’s King Jack;
2nd, L. O. Lumber’s Rydal Kim; 3rd, A. W.
Munson’s Billy Louvain.

Limit dogs (over 45 lbs.)—1st, King Jack;
2nd, J. E. Dowling’s. Bashful Boy of Lambare;
3rd, H. Holgate’s King Moston.

Open dogs (over 45 lbs.)—I1st, King Jack;
2nd, King Moston; 3rd, Billy Louvain.

Limit dogs (under 45 Ibs.)—I1st, H. A.
Wilson’s Coster Diamond; 2nd, J. P. Condon’s

? Aaa Mac; 3rd, H. A. Wilson’s Walnut

4 rib.

Open dogs (under 45 lbs.)—A repeat.

Breeders’ dogs and bitches—Ist, Coster
Diamond; 2nd, King Jack; 3rd, King Moston.

Junior dogs and bitches—1st, King Jack;
2nd, Mrs. H. Peabody’s Miss Cheetham;
3rd, Billy Louvain.

___ Puppy bitches—Iist, D. W. Gunns’ Lady
Whitney; 2nd,.J. A. Meadows’ Oakville Miss
Argo; 3rd, W. W. Bamlett, Duchess of Lynn.

Novice bitches—Ist, Cobb’s Lady
Lillian; 2nd J. E. Giles’ Sunny Morn; 3rd,
B. Dell’s Rowena.

Limit bitches (over 40 lbs.)—1st, Oakville
Kennels’ Dundee Beauty; 2nd, Miss Cheet-
ham; 3rd, Lady Lillian.

Open bitches (over 40 lbs.)—1st, Mrs. E. P.
Tuson’s Chinook Tenacity; 2nd, Dundee
Beauty; 3rd, Miss Cheetham.

Limit bitches (under 40 lbs.)—Ist, J. E.
Dowling’s Belgrave Lady of Lambare; 2nd,
C. S. Webber’s Dundee Lady Brunella;, 3rd,

_ Dundee Lady Janet.

i Open bitches (under 40 lbs.)—A repeat.
Canadian-bred dogs—1st, Coster Diamond;

2nd, King Jack; 3rd, Bashful Boy of Lambare.
Canadian-bred bitches—Ist, Belgrave Lady

of Lambare; 2nd, Miss Cheetham; 3rd, H. A.

Wilson’s Duchess Diamond.

FRENCH BULLDOGS.

Open dogs and bitches—ist, Madam X
of Prospect Heights; 2nd, Sydenham Kennels’
Sydenham Bond; 3rd, Miss H. J. Wolley’s

eneral French. i

POODLES.

Open dogs and bitches—ist, Mrs. Gam-
mon’s Beauty Boy; 2nd, Mr. F. Grandall’s
Dude; 3rd, Mrs. Gammon’s Lady Flossie.

POMERANIANS.
poe and bitches, any color or weight—
Ist, G. Ward’s Charm of Beauty; 2nd, Mr.
J. P. Hannah’s Bixie Queen; 3rd, Mrs. P.
_ Eyden’s Prince George.
_ Novice dogs and bitches, any color or
ewight—Ist, T. Nightingale’s Cuiaberland

Gen

per hy,

+ ey

ee SN A ae eR
Lad; 2nd, Mrs. M. Walker’s Orange N
3rd, Prince George. x.
Limit dogs, under eight pounds, any colo
1st, Hirst & Ward’s Sherdon Star; 2nd,
Morrell’s General Wolfe; 3rd, Prince Ge
Open dogs, under eight pounds, black ia
Cumberland Lad.

Open dogs, under eight pounds, brown o1 ie
chocolate—1st, Mrs. P. Eyden’s Sailor Prince. —

Open dogs, under eight pounds, any other
color—Ist,

Sherdon Star.

Open dogs and bitches, eight pounds and
color—ist, Mrs. C. Perrin’s Black |

over, an

G. Ward’s Young Comedian;
2nd, G. Ward’s Winsome Sable Atom; 3rd, —

Diamond; 2nd, Mrs. C. Perrin’s Dandy Dia- — an

mond; 3rd, Mrs. G. Watson’s Policy.

Limit bitches, under eight pounds, any ~
coler—ist, G. Ward’s Charm of Beauty; —

2nd, Ward & Hirst’s Sunnybrook Countess;

3rd, T. Nightingale’s Cumberland Pride.

Open bitches, under eight pounds, black— _

1st, Sunnybrook, Countess; 2nd, Mrs. G. C.
Briggs’ Little Jem; 3rd, Bixie Queen.

Open bitches, under eight pounds, brown— ip

1st, Cumberland Pride.

Open bitches, under eight pounds, any other
color—ist, Charm of Beauty; 2nd, Mrs.
Walker’s Orange Cracker; 3rd, Mrs. Briggs’
Lady Mayfair.

TOY POODLES.

Open dogs and bitches (under 8 lbs.)—
1st, Mrs. M. Parker’s Lady Betsy; 2nd, Mrs.
F. Carndall’s Tootles; 3rd, Mrs. Smith’s Little

Teddy.
ENGLISH TOY SPANIELS.
Puppies, dogs and bitches—1st, Mrs. E. C.
Brown’s Celamo Baroness.
Novice dogs and bitches—Ist, Mrs. E. E.
Simpson’s Rosemary Joy; 2nd, Celamo Baron-

ess.
BLENHEIMS OR RUBIES
Open dogs—list, Celamo Redbue;
Celamo Oriole.

2nd,

Open bitches—1st, Celamo Windfalla; 2nd,

Celamo Redbud.
PRINCE CHARLES OR KING CHARLES
SPANIELS.

Open dogs—lst, Celamo Daydream; 2nd,
Mrs. E. E. Simpson’s Rosemary Joy; 3rd,
Celamo Berwin.

Open bitches—1st, Celamo Mignotte; 2nd,
B. C. Brown’s Celamo Baroness; 3rd, Celamo
Butterfly.

YORKSHIRE TERRIERS.

Limit dogs and bitches—1st, W. McIntyre’s
Star of Pellon; 2nd, J. Kenyon’s Yorkshire
Star; 3rd, J. Kenyon’s City Fop.

Open dogs—ist, W. MclIntyre’s Star of
Pellon; 2nd, J. Kenyon’s Yorkshire Star;
3rd, J. Kenyon’s City Fop.

Limit bitches—1st, Mrs. Weldon’s Kitty
of Galt; 2nd, J. Kenyon’s Sen Sen Queen II;
3rd, J. Kenyon’s Floss.

Open bitches—Ist, Mrs. Weldon’s Kitty
of Galt; 2nd, J. Kenyon’s Sen Sen Queen II;
3rd, J. Kenyon’s Floss.

TOY BLACK AND TAN (8 POUNDS OR
UNDER).

Novice dogs and bitches—l1st, J. E. Dick-
ett’s Flirt; 2nd, J. E. Dickett’s Billy O.

Limit dogs—lst, Mrs. S. A. Delaney’s Gay
Boy; 2nd, Mr. Dickett’s Billy O.

‘
A

‘ : ‘“

ai

_ x Mah rae ea | > vs! Py ad

2 ai

m3
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:

| change at regular intervals.

yee ? a ibe ‘pie ~ Aly nT *
» '. 7 . | §
562 | 20D AND

Open dogs—Ist, Mrs. S. A. Delaney’s Gay
Boy; 2nd, Mr. Dickett’s Billy O.

Limit bitches—Ist, Flirt; 2nd, Mr. J. L.
Tomlinson’s Ida B.; 3rd, Mr. Tomlinson’s
Saucy Girl.

Open bitches—Ist, Flirt; 2nd, Ida B.; 3rd,

Mrs. Delaney’s Wild Rose.

MALTESE TERRIERS.

Open dogs and bitches—1st, Mrs. Card’s
Ch. Highbury Snowball; 2nd, Emer De Malta;
3rd, Hermond White Knight Secundus.

ITALIAN GREYHOUNDS.

Open dogs and bitches—1st, W. Miterlia’s
Lady Isobel; 2nd, W. Miterlia’s Cricket; 3rd,
Mrs. J. L. Tomlinson’s Lady Grace.

WHIPPETS.

Novice dogs and bitches—1st, G. White’s
Granite Nancy; 2nd, G. White’s Granite
Kiddo; 3rd, G. D. White’s Granite Panzar-
etta.

Open dogs—lIst, G. White’s Granite Oak
Masterpiece; 2nd, J. King’s Royal Oak; 3rd,
Granite Kiddo.

Open bitches—Ist, Mrs. B. F. Lewis’ Ch.
Lansdowne First Flight; 2nd, Lansdowne
Fair Maid; 3rd, J. W. Marple’s Oak Mistress.

“How does the show compare this year
with other years?” one of the officials was
asked.

“Just as large as ever,’’ said he, “but in
class and quality of the different kinds of dogs
I think it surpasses any in the past. Quality
especially is what counts.”

Nearly every species of dog was to be seen
at the show this year. There were nearly fifty
different classes in which entries could be
made, and with the exception of pug dogs
there were entries in every class.

Fashions in dogs, like all other fashions,
The entry list
at the show would seem to indicate that the
Boston Bull Terriers were the popular dog of
the present year, pushing in front of the Aire-
dales, which looked like the fashion last year.
There were 79 Boston Terriers for the judges
to consider, but the rough and ready Airedales

‘ran the dandified little bulls a close second.

The big bull dogs were also numerous, and
looked as though the fanciers were breeding
for ugliness. They formed a_ particularly
forbidding array, and walking down between
the two rows of grinning teeth and vicious

ry

ound

oh)
>

almost disappeared, making way for his wire-
haired brother. They were as noisy as ever
and supplied about half the yapping that
filled the building from morning to night,
putting to shame the tower of Babel and
boiler factories and all other places that are
proverbial for their noises. Occasionally the
fox terriers all screamed together like the
sopranos in an oratorio chorus trying to get a
fortissimo, and at such times one realized why
they have ceased to be the fashion. The
gentle little spaniels were not so numerous as
they used to be, and the decline in their
popularity is more difficult to understand. |
On the same floor, there are foxhounds and
pointers; soft-eyed setters and dignified great
Danes; graceful Russian deer hounds and
sly-eyed greyhounds; honest Newfoundland
dogs and powerful St. Bernards. In fact,
there is every variety that one can think of,
with the possible exception of those faithful
and loveable animated door mats, the English
sheep dogs.

If toy dogs are bred so certain women
may have an object on which to lavish af- -
fection, then the quality of affection in Can-
ada is growing in value. The section of toy
dogs is not well filled. The Pomeranians are
the most numerous, looking well groomed and
pampered. They attract many admirers
being such sprightly and self-conscious little
dogs. There is a good deal of interest taken
in two rare breeds, the white woolly Maltese
dogs and the Pekinese Spaniels, that look as
though they had been “born sneering,” like

Pooh Bah. It is worthy of note that there
are four Dachshunds on view. Last year
there was only one of these German dogs,

and he looked as forlorn and guilty as though
he had been accused of all the Hun atrocities.
This year the one increased to an elongated
quartette. ‘‘Can this be another triumph for
German kulture?”’

~AN ENGLISH PUBLIC-HOUSE SHOW |

T is possible that few, if any, of the read-
I ers of The Asian, writes John Brown,

have attended a public-house dog show.
Possibly—I don’t know—shows of this kind
are not very common now; but years ago,
more years than I care to remember, the
Saturday issue of The Sporting Life used to

contain curious advertisements of such events.

They were more than curious, they seemed
to wear an out-of-date unchronological aspect,
as if they were relics of the time when what
Evelyn describes as “‘rude and dirty pastimes”
were in vogue. He was alluding to cock-

fighting, dog-fighting, and bull-baiting; “but-

cherly sports, or rather barbarous cruelties,”
he called them. The public house shows were
not pastimes of this description, they were
dog shows, and yet in a manner they sug-
gested the old sports patronized by men who,
if they were cruel, possessed much of the cour-
age of the gamie-cocks and bulldogs whose ©
combats they loved to witness. Wellington ©
called his men in the Peninsular, largely re-
cruited from this class, “the scum of the —
earth,” but they were a kind of scum that
made the British flag respected all the wide
world over. of eae

At one time, a long time ago, about tk

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564

time a fox terrier’s puppy of the name of Re-
sult was springing like a rocket into fame, I
had a dog dealer friend. I remember that,
because in fox terrier circles Result was a
name to conjure with. Indeed, there are peo-
ple to this day who say there has never been
such another terrier. That is fudge of course,
no old day terrier, not even Result with his
ever-victorious record, would have a ghost of
a chance with the modern cracks in the ring;
and I, who have never been without a terrier
at my heels for forty years, ought to know.
But to return to the dog dealer, his name was
Joe Parker, at least that was not his name, but
it will do as well as any other. Joe was just
dog through and through; dogs to him, as to
the man in the tall white hat in David Copper-
field, were “‘wittles and drink, lodging, wife
and children, reading, writing, and ’rithmetic,
snuff, tobacker, and sleep.” He was not above
hawking toys in the busy thoroughfares of the
west, and might be seen in Oxford or Picca-
dilly Circus with one on a lead, another under
his arm, and maybe a third in his pocket,
They were Yorkshire terriers or miniature
black-and-tans or King Charles or Blenheim

Spaniels in those days, none of your Pekin-

gese or Japs or Toy Poms; and Joe sold a
good few, he had, as he said, a “‘a way with
wimmin.” He used to say with Bob Jakin in
the Mill on the Floss, “Shave a dog, Ma’am,
he’s better friend nor any Christian,” with the
unction of a parson announcing a collection
after the sermon. In his heart of hearts, how-
ever, he loved a real terrier. ‘Terriers!
Demons! Gamest of Game! -That’s my sort,”
he used to say; and at his place, a crib that
took some finding, he would produce at short
notice a varmint, named Tartar maybe, or
Wasp, or Vixen, but as good as the best. I
bought a few from him, he never sold me a
pup, and one, a daughter of old Belgrave,Joe,
at least so said, was out and away the gamest
and most genuine terrier, built on the old lines,
I have ever owned. She was the sort it is
increasingly hard to find nowadays.

One foggy morning in December, I hap-
pened to remark, “‘Ever been to a public house
show, Joe?” He looked at me, as one looks
when one says ‘bar sells,’ and shrugged his
shoulders. ‘Ever bin to a public house show?
Yer might ask if I ever drunk a pot o’ beer.”
“T’d like to go to one, Joe, that’s why I asked.”’
‘°Tain’t the place for young gentlemen,” he
said, ‘not but what you be safe enough wi’
me.” So we fixed it up, there was to be a show
on Christmas night at the “Pig and Whistle”
or some name like that, a pub in the slums on
the Surrey side; and on the 25th, sure enough,
Joe directing the way to the driver through
the trap-door, we were bowling along in a han-
som to a rendezvous I saw for the first time
and the last time. The Bar was empty at the
time, except: for a big fellow who proved to
be the publican proprietor. Joe said he had
been a bit of a bruiser, and he looked it; but,
like bruisers who take to public houses and
good living, he had developed a paunch and
his face was red as a pillar-box. He was big
enough and strong enough, however, to be his
own “chucker-out,’’ and he seemed almost dis-
posed to begin with me, a guest without a
wedding garment. But Joe introduced us,
“This gentleman is a customer 0’ mine, Bill,

he’s all right.’ ‘A friend o’ yours, Joe
welcome,” said the publican; and then we
a drink all round at my expense to seal the ©
matter. ‘You'll ’ave to drink,” said Joe,
“stand it an’ let yerself be stood, it’s the wy
of the place,” and it was a way I soon found
out for myself. “Take the gentleman up-
stairs, Joe, if he’s a mind to havea look,” and
upstairs we went.

It was a large room, not too well-lighted,
there was sawdust on the floor and it was
wanted, and the mists of London outside were
not so thick as the fog of tobacco smoke with-
in. The room was full of men, men of that
class which in an earlier time must have been
addicted to “‘rude and dirty pastimes,’’ men
with stomachs as hard as their heads. They
were all smoking, and most of them were
drinking, and all were talking dog in strong
phrases; if the language was somewhat ellip-
tical, it was never obtuse. I offered a merry-
looking individual I found myself beside, a
drink, and he took ‘‘a three of Scotch,” tossed
it down with a gulp and became communica-
tive. No, he wasn’t showing; his terrier, such
a terrier, the best in the world, was run over
that morning, stone-dead, that’s how it was.
‘Bad luck,” I said. ‘‘It’s the sort of luck to
thank God it’s no worse,”’ he remarked; and
then I noticed that the chairman was about to
open proceedings. He rapped the table with
a hammer to demand silence, and made a short
speech. I wish I could reproduce it, without
relying on my imagination for my memory,
for it was full of good things told in a form of
slang that tickled the palate with a sharp,
pungent joy. Then he gave out the events,
and invited entries, which were jotted down
on the sort of slate used for drink reckonings.
The judging was conducted 1n a different room
empty of everything except sawdust and the
dramatis personae. There were usually two
judges and a referee, and if the class was large
the exhibits were judged in pairs. That is to
say, the loser was eliminated and the winner
came up again in the next heat, and so on
to the final. At the close of each class, we
repaired to the main room for drinks and dis-
cussions, both much in evidence, but though
the remarks of the disappointed lacked noth-
ing in vinegar and cayenne pepper, the awards ©
were generally accepted with a fair amount of
geniality. There was a class for small bull
terriers, little beauties, about the size of quite
a small fox terrier, but weighing heavier no
doubt, they were so robust in muscle. They
were the sort of multum in parvo bull terrier
that used to be associated with the name of old
Bill George, the sort that Colonel Edward
Earle had in the Punjab in the seventies, and
the best and gamest little pals in the world.
That was the last class of them I ever saw;
more’s the pity. And there was a class for
“business” dogs, the old fighting bull-and-ter-
rier, half-and-half, murderous-looking villains, —
plunging at opponents in the ring as a bull
might do in a Spanish arena. Seeing me in-
terested in the proceedings, owners would ask
my opinion on their exhibits, but I had the tip
from Joe. 1
whispered, and he was right. i .
n’est pas bonne a dire,” and the attitude of the i

uestioners remined me of DuMaurier’s |
sketch in Punch, depicting a big man standing

*“‘Allers say he’s a good un,” he ~
“Touts veriti |

one and saying, “If any man
tells me that I am not a Titan, [ll knock him
down, now I want your candid opinion.” So
I said “a good un” with a fervour on every oc-
~ easion, and was voted a good sport. And there
were classes for racing whippets and toy ter-
riers of kinds and a mach of 5 lbs. a side
between two bull dogs and goodness knows
_ what besides, for I did not stay till the end.
_ What with “threes” of whiskey, and pulls at
BA tankards of half-and-half, every few minutes,
_ and the smoke, and the atmosphere in unventi-
lated premises, I was forced to capitulate.
“Get me out of this, Joe, I’m drunk as a lord.”
on ye had better be going,” he said,
“there ll be hot doing by and by.” He was
right; the losers were beginning to ‘lose their

A NOTED GIRL

The Philadelphia Press had an article some
time ago on Girl Dog Catchers of which Miss
Leonore Cawker of Milwaukee is a notable
example.

Miss Leonore Cawker, says the Press, worth
a million, will get a salary of $1,200 from
Milwaukee next year as the city’s chief dog
catcher. Last year her salary was $500.

“Tt costs me about $3,000 a year to catch
and care for the city’s homeless dogs and cats”,
she says. ‘People don’t appreciate what
they don’t pay for; if they get it at a bargain
they appreciate it more. So I am giving my
work at a bargain, and I am happy in doing
something for the poor dumb brutes whom
I love.”

For ten years Miss Cawker has been doing
this work, more or less officially. Last year
was her first year as the city’s official dog
catcher. Before that she cared for homeless
puppies and kittens unoffiically, and when she
became disgusted with the methods used by
the city police in killing strays she announced

- in an advertisement three years ago that she
would guarantee painless death to animals

_ which must be disposed of.

Ma There had been no dog catcher for years,
but a year ago she was given an official
commission. Out of her salary of $500 she
looked after the departmental affairs herself,

_ hired three men and ran a dog auto to go

around collecting animals to be disposed of.

She furnished part of her stables on the upper
West Side, in an aristocratic neighborhood,
as a kennel, and there was an asphyxiating
room, where animals might be put away
without pain.

Eleven years ago there was a city dog
pound open for all to see. It was a grew-
some place. By means of ice picks three men
killed the dogs which were to be disposed of.
Often the dogs were not instantly killed and
were allowed to lie on the ground and die in
torture.

When Miss Cawker learned that the City

_ Council was to erect a fence about the dog

pound to prevent children from tormenting

_ the dogs as they lay on the ground suffering

_ their last agonies, she started to improve

onditions. She was then interested in the

Lan BA

4
vile . Neo er SCR
ay ait Lin ity Sak Mia | ‘

‘an amusement centre.

tempers, and like the Murderer in M.
felt themselves so spited by the world 1
their only aim in life was to get a bit of th
own back again. The last I remember of the
“Pig and Whistle” was a tankard put on
lips, and then Joe and the publican hoisting
into a growler. I must have reached hom
somehow for here I am; but I remember, as I
felt my way up the banisters to my rooms in ~
Duke Street, I chuckled to think of the under- ay)
graduate who couldn’t recollect whether he
was Casenore of Brasenose of Casenore, when

he tried to find his way back to his college py
way of the library railings. That was the
only public house dog show of which I have
had personal experience.

DOG-CATCHER

children of Little Italy, and maintained a room

to teach them the highest pleasures of life,
She then turned to
the work for the animals. The city has taken
over the work for the children providing
social centre playgrounds, thus carrying out
on a large scale Miss Cawker’s private work
of philanthropy.

This was her beginning. She pushed the
movement to secure humane treatment of
dogs and other animals. As a result the city
has for ten years had no serious hydrophobia,
and few cases of stray dog nuisances.

Her first home for homeless dogs was in
connection with a veterinary surgeon, but
was unsatisfactory because of limited quarters,
and she decided to use her own large stable, a
well ventilated building of stone. Kennels
occupy the basement of the stable and pro-
vide a comfortable abode for the lost, un-
wanted and strayed. A special room is pro-
vided for asphyxiation of incurably injured —
dogs and those not claimed after a reasonable 4
time. The latter class include most of the hn
dogs taken up in response to police calls for
Miss Cawker’s dog ambulance.

Miss Cawker believes in saving only dogs

of pedigree or pure blood, and so_ her orders ;
are to asphyxiate all female mongrels which pete
are unclaimed. About a dozen homeless Aub
blooded dogs are saved each year and given Aes
to persons who want pets. In the majority at 4
of cases the dogs worth saving are soon called ioe

for by owners. Last month Governor
Phillipp appointed her the State’s delegate
to the National Conference of Charities and
Corrections.

Miss Cawker took up the dog problem
only after a struggle to determine whether
her duty lay among poor children or homeless
dogs. She finally decided that the poor
children were being given increasing atten-

Sciaed

Sid rahe eta

2%

tion by trained experts, while the animal Bh
question had no one to attend toit. She had a
expended $30,000 in the practical application sm

of her ideas. For eight years she abandoned
her Summer vacation to remain here and at-
tend to this work. Last Winter she took
her first vacation in eight years.

>) 5 ¥
Miss Cawker’s spacious stables afford room
for other animals than dogs. Sometimes
when the owner of a horse is arrested for
abuse of the animal she has it sent to her
stable to put in condition again or to await
court action. At one time in her stables and
---——s kennels all sorts of pets can be found. One
ay, day recently visitors saw dogs, cats, horses,
Ag ___— parrots, an owl, a wild turkey, pigeons and
rabbits at one time in different cages.

ia Miss Cawker has many personal pets,
most of them animals saved from the asphy-
__ «xiation chamber. One such is the rare toy

terrier. Birds

*
; ee
: 5 i
4 Ts bathe
t d eae Le ae

(inte Wisce Bi. 5
y the score are in he
She has horses and Angora cats also.
Last year Miss Cawker and her assistants _
handled 3,000 dogs. Usually there are

1€1 from | ss
thirty-five to fifty on hand waiting for oe ot
sible identification. Last month 400 dogs _
were handled.

Miss Cawker has put aside lure and society,
and the life of ease that wealth could com- —
mand for the care of mistreated animals. —
She answers all telephone calls herself to make
certain that no case is neglected.

__, DOGS OF WAR IN EUROPEAN

and acute hearing they would more speedily
than their master detect the near presence
of an enemy. They are more valuable still —
as a guard or companion to a sentry on out-
post duty. ms

baa
a ta
a. CONFLICT
(aoa >
on There is a popular impression that the
pe European conflict is the first war of nations
‘hee in which dogs have played such an important
_ role. +A writer in the Field (London) points
a. out that they were employed in war times

centuries ago, and that there is evidence

_-_-—~—s that ~‘the Egyptians made such use of dogs

-_as long ago as 4,000 B.C. In reviewing the
part that dogs have played since the earliest

_—s time’=ihe says:

_-—-—Ss “For centuries it has been recognized that
____ dogs can be trained to be of the utmost value

for military purposes, and it is certain that

when he made Anthony exclaim, ‘Cry ‘Havoc,’
a and let slip the dogs of war.’ Though dogs
muy were little, if at all, used for military purposes
‘ A in Elizabethan times, they were undoubtedly
~~ so employed by the Romens and other mili-
____ tary powers of a bygone age. It is extremely
likely that dogs, after becoming domesticated
and brought into use for pastoral purposes,
were soon adapted to both warfare and the
e chase. They were sometimes used as guards
and videttes, and when they had their place
ie on the battlefield they were usually protected
_--_—+iby spiked collars or clad in coats of mail.
The citadel of Corinth was guarded by fifty
dogs placed outside the walls on the seashore,
and it is stated that on one occasion before
the garrison could shake off the effects of a
_ night’s debauch forty-nine of the brave
hounds were killed by the besiegers.
Bie ie" ‘As related by a writer in The Field some
years since, Soter escaped to communicate the
news of the advancing foes, but he was in time
---~_to warn his masters. The Senate ordered a
silver collar to be prepared for their canine
savior, on which was engraved in Greek char-
ks? acters, ‘Soter, defender and preserver of Cor-
ali inth.’ His slain companions were not forgot-
ten, as a marble monument was erected in
{ their honor and suitably inscribed. The
Germans have paid particular attention to
_ the training of their dogs, a fact which has

-—- not_been lost sight of by English military
_-—~—s authorities, and sentry dogs are now recogniz-
ae ed as a source of strength. There is no reason
eee why dogs trained to assist the soldiers in
Ss scouting duty should not be useful, as with

their extremely delicate olfactory organs

:

no metaphor was intended by Shakespeare _

“The ancients used dogs for both attack

_and defense, but to-day’s war dog has to fulfill =

totally different duties—the ways of warfare
being so different—as an agent of actual at-
tack and defense his use is out of the question.
There is evidence that dogs were employed
in Egypt 4,000 years B.C. Aneas mentions —
them as being used to carry dispatches in
their collars, while both the Cymbrians and
the Teutons had their battle dogs, and they
undoubtedly inspired fear in the Roman
legions. The Romans posted dogs on the
fortifications to give the garrison timely
warning of the approach of the enemy by
barking, the Gauls had large packs of dogs
clad in armor, and Attila, king of the Huns,
used fierce hounds to guard his camps. In -
later days port-fires were placed on the dogs’
backs to set fire to the enemy’s camps. As
a fact, most of the European nations have ©
used dogs in warfare at one time or another. —
The French learned of their value from.
the Kabyle tribes of Tunis; the Austrians
trained Dalmatians to scent out ambushes, —
though it was not till 1882 that this was
done; while after the siege of Geoktepe the ~
Russians trained dogs as a preventive to
surprise. No nation, however, has paid so
much attention to the subject as Germany,
and on his return from the war base a few
weeks since’ that good authority, Major
Richardson, wrote a most interesting article
to The Times, showing how valuable dogs ©
are proving to be in the present campaign. —
‘For many yéars past,’ he wrote, ‘the Ger- |
mans have recognized the value that dogs
were likely to be in battle for various uses,
and have trained them as aids to their am-
bulance, and particularly as auxiliaries to
their sentries and patrols. Besides these
they. have large numbers of highly-trained
police dogs, and at the outbreak of the war,
all of these latter were also mobilized,
accompanied their masters to the
fields, lines of communication, et

) kate) Vcc Rata Se aM RMR aC 2S oc JP)
ie AND GUN IN CANADA )

: F erate — —
with BOVRIL

BRITISH TO THE BACKBONE

Of all Stores, etc., 1-oz. 25c.; 2-oz. 40c.; 4-oz. 70c.; 8-oz. $1.30; |
16-0z. $2.25. Bovril Cordial, large, $1.25; 5-oz. 40c. 16-0z. Johnston’s *
Fluid Beef (Vimbos) $1.20. *4

Preserve Your Outing —

In an Oil An Ideal Decoration For
pening _ Your Den or Office.

ND in after years, you and your friends
will take great delight in this permanent
reminder of that pleasant sojourn you

spent in the Canadian wilds—or wherever you
went. Your camera snap-shots have possibly
not done your trip justice. At any rate, they
missed the vivid colorings of the woods, the
sky and the water.

Rod &Gun’s Artist Can Reproduce Your Trip Trueto Life

In Oil, Pen and Ink Sketch, or Wash Drawing.

He can illustrate*that incident which stands out prominently in your
memory, just as it actually happened—full of life and action.

F V WI LLI AM Painter of the Out-of-Doors, Designer
° % and Producer of Rod and Gun’s Covers
You know his work—you see it every month He will do this, either from descriptive mat-
on the cover of this magazine. He excels in _ ter furnished by the sportsman, or from his
reproductions of Big Game Hunting, Canoeing, snap-shots, or better still, from a combina-
Mountain Climbing, Fishing—any and all of tion of both. You'll be delighted with the

the vast number of subjects offered by the result and number the picture among your
great Outdoors. Den’s treasured articles.

Send us the details and photos; we'll turn them over to the artist. He’ll work for
you just as well ashe does for us. And the price will be moderate. Address—

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

WOODSTOCK, ONTARIO
PES

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- queries to this department.

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568

“There are at present about 6,000 trained
dogs helping the Germans on both fronts. In
France before the war a good deal of attention
had been given to training dogs for ambulance
work, but the sentry dog idea was practically
ignored. A few officers did their utmost to
establish a training branch for this work, but
the French war office gave them no encour-
agement. It has been found that the absence
of such dogs is a distinct lack. Especially has
this been so, I hear, at one of the big fortresses
during the night attacks delivered by the Ger-
mans. The French therefore procured a few
trained sentry dogs, and, after these had set-
tled down and had become accustomed to the
men, they were found to be of such service
in giving warning of the approach of the
enemy sometime before the sentries are aware
of the fact that orders have been given to
procure as many dogs suitable for sentry
work as can be obtained, and since the use
of dogs in this particular region no night
attacks of the Germans have been successful.

“It is a pity that the value of these dogs
has not been generally recognized by the
French and English armies in peace time, as it
must not be inferred that any dog (even one
that proved itself to be a good ordinary watch
dog) will make a good sentry dog. This idea
is a common error. These dogs have to be
of a special temperament, and have to be
carefully selected, in the first place, and then
carefully tested and trained. A dog that is
of value in guarding things, such as its mas-

_ter’s property, or at its kennel, may be use-

less away from this environment, in the
fields, and with some one not his master.
“When the story of the war comes to be
written much must be said.as to the part
played by dogs. It has been seen that regi-
mental dogs are not afraid to advance under
fire, that the dogs of reservists have refused
to leave their masters and have followed them
to the unt. and that several have been killed
on the battle field. A touching story is told
of a spaniel that saved his master’s life. At
Aubervilliers a wounded Zouave was taken
from a train, and on a surgeon major giving
instructions for him to be removed to the

KENNEL NOTES

We invite any of our readers desiring in-
formation on doggie matters to send in their
Are you bmane
a dog; importing one; do you understan
the new registration requirements? Are you
in doubt as to what breed of dog would suit
your requirements best? Is your dog ail-
ing? Any breed you want information on,
no matter what it is you wish to know, we
will try and satisfy you and to the novice
we might say that we may save you a lot
of trouble.

It-is our intention to make this Kennel
Department bigger and better than ever;
more interesting and instructive to the own-
ers of dogs and more interesting to breeders

ROD AND GUN IN

Dre eda 2

American hospital, the poor fellow begged the
his dog might go with him. ‘He saved my
life, Monsieur le Major. Let him go with me.
The Spaniel licked the hands of the wounded
soldier as he spoke. ‘It is impossible, my
poor fellow,’ said the surgeon. ‘I would like
to comply with your request, but the hos-
pital is not made for dogs.’ Such an order
was regarded as final, and the manageress
of the canteen at Aubervilliers relieved the
wounded man’s anxiety as to the future of his
pet by undertaking to look after him. In
bidding farewell to the spaniel, the Zouave
told how his faithful companion had saved
his life. A German shell had shattered the
soldier’s foot, wounded him in several parts
of the body, and almost buried him under
earth. The soldier lost’ consciousness, and
would have died of suffocation but for the
dog. Using his nose and paws the spaniel
removed the earth, and when he had exhumed
his master he licked his wounds and thus
prevented gangrene from setting in. Then
he began to howl. French ambulance men
were attracted to the spot, and they carried
the wounded soldier to the field hospital,
where he was treated and then put in a train
for Paris, the dog accompanying him. When
the ambulance took the Zouave to the hos-
pital’ everybody was sorry for the poor do

left behind. For three days he refuse

to touch the dainty food provided by the
manageress of the canteen and at last the
woman decided to take the dog to his master.
At the hospital she told how the spaniel had
saved the owner’s life. The story impressed
the director of the hospital and he allowed
the dog to join his master. It was a joyous
meeting and brought tears into the eyes of
those who saw it. Since then the dog has
never left the bedside, and his master is now
looking forward to returning to the front.
Could the dog give his opinion of the situa-
tion, there is not the least doubt that, in
spite of all the attention paid to him at the
hospital—for he is looked on as an honored
guest—he would say that nothing could
give him greater pleasure than to accom-
pany his master when he returns to the base.”

z

as an advertising medium. As Rod and
Gun has a good circulation from coast to
coast as well as in many of the States, and
reaches that class of red-blooded sportsmen
who admire a good dog, breeders will find
these pages particularly effective in disposing
of their stock. List your kennels in these
columns and take advantage of this active
market.

The two enquiries answered in this number
come, one from Vancouver, B.C., the other
from Halifax, N.S. and well illustrate the
scope of Rod and Gun. The subscriber from _
Vancouver writes that he has a black curly
coated dog with long ears about the size of
a setter and which was sold to him as a Doug-—

so, ya A ter.
m i, ‘ but rather
on birds.
Have any of our readers ever heard of a
Douglas setter? We have not and are of
the opinion that this dog is a cross between
a Gordon setter and a black curly coated
retriever.

In reply to the enquiry re ear trouble of
this dog will say that if canker ear has been
allowed to go uncured for a year or more,
it becomes incurable. If none of the reme-
dies tried are effective and those mentioned

~ inthe June number of Rod and Gun Kennel
Department prove of no avail, we would
advise consulting a veterinary surgeon who
is experienced in canine cases.

In reply to an enquiry from Halifax re
feeding of a Dachshund will say that the
same feed as for any other dog should do.
There are two sizes in this breed, one of
about 12 to 16 pounds, and the other from
18 to 25 pounds. There are also two varie-
ties, the smooth haired and the rough haired.
The Dachshund is sometimes classed as a
terrier as they are used for going to ground.

If a dog cannot defend himself by strength
of build and courage, against another dog,
he will do so by strategy, by lying on his

‘He says he is a very keen hunter
too keen to make a steady stand

_ CHANGES IN THE BRITISH COLUMBIA _
GAME ACT 7

In August the following regulations regard-
ing the taking of game in the Province of
British Columbia went into effect.

Game Regulations, 1916.

1. The prohibitions declared by section 9 of
the “Game Act,’”’ being chapter 33 of the
Statutes for 1914, as to the hunting, trapping,
taking, wounding, and killing of game are,
subject to the provisions of section 2 of these
os Ania hereby removed to the extent
and within the periods and limits and subject
to the provisions hereinafter set out respec-
tively, as follows:—

Big Game.

(a) Moose, of the male sex, in the Electoral
Districts of Atlin, Fort George, Omineca,
Cariboo, and Columbia, open season Sept-
ember Ist to December 15th, both dates in-
clusive, in each year during the period of five
years from December 31st, 1915.

(b.) Caribou, of the male sex, throughout
the Province, except Queen Charlotte Islands,
and what are known as Rainbow and Hatchie
Mountains, in the Prince Rupert Electoral

. District, open season September 1st to De-
cember 15th, both dates inclusive, in each
year during the period of five years from
December 3ist, 1915.

(c.) Mountain-sheep, of the male sex only,

' throughout the Province, except in the Elec-
toral Districts of Yale, Similkameen, North
Okanagan, and South Okanagan, open season

__ September Ist to November 15th, both dates

___ inclusive, in each year during the period of

_ five years from December 31st, 1915.

back in surrender to his more p
opponent, when a dog thus asks for mer
. is rarely refused, even by the most vicio

og.

5 be)
Other enquirers re mange, worms, etc.,
we would advise asking their local druggist —
to get a copy of Glover’s book, which
advertised in Rod and Gun. No dog owner
should be without a bottle of mange remedy
and vermifuge. Re

yay
It is seldom that a person voluntarily gives
more than the price asked for a dog. A few ~
months ago Mr. Geo. Goodwin of Lindsay
sold to Mr. F. E. Brown, barrister, Lumsden
Bldg., Toronto, an Irish water Spaniel,
threugh an ad. in Rod and Gun. Sometime
after Mr. Brown wrote Mr. Goodwin that ~~
he was so well pleased with the dog that he ~
enclosed his cheque for another $3.00. It ©
is truly red-blooded sportsmen who take ©
Rod and Gun.

We would be pleased if some of our sub-
scribers would send in their experiences with .
hounds and Aiuredales, while deer hunting
this fall. Also the duck shooters’ experiences
with their retrievers.

(d.) Mountain-goat, throughout the Pro-
vince, open season September Ist to December
15th, both dates inclusive, in each year during
ite pane of five years from December 31st,
1915.

(e.) Coast or Columbian Deer, on Vancouver
Island and in the Islands Electoral District, |
open season September 15th, 1916, to Decem- :
ber 15th, 1916, both dates inclusive; through-
out the remainder of the Province, except E
Queen Charlotte Islands, open season Sept-
ember Ist, 1916, to December 15th, 1916, both
dates inclusive.

(f.) White-tailed Deer, throughout the Pro-
vince, except in the Electoral Districts of
Similkameen, North Okanagan, and South ~
Okanagan, open season September ist, 1916,
to December 15th, 1916, both dates inclusive.

(g.) Mule-deer, of the male sex, throughout
the Province, open season September ist, ‘
1916, to December 15th, 1916, both dates
inclusive.

(h.) That the flesh of any big game legally
killed may be retained in any person’s pos-
session for a period of six weeks after the close
of such open season.

Fur-Bearing Animals.

(i.) Foxes, throughout the Province, open
season November ist, 1916, to March 15th,
1917, both dates inclusive.

(j.) All other fur-bearing animals, through-
out the Province, except as to beaver in the
Electoral Districts of Kamloops, Similkameen,
and Greenwood, open season November ist,
1916, to April 30th, 1917, both dates inclusive.

a Game Birds. oT
_ (k.) Geese, throughout the Province, open
~ season September Ist, 1916, to March 3\lst,
1917, both dates inclusive.

— (l.) Ducks, Snipe, Sandpiper, Plover, Cur-
lew, Sand-hill Cranes, Rails, and Coots,
throughout the Province, open season Sept-
ember Ist, 1916 to January 31st, 1917, both
dates inclusive, except on Vancouver Island
and in the Islands Electoral District and
waters adjacent thereto respectively, where
+ _ the open season shall be from September 15th,

__-: 1916, to February 15th, 1917, both dates in-
clusive: Provided that no person may kill
_-- more than 250 ducks or 250 geese during above

mentioned periods.

~~ (m.) Blue and Franklin Grouse and Ptar-

migan, throughout the Province, open season
September 15th, 1916, to November 30th,

1916, both dates inclusive.

— (n.) Ruffed Grouse, in the Electoral Dis-
_tricts of Dewdney, Richmond, Delta, Chilli-
wack, and South Vancouver, and in the Dis-
trict Municipality of North Vancouver, open
ts season October 18th, 1916, to December 18th,

1916, both dates inclusive; throughout the
remainder of the Province, open season
September 15th, 1916, to November 30th,
1916, both dates inclusive.. ™
_ (0.) Prairie-chicken, in the Electoral Dis-
tricts of North Okanagan and South Okana-
an, open season September 15th, 1916, to
ctober 15th, 1916, both dates inclusive; in
imilkameen and Greenwood Electoral Dis-
tricts, open season September 15th, 1916,
o September 30th, 1916, both dates inclusive.
Provided that the open seasons herein de-
ared in respect of grouse and prairie-chicken
shall not apply within the District Muni-
ipality of Penticton:

Provided also that no person shall anywhere
kill or take more than twelve prairie-chickens
r grouse of any one species in any one day, or
ave more than this number in his possession
t one time, without furnishing, upon request
of any Game Warden or constable, satisfac-

_ tory proof as to the dates upon which the same
___were killed or taken.

— (p.) Quail, in the District Municipality of
Penticton, open season November Ist, 1916,/
o November 7th, 1916, both dates inclusive.
_(q.) Pheasants, cock birds only, in the
{lectoral Districts of Richmond, South Van-
~ couver, North Vancouver, Delta, Dewdney,

Chilliwack, and Yale, open season October
8th, 1916, to November 18th, 1916, both
dates inclusive; in Esquimalt, Cowichan,

aanich, Nanaimo, Newcastle, and Islands
i Electoral Districts, open season October 18th,
- 1916, to November 30th, 1916, both dates in-

Ja y

rivass @
a ey
rs ie)

aon + wu
aS Raine hs ieph: eile i /

n October 18th, 1916, to Octc
31st, 1916, both dates inclusive: :

‘* 4h?
open seaso

eS
Provided that no_ person shall xilt: ag om
ore

pheasant where there is snow upon the groun¢
in its vicinity, and no person shall anywhere
kill or take more than six pheasants in any
one day, or have more than this number in h
possession at one time, without furnishing
upon request of any Game Warden or con-
stable, satisfactory proof as to the dates upon
which the same were killed or taken.

(r.) European Partridges, in the Delta
Electoral District and in the North Saanich
District, open season November 17th and
November 18th, 1916:

Provided that no person shall kill more than
six partridges in any one day, or have more
than this number in his possession at one time,
without furnishing, upon request of any Game
Warden or constable, satisfactory proof as
to dates upon which the same were killed or
taken.

2. The open seasons declared by these
Regulations shall not apply to the following
parts of the Province, namely :—

(a.) Kaien Island, in the Prince Rupert
Electoral District: ‘

(b.) That portion of the Dewdney Electoral
District known as the Colony Farm:

(c.) That portion of the District Munici-

pality of Burnaby bounded as follows: Com-

mencing at the junction of Sperling Avenue
and the right-of-way of the British Columbia
Electric Railway Company, Limited; thence
due north to the line of the Great Northern
Railway; thence following the said railway in
an easterly direction to the Cariboo Road;
thence southerly along the Cariboo Road to
the right-of-way of the British Columbia
Electric Railway Company, Limited; thence
westerly along the line of the British Colum-
bia Electric Railway to point of commence-
ment:

(d.) Also those further portions of the said
District Municipality of Burnaby known re-

spectively as the Oakalla Prison Farm and |

Central Park.

Sale of Game.
_ 3. The prohibitions declared by subsection
(1) of section 34 of the ‘““Game Act’’, as to the
buying,selling, and having in possession of big
game and game birds, so far as the same relate
to game lawfully killed or taken, are hereb
removed to the extent and within the periods
and limits and subject .to the provisions
hereinafter set out, as follows:—

(a.) Moose and Caribou, bulls over one year
of age only, in the Electoral Districts of Atlin,
Fort George,-Omineca, and Cariboo from
October 1st, 1916, to December 15th, 1916,
both dates inclusive.

4
1

Ribera Trap Shooters’ Association Shoot.
v _ The following are official scores of the Alberta Trap Shooters’ Association shoot held August 15th,

under the auspices of the- Northern Club Gun Club, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada:

Number of Targets.

Event Event Event Event Event Event Event Event
1 2 3 4 5 6 8

2 7
Name. ; 15 15 15 15 15 15 50 25 Pair Doub!
d yi TEE OG Se pees. eters 12 09 06 09 12 10 32
ON [hye] Eafe Eas a A Oe 13 12 12 12 14 10 35 39 y
MURTRET PRINS Gee rei oe chan otavatee cuneacesncentecdeded 12 14 12 11 14 14 é :
RENO VLOSE SD, oe sateen nee kn Ww As, 13 12 13 14 14 12 43 47 ee
Cs R. Stanford...... 13 11 11 15 13 13 47 41 2)
R. G. Robinson..... 14 12 14 15 14 15 39 45 iy
W.-B. McLaren... 14 15 14 14 14 14 46 28 rise
W. J. McLaren 10 06 14 18 11 12 33 30 ht
eS GoOep el z..s.chevecc.s..s he 12 11 10 13 12 40 34 i
AMMEN RTI Sth capac cctevenck cece 11 09 14 12 11 09 44
W. L. Freeman 14 13 14 12 14 14 tig
ern HOLEWS. 1.0.25... 5. SUA RIERA eM Bente 12 12 14 12 13 12 ea
RMMMNUUSUES TRUER recs ea cecactst Serato nsaspee sucravensvea rons -Nacays 13 10 14 13 13 07 \
O. F. Meilicke... 14 14 12 14 14 11 45 30 “
MUI NN ND cao cores enn oe dhamet tgs geonenecs aprencssensetien 12 12 13 12 13 12 43 >
_ G. M. Cowderoy 15 14 15 14 14 12 47 40 i
US LLIN CE (0) 0 aa 13 13 12 14 14 13 46 40
LN. 0 14 14 15 13 15 11 41 40 s
W. A. Mores...... 15 11 14 15 13 14 48 32 ia
eet rsch x... 11 15 12 11 13 12 44 40 :
wl. TE GY de 13 15 ale 13 13 09 36 :
Cc. G. McDougall 14 13 iP, 13 09 11 29
PPG AT DON See eriae keh aes ss 12 14 15 10 15 13 40 ra
PP. C. Kenney..... 13 10 12 12 15 10
¥ W. G. Holmes... 14 103) 14 12 13 12 44 37
BUS IVY sp ELOLMMES) toca cctek. 13 13 14 13 14 11 34
Babi. Morris: (Pro:).).<.-... 14 15 15 13 14 12 50 43 :
Buse ear es. 78 ce hibeistet. LON A 15 11 3) OOF ona b
MM.) Esdale...........:... 11 13 14 09 15 13 47 30 a
ecg ed 67 ean ee 13 15 15 edd, 12 38 31
a Mi Sunaina 11 13 14 13 ie 11 37
‘nl Sos] BE ee 14 12 14 11 13 10 42
M. D. Cadell 14 15 14 13 11 12 44
Te La. NEA Ae eee 14 13 14 10 14 13 43 vi
W. H. Sutton (Pro.) eee 14 5 14 14 13 14 38 40 ;
RWes INCNNCOY. 02.05 .csc ak en eeecees 14 13 11 11 11 11 an
R. Alexander 14 13 15 13 13 10 i)
Hie St Sen gc | ee UP? 13 15 13 13 09 ‘
C. W. Segerstrom 14 13 13 11 11 12 ‘kh
H. Edward.......... 12 11
W. H. Waddell 09 10 13 12
URS US ET ee 11 13 11 13 35
E. E. Estelle 14 15 15 14 46 37
OO BUITCERG Te) EE a ear UOT 07 08 05 09 39
9 The above scores are taken from the official list as forwarded the Interstate Association, Pittsburg, Pa.

Championship 50 birds Event No. 7 won by W. A. Mores 48-50.

by many to be a Canadian record.)

: Grand Aiherta Handicap was won by A. H. Esch with score of 43-50 from 18 yards.
wy Professional Event 100 birds from 16 yards, was won by F. H. Morris of the Dominion Cartridge Company,

Limited, score 95-100.
ms Mr. E. Estelle won long run Medal.
ig Mr. G. M. Cowderoy won High Amateur average.

The following scores were made at Edmonton on August 16th on the grounds of the Greater Edmonton Gu:

Leer orm Aes Oven O cei iol mon OULD

-_ Number of Targets. 200201720) 20 20) 250 2015.20.20 205,20
R. G. Robinson...... NaAlige lS ale 20) v9 Tf sea tyne mG), wat Lr/
W. B. McLaren LOGO 2OMNIS Li 19.1 eRe
O. F. Meilicke... TORR Sa Mr ols Motos sds

T. W. Woodma Pools Ay ZG 16 x
W. H. Sutton NOS euler temas ASLO wl el si ales
G. M. Cowdero 1S) 204185) (2919 P7205. 20 iLO TO
H. J. Crabbs TS UMSh 7 velo ode TIZe So MTS ula Paton tty)
Ae Ropans..4.:.. AO Geel: Ole 1G 1pm LOM LO
W. A. Mores..... 1Siel Salona 6 AS PAS ncOOMm LS
Ee TOO Gy ls LE WIG 1S 4 TS ers
R. E. Andrews... Assert 5a lei AO ot ily) els Merial is eT
A. ZL AGH WRN Wie eS) LOLOL SN nO
12113) sy Thy els As Ae ol oo L213

50) iz) sGm20n 16 LOW tas

toy thnks Os 14 1220 10) c1Ge at Ok G
AW. iH Werddelmesieemre i (eet: £7) 16° 15 15010 LSWULGri4en ties
J. A. Pollard.2.)) PRRSERipheh I) « ti, KLOET Sol ily: LS 1TSse Loy ale
HN Mie De 8 aS Ahh tans TG ad (MuetseniGanisn iG
VG) eae rh TRS) a by ni 1720) Tere 20

14
25

22.

Championship 25 pair doubles Event No. 8, won by K. A. West with scores of 47-50 (which is believed

572

(OSE T Co Re a 1817) AON 20
RH ROIINGB, .<...layssesscaresecdeccccadesecuc 15. 15." 20 "19
SEER RLOYICG, Jo. 0,5ceccdvocsesciveccesveuanevtes 16) 2S" 161) 26
A. Garbe........ PI aAc ta aes Aleck sk botenepacens'e 190 TOS 717 She
MET ESITI OLY’. cnc scan cnaveucnadhscuanrecesovaceont 1G 4 By 14
EINES IN IA O63 asns ck onccnndvccancanepad sachs octede 1S 19) APs
ER ONIACS :c.cscscvincecepesvsseovey ctanenbases 14 16 19 16
F. H. Morris... 20, 26. ASy U7
BURNT 12, jos, oss<tvancodsccecedseatenens Ue ee dev ie
M. Esdale....... 16 18 19 18
OU) Wels 1S VO! GS) er
UE esti bees, Cie banavencusapeseevcheve es 16 14 TS oe
PER TRCLIO. co ocelosusty svar ceccedacnvavedesuave Da 16s ad? he
MR TOV SIIKGINSONL,...0c0ccesesecassscvoycoaserese 14) 1S Ab 16
A ENC OET: 1 | (a ener 16 20° 15° #14
H. W 1G) 18 15 P17
R. Alexander 14 18
WwW. M

Dr C

WwW. G

A. Allan

D. McAfer

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

* Professional.

No. 6 Event Ladies only.
No. 12, 2-man team.

17 19 637 IO 0. 18) 4225920 250 214
17 47) (NO 2058 | 20 eo. e) 250 217
13 LOA aby ar a7 lee adn LOGlee 275 221
16 18° 16,414. 17.19 18 225 189
14 is) 165 26-1) 17 21.523 23 275 216
19 a ey gs Vy ite: ¢- A Os CR et ty a ef 275 21
17 ID hol lee keke 20 W on 250 1
18 Lo * 19" .20" 518° 320' 22 © 18 250 231
11 LO 16.3085 Ta 4b) 19 20 Ty 275 202
14 1 PPS Th NN Wo Sema GG be Rs Rs 250 210
19 18'° 19. 19. 16. 34+ 20). 2 250 213
13 160 Te LT LD aA eT eee 275 214
10 Be LON Pie) (Lae ES ye ee ee ee 275 163
12 18 10°15.) 125 16 419" Zire 275 206
13 LB Le. LS WS oko ee 250 202
17 WS. 16 (17) . 159: 9.49) "20 ae 250 213
40 32
14 16 40 30
16 Te 18: 19°17 ats oi ie 170 126
1375 Wo") Lena 125 92
12) MSL Treas 16 125 70
8 18 18 22, 65 58
14 18 19 65 51
14 16 40 30
No. 13, Handicap. :

No. 14, Consolation.

High Average, G. M. Cowderoy 189x200.

Long Run,

Notes from Battleford Shooters.

M. D. Cadwell, representing the North Battleford
Gun Club at the Saskatchewan provincial shoot at
Dundurn, on August 8th and 9th, was highly success-
ful, rendering an extremely good account of himself
in all events and particularly in the individual cham-
pionship event of the province, in which he tied for
second place having been beaten only by a single
target.

Chief of Police Walker and Supt. Cadwell journey-
ed to Edmonton on the 14th, for the purpose of par-
ticipating in the second annual Alberta provincial
shoot which took place in that city on the 15th and
16th of August. In this competition also both gentle-
men were eminently successful. In the regular events
on the first day, representing 190 targets and in which
over 50 of the crack shots from Alberta and Sask-
atchewan participated, Cadwell finished only five
end the man winning the high average
and Chief Walker followed closely at his heels with one
target less to his credit. In the championship event
for the province of Alberta, Cadwell finished fifth
with 44 out of fifty, and Walker with 43; and in
Grand Alberta Handicap both local men finished at
third pice shooting from 19 yards. The scores
made by the local gunmen for the first day were

Trap Shooting at Minaki, Ont.

‘The new ‘Trap-shooters’ Club recently organized
at Minaki, Ont. held its first annual shoot Saturday,
August 5th under ideal conditions.

About thirty shooters were on hand ready to com-

te in the eight different events, as well as several
hundred spectators who had come from all parts to
witness the shoot for the Dominion Championship,

G. M. Cowderoy 65.

Cadwell 163 broken out of 190 and Walker 162, sev-
eral perfect scores having been made.

On the second day a merchandise shoot was put
on at the traps of the Greater Edmonton Gun Club,
and fifty shooters again competed in all events, in-
cluding the champion of Canada, the champion of
Alberta and many other artists of wide repute, con-
Sequently the competition in all events was very keen
and of high order.

The principal event of the day was the handicap
event in which all shooters participated. This was
a 25-bird event and the North Battleford gunners
were Stationed at 19 yards on account of their show-
ing. Cadwell finished with 22 to his credit taking
third place but did not get into the finals. Walker
tied with the famous Ben McLaren of Calgary, Dom-
inion champion 1915, and champion of Alberta for
four successive years, with 24 out of 25. In the shoot-
off both men tied again with 23, which necessitated
another shoot-off of 25 targets. At this period en-
thusiesm knew no bounds and everyone awaited the
final result in breathless silence. This test proved
Walker to be superior, he finishing again with 23
and his opponent with 22. It is needless to state
that Walker was highly complimenced on his attain-
ments and skill, and was very popular, the champion
being the first to acknowledge Walker’s superior skill.

which event this new club had been fortunate enough
to secure.

The shooting grounds and trap were located a short
distance from Minaki Inn, headquarters ot the club.
Frequent motor boat service was maintained through-
out the day between the Inn and the grounds for the
convenience of shooters and spectators. The trap
was placed on the edge of a large open sand and gravel

Courtesy G. T. P. Ry.

MINAKI TRAPSHOOTING TOURNAMENT

Bacon

have been on the market for over
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If your grocer does not keep these
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Bargain for quick sale. Box 41, Rod and

WOODSTOCK, ONTARIO

We carry in stock the largest assortment of animal

TRAPS .

in Canada ; this insures prompt shipment.

HALLAM’S ANIMAL BAIT will largely increase
your catch of furs. $1.00 per bottle, or six bottles
for $5.00, postpaid by us.

NO. 44 JUSTRITE HEADLIGHT gives a penetrat-
ing light and will not blow out. It burns ten hours
on one charge of carbide. It has a lens for diffused
light for camp purposes and a special long distance
lens for hunting. Weight 24 Ibs. Price complete
with cap delivered to you $4. 50. I ordering give
size of cap desired. ‘

There are acetylene searchlights, camp lamps and
lanterns at prices from $1.00 to $8.50 described in
our catalogue. '

PAA GLite REPEATING RIFLE
MopeE. 29 -.22 CALIBER

ONLY $13.75

SAVAGE, MARLIN, REMINGTON, ROSS and
other rifles and shotguns in the popular calibres and
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MARBLE’S FLEXIBLE REAR SIGHT will increase
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GILL NETS mounted with leads and floats ready
for the water 20c. per yard. In ordering give size of
mesh stretched measure desired. Descriptions and
prices of Traps, Guns, Sights, Hunting Knives, Hunting
Axes, Camp Stoves, Tents, Flashlights, Bicy cles,
Compasses, Fishing Tackle and other sportsmen’s
supplies shown in our 1916-17 edition of HALLAM’S

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574 ROD AND G

pit which formed an ideal background, thus allow-
ing cg shooters to see the targets plainly from every
angle.

Competition was keen among the shooters in all
events, particularly event No. 2 and No. 4. Event
No. 2 was only open for campers in the vicinity of
Minaki and was won by Mr. I. Pitblado with Mr.
D. W. Rutherford and S. T. St. John tied for second
place. A handsome cup was donated by Minaki
Inn for this event and will be held for annual com-
petition. :

Mr. W. E. Carr was winner of event No. 4 and now
holds the Dominion Championship title. He prom-
ises to defend his title against all comers at any future
events of this kind. Mr. Carr in addition to win-
ning the above event won the miss and out and held
high score over all for the day. Messrs. Conley and

]
é
4

‘ .

Smith tied for second place and Conley we
shoot off. rh

Among the shooters appreciation was expressed
for the excellence of the prizes, especially in the mer-
chandise events.

Next season the Minaki Trapshooters’ Club plans
a two-day shoot wnder Interstate registration. In
order to make the tournament more interesting extra
traps will be installed and special arrangements will
be made to bring shooters from Eastern and other
districts. 4

The officers of the Minaki Club are:—

President, H. M. Tucker; Vice-President, Fred
J. Weed and. Secretary-Treasurer S. T. St. John.
Mr. St. John will gladly furnish information to en-
quirers regarding next season’s tournament.

Courtesy Grand Trunk Pacific Ry.

GROUP TAKEN AT MINAKI, ONT. AT THE TRAPSHOOTING TOURNAMENT HELD AUGUST 5TH

Minaki, Ont., Aug. 5th, 1916.

Event No. 1 Z 3 4 5 6 7 me
Targets. 15 25 20 50 15 20 20 Miss & Out
SIRE SPIES OM RUTINE LTE eet ecto cc ok votives dbase ncesech scenes senascoeesers 9 9 12 25 6
PEE MONIFE SERIES Re ee FN ree ac, on dap ptee ste nw seb eusecoesevebede 13 25 16 41 iS 16 17
MRP PRSS ERT D ERIS. he | 5 RU et pA cae cost oe aac secuee Lotoa dacs 14 21 10 38 10 14 14
OO ER ERT SATU a Apia Ra See ee Rene tee re ea eee 11 22 16 41 14 19 y 17 2nd
TL TER Ga TE et TE 6 Pee PRR Pe Rete ep ree eee 11 21 19 29 4 5 3
THOS DIST BY S) aE = eee eed EE LaPae Say ene Me RPK Nea bee 8 16 13 32 13 18 17
OL ETE ERS AS a ee PO ee, oer et ars ae 12 19 5 br 45 10 17 16
2) EER OU Tl TE i ae SN SF a hae Bok a eee, Soe 13 22 16 43 15 16 15 3rd
INP ST EGO Re EE Ee Ue ee | es ee Seen ae 13 20 20 46* 13 17 20 1st
was. DESSINT Toh eee aia nce eto Fc nah eis SA ite Sa See 11 24 17 Al 12 18 16
OT TE RSS 21 ee Pe Ae oe” eS a 11 24 19 43 15 19 18
AS EY ae eS ES eh See Eee 12 24 17 44 12 15 16
[EL Fe ere re eros ens ns Se eee 8 11 22
Mee UETODICADS, ......02cey05 << sceess05pe05¢2e- 13
OL. Ba] et aa a a ed eee Roe eet aes RP ee 16
PW CERTRGHOCTION GL 52.00. .22550..ccccact aonccnsdnetecSeusten ceseeeteenege ae 19
ERAS REN COVE. 8.02 soy coepcauae se suesous da vaetepohcced eae Sepeeee eee eaeeemaste 0
DUS eie BENE ETEK 250 bocca. o aks cavcossaecncacee-7 tees aa eee 1
Te OE AIT TIE T 5 5. hos ocasnc oA acece so donche Ate darn aeee ieee nee ome 0
MBSE TUITE CES. «2.500 rs Save veda cane dens Soescactosensaeecera ons meta reneeee 8
G. ee Sigs ceded ee PRE ne = 9
WV. ny" 3-Cp acd a RS ae eo, Sines AS, Rein nas Oo 2
Y 57 2ST Fr 8 ee es eer ee eep ome nea a 19 12 9 17 13
MIN Hee fT oa bs casos 25s doen ovecces tack eee dean Se haere ore aioray 17
TA SS), 2 PP a OE On ne sale Recent 6 Ge. 2 vi 1
IMRT G LS SI ee Seater eos ee See pe terre 12
(TEA DEEL EG Ce Sea oe Re Ee Beer Pre eek tec epee 20 x
OIG: gee BT, Be ee oe eee ee ee he 19 15 F :
MPURO CNUNSTN ATE Sonn < ooo 5. sk < teak cect gses vas esos sean anpecephaee ade oon 2
Ey ST ee perenne 5 Se NS ORs ees ee EE 4 3 5
- *Professionals.

W. E. Carr winner Dominion Championship; Conley & Smith tied for second. Conley won in shoot ¢
I. Pithlado winner of Minaki Inn cup for Campers; Rutherford and S. T. St. John tied for second.

W. E. Carr high over all, amateur.

n

————

is a born

trapper ....

There is always something
more to learn.”

“Those who seek to be trappers today must in a measure, at least,
emulate the old-timers’ ways, and, profiting by the experience of others,
learn even to avoid their failures, yet achieve their successes. Life
is too short for universal personal experiment; the successful man
of today is the one who profits by the experience of others—reaps
a harvest or reward.”

en CE Seale Seale: Pails Dui Oniiee SOs Stee, Pay |S ns eee on Se ee ee Se ee ee ee te a ee em

The above is an extract
from Buzzacott’s second
volume, and all who
have read his ‘“Sports-
man’s Guide” know that
Buzzacott is the premier
writer of the great out-
doors.

Buzzacott’s

Masterpiece

In this book, Buzzacott
shows you how to avoid
others’ failures, and
achieve success where
failure would be certain
had you not this master-
sportsman’s experience
within your reach.

SPECIAL OFFERS — GET THIS BOOK FREE

By a special arrangement with the publishers of this great book we are en-
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ADDRESS

W. J. TAYLOR, Limited, PUBLISHER, WOODSTOCK, ONT.

SABIE Sal 1] IGT SAO TO SC OTITIS OETA] OF

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Gd PREMERA ASAE

A

8

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and

ae

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No 596 tf

Eagle Gun Club Tournament.

The following scores were made at the registered tournament held at Brantford on

Event No. ,
Number of Targets.
PPMP SIN IED a, oules ctaueonchbeoutanctauh tasann Ist Day
2nd Day
BEERS | LGV As cigveesane agbbuthodassvacateus * 1st Day
2nd Day
DWN Se PEE 6 ci coho cueniucccdenanivve toot ss Ist Day
2nd Day
OO OS 5 CT (Sa ee Ist Day
2nd Day
SER OT THE Li castadsciseasstetnyss-nsnevatot Ist Day
2nd Day
ee ISUIMINEF NAVE. .c.....-cusessveesesecnseee Ist Day
2nd Day
SPR SSIINTITIICTD YScicsccscsuvtscnacesedscaseeee Ist Day
2nd Day
WARMERS ova sass ease sun aca tepowccesee Ist Day
2nd Day
RPI CTROD DS ohi.. coccvasscsecterscscchcecnes Ist Day
2nd Day
MEPL @ND Sas erctssessse-nstesevocesaaosesoccs Ist Day
2nd Day
US Se 6 oe ee Ist Day
2nd Day
MSTARIEER as as cath pac eda os adaakoneucesspsuaseces Ist Day
2nd Day
BUMRETPINC OT SS fcacoadeccncsnenteacexosceccsoneeee Ist Day
2nd Day
PAPER OOC ACs rc cssesracsreccuvekessesescasecnser Ist Day
2nd Day
RMIT CEE D ENYA cacadatncesoscnsncscsaveceve> * Ist Day
: 2nd Day
PROT CTEY c.0.s.c.cocenvoccnsncenseenche Ist Day
2nd Day
SU EMO AIVOCO coe oo, cen inkcontogoncescvuqsaeseuse Ist Day
2nd Day
SUES AGM Ca. con sec cgeccsacesvercnecceasasacurenctes Ist Day
2nd Day
TMIVESAY NN, |. ravens sesscencconvocseneceonsd Ist Day
2nd Day
DUREEMEAINSSTIGHS. ....scoreccsacwceveocscadecssagucace Ist Day
2nd Day
BAIT ASTI ca, cceceveccccdacoeacccescececuness Ist Da
2nd Day
EPG LOWMDCOD sacs sesccccsscveescceceaceceoss Ist Day
2nd Day
BUMS ITEL ENT: cto aicasssssxacscsecouesesaccence Ist Day
2nd Day
SPP ETE Ye ctcacocccccssescsrsacecestsnceecs 1st Day
2nd Day
RMSE ooreececnnccs-oscase. onejecn, one Ist Day
2nd Day
W. H. Gooderham. ............:.:0008 Ist Day
2nd Day
G. H. Cashmore................csecee * 1st Day
¢ 2nd Day
PATE COO PLEX TAM 2, 2c. cncssaccecs-cncpaacees Ist Day
: 2nd Day
RSIS: VEROUQ NY sooo cnn ctascocsesccosesvesenece ist Day
: 2nd Day
PE SETITIN GS. «2 c.tssescscsvesenvescenoces 1st Day
y 2nd Day
BRAT T EET IS es Sere abcess saeccancentphorences Ist Day
2nd Day
Ane IVECGC ANCE, 00.0. ccverssesvocncesasce 1st Day
nd Day
PME KCON En -coscstaacdssecccucceseiereves Ist Day
2nd Day
BRPEMOTYATIBOIE: -oce cn: sccuccccsesasccosessnacnscees ist Day
2nd Day
PMNS ATC hoo: ccc cuasscseceseanconesontabas ist Day
2Zd Day
BPEL EINV NOY. cor loncoce caccosccecarscesesseenoante Ist Day
2nd Day
EDEN WY aoa ocnasdscvacsuvacaceces sVesaseuen Ist Day
2nd Day
D5 Jon OS eee ist Day
: 2nd Day
PRRHEPRSRTEA evs cs a carecesaceacivevaserescureste Ist Day
2nd Day
SEP ATIC occ 2 ccc case canadvessccassvasver-sose 1st Day
2nd Day
Rone PePES ONO «....sdccsoccvovunsecccagssscs ist Day
2nd Day
GEISLER ONC Ae cLO caves enaanvasesenedecenucntcns Ist Day
5 2nd Day
STE TTCSS a 1st Day
2nd Day

1

2

Long Runs:—S. G. Vance, 88; W. Doherty, 68.

3

4

Ph eek et eh pet ek pet

*Professional.

High Averages on 400 birds:—S. G. Vance, first, 385; J. E. Jennings, second, 378; W. Barnes, third.
W. H. Gooderham, fourth, 374; A. F. Healey, fifth, 373. a

5

6

won tt et et et
COD OMO100OH

19
20

7

14
14
15

8
15

14
14

10

—
ou

Pe pe fe pk fk fk ek fk ft at
COOP WWO RCT > &

14
12

12
15
15

9

19

= tat et et et et et ee
CO ADMMDMMAROOS

18

17
17
19

10

14
13
14

14
10
14

17
19
19

100
100
100

;

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

TRAPPERS!)

Send your:

toJOHN HALLAM
and receive highest cash prices. We send
money the same day the furs are received.
Charge no commissions—and pay all charg-
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N Hallam’s Trapper Guide (96 pages)
N FRE Hallam’s Sportsmen’s Catalogue
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N Sent = Sigeciet eked seers)
_\N JOHN HALLAM, Limited
/ N 149 Hallam Building - Toronto
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54-56 Fraser Ave., Toronto

WATERPROOF

577

578 |

South Yarmouth Gun Club Shoot.

The South Yarmouth Gun Club held a holiday shoot
on Labor Day at Frank Thompson's on the River Road
near St. Thomas. Those who took part enjoyed the
sport, especially the .22 rifle shooting. Weather con-
ditions proved favorable and with a good background
the scores at the blue rock targets were very creditable.
Roy Guest missed his first bird and then made a run
of twenty-four straight, the best score yet made by any
member of the club. Edward Fox of the Union Road
who had never shot at blue récks before, soon learned
how to pulverize them and broke sixteen out of the
twenty-five, getting a run of ten straight, a splendid
score for a beginner. Mr. Fox also showed his ability
with the rifle, leading in the last event by a good margin.
Two novices, David Thompson and George Harris had
an interesting race at ten blue rocks each. The for-
mer’s slight previous experience stood him in good
stead however and he finally won out three to two.
The scores at twenty-five blue rocks were: S. Fortner
20, L. Black 19, R. Guest 24, W. Binns 17, F. Thompson
20, E. Fox 16.

In the rifle shooting there were two events each at
sixty feet, off hand shooting, and all used the same
target rifle which was fitted with globe and peep sights.
In the first event (eight shots) the target was a two inch
black bulls-eye with half inch white centre and out of a
possible two hundred points the following were the
scores: S. Fortner 159, L. Black 125, R. Guest 170,
Wm. Binns 109, F. Thompson 172, E. Fox 165, G.
Harris 142, D. Thompson 168, A. M. Fulton 130, Neil
Campopell 151, Henry Barrie 139, Curtiss Campbell 177.

~The second event of seven shots at a one inch black

bulls-eye, military system of scoring, and out of a
possible thirty-five points the following scores were
made: S. Fortner 25, L. Black 19, R. Guest 21, W.
Binns 19, F. Thompson 21, E. Fox 28, G. Harris 19,
D. Thompson 20, A. M. Fulton 22, N. Campbell 22
H. Barrie 19, C. Campbell 15.

Milwaukee Trapshot Wins Grand American
Handicap at St. Louis Tournament.

“You'll need this to-morrow,’’-said ‘‘Captain Jack’”’

Wulf, of Milwaukee, Wis., handing an excellent like-
ness of himself to a Chicago chronicler of sporting
events, at the Grand American Trapshooting tourna-
ment in St. Louis, Mo., “for I am going to win the
Grand American Hanaicap to-day.”
- Wulf may have been joking at the time, but it was
no joke when he finished the event—for he had won.
At the time of the above remark Wulf was one down
in 20, having missed his sixth target. There were
several with scores of 20, and a number of others who
had totalled 40 without a miss. But Wulr did not
miss any more, finishing with an unbroken record of
93. Then he proceeded to break into small pieces
another 50 targets—more or less—for the benefit of
the ‘“‘movies” and other camera fiends.

“Captain Jack,’ as the trapshooters know him,
was the only trapshot with 79 breaks in 80 targets,
and this, of course, entitled him to a lot of respect.
At this particular time I asked him to pose for the
photograph which accompanies this article.

“Hadn’t you better wait until I break the other
20,” said Wulf. I.told him now was as good a time
as any, and he said: ‘Go to it. I won’t miss any
more, any way.” That’s Wulf. He had made up
his mind to win the Handicap; he had declared he
would win, and then proceeded to realize his ambi-
tion—which is also the ambition of every trapshot
in the country. And for winning Wulf received
$619.40 and will also get a lot of free advertising.

Nine straight) years has ‘‘Captain Jack’? shot in
the Grand American—and always shot well, but never
well enough to sneak in with the leaders. He wasn’t
nervous—he was confident that he was going to win.
He had made up his mind that he would break every
target and was sadly disappointed that he lost the
sixth one. The Milwaukee shot gives all credit for
his shooting ability to Robert A. Kane, of Milwaukee.
“He taught me everything I know about trapshoot-
ing,” said Wulf after winning, “‘so give him the credit.”

Wulf is one of the most popular and picturesque
characters in trapshooting circles in the Middle West.
He is a member of the Badger, Parker and Bijou Gun
Clubs, of Milwaukee, and is always attired in the
clothing worn by cowboys, even to the wide sombrero.
He also wears a Mexican bead shell bag, something
on the order of the one worn by Mrs. Add. Yopper-
wein. He is a bachelor and has one of the quamtest
bachelor apartments in Milwaukee.

Good Work for so Young A Shooter.

The accompanying picture is of Master Wesley
McCausland, London’s youngest trap-shooter. i
little lad made his first attempt to break the elusive
clays at Port Stanley on July 1st when London trap-
shooters paid a visit to the Stanleys. Master Wesley
is only ten years old which makes his skilful handling

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

of the gun remarkable. Tle shot an L. C. Smith double
gun using Empire powder in the first event of

targets at 16 yards and broke two. Wesley then de-
cided he would like to try his luck at ten more which
were given him at unknown angles and out of his last

?
ten he broke nine straight, missing the last target only,
quite a feat for alad so young and a first attempt.
Wesley is the son of Mr. Jas. McCausland who is an
ardent trap-shooter and stands well over the 92 per
cent. mark at registered tournaments fof 1915 and so
far for 1916.

Artificial Traps and Targets.
J. Townson

My first experience with an inanimate target was
so novel that I feel tempted to describe it. One of
the old members of Toronto Gun Club made a trip
to England and the European countries every year,
and he generally brought back anything new in con-
nection with the shooting game. On one occasion
he brought back a box, the label on the cover of which
said that it contained a gyro-pigeon. It is scarcely
probable that the inventor of the gyro is still living,
but it he is it is a sure thing that he is building flying-
machines, or should be.

The gyro consisted of two steel blades, just like
the two-bladed propeller of a motor-boat, fitted in
into a ball which contained some clock-like mechan-
ism that had to be wound up with a key. The blades
were built with some kind of a hinge that doubled
up when they were hit with the pellets of shot, pro-
vided the impact was heavy enough, and down came
the contraption.

One afternoon we decided to give the new target
(and trap combined) a trial. We loaded up our
muzzle-loaders with No. 4 shot, wound up the machine
and started it off. After it had reached a distance of
about twenty yards we let go a volley and down it
came according to directions. We let it sail a little
further each trial and up to the fifth round eve
worked all right, then our troubles began. t the
sixth discharge of the battery the gyro failed to stop,
but kept sailing away till the clock ran down. With,
the instinct of a.wounded bird that finds the most
dense cover in which to hide,-the gyro dropped right
into the middle of the thickest bunch of weeds in
the field, and we spent the balance of the afternoon
trying to find it. Such was our first experience with
an artificial target. ; h
gyro-pigeon would not find much favor with the
ammunition makers, as a box of twenty-five shells
and a gyro would last a couple of gunners for a whole
season.

ant afternoon in a part of Toronto that is at present
covered with brick houses and asphalt pavements.

It is needless to say that the ~

However, it all comes under the head of —
sport, and, as I look back at it now, we spent a pleas——

;
;

‘COMMENT ON GRAND AMERICA

une

TRAPSHOOTING TOURNAMENT

The Grand American trapshooting tournament held
in St. Louis, Mo., late in August did not suffer one
iota in comparison with any of the other sixteen annual
trapshooting classics. Jt was the largest in point of
numbers with one exception—that exception being in
Chicago in 1915. Chicago went into the affair tooth
and nail and strove for 1000 entries in the Grand
American Handicap. St. Louis would have been
satisfied with one-half of that number in the Grand
American, and a correspondingly smaller number in
the other events, but one large tournament only
whetted the appetite of the trapshooters for more and
they came to St. Louis in such Aare numbers that the
tournament was a trifle unwieldly, and\quite naturally
it ran beyond. schedule time. 227,2 0 targets were
thrown. d '

Mound City sportsmen and writers had been in-
formed that the Grand American Trapshooting teurna-
ment was the greatest of American sporting events.
They asked tobe shown. Thatisa failing they have in
Missouri—to be shown. Well, they were. Never has
a bigger sperting event been held in St. Louis than the
Grand American Trapshooting tournament—and no
bigger or more interesting sporting event could be held
anywhere. Here were more than 600 persons shooting
at clay targets—quite a number of them being women.
It was the first time that women trapshooters were
allowed to enter the events and they made excellent
use of the privilege. The Interstate Association made
a wise move in allowing the women to enter the sport
with the men. Quite a number of them are first-class
- shots and the majority of them will improve in com-
petition.

It was a truly representative American gathering
of sportsmen—real sportsmen. A finer band of men and
women would be impossible to find. They came from
Maine to California, and from Canada to Mexico—
nearly all business men and women, who love the sport
of trapshooting. It is a sport, too, where fairness is
put above everything else. There were many instances
of this during the week of shooting. One notable in-
stance was in the doubles target match for the Hazard
trophy between Guy Dering, the holder, and George
Nicolai, the challenger. Trapshooters do not dispute
the decision of the referee—his decision is final, and
right or wrong one seldom ever hears a complaint. In
this case Nicolai fired and knocked one of the targets
out of its course. The referee called “‘lost.’”? Dering
asked the referee to change his verdict to “‘dead,”
declaring that he was firm in his belief that Nicolai had
hit the target, and at Dering’s suggestion the change
was made. This target put Nicolai one target in
front of Dering and it might have been the champion-
ship, too. But that is the type of men and women that
aretobefoundinthesport. Nicolai did win the match
for at the last forty targets Dering could hardly
manage his gun, the gun barrels being so warm—but
there was no alibi from him when the score was an-
nounced against him.

The week’s shooting brings out many shooters un-
heard of at other times, and usually some shooter with
a eee putation wins the Grand American Handi-
cap. his year was no exception to the rule. Captain

Jack Wulf, of Milwaukee, Wis., as picturesque a

character as ever appeared before the traps, won the
Grand American, and he did it in a most satisfactory
manner. He had been shooting ever since he wore
knee breeches and his win was a thoroughly popular
one.

Wulf is always attired like a cowboy, even to the
wide sombrero, and wears a shell bag made out of
Mexican beads. He went out with an unfinished run
of 93. The first person to congratulate him on his
victory was L. B. Clarke, of Chicago, the winner of last
year’s event. Besides Clarke there were six other
former Grand American Handicap winners in the
event. They were J. J. Blanks, Fred Harlow, Harve
Dixon, who won the St. Louis Introductory; W. E.
Phillips, Mark Hootman and Woolfolk Henderson.
Wulf shot from 19 yards, being the fifth shooter to win
the event from that mark. Three times it has been
won from 18, three times from 17, three times from 16,
twice from 22 and once from 20 yards. In the seven-
teen years of the tournament there was but one other
99 score and only once was the perfect score made.
That was in Chicago on June 23, 1910, by Riley
Thompson.

While the Grand American Handicap attracts the
greatest number of entries and is regarded as the
classic event of a classic tournament, take it from us,
that the event that the chief interest is centred in is
the national amateur championship—in which only
the winners of State championships—or runners-up, in
case the champion can not attend—can compete.
There are many shooters who would give every buffalo
nickel they possess to win a State champion and have
the honor of shooting in this event. This race was
won by Frank N. Troeh, of Vancouver, Wash., who -
broke 99. Three years straight this championship has
been won with 99. Charles Newcombe, of Philagelphia
broke that many targets last year, and Woolfolk
Henderson, of Lexington, Ky., accomplished the feat
the year before. Troeh broke 79 before missing.
Thirty-seven State champions faced the traps: the
representatives of Delaware, Minnesota, New Hamp-
shire, Florida, Mississippi, Oregon, Maine, Montana
and Virginia being among the missing. Seven of the
State champions broke 100 targets in winning the
State title—and it was the opinion of the vast throng
of trapshooters that it would take 100 breaks to win.
A peculiar thing about the week’s shooting it that not a
perfect score was made in any one of the 100-target
competitions.

The professional shots had their own little tourna-
ments daily and these brought out two almost unheard
of shooters, who will be quite prominently mentioned
in professional circles for some time. Homer Clark,
a little shaver, of Alton, IIl., won the final shoot of
the E. C. trophy over a varied assortment of targets,
and also the E. C. trophy for the open title at double
and singles, and then procercee to put up the hig
score every day until the single target championship
was shot for and then Clark was tied by Phil Miller,
of Dallas. Tex., a professional of two months, and on
the shoot-off Miller won. When one hears these
names, sort o’ makes you feel that the veterans are
passing.

~

The solid and stable character of the silver
black fox breeding industry in Canada is
attested by the manner in which Canada’s
fox companies have during the past two years
stood the stress and strain of war conditions,
closed markets and diminished values, says a
writer in the Yarmouth (Nova Scotia) ‘‘Light”’
Not one of the 300 companies engaged in fox
breeding has sought relief in liquidation. On
the ccntrary, they are carrying on their
business at the old stand and increasing their
production from year to year. While tem-
porarily suspending the payment of dividends,
they have increased the numbers of their
breeding stock and added largely to their
productive capacity.

The pioneer silver fox breeders ‘“‘buitded
better than they knew.” They created a

j

579

soe

new industry necessary to commence and
capable of a vast expansion. It is especially
adapted for extension in every one of the
nine provinces of Canada and the ten or
twelve border states of the great American
Republic. Any farm throughout these vast
agricultural regions might profitably add a
fur ranch to its equipment. Fur farming is
an adjunct to agriculture, adds a profitable
factor to the ordinary farm, without displacing
or disturbing any of the ordinary activities.
The grove or wooded lot furnishes the site
and supplies the lumber for ranch construction.
No farmer who adds a fur ranch to his es-
tablishment need keep fewer horses, cattle,
sheep, swine or poultry on that account. A
small ranch will hardly require any addition
to the number of farm help.

ee © heh ee es

—

PO Pe ae ae es ee

2.

ater

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Rees

aks mE DR bd Ui Fi dat olf
580 ROD AND GUN IN CANAI

Mining in Only Two Inches of Ground.
This may sound unreasonable but it is really true.
Did you ever stop to consider what becomes of all

the lead fired from the shells of trapshooters’ guns?
Of course you know trapshooters have the same hunt-
ing grounds week in and week out, that is they don’t
have to wade through marshes, climb hills, go through
forests or otherwise travel the country for their ‘“‘game.”
They go out to the club and shoot Seam Number One
trap this week and perhaps Number Four next week,
and yet the targets they tried to kill at Trap Number
Four will not be two hundred yards from those they
shot at from Trap Number One.

Therefore, the constant shooting over pecially
the same territory makes lead mines, for whether the
aim is good or bad, the lead finally falls to the ground
for it is not like gunning for wild game, where a load
is sometimes shot into your “target” and it keeps on
running.

_Farsighted contractors have seen the business possi-
bilities in eee after’ this reas business. At
Prominent clubs, where many squads shoot every
week, it is only a matter of a few years when it is
profitable for the mining business.

About three years ago, the ground in front of the
traps at the Du Pont Gun Club was “‘mined’”’ and a
pile of lead of twenty-three tons was the result. A

portion of the grounds of a club at Columbus, |
was put through the “‘sieve’’ and twenty-six to
resulted. } i

A year ago a second trip was made to the Du Pont
Club at Wilmington, Delaware and results equal to
the first attempt were obtained. Other club grounds
are undergoing mining treatments. :

The method of securing this lead is simple. Plots
of ground about thirty feet by five feet are skinned
about one and a half incnes deep. This top soil is
then put in piles and allowed to stand for two or three
days until it dries. It is then put into a large, coarse
cylinder sieve that is operated by a gasoline engine,
which gets rid of the earth containing no lead, Then
it is put through a fine sieve and more dirt is removed.
If the earth sticks several screenings are necessary
until only the lead remains. Then the remainder
of the shooting territory is handled in the same man-
ner. While the task may be a little slow, it requires
only a few laboring men to do the job and the price
realized is worth the attempt. On grounds like the
Du Pont club, it takes about sixty pounds of earth
to give off one pound of shot.

Thus at clubs that have three or four traps, and
where the members shoot frequently, and no atten-
tion has ever been paid to the mining business a chance |
for Some money awaits the originator in his locality.

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SNE A

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Put Out Your Camp Fire

_ Editor, ROD AND GUN:— .

My son Tom handed me your ‘Rod and
Gun’ for September to read, and I must say
that for a long time I have not read such
an interesting issue, containing among other
interesting news very readable stories and
valuable and instructive articles on game
and bird protection and the protection of
woods from fire.

I well remember when cruising on the
Pokiok, accompanied by one Thomas Nugent,
a cruiser for Hill & Berry, who owned a large
tract of valuable lumber land and a saw mill
situate on Pokiok Stream in the Parish of
Dumfries, York County, that one night we
camped on the bank of the stream and built
our fire at the butt of an old pine stump.
In the morning after we had eaten our break-
fast Nugent took a tin kettle and started to
put our camp fire out, taking much longer
than I thought was necessary in doing so.
I asked him his reason for being so particular
in pouring so much water on the fire bed,
and he replied, ‘““You do not know what you
are talking about. Don’t you know that the
stump we built our fire at the butt of, has
a large number of trunks or roots which
the fire will follow, and perhaps in a fort-
night’s time the fire will tunnel its way out
to the end of the roots and when the fire finds
its vent it will spread very quickly and in a
short time the whole forest will be in a blaze.”
Hill & Berry were very particular in training
their men how to put out camp fires and the

(|

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!

2 ise
ae ——

| Shanes q

result was that they suffered very little if
any from forest fires.

I would like to see a law enacted com-
pelling fishing parties always to have a guide
accompany them on their excursions and
make them pay the expenses of the guide
and I would have wardens appointed to fol-
low small excursion parties into the well-
known fishing grounds and I would make it
penal for any one to throw their cigarette or
cigar butts or the heel of their pipes into the
bushes or dry leaves.

If this course were followed, it would put
sportsmen on their guard, and prevent a large
number of fires which do such serious damage.

If possible a fire in the woods should be
built on the shore of a river or stream, other-
wise a rock fire place should be put up to
build a fire on, and white birch should be
used, if obtainable, for fuel as it will not
spark and does not produce coals to any
amount to retain the fire.

If bottles or broken glass are allowed to
remain in the bushes they are apt to draw
fire, and many forest fires I am told and
believe are caused by lightning.

‘Rod and Gun’ should be read by every-
one, as its contributors are men of learning,
science and experience, and a large amount
of valuable information and pleasure can be
derived by reading their stories, articles and
contributions.

Yours truly,
Henry B. Rainsford. _
Fredericton, N.B. -

aes Si i ROD AND GUN IN CANADA Se <3)

\ y

$1,000,000 for Furs!

We have a million in cash ready to pay you for your furs. This means safe,
prompt returns. We pay full prices shown on our price list. No deductions
made on pretext of commission, transportation or anything else. Ne one pays
more. If higher prices are quoted beware of deductions. Thousands
of hunters and trappers make sure living by depending on our fair deal-
ings. Farmers who quit others stay with us. Why run risks of losing
a whole season’s work by sending furs to someone you are not sure
of? Remember, $1,000,000 in cash and a thirty-year reputation
are behind our offer. Write today for price list. Then we will
keep you posted on every turn in the fur market, so no one
can mislead you. Originators of Classified Price List. (15)

BECKER BROS. & CO. pepe: €:4:i29w:25th St, New York

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good eating, quick, courteous service and
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One minute’s walk from the Union Station
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A Good Tanning Recipe
Editor, ROD AND GUN:—

Some time ago in your magazine there was
a request for a good tanning recipe. I en-
close what I think is the most simple and
effective possible. I have a leopard skin
tanned by it in the wilds of Africa, so well
done that when taken to a taxidermist for
mounting his first remark was, “The man
that tanned that, knows what is wanted
and understands his business.”” I hope some
of your readers may try it and later make
known their experience.

A Furst Class Tan.

11% pounds coarse salt.

1 gill sulphuric acid.

1 pail soft water.

Put in salt first and mix well;
in the acid.

To Preserve—

Spread the skin, remove all flesh or fat.
Put on two or three coats on flesh side.
Allow a day or two between each dressing.
To Tan—

Leave in the pickle about two weeks. The

then put

The results of the
UMC Gopher Shooting Contest inaugurated
throughout the Prairie Provinces in May
last and continuing until July 10th, with the

Grand Remington

co-operation of the hardware dealers, are
now announced. Amongst the hundreds of
contestants, the name of Mr. Colon LePage
shines out as the supreme winner and no
little benefactor to his country. Mr. LePage
shot 2,879 Gophers with Remington UMC
-22 ammunition and this is a remarkable score
considering the short term of the Contest.
Mr. LePage not only captures the first prize
offered in the Local Contest held under the
auspices of Mr. Geo. McIntosh, Hardware
Dealer, of Vonda, Sask., but he also wins
the Grand Western Champion Shot Prize
of a 12 Gauge Pump Gun donated by the
Remington Arms Metallic Cartridge Com-
pany, of Windsor, Ontario.

The second largest score of the Contest is
announced to be Mr.J. R. Moon’s of Didsbury,
Alta., with a score of 2,805 dead Gophers,
and the third largest winner was Mr. Harold
Brackette, of Medicine Hat, Alta., with a
score of 2,087.

In all it is believed that over 300, 000
Gophers met their doom in this grand “drive”
and the hardware dealers and the young

head aha pean "ines. ¥ weeks,

The skull should be boiled to clean i *
properly. >
Yours trul :
Geo. Sanderson.

Kingston, Ont.

A Letter from Belgium
Editor, ROD AND GUN :—

Dear Sir:—

Just a note to let your know that Rod and
Gun reaches me safely in this unfortunate
country. I look forward to it and I enjoy it.

It breathes of the life that I long to return
to. The pure exhilarating air of the prairie;
the solitude of the foothills; the ever changin
panorama of the™ Rockies: the cool crysta
mountain streams of Alberta, instead of the
foul sluggish canals of this _water-logged
country. “a

Your magazine is doubly welcome because
it recalls the past and makes us forget the |
present.

Sincerely, .

Belgium. Js Ne Gunn, Major. |

people of the West who took part in the Con-
test are to be congratulated on this notable
decrease in the numbers of a most insidious -
enemy. :

Some curious and interesting obser-
vations upon the psychological effect pro-
duced on animals by the detonations of big
guns have been recently made. The animals —
considered are the horses and dogs used for
military purposes, and the game in the area
of warfare. It was noticed soon after the
beginning of the war that the latter began
to migrate into Luxemburg, Switzerland, and
the portions of France and Belgium not the
seat of hostilities.

The first to flee was the “black game” (a
term which includes the wild boar, the badger,
and the bear,) whose senses are specially —
acute. Then the roebuck and the red deer
followed; but, strange to say, the hare, whose
timidity is proverbial, continued to occupy —
its usual territory. The larger birds likewise,
such as the grouse, the pheasant, the sea-_
eagle, and the wild duck were driven awa
by the heavy firing. rif

Strange to say, the wolf, which was e
pected to regain lost ground in the present
has shown itself very gun-shy. Anothel

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and their agents. This recommendation is a guarantee of the educational value of
these works.

thera. BC. of, Motor Car Operation ...:...:.-...... 50c

; The A. B. C. of Internal Combustion Engine, Mainten-
PU BREE ETE TEI Se GA Dae anna ea 25c
The A. B. C. of Magneto Ignition Systems ............ 15c
The A. B.C of Battery Ignition Systems.............. rasan

The A. B. C. of Aerial Navigation, a work that is
ERE ee ee ease Oh Sek sg a'ee sce ite 50c

(In this book, the Engineering Science as applied to Construction
of Aerial Craft and the Essential Principles Governing Aviators are
Summarized).

Address all orders to

W. J. TAYLOR, LTD., Publisher, Woodstock, Ontario

A ees ahh 8! ee VP tans 6 site h) ty Bia Me Loe Ta Lio ual

‘lak Sy a ett se ; 5),
Reg MAW alist » aad ag hy 42 a i} ey Ej a
584 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

curious fact is that the song-birds, such as the
lark, the thrush, and the finch, have not been
driven away by the thunder of the cannon,
and continue to hold their nests and sing
their songs in their accustomed haunts. Other
birds which remain unfrightened are various
kinds of owls, falcons, sparrow-hawks, crows,
etc.

Just what the secret of the firefly’s light
is the scientists have not as yet discovered,
Says a writer in the Scientific Monthly. Three
necessary factors have been found—water,
oxygen and a photogenic or light-producmng
sul stance; but a fourth is probably involved
which has thus far defied all research. The
ch.ldren say it is the fairy lamplighter, whose
wand lights the little lamps that add so much
to the beauty of the Summer’s night. How-
ever, a method has been evolved of extracting
and drying the light-producting organs ot the
firefly without impairing the power of the
substance to phosphoresce.

The dried material may be extracted with
water-free solvents. It is ground up into a
powder, and water containing oxvgen is added,
_ which givesthe golden glow without the as-
sistance of either the firefly’s will or the
fairy’s wand.

The visitor was being shown about by
the head of the up-to-date business house.

“Who is that dapper youth at the glass-.

topped desk?’ he asked. “That is the
superintendent of the card index system.
He keeps an index showing where the index
eases are.” ““Who is the young man with the
grey gaiters and the efficient ears?” “He
keeps an index showing the length of time
it takes to index the indexes.’”’ ‘“‘Who is the
girl with the golden hair?’ She decides under
what index an index to the index of the filing
cabinets shall be placed.’ ‘‘And who is the
grey-haired man at the disordered desk in the
corner?” “Oh, that’s old Joggs. He doesn’t
fit in very well with the rest of the office, but
I have to keep him around. He’s the only
employe who can find important papers when
I want them in a hurry.”

Big game hunting opened in Quebec on
September first and from Montreal and all
the big centres men hastened into'the wilder-
ness with guns and camp outfits after deer,
moose and the game birds. Again the ques-
tion as to whether the season does not open
too early in that Province for deer and moose
is open for discussion. Every year the
Society for the Protection of Fish and Game
reports that carcasses of these animals are
rotting in the woods from wh'ch the hunters
have been unable to bring them owing to the
warm weather. Of what use is it to anyone
to slaughter these splendid beasts, when, as it
often happens, even the hides cannot be
saved? Word has come down from the big
bush that game is more plentiful this year
than for many years, on account of the forest
fires, which have driven the animals much
nearer to civilization than ever before. In
consequence we may expect a greater slaugh-
ter than ever, and, as an equal consequence
a shortage in years to come. This constant
drain upon the magnificent game supply which

Nature has provided in this Province cannot —
continue indefinitely. Each year the organ-
izations which make it their business to look
after the enforcement of their game laws
protest that these laws are altogether tou lax
and are too often disregarded. Why should
the wild life of Quebec get less protection than
that of neighboring provinces? There can be
only one result to this continual wastage and
that is depletion. Must we wait till it is too
late before anything is done?

The practicability of raising Persian lambs
in this country has been proved by G. W.
Johnston of Plymouth township, Ont., who
has made a successful experiment with Karacul
sheep, commercially known as “Persian”
lambs. A year ago Mr. Johnston took initial
steps in this new business, and this spring his
fourteen Karacul ewes gave birth to fifteen
lambs, all of which were covered with the
glossy curl so essential from a commercial
standpoint. To secure best returns the lamb
must be slaughtered at from one to three cae
old, the fleece being then in small, tight curls,
which loosen each day later, thereby de-
teriorating in value. Desiring rather to in-
crease his stock, none of the lambs of this year
were sacrificed, and in addition an imported
pure-bred yearling male has recently been
purchased.

On August 28th, Sir Joseph Pope, Canadian
Under Secretary for External Affairs, and
A. W. Found, Canadian Superintendent of
Fisheries, called at the State Department at
Washington and arranged with Secretary
Lansing for a conference between Mr. Found |
and Hugh M. Smith, the United States
Fisheries Commissioner, in an effort to adjust
differences which have arisen between Cana-
dian fishermen on the northwest coast and the
British Columbia authorities. The fishermen
object because they are required, as a con-
dition to fishing in Canadian waters, to ship
their catches via British Columbia.

Nature intended the butcher bird for an
insect hunter, says a writer in the Philadel-
phia American. His inventive mind atoned
for the absence of natural implements for his
trade, and years of practice have made him
expert. So when he catches field mice, moles
or English sparrows, he hangs his victims on
thorns, sharp twigs and barbed-wire fences
to tear them in bits. He’s the loggerhead
shrike.

He has to do this because nature, modeling
him for a hunter of beetles, moths and cater-
pillars, failed to give him sharp claws. So his
only efficient implement, for the mice and
moles is his hooked beak. To use it, he hangs
his victims and then operates.

Sometimes he’s called the butcher bird.
Also he’s known in the South as the “‘French
mockingbird,” from the resemblance in cos-
tume to the real mockingbird—a combination
of grey, black and white. But the re-
semblance stops there. The shrike can no,
more sing like the mockingbird than the
mockingbird can butcher like the shrike. His
notes are harsh and as lacking in music as an
automobile horn with influenza.

te

ROD AND GUN IN«CANADA 685

emember this—we pay HIGHER prices for your FURS
than any other house—and

WE CHARGE NO COMMISSION

Send us a trial shipment today—let us PROVE our claims to
you. Our higher prices, liberal grading and fair dealings
have made us the Fastest Growing Fur House in America.
Send for FUR price list and particulars of our great FREE
GIFT to trappers’. Don’t wait—write TODAY. :

HILL BROS. FUR CO. st totis! wo:

SILVER
YOUR BULLETS

WILL HELP THE ‘“‘OLD COUNTRY”
and you get the WORLD’S BEST
GUN when you BUY A GREENER.

Greener Guns are made in the most
completely equipped Sporting Gun Factory
in the World by All-British labor under
the supervision of Sportsmen-Gunmakers,
who know by experience JUST WHAT YOU WANT-—Satisfaction
is guaranteed. You get a gun with “life” in it, a weapon you will
“Jove” and hand down to your grandson as a “real killer”.

Don’t buy a piece of metal and wood, a ‘‘courtesy” gun built
by the mile and cut off by the yard—get a real gun—A Greener,
and get it NOW. “Empire” $65.00. Others up to $1000.00.

CATALOGUE AND BOOKLET R.2 FREE.

W. W. Greener *°:,w%gse: Actes B"2'« Montreal, P.Q.
ies inane ct VEER ep aet. Haests Se ees uty
——=WE OUTFIT CAMPING PARTIES—

There are several excellent Canoe Trips in Ontario, of which we can furnish serviceable
charts, as well as providing the Provisions, Tents, Utensils, Blankets and General Outfit.

For upwards of a quarter of a century, it has been a special feature of our business to outfit
Camping Parties, and we know the requirements thoroughly and invite inquiries,

MICHIE & CO., LIMITED, - Established 1835 - 7 KING ST. W. TORONTO

|
Bik Targets and Traps
_ |
eke | foe tase Canadian Blaekbird Targets.
a sie pg | , (NELSON LONG All black, $5.25 per M. White
wheels, HAMILTON or Yellow banded targets,
cutwaters | \ Ses ¥f/ $5.50 perM. Will paint them
M A R { N aud | \ f any other color you weet, te extra
supplies. perthousand. Western Automatic
M oO a (e) R Ss = Traps. Bewron Expert Traps.
more power = less fuel Write for

NELSON LONE, 441 Mary St.

|
Catalog M. }
HAMILTON, ONT.

Foreman Motor & Maehine Co., Ltd., Toronto, Can

EXCHANGE DEPT.

ACCESSORIES

FOR SALE—Set of Electric automobile lamps, two side
and one tail. Never been used. Box L. ROD AND GUN,
Woodstock, Ontario. TF

ANTIQUE FIREARMS

ANTIQUE pistols, blunderbus-

ses, cross bows, fine perfect.
Armour, swords, daggers. No
catalog. Good photos. State
requirements. len, The Fa-
cade, Charing Cross, London,
Eng. 12°25
BIRDS AND ANIMALS.
also

FOR SALE—Best uality ranch: raised mink,
Canada wild geese. re tases Waldron, Tyne Valley, Prince
Edward Island. J 6T

FOR SALE.—Fine dark northern ranch raised mink;
scentless skunks, trained ferrets, both colors. pheasants.
Why not buy the best. B. Tippman, La uae)

“FOR SALE.
Callers, get reaay for your yall ‘shooting, cD) 2.50 pair, $3.50
trio. Mrs. O. R. Pearce, (Legwee Bay Club), Chatham,
Ont. (Box 164.) 10 Mak

WE HAVE FOR SALE a quantity of nine months’ old
trout. Very finest quality. A splendid chance for person
Baviting same. Apply O. J. Walker, Inglewood, x ona

$175.00 WILL BUY an silver gray foxes both bitches
and one red fox-dog—all spring pups. Fred Lawrence
Jacksonboro, Ont. 10 1TF

FERRETS—Buy Canadian ferrets; save 3216% duty.
Either color, size or sex; any quantity. Dealers also sup-
plied. A grand lot of pedigreed English Beagle Hounds
trained, ready to train, and puppies. Bargain prices this
month. 3c. stamp for reply. L. W. Murray, Harrow,
Ont. LOSI

DOGS.

FOR Ba ck ae ch high class Irish - Water
Bpenicls 5 months old hampion Imported Bally-
aller Mike ex Lady Venus ate litter sister to Hooker Oak
Hogan, winner at the last San Francisco Show. What
better do you want. Get busy. Guaranteed. H. R.
French, Wetaskiwin, Alta.

FOR SALE—Splendid Llewellin. English, Irish, Gordon

setter pups and trained dogs, pointers, s aniels and re-
trievers in pups and trained dogs. Enclose stamp for
description. Thoroughbred Kennels, Atlantic, Iowa. tf

TRAINED HOUNDS—Norwegian bearhounds,
Irish wolf hounds . Blood hounds, Foxhounds,
Deer, Cat, Wolf and Coon dogs. Absolute guar-
antee, trial allowed, purchaser alone to judge, no
Epteshions asked, money refunded. Fifty-page
illustrated catalogue five-cent stamp. Rookwood
Kennels, Lexington, Ky. 12 tf

The Blue Grass Farm Kennels of Berry, Ky., offer for
sale setters and pointers, fox and cat houn 8, wolf and deer
hounds, coon and opossum hounds, varmint and rabbit
hounds, bear and hon hounds. Also Airedale terriers.
Ali dogs shipped on trial, purchaser alone to judge the

Satisfaction guaranteed, or money refunded.

ity.
36 page illustrated, instructive and interesting catalogue a!
t

ten cents in stamps or coin.

FOR SALE, WANT AND

Advertisements will be
inserted in this Department
at 4c. a word. Send re-
mittance with order. Copy
should not be later than
the 10th of the month.

BOOK ON

DOG DISEASES
And How to Feed

Mailed free to any address by
the Author

H. CLAY GLOVER CO., Inc.

America’s
Pioneer :

Eczema, ear canker,’goitre,cured. No charge.
Write for particulars describing the trouble
Eczema Remedy Company, Hot Springs, Arx. 10TF

MINERALINE—A thoroughly tested remedy aon
mange, eczema and ear canker, Price 50c. pre
Concordia Kennels, Concord, Mass. pad

AIREDALES FOR paige tiem ey detec high class»
puppies ready for dal eth sire, Stormy-Weather, dam, ..

to) el-

Topsy-Tw Write for booklet if interested. B
bank, Quill Lake, Sask.

FOR SALE.—One Harrier 14 months’ old and one ~
fostound pup 8 months’ old.

Moles, farm raised. Appl a
John A. Riggs, Merton, Ont. 10 ir &
\

PEDIGREED ENGLISH BEAGLES seven months’ a
old, ready to train, bred from best hunting strains, price a
$15.00 each, either sex. R.A. Richardson, Chatham, hae

FOR SALE. —Chesapeake puppies. Sired by Joe “B”
The Dam, Felt’s ‘‘Biuebell” Bhuebell’s Sire is Tony “T” ::
shown on Page 428 September number of this mae
Finest registeredgstock, prices reasonable. H. L. Felt,
Findlater, Sask. 2

FOR SALE.—Pedigreed Airedale pups, ten weeks’ oe
6 dogs and 2 bitches. Jno. Buchan, Bright, Ont. 101

FOR SALE.—2 trained beagles, 2 years old, racy built, j
steady, fast workers, none better. R. Long, Elmira, Ont.

FOR SALE—6 Foxhounds, broken on Deer, Fox and
Rabbits, poe $10 to $20. 2 Boston Terrier Dogs, one
year o ld, Brood Bitch, 2 years, in whelp to Champion. ~
GH: ites, Waterloo, Ont.

FOR SALE.—Trained rabbit, fox and deer hounds.
Beagie and. fox hound pups, $3.00. Herman Fischer,
Waterloo, Ont. 101T

AIREDALES and duck retrievers now for sale, bred in B
their natural environment and from the best thorouge aa
stock. Canuck Kennels, Lindsay, Ont. 101s

COONHOUNDS, Deerhounds, Rabbithounds, Fox and
Wolfhounds, good lookers and good workers, Walker and |
July strains. Trained and untrained. Ten days’ trial
allowed. J. E. Adams, Herrick, II. x :

FOR SALE—Beagle pups and grown oo from best —
hunting stock. Stamps for reply. W. F. Hardy, West ~
Montrose, Ont. 10: 1D

7

FOR SALE.—Rabbit hounds, the hunting strain. Few
pups left. Also ferrets for sale, either color. Get Bh | a
now. I.. Walters, Norwich, Ont. 10.2553

I HAVE A FEW more young rabbit dogs and coon dogs”
at a very low price for sale. F. W. Probst, Box 60, Li

wood, Ont. 101 ues igi

FOR SALE.—English Beagle, winner of first and twee
thirds at Toronto Exhibition: good in rabbits, nea our.
years old. W. M. Gray, Dunnville, Ont. 0

hree and

s stating h ete hae

ars stating horse power required, to box L.

D GUN, Woodstock, Ont. F TF

FOR SALE—23ft. Semi-speed launch, beam 4 feet
3 inches, finished ready for engine. This is a new launch,

now ready for delivery. For further particulars, etc.,
write Box F. Rod and Gun, Woodstock, Ont. tf

FOR SALE—Semi Speed Square, or Round Transom
and Compromise stern Hulls, finished ready for engine, up
to 30 ft. length. New. Will sell cheap. Box A. Rod and
Gun in Canada. Woodstock, Ont. TF

FISHING TACKLE.

NAUTO AUTOMATIC BAI! (Guise Pat.) Any purchaser
preferring the New Registered ‘‘Nauto’’ .Tail Spinning
Model (which is giving great satisfaction) can have his old
one replaced if returned within a reasonable time. THE
GUSTO COMPANY, 28 HARCOURT AVE., TORONTO.

FOR SALE—Several Fly and Trolling Rods, absolutely
new. Will sell cheap. Box L. ROD AND GUN,
Woodstock, Ont. TF

MAKE YOUR OWN PLIES to fish with.

Let me show

you how. Write W. R. Taylor, 16 ave. East Burnaby,
New Westminster, B. C. SLE

GUNS
FOR SALE—Brand New 1911 Model Winchester Auto-
matic 12 guage shot gun. Six shots, straight stock, full
choke. egular $55. Will sell for $42. Guaranteed in

as perfect condition as the day it left the factory. Box 70,
Rod and Gun, Woodstuck, Out.
GUNNERS—A BARGAIN.—Miullins. sheet metal

“Bastle Duck Boat,” 46 inch beam, 14 ft. long with stand-
ards for attaching grass blinds, 1 pair oars, p paddle. 1 pole,
canvas gunwale and keeper, also two-wheeled cart for con-
veving boat. Everything is new shape. Cost over $50.00,

sell for $30.00. 1 doz. Mallard, 1 doz. Redhead,
20 Blue Bill wood decoys, carved and painted bya profes-
sional, absolutely in new condition. Half males and fe-
males. Price 65 cents each. The duck shooter wishinga
bargain will buy these now. Robt. Hodgson, Raglan, Ont.

FOR SALE.—Savage 22 High Power rifle. Two ~(2)
Marbles Auxilary Cartridges for using 22 short, long or
long rifle cartricges. Guaranteed in perfect condition;
have not fired over 50 rounds. Price $20.00. Dr. S. G.
MacKenzie, P. O. Box 209, Truro, N. S 101T

SALE OF EXCHANGE.—Ross—.303 Special Match
Rifle, perfect condition, 500 rounds ammunition, Peep
sights, carrying case, cleaning outfit Cost $89.00. a snap
at $40. Would exchange for Graflex camera or best offer.
T. M. Asselstine, Kingston, Ont.

rice
Cum.
10%
SPECIALS b.
ECZEMA— Psoriasis, cancer, goitre, fetter

old sores, catarrh, dandruff, sore
eyes, rheumatism, neuralgia, stiff joints, piles, cured or
no charge. Write for particulars and free sample. Eczema —
Remedy Co., Hot Springs, Ark. 10 TF

FOR SALE—Several Beers Thermostats. This is an
automatic apparatus for opening and closing the dampers of —
your furnace, hot water heater, or steam boiler, at exactly
the moment when they should be opened or closed. thus
keeping the temperature of your house uniform through
every hour of the day and night. Savescoal. Saves worry.
These Thermostats can be installed by anyone who can
handle a hammer. screw driver and auger. Write for fur-
nee particulars to Box L., ROD AND GUN, Woods

nt.

FOR SALE—Finest speckled trout eggs, fry, fingerlings,
etc., at the private hatchery of Dr. A. R. Robinson, Silver
Creek, Caledon. Address, A. R. Robinson, Claude, Ont.

FOR SALE.—Army saddle, fine conuition, $10. AL
Talbot, Tessierville, Que. 10T

MEDICINAL PLANTS.—tThis book tells you the last
word about gathering roots and herbs used in preparing
Medicines, Perfumes, Dye stuffs and Coloring. Market |
prices and address of buyers. Post paid, only 20c.Forest
Product Co., West Milan, N. H. 10

FOR SALE—One of the best known wholesale and retail
bait manufacturing businesses in America. Hundreds
of dollars worth of orders on hand. Will sell for less than
profits. A few hundred dollars placed in this business wi
pay well. No time to answer curiosity seekers, so do not
answer unless you are prepared to act if proof is furnished.
Lock Box No. 241, Stanwood,lowa.

FOR BIG GAME HUNTING AND ALPINING in the
mountains of Central British .Columbia; by pack train.
Joe La Pye

You are sure of good sport in my section.
Mountaineer, Hunter and Guide. McBride, B. C.

PRINCE GEORGE

TORONTO - ~- CANADA

Magnificiently Furnished. Liberally. Conducted.
Cuisine unexcelled. Courteous and Prompt Service.
European Pian. American Plan.

SAMUEL H. THOMPSON, Proprietor

For Every Camper—Fisherman—Hunter

Fisherman and Hunter.

436 Pages. Pocket Size.

_ W. J. TAYLOR, LTD., Publisher

THE WAY OF THE WOODS

A Manual for Sportsmen in North-Eastern
United States and Canada. . .

By EDWARD BRECK

A PRACTICAL Field Manual intended to form a part of the kit of every Camper,

r It contains concise, thorough and authoritative information on

. every subject connected with life in the Woods, such as Outfitting, Fishing, Shooting,
Canoeing, Tenting, Trapping, Photography, Cooking, Hygiene, Etc.

“Excellent practical directions and advice.’”’-—N. Y. Sun.

80 Illustrations.

Price $1.75 Post Paid.
- Woodstock, Ont.

ead

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

vA OTTtTtTtTT_ixttititiiiit icici cknKnih a i" | |

ON ae A ws TS aey Pe LS Fe a ae re “BH so

ou
oo
~

me |

|

———————o
- | Although Prices have greatly advanced SideMipl da
on FIREARMS and AMMUNITION last advance

H and take pleas-
_ | we are selling a lot of | eid gle

Guns, Rifles “

It will pay you
to write or call

and Ammunition at us before

purchasing,

Less Than Wholesale Prices phone Maing517

Lion Sporting Goods Co.,

429 Yonge Street - - - TORONTO, Ontario

QA

SP

aT ‘cnc

com> A NEW PREMIUM OFFER <==

An Opportunity to secure FREE a Beautiful Oil Painting

» We have the originals of the oil paintings executed by our cover design
artist, F. V. Williams, during the past year and have decided to give our sub-
scribers the opportunity of securing one of these FREE. Mr. Williams excells
in reproductions of Big Game Hunting, Canoeing, Fishing, Camping, etc. and
his cover designs reproduce with skill and fidelity Canadian outdoor life in its
varied phases.

Your Den’s Attractiveness May Be Greatly Enhanced by One of These

The paintings are of generous proportions being 19 in. deep by 14 in. in
width. The reproductions give a hint as to the coloring and quality of the
work but no reproduction can of course compare with the original painting.
The original of any one of the paintings which Mr. Williams has done for us as
a as the original of the December and subsequent covers may be procured

y you

For Twenty-Five New Subscriptions 9

Look through your fyles for the past year and choose the design that 4

‘ appeals to you most. Then write us without delay of your selection and at .
the same time ask for sample copies and subscription blanks which will be sent
you promptly. Interest your friends in Rod and Gun as a Christmas gift.
You should be able to secure a nice number of subscriptions from sportsmen
who would like to remember their friends by sending them a year’s subscrip-
tion'to ROD AND GUN, Canada’s leading magazine of outdoor life.

Address your application for copies and blanks to

Premium Dept. | Rod and Gun in Canada © Woodstock, Ont.

5

®

ROD »‘GUN

IN -CANADA

NOVEMBER, 1916 FIFTEEN CENTS

| “The Convert’

—Sleeping Bags

For Camp, Trail or Motoring

LIGHT - DURABLE - WATERPROOF

A robe you can use for a dozen purposes.
A robe that has been tried out and in
hundreds of cases has proven its super-
iority over other makes and brands. The
biggest value for the money and greater
ale than you can get for two or three
times the price in other makes.

It is a regular occurrence for us to
receive letters of this ‘nature:

Winnipeg, Man., Jan. 135. 1914.
Smart Woods, Ltd.,
Ottawa, Ont.

Dear Sirs:—In reference to your Eiderdown
Robes; I had one which has been in use for four-
teen years in the Yukon and Alaska ;Territories.
I have used it with nothing except a few small
spruce boughs to keep it off the snow—in tem-
peratures as low as 50 and 60 degrees in the open
and have felt no inconvenience whatever. I con-
sider it better than a fur robe as it is lighter, strong-
er, cleaner and cheaper. A wolf robe 90 x 90
inches would cost $150 to $200, weigh twice as
much and not last half as long. A Lynx Robe
is as warm, probably lighter but has to be very
carefully taken care of. A Lynx Robe of the
same size could not be purchased for less than $400.

I don’t think any robe can be compared with
your eiderdown and would say, “that by anyone
who has ever used them in extreme temperatures
they are considered as “LEGAL TENDER.”

Yours truly,
R. S. Inkster.

-:- WRITE FOR FURTHER INFORMATION TODAY

SMART-WOODS

LEMITED CANADA

— Universal Providers To The British Empire —
OTTAWA, MONTREAL, TORONTO, WINNIPEG

J

7

Eiderdown Sleeping Robe

- SS e S i!
————~ ——_*”
Arctic Brand Sleeping Bags

= 5 ae

J

i i

Woodstock, Ontario, November, 1916

Publishers are warned not to reprint contents, whollp or in part, without full credit attached.

NO gee She - es ae,
Budd.... Ske A weeewean Stevinson
Moose Meat for “Morrison's ‘Mine... dah eA ee ie SE, OW ane
Nothing Unusual for Central B. pane Raa TONE RANE AIRC RA EDM E REE
Highways of The North... ee Man a ee Fullerton
Hunting Big Game in The “Selkirks.... Sd ee ames ra? Genre sarmeer
SIUC! RIAU YT Gk: STAT RIE cee es gee OD, alearasie Sous Coste tate Uaeeeemaeee
The Crevice in The Barn... Sie Ppp fo Reem ME IAN ecu enw Mame |) Hie) for) TT
Fowling and Modern English. UAE cok sda Mes aes Aadeg alacae le Gaus ER, ee a
The Convert... PET pe OM an ot ah, us sian sta" kate Sits code bccn bral a) ae Re EEE
A Close Call. mapuaST A AENMCE tag PE AREAT OLSEN eg hon Me ami
' Bear Hunting ‘Where Old ‘Eouis Ta “eee ah gene! Po) sReOuee
Invigorating Laurentians... ee eel RR ford hi Slag se ie en
Moose Calling on the Spanish iver. vecueseeaeW. Edwin Troup
An October Morning on the Lake andi in 1 The ‘Woods. Betty B.-Hall
_World’s Largest Buffalo Herd is in Canada at Wainwright Park, Alta...
_” ‘Matters Pertaining to Conservation

Fishing Notes... BN eta ee Bio ner phere Page TL anenes
Guns and Reremmtione.

Arms That Helped to Shove the Frontier off the Magen A. Haines
Ris maser RTE eos OE hs RR re a ee ee ee

Let ’er Rain Glen hs parker Fuller
Hunting Gossip from Northern Quebec oie... coc ccs cece sees cscs cscs case cose sees cate ease ene
Kennel... ney

Along the ‘Trap Danek BE aE ail a NES 9 Viet Ce SOE eet a CTIA eC, AL 2
The Pras Nk pe LOPE aD ARAVA ge a ae Uy ee Oi EAT RU MENTS Ee A

va

SUBSCRIPTION PRICE to any address in Canada, Great Britain or in the United States $1.50
foreign countries 50c extra. Single copies 15 cts. All subscriptions are payable in advance.

REMITTANCES should be made by P. O. or express money orders, bank checks or registered
letters ; if by check, exchange must be included

CHANGE OF ADDRESS. Whena chance of address is ordered, both the new and the old
addresses must be given.

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said calmly.

Jean Stevinson

UDD was in love. Why he want-

ed to fall into such a state

when he had a pretty sister
keeping house for him only the old
Harry knew, and he hadn’t seen
fit to tell anyone.

At any rate, Budd was in love,
and the tooth brush, and the shoe
brush, and the hair brush, and the
shaving brush were quite worn out
trying to keep up with his demands.

“Bless me!’ Mildred laughed,
*You're not going to brush your
new tan shoes, are you, Budd?”

“Yes, siree!’? Budd retorted. “If
your feet stuck out like mine when
I’m fiddling for the dance you’d
oe your boots a little more your-
se

“So you’re fiddling to-night?”

“You bet, and I’ve no time to
_ lose, either.”’

Budd slapped on his cap, grabbed
his violin and made a dive for the
door. Once outside he took a fly-
ing leap into a pan of water Mildred
had been catching from the roof.

“Thunder and_ lightning!’ he
ground out, “now I’m in a nice kettle
of fish!’ :

“It’s only the dish pan,’’ Mildred
“You'll have to change

your boots. Your old _ black ones
will look better anyway.’

Budd set his teeth, returned to
the house and changed his shoes.
How thankful he was to be for this
change as yet he could not know.

“Budd,” Mildred said earnestly,
“Sf there is any hint of wolves you
will not try to come back till morn-
ing, will you?”

‘Gosh, Mildred!’ Budd answered
dnaoek ‘“‘wolves! what a gilly you
are!”’

“Gilly admitted, Budd,’’ Mildred
answered evenly, “but you know
what a long, bitter winter we have
had, and you know the disease that
has killed off the rabbits. By this
time the wolves will be desperate.”

Budd plunged through the door
once more, avoided the dish pan,
and set off on the run, feeling quite
too sophisticated to answer his sis-
ter’s question.

Now do not get it into your head
that Budd was a boor and his sister
an angel. They were really boon
companions and chums, only Budd
was in a hurry. Moreover, he was
in love. When he struck the trai
for his three-mile tramp through the
woods Mildred closed and bolted the

590

heavy door, then sat down by the
cosy fire to write some letters.

“Poor old Budd!’ she confided to
herself. ‘‘I suppose I’ve partly lost
him now. However,” and her face
brightened again, “when a window
closes a door opens.”” Then she set
to work at a particularly long letter
beginning ‘“Dear Jim.”

Budd meanwhile was flying on
wings, rather on the soles of his
trusty old leather boots, along
the trail to the schoolhouse where
he would meet her. The world seem-
ed floating just then in a filmy pink
cloud made up into a dancing frock,
and inside the frock was Maid Mar-
ian. Budd was swinging along ata
steady pace now, his blood pumping
joyously through his young veins
as he hummed over the tunes he
would play at the dance. A mile
down the trail he came to an over-
grown path leading off to an old
Hudson Bay trading post. It had
long been in disuse, and the roof
had fallen in from repeated burdens
of heavy snow. The log walls, how-
ever, were firm and strong as ever,
and the great door, that swung in-
ward on its heavy hinges, had a
good spring lock. One small win-
dow was cut high up on each side,
more for the purpose of supplying
loopholes in case of Indian raids
than for the purpose of giving light.
A man’s body, moreover, could not
possibly be squeezed through. All
these things Budd saw ina flash as
he swung past the overgrown path.
Many a time had he explored the
place, and knew every twig and stone
that lay around. He knew, too,
whence the fallen roof had gone.
It had gone up in smoke, for many
a hilarious bon-fire had been fed
from its weatherbeaten boards.

Now, however, Budd did not pause.
He hurried on.

“Drat the shoes!” he muttered
as his thoughts dropped a moment
from the filmy cloud.

“Budd! Budd! Oh, Budd!” he heard
long before he emerged from the
shadowy trail.

Soon they were in the thick of the
dance—a waltz, a schottische, a two-
step, a one-step ; higgledy-piggledy
he changed the time to suit himself.

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

on wre Ge 7 Ti, Pee vo is
ety Fit oe if, HATA wt y LA

Gime Uke Ae Ba

2nd ‘ ao
pi pe Hi
1 OFT Ae a

Maid Marian cast laughing eyes at

him, and whirled by in her pink
dress. Budd struck up, “Drink to
me only with thine eyes,” making
dreamy waltz time of the exquisite
music. Maid Marian’s eyes glow-
ed. Budd watched her, and she read
from his eyes. At intervals she ans-
wered. Twelve o’clock came, one,
two, and some of the girls spoke of
going home. ‘Waltz me around
again, Willee!’’ the violin coaxed,
and another number was danced out.
At length they had to go. ‘“‘Good-
bye, Good-bye,” the girls and boys
called to each other as they slid off
with sleigh-bells jingling. Budd was
alone, but that did not worry him.
He was jubilant. He knew she would
say yes when he asked her. The
only drawback now was his lack of
ready cash. Of course that did not
matter much, but— ;

*““My God! what was that?” Away
over the forest top he heard a sound
that turned his heart to ice. The
wolves! They must have been bay-
ing before the crowd left the school-
house, but in the laughter and good-
byes no one had heard. The sound
was growing. ‘“‘Oo00-ow-wow-wow!”
came sharply along the wind. Budd’s
thought sprang to Maid Marian.
She was driving with her brothers,
and their team must travel a skid
road, rough and tortuous. Even
then, had he known, the hungry
brutes were after the sleigh. The
ponies knew—oh, they knew all right,
and plunged ahead like the game little
team they were.

“On, Sue! On, Neddie, on!’ urged
the boys. Why had they brought
no gun? For weeks the wolves had
been the cause of nervous joking.
They might have known. Now it
was too late for jokes. “They are
nearly on us!’ Tom whispered hoarse-
ly, “Marian, we can’t make it!”

“Yes, yes, we must!’ Marian said
quickly. “Halfamile, Fred. Mother
may have heard and got a fire on.”
The wolves were leaping on, the
leader now only fifty yards behind
the sleigh. He was gaining, gain-
ing. Suddenly Marian’s hand touch-
ed a long, heavy logging chain that

lay in the back of the sleigh. Quick-
er than thought she flung it to the —

ti b) SOS

ee ee a’

A

CE ai Se
wae oe es if.
_ road behind, keeping tight hold of
one end. The chain clanked and
dragged along, and the unusual noise
seared the loping wolves, for they
slowed up. The chain continued to
clank and rattle. and the hungry
beasts still shied at it. Then the
leader grew bolder. He made a leap
and bit at it, then jumped aside,
and the pack came on, but wavered.
This thing was new to them; it
_ might be a trap ; yet on they came,
-_ leaping sidewise, slinking through the
trees, jumping back and coming on.
Three were now running even with
the chain. They were gaining. One
‘g was making for a spring, when “Oh,
glory, glory!’ burst from the girl,
and “Hip, hip, horray!’ bellowed
the boys, for there ahead of them,
as they rounded the last curve of
the forest road, was a great roaring
bonfire, and before it, piling on fresh
cedar boughs, was their little white-
_ faced mother. She gave-one sob as
the maddened ponies plunged into
view and brought her back all she
owned from the jaws of death. Then
the grey shadowy forms faded from
a the light of the fr and the danger
Re _was over for a little while.
4 But now the wolves had got scent
of Budd. Run, Budd run! Why do
x you hang onto your fiddle? Fling
” it and run. Clutch it, then, and
3 run as you can, but run, run for
_ your life! They are after you, thev
are coming closer. ‘‘Oo00-wow-ow-
--ow!” See, your hair is beginning to
stand up on your icy scalp. Run
faster! faster!

B indly Budd runs on; his foot feels
every twig, every slone. every lump
ofearth. What about your old boots
now, Budd? Your life depends on
your hoots. Run, run! One stum-
ble and you’re gone. They’re after
you—*‘Ooo00-wow-ow-ow!”’ Only half
a mile behind, and-they’re gaining,
gaining. You can’t get there, Budd.
Oh, Budd, you can’t make it home,
and life is so sweet just now. The
wail of the wolves is changing. It
- sounds triumphant as they spread
out for a concerted attack. You
are gasping, you are nearly done
Budd, but look, look! the path to the
_ oldfort! Jump, Budd! Can you make

Be 4
An

weet ee

leader leaps ahead.
wow!” The big wolf howls ang
and changes its course, too.
door, Budd—around on the other side.
You can’t make it, oh,

you!

old fort wall. How did he get there?

He does not know. Was there a
chink in the logs for a clutch of the —

toes? He does not know. All he

knows is that the old gray wolf is
leap ng up at him with a piece of

his shoe lace dripping from its maw.
What about the old shoes now, Budd?
Would the new shoe lace have dragged
you down, down into those snarling
tusks? You are not safe yet, Budd.
See them springing, leaping, snarl-
ing at you. The night is freezing
now and dawn ‘s three hours away.
Draw your iegs up—the great brute
may reach your foot.

Panting, Budd sits on top of the
wall, his knees drawn up to his chin,
while below is a seething sea of cruel
green eyes and wolfish teeth. It
is growing colder. The perspiration
is struck from him by the icy wind
and he shivers and chatters. Soon
he will grow numb and sleepy and
fal! off the wall, perhaps. Then, as
a thought had struck the girl and
the little mother, so a thought struck
him, and was with him, too, crystal-
lized into action. He could at least
keep the | lood crculating by play-
ing his violin. Putting it under his
chin he drew the bow across the
strings. The motion at first made
the wolves leap and snarl afresh, but
when the tones of the instrument
reached them through their howling
there was a lull in the hair-splittin
bedlam. One by one they had circle
around the old fort, searching for
an easy ascent, and a number had
slunk through the open door. Here
the floor gave them a slight lift, and
they had begun leaping and howling
more hopefully. Several times an
old she-wolf had nearly reached the
top of the swinging door with her
forepaws, but as Budd played on,
air after air, they sat quietly on
their haunches, looking up at him

Bray
**0000-0w-wo

you can’t
get there, Budd—they are right onto

With a spring, still tightly clutch-
ing his violin, Budd is on top of the ~

592

with their eyes of fire. It was a
dark night, but as he glanced down
at the sea of gleaming green dots
in the old fort, he imagined he saw
red dripping tongues lolling out, and
that some of the cruel jaws had
grins spread over them. Then the
great thought had come. If he could

work his way around the wall and
shut the heavy door with his foot,

he would have the brutes inside im-
prisoned. Yhen when the dawn came
he could slip down outside the wall,
go home and get his gun—his heart
nearly burst with exultation at the
thought. Yet his scheme might not
work, for the night was dark and he
was so stiff with the cold that a
pebble or a piece of bark might trip
him, and whether he fell inside or
out there were drooling jaws wait-
ing to catch him. He rose carefully,
and again came that bedlam of noise
from below. The old she-wolf sprang

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

perilous trip.

7
again, higher than before, and Budd
knew that if she leaped with much
fiercer energy she could reach the
foot he would drop down to close the
door. The move must be made |
quickly, and he must watch, watch
for his life. Now he started on his
““Qo00-wow-ow-ow!”
the tones came angrily as he felt his
way along the wall. Leaping, scratch-

.
!
‘

ing, snarling, fighting each other,
the brutes inside and out increased Y
in fury. Others were coming in, and
Budd despaired of getting the big
door fastened even if he made the
attempt. He must quiet them again,
for he could not think nor steady :
himself in the awful din. Once more :
he stopped, put his violin to his chin
and drew out a wail. Huh! that.
was too much like the howls below.
What could he play? Even in his ©
peril the thought of “Drink to me
only with thine eyes” appealed to

ound again, Will-ee’ was as bad.
‘he Spanish Fandango’’ would do,
d off he started on that. Again
e wolves sat quietly, lolling out
eir tongues and gleaming phos-
phorescently at him with their eyes.

Once more he stopped and felt his

way along the wall. Hist! they were
at him again. A foothold_on ‘the
window ledge—it gained them no-
thing since only the forefoot could
get a hold. Blessings on the Hud-
son’s Bay for its tiny windows! On
Budd crawled—a foot, a yard, the
length of the wall. This must be
the corner—careful, Budd. Now a
scantling came in his way. Horrors!
he knocked it down so it sloped up
the wall. Already a shaggy brute
was Sstealthily coming up.

Crash! down went the scantling
with a lunge from Budd’s agile foot,
but that lunge nearly cost him his
life. By a hair’s breadth he missed
pitching off the wall, and again stirred
the wolves to renewed energy. They
leapt and snapped, and every leap
seemed to the aching boy to bring
them half an inch higher. Would
he ever reach the door? Oh, if he
ever came out of this, he felt that
he would never do anything wrong
again.

*“Oo000-ow-wow-wow!’’ Bang! What
was it? The wall of the old fort
vibrated under him, and the wolves
leapt and yapped. Straining his

eyes, Budd saw that the door was

closed. Ina mad leap for his shiver-

fy %

ing body, one wolf had knocked
door and it had slammed shut.
were trapped.
“Aha! I’ve got you now, old green-
eyes!’ Budd exulted as his teeth,rat-
tled. Then to drown their dif Thess
played to them once more. The
hours were slipping by. What was ~
that gray streak across the sky?
‘““The dawn!” breathed the boy. The
wolves inside the fort were now leap-
ing against the door, but only pressed —
it the tighter.. They forgot the boy,
for the haunts of men were not for
them in the light.

‘“‘Aha, you will?” gloated their cap- |
tor. He looked for the brutes out-
side. They had gone. Silently had
they slunk through the woods to
wait for another night and other |
prey. Lighter it grew, and lighter,
and the wolves inside grew timid.
They crouched together and whined.

The boy slid down from the wall, and,
his heart beating high with thanks
for his deliverance, made his way to
the log house. ~

And the wolves? Little they
thought that a bullet through the
brain would give them so little pain,
if, indeed, they thought at all. Nor
did they think that they themselves
would be the cause of the wedding
march played so happily a fortnight
hence ; for when one lives in a log
house, with fuel for the cutting, a
large garden and a cow or two, bounty
on forty-one wolves will carry a man
and a maid a long way on the road
of love.

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

594

*¢

RR tea

_ ment that way,”

- winter.

s “Moo: \SE MEAT FOR MORRISON'S |
a 22 MINE a

The Story of a Moose Hunt on the Height of Land in Northern Ontario—
A Hunt for a License That Had Mysteriously Disappeared,
and of a Professional Informer Whose Nicely
Laid Plans went Sadly Awry.

S. H. Howard

EN I arrived at Morrison’s

Camp on Minnesinagua Lake
which lies about half way be-
tween Ruel and Foleyet on the Cana-

~ dian Northern line to the west, witha

moose license, Morrison was over-
joyed. ‘‘Now we'll have some fresh
meat,”’ said he.

“Do you mean to say you’re short
ef meat?’’ I demanded.

“Fresh meat,’’ qualified Dan.
*“We’ve been living on salt pork.”

“You'd think you’d pick up a
moose now and again back here,”
suggested I.

“‘Agin the law,”’ replied Dan.

“Yes, but—away back here—”’ I
again suggested.

“You can’t kill moose out of season
and feed your men on the Govern-
said Dan. ‘It used
to be done to a certain extent. I
suppose, but (lowering his voice about
five tones) the truth is we’ve got an
infernal informer in the next camp at
the foot of the lake, there,” ex-
plained he. ‘‘He’s always nosing
around. He stands in with the game
warden out at the front and they
share up 50-50 on the fines. He did
quite a business in these woods time
of the first gold rush, so now we’re
mighty careful.”

“It’s a wonder he don’t get himself
disliked,”’ said I.

“Disliked! You never heard of such
an unpopular cuss as he is around
here,’ said Dan. “‘Guilbault his name

He used to drive a team for me
when we were cadging our stuff last
He was fond of whiskey and
I fired him. He got to thinking he
uld go on a drunk every time I sent

him out to the railway track. Used
to bring whiskey into the camp,
too, and sell flasks to the men. He
got ugly the day I caught him at it,
and I had to poke him one in the
aw.”

*“And then what?”

“Oh, nothing. I paid him off and
he went. He got a job at the Prin-
cess Juniper for the rest of the winter,
but he has been away back of here
prospecting for a syndicate, off and
on all summer. One of the boys
killed a moose in the lake this last
fly time, and we sent some meat down
to the Princess Juniper. Guilbault
heard about it down there and he had
our lad pinched first time he went out,
and they soaked him. The informer
gets his out of it, you know. Another
time a moose came out on the road
ahead of the team, and the teamster
couldn’t resist the chance, seeing he

had a little .22 Winchester repeater

along. He carries it to pop at part-
ridges. Put no less than nine little
.22 calibre bullets into him before
he keeled over. That darn fool moose
stood there just as if he was relying:
on the game laws. Didn’t know
what was pecking him. Some of the
bullets didn’t get much _ further’n
through the hide, but one slipped _be-
tween two ribs and punched a hole
in his heart the size of a gimlet. That
surprised him, and he jumped. But
he dropped right i in the road. It was
just like killing a moose with a pea-
shooter, and Bob told everybody the
story. It travelled until Guilbault
got it, and, next time Bob went out

the game warden was waiting for him

at the recorder’s office.
proceedings,
$50.

Summary
and Bob was soaked.
Game warden came in and.

596

garnisheed his time.
half.”

‘‘How do you know that?” I asked.

‘Spent it at a blind pig and told all
about it after he got to the ripe stage,”
explained Dan. ‘‘That’s what they
all say, anyway.”

“Well, we'll have to have a little
fun out of Mr. Guilbault if he comes
around here this time,’’ I concluded.

Guilbault got

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

&

It was pleasant enough in the warm
October sunshine fishing salmon trout
of an afternoon, though by sunset the
air grew chill, and there was hoar
frost on the rocks every morning.
The birches and the poplars played
a symphony of browns—russet,
bronze, copper, yellow, and gold, each
adding its voice like altos and so-

pranos singing against the deep bass °

FRIGHTENED MOOSE LABOURING TOWARDS THE LAND
«Courtesy Canadian Northern Ry.

That was on the Sunday night I
arrived at the mine. The season in
Ontario north of the C.P.R. opened
on the 16th. I spent the week inter-
vening killing partridges with a .22,
and fishing salmon trout off the reef
next the big painted granite cliff they
call Iroquois Lookout. We kept an
an eye open for signs, for moose had
been coming out in the marshy bay
just beyond, regularly all summer.
There were no fresh tracks along the
shore now, however, and Jimmy
Friday, my Indian, said that they had
gone back in off the big lake since the
cool weather, and he guessed we’d
have to portage a canoe over to some
of the ponds back in the hills.

of the dark green spruce and balsam.
Here and there a soft maple, a group
of sumach, or a patch of huckleberry
bushes sung out in scarlet like solo
parts in a grand chorus harmonized
to the key of Glory Halleluiah! It
was good to be there, and to catch
great cold trout out of the clear dark
water, while a _ skilful Indian like
Jimmy handled the canoe, and smok-
ed his thoughtful pipe. It was good
to breathe the sweet cold air while
the hazy sunshine tempered the
autumn breeze. It was good to come
back with 20 or 30 pounds of the finest
food fish in the world lying in the
bottom of the canoe, knowing there
were enough hungry men to eat them.

And welcome indeed was boiled
salmon trout and potatoes, with fresh
camp, bread, tub butter, and tea, to
me too, when I got there. Salmon
trout lie deep all summer and they
are hard to catch. Moreover, the
camp was too busy to allow of much
fishing. But in the fall the trout come
up on the reefs, and they will take a
troll quick as a ’longe will. Pork-
fed, fish-hungry men fell to boiled
salmon trout in a way that was a
pleasure to see, and a greater pleasure
to imitate.

But Dan Morrison was strong for
moose.

“If we only had some moose meat’’,

said Dan. “I'd grye you all the fish
in the lake.”
“You wait,” said I, ‘Jimmy and I

haven’t started out yet.”

We loaded up next morning, Jimmy
took his rabbit-skin blanket and a
pair of socks. I took a pair of ten-
point Hudson’s Bay blankets, a Mac-
see coat, a pair of woollen mitts, a
woollen toque for a night cap, a pair
of buckskin moccasins, and other
stuff besides. I had still-hunted
moose in a canoe before and slept in
a brush lean-to in the fall. October
nights on the Height o’ Land are cool
to coolish, not to say freezing cold.
Jim made the whole outfit up into a
single pack done up in a tarpaulin
with the pack strap Objibway fashion,
to hang on the head. He put in a
tea pail, about half a pound of tea,
three pounds of pork, and a couple
loaves of bread from the cook camp.
He tied a frying pan under the rabis-
caw curl at the bow of his canoe. A
bark it was, and about as heavy as a
straw hat.

I was standing with Dan Morrison,
who was examining my heavy rifle,
the butt tucked under his arm, on the
rock by the landing. Jimmy was
fixing things in the canoe to start,
when the sound of paddles bumping
on canoe gunwales came down the
shore.

*Somebody’s coming,” said Dan.

A painted Peterboro appeared
rounding the point, a white man in a
grey sweater and without a hat, pad-
dling in the bow. Kneeling at the
back thwart was a man in a black
shirt, witha black felt hat. The

lower part oS his fae was shrat
in a heavy black whisker. §

*“Guilbault!’ exclaimed Dan.
‘Speak of the devil—! That’s
man I was telling you about. t
let on who you are. That’s a pros
pector with him in front.” Re

The man in the bow paddled —
strongly but not with the easy bunt —
of the shoulder that distinguishes a it
real bush canoeman. Guilbault in ©
the stern, however, shoved on his —
paddle more with the weight of his |
low-set body than with the play of
his-arms. As the canoe drew near
the blonde man in the bow eased off — iy
and laid his paddle across the gun- —
wales over his lap. Guilbault kept
on with his short Indian dig, bowing
from the waist as his paddle bumped ~
the gunwale, and the canoe seemed ~
to slide no whit slower for all that his ©
partner had ceased his contribution
to the motive power.

**Bo’ jou’,”’ called out the bowsman,
cheerfully.
“Quay, quay,’ answered Jimmy,

the Obijbway, who was nearest the
water. Guilbault said nothing.

‘Starting out on a little trip?”
asked the man in the bow, sociably.

Goin’ out to kill some fish,” said ©
Jimmy, lifting the pack from the
rock and setting it in the centre of his
canoe as it floated loose by the shore.

“Going to shoot fish with a .30-30’’,
laughed the man in the bow.

**Three-o-three Savage,’ I cor-
rected.
“Don’t tell them anything,” in-

terjected Dan in an undertone be-
tween his teeth. ‘‘Let them guess
all they like.”

“Just came down from Round

Lake,’’ volunteered the man in the
bow.
“See any sign?’ asked Jimmy,

picking up a paddle.
“Sign o’ what? Moose?”
‘Fur,’ replied Jimmy.
‘‘Mineral’s our line,”
bowsman.
though.”
The canoe was passing and the man
was speaking now back over his
shoulder. Guilbault, beyond a scowl
up the rocks in our direction, was
pressing right on, his eyes fixed ahead.

replied the
‘Seen plenty moose sign,

598

The man in the bow picked up his
paddle.

“Good luck,”’ he called back, dip-
ping to time his stroke, ‘‘and happy
hunting.”

“Now,” said Dan, when the canoe
had passed from hearing, ‘‘our friend
Guilbault will go out and lay an in-
formation against me, sure as a gun,

S eee a ae ee
A SREP OREME BG eT
T,

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

ping or loud talking. For shelter
we tied the tarpaulin over some sap-
lings so that it made a lean-to, and
we snipped a pile of spruce bush and
laid it for a bed. While the light
lasted we paddled around the shore
of the muskeg. There were plenty
of ‘‘Signs,”’ and a big bull track in the
mud. The lily pads were eaten off

“THE MOOSE PANIC STRICKEN MADE FOR SHORE”

Courtesy Canadian Northern Ry.

This is the time we fool him. Where’s
your license.?”’

“In my breast pocket,” said I.

“Sure?”

“Sure,” replied I, slapping my
chest confidently.

“See that you don’t lose it,” or-
dered Dan.

We made camp that afternoon
about four o’clock in the spruce bush
beside a marshy little lake, which
spread out from the foot of a granite
cliff. A big muskeg stretched out
on the north. Our camp was in the
only spot that seemed level as well
as dry, being situated where the cliff
sloped down and gave room to the
bush to approach the water. We lit
no fire, and made no noise with chop-

many of them, and in some of the
fresher tracks riley water still lingered
showing the mud had not had time
yet to settle.

‘Big fellerbeen here couple hours
ago,” said Jim. ‘‘Good place.”

At dusk we spread our blankets and
lay down for a while. We had port-
aged ip from the mine “‘quite a good
piece,” as Jimmy said, and felt en-
titled to a little Juxury.

**All right to smoke, Jim?’’ I asked.

‘Good medicine,’’ acquiesced Jim.
“We can’t light a fire, but moose
won’t mind a little tobacco smudge, I
guess.”

Outstretched on the blankets and
the spruce feathers life seemed simple
enough after all. Our legs stuck out

was breathless.
breathless, too, and the noise of my

‘

in the open from under the shelter of

the tarpaulin, and the evening was
drawing closer all around us, chill and

still. But a fellow’s blood grows

warmer after he lives outdoors in the
north woods for a while.

“That is all right, eh, Jim?” re-
marked I, in great content.

‘‘All right, if you only think so,”
said Jim, the north woods philosopher.

We got the grub out after a while,
and took a snack of bread and cold
bacon fried at lunch time.

‘“‘There’s lots o’ sign here,” said
Jim. ”They’ve been coming out here
every night for two or three weeks.
Most of them tracks were cows’, but
there’s one big bull-track as big as a
snowshoe—dam near.”

We smoked another pipe after sup-
pen and then rolled up. Jimmy in

is rabbit skin was asleep and snoring
softly inside of five minutes. It took
me a little longer, for the cold air
floated in through my blankets at the
shoulders, and my feet got cold de-
2 two pair of socks and my buck-
skin moccasins. A fellow’s circulation
quicts down when he lies still for a
while. I cuddled my back up to Jim,
and found him as warm as a hot
water bottle. In the grateful radia-
tion from the rabbit skin I fell into a
doze.

When I came to consciousness again
Jimmy was gently shaking my shoul-
ders. He said it was four o’clock. I
realized mine must have developed
into the solid sort of doze.

“Better be moving,’ murmured
Jim. ‘‘A moose has just come into
the lake. Don’t make any more
noise than you have to.”’

I filled my magazine, slipped an
extra one into the barrel, and set the
safety catch. A handful of cartridges
went into my Mackinaw coat pocket.
Then I pulled on my toque and my
mitts and stepped down to the shore.
The rocks showed white, and I could
feel the burr of hoar frost through
the soles of my moccasins. The lake
was black, but the faint grey of water
could be distinguished in the open,
where a little light from hidden stars
filtered through a cloudy sky Mist
floated over the muskeg. The night
Listening, I became

Ti UW tet Se TN Nes! er ry iy
APM Ss ORE RNC a ey
LAr ay i i Ut

ali aes A ae FOR MORRISON’S

|

watch ticking under a mountain of
heavy woolen clothes sounded as
though it must be audible clear acros:
the lake. Louder still sounded thi
pulse beats in my ears. When I tool
a quick breath my belt creaked wit
a sound as loud, to my super-sensi
tive nerves, as the breaking of |
branch. Suddenly, a short distance
back in the bush, came a double throb
as of hoofs upon the ground. Startled,
I jerked up my rifle. “Jack rabbit,”
whispered Jim, who was carefully —
launching the canoe, lifting it bodily
from the moss and setting it in the ~
water. ial

“Get up in the bow,”’ said he. ae

I trod on a paddle lying in the bot-
tom of the canoe, and it slipped a few
inches. The sharp noise of wood on ~~
wood seemed as loud and as shatter-
ing as a rifle shot. I stood for a
minute listening, expecting to hear
the splash of a moose making, panic-
stricken, for the shore.

‘All right,’ said Jim. ‘‘Sit on the
floor with your back to the cross-bar,
and I'll lay a blanket over your
shoulders. Keep your rifle on your
knees, and don’t shoot till I say. We
want to get up close as we can in this
light.”

The canoe glided away without a
whisper, heading for the muskeg
shore. I listened until my ears mur-
mured lke a sea shell but could |
distinguish nothing save silence
the utter silence of the northern night.

‘‘There’s two of them,” whispered
Jim, in sudden tenseness, fanning the
canoe along with noiseless strokes,
his paddle, to save sound of splash, ©
cutting the water edgeways on the
recovery instead of coming clear of
the surface for a fresh dip.

I sat striving to pierce the gloom
ahead, and listening with my eurs,
mind, and spirit. Then suddenly as if
a door had opened I heard the
‘‘chug-splash” of a moose taking a
step in the deep water. The Indian
had heard these sounds while we lay
in our blankets under the tarpaulin,
but my straining auditory nerves
had been dulled too long with city
discordances. Now we were getting
more within my range.

‘*A bull and a cow,”’ whispered Jim.
“Get your gun up—but don’t shoot

600

till you see which has the horns.”’

**I can’t see a thing,’”’ muttered I in
vexation.

‘Hear them talking to each other,”
whispered Jim, urging the canoe for-
ward with silent, throbbing strokes.

Over the water quite distinctly,
came sounds as of big pigs grunting
at the trough.

‘“‘Umph, umph,” said one.

‘““Erh, erh,”’ replied the bull.

I could hear them so plainly now
that tension of listening relaxed and
my trembling of a sudden ceased.
With nerves steadied, my breathing
became easy and natural, as if by
magic.

Presently against the grey of the
lake, two dark shadows became dis-
. tinguishable rising like lumps on the
surface. Behind them again loomed
the misty blackness of the low flat
muskeg shore, and ghostly against the
sky line became distinguishable the
saw tooth outline of the spruce.

“Wait till I say shoot,” whispered
Jimmy earnestly.

“T put my rifle up, resting my left
elbow on my knee, as | sat doubled
up in the bow.

“T can’t see the sights of the rifle,”
I whispered in dismay.

“Wet a match and rub sulphur on
them,” commanded Jimmy.

The phosphorus glowed purple in
the darkness and [| lined the two
spots on the nearest of the shadows.

Suddenly the grunting and the
splashing ceased. The two great
beasts had become suspicious. ‘They
stood now absolutely still, isn
evidently and waiting for the breath
of scent in the air which to them
would tell the whole story of our
midnight conspiracy.

“T dassen’t go any nearer,” said
Jim at last. ‘‘Get your sights on the
bull’s shoulder and I'll hold the canoe
steady.”

The shadows were too indistinct
for me to see or recognize a shoulder
from a hip, but I set the sulphur
spots in line for the middle of the
nearest of the shadowy forms and

waited. The canoe drifted slowly.

forward of its own momentum. Sud-
denly there was a slight movement
on the water, and one of the beasts
grunted in a note of alarm so unmis-

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

=F P } ~* As Ce pe

takable that even a white man could
interpret it. They were turning to
go ashore.

‘‘Now,’’ hissed Jimmy, ‘‘shoot! Let
him have it!”

I pulled. There was a flash of flame
as the Savage kicked my shoulder,
and a roar which crashed the silence
of the night to atoms. Instantly
arose a great commotion of splashing
as the big brutes turned to plunge for
land.

‘‘Not that one—the other one—the
bull,’? hissed Jim.

I shifted my sights to the farther
of the two plunging shadows and
pulled again.

*‘Missed him. Shoot lower’’, order-
ed Jimmy, shoving the canoe forward
with a couple of powerful strokes and
then steadying her on an even keel.

Again the rifle roared out into the
night.

“Give him another,”
“Quick!”

I pulled again and without waiting
threw another shell into the barrel
and fired again, again, and yet again.

“You've got him,”’ said Jim at last,
speaking in his natural voice. ‘““Let
him get ashore if he can; it'll save
us trouble.”

He shot the canoe forward and I
pushed a couple of shells into the
magazine. One of the pair was
splashing now through the shallow
water looming high on four long legs.
The other was body deep and labor-.
ing. As we drew near, for the first
time I could distinguish horns.

‘Big spread,’ said Jim. ‘‘I’ll think
he is good for a swim yet. Let’s drive
him across the lake and finish him on
the near shore. I'll run the canoe
in between him and the muskeg and
head him off.”

We turned the frightened beast
easily enough and headed him out in
the lake. We were near enough now
to hear the agonized breathing of the
doomed creature as he labored out
into deep water and started to swim.
We followed close behind, and grad-
ually guided him to the portage near
our tarpaulin shelter. As he stepped

cried Jim.

clear of the lake on the moss beside a
rock shelving from the foot of the
cliff I fired the’shot which broke his

hip and brought nite dom

oan i
mn oe

re, 7,

.
.

_ MOOSE MEAT

Pen
i

- Janded on the rock, and Jim, taking
- my rifle, plunged the muzzle close up
behind the ear, for a sudden remorse
had revolted me.

Once done for, it was only a mo-
ment till Jim had slashed the jugular
and was wiping his knife on themoss.

“‘TD—-shame,”’ confessed I, when it
was all over.

Jimmy was lighting his pipe.

*“You’ve got a 50-inch spread there
in them horn, and half a ton of meat
goes with them,” said he.

There was a dead spruce left by
spring flood water high on the rock,
and Jim started making a fire. There
‘was nothing to be afraid of now.

“We'll have a pot of tea,”’ said he,
‘and by that time it will be daylight
and we can see what we are doing.”

He produced a tea pail from the
camp, and a chunk of a loaf of bread.
We ate and drank reclining on the
smooth rock. Then we lit our pipes.

Staring at the fire I became drowsy.
My pipe went out, and suddenly I
realized it had fallen from my re-
laxed fingers.
“Jim,” said I rousing, “chow are we
going to get this meat back to camp?”
There was no answer. The half-
breed was asleep by the fire. In the
east the sky was turning grey.
Two days later, a big bull moose
was hanging by the heels from a pole
nailed to two trees in the cool spruce
clump behind the cook’s shanty. We
had spent a full day and a half getting
him_there. It was a task of bush
engineering, and we employed en-
gineers to do it, being ne less than a
gang of men from the mine. Dan
met us at the big lake with a flat scow
and the launch, and on the second day
we brought our meat into camp.
That night all hands ate moose steak,
boiled potatoes, and fried onions.
Peace and satisfaction descended.
\ On Sunday two strangers dropped
in for dinner. They marvelled at
the quality of the stewed beef. After
dinner they took a little walk behind
the cook’s shanty and examined the
quality of the beef, dressed in the
Taw.

‘Guess I'll have to summon you,”
said one of the two to Dan a little
pdater.”

i.
eh ay

Statlecaiaah?
KE aN PY ata

FOR MORRISON'S MINE

“Friend of Mr. Guilbaul

t’s
remarked Dan. Vay

ing his game warden’s badge. ee
‘Nice way you have of appreciat-—
ing hospitality,” returned Dan.
“Duty must be done,” quoth the ©
stranger. a ‘
“Well, I’m sorry to disappoint
you,” said Dan, ‘‘and I’m sorry to do ~
my friend Guilbault out of his hard-
earned money, but the fact is, this
moose was killed under license by my
friend here.” ae
““Wheré’s the license?’ demanded
the inspector. ae.
‘‘In my breast pocket,” said I.
‘‘Let’s see it,’ suggested the in-

spector. M
I felt in my breast pocket and then
in my side pocket. ut

‘Must be in my other coat,” Isaid
finally. ‘

‘‘Maybe it’s in your hip pocket,”
suggested the inspector kindly. ve

Mechanically I felt in my hip ~
pocket.

“No,” said I, “it must be in my
other coat.”

*‘And where’s your other coat,” —
inquired the inspector smiling. i

“T left it with my suit case out at
the Creek Station,’ I explained.

“Well, we'll all be going out there
in the morning,” observed the in-
spector, calmly. ‘“The magistrate’ll —
be there you know. I’m a magistrate
for game law cases wherever I hap-
pen to be.”

*‘Look here,” exclaimed Dan. ”My
friend came in here to visit with me
and spend his vacation. It’s two
days out to the track and another
two days to get back. That’s quite
a chunk out of his holiday. Suppose
we compromise on this at $25 now, x
and when he goes out finally he can
produce his license and get arefund.”

“And where does Mr. Guilbault —
come in on the deal?” asked the in-
spector with a guileless smile.

“To hell with Guilbault and all
such scum,” cried Dan hotly. \

“That’s what I say,” laughed the _
inspector. “I’ve no use for profes-
sional informers nor amateur de-
tectives either. Here’s your license.

;

602

The recording agent handed it to me
as I was starting in. You came
away and forgot it lying on the
counter.”

And the inspector passed me the
document, folded up in its depart-
ment envelope. I felt a trifle con-
fused.

“T would have sworn it was in my
breast pocket,’ said I, reddening.
“But I remember now,”’ I added.

“Swearing’s a bad habit,” said the
inspector, his eyes twinkling.

I opened the envelope, looked at
the name on the license and folded it
up again. It was made out in favor
of John A. Gibbons. Now, Mr. Gib-
bons was, and still is, a perfect
stranger to me. I said nothing how-

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

- ne eves wide? iF}

ever, and we played draw poker with
the inspector and his constable very
amicably after supper. Ten days
later I left Mr. Gibbons’ license with
the mining recorder out at the young
settlement by the railway track for
him to pick up when he came out of
the woods. He would need the tag
detached from it to ship with his
moose head, as by law provided.

My own antlers went down duly
tagged likewise! Yes, sir—I found
my lost license but not in my breast
pocket. Found it in the inside flap of
my grip. The envelope in my breast
pocket contained a receipted bill
from the Hudson’s Bay Company for
two pairs of 10-point blankets. I
remembered it all right now.

NOTHING UNUSUAL FOR CENTRAL B.C.
with fish.”

which is near Vanderhoof, on the G.T.P.
The picture shows only part of the 317

If that very hackneyed expression, “A
Fishermen’s Paradise,” means a place where
the fish are plentiful, the climate exhilarat-
ing, the air fresh and life-giving, the days
in summer ong and sunny and everything
in general tending to make one feel “the
supreme joy of mere existence,” then the
central part of British Columbia, now open-
ed up by the Grand Trunk Pacific railway,
is a paradise par excellence. The picture
above shows better than words what that
country has for the fisherman. This party
caught 317 rainbow trout in less than three
hours recently in Corkscrew creek (so named
because of its course), one of the many streams
in Central British Columbia which “teem

This one runs into Nookli Lake,

rainbow taken. Little seven-year-old Fran-
ces Keddie, at the extreme left, helped to
make the catch and is seen helping to hold
some of them up while the camera does its
work. Mrs. C. H. Keddie, her mother, is
standing beside her. Next to Mrs. Keddie
is A. R. Steacy, of North Vancouver, and
next to him, Thomas Blair, one of the pros-
perous pioneer farmers of the Nechako val-
ley, to whom catches of this kind are acom-
mon occurrence. On the other side of Mr.
Blair is Mr. Keddie. ty

HARD WORK ON THE ATHABASCA—TRACKING A BOAT UPSTREAM

HIGHWAYS OF THE NORTH

Aubrey Fullerton

Last West, because there is only wilder-

ness beyond it, the broadest and easiest
roads are rivers. Settlers’ trails are still few
and rough, but there are many water-roads.
Upon them all the spirit of the North rests
and broods so constantly, and with such grace,
that they reveal, as nothing else does, the
character of the Canadian hinterland. They
are rightfully a part of our national water-
eave system, and some have found them to
be highways of delight.

There is, for instance, the Peace River,
which rises west of the Rocky Mountains,
crosses them in a narrow Pass, pours wildly
througb a twenty-mile canyon, and then
winds northeastward to an outlet in Lake
Athabasca, a thousand miles from its source.
Through its mountain pass and canyon no
one has ever come alive, but once rid of the
mountains the river quiets down. and widens
into a magic stream that very well deserves
its name. Before it found so peaceful a level,
however, it cut its own trough-like channel
through the prairie, at a depth of from one
hundred to sometimes nearly one thousand
feet; and the sides of that crooked trough,
now mellowed by many years, are the richly
ornamented frame of the river itself.

One needs to see the Peace on a summer’s
day, and then on a summer’s night, rightly
to sense its peculiar charm. It is not its size
but its quality, that gives it distinction; a
quality born of wonderful colorings, subtle
effects of light and air, and the quiet majesty
of the North. The river-banks are not bare

Ii that far country which men call the

and lifeless, as wilderness river-banks some-
times are, but abundantly verdant, and the
sunshine of late afternoon playing with the
shadows on these green hillsides is like
witchery. Over the water, too, is a cast of
mysterious softness—a simmering, summery
atmosphere that strangely inspirits one and
lures him on. And at twilight, when empty
silence falls even more completely, the glory
of the Peace comes closely and gently upon
everything, filling the night with a restfulness
that belongs essentially to northern latitudes.

Peace River, with all its beauty and
languorous delights, will soon be a commercial
waterway, for much of the country that it
drains is excellent farming land. Not so with
some of the lesser streams in the North, which
are quite unimportant, and yet contribute
very substantially to the life and beauty of
the wilderness. Of such are the Crooked
River, between the Fraser and the head waters
of the Peace; the Hay River, with its wonder-
ful but undeveloped falls; the lovely Nyarling,
whose very name is graceful; and its neighbor,
the Little Buffalo. So well-travelled a man
as Ernest Thompson Seton pronounces the
Little Buffalo, which flows into the northern
end of Great Slave Lake,the most beautiful riv-
er in the world, not excepting even the Rhine.
To justify such unstinted praise, he tells of its
narrow windings between shores of virgin
forest, broken here and there with luxuriant
hedges of wild roses, and alive with the music
of numberless song-birds.

These, however, are far-away rivers, which
only adventure-hunters or students of the

604

wilderness are likely ever to see. Within
much easier reach, and yer possessing some-
thing of the distinctive charms of them all, is
another northern river, the Athabasca, upon
which one may find his fill of glamor and
romance, of mystery and delight.

The Athabasca, is a typical North-land
waterway, and with its several tributaries
makes up a complete showing of wilderness
river scenery. Like the Peace, it is born in
the mountains, and flows for about the same
distance into the same lake outlet; but they
are not twins. There are stretches of the
Athabasca that resemble the Peace, but in
general it has less of quiet majesty and more
of wild picturesqueness. Its beauty mileage
is smaller, its variety of interest greater.

Both are feeders of the great Mackenzie
River system, much as the Missouri is a
feeder of the Mississippi. The Mackenzie
goes on from where it receives the Peace and
Athabasca for another thousand miles, and
at the top of the map empties into the Arctic
Ocean.

To the Athabasca in particular belongs the
romance of the Northern Transport. Until
last year all the freight that went into the
north country and all the fur packs that came
out of it went and came by this hard river
route. It was here that the old-time York
boat, primitive, clumsy, but wonderfully
effective, was seen in service, its crew of dar-
ing halfbreeds handling it with a skill that
none others could match. Every spring a
flotilla of these boats went down the Atha-
basca, with store supplies for the northern
trading-posts, and their passage was the
liveliest happening of the year. It was the
last survival, in a modified torm, of the fur
trade transports of two hundred years ago,
when heavily laden canoes plied the St.
Lawrence, the Great Lakes, and the Mississ-

IN THE GRAND RAPIDS, ATHABASCA RIVER

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

Rhy

ippi. Bit by bit that picturesque traffic was
pushed back, as the wilderness itself receded,
and now, with scow-like York boats in place ©
of Indian canoes, it is making its last stand
in the North.

Even this remaining trace is losing hold.
Last year a railroad was built from Edmonton
into the Peace River country, and a shorter
and easier route to the posts of the Mackenzie
and the sub-Arctics was thus opened up.
The boat transports on the Athabasca will
henceforth be limited to local freighting, and
the romance of the old-time traffic has nearly
gone.

As long, however, as the Athabasca is used,
whether little or much, it will probably be in
the good old way, for the character of the
river makes any other way well-nigh impos-
sible. There are a hundred miles of rough
water, through which only shallow, flat-
bottomed boats can go, and they by sheer
man-power; that is to say, by tracking, which
is the hardest kind of river navigation in all
America. A long towing line is tied to the
bow of each boat and taken ashore, where
from four to eight men harness themselves to
it with leather straps, and so walk in file along
the shore, drawing the boat after them. If
the tow-path is good, the work is no worse
than tiresome, but more often it is the severest
galley-slave drudgery, not only because of
head winds and bad weather but by reason also
of slippery banks, swollen creeks, sticky mud-
slides, tallen trees, and pestilent flies. Yet
the tireless halfbreed trackers take it all as a
matter of course and, to their lasting credit,
contrive to get some fun out of it.

Though at times with excitingly close calls,
the big York boats go safely enough through
the shallows, around the bends, and down
the easiest of the rapids; but the heavier
rapids are too much even for them. Drudgery —

«Al
oo
wa 5

SUP 2 os Co MPEE OP aT ee
RON? re 0 OU en
HIGHWAYS OF THE NORTH

THROUGH ONE OF THE MERRY LITTLE RAPIDS ON THE PELICAN—REAL JOY RIDING

then repeats itself, with variations, for every
pound of freight, and finally the boat itself,
must be portaged overland to smooth water
again. The romance of the Northern Trans-
port costs nerve and muscle.

If there is now to be less through traffic
of this hard-worked kind, there is likely to be
more short traffic of the Athabasca’s own
making. The old fur traders’ route is not
romantic only, but rich, and its riches will
presently be in demand. There is timber
along its upper levels; there is coal outcropping
at half a hundred places; there are miles of
sand-banks oozing with tar and petroleum,
beds of asphalt that would pave half of
America’s cities, wells of natural gas now
going to waste. These and other resources
’ await development. When the slumbering
North awakens, as people say it must, they
will be made use of, and the river will be busy
with new transporting. Beyond doubt the
Athabasca will contribute very largely to the
opening up of what till now has been an
empty wilderness.

On this same river, where romance and in-
dustrialism so nearly merge, there is beauty
too. The Athabasca has miles of excitement
and tons of wealth, but it has also the quiet
picture-places that make it a typical northern
joy road; not so many of them as the Peace,
nor so well spread out, but still enough to give
it grace and charm. And just because it
isn’t all in beauty-spots, but mixes roughness
with its good looks, it is more humanly in-
teresting.

The outstanding feature of the Athabasca,
from the scenic point of view, is its cut-banks.
Bare cliffs, usually of hard clay, but varied
with tar-sands and limestone, rise sometimes
almost perpendicularly from the water, and
to heights of several hundred feet, in many
places showing strange bronze colorings of
mineral impregnation. The effect is rugged

rather than beautiful, but nature softens it
with touches of green at every opportunity,
spreading bushes, plants, and mosses wherever
there is room to grow, and at the top edging
the cliffs with fringes of spruce and poplar.
Below Grand Rapids, the fiercest of the bad
waters, there are long stretches of these
showy escarpments; a hundred miles up the
river the banks are lower and of a more
gradual slope, but still with many curious
cuttings and grotesque alto-relievos in clay
and stone.

Equally rugged, but entirely uninteresting,

are the miles of river-bank that have been
fireswept, showing now onl¥ a waste of sticks
and stumps. If these wasted lands can ever
be of use it will only be by means of further
fires that will burn off the debris now remain-
ing, or by some inventive genius that will
extract profit out of ruin.
_ But between the burned places and the high
cut-banks are other places—miles upon miles
of them—where things are on an easier and
pleasanter scale; where the river-banks are
clad with trees to the water’s edge, where
mill-pond effects are to be had along the shore,
and where graceful turnings of the river open
up bewitching successions of lakelets on
ahead. To credit the Athabasca only with
rapids, tar-beds, forest wastes, and suchlike
is very much a mistake. It has its beauty
mileage, too, and that, as well as the excite-
pagat of running the rapids, goes into the joy
ride.

Put this down as one of the charms of the
North; that while it lacks the variety of trees
with which the more southern West is favored,
it produces some wonderful results with what
it has. Poplars, pines, and spruces are a
small range in the way ot landscape gardening,
but their groupings on the terraced banks ot
the Athabasca, for example. and the soft
shadings of their different greens, are very

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606

effective; and the outward views, as seen
from many vantage-points along the upper
banks, are strangely park-like in their com-
binations of woods and water. Supplementary
to these aesthetic pleasures is the satisfying
fact that in a hundred hollows, and up the
hills on the sunny side of the stream, are
bushels of delectable wild berries.

As very often happens, however, the best
things in a beauty way on this northern water
course are scattered along the little streams
and creeks that run into the main river.

These are never seen by the average voyager, ©

but invariably they give iull payment for the
trouble and delay of turning aside to see them.
There is the Pelican River, for instance; a
dainty stream that comes in from the west at
a point where the Athabasca itself runs north
and south, close to the oye aan Pelican
gas wells. Not more than a hundred feet
wide at its mouth, the Pelican narrows to
eighteen feet some thirty or forty miles up,
and within those limited bounds it does all
its art-work in miniature. Occasionally its
banks rise to medium cliffs, but usually they
are low, bordered with heavy growths of
bush and weed, or overhung with trees. Far
too slightly built for even a baby York boat,
it is an ideal stream for canoeing, which is
made jl exciting enough by a series of
merry little rapids that mimic the big ones
down below. To paddle on the Pelican,
between tree-girt shores, and with number-
less twistings of the narrow channel, is real
joy-riding.

In this unfrequented region one is nearing
the home of the Northern Lights, and the
rich displays of electrical mystery, with but
few ever to see them, add weirdly and mem-
orably to the artistic effects of an Athabasca

-

ROD AND GUN IN CAI

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trip.
glorious wilderness nights towards the end of
summer, giving a wonderful foretaste of their
greater splendors in winter. But northern

ays, as well as nights, have their glories
of the sky—trich risings and settings of the
sun, phantasies of the clouds, massive effects
in_blue and white that nothing obstructs,
The light so softly interfused between earth
and heaven is, endand: one of the characteris-
tic features of the nearer North. ;

Even the water has a distinctive coloring.
A peculiar reddish-yellow tinge is common to
all the northern streams on the eastern slope,
and on the Athabasca it is particularly
noticeable. The Pelican has an opaque
richness that is transformed by the sunshine
into translucent brown; the Lesser Slave is
almost a chocolate brown; Hay River pours
over the Alexandra Falls like a deluge of root
beer; the mains Peace is clearer, but still
highly colored.

The human interest of this northern coun-
try is in its way as picturesque as the rivers
and the deep-cut river valleys. It has been
the Indians’ country, and even yet is the
border-land of that vast wilderness still
farther north, from which they are not likely
ever to be driven out. But the Athabasca
and Peace River countries are potentially
white men’s countries, and the white men are
already moving in. For many years, however,
the river joy roads will be as they are now,
open highways to rare delights. The unique
experiences and stirring sights that there
abound will continue to make the perfect
summer-land, wherein a man may be lux-
uriously indolent or furiously busy; and that
happy mixture adds not a little to the joy of
living, as we know it in America.

STRANDED ON A SAND-BAR

Pisa:
They may be seen in the beauty of —

Ayal

oY *.

E [UNTING

ee SELKIRKS

George Sarver

ad IFTEEN minutes before all lines were
oy drawn aboard, :James McGregor and
a I stood on deck the steamer “‘Kokanee”
-_ anxiously waiting for the vessel’s nose to be
oa _ pushed from the Nelson Wharf. For many
" days, yes months, we had been anticipating
. this very trip upon which we were now bound.
Together we had drawn and traced out
a map of our route ; away back in July we
had set the possible date for the start, then
. later had figured on the time at our disposal,
the amount of food to be taken, the expense,
in fact everything which experience had
shown us to be necessary for a ten days’ hunt
for mountain goat. The preceding fall we
had scoured the high mountains for this
very game, and as to quantity we had re-
’turned from the hunt full handed, or with
all the goat that could be legally killed under
our licenses. We felt a sense of keen satis-
faction as we looked on the collection of
-hega white rugs attached to a lining of
ue.

But there comes a time in the lives of big
game hunters when the average specimen does
not suffice as a trophy. At first one is sat-
isfied so long as he secures the game he is
after regardless of size. One cares little
whether his first bear is a monster. If he
only carries the hide of a real bruin his joy
for the time being is complete.

But as the seasons roll by one wishes to
adorn his den with something more impos-
ing, something larger than he—and if pos-
sible, amy one else—has ever secured.

So it was with us. We had set our hearts
on bagging a larger “‘Old Billy’’ than ever
before.

As the steamer plied the smooth sheet of
water known as Kootenay Lake we watched
the shore line and anxiously awaited our
landing to be announced, when we could
4 answer the call of the wild.

; Precisely at 3.30.p.m. we shouldered our
2 packs and hit the trail. After half an hour’s
q walk through apple orchards, where luscious

tttin.

fruit, for which the Kootenay Country is
famous, hung from the branches, we left
civilization to the rear.

That night by the light of our carbide
lamp we reached an old deserted logging
camp where we camped and at daybreak we
were again on our way. During the morn-
ing a cold October rain set in and continued
all day. Our clothing became wet through
and only our canvas waterproof covers pre-
vented our outfit from becoming soaked.

That night we camped in a prospector’s
cabin having made only about nine miles
that day. This camp contained stove, cook-

-_. ing utensils, table and four bunks. Every-
thing indicated that the owner had gone
out to civilization and quite likely would
not return before the following spring. Pick-
ing out one of the most desirable of the four

bunks we spread our blankets and wi
soon in the arms of Morpheus. of
I knew nothing more until I felt I was —
being bayoneted by some unseen foe. Rub- —
bing my eyes I perceived my friend James
punching me in the short ribs. “What’s the
time?” ‘How do I know, got a match?” —
Yes. 9,30," Ahi
The cooking stove was soon doing its duty
and we regaled ourselves with porridge,
butter and bread and fried bacon. Some- —
time during the night the rain had changed ~
to snow and when we stepped from the cabin ~
doorway we found ourselves surrounded ©
by the first snow of the season. We had —
figured on pushing on to the head of the ©
stream that we were now on and had expected _
to reach camp late that evening, and then
spend two or three days looking for deer
in the high basins near the summit of the —
mountains. But with fresh snow on the
ground we decided to spend a couple of
days right where we were and chance hit- a
ting a bear track among the huckleberry ~
bushes which we knew grew in the locality, __
So it happened that daybreak found us
zigzagging our way up the mountain, over
which fire had once raged, as the burnt
and charred timber attested, and where now
scattered here and there a second gro ey,
of spruce and balsam broke the open spaces. _
A two hours’ climb and we topped the ridge
overlooking the. valley in every direction. —
Here in the newly fallen snow we came ~
on the broad trail of a bear and signs show-
ed he had passed quite recently. What
little wind was blowing was in our favour
and as we followed the trail quietly along
there was a certain thrill experienced, that
only those who have hunted big game can
understand. Here he had made a com-
plete circle and had stripped the berry bush-
es of some of their frostbitten fruit. Now
he had entered a dwarfed spruce thicket
and we followed with exceeding care lest we
happen on his bearship at too close and
uncomfortable quarters. But he had pass-
ed on and the tracks emerged on the opposite
side. Now we stopped and with our eyes
followed the tracks alongside the hill where
they entered a ravine, and slowly meander-
ing up the opposite side, about 125 yards
away, was the object of our search—a beauti-
ful silvertip. He turned half around offer-
ing a quartering shot and James placed an
umbrella pointed bullet behind the shoul- y
der, from his 1895 model Winchester. The —
bear dropped at the report of.the rifle, ree
gained his feet instantly, and raced on his ~
back tracks for a few yards, then dropped
and rolled bawling down the hill for a dis-
tance of 50 feet where he lodged against
a log. James made his way as iast as cir-
cumstances would permit, to the fallen bear,
while I stood with rifle ready in case bruin

608

should get up again. But he was down for
good and I congratulated McGregor on se-
curing his first grizzly with one shot. We
found the bear to weigh about five hundred
ounds and in the pink of condition. A
ew pictures were taken, then the skin was
removed from the carcass and spread out
upon the snow, to be picked up on our way
to camp later in the day.

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA _

aie y PSS .

; J ady

ets

without its mate and proceeded to express i, ‘4

his opinion of the whole rat family in gen-
eral and the pack rat in particular. I ven- —
tured that as the rat had condescended to
do with a single puttee why not cut the re-
maining one in twain and still have a pair.
He replied that he never believed in doing
things by halves.

That day we caught sight of a bunch of

THE GRIZZLY BEAR

We followed several other bears that day
but as the mid-day sun was causing the snow
to disappear quickly, all the tracks vanish-
ed with it. That night we feasted on bear-
steak, bear liver, bacon and onions. “Oh
ye Gods.” We sat up late that night clean-
ing and working on the skin, and next day
we carefully stretched and salted the pelt,
for here we were to leave it and pick it up
within the next two weeks or after the end
of the goat hunt.

We now were anxious to get in the goat
country before the snow got too heavy, which
would make goat hunting almost impossible.

The following night we were camped in
a high and sparsely wooded basin overlook-
ing the country for miles and miles. The
cabin we were in was infested with bush or
pack rats. On account of thew packing
proclivities I prefer to give them the latter
name, for they will carry anything from a
darning needle to an ordinary coffee pot.
As soon as the candles were blown out they
began to get busy and after we had hurled
at them all the stove wood within reach,
and numerous epithets, we fell asleep through
sheer exhaustion. The following morning
we took stock of what was amissing. James
had rolled his puttees neatly up and placed
them alongside the stove to dry, but lo, when
he reached out his hand for them just before
starting out hunting, he found they had
disappeared. A puzzled expression was on
his face but when he saw the end of one of
the puttees protruding from a-hole in the
floor, the mystery was clear. Slowly he
pulled his treasure hand over hand until it
lay in a confused and tangled heap at his
feet. He declared one puttee was useless

blacktail deer but as the snow was now crust-
ed we were unable to make a quiet and suc-
cessful stalk.

We also saw a black bear at about 500
yards basking on a rock in the noon-day
sun but it also got wind of our coming and
skipped.

From here we took our packs and dropped
down into the valley where we put up at our
cedar bark lean-to which we had built
the year before. In the rushing stream
that flowed alongside the rustic camp we
pulled strings of mountain trout. These we
fried in bacon fat and butter and, with the
willow grouse that we picked up occasion- —
ally, formed feasts fit for Kings.

On the following morning we cached our
blankets and food supply away from the
reach of porcupines, pack rats and other
rodents and with tent, kodak, axe, rifles,
cartridges and a two days’ supply of food-
stuffs we started out to look for the “Big
Billy.’ The high and precipitous moun-
tains loomed up in the distance and up
the foothills of these we ascended until we
pitched our temporary camp in a high Al-
pine basin overlooked by tall and rugged
peaks. It was now near mid-day so lunch
was prepared and soon ‘disposed of. We
then got out our glasses and scanned the
Aehserwre country for game. James soon
located a large old Billy about One and a
half miles from where we were camped.
Shortly afterwards I located another on
the same mountain. A long and circuitous
route took us up to a level with our quarry.
The ground over which we travelled was
bleak and desolate and the high winds had

caused the snow to drift and it lay in places — aS

HUNTING BIG GAME IN THE SELKIRKS

to a depth of two and three feet. At times
we could walk over the top of this and then
suddenly we would go down almost to our
waists. The high and light mountain air
caused our pulses to beat fast and as James
extricated himself from a deep snowbank
he remarked that he hardly thought goat
hunting advisable for one with a weak heart.

THE WRITER AND BIG BILLY

Suddenly on topping a slight hogback we
spied one of our quarry only 150 yards away.
He was lying down and facing us. I rest-
ed the muzzle of my .32-40 Savage on a large
boulder and pulled. There was a slight
quiver and Old Billy was mine. He never
gained his feet after the 165 grain bullet
entered the chest.

We soon located the other goat, we had
seen from camp, a few hundred yards below,
as yet undisturbed, the wind being in our
favour and the topography of the country
prevented the report from my rifle reaching
him. Within twenty minutes of the time
I had shot my big Billy, James had secured
one of equal size. He had stalked up to
within 175 yards and took a quartering shot
and as the goat raced down the mountain
he finished it with a second. As we sized
up those two beautiful specimens we felt
that fortune had undoubtedly favoured each
of us with a prize that might be hard to
beat or even to duplicate. James suggest-
ed they were not goat at all but wild Jack-
asses, and I called his attention to the col-
our, and the ten and a half inch horns. Both
goats were identically alike and the measure-
ment of each was just under eight feet. The
horns were ten and a half inches in length
and five and a half inches round the base,
while their long heavy coats measured eight
inches along the back.

We now went back down to our temporary
camp and passed the night and on the fol-

lowing morning again climbed up, took pic-
tures of the goats and removed the skins"
The magnificent view we had from here can
scarcely be pictured and certainly cannot
be described in words. Below us_parti-
coloured clouds floated in space, like huge
airships, being driven atone by the breeze
until lost and broken up by contact with
the rough and rugged mountain. Away in
the East lay Molly Gibson glacier showing
like a field of clear blue ice decorated and
fringed here and there with banks of snow.
To the south stretched pine forests extend-
ing until they were lost on the horizon and
far below us our camp looked like a tiny
speck.

Late that night we again arrived at our
lean-to. It was here we met the trapper
Jake, who was carrying his winter supplies
into the wilds preparatory to spending the
long winter in quest of the furry tribe.

As we sat in the lean-to with the blazing
fire in front, the wind making music in the
trees over our heads, and the gurgling of the
trout stream near by, we felt as if we would
be pleased to spend many months in the
free and open like this, away from the frills
of civilization.

But our time was now up. We had had
a pleasant and successful trip and on the
following day reached the beach of the placid
Slocan Lake having returned by a different
route than that taken from Nelson.

Under his arm James carried the head of
“Old Billy” and as we stood waiting for the
steamer “‘Slocan’’ to land, he presented a
comical appearance.

We had been away from Nelson and in
the mountains just ten days and to those of
you who feel you are losing the bloom of
youth earlier than you ought to, and your
muscles are becoming dwarfed, our unanimous
advice is “Take a mountain goat hunt.”?

HEAD OF BILLY NO. 2

610 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA”

REVELSTOKE ond BEAUTIES -

er gue

(1). Alfred Lake, Mt. Revel-
stoke Park, B.C.

(2) Silver Tip Falls, on Eight
Mile Creek, eight miles
north of Revelstoke

(3) Revelstoke, B.C., in Sum-
mer, showing Snow-Cap-
ped Mt. Begbie.

on the Canadian Pacific
Railway about half way
between Sicamous and Glacier.
It is a town of about 4,500
ople, having altogether nine
otels, the leading hotel being
the ‘Revelstoke,’ situated right
at the Depot. Revelstoke is
most picturesquely situated in
the Valley of the Columbia
River, and practically sur-
rounded by mountains. Mount
Begbie is always an interesting sight, and
the Glacier on Mount Begbie can always
be seen from Revelstoke. The view from
the hotel on a summer evening is magniticent.
There are two trips from this place which
are absolutely unique in the whole Canadian
Pacific Rockies.
One trip is nine miles north of Revelstoke,
“Yong the Columbia River to Silver Tip Falls,

R ‘on tie c KE is situated

44

through the famous Columbia Canyon, which
for scenic beauty and thrills is unsurpassed
on the American Continent; and the other
is up Mount Revelstoke. The Dominion
Government is now building an automobile
road trom Revelstoke to the top of this moun-
tain, and has recently expended $200,000.00
on this road, which is now ten miles up the

mountain. The road zig-zags up the moun-

bie ne

rin an excellent grade, a high-power-
automobile being able to go up this road

tinent that can compare with it.

Should tourists be desirous, arrangements
can be made to have saddle horses awaiting
them at the end of the automobile road,
so that they can continue to the top
of Mount Revelstoke where a most

THE CREVICE

Wm. McMillan

APA and Mama weasel looked very
grave and serious. Things had come
to a time when if they wished to escape

total annihilation a move must be made. A
lean and cold winter had made those ‘“‘war-
riors of the darkness’ the great horned owls
keen for the hunt. They had spread death
and terror on all sides and of all the victims
- the weasel suffered most. Whole families
even had been wiped out in a very short space
of time, in fact in the last short while the
neighboring family of red weasels had been
reduced to one survivor.

Only the previous night Father Weasel while
hunting mice in the silent hours before dawn
had been surprised and almost seized by a
huge owl who had swept silently and swiftly
upon him from a heavy limbed balsam. His
quickness and a convenient crevice near b
only had saved his life. To the day of his
death papa weasel carried upon his fore
shoulder a huge scar. |

Now at high noon instead of sleeping, an
earnest consultation was being held as to where
they should go. Thoughts of leaving their
warm, comfortable and up till now safe nest,
caused great sorrow to the grown ups, but
to the young ones the novelty of the move
was merely agreeable. Papa and Mama
» weasel however decided that if they hoped to
have any peace and if the little ones, ‘“Toe-y”
so called because of his great big toes, and
“*Pig-a-poof’”’ whose whistle sounded just
like that, were to be protected a move must
be made.

Early next night the little family led by
cautious Papa weasel set off in search of a new
home. Daylight found them huddled in a
hollow tree tired and cold and with no home.
Two nights later however they came to a fine
old hollow birch log well mossed and sunken
deep in the dried sand bed of a dried up river.
Signs of game were plentiful, while mice
could always be had.

Here they decided to make their future
home. ‘True only a short distance away was
a small farm house but careful scouting on
the part of Papa weasel showed no signs of
dogs or small boys.

Mama weasel at once set about making the
nest comfortable. Dried leaves, twigs and

moss were carefully collected and one day

igh gear. Tourists who have made this
trip as far as the road is completed, claim »
- that there is no trip on the American con-

beautiful natural park

In the months of July and Aug
park is a most brilliant panorama of
being covered with the most beautiful o
flowers, which give the appearance ot thr
whole mountain top being one glorious mass
of red, yellow, and green, in the centre
which are Lakes Eva, Millar and Prospe
the background being the famous Revelstok

¥
(

IN THE BARN

when papa came home from a hunting trip” r ‘it
with a fat partridge a cheerful family and
well furnished home greeted him. eh

But alas and alack their joy in their new
home was short lived. _ Disaster overtook
them the very next day. Papa weaselleftthat
evening as usual for the hunt and they saw ~
him no more. Scouting along an old rabbit —
track overgrown with swamp grass he care- —
lessly put his head through a forsaken rabbit-
snare and in a very few minutes his family
were fatherless. ,

However deep their grief food had to be ~

rocured. ‘‘Toey’’ being the eldest of the
amily assumed the duty of providing and
braving all the dangers of the chase. Toey
was now one full “‘snow-time” old which is
weasel for one year—and the time being early
fall his coat was still a dark brown with but
few cream tracings.

Due to over anxiety and nervousness ~
‘Toey’s’ first two trips for meat were fruitless.
A fat rabbit just missed death by a hair’s”
breadth while a juicy-looking partridge decided __
to move just in time to escape the weasel’s —
almost perfect leap. The third trip however ~
he came home with a rabbit fully thrice as
large as himself. §

Things moved smoothly for a while. “Toey”
developed into quite a hunter and soon little
Pig-a-poof accompanied his big brother in the
daily search for food.

Autumn sped on its way and winter with
its soft blanket of white covered all the land.
The little family of ermine now with thick
warm coats, white as the driven snow found
living much easier. Field mice moved a little
less quickly in the deep snow. Rabbits —
seemed not so careful, while quite often Toey —
and his sister came across a fine fat partridge
asleep under a few inches of fluffy snow.

However the deep snow, in a measure also ~
added to their perils. Their natural enemies ©
the owls seemed more aggressive and perched »
closer to the lower branches of the great firs,
ever on the alert for unwary victims. Under
such a strenuous life Toey developed rapidly —
in size and strength. He was now a good
eighteen inches from the tip of his ee
tipped tail to the point of his dainty little pink
nose. His coat was pure white, tnick and
glossy, his strange toes whereby he got his

\ Si ee
a

612 ROD AND GUN INCANADA

name, had developed into formidable wea-
ons that stood him in good stead and made
fim greatly feared.

Apart from a few narrow escapes from
sudden death life for the weasels moved along
smoothly. But gradually there grew on Toey
an indescribable feeling. The call of great
distances was singing in his ears and one day
the shackles of home-life fell from him and
his family knew him no more.

Night after night he travelled over the deep
snow around huge stumps, under windtalls
now diving through a snow dritt, now slippin
on a glossy piece of “‘crust’’ ever with that wil
calling in his ears urging him on and on. He
was searching for a mate. Early on the
morning of the seventh day while taking a
nap, after breakfasting off a fine juicy rabbit,
he was wakened by a soft white body which
crept close to him and snuggled down. Friend-
ship was soon sealed. The little visitor’s coat
was not nearly so long or thick as Toey’s but
it had a beautiful, soft, glossy sheen.

Toey in his large way pressed upon his
pretty mate all the warmth and affection of
his wild nature. A warm cosy nest was made
and Toey hunted for the daintiest morsels of
food to bring home. We must not think how-
ever that Toey had it all his own way. Twice
did jealous males seek to wrest trom him his
“White Foot’? but both times Toey emerged
victorious from a savage bloody battle. Once
Toey came limping home with a deep ugly
wound at his neck and a fearfully soiled coat.
An owl had all but succeeded in pinning him.
As it was two weeks went by ere he could
hunt with any of his old time skill and strength.
“White foot” in the meantime had to supply
the wants of the table and the dainty little
weasel not having a great deal of experience,
both often went dinnerless. However, once
Toey started to hunt he made up for loss of
time and game being plentiful for a long time

little broke the pleasant trend of their happy

7

#

lives. Bye and bye there came a time when
three little weasels were added to the enlarged
home and Toey had to redouble his efforts
to procure food.

No longer could he stay merely for the fun
of it. Killing a victim and only sucking the
blood was a thing of the past. The swift
footed mice he le:t alone. ‘The little things
grew rapidly and soon the larger of them
began to accompany Toey on shorter trips.
Through deep fluffy snow drifts Toey would
swiftly leap around stumps under windfalls,
the little fellow with his eyes glued to the
waving black tip of his parents’ tail would
gamely try tc follow. As winter’s cold wea-
ther grew more severe the owls became bolder
and more relentless whilst the mice, rabbits
and partridge hugged their warm homes and
were difficult to get.

Hunger eventually forced Toey to make a
raid on a small farm house ’way up the little
Tiver. Slowly and carefully he _ scouted
round the barns before slipping in a tiny hole
in the toundations where the moitar had
fallen away from the stones. Scurrying feet
greeted his entrance. Toey found himself
in a high raftered barn. Piled high at one end
was a great quantity of last summer’s hay.
The floor, except for two or three inches of
fine dust was clear. The weasel was in clover.

At the end of an hour’s time he slipped out i om ay

bound for home with a fine fat deer-mouse in
his jaws. A half dozen others he left with
bloodless bodies. White Foot and the young
ones greeted Toey with great joy, and hungry
mouths made short work of the mouse.
Realizing the many dangers attached to a trip
to the barns Toey tried his luck in the old
haunt for the next few days but to no avail.
Bitter weather and lots of snow made game
tremendously scarce. The memory of the
warmth and comfort of the barn soon drew
Toey within its walls. Once there mice seem-
ed just as plentiful as last time and a hearty
meal gave him great heart and courage. Now
rarely did a day go by that the weasel didn’t
return and in time it became his exclusive
hunting grounds. All manners of small
animals had been attracted to its shelter un-
molested by enemies until his advent. Of wily
deer-mouse swift as an arrow and fat there
seemed no end. Good sized barn rats while
hard to get were especially good eating, but
the red letter day, or rather night of the
weasel’s career was, when deciding to explore
the mysteries of the attached buildings he
forced his way into a small warm building,
low and dark. Here he found to his great
amazement scores of what he took to be
partridges perched upon bars of wood a few
feet off the ground. The sight fairly made
Toey smack his lips in joyful anticipation.
A fine fat spring leghorn after a few futile
squacks was soon disposed of in an efficient
manner. The best part of his victim the
weasel bore away with him for his family, and
silence once more settled upon the hen house.
The following night he didn’t waste any
time with mice or rats, tempting though they
were. Far better prey was in sight. This
time the weasel not content with one bird
pulled a round half dozen plump chicks from
their perch, buried his jaws just back of the
neck, sucked the warm rich blood and left
them.
The war was on. The next trip and it was
soon after his last, the now blood-thirsty
weasel sniffled suspiciously at two curious
steel things he had never seen before. On
each was a tempting lump of some yellow
stuff that had an alluring smell, in fact if
there wasn’t such fine sport to be had with the
birds why he might possibly even take a bite
just to try it, but he was impatient to begin
the fun. That night blood flowed freely, not
carelessly though because it all went carefull
down the weasel’s throat. It was a flock wit
sadly depleted ranks that greeted the un-
fortunate farmer the next morning.
Close by the chickens in the adjoining
building was a huge box that had often
aroused Toey’s curiosity. Deciding to in-

vestigate he gnawed a hole in the corner. It -

was no easy task because a lining of tin had
to be cut and it hurt his gums and jaws. How-
ever once in, the weasel’s cup of happiness
seemed full to overflowing. He stuffed him-
self with the delicious grain and vowed to
come again.’ Life for the weasel family was
now one long happy round of good feeding.
Being entirely free from enemies Toey
lulled into a feeling of security, grew bolder
and more careless. Where he used to slip
quietly up the long ditch from the river to the

es . iy hey :
time he would dart across

_ Soon his eldest accompanie
visits and in time even ‘‘White
pore them company now and then.
the three weasels on the job terrible
© was wrought in the ranks ot the fowl.
eir sphere of operations being enlarged
w even included the ducks and young tur-
_keys and the grain box suffered tremendous
inroads. The distracted farmer set trap
after trap in a vain indeavor to catch, as he
thought, the wily barn rats but in vain. True
he did catch a few rats but the raids con-

tinued.

____. There came a time when a fox terrier made
_ his appearance in the barns. Scores of rats
_ met a cruel fate in his jaws and where there
had been happy, well fed families, was soon
desolation. Toey kept away for one whole
4 week then hunger got the better of discretion
and one night he made his way to the old

u
a

a haunts. Cautiously working his way
_ through the familiar crevice under the old
- fallen beam into the hen-house Toey crouched

by the side of the small hole in the corner.
It was pitch dark and no sound save the un-
easy rustling of the birds, broke the silence.
Carefully the weasel crept along the wall,
slipped under the lower row of straw-filled
nests, singled out his victim, gathered his paws

- FOWLING AND MODERN ENGLISH

‘under him for a sp

pring, when there
sudden rush, a scramble and the wease
wild fear in his heart was borne to the flo
by a heavy body. Scrambling to his feet

panic he darted to the off corner but bi bd

as he was the dog was quicker by a flash

he was again beaten down by a strong paw. —
Thoughts of safety fled from the weasel now _

and he lay on his back and fought with all
the fury and strength or his kind. In vain
did the death dealing jaws of the dog search
for the weasel’s neck. With his wonderful

elastic muscles Toey would turn on his back ©
and tear great red slashes with his wonderful
claws, well did the weasel’s odd toes do their ~
Back and forth they rolled —
scrambled amid the fluttering and ~

work that night.
and
squacking of the birds in the dark, the dog
gasping with gaping red wounds on his throat
and chest, the weasel with torn and bleeding

face and neck. The dog caught a wicked hold

on the slender throat of his adversary while
the weasel dug his death dealing claws and
teeth deep in the windpipe of the terrier.

In the morning the farmer found them both
stiff and cold, still clutched in that fatal em-
brace while White Foot and the children
wondered greatly why their husband and
father never came home.

E. D. Sismey

’

R HE olden occupation of Fowling has
given us not a few words and expres-

sions. These phrases are often meta-

phorical and are used in every day conversa- .

. tion by all kinds of people few of whom know
their real origin or meaning.

One often hears the expression ‘‘as thin
as a rail,’ used and 99 out of every 100 that
hear it think that a,fence rail is referred to.
As a matter of fact the rail referred to is a
bird and this phrase is of considerable anti-
quity. Anybody who has ever plucked a
rail will at once see the aptitude of the phrase.

The Rail, a bird of shy disposition is en-
dowed by nature with a very flat body, so
compressed that measured through the breast
(from wing to wing) it is often as small as
1} inches: thus built it is able to sneak

; through the reeds and tules without causing
t -one to shake and so betray its presence.
“As thin as a rail’’—and still some people
‘claim it is an excellent food bird.

“As bald as a Coot.” How often this ex-
_ pression is applied to the poor unfortunate
- with a billiard ball head, and how often one
wonders at its meaning. Yet how simple
oe one is told that the European Coot

epee! 5 5) i an
\

Be Beca atra) has a bald spot on, top of its
head.

The great diversity of objects in the ex-
ession not knowing the difference between
‘Hawk and a handsaw” is enough to denote
ssal ignorance but the original expression
ore. technical. In the old days when

hawking was a royal sport the Heron was
the favorite bird hunted. And rightly the
phrase should be “‘Hawk and Heronsewe.’’
The word heronsewe is the old English for
Heron, this was corrupted to Hernser and
later when hawking had disappeared to hand-
saw thus a man who did not know the differ-
ence between a hawk and a heron would be
a poor hunter.

It is common these days to hear a man
talking about bunches or coveys of ducks,
geese or other wild fowl. As this is entirely
wrong*I don’t think it would be out of place
to recall the correct names of different gather-
ings of birds before they pass into oblivion.

>

herd, bank or troup of Swans.
skein or gaggle of Geese.

sord, suke or paddling of Mallard.
sprig, knot, coil or spring of Teal.
bunch of Widgeon.

rush of Pochards.

whisp of Snipe.

fall of Woodcock.

fleet of Coots (Mudhens).

flight of Plover.

sege of Herons.

brood of Grouse.

covey of Partridge.

bevy of Quail.

rafter of Turkeys.

crowd of Redwings.

band of Jays.

tribe of Sparrows.

D> > >>> > >>> > > > >> > >

LL you fellows do is argue?”
A “Say wait till you see the gun I got
comin’ in the stage and you'll forget
ll about them ‘fusees’ of yourn. “Some
anguage”’ for Dr. Sam, who broke into a
laugh that was noisy enough for a half dozen,
at his own wit.

The two fellows addressed quit their talk
and grinned good naturedly in Sam’s direc-
tion. One, a tall fellow with about two
weeks’ srowth of beard, known as Bert Smith,
spoke up, “Well, what you want? Just an
argument or are you really going to get a gun

Sam? My old 45-70 is all the gun I want;

it’s big enough to stop any of the big ones
and I can knock off a partridge’s head three
times out of four with it.”

‘Ha! Ha! How about the grouse you shot
at four times yesterday, ha! ha! ho! ho! roared
the others.”

“Just a minute you fellows, Say: for a
fact that grouse had the smallest head I ever
saw on a bird.” This brought forth renewed
roars of good humored laughter, and more
jests and witticisms as to the respective
merits of Smith’s 45-70 which all agreed was
a good gun, but as Smith still clung to the
old black powder shells the others solemnly
asserted that it sounded like a full fledged
rock quarry at work blasting when he opened
fire in the distance at whatever game he had
sighted. The one other ritle which belonged
to the third member of the party, Billy Daw-
son, came in for its bit of going over. This
piece of artillery had been captured in the
Boer War. It was a good gun, yes, and had
belonged to an officer, but the ammunition
cost like sin and was not to be had at any
price in some of the nearest camps which
were, by the way, twenty-five miles distant.

Two of these fellows had stayed long after
the rest of camp No. 13 had left for across
the mountains. There was nothing that
could be done here till the spring opened.

rane ne
t/ 1)

i IAAL

PMO

The contractors had fallen short of steel,
timber, and about everything that was need-
ed to push the work of the road along, and
two of the three mentioned who had been
on the surveyor’s staff had decided to stay
and have a month’s hunting and fishin
before going out, and they had droppe
word to friend Sam, Dr. Samuel Doggett, —
who had a good practice at Roscoe’s Land-
ing, to come and have some fun. Sam did
not look much like a medicine man. Six
foot two and black and burly he was, and

\a big out-door kid if ever there was one, —

one of the kind that dogs and children all
take to, and a friend that was a friend to
those who were fortunate enough to be on
his list.

Sam had arrived and had spent the first
three days in helping the others set the camp
to rights, etc. A few willow grouse had
been potted but outside of that no shooting
or hunting had been indulged in.

Bert wanted to take out a couple of bear .
hides, grizzly preferred. He had promised —_
a friend one and he wanted a rug for him-
self. There were grizzlies about as they
had seen them on two different occasions
when running a line through before the gang
had left, but there was no time for shooting _
then. They were too busy. There were ~
deer, grouse, and rabbits, so things looked
very promising for the hunters. Mite,

Bert had shot a small deer, and Billy had
turned his.back on the hunting and taken to
trout fishing of which there seemed to be a
never-ending supply. Judging by the Stories.
he told of throwing back all under one pound
weight and the beauties he brought back to
the frying pan, his was the sport ideal.

The sfage did not come within two miles of
camp but the boys walked the distance to
waylay it as it passed, for what few articles
they needed could be sent out and if th
were late the driver, Lonso Neil,

614

by leaving their parcels
f the wagon trail. And so it
day that Sam went out for his

; fern by

d it was the work of minutes for Sam
he aid of his heavy knife to pry off a
or two, to get the rifle out, and assemble
id as he-picked up the box containing
cartridges he smiled to himself as he
‘iced Lou’s scrawl on the heavy wrapping

LLLe
a

vat

paper.
_ “Good luck with the little gun. They’re
“good medicine’ I got one myself.’

-_ The boys grinned appreciatively while
- Sam explained his new shooting iron and
when he was through Bert remarked: ‘‘So
_ that’s a Remington Automatic, hey? well,
Ill just bet you I can fire five aimed shots
_ with my old lever action as quick as you
can with your automatic.”
“How much you want to bet?’ queried

“Ten dollars, good Canadian money. I’ve
got it right here. Who says the old action
can’t put five aimed shots with a target as
quickly as the Remington?”
_ “TY don’t want your money. Let’s just call
it a dollar to make it interesting. I know
what that gun can do, used one before you
know and it would not be fair to you, see?
old sport?’
i Bert grinned doubtfully, but walked away
_ down the trail probably tifty paces with an
} old oil tin and set it upon a stump. Half
way back he stepped to one side and behind
a huge tree, and Sam swinging the new gun
to his shoulder took a leisurely aim at the
shining target. Bang-ng-ng-ng-ang! Thetin
went off, the stump with a great. clatter.
Bert walked out from his refuge and took
off his hat,’ scratched his head, looked at
Sam, then over to where the tin lay along-
_side the stump, and finally asked:
e “Did you aim all five of those shots?”
y “I sure did,’ responded Sam. “Sure,
if why?”
y~ _ “Well nothing, only you win. I never saw
- a machine gun in action before, that’s all.”
And he turned and walked away to get the
tin. Picking it up he brought it back to
_ where the others were standing. He placed
his open palm over the five ugly looking
_ gashes that the soft nosed bullets had torn
% A the tin. “Fine chances a grizzly would
_ Rave against you, hey?’ So” saying, he
tossed the tin away into the brush and the
_ little party was over.

One day was very much like another for
a week, the boys hunted, fished, and loafed,
and Billy who was also an enthusiastic artist

_at times did a bit of sketching. Then one
_ day it happened to be Bert’s turn to go
__ down to see about the mail at the stage line
_ and he found not only the mail but a fine
_ Airedale chained to a sapling with a note

in his collar: “Can you keep the dog for me
_ till you come out for the winter?” it read.
Bir. WV 1 pay you for your trouble, and if you
do so would like to have you try him out
t the huntng business. A fellow left him
nm my hands and I have no place to keep him
ust now.” The note was signed by Lou.

rhe dog came back to eamp, you may be
and the three following days as there

box lay just off the side of the~

4" $55 7 ¢
a taivie rt) VS Pe ee
Ni FF, Ag ; Mee’ SN EO u
was a rain the boys:and dog got acq

Did he enjoy it? Why that dog 1
having the time of his life and he improv
every minute of it. i

The bad weather cleared away and B
took the dog, ‘Bo’ the name on his do

read, and they went after grouse, and—got

them. Bo’s one best idea of life was hun

ing and Bert and Sam actually got jealous

of the other’s affection for the little fellow.
‘Bo’ on his part was strictly impartial, he
would hunt with either man equally well,

and come home at night so tired that he

could hardly hold up his head.

The month’s sport was half gone and there
had been no grizzly brought into camp, in
tact none had been seen.

‘Sam’ and ‘Bo’ had started early this day

and had followed a tangle of brush and wind-

falls for perhaps a couple oi miles. The
idea was that Sam was almost certain that
the tangle of down,timber was the very place

for bears if such beasts were in the country.
Right here was a bit of a spring and the ~

fa)

Bary

hunter stooped to examine the ground for ——

possible tracks. A low growl from the dog
caused him to look up. ‘Bo,’ was edging
stiff legged away from the thicket, the hair
along his spine and nape of his neck standing
up till it made him look half as large again
as he really was.

In a second the hunter was on his feet
and throwing the safety off the automatic
he quickly reached the nearest fallen tree
and leaping lightly up to the trunk gazed
carefully about with the rifle at the ready. |
He could see nothing and walked along the
tree out towards the top. He glanced back
at the dog who now stood near the spring
alternately watching his master and then
showing every evidence of fear and rage at
something evidently just a short distance
up wind from there.

Crash! Smash! Crash! a living catapult
hurled itself away through the brush. Sam
nearly lost his balance but turned in time
to see an enormous grizzly speeding like an
express train for another larger tangle fifty
yards distant. 7

Bang! the smokeless powder from the
U.M.C. 35 calibre cartridge drifted away,
and with crooked finger ready to send the next
shot on its way Sam waited for a chance

_to shoot, and the next instant he went back-

wards to the ground some eight feet below,
pulling the trigger of his rifle as he lost his
balance. The second shot went wild.

It was past noon when Sam’s slowly re-
turning senses recognized Bo’s pitiful en-
deavors to bring him to, whining and _lick-
ing his face and hands and even tugging at
his coat in his anxiety to: have him speak.

“Yes, there it was directly above him,
that’s where he had stood when he fired
at the bear- and missed, and that broken
stub up there is what gave him the fall.
Wearily he turned his head. There was the
rifle over there, and he vaguely remembered
that the weapon must be ready to shoot again
as he had heard the accidental second shot,
then he looked at the dog, and Heavens,
Bo was all blood about the muzzle, and as
he sat head to one side anxiously watching
his injured friend, Sam tried to stroke his

4
be

i/
leg

1 ERAS oO eae
wt oa! ve Be | Ae % r, ae.
616 ROD AND GUN IN CANAD. ‘

head, and found he could not raise his arm.
A glance showed where the blood came from
as from his left arm. A short pointed
splinter sticking upright from the earth had
completely transfixed his left arm half way
between the wrist and elbow. ;

Sam was no_weakling but the sight nearly
unnerved him. Lying still a few moments to
collect his strength, he raised himself and
clenching his teeth drew the injured arm off
the splinter. The blood gushed from the
wound, but as luck would have it there were
no spurting leaps from a torn artery, and

struggling out to the open he sank down by’

the little spring and after what seemed ages
to himself he got the injured member in a
first aid dressing which he always carried.
Then he had a good drink from the spring
and went back and got his rifle, came back
to the spring, ate a bite of Tunch, and atter
another drink of the cool water started out
for camp. Bo, an anxious spectator, followed
closely and at times ran ahead only to stop
and look back as if to see how his companion
was making it. When within a half mile of
camp he finally raced ahead and shortly
after Billy who had been in camp came hurry-
ing out to meet the crippled one, as he said
the dog had come into camp in great excite-
ment even snapping at his boots and bark-
ing, and alternately running back down the
trail.

Then as Bill helped him along into camp,—
with Bo, his tongue lolling, and wisely look-
ing them over now and then, as he heard
his name mentioned, trailing at their heels.—
Sam related his morning’s experience. Ar-
rived in camp Dawson directed by Sam,
made some splints and dressing the wound
they arranged the splints in true professional
style as Dr. Sam decided the limb was not
only punctured but badly twisted, though
he was not sure of a fracture.

Bill and Bert were for breaking camp and
taking Sam out for medical attention but
Sam would have none of it, so they quit
arguing the matter with him and fell to and
did his share of the work and the time passed
much the same as before. Then one night
Bert came into camp unusually happy about
something. When questioned the best he
could give out was that he’d tell them all
about it the next evening, whereupon he
changed the subject.

Lying in his bunk that night Sam noticed
Bert take the tape and measure off a certain
distance on an upright post in the side of the
cabin. Then he glanced about to see if he
were observed and smiling to himself went
back to cleaning and oiling his 45-70. The
sore arm’s throbbing made Sam forget the
incident until next morning. After the others
had gone, Bert with rifle and-dog, and Daw-
son with his everlasting fish pole, the crippled
one happened to pass the post and out of
curiosity looked up to see marked, “length
of foot thirteen inches, some bear.” Then
it dawned on the lonely one what Bert’s
secret was. ‘Well good luck to him!” he
muttered. ‘I had my chance and lost and
I hope some one will have luck, and he
glanced over at the Remington standing in
the corner.”

biscuit and tea, and as slowly got his cooking
utensils back in their places.
ered him more than he cared to admit, so

he went outside and sat down in the shade ©

ot a big fir. The quiet and peacetulness of
it all made him drowsy and presently he was
in a land of dreams, stretched out in the
shade.

Of how long he slept he had no idea, but he
awoke with a start to hear a dog’s excited
barking straight back of the cabin to the
North, where a small stream babbled through
the brush. Except for once he had never
been there, as there was a couple of hundred
yards of dense brush to negotiate before the
stream could be reached, but he knew the
spot, and as he listened the barking ceased.
Bang! Bang! Bang! There was only one gun

His arm both- .

that made a noise like that,—Bert’s. Then
followed a perfect bedlam of barks, and yes, |
frightened or angry yelps. There was trou-

ble over there and the Doctor scrambling
to his feet and wide awake now rushed into
the cabin, grabbed a clip of five cartridges
from the table and holding them with his
teeth grabbed the Remington Automatic
and resting it on the table with his one good
hand pulled back the bolt and shoved the
cartridges home. Hatless, his red flannel
shirt making a bright spot against the dark

green of the pines, he rushed into the thicket. -

It was a short distance he had to go but
it seemed an age to him. In reality it did
not take ten minutes to get through that
two hundred yards of brush. His left arm
resting in a sling was hurt repeatedly as
the branches and stubs of trees struck him
time and again, although even in his haste
he did his best to avoid them. At last he
was through and the sight in front of him
for the tenth part of a second, nearly para-
lyzed him.

Over across the small stream was a mass
of rock with small openings that looked like
the entrance to a possible cave. Opposite
this and seemingly trying to work the lever
of his 45-70 was Bert. The rifle had evi-
dently jammed or fouled in some way as
Bert would frantically work the lever. Glanc-
ing up stream, and following his gaze Dr.
Sam saw a large grizzly standing upright
and looking back at the hunter. Even at
that distance one accustomed to huntin
could see the grizzly was evidently wounde
although he stood like a statue.

Bo came running back toward Bert from
the direction of the bear. Neither dog nor
hunter had seen Sam and he was just about
to whistle to him, when from out the cave
among the boulders came the most awful
grizzly Sam had ever seen, or expected to
see. With a snort he reared up to his full
height scarcely fifteen feet from_the help-
less hunter. Bo saw the bear as Bert Jump-
ed back, and turned, and the plucky little
dog as if he realized his master’s danger
at the monster, a small tornado of fury.

on all fours and sent the dog flying into
stream with one sweep of its large fore

~

~

ran “"
The Pe si
great brute with the agility of a cat dropped — iS

i

7"
‘

pA,
>

b t

on

, a in) oo

ot
ey

shed at Bert. The hunter side-
d the bear missed, and as he turn-
am pushed down the safety catch of the
matic and rested the barrel in the fork
the root of an old windfall. This time
_ bear did not miss, he struck Bert with
is head knocking him flat. The little dog
ad crawled out of the water and dragging his
hind quarters was trying to get into the fight
again—and as Bert raised his left arm to
_ protect his face the bear grabbed it with its
‘teeth. Bang! the monster’s great head swung
_ sideways, Bang!and he lurched off the pros-
_ trate man who quickly regained his feet and
pulled the dog to one side. The great gray
shape wavered unsteadily and swung partly
broadside on to the one armed shooter on
the far side of the stream, Bang! and the huge
bear collapsed into a shapeless mass of fur.
His sides heaved and rolling over on his side
he lay still. The Doctor kept his position
_-_-with the rifle resting on the old bit of tree.
He had only one hand to shoot with and
could take no chances, but finally Bert turn-
ed and coolly remarked, ‘‘He’s safe. Guess
you got your bear Sammy old boy.” by
Sam waded the stream ‘and Bert took the
| rifle and walked to the place where the other
bear was last seen, but he did not have to
shoot. He was as dead as the larger animal.
While Bert was away little crippled Bo stuck
his nose up into the Doctor’s caressing hand
I and trying to raise himself, licked his friend’s
; hand, and then died. He had given his small
life in defense of his two legged friend, and
could do no more, and before the three boys,
(Billy joined them twenty minutes after the
second shooting curious to see what it was all
about) had skinned their two prizes, they
buried the little comrade under a big pile of
3 heavy rocks close up to the huge boulders
: where he had put up his last plucky fight.
ele, That night Bert offered Sam fifty dollars
: for the Remington automatic.
“Nothing doing Bert, I wouldn’t take this
_ gun’s weight in gold after what’s happened.

!

FAN s v

“rugs now and Bert sent in his order for one

%
Bre,
NIK, GB if

Se EY

MEAS Feo:
, *

Why say, what would you have done
had been using a gun that I’d have to of
ate with two hands?” rae
“That’s one or the things that impre
me,’ added Bert. “I was near dea
fright, but when that first slug hit the b oe:
and I felt him flinch, I knew, or at least sus-
pected I had a new chance and believe me
it was a mighty comfortable feeling.” aan
“Well you can get a rifle like this for less
than fifty dollars. There is not a bit of en-
graving on it but it does the work.” ¥: 4
‘And gets the grizzly,”’ remarked Bill. —
After this Bert related how he had trailed, —
with the help of the little dog, the othe
bear all morning until he got the shots Sam
had heard. He had purposely let the brute
cross the stream before shooting, figuring
he and the dog could take refuge among the —
rocks if anything should go wrong. He ~
thought he had six cartridges in the magazine ©
and found that it was empty, after firing —
three shots, and in trying to reload a falling
twig had caught in the action and clogged it,
and,—well the reader knows the rest. cy
The boys left the second day atter, and
although they had the bad news to break
about little Bo to Lonzo he was, as he said,—
“durn glad they got the dog’s slayer at any
rate,”’ and he took the little collar and put it
away in an inside coat pocket.

The two big skins are both mighty fine

of the Remingtons, only, as Sam remarked,
*‘A good plain gun wasn’t good enough for :
him, he had to have a highly engraved ~
weapon.” Moe st:
But the two friends agree on one point,
and that is that they are ready for any sort a
of game when they’re out with the .35 Rem- es
ington automatic. 4
As Doc says, “Even with one arm tied be-
hind your back, you can do some mighty
good shooting,’ and he ought to know.

Have you ever tried one?

14

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OO AEG ge an

A CLOSE CALL

A. W. Peck

AST fall when the season was open for
‘iy hunting prairie chicken in Saskatchew-

an, I was invited by a friend of mine
to go with him for a day’s hunt.

If there is one sport I delight in above
others, it is hunting prairie chicken or rather
grouse, as there are few chickens in Sa-
skatchewan—having along a good dog. So
I eagerly accepted the invitation and along
with my friend and two others, started one
bright sunshiny morning out into the coun-
try in my friend’s car.

We had varying luck throughout the day,
but altogether were well satisfied with our
bag when evening came. We had changed
our ground many times during the day, so
that when we were ready to return we found
that we were a considerable distance from
town, but that did not worry us as the car
would soon cover the distance, so, tired but
in good spirits we tumbled in and started
on our return.

We ran along finely until we were about
ten miles from town, when the car began
to slow up for no visible cause and then
stopped dead. We looked it over seeking
the difficulty but could not find anything
wrong until one of us happened to think of
the gasoline tank, which on investigation
we found dry.

By this time it was pitch dark and we were
not sure of our position, but a light in the
distance showed us where a _ farm-house
was situated, so we pushed the car to one
side of the road and started for the light.
After going through several wheat fields
and extricating ourselves from a barb wire
fence we reached the house and knocked at
the door. It was opened almost immediately
by a large man, whom we recognized at

once as Mr. Demorest, one of the wealthiest
_ farmers in that vicinity.

am We explained our
difficulty to him and he said that we could
phone to town from there for a new supply
of eeeatne. This we did but found that it
could not be sent out until morning, so we
accepted the kind invitation of Mr. Demorest
to stay for the night.

_ After supper was over we sat around smok-
ing and telling yarns, and we naturally fell
into tales of fishing and hunting. Each
of us told of some experience he had had or
of some big day’s shooting, and then Mr.
Demorest’s son, who listened eagerly to all
that was related, turned to his father and said:

“Father, tell about the experience which
led to your coming West.”

This of course aroused our curiosity, and
after a little coaxing he was persuaded to
tell the story.

“My experience took place in Ontario
nearly twenty years ago. Along about the
middle of October Frank Demorest, a cousin
of mine who lived in Belleville, came to visit
me. He was a lad of eighteen, slight of
build and dark, and not being very healthy
used to spend all his holidays with us in the
country. Being about his age and his exact

618

\

opposite in size and temperament, we na-
turally became fast friends.

“In one particular, however, we were alike,
and that was our love of hunting in any
form. During the summer holidays I was
generally too busy helping my father on the
farm, to hunt much, and the only sport
we would have would be on rainy days, when
we would troll along the shores for pike and
bass, so that we always looked forward
to Thanksgiving when Frank would get his
holidays from College and would come down
for a duck shoot.

“My father owned a farm about a mile
from the eastern end of Long Island, which
is situated about twelve miles east of Belle-
ville, on the south side of the Bay of Quinte.
Separating this Island from the mainland,
which is the County of Prince Edward, is
a marsh about seven miles long, and from
half-a-mile to a mile in width. At each end
of the marsh acres te rice grow every
year, and the wild ducks find this very tempt-
ing and make it their feeding ground so that
there is generally good hunting from the first -
of September until it freezes up.

“This year I looked forward to a better
bag than usual as the rice had grown excep-
tionally thick and rank, and several flocks of
fall ducks had frequented here, as well as a
larger number than usual of Black ducks
which stay all-the fall. Besides no one had
hunted in the marsh for nearly two weeks,
and the ducks were becoming quite tame
so it was with impatience I awaited the
time of Frank’s coming, and rejoiced when,
two days before Thanksgiving he arrived,
as anxious as I for the hunt. :

“After talking the matter over we decided
to use the next day for preparation and do
hunting on Thanksgiving Day, which that
year came on Thursday, so having made our
plans~the night before, we started out on
Wednesday morning to make hiding places
for our boats.

“In front of my father’s place the marsh
was about one-half, mile wide, and this until
late in the season was grown up with wild
rice, but about half-a-mile east of the house
the shore on each side closed in, making a
narrower channel, which was generally clear
of all growth. This channel continued for
about a quarter of a mile and then widened
out into the Bay of Quinte.

“Tt was at the mouth of the channel that
the fall ducks seemed to congregate bee:
the daytime in large numbers. They woul
swim back and forth, sometimes going close
to one side or another near the shore, but
generally staying in the centre of the chan-
nel. We decided to build a bough-house in
the centre and one of us hide there while
the other could hide in the rushes along the

bog.
ey cut eight long, light poles, and Frank —

cut a great heap of rushes and tied them ~
together in small bunches. These we packed ng

in our skiffs and paddled to where we v

ete

.
k
"
“3

:

a

F Mig ‘a >s
hte he ae
i

MeN: es yak RAS
| the bough-house. I stuck six poles
ight in the mud, three on either side of

e boat, and then fastened a pole on each
eK =

side along on top of the stakes about four
eet above the water. Frank then took my
place and proceeded to tie the bundles of

- rushes along the horizontal poles so that
the rushes hung from the poles to the water
and completely hid the boat and occupant.
He also hung a line of bunches in front and
behind the boat, so that he was hid from

every’ side.

_ “The bough-house being completed, we pro-
ceeded to fix up our boats. We each had a
ducking skiff, about twelve feet long, one
foot deep, and about three feet across in the
centre, but narrowing to a point at each
end which was boarded over for a distance
of eighteen inches. Both boats had flat
bottoms, slightly rising toward the ends.
We filled these with fresh straw, placed about

ic? fifteen decoy ducks in each boat, also two
ee and a ramrod, and the boats were
ready.

y
“Frank had brought with him a Marlin
pump-gun, and I had a double barreled shot-
: gun, which I have always considered a fast
~ enough shooter for me. These we cleaned
and oiled anew, and having filled our am-
munition boxes we were ready for the mor-

> srow. ?

_ * “That evening a friend of my father’s came
e from Belleville for a hunt, so we had more
‘ hunters than boats, but in talking it over,
: Frank and I offered to go in the largest boat,

and so it was decided and arranged.

“Before daybreak on Thanksgiving morn-
ing we were up, and after a hasty meal we
went down to our boats and started for our
hiding places. It was very dark, just before
the dawn, and we had to feel our way almost

: by instinct, and as we proceeded, the noise
R of our paddles and of the boat shoving
through the rice alarmed all the wild-fowl
____which had come to feed in the marsh during
y the night. First we would hear a series of

loud quacks as’ some Black ducks took to
flight. Then with a beating of the water
and a loud whirr of wings a flock of fall ducks
would rise and with a steadily diminishing
hum would fade away into the black night.
Once a large bird rose directly in front of us
with a loud squack, and one of “‘Gilmore’s
Men” flew heavily away. Again in passing
near a musk-rat house we would disturb one
of these busy little workers, and with a splash
he would disappear, to come to the surface
-. a little farther on and swim away leaving an
f ever widening trail, and so through the
various mysteries of night in a marsh we
made our way, and soon reached the bough-
“a house where we pulled our boat in and made
ourselves comfortable.
“And now it seemed as if Nature had
spread a great mantle over all the world and
shut out all sound. All life was stilled and
; the very water and the air seemed hushed
with expectancy as if anticipating some great
event. A deep, dark overwhelming calm
prevailed making one realize how small an
. atom he is in the midst of the universe.
P Then in the east appeared the first grey
____ streaks of dawn, and the hue of the water began
_ to change from black to white, and as the sky
a.

"

.
:

LOSE CA

SE ean

brightened the wind started, first in little
zephyrs, that vew stronger as the mornin
advanced, until a strong wind was blowi
ee the caps of the waves would break
oam.

“Before going into the bough-house we
set out about thirty decoys, from twen
to forty feet from the hide, so that the du
flying in from the Bay would see them, a
either light amongst them or fly over them
close enough to us so that we would be able
to get a shot at the ducks on the fly. ©
“After the wind started but before it

ing
was ts}
light enough to see well, we could hear the

whistle and whirr of wings, sometimes close,
sometimes afar off, showing that the ducks
we had scared up were still flying; and it
was not long after it was light enough to —
see the decoys, till a small flock of about a

dozen Blue-bills came flying in from the
Bay, caught sight of the decoys, circled and ~
ysl stiffened wings dropped directly amongst
them.

k

“We shot when they had settled down ~

and killed three, and when they rose shot _

again killing two-more. We at once went
out and picked up the ducks, and. had just
got nicely hidden again when with a great
whistling noise a flock of about fifty flew
directly over our heads.
thinking they would light like the others,
but after circling a few times they lit about
three gun-shots off.

“This flock was made up mostly of Broad-
bills and Whistle-wings, with an odd Dipper
or so, and they made a very pretty show
as they sported on the water. The sun,
which was a short way up by this time, shone
and\sparkled around the ducks as they swam —
to and fro, sometimes rising on their feet
with a quick flapping of wings and a show of
their white breasts. They soon began to
feed and first one and then another would
duck their heads and dive for the bottom,
to reappear some distance away, and after
taking a careful look around dive again.
Sometimes half of the flock would be. under
at once.

“They continued to move back and forth,
swimming and feeding, and from time to
time their numbers were augmented by single
ducks and pairs, which we allowed to pass
us without a shot, lest we scare the big flock.
Slowly but surely they worked nearer, but
not until perhaps an hour’s time, during
which we knelt on our knees, making no
noise and impatiently waiting till they should
swim close enough to shoot.

“They would come almost within gun-
shot and then would swing out again, but at
length they swam up to the decoys, and after
a whispered word we picked out our ducks
and shot. We killed five and wounded two
others and when the rest jumped up we got
four more before they all flew out of range.
We then went out and paddled after the
cripples which would dive and swim under
water for a long distance and then put their
heads out of the water only long enough to
breathe before they dove again. By follow- —
ing them, closely, after. several shots we
succeeded in getting them.

“We had just nicely got hid again and
were examining the ducks we had shot, when

We let them go,

i Tawa tae aS Shy POT Reoliih ote BRD
a Ra yahat Rep

620

we noticed two Black ducks fly in over the
land. They circled the marsh once and
then catching sight of the decoys they flew
straight toward us. Telling Frank to take
the first one I crouched down and when
the ducks were straight overhead I raised
up and aimed about a foot ahead of the hind
one. I shot and the duck crumpling up,
twisted and turned as it fell dead to the
water. Frank shot at his duck three times
but failed to hit it.”

“No other large flock came in that day
but small bunches of three and four, and
often a single duck would fly over the decoys
or light into them, so that we were con-
tinually. on the alert and the time flew by
very quickly. We had brought a lunch with
us so there was no thought of dinner.

“All during the day the wind blew strong
but when the sun began to sink the wind
went down with it. In the afternoon the
ducks had settled out in the Bay, but as
dusk settled they started to fly again and
sought their feeding places in the marsh.
Great flocks would fly overhead in ever
changing lines. Very few flew close to us
but would circle about high overhead, then
in ever narrowing circles would drop to their
feed-beds. we ee

“Slowly the sun sank leaving the sky red
in the west, and as the red paled and the
evening star appeared, there came the hum
and beat of myriad of wings as the last great
mass of ducks came to feed. A flock of Teal
would whirr past with lightning speed, close
to the water. Then would come with whistle
and beat of wings numerous flocks of fall
ducks, flying in from the Bay generally high
above us, and as we watched their flight
against the evening sky, they would circle
and recircle the marsh ever getting lower
until with a final sweep they settled to feed.

“At the same time from all directions,
over the land and from the Bay, would come
flocks and pairs and single members of the
dusky, wide-awake sentinels of the marsh.
On ali sides would be heard the loud ‘‘quack,
quack” of these Blacks, which would gen-
erally fly straight in and if not alarmed would
settle at once on their accustomed feed-bed,
but at the least noise foreign to the regular
noises of the marsh, they would spring up
and would not settle again until they had
thoroughly investigated the vicinity by swift
flights overhead.

“During this evening flight we had con-
tinued to exact toll of those ducks which
occasionally flew close enough, and did not
cease until the dusk had deepened so that
we could no longer see to shoot. Then lay-
ing aside our guns we counted our ducks and
found that altogether we had forty-two of
various species, including Teal, Blacks, Blue-
bills, Broadbills, Redheads, Dippers, Whistle-
wings and two Sawbills making up a very
respectable showing, so that we were highly
pleased with our day’s sport and exulted in
anticipation of the showing we would be
able to make at home.

““We stowed the ducks away under the
covered ends, then shoved out and started
to pick up our decoys. I paddled while
Frank who sat in front, picked up the decoys,
wound the anchor cord around them and

ROD AND GUN IN CAN

piled them in front of him. He had te fon ee

up perhaps a dozen when he noticed
the water from the deco
his gun, which he had laid in the bottom
of the boat. He reached down and picked
it up. remarking at the same time that it
would be well to unload our guns, and pro-
ceeded to extract the shells from the maga-
zine. I reached for mine, broke the breech,
took out the shells and reclosed the gun,
then I noticed that Frank was having trouble
with his. A shell had stuck and Frank
worked away for a while in silence, then
impatiently he jerked the lever with all his
strength. The shell was shoved into the
barrel, and his finger in some manner caught
on the trigger pulling it off, and the contents
went straight through the bottom of the
boat, tearing a great hole in it, through which
the water bubbled and boiled...

“For a second we were stunned, then I
shouted to Frank to stop the hole with straw

or something while I paddled for shore,

which I proceeded to do with all my strength,
but it was of no use. The hole was so large
that Frank’s utmost endeavors were without
avail in checking the water which rapidly
rose in the boat, and before we had gone
twenty yards the boat began to settle, slowly
at first, then faster and faster, until we
found it sinking beneath us.

“‘As it filled we scrambled to our feet. I
retained my paddle and with this steadied
myself. The boat went straight down under
our weight and the water rose to our knees;.
to our waists, higher still it climbed to our
shoulders, and with a cold band had encircled
my neck ere the boat reached bottom and
the water was stayed.

*“All this occurred in a few seconds and ~

in silence, save for a continuance of gasps
from each of us as the cold water rose higher
and higher on our bodies, but when the bot=
tom was reached I looked around. My chin
was still about three inches above the water,
but Frank, who was that much shorter than
I, was in a sorry plight and’I could see only
the pale oval of his face as he raised it above
the water, while all around was scattered
straw and decoys, which had risen to the
surface as the boat sank.

“When the first chill had passed I asked
Frank how he fared, and he answered that
he was alright yet but did not think-he could
stand it longer, as he had to raise on his toes
to keep the water out of his mouth. I told
him to work nearer, and when he had done
so I helped to ‘get a foot on the top of each
side of the boat, which raised him a few
inches more out of the water, while I held
and balanced him.

‘“‘Now that we were, for the time being,
comparatively safe we considered means of
escape, and as was natural we called as loud
as we could for help, but the only reply we
got was the frightened quacking of .the
ducks. We had gone down about- sixty
yards from the north shore, and in ordinary
times I could easily swim that far, but with
my boots and heavy clothes on it was not

possible, while Frank could not swim a stroke _
It was also impossible to walk |

at any time. : ]
on the bottom as this was a deep oozey mud
into which one would sink as into quicksan

was dripping on —

vy
ei

a

Li
4
E.
}

ee go
os

a ripple, seeming to our restricted vision a

s

all o’er the land, and the dark gleam
waters was only accentuated by the
gloom of the shore. The wind had
aay down completely and the water lay

without

e a sheet of dull gleaming metal,

great sea stretching away into the unknown.

-_ “Our only hope was to make the folks at
_ home hear us and come to opr aid, but we
3 were half-a-mile from the house, and by this
time they would be inside, probably at their

supper, but as our only resort we raised our
voices together in a long loud call, then
listened intently, but save for the rising and
quacking of the ducks and the splash of a
rat, we received no answer. Again we sent
the loud quavering cry across the black
water, and this time a dog set up a howl
somewhere along the south side of the marsh,
which howl was answered by others from
various points, but still no sign from the
house.

“However, encouraged by the thought
that if we could arouse the dogs, they might
alarm the folks, we continued to send call
after call, until our throats ached with the
strain and we were becoming hoarse when
we heard a faint shrill answering shout, and
a light rapidly zigzagged from the house,
down the hill, to the shore where the boat-
house stood, and we knew that someone was
coming to our rescue.

“The relief we experienced on knowing
we were heard was so great that we only
knew then under what a strain we had stood,
but when the close fear of death had been
removed, and we knew that a rescue was only
a matter of time, we began to be more sensible
of our bodily discomfort. After the first
cold plunge into the water which almost took
our breath away and left us for a moment
speechless the warmth of our bodies and
the excitement under which we stood helped
to throw off the first chill, but when the
excitement subsided we realized how cold
we were.

“At first we talked, figuring how soon the
boat would arrive, but soon the chattering of
our teeth prevented that. We considered
that it would take the paddler from fifteen
to twenty minutes to push his boat through
the thick rice to us, so we grimly set our-
selves to endure until he came, thinking our
troubles nearly over, but we were mistaken.
Perhaps for five minutes we stood after the
boatman had started, while the cold chilled
us to the bone and our limbs stiffened. Then
suddenly Frank cried out, “Jim, hold me, I’m
cramped,” and dropped from sight under
the water. I grabbed for him but my fingers,
clumsy with the cold, slipped from his wet
coat and he went down doubled up in the
bottom of the boat.

._ “Immediately taking a long breath, I
plunged my head under the water and grop-
ing around soon found him, and grabbing
him firmly by the coat, I straightened up,
dragging him with me and raised his head
above the water. His knees were drawn
up and it was with the utmost difficulty that
I was able to hold his head above the surface.
My footing was not very good on the slip-

__-pery bottom of the boat, and with every

3 Ae: bs he
A CLOSE

movement the rush of water bade fa
overturn me with my burden, but someh
I kept my balance. he

“T never felt so thankful for my grea
stature and strength as I did then, wh
it allowed me to hold the body of my friend
and save him from sinking for good beneath,the __
cold waves, but I realized that even with
my strength I could not hold him long.

“‘After the ripple and wash of the waves
had died down, and my nerves had. some-
what settled after my exertions, I strained
my ears for any sound of the approaching ~~
boat. Faintly and still far off, but slowly
approaching I could hear the splash, splash
of the paddle and the harsh grating of the
rice against the boat. Bt

“Slowly, oh so slowly, the boat approached, —
louder and louder came the splashing, while —
great pains began to shoot through my arms
and back, but grimly I held on and would
not let him drop. The pains gave place
to numbness, before I heard the boat draw
near and IJ heard my father call my name.

I shook the water from my eyes and looked
toward him, a faint blot on the water still ih
some distance away, and answered hoarsely,
Guided by my voice he drew rapidly near,
and began to loom mountainlike beside me.
Checking the boat with a back sweep of ;
the paddle, he drew alongside and reaching
over caught me by the collar, but twisting
about I shoved Frank up to him, so letting
go of me he grabbed him and between us
we got him in the boat, though we nearly
swamped it in doing so.”

“Laying Frank, who was still unconscious,
in front of him in the boat, father reached
for me, and [| tried to climb in, but on the
first attempt I could see that I would swamp
the boat which was only a small skiff, if I
persisted, so I let go and dropped back.
Father coaxed me to try again but I told
him to go and return for me, so reluctantly
and with words of encouragement he left ©
me and soon disappeared, as with his full
strength he drove the boat through the
water homeward.

“With heavy heart I saw him depart, and
a feeling of deepest depression filled me, as
I was left now absolutely alone in the grip ©
of the cold pitiless waters. It would take
half-an-hour for father to go and return,
and I saw no chance of surviving the chill
that long, and in despair I closed my eyes,
and as I had been taught in my home, I
prayed to the Great Father for strength to
sustain me. : re

“As I opened my eyes, as if to give me
encouragement, instead of the dense dark-
ness, a faint blush overspread the eastern
sky, which deepened and brightened until
the round bright moon peeped above the Ki
horizon, and rising sailed calmly through
the starry sky, while below another moon ‘
sailed as calmly in the deep blue of the Bay. -

‘The rising of the moon for a short time
took my thoughts away from myself, but soon
the pains and twitching returned, while chill
after chill swept over me, and every bone
and muscle twisted with agony. I was almost
sinking when with a swoop and a flash of
wings, a flock of ducks came in from _ the
Bay and settled amongst the decoys, which

ti ,
eam
eet

1

-

}

ae

622 ROD
still lay scattered around me. The noise and
swell of the water aroused me again, and
once more the numbness began to creep over
me, and I watched the ducks in a dream, as
they swam to and fro, ruffling and pruning
themselves.

“Soon a muskrat came out from the shore,
and turning as he neared me, swam straight
into the path of the moon. On he went
leaving on either side a widening trail of
silver, and I felt that I also must go with
him, and follow that path, white and shin-
ing, straight into the warm bright gateway
of the moon.

“These and other fancies began to fill my
brain, when with a flurry and rush the ducks
arose and disappeared, and I heard the splash,
splash of the paddle returning. Dully I
could see the water sparkle as the paddle
rose and fell and the boat drew rapidly near,
while father kept calling to hold on, hold on
a little longer. Then with a rush and a
quick bend, he grabbed me by the collar, and
with a mighty heave, drew me dripping and
almost senseless into the boat.

“T fell into the bottom and lay there, and
like a nightmare is the return trip, and the
landing on shore, where other men grabbed

__ me and carried me to the house, as my limbs

‘th Pr ASO La)
y

SA VENA Ra,
AND GUN IN CG.

were numb and refused to carry me. They ©

undressed me and put me to bed and doctored

me as well as they could, but the prolonged

chill of the water had entered into a system
n

through eve ore, and a serious illness fol- hy
lowed which left me with a pair of weakened had

lungs. ve
“For a couple of years I doctored and op

fought for health but got no better, until at .

length the Doctor ordered me West, so with

Frank, who had quickly recovered from his

experience, and had suffered no ill-effects,

I came to the West, and we settled together

in this vicinity, where, with the exception of

a few trips back to the old home for a visit,

we have been ever since.”

The clock had struck twelve before Mr.
Demorest had finished his story, but none
of us had noticed the thet of time, as we
listened to his exceedingly interesting tale,
and it was with regret that we found that the
story was ended.

We were still in imagination, feeiing the
chill of the water in our bones, when rising
briskly, Mr. Demorest said, ‘‘Well . boys,
there’s a big day’s work ahead to-morrow,
so let’s go to bed,” and with that led us to
our respective rooms.

BEAR HUNTING WHERE OLD -
LOUIS LIVES .

Eugene P. Rioux

< ELL, well! What’s this?” shouted: Jim.

W *“A letter from Old Louis. Listen to

what he’s got to say.”

At this Frank, Jim’s brother, and Pat
O’Hagan, a Dublin Irishman who had come
‘to join Jim and Frank on their annual hunt
up north, rushed towards Jim to get the old
guide’s news.

This is what old Louis said :-—

“Dear Jim and Frenk: I thenk you and
Frenk better come back for the beeg hunt
for the beeg bar. I see lots of beeg treck

. and plente lug and stump breck. The meeses
got lots of fency beevar bouillon all redy
and I teck the hurse out from your cemp
and fex the good bed and evaryteng for the
beeg towne gentlemen. I will go for the
depot wit the beeg canu and wats for you
cume. Cume queek before the bar go on
thru tha hole for the wenter. Yur ole frend
cuke, Louis Bonhomme.”’

Well, boys, you can imagine how we tum-
bled around for a few minutes, with no re-
spect paid to the pictures on the wall, the
piano keys, the furniture or the beer bottles.
It took some time to recover from the joy of
Teceiving such an invitation as that, and
before we had finished celebrating we were
_almost too tired to start for Louis, whom,
as he was waiting for us, we did not wish
to keep waiting longer than we could help.

None of us missed the early train next
morning, however, and fortunately we man-
aged to hold together until we arrived at
Boland’s Bay and dropped into Louis’ arms.
Our outfit, consisting of canoe, tent, and
provisions was dumped off and carried to
the lake’s edge. Louis did not start to busy
himself however until he had located the
lager barrel but once having done so he
travelled at a high rate of speed. f

Louis was part Indian and part French-
Canadian, mixed with John de Kuyper gin,
he claimed. Anyhow he’s the greatest bear An
hunter we have ever known.

When we were all loaded and ready to
start on our cruise over Lake Wahnapitae
‘Louis took off his hat and began to scratch
his thinker, saying:—

“‘She’s pretty bad wend, look pretty ruff,
*fraid we better wait fur tumorrot”’

This announcement rather alarmed us for
we knew Louis to be a very daring seaman
and when he doubted the weather conditions
must be very grave, for we remembered past
adventures he had put us through on that
lake. ‘“‘Drawing in our horns” in silence
we pulled up and followed the captain about
half a mile to where one of his old pal trap-
pers, called Black Diamond, lived. We
didn’t learn much about this old fellow
or the reason of his peculiar pseudonym.
He was a quiet old chap who watched every

me,

we. made with cat-like prowess.

newly built. Soon the smell of fried trout
ched us and later we were helped to lumps
of the genuine crisp with boiled potatoes and
coffee making-a very palatable meal for our
half starved stomachs. This feast was a
happy reminder of the past and an omen of
‘good for the future. We helped the old
boys with the dishes and then gathered
«around the old fireplace to enjoy a hearty
-. smoke and listen to Old Louis’ “‘bar’’ stories.
Here is one he told. us:—

eS - “T trap the bar on Mountain Creek one
spring and catch a beeg wan. He take away
my trap for two mile. I find him near a
beeg log in a leetle green bush. He make
the beeg noise, ‘Gr-r- -r-u-u and jump over

i tha lug fur me. I jus get behine a tree and
he go by. He get up on hine leg and he was
ketch by tha trap on tha leg before. He
come again and I get by tha tree and hit him
on tha head wit my axe. He fall and I take
my knife and go queek fur cut his neck, but
he get up and [ had no time fur get my axe.
He hit me on the arm, tare all my mackinaw.
Ijump over to a leetle tree and go up. The
bar go to tha lug but too seeck to go over.
I cum down and go nuter side the lug. Wit
my axe I cum easy, mak no noise. I look
and cut the axe hard on tha head. ‘Br-r-r-
u-g-r. She sheck and die.”

if Boys, you ought to hear Louis tell his
stories. There’s a touch of triumph in all
of them and the impressive manner in which
he relates them, and the expressions that
cross his face from time to time during his
recitals are not entirely humorous but some-
times indeed really frightful. We listened
to him far on into the night until our heads
were bending to our knees, all except Pat’s.
He had nervous prostration and nightmare
as a result of Louis’ yarns.

The next day we were up bright and early,
breakfasted and were off to Bruin-land in
short order arriving at our humble servant’s
quarters at 9 a.m. covering twelve miles in
three hours. The lake was a bit rough and
we were heavily loaded. Here’s where we
struck home and were welcomed by Mrs.
Bonhomme and family.

We rigged out our quarters and prepared
for our three weeks’ stay. At 12 o’clock
the gong sounded although we had told
Mrs. Bonhomme on arriving that we were
not hungry, she having then asked us in
forlunch. Pat, the never hungry and always
starving insisted however that we would
wait for dinner. He did not need any coax-
ing to accept the twelve o’clock invitation
.but was the first among a couple of dozen
hungry children. Piling over them in the
doorway we were soon all dealt out a por-
tion of “‘Beevar bouillon” the helpings be-
ing repeated from time to time. Not be-
ing used to this brew we were in a condition
to complain of lack of appetite for several
days following. Finally we came to life
and appointed Louis chef and let me tell
you he’s the best ever and that’s not saying
We: that his wife can’t equal him. She did,
ia and’ Louis says he taught her. Whether he
a . taught her or she him I know not but at

hae ee Pe
‘e ’

rtheless his log camp was a fine’one and |

J
aes PS Fit ONT
aie PVA CUS Oem bty i?

. Naa SED SN
any rate either of them could obtain d
from us. eae
Louis had located new grounds for +
it was decided that we would all be
for the hunt the following morning wh
we would paddle down East Bay, a 25
of four miles where bear Tain bien in the
hills two miles from the lake shore. ae
Our first day out gave us an idea of
country in the East, where we had nevi
hunted before. Part of the day we spent
exploring the hills for signs and we found
many of them and concluded that this part —
of the country was superior to anything ~
we had hunted in before. We made our
plans for the foilawaiee day and returned ~
contentedly to our iriends. The boys had
coffee waiting for us and a roaring fire. —
Mrs. Bonhomme, also, sent over some hot
biscuits and I can assure you they were
given no chance to cool. These people sel-
dom had any visitors. The little girls would
shyly hide behind stumps and empty bar-
rels, moving only when one was not looking
their way. They never saw anything but
bush and none of us ever caught them look-
ing at us for more than half a second at a
time. When we spoke to them they would
immediately strike for the tall timbers from _
which shelter they returned only when hun- —
ger forced them to do so. Their mother
was a pleasing woman in every respect. She ©
was quite shy at first but she gradually be- —
came more at her ease as she became better __
acquainted and was never satisfied that
she had done enough for us. She wasa big,
strong, handsome woman and always wore
a smile. She could use an axe and fire a
rifle as well as any man and many a time
when Louis was out on a trapping expedition _
she would go and bring in her venison. It
was interesting to hear her tell of her early _
days and how she paddled her own canoe ae
to the trading posts of the Hudson’s Bay,
taking trips many miles in length and earn-
ing enough to keep herself and her people
alive. Louis didn’t seem to like to hear
her tell all this and would suddenly break
in with: “Ah boys, wait till tumorro. I~
skere the beeg bar on and you kill.” *
Sure enough when we reached the moun-
tains early the next morning Pat struck out
with Frank and I started in another direc-
tion with Louis. We walked for about half —
an hour when Louis stopped me saying,

‘Jim, you see that beeg hill over dar. You 2

go dar and sit down tha beeg stone and wate
fur me cum.”

Louis had dispatched me before in a simi-
lar way so I knew what it meant. I was ~
off in a jiffy, reaching the point designated _
in about fifteen minutes. I took my stand
and waited. It was a beautiful look-out
and one of those glorious bright, still morn-
ings. Before me lay a vast lowland of rough
country, fallen timber and many small
shrubby hills with numerous valleys to the
ridges beyond. The fall frosts had robbed
the trees of their leaves. I could see into ~
all likely spots where a bear might appear. |
Hopefully I waited, searching with my eyes
and longing for something to appear. I
had almost given up hoping and decided I
had been merely sight seeing instead of hunt-

ee
Pa

when suddenly I heard . Louis’ rifle
about two hundred yards ahead of
me and off to the right. I turned then and
saw Louis standing on a big log pecan
me to stay where I was. Excitement seize
_ me and I turned for the big rock and putting
my gun down on it I waited and in about
a minute a huge bear came running over a
little hill ahead of me and disappeared into
the brush below. This happened so quickly
that I didn’t get time to shoot. In another
half minute the bear’s head was ten feet
ahead of me. I dropped the gun in my
hasty get-away and pulled out my .38 Colt
from my belt, getting behind a tree as Louis
had done once when he was taken by sur-
prise. Peeping out I saw Mr. Bear making
a thirty mile an hour retreat back over a
hill to my left. I pulled a couple of shaky
shots at him as he disappeared for the last
time. In a little while Louis came running
to me and asked me what I had done with
my gun. I told him I had given it to the
bear to shoot himself with.

Louis had been laughing for he had watch-
ed the bear’s movements from the start.
How he laughed! I gave him five dollars
to keep his mouth shut and he did although
the temptation to disclose the occurrence

was at times very great and [I had to keep
a close watch on him when he was using our
rum canteen. I was afraid he would slip
’ it then. I’ll permit him to publish the story
next fall.
Thus ended the day. I felt that I could
not do any more and shouldn’t be allowed
to carry a gun. I hung my head while Louis
chaffed me and put weight on the paddle
as I had never done before, meantime mak-
ing the resolution that if ever I did see an-
- other bear there would be a different story
- to tell. Always before I had had time to
gather my senses and pull the trigger in an
orderly way.
Frank and Pat returned, having shot a
few partridges and seen lots of signs but no
bear. We reported the same but I noticed
Lovis felt pretty cheap about it and so did
| his wife. She started to scold him but he
murmured something in Indian which settled
' things. Pat however grew a little suspicious
of us as doubtless my face was more or less
tell-tale. However his suspicions were for-
gotten when Louis cried, “Beans on the Tab.”
~ We planned. going in a new direction on
- the morrow and hoped for better luck, but
my intention was to again make for that
big rock, back to get my
_ urday morning the weather was damp and
foggy, it having rained some during the night.
Louis claimed that this was the best sort
of weather for bear hunting and we packed
a lunch with the idea of staying out all day.
We reached the mountains at 7 o’clock and
again started out in opposite directions,
Frank going with Pat, and I with Louis.
We tramped steadily on till noon without
seeing any bear and had about reached the
conclusion that our luck had deserted us for
that day and that in returning we had bet-
ter separate and travel in a circling tour to
the lake shore hills. This settled upon we
ate our lunch and left, I takinga course that
would get me across to where I, thought

:

i)

*r

«pene
ses

bear. On Sat-

2 eat DE Ay) ut ; ’
psf AYA. \
nhs Boo A ROR AW SD
Frank and Jim would be, don a @
joining them on their way back.

‘
who was more familiar with the country —
determined to make a cross country dash
by rounding the mountains to the east and —
it was decided that he would wait for us at
Pike Point, three miles trom our landing.
I journeyed on passing many fresh tracks,
both large and small in the sand. I thought —
I was certain to get a glimpse of one at any
moment, but as I approached the higher
lands my hopes began to fade as signs were
not so fresh and plentiful. I was pretty
tired by 2 o’clock and sat down to rest on
top of a high hill from where I could view
the wilds below for miles on both sides. I
had been there about ten minutes when the
sound ot Pat’s rifle broke the stillness. ““Bang!
bang!’ then a pause of a few seconds follow-
ed and both opened fire. The cannonading
seemed to be going on at about two yards
directly in front of me in a big burn and
windfall of huge dry pines roughly inter- —
woven. I wondered how I would ever get
to them. I’ searched with eyes strained
to see where they were and at last observed
them standing on a fallen line amid a clump
of standing timbers. They were making
their way towards me. Something urged
me to shoot, then I thought I had better
wait and perhaps get a shot at a bear mak-
ing his get-away. I watched for results
but nothing appeared. Then I noticed a
sudden commotion among them. Bang! and
a minute later, to my surprise, I saw them
run to a tall, dry tree. My attention was
drawn to a black object in the tree. ;

“What's that, a cub?”

Yes, and the little thing was making its
way towards the top. I could distinctly
hear its short cries at intervals. They sound- |
ed like those of a week old calf. At this
moment I was overcome by a number of
exhilarating thoughts. Had they shot the
old bear, or had they not? If only I had ~
wings I could flv over to where they were.
I must get there some way and with this
thought I was off. The faster I tried to get
over those logs however, the slower the pro-
gress made. The limbs caught in my cloth-
es, my coat pockets welcomed all pine knots
that were encountered and I was baffled at
every step. I sinally managed to get to
within fifty yards of them but still they
could not hear my screams. I pulled out my
Colt and started firing at the bear. This
attracted their attention and operations were
suspended until my arrival. I was out of
breath, so were they, when I arrived on
the scene. I then learned that the intention
was to get the cub out alive. Meantime
I began asking questions, as to whether they
had shot the old one or not but they hadn’t
time to listen to me. They pushed me away
saying I wasn’t in on this and to beat it
back to Louis, and get him to find me a
bear. However this sort of chaffing didn’t
last long and then the question was asked
who was going to tackle the bear. I was
given the opportunity but I told them I
wasn’t “in it.” 3 : ioe

“By the ould Oireland I’m going,” sai
Pat. He looked pretty nervous as we offer.
ed to shake hands with him and would ha

- right then with his left. Pat would duck
- and shout, “Kill him,” while we replied,
“Get him.” Fortunately the bear turned
out on a big limb a little below Pat who had
_ managed to get to another limb in order to
_ give the bear the right of way. All this took
place at a height of some twenty-five feet
from the ground. Pat would have jumped
but he thought the distance too great. Dur-
ing the interval which followed Pat expressed
his feelings in no uncertain tones. Indeed
he could have been heard for miles. Pat
even showed his teeth to the bear, who did
likewise. Pat seemed to say, “I'll get you,”
and the bear, “Will you?’ Pat started out
with a broken limb he was able to secure
and kept advancing while the bear kept
creeping back. Suddenly, crack, bang, went
the limb and a second later one of the great-
est battles I have ever seen or expect to see
between man and beast was in progress.
Immediately we piled in to the rescue. and
at once all three of us were in trouble. We
managed after a short time to overcome our
opponent and with many bleeding scratches,
Pat’s being the worst, we retired from the
fray the victors and tied up our trophy
with all the shoe laces we possessed. After
skinning the old bear, which they had se-
cured, and bandaging Pat’s many wounds,
we started for home, I packed the bear while
Frank helped Pat along. It took a good
many cheering words to bring him, too, for
he was seriously hurt. His bruises and the
resultant stiffness kept him in camp for a
week. Indeed we thought it lucky that he
came out of it without a broken limb for he
had had a fall from a considerable height.
Pat sure was game all right. Despite his
experiences he was able to laugh over them
and described himself as quite satistied with
his outing.. Although painfully paid for

_ this was exciting sport without a doubt.
Old Louis listened to our story with great
bewilderment and was sore because we.
- hadn’t brought a piece of bear steak with
Monday

us. It rained all day Sunday,

and ues
next day,

we returned on Thu

bag was a two-year-old buck which |
shot thinking that a taste of venison
suit our appetites and indeed it met wi
great approval. Deer were plentiful in th
part of the country but we were after
and nothing but bear. It rained a
Saturday and I stayed in camp with Pat w
Louis and Frank went out for a bird
returning with a fine string. Louis made |
ten quart pail full of bouillon trom the birds
they secured which lasted us all day Sunday

Mrs. Bonhomme spent Sunday evening
with us. Louis had asked her over to tell”
some of her stories. Here is one she told of
Louis :— '

“Louis one time he go away from camp
for two weeks, I go and stay with my sister ;
he leave the dog tied at the door, with no-—
thing to eat ; when he come back the do
pretty near dead ; he go in the camp an
find nothing to eat but potatoes ; he throw
the dog some potatoes, and the dog catch
them every time. The cat hungry, too,
climb up on his shoulder and scratch him —
on the neck ; Louis get mad; he throw the
cat out the door. The dog catch the cat
and swallow him down. Ah, no more cat,
—me and Louis very sorry.” ;

We resumed our hunting on Monday. —
Pat was with us and we had very good luck —
all that week. We saw bear almost every
day and shot two yearlings and one old
male, the latter being extremely large. Pat
and Louis got him within a hundred yards
of the lake shore and he was about to put
up a fight when Louis opened on him at
three hundred yards and killed him instantly
hitting him in the head, Pat having wound-
ed him previously in the shoulder at close
range while he was rushing up a hill to get
a sight ot him. With five fine pelts we —
were more than satisfied. In addition we
had the live cub which however we left with —
Louis as our relations were not of the friendli- —
est and we feared we would not get along well —
with his cubship. ur

After spending nearly three weeks with
our kind friends we left: We detected alook ~
of regret in their eyes as we said good-bye
and Mrs. Bonhomme and the children gather-—
ed on the lake point while Louis climbed
the tallest, tree and for as long as we could —
discern his brave, stout form, we could see—
him waving his hat to us in farewell. ae

(1) Chute Aux Iroquois, Labelle.

joy the luxury of a very pleasant holi-

~ day amongst some of the most beautiful
scenes in the world, for amongst the Lauren-
tian Mountains you can be accommodated
atta nice boardfng house or hotel at extremely
reasonable rates. The Canadian Pacific Rail-
way serves the real pleasure haunts of the
Laurentians. Shawbridge, Piedmont, Ste.
Adele, Ste. Margaret, Val Morin, Ste. Agathe,

O'e: does not need to be wealthy to en-

(2) On Lake Joseph, Laurentians.

(3) Going Picnicing.

St. Jovite, Mont. Tremblant, Labelle, An-
nonciation, Nomining, Barrette, and Mount
Laurier, are all on the line that crosses this
enchanting district for a distance of 158
miles. The atmosphere amidst these resorts
is bracing and-Healthy, and to look on the
wonderful profusion of lake, river, woodland,
and mountain scenery is in itself, a vigor
restorer. In any of the holiday places you
can enjoy a comfortable rest, or you may

626

amongst the romantic valleys
itain slopes, feeling so happy that
t what time it is, and perhaps return
lunch or dinner. The waters of the
ivers and lakes are clear and refreshing, and
as they have sanded bottoms they are suited
o the temperaments of the most critical of
wimmers and bathers. Fishing, canoeing,

~ i

like surface of Devil’s Lake and as
we neared the centre Harry laid down
his paddle and whispered that it was a peach
of an evening for a call and just the right
time, namely 5 o’clock.
I smiled back, “Let her go.”

Si It was one of those rare evenings when
after a rainy day the sun comes out, the sky
clears and the voice of a squirrel scolding
four hundred yards away in the bush can
be clearly heard.

é I leaned back against the thwart and
+o made myself comfortable. The sun was
F just dipping behind the hills as Harry cupped

i canoe slid along over the mirror

fs his hands over his mouth and bending for-
bs ward gave a low call. As this mating call
a of the cow moose floated over the lake and
4 echoed and re-echoed along the ridges I

strained my ears for the grunt of a bull.
Feeling that indescribable quiver of the
canoe that indicates the man in the stern
' has moved I glanced backwards and saw

) that Harry was looking back and listening
: with all his ears. To the query suggested
by a raising of my brows he whispered:
“T heard a moose get to his feet somewhere
but don’t know which side of the lake it
was on. I wish he’d move again so I could
get under cover before he locates us.”

For two or three minutes we neither moved
nor spoke. Then suddenly I felt the canoe
start to sing and glide forward and swiftly
though silently we neared a bunch of low
cedars that overhung thewaters. As we
neared their shelter Harry pointed up over
the ridge and told me that he was coming
and not to make a sound.

I looked my rifle over carefully, for the
fortieth time that day, to make sure it was
loaded and the sights clear. To our left
a red squirrel was scolding and Harry was
afraid it would put the bull wise but just
- then he held up his head and for the first

time I heard the bull. He did not grunt
however ; he was tog old and wise for that,
‘ and besides it was»still daylight. We heard
a thin metallic ring which indicated thin
webs and long points and made us_ think
he must have a good spread. Occasionally
we could hear a twig snap under his feet
but for a big animal in the bush it was re-
Bag markable how little noise he made.
ee ““He’s a wise one,’ whispered Harry as he

-" leaned toward me. He hasn’t grunted yet
and he’s picking his way around the brush

“arr.

y “4 t ¢ fi he 3 by , La 5 ‘ e
motor boating, tennis, golf, mountai

_ MOOSE CALLING ON THE SPANISH.
as RIVER > 7

W. Edwin Troup

; rays oe

ing are amongst the chief sports. But i

do not wish to indulge in any of these »
may sit on the shaded verandah of |

hotel and enjoy yourself chatting v
good steady minded Canadian sfolks, mz
of. Eeioue will be of your own frame «
mind. .

irying to sneak out and have a look around ©
ESE va
About a hundred yards from the lake the ©
noise stopped and the guide whispered that —
he was on the ridge where he could see over
the lake and that he was taking alook round
to see if he could see the cow in the water.
“Guess I will coax him a little,’ said —
Harry and another low and muffled calltloat-
ed over the lake the only response to which

ee

was a threshing of antlers in the brush, ae
The bull, however, refused to budge. “ie
“So you want a fight, do you?” said Harry

after a couple of minutes had passed.
right,” and he gave three or four grunts
like a bull, hoping to bluff the old fellow
into thinking there was already a bull with
the cow. At this the bull started to move
along the ridge where a big runway, which
ran parallel with the ridge and beside a
swamp, led into the lake. When he reach- ‘
ed the runway, or where he could see over it,
he started to feed and although we could
not see him we could hear him break the
brush and crunch it. e V4

‘That bull is too smart,” remarked Harry. \
He isn’t coming into the water till dark and
will doubtless spend the intervening time in
feeding. He got where he could watch
the runway so the cow couldn’t sneak away
without his seeing her. I think, however,
he is too sure of his cow.”

“Try another call,’ I urged.

*‘No,”’ the less calling we do now the bet-
ter our chances are. It is plain he won’t
come to the water till after dark so I think
we had better go in and have a look at him. ;

Pointing the canoe to where the moose
trail came into the lake he whispered:

*‘T will push in there as soon as the bow
strikes. Jump right out then and have your é
rifle ready and if the noise scares him you
will get a running shot anyway. If it doesn’t
scare him and you don’t see him, stand still
till I get out.”

The canoe moved forward and when it
stopped I quickly but quietly jumped over
the bow. I straightened up quickly ready
for business, but the moose was making sO]
much noise feeding and was apparently so.
sure we were moose that he paid no atten-
tion to us. The guide crept quietly out of
the canoe and stood at my shoulder as he
whispered:

“The bull is right up there by that dead
pine, about one hundred yards back. If

Cy PERSE RR 2 aE OR ROS OS BS
‘ ‘ d a na TOY ea par Sa se

e

_ was

628
we follow this runway it will take us to him
and when you get to that birch tree you
will be able to see him.” It was only fifty
yards of fairly good travelling as a moose
trail that is much travelled is usually fair-
' ly open. On my feet I wore a pair of oil-
tanned beef-hide moccasins and although
they were not much to look at, the guide
told me I was almost the only man he had
ever taken into the bush that had proper
still hunting footwear. The others all wore

a hard soled shoe that frightened away all

the game. He cautioned me, however, to

watch my feet all the time I was moving.

He told me too, that if I wanted to look

around I should stop when doing so. He

advised me when putting my foot down to
drop the toes first and lightly scrape all
leaves and twigs out of the way. Also I was
instructed not to step on any logs or sticks
but to step over them and to stop and look
carefully about every ten or fifteen feet.

Then he told me to get in front so I could

shoot, while he walked behind. I started

out following his instructions as closely as
I could. It seemed slow work but it was

certainly quiet. Every time I stopped I

could hear the bull’s horns and hear him

chewing the brush but I was not able to see

him. During this well remembered stalk I

recall coming to a birch tree that had fallen

across the runway and was nearly rotten.

It seemed too: big to step over and I looked

to Harry to see what I should do. He mo-

tioned to me to step over it, so although it

was a fierce stretch I did so. As I looked
_ back the smile on Harry’s face told me I
progressing satisfactorily. When I
reached the white birch I straightened up
and peeped carefully around it and there
on the hillside fifty yards away stood my
big black bull. His big yellow ‘antlers roli-
ed as he fed and his ears wagged contented-
ly. He seemed very, very unsuspicious just
then and it certainly spoke well for Harry’s
ealling. We had a slight argument as to
the size ot his horns and aiter a while Harry
said, “All right, you’re the boss ; if you want
him, take him.”

“He'll do,” I said, and I raised my rifle.
He was standing broadside but in a clump
oi small brush, not an ideal spot to slip a
‘bullet through, but there was no choice.
I aimed as carefully behind the shoulder as
I could and when the heavy automatic roar-
ed the bull kicked out behind and sprang
forward. When he landed from his second
jump I fired again. By this time he had
reached the runway and as my third shot
rang out he swung around and started down
the runway toward us galloping as only a
badly wounded bull moose can. Quickly
he covered the intervening yards. I could
see the great horns roll and jerk at the end
of each leap. I could see his mane jerk and
the wild frightened death-hunted look in his
eyes. As I fired my fourth shot the great
head tossed into the air, the hindquarters
seemed suddenly weak, his mighty legs re-
fused to bear his weight and when so close
that the guide sprang behind a pine stub
shouting to me to get out of the way that
the death blow had been launched, the shock
of the big .401 bullet combined with the

“ROD AND GUNIN CANADA.

bull’s own emergency brakes stopped 1,
short. Then the flash of the rifle /in — is
—— combined with the shock made him
change his plans and as he swung tipsily
sideways I fired my last bullet into the great
black neck and he dropped in his tracks.

HE HAD A 51 INCH SPREAD, AND POINTS
LONG AND SLIM AS HARRY HAD SAID BEFORE
WE SAW HIM.

I held out a shaky hand to Harry and
the honest old man nearly made me yell.
As long as the shooting lasts I am as cool
as ice but once the excitement is over I
usually go shaky.

Walking over to the bull I removed my
hat in the presence of the great dead beast»
and we stood and talked it over. He had
a 51 inch spread and 19 points, long and
slim as Harry had said before we saw him.

From where I stood while the shooting
was going on to where the bull lay was twen-
ty-one feet. Yet I do not believe this bull
was attacking us and although I do not think
he would have stopped when so close unless
he was shot and knocked out, the guide and
I both believe the pain of the wounds, added
to the surprise of finding men in there, (we
were seventy miles back from the C.P.R.
over the Height of Land, where men are
scarce) caused him to run towards the lake
when he reached the runway. We found
the first shot had struck an alder and de-
flected and hit the bull back in the flank.
The second shot was too far back also but
just missed breaking the backbone, scrap-
ing under it. The third shot when he turn-
ed was evidently a miss. The fourth hit
him in the breast squarely in the sticking
place and ranged backward. This was the
bullet that stopped him and was a grand
shot. The fifth and last shot. broke his
neck. He was a very large, rough old fel-
low and was badly cut up from fighting which
would explain his unwillingness to come
out when Harry challenged him. er

As we paddled back to camp in the gather- —
ing darkness Harry said, “‘That speaks pretty |

Ss

a. oe

we

ae ee

_ the air was!

Si

last to the lake.

within a mile of camp after we are
ra week.

; at

j ne ist a
saw, you wouldn’t have got him.”

Harry knows for he is one of the f an
guides of Ontario and can guarantee a mo

tes

if his man can bit it and is willing to do ABO

he is told.

AN OCTOBER MORNING ON THE
LAKE AND IN THE WOODS

Betty B. Hall

HE night before the 21st of October,
last year; two friends of the writer
drove up in their motor and enquired:

“Could you possibly go with us to-morrow
morning? We leave at 5 a.m. for the lakes—
to shoot duck and perhaps partridge, in-
cidentally to celebrate our wedding day.”

“Indeed I can,” I exclaimed. “I'll play
truant from the office gladly. Such a chance
as this is not be to given up lightly.”’

That night I gathered together a hetero-

enous collection of clothes, including heavy
Boots. sweater and sweater coat, knickers and
short skirt. ;

What a weird time of the morning tour
o’clock is to anyone whoisn’t accustomed to-
getting up to milk the cows—or go duck
shooting! MHurriedly dressing I crept steal-
thily downstairs to get the snack I had been
admonished to secure before setting out, tor
we were not to have breakfast until ten
o'clock. The snack disposed of I went to the
door and looked out. How cool and damp
I looked up and down the street
but there was no one in sight, only my béte
noir, a gray cat by the way, slowly advancing.
He saw the open door and fancied it con-
veyed an invitation, but found out differently
when as he turned up the walk to the house
I coolly shut the door in his face. Once I
fancied I heard the motor and snatching up
my heavy coat made for the door to find it
was only a particularly early milkman. About
5.30 some one dashed up the steps. The
motor had stopped-at a near-by corner. Ina
moment we were snugly and warmly. tucked
therein, tour of us in all. The fog lay heavy
on the fields as we spun by making them ap-
pear like softly glimmering lakes. Occasion-
-ally a waving lantern proclaimed that some
farmer man had already begun his day’s work.

In a short time the sky grew faintly pink,
then deeper and finally the pinkness was
absorbed by the yellow rays of the rising sun.
We drew up before an uncultivated field, a
gate was let down and we bumped across the
meadow till we reached the edge of a marsh
or swale. Three of us camped, leaving the
fourth member of our party, who was recover-
ing from a recent illness, snugly ensconced in

. the motor with a book. We three picked our

Way across the boggy earth till we came at
The doctor pulled out the
canoe and we embarked and forthwith pad-
dled straight for the ‘hide’ on a muskrat
mound a short distance out in the lake. The

ahs yr water was very high and there seemed only a

thin film of earth above the level of the lake. ”

There were boards however which had been
placed there on,a previous expedition and we
stepped out on these while the man of the par-
ty drew up the canoe. Then we sat down in
the canoe and crouching amidst the yellow
shrubbery waited about ten minutes before
straight from the north, flying towards our

decoys, came a mallard duck and lighted

down some distance from the decoys. Bang!
went the rifle and bang! a second time. The

duck was wounded but flew some distance :

beforesdropping. The doctor pushed off in
the canoe hurriedly while we balanced on the
driest board for only the previous week he had
shot a duck only to see it disappear under the
water, stolen by a muskrat, he said, before
he could get to it. This time however, the
prize was secured. It was quite dead when
he reached it. How beautiful it was! I
could not help but feel sorry that its free wild
life was over, though I must confess this was
but a fleeting bit of feeling,for some nights later
I helped to eat it and enjoyed it too. ‘

The outlook from the hide was a beautiful
one. Above the eastern rim of the lake the
big red sun was pushing its way and later
a pathway oi shining gold stretched straight
across from the shore to our hide. We listen-
ed in silence to the flute-like notes of the yel-
low plover and to the hoarse caws of the
flocks of crows that passed overhead. We
watched a busy kingfisher as he dived noisily
into the water to bring forth a fish or insect
for his breakfast. In the swale a farmer boy
expostulated wildly with his dog who was
bringing home the cows.

We stayed in our place ot concealment until
8.30 then pushed out into the lake and went
back to our landing place at the edge of the
swale. I carried the duck to the motor while
the doctor and his wife made their way
through the bush in the hopes of scaring up a
partridge. They were unsuccessful however
and we all packed ourselves in once more and
bumped across the field again and down the
road till we came to another woods, a de-
lightfully dry one this, through which we
tramped in search of the elusive birds. We
scared several but did not get a shot at them.
Several lakes were visited but no more ducks
were secured. At 11.30 wesat down to alunch
by the roadside, an appetizing ‘good square’, it
was of hot boiled potatoes, fresh made coffee,
cold chicken and partridge, celery, bread and
butter, apple pie and fruit. Some more
motoring and we paid a visit to a lovely

Lae» afew © oc Ot 5
wohl

. aw

ROD AND

630

beech wood where squirrels and chipmunks
as tame as chickens careered up and down
the fences and the trees or perched saucily
on brush heaps.. Then to the motor again,
homeward bound. On our way back we
gathered an armful of Canadian holly and
picked a sweater full of delicious red snow

GUN IN

CANADA

apples from a tree that grew inviting!
to the roadside and conveniently far
house.
for the doctor to keep an appointment he had
made for half past one and for the writer to

om a
We reached home at 1.20 just in time

change her costume and make a tardy ap-

pearance at the office.

WORLD’S LARGEST BUFFALO HERD
IS IN CANADA, AT WAINWRIGHT,
PARK, ALBERTA

HAT the Canadian Government is meet-
i ing with signal success in its efforts
to preserve the buffalo from the swift
extinction which threatened it a few years
ago, is demonstrated in a report on the
growth of the herd at Wainwright Buffalo
Park, -Alberta, just received by Mr. H. R.
Charlton, General Advertising Agent of the
Grand Trunk System, from Mr. J. B. Harkin,
Dominion Parks Commissioner.

_ The report shows that in April, 1909,
the herd numbered 402. Since then it has
gradually increased at the rate of about 200
per annum, until to-day it numbers 2,077.
During the period from 1909 to 1913, 338
head were imported at different times from
other herds, the main increase accruing from
breeding. The small loss of 71 from various
causes since 1909 is high testimony ‘to the
suitability of the park as a breeding ground,
and the care taken of the herd, especially
during the winter, when food is difficult for
the animals to find, and it becomes necessary
to feed them.

The history of this Wainwright Park herd
of buffalo, now the largest in the world, dates
back to 1873, when one of the Pend d’Oreille
Indians captured four little bison calves—two
bulls and two heifers—by cutting them out
of a stampeded herd on the Flathead reserva-
tion in the State of Montana. In accord-
ance with a peculiar characteristic, often
noticed by old plainsmen, these young crea-
tures obediently followed the horses of the
hunters who had slain or driven off their
mothers. The Indian in question gave them
to the Mission of St. Ignatius, where they
were kept as pets and became as domesticated
as ordinary cattle. When the heifers were

‘four years old, each had a calf. From that
time on they gradually increased in number,
until, in 1884, there were thirteen head, and
the Indian owner, finding the care of them
too great a tax on his scant resources, decided
to give the Dominion Government an option
to sell them. Ten head were purchased for
$250 apiece by C. A. Allard and Michel
Pablo, who were ranching on the reservation,
and were shrewd enough to see that speci-
mens of what was even then supposed to be

- practically an extinct animal would eventually

become very valuable.

The buffalo herd increased under their
careful supervision, and in a few years it

became possible to sell specimens at very
high prices. Some idea of the average rate
of increase may be deduced from the observed
fact that half the cows give birth to calves
every year, while twin calves are not uncom-
mon.
creature. There are instances of the Pablo-
Allard calves finding their feet in less than
a minute after birth and showing fight within
half an hour.

In 1906 Hon. Frank Oliver, then Minister
of the Interior, obtained an option on the
600 unsold head belonging to Messrs. Pablo
and Allard, and eventually they were all
bought for $200,000. The “round-up” last-
ed two months, and was carried out by 75

cowboys, horsemen picked for their ability

from every part of the great Montana ranges.

The long railway journey of 1,200 miles
to Alberta was accomplished with a loss of
less than one per cent.

Since it became the property of the Can-
adian Government, this great herd has fared
well in the new National Park at Wainwright.
The park, which is one of the features on the
Grand Trunk Pacific main line between
Winnipeg and Edmonton, is becoming a

favorite resort of the traveller who is inter-

ested in these “‘living antiques” of the animal
kingdom. It has an area of 160 square miles,
and contains many clean-bottomed lakes,
endless chains of hay-swamps, and sheltered
river valleys, and is securely enclosed with
a high fence of wire and tamarack posts. A
number of deer are enclosed, so that the bison
have companions in their spacious reserva-
tion.

In addition to preserving the buffalo, the,

Government is making experiments with a
herd of cattalos, an animal produced by the
crossing of the buffalo with the domestic cattle,
the object being to produce a strain of beef-
producing animals particularly suitable to
the more northern and rugged regions of
Canada.

The anatomy ot the buffalo is favorable

to the carrying of heavy carcasses of beef.
They possess an additional pair of ribs, as
well as much longer spines. Although these

As a rule the bison calf is a very hardy”

_

extra ribs are not always perpetuated in the ~

cattalo, the length of back persists. Along
these spines very heavy muscles are carried,

enabling the animals to carry an except uf

h.gh percentage of beef on the back, whi
is the most valuable part of the carcase.

y
-

“WORLD’S LARGEST BUFFALO HERD

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[0] 276 sa

M] MATTERS PERTAINING TO.
CONSERVATION. :-: :-:

PROTECTION OF GAME

an interesting subject, handled in a

most entertaining manner, in an address
that was exceptionally well worked out and
cleverly tabulated in its sequence, was the
subject chosen by Dr. Gordon C. Hewitt to
deliver before the Canadian club of Ft.
William at its noonday luncheon on August

6 ee Conservation of Canadian Game,

The speaker explained that conservation
signified the use without the abuse of Cana-
dian game, and meant that the resources be
handed down to posterity in such a manner
that subsequent generations might derive the
greatest possible enjoyment from it. 2

If game were lost to a country, province
or state, it could never be replaced. He
preferred to call it wild life, meaning moose,
caribou, wapiti, elk, bear, Rocky Mountain
goat, and sheep, game birds and non-game
birds.

Canada Last Stronghold
’ The significance in Canada of game con-
servation was great. Canada has the last
stronghold of big game. Canada was the
greatest haunt of the moose. and of the
caribou and wapiti, also of the Rocky Moun-
tain goat, the Rocky Mountain sheep and
grizzly bear. The last passenger pigeon had
now died, and passenger pigeons in Canada
could never be replaced. Had it not been for
the foresight of the ‘Canadian Government
there would be hardly any buffalo or bison in
Canada left. Mere numbers did not in-
dicate that the animals were going to con-
tinue, unless they had adequate protection.
There were two causes of extermination, one
avoidable and the other unavoidable. The
extermination of buffalo was to a large extent
unavoidable, but that was no reason why
they should become absolutely extinct. He
instanced the Esquimaux curlew as a case of a
bird which might be considered to be extinct,
which a few years ago was very plentiful.
Wild Life Is a Trust.

“Why should we conserve our wild life?”
“Why should we hand it down to posterity?”
“What has posterity done for me?’ were
questions often asked. Game was received
as a trust and should be kept in trust for pos-
terity, first, for recreation, secondly for
economic reasons and thirdly for educational
purposes. He showed how the chief value
of wild life was that it increased human
efficiency, by benefitting those who spent two
at weeks or more in the wilds. Hunting trips

ea

oe:

632

made for resourcefulness. Then waste lands,
such as those between Fort William and Sud-
bury, could be made food-producing dis-_
tricts. The value of deer slain in the state
of Vermont in 1908-9 was about $107,000.
The price of food was advancing, especially
the price of meat, and if the wild life of
Canada especially deer, were conserved, it
would result in waste parts of the country
becoming revenue-producing. There was no
reason why caribou should not be shipped
from the North-west in time, as mutton was
from New Zealand. Then the value of
insectivorous birds was inestimable, almost.
The country lost on account of insect pests
$150,000,000 on field crops alone, and there-
fore they must use every effort to preserve
re factors which went to prevent such a
oss.

There could be no more fruitful source in
reference to education than that of the youth
of the country, especially the boy scouts.

Principles of Conservation.

Dr. Hewitt then dealt with the principles
underlying wild life conservation. Wild life
must be protected during the breeding season;
females and young must be protected, and
refuges or reserves must be established. Then
there was a danger from overshooting, es-
pecially in efforts to secure the largest head,
which always came from the most virile ani-
mal. Only the surplus should be killed off,
and there should be an adequate and careful
policy outlined in regard to the destruction
of the predatory enemies of wild life.

In Canada they were doing what they
could, but more must be done. He instanced
a large number of game reserves, such as the ~
buffalo park at Wainwright, the Rocky
mountains park, Jasper park, Laurentian park,
Algonquin park and a reserve north of Lake
Superior. ¥

*

Co-operation. i
He suggested the good sportsmen of the
district getting together and forming game
protective associations, and spoke of the
international effort between Canada and the
States for the protection of migratory birds. —
Individually, they could co-operate and
educate others; good laws should be secured;
their proper enforcement should be secured;
and competent and trustworthy game war- —
dens should be obtained. ae
Dr. Hewitt concluded a splendid address. wt
by saying “Be sportsmen; go out for re-
Wok

iat Seep 8 fn Ae
aia | “Sanctuary.”’” t
llowing editorial appeared in the
lliam Daily Times Journal the day
‘the delivery of Dr. Hewitt’s address.
seldom happens that the pointing out
evil or of a danger is accompanied
aneously with a simple and inexpensive
edy, and for this reason the country owes
) debt of gratitude to men like Dr. Charles
rdon Hewitt, for bringing forward practical
uggestions forthe preservation of game at the
" same time as he was pointing out the growing
searcity of many of the most typical forms of
~ Canadian wildlife. With the brief time at his
_ disposal to speak to the Canadian club Dr.
Hewitt had but little opportunity to descant
upon the value of the conservation of the
game, or, as he preferred to put it of the wild
_ |ife of Canada, the latter term embracing not
~ only what was popularly known as game birds

_ as destroyers of insect pests and serve as a
_ protection to our forests and crops. But
there are so few to whom extinction of our

_ indigenous mammals and birds would not
-- seem a grave loss, even if they are not sports-
men in the narrow sense of the word, that the
simple remedy suggested by the conservation
commission expert ought to appeal to a wide
audience.

This remedy is summed up in the word
“sanctuary” or “refuge,’’ by which is meant
an area of wild lands set aside, large enough
' to permit the native wild life to propagate
_ itself under wholly natural conditions, in
_which the destruction of any form of lifé will
be absolutely prohibited at all times and under
all circumstances. Experience has shown
that in areas thus preserved not only does the
_ breeding of birds and mammals _ proceed
_ undisturbed, but the knowledge of such places

\

FHEN every one of you sportsmen of

Ontario supported the no-sale of wild

_" fowl law were you thinking only of your

‘4 Nn personal pleasure and recreation? Is it
necessary that the government of this Pro-

vince appeal to some other source for assis-

. tance in the development of a new food sup-:

ply for the people as a whole? The sports-
men of this Province have a short time to de-
oes cide and are now being subjected 'to a test.
__ Are you equal to the occasion and prepared
” to face the issue squarely in the face?

In these days of the high cost of living,
vanishing beet and vanishing big and small
game, no man need apologize to the Ontario
Minister of Public Works and Highways, F.
cDiarmid, or to any member of the

various

and animals, but alsoa host that are useful >,

_ SHALL WE HAVE A NEW FOOD.
: SUPPLY? a

Age teenie become

pecies and they 1
sanctuary to such an extent that
appears as if they understood the immuni
which they possessed in this prescribed :
trict. The distinction between a pres gs
and a sanctuary is very rigidly drawn, the —
preserve being a place where game is kept for __
hunting under certain regulations, and th "3
sanctuary being a spot where wild life is
secure from the hunter year in and year out, :
season or no season, and the cameraisthemost
deadly weapon allowed to be used by the
sportsman. Under the conditions of agame’ ~~
sanctuary the wild life becomes so prolific -
that there will be a continual overflow from the —
prescribed district into the surrounding open
territory and the hunter who is looking for
sport in shooting will be benefitted by the 5
withdrawal of these tracts from his former
hunting grounds, while the naturalist will be
rewarded by the preservation of species, hf
which are now growing rare, from the in- —
discriminating gun of the pot hunter. As |
pointed out, for example by Dr. Hewitt, the —
males of the fallow deer increase in four times
the ratio required for the propagation of the
species, so that three out of every four bucks
will be ejected from the sanctuary and be
legitimate quarry for the huntsman.

The establishment of such refuges in this
northern country should be a matter of com-
parative ease, and it is here that they are
required, in the districts to which the advance
of settlement has already banished the wild
fauna of Canada. A plan that seems so sim-
ple, inexpensive and at the same time so
effective, should enlist the co-operation of

governments and municipalities, and also, as 4
being vitally interested in the matter from
many points of view, of the railway companies’
of the Dominion. From such .educative _ a
work as that of Dr. Hewitt great results — ee
should be possible. ba
ai
=

E. R. Kerr | =
(oo

legislature, for bringing forward a plan care- Ps a

fully formulated to increase the supply of Ff iets

food, and also to preserve the sport of game
hunting from becoming, i

oe

in Ontario and

ro,
hy

Canada as a whole, an extinct pastime. ah
Good citizens, whether sportsman or or- a
dinary individual, who bring forward meas- ii
ures for the greatest good of the greatest he
number, without asking for,—or intendin, Be,
ever to ask for,—‘‘big appropriations,”’ an ;

4

tates te

without personal axes to grind, naturally
hope for the active co-operation of lawmakers _
throughout the Dominion, even though the ~—
army and navy and successful conclusion of
the war claim first attention and consideration,

and the most generous support.

The suggestions now being put forth for

handy reference book for sportsmen.

634

the creation of game protective bodies in every
county, and establishment therein of game
sanctuaries in our forests is the logical out-
come of the wasteful, destructive and some-
times lawless times in which we now live.
Every new rifle and shot-gun, every new
automobile and “good road”’ is a fresh menace
to our pitiful remnant of wild game. The
man who doubts this need only go out into any
alleged game country, ask questions and use
his eyes in order to be convinced.

All these reforms that are now coming
forward both in the United States and Canada
have been thought out by a number of ex-
perienced and capable men who know some-
thing about actual conditions, and it is offered
as a wholesale remedy for some of the game-
less conditions that now exist in many por-
tions of our Province and country. Itis, asa
whole, really big enough to deserve the
support of all large-minded sportsmen and
citizens both male and female. The adoption
means the making of at least a hundred new
protected breeding centres for game, and an
increase of killable game over immense areas.

Every sportsman in Ontario must now or
never place nll the cards on the table, face up;

KEEPING A TIGHT REIN ON FOREST —
FIRES | ot

Robson Black .

How does the Permit Plan of controlling
settlers’ fires work in other provinces and
states? This question has assumed public
interest since the disastrous consequences of
uncontrolled settlers’ fires in Northern Ont-
ario in July and August. ~*

“After a careful study of the question,”
writes Hon. Jules Allard, Minister of Lands
and Forests for Quebec, “‘we came to the con-
clusion that the most efficient means of pro-
tecting the torests from damage caused by
settlers’ fires, at the same time fostering the
agricultural development of the Province, was
the Permit System.

“This year, there must have been over 2500
permits granted. There has been no damage
caused by fire for clearing purposes made in
virtue of these permits.”’

The President of the St. Maurice Forest
Protective Association of Quebec, patrolling
12,000 square miles of forested and partly
ie country states under date, Aug. 31,
1 :

“We have been so successful under the
Permit System that we would under no cir-

The Remington Arms U.M.C. of New York
have issued an up-to-date edition of their
annual booklet ““Game Laws in Brief for the
United States in Canada,’? which case

e

ve (aay ra ‘ ) AND GUN IN C: lk a ie Y oe
ROD AND GUNINCANADA

satisfactory record.”

e met MEpeG
and there must be no “joker” in| his
When we say that we will not encrouch on tk
rights of the farmer, cattle or sheep men, and
will try not to occupy lands suitable for
grazing or agriculture, “we must mean just
that.” Don’t become a member of an or-
ganization of decent protective citizens who
mean to do a public service unless you mean
just that. The opportunity for the sports-
men of this country to show that they mean
to render, through the no-sale of game ares | ;
great service to the people as a whole of this
nation, is now here and it is up to them to —
“show down’. There are many places in |
Ontario where breeding centres can be pro-
vided and around which great hunting can be
had and render productive many areas of wild,
rough and remote territory that is now of no
earthly benefit to anyone save the most ad-
venturous, camping-tourist or angler, with a
mighty slight possibility of game either for
him or the photographer. :

The time has arrived for the sportsmen to
come out of their slumber and awake and
illustrate by their actions that they mean
“The right kind of business.”

cumstances go back to the old way of hand-
ling fires. The settlers have co-operated
with us in every way and their satisfaction,
is universal. So far we have had not a single
fire caused by a settler, a most unusual and

What says the Chief Forester of the highly
organized Western Forestry and Conserva-
tion Asscciation, Portland, Ore. “In our
Pacific Northwestern States, the burning ~
permit is as accepted a part of fire prevention
as patrol of fire fighting. None considers
abandoning it. Last year in the State of
Washington alone nearly 13,000burning per-
mits were issued and under thems118,000 acres’
were burned over. The Permit is an absolute —
essential of any serious attempt to reduce ©
fire in a developing forest region.

And this is British Columbia’s testimony: _
From experience gained in British Columbia
the unqualified statement is made that unless ©
brush burning is controlled by means of per-
mits, no real fire protection is possible in & je
timbered country.”’ ; es

=
oe. ™

booklet is revised up to January, 1917, and —
contains complete game laws of the United —
States and Canada, including the Migra-
ay Bird Law, the Sullivan and Lacey
aws. me -

>

"THE CONSERVATION OF CANADL \N
-———s BRED WATERFOWL ni

Robert Page Lincoln

_ FFAHE spirit of game preservation, and of
wy, | fish conservation (and in fact conserva-
weg tion of our entire natural resources
- upon this continent) is now more and more
firmly making itself felt throughout the land.
- There was a time when we of the writing
_ element who have milled out hundreds upon
_ thousands of words along these lines were
considered as cranks, near-maniacs, fools and
whatnots. That was because the people were
not then aware of how fast the game on this
continent-Was disappearing before the arm
of devagtation that annually drew so muc
from the coverts of Nature, and never did
anything to replenish the covers they were
drawing from. Gradually however it became
patent even to the unobservant that the game
was disappearing. The lesson of extermina-
tion was being placed right before their very
eyes, and suddenly the public in general
awoke to the fact that something was happen-
ing to the game and that if something were
not done to remedy matters in short order,
- the various game species would soon be ex-
tinct. Since this, writers on game protection
and game preservation have been listened to
with a wider countenance, and to-day they
are lauded as some of our greatest bene-
factors. For only by extensive agitation
along preservation lines have the people been
reached, the orftdoor public particularly, for
they are the ones who are the most interested
in the subject, and upon whom most depends.
The agitation for game preservation has not
been against the sportsmen. This is the lie
that scoffers, and selfish gunners have always
held out—that the game conservationists hate
‘the sportsmen, and wish to crowd them out
from getting even a minor bag of game in the
- openseason. Suchis thecase. The ranks of
the) game birds have been so unscrupulously
harried by lawless and semi-lawless gunners
that depletion has in many cases been nearly
reached. If the lawless gunners were allowed
their say and their way, it would only take a
few years before game would bé a thing of the
past. Game simply cannot stand up against
the vast armies of gunners that invade the
fields and waters. It is impossible that their
numbers can be kept up at standard so long
as the numbers of the game are not also sys-
tematically replenished during the off-season,
or the breeding season. We do not, in hardly
any way, systematically, replenish our covers,
; either north or south and the result is that
extermination has gradually come into full
being. ‘The selfish gunner is always the per-
son to shout that Nature will kindly and
generously take care of it all, and keep the
- numbers up to standard, but something dif-
ferent has been found to be true. No game
species can remain with us under the exacting
- shooting that millions of hunters and near-
hunters pull off annually. What the game of

/ ae. ae Fr |

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635

”
af we
v

to-day has to face is an entirely different 4)

thing from that of the great past, when
civilization was yet a dream, and when men
were few and far between, so to speak; and
when the woods and waters were in the height
of their perfection; when the wilderness was
untrammeled, and the game had a chance for
life a thousand times better than at the
present day.

What then ao we find to be the case in the
present day? We find that there are in-
numerable thousands out with guns, here,
there and everywhere. ‘There is not a covert
that has not an exacting human eye upon it,
and a gun that will lay to waste the feathered
game init. Ifit is not the real hunter it is the
farm boy or the city boy out for a hunt. And
by far the greatest number of the hunters
that annually go out are those who never pay
a cent for a license, but who can always be
counted on to get their portion of the game
populating this continent. In the past the
crudest of weapons were used, and the hunters
were few and far between. Now hunters are
on every ten acre lot apparently and the best
kind of guns that human ingenuity and ex-
perimentation can put on the market are in
use. Everything in the matter of arms and
ammunition has been so heightened that
perfection is almost reached. In the past it
was the single shot, now it is the automatic
and the repeater, and the factory loaded shells
where in the past one loaded his own shells.
Now, in our day, the automobile has replaced

the wagon with which we used to haul our duck _

boat miles upon miles to the duck grounds, and
there were not so many who would do this,
many lacking both time and means. Now
the automobile whisks one out to his grounds
in little or no time. He may be in one place
this morning, another in the afternoon, and
still another in the evening. Now, too, the
motorcycle is a favorite means of transporta-
tion for the hunter. He may jump on this
affair and speed to a place even more swiftly
than with the automobile. Add to this the
ever increasing number of the hunting ele-
ment; the thousands upon thousands of dogs
that help, shrewdly, in this hunting out of
game birds, and one gets something of an idea
of how, unless checked, our game is soon going
to be a thing of the forgotten past. The high
cost of ammunition is not going to stop hunt-
ers from hunting. There will not, on account
of the war, be a shortage in the number of
hunters actively in the field. There will be as
many if not more. Last year I think there
was something like five million licenses sold
in the United States of America. Just how
many were let out in Canada I do not know,
but what Canada may lack in numbers the
United States certainly makes up for, and in
good round numbers at that. Is it unwise,
ignorant, or exaggerated, to say that the game

wat)

636

cannot stand all this strenuous and exacting
shooting; is it unwise and detrimental to the
higher edicts of sportsmanship to talk upon
such an object as game conservation? To my
way of thinking the more of this the better.
Over in Europe they have always cast re-
flections upon the inactivity of the people of
this continent to appreciate and guard our
natural resources. They say, Americans burn
up, and eat up and have a good time while it
lasts and just about when everything is done
they wake up to a realization of the havoc
done. For never till right on the brink of
extinction do people realize what is happening.
We take care in all other things to see to it
that we have enough and plenty and the
market assured away shed: of time. But
never as far as land, game, timber, waters are
concerned. The people have always held a
dubitable conviction that Nature, supreme
mother of us all, has always been able and will
always be able to take care of things and ad-
just things, no matter what the opposition;
no matter what the destructiveness; no matter
what the lawlessness and desecration that
despoil it all. Nature, however, has_ her
limitations. In a wild state Nature re-
plenishes with new material, but when Man,
the Arch Destroyer destroys five times faster
than Nature can replace there is no hope of
replenishment along natural lines.

It was not such a long time ago that the
Federal Migratory Bird Law went into effect
but since that time it has done such a great
deal of good that it will be quite impossible
to remove it from among the laws of this
country though there are a number of thous-
ands of hunters in the Middle Western States
that wish to have it proven unconstitutional
so that they may hunt ducks again in the
spring when the birds are coming north in
their migrations. That is just what the
Migratory Bird Law did. It pushed a gentle
plug in. that matter of spring shooting.
Among the passing odious relics of barbar-
ism and savagery spring shooting was one
that was about as destructive as any. Not
only did hunters insist upon shooting the
ducks when they went south in the fall but
they also shot them when they came north
again in the spring. That is just what the
Federal Bird Law spoiled. It did away with
spring shooting, and if I say that ducks have
increased, in places, up to fifty per cent since
the Law went into effect, I do not think I am
exaggerating considering the investigations
we have carried out in the actual breeding
grounds of the waterfowl. Why have the
ducks: increased to that extent? Because
fully half of the ducks that were killed each
year were put down by the spring shooters.
Now with this half saved, to go north and
breed and reproduce it can easily be seen where
the increase comes in and where Law benefits.
At this writing, (September 20th.,) we do not
know what decision the Supreme Court will
render; whether they will hold it constitu-
tional or unconstitutional, but there are 99
reasons out of a hundred why they should keep
that Law on the books. The strife against it
is conducted, and has been conducted by the
Middle Westerners, particularly in the States
of Missouri, Kansas, Illinois and Arkansas.
Not only did these States want to shoot the

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ducks liberally in the fall hunting season, but

they wanted a full month of shooting in the
spring when the ducks come north. The
new regulations, however, took away the
spring grant, and made spring shootin
against the law. The Federal Migratory Bir
Law is essentially a Law to protect the water-
fowl and the songbirds in their migrations.
Especially are the waterfowl protected along
their main fly ways to the south and up to the
north—the principle one of which is the
Mississippi River. The waterfowl band to-
gether as they progress down the river and a
great portion of the northern flight takes its
way down this river. Hunting is not allowed
along the fly-ways and thus the birds are
protected, in such a measure that they make
the trip very well indeed, those ducks scatter-
ing out over the land furnishing the hunters
with enough shooting to satisfy moderate
demands. But moderate demands by many
present day sportsmen are entirely insufficient.
A hunter must go out and bag all he can carry
or he is not a sportsman—to his own way of
thinking. Therefore the spring shooter
would want to gather along the Father of
Waters, (the Mississippi), and harvest a crop
of ducks that would supply a nation with meat
and wipe out the game in short order. By
way of explanation allow me to say that along
the Mississippi River there has been some of
the best shooting on the continent, for the
reason I have stated. The ducks tenaciously
cling to that great waterway, going south or
coming north. Along this river the gun clubs
clustered. Here the rich foregathered and
great were their kills, and nightly their ex-
ploits at butchering. And great and re-
verberating were their growls of discomfort
when the Federal Migratory Bird Law came
along and took away from them some of their
odious privileges. Hundreds of thousands of
words were exhausted in the defence of their
“rights,” but these will not avail. The en-
tire continent is for the Federal Migratory
Bird Law, and unless I am very badly mistaken
I do not think the Supreme Judges will take
it away, and so kill one of the greatest meas-
ures ever put out for the protection of fea-
thered game. Not only does the Law pro-
tect the waterfowl, but it protects the song-.
birds. What was the case in the Southern
States by the way? Let me give you an idéa
what was the case. Down there when the
birds came north, or went south, it used to be
the favorite pastime and occupation of the
negro element and the so-called “‘poor white
trash” to go out and kill robins and other
birds beneficial to the agriculturist by the
unnumbered thousands, for the markets, mind
you, of the big cities. It was a paying busi- —
ness, no doubt. If protection had not come
along in due time, the ravages done would
have been mighty indeed. For these song-
birds these humans received the wonderful
recompense of ten cents per dozen. They
were shipped to great cities where they were
served as “‘quail on toast” to the rich. But
this great, devastating slaughter of the in-
nocent has been stopped and songbirds, as a
direct result of the timely coming of this

Federal Law, have been greatly increased.
When one takes into consideration the im- ‘"

mense power for actual good that comes from

a oe a

not know, but assuredl
ria

. eve.

|
ry

Be a ne, , '
hese same songbirds he realizes
hat they need protection—all of the time.
It is not necessary here to plunge into sta-

_ tistics to show how many insects and weed-

seeds the various birds consume.

There is one great detriment to game pro-
tection and preservation to-day a crowning
means of destruction, a detriment that must
soon be eliminated and for all time. Just
how soon this can be done, everywhere, I do
it is high time it was
removed. I am referring directly to market
shooting. This surviving relic of devasta-
tion does away with more game than we can
imagine. It is the stronghold of those who
care not one whit for the value of the game as
a beneficial, sporting asset, but who can see
only one thing, the money it will bring on the
market, sold to the people, and to the restaur-
ant, headed by the big hotel associations.
The fact that Canada has market shooting
within its confines is a sign that the people
have not awakened to the possibilities of
destructiveness that lies in its power. But
the people are getting alive to it. The en-
lightenment is beginning to make itself felt.
Soon the sportsmen’s leagues, and associated
societies will undermine it, and it will topple
and be a thing of the past. When the day
comes that market shooting is eliminated
here on this-continent, it will mean
an immense forward stride for protection,
‘sane protection, not sentimental. We are
eerune for more game, and the elimination
of detrimental factors. I want to see game
kept a-wing on this continent. I want to
hunt year after year just as you want to get
out into the blinds and the upland covers and
enjoy hunting, for there is no pleasure quite
like it. But we feel that the time has come
when many loop-holes ought to be stopped
up. Market hunting is one of those loop-
holes. It drains off hundreds of thousands of
ducks, and feeds the markets, when it should
be alive, for the benefit of the hunting element
and others. And it will exist just as long as
the sportsmen are silent. The protest should
be universal; whereas it has heretofore been
spasmodic, and made mostly by men in-
terested all the time in the safeguarding of the
game. Market shooting (thanks to the un-
tiring efforts of conservationists, etc.,) has
almost been wiped out of existence in the
States, but ,;where it does remain there it is
worse than ever. Market shooting always
exists where the rich dominate, and where
they flock. If there is a rare dish they must
have it out of curiosity at any price. It is for
that reason that market shooting exists in
Louisiana, and in California, for there the rich
flock and there money is plentiful to pay for
the wild game butchered.

Just at present I am occupying myself with
considering the market shooting element of
the State of Louisiana, and since this so con-
cerns Canada, the prime breeding grounds of
this continent, there is no doubt that the
readers of this article will lend an ear to some
of the things I mean to say.

There is every possibility in the world that
only one in ten of the hunters, or sportsmen
in Canada think a bit about where their

_northern bred ducks go in the winter, and
“just how they fare. The waterfowl, every

migratory species, find a place in the
where they winter. And they winter by th
innumerable millions in the State of Louisiana
in fact Louisiana marshes and waters hold

very great proportion of the waterfowl that —
Canada breeds and sends down south in the ©
Everything in that State is suitable |
for them as far as natural conditions are con-—

winter.

cerned. The climate is the best; the waters

are there, and the feed is such as to rival com- —

parison. Here is where Canadian and north-
ern bred ducks and waterfowl in general have
their winter abode.

How do they fare?

We find that market hunting is a thriving

and ever growing business in that State.
I think Louisiana can almost compete with
any other combination of States in that
particular. Here the ducks, ef cetera, are
found in swarms such as to veritably litter
the waters. The hunters have them at their
mercy and they kill them in proportion. The
market hunter is allowed to have fifty ducks
in his possession, which is practically equi-
valent to fifty a day; and the seige of market
slaughter that goes on covers a period, when
the ducks are their thickest, from the 15th
of December to the 15th. of February. Dur-
ing that period hundreds of thousands of
ducks are done away with and sold as com-
mon spoil on the market, at little or nothing
the ducks that we conserve, protect and rear
in the north and kill so very sparingly during
the open season. Just how many ducks are
butchered in the State of Louisiana during
the open season I do not know but when one
takes into consigeration that not only are the
market shooters busier than bees, but thous-
anas upon thousands of hunters are at work
in the best places, all of tnem sure of getting
tne limit, every time, for here the opportuni-
ties for sport or killing are a hundred per cent
better than up north, the vast numbers can
be imagined. There is no exaggeration in the
comments I am making for I have carefully
ascertainea the trutn in this matter. I was
sent down south in the winter of 1915-16 by
tre Sportsmen’s Review Weekly, Cincinnati,
Ohio (of which I have long been a staff cor-
respondent, ) for the purpose of writing up
the game situation, and finding out something
about the extent of the market shooting game.
We had for years heard that ducks were sold
by the wagon-load in the city of New Orleans.
I found out it was worse than that. Thous-
ands upon thousands of ducks hung in bunches
every day in the open air markets, ranging all
the way from coots (mudhens) to mallards ana
canvasbacks, and even the pied-billed grebe
(hell-diver) is sold to the black population at
little or notning. My findings aroused my
indignation, as represented in the numerous
articles that have appeared in the Review, for
it was the first time I had had the opportunity
of observing at first hand the destruction
wrought by the crime of market shooting
and I said then, as I say now, as long as sucha
thing hampers the machinery of conservation
just so long are we going to be far behind in
our anticipations. Throughout the north,
and the northern States there is a movement
for breeding ducks, purposely to set free, to
increase the ranks of the waterfowl. They go
south and the market shooters promptly kill

2

Ti. ST

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fi Bx TINS St SO IE OE CSTE eee a We ay ee
638 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA”

them and they are hung up in the south to be
sold to a negro for afew cents. The more you
study it the more humorous it seems; and the
more useless it appears on the face of it. I
am for game rearing and game breeding but
not so long as somebody is going to kill my
production in the south for some useless white
trash and pot-bellies to fatten on. There is
no logical sense in so doing. All the time the
fight against the market shooting was kept
up, not one word was said against it by the
southern element. They have no defense
for they know their acts are a crime against
the feathered game.

You may think that Canadian waterfowl
are not so much affected by this winter,
market-shooting in the south.

Let us see.

From all the western plains country,
reaching north to the Arctics; all the Hudson
Bay country; all the Ontario country, the
waterfowl are pouring southward. Gradually
as the great contingent passes over the States
they merge, all passing down the greatest fly-
way of this continent, the Mississippi. And
the Mississippi finds its termination in Louis-
iana, and there the great aggregation stop and
remain; There is where most of the Cana-
dian waterfowl winter—and an awful major-
ity of them winter no more. The joke of this
is that we conserve, and protect, ana re-
plenish in the north for the benefit of the rich
down south, the market-hunters, and the
hotel proprietors, who no doubt, rule legisla-
tures, to such an extent that this market
shooting freedom seems irremovable.

When the hearing on the Migratory Bird
Law was held in Washington the Louisiana
situation was brought more firmly into evi-
dence than ever. Arthur Holthaus, a game
administrator of St. Louis, Mo., testified that:
“T received a letter from a Doctor Winsor of
St. Rose, La., under date of April 9th, 1916,
offering to sell me a game preserve which was
advertised for sale in the Hunter, Trader,
Trapper Magazine, in the Feb. issue of 1916.
In the letter Dr. Winsor states that 80,000
ducks were killed in one week on his preserve
in the year of 1915, and is willing to give
sworn statements to that effect. The adver-
tisement in the magazine above referred to
read as follows:

“Money in ducks. Eighty thousand ducks
killed in one week. Ten years’ shooting has
not diminished the supply. Near a shipping
point. As a commercial proposition big
money can be made. Price, $8,000. Must
be sold at once.”

Dr. Winsor, St. Rose, La.,
In his various letters to Mr. Holthaus this

‘ Doctor states that the preserve was twenty-

five miles from New Orleans, and that “the
men who rented the grounds last year shipped
torty thousand pairs of ducks to New Orleans
in one week. These bring from 25 to 50
cents a pair, wholesale. They have run two

a

boats which are constantly loaded to
capacity. He has had the lease renewed :
year for five years and has cleared many ~
thousand dollars during that time.” And
again this Doctor states,—‘“‘there seems to be
an unlimited supply of birds........ it is the
greatest duck ground in the States........ if you
can tell me who you are and that you are in no
way interested in game preservation, I can tell
you more and send you some sworn state-
ments........ If you can stand the rough life and
hungry mosquitoes you should get back the
price you pay, and have some to spare in the
first season.”

The above eves a very substantial idea of
what is possible in a State such as Louisi
with market shooting a lawful enterprise, an
two solid months during which time the
hunters may (by paying a license fee), shoot
ducks for the market to their satisfaction.
With waterfowl and game birds in none too
great numbers that market shooting in an
phrase should exist is quite beyond’® belief.
It is as though wildfowl were in overwhelming ~
abundance and that there is a never-ceasing
supply to drawfrom. Canada’s greatest move
should be to take away market shooting, as
it is the aim of the United States to stamp it
out within their limits.

As the country more and more forsakes
its wild state; as civilization crowds in, the
wild garhe and animals are naturally finding
it harder and harder to preserve themselves
from destruction. If Man chooses to kill—
kill he will—and in any number to suit his
fancy or demand. Man fells the timber level
with the ground and leaves only blackened and
charred stumps after him. Man wipes out all
covers and coverts where game have been
wont to seek shelter, and nothing is done to

rotect the remnant of game birds that are
eft. Without the thoughtful consideration
and help of Man our game must all move on to
extinction. The population is ever growing
and the more it grows and spreads the less
chance has the game—unless it is protected—
as it should be protected everywhere, es-
pecially in seasons when lawless men are
abroad. The indiscriminate hunter, the pot-
shooter, the unlicensed man—these are the
ones that do the most harm to the game, and
every case of such lawlessness should be follow-
ed up, and the violators brought to justice.
To take a personal interest in game preserva-
tion should be the thought of every man who
goes out in the autumn hunting. Leagues,
associations, societies of all kinds do im-
measurable good in the way of game pro-
tection. Here men can work in unison, and
it is the voice of many and not an individual.

In conclusion, Canada must and should rout
out market-shooting, bring agitation to, bear
so that it will soon become a thing of the past. ©
As we are working in the States, so should
Canada lend her hand under the new Treaty.

a er ee

a A ee oe

_ ment to veil it over.

a

-
‘i
i a+ o.2
°

t

OMETIME in the month of November

the autumn comes to its close. October

saw its official termination; when all
the beautiful and shimmering colours vanish-
ed, almost imperceptibly, from the face of
Nature. Now there seems to be left only the
sere and barren woodlands, the dry reeds
along the wayside; though the grass in places
in the pastures is as green as ever. But
above, in the sky, leaden clouds tell of forth-
coming cold rain, and battalions of snow
arriving from the grim Arctic wastes. The
air is keen and frosty; in the morning the
thin ice will coat the ponds and milder waters,
and there is every indication that the last
of the tine days have passed into the Great
Beyond. Then perhaps in another day the
air will take on a deathly stillness—the still-
ness of atomb. The whole land seems wrapt
up in awe-inspiring solemnity before the
season’s initial snowstorm visits the fields
and woods, the hills and valleys decking it
over with an ermine blanket an inch or so
thick. Winter seems portending. The twi-
light is very chilly, and the sun in setting
looks very cold and dreary. But, singularly,

‘as day adds itself to day in the onward march

of Time, there suddenly comes an awakening;
a rejuvenation; a surprise of surprises. Indian

Summer makes its appearance, as it some-

times auspiciously does in this invigorating
northern climate. Suddenly one fine morn-
ing the sun will creep out of the fastnesses
ot the east and edging gradually upward into
the heavens throw a warm light over the
earth. “There will not be a cloud in the firma-
m1 From morning until
wilight there will be one continued joy of
den sunlight that penetrates to every
den nook and cranny with its searching

- Mi
2 Sy oa Bal aps
ww vl ev AML TATA L eeec i
HM

Autumnal Fishing.
Unwearied now the anglers take
Themselves to stream or quiet lake;

They float along its lovely shores;

Scarce dipping the suspended oars?
They skim across its azure face,

Forgetful of the finny race;

For, lost in admiration, they,

Linger the fair scene to survey;
Forget the black bass to ensnare,

While gazing on a scene so fair!

And oftimes turn the wistful eye;
The gorgeous woodlands to descry—
To view the panorama grand,
Of foamy sea and fairy land;
Those bending skies of heavenly blue,
Earth rich with every matchless hue!
—TIsaac McLellan.

Di

Robert Page Lincoln

fingers, reminiscently touching to life insect
and bird, clearing away the blanket of snow,
and revealing anew the dark green grass of
the heath and by-way. One looks about
him in the deepest of wonder. Are we in
iact at the verge of a season’s close or is this
the coming of a new spring? There is a
witchery about it all; a beauty that stamps
itself as a blessing upon the mind.

Indian Summer in the making is a rare
and delightful thing. It is but a transitory
splendour, indeed, being -short-lived, and
ephemeral; but because it is so infinitely
short: it is. universally admired and deeply
appreciated: by all, particularly by the lover
of Nature and the great out-of-doors. It
may be a week in passing or it may come
to a close in ten days.
last a month but rarely is this occurrence
to be noted. There is not much data extant
on the subject, nor am I at all well versed
in the scientific explanation of this climatic
peculiarity. Long ago it is said the Indians
hunted much in this month, laying in their
winter’s supply of meat and for that reason
the term came to be Indian Summer—the
season of much hunting. Everywhere the
awakening of new life is seen.
would not hatch till the coming of another
spring’s sun come out and take to wing,
living a short existence. Butterflies are on
wing, coming from where one can only mar-
vel. And the spiders are again, as in October
days, throwing their infinite thousands, nay,
millions of fine floss threads out upon the
currents of the air. Here and there white,
accumulated masses of them will sweep by and
pass out of sight. And all the time the sun
will be brighter than ever; the shadows deep
and standing out with a startling sharpness

TOL ate

In odd seasons it may

Insects that °

-

640

upon the earth. The birds are everywhere
making their notes heard. One can swear
that another summer is on the verge of mak-
ing!

Fishing is now a thing that is unthought
of by the average person. The average
angler has long ago stored away his rod and
tackle paraphernalia, for with the passing of
summer passes all thought of fishing, save
in retrospect or in anticipation of another
summer. An infinite few alone fish the
streams and the lakes in the season of late
October; few indeed are they who look for-
ward for the possible coming of Indian Sum-
mer. But here and there a stray angler
takes down and joints together a steel rod,
acquires some bait and getting up just when
the first beams of light make the eastern
heavens roseate takes himself to the lakes
for a solid day of fishing. Indian Summer
may be but ten days with him. How those
days are appreciated. He will crowd more
pleasure into those delightful hours than
the summer outer can work into three months.
Up early and to bed late—so the Indian
Summer angler goes about his business.
And he chuckles to himself to think how
eternally close the average person abides by
the rules. He knows that only one in a thou-
sand conceive that fish can be caught at this
season of the year. So he congratulates
himself that, save for his boat, not another
craft so much as breaks the mirrorlike peace-
fulness of the waters. A month has passed
now. Little or no fishing has been done.
Even in the civilized waters, where, through
the summer thousands fished and so frighten-
ed the fish that they became alert, now
those same fish see not one person and are
gradually coming in to the shore with a total
absence of fear in them. In the northern
lakes a spoon is taken with a snap ten feet
from shore so that the angler’s hat is jarred
from his head—and he has fish for his dinner,
or his supper as you will.

Two things especially will keep anglers
away from the waters at this season of the

ear. First, the belief that it is quite too
ate to‘do any fishing (it being out of the
official season and one does not remember
anyone who ever caught fish at this season
of the year); second, following on the heels
ot the above beliet is the feeling that the fish
will not bite or strike, as the case may be.

Speaking of fish biting or striking, I am
recalled to the statement once made by an
angling acquaintance who held and yet holds
that fish will bite at any time of the year, in
any water, during any kind of weather if you
only know where they are and if you know
how to fish. Let us look into this. I went
out one day last autumn with a whole series
0: baits, live and otherwise with me. I want-
ed some nice sunfish so I went out in the
middle of the lake, off a sandbar in twenty
feet of water. I used worms. One bite;
no fish. I next selected a detachable spinner,
and connected the hook to the spinner shatt.
I put on a grasshopper, sank it down, and
moving it lightly in the water, to set the
spinner in motion, instantly caught a large
bluegill that, on the flyrod, made a thing of
sport that was exciting enough to say the
least. I caught all I needed on the grass-

i '
} by
ME
Tal : - dy 7

hoppers. Worms were not wanted. Ex- —

perimentation lit.upon the right lure.
other instance: I was using a Skinner spoon
on a fine day. No luck; and just ye
cannot tell. But arriving at the mouth of a
waterway between two lakes I took the spoon.
off and shifted to a weedless hook and a frog.
Score: three pickerel and four bass at the
channel mouth alone, where, had I used the
spoon only I would have had little success,
for does it not seem the spoon was off duty
with the fish that day. I can name any
number of instances where I have had to
suit the fish to get them and to have the
various things along for the performance
has been the keynote of a successful day.
Perhaps that is what the oldtimer meant
when he made the assertion I have set down
in the above.

It is a fact that fish will strike a lure as
late as the waters may be trolled, or cast
over, or fished, whichever you will. Take
now for instance in the space of days we know
as Indian Summer. It is a rare interval—
a new lease on life indeed. When those
warming rays come out of clear blue heavens
and again penetrate to the depth of the lake
the fish stir themselves in a delightful cur-
iosity. Just as we are amazed and delighted,
so are they. It is true that they are in this
season taking themselves to the depths of the
lake; but now, with newer and warmer wea-
ther they sally-into the shallows, in and
around the shores and at the mouths of creeks
entering lakes, taking it- all in and happily
as we may suspect. Then too thé;minnows
will be be-stirring themselves and t reying
fish will be ever on the alert to catch them
as they erratically move here and there on
their quests. On the northern lakes the
muskies and the great northern pike are on
the move again. ‘The deer are standing at the
lake shores; the partridge are in the clover—
all life takes on a new energy. And the great
muskies are on the fin. Watch a bay on
some tranquil day in Indian Summer. -The
northern waters, so clear, so transparent are
like sheets of unmarred glass. Early morn-
ing sees a perfection in all Nature, and her
dominions that has never before been equalled.
There is at morn just the right chill in the
air, and perhaps just the hint of a breeze is
fanned across a lake’s expanse. In that
clear stretch one may see things going on in
the water for a goodly distance. As the
canoe rides the surface like a leaf, a ghost of
silence, one looks shoreward and_ witnesses
something that is liable to make his hair rise
on his head. Three or four muskies of great
size may as likely as not be moving lazily in
and around the much sought for deadheads,
or sunken logs, as the more common term
would be. ow and then there may be the
half hint of a splash in some secluded bay,
or a ridging streak in the water, crazily shoot-
ing shoreward that you can easily enough
define. That was a feeding musky and like
as not he caught what he was after. If you
are so lucky as to have your tackle along you
will do some fishing for there is more to be
taken now in the shape of large fishes than
earlier in the season.

various members of the pike family —

‘So,

as
yl

Just why this is so
it is hard to say, and yet from the time the —

Yate aie 9

re “

‘to take the lure in the autumn till the snow-

rat

spoon. It is the old pike st dby. Wi oe i
its durable material, careful make, and the

flakes are in the air the bigger fish seem to
be stirring everywhere. A muscallonge taken
' on the spoon in November has more pug-
4 naciousness in him than one would suspect;
it is a rip and tear performance from the be-
ginning to the end, that will only end when
the kindly gaff is clamped down on him.
I know of one gentleman who does his musky
_ fishing in the late autumn, in and around the

excellently wrought fluting (which serve to”
better catch the sunlight and diffuse the
rays throughout the water) it never fails

to give some palpitant record of its useful-

S

-

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LOMA) HWeeailuny =
Shire

——

ness. As the season falters and wanes, and BS
as the sunlight weakens; as the chill comes
into the air, the larger Skinner spoons come
into their own. Like anything else in the — ;
y,

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ne

time that the season opens on”deer.*f He’is
on the grounds about ten days before the
deer season, and during these ten days, he
tells me, he catches bigger and larger fish
than he could expect in the summer. He has
at the same time two varieties of sport, while
he is in the north—hunting and fishing.
His open suggestion to all hunters is that if
their hunting territory contains any lakes
with fish of the sort in them, that they be
a sure and bring their tackle along.
There is a bait for late musky fishing that
I may say is exceptionally good. You use
the two hook affair, and have a perch for the
lure; either a perch or a good-sized shiner.
The addition Es a°spoon to make the attrac-
tiveness of this lure more uniform and taking
is not in any way out of place as records show.
With this perch for a lure you cast in the
secluded bays and in and around the dead-
heads, retrieving your lure measuredly, and
now and then giving the perch a sidewise
motion to better emphasize its animation.
It has always been held that where the spoon-
hook fails to bring in -a catch the perch,
shiner or chub on the hook cannot fail to
arouse the mighty muskies. And “mighty”
r correctly names it. There is as much fight
in the musky as in the albicore and yellowtail
of the Southern Pacific waters; and more so
by far. Bred in cold water, a massive battler
sa by inception he cannot fail to give you all
epyou can do once you have him hooked. But
best of all is the old-time winner, the Skinner

line of fishing lures a change is often a means
toward an end. Now, for some reason or
another the larger sizes of the Skinner spoons
are the best and one uses the Number 8
fluted Skinner with good results. Such a
lure has a likely heft and may readily be
cast a good distance if one chooses to cast with
the spoon and not troll. The Number 7 and
8 Skinner come in nickle, brass, enamel,
copper, silver and gold, any of which are i
good colors. Personally my choice runs to
the elegant nickle, silver and gold, for with
these I have had the best success.
oa G. M. Skinner personally comments
that:
“The Number 9 spoonhook of my make is
the St. Lawrence muscallonge and pickerel
bait. More muskies and large pickerel have
been caught with this size bait than all other
sizes and makes combined. The copper spoon
is very popular here but in the large bays ‘
surrounding the Great Lakes, a Number 9
spoonhook furnished in enamel is mostly
used; and I may say to the very best of ad-
vantage. Which reminds me of a little story
in regard to just this matter. Some few
years ago I made a Number 9 enamel and
gave it to one of a party of ten Clayton, New
York fishermen who go to the Bay of Quinte
the fall of every year. The one to whom I |
gave the spoon used the Number 9 enamel "
and caught more muskies and pickerel than
all the rest combined. The result has been
that more and more enamel spoons have

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VC eal ROD AND G

been called for. This size in enamel I have
sold only under compulsion as the enamel
was very unsatisfactory. The first good
musky or pickerel caught on the enamel
spoon and it was good-bye to that spoon;
for it was all cracked from the clamping down
of the tishes’ teeth upon it. Anyone, who
has been out for large fish and has caught
them knows how savagely they hit the lure,
often bending the spoon and the shaft. But
after some little experimentation I finally
produced an enamel that did not crack, and
does not crack, I will add, under any cir-
cumstances.”

The sizes I have mentioned; the 7, 8 and 9
are now the best. Earlier in the season, in
June and July the Number 5 and the 4 and
3-4 often catch very large muskies. But in
the autumn it is somewhat different. There
are the fine days when the fish are inshore,
when you can cast for them, but on other
days they may not be inshore. Then you
must troll for them, often rather deep in
the water. It isthen that a good glitter must
be assured and this, in the deeper, darker
depths the large size of spoon assures.

Nor do not let it get into your head that
the larger preying fishes alone are now to be
taken. I will admit, that for the moment
(in the November days) the smaller fishes,
the crappie, etc., are dull at taking the bait;
but the same cannot be said about the black
bass, the prince of the waters. At about
the time when I first became a devotee of
the late tall ‘ishing stunt, I, like all others,
held that it was of no use. Imagine my
chagrin, once, therefore, to see a fisherman
come home with the nicest string of bass I
have ‘ever seen taken. Where did you net
them, I had then asked.blandly. A laugh
from said brother angler, and soon informa-
tion was given that they were caught on a
certain underwater minnow o1 fair repute.
Of course like all apparently impossible
things this seemed the most impossible so
I finally wooed him into going out once again
while the fine weather lasted. The results
of that day taught me otherwise. A bass in
the late autumn is, however, odder than odd.

_Do not think that he is going to leap into

your boat, with the exclamation, ‘‘Here I
am, take me and fry me to a turn!’ He
does not do this; and it certainly behooves
you to use care and deliberation in going
about your captures. Bass, like the pickerel
and muskies now love to linger around the
sunken logs, or deadheads, and where the
bays are rocky you will invariably find them
in and around the rocks. If the spoonhook
or the artificial mmnow do not interest them
they will take the live minnow, it used with
craft. Take for instance a day in Indian
Summer. Bend over the edge of the boat
and look down into the clear depths. There,
in and around these sanctuaries, cr tumbled
fastnesses they will be seen. Locate then
these places; and let down your minnow

connected as it will be with a small hook. .

There will be a six ‘oot leader of the proper
mist-color attached to it, so that the appear-
ence will be the more deceiving. Such a lure
will never fail to win the husky ones, and
played on your nine and a half foot Bristol
rod there is something to it that has all the

a Ps A Se
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An Wide "
J

charm one would care to expect. But cau- —
dion; that ts the thing. It is the easy drifting
along over your grounds, working the minnow |
along with the utmost care that counts. The
livelier he be the better by far. A four inch
shiner of palpably glittering sides is the fellow
that wins the big fellows.

It is, too, along about the close of the
autumnal season that the wall-eyed perch,
or pike are a-stir. Indeed I have taken the
wall-eyed pike, or perch, when the water has
been ice-cold and the line has frozén stiff in
my hands. Records of days on rivers where
the wall-eyes are found show that therein
they have been taken away up to the month
of December. The wall-eyed pike is a pro-
position of excellent merit. Of him I have -
written in other annals:

“The term wall-eyed pike is a misnomer.
He is not a pike at all; but belongs to the
perch family. A close inspection will reveal
its perchlike characteristics which are easily
distinguishable. It may easily be told in
one respect foremost of all, from the pike, the
muscallonge and the pickerel, in that all of
these three (members of the true pike pagans |
have bit one dorsal, or back tin. The wa
eyed perch has two dorsal fins. The wall-
eyed perch like the yellow, or banded perch
(Perca flavescens) is possessed of a well con-
structed body, well-molded. The scales are
tightly drawn and come close together, a
perch characteristic as one knows. The wall-
eye has a clean body. Those of the true pike
family are covered with an acrid slime, but
the wall-eyed perch is perfectly free from
this substance. It is for this reason that,
having lain in the sunlight for a brief space
of time he quickly dries up as to outer cover-
ing and becomes very hard to scale. As a
rule the wall-eyed perch do not grow to a
large size though there some ve large
specimens have been taken in our lakes and
streams. The wall-eye that weighs from
two to four pounds, or in and around that,
may be said to represent a fair sized fish.
But there are times when wall-eyes up to
fifteen pounds are taken which is, however,
very much out of the ordinary, indeed. A
fifteen pound wall-eye is quite a fish to con-
tend with as I can personally assert. It is
the wall-eye that live in running water,
especially racy water, that are stronger by
far than the lake bred, still water fish. There
is a judicious reason for thi8 in that the fish
has to face the flow of the water to keep
in position; the fins are larger and stronger;
in fact most all the fins of a racy water bred
fish are twice or three times as strong as
the fins of a fish born in still lake water. Were
my personal opinion to be asked as to which
fish I would rather fish for, a swift water wall

‘eye or a lake wall-eye I would instantly

choose the former. They are by far the bet-
ter fighters on the hook. He hangs on under
water with might and main. The methods
of fishing in the rivers and in the lakes do not
differ much save that you are liable to wade
and cast for the river wall-eye where you
like as not always troll for fhe lake wall-eye.
The fish in the rivers are’ found along the
sandbars and to find a fishable sandbar is «

indeed a discovery.” by

_-."

4
a
my
4
7

i

fon
yo
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says of the wall-eyed perch:
ronnie with handlines I have

yy spoon full of eel-grass. On haul-
o clear the tackle, each time the eel-
ass turned out to be an eight pound yellow
-perch. The first one came into the
a like a bunch of wet weeds. The second
finally roused to a realizing sense of its posi-
m, and made quite a demonstration, but
chiefly in the boat, endeavouring to climb
out. In the eastern United States this is
‘a northern fish that goes southward almost
_ to the Gulf States. It is abundant in Lakes
- Ontario, Erie and Huron, and in many of the
bays and larger streams attached to them,
in which the water is clear and the bottom
is of sand and gravel. By very many persons
this fish is well liked as a food fish and im-
mense numbers are propagated every year.”
In the lakes in the space of days taking
in October and November the _ wall-eyed
perch run in more or less large schools, and

sport along the sandbars is then of the very -

best. I have known times in duck hunting
weather, when everything is cold and frosty,
with ice rimming the edges of the lakes when
we have gone out for them and have in a
short time taken all we have needed. I
recall a season not long ago when we hunted
ducks at daybreak, and later went out, direct
from the blinds to the wall-eye bars, bringing
home a little of each: which so materially
adds to the fascination of it all as a prime
sporting proposition that it ranks among
the leaders. Wall-eyes at this season run in
good schools and should one locate a school
e will be kept very busy indeed. An ordin-
bait rod, a strong line and live bait is
preferable. The live bait is a minnow of
ood size, say four inches. However, I do
ow that there-is not an equal to the fishing
size green frog if it can be procured which 1s
not at all likely at this season of the year.
- A single hook may be used successfully, but
an affair I have largely used for the purpose
may here be described. If you cannot use
it this year, try it next:

This affair consists of a gang of hooks, con-
nected by means ot a small wire or a small
chain of one and one half inch length. The
front hook is hooked into the nose of the
frog; the back gang is hooked back on the
frog, preferably in the leg.

ey But it is the river fishing for wall-eyes that
I prefer’ above all others. Given a rine day

_ on the bars, in semi-shallow water the wall-
eye pike fishing is of the best. Here one
May choose to use the large chub or the
silvery shiner as the lure; and if he does so,
and fishes with care and deliberation he may
not go home empty handed. In the rivers
and streams that flow into the Great Lakes
the wall-eyes furnish a vast amount of gen-
uine sport; sport of an order that leaves a
memory in its train. The majority of these
Tivers may be waded and with a trout rod
in one’s possession with which to fish it is
often ten or fifteen minutes before you have
a good one landed. They love to lie off the
large rocks and boulders in the streams.
Here there is formed a still-water. One
attaches a suitable number of split shot to
his line so that it casts well and then plays
the lure from the edge of the rock out, in

*

and around, being sure to fish all

- fish of goodly parts.

bar or still water. Behind one bou
a northern river this last summer, on a B
steel rod, I caught ten fine, glittering
eyes, and the same I will duplicate whe
follow the partridge and deer this autum
No sport in taking the autumnal wall-eye
you say? You err, brother. Get out tha

trout rod of steel; be patient, fish well and
if you are not satisfied that wall-eyes in

running water on a steel rod nine and a half
feet in length, do not fight, we will listen to —
your objections.

The wall-eyed pike is one of the latest of es

st
ty
WW,

the fish to strike at your lure in the autumn —
and for that reason it is one of the fish that _
we are here most concerned with. The wall- —
eyed .pike found in Canadian waters are

noted for the fact that they are good fighters, vA

making quite a name for themselves. There
are any number of instances on record where ©
these 1ish have been taken on the artiicial’ —
fly. No less ar entertaining and famous
angling writer ol ra Seay reputation
than the late Charles Frederick Holder said:
“Bill, my guide had promised me a wall-
eyed pike on a fly and one evening when we ~
were rowing along the north side of West-
minister (on the St. Lawrence), not far from
the Canadian shore, he backed the skiff up
to a rocky point where there was deep water
with a perceptible current, and I began to
cast. I was using an eight ounce, ten-foot
split bamboo; my short black bass rod which
had been tested on a seventeen-pound yellow-
tail in California in an hour’s contest, and one
of Andrew Clark’s famous St. Patrick flies
from a lot he had given me in one of our
many days’ fishing, an irresistible dainty,
which I dropped a foot from the cliff and
allowed to drift dry tashion, then cast again
around in a circle until the fly sank, allow-
ing it to go down a few feet. It was just
at dusk, the very hour for the big nocturnal —
perch, and I had just lifted my tip when
something struck, bang! I was not expecting
such luck for I had been trying for this fish
for days in different parts of the river. At
first I thought the steady strain was sug-
gestive of a pickerel, but when thirty feet of
line had been forced from the reel the fish
began a peculiar jerking or hammering on
the line which kept my rod nodding, remind-
ing me of the ehinacle salmon in Monterey
Bay, which often give you blow after blow.
It was some moments before I could stop the
fish, as it had made for deep water, and taken
us out into the stream, but when I reeled it
to the surface how it tugged and pulled!
shooting from side to side in gallant fashion,
its glassy eyes flashing, altogether a game
In about ten minutes
I had it alongside and Bill netted my first
wall-eyed pike, one of the epochs in the life
of at least one angler. It was a darker, richer
green than any I had seen, doubtless due to
the cold and clear waters. The fly being
unsuccessful on a second trial, I tried a min-
now in the dusk and caught three fine fish,
and doubtless could have lured others in the
darkness; the largest weighed four pounds;
the smallest two and one half. I never saw
a wall-eyed pike that weighed over five
pounds, but I have heard ot individuals

" ;

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oT : ‘ TaN Fes My
644 ROD AND GUN IN C,

ranging up to thirty pounds and even more.”
Indian Summer!

Just how much of fishing there is done in
this season I do not know. True it is that’
with every fish taken in such days of charm,
there abides a kindly memory, that has been
added to ones stock of recollections. The
witchery of still waters, the languor cast over
all the world of Nature, the blue skies and

PAS SRS Re nay
the harmony in all things is quite su ficie! t
(should this same Indian Summer ec

to win your entrance into the outdoor world.

ry

kh
’

_ In a Waltonian conception of fishing, a lean-
ing back in the boat as it idly rides the water —

and contemplating all natuial things with a
kindly eye is quite sufficient. Or afew good-
ly or fair fish, a brace or three to enhance
your day and provide the means of a meal at
evening—that is the reward!

MINOR FISH AND THEIR CAPTURE

THE SUNFISHES
Robert Page Lincoln

the older we grow the more in kindliness

do we look back upon the days of boy-
hood; ¢ he days of real sport, if we are to borrow
the head-line of a well-known cartoonist,
under which head he has established a repu-
tation by portraying the strange appeal, and
the humerous oddities of boyhood. It is
always the old recurring lines, ‘backward,
turn backward O Time in thy flight; make me
a boy again just for to-night!” And the wheel
of recollection revolves; the eye of the mind
looks backward, going over again those
pleasant pathways; it stumbles barefooted
along those same old home-brooks; and
pausing here and there treads the soft, sanded
shores of the home lake. Through the pipes’
blue smoke wreaths one is strangely able to see
a great distance—as one grows older. It is
therefore in a reminiscent strain that we re-
member the little sunfish and his essential
place in this world of worlds. Now a sunfish
has never been guilty of causing a man to sit
awake nights, with pen in hand, setting down
immortal lines designed to fittingly describe
his position and career. Save in rare in-
stances its shape and habitat have not been
colored in the registered poetic hue. The
sunfish simply—is . It is scarcely right there-
fore to expect an active angling writer to sit
down and peck out a tome on behalf of said
sunfish. Furthermore he need not tear his
hair, and hunt in the dictionary for strange
and odd words, to foist upon an innocent
reading public; all to make people believe
the sunfish is more than he is. We know the
sunfish. The sunfish is no brook trout in any
sense of the word. He simply is a sunfish.
And having said that we begin where the
average writer would let up, wipe his pen and
lean back with an air of wholesale resignation.
There is much more to be said however about
the sunfish. In the first place as a pan-fish
there is, in the opinion of the writer, hardly
another equal to him. I admit, first ot all he
has not partaken of all the fish found in this
northern hemisphere, but of those he has
eaten of, surely the sunfish has been as good,
if not better than the great majority. It has
not the pink flesh and dainty flavored taste
of the inimitable brook trout; but brook trout

T is true, any way that you look at it,

_ are few and far between. The speckled brook

trout is essentially a luxury, not to be par-
taken of at your beck and call. On the other
hand the sunfish is common and is your home-
door fish, to be had when you want it prac-
tically. A fish, as a food is considered 1rom

the viewpoint of flavor first of all; and it may

here be noted that of the many fish we eat
only a small portion of them do we always
have a hankering to partake of. We soon
tire, otten indeed getting enough at one
sitting, of a certain fish; of others we are always
reminded and the desire is always recalled.

Jordan says:

“The flesh of most fishes is white, flaky,
readily digestible, and with an agreeable
flavor. Some, as the salmon are charged with
oil, which helps to give an orange hue known ~
as salmon color. Others have colorless oil
which may be of various consistencies. Some
have dark red flesh, which usually contains

. heavy oil which becomes acrid when stale.

Some fishes, as the sharks, have tough, coarse
flesh. Some have flesh which is watery and

coarse. Some are watery and tasteless. Some,

otherwise excellent, have the muscular area,

which constitutes the chief edible part of the

fish, filled with small bones.”

Which calls to mind the small bones of the
pickerel. Anyone who has sat down to a
flattering feast of pickerel and has dreaded |
every moment that the bit of flesh he swallow-:
ed had a possible bone in it that would lodge
in his throat, knows what is meant by the
above assertion. Jordan holds that the
candle fish (a smelt) found in the streams that
run into the Pacific from Washington to
Alaska, is the best eating fish in the northern
hemisphere; second he places the ayu of
Japan; and thereafter goes through a number
of more or less unknown fish rounding out
with the trouts and the pikes, the pike and the
musky of which he says, “‘they are most ex-
cellent as food fishes.” In point of fact it
seems odd to the writer that the trouts were
mentioned in his category at all, and that they
were not placed atter the various pikes. At
the same time it is noted that not one ot our
smaller fishes the crappie, the rock bass, the
sunfish or the perches are mentioned. It he
had left out the various pikes and inserted
the above-mentioned smaller fish I would not _
have been so surprised. As a matter of fact |

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‘AND GUN IN GANADA *)) 7 nee

fow many hairs D
Nas a Car e

uN We doubt if there is any person in Canada who is
not interested in Furs, and who does not admire their
beauty, softness and warmth; but how many have ever
thought of the great number of hairs required to cover
a skin to produce this warmth and softness?

The actual number of hairs on any given skin can be
actually determined by mathematics and an abundancefof
patience.

We have cut a piece out of a black bear skin, one inch
square in size—have sealed and depositeadjit
with the bank and are giving

$300°°

IN PRIZES

to the 64 persons who are nearest correct in their estimate of the
actual number of hairs on that one square inch of black bear skin.

This contest is entirely free to every one who complies with the conditions,
and we might frankly state that the sole object of this contest is to familiarize
as many people in Canada as possible with the wonderful bargains they can
secure in stylish guaranteed Furs and Fur garments, through Hallam’s system
of dealing direct “From Trapper to Wearer”’

Just send to-day for a copy of the 1916-17 Edition of

_ RAW FURS

We are the Largest Cash

on the back cover of which are full particulars of this Zoological
contest.

‘Buyers of Raw Furs direct
irom Trappers in Canada—
Our Raw Fur Quotations sent
ree.

GUNS

Traps—Animal Bait, Fish
Nets, Tackle, and complete
line of sportsmen’s supplies,

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This 1916-17 edition is a handsomely printed 32 page book—
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Be sure to address as follows:

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646

I have judiciously partaken of some of the
pikes that did not taste like pre-digested sole
leather but not many. In his catego
Jordan lists the fish that one does not tire of.
One participation in an old musky steak is
usually enough for a time.

The flesh of the sunfishes is firm, sweet of
flavor and is entirely devoid of bones through-
out the fleshy area. Rolled in cracker and
bread crumbs, dipped in beaten egg and fried
to.a golden brown the sunfish is juicy and rich,
a table dainty surpassing in its appeal to the
epicure.

Says one writer:

“The sunfishes are divided into fiiteen
species, and as a group their range covers the
whole of the United States eastward to the
Great Plains. Poor indeed in fish life is the
pond or stream which contains no sunfish,
- blue-gills or pumpkin-seed. In about nine
cases out of ten the first fish that dangles from
the first hook-line-end of the very small
angler is a sunfish. Small though it be, and
feeble, it is yet a fish; and it is large enough
to open to Childhood the door to a great
wonderworld of fish and fishing. Where is
the veteran fresh-water angler who does not
recall the electric thrills of his first ‘“‘bite’’,
aad his first living, wriggling, scintillating
sunfish. Blessings be upon their rainbow-
tinted sides for the joys they have been, or
yet will be to childhood!’ And, continues
Warren Smith:

“As I look back over twenty-eight years
of angling experiences I freely admit that I
have derived more enjoyment from angling
for the common pumpkin-seed sunfish than I
have from angling for the large and gamey
black bass. Asa boy I fished for sunnies with
a bent pin for a hook, and a piece of mother’s
best linen thread for a line, which, if I bor-
rowed when mother was out ot the room, who
will say that it. was a crime? I was not
bothered by a pole in those days; I held the
line in my hand and when a sunnie came _nib-
bling about my pin I jerked with all my might
in hopes that the fish might get caught. Of
course few, very few fish were ever landed, but
what did that matter, the next one might be,
and it was the next one that kept me angling
away. After all, to-day with my more ex-
meee outfit it is the next one I still angle

or.”’

Mosi familiar of the sunfish species is the
common sunfish, or pumpkin-seed (Eupot-
omis gibbosus). It was so named in the year
1758 (according to information which I have
received) by the great Swedish naturalist
Linnaeus, who was supplied with a number of
the kind at his home in Sweden, taken as they
were in the State of South Carolina. This
member o! the sunfish family is found here
and there east of the great Mississippi River
from Florida to Maine, thence taking in the
whole of the Great Lakes territory, north and
south of same, and reaching westward into
Manitoba. It is throughout the Great Lakes
region that some of the largest specimens of
this fish, the pumpkin-seed are taken, in-
dividuals reaching up ds high as two pounds.
The average so-called big sunfish is far below
that however. An eight ounce pumpkin-seed
may be considered pretty large.

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In the matter of coloration this
the species is really beautiful; one of the most —
beautiful of them all, for as one writer states,
“in color the “pie gpa rivals the coral _
fish of the south seas. Even the lordly brook
trout is not more beautiful. The back is
bluish, sometimes with purple reflections, and
again with a greenish-olive appearance; the
sides are a lighter shade, spotted and blotched
with a rich orange; and the belly is a bright
orange-yellow, sometimes gleaming like gold.
The cheeks are deep orange, crossed with wavy 7
blue streaks, which give them a zebra-like —
appearance. The lower fins are yellow, while —
the dorsal fin is blue and yellow. The ear-
flap is a deep velvet black, splashed with red on
the lower side, a mark which always appears
in the adult fish, serving to distinguish it from
all other bright-colored members of the
family. The angler should remember that
gibbosus alone is possessed of the decorated
iris.”

Taken out of cold, clear water, which has
such transparency as you will find in northern

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- waters they are a delight to the eye and a

thing long to remember, for then, “taken
dripping from the water it has all the colors
of a green opal and several more.” One may
marvel at the coloration of the trout, and how
its colors are formed through the pigment
cells, but when one holds up a brilliant, full-
hued pumpkin-seed he is readily caused to
marvel more. For brilliancy in this fish is
marked indeed.

Says Jordan in his famous work, “Fishes”: _

“The color of the live sunfish is very —
brilliant. Its body is covered with scales,
hard and firm, making a close coat of mail,
overlapping one another like shingles on a
roof. Over these is a thin skin in which are
set little globules of bright-colored matter, —
green, brown and black, with dashes ox scarlet,
blue, and white as well. These give the fish
its varied colors. Some coloring matter is
under the scales also, and this especially makes
the back darker than the lower parts. The
bright colors of the sunfish change with its
surroundings or with its feelings. When it
lies in wait under a dark log its colors are ve
dark. When it rests above the white sands
it is very pale. When it is guarding its nest
from: meddling perch its red shades flash out
as it stands with fins spread, as though a water
knight with lance at rest, looking its fiercest
at the intruder. When the sunfish is taken
out ot the water its colors seem to.. fade. In
the aquarium it is generally paler, but it will —
sometimes brighten up when another oi its
own species is placed beside it. A cause of
this may lie in the nervous control of the
muscles at the base of the scales. When the
scales lie very flat the color has one appear-—
ance. When they rise a little the shade or
color seems to change. Where the fish feels
at its best the colors are the richest. There
are some fishes in which the male grows very
brilliant in the breeding season through the —
deposition of red, white, black or blue pig-
ments, or coloring matter, on its scales or on
its head or fins, this pigment being absorbed ©
when the mating season is over. This is not —
true o1 the sunfish, who remains just about the ~
same at all seasons. The male and female

colored alike and are not to be distinguis

shee

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648

without dissection. I: we examine the scales
we shall find that these are marked with fine
lines and concentric sfriae, and part of the
apparent color is due to the effect or the fine
lines on the light. This gives the bluish lustre
or sheen which we see in certain lights, al-
though we shall find no real blue pigment un-
der il. The inner edge of each scale is usually
scalloped or crinkled, and the outer margin of
most of them has little prickly points which
make the fish seem rough when we pass our
hand along its sides.”

The common, or pumpkin-seed sunfish
thrives well in most any lake where the feeding

‘is good and may be profitably cultivated in

ponds, and other suitable inland waters.

A second important member of the sunfish
species is the blue-gill sunfish, scientifically
termed (Lepomis pallidus). The bluegill is
found throughout the whole Great Lakes
region and often attains to a splendid size,
far and above that of the pumpkin-seed, or
common sunfish. Two pound fish are in some
localities not rare occurrences, and one foot
fish, of the sort often cause one the utmost
surprise and wonder, the belief being that
they never grow to this size. In the south,
Louisiana and Florida, and other states
bordering on the Gulf of Mexico, the sunfish
(there known as bream) grow even larger,
and one going into the markets can easily pick
up three and a half pound (or more) specimens.
It is in the South a market fish of vast pro-
portions; the same can be said to be true ina
number of northern localities, the lakes ot
which feed the fish markets of the big cities.

The bluegill is said to have been named
pallidus, in the year 1813 by a Dr. Mitchell
who gave some little time to the study of this
elegant food fish, whose sporting proclivities
are of no mean order, to say the least. The
term pallidus is derived from the tact that it
isofapale color. One of the main distinguish-
ing teatures of the bluegill is its velvet black,
so-called ear. This ‘“‘opercle, or gill-cover,
terminates on the side in an ear-like flap which
is of a deep black color and _ this conspicuous
character at once proclaims the species.”
This so-called ear-flap is not in any sense of the
word anear. Says David Starr Jordan:

“We may imagine that the black ear-flap
helps his mates and friends to find him out,
where they swim on his own level near the
bottom. Such marks are called recognition-
marks, and a great many fishes have them,
but we have no certain knowledge as to their
actual purpose. We are sure that the ear-
flap is not an ear, however. No fishes have
any external ear, all their hearing apparatus
being buried in the skull. They cannot hear
veiy much, possibly a great jar or splash in the
water may attract them.”

The bluegill varies greatly as to coloration:
and age has not a little to do witn this shifting
and changing as to color scheme. The color
which, however, holds most consistently uni-
form is in part olive-green on the back, some-
times overcast with a reddish tint; or a dull
brown; in fact there is often a mixture of
colors so that it is hard to set any special one
down as anywhere near final. The best way
of telling him, however, is by the copper-
yellow, or russet-yellow with which the nape
of thejbreast (directly under the gill covers)

SOOT
N IN CANA

. ROD AND GU

NY os ae
is overcast. In the large specimens of this

fish the nape of the breast is distinctly réd-
dish-copper. It holds good as arule that the —
older the fish grow the darker they are in
coloration. 9

The two members of the sunfish family’ —
I have mentioned are the main ones located
in northern waters. In the States many
others are found but with these we are not
concerned. The pumpkin-seed sunfish are the
first to spawn in the spring, sometimes in the
latter part of May or the first of June, it all
depending upon the temperature of the water.
If the season is backward the spawning may
be withheld tll the middle of June, and I have
known seasons when even then they have
been dull. Somewhat after the common sun-
fish the bluegills are to be found everywhere
on the spawning shoals or in the shallow
water, preparing for the act of procreation.
This spawning is done in from three to five
teet of water, in the lakes, but often deeper in
other waters. The spawning operations of the
sunfish provide a study, that is, to say the ©
least extremely interesting. The eggs are
cast in round beds in the sand varying in size
from one foot in diameter to three. These
beds are set, often, two :eet apart, and some-
times cover an acre or more in extent, in well-
sanded and fine-bottomed, shallow bays.
These spawning beds are made with a pecu-
harly intelligent exactitude, being almost, in
every case, perfectly round. If one should be
able to gain a vantage point and watch the
methods the sunfish go about in making these |
beds he will indeed have much to marvel at.
Selecting the place where the bed is to be the
fish commences a rapid, eccentric motion with _
its body—so rapid in fact that he 1s quite lost
for flying, veering sand. At the same time
he turns round and round throwing out the
sand with fins and wide-spread caudal-fin. |
This engagement goes on till he has attained
a depth for the bed of two or three inches.
It is the steadily turning motion that assures
nim the perfectly round bed. Assuming a
position he seems to operate on a pivot, moy-
ing round and round. The male fish seems
to make the bed without any help from the
female who is yet an unknown. He first
makes the nest and then goes in search of his
blushing and coy damsel. Industry! Ambi-
tion! Energy! Incentive! A male sunfish at
spawning time is all of these and more. Such
activity is never seen save in and around these
bays when the sunfish assume control and
dare anything living, moving or breathing to
disturb them in their purpose.

Yet the mere brushing out of the sand in a
bed is not all. Far from it. ‘

Glance into a colony of these spawning
beds and you will note that while sand is
universal in and around them, the round
spawning beds will be floored over with gravel,
set so perfect over all that it would surely
seem done by human hands. These bits of
gravel the male sunfish forages for and brings
in, often from great distances. What pur-
pose, I once marvelled are these bits of care-
fully set gravel destined to fill? First: the
eggs cast all over these prevents the bottom |
sand apparently from intermingling with the —
eggs. Second: the full rays of the sun fa
upon these pebbles holds the heat bett

ines

¥, ne

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He Handled a Rifle

for the first time in ten years, and
7 of his 10 shots went plumb into
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““Yourstatement is unquestionably true,”

said theex-Army Officer whose experience
with Lyman Sights is related above, ‘‘that

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so helps to more speedily hatch out the eggs.
The spawning days now Lawns come, and the
nests having duly been completed, the eggs
of the females pressing nes against her
sides, the males go out- and bring in their
brides—it the term may be allowed.

The spawning, or casting of the eggs may

AN Py Raia Sty Hf ‘

We Wee

Fa RE Peete Ue Np) i
ROD AND GUN IN CA

then occur at once or a day or two of cere-.

monials may be/officiously held; in which the
male will plausibly explain, by round about
methods to his mate the fact that his parti-
cular bed is three times better than that of his
neighbor; all the while he will strut about on
his fins like the lordly warrior he is, his colors
gleaming more beautifully, and more deli-
cately opaline than ever. A female sunfish
casts her eggs; the male engenders them with
the mites of liie, and the female has done her
duty. The average sunfish has but one wife.
Other sunfishes that build the three foot beds
are polygamists in every sense of the word, for
as many as five or six females will be served
in one bed by the ambitious male. Then the
whole bottom of the bed will be covered with
the sandlike eggs, a vast majority of which
will turn out into perfect future fishes.
Happily, the sunfish is prolific and the species
is never lacking in a wide and fruittul re-
presentation.

The females having spawned out, their work
is done. They are now driven away from
the bed of eggs and are not allowed to go near
to it, guarded as it will be by the male. For

it is upon the male fish that the full duty of ~

parenthood falls, which seems to be a self-
appointed choice rather than an unscrupulous
neglect on the part of the female to do what
would seem her given duty. The male sun-
fish will now be seen on guard in the direct
center of the nest, turning round and round
watching all sides and quarters with a gleam-
ing eye. Cast a glance over a colony of two
hundred or more of these beds. In each a
“male fish is on guard, ready to risk and give
his life for the protection of his progeny. And
strangely too, the respect that the other
fishes, even the great preying ones, have for
the sunfish is marked. Never will they ven-
ture within that colony. If they should they
would be madly set upon by a united swarm
of fishes, whose concentrated strength and
ferocious attack would not end in one dash
and encounter. That fish would be followed
if needs be for a mile and pestered halt to
death. Hence the universal respect. I have
seen a male sunfish fly madly upon a bass and
put him utterly to rout. It is the same as
when we witness a pair ot kingbirds in nesting
season attacking a hawk, crow, or even eagle,
so demoralizing these larger birds that they
often plunge into some covert with hoarse
cries, or half fall, half tumble to earth, stung
by the bills of those bolts in feathers. Un-
doubtedly a sunfish, flying full tilt into a bass
will jar him so that he forgets just where he is,
where he might have been and where he is
going to be.

The male sunfish watches over the eggs
till they hatch, and then on until the tiny
mites have absorbed the yolk-sacs forward
of their breasts. At the date when the yolk-
sacs are absorbed the little fishes are ready
to shift for themselves, teeding then, as they
do, upon the billions of small parasities found

Continued on Page 664

Tehti tt oh 5

NADA

—

~~ Bs
oe HPA

in the water, and only to be seen et e
human eye through the medium of a strong’
lens. When they are ready to shift for them-

selves, suddenly one morning the parent fish

will charge upon them and scatter them to the
water, right and left. It they choose to return
to the nest he will persistently drive them out;
for he wants it to be known that they are to
fall upon their own resources and make their
own way in the world of things. These small
sunfishes cling together in schools, unlike
many of the other fish, which take out for
themselves and do not incline toward the
school idea. The above is the propagating
history of the sunfish, which is employed along
this same manner by practically all of this
family from the black bass down to the pigmy
sunfish.

The culture and growing of sunfishes in
ponds, either for pleasure or profit is often
ret di with due care. Meehan comments
that:

“Unless a culturist wishes to be very parti-
cular and save every possible fish it_ will be
found necessary to surround a nest of sunfish
fry with a crib, or pound, but he may allow
them to scatter and dwell in the same pond
with the old fish until ready to be disposed
of. This method has one disadvantage in
that the culturist can scarcely give more than
a wild guess as to how many fish he is rearing.
If he impounds fry, and removes the advanced
fry to ponds by themselves, he may make a
reasonable estimate of what he has. Fish so
removed will grow rapidly, and more so than
if they are left in the breeding ponds, es-
pecially if the fry-ponds have a good supply
of aquatic plants which invite abundant
plankton. In the early days of sunfish life the
long-eared species seem to grow more rapidly
than the bluegill. It is not until after it is
about three months old that the bluegill
starts, and then it speedily surpasses its more
brilliantly colored cousin in size. An addi-
tional reason for removal is that rapidity of
growth is gained when the young do not have
to spend half their time in evading the at-
tempts of mature fish to devour them. It
would be a waste of money to put in.any such
artificial nest as is used for the black bass. It
would be cheaper to strip the fish and hatch ©
the eggs.”

There is nothing essentially spectacular
about the capture of the sunfish by means of
rod and line. The very mention of the name
of this fish calls forth a vision of the eternal
still-fisher, with his eternal cane pole, his
eternal linen line and his eternal Carlisle or
Cincinnati hook. The average fisherman
reckons his skill in not how craftily and in
what sportsmanlike manner one may take
various fishes, but in how many sunfish he can
speedily and conclusively decimate in a given.
amount of time. Your still-fisher squats in a
boat over a favorite sunfish rendezvous, along
the sides of a mid-lake sandbar and fishes as ~
long as they will bite, filling, if needs be a
whole gunny sack. What cannot be eaten,
the still-fisher figures, I can dig down in the
field. It is always a curious fact that two
thirds of these still-fishers care little or nothing
for eating even a smail portion of their catch
It is a mere cannabalistic feeling of conque
that their fishing caters to; the pulling

ts

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—— ae
= =

The Publishers of Rod and Gun Magazine invite readers of the magazine to contri-
bute articles and letters to Mr. Geikie’s department on matters pertaining to guns and

ammunition, but do not necessarily endorse the opinions expressed therein by these
contributors.

-ARMS THAT HELPED TO SHOVE THE
FRONTIER OFF THE MAP

(CONTINUED FROM LAST ISSUE)
By Ashley A. Haines

T has always been a difficult matter for
me to write about an arm that doesn’t
appeal to me and for this reason, and the

further fact that I have never used one,
though seen and handled them, but brief
mention will be made of the old Spencer
rifles which, it is claimed, were the first
magazine arms to be used to any considerable
extent for military purposes. During the
latter part of the great American Civil War
many of the Northern troops were armed
with these weapons: many of them afterwards
found their way West and were used on the
frontier, but just how extensively I do not
know. From what I have been able to learn
about the Spencer arms, I understand that
they were made in musket, carbine and sport-
ing models. The magazine, tubular in form,
was located in the butt stock, reminding one
in this respect of the Winchester-Hotchkiss
and the later .22 caliber Winchester and
Remington automatic rifles. The magazine
of the Spencers had a capacity of seven
cartridges while,an additional one could be

SPENCER MILITARY RIFLE

placed in the chamber making the arm really
an eight-shot repeater. As the arm was not
provided with the loop-lever of the Henry,
and its successor, the 1866 model Winchester,
and as the Spencer hammer was not auto-
matically cocked but had to be cocked by the
thumb, it will at once be apparent to one
familiar with the rapidity with which a loop-
lever repeater could be fired that the Spencer
~ comparison must have been decidedly
slow.

The cartridges used in the Spencers “were
all rim-fire, the calibers being .56-46, .56-50,
.56-52 and .56-56 and, although I am not
quite certain, I think there was another
Spencer cartridge called the .56-54. The
powder charges for all of these cartridges was
45 grains while the weight of the bullets
ran from 330 up to 386 grains.

As I have mentioned above, the Spencer
never appealed to me, so without considering
this arm further than to say that two of my
friends of 30 years ago often spoke of the
great satisfaction they had secured from them

bas
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knowledge that a true aim is backed up by true am-
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With Dominion .303 British Soft Point—or any of the
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654 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

on deer, elk and buffalo, and that my father
carried one of them in the Civil War and con-
sidered them a wonderful arm for that day,
we will drop the Spencers and take up the
Henry repeater, the forerunner of the three
early Winchesters which I consider as speedy
and reliable in operation, as any similarly
functioned arms of the present time using
cartridges of similar power. Now if I am
right, and I think that I am, it will at once
be apparent that the Frontiersman of the
*60’s, and later, who preferred an arm capable
f delivering three shots or so per second
(hough it might be lacking in ranging power
as compared to the more powerful and longer
ranged single-shots of that time) could be
accommodated.

PL UNS,
13 Sa eh i ee

F a oe
carrying the bolt with them, the final move- _
ment forcing the links up to a position in
which the front ends of the links, which are
pivoted to the breech pin, the rear ends of the ~
links, pivoted to the receiver, and the center
of the links, which are connected by a strong
rivet, in perfect alignment and held in that
position against the force of the explosion
by being braced from below by the lever.
This method of locking would hardly answer
for the high power cartridges of to-day, but —
for the cartridges to which it was adapted, the
Henry system, so far as I know, was abund-
antly strong.

Note another feature about the action, and
that is that the cartridge carrier was forced
straight upward by the finger lever and that

HENRY RIFLE—SHOWING POSITION FOR FILLING MAGAZINE

The Henry rifle, although using a .44 rim
fire cartridge containing but 28 grains of pow-
der and a bullet of 200 grains in weight, was,
in several ways, one of the most remarkable
arms ever produced. So far as I know to the
contrary, it was the first repeating rifle of the
lever type or perhaps any type, that was pro-
duced that could really be considered a
thoroughly reliable arm. Although I used
the Henry something over 30 years ago, I am
not positive as to its magazine capacity, but
think that it was not less than its successor,
the 1866 Winchester, which was 17 cart-
ridges. The reliability of the Henry, the
rapidity with which it could be fired when
necessary and the large magazine capacity

“made this arm a favorite with many on the

Frontier for any purpose where an arm of its
limited range and power would answer.
Although the mechanism consisted of
many parts which would incline one to the
belief that the action would of necessity be a
very complicated one, such was not the case,
for, properly understood, the arm was simpli-
city itself. Let those not familiar with the
Henry system study the sectional cuts of the
1873 Winchester shown herewith which, with
a few minor exceptions, was the same as the
Henry, when they will be able to better ap-
preciate the statement I have made as to the
Henry system being a very simple one. Note
that the finger lever is pivoted to the re-
ceiver by the lever screw, that a pin protrudes
from each side of the upper end of the lever,
and the end of these pins works in a groove
in the links and serves to unlock the action by
drawing same down at the first opening
movement of the lever, and then rearward
brings the breech-bolt with ‘t, which carries
the extractor for withdrawing the fired shell.
On closing, the lever forces the links forward,

when in its highest position the cartridge was
held in perfect alignment with, the chamber
ready for insertion by the bolt on lever being
closed. The principle was absolutely right,
but necessitated a breech bolt of practically
same diameter as outside dimensions of the
cartridge-rim in order to permit the bolt
passing through the carrier. This, of course
produced a bolt rather frail as compared to ~
the ones required for modern ammunition.
The barrel and magazine of the Henry were
of one piece of metal except as will be noted a
little later. That part of the magazine that
was integral with the barrel extended to with-
in about five inches or so of the muzzle. The
barrel beyond this part, as nearly as I can re-
member after a lapse of over 30 years, was
turned down considerably smaller than the
rest of the barrel. A barrel sleeve, with
section of magazine, fitted over this turned-
down muzzle and when in place the barrel and
magazine had much the appearance of all
being of a single piece of steel. The entire
length of the tube forming the longer part of
the magazine was slotted on its under side
for the projection of a thumb-piece of the
cartridge-follower. When desired to load,
this projecting piece of follower was slid
forward forcing the magazine spring into the
shorter section of the magazine, after which a
twisting motion of the barrel sleeve allowed _
the shortened portion of the magazine to be
turned sufficiently to expose the mouth of the
long magazine tube into which the cartridges
were dropped, rims to the rear, until the
magazine was filled. On turning the barrel
sleeve back to its normal position, the short
section of the magazine was brought in align-
ment with the longer magazine tube le
the magazine spring in position to force
cartridge follower back against the —

1
a

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 655

qtr,
ee
-

- aw

Game Farming

and Good Shooting

When you are out in the fields and woods with
your shotgun this fall, or in the marshes waiting for
the ducks, bear this fact in mind—your sport would
be much better if scientific game farming were conducted
more extensively in this country.

Game farming is being carried on much more extensively than formerly, especially during
the past year. Evidence is plentiful to the effect that eventually we will pay as much attention to
this important subject as have the people of Europe for many years. ‘The wonderful grouse
shooting in Scotland is one example of the results obtained there.

There are already many places in this country where good shooting is to be had in abundance
due to scientific game breeding. It is quite possible that one or more of these is located within easy
reach of your home. If you are interested we will gladly advise you regarding this if we have the
information in our files. If not we will tell you how to make good shooting in your locality and
put you in touch with others who are interested in this.

May we suggest that you write for our booklet, ‘‘Game Farming for Profit and Pleasure’. It

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How much do you know about the powder you shoot in the These powders are of unusually high and uniform quality. They
fields or at the traps? You should be thoroughly informed regard- give even patterns, high velocity, light recoil. You can always
ing it and specify a given powder when you buy shells. depend upon them. The next time you buy loaded shells specify

If you will write us we will gladly tell you about the two either Infallible or ““E,C.’? Smokeless Shotgun Powder. They
Hercules Smokeless Shotgun Powders, Infallible and “*E. C."?. may be obtained in all standard makes of shells.

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Gentlemen:—Please send me a copy of ““Game Farming for Profit and Pleasure’’. I am interested in game breeding from the stand-

PTA Se oS eye Tk UTS OR IO i ne eg OR St WN Sr TD Ke NOOO NNER EEL ape aM UE NORD GV Sy Sa”

656

ridges as fast as they were required. Due to
the arrangement of the magazine of the
Henry, this rifle had no fore arm. The re-
ceiver was of gun metal, or brass. The firing
pin was made with two points that struck the
cartridge rim at opposite sides thereby re-
ducing the chances of misfires. There was
no mortise cover to the receiver and was
without trigger safety or firing-pin retractor.

Toward the close of the Civil War entire
regiments armed themselves with the Henry,
at their own expense, rather than use the
regular arms issued to the troops at that
time. In the West it was used to a con-
siderable extent and its popularity only began
to diminish with the appearance of the Win-
chester 1866 model, using the Henry cart-
ridge, but differing from the Henry princip-
ally in the method employed to load the
magazine which was so perfect that it is the
same, practically, as is used at the present
time in nearly all lever action arms larger
than the rim-fire .22’s.

ROD AND GUN

~ id “J F's
if not the most, famous rifles

Ath ‘Ary at
gun history. mm

Vy , MA ie 4
The 1873 model had a receiver of steel, had

a slide covering the carrier block mortise,
which was an sal ety improvement over
the ’66 model and the Henry, was provided
with a trigger safety, preventing the trigger
being accidently pulled with action in an
unlocked position and a firing-pin retractor.
The .44 caliber appeared in ’73, and was the
caliber that made the name ‘‘Winchester”
nee The .38 and .32 calibers followed
in ’75.

While modern writers on fire arms topics
seem to derive a great deal of satsifaction
from ridiculing the old ’73 model .44 Win-
chester, at the same time it is only necessary
to follow them for a short time in their
ravings to discover that they are sure to
finally acknowledge that this arm and cart-
ridge accounted for more game in its day
(which might, probably, be said to run from
the time of its introduction in ’73 up to the

MODEL 1866 WINCHESTER

From 1860 up to the time of the introduc-
tion of the 1866 Winchester which it super-
ceded, the Henry had been manufactured by
the New Haven Arms Company. The im-
provements in the 1866 Winchester produced
a lighter and more symmetrical arm, as well
as one with a far better method of loading
the magazine and which greatly facilitated
the operation which was through the side of
the receiver as in most of the present tubular
repeaters. The 1866 Winchester had a fore
arm which contributed considerably to its
_ superior appearance over the Henry. This
arm had the two-point firing pin, like the
Henry, and like that arm had no trigger
safety or firing-pin retractor. The receiver
was of gun metal. This 1866 Winchester
_ became far more popular than the Henry,
but with the appearance of the 1873 Win-
chester, which had several important im-
provements embodied in its’ construction
over the 1866, and which also used a more
powerful cartridge, and a center-fire one as
well, the rim fire Winchester, though still a
popular rifle, rapidly gave way to the .44-40
which was destined to become one of the most,

early *90’s than any other one rifle in use
during the same period. We all know that
it would often have been better had a more
powerful arm been used for large game; but
facts are facts, so let’s give this famous rifle
credit for its past performances instead of
throwing mud on this arm, which, in its day,
was accounted worthy to mingle freely with
the Old Reliables, and not ridicule that class
of decidedly practical frontiersmen who
adopted it so generally and in whose hands
it accounted for far more game than many
of its critics will ever see.

Fourteen years after the Custer Massacre
I had the privilege of wandering over the
battle field where Custer and nearly 300 ot his
men fell before the murderous Sioux whose
numbers have been variously estimated to
run from 3000 to twice that number. Con-
trary to the generally accepted belief, the
fight occurred on a-high divide overlooking
the Little Big Horn River which was as de-
void of brush, timber, or ‘““Rocks and ravines”
as Longfellow would. have it, as a billiard ball
is devoid of hair. Knowing from experience
something of the possibilities of the .44 Win-

+

FULL LENGTH VIEW OF THE MODEL 1873 WINCHESTER

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA *

HiS HIGHNESS THE RAJA OF BASTAR

Palace,
8 Jagdalpur,
Bastar State, C. P.
Dear Sir:

The Ross .280 bore rifle I purchased from you is a very accurate rifle and
has always given me entire satisfaction. I was so very pleased with this rifle
in shooting a tigress lately, that I spontaneously send you this certificate with a
photo of the tigress shot, allowing you to publish the same in your catalogue.
With compliments.

Yours faithfully,

H. H. The Raja of Bastar.

€

The Ross .280 handles the king of the jungles just as successfully as it
drops the great grizzlies of the American continent. In many lands hunters
of big-game praise its power and accuracy.

The Ross .303 Models are slightly less powerful and also lower in price
than the .280. Many of the most experienced Canadian sportsmen use them
exclusively.

For small game or target practice the Ross .22 Cadet Rifle is
ideal. It sells at $12.00. Ross Sporting Rifles at $25.00 and
up. At best dealers everywhere. For catalogue write

ROSS RIFLE CO. - - QUEBEC

oe ee a" ahs! . fp oe vhs) #40 i é A a iy bi Ce ¥
658 — ROD AND GUN IN CANADA ~ VMS

chester as a rapid fire arm, and fully realizing
the execution it was capable of showing when
skillfully manipulated, I communed with my-
self somewhat as follows:

“If Custer and his men had each been
armed with a .44 Winchester, instead of the
regulation single shot arm, and if each_ of
these men had been a rapid fire specialist,
and each possessed of the courage of a Wild
Bill, there’d have been ‘‘Good Indians” galore

of Re a
deadly rapid-fire Winchesters evened up the am
score by preparing the Bad Man for the
undertaker. Armed with Winchesters, bank
robbers and desperadoes who held up trains
and stages and relieved all, individually and
collectively, of their valuables were men who
invariably were run to earth by the Sheriff's
posse armed to a man with Winchesters.
The Horse Thieves, riding in the clouds of
stifling dust raised by the stolen band being

S>=—=

MODEL 1873 WINCHESTER SHOWING ACTION CLOSED

‘left to have ornamented this divide and White

Men left to have recorded the fight,’’ and I

‘still harbor the belief.

As hunting arms the early Winchesters
including the 1876 model became immensely

popular with that class of Frontiersmen who

were quick to see and appreciate the ad-

vantages offered by arms exceptionally rapid

‘and certain in operating. When skilfully

manipulated, the fleeing herd of antelope or

‘buffalo rapidly diminished, the bunch of
deer bounding through scattering clumps of
brush or over wind-falls that afforded no
protection, _ fell

before the Winchester’s
withering fire, while the charging grizzly,

‘courageous to the last, unable to face the

veritable stream of lead spouting from the
Winchester’s muzzle. fell riddled at his slay-
er’s feet. Winchesters in the hands of Out-
laws cut short the lives of law-abiding citizens,

_ while the nervy officers of the law with the

hurried towards ‘““The Strip” felt secure with
Winchesters within easy reach, while the cow
boys hurriedly bunched for the purpose, quick
to get the scent and taking the trail, recovered
the rancher’s stock by aid of the Winchesters
carried in each man’s saddle scabbard. The
Red man, freshly decorated with war paint,
hit the Scrapping Trail trusting to Win-
chesters to carry him to its end, while the
Frontiersman, ‘‘Winchester-heeled,’’ hustled
him into the Happy Hunting Grounds. The
Greasers “‘started things’ along the Mexican
border with Winchesters which were cut
short by those nervy Rapid-Fire Specialists,
the Texas Rangers, armed with Winchesters.
Contending factions in the County Seat Wars
usually required but a few seconds with their
Winchesters to seed down a new cemetery a
of generous dimensions, while in the Cattle
Rustling Days, much as we dislike to record
the fact, tombstones were much in demand

Nak: (i oh ba ae OCD Re sha tnd 3

: ROD. AND GUN IN CANADA

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| f A. W. du Bray, Resident Agent, P.O. Box 102, San Francisco, Cal.

would find the Winchester.

solely due to the deadly work of Winchesters.
To sum-the matter up briefly it would be much
easier to mention where Winchesters had not
played well their part than to adequately
record the times they had. ‘They were arms
possessing exceptional merit which the Fron-
tiersmen were quick to recognize and as
quickly adopt.

Now as to the 1876 Model Winchester, or
“The Centennial Model” as it was also some-
times called. Briefly this model might be
described as an exact duplicate of the 1873
model only made with all parts larger to
handle larger and more powerful cartridges.

This arm, like the ’73 and ’66 models, was
made in musket, carbine and sporting models.
The .45-75 caliber was usea for some time by
the North-West Mounted Police, and was the
caliber first offered, but was later brought out
for the .45-60, .40-60 and .50-95 cartridges.
With standard length octagon barrel (which
was 28 inches in length) and full magazine,
this arm weighed 1014 pounds, was 12-shot
and, so far as I know to the contrary, was the
first really powerful repeating rifle placed on
the market, and up to the time it was super-
ceded by the well known ’86 model was meet-
ing with steadily increasing sales. As a big
_ game rifle and a frontiersman’s weapon it was
very popular. Concerning its effectiveness
on big game, permit me to quote from Mr.
A. C. Gould’s “Modern American Rifles’,
as follows:—‘‘“—the .45-75-350 has probably
killed more large game than any other cart-
ridge. It has killed thousands of times with

___ a single shot nearly every kind of big game

found within the borders of our country.
It shoots with great accuracy up to 800 yards,
and when designed was considered a superior
eng cartridge, a reputation it has never
ost.”

_ The appearance of the early Winchesters.
of which more than a million were marketed

__-was at a time when the West was swarming

- with big game of all kinds and when the
_ “Bad Man” and “hostile” had to be dealt
with. The rifle was equally useful to provide
meat for the frontiersman, for killing game
for the market and the more serious work of
keeping intact the White Man’s scalp; and,
for any purpose for which the most reliable
in rapid fire rifles were required, there you
While the ’66
and °76 models are no longer with us, and
while the Old Reliable Sharps, the Rolling-
Block, and Remington-Hepburn and Ballard
Pacific rifles have long since given way to more
modern arms, it is gratifying to those of us
who still’admire the Old Reliables to realiz
that the 1873 Winchester, the rifle that is
generally conceded to have played the most
Important part in the taming of the West,
_ has survived until the present time. What a

7 oe
7

WINCHESTER MODEL 1876 RIFLE, SOMETIMES CALLED “OLD CENTENNIAL”

-pleasure of seeing 35 of the buffalo he and his ©

:

b al eee ey’? "ype “y
pity that a tenth of the game $0 |
away back there had not survived wi

The well-known Indian Scout and Buffalo —
hunter, Col. Cody, more generally spoken of —
as Buffalo Bill, in winning the title of Cham-
pion Buffalo Hunter, used a Winchester rifle,
but the model or caliber I am unable to state. iy
I do recollect however reading of the incident _
when but something like twelve or thirteen —
years old, he accounted for 65 buffalo at one
run while his opponent, Comstock by name, —
I think, killed 45 under the same conditions,
The conditions, as I remember the incident. —
were-for each man to enter the herd together,

See ee ee ee

being allowed but one horse for the run, the
hunt to terminate when the hunter’s horse
was “all in.” After so many years since
reading of this interesting contest, anyone
will agree that it would be an easy matter to t
fail to state the exact facts in the case; so for
this reason I am going to ask some of the Old
Timers who may read this to give us the
particulars. -
No, I never killed a buffalo, but due tomy
father’s failure to consent to an older brother
and myself to accompany Buffalo Jones on
one of his last trips after buffalo in Texas
I missed the chance of a life time. Mr.
Jones used to stop at my father’s house
frequently and for some unaccountable reason
seemed to take a fancy to my brother and me;
and much to our surprise tried to induce my °K
father to let us go with him on that trip.
But father thought us too young; besides
there was important work to be done, andthe
thing was settled. However we had the

cow boys drove out of a herd. Part of these,
I think, were disposed of to “Kaiser Bill”,
the gentleman that is creating such a dis-
turbance over in Europe at the present writ-
ing, while the rest, I believe went to some
place in Manitoba. The last eight buffalo
that Buffalo Jones killed in Western Kansas
were killed within less than 50 miles of where —
we lived at the time, and were killed by him
in one run from horse-back with a 45-75
Winchester. I had the pleasure of seeing and
handling the rifle several times. A friendtold —
me that he had seen Buffalo Jones make arun
on a herd of antelope, jump off, and with that
same rifle kill more antelope than they could
haul in a spring wagon taken along especially
for the purpose. I never had the pleasure
of seeing him shoot, but my friend told me __
that he was quick on the trigger and a very
certain shot. : '
Another rifle that I shall only briefly con
sider, due to its having been pro out to
late to figure as prominéntly on the Front
as the others written about, will be the M
1881 model. This was made for the
405 Government cartridge and

9»

22 Savage Automatic Rifle, Model 1912

| outlines and balance are perfect. It han-
dles and comes up to your shoulder like a
miniature trap shotgun. It’s got the high
grip and low sighting plane that makes snap-
shooting easy.

And every time you pull the trigger it fires a
shot. You don’t have to work the action. You
don’t have to change your grip. You just hold
on and pull—and pull again—and again—and
every time you pull it puts a bullet with tack-
driving accuracy just where you held your
sights.

It’s the modern .22 rifle—a step, and a long
step, ahead of the ordinary repeater, though
it costs no more.

The .22 Savage automatic rifle uses the record
breaking, record holding, .22 Long Rifle Les-
mok cartridge only. It’s the best and nearly
the cheapest rim-fire cartridge.

It is hammerless, with solid breech and solid
top. Shotgun safety on top of tang. Takes
down for cleaning or carrying. Uses detach-
able box magazines—an extra one free with
each rifle.

20-inch round barrel, shotgun butt,
butt-plate, weight 434 pounds.

If your dealer can’t supply you, we’ll send you
a rifle and a hundred cartridges, express paid
in the U.S., for $12.50. And anyway, write
us for more particulars.

steel

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ss «

662

Marlin with a standard barrel length of 28
inches, shotgun butt stock (an unusual fea-
ture on repeaters at that time) and, with full
length magazine weighed, if I remember right,
about nine and a half pounds. This arm
had a very simple and strongly locked action
and all the accuracy of the famous Ballard.
In order to meet the demands of those accus-
tomed to the double set triggers of the Ballara
Pacific, this 1881 Marlin could be had with
set triggers, though it was regularly equipped
with a single trigger. . This model was also

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA __

<e

of the large caliber Marlin-made rifles

would be to give first place to the Ballard

Pacific and second to the 1881 Marlin. This
Marlin, by the way, was discontinued about __

1890 or possibly a year later.

In closing this series of articles let me sug-
gest that in case any serious errors have crept
in that the reader, should he develop into a
critic, kindly bear in mind that many of the
statements made have been cuenele from
memory and that if some of the old arms I
was familiar with in my younger days had been

MODEL 1881 MARLIN

made in lighter weights for the well known
32-40 and .38-55 cartridges. The lever pin
to this arm was notable for its large size
made necessary by the strain placed upon
it at time of firing as that part of the lever
from the lever-pin to where the front end of
ever fitted against the recoil shoulder in the
breech block acted as a brace to support the
reech bolt in the closed position. This
method of locking was a very strong one for
repeating rifles of that day. The carrier was
arranged to elevate the cartridge somewhat
similar to the carrier on the present 1886
Winchester, the forward end of the cartridge
being elevated higher than the head of the
shell and was stripped from the carrier, as
the lever forced the bolt forward. The car-
rier, as I remember it, had what for want of a
better name I shall designate as a sort of
cartridge-retainer made of thin spring steel,
and shaped to partly encircle the cartridge
towards the front end. This spring was be-
velled at the rear and after the bolt had partly
forced the cartridge into the chamber the

* lower edge of the bolt struck the bevelled

spring, the springs spread, the cartridge con-
tinued its forward movement while the
carrier was lowered in position for the next
cartridge to enter from the magazine.

This model Marlin had many strong points,
and if I were to express a preference for any

“SAFETY FIRST” WITH FIREARMS

Each year the shooting season records a
long list of accidents due to carelessness of
hunters in the forest and in the use of fire-

arms.

A gun going off accidentally and killing
the owner, climbing fences with the gun
loaded and cocked, or shooting at a com-
panion in mistake for an animal are stereo-
With the knowledge of the
danger of handling firearms, it is surely
incumbent upon hunters to exercise every
precaution and keep continually before them
the motto “‘safety first.”

typed causes.

at hand when making the statements em-
bodied in this series of articles the chances
are that some of the statements would have
been slightly different. At some time during
my life I have owned nearly all of the arms
that have been considered; the ones I have
not owned I have used, with the exception
of the Spencers and paper cartridge Sharp’s
which I have seen but in so far as the Spencer
is concerned only paid slight attention to, due
to that particular arm failing to appeal to
me very favorably. In practically ignoring
that arm, however, I may have turned down
something in the shooting-iron line pos-
sessing more real merit than I was aware of.
One of my reasons for writing the forgoing
was due to having been requested to do so by
the able gun Editor, Mr. Geikie. Another
was the fact that the subject interested me
very much, while a third and last, but by no
means least, was in the hope that it might
awaken old-time memories and that some of
the men who used the Old Reliables back in
frontier times might be induced to relate their
experiences with the rifles that provided them
with their daily grub and protected their hair.
Would that we had the game of those days,
even if to get it the same risks had to be
taken! With conditions as they then were,
we'd cease to howl more for new arms, tie
to one of “The Old Reliables’ and be happy.

I

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ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

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REAL SPORT

For The

REAL SPORTSMAN
Northern Ontario
Northern Quebec

Now made more accessible

hye x ol
ee tae ee Se ae
ee Se ee ee » 2. oun?

by the new line of the

From Quebec to Winnipeg

~ MOOSE, CARIBOU, DEER, SALMON,
BASS, TROUT

Write for publications about the new territory and the older
established grounds in Quebec, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia,
Newfoundland, to:

H. H. MELANSON, General Passenger Agent,
Moncton, N.B.

A -

664 FISHING NOTES—Continued.

tucking them in the sack arouses in them a
feeling of glory that Napoleon in his wildest
dream would not conceive of. If anyone would
but take enough for his needs, and quit at that
all would be well. Lakes would not be de-
pleted. But your still-fisher has the ex-
termination craving so fixed in him that he
must go out at least five times a week and fill
his sack. The Lawsaysnothingtothis. One
may catch three or a carload—if they are
taken with hook and line!

The large sunfishes bite well in the Autumn
on grasshoppers and furnish the means of
good sport in the chilly weather. They may
also be taken in the winter through the ice.

There are times in the summer when the
bluegills and pumpkin-seeds take the artificial
fly very well. In the humid summer evenings
when they are rising along the shores for
insects that fall to water the fly, rightly em-
ployed, brings in not only a goodly portion of
fish (and all that you need) but at the same
time some of the very largest of the clan.

The very lightest of tackle should be used:
preferably a wand of bamboo, two and one
half or three ounces in weight. One needs to

make no careful selections of flies in imitation —
of those falling to water. The sunfish does
not, in any sense, discriminate.
hooks to which these flies are tied should be a —
12,14 o0r16. The bright-colored flies are used —
best when the day is dark: the drab-hued one
on the lighter days.

The line should be a fine tapered one if
possible; the leader the very lightest you can
get hold of; and the reel may be a feather-
weight. The best fishing obtains in the early
morning and at dusk of a summer’s eve.
Mark where a fish is feeding and using some
caution, cast for the place in question, allow-
ing the flies to half flutter over the brim.
Care and skill is needed as in trout fishing to
set the hook at contact of the fishes’ mouth
with the feathers.

A surprise of no mean order is often in store
for one when a large bass bolts at your fly.
It is nip and tuck on that light tackle from the
beginning to the end. If he snags your line,
or gets into the friendly and convenient weeds
it is all off, and he will escape. But if played
well you are just as liable to land him as
though you were using sea-fishing tackle.

STRAY CONSIDERATIONS

Robert Page Lincoln

An Echo From The War.

“Down by the Somme, Frenchmen and
Englishmen were bathing in the same water
pools. Close by, French soldiers (fresh from
a recent batile, the dirt and dust of war upon
them) were fishing, as Frenchmen will always
fish, whatever thunderbolts of Fate may be
falling near them, and upon the hillcrest above
the Somme two French trumpeters sat for an

| hour or more playing a duet. The thunder-
stroke of great guns not far from us shook the
hills and echoed with dull thuds in the valley.
Death was busy only a mile or two away, but
the music of the two trumpeters came wander-
ing down the hillside very sweetly, and_ the
French soldier with a worm on the end of his
line pointed to five small perch in a petrol tin
and smiled with pride at his good catch. It
was one of the little contrasts of war worth
recording, because war is not all blood and
agony, but has quiet places and quiet hours.”
—Philip Gibbs.

S the year draws to a close the tackle
A that has been in use during the summer

is on the eve of being put away. Not
all men who fish in the summer season, or
in the fall for that matter have more than
a tackle box full to set away, and but one
rod to tuck away in its place—perhaps among
them all he is the most fortunate and has had,
perhaps, as good success as the man with the
valuable outfit. For it is not always the

* man with the costly outfit who necessarily

has the best success; a poor outfit, or a mod-
erately priced outfit used by a man with
some skill is better than the highest priced
outfit used by a man with little skill, who

blunders along, trusting too much upon his
fine paraphernalia to do his work for him.
Fishing, like anything else in the line of
contemplative pleasure is merely a means
to meditation and a resting of a tired mind,—
this, providing the fishing is not done in a
sense where they are in demand as food.
Yet fishing more than any other pleasure has.
assets innumerable. It begets contentment,
and mellows the thought; and if even em-
ployed for a scant space of time it helps.
one to forget many things in worry and stress.
—imparting a strange joy that is not easily
forgotten. Not all anglers or fishermen take
any joy in having a good outfit. Yet, in a
way a good outtt, one that a person takes.
pride in is something that has more than
passing value. A good outfit in the tirst place
is a durable outfit upon which one can always.
rely to stand him in good stead and come out
of many a hard battle with the same dur-.
ability and shape as of old. A well-turned
rod for instance, hand-made, is an appliance
that does not pan out in a year or two. —
There are rods I can mention that are as.
good now as they were ten or fifteen years.
ago; because they were well handled and
well taken care of. A rod should always be.
gone over-now and then; refinished; rewound
and revarnished. Many an old rod can
then be made to look just like new and will
last much longer. The fisherman who en-
joys himself always enjoys taking care of his.
tackle. The slovenly fisherman can be count-_
ed on to store his tackle away hap-hazard,

just as it was when he came in from his last

trip to the lakes or the streams. When he- _
takes his tackle box out in the spring, 1t wilh

But the ext:

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

BIG GAME 's CANADA

With forests and lakes covering 133,500,000 acres, Quebec
province is an immense preserve for moose, caribou and
deer. Make the Chateau Frontenac your headquarters and
outfitting point. Fine hunting also in the forests of New

Brunswick. For information apply to A. O. Seymour,
General Tourist Agent, Canadian Pacific Railway,
Montreal, Que.

Highlands of Ontario, Canada

The Home of the Red
Deer and the Moose

Open DEER—November Ist to November 15th inclusive.

Seasons MOOSE—November 1st to November 15th inclusive. In some of the North-
ern Districts of Ontario, including Temagami, the open season is from
November ist to November 30th inclusive.

Write for copy of ‘“‘Playgrounds—The Haunts of Fish and Game,”’
giving Game Laws, Hunting Regulations, etc., to

J. Quinlan, C. E. Horning,
Bonaventure Station, Union Station,

| Montreal, Quebec. Toronto, Ontario |

666

be just as he lett it in the fall—often a con-
fused jumble of things; spoonhooks, artificial
flies, weedless hooks, reels and minnows
all hopelessly hooked together. And _ look-
ing upon this mess with a dubious eye he
regrets that he was not more careful and
considerate the season before. In addition
to thoughtful and painstaking sport at fish-
ing one must have his tackle well cared for
and in order. With a good outfit on hand
one is more confident of some success at
least. Your success at anything, is measured
by the confidence you have in yourself in
attempting it. Without confidence, a feel-
ing of sureness, you fall back with a degree
of hopelessness upon yourself—the thought
arising, “Well, I won’t succeed anyhow so
what’s the use.”
It is during the winter that you are able
to prepare a great number of things for the
coming summer of fishing and camping.
There is the new tackle box for instance.
You may have some new ideas to work out
along this line. The average commercial
tackle box of tin is not a worthy affair. By
a little work, using certain woods, you will
be able to construct one, light and durable
that will give you much satisfaction. At
the same time in your workshop of a winter’s
evening you will pass many delightful hours.
Working upon the idea that four or five re-
presentative artificial minnows is plenty,
make a separate apartment for each one.
If you have been used to carrying your arti-
ficial minnows all cluttered together you
will know with what confidence you open
your box, to find each minnow in its place,
taken out at a moment’s notice. Do not
mix any two things together, such as spoon-
hooks and artificials, etc., but rather have
a separate place for each. It does not take
up much more space. If you will go back
over the past numbers of Rod and Gun, you
will, in an August Number I believe, find
a complete description of how to make a
tackle box that from every point of view is
a decided success; not only artistic but so
convenient that it will prove itself invaluable.
But I do not suggest that you exactly follow
this design. Branch out ror yoursel, using
personal inventiveness. By fashioning your
own tackle box you will be pleased in a mea-
sure far above that coming from building
one after diagram.
_ It is in the winter season that the angler

should prepare himself for the coming sum-
mer. For instance you have gone through
this summer’s fishing, say, without certain
things you know and eel that you should
have. For instance there is a bait casting
line that is highly recommended and does
not cost much more than the poorer line you
have been using. Now is the time to buy
some spools o: it, in various sizes, for bait-
casting and for muscallonge; and to set it
away in its apartment in the box. So too
with the weedless hooks you use for live bait
frog casting for bass. You may have been
using a common-gutted hook without a weed
guard. And you have always deplored the
fact that, while you have been able to use it
in the water along the edge of the pads, you
have never been able to cast into the midst
of them w'thout getting hooked up. Pro-

Le VN te (OAR a Fe lay yet <i A he
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ROD AND GUN IN CANADA |

cure, therefore, some good weedless hooks
and tuck them away. Get some plain ones,
and some with spinners to them. ‘The plain
ones, without a spinner, will be used in the
Wilderness of the pads, the others in the
more open water.

Now, also, it is a good thing to remember
to get all those small things you forgot in
the summer but which you feel you should
have. There are the various sizes of swivels;
there are the various snaps (such as the
Cooper snap); and various sizes of hooks.
If you are going to tie flies vou will
want not only Number 1’s (bass Size), but
also Nos. 8, 10, 12 and the 14’s and 16’s ior
the smaller trout and the minor fishes I am
just now engaged in writing upon. You
will also need to buv in hanks of gut, if you
are a trout fisherman and learn a little about
leader tying and fly making.

You will be surprised at the progress you
will make in the winter along these lines
alone. Considering that we pay ten or tif-
teen cents each for flies you can consider
what a saving it is. By a little determined
practice any ot the standard regulation flies
can be constructed.

It is in winter that the outfit to be used
the coming season should be lined out. The
neglectful man waits until the last minute and
then purchases what he is going to have, with
only a half notion as to what is best and what
is the most serviceable. Study the artificials
carefully, for instance, if you are going to
buy; then buy those that you feel you can
afford. Some feel that two or three is plenty
and enough; others insist upon having four
or rive or more. Remember too that it pays
in the long run to purchase the best. The
best in the end will be found to be the cheap-
est. In the beginning of a fishing career,
accepting it as a hobby, I used the cheapest
of rods. They would generally cost a dollar
and a half the rod, and were painted a cheap
boat green. These rods have nothing to
them of merit; they are stiff, hard to cast
with and have little ii any resiliency. They
are cheaply made and just seem to hang to-
gether by a hair. I have, on the other hand
a twelve dollar Bristol and I feel that if I
can add ten years more to it it will still oper-
ate as well as ever. The rod may cost a
little but I assure you I would not trade it off
for a brand new rod of the same make and
just like it.

The same may be said in regard to the

various reels one may choose from. The ~—

average bait-casting reel in use is a cheap
affair that may cost two dollars or a dollar
and a half. These winches last but a little
and then they become dull; they whine, and
squeak and shriek in protestation; and it
seems that even if there is no sand around
one always gets sand in the inside of it. That
is the end of that reel. Try to take it apart
and clean it and it is nine to ten that even
if you can put it together again it will abso-
lutely refuse to operate. They are cheap; of
brass, covered over with cheap nickle plating.
By adding just another dollar or two a good

reel, of the low-prices order may bejpurchased,

for instance the four dollar Kelso, put-out by ©
the H. J. Frost Co., who advertise in this |
magazine. It is a reel made of well-turned —

=
say

_ a ae

A RS en wn hele

~ ROD AND GUN

Vee dr cannes ait
(DB ese

Percosind paednes of our
Coffees is not surprisind, if
you consider the story of
our fifty years as a business
house —
Fifty years of constant study
to bring tothe coffee «+>
drinkers of North America
the Best to be found in
the plantations of the
world.

Chase zSanboris Coffees

169

NORM ALENT PTL obit
’ Fut a be | ‘,

es nh ue ATU pp vn
IN CANADA

‘Bull Moose|]

Ferociously Charged

Theodore Roosevelt

near Quebec,last hunting season.

How the Colonel killed the
Bull in self defence, after having
previously obtained his legal
limit of Moose, is told by him in
the February 1916 ‘“‘Scribner’’,
and by sworn affidavit atiQuebec.

Caribou and Deer

are abundant in parts of Quebec
Province, as well as moose and
bear.

“THE BEST TROUT FISHING

in the world is in the Province of Que-
bec, and so are the best Guides both for
fishing and hunting. Read Henry van
Dyke’s description of some of them in
“Little Rivers.”

Would you like to own

A Summer Camp

for your family, by a forest-clad stream
or mountain-surrounded.§ lake?

You can build one of your own, by leas-
ing a fishing and hunting territory from
the Government of the Province,
whether a resident of it or not, or by
acluIne one of the many fish and game
clubs.

Write for an illustrated booklet on
“The Fish and Game Clubs of Quebec,”
which tells you all about them, and ad-
dress all enquiries concerning fishing
and hunting rights, fish and game laws,
guides, etc., to

Hon. Honoré Mercier,

Minister of Colonization,
Mines and Fisheries.

Quebec, Que.

a)

yy

668

German Silver; light; durable; smooth-work-
ing, and is so exceptionally simple in con-
struction that it may be taken apart in an
instant, and put together as easily again.
Such a reel will possibly outlast (in actual
usefulness) four or five three-dollar-reels.
Can you see the saving, both in money and in
pleasure. There is absolutely not one grain
of pleasure to be derived from casting with
a two and a half or three dollar reel. Up
to seven dollars and a half we have some reels
on the market that you can use year after
year and still find them up to standard, pro-
viding that you have cared for and oiled
them as you should.

In the wintertime, too, one is always able
to construct trout rods and bait rods of split
bamboo, or of solid wood such as bethabara,
greenheart and lancewood. For experimenta-
tion you will find that the lancewood is the
best to practice upon and if you are able to
procure just the right, perfectly grained piece
a fine rod is assured. In comparison with
making a trout rod the bait rod is practically
very simple. It should be five and one half
feet in length and should be fashioned very
much like any bait rod, though it will be
round instead of hexagonal or octagonal
like the bamboo rods. To give this rod
strength it is fashionably wound with various
coloured silk thread. Anyone, I may say,
with mechanical ingenuity, care and delibera-
tion can make a solid wood rod that will be
as fine a tool of its kind as can be purchased

on the market. The main thing to bear in
mind is that a rod cannot be made at one
sitting. Work carefully; take your time about

it, in odd hours, and the end will show you

what you can do. The various rod fittings
may be purchased from the various tackle
houses at a nominal rate of expenditure.
The construction of tlies is one step in ad-
vancement in your ingenuity; and surely the
making of your own rods is another.

In the winter the trout flies that are so

4 _ valuable should be placed in bottles and well

corked up. This to prevent the moths from
getting in their licks.

Decide this winter where you are going for
your vacation this coming summer. The
average person waits till the last moment
and then rushes off to the nearest point with-

A barefoot boy,

A white birch podle;
A can of worms,

A swimmin’ hole,
A baited hook,

A tug and swish;
A steady haul,

A string of fish.

¥
UN ID

TWO ANGLERS

t; 1 Ne ag
out any knowledge of the country, th
of fish found there if there are strear
lakes, and what to bring along. Shall
bring my trout rod and flies; or shall I leave
them home and bring only the bass rod and

bite
musky outfit? And yet by having both out /
fits in northern territory (in places) one may

fish for speckled brook trout and for bass,

grey trout and others of the finny family. —

Ascertain through letters the place you wish —
to go to; find out also the lay of the country,

the nature of the stream and its tributaries —
(especially if you are going on a canoe tour);

so that when spring comes, everything is
tabulated and you do not have to spend rest-

less hours and days in figuring out what to —
Your questions, if particular, will be
answered in this magazine either by the ©
editor or by the readers who may know the —

do.

country you ask about more completely.

This department is principally conducted —

for your benefit and entertainment and you
are asked to make use of it. \

There are any number of things that the
man who has fishing for a hobby in the sum-

mer may do in the evening hours spent in

his den in the winter. Not the least of the -
ideas one may pursue is the becoming more
familiar with the proposition of fish culture,

if you have any thought of starting a small

or large establishment. As has been remark-

ed if you have springs, or a stream that may

be turned into account on your estate it is

well to go over these and learn to just what —
extent they may be used to advantage.

Then, too, the stocking of new home streams

with trout and other fishes. There are a
great number of such streams that would
make ideal trout brooks if they were but
stocked, being the means of supplying one
with trout and sport through all the summer.
Many of these fishless streams have been

My

40

[ee ee eee

good trout streams but they have panned ~

out, becoming depleted in any one of man
ways.

should be taken into consideration.

wa They should be re-stocked, and it I
is in the wintertime that plans for re-stocking —

No stream should be left fishless through ~

want of someone to stock it.

Every proper stream should have its quota —

of active fish.

A white duck suit,
A canvas boat;
A costly rod,
A patent float,
A gaudy fly,
A cash and swish;
A pretty sight,
But nary fish!

aT FINE PURE —r
For The Man Who Is Out-of-Doors

The soldier, the sportsman, the
prospector, the engineer will find
Jaeger Pure Wool Garments won-
derfully well adapted for Outdoor

life—comfortable and durable.

Here are some useful articles: Colic bands,
Socks, Sleeping Caps, Mufilers, Sleeping Bags,
Underwear, Flannel Shirts, Wristlets, Spencers,
Cardigan Jackets, Coat Sweaters, Knitted Waist-
coats, etc., etc.

A FULLY ILLUSTRATED

CATALOGUE AND DR.

JAEGER’S HEALTH CULT- >

URE WILL BE SENT FREE TORONTO MONTREAL. WINNIPEG

ON APPLICATION TO:— Incorporated in England in 1883 with British
Capital for the British Empire.

CLARK’S

CAMP SPECIALTIES

Need No Eulogism — You Know Them

Corned & Roast Beef Peanut Butter

Cambridge Sausage Tomato Ketchup
Lunch Ham Spaghetti with
Lunch Tongue Tomato Sauce and
Ox Tongues Cheese

Jellied Hocks Fluid Beef Cordial

CLARK’S CELEBRATED
PORK and BEANS

Your Camp Outfit is incomplete
Without Them.

t W. CLARK, LIMITED, MONTREAL

)

~~

Robert Page Lincoln

No. 75.—I have read with interest the
letter on Telerana Nova Casts from James
A. Keller, New Brunswick, in the September
Bre = “Rod and Gun’ and the answer trom

About three years ago I purchased some of
these casts irom Wm. Robertson of Glasgow,
Scotland, and intended trying them when
salmon fishing. I found that they were
exceedingly strong when dry, but when soaked
in water were utterly useless for salmon tish-
ing and would not stand even a slight strain.
I mentioned this to one of the guides and he
said that he had been given some by a salmon
tisherman who would not use them, and that
he found them- absolutely worthless. Of
course I do not know whether the guide’s
were the genuine article. I need not say
that I did not use them when salmon tishing,
and I have not made use of them since. I
wrote to Mr. Robertson for an explanation
as to the reason why these casts would not
stand, when wet, but he did not favour me
with a reply._.There can be no doubt that
I obtained the genuine article, as I purchased
them from Mr. Robertson direct. I need
scarcely say that I was a little disappointed
when I found out that the casts were worth-
less as I thought I had discovered an article
that would give entire satisfaction in the
leader line—that is: one free from knots
and of far greater strength than silk-worm
gut. Single silkworm gut is good enough for
me, if of first quality and of the right thick-
ness. I remember only one instance where
I lost a salmon through the breaking of the
gut cast and I believe it may have been
through my own fault.

Walter Greaves,
Ottawa.

Ans.—tThe letter from Mr. Greaves is
interesting, and his tindings are so opposite
to those I have discovered that I am not
a little amused. An angling writer tries out
various materials and paraphernalia, to find
out what is the best that he may pass along
his knowledge for the benefit of the fisher-
man or angler who has not the time to go
deeply into such matters. Finding some-
thing that is worthy of note, productive of
catches, etc., he gives the reader his findings.

rat ty

ES

<7 -__~+ >
ee

<a a
SS is “Ge
.

It is so with the Telerana Nova leaders that
I have tried out and found worthy of my
recommendation. I can assure my readers
that there is nothing in this recommending
of these leaders (no money payment)—for
if I had found them as our friend states he
believes them to be, I would surely not cheap-
en my name, and the reputation I have
attained, by booming them. But having
tried them during a whole summer’s fehae
(and in a wet state at that) I can say that

was not a little amazed at the tenacity and
general durability of them. I have a iis
of Telerana I used all summer in trout tish-
ing on very rough water and the thing is
still so tough that I marvel it 1s possible
that it will hold. Not being a beginner at
this matter of trying out materials my word
may be taken at its face value as being hon-
est; my sole interest is to see the good fellows
introduced to the better grade ot things; other-
wise I would write finis to this department,
having no doubt then fulfilled my space of
usefulness. Mr. Graves states that, “when
soaked in water they were utterly useless for
salmon fishing and would not stand even a
slight strain.”’ This is odd to say the least.
I am not a bit afraid to go up against the
hardest clipping salmon with my salmon
size Telerana—and this is absolutely not said
for business reasons for I have no connection
whatever with any tackle maker, here, or
in the old country. But Mr. Greaves states
that, “I do not know whether the guide’s
were the genuine article.” But I understand
Mr. Greaves to say in his letter that he had
purchased some from Wm. Robertson. Also
Mr. Greaves states that, “‘I need not say
that I did not use them when salmon fish-
ing, and I have not made use of them since.”
Then how can he be able to judge of their
merits or de-merits, unless having carefully
tried them out, under all conditions, and
in strong-flowing water at that, as I have.
All the present editor can say is that he be-
lieves Mr. Greaves has not had a try at the
genuine thing; he states he has purchased
direct, though he has not used them. To say
the least I am extremely pleased with the
specimens I have used. Their toughness,

their degree of invisibility in the water, their _

staying qualities are such as to merit more

wf

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==" LAMINATED § TEMPERD

The First Rule In Skating

is this—‘‘the head should rule the feet’’. Your dealer will be glad to show them
This is also an excellent rule to apply in and remember—with every pair of “‘Auto-
the selection of skates. Lightness is ne- mobile Skates” goes a guarantee against
cessary for speed. Your feet should not breakage.
be handicapped by clumsy, unwieldy Write for 1916 Year Book. It gives a
skates. complete review of the Hockey Situation,
For hockey, or for pleasure skating, you and contains valuable suggestions for
need “Automobile Skates.” those learning the new Figure Skating.
You can skim along with perfect con- Sent FREE upon request.

fidence in their strength and durability,
<SHATES

because the blades are_made by a special
process from Chrome Nickel Steel of the
same grade that is used for the finest
automobile gears.
“Ounces Lighter and Stronger’

This steel is highly carbonized part way
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_ hard and holds a sharp edge. A tough
“core” running through the center of each
blade makes the skate unbreakable. This

we GUARANTEE.
The featherweight aluminum tops also

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Made in Canada by
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* is sixty cents.

than a casual tryout. It is unfortunate that
our friend Greaves has not had success with
them. All we can say to the gentle brother-
hood conning over these pages is purchase
a twenty-five cent piece of this leader (a
three-foot length), from the agent in Pasadena
and try it out; give it the test and see if what
I am stating is all buncombe. If this leader
breaks af the least strain then your findings
will be listed in a huge, overwhelming pro-
test that will make Robertson over in bonny
Scotland turn over with a sigh. However,
we are glad to have brother Greaves’ letter,
and we say: come again with anything, for,
or, against. That’s what we are here for.
Pe.

No. 76.—Will you kindly let me know
the cost of the book called ‘The Science of
Fishing’; a book I desire to purchase?

Yours truly,
G. Hedmond,
Toronto, Ont.

Ans.—The book, ‘Science of Fishing,’ is
published by Mr. A. R. Harding. The price
> It is a very good handbook
at the price and has much practical informa-
tion in it for the man who is not quite up
on the fishing game, but who wants to learn.
Rod and Gun can secure a copy for you.

BPs

No. 77.—Will you kindly put an answer
to this in your Angling Queries and Answers
in Rod and Gun: Are large mouth bass,
black bass? Hoping that you may care to
answer this, I beg to remain,

Yours truly,
A Reader,
Lachine, Prov.Que.

Ans.—Large-mouthed bass are black bass,
they are one and the same; it is only another
way of stating it. The large-mouth bass is
always told by the large mouth, and the
black stripe on each side, distinctly (as a
rule) in prominence along the lateral lines.
If you are not able to tell the large-mouth
any other way the black stripes down the
sides will always give him away. But in
all cases the large-mouth black bass may be
told from the small-mouth bass, by the large-
mouth. The small-mouth bass has a de-
cidedly smaller mouth. Also the small-
mouth bass has not the black stripes down
its sides, along the lateral lines, there are
blotched perpendicular markings on the small-
mouth, more or less distinct according to
the water they are taken from. Now in
line with the markings on bass: I have taken
bass in some waters where the black stripe

on the side was almost indistinct; others,

in other waters, have had the black stripes
most distinctly in prominence. In some
waters the bass taken are very green in
coloration—as I have said it depends upon
the water they are taken from. The feed,
the environment (the bottom, whether ntuddy
or sandy), has much to do with this. Puta
heavy black striped bass in a very sandy
and scarcely weeded, or padded lake and
that bass will become light in coloration.
In such environments the black stripe is

wig

liable to fade out, and be gone, in time, al-
together. But as to the main part of your —
query, is the large-mouthed bass a black
bass I say: they are one and the gg ‘a,

That Auto-Tail Hook: 1 was very much
entertained in reading Fishing Notes, in
Rod and Gun for September, and particularly
amused by the query from a Massachusetts
gentleman in re fishing for Lunge in Temagami
Lake—and the introduction of the new spoon,
the Auto-Tail, as your fishing editor has it.
I am thoroughly well acquainted with most
automobiles and Fords but I at first thought:
this must be some new thing since the days
when I fished in beautiful Lake Temagami.
After a little thought I concluded that the
gentleman was either misinformed, or had
been made the butt of a joke by some face-
tious guide—then I remembered the old
Otter Tail spoon, called now the Temagami
Lake Trout Spoon. I am inclosing a cut of
it, by which I know Mr. Lincoln will recognize
the animal, if he did fall down on the name.

I have used very successfully a small cali-
ber of Copper wire in Temagami for the large
Lake Trout, but never for muscallonge, for
I never found them in from one hundred
to three hundred feet of water, where I usually
got my trout, in the summer months of July
and August. ; :

Hoping this little information may _ set
right your i wer Editor, and with best
regards and wishes for Rod and Gun, I remain,

Very truly yours,
J. A. Melsheimer, M.D.,
Hanover, Penna., U.S.A.

Comment: The Fishing Editor wishes to ~
thank brother Melsheimer for his very timely
and adequate information, which is very
much appreciated, as no doubt it will be
appreciated by the many readers of this
magazine. We only wish that more of the
Great Brotherhood of Anglers would come
along with a “‘piece’”’ now and then to kindle
new lights in this department. I must say,
out of good truth, that I have never tried out
the spoon the good doctor speaks of, but if
I can lay hands on it I may hike over Tem-
agami way and try it sometime. In Justice
to Mr. Moore (who must think by now that ~
we mean him ill), I will say that he got the
name of that spoon wrong, for I have no
doubt it was Otter-Tail and not Auto-Tail
as he got it. I was doing up my department
at the time up north in long hand, but I re-
member reading the name over many times ~
to get it right. Also out of justice to Mr. ©
Moore I must acknowledge that I overlooked _
something in my reply. I suggested that I ~
could not see how he could get all that wire
on the A. F. Meisellbach reel, which reel is
434 inches, outside dimensions, which has a
capacity, as Mr. Moore states of one hun-
dred yards of that copper wire. I had the —
Takapart bait-casting reel in mind all the ~
time, and did not think at the moment that {|
they also put out ocean reels. Mr. Moore —
must have been using an ocean reel in which ©
case of course the wire could be assembled —
on it with some success. We do not
to appear arrogant, and high up in |

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‘
I

Teg e. a Re Of Ge ele eee

674 - ROD AND G

about things, for we are not. We always
invite anglers in general to share here their
findings and speculations, and we will always
try to give information to the best of our
ability. There are many young fellows eager
to get in the bait-casting and fly-casting
ranks, with each new year and these we
particularly wish to inform through these
writings. Since half of the sport of fishing
is in having the right sort of tackle the fisher-
man will do well to outfit right, and the cost
is never too high when one considers how
much other forms of sport and equipment

cost.
Re PAL.

_ No. 79.—I have been speculating on mak-
ing a Tango Minnow purchase for the com-
ing season. Would you suggest their small-
size minnow. or their large-size, and what
colour of a Tango do you think is the best?
Some fishermen here have been using the red
fellow with the white head. It is catchy
looking and is the only colour I have seen.
Is the moonlight, Radiant Tango any good?
Thanking you, if you should care to answer
this through your columns, which I much
enjoy reading, I beg to remain,

Sincerely yours,

S. B. Harmon,
La Crosse, Wis., U.S.A.

Ans.—By all odds I would suggest that you
use the large-size Tango minnow, whether
for bass, pickerel, or any of the fishes. The
small size is in my opinion, too small for the
purpose in view, and I will say that half
of the success with the Tango I have had,
if not all, has been with the large size. How-
ever, other fishermen may see it differently
but I rarely use the small size of this minnow.
The Tango minnow is furnished in many
colours, most common being the all red one,
the all yellow one, and the mottled white
and green one, the latter colour representing
in coloration a green frog. I have had better
success with the yellow-bodied one, though
I must admit that most of the time I have
used that to the exclusion of other colored
ones. One selects a colour to a minnow with
the condition of the water. On cloudy days,
in waters that are dark, it is best to use a
yellow or a white and green mottled one:

_ in light water, on a sunshiny day the all red

one, with the white blade is by far the best.
But, as I say, my favorite of this brand of
minnow has been the all yellow one, the
upper part of whose blade is red. The
peculiar up and down, and sidewise move-
ments of the Tango minnow, that very de-
sirable snaky motion in the water places
it in the forward ranks of minnows. As I
have pointed out in a past article, to be very
attractive and killing a bait should not have
too drastic a wobble. Some, by the way,
look like demons let loose, and would rather
surprise and scare a fish than attract it to
strike it. In regard te.the Radiant Tango
will say that it is very good, and glowing as
it does is very good on the bass at night.
While the radiant Tango cannot be cast in
the deepest and densest of the pads, in the
open water alongside of the pads, or weeds,
inshore, it has proven good. By all odds a

tf fe 4
ie Li Reams Se ‘ob

UN ]

moonlight glowing wobbler has more
tion than an underwater, or surface minnow
glowing bait, which mostly moves along in
a more or less even level. The wobbling 4/18
bait, treated to the glowing preparation, moy-

ing around here and there more widely diffuses ;
the glow, and proves more attractive all ‘
around.

Ro Pika

No. 80.—We have had quite a discussion _
here in regard to a certain question, and we
have never been able to get it straightened
out. Reading Rod and Gun the other day
the thought struck me that by putting the
question to you you may in all possibility be
able to answer this for us. We have a sort of
a pond here that I am quite certain is fed by
no inflowing water from any other lake or
stream, and up to two years ago I am certain
that that pond never held a fish of any kind,
or minnow of any sort. There are any num-
ber around here who would say the same.
Yet at a certain time one summer, after a
great storm that pond was suddenly filled
with minnows of all sorts and even in a small
strip of water made by the rains there were
found minnows. The odd part of this is
that to that date no minnows had been noted
in the pond, but some days after the big
storm the pond seemed filed with them.
They were not ordinary swamp stickbacks,
for many of them proved to be buffalo fin- _
minnows. We have debated upon this ques-
tion for a long time and have come to believe
that these minnows must have been absorbed
in some lake, by some strange action of the
storm and dropped in this pond. Strange
as this may seem it appears the only solution
to the problem that we can see, and we are
quite sure that they were not planted there
for there appeared so many of them, and
at the same time the ponds made by the
water contained these same minnows. If
you are able to answer this will you do so
through your Angling Queries and Answers
and I shall be much obliged for the trouble
taken. Hoping that this may be of general
interest, I remain,

Fraternally,
Alfred Willy,
Minnesota, U.S.A.

Ans.—yYour findings and your trouble at
arriving at a solution are by no matter of
means a new thing, for there is little doubt
but that any number of persons*have been
nonplussed when meeting up with like occur-
rences, in widely different centers. We have
known of two or three such cases as you state,
but in each case we were able to trail down
an inlet, which, in high water, afforded means
for these pugnacious minnows of various
types to ascend, and so populate the swamps,
and the ponds. In one of these cases it seem-
ed well nigh impossible that minnows could
come up from a certain creek and yet such
was found to be the case. In another in- ~
stance, during high water, a whole chain of ©
swamps were ably passed, finally to the last —
one far from the original lake. It is part of
Nature’s vast scheme of populating every-
thing that wins where all seems imp
No doubt minnows are caught in rain wi

sik

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USEFUL
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WILL KILL
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NOTHING
BETTER
FOR
BRUISES

sTo C.C RICHARISEO) |
ARMOUTH. N.S. 2)

vs

would believe anything possible.
as you sa
- water an

of many ways:
till that time (after the storm) the presence

- nows around shore.
noted it all.

; will find much truth in this.
_ lutely no possibility of a storm

or patie. and will die if another haut rain

does not come so that they can find their
way out, and into some other larger water.

- You must remember that adventurous fishes

of this sort are able to swim, and make their
way over mere trickles of water at a very
likely speed, that, too, so small that half of
the time they are back up or sidewise. If
you would wntchs after some rain the spirit of
the minnows hunting new grounds, you
But if,
, you are nowhere near any other
chains of lowland leading to some
lake or river or stream from which these

- minnows could come, one would be rather

confused to say the least. The pond may
have been planted with large fish, in any one
you may not have noted

the minnows, never having thought to
investigate. No doubt you saw these min-
That is why you easily
The minnows, acting upon a
resolve to swim somewhere else had come

- around the shores to hunt an inlet or outlet.

I think if you go over it again carefully you
There is -abso-
“raining”
down these minnows. Many are the phen-
omena of storms, tornadoes, etc., but this
would be the cream of them all, with all the
Edgar Allen Poe trimmings. You did not
find any dead minnows littering the water

ot and the. land, did you? or did you find any

3 i.

Sy

on the land? Can you conceive of millions
of minnows whipped up out of a lake and
_ transferred, perhaps a hundred miles, through
the air with all the gentle sensations of riding
on a Coney Island Scenic Railway, and in

LET ’ER RAIN ee

i Cloa A Parker-F uller

Let ’er rain!

And I don’t eare a button if it snows,
For it never hurt me yet,
When I got a little wet—

Inside ’er out—
An’ I’m in doubt

If I’d ever melt away,

For I tnink I’m here to stay.

I’m not salt, nor yet sugar, though I s’pose
Someone’s honey I must be,

But I still refuse to see

Why I should fret
Because it’s wet,

For I love a snappy breeze,
Glaring ice, or zippy freeze,
Or the sunshine that brings the fragrant rose.

Let ’er rain!

ios
—as thistle ietican into the contend + tha

course of phen © ng dt
Even though it would be possible (whic
is not) to land them all exactly in pi

we have no doubt that there would be at
least half a million dead buffalo minnows

etc. on the water after that storm. Like-—

wise the theory that small toads rain from
the sky in storm weather, because,

the innocent people, after the rain the ound
is covered with millions of them; w

roads are just full of them! But they Bi not
believe it possible that these same bab
toads, (only one out of a thousand of whieh
will live), may hide under leaves, blades of
grass, and thousands of other things and
that when the rain comes down they like to
come out and enjoy it all.

But, referring to storms, that’s different.
Tornadoes do awful things. A man m
litted off the ground and deposited in a hay-
stack four miles off, which recalls a story.
A Swede farmer had occasion to get mixed.
up in one. This tornado did the work clean.
It first lifted the house away; then it took
the farmer in his bed and carried him over
four hills and set him down, after it had
turned him around a couple of times, in a
gentle valley. The bed was as sound as
ever; and so was the farmer. Meeting the
village preacher the next day, he told the
story of it to the divine.

““Ah, such are the ways of the unseen,”
breathed the reverend man. “But I suppose
the Lord was with you in your flight!”

“Well if he was,” uttered the farmer with
immortal conviction, ““He was going some!”’.
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HALLAM’S ANIMAL BAIT will largély increase
your catch of furs. $1.00 per bottle, or six bottles
fer $5.00, postpaid by us.

NO. 44 JUSTRITE HEADLIGHT gives a penetrat-
ing light and will not biow out.- It burns ten hours
on one charge of carbide. It has a lens for diffused
light for camp purposes and a special long distance
lens for hunting. Weight 24 lbs. Price complete
with cap delivered to you $4.50. In ordering give
size of cap desired.

THE BRILLIANT SEARCHLIGHT develops from
150 to 400 candle power, depending on the model and
lens used. With this light an object can bedistinguished
at 200 yards. It burns four to twelve hours on one
filling of 4 oz. of carbide, depending on the size of the
flame. Lamp can be used as a headlight, carried in the

fiand, hung on a pole, or set on a table. Mailing
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Style Single Lens Double Lens Interchangeable
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2 Adjustable Candle
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3 Adjustable Flat
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GILL NETS mounted with leads and floats ready
for the water 20c. per yard. In ordering give size of
miesh stretched measure desired. Descriptions and
prices of Traps, Guns, Sights, Hunting Knives, Hunting

xes, Camp Stoves, Tents, Flashlights, Bicy cles,
Compasses, Fishing Tackle and other sportsmen’s
supplies shown in our 1916-17 edition of HALLAM’S
TRAPPERS’ & SPORTSMEN’S SUPPLY CATA-
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| John flallam

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No. 922 Hallam
Building
TORONTO

QUEBEC

swing here since the first of September,

and the Northern part of the Province

of Quebec, which is reached by the Quebec

& Lake St. John and the Canadian Northern

Railways, is more than living up to its long

Brruneed title of ‘““The Sportsman’s Para-
ise.”’

The various Private Clubs report a greater
number of guests than ever before, with big
game never so plentiful.

The premises of Messrs. Rowley Bros. at
Lake Edward are filled to capacity, but ad-

3 Rape hunting season has been in full

ditional quarters are under construction, and
everyone speaks nothing but the highest of
praise for the splendid sporting prospects.

Amongst the many new Lodges constructed
this year are those of Mrs. Nathan Stern and
Mrs. Cooper of New York, and Mrs. Henri
Fontaine of Quebec.

P< The fishing has been exceptionally good in

this district, several enviable catches being
Big game is also very plentiful,

reported.

IN THE CARIBOU LAND, NORTHERN QUEBEC
678

THE KING OF

Moose in particular abounding in surprisingly
large numbers.

Mr. W. S. Jenny, who has just returned
from the Triton Club, bringing with him a
magnificent Moose, reports a full list of
Members, with Sport never better.

Mr. R. B. Manning, the popular guardian
of the Metabetchouan Fish and Game Club
at Kiskisink, reports a very large influx of
members and Mr. F. C. Wilcox, one of the
Members, was very successful in bagging a
fine bull Moose on the day of his arrival. At
Stadacona Club, Mr. A. R. Martin, Jr.

THE FOREST _

accompanied bya large party amongst whom
are Mrs. A. R. Martin, Master Martin and
Mrs. McNaughton, and her two sons, arrived
a few days ago for an extended stay, and Mrs.
Martin succeeded in bringing down a magni-
ficent Moose, while one of the McNaughton
boys was very proud of his shot which bagged
a large black bear. Several other members of
the party, preferring to fish, report much
success.

Mr. Henry Sanford arrived at Quebec
recently, from Stamford,Conn. in his private
car “Chicago’’, accompanied by Mrs. Sanford,
and their little son, together with a large party
é6f friends and lett by special train for Mr.

TROPHIES FROM LAKE EDWARD£DISTRICT, “ |

CHAP. II.—MODERN SHOTGUNS.. 22
Barrels, Actions, Fore-end Fasten-
ing. Locks—fixed and hand de-
tachable.

CHAP. III—MODERN SHOTGUNS

Pee nued) ARPS Sa a te aaa 43

afety-bolts, Ejector, GOne-Trigger

CHAP. IV.—MODERN SHOTGUNS
MNEIIEEL Joo SEs Sale a ieeke wie ect 65

The Processes of Manufacture and
The Gun Complete.

CHAP. V—MODERN SHOTGUNS
MINE Yee. he ica stec yous. 92
izes, Lengths, Weights and Char-

Se Boring, Shooting-Power and
erformances, Pattern, Penetration

and Recoil.

CHAP. VI.—SHOTGUN AMMUNI-
TION

Cartridges and Cartridge-Loading,
Primers, Gunpowder, Powder
Pressures, and Barrel Bursts. Shot
Velocity and Sizes.

ij} CHAP. VII.—MODERN SPORTING

I icke oo in'e o's wa nie o% wie ne deen 162
CHAP. VIII. —MODERN SPORTING
ores ( Continued) ............
Single-loading, Magazine, and
ST CS 191

CHAP. IX.—THE NEW ACCELER-

ATED EXPRESS RIFLES AND
AXITE POWDER .......... id 215

A Manual of Practical Information
For Sportsmen of Today

By Henry Sharp

Author of ‘The Gun Afield and Afloat,” ‘Practical Wildfowling,” £tc.

WITH OVER 250 ILLUSTRATIONS

CHAP. X.—BALL AND SHOT
GUNS AND THEIR DEVELOP-
MENTE Seite. 3 a 231

CHAP. XI.—THE Ce OF
RIFLES 256
Trajectory.

CHAP. - XII.—SPORTING
LETS

CHAP. XIII.—MINIATURE RIFLES
FOR MATCH, TARGET AND
SPORTING PURPOSES?2: ¢. eae 322

CHAP. XIV.—GUN-FITTING
The Try-Gun and its Uses, Stock
Form and Measurements. Second-
hand Gun-Buying. :

CHAP. XV.--GAME SHOOTING IN
GREAT BRITAIN 373

CHAP XVI.—WILD FOWL SHOOT-

© 0 ea ce) see @ 0 - se 0 o) 8 ele Sle leia avene

BUL-

rd

ING IN GREAT BRITAIN ....... 410

The Various
Loads.

CHAP. XVII.— THE SPORTS-
WOMAN; HER RATIONALE IN
THE FIELD AND HER EQUIP-
WEBI arate a git Sty eile «ponte See 430

CHAP. XVIII.—LADIES IN THE
FIELD
( By the Duchess of Bedford ).

CHAP. XIX.—SHOOTING ABROAD446
The Necessary Armament; The
Import Duties on Guns, Rifles and

Species, Guns and

Cartridges; The Sport to be Ob-
tained; Arms Suitable for Killing
Big Game.

Will be sent postpaid on receipt of price, $2.00

| Address: BOOK DEPT., ROD AND GUN IN CANADA, WOODSTOCK, ONT.

CM

2 LL
¢ 7 :

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680

Sanford’s hunting Lodge at Sanford Station,
formerly known as the Old Bakery, for an
extended hunting and fishing trip. Mr.
Sanford has been busily engaged with his

regiment at Plattsburg, N.Y.,/since the be-

ginning of the Mexican trouble, to be ready

ON THE PORTAGE

if needed to proceed to the Mexican border in
command of his own Regiment.

The following is a list of members of dif-
ferent clubs along the lines of the Q. & L. St.
J. Ry., who have been successful since the
season opened.

L. P. Gagnon, Quebec, at Summit Club,—
one moose; Mrs. A. R. Martin, Jr., New York,
at Stadacona Club,—one moose; Louis

LAKE EDWARD DISTRICT

was

ROD AND GUN I

nes pi INTC SOCRe
N CANADA

Brassard, Roberval, at Roberval Club,—oni
moose; R. C. Wilcox, New York, at Metabe

chouan Club, Kiskisink,—one moose; W. ig ‘
Jenney, New York, Triton Fish & Game Club, ©

Trito,—one moose; John P. Cheney, Meta-
betchouan, —one moose; H. VY. Ebven,
Schenectady, N. Y., on Little Saguenay St.
Raymond,—one moose.

There is also a large part
sportsmen arriving at their
Bay Jct.

One of the most frequent visitors to the
Northern Country has just arrived at Triton
Club in the person of Mr. John Christopher,
who left New York on Sunday last and ar-
rived at the Club on Monday afternoon. If
he keeps up with his old records of previous
years, we may hear from him in a day or so
with something special in the Moose ins, as

of American
lub at Ha Ha

Mr. Christopher certainly knows where to —

locate the big fellows.

At the club are Mr. and Mrs. Benjamin and
Mr. Converse and according to reports from
that source, some of the largest trout ever
taken have been caught during the past week,
several specimens of which are in the hands
of Holt, Renfrew Co., being mounted.

Mr. and Mrs. Newman, who were at Lake
Edward in the early part of the summer for
the fishing season, have again returned from
New York and are at present on an extended
hunting trip on the preserves of Messrs.
Rowley Brothers at Lake Edward.

According to reports arriving daily from

—~s

this Northern Country, it is clear that the —

Lake St. John Line is becoming more popular

every year, and any morning the St. Andrew —

Street Station presents a most animated
appearance as the throngs of hunters from
all parts of the North American Continent
are leaving for these Northern woods and the
line is certainly keeping up its long established
name of the ““Sportsman’s Paradise.”

\

;

a—s

La als ee eee

Finer-Knitted and
Lighter Underclothing
the Warmest

The following item will show that the British Govern-
ment are now recognizing a fact that we have always been
proclaiming.

land, recently stated as follows:—

“Owing to the lack of sufficient numbers of coarse
gauge frames, on which to make military garments,
the authorities have been compelled to consider the
acceptance of garments of-a FINER class.

The results in point of comfort for the men have
been so satisfactory that it is very unlikely that there
will be a general acceptance of coarse fabrics, as in
the past . . . . It has been discovered that in
using the coarse types of woollen yarns, made from
wool of thick fibre and of small heat-retaining prop-

RESPONDING INCREASED WARMTH.

Indeed, it is found that for warmth and comfort,
BETTER RESULTS are obtained from finer fibred
materials, while the freedom of movements of the
limbs is very much increased.

The recent increase in the demand for FINER
YARNS FOR MILITARY GOODS will certainly
be permanent.”

The extra warmth of “CEETEE” Underclothing, which is now a
recognized fact, is due to the above facts. Not.only is it made from the
finest and purest Australian Merino Wool, but it is knitted closer, thus
producing lighter weight, with greater warmth and freedom.

Il joins have selvage edges and are KNITTED, NOT SEWN to-
gether. Thus there are no seams to ravel or irritate.

A “CEETEE” garment is so soft a baby can wear it,

Furthermore a “CEETEE” garment WILL NOT SHRINK, and
this is guaranteed.

et a a aad

SOI eer ar es -
~ > ‘ . i : ee |

Manufactured by

THE C. TURNBULL CO. OF GALT, LIMITED —

GALT - ONTARIO
EES ceneOG

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Pe

The Principal of Hawick Technical Institute, Scot- if

erty—the men are carrying weight WITHOUT COR- | ag

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interesting and instructive to the owners of dogs and more interesting to breeders as an ad-
vertising medium. As Rod and Gun has a good circulation from coast to coast as well as im

many of the States,

It is our intention to make this Kennel Department bigger and better than ever; more

nd reaches that class o1 red-blooded sportsmen who admire a good dog,

breeders will find these pages particularly effective in disposing of their stock. List your

kennels in these columns and take advantage of this active market.

BREEDING

There was an old saying that like produces
like, but experience tells us that this needs
considerable modification. It is perfectly
true that the alliance of a Fox Terrier sire
and dam will produce Fox Terrier puppies;
but it is altogether wrong to assume that
if one champion is mated with another the
progeny will be champions also; on the con-
trary they may not even disclose many good
points among the whole of them, and the
exercise of considerable judgment is needed
to bring about a fusion of blood which will
produce the results at which we aim. As
this article is primarily intended for those
whose knowledge is not extensive I may be
pardoned for stating what to many are merely
commonplaces. A champion dog may occa-
sionally appear in the litter as chance, or
what we should term a “sport,” and the
probability is that he will not have the power
to reproduce his good qualities to any extent.
The law of heredity is inexorable, whether
we obey it from scientific knowledge or merely
by rule of thumb. When the uneducated
man says that you must consider what is
at the back of a sire or dam, you understand
that he is stating in homely language a
scientific truth. We cannot look for any
degree of success in our breeding operations
unless we know something of the ancestry
of the material upon which we are working.
Time after time we find wealthy people buy-
ing up all the best dogs and bitches of a
variety and yet failing ignominiously to
achieve any results worthy of consideration.
The fact is they are working completely in
the dark. In getting together the founda-
tions of a kennel, it is best to choose matrons
from well-known strains that have stood
the test of time. They need not of necessity
even_be prize winners, although by, choice

682

one would naturally prefer having the very
best obtainable; but it is essential to seleet
healthy bitches with plenty of bone and sub-
stance, unless we are dealing with toys, which
is quite another matter. The stud dogs used
should be primarily of sound constitution,
without any apparent congenital defects,
and they should not only embody in them-
selves the poms which we wish to reproduce,
but they should come from a strain in which
these features have been predominant. A
little experience will soon teach one that
some dogs are much more prepotent tham
others, that is to say, they have in a greater
degree the capacity for stamping their de
sirable characteristics upon their progeny;
and we find that almost without exception
such have been most carefully bred for some
peneray one past. This knowledge cannot

e purchased, but it comes more readily te
some than to others. It is not every one
who has a clear understanding as to the real
meaning of the law of heredity. Acquired
characteristics cannot be transmitted. It
has been the custom to dock the tails ef
terriers for many, many years, and still they
need curtailing. The fact that you have
taught a dog certain tricks is no reason for
assuming that his pups will also show a pre
disposition to similar acts.

When particular qualities have been appar-
ent in individuals of a certain tamily for
many generations past, the natural pre
sumption is that the present representatives
of this family will be able to transmit their
god points to others, and it is eminently

esirable that sire and dam should be equally
wel) bred. C ha
wished-for features may be intensified by

consanguinity, and for this reason it is a

common practice for owners to resort to ke

It is quite obvious that any

a

ew a

SILVER
YOUR BULLETS

WILL HELP THE ‘‘OLD COUNTRY’”’
and you get the WORLD’S BEST
GUN when you BUY A GREENER.

Greener Guns are made in the most
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in the World by All-British labor under
the supervision of Sportsmen-Gunmakers,
who know by experience JUST WHAT YOU WANT -Satisfaction
is guaranteed. You get a gun with “‘life’ in it, a weapon you will
“love’’ and hand down to your grandson as a “‘real killer”’.

Don’t buy a piece of metal and wood, a “‘courtesy” gun built
by the mile and cut off by the yard—get a real gun—A Greener,
and get it NOW. ‘Empire’ $65.00. Others up to $1000.00.

CATALOGUE AND BOOKLET R.2 FREE.

W. W. Greener *2,273°7:, Arcee 22"'-¢ Montreal, P.0.

For 8 Subscriptions

To Rod and Gun in Canada

You can secure FREE a splendid
Conklin Fountain Pen.
Get to work at once. Your
friends will enjoy reading the

i : Send for our special free price list
magazine during 1916 and YOU before making shipment ‘o any one.
will enj . f When shipping to us you save the

enjoy using the pen. Sample middleman’s profit. We always
copies sent on request. guarantee entire satisfaction and

quick returns, pay express charges
and when so requested hold ship-
ments separate for your approval
of returns.

CALTON

PREMIUM DEPARTMENT

W. J. Taylor, Ltd., Publisher Hy
WOODSTOCK, ONTARIO FRED WHITE, Fur Trader

BELOIT, KANSAS

Write at once for Free Price List.

4

<4

remain.

at’ tye is

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA _

684

“Agge deal of in-breeding, and family likeness
y this means will be more strongly im-
pressed. Unfortunately, however, if good
points are thus intensified, the converse holds
true also, and any congenital weakness be-
comes more accentuated by the union. So
it happens that if in-breeding is persevered
in to an unwise extent we get an inevitable
debilitation of the constitution and a pre-
disposition to disease. At the same time
we may find a deterioration in size and vigour,
and when these symptoms are noticed we
must take warning in time and resort to
entirely new blood. Some varieties, owing
to the number of individual specimens in this
country being few, have been in-bred to such

Hound. Probably it is scarcely nec

Ne otterhound, a Foxhound, and a

to make so many experiments as this, and a —
shorter road to the desired result would be
brought about if breeders took united action.
Promiscuous in-breeding is strongly to be
condemned, for it should only be undertaken
with a clearly-defined object, and on a care-
fully thought out plan, otherwise the evils
are likely to far outweigh the good. \
Breeding is a most fascinating pursuit,
but it needs to be carried on with judgment
and good sense. At the outset it is far wiser
to content oneself with a moderate number
of brood bitches, always bearing in mind that
neglect and overcrowding are fatal to young

LABRADOR RETRIEVER

an*extent that nothing will serve save a rank
out-cross with an entirely different breed.
Bloodhounds, for instance, show a distressing
predisposition to distemper in its acutest
torm, and 1rom time to time alien blood has

-been introduced with entirely beneticial re-

sults. The first two or three generations
are shocking mongrels as a rule, but a little
mathematical calculation will show that by
the time the sixth or seventh generation is
reached, but little of the strange blood can
Practice has proved that this theory
works out with a good deal of accuracy.
The most historic cross would be, I suppose,
the union of a Greyhound and Bulldog,brought
about by Lord Orford of England, who was
so famous in the coursing world of his day.
The Greyhound having deteriorated in spirit,
Lord Orford considered that the best means
of infusing courage into the breed was to
call in the services of a Bulldog, and he did
so with most admirable results, although the
two animals are just about as unlike in struc-
ture as any we could find.

Of more recent years, the late Sir Everett
Millais crossed a Bloodhound with a Basset,
continuing to breed afterwards with pure
Bassets. By the seventh generation abso-
lutely no trace of the Bloodhound could be
seen, except in improved size and stamina.
The Bloodhound, too, has been crossed with

stock; it is better to rear well two or three
litters each year than to have a half a dozen
composed of sickly, weedy whelps which are
only fit to put in a bucket. One’s reward
may come in a few years, when a strain has
been established that is stamped with more
or less individuality and is calculated to bene-
fit the particular breed we favgur. Unless
you have plenty of capital a sufficient
knowledge to judge wisely, it is not altogether
advisable to buy a stud dog at the outset,
as you might only be spending your money
on a costly mistake. Possibly as you gain
an accretion of experience you may find a
young dog that fills your eye structurally,
and whose pedigree is well suited to your
needs. He may possibly turn out a very
profitable speculation, for if his points are
good, and his family tree will bear investiga-
tion, you may fairly assume that he will be
used at areasonable fee. Stud fees vary from
ten dollars to fifty dollars. As a general rule
it is not profitable to breed from animals
that are at all advanced in years, although
on occasion it may be necessary for the pre-
servation of a particular strain to use a dog
eight or nine years of age.

One may usually breed with confidenee ne
from a bitch that has reached her sixteenth
month, but after the sixth year her progeny

will be fewer in number and smaller in size. —

0D AND GUN IN CANADA

[THE SPORTSMANS SHOP

For many years we have made a specialty of caterit
Guns to the needs of Canadian sportsmen and have mad
eee a close study of their needs. ;
Ammunition Your Hunting Trip

will not be a success if you have not the proper equip-

ment for your purpose.a Make use of our expert know- §

Tents ledge and experience, we are entirely at your service.
Call or Write Us ft.

Tackle There is nothing you need practically that we can not

supply you with. Our prices are right.

4 THE D. PIKE ° re

Phone Main 1046. - = - 123 King St. East, Toronto

e

“At The F ront”

Always in the LEAD

_ DUNNE TUBE SKATES

For Hockey, Speeding, and Pleasure Skating give Satisfaction
to Everybody. Ask Your Dealer.

Ww. H. Dunne - 1492 Diecn St. West, Toronto, Ont.

ey we. hee

686

Another point to beak in mind is that winter
uppies are rarely satisfactory unless they
appen to be of the small toy varieties that

suffer little from confinement. Considerable
warmth is needed, and if the weather is bad
when the youngsters should begin to run
about in the fresh air, they are not likely to
grow and develop into dogs of any size and
substance. Puppies born in the winter treble
one’s trouble, and have a knack of picking up
chills and dying prematurely. February and
March are by no means bad months if the
nursery is warm, and there is a reasonable
chance of the weather ape: up when the
whelps are ready to get out of doors, and they
should grow and thrive well in the spring
sunshine.

The expectant mother calls for mueh care.
Throughout she should have her freedom,
and in the early weeks plenty of exercise.
Feed only on good nourishing food, which
should contain a large proportion of meat,
but on no account let her get fat. If there
are indications of the litter being large, a
foster-mother should be on the _ premises
two or three days beforehand. If you can
arrange for one from your immediate neigh-
bourhood whose character is well known to
you, so much the better. It is customary
only to hire them for the occasion. At the
time of whelping, if the mother is one of the

large varieties, the pups should be removed

from her as they are born, and placed before
a fire in a basket or box lined with flannel;
otherwise they may be lain upon and killed.
Do not fuss about too much and disturb the
bitch more than can possibly be avoided.
In cases of difficult parturition, the services
of a skilled veterinary surgeon should be
requisitioned promptly, or you may lose the
mother. Care must be observed in trans-
ferring the little ones to a foster. As a gen-
eral principle, not more than five should be
left with the mother, but at a pinch she may
suckle six, or even seven. In deciding whic
shall remain with the mother and which be
iven to the stranger, it is a good plan to sort
em into sizes. putting the smallest on to
one and keeping the biggest for the other.
As the foster-mother may not take kindly
to the new arrivals, she should be removed
from her bench and the puppies thoroughly
mixed up with one or two of her own. Take
her back again, and see that she allows all
to suckle freely before you leave her. She
will need careful watching for some hours
and you must also kecp an eye on the real
mother to see that she is performing her
duties properly. The weaklier whelps may
be forced aside, thus failing to obtain their
due share of nourishment. The observant
man will notice this and put them on the
dam from time to time. It is easy to tell if
the puppies are doing properly; they will
rest content, sleeping comfortably when they
are not feeding. If they are constantly
emitting a pitiful cry and teel clammy to the
touch; you may suspect that all is not well
with the milk, which is probably too acid.

Se

If undue acidity is present it will cause colie, :

=~

which will soon end fatally unless remedi
measures are promptly taken. Should
milk turn blue litmus-paper red, the puppies
must,at once be taken away for at least
twelve hours, and the breasts emptied three
or four times during this period. At the
same time, every three hours, half a teaspoon-
ful ot bicarbonate of soda dissolved in about
half a teacupful of water should be given
to the mother, provided she is not one of the
toy varieties, in which case the quantity
should be reduced by one half. The same
mixture should be continued thrice’ dai'y
for a week. Meanwhile the puppies them-
selves will require attention. Mix sixteen
drops of laudanum with four teaspoonfuls
of lime-water and give to each one teaspoon-
ful. Repeat this in half an hour and con-
tinue hourly until the little ones cease crying.
After about four hours give them a little
cow’s milk and lime-water, half and half,
slightly warmed. They may be returned to
the dam in twelve hours if the blue litmus-
paper test gives no evidence of continued
acidity.

Occasion may arise in which no toster-
mother is available, and artificial feeding
has to be resorted to. This is not to be
undertaken lightly, owing to the great trouble
involved. A big cat is capable of rearing a
puppy for a week or two, and of course an
ordinary feeding-bottle may be employed.
In this case the rubber teat should be per-
forated with a needle in a number of places,
and a small piece of sponge placed inside it.
The cow’s milk used does not require dilution,
as it is not so strong as that of the mother,
but of course it must be slightly warmed.
An ingenious kennelman once made an
artificial foster which proved in every way
satisfactory, and was the means of rearing
two sturdy Bloodhound puppies with a
minimum of trouble. A box lined with
flannel was placed in front of the fire, and,
inserted through two holes in one side, were
the necks of feeding-bottles slightly tilted
at the end so that the milk would run down.
These were placed on a hot-water bottle
and covered with flannel. It was amusing
to see how each puppy kept to his particular
bottle and refused to suckle from the other.
A word is necessary as to the feeding of the
nursing mother. Plenty of fresh water should
be available at the time of whelping, and if
labour is prolonged she may be given nourish-
ment from time to time in the shape of milk,
or milk thickened with bread. For the first
two or three days she should have three or
four meals of a sloppy nature, consisting
either of bread or rice and milk, or broth
from which the fat has been carefully re-
moved. After this the meals may be of a
more solid nature, such as cooked meat, in
its own liquid thickened with bread or biscuit.
After the third day the mother should be
removed from the puppies several times daily
and given very gentle exercise in spite of her
manifest anxiety to return to the kennel.

, wean ee

the.

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at

an HIS Club looks forward to a very suc-
te i cessful meeting this fall. In addition
to the Bird Dog events they are hold-
ing beagle trials (see add in Want Ad. col-
umns). In addition to the purses there will
be a silver cup given to the winner of each
stake.
This Club has 10,000 acres which have
been protected three years and there is an
abundance of quails and rabbits, to work
the dogs on. Jj
Much has been done, by this association
toward the protection of the National Game

Editor, Kennel Dept.:

Being a reader of your magazine I would
like to have the following questions answered
in the columns of the Kennel Department
of your magazine. 4

At what age would a bitch be most fit for

spaying?

PT alt the organ is enough or is it necessary
to remove all the organ in order to spay
- prope: ly?

Thanking you in advance. :
New Brunswick. Jz CG.
We would advise our New Brunswick
subscriber that the operation he speaks of
should be performed by a veterinary surgeon.

. Editor, Kennel Dept.:

Being a constant reader of your valuable
magazine, and having seen an article on
_ dogs, I feel that you may be able to help
~ me out of my difficulty.

I have a valuable English Setter 214 years
old, who has a skin disease which has baffled

me.

The symptoms are as follows:—

About a year ago she had what I considered
a form of mange, in that little sores would
break out exuding a disagreeable odor and

An interesting light is thrown on the
longevity of the trees that grow along the
ae tisiber line of the Rocky mountains by Mr.
<A Enos A. Mills in his ‘Rocky Mountain Won-
_ derland.” He says:

‘I A few timber
a: years, but half this time is a ripe old age
7h for most of the timber line veterans. The
cs age of these trees cannot be judged by their
size or by their general appearance. There
may be centuries of difference in the ages of
* two arm in arm trees ot similar size. I ex-
ae amined two trees that were growing within
‘ a few yards of each other in the shelter of a

ine trees live a thousand

oo ae!

CANADIAN NATIONAL FIELD TRIAL NOTE
eat ec ts Saas

oy pte,

afield and they appreciate the assistance
of the Fish and Game Department of the
province, and can see the results of closed
seasons, and hope that the season on quail
etc. will be continued for the period of twe
more years at the least.

All lovers of the Bird Dog and Beagle, and
of Field Trials should get in touch with the
secretary, W. P. Smith of Sandwich, Ont.
(P.O. Box 215), and learn particulars of
the organization, and the good it is endeaver-
ing to do.

“a

QUERIES ANSWERED BY THE KENNEL
EDITOR

}

intense itching, causing her to lose all her
air.

I have used 4 bottles of Glover’s mange
remedy but with no results. Her hair grew
in again, but the itching never subsea?

This year is a repetition of last. Z

I would appreciate very much if you or
any of your readers could suggest a eure. 4
Resneea yours, :

Detroit, Mich. . F. Holmes. , *

We are pleased to receive an appreciation
of our gun dog,article in September Number
from a Port Hope subscriber. He has been
breeding for a number of years a cross be-
tween the Irish Setter and Cocker Spaniel
which he finds very useful. We will give
a cut of his dog in a future issue, andan ae-
count of his capacity as an all-round gun dog.

The editor of the Kennel Department hopes
to see some good hunting experiences with
dogs sent in to Rod and Gun this fall. These ~«
will be published as thé opportunity presents
itself in the pages of the magazine. Corres-
pondence is invited from dog men throughout
Canada. Only by co-operation can we make
our department the success it deserves to be.
i

crag. One was tourteen feet high and six-
teen inches in diameter and had 337 annual
rings. The other was seven feet high
five inches in diameter and had lived :
years. yi gg
One day by the sunny and sheltered side
of a boulder I found a tiny seed bearer at.
an altitude of 11,800 feet. How splendi
unconscious it was of its size and its utter
wild surroundings! This brave pine bore
a dainty cone, yet a drinking glass woul ;
have completely housed both the tree
its fruit. 6 hah

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TORONTO
NADA;

=a Ml

a
Wes

Be -

he

oR

Ce

as an ;

‘Aaa have been a,correspondent to Rod and
yer I Gun for several months and take great

pleasure in reading the interesting letters
from one month to another written by some
of the boys in regard to instances of their
-_—— experience ‘“‘along the trap line” or with
the gun.
Barc I have often heard of the “Rod and Gun”
but until about July 1915’ never saw or knew
-___ the contents of it, when one day I happened
-__ to run across one of about “‘as we often say”
~ a hundred years old, but anyhow this one
A. ‘was superceded many times by later issues
before it came into my possession. At once
- _[ noticed that it was just what I had been
—_ jooking for “A Sportsman’s Magazine,” Rod
and Gun, which I had often heard of but
or) never seen and it was but a few minutes
as 4

didn’t get many spare minutes until it had

to have at the least a year’s subscription.
As one month’s issue follows another the
contents are to me growing in value and
- becoming more interesting. I notice where
‘the boys, as I suppose, young and old, are
giving +their experiences in trapping and
~ hunting which I must own is very popular
in the sportsman’s life. Many different good
- ways of capturing and outwitting the cunning
_ fox and other fur bearers are given therein,
and to me the fox is the most interesting and
I will endeavour to give a very small incident
_ in my own experience. About the first week
- of December 1915 with my “prize winning”
_ 22 Winchester repeater in the early morn-
ing I struck out to have an hour’s sport
among the cottontails and probably a fox
or two, if I had rolled out from the lucky
_ side of my bed that morning. About a half
mile from the railway was a small lake, (I
would call it a mud hole) about six or eight
_ inches deep for quite a distance out and sur-
-__ rounded by cat tails and rushes such as grow
in a low marshy place and owing to a slight
frost the previous night a skim of ice iy
___ glittering in the bright December sun, whic
_--_—s was just strong enough to break if I stepped
on it. Upon my quiet approach. to the
ARS second-growth tamarack cluster on the shore
the first thing to my notice was the image
of our sharp-eyed reynard sitting on a little
knoll which was a little higher than the
Be water and about the center of a little mud bay.

TTT ToT
TRAPPING REYNARD

: | 71s P: ‘

_ as I had found what I thought would be a

mal, probably a dog but Mr. Fox go

690

‘

First one side and then the other rolled
his plump bushy tail while he was at the
same time looking from one spot to another
nodding his little head, probably amusin
himself watching the insects darting here an
there under the ice and without the slightest _
sense of the probable danger he was in. The
bright sun glistened on his thick, glossy, seven
dollar prime coat as if it were made of silk,
and its rays were almost too strong to point —
a rifle in that direction but a natural born
instinet forced the rifle to my shoulder, and
I took good aim and fired. What was the —
result? I looked. The fox jumped and made
for the shore but the slippery ice which gave
no hold for his feet hindered his retreat to
such an extent that it was far from being
as rapid as it might have been on good foot-
ing, and I fired the second time heading him
in almost the opposite direction. Even the
third shot reached his vicinity but it was a
long shot and the sun was so bright it made
it almost impossible to do good work.

Finally the fox succeeded in reaching the
tall rushes and I could only see him now and
again leap from the reeds to pick out his
route. Upon examining the place I found 4
blood in sufficient quantity to have followed ;
the fox if there had been some snow, but a
that’s where the absence of the earth’s white .
wintry coat took all the “cream” off my good
calculations.

I gave up the chase after a very short time a,
but on my way back home my probabilities
of capturing a few of his kind grew brighter

y¢

good place to set a trap or two. I didn’t
have any fox traps so I decided to put out —
a few No. 1 mink traps which I had, good
husky ones. The next day I retraced my
steps to the proposed trapping grounds, a
little clearance surrounded with brush, mostly
cedar and tamarack. In this clearance were
brush and dead grass, a few old cedar stumps_
and roots and the remains of a few old brush

heaps, some weeds, etc. This was a very
promising spot and I immediately located —
a different spot for about five traps and set _
them just where the fox would likely go and
where his nature would almost compel him
to travel unless he wanted to jump over
stumps or fly here and there. The next ~—
morning one of my traps contained a rabbit a
and another the foot of a rabbit of which
the rest had been eaten by some larger ani-

blame. I walked straight down the pa
which the trap was set until I reached th
i nea

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~ ROD AN

trap where I, with an i careless.

attitude, stopped, flung the rabbit’s foot
on the ground where the trap lay, reset the
trap almost square in the center of the path
and then went on down the path for a way
before I left it, so the fox would have no
suspicion of danger. Of course I had things
pretty well arranged before I left the trap
and hatd not moved my feet from the one
position until I started away to avoid all
signs of danger to the fox. After all this
performance I went home swearing vengeance

~on the fox that took the rabbit and that had

dodged my bullets, as it were, the day before;
and at the same time I was considering him
a thief and a rascal without even allowing
the thought to enter my mind that he was
capable of exhibiting a few good qualities,
which he certainly was. The following morn-
ing back I went to take a squint at my traps,
and what was the result? Mr. Fox was held
fast by the left hind foot! ‘Back for another
rabbit, eh?” I exclaimed, without even giving
nature a fair chance in the question and
still had that same rusty hard feeling. of
revenge towards my victim. The fox made
very little attempt to escape for his sharp
keen brain had told him there was no use
after. struggling for freedom probably the
greater part of the night. I approached
him and stood close by for a while until
I could call my companion who had the rifle.
The fox looked at me but did not make any
further attempt to escape. His demeanour
was anything but combative now and the
looks he gave me from those pitiful little
dark eyes made me feel a little more humane
and tender towards him. He crouched down
when I came near, turning his pitiful eyes
and little rounded head toward me looking

nN
Rae
,

D GUN

es he REEL eee
me in the face and then away, and ba
licking his lips and whining like a he
puppy. This was almost too much for
and the thought of even attempting to des-
troy such wise, affectionate and timid crea-
tures even for their pelts seemed tome tobean
uncivilized idea. ’ ry
The fellow with the rifle had quite a way
to come but got to me in a very short time —
and the fox was killed. One shot was fired
at the animal’s head which drilled it age
but took no more effect than the sting of a
bee, but in a moment the second shot was
fired which told the tale. We took the fox
from the trap, carried him home and skinned
him and he was soon afterwards ready for
the market and brought a very fair price.
The traps were all taken in the following day
and with the exception of one fox-my at-
tempts for the time being were unsuccessful. —
The fox is one of.the most wise and cunnin
among wild animals and unless special skil
and care is exercised in setting the, traps it
is very difficult to catch them, in fact they
are almost untrappable as far as an amateur
is concerned,—but to be a_ successful fox
trapper one must make himself familiar
with the habits of the fox, his chief food,
and his usual places of abode. A fox seldom
wanders more than three or four miles from
his den in wooded country and if pursued ~
by dogs usually stays within his own vicinity
circling around edges of swamps, etc. to
keep clear of the dogs. Farmers’ chicken
roosts often become raided by Reynard and
the fowl, his victims, are carried off. He is
not a sneaking thief, however, as some may |
imagine but a persistent daring plunderer.
Will come over again some time, boys.
This will do as a beginning. ,

—_

Le , —-

TRAP LINE QUERIES AND ANSWERS

Editor, Along the Trap Line:

Will some ot your readers be good enough
to tell me how the rabbit skin robes or blankets
of the Northern Indians are made?

Are the skins tanned before being cut into
strips? Ifso, what kind of a tanning process
is employed? How many skins are needed
for a robe 5’ x 12’. + Will the Jack rabbit

Ne skin do as well as the Northern skins?

I am not a subscriber, but buy your maga-
zine each month at the dealer’s. Thanking
you in anticipation, in return for which
I will send you some of my experiences with
some of our firearms, I am,

Yours truly,

Alamosa, Colo. Geo. C. Shumaker.

An organization known as the Charleston
Lake Association, for the improvement and
protection of the interests of Charleston Lake,

nt., was recently formed, a list of the officers
of the Association being as follows:

President, Dr. H. A. Clark; Vice-President,
W. H. Beecher; Treasurer, A. W. Wattenburg;

Editor, ROD AND GUN :—

Will you kindly advise me if one can trap
fur bearing animals that are not protected
without a license. For instance may one
hunt coons, foxes or skunk without paying
the usual five dollar license fee charged
Ontario trappers.

Yours Gun
Woodstock, Ont.

Note.—All residents of the Province, except —
farmers and farmers’ sons trapping upon
their own lands, require a license to trap or
hunt for any kind of fur bearing animals
whether protected or not. Coons, foxes,
skunk, marten, fisher, etc. are not protected,
but a license is required to trap them.

Pisias.,
a Poe J

j
a4

é

coe. hig i
eS te

Secretary, S. C. A. Lamb; Board of Governors, rd
W..G. Parish, C. J. Banta, Miss C. McMillan. —
Charleston Lake is a beautiful expanse of
water, nineteen miles from Brockville and

five miles from the village of Athens. Salm
ewhite fish, bass and other varieties o ;
are to be found in its waters.

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Some Suggestions for Trapshooters.

The following letter from Mr. E. F. W. Salisbury
ef Toronto to trap shooting readers of Rod and Gun
is published herewith and correspondence invited on
the matters referred to:—_

The part of your magazine that interests me is the
“Trap Section,’ and as there is no better way of get-
ting into touch with the Ontario Clubs than through
your columns, I would like to make known my thoughts
on the Trap Shooting situation with a view to rate
an improvement which will bring the shooters together
and induce them to take more interest in the sport

The season is about to commence and I would like
to see the Clubs who intend holding one aay tourna-
ments get together so that no Club will hold their
tournament on the same day as another Club within
a fair radius of the shooters who generally support

e Club.

The Tillsonburg Club held a tournament the same
day as one of the Toronto Clubs last year. The
Tillsonburg boys are amongst the very best sports in
Canada and support a good many of the shoots in
Ontario and I think it only the right thing to do to
support their shoot. Now as the Toronto shoot was
on the same day it not only prevented the Toronto
boys from going to Tillsonburg, but kept the Tillson-
aore boys, who might have come to Toronto. This
would make probably a difference in attendance of
twenty shooters or more, therefore, why cannot we
all pt together and have tournaments so that each
Club will be supported by the others.

I wish the various Clubs in Ontario would take this
subject up and discuss it, either through your columns,
if you will permit, or by correspondence with some
central body. Here we need the Ontario Trap
Shooters’ Association, the same as Alberta have
an association of their own.

Another thing we might get amongst the Clubs
would be some sort of trophy for an all-round team
such as shooting from 16 and 20 yard marks also
doubles. Take five men and let them shoot so many
targets at each of these and the best team wins the
trophy. This would enthuse the inter-club shoots.

There are so many suggestions which can be made

‘but 1 will defer them until I hear from your Trap

Shooter Readers as to how they would bereceived. Sure-
pe pome one can suggest something for these inter-
b shoots. Now is the time to get together.
With best wishes to the Clubs.

( Canadian National Exhibition.

) The Canadian National Exhibition Trap Shooting
Tournament opened on Aug. 29th under clear con-
ditions at 2.30 p.m. The big Trap-shooting Tourna-
ment was a new, and proved to be a popular, event
of the Annual Exhibition at Toronto. ver 70 shoot-
ers from all parts of the United States and Canada
entered for Series 1, the Canadian Nacional Exnibition
Overture, shot at 100 clays, in five 20-bird events.
The opening shot was fired by George Tuckeu, of
Yonkers, N.Y., a Canadian py ovirth and a special
shot, as nis score shows. Five different events were
started at the one time, so the spectators were treated
to an exhibition from twenty-five expert shots shoot-
ing at the one same over the five sets of traps.

The conditions for shooting were not what one
would call casy, as shooting over water always tends
to cause misjudgment of the flight of the bird, and
this, with the slight wind blowing in on the traps
caused the birds to rise rapidly and the shooter ha
to ne careful not to undersnoot his birds. However,
all the shooters pronounced the grounds and condi-
tions good, and the scores show that the average shoot-
ing all round was ot a high order.

Fred Plum, of Atlantic City, N.J., captured the
Overture trophy, a sterling silver teapot donated by
the King Edward Hotel, Toronto, making the splen-
aid score of 97 out of the 100. He was followed closely
by two cracks, viz., J. W. Hart, of Dresden, Ont.,and
A. C. Skutt, of Morton, N.Y., who tied with 96 each
out of the 100. These two shot off for the second
prize, a handsome silver tankard, A. C: Skutt win-
ning with the straight score of 20 against J. W. Hart’s

694

Among the amateurs who shot mention must be
made of the splendid scores of W. H. Goodcrham,
E. F. W. Salisbury, P. Wakefield, all of the Stanley
Gun Club, Toronto; of W. Barnes, of the Hamilton
Gun Club, and B. W. Glover, of the London Gua
Club, all with scores of 95 out of 100 each. Geor
Tuckett, of Yonkers; F. S. Wright, of Buffalo; J._
Jennings, of Todmorden, all finished with 94.

The professionals to enter were: Walter Sutton,
representing Nobels, Ltd.; E. G. White, Canada’s
representative for the Dupont Powder Company;
G. M. Dunk, Ontario representative for the Dominion
Cartridge Company; John S. Boa, eastern representa-
tive for the Dominion Cartes Com ane G. M.

es Powder Co

ssionals, with scores of 97 out of 100, followed chee

ham, 92; W. H. Joselin, 92; T. W. Wigle, 92: S. G,
, 92; G. Ward, 92; W. Dillon, 92; W. Thorala,

91; George Beattie, 91; Edgar Sturt, 91; a E,
Smith, 90; Archie Bishop, 90; H. Lennox, 90; E. L.
Harris, 90; H. E. Furnas, 89; C. Sere i aot 89;
J. summerhayes, 89; P. H. Willer, 89; M. E. letcher,
89; G. G. Jordan, 89; C. N. Candee, 8&8; McCuray,
88: J. Ebberts, 88: S.D. Wasson, 87; W. J. Bedwell, 87:
Mark Sprague, 86; L. Hezzelwood, 86; E. C. Cromp-
ton, 86: J. A. Tucker, 86; J. Serson. 86; S. Coon, 85;
W. T: Ely, 84; H. E. Scholfield, 83; D. Smith, 82; G.
L. Vivian, 82; M. Goodale, 82; T. D. McGaw, 81;
W. F. Stots, 81; A. F. Healy, 79: P. Jermyn. 79: Ge
Harrison, 79; R. Rolpa, 79; J. W. Tucker, 77; R. Day,
G. Choate, 76; E. F. Turley, 74; J. D. Clay,

-roiessionals-—John S. Boa, 97; E. G, Waite, 97;
Walter Sutton, 96; J. Fanning, 93; G. M. Wheeler,
88, G. M. Dunk, 85.

The amateur long run was made by E, F. W. Salis-
bury breaking 67 straight, followed oy H. Lennox of
Hamilton with 59 straight. The professional long
run was made by E, G. White, of the Dupont Powder
Company, with 71 straight, followed by F. Fannin
of the same company wi.h 62 straight, with John S,
Boa third with a straigat run of 59.

Mrs. Roa shot through the programme and her
score was most creoitable, consiaering she travelled
all night from Mentrcal. by ;

Under clear and ideal conditions, on Aug. 30th, L
Hezzelwood, a Canadian, demonstrated at the traps:
his ability to class with the top-notchers. Fis segre.
of 99 out of the 100 ranked him as an amateur of tne.
first oruer. Mr Hezzclwood missed his third gird,
ard ran tne other 97 without a miss. Mr. Hezzelyooa;
was born in Osnawa, and several of his brotners. were.
on hand to see him. They no doubt disputed, nis.
ability.

H. Smith, of Chatham, Ont., was_the rugner-up
with the good score of 98 out o1 100. He is a splendid;
game shot. He comes from a country where the duck °
and the quail are to be found. AG 3

F. W. McNeir, Archie Bishop, A. C. Skutt.and J.
E. Jennings, all finished with 97 ont of the 100., :

The following are the scores:—I.. Hezze]lwood, 99;
H. Smita, 98; F. W. MecNeir, 97; Archie Bishop, 97;:
A. C. Skutt, 97; J. FE. Jennings, 97; H. Ii. Smith, 96;~
F. S. Wright, 96; T. G. Vance, 96; G. L. Vivian, 96;
B. W. Glover, 96; W. Barnes, 96; Fred.Plum, 95; T.~
Hopkins, 94; T. Wasson, 94; A. F. Healy, 94; E. E.~
Crompton, 94: Edgar Sturt, 91; N. Goodale, 94; R.-
Day, 93; J. E. Fbberts, 93; W. O. Twigg, 93; T. W.-
Wigle, 93; C. Summerhayes, 93; J. W. Hart. 93; J.
D. Clay, 93; E. F. W. salisbury, 93; Geo. Tuckett,
92; W. H. Gooderham, 92; J. E. MeCurdy, 92; P.”
Wakefield, 92; H. E. ocholfield, 92,. W. E. Fletcher,

92: E. Harris, 91; H. Lennox. 91: W. A. Fenton, 91;>

W. A. Smith, 91; J. Summerhayes, 91; P,.H. Willey, —
90; A: L. Chamberlain, 89; D. Smith, 89; W. Thorold,”

I

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Rod &Gun’s Artist Can Reproduce Your Trip Trueto Life

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Automobile Troubles and How to Remedy Them

By CHARLES P. ROOT

CONTENTS—Back firing, Blow-back of gas into carburetor, Popping noises, Buzz in
coil (other than contact breaker buzz), clatter and grind in gear box, Compression, faulty,
Compressien, none, Explosions, Irregu ar or uncertain running, Metallic or puffing noises,
Misfires, Resistance slight when operating starting handle, Start, failure to, Steering er-
ratic, Stoppage of engine, Water escapes, Air lock, Batteries, Bearings, Bent axle, Brakes,
Carburation, Change Speed gear, Clutch, Coil, Connecting rod or crank shaft broken,
Contact breaker ( High tension magneto), Contact maker, Knock in bearings generally or
in Transmission system. Leaks: Loss of power, Gear, Governor, Hunting, Ignition, Lub-
rication, Misfires, Muffler troubles, Noise, Overheating, Pipes burst out or fractured,
Piston troubles, Popping in carburetor, Pressure leaking (in case of pressure feed) Pre-
ignition, Short circuits. Spark plug, Steam bound or air lock, Steering, Supply pipe
choked, Tining, Tires, Valves, Valve springs, Water circulation, Wheels.

Prices: Flexible Leather.......... $1.50 Cloth Binding.......... $1.00

TAYLOR, LIMITED, PUBLISHER,

ND in after years, you and your friends
will take great delight in this permanent
reminder of that pleasant sojourn you

spent in the Canadian wilds—or wherever you
went. Your camera snap-shots have possibly
not done your trip justice. At any rate, they
missed the vivid colorings of the woods, the

Painter of the Out-of-Doors, Designer
and Producer of Rod and Gun’s Covers
He will do this, either from descriptive mat-
snap-shots, or better still, from a combina-
tion of both. You'll be delighted with the

number of subjects offered by the result and number the picture among your
great Outdoors.

WOODSTOCK, ONT.

: W. J. McCance,
; F. A. Dolson, 84; W. Hughes, 84; E. Corby, 83;
Dillon, 81 B Mrs

~ * e, 83; W. : E. Brown, 81; %
Me n ea, 76: E. Rolph, 75; A. Drake, 74; E. F.

Turley, 72. :
Proicssionals—John S. Boa, 100; E. G. White, 99; W.
Sutton, 95; G. M. Wheeler, 94; G. M. Dunk, 91; “if
Fannin
The
Amateurs—
Scott, 92; F. S. Wright, 63; Fred Plum, 62; H.

"ye! it

fargest straight runs were: ANY,

L. Hezzelwood, 97 (unfinished); A. C.
Smith,

of doubles: é

Amateurs—Fred Plum, 82; F. S._ Wright, 79; G.
Beattie, 77; J. E. Jennings, 77; H. E. Smith, 77; W.
Barnes, 76; Burke, 75; A. L. Chamberlain, 74; Archie
Bishop, 74; L. Hezzelwood, 72; A. CG. Scott, 72; B.
W. Glover, 71; W. H. Gooderham, 70; S. G. Vance,
70: N. Gooderham, 68; Har®y Smith, 67; A. F. Healy,
67: O. H. Willey, 64; F. W. McNeir, 63; N. Long, 62;
E. F. W. Salisbury, 62; G. L. Vivian, 61; J. D. Clay,
60; W. F. Stotts, 59; H. Lennon, 58; F. I. Fox, 57;
F. Hobbs, 56; E. Corby, 56; E. F. Turley, 54; T. Was-
son, 54; J. E. McCurdy, 47; E. Rolph, 47; J. Summer-
hayes, 44; E. A. Drake, 24. ;

Professionals—John S. Boa, 78; E. G. White, 75;
J. Fanning, 70; W. Sutton, 68; G, M. Dunk, 48.

Big crowds watched the snooting at the Toronto

_ Exhibition Aug. 31, and were much interested in the

sport, especially the ladies? shoot. W. P. Twigg, of St.
Albans, Vt., was the winner of the fourth series, 100
bird‘ race, all standing at 16 yards.

The conditions for shooting were perfect, and four
ladies shot through the morning’s programme. ©

W. A. Smith, N. Dillon and M. Fletcher tied for
second place, and in the shoot-off N¥ Dillon won the
second pres with a straight score of 20 kills. As the
scores show, the shooting was very good, indeed, some
44 of the contestants !inished with 90 or better.

The following are the scores:—

3 Amateurs. :

W. P. Twigg, 99; Fred Oliver, 98; W. A. Smith, N.
Dillon, M. Fletcher, F. S. Wright, A. C. Shutt and
J. E. Jennings, 97; H. E. Smith, T. D. Wasson, A. F.
Healy, D. Wigle, W. P. Fenton, T. G. Vance, W.
Barnes, and Edgar Sturt, 96; W. H. Gooderham, E.
F. W. Salisbury, W. Hart, A. Bishop, J. E. Ebberts,

_L. Hezzelwood and J. Summerhayes, 95; Mrs. L. E

Boyd, R. Day and G. L. Vivian, 94; H. Smith, J.
Hunter, H. Harrison and E. Harris, 93; G. Tuckett,
H. E. Furniss, W. T. Eby and McCausland, 92; D.
Smith, W. F. Stotts, A. D. Bates and A. E. Milling-
ton, 91; N. Thorold, J. E. McCurdy, M. Wigle, N.
Goodalt and C. Summerhayes, 90; Mrs. H. Harrison,
F. A. Dolson and P. Wakefield, 89; N. Gooderham,
J. D. Clay and W. C. Vail, 88; Mrs. John Boa, Ted
Page, O. H. Willer and E. E. Crompton, 87; A. L.
Chamberland and W. Hughes, 86; H. E. Scholfield,
85; J. McCance, 83; E. Corby, 82; S. Coon and Miss
Francis, 80; Rolph, 78. i
Series 4— Professionals.

John S. Boa, 99; J. Fanning, 97; W. Sutton and
G. M. Wheeler, 95; E. G. White, 93; G. M. Dunk, 89.
; ong Runs—Amateurs. 7

A. Bishop, 105; F. S. Wright, 82; W. Barnes, 79;
F. W. MeNeir, 76; J. E. Jennings and W. R. Fenton,
69: W. H. Gooderham, 60: M. Fletcher, 58; H. Smith
and J. E. Ebberts, 57; Mrs. Vogel, 56; Fred Plum,
55: Edgar Sturt, 53: W. A. Smith and H. Harrion, 52.

Long runs, professional—John S. Boa, 89;_ EG
White, 66. :

Tne York Springs Trophy was shot for, ane was won
by W. Barnes, of Hamilton, a famous all-rouna athlete
and shot. Mr. Barnes shot from the 22-yard mark

_ and his score was therefore most creditable, as he was

a winner over all the amateurs and _ professionals.
There were seven men tied for second place—J. E.
Ebberts, G. L. Vivian, J. Payne, J. D. Cay, W. H.
Gooderham, T. M. Wigle, all with 94 each. ;

J. Payne, of Tillsonburg, won in the shoot-off.
The following are the scores: W. Barnes, 96; J. E.
Ebberts, G. L. Vivian, J. Payne, J. D. Clay, W. H.

Ww

which they had been treated by the gun club. ose yy
shooting and their scores were as follows: as
Names. Shot At. Broke.

Cashmore the 5252 eee 100 9.

MEO Ta Pe Sos ecu salts Pages ara dy ema 100

SIP Seri She bho ner 100 96

Sfurtrgo. santas: 100 95

Bishop....... 100 95 FS

_ McRobb 100 95

94 oie
94
93
92 ‘bid
92 Diy)
92 {Ny

.R. 254
bom H ~ W. i

. J. Mars , an, 91; M. Fl
W. MeNar ‘ bt 90; W. Hughes, W.
Stoffs, H. Harrison oT. Eby. A. Bishop, H. Sm
A. C. Skutt, Fred Plum, 89; H. E. Furnas, Good
J. Hunter, W. Hart, 88; Wm. Harrison, Dillon, Mrs. —
Vogal, McCausland, 87; E. E. Crompton, A. D. Bates,
H. E. Smith, 86; Thorald, J. Summerhayes, A, E. ~
Millington, Twigg, Chamberlain, F. I. Fox, 85; C. —
Summerhayes, 84; McCane, Hezzelwood, P. Wak
field, J. E. Jennings, 83; Dolson McCurdy, 82; E. FB.
W. Salisbury, 81; E. Rolph, Weller, 80; E. Brown, 7 2
W. T. Eby, 78; Scholfield, 77; E. Bellyon, 76; $. Gom,
74; A. Gooderham, 69; F. B. Russell, 66. ;

The handicap all through was a splendid perform-
ance, considering the distance, 16—23. Many of
these snooters stood back of the 20-yard mark.

E. Ebberts, of Buffalo, N.Y., won the third prize in
the handicap. .

Lay r)
ale, ‘

|

Jordan Fruit Show.

The Jordan Gun club held its ninth annual fruit
shoot on Saturday, September 23, and the largest
crowd of shooters and spectators that has ever attend-
ed this annual feature was present. Shooters were in
attendance from Toronto, uffalo, Hamilton, Brant-
ford, Niagara, Welland, St. Catharines and many other
points in the Niagara districts.

Some excellent scores were made by the different ;
contestants. and the competition tor the four high ‘oe
average prizes was very keen. First high avera Fs
was won by George Cashmore, the popular repre-
sentative of the U.M.C. company, who broke 98 out iy
of 100. Second high average went to Nelson Long ;
of Hamilton: third high average to Major Singer of et
McNab, and for fourth high average Edgar Sturt Wits dla’
of Hamilton, A. W. Bishop of Niagara and McRob eee
of Brantford were tiea. 1 the visiting shooters
went home loaded down with the finest peaches, grapes,
etc., that have made the Jordan fruit district famous,
and all were more than pleased with the manner in ne

92
89
89
89
88
87
87
85
83
79
76
76
&
Gre EXUMIEGD yi cass evecgencssicupenetbinasense neers tate 100
Mroltenden: skew gts, oust oes et ad 100 68
Huthertorden cy eee Glens ae es 100 68
VSPEIGD era oe. te eee einige cooks 100 67
Walang tee etn, tere ete s ten eRe) 80 2
IROUSD CR Be Retry can guarnass conenckc ce meen he dager 65
TAS NYGSINGR Sy oon hoe cee escuaas Aube tenate 65 55
Jekiesciaterar epee loco aeons tao barred rey & 60 54
P. Wismer .. 50 44
White............ 40 3
Slingerland...... 40 3
M. Slingerland. 20.
H. Slingerland. 20 I.
Notman........... 20 1
ulp... 20 5
INU GSE acd acaeas cas tassens iene atnce theater Geet anes 20 mp i
COUNT VCR RA cece Bdosg nS nan Perec Beene ter 20 16
PTC eee ee te et ee ese oad a 20 7
FF Oh. Core gap ne ce EN ie ge CT RATE 20 16
Eiixonkle:. 28) te ee ees eee eee 20 B.

_Banff Gun Club. LAS:
Some interesting shoots in connection with ©
Banff Gun Club took place at their grounds, adj

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

FOXES

TRAPPERS ficsrst"Racon, Beaver Mak

Lynx, Fisher, Wolves, Bear and diac Bae Bearers collected in your section,

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dealing exclusively in NORTH AMERICAN RAW FURS, a reliable—responsible
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century,” along successful record of sending Fur Shippers prompt, SATISFACTORY
AND PROFITABLE returns. Write for “The Shubert Shipper,” the only reliable, accur-
ate market report and price list published. Write for it—NOW— it’s FREE.

25-27 WEST AUSTIN AVENUE
A. B. SHUBERT, Inc., Department (392, CHICAGO, U. S. A.

NEWFOUNDLAND

A Country of Fish and Game. A Paradise for the Camper and Angler. Ideal Canoe Trip

The country traversed by the Reid Newfoundland Company’s system is exceedingly rich in all kinds of fish
and game. All along the route of the Railway are streams famous for their SALMON and TROUT fishing.
Also Caribou barrens. Americans who have been fishing and hunting in Newfoundland say there is no other
country in the world in which so pee fishing and hunting can be secured and with such ease as in Newfound-
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J.W.N. JOHNSTONE, General Passenger Agent, Reid Newfoundland Company, 8ST. JOHN’S, NEWFOUNDLAND

BRAT. ASTER Ae mi

“The Culture of Black

and Silver Foxes”’
BY. RB. and. Ff. -V; CROFT, B.A., M.D.

Raising is rapidly becoming popular

and its money making possibilities are
becoming recognized. Canada’s leading
sportsman’s magazine, “Rop AND GuUN,”’ is
being besieged by requests for information,
the result of the interest created by the splen-
did articles that have appeared in recent
issues. To meet this demand, the ublish-
ers are issuing the articles in booklet form*
in which enthusiasts are given valuable and
hitherto unknown information about foxes,
under the following heads:

Introduction ; Heredity; Origin; Breed-
ing; Mating and Gestation; Pens and
Dens; Food and Feeding; Food and
Care; Value.

q The new and growing industry of Fox

The volume is profusely illustrated with pie-
tures taken from life, and will doubtless be
eagerly received by everyone interested in the
profitable raising of this valuable animal.

Mailed to any address upon receipt of price,
60c POSTPAID

W. J. TAYLOR, Limited, Publishers
WOODSTOCK, ONT.

Dr. Croft on his Fox Ranch

to the Parks’ recreation ground, during the mon
of September.
Best scores:

50)
y 50 37
N 50 38
f 2
Stone 5
‘ Blackbur ; * 50 27

The ‘‘How”’ of Trapshooting Leagues. _

The Du Pont Company have just issued a very in-
teresting booklet on ‘‘Trapshooting Leagues.’ Jit
tends to be to trapshooting what the baseball guide
is to baseball. It explains the benefits derived by
trapshooters and clubs from trapshooting leagues,
nay 4 the best way to organize them. —

«Some of the items that are covered in the booklet are:
Best Time to Form a_ League,
Cost of Organizing a League,
Organization of Trapshooting Leagues,
Duties of Officers and Committees,
Rules of Successful Leagues,
Follow-up Letter to Clubs,
How to Write Other Clubs,
Location of Clubs,
King of Shoots to Hold,
Lewis Class System. 2 }

It also describes in detail the inside workings of many
ef the country’s best trapshooting leagues.

Most people go in for trapshooting on account of
sport or pleasure. Shoe like to shoot and go to the
nearest trapshooting club. Often they take their
friends and they in some cases join the same club.
Such interest is putting trapshooting on the first rank
of sportdom. There is a new club formed every week.

Of late business interests are becoming enthused
about the sport. Several large firms have financed
the forming of trapshooting clubs among their em-

_ ployees. } ‘ ue

In Sedgwick, Colorado, the city authorities have
hired a professional trapshooter to give exhibitions
every Saturday afternoon during 1916. Surely the
sport has flourished in that locality to make civic
authorities take a hand. In most cases officials have
to be begged into submitting to new ideas or the “‘peo-
ple’s’’ wishes.

In Sioux Falls, South Dakota, the hardware stores
have organized a local gun club, which holds its busi-
mess mectings at the aifferent stores in town.

The club shoots every weck, and it conducted an
Interstate Tournament some time ago. The mem-
bers say it benefits the city as well as trade.

With interest so keen no one knows the next kind
ef organization that will “‘fall’’ for trapshooting.

From Sling to Traps.

as a weapon is probably the earliest form of device
known to mankind by which an increase of force and
range was given to the arm of a thrower of missiles.
When the youthful hero Davia slew the giant Goliath
with stones hurled with his sling, he little knew that
the idea exemplified in his action with the weapon
of the stone age woula be generally used by trapshoot-
‘ers three thousand years later, but such is the case.

All of us have, no doubt, when at the water’s edge

icked up, flat, thin stones and “‘skipped’’ them across
tne water. How‘fascinated and interested we were
im trying to excel ourselves by making each succeed-
‘ing throw record more. Big el than the previous one.
¢ e principles governing the throwing of the stones

veh, d producing the “skipping” features are exactly

similar to those which govern the throwing of clay

ren

targets. Attached to every trap manufactured for
the purpose of throwing clay rarects for trapshooting
is a part known as a “‘carrier.’”” The success or failure
of every trap lies in the carrier. Tne carrier is attach-
ed to the throwing arm ot the trap and is held “‘set,’’
_ ready to be released at the shooter’s call of ‘“‘pull.”
When tuis signal is given by the shooter, the trap boy
ulls_a lever, the throwing arm is released, swiftly
escribing an arc, at the end of which the carrier re-
leases the clay target and sends it spinning througn
the air, just as one would a stone. Should the carrier
be improperly adjusted, that is, too loose or too tignt,
or possess any defect, tnen the target will not be prop-
erly thrown, or will be broken on leaving the carrier.
In other words the carrier of a clay target trap is as
the main spring of a watch, and if it is out of order
the trap is useless. :

Any expert shooter will say that you can shoot at
clay yarpets which do not have just the right “‘spin,”
or in other words, which do not properly rotate, and
though you may ait it with as many as 6 to 8 pellets o1
shot, yet the chances are against the target being
broken. On the other hand, one pellet 1 often
serve to break a rotating or “‘spinning” target all to
Pieces.

‘nt

History is authority for tne statement that the sling

4 ; bye a long agate it ;

Years ago the ‘gor fan hat very poor
trapshooting facilitics. However, peries
the Da in the wool” devotees of the spor ight
about better conditions and to-day one can thi.
sport in almost any city or town. Should th be
no gun club with 4 permanent trap, a hand tra
answers the same Manda: Anyone can ee ope
ate it. It is ideal for private shoots, picnics, on a
of motor boats or yachts, and for hunting parti
{[t can torow targets in any number of angles. Sen

Trapshooting like several other things ‘becomes
better with age. riM

e
e
i
i

by

iF
Twenty-five Canadian* Trapshooting Clubs have
now enrolled in the American Amateur Trapshooters’
Association. j yy
The secretary-treasurer of the Association advises
tnat J _ Wells, Secretary of the Assinboine Gun ~
Club of Winnipeg Manitoba, writes that Canadian —
trapshooters are looking forward to the formation of
a Canadian organization similar to the A.4.T.A,
Nevertheless many members of his club have joined
the A.a.T.A. and are shooting for the medals, “One
of the best things that ever hapvenec”’ js the way Mr.
Wells describes the A.A.J.A. waich has become very
popular on the Canadian side of the border. Le,

Bidding for the 1917 Grand American i,
Milwaukee, Wis., wants the Grana American Trap-
shooting Tournament for 1917. So does Toledo, Ohio.
By the time the Interstate Associacion holds its annual if
meeting to award tournaments, there may be a half —
dozen other cities in the field for the trupshooting
classic. i ‘ i
The Grand American Handicap has always been
successful in the middle West, and as long as it is %
successful in that section the Interstate Association
will hardly move it. There is no good reason why
the tournament would not he successful in tne Kast,
but none of the Eastern organizations ever bid for it.
Chicago and St. Louis are central points within 24 .
hours’ ride of one-half the population of the country
and therefore these cities have the bulge on all others
who apply for the tournaments. Ban:

Interesting Kodak Contest. _ eh
Have You Ever Had a Hand Trap Experience?
There are a great many Hand Traps in use, and .
they have furnished a great deal of tun and no little
instruction to many devotees of outdoor sports. ©
Doubtless the owners of the Hand Trap, or some —_
member of the shooling party, has had some especially
novel or different experience which, if known to othets, — Be 4
would enable other shooters to do likewise or improve
upon the original performance. “NS
To stimulate interest among the owners of the
Hand_ Trap, che Du Pont Company, Wilmington,
Delaware, desire to secure short snappy, instructive,
illustrated stories. Special stress is laid upon the os
matter of action in the scene to be kodaked. ie
The company is going to offer cash prizes for the
best descriptive story of the most novel and practical. faye!
Hand Trap experience, ster 9g) lee by at least three =
group photographs of actions described, said photos to ey
contain more than one person. , .
The prizes are first prize, $15.00; second prize,
$10.09; two prizes of $7.50; five prizes of $5.00 cach;
and fifteen prizes of $2.50 each. : ? 5
_ These are worth trying for ana plenty of time is
given, the contest not closing till December Ist, 1916. ‘
tories should not be over 600 words.

Alves) |.
Ave
.

4

You can tell
Get toyether,

a sachin 47 :
shooter that it

Again, do not try to get ail outdvors on a
ey Frequently, it is more desirable that
i) M a

We et >> hate LIA ce OR We le
ait “a ie Lh ‘SP AC PCR AYN ( i
Hig ve 7 SWS RNa NR ee

Sey The Camper's Own Book

OWN BOOK”

| 1916—FIFTH SUCCESSFUL YEAR—1916

This is that BIG little book of the open—America’s new
outdoor manual, It comes to you bound as you see here. It is
‘“‘woodsy”’ from cover to cover—stirred by lake-breezes and
redolent of pine. It is endorsed by outdoor men everywhere,

Authors of country-wide repute have, with their enthusiasm
and familiar knowledge, aided its making. Dan Beard, Emlyn
M. Gill, Captain Kenealy, Oliver Kemp, Dr. E. H. Forbrush—
these and others join this camp fire council, They say their

say about a hundred little practical details that hold close interest for you; and they
spin a yarn or two by the way,

Price 50 Cents:

“The Camper’s Own Book”’ measures 8x5 % inches over all. It is a goodly gener-
ous volume with over 200 pages and 21 of the finest illustrations you’ve ever seen.
Everybody should have a copy who believes that a day under the free sky makes the
pomp of emperors ridiculous. And you’re one—you know you are.

|
4
|
|
|

PRICE PER VOLUME

In the appropriate green T-cloth - - - - $1.00
Post-paid

W. J. TAYLOR, LIMITED WOODSTOCK, ONT.

|
4
dj

CAMP KITS AND CAMP LIFE

By CHARLES STEDMAN HANKS “NIBLICK.”

i and after many kinds of game and fish The veteran sportsman as well as the neophyte will read the

k with pesare and profit. It takes up camp cooking, outfit, illness in camp, shooting, fishing. trapping
and general woodcraft s ; ; iat k

There are cross-headings for each topic, and in addition there are conspicuous pas pty head-lines giving

the subjects of each page. The index is also full and definite; moreover the chapters classify the information

in exactly the way the sportsmen is apt to need it. The book is the size and shape to slip conveniently into the

pocket.

“‘A valuable manual of every phase of out-door life. Offers athousand and one suggestions.”’
—Beston Transcript.

**A complete encyclopedia of the requisites for camping, practical and helpful, and should
drive all who can get there to the woods.’’—N. Sun.

CONTENTS:
eyes Canter Some Lake Fish that Played with Me
The Man Behind the Gun Some Deer that I Have Met
The Wangan Some Moose that I Know About

Camps and Camp Fires Some Geese and Ducks that Flew Awa

Camp Cooking ; Some Partridges that Taught Me a Thing or Two
What to Do if Lost in the Woods Some of the Pleasures of Trapping

‘Some Trout that taught me something about Angling Some Suggestions About Camping Out

Some Black Bass, Sir, that | Didn’t Get Some Remedies for Sickness or Accidents in Camp.

With 52 Ulustrations in Tint 8vo. $1.62 Prepaid

W. J. TAYLOR, Limited

WOODSTOCK, ONTARIO

Author of ‘‘Hints to Golfers"’
A Pee handbook for the woods, founded on many camping trips with a varied assortment of
an

AeC-.T.

doing.

see what the person or moving part ot the machine is
Waving grass, beautiful lawns, imposing
buildings, and space-fillers are sometimes photographie
necessities. But to instruct, to illustrate, to make
it easy for others to do what you picture, show what
the person is doing or why the machine performs as
the story reads. etter have an amputated picture
which shows how to do something intelligibly than a
panoramic view of a forty acre lot with a trace of indi-
viduals in the dim distance. Novelty is. what_is
sought in picturization of Hana Trap operation. The
closer you can approach the apparently improbable
and make your story convincing by a practical ex-
planation of how you did the “stunt,” the nearer you
will come to the prize money when awarded.

There are many places your Hand Trap can work.
There is the camp, always a scene of trials of every
suggestion broached. Take your trap and your kodak.

A writer in the Daily Telegraph, St. John,
N.B., has the following to say with reference
to fire protection in New Brunswick:—

“The Canadian Forestry Association is a
most useful organization, and the men who
prepare its literature ought to know what

they are talking about. But in a recent
bulletin of the Association, designed to show
that Ontario should be adopting better meas-
ures to prevent forest fires, we find the fol-
lowing:

‘Tt is noteworthy that Wisconsin, Minne-
sota, Maine and New Brunswick, have taken
comprehensive measures to prevent further
disasters by organizing their forest patrol
systems on modern lines building trails,
lookout towers, telephones, etc., as well as
carefully supervising settlers’ clearing fires,
one of the worst sources of danger. Ontario,
which has given the continent its two most
recent fire catastrophes has made no such
move to modernize her forest guarding sys-
tem.” ’

“Wisconsin, Minnesota and Maine may
have taken comprehensive measures of the
sort described, but New Brunswick certainly
has not done so; and to hold up this province
as an example which Ontario should follow
is somewhat ridiculous.

*‘New Brunswick has a forest fire law which
contains some drastic provisions, but the
law has not resulted in preventing fires,
and its weaknesses, together with the lack
of a sufficient number of active and courag-
eous fire wardens, have encouraged rather
than lessened fire waste in this province in
connection with both Crown and _ private
lands. The truth is that this province has
never made a serious attempt to prevent
forest fires. The work would demand con-

siderable money, a great deal of sound organi-

. ' =e \¥ ’ Pak
The environment will suggest some
camera will preserve it. hen the a W
you away to some sightly cliff, mountain top
shore, where amid the scenes your fancy se
ture. Snap it,—may be you're a prize winner

£0)
forget the getting-ready feature,—how you packed
your trap, your shells and targets,—people like to see eh
ow the other fellow “‘got busy,” and also how the ie
can do likewise. Get your thinking cap on and con-
jure up a series of poses and get your friends to get aes
into this concentrated movie of the Hand Trap. Look
out for live, active, practical “repeatable” perform-
ances. arly t

Tne above suggestions are given for what they are
worth, but we think many an amateur kodak fiend
will be a better one if he takes advantage of them
is only for his or her benefit.in this contest, but in
others. : ’

zation, and not a little independence. It
never will be successful so long as it is con-
ducted on political lines.

“If Ontario is looking for an example it
should avoid New Brunswick, and the Can-
adian Forestry Association should make an
examination of the New Brunswick forest
situation. before it sends out any more suc
misleading literature.

“The present government took over the
Crown Lands in 1908, and for the last seven
or eight years it has been talking about a
re-classification and survey as a basis for
a new timber policy. Its progress in con- f
nection with this enterprise is about equal to
its performance in connection with the roads.
In other words, after eight years, the govern-
ment is still announcing that it soon will
have perfected a solid foundation for wonder-
ful achievements in improving the public F
services and safeguarding our rich but much
ae heritage, the forest. After eight
years!

A beaver dam demolished on the farm of
R. Marston in MacNab township, afew miles
from Renfrew, ‘by Game Warden Devine, —
assisted by Mr. Marston, each using an axe
and a crowbar, was rebuilt by the beavers ina
single night. In tearing down the dam the
Game Warden ‘and farmer were occupied for
two hours. On the advice of the Game ~~
Warden the farmer hung a lantern in a tree
by the sight of the dam, but this did net have _
the effect ot causing the beavers to leave. —
Now the owner ot the farm is to propose tothe
Ontario Government through the Game War-
den that the dam be not further disturbe
and that he be paid the sum of $200 for the
trouble and inconvenience of having a portion —

a

of his premises flooded.

APPERS

emember this—we pay HIGHER prices for your FURS
than any other house—and

WE CHARGE NO COMMISSION

Send us a trial shipment today—let us PROVE our claims to
you. Our higher prices, liberal grading and fair dealings
have made us the Fastest Growing Fur House in America.
Send for FUR price list and particulars of our great FREE
GIFT to trappers’. Don’t wait—write TODAY. >

HILL BROS. FUR CO. sr°fouis Mo:
a

DIAMONDS

$1, $2, $3, WEEKLY

Save money on your Dia-
monds by buying from = We
: ’ are Diamond Importers. lerms
A Di me brings Illustrated Trappers 30% down, $1, $2 or $3 Week-
Guide. It tells how. Giving : : ly. We guarantee you every
Pee first ti - rian ft d ts" of advantage in Price and Quality. 10% off for cash.
e t time in prin © treasured secrets 0 Write to-day for Catalogue, it is free

the wisest old trappers in this country, it’s We send Diamonds to any part of Canada for in-
worth dollars to you spection at our expense. Paymenis may be made

weekly or monthly.

TRAPPERS’ SUPPLY CO. | JACOBS BROS., Diamond Importers

15 Toronto Arcade Toronto, Canada
BOx C. - = OAK PARK, ILL. | | Sere ee

An Opportunity to secure FREE a Beautiful Oil Painting

We have the originals of the oil paintings executed by our cover design

® artist, F. V. Williams, during the past year and have decided to give our sub-

scribers the opportunity of securing one of these FREE. Mr. Williams excells

in reproductions of Big Game Hunting, Canoeing, Fishing, Camping, etc. and

his cover designs reproduce with skill and fidelity Canadian outdoor life in its
varied phases.

Your Den’s Attractiveness May Be Greatly Enhanced by One of These

: The paintings are of generous proportions being 19 in. deep by 14 in. in
} width. The reproductions give a hint as to the coloring and quality of the
work but no reproduction can of course compare with the original painting.
The original of any one of the paintings which Mr. Williams has done for us as
Well as the original of the November and subseqtient covers may be procured

y you

For Twenty-Five New Subscriptions ;

Look through your fyles for the past year and choose the design that
appeals to you most. Then write us without delay of your selection and at
the same time ask for sample copies and subscription blanks which will be sent’
you promptly. Interest. your friends in Rod and Gun as a Christmas gift.
You should be able to secure a nice number of subscriptions from sportsmen
who would like to remember their friends by sending them a year’s subscrip-
tion'to ROD AND GUN, Canada’s leading magazine of outdoor life.

Address your application for copies and blanks to

: ~ Premium Dept. Rod and Gun in Canada Woodstock, Ont.

eth

‘long distances, but as the only

A correspondent with the German army on
the Somme front, writes: —

“Not only the front lines, but the whole
terrain in the rear lies under such a vehement
and unbroken fire from artillery and mine
throwers thatitis unsafe, often impossible, to
go forth even at night to bring food and water.

Telephonic communication with the front
eannot be maintained with dependence, so
often are the wires cut and so dangerous is it
to repair them. This has led to a revival of
earrier-pigeon communication and the intro-
duction of birds for carrying messages, not for
ependable
medium of communication from the front to
the rear. Pigeons, and heliographs often
bring the only assurance to the commanders
that the troops are still holding the positions.

Occasionally even these fail. One division
which the correspondent visited had had no
word from a company in the front line for
eight days. It was known that the compan
was holding out only because of the fire whic
the British artillery still directed on their
sector of the front, It is no longer correct to
speak of these lines as trenches. They us-
ually consist only of shell craters, linked by
rough-and-ready communication trenches.

The British artillery, so far as the corres-
“lay has observed and as he has been in-
ormed by German officers, is shooting very
well. The British aviators have been trouble-
some. They not only have helped the artil-
lery immensely in observation, but have even
co-operated with the infantry in storming
attacks, and in several instances they are re-
ported to have swooped down upon the Ger-
man positions from the rear, using machine
guns, and bombs on the defenders from eleva-
tions as low as 400 to 500 feet.

Advantage was, by west coast politicians of
the United States, recently taken of the pass-
ing at Washington of a bill, with which it had
no logical or natural connection, to add toita
aie aimed at forcing Canadian Pacific

shermen to ship at ports of the United States
all their fish marketed in that country. The
amendment was adopted by one House of
Congress, but was subsequently deferred to
enable the whole fisheries situation on the
tlantic as well as the Pacific to be fully and
refully considered. This delay was avowed-
ly due to the fear of reprisals by Canada on

e Atlantic for any unfair treatment of
Canadian fishermen on the Pacific,. It has
been arranged that the matter shall be referred
to an international Commission.

That this delay was an act of wisdom on the
part of Congress is clear from the fact that the
London Convention of 1818, which is the law
on this subject, contains some harsh res-
trictions that have been for many years in-
operative under a modus vivendi between
Canada and the United States. To revive
these restrictions by the abrogation of the
modus vivendi, which must follow any harsh
treatment of Canadians on the Pacific coast,
would inflict on New England fishermen hard-
ships so great that their industry would be
virtually paralyzed.

The London Convention, after specifying
the parts of the coast along which American
fishermen shall be permitted to take and cure

ADA. atte
ra ns nhs iv f tia ne
fish, expressly debars them from the e
ment of this privilege within the thre
limit along any other parts of it, and per
them to enter bays or harbors “for the y
pose of shelter or repairing damages, a | r
chasing wood, and of obtaining water, and for
no other purpose whatever.” The right -
procure bait from Canadian catchers is tothe
New England fishermen an absolute necessity |
and as they are allowed to purchase it now |
they will not lightly forego that privilege to =|
gratify the churlishness of their Oregonian
fellow-citizens by helping them to suppress —
Canadian rivals. ;

at)
, ay

The recent successful conclusion of a treaty
providing for co-operation between Canada
and the United States in protecting migratory
birds constitutes a substantial advance toward —
the effectual conservation of North American ©
wild life. (hoe

At the North American Conservation
Conference, held in Washington, in 1909, and
attended by representatives of Canada, New-
foundland, United States and Mexico, the |
international problems presented bythe proper
protection of natural resources were clearly __
recognized. With regard to migratory wild
life the necessity for co-operative action is
especially obvious. In Caada and thesia
United States the protection of thisinvaluable
resource is vested in the individual provinces {
and states, respectively. Protective laws
were extremely diverse in both character and
efficiency, with the result that the beneficial
effects of adequate protection in one portion
of the continent were largely nullified by the ©
lack of similar measures in other sections.
To secure stricter and more uniform protec-
tion negotiations between Canada and the _
United States were undertaken. The ar-
rangement has now been satisfactorily con-
cluded, the recent ratification by the United
States Senate constituting the final step. 1

The treaty does not affect the administra-
tion of the provinical game laws, but insures
in Canada, as in the United States, the mini-
mum of protection regarded as essential to the
permanent preservation of the wild life re-
sources of North America.

The first moose of the season was called at
the Randolph stream on the south mountain
at eight o’clock this morning, writes a corres-
pondent from Bridgetown, N. S. Guide
Manley Brooks with Albert J. Burns were in
attendance before the curtain was lifted. It
was a splendid morning for calling. The first
roll went out and almost immediately a —
murmured answer was received. A forest Sie
conversation was kept up for thirty minutes,
when just over the bog ridge a fine three year
old head appeared. The forest beauty
loomed up and walked straight towards the
prostrate hunters. When within thirty paces
Burns fired two shots, both took effect. The —
moose turned a bit and walked off at anangle. —
Two more shots hit him. He again turned
towards the rifle with quickened steps and
received two more before he dropped in his
tracks and died in two minutes. The mo
that walked out of cover and as much as s
to the hunter, ‘‘here is your mark, help
self’ dressed over five hundred pounds.

~eyi

No Motor Boatman Should Be Without a Co ry
of This Reference Book, Price $1.25 __

If you own a motor boat or ever expect to, you should not be vy ee a copy of this
book. It costs only $1.25, but its worth cannot be estimated. It is endorse by the
leading boat and engine manufacturers, motor boating publications and boat clubs. The ©
largest firm of marine engine builders in the world, after hie a pied are of re ee ;
Encyclopedia, said: ‘‘We never expected that such a useful, practical book, would ever fj
be published. Instead of $1.25 you ought to charge $5.00. e information it contains ~

is invaluable.
MOTOR CRAFT ENCYCLOPEDIA
The Standard Hand Book on Boats and Engines

/ Written in popular language from a non-technical standpoint. Contains over 150

pages of valuable information. Twenty-seven chapters, covering every phase of se as
oating. Tells a thousand-and-one things every motor boatman should know. Helps

to overcome all motor boat and engine troubles. Handsomely illustrated and boun ‘ie

attractive three-color stiff board cover. A useful reference book for any library.

ISUMMARY[OFICONTENTS,J WA

The’ history of the internal combus- Distress signals. WBZ? 8 ”
tion motor. Harbor regulations. § =
Explanation of two and four-cycle U. S. Life Saving Service Signals.
National Motor Boat Bill,

The evolution of the motor boat.

Various types of motor boats im
common use.

The Built to Order, Stock and Knock motor.
Down Boat. Internal combustion motor auxiliar- What to do in case of accident.

How to select a motor boat. ies and their functions. Rules for’determining horse power.

Points to be observed in buying a How to operate an internal combus- How to lay up boat and engine for
second-hand boat. tion motor. the winter.

How to build a motor boat. Engine trouble How to remove carbon deposits, and

Smoothing off and calking. Propeller wheels. other useful receipts. SER

How to paint a motor boat. Reversible equipment. How to build a motor ice boat. iy

How to install a marine motor. Furnishings and fittings. Dictionary of Motor Craft terms.

Navigation rules.

TROUBLE CHART—Enables you to locate any ordinary engine trouble with dispatch My
“WHERE TO GET WHAT YOU WANT?’ ’SECTION ie

This is a very useful feature for anyone interested in the purchase of a motor boat or equipment. It givesa
classified index of manufacturers and supply houses of everything needed by the motor boatman. ‘Tells where to
get what you want. Describes and illustrates many of the latest and best things on the market.

Address Orders io Book Department W. J. TAYLOR, LTD., PUBLISHER, Woodstock, Ont.

“GARAGES AND HOW TO
BUILD THEM”

The most convenient place is on your own property in a private garage, the
architecture of which is in keeping with your house.

This large 158-page book is the only one of its There is also an extensive chapter on Garage

kind and shows a standard collection of New,
Original and Artistic designs for up-to-date Priv-
ate and Public Garages adapted to Frame,
_ Brick, Stone, Cement, Stucco, or Concrete Con-
struction, together with Estimates of Cost.

55 DESIGNS OF GARAGES are shown by per-
spective views and floor plans giving dimensions,
etc. Also remarks on Garage Construction,
explaining the advantages o1 each form of con-
struction and giving details about the manner of
erection, selection of materials, hints on super-
vision, etc.

Equipment and Accessories in which is des-
cribed the construction and operation of turn
tables; gasoline storage and pumping; oil cabin-
ets; constructing a repair bench and tool cabin-
ets; lockers; rules to prevent freezing of water
in cylinders, radiators, etc.; washing apparatus;
lighting apparatus; etc.

It is just the book to give you important points
and ideas if you are about to build a garage. Its
information will save you money.

Every Auto owner is vitally interested in the subject of oie to keep his machine.

A Brand New Book, Elaborately Illustrated, Artist-

ically Bound, Price $1.00, Postpaid.

W. J. TAYLOR, LIMITED, WOODSTOCK, ONTARIO

Address:

URE ee: Fee he Se eee aS ee eee

Conservationists in the United States are
interesting themselves in an effort to prevent
the attempt which is now being made to drain
Malheur Lake, Oregon, which has long been
known as one of the most important rth tar
places for wild birds in that country, an
utilize the land so drained for agricultural
purposes. It is claimed that the soil even
when drained will be inadapted for the pur-

oses of agriculture and that as a reservation
for birds, for which it is eminently suited, it is
a far greater asset to the State and to the
country. The lake was made a States Bird
Reservation through the efforts of the Audo-
bon Association on August 18, 1908.. Certain
interested persons in Oregon have now made
application to the Government to declare the
lake to be swamp land suitable for agricuiture
and thereby invalidate the Government’s
title to the land. Herein appears a weak
point in the federal legislation relative to the
setting aside of bird and game reservations,
particularly in the case of birds. The mere
fact that land can be made suitable at any
price for agricultural purposes should not
exclude the possibility of retaining that land
as a place for producing birds, if the annual
crop of birds is of more value than the agri-
cultural products. "©

From two to thirty players may take part
in a clam shell combat, a game imported from
Korea. Any beach or field or garden will do
as playground, and a large room will serve
as well. Each of the players receives an equal
number of clam shells. Then the children
pair off in twos for the great combat. All
players raise a clam shell in their hands to a
height of three feet and let it drop. In each
of the pairs, the player whose shell first hits
the ground with the hollow side down, begins
playing. It is not an easy matter to make a
clam shell drop hollow side down. Clam
shells have a way of alighting on their back.
The shell must be held perfectly straight and
permitted to fall by a very gentle opening ot
the hand. The unsuccessful player places a
shell upon the ground, hollow down. The
other throws a shell at it, aiming to break
it. If he manages to do so at the first trial,
his opponent must put another shell down on
the ground. This is kept up until the shells,
belonging to one of the players have all been
won by the other, or until the thrower fails
to hit a shell, or his own breaks in doing so.
Whenever one of these things happens, you
lose your turn and must put down a shell for
your opponent to aim at. The player who
longest retains an unbroken shell, wins the
game.

When there are more than two players,
the total number is divided into two parties,
and captains are chosen. The various players
step forward to take their turns as their

@ captain calls them.

Conservationists generally were elated
when on August 30th they heard that the
United States Senate had ratified a treaty
with Canada whereby practically 4ll the birds
migrating between the two countries will be
protected. The co-operation of Canada in
the matter of migratory bird protection has
been sought for years by protective associa-

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

; btn iN MEO Lens
Mihir et =" >? Ay M aa
i . ™

tions in the United States and urged by Cana-
dians interested in the Conservation of o
migratory birds, and a fight has been waged
for the ratification of the treaty since the
passing of the federal law in 1913 which pra
tected migratory birds throughout the By
United States. The treaty ratified on 1 ue:
om 29th provides in effect three princi
things: ‘
1. That no bird important to agriculture
because of insect-destroying proclivities shall
be shot at any time. ,
2. That no open season on any species
of game birds shall extend for a longer period
than three and one-half months.
3. That both countries shall so restrict
open seasons on game birds as to prevent
their being taken during the breeding season.
William T. Hornaday, who has been so
active in the fight for the ratification of this
treaty says that it is the most important step
ever taken to protect birds and means that
virtually 1,022 species and sub-species of our
most interesting American birds will be pro-
tected from the Gulf of Mexico to the North
Pole. It is of prime importance to the
farmers, the forest owners and the fruit
growers, since it means that the birds which
kill the insects will be conserved.”

A bear in the Yellowstone National Park
was blown to pieces with dynamite a few
hours after he had mauled a teamster in the
park so badly that he died a short time after
from his injuries. The teamster was asleep
under a wagon loaded with supplies for the
troops in the park when he was attacked, it is
said, by the bear. Two drivers who were with
him drove the animal off but knowing it would
remain placed dynamite, connected with a
small electric battery, under a pile of army
bacon, a short distance from camp. When
the bear returned the trap was exploded as he
nosed the bait. This is one way of catching
animals that cannot be caught otherwise.

Examine the finest cambric needle under
a high power microscope and its point will
look rough and blunt. A snake’s fang simi-
larly inspected appears perfectly smooth
and sharp. In each fang is a groove which
connects by a tube with a sort of bag—the
poison gland—just beneath the eye. When
the snake strikes a muscular contraction
simultaneously forces the venom out of the
bag through the tube and along the groove
into the flesh of the person attacked. Snake
poison, generally speaking, has two distinct
effects. It destroys in some mysterious way
the fibrin of the blood, thereby causing the
latter to behave as if diluted and to filter
through the walls of the veins and arteries. —
In addition, it paralyzes the nerve centers
and so affects the heart, sometimes bringing
death by suffocation.

Messrs. Hill Bros. Fur Co. or St. Louis,
have for distribution a Trapper’s Guide,
presenting in a clear and inieresting manner
the most successful methods known to ex- ™
perienced trappers, for trapping 1ur-bearing
animals. The Guide also contains a catalogue
of the baits handled by this firm. a

~

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" ~
bah
=) :

-
£

“No man
~rr 1g a born
woodsman or
trapper . 2.4

Ealcalenlestenlealen

There is always something
more to learn.”’

“Those who seek to be trappers today must in a measure, at least,
emulate the old-timers’ ways, and, profiting by the experience of others,
learn even to avoid their failures, yet achieve their successes. Life
is too short for universal personal experiment; the successful man
of today is the one who profits by the experience of others—reaps
a harvest or reward.”

The above is an extract s In this book, Buzzacott
from -Buzzacott’s second B shows you how to avoid
volume, and all who uzzacott S others’ failures, and
have read his ‘“Sports- achieve success where
man’s Guide” know that failure would be certain

writer of the great out-
doors.

sportsman’s experience
within your reach.

SPECIAL OFFERS — GET THIS BOOK FREE

By a special arrangement with the publishers of this great book we are en-
abled to make the following exceptional offers. These offers are made for a limit-
ed time and we advise everyone who wishes the book to take advantage of them
at once.

OFFER A
BUZZACOTT’S MASTERPIECE, Full Gilt Library Edition,
sent to any address in Canada, the United States or Great Britain,
Postpaid, for $1.75.

OFFER B
BUZZACOTT’S MASTERPIECE, together with an annual
Soop eon to Rod and Gun, either new or renewal, postpaid,

OFFER C ;

BUZZACOTT’S MASTERPIECE, will be sent free to any-
one sending two new annual subscriptions to Rod and Gun, at
the regular subscription price, $1.50 per annum. Your own
subscription and that of one of your friends will be accepted.

' ADDRESS

W. J. TAYLOR, Limited, PUBLISHER, WOODSTOCK, ONT.

calenienlonlenlcsteslealcnlenteclcstctealeslealcaleel =. onl olen oncalcelcalcalenieries tertertesloalealealen

Relcres

BS

Buzzacott is the premier M a sterpiece had you not this master-

PACA Sieale alle ololollclelelelelelelete le eoledel Sl

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FREM EES

JOLIE eIo sero Nees

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FOR SALE, WANT AND

EXCHANGE DEPT.

ACCESSORIES

FOR SALE—Set of Electric automobile lamps, two side
and one tai. Never been used. Box L. ROD AND GUN
Woodstock, Ontario. TF

]

ANTIQUE FIREARMS

ANTIQUE pistols, blunderbus-
ses, cross bows, fine perfect.
Armour, swords, daggers. No

catalog. Good photos. State
\ requirements. Allen, The Fa-
cade, Charing Cross, London,
Eng. 12 2T

Buy, sell. exchange all sorts old-time and modern Fire-
arms, Stephen Van Rensselaer, Antiques, 22 East 34th
St.. New York. 6-14T

BIRDS AND ANIMALS.

FOR SALE—Best
Canada wild geese.
Edwara Island.

WE HAVE FOR SALE a quantity of nine months’ old
trout. Very finest quality. A splendid chance for person
requiring same. Apply O. J. Walker, Inglewood, P. QO.
Ont. : 10 3T

uality ranch raised mink, also
Nelson Waldron, Tyne Valley, ceo

FOR SALE—Ferrets, fitch, white and crossed, well
handled, sent on approval, also some trained, one year
old. Fred Clarke, 851 William§Street, London, Ont. 11-1T

FOR SALE—Fine dark northern ranch raised mink;
scentless skunks, trained ferrets, both colors, pheasants.
Why not buy the best. B. Tippman, La pace

FOR SALE—Ferrets $3.50 each or $36.00 dozen; sacks
5O0c; muzzles 40c; mink, skunk hunters $4.00; rabbit dogs
$15.00. Stamp please. Dalton. Wellsville, Ohio. 11-1T

¥

DOGS.

_ FIELD TRIALS—3 Beagle stakes, Nov. 7th. 2 Bird
Dog events, Nov. 8th. Canadian National Field_ Trial
Club. For entry blanks, etc., write W. P. Smith, Sec’v.,
P.O. Box 215, Sandwich, Ont. : 11-iT

aie ee ooally high class Irish Water

s 5 months old, by Champion Imported Bally-

{ Mike ex Lady Venus she litter sister to

logan, winner at the last San Francisco Show.

better do you want. Get busy.
French, Wetaskiwin, Alta.

FOR SALE—Splendid Llewellin English, Irish, Gordon
setter pups and trained dogs, inters. spaniels and re-
trievers in pups and trained dogs. Enclose stamp for
description. Thoroughbred Kennels, Atlantic, Iowa. tf

Hooker Oak
What
Guaranteed. H. R.

TRAINED HOUNDS—Norwegian bearhounds,
Irish wolf hounds . Blood hounds, Foxhounds,
Deer, Cat, Wolf and Coon dogs. Absolute guar
antee, trial allowed, purchaser alone to judge, no
uiestions asked, money refunded. Fifty-page
illustrated catalogue five-cent stamp. Rookwood
Kennels, Lexington, Ky. 12 tf

The Blue Grass Farm Kennels oi B , Ky., offer for
sale setters and pointers, fox and cat hounds, wolf and deer
hounds, coon and opossum hounds, varmint and rabbit
hounds, bear and lion hounds. Also Airedale terriers.
All dogs shipped on trial, purchaser alone to judge the
Gaead Satisfaction guaranteed, or money refunded.

page illustrated, instructive and interesting catalogue for
ten cents in stamps or coin: 7tf

Advertisements will ‘Gass Pa
inserted in this Department _

at 4c. a word. Send re |
mittance with order. Copy
should not be later than
the 10th of the month.

BOOK ON

DOG DISEASES
And How to Feed

: Mailed free to any address by
America’s the Author

Pioneer H. CLAY GLOVER CO., Inc.
Dog Remedies #118 West 31st Street, New York

MANGEE*ze™2: ear canker, goitre, cured or no charge. ?
: Write for particulars describing the trouble :
Eczema Remedy Company, Hot Springs, Arx. 10TF ;
MINERALINE—A thoroughly tested--remedy for
mange, eczema and ear canker, Price 50c. prepaid
Concordia Kennels, Concord, Mass.

AIREDALES FOR, SALE—€xceptionally high class”
puppies ready for Cenvery sire, Stormy-Weather, dam,
Topsy-Turvy. Write for booklet if interested. B Web
bank, Quill Lake, Sask.

FOR SAL.E.—One Harrier 14 months’ old and one
foxhound pup 8 months’ old. Moles, farm raised. Appl
John’ A. Riggs, Merton, Ont. 15 iT

FOR SALE.—Chesapeake ae Sired b
The Dam, Felt's ‘‘Biuebell’’ Bluebell’s Sire is Tony “T”’
shown on Page 428 September number of this magazine.
Finest registered stock, prices reasonable. H. L. Felt,
Findlater, Sask.

FOR SALE—6 Foxhounds, broken on Deer, Fox and
Rabbits, prices $10 to $20. 2 Boston Terrier Dogs, one
year old, 1 Brood Bitch, 2 years, in whelp to Champion.
C. H. Ross, Waterloo, Ont.

COONHOUNDS, Deerhounds, Rabbithounds, Fox and
Wolfhounds, good lookers and good workers, Walker and
July strains. Trained and untrained. Ten days’ trial
allowed. J. E. Adams, Herrick, Ill. 102T

TRAINED Fox and Wol: Hounds,
and Varment Hounds.
Bolivar, Mo.

FOR SALE—Go d Coon Dog, 2% years old. Address
S. W. Avey, Norwich, Ont. 11-1T

BEAGLES FOR SALE—Pedigreed and Hunting Stoek.
Running Bitches and 8-month-old Pups. Owned Kes
James T. Smith, 262 Eramosa Rd., Guelph, Ont. 11-1

FOR SALE—Thoronughbred, best Pedigreed Airedale,
male, 2 years Oct. 7, 1916. Sire Colne Express Order,
Cheap to ready buyer. Apply Box 52, Ridgetown ion
tario. = ~

PEDIGREED ENGLISH BEAGLE Hounds, also
akg 3c stamp for reply. L. W. Murray, — w
nt.

FOR SALE—Six black and tan deer hounds, eleven
months old, weighs about forty-six pounds, have been
hunted two months. Price $15 each. Norman Wrigh’
Box 436, Harrow,|,Ont 11-1

PEDIGREED SCOTCH TERRIER PUPS—Fearless
game strain. C. K. Baillie, Winona, Ont. 11-1T

SUNCREST AIREDALE KENNELS—REMOVED
to Lindsay and short of room. Must sacrifice litters b
winning “Morning Admiration” and imported “Clonmel
Master Crack.’ Bitches $10.00, Dogs $20.00. This
will only appear once, so write quick and book yours no
and you may get a future champion. .. Suncrest Aireda!
Kennels, Lindsay, Ont.

Joe bial Sg

also Coon
Guaranteed. John W. Burk
LIT

ENGINES AND LAUNCHES.

FOR SALE—Marine Engines, two cycle, two, three and
four pees: omar Beyuncs 4 cycle. All new. sp =
further ulars stating horse power required, :
ROD AND GUN, Woodstock, Ont. TF

FOR SALE—23ft. Semi-speed launch, beam 4 feet
3 inches, finished ready for engine. This is a new launch,
gow ready for delivery. For further particulars, etc.
write Box F. Rod and Gun, Woodstock, Ont. ti

FOR SALE—Semi Speed Square, or Round Transom

and Compromise stern Hulls, finished ready for engine, up
to 30 ft. length. New. Will sell cheap. Box A. Rod and
Gun in Canada. Woodstock, Ont. TF

FISHING TACKLE.

NAUTO AUTOMATIC BAIT (Guise Pat.) Any purchaser
preferring the New Registered “Nauto’’ Tail Spinning
Model (which is giving great satisfaction) can have his old
ene replaced if returned within a reasonable time. THE
GUSTO COMPANY, 28 HARCOURT AVE., TORONTO,

OF INTEREST to Canadian. or American Fishing
Tackle or Sporting Goods Manufacturers a patent fish-
ing bait, a proved success. Capital required or amalgama-
tion. Box 75, Rod and Gun, Woodstock, Ont. 1-1T

FOR SALE—Several Fly and Trolling Rods, absolutel
new. Will sell cheap. Box L. ROD AND G
Woodstock, Ont. TF

MAKE YOUR OWN FLIES to fish with. Let me show
u how. Write W. R. Taylor, 16 ave. East Burnaby,
ew Westminster, B. C. 8 1T

GUNS

FOR SALE—Brand New 1911 Model Winchester Auto-
matic 12 guage shot gun. Six shots, straight stock, full
choke. egular $55. Will sell for $42. Guaranteed in
as perfect condition as the day it left the factory. Box 70,
Rod and Gun, Woodstwck, Out.

GUNNERS—A BARGAIN.—Mullins_ sheet metal
“Bastle Duck Boat,” 46 inch beam, 14 ft. long with stand-
ards for attaching grass blinds, 1 pair oars, Adypinese 1 pole,
canvas gunwale and keeper, also two-wheeled cart for con-
hi pe boat. Everything is new shape. Cost over $50.00,

il sell for $30.00. 1 doz. Mallard, 1 doz. Redhead,
20 Blue Bill wood decoys, carved and painted by a profes-
sional, absolutely in new condition. Half males and fe-
mates. Price 65 cents each. The duck shooter wishinga
bargain will buy these now. Robt. Hodgson, Raglan, Ont.

A BARGAIN IN SHOT GUNS

I have been able to get hold of a few
PERFECTLY NEW, THOROUGHLY
TESTED, TOBIN _ Double-barreled
Hammerless Shot Guns at a very low
price. Regular $35.00 grade! can let
you have for $20.00, cash with the
order, or C. 0. D. with privilege of
examination. — -:- -i- -!- -i-

W. F. MARTIN
SPORTING COODS DEALER, - WOOCSTOCK, ONT.

FOR SALE.—Savage 22 High Power rifle.
Marbles Auxilary Cartridges for using 22 short, long or
long rifle cartriages. Guaranteed in perfect condition:

Two (2)

have not fired over 50 rounds. Price $20.00.
MacKenzie, P. O. Box 209, Truro, N. S 101T

SALE OF EXCHANGE.—Ross—.303 Special Match
Rifle, perfect condition, 500 rounds ammunition, Peep
sights, carrying case, cleaning outfit Cost $80.00, a snap
at $40. Would exchange for Graflex camera or best offer.
T. M. Asselstine, Kingston, Ont. 101T

FOR SALE.—One 10 gauge 9 Ib. Remington double gun

gate B.E. perfectly new with automatic ejector. Price
-00.. This gun has never been used. James A. Cum-
ming, Box 355, Trenton, Ont. 101T

DESIG.

FOR SALE—Remington, 12 gauge, shot gun, re
Trap Grade, full choke, new. rice $40. ill
for smaller gauge shot gun. J. C. Gandy, Pe

‘

Saddles, $3.00 up, New uniforms, $1.50 up,
Army 7 shot carbine $8.50; etges. 13¢¢ each
U. S. N. Winchester high power rifle 6m/m, $9.85
mo Team harness $21.85 up. C.W.Army Revolvers,$1.66

' Remington Army Revolver, $4.85; ciges. le each

sale and retail cyclopedia catalogue, mailed 25e
east and 30c west of Mississippi River.

CIS BANNERMAN, 501 BROADWAY, NEW YORK
SreEULIALDS
ECZEM A Psoriasis, cancer, goitre,
old sores, catarrh, dandruff, sore

eyes, rheumatism, neuralgia, stiff joints, piles, cured or

no charge. Write for particulars and free sample. Eczema
Remedy Co., Hot Springs, Ark. 10 TF
FOR SALE—Several Beers Thermostats. This is an

automatic apparatus for opening and closing the dampers of
your furnace, hot water heater, or steam boiler, at exactly

eater,
rth, NB.
1iT

}

tetter |

the moment when they should be opened or closed. thus

keeping the temperature of your house unitorm through’

every hour of the day and night. Saves coal. Saves worry.

These Thermostats can be instal'ed by anyone who can

handle a hammer. screw driver and auger. Write for fur-

ther particulars to Box L.. ROD AND GUN, Weol=aa
n

ie RAP AND GUNS

AT FACTORY PRICES

ighest prices for Furs, and sell you Traps, Guns,

Rad ge ct FACTORY PRICES. Write for FREE
CATALOG, TRAPPERS’ GUIDE, and Fur Price List. -
E. A. STEPHENS & CO., 24U Stephens Bullding, DENYER, COLO,

FOR SALE—Finest speckled trout eggs, fry, lingerlings,
etc., at the private hatchery of Dr. A. R. Robinson, Silver

Creek, Caledon. Address, A. R. Robinson, Claude Ont.
FOR SAI.E.—Army saddle, fine condition, $10. Al.
Talbot, Tessierville, Que. 10-T

MEDICINAL PLANTS.—This book tells you the last
word about gathering roots and herbs used in preparing
Medicines, Perfumes, Dye stuffs and Coloring. Market
prices and address of buyers. Post paid, only 20c.Forest
Product Co., West Milan, N E a ty

FOR SALE—One of the best known wholesale and retail
bait manufacturing businesses in America. Hundreds
of dollars worth of orders on hand Will sell for less than
profits. A few hundred dollars placed in this business will
pay well. No time to answer curiosity seekers, so.do not
answer unless you are prepared to act if proof is furnished.
Lock Box No. 241, Stanwood,lowa.

FOR BIG GAME HUNTING AND ALPINING in the
mountains of Central British Columbia: by pack train.
You are sure of good sport in my section. Joe La Sall
Mountaineer, Hunter and Guide. McBride. B GC 25

TO LET BY THE MONTH, NEAR QUEBEC—-Warm
winter well furnished bungalow on shore lake, 14 miles
north of city, via auto roads; large living room and chim-

~ ney fire, 7 other rooms.kitchen and dining room separated.

Private half mile aqueduct from underground water spring.
Exceptionally grand view. Canoes, Boats, etc. Ideal
spot for skiing, etc. Few hours’ drive from tamous “‘Goy-
ernment Game and Fish Park.’’ No neighbors. For

particulars apply by writing to Box 80, Rod and Gun
Woodstock, Fh

Ont. 11-1

CASH paid for butterflies, insects, every
year for artwork. Beginners. Folder
free. Sinclair, Box 244, D-97, Los
Angeles, Cal. 11-1T

WANTED—4 or 5 good men to join a hunti g club,
whose membership has become depleted owing to the
present war. Territory 24 miles from railway, can go
within five miles in car, good trout fishing and the finest
deer hunting possible, 28 square miles in province of Que-
bec with 4 good lakes for trout on the territory. All
equipment necessary on the property, good cabin 18’x24’,
6 boats, full cooking outfit, beds, etc. Anyone wantin
to join a real good club where game of all kinds is plentiful,
babar get full information by writing Box 995, Pome

nt. -

ROD AND

PREMIUMS FOR NEW SUBSCRIP

-\ ¥:

G

Ali Lae eh. -
REDS en ta
IN CANAD

We are desirous of adding 1000 new subscriptions to our lists and in order to ac~
complish this we make the following generous offers.

For One New Subscription

A single action, raised pillar, rivetted
brass reel with click, 80 yds.; A Standard
waterproof Bass Line, 10 yds.; A Mackerel
waterproof line, 25 feet; A Kelso Pearl
Spoon Bait; A Sullivan Hook and Reel
Guard; A Williams’ Battery Switch; A
Finger Grip for fishing rods; A Fish Hook
for Frog Bait; Two Rubber Grips for fish-
ing rods; A Matchless Cigar Lighter.

For Two New Subscriptions

A Betzler & Wilson Fountain Pen; A
copy of ‘“‘Radford’s Garages and How to
Build Them”; A Vest Pocket Flashlight;
A Stag Brand Landing Ring; A copy of
Deadfalls and Snares, a book of instruction
for trappers about these and other home
made traps; A Copy of Canadian Wilds,
tells about the Hudson’s Bay Co., Nor-
thern Indians and their modes of hunting,
trapping, etc.; A Copy of Steel Traps,
describes the various makes, and tells how
to use them, also chapters on care of pelts;
A copy of Camp and Trail Methods; A copy
of Science of Fishing; A copy of Fox Trap-
ping—tTells how to trap, snare, poison and
shoot; A copy of Mink Trapping—Gives
many methods of trapping; A copy of Wolf
and Coyote Trapping; A copy of Science of
Trapping—Describes the Fur bearing
animals, their nature, habits and distribu-
tion with practical methods of their
capture; A copy of Fur Farming—A book
of information on raising Furbearing ani-
mals, telling all about enclosures, breeding
feeding, habits, care, etc.; A Grease Gun
manufactured by Miller & Starr; An Oil
Gun manufactured by Brown Co.; A Gem
Razor Safety; An American Pedome-
ter—Regulates to step and registers exact
distances; A copy of The Camper’s Own
Book (cloth); A copy of “Motor Craft
Encyclopedia”; A copy of ““The Culture of
Black and Silver Foxes’”—Contains chap-
ters on Heredity, Origin, Breeding, Mating
and Gestation, Pens and Dens, Food and
Feeding, Food and Care, Value.

For Three New Subscriptions
A Landing Net manufactured by All-
cock, Laight & Westwood; A Line Drying
Reel; A Pair of Elliott’s Ear Protectors for
Trap-Shooters and Sportsmen; Three
Crow Decoys, A New Wonder Flashlight.

Address
. Subscription Dept.,

>
~ ae
“< = XX

Rod and Gun in Canada, Woodstock, Ont.

manufactured by Canadian Electric No-
velty Co., Toronto. Case made of metal
covered with leatherette; One half dozen
Stag Brand Rubber Frogs or Froggies;
One of Walter’s hand-made axes, handled.
Length of handle, 14 inches; A copy of
Camp Kits and Camp Life.

For Four New Subscriptions
A pipe—HBB brand; An Automatic
Razor Stropper; A copy of Modern Sport-
ing Gunnery.

For Five New Subscriptions
A Tobin Boy Scout Rifle—22 calibre,
short, long or rifle cartridges. Barrel 22
in. long, weight 384 pounds.

For Six New Subscriptions
A Minnow Pail manufactured by All-
cock, Laight. & Westwood; A Thermos
ottle.

For Seven New Subscriptions
an 10 ft. Fly Rod; A Younger Willow
air.

For Eight New Subscriptions
A Conklin Fountain Pen.

For Ten New Subscriptions |
A Frost Improved Kelso Automatic Reel,
capacity 100 yards. .

For Twelve New Subscriptions
A Stevens Favorite No. 17 Rifle; One
dozen Cleveland Battery Connectors.

For Thirteen New Subscriptions
A Bait Casting Rod.

For Fifteen New Subscriptions
A Marvel Petit Camera.

For Seventeen New Subscriptions
A Pair of “Witch Elk’ Hunting Boots.

For Twenty-five New Subscriptions

A Handy Tent Cot, manufactured by -
Cutten & Fraser, Toronto; A Korona
Petit Camera, size 34 x5%, manufactur- |
ed by the Gundlach-Manhattan Co. ~~

If you are interested write for sub-
scription blanks, sample copies, etc.

The subscription price of ROD AND
GUN is $1.50 per annum.

R OD wnt GUN
IN- CANADA

DECEMBER, 1916

FIFTEEN CENTS

“King of the Big Swamp’

Others May Imitate
But None Can Excel. «>

SMART-WOODS
EIDERDOWN
SLEEPING
ROBES and
BAGS

A Sample And Learn The
Whys And Wherefores Fo: or
Your Own Self...

SMART; WOODS

Ottawa - Toronto - Montreal - Winnipeg

There's a Reason--Send far =

Woodstock, Ontafio. December, 1916

x

' Publishers are warned not to reprint contents, whollp or in part, without full credit attached.

eS DECEMBER CONTENTS
7" Hunting The Webfoot Among The Icefields.........0.0.0.0.............. Bonnycastle Dale 709
we PCCM AU Ge tee Nk eit Se AA, cree nga Lillian Waters McMurtry 713
f Seema Dae CbOss WE Ee QNOW......0.o2k eee cce- hein bahsanee nek H. C. Haddon 714
; eummureniiin t0r. The. Fetal oer ee ils eae ee Paul A. W. Wallace 716
The Rector of Prairie Glen, Alberta Bags A Nice Foot Rug................ S. Jones 718
King of The Big "ibe Ry Gea Sal gale Hep ne it A ea F. V. Williams 723
Attracting Birds... Soy Wy Pl PE, RUIN NCEE RE OE 726
Nipigon Lake prigiibtiece tne net ai re Dana L. “Spring 727
The 1915 Outing of The Port Elgin Hunt Club: A Successful Deer Hunt in
Pea PU RPC UIMPORC ISL CATMED- 2 teste PGE EW. oo bos Reset och eee sone casei cke te os Re 730
UN gl DOO RAT CAD ie al Be oe em 4 aS T. N. Hewitt, 733
IRIE EROS RTET Yee cre Nes Rly cee facet oRey aids ance ovisck ing ctu dughtetieaaee ae een hod
meMoose Hunting Trip im Nova Scotia... 01.0.3... secs ee! ad. SBS Fig ea
Magaguadavic and Digdeguash.................. ALN aig ad BI) ude Fees Lines by D. Ex *137
UMA REE ae ne a Ree in SF cates by laacen eres Robert Page Lincoln 738
IE RCRMETI SS ETO SEY: 2228082: 22 ie sclalas vce aed - rece ots) SE Way a pe ee a 750
— An Alpine Club Member Who has Been Honored by The Allies. .................... (DE
Beers eriaininig Coe (Onservation, :2.. 2)! 60/02)... Sach eee tk ee es 756
Alpine Club Notes... URAL eat oe Nalin mah a ace hon ie ne a ees
Suggestions for Ornithological AWipirkccs sho ei gee arial Weenies tier ae neg 770
IMEAMNR ES TPL EINST TITS ON 22000208 ca LG 2 Rs a he C. S. Landis - 772
ERIN FOU ACC POWs... ee as es See ee Ry 780
SMAI RIRERIES P NVINOES 8 ote Se ae oe or Bn Sos Se eed bi eee “Nemo” 782
q A Worth While Holiday.. EER BER 2 Fig Re UROS Oh RR glee a PED pte SC
4 The Selection of A Camp “Mate... ae A tReet Lad AK 788
\ say | CHOSTA TUNP 1 WB e A oa ee OPl e | eNOr ea Nc ee a Peeh A Edward Booth 790
4 peoummers Nighton The Marshes 205.0 8 obec occur bene, sledaenw ne B.. GY Tillet fet
: MBAR TIMAISAITIS 7 UR cae ey Pe sony Lote ee Do as Geo. beeen 796
| Along the Trap Line.. $3 eee ter ase oh ose
Oe TBR Ce i ire cig I al eh BS pr Vi a th A RSet CMe eS
Kennel

(ET op NUN On bes Teepe: a) Live eit 22h Sp ane Oe ne RE SPE Peete TS ta SP
SLE DUES Me NEO ORS N ch 0 Re al RD ee Ve aI Res eae

> SUBSCRIPTION PRICE to any address in Canada, Great Britain or in the United States $1.50
foreign countries 50c extra. Single copies 15 cts. All subscriptions are payable in advance.

REMITTANCES should be made by P. ee or express money orders, bank checks er registered
_ letters ; if by check, exchange must be included

i CHANGE OF ADDRESS. When a shaves of address is ordered, both the new and the old
addresses must be given.

THE ADDRESS LABEL, shows the date to which subscription is paid.
ADVERTISING RATES and sample copies sent on application.

Communications on all topics pertaining te fishing, canoeing, yachting, the kennel, amateur
otography and trapshooting will be welcomed and pub ished if possible. All communications must
accompanied by the name of the writer, not necessarily for publication, however.

F Rod_and Gun in Canada does not assume any responsibility for, or necessarily endorse, any views
Ss expressed by contributors to its columns.

Published by W. J. TAYLOR, LTD., WOODSTOCK, ONT.

4 —Branch Offices—
m New York, Lendon, England
373 Fourth Ave. Grand Trunk Bldgs.
Cockspur St.
f orga Feb. 17, 1908 at the Post Office at Buffalo, N.Y., as second-class matter under Act of
arch 8 1908.28 - A

vn Tae ©

8 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

ee

>
5 a
6)

Steel Fishing Rods

Bait Casting Combination

‘Bristol’? Bait Casting Rod No. 25, price $7.00 and Meek ‘‘Blue Grass’”’
Simplex Free Spool No. 34 Reel, $7.50. The angler who has this com-
bination can go anywhere among casters and be proud of his outfit.
The combination makes an elegant ‘‘Christmas, New Year’s or Birth-

day”’ present for the experienced angler or for the young man who likes
fine things.

The rod has a short cork handle with patented detachable finger hook, large
olished German silver improved casting guides and solid agate tip with extra
arge opening. The reel seat is close to the grip, enabiing the fisherman to
“‘thumb’’ the reel without tiring his hand. Large guides and tips allow the

line to run so freely that after a few trials a novice can cast from 75 to 100 feet.

Regular lengths 4, 44%, 5, 544, 6 and 64 ft. Weight 8 to 8% oz. Price $7.00.

The reel is a decided improvement over other take apart reels in design, ma-
terial, workmanship, action and durability. We have recently examined a
number of these reels made 12 years ago and find them in first class condition,
showing no perceptible wear. The spiral gearing cut from one piece hard
drawn brass rod, gives power, smoothness and speed otherwise unobtainable.
The thumb rest allows the spool to be completely filled with line. The free
spool mechanism acts automatically on the clutch principle, disconnecting
the gearing from the spool by the act of casting and automatically re-connect-
ing to the spool by the act of winding. Beyond a doubt this is the best take
apart reel that has ever been{produced for the price, $7.50.

Both rod and reel can be bought separately of your dealer, or by mail, from us at cata-
logue prices. - - - WRITE FOR “BRISTOL” AND MEEK CATALOGUES
describing 49 different rod and reel models. They are free for the asking.

1917 ‘‘BRISTOL’* ART CALENDAR IS READY.
The MEEK 34 BB Beautiful full color reproduction of a Philip R.

sates 4 \:. ie —~ Goodwin painting. This new calendar is a

“Blue Grass Simplex My a“ e beautiful outdoor subject which will be a fine

FREESPOOL ij 4 , acquisition for your outdoor collection. Sent
iF = only on receipt of 15c.

THE HORTON MFG. CO.,

32 Horton St. - « Bristol, Conn.
Also manufacturers of the Meekand Blue Grass Reels

Pacific Coast Branch: Phil B.
Bekeart Co,, |717 Market Stréet,
Sam Francisco, California.

: — Sia ee
bese
a

VOL. 18

rHINEA

WOODSTOCK, ONT., DECEMBER, 1916

Se ~

=a | 3
NADA

No.

HUNTING THE WEBFOOT AMONG

THE ICEFIELDS

Bonnycastle Dale

RULY ‘a man is only a boy
grown big.’ The feeling of
gladness with which all hunters

oe children) welcome the first fleecy

akes was expressed in my voice as [
called cheerfully to Fritz, ‘‘See! it’s
snowing laddie.”’

We were camped on Migration
Point, our midlake camp on Rice lake.
It was the third week in October.
The Teal and Wood ducks, many of
the plover family, nearly all the rail,
millions of swallows, countless hosts
of Blackbirds, Redhead and Brewers,
and the big Purple Crackles, had gone
south. The Bittern and the Lesser
had passed over in noisy ungainly
flight. Flocks of Pintail and Wid-
geon had-joined the great procession
that weaves its way following the

lakes and rivers and the ocean shore,
clear down to Central America—and
this morning for the first time, there
was ice in the waterbucket. Many
times in paddling through the drown-
-ed lands and marshes we had heard
_ the swift noisy retreat of some of the
many wounded and aged birds, also
_ the ones that were ill, into the deeper
hidden places. We well knew the
hard life these poor ‘‘cripples’’ lead.
Hunted by every passing canoe,
darted at by every hawk and owl that
kes the feathered prey, alarmed by
each half hibernating frog and turtle
‘and snake, half starved in the midst of
_ plenty by the failure of the organs to
dijest the hurried meal they await the
rst “big freeze.” There are thous-
fa Se

ands of wild fowl that die on this lake
every year from the natural afflictions
of the various families; but the ice is
the terror of them all.

‘See that ‘‘winged”’ heron!’’ called
Fritz. Some thoughtless imitation
hunter had wounded the great bird
and it was now vainly trying to swim
against a heavy Nor’west wind. The
big thin awkward bird is a poor
swimmer at its best. Now it could
only just hold its position against the
wind and the wave.

*“Let’s pick it up” yelled the lad
above the roar of the Nor’wester,so
out we paddled. The yellow eye
gleamed at us frantically, the long
thin feather crest was raised and the
bird prepared to peck at my out-
stretched hand. (Kindly remember
that all the desk constructed yarns
of this bird, or any of the long billed
birds, transfixing its enemy or its
prey on its bills are pure desk Natural
History.) I seized the long neck just
behind the head, clasped the legs
closely above the knees and lifted
the bedraggled mass into the canoe.
All the time it vainly tried to peck me
and once or twice it nipped home with
no great damage to me. It refused
any and all food and a day later I let
it loose on the island. Now Novem-
ber’s dreary days came on apace, the
mighty host of wild fowl, closely
following the isotherm of 33 degrees,
settled into the lake in great flocks, all
the weak, injured and ill at once leav-
ing the flocks and taking shelter near

709

Axe me et |
710 ROD AND GUNIN CANADA a ss
the shore. I am sure Fritz and I evitable, but the first week in De- {

could have half filled our canoes the
second week in the month with these
perishing birds.

“Catch that Whistler!’ I called to
Fritz on the bowseat. A Golden
Eye was making short, swift, futile
dives ahead of our craft in the open
water. The lad finally caught the

FRITZ JR. PUTTING ON THE WHITE CLOTHES
FOR THE ICE HUNT

duck and we examined it closely for
any wound. It was quite evidently
dying from old age as all the marks
were present. At last, on the 22nd
of November, the marshes fgoze and
all the crippled and ill and aged birds
slowly flapped and dragged their pain-
ful way out into the deep..water—
no not all, for many a poor bird had
its wing feathers caught by the
fingers of Jack Frost and perished in
its lonely hiding place.

The winds soon broke up the thin
skim of ice, and lake and pondhole
again were rippled by the wind. All
the stronger of the dying host sought
again the secluded places for a few
days’ more struggle against the in-

cember sealed the marshes and
“drowned lands” and the great wild |
rice beds finally for the year and we —
took up the exciting sport of the last —
few days of the season—ice-hunting.

I wish my kind readers of Rod and
Gun to note it is Fritz Jr. who is
pictured here, Fritz Sr. is Gunner
Fritz of His Majesty’s C. F. A. now.

Our first work of this kind was too
dangerous to risk the cameras on.
The ‘‘Freeze up” was patchy. Good
firm fields of ice, then open lanes,
then cracked pack ice, large wind
driven masses and the open river to_
shelter the hard hunted flocks. In
many places the crippled birds had
been frozen in where they struggled.
We came across many such as we
skated along, and it is merciful to kill -
these birds even if you cannot re-
trieve them. In years gone by we
used to le at full length and skim
these birds in with extended gun-
barrel, the inch thick ice yielding
plentifully all the time. Since then a
wee bit more wisdom has showed us
the folly of this risk so we usually
take our canoes on runners with us
now. ;

““Get the white cloths and the duck
coat and hat and try and decoy some
of those flocks. T° pushei out and
hurriedly threw out a flock oi decoys—
if the Department cuts the number of
decoys down close enough why not
number or name them and have each ~
woodén bird licensed? Can’t you
imagine a duckhunter saying, “I’ve —
just shot No. 13, that’s Lizzie, now
I’ll read up my little game law book —
and see what day it is lawful to —
operate on her and extract the shot?” —
Why not count and number the shot
too while we are atit? Leave the
Department alone and don’t ask for
fool Class laws. Meantime the lad
adjusted the garment—whisper it
low it’s a shirt—and pushed his canoe
out onto the shore ice (it was about
two inches thick here but he wisely
tried it with his ice chisel), then push- _
ed his craft to the edge of the open —
pond, threw the white cloths over it, —

side it.

ues

HUNTING THE WEBFOOT AMONG THE ICEFIELDS 711

FRITZ JR. PUSHING HIS CANOE OUT ON TO THE ICE.

My 25 intensely interesting. All
theMake, save the ice-holes and the
river mouths was, this clear cold
December morning, a mass of snow-
covered ice, with here and there glar-
ing patches where the nor’wester was
whirling the fleecy cover off. Right in
midlake a bunch of Whistlers were
most contentedly squatted on the
cold icy surface. I watched them
closely. They can sit for hours rest-
ing on one leg, with the cold thin foot
pressed against the ice. Why does it
not freeze? One very odd caper
they cut now. The wind was
increasing and blowing all the thin

mantle of snow off the ice and the
ducks became much scattered, they
evidently wanted to draw closer again
and started to waddle to a common
centre. Suddenly an extra heavy
gust caught one big green headed
drake and he slid along like an urchin
on a pond, balancing bravely with the
tips of his wings and steering with his
outstretched tail, but the wind didn’t
act fair, it veered and promptly up-
set the duck, which quacked out its
indignation in odd gutteral ‘‘my-
amphs.”” In one place it reminded
me of curling, several birds, swiftly
windswept, careered to one centre,

DUCK FROZEN INTO ICE AT END OF SEASON

Me

712 ROD AND GUNINCANADA

and you did not have to “‘sweep ’em
up” to get them going good and fast
and a most excited gabbling ensued
as they bumped and upset and over-
turned. With my glasses I saw a
fox venture out from one of the is-
lands and tear loose an ice caught

Top to bottom, FRITZ JR. ON- THE ICE-FIELD:
BOY, CANOE AND ICE BLEND WELL. FRITZ JR.
WITH THE ICE CHISEL: HOW :THICK IS IT?
FRITZ JR. HIDING BEHIND THE WHITE CLOTH-
COVERED CANOE.

> AR gas Ay en
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dead duck. In the open river mouth
hundreds of Whistlers and Bluebills
and a few Redheads and Black ducks
were gathered. Soon we saw an ;
Indian push his canoe across the ice
and slip into the current, a bunch
of willow brush in the bows hid both >
craft and hunter and he glided down
slowly but steadily towards a flock
of diving Whistlers—the Black ducks
picked him out as Danger at once and
leaped calling loudly. All the other
ducks followed, all but the Whistlers
which had dived. Now the Indian
paddles swiftly and his canoe is al-
most at the place where the ducks
dived before the first one came up.
‘Ping’, and it died before it spread
its wings. All the others now started
for the surface, actually flying be-
neath the water, as their wings were
swiftly moving when they broke. I
know they use their wings under
water as I have observed them, but
they really fly and paddle up swiftly
when they see or hear danger. As
each of the four birds broke water the
Indian’s pump gun sang ‘Ping’.
It was odd to see them (through the
glasses) die in midair—before we
heard the cause, ‘‘ping! ping! Ping!
Ping!’ I leave my readers to judge
if the pump gun is a good thing.

Two morning ducks, a male and a
female (Crested Mergansers) came
whizzing over the glaring ice, all the
snow was blown off by now—right
into our decoys, they saw me as I
raised the gun and veered but I
managed to drop the drake. He
flew 200 yards and fell “thump” on
to the ice, promptly sat up, shook out
his much ruffled plumage and started
to waddle and slide. Finally he
struck a small open icehole and dived,
so I grabbed the small canoe, threw
off the white clothes and started to,
retrieve him, a most difficult task.
I stood up in the canoe and used a
pole to push and draw with. “‘Crash’’i
In went the canoe through a thin
place in the icefields and I lost much
time drawing. her out. The next
“splash”? was when I sent her into
the icehole where the wounded bird
crouched in terror. I tell you fellow —
duck hunters, the sport is all on our ~
side, the poor birds I pity them; unless
we can mercifully kill them instan :

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soon y crs
tes ized the gun. By this time the
_ duck had dived and I sat there until
_my arm was tired but no duck came
up. I knew then it was trying to es-
cape to the next icehole by swimming
under the ice and coming up against
the under surface to recharge the
exhausted air in its jlungs. I swiftly
drew the canoe up on the ice again
_ and rapidly circled the hole. Finally
I saw the white feathers of the crest,
of the bird below the ice and then I
sped off to the next icehole by a
circuitous route and awaited the in-
evitable with gun at shoulder. In
less than two minutes the beautifully
crested head of the duck popped
above the surface and died instantly,
and let us hope painlessly.
Fs

Now came a remarkable experience.
We had killed a few ducks over the
_ decoys, mainly whistlers. There
were great numbers of American and
_ Redbreasted Mergansers decoying but

we never kill them as they are rather

y craft stopped rolling coarse to eat.

; ¥ ; a oy if ete
They are good b
for Friday, however—being both fis
and fowl. I noticed the decoys wer
riding closer and closer to the wind
edge of the hole and finally a fe
mounted onto the lip of the ic
Then it dawned upon me, the ice was
‘shoving’. My first thought was of
Fritz whom I hurried ashore canoe
and all. I instantly perceived some- —
thing had to be speedily done to save ©
that flock of decoys. I did not just
relish saving them from in front, as
the ice was moving fast now an
piling up and grinding and cracking ~
everywhere, so I managed to pull the
canoe out on to the, as yet, un-
cracked lip of the advancing “‘shove”
and standing up in her I drew in the i
decoys, in tangled masses, with the
pike pole, and the foolish Whistlers
were trying to decoy to the ice sur- ras
rounded dead ducks and wooden ~
counterfeits even while I was pike- KA
poling them in. I finally got ashore
with nothing worse than wet feetand ~~
tangled decoy lines.

| LAKE OF BAYS a

song.

Lillian Waters McMurtry

Comes a longing in the mellow, autumn days,
And the Fancy goes a-roaming out of town Beis,
Till it hits the woodland trail to Lake ot Bays \

Where an echo calls to hills a-turning brown.

haze,
And a lilt of Fairy song floats on the air,
There’s a magic spell abroad, at Lake of Bays,
And a magic wand dispelling useless care.

Mystic shadows play ’mid amber glints and

There’s enchantment in the autumn leafy

ways, *
And the spirit yields, delighted, to its sway;

Laughing waters mirror skies, in Lake of Bays,
Hark! the pipers of the woods—add melody.

There’s a haunting in the hazy autumn days
And it follows in the silence and the throng
Tul it leads you to the trail of Lake of Bays
Where you answer to the hunter’s autumn

Ha Litas buithd a Bias
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AR up on the hillside a single rifle shot
broke the silence, and the echo of the
report came rolling back from across

the valley. Two or three red squirrels chat-
tered noisily for a few minutes at the un-
accustomed sound, and then the silence
closed down again. Presently there was a
crashing of the underbrush, and a big bull
caribou broke into the open, turned down
the hillside for a while, and then re-entered
the timber lower down the mountain.

- Perhaps half an hour later a man appeared
where the caribou had first left the timber.
Here where the tracks were out in the open,
the big bull had left a plain record, which
showed that he was travelling on the jump,
and was very badly scared. Pierre had
hopes that the bull was also badly woundea,
but the snow showed no signs of blood marks.
So the half breed shook his head sadly.

“This damn rifle no good,’ he muttered
to himself, and turned in his tracks, and
went back into the timber again to try and
find the rest of the caribou herd.

If Pierre had followed the trail he would
haye got his caribou, and this story would
never have been written. For a while the
big bull continued at his mad pace, but ex-
haustion presently began to tell on him.
A caribou on the trot is almost tireless, but

-. on the jump, and in deep snow, the pace will

eventually get him.

This particular bull had also a bullet in
his intestines, and was bleeding badly in-
ternally. Presently, very much winded, he
lay down for a while, his great sides heaving,
and the steam rising from him like a cloud.
Quivering flanks and restless eyes told their
own story of pain and fear. What kind of an
enemy was this, unknown and unseen, that
burnt at one’s vitals, and sapped away one’s
strength? It is a peculiar thing how all
wild animals, when enfeebled with age, or
weak from sickness or wounds, will always

- some distance, until he struck Pierre’s snow-

714

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seek solitude. Although they cannot know
it as death, yet when the call comes to them
they leave the herd or the pack, and wander
into the deepest solitude, obedient to this
unknown voice inside them. And there the
will lie down quietly, awaiting the end.
It may be that their desire is to evade their
enemies, but it is invariably in solitude that
they go over the One-Way Trail. eo

Back in the timber the rest of the caribou
herd had their yard—a tangled maze of trails
and cross trails covering many acres—but
this particular bull made no effort toy rejoin
it, preferring instead the unbroken snow
ahead of him. ;

For a while the bull lay resting, the snow —
cool and soft against his burning sides, but
presently some instinct warned him to be
up and away again, and almost stiffly he
rose to his feet and moved off through the
timber. And the hardened snow where he
had lain was coloured red with fresh blood.

When the short winter’s day was nearly —
done, and the shadows were falling among ~
the trees, a big timber-wolf came working —
down the hillside. Almost noiselessly he
moved, so quiet, so grey in the half light that
one had to look again to be sure that he was ©
not just a moving shadow. His interest —
quickened as he struck the caribou track, |
and for some minutes he followed it along, _
sniffing at the snow where the great hooves ~
had sunk in. = : ae

Then some vague instinct told the wolf —
that this was no ordinary caribou track.
He turned, and followed the back-trail for

shoe tracks. At the scent of the man all
the hair on the wolf’s shoulders rose up stiffly,
and he moved round warily in the gloaming —
trying to puzzle out the half-breed’s mo
ments. At length, satisfied that the r
was nowhere in the vicinity, the wolf
took up the caribou trail, hair still raise

1 lips lifted to show
ong white teeth beneath them. |
Somewhere at the end of the trail was the

bull caribou—warm red meat and_ fresh
blood. By now the moon, almost full, was
___ beginning to rise. The cold was intense, and
now and again a tree would crack with the
frost, the noise sounding like the report of a
gun in the utter silence of the forest. Across
the valley a great horned owl hooted in-
terminably, his hoarse note mournful and
melancholy in the extreme. f
Like a thousand fairy bells the snow tinkled
musically under the wolf’s feet. But he
- paid no heed to it, nor to the bitter cold.
Hunger, long only half satisfied, was gnaw-
ing at his vitals, and at the end of the trail,
somewhere, sometime, was a meal.

When he came to where the big bull had
lain in the snow, the wolf stopped again.
His keen nose told him as exactly what had
happened as if he had seen the bull lying
there. Greedily he licked up the blood-
stained snow, and the taste of it seemed
to add fresh fuel to the fire of his relentless
energy. Less than a quarter of a mile ahead
the bull had rested again, and for a longer
time, and here there was more bloodstained
snow, much of it, and the glorious smell of
live caribou. }

Now that suspicion had given place to

- certainty, the wolf lifted up his voice, and
his hunting cry went singing through the
hills, a summons to the rest of the pack.
Hooo-ow-ow-ow! Hooo-ow-ow-ow!

This was answered from one, two, three
poimts, and in an unbelievably short space
of time a second wolf had joined the first.
The two followed the trail for a while, and
presently they were joined by two more

‘ wolves. The pack now went more cautious-

ly, for the big bull was not far ahead. In

: quick succession they passed several more

3

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*'

beds where their quarry had lain and rested,
and in each one the blood stains were larger
and fresher.

Just at what moment the caribou first
realized his danger I cannot tell you. But
where one minute the big bull had been rest-
ing, there the next minute he was standing
facing the approaching wolves. Here at
least was an enemy that could be smelt and
_ heard, and flight at least might bring escape.

Stiff with his long rest, and weak from his
wound, the bull moved off at a steady swing-
ing trot.

_. And now the wolves could hear him break-
_ ing the trail ahead of them, snorting with
fear and terror. Quickly the pack spread
_ out like a fan, two wolves slipping ahead to
turn their quarry. No sound they made
- now, no hunting cry to cause undue alarm.
_ The caribou glimpsed a wolf behind him,
heard another in front of him, saw that re-
_ treat was cut off, and realized that flight
was\ hopeless.

Bellowing with rage he charged the nearest
lf. As well attempt to catch a shadow.
The wolf slipped lightly away, and the big
bull wheeled, only just in time, for a second
Was snapping at his hamstrings. Fol-
d two or three minutes of wild panic.
volves seemed all around him, some
BC uietly on their tails, others con-

the |

the big bull was unable either to escape o
to defend himself properly. ag

With lowered head he charged again a
the most persistent of the wolves—a totter

ing crazy kind of charge, for the end was
The wolf retreated, and again
unsteadily. Then .

very near.
the bull charged, swayin
of a sudden he lurched forward onto his
knees, and never rose again.

Before even the bull was dead, the starving

wolves were tearing out great chunks of the ©
quivering flesh, and bolting it ravenously, —

hair and hide and all.

It.was some time before their hunger was" ie

appeased. They had lived for some weeks

within calling distance of starvation, and —

now that they had killed, they made the
most of their opportunity. A wolf can eat
at one meal enough to last him nearly a
week; and well the pack knew that little
would be left of the caribou before a week
was gone.

At length, however, it was obvious that —

their appetites were satisfied. First one, then
another, began walking round the carcase,
stiff legged, tail very erect, and lips raised
to show their teeth. One by one they slunk
away to sleep off their meal, each to his
own hidden den where the snow and the wind
couldn’t penetrate through to their dreams.
It must not be supposed, though, that the
wolves were alone of the forest folk in know-
ing of the caribou carcase. Even while
the pack were feeding, a dozen eyes were
watching them from the silence of the forest.
No sooner had the last of the wolves departed
than a white weasel approached the carcase.
His greedy little eyes lit up at once with an
unholy joy as he contemplated the meat,
and eagerly he seized a piece, pulling and
tugging feverishly in his haste to eat of it.
Then, so quickly that your eyes could hardly
have told when it had arrived, and a second
ermine was tugging at the meat.
ble began at once, and immediately the two
weasels were rolling over and over in the
snow, biting and clawing and squealing at
one another in their delirious hate. Meat
there was in abundance for them both, yet
such was their greed and bloodlust that each
wanted the whole carcase.

How long the fight would have continued
I shall never be able to tellyou. Suddenly
there was a rush of heavy wings in the air,
two startled squeaks from the weasels, and
a big owl bore them off in his claws, and

proceeded to devour them on the stump of’

a dead tree.

The next visitor was a marten. Drawn
from afar by the scent of the meat, he had
hunted too successfully to have any need to
eat more for the present. Having satisfied
his curiosity, he went off on his travels again,
though you can be quite sure that he would
return to the carcase as soon as the hunting
got poorer. And so during the night the
different forest folk, hunters and hunted,
visited the carcase and satisfied their hunger

The trou- —

7
716

or their curiosity, each one leaving a record
of their wanderings in the snow.

Here were the dainty lace like tracings of
countless mice; there a fox had come as close
to the carcase as he had dared; too suspicious
of some hidden trap to do more than sniff at
what might have been a safe meal.

The rabbits went crazy over it. The
bloodstains in the snow excited their poor
weak minds, and criss-cross, up and down,
the snow betrayed their aimless journeys.
The sun was just rising, herald of another
day of hunger and ceaseless Noe when
the two lynxes arrived. They had followed
the trail of the wolves for some distance,
probably knowing that there would be pick-
ings for them at the end of it. Two fine big
fellows they were, though hunger was mak-
ing them look smaller and gaunter than they
really were.

These two big cats had hunted and feasted
and starved together all the winter, and
according to all the laws of the woods, they
were partners tried and true.

Yet on reaching the carcase their actions
were exactly similar to those of the weasels,
each showing the same greed and beastliness.

The nearest lynx immediately grabbed
a mouthful of the now solidly frozen meat,
flattening back his tasselled ears, and growl-
ing deep in his throat, his stubby tail twitch-
ing excitedly.

His fellow hunter made an effort to reach
the carcase, but this was immediately frus-
trated. More surprised than angry, the
second lynx attempted to reach the meat
from a different direction, but again the
first lynx barred the way.

A MOUNTAIN FOR THE HALL

Paul A. W. Wallace

HEN her family went up to Banff,
Bobbie went up too. “For my health,”
he had said, applying to the firm fora

holiday. The management believed about
as much of that as they liked, but they let
him go. The young couple had ten days to
spend together, planning house-furnishings
for their home after the wedding. | '

She was fond of pictures and impulsive
in her tastes. Naturally, while in the Rock-
ies, she was seized with ‘a desire for moun-
tain scenes. :

“Dear,” she said (and the word was law),
“Dear, I want a nice mountain for the front
hall.”

This was on the fifth day of his vacation.

“Mt. Temple?’’ suggested Bobbie.

“Goodness, no!” she replied. “Temple
is too common. It’s in all the store-windows,
every one. I want a picture that is un-
usual—something striking, and grand, and
strange, and, oh, well, different. You know.”’

“TI know,” said Bobbie. “Something wild
and weird like this.”’ He fished through
an old magazine for an unnamed photograph

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

‘

- carcase, and the different tracks round it.

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He considered himself the owner of the
carcase, and, till he had gorged himself to
repletion, the second lynx must wait. Such P
plans, however, did not suit the second lynx
at all, and brushing past his companion he a
started to tear off great mouthfuls of the
frozen meat.

_ Then, suddenly, snarling and spitting just
like two domestic cats (whose civilization
really is only a thin veneer) the two lynxes
were rolling over and over in the snow, bit-
ing and clawing and squalling at one another.
It was a most ferocious fig t, and safe on
an overhead branch, a blue jay watched
them approvingly. Less afraid, a whisky
jack dropped lightly onto the carcase.

For some minutes the lynxes thrashed
round and round in the snow, their thick
coats protecting them from much actual
damage, each sparring for a successful open-
ing.

So engrossed were they in their battle that
neither of them noticed Pierre’s approach.
The blue jay vanished with a squack of al
but even this natural sentry of the wild
failed to warn them.

For a few minutes Pierre was too surprised
to shoot. Then, hurriedly pulling off his
thick mitts, he sent the smaller of the lynxes
rolling over with a bullet in its brain. Its
companion instantly sought refuge in the
nearest tree, looking down at the man and
snarling its rage and spite. For a few sec-
onds the half breed looked round, noting
with quick eyes the dead lynx, the caribou

Then he smiled broadly.
“This pretty damn good!” he said, as he
reloaded his rifle.

that had caught his attention in an article
on “The Hinterland of Canada.’ It was
a ghoulish thing to look at—a gigantic obelisk
of rock spuming in a torrent of clouds.

She drew in her breath ecstatically. ‘“‘Do
get that,” she cried.

“All right,” said Bobbie, “Ill get it.”

He tore out the picture and went about
searching for something like it in the stores.
He searched for hours in vain. The moun-
tain seemed unknown. At length a man in
a candy store who happened to be an alpinist
recognized it after a puzzled scrutiny,

“That must be Mt. Moloch,” he said.
“You will not find a picture of it on the
market. This cut was made from some
amateur print. The peak is almost un-
explored and has never been exploited in
professional photography at all.” ;

“Well,” said Bobbie, “‘I’ve got to get a
picture of it inside of five days. Whereis
the blamed mountain?” , date

‘*Twenty-five miles north of Albert Canyon. ~
There’s a trail part way. The rest is barbed
wire bush. Snow on the mountains will

_be in nasty condition just now. Are you
an experienced mountaineer?”
“Never can tell till you try,” responded
Bobbie illogically. ‘“‘Much obliged. Good
morning.” ‘
Winged with romantic ardor, Bobbie flew
to anedoarspher’s, bought a kodak, visited
a mountain outfitter, telegraphed to Glacier
for a Swiss guide, caught the train west, and
scribbled a valedictory which he posted at
Lake Louise. ;
Soon after daybreak, in company with
his guide, he was toiling up an old mountain
trail in the direction of Mt. Moloch. The
j ack on his shoulders was galling and his
breath came short. At ten o’clock, he lunch-

Se ee...

| ed on cheese, straightway regretted it, and
| camped early to recuperate. Consequently
; it was not until evening of the second day
j that they reached the overtowering cliffs
4 of Mt. Moloch. :
““We’re too low, tucked away in the valley
like this,” said Bobbie. “I must get higher
up on the north side, opposite the peak, for
, my photo.”
. ; But the fading light forced them to camp
\ where they were. Not until next morning
did sy TUDE up and climb. As they ascend-
ed, working their way up among the crevasses
of the glacier, the appearance of Mt. Moloch
slowly changed. It grew less and less square
and more and more pyramidal.
“Here iss a goot place,” said the guide.
“IT sink ze snow iss being very bad by ze
bergschrund.”’
Bobbie pulled out the crumpled magazine
cut. “Still too low,’ he said. ‘“‘Wé@ must
get up high where it looks like an obelisk.
The picture I want must have been taken
above here on the other side of the berg-
schrund.”’
’ “We can try it,’”’ said the guide.
The bergschrund was uncompromisingly

? bad. Its yawning gash stretched clear across
the width of the glacier, disclosing vast
blue halls with fluted columns of ice. The
upper edge overhung the lower. Snow from
above came avalanching down in hissing
streams.

“Dere iss going to be a storm, too,” re-
marked the guide suggestively.

“T want a_ storm,”
“T want a wisp of cloud on the peak.”
=, “A visp!”’ repeated the guide. ‘Gott im
mes Himmel, a visp of clouds ven it comes a

: blizzard! ‘You will see.”

__In an address on the protection ot bird
life, delivered recently be:ore the Com-

rected to the fact that the domestic cat is
one ot the most destructive enemies oi wild
birds. This contention is supported oy the
following quotation from a report by the
Massachusetts State of Board o: Agricullure.
t “Most people do not realize how destruc-
_ tive cats are to bird life because their atten-
_ tion has never been called to the 1acts and
because most feline depredations occur at
night. In my investigations much evidence
is been secured which is convincing. In
year 1903, at the instance of the secretary

responded Bobbie. .

mission of Conservation, attention was di-,

ed in time, Bobbie drove his ice-axe to the
head in the snow and looped the rope around
it. The guide was carried over the edge of
the bergschrund. The rope sprang taut.
It held. :
Then, from the depths, rose the guide’s —

muffled voice: ‘Just tie ze rope to ze axe
and go for your peecture. -keep cool.
Don’t be vasting time.” e..
Bobbie undid the rope from his body,
fastened it to the embedded axe, and strug- __
gled up the intervening slope to the ridge. __
Then the valley opened at his feet and, a
mile or so across the angle of it, stood the
weird obelisk knifing the contorted clouds. __
It was precisely the right view. <> i
In a second, Bobbie snapped the kodak.
He made three extra exposures to eliminate __
all possibility of error. As he turned to ;
descend, a swirl of snow followed him over
the ridge. Before he reached the _ berg-
schrund, he was fighting for breath in the
grip of the blizzard.

It required three hours of elaborate en-
gineering to rescue the guide, five hours to
discover a way off the glacier in blinding
wind and snow, and two more to reach camp.
After that, an exhausting day through wet
bush brought them in to the Canyon, where
they caught an express that was fortunately
four hours late.

Bobbie arrived in Banff at 3 a.m. of the
tenth day. He roused a photographer and
coaxed, threatened, and bribed the man
to sit up the rest of the night making a sepia
enlargement. Then he waited restlessly in
the hotel dining room for her appearance.

At ten o’clock, she came down to breakfast.
Bobbie laid Mt. Moloch gently on her plate.

“The picture, dearest,’ he said.

She held it up and frowned. ‘“‘What a
funny, grim old thing,” she said. “But,
Bobbie, oh, I’ve found the sweefest picture
of Mt. Temple. Let’s go out first thing
and buy it, dear, for the hall.”

“Do let’s,”” said Bobbie.

of the State Board of Agriculture, an inquiry
was undertaken regarding the decrease of
birds in Massachusetts. As a part of this
investigation a questionnaire was sent out
to some 400 correspondents, which was filled
out and returned by more than 200. In
response to a question regarding the effect
produced on birds by their natural enemies,
82 correspondents reported cats as very
destructive to birds. This was a much larger
number than those reporting any other
natural enemy as destructive. Nearly all
who reported on the natural enemies of birds
Sgeog the cat first among destructive ani-
mals.

’

THE RECTOR OF PRAIRIE GLEN, ALT?
BAGS A NICE FOOT RUG

hae

az,

S. Jones

—

pasture on acertain very raw November

day of last year, on the north-east
corner where the telephone line runs through
the field to the ranch buildings, you would
probably have noticed quite near the trail,
two specimens of that “porch climber’ of
the prairies: the coyote.

One was our friend Tony, a fine large
coyote with a good brush, and the other
fellow criminal, his travelling companion
of the moment, an under-sized scraggly fel-
low that went by the name of “The Runt.”

It was particularly disagreeable weather ;
a penetrating wind blew in gusts from the
north-west, cold from glacier ice. é

At intervals it snowed and rained: some-
times large flakes swirled down and one felt
the beginning of winter ; that certain grasp
that marks the end of struggling green things
and open water ; then this would cease sud-
denly and turn to a driving rain that left
no chink or corner dry.

The sky had a sullen and angry look, ragged
grey clouds with an occasional smear of dirty
yellow light seemed to pile up from horizon
to horizon until one felt they would close
in and choke him.

Tony sat on his haunches in the dead grass
some little distance away, and the Runt
stood motionless near the corner of the fence.

They looked up and down and behind them
from time to time with a noticeable lack of
interest, occasionally their sharp noses went
into the air with a keen sniffing, but there
was no hopefulness in it.

A coyote can’t wish. The family has been
for generation after generation such a steal-
ing, slinking type that they have forgotten
how to hope. They get their sustenance
in such a precarious manner, that at times
they are over-fed, while at others, they
are starving. If some rancher is careless
enough to let Black-Leg kill his steers, the
coyotes for miles around fare sumptuously
on the carcasses, but even then a carcase
may be poisoned and set out for them. Such
a scheme invariably leads to half a dozen of
them being laid out stiff, while others sit
gauntly on the surrounding hills, too wise
to take the bait, but too hungry to leave
the scent of it.

What a coyote eats has to be stolen with
great personal danger to himself, or hap-
hazardly dead and scented. If he is hungry
enough he will gather two or three of his kind,
slink around the edges of a herd of cattle
until a calf strays, then with cleverly con-
certed movements, herd it off out of sight
and tear it down.

He has another trick of hiding in some
long grass near a farm and waiting until
the turkeys stray far enough away, and he
has a further gift that makes humans hate

H*: you been passing Jaspar Brown’s

7S . Fe

718

him. If, say, Mrs. Brown has a particularly
fine bunch of turkeys about ready for the
market, having spent hours of her time
and taken the immeasurable pains necessa

to rear turkeys—if, I say, she has these all
ready, and inadvertently leaves the door
of their quarters open for one single night,
something tells a coyote about this and
though he may be twenty-five miles away
he gets the eg 9 and acts accordingly.

He is intensely disliked, and no one pin
the slightest compunction at killing him at
any time or by any means possible.

We admire the flight of a Jack Rabbit,
the inquisitiveness, of a chipmunk gives us
a thrill and a deatl robin excites us to pity,
but we never look at a coyote without desir-
ing to destroy him. His very walk marks
him for what he is, an incorrigible sneak thief.

These particular two coyotes were not on
the look-out for danger to-day; this was
not the kind of weather that travellers pack-
ed a rifle ready for instant use.

A horse and buggy appeared over the rise
from the west. The single occupant was
hunched down behind his overcoat collar
in an attitude of patient endurance as the
dripping farm horse and conveyance splash-
ed and sucked through the muddy ruts.
On it came, turned the corner south and
laboriously climbed a hill on the other side,
stood out in blurred relief for a moment
against the sky, then disappeared.

A pair of Teal appeared from nowhere,
split the atmosphere in a sharp circle and
dropped quietly into a diminutive slough,
looked about once and with a gentle rustle
of water rose and disappeared again. This
was no place for a Teal.

A whirring, grinding noise was heard in
the distance ; it stopped for a few minutes
and suddenly started again more furiousl
than ever. Tony peered into the rain wit
his pupils like needle points.

He saw a curtained automobile stagger .

over the rise and gain momentum as it came
towards them down the slope. It wobbled
anid slewed through the mud under low
géar, curtains flapping and the rain blowing
off it in misty gusts. As it approached,
the troubled features of the driver could
be discerned through the shield gripping

his wheel with set muddy features. To

judge from his expression one would say
that he was imploring something to let him
go two more miles, or perhaps it was only
one mile or a fraction thereof. He seemed
to be saying to himself, “If I can once get

this home again I am through with auto-

mobiling forever.

This was Hank Blossom’s shooting party — 3
returning from Reed Lake, some thirty miles

away.

A a ee ACSC Be
ea * ‘ £36 pig vee t bs a

wa we ‘
thy os y $7

-——s- Yesterday at noon they had started from

__ Prairieglen bristling with guns and loaded
' to the breaking pomt with tents, ammuni-
tion, victuals and dogs ; so completely and
comfortably were they equipped for the
expedition that Hank was obliged to grasp
his drive wheel through the legs and around
the bedy of a large Chesapeak retriever,
which as the party progressed insisted on
standing in his lap and endeavoring to place
its front feet in Hank’s face. : ‘

The passenger in the front seat with him
had one foot resting on a large case, his knee
a his chin, while his other leg hung out-
side. '

_ The two in the rear seat were elevated to
a precarious height on the top of the tent,
extra coats, blankets, ammunition etc., hold-
ing on to another retriever by main strength.
But were they downhearted?—No. A roar
of laughter greeted the ear as Ezra Holden
came out of his harness shop and made again
that very familiar remark: “Now boys,
don’t kill *em all, leave a few out there for
breeding purposes.”

I said they had left at noon. To be accur-
ate it was on a Friday noon, and this history
commences at Saturday noon. If the reader
is interested we might say that Hank Blos-
som’s party did not get to Reed Lake at
all. A record of the trip for which they
had accumulated such a complete outfit
and taken such pains to be comfortable on,
was, as it is sometimes described a “chapter
of accidents.”

When they had been gone a very few

minutes, Hank’s retriever became violently’

ill and either had to be let run as best he could
or held forcibly on the running board. Then
when they were making fair progress under
this encumbrance, a tire went flat and after
being pumped up three times in two miles,
the spare casing and a new tube was put
in which blew out.

This had barely been put in order when a
tinkling sound was heard on the road; a
sickening noise came from underneath and
the car stopped. The engine went on madly,
mind you, but no pushing of the pedals or
jerking of the levers had any effect on the
movement of the vehicle itself.

Someone said: ‘Get off and build a fire
under her,” and after a silence another who
was apparently more moved by the serious-
ness of the situation remarked, “Did you
hear that noise on the trail Hank? It sound-
ed like a nut falling off.”

This enquiry seemed to break the hypnotic
state of the party. Hank shut off the engine
and they got down on the trail.

Hank then took off his coats and hat,
pulled up his sleeves and went under. After
what appeared an indefinite length of time
he commenced swearing savagely at some-
one in the Prairieglen garage. It was quite
apparent that some responsible individual
had purposely done something or had left
something undone.

a “S’matter Hank, is anything busted?”

“Busted, busted, why all the bolts have
come out of the gear pinion. Where did
u hear that tinkling sound, Milt? Get
y on the trail there, you ginks, and see
ou can locate any of them there bolts.”

TF Grae. At
; se ot ae oS ai ;
One was found, probably the —
out, and by this time night had settle r
and it commenced to rain,

It rained unceasingly, and further it
ed to be raining from all directions.
beaten trail turned into a thick greasy |
and Hank and his helper, who held a sm
piece of candle, (this automobile was not
proves with what is known as a trouble —
amp, an excellent device I am told design-
ed for occasions of this sort), lay on their ~
backs in the paste and put the found bolt —
and two more taken from some other part —
of the engine into the gear pinion. aa

“That’s the best I can do to her,” said
Hank coming out. “If she’ll hold on them ~
three bolts going up Spanner’s hill we’re all
O. K. Git the chains out boys.” aa

But why go on with these details? Any-
one of us no doubt has a friend who owns
a touring car, and has gone through ex-
periences of this sort. We don’t claim that —
this is the worst that ever happened to an ©
sito party. If this reminds the
reader of a like experience, let him out with
it. We did not set out to chronicle the
events of Hank Blossom’s shooting party. —
We merely mention it as an incident in these -
records, and to cut out the most harrowing
portion of their journey to Reed Lake, it —
will be sufficient to say that after a great
deal of cranking they got under way again
and made another quarter of a mile, where
Hank owing to the eek aimming at a very
critical piece of road, let the front wheels
slip over the side of a steep piece of grading
and aitched the car in such a complete man-
ner that it was unanimously decided to leave
it tnere until daylight. Then fortunately
owing to its being a very light type of car
they were able after unloading it, to get it
back on the trail without going back miles
for a team ; and now as before stated they
were approaching the corner of Brown’s
pasture on their way back.

At this juncture one of the guests who
had left the day before with 250 rounds of
ammunition for his personal use, and visions
of countless ducks and geese described as
being at Reed Lake, and who had, nrac-
tically speaking, had his gun in his hand for
twenty-four hours without seeing a feather, —
as the saying goes, spied the poor little runt
as the car came abreast of him.

“Hold up Hank. Stop! There’s a coyote.
Gimme a shell, Gimme a shell quick.” ‘
The flap opened, and the muzzle of a
double barrelled twelve bere breech load-
er, with both hammers cocked and the safety
off levelled itself at the Runt; but at the
moment of pulling the triggers, someone
shifted weight in the car and both charges
simultaneously fired did nothing but kick up
a splattering shower of mud two feet to the -
right of the object they were meant to have
turned into a sieve. s
A hoarse, cynical laugh followed this ~
latest fiasco and the gunner was told in
distinctly unpleasant tones to put his gun ~
away and forget it, this party was going
home ; and the majority wanted no further.
delays. As a penalty he was told to get
out and crank the car. He did so in ankle
deep mud ; the clutch was thrown in and

a

Vd

720

the plastered vehicle slogged down the trail
with its load of saturated misery, a piece
of chain smashing at the mud-guard with
monotonous persistency at every revolu-
tion of the rear wheels.

As we have no further concern with the

Blossom expedition, dear reader, we will
bid them adieu at this corner. It might be
recorded that they got back to Prairieglen
in safety and that no evil résults ensued
from the privations suffered by them on
their ill-fated excursion.
' Now you marked the actions of Tony and
the Runt when the latter came so near to
losing his precarious life. A third coyote
appeared among them, who had probably
been lying hidden and unnoticed.

With tails down and gathering speed,
they flew at diverging angles until in a few
moments they were swallowed up in the
rain, and the color scheme of their surround-
ings. A pair of glasses properly focussed
would have revealed them a mile away still
' running, but slacking speed occasionally to
look behind for a possible pursuer, then
running on again, in case there was one that
could not be seen.

One would have judged them to be far apart
and completely out of touch with each other
in the ppete of a short time, but this was
apparently not the case, for inside the half
hour, Tony sneaked round the corner of
the cotton-woods on Brown’s big hill and
without once looking and with no uncer-
tainty as to direction he descended a quar-
ter of a mile to a small coulee, where the
other two seemed to be waiting for him.

The conversation they had there reader
will not be repeated in these pages, it was
anarchistic and blasphemous, and the hu-
man race was scored without reserve.

When this indignation meeting was over ;
with actions that seemed to be of the nature
of habits, they trotted off together to the
last, one of them occasionally mounting
a hill for observation purposes. Over plough-
ing, through stubble fields and around sloughs
they continued, for nine miles; and then
mounting a long gentle rise they stood and
surveyed through the mist of rain, a fair-
- sized prairie lake, well known in these parts

as Maynard’s Lake.

Maynard’s Lake is a peculiar one. You
never look at it but you wonder what it is
doing there and why it doesn’t run off into
somewhere ; the country it lies in is so flat.
It is perhaps a mile across at the widest
point and probably five miles long, and
running out into it just in front of where
our friends stand, is a long tongue of land,
a couple of hundred yards wide at the base
and narrowing gradually until it comes to
a sharp point just twenty yards from the
opposite shore. +

t is the favorite shooting ground of Prairie-
glen sportsmen, the opening morning of the
shooting season at it being dangerous both
to man and beast, and every few hundred
feet along the point, hides of stones and
weeds have been constructed from which
to shoot the wild duck as he passes over
a flight.

In the bays on both sides of the point
Tony and his friends saw sights that made

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ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

SA AR ae ok BEE!
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them figure and calculate as they had ‘often
done before to no purpose. There were
ducks dotting the water and shores in hun-
dreds, a dozen swan and a flock of grey
geese were banded in a patch that looked
an acre, and further out a great flock of
waveys floated resembling very much a
patch of clean snow. 4

They were all gathered nere from the
smaller sloughs and breeuing places of the

rairies for a final chatter and pluming of
eathers. Maybe to-night will crust the
lake with ice and to-morrow not a sign of
bira life will be seen. Their battalions in

reat lines and V’s will be speeding south.
o-aay is the day of aays at Maynaru’s Lake.

There was no covered approach for our
friends to work down, so flat and gradual
is the slope of the shores on all sides and
they. haa known this before coming. The
object of their visit was not to get live birds,
but to sneak along the shores ana gather
in ducks that had been maimed in the shoot-
ing, wingea biras and others that haa been
hurt ana blown up on the shore to aie, and
many a mucn needed meal haa tney obtain-
ed in this manner after sun-set when the
shooting was done.

After considerable scouting by all hands,
the Runt was the first to raise a entpe
it got a start on him and went squacking
towards the water. He headed it off in
his best manner and it flapped in the oppos-
ite direction and when finally laden, jad
him well out on the point.

Tony looked at the Runt and whined, but
the Runt was starving and he proceeded
to make nis meal where he caught it, and
as luck would have it, at this juncture a
horse and buggy, bearing two mufiled figures
jogged into sight and headed straight for
the point.

There was another scatteration of coyotes,

but the Runt instead of coming back, lost .

his head and ran at opposite poles to the
danger, which took him further up the point.
His communications were cut off unless he
swam the channel or.took to water, and a
coyote hates water.

The buggy was already on the point and
the two passengers were feverishly making
suspicious preparations. A tremendous honk-
ing came from the geese. Ducks rose in
clouds from both bays, turned down the
lake and sped back again over the point.
The sky seemed teeming with feathered life,
but in a short while with a setting of wings
they rocketed to the water or decoyed to
more distant shores.

The honking from the wily geese came ;

fainter and fainter as they put distance
between themselves and their disturbers and
the Runt felt very much alone and troubled.

But wait reader, who were these two per-
sons? What sane men would leave their
firesides on a bleak November day and ven-
ture forth to a desolate prairie slough of
muddy shores and weed-grown water? at
profit or pleasure could there be in this for-
saken landscape? ;

We shall have to go back a little, back to
the town of Prairieglen, Alberta, and com-
mence at the time of noon probably very
close to the moment when the individual in

=

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4

Wb vipcley Ste! " ia
he rT. = REC oa F
_ THE RECTOR 0

Tu vie yA

ea ee i eee mat ee 4 ae x .
Jake Al a shooting party
charges at the Runt.
_ There is the Prairieglen Rectory on the
- corner of Third Street West and the Mac-
Leod trail, back of Jacobson’s Sale and Feed

~ Stables, the Reverend Horatio P. Jelly-
bottle, Rector of St. Stephen’s Episcopal
Church of Prairieglen was partaking of his
lunch, and laying out material for shooting
between bites. He was a small and very
spare man, a tmfle bald, and when at times
he clumped-to the window in his overlarge
rubber boots and looked at the forbidding
landscape, a rather impatient frown settled
on his clerical features.

He took off his glasses, polished them
quickly on his red neckerchief, stuck them
on the bridge of his nose and peered at the
sky with an anxious peers look, as if the
ay were trying to cheat him out of some-
thing.

The telephone rang, which startled him so
that he knocked over his stand of pipes and
tobacco in his attempt to get around it.
very hopeful, “Are you there?’ with the
accent on the ‘are,’ was followed by a sub-
dued, “‘Oh, yes, of course, Mrs., ss—Mrs.,
ss—but I shawn’t—I shawn’t—Oh yes, of
course, quite so—quite so, but I shawn’t,
I shawn’t be at the Rectory this awfternoon.
No, I shawn’t be here, I shall be busy this
awiternoon, very sorry, yes beastly, very
sorry, yes, but I shawn’t be here.” He
hung up the receiver, looked at it for a mo-
ment, went to move off when the bell rang
again.

“TI say, are you there?—-yes, this is Jelly-
bottle—Oh, I say, is that you Delaney?
I was expecting you. I’m just lunching,
yes, beastly weather. What?—not going?—
not going?—Oh I say my dear fellow I’m
all ready. What?—Spoofing me?—Spoofing
me?—Awh I thought as much—five min-
utes—five minutes, I shall old chap, I shall.
Ta, Ta,’ and going to the luncheon table
in two joyous strides he poured out of the
pint bottle what remained of his milk, “the
was a man of frugal habits” drank it at one
clerical gulp, put his last three sardines be-

* tween his last two soda biscuits, grasped it

4 firmly and proceeded to put on his over-
clothes, keeping at all times a careful look
eae window in fear he might be left be-

A
a.
4 Sharp on the five minutes Mr. Archibald
a Delaney’s equipage drew up in the large
ool of water in front of the rectory gate.
- It consisted of an open buggy of an unrecent
a and a very serviceable horse.
pe e horse was well fed and showed
i that Mr. Delaney was not one who skimped
= on feed, but it was not the picture of con-
tentment and ra Sapesie that well fed animals
are supposed to be ; in fact to-day it appear-
ed a trifle discontented with its lot. One
could almost imagine it saying unflattering
things about its owner and his friend the
rector. Its attitude seemed to suggest that
it had been through many painful journeys
of this nature before and might possibly see
this one completed, but that not to try its
owers of resistance too hard.
Mr. Archibald Delaney was one of the
st known citizens of Prairieglen, having

fired two

oh ERIN Cae ae

*

’
+
4

.zeal. As it was nobody could ever fin

RAIRIE GLE

resided at or near the town for some
five years. In fact he was one of the pior
of this district having come in with his fan
ily to take up land and farm. He cam f
before the railroad; and when the railroad
did come, an agent came to Mr. Delaney
and asked him if he would sell his farm.
This appealed to him so strongly that he
did so without delay, and with considerable
advantage to himself from a monetary stand- —
point. Then having for once in a long while —
a surplus of assets over liabilities he decided —
to move into town and as he put it “look —
about, before settling on going into any ~~
particular line of business.” % ee.

After looking about for a number of months ie s
and not settling on anything, Mr. Delaney
decided he needed a change, and boarding —
with his family, the very handy train they
departed for their old home town of Oshawa,
Ontario to look up old friends.

The only old friend in Oshawa who would ~
speak to him was a teamster from Sault Ste.
Marie, who had been out of work for months. |
This teamster had once gone to Alberta on~
a harvesters’ excursion and Mr. Delaney
had met him at a neighbor’s farm where
he had a job during the threshing season ©
and had not seen him since.

As this teamster kept coming to Mr. De-
laney from time to time for loans of money,
he shortly became so bored with his old home
town that he packed up bag and baggage
and returned to Prairieglen, Alberta. And
then what did he do? Why he went into the
real estate business of course, everyone was
in it. Did. he make his fortune at this?
He did not. The fact of the matter was
that Mr. Delaney was not cut out for the
real estate business. If there had been
such a thing as say a profession of duck and
grouse shooting, or a “calling,” of fishing,
Mr. Delaney could have gone into either or
both of these and in a short time stood at
the head of his profession, a pillar of untirin

is a

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" ‘i >
BPE Pel ee et tg ear Poe, | eae aes ner Fen,

him to do business, especially at his office,
and another little thing I want to say about
Mr. Delaney before I tinish, is this: On his
business sign in front of his office on Third
Street are words to the affect that he handles,
Real Estate, Insurance, and that he has
money to loan. : Lest anyone should be de-
ceived by this latter statement we can state
on authority that Mr. Delaney has no money
to loan. What money Mr. Delaney had
went long ago; everybody knows it, some
to their sorrow.

It is true that if one goes to him to borrow
he can write out certain claims and repre-
sentations for borrowing and send him away
to some distant place where there is money,
but even then they don’t take your signed
statements or Mr. Delaney’s signed recom-
mendations as being in order. In fact when 4
Mr. Delaney sends away his recommendations p
for money it seems to start numerous in-

a

iB is “slots ao oe,

Stra s

vestigations over the interested parties’ head, a
which have in some cases led to the discredit
of Mr. Delaney and the other party involved. F

Mr. Delaney’s attitude to these distant on
parties who have money is, get it out of them
if you can, but if you can’t, why there has
been no harm done in trying.’ ~The trifling

eg TY

722

tail and sped straight at them.

struck the Runt’s hide.

*%

’ >

commission he charges for his share in the
transactions of course, amounts to a mere
nothing.

The Rev. H. P. Jellybottle crammed the
last of his soda biscuit and sardine sandwich
into his mouth, tried to speak and couldn’t,
but looked something over his glasses, stepped
boldly into the mud and water in his lon
boots, pressed down his round flat clerica
hat until it looked as though it sat on his
turned up collar, and climbed to his share
of the seat. Mr. Delaney flapped the reins
at his horse and they are off.

Now as it is just short of seven miles to
Maynard’s Lake from the rectory, and pro-
gress necessarily slow, the trails being in a
shocking condition and Mr. Delaney’s horse
not being of the racing type, with the read-
er’s permission we will pass quickly over
the journey and commence at the juncture
where these two drove down and caught
the Runt at so great a disadvantage.

“Oh I say, Delaney,—there’s a_ beastly
coyote, there’s two of them, what? By
Jove, Delaney, there’s one on the point.
We shall have him Delaney. We shall have
him.”

They dismounted hurriedly. Mr. De-
laney threw the rubber lap robe over his

horse as though he was throwing it on a.

post. Guns were excitedly put together
and one taking each side of the point they
advanced towards the Runt. ;
The Runt’s actions were distinctly panicky.
With his sharp ears set forward and his
mean little eyes shining, he races to the end
of the point. The channel confronted him
and he sped half way back, stopped and
studied the approaching figures, and went»
through the same manoeuver again. Then
he walked into the water toe-deep, held up
one leg and whined at the distant shore,
turned again, and apparently coming to a
decision, ran towards the oncoming figures
in a series of short spurts and pauses, and
linally nerving himself put down his ears and

Mr. Delaney fired iirst. A—rip—was
heard as the burning number six pellets
He was too much
occupied to squeal, and judging he had
located the danger, he changed direction
and made straight for the Rev. Mr. Jelly-
bottle, trying to get by him on the narrow
strip between the reverend gentleman and
the water. The reverend gentleman had

had a steady bead drawn on the Runt from

Mr. R. S. Nelson of Orillia sends the fol-
lowing items for Medicine Bag department:

“On October 3rd Mr. Alf. Bard shot and
killed a good sized lynx on his farm four miles
from Orillia. The animal had evidently
been harboring in the swamp around Bass
Lake and apparently was out for a bit of a
run when Mr. Bard’s dog got wind of him
and sent him flying up a nearby tree. Upon
hearing the racket Mr. Bard brought
out his httle Stevens .32 R. F. mfle and
one well directed bullet brought Mr. Lynx

Jee
$a53

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ROD AND GUN IN CANAD

f Wiis Ss.

the moment his intentions were apparent _
and when the poor fellow arrived at the near-
est point he pressed both triggers. %

Now we will leave it to the reader fora — a

decision. Was the Runt a coward for re-
fusing the water? Or was he brave when
knowing full well the danger he came down if
the point? ee

“Bagged him—Bagged him, old chap, got
him—got him.” What? shouted the Rev.
Mr. Jellybottle, joyously. &

“You haven’t got much of him at that
ae replied Mr. Delaney in a tit of laugh-
er.

“I say, do come over Delaney, he looks
awfully large for a coyote. By Jove, I be- :
lieve he’s a timber wolf.”

There was no reply to this as the reports
again having disturbed the ducks, the Rev.
Mr. Jellybottle turned to see his friend
wobbling down the point as quickly as he
was able to his favorite hide.

The sport enjoyed by these two gentle-
men that November day would make another
story and the discomfort suffered through
the inclemency of the weather, though great,
was greatly overbalanced by a very fine
bag of ducks of all kinds.

The remains of the Runt were taken home
to the Rectory that evening greatly to the
amusement of Mr. Delaney, and the next
day after morning service the Rev. Mr.
Jellybottle removed the pelt and despatch-
ed it by first mail to Calgary for mounting.

And now, patient reader, we will close
this record, but should you by any chance
ever visit the little town of Prairieglen,
Alberta, and, being of the Episcopal de- :
nomination, be paying your respects at the
rectory, the Rev. H. P. Jellybottle in show-
ing yee his trophies, will no doubt go to his
small bed room off the dining room, and
bring out from where it lies beside his clerical
couch in just the correct position where he
may put his clerical feet on it when he gets’
out of bed mornings, the mounted skin of
the Runt. It is a handsome piece of fur in
its natural greyish, yellow coloring, mounted
on a richly colored purple felt mat, with nicely
pinked round edges, and if you will run your
hand over it to a certain point you will find
the large hole or holes where the effective

charge entered the body. j
And if you have had your doubts on the :
point this will be convincing evidence that ‘

the Runt died no long lingering death. .

to the grovnd shot clean through the heart,

“Tt is a long time since any of these animals
have been seen around these parts and when
taken into town to be stuffed and mounted —
the animal was the centre of attraction to a
large number of people. The lynx weighed
22 pounds. a5

“Bass fishing has been exceptionally good
of late in Lake Couchiching, many Orillia
sports having bagged some beautiful catches. —
The fish are found around the limestone rocks —
near Geneva Park.”

F.V. Williams

complement of winter cover and it was a

heavy installment. The snow lay two
feet deep in places and where the wind had
piled up the drifts it was four or even six feet.
Here in the heavy timber it was a foot or
fourteen inches. It was wonderful, this white
blanket, in more ways than one. It left
the telltale tracks of the woodfolk for their
enemies to follow, but it also had its advan-
tages. It took a clever hunter indeed to get
within striking distance of the little folks of
the woods for with the white back ground a
dark object especially a moving one, was
visible at a distance. that gave a good ad-
vantage to those who had to trust to their
legs for safety.

A long shadow went floating across the
snow. ‘There was no sound, absolutely none,
but presently from out a small thicket a man
emerged. He was going carefully, this man,
and he carried a heavy twelve gauge double
barreled gun. He evidently knew, or thought
he knew that he was in good game country
as he scrutinized every bush, tree, and hum-
mock. It took him a full twenty minutes to
travel perhaps one hundred yards, and now
he stopped right at the foot of a tree that had
been up-rooted years before. It lay at an
angle that one could easily have walked up
had there been occasion, while below and a
little to one side a bigger tree lay flat, the
trunk reaching quite across a small hollow
or depression in the snow covered ground.

The hunter had stopped, and was gazing
fixedly at the end of the down log some sixty

| es North woods had received its first

723

feet away. Slowly he raiscd his right hand,—
the while watching the log,—and catching
the mitten of this hand in his teeth he pulled
it off and let it fall. The noise of the falling
mitten was hardly audible but with a mighty
whirr-r-r-r 0: wings a partridge hurtled up and
away and before the hunter could shove tor-
ward the safety on his shotgun a second bird
rose but alighted on a stup a short distance
away.

Bump! Crash! Boomp! the bewildered
hunter stood frozen to inaction by the sur-
prise of it all, as a big buck bounded out of
a small bunch of firs to the left of where he
stood and went bounding away, his white
flag showing out sharply against the tree
trunks, as he bounded over fallen logs and
underbrush and finally disappeared away over
toward theswamp. When the startled hunter
finally got his wits together to look about
again even the partridge had vanished.

“Gee, that was an old walloper though,
wish’t I had the rifle!’’ and then he turned off
in the direction the birds had taken and not
so long afterward the roar of the twelve gauge
told the story of partridge for Christmas
dinner at any rate.

The big buck had been lying down in the
fir thicket, not exactly in the thicket, but ina
small bunch of second and third year growth
on the edge of the aforesaid tangle. This
was a favorite lookout of his and he had used
it so often that he quite regarded it as safe.

As the hunter had approached his hidin
place that morning a slight current of air ha
brought the man smell to his sensitive nos-

724

trils, but save the turning of his wonderful
head there had not been a movement to be-
tray his presence. As the hunter advanced
the buck merely foliowed him with his eyes
but as the first partridge whirred away an

the hunter stopped the big deer rose silently
to his feet, and the next instant made a bolt
for the swamp away to the left, as we have
before remarked.

Safely in the shelter of the swamp tangles
pemad picked his way daintily here and there
and the sound of a shot or two in the distance
merely caused him to throw forward his big
ears to listen intently for a few seconds, after
which he would resume his feeding. s

Along toward noon he left the lower levels
of the swamp and climbed to an elevation that
in summer, or at least in the spring, would in
all probability have been an island. From
here he could look away on all sides for some
distance. It was an ideal lookout and after
the morning’s experiences he was more w
than was his usual custom. This big buc
had not arrived at his size and stage of craft-
iness through mere good luck, far from it.
He had seen his mother shot when he was
scarcely weaned by a hunter who was not only
shooting out of season, but who had shot a
doe, which same were supposed to be pro-
tected the year round. ‘The wild terror in his
mother’s eyes as she had vainly tried to regain
her feet, the rush forward of the man animal
after the report of the heavy rifle, all these
things remained with him for weeks and night
after night he would start up all atremble as
the vision of that experience came back to
him in his dreams. Now that he was older
the lesson still remained, but instead of panic,
it was craftiness and stealth that he always
resorted to to fool his enemies, and his fine
set of antlers and well fed trim looking body
were evidences of his success. . A chick-a-dee
flitted over to the tree directly next to him,
doing acrobatic stunts that pleased even the
big buck, as he leisurely watched the antics
of the little fellow looking for his dinner on the
frozen twigs and branches of the trees. Chick-
a-dee-dee-dee, and then dee dee, as he hun
up-side down and tipped his black RapPe
head to peer into a bit of frozen moss. Chick-
a-dee-dee-dee and then ‘Snap’. A dry branch
po omg out there in the swamp somewhere.

e small feathered visitor went his wa

to the next likely looking tree and the deer all ,

attention watched the swamp. Yes sure
enough! another twig snapped and then was
heard the unmistakable crunch, c-r-u-n-c-h,
of the half crusted snow under the clumsy
footsteps of something evidently on evil
intent,—else why would it be skulking through
the woods so carefully? A movement over to
the left among the tree trunks caught the big
buck’s attention, and as he looked a man
animal with one of those queer ‘‘noise sticks”
in his hand came out from behind a tree and
after looking cautiously about went forward
to the next tree. This was repeated for some
ten mintues. Had the deer known it this
hunter was out after just such as he, and had
the hunter known the largest buck in all the
big range was standing stock still watching
him he would probably have had ‘buck
fever’ and emptied his magazine rifle into the
surrounding timber, or he might possibly

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

vee Vie fa he Cee Ott ed eat A Ae
I AAI aay Si eC IR
va thas PT te aA Fa ae

have been one of the cooler breed who wouk
have slowly turned about and with a quic
accurate aim sent the buck’s finish along at
the rate of two thousand feet per second or
more in the shape of a high power bullet.
However none of these things happened, but
as the deer watched, and the man hunted, a
certain foolish partridge who had been look-
ing over the evergreen bushes in the swamp
for a few buds for luncheon suddenly espied
the man, and instead of booming away to
safety on his sturdy wings, which would have
given him a safety guarantee against the man
with the rifle he raised his topknot, looked
about, took two or three uncertain steps, and
with a phwt, phwt, phwt, phwt, ran on ahead
of the man creature until he found the shelter
of a bit of old root where once upon a time a
rice | had been. Dropping down behind
this he stretched his neck to its utmost to
have one more look at this curious creature
who walked so carefully, and withal so
clumsily, as if he were searching for some-

taea

e two legged creature had stopped and
now he crouched down, but the partridge
fully forty-five or thirty feet away felt no
alarm at this manoeuvre as he felt perfectly
sure no animal could spring that far. So he
stretched up his neck,—if that were possible—
a full inch farther. There was a spurt of
flame, and the game ended as far as the part-
ridge was concerned, for as the deer watched
from his shelter with dilated eyes, and dis-
tended nostrils and nerves that were all a-
tingle at the report of the rifle, he saw the two
legged creature rise and run forward quickly
to where the partridge had been, and stooping
over he picked up that fowl-minus the head—
and attached him to the leather band about
ie middle, which was known to the man as his

elt.

This was no place for a perfectly good
healthy deer and the big fellow knew it. His
going away from that spot was as noiseless—
you may believe me or not—as the slight
breeze that approaches you and of whose
pressure you are aware merely as it fans your
cheek or perhaps rustles an occasional leaf
on a branch above your head. That much
noise be made and no more; and in the space

-of the next fifteen minutes the buck put a

distance between himself and this hunter that
even the high power rifle could not have
covered. ‘

Back, away back, straight into the timber
he went, and the long aisles between the heavy
timber began to be filled with much brush,
around this clump, and through that one. He
seemed to know every crook and turn in this
seemingly endless tangle of underbrush and
tall timber. Once he stopped and watched
old ‘Quills’ the porcupine, as he lazily wad-
dlea about like unto a fat man taking an early
morning walk, not because he wanted to, but
as ifit wereaduty. The deer even attempted
to make friends, but ‘Quills’ was in a bad mood
and at the deer’s playful approach he whirled
suddenly about and struck a vicious slap with
his spiked tail. This was an insult, and the
buck turned and slipped away leaving the
surly porcupine to his own devices.

From the edge of the wood to the shores

of the small lake was perhaps two hundred ~

yards. The sun being well down toward the
western horizon caused the timber to throw
‘ a shadow that reached nearly to the water’s
edge across the intervening shore that was
covered with bunches of alder, an occasional
small birch, and here and there a big windfall,
dead giants of the long ago. The whole was
covered with the white mantle of King winter.

Tracks there were, numbers of them, rabbit,
squirrel, a partridge, and yes here was the
track of old Reynard himself, but it went
straight on as if he had business elsewhere.

At one point the lake remained open near
the shore—sure signs of a good spring on the
bottom—and near this point the long shad-
ows were creeping. As the sun sank lower
the shadows ventured even farther and pre-
sently they extended at least a third of the
way across the lake.

A blue jay back there in the shadow began
to swear about something that had evidently
disturbed his preparedness for the night, as his
voice was_ extraordinarily harsh and vindic-
tive. Still farther in the gloom of the wood
had you looked closely you would have seen
something move, and this something was our
friend the big buck. He was taking no
chances. He had seen too much this day to
become careless for even a minute, and now
that the heavy shadows of the coming night
had spread a half curtain over his retreat he
came forward across the open places fairly
confident that he was safe. Arriving at the
water’s edge he stood quite still, studied the
opposite shore of the small lake, then the
nearby shrubbery, satisfied at last he took a
long drink, another inspection of the land-
scape, now nearly aark, and then he took to
browsing off the smaller twigs and branches
of some of the smallertrees. ._

That ve aa he slept in perfect security in a
dense thicket back a half mile 1rom the pond,
and the next morning at daylight he was mov-
ing down along the ridge that he had followed
the day beiore in journeying to this retreat.

The cold grey dawn of the December day
was broken by a faint flush of rose colored light
in the East, and an hour’s time sufficed to
light the woodland even in the most dense
thickets. Nibbling about on the sprouts and
tender branches on the outskirts of one of
these hiding places a familiar scent smote his
nostrils. The big fellow tossed his head,

stamped his fore feet impatiently, and a
second or two later a large doe and a small
spike buck stepped daintily out into sight and
with scarcely a look in his direction.. started
browsing. The larger deer on his part paid
but slight attention to the others, but as they
fed it was noticeable that all three moved in
the same direction and had one come upon
them in the course of the next hundred yards
he would have said he had seen a bunch of
three deer, so close together were they travel-
ing.

At noon they were some miles distant from

the morning’s start and they lay down in a bit
of a sunny glade where the snow was not so
very deep among a bunch of small firs and had

a long rest. Then they resumed their jour-

_ hey swinging back in a wide circle toward the

little lake with the open water. The sun was

: ain dropping toward the horizon when the

ah hree reached the edge of the wood wherein

they had been travelling. There was ano
stretch here that in summer was probab!
a bit of woodland mead ow, but now was sim
ly an expanse of snow a half mile long an
perhaps a quarter of a mile wide with not
track breaking its glistening surface. _
Had the big buck been in the lead he woul
have skirted the opening keeping safely within —
the shadow of the trees, but he was not, and

is nose, then looked to the right and left of
where he stood, leisurely surveying the whole
panorama before him.

The spurt of flame that stabbed the gloom ~
of woods three hundred yards to the right of —
where the big deer stand was followed by a
sound that might make one think of a bull
frog’s dive in a quiet pool on a still night. It
sounded very much like “‘plop’, and the poor
witless spike buck fell as if he had been struck
by a thunderbolt. He never knew what hit
him, as the soft nosed bullet had struck fairl
at the junction of head and neck. .

The doe racing wildly in great bounds for
the shelter on the other side never knew how
close she had come to Benson’s larder, for as
her companion fell the hunter had quickly
covered her, but seeing the lack of antlers he :
had lowered his rifle, slipped the safety on, \.
and with a “Now we’ve got our Christmas 4
venison, let her go.” He had stepped out
into the open, watched curiously by the big ;
deer who was standing partly hidded by a ;
large tree trunk almost in the same position :
as when the shot was fired. 7

Never a detail was lost to this “King of the |
Big Swamp” He saw the man approach his
late companion, bend over him, walk about,
gaze back in the direction from which he fired
the shot, smile to himself and laying down his
rifle he drew his knife to dress the kill, and
just then a slight movement beyond the man
drew the deer’s attention, and he saw what
the man did not, the grey flat face tufted ears
and blazing eyes of a great Canada lynx that
gazed at him over the top of alog. When the
man raised his head the lynx disappeared.
The sun was getting low down over the tree
tops and over the whole woodland the sense
of a coming storm was in the air as the King
slipped away and made for his haven by the
little lake. That night it snowed, and all the
next day and night, and a part of another day
and at the end of that time the King with a _
number of his kind had beaten a yard or run-
away amongst the timber where the most
accessible browsing was to be had, and here
we will leave him for a time and later we will
have some more to say about the ‘‘King of the
Big Swamp”’ and his comings and goings.

}

*Author’s note.

The writer on two different occasions aad
the experience of having deer watch hin at
close range after firing a shot in the im-
mediate neighborhood.

The first time was at Mt. Benson, on Van-
couver Island, where after firing a shot at two
deer he went forward to examine the ground

726

for signs of a hit and was too surprised to re-
member he held a rifle in his hands when on
turning in back of the roots of a large windfall
he found a large buck not twenty-five feet
away, from where he had evidently watched
the whole proceedings.

Again seventy miles up the coast from
Nanaimo on Vancouver Island the hunter

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

having shot a willow grouse was busy hooking
it to an improvised belt which he wore, when
upon glancing up a deer bounded from the
shelter of a fallen tree not more than thirt
yards distant. Upon examination of the soft
ground back of this log we discovered where
the deer had stood during the entire act of
shooting the grouse and bagging it.

ATTRACTING BIRDS

Bird lovers throughout the land are seek-
ing ways and means of increasing the num-
ber of birds and of attracting them to “the
vicinity of homes. While the basis for this
movement is in part esthetic, to no small
degree such efforts are based on a growing
appreciation of the usefulness of birds as
insect destroyers. The increase of interest
in wild birds throughout the United States
during the past decade has been phenom-
enal, and organizations having for their
chief object the care and protection of birds
are numbered by hundreds, if not thousands.
Civie leagues and women’s clubs have been
especially active in attempts to attract birds
to city parks and suburbs, with a view to

bringing wild life to the doors of those denied
the privilege of knowing it in wilder dis-
tricts. ‘Two publications issued during the
year designed to aid and advance this move-
ment—‘‘Bird Houses and How to Build
Them” and ‘“‘How to Attract Birds in North-
eastern United. States’—constitute manuals
on the means of attracting birds and fill a
widespread and continually growing de-
mand. The bulletin discussing methods of
attracting birds is the first of a series planned
to cover all sections of the United States.
Special attention is given to the kinds of
fruit-bearing shrubs and trees important
as furnishing food for birds.—Report of
Chief of Bureau of Biological Survey, 1915, p. 6.

A STORY WITHOUT WORDS FROM A TROUT STREAM OF THUNDER BAY, .

LAKE SUPERIOR.

(C. P. R. STEAMER TO FORT WILLIAM.)

A FAIR SAMPLE OF THE SIZE OF NIPIGON RIVER TROUT, CAUGHT IN THE POOL ABOVE
WHITE CHUTE RAPIDS IN ONE HOUR’S TIME: A SIX POUND SPECKLED TROUT:
TWENTY POUND PIKE CAUGHT ON A FOUR OUNCE FLY ROD

NIPIGON LAKE AND RIVER

Dana L. Spring ,

HERE were five men in the party. We

left Buffalo on a Saturday morning

during the latter part of July, 1915,
for Port MacNicoll on the Georgian Bay,
at which point we took one of the C.P.R.
boats for Port Arthur. We arrived at Port
Arthur the following Monday morning, and
there took a train east on the C.P.R. to
Nipigon Station, arriving at the latter place
about 10.30 in the morning. At Nipigon,
we met our head guide, and after changing
to our old clothes and leaving them in the
hotel, we took a construction train on the
Canadian Northern for our camping place
on the lake. This camping place was on
Orient Bay immediately north of the tunnel,
and consisted of three or four log huts which
had been a railroad construction camp. We
arrived at camp late in the afternoon.

We remained at this camp for a little over
a week, spending the days in trolling for
lake trout in the lake, and fishing for brook
trout in the Castagany River which flows
into the lake from the east, immediately
south of the southern entrance of the tunnel.
The speckled trout fishing in this little river
was fine, although the underbrush in places
was quite dense. The head waters of this
river can be reached by a trail possibly four
or five miles in jonah, which starts at a
point about one hundred yards east of the
railroad, crosses a small lake about a mile
in diameter, and then leads over to two
other lakes from which the river starts.

The best lake trout tishing we found was
among the islands southeast of Shakespeare
Island. In a few hours we caught, near
one island, almost 200 pounds of lake trout.
These trout averaged from seven to ten
pounds in weight. /

~

The guides furnished us for the lake were
Indians, and they were very poor and had
little or no knowledge of lake fishing, and
we were obliged to teach them practically
all they knew.

While camping on Orient Bay we made
one trip in canoes a distance of about eight
miles to Virgin Falls, the point where the
river leaves the lake. The lake is some-
what treacherous, and we frequently had
difficulty in getting back to camp at night
on account of rough water and high winds.

We were not at all satisfied with the ac-
commodations and treatment we received
at this camp on the lake, and last summer
there was no other camp on the lake, although
I was iniormed that one or two camps might
be built for the season of 1916.

If anyone is look.ng for splendid lake trout
fishing, there is probably no better place
than Lake Nipigon, because it was not until
last summer that it was possible to reach
this beautiful lake by rail. The lake is in-
cluded in the Nipigon Reserve, and the
fishing license of $15.00 for two weeks in-
cludes both the lake and river.

For the river trip, the Government requires
two guides to every canoe, on account of
the swift water in some portions of the river.
For this trip we outfitted at our camp on
the lake, and the outfitter was not familiar,
apparently, with the proper requirements,
and furnished us neither sufficient - food nor
blankets for the trip. Moreover, the canoes
which we had were for the most part too
small for the river.

The first camp on the way down the river
was about seven miles south of Virgin Falls,
and the fishing was excellent at this camp.
The following day we went down the river as

727

728 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

far as Pine Portage so-called.
Here we camped for several
days, and the fishing both
north and south of Pine Port-
age was the best we had on
the river. The speckled trout
which we caught easily aver-
aged two pounds in weight;
in fact, trout under two pounds
in weight were an exception.
One of our party caught a
speckled trout near this point
which weighed six pounds.

The river is forty miles in
length, and as Lake Nipigon
is four hundred feet higher
than Lake Superior, and as
some portions of the river are
flat water, it will be readily
seen that it is filled with water-
falls and rapids. We found
the speckled trout for the
most part in the rapids and
occasionally in the pools.

The favorite flies during this
season of the year seem to be
Jock Scott, Silver Doctor and
Parmacheene Belle. These
flies are large salmon flies,
and were purchased by us at
the McKirdy Outfitting Store
at Nipigon.

There is probably no better
speckled trout fishing on the
continent which is as readil
accessible as the River Nipi-
gon. There is an immense
amount of water in the river,
ana the feed seems to be ex-
cellent. There are many
spawning places in the lake,
and, all in all, the conditions
are ideal for large speckled
trout. A trout taken in this
river with light tackle has
every advantage of the fisher-
man, because of the swiftness
of the current.

There is a well defined trail
the entire length of the river.
The portages are well marked,
usually a dock at the end of
each portage, and the river is
dotted with excellent camp
sights where the ground has
been cleared, and where fre-
quently tent poles are already
set up for the convenience of
campers. There are two or
three fire-rangers’ huts along
the trail, and there are three
or four fire-rangers constantly
patrolling the river. There
is a telephone line along the
trail, and, if necessary, the
fire-rangers will permit tour-
ists to use this telephone.

Words are inadequate to
describe the beauties of this
river. Where the river leaves
the lake, the Virgin Falls are

robably twenty-five or thirty

eet in height, and there are

f:

2.
Se

i d Pool below the Virgin Falls; One of the Guides is netting
Pea Speckled Trout, caught by one of the party in this pool.

The so-called Victoria Rapids.

Tye Pool below the White Chutes, exceedingly dangerous for canoes
aud poansetant Guides will not take the tourist across it, although
two of the Indian Guides with one of our party took their man across,
but he did not know of the danger until aiterwards.

i
¢

hi
ae ie

NIPIGON LAKE AND RIVER | 729

other water-falls in the course
of the river which are nearly,
if not quite, as high. It is
filled with small and large
islands; the shores in many
places are precipitous, and
the entire length of the river
is through a virgin forest of
ever-green and birch.

This trip is not as expensive
as one might think. Our fare
from Buffalo to Port Arthur
and return, including rail and
boat, with meals and berth,
was about $45.00 for each
man. The pues receive $2.50
a day for the head guide, and
$2.00 a day for the other.
Our party was unanimous in
opinion, after our return, that
the proper method of fishing
both the lake and river is to
outfit with Mr. William Me-
Kirdy or the Hudson Bay
Company at Nipigon Station.
Each member of the party will
then have a canoe and two
guides, and the trip can be
made up the river instead of
by rail. When the lake is
reached, there are a number
of beautiful islands within a
few miles of the mouth of the
river on which a party could
camp, and thus live under
more pleasant surroundings
than in the log huts. Mr.
McKirdy furnishes a circular
or folder in which he estimates
that the cost for two men for
a two weeks’ trip, not in-
cluding provisions, would be
$110.00. Mr. McKirdy’s the-
ory is, I suppose, no matter
where a'man is, it is necessary
for him to eat, and the expense
of food should not be included
in the estimate.

An excellent map of both
the river and lake can be se-
cured by writing to the agent
of the Canadian Northern
Railroad at Port Arthur.

1. A few Nipigon Trout.

2. Campat Pine Portage.

3. The Party at the end of a Port-

age; River, and docks provided
by Canadian Government,

os

fe

THE 1915 OUTING OF THE PORT _
ELGIN HUNT CLUB:

{ a a bey!) :
Rafa S Wiad ty
Pas

4

A Successful Deer Hunt In AER
Northern Ontario

C. A. Philps

ing: Robert Ranney, S. H. Langford

and Geo. McMurray of Pt. Elgin;
R. Ranney, Peter Scott, Geo. Coxon and
John Youndt of Milverton, Jas. Cole offOwen
Sound and the writer, C. A. Philps, V. S.
of Port Elgin.

Two of our party, Sam and George Mc.
left Port Elgin on October 30th 1915 on
an early train, meeting Jack at Palmerston.
All three then left for Toronto where they
spent the day in seeing the sights.

Ranney and myself left on the 3 p.m.
train on October 30th with our dogs, Duke,
Steve and Skipper. We certainly had a
busy day getting prepared. Each dog was
marked with P on one side of its body and
with E on the other side.

We took a pair of scissors and clip-
ped the initials so that if the dogs
were, lost we would be able easily to identify
them. Our provisions comprised ninety
loaves of bread, meat, flour, oatmeal, canned
corn, peas, honey and tomatoes; pork and
beans, sausages, oranges, lemons, peanuts,
candy, biscuits, canned fruit, milk, raisins,
etc. and a good supply of smoking tobacco
which some of us consider a desirable article
on a hunting trip. We met the boys in
Toronto about 8.30 p.m. where they were
waiting at the depot for us. Mr. Ranney,
sixty-eight years of age and Peter Scott,

Om party was composed of the follow-

__seventy-eight, some sports, were both there

and quite uneasy thinking we were not com-
ing. Coxon and Jount could not get away
from home on account of sickness but in-
formed us they would be along in a few days.
After seeing that our dogs and provisions had

arrived O. K. in Toronto we Jooked up our

train and found we were going to have a
special hunters’ train which was scheduled

' to leave about 10 p.m. Such a howling of

dogs as there was around the station. Duke

got quite cranky and did not seem to like

at all the idea of being crated up and having
to make so many changes. In due course our
special train pulled in and we helped load
our luggage onto it. We left Toronto about
10.30 for Bigwood. We had very good
accommodation for hunters—tourist car
sleepers, etc.

Of course you don’t want to wear your
best clothes when going on a trip of that
kind. We had anice lunch about 12 o’clock,
then had a good sleep until along about 5
o’clock when the train commenced letting
off the hunters wherever they wished to dis-
embark which caused quite an excitement

and ensured there being no more sleep for,

anyone. Men shouting and dogs howling
; and a boy who insisted on giving an Indian

war whoop at intervals gave the effect of
pandemonium let loose. Finall
in to Bigwood about 10 a.m. Friday morn-
ing, tired, cold and hungry. We got our
luggage off on the station platform and bade
adieu to the train crew who were a fine lot of
fellows.

Some of the boys went down to the saw-mill
cook-house and getting in put on a fire.
Ranney and I led the dogs down, they being
very anxious to get out of their dog crates.
Then we got a small truck which had been
used around the mill, pushed it up to the
station and loaded on our luggage. After
an “‘off again, on again, Finnegan” experience
we arrived at the cook-house, having only
about a rod to carry our goods. After un-
packing the most important things we had
dinner and as we were all as hungry as bears
it tasted mighty good. .

In the afternoon we finished unpacking
and fixing up our things, setting up our beds,
etc. Some of the boys cut beaver grass
and filled ticks to sleep on. All had iron
beds excepting myself. I got a tick filled
with beaver grass and put it on the floor
on another mattress with blankets, robes, etc.
and I certainly had a number one bed. We
all slept in one room up-stairs over our living
room.

Ranney and myself put in about two hours’
hunting an elbow for our stove pipe up-
stairs. We even begged, borrowed and took,
at last securing one rather worn it is true
but answering our purpose very well.

In the afternoon I took my shot gun and
went out for a stroll, shooting a nice partridge
close to camp. The other boys were busy
getting things in order around the camp.
The two old boys carried in the wood and
water which were both very plentiful. We
had a most delightful supper and after spend-
ing a nice evening hearing Ranney and Peter
tell deer stories we all turned in about 9
p.m. Most of us had to keep our stocking
caps on in order to keep our heads warm
as our bed-room was a wee bit airy. It
was possible to look up through the roof and
see the stars. After listening to old Peter
tell some good old bear stories we all went
fast asleep just like we did when we were
little boys down on the old farm.

Bright and early Saturday morning we
were all up and after breakfast donned our

hunting toggery and hied us away to the ©
bush. Of course we could not let our dogs —
go as the hunting season did not open until

the following Monday. We walked about
fifteen miles, two or three together, saw a

few deer but did not try to shoot any. We ch
got back to camp about 3 p.m. and had
730 a7

we pulled |

~

1915 OUTING OF THE PORT ELGIN HUNT CLUB 731

dinner. Some of the boys took another
walk during the afternoon. Saturday even-
ing we all went to bed early and enjoyed a
good rest and sleep. After breakfast all
the boys, with the exception of Mr. Ranney,
Sr. got prepared for a "pe day’s walk and
outing in the bush. Of course we were all

boys were stepping along like young hackneys.
We took two dogs along and our Captain
“R. J. Ranney” was dog man, it being his
duty to lead the dogs along slowly while the
other men hustled along rapidly up the track
about two miles and going in on the west
side of the track lined themselves along the

THE OLD COOK-HOUSE.

like the preacher and the bear, it was against
our religion but we took our guns along.
We crossed the C.P.R. and took the blazed
trail back to Ham Lake, a beautiful inland
lake about a mile long by half a mile wide,
a most beautiful place for camping. If we
had only had a tent we should have remain-
ed there part of the season. After eating
a hearty lunch and drinking some of the
lake water we started for home which we
reached late in the afternoon tired and hun-
gry as usual, to find poor dad, as we used
to call Mr. Ranney sr., quite lonesome and
a wee bit homesick. After we all got in
camp we soon made him forget home. But
old Peter was game as a colt always ready
for his war whoop and to spin a good hunt-
ing story.

After a pleasant evening’s chat we all
went to bed about 10 p.m. and went to
sleep dreaming of the great fun we were to
have hunting on the following day which
was the first of the month and the opening
of the deer season. As I had my alarm
clock with me it was up to me, to be tirst
up in the morning. I set the alarm for 4
a.m. At the appointed hour next morning
I got up, put on the fire, swept the floor and
had the porridge made by the time old Peter
was giving his war whoop up-stairs. In a
few minutes the boys were all ready for
breakfast each man joining in doing his share
of the work, for we had no shirkers, thanks
be. By daylight there could have been
seen seven deer hunters trailing along in
Indian file through the mill-yard and up
the rocks to the C.P.R. tracks. The two

PETER CLEANING HIS GUN

COLE REPLENISHING WOOD-BOX

run ways and high rocks. By the time R. J.
got along, we were all placed in line back
in the bush. He let the dogs loose and it
was not long until Steve and Duke went
howling down through ravines over rocks
away to the north of where we were lined.
So We missed the deer and it was some time
before the dogs came back to us. Well, we
kept our run-ways until about noon, then
we ate our lunch, and after building a nice
fire, getting warm etc., we all met on the
C.P.R. tracks and slowly wended our way
homeward, no one having seen a deer.

We arrived home about 2 p.m., built on
a nice fire, had lunch, and spent the remain-
der of the day around camp. We had sup-
per about 6 p.m. and oh what a feast it was.
We had ten pounds of buckwheat honey
in a can, when starting from home. Along
about Parry Sound the baggageman saw
something leaking out of one of our boxes
and informed Sam-and to our grief it was
discovered the honey was silently disappear-
ing around the floor of the baggage-car.
Poor McMurray’s clothes were packed in the
same box as the honey. There 1s no need
to describe what his smock looked like. When

we unpacked the box I think we had about a _

tea-cup full of honey left.

After supper, when the dishes were washed,
wood and water in, and kindling split, we all
enjoyed a good smoke, played a few games,
after which we all retirea. The alarm went
off promptly at 4 am. I got out of bed,
dressed and put the fire on. To arouse the
other sleepers I secured a cannon fire cracker,
quietly lit the fuse and tossed it up-stairs

7

as. sea. »
;

~~ >

eer

ha a can be. = ta Dien

2 oa
5” 4

~

- home quite joyful over such

732

into the sleepers’ bed room. Did they get
up? Well I should van, Higa did.

After a hearty breakfast, we all were on
the march again up to Mile 88. Cole, dad
and myself were together. R. J. was do
man again. Well we just arrived at 88 an
started in to the bush when we heard the
Barrie dogs coming our way. Cole and I
hustled along to a rock and Cole saw the
deer. Bang! bang! bang! I was about thirty
rods away. Then I heard Cole calling me.
I hustled over and here he had a nice big
doe. We were certainly happy. After dress-
ing it and pulling it up in a tree to keep the
dogs from eating it, we heard the dogs over
on the east side of the C.P.R. We hustled
over and just got nicely over when a fine doe
jumped up right in front of me. Bang! and

e was mine. After calling Cole and Dad
we dressed this one up and carried it over
to the C.P.R., then went back again to the
same place and I heard our dog Skipper
coming down the rocks howling in good
shape. I got ready and out came another
nice doe. Bang! Bang! Down she went.
I ran over and to my surprise she jumped
ee and ran away. Well, I just sat down until
s cad came — and he tracked her on
until we came to a large pool of blood. Then
I knew she was close by, and in about an-
other rod I found her. I called again to
Cole and Dad for help and in a few moments
they were on hand, poor Dad jumping
through the swale like a young fawn, wet
to his knees. After attending to Number 3
we left Dad working away with it. Cole
and I went on up to where the dogs were
again and while away a nice deer came bound-
ing along the rocks heading for Dad. The
deer did not see him until within about ten

feet of him and it turned so quickly it fell

on its side and although poor Dad tried
to get his rifle, it was no use as the deer was
too quick for him. We carried the deer
out to the track leaving just the two in a
tree, and along came R. J. R. who had shot
a nice fawn, which made four deer before
noon, not too bad for the second day out.
We secured the section-men to bring them
down to camp at 6 p.m. Then we all went
: good success.
We did not do any more hunting that day,
but were up early the next morning pre-

paring for another day’s work.

We hunted all that day but got nothing.
Coming home we found McMurray cooking
pies, biscuits and cake, and they certainly
were fine. After tea we had a chat and
all turned in for the night. The next day
we had no luck. Duke and Steve took a
sure run down by Ham lake, Duke came
back in a couple of hours but Steve did not
come back until Saturday evening. Hunt-

The man whose eyesight is s@ poor he
cannot tell a deer from a man at ordinary
range should not be allowed in the woods with
a fire arm and the man who shoots at every
movement of a leaf or branch of a tree should
be debarred from even entering a woods.

“ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

ee ER RE

4

on. On Friday morning Peter went outside,
after the train came in and gave one of his
war whoops and some one answered away
up the siding. Who should it be but Coxen
and Youndt. We hustled around, got their
breakfast and were soon all out on the C.P.R.

going up to 88 mile Post. Youndt was
not long in, when he spied a young buck
and down he came. e all helped him

ca it down to camp. Next day was no
good as we had no luck seeing a few but
shooting none. Sunday we all had a nice
walk. anney and myself going down to
the C.P.R. bridge got a few snap-shots with
our camera of the French river scenery.
The following week we got one deer. We
had about two inches of snow on Tuesday
which made walking very unpleasant, but
could easily detect where the deer had been
feeding the night before. Wednesday it
rained nearly all day and we remained in
camp cleaning up, shaving etc. I had the

pleasure of cutting the two boys’ hair and —
I don’t expect their

trimming their beards.
ig knew them when they got back home.
ome hair cut, I tell you!

Peter had some traps set around the
lake and was fortunate in catching a few
rats and weasels. :

On Thursday it was raining some but we
decided to take a hunt in the afternoon as
four of us intended breaking camp that
night. The dogs, however, took a run close
to where Peter and I were located but we
got no shot. We all came in, had supper,
cleaned up, changed our clothes and took
the deer and part of our luggage up to the
station. It was then raining to beat the
band and very dark. After seeing things
safely landed at the depot. we came back to
camp for awhile as our train did not go until
midnight. We chatted with the boys a while
then Cole, Langford, McMurray and myself
bid them good-bye for another year. ;

We took the train at 12 a.m., arrived in
Toronto 8 a.m., where we had to remain
there until 5 p.m. We reached home at
10 p.m. finding ourselves tired but havin
enjoyed the trip very much. We were gla
to get home and to find our people well and
pleased to see us safe home again. 2

The remaining five hunted on Friday,
lost one dog belonging to Coxon but got
no deer. They left Friday night and arrived
home on Seruniag night. They got word
about ten days after that the dog had re-
turned to camp O. K. and our most genial
friend and host, Mr. York, would ship the
dog as soon as he could catch him, as he was
very shy of strangers. Thus ended the trip
of 1915.

‘aoe
ing was poor for a few days. On every
morning train we looked for Youndt and Cox- __

T was after supper in a Canadian camp.
The boys (American tourisis) had made
up an exceptionally healthy fire, for the
_ mercury in our thermometer was behaving as

though the night would be a record breaker.
I had been about camp all day nursing a
-wrenched side, obtained the day previous
while following up a bad shot along the
mountain on snow-shoes, and had rolled up
in my blanketsrather early. Sleep, however,
~ was out of the question in such close proximity
with four ‘regular fellows’, all of which you
would have thought owned an interest in the

Tobacco Trust, by the amount of smoke aris-

ing therefrom.
The conversation, having exhausted all the
experiences of the day’s hunt, had drifted into
a sort of story telling contest, something along
these lines; with Bradley of Yale ’09 holding
the floor.

“Yes—Sambo is a great head. After
pestering us for nearly a year to take him along
on one of our frequent episodes, we finally
took him with us on a ’coon hunting expedi-
tion one night in October, two years ago, and
I shall never forget how nearly that negro

bitcg to losing part of his anatomy on that

p. ;
: We had been out about two hours when our
__ dogs swung into high and made a hasty get-
away. They were serenading with every
noise making organ in their make-up when we
arrived and found them gathered about the
base of a gigantic oak, which looked large
enough to be father of all other oaks on the
ridge, as he stood there against the dark back-
ground.

It was several minutes before we could
verify the dogs’ strenuous insinuations that
Father” was shielding something entirely
_ foreign to vegetable life. Finally Bob spied
two little black diamonds peering up over

the fork of a limb about half way up, but they
_ Immediately disappeared, appeared, and dis-

appeared. This performance was repeated
_ Several times. The hide and seek business
- soon got on our nerves, particularly those of
_ Sambo’s, whose mouth had already begun to
Water. All we could see from every available
_ angle was an occasional glimpse of two spark-
_ ling eyes and a few square inches of hair, as
he would raise and lower his head about the
fork. ‘“‘Wait a minute you-all? I'll scare
*em out,” said Sambo, as he started -to shin
Eup. But to my surprise, for I thought that a
brilliant idea, Bert, who was the fourth party
of our quartette, stopped him by saying,
“Don’t do that Sambo! Don’t you know bet-
ter than ay

Bob’s rifle spoke almost in my ear.

___ The dogs made a dive the minute his car-
cass hit the ground, but things didn’t go as
ey should have, for Prince, the lightest of
three dogs, suddenly landed at our feet,
ards from the battle front: he was back
fray though, like a flash.

FOUR OF A KIND”

T. N. Hewitt

Ne

K

Pi te” ery
rs
pa kage

a
Between the man shadows from our |
lanterns and the snarling, biting, scramrlin
dogs it was hard to determine just what th
were up against, and not until one of them had
lost an ear and part of his scalp and another
was badly mauled did we make out that what
we had thought to be an inoffensive little
*coon, was in reality an over sized wildcat.

You should have seen Sambo’s face after
the dogs had gained the upper hand and we
were able to adminster an injection of lead
without further jeopardizing them. He came —
out from behind a tree some twenty yards —
distant, and addressing Bert—‘‘Awh tells yea

boss awh coitianly knows bettah next time.” _

The poor fool, can you imagine what would | :
if Sambo had gone up to

ave happened
‘SCARE ’EM OUT”’.?

We had the body mounted and it is now
among the collection in the buffet of the gun
club down home. You’ve seen it Jim.?
Remember the night we—‘‘oh don’t men-
tion that night,” from Jim, “I couldn’t have
told a cat from a monkey-wrench.”’

A Mistake in Identity.
“Speaking of wild-cats,”’ said Wilson of the
Second National Bank, knocking the ashes out
of his pipe and refilling it, ‘reminds me of one
time about four years ago. Six of us were
camping over on the Racetown Branch, at the

- foot of the Allegheny Mountains with just our

tents separating the creek and the lower
woods. The scene was rather weird in the
evening from about four o’clock on, when the
heavy outlines would become indistinct and
great shadows march slowly up to blanket
drowsy ravines and sleepy hollows for the
night. Then, as though protesting the ex-
change of daylight for the smothering night,
a droll call would break the silence, echo down
the mountain and be answered from the dark
depths of the valley below by another wild-cat
that had been stirred to action.

It is surprising what a sonorous noise they
can get away with, but they take it slow and
easy ; to gain momentum I guess. Altogether,
the scene was a little too much for us, so it was
decided before we turned in that it would he
wise to keep watch, one fellow until midnight
and another until morning, taking turns.

Nothing happened during -my first two
watches, but about eleven-thirty the third
night I was on the job, I was aroused from a
semi-sleeping condition by something scratch-
ing on the side wall of the tent. My heart
started to speed and I was all tension in a
second. The noise then changed to a rustle
at the front of the tent. Whirling around I
was in time to see the last half, as he jumped
by the flap, which had been thrown back for
ventilating purposes. Posing there on one
knee, gun up, I was determined thai if he had
the audacity to try entre, or even repass, I
pave donate him the entire contents of both

arrels.

vt

>
t »

734

Well, he attempted the latter, and I ful-

filled my promise, or threat, as you will have it.

The commotion in that tent, caused by my
firing a double barrel shot-gun in the midst
of five snoring beauties, is hard to describe.
The boys were on their feet in a flash, dancing
about in the smoke, feeling themselves as
though wondering if they had been hit, and
bombarding me with questions such as, “what
in ‘ells the matter?” “Is the place afire?”’
“Robbers?’’, etc. Not one thought of the
thing we had been watching for. But you
better fumble for your ‘mop rags’, for here
comes the ‘sob stuff’, as the baseball editor
would put it. When I had explained as best
I could what had happened, we advanced
cautiously to the entrance, expecting almost
anything except what had really happened.

A fellow by the name of Gent was leading
with an electric pocket lamp, for it was black
as the ace of spades outside and we could take
nochances. I was endeavoring to get out and
see what kind of a shot I had made, but before
I could crowd through the flap, I was struck
as though with a knife, when I heard one of the
fellows say—‘‘It’s NELL.”’

She had followed our wagon several miles
when we left home, but suddenly made up her
mind to go back, which she did in spite of our
efforts to entice her to continue. Ross was
heart-broken, for she had been his only com-
panion on many a hunting trip, and a better
Pointer was not to be found, but I had caught
her amidships with two loads of buck-shot, so
there was nothing else to do but try to believe
that I was not all they said I was and turn in,
which I, and in fact all of us did, taking our
chances with the Mountaineers.”

.. Batter Up.

Cook, also of the Second National Bank,
was the next up and I knew he was good for
something. .

“Well fellows, I am not in possession of
any experiences with wild-cats, but as Wilson
b*< told of a self-made-bone-head-play, think
I'll tell you one on yours truly.

This happened when I was about twenty-
two. We were then living at Luray; down in
the Shenandoah valley of Virginia.

The firm I was working for was like many
other firms, it had a superintendent, and the
superintendent like many other superinten-
dents, had a twenty year old daughter, but
the daughter was not like many other, or in
fact, any other daughter, from my way of
thinking. However, I was fortunate enough
to be in her company a great deal that sum-
mer, and along toward fall when I started to
relate various hunting experiences, she seemed
deeply interested, and while I thought it
mostly a matter of being a good fellow, when
she would listen attentively to my babble, I
found she really was anxious to accompany
me on some of my fall trips, so to sort of break
her in easy, I suggested that she come along
over to the mountain some morning for
turkeys.

When I went over about four-thirty a.m.
the morning we had planned to go, I had no
idea that she would be up and have breakfast
ready, as we had arranged, but when I stepped
up on the side porch I encountered a whiff of
frying bacon—was she up? Imagine my
surprise when she appeared in a short khaki

ROD AND GUN-

—-

skirt, flannel blouse, and high shoes that
almost to her knees, I began to wonder if she
had expected me to bring her a gun, for I
thought she was just Sone eons forthetramp
the first time anyway, but when a hearty eA
breakfast had been stowed away and we were .
ready to start, she surprised me again ry *
swinging a brand new twenty gauge pump.
could see though, from her manner of hand-
ling it that she was more accustomed to golf
sticks, than guns.

A strenuous walk landed us at the place
on the mountain that I most favored. It was uss
still dusk, so I thought that was a good time —
to explain a few of the main ideas such as, not
to exclaim aloud at the first thing she saw, in
the game line; to be careful in handling her
gun; not to shoot until she was sure of her
game, etc., but what was the use, she didn’t
even know the trigger from the recoil pad on
the butt. I had her drawing a bead on this
outlines in the distance. All this had been
done in an under-tone to teach her the im-
portance of as little noise as possible, but I _
reiterate what was the use. I was talking to
a woman. Leaning back, pointing her gun
up in the air and saying laughingly, “I’m
going to shoot the moon,” she actually
FIRED.?

.

lieve her story.
tempt to tell a woman ANYTHING.

Time Out.

“Well boys,’ from Bently, “It’s a lot more
fun sitting here listening to those good old
jokes than trying to tell one; anyway it’s
time to turn in—good-night.” He was
stopped after he had pulled his flannel shirt .
out about half way round. Let go! Sit
down! you bloomin’ idiots and I'll tell you one
that would make you laugh it you were the
rear wheel of a hearse.

“Down near Mt. Etna, on the ‘Blue Juniata
River’, and by the way, why they call that
mixture of mud and water BLUE is beyond
me, looked as though they ran just enough
water in the old river bed to hold the right of
way. However, we had heard so much about
the bass in that vicinity that our confidence
in the site was unshakable. ;

Our party numerically, was identical with
that of Bradley’s but it contained two of the
funniest put-up human beings ever ‘made in
America’; Sidney and Smiles, as we called ~—
them. Sidney was a tall angular Swede, six
feet with clean sox and weighed about seventy
three pounds soaking wet. Remove his ~
Adam’s Apple and he was positively without
shape. But to transform the material usedin
this particular pattern into a likeness of Smiles —
it would be necessary to first place it bene ath

p hammer until it measured in
five foot two, then inflate with
equivalent, until the distance
igh at the equator was identical with the
ht, turn up the nose as though it didn’t
ke the kind ot tobacco he was chewing, re-
move all the ‘hair from the North Pole south
_ to the Hudson Bay, saw off several inches of
_ his understanding, measuring from the end
of his toes back, and you have a condensed
edition of Barnum and Bailie’s Circus.
P Let it suffice to say that Jones and myself
were more nearly human for I want to tell you
about Sidney and Smiles trying to dynamite
a
__ One morning following several days of hard
____ luck in the legitimate game they had been
driven to desperation, for it was important
___ that we return with several fish each day, since
Zz e agreement made by the farmer with whom
we were staying, was that he would “‘eat and
a sleep’’ us, as he put it, as long as we furnished
3 enough fish for the table. 2
They had secured a stick of dynamite from
a near by stone quarry on their way home the
day previous. On this eventful morning they
seemed to have a desire to get away without
either Jones or myself, which aroused our
suspicions that there was something up, so we
decided to follow them at just sufficient dis-
tance that we might discover their game.
Zip, a little coal black rat terrier that belonged
at the farm house, and whose duty it, was to
_ make life miserable for every body that came
within range of his vision, was trailing alon
behind. Our occasional glimpse of Sidney an
Smiles, Sidney carrying a small package as
though it contained exactly what it did, which
seemed to require all his attention for the
human periscope was handling all the tackle
they had brought along for a bluff. The two
of them reminded me of a picture I once saw
in Life.

Upon their arrival at the river they seemed
to have great trouble in deciding just how to
get the stick of dynamite out into mid stream

co without soaking it. Finally Smiles produced

4

: : a es Be : ae
a short piece of board and together the

ov a” Lease J
the stick in place with scrupulous care. |
ing well about, to make sure their get-a
they lighted the fuse and layne careful
upon the water, gave it a push out. But

here enters little Zip. Can hardly say enters
either, for he had been jumping about, wag-

ging his tail at about six hundred per and
watching every move.

As soon as the board hit the current and
moved off, in went Zip who, with little trouble

soon overtook the little floating mine and was

coming ashore with it between his teeth; the —

fuse burning splendidly. The eyes of both

men followed the dog almost ashore, then

Smiles made a break and covered the first
twenty yards in nothing at all, with Zip a
close second. From general appearances he

would have made the next twenty in less had

he not encountered an elongated mud-puddle
on his way to the fence and stopped, apparent-
ly to investigate its depth. Sidney? Why he
was over several seconds ago and ready to
take another. Poor Smiles scrambling to his
feet made a fresh start, carrying several pounds
of real estate in addition to his 358 pounds
principal.

Upon reaching the fence the barbed wire,
of which it was made seemed to have a close
affiliation for Smiles’ trousers. This caused
sufficient delay in the procession that Zip,
becoming impatient, started off across the
field after Sidney, which was rather fortunate
for about half way across the field something
happened to Zip that must have caused all
squatters that might have been travelling
with him, to look for other claims.

Nothing particular happened at the farm
house until the children returned from school
that evening and missed Zip—Well let’s not
talk about what happened then. We left the
following morning for the burg with little
gained but a few pleasant memories.”

Half an hour later the tent was in darkness
and the atmosphere was a-tremor with a
variety of sounds that would have rivalled
any little German Band tuning up.

STURGEON

Thirty years ago, when Canada’s sturgeon
fisheries were first being exploited com-
mercially, the flesh of the sturgeon sold for
four or five cents per pound, and the pre-
pared oss, or caviare, for ten cents per pound.

, The fishery was prosecuted very energetic-
ally, and, in 1897, when the record output
was attained, caviare had advanced in price
to 25 cents per pound. To-day, as a result
of continued overfishing, the fishery is vir-
tually depleted, and sturgeon flesh and roe
are the most valuable products of Canadian

_ waters. The eggs are worth over $1.00 per

_ pound, while the flesh is the highest priced

_ of all our fish. The production has steadily

declined, until, during the last five years, the
- annual output has averaged less than one-

uird of that of twenty years ago.

=

FISHERIES

While the revival of the sturgeon fishery
presents considerable difficulty, it should
be undertaken, if at all feasible. The stur-
geon has been accused of predatory habits,
but has been acquitted of this charge by the
foremost Canadian scientists. Every por-
tion of the fish can be utilized for the manu-
facture of some valuable commodity; there
is absolutely no waste. The sturgeon fishery
has never figured prominently among
Canada’s fisheries resources, but, carefully
protected from over-fishing, it should form
a permanent and very remunerative source

of revenue to Canadian fishermen. To per-
mit such fisheries to become extinct, unless
detrimental to others of more value, is com-
mercial waste and inefficiency.

SCOTIA a

OPE a wie

S the moose hunting season drew near in
A the Fall of 1914 our thoughts natural-

ly turned to a trip after the monarch of
the woods. It was at first a little doubtful
if I would be one of the crowd, but as the
time drew near I found to my extreme plea-
sure I could get off for a week. The party
was to consist of Roy, Charlie, L. H. and
myself.

We had decided en a trip back to Long
Lake which is about sixteen miles back in
the woods from Milton, and a great place for
game. We got together and decided what
each was to take in the matter of eats, so we
would have variety and not duplicate our
provisions. After considerable forethought
and the eliminating of what we had at first
considered necessary we got our packs ar-
ranged te our satisfaction.

The road back to Long Lake is nothing
but an old wood road leading across barrens,
etc. Many of the bridges we had to cross
were in very bad shape so we decided an ox
team was the best mode of conveyance.
We were to leave Milton at 4 a.m. on Mor-
day, September 21st, 1914 and to be sure
that we would get off on time we had the
man who was to take our gear over promise
to be at L. H.’s house the preceding evening
when we would pack the wagon ourselves.
On his arrival we put in the grub, our packs,
and the hay for the oxen, then last, but not
least, our canoe which topped the rest of
the paraphernalia and was buckled on so
it could not fall off and yet loosely enough
so it would ride easily. About Friday I
found out that I would not be able to leave
with the bunch on Monday morning but
would nave to wait till Wednesday morning
when I aecided to leave about 4 a.m. which
_ would give me plenty of time to meet the
others at Long Lake in tne early afternoon.
Sunday afternoon owing to illness in his
family L. H. was _ obliged to abandon the
trip. This left only Roy and Charlie to
proceed with the team. Certainly it began
to look like a hoodoo trip. L. H. however
thought he might be able to go by Wed-
nesday and if so we decided to go by a more
direct route across big barrens ana through
a very likely country for game.

Promptly on time Monday morning the
boys got away and as we found out later
had a hard trip due to the very warm wea-
ther and the bad bridges they encountered.
It was almost dark when they at last reached
their destination.

Tuesday I had a forty-five mile drive be-
hind an cld horse and it was about 9 p.m.
when I returned. On my way home I called
at L. H.’s house to see if he would be able
to leave but, much to my disappointment,
founa out tnat he would not. We had look-
ed forward to having him with us and felt
that much of the success of our trip would

736

‘T had scored three out of four shots, the first

Ptah ote eres
hee’ ‘ ais

oh ee aun s
i ovr, 4 sal Ae

a te fo

a ff aes. Sa c

depend on his being on hand as he was a
veteran sportsman and a jolly companion.

On reaching home a relative of my wife’s
was at the house and on hearing my
plans offered to drive me a distance of some
two and a half miles, mostly all up hill, and
it was decided that we would start out at
5 o’clock the next morning.

The following morning we got off m good
time. As we neared our destination, that
is as far as we were able to go with the rig,
my friend said: “‘Let us go in there and give
a call, to which I agreed. At the same time
I was inwardly very anxious to get along as ate

a

Tee)

I feared the weather was going to be very —
hot like the two preceeding days. However, +
we drove in the branch road about 500 yards :
and tied the horse. I had my rifle, a .303 oe
Savage, ana he had an old 56-56 Sharps and
a 16 gauge shot gun. He left the rifle in Os
the wagon and took the old shot gun. We x

went about 100 yards from where the horse

was tied and came to a bog at the edge of
which we stopped, sitting on a fallen tree “i
between calls. a5

My companion gave a call, the most’

peculiar call I haa ever heard. I began
to laugh and talk about it in a natural tone
of voice. After a few minutes he gave the
second call and by this time we could hear
the teams of oxen going meadow haying,
which we had passed back on the road some —s_—
distance, passing by and about the same —
time I thought I heard something to the
south of us but did not pay much attention
to it as we were in between the last two
houses, about a quarter of a mile on each
side. As my companion got up to give
the third call he suddenly exclaimed, “Jack,
there is a moose.” I, of course, thought he ©
was fooling but got up and looked. Sure
enough there he was, just his head showing
above the mist. Quickly I slapped four
shells into the magazine and began firing.
The first shot struck his left shoulder and —
he swung around and started off to the left.
I fired the remaining three shots as fast as
I could work the lever. My rifle was now
empty but the moose fell just after I had
fired the last shot so I unloaded the maga-
zine ana started toward him. When we ~
reached him he was breathing his last but
to end matters quickly I sent another pellet —
of lead into him. On examination we found

ee

a
2
:

one being the fatal one. From where he
stood when I fired the first shot to where
he fell to rise no more was about fifty feet. __

Our trophy had a very nice set of antlers —
and although not large were very evenly
matched and spread 37 inches from point —

.

hale tt Se a

Se ome. Tas 3
throat my friend started for a team to haul
the moose out but instead of getting one at
once he went about town telling of our good
~ tuck and leaving me for three nours trying
to skin and dress tne moose all alone, an
operation to which I was quite unaccus-
tomea. It was 6 a.m. when the moose was
snot and at 11 a.m. he was in the yard cut up.

As for Roy ana Charlie when tney found
I nad not turned up by evening they began
to tnink I must nave got lost, thougn they
nad marked tne trail for me. Tney had on
tne whole a very poor trip. The weather
was hot and they could not go still hunting
in the day time. They aid not see a thing
ail tne time they were away except a few

=e,

\ MOOSE HUNTING TRIP IN NOVA SCOTIA 787.

I was sorry or glad as I was very anxious to-

nave the trip with tne other boys. Roy
carried a .303 Savage, Charlie a .38-55 Win-
chester and L. H. a .45-70 Winchester.

TROUT FROM THE MAGAGUADAVIC RIVER.

MAGAGUADAVIC AND DIGDEGUASH
Lines By D. E.

Let each man praise the river
That’s dearest to his heart,
The Rhine, the Guadalquivir,
The Danube or the Dart.
Let others sing the Tavy,
The Tweea, the Wye, the Lea,
Give me the Magagsuadavy,
The Digdeguash for me.

Some men choose lakes for fishing,
Ceceebe ana Couchiching,
Namabinagashishing,
Kenongewagaming.
Pll take my affidavy
That what they say is bosh;
Give me the Magaguadavy,
Give me the Digdeguash.

Beneath the shady willow
Cast cunningly your flies,
His wake a widening billow;
Behold the monster rise;
No Dreadnought in the navy
Could make so big a splash,
You'd hear at Magaguadavy
The trout of Digdeguash.

Behind the purple spruces
The golden sunset dies,

As each his pipe produces
And puts away his flies.

The basket full, the slavey
To-morrow morn shall wash

The spoils of Magaguadavy,
The loot of Digdeguash.

And when upon the table,
They come to lie in state,
Hardly shall we be able
A decent grace to wait.
They need no sauce or gravy,
For none can beat, by gosh;
The trout of Magaguadavy,
But those of Digdeguash.

O restless Bay of Fundy,
O mist and fog and rain,
Hope whispers I may one day
Behold you once again.
How gladly woulda I brave ye,
Nor ask a mackintosh,
To see the Magaguadavic,
To fish the Digdeguash.

Callirrhoe’s fair daughters,
Have fled their ancient grots;

The voice of many waters
Turns shrieking into watts.

But spare, oh, spare, I crave ye,

Amid

the general squash,

The falls of Magaguadavic,
The rips of Digdeguash.

-
.
ty.

THE BROWN TROUT

(Salmo fario)

Robert Page Lincoln

of this department, I had occasion to

briefly touch upon the brown trout
(Salmo fario); at that date, with space very
limited but a few passing remarks were made
in regard to this most interesting member
of the genus Salmo—in fact the remarks
were so scant that it has long been my thought
and desire to treat the subject more carefully
in a complete article in which a great many
things can be told that are now not com-
mon knowledge. I am therefore taking the
liberty of presenting that article, herewith
which will be tound to contain as close a
statement of facts as possible, adding a little
more to what has already been said in favour
of this singular fish. Knowledge concerning
the brown trout, among the angling element,
is scarce indeed. One may say that this
fish is plunged entirely in darkness, and
that too because it has not had able sup-
porters—and at the same time it has not
been propagated and installed in the various
streams of Canada and the States to the
extent that it should have been. It is not,
however, through lack of supporters, in a
sentimental or a practical manner, that the
brown trout has been so sparingly dealt
with, it is more for the reason that this
speciman has not had a wide and productive
distribution in our various lakes and run-
ning waters. Such is the condition as we
witness it to-day. The future may show
us renewed energies along the line of pro-
pagating and more thoughtfully distributing
this fish when anglers may know some of
the delights there are to be experienced in
his capture by means of rod, reel, tapered
line, light leader and the artificial fly. I
have before me as I write this the Eighth
Annual Report of the Game and Fisheries
Department of the Province of Ontario and
it is surprising to learn how comparatively

Soci t time ago, in the early development

738

few brown trout have been planted in this
Province. In the space of time reaching
from the year 1901 to 1914 somewhat under
seven thousand brown trout were planted
in the following waters: Whiteman’s Creeks,
in Waterloo County; the waters in the vi-
cinity of Simcoe, in Norfolk County; the
Speed River in the vicinity of Hespeler; also
the streams in the vicinity of St. Paul’s in
Perth County. The greatest success seems
to have been had in the streams in the vi-
cinity of Simcoe. The iishery warden in
his report states that: “The planting of
this fish in the brooks of this district has
been most successful. These fish appear
to be fitted for streams where the water be-
comes too warm for brook trout.”

In the artificial propagation and distribu-
tion of fishes from the hatcheries of the coun-
try, bass, the large-mouth and the small-
mouth species, lead over all others. In fact
the distribution and concentration upon this
fish is quite complete. On the other hand
a vast number ef speckled brook trout have
also been distributed; but the introduced
brown trout, in spite of the fact that it does
well in the streams, has not had the distribu-
tion that it should. The reason for this is
no doubt that so much fish life native to the
streams and lakes still obtains in such great
numbers that the addition of any other fish
is, as yet, deemed inadvisable. On the other
hand, as these fish appear to thrive and
establish themselves well they will doubtless
in increasing numbers come to populate the
streams. The brown trout is in no sense
of the word an equal of the voluminously

commented upon speckled brook trout. That |

is not the point I am wishing to bring out.
I wish to bring out the fact, however, that
a variety of trout adds spice to one’s fishing,
and increases the attraction of a stream
The speckled brook trout has been p :

i

iF

~~ * r
ain. And more and more
future will the speckled beauty be
0 - persistent anglers with the result
that a scarcity is bound to occur. In the
_ States the rainbow trout and the brown trout
have increased so extensively that they offer
much ey fishing to the angler. Stories
that have been scattered to the effect that
rainbow and brown trout kill off the brook
trout have little or no foundation to them
and are not to be thoroughly believed. In
‘Canadian streams, for instance, the complaint
is being made that if the rainbow supply is
not guarded and properly protected it will
soon vanish. his, as a sample, does not
_ argue well for those who hold that once the
rainbow is planted he increases to such an
extent that all the other fish are crowded
out or are laid low by this species.
The brown trout is not a native of this
continent, neither of the States, west or
East, nor of Canada. The brown trout
comes from England and from Germany.
That is to say the first propagating eaauly
came either from England or from Germany.
And do not for a moment doubt that the
brown trout is not a well-known and famed
fish, for it is.
brook trout. It is the fish that has enjoyed
a vaunted and flattering prominence through-
out numbers of volumes devoted to angling
in the British Isles, and equally or more
so in the wide mention accorded him by the
angling press, It is this trout that has called
ai forth and brought into being the famous
dry-fly system of angling; the enthusiastic
works of Halford, Dewar, Grey and others.
< Its recognition goes further back than that.
The whole angling history of England is
more or less practically based upon this
fish, and since this history is one of stagger-
* ‘ing proportions since the days of Walton,
i Cotton and Juliana Berners it is no wonder
d that people have come to look upon the
ee newcomer in a more or less favourable light.
What has been held against the brown trout
is the fact that more than any rainbow or
steelhead trout there is a possibility of his
ne off some numbers of the brook trout.
For the brown trout is of a piscivorous na-
ture, making a judicious feed of minnows,
fingerlings and small brook trout should
they come within his reach. This, at best
is the most unfavourable thing that can be
said against him. And most of this, as I
have related, is a matter of stories that float
abroad the land; nothing has been proven by
the consistent opening of the stomachs of
thousands of brown trout that they kill off
the brook trout. Till that day, when the
stomach contents of the brown trout are
examined as carefully as are the stomachs
of birds to ascertain their destructive or
‘ valuable qualities, we ate a little in ignor-
ance about the question. As I have said it
is mostly all talk. I found nothing in Eng-
lish angling literature in condemnation of
the brown trout in this respect though one
writer remarks that, should they grow in
_ weight up to twenty or thirty pounds they
become dense sluggards, absolutely refusing
the .ly. Such a .ish “‘will degenerate into
a cannibal and will have to be netted out.”
ae | | line with the above remarks it may be

‘

li i dies

”

well to state another writer’s .ind ing

The brown trout is England’s -

subject. In this way we are better | te
get to the root of the problem, .or the present
writer, stating only his side o: the question,
perhaps will be considered partial and to
much of a flattering admirer of this fish. —
Says O. Warren Smith: iM

“The von Behr trout were planted in
American waters in 1883, the .ry coming
.rom the eggs sent to this government by
the eminent German fish culturist late in
the fall of 1882. For some time thereafter
the United States Fish Commission pro-
pagated and distributed .ry, planting far —
and wide—thus the aggressive brown trout

e

appetite—that it was only a question of time
when our beloved brook trout would dis-
appear as a result of the onslaught of this
brown monster. As a result the Federal
Commission ceased to propagate tne .ish,
though some State Commissions continue to
do so. Many are the stories told of the
brown trout’s gluttony. In an article pub-
lished in Field and Stream some years ago,
William C. Harris tells ot seeing a five pound
brown trout opened on the banks of the
Beaverkill River in the State of New York, the
stomach of which contained three brook
trout weighing respectively one pound, three
quarters of a pound and three ounces. The
brown trout are more inclined to a fish diet
than our native char—the sharp teeth placed
on the roof of the mouth near the front clearly
indicate ‘a vomerine arrangement which shows
that the brown trout is a professional fish
eater, a salmon trout and not a char. How-
ever, every angler knows that even our na-
tive brook trout, though not so well provided
by Nature with teeth as are the salmon, does
not object to a feed of minnows semi-occa-
sionally; large shiner minnows providing a
particularly attractive bait for over-grown
fontinalis inhabiting still water, as many
rodsters have discovered. But the fact re-
mains that it is an unwise move to plant
water suited to brook trout with brown, the
latter grows so much more-rapidly, at the
rate of a pound a year in favourable water,
it is said, that the smaller fish does not seem
to have a fighting chance. In this country
the brown trout grows much more rapidly
than he does in his native land, which is
generally true of introdu fish, in this case
no doubt owing to the great abundance of
insect food hovering over our streams. While
a brown trout may grow at the rate of a
pound a year under favourable conditions,
that rate of growth does not continue over
four or five years, then decreases annually.
Six and eight pound brown trout are quite
common and we have records of much heavier
fish being taken. I believe in years to come,
fifteen and twenty pound fish will be taken,
neither do I see any reason why the brown
should not grow as large as he does in Ireland
where he is said to attain to a weight of thirty
pounds. It is well for our various fish com-
missions to remember the piscivorous nature
of the brown trout and not plant them in
streams already inhabitea with natives unless
the streams are no longer suitable for the

attained a foothold in this land. Then com- se
plaints began to be made that the foreigner
was a cannibal possessed-of an insatiable

740

latter, for to do so is mevitably to work the

destruction of the less aggressive fish. But
streams no longer tenantable for the brook
trout (and there are many such aue to a
variety of causes such as pollution, logging
operations, higher temperature of water, etc.,)
may advantageously be planted with the
more hardy brown trout; a fish that will
thrive in water much warmer than the brook
trout is able to endure, providing it is well
aerated, Coupled with the foregoing, the_
fact that the fish is somewhat of a gross
feeder, equipped by Nature to seize food as
fontinalis is not, marks the brown trout as
the logical successor of the more dainty and
less hardy creek beauty. It seems to me
that instead of planting brown trout with
brook trout we should plant the former in
company with rainbow, and neither in com-
pany with tne brook trout unless conditions
are such that tne latter fish is disappearing.
While I would not liken the brown trout to
German carp, the lesson that fish taught us
shoula be heeded lest we have cause to weep
when weeping is vain. While to-day we
may be able to catch brown trout and brook
trout in the same pool—I know streams where
it is possible every day of the open season—
yet that is no proof that the same conditions
obtain t6-morrow.”

There is much practical wisdom in the
above assertions. I have on record cases
where untenented streams, or fisned out
streams have been planted to brown trout
with the result that to-day, along those
courses one may find excellent fisning for
trout, by means of the fly, bringing them
into account and enhancing the value of the
country adjacent. The brown trout I find

ill hold out in waters that are too warm for
the brook trout. It is in every sense a hardy
fish; ana does not demand the well aerated
water the brook trout cannot do without. It
seems to thrive just as well in dead water
in streams as in the dashing water. I do not
say that, viewed from the point of angling
the deadwater trout is as good as the rapid
water trout; but merely state that the in-
stalling of trout in these waters, if they will
grow there, would enhance the territory
greatly. ;

It does seem peculiar to the present scribe
that if the brook trout in any manner show
a decrease, at once it is held that the rainbow
or a possible odd number of brown trout
have been tne cause of these depredations.
Can anything be more partial than this
epsilon? And is there not a possi-

ility that it is erroneous, at least in part?
_Here we have Wisconsin, and Michigan
Streams and any number of Canadian streams
pouring into the Great Lakes. Now a person
does not have to be half-way of an observer
to know that any number of rough fish ana
other fish are to be found in these streams at
almost any time of the year. A great por-
tion of these rough fish in fact go up thax
streams to spawn and then take their way
back to the various lakes. But, on the
other hand, a great majority of these fish
live right in the rivers, holding especially
to the deadwaters, but I can state cases in
common with Mr. Smith where these same
fish may be taken siae by side with the

s

s ay 8 ee et sae, - os ~
aa eee eg pee sg ~
various trouts, and right in among the

trout at that. Now to those who are fe
ing this I will make a remark that I want —
carefully turned over and aigested, if 1 am
allowed the word. Which would seem to be
most harmful to the preservation and per-
petuation of the speckled beauties—the pres-
ence of unwarranted numbers of desecrative _
rough fish in the streams, or the presence ¢
of a dubitable number of brown trout or
rainbows in that same stream, or streams, f
as the case may be, individually or in gen-
eral? Now anyone who is at all an observer
knows the destructiveness of these same ©
rough fish. ‘There is the sucker for instance; ,
sucking up spawn as he goes. Let a school of
depredating suckers descend upon the spawn-
7 grounds of the speckled brook trout and
allow them to apply their puckered mouths
to the eggs and I can positively assure you
that there will not be much left to continue
the race of fontinalis. But the sucker is
only one. What the other rough fish do not
take in finny form the sucker absorbs in the
shape of spawn. The carp, redhorse, (or 7
freshwater mullet); the chub-sucker and the ;
buffalo-fishes all help to do their part in kill-
ing off the trout in the rivers and in the ;
streams. And yet, even though such condi-
tions exist in such streams, still do ignorant,
uninformed people come out with the asser-
tion that the brown trout and the rainbow
trout are the cause of the decimation of the *
speckled beauties. Nothing, to my way of +4
thinking is more erroneous than this weak- ‘
bottomed allusion. Men connected with :
fish commissions know better and there is a,
not one of them you may approach who ;
will not say the same as the scribe has here ?
put down. I say, therefore, before you are t
unduly harsh toward either the brown trout or “4
the rainbow trout see to it that you have some
safe testimony from practical investigations.
The safest testimony I know of would be to
study the stomach contents of upwards of
two hundred brown trout taken from streams
where speckled brook trout are known to be.
If these studied stomach contents were proved
to contain a vast number of brook trout, in
various sizes, from fry to near grown fish
you may be sure that the brown trout is
destructive to a great degree. But has
anyone made this investigation? I think
not. Most of the statements have been j
sheer guesswork on the part of near-experts!
The brown trout will be the practical suc-
cessor of the speckled brook trout, there is
little doubt as to that. As the wild native
trout withdraw before the universal atten-
tion given them by the fishermen the streams
will be populated by other forms of fish,
and the hardy brown and rainbow trout —
will replace them. But as yet there is no 5
radical move in that direction and it may
be ten or more years before the brown trout
are comprehensively propagated distributed
again in fair quantities. ; =e
Much has been written in regard to the —
weight -the brown trout is liable to attain
and in regard to this I have some few remarks

- upon fish or minnow life, for
t more substantial is then needed
insect life would totally fail to supply,
and which, considering the proportion of
such large fish it would be ridiculous to ex-
pect to do so. But I will remark that it is
___ only in the large rivers where the brown trout
___ ever grow to a large size. I have in the last
_ six months taken a number of notes, from
correspondence with well-known fish authori-
s and the gist of their information seems
» be that brown trout will only attain a large
size in the rivers where immense amounts of
food, partaken of voraciously and in abund-
ance, without stinting themselves, makes for
a large growth—and since the brown trout is
not limited in this respect they keep right
on attaining weight and length till netted,
hooked or speared. They will rarely take
the fly I am told upon authority, both from
across the water and on these shores.

On the other hand, while there is a con-
clusive possibility of river brown trout attain-
ing to great weights, such as fifteen, or twenty
pounds (and you will be most likely to find
these in the deep, dead waters where these
a. sluggards lie), in the smaller streams, with
hie semi-forceful rapids and conservative flowage
of water the brown trout are liable to be
mature when they are ten to fifteen inches
in length, with a three to five pound weight.
Brown trout in cases such as this are like the
brook trout; they seem to keep the same
standard as to weight, length and habits.
The small stream brown trout 1s an insect
feeder most of the t.me like the brook trout,
because, for his part at least, the numbers of
minnows and fish life to be founa is scarce
and as a natural matter of course he becomes
a feeder upon insect life. Lacking an abun-
dance of flesh building food, which, if he had
access to it he would feed upon fiercely and
" unsparingly, the brown trout in the smaller
streams seems to be of a smaller weight and
_— of very conservative length. Only the river
brown trout attain to great proportions.

dan’s work and am not surprised to fina his
_ thoughts somewhat seem to jibe with mine.
_ = He says: ;
; “Large individuals of the brown trout are
usually found in lakes in the north, well
stocked with smaller fishes on which trout
may feed. Farther south, where the sur-
_ froundings are less favourable to trout-life
_ they become mature at a length of less than
a foot, and a weight of a few ounces. These
excessive variations in the size of individuals
have received too little notice from students
_ of Salmonidae. Similar variations occur in
_ all the non-migratory species of Salmo and
of Salvelinus. Numerous brown trout have
been recorded from northern Asia, but as
__-yet nothing can be definitely stated as to the
_ humber of species actually existing.”
The reception on this‘ continent of the
brown trout (Salmo jario) has been very cool
and distant indeed. Most angling writers
_ seem to be arrayea against him. Says Charles
Southard:
“The brown trout, from several stand-
pints, is without doubt the least attractive
‘Species of trout found in America,

at
“a

Mi , r 7 P ro at ge nN"
aldermanic in proportion which rise to the fly. _

_ Since writing the above I have stuaied Jor-

AG

less so than nearly, if not all, of the o
species, and I say this notwithstanding
fact that some few anglers (mostly dry
men) have cried early and late its game q
ties. It rises readily to the fly and stril
with some force; but when hooked, after
short struggle, during which it often break
water two or three times, it gives up, and
quite easily and quickly landed.

be, considered by all anglers “a fish of qu
ity,” but as yet, such is not
Williams C. Harris states:

the case.”

presence desirable
Only when it attains a weight of three or

more pounds does it offer resistence worthy
of its repute as a strong fighter, and even
then it has not the agility or the sturdy fight
of our native trout of a pound weight. Al-
though it has been heralded from over the —

brine as an acrobat when hookeu, I have yet
to find one, in a stream experience among
them of nearly twenty years, to come into
the air on a slack line.”

O. Warren Smith says: ‘There is no ques-
tion in my mind but that the introduced
fish, the salmon trouts (brown and rainbow)
are in all game points the peer of the native
brook trout. I have never witnessed a
brook trout, of his own free will, leap from
the water on a slack line.
hook a salmon trout, brown or rainbow,
and almost the first thing the fish does is
to leap free from the water. Not only once
does the salmon trout go into the air but
two, three and even more times. The sal-
mon trout is a resourceful gymnast, fond of
swift water and quick to take advantage of
the opportunities it offers. I agree with
Camp who states thac “purely as a sporting
proposition the brown trout is a deciued
success; in other words he puts up a good
fight.. There are markeu differences, how-
ever, in the way a brown conducts himself
when taking a fly, and thereafter, and the
behavior of the native brook trout. Es-
pecially notable is the fact that often the
brown trout will leap on a slack line.” I
have founa the brown trout more active on
a line than our speckled brook trout—a

ound fish putting up a very creditable
Battle indeed, and one that would do the
most particular angler’s heart goou. Un-
doubtedly in warmer and more sluggish
streams the brown trout loses spirit and
dash, for that, I think, is the general thing,
but where the streams are rapid and cold,
and the brown trout not overly large (from
one to two pounds say), there is a dash and
go about the fish’s method of fighting that
the brook trout, in the same environment,
the same stream, did not possess.”

Dr. Edward Breck, the well-known out-
doorman, remarks: “‘As an ancient angler
who has angled for the brook trout since
birth, and for brown trout many seasons,
both in England and Germany, dry-fly and
wet fly, I must ask you (addressing the above
writer) to forgive me if I take exception

wee
J

“The brown
trout as found in waters of this continent has —
no esteemed angling qualities that render its’
in our trout streams.

F
S

On the other hand, ~

If there —
were no other kind of trout that would rise
to the fly in this country than this foreigner, __
the brown trout might and probably would <

on a

742.

to your dictum regarding the comparative
fighting qualities of the two species, since
you give the palm to the fario. Now I have
not fished for fario on this siae of the Atlantic,
and it may be that, after receiving the bene-
fit of the American waters, if they have any
not shared by those of Germany and old
England, this fish may gain in liveliness. If
not, then I cannot conceive how anyEod?
can compare the two fish at all, as, accord-
ing to my experience, the lovely American
charr has the other fish stung to death for
liveliness and fight. I have never seen a
brown trout jump out of water at all. I
cannot imagine fario doing such a thing.
On the other hand, while the brook trout
does not commonly leave the water on a
slack line, I have seen it do so time and time
again. The brown trout is a logy loafer
compared with the Northern fontinalis, ac-
cording to my past. But by this it does
not mean that I, in any manner, decry the
brown trout. Far from it; but I do believe
our fish is the better, as he certainly is the
most handsome. There need be no enmity
between two such fine chaps, anyhow. Only
—the truth is truth!”

Other well-known writers submit briefs
on the brown trout, Charles Bradford holde
ing that: “When the brown trout was in-
troduced in the brook trout streams of Penn-
sylvania some years ago fly-fishermen_con-
demned the act because they believed the
brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) was super-
ior to the brown trout as a game fish. De-
forestation, rendering the streams too warm
for the brook trout, has changed the fly-
fisherman’s feeling in the matter. The brown
trout cannot thrive in warm water, and with
the brook trout’s gradual extermination the
brown trout is being welcomed as the next
best thing.”

Louis Rhead comments that:

“T rarely catch a brown trout during the
latter half of April; and when I do, they are
poor, thin, ill-conditioned things. In the
Catskill region (New York) the brown trout
begin heavy feeding about the middle of
May, and they soon regain their plumpness
by continuously eating, night and day. At

‘this season they never stop eating, as they

do in summer when they feed only at night
from sundown. On the first of May I caught
a nineteen-inch trout on a big night-walker
during a sudden stream-floo t was so
emaciated and thin as to weigh but a pound
and a half, whereas in fine condition it would
have been at least as heavy again. As I
would never eat such a skinny-looking thing
I put it back in the stream uninjured. With
speckled trout conditions are entirely differ-
ent. They are exceedingly active in play
when captured, attacking both fly and bait
with equal vim, and are plump and in splen-
did condition when the season opens. This
establishes a fact, I think: that the brown
trout does little or no feeding during the
winter, and that the brook or speckled trout
feed at all seasons. I have opened many
a well-conditioned native trout early in the
season, to find that their stomachs contain
little food—mostly small creepers from the
river bed, a mixed mass, black in colour,
showing they devoured both creeper and

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA —_

=" AORN ae Ore) ea Soe
by j 4
*

case. Our native trout, I think, does n

begin to eat fish food till it attains, a fair —
growth of about ten inches in length, whereas _

the brown trout takes very small fish as food
when only five inches long, or about a year
old; they will take artificial flies before that.”

There is nothing exaltingly beautiful about
the coloration of the brown trout, though
there are times, when, in odd waters one may
take forth a brown trout that is shaded or
hued differently from the average. On the
other hand the brown trout is a fair approach
to the brook trout in the matter of coloration
features. It should be no trick, but a glance
to tell a brown trout from a rainbow trout.
A brown trout has well pronounced teeth in
the forward part of the roof of the mouth.
The brook trout has none of the sort. The
brook trout can always be told by the worm-
track reticulations arrayed on its olive-green
back, and on its dorsal, or back fin. The
brown trout has none of these reticulations.
The scales of the brook trout are so small
they can only be located on the fish by means
of alens. The brown trout has large scales,
easily discernible, much more so in fact than
on the rainbow trout. In some specimens
of the fario taken out of unclear rivers they
have a coarse look that is not at all becoming.
In coloration there is liable to be a difference
all depending upon the water taken in, the
environment, the part of the country, (though
not necessarily the time of the year, the
season); and the age of the fish. As a rule
the brown trout is brownish green of back
with (on its sides) a well marked lateral line.
Very few of the red, or vermillion spots occur
above the lateral line, as is the case in the
brook trout occasionally; most of them are
below this line and are twice or three times
more in number on fario than on fontinalis.
A marked distinguishing feature in the brown
trout is the numerous black spots on the
body above the lateral line, which the brook
trout does not in any respect have. These
spots as a rule stana out sharp, round ana
clear. The belly of the brown trout is sven
white and in the rounded curve directly

above the belly the colour is yellowish, tinted _—

occasionally with green, getting darker as
it reaches the lateral line. There are from
five to six round black spots on the gill covers
and toward the top of the head. There are
at least three rows of black spots evenly set
‘on the dorsal or back fin. On the adipose, or
fatty fin there are three red spots. There
are no spottings whatever on the tail, which
is uniformly greenish, edging on brownish.
It is square cut. :

There is a sub-species of the original Salmo
fario (which is the English Brown Trout),
known as the Loch Leven Trout (Salmo-
jario-levenensis). The Loch Leven trout is

said to be far and away a better fighting fish © 4

than the German fario, and it is, I may say,
found here and there throughout the waters
of the continent where in experimentation
it has been planted.

In the culture and planting of suitable
trout in various waters Ernest Philips, a

well-known English writer on angling says: —
“There are three species of trout av le

for turning down into new waters, an
may be expected that I shall say somet.

ike. reservoirs.

‘ 2:
ee

espective merits. The three are
out, Loch Levens, and rainbows.
[in my mind I have not the faintest hesita-
on in recommending that brown trout are
a long way the best fish for inclosed waters
i Loch Levens come second,
and rainbows a bad third. The brown trout
is a native of these islands. He is the best
of all our sporting fish, the most widely dis-
tributed and he thrives in any fresh water,
be it stream or lake. In Scotland and some
parts of the north of England he is known
as the yeliow trout, to distmguish him from
the white trout, which is the local name for
the sea trout. It used to be argued that
there were many species of trout, but it seems

jet tolerably clear that there is only one—and

that is the brown trout of Englana and Wales,
the yellow trout of Scotland. Loch Leven
and other varieties, peculiar to certain dis-
tricts, are the result of different surroundings,
different food and other circumstances which
may not only affect the habits of a fish but
even produce a change in its coloration.
The brown irout, the most characteristic
form, 1s a beautiful fish, full of spirit, a good
riser to the fly and rapidly attains a great
weight. In some respects, or at all events
in some waters, the Loch Leven is a more
beautiful fish and when he is hooked it may
be agreed that he shows better sport—having
_a liking for gymnastics more highly developed
than you will notice in the case of his browner
brother. Many people place the Loch Leven
on a higher plane as a sport provider than
the brown trout.”

Angling for the brown trout is much the
same as angling for the brook trout, and
what appertains and is suitable for one is
practically as suitable for the other, for they
are by nature and to a certain extent, in
habits, the same. Because the brown trout
has teeth ana uses them on a fish diet do not
for a moment believe that he will not rise
to the fly, for he does. But the tackle for
rough waters, as in rivers, and the tackle for
use on the milder, smaller streams and brooks
is quite different. On the calmer streams
lighter tackle can be used, but on the rapid
rivers it is always best and safest to use
heavier tackle. I vastly prefer a Bristol

steel rod of nine and one half foot length
for this sort of fishing; a durable enamellea,
tapered line, a gooa Telarana Nova leader,
and for flies the Number 8’s and 10’s are by
far the best; very small flies should not be~
tried for, as a rule, they are not successful.

ed, BILEING_ NOW ays
ree LO EL EIN CEN © 4 Ne ee

For brown tro ut

wv ik
Bt at of ates Unis Ny ag

Lge TS ei tt

you either fish wet yr
On the dry fly some very good brown
can be taken, often on turbulent wa
experimentation along these essential
has proven. The average brown trout te
is not large. Do not get a notion into your —
head that you stand liable to get a ten, fifteen —
or twenty pound brown trout for you never
will—not on a fly. Your average brown —
trout is often far under a pound though
ranging from this to a pound and a half —
with two and three pound fish, a foot long,
offered as large. For rapid rivers it is always
best—if one wishes to escape many di ey, eS
culties—to be equipped with a not too highly
speeded automatic reel. I know of noting
that gathers the line up so readily, and neatly
as this reel, and there is absolutely not a
possibility of a trout getting away through
reason of slack line. Merely a touch on the
reel lever and it automatically adjusts itself

ana revolves, taking in the line. A reel such ©
as this is a demand for river fishing, where

the water is rapid and footing is treacherous. _

And now we close this article, the largest
individual appraisement of space ever accord-
ed the brown trout upon this continent,
but before doing so let us recall the words
of Mr. Neal Brown, a painstaking student of
Nature, a true Angler and Sportsman, who
has said:

“Among vain imaginings should be placed
those warnings of hysterical anglers against
rainbow trout. They will aver that rainbow
trout in a stream soon will destroy all the
brook trout. This never has happened in
any stream and never will happen. In all
trout streams the rainbow trout will always
be in a hopeless minority. He grows lusty
and vigorous in all trout waters where the
brook trout thrives, and he probably often
takes ;toll of his more exquisite cousin, but
he is-not prolific enough to become a mon-
opoly. In most streams the supply of rain- -
bow trout must be constantly replenished
from the hatcheries or it wilk dwindle away
to an occasional specimen. The rainbow
trout “will not run out the brook trout.”
But he will at all times furnish a fightin
diversion that will tingle the butt of a ro
as no brook trout can do. The brook trout
always will be the Angler’s greatest joy,
but the Brown Trout (Salmo fario) and the
Rainbow Trout (Salmo irideus) add variety
to the social life of the streams.”

Which essentially reflects my opinion!

a mystic place in which to be.

Robert Page Lincoln

HE frosty breath of winter covers the

lakes and the streams, with a mantle

of crystal ice until the warming sun of
spring is again out in the clear blue heavens.
Over all the landscape the snow lies thick
and heavy and drifted; here in undulations,
there smooth and unmarred; and in the
depth of the woods the mystery of winter
is more profound in its solemnity than ever.
It is indeed a fascinating world that presents
itself to view: Under that white blanket of
snow everything is asleep, awaiting the com-
ing of warm weather before the buds break
their husk wrappers and spread in the glory
of foliage that makes the summer such a
charming season. Only in the oak woods
the brown, sere leaves remain on some of
the trees, while evergreens show up dark
against the ermine wastes. On some morn-
ings too the hoar frost having been busy dur-
ing the night, a wonderland is spread before
the view. What was barrenness and desola-
tion the day before has now been touched
with magic fingers. There is not a branch
that is not inlaid with crystal. What mar-
velous wonders one night of frost may work
among such barrens! One is reminded of
plum trees snowy with blossoms, cherry

- trees thick with bloom; or the famous prune

orchards of the Santa Clara Valley of Cali-
fornia stretching before one, mile upon mile,
thick set with white. In the depths of the
woodland there is a deep, sepulchral silence,
broken only now and then by a winter bird,
a nuthatch, or a chicadee, busy at grubbing
out eggs and tree lice from among the pro-
tecting crevices of the bark. Truly it is
Or after a
night’s fall of snow what a beautiful sight
the morning will reveal to the eye. The
meanest twig or the most worm-eaten and
unappealing branch is now finely festooned
with an elaborate construction of pure snow.
What a picture indeed! The gravest woods-

-man scans the scene with an ever recurring
- feeling of wonder, and finds always some-

thing new and beautiful in the midst of this
great, unbroken scene of white. Here are
all the grotesque fashionings that one can

_ imagine; here are columns and arches of

white snow, the whole world of grim Nature
seeming to have been transformed into a

mighty cathedral with the gray sky above

as its mighty roof.

There is much in the realm of winter to
marvel at, and in one’s own particular way
to appreciate. We are not all tuned alike
in this respect. Not all of us are sincere
lovers of winter; and not all of us are sincere
lovers of summer, in which one also sees
many discomforts that are quite alien to
winter. The summer heats and the insects
that predominate in this season make it not
altogether a success in the opinion of some
of us. With the coming of winter one is on
the jump, alert and keen in every muscle.
One must keep his blood up to be warm. The

744

"Ve

summer sluggishness, one feels, is a thing —
of the past. The red corpuscles make the
cheeks healthy of hue. Winter’s clutch upon
things is often bitter and relentless, and
it has its severe discomforts, but a hardy
race of people of the north are well able to —
stand it at its worst and still speak words
of praise ot it. ;
In Canada winter is but the beginning of
a series of pleasures and merrymaking that
has established itself in the minds of all
people as an institution. There is toboggan-
ing, ski-ing, skating, curling and snow-
shoeing. It takes a northern people to per-
haps appreciate fully northern sports when
those sports are of wintry sequence. In a
word the season comes naturally upon them
and instead of winter’s approach being dread- |
ed it is eagerly awaited. Thousands of
people from the States are now annually
coming into Canada for a matter of two or
three weeks’ vacation, to see and appreciate
some of the outdoor sports for which Canada
is most noted.
When the lakes and streams are sealed by
the icy breath off the ice-pans of the Arcties,
fishing is quite forgotten by a majority of
the populace. And yet fishing through the
ice is followed to such an extent in Canada
that it amounts, in a measure, to quite an
industry if we are allowed the use of that
term. In .the sense of commercialization,
the selling of a catch to the market this keeps
the industry at standard; but for home con-
sumption ice fishing is best recognized; and
it is in this degree that it has its attraction
to many of the people. As a natural re-
source fishing is ever at Canada’s door, to
be had for the asking any season of the year,
and surely winter is not excluded. Some of
these northern lakes have been but little
fished—so little that through the ice in the
dead of winter one may harvest all that he
can use or all that a thousand people could
use, if it should come to that. One need
never starve in Canada as long as one has a
line, a hook and something of infiniteismal
value with which to bait that hook. It is
said that in places the porcupine is judiciously
protected for the reason that if a man is
Starving in the wilderness this animal is
the easiest to procure, being so dumb and
fearless of man’s presence that he may readily
be approached and killed with a club—thus
being the means on occasion of saving a
man’s life. But, on the other hand, we have
a supply of fish, which, in wilderness lakes
are often so easily procured that the porcu- —
pine and the handy club are not needed.”
A hole in the ice (or a spring-holeinastream);
any sort of a constructed line; something
glittering as a lure and a sharp-pronged stick __
would do as much to save a man at times
as the above mentioned porcupine. ee
Ice fishing is roundly condemned by
number of sportsmen, who believe it
thing more or less than a meat market |

formance—when the mere getting of the fish
is the end in view. An immense number of
ice-fishing devotees however love it for a
sport, and as their numbers far over-shadow
those who are against it it goes to show that
there must be some inherent attraction in
it. It is moreover in the dead of winter
when fish are not so easily procured that
they are more valued and esteemed as a
food. In the heat of summer they may have
been but sparingly touched; now, however,
one’s appetite is heightened in proportion to
the cold, and the demand for more fuel must
needs be answered. What has cloyed in
the summer is now partaken of with keener
delight. O. Warren Smith has remarked of
winter fishing through the ice:

“Probably most devotees of the gentle art
think of Winter as a time for retrospection
and anticipation; a time for reparation and
preparation. Few indeed have discovered
that Winter offers opportunities for whole-
souled, red-blooded enjoyment; piscatorial
opportunities the like of which Dame Sum-
mer, with all her flowers, birds and leaves
can not duplicate. Do not mistake me. I
like Summer all right, with her birds, mus-
callonge, trout and pore-opening heat; but
I ‘also find Winter with his cold breath,
skates, ice-.ishing and universal snow gen-
uinely enjoyable. True, one must become
inured to the frost before attempting long
outdoor excursions in Winter. It would be
the height of folly for one who has been pent
up in house or office for three or four months
to venture out on a windswept lake, say in
February, when the mercury sometimes drops
below the zero mark and goes to sleep for
days. A zero temperature, a _forty-mile
wind and an open lake spell frost-bite in
large letters. Comparatively few anglers
know the real joy of ice-fishing, regarding it
-as essentially a commercial enterprise, be-
cause, forsooth, nine-tenths of the habitues
of the white fields are exacting market fisher-
men. But not-always does a cluster o1 fish-
houses mark the presence of commercial
fishermen, sometimes those little shacks shel-
ter as ardent disciples of father Walton as
are found upon the banks of the mid-summer
streams. No doubt a comfortable stove-
heated cabin offers certain attractions to the
sluggish-blooded urban dweller, afraid of
cold wind and chilled fingers; but I wish to
enter a plea for the real thing; winter fishing
with the bark off. There is a certain at-
tractiveness and fascination in facing Jack
Frost in his chosen domain, bearding this

im winter lion in his den. In Holy Writ
here is the story of a certain hero who went
down into a pit on a snowy day and slew

a lion, an act of valour which brought it's own.

reward. So the man faces the bitter cold
of a wind-swept lake when the mercury
hovers about the zero point in winning some-
thing besides a few perch and pickerel, as
the case may be. There is no more health-
giving recreation than that of ice-fishing
with the bark off. What we need in robbing
Winter of its terrors is simply the courage
to face it and then behold December is as
pleasant as May!”

One of the most common sighis on the
Great Lakes and other northern bodies of

_ FISHING NOTES —

tO ee

water in the winter is the Indian fisherm
The outfit of the Indian fisherman is simple.
It isa Cie nt line, a durable hook, some ©
chopped fish for bait and the ingrown, in- ©
domitable, four-ply-expansion courage to sit

there over a hole the greater part of a day

catching a dubious amount of fish. Your

Indian cuts his hole, washes out the frag-
ments of ice with his hands, baits up and
then throws his blanket over him and his
aperture and waits—waits,
needs be to eternity for a bite. Sometimes
for an hour no movement is seen. Through
the haze of a gale he will be just a dark blot

seemingly, if

upon the vision—a dark blot that does not

stir or show any animation whatsoever.

Yet what the Indian is content with and
can readily stand the white man looks upon
with not a little disfavour. Many build
board shacks, big enough to accommodate
a person and a stove. These shacks are
portable affairs and are set on a toboggan,
or ski runners and can be moved from place
to place to suit the fancy of the fisherman
and the peculiar movements of the fish.
Practically it is a comfortable method and
is largely in use. In such a shack no mat-
ter how cold it is a tiny oil stove will heat it
up, or nothing but a strong-burning lantern
will do the work. The lantern at the same
time furnishes light and forms an attraction
for the fish, calling them in from the depths,
it all depending upon the depth of the water.
On the other hand shelters are made very
simply with balsam or spruce brush, a few
teepee poles first having been made firm
around the fishing hole. This method I
may say is largely in use. It is simply meant
to steer the wind away; the garments of the
fisherman keep him warm. The best fish-
ing grounds are decided by means of not a
little observation and wisdom. One remem-
bers in the summer where he has had his
best success; and duplicates in winter the
plans he went into in summer. If one is
after such fishing as, say, members of the
pike family he wil]l likely as not choose a
place off a rocky point of land, in the brink
of the deep water. Here the fish seem to
follow a pathway, trending from there into
the more secluded bays. Not always, how-
ever, is fishing, in the usual sense of the word,
employed. Your Indian or native will cover
over the hole and lie in wait for big fish
to come in—and he will be equipped with a
sharp pronged spear. ‘To lure in these larger
fishes one has something on the order of an
artificial minnow, denuded as to hooks.
The native fisherman ingeniously carves out
a minnow of wood and colours it to suit his
taste and fancy. This minnow is allowed
a proper length of line and is dropped down
in the water. It is drawn up and down with
quivering and erratic motions. If a fish
happens into that territory, as they will,
your native employs his minnow juggling
with even greater and more seductive de-
liberation. The large fish, who, because of
the darkness above (in the shack or the
shelter) is not able to see the waiting human
will trail that minnow to the very surface of
the water. Then the needle-pronged spear
- suddenly driven down with death-dealing
orce.

746

As far as I am able to discover only one
member of the whitefish family can be caught
through the ice in the winter, and that with
the poorest smattering of success, namely the
Rocky Mountain whitefish (Coregonus wil-
liamsoni). All others of the whitefish family,
the Labrador and the Great Lakes whitefish
all retire to the deepest depths of the Lakes
and consistently refuse to take the hook no
matter what bait is offered. For one thing
they are almost impossible to reach, and
another thing their location is not a matter
of common knowledge. However whitefish
are taken throughout the northwest, and as
I understand in the western part of Ontario.
In the smaller lakes I have no doubt they are
taken by hook and lines, as may be true of the
rivers and streams where they may happen
to be. Else where does the musher of the
great west get his great supplies of frozen
whitefish for his own use and as a food all’
the winter long for his huskies, or sledge-
dogs. In point of fact the whitefish is, one
might say, the staff of life of the husky. I
have been told that whitefish in the moun-
{ain region of the west are easily taken
through the ice in winter, but if this is true I
cannot say. The reason may be that these
whitefish can be readily reached by lines
and again, the fishermen may know just
where these whitefish schools hold them-
selves) To my way of thinking, if the white-
fish contingent can be located, and_ bait
offered them, some success at least should re-
sult; but it remains a fact that the whitefish
bluntly refuse the bait and cannot be taken
in the Great Lakes region. I understand
however chat there is a method of taking the
- whitefish in winter known as “bobbing for
whitefish.” Just what sort of a method this
is I do not know, but it sounds suspiciously
like something connected with fishing through
the ice.

A winter fish, taken through the ice of
more prominence yet is the lake trout, more
commonly known in Canada as the grey trout.
_ In the deep freshwater lakes one is almost
always repaid with some excellent catches
of this fish and no exceptionally scientific
methods need be employed. As one writer
has rather bluntly said: ‘“‘A powerful oiled
hempen or flaxen line with a heavy sinker;
a cod hook, baited with any kind of flesh,
fish or fowl—is the most successful, if not
the most orthodox or scientific mode of cap-
turing him. His great size and immense
strength alone give him value as a game
fish; but when hooked he pulls strongly and
fights hard, though he is a boring, deep
fighter, and seldom if ever, played on a rod,
leaps out of the water, like the true salmon
or the brook trout.”

But not a great number of large lake trout
are taken in winter, or any of the time*for
that matter. The inland lakes, as in the
famous Ontario region yield some very fine
catches of the well-known namaycush. For
instance in the Algonquin National Park
it is one of the recognized pleasures in the
winter season there to take in the grey trout
fishing, or other fishing as it obtains. One
will have vastly better luck in fishing for
the various pikes and the grey trout if a
single spinner or a matter of two spinners

eek A oY
be used on

for the grey trout (the lure par excellence)
is a shining minnow of some four or “. :
inches in length, if such are procurable.
Connected to the hook the minnow takes
its way along in the water, or when it be- —
comes inert the attraction is kept up in a
consistent manner by the glittering spoon
or spinner. The addition of a spinner or two

Fi g
Fig. 1—Shows how a double hook may be used in col-

laboration with a small spinner in winter minnow-fish-
ing through the ice.

’
in the matter of ice fishing often has the re-
sult of allowing you a good catch where other-
wise your luck would not be anywhere near “
up to the average. For the purpose the well-
known Skinner spoons are more than note- é
worthy in this respect. The Skinner double ss
trolling spoon listed as Number 21 in the ~
catalogue is exceptionally good for the pur-
pose in view. If it is not desired that the
bare gang be used, this gang may be taken
off and a single hook put on, with the lure,
in the shape of a minnow thereto. In the
water these two twirling spoons or spinners
give up the appearance of one fish chasing
another. Not always in winter, however,

Fig. II—Shows the so-called tip-up advocated by O-
Warren Smith, the well-known angling author.
Fig. III—Shows how this tip-up is constructed.

are minnows of the fishing sort to be found.
In that case the fisherman must needs find
a substitute. A bit of pork rind is readily
cut the shape of a minnow and is hooked on.
This at times proves just as enticing as the —
live minnow, if the tandem spoons I have ~
spoken of are used. The pork rind when

i)
+ et ¥
Ene ay

| has been in the water a short time turns

a pure white and is very attractive. Then

again a V-shaped strip of the shiny under-
parts of a fish is hooked on with success.

- But if such bait is used for a lure it is always

well to use a spinner of some sort with it.

It is needless to relate here that the large
pickerel, the northern pike and the mus-
callonge at this season run in deep water
and one must needs let down good line to
reach them. The lively minnow, or perch,
if it can be obtained is a reputable winner
with these savage fishes and leads above all
others. If handline fishing it is well to
allow your fish to run with the lure, for as
he runs with it he is mouthing it. Let him
run ten feet or so and then set the hooks
well. If you are fishing deep water off
the rocks where from past experience you
know that the pickerel, muskies or pike run,
be sure that you have a quantity of line on
hand. Do not attempt to fish bare handed,
holding the line. The line shooting through

- your hand will cut it as a knife would. These

larger fishes caught in the winter-time always
make a dash with the speed of an express.
To halt them on the instant is sure loss to
you of your fish. Let them run well even
after you have them hooked. The largest
fish are taken in the winter and it is only
then, practically that you may expect to get
the very biggest ones. Therefore there is
pate reason for making the above re-
marks. Another point: if you are going
to attempt getting big fish off the rocks or
in the chosen grounds of these preying fishes,
be sure to have a long line and play your fish
back and forth under the ice as you would
with rod and reel. Thus, having tired him
slightly you will have at least a chance of
getting him in.

Another thing. Fishing through a small
six inch hole is courting disaster, for you will
never get a good sized fish through a hole
that size. Cut your hole big enough!

The taking of larger fish through the ice
has proved that after a frantic effort to free
themselves they will come in following the
line. In the midst of a savage rush the fish
will suddenly stop as though he has freed
himself. You will frantically in turn take
in line, with heart falling. But he is all the
time following that line. There is the time
to watch out. When he appears at the hole
he must be taken out in a different manner.
If you are in a fishing shack you can reaaily
see him coming in when a timely rifle bullet
will quiet him; otherwise, when you are
standing above in plain sight he will see you
and I can assure you that your chances of
landing him when he makes his next dash are
very slim indeed.

In fishing for the smaller fishes, the various
sunfish, calico bass, perch anu bass the smaller
size of minnow ts the best. A two :nch chub
or shiner has merits that need not here be
commented upon. In the winter time the
fisherman will find it hard indeed to procure

FEE nan aCe a yest eRe S

FISHING NOTE

these minnows, but if he will follow
directions here ips he will no doubt
all that is needed for his purpose. Nam
Go to your creek or some stream wher
you are sure from past observations the
are minnows.
over rapids, cut a hole in the ice.

In some pool below a sealed
In cases

where I have done this the water has not *
been more than two feet in depth. Previous-

ly a cloth mosquito netting has been stretched _
hoop some two feet or more across. _
At four balancing points around the edge of —
this hoop are connecteu cords, which in turn —

over a

are connected and fastened to a stick with
which it can be lifted out of the water.
net is sunken in the water and the minnows
are enticea to come over it by scattering
corn-meal or cracker crumbs over it. When
a suitable number are over the netting it-

is liftea, and those taken are put into the

waiting minnow pail. The water in the
pail shoulu be changed often. One may, on
the other hand keep a large supply in a tub
at home. In such a case they will not die
so fast if you put various lakes vegetations
in this tub, such as northern moss, etc. They
feed both upon this moss and the countless
parasites that adhere to the moss. This 1s
a practical hint that can be made use of not
only in the winter but also in the summer.

For the procuring of the larger minnows
one often uses a very small hook, and baiting
it with a minute piece of white pork drops
his line in some deep hole in the creek where
it seems the minnows, chubs and shiner have
their rendezvous. In this manner some siz-
able lures can be obtained and one has luck
In proportion. Give me a large, lively perch,
chub or shiner ana in the winter days on the
ice I assure you I can show you a good pick-
Se a nice musky or a lively great northern
pike.

In ice fishing on the bare ice, without a
shelter one either stands and holds the line
in hand waiting for the bite, with a cork on
the surface of the hole, or he has what is
known as a tip-up.
of a certain tip-up as follows:

“The length of this tip-up 1s twenty inches;
width at large end, three inches; width at
small end one and one half inches. The ends
of the tip-up are hollowed or notched simply
to form a convenient winder for the line.
The line is attached to the small end of the
tip-up and wound or unwound as the line
is desired long or short. Twenty to forty
feet of line, according to the depth of the
water that is being fished. A sinker should
be used so that the line will sink well and
quickly. It is a good plan to paint the tip-
up some bright colour, or at least to attach
a red rag to the large ena so that it will be
maae visible at a distance.”

For catching the smaller fish see to it that
you have a fine, thin, strong line, such as the
ouenaraett line I have spoken of in a past
article.

QIN

This ss

O. Warren Smith speaks ©

THE STURGEONS AND GARPIKES

Robert Page Lincoln

am recalled to the fact that there are
if some very important, yet strange forms

of fish life among us that the people at
large are not very well acquainted with. This
is not in any sense of the word strange be-
cause these very fish are not commonly seen
any time a person wants to visit the streams
and lakes of the country. I have a letter
before me which asks tor information along
these lines. It reads as follows: “‘Can you
give me some enlightenment on the subject
of the sturgeon, a fish that I understand is
found to a great extent in the waters of Can-
ada, but which, to the best of my knowledge
I have not seen. I understand that the
sturgeon grow to an immense size and that
specimens are taken in British Columbia
streams that weigh up to eight hundred
pounds. Is there truth in this? Are these
jarge sturgeon found in the rivers? It seems
hardly credible. There is another fish found
in our waters that you may be able to give me
some information about and that is the gar-
fish. Inhabitants here tell me that the gar-
fish has a skin so tough that it is quite im-
possible to drive a spear through it. Is this
true?”

The sturgeon is found to a great extent in
many of the waters of the continent of North
America. Taken as a whole, including no
doubt all portions of the world there are known
to be thirty species in existence, which are
divided into what is known as three genera.
One of these three is found in Asia and with
that we are in no way concerned. Of the
two general upon this continent there is
Scaphirhynchus of the middle States south-
ward, and the sturgeon of the north, namely:
Acipenser. Various names however are ac-
corded the various species, found in different
parts of the hemisphere. The sturgeon is one
of those fishes that retain to a vast extent
many of the obnoxious features of the pre-
historic fish, being ill-shaped, and ill-fashioned
It has a very prominent snout. It is quite de-
void of teeth, and has a mouth something like
that of the undemonstrative sucker—in point
of fact to obtain its food the sturgeon absorbs
food by semi-sucking it up, sucker-fashion.
The sturgeon is rough-skinned and is queer
looking by reason of five rows of what are
known as bony plates. In the words of

Hornaday it “looks as if Nature had once de-
cided to cover it with a bullet-proof suit of
bony armor, but, after setting three or four
rows of plates on each side, had grown weary
of the task and abandoned it. Had the plan
been wrought out to a finish, it would now be
necessary to skin every sturgeon with an ax.
The mouth of a sturgeon is situated under-
neath the head and is provided with long,
sucker-like lips, for taking food off the bot-
tom. The principal food of sturgeons, is
small, thin-shelled mollusks,—and other fishes
are not eaten save on occasions so rare they
are not worthy of note.”” The sturgeon is not
a fish that loves the surface of the streams and

748

at
et - y

*

ise.
na t
~
Py
.

the lakes, but invariably seeks the bottom, — |
where he moves indolently along, searching
out food. While Hornaday holds that it lives
on shell-food most of the time yet Jordan
avers that: “Ordinarily the sturgeon feeds
on mud and snails with other small creatures,
but I have seen large numbers of Eulcahon in
the stomach of the Columbia River sturgeon.
This fish and the Eulachon run in the Col-
umbia at the same time, and the sucker-
mouth of a large sturgeon will draw into it
numbers of small fishes who may be unsus-
piciously engaged in depositing their spawn.
In the spawning season in June these clumsy
fishes will often leap wholly out of the water
in their play.”” It must not be thought that
the sturgeon is wholly a freshwater fish for
he is not. While there are a great number
of inland, freshwater sturgeons, at the same
time there are sturgeon that are found in the
sea, which, however ascend the streams to cast
their spawn in the late spring or the early
summer. In this respect we have for. at-
tention the great White Sturgeon (Acipenser
transmonianus) which is found in the Pacific
ranging all the way from northern California
to the extreme northern coast of Alaska. It
is this sturgeon that attains to the greatest
known weight of any sturgeon on this con-
tinent or in any part of the world for that
matter. When our correspondent asks about
an eight hundred pound fish taken in the
waters of a British Columbia stream, he has
been informed rightly: they do attain to that
weight andaccording to one authority -on the
matter there is a sturgeon on record taken from
northwestern waters that measured thirteen
feet and weighed over one thousand pounds,
This however is an exception, if the record
holds true; but eight hundred, and six hund-
red and five hundred pound fish should not —
arouse overmuch curiosity. In point of fact
the above-named species of large sturgeon has
been found numerously in the waters of
Snake River in the State of Idaho reaching all
the way up to six hundred pounds in weight.

However the freshwater sturgeon is quite
another proposition, and the sturgeons of the
north with which Canadians are best ac-

quainted are the Lake Sturgeon (Acipenser —
rubucundus), found throughout the whole
Great Lakes region and “adjacent waters of
good depth”. This fish rarely attains to a
great weight and a fifty pound fish is large
enough to arouse some curiosity. They are
in length all the way from four to seven feet.
This sturgeon is the great inland commerical
fish which has been ardently pursued by the
fishermen both for their flesh, which has a
ready market and for their bladders which are ©
also made use of. In the Report of the ©

y Sa
h over that o
-rovince of Ontario. E
‘he eggs of the sturgeon are now highly
sought after and have been marketed for a
number of years. In Canada this product
sells as Russian Caviare. Hornaday esti-
_ mates that a cask of sturgeon roe, taken from
a fish weighing one hundred and thirty pounds
_ is worth one hundred and ten dollars! But
says a writer: “The Sturgeon is now well
_ down the toboggan-slide to oblivion whereas
in the year 1904 it was at the zenith ox its
prosperity.” So unceasingly, and often so
indiscriminately has this fish been followed
_ that it appears, to be only a matter of time
___ before the sturgeon will become one of the rare
fish of this continent. As populations gain
_ in numbers, and as the beef supply lessens,
more and more fish are consumed. Where in
the past the sturgeon was absolutely held in
open disdain and deemed unfit to eat, now we
find him-fished for everywhere with more and
more zeal. The flesh has been found to be
tasty and has a commercial value of vast
importance. For a history of the decline of
the sturgeon, one should turn to the report
of Hugh M. Smith, the U. S. Fish Commis-
sioner who says:

“The story of the sturgeons is one of the
most distressing in the whole history of the
_ American fisheries. These large, inoffensive
fishes of our seaboards, coast rivers and in-
terior waters were for years considered

not onlv to be almost valueless, but nuisances,

and whenever they became entangled in the

fishermen’s nets they were knocked in the
head or otherwise mortally wounded and
_ thrown back into the waters. Even in the
present generation we have seen the shores
-of the Potomac River in the vicinity of Mount
Vernon lined with the decomposing c4rcasses
of these magnificent fishes, witnesses to the
cruelty, stupidity and profligacy of man, and
the same thing has been observed every-
where in our country. The next chapter
in the story was the awakening of the fisher-
mien to the fact that the eggs of the Sturgseons
had value as food. Then followed the most
___ reckless, senseless fishing imaginable, with the
- result that in a comparatively few years the
best and most productive waters were de-
pleted, and what should have been made a
permanent fishery of great profit was des-
_ treyed. Even after the great value of the
_ Sturgeon began to be appreciated by every
one, the immature and unmarketable fish
- incidentally caught in seines, gill-nets and
_ pound nets were ruthlessly destroyed as
- muisances. On the Atlantic coast the catch
of the Sturgeon fell from 7,00t,000 pounds
_ to less than 1,000,000 in fifteen years. On
_ the Pacific coast the same meteoric decrease
was enacted, a catch of over 3,000,000 pounds
annually in the early nineties being followed
a few hundred thousand pounds in later
ears in the same decade, with no improve-
- ment since that time. On the Great Lakes

_the yield declined more than 90 per cent in 18
In the waters of the Lake of the
s, one of the most recent grounds for

xploitation of the Sturgeon, the catch
re: over 96 per cent in ten years.
eon fishery as a whole, north and
ed its climax about 1890. For

os vet

f the year before,

A)

e)

two or three¥years the annual catch
12,000,000 to 15,000,000 pounds. At tl
present time (1913) the total yield does no
exceed 1,000,000 pounds, and everywhere
there is a steady downward trend in the

catch. Some rivers that formerly supported

a flourishing fishery are now absolutely de-

pleted. ‘The scarcity of the Sturgeon and the ~

d ave run up —
the price to an extraordinary figure, never —

demand for their flesh and eggs

attained by any other fish, either in America
or elsewhere. A mature female Sturgeon
often brings the fishermen more than $150
and it 1s a poor fish that cannot be sold for

twenty and thirty dollars on the rivers of the
The most serious aspect of the

east coast.
Sturgeon fishery is that, owing to the de-
cimation of the schools of the breeding fish
and to peculiarities in their spawning habits,
it has been impossible as yet to inaugurate
Sturgeon culture anywhere in America.
Attempts at artificial propagation have
proved utter failures on the Great Lakes,

Lake of the Woods, Lake Champlain, Dela-—

ware River and other waters east and west.
The expenditure of considerable sums of
money has sometimes failed to yield a single
batch of eggs suitable for incubation. Every-
where under existing conditions the Stur-
geons are doomed to commercial extinction,
and it requires no prophet to foretell that .n a

comparatively few years the Sturgeon will be ©

practically extinct. What is demanded in
every State and Province in which these
fishes exist, or have existed, is absolute pro-
hibition of capture or sale for a long term of
years, certainly not less than ten. To ad-
vocate any less radical treatment would be
only trifling with the situation.”

So much for the Sturgeon.
gar-fish.

The fish that is spoken of as the gar-fish by
our correspondent 1s in reality what is tech-
nically known as the garpike, which is its best
known name, though it is also known in some
parts of the country as the gar-fish. One,
however, is as good as the other. The gar-

Now for the

pike belongs to the Order Ganoids; and Gan-.

oids refer to fish that are covered with bony
scales, or with enamelled scales. The Stur-
geons and the garpikes are therefore scienti-
fically listed under the head: Ganoids.
There are a number of sea fishes, like mailed
cat-fishes and sea-horses that belong in this
same order.

bs the garpike a well-known writer has
said:

“To the scientific student the garpike and
the alligator-pike are two of the most interest-
ing fishes of our whole finny fauna. They are
living representatives of a wonderful lot of
dead-and-gone species which many thousands
of years ago laid the foundation of the fish
world. By means of the impregnable bony
armour with which Nature wisely provided
them, they have been able to withstand the
attacks of the enemies that otherwise would
have exterminated them. The simplest, and
therefore the earliest forms of fishes are some

Cty

of the Ganoids—as the armoured fishes are |

called—whose remains now exist only in the
rocks of the Devonian Age, far down toward
the strata which were formed before life was.

The first of these fishes—and they were well-

750

nigh the first of all fishes—had their heads
completely encased in solid bone, their eyes
were placed in the tops of their heads, and
they must have lived upon the bottom of the
sea.
have passed since the days when their dead
bodies sank in the mud along the shores they
frequented? To-day they are found high up
in the rocky cliffs of Devonshire, England.
Our two garfishes are to be regarded as living
relics of the Devonian Age, or the ‘‘Age of
Fishes.”

“It is one of our most interesting fishes.”

One of the most common of the garpikes
is the so-called Long-Nosed Garpike (Lepis-
osteus osseus) and this species is found, rather
promiscuously scattered throughout the north
and especially in the waters of the Great
Lakes, also the rivers and streams connecting
them. The garpikes have crocodile-like jaws,
narrow, and well set with teeth though not
evenly. The head itself is wedge shaped and
very small in proportion to its well-defined
cylindrical body. But the greatest oddity is
of course the scaly armour with which these
fish are so well covered over all. William
Temple Hornaday comments that:

“The armour of this fish is more perfect
than any plate armour that man could make
for it. It consists of diagonal whorls of solid
and highly polished plates of bone, each
d:vided into scale-like sections, and so hinged

WHALE FISHING INDUSTRY |

has felt the far-reaching economic effects
of the war. Glycerine, which is use-
ful in the manufacture of explosives, is ob-
tainable from the oil of the “humpback,”
‘finback” and “sulphur bottom” whales.
As Pacific whale oil averages 6 to 10 per
cent. of glycerine content, with a maximum
14 per cent., a-rise of 10c to 20c per gallon
since the outbreak of war has given a pronounc-
ed impetus to whale-fishing in Pacific waters.
The pursuit of whales for oil and bone
has declined very seriously from the high
water mark reached in the middle of last
century. While the “right” whale has be-
come so scarce that the price of baleen or
‘“‘whalebone”’ has risen from $1,250 per ton
in 1835 to about $12,500 to-day, the price
of oil, despite the upward trend causea by
the war, has seriously declined from the level
of former years. Sperm oil had _ declined
from upwards of $1 per gallon, in the fifties,
to less than 50c in 1913 and ordinary whale
oil was sold for 35c. These low pe to-
gether with the increased cost of fitting out
ships—$65,000 in 1853, as compared with
$150,000 to-day—have made the industry
unattractive to American capital. The de-
cline in the New England whaling industry
may thus be explained on economic grounds.
There is a tendency to scout the idea that
whales are becoming scarce but the fact that
the whalers are going further and further
afield demonstrates that the old grounds are
becoming depleted. =
A very flourisning fishery has grown up
in the Antarctic. South Georgia, previously

Wi nasfe fishing, like every other industry,

ROD AND GUN I

And who shall say how many years.

a more stable condition of industry.

oe ee

—
"Tae

.
together that while fully protected the fish —
has abundant freedom of movement. The
dried skin of a gar-pike is as hard and un-
yielding as a cylinder of sheet iron!”

In the north the long-nosed gar-fish is the
best known though there is another specimen
known as the short-nosed garpike (Lepisos-
teus plaltyslomus) which is very much like the
former fish only its snout is smaller and it does
not go over three feet in length. Asarule the
long-nosed garpike, above-mentioned, grows
to a better weight and sometimes may attain
to six feet in length.

By far the leading member of the garpike
family is the alligator-gar which is found only
in the waters of the southern part of the
United States and is essentially a warm water
fish. Jordan holds that ‘t reaches a length of
twenty feet or more; that it is very destruc-
tive to all sorts of food fishes and that it
breathes to a certain extent with its lungs, but
soon dies in foul water.

The garpike is absolutely useless as a food;
its flesh has the taste of a rare compound of
boiled shoe-leather, and castor-oil. Some say
that it is as good as fried hell-diver steaks but
Idoubtit. The garfish does not take the hook
It is rarely seen; keeping well hid. It is only
useful to men with a scientific row to hoe who
may look upon it as a living picture of a fish
that should have lived when this planet of
ours was in the making.

uninhabited. now has a large industrial village
with three slips for cutting up whales, two
guano factories, and large reservoirs for oil. _
In 1911, the catch was 7,000 whales, which
produced 34,000 metric tons (about 310,000
barrels) of whale oil, enough to ‘fill a basin
in which a 100-ton steamer could manoeuvre.
One company, with a capital of $182,000, has,
in two years, aistributed an annual dividend
of 130 per cent., besides adding a portion
of. the profit to various reserve funds and
increasing its resources 60 per cent. :
Although whaling is still a flourishing in-
dustry in certain quarters of the poe these —
enormous profits spell the doom of the whales
unless an international agreement can be ~
arrived at to regulate the killing. Of course,
an increasing scarcity of whales may make ~
the business unprofiteble and, as in New
Englagd, the majority of the hunters may be
driven from the :ield. Then the whales may
get sufficient respite to enable them to re- —
establish themselves. But, leaving the con-
servation of natural resources to the blind —
play of economic forces is both dangerous —
and unsatisfactory. Not only may it lead —
to the utter destruction of an irreplaceable
resource—as an animal species—but it builds
op a huge industry in the boom days—when
the principal as well as the interest is being
greedily consumed—only to be followed by
a wretched decline when large numbers of
men lose their livelihood and expensive plants
rot through lack of use. Proper regulatior
would minimize this expansion and contr:
tion and would ensure a steady supply

»

Bs pi \
' oa

No.$81.—On glancing through your July
issue, in search of Mr. Lincoln’s article on
“The Dry Fly,” I was greatly surprised to
find a very familiar photograph, showing a
little girl holding two small-mouth bass sus-

ended from the ends of a pole laid across
hr shoulders. You published this photo
with the title “The Winning Ones,” and in
your September issue, on page 399, you refer
to the photo Fuge and say that the fish weigh-
ed three and three-fourths pounds and took
the first prize for small-mouth bass in the
Rush Tango Gold Prize Contest of 1915.

Will you pardon a correction from the
writer, who caught the two bass shown and
also took the photograph? ‘These two fish
were caught one Saturday afternoon, Sep-
tember 19, 1914, within an hour’s time, and
the larger bass fought more than fifteen

minutes before showing the slightest sign of
tiring. He measured 2114 inches in length
_ and weighed 414 pounds on accurate scales.
He was taken by casting a Rush Tango
Minnow, then known as the Yakeley Wiggle
_ Wabble bait. This bass won first prize in
3 the Season Contest of the Anglers’ Associa-
tion of Onondaga. The smaller bass was
18 inches long and weighed just 3 pounds.
_ The scene of the capture was the James-
ville Reservoir, a beautiful sheet of water
about a mile and a quarter long and a third
of a mile wide, located about seven miles
southeast of the City of Syracuse, New York.
_ This reservoir was constructed and is used
as a feeder to the Erie Canal, and is filled
mostly by the waters of Butternut Creek,
whose channel extends the length of the
ee reservoir. The waters of several brooks and
oe

tg

aa”

____ and the fish are not only of exceptionally fine
Ke flavor, but have the vim and energy which
come from inhabiting that kind of waters.
Butternut Creek is a trout stream, with
mative and rainbow trout in its waters, and
is of course spring-fed,and rather cold.
___There is an abundance of food in the reser-
_ voir for the small-mouth bass, large-mouth
bass, and wall-eyed pike, which are found
there, and these game fish prey on small
_ suckers, bull-heads, and crabs, of which the
supply seems inexhaustible. It is only oc-

Robert Page Lincoln gy Uy

springs also find their way into the reservoir, -

751

casionally that one can find the bass and
ike in the mood for taking chances with
ae and the reservoir is fished so diligently
and so continuously that the fish are exceed-
ingly wary. To meet with any fair degree
of success, an angler must be able to cast a
long line with accuracy, and for such an
angler there are many interesting points and
ples at which to cast plugs. Small-mouth
ass weighing about two pounds are occasion-
ally taken by fly-casters during the early
a of the bass season, but it is rarely that
ass are taken on flies except during the
oeure hours after sundown or on showery
ays. .

I first visited the Jamesville Reservoir in
the month of June, 1912, on the annual Out-
ing Day of the Anglers’ Association of Onon-
daga, and had the good fortune to catch a
small-mouth bass measuring 18% inches in
length and weighing 314 pounds. This fish
was taken by casting with the Dowagiac
surface bait, No. 302, and won first prize and
the gold medal in the Outing Day contest.
About a week later, on my second visit to the
reservoir, I caught another small-mouth bass,
21 inches long and weighing 4% pounds,
while casting a Dowagiac Moonlight surface
bait. This bass took first prize in our Sea-
son Contest of that year. I have since had
many fine bass from these waters and many
hours of wholesome recreation along the
picturesque shores, and a large number of
other anglers visit the reservoir frequently.
Sometimes it is difficult to find a part of the
reservoir that has not been distributed by
other bait-casters within fifteen minutes.
There are times when one would wish to
be alone!

For many months I have read your Fishing
Notes, Mr. Editor, and other articles with the
greatest of interest; and in the light of my
own limited experience your writings seem
to have more of truth and interest in them
than I find in most magazine articles on
fishing. I have been casting artificial baits,
(mostly plugs), for bass and Great Northern
Pike for eight years, and have angled in this
manner for small-mouth bass more extensively
than most of the bait casters of this locality.
I have witnessed much of the development

fa

f
\

~

752

of certain plugs, both as to coloration and

shape, particularly the Tango minnow, a
highly successful artificial lure for game fish
and one with which I have had great success
all round,

I wonder whether you ig sees to read
“Yanking ‘Em off Of The Propeller,” and
other articles by the same author, published
in Outer’s Book Magazine. That fellow cer-
tainly tells some wonderful tales, which I
usually classify as “interesting, if true.”

I inclose also with this letter some literature
about our local Angler’s Association, of
Onondaga which may interest you. I hope
that you will publish some accounts of your
fishing during the present year.

Hoping to hear from you, I am,

Yours truly,
Louis P. Lang, Attorney,
New York.

Editor's Comment:—I was very pleased
indeed to get your letter and am printing
it in its entirety, for it has some rather in-
teresting material, and comradely remarks,
as is befitting around such a campfire as ours.
We are here of course to dispense wisdom
and other things, to enliven life, and keep
the blues, and so forth at a judicious distance.
I am very interested in regard to the catch-
ing of those small-mouth bass, and that they
were caught upon artificial-minnows,~.and
the Tango in particular is more interesting
yet. In line with this allow me to remark
that I, myself had some fine luck with the
Tango on small-mouth bass this summer;
and in due season when I swing the limelight
upon the subject of small-mouth fishing I
shall of course have much to say about the
taking of that fish, not only with the flies
and the bamboo or Bristol rod, but also by
means of the artificial minnows. Now when
one speaks of small-mouth bass in the sanc-
tum of the angling fraternity it has always
been conceded that they are taken, uni-
versally, by means of the artificial fly and
the fly-casting rod. But this is not always
true, for small-mouth bass will take the so-
called plugs, or artificial minnows, as readily;
though I will admit that there is greater sport
annexing them with the flies and the Bristol
fly-easting rod. There has been so little
said about the small-mouth bass, his life, and
his capture in the annals of outdoor literature
that | have come to believe that only few
people angle for them, and have, generally,
little or no good success. It seems that all
the penple are out for the large-mouths, and
since all are out for these fellows, our little
companion to pleasure, the smallmouth bass
are left in the darkness. Therefore I look
forward with intense pleasure to the writing

' in the future of my, ‘““The Book of the Small-

Mouth” which will, no doubt, appear in Rod
and Gun, our fireside companion. Whenever
I hear from a brother angler that is out for
small-mouths, I sit up straightway and take
notice, for it is a subject dear to my heart.
I know the rugged fight of that bronze warrior
of the pure waters. I know that he has as
much vim and pugnaciousness tied up under
his hide as any trout. Andsuch afighthe will
put up; when one has a fly-rod to work him
on. ‘That indeed is sport. But very few
have told about the catching of the small-

‘mouth any

_built for itself a great reputation an

nile | aor. i 4 7 hy Sea

yn Ls aie an a) pif J
other way than by mez
artificial fly, and I would be greatly in
to you if you would write us a short skit ¢
small-mouth fishing, what to use, when to
fish for them, etc., I am sure the readers will __
be pevanes to read that article and it will
gla ly be given space. yo
F note that you do a great deal of fishing, _
in company wit ak brother anglers in the
reservoir you speak of. Reservoir fishing has _
held my attention for a long time for the |
reason that not only is the making of reser~
voirs a great public utility, as regards water —
power and so forth, but as a means of giving
thousands of people excellent fishing it is
another tempting proposition. It has always
been conceded that the waters of a reservoir
are ideal for the propagation of fishes of
various sorts and that they thrive therein —
very weil indeed. Naturally the Se: in
reservoirs is of such importance that I think
in the future it will be quite a common pro-
poston In England, for instance, reservoir
ishing is such as to command attention in
books, written especially about this. sort of
fishing, as in Mr. Ernest Phillips, ‘““Trout In
Lakes and Reservoirs,” a very interesting
volume indeed. :

The Tango Minnow, as you state is cer-
tainly a highly successful artificial lure and
I note that you are not the only one who
has made this assertion. The Tan " has

am Ss
quite fair in saying that I have used it with
fine luck on the bass and exceptionally weil —
on pickerel. This fall I have given the Tango,
my best try-out ana under some rather detri-
mental conditions of the weather I have yet
managed to get through with some good ones.
to my creait. I like the glide of the Tango.
minnow; it is not too drastic, and is in truth
very attractive. That is more than many
minnows can say for themselves. 1 always
have the Tango in my battered ola hulk of
a tackle box, for I always manage to work ~
one of those yellow fellows in and have good
luck with it. I recall in September I had a,
large bass spotted in a small, secluded bay
ana I maae up my mind that I was going to,
get that fellow or know the reason why. You
know the plans a person will lay, ana the
anticipations one will bear. Well that is Just
how I felt about it. I wanted that bass. —
So one evening I began casting along the shore,
using my best care and pains. I knew I was,
in the locality he held sway in, but never —
a strike dia I rise. Now there were a bunch ©
of aeadheaas out in the water in a wooded ~
cove, anc somehow I hau a premonition that _
that fellow was lying there. I aropped a —
yellow, large size Tango over aheaa of it ard —
began reeling in. Barely had it passed than —
I haa a hulking strike and that bass was on. ~
He was a pretty fellow and went well over —
five and one half pounds. So I marked —
another notch for the little old Tango, one
of my pet camp followers. q

I note by your literature that you have a |
very thriving and influential anglers’ as- —
sociation, and I assure you that I would like ©
to be a member of that league. Sportsmen’s.
leagues and anglers’ associations are .
means of doing an immense amourt of
uine good, and I only wish that the

ily way of ‘getting
srotective and fish protective
getting leagues an

ds is | 3 associa-
interested in the work. The work of

dividuals is all well and good but where
_ there are many working together it is a hun-
dred per cent. better. ©
I thank you very much dor. SE eo

ore
y,

__ No. 82.—Can you give me some informa-
ion in regard to the so-called White Bass,
which I understand is pretty well distributed
throughout the Great Lakes region. I have
_ caught this fish many times, but I have never
heard much about it,—and the only way I
have ever caught this fellow is with shiner
minnows of three inches or so in length,
though I understand that it is possible to
get them on artificial flies, fly-cast. Is this
£ true? I would esteem it surely as a big

favour if you, Mr. Lincoln, will tell me through
the columns of our magazine something more
about this fish than I already know and that
is none too much. I am an eager reader of
_ Rod and Gun, and certainly enjoy your prac-
tical articles, which contain much informa-
tion. Hoping you may care to answer this,
I beg to remain,
P Yours truly,
M. A. Salisbury,
y Michigan.

Ans.—I ran across your letter in my corre-
spondence and thought it quite time to insert
something about our friend, the White Bass.
_ True, not a great deal has been said about
_ this fish so I will try to give a little informa-
_ tion regarding it; which will perhaps prove
_ interesting. The White Bass (Roccos Chry-
_ sops) is found pretty generally throughout
_ the Great Lakes region as stated. The so-
_ called black, or large-mouthed bass are not
bass at all, but belong to the sunfish family,
_ the. white bass is indeed a bass, and many
_ have confounded it with the striped bass of
_ the ocean, thinking them one and the same.
_ The striped ocean bass and the white on the
_ contrary bass are quite different. The white
__ bass is strictly a freshwater fish. In regard
_ to its identity one writer has commented that,
_ “Its most pronounced distinguishing features
_ are its lengthwise streaks on the side, eight
_ormoreinnumber. The body is deeper than
_ the body of the salt water striped bass.’
In coloration the white bass is white mixed
with a silvery hue, or tint; touched with green
_ abeve and yellow below. The stripes run
_ lengthwise along the body, and it is uniformly
- noticeable that there are five of these darkish
_ lines above the lateral line, with no set num-
_ ber below the lateral line. It has a small
_ head, but the mouth is quite large, and the
_ lower jaw protrudes beyond the upper jaw.
_ The teeth of the fish are not pronounced,
_and have been called “‘brushlike.”” The eyes
of the white bass are quite large and are
_ touched with a golden brushing from which
it obtains its scientific designation of Chry-
-sops, or golden. The white bass is not a
fis of any great size. In fact I have never
ard of a white bass going over three pounds.
fost of them rarely go over one pound, and
L id and a half fish in some sections is
ae :

MBL. ER eek EOE hee Soyo
considered quite big by ers

“%

2 The white bass I
is esteemed very highly as a pz
there are some who pronounce

men in general.
really sa
fish, an

one of the best eating fishes on the continent.
The flesh is white, of excellent flavour apd
edit.

firm too, which is much, of course, to its er
The white bass spawns in the spring months

of April and May at which time it runs up ©
_the rivers and various streams;
spawning is done near the mouths of rivers, 3

and also near the shores of the lake. The

white bass is a lake fish and is not, in the —

sense of the word a stream fish. When

they are feeding or going up the streams to _
spawn they go in schools, often in great num- _ ;

bers. They are then waylaid by the fisher-

men, and thousands naturally sacrifice their _
As a sporting proposition the white _

lives.
bass has much to its credit through some
hold that it is not an exceptionally good
fighter, too early giving up—that it has no
staying qualities. However, Charles Brad-
ford remarks:

“The White Bass is a fine sporting fish
and possesses fine edible qualities. The
white bass is caught on a four ounce fly-rod,
or a six ounce fly-rod, or the lightest of black
bass tackle, on the artificial fly or with worm
or minnow bait. I have had great sport
with the white bass, taking them on the
ordinary-size black-bass fly. They favour
the scarlet ibis, white miller and yellow sallie
patterns.”

The Reverend O. Warren Smith speaks
thus of the white bass:

“As a fighter the fish is a disappointment,
and its very method of doing battle adds to
the disappointment. Upon seizing the hook
it dashes away with a vim and vigor which
promises much, the line rips through the
water the rod bends, and the angler braces
himself in the anticipation of a prolonged
struggle; then the fish suddenly comes to the
conclusion that it is not worth while to eon-
tinue the contest and surrenders uncondition-

ally. If the white bass were only possessed of-

staying power, what a magnificent game fish
it would be! However, with proper tools it
will not disappoint the rodster that can
appreciate angling for angling’s sake.” He
further continues:

“T wonder why so few fishermen fish for the
white bass with ilies? A few years ago I pub-
lished an article on fly-fishing for white bass
in an eastern magazine; the result was that

the anglers swamped me with letters asking ©

for information, while not a few confessed
themselves agnostics. I ‘ake this opportunity
to re-assert that the fish will rise to the fly
upon occasion, and that freely. Every fly-
fisherman knows, or should know, that no
fish will rise to the fly when in deep water
unless feeding near the surface. When tak-
ing white bass with minnows from a depth
of six or eight feet it is almost useless to cast
a fly upon the surface; but when the fish is
feeding at or near the surface, or where the
current sets out over the marsh at flood time,
there cast and mark the results. I find it
a good plan to let the flies sink beneath the
surface after each cast, but that is also true
when angling for black bass. I have found
the following flies useful: the cowdung,

often the —

dusty miller, grizzly king, katy-did, stone,
willow, march brown—in fact almost any
gray or brown fly may prove successful.”

My selection for ~white bass fishing is a
Bristol steel rod, a very handy affair, rugged,
and with the backbone to it. I rarely use
more than two flies, and most of the time
but one,—a lead-fly. It is always best to
try out various sizes of flies, as for instance
the bass fly size and those up to Number 8.
It seems to me that most of the captures
made come on the larger size of fly. I gen-
erally use an automatic reel for the purpose,
since it recovers line so much better than it
can be recovered with the single-action handle
reel. My recommendation in leader material
is either the mist-hued affair, or the Telerana
Nova, and a six-foot length is ideal in my
way of thinking. Play your flies well under
the surface. If you are using a light bait rod
and minnow see to it that you get the lure
down in the water; hook the shiner (one of
three inches is best) so that he can swim
around readily enough. Thus it will prove
all the more attractive. The white bass
love to lie in the deep river pools, and if they
are not surface feeding it is useless -to try
for them with the flies; and then only the
minnow and the earthworm will prove things
to conjure with. You can get them often
very well in the deep pools by baiting up on
many wriggling angleworms, and with a
suitable number of split shot on the leader you
can sink this in the pool and thus get at them.

~ Conditions of the weather have much to do

with the biting of the white bass. Sometimes
they are easily taken, but at other times
there is not a stir. If one happens on the
right day he will have, like as not, as good
success with the flies as with the minnows
or the worms. It does well to experiment
as you go along. As far as I can see the
white bass merits more space in the magazines
than it now claims. ; L.:

No. 83.—I am a constant reader of your
magazine, buying it on the newstand. How-
ever, you might let me know what the annual
subscription is and I will send you a cheque.

I was very much interested in an article in
the September issue on the bait question.
That question is a puzzler at times to every
fisherman. I have located a cottage at Mc-
Gregor Bay where the bass fishing is excellent.
There are no worms there—they have to be
shipped in. There are plenty of frogs and
some minnows but I have not been able to
get any large shiners. I read with a great
deal of interest your suggestion about putting
a lamp on the shore and then using a net and
I certainly propose trying this.

While aealing with this matter I am very
anxious to get information concerning a
method to keep shiners alive. I have never
been able to do this and from any enquiries
which I have made I have not found anyone
who has been more successful than myself.
A friend of mine has a minnow box made of
wire which he puts down into the water and
the minnows live there a couple of days and
then turn white and die. I had a small pond
made of galvanized iron which I put in a
wooden frame and it was thus floated. I
‘hen took a wooden crate and covered it with

G eS "
on . Ps
Reel gt Wie ¥

is ry ahs S
is. ac ie? A ee Te” cae
burlap and left one end op en, nd I:
this minnow pond into the open crate.
pons was about two feet long, prob
ifteen inches wide and about 8 inc de
If I put a number of minnows in it they would ~
not live more than twenty-four hours and —
some of them turned quite white. I thought —
possibly this was accounted for by the colour |
of the galvanized iron and I therefore put a
lining of burlap in it but I did not get an —
opportunity of trying that except with one
mirnow. One minnow lived in it for a week
or so. eee
I have no doubt there is some method by ~
which minnows can be kept alive and I would —
be very glad if you would let me know if you ~
have had any experience, or if any of the read-
ers of Rod and Gun have had any experience
in this connection.
Yours very truly,
Canadian,
Toronto, Canada.

Ans.—Our correspondent has a very queer
way of keeping minnows, and I assuredl
must say that keeping minnows in a gal-
vanized pond is the most useless of all ar-
rangements, whether the galvanized iron be ©
decked with burlap or not. This is not the
way to keep minnows. We never have had
any trouble with keeping minnows. Simply
make the framework of a sort of a box that :
is four or five feet long, three or more feet
wide and the same in height. Make this
framework firm, unshakable, by having good ~
material, well fastened together. Then cover
ail with wire screen netting. Keep the min-
nows in this and sink it at a good place in the
lake, in some shady place, or half in the sun
and half in the shade. They never seem to ©
die in this affair, but they will if you over-
stock it. Don’t put too many init. Net
out of the streams or the lake all those you
need, say for a week; and use them up before
you replenish. That’s the system. Min-
nows are forced to have something to eat.
Put in bunches of northern moss now and ~—
then and when you put in new mosstake
out the old. They feed on this moss and the
parasites, lice and eggs that adhere to it.
If you are keeping minnows this winter for
ice fishing, be sure that you put some north-
ern moss in the tub now and then, and you
will find that not a minnow will die if you
take out the old water and put new in at ~
least three times a week. A

Minnows should not be handled, and 9
fumbled around when one desires totake them
out of the lake net-box. Rather use a small
dip net, and transfer them quickly into the
minnow pail. The trouble so many minnows >
in pens die is because the fishermen handle
them with their hands. They should not be
scooped out with the hands, but with a net.
Shiners especially are very delicate; their
scales are very fragile, and the least blur on
them from uncommon handling will cause
a fungus growth as is often seen. Minnows
should not be allowed to lie dead in a pen
or tub but must be carefully weeded out. —
Dead minnows breed disease if allowed to lie.

A little care, following the above directions _
will result in excellent success, and no trouble ©
should be had. R. P. ae

ness of it and if I could get the addresses I
-might have some friend who could interview

*

uld you give me names of men who

VO. | lhe. A :
sell bait in bass fishing localities? I have
no doubt there are men who make a busi-

them.

This summer, while fishing up in McGregor
Bay, we had an experience with a muscal-
longe grabbing a bass from ten to twelve
inches long when he was being reeled in, and
hanging on to him for a considerable period

of time. I do not know whether that is
common. It was certainly my first ex-
perience.

I had an opportunity of picking up a min-
now seine last week. It is fitty 1reet long
and five feet wide, with a bag five feet long
in the centre. I did this on the strength of
your article about putting a lantern on the
shore of the lake, as a means of luring in
large shiners. I would be glad if you would
let me know how far out you would expect
to have to go to catch the large shiners spoken
oi in the magazine recently.

Yours very truly,

Canadian.

Ans.—I do not know of any men who sell
baits in bass fishing localities. There are
many advertisers in this magazine who sell
baits of all sorts and I think that you would
get as good and as thorough service through
them, and by looking over their catalogues
you can get what you like. In most all the
regions where there are resorts, etc., there
are always places where you can procure

eke a ike, > Poe b .
as) , - rey ve SDNY Poa BS Ct 0
aitp

baits, etc., but I can name no specia
who deal in same. Cone

Your experience of having a muscallon,

nab onto a bass and follow him up, is no
exactly new, but neither is it a common,
everyday occurrence. I recall one incident —
where.a muscallonge grabbed hold of a small —
pickerel and followed him close up to the

boat. One of the fellows in back of the boat
saw what had occurred and hiding from view -
he took a .25-20 ri‘le and when the right
moment was on hand he shot that musky ~
right in one of his eyes. Often very humer-

ous things happen.

Tne minnow seine you have procured is

a dandy, no doubt, and with it you ought
to get all the shiners you can possibly make
use of. You need not go out in the water
much over your waist, and up to your hips
if the water 1s low and the fail of the bottom
of the lake outward is very gradual. The
idea is to keep the light on the shore for some
time, and then bring the net around them.
It is about the best plan I ever used, and I
certainly recommend it. I do not know how
th: shiner minnows run in various lakes.
Some hold that they are not found in the
lakes at all, and that they are a stream fish.
But this is not true. You very rarely see
large size shiners in the lakes that is the
reason. But shiners often form the most
desired and preyed upon food of the pickerel,
bass, pike and muskies. I make so bold
as to say that large shiners will contrive a
capture under the most adverse of conditions.
I trust this will answer your letter.

R. Poke

AN ALPINE CLUB MEMBER WHO HAS
BEEN HONORED BY THE ALLIES

A great compliment has been paid to
Canada by the appointment of Colonel Charles
Hamilton Mitchell, D.S.O., of Toronto, to the
position of First Staff Officer of the second
British army in France, the most important
post yet given to a Canadian by the British
military authorities.

News of the appointment is contained in

_ letters received by Mr. P. H. Mitchell, con-

sulting engineer, of Toronto, a brother of
Colonel Mitchell.

It is understood that the promotion of the
Canadian officer is in recognition of Colonel
Mitchell’s valuable work on the western front,
algae in connection with intelligence
work. Since his arrival on the firing line
with the first Canadian contingent Colonel
Mitchell has introduced methods of gathering
information concerning the enemy that have
been adopted by both the British and French
armies. For brilliant intelligence work he
was made a member of the Distinguished
Service Order, and for distinguished service
in the second battle of Ypres the Legion ot

_ Honor was conferred upon him.
“A ae

aan

Before the war Colonel Mitchell was an
officer in the Corps ot Guides, and was head
of the firm of C. H. & P. H. Mitchell, con-
sulting engineers, Toronto. Upon the out-
break of hostilities he volunteered for active
service, and was appointed a General Staff
officer of the third grade with the first Cana-
dian Division. His devotion to duty soon
won him promotion, and when the Canadian
forces at the front were increased after the
second battle of Ypres he was made a Second
Staff Officer of the Canadian corps. He now
leaves the Canadians for the more important
position with the second British army.

Colonel Mitchell is a son of the Rev. G. A.
Mitchell of the Methodist Church. He hada
brilliant career in the Engineering Depart-
ment of the University of Toronto, and later
became a member of the University Senate
and the Board of Governors. He is a former
Chairman of the Toronto branch of the
Canadian Society of Civil Engineers, and was
prominently identified with the Toronto Civic
Guild. His Toronto residence is at 35 North
Sherbourne street.

/

; teh Pah Cen
et ee Me NS A ol Oe ee
Roe eae <2 Pith Wey ey fs ae fete i, =
[em] [Scrmvenaescc | | coat | | Samo cser ew

1916 CHANGES IN THE GAME
LAWS

< AME Laws for 1916,” a Summary of
= the provisions relating to Seasons,
Export, Sale, Limits and Licenses has
recently been issued by the Department of
Agriculture, Washington, D. C.

This bulletin contains the game laws of the
United States and Canada including a sum-
mary of the more important features of the
new legislation, a brief synopsis of the new
game laws enacted in each State and Pro-
vince, and a series of tables showing the pro-
isions relating to seasons, export, sale, limits
and licenses. This bulletin is issued each
year and shows the trend of legislation from
year to year.

Treaty for the Prohibition of Migratory Birds

In Canada five Provinces held legislative
sessions this year. Considerable interest
centered in the treaty with the United States
for the protection of migratory birds which
was ratified on August 29th and to which
attention has already been drawn in previous
issues of the magazine.

Protected Species

As a result of 1916 legislation Manitoba
protects swan, pelican, cormorant, whooping
crane, wood duck, Hungarian partridge and
introduced species until 1920 and Ontario
closed the season on grouse, prairie fowl and
partridge until 1918 and capercailzie until

Changes in the Season for Big Game

Nova Scotia permitted deer hunting this
season for the first time by providing an open
season on bucks during the last eleven days of
October except on Cape Breton Island.
Manitoba lengthened the season five days on
big game but opened the season on November
20th, ten days earlier than formerly. Ontario
lengthened the deer season two weeks (north
of the main line of the C. P. R.) and shifted
the season on moose and caribou thus making
the month of November a uniform open sea-
son on big game.

Reduction of Bag Limits
Manitoba reduced the number of geese a

non-resident hunter may take out under his

license from 100 to 50, provided a 25-cent
export permit, and prohibited the sale ofall
protected game except hides and heads of big

ame. Ontario empowered the Minister of

ublic Works to grant permits for the export
of any game whether dent or alive and pro-
hibited the sale of waterfowl. Manitoba re-

756

duced the limit on ptarmigan, prairie chicken
and partridges from 20 to 15 a day and from
100 to 50 a season, and on ducks from 50 to
40 a day after October Ist.
Reduction on or Increase in License Fees
Ontario reduced the non-resident license
fee from $50 to $25 and abolished the special —__
non-resident license for birds. Saskatchewan
increased the fee from $1 to $1.25 for the
license required of residents of towns and
cities but reduced the fees for non-resident
licenses—for a general license from $50 to
$25, for a bird license from $25 to $10, and
for a six day license from $10 to $2.50.
New Game Preserves Established Bet
Manitoba has established seven new game
preserves, including Cedar Lake, Doghead
Point, Grindstone Point, Lake St. Martin, —
Peonan Point, Red Deer Point, and Reindeer ~
Island, comprising 3,950 sections of land;
Saskatchewan has created an additional
Cypress Hills preserve, and also the Pasquia,
Big River, and North and South Saskatche- __
wan Rivers game preserves, but reduced the __
areas of game preserves on forest reservations ~~
owing to complaints from sportsmen that the
law which automatically makes all forest
reserves game refuges circumscribed the
hunting area. 3
The following summarizes the new laws
passed in 1916:

British Columbia.—By regulation: Closing
the season on bull moose in the Skeena
electoral district and opening the season on
bull moose in Fort George and Omineca
electoral districts; shortening the deer season
two weeks on Vancouver Island and in Islands
electoral district; protecting female of mule _
deer throughout Province; opening the season
on male sheep in North and South Okanogan ~~
electoral districts; closing the season on quail
throughout the Province, except for a week
in the district municipality of Penticton;
shortening the season four weeks on male
pheasants in certain districts; revoking the
regulations permitting the sale of deer, snipe, _
ducks, and geese. eS

Manitoba.—One act: Lengthening the —
season on big game-5 days and opening the
season November 20 instead of December 1 js
reducing limits on ptarmigan, prairie chicken, -
and partridge, from 20 to 15 a day and f.
100 to 50 a season and on ducks after Oc

=a Ge

—

hy Sati ha ei ie

MATTERS PERTAINING TO CONSE

1, from 50 to 40 a day; protecting swan,
pelican, cormorant, whooping crane, wood
duck, Hungarian partridge, and introduced
species until 1920; permitting wild ducks and
geese to be shot from grain-stubble fields at
night; extending the law prohibiting the
carrying of loaded shotgun or rifle to include
railway vehicles, and holding the liveryman,
chauffeur, or person in charge of the convey-
ance responsible for the actions of the occu-
pant of his conveyance; reducing the time
grouse, ptarmigan, prairie chicken, or part-
ridge may be had in possession in close season
from 45 days to 10 days after end of open
season; prohibiting sale of all protected game,
except heads and hides of big game; reducing
the number of geese which may be exported
under non-resident license from 100 to 50;
permitting nonresident license to export car-
cass of one big game animal under free permit
and hunting license; repealing the provision
permitting the export of the entire carcass of
big game animals and prescribing 25-cent
permit for the export of part of a carcass of any
big game; prescribing licenses for training
dogs on birds; authorizing the lieutenant
governor in council to appoint two game com-
missioners, and transferring the power to
appoint game guardians from the lieutenant
governor in council to the minister of agri-
culture and immigration; setting aside seven
new game preserves, including Cedar Lake,
Doghead Point, Grindstone Point, Lake St.
Martin, Peonan Point, Red Deer Point, and
Reindeer Island, comprising 3,950 sections of
land (ch. 44).

Nova Scotia—One act: Opening the season
on male deer, except on Cape Breton Island,
from October 21 to 30, inclusive; shortening
the season two months on all waterfowl except
black, harlequin, golden-eye, and scaup ducks,
and one month on quail, rail, coot, and shore
birds.

Ontario.—One act: Defining the term
“nonresident” to mean any person domiciled
in the Province for a period of less than six
months; requiring a $5 license of residents,
except farmers or farmers’ sons on their own
lands, to trap fur-bearing animals; closing the
season on grouse, prairie fowl, and partridge
until 1918; permitting hares to be taken by
any means from October 15 to November 15
and from December 23 to January 2 and at any
other time by means other than shooting;
making it unlawful to permit any bird or
animal suitable for food to be destroyed or
spoiled; limiting a hunter to one flock of not
more than 50 decoys, or two flocks nearer
each other than 100 yards; prohibiting the
sale of all wild waterfowl; — authorizing
minister to grant permits to take game or
fur-bearing animals in close season for pro-
pagating or scientific purposes, and for the
export of any game whether alive or dead;
lengthening the season two weeks on deer
north of main line of Canadian Pacific, shift-
ing the season on moose and caribou, thus
making the month of November the uniform
season .on big game; shortening the season
two weeks on woodcock by opening October
15; extending the close season on capercailzie
until 1920; making it unlawful to hunt, kill,
or willfully put to flight any waterfowl that

Se. _ are more than 200 yards from the shore or

-_=

ds Cae
natural rush bed thick enough to conceala
boat, or from a water line bounding private
property; making it unlawful to _ take,
destroy, or possess eggs of game birds a
under permit of the minister to engage in the
business of propagating game birds; reducing
the fee for a nonresident general license
from $50 to $25, and revoking the order in
council prescribing a $25 nonresident license
for birds (ch. 60.)

Quebec.—One act: Prescribing a penalty
of $100 and costs for a gamekeeper, special
officer, or game guardian who commits an
infringement of the game laws (ch.21).

Saskatchewan.—One act: Permitting cow _
moose to be killed, limiting the number of
cow moose and bull elk to one each a season,
but only two big-game animals may be taken-
a season; lengthening the season two weeks
on big game; shortening the season two
weeks on prairie chicken, making it unlawful
to kill swans, and protecting sage grouse,
ruffed grouse, partridge, Canada grouse, and
spruce grouse until 1918; prohibiting the use
of silencers and declaring that a gun with
cartridges in the magazine only shall not be
deemed to be loaded; prohibiting the sale of
all game; requiring a $2. annual license of cold-
storage companies handling game and mak-
ing it unlawful to store game birds from
March 1 to September 16 and the flesh of big
game from April 1 to December 1; increasins
the fee for the license required of residents o
city or town from $1 to $1.25; reducing the
fee for nonresident licenses as follows—
general license, from $50 to $25; season bird
license, from $25 to $10; six-day license, from
$10 to $2.50; reducing the area of game
preserves on forest reservations (ch. 30).
Sale of Game Prohibited During Close Season

In general the sale of game is prohibited
during the close season but a brief additional
open period is sometimes provided in order
to permit dealers to close out stock on hand
at the end of the hunting season. An ex-
tension of 15 days for sale of all or certain
kinds of game is added to the open season
in New Brunswick and Quebec, three months
(for geese and brant) in New Brunswick and
until the following 1st of January in Ontario.

In order to counteract a tendency on the
part of market hunters to anticipate the
opening of the season, the sale of certain
game is sometimes prohibited at the be-
ginning of the open season, as during the
three days in Nova Scotia and Quebec, and
the first month in British Columbia.

Most Canadian Provinces now prohibit
the sale of all or certain kinds of game at all
seasons. In a few instances prohibitions
against the sale of certain game are so gen-
eral as to afford protection over a consider-
able area in adjoining States. Thus, ruffed
grouse may not be sold in any State or Prov-
Ince along the Canadian border except Que-
bec. In Manitoba the sale of all big game
and upland game is prohibited.

Age Limit for License Holders.

Licenses are not issued to children under
the age of 16 (for big game) in New Brunswick
and in British Columbia and Saskatchewan
the written consent of the parent or guardian
is required for a child until the age of 16
for British Columbia and 18 for Saskatchewan.

Sale oe NG AS te

Special Provisions re Licenses.

In New Brunswick (on wild lands) and in
Nova Scotia non-residents are not permitted
to hunt big game unless accompanied by
qualified guides. -

No license is required in Nova-Scotia by
those hunting in their own county. Special
exemptions are made in favor of non-resident
members of fish and game clubs in Quebec.
In Ontario no fee is charged for a guest license.

In Alberta the resident big game license is
not required in the northern part of the Pro-
vince. In Newfoundland free hunting li-
censes are granted to officers of British war-
ships stationed on the coast for the protection
of the fisheries. Manitoba provides that the
Governor General of Canada, the premier and
Lieutenant Governor or the premier of any
Province may be granted complimentary
licenses. Officers of the Army or Na
stationed in Nova Scotia, non resident land-
Owners paying taxes to the amount of $30 or
more annually in Nova Scotia, and non
residents owning real estate in Prince Edward
Island to the value of $325 and paying taxes
thereon, are required to pay fees of $5 only.
The son or brother of a bona fide resident
returning to Prince Eqward Island may ob-
tain a license on payment of ‘$2.50 and a
resident may obtain a non-resident guest
license for $2.25 a week provided he receives
no compensation from such guest. In
Ontario the lieutenant governor-in council is
authorized to reduce non-resident license
fees to the amount charged residents of
Ontario by the Province of which applicant
is a resident, and any farmer living on his own
land in the districts of Haliburton, Muskoka,
Parry Sound, Nipissing, Algoma, Thunder
Bay, Rainy River, Sudbury, Manitoulin or
Kenora may take one deer a season for his
Own use without securing the prescribed
license. In Quebec, in the discretion of the
Minister of Colonization, Mines and Fisheries,
poor Indians or settlers may not be com-
pelled to take out the $5 resident license re-
quired for an additional number of deer and
caribou.

The following are Canadian officials from
whom Provincial Game Laws may be ob-
tained:

COMPARISON OF PROVINCIAL LAWS

The Nova Scotia Law.

No person shall make, kindle or start a
fire for the purpose of clearing lana, or other
like purposes, nor set up nor operate a port-
able steam engine within sixty roas of any
woods, between the fifteenth day of April
and the first day of December next following
in any year, without first having obtained
leave in writing from. the chief ranger or sub-
ranger. It shall be the duty of such chief
ranger or sub-ranger on being requested to
grant leave to start such fire, or to set up or
operate such portable steam engine, to ex-
amine the place at which it is intended to
start the fire, or to set up or operate the steam
engine, and the adjoining lands, and the tim-

hee FoR ee ay panda pe

__ Alberta, Chief Game Guardian,
Alta.; British Columbia, Pro
Warden, Vancouver, B. C.;
Game Guardian, inni
Brunswick, Chief G ,
Richibucto, N. B.; Newfoundland, Seer + ae
Dept. of Marine and Fisheries, St. Johns, Nfd.
Nova Scotia, Chief Game Commissioner, —
Halifax, N. S.; Ontario, Supt. Game and
Fisheries, Toronto, Ont.; Prince Edward
Island, Game Inspector, Charlottetown, P.
E. I.; Quebec, General Inspector of Fisheries =
and Game, Quebec, P. Q. M. Saskatchewan, _
Chief Guardian, Regina, Sask.; Yukon,
Territorial Secretary, Dawson, Yukon.

Open Season.

This booklet gives under one table all the
general open seasons for game prescribed by 4
the Various States and by the Provinces of
Canada. A uniform method is used in both
the arrangement of species and statement of
seasons. In each case deer and other bi
game are first constdered; then rabbits and
squirrels; then uplands game birds, such as

uail, grouse, pheasants, turkeys and doves;
then shore birds, and finally waterfowl such
as ducks, geese, brant, but always combining ier
the species which have the same open season. —

Hunting on Sunday Prohibited. ene

Hunting on Sunday is prohibited in all of 4
the States and Provinces east of the
one hundred and fifth meridian except
Illinois, Michigan, Texas, Wisconsin and
Quebec.

Export. ;

Canada has a general law prohibiting export
of deer (except those raised on private pre-
serves), wild turkeys, quail, partridges, ©
prairie fowl and woodcock, but permitting
each non resident to export two deer in a year
at certain ports within 15 days after the close
of the open season, under permit of the col-
lector of customs of the port from which
export is made. The ports of export are
Halifax and Yarmouth, N. S.; Macadam
Junction, N. B.; Quebec and Montreal, P. Q.;
Ottawa, Kingston and Niagara Falls, Fort
Erie, Windsor, Sault Ste. Marie, and Port
Arthur, Ontario; and such others as the
minister of customs may designate.

ber, trees and other property thereon, and
to refuse such request and decline to grant
leave, or to grant it only on conditions to
be performed by said persons, if in his opinion
it would not be safe by reason of the danger
of fire spreading thereon or otherwise.
British Columbia. ¥
During the close season (between May 1 |
and October 1) no person, firm or corpora-
tion shall set out, or cause to be set out, fires _
in or near slashings or forest debris, stand-
ing or failen timber, or bush land for the |
purpose of burning slashings, brush, grass, —
or other inflammable material, or for any —
industrial purpose, without first obta
a permit therefor: Provided that no P

a ~K A -
pF AS) oe + ni $
nvict ho shall have set in good

and with reasonable care a back-fire
r the purpose of stopping the progress of a
fire then actually burning.

- Quebec.
No person shall, in the forest or less than
a mile from a forest, set fire to, or burn, any
pile of wood, branches or brushwood, or any
tree, shrub or other plant, or any black loam
or light soil, or any tree trunk or tree that
has been felled, at any time, except for clear-
_\ ing purposes between the 16th of November
_» and the 31st of March of the following year,
_ but between the Ist of April and the 15th

~

THE PLEA OF MR. E. D. SISMEY

OME men are too bashful; others are
too ashamed to give expression to their
. feelings in the bringing back of wild life.
I wish to express my sincere thanks to
Mr. Sismey for his valuable contribution on
behalf of the conservation of our natural
resources.
Of course we all know and admit that
_every great enterprise for the protection of
: wild life that promises to achieve great re-
3 sults always steps on somebody’s toes, and
always provokes some opposition; but the
car ot progress cannot be stopped on account
of that. It may be obliged to hesitate on
account of our -legislators’ desire to know
public opinion, or more particularly, the
opinion of those who seek recreation with a
rod or gun.
Then, again, this car of progress may be
obliged to hesitate now and then in going

: over some particularly stony opposition,
: but the final goal is achieved just the same.
4 Our cause, Mr. Sismey, always gains strength
q while the cause of our opponents always

loses strength; and that comforting fact we

must always keep before our minds.
Be. It is most comforting to pause for a mo-
ment, look back over the situation both in
Canada and the United States, and note the
tremendous gains in wild life protection and
increase that have been made in both coun-
tries (particularly the latter) during the past
ten years. I regard the progress made,—
considering what the conditions were ten
__-years ago,—as something actually astound-
ing; and we must not forget to be thankful

~~ at AS
Pee ©

&

bs
a
wey

of November, it is necessary to firs

the written permission of the Minister, or
any other officer of the Department thereto
authorized by the Minister, or of the fire
ranger.

Ontario. Py. See
Every person who, between the Ist day
of April and the Ist day of November, sets
out or starts a fire within a fire district for —
the purpose of clearing land, shall exercise ©
and observe every reasonable care and pre-
caution in the setting out or starting of such
fire and in managing of and caring for it ’
after it has been set out or started, in order
to prevent the fire from spreading. Net

for the victories that we, as humanitarian
sportsmen, have won.

With this glorious past in view, it is im-
possible to do anything else than to go on,
under a full head of steam like the British
“tanks,”’ and keep going on until the wild
birds and mammals have been brought back
and increased to such an extent that we are
no longer ashamed to face posterity and give
an account of what we have done. If the
boys and young men of the future fail to
appreciate what we are doing to-day, so much
the worse for them. But ingratitude, if
there is any anywhere, will not disturb our
slumbers in the least. ia

Your strong and convincing article, Mr.
Sismey, certainly will do an immense amount ¢
of good, but you must follow it up as I know °
you will, because I do not suppose that either
of us will ever know, even approximately, td
the number of men whom we. are converting
to our way of thinking in this cause. I he-
lieve you are one of the few men who ap- :
preciate the irresistible power of continuous ;
and vigorous effort. That is the kind ot
effort that overcomes all obstacles.

Many men and boys in Ontario must, >
surely, appreciate what Mr. Sismey has said. fs
Is it any wonder that those contributing to-
the pages of Rod and Gun, at present, are of é
a like opinion in the preservation and per-
petuation of wild life in Canada? Many i
sportsmen in Ontario, who have read Mr.

Sismey’s article, surely will now lay aside %
their bashfulness and ‘‘come out from under
cover.” 3

SAVING LIVES

The great benefit which the Province of
British Columbia is deriving from the system-
atic work done by the Provincial Forestry
Department on Provincial lands, and by
__ Dominion foresters in the lands controlled
___ by the Federal Government, can hardly be
____ estimated by one not familiar with the appall-
ing havoc which fire can produce in a forested
_ country, says the Kamloops, B. C., Standard.
__ The recent conflagration in Northern On-
_tario points to the fact that the British Co-
ibia system of forest protection is well

4
=
i
ee

AND DOLLARS

> * 2 st fey
ae ot

worth every dollar expended upon it. There
have been some serious outbreaks in this
country, but in each and every locality the
fire has been put under control before it
gained headway. Millions of dollars have
been saved to the province and to the lum-
ber industries by the British Columbia staff
of fire wardens and rangers, and millions of
dollars and many precious lives would have
been saved to Ontario if that province had
any such system of tire protection as we have
in this province.

mex

M Me ae
P bears

7 of

_ ia >
BIC . :

aN’

FOR LEGISLATION
IN FISHERIES INDUSTRIES

The following article which appeared in “Science” in August, 1916, has been reprint
in pamphlet form and distributed among organizations and publications
interested in conservation

THE NECESSITY FOR

T is lack of knowledge of the world he

lives in that makes civilized man an

actual catastrophe to nature’s resources
and methods.

In this, as in every new country, earlier
generations began a series of stupendous eco-
nomic blunders of turning into cash every
natural asset available, blindly regardless of
future necessities. Public assets have been,
and in some instances are still, legitimate
private booty for those whose imagination
may be sufficiently keen to see the gold dollar
hidden there. It is only within recent years
that evidence has accumulated of the im-
perative necessity of developing the converse
method of solving the economic problems of
how best to transform free public goods, e. y.,
lands, minerals, forests, water power, aquatic
life, wild birds and quadrupeds, and scenery,
into private property or adequately safe-
guarded public assets. The problem itself
is of huge proportions and extensive in its
ramifications. We are only beginning to
grasp its fundamentalness and to awaken
to the extent of our failure to find the correct
solution. We still need a system of educa-
tion which enables the child, the teacher,
the parent, the state and federal legislator
better to acquire the fundamental facts and
their bearings upon human life and human
progress. This alone would have made im-
probable, if not impossible, the present status
where in some respects, in any event, we
are dangerously approaching biological bank-
ruptcy and a conuition which if not speedily
mended will become more speedily beyond

_ recourse. Even over and beyond such earlier
blunders as our methods of distribution and
alienation of such national agsets as the pub-
lic agricultural domain, mineral and forest
lands, the inconceivable slaughter of the
wandering herds of buffalo, elk, antelope

~ and deer, of the clouds of migratory birds

on land and the fleets of fish, birds and
mammals swimming in the sea, much of the
~ capital of this national wealth has been un-
wisely turned into cash and reinvested in
less stable and permanent form of property,
and vast sums put into non-productive and
depreciating forms of property. To render
the future secure, a considerable portion of
the primary proceeds must be again con-
verted back into the original form of invest-
ment in nature’s laboratory. When obliged
to do this we see how difficult and costly,
even if not impossible, is the process, and
how woefully the capital has shrunk as a
result of ignorant and selfish manipulation.
An illustration in a very broad sense is our
usual method of dealing with our rivers and
streams. The fundamental law of water is

760

AND PRACTICE

a
that a stream may be used, but in such aman- ~
ner as not to impair its value to property on —
the stream below. Yet “civilized” man’s first _
conception of a natural stream is that of a |
sewer, provided by nature for use as such by
municipalities, corporations and individuals. _
The ocean is falsely regarded as the proper
ultimate receptacle of all sorts of material
debris of civilization. The next generation
will be convinced that vast sums have been
unwisely expended in construction of “trunk _
lines of sewers to the ocean,” not to mention
the cost to the state of the legislation neces- _
sary, or of the prodigious waste of nitrogenous"
material which is diverted from its immediate
useful purpose of nourishing vegetation on
land, and the irrevocable loss of other valuable
recoverable materials valuable in manufactur-
ing and in the arts. as

The immediate effects, however, of the bio-
logically and economically indefensible pres-
ent methods of disposal of manufacturing and
municipal wastes are destruction of fish life
and menaces to the public health. I am of
the opinion that the annual waste of such
materials in the little state of Massachusetts
alone results in the loss of at least $3,000,000
each year to the manufacturers and citizens
in substances recoverable at a relatively
small cost. In addition in that state at
least $1,000,000 in potential food value could | ee
be annually produced in water now for that —
purpose made valueless or worse, by pollu-
tion. There can be no doubt that the present
unsatisfactory conditions in the oyster and
fish business in general are due to the false
impressions of the sanitary condition of fish
and shell fish conveyed to the public mind _
by the appearance of the shores as a result
of our indefensible practises in the disposal
of municipal and trade waters. a

All this is directly connected with our fail- _
ure to correlate our practises, whether federal, —
state, municipal or individual, with the essen-
tial basic biological principles. Methods and ~
constructions must ultimately be devised and _
executed to check this vast waste. “ee

As a nation and as individuals we have
failed to recognize and to utilize in adequate
measure the necessary and correct biological —
bases for legislation, and though a beginning ~
has been made in many federal departments, _
including notably among others the Depart- _
ment of Agriculture and the Bureau of Fish- —
eries, progress elsewhere is still retarded and —

ediencies, by amateur ‘‘near-statesmen’
By personal opinions forcibly expounded
those who have more enthusiasm or au’
than special information or training. fb

r and readily secure, to meet
equired increased production, the transforma-
tion into property of those free goods still
held in that type of primitive communism
_ which was possible before the development of
an increasing population. With reckless
haste and too frequently dangerously close to
corrupt methods, we have seen the conversion
into private wealth of such public assets as
not only the forests, fish, birds and quadru-

a _ peds, the products of land and water, but as
-_-well much of the public domain itself, both
—_ Jand_and water, the agricultural, timber and

' ‘mineral lands, the sea shores and the lands
under water inside the three-mile limit, etc.,
directly or by indirection, with the result that
we have changed the forms of our investment,
: destroyed nature’s perennial dividend pro-
ducer, only to find after trial on other lines
that we must restore nature’s plant and meth-

ae ods, be content to assist nature, and to be
satisfied with smaller, though more regular

ad increment. The tendency is to replace, fre-
‘g quently at public expense, what the lethargy
ey of the people has permitted to be destructively
: turned into private property. We burn our

< forests, then laboriously replant them. We
: destroy the native birds, and import foreign
species to replace them, and even then are
compelled to resort to expensive spraying
operations to check insect depredations which
under natural conditions would have been
controlled in considerable measure by birds.
__~ We pollute our sources of drinking water,and
_ then devise costly and sometimes ineffective
: methods of purification. We poison our
rivers, and import food fish from wiser na-
tions, or spend our money for outdoor re-
creation in more farsighted communities.
Many of the major abuses have happily
now come within the public view and into
line for ultimate correction. There remain,
however, many minor abuses, similar in that
they have arisen from the same causes as
have the major ones, viz., the personal
acquisitive habits of man. These abuses
menace the usefulness, even the existence,
eof many important public assets because in
____ addition they include an underlying biological
fallacy which escaped the notice of the legis-
- lators. A biological joker in a legislative
bill is sometimes more difficult to deal with
- than the proverbial “colored gentleman in
_ the pile of ligneous fuel’? and is a more cer-
_ tain source of trouble. The most prominent
_ weakness in original legislation dealing with
___wild life, whether fish, birds or quadrupeds,
is the too great emphasis upon “don’t.”
Restrictive legislation, piled Pelion on Ossa,
at enormous waste of energy and time, fre-
quently fails to meet expectations, for the
_Yreason that it usually ignores the question
of increased production. It restricts the de-
mand -without increasing the supply. In
general, for example, legislation restricting
the time (close seasons) and manner of tak-
ing, unless closely connected with the breed-
__ing habits of such species as can not be readily
_ propagated artificially and thereby made

; independent of the natural conditions neces-
sary for existence, fails to be effective, in
it in many cases they do not increase the

supply In proporu
demand. The true method is

anhual production by bringing about
ditions which augment the number of
or young produced and brought to matt
by minimizing the enemies which wey upon
young and adults, by improving the eeding
conditions, inducing more rapid growth or
improved qualities. Both the terrestrial and
aquatic conditions are closely similar and
require practically identical treatment. We
more quickly, however, detect changing con-
ditions on land and apply the proper remedy
without loss of time. r y

The Pilgrim Fathers had scarcely become
fairly settled at Plymouth, where fish were so
abundant that it was ‘enacted by the Court, —
that six score and 12 fishes shall be accounted
to the 100 of all sorts of fishes,’”’ before estab-
lishing by Article 8 of the laws of 1623, that |
principle of public rights which has opened at
once the wealth of Croesus and given oppor-
tunities to the modern Aeolus of legislative
bodies, that ‘‘fowling, fishing and hunting be
free to all inhabitants of this government, pro- _
vided, that all the orders from time to time
made by the General Court for the due regula-
tion of fishing and fowling be observed in
place or places wherein special interest and
property is justly claimed by the Court or any pal
particular person.” Rc

This marks the beginning in this country of ay
the principle of primitive communism which a
had a basis in genuine altruism, and which Lie
beyond doubt then met existing conditions,
as seen by those who could not forecast the
future and whose mental point of view and
horizon was obstructed by unfortunate ex-
periences across the sea.

Present conditions, however, render im-
perative a modification of this view. Re-
strictive legislation which is the logical con-
comitant of this primitive communism, no
longer meets the situation. Agriculture has
passed through this stage of evolution, into
which the fisheries, the wild birds and quad-
rupeds are now entering, and already species
have passed beyond recall as a result of this
method of treatment. During a period of =%
scarcity of corn, wheat or potatoes we do ~~
not legislate for a “‘close season’”’ or to limit is
the quantity to be taken in a day, or to pre- —
scribe the methods of taking or marketing,
but we use every intelligent device available
for stimulating an increased production.
Similarly, for example, a close season and a
limit upon the day’s catch did not prevent
the commercial extirpation of the scallop
(Pecien) in certain localities. The funda-
mental fact necessary for recognition was
that here is a specialized animal which breeds
but once in its life time, viz., when one year
old; the only adequate remedy possible was
to save the young under one year old, per-

Ray oh Me ee ee Se

aa

mit them to breed, and then in the following ee
autumn and winter market the adults before A34
the end of their natural life. gn

In the case of the lobster (Homarus) the re- git
verse condition obtains. The lobster pro-

duces approximately 97 per cent. of the ors
normal total number of eggs after it has i
reached the size of 12 inches and an age of
five to eight years. These breeding lobsters
are then beyond the danger from all enemies

—- — ae sae

Te i ‘as ay

762 ’

except man. To prevent an undue diminu-
tion of the productive capacity of the lobster
as a race the adults which have reached the
breeding age must be conserved by uniform
laws, if we are to have an annual supply of
young produced.

The public and the legislators in relation to
the oyster problem have passed the purely
. biological stages where the methods of in-
creased production were involved and the
problem now is to secure legislation for per-
mitting increased production by adequate
and well known methods, and to reassure the
public upon the sanitary problems involved
in the production, distribution and market-
ing, in order that the market may readily
absorb the increasing quantities which can
be produced, and thus have the benefit of
one of the most important sources of a cheap
and valuable food, as yet relatively un-
exploited.

The crab, shrimp, spiny lobster, are already
feeling the effects of over-exploitation, and
_of neglect to consider proper methods for
increasing the required production. The dog-
fish, destroying more food fish than are mar-
keted, is to-day putting an enormous burden
upon the fisherman, and through these upon
the fish-consuming public. The existing con-
ditions are unappreciated because unseen.
The ocean has not yet become apportioned
for purposes of securing increased efficiency
of food production. The first evident signs
are the world-wide acknowledgment of the
desirability of extending the national three-
mile limit. It is a significant feature that
while the reason given is the increased range
of gun fire, the chief opponents are those who
wish to carry on commercial fisheries as close
as possible to the shores of other nations, or
of states. The recent quahaug war in Nan-
tucket Sound, though a minor incident, has
its significance. An extensive bed of hard
clams, locally called’ ‘“quahaugs” (Venus
mercenaria) was discovered just outside the
three-mile limit off the mouth of Nantucket
Harbor, Mass. The opportunity for “easy
money” was quickly and widely apparent
and steam dredges from other states speedily
“spoiled the market’’ for the local Nantucket
hand-takers. Much bitterness was developed
among the fishermen, and on account of the
undeveloped facilities for distribution the
public failed to secure a just advantage.
The future stocking of the surrounding shal-
lows was postponed by destruction of this
bed of old spawners, designated as “blunts”
in the trade, which yield a low market price
compared to the young or “little necks.”
This vast expense of sandy shallows outside
the “three-mile limit’ to the edge of the con-
tinental plateau is a submarine plain, richer
even than the Mississippi Valley in potential
capacity for producing human food, but is
relatively small when compared with the
population which even now depends upon
it for its sea-food. With the same degree of
support accorded to the Bureau of Fisheries
as the agricultural interests have accorded
to their department, this territory can be
made as productive as the best farming and
grazing lands of the nation. ;

We are but pioneers in this field, and, like
our forefathers, may never see the realization

1 PANES 0 eee 4

ROD AND GUN

of our dreams, but just as they pictur 1
prophecy the boundless fields of wheat, co

mn
and cotton, so we may picture the develop- —

ment of aquatic farming, where even now
hand labor is being replaced by machinery,
and by more efficient methods of distributfon.
The great problem is how best. to replace
destructive exploitation by constructive meth-
ods of increasing production through annual

crops.

to this end instruction in economic biology
is needed. The federal commissioner, Dr.
Smith, has ably pointed out the need of such
educational facilities, and until such develo
ment can be secured the necessary safeguards
for time and capital invested in this work are
lacking, and progress must be as of the halt
and of the blind.

As a practical matter it is exceedingly diffi-
cult for either state or federal departments to
draw from a reluctant committee on appro-
priations money to be used upon projects of
which they have no first-hand information and
which are exploited by relatively few people.
In Massachusetts the problem has resolved
itself to a dilemma, whether the fisheries and
the shell fisheries shall be maintained from
the public treasury and freely open to the
public, or whether the fishing rights on the
tidal flats shall be leased to individuals and the
maintenance and enforcement of the law be

rovided from the money secured from the
eases or licenses and the balance used for re-
ducing the state tax, thus regarding the lands
under water and the public fishing rights as a
state asset for the benefit of all the people.
Consideration of the first proposition clearly
leads to the result that if the community
plants and cares for the annual crops for the
benefit of the fishermen, why should it not do
the same for the farmer? And just as the
communistic growing of corn and potatoes has
proved an economic failure, so must appro-
priations of money by the town or county for
planting clams to be turned into cash by a few
people whose interests or necessities po i be
futile unless it is frankly regarded as e

ages proves that for increased production m-
dividual initiative and responsibility is neces-
sary, and the time is not far distant when we
must revise our practises and our laws so that
all the suitable land below high-water mark
may be utilized. No longer will obtain the
anomalous condition where, as in Maine,
Massachusetts, Rhode Island and other states,
oysters may be artificially propagated, but
not all other varieties of food and bait mol-
lusks. The several state governments and the
federal Bureau of Fisheries are now taking
up the plan advocated in 1892, which evoked
little response in this country, but which was
reprinted in English and German current pub-
lications, wherein the writer advocated these
practises and pointed out the similarity be-_
tween the possibilities of agriculture and aqui-
culture for increasing the yield of food per
acre.

It is a deplorable characteristic of human
psychology that it is relatively easy to inter-
est people in what is readily seen. The propa-_

gation of aquatic forms must overcome the |

eemo- _-
synary. The history of nations and of the’

:
:

Pe

handicap of lack of popular knowledge of the __

processes involved.

It is comparatively sim- _

te

iP ty

vt tes + ls

\

+

_ waste have militated against this type of in-

black foxes, dena-

s, or guinea-pigs; but it is still

to interest people in commercial utili-
zation of waters for growing fish and shell
fish. Our methods of disposal of sewage and

vestment and development of potentialities.
Those who have been accustomed to exploit

free goods and still scent opportunities for

personal gain at public cost, have learned
methods of putting pressure upon public offi-
cials and there are relatively few state or fed-
eral departments which are not to some extent
hampered by some degree of political, personal
or local pressure. The situation in Massachu-
setts is peculiar in that the town is still a

_dominant community unit, and town and

county politicians recognize the advantage of

_ political manipulation of such public assets as

the fisheries, and are loath to promote any de-
velopment which is likely to curtail their op-
portunities for personal influence. It is most
encouraging to see evidence that the federal
departments are each year becoming less
dominated by personal and party politics,
and that the officials are permitted to follow

* ey eG ees
the facts wherever they may |
apply the possible corrections. long 2
this obtains it is the duty of every organ :
tion and right-minded individual to suppo
the federal and state authorities in their
attempts to administer these assets for the
public good. .
Many thinking persons view with alarm the
increasing tendency to substitute bureaucracy
for democracy and state or federal control of -
regulation made necessary by changing condi-
tions.
form as in the facts. If the bureaus cease to
be the real representatives of the demos, and
instead of representing the whole people on
the firm basis of judicially ascertained facts,
their opinions and acts are coerced and warp-
ed from the truth by either subjective or
objective considerations, so that they no
longer represent the federal democratic ideals,
but merely localities and special interests,
bending to political and transient expediencies,
the danger is not only threatening but is al-
ready here. The remedy is plain. It is in
the hands of the people and must be speedily
applied.

WHAT FOREST FIRES COST CANADA
IN 1916

1916 over nine million dollars. This

equals more than six times what has
been spent on forest protection work from
coast to coast.

The enormous sum wasted through this
year’s forest fires, most of which were pre-
ventible, would add another $480 to the
first year’s pension allowances of nearly
19,000 Canadian soldiers:

It is noteworthy that while some parts of
the Dominion owe to rainy weather their

Cis has lost through forest fires in

immunity from fire damage, the season’s

record proves beyond gainsay that in areas
where first rate fire protection systems were
in operation, losses of life and property were
held down to a remarkable minimum.
Quebec had some heavy fires in the Lake
St. John and Saguenay districts, also in the
Gaspe peninsula and west of Escalana on
the Transcontinental railway. It is a strik-
ing fact, however, that within the 24,000
square miles of Quebec, covered by the two
well-organized associations of limit holders,
the amount of green timber burnt is prac-
tically negligible. This immunity was not
a matter of luck but of consistent patient
effort to educate settlers, lumber-jacks and
others in care with fire, coupled with a system
of promptly reporting all outbreaks, and
attacking forest fires in their incipiency with

_ There is a possibility says a dispatch from

Battleford, Sask., that the next legislature

will put a ban on the killing of prairie chicken

until this species of game has had a chance
f to -Tecuperate. The prairie chicken were

large forces of men and modern equipment.

British Columbia faced fairly favorable
fire conditions through the summer months
and the cost of fire fighting was reduced by
about 75 per cent. over the record of 1915.
The number of fires was about half of last
year. The British Columbia forest pro- —
tection service is the most complete in Can-
ada thus far and the saving of timber is a
logical consequence.

A heavy average of rainfall kept fire trou-
bles at arm’s length in Alberta, Saskatchewan
and Manitoba and this weather condition
was undoubtedly responsible for the esc ape
of the main areas of big timber throughout
Ontario. The Claybelt fires at the end of
July and first week of August provided a
tragic sacrifice of 262 lives and what is esti-
mated to be six million dollars worth of
property. There was practically no forest
guarding organization in the fire-swept dis-
trict, except along the railway track.

New Brunswick escaped the risks of 1916
with a very smal timber loss, Nova Scotia
having a similar experience. The records
of the Dominion Railway Board fshow that
the private-owned railway lines of Canada
have not been responsible this year for any
damaging forest fires. Those that were
started were promptly extinguished by rail-
way employees.

very scarce all over the west this year, and
it is believed that the authorities of the three ~
provinces will take concerted action to place
the birds “‘without the law’ until they are
plentiful again.

The danger lies not so much in the _

REFUGES oe

E. A. Quarles, vice-president and secretary
of the National Game Protective and Propa-
gation Society, H. L. Rogers, superintendent
of the New York State game farms, and W. R.
Oates, Michigan game warden are touring
Central Michigan counties seeking a farm of
about 100 acres for the hatching and maturing
of partridges, pheasants and other game for
the re-stocking of the state.

Across the line the associations for the pro-
pagation of game are realizing the necessity of
restoring wild life by the establishment of
game refuges. Considerable progress was
made in the matter of game preserves during
the past year. two new national parks were
established by Congress, bills were passed
accepting the cession of State jurisdiction
over the Crater Lake, Oregon, and Mount
Rainier, Washington, National Parks, with
provision for resident commissioners and en-
forcement of the laws, and amending the
Yellowstone Park Act so as to facilitate pro-

tection of the park and prevent poaching.

Provision was also made for the establish-

ACHIEVEMENT OF BIRD PROTECTIONISTS ~

~ UNIFORM PROTECTION FOR BIRDS THROUGHOUT
CANADA AND THE UNITED STATES.

Bird lovers throughout North America
are deeply gratified over the recent con-
clusion of the treaty under which Canada
and the United States will co-operate in
extending adequate protection to insectivor-
ous bird life. The treaty applies to useful
birds of migratory habits, and includes prac-
tically all our Canadian songsters, most of
which are invaluable destroyers of insect
pests. An absolute close season throughout
the year is imposed on migratory insectivor-
ous birds, enumerated as follows: Bobolinks,
catbirds, chickadees, cuckoos, flickers, fly-
catchers, grosbeaks, humming birds, kinglets,
martins, meadowlarks, nighthawks or bull
bats, nut-hatches, orioles, robins, shrikes,
swallows, swifts, tanagers, titmice, thrushes,
vireos, warblers, waxwings, whippoorwills,
woodpeckers and wrens, and all other perch-
ing birds which feed entirely or chiefly on
insects. Except for scientific or propagating
purposes, these birds, their eggs or their nests
may not be taken at any time.

aK

764

Bias
r + Ls

ment of game preserves on lands purchased Png
for the Appalachian Forest. Under Exeeu-
tive proclamation the Sieur de Monts Nation- =
al Monument of some 5,000 acres on Mount —
Desert Island in Maine was created on July
8th and by Executive orders two new bird
reserves were established, one on Goat Island, —
in San Francisco Bay, Cal. on August 9th and —
the other comprising four lakes on the Platte
reclamation a hae in Nebraska on August shies
21st. Congress donated to the State of Kan-
sas certain lands in the former Kansas Na- _
tional Forest for a game preserve for the pro-
tection of a herd of antelope, and Virginia —
has prohibited hunting on all lands in the —
Massanutten purchase in the Appalachian —
Forest in Senandoah county, thus malas this
area in effect a game refuge. New Jersey
authorized the expenditure of $5,000 10r the ~ a
purchase o: additional lands for the State
game farm, and the creation of game pre- — Bie
serves on private lands by agreement, in ©

Sussex and Warren Counties.

.

Susy

Bird protectionists in general, whether
actuated chieily by sentimental or economic
motives, have fought a hard battle and
achieved a magnificent triumph. The great-
ness of their cause, from a purely material —
standpoint, may be appreciated when it is |
stated on competent authority that the —
annual loss in the United States on :arm —
and forest products, chargeable to insect te:
pests, exceeds $£00,000,000. As Canada’s
losses are no doubt proportionately great, oe
it is evident that no efforts should be spared
to protect birds and all other insect destroyers. __

Bird protection in Canada is a matter of
provincial jurisdiction; and in most cases the ae
laws have been fairly adequate. If properly _
carried out, however, the provisions of the a
treaty, offering uniform protection through-
out the greater part of the continent, should — ts
enable North American bird life to thrive —
and increase as never before. : a

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ALPINE CLUB NOTES

The Annual Meeting of the Club was held
on July 20th around the Camp Fire. The
reports showed the condition of the Club
to be very satisfactory. Motions of sym-
pathy and appreciation were passed which
were afterwards sent to every member at
the front; to Mrs. S. L. Jones, whose hus-
band, the President Elect, died of wounds,
a prisoner. Also to Mr. F. W. Freeborn,
an original member of the Club in his pro-
tracted illness. Votes of thanks were passed
to the Dominion and Alberta Governments
for their assistance and to all the bodies who
had aided the work of the Club.

The officers elected for the -ensuing two
years were: Hon.-President, Sir Edmund
Walker, Toronto, Ontario; President, J. D.
Patterson, Woodstock, Ontario;,Eastern Vice-
President, Lieut.-Col. C. H. Mitchell, To-
ronto, Ontario; Western Vice-President, Ma-
jor W. W. Foster, Victoria, B.C.: Hon.-Treas-
urer, W. J. S. Walker, Calgary, Alberta:
Hon.-Secretary, Mrs. J. W. Henshaw, Van-
couver, B.C.; Director, A. O. Wheeler, Sid-
ney, B.C.; Secretary-Treasurer and Librarian,
S. H. Mitchell, Sidney, B.C.

One of the outstanding figures of the Camp
was Sir James Outram, Honorary member
of the Club, known throughout the Rockies
and the world of mountaineers for very many
first ascents of high peaks made in 1901 and
1902, recorded in his book which is now a
mountaineering classic. His visit to the
Camp was his first climbing expedition since
1902. While there he ascended Mts. Mon-
arch and Brett. He gave a most interest-
ing address around the Camp Fire, relating
his early experiences and advising beginners
not to be content with being merely gymnasts,
but to study everything connected with the
mountains, to be real mountaineers.

The American members came from all
over the States—from New York to Wash-
ington, not only for their own pleasure, but
to show loyalty to the Club in time of stress
and anxiety. Canadian members were pres-

ent from Nova Scotia to British Columbia.
Many letters of regret and sympathy were
received from members at the front and
from those in England.

On July 27th an extraordinary meeting of
the Alpine Club of Canada was held on the
summit of Simpson Pass, seven thousand
three hundred feet above the sea. Letters
had been received from the Eastern Vice-
President, Lieut.-Col. C. H. Mitchell, D.S.O%
asking that a meeting of the Club be held
from noon to one o’clock on July 27th, to
synchronize with one held by the members
of the Club at the front of the battle line at
the same moment.

The occasion was a solemn oné. The
green alpine meadows stretched on all sides
to mount Monarch, distant Assiniboine and
stately Ball, rearing its glacier crowned head
from Shadow Lake.

The director presided, stationed in front
of the Union Jack. As he spoke of the pur-
pose of the meeting and contrasted the peace-
ful surroundings with the turmoil of battle,
Nature, with that dramatic touch she often
shows, sounded Heaven’s artillery; the light- —
ning flashed and the thunder roared and
echoed among the mighty mountains. After ©
the thunder came the solemn, silent space
when for five minutes members at the Front
and members at home were in communion.

The following message was sent to the —
two Vice-Presidents who are both at the —
Front, Lieut.-Col. Mitchell, and Captain —
W. W. Foster, M.P.P., formerly Deputy-
Minister of Public Works for British Col-
umbia, and to the comrades at the Front.

We the members of the Alpine Club of
Canada assembled at Simpson Pass summit
at our eleventh annual Camp desire to say:

That in accordance with the request _con-
tained in the letters of our Eastern Vice-
President, Lieut.-Col. C. H. Mitchell, we
are now holding a meeting at Simpson Pa
summit from .twelve to one of the clo
order to be synchronous with a meeting
on the same date by our members now gathe
ed at the Front of the Battle Line.

766 oa 44

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During the silent interval our thoughts,
which are with you always, travel across
the many miles of land and sea that stretch
between and our prayers go with them.

| May the Lord of Hosts who governs all
things in Heaven and Earth, and Who has
permitted the present awful crisis for his own
- wise purposes, be with you; May He in
4 his mercy watch over you and keep you
4 safe from harm and bring you back in His
own fitting time to gather with us again
around the Camp fire amidst the giant snow
clad mountains that have so often watched
our gatherings in their silent immobility.
That we reverence with the deepest ad-
miration the gallant deeds of our comrades
on military duty is a mere expression of
words. We who are here in Camp are en-
titled to little say in such matters. We
¥ realize the sacrifices made by those who
have left home and family for the cause of
their country, and we glory in these brave
Be men—our soldiers—who have made renown
: for themselves and us, even amidst the mil-
oe lions of similarly brave men of the Empire.
> God Bless you. You are creating tradi-
tions for the Empire and our Alpine Club
that will live forever.

With bowed heads we think of our dear
. ; comrade Major Stanley L. Jones who has
attained the highest summit of glory and
r honour. We feel proud and glad that we
had elected him our President, even though

‘ah

“

7 in death. We pray that his wife may be
“ given strength to bear her loss and the know-
ee ledge that he is a hero among heroes—one
£3 who died for his country—may to some ex-
Be tent mitigate the acuteness of her sorrow.
aS Our deepest sympathy goes out to this noble

lady who has won distinction, quite apart
from that of the splendid man, her husband.

We likewise mourn with grief the death
of our dear comrade, Capt. the Rev. A. Gillies
Wilken, whose death has shown that his idea
of duty was to be with those under his charge
in the forepart of the battle. Death had
no sting for him, and his greeting across the
border, was undoubtedly “‘Well done, thou
good and faithful servant.”

We know that the cause of right, our coun-
try and our flag, are safe in your hands.

God bless you boys. Come back to us.
We need you.

It was signed by A. O. Wheeler, Director;
S. H. Mitchell, Secretary-Treasurer; C. A.
Richardson, General Manager of Camp and
Mrs. Sissons, on behalf of the ladies.

The names of many serving their country
were recalled; among cthers the Rev. Alec
Gordon of St. Andrew’s, Ottawa; W. A.
Alldritt, a prisoner of war in Germany; J.
R. N. Irven, E. O. Wheeler now in Mesopo-
tamia, who had several times been mention-
ed in despatches; and who have been to many
Camps and the list of nearly one hundred
members “doing their bit.”
¥ As the meeting closed the sun shone bright-

ly, the sky was blue, and all was peace.

~
«

_*
;

Since the meeting was held the Club has
learned with great thankfulness that the
report of Captain Mr. Gillies Wilkeén’s death
was an error. He is now a prisoner at Min-
den and well treated.

ROD AND GUN

" mi Madera haf fos WS.
IN CANADA >

The recently issued edition of the Cana
Alpine Journal, contains the following sk é
and appreciation of the late Major Stank *
L. Jones contributed by Mr. S. H. Mitchell,

“‘War takes its toll of the bravest and best. FI
Among our members few were so well known
as Major Stanley L. Jones. We had elected
him president of the Club for the ensuing
term, the eee honour we could bestow;
and now he has gone from us, gone from us
giving in generous fashion as was his wont,
the best he had to give—his life—for freedom
and for the Empire of which he was such a
devoted son.

“He was born at Wolfville, N. S. in 1878
and was educated at Acadia University. He
taught school for a time in Manitoba, but
was always a soldier at heart, and at the out-
break of the Boer war went to South Africa
with the Nova Scotia company in the first _
contingent. He fought at Paardeburg and
was in the squad to which Cronje surrendered.
When peace reigned again he returned to
Calgary where he studied law and later —
formed a partnership with W. F. W. Lent, the _
firm soon becoming well known in the legal
world of the West. Some years ago he was —
made K.C. His investments were successful, _
his home happy and all seemed of fair promise. _

He was a keen traveller, he had seen much ~
of Europe, as well as of the North American —
continent, and wandered widely through the
Balkan states during the former war. .

His love of mountaineering was deep. As
soon as the Alpine Club of Canada was formed,
he joined, becoming an active member at its
first camp at Summit Lake in 1906 and ever ~
preserved his enthusiasm for the work it was
doing for Canada. He was never too busy ~
to give his advice when needed. To his —
generous gift the Club is indebted for the fine
dining room at the Banff Club house which he
admired so much.

Immediately the great war was declared, —
he telegraphed to Ottawa offering his services _
and was given a commission in the famous ~
Princess Patricia regiment. He was soon ~
promoted Captain and died a Major. Shortly
after arriving at the front he was wounded in —
the hand. Recovering, he returned and was —
after some time wounded by shrapnel in the ©
foot. Again he returned to the front and
was wounded on June 2nd by an aerial torpedo —
and taken prisoner. The Germans gave him —
every possible attention, but he died in ~
hospital and was buried in the convent garden
at Moorslede, near Ghent, with military —
honors. The Belgian soil should rest lightly
on him. :

He was much interested in politics and
while at the front was asked to permit his
name to be submitted as a candidate for
Parliamentary honours. He absolutely re-
fused, realizing as all the first contingent
have done, and as those at home are at
beginning to realize that the war, the fight for
right, is the only thing that matters. All else
is triviality. Sa

A gallant soldier, he died as he lived, 4
gentleman.

Bite
yA AY
{ 7 \

‘
We

~

ae
ri

e

*

There is no higher praise.

His wife, herself a soldier’s daught
been serving through the war with the -
Red Cross, and for her valued se:
been granted the rank of Lieutenan

Cane y ) { x (ON ADs
pe y, Lite t ‘ dave fe Vines

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

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Trout Flies

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60c fora a assorted bens Quality C
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have been on the market for over G5c Riguar price... d6e, Bass Flies
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Illustrated Catalogue free on application ; uf

“— > ee, Oo a ee

770

the Club extends its sympathy in fullest
measure.”

A ee | Coe Pe ee eee. Pei

The same number also contains an ex-
tended reference to the late Very Rev. Dean
J. J. Robinson, Warden of St. John’s College,
who passed away on the morning of June
14th at St. John’s, Winnipeg. Mrs. Parker
who contributed the sketch concluded by
saying that in an aesthetic and spiritual sense
Dean Robinson was the finest influence that
ever came into the Alpine Club of Canada.
The Alpine Club of Canada will extend their
sympathy to Mrs. Robinson who was the
chaperon of the Little Yoho camp in 1914 and

>!

“ROD AND GUD

mai MM SRL geen ay
to the family, four sons of whom are se
the King, two in Flanders, one in |

ters, one the wife of a naval commander and Fale ae
the other the wife of an officer in France. ;

Regret is also expressed at the death of
Mr. J. B. McLaren of Winnipeg, a member
of the Club since 1908. He with his wife ~
graduated to Active Membership on Mt.

uber in 1909. Sympathy is extended to
Mrs. McLaren who shared her husband’s love
of Nature.

Copies of the current issue of the Journal can be procured from Mr. S. H. Mitchell, Sidney, Vancouver Island, BiGz 4

SUGGESTIONS FOR ORNITHOLOGICAL WORK

ANY people interested in bird life are
M anxious to make a study that will be
worth while. An outline which can

be followed by both the amateur and the
trained ornithologist, and one which _ will
lead to a comprehensive knowledge of the
life history of a bird, is given herewith. This
valuable outline appeared in an article by
P. A. Taverner, of the Canadian Geological
Survey, entitled “Suggestions for ornithologi-
eal work in Canada” (Ottawa Naturalist,
vol. 29, April, May, 1915, pp. 14—18, 21—28).
“Ornithology can be approached and stud-
ied from various sides and by individuals
of many different tastes and inclinations.
For the general nature lover, interested in
birds from a poetic or esthetic standpoint,
the study of life-histories offers-a most attrac-
tive field. Careful watching and observing
of feathered friends in their secluded haunts,
bloodlessly staikng them with camera and
note or sketch-book and divining the hidden
secrets of their lives is a pleasure that can
be indulged in by all and enjoyed by many.
The most common bird of our vicinity is
an object worthy of the most careful and
painstaking attention. The wren building
in the improvised nesting box in the garden,
the song sparrow of the near-by thicket are
both awaiting a careful record of the story
of their daily lives. The amount of original,

valuable ‘and interesting information that

can be gathered from such home-like sources
is almost infinite and unexpected surprises
will almost daily repay the close observer.
To those whose time and opportunities are
limited such birds about home are fruitful.
By those with more leisure, greater ambition
or ampler opportunities, work farther afield
may be pursued and species less common-
place can be studied. In fact there is work
in this line for everybody of widely divergent
taste and situation and even city parks and
backyard gardens will amply repay atten-
tion.

“As a suggestion for investigation, the
following outline of problems to be solved
may be followed. It ismerely suggestive and
can be enlarged indefinitely.

“Ts the species a resident or a migrant?

“When does it arrive and leave?

_ “What are the determining influences upon
its migrations—food supply, weather, or does

physwigeical development produce a period-
ical desire to migrate.

“Which individuals come or leave first,
male or female, young or old?

*‘Are they mated when pa arrive or do
they select mates after arrival?

“Are there any courtship ceremonies?

“‘What characters seem to determine sexual
selection? Vigor? Beauty? Song? 1

“Do the same individuals return year — ;
after year to the same localities, and do they
mate together annually?

“How wide is the local range of the in-
dividual? Do they keep close to this home
area or wander widely?

‘“When, where, and how do they nest? i‘

““Which sex chooses the site? i

‘*Which sex builds. the nest and how much
and in what way do they aid each other?

‘““What seem to be the qualities that they
look for in selecting a nesting site?

“Do they work on the construction throng
out the day or only at regular intervals?

“What is the technic of nest building?

“Ts the technic the result of instinct, ex-
perience or memory, and does it improve-
with experience?

“Are all individuals of the species equally
expert in nest building?

“How far can they adjust nest to new
materials, situations or conditions?

“Ts there any change in the routine habits
before, during or after nest building? ae
““Are the eggs deposited immediately after
the nest is finished? \ ae

“What is the incubation period? a

“How many eggs are laid and when, how’ ~
often, what is a normal set? _ 4

“Does the egg laying seem under the con-
scious control of the individual?

“What determines the number of eggs—
the size of the nest, the judgment, age or
vigor of individual?

“How are the eggs brooded, by which ©
sex? Do they divide the labor? Are the
feathers removed from the abdomen of the ~
brooding bird consciously or do they wear —
off by friction with the eggs? What is the
incubation temperature? How often are the ~
eggs turned by the parent? us

_ “How are the eggs protected during excep- —
tionally inclement weather? Be

‘

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA Ty 4
“tops FREE Mount Birds

**Ilew to Learn

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Don’t go trapping without 3-in-One! Sold
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25c; 80z., (Ya pt.) 50c. Alsoin Non-Leak

| Handy Oil Can—just fits the hip pocket ff
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The Craft
For You

Is a

Chestnut Canoe

A man who had to subject his Chestnut Canoe to unreasonably hard
usage last year, writes us a very complimentary letter, concluding ‘‘Your :
Canoes are in a class alone.” :

There are many reasons for his verdict; long years of experience, our choice of the best Nae
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heat, cold and water, the close attention we pay to little details, the all-round excellence
that wins Chestnut Canoes so many medals and diplomas wherever exhibited.

Booklet Illustration shows the winning pair in a Chestnut Cruiser at a regatta,

Georgetown Harbor, P.E.I. Post Card brings free booklet describing our
Free many models.

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a ie 1 1%. te

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5UNS AND AMMUNITION

a,
as

Ze MA -DITED BY A.B.GEIKIE
N A

ONV;ssse@ |

The Publishers ef Red and Gun Magazine invite readers of the magazine te centri-

bute artieles
eentributors.

and letters te Mr. Geikie’s department eon matters pertaining te guns and
ammunition, but do not necessarily endorse the epinions expressed therein

y these

MODERN LOADS FOR AN OLD
CARTRIDGE

C. S. Landis

HOSE two articles on small game rifles
by Lieut. Townsend Whelen, published
last fall in Rod and Gun hit the nail

squarely on the heaa. The only thing about
them that surprised me was that he had such
poor results with the .25-21 cartridge. I
think the whole trouble was due to the fact
that as I understand it, he used only black
powder; and lead bullets cast all from*one
alloy.’ It has been the experience of Mr.
Alfred Loetscher and myself in experiment-
ing with this caliber that changing the alloy
often very slightly makes quite a difference
with this caliber.

These experiments are offered for the
pleasure of the readers of this magazine.
They shall not under any circumstance be
regarded as a criticism of Lieut. Whelen’s
statements in any manner as | regard Whelen
as by far the most careful, accurate, scientific
and thoroughly practical] writer handling
such subjects.

I hope that he will come across with targets
made by this .25-20 and .25-35-86 Winchester-
Neidner that will make these look easy but
I am afraid that Loetscher’s machine rest
score of 500 will be a group quite hard to
excel.

In the first place I wish to call attention
to the fact that The Stevens Arms & Tool
Co. do not at the present time furnish their
single shot rifles in any caliber with a barrel
adapted to the use of metal cased bullets.
As the Stevens rifle is the only rifle made at

772

the present time in this caliber we are con-
fined to alloy bullets.

Mr. Neidner can furnish a nickel steel bar-
rel with 14-inch twist fitted for $20.00 but
this cost will stop quite a few users of this
caliber. Why the Stevens Arm & Tool Co.
should be so determined to be behind the
times is a mystery.

The use of factory ammunition.—

Smokeless ammunition of this caliber ruins
the barrel in short order from pitting. :

The black powder ammunition is very in-
accurate. .It is so inaccurate that it is abso-
lutely good for nothing. Neither Mr. Loet-
scher nor myself can get a group as small
as two inches at fifty yards from it with
either his machine rest or by prone shooting. —

Again, in cartridges of this size there very
often is constant trouble from pitting when
pane smokeless primers. The remedy is
black powder primers and a small charge of
fine black powder for a priming charge fol- —
lowed by the smokeless charge. sy

This method gives very fine results with
this cartridge. It is not only very accurate —
but the rifle stays accurate for a day’s hunt-
ing without cleaning and when cleaned with ~
a few rags soaked in stronger ammonia it —
cleans thoroughly in a few minutes. It
cleans easier than a .22 rim fire and stays
clean. My own barrel is four years old. —
It is as bright as new and so far, I cannot
notice any falling off in accuracy. oe

For Ducks

When the good shot of the day comes—you
want to be confident that your shot shells are
reliable—that they will back up your aim and
do their part to fill your game bag.

Canuck

—the speediest of all shot shells—gives you real con-
fidence and eliminates all ammunition worries. The
sensitive primer, the powerful load and the response
to the trigger-pull guarantee shooting satisfaction.
There is no ‘‘might have been’’..with Dominion Shot
Shells.

The fast Canuck, Imperial, Sovereign, Regal and
Crown are all carefully tested and of known worth—
the only Canadian-Made Shot Shells.

Write today for our free hanger, ‘‘A Chip of the Old Block.”’

Dominion Cartridge Co., Limited
836 Transportation Building, Montreal.

Sa
\i onion

J zit h AS

ind

.

The charge I use is so absolutely smoke-—

less 7 9 practical purposes that crows can-
not locate a rifleman on that account, I
have often had two or three shots in succes-
sion due to killing the first bird and the
others came back for a last farewell. In some
cases there is more than one\farewell as the
first shot acts as a sighter.

50 shot score of 500 at 50 yards (a possible) by Alfred
Loetscher, from machine rest, Feb. 16,1916 .25.21
Stevens rifle. Load—2 grs. F.F.F.G. Dupont black and

grs. No..1 Dupont smokeless (bulk measure), blot-
ting paper wad. U. M.C. shells and 1% primers
(U. M. €). 1 to 14 Ideal bullet No. .25-720 seated in
shell—2 bands out. Fair — some wind — Temp. 40°F.
Witnessed by Hermon Loetscher.

Practically the only disadvantage to be
found with this method of loading using
two kinds of powder is that it takes a little
longer to load the shells. The results I am
sure entirely justify the work. ;

The targets herewith reproduced tell their
own story. Each one was made by a differ-
ent load or a different rifle. Mr. Loetscher
tested my best on his machine rest. I tested
his best Schuetzen load prone on my padded
rest. On the machine rest there was appar-
ently no difference between the best of his
and the best of mine. In my rifle my own
load did a little better work. His might have
done better by changing it very slightly for
this one rifle.

All of the targets sent the editor contain
enough shots to cut out the chance of freak
group except the ten shot groups.

They are all winter shooting in Iowa and
Penna. If shot in the summer they ought
to be better on account of the difficulty of
keeping warm when prone shooting on frozen
ground.

I worked out my own load principally for
successful crow shooting over the snow.
This of course means that nearly every shot
will be over sixty yards.

Last season using a .22 long rifle barrel
weighing 144 pound more than the .25 caliber
barrel on the same action and with the same
telescope sight, the length of the shots that
killed averaged 60 paces. This too in a
_ barrel that had been tested with thirteen
different kinds of cartridges to get the most
satisfactory one to use.

This winter going back to the .25 caliber
barrel and using 2 grs. weight F. F. G. black
nd 814 grs. weight of Schuetzen, the average

‘Tifle by previous firing;

ite of the fact that

y we had a ten to forty m
blowing according to the re
weather bureau; only one
than 80 paces.

I think next year it will be a .25 hi
Pope or Neidner.
away from 100 paces on up. ;

This load is sufficiently powerful to anchor
ipgeonee ary crow hit anywhere from

ill to tail and that is more than can be said
of the .22 long rifle with any cartridge. Two
of them only creased just South of their rear
suspender buttons sat right down in their
shame—paralyzed. To those who may smile
at anyone shooting crows, I add, first try
the game and then smile if you can. Smoke-
less Loads—

All of these loads were loaded in U. M. C.
Shells—expanded in the chamber of this
rimed in every case
with U. M. C. No. 11% black powder primers;
shells resized slightly, at the muzzle only,
whenever necessary.

Loads of Schuetzen smokeless without a
black powder priming were not found to be
as satisfactory as those primed with a black
powder priming pee of 2 grs. weight of
F.F.F.G. or F. F.G. but I did not sup-
pose that they would be. They averaged
98 on the one inch bull at 50 yards however
and blame few people can beat that avera
without a telescope with anything with the
bullet seated in the shell. Horizontally the
groups were seldom over 34 inch across but
always had two poor shots vertically. y
Just two? Bullets seated three bands out of
the shell and nine grains of zSchuetzen as
a powder charge.

earl oF the

“‘Tack Hole”—ten shot possible score at 50 yards by
Alfred Loetscher testing my load of 2 grs. F.F.G. plus
8}4 grs. Schuetzen. Machine rest. 3/10/16. Temp. 32°

Two grains of F. F. G. black and 8%
grains weight of Schuetzen with a 1 to 15
bullet No. 25720 weighing 90.8 grains seated
three bands out of the shell is very accurate.
It is the most accurate load I have used in
this caliber.

kill pacing less

power nh
Too many of them get —

ga?

See the ‘“‘Tack Hole” possible —

group made by Mr. Loetscher from machine
rest with this load in testing it for me and —
my own score of 496 at 50 yards for 50 shots —
on the one inch bull. There is absolutely

“
—_— 7 7

hase

. Get Your Game!

ited
, =)
¥ be * ?

HEN your dogs “start

something’, you want to

feel sure of your quarry.
Confidence in your powder is a
big factor in bagging your game.
The fact that generations of
shooters have shot Du Pont
Sporting Powders is your assur-
ance that they are the powders
for your shotgun or rifle.

Make Every Shot Count

SHOOT POWDERS

The game-getting qualities of powder,—quick ignition, high
velocity, even pattern, penetration,—are incorporated in every
grain of these dependable sporting powders.

Make every shot count on your hunting trip. See that the shellbox

or canister reads “DUPONT” when you buy loaded ammunition or
powder for hand-loading.

Du Pont Sporting Powders are loaded by the leading
ammunition companies and sold by dealers everywhere.

FOR BOOKLETS DESCRIPTIVE OF DU PONT SPORTING POWDERS,
GAME LOADS RECOMMENDED AND INSTRUCTIONS FOR HAND-
LOADING, WRITE TO THE SPORTING POWDER DIVISION OF{

E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Company
POWDER MAKERS SINCE 1802
WILMINGTON, DELAWARE, U.S.A.

SAREE

a) LP tt: 50

Paes
a4

rs
*

ot > SBR akin Se I

a.
Loe

776

no use in shooting at a 2 inch bull with this
load at 50 yards. Average size of groups
at 50 yards about 1 inch for me and I ama
very, very ordinary marksman; this of course
in calm weather. But this is not all. Eight
out of ten will average ‘0.60 to 0.70” for
the same distance. Eight out of ten shots
in a group are the shots that kill. Possibly
I should say the shots that hit. The off
shots or the other two if they hit at all hit
by accident if the range is great.

I have no trouble at all to score 99 any calm
day. In fact I get at least half of the scores
99 or a possible. About 6 scores of 99 to each
possible. é i

Once I made a tackhole possible with this
load. On four other occasions I lost out on
one shot as follows. The first time my left
arm slipped on the 9th shot, the 2nd time
I flinched the ninth. I was thinking about
the previous near attempt. The third time
there was an unaccountable wild shot and
the last and worst an excitable kid fell over
my feet on the ast shot. I wish that boy
had never been born.

Bullets softer than about 1 to 18 fall off
considerably in accuracy with this load in
this rifle. They should be from 1 to ten
to 1jto fifteen tin.

20 shot grou
padded rest.
15 bullet, 3 bon

at 50 yards. C. S. Landis, prone and
ars. F.F.G. and 9 grs. Schuetzen. 1 to
s out of shell. ‘

Two grains of F. F.G. and 9 grains by
weight of Schuetzen is almost as accurate
as the preceeding one and slightly more
powerful but is somewhat harder to load as
the powder is harder to tap into the shell
evenly. Oddly enough in this 26-inch No.
2 barrel when shot from a rest it shoots with
exactly the same elevation as the preceeding
charge at 50 yards. The only reason I know
for this is that the difference in velocity is
ei equalized by the difference in barrel

p.

My best score for 50 shots at 50 yards with
this load was 493 but I have used it very
little for the other is better.

Two grains F. F. G. and 914 grains Schuetz-
en can be gotten into the shell all right but
the shells stick considerably and the charge
is too strong for a 1 to 15 cast bullet. It is
very accurate with a metal cased bullet as

ee? Be» t

ta it oF.

OM Te T re
Ney

are the others.

10 shot group at 50 yards. C.S. Landis .25.21 Stev-
ens, telescope sight. 2 gs. wt. F.F.G. and 9% grs.
weight Schuetzen. 1 to 15 bullet No. 25 720. Remark-
be pe Ng a high velocity cast bullet load 3 bands
out of shell.

Same bullet loaded 2 bands out of the shell
instead of three. :

To load this way use one grain less of
Schuetzen by weight. ; ‘ “
Two grains F. Rk. G. and 7% grains Schuetz-

en is very accurate. See group. It is about
equal to the 2 and 9 load in my rifle. This —
is Mr. Loetscher’s Schuetzen load except that
he uses F. F. F. G. instead of F. F. G. which

20 shot group at 50 yds. C. S, Landis, prone and pad-
ded rest. .25.21 Stevens rifle, telescope sight. Load—
2 ers. weight, Dupont F.F.G. black, 74% grs. weight
Schuetzen. 1 to 15 bullet No. 25 720. Christmas Day.
1915. Cloudy, damp, unusually dark. Bullet seated
2 bands out of shell. This is Mr. Loetscher’s load. “ig

I used as I could not obtain the finer powder —
while experimenting. : iy

Increasing the powder charge % grain did —
not work for me as I got wild shots occa-—
sionally. =

Ideal gas check bullet No. 257388 for the
250-3000 Savage cast 1 to 10 and weighing
80.5 grains is very accurate with 2 F. F. G
and 7% of Schuetzen. It is a spitzer w

YL CR Ae! COD ban
¢ ofa Xs te

Pee 40 RODAND GUN IN ‘CANADA AS ae

«= Palace,

Jagdalpur,
Bastar State, C. P.
Dear Sir:

The Ross .280 bore rifle I purchased from you is a very accurate rifle and
has always given me entire satisfaction. I was so very pleased with this rifle
in shooting a tigress lately, that I spontaneously send you this certificate with a

photo of the tigress shot, allowing you to publish the same in your catalogue.
With compliments.

Yours faithfully,
H. H. The Raja of Bastar.

The Ross .280 handles the king of the jungles just as successfully as it
drops the great grizzlies of the American continent. In many lands hunters
of big game praise its power and accuracy.

The Ross .303 Models are slightly less powerful and also lower in price

than the .280. Many of the most experienced Canadian sportsmen use them
exclusively.

For small game or target practice the Ross .22 Cad et Rifleis
ideal. It sells at $12.00. Ross Sporting Rifles at $25.00 and
up. At best dealers everywhere. For catalogue write

ROSS RIFLE CO. - - QUEBEC

778

very sharp point but is quite accurate and
makes a very fine small game load without

tearing it to pieces.

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA _

This is a good squirrel and grouse load.

I have some of these loaded heavier but
have not had the opportunity to try them out
ret. I believe they will be accurate up to
3. possibly 814 of Schuetzen plus the priming

charge.

I have put this rifle through its paces

pretty thoroughly with metal cased bullets

but as none of the barrels are hard enough

as made now to stand them I will not use
up the space to give results.
them can be found in the January Recrea-

50 shot score of 496 out of 500 at 50 yds.

Landis. Prone and padded rest.

CoS
2 grs. F.F.G. Black,

Results with

S

84ers. Schuetzen, .25.21 Stevens and telescope sight.

A writer in the Indianapolis News says that /

the gypsy moth caterpillars are finishing their
work for the year and entering the pupa stage.
If you are inclined to be scientifically curious
you may be interested in knowing that the
pupa stage, according to the dictionary, is the
stage of chrysalis, and that the chrysalis is
the final stage through which a lepidopterous
insect passes prior to its windge stage.
one who has with difficulty learned to spell
caterpillar, there seems little sense in giving
such an ingenious name to so useless a
creature, but to one who is unhappily familiar
with the habits of that intrepid insect, lepid-
opterous has a pleasingly appropriate sound,
well suited to a crawling, fussy, hungry little
beast of a worm. To get back to the main

oint, however, it is a comforting thing to

now that he is finishing his work. Certainly

he has made a fearful job of it.

To

His activity

has been amazing and the results of that
activity incredible, and the most amazing
incredible part of it being that, as far as the
ordinary citizen can see, it has all been along
destructive lines and has done nobody any
good, even the benefit to the lepidopterous
being doubtful. And now the caterpillar
is making his bed and going to sleep in it,
making it in the most inconvenient locations
about the front porch, in the corner of the
swing, above the willow chair, along the
window ledge, or under the leaves of

plants in the flower box.

And there he

he

. world oppressed by the high cost of living.

We oO Ay .* DF ‘ ’
ly Ay ie We “t i, i i 4 * js Fd

tion and April or May Outers’ Book. Beads,
Practical trajectory shooting. Ae Ree
With the 2 and 8% load I sight the rifle
for my crow shooting for a rest shot at 100
vards, with the solid rest a foot back from !
the muzzle. Then it shoots 2 to 234 inches
high at 50 yards. This takes care of the ©
shot when one crawls up a fence row and lays —
one out, out in a corn field. Off hand it —
shoots 3 or 314 inches low at 100 yards and
34 inch high at 50 and takes care of any
quick shots. Upto125 yardsI hold highand ~
over that I try to avoid shooting. Lae
This 200 yard small game shooting witha
low velocity rifle is the biggest fake going. —
In conclusion I wish to ask the Lieutenant
if he could not furnish the readers of Rod ©
and Gun with something on his .25-35-86
and his .25 High Power Neidner-Winchester
rifles, giving diagrams showing how they
compare at 50,100 and 125 yards with the ~—
rifle sighted for 100 yards in each case, article
to have groups made with each rifle at each
of the distances and their distance above
or below the line of sight shown. 3
This would, I am sure, be found very in-
teresting. | aN
Correction.

In my article on “The Rifle for Every x
Day in the Year’ in the March issue, the
target on page 1048 should be scored 495
and was made using a 12 power Stevens ©
Scope. The one on page 1050 should read ts
498 and was made using a 3 power Win- —
chester scope, Stevens rifle and Peters cart-
ridges.

sleep his sins peacefully away, full of dreams
of the day when he will awake, a lepidor-what-
you-call-it no longer, but a butterfly, a
winged creature of beauty ana joy. a
The worla is uncertain and often foolish
in its rewards. The dreams of the lep-what-
ever-it-is should be anything but pleasant. _
They should be, if there is anything at allin _
the old belief in a guilty conscience, worse
than the dreams of Scrooge himself. They
shoula be filled with the conception of beauty __
destroyed and of virtue slain. He should re-
member the wisteria vine stripped of all its
hope of bloom before it was well budded, he
should have nightmares of cabbages robbed
of their ambitions of being of some use toa

He should be haunted by the screams oc- —
casioned by dropping on somebody’s white
neck and by the imprecations he has brought ~
forth by crawling unexpectedly up somebody
else’s sleeve. A very uncomfortable sleep —
he should be having. a
Nevertheless it is plain to be seen that he ©
is enjoying it. Certainly he would never
have made his bed so daintily if he haa not ~
expected to have pleasant dreams. And the
strangest part of it all is that even with our —
ragged vines and our empty headed cabbages _
we have no aesire to disturb his sleep, for S
too, are thinking of the aay when he
a butterfly and are already forgiving hin
having made a sorry mess of his y

The Gan That
Never Shoots
Loose

THE L. C. SMITH |
TRAP GUN |

. With 2 Triggers - - - - - $55.00 } i
American Made by American With Automatic Ejector - = = . =) “$66.00 F
. Workmen. With Automatic Ejectorand Hunter One Trigger $86.00

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ASK FOR OUR ART CATALOG

The Hunter Arms Co., Inc. 29 Hubbard St., Fulton, N. Y.

Most Discriminating Gun Users In
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hoy
I \ gst
¥
eA ue

TAND with me on the summit fof a
Canadian Pacific Rocky Mountain.
What a wondrous panorama is unfolded:

not only of peaks and ranges, tier on tier; line
on line, but of vast glittering fields of snow
and ice, making a white world of the upper
heights, 2 region of eternal winter in striking
contrast to the flower-covered beds of the
valleys a mile below us, or the green of the
alpine meadows and the forest depths.

EAS, PRR

wuss SRERME CEU R OS 22

We are standing in a realm where rivers
of ice flow, for it is one of the manifold won-
ders of nature that these huge snaky lines
or ice are slowly but surely moving down the
mountain slopes to their death in a terminal
moraine. And while they thus travel down
hill, they are at the time shrinking, so that
with a \few exceptions they show a gradual
recession which is marked in some glaciers

by scientific study, huge boulders carrying j .

ws + --- - - O

WHERERIVERS of IGE FLOW

The Yoho Glaciers.

ES.

%

Ci

ri) Aha ' ¥ ; TST TODO i, WEE! CONICS Sea Ae eae

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

.22 Savage Automatic Rifle, Model 1912

Wy should you have to disturb your hold— any .22 rifle, repeater or single shot, uses—the .22
Y move your arm—take your eye and your Long Rifle LESMOK or SEMI-SMOKELESS only.
mind off your sights—between shots?

And it will not work with the less accurate, inferior,

You have to with the ordinary repeater to work the smokeless or black powder Long Rifles, or wi
action. Longs or Shorts or B. B. caps.

But the .22 Savage Automatic Rifle reloads itself. It is hammerless with solid breech, solid top and
The recoil does it. You keep on aiming—just pull shotgun safety on tang. Two 7-shot detachable
the trigger again for each shot—that’s all! box magazines with each rifle. 20 incn round

barrel, shotgun butt, weight only 434 lbs.

It only costs $12.00—less than most repeaters—*
and if your dealer can’t supply you, we'll send a

Don’t you think you’d better use one after this? qe ae een te cartridges. express paid in the

Don’t you see how this rifle would have saved you
lots of game you’ve lost?

It shoots the best and most accurate cartridge that And anyway, write us for more particulars.

SAVAGE ARMS COMPANY
SA AGE 5412 SAVAGE AVENUE, UTICA, N.Y.
Manufacturers of High Power and Small Calibre
Sporting Rifles, Automatic Pistols and Ammunition

SILVER
YOUR BULLETS

WILL HELP THE ‘“‘OLD COUNTRY”
and you get the WORLD’S BEST
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“Jove” and hand down to your grandson as a “real killer’.

Don’t buy a piece of metal and wood, a “courtesy” gun built
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W. W. Greener 27..222377, 2rct¢¢ 22"i« Montreal, P.Q.

~ 2 £ROD AND GUN IN CANADA”

i i il ee ge a eS

the year when the toe of the glacier reached
that spot, with later markings indicating the
shrinking process.
for example, retreated up the valley, between
1890 and 1896, a distance of no less than 452

3 : ;
ferhe Illecillewaet glacier, in the Selkirks, is
one of the largest remaining glacial deposits
in the Canadian ranges, a gigantic icy river
of green and white-flowing valleyward with a
magnificent sweep. Longfellow’s description
comes to mind as one gazes on the sceme as
“a glittering gauntlet which the frost king
has thrown in defiance of the sun,” and so it
seems as it glitters back its radiance frqm its
white bosom and its crystal architecture.

Or stand on Lefroy or Hungabee, or better
still, on Temple in the Lake Louise region, and
again the eye is held in thrall with the colossal
eanvas and the icy glaciers on every peak.
Who will forget that superb view ot the
Victoria Glacier from tne Lake Louise Chalet,
or the white masses on the lofty roofs of the
Ten Peaks, when a full moon floods them with
silver light? The sheen ef a hundred spark-
ling waterfalls makes a drapery, while at

The Illecillewaet Glacier,

times the ear is bombarded with the sound of |
a esa avalanche tumbling from incon-
ceivable heights.

The wonder of the glacier is more fully
realized when they are explored at close quar-
ters, when their fantastic caverns and awe-
some fissures are entered or crossed, when the
mountain climber picks his way over a mass of
ice masses thrown up as if in mortal agony
by the pressure of the upper deposits that
cause the downward movement. Yonder
is the snow field from which the glacier flows,
here is a Spiel pa yar y as the ugly-looking
crevasse is called that separates the glacier
from the mountain side. Seracs—curious
ice towers—look like monuments of the gods,
and the tongue or snout marks the end of the
glacier from whence flow the melting waters
that mark the birth of great rivers.

In this vast Canadian Garden of the Gods,
of Rockies and Selkirks, in which. scores of
Switzerlands could be put, nothing is more
wonderful than the great glaciers ever jour-
neying to their obliteration, ever sweeping
toward the valley beds.

LOST IN THE WOODS

THE EXPERIENCE OF A PEMBROKE, ONT. CITIZEN,
WHOSE ACQUAINTANCE WITH THE ONTARIO
GAME LAWS IS VERY RESTRICTED.

“Nemo”

shooting. It does not matter where,
and anyway no one can do anything
to me for what I did to the partridges.

I had been thinking about the first of
September and recalling the joy with which
I used to hail that once hallowed day. I
remembered how I used to overhaul my
shooting traps the night before, although
they had been in readiness for the past week,
and stay up half the night so as to be sure
to get an early start in the morning. I made
up my mind to once again feel those thrills,
and no other day than the first of September

O* the first of September I went partridge

‘would do.

I had a hazy idea that someone had told
me that the season no longer opened on
September first in Ontario, and a distant
recollection of having seen an inconspicuous
article on the back pages of some obscure
newspaper, which stated that partridges
were not to be shot, in some place I could
not remember, before 1918. I inquired dili-
gently, but found none who could tell me
when the season for partridge opened in
Ontario, or if it opened at all. In Quebec
it is ly supposed that almost any-
thing may be killed whenever it can be found.

I thought that perhaps the game-warden
might be able to give me the desired informa-
tion, but I failed to find anyone who knew
who the game-warden was, so I took a chance
and went out on the first.

I am not going to tell where I went, as
such information might tend to the em-
barrassment of a couple of game-hogs who
became involved in my experiences, and I
am not going to sign this article because I
have not yet learned whether going out to
shoot partridges before the appointed time
(which apparently no one knows) is action-
able, or whether to become amenable to the
law, actual slaughter must take place. I
could tell this adventure much more freely
if I were clear on that point. However, as
I said before, I left Pembroke on the morn-
ing of the first, shortly after daybreak, and
having reached my objective point at a still
early hour, shouldered my gun and tramped
and tramped and tramped, for hours and
hours. I grew weary at last and decided
to halt for refreshments. Before beginning
my preparations I glanced at my watch to
find that the ordinarily reliable timepiece
must be out of order, as it only registered
half-past ten. Being convinced that there
was something wrong with the watch, I opened
my lunch box and found that it contained
all that was necessary for a satisfactory meal,
including some liquid refreshment, which had
the appearance of cold tea, in a small flat
bottle. Having eaten my luncheon and tak-
en several pulls at the bottle, that looked
as if it contained tea, I laid down for a few
minutes to rest and awoke, a short time later,
to find that my watch had made up the time

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 783

MARBLES
Safety Axes

if Rightly known as ‘The Handiest Tggl a Sportsman Ever Carried”. Until you have carried a Marble Axe %
é on a trip you cannot realize whata dy, valuable tool itis. Practical, perfectly balanced, tough and keen
/; —capable of withstanding the severest usage. It serves all the purposes of axe, hatchet and hammer yetisso
small and light weight that it is easily carried in pocket or belt and the weight will scarcely be noticed. A
perfect axe forsetting a tent, blazing a trail or cutting gambrel sticks or a pole for carrying a big buck. A
>2 stream can be bridged —a raft easily constructed. Has many other uses that every hunter, camper,
Y% guide or fisherman will appreciate.
Marble Safety Axes are quality tools. The length isonly 10, 11 or 12 inches and the weight from 16 to
970z. Nickel plated spring hinged guard is lined with lead and folds into handle. Blade of tool steel, care-
— ~ fully tempered and sharpened. Metal handles are drop-forged and will never break. Side plates are of rubber.
=> Wooden handles are of selected hickory and have nickel plated steel guard and lining—for groove in handle.
; PRICES—With Wood Handle, $1.50. With Steel Handle, $2.50 and $3.00.
For sale by dealers everywhere. Orders filled direct where we have no dealer. Write for catalog/No. 18 showing

entire line. Marble’s Camp Axes Nos. 9 and 10

” An absolute necessity in every hunter’sand camper’s outfit. Smallin size, yet capable of serving every purpose of a
full-size axe. The bladesare forged from solid tool steel. The tempered head, designed for driving stakes, spikes, etc.,
will not become battered even under continuous service. The accurately machined eye is fitted perfectly by the handle,

Bm and is constructed to give the greatest amount of bearing surface on the handle, thus eliminating all liability of the head
WF working loose. The nail pullerof No. 10 has tempered jaws. These are features that are exclusive in Marble’s
tool-steel axes. The thoroughly seasoned selected hickory handles offer a very secure grip and allow the axe to
\ Cl be easily inserted or removed from the sheath. See prices under illustrations below.
= \ \\ Wi, f showing entire line of Marble’s Safety and Camp Axes,

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dealer’s name is mentioned. MARBLE ARMS & MFG. co.

GLADSTONE, MICH.
_ 581 Delta Ave.

: - No. 9 Camp Axe
Blade 3% x54 in. Weight % ; = Blade 24 x4% in. Weight
28 oz. Handle 16 or 20 in. Z Z 22 0z. Handle 14 in. Price
Price $1.50. Sheath 50c extra, $1.00. Sheath 50c extra.

reactance greene nes

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HIGHEST VELOCITY RIFLES IN THE WORLD. A new bolt action rifle, Ameri-
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NEWTON ARMS CO., Inc., 506 Mutual Life Building, BUFFALO, N. Y.

Targets and Traps

Canadian Blaokbird Targets.
Ail black, $5.25 per M. White
or Yellow banded targets,
$5.50perM. Will paint them
any other color you want, 50c extra
perthousand. Western Automatic
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NELSON LONG, 441 Mary 8t.
HAMILTON, ONT.

TORONTO - :

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MICHIE & CO., LIMITED, - Established 1835 - 7 KING ST. W. TORONTO

784
it had lost, as the hands then pointed to
half-past three. I was a little sti and sore,

but after finishing what remained in the
bottle, I was still enthusiastic, and being a
true sportsman, resumed my death-dealing
march with unabated vigor. |

Some hours later, while pushing eggs:

forward, I put up three partridges whic
rose almost at my feet with a roar like a sky-
rocket. The encounter was so unexpected
that for a moment I was disconcerted and
dropped my gun. I quickly recovered, how-
ever, and the full significance of the fact that
there were actually three partridges within
a quarter of a mile dawned upos me.
I had to do was to steal up on the unsuspect-
ing birds and with the aid of my trusty
twelve-bore make them mine. It was a
moment to make the eyes of a true sports-
man glisten. My eyes glistened as I cau-
tiously stole in the direction the birds had
taken, but I found them as suspicious as a
guilty conscience. I heard one of them take
to flight upon three separate occasions, but
did not see the bird, and had almost decided
to allow the innocent creature to retain its
life, when all of a sudden it dawned upon
me that I was lost in the woods. Simultane-
ously with this discovery something went
wrong in the lower part of my stomach, and
I was attacked with some form of locomotor
ataxia in the legs, which kept them going
at an incredible rate until I fell from exhaus-
tion, face down, with my legs still going and
my toes kicking holes in the earth. Eventual-
ly these violent symptoms passed, and being
a total stranger to Sy I was soon able to
think coherently, after I had regained my
breath. My gun was gone, likewise my
cartridge case, coat and collar. In mercy to
the reader’s sensitive feelings, I will draw
a veil over a short interval that followed,
during which it occurred to me that the
missing articles might be useful to a man
far from home, lost in a trackless forest.
Having reached this conclusion, I sadly re-
traced my steps, or, more accurately speak-
ing, bounds, passing as I did so within a few
feet of a couple of partridges who sat on a
log and regarded me with thoughtful curiosity.
One after another I picked up the articles
I had laid down in my hurry, and last of all,
after a long search, the gun, which I was
relieved to find as serviceable as ever, after
I had scratched the earth out of the muzzle.
Having, as I say, recovered my belongings,
I sat down on a log with my head in my
hands to think, my body meanwhile being
shaken with convulsive movements which
ment, in a child, have been mistaken for
sobs.

Before I had arrived at any decision I
was brought up standing by the report of a
gun, apparently less than a hundred yards
away, and without a moment’s hesitation
I dashed off in the direction from which the
sound proceeded, to come almost immediately
upon a man with a gun in his hand, who
Was turning round and round excitedly,
like a fly with a pin in its tail. I am always
cordial with strangers and was overjoyed
to meet him. He fully reciprocated my
sentiments, and for a moment I feared that
he would fall upon my neck and weep. He

TELE ee ee

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

showed no inclination to move. I then
intimated that he had better lead the way
as he was doubtless more familiar with the +:
country than I was, and knew all the short i)
cuts. .

He said that he would be most happy
to do so, but that unfortunately he had lost
his way and would have to depend upon :
me for guidance. This necessitated a simi-
lar confession on my part, and we stood ag
disconsolate, gazing he one another like Bie!
the “babes in the wood.”

As it was no use standing still we moved
forward, my new acquaintance Miss pra the
lead to me, saying in what he evidently in-
tended as a jocular vein, that people with
no sense were supposed to retain a modicum
of instinct and that it was just possible I
might take the right direction. e trudged
on for some time in very low spirits, when
suddenly my companion stopped and dis-
charged his gun. When I questioned him as.
to his motive he answered that he thought
he had heard a distant sound. We listened
intently, and to our mutual delight, we were
almost instantly rewarded by hearing a heavy
body crashing through the underbrush. At
first I was afraid it might be a cow, but it
prove to be a man, who had taken to the

ush with the same object as ourselves.

He was very friendly, and greeted us like
long-lost brothers, which in a sense we were.

We discussed the matter of sport and he
told us how he had nearly shot a abies.
earlier in the day, but that the bird had
flown before he had had time to fire, and
I told him how I nearly killed five.

He then expressed himself as anxious to:
return to the village, as darkness was ap-
proaching.

We courteously agreed to go with him,
but he hesitated about starting and finally
said, when we showed no disposition to move,
that unfortunately he did not know exactly
what direction to take and would consequent-
ly be obliged to follow our lead. This was
too much and it looked as if I was destined
to wander forever in a lonely wood, like a
lost spirit in ““Dante’s Inferno,” collecting
helpless idiots who did not know enough
to go home. The woods seemed full of
them, and a could not be fired without
bringing one or more at full speed. I was
utterly disgusted and resumed the course
I had been following, with a feeling of re-
sentment towards the almost criminal stupid-
ity of my fellow sportsmen. Being naturally
kind and considerate, however, I soon dis-
missed all uncharitable sentiments and spoke
kindly to the poor creatures whom I had
taken under my protection, My efforts to
sustain their drooping courage had not to be
long sustained, fortunately, as, soon after
the third member had been added to our party

f

Se Ee Ne a Ge ee

NN aN Par, eae

IN |
Mahl i Ms . 7
ays hs P : ths aN
eer

uy

'
REE cae

=| REAL SPORT
: For The a
| _REAL SPORTSMAN =
Northern Ontario :

and

Northern Quebec

Now made more accessible

by the new line of the

<=

CANADIAN GOVERNMENT RYS.

Sy eek Se aaa ale ae
a
=

From Quebec to Winnipeg

MOOSE, CARIBOU, DEER, SALMON,
BASS, TROUT |

Write?forypublications about the new territory ‘and the’ older

j established?grounds in Quebec, New Brunswick,’ Nova Scotia,
zn * Newfoundland, to:

‘f H. H. MELANSON, General Passenger Agent,

By Moncton, N.B.

ie

is)

HHHIOOALLUUNNNSDUUREQGGOQEQQE0NEGOUUUOOGSQOUEAQOQOQOONOQGQE000OOUUCSUOOGGEESOGEEQN¢¢EOTUUUOOOGEROSECOROALETHT

786

of lost souls, we came to a stump fence, bor-
a road from which the village was

dering ( i

plainly visible. We exchanged happy fare-
wells, hoping never to meet again, and went
our several ways; my game bag was merely

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

an ornament; I was hungry and dispirited
and long before reaching town I had decided
that shooting partridges at any time within
a radius of thirty miles of Pembroke was
immoral.

(1) View Near Lake
Louise.

(2) Aninteresting Bit
of Rock-Work.

(3) Panoramic View

of Lake Louise
and its Chateaus.

(4) Lake Oeasa and

LL aboard!’ and we disengaged our

hands to swing on to the moving steps

and waved hats and handkerchiefs to
our friends as our west-bound train slowly
pulled out of the station at Calgary, that
wide-awake, progressive, western city, which
pulsates with the life of representatives from
almost all nations of the globe.

We were a happy party of holidayers with
two glorious care-free months ahead of us,
which we had decided to spend at the most
interesting points along that section of the
Canadian Pacific Railway, which lies be-
tween Calgary and Victoria.

As the train sped along following the river-
valley of the Bow, one could see the undulat-
Ing prairie well occupied with prosperous
ranchers until the town of Cochrane was
reached, which is the beginning of the real
foot-hills and pressed on to the eastern gate-
way of the Rockies—Banff.

Even since the Canadian Pacific Railway
rails were laid in the early eighties, Banff

Mt. Hungabee.

has been the rendezvous for people from
almost every corner of the civilized globe.
Here a tourist may meet an Australian poli-
tician, an English lord, an American magnate
or a Russian Prince. The National Park,
of which Banff is the hub, is the largest in
the world and no part of the Canadian Rockies
exhibits a greater variety of wonderful and
sublime scenery and because of the many
good roads and bridle paths, nowhere are
features of special interest so accessible.
The magnificent Banff Springs Hotel be-
longing to the Canadian Pacific Railway
Company is situated about a mile south of
the Station on an eminence between the
Spray river and the beautiful Bow river falls.
This hotel has every luxury and convenience
and is most favorably placed for health,
picturesque views and as a céntre for the
many sports indulged in—canoeing, boating,
mountain-climbing, driving, riding, and golf-
ing. Some of the most courageous of our
party started from the town one night at

TTA e RaW aboe lly svn

CHATEAU F

NTENAC

td

SKI-ING TO HAPPINESS —
j It is easily done—Amorg the innumerable snow-covered hills in and around
5, quaint old Quebec. There is nothing like the rush through the crisp winter
>: and the tense excitement. of the jump and the delightful relaxation as the

blood tingles merrily through your veins. Then you can go tobogganing, on Duf-
ferin Terrace, Snowshoeing, Sleighing and Bob-sleighing, and come home to
the so id comfort of a fine Hotel. The Chateau Frontenac is the centre of the
gay social life of old Quebec.
For booklet and information, apply to any Canadian Pacific Railway Agent, or Manager,
Chateau Frontenac, Quebec.

F.L. HUTCHISON

Manager in Chief
of Hotels.

Canadian Pacific Ry.
MONTREAL, QUEBEC

The

| WINTER TOURS TO ;
CALIFORNIA |

and all Pacific Coast Points. |

i 3 ~ FLORIDA, TEXAS, NEW ORLEANS, ETC.

Winter Tours Tickets now on sale. Stop over privilege allowed. ;
Apply to any Agent of the Company for particulars. ; a

4 G.7T. BELL, W. S. COOKSON, |

ae Passenger Traffic Manager, General Passenger Agent 5

Pits. | ? Atouteal. Montreal. :

‘788

midnight, and by “The light of the Silvery
Moon” climbed to the observatory at the
top of Sulphur mountain, a height of 8,030
feet. From here they saw the sun peep out
from behind the innumerable dark peaks
to the East and touch summit after summit
with gold and leave for a time the valleys
“bathed in gloom.” Far below, Lake Minne-
wanka could be seen for a short time dark
and cold, then suddenly shining like silver;
and the morning express like a tiny serpent
crept slowly into the station. ;

For the lover of nature in her primaeval
fastnesses and for the mountaineer, the Can-
adian Rockies, Selkirk and Cascade ranges
are realms of untold delight in which may
take place most wonderful and unique ex-
periences. To climb the last ledge and
come out upon the very peak of things ten
thousand feet in the air; to see a wilderness
of snow-clad peaks around you; myriads of
lakes ranging in color from the deepest blue
to palest green beneath you; to scramble
down rocks again; to glissade down glaciers;
to be cheered into camp as the first party re-
turning; and, last, to be welcomed as an
active member of the Canadian Alpine Club
is surely an experience worth having!

Upon reaching the Lake Louise Chateau,
a distance of two and a half miles from Laggan
station, one almost thinks that some good
fairy has transported him to fairyland.
Through the windows can be seen as in a
framed picture, an immense crescent-shaped
river of ice, called Victoria Glacier, in front
of which is the shining blue water of Lake
Louise and, immediately in the foreground,
the beautiful grounds of the Chateau. From
here there is a bridle-path to Mirror Lake
and a still further ascent to Lake Agnes.
Both these lakes are above the clouds, nestling
in the mountains like children in their mo-
thers’ arms. Between Laggan and Field one
sees a wonderful bit of mountain engineering.
The track forms the figure eight in a tunnel
and reduces the grade from 4.5 to 2.2, with
an approximate cost of work of $1,500,000

There were innumerable interesting spots
as we went along, but we could not tarry at
all of them. At Yale we had the privilege of
seeing Ned Stroudt, the only one living of
the first twenty white men, other than Hud-

ROD AND GUN IN CAN

son’s Bay factors, who crdssed the mountains
fifty-five years ago—the rest having been >

a faite A eT Pa
: ig ety)

DA

killed shortly afterwards by Indians.

For many miles after = the great
divide, the Canadian Pacific Railway follows
the river valley of the Columbia, which at
first reminds one of the small rollicking boy
happy with his hoop, as he dashes down the
village street; then of the stalwart man whose
strength conquers all difficulties, and as the
river widens and flows along in all its ma-
jesty, of the stately, old man, satisfied that

e has worked out life’s problems well. This
river and its immediate environment abound
in scenic splendor. The snow-crowned em-
inences of the Rockies and Cascade ranges
with their rivulets and glaciers, lake¥ as clear
as crystal and swift-flowing mountain streams
abounding in gamey trout and other fish, the
dense forests and fastnesses wherein roam
the larger game, all fascinates and invites
the sportsman and mountain lover and are
within easy reach of a metropolitan city.
Along its banks can be seen magnificent
cataracts; cliffs, which tower from dizzy
heights and are clad with verdure from base

to summit; deep and shady canyons and —

gorges. Here it is smooth and unrufiled
with no perceptible motion. A little farther
along and it is still waging conflict to the
barriers to its uninterrupted flow. It rushes
to the partly submerged rocks to be dashed
away in foam. It is ceaseless in its attack,
unrelenting in its endeavors and irresistible
to the last.

Seventy miles east from Vancouver, on
the main line of the Canadian Pacific Rail-
way, and picturesquely situated at the foot of
the beautiful Harrison Lake, a delightful
drive of four or five miles from the station of
Agassiz, are the famous Harrison Hot Springs.
Since the “‘early days” of British Columbia,
this resort has been the meeca for both health
and pleasure seekers—the efficacy of the
waters proving a boon to many who are
troubled with rheumatism. There are many
beautiful walks overhung with giant cedar
and fir trees and bordered with ferns and
flowers; mountains whose rugged paths in-
vite the amateur mountain climber, good
fishing and hunting in season, and boating
unsurpassed anywhere.—E. S.

THE SELECTION OF A CAMP MATE

After you have recovered from the case
of brain fever induced by trying to decide
which rifle is best, you reach the problem
of selecting your camp mates.

If there is anything that will put the kibosh
on an otherwise perfect!y good hunting trip
quicker than a grouchy, always-complaining
fellow hunter, I don’t know what it is.

The worst of it is that you can’t tell how
aman is going to act in the woods by the
way he walks down the avenue or the num-
ber of good jokes he can tell. ,

Always bear in mind that the kind of man
you want is the one who can smile when it

starts to rain, who can eat sour flap-jacks
without murdering the cook, and who doesn’t
go into a blue funk if he fails’ to connect with
a deer the first day.

There really isn’t any formula by which
you can tell to a certainty whether Bill Jones,
for instance, will be game, but as a general
thing the man who doesn’t let little troubles
worry him, probably won’t let the big ones
get his goat.

Picking a partner is like matrimony, some-

what of a chance any way you and Hunting er

Helps.

nr

according to his —
own ideas of what
a shirt should be

The materials
—flannels, serges, —
tweeds and drills —
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Shirts, to our own specifications. We guar-
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as well as materials.

Deacon Shirts are roomy, yet they fit a8
trimly. The “Big Deacon” takes care of the — + a
extra big men. Collars are in all the favorite __
styles. One or two pockets as you wish. All
seams turned, felled and double stitched.
Buttons put on to stay. Everything right for
comfort and service. Sold at popu prices.

Ask your dealer for the “Deacon.” mee

Chiase & ae tens
Coffees have been
dependable for «.
tuore than fifty

| Nears

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In %, land 2 pound cans.
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. mT ss ee 7 ' is OR ee he A, ‘
ry ' CATT (GARR fei Py eR, mriaye yy
y , PO Ey TAPS aM aa ee are
* eed. it ¥ 7 te a om ht as Ky
aS) Vieneee tt Wig EA
A CAMP YARN) @
Edward Booth ea
ANY years ago, when Ottawa was a_ ten-gauge, and the chum having unearthed
M much smaller and less important place in an old granary a package of brass cartridges, _
¢ than now, there lived in a country loaded with big lead bullets—intended doubt-
village many miles out, a small boy. There less for more noble game than partridge, our — if
is of course nothing unusualin that, sincemany boy evolved an idea which, in its ma nitude — a
boys have lived in country villages more or and brilliancy, fairly made his head whirl,
less remote ever since the days when the Red- This was nothing less than the creation of a
skins finally decided it was healthiest to per- miniature cannon out of one of the brass cart-~ __
mit the villages to exist unmolested. ridge cases. , : : time
The most important thing in the composi- Accordingly, in proper time the cartridges.
; tion of our small boy, for our purpose, was were stealthily and carefully removed from
a an early-established determination to make _ the old granary to a safe place on “the rocks”,
3 the innermost nature secrets of the surround- and _ presently a piece of wood was fashioned

Baers and streams his own. Grown-up

folk do that sort of thing nowadays—at least
they pretend they do—for their health, they
say; but really for the support of the “‘guide”’
who trails parties of rank outsiders—‘‘tender-
foots’—through the “‘trackless wilderness’
as the novelist puts it, the racial stolidity of
the poor redman sadly put to it to preserve
a becoming degree of respectful interest; the
wild creature fleeing in dismay at the subtle
manoeuvres of modern man on scientific
destruction bent, or hieing them away in
mirth at his bungling progress through their
home wilds.

At any rate, our boy decided to KNOW
things, and since no teacher was available, he
and a chum equally uninformed, set about

_ finding out on their own account. Many were
the stolen trips into the woods, back to “‘the
rocks”, up the “‘cricks’’; loud the denunication
of parents for tasks uncompleted and duties
neglected; the while the boys were engaged
in the most absorbing of studies—wresting
from the secretive wilds material for those
nature yarns, which, from the pen of the
accomplished story-teller, bring delight to the
heart of the present-day city dweller, who
would not recognize a ground-hog if he saw
one.

Our boy, being a real boy, was filled with
the lust to possess, dead or alive, some of the
creatures he met in his excursions into their

* domain, and early racked his brain for a means
to effect their capture. To shoot a partridge
“1 became the fixed intention, the ultimate goal
. of his existence. But with what? The guns
of the neighborhood were of course out of
reach. Even had they been at his disposal,
he would have long hesitated as to their use,
having learned by bitter experience that a ten-
gauge shot-gun in the hands of a small boy,
as not one business end, but two; his first
shot, at a partridge, with the gun rested on a
log, had rolled him clear over, leaving him
with a profound conviction that something
terrible had happened his right shoulder, a
feeling of deep respect for a shot-gun, and a
devout thankfulness that the : Sepbwenful
had not repaid his temerity with loss of life
itself—the partridge meanwhile departed in
safety, not to say peace, so far as that shoot-
ing combination was concerned, to live long
in the land.
; But youthful ambition had been only
" damped, not extinguished, by the kick of the

iy

ae Ae Pk ke eee

790

to the required shape and a brass shell wired —
tightly to it, the bullet and powder, but not
the cap, having been removed. It remained —
only to file a “touch-hole” at the upper back ©
part of the shell, and the boys were in proud ©
possession of a weapon whose possibilities for
wide-spread destruction they only dimly ©
guessed. All being ready, the gun, now load-
ed with powder taken from other shells, and a —
bullet pushed in a bit, was carried along until _
a partridge was sighted. Then, in suppressed
excitement, a hurried aim was taken, some ;
articles of loose powder placed on the touch-
fale: a lighted match applied, and while the
boys fell over themselves and each other in
their mad rush for safety, an astonishing roar _
filled the woods, the cannon leaping backward ~
and the-bullet flying off to parts unknown
while the bird who had once more departed
discreetly during the excitement of getting —
ready for hostilities, doubtless ruffled her —
feathers comfortably and reflected, as part- —
ridges do, upon the dangers and vicissitudes
of life in this hard world. The first failure
did not condemn the cannon, however. Fur-
ther experiments were carried on, and it was ©
not until our boy had lost his eye-lashes and
eye-brows, not to mention his front hair— —
which had a habit of sticking out anyhow—
and his eye-sight, temporarily, and his chum
had had the end of a finger blown off, that ©
parents found and demolished the cannon and ~
the whole scheme was declared “bad medi-
cine.” j
As years passed and civilization reached
more effectively the growing village, the boy
came to possess a .22 calibre rifle of his very — “a
own, and revelled to his heart’s content in f Ray: ae
use, creating consternation in the councils of
the surrounding furred and feathered folk, and)
taking to himself, in the acquirement of good
markmanship, those qualities of steal Vi +
hand, of controlled and purposeful brain, —
which, acquired in boyhood, reach away into —
the years to come, lending their helpful, —
steadying influence in situations far removed
from those confronted by boys in general.
Presently our boy reached an age where ~
parental solicitude, by straining a point, con-
sented to a night in the woods. A night in
the woods! Toa real boy, in real woods, wh
situation can equal in intensity the thrills:
come as daylight fades, day sounds die dov
the last long arrows of sunlight glance
wise through the trees, turning to dim g¢

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792

arled, mossed trunks; then darkness draws
owly in and that indefinable, inexpressible,
mysterious Something steals forth silently and
wraps one’s very soul in its intangible, fear-
some folds. He had been working hard to
complete the camp arrangements. The chum
had gone home for some last things required
and had not returned, and the boy suddenl
straightened up from work to find himse
alone in tue woods, with night at hand! How
can pen describe the feeling, half-fear, half-
delight, the imperative suggestion to quiet,
even in speaking? A squirrel rustled in the
leaves, a whip-poor-will called, something
splashed in the still waters of the lake close
at hand, and the boy, wide-eyed, stood en-
tranced, nervous, subdued, silent, drinking in
that which years of work and play, of sunshine
; and shadow, of success and failure have been
powerless to erase, or to equal. So insistent
was the demand for silence, that the boy can-
: not even to this day countenance anyone who
wants to make a noise in the woods at night.
: Many long years ago, that night. The boy
. is a man now, a busy professional worker,
though still a boy in spirit, and with heart in

; ; the wilds. From time to time trips have been
taken far afield, some of the difficult things
b in woodlore have been learned and accomplish-
< ed, camps have been made in some of the

world’s odd corners, but the interest and

influence of the first rifle, and the witchery
A of the first night in the woods, have remained
undimmed through the years. That such a
. man, with soul wrapped up in the life of the
ke world’s open places, should be found living
3 in a modern city, seems a sorry trick of that
fickle jade, Dame Fortune, yet such is the
* way the old world wags. Through it all, the
X out-door qualities, the basis oi physical and
; mental health found by the streams and in the
wild places, have held as anchors to windward
in many tight places when calamity threatened
: where in other circumstances unchecked havoc
? might have resulted.

1 This yarn might end here were it not that
our man, creature of the open, sentenced to
life imprisonment in the jail called Civiliza-
tion, found a way, and a delightful one, out of
his difficulty, which is exactly what any
man of the open would be expected to do when
in difficulties. We shall not enlarge upon
motives, nor explain details. Two years ago
he commenced to take small parties of boys
into the woods to camp, in August, and each
year since the practice has been continued.
As experience has grown, camp equipment has
been gradually drawn together, systems have
been devised, proven methods adopted, until
now the camp runs along each August on
oiled wheels with the maximum of satisfaction
from the minimum of effort.

_All sorts of _boys have been in the camps;
big boys and little, good boys and others, rich
boys and poor, intelligent boys and stupid,
worth-while boys and incorrigibles—so called,
religious boys and others who scarce have
seen inside achurch. They are scattered over
the world now, these boys; some heard the call
of country and went to die in her defence if
need be, some are swallowed up in the com-
mercial life of large cities, some are finishing
courses in the Universities—and wherever

_ they go, as long as the manly hearts beat in

hy

,

Gre a ee

ROD AND GUN IN CANAD

_a Scoutmaster, and his assistants in the run-

ey ys iene:
4 a) 1, 3 )
as oF Reale SOT ORS
i teas ne ahd tag
ee
4 : 0 Ot ~ aoe’ he

Ae

the breasts of these fellows they will think,
many of them, with warm affection and fond
regret, of the boys and the man who were ~
their good pals in those good old camping days
of their boyhood. me, )
To look back upon these camps breeds
sentiment in one, yet the camps themselves
have been in general most practical affairs.
They have been conducted not merely as
pleasure jaunts, but with serious purpose, for
the real values in health, recreation, education ~
of a sort, that one might get out of them.
The practical result, in case after case, has
been development of character, through even
brief self-dependent living, under close super-
vision in the atmosphere of natural common-
sense that has prevaded the camps. There is
a moral value to a boy in being placed upon
his own resources, in being compelled to do
everyday me for himself; to cook his own
meals, make his own bed, mend his own
clothes. There is a certain type of boy who
reaps untold benefit from just living intimately
with half a dozen other fellows who respect —
his aren and no more, and whose rights heis
bound torespect. There are sickly boys, who
need a month away from home, that friendly
discipline may put them where over-indulgent
parental care nevercan. There are boys, God
bless them, who need a man friend in whom
they can confide, fellows who need to feel a
stronger personality behind to back them up,
someone with whom they can talk at ease on
the most personal subjects—and sad to say, ....
these boys seldom choose the right men for
fathers. Boys hard to get on with, for lack |
of self-discipline; boys who are selfish; dis-
agreeable boys; helpless boys. these “
types have been in our man’s camps year by
year, yet each August the parties have broken
up amid unanimous expressions of heart-felt —
regret at leaving, and with fond hopes reaching
a year ahead, each boy brought by the magic
of personality, through understanding and-
for-bearing comradeship, to his proper level
as an agreeable, harmonious working member
of his party.

The camp party is never a large one. The
small group permits the close personal as-
sociation which is the outstanding feature in
the success of this yearly outing. The party
is absolutely self-contained—visitors are not
sought or encouraged, the idea being to es-
tablish complete self-reliance on the part of
everyone concerned, for the full term of the
camp. ;

The general plan of conduct, both in camp
management and in dealing with the boys,
runs closely parallel with the ideals of the Boy
Scout Movement. Our man’s first acquaint-
ance with the Movement convinced him that
it represented many things he wantedandhad —
sought, and which he < agerly seized upon for
use in his own work among boys. He became

=
> sates

ning of his yearly camps, are Boy Scoutsfrom
his own Troop—one of the crack orgamiza-
tions of Ottawa Scoutdom: fellows trained by _—
himself, who exhibit in remarkable degree the
personal qualities sought through the Scou
training; real thoroughbreds among bo
The example and assistance of these boys
enabled our man to do things, to secure
ts y t

pa A senate

Elotel Griswold

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sults in boy-handling, which at times beggar

magic, alluring surroundings of real camp life,
our man

w

yIGHT, with her attendant twilight,
invests the marshlands with something
more than their ordinary charm. She
lends them an air of mystery and develops
in them beauties which are not visible in
the glare of day. It may be the mystery of
silence, it is something which can be more
readily felt than described. Day’s harsher
lines are softened; her cruder_ colors sub-
_ dued and refined. In the\concealment of
dusk in those absences of tangible form
lies just that quality needed to arouse the
__ imagination to wide flights; while the gentle
revealings of the half-light, those slight
evidences of the real world, serve as guides
to check any tendency towards the fan-
-_tastic, and yet to lead our thoughts into
_ the realm of pure romance. Out of the
tears the mind constructs pictures of pure
auty, which, if they are in fact not really
there, she feels ought to be there; and feel-
ing they ought to be there, she constructs
them for herself. And so she_ soothes
herself with the loveliness of her dusk-born
imaginings.
___ And how easy it is to find or imagine beauty
in places so little man-touched as the wilder
marshes. Here, amidst the newly discover-
ed Jungle, beauty abounds. And this beauty
is of the kind that gains everything from
_ the softening touch of nightfall. It is during
_ and after the height of summer that we turn
with greatest longings to the nights. We
begin to tire of the glare of long days. The
flaunting glories of leaf and flower become
_ Oppressive in their monotony. Just as we
_ feel relief in those two seasons of change,
spring and summer, so for the same reasons
we find relief in the cool night.
_ To the house-dwelling man night is merely
a time of repose. Then his interest in the
outside world almost vanishes. He finds
the gloom dismal, and turns on the light
_ to drive it out. On the marshes it is differ-
ent. Even the _ house-dweller, should he
perchance take his holiday in the neighbour-
hood of lake or river, finds it different. As
the life of the daytime ebbs and sinks away,
another and quite different life awakens,
and he finds the night as thickly peopled
as the day. As the sun sinks lower and
lower, and the afternoon draws to a close,
_ the life on the marshes, which tends to flag
_ during the heat of mid-day, gains for a time
id .

> eee ee Oe

yd

.

.

rs |

s

A SUMMER’S NIGHT ON THE
MARSHES

B. C. Tillett

NG ,
dosnt e ab
their ap — See. LLC rah om Pa rc
and to be of the most lastin

sirable character. i J Pe.

In the camp. there is jus! one interest in-
evidence plies noon and night, the in-—
terest of the BOY. ee

<n

a new vigor. All the stillness and quiet
are changed into hurry and movement.
Small flocks of linnets and finches fly hither
and thither, chirping and chattering. Reed
buntings appear above the thicker vegeta-
tion and whistle sorrowfully. The swallows
came down from their high places in the
upper air, and skim over the water. The
wood pigeons coo in the alder clumps or
fly lazily towards them. Wrens burst into
song. The reed warblers creep and flit
along the sides of the reed beds.

The sun is rapidly sinking. Long shadows
stretch across the water. Distant features
begin to take on those appearances which
betoken the approach of night. Far away
the rapidly sinking sun throws its last rays
upon a distant window reflecting a blaze
of light. The woods so lately bright with
sunshine grow sombre and gloomy. Dis-
tances grow hazy, and soft clouds take on
a bright glow as the sun sinks out of sight.

A. little fawn-colored dove coos softly
from a willow nearby, in a low, bubbling,
musical croaking note. Other doves make
answering calls. Herons come lazily flap-
ping across the marsh, their great arched
wings moving in slow stately time. The
ducks grow restless and quack and begin
to fly from pool to pool. A snipe darts up
with wild cries. The last of the butterflies
flutters to the ground and folds its wings tor
the night. A bat appears twisting and
turning in its weird flight.
_ Night is not that silent nothingness that
is sometimes pictured. The earlier sum-
mer nights are enlivened by the songs of
various birds. There is never any actual
silence on the marshes. Owls hoot or scream.
A curlew passing overhead utters its shrill
cry. Waterfowl babble in the reed beds,
rats splash in the water, and all around, far
and near, are sounds unaccountable and
weird. :

Deeper and deeper still grows the gloom.
Only a few swallows can now be discerned
skimming the marsh and stream for flies.
The martins twitter away in groups to roost
on some highlands. Plovers wail mourn-
fully and the faint forms of birds straggling
in to roosting places may sometimes be seen. —
Moths dash past and are gone. The tiny
voice of the wind comes stealing and creep

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_ ing stand for the early morning flight. You

“796 nee AND Gl
2 ma
ing through the reeds in a whisper, causing —
them to tremble.
The midnight hour has passed and slowly
on some distant steeple one o'clock strikes
on the stillness. The first faint signs of
returning day begin to taintly show them-
selves. There is a slight change in the color
of the sky. A cock crows and is answered ~
by another. The day is breaking. A bird
twitters. The stars which were bright an
hour ago are fading. Gradually the light
grows. Distant objects which were invisible,

> pryy
. . FAV -

ra

DUCK SH

Geo. Harper

toba came in on Sept. 10. A number

went out from Carman to the ponds in
the neighboring district, and a few birds
were shot, but the good old days of big duck
bags in Dufferin went out with the draining
of the Boyne marsh. To-day the marshes
surrounding Lake Manitoba are the Mecca
of duck hunters. This season the ducks
were very plentiful there, and large bags
were secured. A large portion of the best
shooting grounds surrounding the lake have
been leased by Winnipeg and Portage sports-
men, who have built shooting lodges on the
borders of the marsh, where they have con-
venient quarters close to the birds. A great
number of shooters were out there on a re-
cent Friday, and the ducks were heavily bom-
barded. Many good bags were reported,
many shooters getting the limit. Mr. E. J.
Butcher and the writer were guests at the
shooting lodge of Mr. E. W. Marlatt, and
sag guns secured a bag of 56 ducks for the

ay.

Shooting in the big Manitoba marshes is
strenuous sport, and apt to play pranks with
the hunter who has reached the slippers and
fireside stage in life. Autos are now generally
used to convey hunters to the marsh, and if
you manage to get through the swampy land
on the last leg of the journey without being
_ ditched consider yourself lucky, remembering

_ always that yours was the only car that could
have pulled through. Arriving at your des-

_ tination you find that the oldest sport in
the party—the Boss—is there ahead of you
_ and_has everything comfy. Soon the bacon

is sputtering in the’pan and the coffee singing
-in the can, and you sit down to a meal that
_ takes the chill out of your marrow and fills
the cavity in your interior. Pipes are filled
- and peace predominates, when suddenly the
_ Boss rises to remark that it’s time to hit the
hay if you fellows expect to get a good'shoot-

Tio season for shooting ducks in Mani-

36a

ave ee '

again rh rl

to life; e is a fee Db gu
bosom of an immense sea whose bound:
are infinitely remote. A heron flies a

_ the day advances, bein

with a scream. The ducks begin to lea’
their feeding places. The sun is about
rise. The first breath of the morning breeze —
sends the dew drops on the reeds be pe

into the water, and so, peacefully and wi "
silent steps, comes the day, and on every ©
side is a welcoming chorus of birds as they —
burst into rapturous Sane

OOTING

climb into your bunk, on this demand, the
Boss remaining up last to arrange the morn-
ing’s fire wood and fix the buzzeron the alarm __
clock. And so to bed, as Pepys puts it, but
not to sleep; for strange surroundings, antici-
pation of great sport, and the sonorous snor
of the snorer next you gets your sleeping goat.
And, remember that it is always the fellow’
who tries to put it on to you in the morning
who can go deepest down the snoring scale
and carries the finest snoring vocabulary.
Along about what appears to be midnight you
hear the Boss stirring. He lights the fire, and
while the kettle is warming up, takes down
his little $200 Greener and meanders out to a
slough, and presently returns with a mallard.
By this time the other sports have shaken
themselves into their duds, breakfast is
hastily devoured; canoes, guns, ammunition
and decoys carried down to the inlet in the
marsh, and you're off. But you’re not goin
very fast, for there is only about six inches o
water with a sticky mud bottom in the first
mile of your course. Using your paddle as a
spate you shovel your way out. Meanwhile
the bombardment has started and the marsh
resounds with the clatter of many guns, while
startled ducks wing in every direction. You
finally reach your stands, set out decoys, and
begin to burn powder. The birds come by
singly, in pairs, and in bunches of six to a
dozen, and it’s easier to hit the single bird than
one from a flock. The birds comprise mal-
lards, pintails, spoonbills, redheads and teal.
Later in the season bluebills will come down
from the north and swarm over the marshes
as long as there is open water. The teal are ~
smali fast flyers, hard to hit and easy to miss.
About 11 a.m. the flight ceases, ducks are
gathered and you paddle back to the lodge,
where the Boss soon has a good layout on the
table. After about two hours’ rest you re-
turn to your stands. The flight increases as
g greatest as the'shades —
of evening deepen. , OMe

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225 :
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pa ay IMM MMMM cll

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MUSKRAT

Win
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a

SPEARING

EXPERIENCES OF LONG AGO
Leo Pankratz

T was a beautiful day in November.
Jack Frost had done his duty well the
night before. and as every true hunter
and trapper knows, when a nice layer of clear
ice forms on the grass bordered sloughs,
creeks and rivers, it naturally makes one’s
blood tingle to think of the. good time which
awaits the trapper.

On such a day the writer gathered up his
old and true muskrat spear which of course
needed a little sharpening at the point, as
it was somewhat dull from the previous year’s
use, and with this and a muskrat hook such
as it is necessary to have when drawing out
a live speared muskrat along the spear, a
small light weight hunting axe, carried in my
belt, and plenty of lunch, I started out look-
ing like a sure enough game hunter.

The day was bright and clear. Large
flocks of blackbirds ooking like miniature
crows were singing merrily as though to say:

“Well, here he comes again, wit h his mighty

spear, as he has before and will again next
year.”
I was headed towards my old frequented
deep, grassy slough, or better, lake, which I
considered to be the one best place for rats.
I was, indeed, the only trapper living within
a radius of twelve miles of the place.

The country through which I was travelling
was a quite thicklv settled farming district
and I could hear the rap tap tap as steadily
and clearly as the click of a clock, the sound
being that of the ears of corn husked by the
farmers as it was being dashed against the
big high throw boards, which goes to prove
that the day was an exceptionally still and
clear one. Not a bit of breeze was blowing
to stir the stillness of the autumn air. It
was indeed an ideal day for spearing muskrats.

Upon nearing the place where I expected
to get the rats I espied a large flock of black-
birds seemingly singing their farewell song.
As I drew near the small grove of willows
and box alders upon which they perched,
I drew out my .32 caliber revolver from my
holster and fired six successive shots into the
fleeing flock with the result that I picked
up six dead birds and three cripples. -Of
course the birds had been very thickly bunch-
ed together.

Having reached the ice-covered body of
water referred to I immediately proceeded
to “try her out” and to my astonishment
found the ice to be insufficiently thick to
hold me, having broken through at the shore
at almost my first step. I am only a man

of light weight and the ice does not need to
be as thick to hold me up as it does for most
men. I decided I would walk up the lake
a bit where there were less weeds and where
doubtless Jack Frost, on that account, had
been able to do a better job. I found farther
on a place where the weeds were not so thick
and where almost clear ice was visible. I
also found that here the ice was about one
and a half inches deep which is a depth suffi-
ciently strong to bear the weight of an ordin-
ary man and allow him to do good work.

I wore rubber boots that day, rubber on
the foot that is to say, with the rest of leather.
The shoes were waterproof so that when a
man broke through the ice over his ankles
if he were quick enough to draw his leg from
the hole in time his feet need not get wet.
One good wetting will often spoil a man’s
pleasure for the day.

As I was walking along the ice-covered lake
I did so with a deep sense of satisfaction.
I was out in the open fresh air, of which I
was breathing deeply as I went along. It
would be a good thing it more men realized
the endless pleasure of Nature’s gifts and
instead of spending their time in saloons
and billiard halls would spend it in the great
out of doors.

Meanwhile I was walking along on my
rubber heeled shoes being exceedingly care-
ful not to make a break in the ice. I ap-
proached the first rat house which was an
extra large one and instead of thrusting the
spear into one of the various rooms or apart-
ments I gave it only a gentle tap as I knew
since it was a house of extra large size I could
never hit a rat and should one be s
the gnawings of the captive could not be
heard through such a deep thickness of grass
and cat-tails. The gentle tap brought out
from the house’s interior three rats and as
the ice was very clear all over I took aim
at the largest and plumpest of the three and
struck, with the result that I hit him are
through the head. I aimed for the head
on purpose that I might not damage the fur
to so great an extent. This cannot be done
later on when rats become shy and you ma

‘be glad then if you can hit them throug

the back. As to my luck with this first
house of the season immediately after this —

first large rat was speared I drew another ©

spear of smaller size from the socket of
heavy belt. This spear was smaller
around and of thin gauge steel. It
three and a half feet long. With this li

ct

Rash Wie. St SES mete , be recht aro ae he ‘| ’ , Ay oe
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This book contains 277 pages, size 5x7 inches, is printed on good
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800

side spear I speared another of the three
rats on the “standstill.” Great havoc was
being wrought in the home that had been
so carefully put up in the late fall months
before the ice had formed upon the surface
of the water. :
Should I proceed to chop out the first one
speared I would not have got the second one.
I led out the rats about twenty steps, that is,
I let them swim that distance away from
the house so that I might not disturb the
rest of the rats that might yet remain in the
house. Often from five to nine individuals
are to be found in one family in a house of
such large size as the one I was working on,
and if those who remain are prevented from
hearing the noise made when chopping the
hole in the ice from which the rats first spear-
ed are drawn, the former may be secured also.
Both rats were drawn out from the ice

in due time and soon all struggling ceased, .

the rats being put out of their misery by a
sharp blow from the handle of my axe. The
dead bodies were then placed in my so-called
blood proof hunting coat but it was not
long before my underclothes were stained
with the red fluid. The reason I did not
skin these animals as soon as they were dead
was because no fur producing animal, no
matter what the species, will show a prime
pelt if skinned immediately after death.
When the animal is skinned immediately
after death the numerous little blood vessels

shoot full of blood and remain on the flesh .

side of the skin being red in color, until the
skin dries when the blood turns blue or rather
blackish in color and the skin is in all likeli-
hood graded as unprime. What I have
stated above regarding the direct and first
attention to the pelts may prove of real
value if followed out, not only to the be-
ginner but to those who have had some
experience as well.

Those who know that rats should be left
to cool a while before skinning will, I am
sure, forgive this digression.

To resume: the two blood covered rats
which had stained my nice new hunting coat
and a portion of my trousers and shirt, were
dumped into the interior to be left to cool,

sera’ ty ot
~

ROD AND GUN IN CANA

er

size
- .

inch in front of his nose. This made him
swim faster than ever and as I did not be-
lieve in allowing him to go free I aimed for
his largest target, his back, and struck this
time hitting him squarely through the neck. ae
This meant three rats to my credit from the bets
first and supposedly largest house on the

small lake. “ie
The next house I came to was only a small
one and as before I appreached cautiously,
making little noise with my rubber shoes. %
I jammed the large spear down with a sudden
jerk and to my surprise found two had left
the house. Quickly drawing my small spear

from its socket I speared one of the swimming
rats through the neck. Coming back an
investigation of the large spear still in the
house showed that no further rat had been
speared, apparently it had not entered into
any living apartment. This house theref

ore. +e
had brought me only onerat but I hoped for
better luck at the next one. cree
Upon nearing the next house, a medium
sized one, I caught sight of a dark looking
object under the ice and at the same time a
bubbling ice crushing sound came to my ears.
I looked around me and there not four feet
from me was an open space, the ice in places
being not at all visible while in other places —

with an extra large rat swimming to and fro

straight ror his lungs where it did most _
good. With the-aid of 5 4 f Gtr
rat out upon the ice. large fine furred
specimen it was. a. toyed
Turning around I noticed that the ice was
very thin owing to the dense bulrushes which
did not allow the ice to freeze sufficiently
thick to bear up a man’s weight and I knew ©
that should I attempt to cross it I would ~—

and having regained my former position surely break through. The water here was
I proceeded again to head for the old rat deep and muddy and possibly six feet thick.
ouse.

Were I to break through the dead weight of _
the ice would serve to keep me down and I

Upon approaching it I gave it a good hard andl
should in all probability end by furnishing

blow and a knock which should surely have :
been loud enough to frighten the occupants a meal to the fishes. es

(TO BE CONTINUED)

The young son of Pat Conners, who lives
near the mouth of the Rainy River was
followed by six wolves while he was driving
the cows home. They kept right at his
heels and he was compelled to use a big
stick to keep them off. His dog killed one
of the animals and enabled him to reach
home in safety. Later he caught another
in a trap.

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TRADE MARK

SUGGESTIONS FOR TRAPPING
FUR BEARERS |

Hubert Hutton

HE following methods and suggestions

for the trapping and preparing for

market the pelts of the principal fur-
bearing animals of North America are not
intended as an exhaustive treatise of the
trapper’s art, but are made as brief as pos-
sible for the convenience of the reader.

As conditions vary greatly in different
sections the trapper must at all times use his
best judgment, but whether you are a be-
ginner or a regular tra per. if you wiil read
this article carefully, elieve you will get
information that will be of considerable value
to you and help you to increase your catch
of furs. If the = aes herein made are
carried out you will increase the value of your
pelts and get more money for them on the
market. ,

I have endeavored to put the various sub-
jects in the shortest form possible for your
ready reference. It would be well to clip
these suggestions out of this magazine and
paste up, on the wall, or somewhere, where
you may readily consult them. The trapping
season is now on and had I made a separate
article of each subject, giving detailed at-
tention to each animal to be trapped, the
Magazine would not be able to print it all
during the trapping season and you would be
deprived of its benefits, if there be any, until
along in the summer months, perhaps, too

late to do you any ekg season.

The most experienced trappers recommend
setting Mink traps along small streams.
Small streams are more winding and crooked
and more drift is lodged along the way, af-
fording more hiding places for the animals,
and therefore, they make excellent places for
setting the fe both in and out of the water.
If there is a bluff on one side and a low bank
on the opposite side of the stream, the latter
is recommended as the best place for your
traps. Quantities of muskrat and fish are
signs of good trapping’ range. Wherever
possible, set your trap in water. Select a

lace where the indications for mink are
avorable. Place some logs so as to make a
pamewny and on the far side of the trap dro
alf a dozen drops of some good reliable Min
bait. The bait should be placed so as to
compel the animal to cross the trap in order
to secure the bait. Another method is to
get a medium-sized tile and wedge a stick into
it crosswise. Place your liquid mink bait
on the stick, then put the tile in shallow water,
so that the water Just covers the bottom of it,
placing a trap at either end of the tile.

Still another method is to place the trap
close to the bank, in shallow water, under-
neath some overhanging grass or weeds,
placing a few drops,of some good mink bait
on the weeds or grass just above the trap.

_ Some trappers recommend placing traps just

" inside an old hollow log, or in the hollow of an

b te . Pash ‘
eee Re ee
7 rete
5 ae

old tree that is close to a stream. Use the
liquid bait inside the log or tree so that the
mink will be tempted to go inside and make
an investigation, getting caught as a result ~
of his curiosity.
In extremely cold weather, when streams
are frozen over, find a place where there are
ripples or thin ice where it wilt be possible - ~~
for the mink to come out. There are a great Bahk
number of methods and locations for se oes | oe
the traps, but the trapper’s own individ i Jo
judgment will guide him best as to where and
ow the traps are to be set. Extreme care
should be taken in setting the traps, and this =
should be done with gloved hands, in order
that there may be no human scent on them.
Rub a few drops of some good scent on
the gloves that you intend using, which will
destroy all human odor, but do not put any
bait on your traps, always near by them. —
Try to place your bait so that the animal wee
have to cross the trap to get the bait, but do
not place the bait on the trap itself. If you
can find the den, which is best accomplished
with the aid of one or more good dogs, some ~
reliable smoker may be used with success.
This will drive them out of their den, forcing
them into your traps. ; ae
RACCOON <=
First find where Raccoon are running, or
have made a trail near small lakes, streams,or

en OE

ad 78
- Of:
about eight inches between the two where —-
your trap is set. Place some good bait on
the brush as directly over the trapas possible. __
Another method used by some trappers is
to conceal the trap in a path made by acoon,
covering it with bug dust or loose he ie
Sprinkle your bait scent near the trap and his ~
Ringtailed Majesty will be more than y ri ;
to ag: and investigate and is sure to get
caught. ase
At the mouth of small creeks is usually a
good place for coon traps, or at the bottom of =
old logs that have fallen across a stream on
which a coon might cross. Place some trail —~_
scent on the soles of your shoes and Mr.Coon

will more than likely follow it to the trap and
get caught for his trouble. 3
SKUNK : r
The skunk’s favorite abode is around old ~
hollow logs and old outbuildings. Locate
the place where they will most likely come out,
or where there are some “‘signs’’, dig a bed fa
your trap and place some dry chaff or g
on the bottom of the hole so that your
will not freeze to the ground in real cold 1
ther. Set the trap and spread a light cover
ing over it, so that the ground will look
natural as possible, and near the tra

<5 apie

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4 BOTTLE PRICES Ml arte lS .2....cc:...:..ccc0cccccesteusheeeeyseatesteneal cena 9.00

Dewar’s Special 6.00 BRANDY
Usher’s O.V.G................ G... 2, 6.00 Jauberts *3 Star :.o nee .-. 6,00-

Buchanan's Red Sea . 6.00 Pinet Castillon ‘‘3 Star’’. oa
Whyte & McKay............. (ot 00 Gordon’s Dry.:......:.c..0s:0e oe ee
Me mtieer Ss MAM AaRnock.....<......6.. 5.0.25. .0.c.scetsscsesesnecese 7.00 Burnett’s Dry. ......:...c.00:..ccccossusecesstec suns eateeeeeen 5.00.
Usher’s Special Reserve....................ccccccccsceseseeeee 6.00 Booth’s Old Torn. .......:...:.cscsscsscototsoge ee 6.00
PMMPEN TT SS RS ERGO) O5c8 INSU 2.25.1 <..< 5.0 ecnecunae-cccstecne-cactencceuar 6.00 Coate’s Plymouth.......055.2....3....c eee 6.00
og ET) | AS es aie hu HOLLAND GIN :
Begg’s White Cap Sse 6200 John DeKuyper’s (tS) ouc.::c.....-.0:esccassecseeusteeeuneenee 7.00
Perfection............ 7.00 Old Reliable ‘‘Square Face’’ (qts.)........ccccc0000- 6.00
Black and White.... 7.00 JAMAICA RUM
Usher’s Green Stripe... ee Si 800 Old Pirate ‘‘One Dagger’? ..os.5.ccesscien-cseveedeebenneeae 4.00
PeeESRT EDR CHONG LoAION <.-0o...nccacsctessccasess-sensocdivcoene 7.00 Old Pirate ““Two Dagger"®:......c..ctcu eee 5.00
Dewar’s Special Liquéur....0.0000.... cece ceeceeee cece 7.50 Old Pirate ‘‘ Three Dagger’ ”...................-0ceeeneeeeeee 6.00
Bullock Lade’s Qt. FlasksS......0.........0...:::0c0eeeeseeees 8.00
Dewar’s Extra Special Liqueur ... 8.00
Clan McLeod. " Bto0 CASE—SIX AND THREE BOTTLE PRICES
Sg ol anil =e a ana = Boo Zbottles 6 bottlee Case
Wriskt rs Greig’s Fempler -ecroee Quarts a Gooderham & Worts 3.25 5.00
onald Campbell ‘* OES 4 (ae eS ae eee eres i .
Mitchell's ‘Heather Dew”... 8.00 Gooner han Sore
Jameson’s Three Star...... 7.00 (Special) 3.50 6.00
sata ebree aeeawe: ue Walkers (Old Rye) . 4.50
urke’s Quart Flasks....... : ‘

Maurice Farrell’s ‘‘Blackthorn”’ Quarts........ 6.00 aernars Cseperay . Oy
Oo STE CEs PPE Te a a ps 8.00 Walkers (Club) : 7.00
REM MAIIRS POONRGS SS EAP 22 cco es is. 6a cs. oP. Shek ccsasasdevacdsons 8.50

ETS CIGARS I se tite eran en Rr i ee 8.50

Four Bottles Assorted at Above Prices if Desired.

HOW TO ORDER When sending your order, enclose Express or Money Order sufficient to cover cost.
If too little is sent the order may be delayed. If too much, the difference will be
returned to you. Delivery will be made to all points in Ontario. EXPRESS PREPAID.

WOODS LIMITED, 17 ST. JOHN ST., MONTREAL

Modern A manual of practical inform-

ation for sportsmen of today

Sporting | = Over 250 Illustrations

Containing Chapters on the following:

A Retrospect, Modern Shotguns, Shotgun
Gunnery Ammunition, Modern Sporting Rifles, The
: New Accelerated Express Rifles and Axite
Powder, Ball and Shot Guns and Their Dev-
en elopment, The Sighting of Rifles, Sporting
Buliets, Miniature Rifles For Match, Target

and Sporting Purposes, Gun Fitting, Game
By HENRY SHARP Shooting in Great Britain, Wild Fowl Shoot-

Author of “The Gun A field ing in Great Britain, The Sportswoman; Her

and Afloat,” “Practical Rationale in the Field and Her Equipment,

Wildfowling,” Etc. Ladies in the Field, Shooting Abroad. |

EWill be sent ;postpaid on receipt of price, $2.003_ 3
ADDRESS:

st. BOOK DEPT, ROD AND GUN IN CANADA, WOODSTOCK, ONT.

:
he
a
eas

804

your bait, whatever variety you ersonally
prefer, and if there are any Skunks around
there you will be sure to get them.
Old cross fences and cross hedges are good
places to set ee for these animals. Cover
our trap with dry grass, and just above it
hang a piece of rabbit, chicken or bird on
which is sprinkled a few drops of some good
liquid bait scent. Skunk are not as cunning
or suspicious as mink and are more easily
caught for this reason. If you are trapping
for skunk around an old barn or outbuilding
get several traps in different directions.
Another way is to make a run-way out of
two logs, placing the logs about eight inches
apart, and setting a trap at either end, placing
the bait that you prefer to use between the
logs about half way between the two traps.
In very cold weather, or when a deep snow
is on, skunk will den up. With the use of one
or more good dogs you will have no trouble
in locating the den and can easily force them
out with the use of a good smoker.

WOLF (OR COYOTE)

This animal is very suspicious of the human
odor and every precaution must be taken to
destroy the human scent. Some trappers
recommend that the traps be dipped in melted
beeswax, or boiled in strong sage tea before
setting. Under all circumstances you will

do well to wear gloves that have been well ~

rubbed with some good reliable trail scent, as
it will destroy the human odor effectively.
In setting a wolf trap it is deemed advisable
to place cotton or wool under the pan of the
trap to prevent anything from getting under
the pan of solid substance. Carefully conceal
wolf traps. A reliable trail scent may be
effectively used on your shoe soles when
visiting the traps or when making sets. One
method is to dig a hole in the ground to fit
the trap, along a cow path near a fence or
Stream. Sprinkle a little dirt over the trap
and then burn a little bunch of hay over the
trap, as wolf wiil always dig into a camp fire.
Place your favorite bait near the trap and
make everything look as natural as you can.

Another method is to find a badger or
prairie dog mound, dig a hole and carefully
conceal the trap. Place a twig under the pan
so that the smaller animals will not spring it.
Put your favorite bait directly over or near
the trap.

Still another way, when the snow is on, is
to place a heavy stone in a sack and ride out to
where you intend trapping, letting your
horse drag the sack in it along to make a path.
Rub both sides of the bag with a reliable trail
scent. Drag it to a suitable location and
make the set. Pull the drag up close to your
horse and make a sharp turn. This pro-
cedure will cause the wolf to come to a walk
and make a short turn and he will not be so
likely to step over your trap. Extend your
snow path across prairie font stream to
Stream. In this way you have a scented trail
for them to follow right up to your trap. To
set trap, dig out snow so trap will set level
with the surface. Lay a jute of white paper
in bottom to keep trap from freezing to the
ground. Cover very carefully with thin layer
of-snow. Set your trap stiff enough so
a cannot spring it, and sprinkle a few

ROD AND GUN IN CANAD

SA
*

Yee

nails os ie Peake Ss

drops of bait scent p's and down the pat

you are sure to get them. a
FOX ‘ 3 . aoe
Reynard is the most cunning of all wild
animals to trap, and one of the most important P
things necess to success in trapping them >
is to destroy all traces of human scent.

may be done by rubbing a good trail scent on
your shoe soles, and by using gloves rubbed
with the same. Fox traps should be boiled
in hemlock water, or sprinkled with blood to
which has been added a few drops of trail
scent. In setting traps for the fox find their
runways, or where they are likely to travel.
Set your traps about two feet from a good
sized tree, and be careful to see that the trap .
is well covered and the surroundings dis-
turbed as little as possible. Place your
favorite bait up on the tree about four or five
feet from the ground, so that the bait will be
directly above the trap. In trying to get
to the bait the fox is most sure to be caught.

Another method is to drive a stake about
six feet long into the ground, so that the stake
will be above the ground about five feet.
Sharpen the end of the stake and on it place
arabbit. Put a lot of leaves or chaff around
the base of the stake—set two traps, three or
four feet from either side, then coverthe traps —
over lightly with leaves, etc. It is well to

lace a half dozen drops of some good liquid
ox bait on the ground, and also you ma
place a few on the rabbit. The foxes will
come for a great distance to get to the bait and
are sure to be caught in your traps.
OTTER ;

In trapping for otter, carefully go over the
section that you intend trapping in and locate
their slides and where they come to shore to

lay. If you expect to set your trap at the
oot of a slide, see that it is set about four
inches under water, and arrange the trap so —
that the otter will strike the pan of the trap
with its feet. It is well to have the outeredge
of the trap raised a trifle higher than the side
nearest the bank. :

Be sure to see that your trap is staked in
deep water and weighed heavily enough, so
that when the otter is caught and dives for
deep water the weight will hold it there until
it drowns. Bh

Another method is to dig a pocket in the
bank four or five feet, a little below water
level, to form a small, pond for them to fish
in. Set the trap in this small artificial pond
so that it will be covered with three or four
inches of water and a few leaves. Dam up
the pocket at the edge of the streamtoholdthe —
water. Put a number of live minnowsinthe —
water and in the back part sprinkle a few
drops of liquid Otter Bait, or whatever bait
you prefer. A live frog staked in the back of
the pocket will also help. Set your trap just —
inside the dam. If this set is made carefully
and made to look as natural as possible you ~
are sure to get the otter. Always stake traps —
in deep water. A number two and one-half
Newhouse trap is recommended by many
trappers for this purpose. If you can locate
the spot where the otter comes out of thi
water and set trap two or three inches un
water, close to bank, the otter will spring thr
trap and is sure tobe caught. In any of the
sets it is advisable to sprinkle a few dro

a

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 805 —

sax) EVEREADY

The light that says Shere it is!”

toJOHN HALLAM)

N N
N and receive highest cash prices. We send N
money the same day the furs are received. N
Charge no commissions—and pay all charg- N
N es. We have paid out millions of dollars to N

thousands of trappers in Canada who send
their furs to us because they know they get
a square deal, and receive more money
for their furs. You will also. We buy
more furs from trappers for cash than any
other five firms in ord da.

Hallam’s Trapper Guide (96 pages)
FREE Hallam’s Sportsmen’s Catalogue

Hallam’s Raw Fur Quotations

Hallam’s Fur Style Book (32 pages)

Sent free on request - Addzess as follows:

JOHN HALLAM, Limited
149 Hallam Building - Toronto

SS...

VA

VMM@E@EH@@q@qMEA

eo:

MMMM@@@M@@@q@]q]@|Mmétto

\

NX

reese AE ANAS .
ets

Toupees for Men

Who Wish to Renew Their Youth
and Protect Their Health.

Toupees made by W. T. Pember are the
closest imitation of nature that can be
produced. Light in weight and gives
perfect satisfaction at reasonable prices.

‘With that long lived
TUNGSTEN battery

W. T. PEMBER

129 Yonge Street, Toronto

3

806

liquid otter bait near the traps, or better still,
directly over them on a weed, rock, or stick,
etc. this will attract Oe Shes to your trap
‘ou will be sure to get it.
oh BEAVER Pen
There are a great number of ways in which
the beaver may be successfully trapped, buta
great deal depends upon the section of the
country and local conditions which form the
particular field of operation. All traps
should be staked and weighted by stones, so
that when the beaver is caught and dives for
deep water the weight will hold it there until
it drowns. Find places where there are signs
of beaver and set your traps in about four or
five inches of water. Drive a stake with a
few short branches on it about six inches from
the trap and toward the shore. On this
sprinkle a few drops of your favorite bait scent.
Then on either side of the trap drive two small
sticks as a guide so the beaver will go between
them to get the bait. In this way they are

ONTARIO LIFTS BAN ON TAKING es
OTTER AND BEAVER ee

ACTIVITIES OF TRAPPERS AND FARMERS TO BE
LIMITED BY COUPONS—SELL TO
LICENSED DEALERS —

Within strict limitations, the Ontario Gov-
ernment is going to allow trappers and farm-
ers to kill otter and beaver this winter. An
order-in-Council has just been passed which
fixes a season from November lst to March
31st, within which otter and beaver may
be taken, but control over the number to be
killed will be exercised by a royalty system.
Under the plan adopted, a licensed trapper
or a farmer trapping on his own land, may
purchase ten royalty coupons at fifty cents
each. Two coupons will permit the trapper
or farmer to take one otter, while a single
pce allows the taking of a beaver. :

The taking of otter and beaver in Ontario
has been prohibited for nearly twenty years,
and in recent years they have been increasing
at such a rate that in some districts they have
become a cause of considerable loss to farmers.
In places the work of the beavers has backed
up streams and flooded valuable property.
Last season the matter was taken up by the
Fish and Game Committee, and legislation
was put through authorizing the Government
to permit the taking of such animals. The

resent order-in-Council is based upon that

egislation.

The new regulations will permit trappers
to sell the skins only to licensed dealers in
the province.

Treaty Indians in Northern Ontario are
to be permitted to trap beaver and otter, but
on somewhat different terms from those
governing trappers and farmers in other
parts of the province and white ino

he

“a P
ee and farmers in the northern area.

-IN CAN
RD RRC 2 ek Bhat Ba hh»
xe Sg Gee pr oe
sure caug
well to cover the trap li htly with |

a =
is ee ;

a

the water will not wash it away. ia

are frozen over, make a'small hole at theedge
of ice close to the shore and in this place the
end of a pole, green cottonwood, birch,
or willow, on which has been sprinkled afew
drops of liquid Beaver bait. Cut a hole in
the ice the length of the trap chain from the
first hole.and set the trap in under the ice oh
close to the bait. Stake the end of the trap —
chain as far out as pores The beaver in
searching along the shore for food will work at
the pole and is sure to get caught.

aS eee
Br 7
1 Nac
out its royalty pian. recognized the diffic

ndians to purchase

affixing a coupon.
appointed issuers of coupons and will secure
them from the department, affixing one toa
beaver and two to an otter skin. Each pur-
chase must then be endorsed upon the In-
dian’s certificate of identity. : ay

The Indians will be allowed to take ten
pelts either otter or beaver. The white man
may take only ten beaver or five otter. H

The following is the Order-in-Council pre- —
scribing the terms and conditions upon which
beaver and otter may be taken or had in
possession. Rays):

(1) It shall not be lawful for any person to 34
take, trap, hunt, shoot, kill, or molest or at-
tempt to take, trap, hunt, shoot, kill, or molest
any beaver or otter from and including the —
first day of April to and including the thirty- —
first day of October of each year, nor shall any es
person have in possession the carcass or skin
of any beaver or otter unless having, attached
thereto, or, being in a position to attach there--
to by having already procured the same,
coupon or coupons as hereafter provided
cept such beaver or otter skins as may
been legally taken outside of the Prov:
Ontario,and with regard to which it sh:
cumbent upon the holder to establi
satisfaction of the Department of»

>}
™*

‘iad

Invisibility
The Joe Welsh Leader is col-
orless and has ne knots. A
\ sizeforevery fish. Strength,
4to 30 pounds; length, 3to9
feet. Highest endorsements
from anglers. Send this ad
/ and 25 cents for 3-foot sam-
ple. Other lengths in pro-
portion. Write NOW.

-Joe Welsh
Pasadena, Cal.
Sole Agent U.S. and Canada

\ No Knots - No Splices! /

|

i
\\\ Strong. Durable: Yue
= Invisible. jv

46% Protein
Three years ago, on the advice of a few Dog
breeders in Canada, we bought a ton of this
Meal, which was sold before it arrived. Then
we bought five tons, which was all sold in a
month. We now buy it by the car and have
just received another supply.

It fills a long felt want, and we ship it to Halifax and

lonton. Can furnish dozens of unsolicited testi-
monials from leading fanciers, and it only requires one
trial to make steady customers. Send for free folder

and full particulars.
Price 4 cents per ib., or $3.65 In 100 Ib. lots.
Special Prices on larger quantities.

H. WHITE & C@., LIMITED, SHELBURNE, ONT.

For 8 Subscriptions

od

To Rod and Gun in Canada

You can secure FREE a splendid
Conklin Fountain Pen.
Get to work at once. Your
friends will enjoy reading the
magazine during 1916 and YOU
will enjoy using the pen. Sample
copies sent on request.

PREMIUM DEPARTMENT
W. J. Taylor, Ltd., Publisher
WOODSTOCK, ONTARIO

Soy Bean Meal [|

—e

Bull Moose

Ferociously Charged

Theodore Roosevelt

near Quebec, last hunting season. |

How the Colonel killed the
Bull in self defence, after having
poencu: obtained his legal
imit of Moose, is told by him in
the February 1916 “Scribner”,
and by sworn affidavit atiQuebec.

Caribou and Deer

are abundant in pas of Quebec —

Province, as well as moose and

bear.

THE BEST TROUT FISHING

in the world is in the Province of Que-
bec, and so are the best Guides both for
fishing and hunting. Read Henry van
Dyke’s description of some of them in
“Little Rivers.”

Would you like to own
A Summer Camp

for your family, by a forest-clad stream
or mountain-surrounded lake?

You can build one of your own, by leas-
ing a fishing and hunting territory from
the Government of the Province,
whether a resident of it or not, or by
gouene one of the many fish and game
clubs.

Write for an illustrated booklet on-
“The Fish and Game Clubs of Quebec,”
which tells you all about them, and ad-
dress all enquiries concerning fishing
and hunting rights, fish and game laws,
guides, etc., to

Hon. Honoré Mercier,
Minister of Colonization,
Mines and Fisheries.

Quebec, Que.

q
oe
"

Try

BE
nN

i

808

Fisheries that such skin was legally taken and
brought into this Province.

(2) No person (except as provided by sec-
tion 3) shall take, kill or molest any beaver
or otter without: ;

First having obtained a trapper’s license, as
required by sub-section 2 of section 9 of The
Ontario Game and Fisheries Act, as amended
by 6 George V, c. 60, and being a permanently
domiciled resident of this Province and quali-
fied to obtain a resident trapper’s license.

Second, having obtained from the Depart-
ment of Game and Fisheries or from some
person duly authorized by the said Depart-
ment to issue the same not less than one series
and not more than two series of coupons,
which two series shall be the maximum ob-
tainable during one season by any person
qualified under these regulations to take
beaver and otter, each series being furnished
for the sum of $2.50 and consisting of five
coupons, of which coupons, one in the case of
beaver and two in the case of otter, shall be
firmly attached to each skin held or offered
for sale by such trapper and pass with the skin
to the buyer of such skin, and without which
any beaver or otter skin found in the posses-
sion of any person, except as provided by sec-
tion 1, shall be deemed to have been illegally
taken and shall be liable to be confiscated.

(3) Provided that any farmer cultivatin
his own land may obtain for a fee of $1.
from the Department of Game and Fisheries
or from some person duly authorized to issue
the same, a permit to ep beaver or otter
upon his own property, which said permit

all entitle him to procure one series and not

A VALUABLE REPORT

HE focussing of public attention in
Canada upon the problem of strength-
ening our national organization through

increased industrial and commercial efficiency
lends special value and interest to the Seventh
Annual Report of the Commission of Con-
servation, which has just been issued. The
activities of this Commission, relating to
the entire field of primary production, aim
to secure greater efficiency in basic industry—
in the development and utilization of Can-
ada’s natural resources.

The resume of the past year’s work is
notable primarily for the progress recorded
in the constructive programme entered upon
by the newly formed Town Planning branch,
with respect to one of our greatest and most
urgent national problems, viz., the proper
use and development of land, particularly
in urban areas. Town-planning legislation
of an advanced character has been secured
in several provinces and thorough investiga-
tion of prey conditions has also been
undertaken with a view to the drafting of
model housing laws. Rapid progress has
been achieved in the promotion of independ-
ent civic organization throughout the Dom-
r inion for the purpose of securing more gen-
= eral and thorough study of public questions.
. _A second noteworthy feature is the atten-
‘. ____ tion devoted by the Commission to the re-

more than two series of coupons, as pro
and on the terms specifie cy the se
paragraph of section 2, but shall only b
and effective upon his procuring such cou

(4) No person shall apply for or o
more than one trapper’s license or farme
permit to trap during one season. \ ai

(5) No person having taken any beaver
or otter as provided by section 2 and 3 shall —
dispose of the same to any person except a
dealer duly licensed by the Department of
Game and Fisheries. :

(6) Every trapper or farmer shall obtain
from the dealer to whom he may sell the pelts :
of any beaver or ctter taken by him, a receipt Ae

for the number of such pelts, stating the num-
bers of the coupons attached thereto, as well -
as the number of the license under which such “
dealer was authorized to buy, such receipt s

to be forwarded b

the trapper or farmer to ©
the Department o

Game and Fisheries. /

(7) The taking, killing or trapping of
beaver or otter upon any privately-owned
property without having first obtained
authority from the owner to do such trapping
is prohibited.

(8) The killing, taking or trapping of more Ri
than four beaver from any family or colony
of beaver, unless specially authorized by the
Department of Game and Fisheries in the case ~
of families or colonies doing damage to roads
or private property, is prohibited.

(9) No person other than the one to whom a
coupon shall have been issued shall attach
such coupon to any skin to establish the
legality thereof unless such coupon shall have

become unattached from such skin the
mee

course of handling. ,

duction of the heavy economic handicap
imposed upon Canada through her enormous _
annual fire losses. The Commission is en-

gaged in a careful study of the causes, the a
extent and best methods of remedying this
avoidable tax upon the country’s re- ‘>
sources. :

The section of the report containing the
results of an agricultural survey in four
representative counties presents accurate and
definite data regarding the deficiencies of
Canada’s chief industry and affords a valuable vas
indication of the lines along which efforts
to improve rural conditions, economic and —
social, should be directed. ~ 4

Steady progress has been made by the
Commission in the huge task of national stock- ay
taking, the urgent necessity for which be-
comes daily more apparent. Recent ex-

erience has served to emphasize the need
or accurate knowledge of the nature and
extent of the Dominion’s wealth in lands, —
forests, minerals, water-powers, fisheries and —
wild life, as a guidance to intelligent and “a
permanent national expansion. ; +

The report, which is bound in cloth, and
well illustrated, constitutes an important
addition to the literature on Canada’s re-
sources and the problems connected with
their efficient administration and develop-
ment. “iia

YOUR

wa), = 4
A vw

ae

%

GET BIGGER PROFITS

This Season by Shipping

RAW

Direct to a house who can afford to
pay more. Why do we pay Highest
Prices with most reliable Assort-
ments? Because we are Manu-
facturers with years of reliable
dealings and therefore can divide
the dealer’s profits with YOU.
Send for price list which will give
references and quotations.

H. HAIMOWICZ

ESTABLISHED 1894

265-267 Main Street, PATERSON,EN. J.

TRAPPERS

Send for our special free price list
before making shipment to any one.
When shipping to us you save the
middleman’s profit. We always
guarantee entire satisfaction and
quick returns, pay express charges
and when so requested hold ship-
ments separate for your approval
of returns.

Write at once for Free Price List.

FRED WHITE, Fur Trader

BELOIT, KANSAS

FURS

a oP .~

We Carry in Stock the Largest Assort-
ment of Animal

TRAPS

in Canada; this Ensures Prompt
Shipment

HALLAM’S ANIMAL BAIT will largely increase
your catch of furs. $1.00 per bottle, or six bottles
or $5.00, postpaid by us.

AUTOMOBILE MODEL ‘''B’”? SKATES, long blade
of chrome nickel steel, laminated and tempered, nickel
lated, tops cold roll steel, nickel plated, extra strong
rackets, divided heel. Size 10 to 114. Price, bm

NO. 44 JUSTRITE HEADLIGHT gives a penetrat-
ing light and will not blow out. It burns ten hours
on one charge of carbide. It has a lens for diffused
light for camp purposes and a faci long distance
lens for hunting. eight 244 lbs._ Price complete
with cap delivered to you $4.50. In ordering give
size of cap desired. ipa. A Se - aa
THE BRILLIANT SEARCHLIGHT develops from
150 to 400 candle power, depending on the model and
lens used. With this light an object can bedistinguished
at 200 Me ag It burns four to twelve hours on one
filling of 4 oz. of carbide, depending on the size of the
flame. Lamp can be used asa headlight, carried in the
hand, hung on a pole, or set on a table. Mailing
weight 3 lbs.

Style

ees oe i

Single Lens Double Lens Interchangeable
Lens

2 Adjustable Candle

Flame Burner.. $6.50 $7.50 $8.00
8 Ad ble Flat
: bse Beeiiee! od soe 8.00 8.50

Descriptions and prices of Traps, Guns, Sights, Hunting
Knives, Hunting Axes, Camp Stoves, Tents, Flash-
lights, Bicycles, Compasses, Fishing Tackle and other
sportsmen’s supplies shown in our 1916-17 edition of
HALLAM’S TRAPPERS’ & SPORTSMEN’S SUP-
PLY CATALOGUE. MAILED FREE.

John flallam

No. 923 Hallam
Building
TORONTO

December 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 1916—Grand International
Handicap Shoot, St. Thomas, Ont.,
W. J. McCance, 475 Talbot St.,
@ St. Thomas, Ont., Manager.

Important Note for Gun Club Secretaries.

Gun Club secretaries are requested to send in rec-
ords of shoots as soon after they have taken place
as possible in order to get early insertion. Send in
your scores and we will publish them in our next
issue. There is no better way to preserve the records
of your shoots than to have them published under
our Trap department, but in order to be of value to
the shooters secretaries must co-operate with the
magazine and the way to do this is to send in shoots

as soon as they have occurred, giving scores and any -

other interesting details o. the shoot which may occur.

We shall be pleased to announce Tournament Dates
if these are sont in well in advance.

If enclosed in an unsealed envelope addressed to
the Trap Editor, Rod and Gun, Woodstock, Ont.,
and eked “Printer’s Copy”’ written reports or news-
aper clippings giving the scores of shoots held may
= forwarded for one cent postage. Please be sure
to give the date of shoot.

Grand International Handicap Shoot.

The city of St. Thomas is to be a centre of attrac-
tion .or trap shooters on December 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th
and sth when the Grand International Hanuicap
shoet will be held there. The St. Thomas Gun Ciub
claim to have the finest trap-shooting grounds in
Canada. They have spent the past year in fixing
the grounds, club houses and traps. Five sets of
traps are used for clay birds and Fulford traps usea
for live birds. Shooters who miss the big Internation-
al Shoot will have something to regret. Those in
charge are looking for an attendance almost as big
as that at the Grand American Handicap at St. Louis
this season. Trap-shooters everywhere are invited
to come to St. Thomas in December and help to make
this registered tournament a record shoot. Phe scores
made at this tournament will be included in the offi-
cial records of the Interstate Association.

Mr. Geo. H. Ginn of the Winchester Repeating
Arms Co., New Haven, Conn. and Mr. Rupert M.
Watson of the Dominion Cartridge Co., Montreal,
will have charge of the office during the tournament.
Interstate Rules will be used and Canadian made
targets will be used exclusively in the tournament.

ive “Western” McCrea Automatic Traps will be
used for Clay Bird events.

Every competitor must upon making his .irst entry,
register his correct name and address-and the name
of the Club he represents.

The targets are at unknown angles. When a broken
target is thrown it is no target, whether hit or missed.

he Club has arranged with the St. Thomas Cus-
toms official to pass guns for American shooters at-
tending this tournament. American shooters have
to pay duty on ammunition brought into Canada.
American shooters are requested not to ship their
guns and ammunition the last day and expect to have
no delay with the Customs. Guns, etc. should be
shipped to the Manager, W. J. McCance, St. Thomas,
Ont. a few days before the Tournament opens. By
doing this shooters will be saved delay and WOITy.

A Miss and Out event extending over Monday,
Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday will be held for
which thirty-five valuable presents will be given.

Monday, December 4th is opening day. Be inning
at_one o’clock five twenty target events will 5m run
off and $100 divided among the High Guns.

Commencing at 9 a.m. on Tuesday there will be
ten twenty target events, the High oemene Mone
for the day being $200. Any ladies shooting throug
the entire program, Monday, Tuesday and Wednesday,

receive suitable prizes to commemorate the event.

Five twenty target events are on the program for
be a an : Agee ot Ripe International. Cham-

C 1p ai yards. i vera

be divided for this day. r ie rg

A handsome oak case of Rogers 1847 spoons, knives
forks, ete. valued at $25 is to be given tie winner of
the International Championship at 16 yards.

&
_

hundred targets at

|

_ known sportsman remarked:

A beautiful cut glass salad bowl with silver spoon
and fork, cut glass handles, will be given to the ama-
teur_ shooter rR the highest score for the four
6 yards. : a
Maan! f afternoon will see shooting for the Grand
International Handicap at 100 yards. This is
commence at 1 p.m. sharp. There will be five twenty
target events, handicap from 16 to 23 yards.
oe Committee will consist of five men >
and will be selected from the contestants on the grounds
on December 5th. If Americans are in the majority —
the committee will be composed of three Americans __
and two Canadians, and if in the minority, of two
Americans and three Canadians. ae ss
$300 ang Average money is to be divided, $100 F.

x

a valuable prize being given to the
Gun and the balance of the $300 to next High Guns. —
In the International Handicap the Professionals will —
be pete i from 18 to 23 yards and two suitable
prizes will be given the winners in this event.
The first event on Thursday will be at ten live birds, __
$100 cash guaranteed, handicap 26 to 32 yards, en-—
trance $7.00, birds included, high guns, two monies —
in five entries. i “ “xy
Second event, entrance $7.00, birds included, two
monies in five entries. | ; a
Third event, twenty live birds. ~ tae
Grand International Handicap, $300 cash ar- ;
anteed, entrance $15, high ns $75, balance, Rose
system 5, 4, 3, 2, Surplus added. A $50 gold watch
as a special gee donated to the winner of the Grand _
International Handicap will commemorate this event.
The fourth event on Friday will be at ten live birds,
$100 cash guaranteed, handicap 26 to 32 yards, en-
trance $7.00, birds included, high guns, two monies

of this an i

in five entries. 2 g ‘
Fifth event, at twenty live birds, Grand Internation-—
al Handicap, $300 guaranteed. This is a continua- —
tion of event Number 3 of the fourth day. _A $50 pela
watch as a special prize donated to the winner of the —
Grand International Handicap commemorate —
this event. A <j
The sixth event will be at ten live birds, entran
$7.00, birds included, high guns, two monies in five
entries. L
Contestants entering for the Grand International
Handicap at live birds will not be permitted to with-
draw from this event after their entry has been a
cepted, and no refund will be allowed for birds not
shot at. Contestants are allowed to shoot through
or “birds only”’ but are not eligible to-shoot for trophy.

Balmy Beach Club Holds Weekly Shoot. __
The regular weekly shoot of the Balmy Beach Gun —
Club was held as usual on their grounds, Eastern —
Avenue, on Saturday, Oct. 28. The day was fine ~
for this sport, and some good scores were made. T.
F. Hodgson won the spoon and J. Smith the shells.

The scores:— Shot at. Broke
Jc. Sinith? serra csavtvetatectotncs wee LIB Sa
ce: « 115 106
W. H. 115
W. H. 115
4 he 90 .

E. R. Crompton 110
R. F 80
if. 80
pre 65
G. 65
W. 55
H. 45
al 45
Ww 30 26

\ While the baseball fans solemnly declare that they
will forever shun the bleachers at major league games
unless the admission price is reduced to “two-bits
and then walk right up to the ticket window and
out 50 cents, gun bugs pursue the “even tenor of th
way’ witnessing their favorite sport without cost |
be it known, there is never any charge made for
trance to a shootfest. Oa

In discussing this phase of trapshooting,
2 “Imagine the
barons announcing that no charge would |

ff W. J. TAYLOR, LTD., Publisher, Woodstock, Ontario

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Irrespective of price, the following publications are the greatest values of their kind a
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reference. Used as part of Standard Courses at leading Automobile Schools in the United
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While technical, are Written in Simple Language. Practical and convenient works of f
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The A. B. C. of Motor Car Operation ................ 50c - | %
The A. B. C. of Internal Combustion Engine, Mainten-
PRICE IN AROMANES 2a oie 5 Sak AN SS hte eee bas 25¢ |
The A. B. C. of Magneto Ignition Systems ............ 15¢
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The A. B. C. of Aerial Navigation, a work that is i
Perret AIR se ere ee ys aie o's Lise ofese Sm ae 50c ii
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Address all orders to | .
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812

ission to the World's Series! Yet, this is pre-
sielyawhat ‘the Interstate Association does when the
Grand American, Trapshooting Handicap is staged
for the 600,000 trapshooters in the United States, for
the G. A. H. is the ‘World’s Series’ of this great Am-

erican sport.

TEACHING PEOPLE TO SHOOT

ANY persons will always contend that shooters

like poets are “born” and not “made”. After a
season as Manager of the Du Pont Trapshooting
School at Atlantic City, where thousands of novices
have made their first attempt to shatter clay targets,
my views may throw some light on this much-mooted
pabiect. E ‘ . ;
The urpose of the Du Pont Trapshooting School is
threefold; viz., to teach the art of clay target shooting,
to instruct in the proper use and care of the shotgun,
and to provide the thousands of trapshooters, who
annually visit Atlantic City, opportunities for parti-
cipating in their favorite pastime. Hence, it is easy
to believe that in carrying out the objects of the school
we come in contact with shooters of every conceivable

type.

Th our instruction work with the novices who have
never shot a gun of any kind our work may be very
simple or very difficult. For instance, the novice of
this nature has formed no bad habits which have to be
overcome. Therefore, given a novice of fair aptitude
with no difficulties as to eyesight, a perfect fitting gun,
and competent instruction, his rise to proficiency should
be sufficiently rapid to satisfy even the most impatient.
Perfection is a matter of refinement in gun fitting,
coaching, practice, and the cultivation of absolute
confidence in oneself.

Naturally some make progress faster than others,
but it would be a bold assertion to say that this shooter
was more favorably endowed by nature, particularly as
regards shooting, than his fellow. I should venture the
° en that one merely learns quicker and better than

e other.

Just as the golf instructor and the army drill master
make much of the proper position for novices to assume,
so it is in trap-shooting. We find so many who upon
having a gun placed in their hands, immediately as-
sume a strained and unnatural position, with a vise-
like grip upon the gun, and balancing and pivoting at
the waist with the hips thrust forward and the should-
ers back. This of course precludes the ppossitalety of
ease or comfort in shooting, and the likelihood of mak-
ing a good score. Like the expert billiard player who

vates a “‘touch” and must have it before he be-
comes expert, so the trapshooter who would enter the
select circle of the expert must cultivate an easy,
natural position and correct manner of holding his gun.

Speaking freely, the proper position at the traps is
to stand firmly on both feet, leaning slightly forward,
the left foot from 4 to 6 inches in advance of the right
pene shooter is right handed) the body really resting

efly on the left leg so as, in a measure, to counteract
recoil; the left hand well out on the barrel, but not
so far as to make the arm straight and stiff; the right
hand gripping the gun firmly at the ip’ with his
concentrated on the point where he should first
catch sight of the target, his mind intent simply on the
breaking of that target and on nothing else, and with

There are seventy kinds of oysters in the
world and all of them are good, says a writer
in the Philadelphia Ledger.

So far as the records go, the first man who
said oysters shouldbe eaten only in R months
was Butler. In “Dyet’s Dry Dinner,” which
appeared a little more than three centuries
ago, 1t was written.

“It is unseasonable~and unwholesome in
all months that have not an R in their name
to eat an oyster.”

Bismarck was a champion long-distance
© nae consumer. He ate six dozen at a
sitting.

ie. >

7”

both eyes wide open so as to instantly gauge the flight
of the target and get on to it as quickly as e;
that is how the expert, the man who “breaks ’em )
stands and acts when ready to call “Pull”. |
attitude is not strained or awkward; his body swings
easily from the hips to meet the exigencies of a sharp
right-quartering target or of one thrown equally —
sharply to the left. i ‘9
An easy position at the start is, therefore, what a
beginner ought first to strive to adopt. It is easier to
start right than, having started wrong, to unlearn
everything and begin all over again. Watchtheexperts —
both amateurs and professionals, andlearnhowtostand
from the object lessons they give when at the traps,for __
few indeed in either class adopt any other than the
easiest and most natural position. - J ae
_Some other grave faults encountered in novices
(in many cases those with quite some experience) were
tendencies to lift the cheek from the gun when the ~~
target appeared in view, thus destroying the carefi &
adjusted alignment of the eye along the gun barrel l
making a hit a matter of pure luck rather than skill; am
inclination to wait twice or three times as long as
necessary after getting aim before firing, thus giving +s
the shot pattern a chance to open up and also age ar:
the target to get beyond certain killing range; an
last but not least, an uncontrollable habit of pulling the
trigger the moment the target appear in the air.
without regard to aim, direction of flight, or other con-
siderations which go to make for oer
Possession of a gun which does not fit the shooter
cannot be correctly called a fault; rather it is a mis-
fortune. The beginner in = knows noth-
ing about selecting a gun to fit him. And I usually
find that the man who comes along and confessestome —_—
that he has had some experience but isa poorshothas =
been handicapping himself with a misfit gun. ¢ re
= doesn’t even know the dimensions of his gun- —
stock. ;
By using a trygun we take the exact fit of each a
shooter, thus ensuring a proper gun is provided foruse
during instruction and also enabling him or her to
obtain from any gun maker precisely the fit ina
sie: that it is necessary to 5 to be able to
well. of ae
_The rapid strides towards perfection rite by many
visitors at the Schooi, even with but a fewlessons,have
frequently been a matter of, we hope, justifiable pride _
to us and an indication that our School and modus
operandi or system are along the right lines. ere
But to revert to the opening sentence of this dis-
cussion, my frank and honest opinion is that crack
shots are not born but “self-made” and 90 per cent.
erfection, or even better, is the goal open to him, or :
er, who will but learn his few simple lessons properly —
at the start of his shooting career, and then strive ©
diligently to master that which can oat come with
satisfaction,

ee
practice and confidence—good scores an

They began eating oysters long betore the — a
Christian era, but Swift said: “He was a

bold man that first ate an oyster.” t
There are enough oysters eaten each year
throughout the world to feed every person
in the United States 100 each. In other
words, more than thirty million bushels.
Five out of every six oysters are American,
The oyster is the most valuable commercial
product that comes out of the sea.
According to Sheridan, he is a rom
cuss, for that celebrated wit said, ‘An oys
may be crossed in love.” ;

re

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

|OUR CONTINUOUS GROWING DEMAND FOR

CANADIAN FURS

Puts us ina position to pay you the a

Ship us your furs and put your lowest
price on them and if not satisfactory we
will return your goods and pay all Ex-
press poth ways. Who canmake you a
fairer offer? Write us today for price
lists which are now ready. Price lists
and tags are free. A postal will do.

St. Joseph Hide & Fur Co.

$13-15-17-19 N.3rd.St., «
St. Jaseph, Mo., eS

CANADIAN

RAW FURS

WANTED

I want all the RAW FURS of all kinds that J can
get from all parts of Canada. Top notch prices and
satisfaction guaranteed on every shipment. I pa

all transportation charges on shipments of ten dol-

lars or over. You will get your check by return mail.
Ship your RAW FURS into the State of New
York and get what they are worth. Write for price
list and tags—they are free. :
REFERENCE—Sherburne National Bank or any
Bank in the United States.

C. H. MYERS,

NO. 3 CHAPEL ST.,
SHERBURNE, N.Y.

highest market values at all times. Sie as

813

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CASH OR CREDIT
Terms—$1-2-3 Weekly

The Jacobs Credit system en-
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Christmas. presents without the
outlay of much money. A Diamond constantly in-
creases in value and lasts forever

WW

Write to-day for Catalogue, it is free.

We send Diamonds to any part of Canada for inspection
at our expense. Payments may be made Weekly or
Monthly. We trust any honest person.

JACOBS BROS., Diamond Importers
15 Toronto Arcade - - Toronto, Canada

The Quide that Knowsall Trails

) that shows you how to go—and come back ina straight line,
that is never ‘‘all-turned around" and always looks familiar
no matter how strange the country.

The only Guaranteed Jeweled Compass at $1.00

y Ask yourdealer. If he does not have them or will not order
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Taylor Instrament Companies ROCHESTER, NY,
Makers of Scientific Instruments of Superiority

Give following measurements:—

BEAL BROS., Limited

52 Wellington St. East, TORONTO, Ont.

High Class

SPORTING OR TRENCH
BOOTS

They are being worn in the trenches
now, giving complete satisfaction.

Our 309 Special is MADE BY HAND, on
a Boot-shaped Last, with patent stiffened
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1. Length of foot, or size of ordinary boot worn.
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at :
hin Y) it 2

*,

Hil A ag

FEEDING AND GROOMING Le

and condition, he calls for a reasonable

amount of care and attention, and un-
less you are disposed to make some small
sacrifices, it is wiser not to have a dog at all.
You may rest assured that any care which you
lavish upon your four-footed friend will be
repaid with interest. If you once nurse a

oung dog through sickness, it is surprising
bow grateful he becomes, and the bond of at-
tachment between him and his master is much
strengthened. More animals, I believe suffer
from the effects of over-feeding than from
deprivation.

When one’s canine possessions are limited
to two or three the commissariat problem is a
very simple one, most households having
ae waste scraps to keep several small

ogs.
preserved until the regular mealtime, rather
than be given indiscriminately whenever they
happen to be handy. Some authorities pre-
fer to feed in the morning and again about six
o’clock in the evening, while others only give
the meal at night. Exception should be made
in the case of toy dogs; with others one good
feed a day is quite sufficient, although no harm
will be done by giving a biscuit or two in the
morning. Whenever you decide to feed, let
it be done invariably about the same time, for
a dog knows to a minute or two when his food
is due, and as a rule he has no objection to
telling you pretty plainly if you are addicted
to the bad habit of unpunctuality. Supposing
the household leavings are insufficient, there
are many dog biscuits and other patent foods,
all of which save a good deal of trouble, but it
cannot be too strongly insisted upon that a
certain proportion of meat is required. Scraps
from a butcher may be bought for a few cents,
and if well boiled it is more economical,
as bread, vegetables, biscuits, boiled rice, or
oatmeal can be incorporated with the gravy
from which all fat has first been removed.
Plenty of variety in the dietary is most
___ essential, as dogs are very much like human
beings in their cbjection to monotony. Bul-

’ locks’ or sheep’s paunches, well cleaned, are

Te a dog is to be kept in decent health

These should be put in a bowl and >

| BI) HL Ba)
i wi

BPA
hes 1 il Ali

easily digested, and are much liked for a —
change. A big bone will keep a dog amused
for a long time, and be good for his teeth. "2
Dogs and especially hunting dogs are very ee
fond of horse flesh, so that when a person a
keeps a number of dogs it is advisable to ar-
range for a supply from parties who have the ft
nd

disposal of such. Quarters or large chunks can ee
be had at comparatively low cost and it is Ox
just as good as other meat but of course it
must be from a healthy animal; one that has
been killed while in a healthy condition. =

A steam-jacketed cooker is economical and — :

practically gives no trouble, as meat and
vegetable may be put in together and left to
cook themselves so long as the pan under-
neath is kept well supplied with water.

Some Feople arrange to take the surplus ;
bread and scraps from the tables of hotels and
restaurants; they may be had in large quanti- 3
ties, and will keep good a week or two if dried é '
first of all in an oven. The supply, however, Bs
is limited. Liver is of very little diettic i
value, although dogs are extremely fond ofit,
and, given occasionally, it is useful as a laxa- J
tive. I have very little sympathy with the
pampered pets who refuse everything but the

daintiest of morsels. Young chickens, rab- a
bits, and such-like luxuries are a wicked waste. 4
Occasionally, however, one may getavaluable
show animal that isa bad doer, anditmay be ~~
necessary to stimulate his appetite in order to — oe
get him into condition. -

Raw cues are ve

useful for this purpose, and cod-liver oil wi oa
alsodo much good. Fishis chiefly valuable as

a change, its feeding properties not being very —
high and a much greater quantity is needed
than of meat. Fowls’ heads, which may be
obtained from the poultryman, make a very
rich. soup. Rice mixed with gravy is to be .
recommended at times, while oatmeal, al-
though much esteemed by many, is apt tobe
heating. This should always be well seasoned. —
Dogs kept in the country are often fed or
barley-meal mixed with milk, but this *s no
so easily digestible as wheat meal. Vegetable
although not nutritious, help to keep the b

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA | 815

“The Culture of Black

and Silver Foxes”
BY R. B. and L. V. CROFT, B.A., M.D.

The new and growing industry of Fox
q Raising is rapidly becoming popular

and its money making possibilities are
becoming recognized. Canada’s leading
sportsman’s magazine, ‘‘RoD AND GuN,”’ is
being besieged by requests for information,
the result of the interest created by the splen-
did articles that have appeared in recent
issues. To meet this demand, the publish-
ers are issuing the articles in booklet form
in which enthusiasts are given valuable ard
hitherto unknown information about foxes,
under the following heads:

Introduction; Heredity; Origin; Breed-
ing; Mating and Gestation; Pens and
Dens; Food and Feeding; Food and
Care; Value.

The volume is profusely illustrated with pie-
tures taken from life, and will doubtless be
eagerly received by everyone interested in the
profitable raising of this valuable animal.

Mailed to any address upon receipt of price,
60c POSTPAID

W. J. TAYLOR, Limited, Publishers
WOODSTOCK, ONT.

i re

Dr. Croft on his Fox Ranch

For Every Camper—Fisherman—Hunter

THE WAY OF THE WOODS

A Manual for Sportsmen in North-Eastern

United States and Canada. . . iis
By EDWARD BRECK

A PRACTICAL Field Manual intended to form a part of the kit of every Camper,

Fisherman and Hunter. It contains ceneise, thorough and authoritative information on
every subject connected with life in the Woods, such as Outfitting, Fishing, Shooting,
Caneeing, Tenting, Trapping, Photography, Cooking, Hygiene, Etc.

“Excellent practical directions and advice.”’—N. Y. Sun.

436 Pages. Pocket Size. 80 IMustrations. Price $1.75 Post Paid.
W. J. TAYLOR, LTD., Publisher - Woodstock, Ont.

$16

in good order, but require using with discre-
tion. Salt is not desirable. ;

It is impossible to offer any advice as to
the quantity required at each meal. Some
dogs will thrive and get fat on very little,
others will look thin with double the weight.
The individual needs of each animal must be
considered, and he must be fed accordingly.
If he is of the eats ple kind, a substantial
meal twice a day will be helpful. Never allow
a dog to get fat, for by doing so you are only
paving the way to innumerable ills. A con-
stant supply of fresh water should always be
available, and the drinking and feeding tins
should be kept scrupulously clean, unless one
challenges an outbreak of disease. The cook-
ing utensils also should be thoroughly cleansed
every day. When we consider the horrible
garbage that some dogs will pick up when out
at exercise, we are apt to think that it is
immaterial whether the food is somewhat
tainted or not, but the time may come when
we pay very dearly for this error.

Many cases of dog poisoning credited to
the dog poisoner, I believe are simply cases of
Ptomaine poisoning, especially so in the spring
of the year when bits of meat, canned goods,
fish, etc. and often rats or mice which have
been trapped or poisoned during the winter,
are thrown out in the back tert or lane, be-
come thawed out and picked up by the dog.
So that when one feeds a dog meat or soups
that have gone bad they take chances of the
dog’s dying from Ptomaine poisoning.

For from two to a half dozen dogs the ideal
arrangement of feeding is to have your butcher
deliver to your place, say a basket of scraps
every three days. Then keep on hand a good
supply of dog biscuits, there are none better
than Spratts’. It will be found an easy mat-
ter to feed them alternate meals of raw scraps,
ie or occasionally the two boiled toget-

er.

A little sulphur sprinkled in the drinking
water occasionally is good for the blood and
the best cure-all dope for dogs is equal parts
of syrup of Buckthorne, Castor-oil and olive-
oil. This is inexpensive and a large bottle
should always be kept on hand. A spoonful
each every couple of weeks will keep the dogs
in good shape.

All dogs should be exercised daily. If for
show or working purposes, four or five miles
a day would not be deemed excessive, for the
more muscle you put upon the dog the better
he will look, and one would stand but a poor
chance in a show if he were crooked at the
pasterns and his feet were open and splayed.
For the larger and less active varieties, nothing
beats plenty of walking on the hard road.
Gun dogs require a lot of work if they are to
be kept fit and it is unreasonable te expect
them to stand a long day in the woods or the
fields if they have not been carefully prepared
beforehand. Training bird-dogs is almost

Soy Bean Meal has been introduced into
Canada of late years by H. White & Co.,
Ltd. of Shelburne, Ont. and so extensive has
the demand for this excellent dog food be-
come that this firm now import it in car lots.
Mr. R. M. Palmer in his book “All About

© ie Me SMEs AA a ee Se
ROD AND GUNIN CANADA

» oy

ms Pia

e mn
Ct '

an art in itself, not to be undertaken ligh
the man who is new to the game. It is
to put them in charge of proper trainers,

q

A daily grooming is essential to the well-
being of every dog. The animal should be .
gone over thoroughly with a dandy-brush,
and if he has a long coat, a comb should also
be used. For short-coated dogs there is
nothing better than a hair glove, and a good
rubbing down with bare hands will give a
beautiful polish. Frequent washing is not
called for, but in the case of a dog kept in the

months of real education and practice. ; es

house it may be desirable ever three or four
weeks. The dog] should be well dried
afterwards with clean towels, and if he has a v
run to restore circulation, so much the better. “4
In winter-time ordinary cooking flour, well — - ‘

dried in the oven and then rubbed thoroughly
into the coat, is an excellent cleansing agent,
and wood ashes, when obtainable, are even ~
brushed —

PPE Woe Sah

<P

better. They must, however, be well .
out, or any dampness, will make a nasty wa
sticky mess in the coat. Serious harm may
be occasioned by putting the animal in very
hot water. I have even heard of them fainting ”
under the operation. Let the bath, therefore,

only be lukewarm. ¥

Preparing a dog for a show demands a little
skill. In the first place he must be in sound ©
condition, brought about by good hard exer-
cise, and in the second place if he is to look his, se
best, he must be perfectly clean, with a bright,
shiny coat. Thereisnosecret aboutthis,itis
simply grooming hard day after day for about
a fortnight before the show, and then washing
the previous evening. It is astonishing the
difference such treatment will make in the ©
appearance of the animal, and it adds many ©
points to its value. The dog whose toilet
receives careful attention daily is not likely
to be much troubled with fleas and other
objectionable insects; nor is it right that it
should be, for the poor creature cannot be
expected to rest properly if constantly worried
by vermin. If, however, fleas are present, a
thorough washing is called for, one of the soaps
that are advertised for the purpose being used,
and the kennel should be washed out with hot
water and strong carbolic, the walls also being ©
freshly limewashed. Many people put car-
bolic acid in the bath, but this must be done —
with discretion, as the stuff is highly poisonous.
and can be absorbed through the skin.
infusion of quassia chips is also very deleter-
ious to insect life. Benzine or petroleum are
efficacious remedies for lice, but these are
rarely found on dogs that are kept under —
ordinary cleanly conditions. Ticks may be
got rid of by the same means. It is not often i
that they are found, but occasionally they —
bother sporting dogs. Be

i. Sout;
a i a ee.

es

ie

if ‘

y

i

Nate hn sete ts

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es

r

é. eer
hate tee ies lr

Llin th

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abel

Airedales’” recommends this meal very highly _
as a stable, poultry and kennel fode It 2s
claimed that no raw vegetable product, with
the exception of the peanut, contains sucha
high percentage of protein and fat in such

highly digestible form as the Soy Bean.

Se Pl Oo} Sty Se one Sere ee ge
NETS eS

~ ROD AND GUN IN CANADA _

wy

——
aN (eds
Ned Owed

a
fr pt

bs “No man |§-
~r ig a born

7. —s 4 Wwoodsman or
lag ’ Poke trapper z e Ss

ETON estes

x 20

=
oS

EST es ENE es ca AAALAC LA
ee

3 There is always something
more to learn.” 5

“Those who seek to be trappers today must in a measure, at least,
emulate the old-timers’ ways, and, profiting by the experience of others,
learn even to avoid their failures, yet achieve their successes. Life
is too short for universal personal experiment: the successful man
of today is the one who profits by the experience of others—reaps
a harvest or reward.”

cales

aaa

os
é

eo]

The above is an extract ’ In this book, Buzzacott ° iG
_- from Buzzacott’s second B shows you how to avoid =
volume, and all who uzzacott S others’ failures, and
have read his “Sports- achieve success where Jy)
man's Guide” know that failure would be certain oy

—

Cale?

t-
1, ) .

Buzzacott is the premier M a sterp 1ece had you not this master-
SS a I SE

writer of the great out- sportsman’s experience
doors. within your reach.

SPECIAL OFFERS — GET THIS BOOK FREE

By a special arrangement with the ser ensige of this great book we are en-
abled to make the following exceptional offers. These offers are made for a limit-
ed time and we advise everyone who wishes the book to take advantage of them
at once.

OFFER A
BUZZACOTT’S MASTERPIECE, Full Gilt Library Edition,
sent to any address in Canada, the United States or Great Britain,
Postpaid, for $1.75.
OFFER B
BUZZACOTT’S MASTERPIECE, together with an annual -
sec ntion to Rod and Gun, either new or renewal, postpaid,

OFFER C
BUZZACOTT’S MASTERPIECE, will be sent free to any-
one sending two new annual subscriptions to Rod and Gun, at
the regular subscription price, $1.50 per annum. Your own
subscription and that of one of your friends will be accepted.

ADDRESS

W. J. TAYLOR, Limited, PUBLISHER, WOODSTOCK, ONT.

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Answering Mr. Holmes’ Enquiry in the
November Issue ‘

The dog may be scratching from habit; a
few fleas may cause him to keep it up or even
worms. Again the blood may be too rich or
heating, causing the itching or it may be
impoverished causing poor condition of skin.
If the latter is the case, feed some raw meat.

A common cure is sulphur mixed in either
vaseline or lard apeeed to the skin. Feed and
dose to put the blood in good condition. A
dose of Epsom Salts is desirable which may be
followed by the following cooling mixture once
a day after food: Sulphate of magnesia 1%
oz.; sulphate of iron 1 scruple, bicarbonate of

otash 4 oz., water 8 oz., sweeten with sugar.
ose: large dog a tablespoonful; small dogs
teaspoonful.

Should the eczema persist it may be nec-
essary to put the dog under a treatment
of arsenic. Read up Glover’s or Spratt’s
booklets again on eczema and suitable feeding.

A Letter from a Dog Lover at Kitchener,
Ontario

Dear Editor :-—

I am much interested in your Kennel De-

partment as I consider it the most important
part of a sportsman’s kit. We find so many
sportsmen who don’t mind paying sixty
dollars for a gun but they wouldn’t pay more
than five dollars for a dog then when they
don’t get a couple of bags full of game they
blame everything they can lay their tongues
on. Get a man who keeps good dogs and
he can go out for a hunt and have all the sport
he could wish for though he may only get one
or two rabbits. He takes interest ir his dogs
and doesn’t measure the day’s sport by the
number of rabbits he gets.
When I moved here first while I was put-
ting up my Kennel fence one of the neighbors
was quite surprised to find out I was going to
make so large a place to eee 3 a couple of
beagles. He kept a dozen chickens in a pen
half the size and for a month in the springa
person might have thought he was trying to
teach them to swim.

We got talking about hunting so he asked
me how many rabbits I got last winter. I
told him I didn’t get any.

“Oh, I had pretty good luck, I got forty-
one” was his reply.

I told him right there and then if he knew
what was good for him or rather his pocket
he’d not let me catch him shooting rabbits
out of season.

He has never owned a dog but always has a
couple of ferrets and he was explaining to me
the good sport he used to have tracking up
rabbits in the snow and ferreting them out,
then either shooting them or hitting them over
the head with a stick. I asked him why he
didn’t buy some tame rabbits if he found so
much fun in killing them.

_Finally I got him balled up so badly he
didn’t know what to say next.

ame Pe ms

KENNEL ENQUIRIES

lass eet

I think it’s the duty of every true spo
to get right after fellows like this. If
don’t we’ll soon have to go out hunting tz
rabbits ourselves. , 2 ae

ee oon magazine and Kennel Depart- —
ment nothing but success, I am very tru
yours, ‘£

Steet

a field spaniel from = b:

back and in a few days was as bad as ev
It simply rotted although I got another
veterinary. He told me to make its bed in
pine shavings and gave me some medicine for
it.. I did not try the pine shavings however —
as the dog was too far gone. I finally sent it —
away to be destroyed and burned the kennel
it was in. Although I had an Irish spaniel
in a kennel not ten feet away from the other
dog all winter he did not get the disease.
Later I got another dog, the same kind, from —
the same place which went the same way.
The next dog I get is going to be “‘made in
Canada.” ow, this may not help your
reader’s dog, but it may save his owner a lot
of money and trouble if it decides him to send
his dog to the Happy Hunting Grounds. __
Yours truly, _
4 J. Gee
Toronto, Ont. {>

Editor, KENNEL DEPT.— >

questions. ;
(1) Could you tell me, how old must a di ae |
be before you must pay dog taxes for him, or __
can the collector make you pay taxes onthem —
supposing they are only a few days old? ~
Please let me know if there is any certainage
set, when after that age they can collect the
taxes. Same

(2) Can a tax collector collect dog taxes —
any time in the year that he wants to, ashere
we keep our dogs shut up from May until
October, or can the town make a law of t
own, with regard to when the taxes are ti
collected. cc

(3) How long must you have a dog
possession before they can compel you
taxes on them or can they make you.

We

The evolution of the motorboat. _
Various types of motor boats in

common use.
The Built to Order, Stock and Knock

Down Boat.

How to select amotor boat. _

Points to be observed in buying a
second-hand boat.

How to build a motor boat.

Smoothing off
Hew to

aint a motor boat.
How to all a marine motor.

No Motor Boatman Should Be Without a Co
of This Reference Book, Price $1.25.

If you own a motor boat or ever expect to, you should not be without a copy of this
book. It costs o..i1y $1.25, but its worth cannot be estimated. It is endorsed. by the
leading boat and engme manufacturers, motor boating publications and boatclubs The

Encyclopedia, said:
be published.
is invaluable.

“We never expected that such a useful, practical book, would ever
Instead of $1.25 you ought to charge $5.00. The information it contains

MOTOR CRAFT ENCYCLOPEDIA

The Standard Hand Book on Boats and Engines

Written in popular language from a non-technical standpoint. Contains over 150
pases of valuable information. Twenty-seven chapters, covering every phase of motor
oating. Tells a thousand-and-one things every motor boatman should know. Helps you
to overcome all motor boat and engine troubles. Handsomely illustrated and bound in
attractive three-color stiff board cover. A useful reference book for any library.

ISUMMARYjOFICONTENTS,

The history of the internal combus- Distress signals.
tion motor. Harbor regulations.
Explanation of two and four-cycle U. S. Life Prien J Service Signals.
motor. j _ National Motor Boat Bill.
Internal combustion motor auxiliar- What to do in case of accident.
ies and their functions. Rules for determining horse power.
How to operate an internal combus- How to lay up boat and engine for
tion motor. the winter. E
Engine trouble How to remove carbon deposits, and
Propeller wheels. other useful receipts.
Reversible equipment. How to build a motor ice boat.
Furnishings and fittings. Dictionary of Motor Craft terms.
Navigation rules.

calking.

TROUBLE CHART—Enables you to locate any ordinary engine trouble with dispatch

This is a v

elessified index of manufacturers and supply houses of everything needed by the motor boatman.
get what you want. Describes and illustrates many of the latest and best things on the market.

Address Orders to Book Department

“WHERE TO GET WHAT YOU WANT” SECTION

useful feature for anyone interested in the purchase of a motor boat or equipment. It gives a
where to

W. J. TAYLOR, LTD., PUBLISHER, Woodstock, Ont.

PY

largest firm of marine engine builders in the world, after reading a an of Motor Craft §

“GARAGES AND HOW TO
BUILD THEM”

Every Auto owner is vitally interested in the subject of where to keep his machine.
The most convenient place is on your own property in a private garage, the
architecture of which is in keeping with your house.

This large 158-page book is the only one of its
kind and shows a standard collection of New,
Original and Artistic designs for up-to-date Priv-
ate and Public Garages adapted to Frame,
Brick, Stone, Cement, Stucco, or Concrete Cop-
struction, together with Estimates of Cost.

55 DESIGNS OF GARAGES are shown by per-
spective views and floor plans giving dimensions,
etc. Also remarks on Garage Construction,
explaining the advantages o1 each form of con-
struction and giving details about the manner of
erection, selection of materials, hints on super-
vision, etc.

There is also an extensive chapter on Garage
Equipment and Accessories in which is des-
cribed the construction and operation of turn
tables; gasoline storage and pumping; oil cabin-
ets; constructing a repair bench and tool cabin-
ets; lockers; rules to prevent freezing of water
in cylinders, radiators, etc.; washing apparatus;
lighting apparatus; etc.

It is just the book to give you important points
and ideas if you are about to build a garage. Its
information will save you money.

A Brand New Book, Elaborately Illustrated, Artist-

ically Bound, Price $1.00, Postpaid.

Address:

W. J. TAYLOR, LIMITED, WOODSTOCK, ONTARIO

§20

tax if you only have them a few days or a
few weeks.—K. R.

Answering the enquiries of K. R. | These
questions are on legal matters and in this
connection our correspondent should look up
the Ontario Statutes. The Ontario Statutes
give municipalities under a hundred thousand

opulation power to tax dogs $1.00 and
Bitches $3.00. On kennels the tax is $10 and
the fancier can keep any number but they
must be registered stock. There is no age
limit set on a pup as to when it becomes
taxable. A municipality should use judg-
ment in this when framing the dog by-law.
Some municipalities make the age three
months, some make it six months, Six
months is most reasonable. If a lawyer or
judge wanted authoritative information on
this point he would naturally look to the
Canadian Kennel Club, The C. K. C. ruling
is that a dog is in the puppy class until it is
one year old.

Taxes are for the calendar year. Whena
dog tax is paid it is good on that dog for the
year even if shat dog is moved to another
municipality.“ It is good in Ontario, that is,
if its tax was paid in an Ontario municipality.
If one gets a dog from another municipality
and its taxes are paid get a transfer receipt
and you won’t have to pay on it any more for
that year. If its taxes are not paid your local
collector can collect them.

A tax collector can collect taxes any time.
According to the statutes taxes on all dogs
must be paid so I suppose a collector has a
right tc know if a dog’s taxes are paid and if
not assess it, so that in buying or selling a dog

ae petted us bv. he Lek Fm A bs.
ROD AND GUN IN CANADA”

ee ah all

©

the value of the taxes should be added
ducted according to whether they are unp: 6
or paid. |
nswering correspondents who have “u-) i
quired re importing and registering dogs. In —
importing a dog from the United States if you
wish to have it registered in Canada have the —
one from whom you are buying it register it
in the American Kennel Club in your name.
Then send this certificate of registration in the _
A. K. C. and the dose pedigree to the account- ae
ant of the National Live Stock Records, Dept.
of Agriculture, Ottawa and you will be given
Canadian registration without further ques- =},
tion. For further information write the
above named official, ne stamps need be en-
closed when writing him. After the year 1916
no dogs can be registered unless their sire and
dam are registered so if you want your do
registered get busy before the year is out ori
you are having pups from unregistered dogs
have the parents registered at once. Be
Anyone registering two or three dogs or a ea:
litter will find it will pay them to become
members of the Canadian Kennel Club for the
privileges and reduced fees will counterbal-

ance the amount it costs you to joim. For
further particulars address the C. K. C.,, th
774% Yonge St., Toronto, Ont. ot

We are pleased to receive an appre

of our gun dog article in Sept. number (from
a Port Hope subscriber). He has been breed-
ing for a number of years a cross between the ~"§
Irish setter and Cocker spaniel which he ~~
finds very useful. We will give a cut of his “f
dog in a future issue and an account of his

capacity as an all round gun dog.

nw

BZA
ay:

SS

“‘Joys of the Outside Life.”’
Editor, ROD AND GUN:—
Last November my friend and I went up to
Harrison Hot Springs from Vancouver to
enjoy a little duck shooting.

We arrived at our destination to find our
friend the store-keeper, with a big dinner
waiting for us. We sure did feel better atter
dinner, for the trip made us tired and hungry,
and we had had nothing to eat since early
morning. We helped clean up after the
dinner, and got our pack put away, and then
passed the rest of the evening at the Hot
Springs bathing plunge.

We came home intending to go to bed, but
when we got home a friend of ours had rowed
over from the hatchery, so we played cards

until it got quite late. Then we decided to

et yi py

: i sin i . =a e
Alef Ay! pS ; a 4

stay awake all night,.so we played ecards :
again. Be ae

About two o’clock, we thought it time to ee
get our shooting apparel ready, so we left {
the house and went over to the “Barna- s
wartha,”’ cottage, and got two of my boats ]
out and brought them over to the store. We ©
then got two gas tins and cut one side out, —
and put a lantern inside, for we were going to
go down the Harrison River to Morris Creek
and get the early morning flight, and also
shoot with the bright light on the river. We
could hear the ducks, but could not see them.

It got quite cold, so we thought we would
stop and light a fire on shore, but it had been
raining, and there was no dry wood, so we
had to hunt around for some, under stumps,
etc. but one of the boys came across an old
Indian Shack, deserted long ago and 2

A Manual of Practical Information
For Sportsmen of Today

By Henry Sharp

Author of “The Gun A field and Afloat,” ‘Practical Wildfowling,” Etc.

WITH OVER 250 ILLUSTRATIONS

CHAP. II.—MODERN SHOTGUNS..
Barrels, Actions, Fore-end Fasten-
ing. Locks—fixed and hand de-
tachable.

CHAP. III.—MODERN SHOTGUNS
SE aepoll ; :
afety-bolts, Ejector, One-Trigger ..

CHAP. IV.—MODERN SHOTGUNS
( Continued )
The Processes of Manufacture and
The Gun Complete.

CHAP. V.—MODERN SHOTGUNS
ug Bae eae See
izes, aan Weights and Char-

gc: Boring, Shooting-Power and
erformances, Pattern, Penetration
and Recoil.

CHAP. VI.—SHOTGUN AMMUNI-

eeee eee eee e eee eevee

22

92

SSS eso are 121

Cartridges and Cartridge-Loading,
Primers, Gunpowder, Powder
Pressures, and Barrel Bursts. Shot
Velocity and Sizes.

ene VII.—MODERN SPORTING

MME CR L's cktuaaa sens on a = oe 162

CHAP. VIII.—MODERN SPORTING
RIFLES ( Continued) ............
Single-loading, Magazine,
MICS, Seki cee eae cs

CHAP. IX.—THE NEW ACCELER-
ATED EXPRESS RIFLES AND
Ase POWDER ............---

CHAP. XII.—SPORTING
LETS

CHAP. XVII.— THE

CHAP. X.—BALL AND SHOT

on AND THEIR DEVELOP-

ed

CHAP. XI.—THE SIGHTING ae

RIFLES
Trajectory.

seer eee ee er ee ee eeereeeees

BUL-

eeeeer eee ee eee ees ee eer ee eeees

CHAP. XIII.—MINIATURE ba

FOR MATCH, TARGE
SPORTING PURPOSES

CHAP. XIV.—GUN-FITTING .....

The Try-Gun and its Uses, Stock
Form and Measurements. Second-
hand Gun-Buying.

CHAP. XV.--GAME SHOOTING IN
N 373

GREAT BRITAI

eeereese sees eee

CHAP XVI.—WILD FOWL SHOOT-
ING IN GREAT BRITAIN ....... 410

The Various Guns and

Loads.

Species,

SPORTS-
WOMAN; HER RATIONALE IN
THE FIELD AND HER EQUIP-
MENT

oo a © 66 0.0 Bo '0. 0/0) s- 6 © 6 610 Sie el eae

2

FI
(By ihe Duchess of Bedford ).

CHAP. XIX.—SHOOTING ABROAD446

The Necessary Armament; The
Import Duties on Guns, Rifles and
Cartridges; The Sport to be Ob-
tained; Arms Suitable for Killing
Big Game.

Will be sent postpaid on receipt of price, $2.00
Address: BOOK DEPT., ROD AND GUN IN CANADA, WOODSTOCK, ONT.

§22

ling to pieces, and we got some dry cedar from
here. When we got the fire started nicely
and began to get warm, I looked at my watch
and saw that it would be light soon, and we

would miss the morning flight, so we got in
our boats and went down the river half a mile,
and then turned into Morris Creek. Just as
we were going in a big bunch of Mallards
came swooping along past the boat, and we
all let fire and got about nine out of that
flock. Then we went along the Creek further

and shot there all day.

We returned home the same day, and you
can bet we had our shooting coats full and
also had game hanging over our guns. We
lived on ducks for the next week, and gave,
and also sent, ducks to our friends.

That ended our journey very happily,
and when we got home in the City we were
ready for another shooting expedition.

; Yours truly,
Geo. Sproule.

N.B.—The letter that accompanies this
says: “I am sending you an account of one
of my shooting trips. I am not an author or
anything like that, just plain boy, aged 16.

Editor, ROD AND GUN:-—

Enclosed please find express money order
for subscription to Rod and Gun in Canada.

I cannot convey in this letter my pleasure
on receipt of your magazine” each month.
It carries me back to days long past in dear
old Ontario and especially around the Ka-
wartha Lakes, the Otonobee River and Rice
Lake region. Not that the other matter
does not interest me for I read the Rod and
Gun from cover to cover each month. It is as
if I had met an old-time friend and no one
can understand the feeling unless he has
experienced a similar situation.

There are many things I would like to
write but space and present time will not
permit but I certainly wish you a long life
to Rod and Gun and should you be com-
pelled to increase the subscription price
owing to present unlooked for circumstances
count me in as satisfied. With kindest re-
gards, I remain,

Yours very truly,
Geo. B. Sproule.
Helena, Mont.

Editor, ROD AND GUN:—

_I am enclosing you a snapshot of a cougar
killed at Campbell River, last Monday,
(October 2nd), by C. Stamey, one of the
crew in our logging camp. A week previous
to the killing the writer was awakened one
night by hearing two cougars fighting over
something they had killed, or perhaps a bone
taken from around camp by some of the dogs.
I remained out in my night-shirt listening
to them until chilled with the cold air. Fin-
ally I concluded the fight was between two
young bears as it was not over 150 yards
from camp to where they were quarreling.
On Monday the yarding crew were running
out the haulback line of the yarding donkey
engine and in doing so had Mr. Cougar within
the circle of the line and when they began
hauling logs the cougar was seen by one of
the men and he called to the rest of the crew,
seven in all, who surrounded the cougar

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

as the Irish soldier surrounded the German

and took him prisoner. C. Stamey ran up
to camp for his rifle while the rest of the
crew kept the cougar at bay until he return-
ed with the gun.
shot, its mate escaping. The cougar that
was killed was about a year or so old. The
mysterious part of the story is why those
two cougars should remain for such @ long
time near the camp where the crew were yard-
ing logs every day for over a week unless they
were waiting their chance at two small dogs
we had at camp. The country around
Campbell River is full of deer, which are
more easily caught by a cougar than a dog
would be.
Yours truly,
Campbell River, B.C, » OB

Note.—We_regret that the snapshot re-
ferred to wasjnot clear enough for reproduc-
tion.

Editeur, ROD AND GUN:—

Enclosed find a P. O. order for $1.50 for
a year’s subscription to Rod and Gun, which
we certainly could not do without. I am
enclosing you a photo of a coyote and a jack

The cougar was then

rabbit killed by my partner with a .22 long ©

cartridge in a 1906 model Winchester repeat-
er, at 156 and 97 yards respectively, one
shot to each of them.

I also enclose you a photo of our shack
in the northern woods of Saskatchewan and
a survey trail; also a picture of our game,
taken after we got back home.

We especially enjoyed your October num-
ber of Rod and Gun ana think the magazine
improves every year and worth more than
it costs.

Wishing Rod and Gun every success, I am,

Very trul
Drinkwater, Sask. Box 71.H.

yc Mekeae

Oe ae rc ie ts te Bg Be Oe Re
oy sige alae) rer +e a Mee eute fax Ce phat hee

D GUN IN CANADA _

OD-Al

>A NEW PREMIUM OFFER

An Opportunity to secure FREE a Beautiful Oil Painting eS

We have the originals of the oil paintings executed by our cover design
artist, F. V. Williams, during the past year and have decided to give our sub-
scribers the opportunity of securing one of these FREE. Mr. Williams excells
in reproductions of Big Game Hunting, Canoeing, Fishing, Camping, etc. and

r his cover designs reproduce with skill and fidelity Canadian outdoor life in its
varied phases. ; \

Your Den’s Attractiveness May Be Greatly Enhanced by One of These |

The paintings are of generous proportions being 19 in. deep by 14 in. in
width. The reproductions give a hint as to the coloring and quality of the
work but no reproduction can of course compare with the original painting.
The original of any one of the paintings which Mr. Williams has done for us as -
= as the original of the November and subsequent covers may be procured :
y you

For Twenty-Five New Subscriptions

Look through your fyles for the past year and choose the design that
appeals to you most. Then write us without delay of your selection and at
_the same time ask for sample copies and subscription blanks which will be sent

ou promptly. Interest your friends in Rod and Gun as a Christmas gift.

‘ou should be able to secure a nice number of subscriptions from sportsmen
who would like to remember their friends by sending them a year’s subscrip-
tion'to ROD AND GUN, Canada’s leading magazine of outdoor life.

Address yeur application for copies and blanks to

Premium Dept. | Rod and Gun in Canada © Woodstock, Ont.

ANADA’S leading sportsman’s re cara “Rop AND
Gun” is being besieged by requests for information, the
result of the interest created by the splendid articles

The Culture of Black

qd Sil F & that have appeared in recent issues.
an liver oxes To meet this demand, the publishers are issuing the articles
By R.B. and L. V in book form, in which enthusiasts are given valuable and
y K.B. and Lb. Vv. hitherto unknown information about foxes, under the fol-
Croft, B.A., M.D. lowing heads; Introduction, Heredity, Origin, Breed-

ing, Mating and Gestation, Pens and Dens, Food and
Feeding, Food and Care, Value.

The volume is_ ars illustrated with pictures taken
frem life, and doubtless be eagerly received by everyone
interested in the profitable raising of this valuable animal.

Mailed to any address upon receipt of}price—66c postpaid.

W. J. Taylor Ltd., Publishers
WOODSTOCK - ONTARIO

AUTOMOBILE MOTORS AND MECHANISM

Pocket size, 265 pp., blue flexible leather, fully illustrated

CONTENTS—tThe internal combustion engine. Principles and construction. A
typical modern motor, The centrifugal governor, The hit-or-miss governor, Car-
buretors, The float feed principle, The float chamber and jet, Various types of modern
construction, Quality of mixture, Flooding the carburetor, Carburetor troubles and
adjustments etc., Gear or Gearing, Belt and Chain Gearing, Friction gear Spur on
tooth gearing, Differential or balance gear, Shafts and their functions, The crank-
shaft, half speed shaft, countershaft, ete., Lubrication and Lubricators, Pumps and
their purposes, Motor misfiring, causes and remedies, Noises in the Motor, causes
and remedies, Motor overheating, causes and remedies, Electric motors, principles
and operation, Steam cars, The engine, generator, reverse gear, etc.

Prices: Flexible Leather........ $1.50. Cloth Bimding........ $1.00.

ADDRESS ALL ORDERS TO

W. J. TAYLOR, LIMITED Woodstock, Ontario

824

Editor, ROD AND GUN:— ;

In the year 1865 the writer completed his
apprenticeship as a blacksmith in the village
of Langton which was in the midst of an
extensive lumbering district. <A veritable
hunter’s paradise this district was at that
date and every day I heard of deer being
slain within a few miles of the village. How
I longed to bring one in, but I had no gun.

About this time I heard of a rifle that was
for sale in one of the nearby lumbering camps
so after six one night I walked out two miles
and bought the gun which was a beauty.
It was of English make, took one hundred
to the pound and I could nail a cap box at
one hundred yards but was not reliable much
beyond that.

A few days after I started for a hunt.
I shall never forget that day. A few miles
to the north there was an extensive tamar-
ack swamp where game was reported plenti-
ful. On my way I was met by one of the
camp foremen who offered to board me and
pay for all the deer I killed.

» On reaching the swamp I found it had been
swept by a tornado and every tree was blown
down for about a quarter of a mile in width
as far as you could see. I started to cross
by oning trees, first one way and then
another. Suddenly a deer jumped up close
to me, I was then about eight feet from the

ound on a small tree and as I turned and |

ired the tree swayed and I was thrown off.
I found myself in a somewhat cooped up
position and unable to reload. In the mean-
time the deer would lower his head and charge
toward me and I expected he would try to
horn me out. I was not kept long in sus-
pense, however, as he soon made a rush
and jumped over the tree. I was as pleased
to see him go as he was to part company
with me.

On looking over the place I discovered a
number of beds. Plainly this was his re-
treat. There was only one way out and
I reached home tired and with no game.

The next morning the boss and I had some
words and we parted company, I going out
south-west to Gardiner’s Mill to hunt for
the foreman I had talked to on my previous
hunt. The bunks were all made so I im-
provised a shake-down by the stove. One
of the hands filled the stove full of dry pine
and when I awoke I was nearly roasted.

Among the contributors to Rod and Gun
whose names appear in a recent issue of
“Who’s Who and Why” an “anthology of
successful Canadian men and women,” are
those of Reginald Gourlay of Picton, Ont.
and Mrs. Jonathan Talcott (Charlotte Carson
Talcott) of Bloomfield, Ont.

Reginald Gourlay, whose biography ap-
pears therein, has for some years been well
and favorably known in Canada as a writer
of prose and verse. He has contributed to
many English and American magazines in-
cluding ‘The Century,” ‘Harper’s”’, ‘The

: : ers;
Review of Reviews,” ‘“‘Boy’s Own Paper’,

ROD AND GUN IN

Eee ees

Noh Saenn
CANADA

Peat

‘ ‘ rh
The stove was red hot and the pipe red ne:
to the ceiling. I could hear the men snick
ing. I walked to the water bench and taking ~
a pail of water dashed it onto the stove. —
You can imagine the steam that arose and
the ashes that flew out from the stove. Soon —
they were all sneezing and swearing dire —
vengeance on me. en I went to dress —
next morning I could not find my socks. —
The foreman said their absence was no doubt
due to some of the boys’ tricks and I could —
get another pair at the office for fifty.cents. oa
That same day I killed a doe. I took her
by the jaw and drew her a few rods. This —
was too much, however, so I went in and ~
got help and brought it in. I found it very —|
rough going. Smarting under the sock steal
I determined to get even. Getting a good
sized stone ready and a bag from the stable
about 12 o’clock I picked off the line about
fifteen pairs of socks, putting them in the
bag. I then slipped out, putting the stone
in the bag and went down to the pond and
dumped them in by daylight. Some time
I may give a better account for I have had
my share of big game.

Yours truly,
John Dowswell.

%

rw ae ‘
ts OR ys xf
pn f
ot. ef Fare 2426

J Le ane ae
Wa* Cy SD Oe ae

Editor, ROD AND GUN:— =
I am a boy twelve se old and read your
magazine each month. I thought I would
like to tell you about the partridge shoot i
I had with two friends some time ago. We 2
left on Saturday morning for the woods —
which when we reached we saw three part-
ridges. Each of the men who were with ~
me got one and after this not seeing any
more we decided to have lunch. Afterlunch
we thought we would have a look round. a &
We therefore separated, one of the men go-

: fe

ing back part of the way we had come in ae
the morning. He had a 12 gauge gun and 2
succeeded in getting three partridges while 4
the other man and I got two, one apiece.
I had a .22 and he had a .44-40. We then
went on ahead and got two more while the 3

man who had separated from us also got
another. We had some more lunch and I~
got two more partridge while the man with
the .44-40 got one which made our day’s —
bag fourteen in all. I am going to try again
with a dog.
Yours truly, — et

Crosspoint, P. Q. Robert Busteed.

Cast AON wht ah

oS) ae ed

“‘Youth’s Companion,” ‘‘Broadway,” etc.
He is author of ‘““The Necklace of Pandura”
and his romance, ‘“The Tower of Fire” is now
being published in New York. An article
on “Passing Game Birds” by Mr. Gourlay —
will appear in the January issue of Rod and

un. av

Mrs. Talcott has contributed to various
Canadian periodicals among them ‘‘Woman’s
Century,” the organ of the National Council ;
of Women in Canada. Mrs. Talcott is a
native of Prince Edward County, Ont. an
has occasionally written for Rod and Gu
magazine.

‘

Preserve Your Outins ©
In an Oil An Ideal Decoration For
Paintin Your Den or Office.

Als = oe ND in after years, you and your friends
cM SE will take great delight in this permanent
reminder of that pleasant sojourn you
spent in the Canadian wilds—or wherever you
went. Your camera snap-shots have possibly
not done your trip justice. At any rate, they
missed the vivid colorings of the woods, the
sky and the water.

Rod &Gun’s Artist Can Reproduce Your Trip Trueto Life

In Oil, Pen and Ink Sketch, or Wash Drawing.

He can illustrate that incident which stands out prominently in your
memory, just as it actually happened—full of life and action.

F V WILLI AM Painter of the Out-of-Doors, Designer
° 8 and Producer of Rod and Gun’s Covers
You know his work—you see it every month He will do this, either from descriptive mat-
on the cover of this magazine. He excels in _ ter furnished by the sportsman, or from his
reproductions of Big Game Hunting, Canoeing, snap-shots, or better still, from a combina-
Mountain Climbing, Fishing—any and all of _ tion of both. You'll be delighted with the

the vast number of subjects offered by the result and number the picture among your
great Outdoors. Den’s treasured articles.

Send us the details and photos; we’ll turn them over to the artist.He'll work for
you just as well as;he does for us. And the price will he moderate. Address—

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

WOODSTOCK, ONTARIO

Automobile Troubles and How to Remedy Them

By CHARLES P. ROOT

CONTENTS—Back firing, Blow-back of gas into carburetor, Popping noises, Buzz in
coil (other than contact breaker buzz), clatter and grind in gear box, Compression, faulty,
Compressien, none, Explosions, Irre or uncertain running, Metallic or puffing noises,
Misfires, Resistance slight when operating starting handle, Start, failure to, Steering er-
ratic, Stoppage of engine, Water escapes, Air lock, Batteries, Bearings, Bent axle, Brakes,
Carburation, aati Speed gear, Clutch, Coil, peer ip Aches or crank shaft broken,
Contact breaker ( High tension magneto), Contact maker, ock in bearings generally or
-in Transmission system. Leaks: Loss of power, Gear, Governor, Hunting, Ignition, Lub-
rication, Misfires, Muffler troubles, Noise, Overheating, Pipes burst out or fractured,
Piston troubles, Popping in carburetor, Pressure leaking (in case of pressure feed) Pre-
ition, Short circuits. Spark plug, Steam bound or air lock, Steering, Supply pipe
choked, Tining, Tires, Valves, Valve springs, Water circulation, Wheels.

Prices: Flexible Leather.......... $1.50 Cloth Binding.......... $1.06

WOODSTOCK, ONT.

ie ee mek tot ke a Ee Ye ee! ET ee
ae ae = ‘ oa ee a SR ee.
~ ROD AND GUN IN CANADA enamels hase

”
6
“)

FOR SALE, WANT AND

EXCHANGE DEPT.

ACCESSORIES

FOR SALE—Set of Electric automobile lamps, twe side
and one tail. Never been used. Box L. ROD AND GUN
Woodstock, Ontario. TE

ANTIQUE FIREARMS

ANTIQUE pistols, blunderbus-
ses, cross bows, fine perfect.
Armour, swords, daggers. °o
catalog. Good photos. State
requirements. len, The Fa-
cade, Charing Cross, London,
Eng. 12 2T

Buy, sell, exchange all sorts old-time and modern Fire-
arms, Stephen Van Rensselaer, Antiques, 22 East 34th
St., New York. 6-14T

BIRDS AND ANIMALS.

FOR SALE—Best ality ranch raised mink, alse
Canada wild geese. Nelsen Waldron. Tyne Valley, Prince
Edward Island. J6T

WE HAVE FOR SALE a
trout. Very finest quel.
ne same. Apply O. J.

nt.

uantity of nine months’ old

lendid chance for perso
alker, Inglewood, P. O.
103T

Special—60 letterheads, and 60 en-
75c. White

amples, lists, etc.—
02c Address—The Shady Fur Farming Co., Springfield
Minn., U.S.A. 12-1T

FOR SALE.—One Cee of black bear cubs, three pair
fisher, one tame red fox. Jim Marshall, Sunstrum,
Ontario, via Souxlookout. 12-1T

FOR SALE—Pair red foxes. W. A. Dent, Box 305,
Woodstock, Ont. 12-1T

DOGS.

HIGH CLASS PEDIGREED English Beagles, all
3c see cs

FOR SALE—Exceptionally high class Irish Water
a 5 months old, by Champion Imported Bally-
Mike ex Lady Venus she litter sister to Hooker Oak
Hogan, winner at the last San Francisco Show. What
better do you want. Get busy. Guaranteed. H. R.
French, Wetaskiwin, Alta.

TRAINED HOUNDS—Neewegian bearhounds,
Irish wolf hounds , Blood hounds, Foxhounds,
Deer, Cat, Wolf and Coon dogs. Absolute guar
antee, trial allowed, purchaser alone to judge, no
+ questions asked, money refunded. Fifty-page
ae ustrated catalogue five-cent stamp. Rookwood
Kennels, Lexington, Ky. 12

The Blue Grass Farm Kennels of Berry, Ky., offer for
sale setters and pointers, fox and cat hounds, wolf and deer
hounds, coon and opossum hounds, varmint and rabbit
hounds, bear and lion hounds. Also Airedale terriers.
All dogs shipped on trial, purchaser alone to judge the
ey. Satisfaction guaranteed, or money refunded.

page illustrated, instructive and interesting catalogue for
ten cents in stamps or coin. 7tf

:

Advertisements will be |
inserted in this Department
at 4c. a werd. Send re
mittance with erder. Cepy
sheuld not be later than
the 10th ef the month.

BOOK ON mitered
(RE. » [DOG DISEASES a
4 | And How to Feed

Ny Mailed free to any address by

America’s the Author

Pioneer H. CLAY GLOVER CO., Inc.
Dog Remedies } 118 West 31st Street, New York

MANGEE&*ze™2: ear canker, goitre, cured or no ¢ :
Write for particulars describing the trouble,
Eczema Remedy Company, Hot Springs, Arx. 1 .

mange, eczema and ear canker. Price 50c repaid,
Concordia, Kennels, Concord, Mass. ie i va
AIREDALES FOR alee Mt high class
uppies ready for deliv: i -Weather, dam,
‘epsy-T . Write for -. B We
benk, Qu e, Sask.

FOR SALE.—One Harrier 14 months’. old and one

MINERALINE—A thoroughly tested remedy for

, sire, Storm
klet if interested

foxhound pup 8 months’ old. Moles, farm raised. Apply
John A. Rigas. Merton, Ont. 101

FOR SALE.—Chesapeake = p Sired by Joe “B”
The Dam, Felt’s ‘‘Bluebell’’ Bluebell’s Sire is Tony ““T’”

Finest regi
Findlater Sask.

FOR SALE—6 Foxhounds, broken on Deer, Fox and
Rabbits, prices $10 to $20. 2 Boston Terrier Dogs, one
ear old, 1 Brood Bitch, 2 years, in whelp te Champion.

H. Ross, Waterloo, Ont. i ;

COONHOUNDS, Deerhounds, Rabbithounds, Fex and
Wolfhounds, good lookers and good workers, Walker and
July strains. Trained and untrained. Ten days’ trial
allowed. J. E. Adams, Herrick, Ill. - 102%:

rabbit, coon and fox.
Ont.

Bawden, Druggist, Ridgetown, Ontario, is offering
some snaps in Airedale puppies from the noted Caerphill
strain, the best in America, and prices most reasonable.
Breeders please note the grand Stud dog Crack Performer.
Ask for particulars. 12-1T

FOR SALE—Splendid Llewellin. English, Irish, Gordon
setter pups and trained dogs, pointers, spaniels and re-
trievers in pups and trained dogs. Enclose stamp fer
description. Thoroughbred Kennels, Atlantic. Iowa.

FOR SALE.—English Fox Hound Puppies from Reg-
istered imported stock. Field trial and show ben
winners. J. R. Tennant, Princeton, Ont. 12-1

FOR SALE.—Rabbit hounds, the hunting strain. Few 3 ;
pups left. Also ferrets for sale, either color. Get yours

now. L. Walters, Norwich, Ont. 10-T.F.

A couple of Irish water spaniels left to clear at $8.00,
male or female. Also registered Airedales, females at
$12.00. Producers of champions. Canuck
(Reg.) Lindsay, Ontario.

Ke tS oe: ae a8
i asl AND“LAUNCHES.

inden te two cycle, oe, three and

le. All ne Write for
horse power ane te box L.
/ GUN, Woodstock, Ont. TF

i “FOR SALE—23ft. Semi-speed launch, beam 4 feet
3 inches, finished ready for engine. This is a new launch,
_ pew ready for delivery. For further particulars, etc.
_ write Box F. Rod and Gun, Woodstock, Ont. tf

FOR SALE—Semi Speed Square, or Round Transom ‘

and Compromise stern Hulls, finished ready for engine, up
to 30 ft. length. New. Will sell cheap. Box A. Rod and
~ Gun in Canada. Weodstock, Ont. TF

FISHING TACKLE.

’ FOR SALE—Several Fly and Trolling Rods, absolutely
new. Will sell cheap. Box L. ROD AND GUN,
Woodstock, Ont. TF

GUNS

ERR SALE—Fox Gun, grade B. Apply H. A. McCharles,
cknow, Ontario.

WANTED—Savage 22 high | power rifle, must be in
d_ condition. Puntied stating price to J. C. Adams,
anion P.O., 12-1T

FOR SALE—Brand New 1911 Model Winchester Rgio-

© matic 12 quae 3 = n. Six shots, straight stock, full

choke. Will sell for $42. Guaranteed in

as perfect Sitio’ as the day it left the factory. Box 70,
Rod and Gun, Woodstock, Out.

UNNERS—A BARGAIN.—Mullins sheet metal

eanvas =— and corer ‘orSear cart for cen-
sepia bes - Benes is new shape. Cost over $50.00,
1 doz. Maward, 1 doz. R d,
2 Blue Bal baw) eo carved and painted bya profes-
sional, tely in new condition. alf males and ie
mates. 65 cents each. The duck shooter

bargain Ma buy these now. Robt. Hodgson, Raglan, Ont.

JA BARGAIN IN SHOT GUNS

I have been able to get hold of a few
| PERFECTLY NEW, THOROUGHLY
| TESTED, TOBIN _ Double-barreled
Hammerless Shot Guns at a very low
price. Regular $35.00 grade! can let
you have for $20.00, cash with the
order, or C. O, D. with privilege of
examination. -:- -1- -!- -I-

W. H. MARTIN
- WOODSTOGK, ONT.

SPORTING COODS DEALER,

Newfoundland dealers in cod liver esti-
mate that they must face a loss of about a
_ MInillion dollars as a result of changed con-
_ ditions in the market this. year. When
Germany last year purchased the Norwegian
_ output of this product, the price of New-
-__ foundland oil ran up from 50 cents to $2.50
agallon. Expecting big profits this season
+ a large number of persons entered the business
in this colony.

Their hopes were dashed when the British
and French Governments succeeded in ob-
_ taining this year’s Norwegian output forcing
___ a fifty per cent. cut in market prices. As the

, sis - dealers bought the raw material at high cost

~~

SPECIALS

ECZEM A Psoriasis, cancer,

old sores, catarrh,
eyes, rheumatism, neuralgia, stiff joints, piles, cured
no charge. Write for particulars and free sample.
Remedy Co.,

Hot Springs, Ark.

FOR SALE—Several Beers Thermostats. This is 2
automatic apparatus for opening and closing the dampers:
your furnace, hot water heater, or a a Daler at
the moment when they should be or closed. thus
keeping the temperature of your pag uniform through

every hour of the day and night. Savescoal. Saves worry.
These Thermostats can be installed by anyone who cam
handle a hammer. screw driver and auger. Write for fur-

ther particulars to Box L.,. ROD AND GUN, W.
Ont.
AND GUNS

T Ri A P AT FACTORY PRICES

ces for Furs, and sell you Tra) FREE
bed vag =a eta t FACTORY FRI Sige Piescas oF | =

eatatda. Tr GU d@ Fur Pri :

E. A. STEPHENS ry 0. err Stephens Bullding, DENYER, cole.

FOR SALE—Finest speckled trout
etc., at the private ae of th A. = Pa Let Sikeer

Creek, Caledon. Address, . Robinson, Claude Ont.
FOR SALE.—Army saddle, fine condition, $10. Al.
Talbot, Tessierville, Que. 10-T

FOR SALE—One of the best known wholesale and retail
bait manufacturing businesses in America. Hundreds
of dollars worth of orders on hand Will sell for less than
profits. A few hundred dollars placed in this business will
pay well. No time to answer curiosity seekers, so do not
answer unless you are prepared to act if proof is furnished.

Lock Box No. 241, Stanwood,lowa.

FOR BIG GAME HUNTING AND ALPINING in the
mountains of Central British Columbia; by pack train.
You are sure of good sport in my section. =
Mountaineer, Hunter and Guide. McBride, B. C. 25

TRAPPER POISON.—Use Goes’ Liquid Poison Cap-
sules; kill animals on spot. Eleventh season in market
with excellent results. Write for free circulars. Edmun

Goes, Milwaukee, Wis., S**tion 12-1T

FOR SALE feo KDown as the Bracebridge
Launch Works Bracebridge, Ont. Also complete stock
of machinery, launches, and pa eee at greatly ee
prices. Reasons for selling, ill health. Apply, W. W.
Kinsey, Box 514, Bracebridge, Ont. 12-1T

TAXIDERMY AND TANNING

FOR SALE—Pair white swans, fully Sg Will
—_ cheap for cash. Box L., ROD AND GUN, Weodsteck

FOR SALE—Moose Head, fine specimen excelicnt taut con-
a: Apply Box L.. ROD AND GUN, Woodstock

FOR SALE—Handsome Moose Head. Apply Box T.
ROD AND GUN, Woodstock, Ont. TF

they must stand a heavy loss.

Business interests of the colony also will
suffer from the fact that the cod fisheries
along the Labrador coast and the north sea-
board of Newfoundland this year have
yielded one of the smallest catches on record.

A party composed of Messrs. D. J. Bresh,
Dr. Barcley, T. M. Neilson and E. Walton,
all of Detroit, left Pembroke in August on a
500 mile canoe trip. Their route lay up the
Kippewa to Grand Lake Victoria, thence to
the headwaters of the North branch of the
Ottawa, thence by headwaters of the Gatineau
to Maninaki.

~

”

1916—FIFTH SUCCESSFUL YEAR—1916

This is that BIG little book of the open—America’s new
outdoor manual, It comes to you bound as you see here. It is
“‘woodsy” from cover to cover—stirred by lake-breezes and
redolent of pine. It is endorsed by outdoor men everywhere.

Authors of country-wide repute have, with their enthusiasm
and familiar knowledge, aided its making. Dan Beard, Emlyn
M. Gill, Captain Kenealy, Oliver Kemp, Dr. E. H, Forbrush—

these and others join this camp fire council, They say their

say about a hundred little practical details that hold close interest for you; and they
spin a yarn or two by the way.

“The Camper’s Own Book” measures 8x5 % inches over all. It is a goodly gener-
ous volume with over 200 pages and 21 of the finest illustrations you’ve ever seen.
Everybody should have a copy who believes that a day under the free sky makes the
pomp of emperors ridiculous, And you’re one—you know you are,

P PRICE PER VOLUME

In the appropriate green T-cloth . - $1.00
Post-paid

W. J. TAYLOR, LIMITED WOODSTOCK, ONT.

CAMP <<ITS AND CAMP LIFE

By CHARLES STEDMAN HANKS “NIBLICK.”

Author of “Hints to Golfers’’

A pgm handbook for the woods, founded on many camping trips with a varied assortment of
ides and after many kinds of game and fish. The veteran sportsman as well as the neophyte will read the
k with —— and profit. It takes up camp cooking, outfit, illness in camp, shooting, fishing, trapping
and general woodcraft. d : ; 2 : 2 ‘ GR
There are aeolian for each topic, and in addition there are conspicuous roping to ne giving
the subjects of each page. e index is also full and definite; moreover the chapters classify the information
in aay the way the sportsmen is apt to need it. The book is the size and shape to slip conveniently into the
pocket.
‘A valuable manual of every phase of out-door life. Offers athousand and one suggestions.”’
—Bosion Transcript.

“A complete encyclopedia of the requisites for camping, practieal and helpful, and should

drive all who can get there to the woods.’’—N. Y. Sun.
CONTENTS:
Prelimin Canter Some Lake Fish that Played with Me
The Man Behind the Gun Some Deer that I Have Met
The Wangan : Some Moose that I Know About
Camps and Camp Fires Some Geese and Ducks that Flew Away
Camp Cooking ‘ Some Partridges that Taught Me a Thing or Two
What to Do if Lost in the Woods Some of the Pleasures of Trapping
Some Trout that taught me something about Angling Some Suggestions About CampingOut |
Some Black Bass, Sir, that I Didn’t Get Some Remedies for Sickness or Accidents in Camp.

With 52 Illustrations in Tint 8vo. $1.62 Prepaid

W. J. TAYLOR, Limited

WOODSTOCK, ONTARIO

+ OP a ne nt ny

JANUARY, 1917

——
i s SEs Sane enelan sas: 7 t
. = S Pu 4
« k

“Starting The New Year Right’

W. J. TAYLOR, LIMITED, PUBLISHER,

FROM THE RAW MATERIAL TO THE FINISHED ARTICLE -- --

TENTS

And Every Other Known Article
That Can be Made Out
Of Canvas

WRITE FOR OUR CATALOGUE
AND PRICES—A POST
CARD, THAT'S ALL
REQUIRED.

SMART- WOODS

Lie MASE. D CANADA.
Ottawa - Toronto - Montreal - Winnipeg

Woodstock, Ontario, January, 1917

Publishers are warned not to reprint contents, whoillp or in part, without full credit attached.

JANUARY CONTENTS
The Pilgrimage
Starting The New Year Right..
Camping In The Heart of The Rockies
Alpine Club Notes
Glaciers and Gold
The Lost Cabin Mine of Calchas Creek
By Paddle And Portage from Severn Falls To Port MecNichol...:......J. L. C.
A Hunting and Fishing Trip in British Columbia T. S. Scott
With The Oceanographers
A Nova Scotia Outing: A Tale of a Bluenose Trout Trip
The Pines
It Is Not Good for Man To Be Alone E. J. McVeigh
Fishing Notes Robert Page Lincoln

Matters Pertaining To Conservation :
Our Passing Game Birds Reginald Gourlay

Duck Shooting at Weller’s Bay, 1876-1916...........0 cece J. Townson
How The Forest Animals NED ae Themselves

Guns and Ammunition
A Loading Improvement

Along The Trap Line
Newfoundland Banks Inexhaustible Food Resources Could Feed Great Britain

SUBSCRIPTION PRICE to any addréss in Cenada, Great Britain or in the United States $1.56
foreign countries 50c extra. Single cepies 15 cts. All subscriptions are payable in advance.

REMITTANCES should be made by P. O. or express money orders, bank checks er registered
letters ; if by check, exchange must be included.

CHANGE OF ADDRESS. When a change of address is ordered, both the new and the old
addresses must be given.

THE ADDRESS LABEL, shows the date to which subscription is paid.
ADVERTISING RATES and sample copies sent on application.

Communications on all topics pes taining to Ts ne go 2 aca the kennel, amateur
photneraphiy and trapshooting will be welcomed and ae if possi le. communications must
accompanied by the name of the writer, not facaetarnky £ or publication, however.
Rod and Gun in Canada does not assume any responsibility for, or necessarily endorse, any views
expressed by contributors to its columns. . ef $ :
Published by W. J. TAYLOR, LTD., WOODSTOCK, ONT.
—Branch Offices—

Ge

New York, London, England 6
_373 Fourth Ave. Grand Trunk Bldgs. w
Ceckspur St. te

; Entered Feb. 17, 1908 at th K
M s. i908 a e Post Office at Buffalo, N.Y., as second-class matter under Act ef

, oy
\pgetecl

kh

oes ay

“a

as aoe,

"Blue Grass
REELS

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA ee i

Stoel Fishing Rods

—and Meek Reels*are a¥happy combination. Both are
the highest quality of their kind that can be made. Both
are the recognized leaders in the best fishing circles.
Both bring contentment far beyond their mere utility.
They bring the pride of ownership, the atmosphere of aristocracy, the
satisfaction of perfect superiority. In these illustrations we show
‘*Bristol’’ No. 35 New Adjustable Telescopic Steel Rod and Meek No. 5
Blue Grass Reel.

IDEAL BAIT FISHING AND TROLLING OUTFIT

“BRISTOL” No. 35 New Adjustable Telescopic Bait Rod, joints 254
in. long; weight 94% oz. Upper picture (man sitting) shows rod extend-
ed full length, 8% ft. Lower left hand piccuse (with hand) shows rod
telescoped to 314% in. Enlarged section of same picture shows ingenious
automatic looking guides which make the rod adjustable to any length.
Joints cannot slip when locked. The guides are detachable and inter-
changeable. Rod may be readily taken apart if desired. Broken parts
may be replaced in three seconds. Therod is very durable, hangs usually
well and is serviceable for many different kinds of fishing. Nickel handle
mountings. German silver two-ring tie guides, three-ring tip. With pol-
ished maple reversible handle, $4.50; with celluloid reversible handle,
$5.00; with cork handle, $5.50. Buy of any sporting goods dealer or by
mail, of us, at the above catalogue prices. When ordering, look for the
word ‘‘Bristol’’ stamped on the reel seat.

Meek No. 5 Blue Grass Reel. Designea especially for trolling and bait
casting. Has spiral gears and tempered tool steel pivots and studs. It
is made practically by hand and every one is fitted with an accuracy
of construction and precision of detail that largely con-

stitutes its perfection. Every particle of material is the

> best that can be obtained. Rigidly inspected and perfect-
ed by the most skilled workmen of long experience. It
will last 50 years or more with proper care. Price $15.00.
Order through your sporting goods dealer or by mail, of
us, at the above catalogue price. When ordering be sure
you get the genuine bearing the name B. F. Meek & Son reels.

4 Write for ‘‘Bristol’’ and Meek Catalogues, describing 49 dif-
A. ferent rod and reel models. They are FREE for the asking.

oe Our 1917 ‘‘Bristol’? Art Calendar is Ready.
>», Beautiful full color reproduction of a Philip R.
— . Goodwin Painting. The best one yet. ine
‘ a acquisition for your den. Sent only on
. receipt of 15c.
3 THE HORTON MFC. CO.,
32 Horton St., Bristol, Sonn.
ALSO MANUFACTURERS OF MEEK
AND BLUE GRASS REELS,
Pacific Coast Branch:
Phil. B. Bekeart Co.,
717 Market St., San Francisco, Calif.

WOODSTOCK, ONT., JANUARY, 1917

* ‘THE PILGRIMAGE

H. C. HADDON

F you are inquisitively inclined
I may as well tell you that it is
marked on the map as Spider
Creek. Had you followed it up to
its source you would have discovered
that there was one stream known
as the Head of Spider Creek, and two
others, both smaller, which were the
North and South forks respectively.
Starting up in the little mountain
meadows, knee deep in pine grasses
__and wild ferns, you could have found
the springs from which these streams
started, and mile by mile you could
have followed them down through
the mountains until the three valleys
united, and the three little streams
joined hands and fortunes and be-
came Spider Creek. Here, where the
_ valleys merge into one it is hard to
believe that this is the creek whose
. course you have traced through the
lovable mystery of the forest and
Ee the mountains. To be sure you have
_ followed it mile after mile, secing it
_ grow larger all the time, yet at no
one spot could you put your finger
on it and say: “It is larger here
_ than twenty-five yards further back.”
Yet all the time it is gathering size
and volume, and by the time you
_ come to the lake, by reason of your
_ long association with it the creek is
still familiar, and, at the same time
holly strange.
About fifteen miles from the lake
e the big falls, and above them is
fishing, though there are pools
abundance, deep, and cold and
temptingly inviting, but which you

whip in vain with your Parmachene
or Professor. The falls are an effec-
tual barrier to the big fish that come
up each year to spawn; and though
you can find lots in the pool below
the fall, it is no use travelling further
up if you want fishing. Stand on
the rocks at the top of the falls any
time in August or September, and
in the pool below you can see the
great char that have come up out
of the lake to spawn. You can see
them lying under logs, and behind
rocks, big seven and eight pounders, —
now sadly discoloured and tired after
their long and hazardous journey
up the creek. Some are lying at
the edge of the pool, in water so
shallow that you can pick out each
detail of their. pink and white mark-
ings; while in the further depths of
the pool you can distinguish the
presence of others only by the vague
blur of their outline. They are all
lying the same way, each one with
his nose behind a stone or rock, each
one catching the force of the current
on his fins and tail in such a way
that he is held in position without
effort on his part.

Here they are lying resting after
their journey up from the lake, and
on many are the marks to show that
the travelling has not been easy.

_See that big fellow over under that

submerged stump—you can tell by
the way the scales have been knocked
off his back and sides that he has
made at least one unsuccessful effort
to jump some smaller set of falls.

829

ty

" _ winter spent in deep water.

830

As you stand at the head of the
falls, half hidden by a screen of cedar
saplings, a big fish hawk comes sail-
ing over on motionless wings, so
close to you that you can see each
movement of his head as he turns it
from side to side. His keen eyes

ick out a small fish that has been

adly knocked about among the

rocks, and that is lying resting and
recuperating in the shallows where
the current is not so strong.

Like a flash the hawk has swooped,
and before the fish has time to be-
come startled, and seek the gronperstl
of deeper water, where only the min
and the otter dare pursue it, the
hawk’s sharp claws have seized its
slippery back and sides. But the
fish is not so weak that it will yield
without a struggle, nor at the same
time is it strong enough to free itself
from the needle-pointed vice-like ta-
lons that are cutting deep into its
pink flesh.

For a few minutes a smother of
spray and beating wings hides any
actual view of the combat, till the
fish hawk rises heavily from the
shallows, with his fish hanging clumsi-
ly below him. He carries it only far
enough to reach solid ground, where
a few blows of his strong beak speedily
puts his victim out of its misery, and
then, gripping the fish high up be-
hind the gills, the big hawk goes
sailing down the creek on steady
wings to his nest in the dead cotton-

- wood, whistling to his mate in the
exhuberance of his success, and eager
to tell his gawky half feathered chil-
dren all about it.

This is only one instance of the
many dangers that the fish have to
face on their annual pilgrimage—
just one little cog in Nature’s vast
scheme where the many are called
that the féw may be chosen—and
those only the strongest and best.

Had you been standing where the
creek empties into the lake about
two months or so earlier you would
have been very close to many of
the fish that you can-now see in the
pool below the fall.
ferent fish then to what they are now,
strong and fat and clean, and in
prime fighting condition after their

But

ROD AND GUN IN CAN ADA! ae

They were dif-°

one by one the fever found th
each in their various haunts in
lake, and obedient to its call each
one left his good hunting grounds, —
and like the gathering of some Scotch ~
clan, they began to congregate at
the mouths of the creeks. ~~ Sacra 2

There was no congestion, or crowd=
ing of any one creek, for Nature works ak
methodically. Military ordersofmo-
bilization could not be carried out
more smoothly. Wherever he might
be, as soon as each char felt hi me
summons he journeyed to the mouth —
of the creek in which he had been ~~
spawned, and in which he had spent —
the earlier part of his existence. Rast

And here he waited for two or Es
three days, or longer as the case
might be, till the first rush of the
flood water had abated. While wait-
ing thus each fish felt his stomach
shrinking up inside him, and from ~
henceforward till the time when they
should return to the lake again these
fish would eat no food.

This is another example of Nature’s
wonderful wisdom, for if these big
char had travelled up the creeks with
their ferocious appetites, they would |
have looted them of every little fish
and frog, and would have destroyed —
the very fish for whose existence —
and procreation they had ascended —
the creek the previous year. —

Then, one clear night, when the
moon was almost full, and there was
still enough of a volume of water to —
take them in safety over the shallow —
places, they began to ascend the ~
creek. First one big fish, and then ©
another would enter the swift water, —
and by easy stages would ascend ~
until they came to the first falls.
It was not all done at once, for there
was no hurry, and there was enough ~
hard work that was unavoidable —
ahead of the fish to prevent them
wasting their strength in useless —
speed. So all that first night they —
journeyed up until they came to ~
the falls. The next morning, if you
had looked carefully enough, you —

"

&

be they rested all that day unt |
the late afternoon brought its -hir
of dusk, when they again began

ve. One Ey Otte in. eis aot be-
the first falls they would stick
their heads out of the water for a
_ second, for no other reason in all
_ this world than to have a look at
the falls, and to form some idea
of the obstacles that they had to
negotiate.

Followed a pause of a few minutes,
as if the fish were gathering strength
- for its effort, and then you would
have a momentary glimpse of silver
belly and browner back as the char
left the water, and then, curved in

a great arc they would ascend clear
of the falls and alight in the deep
water at the top. Then, a flip of
their powerful tails and they would
be gone, usually to the nearest quiet
water, where they would rest awhile
before proceeding on their way.

And so, during the weeks that fol-
lowed, the char continued their way
up the creek. Except for the actual
leaping of whatever falls barred their
way there was nothing that was
really spectacular about it.

Often they would be halted for
days by some vagary of the weather,
some of them waiting for the rain
that would flood the shallower reach-
es, while others had to delay for the
freshet to go down to lessen the
volume of some set of falls.

There was no concerted action
now, nor did the char all travel to-
gether, and you could. have found
fish in many different pools between
the lake and the point reached by
the most advanced fish.

Yet dominating the minds of all
these char was the one thought—
_ to travel as far up the creek as they

were able to go. Danger and failure

did not deter them; hardships could

only hinder them foratime. Nature

had commanded them, and each one
in their own way was obeying that
command, and working out the salva-
tion of the future of their species.

It was a grim heartbreaking ordeal,

this annual weeding out of the fittest,
a and, as in every test of strength
vi and ‘endurance the wayside was litter-
ed with those that had fallen.

-_ In every back eddy of the pools
below the different falls you could
find the bodies of, those that had
on broken on the wheel—here a

OY) 6s— bie ee

Tr WR, ee oe

PILG RI ML AGE i

big ne fish battered a deat!
the sharp rocks, here another
his side ripped open, here a third
knocked breathless by the rush o iS .
water when he had leaped into the
falls instead of over them.

Those that were not too badiys i:
injured tried the falls again, and very __
often succeeded at the second at-
tempt, profiting by the experience
gained during their first failure; but
those that were hurt too seriously
made their way back to the lake
again. They would not spawn that
season at all, and next year, when ~
they entered the creek again they
would be distinguishable by their —
greater size. Even those that died —
were not wasted, for fish hawk and ~
mink and otter, and even bear fed
themselves to repletion on them—
and these failures after all constituted
but a small percentage of the total
that reached er objective point.

So, alternately travelling and rest-
ing, the first of the char eventually —
came to the big falls that barred any
further progress. They seemed to
know instinctively (and probably by
experience) that they went no higher,
for, with one or two exceptions they
made no attempt atleaping. Instead
they sought out the quieter back
waters, and here they rested, and
while they recuperated they were
joined by more and more of their
companions. Standing on the rocks
at the head of the falls you can see
them distinctly, dozens of them, scat-—
tered through different parts of the
pool. It is no use offering them any
fly of your collection, for they will
not look at your lures, and the only
way that you can get one for the |
frying pan is to find your intended
victim in water shallow enough to
permit you to shoot it—if you can
look yourself in the face afterwards!
You will not find them mighty good
eating.

A big female char, rested after
her journey up from the lake went.
cruising round the shallow water at
the edge of the pool. As if recogniz-
ing her intention a big male fish d
detatched himself from his nook be- =
hind a sunken log, and came swim- ‘
ming out, circling round her and
chose her for his mate.

-* ry a
832

There was no pratt or attempt
at courtship or love-making. As if
recognizing that Nature had supplied
her necessity, she instantly started
cleaning the creek bed where she
intended to make her nest, the big
male circling round her the while
and driving off any possible rivals.
The bed of the creek was composed
of little white round pebbles, only

slightly coarser than gravel, and
among this was lodged little odd bits
of water soaked wood. Each of

these pieces the female picked up
in her mouth, and carried off to one
side, where the current quickly seized
them, and whirled them off down-
stream.

Next she
the creek with her fins and tail, thus
removing a slight layer of mud, and
dislodging any little bits of decayed
leaves and other debris. Then the
male fish, with the heavy growth
of bone on the point of his lower
jaw, which had been growing there
for that purpose all the summer,
plowed long furrows in the coarse
gravel, and these furrows were also
fanned clean of all sand or other
sediment. By this time dozens of
little brook trout had come cluster-
ing round in readiness for the feast
that they knew would soon be wait-
ing for them. The big male fish
charged them, a veritable cyclone
of fury, scattering them like chaff
before a wind. Then, half lying on
her side in the furrow, the female
_ began depositing her eggs, hundreds
upon hundreds of them. Some few
floated away, and these the waiting
trout seized eagerly, but the majority
sunk to the bottom of the furrow.

Closely following her, but not
touching her, the male covered them
with his milt, and then, coming to
the end of the furrow he would whirl
suddenly, and after scattering the
trout, would hurriedly cover the
precious eggs with gravel to prevent
the current from washing them away.

It was a busy time for the male
fish, but at last, however, the eggs
were all duly laid and fertilized, and
covered carefully with gravel, so that
even the ravenous trout could not
find them.

ORT Stig 3 wy ops
ROD AND GUN 1 IN CAN.

fanned the bottom of.

In Bpite oF all eS ea oh
char had hidden enough eggs te
rant a plentiful supply of fish,
each nest in the gravel must h
contained many thousand eggs. __

By now the char had grown weak —
from long starvation, and manyhard ~ Ba
knocks in ascending the creek, and _
for a week or two they did nothing ge
but lie in the shallows and back-—
waters, regaining their strength to —
some extent. The nights grew colder, —
and, as if in subtle warning, one —
morning there was a thin shimmer "
of ice along the edge of the pool. aia’

As if this was the word of nee
mand for which they had been wait- 5
ing, the pool was emptied of char —
as if by magic, and they went speed- ae
ing down to the lake again. They — i 2
travelled rapidly, one night ae
sufficient to take them down over ~
the same course that had taken them —
weeks to ascend. wath

As they descended they felt thant Sg
appetites returning, and before they = __
came to the lake a tremendous gnaw-
ing hunger had seized them, and they — ee
snapped up every living thing that Sit
crossed their path. Out in the lake
again they scattered at once, each
one intent only on filling his long ir
famished stomach. Ries

They will take your fly now, or a.
any bait that you might offer them,
but they are hardly worth catching, oa
for bruised and discoloured, their —
scales knocked off, and the exposed sy .
flesh infested with parasites, and Re
lean and lanky from their long fast,
they are hardly fit to eat. tat

All that winter the creek rippled —
and sang under its covering of snow v4
and ice, as it passed a continual cur-
rent of fresh water over the hidden ~
treasures in the gravel furrows. It —
had done this same job a good many ©
times, this creek, and was- perfectly —
trustworthy —and when in the Spring
the ice broke up and went down —
stream there was a general breaking ©
up also down among the gravel fur- —
rows. :

Something would move vigorously —
inside an egg lodged between two
pebbles—a sudden twist, and i
would slip a little char. ‘So quy
that you must think he had —
swept downstream, he would s

rest pebble,

m your sight, but when a
of a second later the empty
ease would come whirling along,
-would slip out from his hiding
place like a flash of light, and swal-
~ low ® and then, almost before your

eye could follow him he would be
back behind his pebble again.

And here, with all his battles yet
to fight, and all his world ahead of

ae
E

“PAING a-ling-a-ling-aling-aling -
“Hello! Yes this is Joe, what
is it? - ‘

“What? Say, Frank trying to

‘kid’ me a bit hey? Do you mean

_you’re going up there in the woods

_ this weather; why man you'll freeze.”

_ There was a long pause while Joe,

lst had answered the ’phone,

listened as patiently as possible to
_ some five minutes’ talk from the one
_ who had done the calling up.

“No! If the fellows here in the
ffice foifnd out I was to take a trip
ke that in January they’d laugh
their heads off, to say nothing of the
hardships a fellow would have to go.
Listen old top, you sure you’re
ng yourself?
Start the New Year right hey? ha!

_ guess I won’t attempt any-
uite as strenuous as that.

him, unknown, we wi

F. V. WILLIAMS

ll leave hin
Some day, when he is bigger, we wi
come up to the pool, and fish for
him in the golden mystery of summer
evenings with many strange and
wonderful flies designed solely for —
his: capture—and even when he is
safely in our creel let us sometimes
spare a thought for all that his par- —

ents suffered and went through, that —
we might enjoy good fishing. ;

)
te
une

.
:

.

My.
oS

You go tomorrow at 7.30 p.m.
hey?’ and as Joe saw the office boy
glancing curiously in his direction he
remarked as unconcernedly as pos-
sible that he hoped his friend would
have a good trip, and bidding him
good-bye hung up the receiver.

Joseph Stimson had work ahead.
It was piled up right and left, but it —
was not of the character that had to .
be out at a certain time in the im- ?
mediate future. He had a month’s =.
copy, yes two months, laid away in is
their respective files, and here he was mee
‘plugging’ away at more copy. What Bee
for? Just habit he would have told .
you. It was strange how the big
silent woods memories crept in be-
tween the work and himself this day.
Possibly Frank Kings, who had been ~—
his companion on many an outing by ’
calling him up had upset his line of
thought. At any rate when he went

ae gn Fes ee Ay ace Pane aR Sete PMR re

834

out at the lunch hour he walked
directly down to Wilson’s Sporting
goods store and stood gazing in at
the display window.

Christmas was over two days ago
and the usual after holiday quietness
had fallen on most of the shops. Here
at Wilson’s the windows were still
decorated with holly and the adver-
tisements had been changed to read
New Year, instead of Christmas but
there was very little doing in the way
of trade. The few pedestrians who
were about were wrapped in furs or
overcoats and an occasional snow-
flake came slowly drifting down from
the leaden colored skies, like silent
scouts before the real army. Real
winter was not far away. All this
Joe noticed as he stood in front’ of
the window.

“BR. ce *? he muttered as he turned
away,
to start on a four weeks’ trip to the
woods in weather like this. Down
the street, the wind began to breeze
up anda regular flurry of snow swept
along accompanied by a chill blast

that made Joe compare his steam .

heated rooms with a fire in a log
cabin ten miles from the nearest rail-
way station in the North woods. He
hurried along in the direction of the
‘Eat Shop’ where a hot lunch awaited
the office workers out for their noon
recess, and turning the corner with
his head bowed to meet the wind he
ran plump into friend Frank.

Well! Well! Well! asI live “‘Hello,
old stick in the mud’. I'll bet you
were coming to hunt me up to tell
me of your change of heart in regard
to this trip, hey?”

“Yes, I was not,’ retorted Joe.

“Well, come on along, and we'll go
down to Wilson’s. I got to get some
stuff for the trip.”

: *“*I just came from there’ answered
oe.

“Oh, you did? Well, what differ-
ence does that make? Come on back
really you need the exercise old top.”
Whereupon the two started back to
Wilson’s.

Arrived at the store King lost no
time in getting to the dry goods de-
partment where he was soon busily
engaged in looking at various sweat-
ers, mackinaws, coats, footgear of the

“Frank has sure got his nerve .

snag-proof sort, g
from his bargaining he discor 5
for the first time the absence of his
friend, who was nowhere to be seen.
His purchases concluded he set out to
look for him and after much search-
ing happened to think of the camera —
department. On his arrival there he ©
discovered friend Joe inspecting the
latest in reflecting cameras. :

“Going to invest?” grinned Frank.

“You bet Iam. You know if one is
going to ‘Start the New Year right’
you have to be fitted for it, and as
I’m going along—”

“You’re going along? Good for
you,’’—with a resounding whack on
the shoulder.

““Yes, you see, I’m considered as
good a bushman as you, and although .
I’m dead sure we'll freeze, I’m going
along just the same.’

‘How about the work at the office?’

“Oh, I called up Mr. Dickson and
he just said “Hop to it, and good ~.
luck, only be sure and be back at the _
end of four weeks.”

The boys got away in due time,
just where they were going Frank
declined to say till they were on the —
train bound North. Then he divulg-
ed the fact they had about a two
hundred mile trip on the train, he —
held the tickets, at the end of which ~
they were to get off at a certain cross-
roads and from there make a ten mile —
hike over into the timber to an old
cabin where an old guide had made >
his home for the winter’s trapping.
This guide was a friend and had said —
he would be glad of their company as
long as they wished to stay. There —
was no game to be had, such as deer ~
partridge, etc. It was all ‘out of —
season’ but there was the possible —
chance of a lynx, or wolf, so Frank- 7
had brought his carbine along and he —
promised Joe all kinds of shots for Ae a
latter’s “picture gun.” - »

_ The gray light of a winter’s morn- 4
ing was creeping through the drawn ©
curtains of the sleeper as the porter —
roused the two friends and told them —
a half hour would put them at their —
destination. In a little more than —
that time the train slowly came to
stop and they found. themselve

climbing down to a bit of a shed yo

’ Tt
q +s ~~ ‘ -“
4 = Soak
Se ee ee, ont 2

r ei
RE ge

eee
Pe ee ee

+ ¥ y ‘
J ? bs
- y é SP th

ey e

ori
ame running toward them.
_ “We put. your sled and dunnage
ff at front,” he announced, and im-
mediately gave the signal to go ahead,
and in a very few minutes the ‘pals’
were \alone in a snow covered world.
A red\sun pushing its distorted visage
- above! the pines away to thésEast,
_ showed the adventurers loading their
toboggan with a healthy weight of
supplies, etc., and in another half hour
_ they were heading away from the bit
of a station through the snow covered
forest along an old wood-road; it had
_ not snowed for some ten days up here
- ~and the snow on the ground made
_- travelling a pleasure. It was firm,
-__ and there was a good crust which the
toboggan with its load slipped over
a as easily as if there were no load, or
as Frank put it, the old ‘sled’ acted
as if it knew it was out for a good time.
At noon they unpacked a bit of one
mysterious looking box, and disclosed
a frying pan, tin pail, some chocolate
and bacon, some tinned beans and
also a few substantial looking sea
biscuit, or “pilot bread’, one of Frank’s
‘standbys’ on all his trips.
_ While Frank arranged the proven-
der, Joe ‘shinned’ about with a belt
- axe and in a remarkably short time
had a fire going, with a goodly pile of
green boughs to serve as seats, and
now while they were eating they
observed for the first time signs of
snow; by the look of the sky their
good weather of the morning had
disappeared.
Joe made the remark that there
- ~-would be snow in the air in another
- hour. ‘He could feel it in his bones’’
| -which remark caused Frank to dig

into his inside pocket for a crude
_ sketch of the country they were to
| pass through showing the trail they
| _-were travelling.

“About half way, see!’? And he
pointed with a grimy forefinger to the
spot on the map where“they were
_- supposed to be resting.

The cooking utensils and grub were
hustled back into their respective
places, and the whole outfit strapped
as snugly as possible on to the tobog-
gan. Once again they were on the
move. And they did travel. Every
Ounce of energy their city legs could

“wit /

da sleepy brake- _

muster they put into the effort an

they had not exerted themselves
first part of the day they made sple:
did time, as the road was good, an

the snow crust fine. At three dif-

ferent places the boys noticed that

recent windfalls across the road ha

been newly cut and hauled to one

side, leaving a clear roadway. In

this they easily recognized the work of

ae

Jimmy Gardner, the trapper.

The snow storm was on them inreal —
earnest now; it was easy enough to ~

keep the trail, but there was first two,
then three, and by three o’clock there
was six inches of snow; it made travel-

ling mighty tiresome and Joe plod- —
ding on behind with Frank’s carbine —

slung on his back could not but help
admire his sturdy partner who pulling

the toboggan and puffing away at his —

pipe, never turned his head but kept
the pace as if it were the regular daily
routine. There were times, when the
snow fell thickest, that Joe could
hardly discern his partner twenty-
five feet away.

At four-thirty the character of the
country changed decidedly from a
slightly rolling surface to small steep
hills; the fresh snow made these
doubly hard to negotiate but just as
Joe was about to call for Frank to halt
for a rest, that worthy turned his head
and without slackening his pace re-
moved his pipe long enough to remarke

“We're almost there, see the
smoke?’’ and sure enough there was

the smoke from the cabin a few hund- -

red yards above the low trees. Five
minutes more and they suddenly came
out into an opening in the timber, and
over on the left was their home, with
James out in front awaiting them.

“Sorry I couldn’t have met you,”
he announced, “‘but I had about four
hundred little jobs to do ’round here
and couldn’t make it.”
it was very evident he had been busy.
There was a new partition across one
end of the cabin, and investigation
disclosed two. new bunks for his
guests. Jim’s bunk was in the main
room. A steaming hot meal on the
table was waiting them and they
turned to this before even arranging
their outfit. By eight o’clock that
evening everything about the cabin
was ship-shape, arrangements had

Once inside >

ans ees om og € yhery ‘
ROD AND GUN I ADA

836

been made with Jim about their
board, the best places to hunt, etc.,
and at nine p.m. everybody was under
the blankets. Jimmy started in to
snore inside of five minutes, while the
boys lay awake for a half hour listen-
ing to the occasional snapping of the
dying embers in the sheet iron stove,
the distant hoot of an owl, and once,
faint and far away, the howl of a wolf.

Joe’s diary tells, perhaps better
than a more detailed account would,
of the incidents of their trip.

Dec. 31.—Arrived here yesterday
about 5 p.m. Jim had baked beans,
and hot biscuit for supper, great stuff,
everybody slept well last night al-
though ‘James’ snores like a horse.

Jan. 1.—New Year’s Day. Some
day; snowed nearly all day. dim had
a rabbit pot-pie today, says he does not
shoot much, gets his rabbits in snares,
the shooting scares the game, if he
shoots he goes out a few miles from
his trap line. We cut firewood, ate,
took a few pictures about cabin, bed
at 8.30.

Jan. 2.—Fine to-day, but soft snow
makes travel in the woods anything
but a pleasure. Visited Joe’s snares,
got two rabbits and reset snares and
saw porcupine tracks in snow. Frank
and Joe gone nearly all day. I got
one picture of porcupine who came
wandering into camp, he seemed right
at home here; judging by his actions
he’s been here before. Boys pretty
tired to-night.

Jan. 3.—Fine and clear. Frank
stayed at cabin to-day while I went
along with Jim to trap lines. Some
hike, it was mighty interesting to see
the way he set and baited some of his
traps. They were mostly deadfalls.

Jan. 4.—Weather cloudy; looks like
rain, and is a good bit warmer. Jim
tells us that it would be a good idea
to get a lot of firewood, as he thinks
this condition of the atmosphere, is a
“weather-breeder,’ guess he means a
storm is coming. Spent the day—all
three of us—in getting firewood.

Jan. 5.—Overcast and a slight
drizzle of rain and quite warm. Still
at the woodpile, guess we will not

have trouble of this sort the remainder

of our stay, as we have quite a pile.
Jim explains he does not lay in much
of a fire wood supply as he is not at

the cabin half the ¢

Te Te ee
Is os
me atter he
the trap line in working 0 :

Jan. 6.—Wind, rain, sleet
finally a snow-storm, just loafe¢
slept and got ready for next day

Jan. 7.—Snow, and snow some mi .
it just lets up long enough to geta
fresh start. Loafed all day. fe. te?

Jan. 8.—Stopped snowing last night
and started again this morning; the
other fellows as well as myself are
getting restless. Jim says to-morrow
he has sure got to visit a part of his —

a
=

line.

Jan. 9.—Still» snowing when Jim ~
left camp this morning at 4 o'clock, — ”
‘Pitch’ dark, he had a carbide lamp
with him but one hundred yards away
he was lost to view in the storm;~
snow still falling at noon but storm
is evidently dying away. Went fora —
bit of walk on snow shoes. Borrowed
from Jim’s outfit. Oeeas

Jan. 10.—Colder and the damp >
snow has a crust, still freezing. dim
got back at five-thirty last evening; — bs
had a wolf and two mink hides. He’s
more than pleased with the wolf as —
there is a bounty beside which the ~
pelt is a fine one. Got three rabbits _
to-day and Frank who was out with —
carbine saw a lynx but did not get
a shot. pense

Jan. 11.—Crust on snow fine and —
strong; one can travel nearly any- —
where without breaking through. —
Frank after lynx. Jim started for —
other end of “‘line’” to-day and will |
not be back for two days; got some

fine photographs. “3

Jan. 12.—Three below zero this —
morning, coldest weather we have —
had so far. Frank and I are wonder- —
ing how Jim is making it. Looks ~
mighty cold to be sleeping outside —
but as Frank says Jim has three —
shelter huts—at good places along the ~
line. We got one rabbit and had a ~
stew and Frank broke the game law ~
by shooting two partridges with the ©
carbine. ~ > aa

Jan. 13.—Five below this morning
and the woods lock beautiful; talk
about your fairy paintings, every-
thing, trees, bushes, old fallen logs,
stumps and all covered with diamonds
that sparkle in the sun; somet!
wonderful; wish the boys from
city could see these woods this morn

ae

.

.
*
Par
oy. =i

>
7

sh
ps

and one marten; he says‘a large lynx
-. had robbed two ‘of his traps and told
am Frank about where to go to find lynx
: tracks. Frank tried driving rabbits
_ for me to photograph but we did not
ae
- Jan. 14.—Whee-e-e, wow! ten be-
low zero, well we all three stuck
’round the cabin to-day and kept
warm, except for a short walk there
was no out o’doors to-day.
Jan. 15.—Still ten below; cried to
: keep fire going all night as old Jack
Frost shoves his way in to cabin
-_- pretty strong before daylight. I got
up to start breakfast, looked out
‘3 window and saw a large animal over
in clearing near a stump where Jim
had skinned some of his victims. At
first I thought it was a wolf, and then
. he turned and looked towards the
9 cabin and I saw it was a lynx, got
a carbine and opening the door a bit I
took a rest and got him the first shot.
_ ‘The boys both were curled up in their
se bunks supposedly asleep but there
e was sure some action when the car-
bine went off. It was a race to get
‘ into our clothes to see who'd get out
there first. Frank won by one sock
z and a shoe, and came back dragging
the lynx after him; he was in fine
~ eondition, but Jim insists it was not

_ the one that robbed his traps as he
a says that has a much larger foot, my
o lynx by jove, and Frank is almost
---‘ jealous of my good fortune. Some
‘job getting water to-day. I forgot

to mention that we get our water
from a small spring that generally
keeps open all winter but there’s six
inches of ice there now and it has to
_ be chopped open every time we get a
pail of water—everybody is warm and
comfortable in the cabin though it’s
some day.
Jan. 16.—A bit warmer to-day and
Jim tells us that he has a permit to
shoot deer enough for his own use.
____-which means us of course, and he in-
_ forms Frank that two miles North of
here there is a regular run-way con-
_hecting two big swamps where the
deer ‘yard’ for the winter, and wants
tO know if Frank and I will get a deer
3 on save him @ lot of time.

Will Ber Will ‘we? Jl
see.

Janay —Temperature fae
to about zero and not a breath of
in the woods. Frank and I—I carr
Jim’s rifle—an ancient .44-40 of °
lever action pattern—went after tl
deer, we saw-two but due to our oy
clumsiness they saw us first.

Jan. 18.—Getting warmer rig
along. Jim says there’s a big snow
storm coming and guess he’s a pretty
good weather prophet. We had rab-
bit again to-day and Jim\kidded’ us
about not getting a deer.

Jan. 19.—A light snow fell, ands Bs
then it turned colder, and we turned Fe
the tables on James by calling him ane :
false prophet. He insists however,
that the storm will be here within >
two days; he’s so busy with his furs —
now that he doesn’t have much time —
to visit. Says he’s having the best —
season he’s ever had. Frank saw the |
big lynx to-day.

Jan. 20.—A very dark gloomy day, i
heavy winds and a bit of snow falling. -
Jim has been over his line pretty re-
sularly; this morning early he left —
for a two days’ trip again. -Frank |
started over to the ridge for deer, —
while I took the camera and .44-40 to
just roam ’round a bit. :

Jan. 21.—I got back to ‘camipeas
-yesterday at 4 p.m. neither Frank nor
Jim here. Can’t imagine what keeps
Frank, as he only took a light lunch
with him; he has a belt axe and
matches, so still have hopes he’s all
O. K. Snowing heavy this A.M.

Jan. 22.—Frank came struggling ~
in about 3 p.m. yesterday with a story
of how he had wounded the biggest
buck he’d ever seen in the woods. —
Got a second shot just at dark and got
his deer. Then he discovered he |
could not carry him alone through ~
the snow, as the added weight caused
him to go through the crust. Cutting
poles and hoisting, his kill out of the
way of wolves, he had started for
camp, then night. came on and he ~
fixed as snug a place under a windfall
as possible and roasted and ate part ~
of a rabbit he had the good luck to get
ashotat. Inthe morning he was lost —
for a half hour or so but finally found
his tracks of the previous day and
managed to get back safe but mighty

i

4
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RCE.
ADA

4
:
“+

“> ia
. ~

ROD AND GUN IN CAN

4.) th
"
‘

38

tired ungry. Waiting for any
Sure: now, as we do not wish to go away and
leave a cold cabin for him to come

home to, as he is a prince in helping
ee ws fellows to have a good time; tells
us the best locations for game, etc.,
which it would take us weeks to find
were we shifting for ourselves.

Jan. 23.—Guess the storm Jim
promised has arrived. Wow, but it’s
: blowing and snowing outside, this
. rumpus started about 3 am. Eat

and sleep is the order of the day and
Frank worried about his venison
hanging out there in the swamp and
we are both a bit uneasy about: Jim
as he’s very punctual as a rule.

Jan. 24.—Storm still howling out-
side, and while we were getting break-
fast on the table, Jim arrived, snow-
covered, tired and “happy as a clam
at high water’ he says, as he found

_where a bear had denned up for the

winter and dug him out, and got him.

He says besides the hide wh’ch is a

ly fine one—he has bear’s grease enough

to make an Eskimo happy. Beside

the bear he had one fox, four mink

and six muskrat, or four musk rat and

six mink. I forgot which, and as he

is asleep at this writing will not
awaken him.

Jan. 25.—Snowing and blowing as
usual, wind shifted from East to
Southwest. Jim says he knows about
where Frank’s deer is, from the des-
cription given, and he will go with us
to-morrow to bring it in as tracks have
all been blotted out by wind and snow.
The snowstorm is not finished yet,
says our friend, but we’ll get the
# venison and have a feast before it’s
over.

Jan. 26.—Wind blowing a gale this
morning from the Southwest, but no
it show falling. Jim hustled us out at
four o’clock and after a breakfast of
warmed over beans and coffee,—say
baked beans are mighty good up here
these cold mornings, never was able
to appreciate them before—we started.
At daylight we were at the edge of the
swamp. A half hour later Frank said
he recognized a big birch about one
hundred yards from where he hung
up his deer.. We were travelling
single file through some small spruces,
~ when Jim who was leading stepped to
one side,—pst! pst! he cautioned, and

> -
Pra ay Frank 0 on the arm anes pointe

a short distance—it was ceria 1
thirty yards—to the right throug
small opening in the trees. Two l
were standing on what looked like
hummock under the snow. Up went
the carbine, and at the puff of smoke —
the smaller lynx went bounding away.
The larger one fell, but was up and ~
away in an instant. The carbine
cracked again, and the big fellow
tumbled and when we arrived on the
spot it was to discover the mount of
snow was Frank’s deer. It was
frozen solid and the two lynx had
hardly started work on it when we
arrived. Good thing for us that Jim
made the early start. Arrived back at
camp in a regular blizzard. Frank is
a happy boy with his big lynx which
Jim tells us he believes is the ‘fur —
thief’. hi,

Jan. 27.—Snowing a bit allday but
less wind and getting colder again.
Two chip-munks have come from
somewhere and make regular daily
visits to our living room, always
imagined they stayed in bed all
winter.

Jan. 28.—Two above zero this
a.m. and Frank and I have just begun
to think about going back to town, or
as he puts it back to the ‘rock pile’.
We spent the day in trying to drive _
rabbits for photographs.

Jan. 29.—Zero weather to-day but
we were out with the camera. Jim is
out on the ‘line’ again but expects to
be in to-morrow. We have venison
steaks, fried venison, and also roast
venison. Jim says we’ve both put on
weight.

Jan. 30.—Mercury stands at zero
but there is no wind; we left the cabin
at daylight. Jim accompanied us and
we caught the 10 a.m. south bound
train. We were sorry to leave, and
James remarked it would be mighty
lonesome the rest of the winter.
Guess that was a compliment to*us,
as I’ve heard him say at different —
times he preferred to hunt and trap
alone rather than put up with some
people. Am writing this on the train.
Wish I was back there for another
month.

Well, that was the finish, or at least
that’s as far as we ever saw in that
diary. Have you ever tried this

840

kind of a trip? You, mister man,
with a belt line that prevents you
lacing vour own shoes, or you, mister
man, that’s lean and sallow from the
indoor grind, or you, young fellow,

that’s having too good (?) a t'me
Try it once.

round town o’nights.

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

Sure it’s not all a picnic, it’s hard
and it’s rough, a good part of it, and
that’s what you need. No, this is
not a sermon, it’s just a tip, and if you
follow it a few seasons you'll save
doctor’s bills and probably put the
undertaker off a few years as well.

DEER AND FAWN.

COAST DEER, VANCOUVER ISLAND, B.C.

pine Elyb st *canadad |

CAMPING IN THE HEART OF
THE ROCKIES

E. ANDERSON

ure is like an actor out-play-

ing life upon the stage. In
many ways the play is more natural,
more true to life itself, than the true
life the audience leads. It can afford
to be, being short; we could all live
for a day.

So, civilized man, aided by incon-
spicuous arts, plunges into the wilder-
ness, taking danger for his joy, hard-
ship for pleasure, discomfort for am-
usement—for a little while. And
doubtless the select little audience
who watch the play, the guides, the
trappers, the packers, get their amuse-
ment from the comedy.

One danger is this, there is no game
like it; having played once we return
always. Those who die in the Brr-
- therhood should have a branch of
_ balsam and a wreath of wood smoke
thrown into their graves. They will
need these things on the other side.

AJl of which explains why even the
war could not kill the Annual camp
of the Alpine Club of Canada, nor
_ prevent the remnant of its members
trailing in from all the wide map of
_ America to the heart of the Rockies,
to keep tryst with the memories of
those at the front.

Me ab a mosquito-ridden trail, making
twelve one miles up to the boundary

MAS: that goes camping for pleas-

divide between British Columbia and
Alberta we came by twos and threes
into the main camp. That camp
with its savage unexpected notes of
colour in its restless line of national
flags, was like the caravanserai ‘whose
Doorways are alternate Night and >

Day,’ in that people never seemed
to stay above an hour or two. They
ate and slept and were gone. They

might recur; sometimes days later a
face would reappear unexpectedly out
of the hills when one had thought it
gone out for good, but stay, never.
We were nomads; very often, liter-
ally as the wind blew, we camped
in camp or camp; for the main camp
was sheltered, the other exposed.
Some came in for so short a period
that one was tempted to believe they
came for the mere epicurean pleasure ~
of the first night round the fire, the
first climb, and, having had it, went.
Indeed it were almost worth it.
There are few things more satisfy-
ing than the first evening in the open
round the wide fire. The eye fol-
lows the ring of figures about the
blaze—the easy lines of lassitude,
the fire-painted harmonies with the
vague trees, the remote sky; the in-
constant light shifts from the steel
of an iceaxe to a girl’s bent head,
catches the handkerchief at a man’s

842

throat, and the glimmer of knitting
needles. Mas?

The talk flows, idly, disjointedly,
and there are only three subjects,
the mountains, our boots, our food,
which is after all but fitting, for by
these three only we live. Specula-
tion, adrift among these skirtless
girls, these collarless men, plays mo-
mently with the thought that per-
haps for this little time we are thus
garbed and thus contented, more
trulv revealed in ourselves, more
candid with each other, more known
than ever we may be to friends be-
yond the barrier of the hills in the
long months of the year.

Someone cries “‘Music,’’ and. pres-
ently one of our guides unwraps his
concertina and plays to us, gay Swiss
airs—so happy that in that fire-made
circle with the darkness ever pressing
in on it they gained an edge of pain.
A log falls out of the central biaze
encroaching perilously on that inner
domestic ring of wet boots and socks
between ourselves and the heat, and
in an instant we are all plunging
for our most cherished possessions,
gold and diamonds are ot no account
to us beside these singeing socks and
greasy boots. Rescued, we bear them
tenderly with us to our tents for fear
of the porcupine by night, crying
good-night as we go. As we plunge
into that illuminated Chinese lantern
our lit tent becomes at night we
tread into thick balsam boughs and
sniff happily. That smell will burn
our hearts with earth-desire when-
ever we shall meet it through the
years, but to-night it is pure content.

Next day we drifted up the steep
seven hundred feet between the main
camp and the upper camp above
Simpson Pass—that muddy two miles
of wood and lovely pass which most
-of us trod nearly daily became dur-
ing the time of our stay a barometer
of our pace and condition. How-
ever wearily at the end of a day’s
tramping we turned into that last
stretch. between the camps yet in-
stinctively watches were glanced at
and speed quickened in order to
cover it in the recognized time; and
a few minutes gained pantingly up
the last muddy hill were a matter of
self congratulation in no way im-

7 *, Ay Oy { °
as amy) atte a on

ROD AND GUN

IN CAN

. HE AGN pee
paired by the sane knowledge that
one was somewhat of a fool—br

The upper camp was a thing by ~
itself. There was about it an atmos-
phere of austerity which, though
utterly at variance with its actual —
hospitality, was yet its most subtle
charm. It was like lodging at a
monastery.

Above the line of the thick woods
while still within the shelter of the
larches the little camp faced on blue
water and open moorland, still dead
from the weight of the snow. «Yet
daily, almost hourly it looked, flowers
pushed up through last year’s wreck-
age, through the snow itself, till with-
in a week of our first coming the
brown turf was green and gold. Over
one’s head, vibrant night and day the
scarlet camp flag burnt like a flame
of the war, and everywhere stark
to the line of the sky rose the snow >
of the high peaks. We changed quar-
ters and lived for the most part at the
upper camp, boasting equally our
views and our pastry.

If on raw evenings, when sleet and
an inconstant wind chased us round
and round the fire, we regretted the
tree guarded quarters of the main
camp, yet in the early mornings when
the thin wind smelling of snow and ~~
the raw earth pushed our tent flaps
open, we murmured the old lovely
lie concerning “‘‘the wind on the —

;

4

heath”? and life for ever and thought
we believed it.

It was far other murmurings, how-
ever, that came to our lips on a
morning when we were shaken awake
by one who enquired ceremoniously,
“Am I right in believing you intend
to climb Monarch to-day?” He was
right. Reluctantly we unroiled out
of the balsam scented blankets, shov-
ed our heads out of the tent to regard
the black wall of Monarch rising to
the south of us, and speculated whe-
ther washing when the ice was float-
ing in the bucket was an unnecessary
luxury or a necessary hardship. At —
that hour of the morning mountain- —
eering seemed something less than a —
pleasure. Pulling on our cold boots ©
someone meditated aloud that should
our hearts drop into them during
the day, as seemed not improbable

all og POU arteers,

ing a
would at least be plenty of
1 for them there. Undoubtedly

the Rockies, but few so impressive
___as those to be found on the face of
a precipice the first time that one
climbs. There is firstly the hand-
~ some face of the rock a foot from
one’s nose, and the next crack where
the hand can take hold. There is
also the wild perspective and the
armour plated soles of the guide
: above, and the face of the person
: beneath. If one has time for more
? there is a view over one’s arm, or
between one’s feet of a lonely world
incredibly distant and small. In its
expanse of changing colour the eye
catches on an alien flick of red, too
tiny aimost for sight—the flag above
_ the camp.

It is an awesome thing to be for
the first time a fly on a wall, but it
is exhilarating too.

On a wide ledge the guide loosened
a stone for us and let it fall. It leapt
clear one thousand—two thousand
feet, then struck and plunged again
in a foam of white to lose itself in
the depths at the precipice foot. We
thought to ourselves brilliantly that
it was a long way down, along way.

_ _ We turned and climbed again com-
ing out at length like wanderers in
a fairy tale to an unknown world.
The mind groping helplessly after
adequate expression caught at a
phrase so stereotyped that its edge
of truth was blunted and it refused

.to cut into the imagination.

*“A sea of peaks!’ Most true, but
no such ocean as the eye remembers.
Rather, perhaps, such a sea as must
have risen when the dry land first
tore. through the unparted waters,
that sea struck to sudden quiet with
the frantic foam on its mad crests,
with the new light still rawly blue
in its hollows. We might have wept;
we might have raved foolish and
incoherent things, and it would have
been fitting—in art. In nature we
ode ‘sat down and ate contentedly and
| __ our speech went in this fashion :

See Aren’t. you, hungry? I am. I
_ wonder what eg peak is to the

pat

~ EQ eR TER ig) eee ee he a
: . \ a &

North - |

wey is it vindie gooseberry. j
. Cheese? ‘Yes, lots of it.

the snow in? Mine. .

no psalms.

But that night in the cook tent of —

the upper camp we, a very little
company, warm, fed, contentedly —

weary, let out our thoughts and led
them far through the countries of

literature and imagination, now the
one and now the other the guide, by —
paths we loved. Over across the
stove, Jim, the Chinese cook, dozed —

in heaven knows what alien world—
it left no mark upon his blank, bene- -

volent face, and outside the wind and
sleet beat heavily on the canvas and >

among the larches overhead. A

packer drifted in out of the night,
the rain dripping from his heavy
fur shaps, and we asked him ques-
tions, foolish tourist questions, that
he answered courteously without a
smile. ‘The most dangerous animal
in the mountains?” ““The rivers, un-
doubtedly the rivers.’ He told us
tragic tales. One saw the green,
snarling snow water—alive—a dan-
ee Oue animal that took its yearly
toll

A very perfect day, perfectly
finished; and we were Active Mem-
bers of the A. C. C.

Somewhere within the following
week we went to Shadow Lake. Just
when I doubt few could have said,
the very days lose their names in
Camp, we reverted unconsciously to
the primitive and counted by hap-
penings only—ahd that is the truer
count.

Shadow Lake, under Mount Ball
was a two days’ expedition, and, ow-
ing to weather conditions though
twice attempted from Camp, it had
not yet been accomplished. A day’s
journey out we made a flying camp—
a mushroom growth of canvas, a blue
drift of smoke, a smell of frying bacon.

As we sat down to that same bacon
someone made the discovery that we
were an unlucky number, and turned
on our guide with some laughing en-
quiry as to his acceptance of the
situation. He—Crusoe reincarnate—

We may worship nature but we sing

t

Mee Me: ty Tat eed

St

the melancholy of that dead life still
stamped on his face, stared at us a
moment, then half reluctant of ex-
pression ““Well....it cannot help.”
He turned back to cutting bread.
Through that economical reply, ran
the forked lightning of superstition
and fatalism, recurrent forces, wher-
ever men’s work brings them in close
contact with the dangerous edge of
nature.

There were singing birds at that
camping ground, the only place we
heard them in all the mountains. At
sundown they sang thin and sweet
in this last wood beneath the snows.

We went up next day through the

Haiduk Pass, where the low hanging
clouds caught and bridged the rocks
above our heads. A mountain goat
had crossed the snow shortly before
us but tactlessly had not waited our
arrival. Once over the divide we
descended by the Haiduk Lake, a
monotype in grey and white, most
desolate, to open valleys of wood and
meadow, where we delayed a while to
chase a porcupine up a tree.
_ A porcupine seen for the first time
is an improbable looking affair. In
regarding him one is reminded of that
gentleman who, towards the end of a
long evening, saw a rat run across the
room. After a pregnant pause he
turned to his companions; “I know
what you're all thinking; you thought
I saw arat—but I didn’t.” One feels
rather that way towards the porcu-
pine. Even if one believes in him
there still remains the impression that
he is unfinished, that he must have
fallen off the table and escaped out
of the door before Dame Nature had
quite finished with him.

Leaving our particular porcupine
we drifted on patiently, hopping over
burns like a long row of decrepit
srasshoppers, till the waters grew too
big for any jumping, and after a slow
struggle through thick timber, we
came out on the borders of Shadow
Lake itself. The substance of that
shadow was the white mountain that
sprang sheer from the green water
and was crested again with green
glacier, as a wave turns over and
shows the light beneath the foam.
There are so many beauties hidden
in the valleys of the Rockies that eye

ROD AND GUN.

ey aa 5
rae

. Po fe - fi 3 ae ‘~ es
and mind are apt to grow c
in afterthought, rememberin
that beauty was everywhere, but this . —
particular picture remains clear cut
through a certain splendid simplicity;
the towering whiteness with the light
in its crest, the peacock lake at its
foot. . i

We ate, and turned up the hill face —
reluctantly, but it was long past noon,
and even our guide said we had far
to go which, from him was a porten- _
tous admission. Dusk found us
crawling up the last valley between
ourselves and camp. As part of a
canvas to be entitled ““Refugees” we
might have been effective; otherwise
—However, we were within two miles
of Camp, so we trudged on stubborn-
ly, believing in supper.

A little wind came up to meet us ©
and on it came a fog, a thick fog, and
in five minutes it was night. Wemade
camp where we were, there was noth-
ing else for it; till we had light we
were lost. We lit a great fire and,
except that we were short of food,
had nothing tocomplainof. Headto |
heel we slept a complete necklace
about the fire. When we grew cold
on the off-fire side, or were kicked —
a shade too insistently by the next
pair of iron studded boots, we woke,
gazed round us with a general air of
lunacy, and conversed with those in —
the same case as ourselves. There
was only one subject, the thing we
should like to eat if we had the chance.
—that varied from a cinnamon bun
to a beefsteak pie. Meantime we ate |
a limited quantity of acid drops, a
pleasing but hardly nourishing form —
of food, and there was glycerine for _
anyone who fancied it. .

It was a quaint enough scene; the
close walls of the fog shutting usin,
the sprawling figures of the sleepers,
our own sleep-drugged faces in the
firelight as we sat talking disjointedly
falling asleep again between whiles. —

Dawn brought nothing save a
lightening of the walls. As far as —
locality -went we might have been
anywhere on the Canadian map; the ~
land sloped up hill and vanished ~
completely within fifty yards; here —
and there a tree showed up as sub- |
stantial as a cast shadow. But o
guide rounded us up like a hen wit!

oy

a a ae

J Ao ae
Sd Ds

es.
» ee:

orate
ay Ee, Pe.

pen eee
EO ven if

.

se cheeping disconsolately at
oe S.
~ Somewhere in that featureless void
his trained senses took hold, he tried
hither and yon.—Have you ever seen
a good dog working after a wounded
_ bird it cannot see?—Then he turned
on his following: ““Coom along; we
go home; twenty minutes.” He
plunged through the blank world, for
once regardless of the speed of his
following who strung out instantly, a
thin frieze of ghosts against the fog,
and inside the promised time we were
- clamouring before the cook tent de-
- manding “breakfast! breakfast!’’ of
__ our smiling, unworried cook.
4
>

There were other days of sunshine
and most hot endeavour, or idleness,
equally content.

There was a grey morning when we
massed about the fire at the upper

cited on the earnest suggestion of Mr.
F. W. Godsal, a keen member of the Club,
the Pincher Creek Town Council is petition-
ing the Superintendent of Dominion Parks
to build a road in the little known Waterton
Lakes Park for a distance of about six miles
up Mill Creek to render access easy to Mount
Windsor, long known as Castle Mountain
in the neighbourhood. The surroundings
of the mountain are beautiful and well worth
exploring.

The trail cut by the Parks authorities at
Banff from the Middle Hot Springs to the
7 Cave and Basin has been much used and
greatly appreciated this summer. It is a
charming walk through the trees and cuts off
more than a mile of dusty road. It has cer-
tainly been successful in attracting many
more bathers to the lower baths.

Professor Holway of Minneapolis, and Dr.
_ Gilmour again went to the Northern Rockies
this summer. Last year they were turned
_ back when within little more than a hundred
feet from the summit of Mt. Longstaff.
This year they made it, in all kinds of wea-
ther: sunshine, fog, hail, snow, rain, thunder
and lightning; and a rainbow graced them
late in the day. They then proceeded to
the Cariboo mountains which are unmapped
and except by a rare trapper, unknown,
_ Professor Holway found the region most
fascinating and hopes to spend two months
11t next summer. He is preparing an article
his experiences for next year’s Canadian
Ipine Journal.

Pe ‘ ; er a Ss ns ey . 1 Oe
f chickens and plunged into the camp and | tened to t

strong voice reading out the mess
that would go from us to those ot
also of “‘Us”, now in the trenches. —
Afterwards there was a silence a five
minutes’ quietude, prearranged across
the seas in which we in peace and,
they in war should think together
should become for a moment one —
camp. ;

The Anglo-Saxon struggling with
the problems of thought transference
for the space of five minutes has in
him the element of humour, and yet—
outside through the trees the flag —
strained and snapped in the gusts of
the wind, the woodash swirled up from ~
the fire and settled on us standing
motionless. If we had not vision, as ~
they must have had vision, remem-
bering the mountains, the smoke of
past fires, yet, at the least, we were in a
ourselves a memorial. They might —
remember, but we could not forget.

—

ALPINE CLUB NOTES

Another member of the Club has been
awarded the Military Cross for bravery in
battle, Captain George M. Smith, formerly
lecturer in Modern History at Toronto Uni-
versity. He has been an enthusiastic mem-
ber of the Club since 1909, and was in Camp
when war was declared in 1914.

The Western Vice-President of the Club,
Major W. W. Foster of Victoria, has been
awarded the D.S.O. At the outbreak ‘vf
the war he had a commission in the B.C.
Horse which was later merged in the 2nd
C.M.R. After taking special training he
became grenade officer with the C.E.F.
Four months ago he was given his Majority
and placed at the head of “‘C’’ Company.
He is an enthusiastic mountaineer and was
one of the party which conquered Mt. Robson
in 1913.

In the last issue of “L’Echo des Alpes”
the organ of the French speaking sections of
the Swiss Alpine Club, is an account of an
accident arising in a most strange way. Three
young men were climbing, roped together
properly and all seemed well. Suddenly the
rope broke and all three fell some distance.
Fortunately the most serious damage was a
broken wrist. On examining the rope which
was nearly new, it was found that instead
of being marked with the usual red thread-
the centre had been liberally dyed black
with nitrate of silver, such as is used for mark-
ing linen. The caustic qualities had acted
on the hemp and the centre o1 the rope was
decayed.

TTU ISLAND, Alaska, is farther west of
San Francisco than that city is west of

_~ Eastport, Maine. To the average Am-
erican or Canadian the very name is synony-
mous with gold and glaciers, but of the coun-
try itself he knows less than of any other
spot on the continent. He doesn’t realize
that Alaska contains fiords equal to those
of Norway, that Alaska contains more than
two hundred immense and unmatched gla-
clers, some of them near neighbors to active
volcanoes, such as Wrangell, whose smok-
ing summit forms the eastern end of a chain
of living and.dead lava peaks a thousand
miles long. Nor does he realize the climatic
variations that are to be found in Alaska,
where the coldest month of Sitka is no colder

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

Near Glacier, Alaska.

(4)
Hydraulic Lift at work below Discovery, Glacier Creek.

Hanging Rock.

(3)

(2). Wrangell, Alaska.
(5)

Totem Poles.

(1)

than that of St. Louis, the warmest* month
of San Francisco and*Juneau are of identical
record; and yet Point Barrow, on its northern
fringe, is 300 miles within the Arctic Circle
and has no sun for forty days out of every
year.

Leaving Vancouver in a comfortable Can-
adian Pacific ‘“‘Princess’’ steamer, the traveller
wakes next morning to his first view of the
typical and wonderfully beautiful scenery of
the solemn fiord country. Seymour Nar-
rows ushers him into smooth, island-dotted
waters that lead to Alert Bay, where he
may see fifty-foot totem poles and a modern
hospital by the cedar lodges of the Kwakiutls.

At evening time Queen Charlotte Sound
is reached and for the first and only occa-

fy

4
*
3
J

Sl ea

- Sound, Finlayson Channel, they all
in the night as the ship steams northward.
- Morning

_ is an immense mill turning Douglas firs.into

trip the vessel rides open
le the whale spouts in the offing
asking shark lies in the last sun-

| the b
shine. | :
River Inlet, Namu, Bella Bella, Milbank
slip by
rings Swanson Bay, where there

paper pulp.

At the mouth of the Skeena a fleet of sal-
mon boats is encountered and passengers
leave for many points on the river, which

_ is navigable for 180 miles.

Cape Fox marks the southern point of
Alaska and soon Ketchikan is reached, a
modern town solidly planted on the most
difficult of hilly ground. Copper has made
Ketchikan, but the tourist will perhaps be
more interested in the vanishing Indian with

woven baskets than in the advancing
miner.

Wrangell Narrows is a fascinating and
pulseless shadowland, where the vessel goes
too slowly through the widening channel to
break the reflection of the midnight sun
in the solemn northern waters. At the end
of the passage glaciers are sighted for the
first time. These huge and awe-inspiring
ice are characteristic of Alaska. In Sum-
dum Bay a hundred or more may be seen

$
; i aia: id eNay i

along the walls. The scenery is a
est description and the plunging bergs keep
the fiord roaring like some vast foundry of
the gods. Farther north, the Taku Glacier
stretches a mile wide along Taku Bay, the
largest of forty-five ice streams emptying
their gorgeous colored bergs in the path of —
the steamer. txt

At the bottom of a sheer 3,000 foot moun- —
tain, Juneau has ensconsed itself as the ©

capital of Alaska, and is a well-built city, as

although there couldn’t be found a naturally
level spot on which to place a single large
building. The townspeople are up-to-date,
phenomenally healthy and entirely sane
despite the rush created past of the district
and its present dependence on gold mining.
After leaving Juneau there is an all-day
trip up Lynn Canal to Skagway, the end
of the journey and the best-known town
in Alaska. In the wild days of ’98, Skagway
was ‘the door through which all trail-hitters
struck for the gold fields, taking the line of
the present White Pass & Yukon Railway.
The Canadian Pacific steamers remain lon
enough for the passengers to take the roa
as far as White Pass, or up to White Horse,
if a sufficient number wish to explore the
dizzy peaks, the terrific gorges and sound-
ing glaciers of the north country. The
round trip from Vancouver lasts nine days.

THE LOST CABIN MINE OF
CALCHAS CREEK

MIKE JAY

T’S away up the cold Klondike.

To be exact, Calchas Lake is in the

Yukon country, and the lost Cabin
Mine is somewhere along the little stream
that flows out of the lake into the Pelley
River. The Pelley joins the Louis at Fort
Selkirk to form the Yukon River and—the
geography class now adjourns.

Take it from me, Cheechako, that vast
Northland is just chuck full of all kinds of
weird stories. Yep, all kinds of ’em. Every
town in it just brims over with tales of hid-
den rich gulches, legends of lost little pay
creeks where nuggets gleam in the sun and
mythical tiny valleys where the grass roots
spring from virgin gold dust.

But Jim Stephens—yes Stephens is the way
he spelt it; he hadn’t anything better in the
way of a handle than just that, though he
looked like your imaginary picture of Alaska
Jack—Jim Stephens certainly did have the

_ cussedest and queerest and weirdest tale of

the great white Northland that beat all the
millions and millions of tales ever told both

__ by the men who “panned the speckled sand”

and the men who had the sand to write

___ Klondike stories without ever going farther
i north than Hoboken, N. J.

a Mississippi river man”

We were gathered in the dingy office of a
morning newspaper in a Pacific Coast city
that real estate promoters libelously term the
“Gateway of the Yukon”. Hansbrough once
of Virginia, but now a big game hunter and
Northland trader, lounged behand the cob-
web of a cigarette. Big Jim Stephens liter-
ally filled the rest of a small city room, and
between short snappy puffs of an abnormally
stunted !clay pipe he told the graphic story
of the finding of the Lost Cabin Mine of
Calchas Lake.

Oh, yes, you want to know what Jim looked
like. Well, he upheld the traditions laid
down by moving picture producers of Rex
Beach’s stories. He had on a stiff brim
Stetson hat, a long rain coat and high sur-
veyor’s shoes. His face was rather florid; he
had a broken nose and rather large gray eyes
that could cover long distances. One look
at Jim and you got a mental photograph of
leagues on leagues of white wastes cf the grim
North stretching into a back ground for him
and—you get the idea? Alright, here’s Jim’s
story.

“Say listen” drawled Jim in the manner of
ippi some of these
modern inventions ain’t near so modern as

848

—-),* = ll eee” ort - . ae Bg a,

ROD AND Gl

they make ’em out to be. _I recollect back in
"98 when—” he stopped to light his pipe again.

“Ladue and me,” he continued puffing the
pipe with satisfaction, ‘“Laduc’s a French-
Canadian—hit the trail of the lost Cabin
Mine of Calchas Lake. ;

“It come about September time and found
us in Fort Selkirk on the Yukon. We were
putting in time waiting for the summer batch
of prospectors to show up with their finds.
The camp you see, has a mining recorder’s
office and all the prospectors dropped in to
register. Every time a couple made camp,
we'd pump them as to what they had run
across in their trips. In this way we hoped
to get in early on a stampede to new diggins.”

“One afternoon near sundown, we made
out a fellow poling a raft down the Pelley
river. There hadn’t been any prospectors
in for a couple of days so when Laduc and I
saw this fellow was in difficulty we put out
and helped him in.”

“He was an Englishman about six foot tall,
but he was a gentleman.” Jim said it as if
few Englishmen were gentlemen, then went
on: “He thanked us courteously and asked
right off, as to when the next steamer out
would be along.”

“Oh, in a day or two’ we tells him and
then he informed us that he’s in a hurry to
get out of the country. Our suspicions were
aroused. Laduc asks him if he’s been out on
a prospecting trip.”

“He makes an evasive answer.
he has and again that he hasn’t.”’

“Well did you go out on a hunting trip?’
That’s our next question.

““*No’ he says sort of sad. Then he re-
fuses to talk and we decided to wait a while
before pumping him further.

“So we invited him up to the camp for
supper, Laduc, having been a French chef
once in the course of his wanderings, fixed up
a skookum supper that sure tickled that
Englishman’s palate. For remember, that
stranger has been out in the woods all sum-
mer, living on Alaska’s National food and
baked beans is apt to get tiresome when you
have it day in and day out for a couple of
months.”

“By and by when the dishes are cleared
from the table and our pipes are lit and we’re
sitting around the fire, Laduc gave me the
high sign and we eased another question about
the prospecting trip into the stranger.”

“Well, about that time he’s feeling sort of
set-up and comfy after that kind of a meal and
he starts to talk.”

“*You fellows’ he says” have been pretty
good to me and treated me handsome and so
if you promise not to laugh and not think it

He says

- supny [ll tell you what it was I went after,

in this woods this past summer.” ”

“And then he starts in and gives us the
darndest story you ever heard. It concerns
mostly his relatives and the whole thing works
around an uncle of his that was once in the
Yukon and who by the way was the original
discoverer of the mine on Calchas Lake and—
well here’s the story he told us from the be-
ginning.”’

“This stranger’s uncle, it seems is a pro-
fessor of science or something like that in a

1} te
“De “bi a
ago, long

1 Mas Univ

“And this uncle is more than
He’s a mixture between an inventor .
scientist. He dabbles in these sg
experiments but in order to lg
he teaches in the University. e's
pretty a Sag 5 for a professor, when he
meets up with a beautiful lady who like him- __
self is a scientific experimenter. She’sa sort _
of Madam Curie, you savvy, and all this
scientific stuff is just bread and cheese for her.
Well, she just naturally catches the pro-
fessor’s eye. The outcome is as plain aaleies ping Fe
teeth in a glass ot water, for the professor falls __
in love with her and the lady tumbles to the
professor and the showdown is that the two
get married. Sexi i

Then begins a real happy life for both of
them. The professor goes on teaching and
when he’s not teaching the two of them are
together experimenting with his scientific
junk. They sure do enjoy it till by eg ia
they got so that without each other bo Aine
looks like the color of black velvet. And the
funny thing is that the longer they live toget-

tab
So he sets to work des-
perately to use every bit of his power asa
scientist to keep her with him on earth as
long as possible. But-all his varied know- “a .
ledge isn’t worth much. His wife finally dies __
in his arms calling on him to save her from the _
clutching hands of death. a See
Well after his wife’s dead and buried the
professor doesn’t know what to do with him-
self. For a while he’s very quiet and a
about his work in a sort of half-dazed con-
dition. By and by the very sight of the
laboratory where he once worked with her, — ;
the house where they lived and loved together __
and everything that reminds him of her just —
sends him crazy. His love had been deep
and his sorrow was deeper. In fact it was —
too much to bear. In a wise moment the ~
relatives persuade the professor to resign his ©
post and to get away from the scenes so dear —
to her memory. So he manages to grab a —
job with the Hudson Bay Traders Company ~
of the great North-west. Se
“Then the old boy closes up the ho
which is no longer a home to him; packs
his precious inventions and that’s the las
relatives hear of him for the next tw

: -S
es aren’t interested till the
arrying a poke of gold-dust wo
ity thousand pounds. Gold dust was rare
in England in those days and this makes his
rel atives suddenly become solicitious about
his welfare.
- “He’s in London for maybe, three days and
then, presto! the professor and the twenty
thousand pounds disappear like magic.
Enquiry at his rooms brings no news of his
__ whereabouts. The relatives institute a fever-
ish search for the owner of the twenty thous-
and pounds.
Rive days later he turned up in a sani-
__tarium suffering from the effects of what ap-
parently had been one big skookum carousal.
_ Investigation disclosed the fact that the home
which had been closed up twenty years before
by the professor has been broken into and the
entire place wrecked. ‘The relatives put two
and two together and figured it out that the
professor had re-visited the scenes of his
happy days and the place had brought such
vivid memories of his wife that the shock had
unhinged his mind causing him to go mad
with such terrible results. From then on
the professor stayed in the sanitarium and
most of the time was kept in a strait-jacket.

“One day he shows signs of lucidity. He
calls for his nephew, the same fellow that’s
telling us the story.”

“To the nephew, the old professor un-
burdens himself and tells a story of a mine in
the Yukon from which came the gold dust he
brought to London. He also tells of a cabin
built on the shores of Calchas Lake. Next
he draws a map of the Yukon country and
shows where this mysterious gold mine is
located. He marks the spot near the mouth
of the lake where his cabin is said to stand
and he-tells the youngster that in that lonely
cabin in the wilds of the Great North-west
will be found all the greatest inventions of the
age.

“The nephew is eager to question the aged
man farther but a casual remark about the
deaa wife sets the professor mad and he almost
kills the young chap before the guards come
to the rescue. The nephew stays around
hoping to have another talk with the pro-
fessor during a lucid interval but the waiting

is in vain. The old man dies raving of his
3 wife’s voice calling, calling to him for help.”

2 “So that’s how it was that this young
3 Englishman came to be in Fort Selkirk in the

fall of that year.” 2

It seems he had put in the whole summer
in the woods searching for the lost cabin and
the mine on the creek that flowed out of
Calchas Lake into the Pelley River. His
search had been fruitless. He told us in
detail how he had gone up the Pelley looking
along the north side for a stream that flowed
from a lake such as his uncle had described to
him. Now, he was disgusted with the whole
_ idea and was positive that the map had been

a wild dream of the professor’s and that no
_ such cabin, no such lake, and no such mine or
creek existed.”
“We admitted that in all probability he was
We had been over part of that coun-

London — . cand couldn't “recollect 2
<empt and _ half-savag'

a:
escribed. eta yi Sr eae
‘However, when the Englishman got av
on the “out” boat the next day we gladly —
accepted the map he presented to us prior to _
his jumping the steamer.” ae

“Then Ladue turned to me and said “We
find that lake, Jeem, by Gar’ and I agree
that we would take a try at it. Thus it wa
that late in the fall we hit the trail of the
Lost Cabin Mine of Calchas Lake.” :

“Instead of going up the River, like the
young fellow had done and keeping an eye
open for a stream that flowed from a lake,
Laduc and I took to the hills along the
northern water-shed of the Pelley. Well,
we hit the trail for fair. Three days and
nights we put in up and down the roughest
country that God ever made. Big game ~
was fairly plentiful but of a lake of any kind ~
we caught no sign. Finally one morning we ~
made out in the distance a long line of grey
against the green background on the valley’s
slope. Laduc swore it was nothing more than
a fogbank and I admitted that it had the ap-
pearance of a mirage. With a tightening of
our hearts we pushed on. Itlookedtousthat
the end of the trail was in sight at last. Late
that afternoon we topped another peak and
made out the long mountain lake, nestling in
the cool green hollows far, far below us like a
slim thread of quicksilver.

“Then we started down through that for-
est. Well, I’ve been through some _hell-
country but going through that dense brush
down towards the lake’s edge was the worst
I ever struck. For two days we stumbled and
fell over logs and into pitfalls,it looked like
ae very woods were against us getting to that
ake.”

“Well, one morning we broke cover and
stood on the green sloping shores of what I
firmly believe is the most beautiful lake in
the world. You can talk of Killarney but
Calchas Lake has it beaten forty ways to
breakfast.”

“We judged it about twelve miles long and
a couple of miles wide. It lay in the bosom
of that quiet valley like a lost blue pearl.
And the setting. Never had a pearl more
finer setting. Sheer from the water’s edge
rose the giant white peaks with their green

Ps a Nad a ce ire nel Ps

wt

Ms aw
: s ’ e337
ey Do y er AS ar eS
(git dia ies i wath) dR) ae eB

bases of great pines that trooped in scattered z
array around the shores of the lake like avast 2
invading army. I never hope to look upon 3
a grander sight than Calchas Lake at sun- 3
rise.” ;

“Well, now we had found the lake. The 3
next thing was to find that-cabin, if such a

thing there was. We hit along the edge of by
the lake; sometimes walking on the pebbled Dp
beach and sometimes stepping softly along
the close cut grass that lay like a great green 3
carpet through the mansions of Pines. oe
Honestly, the more we saw of the place the 2
more I imagined it to be a great park and I :
fully expected to see at any moment a sign Bp.
telling us to ‘Keep off the Grass.” i

“It was like going through the longest —
church in the world; that’s how it felt to walk
between those columns upon columns. of
straight giant pines. In places you could
look down aisles a mile long, carpeted with

ss.

850

grass and fragrant with the incense of the
pine cones. It got on Laduc’s nerves so much
that he thought he was in church and un-
consciously took off his hat. That will give
you an impression of what it meant to travel
the trail = ale Calchas Lake,”

“We pushed on till noon. Then we cooked
a silent meal and struck along. All afternoon
we kept going at a fair clip; our eyes straining
around each point for a sight of the cabin.

“Just about nightfall, when I began to
think of suggesting to Laduc that we pitch
camp, we turned a bluff and Laduc grunted.
Then even though we couldn’t make out
anything ahead in the hazy twilight we both
felt that we were nearing civilization. Out
in the woods, you know, you always feel the

resence of civilization before you actually

nd it.”

“The hunch made us hit a faster pace for
dusk was rapidly settling over the landscape.
Tired as we were, the prosper of finding the
long lost Cabin set the blood to tingling in our
veins and the excitement put a new stimulus
to our aching feet. Laduc was getting real
excited and he stumbled like a bewildered
horse as we hurried on through the gathering
darkness.”

“In front of a little rise of ground, hard by
the lake shore we dropped our packs and
climbed the knoll like a couple of scared
mountain goats. And there, some two hun-
dred feet farther up the hill sat the long lost
Cabin of Calchas Lake crouching like a white
hound against the grim black forest in the
background.”

“No smoke curled from the brick chimney
and as we trotted up the trail I noticed that
the garden was overgrown with weeds and
that the path was knee deep with wild grass for
it swayed drunkenly in the breath of the
night wind.”

“Twenty feet from the cabin we stopped
in mute surprise.”

“Instead of the usual log-shanty that might
be expected out there in the woods, we dis-
covered that the lost cabin was an English-
built home. No heavy ponderous logs had
been used in its construction. ‘Timber that
had been splintered into boards and small
round logs had been utilized. In fact
everything in the outward appearance of the
house from the windmill on the roof to the
glass flower house on the side had been done
in the thorough and painstaking and com-
ag manner of a Britisher building his home.

he green moss lay thick in every crevice and
lichen bloomed in queer corners.”

“Useless as we knew it to be, however both
Laduc and me yells out a ‘hello’. Only the
uncanny reverberating echo from>»across the
dark waters answered us with a hollow laugh.
Without further ado we smashed the door and
stumbied into the now darkened room. With
the aid of a couple of matches we made
out the interior. Everything we saw con-
vinced us that the house was the lost cabin
of Calchas Lake.”

“The fireplace was built in English-style.
The furniture was English and uncomfortable
and even the frames of the pictures on the
wall were English make. The plaster was
done in an English way and the floor was
laid with rotted mats. One look satisfied

“The moment I ie 86 out of that ho
I had another hunch. The weather had —
changed, the wind veering around to the east
had sent great black clouds scudding. The
sky to the west was grim and forboding. The
romise was for a big storm before morning.
his sent a oy feeling down the spine and
gave me a hunch that maybe we were tres-
passing. Laduc shivered in the wind that —
swept up from the dark woods. He too, took ai
a slant upwards and then he says: o

‘** “Jeem, inside we sleep, huh?’ and motion-
ed towards the house. didn’t answer for a
moment and then came a huge clap of thunder.

‘“**T guess we do” I told him and we hustled
off to our packs. The first ie lob of rain
dropped square on my face as I leaned back
to hoist the pack to my shoulder, and then
it was a neck and neck race up the hill against
the storm. We just made the door when
down comes the biggest deluge since Mister Kee
John Henry Noah’s time. The night shut tt
on us like a blanket.”

“We lit a blaze in the open fire-place out
of some of that priceless English furniture
and by and by it got to be pretty comfortable. |
Especially after Laduc cooked supper on the Ae
crackling fire. During the meal we speculated act
on the day’s adventure.”

“Laduc was confident that we’d find the esti
mine and maybe og out a fortune. But I
wasn’t so sure. The wholé lay-out had an
evil look to me. Well, not so much an evil
look as too much of a pious look. Everythin
seemed to have been made for our coming an
the real prospector doesn’t look for things that
way. I had a feeting all the time that the
owner of the house would come into the room
from one of the other chambers and tell us to
get out. And even Laduc shows that sort of
thinking and gets to glancing half-scared into
the other apartments that opened away from
the living room.

‘We turned in about nine o’clock, I should
judge. After the day’s excitement and the
possibility of more on the morrow I just
turned over once and dropped off to sleep like
a tired kid.”

“T reckon it was around about midnight
that I woke up with a pain in my back. I
surmised Laduc had kicked me and a French-
man’s kick is worse than a mule’s.

***Shush-ssh’ cautions Laduc with what
I’m sure was a chattering of teeth. The room
was very still and warm and the embers in
the fireplace made fun y jumping shadows
on the walls and ceiling.’

““‘T hear woman speek, Jeem, Ah-ha,
yeaan speek’ whispers Laduc between
gu ps.” ;

** “Aw ?gwan to sleep’ I yells to him. Then
to show my utter indifference I turned over
and pretty soon went to sleep again.”

“I figure I hadn’t been asleep more than
ten minutes after that, when—”

“ ‘Bang!’ ” .

“““Jeem, Jeem’ says Laduc in a hoarse ~
voice while his teeth clattered like the tatoo
an orchestra drummer plays before the death

>

defying act in a vaudeville show.’ i
Be ‘Jeem, the woman, ah-aah, she speek, —
Ss. e— > “4

iw.

the house with a milli

RAN ert

), pardon me,

y. No
real mad. I was

fe“] hear the wind rip over the roof with a

long swish like the flounce of a woman’s skirt.
The windmill groans and creaks and then—
just as if it were right over my ear comes the
most plaintive and agonizing voice of a woman
moaning—”

® “‘Oh! John. Jo-hn-on. John, John dear.
Can’t you help me, help me? Oh-oh-o-o00-oh,
help me-o0-00-ooo—’’And it dies away into a
dismal squeak.

-- “T jumped like a scared Siwash.

F£ “With my gun in hand, I tip-toed around
that room. My finger was on the trigger
ready for instant action.

Then I scouted through the other rooms
with no results. I didn’t find a thing in the
whole lay-out and so I scrambled out into the
rain and clean around the house. But when
I gets to the front door I discovers—

**Laduc, three hundred yards down the trail

and going for all he’s worth to judge by his
yelling.”
f Well, sir, scared as I had been a few
moments before, I just had to sit down and
laugh myself sick. Laduc looked so damned
funny in a night shirt racing through the rain
for all the world like a scared jack rabbit.
The laugh sort of put a little courage into me
and I argued it out that no ghost dead or
alive could frighten Jim Stephens.

I told myself I was man enough to go into

Sn ahsts and get those
packs of ours. Well, by and by the rain drove
me toit. So I walked into the house, stamp-
ing and whistling like a frightened boy on a
lonely road that runs by a graveyard.

With a forced feeling of ease I gathered up
our scattered belongings. I made myself
take all the time I could. Those packs were
our property. They didn’t belong to Lady
Ghost and,—finally I got them ready. Just
as I was about to lift them to my shoulder—

I felt a sort of breath pass my ears and then
in a voice of a soul damned to the tortures of
hell forever came that woman’s voice calling—

“**Og-o0-0-0-00-oh! Oh! Jo-hn-on, dear.
Can’t you help me? h-o-oo-oh, John help—
help—help-help-help-help-help, me, help me.”
It quavered and squeaked like the voice of one
in the throes of a mortal agony.

“This time I didn’t stop to investigate.”

“T went out with our packs quicker than
Laduc had gone out without them. And it
wasn’t any Sreat length of time before I was
standing beside the Frenchman on the shores
of the storm-ridden lake.

“For the next ten minutes we just sat on a *

log and shivered in the downpour. When I
got to breathing regularly again I decided to
try and induce Laduc to come back with me
and investigate. I did it more to show Laduc
I wasn’t scared but there was nothing doing
on the come-back stuff for Laduc. I had
about as much chance of moving him as

a shifting Gibraltar.

_ “He admitted that he’d go anywhere, with

Me except into that house. He declared he

¥

ak Wc
was convinced that there was
ghost there and that his chivalrous 1
wouldn’t permit him to disturb the la
anything and besides, he argued, that
wasn’t our house and we hadn’t any business —
meddling with the charming lady’s property, —
an a

yway. :
“So we built a fire on the shore and s:
around it the rest of the night trying to figu
out the mystery of the lost cabin mine
Calchas Lake. ,

“It was the longest night I ever spent in
my life and it passed at last. Daylight found
us cooking breakfast and warming up our
courage. ‘The steaming food put a little more
pep in us and after drying out our clothes we —
started back for the house. es

“The rain stopped. The clouds broke up —

and the morning sun came beaming through
and filled us with new life as we mushed over
the back trail to the house. Our midnight —
fears seemed small and childish and my part- —
ner hummed a light air as we rounded the
knoll before the house. The place didn’t
look mysterious in broad daylight but we
didn’t make any hurry about breaking in this
time. :
“We entered like a couple of burglars.
After thoroughly searching the main living
room and the other rooms we tapped the walls
and the ceiling with our prospecting hammers
and found nothing. We even lifted the rot-_
ting mats to see if there was a ceilar but it was"
no use. Apparently there was no way of
accounting for the mysterious voice except by
admitting that there had been a ghost or that
we were hearing things.

“For a time we gave up the search and de-
cided to hit down the lake and look for the
creek and the lost cabin mine of Calchas Lake. ©
No sooner had we gained the open, however,
but we noticed for a second time the glass
house or lean-to which we had over-looked
in our ghost search. The panes were all
frosted up and after vainly trying to peer
through we somewhat fearfully broke down
the door and walked in.

“And there was the neatest little scientific
laboratory north of forty-nine. Tall grad-
ients and bottles of varied colored fluids
ranged along the wall shelves and there were
trays of dust covered powders on the tables.
Everything was grime encrusted and musty-
looking. ‘The place smelled like the embalm-
ing room of an undertaker’s parlors and over
it all, hung the stench of dead things. We
reckoned that there hadn’t been a human
being in the place for many years. Every-
thing we touched was covered with the dust
of ages. There remained one exception. :

‘This was a little contrivance that set out 4
over the air shaft between the laboratory and Z
the main living room, in which we had spent =—§-_—-
a part of the previous night. This machine My
unlike the others was well oiled. Above it &
was an automatic can that kept it greased. ui

“Laduc with his inherent propensity for e
meddling, jerked the pulley that ranfrom the ~—
machine to the windmill on the roof. A little ee
black roller began to revolve and then sud- © k
denly from the horn that pointed towards the
airshaft, came— f

“““Oh John—John—Can’t you help me, i’
help me?” it said in agonizing tones of a :

Z

ny a ROD AND GUI

woman in pain. L
laid both hands on the little machine and
pulled it to the ground cutting off the words
and smashing the black roller into a thousand
fragments.

“Yes, you’ve guessed it. A phonograph
with a record of the dead woman’s voice.
Probably it was taken by the professor at the
death bed of the woman who was his wife
when he came to the conclusion she could not
live. His idea had been to keep her last words
with him and to retain the sound of her dear
voice with him while he lived. They had
been her last dying words and also the first
I ever heard on a phonograph—”’

“But Jim about the mine” broke in Hans-
brough and then like the true Virginian” he
added. “Eh I beg your pardon. I am sorry
for interrupting. Go ahead with your story,
Jim.”

The thread of the wonderful tale had been
broken. The spell that Jim Stephen had
cast over us in reciting that gripping ghost
story was shattered like the little black record
of the dead professor’s wife— :

“Never mind” said Jim softly, ““‘What is it
you want to know?”

“Why, you’ve forgotten to tell us of the
mine in the creek” said Hansbrough.

“Oh! about the mine’ remarked Jim.
“Well, yes, sure we found the creek all right
but there was nothing to the gold mine. It

Ladue wild-eyed and excited

ems the old prof

and made the go he took.
ic dealing wit ci
whiskey—”’

“So your trip wasn’t a success, after all— o ~
I broke in with the question. — \ AQ

‘““Wasn’t a success?” echoed Jim with up-
lifted eyebrows. ‘Sure thing it was. It’s
true we didn’t find any gold—oh, no. But |
we did find—say let me tell you, that we
found one of the grandest big game countries
that God ever made. Caribou and bear and ~
silver fox—why say,—‘“‘Jim paused for breath __
to describe the wonders of the big game
country. ates. a

“Yes, yes. Go on, Go on—” broke iia.
Hansbrough eagerly and excitedly. Helean-
ed forward in his chair to betfer get the in-
formation that Jim was about to give. Gold
may be gold and something worth while to
poor humans but Big Game—ha, that’s some-
thing really worth while. . oe

But after all Big Game is for the big game __
hunter such as Hansbrough. Jim’s wonderful
ghost story was enough for me and I left the
two big-game followers still talking in bated
breaths of the grand caribou grounds of the
Pelley River, the long deer runs and the wide —
valleys peopted with polar bear and hidden
silver fox trails of the great Yukon land while”
I came away to write this, the story of the
long lost Cabin Mine of Calchas Lake. me a

BY PADDLE AND PORTAGE FROM |

SEVERN FALLS TO PORT ~— :
McNICHOL =e

Fe ie

J Eee

HERE were but two of us, banker and
lawyer, to whom the Call of the Wild
had proved irresistible, making us gaze

askance at piled-up desk and insistent tele-
phone, and it found us only too ready for an
excuse to leave both for a belated vacation
down the river. Plans for a trip on a larger
scale had fallen through owing to the Great
War, and we hailed with glee this opportunity
to forget dull care and get back to Nature
for a while.

The Canadian Pacific Railway delivered us
safely, canoe, dunnage and grub-box, at
Severn Falls on the Severn River, about three
o'clock in the afternoon of a cool October
day. We alighted in the midst of a gang of
employees of the Inland Construction Com-
pany who have charge of this section of the
Trent Valley Canal, that artificial waterway
which when completed will link up the
Georgian Bay with Lake Ontario by the in-
land route. We hustled our stuff from the
station to the wharf and got loaded up just
too late to get a tow from a gasoline launch
in charge of a party doing things on a more
pretentious scale than ours. As this was the

last boat going down stream that evening, we __
laid aside our coats and settled down to buck
a stiff breeze and choppy waves which neces-
sitated quite a lot of energy on our part to
make headway against. To add to our
troubles, the weather which had been threat-
ening for the last little while, now blew up
rain, so at the first sprinkle we spread a
waterproof over our dunnage, turned up our
collars and went to it. After a few smart
showers the storm clouds rolled by and out
came the sun, which we took to be a good- ~
omen for the rest of the day. ioe

The first portage was at the Big Chute,
where the river takes a drop of some sixty
feet, and where Nature has been harnessed to
supply light and power to the surrounding ©
country. We soon had our stuff across and
headed for a nice level pointabout half a mile _

~ away. We could hardly have struck a more —

suitable camping place, high and dry, a good
landing-place for the canoe, and plenty of
firewood. It was only a matter of a fe
minutes ere our tent was slung on a rope
between two trees, and while the lawyel
gathered armfuls of fragrant cedar and bal
; ;

brush for a bed, the other got a fire going and
preparations for supper under way. And
what a supper it was, beans, bacon sizzling hot
from the pan and flanked with eggs, hot but-
tered toast and honey, all washed down with

OFF TO A GOOD START IN_THE+MORNING.
EVERYTHING STOWED SNUGLY.

ISLANDS AS A RULE MAKE GOOD CAMPING
PLACES, BUT ONE SHOULD BE SURE HIS
a IS WELL TIED OR PULLED HIGH{AND

A WELL ORDERED CAMP MEANS ONE
WHERE EVERYTHING IS PACKED UP, NOT
LEFT LYING ROUND TO BE WALKED ON OR
OVERLOOKED.

huge mugs of steaming coffee made as it is
only made by those who have served an
apprenticeship to the camp-pail and frying-
pan. When we had made a clean sweep of
everything in sight, we had just enough
energy left to pack up for the night and carry
a couple of huge logs to the fire-place and get
them well alight; when we lay back upon our
blankets with a feeling of utter content with
the world, lit our pipes and watched the play
4

BY PADDLE AND PORTAGE — 853.

of the firelight upon the tree branches over-
head and the sparks as they were swallowed
up in the darkness to leeward. Perhaps
there is no part of a trip more really enjoyable
than the hours between supper and bed-time
when one settles down beside the fire with a
pleasant realization of a good day’s work done,
the wants of the inner man supplied, the sound
of the night breeze rustling the leaves over-
head and the knowledge that there is a bed
second to none in the world awaiting you
when tired Nature will be denied no longer.
Next morning, how can I describe the
glories of the sun rising and dispelling the last
few wisps ot silvery fog lingering over the river
the voices of the birds in quest of their morn-
ing meal, or the resultant glow from a quick
plunge in the chilly water followed by a brisk

TOBACCO HATH CHARMS—A WELL-FILLED
POUCH ADDS A GREAT DEAL TO THE ENJOY-
MENT OF A TRIP.

VIEW LOOKING DOWN STREAM FROM THE
BIG CHUTE POWER-HOUSE.

BIG CHUTE POWER HOUSE ON THE SEVER
RIVER. MANY GOOD FISH ARE CAUGHT
THIS POOL:

854

rub-down. Breakfast over, we got out our
fishing tackle and bait, not forgetting to slip
the twelve-gauge under the seat on the chance
of ashot. We trolled here and there between

the islands and fished from every likely spot, .

starting for camp wih a nice string of bass
and pickerel and a lunge which made us
wonder what we were fast to when he struck.
However, as we had no gaff he was soon
swung into the canoe, when a sharp rap on
the back of the head with a paddle put a
damper on his struggles. We were nearly
back to the point when there was a whistle
of wings overhead and a duck pitched down
into a weed bed within some forty yards of the
canoe. By all the laws of sportsmanship we
should have flushed that duck and picked
him off with a well directed wing shot but
truth compels me to say that I drew a bead on
him as he sat there in the water and let loose
a charge of smokeless behind a load of number
sixes, and all that was left for us to do was to
paddle over and pick up our bird. However,
we retrieved our reputations later on, when
during the evening flight we made a pretty
double and a couple of nice singles before it
got too dark to see.
Dinner, in which fish figured largely, was
soon over, and we were just starting in on the
dinner dishes when a partridge rose out of a
tree right over our heads and with a roar of
stout wings hurtled through the woods back
of the tent. Grabbing the gun and a handful
of shells we gave chase but he had disappeared
behind the rocks and we did not succeed
in putting him up again. If we had had a
dog it is probable we would have got several
as they are by no means scarce in that part
of the country and are not shot at enough to
be very wild. Returning to camp, we found
the fire out and the cold greasy dishes await-
ing our ministrations. Let me here set down
in print for the benefit of the reader a little
wrinkle regarding the cleaning of that bug-
bear of the cookee’s assistant, the frying-pan.
Select a small tuft of grass; with a circular
motion of the hunting-knife cut it out, leaving
a generous portion of earth adhering to the
roots; scour the pan with this and a second
one if necessary, a dash of water in the pan
set for a minute over the coals, and the job
is done.
Of all methods, of camping, pack-horse
- canoeing or humble shanksmare, the canoe
_ offers perhaps the most advantages. It is a
‘very small creek indeed that it cannot navi-
_ gate, and if there are not too ae portages

to negotiate or much open water to be crossed,
one’s outfit is only limited by the capacity of
the canoe, and if care is taken in its selection
it is quite possible to enjoy all the comforts
and even some of theluxuries of home life,
once you have wrested from Nature a few of
her carefully guarded secrets. A _ folding
camp stove taking wood a foot or so in length
will solve the difficulties of cold nights and
rainy days, and an asbestos ring in the side
of the tent will eliminate any danger of a
conflagration. A sixteen foot canoe, thirty-
one inches in beam, small tent with a rope to
form the ridge-pole between two trees, a
couple of good blankets and waterproof sheet,
personal belongings which may be carried in a
kit bag inside the dunnage bag, together with

ROD AND GUN IN C

- as we had a long distance to go to reach home

Bal yaihiy

>»

the cooking utensils and grub-box, make a_
very good outfit for a short trip, and of course —
may be supplemented with fishing-tackle, gun,
camera, etc. to suit individual tastes.Some
hold that no true camper would carry canned
food, but personally I feel that for canoe if
travel where a little extra weight does not
matter, the advantages of having your food
in indestructible tins, when one can open just
enough for present needs, and the almost end-
less variety that is obtainable now-a-days,
far outweigh any objections to this class of
provision. The canny voyager will turn his
canoe bottom upwards before retiring and
place beneath it a supply of dry wood iest the
evening rain find him unprepared, astryingto
light a fire for breakfast with wet wood is cal-
culated to improve neither one’s temper nor
his morals. By all means take a camera with
you, any of the smaller folding ones are suit-
able, and the pleasure of looking at pictures
of your trip, and trophies of gun or rod, such
as the big one that did not get away, when
you are seated before the fireplace with the
ice thick upon the window-panes, and the
Frost King stalks abroad over the land, far
more than compensate for the slight expense
involved. The accompanying pictures were ae
taken with a No. 3 Folding Pocket Eastman, '
and show what may be done by the amateur a
with a little experience. #

Next morning we were up with the heron
and king-fisher, instead of the proverbial lark, se

that night. Breakfast was soon over and fy
the tent down, blankets rolled up and every-
thing placed in the canoe, and after lighting +
our pipes we were off. Ordinarily, the Little
Chute has a drop of some four feet, but just
now the stop-logs lower down the river had
been raised and we had no trouble in running
the rapids, although the back-wash from a
rock on the right-hand side nearly swamped
us and splashed us with spay. Keeping
along the left shore we reached Port Severn
where there is a lock connecting the upper and it
lower river. However, we found it quicker “s
to carry our canoe and dunnage the few feet
necessary to get past and were soon headed ahi
for Port McNichol. The wind was in the Aa
south, and very light, otherwise we would ~~
hardly have cared to cross such a large ex-
panse of-open water, as the lower end of the —
Georgian Bay has areputationfor windsinthe ~~
fall. We reached the wharf about 2.30, and
had an hour or so to wait before train time.
Port McNichol is! the port of call for the ©
grain streamers on the Great Lakes, and has
a splendid harbour and freight sheds. We
were lucky enough to arrive just as one of the
big boats was coming in and it was interesting
to watch the process of unloading the grain,
which by means of electrically operated
trucks was loaded direct from the vessel’s
hold to the waiting cars ready for shipment
to the east.

It was with feelings of regret that we saw the
train pull in, which was to take us home.
However, our canoe and dunnage were soon ~
on board and in an hour’s time we were back —
home, with recollections of a most enjoyable —
outing, and enough fish to enable us to re-
member our friends. oe ee

ape te

*

hunt and the party was to be composed
; of nearly the same men, there were the
a usual delightful anticipating talks whenever

___ two or more of the cotorie foregathered during
5 the preceding months.
ee There is something about hunting that
keeps enthusiasts either remembering the
last. hunt or planning for the next. Accord-
P ingly we were a little more ambitious in the

Fall of °13 than we had been in °12 and °11.
We knew from experience the advantages and
disadvantages of our ground.

Since our party consisted of eight (our
youngest member having inadvertently and
unintentionally invited his fiancee’s father,
we decided it would be economical to take
a complete camp outfit and a cook instead
of boarding at the ranch (so called) and hunt-
ing from there as we had previously done,
with just one or two nights away in a make-
shift camp.

We got our tents by arranging with the
manufacturers to take them off our hands at
75 per cent of the cost, one 14 x 16 for a sleep
camp and one 10 x 12 for the cook with three
flies. Our purpose was to pitch them with
the openings toward one another—they were

4 -CyINCE this was to be our third annual
Fi

ST et ee ee ee ee ee ee, ge

permit the intervening space to be covered
with the third fly. We took a borrowed
. stove for the sleep camp and a knock-down
four hole stove for the cook camp.
Since while three of us were old campaign-
ers we all enjoy comfort rather than discom-
fort in the woods, we took the stoves in case
- of a streak of really bad weather and one of
_. the advantages of our ground is that one goes

by steamer, waggon and canoe without any
q@portaging.
We made a detailed list of provisions,
enough for two weeks which was the maximum
time possible for us to be absent from busi-
ness.
We bought short on meat (bacon only) as
we were certain to soon get venison and
ducks. We took plenty of sugar, dried fruits
and everything a cook would need to give
first class camp fare, having arranged with
the cook that he was to be cook, to do no
hunting and to get his own wood also to go
to the landing for mail every other day.
On November 14th, Friday a.m. at 2
o'clock the party of nine including the cook,
got away on the S. S. Cassier bound for Bold
Point, Valdez Islands.
The Valdez Islands compose a group a little
more than half way up the East coast of
Vancouver Island, and Quadra Island on
__-which we hunt, lies right along the celebrated
__. Seymour Narrows where the conflicting tide
exceeds the Maelstrom.

Two of our party were intent on duck
rather than deer, but the rest were deer
__ hunters pure and simple.

te hE

ay he te

UNTING AND
ree ANDOB.C.

f tetas ans O66 Be

wall tents—and separate just far enough to

Se Re ate

The trip up was like any trip in inland .
A steady game of

waters till bed-time.
poker 10c limit was engaged in except when
the old coasting steamer would tie up at some
float or rough wharf to put off freight or put
off a drunk logger and take on some sober ones
on their way to get drunk.

Our schedule called for a landing at Bold
Pt. at 10 a.m. Saturday but their schedules

are subject to change as we found out. It
blew great guns during the night and rolled

the old Cassiar till I was pretty nervous.

At 6 p.m. a steward routed us out with
word from the captain that we were at
Wyatt Bay fifteen miles from Bold Pt. that

FISHING TRIP

the sea at Bold Point was too bad to land us —

and he would land us on the down trip some-
time Monday or we could get off at Wyatt
Bay instanter and he thought we could get a
launch there to take us down.

‘‘Needs must when the devil drives” so we
hiked out on the floating wharf and queried
a tow-headed young Englishman who was
receiving the mail bag, about the launch.

He corroborated the captain, so we col-
lected our dump, our dinghy and canoe all on

_the floating wharf in a pouring November rain

for the Lord forbid that we should rest
on the Cassiar for 48 hours of our holiday.
The wharf was new, just built by the

Government with a dry shed into which we

lugged our baggage and rifles.

The Englishman told us we could get
breakfast at the store. Finally we agreed
with an old pirate to land us at Bold Point
for $15.00 getting away at 11 p.m.—the
launch crowded with the party, the Boe
astern loaded to the gunwale with bulky
baggage and astern of the dinghy, Albert
in t
rip at the Surge Narrows which are parallel
to the Seymour narrows and almost as dan-
gerous, but we had slack tide. It cleared
and stayed clear most of the trip but toward
the end was showery and cold so Albert came
aboard the launch. Everything rode fine
till we were rounding Bold Point to land in
the cave when the waves came aboard the
Dinghy so that in another 100 yards she
would have swamped. However she didn’t.

We got there about 2 p.m. While the
bunch got the stuff ashore I located the
Ranchman and arranged for lunch at the only
other shack on that corner of the Island.
It began to rain pretty steadily but Matt and
I (he is the outdoor man—a sort of walking
boss—New Englander) got out the team and
hitched them to a queer little waggon all
the way from Woodstock, Ont. It is a mile
from the shore to the lakes.

Previously the transport was accomplished
by a tremendous ox, dragging a stone-boat.

But our very paternal government had

e canoe, to guide her through the tide- —

granted some money toward improving the

856

road since our last visit as well as improving
the landing to accommodate some settlers.

The road was of course just made as far
as the money would go. It was the first tri
for a waggon and the team was a make shift
rigged with single harness and it was an en-
tertaining sight to see little Matthew perched
on the bow of the: dinghy upside down over
the baggage, steering those nondescripts
through the mire and between the stumps.

We delivered one load thus to the lake and
rested on our oars till Sunday morning.
That a we had our old hang out the
vacant hotel. Sunday a.m. was a perfect
Fall day. Albert and Jo started up the lake
as soon as we got the canoe over as their work
was to find a good camping ground in the
general vicinity of the narrows. Three others
and the cook followed them with the Ranch-
man’s launch (minus the engine) with the
major part of the freight. Goldie hunted
ducks while Matt and I took the team back.

We three then got away about 10 a.m. in
the dinghy. Goldie got some shots but no
ducks. The lake is about eight miles long,
crescent shaped with a deep bay at the nar-
rows.

We found the crowd levelling the ground
digging out stones and snags. You have no
idea how difficult it is to get an easy camping
ground in some of our rough country.

The cook got us a rough and ready meal
and we worked like men till night. We had
brought some boaras from the Government
wharf from which a good table was erected
in the cook tent, 6x 3. We had benches split
out also.

A rail fence of 2 rails high was run long-
titudinally down the sleep tent and one side
filled deep with boughs, the other side had
an old tarpaulin on the ground for the bag-
gage and standing room. A stove was of
course on that side. Every man thus had
two feet space for bed and we slept in pairs—
the cook in the cook tent. I don’t think I
ever remember a better day to make camp or
a better crowd to take an interest and get
things shipshape.

e even had a long cross-cut saw as the
wood is so big and the down wood so rotten
if small, that an Easterner does -not realize
the labor of preparing ‘fire wood with an axe
only. We made camp right to start with and
then all we had to do was to hunt.

Monday a.m. we scattered, the old hands
to country they had known on previous trips.
The two new men took the heavy boat and
went for ducks sending Albert and Jo Grattan
(a north Michigan man) across the lake.
Matt and I took the dinghy to the far end of
the lake where I got one deer in 1911 and two
in 1912. It was another lovely clear morn-
ing. We didn’t get away till about 7.50 as we
have found these black tail deer every hour
in the day. Whether that is so all the year
I don’t know but we never made any hard
work of our hunt by any before-daylight
starts or after-dark-returns to camp.

We had four miles to row and kept a sharp
watch on the shores on the off chance of
seeing a deer. The land adjacent to the lake
was logged some years ago and has been
partly burned also, which makes ideal deer
country since it gives the feed a chance.

»

or, °

= ’ ' La Fy
The deer don’t like the dark close forest.
fact the Indians used to burn off the gi
timber for this reason in some loc
The down timber makes the walking very
bad in some places and it is necessary to
quietly creep up the rocky hills and peer on
to the mossy plateaus and over the other edge.

There are a few logging chutes’ radiating
from the lake which make walking easy as
far as they go. Matt landed me on the right
hand side near a road I had walked the year
before and he went on totheend of the lake
where we agreed to meet about 4 p.m. I had
good field glasses as I knew I could spy a good
deal of country from some low hills.

I crossed a burned-over ridge about 600
feet high seeing nothing and worked my way
slowly into a dense green valley which rises
from the corner of the Lake on the same side
as I was on. This is a delightful walk,
gradually ascending in about 14% miles to a

oint where I knew the left hand ridge could
e climbed.

The right hand hills leading away from
the way I wished to circle are a little lower
but too densely timbered. I climbed an
attractive one almost at the end of my valley
and put up a nice buck but he saw me first
and the shot was impracticable.

However it is encouraging to see game on
their feet in your day’s work. I soon got to
the chimney where I climbed in *12 and also
in ’11, getting a deer each time. It is as bad
and worse than anything Wolfe did at Quebec
with some loose rock to take care of, so I
took plenty of time.

Anything else is foolish for if
you are too unsteady to shoot.

When I got to the top I sat down and wait-
ed half an hour as I knew Matt was coming
up the other side of the same ridge and might
send something my way.

I crossed the plateau-—mostly mossy rocks,
small weather beaten spruce and little pools
of rain water with nice patches of gas six
or eight inches long with lots of fresh deer sign.
It was about noon so I took my lunch, spying
a good dea: with the glasses for I heard Matt
shoot three different times.

Finally I started down, in the general direc-
tion which would lead to the lake and which
Matt was supposed to have come up...

I was only over the edge when I spied
an unfortunate yearling. Since we had no
assurance of-the success of the hunt at this
early stage I thought I would get some fresh
meat while the getting was good.

I was shooting down hill and I suppose over
shot. I have a Ross .303 with Lyman
peep sight and it shoots just exactly where it
Is pointed. Anyway the intended victim
disappeared uninjured. I went down and lo
and Hohold he was strolling about still, within
easier range than before not knowing where
the noise came from.

This time’I hit him but only broke a le
from bad shooting and the poor little dev
ran right toward me. I felt pretty mean
when he got opposite but I shot him right

then and while I was getting ready to dress

He came over havin

him Matt called out.

pent
ties 528

you hurry —

-

‘
B

been doing: worse shooting than I with his a!

new Remington .32. He had followed a d
all forenoon and missed three shots cle

females are protected and the does are really
the best venison.)

Matt’s surprise as he couldn’t imagine what
it could be but he could see me standing as if
ready to shoot again for fear the deer would
rise though he hadn’t gone six feet. It was
é tough on Matt for he had been out two years,
3 and got none yet. I said, “‘I’ve got another, a
nice buck right down there.”

Matt used some language in reference to
his luck but gave a hand to dress No. 2.
He shouldered the little one which fitted him
better, (he is a little man) and with the other
on my back away we went I, rejoicing and
Matt reviling.

The Columbian deer don’t get much over
150 pounds and on the Islands they generally
run about 100 which this one did. Throu
the Rockies the Blacktail, also called the
mule deer, goes to 250 and sometimes more
and all Blacktail have better heads for their
size than the white tail deer which are more
like the Muskoka deer.

Matt however said his weighed as much as a
moose before we got to shore. Ground that
‘seems a little bad, when you have only a
rifle, is serious when you have a hundred
pounds on your back, particularly if you are
soft for want of work of that kind. Once at
the shore Matt was standing in the dinghy
a unloading his Remington with which he was
et not thoroughly familiar. I was still on shore.
Bang went Matt’s gun and knocked a hole in
the boat below water line. He of course felt
foolish, but we unloaded, turned her over
plugged it and corked a seam which was
started using some cord we had.

I baled all the way with an old rusty can
we found at a burned down lumber camp and
we got to camp O.K. with two deer. We
found Albert in without any Grattan with
two hung up in the woods, and Goldie and
Mcllreevy were also in with a few ducks.
Presently the two that had the canoe came
in with a doe and a little buck like mine hung
up in the woods.

The cook was now squared away to give us
_ areal dinner and you bet we eight were ready
except Goldie who started from town with
_ sore throat and now had tonsiltiis though he
__ poked stuff down and got cured before we got
home.

Round the table it was decided that no one
who had deer would shoot any does since
we were set up now with venison to spare.

»the one Grattan was coming up.

way I had come up.
to turn so as to face her when she would

appear. She stopped after running fifty
yards and looked back for half a minute. As

I didn’t move she then slowly trotted out of

sight. I crossed the plateau and sat down
for several minutes. I then started to cross
the other way and a buck which probably had
been watching me disappeared over the edge
so quickly I didn’t get a shot. I ran over
there but he was down in the valley out of
range and going like mad. ;

Unfortunately for him this valley led into
I heard
one shot and when I met Jo about half an
hour after he said the buck was hanging up.
He had hit him in the neck as he ran right
across him.

Where I met Jo was at the foot of the hill
I had crossed. I was facing up a rising valley
parallel to the Lake which was to my right.
A ridge about five or six hundred feet high
separated the valley from the Lake and I de-
cided to go to the far end of my rising valle
climb the ridge and come back along it whic
would bring me out opposite camp but further
up than where I had landed in the morning.
The country had been logged and burned and
was so open that I had little hope of gas in
the valley except for one little Island of
cedar where something might be lying up.

I saw nothing and about noon was on the
first little rocky shoulder where I ate my
lunch—bacon sandwich, raisins and hard
chocolate. I don’t eat much lunch when in
the woods but always have it along and
generally am nibbling a little chocolate. I
expected to see Albert with the glasses but he
had kept back of some timber but was
parallel to my course while Grattan had
crossed us both.

I climbed my ridge turning to the right
and started back with the lake to my left
and camp in full view across it. With the
glasses I spied the high hills back of camp
and though our keenest nimrod, Bourke,
had made a short trip the previous evening
and pronounced it no good it looked from
my coign of vantage better than anything
I had yet hunted for I could see several good
sized open patches in a generally wooded
hilly country.

I ‘mooched’ along my ridge in the pleasant
early afternoon sure at peace with all the
world for had I not already got two deer,
one with a pretty little head and the other
in the cook’s hands. This was only Tuesday
and we did not intend to break camp till
the following Monday.

858

Where it is impossible to stalk on account
of open country, one can cover the distance
most easily by walking the logs. Many
times you can ascend a twenty foot sheer
cliff by walking up a seventy-five or one
hundred foolglong spruce. This is dangerous
in wet or frosty conditions unless properly
shod. I wear full caulked boots, this of course at
the risk of making some noise on rocks but
I have a sneaking idea, that these Blacktail,
in spite of their big ears depend more on
their sight and on the wind than they do
on their hearing.

Between three and four o’clock I came
to a place that looked as if I could get down
to the lake. For some time I had been con-
fined to the top by a cliff as sheer as at Ni-
agara with a similar talus at the foot running
down to the lake about three hundred yards
away.

I had seen lots of fresh deer sign for the
top of the ridge, had lots of grass patches
but had about given up any expectation of
seeing a deer. However, one had seen me.

I think he had been lying down near the
edge of the cliff. I had turned up the lake
searching a path down and he ran in the
same direction but he was very close and
almost cornered. He gathered himself for
a little leap and I saw my bullet hit him in
the hip. He hesitated a fraction of a second

“and made his leap, they are like goats you
know, and then turned a little. I fired azain
this time at the shoulder but he slipped
out of sight and I ran after him. I heard
some noise at the foot of the cliff and found
that where he vanished was at the top of
a sort of chimney with zig-zag game trails
which led to the bottom. I thought perhaps
I had broken his leg and he was thrashing
around in the windfall and bracken. When
I got part way down I discovered it was a
waterfall that made this crackling noise
and could find no blood. I made a picture
of where the ’303 bullet turned up the hair
on his hip at about fifteen or twenty yards
and couldn’t see how I could have missed
the second shot. So I climbed back and
hunted twenty minutes. I about gave up
when I took a little higher ground and finally
saw him dead as mutton in a little hollow.

Instead of going down hill as they generally
do he had made a sharp switch-back and
dropped just about opposite where I had
shot him, having rounded the point of a little
rocky ridge running forwards about fifteen
yards and back fifteen.

I dressed him but there was nothing close
on which to hang him, so I fixed him up
nicely straddle of a narrow rock with his head

igh in case of rain. He had a nice four

ointed head which is now mounted in our

all. I made my way to the bottom where
I found tall dead bracken from the cliff to
the shore. This bracken was _ intersected
by deer paths and lots of places one could
see their beds. Albert whistled from a little
way up. He had gone beyond the_ ridge
and came between it and the lake. He had
a fat little doe hung up along the shore.

The fellows with the big boat soon came
along bringing in the ones they had shot
the previous day but with nothing new.

eh SCY lee we ae wae Seed
ROD AND GUN IN CANADA |

Ree ate!
or Cet we 1

The cook was starting out to pick up Grat-_

tan who came out where he went in,

well hollowed out insiae there could be no-
thing but a thin shell left.

That night Bourke and Diether decided
they would hunt from the big marsh at the
shore end of the lake next day and I arranged
with Albert to give me a hand down the
cliff with my buck for fear I might fall; then
he could go on his hunt.

Wednesday morning everyone scattered:
the weather was still fine. On account of
the dangerous ground and fairly heavy deer
I took a set of pack-straps and a coil of stout
eod line. Albert and I made a good pack
of the buck and with the cod line in Albert’s
hand to steady me I got down the almost
perpendicular gorge with far less trouble than

I expected. With his doe of the day before —

ana my deer I rowed across tocamp. A little
squall came .up and made me nervous for
I’m a very raw hand in a boat, but it didn’t
really amount to anything only our cockle
shell was still leaking from Matt’s attack
with the Remington and had to be bailed
semi-occasionally.

It was only about ten p.m. when I deliver-
ed my venison, so after some hot chocolate
I cut a long pole which I put up between
two trees to hang up the game. We took
the precaution to bring a few nails for as
I said we knew we had no portaging. The

coil of cod line was even more useful and |

on any kind of a rough trip I would have
some of that.

I hung the deer head up, as in case of rain
they take~very little harm that way. The
weather was cool and pleasant, no flies, and

deer shot on the first day out, was quite —

good a fortnight after even though handled
to boat and waggon seyeral times.

Having arranged the cold storage plant
I took a stroll down the lake from camp a
few hundred yards and back up on the lower
knolls seeing nothing but lots of fresh signs.

While at camp I had heard a regular fusi-
lade in Albert’s direction.» He evidently un-
loaded his .38-55 Winchester twice, as fast
as he could pull triggers. At night he report-
ed with a spike buck but the above heavy
engagement was with another, that got
away running in open country, where it
was hopeless to stalk it. That old .38-55
is one I got in Ithaca and sold to Albert at
Temagami. He swears by it and can do good
work with it. He has had a Lyman Peep
put on. One thing about a Winchester they
are simple and quick and you can always
get ammunition. .

Matt was getting pretty raw by this time. |

We kidded him some as he had the new
rifle and a new hunting knife but no new
deer.
when out with Matt, got it right near the
water the only time Goldie went out for

Goldie got one on a fluke that day >

i

ar as he wanted ducks and was too sick
nt anything but a cure for his throat.
fednesday that was, and on Thursday
I took Matt back of camp starting him to
my right to meet at the top of the hill.
Things were eh wet as it had rained
in the night and still threatened, being now
close and muggy. I got into a valley full
Bee: of tall cedar and spruce, after a,climb over
some bad windfall. There was a beautiful
_ clear stream and it was as quiet on the deep
deposit of needles as on a thick carpet. It
was just like my other valley at the end of
the lake but the sides were less steep. I
climbed the right ridge near the top and
saw lots of sign. This ridge was cross cut
and to go further I had to go through some
_ windfall. While in this windfall and bracken
_ I was tempted to do a foolish Uung.
_ ed a chance to stalk a big buck because he
made such a tempting shot. The valley
widened out into a slope with a little island
of rock in the middle in front, and a great
mass of bare rock on the right. Right on
the skyline between the island and the big
rocky hill stood the biggest buck I have
seen on his feet on the island. It was at
least 250 eee and I have shot all my deer
at from 20 to 75 yards. He didn’t see me,
so I lay down to take a careful shot over a
nest but I wasn’t really comfortable and not
‘knowing the distance, didn’t attempt to
alter my sights but just took a coarse sight
with the front sight and trusted to Previdence.
___[ hit him all right and he was rattled. He
__—s came right toward me at a tremendous rate
‘til he was about 100 yards and then turned
up the big rocky hill to my right. I knew
he was hit by his action and expected to
_ getastandingshot. He had to jump straight
up about four feet to get on the little path
and the first time he fell back giving me a
good shot but I missed. He got into a little
gorge out of sight and then appeared on the
are rock intending to come toward me. I
think this was the first time he saw me.
He threw up his head and was the finest
sight I have seen in all my hunting. I missed
ain and saw no more of him though I[ hunt-
ed for an hour. :
'_ There was plenty of blood where he fell
_ back, climbing the rock but I couldn’t find
any more. No doubt with a dog I could

I miss-

+

under any protest in B. C. deer hunts. I
might have stalked him in the first place
by backing up or lying quiet till he went
over the ridge.

ei It began to rain so I worked toward camp
and found Matt in, disgusted and wet through
_ having found the country to the right noisy
and unpromising.
__ Everyone straggled in early, Albert bring-
_ ing in a fine buck from back of camp but
up the lake from where Matt and I were.

Thursday night it was colder with some
_ fain, which on the hill was snow just enough
_ to cover the ground.
_. I thought I would look for the wounded
buck so I put Matt onto the easy way @f
_ getting on the high ridges, to the right while
I circled to the left agreeing to meet Matt at
_ the top. In about an hour I heard a shot
and when I met Matt. I found that at last

WAR

-he had his

have found him but dogs gare not allowed

aoe wi ‘

¥ Rye Put eee
deer whichghe had |
the light snow. It was a big

fat as butter. We saw nothing else
a big doe which we wouldn’t shoot;

ved

tho

we stalked her to-see if there was a buck
) oy

hanging about. ,

We quit early and I helped Matt get the
little buck on his back and went ahead pick-
ing road through pretty bad windfall. He

wanted to carry his deer in but in real bad
so I stuck —

slipped off a big
wet log and the deer fell on the other ae vi
ae

ground there is danger of a fall,
around. Finally Matt

It was a sight for God and men...
tore the seat out of his pants and his language
was rich and juicy.

out further casualty. Saturda

I went the same way and took Mcllreevy.

He is a great trap shot and duck hunter —

but never got a deer. It grew foggy and
when we met at the hilltop we made a fire
and sat around till it cleared.
and crossed te a valley parallel to the one we

ascended which goes in to the lake in a bay i :

below the narrow. ;
I thought I might run into my big buck
but saw no signs. This is a valley I intend

to hunt if I am that way again but I don’t

intend to walk the shore as J did that after-
noon getting back to Camp. Easterners
can hardly realize how bad a windfall can be.
I sweat more and was more tired than if I
was carrying a big deer. Still, a sponge
bath in the lake cured that. Some of the

He was game, however,
and after being righted went to Camp with-
Matt and —

I left them

spike eee

¢:

boys used to jump in and take a few strokes —

but I’m not keen on water at 40°

Next day six of us went up the slopes back
of camp to see if we could raise the big buck.
I had a beautiful meeting with a big fat doe.
I had come out on a clear space of mossy
rock making a circular area of perhaps 50
feet in diameter and was standing quietly
watching. I heard a little sound in a brushy
gulley in front of me and presently I saw
the doe walk out. She climbed quietly upon
the knoll and stopped about 20 feet from
me. She thought there was something queer
about me but I didn’t move and she watched
me with her great eyes for perhaps half a
minute. Then I think she got my wind
and loped off to my right jumping off the
knoll. Then she stopped and looked back.
and went slowly down into the thick brush.
It threatened rain so I started toward the
valley I knew was best walking and in a
minute or two met MclIlreevy who had prob-
ably started the doe up the gulley. In a
few minutes I saw another in easy range but
Mac was over the ridge. In my different
walks I saw in all eleven deer on their feet
and could have had shots at nine of them
while I got three of the four I didn’t shoot at.

We shot in all twenty deer and didn’t
waste a pound of the meat. Of course the
heaviest of these we got didn’t dress over 100
pounds. We keep the hide too, as part look
well thrown over a lounge or to hide a shabby
chair back. i

The above was our last day’s hunting
except for ‘Nimrod’ Bourke. Albert got a
nice buck but not the big one, that day near
the water and came to camp for the boat.
It’s luck to get them in easy country. It’s

Pi,
—

860

a man’s job to bring out a 100 pound buck
and a rifle from some of the hills, say one
or two miles back.

We broke pee the next day in a drizzling
rain. Our flotilla got under way about 9
a.m. Matt and I had.the,. light boat as
we were teamsters.

I got a grouse as we crossed for the team
and could have got more but it was raining
heavily and we got a soaking before we got
all our camp equipment and venison teamed
over tq the landing. Next day we got the
steamer and got back to Vancouver on the
Wednesday night having been gone two
weeks all but two days. It cost us about
forty dollars each. Considering the length
of the holiday, the comfort and the success
we had I think that cost is very low. We
0 all told twenty deer and a very few ducks.

ur camping ground was not well placed for
the duck hunters who had to row back four
miles to the marsh at the shore end of the
lake, when there the ducks might or might
not come in. In very rough weather they
are more apt to come in—also Brant but the

rae plate cate Seal ave eae et
ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

, a) my + a Bi + ¢
weather was calm except the day we arr
and got very rough afterwards. :

There is not much else on our Island b io 2 by:

Columbian Deer. There may still be some
wolves which were said to be cleaned out.
Jo Grattan shot a black wolf not a mile
from our 1912 temporary camp at the end
of the lake. It was in mid forenoon. This
wolf, a female, was oné of five and the four
of these were following her in single file.
She was not bigger than a good collie-dog. Jo
has the pelt and collected $15.00 bounty.
There are no:signs of Cougars on the Island
though they are numerous this year on Van-
couver Island and generally throughout the
mainland.
Eagles and large ravens are common where
we hunt and will soon attack any carcases
hung up in the wood. There are very few
small birds, the ones most common are little
brown: birds which sing prettily. I think
they are wrens. There are a good few of
the woodpecker family. Squirrels are fairly
numerous—are a little darker than our red
squirrel in Ontario and have not such a fine

bushy tail.

|

WITH THE OCEANOGRAPHERS

R. J. FRASER

in the last week of May we cast off

the mooring lines from the dock at
Halifax and headed for the harbour entrance.
Part of the North Atlantic Squadron rode at
anchor and as we passed the battleship
“Glory,” former eur of the gallant
Admiral Craddock, her ensign dipped a
courteous salute. We responded. Then,
steaming past the frowning guns of the
MacNab Island forts and the shore batteries
of Sandwich Point, the good ship “Acadia”
made for the open sea. A white Norwegian
barque in tow of a fussy little harbour tug
was overtaken and passed. On her sides
was painted in bright colours the flag of
King Haakon and as a further precaution the
name “Norge” in large, unmistakable print.
We wondered at the time if her fearless
skipper would take her safely through the
submarine blockade, or fall a prey to the
torpedoes of the Huns.

The ‘‘Acadia’s” mission was a novel
one. -We were bound on a fishing cruise,
but neither for sport nor for personal gain.
A new departure in the investigation of the
possibilities of the fisheries of the Canadian
coasts was being made. Where a certain
fish’s food is found there that fish should
be sought was the principle followed. The
big fish eats the little fish and the little fish
eats those smaller. Those, again, live on
tinier members of the family, and so on to
the “ninth degree.”’ Also, certain fish will
be found in waters whose temperature is
decidedly uninhabitable for others. Or, per-
haps, if the temperature is suited to the lat-
ter’s tastes and habits the selenity, or degree

A T eight o’clock on a Saturday morning

of saltiness, may be unsuitable. So, with
this principle, that when one has located the
water that supports the food attracting the
fish it is time to expect the latter, the “Ac-
adia’s” fishers set forth.

Dr. Johann Hjort, Director of Fisheries
for the Norwegian government, whose fame
as an oceanographer is known to the Seven
Seas, conducted the work. Assisted by a
staff of hydrographers and Professor Willey
and Dr. Huntzman, biologists from two
Canadian universities, he planned to cover
the coastal waters of the Nova Scotian shores
with a series of zig-zag courses that led from
the land southeastward to the Gulf Stream
and back. )

“This is a study,” said the doctor one
evening, as we gathered in the wardroom,
“that is only in its infancy. The Prince
of Monaco, Gran, a German scientist, and
a few others have spent a good many years
investigating European waters. I have spent
over twenty years, partly as a co-worker of
the Prince’s but more in co-operation with
Sir John Murray of England. The North
Sea and our own Norwegian waters received
most of my attention. However, some years
ago I carried a series of observations right
across the Atlantic Ocean from the African
coast to the Grand Banks of Newfoundland.
There I learned that the possibilities to be
derived by the people of Canada through a
study of the currents and temperatures of
their Atlantic waters were wonderful. And
Ige longed for this stp et to extend
my work here, for I certainly believe that
off these Nova Scotian shores are the mos
interesting waters on the globe.” Reg

=<

WITH THE OCEANOGRAPHERS 861

Time will tell. The truth of the doctor’s
optimistic statements can be determined
only when the many months of analytical
works in the biologist’s laboratory come
to light. However, from a_ physiological

standpoint this section of the earth’s waters
&.,.

delicate, quick-registering thermometers. In
their descent the bottles were open at both
ends to allow a free passage of the water.
When they reached the desired depths, as
shown on a dial connected with the sheave,
the hand reel which controlled the descent

COLLECTING THE HAUL OF SPAWN AND MICROSCOPIC FISH LIFE

is most interesting, for here meet and mingle
two extremes, Polar and Equatorial waters,
the one under the name of the Labrador
Current, the other the Gulf Stream. A
third stream, widely differing from the other
two, forms a junction with them both. It
is fresh w ater, our own St. Lawrence current.
Out through Cabot Strait it flows to join
the others and the three, mingling, gradually
lose their identities and are finally absorbed
by the true Atlantic element.

The sea life found in the warm waters of
the Gulf Stream is very different from that
existing in the Polar current. The St. Law-
rence fresh water carries microscopic animals
that are entirely different from those of the
other streams. So, the work of the oceano-
graphers was to establish and map the routes
and actions of these currents, record their
temperatures, and obtain specimens of their
minute sea life carried in their depths. To
distinguish the different streams is but one
department of the work. By their tempera-
tures, selenities, and specific gravities they
are known. The first can be determined on
shipboard but the other two. require the
minuter analysis of the laboratory.

At intervals of thirty miles, or thereabouts,
the ship was hove to and a sounding taken.
Then, attached by clamps at both its ends
to a fine wire which ran through a sheave
on deck, brass water bottles, eighteen inches
in length and four in diameter, were lowered
to different depths. Four at a time were
sent down at intervals of from ten to one
hundred metres. Fastened to each were

was checked and made fast. A two min-
ute’s halt in the operation was called, in
which time the mercury columns in the
thermometers settled to the surrounding
temperature. Then a “messenger,” a small
brass weight, was fastened on the same sus-
pending line and given a start downward.
Its mission was an important one. On reach-
ing the first, or uppermost, bottle it struck
a trigger, releasing the clamp at that end.
The bottle; being hinged on the lower clamp,
swung downward and the action closed both
ends, sealing within a specimen of the water
at that depth. The attached thermometers
were likewise reversed. The fine mercury
thread was broken and an ingenious trap
in the tube of each prevented the two parts
from reuniting. By this means the effect
of the various temperatures through which
they were afterwards hoisted was rendered
almost negligible. As a further precaution
against error the temperature of the air on
deck was noted at the same time that the
thermometers were read and a correction
applied to that reading for the slight change
in the broken mercury column.

In the reversing action of the top bottle
a second messenger, similar to the first but
attached to the bottle before emersion, was
released. It darted down the wire to bottle
Number Two. Here a similar performance
was enacted and a third messenger passed on
to Number Three. By keeping one’s hand
on the taut wire the sharp jars caused by
each bottle turning over could be distinctly
felt. When the last one had been noted all

862

was ready for hauling in. Two strong-arm-
ed sailors at the reel quickly brought the
outfit to the surface. The readings were
taken, a sample of the water at each depth
drawn off and sealed in a pint bottle already
labelled, and this part of the proceeding was
finished. The gear was ready for another
cast.

All this while other members of the party
were carrying on fear te toph o Funnel-
shaped nets made. of fine cheese cloth and
loosely-woven silk were sunk to different
depths. A small brass cylinder formed the
smaller or bottom end of the net. Large
yolumes of water filtered through the clo
and deposited whatever minute marine life
they contained in the cylinder. Before haul-
ing to the surface a drawing-string, operated
by a messenger, closed the mouth of the net.
The cylinder was detached and taken into
the chartroom where the haul was sorted,
classified, and preserved for careful study,

When three hundred miles off shore quan-
tities of a peculiar floating weed, which the
scientists called “‘sargossa,’’ were netted.
“We're in the true Gulf Stream water now,”
announced Dr. Hjort. ‘This plant identifies
it.’ At the same station a pronounced rise
in temperature was recorded and the balm
air warmed by the waters from the aa 4

ermitted us to discard our heavy clothing.

ut only for a short while for we turned
north here. In a few hours more we were
ploughing through the Polar Current. Where
the two met a peculiar phenomenon was
noted. They did not mingle. Instead, the
cold current from the north sank below
the other and continued its southwesterly
course. We found in the surface water a
temperature as high as sixty degrees Fahren-
heit. Not many fathoms down the ther-
mometers registered thirty. The water was
two degrees below the freezing point. Stil]
further down a second warm current was
located.

The observation of each station brought
its own peculiar interesting results. Know-
ing that certain temperatures of sea water
are conducive to the production of certain
forms of marine life that are the food of the
larger fishes the oceanographers looked for
such. Almost invariably they found them
and thus strengthened earlier hypotheses.
At one station cod eggs would be found in
suspension at a certain depth; at another
a netful of tiny shrimps was brought on
board. Seldom was a haul made but what
one or more members of the larger species
of jelly-fish were taken from the net. In one
haul three bucketsful of these were brought
to the surface and the net strained almost
to the breaking point. No specimen was
considered worthless and the biologists’ col-
lection quickly grew. The least interesting
haul was that made one cold, dark night
when the net was lowered and dragged astern
just as the firehold crew commenced to eject
the ashes.

_ Ten days’ cruising over circuitious courses
finally brought us to the Newfoundland
Banks. Thence, passing not far south of
the French islands of St. Pierre and Miquelon,

ROD AND GUN IN C

Ty
we ye,

yes

ia) -
* So

in Prince Edward Island, we tied up to the __

wharf. All hands agreed that the cruise ee

had been long enough. We had observed rani,

stations, forty of them, every three or four ake

hours, day and night, fair weather or foul. mh
r

ra
—-

At two o’clock on a May morning, with a
biting north wind blowing and the ship
rolling in the trough of the sea, it was far
from comfortable work handling metal bottles
with the water at the freezing point. After
a few hundred pint bottles filled with a mix- ae |
ture of fish spawn, wigglers, weeds and pre-
servatives had been cellected the chartroom
took on_the appearance of an apothecary’s Sy
shop. _ Discussions over the habits and pec-
uliarities of the odd specimens waxed warm 4
at times, but to the less interested hydro-
graphic members of the “ACADIA’S” party
the thick blankets in the berths below offered
attractions greater.

The practical benefits which will in time~
be derived from these and similar investiga-~
tions are already evident in the greater de-
velopment of Norway’s extensive fisheries
which were brougnt to their present high
state by Dr. Hjort’s years of labour in that
field. Apart from the valuable physiological
discoveries the knowledge of the courses
and actions of the widely differing currents oa
will inform the biological investigator where _ a
the many different species of food fishes can
have their habitat. When this knowledge _
can be reliably imparted to the mass of fish-_
ers whose livelihood is dependent on the
apparently erratic habits of the cod, the

D

be

el, or the herring, a new note in the — will reach a development far in exces
s of our Canadian waters will have of the present day. Dr. Hjort clai
been struck. Less time will be lost in vain- Canada wonderful possibilities in her coas
ly searching for the large “schools” of fish waters. ‘Let us not go to the Poles for 1
in waters that at particular seasons are un-_ discoveries,” he said,*““when they can _
- nihabitable for them, and the fishing industry made at our very doors.” ae

A NOVA SCOTIA OUTING

A TALE OF A BLUENOSE TROUT TRIP.
dO aes BE

iME to turn out Scribe,” was the salute of sixth lake and after a stiff paddle arrive ‘
I that roused my sleepy brain at 5 a.m. safely at the portage across which we hike re

on a beautiful May morning as my two’ _ and pitch our tent under the “Big Pine.”

companions Frank and George litted their Now comes the work of the tirst night can- —
zs melodious voices to high C in an endeavor vas, the writer has the honor to be elected
to disconnect me with the world of dreams. Chef, while George and Frank ‘gather the

I declared them the winners and so jump-__ balsam boughs for the beds and cut the wood ©

ed out of bed and was soon arrayed in my for the night; the lure of the brook soon halts —
a woods togs. Joining them we started on an’ Frank at his wood chopping and throwing ©
Bat eighteen mile drive which would take us to down the ax away he goes with his rod up

“Lake Jolly” the starting point for a five . stream as a result of which we enjoy some
a days’ cruise to the ‘‘Silent Places.” Arriving fine trout for supper.
x at the lake we found the water very rough With supper over and every thing snug for

through the kindness of Mr. Miller, man- (which by the way is one of the real pleasures
ager of the mills at this place, we were taken of the trip) and talk over our plans for the
-___ across the lake in his motor boat and given next day; then when our pipes are about
a smooth start on the still water. After smoked out we hit the trail for our balsam
a brisk paddle in our staunch canoe we ar- _ beds.
rived at our first portage. Reader, did you ever lie awake in your
Unloading the canoe we got it nicely bal- tent at night listening to the mysterious
anced on Frank’s shoulders and away he sounds of the woods? If so, isn’t it with
went up the trail with George and I follow- the most pleasant memories that you recall
ing with the rest of our dunnage, which I some of those sounds as you sit by your fire-
‘might say was no small quantity by the side in the\long winter evenings? Why even
way my shoulders felt when we reached the the hoot of the owl sounded good and as vou

After a little rest we shoved our canoe who could resist the “‘Call of the Wild.”
into Ninth lake which comes next in order Come on boys! the sun has beat us up,
and after a short run we again hit the trail but with a dip in the cool water we are soon
for eighth lake. Away we go before the wind wide awake and after having got outside

are not stopping to fish as we wish to get again and away we go down sixth lake stream
across sixth lake before dark, it being in for our destination at the mouth of the White
size similar to lake Jolly and perhaps quite Sand stream.

, Tough. We push on therefore and cross _ Sixth lake stream is the home of good fish-

- seventh and are soon on the portage which ing and contains some very fine pools from
lands us at the head of sixth lake. which we took our share of the speckled
__ We now stop and unpack the baskets and beauties. ©
prepare a lunch as we have made quite a We arrived at our permanent camp site

journey on our early breakfast. Some bacon about noon of the second day in and soon
and eggs with a good cup of woods tea tasted had things in O.K. style. The afternoon
about right. was spent about camp making ready for
Now we are going to try for a fish as the Some real sport next day. ‘
lake re rough and we do not care for The morning of the third day broke fair

but the wikd is blowing so hard that it makes day. We paddled down stream to one of
casting more work than pleasure so we give the famous spots known as the O’Dell pool
up and settle down for a good smoke. and there we enjoyed some of the best fish-
Say boys, it’s just great to be out here in ing I have ever had,, Frank and I taking
_ the big woods enjoying the freedom and _ twenty-seven beautiful fish weighing from
_ beauties of Nature after along twelve months _ three pears of a pound to one pound and

in office or store. oneshalf a piece from one hole. We had
“Here comes a lull in the wind,” shouts been trying the fly coming down stream
rank, sO away we go on the ruffled surface but after we arrived at the pool we removed

__ and so were detained here a few hours when the night we sit around the big camp fire

end of that three-quarter mile portage. dream of your next spring’s trip you wonder

a wetting at this early stage of the game; and cool and proved to be a perfect fishing

_and paddle right through into seventh. We of a good breakfast we are soon packed up ©

864

CROSSING SEVENTH LAKE

our leaders and put on a spinner and then
the fun began. Those fish would take the
spinner just as fast as you could cast it and
when they once got hooked it was a fight
to a finish and by the time we had brought
to net the above number we both agreed
it was some fishing.

Now, we are not game hogs so limited our
fishing to what we could use and the best
ones to prepare for keeping so we could give
our friends proof of our'real fun. The fish
after being cleaned, the gills taken out, and
then packed away in moss, kept in perfect
condition and looked two days later when
we arrived home as though they just came
out of the water.

The time is passing all too quickly and
we find ourselves rolling out of our balsam
beds on the morning of the fourth day. After
taking down our tent and packing our baskets
we turn the nose of the canoe homeward and
fish sixth lake stream back to our first camp
‘site. Here we have lunch and proceed on

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

AFTER LUNCH

to Ninth lake where we make camp for the
night and sleep the sleep of the successful
fishermen which includes dreams of fine
weather, lots of fish and everybody happy.

The next morning we break camp for the
last time on this trip and pack over the
portage to» the still water down which we
paddle into lake Jolly which is much calmer
than on our arrival the day we went in.

We are now in view of the mill and are
soon hailed with the fisherman’s greeting of
“What Luck?’’ Our broad smiles answer
the question and after looking in the baskets
are we credited with the best fish of the
season so far taken from these waters. Just
one thing more and then we start for home,
and this is what it is; we had dinner at the
cook-house and were served with a good
old-fashioned parsnip stew. Next to our tirst
trout “‘it’s it.” Our horses now being ready
we make_the start for Digby with our plans
already made for a trip next year.

THE PINES

Bill Riverside

Oh, the magic of the breeze,
Runeing, crooning in the trees,

Bits of quaint Adonic airs and rakish rhymes,

The old elm’s hoarse Hurray,
And the Aspens’ laughing lay,

But the Harp of Heaven plays among the

‘pines.

Sweet, O sweet the Veeries ring,
Over all the birds that sing,
Bringing, winging back the dreams of boyish
times.
When I’m glad, I like the thrill,
Of the eerie whip-poor-will,
But when sad, I love the sighing of the pines.

Hail thee! flowers of the wood,
Haloed hoards of holyhood,
Bewildering in magical design,
Destiny; O lead me through
Glades of fluffy flowered rue,
And end my journey— neath a sounding ¢

pine.

¥ 4
Pe hi
> aa

HAD waited supper for my friends until
long past the usual hour for that ‘meal,
if hunters can be said to have regular
meal hours, and then eaten mine alone,
having made up my mind that the boys
would not come back to camp that night,

and small blame to them considering the |

state of the weather.

There were three of us in a party, and
we were making use of a log building that
had at some time been used ‘as the office,
A ” and sleeping room for the foreman
and clerk of a lumber shanty. The other
buildings had been more or less dismantled,
but the office, being small, and its parts of
small value in building new shanties, had
been left standing, as to the walls and roof
anyway ; and we had made it answer our
purpose for our two weeks’ stay in the woods.

In the morning of the day preceding the
night I speak of, my friends had gone out
to the railway to bring in a further supply
of provisions, and we figured that they
would get back to camp by six, or not later
than seven o’clock. The weather had been
fine in the morning, but shortly after noon
rain commenced to fall, and as the day
wore on to evening a cold wind came up from
the North West, and by six o’clock it was
blowing a gale. But it was not a steady
wind that you could rely on; It came in
fierce gusts that drove the rain against the
building like the pounding of duck shot,
and would then die away until there was a
great silence, in which the drip from the
roof sounded loud and out of all proportion.

While busy preparing and eating my sup-
per, and “cleaning up,” I did not pay much
attention to the weather, but when all was
snug, and I had settled down’ to read one
of the magazines I had brought with me,
by the light of our stable lantern, I found
_that the commotion outside commanded
my attention in spite of myself. I say the
commotion, but I doubt if that is correct.
It was the silence more than the noise of
wind and rain that drew me from my reading,
and caused me to listen, for what? I don’t
know. But while the wind blew strong,
and the rain pelted the building, I was at
ease, and read on with a feeling of comfort
and well-being. Then when the sound of
it had died away in a low moaning among
the trees to the South East, and the drip,
drip, from the roof became loud and clear,
I would catch myself listening with all my
power for something, I know not what.

This had gone on for some time, and I
did not realize how nervous I had become
until in the midst of one of these periods
of silence. there came to me the sound of
the long drawn-out howl of a timber wolf,
and I found myself shaking to the centre of
my being in answer to that most mournful
plaint. Cursing myself for a fool I sprang

a up, and moved around the one room of the

BE ALONE

E J. MceVEIGH

old office building, stirring up the fire, and .
turning down the blankets in the bunk I ~

was to sleep in. But even as I did this,
I was still listening, and it was with a sense
of relief that I heard the wind coming once
more.—Just as the taller trees began to
bend before its force, I thought I detected

Si

i 7
‘-

a new note in the air, and I moved quickly —

to the door and threw it open. As I did so,
the light streamed out in a narrow line,
and across this flashed two prey forms.
The pounding of their hoofs told me these

F

pf

must be deer, running fast, and before the -

noise of their flight had died away, a ch
of howls, yelps, and snarls, broke over
so close that they seemed on all sides at
once, and I sprang back and slammed the
door shut, as the wind came down with a
screeching .moan and the hunt of the hill
hounds swept by.

To say that I was frightened does not sound
like common sense for I was not in the slight-
est danger, but I was more than startled

4

t

and if the feeling I had was not fear it was,

But this was too much
with myself so
go to sleep.

a first cousin of it.
and I was extremely angry
I determined to turn in and.

The wind was now at its worst and I_

had one arm out of my coat in the first move
towards the blankets when I felt the air
cold on my back and turned to see the door
come slowly open a man step softly inside,
close the door, and place his back against
it. I looked at him in a manner that must
have been ‘“‘wildeyed ’’ and then fairly yell-
ed ‘“‘H—— man, where did you come from?”
He could not have heard me had I spoken
in an ordinary tone of voice but I expect
I would have yelled anyway even had the
wind and pelting rain not been causing such
a racket outside.
answer but held up his hand with that mo-
tion that is so hard to describ@ but which
we all seem to recognize as a request for
silence.

I am not a nervous man naturally
am fairly well accustomed to the woods and
all its ways but I was just then fresh from
the city and my nerves were in anythin
but good shape. In fact my doctor ha
told me that I was going head on towards
a nervous breakdown a short time before
I left home, and I had expected this out-
ing to build me up. Yet I felt thoroughly
ashamed of myself by this time and was
even ashamed of the feeling of relief the
sight of this man was to me when I once
got over the start he gave me coming in
as he did. So that it was an altogether
friendly look I directed towards him as he
stood by the door. He seemed to be a man
of middle age with untrimmed hair and
beard: and he was clothed in cheap, heavy
grey cloth with moccasins on his feet, and

He did not attempt to o

and |

in his left hand he carried a double barrelled ~ 7

muzzle loading gun while under his arm

866

hung an old fashioned powder horn. All
this I took in at a glance as he continued
to stand by the door with head leaning to
one side as if listening, while the water
dripped from his old cloth cap to his long
beard, from his beard to his coat, and from
his coat to the floor. He must haye been
wet to the skin, and I called to him to come
over to the fire, but he did not move further
than to turn his eyes to meet mine, and again
motion for silence. But this was nonsense,
and I had about enough of that for one
evening, so I stepped toward him, holding
out my hand to take his gun, while I said,

“Here old man, let me put that gun away,

and you get off that coat, and sit up to the

fire!’ But his only answer was to lean
toward me and say, “Hush, did you hear
them?”

“Hear them, of course I heard them, but
det yphem go and be done with them. Come
on, and get that coat off! This may be a
good night for wolves to hunt deer, but it’s
also a good night for men to be indoors with
a good fire.”

“They are not hunting deer.
they are after.”

I could have laughed as he said this, but
he again looked at me, and I saw that his eyes
were shining like those of an animal, and there

® was such an air of strained expectancy about

him, that I confess to a slight return ot the
shivers I had been enjoying most of the
evening. But I would not give way to that
again, and to relieve the situation I bustled
around putting wood into the tin stove, and
getting out a dry coat for my strange visitor.
He still maintained his attitude of listen-
ing at the door, when I again turned to him,
and as the blast had about spent itself once
more, I could speak in an ordinary tone,
as I again pressed him to lay aside his gun, and
come to the fire.

With the pausing of the tumult outside
his mood changed, and he allowed me to
_ have my way, so that I soon had him in a

dry coat, sitting close to the heat. But he
_ did not speak, and sat looking straight ahead,

listening, always listening. This was not
pleasant fof me, and I had no intention of
having it continue if I could help it, so I drew
up a seat opposite to him, and made another
attempt to “‘make talk.”

“Feel some better now, don’t you, and

where did you drop from anyway?” He
started at the sound of my voice, and glanced
around quickly. Then meeting my eye he
answered:

“Oh yes, I am all right—I came from camp

~~ number one.”

“Is that a hunting camp?”

“No, no, lumber camp, you-know. Camp
number one is headquarters, then camp
number two, that’s Dolan’s, and number
three is Turner’s.”

“Oh, I see now, and are you the summer
watch for these camps?”

“Yes, yes, that’s it. I’m the watch, all
alone, after the boys go out in the spring
you know. Just go around the camp to
see that things are all right.”

““Must be a lonesome job all right. I
suppose you don’t see many people during
the summer?”

It’s me

/

_tree for the wolves to eat.

, % é Wat 93: 2 i
““No, not many. No one all this sw
until Dolan came.” ee
“T see, he was foreman in one of the camps,
and came to visit you during the su .
I had been getting on very well,

>

a% ore -
Oe eee Se

“cia

watch” between cutting seasons. But my
visitor baulked at my mention of Dolan,
and directed at me a glance full of suspicion.

“How did you know Dolan came? Did
you see him too?”

“Why no, I don’t know anything about it.
You said he eame, you know.” f
“Did I, yes, yes, Dolan. You know Dolan
was killed I&st spring. Tree fell on him
and they said the wolves ate him that night
they couldn’t find him, but they didn’t,
I know. He came to see me in camp two,
first, then he followed me to camp three.
Oh yes, I know Dolan—d him. Listen!

Do you hear?”

The last words came with a yell as he
sprang to his feet with flaming eyes and at |
shaking body. The wind was coming again, 5;
and it was the distant moaning in the tree |
tops that had startled the poor madman,
for now I know what manner of visitor I
had to deal with, and I confess to a hollow
feeling, somewhere in the region of my stom-
ach, as he ran to the door, and braced him-
self against it, as the wind gathered its
forces, and hurled itself upon us with many
strange shrieks and moans, while the pelting
of the rain on the building seemed like an
attack by a legion of imps.

I could do nothing with the unfortunate
man while the wind kept up its wild sport,
and indeed I felt that it was even dangerous
to approach him, so that I could only stand
and watch the straining of his body as he
struggled against a force that existed only
in his own disordered brain, and occasion-
ally catch the gleam of his eyes as they roam-
ed in wild terror, as if seeking aid. But I
had now glimpsed a clue to his mania, and
as the wind died away, I made an effort to
get back to the seat by the stove.

“It is all right now, old man, they have
gone away again, so come and sit down
while I get you a dish of tea. Are you hun-
dry? Could you eat something?” —

He left the door with seeming reluctance,
stopping at each step toward the stove to
listen© with that horrible intentness, that
was fast wearing my nerves to a raw edge.
There was warm tea in the pot, and when ~~
I handed him a dish of it, he drank it down
at once, but when I offered him food, he
refused it.

“No, I can’t eat. I did eat something
to-day before he came. Listen! Say, why
does he come after me with his hell dogs?
I didn’t leave him out there under that
I was in head-
quarters camp then. I didn’t belong to
his camp. Hush, listen. No, that’s not
him. Way didn’t you help me hold the door? —
Are you on his side? If you are I'll cut
your heart out.” : a ‘

He was on his feet leaning toward me with
a long bright knife in his hand that he ha

.
1, i

~
c
a Ss? TS

—
as oh

4 55 4
ae ey SP

rig, %

a
his outer coat, and that I had not noticed
when he first came. But even as I braced
_\ myself for the struggle, his eyes wavered,
_ and with the knife suspended over me, he
turned his head and—‘Listen, do you hear
_ them?” ;

For a few moments longer he stood in that
attitude that suggested horrible, mental and
physical strain, and then slowly resumed
his seat, while I dropped into mine, with
a cold sweat breaking out all over me. In
size I was a fair match for him, but I had
Y measured strength with a lunatic once in
my life, and I knew something about the
‘o supernatural strength of a madman, and
teh this knowledge did not help to reassure me
as to the outcome of a struggle with the
crazed watchman. No, my best policy was
to keep him friendly. Following out this
idea, I spoke to him again, for I had no hope
of him falling asleep for many hours. I
® had some knowledge of how long a dement-

4 ed human being could go without sleep.
*‘Now, old man,” I began, “you are all
right here, and I will help you keep them
out.”
“All right, all right, I guess you are a good
man, but you know you can’t keep him out.
No one can do that but me. Locks are
no good, bars are no good. When he came
first, I fastened up all the doors and win-
J dows, but he got in. I thought it was a
- - bear at first, for he got into the store room

at the pork. But he came to my bunk in
the night, and told me that it was him, and
_ that he would come as often as he liked,
2 and take what he liked, because they had
¥ left him out there for the wolves to eat.

bh Listen! Hear them coming. Help me hold .
h the door. Quick, or I will cut you up when
they are gone.”

He was again at the door pushing and
straining, with me leaning beside him, feel-
ing sick, and wondering how long I could
keep it up, while the wind came on with a
rush and a roar, and the rain battered the
walls and roof.

When it was again quiet, he returned
to’ his seat without urging, and I put wood
in the stove before sitting down to wait
for the next move. It was he who started
the talk this time.

a “You know, I felt sorry for Dolan at
_ first, because he told me that the tree didn’t
kill him. It only held him down so he
couldn’t get away, and he was down in
the snow so it wasn’t so awful cold, and he
heard them looking for him once, but he
couldn’t make them hear, and they went
away, and it was near morning before the
& wolves came and they were afraid at first,
_ __ but they all came at him at once, and they

% pulled him all to pieces. Hush, do you
hear them? No, it’s only when the wind
blows that I hear them plain, and then
when they had eaten him and tore all his
clothes, he was naked, but he wasn’t cold,
‘only he couldn’t go away, he had to stay
near the camps. He watched all the men
go away in the spring, and only me left,
so he came to me. But that’s not tair,
now, is it? I didn’t belong to his camp

ri
SNe

eath that hung on his
yelt that he wore. under

you know; I was at headq
didn’t know he was ovt that night, bu
when I stayed in his ¢amp, he came to me _
and told me, and I wouldn’t stay in tha
camp at night any more, but he followed
me to number three, and I wouldn’t ste
there either. Then he came to headquarte
He had no right to do that, now had he
But he said he had, because I ran away fro1
the other camps, he would hunt me with
the wolves when the wind blew hard, be
cause now he could make the wolves do wha
he wanted them to do.— Then, hear tha
quick help me hold the door!’ ee

He had been talking in a low intense
tone that gradually eased off as he proceed-—
ed, until I began to hope for a change in his

There is no sound in nature ~
that can contract the human heart with
fear as can that mournful plaint, plead ;
threatening, mournful, and yet savage. It ~
steals on the senses causing the blood to
leap, and then slowly congeal, while you ©
shiver with dread of you know not what. —
If it can affect me like that under normal
conditions, and it can, is it any wonder then

that I was frozen in my seat as the madman
threw himself against the door. But the
look he threw at me, was so full of promise of

trouble to come, that I staggered to his

side with a curse for him and every wolf-
in Canada.

The howl of the first wolf was taken up
by others, as is the way of those pleasant
brutes, and their chorus was soon swelled
by the scream and moan of the wild, while
I leaned against the door beside the strain-
ing panting maniac, and told myself how
many kinds of a fool I was, while my rage
against him, the wolves, and the situation
generally, gradually overcame my neryous
fears. So that when the commotion had :
again subsided, and he turned to me, I was
ready for him, and looking him hard in the
eye, I ordered him back to his seat. He ~—
hung in the air for a moment, but seeing __
no weakening in my look, he went without
a word.

I had made up my mind that I must get
possession of his knife, and also see that
the guns, his and my own, were in a condi-
tion that would prevent him using them
quickly. So while he sat with his eyes on
the floor, I slipped my rifle into its case, —
and laid it on a bunk under the blankets. —
Then I moved over to his gun, and quickly
as possible removed the caps from the nip-
ples. That disposed of the fire arms all
right, but how to get the knife? And that,

I felt, was the most important thing after

all, for I would rather face a gun than a
knife any day. But the mad watchman ;
was ready to talk again, so I sat down to
listen as the best means of keeping him
quiet. Glancing around as if he had just
wakened from sleep, he began:

“Did you know Dolan? I mean before
he was dead? You can’t know him now, ~
you know! I am the only one that can
know him now, but you won’t tell anyone,
will you? You can’t tell Dolan, orI wouldn’t
tell you. He was a mean devil when he was”

xe

os in sd =—

868 Jd

alive. Yes, yes, I know he is worse now,
but he was dirty, yes ngs You ask the
bo in his camp. He didn’t use them
well—mean in little things you know. Say,
mean things a man couldn’t very well take
up. You know, don’t you? Were you ever
in a shanty? The farmers’ boys with their
teams, you know. Sometimes a horse would
be a little sick, and the young fellow would
want to favor it for a day, then Dolan would
put that boy and that team on the worst
job. You know, don’t you, what that would
mean to the boy weigh from home for the
first time, and afraid for his team? Some-
times the boy would cry when he thought
no one could see him., I know, and you
won't tell, will you? But I don’t think
the boys tried very hard to find Dolan that
night, and Dolan knows that now. Hush!
Don’t speak loud, he may be right. outside
without his pack. But he knows, and the
boys know, and they don’t speak of it.
They won’t come back to camp two. Oh,
no! But I must stay, and Dolan knows
that I know. It’s not fair, is it? I don’t
belong to his camp, and he had no right
to follow me to headquarters. D im!
Listen! Is that him?

had my nerves under oetter control
now, so that bis awful terror as he paused and
strained to listen, did not communicate
itself to me as it had at first, and I could
do a little planning and recall some things
I had learned about the management of
men in his condition.; So before he got
going again, I made an effort to divert his
miad into a new channel. Speaking slow-
ly and clearly, I said:

aun didn’t tell me your name. What
is it?”
“Oh, I’m Bell, Henry Bell. I am the

watch, the summer watch you know, and
Dolan—” ,

“Never mind Dolan, listen to me. Dolgn
is dead. Now you know he can’t cofne
near any living man but you. Is that right?”

“Yes, yes, that’s right, only me. There
are no others at the camp. Dolan knows
that and—”

“Yes, I know, and don’t you see you are
all right here with me. He can’t come in
while I am here. He can only stay out
there in the rain and howl. We don’t care
about him, let him howl.”

I had held him so far, and I saw a new
light in his eyes. He looked at me with
a puzzled frown for a moment.

“That must be true. Yes, yes, that
must be right. You wouldn’t fool me,
would you?”

“No, I wouldn’t fool you, but remember
now, Dolan can’t come here where I am,
and the wolves can’t come in. Remember
that now, they can’t come in where I am, so
you are—”

I had got so far when there came again
the wolf howl, and the poor fellow sprang
to his feet, shaking in a manner horrible
to see, but I held his eye and yelled at him,
“They can’t come in I tell you. Sit down!”

Again came the howl, but he sank down
onto the seat, his eyes fixed on me with a
wild glare, while now close at hand, and
then far away, the pack answered each

ARLE eas Pha Oe

ROD AND GUN IN

108)

’

other. The wind was coming aga
I braced myselt to meet the madmz
move. His excitement grew as the
increased, and as the blast struck us, he
was on his feet laughing wildly, and throw-

is head.

é
the door, while he screamed his defiance ;
and hurled curses too awful to think of, ;
at his enemy. I had not improved the aS
situation to any extent by changing the
direction of his thought, and I found myself
cursing the wolves and the wind, almost
as heartily as he was cursing Dolan.

As the wind died dowa his frenzy gradually
subsided, and when all was quiet again, he
returned to his seat by the stove, and sat
with his eyes directed toward the floor.
For a few moments neither of us moved.
I trying to think what to do next, and he
thinking—God knows what, when the wolves
began again, and I jumped in my seat with
ETN P these wolves!’ and then caught
myself and looked quickly at him. He
raised his head slowly until he met my eye,
and remarked quietly:

“They can’t come in!”

And then I laughed, laughed until the
tears came and my side hurt. I have no
doubt it was largely hysteria, but it was
funny to hear the madman attempt to re-
assure me with my own words used to him.
But his present mood gave me a new idea,
and I hastened to try it. He had paid no
attention to my laughing, but was looking
at the floor and muttering to himself. When
I got command of my voice, I spoke: ~

*““No, they can’t come in, and now I want
you to lie down and have a sleep. Do
you understand?”

“Oh yes, I understand, but I mustn’t sleep
you know. Dolan comes then.”

“But that’s when you are alone. I am
here, and I won’t let him in. You know
that, come on now! You lie down, and I
will keep watch.”

I went to one of the bunks and threw
down the blanket, patting the straw tick,
and coaxing him until he moved over be-
side me. The weariness of the poor wretch’
struck me then for the first time, and I felt
a great pity for him as he stretched himself
in the bunk. But I had not forgotten the
knife, and I stretched out my hand toward
it, at the same time asking him to let me
put it away for him. But more quickly
than the stroke of a cat’s paw, his hand
gripped my wrist with such a grip as I had
never felt before, and he held me so for a
moment, while he looked me in the eye, and
said one word: ee
eis “Nol?” ; f vad
# It does not look much, nor does it sound —
much when I say it, but as he said it, it~

3 would happen

j
‘%
1

shook me to the very soul.

h those steel fingers

my wrist, and when he slowly re-

ng
leased me, I went back to my seat by the

stove, nursing ay hand, and wondering what
if it’ came to a struggle be-
ween us. ;
The wolves continued to howl at inter-
vals, but the sound did not seem to reach
the madman. I think he must have fallen
asleep at once on lying down, and remain-
ed so during the next flurry of wind. I had
begun to feel sleepy myself in the succeed-
ing calm when I was brought back to wake-

fulness by a movement on his part, and

glanced up to see him on his feet. He was
talking softly to himself with an unseeing
look in his hie that reminded me of a sleep
walker, and he made the round of the room
without paying any attention to me. Com-
ing back to his bunk he stood before it for
a time before once more lying down. This
promised well, and while I put more wood
in the stove, I considered whether I should
risk turning in myself, but concluded to
wait until after the next heavy blow, to see
how he came through it.

It was as well that I did, for I had hardly
heard the first whimper of the beast com-

ing, when he was again on his feet with the

old look of wild fear in his face, listening. Of
all the things he had done up to that time,
that strained listening was the hardest thing
to bear. I can remember that, as boy
I used to take delight in sitting on the grass
with other boys as it was getting dark, and

_ telling them a story. Then as I worked up

to a climax, I would look past them with a
wild fixed gaze, until they would jump and
run past me, afraid to turn their heads to
see what they thought I must be seeing.
If some of those boys could have seen me
now, they would have had their revenge.
I could feel myself giving way to a rage of
fear that was only held in check by a force

_ that compelled me to listen also.

While he held the door and fought, with
horrible heaving and straining against an
inanimate object, he filled me with a sicken-
ing horror. When he leaped and _ raved
with awful curses, I shrank from him in
disgust, but his attitude of strained listen-
ing bred in me a helpless rage and fear that
Could I have
moved, I could have killed him then as
he stood stooping slightly forward, with
wide fear distended eyes, and set face, while
his body was as motionless as a rock, and

_. yet gave you the impression of straining

to break away from bonds that your eyes
could not see.

Thus we remained until the wind died
away, and he then turned with a sigh, and
went back to his bunk. All idea of sleep
had now left me, and I sat down to com-
pose my nerves, and brace myself for the
next trial. I felt weak and tired. I doubt

40
anes <

if I ever felt so tired in my life
wished with
friends, that the

yet before that could be.

we would do when they came, if my mad-

man was still with me, and I decided that oy %

we must fall on him and tie him up. Then

get him out to the railway by some means, $

all my heart and soul for my
r S might relieve me for a
time, if it was only for a few minutes. But —
I knew that I had to go on for many hours ~
The thought —
of my friends started me planning what —

and communicate with his employers. He
could not be left here in the wilderness, in >

the solitude that had driven him mad.

was at no loss to understand his case, as

I had heard of men going insane on the

summer watches in the great lonely woods, ©

and I had met one or two of them who had
been to say the least, a little “queer.”

I had lost track of the passage of time
for a moment, when I was brought up “all
standing’ by the madman leaping from his
bunk with a screech that was anything but
human, and with a movement so quick that
the eye could hardly follow, pluck the knife
from his hip and strike downward through
the bed again and again. As he plucked it
forth each time, the blankets would heave,
horribly suggestive of a human body in agony.

I was staring at him, fascinated, .when
he suddenly desisted from his awful stabbin
and turned toward me with a low cry o
baffled hate. ;

“He is gone, he is gone, again.
you Dolan. I will hunt you down now if
I follow you to hell.” 5

And then before my eyes, before I could
make a single movement to stop him, he
caught his beard in his left hand, threw back
his head, and drew the gleaming knife across
his throat. As the awful gash appeared,
and the head dropped further back, I shriek-
ed aloud in an agony of fear and horror,
but I continued to gaze fascinated as the

body swayed back, bent at the knees, and

went down with a slump. To add to the
horror, there came again the plaintive cry
of the wolf, and the wind swept down with,
it seemed to me, an added mournfulness
in its wails.

If he struggled after he fell, the sound
of the wind hid the noise of it from me, and
I did not see, as I had turned my back for
a moment to shut out the sight of him. . So
then when I went past the stove to where
he lay, he was quite dead. But the blood—
there seemed to be gallons of it. It was
all over him, and the floor was covered with
it.

But death of itself has no great terror for
me, and while I could not bring myself to
the point of lifting him into the bunk, I
straightened his limbs, and propped up the
poor head to keep it in a natural position.
Then I went out in the cool night air.

GIT

Curse -

.

4 VY
ae:

4

“

THE SPIRIT OF PRESERVATION |

ROBERT PAGE LINCOLN

Gentlemen, Anglers and Comrades:—Just
now we are at the threshold of a New Year.
An old year has dwindled amid its ice and
snow and has passed into the Great Beyond
of Other Years. Above our heads in the
fields the skies are slate-grey; the, rolling
land is tucked down to rest under a robe of
quiet ermine and so in its stage of dormancy
everything is sleeping a well-earned sleep,
awaiting the time when the warm sun will
again appear in a pure azure sky, to awaken
flowers and grasses and leaves and so re-
juvenate the scenes we love so well. Our
favorite trout stream is now covered deep
with snow, and the ice is thick on the lakes;
the fish are hibernating among the reefs and
the rocks; the trout have buried themselves
in the mud; everything is silent and still and
cold. But the days of summer, of many
past summers, ranging far back into one’s
youth are not forgotten. As one sits now
by the fire and watches the logs crumble to
dull red glows on the hearth he reminiscently
is tided backward and over again in memory
he plays that large brook trout, or that rain-
bow and he remembers with grateful satisfac-
tion that he was using the most sportsmanlike
of tackle, the bamboo or steel fly-rod and
the finest of hand-tied flies. It is all a pic-
ture, the glamour of which clings irresistibly
to Memory’s film, but it is never forgotten.
Rather as age creeps on each scene becomes
more vivid and more touched by the rare
colours of a kindly exaggeration.

There are those of us who turn to good old
Mother Nature for consolation and sympathy.
The wound of strife is deep and bitter in its
intensity. Bereavement is keen. Sorrow is
great. And since among our fellows, the
barren tawdriness of shaped stone and molded
street, no consolation of soul reaching merit
can be found Nature always furnishes the
remedy for the ache and the blot of mind
unrest. In the eleventh hour it is always

a blue sky that calls; a rippling stream that
renews the current of valiant feeling and re-
plants in the heart some great vital energy
and endeavour. For after all we are as much
a part of Nature as Nature herself. Part
and parcel of her we live and breathe, vanish
in death and become a part of her dust. It
is the heroic standpoint we so wish to ap-
proach; and it is Nature’s illimitability that
we must pattern from and out of which we
must express ourselves.

At the beginning of this new year I wish
to talk of conservation; and especially, I wish
to talk about the preservation of our waters
and streams, and the fish supply that has
its home therein. I can think of no subject
just now that is more in need of presentation
in a magazine of this sort.

The populace at large has never yet eae
nized the immense value of our fish supply
which has been judged inexhaustible. It
has been deemed capable of sustaining any
manner of inroads. By the people at large
it is generally held that with the advancing of
civilization, and the polluting of the waters
the fish are able to adjust themselves to
conditions and live in unclean water with
the same fortitude and health as previously.
General knowledge on the subject is nil. The
confidence of the people is monumental. The
ignorance of the majority is scandalous. The
small minority of conservationists have always
given time, money and patience to educatin
the people in the need of caring for an
valiantly protecting the wild life and the fish
supply of this continent. The minority have
always been laughed at and derided. The
majority always wait until the last minute
to take up the principles of conservation and
then work, feverishly to endeavour to restore
what has been so lawlessly, and overwhelm-
ingly taken out. The minority is always
prepared for the inevitable disaster. The

majority always feel the hurt the deepest
airs

—

Oo

he res ‘of ther creed “leave it to Na-
ure, she will take care of it.”” But Nature,
sadly, has her limitations. In a wild state
everything within her confines works with
- clocklike regularity and exactness. Nature
-_-with an inevitableness that is marvelous works
out that greatest of all plans. She gauges
everything by balance and proportion. There
“never is an overflow of any one thing within her
domain that is not met and overcome to
return it to the list of balance and proportion.
Is there an overflow of any one manner of
fs insect? Nature at once sets her chosen birds
to destroy that overflow, which day after
_ day they assail with an appetite that is in-
comparable. On my island camp I sit in
June at the tent door. Flocks of birds glut
themselves all day long on winged insects.
The capacity of these birds is staggering—
they are the lowly cowbirds. In the higher
pastures there occurs a season of superabund-
ance in the white grubworms. Forty or
more crows parade up and down those pas-
tures day in and day out rooting out those
destructive cutters of the grass roots and
¥ suddenly, one week, the grubworms have
vanished. The ignorant majority, attaching
itself inseparably to the superstitions of old,

a menace and a harm. The Black Robber,
the Thief, the Assassin. we hear it boomed
in our ears from youth up. We do not ques-
tion the right or wrong of this; we do not
investigate; we accept the current or pre-
valent opinion and we kill—because someone
_ said the crow robbed us of our heritage and
drew the hair from our heads}
-In the winter as I walk the snowy fields
I see the winter birds around me. Here are
the gay chicadees, here the various nuthatches,
here the tom-tits, here the brown creepers,
_ and here the varied woodpeckers. Day in,
and day out they labour with might and
main, going up and down the rotten trees,
destroying parasites, tree lice, insect eggs and
larvae. Miulhons upon millions are done
away with. In the fields the chaste finches,
____ the useful species of the sparrow, the buntings
_..and many others assail the weed thickets
and destroy future weeds by the millions of
5 tons. Is it not a part of Nature’s plan that
_ they are with us, purposely to keep down
that superabundance of weed and insect life?
Have they not the same opportunity as the
_ millions of other birds to fly south in the
_.autumn, to warm shores; and yet here we
find them busily at work on the most bitter
of days, singing a song in between. Nature’s
* - chosen no doubt they feel the strange power
for good that rests within them, and so they
_ .femain, appreciated only by a select few,
by the majority totally unseen. The above
_are just stray illustrations of Nature and the
_ plan by which she works. In a wild state
we always recognize her inevitable propor-
: tions; always an abundance of each and no
immense overflow because her birds, her
adjusters have been killed off by Man, the
~ Arch-Destroyer. Here, it is true, lives the
survival of the fittest. The smaller makes
food to uphold and support the larger. Just
Man, more by a deadly intelligence than
main strength, with his destructive inventions,

+
‘s

gS ah ea aR el
ay oitciite their cupidity,

_ kill the crows in which they see nothing but.

7 ee | ae Ae SRA
kills for the mere joy of killing. ©
misconception that to be a “bi unte
one must go out to the blinds and gariee
three, four or five times as many ducks and

"

geese as he can, in amy sense of the word, make __

use of; or to be a wonderful fisherman he

must carry home a whole sack full of different
sorts of fishes so that in his ignorant vanity
he can boast of being superior to his fellows
who perhaps were not so “fortunate” or who
were satisfied with a few fish, taken on fine
tackle. This sort of individual should feel
ashamed and hide his face. :

I know of certain men who go out on the —

lakes for instance and they fish for a whole

week and keep their fish in a pen, alive, in
When they are ready to go home

the lake.
they take the whole aggregation of fish with

them; then they have their pictures taken — a
standing among their butchery of fish, and

they send the photograph to the daily

apers
to print, with a line underneath: “*

a

aught .

fe
(6S

in four hours by two men at Lake So and So.”

All to make people, in their brazen ignorance
look up to them admiringly as mighty sons
of Walton—when in truth they are no more
anglers in any sense of the word than the men

who split fish and hang them on hooks in the
The root idea that they bore —

fish markets.
in mind during that whole week of fishing
was that they were going to get fish by what-
ever craft or wholesale netting system they
could devise merely so that they could pose
as “‘big’’ fishermen. Such men can see no-

. thing in fishing but the taking of innumerable

fish. People accept the man with the many
fish as being the highest exponent of piscator-
ial art. ; They are viewed with admiration be-
cause they- have caught a sack full of fish—
it does not matter how; they have fish. Hay-
ing fish they are mighty fishermen and are
fit to sit in the halls of fame, alongside Wal-
ton, Cotton and all the rest of the illustrious
clan. As a matter of fact they should be
in jail and they should be assigned to eat
every fish they have ever taken, flesh, fins,

‘ bones and all.

I know of a certain foreigner, a Swede, who
goes out to the lakes and he will sit there a
whole day rafting in sunfish till he has so
many he can carry no more. Then he stag-
gers home. Once he dug down two hundred
and fifty fish I am told, that had soured in
the boiling sun. Yet among the people he
remains a great fisherman; he can sit by the
hour and tell how many hundred he rafted
out here; how many hundred in that lake;

and how many thousand he used to take in ~

those lakes when the fish supply was more

abundant than now. Furthermore this od-

ious, despicable foreigner wonders where the

fish are going to.‘ The insufferable clown

has not enough gray matter caged under his

hair to see what has become of it, with two

hundred voracious Swedes rafting out fish «
every day in the season in goodly lakes near

to civilization.

Then, again, there is the fishing by the
majority over the spawning beds of the fishes
in the spring. Ah, what anopportunity is
now presented! The heart of the sack-filling
foreigner throbs with anticipations. He is
in a nervous flurry and excitement to get to

: the official spawning beds before his brothers

872

If he could he would fish with fourteen poles
and then lament that the law does not allow
one to scoop them out, with nets. Never
in all the year is such an abundant oppor-
tunity for fish spoil presented. In the later
season this ignorant tribe have not the wis-
dom or knowledge how to skillfully catch
these fish, but now they have them in shallow
water at their mercy and proceed to catch
all that they can carry. They are easily
caught in the spawning beds. For instance
there are the strawberry bass, or the croppies.
They are in the spring found inshore by the
thousands. Drop a minnow on a §baited
hook down to them and at once it is snapped.
A catch is almost certain. The minnow on
the hook would be snapped up whether the
fish were in a desire for it or not, maddened
often by having this affair dragged before
their noses. If the fish will not by chance
bite, what does this fellow do? Directly he
connects two or three hooks, or uses a gang.
This he lets down alongside that fish that
stands guard over that round bed where the
precious eggs are and he deliberately hooks
the fish and rafts him in. - This does. not
arouse curiosity above a few words from some
enthusiastic woman: ‘“O look he just now
hooked one!’’ Because all anyone of these
fishers is after is the fish. Outside of what
happens directly below them no attention
is paid.

What is true with the strawherry bass, is
true of the sunfishes. Only the sunfish are
so easily, easily, easily caught out of the
spawning beds. Your relentless game hog
has about as much knowledge of what these
fish are doing in these small round beds as
I have about farming on Mars. One of this
type once solemnly declared that the fish
constructed these bed-. He pointed out
how they loved it—to lie in these beds sun-
ning themselves. Thai, he declared (and
without charge) was why they were called
sunfish; the term being derived from sun-
ning themselves in these beds. This man
caught over two hundred of these spawn
guards in that colony of beds. This, how-

ever, is but a trifling incident to what goes _

on: here, there and everywhere during the
spring season in every section of the con-
tinent, north, south, east and west. Peoples
wonder among themselves why the fish are
getting scarcer every year and why the fish
hatcheries have to work night and day to
replenish the supply. The taking of fish in
the spawning season is the direct cause of
the loss of billions upon billions of fishes alone.
With the common fishes it is not so bad be-
cause they are so prolific. _With rainbow
trout and speckled trout it is different. They
can easily be stamped out of existence by
inroads by the destructive fisherman over
the spawning beds in the spring. Where
these fish refuse bait (as they then will), they
can invariably and readily be hooked.
More game, furred, finned and feathered,
has been waylaid and exterminated in season
and out by foreign elements that come to
our shores than by our own population. In
the homelands of Europe the people have
been used to skimp and live frugally; a crust
of bread in cases being a luxury. When they
come to this continent where they are told

' “get it before the next fellow comes along.” 6!

of glutting themselves. ey ee
selves like the veriest pigs, afraid that ay ies
cannot get enough, feeling that they must ©

They feel that if there is abundance abroad ~
they must get all of that abundance they
can regardless of their fellows, and no thought
is given the supply they are drawing from.
Like the odious taint of prosperity (at the
expense of blood and bone), they believe
that if is inexhaustible, a fountain gushing
out luxuries without end. They wish to take _
while the taking is good. These criminally
wasteful still-fishermen, the wanton exterm-
inators, you can bet an honest dollar are
always. abroad. Fat and snug and com-
placent they go out and it is in trying to out-
rival one another in catching the most fish
that they find their sport. Should they have
poor success at rafting in more than two or
three the aggravation of these monumentally
selfish hogs in human form is heart-rendin,
to see. have known men like this, in suc
cases, show signs of crying; and they were
only prevented from giving wholesale ex-
pression to their grief in billowing sobs by
the fact that their fellows were watching
them and expecting just that thing.

The Angler is famous for the fact that first
and above all things he takes always sparingly
from the waters he is fishing. He sees more
than the fish he catches. The taking of the
fish is but a secondary consideration; the
getting out close to the breast of good Mother ~
Earth is the great actuating impulse and
enchantment; to feel the winds blowing sum-
mer gladness over the land and to hear the
incomparable music of the stream tossing
golden notes into the air. It is a few fine
fish taken on fine tackle and in the most
sportsmanlike of methods that brings to
him joy and contentment. To stoop to
such an inglorious act as taking more fish
than can well be made use of is a blot on the
mind rather than a solace to the soul. Says
Charles Bradford:

“Outside of market fishing and camp fish-
ing for the pot the one real object in fishing
and angling is the pursuit itself and not the
quarry. I have always found the greatest
pleasure in fishing is the fishing and not the
blood and bones associated with the pursuit.

I would rather take five fair fish on fine tackle,
correctly manipulated, than fill the hold
with a hundred horrid monsters mastered
by mere strength, as in hand-line trolling for
bluefish in the ocean and for muscallonge,
etc., in fresh water. My bayman develops
fits bordering closely upon incurable hysteria

if I lose a single bluefish in the play, but
he worries not when he goes ashore with a
sloopful of handliners and half a hundred ~~
fish he cannot make good use of. If it’s the :
fish alone that is the object of the Angler’s
eye, why resort to any sort of tackle when
there is a fish stall in every bailiwick?

“There is great need of enlightenment in
the common ethics of angling.

“Many persons are under the impression ~
that quantity rather than quality makes the —
Angler’s day. According to their view «
the pursuit, fishing is judged by figures,

{
q
q
r
q

re

a accessions from the great lake.
uncommon thing for a couple of anglers to re-
_ port one thousand trout as the result of three

. ‘ y vias C > ;
finance—glory be to the man with the
biggest balance. This is not so, because if

ee ae

ee ‘view were accepted, Rockefeller would
be pre-eminent above Christ,

Snakespeare
or Lincoln. The mere catch—the number
of fish taken—is on!y one little detail; it is
not all of angling. If it were, the superior
fisherman would be the man who got his fish
in 2ny manner. Some of our greatest Anglers
purposely never excel in the matter of num-
bers. The Angler’s true qualities are based
on the application of correct tackle, correct
methods in fishing, and a correct appreciation
of the pursuit, the g:me, the day and the

craft. ;

“The neophyte always confounds the angler
with the indiscriminate fisherman and so
implicates the Angler in the cruelty and
fishing, when in fact the Angler is the real
pror.cator and protector of the fishes, and
is i. no sense cruel or wasteful. The laws
that prohibit greedy catches, and protect
the mother fish in breeding time are made
by, enforced by, and supported - financially
by the Angler. The rearing of the fishes
that are placed in depleted waters was origin-
ated by, is conducted by, and is paid for by
the Angler. No other class has earnestly
bothered its head, honestly lifted its hands,
or liberally opened its purse in these matters,
and the nearest association man in general
has with the preservation of both wild fish
and fowl is in uttering a cowardly, false
accusation against the one who really de-
serves sole credit for the work, the sportsmen,
the genuine field sportsman, not the vicious
sporting man of the race track, cockpit, and
gambling den—two distinct species of ani-

‘mal, as vastly separated in character as the

deerhound and the dragon!”

Pursuing a like trend of thought Charles
Hallock has written:

“In the name of Izaak, what is the use of
catching so many fish as the majority of
anglers aspire to do? Does the record of
great counts establish one’s title to superiority
as an angler? Does it prove anything more
than a superabundance of fish? I know that

- these boat-loads are captured by main

strength and not by delicate manipulation,
because ten minutes is little enough time to
land a heavy fish on fine tackle. But I can
tell you of something worse than this—of
men who seine the lakes of fish and feed
the product to their hogs! Why cannot men
learn to be provident of good gifts and con-

siderate of other people who will come after-
_ them.”

In the year 1882 Hallock wrote about fish-

’ ing along the Brule River, in Northern Wis-

consin, which was then at the height of its
popularity as one of the best trout streams
on the continent. Just shortly before that
year the railroads had extended their lines
within easy reach of it, and the result was
that anglers hied themselves there by the
hundreds or thousands. Hallock says:
“Tens of thousands of very large trout
are taken from the Brule along the entire
stream every year, and I cannot imagine how
it is kept from depletion except BY annual
6.15) no

“tion other destructive breeds.

i de
or four days’ fishing! Now what is the 1
Couldn’t they be content with enough to

and « few to bring away? What becomes of the — é
first day’s catch? For only the take of the

last day will be fresh enough to fetch home.” —
Having angled-the whole length of the

Brule in the present day the present writer —
has witnessed the extreme—the day ate

y ae
by the most elaborate care and the shrewdest ‘

Hallock in 1882 may have foreseen.

of angling methods is one successful with —
the few trout along the river to-day. The

native knows little of such fish as trout; they”
never catch them; they rarely bite even on

worms. The Brule River to-day is famous

for its- overwhelming numbers of suckers,

carp, redhorse and buffalo-fishes, not to men-

The once

trout-famous Brule, where these beautiful

pure-water fishes could be taken by the thou-

sands is now a memory. A native remarked

to the writer:

“If somebody would dump a cargo of cat-
fishes and bullheads into the Brule we would
have some fine fishing. The other fish (the
suckers, redhorse and other crude fish) are
good only in the early part of the season.
Bull heads make fine fishing and eating the
year around.”

Studying this carefully one will find a lot
of homely sarcasm therein.

What has been true of American streams
is or will be true of Canadian streams. It
is not such a long look into the future till
the time when the splendid Canadian streams,
even in the wildest of territory are going to
be menaced by the outcroppings of a steadily
increasing and over-running population. More
and more fishermen will annually go forth
to try their luck, and only a tidy proportion
of these are men who use the most difficult
and artful of angling systems and are satisfied
with the few fish they catch, following these
methods. The majority are those fishermen
who are out for fish and will use any way or ©
means to bring those fish to creel. Against
the unscrupulous inroads of Man, the Arch-
Destroyer, the fish supply cannot possibly
last. In the Game Commission reports of
Canada I find evidence of the fact that the
fishing is not now nearly up to the standard
it has been. Unprincipalled gamehogs enter
Canadian territory and yearly catch ten
times more fish than they can possibly make
use of. A party of two or three out some-
where have their photos taken holding up
a catch of twenty or more grey trout, with
perhaps a mingling of large brook trout. In
the name of all things what can they do with
these fish, I ask you. They alone cannot
consume them; they cannot get them to other
people because they are too far away. So
the greater portion of all this fish is thrown
away to waste and decay, a tribute to man’s
arrogant selfishness.

It is indeed worthy of note that the more
a water is fished the more instilled with wis-
dom do the fish become. Thus it is that
fish learn in time to avoid the average lures
such as artificial minnows, spoons, etc. It
is a matter for congratulation that such is
the case or in one year humanity would des-
troy every fish that swims. I know cases
where not even the shrewdest devices will

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cause fish to bite. I know of one lake within
the confines of a large city which fairly teems
with large sunfishes, strawberry bass and
other fish, and yet, drop your line and the
most alluring bait before their very noses
and they will invariably turn away. Does
it not seem that some invisible teachings of
Nature, the great and good, are at work,
instilling in these fish some innate wisdom
whereby one and all are delivered from
temptation, and therefore, from _ capture.
Shaking faithfully into the well-adjusted
workings of this planet I think we are justified
in so believing.

The longer Man lives close to the breast of
Nature, the more faithfully he abides by her
rules. Your woodsman has a simple, thought-
ful, inseparable religion. Out of the streams
for his pleasure and his appetite he takes a
trout or two; or a bass, and then ceases though
the chance be offered to annhiliate a thousand.
Why? Because there is none of the veneer
of civilization upon him; he has Nature’s
simplicity and honesty; he has been closer
to the living God and has learned to be con-
tent with a little, taken from Nature’s great
storehouse.

It remains with us to-day to considerately
care for, protect and replenish the waters of
this country. And we can all do our part,
if no more than to see to it. that from the
streams and the lakes we only take as many
fish as we need for our use on the table in
civilization or on the pie-tin plate in camp.
Truly it is not all of angling to angle, if. we
are to use these words. Canada has an out-
door beauty that is serene and beautiful in
its picturesqueness—that charm that stamps
the last outposts of the wilderness; a part of
that unbroken wall of the forest of long ago.
To keep it so in the future, for the benefit
of cur coming men and women is an act of
graciousness.

Angling, the Great Art, has been followed
from the earliest centuries; it has kept pace
with current thought and action, and always
will as long as men continue to live and breathe
upon this planet, till that time in the distant

THE PLEASURES OF ANGLING. |

ROBERT PAGE LINCOLN

HE pleasures of angling are innumer-
I able; if this were not true then angling

would soon be forgotten or would ir

all events have but few enthusiastic followers
who would yearly go out to try their luck
along the streams, and fill their souls with
some of Nature’s pure divinity. Angling
may be said to be the most honored pastime
in existence and one that has been in exist-
ence for centuries, during which time it has
been elaborately dealt with in literature,
prose and verse. From the time of Dame
Juliana Berners, (1486), Walton and Cotton,
up to the present day there have been in-
numerable volumes put forth upon the sub-
ject, and the subject of the taking of the
various fishes of the world has received the

i is, Seay ee
future when this planet shall be a frozen
less sphere. In the thoughtful words of —
Charles Bradford, one of Nature’s prime
noblemen: ‘ cS ee

_“Gentility in the limit of the catch and
giving the fish its sporting chance on light ©
tackle constitute the ethical soul of angling.
The fisherman who stops fishing when he
has a few specimens is angling; he’s an Angler.
The fisherman who fishes with no limit in
his catch is merely fishing; he’s a fisherman,
not an Angler. Fishermen and men who do
not go fishing or angling argue that the object
sought by the Angler is the fish, but Anglers
all agree that the game is but one of the
trillion of pleasant things that attract them
to the pursuit of it. They argue and specu-
ate and experiment in the matter of rods and
tackle, and they argue as to the various
species, the qualities of the waters, the con-
ditions of the weather; they have ever been
and ever will be calmly agreed as to the object
of it all—the love of studying rather than
id the game—the love of the pursuit
itself.

“They angle because of its healthfulness
and the consequent exhilaration of mind and
body that attends the gentle practice, not te
merely for the fishes it may procure them, os
or for the sake of killing something, as the
unenlightened person charges, for the death “
of an animal, to the eee is the saddest 3
incident of his day. All things animate,man
included, were made to kill and to be killed.
The only crimes in killing are in, killing our
own kind, and in killing any kind inhumanly.
Of all creatures the Angler is the least offender &
in these crimes. The very game he seeks
though beautiful and gentle to the eye, and,
at times, noble in deed and purpose is the
most brutal killer of all the races—the lovely
trout in its attack upon gaudy flies, the valiant
bass and pike in devouring their smaller
brethern, and the multitudinous sea-fishes,
not alone in their feeding upon one another,
but in their wanton murder of the millions _
upon millions of victims of their pure love of ~~
slaughter.”’ ae

widest and most indulgent attention. There
is hardly a subject that has been so gen-
erously received by publishers and the read-
ing public, who never seem to tire of it be-
cause of its wide and wholesome va-
riety, its inspiration and its impetus toward
a better and fuller life. If it is true that
angling has thus long exerted a fascination
upon mankind doubtless the fascination will —
remain for always, to enliven his days and
make beautiful his contemplation. Angling, —
the process itself, and the entertaining method __
of telling of it through writings, on the sub-
ject, prose and verse will remain for all time,

a permanent institution. During the whole
life of angling nothing has been pr
against it to show that it is destructiv

Piha sy
o good thinking and

or detrimental
constructive impulses. It is for this reason
it will always be with us. Had it been a
common brutal method, a fisherman’s mar-
ket filling performance it would have died a
lonely, dismal death and except for mention
on the market pages of various daily sheets
nothing would have been said about it.
Angling, however, is a recommendation of
unselfishness; of preservation; of a looking
about one and seeing Nature in the fullness
of her perfection. Angling is intrinsically
more than fishing for the mere sake of catch-
ing fish. Its very perfection lies in its apart-
ness from anything catering to stress or
excitability; it is the greatest moderator,
the quieter of unreined spirits, leading one
along watery trails to peace, resolve and
final contentment. Life cannot be pursued

so forth without some relief from the hum-
drum part of living. Merely to live is no
enchantment. Merely to roll in wealth, to
have all one can eat, all one can drink, all
one can sate his passions with is not a com-
plete realization of Life. It has nothing
to its credit above mere momentary indulg-
ence. Pleasures that money buy are so
common that they reek in their emptiness,
their superficiality. But the pleasures of
angling may be partaken of by the poorest
man to the very height of its appeal. The
beauty and simplicity of angling cannot be
purchased in mere gold. There is something
else far more necessary.

Walton has stated in his immortal ’scripts
that angling affords ‘“‘habits of peace and
patience in those who prefer and practice
it,” and latter says that, ‘“‘no life can be
so happy, or so pleasant, as the life of the
well-governed angler, for when the lawyer is
swallowed up with business, and the states-
man is preventing or contriving plots, there
we sit on cowslip banks, hear the birds sing,
and possess ourselves in as much quietness
as these silent silver streams, which we now
. see glide by us.’ Walton, the father of
i angling, was indeed a contemplative man.
mR He did not pose as a great fisherman cater-
i ing only to great scores but was more con-
tent to idle along a pleasant stream in his
beloved Staffordshire, taking a fish occasion-
ally of course, but spending immeasurably
more of his time in serenely viewing life and
speculating upon the varied blessings that
are in its train. Some hold that angling is
but an excuse to get out into the quiet nooks
of Nature for a peaceful sojourn away from
bs the strife of a competitive world; to forget
the clangor, the dust, the cry and the fashion-
ably conventional things that are not in any
sense of the word natural but which are in-
sanely held up as the rule to abide by. It
was no doubt to get away from just such
scenes that Walton hied himself to his streams
and there found solace in a natural manner
as is befitting and beautiful. What Walton
taught was simplicity above all things, an
apprehension of the smaller things in life
___which it is easily proven are the most full of
__ wisdom and purpose. Hear what Fenwood

has to say of the immortal Izaac.

_ “Every patron of the gentle art who loves
n hour by the running stream musi needs

\
~
j
vi
r .

along lines of stress, pressure of business and -

ae er Sa Sch eee miles
have him by heart. The pr nged
of delightful things which he viewed “‘wit
sapient eye serene” and which for descrip-
tive elegance have no parallel in any language,
have influenced the minds of men who had
no taste for angling. The grand simplicity
of his style, the beauty of his rural pictures _
and pastoral poetry and the philosophy of
his theme have made thousands of disciples
of such as were wont to look upon the soli-
tary angler as a harmless, half-witted itiner- —
ant. Fortunate, indeed, it is for us who
whip the swollen streams that “The Honest —
Angler’ was handled by such a man as Wal-
ton. Had it been attempted by a tyrant ~~
we never would have been privileged to take
Jesse’s beautiful edition of the Complete [
Angler in our hands to-day. bite“

Walton was a pious man. The same con-.
tented mind which was able to deal so de-
lightfully with a light subject was able to
expound the truths of casuistry to the in-
digent and low. Doctor Johnson and Doc-
tor Young would have earned but scanty ~
praise had they sung their cynical lines to
those who, by long communion with green
fields and clear streams had found some-
thing to enjoy, beyond the spheres where ~
Christians thirst for gold. And so, these
men, whose teachings I would emulate, wore
away their days tranquilly into the nineties.
They saw their fellows pursuing intangible
spectres, the curse of avarice, and the tawdry
sham happiness of wealth, under which, -in
the heydey of manhood they sank out of
sight and recollection. How many have |
denied themselves a day’s outdoor recreation
when their systems required it, simply be-
cause they were idolators of the-few dollars
it would cost them, and have grown old and
cranky trying to get that which they hoped
in future years to flaunt at courts, but who
passed from this gay scene away and left
their hoarded pile for others to wrangle over.
The human system is like unto a bow, which,
in order to preserve the tension must be
relaxed occasionally, which becomes a worth-
less thing when its elasticity is no longer
apparent.”

Angling is not however a pastime for youth
alone. Ah, the pastimes, the pleasures that

-hold their own only as long as the limbs

are double-vital and the body is fresh and
new and building. How often they demand
excessive muscular strain, swiftness and the
need of much disturbing mental concentra-
tion. But angling holds its own frem the
cradle to the grave, one might say, and fol-
lowing its pleasurable route one grows old,
gracefully, drinking in much of the sunlight
and the air from cool woods and plashing rap-
ids, silver flashing to the sunbeams. Charies
Hallock ably writes as follows in regard to
this feature of angling:

“Be a man ever so old, he still can plod,
and still can fish. Whatever other functions
fail, this remains. An angler may outlive
all his usefulness, but he can never outlive
his longing for the old haunts and the enjoy-
ment of fishing, albeit his joints are too stiff
to play the struggling captive home. Thanks
be to the Creator who has so ordained the
laws of Nature that the longest and best
lives are vouchsafed to those who find their

TN vs Yd kale 2) ape hig

876 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

chosen quest and pleasure in the open air!
No tree of evil grows in the Eden of the
angler; but vigor of mind, elasticity of limb,
amiability of eT a loving kindness, con-
tentment and healthful introspection cluster
and hang like grateful fruit upon all the
branches everywhere.”’ And again he re-
marks:—‘‘The subject of Angling stands the
same as it was four centuries ago, unchange-
able, fixed, eternal. The same interest in-
vests it now as then; the same enthusiasm is
kindled in old and young alike. In infancy it
is the initial out-of-door pastime.
age one Still can fish; and even after the
mortal coil is shuffled off there gleams a con-
stellation in the heavens, beyond the dead
line, to illuminate the angler’s path of glory!
Thus from the beginning of antiquity, when
the waters covered the face of the earth,
until the ultimate end of time the art and
the subject are alike illustrated and en-
nobled. The pride of his calling dignifies
the angler while topics much less scaly fail
to win equal plaudits for the pen!”

The practical. cynic will observe that in
the literature of angling too much space is
expended in sentimentalization, that it is
all a fickle fancy, without any substance to
it, that it is a waste of so many words cover-
ing the same grounds.

And yet when one stops to think of it does
not the passion for angling depend upon
the fine words and rich phrases used to
especially characterize it. Angling literature
without its correctly expressed sentiment is
hopelessness personified; in fact it is just the
- well turned gem in angling prose or verse
that catches the fancy and harmonizes so
well with one’s own thoughts and expecta-
tions. As a matter of fact there is nothi
so conclusively a lack-luster performance ¥
an article or story on fishing and fishin
methods, made out dry as dust and practica
to the core; without a relieving light of senti-
ment to awaken and kindle one’s finest
thought. A well-wrought phrase, a bit of
Nature’s glamour transferred to the printed
page, in black upon white is a treasure that
we always remember and again and again
call to mind in our fishing days along the
streams. Often in following the waters one’s
‘mind swarms with the brilliant words of the
past masters of the angling pen. Because
these have reflected the best there is in the
pastime, so now one calls them to mind and
gains irresistibly by it.

-Undoubtedly angling is the keynote to
earth’s best contentment. This I have firm-
ly come to think. If one is fitful, restless,
oppressed by a jumble of ill conceptions and
sorrows, to return to the streams is to return
to moderation, consolation and sane sanctity.
So in a golden day the hours slip by, while
the rapids flash and make temperate music
around one, and now and then in some quiet
retreat a trout is hooked and safely played
to net. Occasionally it is a large fish that

we net and the incident lives forever as a:

red-letter performance or the delicate films
of the memory. But usually one is content

with a little, being supremely pleased just -

to be out, close to the heart of things, re-
vitalizing the mind and accumulating wis-
dom and energy for days to come, out of

In old

Nature’s generous storehouse. wo!
of John Harrington Keene: hear Lik
“The whole arcana book of trout fishing
consists in rather the mental construction
of the angler than in the manner and method
of the process. The fish is a convenient
peg, so to say, on which to hang the dolce
Jar niente, and render the day’s sport in its
ursuit, halcyon and superlative. The sport
itself may be insufficient, but there is always
some recompense in the effort made and in
the close communion with dear Nature’s
self. Not always do large bags and great
results crown the angler’s desire. Too often
it is far otherwise, and yet the true angler
never feels like giving up fishing because of

poor sport.”

Is it not true in life that we must have
some central purpose upon which to rivet
our attention, around which to cluster our
adoration and our finer feelings. One must
have outlet for these feelings. Perhaps after
all angling is but another form of worship,
and that with a truly religious zeal, yet not
obscured by vain imaginings, we apply our-
selves to appreciate it in the fullness of its
perfection. Both in mentality and in actual
practice angling is the convenient peg upon
which we rest our subordinate thoughts.
In the winter at the fire’s side when the
winds are blowing cold and mournfully with-
out, within one traces over and over the ;
paths of summer. Angling lives as well
one day’as another in the mind of the trul ae
appreciative fisherman; and lives as well
in the midst of one season as in another.
With this gentle scheme of angling as one’s
central thought and purpose one will in win-
ter go over his tackle, look over his flies
anew and tie others after some system he
has formulated in the later days of his life.
The creation of a tastefully wrought fly
assumes immense proportions, and specula-
tions arise with it in due measure, as one
figures how well it will play to the current
and how well it will imitate some insect that
is native to the stream, the daily food, in
season, of the trout, therefore proving all
the more productive of a capture. Truly
the inspiration radiating outward from one’s
love of angling, and the clean sport it avails,
cannot but be reflected in one’s business
and one’s connections with his fellow-men.

How pleasantly therefore angling, and the
following of the clear streams, intervenes to
break the strain and monotony of exactin
toil, and most of all, of mental strain, whic
is, by far, the most severe of earthly labours.
As one writer has so well remarked} “when
fatigued and worn by the cares of a sedentary
profession, I have stolen away from the sultry
town to some clear pond or stream, when the
dandelion flecked the new made green and
the blossomed orchards were fair to see.
The sweet notes of the first birds of spring
have cheered me on the way, and my float
has bobbed upon the glassy pool ere yet the
blue smoke was curling from the cottage
tops. I have known the struggle with the
wary genii of the stream, and the sensations
which awoke my every nerve when the hook ~~
has pierced his gill. ‘The fears of losing him a
and the pore of safely landing him, a prey ~
to artful skill, the quietude of mind and

gk BA
-. Mi ra
r Y

:

a
i
2

k
=
i

.

I have experienced in a day so

rest of body
spent, have altogether made me equal to

Many an exigency of the daily task. That

is why I am an angler;” and Genio Scott says:
“Whether overladen with good fortune
or suffering under the~shocks of adversity,

forget not to take the magic wand and re-
pair to the murmuring waters; and, while

PICK-UPS AND REFLECTIONS

ED OTETING ING EDS

MR i ie.
poms

Lo ie
<item ele

sy cis ae
vy hae fe

Ls A Mi £ 4
: ay ar

V2 aaa
sou

accumulating yay energy, yo ri
will be charme ( L os
tempered by the melody of birds, the sights _
of Nature, and the sounds of inferior animals —

above, around, and beneath the enlivening of
waters. With rosy dreams and bright ~
streams, breezy morns and mellow skies, a
light heart and a clear conscience, may God
speed ye welll’ eS.

ROBERT PAGE LINCOLN

The Artificial Fly in The Water.

“‘w was asked by the author of “Dry Fly
I in Swift Water’ whether I imagined
I saw the natural insect as the trout sees
it? My response was, “Most certainly, when
looking at its under body.” The fine dis-
tinction of transparency is, in my opinion, too
far fetched; and so, too, is the question
whether trout see colours 2s we do or not. It
seems impossible to conceive that a trout will
use to consider if an insect is sweet or sour,
right or dull, large or small. Were I a trout

I would be quick to seize the fat, juicy bod
of the brown drake, in preference to the hard,
small body of the black ant. But, if no

drakes were rising, ants would suffice.”
Louis Rhead.

There is not much in the above assertion
that the average angler will not agree with, as
for instance what Rhead says about the looks
of an insect in the water, or as I hold it, a
submerged insert; though possibly Rhead is
referring to the floating fly, artificial, or live
fly riding the water. In the case of the wet
fly under water I doubt very much if the trout
can tell what sort of an insect it is, and I am
quite certain that its form (in the wet fly
type), cannot be made out, or distinguished
by the fish. In line with the above may
be added F. M. Halford’s observations which

- were quite extensive and are quoted herewith.

“The modern theory is that these patterns,

(the wet flies), are taken by the fish for the

nymphae or pupae—these being the scientific
names of the immature insects at the stage
immediately preceding the winged form.
Candidly however the presence of the wings
in the sunk fly pattern has puzzled me, he-
cause in my experience I have never seen the
winged insects submerged by the action of the
stream. Sedges do at times descend to
Oviposit and so do certain spinners, but. the
appearance under these conditions, with an air
bubble between their wings, resembles nothing
so much as a globe of mercury—an appearance
which bears no resemblance to the ordinary
sunk fly patterns.” Yet Mr. Rhead holds
that the trout can see an insect when looking
up at it through the water equally as well as
we can, looking at it in the air above us. This
is a safe assertion to make since there has been
no direct thle pia along these lines and
when Mr. Rhead says the above he can feel
perfectly safe. But it will be noted that only
tn looking up under he insect can this be held

true, that the trout can make out the insect
as well as we can. Looking at it from the side
then (in the wet fly form) it may present a
likeness to the ball of mercury Halford refers

to.

Mr. Rhead remarks that trout cannot dis-
tinguish between colours. He also holds that
a trout would not stop to make out if the fly
is bright or dull, or large or small. This is in
direct opposition of Mr. Rhead’s own findings,
for he has ably directed the angler to make his
flies as much like the living insect as possible
—in a word—an exact imitation. If ‘
Rhead is counselling absolute imitation is it not
then necessary to respect the matter of
coloration in an insect? Also he holds that
the belief in transparency of the insect’s body,
as is noted in any number of insects the trout
feed upon (the May-fly in particular)
is far fetched and he appears to hold that this.
is not necessary in the artificial imitation.
But is it not necessary, if we are going to have
the absolute imitations that Mr. Rhead
suggests—flies fashioned as much like the
living, transparent-bodied insect, in every
detail, as human craft and art can make them.

Again Mr. Rhead says: “It seems im-
possible to conceive that a trout will pause
to consider if an insect is............ bright or dull,
large or small.”

If this be true then what is the need of
making an absolutely exact imitation if they
do not distinguish between light and dark?
In line with the above Mr. Rhead counsels
direct imitation, yet is unmindful whether
the coloration is carefully followed. Accord-
ing to this then he is taking a very, ey far
step away from the exact imitation. Again
he holds that a trout will take an insect no
matter whether it is large or small. It needs
not. a very large stretch of the imagination
to believe then that it would as well take a
doubly large and exaggerated artificial imi-
tation of ‘an insect as an imitation that is
exactly the size of the insect. Thus, a
parently, he would hold that a trout would
as soon take a bass fly as a midge. All of
which we do not understand. Mr. Rhead
would hold that ‘a trout will not stop to
consider’ but will rise and take one with the
same avidity as another, size regardless.

In this manner he explains:

“If the angler will carefully study a pa
or two of coloured commercial flies, he will
observe a continued weariness of the same

cocked wings spread outward, the same
shaped body, all of the same size; the only
difference being in the colour of wings, eae
and hackle. Let them be compared wit

any one of the monthly plates in my volume
(American Trout-Stream Insects)—no matter
if it be the natural insect or the imitation
flies. See how varied Nature is, not only in
the classes, but in the remarkable variety of
different members in each class. Aside from
colour, if you take the family of drakes, for
example, every part of the body, head, tail,
wings, and feet of each insect is distinctly
different from the other in form and _ size.
Nature never repeats itself. When properly
classified there is a gradual development of
form and colour; gradual, it is trie, but very
decided in its infinite variety ‘of beauty.
When wading a trout stream you will observe
that Nature is always varied: large flies and
small flies; when they alight their wings are
cocked, or sloping over the body, or ,they
may lie flat on the top. You may depend
upon it that trout observe them, and know
it just as we do; for all through their life they
are on the watch for food.”

If the latter paragraph answers me and
corrects me then I am still in the dark, and I
leave it to the gentle readers. Mr. Rhead
counsels that one follow exact imitation. To
do so, I hold, one must imitate one certain
form, shape and colour of insect. Yet here
he holds that there are so many sizes and sorts
that it makes no difference whether your
imitation be small or big; dark or light, just
so that it is something like an insect found
on the trout waters.

Mr. Rhead is obscure. I cannot under-
stand the scheme of exact imitation as he does.
Will Doctor Harry Gove please come forth
with his findings.

Always Kill a Fish Upon Capture.

“Next comes the sport (if the fish be a large
one), of leading him tenderly through all the
intricate windings and avenues of his ex-
piring agony, until you have landed him
drowned safely in your creel. I cannot swear
that the trout feels precisely the same de-
lights in the same degree that you—I mean
that anglers—do, but he has doubtless some
feeling in the matter. If it is not pain he feels
he certainly shows every symptom of aston-
ishment, to say the least. When he invariably
gives a dying struggle or two in the basket at
your side by way of admonition—you can
hardly determine whether it is a twinge of
conscience or another bite at the end of your
line. If undubitably the latter, conscience is
instantly unheeded, and you address all your
faculties to the task of filling your creel and
killing the biggest fish.’—Charles Hallock.

It seems almost sacriligeous to correct the
venerable Dean of American Sportsmen,
Charles Hallock (still living at 83 years at
Washington, D.C.) and one of the best angling
writers still living; one of the Old Guard to
which belonged Thad. Norris, John Keene,
Seth Green, Fred. Mather, William Harris,
etal. But somehow I do not teel that I should
let this go by without a gentle correction.
Mr. Hallock speaks of the ayingsuueere of the
trout in the creel. It has, however, always
been a rule in trout fishing or any sort ot

the animal is soon attacked by parasites,

fishing to kill the fish upon capture. This |
bie easily done (as it is universally done) =
by bending back the head deftly, thus break- =
ing the spine. Thus there should be no dyit
struggles. Fish out of the water do not diea
natural death. They slowly suffocate and
are killed by parasites. Why should we not
kill fish upon capture? We do not put a
wounded squirrel in our coat pocket to slowly
die; nor a wounded quail; nor a partridge. J
Then why should we not kill a fish, any fish, i
upon capture. I am upheld in this by Charles
Bradford who comments as follows: ‘

“Fishes permitted to die instead of being oy
killed outright, as soon as caught, are poison- ri
ous as food; so, even the person who has no
consideration for the suffering of the captured
fishes that are allowed to slowly suffocate z
should dispatch them as soon as boated or +
landed, from the health standpoint if for
nothing else.”

ene W. H. Ballou, a well-known authority,
adds:

“Do you eat fishes that have died? Do you
cast them in a box or on the bottom of the
boat or on the wharf or on the ground and let
them die before eating them? Do you bu
market fish that were taken in nets and left
to die in vessel holds and on decks? Would
be want six dead oysters on the shell placed

efore you at table? If so, then you might as
well eat a cow, a bullock, a sheep, a hog or a
fowl that has died. Do you know that when
you cast a fish down, without first killing it,

which soon cause its death, because you have
left it out of its native element, where its
healthy phagocytes cannot resist the en-
croachment of nearly instantaneously death-
dealing parasites, dormant in their system. “Ve
When you catch a fish, immediately thrusta —
knife in its throat and kill it instantly. By
relieving the animal of its pain out of water ¥
you save your own possible health, you guard
your own stomach from certain forms of
poisoning. Remember that a fish dies out of
water, if left unbutchered, precisely as you die
in water from drowning, from an immediate
attack of bacteria, which your phagocytes
cannot resist. That is what drowning 1s for
you in water and for the fish out of it.’ Fa

Mr. Hallock speaks of the “expiring agony
of the fish. This need never be if the head
of the fish were at once broken. I have seen :
thousands of photos in magazines of captured al
trout, taken mostly by average anglers, many_ ead
of whom do not follow the literature extant,
and therefore cannot have received instruc-
tions to always kill the fish upon capture, yet
in every instance the trout are humanely e
shown, with their heads bent back, killed upon
capture. It is nothing new. The rule 1s 4
universal.

Always kill a fish upon capture, by any one
of a number of methods, if not by breaking the
neck, then by putting through the knife as :
suggested in the above re-print. ‘

Be Content With a Little. pa

A friend of mine has written that he was
out on a northern lake and observed the open- Net;
ing of the bass season. A few casts in the
right place brought him a fine four pound bass;
and he added: “I could have caught a thous-

+

+s

er, ie thas i a
had I kept right on, but I had
enough for my own practical use and I quit.”
_ Now this man was a sportsman through and
through. Your woodsinan is always the true
sportsman. They appreciate the wonderful
works of Nature. They see Nature’s uses and
the abuses that are worked upon her by Man,
generally’ known as the Arcn-Destroyer. No
person is more of a prince among men than
your guide, your woodsman. He is a true
nobleman of the wild. He knows moderation.
He is serious; level-headed; thoughtful; con-
siderate. He is not the odious, blustering,
so-called sportsman who cannot feel at peace
and at home unless he is photographed stand-
ing among a forest of hung-up deer, or the
fisherman who cannot be satisfied until he has
hung up ten times more fish than he can make
use of and hes had his picture taken in among
them with a superior grin of triumph over-
spreading his countenance—such a grin as
would say: ‘‘This is what I caught all by my-
self. I am a wonderful fisherman. There
are none equal to me. I lead above all. You
can’t tell me anything about fishing, because
I know it all. I am a great fisherman. I
know where I can pull out two hundred more
like this. Now, then, you poor fishermen who
cannot get away to the waters and enjoy
taking a few fish take a good long, lasting look
at what I caught and then wither away with
envy!’
- Here are two practical excerpts from the
‘pen of Charles Bradford:

“Tt is sad to see a man wth his creel full
of trout each not over the size of a lady’s
penknife. This character has a phetograph
made of himself with the fingerlings held in
front of him so as to make them appear of
legal size; this he sends to friends in the city

er a” See
P| 2 tu ¢ Tc mere
Ti per

hundred speckled beauties in one day,” and

also adds—‘‘Don’t give your neighbors part

of your catch. They won’t appreciate it.
_ They'll throw them away in most cases. -If
they cook and eat them they suffer the belief
that they are doing you a favor. Most re-
cipients of fishes think the specimens too
small, or that they have too many bones, or
that they are too thin, to tough, too hard to
scale, etc. They’d rather have a -bought-and-
paid-for cold storage cod of ten pounds than a
freshly caught brook trout presented by an
Angler friend.”

The latter assertion is both true and untrue.
I have known any number of friends however
who have proven entirely courteous upon
receipt of a portion of a catch; and thankful
always. But there are exceptions. . Pro-
bably Bradford, who is sometimes a little bit
too cynical, referred to the people who are
the exception.

But shifting attention to the fisherman, let
me say there is a breed of scoundrel who goes
out and brings home about two or three
hundred small and big sunfishes. These he
will peddle around among neighbors, keeping
only a few himself, for generally one of this
odious breed has no taste for fish. He merely
goes out to bring home fish for his neighbors,
____and in exchange he expects prolonged words
+‘ of praise and he always hopes to hear his
-- +~name mentioned among the great fishermen

of the block, or of the world, and the age.

iy.

with glowing accounts of his catch of “a

Then he feels that he can sit back comp
antly ‘being truly an immortal fish hauler
If you should speak of an angler’s methods
of fishing in his presence he will laugh and

say: “how many fish do you catch usin, ae ,
e ‘

methods? That's

the question.’ An
neighbors who get free fish all

will side with —

him for there is more fish in the future for aN
a

them if they so side.

Foreigners I will admit are leaders in this —

They seem to have no sense 0

respect. a ‘
The Game Commission Reports list-

limit.

ing the names of fined offenders are always —

sure to be made up of at least two-thirds foreign-
ers.
Does this mean anything?

On Holding Hard. :

“Inexperienced anglers should learn and
remember that in the rough water under all
dams and natural waterfalls there is always a _
backset and undertow, which operates greats
to the angler’s advantage. It is to his in-
terest to keep the fish within the swirling
water, and not let him run out into the un-
interrupted, swift current below. In the
latter case, unless he gives line freely, he must
break tackle or lose fish; for the direct result
of holding hard then is to bring the fish to the
surface of the water, where the great force of
the current would of itself-tear the hook out
unless it was so securely fixed, and the fish
so heavy, as to cause some part of ‘the tackle
to give way. While holding a fish hard in the
swirl the great point is to so counteract the
leaps which he will be sure to make that he
will not be able to throw himself off the hook.
The strain of the tense arch of the rod is
something immense. Instinct seems to teach
the fish to take advantage thereof by leaping
clear of the water, so that, by momentarily
relieving the strain, he may free himself of the
hook. In this little game he will generally
succeed, if insecurely fastened, unless the
angler instantly responds by lowering the end
of the rod to a plane parallel with the level
of the water. He must repeat this with each
upward leap of the fish, often two or three
times in a minute. This is what gives ex-
citement to the sport far beyond that ex-
perienced in sluggish or still water. It is a
battle of muscle as well as of tact and strate-
gem; and when you finally bring your fish
captive to your hand, you not only experience
a natural thrill of joy at your success, but you
entertain such a respect for your fish as will
magnify your own self-importance many fold.
In fishing short salmon pools in heavy water
there is no other resource but to hold hard and
kill quick. The salmon must be worked
toward the head of the pool, (they almost in-
variably take the fly at the foot), and brought
to gaff at the earliest possible moment; for if
they are once allowed to run out of the pool
into the dashing raceway below, one might as
well try to hold a locomotive with a_clothes-
line. In following this aé@vice to hold hard
there is always danger that the pupil will fail
to temper his strength by that delicacy ot
manipulation which can only be acquired by
frequent tests through long experience.
familiar illustration of this is the tendency
to jerk a fish bodily out-of the water as soon as
he is on the hook. What is meant to be sport

Bh
ay

BANC

a

7

880

then becomes nothing more than a combined
mental and physical spasm. Old _ anglers
learn to weigh mechanical forces with a keen
perceptive sense, which enables them to de-
termine when their rods are overtaxed, just as
they can tell, by an intimation of the spine,
that they are lifting too much.”

Waders, and Other Notes.

“I never wear rubber boots to wade in.
An old pair of heavy-soled shoes with spikes
in their bottoms, and small slits cut in the
sides to let the water in and out, and a pair of
heavy woollen socks comprise my wading foot-
wear. The slits must not be large enough to
let in coarse sand and pebbles, butelI find it
absolutely necessary to have a slight opening,
for if there is no means for the water to run
freely in and out, the shoes fill from the tops
and become heavy. Rubber boots are too
hot for my feet and legs, while the water is
never too cold. I have often had wet feet
all day, and have never yet experienced any
ill effects from it. I never use a staff in
wading, but I should, for in some places it is
very hard to wade. I have often fallen down
in water up to my waist, over-balanced by the
heavy current, where the bottoms were rough,
with sharp, slimy stones. If you carry a
staff, follow the custom of the old Anglers and
tie it to your body with a string to keep it out
of the way and allow your hands to be as free
as possible for a strike. Your landing-net
should be a small one, minus any metal, with a
foot and a half handle, anda string tied to a
front button on your garment should allow it to
be slung over your shoulder, onto your back
when not in use. I always carry two fly-
books with me; one big fellow with the general
fly-stock in it, which is kept at the farmhouse,
and a little one holding two dozen flies and a
dozen leaders, which I carry on the stream.
A string tied to this, too, will prevent the
unpleasantness of having it fall in the water
and glide away from you. I even tie a string
to my pipe and knife. The outing hat is an
important thing to me. Mine is always a soft
brown or gray felt, and I use it to sit on in
damp and hard places fifty times a day.”—
Charles Bradford.

Mr. Bradford’s system of wearing shoes
with spikes or hobs in them while wading is
indeed a good one though I have never tried
it out. For one thing a person, following this
system is always wet from his feet up to his
hips—not disagreeable perhaps but certainly
it would seem not comfortable. As long as
light waders (not pants waders) or light-
weight rubber boots are procurable the above
seems hardly appreciable, though of course
where one is packing it along a stream, and
where all extra weight means so much more
heft to the pack one can follow this system.
Hob nails on the boot bottoms are practically
a demand but if the fisherman pushes along
easily on the bottom, even on the rockiest of
basins he will not necessarily suffer a fall.
Heavy rubber boots for wading are wearisome
and they do not give the satisfaction they
should. But light-weight wading boots are
to be had and they are certainly very good. I
have little use for the waders (the pants form);
though there are those who would use no
others. Should one fall into a deep place,

ROD AND GUNINCANADA |

4 we + oe <¢é he ~: ol,
Maha ky ek

i Mis
and should these fill one stands an excellent
chance of drowning. \ 3.

The use of a staff when wading has never
crossed my mind, nor have I ever seen it in —
use. It would seem to me an absolute in-
convenience, and as for tying it to the bod
this does not appear to have much virtue. If
the angler wades carefully along, pushin
forward, feeling his way so to speak, he wi
have no trouble in stemming the wildest of
streams. Bradford prefers a net minus all
metal. According to this he would seem to
prefer a cane or wooden-rimmed net. As a
matter of fact there is nothing so convenient
as the so-called collapsible nets; a type I use
is used everywhere, namely: the I. D. L. It
cost me close on two dollars but I feel it is
worth it. This has a metal frame that may
be closed down straight. The handle can be
unscrewed, and screwed on in a moment. It
has an elastic loop attached to the handle
which hangs over one’s shoulder. When a
fish is hooked you may stretch this elastic
as far as you please, and easily net your fish.
Bradlord’s method of a string tied to the coat
does not seem one third as efficient as this, and
I cannot possibly see anything against the
light metal used in this net.

One Mode of Capture. |

“As a rule the trout (rainbow trout in Kern
River, California), rise readily to the fly,
though, like all members of the finny tribe,
they nave their off days. These off days seem
to depend, not so much on the weather, which,
during the summer, varies little from day to
day! as upon. the hatching of certain larvae.
This theory is not believed by some people,
but it seems more than probable to me. Ona
certain day, I, as well as others who were fish-
ing, found that scarcely a fish could be in-
duced to rise, and the few that did were all
small ones. In vain we tried different sizes
and patterns of flies, grasshoppers were used;
but without success. At last I took a very
small bare hook and baited it with a clump
of the stick-like larvae (case) of the caddis-
fly, which were just about to hatch. This
proved most alluring, and within an hour I
had landed a number of trout, some o1 which
were fine big iellows. Some days later I tried
the same experiment with equal success when
flies were disdained. I do not wish it to be
understood that I regard this as a very sports-
manlike way of fishing, but as an experiemnt
it was interesting.”—A Radclyffe Dugmore.

Which recalls the experiment of another
gentleman who had been fishing along a stream
and had tried not only all kinds of patterns of
flies, but live bait without success, and pro-
ceeding up the stream was about to quit for
the day in disgust when a herd of cows were
driven across the stream. This roiled the
water and it came down muddy. Believin.
some disturbance on and that possible fo
was being washed down the trout instantly
came alive, and in their eagerness rose here
and there. Acting upon this visible sugges-
tion the angler dropped a worm in the water, .

allowing the curent to wash it down. The

result was an instant capture; and as long
as the roiled water came down the trout were
caught. On another day, desiring to con-

_ has not only pe

‘

- friend to roil the water above the point where

he was fishing with the same results before
noted. Once too an angler had occasion to
climb into a tree above a trout pool, from
whicl» point of vantage he could view what
was going on below, since the fish would rise
to no pattern of fly and could not be enticed
from their retreats. Having occasion to move
the branches he dislodged some insects, which,
falling to the brim were instantly caught up by
the trout who now came alive. Matching
an artificial fly as exactly as possible with}
those noted on the tree he dropped his’
imitation on the brim and worked it around.
Result: an instant capture and others, too,
though the strain on the tackle was great at
that height. |

The wiliness of the trout is only too well
known. The day, the hour, climatic condi-
tions, stage of the water and season of the
year have a great deal to do with your success
with the rod and the fly. Add to this the
need of caution in pursuing your fishing, and
a knowledge of the right sort of flies and how
those flies should best be played to the current

_ and something of the difficulty or trouting is

seen. The old masters of the angling art can
always be relied upon to use the most and
best wisdom in their angling.. Deliberation,
ease, coolness, unhaste, patience are always
the main qualities of the angler who has long
-been at it.. Through long and gradual ex-
perience one soon gets to know where, how
and when, and what trout take the best. As
in the words of Hallock:

“Tt is pretty hard to tell a novice where to
find trout. An expert angler will lose no time
in testing doubtful or impractical places, but
seems to know the correct spots by an in-
tuitive perception. In May or June, if he
discovers a clump of overhanging bushes such
as certain ephemera would use to deposit their
eggs on, he will be apt to cast his line there,

_ oo

_The sea mussel is strongly recommended as
diet by the American Secretary of Commerce
Mr. Redfield, who speaks with authority
about this bivalve. The mussel has been re-
commended by Government experts for its
taste and its nutritiveness, and Mr. Redfield
nally found it excellent food
but has endeavored to introduce it into the
Boston markets.

The Secretary points to the example of
France, which annually consumes 400,000,000
pounds of sea mussel, and cannot see why if
the French make such good use of it the
Americans do not also. These things Mr.
Redfield speaks about in a letter to the
Philadelphia Public Ledger.

It is strange how sometimes even entire
nations will overlook a fruit, a vegetable or
some form of sea life that makes excellent
food. ‘Fhe mussel is an excellent illustration

of this, unless the laboratory experts at

Washington are ali wrong, and Mr. Redfiela

_ declares they have not spoken too highly

_ about it.

sae BAC! Sot No Uae hat WT ee a at
SHINGNOTES

knowing that the pupa cases are ripe al

liberating the flies, and that there the trou
will congregate to feed.
trickling down the

he will put in his hook there, because & good
supply of larvae and vegetable food will float
in with the debris. Thus he puts

practical uses. Indeed, without such know-
ledge, no one can be a first-class angler. Ang-
ling books and tackle dealers are*apt to lay
great stress upon the importance of selecting
particular flies for the different months or for
the different parts of the day and the varying
mocds of the weather. A very thin stratum
of logic underlies this theory, based simply
upon the fact that certain species of flies hatch
out at different times; to which may be added
the reasonable and evident truth that bright
flies are best on dark days and neutral tints in
sunlight. As arule, trout will take almost any
kind of artificial fly except when some certain

variety of natural fly is prevalent, and then

they will take only a correct imitation. My
own stock of flies is always large, but is seldom
drawn on, except for a few certain sizes adapt-
ed to the season and weather. I don’t go so
much into the nice perception of varieties as

books would have us infer that expert anglers —

and wise trout do.”

¥ The Past Masters.

To acknowledge the works of the past
masters of the angling guild is a course of
wisdom. What they have set down is the
result of a lifetime of study, of accuracy, and
observation that can always be relied upon
and generally accepted as accurate on its face
value. To disregard their presence as so
many do is to theorize, and speculate, and
try to invent processes that have always al-
ready been foreseen, set down in black and
white—truths not in the making—buf made.

This mollusk is fit for food all the year
round, which the oyster is not, yet the latter
is in steady demand while nobody pays much
attention to its kin, the mussel. The Chef’s
Club of Boston was induced to experiment
with the mugeel, which is abundant along the
seashore. They prepared a number of re-
cipes about the bivalves which the Govern-
ment put into book form and distributes free.

And yet the demand for the mussel lan-
guishes even in Boston, where the Depart-
ment of Commerce made serious attempts
to educate the public to this animal. The

slow awakening of the public has almost .

convinced the Secretary of Commerce that
the people like more to talk about the high
cost of living than reducing it, which is not
altogether a misleading statement.

Some day, perhaps, the American people
will wake up to the good there is in the large
mussel family and take to eating this sea food
as nature intended should be done. In the
meantime a national asset is going to waste—
and the cost oi living is moufiting.

a

If he detects a stream
bank, carrying the land-
wash from the muck and rotten leaves above,

dud Be) }

some ‘
trifling knowledge of natural history to good |

OUR PASSING GAME BIRDS

REGINALD GOURLAY

and Gun I briefly enumerated the game

birds that there was no help for. In the
present article I do not propose to deal with
the fur bearing animals, the Canadian panther
(cougar), the lynx (two species) and the
wild cat (a different species from the cougar),
but will confine myself to a discussion of the
possibility of saving certain valuable species
of wild game birds, migratory and resident
which can, if proper measures be taken, be

saved.
The Wood-duck.

The most difficult to preserve is #hat
beautiful bird, the wood-duck, once so com-
mon in Ontario and all over the Northern
States of America.

The one chance for the wood-duck lies in
the fact that like the Mallard (grey duck)
and Black Duck (Black Mallard) he can
be easily domesticated. By this I mean
that if he is let alone by the farmer’s boy
and the pot-hunter he can be reared on any
farm—in sight of the farm-house for obvious
reasons—as easily as the Mallard or Black
Duck. This has been proved and the rea-
sons therefor given in Rod and Gun. The
great and, I may say unexpected, success
that has attended the preservation of wild
duck, geese and even the almost extinct
Hooper Swan in the great Louisiana and
other Southern preserves, warrants us in
saying this. The Trumpeter Swan.as I
said in my last article, may be saved, but

I doubt it.
The Woodcock.

The woodcock, the most fascinating of all
game birds to the sportsman, is in great
danger. His numbers are diminishing all
over the North American continent for two
reasons, namely because his range is limited
and all the crackshots are after him, with
every advantage of well trained dogs, and
good guns with good shots behind them.

Still, a close season of, say, five years,
from Texas to Canada inside 50 degrees
north, would certainly prolong his existence
all over Eastern and Middle North America.
Strange to say, except in rare cases, as in
the State of Arkansas, the woodcock is never
found west of the Mississippi River. If
Texas, and Canada, by which latter I mean
southern Ontario, Southern Quebec, New
Brunswick and Nova Scotia, would do their

i my last article in the June issue of Rod

——p

duty his existence would be prolonged for
a generation of sportsmen, at least. It is
no use asking New York State to give the
woodcock five years’ rest. She’s welcome
to the stray birds her sportsmen can get,
for like angels’ visits they are few and far
between.
with woodcock.
Rujfed Grouse.

That magnificent game bird, the Ruffed
Grouse or Partridge, whose range extends
from Mexico to the Barren Lands and from
the Atlantic to the Pacific, pees speaking,
is a bird that responds most quickly to any
protection.

He cannot be domesticated to any
extent like the English and Mongolian B eas-

ritish

_ant in the Niagara Peninsula and in

Columbia, but a short close season of, say,
two or three years, will increase this hardy
bird’s numbers wonderfully, even in closely

settled States or in our Canadian Provinces.

>
,
———
(Oo)
yf j

New York State was once alive |

eat

7

A %
reap
4

Of course the small boy egg collector, the

crow, and the hired man on the farm who
knows exactly where the young birds roost
and who pots them at sunset when the long
day’s work is done, are his chief enemies,
especially as they all, attack the birds out
of season. All the hawks and owls in North

America are not in the same street with the

devastation caused by this destructive trinity.

Strict enforcement of the game laws and
a game warden (exchanged every three years)
would in this, as well as in many other cases,
be very effective.

“Bob White.”

The Quail or Quail Partridge is represented
in Canada by only one species, “Bob White”
who will probably respond to the care our
Government is taking of him and afford sport
to other generations of sportsmen.

Of the seven species of Quail in the Southern
and South Western States I will not write in
this article except to say that the United
States of America are setting us in Canada—
albeit in some instances they are (‘‘shutting
the stable door after the horse is stolen”)
a mighty good example, both as to the pre-
servation of game-.and the enforcement of
game laws.

splendid wild turkey and the unconquerable
““Wilson’s Snipe” for a future paper.

+

I shall reserve some remarks regarding the

ne

» ere

sidering the question of game repro-
duction through the establishment of game

' refuges, or game sanctuaries, upon a number

of the National Forests, they must clearly
realize that others also are interested in the
use of these forest areas, and they desire to
proceed along lines which will be at once just
and equitable to all concerned.

It is well known that many of the areas once
occupied by various game animals and birds
are now more or less used by the flocks and
herds of settlers. At the same time, there are
many forest areas which cannot be used to
advantage for domestic stocks, or which
from their very nature will support a number
of wild game in addition to domestic stock
without injury to either.

It will be the policy in establishing such
refuges, or sanctuaries, to locate them, as far
as possible, upon areas which are so rough
or inaccessible as to prevent their use by
domestic stocks, and betore one is ectahlishied.
this side of the question must be carefully
looked into. These areas, however, will be
comparatively few, and the restrictions upon
grazing which may be necessary will not be a

urden on the nearby farmers or settlers.

Many sportsmen to-day feel certain that
every farmer, stockman and settler is in-
‘terested in the preservation of game birds
-and animals in his vicinity, and the only
practical’ method of preservation seems to be
through the establishment of sanctuaries in
which they may breed and multiply, and
eventually spread out over the surrounding
country. There they may be hunted during

AME SANC Yo
POLICY: ” k 5: s

Ei; R: KERR

a HEN the sportsmen of Ontario are the open season, and in accordance with the Be
5S W sufficiently organized and are con-

-laws of the various provinces in which
are located, thus furnishing to the local
settlers a fairly stable suppl
It is, of course, unreasonable to expect that
such game as deer, moose and caribou can

scenery. They must have forage upon which
to exist, the same as all other animals of their
class. At the same time it is well understood
that such animals as these can and do subsist
upon many species of plants and grasses which
are not palatable to domestic animals, and
also that they will penetrate into regions so
rough and so distant from water that domestic
stock will not use them.

Many differences of opinion exist, anionn

sportsmen as to open seasons and many go
sportsmen who are anxious to assist the
future must not be deprived of a fair share of
sport with their favorite gun particularly
where there is a sufficient number of game
birds of a species to permit of a continuance
of the sport. But where a species of migratory
bird, such as our Woodduck and the most
beautiful of them all is about extinct, every
sportsman who is in possession of a heart
should well consider his demands at a time
when that bird requires the prohibition of the
shooting of it altogether.

There is no doubt in my mind but that the
sanctuary plan of game reproduction will go
forward just the same through the backing of
the people of this country as a whole, but it
seems to me, it would be much more appro-
priate to see a successful conclusion of the
plan through the “backing of the sportsmen.”

HOW TO BUILD A CAMP FIRE

ITH the camping season due there come

W the usual questions on how to build

camp fires. There are several varieties,
most of them simple and effective and easily

_ constructed even by a novice in camping.

There must be considered not only the kind
of camp fire which gives the best service but
the kind which is least dangerous. The man
who is careless with his camp fire should not

i _ be allowed in the woods for all too frequently

he is responsible for forest fires which do
tremendous damage. The Forest Service

__ has issued a hand book for campers in which

the following excellent instruction regarding

camp fires is given.

p stoves should be taken whenever
they can be transported. They are safer
than open fires, more convenient, require less

a3 uel, and do not blacken the cooking utensils.

Collapsible sheet-iron stoves may be obtained.

In the absence of a stove an open fire must
be built. A safe and serviceable fireplace
can be made of rocks placed in a small eircle
so as to support the utensils. Where rocks
are not obtainable, poles may be used.

For permanent camps it pays to build a
stone fireplace. A piece of sheet iron will
prevent the blackening of the pans and makes
a better draft.

For temporary camps the fire should be
built as follows:

Dig a hole about a foot deep and about
three or four teet in diameter. Shovel away
the side toward the wind. Lay green poles
across the hole to support the pots and pans,
and build the fire underneath.

Fire irons are often a great convenience.
A piece of three-eighths-inch round iron four

of winter meat.

subsist upon barren rocks and mountain
e

they ty is

a

884

feet long is bent at right angles a foot from
eich end and the ends are sharpened. Two
of these irons are placed side by side, the
ends are driven into the ground and the
lire kindled beneath them. Instead of being
made in one piece, the pegs and cross-bars
may be connected oy rings in the ends.
They will then fold and be easier to pack.

Camp fires should never be larger than
necessary, and the utmost care should be
taken to prevent sparks from being carried
into the neighboring forest. Clear away the
litter for a considerable space about the fire.
And be sure to put the fire out before you leave
it.

A shovel is nearly as important a tool as
an ax in camping. Do not count on finding
one along the way, but put one in your outtit.

During wet weather look for kindling in
burned sugar pine or yellow-pine butts or in
pine knots. The under side-of a leaning tree
will usually contain dry material. Dead
branches—ot manzanita, etc.—that have not
pet fallen are drier than those on the ground.

ark from fir snags is excellent 1uel.

Where matches are scarce or when the
weather is stormy, first light a candle and
kindle your fire from that.

Hints on fire protection are always timely
and fit particularly well with these instruc-
tions about camp fires.

The first thing is prevention. Bear in
mind the Six Rules. Be particularly care-
ful with camp fire, matches, and tobacco,
since carelessness with these is punishable
by law.

Scrape all inflammable materials from
around the fire before lighting it. Make a
fireplace either by digging a hole or by piling
_ up rocks. The fire will then not only be
safer but will draw better.

_ Before leaving camp see that the last spark
is extinguished. Pour water on the embers
and then cover them with earth.

ROD AND GUN IN CAN

8 FE ag

Don’t make your fire too lars eC. :
fires are not as convenient to cook by as s
ones and are more trouble to put out.

If you discover a fire, go to it at once and
put it out if you can. A small fire can be
put out easily by throwing handfuls of earth,
sand, or dust at the base of the flame. The
flames may also be beaten down with sacks
or with branches, but care must be taken
not to scatter the fire.

If the fire is spreading too rapidly to be
attacked directly, cut and scrape a_ trail
some distance ahead of it.
fire; this is work for an experienced man.
If a fire is serious enough to require this
treatment, the work should be left to a ranger.

The best tools for fire fighting are the
shovel, ax, and hoe or rake. In open pine
forest, very little ax work will be required.
Shovel or -rake a trail through the needles
down to mineral soil, and guard the trail.

To stop a fire burning in brush the trail
must first be cut with the ax and then scraped.
The brush should be thrown to the side away
from the fire. The litter may be scraped
toward the fire. ‘

Pick a route for the fire trail that will
avoid brush patches if possible. The crest
of a ridge is an excellent location, since the
fire naturally checks at the top. :

Do not give up because the fire is gaining
headway or because you lack tools.
fire has already been reported by lookouts,
and ‘rangers are hurrying to it prone.
equipped. Stay and help them; and in the
peep ying do what you can to keep it in
check.

See that a fire is cold before you leave it.

Report all fires to the nearest forest officer.

Do not suppose that because a fire is merely
burning in apparently worthless brush is it
therefore doing no damage. Such firesare
often the most serious. «

A TRAPPER’S VIEW ON FOREST AND
GAME PROTECTION

am sending you herewith A ‘Trapper’s

I View on Forest and Game Protection.
About six years ago the Government

took all permits from tie makers ana had a lot
of limits surveyed out so that all ties would
be made in a saw mill. This was done to
save the timber and not to leave such a fire
trap as the broad axe man-used to leave.
Now, when a man makes a tie in the woods
he will get one tie out of a tree, that is ten
' inches on the stump and nine inches eight
feet up. He scores it and then he hews it
and this makes all kinds of nice dry chips
while the broad axe makes the shavings.
Then thirty-two feet up the tree it will scale
on an average six inches. The brush that
is left rots or goes to feed a bush fire some
day. The man that makes ties in the mill
leaves no fine chips or shavings and that
thirty-two feet of timber is made into timber.
It is strange, however, that the Government

allows men that have saw-mills on a limit
to make hewed ties. These men say they
can make hewed ties if they are paid a few
cents more stumpage so as long as a company
pays a few more cents stumpage they can
waste all the timber in the Province an
make of the Province a fire trap. The last
disastrous bush fire should set people think-
ing.
of the loss of life of men, women and little
children. Many who escaped with thei
lives were seriously burned.
there was a great loss also among the fur-
bearers and game.

This Province is getting too thickly settled
for us to take sucn great risks. ter they
had had a few serious fires in Minnesota and
Michigan the State stopped those tie makers

and lumbermen from leaving such fire-traps —

as I have described. Why cannot Ontario

do the same before another disaster over~ —
ean

Do not back- —

Besides. this

The »s

It is a serious matter when one thinks _

or ae

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The ‘‘STARR” International Figure Skate
is specially designed for the purpose and is
made for both ladies and gentlemen.

Some may say “‘it looks funny”— Yes, but
it’s made to do funny things—bobs, twists,
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The radius is scientifically correct. The
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886

takes us? In Minnesota the logging com-
panies have to pile all the brush and burn
it in the winter and they are obliged to take
any top of a tree that scales six inches and
eight feet long. There is no waste there and
no danger of fire. They have learned by
experience and we should also. If we are
to have a little protection for ourselves as
well as for the game let the Government pro-
hibit the making of hewed ties.

Of course the wolves do not help the game
any but I cannot see that the Government
cares whether they are killed off or not. To
be sure there is a bounty offered but it ism
experience that if one kills a dandy, well
furced animal they get the bounty but if
a skinny poor furred one there is nothing
doing. Those skinny, poor furred wolves

- are quite as hard on game as the well furred
ones. The brush wolf kills as much as a
imber wolf. I think if there was a standard
ounty, say, $5.00, it would be worth while
trapping them. A man could make a living
at it then.

Our protective laws do not look right to
me. For instance they protect the otter
and the muskrat. Now, an otter will kill

CORRECTING A WRONG IMPRESSION

Robson Black, Secretary of the Canadian
Forestry Association, writes as follows to
Rod and Gun:—

“In the November issue of ‘Rod and Gun,
page 700, was quoted a letter from the St.
John Telegraph relating to the Canadian
Forestry Association.

“Evidently the writer was out to cast dis-
credit on the propaganda of the Association,
for he took exception to certain statements
we had made regarding the backwardness of
the Ontario Forest Protection system. In
some of our literature, we urged upon Ontario
the adoption of a ‘burning permit’ plan for
settlers’ clearing fires, and referred to the
action of Quebec, British Columbia and New
Brunswick in adopting the ‘permit’ idea and
applying it over whole or part of the forest
area. Your very vigorous correspondent
jumped to the conclusion that we were up-

The lady of the Humane Club

Screamed: “Bad boys, don’t you know,
At little birds rocks and stubs

It is very wrong to throw?

If little birds you cruelly kill,
Their mother will nearly die;

Her happy heart with grief wi
And she will sigh and mourn and cry.”

Then a sassy boy spoke up and said:
*‘No danger, lady of that.

The mother bird is already dead;
You’ve got her on your hat.”

m

Kain, aPC eh pa BE eS
rats just like a cat will kill m
for play, d he will kill beaver and
for I have seen it done twice in m
career of forty-three hae trapping. Sor oS Sat

the nature of acaee

I an
i

will pass laws which the 5

from his line and threw it back into the
water. That same day he shot a fine dark
otter because it ate trout. I tried to explain
to him that it did not eat as much trout as
the sucker he had thrown back but he would
not listen to me and there are lots like him
who cannot understand that the suckers
follow game fish on their spawning beds and
eat the eggs as fast as the fish lay them. LT
think the most destructive thing that preys 4
on fish is the sucker and the worst on game
the broad axe tie maker. The latter takes —
a big toll of human lives as well. ;
I sincerely hope there may besomething ~~
done to do away with the fire traps describ :
and I would also like to see a little change in ~
the bounty laws. thier,
Northern Ontario.

A Trapper.

holding New Brunswick as a “‘model” of —
forest protection. We did nothing of the ~~
sort. We upheld one wide-awake action of
the Government in blanketing the townships
of Hazen and Grimmer with the settlers’ |
permit plan and we also have approved of the
progressive attitude towards forest conserva- —
tion which led New Brunswick to inaugurate —
the Forest Survey and to undertake land
classification. The Government has also
committed itself to a revision of the fire
patrol system and these are surely points
which merit everybody’s. applause. Such
steps Ontario has not taken, nor is there 5
satisfactory evidence of an intention to take
ste ee despite the fire calamity in the Clay- —
elt.

“TI trust this will correct any wrong im-
pression engendered by the hasty attack of
your correspondent.”

will fill,

a aia BY atk nent, be Edo A) : air
Sth ena N, eaemnal ene Whi

Nas pe

- ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

“Str || THE CAMPER

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DUCK SHOOTING AT WELLER’S

BAY, 1876-1916

J. TOWNSON

FTER reading the very interesting article
by Robert Page Lincoln in the Novem-
ber number of Rod and Gun on “The

Conservation of Canadian-bred Wildfowl,”
it occurred to me that my own observations
on the decrease of some kinds of our game
birds might be of interest to the readers of
Rod and Gun. I made my first visit to
Weller’s Bay, Ontario. in October, 1876, and
while I have been there several times in the
intervening years, October, 1916 found me
there again.

Forty years ago game birds of all kinds
were abundant all over the continent, and
the necessity of conservation had not been
thought of. The breech-loader has taken
the place of the muzzle-loader, and the num-
ber of shooters has increased greatly since
that time, consequently we are face to face
with the fact that some varieties of our ducks
are on the verge of extinction. The smaller
species of our waterfowl seem to have suffered
the most. For instance, that lively. and
sociable little duck, the Buffle Head (or
Butter Ball) has decreased alarmingly dur-
- ing the last few years, and this fall I only saw
three individuals, two males and one female.
Their habit of flying close to the shore and
alighting in the first flock of decoys they
came to may account in some measure for the
decrease in their numbers, as I have frequently
seen a flock of twelve or fifteen almost wiped
out by the discharge of a ten-bore gun loaded
with No. 8 shot. The blue-winged teal,
that fast-flying and delicious table bird, 1s
another of the small ducks that has sadly
diminished in numbers of late years. As
_ they go south early in the season, there are
not so many of them killed in Canada, and
‘the market gunners of the southern States,
having a much longer season in which to hunt
them, are probably responsible for their
rapidly decreasing numbers.

The smaller cousin: of the blue-wing, the
green-wing teal, while never so numercus, is
also melting away to a very great extent.
This species stays much later in the fall than
the blue-wing, as I saw a flock of twenty-five
or thirty during the last week of October.
* While the ruddy duck never frequented
Lake Ontario in anything like the numbers
to be found in some of the bays on the north
shore of Lake Erie, still we could always
count on seeing a few flocks every fall, but
tor the past few seasons they have been very
searce. The ring-necked duck (or marsh
blue-bill) was formerly fairly plentiful, but

~anghas™

it, too, is nearing the danger line of extinction.

The five varieties above mentioned seem
to have suffered most, and I appeal to sperts-
men to spare them on all occasions, or they
will follow in the wake of the passenger pigeon.

The black duck, on account of its wary
nature, coupled with the fact that it frequents
drowned lands and other inaccessible places,
will hold its own for some time to come.

The redheads and bluebills (which might
be called our staple ducks) make their appear-
ance from the north generally about the
middle of October, and still come down in
goodly numbers.

_The food supply has a good deal to do with
success or failure in duck-shooting. I have
known hundreds of ducks arrive on the feed-
ing grounds, stay for a day or two and then
suddenly depart, even when they were not
hunted, and the only way I could account
for it was that the food was not there as usual.
At Weller’s Bay the plant known as wild
celery (though this is not its botanical name)
grows in great abundance on the bottom
of the bay in water from ten to twenty feet in
depth. Like all other plant life it may have
an off-season now and again, and consequently
when food is scarce the birds are liable to be
less plentiful also. After the ducks have
been feeding during the night on the roots of
the celery the leaves or grass-like blades will
be washed up on the shore in great rolls:
This is the plant which is supposed to give
the canvasback duck his delicious flavor, but
as there was only one canvasback bagged this
fall near where I was located, I can only
speak for the redhead and bluebill, and they
were in fine condition. Like the ruddy duck
the canvasback is always more numerous on
Lake Erie than on Lake Ontario.

This fall there was a gratilying increase
in the number of Wilson snipe, blackbreast
plover, and greater yellow-legs, the members
seen being greater than for some years, but
that fine bird, the golden plover, seems to
be woefully scarce. During my first visits
to this favored locality every bit of cover
on the shore of the bay contained a few wood-
cock and ruffed grouse, and while you may _
still find a grouse or two, I have not seen a
woodcock for some years.

There is not the slightest doubt but that
the best piece of game legislation ever en-
acted by the Ontario Government was the
stopping of the sale of wildfowl, and let us

hope the benefits will be apparent to allin

a short time.

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

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Made by experts who

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\ Address: Box 55, Rod & Gun, Woodstock, Ont.

The Unsinkable Chestnut ee Canoe

The situation pictured above might
end seriously if the canoe were any

other but a Chestnut Sponson. We
make these superb craft with capacious
air-chambers extending the full length
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Chestnut Canoes have speedy lightness
without sacrificing staunchness. Their
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wide cedar ribs with a covering of thin
cedar planking, copper-fastened every-
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spruce. Over all, is our famous canvas
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We have a free booklet to send
WRITE FOR canoe lovers. It is handsomely
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of these masterpieces of canoe-
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Chestnut Canoe Co., Limited, Box 445, Fredericton, N.B.

HOW THE FOREST ANIMALS P
GRAPH THEMSELVES

ot the more recent advancements in

the field of picture-taking which has
helped to secure for photography a_per-
manent place among the arts. Paul J. Rain-
ey, the explorer and hunter of wild animals,
proved several years ago at the first exhibi-
tion of his wild animal flashlight pictures
taken in Africa, that this class of photography
offered a virgin field to the manuiacturer
of apparatus and to the man behind the
camera. Soon after this there was an awak-
ened interest in animal film shooting in
preference to gun or trapshooting.

At the present time photographic flash-
light apparatus has been developed to a
point where guesswork is eliminated and
where it is possible to photograph any object
in motion. To do this it is necessary for
the camera to catch the object in motion
just at the instant when the flash powder is
giving forth its brightest light. This re-
quirement calls for a high-speed shutter to
stop the motion on the plate of the object
being photographed. With a flashlamp re-
cently perfected by William Nesbit, the
shutter is automatically snapped at exactly
the moment when the light from the flash
powder is most intense. His apparatus has
been widely used to take flashlights of wild
animals in their native haunts and has given
uniformly good results. ‘

Pict the. more. ree by flashlight is one

When flash powder is ignited it does not

burn up or explode instantly, as might be
supposed. It burns more and more brightly
until it reaches its point of greatest bright-
ness, from which point on it dies down until
it goes out. This whole operation takes
at the most one-fifth of a second. However,
good pictures will be obtained only if the
camera is snapped during this fifth of a sec-
aig when the flash powder burns the bright-
est.

On the other hand, this point can never
be definitely determined before taking the
picture. It changes for different powders
and also varies for the same powder, since
the powder may become slightly damp and
will not burn in the same way. It is evi-
dent, then, that to snap the camera at pre-
cisely the right moment is not so easy as it
might appear.

The flash lamp devised by Mr. Nesbit con-
ists of an aluminum container to hold the

About a mile south of Kettleby, Ont., a
fox ranch has been started by Mr. Walls.
He is associated with other men experienced
in the raising of foxes for fur. They have
at present 19 fine specimensjranging from
black, silver and cross to the ordinary red
species. The fancy animals were secured
in the far north from Indians, and are of
great value.

flash powder, a cover for this container, a_
mechanism to fire the powder, and an attath-
ment which will automatically snap the
shutter of the camera at the moment when
the flash powder is burning brightest. The os
unit is waterproof and so compact that it —
can be readily attached to a tree or other —
convenient support. :

The flash powder is placed in a box made
waterproof by a coat of paraffin and is then
placed in the space provided for it in the
flashlamp. The powder is fired either by a
blank cartridge or by an electric spark furnish-
ed by a dry battery. A firing-pin, controlled
by a spring and a trigger, similar to those
used in a rifle or revolver sets off the cart-
ridge.

When taking a flashlight of an animal,
a wire is attached to the trigger and then
tied to bait of some sort. The animal is
attracted by the bait, and if it touches it, —
the wire is pulled, which, in turn, pulls the ©
trigger, releases the firing-pin and ignites —
the powder by exploding the blank cart- —
ridge. When the powder is to be ignited
electrically, a wire is stretched from a switch
to the bait. Once the bait is touched a
circuit is closed and an electric spark sets
off the powder.

The shutter on the camera designed by
Mr. Nesbit is operated by means of the
cover placed over the container holding the —
powder. This cover is attached to a chain
which is fastened to a tree or post support-
ing the lamp. This is to prevent the ex- —
plosion of the powder from blowing the cover
so far away that it cannot be found. The ©
cover is so arranged that it cannot be blown
off until the powder is burning with its great-
est brightness.

When the wire to the bait is pulled, the
powder is ignited and commences to burn.
For a smail traction of a second the cover
remains in place wnile the powder burns.
Then, when the powder is burning with
greatest vigor and is giving off its brightest
light, the cover 1s blown off and the shutter :
of the camera is snapped. see? |

Sometimes two sets of cameras and flash-
lamps are used to give two pictures of the
same animal in different positions, before
and after his fright. — Popular Science ~
Monthly. :

The animals are valued by the owners
at ten thousand dollars. They are confined
in double wire pens, the top and bottoms also
being of wire netting. Around the pens
containing the matched mates are also two _
high wire screen fences to prevent escape or
molestation. So far the Walls’ have not ~
lost a single fox and they are all healthy and —
very lively. With good luck there will be a
big increase in April and May. ce

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Opening beneath Patent flap

Small amount of material between thighs

Perfect pouch
Welt-bound webbing

Can be cleaned by boiling without injury to rub-
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7 elastic webbing. Ask your dealer, and i

he will not supply you with MIZPAH JOCE NO. dé,
send us 7éc in stamps and waist measurement and
we will send by mail.

46% Protein

Three years ago, on the advice of a few Dog
breeders in Canada, we bought a ton of this
Meal, which was sold before it arrived. Then
we bought five tons, which was all sold in a
month. - We now buy it by the car and have
just received another supply.

It fills a long felt want, and we ship it to Halifax and
Edmonton. Can furnish dozens of unsolicited testi-
monials from leading fanciers, and it only requires one
trial to make steady customers. Send for free folder
and full particulars.

Price 4 cents per Ib., or $3.65 in 100 Ib. lots.

_ Special Prices on larger quantities.

H. WHITE & CO., LIMITED, SHELBURNE, ONT.

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Well, who doesn’t? When you come to
Toronto Stop ata house whose diningroom
service is famous from coast to coast for
good eating, quick, courteous service and
reasonable prices. Our diningroom is our
hobby as well as an important part of our
business. We havea prideinit and our
constant effort is to keep on increasing its
fame. And every other department is
right in line—large, bright bedrooms,
beautiful tiled bathrooms, luxurious furn-
ishings, and everything else the most
fastidious travelercan require for comfort,
convenience and economy.

One minute’s walk from the Union Station
brings you to

The Walker House

Toronto’s Famous Hotel
Geo. Wright & Co., Proprietors

ee

I
i
|
|

wr

tas
pli A335

(ea
dy

The Publishers of Rod and Gun Magazine Invite readers of the magazine to contri-
bute articles and letters to Mr. Geikle’s department on matters pertaining to guns and
ammunition, but do not necessarily endorse the opinions expressed therein by these

eontributors.

A Readers are invited to contribute to this”
depart: cS

A LOADING IMPROVEMENT

F. M. WOODS

I ever owned was a .32-40 Mbdel 1894
Winchester; it had the regular 26 inch
full-octagon barrel and was standard as to
stock, etc.; this arm loaded through a spring-
cover in the side of the receiver just as do

ag first rifle above a .22 calibre that

the models of 1886 and 1892, and even the.

older model of 1873 loaded the same way
in_the calibres larger than twenty-two.

There was, I found, a slight difficulty

in loading a long string of cartridges into
the magazine of this arm, in that if the
cartridges were pressed completely into the
“magazine with each loading movement it
was necessary to use considerable force to
depress the gate past the cartridges lying
partly in the carrier in order to insert the
next one; when the magazine was first be-
ginning to be loaded and the spring was as
a consequence rather weak, it was more con-
venient to insert the cartridge only about
half way through the loading-gate and it
would generally be held here by the strength
of the spring-cover until the next cartridge
could be placed against it, but this action
was uncertain a cartridge at any time being
liable to be snapped out, and the only way
to avoid this annoyance, was to hold the
partly inserted cartridge with the grip of
the other hand until the succeeding cartridge
had been placed in position to partly enter
the gate.

This involved three alternatives in loading
up the magazine,—A great deal of force with
scraping of the soft-lead bullet if each cart-
ridge was completely inserted into the maga-

zine; the liability of a cartridge snapping
out if only partly inserted; or the use of two

hands, one to hold the gate-cartridge while
the other was loading the succeeding one
were not desirable features. All of these
annoyances are overcome by the groove
which I am illustrating by a magnified photo-
graph; this photo shows the spring-cover
in twice its natural size, and the groove
shown was ground by a small emery-wheel
costing fifteen cents at a hardware-store, this
wheel was stuck on the shaft of a small
electric-motor using string and glue and
cotton cloth to secure a tight fit and the
motor (of toy-like size) was then carried to
a large emery wheel and held rigidly against
a_ table while the large wheel “knocked the
pie” out of the small one and speedily re-
duced it to the right diameter to fit the
spring-cover curve, and also trued it up
as perfectly as though it had been properly
fitted to the motor-shaft. The motor being
juiceless, and not suited to the jolt of a light-
ing circuit its small pulley was belted up to
the chuck on Dr. Marius Bosce’s Hendy
Norton, 17 inch lathe using a length of twisted
tire-tape as a belt; the ends of the belt are
joined in a smooth manner by tapering off —
about ‘three inches of each end and then
after strongly twisting the length of tape,
the ends are laid together, twisted up, and
the natural twist of the body of the belt will
keep the ends fairly held together. This
belt is of course a round-belt and not a flat-
one. The groove was ground as shown
by holding the spring-cover in the fingers
alone, (to provide spring-pressure) and the
sample illustrated will make Brother Haines
stamp down an acre of “bush”: what I sent

him is quite as useful but as I had already _

Pig

Me

a at}
se TPG eee
: at ~

ADA

CAN

For Every Kind
Of Shooting—

Ly
(i)
whether it be moose, bear, rabbits, ducks, - fe
partridge—at the Traps or*on the target
range—the selection of the proper Shot (ml
Shell or Cartridge for each purpose goes
a long way toward producing the best results.

Dominion

Shot Shells
and Metallics

are made in sizes that operate
perfectly in all popular makes
of shot guns and rifles. The
exact proportion of powder and

Dominion

shot in Dominion loading gives the Hand Trap
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stops what it hits. The big-‘‘D’’ trade Bre ae Mag a
. . t -
mark on a box of cartridges is your ient offevers Auatisie ae oe
. guarantee of accurate, speedy, well It throws a clay target as well
balanced, Canadian Ammunition. as the regulation trap and
eae can onsets ae It =
: . , ght, compact and may be
Evice the a ae bey Boe: Only carried in a suit case. It will
mmunition made in Canada. turn dull-hours into live ones

and help to improve your
ree Send for circular. Price
4.85.

DominionCartridgeCo.,
Limited

| O36 Transportation Building,
Montreal

894

imparted the secret to him long before and
he hadn’t seemed to enthuse or even to

concede that I was a mechanical marvel, I

didn’t put on my flukes in turning out his
job out lapped it out with emery-flour and
. oil fed against the steel by a rapidly turn-

ing brass rod. To those who have no facili-
ties whatever, I would say that this groove
can be cut to a fair and serviceable dimen-
sion by locking the spring-cover in a vise
and working the end of a round file back
and forth across the steel. A flat plate of
any kind should be clamped in the vise
along with the spring-cover and its upper
edge used as a guide for the file; it is best
to draw the temper in the front end of the
cover, being careful to protect the spring
from heat; only a very slight, shailow, scratch
will work as well as the best groundout
groove, and after finishing with emery-cloth,
the spring-cover can be very successfully
reblued by careful heating ot the main body
(always protecting the spring) with a blow-

ROD AND GUN.IN CANADA «=

torch, or flame of similar kind, till the blue-
color appears.
I invented the first one of these spring-

cover grooves nineteen or twenty years ago;

hacked it out with a cold-chisel; sent it to
the Winchester factory, and was courteously

referred to some patent said to cover such
a groove as applicable to the loading-carrier
surface of a repeating shotgun.

To the overwhelming majority who ‘still
recognize that the .30-30 is the best deer-
rifle ever put out for the average hunting of
America, and especially to those who know the
good points of the Winchester 1894 model,
I have just one caution to add—Don’t put
the groove nearer than three sixteenths of an
inch trom the front end of the spring cover.
Brother Haines wrote me, “‘that this groove
is worth ten dollars of any man’s money,”
(provided he uses the 1894) but as I have
not yet received the money, I am making
very strong plans to straddle a motorcycle
as far as the ‘““Haines Roost” in B. C., Canada.

IN MEMORY OF DR. FRANKLIN W.
MANN

N. H. ROBERTS

entire world will greatly regret to learn
of the sudden death of Dr. Franklin W.
Mann, of Milford, Mass., which occurred
on the morning of November 14, at his home.
On November 13, Doctor Mann was sup-
posed to have been in his usual good health,
and was about his business and experiments
as usual. He retired that night~ apparently
in good health, but on Tuesday morning was
“clin dead by his family, having died of heart
ailure.

R entire wor in general throughout the

Doctor Mann was born in North Wren-,
tham, which is now Norfolk, Mass., on July
24, 1856, and was sixty years old at the time
of his death. He was a graduate of the
Cornell University, and Boston University,
with the degrees of A.B., B.S., and M.D.
He practiced medicine in his home town for
about two years, and was recognized as a
very successful practitioner.

_ His great ability as a machinist and de-
signer and inventor, and his extreme fondness
for rifle experiments, caused him to give up

en ic

Test the Ross .280

By Its Performance

Hundreds of hunters and guides
using the Ross .280 against the
most formidable American game
have put it through most searching
tests. All our claims for this rifle
are borne out in its performance.
The Ross .280 record for extra-
ordinary shooting under difficult
circumstances, and for reliability,
accuracy and power under all
conditions is absolute proof of its
value.

* y —_ ~<a.
The Ross .303 Sporting Models are only slightly less powerful than the .280. Many of the
most experienced guides and sportsmen prefer this rifle on account of its lower price and
easily obtained ammunition.
The Ross .22 Cadet Rifle is sturdy and accurate, useful for target practice and hunting
{small game, and uses the inexpensive .22 short, long or long rifle ammunition. Sells for $12

AT BEST DEALERS EVERYWHERE

IROSS RIFLE COMPANY - st QUEBEC

the practice of medicine and devote his life.

to the work that he so dearly loved.

For many years Doctor Mann has been
the chief owner of a factory in Milford, manu-
facturing and selling the Mann Bone Cutter,
which are sold in large quantities all over
the world. He recently placed on the market
the best automobile jack, the Kimball jack,
that we have to-day, which is also meeting
with a large sale.

Doctor Mann was without doubt, one of
the greatest rifle experimenters that the
world has ever known. This may seem like
an exaggeration to some, but those who knew
Doctor Mann personally know that the state-
ment is true. His time for many years has
been almost wholly devoted to rifle experi-
ments. His first waking thoughts in the
morning and his last at night were of his
beloved rifle experiments.

He possessed an ample fortune to carry out
the various costly experiments necessary in
this work. He also had the_ mechanical
ability to make large or small tools necessary
to successfully conduct these experiments,
had the factory and machines wherewith
to make these tools, and the patience and
persistence to stick to an experiment for
months, or years, if necessary, until it was
carried to a successful completion.

Doctor Mann owned the only 200 yards
covered range, fully equipped with chrono-
graph, pressure guns, electric light and equip-
ment complete, that is in existence in the
United States to-day, and so far as I know
the only one in the entire world.

No one really knows how much he has done
for the improvement of rifles and rifle access-
ories. The only really perfected method of
mounting a telescope on a rifle is the invention
ef Doctor Mann, and known as the Mann
Taper Block Mounts, for which he holds
United States patents. He was the first
man to use Dove Tail Blocks on the barrel of
a rifle for mounting a telescope, and in reality,
all the telescope mountings which attached
to the rifle by means of Dove Tail Blocks,
are infringements on Doctor Mann’s patents,
This may be news to many riflemen, but such
is the fact, nevertheléss. Very few of his
rifle inventions were patented as he preferred
to give the results of his inventions freely
to the riflemen of the world.

His book entitled ‘““The Bullet’s Flight from

- Powder to The Target,’ is a wonderfully

scientific book on rifle shooting. The pro-
duction of this book required a rare man, a
genius, an expert, an enthusiast of the highest

The Ontario Government has this season
reduced the fee for hunting licenses, granted
to non-residents of the province, trom $50.00
to $25.00. With the magnificent sporting
opportunities in the “‘Highlands of Ontario,”
and throughout the newly opened Territory
along the line of the Transcontinental, the
season of 1916 should see a large increase in
the number of visiting hunters.

Capt. Burke of the Blue Hill tells an in-
teresting story of deer seen recently in Cape
Breton. While the Blue Hill was passing
Kidston’s Island on her way to the Narrows,

necessary painstaking labor, and days and
months of thoughtful study required for their
inception and plans for their successful com-

pletion, that Doctor Mann has made since
his book was published, he would have a faint
idea of the inestimable loss to the riflemen
of the world, caused by his death, before the
completion of his second book.

Doctor Mann was the very-soul of honor
and strict integrity in all matters. Not for
his life would he make a misrepresentation
or state an untruth in anything. His reluct-
ance to state things of which he was not
pee has often led riflemen who did not

now him well to infer that he was unwilling
to impart information concerning certain
matters in riflé shooting. However, those
who knew Doctor Mann intimately are un-
animous in their declarations that it was
his fear of stating an untruth, or stating
something that might be misleading, which
caused him sometimes to refrain from answer-
me certain questions that were often asked

im.

Doctor Mann truly loved to experiment
with rifles, to test out all matters connected
with rifle shooting, ballistics, etc., thoroughly;
carefully, and scientifically. He was never
so happy as when engaged with a good com-
panion in his beloved rifle experiments on
his private range.

His den or study in his residence is a veri-
table mine of information and treasure house
of carefully tabulated results of experiments
performed by him in connection with rifle
shooting.

Dr. Mann is survived by this wife, two
daughters, one the wife of Professor Granville
R. Jones, of John Hopkins University, Balti-
more, Maryland, and the other, the wife of
Dr. George Herman Derry, assistant super-
visor of the Boston School Department, two
brothers, William and Edward Mann, both
of Norfolk, Mass., and several grand children.

Dr. Mann was a devout Christian, an active
worker in the Episcopal church, a liberal sup-
porter of the Y.M.C.A., in Milford, and ¢a

member of high degree in the Masonic order.

Capt. Burke noticed a deer come out of

the woods, go down to the water and swim
across to McKay’s point.
ful animal with a splendid pair of antlers, and
it was a beautiful sight to watch its progress
in the water. Captain Burke stopped the
boat while the animal was passing and the
passengers had a splendid view of the whole
affair. When Proi. Cunningham of the ex-
perimental farm, Truro, who has been motor-
ing through the Bras d’Or district, was com-

ing down from Magree to Baddeck, a deer

auietly crossed the road in front ot his car. -
é z

It was a beauti- |

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TRY THis

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RAWFURS

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N money the same day the furs are received. N
Targets and Traps| | \ Chs"¢e.20 commissions-“and pay all charg: |X
LPea AON Canadian Blackbird Targets. N thousands of trappers in Canada whoa N
/NELSCN LONG All black, $5.25 per M. White N their furs to us because they know they get N
Na AMIETON or Yellow banded targets, N a square deal, and receive more money N
$5.50 perM. Will paint them N for their furs. You will also. We buy N
any other color you want, 50c extra N more furs from trappers for cash than any N
perthousand. Western Automatic NX other five firms in Canada. XN
Traps. Bowron Expert Traps. N Hall > 50 . NS
N allam’s Trapper Guide (96 pages) NS
NELSON LONG, 441 Mary st N FREE Hallam’s Sportsmen’s Catalogue SX
HAMILTON, ONT. | N alanis hae ee N
= \N Sent ae or ements Adanes ue (32 Dame N
PRINCE GEORGE \N JOHN HALLAM, Limitea
N 149 Hallam Building -._Toronto N
TORONTO - <= CANADA UO DOD. QUO UE WWW

Magnificiently Furnished. Liberally Conducted.
Cuisine unexcelled. Courteous and Prompt Service.
European Plan. American Plea.

SAMUEL H. THOMPSON, Proprieter

. bh > fm 3) 7 &@ fr La » ar pet oe ae. eds aL

aA

ALONG THE TRAP LINE’ .--.

Te Fa
\|!

SUGGESTIONS FOR TRAPPING
FUR BEARERS

HUBERT HUTTON

Lynx.

The Lynx establishes a runway or course
over which it travels, making regular trips
back and forth every few days through heavy
undergrowth, in swamps and along lakes and
streams. These animals feed principally upon
pheasants and rabbits. If the snows are
heavy the trap may be set on the side of a
tree. Drive a nail about twenty-four inches
from the ground and suspend the trap by
the link of the chain nearest the trap. Cut
some long grass and arrange it so that it will
hang down over, and hide the trap from
view. Two or three inches above the trap
sprinkle a few drops of your favorite liquid
Lynx bait. The Lynx instead of smelling
at the bait, as a cat would, will paw at it and
is most sure to get caught. See that the
chain of your trap is attached to a drag.

Another method is to kill a rabbit and
sprinkle its fur with six or eight drops of
liquid lynx bait and place the rabbit in some
brush two or three feet from the ground.
Set foe traps and arrange a guideway of
brush or logs so that the lynx will have to pass
over the trap in getting at the rabbit. Lynx
will come from a considerable distance to
get the bait and you are sure to get them.
I strongly recommend that trail scent be used
on the soles of your shoes when setting traps
for lynx, as they will follow your trail directly
to your traps. Lynx are not suspicious and
if you find their runways you will have very
little trouble in getting them.

Marten.

Early in the winter Marten are usually,
found im the high regions; they like rough,
brushy and loggy places as they hunt birds
and mice during the day as well as at night.
Later on they begin to come down to the
lowlands.

_ One method to trap Marten is to find some
sheltered place, a tree with a heavy top 1s best,
for they stay in trees a great part of the time
and then the tree also offers a good shelter
for your traps. Take a piece of tainted veni-
son, or meat of any kind, sprinkle with a few
drops of your favorite liquid bait scent for
Marten and nail the meat up on the tree about
two and one-half feet from the ground, and
set your trap about ten inches from the bottom
of the tree on a line with the bait. Cover it
over lightly with leaves and dirt. On either
side of the trap lay a piece of bark or short
limb in order to make a guideway so that

the Marten will have to go over the trap to
get to the bait. It is a good plan to have
some green branches from a tree and fasten
them two or three feet above the bait so as
to protect the bait and the trap from the
heavy snow. Some trappers recommend set-
ting two traps, one on either side of the tree,

as suggested above. The trail scent should

be used on your shoes in setting traps for
the Marten and in going to and from the
traps, as it will leave a scented trail right up
to your traps and double your chances of
making a good catch. The Marten is a great
prowler, as you, perhaps, well know. Some
trappers recommend taking a chunk of meat
about the size of a quart cup and cut several
slits in it; fill the slits with your favorite trail
scent and drag it behind you with a long
string every time you visit your traps. Mar-
ten in crossing this trail are sure to follow it
to your traps and you are sure to have suc-
cess in trapping them. A piece of duck or
bird sprinkled with a few drops of liquid
Marten bait is also recommended to be placed
hear your traps.
Bear.

The following method is being successfully
used by many trappers of bear. Find a hol-
low log. If possible, find one about eight
feet long and hollow the entire length. If
a log of this kind cannot be found, cut one
about this length, covering the fresh cuts
with soil so as to look as natural as possible.
Place this log near where you expect to trap,
or where there are sOme signs of bear. Then
take a good sized chunk gf meat, cut slits in
it and into these slits pour your favorite
liquid bear bait. Then take the meat, tie
a good stout cord to it and drag it in circles
of about one hundred yards in every direction
from the log. After you have done this

. place the bait in the center of the log and

set your traps at either end. Cover the trap
well with old leaves, dead grass, or anythin
that will make the surroundings look natur
and undisturbed. If two bears come along
you will get them both as they cannot leave an
attraction of this kind. In trying to get to
the bait they are bound to get caught.
Some trappers recommend building a V-
shaped pen out of logs and in the back part

of the pen, or smaller part, sprinkle some _

liquid bear bait, or whatever bait you prefer.
Set the trap about half-way in, coverin

lightly with leaves or grass. Use the tral ope

—
see.

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scent on your shoes in going to and from your
traps and any bears that happen to cross
your trail will follow it to the traps.

If you set your trap in water, set where the
bear is liable to come to fish, in still water
near the edge of the bank. Set your trap
so that it is covered with three or four inches
of water. Cover it well with moss. Then
three or four feet from your trap, out in the
water on the limb of a tree, or a stake, sprinkle
some liquid bear bait, or other kind of bait
to suit your own idea, and arrange a guide-
way of logs so that the bear in trying to get out
to the bait will pass over your trap and get
caught. Always fasten the chain of your
trap to a heavy clog or drag.

Opossum.

The oppossum is not cunning and under
ordinary circumstances is very easily trapped.
It prowls around at night in search of food
and is very easily attracted to traps by any
reliable oppossum bait. Set your traps on
logs or in holes and place some bait near the
trap. If you are setting on logs cover the
trap over with old rotten wood well powdered
up. Ifa den or hole can be found set your
trap at the entrance to the hole and place the
bait just beyond your trap, concealing the
trap by covering over with dirt, grass or
leaves. If you trail an oppossum with dogs
(or otherwise) to a hollow tree or hole, you
can easily get him with a smoker.

on *

UN IN

ee

4 NPR ane
rae, Shenae FS a4
.

5 a

Muskrat. gia
The Muskrat is usually taken at the foo
of slides or runs.

brush will hang four or five inches above the
pan of the trap. On the brush place a few
drops of liquid Muskrat bait of your favorite
brand. See that the brush or weed on which
the bait is placed is securely fastened so that
the current will not wash it away. Try and

find a sheltered place to make the set, and ie

it this cannot be done make a break of wood
or stones to protect the trap and bait. Musk-
rat are also found in marshes.

Another way is to build up a mound of mud
and*stones in shallow water. On the top of
the mound, just above the water line, sprinkle
a few drops of liquid bait scent and set the
trap at the bottom of the mound, under the
water. Leave very little of the mound above
the water, just enough to place the bait on.

Always stake the trap in deep water so
that the muskrat will, in diving for deep
water, be drowned by the weight of the trap.
Some trappers use apples, corn, carrots, etc.
on which is placed a few drops of liquid bait
if desired, and this is to be secured on a stake
driven in the water so that the bait is just
above the water level, setting the trap close
to the stake on the bottom.

MUSKRAT SPEARING EXPERIENCES
OF LONG AGO

(CONTINUED FROM LAST ISSUE)
LEO PANKRATZ

The question which flashed through my
mind at this point was how did I get into
this dangerous situation. I figured it out
after a time that in my hurry to get to-the
rat house without making any noise I had
softly stepped over the dangerous parts and
had brought myself to where I was actually
a captive in a lonely unfrequented small,
but doubtless, deep lake. The sun was be-
ginning to warm up some and_I knew that
should I stay where I was i would surely
sink by noon, by which time the sun’s rays
would be at their hottest and melt the ice
on which I was then standing. Stepping
firmly but lightly I made ry way forward
trembling in every limb as_I feared at every
moment the ice would break beneath my
weight. As -I drew close to the thin “run”
the continuous travelling to and
fro of the rats the night before I heard a
loud crack of the ice ring out close at hand
among the dense grass and reeds. I felt
that the thin ice might give out under me
at any time. Stepping back a little I thought
to myself, how am I to get out of here? Must
I risk my life and run as fast as I can over
the danger point?. Should I remove some of

my heavy clothes and particularly my boots?
Even though I should break through it was
possible I might be able to scramble out with-
out drowning. Suddenly a happy thought
struck me. I knew that when a long stick
of wood, or better still a plank is placed over
thin ice it will bear its own weight and also
a man’s weight with ease, while if you at-
tempt to walk upon the same thickness of
ice without the plank it will not bear half
your weight. The strain upon the ice im-
posed by the plank is spread over a consider-
able area so that it bears the additional
weight with ease. Having this in mind I
quickly proceeded to take my long rat spear
and placing it on the ice over the open rat
run I made of it a bridge-like affair on which
to walk over.

Taking my shorter spear and dulling it as
much as possible on the point I tied my hand-
kerchief to it and to this my muskrat hook,
using the whole contrivance as a walking
cane to assist me in balancing myself while
walking on the long spear. The iron hook
was securely tied or strapped to the point of

the spear by means of my leather belt for ie

the purpose of giving the walking cane as I

Place the trap in shallow
water and then place a weed or a piece of
brush close to the trap, so that the top of the —

or

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called it extra ice to cover, while if this m ‘ans

had not been employed the spear’s sharp ret

point would have pressed through the ice
at the least pressure, thus rendering it almost
worthless as far as a future life preserver is
concerned.

Having got everything in order as per the
above I slowly walked across the danger
point out of harm’s way, bringing to an end
an experience which I shall never forget and
which had it not been for my _invention,
might have terminated fatally. While walk-
ing across the open run, I may add, I did
not hear a single crack of the ice.

When I had completed preparations for the
balance of the forenoon’s spearing I walked
off east of the lake where a large rat was
speared through thickice. (I had had enough
of thin ice for that day). For the rest of
that day I kept to what I knew to be safe
ice, avoiding all grassy spots. I speared all
forenoon with fairly good success and upon
glancing at my watch found the hands point-
ing to twelve o’clock.

As I had not eaten any lunch my pro-
visions were untouched. My appetite, how-
ever, was of such a character as to make the
lunch I had brought with me appear in-
adequate even for dinner and I had expected
it to do duty for an afternoon lunch as well
as a mid-day meal. The outdoor man can
enjoy his meals in comfort on atree stump,
on a river bank or almost any place where
he can find a seat because he is sure to have
a fine appetite for whatever he has in the
way of grub.

I found a comfortable seat on an old de-
serted muskrat house and after I had eaten
my fill I reached into my back hip pocket
to get a good after-dinner chew of tobacco
which tastes exceedingly good at this time
of the day. The moment I- felt my pocket
however, I knew that I had taken my last
chew for that day as there was no tobacco
left. This made me decide to hit the creek,
North Branch Creek, it was called, and spear
along its bank down stream until I came
to a small town called Cobden where I could

A TALK WITH TOM TRAUT Ae
MANITOBA TRAPPER

J2D 7k:

* FEW days ago the writer when walking
vAN along Main Street, Winnipeg, chanced
to observe the genial .eatures of old
Tom Traut, one of the best-known habitues
on the trap lines of the northland. “Ah,
sure, and it’s meself,’”” remarked the weather
beaten veteran. “I got into this burgh yes-
terday to get supplies; it’s getting October
and Lake Winnipeg will soon be frozen over.
As for spending the winter in these civilized
parts, well, it wouldn’t suit me in any shape.”
There is no more genial hearted trapper
or child of Nature than Tom Traut. No one

ran and in due time struck the creek banks —
where I walked along for two miles without
seeing any signs of muskrats. It is five miles —
from the lake to Cobden and when getting ~
half way there I frightened a rat out of the
bank and walking on to the ice noticed it
was a large one and quite tame. It had ©
hid itself partly under a sunken log and
only the hind quarters were visible. took
full aim and struck; the spear at once gave _—
its welcome “‘br-br-br-br”’ and ‘‘crack crack” __
as the rat’s powerful teeth bit the steel spear.
No sooner had I withdrawn the rat from the ~
spear than another came swimming along
with great speed suddenly stopping not four
feet from me in good ice. I walked up_to
him and as he started moving I landed the
spear through his back. After this one was
withdrawn from the spear I walked away
thinking no more would be found when an-
other one passed me to the right. This time
I-thought to myself that surely the rats were
coming my way. I speared this one as I
had done the one before. Next I walked
down stream always keeping to the same

a.

ys

x

. bank as I had decided to make my way home

to the lake on the other side of the creek,
thus doing both banks in one day. I- had
not gone far when I noticed an underground
hole enter the bank some distance below the
level of the surface of the ice. I knew this —
to be the work of the muskrats and knew
also that many rats make their homes in dens
like these. I stumped and kicked my feet
on the frost bitten creek bank and with the
assistance of my spear I made sufficient
noise to scare out two of the bank rats, one
of which promptly fell to the call of my spear, _
the other turning around and re-entering the
hole which it had come out from, making it _
impossible for me to secure a hit at it and
as it would not come out I gave it up. “<j

~

EVANS

knows from whence he came; even his closest —
friends are in the dark concerning his origin. -
For upwards of thirty years, however, Traut —
has worked on the trap lines within a district
a long distance northward from Lake Winni- _
peg. During the past three years his smiling ©
face has not been seen on Winnipeg streets. —
“The war!’’_exclaimed Traut as the con- —
versation drifted toward that all-absorbing
topic. ‘‘Never heard of it until a few months ©
ago when an Indian I met on the trail said
he’d listened to folks talking about it at Nor-
way House. Bad business it must be, Tm

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i?

aS ae La

. satel
glad to be away from such squabbles.” —
“Too old, Tom, you and I,” suggested
writer. “The milit people don’t want
old chaps like you and myself.”

Oh, don’t they? I could lick any three of
those foreign fellows, yet,’ growled the vet-
eran as he stretched himself up. ‘“I’d like—”

“No doubt, but tell us something of the
fur prospects,”’ interrupted the writer, ““What
was the trapping lke last winter?”

“Fur catch was mighty difficult last season.
Didn’t you folks get lots of snow here in
Manitoba?” asked the trapper, as a smile
swept across his wrinkled face. ‘You couldn’t
do a thing after the middle of January, never
saw an equal to the snow up north.”

The information which Tom Traut gave
was not surprising for last winter the snow-
fall in Manitoba proper was excessive. Vari-
ous reports from northern localities indicated
that an even more bountiul supply of the
‘beautiful’ had fallen there.

‘*‘Chances for the coming season are good,”
said the old man. “In my opinion there’ll

the a chance to ac

the deep snow and consequent

was responsible for some dying
I’m looking for mighty good busines >
understand gay prices will be paid. Tm
afraid I shall not see you again for some —
time for so soon as I’ve stocked up with sup-
plies I’m off again.” ee

“What’s that? Quit the traps and come —
to live in civilization! No, you couldn’t hire
me to put up with the streets andthenoise ~
in Winnipeg.”

A few minutes later old Tom had entered
a well-known establishment on Main street.
No doubt the sight of traps and such like
things would increase his longing to be back
in the northland. With him as with others
to whom the call of the northern woods is a
lure, the silence of the timber land is more
beautiful than anything which civilization
has to offer and any other life than that of
the woods would be repulsive.

WINTER CAMPING

J. B. BENSON

articles about summer camping but

seldom see anything about cold weather
camping. Having often come across many
ill-equipped and poorly arranged camps in
the cold and wet weather seasons, | am
induced to describe what I consider an ideal
camp, and which I have used during many
of our coldest winters in Ontario, Quebec
and New Brunswick with the greatest com-
fort and satisfaction.

I have a white wall tent, ten feet square
with sodcloths attached, and about a four-
inch sleeve, about one-foot long at each
upper corner for the ridge pole to pass through.

also have a tin plate inserted in one side
of the door flap or front, which side of the
floor is pinned down. A hole in the tin allows
_a four-inch pipe to pass through. Leading
the pipe through the roof as is often done,
causes danger from sparks, as well as being
a source of leaks down the pipe in wet wea-
ther. It is always well to choose a_ well
sheltered spot to pitch your tent on, and one
where wood and water are convenient. Avoid
open spots as much as you can. The open
is all right in summer, but seldom in cold
weather. In erecting your tent, first peg
down the four corners, then put ee ridge
pole in place, passing through the sleeves
a foot or more. Stretch the tent along the
pole and tie the sleeves tightly with the
strings attached thereto. Then cut four
poles about twelve feet or so long, with
crotches at the top ends. With these poles
under both ends of your ridge pole, proceed
to raise the tent, until the four corners be-
come somewhat tight. Your poles thus
\standing at an angle of about forty-five,
brace the tent both ways from the sides.

°

iz the Rod and Gun I notice many good

If, after the sides are toggled out and the

rest of the bottom pins down and your tent

shows any sagging or uneveness, by shifting

the feet of the poles it can be smoothed out —
and the tent made as smooth as a_ board.

I never carry either poles or pegs. In this

wooden country a few minutes’ work with

your axe will do the trick. Such poles as

described above are always out of the way, ~
and no guy ropes fore and aft-are needed.
Move the feet of the poles out so that they
brace against the ends of your ridge pole,
and the tent is then braced from every direc-
tion. After getting up the tent, procure a
small log about seven or eight inches in
diameter and place it about six and a half —
feet from the back end of the tent for the
foot of your bed. Fill this bed space with ©
balsam boughs. If you cannot get balsam
use hemlock or the best that is to be procured.
A bough bed badly made is a miserable —
affair, but if properly laid, is a pleasure to —
sleep on. If you are inexperienced at the —
business, better let the old woodsman in
the party do it. After the bed making draw —
in one of the toboggans up along the side of
the tent adjoining the open door, and on ©
this stow your provisions, unless it is better —
left outside. as
_ We next take the stove into account. It

is placed with its door even with the centre
of the tent and sideways to the foot of the —
bed, being distant about eighteen inches.
from both the end of the tent and the bed.
I may mention here that the stove is made
of stiff sheet iron, eight inches by twelve
and twenty-six inches .long, without any
holes in it, so that it will hold fire a long time
at night. The pipes are four inch, wi

an elbow lead out through the tin in the

~

CHAP. II.—MODERN SHOTGUNS.. 22
Barrels, Actions, Fore-end Fasten-
ing. Locks—fixed and hand de-

tachable.

CHAP. III.—MODERN SHOTGUNS

SNMRSENEMORL) og coins Soovola’s. us ac'ste os 43
afety-bolts, Ejector, One-Trigger ..
CHAP. IV.—MODERN SHOTGUNS

EE 2 a eee sae 65

The Processes of Manufacture and
The Gun Complete.

CHAP. V.—MODERN SHOTGUNS
PMMEMBTICTE Vis oes Svw a wieteju as ve Se 92
izes, Lengths, Weights and Char-
es, Boring, Shooting-Power and
erformances, Pattern, Penetration

and Recoil.

CHAP. VI.—SHOTGUN AMMUNI-
LS Se ee ere 121
Cartridges and Cartridge-Loading,
Primers, Gunpowder, Powder
Pressures, and Barrel Bursts. Shot
Velocity and Sizes. .

CHAP. VII.—MODERN SPORTING

(SLL STARRED Se aia Sree ee 162
CHAP. VIII.—MODERN SPORTING
BIRCES (Continued) :..2:..0. 55.
eee oading, Baca, and
Doupl aT ER AG A eae ane ree 191

CHAP. [X.—THE NEW ACCELER-
ATED EXPRESS RIFLES AND
Metts POWDER 222. o0005 25s 215

A ‘Manual of Practical Information
For Sportsmen of Today

By Henry Sharp

Author of ‘“‘The Gun Afield and Afloat,” ‘Practical Wildfowling,” £tc.

WITH OVER 250 ILLUSTRATIONS

CHAP. X.—BALL AND SHOT
GUNS AND THEIR DEVELOP-
MENT? oS 0) sbelan.s st ee 231

CHAP. XI.—THE SIGHTING OF

RIFLES 3 So). ule. ne ae cee 256
Trajectory.
ean XII.—SPORTING BUL-
Sse st cece x hon ee 295

CHAP. XIII.—MINIATURE RIFLES
FOR MATCH, TARGET AND
SPORTING PURPOSES.......... 322

CHAP. XIV.—GUN-FITTING ..... 354
The Try-Gun and its Uses, Stock
Form and Measurements. Second-
hand Gun-Buying.

CHAP. XV.--GAME SHOOTING IN
GREAT BRITAIN: ‘2.3. 3.2. 3558 373

CHAP XVI.—WILD FOWL SHOOT-
ING IN GREAT BRITAIN ....... 410
The Various Species, Guns and
Loads.

CHAP. XVII.— THE SPORTS-
WOMAN; HER RATIONALE IN
THE FIELD AND HER EQUIP-

EEN Tc nooo»: disee-ki esake yoieee Oee 430
CHAP. XVIII.—LADIES IN THE
ETE co :n ou 4.2 omits a 441

(By the Duchess of Bedford ).

CHAP. XIX.—SHOOTING ABROAD446
The Necessary Armament; The
Import Duties on Guns, Rifles and
Cartridges; The Sport to be Ob-
tained; Arms Suitable for Killing
Big Game.

Will be sent postpaid on receipt of price, $2.00

| | Address: BOOK DEPT., ROD AND GUN IN CANADA, WOODSTOCK, ONT. |

906

tent wall. I use no stove legs, just drive
down four green hardwood pegs under the
stove about where the legs would come.
I have never yet had these pegs burn, and
your stove sets on them more firmly than
upon legs.

Next comes the floor made of any wood
split into slabs about one inch thick, and
covering all that part of the tent outside

of the bed. Behind the end of the, stove -

there will be room for a few armfulls of good
hardwood and pine. There is also room for
the pots and pans between the stove and
tent wall. Then throw some sand or dirt
in on the bottom of your stove. If it is
winter and you can’t get such material just
lay in a few slabs of green timber about an
inch thick and fire up. These green slabs
will protect the bottom of the stove until
enough ashes form to protect it.

Hang a small pole from the ridge pole,
about four or five inches below it, on this,
when coming in at night, hang any wet
clothes you may have and you will find them
both dry and warm in the morning.

My cooking outfit usually consists of one
ood sized iron frying pan, an aluminum

asin and three pails of the same, all fitting
into one another. The cutlery and tea cups
will go in the smallest pail and the plates in
the basin under the pails. I take also a fair
sized reflector, for baking at a small outside
fire. All the rest of the cooking can be done
on the stove, and sometimes the baking on
a pinch alongside the stove. If you have a
cook who can manage a bean hole, give him
a bean kettle and let him at it, and your
beans will come out superior to any other
manner of cooking them.

For three men of us all told I have five
pairs of blankets and three canvas cloths
about the length of my toboggans, to use in

Editor, ALONG THE TRAP LINE:—

Here I am for the first time boys, “hale
and hearty” as any country chap could be,
always out on the coldest mornings with
nose, feet and ears freezing to follow the
trap line. The cold, however, is soon for-
gotten if I find I have caught anything.
Success of this kind is the quickest way to
warm a fellow up. I have read of fellows
who caught their first skunk. Do I remem-
rer my own experience? Well, I should
rather say so.

One night before dark I was travelling
around with a No. 1% trap on my shoulder
when I came upon a hole in the ground. I
got curious and set my trap. Next morning
it was bitterly cold but I started for the trap
and as I drew near the sweet smell of skunk-
was borne upon the breeze. I went up to
my trap and saw a pair of black eyes gleam-
ing at me. I was prepared and had an
empty sack with me. approached the
skunk and with a stick I tried to force him
into the bag, but a stinging stream shut out
my gaze and [ found myself cocking my .22

SS—

~ ROD AND GUN IN G

g

In the Fall when in a permanent cam
after duck or deer I carry an oil lantern whic
can be hung from the rise pole, and I find
a par re ge very handy for dodging about
in a dark night outside. :

My tool outfit consists of an axe each,
one large for chopping wood, and two small
ones so that when pitching the tent each
man can have a tool to work with, also an
inch auger, a file and whetstone, with sucn

a kit you can travel anywhere through the

bush.
This style of camping I adhere to winter
and summer in a general way. In summer
the stove is omitted from the outfit and its
place utilized for storing grub and other
purposes, leaving sleeping room for five
men, a fly and lighter tent of silk being
brought along, in place of the winter tent.
Of course the transportation business means
canoes and packs in summer and fall instead
of snow shoes and toboggans in winter.
As for grub, I always go on plain and simple
food. One is of course governed by circum-
stances, such as length of trip, locality ot
supply base and many other things, so much
so that I can only say, take such grub as
you think you may need, consistent with
weight and bulk. Experience gained in a
few trips is the best teacher for that.

Title and—‘‘Bang!’’, one short stripe skunk
had given up the ghost. I was only twelve
years old at this time. As for my clothes
they were interred in the back potato field.
My father is overseas with the 104th Battal-

ion. If I see this in print I may come again.
Yours truly,
Harcourt, N.B. Eddie McDonald.

Saskatchewan permits the trapping of

muskrats and otter anywhere in the Province,
between Nov. Ist and April 30th..

Mr. A. B. Shubert, Pres. of A. B. Shubert,
Inc., Chicago, in an article on “‘Women
Creators of Fashions in Furs,” says that so
long as the animal scarf remains fashionable
high prices will prevail for the skins of all
kinds of foxes, fisher and the soft furred
Northern coyotes with the head attached.
With foxes in strong demand and coyotes,
the imitation, a close second trappers will

obtain very,high prices for their collections

of these articles.

fife. is

ue oF : t: p } " a, Was i er ee ee
2 Se ee pat af by Gas Fahy : | l Hl i rl Coa | mil eh See

QUEBEC

Shortest Route

Connections from
Maritime Provinces by
Maritime Express

oe with
WESTERN NATIONAL
Dep. Quebec... ..4.30 p.m.

Tues., Thurs., Sate

La Tuque.......... 9.40 p.m.
Tues., Thurs., Sat.

eet, SAMOSHA tee 10.22 a.m.
Wed., Fri., Sun.
Arr. Cochrane........... 4.10 p.m.

Wed., Fri., Sun.

Arr. Winnipeg...........4.30 p.m.
Thurs., Sat., Mon.

Direct connection in Union
Station for the West,
North West and
Pacific Coast.

C. A. Hayes,

General Traffic Manager

|CANADIAN GOVERNMENT RYS.

WINNIPEG

Where Big Game Abounds
Quickest Time

| Connections from Pacific

Coast, Northwest and

West in Union Station
with

NATIONAL ATLANTIC

Dep. Winnipeg..........5.15 p.m.
Sun., Tues., Thurs.

Cochrane.......... 7.15 p.m-
Mon., Wed., Fri.

ANTIOS es alot acm:
Tues., Thurs., Sat.
La Tuque..........2.00 p.m.
Tues., Thurs., Sat.

Arr Quebecs2 8 22 7.00 p.m.

Tues., Thurs., Sat.

Connection at Levis with
Ocean Limited for
Maritime Provinces.

F. P. Gutelius,

General Manager

H. H. Melanson

General Passenger Agent

MONCTON, N.B.

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{eS PS TI RE SI YE SI BE A SES I ESE NYE RE
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_ present time.

“5

NEWFOUNDLAND BANKS INEXHAUSTIBLE
FOOD RESOURCES COULD FEED
GREAT BRITAIN :

‘The movement in Canada for supplying fish
rations to the soldiers on the western front, with
which General Sir Sam Hughes was actively
identified, and which has recently resulted
in an order for a million and a half pounds
of frozen fresh fish per week, is directing
the attention of capitalists to the possibilities
of utilizing the fishery resources of Newfound-
land in the same way and also in utilizing the
colony as a basis for a permanent fish supply
for the British Isles. Food economists and
other experts are warning the world that®
one outcome of the war will be the reduction
of the visible number of meat-supplying ani-
mals so greatly that for many years to come
meats will be a luxury to be enjoyed only
by the wealthy, and that one of the staple
foods of the poorer classes will have to be
fish. Even with the latter edible, moreover,
it is contended that the supply will be small
and the price very .great, unless adequate
measures are taken in the meantime to pro-
vide for the new conditions that will have to
be faced after the war is ended.

To-day the British fishery trade is com-
letely disorganized as a result of the struggle.
Jast numbers of “trawlers” and “‘drifters,”’
two of the principal types of English fishing
vessels, have been commandeered by the
Admiralty for various naval purposes, and
their crews have gone with them as well,
so that the British fishing industry may be
regarded as virtually non-existent at the
Even when the war ends it
will take seven years to restore things to
their former condition and to make the North
Sea fishing grounds usable owing to the great
number of wrecks that will have been sunk
by German submarines, because the nets are
dragged aproush: these areas by Sstang ves-
sels and would be utterly destroyed if they
peut in contact with any of these submerged
crait.

Britain’s Supply Stopped.

The United Kingdom depends chiefly upon
ike fish brought in by the steam trawlers,
the inshore line fishermen providing a com-
paratively small proportion of the total fish
supply. These steam trawlers fish all round
the British coast, but the most frequented
fishing ground is on the Dogger Bank, in

the North Sea. A certain number, how-
ever, of large deep-sea trawlers go to more
distant grounds, off Iceland and Morocco,

and to the Barents Sea, of which the White
Sea forms a part. These trawlers bring
in about 100 tons of fish in three weeks’
round voyage from the White Sea.

Before the war, the supply of fish brought
in by the British trawlers was supplemented
by large quantities landed by foreign fishing
boats, German, Belgian, Danish, etc., at
different British ports, notably at Aberdeen
and Grimsby. Now that source of supply

has been stopped entirely. A great many
German trawlers, for instance, used to land ~
Icelandic fish in Aberdeen for the London
market, and in addition there was the fish
landed there by the Scotch trawlers fishing
on those grounds. Altogether from 600 to
700 tons a day were landed in Aberdeen of
Icelandic fish. Now there is only an occa-
sional boat. The’ same thing has taken place
at Grimsby, where the large supplies brought
in by the foreign trawlers from the Dogger
Bank and elsewhere, have come to an end.
Besides this, most of the British trawlers
have been taken: for mine sweeping, and
fishing is only allowed in very restricted
areas, so that the amount of fish brought in
now is very small, indeed, compared with
what was brought in before the war.

Newfoundland Fish Available.
There is no reason why the shortage should
not be made good in large measure from
Newfoundland. All that is needed is the
means for collecting and transporting the
fish. Newfoundland, it is true, is somewhat
farther off. It is about 1,750 miles from
Grimsby to the fishing grounds in the White
Sea, but it is only 1,840 miles from Fleet-
wood to Sandwich Bay, and about 1,900
miles to St. John’s; and whilst to the edge
of the Grand Bank it is not more than 1,700
miles, about the same distance as_ from
Grimsby to the White Sea. And Newfound-
land has this advantage over the White Sea
grounds, that it has a large fishing popula-
tion, so that if cold storage plants were pro-
vided at suitable points round the coast, and
rapid fish carriers put on, they ought to bring
the fish over in quite as good, if not in better
condition, than that brought by the White
Sea and Icelandic trawlers, which have to
Piss catching as well as the carrying of the
ish. j
Small fish carriers, provided with ice,
could visit the fishing grounds and collect
the fish from the fishing fleet, just as is done a
in the North Sea. But these small fish
carriers instead of being worked with steam,
might be built of wood and fitted with in-
ternal combustion engines as in the Scandin- —
avian countries. They would cost less to
build and would be cheaper and easier to oper-
ate. The report of the North Sea Fisheries —
Commission says: “In Great Britain the ~
form of power has been steam, while in the ~
Scandinavian countries the internal com- —
bustion engine has: been freely adopted. —
The latter form suited countries whose econ- _
omic organization is less based on coal than ~
ours, and whose fisheries are carried on in”
more sheltered waters than ours.” This re- —
mark applics exactly to Newfoundland, where
the sheltered waters and the general fishery
conditions are very similar to those in-
way.

ve

——

For One New Subscription

A single action, raised pillar, rivetted
2 brass reel with click, 80 yds.; A Standard
. waterproof Bass Line, 10 yds.; A Mackerel
. waterproof line, 25 feet; A Kelso Pearl
Spoon Bait; A Sullivan Hook and Reel
Guard; A Williams’ Battery Switch; A
Finger Grip for fishing rods; A Fish Hook
for Frog Bait; Two Rubber Grips for fish-
ing rods; A Matchless Cigar Lighter.

For Two New Subscriptions

A Betzler & Wilson Fountain Pen; A
copy of ‘“‘Radford’s Garages and How to
Build Them”; A Vest Pocket Flashlight;
A Stag Brand Landing Ring; A copy of
Deadfalls and Snares, a book of instruction
for trappers about these and other home
made traps; A Copy of Canadian Wilds,
tells about the Hudson’s Bay Co., Nor-
-nern Indians and their modes of hunting,
trapping, etc.; A Copy of Steel Traps,
describes the various makes, and tells how
to use them, also chapters on care of pelts;
A copy of Camp and Trail Methods; A copy
of Science of Fishing; A copy of Fox Trap-
ping—Tells how to trap, snare, poison and

*shoot; A copy of Mink Trapping—Gives
many methods of trapping; A copy of Wolf
and Coyote Trapping; A copy of Science of
Trapping—Describes the Fur bearing
animals, their nature, habits and distribu-
tion with practical methods of their

~ capture; A copy of Fur Farming—A book

of information on raising Furbearing ani-

mals, telling all about enclosures, breeding
feeding, habits, care, etc.; A Grease Gun
manufactured by Miller & Starr; An Oil

Gun manufactured by Brown Co.; A Gem
Razor Safety; An American Pedome-

: ter—Regulates to step and registers exact
distances; A copy of The Camper’s Own
Book (cloth); A copy of ‘Motor Craft

Encyclopedia”; A copy of “The Culture of”

Black and Silver Foxes’”—Contains chap-
: ters on Heredity, Origin, Breeding, Mating
and Gestation, Pens and Dens, Food and
Feeding, Food and Care, Value.

For Three New Subscriptions

A Landing Net manufactured by All-
: cock, Laight & Westwood; A Line Drying
‘ Reel; A Pair of Elliott’s Ear Protectors for
> Trap-Shooters and Sportsmen; Three
_ Crow Decoys, A New Wonder Flashlight.

‘f] Subscription Dept, Rod and Gun in Canada, Woodstock,

{IUMS FOR NEW SUBSCRIPTIONS |

_ Weare desirous of adding 1000 new subscriptions to our lists and in order to ac-
} complish this we make the following generous offers.

manufactured by Canadian Electric No-
velty Co., Toronto. Case made of metal
covered with leatherette; One half dozen
Stag Brand Rubber Frogs or Froggies;
One of Walter’s hand-made axes, handled.
Length of handle, 14 inches; A copy of
Camp Kits and Camp Life.

For Four New Subscriptions :
A pipe—HBB brand; An Automatic
Razor Stropper; A copy of Modern Sport-
ing Gunnery. :

For Five New Subscriptions
A Tobin Boy Scout Rifle—22 calibre,
short, long or rifle cartridges. Barrel 22
in. long, weight 334 pounds.

For Six New Subscriptions
A Minnow Pail manufactured by All-
cock Laight & Westwood; A Thermos
ottle.

For Seven New Subscriptions
as 10 ft. Fly Rod; A Younger Willow
air,

For Eight New Subscriptions
A Conklin Fountain Pen.

For Ten New Subscriptions
A Frost Improved Kelso Automatic Reel,
capacity 100 yards.

For Twelve New Subscriptions
A Stevens Favorite No. 17 Rifle; One
dozen Cleveland Battery Connectors.

For Thirteen New Subscriptions
A Bait Casting Rod.

For Fifteen New Subscriptions
A Marvel Petit Camera.

For Seventeen New Subscriptions
A Pair of ‘Witch Elk” Hunting Boots.

For Twenty-five New Subscriptions
A Handy Tent Cot, manufactured by
Cutten & Fraser, Toronto; A Korona
Petit Camera, size 3144 x 5%, manufactur-
ed by the Gundlach-Manhattan Co.

If you are interested write for sub-
scriptien blanks, sample copies, etc.

The subscription price of ROD AND
GUN is $1.50 per annum.

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eee ey

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Pam a
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910

Wooden Ships Economical.

The report goes on to say: “The inven-
tion of the internal combustion engine has
made it possible to furnish vessels with en-
gines of a lower power and more economical
in working expenses than the ordinary mar-
ine steam engine. Such engines have been
fitted in great numbers in the Scandinavian
countries into fishing vessels of the size of
our second-class boats, i.e. 18 to 20 foot
keel, and to a considerable extent in boats.~
equal to our smaller first-class boats i.e.,
with the keel from 30 to 45 feet long.”

There is no reason why boats of this Size,
and boats a good deal bigger, should not
be built equally well in Newfoundland, and
would be both cheaper to build and to keep
in repair than steel or iron boats. Mr. A.
M. Duggie, a Nairn fisherman, in his evi-
dence before the committee, comparing steel
with wooden boats, said: ‘We find that a
great expenditure is required to keep them
(i.e., steel) boats up, in comparison with the
wooden boats, because every time you do them
up you have got to put them on the dock,
whereas you could put the wooden boat on
the sandy beach.” In Newfoundland, where
there is plenty of wood, and where nearly
all the fishermen are expert boat-builders,
they could both build and repair their boats
themselves.

Fishermen Scarce.

The war has brought about a_ radical
change in the British fisheries, and a great
scarcity of fish. This has been intensitied
by the adoption of compulsory service, there
being fewer tishermen to catch fish, which
will soon be too dear for any but the well-
to-do. That is a serious state of affairs, and
every effort is being made to remedy it con-
sistently with naval defence. But fish can-
not be got without men, and without boats,
and both are wanted for sterner work. The
only way to get fish now is to bring it in
from outside sources, -and efforts have been
made for the last two years to show that it
can be got from Newfoundland, and to de-
vise some means of getting it.

During the Napoleonic wars, when food
was very dear, people had to live largely
upon fish, the thriftiest and cheapest food
there is; and for other reasons, besides those
of economy, the statesmen of that day did
all they could to bring it into general use.
A story is told of how Admiral Rodney
was dining one day with the Prince Reg-
ent, and a dish of herrings was on the table.
“Ah, your Royal Highness,” said he, *
would that herrings could be on every table
in the Kingdom. It would double the num-
ber of men for his Majesty’s navy.” “We
must see what can be done,” said the Prince,
“and we will call them ‘Rodneys’,’’ and so
for some time herrings were known as Rod-
neys.

Fisheries Crippled. ?

During the present war the navy is Just
as important and the price of food just as
high as it was then, but the altered methods
of naval warfare have prevented the same use
being made of fish; indeed, in great measure
they have stopped the use of it altogether.
The fisheries were crippled from the very
start, the greatest number of the fishermen

Tondof the Talia

ap 25

sweeping and o
being prohibited except in certain
areas. The average quantity of fish sen
daily to Billingsgate Market soon fell fror
over 1,000 to about three hundred tons, and
on some days it was less than that. This —
gives some idea of the diminution of the
catch; for if there is a shortage at Billings-
gate there is sure to be a greater shortage
elsewhere. The rich can still buy fish, though —
at enhanced prices, but it has passed quite out —

of the reach of the poor, who are suffering
much distress from the loss of this cheap
form of food, upon which in normal times
they so greatly rely. No organized attempt,
however, has yet been made to obtain it —
from sources other than those usually drawn
upon.

-No such sources, at first sight, seemed
available; moreover, it seemed, the predica-
ment in which the British fishing interests
were placed through no fault of their own
would bring into existence an outside com-
petition, which, after the war, might con-
ceivably operate to the detriment of a great

national industry, and of the fishermen who

have been doing such magnificent work in
guarding the narrow seas. But as the war
has dragged on month after month, and
more men and more boats have been taken
for the navy, the supply of fish has dwindled
so much and has become so uncertain that
these considerations have lost their weight.
In every branch of industry vested interests
have been swept aside, have had to give way
to the greater interests of the nation as a
whole, and in no industries are national in-
terests so paramount as in those which have
to do with the production and supply of food.
Hunger is the greatest of all over-ruling
forces. Pe.
Government May Take Control.

The London Evening News, of Aug. 3rd
last, outlines in a few words the present
condition of the fish trade: “Scarcity of
supply, shortage of labor and difficulties of
transport mainly contribute towards the
record price at present paid for fish of all
descriptions.” In Germany the value has
been recognized from the first. The Baltic —
fisheries were early placed under Govern- ~
ment supervision and potatoes are only sold
if with so many potatoes are taken so many
herrings. So, too, in Austria; the fisheries
of the Adriatic have been taken charge of
by the Government, and fish is being sent
all over Austria-Hungary to relieve the
pressure upon meat. Similar steps may —

et have to be taken in England should ~
oodstuffs continue to rise in price in the ©
way they have been doing lately. It was
von Moltke who said that an army depends
upon its stomach—a nation certainly does, —
and effective organization of food is as es-
sential to success as organization of muni-
tions. Indeed, food may almost be said
to be a branch of munitions. ; 4

The British Government have acquired —

at — ©

ing the enemy; might it not be possible te

*

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know about

| Thebetter you

like-Gp ar,
BRAND

In 4, land 2 pound cans.
Whole— ground —pulverized—
also Fine Ground for Perco-
lators. 171

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TELLS HOW FAR YOU WALK |

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%

a tty Fs Oe a ey

THE AMERICAN PEDOMETER]

Regulates to Step and Registers Exact Dis- | :

tances ; Simple, Accurate, Durable.

of outdoor sport, and especia

to those who love WALKING.
Instructive because of value in
determining distances ; a neces-
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useful to SPO MEN. It
furnishes the true solution of
many a disputed question of
how far it is toor from various
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promotor because its
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GUARANTEED
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Seld by all Dealers or Direct

AMERICAN PEDOMETER COMPANY

802 CHAPEL ST., NEW HAVEN, CONN. -
E.j{& A. GUNTHER 00. - =

Torente, Canada
Agents for the Dominion of Canada

THE

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FOR ~
BRUISES

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Indispensable to every lover a

4
‘

organize our own fisheries at home and over-
seas, to feed ourselves? Fish, it must be
acknowledged, is in a totally different posi-
tion to meat. Long before the war the im-
portation of immense and regular supplies
of chilled and frozen meat had become an
established, and, indeed, a dominating factor
in the British meat market. There is no
existing trade of that kind in fish, and to
arrange as an untried experiment for the
acquisition and distribution of immense quan-
tities of fresh fish in the midst of the over-
whelming difficulties and uncertainties of
the war, is a problem of a very different kind,
and one which is naturally faced with con-
siderable hesitation.

But, as the war goes on the food question
is becoming increasingly urgent, and the
opinion is steadily growing that every avail-
able source of food supply should be drawn
aaa that more difficulties should not be
allowed to stand in the way; that if the food
is there the difficulties should and must be
overcome. If Germany had access to such
a source of supply as is contained in the New-
foundland waters, would she leave it un-
organized? Fish, it must be borne in mind,
ranks very high in food value. In the Times
resume of Britain’s food resources published
immediately before the war, in June, 1914,
it was stated that fish affords more nutri-
ment for a given sum than any other kind
of food. It is cheap as well as nutritious
and its present high price is causing more
suffering amongst the poor than the high
price of meat. There are hundreds of fam-
ilies in Wales, and in Manchester, Bradford,
and the other great manufacturing cities
of the North of England, to whom a supper
of chipped potatoes and fish used to be an
important item. Now they have to go with-
out it.

It was pointed out at a meeting held last
ear of the representatives of the -various
ishery interests that one great danger is that

if the supply of fish ceases the system of
distribution will cease with it, owing to the
ruin of the small fish dealers, and that when
the war is over it will be impossible to re-
sume fishing in the old way for some time
afterwards owing to the disappearance of the
means of distribution, which it will take years
to reorganize._ It was stated at the same
meeting that 50 per cent. of the small fish
shops had already been closed, and that
90 per cent. would be closed in another six
months. It is to be hoped that that pre-
diction has not quite come true, but things
are certainly bad enough. That is why

those interested in the fish trade are now |

anxious that fish should be brought in from
wherever it can be obtained—to keep the
small fish dealers going—that is far more

A correspondent writes that
shooting in New Brunswick was not a success
this fall-one of the reasons given being that
automobiles had made it easy for sportsmen
to reach the haunts of the partridge and to
shoot down these birds with ease from the
In some sections the partridges are
reported as scarcer this year than for a quar-

cars.

ter of a century.

important than any question of the e
which, outside competition may p *
have upon the industry after the war, =
Prices Are High. ‘2 oe

The manager of Messrs. Isaacs, the firm

which owns so many fish shops all over Lon-—

don, in an interview published in the Even-— a
ing News on Aug. 3rd last, said that if the
poor could be supplied as they used to be by
fish taken away in small quantities by the
costermongers it would help a great deal,
but the costermongers, he said, had dis-
appeared. He gave a comparison of prices
before and after the war, which shows how
immense the rise has been, a great deal more __
in proportion than that of any other kind
of food. Haddock, for instance, has risen

oe is Sag

from 2s a stone to 4s and 4s 6d. Skate
from 3s to 7s a stone. « Salmon from 1s 8d :
per pound to 2s 8d. Halibut, soles, plaice
and other flat fish, have all gone up pro-
portionately. 2
How great an effect such a rise in price
must have upon the general cost of living ©
may be estimated from the huge quantity
of fish consumed in normal times. In 1913
it reached a total of nearly 25,000,000 quin-
tals, vith a value of some 14,000,000 pounds, _ .
the number of men employed being over
100,000, whilst a great many more were
employed in the subsidiary trades, as sales-
men, fishmongers, fish porters, ice manu- —
facturers, etc., the total annual value of the 4
British fisheries, including these trades, be-
ing close upon 30,000,000 pounds. The 4
annual amount landed at Grimsby alone a
before the war, was 3,800,000 quintals. On
normal days between 700 and 800 tons were
landed and the ice manufacturers turned out
yearly as much as 200,000 tons of ice. Messrs.
Isaacs mentioned incidentally the great in-
convenience caused by the shortage of ice.
In Newfoundland, of course, there would
be no difficulty about the ice any more than
there 1s in Norway, though the proper stor-
age of ice would have to be arranged for.
What is needed to give work to all these
people is frequent supplies of the cheaper
kinds ot fish. Such supplies, it is believed,~
could be obtained from Newfoundland all
the year round in the form of cod, hake,
haddock, halibut, herring, salmon, flatfish,
and tuna, or horse-mackerel. It is con-
fidently expected that arrangements can be
made whereby from 200 to 300 tons of iced
fish can be collected in refrigerators at con-
venient points on the Newfoundland sea-
board, and sent to England every week of
the year, thus providing a new and certain
market for the products of the Newfound- —
land fishery, and helping to stimulate trade —
between the two countries to an extent not —
otherwise possible. oS

a " ~~
* ee bon!

5 4

partridge

ROD AND GUN IN CANEDE

| omg] lhe Camper's Own Book

| 1916—FIFTH SUCCESSFUL YEAR—1916

This is that BIG little book of the open—America’s new
outdoor manual, It comes to you bound as you see here. It is
“‘woodsy”” from cover to cover—stirred by lake-breezes and
tednlert of pine. It is endorsed by outdoor men everywhere.

Authors of country-wide repute have, with their enthusiasm
and familiar knowledge, aided its making. Dan Beard, Emlyn
M. Gill, Captain Kenealy, Oliver Kemp, Dr. E. H, Forbrush—
these and others join this camp fire council, They say their
say about a hundred little practical details that hold close interest for you; and they
spin a yarn or two by the way.

| “The Camper’s Own Book”’ measures 8x5 3 inches over all, It is a goodly gener-
ous volume with over 200 pages and 21 of the finest illustrations you’ve ever seen.
| Everybody should have a copy who believes that a day under the free sky makes the
|
|
|
|
|

Price $0 Cents:

pomp of emperors ridiculous, And you’re one—you know you are.

PRICE PER VOLUME

In the appropriate green T-cloth - - - - $1.00
Post-paid

| W.J. TAYLOR, LIMITED WOODSTOCK, ONT. _
L 7

a
: i a aap 11 co ee
By CHARLES STEDMAN HANKS “NIBLICK.” a
Author of ‘‘Hints to Golfers”
eeucal handbook for the woods, founded on many .camping trips with a varied assortment of
—— and after many kinds of game and fish. The veteran sportsman as well as the neophyte will read the
ok with preasiee and profit. It takes up camp cooking, outfit, illness in camp, shooting, fishing, trapping
and oaks woodcrait.
here are cross-headings pad each topic, and in addition there are conspicuous running head-lines giving
the FS Seas of each page. e index is also full and definite; moreover the chapters classify the information a
“0 Sarda the way the sportsmen is apt to need it. The book is the size and shape to slip conveniently into the 3
Pp
‘A valuable manual of every phase of out-door life. Offers athousand and one suggestions.”’ = Ve
—Boston Transcript. x
"A complete encyclopedia of the requisites for camping, practical and helpful, and should
drive ali who can get there to the woods.’’—N. Y. Sun.
CONTENTS: :
Preliminary Canter Some Lake Fish that Played with Me { ;
4 The Man Behind the Gun Some Deer that I Have Met ;
§ The Wangan Some Moose that I Know About =
Camps and Camp Fires Some Geese and Ducks that Flew Away =
- Camp Cooking Some Partridges that Taught Me a Thing or Two
What to Do if Lost in the Woods Some of the Pleasures of Trapping 3
Some Trout that taught me something about Angling Some Suggestions About Camping Out va
Some Black Bass, Sir, thai 1 Didn’t Get Some Remedies for Sickness or Resdentia in Camp. a
With 52 Illustrations in Tint 8vo. $1.62 Prepaid

W. J. TAYLOR, Limited

WOODSTOCK, ONTARIO

a ha

N_ the summer season the Province of
New Brunswick is a happy land, where
the sunny hours speed away on the feet

of delightful dreams. In the fall she is lovely
in her rich dress of brown: and in the winter,
when she is arrayed in her robe of virgin
whiteness, she is fair and charming; and if
she is then cold, her admirers do not feel that
her chillness is a chillness of heart.

This favorite Canadian haunt is preem-

inently a land of the holiday-maker and
sportsman. St. Andrews, where is situated

foReST GAME MaritiMe Province

the popular Canadian Pacific Algonquin
Hotel, and many other seaside places are
loved haunts of the bather and outdoor game
player during the holiday season of June,
July, August and September. No sooner
have the summer holiday folks and fishermen
left the province than the hunters of the big
game take their places, for at the opentig
of the big game season large numbers o
hunters of both sexes appear with their guns
amidst the thick forests of the land. New)
Brunswick is one of the most popular of the _

- - ROD AND GUN IN CANADA a)

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Hotel Griswold

PostaL HotTEL CoMPANY - PROPRIETORS

The Most modern and home like
hostelry in Detroit

Located in the centre of the shoe
ping district and within short walk-
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Come where YOU will be properly
taken care of at

REASONABLE RATES—
$1.50 and up, European.

Commenwealth Ave.
100 yards from Massachusetts Ave. car lines.

The Bistinrtive Boston House

A public house for those who demand the best
and prefer a homelike atmosphere.

Single rooms from $2. Combined sitting
room, bedroom and bathroom from $4.
Self contained suites. In summer

at a fixed price is served in the roof garden.

- Finest musical $B ope in the city: dancing every
evening. YOU will have MY personal attention.

GRISWOLD ST. and GRAND RIVER AVE.
DETROIT, MICH.

Fred Postal, Pres. - Chas. L. Postal, Sec’y.

S lobe trotters have been good enough,te sag
that the Puritan is\ene of the most attractwe and
comfortable hotels in the world.

Our booklet with guide to Boston on receipt
of your card. R. G. COSTELLO, MANAGER [=

HOTEL LENOX

North St., at Delaware Ave.
BUFFALO, N.Y.

Meet me at the TULLER—For Value, Service, Home Comforte

New HOTEL TULLER |
DETROIT, MICHIGAN |

Center of business on Grand Circus Park. Take
Woodward car, get off at Adams Avenue

A modern, fireproof and distinctive hotel of ABSOLUTELY F IREPROOF
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CLOSE TO A BIG CITY'S ;BUSINESS Two Floors—Agents’ New Unique Cafes

Write for complimentary ‘‘Guide of Buffalo and Niagara Sample Rooms and Cabaret ExcelJente

ac. A. MINER, - Ect Managing Director ——— Oe eet

aS
ave

Canadian provinces for big por \
Moose, caribou and deer are plentiful
region.
A magnificent specimen of big game is»
the moose. When fully grown he weighs
over 1,000 lbs. His massive antlers are long
and generally average six feet in width. He
may be found in twelve of the fifteen counties
of the province. It is only the hunting folks
and the wary guides who know how to hunt
the moose. There is the “‘calling’’ done
early in the season, and the “still hunting”
done later on—in the cold weather. In Sep-
tember and October the moose is often sur-
prised and shot wading in the lakes and
rivers, feasting on the roots of water plants.
While pursuing the moose, the hunter can
distinguish between the tracks of the male
and the female, for the male leaves round
tracks and those of the female are somewhat
pointed. Fredericton, Havelock, Newcastle,
Bathurst, iat and Perth are good

in t

starting points.

A graceful antlered monarch of New Bruns-
wick is the caribou. He weighs about 600
lbs. on an average. It is a delightful sight
to watch him stride at a walking rate, or trot,
or gallop over the country. A full grown
caribou stands from four and a half to five
feet in Eeignt Of this animal there are two
varieties, the woodland and the barren ground
species. The woodland is somewhat taller
than the other and its color is darker about
the body, but the horns are lighter. It is
generally found in herds of about half a dozen.
The barren ground caribou travels in large
herds, and its coat is light. This kind is
noted for its migratory habits. In New
Brunswick the places where the hunters are

Nepisiguit, and Tobique Rivers
ing points for these areas 2
Campbellton, Bathurst, Chatham Perth, ©
all of which are reached by the E ndston
Branch of the Canadian Pacific. = = ==
There are few localities in New Brunswick __
where a deer may not be located. Like the
moose and the caribou he gives those who ©
follow him an interesting and pleasant sport. __
Sportsmen desirous of hunting the big —
game of New Brunswick may secure goo
accommodation at the homes of their guides.
Good hotels and boarding houses are also
available.
The season for the ae oe of the moose,
caribou, and deer opens on September 15th
and continues to November 30th. Shooting
on Sunday is prohibited by law. Non-resi-
dent hunters must be accompanied by a
licensed guide. The license to kill one bull
moose, one bull caribou, and two deer cost
bona fide resident of the province $3 and non-
pieeue $50. Hunting with hounds is for-
idden.

This year the opening of the big game sea-
son was marked by the exhibition for sale on
St. John market of moose and deer meat.
In recent times there has been a considerable
reduction in the number of males amongst
the larger New Brunswick game, and the

eople are betowy alive to the necessity
for being more careful. Indiscriminate shoot-
ing is being checked to some extent at all
events, and it has been suggested that the
sale of the meat of big game on the markets
should be stopped to discourage the hunter
who hunts for the purpose of making money.

IMPROVEMENT OF GAME LAWS

PROHIBITION OF THE SALE OF GAME
BY SEVERAL PROVINCES

That the trend of game protective legisla-
tion throughout Canada is distinctly toward
restricting, and ultimately prohibiting the
operations of market hunters, is clearly mani-
fested by recent amendments to the game
laws of Ontario, Manitoba and Saskatchewan.
In Ontario the sale of water-fowl and of quail
partridge, woodcock and snipe is prohibited
until the autumn of 1917. Manitoba and
Saskatchewan have gone much farther and
the effect of their present laws is to prohibit
the open sale of practically all game in any
season of the year.

The market hunter is the recognized guer-
rilla of destruction with regard to wild life,
and the traffic in dead game is responsible
for at least three-quarters of the slaughter

For building bungalows and cabins in the
woods, it is sometimes desirable to use logs
with the bark attached. By cutting the
logs in the fall. or winter, they will’be found
to have the bark most closely adhered. Bark
peels most readily during the spring and

that has reduced the game birds of North ~
America to a mere remnant of their former
abundance. Nearly all the provinces of
Canada have placed restrictions upon the
market gunner, by prohibiting the sale of
game entirely, or during certain seasons.
Unfortunately, in most instances, such laws
have been enacted only as an extreme resort
to protect depleted species from virtual ex-
tinction. In view of the disastrous and
inevitable results of allowing the market
hunter to carry on his destructive occupa-
tion, the logical procedure is to anticipate and
prevent the result by prohibiting market
gunning before it has succeeded in reducing
our splendid resources of wild life to the
verge of extinction.

early summer season, when the trees make ~
their most rapid growth. At that time the ~
cambium, the soft, tender layer between the ~
bark and the wood, is most active, and facili- —
tates the separation of the bark from the
wood. 4

Re NQwey e

It is easilyidone—Among the innumerable snow-covered hills in and around
quaint old Quebec. There is nothing like the rush through the crisp winter
and the tense excitement of the? jump and thefdelightful relaxation as the
blood tingles merrily through your veins. Then you can go tobogganing, on Duf-
ferin Terrace, Snowshoeing, Sleighing and Bob-sleighing, and come home to
the solid comfort of a fine Hotel. The Chateau Frontenac is the centre of the
gay social life of old Quebec.

For booklet and information, apply to any Canadian" Pacific Railway Agent, or Manager,
Chateau Frontenac, Quebec.

F.L. HUTCHISON

Manager in Chief
of Hotels,

Canadian Pacific Ry.
MONTREAL, QUEBEC

- ; att
ae eee a

The ——— ‘Ja

WINTER TOURS TO
~ CALIFORNIA

and all Pacific Coast Points.
FLORIDA, TEXAS, NEW ORLEANS, ETC.

Winter Tours Tickets now on sale. Stop over privilege allowed.
Apply to any Agent of the Company for particulars.

G. T. BELL, W. S. COOKSON,
Passenger Traffic Manager, General Passenger Agent

Be Montreal. Montreal. |

hy alt
Wag

Mh toe bs
BV LATE

—

Grand International Handicap Shoot, St. Thomas
Dec. 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8. a

FIRST DAY, MONDAY, DEC. 4TH.
PBA ‘dark, cloudy day greeted the big throng of trap
shooters from every nook and hamlet on the continent
for the opening of the pane international handica
shooting tournament held by the St. Thomas Gun Clu
at the Driving Park traps.
Conditions were none too good for the smashing
of the wary clay targets, which are elusive enough on
a bright sunny day, let alone trying to find them
against a cloudy sky for a background. Despite this
however, there were no end of remarkable high scores
registered when the tabulator ended his day.

Amateurs Good.

myFrank S. Wright, the Buffalo expert, led the amateur
men, sending 97 targets out of 100 to destruction.
a anky missed one clay in the opening event and then
one again in each of the last two events. Oscar
Funderburk, the Detroit past-timer, came to life again
this year, and it is quite apparent that he can shoot in
any sort of weather as he found 96 out of 100. “Burk,”
as he is more commonly called, is a high-class amateur
and always makes his opponents step at shoots like
this as well as at home. Wright, who last year was
rated the third high So for the season’s average, shot
remarkably well. H. J. Pendergast, the New York

Mater, was third high gun among the amateurs.
Nineteen men out of 53 who competed on the 4th
all garnered age over 90 per cent. :
F. E. Koch, the Iowa expert, who two years ago
was the sensation, finished well up on the 4th with 94
targets, while Coburn, who cleaned up last year, got

only 91.
Canadians Well Up.

Among the Canadians well up were Fred Kerr, of

Crediton; Wes Hart, of Dresden, and Joe Jennings, of
Todmorden. It was peculiar that they all turned
in scores of 93 each. Jim McCausland, of London,
broke 83, but for a young amateur did well considering
the weather. Sam G. Vance, of Ta broke
85, as did Theo Wigle, of Kingsville. It would be just
as well not to forget mentioning the gunners’ best
friend, Nelson Long, of Hamilton, who got 92.

Bills Best Professional.

F. G. Bills, the Chicago professional, led the way
for the big leaguers, with an almost perfect tally,
breaking 99, missing only one in the first event. Next
to him came H. Kennicult, with 97; J. D. Boa, of
Montreal, with 93; Sim Glover, with 92: Roland Day,
the London pro., found it most difficult to find the
targets with his double-barrelled glasses and con-
sequently broke only 75. It_was_a race between
George Dunk, of Toronto, and E. G. White, of Ottawa,
for the medium trophy for the salaried experts.

A. O. Heikes, the daddy of the traps, from Cin-
cinnati did not start off as well as he did a year ago,
but give the old-timer a bright day and then watch
the sparks fly.

SECOND DAY, TUESDAY, DEC. 5TH. :

The second day of the international trap shooting tournament found slightly better weather for the experts —
and good smashing of targets was recorded during the ten 20-target events. N. P. Arie, of Thomasboro, Ill,
won the amateur high gun honors, breaking a total of 196 targets out of 200 shot at. W. H. Patterson, of Buffalo,
was second, with 193, while W. Ridley, of White Chow, Iowa, and J. Wesley Hart, of Dresden, Ont., were both |
tie for third place, with 192. Coburn, of Ohio, was fourth, with 190. i ‘ ; :

J. R. Graham, of Chicago, led the professionals, with 192, being tie with Fred Bills, a Chicago, with 192 apiece. ;

Sim Glover also broke 190. The scores:

Shot at 20 20

een WY ELS Sh sons 5. Seg ueealte a Nate Rea iee ET 20
SDT ee eee ce 17
ia B Elealey.. <2.2.2--..21. pe Se CES Fe See te 20
5a. MOMAIISOR =f 8. AD sa- ook be 18
Geo. Cashmore ........... 20
W.H. Patterson ......... i d 20
HeSo Wright 6505..051. : : 20
JP, SeNNMPS - <.5.52..:.52 y 20
Keron PSH ee sc. ih es a 19
SS En i 20
OS ot BAS Re ee er 19
—_ Sy See 23 | | Ca eee 20
D. Wadsworth .......... 19
jee ee LE Foy ee eee ce eo 18

The opening of the meet was most successful, despite
the adverse weather conditions. A great many new
faces were on hand as well as shooters, who alw:
frequent this meet with their smiling faces and portly

rofiles. There were as many spectators as shooters.

he scores for the 4th were: q
; Shot at 20 20 20 20 20 20 Brk

PEN Go We, Are eee 16 16:°20 ives a,
W.H. Huntley 1413 17 4-3
A. F. Henley: 2.2 aici eects 19 20 18 17-325
1. i. Thompson 17 16 17 13—77 —
*G. C. Ashburne 20 19 19 17—94 —
W.H. Patterson 17 19 18 19—92 5
B50 WVTIGRE | shctetstneeees 20 20 19 19—97
JES, Jenumangs 055 atch 19 20 19 17—93 |
Ge NGBISH. 2. 5-0 cred 19 20 18 16—92 §
S. G. Vance..... 17 19 17 16—85
*J.S. Boa rk 19 20 18 18—93_
SR GBs! Sal a aes 20 20 20 20—99

D. Wadsworth 16 17 16 20—86
Hi J. Pendergast x). .5,cp0:0 18 19 20 19 19—95
+3) Kennienlt 4.4.52 88scees 19 20 20 19 39—9755
©» Garotifter}*... kere 16 18 16 18 18—86
CD. 17 19 20 18—91
Boi Rocha cubic panies 19 19 18 19—94 —
W. Ridley: ..........: 18 20 19 17—92 —
S. Wainwright ......... 17 19 17 18—89 ~
MaP Anes 3. cores 19 18 20 18—93
ASB Kirby s4ic% 18 20 17 17—90
2 Bawikirne 5.2 16 19 15 18—84 —
A. O:; Heikes'::.3.2...: 16 19 18 19—91 3
Jay Graham ........... 16 19 18 18—89
7G lM Dank. 53.0% 18 18 18 19—88& —
We 'Ct Vail 2 8. 18 18 19 16—89 —
*Sim Glover ............ 19 18 19 18—92
W.J. McCance 15 16 17 17—81 4

Nelson Long .............. 19 18 18 19—92 —

Joh Pllbent 2.3 sa: 15 18 18 17—8

J. M. Broderick 16 20 16 16—84

ibs. cavern: <-> hee AE 16 15

W. J. Marshall ad 14 .16 18

G. Meyers 13’ be

W. Dillon 19 18 18

[Pe Bye) ee ae 1VS18 ia

Theo Wigle 20 18 15

O. Funderburk 20 20 19

J. Summerhayes 6). 4

BY KRierr 3.3353. \ aee a ee 19 20 17

W. J. Stotts ..... U7 :AROSE

We OW: Hart 2258 20 20 18
sof 5 By eR ee 15, 42 4Z

J. McCausland 16 19 18

JD Smiths o> 17.16 (dz

F. AP Dolson ..o8. ana 19 17 18

W. D. O’Loane..... 17 16 18

W.H. Phillips ..... 2 8 3

D. McGregor ....... 2 1 =

A. €. Gonnor ....... 17 20 19

Got Halk 2s 17 19 16

FY. Ge Daag 5c. Se 19, 14 DF

*Professionals. ¥

(© qanual of practical inform-

ation for sportsmen of today
With Over 250 Illustrations

Mc dern
ee
Containing Chapters on the following:

Sporting
A Retrospect, Modern Shotguns, Shotgun

Gunn ery Ammunition, Modern Sporting Rifles, The
a New Accelerated Express Rifles and Axite
Powder, Ball and Shot Guns and Their Dev-

. — ,elopment, The Sighting of Rifles, Sporting )
> Bullets, Miniature Rifles For Match, Target ' a
| and Sporting Purposes, Gun Fitting, Game Tae
| By HENRY SHARP Shooting in Great Britain, Wild Fowl Shoot- - y te
} Author of “The Gun A field ing in Great Britain, The Sportswoman; Her Rea
eee Afloat,” “Practical Rationale in the Field and Her Eqn ae kage
ee reerounling,” Etc. Ladies in the Field, Shooting Abroad. ;

Si

ADDRESS: k

| Will be sent postpaid onZreceipt of price, $2.00

BOOK DEPT, ROD AND GUN IN CANADA, WOODSTOCK, ONT. a

Se
| Best\Books Published For Automo-

Five Complete and

| bilists and Motorcyclists . . . Distinct Works

|

Aa oa of pa. the following publications are the greatest values of
their kind on the market.

|

Works are almost indispensable to—OWNERS, STUDENTS, OPERA-
i” TORS, BUILDERS, SALESMEN OR REPAIRMEN.

4 . While technical, are written in simple language. Practical and convenient works of refer-
ence. Used as part of Standard Courses at leading Automobile Schools in the United States.
Approved and recommended by many of the leading American motor car makers and their
agents. Thisrecommendation is a guarantee of the educational value of these works.

om The A.B.C. of Motor Car Operation. .50c The A.B.C, of Battery Ignition Systems
a MASS 07. OF- Dntertial Compmetiom, Fema 2) i ic ols ciheielere ola s wae bism 0e.e) = + cilevbisyeete 259
ie gine, Maintenance and Repairs. ..25c¢

The A.B.C. of Magneto Ignition Sys- *The A.B.C. of Aerial Navigation, a work

} Rs. MOMNERPNET LS) ye orice ahavevare mhay eh etajel Sve reye) ate aie 15c that is up-to-date................ 5@c

*In this book the Engineering Science as applied to Construction of Aerial
Craft and the Essential Principals Governing Aviators are Summarized.

ADDRESS ALL ORDERS TO

P Ww. J. TAYLOR Ltd., Book Dept., Woodstock, Ontario, Canada

SEY Baie Ca CS" hd

*H. Kennicutt aces ei pel nwbbecs eevevndec Gu ntdoen gt
GO. Carruthers (55. ae ee
%, D. Coburtt Sy.di...ccs een
Pe OCH yh isn Rhcercaee aa 19

IY co BRIO i .Fea., .sinjn chic cain le fuse aoc 19 4
Se WE WrIgnt “oo: cao cciiiss plete cee! 18 1
N. Parie...... 20 20
Ee TOMES coi woah A Eo 19 18
BSORUT WANG «08.53, ««reckesedvepcabcli ante eee 14 16

wi SDS C1 CO eer eR IT CT Te 18 19

Peet CAPODOM 5. Adee tale mE eee 18 20

SL OPO IO Sirs REN Yt 19 20
ARIECREN VE YAD n.00t vie crcinsccvvigas Sete Tn 20 17
Sim Glover .......... 19 18
W.J.McCance........... 18 18
Nelson Long ...........0...0... 18 19
vis, PROPS 2 6 17
US LR EE RDS Ee. 18 18
J. Summer hays... eceeccceeceeees ng 18
RTI CROOK 55650 ee ac 5 17
aR TE | a ae AR a, I~ 5 15
PAM iad eee tor N's, ea ee 15 17
EL Se EN a ee REL EL AN 19 18
1G SSS AT gS Oe Ee IS eI, peo Te eS 18 20
ELEM RSS FE ae Tap oes Crate By 20 19
ee RORIROR)*. 7 ocho eee Ge 19 20
Un EOS RE aR TE Ba a 19 19
(ES TS REE ORE RR RE CS RR Sere 17 15
Lg) Re SE ARS a a ee 19 17
Sh, ied ECE SER ESS RD TRE INE ENT 18 17
ES SS OPS CR HOR i BRR AR Se 19 18
Ree PRI ee es SA Re Fe ROY 16 15
EES COS TOR: 16 17
ESTEE cE eR SOOT Se aa ie ala 19 18

ESET get Ea SESE EIN eta 14 8

Ld ae SR Re RS RE A i ge ee 15 13

*Professional.

THIRD DAY, WED. DEC. 6TH.

The blue clay target championships were decided
on the third day, when H. Pendergast, of Phoenix,
N.Y., won the international championship at 16 yards,
while Dr. A. D. Kirby, of Urbana, IIl., won the in.
ternational handicap. Kirby’s title was won in a shoot
off with Sam G. Vance, of Tillsonburg, Ont., gaining
19 out of 20 to 17 out of 20 by the vanquished.

Sunny, But Windy Day.

The day was much brighter, the sun doing nobly
throughout the morning and afternoon, but a tricky
wind played havoc with the clays, accounting for the
general run of low tallies registered.

Mr. Pendergast, who blew into this shoot late last
year, broke 95 out of 100, three other amateurs, however
giving him a run, losing but one more target than he.

. S. Wright, of Buffalo; N. P. Arie, of Thomasboro,
and Nelson Long, of Hamilton, each got 94. Cain,
Ridley and J. E. Jennings, of Toronto, were third high
a: with 93 while Coburn and Patterson each smash-

Bills Best Pro.

F. G. Bills, of Chicago, again led the professionals,
breaking 97 targets while Roland Day, the London
pro., came next, with 93, and J. S. Boa, of Montreal
and Daddy R. O. Heikes of Cincinnati, were tied for
third high, éach getting 92. The scores for the cham-
a were much better than those made in the

andicap, as the wind became more stormy towards

sundown.
Canadians Well Up. s

Messrs. Kirby and Vance were tied, with 88 targets
each in the handicap, the former standing three yards
nearer to the trap, but his style in the shoot-off was
deliberate, breaking his aoe more decisively than
the Canadian star. This little set-to was most difficult
as it was held with the sun very low and many targets
were only sighted with difficulty.

Theo Wigle, of Kingsville; C. O. Carrothers and C.
Summerhayes of Toronto, were all tied for second
honors, with 86 targets, while Hall and W. J. Marshall
and Perry all broke 84, but Balberne was third, with 85.

Boa 11 Handicap.

J. S. Boa, the Montreal star, led the pros., with the
best score in the event, breaking 89 targets. Rolla
Heikes was second and Roland Day third.

Trophy Winners.

The trophies for the high guns each day were
awarded to Frank Wright, of Buffalo, and N. P. Arie, of
Thomasboro, while the gold watches went to Pender-
gast and Kirby. The scores:

International Championship.
16 13 14 16 16—75

*E. G. White

F. W. Dillon 14 17 14 19 16—80
A. F. Healey --18 16 15 16 15—80
16 17 17 17 16—83

A.A. Thompson

Sak

eed

~~

Be
SS

Sanh Bc : 7

19 1 20
19 19
19 16 14
20 19 20
7 13 18
“4 18 15
9 19 16
0 19 20
6 17 17
9 19 19
20 19 19
6 14 19
20 18 20
19 18 15 18 18
18 19 16 19 20
17 20 19 10 17
20 14 14 19 15
20 14 16 18 15
19 19 18 18 17
19 18 19 16 20
17 19 16 16 19
20 17 18 16 17
18 15 16 17 15
19 17 18 18 16
17 16 16 12 17
18 19 15 18 19
20 20 18 19 16
16 19 15 15 19
17 18 15 16 19
15 20 17 4 19
LZ 17 18 17 18
17 15 17 18 18
16 13 16 ate eas
GG
W.H
F.S. Wright
a fs oe
F. Fi
S.G.
*J.S.B
*F.G. Bi
A. Wadsworth
W.P
AP*Rennicult... See. . es 17
GO. G Carothers: 2h ne 16
Dy Cobia 32s eae dae 18
RO PROGH RO) 754 a eee 16
Wi: Bidley is 000. 0 oad 18
Sy Wainwright 2705) a8 05 a 16
Be Arie 82 ea a 19
Bip Ke irbay et Pel os eee 18
40 WHeikes) {2 a ee 19
Jay Graham" [355 eee 15
*G. Mi Dank..) 224.5. ee, 14
a Wigler. 5 2 See eae 16
West MecGance 2 a coe 14
So Glower 48> 22. a ee Ua 17
INNS hong fe 52 ea e 17
J: Eebberts, io. rp Se ee 16
JS Page ke..5.i con eee 17
J.Summerhayes Be
J. Broderick ....... wap
J.J. Marshall 16
earalh <2 PSs 19
Funderburk .... .19
Ee 8 tee 20
O. C. Connor ........ 16
oe err 8 oe a ae 17
Fh SLOLES Gee ate 14
UR WRORIARE 9 oA ah ee oe 17
*Roland Day... ae ee 19
J.S. McCausland ....:............. 19
WW WV Ee SO A 18
Dr: Wislaw so oe 13
oY OUR ee er Se 13
C. Summerhayes .................... 17
EE. Nabons. 542. eae 15
EL smth’ 402.4 08865 Ue 17
PSE. Saleen aes, ale 15
DamkSmnriht 7605 ean ee 14
$5. SL GIINEER ee ED 17
Whomson sO es ae 13
IW 2EDR Or tame. oh 2" a re 14
Mrs WO’ Loatie 5 =. t. 12
PETC G oe eae eos, 16
WIOYIOR orn ee See ae 11
Rago Fo Sc eee ee oa 3
i Walbrock (2.20 ces an 13
G.MelIntosh? 0.3.2.3 2 19
*Professionals.

PR pe peepee y eed te trend |
SINTOID ONIDNIW CO COM MNICOUIM O00 OOS]

Sell od
ow

SSHnnrDmosonnns
SINS RSassnonSnaa sassy

allele ion!
AMOIMNIONI
me
ba |

-J. Jennings ..
o. G. Vance

17 yards,
17 yards,
-17 yards,
17 yards,

Thea Wigle ... a ;
wards, WJ. McCance....2:........ccsc..-0 *Professional.

: FOURTH DAY, THURSDAY, DEC. 7TH.
_____Thursday’s shooting was confined to pigeons, and only a 10-bird event was all that was completed, as the
grand international handicap of 20 birds was postponed until the following morning after about 12 of the 20 had
been shot at. Darkness and rain prevented further shooting after 4 o’clock. ‘ 5 Y
_, Twenty-six shooters participated in the morning event, but a greater number competed for the big champien- awe,

p.
_ Four experts registered ag es scores, each getting 10 birds, while one secured nine and six got eight out of 7
€ possible 10. C. O. Burk, of Detroit, was the first man to get 10 in the first squad, while O. C. Connor of as
Springfield, Ohio, in the second squad, also got the total. F. Kerr, of Crediton, and H.;Smith, of Chatham, upheld Peay?
_ the end for the Canadians at the shoot by bagging 10 as well. 25

Kimball, Brown, Arie, Pendergast, Long and Dolson secured eight. The scores: ‘ : te

Killed. Tay
2 2 2 22 2 2 2 2 2—1 At.
2 0 Zz 0 0 0 1 0 2— 5 i
0 0 2 1 2 0 2 0 o— 5
1 1 2 1 1 74 2 0 2— 9
0 1 pA 2 2 1 1 0 1— 9 fs
0 0 0 2 1 1 2 0 o— 5
PA 1 1 1 1 ee 1 2 2—10
2 2 1 2 1 1 0 1 0— 8
Zz 1 0 2 24 Pe 2 0 2— 8
2 2 0 2 % 2 0 2 0O— 7
1 2 1 2 y 0 2 0 2— 7
2 2 2 2 2 0 P4 0 2— 8
0 0 2 0 1 0 1 0 2— 6
2 2 0 1 1 0 0 2 2— 7
1 0 1 1 2 0 2 1 2— 8
1 0 0 0 2 0 1 1 Oo— 4
2 2 0 2 2 0 0 2 2— 7
0 0 0 0 1 0 1 2 I— 5
2 2 1 1 1 2 2 1 2—10
1 0 0 1 0 2 2 1 1— 6
2 0 1 2 2 1 0 2 2— 8
1 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 2—10 —
0 1 1 0 5 0 1 0 1— 5
2 0 2 2 2 a 0 £ 2— 7
ks 0 0 1 2 2 1 1 0 o— 5
2 2 0 2 - 0 1 2 2— 6

8
eas ; ; FIFTH DAY, FRIDAY, DEC. 8TH. _
Canadians furnished all the classy shooting on the last day of the grand international ‘trap shoot, when J.
nean Smith of Chatham, beat George Kimball, of Bryanston, in the shoot-off for the international pigeon
idicap and the gold watch. The finish was most exciting as both high guns did not dare to miss a bird in the
on of the program, which was held over from the preceding day. Smith and Kimball killeu the last eight
finished with 19 out of 20. The former iineod his fourth bird, while Kimball lost his twelfth flapper in
usk and rain of the night before.

mith won the title in easy fashion, as Kimball, stood facing the crowd of spactators joshing them not to bet
much on his chances and called “‘pull’’ for his first bird before he really got properly set. He hit the bird, 2
y. big fellow, with his first shell and with the second, but it fell out 0. bounds. Smith got his next one easily
e 1916 title went to Chatham,
Smith, another Chatham sportsman, bagged 18 birds for second high honors. Robert Coffey, of St.
mas, last year’s champion, was among the eight gunners to get 17 birds. Arie, ener and Wadsworth
the Americans, who secured 17, while the Canadians were F. Stotts, F.Kerr, S. Green, Brown and Coffey.
George Kimball, the honey king of North Middlesex, formerly reeve of the township, killed his birds well
ailed 13 out of the 19 with a single shell, while J. Duncan Smith secured nine with one shell.
the final ten-bird event four men secured totals, F. Stotts, F. Kerr, R. Coffey and N. P. Arie being the best
farewell. Pendergast and Duncan Smith were second, with nine each, while Messrs. Kennicult, Hall,
ck, S. Webb and Dr. Kirby landed eight a piece. The shoot was most successful despite the rather poor
er which prevailed and Club Manager W. J McCance, deserves no end of credit. Thc scores: :
poe

922

PR SCARABOVUANE:-, los cave ova vndevesedactabetante
J. McCoig
N. P. Ari

H. Pendergast
A. Wadsworth
F. Stotts .........

_ 38 pera
Summerhayes
S. Webb

Final

AVE yc soph nce sora sd loeceseicaet DD DNB Sra 2
AS WVG@ONWOFER 5.052h.66c60.-.dcccecee 222 OOF
ROMER TE SON FS bcd cove head cdeads 24) 1.2 2
21 SO ea eo 2.21.0; 2:24
PPCEEMINES WEEE co 0 Co afi dcancot tse sdnc estes 207 2).052 ne
“i Pe Sa EES ene nee ee ee 2 Aye 2a
BIOWARE Pecos fs ss hecaces sc 12 22) 3) d-2

Bedwell Was High Gun at Mimico Shoot. J. Kay

The Mimico Beach Gun Club held its regular shoot
on Saturday afternoon, No. 18.
high gun.

RAED ROS eect Sere eos icey ccs aSc cee suseaeaedleavbeassstonuees 50
LP 0 SLES ek eS Oo ee eae ee 50
Stoerar .... 25
Bedwell .. {280
DERE) A Enc ase AR san fontatasvecscanevectecthcceert 25

Mimlico Club Shoot.
The following were the scores for Dec. 2nd:
Shek

On Dec. 16th,the scores were as follews:
ot at

NONE NNY NENNHENCOMNONHNHOONHKONONNN

ROCK HOON ONRKONONNEYNONNNNES

Mr. Bedwell being

-

NONEHO: NORHRHENNONNSHN: Non

cm

e<
*

NOCH HHO DORN HH ORNNNOONNS
NNOKNEHNOHENNNENNONESSONNN

COP ON N OND OHH OMNONNONNONKE
MONOHNONNENNNESSNNNCONNNO pF
NONNK ORR DN HEH NRKHONNNNNHKONND
NNNNEOOROCONHNNENOONNOHOON ©
NOCOMPNNNNNHENNNENENNENNEOO Pp
COONNS: NONHENENENNNEEN: NEN
mRHNOCOS: NNNEHXONNNSNNNN:

WENNOO: SeNONKONNONNNN

ENN eet: COMM OONEHHENDHON:

11
1—17
.— 5
2— 9
2—17
o—14
1—14
o— 8
o—15
en-Bird Event.
> 2-10, (G. Mcintosh: it aes 0201022012—7
) 0-— "7 “Hi Walbrock) 28. oi:ic keen 1201102212—8
Bed aylons.. isc eters 00202101226
2 1—10— Marlatt 2.5.2 ewes eseonne 0200022010—5
2 1— "9: ASG. Connor so... cies 00222022227
2. 2— & (Re Gofleyie i. iaisiicG aes 222121211 2—10
1) 2—.8. Gi Kimball? ......cc.cgsesss 000100101 1—4%
2: 0—. 92 (BF. Dolson ie. .s.iiiisscscvececeeesee 022100222 1—i,~
Das geatebtbebtecscbeoseeenenbacleaeeea a were eae 75
Drew) Ch. ape ee aaa ....40 32
lena Ret Ss 2
Ritay wash as
otat Broke. Catton <1 e oes 30 20
os Father Doherty ................ 25 12
25 Balmy Beach Gun Club- F
ae The reguiar weekly snoot of the Balmy Beach Gun
58 Club was held as usual on their grounds
30 Avenue, on Saturday, Nov. llth. A good turnout
31 of members and friends was present and some g'
39 scores were made. E. C. Crompton won the spoon.
31
17
30
38
28
47
34
21
33
28
11
72
14
as a
The regular weekly shoot of the Balmy Beach Gun |
eae * Club was held on their grounds, Eastern Avenue, On —
60 Nov. 18th. large turnout of members and their
88 friends were on hend and some good scores were made,
75 taking into consideration the high wind —G. Burrows —
41 won the spoon shoot and W. F. Hodgson the umbrella.
68 The scores: Sts d
35 a a
9 é ;
= W.S. Lansing...
93 E.H,. Watt .
19 oe F. Hodgson .
19
50 GaN:
25 T.D.
56 A. W.
28 F. A.
et
a Ek Rolph
. R. Rolp
cme S Recent: jr.
50 CG) &
21 H.W
i HR
35 W G
27 R.
62 Ss:
71 Gi
46 is3'
40 Aye

a

- ROD

AND

UR CONTINUOUS GROWING DEMAND FOR

| CANADIAN FURS
F Puts us in a position to pay you the
| highest market values at all times.

} | Ship us your furs and put your lowest
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, which are now ready. Price lists
| and tis are free. A postal will do. <g
j ot. Joseph Hide & Fur Co. _.<
|J 819-15-17-19 N.ara.se, SAP

2
mt

Joseph, Mo.,

., ge

CANADIAN

RAW FURS

WANTED

I want all the RAW FURS of all kinds that T can
get from all parts of Canada. Top notch prices and
satisfaction guaranteed on every shipment. I pa
all transportation charges on shipments of ten dol
lars or over. You will get your check by return mail.

Ship your RAW FURS into the tate of New
York and get what they are worth. Write for price
list and tags—they are free.

REFERENCE-Sherburne National Bank or any
Bank in the United States.
CHAPEL ST.,

i) C. H. MYERS, %°- 3

SHERBURNE, N.Y.

= —--- = =

Ae oo ay 3
GUN IN CANADA

es i
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Genuine Diamonds} —
CASH OR CREDIT '
Terms—$1-2-3 Weekly
The Jacobs Credit system en-
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Christmas presents without the

outlay of much money. A Diamond constantly in- Bb
creases in value and lasts forever

Write to-day for Catalogue, it Is free. vy

We send Diamonds to any part of Canada forinspection
at our expense. Payments may be made Weekly or
Monthly. We trust any honest person,

JACOBS BROS., Diamond Importers
15 Toronto Arcade Toronto, Canada

WY

Ask for our parcel post and railroad
map of U.S. and parts of Canada,
also free. You will be entitled to

the well-known Bolles & Rogers ser-
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entire season.
We Hold Furs Separate.

Address'all Letiers to

Bolles & Rogers

33 So.13™St. Omaha: Nebr

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52 Wellington St. East, TORON TO, Ont.

High Class

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They are being worn in the trenches
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2. Height required: 16 inch is regular height from sole of foot.
3. Size of calf. 4. Size of ankle.

MADE ONLY BYy—

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Stanley Gun Club.

The Stanley Gun Club held their first shoot of the
season on epee Nov. 11th. W. Stevens was high
man for the day, breaking 154 out of 175. ,

After the shoot the annual meeting and election
of officers for the season of 1916-17 took place, officers
being elected as follows:—

President—E. R. Rolph.

Vice-President—W. Bidwell.

Secretary—R. Whichello.

Field Captain—W. Joslin. :

Tournament Captain—J. Jennings.

Executive Committee—J. T. Eby, E. J. Marsh
E. F. Salisbury, C. E. Crompton, F. Hogarth and

Ww. Hughes.
Here are some of the scores:—

Shot at. Broke.
.. 100

80
125 107
100 88
100 88
100 82

TRADE

Readers of Rod and Gun are familiarfwith the Ideal
Reloading Tools for reloading rifle, pistol and shotgun
ammunition. This business was established over
thirty years ago by Mr. John Barlow and recently has
been engaged in by the Marlin Arms Corporation.
Under pressure of machine gun production this Cor-

ration in October last sold out their reloading tool

usiness to Mr. Phineas M. Talcott, who has been
described as a “gun crank’’ and personally for many
years has been closely in touch with the Ideal busi-
ness. Correspondence and orders for Ideal Tools
and requests for the Ideal Hand Book should be ad-
dressed to the Ideal Mfg. Co., 103 Meadow St., New
Haven, Conn. and will have prompt attention.

The Remington Arms Company in the last two
thee has had such a large increase in business and has

ad to meet such unprecedented conditions that there
have necessarily been changes in the organization and
additional men have had to be brought in to meet the
new demands.

A Managing Committee has recently been ap-
pointed consisting of Mr. Samuel F. Pryor, Mr.
G. M. P. Murphy, Mr. James H. Perkins and Mr.
W. E. S. Griswold. Mr. Pryor, who has been Presi-
dent of tae Company, has been elected Chairman of
the Managing Committee and Mr. Henry S. :
formerly President of the American Zinc, Lead &
Smelting Company, has been elected President of the
Company. Mr. C. S. Hawley, formerly President of

Perereeer tere

OR e EERE E eRe R ERE E RHEE EERO EE TERRE EEE EERE TEER EERE ES EES

© epee

Stanley Gun Club Hold Three Events. =

A good turnout of members and friends were p'
at the Stanley Gun Club’s shoot on Saturday afte
Dec. 2na. he first event of the monthly handicap
shoot, 25 targets, was shot off. Including hand ;
the scores in this event were as follows:—Out of
targets—W. Stevens, 23; A. E. Millington, 24;
Blackstock, 25; E. J. Marsh, 24; N. Norman, 24
Hughes, 25; E.R. Rolph, 21: A. Tomlin, 22; E. F.
Salisbury, 25: E. C. rompton, 24; P. McMartin,
G. Scheibe, 20; W. Joslin, 22; F. Hogarth
Neundorf, 22; oe Os Jennings, 25.

A few of the members also shot at the doubles with
good results. ‘oe

In the regular events the scores were:—

Shot at
W.. Stevens. <i casei assis. stscsciovsco essen eee 50
A.E. Millington ................... PRR 125
W. G. Blackstock. .......:c.5-.. cause oa eee 100
Fes Dis Maral 220i oe eaet ee eee ...100
G. Scheibe ............ 65
N. Norman.. 100 .
E.R. Rolph . 100 .
P. McMartin 75
W. Hughes... 00
A. Tomlin ......... 100
E. C. Crompton 100,
E. F. W. Salisbury 100
W. Joslin................ 75 |
F. Hogarth aes |, |
SOLE sos c os dark Aha nescbinadeonsreCac etter tee een 50
aNd a beads cb dupa encttgaoue ketene ee 50
Drs Wen Bye ee cic caceeet teat ae 25

NOTES

the Laconia Car Company, has become associated —
with the Company in the capacity of Treasurer. With —
these additional men and witn che Managing Com- —
mittee working in thorough co-operation with the ©
executive offices, the problem of hanaling the great
volume of business has beep successfully met. With —

“

these-increases in the executive organization and with ©
certain adjustments in existing contracts, it is now
considered that the affairs of

: fai e Company are in ¢
very satis_actory condition. es

The Koban Manufacturing Company, Milwauk
Wisconsin, is introducing a 3_h.p. Inboard Marine ©
Motor which they claim is different from any other
on the market. y

The engine is of the 2-cylinder horizontal oppor e
type and the claim is made for it that it is absolute

free from vibration. The weight of the motor is o

65 lbs. which is quite remarkable in view of its h
rating. On account of its light weight and lack
vibration this engine can be successfully installe

boats of light construction. The engine has sp
speed and is adaptable for launches up to 22 fe
length, dories, tenders and any type of boat for vy
3 h.p. is suitable. wed Gael
This remarkable engine is only 934 in. high, 17%
wide, and 15% in.long. _ Sy
The manufacturers claim it is the finest engine ever
designed for small boats and naturally they expect
very large business on this model. fe

\

_ the top notch Field Trial organization.

ENNED™

ANE ORR itis
’ 7)

is it
i) y &

CANADIAN NATIONAL FIELD TRIAL
CLUB'S TRIALS

FOR BEAGLES, POINTERS AND SETTERS, RUN AT
OJIBWAY, ONT., NOVEMBER 8th, 9th, 10th.

The third Annual Trials of the Canadian
National Club were held at Ojibway, Ont.,
across from Detroit, Mich., on the car line
and at all times within sight of the spectators,
and were pronounced by all present the best
and most convenient trials ever witnessed.
Why? The reasons are that the weather was
ideal, it being quite mild; the abundance of
rabbits enabled the spectators to see the
rabbit and dog at almost the same time, and
last but not least, the “classy” bunch of
beagles, whith partcipated in these trials
appealed to all. There was a large gallery
present from all parts of the country. Among
the prominent ladies and gentlemen present
were :—

Mrs. C. V. Marshall, Detroit; Mrs. Chas.
Waters, St. Thomas; Mrs. Jas. Hendricks,
Misses Gertrude and Isabelle Hendricks and
Mrs. E. Mason of Sandwich; Mr. Chas. Wa-
ters, St. Thomas; Dr. Nicholson, Simcoe;
and Mr. Keating, Mr. Holloway, Mr. Jones,
Mr. H. W. Davis, F. K. Fisher and J. W.
Miller, Detroit; R. M. Davis, Dayton, Ohio;

' J. Dawson, Robt. Thrasher, Ojibway; Rich-

ard Langlois, F. W. Gray, Sandwich; Sol.
Wigle; Frank Marcon, Windsor; J. Jensen,

_ Thos. Reid, Walkerville.

The interest shown at these trials was a
marked improvement on previous years, and
the club has every reason to expect expan-
sion and may look forward nly ee

e
beagle events which were the first held in

~ connection with the club, were a success and
__ as Pres. F. A. Johnson stated, no doubt, the
_ key to prospective growth.

The judges officiating were:—Thos. Beath,

_ of Detroit, and Jos. J. Spracklin, Windsor,
Ont., of the Derby.

For all age and free-for-all:—Carl Jones,
of Wabash, Ind. and Thos. Beath officiated,
and without a doubt placed each dog abso-
lutely satisfactorily to all. Accommodations
were great, automobiles leaving the Crawford
House, Windsor, each morning of the trials,
at 8 a.m., and every one was well taken care
of in that respect. When it came to eats all
credit was due W. T. Gilbert and his chef,
“Red,” who at Mr. Gilbert’s Farm House
provided the greatest spread ever.

In connection with the Beagle Trials, a
bench show was held. J. J. Spracklin, judg-
ing, awarded a cup donated by Thos. Beath,
to Rosebud’s Jack, a grand little dog in
appearance combined with Field Trial Qual-
ity, owned by F. A. Johnson. In mentioning
the winners of the various stakes, there was
Afton’s Dandy Boy winner of All Age and
Free For All, a dog which has several wins
to his credit and a grand little fellow, Rose-
bud’s Jack 2nd in all age and 2nd in Free
For All, is also a noted winner, and while
Dandy Boy was the faster, Jack did great
work at checks. Another dog that stood
out well and appealed to the spectators was
goed, a blue dog, owned by Jas. Hen-
dricks of Sandwich, Ont.

White Hope, winner of Derby, is a fast
fellow and if he trains on should be a wonder.
He is owned by Ed. Marshall, Dowagiac,
Mich. Frontier Fannie and Rock City Fan-
nie equal 3rd in all age, are a very good pair

of beagles.

Afton Pat, the dog placed 3rd in Derby,
owned by P. A. Peterson Kalb, Ill., is a grand
going dog and deserved his place.

15 in. Derby.

Lady—White Hope.—They were put down

in thicket at side of road which was worked

out without: age over a sedge field to sand
it which had some gro ‘ b
eatin Whitey led avin , this rabbit holed,
when put out by ferret Lady picked up T rail
and led when rabbit again took to a cul-
vert, when put out the handlers made the
mistake of letting their dogs see rabbit get
away and this was a pure and simple drive
across meadow with White Hepe leading.
Another rabbit was jumped, Lady drove to
check and picked up check, Whitey harked

in and drove to hole, Whitey had a little the .

best of heat, Lady being a little noisy. Down
8.30, up 9 a.m. .
Cuss.—Little Ned, let loose in sedge field,
the spectators started a rabbit, when the
dogs were put on Ned led drive to check,
Cuss caught ch> turn and drove: to loss.
Another rabbit was started, Cuss led to check,
and caught check. Just a bit ahead of Ned
they drove to hole, this brace did not have
the snap of precedimg brace. Down 9.05,
up 9.30. Ry Be
Afton Pat—Ringwood.—When put down in
thicket it was but a minute before Ring gave
tongue, and he does not make a bit of noise
until game is in close proximity. They car-
ried him across road to sedge field. Through
bush to a check, Pat caught check and drove
to check, when Ring picked it up and led
Pat down corn field, a grand run considering
the warm day and the sand, bunnie double
crossed this great little pair but he was soon
jumped, Ring grabitog up the scent and
leadin to check when he again picked it
up and led to another check, Pat caught this
one, but on long drive Ring passed him and
drove to hole. This was a fine piece of work
for Derbies. Down 9.35, up 10.05. :
Superfine—Denton’s Sport.—Put down in
rag weed. A rabbit was jumped, but when
the dogs were put on they could not hold
trail, owing to the rank weeds. They worked
at this task some time, when judges ordered
them to give up this bunnie which had been
kicked up several times by followers, and
they went to thicket in a gulley, where a
rabbit was jumped. Sport grabbed this track
and led to check; Superfine got check and thena
loss for both dogs. Down 10.15, up 10.45.

Second Series
15in. Derby

White Hope—Ringwood.—After lunch we
had the bench show, and waited until it would
cool off some, the dogs were let go after a
bunnie had been jumped as spectators were
getting over fence. Whitey’s handler saw
where rabbit went up furrow and got his dog
on trail first. He started away at a terrific

ace, caught check, drove through corn
ield to check where he again copped, Ring
right on his heels, they went through gulley
here Ring outfooted him and drove to check
when they were ordered up. Down __ 3.20,
up 3.35.

Afton Pat — Denton’s Sport——Some time
was spent before rabbit was jumped by
spectators. Pat led chase to check, caught
check and: drove to hole. Another one was
ao but drove to loss. Down. 3.45, up

Afton Pat — Cuss, a rabbit was started
and when put on track Pat led to check and

wth, a rabbit was_

re

“ne iro ho} p
a, <r Aen aS oe Win
up ae i st =

OJIBWAY, ONT., Nov. 6th.—Canadian N
tional Field Trial Club’s 15 in. Der
stake for dogs and bitches, fifteen inch
and under, whelped on and after Ja
1915. Nine starters. Judges, t
Beath and Jos. J. Spracklin. ys

White Hope, white and lemon ‘i by
ray Blue Boy—Fannie K. d.

Marshall,

ith
Lady, white, black and tan bitch, by Ben
old Beauty. Jas. Hendricks, owner a
handler. ery
Cuss, white, black and tan dog by Thornfield
Rye—Francy K. Ed. Marshall, ownery
C. V. Marshall, ts eg C

ith Mong

Little Ned, white, black and tan dog, by Ben ~
Beauty. Jas. Hendricks, owner — A

and handler. Rod
Afton Pat, black, white and tan dog by Uncle
Sam—Afton Flight. P Peterson,
owner; F. A. Johnson, handler. ee

:

!

|

it J vt Sy
Ringwood, blue dog, by Ben—Lady. J
Hendricks, owner and handler.
Superfine’s Whitey, black, white and tan d
by Superfine Jack a Dandy—Superfine —
Queen. J. W. Schuster, owner; F.A. an
Johnson, handler. wie
With Pee
Denton’s Sport, by Sir Flourist—Griffin’s
Silvertoned Whip, black, white and ‘
dog. Norman Padget,
Johnson, handler.
II Series
White Hope with Ringwood.
Afton Pat wilh eee s Sport.

Afton’s Pat with Cuss.
Result
1st—White Hope.
2nd—Ringwood.
3rd—Afton’s Pat.

15 in. All-Age

White Hope—Frontier Fannie.—When «
off, they both started off at a great clip, F.
ranging out like a pointer or setter cast ac
stubble to swale, and down to fence, tl
then worked out sedge field and gulley wh
rabbit was jumped. White Hope led dr
to check where Fannie caught check
drove to buildings after much territory 1
worked out dogs were ordered up. De
9 a.m., up 9.45. ; j
Nellie—Rosebud’s Jack.—Just as preced
brace were ordered up, a rabbit was jum
by spectators, dogs being put down soon |
bunnie going, Jack led chase. This work
done in heavy cover and was hard to foll
Both dogs picked up several checks,
while a consistant hunter was a littl
noisy. Jack started another rabbit
drove through orchard and meadow to b
pile. Jack had all the better of this
Down 9.50, up 10.45. S i
Ben—Afton’s Dandy Boy.—Cast_
rabbit was jumped after much wo
did good work but hampered Dandy
a while, being too noisy, both dogs

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eral good drives and checks to their credit.
One old bunnie gave them a drive for about
a half mile through bush when he met his
Waterloo before the dogs. Down 11 a.m.,
up 11.50. ‘
Beauty—Wabaso Dude.—Cast down in
sedge field this brace worked out considerable

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

fastest beagle on the grounds, but was no
good in voice, after some good work on part
of both these bitches they were ordered up.
Down 2.05, up 2.30.
Second Series
Afton’s Dandy Boy—Rosebud’s Jack.—In
a minute a rabbit was going. Dandy led to

1. Miss Gertrude Hendricks who carried and handled
Ferret for all stakes.

3. W. P. Smith, Secretary-Treasurer, C. N.F. T. Club,
the man behind the gun.

5. Some of the dogs and [Spectators at Canadian
National Field Trials.

territory before game was started, while
Beauty did most of the work in this heat,
and was believed by a great many to be in
the money, she evidently killed her chances
with the judges by her noisy way, on game,
but nevertheless she is a great little bitch and
a grand one on game, handling checks with
perfection. Down 1.30, up 2 p.m.

Rock City Fannie—Frontier Fannie.—Let
loose, Fannie demonstrated that she was the

2. A. Johnson with Afton’s Pat, 3rd in 15 in. Derby
Jas. Hendricks with Ringwood, winner of 2nd and
Mrs. C. V. Marshall with White Hope, winner of Ist

4. Thos. Beath, Detroit: Carl Jones, Wabash, Ind..
Judges of All-age and Free-for-all Beagle stakes.

6. May B. Speedy, winner of Derby, owned and
handled by Jno. F. Carr, Ridgetown, Ont.

‘check Jack caught turn and Dandy took
drive away from him and drove to barn, all
the work in this heat was accomplished in
and around an orchard which was on top a
hill, one could see the dogs and rabbits at all
times and it surely was exciting. Five rab-
bits were jumped in this heat and it was nip
and tuck all the time, first Dandy to drive

to check and then sport. This was the most’
open piece of work of trials and thrilled the —

was the faster but Jack
checks. Down 2.35, up

Pie Summary 4
IIBWAY, ONT., Nov. 8th.—Canadian Na-
tional Field Trial Club’s all-age Beagle
stake for 15 in. or under dogs and bitches.
Nine starters. Judges, Carl Jones and
‘! Thos. Beath.
- White Hope, white and lemon dog. by Betray
i Blue Boy— Fannie K., Ed. Marshall,
y C. V. Marshall, handler.
a With :
Frontier Fannie, white, black and tan bitch,
_ by King Opal—Frontier Flash. E.
a Lancaster, owner; W. P. Smith, handler.
_ Nellie, white, black and tan bitch, by Teddy—

1 *

es

owner.

Beauty. Jas. Hendricks, owner and
handler.
a With
- Rosebud’s Jack, white, black and tan dog,
ca by Southview Glenwood C—Rosebud.

az F. A. Johnson, owner and handler.

_ Ben, white, black and tan dog, by Teddy—
- Beauty. Jas. Hendricks, owner and
handler.

With

Afton’s Dandy Boy, black, white and tan
. dog, by Uncle Sam—Afton Queen.
_ Beauty, white, black and tan bitch, by Teddy
q —Old Beauty. Jas. Hendricks, owner;
_ E. Mason, handler.

_ ga With
_ Wabaso’s Dude II, by Lehigh’s Highball—
Guppy. Geo. W. Nottley, owner; F. A.

+ Johnson, handler. é
Rock City Fannie a Bye, white, black and
q tan bitch, by Ch. Fitz—Ch. Rock City
re Francis. J. V. Benton, owner; F. A.
___ Johnson, handler.

With

_ Frontier Fannie cots Jack.
_ Wabaso Dude II.
F Result

1lst—Afton’s Dandy Boy.
2nd—Rosebud’s Jack.
3rd—Frontier Fannie.
3rd—Rock City Fannie.

é FREE FOR ALL
Mee: 15 in. or Under
Ben, Nellie, Beauty, Rosebud’s Jack, Af-
__ton’s Dandy Boy, Wabaso Dude II, Rock
m eaty Fannie, and Ringwood, the dogs of the
_ pack stake were cast off in stubble. They all
_ scattered, worked large stubble then went to
_ rag weed from there across Malden Road into
_ heavy rank weeds along corn field. Jack
_ jumped a rabbit and led pack to check.
_ Dandy got check which Ring took away and
_ led tocheck. A lot of short checks were run,
_ but could not be seen, one had to judge by
_ voice, who caught them. A rabbit was jump-
_ ed which ran through orchard to corn field.
ing caught this track and carried him to
y check. Dandy Boy picked him up and ran
to kill, Ben was bitten by snake and was
picked up. This helped Ring, as Ben and
ellie tongued too much on scent and kept
i spesag. iron good work, we might add
this

ts E ne

d a good deal to do with more
work being done by the rest of the

/ tT)
a x a tal Jen 44%
x ars ¥ Tt edd) : 4
é

_ reached orchard, where a rabbit was jumpe

Patt OU ali Be esi URS NS
_ After Ben was taken away the pack work
out several fields without a find until °

this great dog’s ability on game. : ey
Summary i
OJIBWAY, ONT., Nov. 8th.—The Canadian ~

National Field Trial Club’s special stake

open to all dogs and bitches, beagles, A

15 in. or under, to be run three hours.
Judges, Carl Jones and Thos. Beath.
Ben, white, black and tan dog, by Teddy—

Beauty. Jas. Hendricks, owner and ~
handler.

Nellie, white, black and tan bitch, by Teddy—
Beauty. Jas. Hendricks, owner and
handler.

Beauty, white, black and tan bitch, by Teddy _

—Old Beauty. Jas. Hendricks, owner
and handler.
Ringwood blue dog, by Ben—Lady. Jas.
Hendricks, owner and handler.
Rosebud’s Jack, black, white and tan dog,
by Southview Glenwood’s C—Rosebud.
F. A. Johnson, owner and handler.
Afton’s Dandy Boy, white, black and tan
dog, by Uncle Sam—Afton’s Queen. F.
A. Johnson, owner and handler.
Wabaso’s Dude II, white, black and tan dog,
by Lehigh’s Highball—Guppy. Geo.
W. Nottley, owner. F. A. Johnson,
handler. ;
ae ake Fannie, white, black and tan bitch,

Ch. Fritz—Ch. Rock City Francis,

owner; F. A. Johnson, handler.
Results
lst—Afton’s Dandy Boy.
2nd—Rosebud’s Jack.
3rd—Ringwood.

The Bird Dog Events

Thursday, Nov. 9.—We left the Crawford
House, Windsor, and journeyed to the Gil-
bert farm. It rained all day, therefore the
events were postponed until Friday. The
day was spent indoors, and between story
telling and other amusements, passed quickly.
Friday morning we got an early start and were
at the grounds about 9 a.m. It was cool and
a high wind prevailed, making bird work an
impossibility. The followers had thinned
down considerably. This was natural as
weather conditions were not favorable to
pleasure seekers. Among those present were
the Judges: F. A. Johnson, Jno. Dale, Dr.
C. A. Bronsley, Thos. Beath, Detroit, H. E.
LeBornf, Paul Langlois, F. Gray, E. Seguin,
W. T. Gilbert, W. P. Smith, I. Moore of
Sandwich, F. Walker of Windsor, Jno. Carr
of Ridgetown, O. L. Walper, F. Jeffers of
London, Ont.

The winner of the Derby, May B. Speedy,
is a nice stylish pointer bitch, and works
her ground out beautifully. She is the
property of Jno. Carr, Ridgetown, Ont. Her
win was a populaz one.

Minnie Free Lane, placed second, is a
bold going bitch, while not the finished bitch
May B. is, she has the stamina that should
train on. Comets spot is a fast wide going

oo ¢ :
Ara

930

ointer and had he not been so fond of cattle,
Spanky would have been placed higher.

he bitch Selkirk Tyra, while only 9 months
of age impressed the judges greatly and as
she is eligible for next year’s Derby, should
be a great going bitch by that time. Des-
tiny’s Kath, the other entry in this stake,
deserved a place in this stake, but sometimes
the judges differ with spectators as to placing
of dogs, considering the small entry of this
stake, the dogs were a likely lot of Derbies,
the best seen in these trials to date.

The winner of the all-age was the well-
known winner Daisy Dru. She is a stylish
going bitch and made some beautiful casts,
this work winning-for her.

Roy’s Ransom is another dog well-known
in these parts as a winner, and deserved his

lace. Destiny’s Prince won the Canadian
National Derby last year, and is a fine going
fellow and was the dog for this position with-
out a doubt. ;

The setter bitch Peggy in this stake, while
only three weeks too old for the Derby was
the class dog of both stakes, and had she
not flushed and chased, which could be ex-
cused in a Derby, she would have won the
stake. However, she should be a good all-
age dog, when steadied on birds.

At 9.30 we were on the grounds and the
judges called for the first brace of Derby.

May B. Speedy—Destiny’s Kath.—Cast
off in stubble they both raced to corn field,
Kath going the wider. They were sent on
through sedge field, in to another corn field,
Kath, while not brilliant, stayed out at her
work, and hunted the likely places. May
is a wide ranging puppy, and her only fault
is an occasional back cast. They went into
thicket which they worked out handling
like shooting dogs. They were hunting for
birds but could not locate them, brought out
to stubble Kath worked this out first, her
handler sending her down another field, then
put her in thicket, Carr sent May down
stubble to corn field. No birds were found
in this heat. Down 9.30, up 10.

Minnie Free Lance—Comet’s Spot.—Turn-
ed loose in meadow both got away well, Spot
outranging Minnie, who has bad habit of
casting back. She has style to burn. They
worked out stubble, then were sent to rag
weed field, from this to bush on through to
stubble, signs of birds were imminent in
several places but the dogs could not locate
them. This was spot’s heat. Down 10.20,
up 10.50.

Selkirk Tyra a Bye with Comet’s Spot.
Cast away in meadow they both went away
on long cast. Tyra runs without much
style due to the fact that she is not young
and has not been on game to muchextent. This
was Spot’s heat and a good one considering
his just being down with Minnie. Down
11.05, up 11.30.

Second Series

May B. Speedy—Minnie Free Lance.—
Cast away in edge of bush. Either dog ran
with speed of former‘heat. Minnie was away
off form, and whenever she went out it was
when trailing May, who had the better of
the heat. Several likely places were worked
out by this brace but no birds were found.
Down 11.35, up 11.55.

a ds ° >
ae te wet ey aes f
hia | . tte Ange he

Comet’s Spot—Destiny’s —
away in rag weeds. Both d
down to work. Spot, spotted s atth
and between his barking and his han
whistle they kept Kath away from her
In this heat both dogs had about equal s ‘
until toward end of heat when Kath slowed up.
Down 12, up 12.25. 7 fete

Summary F h) D8 ay,

OJIBWAY, ONT., Nov. 10th.—Canadian —
National Field Trial Club’s Derby, open —
to Pointers and Setters whelped on and
after Jan. Ist, 1915. 6 starters, 4 setters,

2 pointers. Judges, John Dale, F. A.
Johnson. pera
Destiny’s Kath, black, white and eee
Lewellyn Bitch, by Destiny’s Roy— —
Nellie’s Girl. W. P. Smith, owner and
handler. =

S

4
ty
i?

7

May B. Speedy, liver and white Pointer —
Bitch, by Tom Speedy—Alma Cash. —
Jno. Carr, owner and handler. a
Minnie Free Lance, black, white and tan ~
bitch, Lewellyn, by Free Lance,—B 2%
Julia. Mrs. Chas. Waters, owner; Verio

T. Gilbert, handler. 0) Be
With ae

Comet’s Spot, black and white pointer dog, i
by Kidwell’s Comet—Belle Pearl. ee
Selkirk Tyra a Bye, black, white and tan —
bitch, Lewellyn, by Selkirk Dan II— —
Selkirk Luna. Wm. B.gWells, owner; —
W. P. Smith, baat: od

it oi

y
Se
cae

Comet’s Spot.

I '

May B. Speedy with Minnie Free Lance. __
Destiny’s Kath with Comet’s Spot.
Results :

1st—May B. Speedy.

2nd—Minnie Free Lance.

- 3rd—Comet’s Spot.

ALL-AGE RUNNING sed
Roy’s Ransom—Daisy Dru.—After lunch
we started this brace in meadow, both got
away well. Daisy is the more stylish, while
Ransom made some nice casts he seemed
loggy. These dogs covered lots of ground. —
Signs of birds were found on their course —
but no birds were raised. They worked
bush thicket and sedge field. Both w
going fairly well when ordered up. Do
1 p-m., up 1.30. '
Destiny’s Prince—Toby Kent.—Sent aw
in bush, they worked this out and then w
sent across road to open bush. This
worked out. Prince is a hard working «
and goes wider than Toby. They worked «
several fields without a find. Prince hac
the edge on Toby in his heat. Down 1.35,
up 2 p.m. aD
Peggy a Bye, was put down alone and went
away fast. She worked out several fie
without a find. Just as she was or
up, a bevy of birds were flushed from
of road by spectators. Down 2 p.m., up
Second Series ee
Daisy Dru—Peggy.—After a rest,
dogs were put down to windward of
bevy. both going away fast. Peg
of speed and class and hunted ci
Daisy. Peg flushed several

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“is se
Aa. .

a Nee ale
ed, Daisy painted in bush, Peg would not > thee Bes
The work Peggy did in this heat

back.
proved her to be a iy
three weeks too old for

entered her in all-age.
heard from later on. Down 3.13, up 3.35.

Roy’s Ransom—Destiny’s Prince.—We
went down the disputed road about a mile
where this pair were let go. Both went away
fast and hunted the likely at While
working corn field a bevy was flushed, both
dogs were in the immediate vicinity, and
as the wind was blowing very hard their work
on this bevy was excusable. These birds
flew to swale, and dogs were put on them,
both dogs worked this out thoroughly with-
out a find although Roy pointed at base of
stump and went on, shortly after. Prince
coming up also pomted, and there evidently
had been a bird there shortly before, but they
could not locate it. This pair put up the best
heat of the stake, and are a fine pair of dogs.
Down 4 p.m., up 4.30 p.m.

Toby Kent.—Toby was put down and the
spectators as well and dog and handler did
everything possible to locate these birds,
but were unsuccessful. After covering all
territory in close proximity of this swale
the judges ordered Toby up this heat ending

Derby, she being
erby, her handler
She will no doubt be

THE NEW BRUNSWICK KENNEL |
CLUB SHOW

E eighth annual bench show of the
New Biiosniek Kennel Club, held at
y St. John, N. B., October 11, 12, 13,
Showed the best quality of dogs ever judged
in the Maritime Provinces. Mr. George
Steadman Thomas was the judge. Although
conditions were not favorable for holding a
show this year, a small and hard working
committee undertook the task. To the show
committee must be given credit for securing
the services of such an able judge as Mr.
Thomas; also much is due for the effort put
forth by the show secretary, W. C. McKay,
who, while practically new in the dog show
business, proved to be a most efficient and
obliging officer.

Local exhibitors were pleased to meet
Messrs. Bert Swan, Sam Bamford and H. T.
‘Armistead, who attended the show in force
with some of their best specimens, adding
much zest to the competition. In Mr.
Armistead the New Brunswickers meet a new
club member who has supported our shows
before, but this was our first chance for per-
sonal acquaintance. Mrs. R. A. Ross was
on hand again with the usual good quality of
dogs, but we missed her good man, Bob Ross,
this year. With Mrs. Ross was a new ex-
hibitor for these parts, Mrs. J. H. Cameron
of Ottawa, with some” Bostons. Mr. J.
Wallace Sheehan attended from the North
Shore, with a classy string. It is always a
pleasure to meet him_and he comes back
stronger each year. Fredericton, our pro-

all present. —

Roy’s Ransom, white and orange, set
by Destiny’s Roy—Blue . De
uin and LeBornf, owners;\E. Segt
handler. ake

With

Daisy Dru, black, white and tan bitch,
Blake’s Boy—Ruby Dru. Paul Le
lois, owner and handler. 87.

Destiny’s Prince, white and orange ticked —_

setter dog, by Destiny’s Roy—Victoria

B. O. L. Walper, owner; Fred Jeffers, 19.4

handler. Lag

With / ‘i ae

dog,
by Manitoba Rap—Gypsy Jingo. Frauke) opi
¢ Ww f

Peggy, a Bye, black, white and tan setter ue. ;

oes

Series :
Peggy with Daisy Dru. — 24
Destiny’s Prince with Roy’s.Ransom.
Toby Kent.
lst—Daisy Dru.
2nd—Roy’s Ransom.
3rd—Destiny’s Prince.

vincial capitol city, supported the show witha __
strong entry, the dogs being well looked after __
by William W. Laskey, who always has good
ones following him. The Fredericton entries __
and exhibitors were Lord Ashburnham, Mrs. _
W. W. Laskey, John MeSorley, Mr. and Mrs.
J. McCaffrey and Miss C. Phyllis McCaffrey. __
The latter benched three nice Bull Terriers, _
that added class to the “white gladiators.”
Mr. and Mrs. L. H. Powers, of Houlton, Me.,
were with us again. We look forward to —
their annual visits with pleasure and their
Terriers always make the going good. wf
The big breeds were not so numerous asin
previous shows, but in Hounds we had a few
new faces. St. Bernards showed no excep-
tional quality—Mandy Leigh, the winner, isa
young bitch, nicely marked and right size, —
but needs time to finish. In Great Danes, ©
“Leo von de Rohn Gloria,” stood alone in his —
class, a dark fawn, stylish dog, owned by Mr. —
H. E. Johnston, of Chatham, N. B. Ss

Review Sporting Breeds x.
Bloodhounds had one_ exhibitor. Mr,
Wallace Sheehan, benched five. He showed
a new one in Prince Sandy, a well built dog, —
good in body and with a shapely head, but
wants more leather and es. He was
shown for specials only. ay
_ Russian Wolfhounds showed one, Coun
Elka, shown by Mrs. P. F. Mathias; co
lemon and white, with nice outline in b
good feet and shoulders. >

white and that good

‘Greyhounds benched two, a local black and
Canadian dog, Ch.
Master Butcher, too well known to describe,
shown hard and fit as usual and well handled.

Pointers were few in numbers, only one
new one facing the judge, Mysterious Billy,
a very showy dog, but a puppy yet.

‘English Setters were a real good lot—
thirteen were benched, all local dogs. In
puppy dogs and bitches, Charles O’Neill took
first honors with Nancy, a well made bitch,
black and white in color, nice size and a good
shower. John McGrath’s Mayfriar was
second, a neat youngster, cobby in body, right
in shoulder, but lacks length of head and is not
so clean cut as the winner. Winners bitches
brought out a sturdy young bitch in Mc-
Grath’s W. V. Sally, white with blackings,
well set up, short body, ears placed right; but
could do with more finish of head. Charles
Perkins’ Hex, who took second, is larger, but
not so neat in body as the winner. This class
also showed James McKelvie’s Flash II1., a
limmer for size, evenly balanced, with splen-
did headpiece, and a bitch that should pro-
duce some good ones. Winners dogs gave
the blue to Robert Smith’s Welcome, a blue
belton with a nice, well chiseled head, correct
skull and ears, clean of cheek, lovely ear,
certainly a dog nicely balanced throughout,
well ribbed and good quarters and feet.
Welcome is a credit to Mr. Smith, who is the
breeder as well as exhibitor. Reserve win-
ners went to James Latimer’s Laddie, a
larger dog, well ribbed and with good feet and
shoulder, but not quite up to Welcome.
Special for best English Setter in the show
went to Welcome.

Irish Setters were a good class, eleven
showing. Winners dogs went to Tyrone
Terry, owned by E. Howard, of Montreal, a
dog of good size, short back, nice color and
showed well. Second went to Charles Con-
way, with Barney, a big dog and a good one.
There was a good one in Montrose Shamus
O’Brien III., a young dog of quality, shown in
good condition, not quite as large as the
winner; not quite developed as yet, but
shows careful breeding. The bitches were
in the majority and strong at that, the winner
being E. Howard’s Sonora Norma, who also
won for special in this breed. She is a sturdy
bitch, doggy almost, with nice color, good
body and quarters. Second went to William
Hanlon’s Gypsy Grand, a local bitch showing
a cleaner outline than the winner, but lacks
spring of rib yet; is a youngster yet and
undeveloped. We also had two old veterans
of the ring in Robert Laskey’s Ch. Montrose
Pride of Erin and Thomas McCullough’s
Molly Grand, both of whom have travelled
in fast company before.

Cockers, always popular at St. John, had
a long entry list, blacks being largest in num-
ber, and the quality was better than ever.
Winners dogs, black, went to F. E. Stuart’s
Revelation, a sound young dog, shown in
good form, strong in feet, body and limb.
Reserve winners went to Mrs. E. J. Wallace’s
Rockfield Hope, a local one. In winners
bitches, we had Charles Conway’s showy little
Blossom’s Baby, a dog hard to find a fault in.
She got the special for best local Cocker, any
color, also. In parti-colors, Bob Ross’ Drume-

pie ROD-AND: GUN IN CABARET aR oar

clamp Baronet, a red and white, got winr
a lovely headed one this, with good feet
shoulders, plenty of bone and a right mover
Reserve to Baronet was George Lawson’s Pal, —
a black and white—a good dog and looks like ~
a real worker. Winners bitches was Mrs.
Gillard’s Baby, a black and white, rather racy
and up on theleg. Winner for any solid color —
other than black went to W. H. Parkington’s —
Welch Queen, a red, good bodied bitch, but —
not so clean cut in the head as we like them. —
James Sproul showed a promising puppy in —
Teddy that will win honors in the future. fi

Field Spaniels had one that was a credit —
to the name, E. A. Morton’s Gyp, a fairly ©
good black.

Sporting Spaniels were a variety, the
winner Rover, a heavy dog looking good for —

“thick cover, though Flora or Peter, awarded

as named, looked better for field work.

Airedales: This popular terrier is im-

roving every year in St. John and local —

anciers are striving for better quality in
breeding and the Airedale is coming strong
down this way. Winning dog was no other
than the redoubtable Polam Maxim, owned
by Norman McKenzie; put down very fit
and right on edge. He swept the board,
winning the special for this breed, also in the
variety for best dog in the show. He looked
darker in coat than we have seen him befor
black saddle quite distinct from the tan—
good show size, evenly balanced throughout
and built on good Terrier lines. Reserve
in dogs was Leeds Reformer, shown by Sam
Bamford. This one had lots of type and
character—he is a new one to us and we liked
him. It was interesting to those at the
ringside to see this dog and Polam Maxim
in the ring together, both on edge and sunerb-
ly handled by those masters of the show ring,
Bamford and Swan.

In bitches, the winner was Norman Mc-
Kenzie’s Sunshine. John McSorley showed
a nice one in Celestial Dream, a dog of quality,
strong head, well finished before the eyes,
and with a nice body. Celestial Dream also
won first honors in local dogs and bitches,
with Thomas Coughlan’s Rowdy a close
second and W. C. McKay’s Rockley Laddie
third. There was plenty of pep in the local
class and much interest.

Dachshunde had four, owned by W. R.
Aitken, and all good ones.

Fox Terriers, smooth, were a fair entry,
with twelve benched. Winners dog was an
Ottawa entry, Clapton Sensation, owned by
George W. Bailey. Reserve went to Percy
S. Clark’s Sabine Razor, a very racy dog that
has lots of Carrie but lacked a little of the
sturdiness of the winner. Winners bitches
went to Bellam Trizie, shown by Mrs. P. S.
Clark; a very neat Terrier, nice head, ears,
neck and a showy bitch. Reserve bitches,
Allen Shaw’s Gyp, much the same stamp of
dog as the winner, though lacking the quality.
In local dogs and bitches Sabine Razor carried
off the honors and the reserve was Bellam Tim,
only a puppy, but a real comer.

Wire Fox Terrier entries were small, but had
a few por of quality, the winner being A.
Lepine’s Dusky Bounce, all wire and put
down to win, though hard pressed for the
special for Thomas Moore’s Killendine of

a

7

a2
,

ca

"
¥.

_ says the bench-showing expert.
- ragged coat.

2
ar)

do not.

Chuffs, which we liked very much. A.
Lepine’s Virgiedot of Malden was another
ood wire of quality. In the class for bred
y exhibitor, H. T. Armistead’s Westpark
Ranger, one of the best sons of Ch. Hawes
Broom, carried off the ribbon. He is a credit
to the breeder. We had another splendid
wire in Northern Regalia, bred and owned
by Le Baron Wilson, a dog built on good lines,
GP right size and with a noticeably fine body.
One puppy and alone in the class was Mrs.
L. H. Powers’ Wire Boy of Aroostook, an all
white dog, full of promise, but just now a
baby.

Irish Terriers were few, the winner, Ch.
Aroostook Historic, looking as fit as ever
and a dog hard to pice a flaw in. He also
won the special with Kelvin’s Glory, a nice
bitch, for reserve. Arthur Blight’s Quarry-
wood Paddy and A. E. Francis’ Lord Bobs
were both good specimens and well liked,
though -not quite up to the class of the
winner.

The variety classes were keenly contested
throughout, with many entries. The best for
sporting dogs and bitches (open), went to the

reyhound, Ch. Master Butcher, owned by
John G. Kent, with reserve to E. Howard’s
Sonora Norma, an Irish Setter. The non-
sporting variety (open) winner was Chinook

enacity, and English Bull, with the Bull
Terrier, Haymarket Jessie, close up to the
winner in favor. In the Terrier variety,
Polam Maxim captured the honor, with the

competition; reserve, Charles Perkins, with

brace of English Setters. Best Terrier brace |

had good entries, and A. Lepine’s wires,
Dusky Bounce and Viegiedot of Malden,
were the winners. The Breeders’ :gold prize,
open to members of the New Brunswick

ennel Club only, was taken by H. T
Armistead, with Westpark Ranger, a wire,
with Robert Smith’s English Setter, Welcome,
Sone close behind the winner. Local
special for best sporting dog or bitch went to
Miss Winnifred Ross for the Pointer, Betty,
who also took the Oak Hall special for best
local specimen. Best local Terrier, smooth
went to Miss C. Phyllis McCaffrey for that

“good Bull Terrier, Haymarket Jessie, and

honors for best local ‘Verrier, rough, went to
the good Scottie, Jock Scott, owned by
Thomas Dickson. Special for both Cocker

pEppits went to James Sproul for the parti-
color, Teddy; Mrs. Arthur Gillard’s, black
and white parti-color, reserve. Children’s

variety was won by Miss Nora Blaine with
the Scottie, Dumclamph Mary, with Miss
Marretta Clark and her smooth Fox Terrier,
To-To, neck and neck right up to the wire
with the winner. The president’s cup for
best of any breed in the show went to the
Airedale, Polam Maxim. The Roy Morrison
Breeders’ gold prize went to John Scott, who
showed the liver colored Cocker, ‘“‘Fan,” with
two of her get.

CLEANING SHOW DOGS

Knacks in Smartening Up Terriers for
Exhibition.
A majority of terriers, exhibition terriers,

such as the fox, Irish, Scottish and Airedale,

are far from looking their prettiest right now,
They are in
: This is not because it is the
shedding season. It is because they are being

_ smartened up so they will appear fresh and fit
. when they go before the judges at the indoor

shows.

There is a knack in smartening up a terrier.
Most exhibitors know it, but there are a host
of owners of high class dogs of this breed who
There are many persons fond of wire
breeds who become discouraged and give

_ up simply because they do not know how to

prepare them for bench properly.

To smarten up a terrier is easy, like every-

thing else, when one knows how. To do
it all that is necessary is to strip him of his
coat from nose to tail. This must be done
at the right time and in the right way. It
should be done with a comb and brush about
a month or six weeks before he is scheduled
to enter the ring. If the time is judged cor-
tectly he will face the judges in full bloom.
Without any superabundant coat and in
excellent trim.

To strip the terrier it is necessary to have
a comb with short teeth. With it all of the
long hair may be drawn off in an exceedingly
short time. With the coat off the dog should
have a complete rest and he should: not be
washed. vy

Instead of washing him a clean and plenti-
ful supply of good clean wheat straw for his
bed is all that is necessary. If the dog should
look a bit dull or ragged or out of style when
he goes to a show it is necessary to clean
him, but this should not be done by washing.
is should be accomplished with heated wheat

our.

The flour should be rubbed into the coat
thoroughly from nose to tail, then brushed
out. A rubdown with a clean rough towel
will do instead of a wash.

Of course, one dog’s coat grows quicker than
another’s, and for this reason it is necessary
for one to know his own dog.

Some exhibitors, those who are veterans
of the bench show, have a duplicate team,
so as to have a fresh and newly coated dog
for each show. In case one doesn’t come to
coat on time the other will be ready or nearly
so at show time.

While this fhethod of smartening up is
used mostly with terriers it has also proved
beneficial with other long-haired breeds.

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936

Editor, KENNEL DEPT.:

I have just returned from a very pleasant,
as well as successful hunting trip in the Parry
Sound District. I used two of my Airedale
brood bitches on this trip, and they worked
complete, trailing Deer. i

They gave good tongue when in pursuit, and
were always eager and ready for the chase,
stood the work well, and were as hard as
nails. The two weeks’ hunt did not.seem
to tire them in the least.

A number of hunters who saw them at work
declared that they were ideal dogs for trailing

eer.

Personally I was more than, pleased with
them, as this was their first experience on
this kind of game.

If there are any readers who have had
experience with Airedales on this kind of
game, I would be glad to hear their views.

Thanking you for your valuable space.

Yours truly,
W. G. Higbee.

The consensus of opinion in the western
mountains, where Airedales are used a great
deal for hunting bear, cougar, cats, coyotes,
etc., appears to be that hounds are better for
picking up an old trail and staying with it;
on a hot trail and for close in work the Aire-
dales are the ideal dog. We doubt that the
Airedales would give enough tongue for. deer
hunting but on hot trail they will certainl
give the game a quicker run than a hound.

Kennel Editor.

Editor, KENNEL DEPT.:
I am a constant reader of Rod and Gun,
and have recently returned from a deer hunt-

A Dog on The Strength.

The war has led to the relaxation of many
hospital rules, and the latest reported instance
is that whereby the dog Rara, a Great Dane,
the mascot of the Auckland (New Zealand)
Mounted Rifles, had become attached to the
4th London General Hospital. The story
goes that one of the men in the regiment made
a great pet of Rara, who, on her friend becom-
ing a patient, and consequently an absentee,
lost her appetite and became dispirited. On
hearing the news the man in his turn became

ROD AND GUN IN CANAD a
KENNEL ENQUIRIES) te

(ON iis
A.
EAL ORES

ing trip. I notice in the November issue,
the Kennel Department wishes to have us
send in our experiences with hounds.

Well, to begin with I have been in the deer
hunting game for the past sixteen years an
during that time I have tried nearly all strains
of hounds. I have tried out English and
American Fox-hounds, Beagle ,hounds and
crosses between Beagle and Fox-hounds, and
found them all very satisfactory, except the
Beagle. The genuine Beagle is too fond of
rabbit hunting, and is not fast enough when
matched with an English or American Fox-
hound. This fall I tried a cross between the
English Blood-hound and the American Walk-
er Fox-hound. These cross dogs are the
most wonderful deer dogs I ever owned. They
stand twenty-two inches high. They are wide
hunters, and very keen with very loud tongue.
We ran these dogs every day the last week of
hunting season, with entire satisfaction. I
have never tried these dogs on fox but expect
to soon. Have any of the readers of the Rod
and Gun had any experience with this class
of hounds? If so I would like to see some-
thing from them.

Yours truly, |
Belleville, Ont. J. Doherty.

We have always understood that about one-
quarter bloodhound gave fox-hounds better
scent. Bloodhounds themselves while very keen
scented and good at working out an old trail
are too slow for fox and deer hunting. Man
fox hunters advocate a mixture of bloodhound
blood in fox hounds to improve the _latter’s
reste powers in working out a difficult
trail.

Kennel Editor.

worried, and for the sake of both patients
the dog was brought to the hospital, where ~
she is understood to be wearing an official
identification badge fastened to a chain, pro-
vided at the expense of the regiment. It-is
perhaps fortunate that one mascot is usually
sufficient for each regiment, for a vista of
hospital wards in which patients were sur-
rounded by the kennels and cages of their
pets would make a strait-laced staff, if any
remains, faint with disapproval.

It is said the Inuians assert that the coming
winter will be one of the milaest in recent
years. They base their prediction on the

following signs:

The oak trees have no acorns.
Squirrels are seldom seen.
Muskrats have not started to build their a

winter homes.

Fur-bearing animals have thin coats.,

Here’s hoping the Indian is a true prophet.

SS r
RA

SS

ym

Wf
ZU S

An Interesting Letter from Saskatchewan.
Editor, ROD AND GUN:—

I really must compliment you on your
October number of Rod and Gun. It is the
best one I have yet read.

Ducks are more plentiful this fall than I
have ever seen them before. The river
(South Saskatchewan) banks and sand-bars
are crowded with them, but they are also
exceptionally timid and very hard to ap-
proach; that is strange because there has
been very little hunting done around here
this fall.

I am very interested at present watching
the construction of a new beaver dam not
far from my house. If they keep at their
logging operations much longer there won’t
be a tree left along this part of the river.
The Government forbids us to cut the trees
or to trap the beavers.

Our local ferryman, Mr. Wm. Moore, has
shot two lynx this year; in both cases the
lynx were treed by-his dog when prowling
around the hen roost. Some people claim
that they: are not lynx but only bobcats.
I am not sure of the distinctions myself. I
had a look at the skin of the last one yester-
day. The ears are tasseled and the tail
short with a black tip. The fur on the back
is not unlike a fine coonskin. The dog which
treed the lynx is a spotted hound dog, some-
thing like a pointer.

The fishing has not been very good this
summer on account of the floods. Still,
I have managed to secure quite a few nice
catfish at times. :

The coyotes are getting more numerous
and bold every year. Twice this summer
when I have been driving in the waggon with
a half grown pup running behind an extra
big coyote came running up and chased the
pup. The last time both the pup and coyote
ran underneath the waggon, scrapping, and
scared my horses. Of course I didn’t even
have a club with me. I am no hand at set-
ting traps but I find that I can catch the
beggars in the winter with poisoned baits,

I have seen no deer round here this past
year but there is a small band of eleven ante-
lopes hanging around this locality, feeding
on the shocked grain. Last Sunday while
out riding one of my neighbors ran down a
full grown coyote; there was about six inches
of soft snow on the ground. When he had
the coyote played out he had nothing to hit
it with so unlaced the heavy stirrup off his
saddle and used it as a club.

I must close now and “hit the hay.”
Yours truly,

Riverfront, Sask. J. Wilfrid Jackson.

Editor, ROD AND GUN:—

I would appreciate through the columns
of your magazine instructions on making a
canvas boat. I require one of the collapsible
kind to carry only one man and would want
the boat to be steady enough to shoot from
in any direction.
for treating canvas cover, etc.

Yours truly,

Calgary, Alta. W. E. Moore.

Note.—Will some of our readers who have
had experience in building a canvas boat,

kindly furnish Mr. Moore with their ex-

periencs along this line?

Poison Pills For Wildcats
Editor, ROD AND GUN:—
Please send me the last issue of your maga-
zine, Rod and Gun in Canada. Do you
know where I can buy poison pills for wild-
cat, foxes, etc.?
Yours truly,

Curwensville, Pa. G. Foe
_Note.—We cannot advise you where these
pills can be procured. The law in some of
our Canadian Provinces prohibits the use of
oison for killing or taking game. Ontario,
or instance, prohibits the use of poison or
a poisonous substance and the exposing of
poisoned bait or other poisoned substance in
any place or locality to which any game or
any dog or cattle usually has access.

Wants to Subscribe
Editor, ROD AND GUN:—

Find enclosed money order for $1.50 for
one year’s subscription. I.have been buying
from news-stands for several years but now
want your magazine to come right home to
me. I am reading your articlesre conserva-
tion of game and wish you luck and will help
all I can. I have been living on the Pacific
Coast for seventeen years and notice a great
falling off in game of all kinds, more than
ever since the motor boat came into prom-
inence. I shall be glad to give information
re shooting and fishing along the coast. Wish-
ing you every success,

Yours truly,
St. Vincent’s Bay, T. E. Robinson.
Jervis Inlet, B.C

Letter From a Fly Fisherman
Editor, ROD AND GUN:—

I enclose herewith payment for my sub-
scription to Rod and Gun. I look forward
each/month with a great deal of pleasure
to the coming number and am especially

Please give best method

938

interested§in your articles on fly fishing for
trout. I read a great many of the outing
magazines and I want to say that they have
to go some to beat Mr. Lincoln’s dope on

fly fishing.

A dispatch from Newcastle, N.B. states
that the big game season which closed on
Noy. 30th, was a very successful one. The
following American sports made shipments
during the last week in November:—

Richard Mitton, Brookline, Mass., one
deer; Oscar D. Thees, New York, two deer,
one moose; J. W. Stewart, Parkersburg,
West Virg., two deer, one moose, one caribou;
J. G. Cochrane, Parkersburg, West Virg.,
two deer, one moose; Finley Hunter, Flush-
ing, New York, one deer, one caribou; Gale
Hunter, Flushing, New York, one moose,
two deer; J. M. Lawrence, Belmont, Mass.,
one moose, one deer, one caribou.

“The problem of a universal language, the
need of which has been realized in this war,”’
says a Cambridge professor, “‘was really
solved centuries ago by the savage inhabi-
tants of the western world.”

Should an Indian from northern Alaska
go to Patagonia, he could by means of this
universal language converse with his southern
brethren almost as easily as he coula with his
neighbors at home. That would also be the
case if he visited Central America or met the
tribesmen of the Western prairies and moun-
tains.

When this language was invented no one
knows, but every Indian learns it in addition
to his own. Recently two chiefs of different
tribes met in the Geographical Society. rooms
in Washington and held a conversation that
lasted nearly three hours, ana yet neither one
knew a word of the other’s language.

This universal language is, of course, made
up of signs. For example, if an Inuian is
passing through a strange country and sees
other Indians at a distance, he makes the
“peace sign’; that is, he holds up his blanket
by two corners so that it covers his whole
figure. The same thought is expressed by
extending the hands, palms outward, slightly
inclined from the face.

Then there are the abstract signs, by which
these “savages” can express their thoughts
with regard to the great spirit, heaven, good,
evil, life and death, sickness, health, riches
and poverty. Life is expressed by drawing

' ~~ ie” yer, |
Ms bad

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

Wishing you success, and hoping ‘
miss none of the numbers during the con
year, I remain, i,

Yours peuceselte
Duluth, Minn. i. Ge

an imaginary thread from the mouth, and
death by chopping this thread off.

Another sign for death is to hold the tips
of the fingers of one ‘hand against the palm
of the other, and let them gradually slip
downwara, ana at last drop beneath the palm.

Most people think that the Indian word
of greeting, ““How,” is merely the abbrevia-
tion of the question, “How are you?” But
that is not so. The word is really ‘‘aou,’’
which means “‘brother’’ or “friend.” So when
he comes up and growls out his seemingly
inquisitive ‘‘How,” he is not asking after your
health, but telling you that he is a friend.

An unfortunate accident occurred about
four miles from Todd Creek, north of Lund-
breck, Alta., by which Louis Hucik, an
Austrian farmer lost his life. Hucik ‘and
his wife were out hunting for rabbits with a
22-calibre repeating rifle. After firing twice
at a rabbit and extracting the second shell, @
Hucik attempted to route the animal out
from under a tree by the back stock of the
rifle, holding the gun by the barrel pointed
towards his body. The trigger tripped in
some object and the bullet entered his body
just below the breast, touching a vital spot in
the heart and resulting in almost instant
death. The man had only time to gasp and
say “I’m shot.” His wife was terror stricken.
She tried to pick her husband up but could not
and by the time neighbors were summoned
to the scene the body was cold and lifeless.

One of the important changes in the Game act
is the prohibition, of the sale of game of any
kind. It is also unlawful to use dogs to hunt
deer, or allow dogs used for such practice to
run at large; to destroy muskrat houses or
beaver dams or shoot or spear muskrats at
any time.

A rabbit with six legs, all perfectly formed,
and all ‘‘in working order” was born on the
beautiful estate of W. Marrigan, Polard
Plains park, Port Arthur, in August last. The
rabbit is pure white, of the Dutch breed, both
its parents being white also. If it lives it
should prove a very valuable pet.

_ =

ff reserve
~—6dIn an Oil An Ideal Decoration For
\ Pp ai nti n rs) Your Den or Office.

ND in after years, you and your friends
will take great delight in this permanent ~
reminder of that pleasant sojourn you

spent in the Canadian wilds—or wherever you —
went. Your camera snap-shots have possibly —
not done your trip justice. At any rate, they ©
missed the vivid colorings of the woods, the —
sky and the water.

x

¥

Rod&Gun’s Artist Can Reproduce Your Trip TruetoLife #
In Oil, Pen and Ink Sketch, or Wash Drawing. |

He can illustrate that incident--which stands out prominently in your 4
memory, just as it actually happened—full of life and action. |

F V WILLI AM Painter of the Out-of-Doors, Designer
° e and Producer of Rod and Gun’s Covers
You know his work—you see it every month He will do this, either from descriptive mat-
on the cover of this magazine. He excels in _ ter furnished by the sportsman, or from_his
reproductions of Big Game Hunting, Canoeing, - snap-shots, or better still, from a combina-
Mountain Climbing, Fishing—any and all of _ tion of both. You’ll be delighted with the

the vast number of subjects offered by the result and number the picture among your
great Outdoors. Den’s treasured articles.

Send us the details and photos; we'll turn them over to the artist. He’ll work for
you just as well as:he does for us. And the price will be moderate. Address—

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

WOODSTOCK, ONTARIO

Automobile Troubles and How to Remedy Them

By CHARLES P. ROOT

CONTENTS—Back firing, Blow-back of gas into carburetor, Popping noises, Buzz in
coil (other than contact breaker buzz), clatter and grind in gear box, Compression, faulty,
Compressien, none, Explosions, Irregular or uncertain running, Metallic or puffing noises,

isfires, Resistance slight when operating starting handle, Start, failure to, Steering er-
ratic, Stoppage of engine, Water escapes, Air l Batteries, Bearings, Bent axie, Brakes,
Carburation, Change Speed gear, Clutch, Coil, Connecting rod or crank shaft broken,
Contact breaker (High tension magneto), Contact maker, Knock in Demin generally or
in Transmission system. Leaks: Loss of power, Gear, Governor, Hunting, Ignition, Lub-
rication, Misfires, Muffler troubles, Noise, Overheating, Pipes burst out or fractured,
Piston troubles, Popping in carburetor, Pressure leaking (in case of pressure feed) Pre-
ieesion, Short circuits. Spark plug, Steam bound or air lock, Steering, Supply pipe
choked, Tining, Tires, Valves, Valve springs, Water circulation, Wheels.

Prices: Flexible Leather.......... $1.50 Cloth Binding.......... $1.00
WOODSTOCK, ONT.

Pie:

940

Deer hunters from Lindsay, the party being

~ made up of sportsmen from the Young Settle-

_be shot up to the end of the year.
_ “other” birds are ducks, geese, rails, coots,

ment, located on Salmon Lake in Cavendish
township this year engaged in their usual
fall hunt.
This twas an excellent year for shooting,
the deer being plentiful and the largest seen
for some years. Mr. John Young, a man
of seventy years, shot one deer that weighed
275 pounds, and which measured 22 inches
between the tips {of its horns. It was some-
what of a freak as it sported a long chin

whisker trimmed much after the style worn

by the ordinary billy goat.

The most remarkable event of the two
weeks’ hunt was the shooting of a deer by
Mr. English. The latter was out one after-
noon when he espied a big buck at nice shoot-
ing distance, so let him have a _ bullet, that
dropped the deer in his tracks. Hurrying up
to where the animal lay he got astride the
deer’s neck to bleed him, but just as soon
as he cut its throat the animal jumped up
and away. Mr. English grabbed him by
the horns and hung on, getting the fastest
and most thrilling ride he ever experienced
for over half a mile. After going this dis-
tance the animal fell down exhausted but
still showed fight.

Mr. John Young was nearby and with
the assistance of his stag hound put the deer
out of business. Mr. English was found
to be uninjured apart from a very badly
bruised knee and bruises.to his knuckles,
which were caused through bumping against
trees and limbs while on the back of the deer.

All bird shooting in Saskatchewan this
year opened on Friday, September 15. The
prairie chicken and grouse season closed at
the end of October but other game binge ret

ese

snipe, plover, curlew and sandhill cranes.

_ This year is a closed year for white cranes,
swans, sage grouse, or partridge and any

4

_ sportsman adding any of these birds to his
bag runs the risk of appearing before a

magistrate.

Big game shooting is confined to a line

~ north of township 34, and the 1916 season
lasts from November 15 to December 14,

_when deer, caribou, moose, elk and wapiti

may be shot. Female elk, however, are pro-

_ tected the year round, as are the fawns of any

of the foregoing animals. Buffalo and antel-
ope may not be shot at any time, nor beaver
south of the Churchill river.

__ The closed season for fish in inland waters
from October 5th to November 5th did not
apply to Ontario anglers this season. Com-
mercial fishermen, however, came under the
regulation as usual.

There is a giant eucalyptus tree which

‘stands alone in the Santa Clara Valley, in

California. The total height of this tree is
140 feet. It is too high to trim by hand.

The owner of the ranch on which the

_ eucalyptus tree stands is an adept in handling

ROD AND GUN IN CANAI

‘a rifle, and

s he uses in stri ping t th
branches of the eucalyptus. A large nu
of shots are required to sever some of the
limbs, but the feat is ultimately accomplished

The Sudbury Mining News recently con-
tained a story concerning a party of Ontario
hunters who were in the vicinity of Nairn this
past season and who did not prove themselves
to be true sportsmen to Judge from the story
of their performances which had been sup-
plied to the paper it was said by Inspector
Storie. The party consisted of six men from
Ontario and four men from Nairn who acted
in the capacity of guides. It seems the
purchased a book of seven licenses in blan
before leaving home then when they came to
Nairn, the story goes, they took out six more.
“They were apparently expert hunters” says
the writer in the News, for on Noy. 6th they
shipped six deer to a commission merchant
named Thompson of Toronto, then again on
Noy. 13th they shipped him two more. The
came out when satisfied with their aplasia
sportsmanship and shipped six deer home,
they left two at Nairn and they had eaten
one in the woods a total of seventeen deer
for ten hunters. The seven blank licenses
were of course filled in principally with ficti-
tious names, no doubt an exceedingly clever
piece of work for the Meaford party but moss
grown to Inspector Storie and his men. The
first six deer brought $58.50 and the next
two $19.00 a total of $77.50. Men of this
type are usually prone to boast of their
smartness and these chaps were no exception
to the rule, they openly declared at Nairn
what a fine hunt they had and “by gad sir, it
didn’t cost us a cent, indeed, sir, we were
ahead, come, have a cigar on me.” They are
being prosecuted and no doubt they will find
before they are out of the woods, that the trip
was rather expensive and that it would have
paid better to have observed the law and
acted as becomes good citizens. It is also
intended to ask the department to refuse these
men licenses for at least two years.

So far as can be estimated by reports from
different parts of the Province of New Bruns-
wick there were killed during the ten days’
open season, Oct. 21st to Oct. 31st, about
one hundred and twenty-five deer, a yield
of over twelve per day, which is regarded as
large. The most killings seem to have been
in Annapolis, Digby and Yarmouth counties,
with Lunenburg well up, followed by Shel-
burne, Colchester, Cumberland, Hants, Pic-
tou, Halifax, Guysboro and Kings about
in order named.

At the second annual meeting of the
Canadian Society for the Protection of Birds
held in Toronto, the report of the Secretary
showed that the campaign for the protection
of birds has been vigorously carried on
throughout the past year, despite the lack of
funds. Posters have been distributed to
rural schools and summer resorts throughout
Ontario and literature peut throughout the
Dominion. The membership has largely in-
creased, especially among juniors, and branch-
es are being formed in many places.

Y,

4
ah

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on the market oe s

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Irrespective of price, the following publications are the greatest values of their kind f
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While technical, are Written in Simple Language. Practical and ‘convenient works of \
reference. Used as part of Standard Courses at leading Automobile [Schools in the United we
States. Approved and recommended by many of the leading American motor car makers —
and their agents. This recommendation is a guarantee of the educational ‘value of —
these works.

The A. B. C. of Internal Combustion Engine, Mainten-
ance and, Repairs .'0. 5... 5 32 iS 2 ana ee 25c
The A. B. C. of Magneto Ignition Systems ............ 15c | if
The A. B. C’ of Battery Ignition Systems.............. 25c HH
The A. B. C. of Aerial Navigation, a work that is WW
DeMario ale aw fehais at et ae 50c . | ”

(In this book, the Engineering Science as applied to Construction
of Aerial Craft and the Essential Principles Governing Aviators are

Summarized).

|
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| The A. B. C. of Motor Car Operation ................ 50c
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Address all orders to 1

W. J. TAYLOR, LTD., Publisher, Woodstock, Ontarie fi

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URING the latter part of August, a

fishing party from Alleghany, Pa.,

were camped at Mud Lake, seven miles
from the town of Brechin, Ont. on the farm
of Mr. Ben. Snodden. One morning the
camp was aroused to great excitement by
the appearance on the lake of a strange
object, fully twenty feet long, with a large
round head and with a quite prominent
hump in its back. It was slowly moving
along the surface, at times disappearing
beneath the water, but generally with its
entire length exposed to view. The fishing
program for the day was immediately post-
poned. Not a member of that party would
venture out in a boat and they speculated
on what might have happened to them had
they been out on the lake fishing, this being
their customary way of spending the day.

Seeing theTowner of the farm working in
the field’someidistance away, they ran for

his assistance, telling him of the huge sea
serpent in the lake and in plain view of their
camp. Noting their excited condition and

- being not a little curious himself, the farmer

hurried to his house for his rifle and lost no
time in getting to the lake front, where he
shared the surprise and curiosity, if not the
fear, of the campers. Taking careful aim
he sent a bullet into the side of the supposed
sea serpent. It dove down out of sight,
but reappeared almost immediately. He
fired again and scored another hit and the

Cc. S. B ~

monster disappeared from view, but only
for a second or two. Upon receiving a third
bullet it sank below the water, but in a mo-
ment up shot its ugly head, then its full length
appeared again on the surface and slowly,
as before, it continued on its journey. is
curiosity now fully developed, the farmer
decided to investigate at clcaer range, and
taking an axe and his rifle along he rowed
some distance out into the lake, alone in the
boat, for not one member of that party would
take any chances with a proposition like that
and they begged him not to venture out.
He went alone, however, but deeming dis-
cretion the better part of valor, did not a

proach nearer than one hundred feet of the
monster, from which distance he watched it
carefully for some time, axe in hand, and

‘ready for any emergency. But seeing that

it apparently paid no attention to him he
rowed closer in and then discovered what
it was, and in a fit of laughter he closed the
gap between them. The supposed sea ser-
pent was nothing but a crooked trunk of
a tree with a large knot at one end. Attach-
ed to the knot was a stout line and securely
hooked at the other end was a channel cat-
fish weighing more than twenty pounds.
It had broken the tree loose from its moor-
ings and towed it half way across the lake.
With every effort of the huge fish to escape,
down would go the tree, knot first, thus giv-
ing a very good representation, at a distance,
of some unusual monster of the deep.

JOHN: A

SKETCH

Cc. D. ELLIS

Sey prospect from his shack on the bank

of the lake in summer not only pleased
; the eye but filled the soul with admira-
tion and wonder. The lake of sea-green

_ water that reflected in miniature the world
_ to its horizon and added to its own picture
_ the sky, was also the fountain head of a mighty

Tiver that eddied and ran from these thou-
sands of feet above the sea, as many thou-
sands in miles until it at last found rest in
the ocean.

For aeons and aeons of years the great
architect had watched a greater flood pile
the elevated plateau with chrystalizing layers
of lime and for as many aeons more the re-
ceding waters sculpture and fret until what
pleases the eye to-day as snow-capped moun-
tain and wooded hills stood perfect before
their maker and man. This is the picture
that pleased John from early spring till late
fall and made the half tamed spot loved and
almost understood by him.

The scene in winter presents a no less pro-
found beauty. The distant peaks are akin to
the frozen lake; the rivers and brooks pulse
and beat in their icy walls like a giant suffer-
ing from arteriosclerosis. Thé inanimate,
unresponsive to sunshine or breeze, the ani-
mate thickened of blood and slow of spirit
await the return of spring.

John had spent many a winter in the forest
and knew the homes and habits of all the wild.

As with so many others familiarity had almost
bred contempt, the more he understood nature

at first hand the less he understood the phil-

osophy ot being. Autumn played and flirted
along with days of sunshine and days of
threatening storm until almost the middle of
November when the gates of winter opened
and the storm King rode down the muoun-
tain and swept through the valley with tram-

pilng feet o: snow, sleet and rain, churning ©
the lake to a foam, twisting and turning he

To Rod and Gun in Canada

Conklin Fountain Pen.
Get to work at once. Your
friends will enjoy reading the
magazine during 1917 and YOU
will enjoy using the pen. Sample
copies sent on request. ©

PREMIUM DEPARTMENT
W. J. Taylor, Ltd., Publisher

if
a]
You.can secure FREE a splendid
= WOODSTOCK, ONTARIO

Tells about the Hudson Bay Company, Northem
Indians and their modes of Hunting, Trapping, etc.

This book contains 277 pages, size 5x7 inches, is printed on good
quality heavy paper and contains thirty-seven chapters,

The book is from the pen of a Hudson’s Bay Officer (Martin Hunter),
who has had 40 years’ experience with the Hudson’s Bay Company—

from 1863 to 1903. During that time he was stationed at different
trading posts in Canada, Price, cloth bound, 60c. Postpaid, 70c.

W. J. TAYLOR Ltd., PUBLISHER Woodstock, Ont.

To § Share Profits r. |
FOX RANCHING

The owner of{50 Foxes, nearly all of the _
highest grade and one a silver dog, is
desirous of securing a partner with $5000 ff
capital to invest, for the purpose of ff
doubling the stock. Partner furnishing ff
capital would participate in the spring ,
increase. Six of the females!are from a
silver fox and each is likely to throw one
silver fox to the litter. Owner would like
to secure a partner having a place in the
East, State of Maine preferred, where
the foxes could be moved in June or July.
Owner would look after ranch on salary.

For Further Information Address—

ROD & GUN, Woodstock, Ont.

eer eae eS
“a op ;

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PvE Sime

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tre

944 ROD AND GUN IN

trees till they seemed like“creatures}trying to
escape from the blast.

During the night the storm ceased, the
King turned the ice key in the door and win-
ter was in possession. The troubled bosom
of the lake was at peace. A sheet of ice,
smooth and clear as crystal spread gbefore

this beautiful little world to the song birds __
and the wild flowers. ' , * ee

;

WOODPECKERS AS INSECT
DESTROYERS

A Canadian bank manager recently boast-
ed that he had shot seven woodpeckers in
succession in his orchard, evidently under
the impression that he was performing an
exceedingly meritorious service to the com-
munity. He was destroying one of our
most active insectivorous birds and, though
keenly interested in the conservation of his
trees and of our forests, he was destroying a
most useful ally in their preservation. Bor-
ing insects are deadly pests of trees, and
woodpeckers are their special enemies, as
they are able to reach these pests so secure
from other enemies. No birds are more
useful in the protection of our forests.

With the exception of the Sapsuckers, our
woodpeckers rarely attack healthy trees and
are among the most beneficial of our insect-
destroying birds. The Yellow-bellied Sap-
sucker has a black patch on its breast, while
the top of the head from the base of the

The Department of Marine and Fisheries
has made a successful experiment of con-
siderable interest to scientists and to salmon
fishermen. It has been contended for a long
time by scientists that the same salmon do not
ascend the Canadian rivers every year, but
every second year. In November, 1914,
a salmon was stripped of eggs at the Margaree
Pond, Nova Scotia, tagged and _ released.
The same fish returned a year later. On
November 4th, last year, a salmon measuring
thirty-two inches was stripped at the St.
John hatchery, tagged and released. This
fish with the tag attached returned this Fall
and was stripped of nine thousand eggs.
The fish had gained two inches in length
and two pounds in weight.

Gulls when visiting the rivers of the interior
valleys of California, says Mrs. H. C. Ohl, do
not appear to be wholly scavengers or pisciv-
orous as a California gull dissected by Mr.
Ohl was found to contain a stomach full of
black crickets and three whole field mice.

_In the American Game Protective Associa-
tion’s Bulletin of February 15, 1916 there
appeared the following:

Violators of game laws may be divided into
three general classes:

“The young, the ignorant, the thoughtless.

bill is red. These marks distinguish it from

all other woodpeckers. It girdles the trees
with holes in securing the sap which forms .
part of its food.

The different species of woodpeckers are
the most important enemies of the bark-
beetles and timber-boring beetles, these being
the chief enemies of our forest and other
trees. About seventy-five per cent. of their
total food is animal food and this consists
chiefly of insects,-among which the wood-
boring beetles predominate. The Common
Flicker is a great destroyer of ants, particular-
ly on lawns, as many as 5,000 ants having
been found in the stomach of a single bird.
The little Downy Woodpecker and Flicker
should be encouraged to come into gardens.
They will readily accept nesting-boxes and
the encouragement of these birds is the best
insurance policy that the tree-lover can take
out.

“Education and the creation of a sentiment
which will make a man ashamed of himself
for taking what does not belong to bim, are the
two weapons with which these classes must be
opposed. Organization is the medium
through which these weapons can be most
successfully used.”

To these three classes should be added a
fourth—the wilful. Men who persist in ex-
ceeding the limit or who persist in shootin
before the opening of the season, etc., nee
a stern hand of the law as an educational
orce.

The seal herds on the Pribilof Islands in
Behring Sea have increased so rapidly since
killing of the fur-bearing animals was pro- 2
hibited that the Government will begin to kill
them regularly next year, according to a
statement made by H. J. Christoffer, assistant
agent for the United States Bureau of Fisher-
ies, on his return from an inspection trip to
the islands. Mr. Christopher made the trip
on the steamer Elihu Thomson, which left
here Sept. 5 with Winter supplies for the is-
lands. The Thomson brought back 7,000
skins which were taken from seals killed to
supply food for the natives on the islands.
The skins will be shipped to St.Louis, where _ fe
the Government will sell them at auction. K a

ve
ley

Eo liael) ality cidneia Rae eee
A ro Me

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

No Motor Boatman Should Be Without a Copy
of This Reference Book, Price $1.25

If you ewn a motor boat or ever expect to, you should not be without a copy of this
book. It costs ealty $1.25, but its worth cannot be estimated. It is endorsed by the
leading boat and engme manufacturers, motor boa publications and boat clubs. The
largest firm of marine engine builders im the world, after reading a gery of Motor Craft
Encyclopedia, said: ‘We never expected that such a useful, practical book, would ever
be published. Instead of $1.25 you ought to charge $5.00. The information it contains

The evolution of the motor boat. _
Various types of motor boats in

common use.
The Built to Order, Stock and Knock
Down Boat.
How to select amotor boat. |
Points to be observed in buying a
second-hand boat.
Hew to build a motor boat.
Smoothing off and calking.
How to ) aint a motor boat.
How to install a marine motor.

is invaluable.

MOTOR CRAFT ENCYCLOPEDIA
The Standard Hand Book en Boats and Engines

Written in popular language from a non-technical standpoint.
pages of valuable information. Twenty-seven chapters, covering eve
oating. Tells a thousand-and-one things every motor boatman should
to overcome all motor boat and engine troubles. Handsomely illustrated and bow
attractive three-color stiff board cover. A useful reference book*for any library.j

SUMMARY OF CONTENTS.

The history of the internal combus-
tion motor.

Explanation of two amd feur-cycle
motor. B we

nternal combustion motor auxiliar-
ies and their functions.

How to operate an internal combus-
ton motor.

Engine trouble

Propeller wheels.

Reversible equipment.

Furnishings and fittings.

Contains over 150
phase of motor
now. Helps 7e5

in

Distress signals.

Harbor regulations. __ :

U. S. Life Saving Service Signals.

National Motor Boat Bill.

What to do in case of accident.

Rules for determining horse power.

How to lay up boat and engine for
the winter. ,

How to remove carbon deposits, and
other useful receipts.

How to build a motor ice boat.

Dictionary of Motor Craft terms.

Navigation rules.
TROUBLE CHART—Enables you to locate any ordinary engine trouble with dispatch
“WHERE TO GET WHAT YOU WANT” SECTION

This is a very useful feature for anyone interested in the purchase of a motor boat or equipment. It gives a
classified index of manufacturers and supply houses of everything needed by the motor boatman. Tells where te
get what you want. Describes and illustrates many of the latest and best things on the market.

Address Orders to Book Department W.J. TAYLOR, LTD., PUBLISHER, Woodstock, Ont.

| a
“GARAGES AND HOW TO
| BUILD THEM”

Every Auto owner is vitally interested in the subject of where to keep his machi
The most convenient place is on your own property in a private garage, the
architecture of which is in keeping with your house.

Sciennenee}|N000CNC EEE SS ces

There is also an extensive chapter on Garage
Equipment and Accessories in which is des-
cribed the construction and operation of turn
tables; gasoline storage and pumping; oil cabin-
ets; constructing a repair bench and tool cabin-
ets; lockers; rules to prevent freezing of water
in cylinders, radiators, etc.; washing apparatus;
lighting apparatus; etc.

This large 158-page book is the only one of its
kind and shows a standard collection of New,
° Original and Artistic designs for up-to-date Priv-
ate and Public Garages adapted to Frame,
Brick, Stone, Cement, Stucco, or Concrete Con-
struction, together with Estimates of Cost.

55 DESIGNS OF GARAGES are shown by per-
spective views and floor plans giving dimensions,
etc. Also remarks on Garage Construction,
explaining the advantages ot each form of con-
struction and giving details about the manner of
erection, selection of materials, hints on super- ||
vision, etc. |

It is just the book to give you important points
and ideas if you are about to build a garage. Its
information will save you money.

A Brand New Book, Elaborately Illustrated, Artist-
ically Bound, Price $1.00, Postpaid. Address:

W. J. TAYLOR, LIMITED, WOODSTOCK, ONTARIO

se ee

r

| 5 ANT AND

; FOR ALE. W at 4c. a word. Send re oy
: mittance with order. Copy Si

EXCHANGE DEPT,

ACCESSORIES

© FOR SALE—Set of Electric automobile lamps, two side
and one tail. Never beenused. Box L,ROD AND GUN
Woodstock, Ontario. TF

ANTIQUE FIREARMS

ANTIQUE pistols, blunderbus-
ses, cross bows, fine perfect.
Armour, swords, daggers. No
catalog. Good photos. State
requirements. llen, The Fa-
cade, Charing Cross, London,
Eng. 12 2T

Buy, sell, exchange all sorts old-time and modern Fire-
arms, Stephen Van Rensselaer, Antiques, 22 East 34th
_ St., New York. 6-14T

BIRDS AND ANIMALS

FOR SALE—Best quality ranch raised mink,
Canada wild geese.
Edward Island.

FOR SALE.—Black breeding skunks, foxes, muskrats,
wild mallard ducks, (callers, breeders). Pure clover
honey. Printing: Special—60 letterheads, and 60 en-

also
Nelson Waldron, Tyne Valley, Prince
J 6T

velopes, 50c. Also tame white rabbits, 75c. White
Wyandotte cockerels, $1.95. Book, ‘‘Fur Farmer’s Guide’’
25c. Satisfaction Guaranteed. Samples, lists, etc.—

02c Address—The Shady Fur Farming Co., Springfield
Minn., U.S.A. 12-1T

FOR SALE—SILVER BLACK AND patch foxes,
pairs or single; some reds from black litters. Write your
wants and get description and low price. T. R. Lyons,
Waterville, Kings Co., N. S.

Be WILD ANIMALS—Correspondence _ solicited _ with
_ Parties\ interested in Fox Ranching or in purchasing or
selling stock. Blake Vanatter, Georgetown, Ont. J.t.f

7
= *

DOGS.

12-1T

FOR SALE—Exceptionally high class Irish Water
epeels 5 months’ old, by Champion Imported Bally-
er Mike ex Lady Venus she litter sister to Hooker Oak
Hogan, winner at the last San Francisco Show. What
r do you want. Get busy. Guaranteed. H. R.
French, Wetaskiwin, Alta.

TRAINED HOUNDS—Norwegian bearhounds
Irish wolf hounds, Blood hounds, Foxhounds,
Deer, Cat, Wolf and Coon dogs. Absolute guar-
antee, trial allowed, purchaser alone to judge,
no questions asked, money refunded. Fifty-page

. illustrated catalogue five-cent stamp. Rook-
Ky i wood Kennels, Lexington, Ky. 12 tf
ine The Blue Grass Farm Kennels of Berry, Ky., offer for

__ sale setters and pointers, fox and cat hounds, wolf and deer
___ hounds, coon and opossum hounds, varmint and rabbit
_ hounds, bear and hon hounds. Also Airedale terriers.
_ All dogs shipped on trial, purchaser alone to judge the
H aeety: Satisfaction guaranteed, or money refunded.
; page illustrated, instructive and interesting catalogue for
ten cents in stamps or coin. b bs Eee yu

t ___ FOR SALE.—Pedigreed Airedale pups.
them, sell reasonable to quick buyers.

| Botsford St., Moncton, N. B.

Will guarantee
G. R. Watt, 176

should not be later than
the 10th of the month. {|

BOOK ON

DOG DISEASES
And How to Feed

Mailed free to any address by |
the Author

H. CLAY GLOVER CO., Inc.
Dog Remedies | 118 West 31st Street, New York

MANGE Eczema, ear canker, goitre, cured or no
charge. Write for particulars describing the

trouble, Eczema Remedy Company, Hot Springs, Ark.
10TF

MINERALINE—A thoroughly’ tested remedy for
mange, eczema and ear canker. Price 50c prepaid.
Concorida Kennels, Concord, Mass. 9-3T

AIREDALES FOR, SALE—Exceptionally high class
puppies ready for delivery, sire. Stormy-Weather, dam,
Topsy-Turvy. Write for booklet if interested. B. Wel-
bank, Quill Lake, Sask.

FOR SALE—Chesapeake puppies. Sired by Joe “‘B”’
The Dam, Felt’s “Bluebell” Bluebell’s Sire is Tony ‘“‘T’
shown on Page 428 SUA uo! number of this magazine’
Finest registered stock, prices reasonable. H. L. Felt
Findlater, Sask.

FOR SALE—6 Foxhounds, broken on Deer, Fox and
Rabbits, prices $10 to $20. 2 Boston Terrier Dogs, one —
year old, 1 Brood Bitch, 2 years, in whelp to Chapman.
C. H. Roos, Waterloo, Ont.

COONHOUNDS, Deerhounds, Rabbithounds, Fox and

Wolfhounds, good lookers and good workers, Walker and
July strains. Trained and untrained. Ten days’ trial
allowed. J. E. Adams, Herrick, IIl. 10 2T

FOR SALE—Splendid Llewellin, English, Irish, Gérdon
setter pups and trained dogs, pointers, spaniels and re-
trievers in pups and trained do Enclose stamp: for
description. Thoroughbred Kennels, Atlantic, Iowa.

FOR SALE.—Rabbit hounds, the hunting strain. Few
pups left. Also ferrets for sale, either color. Get yours
now. L. Walters, Norwich, Ont. 1 A

A couple of Irish water spaniels left to clear at $8.00,
male or female. Also registered Airedales, females at
$12.00. Producers of champions. Canuck Kennels
(Reg.) Lindsay, Ontario. 12-1T

LOST.—in Parry Sound District two Black and Tan

Hounds. P. E. clipped on left side. Information os \
& Ranney, Port Elgin, Ont. 1

LOST—Strayed from Bigwood, beagle hound, black and
white with tan head also a half collie and beagle dog.
Information leading to recovery thankfully received by
Jasper Howes, Hornby, Ont.

FOR SALE.—English setter pups from registered,
trained, heavily shot over sire an am. Sire winner of ~
seventeen firsts and special prizes, ten champions in blood
line, price $15. A.W. Westover, Sutton Jct.,P.Q. 11T

FOR SALE.—Wire haired fox terriers bred from winners. _
One yearling bitch soon due in season, also dog and bitch
pup. Particulars and pedigrees from Chas. L. Newhurn, __
65 Markland St., Hamilton, Ont. M.

ae
LOST.—Two hounds on Friday, Noy. 10, near Naiscoot _
Station, Parry Sound district. Dog black and tan, bitch, _
reddish tan or réd. Finder kindly notify me and be ©
rewarded. Geo. Stork, Mono Mills, Ont. 1 a

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

DOGS

FOR SALE.—Coon dog, four years old. Cold trails and
Halen Price $25. i Lam, Elkton, Va. 11T

LOST—Near Paget, Ont., Nov. 11, Red hound bitch,
white mark on breast. Finder please communicate with
F. Collings, Bradford, Ont.

Has

LOST AT SALINES, ONT.—A white Beadle.
F. J. F. Winterbourne, Ont. clipped on side. Address F. A.
Harrison, West Montrose, Ont.

CHRISTMAS OFFER.—10 per cent on any dog you
buy from now till January 10th, 1917. Deer, fox, ’coon and
rabbit dogs at easiest prices. Fr. W. Probst, Box 60,
Linwood, Ont.

ENGINES AND LAUNCHES.

FOR SALE—Marine Engines, two cycle, two, three and
four cylinder, also 2 cylinder 4 cycle. Allnew. Write for
further particulars stating horse power required, to box L.
ROD AND GUN, Woodstock, Ont. TF

FOR SALE—23 ft. Semi-speed launch, beam 4 feet
3 inches, finished ready for engine. This isa new launch,
now ready for delivery. For further particulars, etc.,
write Box F. Rod and Gun, Woodstock, Ont.

FOR SALE—Semi Speed Square, or Round Transom

and Compromise stern Hulls, finished ready for engine, up
to 30 ft. length. New. Will sell cheap. Box A. Rod ‘and
Gun in Canada. Woodstock, Ont. TF

or aie eas Boats. White pine and oak hull,
30 ft.x 4 ft. 3in. V bottom ty pe
E pammeriess 12 ga.
Srinckenres Pump gun or .25 ca P. Savage rifle. Geo.

Goodwin, Lindsay, Ont.
GUNS

FOR SALE—Fox Gun, grade B. Apply H. A McCharles,
Lucknow, Ontario.

SALE OR EXCHANGE.—.22 Winchester Automatic
Rifle, peep sight and Maxim silencer, cost $34, pemect
condition. Exchange for .22 H.-P. Savage or larger bore
rifle. H.W. Ives, Montague, P. E.

FOR SALE—Brand New 1911 Model Winchester Auto-
matic 12 ee shot gun. Six shots, straight stock, full
ar $55. Will sell for $42. Guaranteed in

GUNNERS—A BARGAIN.—Miullins, sheet metal
“Bastle Duck Boat,”’ 46 inch beam, 14 ft. ‘long with stand-
ards for attaching grass blinds, 1 pair oars, 1 paddle, 1 pole,
ceases gunwale and keeper, also two-wheeled cart for con—

veving boat. ey thing is new shape. Cost over $50.00,
will sell for $30.0 1 doz. Mallard, 1 doz. ‘Redhead,
20 Blue Bill wood decoys, carved and painted by a profes-
sional, absolutely in new condition. Half males and fe-
males. Price 65 cents each. The duck shooter wishing a
bargain will buy these now. Robt. Hodgson, Raglan, Ont.

A BARGAIN IN SHOT GUNS

I have been able to get hold of a few
PERFECTLY NEW, THOROUGHLY
TESTED, TOBIN _ Double-barreled
Hammerless Shot Guns at a very low
price. Regular $35.00 grade! can let
you have for $20.00, cash with the
order, or C. O. D. with privilege of
examination. -:- =<i- =i- = 5

W. H. MARTIN
SPORTING GOODS DEALER, - WOODSTOCK, ONT.

SPECIALS fo ng

aie poriasis, cancer, itre, tetter 4

ECZEMA sores, catarrh, andruff, sore :
eyes, rheumatism, vel stiff joints, pilenie ors)
no charge. Write for particulars and free sane ay
Remedy Co., Hot Springs, Ark. 10 TF

FOR SALE—Several Beers Thermostats.
automatic apparatus. for opening and closing the dampers oft”
your furnace, hot water heater, or steam boiler

keeping the temperature of your house uniform t hrough
every hour of the day and night.
These Thermostats can be installed by anyone who can
handle a hammer, screw driver and auger.
Gee particulars to Box L., ROD AND GUN, Wood

TRAP

AND QUNS
AT FACTORY PRICES

for Furs, and sell a Tra
we apples et nym a PACT ORY PRI gest) ts foe FREE
ATALOG, PPERS’ GUID)

E A. STEPHENS . C6., 240 Stophens Bullding, z. DENIER, Coto,

FOR SALE—Finest speckled trout it eggs. fry fry, fingerlings,
etc., at the private hatchery of Dr. A Robinson, Silver
Creek, Caledon. Address A. R. Robinson, Claude, ‘Ont.

FOR SALE.—Army saddle, fine condition, $10. Al.
Talbot, Tessierville, Que. 10-T

FOR SALE—One of the best known wholesale and retail
bait manufacturing businesses in America. Hundreds
of dollars worth of orders on hand. Will sell for less than
profits. A few hundred dollars placed in this business will
pay well. No time to answer curiosity seekers, so do not
answer unless you are prepared to act if proof is furnished.
Lock Box No. 241, Stanwood, Iowa.

FOR BIG GAME HUNTING AND ALPINING in the
mountains of Central British Columbia; by pack train.
You are sure of good sport in my section. Joe La Salle,
Mountaineer, Hunter and Guide, McBride, B. C. 2 5T

TO LET BY THE MONTH, NEAR QUEBEC—Warm
winter well furnished bungalow on shore lake, 14 miles
north of city, via auto roads; large living room and chim-
ney fire, 7 other rooms, kitchen and dining room separated.
Private half mile aqueduct from underground water spring.
Exceptionally grand EW Canoes, Boats, etc. Ideal
spot for skiing, etc. Few hours’ drive from famous “Gov-
ernment Game and Fish Park.’’ No neighbors. Fer
particulars apply by writing to Box 80, Rod and Gun,
Woodstock, Ont. JiT

TAXIDERMY AND TANNING

FORTY YEARS MANUFACTURER GLASS EYES
FOR BIRDS AND ANIMALS. Save money Send
to-day for my Taxidermist’s Supply Catalog No. 7. F.
Schumacher, 285 Halladay St., Jersey City, N. J. 12 6t

FOR SALE.—Large Moose head. spread 63 inches, 47
points, 20 inch web. Well mounted, nicely matched head.
J. G. Scott, Box 365, Campbellton, N. B

FOR SALE—Pair white swans, fully mounted. Will
ou cheap forcash. Box L; ROD AND GUN, Woodstock
nt.

FOR SALE—Moose Head, fine specimen excellent con-
geeon: Apply Box L., ROD AND GUN, Woadare
nt.

FOR SALE—Handsome Moose Head.
ROD AND GUN, Woodstock, Ont.

Apply Box T.,
TF

FISHING TACKLE.

FOR SALE—Several Fly and Trolling Rods, absolutely
new. Will sell cheap. Box L. ROD AND GUN, Wood-
stock, Ont. TF

This is an

at oxen
the moment when they should be opened or closed, thus —

Saves coal. Saves worry.
Write for fur-—

For Twenty-Five New Subscriptions

Premium Dept.

The Culture of Black “Cunt ta being besieged by recruests for teftasadiaa

result of the interest created by the splendid articles

d Sil F : + that have appeared in recent issues.
an liver oxes ae — demand, the pul are issuing the articles
book form, in which enthusiasts are given valuable and
By R.B. and L. V. hitherto sais information about ion. under the fol-

WOODSTOCK - ONTARIO Mailed to any address upon receipt ofjprice—6@c postpaid. ;
ER ERNE MOC SN Ot MED RE MEE IN OOOO EOS ES O-C as ]

:

<—
Rae
i
Re
he
Ne
\

& fn ou : ,
pre i. Par f
ry . oe ah vf .
- Y
A Ae A’.
, | :

A NEW PREMIUM OFFER

An Opportunity to secure FREE a Beautiful Oil Painting

We have the originals of the oil paintings executed by our cover design
artist, F. V. Williams, during the past year and have decided to give our sub-
scribers the opportunity of securing one of these FREE. Mr. Williams excells
in reproductions of Big Game Hunting, Canoeing, Fishing, Camping, etc. and
his cover designs reproduce with skill and fidelity Canadian outdoor life in its
varied phases.

Your Den’s Attractiveness May Be Greatly Enhanced by One of These

The paintings are of generous proportions being 19 in. deep by 14 in. in
width. The reproductions give a hint as to the coloring and quality of the
work but no reproduction can of course compare with the original painting.
The original of any one of the paintings which Mr. Williams has done for us as
i as the original of the November and subsequent covers may be procured

y you

Look through your fyles for the past year and choose the design that
appeals to you most. Then write us without delay of your selection and at
the same time ask for sample copies and subscription blanks which will be sent
— promptly. Interest your friends in Rod and Gun as a Christmas gift.

ou should be able to secure a nice number of subscriptions from sportsmen
who would like to remember their friends by sending them a year’s subscrip-
tion'teo ROD AND GUN, Canada’s leading magazine of outdoor life.

Address your application for cepies and blanks to

Croft, B.As M.D. lowing heads; Introduction, Heredity, Origin, Breed- .
ing, Mating and Gestation, Pens and Dens, Food and

eeding, Food and Care, Value.

* The volume is — roe with —_ taken
W. J. Taylor Ltd., Publishers ak poe bp ay Regn e ip Ageea ps Efat

interested in the profitable raising of this valuable

Pocket size, 265 pp., blue flexible leather, fully Mlustrated
CONTENT. i i

tooth gearing, Differential or balance gear, Shafts and their functions, T

and ae, Steam cars, The engine, generator, reverse gear, etc.

ADDRESS ALL ORDERS TO

Red and Gun in Canada = Woodstock, Ont.

AUTOMOBILE MOTORS AND MECHANISM

I S—The internal cembustion engine. Principles and construction. A
typical medern motor, The centrifugal governor, The hit-or-miss governor, Car-
buretors, The fleat feed principle, The float chamber and jet, Various types of modern
construction, Quality of mixture, Fleoding the carburetor, Carburetor troubles and
adjustments etc., Gear or Gearing, Belt and Chain Gearing, Friction gear, Spur on

shaft, half speed shaft, countershaft, etc, Lubrication and Lubricators, Pumps and
their purposes, Motor misfiring, causes and remedies, Noises in the Motor, causes
and remedies, Motor overheating, causes and remedies, Electric motors, principles

ices: Flexible Leather........ $1.50. Cloth Binding........ $1.00.

W. J. TAYLOR, LIMITED Woodstock, Ontario
“ee

tien, Ca ae.

|

FIFTEEN CENTS

"FEBRUARY, 1917

“The Wood Duck’’

SERVICE-—-Prompt
immediate acknowledgem

shipment,

no substituting,
ent of all orders-

refunding overpayments, |
these are the features of our

service to which we give very special care.
DRAUGHT VERSUS BOTTLED LIQUORS

Liquors in sealed bottles in cases cost one-third more than in draught, and

the quality is no better.
for the bottles

Following are some draught liquors,
especially ‘‘Balmoral’’ Scotch, which
we can highly recommend:

Prices include containers).

DRAUGHT SCOTCH.

Balmoral Fine Old Scotch, 2 gals. $12.50
Balmoral Extra Fine Old Scotch, 2 gals... 14.50
Balmoral Special Liqueur, 2 gals. 2 16.50

DRAUGHT CANADIAN WHISKIES.

2¢als. 1 gal.
Old Rye or Malt $ 7.50 $4.25
Extra Old Rye or Malt 8.50 4.75

Wiser's ; Special, Gooderham & Worts
Special, Walker's nero and
Seagram's ‘‘83,’ 9.50 5.25

DRAUGHT RU M
Fine Old Jamaica Rum .... ...1.$13.00 $7.00

DRAUGHT BRANDY.
Cooking af $11.00 $6.00
Old Cognac . 14.00 7.50

DRAUGHT HOLLAND GIN.
John De Kuypers $10.50 $6.00

DRAUGHT PORT WINES—DOMESTIC

Canadian Grape, 2-gal. jar s aceste eT EOD
Canadian Grape, Concord, 2-gal. i= > oor
Canadian Grape, Special Vintage, 2-gal. jar 6.00

HIGH W ee
1 gallon 2 gallons $13.50

TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF SALE.

Money Order, marked cheque or cash to accom-
pany all orders. If too much is sent, the differ-
ence will be returned immediately; if not enough
the shipment may be delayed. If cash is sent the
letter should be registered. Express Companies
will not accept C.O.D. shipments.

DELIVERIES—ONTARIO ONLY.

All orders are shipped the same day they are
received. Any further information desired will
be sent on request.

Freight or Express Charges prepaid by us east
and south of, and including North Bay on quanti-
ties quoted in the Price List

North and West of North Bay,
Ste. Marie add 50c per package.

North and West of Sault Ste. Marie add $1.00
per package.

$7.25;

including Sault

Why one-third more?
and the labor of bottling, for the same goods.

Because you are paying

CASE GOODS

ASSORTMENTS.
An assorted case of 12 bottles or over will be
filled, based on the case prices.

CANADIAN WHISKIES.

Case Containing 12 bots. 6 bots.

Walker’s Canadian. Club.........:.......5. $12.00 $7.00
Walker's Imperial... 300 eee 9.50 5.50
Wiser’s Red Letter, G. & W. Special,
Seagram’s- ‘‘83,’ and White
Wheat, and Royal Reserve...:... 11.00 6.00
Wiser’s Recreation, Imp. Qts. 9-25 5.10
Wiser’s Recreation Ambers a 6.75 3.65
Wiser’s Old Rye > Sas 145 4.15
Wiser’s Whiskey Clair - . 6.75 3.65
GS 6a We: Ordinary ; 9.00 5.00
Seagram's Three Star ........... 10.00 5.50
Seagram's’ One Stariis...c.. 8.50 4.50
SCOTCH WHISKES.
Per Case containing 12 bottles—
Catto’s Old Mar oon anctsdes sacs suse eeaieeee $15.00
Usher's. (O°. V2.Geik icc. sto eee 16.00
Dewar’s Spécial. ..>..25)... aS eee 16.00
White: Horse... .:..:).2.. 5c Re eee 16.00
Gatto’s. Gold: Label... ee 16.00
Usher's Special Reserve... 9... 5. 17.00
Dewar’s: Blue. Label... =... 4225-53... 17.00
Hill ‘Thompson’s Hill ‘Top\:..).... 22. 16.00
Walker’s’ Kiloiarnock. ..0 eee 16.00
John Begs’s=Red“Cap 2.2... nce 16.00

IRISH WHISKIES.

Keeganis Reputed: Quarts.<:3.:...... 2c
Jamieson’s Three Star Rep..........:......

Keegan's Imperial Quarts ............ BS Pee 5
Mitchell’s Irish, Imperial Qts. ais
Dunnville’s Imperial Qts.
Burke's Imperial Ots.

BRANDIES—Case Goods.
Cooking Brandy, Boutin..-
Brillets, 3 Grape. eR ee eee ee
Jules Robin
Hine 3 Grape. :
Hennessy One Star.2. eee

GINS—Case Goods.

Melcher’s Gold Cross—
Small Case—24 bottles
— Medium Case—12 bottles
Large Case—15 bottles.

Gordon’s London Dry. eh ee.

Coate’s (Plymouth 4.0. = ess wae

Booth’s. Old. fom... 2 eee

Ross ‘Sloe=2. 32.) SA ee eee

De Kuypers, large case, 15 bottles....:.......... 21. “00

JAMAICA RUM—Case Goods.

Finzi

prices on request.

JOHN LABATT, Limited, 4 St. Helen St. MONTREAL, QUE.

FORMERLY HULL, QUE.

Gold: Medal ene rrrte ccc aticee =o =e ee $15.00
Above are only partial lists—complete lists sk é

.

Woodstock, Ontario, February, 1917

Publishers are warned net to reprint contents, wholly or in part, without full credit. attached.

=

FEBRUARY CONTENTS

Hunting With The Modern Camera .......bonnycastle Dale
The Wood Duck F. V. Williams
Old Frying Pan H. C. Haddon
With A Watch And Compass E. D. Sismey
Hawks And Other Game Destroyers Reginald Gourlay
Shedding The Velvet E. T. Martin
Moose Factory R. J. Fraser
With The Timber Wolves in Northern Canada Geo. M. Belton
Big Game in British Columbia
Oola Of the Sharp Teeth Wm. McMullen
In the Highlands of Haliburton Katherine M. O’ Loughlin
Tips on Packing Geo. H. Sarver
Fishing Notes Robert Page Lincoln
Guns and Ammunition

Ramblings of a Rifleman
Alpine Club Notes
Matters Pertaining to Conservation
Along The Trap Line
The Trap

MUL OTaP ES OKs os tinea) Raa eae Re Wem ney ie rs Pa' Pee AAT poy a Fe Ue
Btedicime sas. 0: Re ok Sa

_SUBSCRIPTION PRICE to any address in Canada, Great Britain or in the United States $1.50
foreign countries 50c extra. Single copies 15 cts. All subscriptions are payable in advance.

REMITTANCES should be made by P. O. or ress mo ord bank checks er istered
letters ; if by check, exchange must be included. Pe ae ine Bek

CHANGE OF ADDRESS. When a change of address is ordered, both the new and the ekd
addresses must be given.

THE ADDRESS LABEL, shows the date to which subseription is paid.

ADVERTISING RATES and sample copies sent oa application.

Communications on all topics pertaining to ipo canoeing, yachti the kennel, amateur
poviewsrby ana trapshooting will be welcomed and published if aml ON af scunsreeuaneee must
; accompanied by the name of the writer, not necessarily for publication, however.

Rod and Gun in Canada does not assume any responsibility for, or necessarily endorse, views
expressed by contributors to its columns. x 4 ix’

Published by W. J. TAYLOR, LTD., WOODSTOCK, ONT.
—Branch Offiece—

New York, Lenden, England
373 Fourth Ave. . Geand Trunk

gs.
‘ St.

_ Entered Feb. 17, 1908 at the Pest Office at Buffalo, N.Y., as second-class metter under Act of
March 8, 1908.

12 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

Steel Fishing Rods

We take pleasure in presenting here four pictures illustrating the ‘‘Bristol”’
No. 33 Bait Casting Rod and Meek No. 25 Blue Grass Reel.

The picture at the top of the page shows the double grip cork handle 124
inches long with detachable finger hook. The handle trimmings are dull
French gray nickel more durable than bright nickel and much richerjin
appearance. The finger hook gives the rod a feeling of security when casting.
The picture at the left shows how short the rod is when in the case and alsa
shows a 5-foot length put together ready for casting. The rod also comes
4 ft., 414 ft., 54 ft., 6 ft., and 6} ft. long.

The picture at the right shows how convenient this rod is for carrying{infa
bag. The joints are only 14 to 20 inches long. The case is fine quality, red
denim, very durable.

The picture at the bottom shows the 3 casting guides and the specially
designed offset tip. The 3 guide agates and the tip agate are very fine in
quality, each carefully selected. Weight about 8 oz. Price $12.00 of your
dealer, or if he doesn’t have it and doesn’t care to order it for you, you can
order it from us by mail, at catalogue prices.

The Meek No. 25 Blue Grass Reel shown in the top picture can be easily
taken apart for cleaning and oiling by unscrewing the cap on back end and
thumb nut on frontend. The design is such that a mistake cannot be made
in putting the reel together. Pinion and gear stud are made of the very best
imported Stub’s steel and tempered, ground and polished to the highest
degree. Click and spring are of the best oil tempered steel. Capacity 85 yds.
of No. 5 Kingfisher line. Price $10.00 of your dealer, or if he doesn’t have it

and doesn’t care to order it for you, you can order it from us by mail, at
catalogue prices.

The above are two of the most popular of our 49 different
rods and reels. Write for

FREE “BRISTOL” and MEEK catalogues.

Our 1917 Art Calendar is ready. Beautiful full color
reproduction of a Philip R. Goodwin Painting. The rs
best one yet. Fine acquisition for your den, office or
store. Sent only on receiptiof 15c.

The Horton Mfsg. Co.

32 Horton Street,
Bristol - - - Conn.

Also Manufacturers of
Meek and Blue Grass Reels

Pacific Coast Branch

PHIL. B. BEKEART CO.,
717 Market St.,
San Francisco, Cal.

WOODSTOCK, ONT., FEBRUARY, 1917

HUNTING WITH THE MODERN
CAMERA

BONNYCASTLE DALE

asked, “How do you get near

enough to your birds and beasts

and fishes to photograph them?” that

I take this opportunity to answer—

not that I will refuse in future to

reply to personal letters, but that all
who care to may know.

My assistant, Fritz, (the good chap
is fighting for us now), would be
hard to duplicate as he grew up in this
outdoor Natural History life.

First of all you need as companion
a man or boy who can climb a cliff

S” many of my good readers have

.or tree, dive deeply in the water,

paddle noiselessly on either side of
the canoe, immediately act on any
suggestion given, (as indeed you must
instantly do when he requires it of
you), and be strong enough to get
you back to the trail in case of a
broken leg.

The only danger is from falls and
falling trees. Never in any ‘part of
the continent have I or my assistant
been in danger of our lives from bird
or beast or fish or reptile.. There is
not anything in the woods of North
America that will attack you, if
unmolested. The only glimpses we
unfortunately get of the celebrated
“Wild animals we have met’ is a flip
of the tail or a disappearing haunch.
The Mountain Lion is fully as deadly
as the rabbit. The fearful marine
monster! the Devil Fish! is about on

a par with a can of worms; we have
carried a fifty pounder in our canoe

949

for miles and all we had to do was
to push the grisly tentacles back
as they slipped and slopped about.
Either all the wolves about our many
camps were overfed, or perhaps over
dainty; and did not fancy me, who
am somewhat thin or Fritz who is
overmuscular and tough from con-
stantly running away from the deadly
terrors of the woods. No freshly
pawcaught salmon slapping on the
pebbles of a British Columbian river
was ever attractive enough to hold
a grizzily once he caught sight of
our approaching forms. The com-
mon black bear is a fat overfed, stern-
pointed racer, as far as we have
observed him. Even the tremendous
Blackfish, the smaller whale, dodged
our canoe in Sooke Inlet. I admit
this time I was a bit anxious. I am
not braver than my neighbour, may-
hap not as brave, but I have learned
to always go directly towards an
animal, as we men are the only ani-
mal always erect in the attitude of
attack. However, when the very
swirl of your antagonist would upset
your light canoe, and when you knew
that both he and the mating female
have seen and wondered what you
were, as they are most inquisitive
mammals, it is wise to do as we did,
race for the reef; and ground there,
as the tissue paper-like skin of the
whale makes it very careful about
chasing strange paddling animals over
sharp pointed reefs. We _ escaped

with a good wetting and the two

z Kia
A

950

monsters went love-making up the
Inlet.

A good faithful companion, the
double cedar Rice Lake canoe, six-
teen feet long, with small air tanks,
has carried us safely in many waters.

FRITZ THROWING THE BLACK SNAKE

It is, however, too small for the sea.
We always hire the local native and
his craft in tidal waters. The pre-
hensile toed South sea islander I had
on the Gulf of Georgia was ideal.
His fear of sharks was profound.
He actually tried to noose the tail
of one basking shark with our painter.
Had he done so the big soft bottom
feeding thing would promptly have
dived and our address would have
been Davy Jones’ Locker.

I must tell you of a very odd in-
cident we witnessed. They build
half mile long salmon traps, on the
Pacific coast, huge hemlock trees
pile driven like a long fence out into
the ocean. At the end there is a
series of wire and cotton netted in-
closures that are a perfect maze and
baffle the fish once in to escape.
The first big one called the ‘First

Heart” is about a hundred feet long ©

by thirty wide. All the long tide

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA. _

De rasan ae el Mi A
(FOr ie ace

RA j by eto
rg rt
YA uf x rig
ay! Sey ‘e, Pie
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,
we te

waved “fence”? is bound at the top ©
by two inch planks, narrow edge ie f
making a very treacherous footpath. —
Well, yielding to Fritz’s entreaties, —
ably backed up by the guide, the
South Sea Islander I spoke of, we

crept out on the top of this “fence.”
The whole mass waved sickeningly
with the rushing tide. Fritz and I
made it almost on all fours but that
barefooted native laden as he was
with both cameras, nimbly stepped
out and never once stooped for a «
hand clutch. We passed the “first
heart,’ then the “second heart” (I
knew of a third one, I was trying to
swallow it) then along the “Pot”
and finally we crept along the “‘Spill-
er.” Here a sight of wonder met
our eyes. In this forty foot square —
and forty foot deep inclosure swam
imprisoned some ten thousand spring
salmon and Steelhead Trout.
““What’s that dark thing weaving ~
about below the fish?’ Fritz called —
out. s:
“‘Oh-hi-yu,”’ said the Guide Tzum.
(Chinook for Seal or Sea-lion). i
The great nimble beast swam deep=
ly in the myriad throng of fishes, at

x

ene HUNTING WITH THE MODERN CAMERA

times nipping a piece clean out ofa
_ passing salmon with its sharp teeth,
\ this being done, as far as we could
see, out of pure malice.
“There’s a bigger thing deeper
down,”’ said Fritz as he pointed into

thing in the mass.
the-Wolf; and I think he is right.
“Cole il-la-ie wind,’’ grunted the
guide, and as we did not want to be
perched on top of that sea fence
when any “‘winter wind” came along

the Spiller net some fifteen feet below
us.

“Shark,” briefly explained Tzum.
Now a sudden commotien in the won-
derful deep water aquarium brought
both shark and sea lion close to the
surface. No emerald in Tiffany’s
ever gleamed as rich and pure a green
as did the eye of the swiftly passing
shark. Behind it came halibut, sea
bass, rat fish, a lone and awful sea
wolf; a thing whose whole mouth
cavity is one circular cave of grinding,
cutting teeth; an odd devil Fish with
some tentacles bitten off (strange that
after all the horrid tales I had read
of this sea monster it did not reach
up and pull us off our insecure perch),
hundreds of herrings and sea perch
and red rock fish, these latter bright
dabs in the clear green of the sea.
A few fin-flapping skates too waved
by, oe solitary pickerel and one big
devilish looking sturgeon, the ugliest

FRITZ LANDING A LEAPING MUSCALLONGE: ABOUT 500th OF A SECOND EXPOSURE,
GRAFLEX FOCAL PLANE

we started on our half mile misery
again. How I envied the monkeys
every time that unstable footing
would make me flop and grab. The
tide was rising now and the spray
made things a bit slippery. Finally
Tzum roped us as he would on the
hills and in this manner we made the
shore with only one slip and a wetting.
As_I was the silly one who slipped
I think that. word “only” should be
blue-pencilled.

We used a four by five “Bullet,”
and a similar size “‘Graflex’’ camera,
on this trip, both taking films. If
we used plates we would need an
extra man to carry, as we often
expose fifty times per day. A six
foot brass telescope tripod is good;
also a black pencil and a notebook
and a bit of food, a blanket, a six
foot strip of waxed canvas each, a
good big aluminum water bottle each,
and a small axe with which to kill

No! Fritz says

952

all the big bears and wolves and,
when it’s not too bloody, to chop
some wood with. Three number
twelve gunshells pushed into »three
number tens formed excellent water-
proof matchboxes and if stuck you

THROW A DECOY AND GET THE DUCK, THE
STRING AND THE ANCHOR IN THE PICTURE:
1000th OF A SECOND EXPOSURE.

can easily carry coals in peat in the
“billy.”” This outfit must be added
to if the next place on the trail is
more than fifty miles off. Besides
our many-pocketed coats had fishing
tackle and medicine case though not
a drop of alcohol was carried in the
last six years’ camping. Instead we
carry aromatic spirits of ammonia.

It is well to practise with the new
fast cameras, ones that work up to
a thousand of a second exposure.
See the picture of Fritz throwing the
black snake off the island. He whirl-
ed as fast as possible, never posing
for an instant, and it’s up to the man
behind the camera to get the picture
just when and where he wants it.
How this is done I cannot explain,
it’s just the same as in duckshooting.
You know you are going to kill the
bird, and you do, but you cannot
tell why. Just practice! practice!
‘practice! is the game.

ROD AND GUN IN CANADN

he FT De + Veli Gay bya}:
(En) aaa ale Re

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‘a hea
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-mascal-

Fritz landing the leapin _
longe was much easier as I had him
foul. He was restricted to his canoe —
and, as long as he followed the motor —
boat, I could picture every motion he
made in catching his fish.

To really prove the speed of your
machine take a decoy duck, line and
all and have a friend throw it out
into the flock, if you can get the string
the bird and the anchor clearly in
the picture you and the machine are
working together.

Try to catch the moving wings of
a humming bird. I set the shutter
for 1000th of a second. I use the
Auto Graflex Focal plane, it runs
the.exposures close to the film and
I easily caught the wings at the first
trial.

Now if you want “‘to eat your cake
and still have it,’’ which the proverb
says you cannot do, provide yourself
with a kneespring board that will

HUMMING BIRD

discharge the curtain the instant you
press it, put your gun to your shoul-
der, kill the incoming or passing duck,
of course you’ve got to hit it,—I
wish I was as sure with the gun as
I seem to be with the camera,—press
iy dora as

i

yur oard with your bent knee
and you can eat your duck and have
its picture too.

I think the greatest sport can be
had at the flocks of brant that
harbour on’ the Pacific Coast in the
winter and Spring months. Many
the day I pushed my canoe out into
the centre of the Inlet and swept up
the bay on the incoming tide. The
Brant were feeding on the tideflats
and they would begin to “‘head-up”’
when I was five hundred yards off,
leaping at about the three hundred
yard mark. The poor foolish birds
nearly always tried to pass out over-
head, climbing higher as I changed
from 12 to 10 bore to .22 special, but
I usually got a bird or two. Then

THE KAWARTHA LAKES

The maskinonge and black bass fishing
was very good on the central Kawartha Lakes
last season and many fine catches of these
fish were taken on Pigeon and Sturgeon Lakes
near Bobcaygeon, which is on the centre of
this system of beautiful lakes. Large num-
bers of tourists visit this place to fish for
bass and maskinonge and they usually have
splendid success. The illustration shows
what Mr. and Mrs. E. Frank of Buffalo can
land, with a light steel rod. This fish, which
was caught in Pigeon Lake three miles from
Bobcaygeon in September last, weighed over
thirty pounds, and was landed by Wm. Frank,
with a very light rod and a fine silk line, after
he had about twenty minutes of real sport
playing it. Mr. and Mrs. Frank have visited
Bobcaygeon several times and have always
proved that they are well skilled in the
piscatorial art. Mr. Percy Nicholls of Bob-
caygeon is the guide that Mr. Frank selects
to take him where the big ones play at their
ease in the deep caverns of the Lakes.

it occurred to me that I might as
well get some pictures of the flock —

passing out. This I easily accom-
plished and then came the thought, —
why not shoot and picture them too?
To do this the camera has to be raised, ©
exposed and lowered and the gun
raised and fired in three seconds and —
you will be astonished to see how
easily you can do it in a few days
practice. ;

When you have learned all this get
a maxim silencer and “‘pussy foot” —
out and slay all the writers who com- —
pose at their desks and do no field ~
work, and use sketches to illustrate —
“The Animals I Know Nothing ~
About.” as

\

F. V. WILLIAMS

The male measures from twenty to perhaps twenty-onejinches{in length while the female is generally an

inch shorter.

4

On the male the feathers on head and upper neck are elongated into a soft crest. The tail consists of six-

teen rounded feathers. The eyes and lids are red, while
base, the ridge and tip black, the same as the lower bill.
Feet are orange with black claws; crest and upper part of the head chan

the upper mandible of the bill is a light pink with a red

eable purplish green and the lower

art of head dark purple. A thin white line extends from the base of the bill and another from back of the eye
ackward to the tip of the crest. The throat is white, a fork of this extending up each side of the head. The

neck, sides and front are a rich chestnut brown, marked with white spots of a trian
is a large white crescent shaped spot edged with deep black. Below is dusky white
ellowish tint finely lined with black and white bars; flank feathers strongly border
Jings lined with white, barred with grey, crissum grayish brown.

ar shape. In front of
ey white; sides a decided
with black and white.
Back has a high lustre of purple and green,

speculum green. The female has hardly any crest. The feathers at the back of the neck are long however, giv-

pia the appearance of the crest to a more or less extent. ( I
of bill white with band or neck white, also ring about eyes white, which exten
thers; eyes light in color; belly white and spotted with brown.

Head and neck are grey with the feathers at the base
s .

ack toward the long neck fea-
The young males look somewhat like the females,

but the white about the eyes will always distinguish the female. This description could be more complete but
a glance at the color plate on the cover will be sufficient to identify either bird when in its full plumage.

HE annual vacation had arrived
and the regular crowd had col-
lected at the same old place.

Fishing, hunting and tramping, with
a bit of canoe work thrown in was
the order of the day. The same
bunch of “regulars” had arrived for
the evening meal in the log dining
room attached to camp. Fish stories
there were galore. Doc had smash-
ed one rod and broken two lines that
afternoon up at the ‘Mud Hole,”’—
the name given a small lake—hooked
four fine muskinoge and lost them
all and his disposition was a thing
to be worried about. His friend
Eldridge on the other hand had had
great luck and to look at his smiling

>, 4

countenance one would have thought
the world must be a very good place
to live in.

“Cheer up Doc ol’ top, get your
‘scatter-gun’ out of the case and to-
morrow we'll go and get a few more
of those birds.”

“What do you mean by birds?
Sparrows, chick-a-dees, humming
birds and eagles? What you talk-
ing about huh?”

“Come on, come on ol’ man, you'll
get over losin’ them fish, and say
you ought to see me nail ’em,—sport?
Say, you ought to get out of those

boats for a day or two, you won’t be
able to walk at all if you sit humped By
Ae

‘i

Bini
Re ke

i

¢ oe acd

up in a boat losing fishing tackle
_ for another day or two. ;
Right here Doc made a feint at
throwing the cream pitcher at his
tormentor. Everybody laughed, and
- Eldridge knowing when to quit,chang-
ed the subject with the remark that
“anyhow he had seen some of the
gayest fowl of the country, way over
North of the camp in asmall pond.”
“Well, tell us about these ‘gay
fowl’—what are they, or who are
they?”
“Ever see a wood-duck? I mean
a live one, out in the open. No?
Well, you’ve missed something. I
saw seven to-day in one flock four
drakes and three ducks and believe
i me they’re‘some pretty birds.”
j “Why didn’t you bring one in?
‘ Thought you was a gunner,” snorted
the Doc.

“Now, little man, don’t you know
there’s mighty fine partridge shoot-
ing in these here woods and why
should I waste my precious time
chasing a ‘painted{ bird of that sort,
why I'd have had to swim fifty yards
through lily ‘pads’ to have retrieved
my victim.”

**Ha! ha!’’ laughed the other. ‘‘Well,
I don’t offer excuses about not bring-
ing in the fish at any rate,” and still
joking each other the two left the
dining room leaving an individual
at another table thinking very strong-
ly about these same wood-duck.

The only time this hunter remem-
bered seeing wood-duck was out on
a small island in British Columbia.
Prowling around the edge of a se-
cluded little pond in hopes of seeing
a stray mallard, he had caught a
vision of bright plumage that had
come sailing in over the still water and
__ had alighted on a tree on the farther
'. side of the pond. That was years
ago, and memory of that “‘gay fowl,”
as Eldridge had described it—de-
termined the hunter to have one of
those*wood duck to take back with
him for his collection, but as “‘there’s
many a slip twixt the cup and the
lip,” so *twas with our Nimrod. He
- hunted for a week, even went to the
- small lake that Eldridge spoke of,
_ but nary a wood duck could he find,
- let alone bring in to camp, and El-
_dridge himself having got what he

_ THE WOOD DUCK

cOnsidered a

days, hoping to show Doc that he
could fish as well as hunt.

aes
The weather was all that could ~
be desired, the colors on the trees
simply gorgeous, bright reds and yel-

lows against the dark green back-
ground of the fir and spruce, and all

this reflected from the still surface — “a

of the Northern lakes, made the crisp
September mornings seem all that an
artist or nature lover could desire.
Our friend whom we mentioned as
having taken part in the dining room
conversation had but one more day
in camp and decided to spend the
time at Lynx Lake.
boat there and he had but to row
the length of the lake where the camp
was situated, a half hour’s hike,and
he would be at the boat landing where
he knew—from hearsay only—he

would find a beautiful lake that as

yet had not been marred by the
lumber companies despoiling the tim-
ber growths around the shores. 4

The trip over was without incident.

‘If a trip through the splendid autumn

woods was not enough in itself, it
would have been a dismal failure,
as there was not a bird or beast to be
seen during the entire distance.
Arrived at the lake our friend got
the oars from the shelter cabin where
they were kept and launching the
boat proceeded to the business of try-
ing to capture a bass. The bass,
however, were in no mood for arti-
ficial lures. Spinner or wooden min-
now, or bucktail or flies, or what not,
he could not get a strike and after
some hours he was about to quit when
he hooked a husky three and a half
pound fish that gave him enough
thrills to make up for his previous
bad luck, but at that there was evi-
dently something wrong, possibly the
bass were taking a vacation as there
were no more “‘strikes,’ and the
fisherman, after rowing up into a
little cove to reconnoiter pulled his
boat ashore and taking his sun went
forward along what was apparently
an old trail. He had scarcely lost
sight of the boat when through the

There was a

956 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 7H

PERHAPS THE MOST BEAUTIFUL OF THEIR.TRIBE,

WOOD DUCKS

RO Reacher eR
Senate BOS

A,
,

woods just ahead he saw the glint of
-. water. A few yards farther on and
a rustic landing was plainly visible.
A sudden idea taking our hunter he
left the trail and climbing a small hill
to one side that was securely covered
from the lake by a screen of ever-
green trees he had a fine opportunity
to inspect the lake. On the right
side the water appeared to be fairly
deep close in to shore; in mid-lake
there was a densely timbered bit of
an islet, and extending in from the
tiny island to the left hand side of
the pond or lake was a bar, or at
least a growth of water weeds, etc.,
that made a fine feeding place for
ducks, at least it would appear that
way, as there seemed to be eight or
nine fowl of some sort moving about
on the marsh. The distance was too
great to distinguish the species, but
after a few minutes’ careful survey
our friend decided he could get close
enough by taking shelter in some low
bushes near the shore end of the bar—
3 not only to get a shot but to perhaps
. take a picture.
It was a long way round to that
| point though; as he discovered before
he had got half way there. The woods
| were dry and the snap of a dry twig
sounded like a pistol shot, and for
that very reason the hunter went
straight back from the lake for a good
two hundred yards before beginning
the detour which he had to make to
aim at his objective.

A good hour had passed when fin-
ally on carefully topping a ridge above
the lake he could look down on the
marsh. _He was as nearly opposite
to the place he had chosen as it was
possible to get and now began a
cautious stalk of his game. Down
over the side hill he went. It was
not the easiest thing in the hunting
line to accomplish as the fowl were
pretty well scattered about their feed-
ing ground and when one was hidden
from one pair of eyes, it was a ques-

f tion if there was not another bird
’ feeding from a different direction that
: would be in plain sight. Now they
f were about one hundred yards dis-
tant, and looking through the branch-
es of a small fir the hunter saw for
__._the first time that these without a
_ doubt were wood duck.

ee Shey
MALE ob ban os 4

‘THE WOOD

yey tk

DUCK —

Re MN
i”

Pee! pee! pee! came their call, and ©
the fellow with the gun camera crawl- |
ed flat on his stomach to within per- —
haps seventy-five yards. |

stopped feeding and for perhaps a

minute it looked as if they were about

to jump and take flight, but presently
one, and then another started feeding

and swimming to and fro across the

small pools that dotted this bit of
marsh. So leaving the camera at
the foot of one of the trees he com-
menced to crawl. Cutting the dis-
tance down by a good third and hay-

ing gained the last shelter possible

he rested on the wet moss to await
developments. There were five splen-
did drakes in the bunch and he felt
sure he could account for two of these
should he get the right chance.

One, two hours passed; once only
in that time had he had an oppor-
tunity to shoot, and he let that slip
as there was only one bird within
range. The third hour passed. The
gunner’s legs were soaked, his hiding
place had become a small pool of
water that had seeped in where his
weight had crushed down the moss.
The afternoon shadows from the trees.
were lengthening on the Western side
of the lake, and the man on watch
was debating whether to retrace his
steps for home, when just to his right
one of the drakes swam in to within
possibly thirty-five yards and started
feeding. A bit further out another
one swam shorewards. Pee! pee!
pee-e! they called back and forth.
They were both within forty yards,
when drawing back the hammer on
his little sixteen gauge repeater the
man raised himself.

Bang! bang!

The other ducks scattered about
in different directions only to join
on the far side of the pond and go
sailing out over the trees. Right
here came the wonderful part—to
the shooter that did not know wood-
duck habits—neither bird had been
killed outright, but instead of head-
ing off shore they came as swiftly
as they could move straight in to-
ward the nearest shore and a little
to the right of the shooter. Scram-

CS 2a
P 2S
Woes i

2S
mes

.7~

Then ris-
ing slowly he got as good focus as
possible and snapped the picture. —
At the click of the shutter the ducks

we

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i
et
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om.

eo,

ey.

Bae
oS
‘

958

bling through the brush to this point
he discovered one of the drakes dead
and a faint fluttering in the tall grass
showed him where the other had
climbed out and hidden, too far gone
to go farther.

‘Well I’ll be blowed if I ever saw
anything like that before, ducks com-
ing ashore for you after they were
shot.”’ Then it slowly dawned on
him that perhaps that little sheltered
place in the grass and underbrush
had been a favorite hiding place of

theirs in more fortunate times and.

when they were mortally hurt they
looked to it as their only safe retreat.

Going back he got his camera and
hustled back to the boat as there was
a long trip back to camp and the
daylight was becoming mighty weak.
Before leaving the lake-side however
he got_a branch of bright autumn
leaves and using these for a back-
ground and one of~the best of his
specimens for a subject, he got one
good picture to preserve of this day’s

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

si

hunting and his first, and he resolved,
last, wood-duck, for there are lots
of mallards and other species that
are much more plentiful, so why
not pass up these truly beautiful
birds, at least until we are sure there
are enough of them in their old
haunts to preserve the species.

At camp the pair was so much
admired that the gunner was cajoled
into parting with one of them, but
the other sits in his glass case to-day,
a continual reminder of the first and
last. wood-duck that one hunter will
ever shoot.

Don’t get the idea from this that
the particular gunner referred to is
getting sick of the game. Oh nol!
when the opportunity presents he’ll
sit it out in a duck blind through
a “spasm” of snow or rain,°and enjoy
it just as well as the next one, but
he thinks the wild fowl referred to
is too beautiful and rare a bird to
exterminate.

What say you?

Courfesr CiP!' Ry.

RETIIRN BROOM THE HIINT:

x

WHS!

SAN

the first green feed is always

to be found on the snowslides.
Thimbleberry, bracken, wild straw-
berry, huckleberries and wild grasses
grow to perfection on the site of the
slides, and to these slides the game
come to feed. It is surprising how
many deer or bear can be counted
sometimes on a single slide. I my-
self have—but this is old Peter’s story.

Peter and I lay hidden on a slide
one cloudy afternoon in April. Be-
low us, fringing the creek, the cotton-
woods were breaking into tiny leaf.
High above us on the hillside, a cock
grouse drummed noisily to his hidden
harem. All the world was waking up
to new life and new hopes after the
winter, and love and courtship were
the orders of the day. Far up in the
sky, mere black specks, a couple of
hawks hovered around the rough
colléction of sticks that they called
a nest. A gopher whistled shrilly
from a near-by rock. Back in the
timber a red squirrel chattered im-
patiently to himself.

There were a couple of little black
bear out on the slide, yearlings we

[ tone fi spring in the mountains

H. C. Happon

MISS |
S

MW

ez
aol 2

Wi

comet fe —————

judged them to be from their size.
They were too far away for accurate
shooting, and we were waiting in
the hopes of their coming nearer.
Peter had his old rifle with him, but
I only carried a camera, and the day
was too dull for photography. I had
come back into the mountains to
spend a few days with the old bear
hunter, and Peter was telling me in
a hoarse whisper of some of. the bear
that he had shot this spring. Of a
sudden the two black cubs that we
were watching threw up their heads,
snorted, and made a bee line for the
timber. I was curious to see what
could have scared them, for they
were too far away to have heard us,
and the wind blew from them to us.
I was trying to see without being seen
when I heard old Peter draw in his
breath with a sharp hiss.

*“‘By gum!” he said, and spat slen-
derly, then added, “‘Old Frying Pan!’’

So that was the first time that I
saw the grizzly that was known as
Old Frying Pan. He was about three
hundred yards away, but even at that
range he looked as big as an ox. A
huge shaggy monster, he was the true

960

grizzly, and even at the distance we
were from him we could see the
wonderful silver tinge to his coat.
*“‘He’ s my bear this year,”’ said old
Peter, ‘cand I’ll get him or bust!’

Certainly the bear was a trophy
that any hunter would be proud of
securing. After a few minutes spent
in surveying the surrounding coun-
try he started to feed on the tender
bracken and thimbleberry shoots.
We were well hidden, and on higher
ground, and there was a good chance
ofghim working up hill into range of
Peter’s rifle. However, that is just
what he didn’t do. Instead the bear
wandered across the slide, feeding
as he went, and it was a case of a long
shot, or none. at all.

Peter put his sights up to three
hundred and fifty yards, and took a
long steady aim before he fired.

Talk about transformation scenes!
The big bear was galvanised into
immediate life and action, and it only
took him a very few seconds to reach

the protecting timber.

. I don’t think I should be allowed to
repeat Peter’s remarks! We could
find no trace of blood marks, and
the old hunter had to admit that he
had scored a miss. We found the
bear’s tracks, and I understood then
the aptitude of his name—Old Frying
Pan, though it would certainly take
a very big pan to cover those huge
tracks.

I saw no more of Peter after that
till late in August. Bear were out
of season, but I spent a week with
the old hunter, fishing in the creek.
I had brought a few luxuries back
into the hills with me, including a
pot of honey, for woods life gives
one a great craving for sweetstuff.
The sight of the honey gave Peter an
idea, and together we rigged up what,
for want of a better name, I can
only call a bear’s booby trap. We
found a tree with a projecting limb,
and from this limb, by a good stout
rope, we hung a gunny sack filled with
sand. The sack was about six feet
from, the ground, and about a foot
from the tree trunk. In the trunk
of the tree, immediately behind the
suspended sack, we hollowed out a
good sized hole, and into this we
crammed the honey, and plastered

ROD AND Ge N CANADA

2 eats ma et PARE a ae

the tree trunk with it. "Wer

also
scattered around a few handfuls of is

charred bacon, and the trap was set.

I spent several unprofitable morn-
ings watching the trap, but never. saw
a bear come anywhere near it.

Then one Sunday afternoon Peter
and I both lay hidden within easy
view of the trap. We were supposed
to be watching it; I say suppose, for
the afternoon was too hot even for
fishing. It was much nicer to lie
on one’s back behind the big cotton-
woods, and listen to the music of the
creek, and feel the coolness of the
water.

Peter has one great failing. He
lives about nine months out of every
twelve absolutely alone, and when
he is with anybody he ‘cannot help
talking. Silence, in company, is ab-
horrent to him. Peter wanted to
talk this Sunday afternoon, and I
wanted to go to sleep.

“Do you remember that big grizzly
I shot at this spring, back on the
slide?”? he asked, after vainly en-
deavouring to drown an ant with
tobacco juice.

‘Sure!’ I replied.

“‘T had another shot at him after
that,’’ continued Peter, “‘and I didn’t
miss him that time.”

“You didn’t get him?” I asked
casually.

“Get him!”
old Peter’s voice.

There was scorn in
“No sir, I didn’t

get him. He darned nearly got me ©

though, the miserable leather-skinned,
iron-boned, fire-eating old

There is always something funny
in hearing a man swearing in a whis-

per, and I am afraid I smiled. Peter |

noticed me, and went on. :

““T had that grizzly in a trap soon
after you went back.” This was
getting interesting and I apologized to

Peter, and asked him to tell me all —

about it.

Peter was only too glad of the
opportunity, and briefly, this is what
he told me. I was to understand that
I was a privileged audience. He had
never told any of the boys down in
the settlement, for fear that they
would josh him about it. It seemed
funny now, but it was darned serious ©
at the time.

|

S

And he’d be blamed © x
if he could understand yet why his

at is

introduction before he started his

story). He had set a few traps on

the edge of the slide soon after I had
gone back, and by a lucky chance had
managed to catch old frying pan. By
a still luckier chance Peter had hap-
pened to visit the trap about half an
hour after the bear was caught. The
trap was having a pretty rough time
of it, as were also any logs or trees

- within the bear’s reach. A trapped

grizzly has a pretty rank temper till
he gets tired out! Peter believes that
the only good bear is a dead bear, and
so he didn’t waste any time. His
bullet caught Old Frying Pan in the
neck, and the bear went down at
once, and Peter came out from the
tree he had’ been standing behind.
The bear wasn’t dead though, and
as soon as he saw Peter, he came for
him, trap and clog and all. Then
the clog jammed between two trees,
and everything happened at once.
With a straight dead pull, the grizzly
was out of the trap in about two
seconds. And it didn’t take Peter
any longer than two seconds. to shin
up the nearest and biggest tree within
reach. Of course he dropped his
rifle. People always do in a case
of this sort.

That’s about as far as Peter con-
fided in me. As you know, a grizzly
can’t climb a tree, nor could Old Fry-
ing Pan either dig Peter’s tree up by
the roots, or chaw it in half, or push
it down, though he tried all three.
He must have been good and mad
all right. As to how long old Peter
stayed up in that tree, I am afraid
Ican’t tell you. He himself admitted

_ that it was quite a while, and added,

with.a grin, that the nights were
pretty cold.

Even a grizzly’s temper cannot
keep red hot for ever,'though, and
when Old Frying Pan had tired him-
self out and gone away, then Peter
came down out of the tree. Some
men would have quit there and then,
but not so Peter. He wanted to

get that bear worse than ever now,

and spent several unprofitable weeks

trying to gratify his ambition. That

was Peter’s story, and as soon as he
__ had finished it I started to get sleepy

Be emi) bah Pes) ah Sg

4 ae 4 ’ tS \ ea iat Nene Ag:
WA: Gitar i ye hy be Ne Naa eh ligt ety :
Pane Roe OLD FRYING PAN

bullet hadn’t killed the bear. (The
old hunter gave me quite a long

ee 2 a al
PANE BU |

v
f

to instant attention.
whisper he said:

“Qld Frying Pan’s sniffing round —
They say that.

thatihoney right now!’
it is the unexpected that always hap-
pens, and certainly, after what Peter
had just told me, this was the one
bear in the country that I never ex-
pected to see anywhere near the
trap. He was picking up the odd
scraps of bacon, and though he could
smell the honey, yet he distrusted the
gunny sack. For a few minutes I
was afraid that Old Frying Pan would
go away without investigating furth-
er, but, after a few minutes of hesita-
tion, he started to scratch the ground
up under the sack.

‘‘What’s he doing?’ I asked Peter.

“Trying to spring the trap, I guess”
was the answer. It looked as if
Peter was right, too, for after satisfy-
ing himself that there was no hidden
steel under the sack, the bear very
gingerly raised himself onto ‘his hind
legs, and sniffed at the sack. This,
too, had been smeared with honey,
but that glorious honey smell seemed
strongest around that little hole. A
bee’s nest, obviously! With a heave
of his great shoulders, the bear knock-
ed the sack out of the way, and we
could see his tongue licking up the
honey. Only for a second, though,
for the sack swung back, and caught
him a lively thump on the shoulders.

With alittle grunt, Old Frying Pan
heaved the sack away again. He
was too interested in the honey to
take much notice of the sack, but
the sack proved very insistent. With
the added impetus of the second
heave, the dead weight of the sack
caught the bear full and fair on the
shoulders, and almost knocked him
off his feet. 4

I could hardly keep from laughing
at the lugubrious expression on the
bear’s face. He examined the sack,
and the tree behind the sack, and
the ground under the sack, all with
the minutest care. Then, very care-
fully, he pushed the sack out of the
way again.

And ‘“smack!’’—back came the
sack again.

With a hoarse bellow of rage, Old
Frying Pan saw red. Three lightning
like blows with those great fore paws
of his, and the sack, torn to tatters,
hung empty from the rope.

And this time the bear finished
the honey without any interruption.
When the hole had been licked clean,
and all the odd scraps of bacon col-
lected, the bear stood looking in our
direction for a few minutes. I fancied
that he must have seen us, for there
was a deliberate challenge on his face.
A wonderful shot he made standing
there, but neither of us had a rifle,
and after a few minutes he shambled
off into the forest. I was a littledis-
appointed with the display he had
given us, but old Peter was delighted.

“Isn’t he a dandy?’ was all the
old hunter could say, “Isn’t he just
a dandy?”

Well, September came and went,
and bear skins became prime again,
and Old Frying Pan still roamed the
hills. Wasted weeks brought Peter
no nearer to the gratification of his
ambition, and so the old hunter de-
cided that he needed allies. Six of
them he got, great husky, plucky
Airedales, all guaranteed bear dogs.
The very cheapest of them cost fifty
dollars.

Then one autumn morning down
by Cottonwood creek, over in White-
man’s valley, the dogs first roused

-It was a stiff climb for the old hunter,

ing fori
summit, making the hills re-echo ~
with that music that is so dear toa
dog-man’s heart. :
If the bear thought that he could
elude the dogs, that morning must
have. brought him disillusionment.
Close to his trail stuck the dogs, and
along the summit went the chase,
almost as far as the Divide, and there ~
the bear turned in his tracks, and —
started working back, lower down \
the hillside. Old Peter could not
attempt to follow, but he knew that
the bear would either escape, or be
brought to bay somewhere up on the
rocky ridges of the summit. And
that is just what happened. About
noon a frantic barking from the dogs
announced that Old Frying Pan had
been cornered up on the summit.

but he wasted no time. His coming ~~
gave fresh heart to the tired dogs,
and the sound of Peter’s encouraging _
voice urged them on to further efforts.
That was Peter’s mistake, for he
should have called the dogs off, and
relied “on his rifle. Old Frying Pan
had chosen a wonderful place for
his stand. Sheer rock behind, and
two great slabs of rock on either side,
he was only approachable by the front.

pe

BN YY VY

Wf:
| Fry

0 d not. use_his rifle

ae Ww,
and pion for room as they were,
the dogs could not elude the bear’s
great murderous paws.
‘Laddie was the first to go.
caught up, and hurled against’ the
rock, and died where he fell, a broken
Briss shapeless mass. Then Queen came
and whined at her master’s feet, all
her stomach torn out, and died there,
still whining. The rest of the pack
did not let up, though, and sorely
tried, Old Frying Pan rose up on his
hind legs, and before Peter had time
to shoot, Bessie was at the bear’s
throat. She was crushed dead in
_ the bear’s embrace in a second, but
in that second the other three dogs
were all over him. And left and
right, rip and slash, went those great
forepaws. Then, very suddenly, be-
fore old Peter could quite realize
what had happened, Old Frying Pan
walked out into the open, and bear
and man stood facing one another.

He was

ol tery unig acked — yas yapping ;
agony, but. the other. dogs wer

still, most of them dead where the
had fallen, and all bleeding horrib

Old Frying Pan was not unmarks

and bloody foam flecked his mouth. —
For a full minute he stood there,
gazing at the old hunter, lips raised,

and teeth, showing in a ferocious

grin. Then, very quietly he turned

and walked away—the victor.

- Old Peter made no attempt to
shoot. With eyes tear dimmed for
he had learnt to love his dogs; he
gazed after the retreating bear. Then,
very softly, with admiration showing
in every word he spoke, he said:

“You grand old man! You de-
served to win! We’ll. fight fair, old
bear, just you and me alone, and—
l’ll-get-you-yet!”

Old Frying Pan never heard him,
never looked back, never stopped,
and down in the settlement the boys
never understood.

WITH A WATCH AND COMPASS

E. D. SISMEY

HERE are very few men who

would go into the woods with-

out a watch but there are a

few who will go without a compass.

Now as both articles are more or less

interchangeable in their uses it is

useful to know how to tell directions

by a watch and time by a compass.

It is common knowledge that at

noon the sun is due South and that

during the 24 hours the sun makes

one complete revolution, i.e., 360

degrees of angle, while the hour hand

of a watch makes two revolutions.

Thus we will establish as an axiom

that the hour hand of a watch moves
twice as fast as the sun.

At noon a watch will point South

merely by pointing the hour hand at

the sun, but in three hours the hour

hand will have travelled through a

right angle while the sun will only have

travelled half that distance.

From

these facts we may establish the fol-
lowing inflexible rule. Point the hour
hand at the sun, the half interval be-
tween the hour hand and the 12
o’clock mark on the dial will be
South (Astronomic).

A circle is divided into 360 parts
called degrees while a watch is divided
into 60 parts called minutes, there-
fore one minute on a watch dial is
equal to 6 degrees of circular measure.
To find any bearing with a watch:

Set the watch on a stump, revolve
until the hour hand points at the
sun, mark South on the stump with
a match or twig. Leaving the watch
untouched sight over the dial through
the center with a string or twig, lay
carefully down on dial and read the
number of minutes between North
or South (whichever is the smaller)
Multiply the number of minutes by
six and read in circular bearing.

on
i
oe.

J

te PR es ee ee eS ee ee

ay

oe ee

si ae

ee

; 2
J
a
q }
.

964

Ang le ~~ 20x8L.= 420° of Are

_ /20° prom Sov 4A

S earmy = N 8-fA 60° Mect

To find due North at night it is
only necessary to find Polaris (the
North Star). The first two stars of
the Dipper (a and b) which every-

BS
Oo. x
2 re
epee 2
@

To find the variation of the com-
pass in any particular place it is
necessary to go out some starry night
and proceed as follows:

Hang two strings (weighted at the
ends) about one foot apart and line
them on Polaris. Place the compass

between the two strings so that the

AN AA

ly

Having a compass and knowing the
variation, Solar time can be found
as follows:

Set a compass on a stump and re-
volve until the needle marks off the
variation—thus if the variation is
25 degrees East of North, revolve

body knows, are called the Pointers

and the only conspicuous star in line

with them is Polaris. — ae

w!

> Ww: fa lorrs a:

{ :
/ 43

line between the two strings falls
through the center of the compass.

Rotate the compass so that the zeros ~

N. and S. are in one and the same ~

straight line as both strings. Read
the angle between the north and the _
needle. This will be the variation —
East or West.

Fats Flor ATPL of - a
North

until the needle points 25 degrees on
the East side of North. When so ~
placed the zeros North and South —
will be the astronomic directions. —

With a string or twig point over the ©
dial at the sun, so that the twig falls -

through the center. Count the num-

of oa goes

0 degrees in ie hours,

0 degrees to the hour or twice
st as the sun, therefore every

Anyle =

Noast)

Versa ren

-

To construct a sundial giving Solar
time: As before set two strings by
Polaris North and South about three

7

al such. a way if
la time may be fou
within 15 or 20 minutes of hee :
time. Ne

FOr of Are

Ziin ¢ ee

feet apart so that the line falls thronel 7
a-stump. Plumb a small stick an
place it in the North and South line

yo

966

on the South side of the stump. Next
day about noon watch the sun and
at the instant the two strings fall in
line with the center of the sun, put a
mark on the stump for noon. Take
a piece of paper with a square edge
and mark on both sides a right angle
from the stick “A,” and the noon
mark (these points will be due East
and West). With a pencil and paper
or a rule divide the arc of the circle

ROD AND GUN IN CAN A

ure

f
td aaais

Ne ae
these wil

es

into six equal parts;
present hours.

These few dodges may be of use _
to a hunter or prospector;totheform- _
er to find his direction, check his —
time or even reset his watch should
he neglect to wind it and to the latter

all the above uses and in addition
the locating of the bearing of a claim

or to set his own location stakes.

HAWKS AND OTHER GAME
DESTROYERS

REGINALD

OR a long time it was my rooted
impression, as it is doubtless
the impression of many other

sportsmen that all the hawks, especi-
ally the larger ones, were inveterate
game destroyers.

In this impression I was quite mis-
taken as I have been in other matters
at times during my existence. I have,
however, discovered, partly by the
diligent perusal of the works of re-
liable naturalists, partly from my own
observation, that more than half of
our northern species of hawks, about
eleven in number, for the most part
never molest game birds or poultry
at all; or even small birds; but subsist
almost entirely on rats, chipmunks,
mice and other rodents, frogs, snakes
and insects.

All these hawks are most beneficial
to the farmer and should be encour-
aged and protected everywhere, in-
stead of being shot at on sight as they
generally are.

I would advise any sportsman who
doubts this to peruse a short but
valuable pamphlet, ‘“‘The Birds of
Ontario” by Chas. W. Nash of To-
ronto, which is so reliable and valu-
able that it was ordered to be printed
for the benefit of agriculturalists by
the Ontario Government.

This same legislature, by the way,
wth beautiful consistency, notwith-
standing it ordered this work to be
printed still retains in our Game Laws

GOURLAY

for Ontario a section permitting all
hawks to be shot at any time.

Before returning to my proper
subject I may dismiss the eagles
with the remark that there is little to
be pleaded in their favor. They are
great game and poultry destroyers
without doubt. They also often take
young lambs, and puppies. However
they are so rarely seen in civilized or
settled districts that when observed
they should be spared on account of
their magnificent appearance and
fascinating beauty of form and flight.

The “Osprey” Fish Eagle or “Fish
Hawk” is not uncommon in Ontario.
I have shot two of this species for
taxidermic purposes in the county
of Prince Edward where this article is
written, within a year or so,and
Prince Edward is‘an old and thickly
settled county. The last one shot
fell in a brush heap “‘by the waste
lake shore” and cured’a young dog
who tried to fetch him of retrieving
anything for over six months, freez-
ing on to one of his ears with its tal-
ons. No one who has not tried it ©
has any idea of the fell unrelaxing
srip of one of the big hawks when
he puts his soul into it. The grip of
the big eared owl or Eagle owl is the
only thing of its kind that I know of 4

that is worse. I have tried both.
Experto crede! oa

The osprey, however, doesnotdoas —
much harm as the other eagles. He it

/ Ai
s

- leaves trout streams alone—in these
parts at least, which is more than

The owls require a separate paper
but as I have mentioned the ‘Eagle
4 owl’ or great eared owl I shall give a
short account of my experience with

the only one I ever shot in this county
of that kind.

These magnificent birds, now very
seldom seen in settled Ontario, are
denizens of the Northern wilderness,
and when they do visit cultivated
regions, are both very voracious and
very fearless. This was the case
with the pair I encountered anyhow.
A young friend and myself had been
hunting rabbits (and anything else
that would turn up in a large belt of
swamp in Prince Edward County) one
November day some years ago. Quite
early in the morning a great bird
rose from a clump of thick brambles,
and brush quite close to us, and sailed
smoothly off. My friend shotit. It
turned out to be a great horned owl,—
the first seen in this district for years.
We packed him up carefully for taxi-

dermic purposes, and continued our
hunt. The bird was a female one.

“*About two hours after, I was watch-
“ing a runway forhare. The two
__ gmegies were in full cry and soona
‘a e came galloping up the runway.
4 straight at me. I fired, and bowled

him over. I was standing still, wait-
ing for the hounds to “run up” to
- the game, when a big dark shadow
. crossed over me, and a great eagle
owl, evidently the mate of the one
first shot actually swooped down
on my quarry, and proceeded to carry
it off before my very eyes. I prompt-

ly fired at the great bird, and brought’

him down, mortally wounded, but
not dead, as I and the beagles soon
found out. -

The hounds soon came dashing up,
and the owl prepared to receive com-
pany. One dog fled howling, the
other howled too, somewhat louder,
but did not fly at least not fast, be-
cause the owl was hanging onto him.
I rushed to the rescue, and the fierce
bird, quitting his hold on the dog,
sunk one set of his long curved talons
_ in my leg above the knee, and reached
iy) for my right hand with the other

oe

i the kingfisher and the big blue heron ~
0

at the same time buffeting me ¥
his sound wing. : I got a strangle
on him ere long, and eliminated
in due season; the dogs were neith«
good for use nor ornament during
the fray but I have the scars of the
encounter on my leg yet. Be 4
The Eagle Owl is as heavy as the
Bald Eagle, and quite as strong and ~~
vicious. Both these rare birds were ~
stuffed and preserved as specimens. ~
The “‘Long-eared Owl’, the ““Small-
er Short-eared Owl” and the beautiful
“Snowy Owl,” bird of the bleak —~7
arctic tundras and the vast solitudes
hostile and deadly to man, often visit
Ontario,—the latter—generally in the ©
depths of winter; and are all most
destructive to game and poultry.
The lesser owls particularly the
barn-door owl, and the little screech
owl, are more beneficial than harm-
ful, as they destroy an immense
amount of mice and other vermin,
though they do get away with a good
many small birds. vais
But the owls require a paper to
themselves if one is to do justice to
the subject. Let us return to our
proper topic, “Hawks harmful or
harmless.” \

Of Ontario hawks, the following
may be classed as harmful, or “‘des-
troyers’” of game, poultry, and small i
birds. The big, and beautiful‘‘Goss- \
Hawk,” the “‘Cooper’s Hawk,’ the :
“Sharp Shinned Hawk,” the “Duck
Hawk,”’ the ‘““Pigeon Hawk”’ and per-
haps the little “Sparrow Hawk.”

These six are the culprits or bad
characters among the hawks. All
the others, including all the so-called
“Hen Hawks” and the ‘‘Marsh Har-
rier,’ are not only harmless, but very
beneficial to the farmer for they kill
an enormous amount of mice and
other noxious virmin. This has been
proved over, and over again, both
by Mr. Nash, and by the American
Naturalists connected with the Agri-
cultural department at Washington
who have opened the stomachs of
hundreds of these birds, and in no
case have found traces of game or
poultry; but always mice, rats, frogs,
lizards, and other noxious and far
too abundant inhabitants of our barns |
fields, and waters.

968

Let me digress$here a moment to
say that it is a useful thing to know
that the beneficial hawks all migrate
in the winter. The harmful hawks
do just the contrary. They are most
active in cold weather, because most
hungry then. Therefore if anyone
sees a hawk hanging round in barn
yard in late November, or in Decem-
ber, he should shoot him on sight.
That hawk is after no good.

First among the Ontario Rapicidee
or game destroying hawks is the
splendid and most destructive “‘Gos-
hawk,” who comes to us, like the
eagle, and snowy owls, from the
bleak North.

The ferocity and fearlessness of
this hawk are remarkable. I remem-
ber, once many years ago, at our old
homestead on the mountain over the
city of Hamilton, a hungry Goshawk,
one snowy December morning pounc-
ed on a large Bhrama hen, carried
her out of the yard, over a large orch-
ard, up to the edge of a grove in the
grounds, where he was proceeding
to assimilate her without saying grace,
or any other ceremony. hen I
appeared from behind the orchard
hedge¥less than forty yards off, with
a gun in my hands, the bird rose, with
his prey still clutched in his talons,
but he was greatly hampered by his
heavy burden, and I had no difficulty
in bringing him down.

I found that in making his terrible
grip, which had gone clean through
the big fowl’s body, he had somehow
got the intestines tangled round his
legs, and been unable to let go.

That hawk, under a glass case,
still looks hardy defiance out of his
glass eyes at all who pass in the en-
trance hall “‘of an old mansion long
umseen.” The favorite food of the
Goshawk in the woods is the part-
ridge or ruffed grouse, and in the
clearings, poultry of all sorts, the
more expensive the kind, the better.
So you can see he is not exactly be-
loved by either the sportsman or
the farmer. The Duck Hawk, and
the Pigeon Hawk feed mostly on
game, and are generally found in the
vicinity of lakes and marshes.

The Pigeon Hawk is so called, not
because it is particularly fond of pig-
eons, though it does not object to them

ROD AND GUN IN CANA D! e

Bay
ty jee

‘,
,

rina Dee ity r iy
in the least as an article of di
because he resemb

than the above mentioned birds; but
they make up for that by their great
swiftness of flight, and their astonish-
ing rapacity and cunning. They are
also most destructive to quail, snipe,
and the smaller game birds; and like-
wise to chickens and ducklings. Last
of the game killing hawks comes the
pretty and plucky little Sparrow
Hawk.

This handsome and brave little
hawk does kill a quail or small plover
now and then, but he mostly lives
on mice, and the swarms of grass- ©
hoppers which afflict us so in sum-_
mer and fall. On the whole, he does
more good than harm, and his dash-
ing courage endears him to all who

_ know him. You don’t find those

sooty demons, the crows, (far worse
destroyer of game birds and: song
birds, yes, and young game, than a
hawk that flies)—chasing this lit
warrior out of a district as they d
some of the larger hawks. It is a
inspiring sight to see a little sparr
hawk dash into a line of these lumber-
ing egg stealers, and leave a wake —
of black feathers, and discordant and —
afflicted caws and croaks behind him. —
Now we come to the harmless, and
in fact beneficial hawks, who ought
to be encouraged and protected in-
stead of being ruthlessly destroyed
through our ignorance,—an ignorance
which extends to our legislators.

Among the first of these I shall
put the Marsh Hawk, or ‘Red Har-
rier.’ This bird is fond of frequent- —
ing the neighborhood of lakes and
marshes, (whence his name), as are
his destructive confreres, the duck
hawk, and the pigeon hawk, but
like them, he is often found far enough
from water. He is a large handsome
bird, and unlike the hawks mentioned _
just now, is quite harmless to game ~
or even small birds. I thought other-
wise once, and I am ashamed to say,
quite often shot the Marsh: Harrier.

rough sheer undiluted
ance. I have learned better
since. In those days when I saw
the Harrier hovering low over some
marsh-or field of long marsh grass
or rushy expanse dotted with shallow
pools, and occasionally stooping into
the rank herbage, and sometimes
obviously carrying something away,
I wrongly thought he had got a snipe,
rail or plover. He had done nothing
of the sort. He had simply eliminat-
ated a frog, or shrew mouse: that
small rodent so detested by the farm-
er. As I said, I doubt, if he or any
of the absurdly named “hen hawks”’
ever take a bird of any species at all.
Many a bird of this species has been
— glain for a crime of which he is com-
pletely innocent.

The same may be said of all the
‘Hen Hawks,” large and small, of
which there are several species;

Hear what Mr. Nash, the Govern-
ment Naturalist said of these mem-
bers of the hawk tribe, which should
have been allowed to live as an orna-

* ment to our country woods and fields
and a positive benefit to the farmer.
- He said, “‘These birds (the ‘‘Hen
» Hawks,”’) are all fairly large birds,
- heavy and slow flying, whose food
q consists principally of mice, squirrels,
- toads, frogs and snakes. ‘Very rarely
doa they destroy a bird of any sort.

. Let us take the “Rough legged
| Hawk,’ — generally known as the
' “Great Hen Hawk.’ Mr. Nash says
p- of him:

“This bird is the most valuable to

the farmer of all the birds that fly,
except the meadow lark and the
quail.”” He is also the most _perse-
cuted of all the hawks.” It can be
safely said that this so-called “‘Hen
has never killed a head of
poultry at any time, nor do they kill
birds of any sort.”
This is no unverified theory. Of
. forty-nine stomachs of the “‘Rough
- legged Hawk” examined by Dr. Fish-
er of Washington, D.C., forty-five
contained mice, and other mammals,
one lizards, one insects, and four
were empty. =
& Of thirty-two stomachs examined
_ by Mr. Nash, one contained a frog,
_ one the flesh of a muskrat, and other
grasshoppers, and the rest mice, and

nothing but mice,’ rangin
little fur, and a few bone
whole mice.

“Tt can be judged from this,” s
Mr.Nash, “‘whether or not the “Roug
legged Hawk” is the friend of t
farmer.”

So much for the Hawks, many of
which shouldbe encouraged instead
of being persecuted as they are. 3

A word or two more. ;

If you wish to know of three poach-
ers who destroy more eggs of game
birds, song birds and poultry than
all the hawks in North America,
I will name them. They are: The
egg collector, (by which I don’t mean
the scientific collector, or naturalist
who at most takes only two of a |
species, but the “‘fake” egg collector, —
who takes the whole “clutch” as he
calls it, and sells to other “‘collect-
ors’), the small boy, and the crow.
It is true, as I know, that some time
ago, teachers rather encouraged the
small boy in this useful pursuit, as
it taught him “‘natural history.” It
taught him just as much as it teaches
the crow natural history. This, how-
ever, has been remedied in some
places.

As for the crow, there is little or-~
nothing to be Said for him. He is an
inveterate destroyer of the eggs of
game, poultry, song birds, and any
other kind of birds that he can come
across, and his name is legion. More-
over, he is wary and cunning to a
degree. Every sportsman knows the
“alarm cry” of the crow which gives
warning to every crow within a quar-
ter of a mile ‘‘to get up and git.”
The crow loves ducklings, young
chickens, young partridge and other
game. Altogether, he is not a par-
ticular benefit to anyone but him-
self. There are far too many crows
in Ontario;.and the advice of Natural-
ists to put a small bounty on each
crow shot, should be considered.

The red squirrel also is an egg
stealer. Furthermore, if you would
learn the names of those of the worst =
enemies of game in season and out gt
of season, I can also give them. au
They are: The ‘merry farmer’s— aN
boy,” (though there are many hon-
orable exceptions in his‘ case); the

970

town loafer, and the domestic cat, 3

run wild.

As for the farmer’s boy, though,
as I have said, there are many hon-
orable exceptions and good sports-
men in his class, still “there are
others.’”’ Moreover, he knows ex-
actly on what part of the farm a
bevy of quail or pack of ruffed grouse
can be found at any given time.
This is a great temptation, especially
just now, when the partridges are
given two years close season on paper.

Asfor the town loafer out for what
he can get, the game laws are dead
letters to him. All’s fish, (or fowl)
that comes to his net. If game is
scarce, young turkeys, ducks, or
chickens, will do very well. He gen-
erally goes on his joyful and free
career unmolested, especially in dis-
tricts like this, where the Game War-
den lives out of the County.

The domestic cat, who has taken
to the woods and swamps for a living,
is the most deadly enemy to feathered
game of any bird or beast in Ontario.
Even the fox and the weasels are not
as dangerous. Now, I rather like

SHEDDING THE VELVET :

‘ness hours to eliminating ra

she Ge 2 n
to the hearth, id devotes’ :

mice, leaving chickens and duck ‘ing
severely alone. But the prowling
“Tigerkin” of the woods, who has —
fallen from grace, is a very different —
proposition. He never reforms. He |
has found out that game birds and ©
chickens are much better to eat than —
rats and mice, and are quite as easy —
to catch. A husky prowling cat, —
whether of the Tom or Tabby gender, — oY
when found wandering in bush, swale, —
or thicket, remote from the haunts |
of mankind, should be dealt with at ©
once in a manner which has been —
thus poetically described. .

“Three drachms and a half of

powder, ;

‘““An ounce of Number Four.

*““A flash!—and a yell,— hee

“Like a wail from h—Hades;— ¢

““And Pussy is no more!”

I think that I have shown in this —
paper that Game has other and worse g
enemies than the Hawks.

E. T. Martin Re

buck under nearly all conditions is
more dangerous than a bear. This
is particularly true after the ‘“‘velvet”
has rubbed off his new horns and they have
reached their full development. All bears
_except the giant grizzlies, now rapidly be-
coming extinct, are as timid as rabbits and
will run at the faintest whiff of the man scent
unless it should be a mother bear with cubs
and even she will do so if let alone. Bears
prefer the thick woods to the society of men,
but a Huck never becomes so accustomed to
the company of humans that he will not
attack even his best friend, the man who
feeds him, often dealing a treacherous blow
with hoofs or horns when least expected.
In the wild many a hunter has been badly
injured and some have been killed by en-
raged deer, wounded and believed to be as
good as dead.
Bucks are the least dangerous after they

have shed their horns and while the new ones =
are yet “in the velvet.”’ The old horns drop |
off in the spring, March or April, according —
to the section of the country. Soon theres —
after little bumps soft like velvet appear on is
the head at each side. From the way a buck i)
acts when his new horns are commencing to ;
grow it must feel to him much as cutting —
teeth does to a child. He likes to have his :
head rubbed and the spots where the hor

are due to appear have become inflamed | .
and sore, the growing horns themselves heigl :
sensitive to the touch and useless either for —
offense or defence, the buck at this time de- —
pends entirely on his razor-like hoofs for b
weapons.

From the time the little knobs of veh
appear it requires about 90 days for the hi
to become fully developed; still longer
the velvet to be rubbed off. The D

My ioiee .

SHEDDING THE VELVET

the sixth, the middle one on the left side of
the head, is yet fully covered with it. About
this stage of the buck’s life his pugnacity
increases and it is well to keep out of his way.

shows a three prong buck shedding his velvet,
which is to be seen hanging in strips from
the lower part of the horns, five of the prongs
being almost entirely free of the growth while

-

IN THE VELVET

MOOSE FACTORY

R. J. FRASER

sees in the lower left-hand corner of

James Bay the name Moose Factory,
one of the Hudson’s Bay Company’s trading
posts. Finding it thus situated, on the shores
of that ice-laden sea, there is conjured to the
mind a picture of a von of stockaded build-
ings closely shrouded by the primeval forests,
storm-ridden and drear. Rough, bearded
trappers, fur-clad, and armed with long rifles,
busy themselves with preparations for jour-
neys fartner into the wilds, whilst buckskin-
clothed Indians slouch about the borders of
the post. Or, if one dwells on a summer scene
he may see birchbarks with wild-looking, long-
haired natives driving them through frothing
rapids to a landing on the beach below the
fort, where the tents of the hunters are
grouped together. All is strange and out-
landish, and foreign to the homeland in the
south.

But what delusions would be found could
one be suddenly transported to the place in
mind without passing through the succeeding
stages of river travel, camp life, and contact
with the people on the way, educative steps
which prepare the visitor for the sur-
prise awaiting him. An aeroplane carrying

AN

es in at the map of Canada one

one from the settlements at the end of steel
overnight to Moose Factory would land him
in the midst of a little village such as he might
find anywhere near home. For such is this
interesting old trading post of the North.

It has its store, stocked far better than many
of the “‘general’’ stores in fair-sized towns; its
church and school, farm land and vegetable
gardens. Seldom is a birchbark seen but
drawn up on the river bank numerous Peter-
boros lie and at a wharf in summertime is
moored a steamer, when not on its cruises to
the other posts about the bay. Unkempt
Indians, unattractive in appearance, slow of
movement and sparing of speech, and timid
squaws, their black locks hidden by shawls
whose tartans represent a dozen different
clans; gaunt, quarrelsome wolf-dogs and dark-
skinned children, add the necessary touches of
local color to remind one that this is the coun-
try of the Hudson Bay. Only the dearth of
news and the keen interest shown by all in the
stranger brings home to one the remembrance
that there lie between him and the settlements
on the southern side of the height of land miles
and miles of river, woods and muskeg un-
marked by civilization’s hand.

The history of Moose Factory, like that of

972

its companion posts scattered about the shores
of James Bay, in the first fifty years after the
formation of the company was a far from
peaceful one. Twice it fell into the hands of
the French. In 1686 the intrepid d’Iberville
and the Chevalier de Troyes travelled over-

GROUP OF INDIANS

land with a small force, partly soldiers, but
mostly ‘“‘coureur des bois’ and Indians. They
followed the Ottawa River route to James
Bay, made a long arduous journey, and, after
suffering many hardships, arrived before the
little trading post in the month of June.
Unfortunately for the English, reinforcements
which were expected from the old country that
summer could not arrive by the ship until
August at the earliest and, no match for the
attacking force, the traders and their few
retainers were driven away from the place.
Leaving a small garrison at Moose the in-
vaders went on around the bottom of the bay
to Rupert’s House and made a similar suc-
cessful capture there.

Moose was renamed Fort Monsippi by its
captors who held possession for seven years,
when it was retaken by the English warships
which that year entered the bay. For quite
a few years following this the place was not
used as a trading post.. Then, in 1730, a
wooden fort was built by the company. It
was the usual type of fortification which -they
erected for the defence of their posts through-
out the country. A high stockade of heavy,
pointed timbers formed a rectangle in which
were contained all the important buildings of
the place, such as the store, depot, and
traders’ houses. Outside were the cabins of
their retainers and halfbreed servants and the
deerskin tepees of the resident Indians. At
each of the four corners of the stockade were
bastions mounting small brass cannon which,
when fired, struck terror into the hearts of the
natives but were useless for defence against
trained white soldiers. So, when in 1756, a

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

ee ae
-¥ Sey ee
rh ae

second French expedition entered the country,
this time coming from the Lake Superior
region, Moose Fort fell an easy victim. The :
place was plundered and even the brass cannon :
were carried away. Years later two of these
were recovered at the fall of Fort Michilli-

mackinac.

The year 1713 saw all hostilities cease be-
tween the English and French and the Com-
pany again came into its own.

Ever since its establishment Moose has
been a seaport,—if the term defines a place
at and from which ships arrive and depart. The
records for the place show that in 1751 the
“SEA HORSE”, a small sailing craft, arrived
there with the company’s supplies for the —
year. She came all the way from England, 4
as did all of their vessels until the last few
years when Montreal became the point of
departure for the North. The latest vessel to
enter the bay in the Company’s service was
the big, ice-breaking steamer “NASCOPIE,”
now owned by the Russian Government and
employed in the White Sea trade. Through
the intervening years came a succession of
ships, barques and schooners, steam and sail @&
craft of widely-differing tonnages, either 4
chartered or owned by the great company. @
In making one hundred and forty voyages In
this trade only three were lost. This is ay
remarkable record, considering that the waters 7
were ice-strewn and uncharted, and provided 4
with none of the usual aids to navigation. "7

All these years the fur posts grew and pros= 4
pered. Artisans, smiths, coopers, tinkers and §
tailors were brought out to the country and ®
our own particular trading post earned for)
itself the name it has since retained, Moose @
Factory. Rough furniture and homespun
clothing, leather boots, metal utensils ane
tools suited to the requirements of the count=)
ry were made at Moose. The old buildin
erected for the purpose are still in evidence)

- many of them in very good repair. “ Besides
- becoming the manufacturing centre of the
district 1t was also the post and distributing
point of all the goods that came by ship. Up
the Moose and Missanaibi rivers, clear
through to Michipicoten on Lake Superior,

— oe

oN

was the route to the great fresh water seas.
Before the days of a transcontinental railroad
or a ship canal many a ton of freight that was
landed at Moose went west by the Michipi-
coten route, on the backs of tireless halfbreed
packers or in the deep-bellied freight canoes.

In 1803 the North West Company, rival
fur traders, arrived at Moose. They came
by sea in the “BEAVER” a little ship of one
hundred and fifty tons. Another detachment
of the same company came overland by way
of the lakes St. John and Mistassini. At
Moose they erected one of their spots and
contested the older company’s claim to a
monopoly of the trade. But the “Novth-
westers’ did not last long in the country and
with the departure of their schooner in the
fall of 1806 they abandoned all their posts in
the districts.

For almost one hundred years now the
Hudson’s Bay Company were unmolested.
Then came the Frenchmen again. The fur
trading firm of Revillon Freres whose posts
are scattered over the face of the earth in
Siberia and China, Africa and Canada sent
v, an expedition to the James Bay country. In
} 1902 they established their posts alongside of
those of the firstcomers. The next August
their first cargo came out in the old steamer
“ELDORADO” to be lost the following
month on the east coast of the bay. Only
sixteen days later the H. B. Co’s vessel home-
ward bound from Moose, went to pieces on
the Gasket Shoal. Further checks caused
by the difficult navigation of the shallow
_ Waters of the coast failed to discourage the
_ newcomers and they are today worthy com-

=

a
a

LWEEKiCgO ee Cre

EPEC EK

oa ies _MOOSE FACTORY

_ 1p a Ee ee
. ~we os oe Se
PP .. LAs a

petitors for the patronage of the aboriginal —
owners of the land. y

With the building of the Canadian Pacific
Railway the old route for freight and mail
from. Michipicoten was abandoned. Mis-
sanaibi station became the new starting point ~—

INDIAN CAMP ON THE BEACH

on the downriver trip for the mail packet, the
yearly inspector and the clerk who had spent
his furlough “down in Canada.’ When a
Moose Factory man spoke of “the line” and
dwelt longingly on the words you knew he
meant the railway crossing at. Missanaibi.
With the construction of the National Trans-
continental the line has become that point
where the latest steel bridges the Avittibi,
only one hundred and eighty miles from the
post. The 4unction of that line with the
Temiscamingue and Northern Ontario at
Cochrane has brought the James Bay region
within comparatively easy reach.

Moose Factory is now the district head-
quarters for the H. B. C. and one of the most
important posts of the country. The dis-
trict manager has under his jurisdiction
fifteen posts and sub-posts. To supply these
there is asmall steamer the “INENEW ” which
is the Cree word for “‘the Indian ’’ From June
to October it runs about the bay from depot
to outlying forts and in winter time rests"In a
snug bed in the woods of the river bank, safe
from the ice cakes that are borne dowa the
spring torrents of the Moose. In winter
connection is had with dependent posts by
dog teams.

A mission provides an orphanage for over
fifty Indian children and has a hospital at-
tached. In earlier years the company kept a
resident doctor at the post but in recent years ‘
the missionary or the factor have been called
upon to fill the gap. Ifa patient can survive
the long winter months of waiting he receives ~
professional treatment from the government
doctor who once a year travels from the line

974

with the Indian treaty agent’s party. In
summertime the missionary, Rev. Mr. Hay-
thornthwaite with an assistant, conducts a
school and the younger members of the
hunters’ families who camp about the post
are taught to read and write.

In the boat shed one finds the veteran boat-
builder and his sons at work on a “‘York’’,
or river boat, intended for inland use or for one
of the other posts. At different times small
fifteen-ton schooners have been built and
launched here and a fleet of these craft
supplement the work of the steamer in the
distribution of supplies. Draught oxen are
seen hauling firewood and the treight from the
landing to the depot; in the meadows one
finds cattle raised from stock brought years
ago from England. The haying is done by
Indian labor, slow but inexpensive, for in all

robability the natives seen handling the

ay forks are in this way being made to pay
for trapping advances, or ‘“‘debt,” as it is
called—it is really credit—given to them the
previous winter. It is the fur traders’ way
of making a “‘bad’’ debt good.

Little of the picturesqueness of the days of
the early fur trade as portrayed by the pen of
Stewart Edward White and others remains at
Moose, though not so many miles away up
the Missanaibi River, can yet be traced the
site of Conjurer’s House, the scene of one of
the former writer’s most interesting Northern
tales. The “chief factor’ is now known as
the ‘“‘manager”’ and he and his staff of traders
and clerks no longer gather about the com-
mon board, where we were wont to believe
huge roasts of venison and bear were daily
consumed. Each has now his own house and
“white man’s grub’ is the common fare.
Game is not as plentiful as of yore and the
Indian hunter demands good payment for his
kill. Only in the fall and spring, when the
wild geese flock to the marshes at the river
mouth, does opportunity arise for ye old time
feasting. Fortunate is the traveller who
visits the post at these seasons, for later on
he may get but the salted birds, the surplus
part of the hunt which was put away for an
Occasional change from trader’s pork.”

Flanking the flagstaff on the river bank are
two old bronze cannon relics of the days when

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

Moose was a fort. Their only use now is to
warn the goose hunters on the flats when
the ice-jams in the channels above the post
give way each spring.

CHIPPEWYAN WOMAN

Though many of the picturesque features
have gone from Moose this, at least, remains—
the traveller, be his mission what it may,
tourist, hunter, even opposition trader, Te-
ceives a welcome the remembrance of which
he carries with him evermore. The whole-heart-
ed Scotch hospitality, far-famed throughout
the North has descended from Highland
fathers to their Canadian sons, unaffected by
time or the new regime.

Courtesy C.P.Ry.

BALA FALLS

A pioneer railway is the Canadian North-
ern, in every sense of-the term. It had
_ ~ ™ penetrated most of the remote parts of
Canada before settlement was thought of, but
amongst all remote parts none are more so in
the minds of many people than the regions
feading towards Hudson’s Bay. Known as
“Bill and Dan’s railroad’, from the first names
of its hard-fisted and hard-headed Canadian
_ builders, now Sir William Mackenzie and
Sir Donald Mann, it is also known as a road
built to the outskirts of civilization and be-
yond, to the romantic, alluring, though often
weird and blood-thrilling frontier of the white
man. The silent places, so entrancingly
written of by Stewart Edward White, are, in
R many lately remote sections, silent no more
S but waked daily by the shriek of the loco-
aa motive running over the new-laid rails of this
fo. pioneer road. ~
: The northernmost railroad in Canada is the
line from Winnipeg to Prince Albert, built by
the Canadian Northern when feeling for an
_ outlet to Hudson’s Bay. Leaving the metro-
polis of the north it runs through the famous
Red River valley to Portage La Prairie,
thence over the first piece of railway owned
_ by this system, now a transcontinental but
twenty years ago only a bankrupt bargain
road from Portage to Dauphin. At Dauphin,
a town once considered the northern limit of
possible settlement, the Prince Albert branch
leaves the main line of the transcontinentai
and boldly strikes further north and west to
Swan River, running through rich alluvial

the Canadian government as timber and game
preserves. It is no uncommon sight on this
part of the line to see a lordly elk or huge
moose cross the track ahead of the train, while
the last train I went on over this road actually
struck a moose and killed it. Whether Sir
William or Sir Donald were fined for ‘“‘killing
game out of season”’ I cannot say but it would
not be so far from imagining, in a land so
strict and impartial in its laws that the
Lieutenant Governor was fined in Winnipeg
in the ordinary police court for not having the
tail light lit on his automobile.

From Swan River the road again strikes
north and this time into the trackless woods
miles upon miles of spruce and jackpine, a
Jumberman’s paradise and a game resort
unequalled but also almost untouched. Sweep-
ing west, after a hundred miles Hudson Bay
Junction is reached from which place rails are
being rapidly laid to the salt water only three
hundred and fifty miles away. Then this
line swings further south; comes out in the
prairie in the rich Carrot Valley and on west
o old Prince Albert on the mighty North
askatchewan River. Over this line, almost
known to the globe trotter, one can ride in
liman car with diner attachment and yet

Gro. M.

a valleys between wooded hills wisely held by

975

to

BELTON

touch, or almost touch, the wilderness an
solitary place and feel as well as see the re
moteness of the north woods and the solitud
of the silent places. :
Leaving Swan River in early winter, just
at sundown—and sundown comes at foi
o’clock in winter up there, we watched the
woods darken and like children fancied dark
shapes flitted between the trees over the fresh
fallen snow. ‘‘Dinner in the dining car”
called by the typical dark-skinned waiter,
awoke us to a true woods hunger, though it
shocked our sense of the solitary by its seem-
ing incongruity with the passing landscape
or woodscape. Over an excellent meal I
became acquainted with a fine fellow from —
Minneapolis, and returning to our car we —
talked away into the night. Hewasatypical
young American, a civil engineer going to help - _
on the Hudson Bay railroad, more from the
romance of having a part in that unique en-
terprise than through lack of work at home
or the promise of the excellent pay and even ~
better experience that this enterprise offered.
The car was not over half filled and by one
after another joining our group and conver-
sation we discovered that nearly all happened
to be coming over the road for the first time,
most being also taking their first northern

trip. ;
Nearly all had retired, and the young
engineer’s tales of Montana, the Coeur d-
Alenes and Yukon, had given place to drowsy
nodding when the train stopped rather sud-
denly at a station with a name like Baden or
Mafeking—something reminiscent of the oa,
Boer War during which, I presume the road
was staked. The sharp, short whistle of the ae
engine had scarcely ceased to echo in the
woods when the most unearthly clamour
broke forth, seeming to come from almost
beneath the coach. It began with a low
piercing note, lifted itself to a_ shrieking
crescendo, and as it died into a half gutteral —
it was joined by sharp short repeats of its tone
mixed with unmistakable barking noises.
Without knowing the reason, perhaps not
by reason but by instinct, the blood curdled
and a creepy sensation ran down the spine.
Every passenger was awake; a child screamed re
with fear, and women strained white faces 2a
through the curtains of their coaches.
‘‘Wolves”’ ejaculated the young man from
Minneapolis. ;
“Just coyotes, I guess,’ said a man in the
berth next us, his teeth chattering nevertheless.
‘‘No” said Bekus, the engineer, “That is {
the howl of the big fellows, the real wolves ~—
from the north; akin to the Russian wolf of ‘
the steppes, just as big, or bigger, and as
fierce as tigers.”
As if to satisfy any doubts on the matter
the unearthly clamour broke out wilder and
more blood curdling than before.

~~

aA6

" zs during the summer. months the timber-

‘Nt

= Lae
976 ROD AND Gl

“Will they—would they—attack the train?”
half whispered a woman hanging out of a

berth.

“Well” said Beckus, “they will hardly
attack this train’’—it was starting to move
again,” but from what I have seen and heard
first-hand of these northern wolves, I would
not like to be ‘stalled’ on a train here too long
without means of defence.” :

“These wolves” said Beckus, to a little
group that gathered around him when the
train moved on again, “are the true wolf, not
the skulking ¢reature that is seen in the
prairie. They are akin to the huge creatures
that have made the name “‘wolf”’ a sound that
a babe in arms, reared in a city, will shudder
to hear. Try it and see. For generations
untold our Anglo-Saxon forefathers fought
the wolf in the forests of Northern Europe,
thie true wolf such as you heard howling in
pack chorus a few minutes ago. None of you
ever heard one béfore, yet how the sound
struck chill terror to your hearts? Even the
roar of the lion would not bring you such
mortal terror, though heard the first time in
surroundings as wild.

The colored porter sitting in an end seat
and leaning against his pillows to catch a few
minutes’ sleep as they seem often to- do,
grunted and woke up. Beckus nudged me.

“He either did nothear them or was not
frightened.”’ said Beckus “He is an African.

“Did you hear the wolves?” I asked.

“Wolves,” he asked, showing his teeth,
“No, Sharks more likely, on this train. It’s
my first trip this way,”’ he added.

“These wolves” continued Beckus, “stand
quite four feet high and long in propértion.
They are almost black and look as fiérce as
they really are. They travel in packs of
from seven to thirty or so, but one alone
can easily pull down a deer or even a small
moose. They kill for pure deviltry when not
hungry, and will attack mankind on sight
unlike the common bush wolf, or the coyote
of the prairie, both of which are harmless even
in packs when not hungry. They have huge
cruel teeth and have muscles like iron; they
frequently weigh over one hundred pounds,
though fat is unknown to their gristly bodies.
No dog can face these brutes in fair fight.”

All this I confirmed from first-hand accounts
of trappers at the Pas, the Junction and
Prince Albert, while hides and stuffed speci-
mens at Revillon Freres warehouse in Prince
Albert fully demonstrated that Beckus was
within the mark in his descriptions. It is
given to few people to hear the actual howl of
such creatures close by, from the safe com-
fortable coach of a Pullman Sleeper.

Just at daylight, coming at seven o’clock, I
was pleased to notice that a prominent lum-
berman well known all over Western Canada
had apparently got on the train somewhere
in the night, and we went to breakfast to-
gether. I told him the unique experience of
the night before.

“They are bad brutes, these timber-wolves’’
he said, “Generally they are found further
north, around Hudson Bay, but in» winter
they often come south. This last summer the
country north had some bad fires, from
Hudson’s Bay Railway camps I guess, and

_ times as the light got better, I turned and sent a —

wolves ranged further south tha
lowing the deer, I suppose, that we.
to new pastures by the fires. ‘

“IT have a mill working near Mittissami and >

this last August I visited it for a few days. |
The train for the south came along at five —
o’clock, so, as I had four miles to walk to the
little station I set out before four, in the —
darkness, a low half-moon showing some light
over the trees. About half way to the station
I heard a howl on my left, seeming far off, but’,
it brought that creeping feeling you describe. __
I knew it for the timber wolf, but though I ©
quickened my pace I hardly thought I was
the quarry.- I was not long left in doubt.
Other howls at distances followed soon and
showed that the pack was ranging and had
picked up my scent. The brutes locate a
solitary human being as unerringly as they
locate a lone deer. I blessed myself that I
had, by chance, taken my light but sure
killing little Winchester with its seven shots.
I stopped and filled its load and set cartridges
for refilling in the handiest slips of my belt. —~
From the’ distance of their howling and the
turn of the road I judged that I would beat
least close to the station before they could get
within reach, and could keep off even a large
pack till I got safe to the train. ,

“T broke into a run, but I am not much of a
runner, though a fair walker. For some time
I heard no more. howls and slowed down
thinking they were not after me at all.
Suddenly, from the right, came the howl,
answered at once on the left and behind me.
They had crossed my path behind and were
closing in. The road was cleared of trees and
brush to a width of perhaps forty feet. It
was neither dark nor light and I kept a sharp
lookout by glancing behind, running as easily _~
as I could; yet not getting out of wind. A
sharper cry and a closer answer and I stopped
and turned to bay. Not fifty yards back and
to the left a shape moved and two eyes ~
gleamed as, plain as fireflies—good enough, for
a plumped sight along the familiar barrel of
my rifle; and I-shot close and quick as one
would at a deer. There followed a howl, a
series of snarling. fighting, and growling noises
and I knew one had been keeled over and
ane dees from his mates in the law of the
pack. ve)

“T ran on and turned a corner; the train ~
whistled up the track a few miles and I knew
I was half a mile from the station. Three —

ieee

bullet into a dark shape on either side of the
road, and just as I crossed the last lap of the
run, I put no less than three-bullets into a
fierce brute that came on over the little open-
ing from which wood had been cut for the ~
section house fire. The section man went —
out in the forenoon and picked up this fellow
and one other, but found only fur and blood ~~
on the trampled snow where I shot the first —
Another that I hit must, I suppose,
have slunk off from the pack and become a —
“lone wolf,” outcast from the pack that kills —
a wounded mate on sight.” » ee

At the lumberman’s beautiful home I saw
the hide of the “fierce brute’ that follow
him after tasting two bullets, and I agre
with mine host that it was well for him th
he had his pet Winchester along that d

morning, and could shoot to a penny’s size

And he

agreed that perhaps acquaintance from the

a in any light less than a pitch dark.

» (41) A herd of caribou.
' (2) Mountain goat near Banff.
_ (8) Fine black bear.

WING to its immense areas
of forest and mountain,
British Columbia has re-

mained a stronghold for the wilder
forms of big game, which at one
time were fairly numerous also

_which have practically disappear-

BIG GAME

Pullman was as pleasant a meeting with the —
Canada timber wolf as a closer and more
dangerous meeting in the forest.

978

ed in the United States, owing to the advance
of settlement and insufficient game protec-
tion. The heavy snowfall which makes the
ten-thousand-foot-high peaks inaccessible in
winter is the natural refuge of the grizzly
bear, the mountain sheep and the mountain
goat—pelts and heads of which are three
of the most prized trophies of the big game
hunter, while in the untrodden forests of the
Kootenays and the Cassiar district the great
antlered moose—the last surviving of the
prehistoric giants—ranges undisturbed except
for the bolder spirits who with pack horse
and canoe and guide come upon him unawares.

The moose of British Columbia are claimed
as being the largest in North America. They
are especially numerous in the northern
interior of the province; they have a par-
ticular liking for the banks of the Findlay
and Liard rivers. Excellent hunting can
be had in the vicinity of Atlin, and also of
Cassiar, north east of Quesnel Lake. As
the moose was protected in the Kootenay
district for a time, the animal is again becom-
ing numerous there. Hunting the moose
is one of the most attractive of sports, and
happy is the hunter who succeeds in shooting
one of these antlered monarchs of the forest.

Not less fascinating than the moose is the
caribou, of which there are two varieties, the
woodland and the barren ground caribou.
The caribou develops to its greatest size at
Cassiar. Not long ago an entry from this
place won the gold medal at an exhibition in
Vienna. Glacier, Athalmer (on the Kootenay
Central Railway), Revelstoke, and Cran-
brook are good points from which to start in
search ofcaribou. Hunting districts in Lilloo-
et can be reached from Ashcroft and Lytton.

Columbian or coast deer are found all along
the west coast of British Columbia as far
east as the Cascade Range and all through
the Crows Nest Pass. British Columbia has
an increasing number of mule deer. A deer
of this vatiety also got a gold medal prize at
the Vienna exhibition. Those deer are found
over the whole of the interior of the province,
but there are some spots which are more
congenial to them than others; they are most

adian Pacific Rocky Mountains. A bigHorn 2

is counted upon as one of the most valued

prizes a hunter can obtain, for it is very

difficult to get within shooting range. The
bighorn is of a suspicious, timid nature, and
can travel as far over the mountain peaks in
a few minutes as a hunter can gointwohours. __
Epicures say that the flesh of the bighorn is
the most delicious of the world’s game. Its
massive horns make a beautiful ornament. -
The best ground for hunting the bighorn is

>

that portion of the Lillooet district roughly
described as being north and south of the

Ry

=>
bridge at Chileoten River and east and west
of the Fraser River at Chilcoe Lake. The
town of Lillooet is reached by stage from — ;
Lytton, Clinton or Ashcroft. Michel and ~~
Golden are good points from which to reach $.
the Kootenay sheep country. The Cassiar
country is easy of access. ‘

Amongst the giant peaks of the Rockies
we find the home of the Rocky Mountain ~
goat. He is clad in a coat of soft fluffy white, — a

is fast and fearless in his motions, and can —
travel fleetly over precipices where man —
could not attempt to climb. As a fighter the
goat is wonderfully brave and can use his
sharp horns to great advantage for himself
and destruction for the dog that faces him.

The sportsman visitor to British Columbia
will find a delightful climate and general —
environs which will appeal favourably to him. ;
Guides can be easily procured.

“
>

The Canadian Pacific Railway gives a
splendid service to the most convenient start-
ing and outfitting points. The game is pro-
tected by excellent laws, and the guides, who
are expert packers, are themselves keen sports- — x
men and familiar with the haunts of es ani-
mals they help to; fhunt.

In addition to the’ game already mentidieuat
the hunter in British Columbia may chance i
to have a shot at panther, elk, wildcat, ante- an
lope or wolf. =

r

re
*

pee

a

self.

~ won the right to sit at the ‘Rock Call’—The

- + OW in the wild-folk world each is known
to his fellows by some-particular and
descriptive name he has made for him-
“One Eye” of the Hill became famous
when she came out victorious in a bloody
battle with the great Horned Owl “Big
Moon’’—‘‘Fire-Foot’”’ so known because of
a terribly burned foot sustained in a forest
fire, while ‘““Thunder-Roar’s” great strength
of lung in the hunt won him his name.
This little tale has to do with ‘“‘Oola’’ and
how he got the name of “Sharp Teeth” and

‘Martin Rock-Call’’ be it known is a Tribal
Meeting of full-fledged hunters.

F->Perhaps some other time we will tell how
the other little Martin won their many
quaint little names and their right to answer
to the “Rock Call.” Now in wild-folk talk
*Oola’’ means Martin, and of all the count-
less savage little creatures of the wilds, the
Martin or sable is perhaps the strangest
and wildest of them all. Quick as chained
lightening on their dainty, well-armed little
feet, jaws powerful and teeth of frightful
sharpness, they are at once the terror and
dismay of many animals twice their size.
So when one of these little terrors is dis-
tinguished among his fellows for courage
and great. sharpness of teeth, he must needs
be a mighty hunter indeed. Now let ustell
you how it all came about. |

Oola lived way back in the deep, dark
woods where generations of gently falling
leaves made a thick soft carpet under the
high-topped trees. Half buried in this damp,
silent bed, lay scores of giant trees, trees that
once had raised their proud heads high among
hundreds of their fellows—oak, tamarack
and pine. Even in the wet mouldiness of
their vast grave, their ancient mightiness
was still apparent.

Through the deepest and darkest part of
this silent space wound the dried bed of a
once gurgling little stream. Around a sharp
bend close to a huge uprooted balsam was
*QOola’s’”’ home. Here where the warm rays
of the sun seldom-penetrated, lived the mar-
ten family. Oola had two little brothers
and one sister, all barely more than one
“White Time” old. Further up the creek-
bed were scores of such families, of them
our tale is not concerned. Far too deep in
the great woods to be easily caught by any
wandering trapper, and well protected from
their dreaded enemy, the big owls, they

_ lived a happy, contented life.

In this community of splendid hunters,
Oola’s parents enjoyed a reputation for suc-
cessful hunt envied by their fellows. The
little Marten bade fair to follow in the foot-
steps of their elders. All except Oola, true,
he had to accompany the others on the first
hunting trips, custom saw to that.

Carefully and laboriously, Blue Coat taught
his children the rudiments of the chase.
The tracking, the long silent wait, the sudden

Wo. McMUuLLEN

979

downward leap and quick bite. The ;
senting of four well-armed paws to the on.
slaught of the owls—nothing was forgotten. —
Under such a tutor “Oola’s’” brothers and
sisters quickly caught their father’s spirit —
and rapidly developed in their different way
into good hunters. eS

But Oola strange to say, never cared for —
exertion, rather did he love to lie extended
full-length on a balsam branch high up in
a great tree, and bask in the warm sun. Of
course this didn’t keep him in good condi-
tion. While his brothers grew clean of limb
and of tireless energy, Oola developed fatter
and fatter and heavier of body and slicker
of fur. Sometimes chased off by the others
he would tumble clumsily through the brush
and shortly return with hanging tongue and
heaving sides. bs

*Oola’s second autumn quickly went its —
appointed way and winter with its welcome
snow afforded great and wonderful sport ~
for the red-blooded Marten. eas

Night after night Oola’s brothers in the —
glare of a bright, cold moon, would tear —
swiftly up the trunks and along the branches —
of maples with astonishing speed and en- —
durance simply wild with the mere joy of
animal living—here surprising a_ sleeping
partridge, there scattering the cowardly
chattering squirrels, now dropping to the
snow and quickly cornering a wandering ~
bunny, all with a speed and abandon that —
was remarkable for so small an animal, one
wonders how so much energy could be stored
in so small a body.

Winter with its crystal ice, untrodden snows ~
and hardships, was even less to Oola’s liking.

He found it “hard to drive his fat rolling
body through the deep snow. By this time,
his brothers heartily sick of him, left him
alone in disgust, and the lazy rascal spent
most of his time comfortably stretched out
on a limb in the warm rays of the winter’s sun. —

The time passed and late winter with its
sudden thaws and frozen rain crusts marked
the time for mating. All the animal world
was stirred. One by one the members of
the little family heard the call and drifted
off to their courting. Oola, lazy fellow that
he was, watched them go with dull sleepy
eyes, apparently indifferent to the usually
insistent call of the mating.

The “Rock Call’ came about that time
and the brothers who by now were consider-
ed worthy hunters attended for the first
time.

Days passed and soon a strange restless-
ness came over him. No longer did he sleep
through the short day; he was uneasy and ~
constantly sniffed the air as if waiting for —
some expected thing; he even crept down
from his comfortable tree and gambled awk-
wardly up the hard beaten, narrow trail
with unusual energy. Climbing a mighty
birch, he peered into a huge woodpecker’s |
hole where lived a family of Albino, Marten. -

980 ROD AND GUN

Snarls and Scratches soon drove him home
again. -

eThe slowly lengthening days found him
wandering further and further afield. Though
Oola knew it now, the mating instinct of his
kind was upon him. He found her at last
in the second week of his wanderings; way
up the old creek, over the big hill and down
in a little hollow littered deep with .century-
old windfalls “White Face” lived. The only
child of her fond parents she was very much
petted and loved. Well was she worth it.
Oola first met her in the late afternoon of
a bright cold day. She was crouched on
the warm, comfortable surface of a huge
boulder, carefully washing her beautiful fur.
Needless to say it was a case of love at first
sight. “White Face,” for such was_ her
name, proved not indifferent to her suitor’s
wonderful coat; she herself was the proud
possessor of a beautiful garment of rich,
dark brown fur that shone and rippled with
every move of her lithe young body, a de-
mure little white face peeped coyly out from
a thick soft neck ruffle of orangy fur. Four
dainty white stockings gave the sweet little
lady an added attraction not possessed by
many of her kind.

Oola in love was not the same Oola we
knew. Now no snow was too deep, no cold
too great or owls too fierce to keep him from

his lady-love.

But if White Face found favor in the sight
of Oola, so also did Sharp Ears love the pretty
maiden with all the fierce love of his aggress-
ive nature. Of course, Oola knew nothing
of this for a long time and White Face kept
her own counsel. But one night as he ap-
ap ame the snug home of his maiden fair

e crossed a strange trail leading from that
direction, the scent was of a stranger to him,
of that he felt sure. With a strange feeling of
uneasiness he followed up the tracks. Not
till they led him to a Marten home did he
realize what it meant. He had a rival: anger
surged in his heart and the thick fur stiffened
along his back.

Sharp Ears, true to his name, caught the
faint snap of a tiny twig under the cautious
foot of Oola. Peering from under a log he
caught sight of his foe. Instantly the silent
darkness of the night was rent with the
rendering blood-curdiing snarls of the two
Marten. It was war and war to the death.
Strange to say, apart from a volley of terrify-
ing screeches, each slipped away.

To his family’s surprise and amazement
Oola now took part in every hunt with an
energy that fairly carried all before him.
It wasn’t long before he could run the Hares
to earth with a speed and cunning that far
surpassed his astonished brothers; his weight
aided him in no small way. Tough and
wiry he became, with a strength of jaw and
neck that carried terror to his foes.

Was there a dispute over the still warm
body of a fat partridge, with Oola anywhere
near the outcome was never in doubt. Whe-
ther he deserved the spoils of war or not

‘he got them.
While White Face knew there was trouble
: between her two suitors, truth to tell, she

knew not which one she favored. Sharp
Ears she loved for his cunning ways and

i"

a LAL
carefull
careless good nature

ae

7 a

y kept ; Ors te

) and won 1€1 0a
For as long as she dared, the decision »
put off. Be ais ?

Strange to say, neither Marten came to
see White Face at the same time, but things
were bound to happen and happen soon,
two such blood-thirsty Martens couldn’t go
growling around the same lady for long with.
oul meeting trouble.

One clear, cold night, late in March, Oola a
trained down to fine, hard bone and muscle, ‘i
carefully picked his way to White Face’s -—"
home. With his beautiful winter coat glitter- ;
ing in the soft moonlight, he made a beautiful
picture of wild animal grace, his long sinewy
body moving with a wave-like motion, his
sharp pointed ears sticking straight up in
the air. Twenty yards from his destination
a low black shadow sprang from the darkness
of a balsam and flashed across his path.
Almost in the same instant it turned and
faced him and Oola recognized his enemy.

A double snarl blended as one rose on the

sull night air in an inferno of sound and died

away in the distance. Both realized the

time of settlement had come. High above

them in the clear cold heavens blinked bright

stars and a starey-eyed moon. On all sides

the snow-capped pines rose from the drifts,
spirit-like and ghostly, the slight night breeze
moaned and creaked through their stiff >
crackling branches.

Cautiously the Marten circled round and
round, each seeking for an opening in the
other’s guard, tails flat on the snow, neck-
ruffles and back-fur erect with anger, their
small beady eyes flashing with hate. A
sudden leap quick as a flash as quickly evaded
by a sinuous move of a lithe body, a choked
snarl, and Sharp Ears had drawn first blood.

The flash of a brown paw and he in turn

had a cheek laid open from eye to ear. Slow- ,
ly and gradually the snarling and screeching *
died down and the faint growl and gurgle Yh
of choked heaving lungs were the only sounds. ;

Rush followed rush. Now Oola, with his ;
powerful body crushed Sharp Ears to the A
snow, only to spring clear with a bloody
gash in his hip. Back and forth they toe
and rolled, attack returned attack, both
covered in blood, one instant disappearing
in a cloud of snow, next snapping, crouching
and sparring in a blood trampled circle strokes k
grew less sure, leaps less quick, the recovery arty
not so rapid. Oola, face and flank laid
open in frightful gashes fought with splendid,
desperate courage. Sharp Ears, one eye
gone and hind-foot dragging uselessly be-
hind him, battled with all the glory and
heart of a hero. ;

Suddenly Oola spied an opening, dashed
in and with all his failing strength gathered
together, sunk his fearful teeth deep in the
throbbing throat of his adversary. :

With a convulsive shudder the long, thin
body stiffened out and lay still. With pain-
racked limbs the victor dragged himself to
White Face’s home and claimed his bride.

Early summer found a small group of
Bay St. Paul trappers comfortably stretch-
ed on a grassy knoll overlooking the mighty
St. Lawrence. Strange were the tales these
simple French Canadians recounted of their

.o one 7, “ea

ng Honely —winter in the great woods. Said
_ Jean Tremblay, “One cold morning I found

across my trail the dead body of a beautiful

~ black Marten. Terrible wounds and blood-

covered snow told me of an awful struggle.
The victor whatever it was, must have been
a powerful fighter.” “Itmight have been a

~ OOLA OF THE SHARP TEETH

wae

Loup-cervier, or an owl, perhaps,’

The subject passed and was forgotten.
Little thought they of the history made that
night and that for many a long time after
Marten for miles around spoke of the time
when Oola won the right to the “‘Rock Call”
and his name “Sharp Teeth.”

VIEW OF THE LAKE AND SHORELINE.

THE LANDING OF THE PILGRIMS.

IN THE HIGHLANDS OF
; HALIBURTON

KATHERINE M. O’LOUGHLIN

wonder if one quarter of the people of
I Ontario are familiar with, much less

even know, of the beauties which exist
in their very midst.

Much has been written and said - about
the far-famed Thousand Islands, the Muskoka
lakes, and even the pretty Kawarthas, but
little has ever been seen or heard of a spot

' more beautiful by far than any of those above

mentioned bodies of water.

In the very heart of the County of Hali-
burton, there dwells a world of mystic beauty
and grandeur, unspoiled by the mechanism
of man’s art, and untouched by the wood-
man’s axe.

Any part of this very wonderful country
is very remarkable in the abundance of its
mineral properties, but its great natural
scenery cannot be described by the pen. The
best way to reach this fairy world is via the
village of Haliburton. This little place of
about six hundred inhabitants lies nestled
at the base of two or more small mountains.
A basin is formed in its midst by the waters
of Head Lake. Through this pretty lake
you proceed north-westward through a nar-
rows into “Grass Lake.” As its name would
suggest its shores abound with wild grass
in the open spaces. Sublime is the view on
a summer evening either from land or water.

A strange and weird fact is that you can
send a call across the water, and when the
sound has long passed away, the echo will
rebound when you had almost forgotten its
existence. I have known persons pass whole
hours in this pleasant pastime. From Grass
Lake, you proceed through another narrows,
and enter the long ‘‘Cashagowigomof Lake,”
which is the Indian name, meaning a long
chain of lakes. This body of water is sur-
passingly beautiful, being indented with
small bays and passes; almost hidden from
the view. Mountain peaks step in here and
there. Its shores are covered with virgin
forest untouched by the hand of time. All
colors of foliage make a kaleidoscopic view
not found everywhere. Different wild flowers
ive a touch here and there to the green
oliage. You see the Devil flower a_ bright
red, so beautiful to look at, and yet very
poisonous to the touch; it is a snare to the
unwary. A peculiar feature of those waters

is that though dark, they are as clear as a

mirror, and at any time of day you may see
the tall trees, to their full height, at the
bottom of the waters near shore. You sail
along this lake, you suddenly give a turn, and
a new scene appears, so unlike the last; you
sail for some seven miles through this laby-
rinth of views, then you come into Sawyer

said one.

1 ae oat

982

Lake, which is dotted with islands, and pretty
scenes, and on you go through narrows until
you say they will never end.

“In the still light of evening, you hear the call
of the whip-poor-will, and the cry of the
loons, and all the forest world gets busy.
The fish hawk is not an unfrequent visitor
in these parts, and there are many species of
game. The waters of those lovely lakes are
full of fine large trout in weight up to seven or
eight pounds; also fine black bass fishing is
good. As for frogs’ legs! Good night! We
had them galore. I say to all that would

TIPS ON PACKING B:

GEo. H.

LL that have had experience in packing
know that the easiest and most con-
venient mode of transporting one’s

outfit into a mountainous country is by pack-
horse, jackass or packpony as the circum-
stances decree.

But there are times and places as here in
British Columbia when it is utterly impossible
on account of numerous difficulties encount-
ered to take any of the above quadrupeds into
the hills at all. Such being the case it
behooves one to become the pack animal
himself.

Therefore it is well to know the best way -
of making and the best harness to use for a
back pack.

For the benefit of the uninitiated as well
as the old timers I am going to give free of
charge a system of packing, that I be-
lieve to be original and unique. If the war
were not going on I would feel justified in
making a charge for this information, but
as 1 wish to do my bit for suffering humanity
I append it here free-gratis. ;

I first got it from a Frenchman and to
him I give due credit.

Frenchy had not been long from the East,
having come out to British Columbia to
spend a few years and in the meantime kill
a few bears and he got them too, in time.

He was very enthusiastic on hunting and
when he happened to have a few leisure
days he would take his rifle and hie away
to the uncut.

But as yet he had not been sufficiently
tutored in that dearest of schools, experience,
to know the ups and downs of packing in a
mountainous country.

The open season on game began on Sep-
tember Ist. So we were anxious to be on
the ground early and therefore made arrange-

. _ eee 447% ¥
oe Se het

i ee
:

See Tae ae ase 2 nee z
take a rest for real pl ure ay
haunts of men, go to the Lakes in

There is sufficient good accommodation —
to make life liveable in that lone country,
and all the necessities for our creature com-— ees
forts can be had in the Haliburton village.
I cheerfully recommend the Highlands of —
Haliburton to tired city and town people. —
There is iron tonic in its waters, there is new
life in its atmosphere, and there is a spirit —
of new love creeps into the heart ofhim or —
her, who has drunk of its soothing balm.

SARVER

ments to start for the high places about
noon of August 3\st.

_ Frenchy had been oiling and polishing
his .405 rifle night and day, and from the
supply of cartridges that he had on hand,
he might have been going to use a machine —
gun.

He certainly looked earnest and confident
when I met him on the corner of Stanley
street. He had just been shopping and in —
his arms he carried a supply of bacon, butter,
beans and other commodities that he in-
tended taking on the trip. :

Having had enough experience mygelf to
know ¢hat packing is no sinecure I gave
him a few instructions on the art of arrang-
ing his pack, and for want of a pack-sack or
pack-harness which he had not yet acquired,

I advised him to use an old pair of trousers
as packstraps (used by many in the West).

After arranging to meet near the foot of
the trail that leads up the mountain, we |
separated, I going to my own domicile and
he to his home and wife. ;

At the appointed hour we met. Frenchy —
came tramping along on the double quick.
Around his waist was fastened his belt full
of cartridges. In his hand he carried his 4
rifle, while suspended by a strong cord around
his neck and resting under his left arm was =~
his pack containing blanket and provisions,
the whole weighing about thirty pounds. =

“Lachille,” said I, “‘you will never be able
to climb the mountain like that. You would —
have found the trouser proposition better.
You had better try it.” Be

“Oh, that’s all right, that’s all right, I
could carry this all day and never weary,” —
he replied. $s

As he stood five feet ten inches and w
built from the ground up, weighing ne

1

om

—s
- aa
iS

pou I decided Share’ tind
e reouild Sica a thirty pound >

ck ingling from his neck under a hot
that I should not worry.

For sometime he made excellent time and

as we zig-zagged up one street and another,

- I could scarcely keep up.

But as we reached the mountain trail

Me ‘proper the one-sided weight began to tell.

i ‘His pace grew slower at every step, and he
began to change his pack from side to side.

_ While in the avenue or trail on either side

dense bushes grew thickly, shutting off all

es breeze from being wafted to our aid.

The August sun poured down upon us caus-

_ ing perspiration to flow freely. Lachille

a didn’t seem to be in nearly as much of a hurry
‘as when we first started.

“Pretty warm, isn’t it?’ I remarked.

_ “Yes, one, one son-of-a-gun,” he replied.
_ “T think I fix my pack different. I try
my shirt, make packstraps,”’ said he.

_ The shirt didn’t work. Merely as a re-

minder, I again suggested that a pair of

__ trousers would be just the rig.

: “T take them off,’’ said he.

At first I thought he was only joking,

__ but when I saw that he was really in earnest
I decided to let events take their course.

So Lachille sat down on a granite boulder
__and I took hold of each trouser leg separately
and yanked, he pulling one way and I another,
something like a tug-of-war, for they didn’t
slp easily over his high topped hunting
boots. But persistence on my part and
4 persistence and a good bit of grunting on
his part finally won and Frenchy stood be-
__ fore me, (I blush even as I write it), clothed
in the garb that nature gave him, plus an
undershirt and pair of boots.

i Everything was soon arranged and my
- pard slipped his arms through each trouser
leg and again hit the trail, I keeping in front
-and Frenchy bringing up the rear at my
heels.

Several times I let pine branches slip
_ (accidently) through my hands and im-

_ mediately there would be a swish and I’d
glance around and find that these balsam
scented boughs had caught my savage just
_ below the belt. For a time he took this as
a matter of course. But when I accidently
__ let swish a small wire maple branch, and it
: _ really had more spring in it than I thought,

iT

I looked poe “and” thought 1 -Fren
off entirely. z
Frenchy now took the lead white I
lowed along at a respectable distance behi
I had smiled silently while in the lead,
now that we had changed positions tl
situation took on a different aspect altogether ok 3
and I laughed outright. My mind reverted
to the cave men and the time when wild
Indians roamed at ease clad and clothed
in the garb in which they were born.

But just the same we were making v
good time. True, we were compelled to rest
occasionally.

_In the shade under some giant hemlock
we would free ourselves of ‘our burdens and
while I sat quietly down Frenchy was more
particular about a seat. He generally hunted
around until he found a nice soft mossy
spot. And failing to find a natural cushion he —
simply stood and pondered.

I can’t remember seeing anyone so par- _
ticular about a seat as that Frenchman,
and this in the mountains where one should
not expect too much.

But the climax came about 6 p.m. Never
before had we known any of the fair sex to
venture so far on this particular trail.

But it is the unexpected that happens,
for just as we were rounding a bend in the

~ trail and within fifty yards of the spot where _ pie
we intended camping for the night, the
sound of feminine voices was heard and I fem
made out suppressed laughter alongside the
sparkling stream just ahead. is
Frenchy still in front, took two leaps to es
one side and disappeared in the bush. Talk 23
about a vanishing white-tail buck! __ 5
In less time than it takes to tell he had pe
changed from the garb of Adam before the
fall to a more civilized garb which included ae
trousers. 3 ts
Alongside the bubbling brook two-biuseeae ae
ing maidens and their sweethearts—who were mi
taking a premature honeymoon—bade us ar
good afternoon and wished us luck on the
trip, while Frenchy hurried past and with a
a few words in broken English shouted,
“Au revoir,” declaring to me that we could ~~
find a better campsite farther on, and we did. ei
So all is well that ends well. eS
Now then you have it for what it is worth, —
and it is worth considerable if you can carry ioe
it out and stand the strain. ee

re

Try it on your next_shoulder packing trip.

< ~~ ”,
ee

THE POLLUTION OF OUR WATERS —

ROBERT PAGE LINCOLN

HAVE long thought of writing
] an article on the pollution of our

waters and acting upon this im-
pulse I set down the heading and
then, out of curiosity, picked up the
Report of the Ontario Fish and Game
Commission. Entirely by luck I
came across the report of Overseer
Arthur Corsant of Middlesex County,
Ontario, stationed I understand at
Masonville. This report reads in
part: “Fishing was very fair for a
part of the season, but on August 12th
there was a slaughter of fish for many
miles west of the City of London.”
Mr. Corsant does not think there was
one fish left alive in the river for
twelve miles west of London. The
water seemed to be polluted with
some strong drug or acid,for it turned
a black colour.” The trouble might
arise from a number of sources, one
of which is the sewer from the city
which empties into the river.”

Let us take the above as a sort of
text, a keynote to this article,
namely: the polluting of our uni-
versal waters. Canada has not es-
caped by any matter of means and
dating from. now on the waters of
Canada stand liable to be polluted
more and more, until, unless strictly
vo attended to, these northern waters
e will be sinks of iniquity like those that
m are found in the States. If I eaill

984

= aa —
as tee ¥
% ia

ae on *
eRe «
-?

i t
a“
* y
*

b OER

eS ars so
ey FER ek or BS wOGe -VY:

= fe
a eee ee ee

ea

.
,
some of the waters of the United —
States sinks of iniquity I mean it. —
I mean by that that they are soan- —
conceivably polluted, so steeped with
injurious ingredients, so full of ruin-
ous acids, coal, tar, gas, dye-drip, oil, —
sewer refuse, etc., as'to render them —
unfit for either drinking or
bathing.

The States have polluted waters by
the hundreds of thousands. I know
one deep water lake in a certain State —
and this lake happens to be in the ©
midst of a big northern city. Mil- —
lions of fish of all sort, are in this lake,
among them the largest sunfish and
strawberry bass I have ever seen in ~
the north. This last spring thou- —
sands of fish floated up on shore dead. —
This was caused by oiling the roads; —
the oil is thought to have found its —
way in great quantities into the lake. ©
The fish cannot stand this harmful —
influence and the result was that
hundreds of thousands of splendid fish —
gave up their lives. But lately an ~
investigation was conducted, and it
was found that the drain pipes from
all the toilets adjacent to the lar:
summer pavilion went into the la

catch fish in and around thos

a ee ee ee ee Sr ee lie lial he

- lung fishes.

* But epidemics among the fish

1p ]
are nevertheless a queer thing.

_ To begin at the beginning. There
is no more important proposition than
this for looking into and carefully
studying. There exists no doubt in
my mind but that few of the people
understand just how harmful pollu-
tion of the waters happens to be. If
the outdoor element, the anglers, etc.,
were aware of conditions in full they
would not stop till conditions were
attended to. We do not conserve
fish and game for the reason that we
feel we are selfishly and hoggishly

- going to get so much more out of the

waters and the fields than previously.
We protect and conserve because we
feel it is a duty of the community; an
act that we feel is sacred in keeping
Nature beautiful and productive, for
the benefit, not alone of those living
to-day but for those that are coming in
the future. If this dictum were not
true; if the people in general did not
hold this view we would leave nothing
behind us but barrenness and desola-
tion.

Water is by far the most valuable
element in this world. Without wat-
er no living thing would be; we are
composed almost entirely of water.
In the beginning of things we were
derived from fishes, or to be more
clear, we were fishes; but we were
Taking the words of
Jordan, ‘“‘some of the fishes of the
sea had besides the gills a sac in the
throat -above the stomach in which
they could stow away air which they
took from the atmosphere itself. This
served them in good stead when they
were in crowded places, in which the
air dissolved in the water would fail
them. And those which were so pro-
wided used to venture farther and
farther out of the water, pushing their
way heavily on the ground. And
those which could put forth most
effort survived, until at last their
descendents were able to maintain
themselves on the land _ together.
These gave rise to the races of rep-
tiles and birds and mammals, the
ancestors of all the land beasts that
you know, as well as men and women,
and all the monkey people.’’ Thus
our natural love for pure water, and

= _ for fishes has a foundation that is in-

Faas Peat
Poke ah

4. Wipe’ , Ph . +
deed comprehensive to say the least
We have for water an inborn desir
and loye ' if

body beyond compare.
ury; the earth’s best. ‘
trout, live only in the purest of water, —
and it is said that the water trout
live in is at all times fit to drink.

Most fish live in pure water, and de-
mand it or die. Impure water pour-

ing down upon them kills them short-
ly; they never live to adapt them- ~
selves to its impurity, to live and e
propagate in it. Only the coarsest —
of fish, the most lacking in food-

values are found in the muddy, pol-

luted, impure waters. The more

clear, the more clean the water is the

higher in organization is the fish

living in it, and that is the reason

the brook trout (Salvelinus fontin-

alis) leads over all!

When a country is wild as this
country has been wild and is yet in
places, everything is in its place cor-
rect and up to the standard. True, -
Nature though outwardly calm, com-
placent and beautiful to look upon
may be cold, practical, and deadly,
operated on a system of survival of
the fittest, the weaker making food
for the stronger, but for ali that her
numbers are always well kept up;
there is no decrease; there are no
ravages that she cannot well repair.
In a wild state in Nature we find the
streams are always high and in the —
hottest of seasons we find that they
do not dry out or lower in volume.
The cause of this is not far to hunt
for. Vegetation, trees, over-decking
foliage at the stream edges preserve
the precious moisture, preventing the’
hot sun from getting in and absorbing
it. The smaller the stream the better
the vegetation and upper roof of ©
foliage. Thousands of smaller streams
feed large streams. As long as the
small streams do not dry out but
feed the large streams in full pro-
portion so long the streams are at
their best—as we witness where
things are wild. But this is not true
with the coming of so-called civiliza-
tion, destructive lumbering and farm-
ing on a universal scale. What hap-

‘pens? The trees that conserve the

moisture are cut down. The bushes

986

along the small streams are eventiaien
removed; the land is cleared. The
little rivulets that previously fed the
small streams are now absorbed in
the open fields. The smaller streams
also brushed along therefore dwindle;
and as the small streams dwindle so
also dwindles the large stream—a
condition we note so often to-day.
As the sun more and more gets at the
waters they warm out. This warming
out process is death to the brook
trout. They cannot stand it, and
they hunt the most secluded pools
for relief. In the west the trout seek
the coldest spots in the mountains as
the stream below is sucked up by the
sun and madelukewarm. As streams
dwindle the fishermen have easier
access to the pools. There are places
in rivers when the hot weather of
summer is on where the fish gather
in numbers. The criminal human
would not hesitate to drop dynamite
into a crowded pool, thus killing all
contained in it.

So much for the declining of the
streams. Not only is this working
utterly against the welfare and pre-
servation of the fish but the people
must pollute those waters as well.
In this respect the lumberman has
been the most criminal, the most
utterly lawless, overriding individual
put upon this earth. If we had all
the fish that have been killed by saw-
dust put in a pile it would easily cover
a small European country to a height
of ten miles or more. You think this
estimate big. Let me make another
estimate to show how destructive the
lumberman has been. Enough lum-
ber has been utterly, needlessly, crim-
inally wasted since the beginning of
the business in this country to build
a house for all the people of the world,
and then have enough on hand for
more. Sounds exaggerated, doesn’t
it? One of the millions of trees that
are now lying to rot in Washington
would easily make ten houses (not
Capitol buildings of course) but small
houses. And there are some trees
that would go ten times or even more
over that. You can walk ten or
fifteen miles over the hulks of fallen
timber without setting foot to ground.
Does that sound exaggerated? I

™ hardly need to prove it. The work

To-day ther are more conservative Le
but not as yet to a sufficient extent. .
They ‘still persist in running their
sawdust into the precious rivers. Now
no fish can long survive the inroads
caused by sawdust ei is poured into
the running wat It has been
proved that sawdust has a tendency
to form a fungus growth on the fish,
ending ultimately in their death.
The sawdust.is the means of killing
the spawn, for settling upon it thickly,
or scantly, fungus growths are form- .
ed over all. Sawdust in the streams
is destructive in not only killing adult

fish but in wiping out also the fry, s
fingerlings and spawn by the millions.
Sawdust should not be turned into —
the rivers and streams. Here are

the words of Charles Bradford along
these lines:

“The railroads cut down the peo-
ple’s trees to make ties, and they burn
the old ties instead of -consuming
them for steam power or giving them
back to the people for fuel or fence |
posts, etc. The mill owner burns or ~~‘
turns the sawdust loose in the rivers, =
doing the same with the slabs; in-
stead of burying the sawdust and
allowing it to turn into loam that
would enrich the soil and thereby
propagate vegetable food matter and
the very tree-life the mill-man wastes.
He is not destroying the material on ~
hand but he is doing his best to pre- ~
vent the growth of future material.”
Bradford also comments in regard to 4
the pollution of streams:

‘‘Hundreds of offenders are empty-
ing the poisonous refuse of their mills
in the mighty Hudson River of New
York State and there is rarely an
arrest though a clause in the New ~
York State Game Laws reads: ‘No
dye-stuffs, coal, tar, refuse from a gas-
house, cheese factory, creamery, con-
densery or canning factory; sawdust,
shavings, tanbark, lime or other de-
leterious or poisonous substance shall
be thrown or allowed to run into any
waters, either private or public, n- ~
quantities injurious to fish life in- ~~
habiting the same, or injurious to the 23
propagation of fish therein.’ There —
used to be excellent fishing along the
Hudson all the way from Albany do W:

ESS te SRD Py Pn eT ece Ds ane

Be ° Se conaily caught by the boy hand-
_ liner, where a few years ago anglers
e enjoyed the best of fishing for striped
_ bass, etc., and the net fishermen filled
their yawls with shad. The great
East River of New York, once the
favorite water of thousands of anglers
is also now the cesspool of the gas
men and acid maker. But the Hud-
gon River and the East River are only
two of the ruined waters upon this
continent that are becoming more
in evidence every succeeding year,
north, east, west and south. Thou-
sands of waters—fresh streams, ponds
and lakes of the upland, as well as
salty floods—are in the path of the
poisoner and the offense is growing
stronger every day, everywhere.”
Canada is yet more or less of a
wilderness; the southern portions of
the country are settled, it is true, but
the far north will not, for a time at
least, be tapped and destroyed in the
respect that waters will be filled with
acids, coal tar, etc., as will be the case
in the southern portion of the coun-
try. The outpourings from the cities
of Southern Canada will destroy these
rivers unless prompt action is taken.
Even in the case of the northern rivers
some manufacturing concerns will
surely establish along their banks
sometime, and they will adopt the
usual method of getting rid of their
refuse, namely: by draining it into
the convenient rivers. We have the
report of the overseer mentioned at
the beginning of this article as just an
instance of what outpourings from
sewers can do. Here it is set down
that the waters turned black and he
estimated that not one fish in the
river lived after that criminal dis-
charge. Can anything be more des-
tructive than this? Should not sports-
men be on their guard, that such
offenders are speedily brought to
justice, for poisoning the waters is a
criminal offense. The gross presence
of a polluted river in a land is a sign
of carelessness, and should be pro-
tested against. Nota brook or stream
or river should contain such danger-

= - ous discharges that fish cannot live

pe
conserving a fish supply: and plar
new fish in our waters without fi

Concerted action is necessary. .
offense of this sort should be followed
up by united protest. A leaderi:
needed and then the rest will readily
come to help.

If Canada is young as yet in stream
pollution it is far from being free from
ite

Canada knows as well as any
State the inroads of the lumbermen —

with their sawdust, poured away into

the streams.
away with in every instance.

lings and even adult fish. Let Can-
adians look at the waters of some of

the States to the South, for example, —

and then draw their own conclusions.
There is a man in Pennsylvania who
writes of having lived along and fished
along the Clarion River of that State.
Thirty years ago it was alive with all
seks of fish. He comments as fol-
OWS:

“The Clarion River at that time
was as clear as any spring run and
many times during the month of
June I have walked along its banks
when one could see every stone, or
other object in the bottom, and later
in the season I have seen it so clear
that one could see through ten and
twelve feet of water, and plainly mark
out the bottom. One year ago I had
occasion to be on the same stream
and—what a change, the water look-
ed like black paint, was thick with
poison and emitted an odor that
superceded, for stench, any pool of

This should be done
No —
mill, big or small should be allowed _
to discharge sawdust into the rivers —
to kill the fish—spawn, fry, finger-—

stagnant water I ever saw. This ©

tells the whole story: fish simply can-
not live in such water. Polluted as
it is, from the factories and the mills,
the water is thick and forms a white
foam where once were silvery ripples.
Fish come up the Allegheny in the
spring, it is said, but after the flow of
the spring floods they die and are
found along the stream covered with a
substance closely resembling mould.
This forms on them before they die.
Much has been said, but very little
done, that is of practical benefit. The
very existence of mountain streams

988

in that condition is a blot in the book
of justice. Certainly no citizen can
feel proud of them and I venture to
say that most citizens detest the
conditions of these waters. Most of
the waters of Western Pennsylvania
are so foul that the offensive odor is
noticed even before one gets within
sight of them!’

Yet the above is only one of the
many examples of the nameless un-
scrupulousness of criminal manu-
facturers, and others who use the
rivers of the country as a detestable
open sewer wherein to eliminate their
deadly poisons; and not a hand is
laid on them to correct the offense.
Canada should take a lesson from ex-
amples such as the above. Canada
ranks very high indeed as the great
pleasure-ground of this continent.
People in the future will flock across
her borders in great numbers. To
keep the vast natural resources at
their old standard of beauty care
must be taken before it is too late.
Habits are best corrected when they
are in their infancy and so the pollu-
tion of the waters in Canada should
receive early and vigorous attention
by all. Along with the establishment
of national preserves, the national
safe-guarding of the valuable timber
supply, the increasing care of game
of all sorts and the stocking of the
waters so must pollution of the waters
be given the most exacting attention.
But is this the case? It is easily
proven that offenders generally get
away with it through I cannot see
in just what way this is done.

Sportsmen and anglers generally
should get together on this matter,
for there is not an outdoor man who
does not want to see the streams of
his country run clean and bright
and health-imparting. It is a great
credit to a country to be able to show
such conditions, and means that care-
lessness has been overruled and a

general awakening as to the immense ~

value of tree, earth and water has
taken place.

Strangely enough pollution of wa-

ters is not alone confined to the usual
habitat of Man. Yearly campers in
the wild places pollute the waters at
their source and people on the lower
stretches of the stream are infected

4 lee it} Tag eee a -
upon partaking of it. There is much —
wisdom in the followin
ments: E

“Some of the worst epidemics of
typhoid fever have been in mountain
towns where the people drink the
clear water of some tumbling moun-
tain stream. No doubt the thought
of the city fathers is that water that
is so limpid and so filled with air by
falls and rapids cannot be impure. |

“Whenever it has been possible /
to run down the source of infection
it has been found that some group
of people has been polluting the
stream, thinking they were doing no
harm because “‘running water purifies
itself.”

“Every year a certain number of.
campers come back to their homes
suffering from typhoid fever. In
many instances it has been found that
the unfortunates had camped on the
bank of some beautiful mountain
stream. The water in this stream
was so cold and clear that the campers
had no hesitation in drinking it freely.
Oftimes a mile or so up the stream
another party of campers stopping
on the banks of the stream were
polluting directly or indirectly by
polluting its banks.

‘“‘Among the campers who take to
the mountains are many typhoid
convalescents and carriers. When
such pollute a stream there is a fair
chance that typhoid will develop,
for the rapid flow of a mountain
stream carries the bacilli to down
stream consumers before there has
been time for purification.

“The California state board of
health is placarding the mountains
of that state with these signs:

Leave your camp as you would
like to find it. Burn or bury all
refuse. Keep the pleasure grounds
of America clean.

DANGER. Do not drink this
water without boiling it.

Pollution of streams is un-
lawful.

Violation of the sanitation
laws is a misdemeanor punish-
able by fine or imprisonment.

Within the national forests the

remarks by
a well-known doctor who thus com-

re n the national

arned to commit no
defiled.

Burn or bury all camp refuse.

Keep your own camp clean and

report all violations of the law

+ to the forest ranger.

_. The California state board also calls

attention to the soda fountains as a

- means of spreading contagion in sum-

mer resorts. The law requires that

glasses shall be washed in hot water
after service to each customer. It
also requires that soda stands be
kept clean and free from flies.

Possibly some contagion is spread

- by swimming tanks. The water in

~~ such tanks should be chlorinated.

- The California board, while very
polite, adds that those who will not
obey the law when asked will be pun-

ished for their disobedience. In addi-
tion they engage in prophecy:
x “Before long an economic signifi-
cance will be attached to sanitation
in the mountains and it will be of such
magnitude that there will be no at-
traction of summer visitors to untidy
or unsightly premises or to regions
where the streams are reputed as
unsafe. Therefore, it will be well
for those who commercialize the at-
tractiveness of the mountains to set
an example in these matters.”

In the main, however, it is the rich
man that pollutes the waters. Hav-
ing refuse to do away with he chooses
the river or some likely stream that
carries it away without any trouble
to himself and not a cent of cost;
whereas, if he were obliged to destroy
_- this upon the land the cost would be
considerable. And since profits must
be piled up though humanity shrivel
and die, and though all of Nature’s
wonders be made abhorrent, detest-
able, and odious still in their eyes
nothing matters but their gains and
their selfish accumulations.

No one has better stated conditions
__as they are at the present day than
Mr. Charles Bradford, the well-known
author of “The Determined Angler’
and the “‘Wildfowlers,’? who has for
years agitated for the preservation of
_ our fishes and the waters of this con-
_ tinent, which are being used so reck-
_lessly, and so indiscriminately by

xe

al

desecration are legion. He com-
ments: Ri
‘An estimable woman in public —

life is loudly preaching against the __

chase, (hunting), and at the same —
time is drawing dividends that pro-

vide her with the means to indulge

in the vulgarest and cruelest of fash-
ionable extravagances—that of array-
ing herself in the wool of unborn |
lamb, furs from the backs of the fast-
disappearing quadrupeds, and fea-
thers that once adorned the farmers’
most valuable insect-destroying song
birds—these mis-spent dividends be- ~
ing derived from several acid fac-
tories, a gas-house, a power-plant,
and a dye-works that have not only
killed off the trillions of fishes in
several rivers, but destroyed forever
the very habitat of the species.

. Another of this sort is well ex-
emplified in the character of an old
gentleman who loudly proclaims
against trout fishing, but who utterly
ruins nearly eight miles of trout
water, once the home of thousands
of lordly fish, by permitting his mill
hands to run off sawdust in the
streams. This poor, ignorant soul
objects to you or to me chivalrously
taking half a dozen specimens on the
fly—catching the cunning trout with
an imitation of the living thing itself
—while he mercilessly slaughters the
entire immediate supply and prevents —
further propagation of the whole
species with the refuse of his forest-
devastating, money-making machine.
True, the Angler like all fishermen,
and like the fishes themselves kills
his specimens, but this killing is
ordained by Nature herself—at least
it has better grounds for excuse, if
excuse it needs, than that tenfold
more destructive killing by the fishes
that not only slay for food, but actu-
ally mutilate millions upon millions
of their kind for the mere play afford-
ed them in this practice—and though
the Angler may be in the wrong when
he humanely dispatches a few of the
batch he breeds, he is not as hopeless
as the wanton fisher, or as brutal as
the unenlightened ‘“‘reformers,’’ the
so-called humane lady with the fash-
ionable furs and feathers of fast dis-

-_-

990

appearing species she never turns a
hair to replenish or protect, and the
old gentleman hypocrite with his
murderous sawmill!’

Much headway is being made upon
this continent I will admit in the
direction of game preservation; and
wildfowl protection. In the States
we have had the Federal Migratory
Bird Law introduced and since its
coming into force it has been found
that the game birds have not only
increased but they have increased in
numbers up to and above fifty per
cent. At this writing (August 18th,
1916) I am notified that the Treaty
with Canada for the joint protection
of the migratory waterfowl is in the

PICKUPS AND

ROBERT PAGE LINCOLN

HEN all things are said and

done it is angling that counts;

angling, the pastime that takes
one out under the free, open blue
skies to follow the rippling waters and
there pursue a sport that has in it all
the elements of perfect enjoyment.
I count my days upon the stream the
most perfect ones in the history of my
recollection. If peace of mind is a
valuable thing; if it is an enviable
quality in the midst of all the turmoil
of life, then I count this a pastime
that is truly akin to godliness. To
love Nature and angle, this is my
theme. I believe in the comfort of
the sun, glittering like silver on the
waves of the rapids. I count it music
to hear the thunder of many falls; and
- to stand in the midst of the water and
cast an electric line and a fly toward
some suspicious boulder is true hap-
piness. At your side in ghostly form
stands that bright galaxy of anglers
who have gone before—from Walton
and Cotton upward to the present day
for it is an age-old and honorable
pastime.

One loves to angle—for the sheer
pleasure of angling; the innate witch-
ery of it. No day on the stream but
leaves its beautiful impression upon
the mind. And is it not wonderful

apes ‘
State Benatar :

ere this goes into prin
wonderful things may have happ
in more closely knitting the relat
of these two countries, divided as
they are only by an imaginary border. —
Just as the widest of consideration has
and is and always will be given the —
protection of the furred and feathered
game of this country so also should
consideration be given the fish of
this continent and the waters they live
and propagate in. I hope to live to
see the time when there will not be a
polluted river or stream on this con- —
tinent.

Canada, protect your pees from —
pollution!

REFLECTIONS

4
how the memory of a day along a q
stream will remain in one’s mind? —
You sit and turn the embers on the a
hearth-stone of a winter evening, and —
in those flames you picture anew a2
day you~have experienced. Ah, but —
that was a splendid day. The nea
ture stands out as never before, clear —
and fragrant with recollection. Here
is one bend in the river; here is ano- a F
ther cool curve, with the woods ne
ing down to those waters on either —
banks. All then is silence and with ~
patience and reserve, and not a little
ingeniousness, you cast a fly into a |
likely place. Was that a rainbow ~
trout that took the fly? Again you —
live over the battle that ensued, and —
remember anew how you stood some
fifteen minutes just viewing and re-
viewing that spotted king. There .
was your partner too; and your >
friends, and the many noonday meals
and the many evenings discussing the —
events of the day. Why; it all see ns”
as though it were to-day, and here it
is full six months in the past.
Many and various indeed are ~
intricacies connected with the art
angling, and of luring the spot
beauties from the bosom of the eter
streams. Many too the paths of
dom to follow, and many the re

nowl led: dge to

t little examples of research

ss h will aid us in appreciating the
fu ness of the pastime.

Away from woe and care and worry
and gloom; that is what one silvery
- giitering trout stream will assure you.
_ If it is sentimental to orate on angling
and to pursue angling in its seasons
then it is indeed a beautiful sentimen-
tality, with a foundation of nobility
and a serenity of mind at its horizon.

It is not so-called civilization that
civilizes us. The incongruous civiliz-
ation of city streets, canyons between
the buildings; dust; clatter; sound
above sound, and smoke and cry and
distress—this civilization does not
lift us into the greater regions of con-
ception and philosophy. This civil-
ization degrades, weakens one physi-
cally and dulls one mentally, and
makes one but a puppet, an inert
pawn in the closely-contested game of
- jife. Nature uplifts, strengthens, and

adds new impulses where the old ones
have died.

He who angles in many summer
waters and always dreams to return
does not live life in vain.

He finds himself pre-occupied with
- new endeavors and lives in the sun-
light of an anticipation that surrounds
his every thought and action. It is
good that itshould be thus. Weneed
some central purpose in our life, above
other purposes, wherein we can re-
juvenate and enlarge, broaden and
renew. Nature, the getting out into
the open, angling along many streams,
thisis the means. To say that we are
old because our years mount up a
___ jittle is to usher in decay. That man
____ sixty years young who complains that
-- he is near to death’s door, is near to
_ death’s door, because he has made up
his mind that he is—and an awful lot
_ depends upon what we think. As we
think so do we generally do; just that
we are. It lies within us to grow old
youthfully or distressingly. And all
true and tried anglers have found re-
juvenating enjoyment out of life.
Even so Walton sat on the banks of
his favorite streams and philosophized
_ -—and Walton will never die. Says
Walton:
“Pil tell you, scholar, that when I
t last on this primrose bank and

0 delve i into for ; ee m:

looked down upon these meadows,

thought of them as Charles the Em-_
peror of the City of Florence,—that
they were too pleasant to be looked ©

upon, but only on holy days!’

Fish, my Brothers, fish: not quaseal
tity but for peace of mind and j joy of —

heart. Cut a willow pole and go to

the home brook and angle for chubs ~

if for nothing else, and sit on the banks
in the face of the Greater Attainment!

There is one thing belonging to the
angler’s paraphernalia, that, as a rule,
is a necessity, and that is a good and
suitable creel. To the trout-fisher-
man the creel is a demand, since

most angling is done on foot, and wad-

ing the streams one must have some

handy and convenient place to put —

the fish as they are captured. In other
forms of angling, as for bass, and the
various pikes, we have the boat where-
in to stow them. But this is not the
case in trout fishing. We must keep
the trout upon our person. Much of
the time we are in the water, some-
times in the middle of the stream, and
we cannot go ashore to leave them in
some secluded place.
creel is the thing, and so it has always
been recognized by all anglers from
the times of Walton upward to the
present day. Because many of the

ngling fraternity are not acquainted
with the matter I have taken it upon
myself here to say some words on the
subject.

In the first place one should get, if
possible, a good creel. There are many
questionable affairs on the market,
some of them at a very low price, but
these should be passed by. The best
creels to be had are those coming from
France, and these are made by the
villagers i in that country who have for
hundreds of years held an enviable
reputation as the best creel makers
in the world. French willow creels
are the pass-word for beauty of re-
liable construction and durability.
Such creels will last and give the very
best of service. But since the War
the French have turned out a very
inconsiderate amount of these, and
we have had to rely upon productions
of this continent. I do not know if
the French production will increase
this year or not, but it seems to me

Obviously the ©

creasing.

Prices of creels range all the way
from one dollar to eight dollars, de-
pending of course upon the make and
the number of pounds to the creel.

And now in the matter of the size
of creel to obtain; I wish to definitely
acquaint the readers, who do not
know about this, how to judge a creel
and what size to obtain.

In the beginning of things I pur-
chased a creel after the recommenda-
tion of a well-known angling writer,
and he stipulated that the nine pound
creel would be just exactly the thing.
So right off I sent for a French Willow
creel, of nine pounds capacity and sat
back with delight to wait for it. It
cost I believe the sum of one dollar
and ninety cents. At last it came,and
by the looks of the package it was big
enough to hold fifteen lake trout.
However I soon discovered, as I be-
gan to mine for it, that it was all I
could do to find it. After discarding
some ten pounds of excelsior and a
like amount of cardboard, I discovered
my creel. I had to look twice to see
it. At first I thought they had made
a mistake and had sent me a watch-
case.
ing goods man and he said: “Sure
that’s a nine pound creel! But I
argued, can that thing contain nine
pounds? If that creel can contain
nine pounds then the Fairbanks scales
are off. Well I went fishing with that
thing, and the appearance I cut created
so much amusement that I almost
lost some lifelong friends as a result.
I caught one rainbow and got one
fifth of his tail inside the creel. The
yrest I tied on outside the creel.

Since then I have had it in for
that angling writer who told me to get
a nine pound creel. Of course if a
fellow is out to get fry and under-
sized fingerlings, perhaps it will hold
ten of them but never any trout
worthy the name.

Get a creel large enough in the first
place, even if you have to get a thirty-
five pound one. A twenty pound
creel is not a bit too large in my

,

In doubt I took it to a sport®

bd FREY oh

Lol it

place the trout to keep them fresh.
Never go under twenty pounds fora
creel is my advice. And if you angle
in waters where the trout run large,
as in the Western waters, a twenty-
five pound creel is none too large.
There are some very elegant leather
bound creels on the market, and if ©
you can land a twenty pound capacity ty. As,
one you certainly have something that
you can be proud of. Such a creel
(though it might cost a little more),
will last for any number of years. —
And the next thing that you need ~
along with that creelisacombination —
harness basket strap. This has a
web center band that passes over the
chest. This strap is of course almost
indispensable. Biren
I have not much time for the so-
called canvas creels though to a cer-
tain extent, they are in use. One of
the best features, however, of the —
canvas creel is that it is collapsible
and may be folded up to take little or
no room in your outfit. Where you ~
are packing along, or going on a long ~
canoe trip there is no doubt that the
canvas creel has its good points. They
are rather inexpensive too. Acanvas —
creel with straps can be had for from
seventy-five cents to a little over a —
dollar. The dollar and a quarter ©
canvas creel has a twenty-five pound —
capacity. “> a

—— PSS
ne Se

t

pe Sa oy
& ,
7

*»

a

FASS)

A correspondent in the States
writes and asks me in regard to the
so-called lamprey, and wants to know ©
a little more about its history; that —
while he has seen many of the order —
he knows little or nothing about it. —
A number of questions are asked and —
for that reason to answer them all it
seems necessary to give the main facts
in regard to the life of this queer
creature that inhabits our waters.

In regard to the lamprey Charles
Frederick Holder has commented: —

“i

- S pa
A fish is a creature whose

arms and legs are developed as fin
having cartilaginous rays sprea
out fan-like to form an oar for sv
ming. But the lamprey has no t
of arm or leg, not even a bone
cartilage hidden under the skin.

| t ever had any limbs at
all, for the earliest lamprey embryo
shows no traces of them. If the
ancestors ever had limbs, the des-
-cendents would never quite forget
it. Some little trace would be kept
by the clinging force of heredity, and
at some time or another this rudiment
would appear. And the lower Jaw,
too, for that is really another pair
if of limbs joined together in the front—
as it were, a pair of short hands clasp-
ed together and never unlocked. But
though the lampreys have no limbs,
and no jaws, and are not real fishes
anyhow, they do not know the dif-
ference, and come up the brook in the
spring, rushing up the rapids, swirling
about in the eddies, just as if they
were real fishes and owned the brook
4 themselves. They are long, slender
q and slippery, shaped like eels, without
any scales and.with only a little fin,
and that along the back and tail, an

The vertebral column itself is limp
and soft, the vertebrae only im-
perfectly formed and made of soft
cartilage. In front the lamprey
seems to, be cut off short, but if we
look carefully we see that the body
ends in a round disk of a mouth, and
that this disk is beset by rows of
sharp teeth. A row of the sharpest
of these is placed on the tongue, and
two of these are above the gullet, for
the tongue to scrape against them.
And the rest are all blunt and are
scattered over the surface of the
mouth, which has no lips, or jaws, but
is surrounded by a belt ofSinges.
When the lamprey is hungry he puts
his mouth against the side of some
fish, exhausts the water between, and
then the pressure of the outside water
holds him there tightly. When this
is done, the fish swims away and the
lamprey rides with it, giving no
thought to where he is going, but all
the while scraping away the flesh with
his rasplike teeth. When he has
filed off enough fish flesh and sucked
enough fish blood to satisfy his hunger
he lets go, and goes off about his
business. The fish, who does not
know what hurt him, goes off to get
well if he can. Usually he can not,
R for the water of the brook is full of the
___ germs of little toadstool-like plants,

‘and these fasten themse

a

outgrowth from the vertebral column..

fish’s wounds and make them bi
and bigger, until at last the cavit
the abdomen is pierced and little
creatures-of many kinds, plant and
animal, go in there and plunder all
this fish’s internal organs, to carry
them away, atom by atom, for their
own purposes.” Bar

It should be remembered that the
lamprey is not an eel, though it much f
resembles an eel in structure. In the ~
waters of the northern portion of the
North American continent these crea-
tures arefound, listed in the genera
Ichthyomyzon and Lampetra. Canada
is therefore represented by these ~
members of this queerest of all things
that inhabit our waters.

David Starr Jordan comments in
his elaborate work, ‘‘Fishes’” that the
eggs of the lamprey “‘are small and are
usually laid in brooks away from the
sea, and in most cases the adult lam-
prey dies after spawning.”

The spawning of the lampreys is
done in the month of April, though
the spawning may extend up till June;
they are then found in many of the
brooks in a great abundance, both
north and in a more southern portion
of the north temperate zone. _Pro-
fessor Surface, in treating of the
lampreys found in the waters of New
York State has given us about the
most excellent bit of writing on the
spawning of these queer creatures ever

of

put out, for which reason portions of es
his narrative are here set down. He
says:

“The lampreys now turn their
heads against the current and set out
on their long journeys to the sites that
are favorable for spawning, which
here may be from two to eight miles
from the lake. In this migration they
are true to their instincts and habits
of laziness in being carried about, as
they make use of any available object,
such as a fish, boat, etc., that is going
in their direction, fastening to it with
their suctorial mouths and_ being
borne along at -their ease. During
this season it is not infrequent that
as the Cornell crews come in from
practice and lift their shells from the
water, they find lampreys clinging to
the bottoms of the boats, sometimes
as many as fifty at one time. They

ce See Po

are likely to crowd up all stredina ont Pct t, bi at ant
flowing into the lake, inspecting the vinced that it is because

bed of the stream as they go.
do not stop until they reach favorable
spawning sites, and if they find un-
surmountable obstacles in their way,
such as vertical falls or dams, they
turn around and go down stream until
they find another, up which they go.
This is proven every spring by the
number of adult lampreys which are
seen temporarily in Fal] Creek and
Cascadilla Creek.

“In ‘running’ they move forward
almost entirely at night, and if they
do not reach a suitable spawning site
by daylight, they will cling to roots
or stones during the day and com-
plete their journey the next night.
This has been proven by the positive
observation of individuals. Of the
specimens that run up early in the
season, about four-fifths are males.
Thus the males do not precede the
females, because we have found the
latter sex represented in the stream
as early in the season as the former,
but in the earlier part of the season
the number of males certainly greatly
predominates. This proportion of
males gradually decreases, until in
the middle of the spawning season the
sexes are about equally represented,
and toward the latter part of the
season the females continue to come
until they, in turn, show the greater
numbers. Thus it appears very evi-
dent, in general, that the reproductive
instinct impels the most of the males
to seek the spawning grounds before
the most of the females do.

“Having arrived at a shoal which
seems to present suitable conditions
for a spawning nest, the individual,
or pair) commences at once to move
stones with its mouth from the center
to the margin of an area one or two
feet in diameter. When many stones
are thus placed, especially at the
upper edge, and they are cleaned
quite free of sediment and algae, both
by being moved and by being fanned
with the tail, and when the proper
condition of sand is found in the
bottom of the basin thus formed, it is
ready to be used as a spawning bed
or nest. A great many nests are
commenced and deserted. This has
been left as a mystery in publications

They |

do not find the requisites. or
conditions of bottom to supply
their needs and fulfill all condi
for ideal sites.”’ tay
When spawning the lampre rey ates.
taches itself by the aid of its mouth
with its peculiar suction apparatus to :
some rock or log, and as is not gener-
ally said, the creature dies after its act —
of pro-creation is completed. He :
David Thoreau, one of the eet =
nature writers of all time has said:
“It is thought by fishermen that they
never return, but waste away, and
die, clinging ‘to rocks and stumps of ©
trees for an indefinite period, a tragic
feature in the scenery of the river i's
bottom worthy to be remembered ~ a
with Shakespeare’ s description of the —
sea-floor.”’
And, says Holder: ‘““‘When the youre
are hatched they are transparent as — :
jelly, blind and toothless, with a 4
mouth that seems only a slit down the .
front end of the body. These little
creatures slip down the brook un- —
observed, and hide themselves in the —
grass and lily-pads till their teeth are ©
grown and they go about rasping the —
bodies of their betters, grieving the —
fishes who do not know how to protect 4
themselves.” ©

In the youthful period of its life
the lamprey passes through a com- —
plete metamorphosis, when they are —
in and around the length of five to ten
inches. To that time they are with- —
out, apparently, any eyes at all, and
without a mouth; but in passing q
through the stage ‘of metamorphosis —
the eyes become noticeable and the —
mouth and the teeth come into view
and the suctorial apparatus takes on
definite shape. The young icine
gradually works upward, attacking
larger and larger fishes. In line with
many investigations it has been found
that the hard-scaled fishes are not the
main sufferers, but rather such fishes
with softer scales are the losers. Tk ie
bullhead, trout, etc., are eagerly
sought after. Professor H. A. 3S.
Savage comments that ninety per
cent of the bull-heads taken from
Cayuga Lake, New York, for the
market, have been wounded —
scarred by the lampreys—this bec

so

poe ei,

and has no hard scales to defend itself
_ from the inroads of this parasite.

a
a

_ “There is an old story that if the
Angler’s book has a pattern of fly in
- exact imitation of the real fly upon
the water he has but to join it as the
_ stretcher to fill his creel. Ogden tells
- us in so many words: “Give not the
trout an exact imitation of the real
_ fly upon the water, for your artificial
fly will then be one in a thousand.
_ Something startling will please them

better—loud gold body, strange
colored wings—and an odd fellow may
take it for sport if nothing else.”
While this is a good bit of advice, it
- * does not seem right to me to send it
forth in such a sweeping manner. The
question of whether we should imitate
nature in general in fly building has
long been in vogue. Some say we
should do so, and others that it does
not matter. ee age correct—there
are times when we should copy the
living flies, and times when we should
use those artificial things that have
no resemblance to nature’s insects.
I have come upon a water where the
trout were rising to the small Dusky
Miller, and have, by putting on the
artificial fly of this order, taken a
dozen beauties in good play. It was
because I arrived just in time; the
trout were not tired of their course.
Perhaps twenty minutes later they
would not have done more than have
eyed my cast. In that case, even
if the water were covered with a
species of the real fly, it would have
been better to have offered them
something different. Copy nature
if the fish be devouring—not alone
because the fly is on the water; they
may be tired of it. Sometimes there
are flies being taken that are not seen
___ by the angler, for trout can snap a fly

upon the wing. Fly-fishing is not an
easy pursuit. It is real science.
Rules are good, but we must not fail
to suit the rules to the conditions.
No; you are not supposed to use the
entire list, for to-day the trout may
not favor over two or three of them;
_ to-morrow he may take six of them—
___ all different from those he may show a
__ liking for to-day. It is all very well
_ for an angler to take but three dozen

ms
3

Ppt

Se. 5 re en ; P < ie “x p nares he eae aR Ss % , 4
ad sa slow-moving fish Coachmen and Brown and Grey ee oy

poked Sa ek 2

le, for the Western trout, or any trout
that is not educated up to the stand-
ard of the trout that is fished for —
incessantly, but I should like to make >
a month’s trouting trip and take along
only three kinds of flies, even if I had
dozens of each of the three and if my —
favorite quaker were one of the trio,
no matter where the stream—East,
West, North or South!’ eb}
Charles Bradford. >; See
Like everything else, and in every- ;
thing else no definite rule can be laid
down to follow in any special thing,
and to say that the exact imitation
of an insect every time will bring
success is very uncertain. Now [I
have time and time again used an ;
exact imitation (as much so as pos-
sible at least), of certain insects that ;
the trout feed upon and I have had
excellent success in its use. Perhaps
the time of day and of the year used
them had much to do with this suc-
cess; nevertheless I have had success
with exact imitations of certaininsects —
I know to be truly trout food. m3
Now just what do I mean bythat? ae
I mean for instance that not every
insect. seen along the streams is a
really, truly trout insect, for there
are an awful lot of insects that just
“happen along’ and are captured
by the trout; but because these in-
sects Just happen to be at the stream
is no sign that it is the daily food of
the trout, and it does not follow,
therefore, that an exact imitation of
that fly would prove exceptionally
killing. Yet that is what Louis
Rhead would have us believe. He
has pictured a vast number of flies
he has found-along the streams, a new
aggregation for each month. Two
thirds of these flies, however, cannot
be called trout food, for they just
happened to be found around the
stream. But there are some special
flies that really are the food of trout
that can be closely imitated and being =
closely imitated can be used most =)
successfully on the streams, as for . :
instance the May Fly. If you havea. 33
real May Fly imitation, K.make so
bold as to say that it cannot be
equalled as a fly to be used in the
spring season. I have had the honor
of trying out specimens of all of

Me (
ee AS

AS fae ee: fe *
ye Fa ; Pac ah ek 4

996—

Doctor Gove’s flies, and his ie
is about the closest approach I have
yet had on my leader. The very good
catches I have made on this fly but
point to the fact that if a fly-maker
with some quarter of a century ex-
perience behind him cannot build a

fly that rivals comparison then no-_

body can. What we have so often
confounded for exact imitation flies
are in no sense of the word exact
imitations. I have some “exact imi-
tation” flies and they are so unlike
anything that lives, flies or breathes
that they are absolutely impossible.
Here is one of these English flies. In
the first place a fly to be an exact
imitation must have a detached body
that craftily curls up in back—all of
which is natural. Has this exact
imitation English fly a detached body
or a body at all? Most emphatically
it has not, and yet we are told that
this fly is the height attained in fly-
making perfection. Well I will wager
a bet here and now that Doctor Gove
-up there on the Bay of Fundy can
out-tie and outclass any fly-maker
today. I know because I have used
these flies and so successfully that I
will use this style hereafter in place
of the standard regulation flies. There
is nothing in this for me beyond ,Pass-
+ ing along a good word, which is my
prime duty as angling editor of a de-
partment such as this. In a recent
communication Dr. Gove tells me
that he has decided to tie a number
of these flies for anglers who would
like to try them out at a rate of ex-
penditure that is pretty reasonable.
His address is Lambertville, Deer
Island, New Brunswick. The point

ie
ROD AN D GL ‘UD CAD
IN ID ai

:
ae al

o a ro’ 4
(One s the \ W ng mate
Gove flies. This is an el:
upon the findings and inventic

eene in company with the indt
trious Doctor. True, I have s b=
mitted some pointers. The resul by
has been the most successful inova-
tion so far in fly-tying, and I am not — cae
afraid to fish with that fly against any
other fly in the country. Thecareful
experiments I made last season prove _
this. True, while Dr. Gove ties real
exact imitation flies, as, after the
Mayfly, the general flies that he ties
are not after any specialinsect. This
is unnecessary; because their form,
coloration and lifelikeness is aninstant
success, and their attractiveness there-
fore out of the ordinary. There have
been put on the market, by the way, — “4
some flies that are called nature flies, | i
but these can in no way compare with i.
the beautiful live flies, and are only —
clumsy attempts at the best.

When I see something that is better —
than something that has been in use
before in the angling field I always —
like to recommend it. That is what
I am here for, and so I pass the ine @
formation on to you for what it is —
worth. There is no theory or specu- —
lation about it—that the Gove flies
are the best on the market to-day. —
Itisa well- condensed fact. My last ©
summer’s fishing has proven this, just —
as I have had it proven to me that the —
Telerana Nova leaders are the hese y
on the market. I know this, and I ©
have tried all sorts and brands. og

This department will always on
vocate the best and most worthy —
things, discarding everything that —
does not, by use, prove itself as worthy. —

igh:

aa

™

“¢

*

Joy

Being An Interchange

“LETTERS BY THE WAY

of Epistles Between Robert Page Lincoln and Doctor

oie

Harry Gove of New Brunswick

Lambertville, Deer Island, N:B., Nov. 4th.
ae Aa |
Robert Page Lincoln;
Dear Sir:—
To say the least I have been industriously
and patiently looking for your last letter,

. the receipt of which I now acknowledge.

You need not be surprised that I should
think so highly of your articles on Fly-tying
that have appeared in Rod and Gun, and
the motive that inspired them and made
their appearance a possibility. As you are
no doubt aware I do not use a vice in Fly-
tying; but it has nevertheless opened a way
for an amateur to tie a fairly decent appear-
Menno As, FOr anstance, when
our earliest ancestor took up a stone, to break
the marrow-bone of a mastadon, he struck
the first blow at the integrity of the human
hand, by inventing a tool. In this age ma-
chinery has robbed the fingers of their beauti-
ful manipulation, but machinery can never
equal, for beauty of workmanship, or artistic
finish, the delicate touch of the fingers.
The man who cannot tie a fly on a Number
12 hook, without the aid of a vice, is not in
my humble estimation an out and out expert.
There are no half-way measures about it.
It is a very difficult matter to tie a really
good fly, and almost as impossible to instruct
anyone how to do it by letter. Pretty much
as applies to poetry, the expert Fly-tyer is
born, not made. ‘The process of fly-tying is
an Art, and those who become successful in
this craft are indeed far from numerous, and
in only the most rare cases has anything like
perfection been gained. If we are to judge
perfection by present-day productions of
artificial flies then indeed do we suffer a cruel
defeat of our speculations and demands.
Progress in fly-tying has been practically at
a dead-level stand-still for lo these many
years. Anglers have been content to use
the old form of regulation fly, believing that
that is the only thing worthy of attention, and
believing also that that is the closest approach
to the natural that can be had. One of the
foremost reasons why I admired your articles
on the subject of fly-tying in Rod and Gun
was that you carried your students to the
limit of what language would express. The
helpfulness of this can hardly be exaggerated.
Most articles on fly-tying have been put out
in a treacherous, weighty, indistinct language
that only the inveterate puzzler could fathom.
Lucid language only can serve to acquaint
the beginner with fly-tying forms. Only a
few are able to persevere; the majority give
it up and fall back on the flies, purchasable
in the stores. And perhaps it is as well, for
the average fly-tyer makes many blunders
at the game and considerably little respect-
able headway.

For the reasons mentioned in your last let-
ter it is of the greatest possible importance
that an angler be so far advanced in the fly-

tying Art that he can tie a fly at the river= —
side, which, if not absolutely accurate to
form and the various attendant details, is
sufficiently accurate to imitate an insect
upon which the trout are feeding. Now this —
is quite a difficult matter, and judging from
the ridiculous efforts made in this direction —

the most that one can say of them is that
they are impossible, in every degree of con-
sistent reasoning and conception.

Again, there are quite a few secrets that
no professional fly dresser will impart or share
with the general public, but upon the know-
ledge of these the tying of an artistic fly is
subservient. There has never been a prac-
tical treatise on the subject that has ever
attempted to do it, and it is just possible
that they did not know these secrets, that

is, if their drawings were an expression of —

their knowledge. In my earlier days of fly-
tying I very properly got stalled up, as the
term goes. I knew my failings, and properly,
my limitations. I wrote to Mr. Harrington
Keene about it, and he, with the courtesy so
characteristic of him fixed a feather for me,
and enclosed it with the remark: “This is
what you want to know; in this the whole
secret of handling duck feathers is involved.”
I am not aware what pattern of a May-fly our
friend Mr. Rosamond had the misfortune to
cast upon so many waters, without success,
but if he trusted “‘Caesar and his fortune” to
the harlequin imitations of either European,
or, more in particular, recent American
productions, | am not surprised. The sum
total of my belief is that no near perfect May-
fly has yet been produced. I will dress your
correspondent one of our May-flies, just to
let him see how it looks. In rare instances
fancy flies have proved more successful than
good copies of the natural insect before us, and
this is explained by the fact that sometimes
trout are only taking the said natural fly.
Try tying a May-fly in this way.

Until we introduced, by our joint findings
and those begun by Keene, our new method
of dressing, most of the bodies of the stan-
dard May-flies were made of straw. This
material is too stiff and brittle to be wound
in the ordinary way. My way of tying it
is to make the body as usual and tie in a
strong piece of ribbing tinsel. Then cut a
narrow piece of light straw, the length of the
body and tapered and make a small nick
at either end, cover the silk lapping neatly
with the straw so that the seam lies upper-
most, holding the straw in place. Then
fasten it by winding the ribbing tinsel spirally
over it. I see, for some reason, one of our

_angling friends has requested you to tell him

997

how to stain gut, different shades: from the
approved mist color. I fail to see the ad-
vantage of it. A strong solution of Onion
skins can be made by boiling them, immers-
ing the material in it when cold; this will
stain it a light yellow. Green tea, made

2

998

strong, will give the gut a light green shade.
An infusion of logwood will dye these leaders a
yale blue. This last stain is a good one, and
1as none of the erosive Fes about it
attendant upon the use of aniline dyes. Il
find from careful measurements that the
correct proportions of an artificial May fly,
are as follows: Of both dun and spinner,
the length of the wings from base to tip is
equal to the total length of the head, thorax
and abdomen. Of a dun, the length of the
whisks is to the total length of head, thorax
and abdomen, as 7 to 6 in a spinner. This
same ratio is as * to 4. This seems a small
matter but nothing must be neglected in the
production of our new flies. Having started
out to make the finest natural imitations in
the world, proportion must play a leading
part, as likewise shape and color. There is
no evidence of life in a straight line, but once
we conceived the idea of putting the bend in
the shank of the hook, we were in possession
of a secret that would materially change the
entire system of fly dressing—it imparted to
it the illusion of motion.
one might just as well fish with a piece of old
rubber boot as with the imitation of a May-
fly which lacks irridescence; this remark
applies to artificial duplicates of all the Ephe-
meridae. The transparent bodies and wings
of our flies give them this most desirable qual-
ity. Now if there is any doubt in the minds
of our angling friends as to the superiority of
true natural flies, tied in the imitation, I will
take it as a great favour if they ‘will enclose
me the best imitation of a May-fly they can
secure; I will tie one of mine, returning his
fly and will allow the one I will send to do its
own talking. The remarks of John Harring-
ton Keene quoted in your last letter are
directly in favour of a floating fly, and the
ordinary fly will not float when water-soaked.
To obviate this Keene gave it a double
quantity of wing, as the additional wing
added to its buoyancy. Mr. Keene, in these
remarks, alluded to the feather fly. To my
certain knowledge his investigations always
ran in the direction of the transparent water-
proof wing. His idea of finding this ma-
terial in the lining membrane of the Tarpon
scale was as practical in its application as it
was successful. No angler should ever forget
what Keene pronounced correct, and although
long years have passed, my ideas have center-
ed upon his conception of the kind and quality
of a material that would make a perfect wing.
His experiments were in that direction, and
at his request I made a number of careful!
investigations of different animal membranes
—but none of them met the critical test of
his searching analysis. The wings of our
present fly are a practical and enlightened
continuation of his dominant ideas, and of
his statement given with no uncertain sound
as to the value of correct imitation. I shall
m the future have the pleasure of illustrating
my method of tying the roll wing fly and its
modifications. This latter mentioned fly I
may remark is the one referred to by Harring-
ton Keene. At this point I may illustrate
a material he spoke most favourably of as a
wing for the small floating flies. And its
worth is singularly good. It is made from
the root end of a quill, a crow’s feather for

Before I fonget it—

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

instance. Cut off about one and a half
inches of the root of the quill, and steep it
for a few minutes in hot water. Then slit
the quill straight down the middle, turn it
inside out, detach the outside membrane at
the extreme root end with the thumb nail,
and tear it off the quill. The membrane
obtained will be a good size and will take
a dye readily. It will be possible to get a
piece of any degree of fineness required.
With this material one is able to obtain some
excellent transparent wing material. I re-
gret very much that I did not carefully stow
away the copy of the New York Sunday
Herald which contained an article from my
pen on the application of the Tarpon scale
membrane Keene was so enthusiastic about.
Just now particular importance would be
attached to it, as it contained his opinion
as to the correct method of constructing a
fly to imitate Nature. We must not allow
this very beautiful material to drop out of
existence if in any way we can secure the
Tarpon scales. Very fortunately I under-
stand how to prepare them for the purpose
he intended.

In your last letter you spoke of the success
you had using-an imitation of a swamp moth.

This reminds me that experience has taught
that imitation moths, properly constructed,
should occupy a conspicuous place in every
angler’s fly-book. Some of the smaller ones
tied on a Number 10 hook will get you a
basket of fish when everything else fails.
I use seal fur bodies for these to the exclusion
of everything else; wing them with the ma-
terial I use in my flies, and after that bag
them a slight dust with the powder used in
the mixing of gold paint. By doing this
you have got the irridescence, perfectly na-
tural to the insect. I make this statement
here that all the awful caricatures that en-
cumber the market, falsely representing that
they imitate the American Ephemeridae,
are sometimes mistaken by trout for moths,
which are the only animate forms of life one
could possibly conceive they resemble, and
mind you I don’t say they ever do this. Now
the question as to what extent the imitation
of the natural insect must be carried out,
and whether a fish can or does exercise se-
lection. The sensible answer to the first,
would be: as far as possible; the second
query is somewhat more difficult. Now,
philosophically speaking, hunger is one of
the desires, and it is a desire of quantity and
not of quality. Trout possess all the attri-
butes of a predatory animal, and it seems
quite unnecessary to endow them with the
gustatory nerve of a Lucullus. Evolution
does not place any animal entrusted to its
care, improperly equipped, to successfully
sustain itself in the battle for life. In the
trout, extreme celerity of movement runs
parallel with acuteness of vision. It is the
organ of sight that the maker of an artificial
lure has to deal with, and the imitation of

an insect must be carried to the extent that =

it will deceive the acuteness of vision, and
not excite suspicion. I have often wondered
what the Salmo jfontinalis thinks of a raft of
oil-soaked feathers floating down the stream,
say, for instance, a feather European Buz-

zard, or one of Louis Rhead’s wordless mons-

~~

LL: —78
frightens it to death. John Harrington
Keene remarked: “It’s a rock bottom fact
that the Ephemeridae are the favorite food
of the trout,” and there is no sane man who
examines the beauty, irridescence, and deli-
~eate contour of one of these and compares it
with the junk that is made to imitate them,
but must have a nervous overflow—he must
either laugh or cry. The idea that trout
flies must resemble natural insects, also that
they must be counterparts of those that
periodically come into existence, while true
_to a certain extent, in the main is as old as
the -hills. Every now and again somebody
digs up this worm-eaten carcass and infers
that it is his own private idea. The last one
to exhume it was Louis Rhead, and in his
Book he has assumed a protectorship over
the American Angler he will have some diffi-
culty to sustain. There never yet has been
a book written on the subject of angling in
which the writer has been able to illustrate
his ideas by the artificial imitations he illus-
trated. I make no exception, but in justice
to Alfred Ronalds, candor compels me to
state he is far and away ahead of them all,
; Halford and the rest included. In fact they
are all mere copyists of Ronalds, and some
of them very poor ones at that. I, for one
of the American Anglers, do not propose to
allow any one to foist on me a bunch of fea-
thers supposed to be an imitation of an insect.
For this time the above is all I can set
down; but I trust that it will sufficiently in-
terest you as to call forth an answer.
_ Hoping to have the great pleasure of hear-
ing from you again, at your convenience,
I beg to remain,
Most fraternally,
Harry Gove, M.D.

IV
Woodstock, Ont., Rod and Gun,

Nov. 17th, 1916.

Doctor Harry Gove;

Dear Friend:—

It is a great pleasure to hear from you,
I can assure you my dear Gove, and I am
replying only after I have cleared away the
remnants of past literary labors, so that
I might have a clear field in which to mingle,
and with no restrictions to lay me low as a
slave to chance winds that blow. It is agree-
able first, last and all the time, to have the
letter of a sincere angling acquaintance; in
fact I may say I would far rather obtain the
letter of an angler than that of any other soul.
I know that in that letter will be found traces
of a greater glory—that greater friendship—
realized out where the eternal skies are blue,
where there is iron of resolve in the good
earth and where the never-ceasing streams
wash away the last taint of smart and ill feel-
ing, acquired through one source or another
in this vale of smiles and tears. So as I say
-I am glad to have your letter. It leaves a
warm spot in the heart and I have taken it
to my study this evening and am giving it

my careful attention.
I was very much surprised and delighted
when receiving your latest flies, namely, the
lake trout flies. These productions seem
to me to be examples of the greatest virtue

ee er en ae eee

really don’t know, but suppose ~

and when I say that, I say it as a judge
what is a good fly and what is a bad fl
These flies you have tied are not only lifel
but possess some points that place them ~
far ahead of the fli

ies that are now found
on the market and which are said to be exact
imitations. I see no reason why these speci-
mens now elaborated upon (your lake trout

virtues as the river flies which I have tried
out and find as killing as any I have had on
my leader’s length: The combination of gut
body with the upper part of seal fur is cer-
tainly an innovation that carries with it
many points of excellence. At the same
time, the fact that these flies are waterproof
is another point to their credit. I have
always held that lake trout may be taken
on flies, and that too in goodly numbers. I
have proven this to my entire satisfaction
many atime. As you have previously noted

_ most of the lake trout flies that are to be had

on the market are nothing more or less than
hap-hazard bungles. If you place these flies
for sale, as you intend, I note, I surely hope
that you will win success as it is certainly
due you, and no one can wish you better
luck in your endeavours than I.

That there is an art to fly-tying we know
to be a fact among facts.

Fly-tying to be a success at all, must be
artfully considered and one must progress
along lines that are reasonable and enlight-
ened. It seems to me that there has been
already too much of guess work; too many
fishing appliances are made just to sell and
anything that a brain can concoct that is
something new, (whether it looks like any-
thing the fish like or not), it has a good sale
and is eagerly devoured by the fishing ele-
ment—and let their shades never lessen.
When a man progresses in fly-tying it be-
comes a nuisance to have a vice. It may
be all right to begin with but later on he feels
that it can readily be discarded. But at that
not every man is nimble-fingered and accur-
ate. That is the first thing to be considered.
The-very intricate moves made in tying some
of these small flies call for the greatest of
patience, surely, and every move must be
more or less of a success without trying and
trying over and over again as I have seen
many do. As for tying a fly at the stream-
side, I have found that the mere addition of
something or another will work wonders.
Old flies can be made into new ones, if you
have some likely material in hand. Most
of our well-known standard regulation flies
were made by well-known men at the stream-
side out of such things as a bit of feather, or
some flower petals, etc. But most of the
old-timers in the angling game (the writers)”
engaged themselves in angling for the brook
trout. There can be no doubt but that the
speckled brook trout is the most aristocratic
of the trout and the charrs. It is the most
liable to become ultra-civilized, and being
this, is liable to be the hardest to angle for.
Therefore true nature-appearing flies may’
contrive a capture with them where other
methods fail. I take for instance the dry
fly. In this country most of the dry fly
fishing is done for brook trout, though I will
admit in the streams of the Eastern United

3

ay.
eit ¥

flies) should not carry with them the same “tel

‘ .

. on
a
“OUT

to note that the trout (and these are mostly
mountain trout) are not so exacting and dis-
criminating, and they take flies sometimes
that look not the least like anything found
in and on the waters. I should imagine
that your original flies would work to per-
fection on the Western streams and I am
very eager there to give them a careful try-
out.

I note that you are both a “colorist” and a
“formalist” as it is understood in angling
arlance. There are a great number who
elieve that true colorations in trout flies,
like those found in Nature are not in demand,
but rather that the trout are on the lookout
for the form of that insect. These men are
called formalists. On the other hand we
have the colorists who believe that color
with the trout is a matter of great importance.

Personally, I am in exactly the position you

—_"

are in, namely: if it is good and wise to
imitate one particular in the make-up of a
fly then why is it not as good, (or better), to
imitate every particular in that fly’s make-up,
including both the form and the coloration.
Like you I have advanced to the stage where
I am both a colorist and a formalist. This
is not to say that an exact imitation of all
insects found on the stream must be made;
this would be asking too much. But there
are certain insects 1 firmly believe ‘that
should be as much an exact imitation in the
artificial form as possible—namely: the
Mayflies, which form such a goodly portion
of the trout’s fare in that season. I am
right, therefore; in believing that if a May-
fly is to be imitated at all it should be per-
fectly imitated, both as to coloration and as
to form, particularly. You go even so far
as to get the absolute correct measurements
of the body, head and so forth so as to make
it as exact as possible. That is what might
be called irue exact imitation. Now it is a
fact, and I can call upon you to back this up
that the average imitation of a Mayfly is
the limit. You will remember that a certain
correspondent referred to his having used
some Mayflies that were so perfect in every
Way that they seemed virtually to spring
up out of the case they were in. He fished
these “exact imitation” Mayflies everywhere
in the United States and had little or no
luck with them. But on enquiry I found
that these flies were of the dry variety, and
as the writer has said they “were not de-
tached as to body”. The wings were almost
transparent and contairied the delicate vein-
like tracery of the natural fly. Of course the
body, not being detached, curved downward
with the drop of the hook but it’s a mighty
discriminating trout that would reject mine
on that account unless, as you suggest, he
was pretty well fed up on the real fly.”

Of course the flies our correspondent speaks
of were in no sense exact imitations. |Per-
sonally I do not know if all trout would refuse
such a fly because it lacked the body; but
I have known trout that have been so keen
as to eyesight that it was almost necessary to

ave colors and form in a fly all intact to gain

broo " k how ae

_do not know, and can only conjecture. oe

cCeS € a
ne de > Thy
hold that i makes n om: Terer te I 1
Giving the trout credit for an except
ronounced and keen eyesight Bafa
e not be able to judge by a fly whe
were bodyless or if it had a body? You
in your letter that trout possess an acuten
of vision which combines well with the spee
the fish is able to put into its body, as wh
rising for an insect. ‘There is always a possi- ~~
bility that we judge the eyesight of atroutby
our own eyesight—and if we do that we may
fail to grasp the fact that the eyesight of the — 3
trout is far superior to ours. There aresome
men who have made tests by submerging —
themselves in water and opening their eyes
have viewed an artificial fly that has been —
cast and drawn in that very water. Halford
states that all-he was able to see was an im-
describable something with a globule like
mercury (a bubble) adhering to it. If the
eyesight of the trout were no better AM
that surely our eyesight under water would
be an equal to it, but that is not the case.
Our eyes are land-eyes. Our eyes were not
fashioned by any matter of means for use
under water. But the trout’s eyes were.
‘The water is his daily home. Is it not there-
fore reasonable to believe that he can see
things that fall therein with a clearness of
vision such as our clearness of vision in de-
noting things appearing on land. Of course; —
why noi? We know that the trout has an —
eyesight that is keen; but just how keen we —

See ae
a
*

In’ all animals (including fishes and man)
some certain faculty as of feeling, smell,
hearing, etc., is most pronounced; most hi
accentuated. This heightening of cegéain —
senses has come in as it will best serve the ©
animal that possesses it. Thus note in the
dog family, the dog, the fox, and the wolf.
The sense of smell is exceptionally highly
keyed up. Our sense of smell in comparison
is as nothing whatever. We have no especial —
need of a sense of smell; our intelligence tells
us how to diflerentiate between things. But ©
the dog family is different. In the case of ©
the fishes, and the trout especially, a sense
of smell is not in demand, at least to any
great degree, but a sense of sight is absolutely ~
necessary. Upon that sense of sight Nature
has concentrated just as she has concentrated
in giving the dog a sense of smell that has
scarcely a comparison. Each living thing
has some faculty that will serve it well in its — 2
struggle for existence. Just so the trout
has been allowed a sense of sight that must ~
be marvelous to say the least. a

I make these remarks because nine-tenths ™
of the anglers give the trout little credit for —
the sense of sight they have at their com-
mand. Charles Z. Southard, in his elegant —
new book “‘Trout Fly Fishing in America” —
has made some rather interesting remarks
on the subject of eyesight of trout. Taking ~
it down we find this: ae

“A troul’s eye is without eyelids.
anterior surface {the cornea) is flat, or neai
so, and is covered with the skin of the h
which, over the surface of the eye is trans]
ent. The eye on this account can never
closed. How then can an eye be prop

=,

ys
os

-compared,to the human eye which’ has eye-
lids; a convex anterior surface and a much
more tender skin or membrane covering,
which is so sensitive that the sight is blurred
and dimmed when submerged in water.

“After many years of study and observa-
tion of this subject as an angler I can un-
_ reservedly say that all trout have, to my
mind, keen vision and can distinguish and
discriminate between different colors. Few
anglers are of the opinion that they cannot.
Anglers of wide experience should know full
_ ___ well that trout can distinguish color as readily

as they can the artificial from the real fly

after it is taken, although an entirely differ-
a ent sense is brought into play. What would
_ *_ be the object of having he many brilliantly
colored flies in addition to the white as well
as the black ones if the trout were color-
blind? Surely, if color played no part in
fishing with the artificial fly, there would
hardly be any good and sufficient reason for
the manufacturers of such flies making an
assortment, in many instances, of over two
hundred different patterns. If trout were
color-blind then one fly would be just as good
and just as successful as another, the ques-
tion of size being the only one to consider,
and-anglers would only have to carry one
pattern. But where will you find the angler
who is content to have but one pattern or
one particular fly in his book when going
trout fishing?”

The opposition to the above theory (that
trout are not color-blind) is, that, out of a
spirit of adventure a trout will take any fly;
that, seeing it moving in the water, it will
take an adventurous sporting chance and
snap itup. I believe it was Thaddeus Norris,
one of the Old Guard of angling writers who
commented that the color or particular shape
of the fly did not matter just so long as that
fly was played in the water with a lifelike
motion—like an insect, caught in the watery
prison—struggling to free itself from that
grasp. If you can inject such action, (by
playing your fly), into it, his claim was that
any trout would be fooled. With him it
/was entirely a matter of how the fly was
played—not the color or even the form.

I do admit that some trout will be fooled,
and if not fooled will take any sort of a fly
out of sheer sport. But I have always con-
sidered this as the rare exception. I would
not bank on the nondescript fly, unless it
had form and some palpitant color to it. If
the fly has, first: wings that are more or less

transparent and really insect-like; and, sec-
ond: if it has the correct detached body, then
everything is possible. But I do not know
that the mere playing of the thing without
body, etc., would coax an old trout to rise
to it. As I have said,—the trout that does
it is the rare instance.

Returning to the eyesight of fishes, Dr.
Henshall has also remarked:

2 “We can surmise that fish are not color-
_ blind, otherwise there would be no reason
for the beautiful colors that many male fishes
assume during the breeding season. Fishes
are possessed of keen vision, and possibly
have the faculty of distinguishing colors in a
4 fly, even when on a fretted surface, where

—_~

tl a ie sh!

‘ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

to our eyes they are very indistinct, and |

where the form cannot be well defined.”
As you have remarked there is no action,
or life-likeness in a straight line. The up-
ward curved hook is the thing, and the flies
you have tied are a very good representation
of the point in question. With all due credit
to Louis Rhead, who has written a book on
American trout stream insects it must be

said that he has pursued a distinct line of -

thought which points to more of a future
for fly-tying in this country. But, as you
have remarked, not every fly that Mr. Rhead
has pictured in his book, with delicate and
careful natural colors, are trout insects.
Insects, as you have remarked, that just
happen along are not trout insects. But
the pictures of the true trout insects are good,
and one may tie real flies after them with
the exhibition of some little skill. Mr. Rhead
has confessed that up to the time he pursued
his studies and work in the make-up of this
book, his knowledge of fly-tying was “prac-
tically nil,” to use his own words. Some
of the pictures of his own flies, tied after
the stream insects he has pictured are in no
sense of the word like the natural thing.
Anyone who will compare the colored plate
of insects and the photo of his imitations of
the same will note that his work is very
amateurish, unlifelike. ‘As far as Mr. Rhead
has gone it is good, but the fact that he has
a company tie these flies for him does not
give the same touch that the creator of a real
ily, doing the work himself, would put into
it. We do not doubt in the least but that
the company that now ties and sells Mr.
Rhead’s patterns does finished commercial
work, better perhaps by far than Mr. Rhead
could do. Mr. Rhead is an artist of fine skill,
excelling with the pen, pencil and brush; but
we fear that when it comes to tying flies after
his excellent insect productions ‘his company
can do better than he, by tying after the
colored plates. Mr. Rhead pictures flies
with the exquisitely gauze-like, transparent
wings that typify the family Ephemeridae.
In his hand-tied creations of these same flies
we noté clumsy upstanding feathers for wings
but how they are able to imitate the trans-
parent wings of the insects he has pictured
1 am unable to know. Yet that problem you
solved long before Rhead ever thought of
taking up ily-tying and insect study with the
transparent material in your fly-wings. «

I was exceptionally interested in your
method of dusting certain artificials (imita-
tions of varied members of the ephemerals)
with gold paint powder, thus to give the
creation the irridescence demanded. This, it
seems to me is an exceptionally good method.
How would a person make this powder dust
stick to the fly, and would any of the powder
be put on the wings, or the body alone?
True, I hitch a great deal of faith on moth-
creatures. And that a dusting of gold pow-
der would add to their irridescence I have
no doubt, though I have never tried that
system.

It is with the greatest delight that I look
forward to your letters and information along
scientific lines in fly-tying. The scientific
souls left in this work are surely few and far
between, and I count on you as one of the

1002

Joremost. I shall be glad to hear more in
regard to the Mb canta fly, on which we
have previously corresponded. Sometime or
another we all core that scheme out to the
best of our skill; if my skill lacks, I trust your
keen eye and nimble fingers will prove ade-
quate.

ANGLING es
Z=oKN

ects to hear fort you, mY
with the best regards, and ho
health and prosperity,

QUERIES

Jk

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a a .

$3

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- pd p 4

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Robert Page Lincoln Y |

About That Lobb-Spoon.

F To The Angling Editor:—In the October
Number of Rod and Gun one of your cor-
respondents asks about the old Lobb-Spoon.
It can be obtained from H. H. Michaelson,
914 Broadway, Brooklyn, New York. It is
listed in the catalogue as D. 183, on Page 129,
and costs 20 cents each. I enjoy Rod and
Gun and am especially pleased and delighted
in perusing the fishing articles.

Yours very truly,

Charles O’Grady, M.D.
Charleston, West Vir.

Re Telerana Nova Casts.

Editor's Comment:—I have recently re-
ceived a letter from Walter Greaves of Ottawa,
Canada, whose letter about the weakness of
the Telerana Nova casts I somewhat criti-
cised. In a reply Mr. Greaves states:

“With regard to my article in the last issue
of Rod and Gun on Telerana Nova casts,
I notice that you ask how I can be able to
judge of the merits or de-merits of the Teler-
ana casts unless I have carefully tried them
under all conditions, and in strong-flowing
water. I considered it unwise to try them
when fishing. Both the guide and I tested
them wef, just before putting up my rod.
We simply pulled on them and they broke
quite easily; much more easily, in fact, than
a light trout cast would have done. I, there-

fore, saw that the ones I had would be quite ©
useless for salmon fishing. I may add that —
I would be much pleased to make use of
these casts if they were as satisfactory as
you have found them to be.”

In justice to Mr. Greaves I will say that
I now understand his position and appreciate
the difficulty he has had. At the same time
I am wondering just what size of Telerana
Nova he was using. Not every size of Teler-
ana Nova can be used for salmon. It should —
not be expected of it. Therefore the use of
a light trout leader of Telerana Nova on
salmon would register bad results, and I do
not doubt if you put sufficient pressure on it
that it would snap. But that is asking and
demanding too much of a thing, I think. A
Telerana leader should either be selected, i
according to size, either for trout or salmon,
large or small, as the case may be. Note ~
now, the Number 1 Telerana has a breaking
strain of 30 pounds; the Number 2, up to™~
15 pounds; the Number 3, up to 10 pounds; ~
the Number 4, up to 7 pounds; the Number 5, ©
up to 4 pounds, and the Number 6, up to
approximately 3 pounds. Now to select —
between Number 1 to 3 for salmon would —
be selecting well, but selecting below that
for salmon would be inviting failure. I am,

o4 i. ee ee

ee ae

-

A. Fey

Before adding anything further I will set
down a letter I have received from a man

aders. I used my first one in 1915 and
ote a brief letter which was published in
Forest and Stream, giving my experience with
t. I used one leader all season and then lost
by reason of the line breaking. At that
me it appeared to be as good as when I
irst began using it, but sincé then I have
ered that it was a Number 4 size I was
s instead of a Number 5 as I gave the
ize in my letter. I obtained it from William
obertson, Glasgow, Scotland and why it
was wrongly labelled I can only conjecture.
‘Perhaps he had not entire faith in the Number
6 for trial. I have had a similar experience,
_ this season, using a Number 4, all of the sea-
gon, and aside from the color being washed
out it is apparently as good as new, showing
no signs of wear nor weakening. I have
used it in very rough water constantly and
have landed some rather heavy, and active
trout with it. I have some of the salmon
sizes, Numbers 2 and 3 and I must say I have
- never seen any signs of rottenness, when wet,
as Mr. Greaves as stated was his luck. But
_ my experience with the Number 5 size has
not been so favourable. With the first one
_ I tried, I hooked a ten inch native trout at the
first cast of the fly. These trout are very
active and pugnacious, and for their size, put
up a strenuous fight. The second lunge
he made the leader parted, and when I tried
it, with my hands, it broke like a rotten
thread. Indeed, it did not seem to have the
strength of a Number 24 cotton thread.
a This leader, I may add, had been well soaked
before tise: The second was no better
and since then I have used none but the
_ Number 4. I regard it as being far superior
to gut in every respect. As to its invisibility
it seems to take trout in the clearest water,
_ Just as well, I believe, as drawn gut. I would
Bee gratified if you would tell us what sizes
_ you have been using. Also what do you
_ know about the Number 5 size. What
was wrong, if anything, in the test I made
_ of it? I have been influenced to write this
ter reading what your Ottawa correspond-
ent has to say about the salmon sizes in your
_ November issue, which is contrary to my
__ experience and belief.”

Edit. Note.—We are gratified to receive
this letter from Mr. Owens and we are here-
with giving it space. It perfectly co-incides
vith my findings and experience. While I
‘used the Number 5 size, I have not

4
“we

connistentie done so on the water;
where I have used it and caught fish upo
I have not had any trouble.
mendation does not go out to the Number 5
or the Number 6. That is, unless the trent
you are after are small.
to be encountered I most emphatically say:

steer shy of the smaller sizes of Telerana. i
This does not say that they are not good for

the purpose in view—but if a large trout
should come along the chances are that he
will smash that light leader.

On the other hand, exactly in line with
Mr. Owen’s findings my preference for trout
runs to the Number 4 size. That size I have
tried out and have found unexcelled. A

Number 4 that I have used all summer I still ~

retain, and it is just as good as ever. I a.
sure, however, that if one will use the Number

5 Telerana in a short length, as, say, three |

feet, he will have no trouble with the leader
breaking. The longer a leader the greater
the chance of its breaking, or snapping. Thus
the strain applied to the nine foot leader would
three times sooner break it than the same
strain applied to the three foot length. If
I were to consistently use the Number 5
Telerana I surely would not go over three
feet for a length.

I cannot imagine how the salmon size in
the hands of Mr. Greaves could break as
easily as he states, and the only thing that
seems possible is, that if it was Telerana,
then it was a light leader, as say, for instance,
the Number 5. Orifit was not true Telerana,
but was yet in the salmon size, then this in-
feriority may have been easily possible—
but never the true salmon size Telerana.
From sizes Number 1 to 4 they have my
recommendation. Mr. Owens, the gentleman
from Oregon, has stated that for invisibility,
even in the clearest of waters there can be
no match to the Telerana. This is exactly
my idea; invisibility, also durability, gives
this leader material the leadership.

18 the ated By

No. 1.—I have been a reader of “‘Rod and
Gun” for a considerable period of time, buying
the magazine on the newstand in Toronto.
I am now a regular subscriber to the paper.

In, I think, the September number, in
writing on the question of live bait you refer
to the shiner and state that if a person wants
to get larger minnows, four, five or six inches

long, if they will put a lantern on the shore —

at night at a likely place for minnows and
then go out with a net and sweep in, they will
procure all of this class required. I was

But my = ‘

If large trout are

t

r
e
>

1004

articularly glad to get this information as |
4 a Pelee in live bait for bass fishing; there
is always more or less difficulty in getting
minnows in sufficient quantities and large
enough in size. I have a cottage in Mc-
Gregor Bay, which, as you are doubtless aware,
is south of Sudbury and north of Manitoulin
Island, where the bass fishing is Al. I have
the usual difliculty in getting minnows of a
large size. My method of getting minnows
has generally been in some little bay, that is,
a little bay extending back say a hundred
yards and about fifty yards across in the form
of a U as it were, and then getting them with
a dip net. There are usually rushes for ten
or fifteen yards at the lower end of these bays
and which I should imagine it would be rather
difficult to drag a net through. At some
point in these rushes where they are thin we
were able to dip for minnows and got some
small ones, say, two inches long. At other
laces along the shore where there are some
ew rushes, I could find minnows of the same
size up to about two and a half inches long.
Supposing I put a light on the shore, not
opposite these rushes, but alongside of them,
or alongside of a dead tree, would that be a
likely place for minnows? I would be very
much obliged if you could give me this 1n-
formation.

There is a second point which I would like
very much to get information on and that is
in respect of the care of minnows. I keep
minnows in a wire box surrounded by wood
so that it will float; about 18 inches deep, 18
inches wide and a couple of feet long. I put
it in the shade but I can not keep minnows in
Georgian Bay waters for more than forty-
eight hours at the outside. Supposing I
made a haul of minnows and put thirty or
forty into a box such as I| have described, half
of them would be dead the next morning.
They gradually turn a lighter colour and grow
weak and die. This has been the experience
of my neighbor also. I thought at first it
might be the sun and I took a crate in which
furniture had been shipped, covered the top
and sides down to the water’s edge with bur-
lap and then floated the minnow pond into
that, but with no better result. I can not
put it in a creek but put it out in the fresh
waters of McGregor Bay where there are no

}farms or anything to pollute the waters and

‘yet they will not live. Supposing I took a
wire box say eighteen inches square, put
minnows in it and-sunk it out in say six feet
of water do you think they would live under
those conditions?

I know a man down in Vermont who sup-
plies bait and I am thinking of writing him
and also another man who supplies bait on
the Detroit River, but before desing so thought
I would first communicate with you.

Yours very truly,

Canadian.
Toronto.

Ans.—The method of attracting minnows
to shore with a light is one that holds good
practically at any point on the lake, and does
not naturally imply that one place is better
than another. For that matter you might

or

fully. The places you have mentioned are all

rather, though I do not know how success-

right for the minnows, (suchas beside that tree),
if it is possible to work around the minnows
with the net after they are in. Understand
that the minnows are attracted by the light, __
and wherever the light is put there the min-
nows go, naturally to see what it is. Asa
matter of fact while some places are better |
than others minnows are everywhere. If you —
know where there happens to be a beach and
shallow water close to shore place your lights
there; they will come in just as_ easily.
Wherever you see the best place, the most
advantageous, it is worthy a try-out. No
doubt you wrote your letter before having
read the December Number in which ap+ J
peared my answers to your other two letters. —
The trouble with your minnow box is that —
it is too small. Give them elbow room and a
lot of it. Don’t case it with wood; make the
frame as described in the December number
and cover it over with wire screen such as is
used for screens for windows. The bottom —
however might be wood. The box need not
float. There is no need of its floating. Put
it down half under your dock and half out in —
the sunlight. Half sunlight; half shade, that __
is a good idea. The box should at least be —
four feet long, or five or six feet would not hurt
in the least. Make it at least three feet wide,
and four feet would be better yet. It does
not matter if you sink the minnow box in six
feet of water, or whether the top of the box is —~
over water. The box that is so set that the
cover might easily be raised is the best for
convenience sake. If you sink your box you ~
must have astaunch cover, without apertures
or the minnows will get out. The box you ~
have mentioned is far too small, and your
putting thirty or forty minnows in that box,
half of them turning up dead in the morning)
is a sign of its being too close forthem. This —
would be especially true also if the minnows
were of any size, which may have been the
case. There is no reason why minnows ~—
should not be as easily kept in the waters of —
the lake you mention as in any other lake,
and if the methods I have stated are followed
no trouble should be had. }
RiP

No. 2—I have an old 14 foot Sea Trout Rod, i

Apa
‘Ue

feet length. Also the size of ferrules required
welted, shouldered ferrules to be used, fo
three piece rod. This rod is to be used fa
dry fly fishing, for grilse averaging f
pounds weight. This will call for a ro

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1006

fairly heavy caliber. Thanking you in ad-
vance for this information:
Yours truly,
James Whyte,
Berwick, N.S.

While I cannot Bye you the diameters on
the whole rod smi 1, as you desire, I can give
you some helpfuf hints that will guide you
right.

orhe ten foot rod can be 13-32 inches at
butt; tip, 214-32 inches.

The eleven foot rod—14-32 inches at butt;
tip, 3-32 inches.

The twelve foot rod—15-32 inches at butt;
tip, 334-32 inches.

The ferrules for the ten and eleven foot rods
may be sizes 19-64 inches and 12-64 inches.
For a larger size than the eleven foot rod a
larger size is suggested, namely: the 22-64
inches and 14-64 inches.

The above estimations are about correct
and if you follow them you should have no
trouble with the rod you desire. If I were
you I would drop the rod down to eleven foot;
that is heavy enough, even though grilse are
tough and enduring fighters. However if you

ink the twelve foot length is the best, and
if you think it unwise to trim it down to
eleven feet by all means try the twelve foot
length, though, personally, for the weight of
fish you mention and somewhat larger I would
not be afraid to use the eleven ioc length.

_No.3—I have read with a great deal of
interest the fishing notes in Rod and Gun for
a long time and I see by your December
number on page 754, under number 83, some
questions asked by Canadian in which I have
long been interested.

_ I fish a great deal in Georgian Bay waters,
in White-Fish Bay which is just across the
Lacloshe peninsula from McGregor Bay and
I should imagine it would be exactly similar
in respect of both climate and water.

I have a much larger minnow pond than
Canadian and it is made of zinc sheet with
holes cut through it, and which I think was
obtained from the United States for that
purpose. It is much smaller than that sug-
gested in your letter.

I note you state in your reply to Canadian
to put in bunches of Northern moss now and
then, and when you put in new moss to take
out the old, they feed on this moss, etc. What
do you mean by Northern moss? The only
moss in that district is the moss that» grows
on the rocks, trees or the green moss that
ows in the woods. There is a moss of a
light green color and softer which I have seen
in occasional damp spots in the Temagami
district and which is the best thing I know of
for keeping the ordinary worms which are
used for bait. Which moss do you refer to?

‘What is the next best thing for keeping
minnows in the event of not being able to get
the moss required? Are crackers, bread
crumbs, oatmeal or graham wafers good for
feeding purposes?

In the box which you have described in the
December number, do you put a lid on the box
and sink it below the surface of the water, or

i ey \K Ne Re st
do you let it stand in water with th
nearly level with the top of the water.

I would be glad if you could answer the —
above. . mr.
A Yours truly,
Fisher.
Richmond Hill,
Ontario.

Ans.—In reply will say that the northern
moss referred to does not grow in the woods.
It is a growth usually found in ponds and
lakes; it is: long and stringy and thick; you a
often find the northern moss so thick that On
you cannot get into it with your lure when ¥
bait casting. It is not a grass growth of 4
blades; it has a central stem, the whole covered A’ “q
with growth all around it, with branchings ag
from the stem. Any guide or woodsman

will tell you what northern moss is. It is w i
generally known to all fishermen. As a rule A
the smaller minnow, of two inches length may Ԥ
be fed on fine bread crumbs and the other
materials you have mentioned. Minnows 4
should be taken in just sufficient quantities ai
to last you a given short time. Minnows feed Ry
off parasites, globules, eggs, and other material ae
not discernible to the eye, therefore would oe
keep some time without feed if the minnow oa

box stands in the lake water. The box
mentioned may stand above or rei water.
WP Ee

Salmon Fishing. .
During my holidays, in July and August ~
last, I had only one day’s fishing as I was too
ill, at that time, to make more than one trip,
and one day was as much as I could stand.
I, however, had some nice sport and was
successful in landing six grilse and_ losing
another. I also rose a fine salmon but he
would not come again although I rested him
well and changed the fly several times. There
was an exceedingly strong north wind blowing
all day and it was very difficult to make a
satisfactory cast; sometimes it was, in fact,
as much as the guides could do to keep the.
canoe in proper position to fish some of the
ools. I found small flies, with bright silver
odies, such as Silver Dr. and Silver Grey, to
be the better killers. I tried many patterns
but the fish preferred the flies with bright
silver bodies. I have frequently noticed that,
at times, trout and bass prefer flies with
bright silver bodies, such as the Parmacheene
Belle with silver body, Silver Dr., etc., but
in most waters where I have fished, I have a
found my ‘‘Massassaga”’ to be the best killer eee
for black bass. I recently received a letter hm
from an enthusiastic and expert fly-fisher- Rate
man here, to whom I gave one of my ‘‘Massas- Bg. :
saga’ bass flies, and this is what he said:— a
“I thought it would interest you to know that
I caught 27 bass on that fly when unfor-
tunately I broke it. At least ten of the fish
went over 2 lbs. It is certainly the most
deadly bass fly I have seen and the people
at the Lake were most astonished, as the fish —
there rarely rise at all.” I have received a
great many letters, somewhat similar to the
above, from friends and others who have
tried the “‘Massassaga’’. Bhan:
I cannot imagine any more enjoyable sport
than salmon fishing and I am not surprised

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1008

at the enormous sums of money that some
eople spend annually on_ this fascinating
Sort Trout and bass fly-fishing is also
excellent sport, but it does not, of course,
compare, in any respect, with salmon fishing.
small salmon or grilse of say 4 to 6 lbs. give
far more sport, I think, than would bass of
the same weight, Dr. Henshall’s opinion
notwithstanding. I do not remember whe-
ther Dr. Henshall was a salmon fisherman,
but if he was, it seems to me, that he would
not have made that remark about bass being
the greatest fighting fish that swim. I have
caught a very great many bass with the fly
and think I ought to know what I am writing
about, and I certainly give the palm to the
Atlantic salmon and grilse.
Walter Greaves,
Ottawa, Canada.

Editor's Comment.—I am _ greatly in-
terested in your letter and am taking the
liberty of publishing it entire. What you say
in regard to the salmon is certainly correct
in every detail, and I am heartily in accord-
ance with the views that you have put forth.
There is no doubt in the world but that
salmon fishing, and especially for grilse pre-
sents the cream of all angling, although the
bass and the trout do afford some fishin
that cannot at times be equalled. It al
depends of course upon the trout, the waters
fished, whether sluggish or rapid, and any
number of other things as to whether the
fishing is good or poor. I am also very glad to
note what you have said about black bass
fly fishing, and am also greatly interested in
your bass flies, which I take it are your own
production. If you would let me have speci-
mens of this fly I would give it a good try-
out. In speaking about black bass you did
not mention whether the bass in question
were of the small mouth or large mouth variety.
If of the large mouth variety your findings
are certainly out of the ordinary, for, as you
know, very few people indeed fish for the
large mouths with flies, the bait casting
method being the only one employed. Will
you kindly state in another letter whether it
was small mouths or large mouths. I take it
for granted that you have followed up bass
fly fishing to a great extent. I may say that
this is a subject very little touched upon and
one not understood by the majority of the
people. I have for a long time thought of
writing up fly fishing for black bass, both
large mouths and small mouths. am sure
that the readers of this magazine would be
glad to read an article of yours on the subject
as to methods and means, and the appliances
used. Try to block out an article like this and
fill it in; send it to the magazine and we will
give it space. If you have fished for large
mouths a good deal let us know how you go
about and all your views anent the subject.

Dr. Henshall’s argument in favor of the
black bass I consider not too sweeping.

The gaminess of the black bass is of an
order to merit more than passing considera-
tion, wherefore Henshall applied his famous
line to this finny brother of the lakes and
streams. But if we are to compare the small
mouth with the large mouth, I certainly give
the palm to the small mouth. The small

ut ee ae
ROD AND GUN IN

© ‘ r
ah? 54 Dg

mouth is essentially a cold water fish
fore has more vim and pugnaciousness t
up under his bronzen armor than the large
mouth black bass. The large mouth black
bass may often be a sluggish fish, if taken out
of warmed water. But large’mouths in cold
water are quite a different a cee ;

No.4—I have been an enthusiastic reader
of your fishing department in Rod and Gun
for a long time, and I look forward eagerly
to each number containing same. I may say
that your angling queries and answers have
helped me much, for there have been queries
nd answers inserted that have also been
puzzles to me, which have thus been ex-
plained. There is a subject that perhaps
you could help me out on, and that is, how
can I keep angleworms. I understand that
angleworms can be grown in a box by putting
inafew. Isthistrue? Ifso how many shall I
put in, how is the box made, and how are
they fed? I am a bait fisherman in season,
but when the opportunity permits | also am
a devotee of fly-fishing. Now about that
worm box, is it not possible also to keep the
white grub worms the same way? In using
the grub-worm on the hook how do you
fasten it on? I generally have trouble. By
piercing their stomachs they burst, as you
may know. Perhaps you have some system.
I trust that you will find this worthy of
answering.

Thanking you for your courtesy, t
Yours very truly, — fi

Wallace Duran, Na a

Winnipeg.

Ans.—Angleworms may be bred and kept
in a box as you have mentioned. Since there a
are a number of points about angleworm
culture that are not known to the average rs
person or fisherman I am taking the liberty
of stating some things very plainly in regard _ 4q
to this culture. A box is generally the best ¥,
container, or place for these worms. As to ;
size it all depends upon how big a one you oe
would desire. The worm box we had onthe ~~
place last summer was about three feet square,
and three feet deep. We had good service
out of that. In the bottom of this box, in one
corner I made a small round hole about eight
inches in diameter. This I covered with ~~
wire screen of the window variety. The box . 44y
was now sunken at the side of a barn where
the sun never really poured down in great ;
heat and where a touch of moistness was Ps
always present. This, by the way, is a de-
mand, for when hot weather comes, coolness
and a touch of dampness in the ground
around is beneficial. The box was dug down
a little over two thirds of its depth. _ ae

The next thing on the program was the
earth to put in that box. This was a rich
garden loam. About eight inches of this was
put in and then some three or four pieces of —
moistened sod was laid in and this in turn
covered with earth; then some more sod, and
more dirt over that. Worms are especially
fond of sod. Sod in the wormbox islifetothe
worms. Remember that point. . ;

Next, the worms were dug and only the
best ones, the most healthy appearing were
selected. The red, acrid-smelling manu

PRMAL RATS RGR ae TT ol sie Ain eae ee ae
. h ‘ N m Ry Ss ; 55

Pant Be at

“rey ome WANT RAC NG OR

absolute TRADE MARK REGISTERED

guarantee COATED LINEN back of
of the it.’

ee COLLARS v

Have shown the greatest improvements of any collars offered to the trade since 1879. The
slit over the re-inforced button-hole, prevents the button pressing on the neck, and allows
freedom in adjusting tic. The Flexible Tabs prevent breaking at the front fold. Worn by
sportsmen, automobile owners, merchants, mechanics, railway employees, and in fact, by every- 3
body. Sold by the best dealers in every city. MADE IN CANADA, by a
THE PARSONS & PARSONS CANADIAN CO. - - - - HAMILTON, CANADA] —

No other decoys compare with MASON’S. Made by experts who
do this one thing perfectly.

We are the largest manufacturers in the world. DUCK, SNIPE,
SWAN, GEESE, and CROW—all species in several different grades.
Illustrated catalog free on request.

MASON’S DECOY FACTORY, 590 Milford Street, Detroit, Mich.

NEWFOUNDLAND

A Country of Fish and Game. A Paradise for the Camper and Angler. Ideal Canoe Trip

The cag traversed by the Reid Newfoundland Company’s system is exceedingly rich in all kinds of fish
and game. All along the route of the Railway are streams famous for their SALMON and TROUT fishing.
Also Caribou barrens. Americans who have been fishing and hunting in Newfoundland say there is no other
country in the world in which so fishing and ee can be secured and with such ease as in Newfound-
land. [Information together with Illustrated Booklet and Folder cheerfully forwarded upon application to

4.W.N. JOHNSTONE, General Passenger Agent, Reid Newfeundiand Company, 8T. JOHN’S, NEWFOUNDLAND

Hardy’s The Great British Specialists
In ‘‘Palakona’’ Regd. Split Bamboo Fishing Rods

MIS MAJESTY
GING CEORCE V.

THE “DE LUXE” ROD, made of Steel-hard “PALAKONA” is Hardy’s latest

design in single-handed rods for wet or dry fly fishing.

T is the product of the largest, and best equipped factory, supervised the
I champion Professional Fly Casters and Anglers in Europe, ‘‘Hardy’s”. Don’t
forget that as wages in Great Britain are 75% lessthan in America we can
give greater value in high class hand work. All our rods are hand made by experts
whose lives have been spent at this work, for which 50 GOLD MEDALS have
been awarded. Length 9-ft., weight 54 ozs.; 9-ft. 6-ins., weight 534 ozs.; 10-ft.,
weight 60zs. All fitted with Hardy’s patent screw grip reel fittings. PRICE—
Rod, with one top only, $18.37; with two tops, $22.04. If in Bamboo protector
case to carry THE WHOLE ROD, $2.44 extra.

DRY FLIES—As made by us for the late F. M. Halford,
Esq., for whom we also made rods, etc., 60 cents per dos.

GUT CASTS—The Anglo-American tapered mist color
No. 1 medium, No. 2 fine, as made for Mr. Halford.

4 “ Stout to 4X Ditto, Ditto to 3X, Stout Lake to fine, Ditto to
es medium, Ex-stout to MEDIUM, Ex-stout to stout, 6 ft.
geet 8/6d. per doz. or $2.08, 9-ft. 11/- per doz. or $2.69.

H ardy B ros., Manufactory Alnwick, England

THE GREAT
ENGLISH FIELD

ewe the supremacy
we have achieved as
_ Red makers.

1010

worms should not be mixed with the ordina
earth-worms. The box may be stocked wit
a good number of worms, say fifty or seventy-
five. This process should start when the
frost is out of the ground. As soon as the
worms are active their reproductive capa-
cities are noted.

Worms will live if not fed at all, if the dirt
in the box is changed often, but by all means
these worms must be fed. I am of the belief
that reproduction of these worms in a box, or
when confined depends upon their feeding.
The feed is simple. Coffee grounds form the
basis of this feed. With this is mixed corp
meal. This “food” is given the worms two
times a day, morning and afternoon. When
feeding dig down here and there, two inches
or so under the surface and scatter the mix-
ture. Never feed too much; a little is quite
plenty, if you feed twice a day. In hot
weather when the worms are down in the
box dash a little water on the surface of the
earth! and they will come up. Crumbs of
various kinds can also be fed, but the coffee
grounds and corn meal are sufficient.

The eight inch hole in the bottom of the
box that is covered with a bit of screen is to
allow the water to flow out. Never pour more
than a dash of water on to the dirt at once.
When it is raining allow some to come down
on it but never let the box be out in a down-
pour; the worms will drown.

The dirt in the box should be changed
every two weeks at least, and oftener if the
worms become numerous; so should the sod
pieces be changed, new ones for the old. A
worm box comes into service mostly in warm,
dry weather when they are deep down in the
penn and hard to be gotten at. Then you

ave them in your box as good as ever. A
few worm boxes are often a means of a bit of
money being made on the side by anyone
located near to where people fish a great deal,
and where bait sells well. One man in
Michigan is said to have made one thousand
dollars off of a few dozen worm pots.

About grub worms. Never tried it. I
should think though that you could plant
some in a manure pile that is old and decayed
and falling apart. If you mixed moist sod
in it the same as in the worm box it should
be a good idea. I may say that for certain
fishing for croppies, sunfishes, perch and
bass, not to speak of other fish the white grub
worm is quite without equal. If you will
hook the white grub just back of the head,
very lightly in the skin the hook will stick.
Now take the very smallest and finest of the
rubber snaps that the druggists use and snap
over the grub body and the hook shank.
You will find this system hard to equal, and
the fish wil not so easily be able to take the
bait off the hook.

I trust the above will anewey ae eres.

No.5—I have been greatly interested in
the Gove flies that have been spoken of in
Rod and Gun. Does Dr. Gove make these

“Se

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA sis

au
n

-

flies to sell? If so what does he charge for

them? What is his mail address? iar
fa spi that you may see fit to reply, |

with thanks for your service,

Yours truly, /
M. C. Allcott, us
Ontario. ;

Ans.—Only recently I suggested to Dr.
Gove that he tie some of his flies for sale, for
the benefit of various fishermen who may
care to try out what I consider one of the best
flies I have had on my leader’s length. Dr.
Gove, however was not enthusiastic, but a
month ago he told me that he would tie flies
for those who might care to buy some. This
affords true fly fishermen, alive to the best
things that are to be had on the market a
singular opportunity indeed. Dr. Gove’s
charges I do not know, no do I believe he has
yet decided. He takes exquisite care with his
work, and only the best material is used,
therefore the material costing the most, but
which is absolutely necessary. Dr. Gove
devotes much time to the study of flies
and things connected with the World Pisca-
torial; this study has extended over the
greater portion of his life and his acquaint-
ance with some of the leading angling writers
and authorities, past and present, is a mark
of enduring credit indeed. With Dr. Gove
it is more and more apparent that fly tyin.
with him is an Art, in every sense of the word;
he puts his most valuable time into the
process and I have but to look up at the |
panel containing his various flies to marvel :
at the witchery of that craftsmanship. On 2
another side of my desk is a series of the ,
Gove flies I fished with last summer, with |
fine success, each one having a record no one
other standard regulation fly has yet attained.

I am not faltering in eins. this fly my best
recommendation, as do with all sincere

angling tackle. I suggest that you try some

of these flies out for yourself and note their

killing possibilities. Dr. Gove tied flies to

suit your taste, however, reserving the right

to install his beautiful new transparent wing

form which I understand he has jealously —

kept, not desiring to let out to the public.
However, as I have stated to him, no pee
is necessary. All other forms like this fly
are imitations. |

But the most singular thing about the
Gove flies is this: the man himself ties them!
Here we have a most devoted disciple of
Walton tying the flies himself, giving each
individual effort his unsparing consideration,
never releasing it till it is the best he can do.
Were we sarcastic we could point to certain
modern flies tied by the thousands by
sweatshop slaves in the big cities. Gove’s
flies are not low-lived sweatshop perform-
ances. They are Art.

The Doctor’s address is: Lambertville,
Deer Island, New Brunswick. Address
Dr. Harry Gove. 7:
RP es

The New
Outboard
Motor

Chestnut Canoe

This new 1917 model offers an

in 30 seconds.

Booklet sent free sizes.

to you by return mail.

Chestnut Canoe Co., Ltd.,

Gives you a feeling of real comfors
and the assurance of perfect protection
while exercising.

Opening beneath Patent flap

Small amount of material between thighs

Perfect pouch
Welt-bound webbing —

A REIS OS
Can be cleaned by boiling without injury to rub-
ber. Fits perfectly. Can’t rub or chafe. Fin
quality elastic webbing. Ask your dealer, and
he will not supply you with MIZPAH JOCK NO, 44, \
send us 7éc in stamps and waist measurement and
we will send by mail.

THE WALTER F. WARE CO. DBD C.,

Soy Bean Meal

46% Protein

Three years ago, on the advice of a few Dog
breeders in Canada, we bought a ton of this
Meal, which was sold before it arrived. Then
we bought five tons, which was all sold in a
month. We now buy it by the car and have
just received another supply.

It fills a long felt want, and we ship it to Halifax and
Edmonton. Can furnish dozens of unsolicited testi-
monials from leading fanciers, and it only requires one

trial to make steady customers. Send for free folder
and full particulars.

Price 4 cents per ib., or $3.65 in 100 Ib. lots.
Special Prices on larger quantities.

H. WHITE & CO., LIMITED, SHELBURNE, ONT.
EA TTA TT EE A SIM ITT

'

Pie HUST eA ROA 1 2A in ha NAA
\ Pattee Sy wa iy

GUN IN CANADA _

prospectors, surveyors, hunters, fishermen and pleasure seekers.

It is built so that any standard detachable motor may be fitted ready to run
Conforms to the usual high Chestnut quality—fine cedar hull,
double gunwales of selected spruce, keel of finest hardwood, cane seat at bow, strong
bar across centre, wide, movable seat at stern.
canvas covering—heat, cold, and water-proof. «

Get our booklet showing Chestnut Canoes in all styles and
Simply mail a postcard saying you want it, and it goes

ideal conveyance for trappers,

Over all the celebrated Chestnut

Box 445, Fredericton, N.B.

e e
Our Expert Casting Line
Hard Braided of the Highest Grade of Silk. The
Strongest Line of its size in the World. Deed by
Mr. Decker in contest with Mr. Jamison. Nuf sed.
Every Line Warranted. 50 Yard Spools $1.00.

Trout Flies

For Trial—Send Us
for an assorted dozen. Quality A

Regular price... .24c.

- Regular price 60 Pap
Regular price,. 4c. SCUAIIEY

65¢ ar price... .96c. Bass F lies

75e_ {eran sorted dre; Gauze Wing

2.00 {or,2n assorted dozen: English

eee rem ewe e esse esse eesseseeseeeseses

Pee meee cece ens s ese neeeseresees

BAIT RODS, with Agate Guide and Tip ....
CASTING RODS, with Agate Guide and Tip
CASTING RODS, full Agate Mountings ....................

The H. H. KIFFE CO. 525 Bresdway,

Illustrated Catalogue free on application

4214
435%

and Gun, W

-EDITED BY A.B.GEIKIE

A Readers are invited to contribute to this —
department notes, comments and en-
quiries concerning firearms and ammun-
Hon. Communications must be brief [

he
ed by correspondents, Address
communications to A. B. Geikie, c/o Rod
. Woodstock, Ontario.

Uf

ts

The Publishers of Rod and Gun Magazine Invite readers of the magazine to contri-
bute articles and letters to Mr. Geikie’s department on matters pertaining to guns and
emmunition, but do not necessarily endorse the opinions expressed therein by these

contributors.

a

RAMBLINGS OF A RIFLEMAN

LiEuT. TOWNSEND WHELEN

Foreword.

T is my intention to publish these

l ramblings from time to time in the

\ hopes that they may be of help to my
brother riflemen across the line. At first
they will be devoted to certain principles
concerning the use, care, and choice of our
favorite arm; principles which should be well
known, but on which there is so much “punk
dope” floating around that many are steering
on the wrong course, if not entirely at sea.
Afterwards I shall make use of them to keep
the readers of Rod and Gun up to date on
matters connected with the rifle, its use in the
wilderness, and wilderness hunting generally.

The Care of the Rifle.

This is the first thing that we teach a re-
cruit after we put a rifle in his hands. It
comes before the manual of arms, before he is
taught to hold his rifle, to lead it, to aim it,
and to fire it. The first thing that a sports-
man does when he gets a rifle is to shoot it.

If immediately thereafter he does not know

how to care for it the chances are that it
starts to deteriorate then and there. There-
fore I have chosen as the first ramble a few
remarks on how to clean and care for our
weapon.

At first let me fire a few hot shots. Practi-
cally all inquiries that I get on this subject

are not from men looking for a perfect or easy »
way of cleaning, but rather from those who
have practically ruined their barrels through
lack of care or lack of intelligent care. Our-
side of our State, Army, and Navy rifle teams
I do not believe that I have met a dozen men
who clean their rifles correctly. All use
methods which are sure to result in a steady
deterioration of their barrels. Once I went
for a two months’ hunt in the northern part
of British Columbia with a sportsman who
did not think it necessary to even take along
a cleaning rod, oil, or cloth patches to clean
his arm with! There is nothing hard, ex-
pensive, or complicated about taking care of
a rifle.. It is merely a common sense pro-
position. Render the steel chemically clean
and dry, then oil it to keep away the moisture
and your rifle is safe for all time. After a
day’s shooting in the mountains or on the
range I spend not to exceed five minutes in
cleaning my rifle and then put it away with
positive assurance that when I next take it up
it will be in perfect condition. And all this
costs me what? About three dollars for my
initial outfit, and about one dollar a year for
my cleaning material, and I fire upwards of
5,000 rounds a year.

I take it for granted that everybody is
using smokeless powder and jacketed bullets _

fate

SSB EHR HERES
- &

For Every Kind
Of Shootins—

whether it be moose, bear, rabbits, ducks,
partridge—at the Traps or on the target
range—the selection of the proper Shot
Shell or Cartridge for each purpose goes
a long way toward producing the best results.

Dominion

Shot Shells
and Metallics

are made in sizes that operate
perfectly in all popular makes

Beeeeee oe

of shot guns and rifles. The Dominion

exact proportion of powder and

shot in Dominion loading gives the Hand Trap

Shooter Ammunition that hits hard and

stops what it hits. The big ‘‘D’”’ trade oe ends iichle contig

mark on a box of cartridges is your Sact at avery hunting ae

guarantee of accurate, speedy, well It throws a clay target as well

balanced, Canadian Ammunition. as the regulation trap and
ae a boy can operate it. It is

Twice the price won’t buy better. Only light, compact and may be

carried in a suit case. It will
turn dull hours into live ones
and help to improve your
aim. Send for circular. Price

Ammunition made in Canada.

DominionCartridseCo.,
Limited

836 Transportation Building,
Montreal

Mey an Van Ee ON (i
ROD AND GUN IN CAN

1014

these days, except in the .22 caliber. Con-
trary to the usually accepted idea, cleaning a
smokeless powder rifle is much simpler and
easier than the cleaning of one using black
powder, because at one time or another a black
powder arm is sure to “lead”, and lead is a
very hard thing to remove from a barrel. It
requires mercury and hours of elbow grease
to do it thoroughly. On the other hand
chemicals which will almost instantly dissolve
the various kinds of fouling which may appear
in a smokeless powder arm are easily pro-
cured anywhere and are very cheap.

First of all, to understand our problem we
must know something of the matter which we
have to remove from a barrel after it has been
fired with smokeless powder and a jacketed
bullet. There is the black carbon fouling,
the product of the burning of the smokeless
powder. This is easily seen, in fact is the only
portion of the fouling that is easily seen. A
couple of rags and a little water and oil will
wipe it out and the rifle then looks clean, but
beware, for we have left in the bore the most
dangerous components of fouling, components
on which water, oil, or any of the so called
powder solvents have absolutely no effect.
These components are, the “‘primer acid,”
product of the combustion of the primer,
intensely acid and the agent in causing the
rust; and “metal fouling’? whcih comes from
the copper or cupro-nickel jackets and is dis-
tributed over the bore like a plating. When
the rifle is fired some of the primer acid gets
under this metal plating and water, oil, or
powder solvents are unable to reach it. Pro-
tected by the metal plating this acid fouling
eats into and pits the bore. This is where
ninety-nine per cent of our riflemen fail in
their cleaning methods. They do not dis-
solve the metal plating and wash out and
neutralize the primer acid. Fortunately for
us there is a strong alkali which will dissolve
the metal plating and at the same time
thoroughly neutralize the acid. This is strong
ammonia. If we swab our barrel out with
several patches wet with a strong solution of
certain kinds of ammonia and then dry it
with several clean, dry patches, we make the
bore chemically clean by washing out the
carbon fouling, dissolving the metal plating,
and neutralizing the primer acid. It is then
only necessary to cover the steel with an oil
having a good body to preserve it indefinitely.
This is all there is to perfect cleaning.

Now there are a few short cuts and methods
of applying the above principle which have
resulted from many years’ experience and it
would be well for all to follow those pretty

- f
. stronger ammonia and water.

for cleuniia. A steel rod is a a necauitl

ammonia will attack a brass or wood rod
and make an awful mess. There are several
steel rods on the market but none of them are
just the right size or shape for reasons given |

below. The only correct rod is made by
A. O. Neidner No. 1 Beacon Street, Malden,
Mass., to order. He will make it as either
a solid rod or with joints of any length de-
sired, and he should be directed to make it
for “birdseye linen’? patches for the reason
given below. Formerly I used to use canton
flannel for patches but I have entirely dis-
carded it in favor of birdseye or diaper linen
which can be obtained anywhere, is very much
better than flannel, very much cheaper, and
very much lighter. Take two patches, one
of the flannel and one of the linen. Drop
them in a glass of water. The flannel floats

on the surface for several minutes, but the
linen sinks instantly. This linen is the most

absorbent cloth I know of. A drop of oil or
ammonia placed on it instantly spreads
through the entire patch, and one push

through the barrel causes it to instantly pick

up every atom of moisture therein. The
patches can be cut out of the cloth with an
eight gauge wad cutter or of similar size with
scissors. Have your cleaning rod made the
right size for these patches.

Now for the cleaning solution. Go to any
large druggist and have him put you up the
following solution: —

Stronger ammonia containing 26

per cent Gasysc.. Go ee eeeeece 3 ounces.
Ammonia persulphate...................... 4 ounce.
Ammonium carbonate...................0+ 100 grains
Water. .coss ch ee 2 ounces

The persulphate and carbonate are crystals
and are to be powdered and dissolved in the
Have the
druggist furnish you this solution in a strong
six ounce bottle with rubber cork, the bottle
to be contained in a substantial mailing case
to keep it from getting broken. Remember
that this solution loses its strength very rapid-
ly if exposed to the air, and never uncork it
except for the few seconds necessary to wet a
patch. Next, get a small metal can holding

about four ounces and fill it with sperm oil and —

your cleaning outfit is complete.

Now for the operation of cleaning. If your
rifle is of such design that it can be cleaned
from the breech,remove the breech mechanism,

invert the rifle, place the muzzle on a clean i
board or chip, lay your patch over the cham- _
ber, center it with the cleaning rod, and push aM

it into the bore, scrubbing the bore up and

ae f

- ROD AND GUNzIN CANADA

wetet Oi Stt® Mesa ge ***a, Loe
SA RP ete

od

| Test the Ross .280

By Its Performance

Hundreds of hunters and guides
using the Ross .280 against the
most formidable American game
have put it through most searching
tests. All our claims for this rifle
are borne out in its performance.
The Ross .280-record for extra-
ordinary shooting under difficult
circumstances, and for reliability,
accuracy and power under all
conditions is absolute proof of its

The Ross .303 Sporting Models are only slightly less powerful than the -280.

most experienced guides and sportsmen prefer this rifle on account of its gta sna
easily obtained ammunition. ee bee

The Ross .22 Cadet Rifle is sturdy and accurate, useful for target practice and hunting
small game, and uses the inexpensive .22 short, long or long rifle ammunition. Sells for $12

AT BEST DEALERS EVERYWHERE

ROSS RIFLE COMPANY - - QUEBEC

a x ‘ . a

Ae yin rn aphed

1016

down from muzzle to chamber. If your rifle
cannot be cleaned from the breech insert a
rubber cork of correct size in the muzzle of an
empty shell and place it in the chamber thus
sealing the chamber at the throat to keep the
fouling from being pushed down into the
action, and similiarly clean from the muzzle,
taking care that you do not\rub the muzzle
of the barrel with the cleaning rod. Saturate
the first three linen patches with the am-
monia solution and scrub the bore thoroughly
with them. They will turn blue in color
showing the action of the ammonia in dis-
solving the copper in the metal plating. Then
scrub thoroughly with half a dozen clean, dry
patches until the patches come out clean.
Then wet one patch with sperm oil and
thoroughly oil the bore. This is all that is
necessary. Your rifle is clean.

Should you wish to put your rifle away for a
long time it is better to use a heavier grease
for the oiling than sperm oil. After a month
or so sperm oil evaporates and no longer
affords a protection from the moisture in the
air. Experiments here in Panama, the
dampest climate in the world, show that the
very best grease for this purpose is that now
on the market,and known as Corol.

Mercurial ointment is very good also, as
well as Winchester or Marlin gun grease.

This method is absolutely effective with
all rifles of medium power using smokeless
powder and jacketed bullets, rifles like the
.30-30, .35 Rem., and up to the .30-40 and
.303 British. It is not sufficient with rifles of

high intensity like the .280 Ross, the .30- ~

1906 Springfield, the .35 and .405 Win-
‘chesters, and the .256 Mannlicher. The
trouble with cleaning those powerful rifles
is that the metal fouling occurs not only as a
plating but is also deposited in quite large
lumps in the bore near the muzzle, and the
small amount of ammonia carried on the
patch is not sufficient to dissolve these lumps.
After you have cleaned your rifle and wiped
it dry, and before you have oiled it, hold the
breech up to the light and look through the
bore from the muzzle. Look carefully, and
if you discover little flakes and lumps adher-
ing to the bore for about six inches down from
the muzzle, and looking like little flakes and
lumps of silver, this is the lumpy metallic
fouling. To remove it, place a rubber cork
in the chamber, thus sealing the breech of the
rifle securely. Set the rifle, muzzle up, in a
cack. Place the steel cleaning rod in the
muzzle, letting it down carefully until it rests
on the cork in the chamber. Now fill the
barrel right up to the muzzle with the am-

Sy
4 i

ee oe
ROD AND GUN IN c

_ This is a little metal box about the size of

monia solution and let it soak in
for half an hour. Care must be ta pa
the barrel is filled absolutely level with the a
muzzle as ammonia has a tendency to rust “rie
steel if it is allowed to evaporate on/it. As
long as the steel is completely immersed in
the ammonia you are absolutely safe for half —
an hour at least. After the half hour is up
pull out the cleaning rod, pour out the am-

monia, and dry the bore with clean, dry
patches and oil as before. The ammonia
will thus be in sufficient quantity in the bore

to completely dissolve the lumps. \The ob-
ject of placing the cleaning rod in the bore ey
is to save the ammonia, the rod taking up
most of the bore which would otherwise be
filled with the ammonia. ae

In connection with cleaning there is a little
stunt which will do much to save the bore

\

_ of your rifle, will increase the accuracy, and %

will make it unnecessary, with rifles of high
intensity, to fill the bore with the ammonia. —
This is to lubricate the bullets with a grease

known as “‘Mobilubricant.” Mobilubricant

is a heavy automobile grease, yellow in color,

with a very high fire test. Itcan be procured
from Abercrombie and Fitch Company, 55
West 36th Street, New York City, at 25cents
for a pound can, enough tolastfora numberof __
years. To use it, lubricate all of the bullet
which projects from the shell with a thin, ‘
fairly even coating and fire the cartridge thus
lubricated. Lubricate your bullets thus be- ~
fore placing them in the magazine. Take
ordinary care not to get the grease on the
shell, but only on the bullet, and to get a
fairly even thin coating, and not big “gobs.”
Used in this way it furnishes a protection to __
the surface of the steel in the bore, greatly i
prolonging the life of the rifle, slightly in-
creasing the accuracy, and prevents the de- i
posit of metallic fouling in lumps in all rifles
of high intensity (except the 280 Ross) thus
making it unnecessary to use the ammonia fk
bath in these rifles. Its'use is almost uni-
versal among military riflemen in the United
States. I regard it as so valuable that I
never fire a rifle using jacketed bullets with-
out it. To apply it to .30 caliber bullets a
very handy little device known as the Spitzer
Greaser has lately been placed on the market. |

28 gauge shot gun shell. It is filled with
grease and a metal washer having a 0

grease. To use it insert the bullet in the hole
in the washer, push the washer down against -
the grease with the mouth of the shell, whic bh
will not enter the hole, give ita twist and pull

Infallible and “E. C.”
can be obtained in all
of the following makes
of shotgun shells.

PETERS
REMINGTON
SELBY
U. S.
WESTERN
WINCHESTER

"In Your Favorite
Make of Shells

, ‘HE fact that you prefer some partic-

ular make of shell when shooting at
the traps or in the field need not
prevent you from enjoying the satisfaction
given sportsmen by Hercules Smokeless
Shotgun Powders, Infallible and ‘‘E.C.”’’

These splendid powders, which are of high

‘and remarkably uniform quality, may be

obtained in any standard make of shell.
Undoubtedly the shell you use is named
in the list given at the left. The next
time you order ask for a Hercules Powder
in that particular make of shell. You will
see the name of the powder stenciled on
the box and on the top wad in each shell.

Hercules Smokeless Shotgun Powders
give light recoil, high velocity, even pat-
terns. You can’t do better than shoot
either Infallible or ‘‘E. C.’’ Write for a
free booklet that describes them fully.

HERCULES POWDER: CO.
1087 Market Street

Wilmington Delaware

1018

out. The bullet receives an even, thin coating,
and not a particle gets on the shell. Grease
on the shell is liable to increase the backward
thrust on the bolt head, thus placing more
strain on the action. You can get the
Spitzer Greaser from P. J. O’Hare, 33 Bruce
Street, Newark, N. J., for 25 cents. He also
handles Mobilubricant, and other supplies
for military riflemen. The greaser will hold
sufficient Mobilubricant for greasing at least
200 cartridges, plenty for a long hunting trip.
Carry it in your pocket and grease your
bullets as you insert the cartridges into the
magazine. Incidentally, Mobilubricant is a
pretty good rust preventative.

For the outside of your rifle it is only
necessary to wipe it dry and oil it after a day
afield. Wipe it with a piece of the birdseye
linen, and for oiling it use a piece of chamois
leather, or buckskin which has previously
been soaked in sperm oil. Once soaked it
will serve for a year or so and is a great saver
of oil on a hunting trip. After a hunting trip
of a month or so rub the stock down well with
raw linseed oil, using the bare hand and rub-
bing the oil in for a half hour or so until the
stock is hot and all the oil has been rubbed
in. Do not let the linseed oil dry on the
stock. Keep the action clean and lubricated.
preferably, with graphite. The trouble with
a thin oil in the action is that it is liable to
squirt backwards right into the eye when a
shot is fired.

Having read the above and never tried
this method you are liable to think it is extre-
mely complicated. Quite the contrary, I
assure you that once you have gotten your
eutfit it is the simplest cleaning there is.
There is none of that hard scrubbing. It is
not necessary to clean the rifle the next day
to preserve it. Simply swab with ammonia,
dry with clean patches, and oil—time five
minutes. And there is nothing to it that
cannot be applied many hundreds of miles
from civilization. On my hunts I carry my
cleaning outfit in a little leather case about 9
inches long, by 3 inches, by 3 inches. It con-
tains the jointed steel cleaning rod, the
ammonia solution in one of those Traveller’s
bottles in which Waterman’s Fountain Pen
Ink is sold any at stationer’s. (This bottle
has a red wood case which perfectly protects
the rubber stoppered glass bottle), a little
can of sperm oil, a little waterproof silk bag
of linen patches, a couple of linen wiping
“cloths, and a piece of oily buckskin. The
whole kit weighs about a pound and a half.
In my trousers pocket goes the Spitzer
Greaser. Five greased cartridges are in the

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

magazine of the rifle, and ten more ir my
pockets. or ee
Remarks. )
Always clean the rifle the evening of the |
day on which it was fired. Never leave it
over-night without cleaning. If you have not | .
fired it during the day run through a dry
patch and then oil it afresh.
Never clean the rifle when it is warm from
firing as this woula cause the ammonia to
instantly evaporate and the bore rust.

Never use ammonia in the bore when the
bore contains oil as the ammonia and the oil
coming together form soap, and the am-
monia does not perform its proper function.

The ammonia will keep its strength for
several months if precaution is taken to keep
the bottle tightly corked except for the few
seconds necessary to wet the patches. After
that it is better to have a fresh supply mixed,
and to get a new rubber cork for the bottle.
Ammonia quickly eats up an ordinary cork,
and it will also burn the wood of the stock
if allowed to get on it.

I have never succeeded in finding a way to
clean rifles using small cartridges like the
.25-20 loaded with sharpshooter powder. The
primer fouling is intensely acid, but in or- ~—
dinary cartridges it is very much diluted by 2
the powder fouling. In these small cart-
ridges using sharpshooter powder it seems as
though the primer acid was not diluted at all, 2
and that it instantly attacked the steel. Do =
not use Sharpshooter powder in small cart- ‘
ridges. : ¢

The above methods answer perfectly with
the .22 caliber rim fire rifles also, when am-
munition loaded with black, Lesmok, or |
Semi-smokeless powder is used. I am not
sure that any kind of cleaning will keep a .22:
caliber rifle using smokeless powder cart-
ridges in first class condition for long.

A high power rifle of medium intensity, like
the .30-30, will stand a lot of abuse and shoot.
fairly well. Even if badly rusted it will still.
shoot into about a 6 inch group at 100 yards.
The same amount of abuse will completely
ruin a .22 caliber, or a rifle of very high in--
tensity. Ordinary cleaning with rags and.
oil, or with the patent powder solvents,.
simply polishes the barrel and rubs off the
surface rust which is continually forming. —
Each time more rust is rubbed off, and the
barrel constantly deteriorates and the ac--
curacy group constantly enlarges.

One often hears the caution given to clean. =
the rifle for several days after firing it, that. _ ‘S
the fouling sweats out the of steel during 1 igs.

ot A cal (TRY ar Bn We

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ASK FOR OUR ART CATALOG

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A. W. du Bray, Resident Agent, P.O. Box 102, San Francisco, Cal.

‘condition.

1020

period. The reason for giving this caution
is that the rifle was not cleaned in the first
place, but only rubbed with oil or nitro-
solvent to give it a polish and make it look
as though it was clean. The metal fouling
remained and the primer acid still remained.
The primer acid continually caused rusting,

A LETTER FROM
ANTIQUE

HAVE read with considerable interest
] the article on “Arms That Helped to

Shove the Frontier Off The Map,” by
Mr. Ashley Haines, following his description
piece by piece, as I have practically all the
arms he mentions in my collection.

This includes an 1866 model, Winchester
repeater, the frame and mountings of which
are elaborately engraved and gold-plated,
with curly walnut stock, and other uniform
details. It is in fine condition to-day. I
have also another old-timer I am very proud
of, and which I expected him to mention,
though he did not,—a Maynard. It is‘a real
rifle that will place your bullet just where
you want it, and, like Sharp’s Old Reliable,
is a fine specimen of the gun-maker’s art.

I am enclosing a photo of a few of the early
styles of breech-loading arms that may be
of interest. That upper-most one is a four-
shot “‘Roper” shot-gun, using four steel shells
at a time, with nipples equipped for per-
cussion caps. One may be noticed attached
to the trigger guard. Four of these shells

laced in a sort of butterfly cylinder.
The act of cocking extracts the discharged
shell, and brings the next one in line. When
the trigger is pulled, the shell is inserted in
the barrel and discharged. An interesting
feature is noticeable in the first effort at a
choke-bore, produced by screwing a ring on
the muzzle o: the barrel. When the four
shells have been fired they must be taken
out and others inserted.

Number two is a very fine specimen of
Warner's Revolving Rifle, and is in excellent
It uses percussion caps, and the
cylinder must be tripped and turned by
hand. You will notice the trip just in front
ot the trigger.

Number three is a Sharp and Hankin’s 56
calibre rim-fire rifle, made in 1869, at their

- tween the joists in the back-shop, forgotten,

metal inp iaie ao the method ¢ cl
that I have outlined herein is used there xh
none of this ‘‘sweating.’’ The rifle is des “y if ;
and if you will run a rag through it a day, a
week, or a month after once cleaning it i
this way you will get out nothing but clean otk,

A COLLECTOR OF
FIREARMS

works in Philadelphia. Its mechanism is
peculiar, but, like all the Sharp's products,
it is highly efficient.

Number four is one of the unique pieces
that are occasionally found. Itistheonlyone ~
which I have ever seen. It has a twist barrel
(octagon), mounted with very tine circassian
walnut stock, excellently constructed, but
bearing no maker’s name. ° It has a cap maga-
zine in the butt stock. The cocking of the
hammer brings up a cap. Trip the breech,
and it will fly up and get thecap. Thenload
the upturned breech chamber, press it back
to place, where it is securely locked, and you —
are ready to shoot. Should you not wish to —
bring up a cap, push back a sliding knob on
the hammer and there you are: the cap will
not be lifted Until the knob is pushed out
again. I secured this most interesting piece <
in the village of Lakefield, where, very many

te
:
; 8 ae

streets’, he left this rifle until he should bring
the money. Well—he never came back.
For about half a century, this arm hung be~-

until my enquiry caused its resurrection; it is.
now one of my most valued pieces.

Number five is an early effort at breech —
loading by Marston, N.Y. Throwing down
the lever—which is also the trigger guard—_ oP
brings back a breech block, allowing the in--
sertion of the paper encased powder and —
ball. Closing the lever forces in the load,
and breaks the paper, thus exposing the. off
powder to the fire from the percussion cap. —
The long swan-like hammer is characteristic. —
This rifle was patented in 1850. The bore —
is thirty balls to the pound. a

In my early shooting days, instead |
“calibre,” we described our rifles as so m
balls to the pound. This range was from

Oty MM ry ae. 4

ND G

'The Rifle Does the Works

i
)
7

ce
n
Lay

eh

.22 Savage Automatic Rifle, Model 1912

f

WHY should you have to disturb your hold— any .22 rifle, repeater or single shot, uses—the .22 *

* move your arm—take your eye and your Long Rifle LESM OK or SEMI-SMOKELESS only. op

: mind off your sights—between shots? om

- And it will not work with the less accurate, inferior, Vy
You have to with the ordinary repeater to work the smokeless or black powder Long; Rifles, or with

F action. Longs or Shorts or B. B. caps. .

. ‘ But the .22 Savage Automatic Rifle reloads itself. It is hammerless with solid breech, solid) top and 5

q The recoil does it. You keep on aiming—just pull shotgun safety on tang. Two 7-shot detachable :
: the trigger again for each shot—that’s all! box magazines with each rifle. 20 inch round

barrel, shotgun butt, weight only 4% lbs.

*t you y this ri vould
ee err iea ‘sity noe Boge san It only costs $12.00—less than most repeaters—
and if your dealer can’t supply you, we'll send a

Don’t you think you’d better use one after this? saat a eo cartridges, bi ress paid in the

It shoots the best and most accurate cartridge that And anyway, write us for more particulars.

SAVAGE ARMS COMPANY
SA AGE. 542 SAVAGE AVENUE, UTICA, N.Y.
Manufacturers of High Power and Smatt Calibre
Sporting Rifles, Automatic Pistols and Ammunition

SILVER
BULLETS

WILL HELP THE ‘SOLD COUNTRY’”
and you get the WORLD’S BEST
GUN when you BUY A GREENER. .

Greener Guns are made in the most
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in the World by All-British labor under
the supervision of Sportsmen-Gunmakers,
who know by experience JUST WHAT YOU WANT-—Satisfaction
is guaranteed. You get a gun with ‘“‘life’ in it, a weapon you will
‘love’ and hand down to your grandson as a “real killer’.

Don’t buy a piece of metal and wood, a “‘courtesy”’ gun built
by the mile and cut off {by the yard—get a real gun—A Greener,
and get it NOW. “Empire” $65.00. Others up to $1000.00.

CATALOGUE AND BOOKLET R.2 FREE.

W. W. Greener *°:,2:x3*7, 422 2°"! Montreal, P.Q.

1022

sixteen to a hundred balls to the pound—and
in a few instances even smaller. I have in
my collection a very fine specimen of the
early Squirrel Rifle; the barrel is stamped
“Remington” and the hock “Moore.” It
takes 120 balls to the pound, weighs 1034
pounds, has 3? in. octagon barrel fancy batch
box in stock and is fitted with seft triggers
and fine sights. It is an ideal weight for off-
hand shooting and can give a good account
of itself to-day.

In closing let me congratulate you on the
excellence of your magazine and particularly

CO-ORDINATING THE SPORTSMAN’S
MACHINERY

RoBert H. MacNatir, M.D.

ROM a great many years’ experience,
F with the gun and bird dog, the rifle

and hound, and the saddle horse, not
to mention the other intimate and trusty
companion, the revolver, I have long since
been quite persuaded, that the sportsman
who makes good ail along the line, or it might
sound better to say, makes a fair average
as an all around sport, must necessarily be
developed in this all-important mento-physi-
cal co-ordination. The eye must be trained
to see quickly, and correctly photograph the
impression upon the brain; at the centre

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA ,

the Arms & Ammunition department. I
am such a lover of firéarms that it is gen-
erally the first thing I look for and that your
magazine may long brighten our homes is the
sincere wish of
Yours very truly,

St. Marys, Ont. S. L. Doolittle.

P.S.—As I am always on the lookout for any
curious pieces to add to my collection, I
should be glad to hear from any reader who
happens to have any odd old types.

S. L. D.

which presides over the special sense of sight. —
Having received correctly the photograph
upon the brain then man’s reflexes, or the —
co-ordinating forces must be so trained or ©
developed that the impression received can 4
be quickly and accurately put into an effectual '
mode of motion. mt
If the photograph is of some interesting ©
target, a flushing grouse or a bounding deer, ~
it is absolutely essential that this co-ordinat-—
ing machine must act with almost lightenin
rapidity; and with precision. There is. ju

Save your money

Stop all laundry troubles. ‘*Chal-
lenge” Collars can be cleaned with
arub from a wet cloth—smart and
dressy always. The correct dull
finish and texture of the best linen.

If your dealer hasn’t ‘‘Challenge’”’ Brand
write us enclosing money, 25c for collars,
50c per pair for cuffs We will supply
you. Send for new style book.

: THE ARLINGTON CO. OF CANADA
Limited

54-64 Fraser Ave., Toronto, Can.

Well, who doesn’t? When you come to
Toronto stop at a house whose diningroom
service is famous from coast to coast for
good eating, quick, courteous service and
reasonable prices. Our diningroom is our
hobby as well as an important part of our
business. We have a pride init and our
constant effort is to keep on increasing its
fame. And every other department is
right in line—large, bright bedrooms,
beautiful tiled bathrooms, luxurious furn-
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fastidious travelercan require for comfort,
convenience and economy.

One minute’s walk from the Union Station
brings you to

The Walker House

Toronto’s Famous Hotel
Geo. Wright & Co., Proprietors

oo cdaltn A Samant eam teh ert rn NN

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NEWTON ARMS CO., Inc., 506 Mutual Life Building, BUFFALO, N.Y.

epeue) ul ope

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ROD AND GUN INZCANADA ee

ROD AND GU

1024

that accuracy and rapidity—viz., to practice
patiently, intelligently and persistently, to
be done most pleasantly and successfully in
dame nature’s domain. It was my pleasant
privilege to be associated with two men, far
away in the southern section of the United

States, who were what might be termed
sportsmen “to the manner born.” Their
skill, with an enormous degree of quick

accuracy Was acquired simply by those means
that are always at hand in nature. While
conversing with one of these sports, as we
chanced to meet one morning on horse back,
we heard the rapid reports of a gun at quail
shooting, just over a hedge. Suddenly a
quail alighted upon the limb of a locust tree,
not more than thirty paces from our position.
The sport deliberately drew his Smith &

Wesson .38 calibre revolver, ‘and from ho
back cut the quail’s head off just as smooth

as the cook could have done with thé carving i:
knife. A scratch shot?—you would observe i
zi

not when the same gun could, and did do
equally fine shooting at any old time. =

There were others of the same class. One —
other, I have witnessed at exhibition shoot-
ing, strike whichever was named of two small —
objects tossed into the air. Either of them
could also break glass balls thrown by a trap
or by hand, with the same kind of gun, the
Sm:th & Wesson revolver. Each man claim-
ed that his gun was the best ever shot, if
that was so, there was just one other very
important fact back of the guns, viz., each
shooter had developed his co-ordination al- _
most to perfection.

min

ALPINE CLUB NOTES "

' Major Harold Foster of Toronto, a mem-
ber of the Club has received the bar in addi-
tion to the Military Cross which is equivalent
to getting the Cross twice. He left Canada
as a Lieutenant and is now Major.

The Vancouver Island Section held its
annual meeting on the 18th of December
at Brentwood. The Chairman for the en-
suing year will be Mr. R. D. McCaw and
Secretary Miss J. L. McCulloch, 912 Lind: 1
Avenue, Victoria, both being re-elected.
Monthly meetings will be held at Brentwood,
being equally convenient for the Victoria and
Sidney members.

In a criticism in the last English Alpine
Journal in a review of our Journal for 1914-15
it states ‘“‘Altogether the Alpine Club of Can-
ada is in an enviable position, for each suc-
ceeding volume of its Journal, far from bring-
ing nearer the time when the Alps of Canada
shall be exhausted, seems to be constantly
opening up visitas of new worlds waiting
to be conquered.”

It is an interesting fact that in a report
made by the Secretary of the American
Alpine Club of the climbs of importance
made by its members in 1916, only one pea
was mentioned which was not in Canada,
and all the climbers named except one be-
longed to the Alpine Club of Canada.

_ The last number of the University Maga-
zine contained an interesting Review of the
Alpine Club Journal for 1914-15, by Paul
Wallace who is now a Sapper and overseas.

_The Director of the Club has issued a
circular to members directing their attention
to the fact that some ninety-five members
have been enrolled for Active Service. Of

these the circular advises that so far as known
three have joined the Supreme Honour Roll,
fifteen have been wounded, two afe prisoners
of war, three have won the D.S.O., four have
won the Military Cross, two have won the
Cross of the Legion of Honour, one the
D.C.M., there have been nine mentions in —
despatches, one lady member has been dec- —
orated and one has been given the rank of
Hon. Captain.

te r,
Ree a Tn Tae ye ee
tae bee eae “A Sret

The Director)calls upon the club members
to stand together and to this end asks them
to assist the Club by remaining members of
it so that in future years of peace they may
have the right to point with pride tothe ~
traditions created for the Club by its soldier | a
members in time of war, 4

3 . yee

To obviate confusion the names of the © ie
mountains known as the White and Black }
Douglas have been changed by the Geographic
Board. The Black Douglas is now Mt. —
Douglas. The White Douglas is now Mt. ~~
St. Bride. St. Bride (or abe was the
patron saint or the Douglas family. The
mountain takes its name from David Douglas,
the botanist who originated the wonderful
descriptions of Mts. Bryce and Hooker which __
appeared in all early books of travel and
school geographies.

At last the name of the great mountain to
the north of Robson has. been decided. Miss _
Jobe who made two valiant attempts to climb
it christened it Mt. Kitchi. Mr. Fay called —
it Mt. Alexander after Sir Alexander Mac-
kenzie, who first crossed Canada by landfrom _
sea to sea, and gave his name to the great —
Mackenzie river which he descended to the —
Arctic Ocean. The Geographic Board have
decided to call it Mt. Sir Alexander in future —
on the analogy of Sir Donald and Sir Sandford.

.ND GUN IN CANADA

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A QUESTION OF VITAL IMPORTANCE —

RoBERT PAGE LINCOLN

\ ,' THEN the United States made a Treaty
with Great Britain, for the protection
of the migratory waterfowl of this con-
tinent that day saw all possibility of the
Federal Bird Laws being smashed, forever
blotted out. It is now doubtful if the
Supreme Federal Judges will declare it con-
stitutional. If the Federal Bird Law as re-
cognized in the States was a great measure,
the greatest ever put out for the protection
and the preservation of the waterfowl, the
additional coming of Canada into the bargain
seals it once and forever as a measure the
importance of which cannot be exaggerated.
There is little doubt but that the States,
without the aid of Canada, would be handi-
capped in the proposition of thorough and
conducive protection, but now organizations
on both sides of the line can work in unison
for what seems best for the waterfowl, and
the migratory songbirds, which are of so much
value to man, both from a practical and a
sentimental viewpoint.

Take the question of the songbirds for in-
stance. Those outdoor lovers of the birds
who have tried to do all they could for the
protection of them have been referred to as
sentimentalists. But one thing stands out
fairly and squarely and clearly in the minds
of all the people. The birds we must have
with us; and it does not matter if only one-
tenth of what the government estimators set
down, are killed off the remnant should have
our heartfelt and absolute protection. They
are useful to man. They are Nature’s means
of keeping down an overflow of insects, and it
is singuarly noticeable in this respect that
each variety of songbird seems to be set to
kill off certain kinds of insects, which they
appear to specialize in, and will refuse others
which other birds seem set to kill off. The
daily amount of insects killed by various
birds is astonishing. The average person
who has not studied the birds carefully,

MATTERS PERTAINING TO
CONSERVATION. :-: :-:

*%

me
who is not always close to Nature, may feel
that too much is made of the value of the
birds. Why, not much more than three
years ago the writer in company with three
others waged a controversy in a magazine
against a man who held that this planet
could well do without the birds—that if you —
were to take every bird off the earth, things
would still be the same. The fact that this
controversy lasted for a matter of two years
goes to show that the stupidity of some people
is monumental.
Nature is always gauged by the system of
balance and proportion. In a wild state she —
is able to take care of things very well, andthe
balance and the proportion is always observed. _
There is no overflow of any one thing unless
there is some agency to combat and obli-
terate that overflow, thus keeping the balance
and proportion in a uniform state. As
civilization advances and the birds are ham- —
pered and destroyed there is bound to be an —
overflow of insects of various orders, since
there are not sufficient birds in that place —
to keep down the overflow. Theresultisthat
billions of dollars have been lost to the people
and the agriculturists of this continent and
man must use all sorts of artificial means of
keeping these insects down, whereas if the 4
birds were numerous enough they would at- —
tend to it. a
That man who says that the songbirds are —
not useful is not much of a student of Nature, _
and the great plan under which she works. ~
Every thoughtful man and woman must —
realize that the preservation of our songbirds ©
as part of the object of the Federal Migratory —
Bird Law must be staunchly upheld by all —
thoughtful and considerate people. The
Federal Law truly came into being at an op-
portune moment. The writer remembers only
too well in the past wholesale slaughter of the
songbirds in the Southern States, by the
called ‘“‘white trash” and the negroes. T

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life—comfortable and durable.

Here are some useful articles: Colic bands,
Socks, Sleeping Caps, Mufflers, Sleeping Bags,
Underwear, Flannel Shirts, Wristlets, Spencers,
Cardigan Jackets, Coat Sweaters, Knitted Waist-
coats, etc., etc.

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A FULLY ILLUSTRATED

CATALOGUE AND DR. SANITARY WOOLEN SYSTEM

JAEGER’S HEALTH CULT- CO. LIMITED, - G
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ON APPLICATION TO:— Incorporated in England in 1888 with British

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A number of hulls of the type shown in above cut,
18 to 25 ft. in length, 4 to 5ft. beam, also similar

hulls of greater length and beam; hulls for outboard
Have motors 16 to 20 ft.; knock down frames or complete

hulls knocked down and semi-finished hulls furnished
In all sizes; cruisers, work boats, semi-speed and family
launches furnished knock down or complete ready torun.

Robertson Bros.
Foot of Bay Street - Hamilton

1028 |

’ songbirds in their migrations were killed by
the hundreds of thousands, and were sold to
the big hotel and restaurant organizations of
the large cities, at the rate o: ten cents the
dozen; and these same birds were served in
hotels, cafes and high class restaurants as
quail on toast. But the Migratory Bird Law
stopped all that. I will not say that it has
stopped bird slaughter in the Southern States
for among all the slackers, the most unpro-
tective and the most backward are the South-
ern States. To say that they are three
hundred years behind the times is to say the
least. Some of the inhabitants are not aware
of the fact that the Civil War is ended. That’s
a fact and I can prove it by assertions in print,
ridiculous as it may seem. Is it any wonder
that they do as they please down there with
songbirds and with our northern bred water-
fowl that winter there.

I suppose there are many persons who
believe that I am doing an awfully unjust thing
to be writing as I write against the market
shooting in the South, .or instance.

Doctor Nelson of the Biological Survey
has stated that if the shooting season in the
South under the Federal Migratory Bird Law
were cut down the South would at once raise
a howl about it. And as he puts it “‘this
would create a greater controversy and dis-
turbance than the one now being raised by the
Middle West.’’ Now I don’t just exactly like
that statement. It is a well-known fact that
the greater portion of the game conservation-
ists, writers and officials, have, by common
consent and agreement left the market shoot-
ing in the South entirely out of the discussion.
Great and loud and long has been the clamor
against market shooting and game desecration
in other parts of the country, but never a
word has been issued against the absolutely
too long season in the South, and the market
butchering season which covers a space of two
solid winter months; and the general shooting
season which is in all three months and a half
long. Because they are afraid the Southern-
ers are going to protest against doing as they

like with the overwhelming amount of game
down there they have by common consent
dropped the question entirely. They want
the Northern sections to toe the mark on
every law on the statute books but in the
meantime the South is not going to do one
whit about its too long open season, its too
great bag limit and the market shooting,
which, as in the State of Louisiana is at the
pinnacle of its desecrative power. That such
a thing should exist in the present day is
deplorable and it is my self-imposed duty

4

as

and clearly. The ratification of the ni
Treaty with Canada means that face .
and game conservators of the two countries __
must work together. The United States will rl
expect a great deal of Canada and the Empire adh
of Canada must expect the same amount of
recognition on the part of the United States.
The country of Canada, to a man, must me a
test against the market shooting in the South,
where the northern bred fowl, to a bird, find
refuge in the winter, and where, amid this —
plenty the Southerners, do their level best to |
kill all they can of the contingent’s game. i:
Now it is a matter of comparative indif- —
ference to the present writer whether this will —
cause a controversy in the South or not. That
controversy will bloom sooner or later anyhow
and the sooner the fight is staged after the
Federal Judges declare the Federal Migratory -
Bird Law constitutional, the sooner will that
odious relic of market shooting be abolished, __
and the sooner will the game, our waterfowl,
increase. am
Spring shooting has been wiped out. The ~
next thing to be wiped out is the market
shooting in the South, and I want all the
sportsmen’s associations and leagues in i
Canada to take this up and make a protest
against it. If the law makers of the South —
are tooth and nail with the large and rich
organizations that keep market shooting in
pawer and cannot be got to wipe out this
relic of barbarism then the time has come for
a new Federal Law to go over the heads of
these State legislators and so wipe out this
grim agency of destructiveness—to force the +
South into line with true and sane principles
of conservation. We have already had ae
something of this in view and the future will
see what can be done about this. We want
that controversy to come out as soon’as
possible. Market shooting, if the Southern —
legislators are to be the Judges will never be
abolished. These men, the mighty organiza- — “a
tions,and the people to a unit will fight against
anything of the sort; but the combined voice
of the Canadian people and the sane-thinking
people of the States can force upon the Federal —
Government the power to wipe this out, andif
that must be done then let the machinens
start moving at once. ;

Whatever the value of the Federal Migr
tory Bird Law, as a factor that will increas
the waterfowl immeasurably, what good ¥
it do in the sum total? It will only increa a
the fowl in the South and make ten
better shooting for the hunters, licensed
otherwise down there.

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

1029

CANADIAN

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WANTED

I want all the RAW FURS of all kinds that J can
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Ship your RAW FURS into the State of New
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list and tags—they are free.

REFERENCE—Sherburne National Bank or any
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C. H. MYERS, NO. 3 CHAPEL ST.,

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1030

ands of new market shooters as the game
increases; and where of hunters there has been
a large number already, in the future those
clans will increase triple or more. What does
this mean? It means that what good the
Federal Law has done, the South will undo or
is undoing. I am for the Federal Bird Law
out and out but I want to see that Federal
Law backed up in its entirety. I want to see
the thing, if it is done at all, done right.

' Now I am going to cite a case regarding the
Federal Law that the northerners may not be
aware of.

The Federal Law protects the waterfowl
during their migrations.

These waterfowl fly south or come north,
taking their routes over the main rivers of
this country. These rivers are called fly-
ways. Now the biggest river on this con-
tinent that the ducks fly down and come up
north over is the Mississippi River. The
Mississippi River is the long road that leads
the ducks and waterfowl in general to a winter
home that cannot be equalled, namely:
Louisiana. The Federal Law stopped the
shooting along these fly-ways, and the Miss-
issippi was partially closed to shooting not
only in the fall migration of the waterfowl
going south, but also coming north. That
was the main complaint, by the way, of the
Middle Western sportsmen, in the States
of Kansas, Illinois and Missouri. They held
and they hold that the only place where they
can get good, and fairly decent shooting is
along the Mississippi River, since there is a
scarcity of marshes and inland waters in the
State (as principally in Missouri, they hold),
where the waterfowl stop. They claim most
_ of the flight takes its way down the river and
the river being closed they get little or no
shooting. That is their claim. I am not
defending their claim, by the way; in point
of fact I have written against them now for a
long time, the mass of evidence proving that
they do get good shooting in portions of their
States. ®

But principally we are here engaged in
viewing the Federal Law as it closes one of the
main fly-ways of this country—the Mississippi
and here is where the Northerners should be
interested. It is this: The Federal Law
says that the Mississippi River is closed from
Memphis, Tennessee, to the city of Minnea-
polis, in Minnesota. But what do we find
to be true? We find that from the city of
Memphis, Tennessee, to the Gulf of Mexico
the river is open to shooting. There is the
strangest part of the whole business and it
never has been explained why the river, as a

ROD AND GUN IN CA\

regard to this.

- demand that the river be closed from Mem-

- force for the Federal Bird Law, and it, haan

re

fly-way was not closed also from Men

They cannot explain why the river is not
also closed from Memphis, Tennessee to the
Gulf. Now if it is a mighty good thing to
close the river from Memphis to Minneapolis, pra
why is tt not a better thing to close that river also
from Memphis to the Gulf? AY;

There is only one answer to this, the officials ‘a
who lined out the Federal Law were arraid of a
this—to stamp this down on the South. They 5
knew that the South would be tooth and nail,
hand and hammer against this torcing them
into the ranks o/ the conservators; and any-
thing that will injure the South will be bad,
won’t it? But the North will be lined up and
forced to observe it, you can bet your life.
But anything that will hurt the South is
turned down openly; for no doubt as Dr.
Nelson-of the Biological Survey says, it will
cause an even greater controversy than the
Middle Western States sprung.

Now personally I have studied the situa-
tion very carefully and I have come to one
conclusion, and that conclusion is, that if the
Federal Judges declare the Federal Migratory
Bird Law constitutional, to remain with us for
all time, then the next step ill be to close the
river absolutely from the city of Memphis,
Tennessee, to the Gulf. I want the game
associations and leagues, and sportsmen in
general of Canada to make it a point that they

phis, Tennessee to the Gulf. To fail to make
a protest against this is inconceivable, and
there is not a sane-thinking outdoor lover
and sportsman in Canada who should not
voice his demand that Canadian game be pro-
tected as much as possible during its sojourn
in the South, when Northern sportsmen
cannot protect and when it is absolutely at the
mercy of the Southerners. Make it a point
to demand that if it is a good thing to close
the river from Minneapolis to Memphis, itis
also an equally good thing to close it from
Memphis to the Gulf. If it is worth doing a
thing at all it is worth doing it right, and no
half-way measures about it. I am out in

been my hope to see it set down as constitu-
tional, after which I have hoped that it would .
be made out so that the river would be closed |
from one end to the other.

Since the total of the waterfowl bred and
reared in Canada find sanctuary in the States —
in the winter, it is not too much to ask t }

Sermon
Res

For One New Subscription

A single action, raised pillar, rivetted
brass reel with click, 80 yds.; A Standard
waterproof Bass Line, 10 yds.; A Mackerel
waterproof line, 25 feet; A Kelso Pearl
Spoon Bait; A Sullivan Hook and Reel
Guard; A Williams’ Battery Switch; A
Finger Grip for fishing rods; A Fish Hook
for Frog Bait; Two Rubber Grips for fish-
ing rods; A Matchless Cigar Lighter.

For Two New Subscriptions

A Betzler & Wilson Fountain Pen; A
copy of “‘Radford’s Garages and How to
Build Them”; A Vest Pocket Flashlight;
A Stag Brand Landing Ring; A copy of
Deadfalls and Snares, a book of instruction
for trappers about these and other home
made traps; A Copy of Canadian Wilds,
tells about the Hudson’s Bay Co., Nor-
thern Indians and their modes of hunting,
trapping, etc.; A Copy of Steel Traps,
describes the various makes, and tells how
to use them, also chapters on care of pelts;
A copy of Camp and Trail Methods; A copy
of Science of Fishing; A copy of Fox Trap-
ping—Tells how to trap, snare, poison and
shoot; A copy of Mink Trapping—Gives
many methods of trapping; A copy of Wolf
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animals, their nature, habits and distribu-
tion with practical methods of their
capture; A copy of Fur Farming—A book
of information on raising Furbearing ani-
mals, telling all about enclosures, breeding
feeding, habits, care, etc.; A Grease Gun
manufactured by Miller & Starr; An Oil
Gun manufactured by Brown Co.; A Gem
Razor Safety; An American Pedome-
ter—Regulates to step and registers exact
distances; A copy of The Camper’s Own
Book (cloth); A copy of “Motor Craft
Encyclopedia”; A copy of ‘““The Culture of
Black and Silver Foxes’’—Contains chap-
ters on Heredity, Origin, Breeding, Mating
and Gestation, Pens and Dens, Food and
Feeding, Food and Caré, Value.

For Three New Subscriptions
A Landing Net manufactured by All-
cock, Laight & Westwood; A Line Drying
Reel; A Pair of Elliott’s Ear Protectors for
Trap-Shooters and Sportsmen; Three
Crow Decoys, A New Wonder Flashlight.

Address

eee “ROD*AND GUN IN CANADAYON®:

[PREMIUMS FOR NEW SUBSCRIPTIONS |

We are desirous of adding 1000 new subscriptions to our lists and in order to ac-
complish this we make the following generous offers.

manufactured by Canadian Electric No-
velty Co., Toronto. Case made of metal
covered with leatherette; One half dozen
Stag Brand Rubber Frogs or Froggies;
One of Walter’s hand-made axes, handled.
Length of handle, 14 inches; A copy of
Camp Kits and Camp Life.

For Four New Subscriptions ;
A pipe—HBB brand; An Automatic
Razor Stropper; A copy of Modern Sport-
ing Gunnery.

For Five New Subscriptions
A Tobin Boy Scout Rifle—22 calibre,
short, long or rifle cartridges. Barrel 22
in. long, weight 334 pounds.

For Six New Subscriptions
A Minnow Pail manufactured by All-
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ottle.

For Seven New Subscriptions
oe 10 ft. Fly Rod; A Younger Willow
alr.

For Eight New Subscriptions
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For Ten New Subscriptions

A Frost Improved Kelso Automatic Reel,

capacity 100 yards.

For Twelve New Subscriptions
A Stevens Favorite No. 17 Rifle; One
dozen Cleveland Battery Connectors.

For Thirteen New Subscriptions
A Bait Casting Rod.

For Fifteen New Subscriptions
A Marvel Petit Camera.

For Seventeen New Subscriptions
A Pair of “Witch Elk’’ Hunting Boots.

For Twenty-five New Subscriptions
A Handy Tent Cot, manufactured by
Cutten & Fraser, Toronto; A Korona
Petit Camera, size 344 x 5%, manufactur-
ed by the Gundlach-Manhattan Co.

If you are interested write for sub-
scription blanks, sample copies, etc.

The subscription price of ROD AND
GUN is $1.50 per annum.

Subscription Dept, ROG and Gun in Canada, Woodstock, Ont.

es

a

Re © Pte ky hOay Eat) Mee eee Ree ee ee

Canadian sportsmen to demand that it be
protected in the best way known, and if all
the sportsmen of Canada do not come out and
protest against the conditions I have set down

WHERE CAN SANCTUARIES BE ~

ROD AND GUN IN CG:

then it is useless to con :
any longer for the Canadian spo
people are the ones most concerned in this.

Sportsmen of Canada take this up!i}

\
a
i
ay

PiNS *.
oF ied
hae
Sat ©
Poh
ta

ESTABLISHED ? f

E. R. Kerr

HERE can Game Sanctuaries be estab-

lished? What should be the Govern-

ment’s policy concerning the protection
and development of game in the Provincial
and National Forests? These questions have
been asked of late.

So truly do a large number of people feel
that all the game will go that they look upon
the enforcement of effective game laws as a
needless expense to the Province.

There is hardly a township of the many
millions of acres of our forest lands but what
one-fifth to one-third is suitable only for
game range. We mean by this that of this
vast acreage at least one-fifth to one-third
cannot now, and never can be used by farm-
ers or domestic stocks. This, of course,
does not take into consideration the large
areas now inaccessible that will eventually
be used for stock grazing.

It has been gravely pointed out that the
Federal Government should go slow in this
matter, because it would never do to adopt
a policy detrimental to the stockman’s in-
terests. No one has asked our governments
to do anything detrimental to these interests
nor do we intend to ask any such thing. It
would never pay the sportsmen of Canada
to attempt such a thing. We are blessed
te-day with a Commission of Conservation.
This Commission is a most valuable asset
to Canada and its future propaganda must
include the development of wild areas for the
proper and needful increase of wild life in
order to protect a future food supply.

In Ontario we can go ahead to great ad-
vantage because we, at present, have a Min-
ister of Public Works and Highways, second
to none on the Continent, interested in the
development of this great scheme but he can
go only so far,as his activity is limited to
the Province of Ontario and his appropria-
tions also are limited, and it is for this reason
that I maintain that Federal assistance is
essential to the success of a large under-
taking.

There are in every community a thousand
and one champions for domestic stock, so
we can rest assured that the sheep and the
cow and the horse and the hog will be placed
upon every acre where any one of them will
thrive; in fact, the people are commencing
to believe that they may see both sheep and
cattle upon the same area in spite of the
many battles of the past that would tend
to show this impossible. If game is to hold
its own against domestic stock, it must have

.

—

the biggest champions to be had, the Com-
mission of Conservation and the Federal
Government.

The line to be drawn between game and

domestic stock is not so difficult to define.

The sentimental side of the question can

be eliminated, as far as the National Forests

are concerned, and we should look at the
matter entirely from a practical dollar-and-
cents basis. In other words, here is an area
not now grazed by stock. It will be a matter yj
of eight or possibly twelve years before itwill
come into use, if at all. Why not have game
here until domestic stock needs the range?
Here is an area where more than fifty per
cent. of the land is so rough and broken as

to. be unfit for domestic stock, and the re-
maining fifty per cent. is so located that the
available stock will have to -be driven long
distances to the areas; so far in fact, that

the profit will be lost in this drive. Why

not have game here? Here is a region sur- ‘
rounding an area largely used for recreation
as a summer resort, or it is the watershed of |
some stream from which a town or village
derives its water supply.

It is not advisable to graze stock on such
lands, first because the people protest against
it; and second, there is a chance of stream
pollution. Why not have game here? Here
is an area where there is a very small per
cent. not suited to domestic stock and yet
suited to game; also, a portion of the stock ve
range must act as winter range for the game ae
developed upon the smaller area. Would ee
it not be advisable to protect and cultivate
game upon the smaaller areas, and so allot
your stock upon the larger area, to provide
winter feed for the game, and there y get
a more complete use of all the land? In
most cases the amount of growth necessary
to leave to perpetuate your forage values 4
would furnish winter feed for the game.

Here, again, is a range where there is a
large amount of forage and browse growth,
and even when the areas are fully stocked
with cattle and sheep, or even sheep and
cattle, there are both forage plants and browse
brush that the domestic stock do not eat, and
game animals will eat these plants and thrive
among the domestic stock. Why not pro-
tect the game and cultivate it here?

The question is asked, “Will it pay to
protect and develop game in the Forests?” _
Our answer to this is it will pay, and pay ~
big interest on the time and money put into ©
it. There is not a State in the United Sia

=f

.% 9

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The Boot
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1034

to-day that has put money into game pro-
tection but has received big interest on the
investment. It will pay on a dollar-and-cents
basis just as big returns as any stock busi-
ness; and the value of such game protection
to citizens of the Province and country as
a whole will be beyond a money value. What
man among you has not felt, after a long
grind at any kind of work, the keen pleasure
of preparing for a trip in the open? It mat-
ters not whether you are a hunter. The
wild life is a part of the open, and its pres-
ence there will add many fold to its attractive-
ness. With what keen joy does the individ-
ual, returning to his work from such a ree
in the open, tell of the game he has bagged,
the wild life he has taken pictures of, or just
observed.
Within the last two years the State of
Wyoming has received from $20,000 to $25,-
000 from the sale of game licenses, and the

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

SP) Ane re a

~

cost of administering the game depart
has been about half that amount. The pur-
chase of residence licenses at $2.50 and the _
non-residence license at $50 each is, of course, —
a small portion of the money actually spent

in the hunting region. It has been found
that parties going out in the immediate
neighborhood for deer would average from
$30 to $36 each, while in the more attractive
big-game sections non-resident parties, am-
ounting to from one to two hundred yearly,
would spend from $400 to $600 each. The —
State of Wyoming has a law prohibiting the
leaving in the woods of the meat of elk and
deer killed. This law brings into the com-
munities of the game regions large amounts

of meat each year. In one year the meat
brought out of the woods at Cody alone, and
valued at’a nominal sum per pound, reached

a sum greater than that derived from the
sale of all game licenses for the year.

[To Be ContTINEED]

\

THE DEADLY AUTOMOBILE---SAVE THE SAGE
GROUSE FROM EXTINCTION

M. T. Hornaday writing.in Bulletin
W No. 5, a publication issued by the Per-
manent Wild Life Protection Fund
_promotors has the following to say regard-
ing the place occupied by the automobile in
the life of the American sportsman of to-day,
and its influence on the decreasing game.
“During the past five years there has
arisen a new enemy to wild life, a hydra
headed monster more deadly than would
be ten thousand dragons of St. George.
“As a new factor of destructiveness to
game birds and deer, the automobiles of
America bid fair to become almost as deadly
as the pump and automatic shot-guns. I
estimate that on all upland game birds, shore-
birds, many of the interior ducks and all
deer, they have increased the dangers to wild
life, over the influence formerly exerted by
horse drawn vehicles, at least 300 per cent.

“By this I mean that with the aid of the.

automobile, and the “‘good roads” that it has
brought, the man who hunts upland game
birds, shorebirds, fresh-water ducks and
geese, and deer, can cover in a given time
three times as much ground, and kill three
times as much game, as he could cover and
kill by the aid of even the best horses.

“The use of the automobile in hunting just
as far and as fast as it possibly can be used,
now is universal. To the sage and other
grouse and quail of the West, and to all game
of Texas it is bringing particular havoc. In
India it is used for hunting elephants, and
in Australia the auto is of great service in
the wholesale slaughter of kangaroos.

Already two states, North Dakota and
New York, have officially recognized the
deadliness of the automobile to game and
have prohibited its use in hunting. As
agencies of slaughter increase in a 300 per
cent ratio the shields thrown around the

vanishing game must be increased to the
same extent. In the states west of the
Mississippi River the one answer to the
automobile, the pump gun, and the auto-
matic gun, is the complete stoppage of all
killing of sage grouse, pinnated grouse, sharp-
tailed and Franklin grouse and quail for six
years from March 1, 1917. By the expira-
tion of that period, if any upland game birds
have shown a great increase, and a renewal
of shooting is justifiable, then the only basis
on. which a reopening of shooting would be
safe, sane or justifiable, would be:

1. A total open season of two weeks only;

2. <A bag limit of two grouse per day or
four quail;

3. No use of pump or automatic guns in
hunting; and ;

4. No use of automobiles in hunting. %

It is barely possible that these four prin- ~
ciples honestly observed would, when the
upland game has recovered sufficiently be
sufficient to insure that only the natural in-
crease of birds would each year be killed,
ewe the seed stock be placed on a continuing

asis.”’ te

Save tke Sage Grouse from Extinction. a

The same bulletin contains a very strong
plea for the saving of the sage grouse from
extinction. Dr. Hornaday therein calls upon —
the legislators of the Western States, who
will meet in January and February, to save
not only the sage grouse but other grouse ~
and quail from complete annihilation. He ©
refers to the passing of the passenger pigeon, —
the heath hen and the bison into oblivion
and asks the legislators of these States to act —
quickly and save their largest and fi
upland game birds before these too have
lowed the other extinct species. .

~f

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For Every Camper—Fisherman—Hunter

THE WAY OF THE WOODS

A Manual for Sportsmen in North-Eastern
United States and Canada. .

By EDWARD "BRECK

A PRACTICAL Field Manual intended to form a part of the kit of every Camper,

Fisherman and Hunter.

It contains concise, thorough and authoritative information on

every subject connected with life in the Woods, such as Outfitting, Fishing, Shooting,
Canoeing, Tenting, Trapping, Photography, Cooking, Hygiene, Etc,

“Excellent practical directions and advice.”’"—N. Y. Sun.

“436 Pages. Pocket Size.

W. J. TAYLOR, LTD., Publisher

80 Illustrations. Price $1.75 Post Paid.

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‘ROD AND GUN_

sees

1036

Dr. Hornaday contrasts the United States
with Canada to the latter’s advantage. When
his article was written not one state hadstopped
the shooting of sage grouse whereas in Canada
Manitoba had done so, and almost every-
where in Canada the use of automatic guns
is prohibited. In the various States of the
United States the open seasons on sage grouse
and other grouse vary from one and a half
to half a month. In Canada among the
Provinces that contain sage grouse and either
the sharp tailed or pinnated species Saskatch-
ewan has no open season} Manitoba’s season
is only two thirds of a month, from October
Ist to October 21st, and that of Alberta is
two months in length from October Ist to
December 21st.

He summarizes the influences that are now
exterminating Western grouse and quail
under the following heads:

1. The immense number of sportsmen
and game-hogs;

2. The deadliness of the automatic and
pump guns.

3. The deadly usetulness of th: auto-
mobile and good roads.

The unwariness of the grouse generally,
ae ane ease with which they are found and
illed.

: MS Wy if ey tw: wine
5. The wicked and in some case
open seasons. Ont AW ad Y ae
6. The deadly bag limits which as limi
are in one haif the western states only a jo
7. The fatat scarcity of game wardens.
8. _The lawlessness of many hunters.
9. The trampling of gests and young by
cattle and sheep. 1 ae
10. The development of dry farming. nh
11. Killing at all seasons by sheep herders. —
12. Continuous destruction by wolves and ~
coyotes. ‘

This catalogue of deadliness Dr. Hornaday R
goes on to say can only be offset by strong
quick measures for the game’s protection.

He devotes some space to the futility of
attempting to bring back the grouse by breed-
ing it in captivity or by restocking the barren
covers with hand-reared birds. This cannot
be done, says Dr, Hornaday, but “‘the grouse
and quail once lost will be lost forever.”
The importance of immediate action is shown
by the fact that the legislatures of the West-
ern States or nearly all of them will sit during
January or February of this year and then will —
not reassemble again until 1919, by which —
time it may be too late for protective meas- —
ures. e

ARE YOU A TRUE SPORTSMAN Pr

Can it be said of you that you are satisfied
with a reasonable bag? Does the man that
comes after you get any of the sport? In
many localities such sportsmen exist. They
are interested in the protection and!perpetua-
tion of the country’s game resources. They
get what they want, but they have con-
servative wants. They never fire a gun at
any kind of game if they think by so doing
they will injure the prospects for the increase
of that game supply. In some sections wild
water fowl are exceptionally good this year,
the increase being attributed to the migratory

bird law and to gunners who on previous
gunning trips only shot enough for their actual
needs and never more than the law limit. .

This could be true of all other game.
Don’t shoot more than you need. Don’t
shoot just for the sake of hitting something.
If you feel that way about it, go to the nearest
gun club and break targets. It’s a fine sport
and you are not killing off or reducing chances
for future supply, no matter how many clay
birds you kill.

Be a considerate sportsman. Ae oe

A suggestion to import several thousand
pheasants from China and turn them loose
in the Delta, Chilliwack and Vancouver
Island pheasant districts has been made by
the game warden of British Columbia as a
means of speedily bringing the flocks back
to normal. It is admitted that all over the
districts, the pheasant season has been dis-
appointing. s

The smallness of the flocks is attributed
not to the hard winter last year, which the
birds pulled through pretty well, but to the
cold, wet weather in the breeding season.
The effects of this weather could not be easily
seen as the young birds, dead or alive, were
hidden in the growing grain fields. But the

mortality must have been very heavy. Un-
less the coming winter is very mild and the ~
breeding season a good one, it is almost cer-
tain that there will be a close season for —
pheasants next year. ie,
The game warden puts the question of
importing pheasants on a dollars and cents Rs
basis. A close season would mean a shortage
of $8000 to $10,000 in revenue from game
licenses, and it would pay to spend $4000
or $5000 in importing enough birds to keep ~
the season open. The breeding season is”
in May and three thousand birds tur
loose in time for the breeding season 0
to produce good flocks.

oy ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 1037

“The Culture of Black

and Silver Foxes”
BY R. B.and L. V. CROFT, B.A., M.D.

The new and growing industry of Fox
q Raising is rapidly becoming popular

and its money making possibilities are
becoming | recognized. Canada’s leading

sportsman’s magazine, “RopD AND GUN,” is
being besieged by requests for information,
the result of the interest created by the splen-
did articles that have appeared in recent
issues. To meet this demand, the publish-
ers are issuing the articles in booklet form
in which enthusiasts are given valuable and
hitherto unknown information about foxes,
under the following heads:

Introduction; Heredity; Origin; Breed-
ing; Mating and Gestation; Pens and
Dens; Food and Feeding; Food and
Care; Value.

The volume is profusely illustrated with pie-
tures taken from life, and will doubtless be
eagerly received by everyone interested in the
profitable raising of this valuable animal.

Mailed to any address upon receipt of price,
60c POSTPAID

W. J. TAYLOR, Limited, Publishers
WOODSTOCK, ONT.

Dr. Croft on his Fox Ranch

- result of the interest created by the splendid articles
that have appeared in recent issues.

and Silver F oxes To meet this demand, the publishers are issuing the articles

in book form, in which enthusiasts are given valuable and
| By R.B.and L. V. hitherto unknown information about foxes, under the fol-
Croft, B.A., M.D. lowing heads; Introduction, Heredity, Origin, Breed-
. . ing, Mating and Gestation, Pens and Dens, Food and
Feeding, Food and Care, Value.

+ ene Sern is edepery shack a with ae taken
: m life, a oubtless be eagerly receive everyone

W. iP Taylor Ltd., Publishers interested in the profitable raising of this valduble aetna
WOODSTOCK - ONTARIO Mailed to any address upon receipt of price—60c postpaid.

Whe Culture of Black ANADA'S leading sperlaman's magazine, “Flop, ann
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adjustments etc., Gear or Gearing, Belt and Chain Gearing, Friction gear, Spur on
tooth gearing, Differential or balance gear, Shafts and their functions, The crank-
shaft, half speed shaft, countershaft, etc., Lubrication and Lubricators, Pumps and
their purposes, Motor misfiring, causes and remedies, Noises in the Motor, causes
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THE PROTECTION OF MIGRATORY

BIRDS IN

it ee. ’ fe eee,

CANADA

By C. Gorpon Hewitt, D.Sc., Dominion ENTOMOLOGIST

OR many years the numbers of our

migratory birds such as ducks, geese,

insectivorous birds and shorebirds, which
class includes the plovers, sandpipers, snipe
woodcock, etc., have been decreasing. This
decrease is a matter of common knowledge
and observation throughout the Dominion.
Certain of these migratory birds, such as
the Eskimo plover, which formerly existed
in enormous numbers and was killed for
the market, the Labrador duck, the passenger
pigeon and the great auk have now become
extinct. Others such as the whooping crane
and the wood duck, the most beautiful of
our native ducks, have become so reduced
in numbers as to render their continued
existence without further protection a matter
of doubt.

From a national standpoint the prospect
of this continued decrease involved serious
economic considerations. Leaving out of
account the value from an aesthetic point of
view of this portion of our Canadian wild
life, great as that is, and regarding it as an
economic asset to the country, we were faced
with the gradual reduction of our migratory
wild-fowl, whose value as food and as means
of securing recreation are inestimable, and
of our insectivorous birds, which are of even
greater importance to the welfare ofjgour
agricultural interests.

Insectivorous birds constitute one of the
chief natural agencies controlling insect pests
affecting field crops, orchards and forests.
In field crops alone the annual loss in Canada
due to the depredations of insect pests is,
on a conservative estimate, not less than
$125,000,000. And, with the development
of the country, the damage caused by insect
pests is increasing, while the numbers of
imsectivorous birds have been decreasing.

The chief causes of this decrease in the

numbers of our migratory birds are as fol-
lows: Canada constitutes the chief breed-
ing place for the greater number of these
birds. With the settlement of the country
the breeding places of many species have been
destroyed. The clearing of the land has in-
volved the clearing of the nesting sites of
insectivorous birds; the draining of marshy
areas and the settlement of the prairies have
driven wild-fowl from their former breeding
and feeding places. Such causes are, there-
fore, unavoidable to a large extent. On the
other hand, while many of the provinces have
excellent laws governing the protection of
ame, non-game and insectivorous birds, it
as not always been possible to give these
birds adequate protectior. The increase in
the number of persons who carry guns and
the improvement of modern sporting guns
have had their effect on the abundance of
wild-fowl.

Even with the strictest enforcement’ of
protective laws Canadians would have been

IH20

unable to prevent the continued decrease of
migratory birds unless the requisite pro-
tection were given to such birds during the
time that they are in United States terri-
tory. In other words, our migratory birds
cannot be adequately protected from con-
tinued decrease without co-operative pro-
tection in Canada and the United States.

It is a well-known fact that while some
of the states of the Union had excellent laws,
which they enforced, others failed to pro-
tect their birds. In some states the shoot-
ing of wild fowl in the spring was permitted;
this involved the killing of birds, usually
mated at that time of the year, on their way
to their breeding grounds in the north. This
discouraged many Canadians, who natur-
ally asked why they should protect their
wild-fowl for the market gunners in the
south. The existence of such market gun-
ners, who annually killed enormous quantities
of Canadian-bred ducks and geese for the
markets of the big cities in the United States,
constituted one of the greatest causes of
reduction and one of the chief obstacles to
any rational attempt to prevent such reduc-
tion and to maintain our stock of wild-fowl.
Not only were game birds affected, but in-
sectivorous birds were likewise killed by
thousands during their winter sojourn in
the south; this destruction has been par-
ticularly serious in the case of the robin, one
of our important cutworm destroyers.

As a result of the efforts of sportsmen,
game protective associations and other or-
ganizations interested in the conservation of
the wild fowl and other migratory birds in
the United States, the Federal Migratory Bird
Law was enacted in 1913 for the purpose of
securing more adequate protection for mi-
gratory birds which by reason of their mi-
gratory habits could not be successfully pro- r
tected by the efforts of individual states so
long as other states were derelict in the mat-
ter. The objects of the Federal regulations
were: To reduce the open seasons which
varied greatly in different states; to secure —
a more uniform open season, not exceeding
three and one-half months, fixed in accord-
ance with local conditions so that the sports-
men would have shooting at the best time ©
of the year; and to prevent the shooting of —
migratory birds in the spring. A close sea- —
son for a period of years was given to certain —

irds, particularly shorebirds, and the shoot- —
ing of insectivorous birds was entirely for-
bidden. The majority of the states amend- —
ed their laws to conform with the Federal —
regulations and although certain states in
which the influence of the market hunter
and gunners with no thought of the future
appeared to predominate, objected to Fed-
eral interference, the outcome of this increa
protection and elimination of spring shoo
has been a noticeable increase in the nun

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D GUN IN CANADA ("977
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eal
_

Wie es «
yf wild fowl. This increase has also been
observed by Canadian sportsmen.

__ The results of the Federal Migratory Bird
_ Law in the United States indicated the possi-
_ bilities and served to emphasize the need of
international co-operation. The question of
_ international co-operation was first inform:
ally discussed by the writer with the Biological
_ Survey of the United States Department of
Agriculture at Washington in January, 1914.
_ Later in the same month the subject was dis-

cussed in Ottawa at the annual meeting of
the Commission of Conservation and the
following resolution was passed:

“Resolved, that the Provincial Gov-
ernments of Canada be urged to solicit
the good offices of the Dominion Govern-
ment in obtaining the negotiation of a
convention for a treaty between Great

Britain and the United States, for the

purpose of securing more effective pro-
‘tection for the birds which pass from
one country to another.”

In the following month (February, 1914)
the United States Government submitted
to the Canadian. government for its con-
sideration the draft of a convention between
Great Britain and the United States for the

rotection of migratory birds in the United
tates and Canada. ‘Lhe draft of the pro-
posed convention was submitted to the sev-
eral provincial governments for their views,

as the question was of provincial concern.
The provincial governments unanimously
approved of the principle of the convention.

As objections that were not considered to be

_ insuperable were raised by only two of the
provinces, and, as the Departments of Agri-
culture and of the Interior, and the Com-
mission of Conservation, strongly concurred
in the opinion that the protection of these
_ birds, as provided under the proposed con-
vention, particularly on economic grounds,
was most desirable, an Order-in-Council was
passed on May 3lst, 1915, stating that the
Canadian Government was favourably dis-
posed to the conclusion of the proposed
Treaty. With a view to securing the settle-
ment of our objections to certain provisions
of the treaty further negotiations were under-
taken in Washington early in 1916, as a re-
sult of which all the objections raised were
completely met with the exception of one
_ that would have affected the vital principle
_ of the proposed treaty, namely, the elimina-
_ tion of spring shooting. Accordingly, a re-
_ vised draft convention embodying the changes
_ together with certain other improvements,
_ was prepared and submitted to the Canadian
_ Government in March, 1916. After further
_ consideration of this revised draft by the
_ Government an Order-in-Council was passed
- on the 29th June, 1916, stating that ‘“‘Canada
_ is prepared to agree to the conclusion of the

Sot e

Cnn FR a

ot

_ certain other amendments which had been
_ agreed to as a result of informal negotiation.
The treaty was signed in Washington on
6th August, 1916, by His Majesty’s Am-
bassador, Sir Cecil Spring-Rice, G.C.V.O.,
2 the Secretary of State of the United
tes, Mr. Robert Lansing. On the un-

=

animous vote of the Committee on’ Foreign

_ convention” conditional to ,the adoption of

~d
recs A

Relations it was ratified by the Senate o
United States on 29th August, 1916.
Before giving the articles of the

it will be of interest to quote the words of —
the preamble: si

‘‘Whereas many species of birds in the
course of their annual migrations tra-

- verse certain parts of the United States
and the Dominion of Canada; and,
whereas, many of these species are of
great value as a source of food or in
destroying insects which are injurious to
forests and forage plants in the public
domain, as well as to agricultural crops,
in both the United States and Canada,
but are nevertheless in danger of ex-
termination through lack of adequate
protection during the nesting season or
while on their way to and from their
breeding grounds; :

“The United States of America and

His Majesty the King of the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
and of the British dominions beyond the
seas, Emperor of India, being desirous of
saving from indiscriminate slaughter and
of insuring the preservation of such
migratory birds as are either useful to
man or are harmless, have resolved to
adopt some uniform system of protec-
tion which shall effectively accomplish
such, objects. ..-. .”

The following are the articles of the treaty:

Article I

The High Contracting Powers declare that
the migratory birds included in the terms
of this convention shall be as follows:—

1. Migratory Game Birds: ¢

(a) Anatidae or waterfowl, including brant,
wild ducks, geese and swans. : :

(b) Gruidae or cranes, including little
brown, sandhill, and whooping cranes. fi

(c) Rallidae or rails, including coots, galli-
nules and sora and other rails. ;

(d) Limicolae or shorebirds, including avo-
cets, curlew, dowitchers, godwits, knots,e
oyster catchers, phalaropes, plovers, sand-
pipers, snipe, stilts, surf birds, turnstones,
willet, woodcock, and yellowlegs. _

(e) Columbidae or pigeons, including doves
and wild pigeons.

2. Migratory Insectivorous Birds: Bobo-
links, catbirds, chickadees, cuckoos, flickers,
flycatchers, grosbeaks, humming birds, king-
lets, martins, meadowlarks, nighthawks or
bull bats, nut-hatches, orioles, robins, shrikes,
swallows, swifts, tanagers, titmice, thrushes,
vireos, warblers, wax-wings, whippoorwills,
woodpeckers, and wrens, and all other perch-
ing birds which feed entirely or chiefly on
insects. .

3. Other Migratory Nongame Birds:
Auks, auklets, bitterns, fulmars, gannets,
grebes, guillemots,. gulls, herons, jaegers,
loons, murres, petrels, puffins, shearwaters,

and terns.
Article II

The High Contracting Powers agree that,
as an effective means of preserving migratory
birds there shall be established the following
close seasons during which no hunting shall
be done except for scientific or propagating
purposes under permits issued by proper
authorities.

hee

1040

/

1. The close season on migratory game
birds shall be between March 10 and Sep-
tember 1, except that the close of the season
on the Limicolae or shorebirds in the Mari-
time Provinces of Canada and in those States
of the United States bordering on the Atlantic
Ocean which are situated wholly or in part
north of Chesapeake Bay shall be between
February 1 and August 15, and that Indians
may take at any time scoters for food but
not for sale. The season for hunting shall
be further restricted to such period not
exceeding three and one-half months as the
High Contracting Powers may severally deem
peprpeaate and definite by law or regulation.

- The close season on migratory insec-,
tivorous birds shall continue throughout the
year. j
3. The close season on other migratory
nongame birds shall continue throughout
the year, except that Eskimos and Indians
may take at any season auks, auklets,guille-
mots, murres and puffins, and their eggs
for food and their skins for clothing, but
the birds and eggs so taken shall not be sold
or offered for sale.

Article III

The High Contracting Powers agree that
during the period of ten years next follow-
ing the going into effect of this convention,
there shall be a continuous close season on
the following migratory game birds, to wit:

Band-tailed pigeons, little brown, sand-
hill and whooping cranes, swans, curlew and
all shorebirds (except the black-breasted
and golden plover, Wilson or jack snipe,
woodcock, and the greater and lesser yellow-
legs): provided that during such ten years
the close seasons on cranes, swans and cur-
lew in the province of British Columbia
shall be made by the proper authorities of
that province within the general dates and
limitations elsewhere prescribed in this con-
vention for the respective groups to which
these birds belong.
° Article IV

The High Contracting Powers agree that
special protection shall be given the wood

uck and the eider duck either (1) by a close
season extending over a period of at least
five years, or (2) by the establishment of
refuges, or (3) by such other regulations as
may be deemed appropriate.

Article V

The taking of nests or eggs of migratory
game or insectivorous or nongame birds
shall be prohibited, except for scientific or
propagating purposes under such laws or
regulations as the High Contracting Powers
may severally deem, appropriate.

Article VI

The High Contracting Powers agree that

e shipment or export of migratory birds
or their eggs from any State or Province,
during the continuance of the close season
in such State or Province, shall be pro-
hibited except for scientific or propagating
purposes, and the papier Rea traffic in
any birds or eggs at such time captured,
killed, taken or shipped at any time con-
trary to the laws of the State or Province
in which the same were captured, killed,
taken or shipped shall be likewise prohibited.
Every package containing migratory birds

ROD AND GUN IN C

; SEAMING
or any parts thereof or any eggs of m
tory birds transported, or offered for tran
portation from the Dominion of Canada —
into the
States into the Dominion of Canada, shall
have the name and address of the shipper
and an accurate statement of the contents
clearly marked on the outside of such package.
Arlicle VII
Permits to kill any of the above-named
birds which, under extraordinary conditions,
may become seriously injurious to the agri-
cultural or other interests in any particular
community, may be issued by the proper
authorities of the High Contracting Powers
under suitable regulations prescribed therefor
by them respectively, but such permits shall
lapse, or may be cancelled, at any time when,
in the opinion of said authorities, the par- .
ticular exigency has passed, and no birds
killed under this article shall be shipped,
sold or offered for sale.
Article VIII
The High Contracting Powers agree them-

«

selves to take, or propose to their respective ud

appropriate law-making bodies, the necessary
measures for insuring the execution of the
present convention.

It will be seen that the most important
provision is Article II, providing for: (1)
a close season on migratory game birds from
March 10th to September Ist, with the ex-
ception given; (2) an,open season of three
and one half months; and (3) a close season
throughout the year on insectivorous birds.
The open season of three and one-half months
may be fixed anywhere between September
1 and March 10 to suit the local conditions.
The restriction of the open season on wild-
fowl to three and one-half months will in-
volve in some provinces a shortening of the
present open season, but in view of the ob-
jects of the treaty and the experience that
such restriction in the United States is in-
creasing the supply of birds, this change will
undoubtedly meet with the support of sports-
men desirous of preventing the continued
decrease in the numbers of wild fowl.

The conclusion of this convention con-

there is an ever-growing sentiment in favour
of preserving what is left of our former wealth
of wild life whieh has been so seriously de-
pleted by improvidence in the past. This
international measure will affect over one
thousand species and sub-species of bi ds
from the Gulf of Mexico to the north p
and we may confidently look forward to
merely a cessation of the decrease, but to
increase of our migratory birds which
so valuable a national asset. cit

United States or from the United vay

r. : NORTHERN MAMMALS .
an .
T the seventh annual meeting of the
\ A Commission of Conservation held at

4 Ottawa in 1916 C. Gordon Hewitt,
~ Dominion Entomologist, read a memorandum
of recommendations and comments on same
_ regarding the conservation of our Northern
mammals which we reproduce herewith.

_ “Referring to the memoranda that I pre-

ared for the Commission in the summer of

_ 1914, relative to the protection of the caribou

and muskox-in particular, in the northern

territories:

: “Certain recommendations were made in

my memorandum of July 27, 1914, regarding

very necessary amendments to the Northwest
Game Act, 1906. I understand that the
amendment of the Northwest Game Act is now
under consideration by the Department of
the Interior, and, as I have had further oppor-
tunities of looking carefully:into the questions
previously discussed, and of considering fur-
_ther requirements in the matter of the con-
servation of a number of our larger mammals
and wild life in general, I beg to submit the
following recommendations, which not only

_ incorporate my former ones, but go further

and deal with certain cognate matters. In

this further consideration I have been ma-
terially assisted by personal conferences with

Mr. T. S. Palmer, in charge of the Game Pro-

tection Division of the United States Bio-

logical Survey; Dr. W. T. Hornaday, Director
of the New York Zoological Park, and un-

_ doubtedly our leading authority on the con-

servation of wild life on the continent; and

Prof. Henry Fairfield Osborn, President of

the American Museum of Natural History and

of the Zoological Society of New York.
Amendments Suggested.
“As the amendment of the Northwest Game

_ Act is most urgently needed, I would respect-

fully suggest that the Committee on Fisheries

Game and Fur-bearing Animals be asked
_ to consider the following recommendations,
with a view to recommending such action

as may be considered necessary.

_ 1. That amendment of the Northwest
_~ Game Act of 1906 is most urgently needed
_ to meet changed conditions and to prevent

the continued and rapid extermination of

certain economically important animals
referred to later.

2. That it is very desirable, in order
to secure proper and efficient administra-
_ tion, that the Northwest Game Act be
_ administered by the Commissioner of Dom-
inion Parks, as his Branch is alread
_ ed with the protection of game, an
_ give the matter more of the close attention
_ and supervision that it requires or is pos-
le under the present arrangement.

That the rigorous protection of the

ild ie “wood” bison or buffalo be con-

‘

¥

|

That more protection be given to the
ou, which is rapidly becoming dim-

inished in numbers in the north for want of —

adequate protection, by providing for the

following in the Act as amended.

(a) the prohibition, absolutely, of the
killing of female or yearling caribou;
the prohibition to extend to Eskimos
and Indians.

(b) The prohibition of the export of
caribou skins except under license,
which should not permit the export by
bona fide hunters or other duly author-
ized persons of more than two skins and
heads under permit of the Sub-collector
of Customs stationed at Herschel
island, who should be ex-officio a game
warden under the Act.

5. That more protection be exer to the
musk-ox by providing for the following in
the Act as amended:

(a) The prohibition of the killing of
musk-ox, except under license, which
should not permit the taking by bona
jide hunters or other duly authorized
persons of more than two skins and
two heads under each license. Na-
tives or bona fide explorers to be allow-
ed to kill musk-ox for food for their
own use but not in order to secure the
skins.

(b) The prohibition of the killing of
musk-ox on Victoria, Banks and Mel-
ville islands, thereby constituting these
islands as permanent reserves for musk-
ox and as centres for its natural dis-
tribution to other parts.

6. That a close season be included in
the Act for white fox, from April 1 to No-
vember 15. This animal is sorely in need
of such protection.

That competent game guardians be
appointed by the Minister of the Interior
to carry out the provisions of the North-
west Game Act in the region between the
Alaskan boundary and Herschel island on
the west and Coronation gulf on the east,
to act in addit.on to the Royal Northwest
Mounted Police.”

Protection of Caribou.

The caribou ieterred to is the barren ground
carihou, not the wood caribou. The barren
ground caribou is found in the region east of
the Mackenzie river. Its distribution and
winter range are indicated on the accompany-
ing map.

At the present time, you would seldom
meet with a caribou west or the delta of the
Mackenzie river and north of the Porcupine
river, whereas, ten years ago, thousands were
to be seen in that region. They have been
exterminated and that extermination is now
going on from the west and east of our own
barren grounds. We have been accustomed
to speak of caribou as if they occurred—as
we know from the evidence of people who
have been there that they did occur—in
millions, «2d, when you speak of millions of

1041

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‘lace

% Fun ce Men Vii cae
ip } th a tg ee

‘ Oa ae
ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

1042

animals, you begin to think of extermination
being impossible. But you have only to re-
member the fate of the buffalo to see the falsity
of that idea. The buffalo occurred over the
middle and northern part of this continent in
countless millions, and yet, but for the fore-
sight of the United States Government and
ot our Government, it would undoubtedly
have been extinct before this. Fortunately,
it was caught just in time, and now it is gradu-
ally increasing in numbers. But that is a case
where, on economic grounds, reduction in
numbers might be considered justifiable, as
the buffalo was occupying rich lands required
for agriculture. But the caribou is not
occupying agricultural territory; in fact it is
the only extensive _superterranean natural
resource we have in those northern regions,
and, therefore, for the sake of the inhabitants
of those regions, and for the future develop-
ment of any industry that might arise, pre-
servation of the caribou is necessary from a
national standpoint. Of all large animals
it is the one most easily exterminated, and
its extermination is rapidly going on. |
tion was called to this by Stefansson in 1914
and that was one of the reasons for our taking
up this question at that time. The caribou
is required to preserve a constant supply of
clothing and food for the northern tribes of
Indians and the Eskimos. The latter feed
on them from May until September, after
which season they go north and teed on the
seals.
Destruction of Wo:ves.

Not only is the catioou being reduced hy
the traders and whalers, who are arming the
natives with rifles and other means of killing
them, but the wolves, also, are responsible
for a large decrease in the numbers of caribou.
That is a matter, which should be taken up
by the Department of the Interior, with a
view to getting the Eskimos to kill the wolves
and assist them in the export of wolf skins.
If this could be accomplished and the trade
in caribou skins suppressed, it would assist
very materially in gaining the end we have
in view.

The first recommendation made in the
memorandum is that the Northwest Game
Act should be amended. Anyone who has
looked into the question of the conservation
of our game in the Northwest Territories
must realize that the Act, passed in 1906, is
now quite inadequate, and that it requires
very positive amendment to meet the changed
conditions of the present time, even if these
recommendations should not be inserted in
the new Act.

Administration of Game Act.

The second recommendation is in regard
to placing the administration of the Act under
the Commissioner of Dominion Parks. At
present the Act does not appear to be ad-
ministered by any special officer. True, the
law clerk of the Department of the Interior
issues the necessary permits provided for
under the Act, but, for the efficient admunis-
tration of the protective provisions of that
Act it must be under some appropriate officer;
otherwise its efficient administration cannot
be secured. To carry out this very vigorous
and much needed policy oi game protection
in the Northwest, the Act should be admin

Atten- .

Parks, who already has control of the con-—
servation oi pee in our large national parks,
and has the basis of the necessary machinery.

Very Few Wood Bison Remain, ;

The third recommendation is that the —
vigorous protection of the wild or-wood bison
be continued. I think that needs no further
explanation. There exists only a compara-
tively small number of wood bison, which is
regarded as a distinct species by many authori-
ties from the plains buffalo or bison now
coralled in our national parks. These wood
bison are in the neighbourhood of Fort Smith,
and their numbers are estimated to be about
400. The Forestry Branch of the Depart-
ment of the Interior has at present a special
officer detailed to look after them.

It is of great importance to prevent their
reduction in numbers. It is a zoological fact
that, in the decrease in numbers of a_ species
of animal, there is ultimately reached a stage
where recovery is impossible, because of so
many adverse factors, chief of which is the
fact that the wolves take the calves or fawns,
and a stage is thus reached, where, whatever
you may do, you ¢annot get back the num-—

ers. That will be the fate of the antelope
in our western provinces.

Turning now to the recommendation con-
cerning the further protection of the caribou.
I have already briefly discussed this animal.
The chief reason for its rapid extermination
is that traders and whalers are getting into
the country, particularly above Coronation
gull, and are supplying the Eskimos with
irearms and other means of rapidly killing
caribou, whereas formerly the Eskimos were
content to kill all they needed for food with
bows and arrows. Now they are encouraged
to get all the pelts they can secure for traders
and dealers, who take them to Alaska, where
they now have few caribou, and elsewhere.
Having none themselves they come into our
northern territory and encourage the Eskimos
to exterminate ours. That is a condition we
cannot permit.

Musk-Ox Being Exterminated.

The musk-ox is another animal that is being ©
very rapidly exterminated. Three years ago,
when discussing this subject with Dr. Hen- |
shaw, Chief of the United States Biological —
Survey, he said: ‘It seems to me, unless
prompt and effective measures are taken
for its preservation, it too, must soon be num-—
bered among the animals that were but now
are not.’ Traders and whalers are very
anxious to get the hides of musk-ox. is
just a pelt-hunting proposition, and they are-
being hunted by the Eskimos.

On the lower
part of Victoria island and Coronation gulf
the destruction of musk-ox is not so extensive
as that of caribou. The probable distribution
of the musk-ox is indicated on the map facing
page 34. It is interesting to note that if
the musk-ox were left to itself, if we had
this commercial hunting by Eskimos
Indians, who are paid for the pelts, it wo
possibly continue to exist, without any
siderable decrease, owing to the natur:
culties of the barren grounds in the
south of Bathurst inlet. The Dogrib
and Yellow Knife Indians from the w
southwest and the Eskimos from

ae
:

‘

4

—

a appointments will follow:
Leamington;

A Sa ane a A

AN

nt the musk-ox from their respective reg-
ons. The Indians from the west cannot get
- into the centre of the country because of the
natural difficulties of camping, etc., so there
might always be a nucleus which neither
Eskimo nor Indian could reach. But, with
the temptation of reward, they will destroy
every musk-ox they see. The Eskimos and
Indians, however, are not the only people who
.destroy these musk-ox.
Sportsmen are Serious Menace.

One of the worst enemies ot the musk-ox is
the so-called sportsman, and some of our best
ones, who have international reputations, are
simply butchers where musk-ox are concerned.
I have had evidence from the United States
of the fact that one man, with a great reputa-
tion as a hunter, simply shot these animals
like so many sheep. Such wanton destruc-
tion cannot for a moment be tolerated and
steps must be taken to render it impossible.

The musk-ox is a singular animal. It has
little sense of danger, and does not take care
of itself, possibly because of the character of
its life. It has lived in deserted regions,
and does not know the white man as a danger-
ous animal. It is really no sport to shoot
musk-ox. Therefore, I think we should have
some restriction, such as I have recommend-
ed, in regard to the number of musk-oxen
which sportsmen, under license, are allowed
to kill, also the number of pelts or hides that
may be brought out.

The foregoing, I think, are the chief points
I wish to bring to your attention in regard to
the animals in question.

A close season for white or Arctic fox is
very necessary. The white fox is seriously
decreasing in numbers and its protection is
not provided for in the Northwest Game Act.

It may appear to some of you that it would
be very difficult to enforce close seasons in
the case of the Eskimo. As a matter of fact,
it is not. According to the experiences of
the Northwest Mounted Police, the Eskimo
carefully observes close seasons; he will take
a calendar and mark on it the close seasons
for different animals; and he will know very
well the day when the close season begins
or ends.

Competent Game Guardians Essential.

The appointment of competent game guard-
ians is most essential. If the government
is to adopt any progressive policy in regard

to game protection in that northern country,

At a special meeting of the Bird Lovers’
Association of South Essex held in Essex
the county was divided into seven districts,
made up of the towns and their surroundings
as follows:—Leamington, Kingsville, Harrow,
Amherstburg, Comber, Essex, Windsor and
Walkerville, the two latter places to con-
stitute a district. Each town is to be re-

‘oe presented by a vice-president and the follow-

ing appointments were made while other
F. S. Moss,

E. R. Kerr, Windsor and

it must have some men with little else
do but look after the game. At present

number of persons are constituted game
wardens, chiefly members of the Royal
Northwest Mounted Police, who have accom-

plished excellent work. But we all know

‘their multifarious duties, and the mounted
policeman may not always be able to specially

visit sections to ensure the carrying out of
the provisions of the Act.
special game guardians in addition to the
Mounted Police.

I think if these recommendations are

adopted by the Commission, and put ,before

the Government, they would stand a very
great chance of being adopted. The Com-

mission of Conservation has a very great in-

fluence in matters of this kind; in fact the
Government looks to it for advice in such
affairs. I hope the Commission will there-
fore see its way, with this explanation, to
adopt the recommendations, should the Com-
mittee on Fisheries, Game and Fur-bearing
Animals bring them up.

Looking to the Future.

It is a very important national question;
I regret that there is not time to deal with
the matter in its larger aspects. The experts
of the Commission appreciate them, as well
as I do. We are often told that, while we
boast of the size of the country, we have that
enormous northern territory which is no
good for anything. I do not look at it in that
way. I conceive a time in our history when
the whole of that northern;country will be
productive. Here, then, are some resources
that will ultimately be very important in their
relation to the production which we shall hope
to secure irom that immense territory. For
that reason it is very urgent, at this time,
that action should be taken.

Conservation Cannot be Delayed.

In the conservation of wild life we cannot

postpone action from year to year, because

all the time the animals are being reduced

in numbers and exterminated, and they
ultimately reach a stage where, however
pious may be our wishes and intentions, we
cannot bring them back. These are valuable
natural resources and can be protected for
the future. For that reason I think we
should take very energetic action now and
leave no stone unturned to secure proper and
adequate protection for these animals.

Waikerville; J. T. Miner, Kingsville; Mr.
Naylor, Essex. It is the intention of the
Association to work in harmony with and
co-operate with the South Essex Game Pro-
tective Association. Several enthusiastic
addresses were delivered at the meeting
referred to in favor of bird protection and a
resolution passed asking the Ontario Govern-
ment to eliminate September duck shooting,
making the open season to date from October
1st and having it end December 3ist.

There should be —

eS ee a Oe

{= ae

So

eM

:-: ALONG THE TRAP LINE’ :-: \@
i LL Ln aT ii

SUGGESTIONS FOR TRAPPING 4
FUR BEARERS +

HuBERT HutTTron

—Civet Cat—

The Civet Cat is very similar to the skunk
in its habits and is trapped much in the same
manner. The Civet Cat will run in and out
of every hole it comes to, and for this reason
trappers dig a small hole usually close to
the side of a bank; place your favorite bait
in the bottom and conceal the trap just at
the entrance. Part of a rabbit, chicken
or bird suspended from the-limb of a tree a
few inches above your trap will be sure to
attract civet and you are bound to get them.

If civet are plentiful in your section try
to locate their den, and if you can do so, the
most successful way to take them is witha
good reliable smoker. If there are two out-
lets to the den, block one of them up lightly
after setting trap there so that the civet can
scratch their way out and into your trap.
Place your smoker at the other entrance,
forcing the sulphurous smoke into their den.
If you will set a few traps at the outlet, or
if two men can work together, you can club
them and get the whole lot. Any of the
advertised smokers are recommended to
force them into your traps.

—Ermine—
(White Weasel)

In trapping for the Weasel, always see that
your traps are properly oiled and in first-
class working order, as this animal is very
light and a good many are lost on account of
the traps not being easily sprung. The weas-
el, while very small, is a great destroyer and
is very fond of chickens, birds and rabbits.
It can be trapped very easily by concealing
the traps along runways, which usually fol-
low old fences and secluded places. Cover
the trap very lightly with dust or grass, and
directly over the trap, about twelve inches,
place a few drops of liquid Ermine bait on a
stick or weed. Be very careful not to dis-

the same size as a mink, but has a long bushy

1044

turb the surroundings, leaving it appearing as
natural as possible. The methods given for
trapping mink may also be used with success ~-
for weasel,-as they are very similar in habits.

—Ringtail Cat—
The Ringtail Cat is not familiar to many
trappers, as it is found only in some parts
of California, Oregon and Texas. It is about

tail of about the same length as the body,
which is marked in alternate rings of black
and grayish white. It is trapped in much the
same manner as the mink, but is very sus-
picious; and on this account I would recom-
mend the use of some kind of trail scent, rub-
bing it on the soles of your shoes when going
to and from your traps. Set your traps along
streams or near their den, or wherever you
find any signs. Place your bait (liquid)
on a brush or stick directly over the pan of
the trap. Some trappers prefer placing the
body 6f a bird or fowl with a few drops of
Ringtail liquid bait on it, suspended above
the trap. If you can locate the den they may
be easily smoked out and forced into your
traps.
—Fisher—

One method of trapping Fisher is to cut
down a small tree and under it place a rabbit
or bird. Leave it as though the rabbit or
bird had been killed by the fallen tree. On
the fur of the rabbit drop a little liquid Fisher
bait, and on either side of the tree, about ten
inches from the bait, carefully set and con-
ceal a trap, covering it lightly with leaves
so the surroundings will look as natural as
possible. When visiting yourtrapswerecom-
mend that you rub trail scent on the soles of
your shoes, and if a Fisher is in the neighbor-
hood and crosses your trail it will follow it
to where your trap is set and you are sure — 2
to get him. The Fisher is a very stron 4

_ Newho traps of their strength, aways
attaching the chain of the trap to a clog,
or drag, or better still bend over a young tree
and secure it with a peg, and to the end of
the tree fasten the trap chain so that the
Fisher in its struggles will pull the end of the
_tree from under the peg and in this way be
_ jerked up in the air.

—Badger—
_ Badgers live in dens, so in trapping fo1
them, it is well to try to locate) their den,
which is best done with the aid of one or
more good trailing dogs. If the den can be
located the animals may be smoked out,
: and you need have no trouble in getting
them. If there are two outlets to the den,
_ block one of them up lightly so that the
; badgers can scratch their way out and not
be suffocated. At the other end place your
smoker, and force the sulphurous smoke into
. their den and you are bound to force them
into your trap. Set your traps at both
entrances, if there are two.
Daath If you are trapping for them use liquid
q Badger bait sprinkled on birds or on a bluff of
ri rock, a foot or two from the ground; and
directly under the bait set your trap. Use
trail scent on your shoe soles in going to and
_ from the traps and any Badger crossing same
will more than likely follow the trail to the
4 traps and be caught.

% —Wild Cat—

Wildcats are found in nearly every part of
| the United States and in some sections do a
¥ great deal of harm and for this reason there
is a bounty on the scalp. They usually live

I walked the rest of the way at a pretty
fast gait, spearing three more rats on the
Bh: way and these. together with what I had got
_ before, were carefully hid among the goose-
berry bushes away from places where anyone
might find them. This done I hit the rail-
__ road track tu Cobden where I bought a supply
of traps for rats to be set in rat houses very
00 after the spearing time was over, also

_ part of the United States and Canada.

MUSKRAT SPEARING EXPERIENCES
OF LONG AGO ;

(CONTINUED FROM LAST ISSUE.) .
LEO PANKRATZ J i

alone cliffs and vials their he
among the rocks. If you can find
tracks or some signs of them you will a
little difficulty in getting them into yot i
traps. On an over-hanging rock, two 01 A

three feet above ground place your bait and °

ene, Use the ar scent as heen
fore mentioned on your shoe soles, and if
you find a den use the smoker.

—Wolverine—

Wolverine is probably the hardest fur-
bearing animal in North America to trap.
They are not very plentiful and are only
found in the wildest regions of the northern ~
They |
are very strong and powerful and the stoutest
and best trap obtainable should be used.
On a rabbit, bird or chunk of meat sprinkle
some Wolverine liquid bait. If possible find
a deer trail and on a tree two or three feet
from the ground place your bait. Directly
under the bait, and about ten inches from
the tree, set your trapand cover lightly with
material similar to the surroundings so that

it will appear natural. Use the trail scent is of
on your shoe soles in going to and from your ! “
traps. Bay.

Not desiring to advertise any certain kind © i
of bait by suggesting a particular brand, I one
have refrained from mentioning the name of =
same in this article, preferring to leave that oe
entirely to the reader. Different kinds of ae
bait are advertised in most magazines for the aie
sportsman and I leave that item for you to
decide upon, not desiring to give this treatise the
an advertising tinge. : es

a supply of grub, plenty of bullets and a small A.
amount of black gun powder and of course ©
that supply of Spearhead to chew while
spearing the muskrats. Bk

Having purchased everything I needed I as
took the pike northwards in the direction
from which I had come and striking the rail- RU
road track walked up it till I reached the
creek bank opposite the one I had traversed et

iz
Pa 984. ck

1046 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

previously, which was to give
me a new field for operations.
The rats which I had cached
in the grass and bushes were
then skinned and the carcases
left for the meat eating
animals to devour. I would
have taken this meat home to
feed my large bunch of skunks,
minks, oppossums, foxes and
coons, as I am a fur farmer
and raise these animals for
their fur but the distance was
too great. Since a mere school
boy I have raised both skunks
and muskrats in~ captivity.
Skunks when taken by the
tail do not scent one up, I may
add for the uninitiated. For
my pet muskrats to swim in
I made large concrete water
basins. I am now raising
wild Mallard Ducks, Canada
geese and skunks on a large
scale as well as others of the
fur producing tribe, and meet-
ing with much success. But
as it is not now my _ inten-
tion to write an article on fur
farming I will leave this for a
later issue and return to my
muskrat spearing experiences.

Taking the pelts which I
had removed from the car-
cases I hung them on hooks
dangling from my belt which
really added but little weight
to my luggage although the
skins, it is true, made me
look somewhat like a “‘wild
Injun” on the war path gather-
ing the white men’s scalps as
a trophy of his cleverness.

As I passed along the banks
on my way home I scanned
them for signs of rats and
suddenly a dashing streak of

brown fur crossed my vision. tay te

t i L READY TO START ON THE MUSKRAT TRAP LINE VIA
Making a closer observation THE WATER ROUTE, POLE SHOWS IN BQAT WHICH IS USED
of the surroundings T saw a RQSER PO'RONACH IE Ad Whicdit DIVE COON BEING
medium sized mink in the CAUGHT; A RED FOX < UF ON ae

bushes not very far from me.

I watched it with keen interest till it dis- after frightening its occupants I found to

appeared among the bushes, meantime pre- my surprise that it held a dozen or more in-

dicting that the next winter I would catch dividuals, they being ranged along the creek

some of the “‘slippery’’ animals thereabouts. _ in single tile. When I saw them I really did
A muskrat den was next discovered and not know which one I should take first. I

~

FROM TOP TO BOTTOM: MUSKRAT HOUSES,

had use then for a half dozen spears had I
had them. I was fairly jumping about in
my excitement but the rats seemed tame
enough and to be simply waiting around for
me to spear them. I was obliged to com-

A ONE STRIPED SKUNK, A FREAK, ITS TAIL
LONGER THAN ITS BODY. FIRST SKIN EVER
SEEN ne MR. PANKRATZ WITH A SINGLE
STRIPE.

promise on taking two with the spears at my
disposal. Then I chopped a hole in the ice
which frightened away the rest of the rats.
I hunted about and found one more under
a bush under the ice which IJ also~speared.
The remainder of the rats retired to parts
unknown for the time being. On my way
to the lake I secured three
more rats which I got with dif-
ficulty owing to the fact that
the ice was very white in color
and the rats could not be seen
plainly enough to make it
easy to spear them at once.
On the contrary I was obliged
to search for them quite a
time before getting a plain
view of them.

Having now arrived at my
old lake I walked up to the
first house and jabbed in the
spear as far as it would go.
Listening I heard the spear
Ting out its old tune, a pleas-
ant one to my ears. Quickly
chopping open the house I re-
moved the rat, carefully replac-

vw

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA |

vs! was MO) ot ala! eheiekal” “Re,

ing the wad of grass and mud that the house
might not be spoiled for future living quarters
during the winter months in which they
would be occupied by the rats. It is a mis-
take to spoil a house entirely, damaging it
so that it will freeze through and be unin-
habitable again for the rats.

I had quite an experience with the next
three rats I speared. Going up to a fairly
large house instead of frightening out the
rats from it as was my usual method when
the houses are large and the speared rats as
a consequence cannot hear through the deep
ice and grass, etc. I jammed the spear down
as far as it would go. I listened and sure
enough I had one on the spear. I proceeded
to chop open the house then and killed the
rat on my spear right in one of the rooms.
No sooner had I killed this one than what
appeared to me to be the same rat bobbed
up his head again with the result that I gave
him a couple more whacks with my hunting
axe and thinking he was dead for certain
this time was just about to reach in with my
hook to hook him out when behold that rat
stuck up his head again from out the water.
This time, thinking that the rat was bewitch-
ed I reached for him with my hook, thinking
that I would bring him up above the surface
of the debris, dead or alive, but what do you
think? There were two dead rats and one
live one on my spear! I had killed the first
one and then the second had popped up
which I had also killed. Then the third
one had appeared. Evidently the rats had
been well bunched together else it had been
impossible to spear all three at practically
the same time.

The next house I approached I noticed a

TWO MONTHS’ CATCH OF FURS AND PART OF OUTFIT USED

ON THE TRAP LINE.

1048

rat under the ice and taking careful aim
struck, hitting him through the head. Tak-
ing my small spear I speared another in the
house. The next house brought me two
more and the next, one.

I speared through the whole lake that
afternoon excepting such places, of course,
as were unfit to travel on owing to the thin-
ness of the ice. After all the available houses
were speared I tried some of them over again,
those at which I had started in the beginning,
- with the result that I got a few more before
nightfall, but all were not so tame this time,
but rather inclined to be very shy, which
of course made it more difficult for me to get
them.

I skinned most of the rats leaving the
carcases for the wild animals to feast on,
lugging home a few however for my tame
skunks and foxes and skinning these at home

was an old Jimmy pipe slugged full of ““P.A.”
The skunks were squealing a in their
yards and after a while I took them out a ©
nice bunch of rats on which they made an
apparently very satisfactory meal, aM

When my night’s work was completed
having had a good supper, I hit the bunk,
tired but happy. The day’s spearing had
been markedly successful.

Bright and early the next morning I was
up and making preparations for another day
on the lake. I did a little spearing this day
but put in the greater part of my time setting
out traps and getting ready for the winter
muskrat trapping.

FOX BREEDING CONDITIONS: OPINION OF AN
EXPERT AS TO VALUE AND QUALITY
OF PELTS

R. Alfred V. Fraser, New York agent
M of C. M. Lampson and Co., London,
England, the world’s largest fur com-

mission house, lately visited a majority of the
fox ranches on Prince Edward Island, with a
view to securing the pelts for his firm’s sales.
Mr. Fraser was impressed by the industry’s
stability and considers the fox in the domes-
ticated animal list permanently. He be-

lieves that the production of large dark-.

coloured skins will not be overdone, and that,
for the next few years, the darkest animals
should be kept for breeding and the lighter
coloured culled out and marketed. The
“market prefers the black and nearly black
skins.

Prices are much lower now than formerly
but will probably advance again when the war
is over. The average value of the foxes seen
by Mr. Fraser is probably between $200.00
and $300.00. In several ranches, where the
foxes are black or nearly so, and are vigorous
and well grown, the average value is several
times higher and, in a few instances, the skins
of individual animals will exceed $1,000.00.
They are of higher value than the average wild
fox because they are killed when prime, and
are darker coloured.

Mr. Fraser believes that, to rear foxes
successfully, the farmer must be a prime stock
feeder and keep his animals growing thriftly
from birth to maturity. The practice in

many ranches of restricting feed until the

foxes are four to five months old he considers
harmful. His opinion is worthy of considera- q
tion as he himself is a live stock breeder.
He states that any defects in the food will be

evident in the skin structures first, and the

skin of any animal is the evidence of its feed-

ing.

The stability of the industry was considered
doubtful when the skins were placed upon the 4
London market some years ago. Lampson’s
formerly held the opinion that, unless wild
fox blood was continually introduced, the “~
skins would deteriorate. Mr. Fraser is now ~
convinced that no new blood is required
as several ranchers had their foxes in uni-
formly excellent condition, and of an average
size in excess of wild foxes, while the colour
was very much superior to that of any wild
animal.

Mr. Fraser’s visit has done much to restore a
confidence among the breeders. He met
several hundred fox owners and saw more
than a thousand foxes. In some ranches he
examined silver foxes bred from cross or
“patch” fox parents, which were of good
quality and constituted a profitable enter-
prise considering the capital invested. This
result is in conformity with the report made Y
by the Commission of Conservation in 1912,
entitled ‘““Fur Farming in Canada. * by J. W.
Jones.

Le Nor.

ern Ontario

>

ear "te Bers ee

(1) Moose Hunting Party in Camp.
(2) A Trophy.
(3) Calling the Moose.

HOUGH perhaps not so famous for its
big game as British Columbia or New
Brunswick, Ontario possesses many
valuable wild animals, which the hunter loves
to pursue in the fall and early winter. None
of the game of this province is more interest-
ing than the moose. He is to be found in

many haunts, but his favorite resorts seem
to be in the Timagami district, around Des-
barats, Bisco, Missanabie, and White River,
and is often to be seen in the region stretching
from Fort William to Wabigoon Lake.

Not long ago, the delightful sport of hunt-
ing big game was confined to the male sex,
but noW it is quite fashionable to see ladies
with rifles in hand out on the hunting grounds,
and often their aim isassteady as that of some
of the members of the sterner sex.

LF 1a

bit

Gun Club secretaries who would like to see
the records of shoots which they hold from time
to time in Rod and Gun are invited to send
these in as soon after the shoots take place as
possible. If enclosed in an unsealed envelope ad-
dressed to the Trap Editor, Rod and Gun, Wood-
stock, Ont., and marked ‘*Printer’s Copy.
written reports or newspaper clippings giving

4 the!

Be oy

’
‘

the scores of shoots held may be forwarded for.

one cent postage. Please be sure to mark on

the copy the date when the shoot was held.
Tournament dates should be sent in at the

earliest possible moment to ensure insertion.

TRAPSHOOTING
By George Peck

He was a brand new game warden and had in no
sense been spoiled by thé little touch of rural politics
which had punctuated his spotless career. He had
heard of the grafter and his methods but when Fate
directed his steps to this honorable position it directed
wisely, for its choice was an honest man who would do
his duty. /

And so, when he heard the report of a shotgun one
day in early July, his jaw set firmly and he turned his
head quickly to get the direction. Again and again
he heard the report and finally located the source
beyond a lonely hill. Stealthily he took the trail of
the miscreant and shortly came upon two of them
standing beside an automobile, one with the telltale
gun in his hand and the other holding a piece of
machinery, undoubtedly a part of the automobile.
He would remain in seclusion for a bit and perhaps
catch this hunter in the very act of breaking the law.

Then, much to his astonishment, the man placed the
gun to his shoulder, said “‘pull’’ and instantly a black
object was projected from the machine which the other
man carried. With a quick aim the gunner fired at the
flying object and a puff of black dust showed that his
aim was accurate and he had centered the charge. As
a game warden, he was wise in his generation for he
did not disclose his identity. On the other hand,
appearing as a curious bystander, he soon learned that
the greatest thrill producing combination for the out-
door man is a hand trap and a shotgun.

Some Good Scores at Hamilton Gun Club Shoot.

At the Hamilton Gun Club on Saturday, Dec. 16th,
the championship event over the Fulford traps proved
most interesting to the shooters as well as the onlook-
ers. There were nineteen entries, and in order to
finish the race in the afternoon, it was necessary to
enforce a rule that when a contestant missed three
birds he dropped out. Up to the twentieth bird there
were only nine left in the running, and at the twenty-
fifth bird, G. Beattie, N. Long and J. Gomph were
tied with 24 each. It was necessary to go fourteen
more birds before the winner was decided, Gomph
dropped out at the thirty-first, and Long lost his
opportunity to win when Beattie let the thirty-eighth

et away, as Long, who followed him in turn, got a
ard one which landed just out of bounds. Long
missed the next one, while Beattie got his, thereby
winning the gold medal. H. Lennox was dangerous
up to the nineteenth, as he had a perfect'score till
then, finishing up 23 out of 25. H. Kretchman and
George Stroud had 23 each, and E. Sturt 22 out of 25,
and were right ip line till near the finish.

There were jwo miss-and-out sweeps. The first
was won by C. Syer, with 7 straight, and the second
by H. Lennox, with 5 straight.

The scores were:

M. Goodale
ihsole iret: 7s. Se eee eee ae

Shot At. Broke.
ae HER MER Saree 1
22 19

Frank Stotts’ Shoot.

_ The shoot of Frank Stotts, Essex, Ontario, held Jan. 11th, brought out a good crowd of experts.
Kingsville, and J. W. Hart, Dresden, led the field in the target events with a total of 142 out of 150, dividing

and 2nd average money. Others who shared in the aver
and T. W. Wigle, Kingsville.

1050

a;

ge money were A. F. Healy, Windsor, H. Smith. at

ale Mape

ody iA,

TF) ——

4

Crea ORETIC) ..<.«. .:...<c0cdsasvaccgoscnceter ae 39 37
| OS Cly yl nr Pee PE TELE 9 6
A. PAFMENTON... .ciscicie-olsis nonce Ore 11 8
15 OEY) ee eae SS 25 23
BYORI sc 0s. adcn th a 11 8
Bm FOTOS foe vcs ocev'ss cd ancicn cusalet Ween ee 8 6s
BP Rookie’... isso wah ee 23 20
J... Gomph.....:..05.. 2nd, eee 31. 29
I) Kretchmaniy® 370'4)..:.)--cnaee aie 23
W. Dillon........... z 4
N. Long. 39 36
C. Graham 9 6
W. Wark....... 16 13
Eo. Start 5.8 eee 25 22
J. Stroud.. blesdqeestealck bose eye 14 11
Géérge StrouGh.. {tise eens 25 23
B.Smythis..033 2h eae 10 4

President vs. Vice-President Shoot.

The President and Vice-President shoot at the
Hamilton Gun Club on Saturday, Jan. 6, was an un-
qualified success and there was a large number out
to enioy the events. The weather was idea! and the
scores were very good considering that the season has
just opened, although there was not a straight score
made in the afternoon which is somewhat unusual.

President Chowate and Vice-President. M. Goodale,
chose teams for a fifty-bird race for which the losers.
had to furnish the dinner for the winners. The sides
were well chosen as evidenced by the total of 467 to
468, the Vice-President selections winning by the
narrow margin of one bird. For the Vice-President
team, W. Marshall and E. H. Sturt put on good scores
of 47 each, while Nelson Long, for the President, put ~
on highest of the event with 48. od

C. Syer_undertook to wrest the challenge medal
from the President, but was unsuccessful, the score
being 24 to 21. H. Lennox has a challenge in for the
next shoot.

E. H. Sturt put on the high total of the atternoon
with 71 out of 75 and Court Thomson was next with
47 out of 50. +E. Harris had 79 out of 85 and W.
Marshall and N. Long-each had 137 out of 150.

After the shoot the members went up to the Royal
Connaught Hote] where the dinner was held. After
a very excellent repast had been served and all had
turned in perfect scores, the usua! toasts were honored.
F. W. Watson replied to the toast to Canada and H.
W. Hunsberry for the visitors. Court Thomson en-
liyened the proceedings with his hunting stories and
everyone present did their part on the programme.
R. McIntosh contributed several solos and R. Brittan ©
was accompanist. The arrangements for both after-
noon and evening were perfect and reflected much
credit on the committee and the hotel] management.

. Shot at. Broke.
Wi Wark. S nate ae ee 8 9
NeeEong2s ae
W. Marshall...
W. Di

4
¥

Armstrong
H. Sturt

ZHOMMOM A> Somme hh

= Rasherrg eee. 6 So ae
G.Thomsan.t, os ut ee

W.-AS

=

*Professionals.

Patriotic Shoot at Port Stanley. ie
The following scores were made at the Patriotic
Shoot, (50 targets for prizes) held on Christmas Day
at Port Stanley.

oo CSV EvTe TT Ea ee ay a 9—38
q 5—48
. 12—43
m 9—40
he
Bets,’ 4—38
if. 0—48
wae 6 A5
a 5—41
oe: 12—44
a 7—A0
. 8—39

32
Chas. N. Hough donated a box of cigars for a 25
Target Team Shoot of 5 men on each side, the proceeds
also to go to Patriotic funds. Following were the

result:s—
be TOP Ea SRE A St EP PA eae ek Gott ER Baha He 21
2 EDT ES ee Ee li ees ene one een 21
LEE SUR Se SS SCE Sei eae ere mene a SE Dh 18
OU STEED eg oa a IS SE Dehn eredeie Scie ae ee a 17
DS PET TLL Ds eS Te 9 RE ry an ne ome aap 13
90
ED Be a Re I 2 ee 20

New Year’s Day Shoot at St. Thomas.
The St. Thomas Gun Club held a shoot on New
Year’s Day. Following are the scores at 25 Targets

21 22 23—89

25 23 23—93

23 24 24—94

23 22 23—91

24 22 23—87

etic 19 24 21—85
“Rae ree 21 23 19—77
aos Loavavnccses 21 20 20—83

By the scant margin of only four birds the Nationals
eat the Creeksides in the opening match of the To-
mto Interurban Trapshooters’ League on the former’s
_ grounds on Saturday afternoon, Jan. 13th. The re-
_ presentatives of each club, based on 25 birds, high
ten men to count, were:—

_Nationals—Vivian 25, Summerhayes 23, C. Jen-
nings 22, J. Turner 21, C. Beare 21, Stauffer 19, Ussher

pees
tied
a

ey el el ele
Oe OOP OONIO® WISI 00

i Col. A. Curran 18, B. Pearce 18, Coath 18; total —

Creeksides—E. S.
Edwards 22, Spiller 20, Christie 20, Peterman 20, Ed

Brown 19, W. Curzon 18, Harrison 18, Cooey 18;
total 200.

The scores of the day’s shooting were: 2

Shot at. Broke.

Col. A. Curran ae Bey,
Cc. Jennings 35 30
GGlarke=- 45 31
GSNivianls. ......cs. 25 2 be
J. Summerhayes 70 62
A. Stauffer........... 3 25
J. Dunbac...... 25 14
B. Pearce 50 35,59
js el SEN) oie: yt ener eee 35 22
Bel eR SSOr ts to Ie es We ane ee 25 19
Tg 03) See pene Cat EES OR ANAL OEE US OR 25 ah itt
1 ARG Oak Ory? ee pe he AE eee CR 25 180%
BAS ad rhe Vel leet ee a iO ieee see week ha wy ered et Bes 21
I Wiaterworking neo) eee ee ee 35 20
OTS) Bcf x Mares Aaa er eae Dey EN Neen Be SET MU 35 29
Hens ME goto 20a. A sto Lee ae 60 42
Ned BOLE ee ON re i ke ae 45 33
Ee PESTO WIGS eee ree eee eee 70 52
PP Motie ee cs Seah i Be aes 45 35
We ual Acorn sysctl ot Fer ae a 45 33
A. Ferg pede Clio Roe ke Ne oe 25 20
Ras MCP WATERS esc ee Ae 25 23
ASE OrISON Tes Ace ot lee Se ee 25 18
ETS AEG E Yn ee as Oe ae ck 50 41
UY SOWA ot cn Fe ee ee 45 32
2 Ena Chon yes el ee 25 20
Poh GOULET coho. sasteocccectd etye ds ooo ee 70 42
ReaGhristies its). 020k a) Ce 35 29
Bie ppeterman 2) Fo eee oe ee 25 20>
3 6 1 ia a ees EP ee Cg War ees oe aed 7 OS 35 28
AAS GDA OMLS ss, 5 ect eee see ee eee 50 35
RG ATS) .o520 Ai Sie eee ee 35 27
NED WM aGuITe 032 n od ee eg 35 20
EIS WV ntee st eS See Se ar eee 25 17

Good Scores Made at Mimico Club.

The Mimico Gun Club held its regular weekly shoot
on Saturday afternoon, Jan. 13.

Browne 23, E. Elliott 22, F.

5

v ry Sy

: 1 AY + uid
ROD AND GUN IN CANADA.

1052

Balmy Beath Hold Their Weekly Shoot.

The regular weexly shoot of the Balmy Beach Gun
Club was 67'd on thir greunds Eastern Avenue, on
Jan. 13th. I was the secord Saturday of the Harris
Cup, anda good turnovt of members anc. friends were
present, an! some good shooting took he in the
spoon shoot. T. F. Hodgson was high. E.G. White
was on hand, and broke 49 out of 50. The special shoot
for the Candee prize was won by T. F. Hodgson with

46 out of 50. Scores:—-

Shot at. Broke.
SOMERS ESOOESON i, (0c decess0acscacechensctiqnvcodevacye 85 72
tS OE SCN Re er eee Rercaeee 95 91°
BRD VALE WY, 2 ck Spe ins, va Gowtendeceadascnseh vest 85 53

TRADE

The Birmingham Small Arms Co.. Ltd., have dis-
tributed among rifle users in this country a sample
tube of B.S. A. “Saftipaste’”? which has become ex-
ceedingly popular in England and in other European
countries because of its efficacy in preserving the bores
of the barrels of firearms. |

The importance of removing the fouling from a
firearm barrel is realized by few outside the circle of
target shots. In advertising and distributing’ the
material to the general body of rifle users the Birming-
ham Small Arms Co., Ltd., believe they are doing a
very good turn because the mere application of the
brush will, without labour, preserve the bore in the
best possible condition.

The Enterprise Mfg. Co. of Akron, Ohio, have issued
a fine new catalogue of Pflueger Fishing Tackle (cata-
logue No. 37). The catalogue is very complete, well
llustrated, and gives the latest quotations for the
numerous products of this well-known firm.

Not far from Pozieres, where fighting
took place, there is a snail farm, where.
escargots—as edible snails are called—are
bred for the Paris market. The snails are
sold by the ‘‘cag,’’ about one hundred thous-
and of them making from eight to ten cags,
according to size and quality.

Snails are immensely prolific, so that a
snail farm once started is self-supporting so
far as the replenishment of the stock goes.

Their food comes to a good deal, though,
for a growing snail is about the most voracious
thing on earth, possessing no fewer than
twenty thousand teeth, and an interior which
is practically all stomach.

Fish farms exist in various parts of Eng-
land. Also rabbit’ and guinea-pig farms,
or “rabitries’” and “‘cavy ranehes,” as their
proprietors prefer to call them.

Queerest of all are the worm farms of
Nottinghamshire, where are bred and reared
the famous ‘“‘Nottingham lobs,’”’ beloved of
anglers. And the worm fancier pays fuily
as much attention to his strange stock—
and is as proud o1 it—as does the dog fancier.

Just like human babies, young animals
are “taught’’ by their parents.

Watch the cat on the rug teaching her
kittens to catch mice and birds by waving
her tail about. Very slowly she draws the

a Na

gi

TA OOog >=
” tat

a
=
os

W.

x

n2h3 Spey

NOTES h

N. R. Davis & Sons of Assonet, Mass., makers oi the
well known and popular Davis Shot Guns have con-
solidated their business with that of the Warner Arms
Corporation makers of the Infallible Automatic Pistol
and Revolvers.

The new firm is known as the Davis-Warner Arms
Corporation and will continue the manufacture of the
two lines under the management of Mr. Rufus P. Davis
who will have the able assistance of Mr. N. J. A.
Fyrberg who is factory manager of the Corporation’s
plant at Norwich, Ct.

The sales will be under the management of Mr.
F. B. Warner who will maintain cffices at 96 Chambers
St., New York City. Mr. Warner, was owner 01 .he
controlling interest of the Warner s Co-porauon
and is also president of the well known selling firm of
Kirtland Bros. in New York City.

ea a,

z .. *
—-— =

tail along; then when the spring and rush
come she flicks the tail away.

A litter of foxes on a moonlight night will —
spend their time in doing the same exercise. “yy
Ail country people have seen a mother
bird—generally helped by the father—en-
couraging her brood to launch forth on the
thin air and trust to their wings. The mo-_
ther bird ilies trom tree to tree, and chirrups

for her b:ood to do litto. :

Bctr ‘nrushes ana blackbirds teach their
young -© catcn the early worm. You may A
see them in spring hopping busily about the
lawn, with a fluffy youngster following hard Py
after them. Every now and then the mother
will stop and listen for a worm, and encourage
the little one to do the same. After a time
he seems to tumble to the fact that he can
find worms for himself.

On a summer evening it is a pretty sight to
see the mother rabbit bringing out her young
family to teach them where to find the sweet-
est herbs to nibble. They go hobbling after
their mother, and she keeps turning back ~
to them, and evidently teaching them to be
self-supporting.

Every shepherd knows how invaluable a
well-trained dog is to the educationofayoung —
and untrained one. Certainly the shepherd —
by patience might train the young dog him- —
self, but if it works in conjunction with
old hand its education is much more }

iin 2
i i i. i ti
Hit |

i

| ( in ‘| |
MIEN

We invite any of our readers desiring information on€doggie matters to send in their

queries to this department.
new registration requirements? Ey
requirements best? Is your dog ailing?

Are you buying a dog; importing one;
Are you in doubt as to what breed of dog would suit your
Any breed you want information on, no matter

do you understand the

what it is you wish to know. we will try and satisfy you and to the novice wefmight say that

we may save you a lot of trouble.

¢ NOTES FROM THE PHILADELPHIA
DOG SHOW

After watching Theodore Offerman and W.

E. Baker, Jr., work over practically the same
_ dogs on two successive Saturdays with such a

surprising difference of opinion apparent from
their decisions, even the experienced breeder
_ may be excused if he wonders a bit as to just
what is the true type of Airedale terrier.

As almost every terrier man now knows,
both the sixth annual specialty show of the
Airedale Terrier Club of America at the Hotel
McAlpin, New York, on December 2, and the
third annual specialty show of the Philadel-
_ phia Airedale Terrier Club at the Bellevue-
_ Stratford Hotel a week later proved that the
_ breed is still among the most popular in the
country. Both fixtures were successful: both

proved that the American breeders and

fanciers, both large and small, are working

earnestly for the advancement of the type and

are getting results.
, Philadelphia had a rainy day for its annual
specialty fixture. The weather probably kept
" away a number of spectators, but it did not af-
_ fect the enthusiasm of the fanciers. While the
_ actual number of dogs entered did not reach
_ the mark of 1915, the average quality of the
_ entrants was probably much higher.

|
5

_ cluding most of those which had appeared in
KD ew York. The blue went to the youngest in

__ Puppy, dogs, found a class of twelve, in-

MU 1033

the class, Nattahnam Headline,!owned by Jos-
eph Dain, Jr. [Second to Headline was
Granite Invader, the New York puppy win-
ner, put down in much better shape than the
previous week. He is a beautifully colored
one, with extreme long, lean head, good
front, hindquarters and coat. He defeated
Invader in head and ears and in general qual-
ity, especially, and lost to him in size and
maturity. Third to Griswell’s Jock. Fourth
to Walter C. Neel’s Dublin Duke, a son of
Mr. Johnson’s Iron Duke, which I believe,
is half-brother to Champion Kenmare Caprice
and Red Starlight. Abrecorn Briar Edge,
third in puppies at New York, failed to place.
Winners in novice, dogs, was a repeat of
New York, with Mr. Knott’s Abrecorn Chief.
Second to a nice sort in Miss Margaret Reed’s
Jock, a son of Champion Gold Heels. He had
a shade on Sandbeck Sentry, owned by Joseph
P. Sims, of Chestnut Hill, although in view of
the vast differences in ages, Sentry might have
earned the red. Fourth to Griswell’s Jock.
American-bred dogs brought out a fine col-
lection. Mr. Offerman got the blue with his
York Safety First. From the descriptions of
this dog’s appearance in Chicago, he was in
much better shape for Philadelphia. Second to
Abrecorn Gold Edge, which Mr. Offerman did
not place at New York. Mr. McCrea was not

’ an),

1054

present on account of illness and Mr. Johnson
showed Gold Edge to advantage. He was put
down in good shape and, although no longer.a
youngster, gave some of his younger competi-
tors a hard run for honors. Third to Kenwyn
Pennant, which is always handled to advan-
tage by Alf Delmont or his assistants. Bingley
Bondsman, winner of the class at New York,
only got the white ribbon. Master Key, his
half-brother, did not even place. Evidently,
Mr. Baker did not like their type, for while
Arthur Button had put down Master Key bet-
ter than he has ever been shown before, Mr.
Baker did not even put the dog on the board.
Mr. Kerns’ Colonel Bogey was another of the
same type, which was passed up. However,
Bogey was not as fit as he might appear.

Limit, dogs, brought another departure
from Mr. Offerman’s way of thinking. Nor-
manton Tipit went over Polam Maxim. The
remainder of the dogs in the class were repeats,
third going to Mr. Height’s Geelong Mar-
velous, a young dog which is constantly on the
improve, and fourth to Granite Invader.

Open, dogs, brought still greater surprises,
Tipit stayed on top with York Safety First,
second; Briergate Rex Persaltum, third; and
Polam Maxim barely pulling through in
fourth. ‘

Winners to Normanton Tipit; reserve to
York Safety First.

Puppy, bitches, found Mr. Havens on hand
- again: with his Kenwyn Virginia. She looked
as smart as ever, although her head might have
been cleaned off a little more. Second to Mr.
Kerns’ Wollaton Radiance, a daughter of
Prince Nobbler which rightfully found much
favor in Mr. Baker’s eyes. Third to Samuel
_Brierly’s Healey Dell, a very taking bitch
which has done considerable local winning
during the past few months. Reuben Wallace
with his Wallace’s Reading Choice was fourth,
a bit smaller than the others and losing to

SIXTH ANNUAL SHOW OF THE AIREDALE
TERRIER CLUB OF AMERICA

The sixth annual show of the Airedale Ter-
rier Club of America was one of the highest
class order; in fact, with a few exceptions the
very best dogs and bitches in the country were
to be seen in the very capacious ring on the
twenty-fourth floor of the McAlpin Hotel,
New York. This vast caravansarie being at
the heart of all that is busy in the metropolis
and get-at-able from everywhere, makes it an

RPM RES MRE Sg it

ROD AND GUNINCANADA

Pa
them in head and hind. Most of the p up

bitches were exceptionally good coated with oe
desirable tan and black saddles.

Novice, bitches, to Mr. Johnson’s Bow Bells,
showing as sweet as could be looked for. Sec-
ond to Dr. A. B. McMullen with Fern Top
Lady, a big daughter of Kenwyn Nattahnam.
Has a very long head with her good body, but
would not show. If she gains this important
asset, she should be heard from in the future.
An Airedale that will not show, regardless of
sex, does not deserve too much consideration.
Third and fourth kept the Philadelphians in
the running with Healey Dell and Wallace’s
Reading Choice.

York S. L., and L., Mr. Offerman’s Chicago
winner, took American breds. Mr. Height was
second with Geelong Soubrette, good long
head and straight front with plenty of bone;
third to Bow Bells and fourth to Bingley
Bashful.

Killarney Tittle Tattle, all the way from
Canada, was first in limit, bitches, although
she was pressed uncomfortably by Bow Bells,
which might well have won here. Third to
Sunshine, owned by Norman MacKenzie and,
to my mind, not as good a bitch as some had
described her previously. Fourth to Lady
Ember, owned by Andrew Sedlak. Will likely
finish too big and coarse.

Open, bitches, furnished no special interest
after Champion Heathcote Enchantress and
Bow Bells had been placed first and second.
Third to Sunshine and fourth to Parnassus
Perfection. je

It looked like winners for Enchantress, but
not after Mr. Baker began to go over them.
He was plainly taken by Kenwyn Virginia and
York S. L. and L. Thepuppy finally got the
rosette with the Chicago winner reserve, a
decision that everybody could not see as it
meant the passing by of Enchantress.

¢

ideal spot for a show of this kind. The dogs
were benched by Spratt’s Patent in the hie
garden, and the ballroom, the floor being cov-
ered over with sail canvas was used as the
judging place. The spacious ring was sur-
rounded by some hundreds of ladies and ce 4
tlemen from East, West, North, South and the ~

Dominion of Canada. Eventually, the judge, —
Mr. Offerman, who officiated with great

Lie Lies?

+
aD
a

all plums to the Goerihe Bander dog, Cham-
"pion -Polam Maxim, property of Norman
- MacKenzie, the dog being in the very capable

hands of Bert Swann, Humber Bay, Ont.
_ It was a great success and roundly applauded
_by the company now half a dozen deep about

the enclosure.

~ The money given at this show was heavy—
the very best in America and probably in the
world; in fact, one would say such was out
and out the case when it is considered there
was no Derby and no Oaks had been arranged
for. Cash prizes of $15, $10, $5 and $3 soon
mount up, and the special list given by mem-
bers numbered thirty-nine and these were of
the value of $50 down. There was lots of big
money specials and the table on which was
displayed a heavy and valuable collection of
silver pots and pans, was, to say the least of it,
imposing. No wonder that the Airedale is so
mighty popular on this continent, since he is
fostered and supported by most responsible
men and women all over the U.S. and Can-
ada.

Mr. Offerman appeared to favor the smaller
sized Airedales when it came to picking out
the afterwards most prominent dogs and
bitches. For Polam Maxim cannot be con-
sidered a big or even a little oversized medium
Airedale, in any way. And the same may be
said about the leading bitch. The Toronto
dog is of the beautifully moulded kind, and
here must be written that every inch and pound
of him is all dog. Firmer dogs on the forefeet
have been seen; but Swann, is too smart a man
at the other end of the lead to be caught nap-
ping and allowing the son of Polam Vanadium
and Narrowdale Nell to be placed at the dis-
advantage his slightly weak pasterns would
effectively land him. Then, again in bitches,
the well known champion, Vickery Aman
Gem, was placed third to Mr. Lehmann’s
Chesney Cherry Circle and Mr. Baldwin’s
Champion Heathcote Enchantress. The big
and first named bitch had to go to the wall
for no other reason one could make out, than
for the fact; that, at times, she turns her fore
toes in a little——ever so little—but, there it
is, notwithstanding her handler, Eland, work-
ed hard at her. Mrs. Crawford said after-
wards that she had expected Aman Gem to
be fourth, a place taken by George S.West’s
quality one, Attleborough Lassie; but, then
the senior partner of the Vickery is so sweet
tempered, utterly unruffled and calm in de-

_ feat, that wild horses would be unable to drag

from her that her own dog was considered
the best by its owner after the judging was over.

property. Then you could walk alon;

head. She ‘could give hale ia
my opinion, and help some of the oth
and allow them to catch up with her ij

back and it Wouldn’t break; and the rib
there—ribs the true frame work of a dog of
the Airedale kind. The Airedale terrier,
my mind, should not be a glorified old-
ioned English terrier, a variety we do no
about now, but he may be best described as
an enlargement of the present day Welsh —
terrier who is of about decent Irish terrier
size. First and foremost the Airedale is the y
biggest and strongest of the class of so callec
terriers—in the case of the Airedale :
misnomer; and he should be kept as a big and —
wading dog able to take his part even in that MG
work generally considered to be a hound’s |
duty, with a good pair of jaws and plenty of ~
bottom thrown into his whole make-up. The
quality of the Airedales, one hundred and nine
of them, was undoubtedly high. Certainly,
there was the old big-ear trouble; but the
fronts, bone, shoulders and good bodies were | {
noticeable on all sides. There was a serious -
falling off in depth of briskets; there was a lack
of heart room; and, as you looked “through” __
a dog’s fore-legs, standing head on to you, a
there was, in some instances, little or no sign of —
the fore part of brisket; indeed, they were
narrow-chested and as weak and ill-developed —
there as an anaemic person and lacking the
formation that portends stamina and an ability
to create and sustain its kind. Some of the
dogs were put down rather bare of coat, anda
few of them started with their tails down. In —
nearly every case this shyness wore off and all, __
more or less, made the most of their dogs.
Ring numbers, always carefully looked after
by Foley, were used and the judging starting
at eleven a.m. finished at five p.m., with an
interval of one hour forlunch. As will be seen
the chief trophies were borne away from New
York and the East generally. Canada and the
Middle West went home with the bacon and
Massachusetts, Pennsylvania and New Jersey
made big holes in the prize money. rf
In the dog puppy class of fifteen, Granite \)
Invader, late Richmond Invader, won for Dr. 4
Nichols and Mrs. Wolf of Port Richmond, N.
Y. It will be remembered that especial atten py
tion was called to the son of the Boyden Ken-_ *
nels’ Kindale Crack and Brilliant in my —
monthly letter and the future predicted for him —
happily has been fulfilled. Invader is a v
nice dog with no staring drawback sav
heavy lug, and goodness knows, that failing

1056

as common nowadays as sorrow. There was a
straight out bid of $500 for this puppy whelped
February 3, 1916. This offer was refused, and
then the purchaser asked that a price be put
on the dog. This sporting suggestion was also
declined which looked very much like flying in
the face of Providence. Anyhow, time will tell.
In novice dogs, E. L. Knott’s Abrecorn Chief
won over H. Ober’s Bingley Bluestreak and G.
S. Elliott’s Berk’s Brigadier. In American-
breds, Mr. Ober’s Bingley Bondsman forged
ahead in a big class. He is very shapely, good
in back, shoulders, legs, feet, but a trifle dirty
in color. The popular Mr. O’Donohue’s beau-
tifully fronted and high-quality Kenwood Pen-
nant, very short of coat and handled by Del-
mont, was second, and W. F. Patterson’s
South Mountain Advance, very nice-shaped
dog, very good in body, bone, legs, feet, al-
though not quite straight or flat enough in
coat, third; Vickery Lodestar, reserve, has
heavy ears; body and color, good. In limit,
dogs, Norman MacKenzie repeated his sea-
son’s success at Albany with Polam Maxim,
noticed above. M. S. Baldwin’s Normanton
Tipit was second. He is a good, big, strong,
reachy, leggy dog; capital timber, front, neck
and length of jaw; wants more depth in
brisket and could have more rise over the back
or rather loins where he is somewhat dipped or
flat. F. C. Wood’s Tintern Star, third, com-
menced as a bad shower; he improved. He
has a high quality head, good neck, nice body,
short back, correct front; he had more length
in fore face than Vickery Vesuvius, reserve,
_ Vesuvius is of a nice stamp with good body.
_ back quarters, neck, generally powerful and
with a nice front. In open dogs Polam Maxim
repeated as did Normanton Tipit. Briergate
Rex Per Saltum, a brine-like name given to
this unoffending son of Karamea Rex and
Karmea Cerebos in England, although the
dog is now owned in the metropolis of the salt
pork industry, Chicago. Rex Per Saltum
was the most beautifully colored dog in the
show. His tan is of a deep mahogany shade
and the black that of the sloe. He is an all-
round good dog, first class in legs, feet and
other essential characteristics of which
Lomas, his handler, made the most. The
reserve dog, R. F. Height’s Champion Gee-
long Cadet, another big winner in England be-
fore this son of Tanglewood Terror and T.
Titama crossed the ocean. Cadet is a very

strong and lusty Airedale; good in body and"

ribs—a development of the girth and brisket
that can be taken as an excellent example of
all that is good and desirable; he is mixed in
color, some tan running up into the saddle;

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA |

i Map iats

ste een sia % ;

x / ¢ WW zr
good head; ear, trifle heavy; better in head ’

than Rex Per Saltum. Now came the winners,
it being clearly Polam Maxim’s race with
Normanton Tipit, reserve.

In bitch puppies, F. C. Havens won with
Kenwyn Virginia, a shapely, short-bodied,
good quartered, boned, legged and footed one
with smutty markings and overdone ears.
Rollingson and Neill’s Accident, second, has
good bone, is trifle weak in head, fair color,
tan not clear, coat not straight; good legs and
feet; she is not flat in skull. G. S. West’s
Gamecock Sweetheart has hardly enough size
for her eleven months; good quality and shape;
light in saddle color; Vickery Fashion was
reserve. In novices, Kenwyn Virginia again
scored, with Russell H. Johnson’s Bow Bells,
second. This bitch has a very long head,
hardly wide enough in skull for Airedale type;
good jaw, bone, legs, feet and hind quarters;
a good shower and better in color than the
winner. J. Robinson Beard’s Lucknow Sequel,
a home-bred one, was third. She is heavy in
ear, good in color, body, shoulders and hind
quarters. She wouldn’t show at first, but
afterwards gained confidence. W. Wood’s
Chester Lass, reserve, is a big ready bitch, with
a long head and nice bone; she’s a poor shower.

In American-breds, O. W. Lehmann won
with Chesney Enticement, bred by M. M.
Palmer. She is by Ch. King Oorang, out of
Rippowang Nancy.
built, very high quality, perfect neck and
shoulders, good fore-face, and rather light in
quantity of coat. H. Ober’s Bingley Bashful,
second, has excellent ribs, good quarters, short
back, nice legs and feet; good color, alth

tan a little light; bit slack over back. Bow Bel-—

tan a little light; bit slack over back. Bow
Bells was third; Lucknow Sequel and Chester
Lass were next in order. In the limit class,
Chesney Enticement repeated, with G. S.
West’s Attleborough Lassie, second; a shapely
high quality, good quartered, rather lightly
built one. F. C. Hood’s Boxwood Lady
Duchess, third, is nice in color, brisket, back,
legs and feet. Same owner’s Boxwood Clissold
Countess, reserve, is leggy and reachy; she
has good ribs and a’nice head. In the open
class, Mr. Lehmann pulled out what proved
to be another winner in Chesney Cherry Circle
a high quality lady with lovely legs and feet;
she wants in depth of body or brisket; nice
ears, well shaped; good head and skull; lovely
shoulders, looking well and a credit to Roberts
kennel manager at the Lake Villa establish-
ment. Champion Heathcote Enchantress
was second for Mr. Baldwin. Young Brumby,

real son of his father, Billy Brumby, the fox as We

Enticement is lightly -

re and Miiachievadis Girl j in tip
z She has a good body, foreface,

; ea plenty big eae: capital quarters.
_ She is all the Airedale and with the power and
_ build of one of stamina writ large all over
: her. Attleborough Lassie was reserve. Then
the Chicago representative, Chesney Cherry
Circle, ran around the company and annexed
‘winners’ with all the valuable plate, etc., that
went with it. Champion Heathcote En-
chantress was then accounted second best

~
=}

\

Among the faces at the Airedale show at ihe
- McAlpin, New York, could be noticed that of

Jack Davies, a wonderfully handy man with a

horse and dog and full of recent experiences in
; matters pertaining to the mighty war now in
_--——s progress. Ever since the outbreak of hostilities
Davies has been on the job, doing his bit, and
more or less bossing the transport of horses for
ib “the Allies. The French Government has given
ay him his papers as a qualified veterinary sur-
| geon and on December 4, Jack Davies, son of a
four times mayor and chief magistrate of
Pi Pontypool, South Wales, again sailed away
hy AS with a cargo of remounts and general utility
CX horses for a Mediterranean port. Our friend
had made eleven round trips, nine to France
and two to Italy. He had handled 11,800
horses up to December 2. Chased by enemy
submarines and voyaging with some of the
roughest and toughest land and water rats in
the shape of humans, Mr. Davies the Vet.,
has, luckily, a good pair of dukes, and these
hecan use. “I never carried a gun or a black-
jack in all my life, and I’m not going to do it
now,” he said. “‘But my hands get beat up
some times. Anyhow, a couple more trips
and then it’s ashore for me again and more
dogs!” And John went out into the night and
probably to whistle for the fair winds and con-
tinued good luck of the adventurousManzman.

Norman MacKenzie of Regina, Sask., is
the owner of Polam Maxim and Sunshine, also
of King Nobblers Double; each are now
champions and were bred in England. Bert
- Swann of Humber Bay, Ont. handles and
th shows these dogs.

Norman Mackenzie, Regina, has purchased
the: Airedale bitch, Marshfield Milkmaid, sec-

KENNEL NOTES

; year, for it is generally conceded that a dog — ee

rough’s Ysiad Squire, fitaks Mrs. Pa
nolds’ Bingley Bandmaster, second.
bitch class, same conditions, Mrs. Sa

Wolf won with Geelong Lucy. The $100 ell
ing class had five entries. Mr. Offe
placed them: Accident, first; Briergate B 2

fourth; Muirgate Peggy, fifth. Bmerg
Bellejoan was claimed at the catalogue pr
early in the day, so it was said—DOGDOM

ond in the open class at the recent Cheetham —
Hill (Manchester) show, England. Itis hoped — y
to make Milkmaid a champion before she
leaves the old country and goes under he
management of Bert Swann at the Parkdale a
Kennels, Humber Bay, Ont.

The English setter, Gunner, which made
such a brilliant showing in the derbys of last
season, began his all-age career in the Con-

As it usually aniees the dog did i” PS.

4y?,

September.
not show the form that was his in his derby _
is in his transition period during the first all- ae
age season and as a rule does not come back oe
to himself until the third season—that is, his — *
second all-age year. Gunner, however, came
to his own much earlier than this for afterthe =
poor showing of the prairies he was taken
south by his trainer, C. H. Babcock, and work-
ed regularly on quail, his next appearance in
competition being at the Georgia trials,inthe =
all-age stake where he won third. The week
following, at the same place, he ran in the '
Continental Subscription stake, in which the
heats are two hours in length, and won the
stake after a very good exhibition of class and
birdwork.

The first annual dog show of the Arkansaw ~ cae
Kennel Club held in Little Rock, November29.
and 30 was a most spsese and plea ee
event.

tains and from the Gulf of Mexico to t
Great Lakes. The policy of good sports
manship prevailed, and the placing of 1

1058

dogs by Dr. J. E. De Mund was well i
The only question was ‘“‘what can we do for
you to make your visit pleasant,’’ which every
member of the club was asking of every ex-
hibitor. The weather was delightful and there
seemed nothing to mar the pleasure of the
event. On Tuesday night prior to the show
a “Coon and Possum” hunt was organized
by “Master of Pot Lickers,” Herman Heiden,
who marshalled a party of exhibitors through
the iimber and demonstrated what an Arkan-
saw Pot Licker can do. T. E. Donlin of
Spratt’s Patent, is still wondering just why
a bear can climb a tree, and a fox cannot, and
if the hounds really knew what they were do-
ing.

The sensational English cocker spaniel win-
ner, Champion Braeside Baron, owned and im-
ported by the Obo Cocker Kennels, Denver,
Colorado, is on a ew months’ visit in the East.
He will be the guest of Mrs. F. C. Bonner, Bon-
ner Cocker Kennels, Geneseo, New York.

If anyone wants to hear a few good stories
about an American’s experience in England
during the wicked times of war, then he had
better buttonhole Russell Johnson, Jr., of
Chestnut Hill, Philadelphia, take him to a
quiet corner and hold him there until he tells
of some of his adventures. He is an owner
of prize fox terriers and Airedale terriers, the
figure and face of the strapping dashing and
slashing Johnson is well known. And it was
this commanding presence, it would appear,
that caused him to be ‘‘pinched’”’ whilst in
Doncaster, England, some time ago. He was
escorted to the police station, put through a
mild form of third degree methods and other-
wise turned inside out, asked all sorts of
questions and generally looked upon as a
person only safe under lock and key in some
dungeon or consumed by a shroud made of
quicklime. The Chestnut Hiller, it appears,
had been eating a hearty breakfast in the
town famous for the St. Leger race-meeting

and butterscotch. On leaving the room two

constables asked the stranger to accompany
them to a private parlor. ‘‘We want to see
your papers,” they said, and, forthwith, the
visitor from Quaker headquarters produced
his passport and other documents. ‘‘Well,’’
they said, “‘and perfectly polite they were
about it,’ remarked our friend, ‘‘a man who
answers your description perfectly, is wanted,
and you will please come with us to the station
and then before a magistrate.’’ Sure enough,
there was Johnson’s description to the T,
“soft collar and all.’ Johnson had some

wanted for some crime, civil or gti aly

was not disclosed, the man diligently searched
for having operated in Scotland. Now the
Philadelphian hadn’t been across the border;
but, of course, the authorities across the way
don’t believe all they hear during these
troublous times. Questioned as to what he
was doing in England, the detained one re-
plied he had been on business first and, having
finished that, he was just running around and
trying to buy a good dog or two. “Dogs!”
ejaculated the magistrate. ‘‘What do you
know about any Doncaster dogs—what did
you require here?’ “‘O, I went to see an old
acquaintance of mine, Jack Holgate—have
met him before in America!’’ continued the
interrogated suspect. “‘So you know Holgate?
Inspector, you’d better telephone Holgate
and find out if he knows anything about a
mian named Russell Johnson of Chestnut Hill,
Philadelphia, United States.’”’ Of course, Jack
Holgate did and Russell Johnson was a free
man and all because, gentle reader, he had
been to see a man about a dog!

Russell Johnson_was asked to tell about the

purchase of the wire-haired 1ox terrier, Drum- |

fire, bought in quick shot time on the date of
the People’s Palace show in London. Drum-
fire was at this event and immediately spotted
by the American, who at once commissioned
W. Duffy, a well known North of England
dogman, now residing in London, to “go and
get that dog.”’ It appears the owner was not
at the show, but an address was found at
which it was likely he could be found. ““Coom
wi’ me,” cried Duffy, and out they taxied to

Golders Green, where they found the man who |

when at home lived somewhere on the Isle of
Wight. It was not long before Drumfire
belonged to Mr. Johnson, and he was evi-
dently just a day or so ahead of the market,
for when Drumfire’s late owner returned to
his own habitation it was to find fifteen
telegrams making bigger and larger offers for
the dog than had been given by the man trom
Philadelphia. So the “‘Coom wi’ me”.
responsible for Drumfire’s early arrival in this
country, is the opinion of Russell Johnson.
It is now history that Drumfire won in the
limit dog class at the show ot the Wire Haired
Fox Terrier Club, New York, Dec. 1, 1916.
He also ran reserve to Ridgeway Salonica,
George Quintard’s new and imported bitch.
for best at this event in the two limit sections,

The object of the Airedale Club of Canada

and.the Airedale Club of America is to pro- 4 |

was -

ding o
nd tas all i in its power to protect and ad-
vance the interests of the breed. That these
objects have been to some extent realized is
attested by the popularity of the Airedale
to-day.

““Airedales twenty years ago were rarely seen
- in this country, and at shows they were almost
unknown. They now lead the other breeds in
registration with the Kennel Clubs and
in numbers of entries at shows. Each year
_ sees a steady increase in the popularity of the
Airedale, and if an explanation for this is
sought, it can be found in the qualities possess-

ed by this largest and best of the terriers.”

Notes it the Kennel Editor.

We have had enquiries from B. C. as to the
training of hunting dogs, especially on bear
and :rom Eastern Canada, enquiries as to
the training of retrievers. In our March

Never Shoot Till You Have Made Sure You
Know at What You Are Shooting.
Editor, ROD AND GUN :—

The following account will serve to illustrate
the care that should be exercised by sports-
men to prevent shooting accidents.

A number of us were out hunting deer one
day some years ago. We had tracked the big
buck for a long time and at last found that the
deer was following us. We were in a large
: thicket at the time of this discovery so we
ra} concealed ourselves and waited for it to come
up. Soon we heard the twigs cracking in the
thicket, footsteps came closer and I raised my
gun ready to shoot at the moving object.
With my finger hard on the trigger we waited.
The bushes moved, I aimed at the edge of the
thicket and—out stepped ““The Minnesota
Timber Cruiser.” His hands flew up in a
" flash when he saw the guns covering him.
“Thumbs up! he said.’ I swung the gun

away when I saw it was a man.
This was a lesson to me, not to point a gun
till actually seeing the game.

Another.time when on the prairie a friend
of mine was working for afarmer. Their dog
had been making a fuss all night and in the

J acksox St., Kansas City, Mo. for a copy of
the Modern Airedale which gives information
on bear hunting. Price $1.25.

The illustrated Souvenir Christmas number
of the “Dog World” of Chicago is to hand ‘
As the “Dog World’’-is only a year old this
number certainly takes the first puppy cs
in special numbers. = a

a

A Scotch sentry had considerable trouble __
with a batch of German prisoners whofbe- —
haved in a high-handed manner. On being
reprimanded, one of the latter, drawing him- |
self to his full height,exclaimed: ‘“‘Don’t you
know I vos a Pomeranian?” ‘“‘It disna matter
if ye were a Newfoundland,” was the answer;
“‘ye’ve got tae gie in tae the British bulldog.”

morning when he went to feed the stock he
saw a big lynx and running after it stabbed it
in the back. The lynx turned and began to —
claw up the handle. The poor fellow was —
scared to death. Imagine a big lynx trans-
fixed by a pitchfork and then attempting to
make its way up the handle while his em-
ployer stood by holding his sides with laughter.
However the lynx was soon put out of its
misery.

ioe Yours truly.

Arrow Park, B. C. J. Knox.

Rod and Gun an Old Friend.
Editor, ROD AND GUN :—

I have much pleasure in again enclosing
$1.50 to renew my subscription to Rod and
Gun.

I think that the older we get the more do
we appreciate our friendships and Rod and
Gun’s monthly visit is surely like that of an
old and valued friend. My best wishes, friend,
to you for a Happy and Prosperous New Year. iy

I remain,
Yours sincerely,
Wm. Pratt.

Richmond Hill, Ont.

repulsive to the lay visitor.

- Crotales, or rattlesnakes.

There is a garden in Brazil which-is very
Maintained
purely for scientific purposes, it is located
at Butanta, and occupies about seven hun-
dred acres. There are laboratories which
produce serums for the cure and prevention
of the effects of snake-bites. The snakes
used in preparing the serums are kept in a
small park, containing numerous dome-shaped
shelters, which is surrounded by a wall and
a ditch filled with water. Other specimens
are kept in a similar park near the main
building, in order that their habits, favorite
food, the divers venomous properties of
various species and the best methods of es-
caping their attacks may be studied. The
hot and moist forests of Brazil contain many
venomous serpents, but the slightest noise
alarms the peaceful and timid reptiles, which
attack only those persons and animals that
tread on them or destroy their lairs. The
principal families are the Bothrops and the
Tubes of serum,
with hypodermic syringes, are sent gratuitous-
ly from the laboratories to hospitals, munici-
palities, and poor patients. Others are sold
at low prices or exchanged for live snakes.
Serums for pest, diphtheria, and tetanus are
also produced.

Concerning the breathing apparatus of
the whale, an eminent naturalist says: “‘The
wind-pipe does not communicate with the
mouth ; a hole is, as it were, bored right
through the back of the head. Engineers
would do well to copy the action of the valve
of the whale’s blow-hole; a more perfect piece
of structure it is impossible to imagine. Day
and night, asleep or awake, the whale works
his breathing apparatus in such a manner
that not a drop of water ever gets down into
the lungs. Again, the whale must of neces-
sity stay a much longer period under water
than seals; this alone might possibly drown

=~ =e

1060

him, inasmuch as the lungs cannot have access
to fresh air. We find that this difficulty has
been anticipated and obviated by a peculiar
reservoir in the venous systém, which reser-
voir is situated at the back of the lungs.”

In Japan there is a great oyster tarm where
the bivalves are taught to make pearls. It
was Dr. Mikimoto, a well-known scientist,
who conceived the idea that oysters might
be educated and made to work for man.
After many years of costly experimentation
he discovered the method in use to-day.

The farm has an area of about fitty square
miles, and the water varies in depth trom
five to tifteen fathoms. The farmer selects
the spots where the larvae of oysters are
most numerous and then he plants small
rocks and stones. These are soon covered
with oyster-spat. They are then removed
and placed in special beds, where they lie
undisturbed until the third year.

An oyster will not produce a pearl unless
it be irritated by some foreign substance.

As soon as it feels this it proceeds to cover

it with nacre, layer on layer, until after a few
years it has made a pearl. When large
enough the oysters are taken from their beds
and carefully opened; a tiny speck of some
foreign substance is introduced into their
bodies, and they are replaced in the’ sea.

By the end of from three to five years the ,

oyster has coated the foreign substance with
nacre and this has become a pearl.

All the work on this oyster farm is done»
by women, who bring the oysters up and

down by diving. ,

If the contributor who was good enough
to send us ““Magaguadavic and Digdeguash:
Lines by D. E.’’ will be good enough to send
us his name and address we will forward copies
of the magazine containing these verses.

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LANDING A BLACK BEAUTY NEAR HONEY HARBOUR

EXCHANGE DEPT.

ACCESSORIES

FOR SALE—Set of Electric automobile lamps, two side
and one tail. Never beenused. Box L, ROD AND GUN
Woodstock, Ontario. TF

ANTIQUE FIREARMS

ANTIQUE pistols, blunderbus-
ses, cross bows, fine perfect.
Armour, swords, daggers. °
catalog. Good oe
requirements. en, The Fa-
cade, Charing Cross, Londen,
Eng. 12 2T

Buy, sell, exchange all sorts old-time and modern Fire-
arms, Stephen Van Rensselaer, Antiques, 22 East 34th
St., New York. 6-14T

OLD COINS WANTED

$2 to $500 EACH paid for hundreds of Coins.
Keep all money dated before 1895
and send 10c for New Illustrated
Coin Value Book, size 4x7. You
may have coins worth many dol-
lars. Get Posted. Clarke Coin Co., Box 134,
Leroy, N. Y.
BIRDS AND ANIMALS
FOR SALE—Best quality ranch raised mink,

Canada wild geese.
Edward Island.

WILD ANIMALS—Correspondence solicited with
Parties interested in Fox Ranching or in purchasing or
selling stock. Blake Vanatter, Georgetown, Ont. J.t.f

Sen nn Rt
_FOR SALE.—Silver Black and Patch Foxes; pairs or
single; also some Reds from black litters. Write your

wants and get description and! ow price.“ T. R. Lyons,

Waterville, Kings Co., N. S. 7K

also
Nelson Waldron, Tyne Valley, prs

FOR SALE—Pet coon, raised in captivity, dark fur, price
$12. Roy Eidt, Port Elgin, Ont.

DOGS.

HIGH CLASS PEDIGREED English Beagles, all
ages. None better. Also five ferrets. 3c stamp for
reply. L. Murray, Harrow, Ont. 2-2T

FOR ae ec pony high class Irish Water
ae 5 months’ old, by Champion Imported Bally-

ler Mike ex Lady Venus she litter sister to Hooker Oak
Hogan, winner at the last San Francisco Show. What
better do you want. Get busy. Guaranteed. H. R.
* French, Wetaskiwin, Alta.

TRAINED HOUNDS—Norwegian bearhounds
Irish wolf hounds, Blood hounds, Foxhounds,
Deer, Cat, Wolf and Coon dogs. Absolute guar-
antee, trial allowed, purchaser alone to judge,
no questions asked, money refunded. fatty page
illustrated catalogue five-cent stamp. Rook-
wood Kennels, Lexington, Ky. 12 tf

The Blue Grass Farm Kennels of Berry, Ky., offer for
sale setters and pointers, fox and cat hounds, wolf and deer
hounds, coon and opossum hounds, varmint and rabbit
hounds, bear and lion hounds. Also Airedale terriers.
All dogs shipped on trial, purchaser alone to judge the
BEADry. Satisfaction guaranteed, or money refunded.

6 page illustrated, instructive and interesting catalogue for
ten cents in stamps or coin. yu

FOR SALE, WANT AND

Advertisements will be
inserted in this Department
at 4c. a werd. Send re
mittance with erder. Cepy
should net be later than
the 10th of the month.

BOOK ON

DOG DISEASES
And How to Feed

Mailed free to any address by
the Author

H. CLAY GLOVER CO., Inc.
Dog Remedies | 118 West 31st Street, New York

MANGE Eczema, ear canker, goitre, cured or no
charge. Write for particulars describing the
trouble, Eczema.Remedy Company, Hot Springs, Ark.
10TF

AIREDALES FOR, SALE—Exceptionally high class
puppies ready for delivery, sire. Stormy-Weather, dam,
Topsy-Turvy. Write for booklet if interested. B. Wel-
bank, Quill Lake, Sask. poe |

FOR SALE—Splendid Llewellin, English, Irish, Gordon
setter pups and trained dogs, bp spaniels and re-
trievers in pups and trained dogs. Enclose stamp for -
description. ‘Thoroughbred Kennels, Atlantic, Iowa. tf

WANTED .—No. 1 fox hound, rabbit proof. Age and:
color, sold subject to trail. W. O. Dixon, Cee
Ont. 21

FOR SALE.—Tolling Dogs (or Little River Duck Dogs).
Three litters of puppies. Thesé dogs are the greatest du
dogs in the world. Will toll the wildest ducks within range.
Finest retrievers from either land or water. We own all
the bitches of these dogs in the world, and now offer
puppies for sale for the first time. For particulars write
H. A. P. Smith, care Tolling Dog Kennels, Box 383
Digby, N. S.

FOR SALE.—Setter dog, 2 years old, black, white and
tan. A handsome fellow. Good quail dog: ss of
speed $25.00. J. M. Shaw, Forest Ont. 2T

Pointer Bitch, 3 years old. Lemon and white. Good
partridge and woodcock dog, splayed, a handsome little
bitch, well house broken, $20.00. J. M. Shaw, Forest
Ont. 22T

FOR SALE.—Beautiful, registered, Setter Bitch, one
year old. Apply J. W. Harris, Arner, Ont. 215

AT STUD.—English Beagles Bandit R. and Fabian R.
sons of famous Champion Shannon Bandit. They have
and type, are hunters and are registered. Fee $10.00.
RK. A. Richardson, Chatham, Ont. 21k

FOR SWLE.—Cheap registered Airedale puppies, fine
specimens, champions on both sides. Write if interested.
A. H: Hawkins, Listowel, Ont. 227

»

AIREDALES and water spaniels a specialty, from the
best breeding and working stock. Canuck Kennels (Reg)
Lindsay, Ont. 2Aa

FOR SALE.—Springer spaniel bitch pup. This breed
was .1ormerly known as Norfolk spaniel. Five months’ old,
liver and white, beautifully marked, pure bred from
imported hunting stock, a fine big boned bitch for breeder
or will make good in pens heavy country or marsh.
Twenty-five dollars. Hoyes Lloyd, 11 Swanwick Ave., —
Toronto. 21S

FOX TERRIERS q ¢

Wirehaired, bred from Winners, two Bitch pupp
whelped in April. Also one yearling Bitch. Any of thi
should soon be in season. Prices from $15 to $25. C
L. Newburn, 65 Markland St., Hamilton, Ont.

es
—

aga ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

TNE See ae

ENGINES AND LAUNCHES.

FOR SALE—Marine Engines, two cycle, two, three and
four cylinder, also 2 cylinder 4 cycle. All new. Write for
further particulars stating horse power required, to box L.
ROD D GUN, Woodstock, Ont. TF

FOR SALE—23 ft. Semi-speed launch, beam 4 feet
3 inches, finished ready for engine. This is a new launch,
» mow ready for delivery. For further particulars, etc.,
_ write Box F. Rod and Gun, Woodstock, Ont. tf

4 FOR SALE—Semi Speed Square, or Round Transom
and Pepppromise stern Hulls, finished ready for engine, up
_ to 30 ft. length. New. Will sell cheap. Box A. Rod and
_ Gun in Canada. Woodstock, Ont. TF

eae eee a
; FOR SALE.— \‘otor Boats. White pine and oak hull,

sound, justh. led out. 30ft.x4ft. 3in. V bottom type
' will take #40 cash or exchange for hammerless 12 ga’
Winchester Pump gun or .25 cal. H. P. Savage rifle. Geo.
Goodwin, Lindsay, Ont.

MOTOR BOATS.—Engines and canoes. Second hand
bargains. Ditchburn pleasure boats, pl ar ct tight
24

GUNS

A BARGAIN IN SHOT GUNS

I have been able to get hold of a few
PERFECTLY NEW, THOROUGHLY
TESTED, TOBIN _ Double-barreled
Hammerless Shot Guns at a very low
price. Regular $35.00 grade! can let
you have for $20.00, cash with the
order, or C. O. D. with privilege o
examination. -:- -i- -i- -i-

W. H. MARTIN
SPORTING GOODS DEALER, - WEODSTOCK, ONT.

SPECIALS

TRAPPER POISON.—Use Goes’ Liquid Poison Cap-
sules: kill animals on spot. Eleventh season in market
with excellent results. Write for free circulars. Edmund
Goes, Milwaukee, Wis., Station C. Mention this aie

FOR SALE OR TO LET.—Leases shooting and fishing
reserve in the Laurentide Mountains ten lakes and twenty
miles land, log house all furnished, 4 boats and canoes, fine

_ deer country, ideal place for club in the wilderness, easy
- aecess. J. F. Longtin, St. Remi, P. Q. ZF

CANADIAN BLACKBIRD TARGETS—Yellow or
white bands, five-fifty per thousand. All black, five-
twenty-five per thousand. Closer prices in lots over five
thousand. Also Western Automatic and Expert Traps.
Nelson Long, Hamilton, Ont. pA (5

SPECIALS
Psoriasis, , goitre,
ECZEMA— old sores, catarrh, aecruft are

eyes, rheumatism, neuralgia, stiff joints, piles, cured or
no charge. Write for particulars and free sample. Eczema
Remedy Co., Hot Springs, Ark. 10 TF

FOR SALE—Several Beers Thermostats. This isan
automatic apparatus for opening and closing the dampers of
your furnace, hot water heater, or steam boiler, at exactly
the moment when they should be opened or closed, thus
keeping the temperature of your house uniform through
every hour of the day and night. Savescoal. Saves worry..
These Thermostats can be installed by anyone who can
handle a hammer, screw driver and auger. Write for fur-
oe particulars to Box L.. ROD AND GUN, Woodie

nt.

AND QUNS

RAI AT FACTORY PRICES.
highes

phe CDT CE TORY PRICES. Write tor ERE
on ALS, TRAPPERS’ GUIDE, and Far Price List.
E. A. STEPHENS & CO., 240 Stephens Bullding, DENVER, COLO,

FOR SALE—Finest speckled trout eges. fry, fingerlings,
etc., at the private hatchery of Dr. A. R. Robinson, Silver
Creek, Caledon. Address A. R. Robinson, Claude, Ont.

MEDICINAL PLANT BOOK—tells you the last word
about gathering roots and herbs used in preparing medicine,
War prices and addressing buyers, postpaid only 20c.
Twitchell Company, West Milan, N. H. 245

MARRY—lIntroductions by mail; many wealthy mem-
bers; confidential; reliable; description free. Reliance Club,
B-376, Los Angeles, California.

TAXIDERMY AND TANNING

FORTY YEARS MANUFACTURER GLASS EYES
FOR BIRDS AND ANIMALS. Save money Send
to-day for my Taxidermist’s Supply Catalog No. 7. F.
»chumacher, 285 Halladay St., Jersey City, N. J. 12 6t

FOR SALE—Pair white swans, fully mounted. Will
ro cheap forcash. Box L., ROD AND GUN, Woodstock
nt.

FOR SALE—Moose Head, fine ae excellent con-
geon. Apply Box L., ROD AN GUN, Weed
nt.

FOR SALE—Handsome Moose Head.

Apply Box T.,
ROD AND GUN, Woodstock, Ont. TF

FOR SALE—Mounted largest steer horns in America
spread almost 8 feet. Two Michigan, one fallow deer
heads and 140 pair Buffalo horns. Dog World, 1333 S.
California Ave., Chicago. 21T

FISHING TACKLE.

~ FOR SALE—Several Fly and Trolling Rods, absolutely
new. Will sell cheap. Box L. ROD AND GUN, Wood-
stock, Ont. TF

All About Airedales

By R. M. Palmer

A Book of General Information
Valuable alike to dog lovers and owners,
breeders and fanciers. IHustrated from
selected photographs of noted dogs and
rare scenes. Interesting alike to the nov-
ice who is a fancier of other breeds than
the Airedale and of particular interest to
the Airedale fancier.

Paper Bound $1; Cloth Bound $1.50

ROD AND GUN IN CANABA MAGAZINE

(Book Department), WOODSTOCK, ONT.

#4 Mink, Skunk, “Coon,” Rabbits, ete,

with

brings Illustrated Trappers’
Guide. It tells how. Giving
the first time in print the treasured secrets of
the wisest old trappers 'n this country, it’s
worth dollars to you.

TRAPPERS’ SUPPLY CO.
BOXC. - - - OAK PARK, ILL,

1064

Bi thels uk Ate BOP ae 28 Cel

ROD AND GUN IN y CANADA

of This Reference Book, Price $1.25

If you own a motor boat or ever expect to, you should se be bg pm a sors of bore

ome hg te och $1.25, oe ba worth canaot t be estimated : beat — by
ee at and engine manufacturers, mo Sabloations | Ak t s ec
largest firm of marine engine im the world po Ne 2 a copy of Motor Craft

: “We never expected that such a usef
Instead of $1.25 you eught to charge $5. oO e information it contains

MOTOR CRAFT ENCYCLOPEDIA

The Standard Hand Book on Beats and Engines

— in popular ge from a non-technical standpoint. a ever 150
pages of valuable inberiation’ Twenty-seven chapters, ph yas fa phase of motor

ating. Tells a thousand-and-one things every motor boatman should know. Helps you
to overcome all moter boat and engime troubles. Handsomely illustrated and b oun ae
attractive three-color stiff board cover. A useful reference book for any library.j

SUMMARY OF CONTENTS,

The history of the internal combus- esc signals.
tion motor. bor regulations
Explanation of two amd feur-eycle ti! “S. Life Sa elie Signals.
motor. National Motor Boat Bill.
Internal combustion motor auxiliar- Meo to do in case of accttent
ies and their functions. Rules for determining horse pew
How to operate an internal combus- How to lay up boat and engine or
tion motor. the win
Engine trouble How to remove carbon Bias and
Propeller wheels. other useful receipts
Reversible equipment. How to build a motor ice boat.
Furnishings and fittings. Dictionary of Motor Craft terms.
Navigation rules.

TROUBLE CHART—Enables you to locate any ordinary engine trouble with dispatch
“WHERE TO GET WHAT YOU WANT” SECTION

This is a sr Bip useful feature for anyone interested in the purchase of a motor boat or equipment. It ae a
elassified index of manufacturers and supply houses of everything needed by the motor boatman. Tells w
get what you want. Describes and illustrates many of the latest and best things on the market.

Address Orders to Book Department W. J. TAYLOR, LTD., PUBLISHER, Woodstock, Ont.

Encyclopedia, said
be published.
is invaluable.

The evolution ofthe motor boat. _
Various types of motor boats in

common use.

The Built to Order, Stock and Knock
Down Boat.

How to select a motor boat.

Points to be observed in buying a
second-hand boat.

Hew to coger’ a motor boat.

Smoothing off and calking.

How to we a motor boat.

Hew to install a marine motor.

eS AND HOW TO
BUILD THEM”

Every Auto owner is vitally interested in the subject of where to keep his machine. ?
The most convenient place is on your own property in a private garage, the
architecture of which is in keeping with your house.

This large 158-page book is the only one of its |

kind and shews a standard collection of New,

Original and Artistic designs for up-to-date Priv- ‘|

ate and Public Garages adapted to Frame,
Brick, Stone, Cement, Stucco, or Concrete Cop-
struction, together with Estimates of Cost.

55 DESIGNS OF GARAGES are shown by per-
spective views and floor plans giving dimensions,
etc.- Also remarks on Garage Construction,
explaining the advantages o1 each form of con-
struction and giving details about the manner of
erection, selection of materials, hints on super-
vision, etc.

There is also an extensive chapter on Garage
Equipment and Accessories in which is des-
cribed the construction and operation of turn
tables; gasoline storage and pumping; oil cabin-
ets; constructing a repair bench and tool cabin-
ets; lockers; rules to prevent freezing of water
in cylinders, radiators, etc.; washing apparatus;
lighting apparatus; etc.

It is just the book to give you important points
and ideas if you are about to build a garage. Its
information will save you money.

A Brand New Book, Elaborately Illustrated, Artist-

ically Bound, Price $1.00, Postpaid.
W. J. TAYLOR, LIMITED, WOODSTOCK, ONTARIO

Rene

ddress:

y
a

No Motor Boatman Should Be Without a Copy |

ROD «GUN

IN-CANADA

MARCH, 1917 FIFTEEN CENTS

nn &H

D*

aes <= 3 Py SS <
APHSOIDI/ .— )!

in, soci Wy

wcEtSIFY SFY OF; ah 08S

“The Treacherous Snow”

W. J. TAYLOR, LIMITED, PUBLISHER,

=

wooDs @

1859

SCOTCH WHISKEY |

Six Per
Case. Bots Bot.
Wright & Greig’s Premier ...$17.00 $9.50 $1.75
Walker's Kilmarnock .............. 17.00 9.50 Wari
Dewar’s Special Liqueur........ 18.00 10.00 1.90
John Haig’s Gold Label.......... 20.00 11.00 2.00
White Elorse.... [ii ee tan 17.00 9.50 C75
Bese’s White Gap <........5...-...)17.00 9.50 1275
PEP CUiONn cock teense ees 17.00 9.50 75
Old F Mia ao 8 kn A ees 17.00 9.50 E75
Dewar’s Blue Label................. 17.00 9.50 1.75
Wright & Greig’s Roderick
Dp Faun Se ee cco Bae eee 16.00 9.00 1.60
Dewar’s Special....... ey eee 16.00 8.50 1.60
RainenGeurede sliver snc 16.00 9.00 1.60
Whyte & Mackay’ Site nee 16.00 9.00 1.60
Buchanan’s Red Seal.............. 16.00 9.00 1.60
Gilbey’s Three Gees. ................ 15.00 8.50 1.50
GlaneMcEheods nc....0s: 4 -attesiscsss: 12.00 7.00 1.25
PROG ANS CUA Gi oe ccs- seen cscs abe cs eee 12.00 7.00 1225
IMPERIAL QUARTS
Maitehe lh sre ke a ck es $21.00 $11.50 $2.00
Balmoral Glenlivet . - 10.00 1.90
House (of Lords seg 020.2. e- os 8.50 1.60
Donald Campbell’s' Three
Whistle. oi eee 16.00 8.50 1.60

MITCHELL’S HEATHER DEW

““Sopares,) 2) Gallons tO Gase era. .ces.ccecsets-caeeeesns $15.00

DRAUGHT SCOTCH

Grolwale Spel al i ecaeev seco ee ae eines aennncneesseces
Bens NC@vVis::. os Aso s.cetiss-- eres
Donald Thompson

IRISH WHISKEY

Six Per

Case. Bots. Bot.

Burke’s Three Star....:...........:: $16.00 $9.00 $1.60
Jamieson’s Three Star. 19.00 10.50 1.90
Power’s Three Swallow 18.00 10.00 1.90

IMPERIAL QUARTS

Six Per

Case. Bots. Bot.

Mitchell’s Ue Pox ences ce vatire seas $21.00 $11.50 $2.00

Keegan’s 8 Crowiis = 6 oe 21.00 11.50 2.00
Maurice Farrell’s ‘‘Black-

Chor. xe ete eee 16.00 8.50 1.60

Fine Old “Blarney Castle’’.... 16.00 8.50 1.60

Burkes: 3. SEAT n oe 21.00 11.50 2.00

MONTREAL

Reference: Over Half a Century Successful Trade with the Ontario Public

S-E-R-V-I-C-E

As we use the term, means taking care of your order, sending you exactly

what you ordered, properly packed by the quickest despatch possible—without
trouble to you, without delay. We Guarantee SAFE AND SURE DELIVERY or Money Refunded

» LIMITED

Lotz

GIN—-HOLLAND

15 Six Per

Bots. Bots. Bot.

John De Kuyper’s Quarts...... $21.00 $10.00 $1.75
Square Face, Quarts, d

Reliable osi.c3. eee 18.00 8.50 1.50

John De Kuyper Gin, 2 gallons to case, $12.00,

12 bottles.

GIN—-BRITISH
GORDON’S DRY, BURNETT’S DRY.

1 bottle.

6 bottles
1 ‘bottle 2.455000. os ee

| CANADIAN WHISKEY

Six Four Three

Case. Bots Bots. Bots.
Walker’s Rye.................. $8.50 $4.50 $3.60 $2.75
Walker’s Imperial ........ 9.50 5.50 4.00 3.25
Walker’s Club :........:...... 12.00 7.00 5.00 4.00
Six Three

Case. Bots. Bot
Gooderham’s? Rye «-....%..,..- $9.00 $5.00 $3.25
Gooderham’s Special ................ 11.00 6.00 3.50
Seagram’s One Star .................. 8.50 4.75 275
Seagram’s Three Star .............. 10.00 5.50 S25)
Seagram’s ‘‘83”’ 11.00 6.00 3.50
Seagram’s White Wheat 3 6.00 3.50
Royal Rye... 28 ae Ss 5.00 3.25
Royal. Reserve ins 8ec-5 esses eweseen es 6.00 3.50
Two

DRAUGHT Gal. Gals

Gia WeSpecialin. 2 Atco ees : :

Walker’s Old Rye
Walker’s Imperial

Walker?siGinnh .. oa ae nee oe 3 y
Seagram’s 40 u.p. Rye or Malt.............. 4.00 7.50
Seagram’s 25 u.p. Rye or Malt.............. 4.50 8.50
Seasra mis 683 Cae ies cence rscr. csaceccee aveeeee eee 5.25 9.50
Seagram’s White Wheat........................ 5.25 9.50

BRANDY
Six Per
Case. Bots. Bot
Hennessy or Martell’s

One ‘Stan si wakes $21.00 $12.00 $2.25
three: Star xe 225-00 13.50 2.50
Jaubert Three Star........ 12.00 7.00 125
Jules Robin & Co.’s....... 18.00 9.50 1.75
Bouveleau & Co.’s........... .... 18.00 9.50 1.75
Eaupin’s, 10) years ct. eas 15.00 8.00 1.50
Tesson (three stars) .............. 13 00 7.00 1.25

EXPRESS PAID ON ALL ORDERS OF FOUR BOTTLES AND OVER.

WOODS LIMITED,

Use Express, Bank or Post Office Orders if possible. Register

Remittance must accompany all orders.

17 St. John St., MONTREAL

Harry C. Hatch, Gen. M’g’r.

North and West of North Bay, including Sault Ste. Marie, add 50c per
North and West of Sault Ste. Marie add $1 per package. Cut Ad. out for future reference.

letters when money issent. -
package.

Woodstock Ontario, March, 1917

Publishers are warned not to reprint contents, wholly or in part, without fuil credit attached.

ine Raeetes sore

MARCH CONTENTS

Ree Wat MNT EN NTS eR AA Ce. oe Ree cha ec asaucadee Sencpandecst DR Jean Stevinson 1065
Sue ADVICES Wl A RAT IVCSS ie cy 2c ss. ccscha se cxabevdescacyues ssScivvevequnrvsorueuey Wm. McMullen 1068
Ge PETTAD a Pi aARINL os: So ete yb RAR ean oi i ae 2 i ee 1071
The Treacherous Snow: King of the’ PIG SAVARD a0 rss. ee A Williams 1072
PAVE ERIE ete SO OUESIINATI See ct tii uri tae trae Loek COEN ees oe ad i eeet H. C. Haddon 1075
Recta race ATI SEL ELOI SAWN OUD. cise se roee ie eet ee wa os aae aoa cece lisp suo uctueeRcueeb ches R. J. Fraser 1079 —
GEE CA WN INEGI ARC LATIN cot Soe eras be tiicks Sathish evenceevercustasees Ae Se ALL P. W. Parkinson 1081
SURMR MERE RECTOR HAN ON GABE 2 20h r (cto) co dces ccaunsstcedadls ven acvacbans dcbieresscrageons J. A. McKinnon 1083
Outing Of The Mountain Club at High Falls on The Madawaska.......... A.C. B. 1085
mRNA a Feo iN cies alco, pee V ud sansa caSasea etal nates. toes; Speeartond Gordon Dana _ 1088
wecritant or the Star Hunting: Club. .c22.0 i... cisegstvenscsecceces Wm. Hickson 1090
eerie Mab WW aS® DDTROQ OMG... 5.6) dec ncctenesecesccanvegsvabeevateontbocvsaes E. J. McVeigh 1092
SSS SON aE ea AMES SS Eee ares hor ee ee E. V. Howe 1095
SHES PeTLAINING 10. COMSELV ALON: 86 226 s22. oo. 5. snccuoe ui jenaachabe pnacssicc sueissccospaer ae 1096
The Problem of The Moose on The Miramichi................ F. Arthur MacKenzie 1100
MIMS ERNE F200. Co cried ON greatest ees eta dhlhs vuudldes bebe ale cde oes Robert Page Lincoln 1101
Mossback Went a-Fishing...............0......008 SAAN eR REM ORRE elegant AR ““Mossback”’ 1122
eeeimmremn es UIP RE PAT) IN GLEN 2 a. 55.20s.0cs baccenndatescisescescstneosenanevs Chas. Eymundson 1124

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ae iS Ue 6 0s 0 1 ee ae Oe ea 2 a A ere PARTE Ma ST 1128
Guns and Ammunition—

CSTE TTA: OR oy Gr ae G02 (3 oe: ea ta eo Lieut. Townsend Whelen 1132
ete ad eh ASTON VOT, SI AIBC aroha oy Se Passe ates sv ncesysdcocenssuaacantyuers E, J. Nilrah 1140
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ReerR ORs Wee PPO cr eee ce ise ace canes seep ne eet aia cu naeivsiap-rerelinsende saresv'eraceentotpaniags 1150
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Letter Box...

Medicine ao.

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Entered Feb. 17, 1908 at the Post Office at Buffalo, N.Y., as second-class matter under Act ef
March 8, 1908.

8 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

De Luxe
Silk Wound

FLY ROD

No picture and no description can do™*
justice to this new development in rod
Making. It is an evolution which is revol-
utionizing popular conceptions in regard to
high priced rods. The; principle upon which
we have developed this new rod ts to make the
highest quality SPECIAL “Bristol” Steel Fishing
Rod; put it through the most-extreme! tests and prove
its strength, durability and flawless resiliency. Then
by our own process we silk wind the entire rod. The joints aré
a new special development for this rod, The guides are wound on
with silk as shown in the two pictures*at the left. _Over this is a
water proof finish. On top of the water proof finish ts the very
best finish similar to that used on the highest grade split bamboo
rod. These silk windings add fully 40% to the strength of the
original steel rod and in addition they slow down the steel action
until in distance, accuracy;and delicate response, it feels and acts
exactly like the first quality.bamboo red. This De Luze Rod is
practically unbreakable: cannot; warp or lose its balance, hang
or shape. The fly rod is 83}ft. long, nickel mountings, snake guides (upper
vleft hand picture) except first guide and tip which are full jeweled agates.
Cork handle with patented locking reel band. The bait casting rod comes in
two models, 5 ft. and 534 ft. long, nickel mountings, short cork handle,
with patented locking reel band. Improved casting guides with agate jull
jeweled. Extra tip joint with agate. Every rod comes in washable De Luxe
glove leather silk lined case. Price $25.00, complete, each

Meek Full Jeweled Reel No. 2

Among tournament experts, or with the world’s best known outdocr sportsmen,
it is unnecessary to extol or even describe Meek Reels, especially this exquisite
piece of mechanism. No watch could be more accurately made
nor more elegantly finished or worked out -with such
scientific precision. This is indeed the anglers dream
of fine tackle. Price $32.00.

37 other Bristol Models and 22 other Meek and Blue
Grass Models are shown in the Bristol and Meek
Catalogues which will be mailed

FREE ON REQUEST

Bristol Rods and Meek Reels are for sale by many thous-
ands of sporting goods dealers throughout the world, but where
not obtainable, can be purchased by mail, at catalogue prices.
from the manufacturer.

Our 1917 “Bristol Art Calendar is ready. Beautiful
full color reproduction of a Philip R.Goodwin paint-
ing. The best one yet. Beavtiful acquisition for
your den. Sent oniy on-receint of 15 cents.

The Horton Mfg. Co.
32 Horton Street - - Bristol, Conn.

Also Manufacturers of Meek and Blue Grass Reels
Pacific Coast Branch:
Phil B. Bekeart Co.,
717 Market St., San Francisco, Cal.

GENTLEMAN JONES

JEAN STEVINSON

saw “Gentleman Jones.” He

wore the highest collar I have
ever seen on a man outside the funny
papers, and brown leggings of the
toughest and glossiest leather. For
the rest, his clothes were of good
serviceable tweed, and his eyes were
those of a watchdog.

‘“What’s he looking for?’ I asked
Joe Marshall.

‘Looking for?’ he repeated while
he spat tobacco juice on the board
sidewalk, “‘nothing but some dub soft
enough to start up a collar factory
for him, Ill wager.. He came here
six months ago, and the only reason
he wasn’t rotten-egged out of town
was because he didn’t wear a silk
hat.”

Well I knew the aversion these
“brave” westerners had for dressy
men. Shortly before the advent of
“Gentleman Jones’ a young Metho-
dist minister had arrived from Efig-
land and had appeared on the street
in the regulation silk hat worn in the
old country. The hat did not last
long, for the boys became obsessed
with the idea that he was practising
the Wilhelm Tell stunt, and gathered
up eggs, cabbages, stones and pota-
toes with which to knock off the
imaginary apple. As most of the
missiles fell slightly short of the point
at which they should have been aim-
ed, the young man was obliged to
make an ignominious retreat, and
the hat was wisely relegated to the
ash barrel. ‘‘Gentleman Jones’ had
arrived soon after, and the state of
the town sentiment was unlucky,

Be never forget the first time I

that was all. The other man’s point
of view was not to be considered,of
course. “S

“Does Jones act like a mutt?” I
asked.

“No,” Joe answered, puzzled,
“that’s the queer part of it. He’s
clerking in Todd’s general store, is
quiet and respectful and does as
he’s told. Funny thing about the
man, though, is that he never rides
out of town without a shovel tied
to his saddle. Must have the gold
bug, or perhaps he’s looking for dia-

monds. He always goes alone, for
he’s pretty offish, and makes no
friends.”

“No wonder,” I said shortly. “If
I were in his boots I wouldn’t either,
with a bunch of boobs like you. You
don’t give a man a show. If he likes
his sort of collars and leggings it’s ow-
ing to the kind of life he’s known.
You are vain over your Mexican
saddle and your beaded cartridge
belt. What’s the dif? You make
me sick.”

I flung off, for Joe and the town
were getting on my nerves. They
held their own peculiar way of living
so close to their eyes that they could
not see any further than their own
fat noses. Because I carried a six-
shooter in my belt and could ride
anything with four legs I was allowed
to say what I liked; but if ‘““Gentle-
man Jones” had said what I did he
would have been man-handled out
of town inside of ten minutes, with
perhaps not a rag left on his back.
The whole town was off its dot.

1065

1066

That night I went to Todd’s gen-
eral store to lay in a supply of smoked
bacon for my cook-house. I knew
Gentleman Jones would wait on me
at that hour, and I wanted to know

him. His eyes were not those of a ~

coward, but I thought it might ease
him some if he knew he could count
on me in case of any trouble.

‘Bacon?’ he asked. “Yes. Side
or back?”

*““Side,’’ I answered, “four or five
sides if they are not too large.”

I liked the straight look he gave me.
He cut into one to see if it were good,
and some green-looking spots drew
my attention.

“J don’t think that’s very good,”
I said, “looks like strachina.”’

“Tt’s all right,’ he answered, “‘those
spots are only the ends of hairs that
have grown through the skin. I
wouldn’t put it off on you if it were
bad.” He cut into another, and an-
other, and all were. good.

“T raised hogs,”’ he said after awhile
—‘‘hog ranch in the hills, southern
Be.’

This informatron was more than
any man of X had got out of him,
I knew, all the months he had been
in the store. He was my sort, and
I had a hunch that he knew it.

“Come out to Lazy Branch Sun-
day morning,” I invited, “and try
some of your bacon.”

He looked up quickly. “Got any
men working for you?” he asked.

“Six,” I replied. >

He thought awhile. “All right,” he
agreed, “‘I’ll be there at eight.”

““Good!’”? I answered, “my name’s
McPherson.”

Off I went, my bacon flopping on
either side of the saddle, and after
an hour’s ride I pulled up at the cook-
house door. .

“Jink,’? I told my Chinaman, “‘be
sure to have a good bacon breakfast
Sunday morning at quarter after
eight—company coming.”

Jink grinned. “All light,’ he said.
“You mally lil’ gal?’’

*Shucks, no!’’ I answered crossly,
“why are you always trying to get
me married?”’

*‘Bossyman lookee glad,’’ he vouch-
safed.

Y ¥ aoe Fey
“So,” I l, pert
I am glad. One doesn’t find a goc
friend every day.” _ ae

Jones arrived Sunday morning —
sharp on time. It had been raining
and he was splashed with mud, but
when he washed he did not remove
his collar, which was as abnormal
as ever. His leggings he cleaned
carefully—too carefully, I thought,
for a man with a face like his. Lean
it was, with firm mouth and square
chin, and eyes that could hold a pur-
pose for eternity. When the man
was in repose the eyes smouldered
like a smoking bon-fire, as though
they only waited a puff of wind to
start them leaping and blazing into
life. What was he brooding over?

As the men filed in to breakfast he
looked up quickly, eyeing each sharp-
ly. Then a baffling expression cross-
ed his face, half relief, half disappoint-
ment. That the man had a story
I was certain, and a story that was
worth the telling. I knew he carried
a six-shooter in his shirt, and I knew
from his quick, straight eye and
accurate movement that his aim was
a good one. I would have befriended
him had I known something actually
bad about him, for I felt that he had
appointed himself his own judge,
and that I was not to interfere.

‘Jones,’ I said after breakfast as
we were cantering through the hills,
“IT want you to remember that you
can count on me any time you need
a friend. Those numskulls at X
give me a pain in the stomach.” :

The nearest approach I had seen
to”a smile flickered on his lean face
for a moment, then passed, and he
was grave again.

““Well, McPherson,” he drew a
long breath, “I reckon you’ve made
up your mind to something; but be-
fore I accept your friendship you
must know what responsibility you
undertake when you offer it. When
you know, you have the option of
withdrawing the offer you just made.”

“I do not need your story, Jones,”
I told him, ‘‘I take you as you are.”

‘Perhaps it will do me good to tell
it, McPherson. No word of this has
passed my lips before. I told you
I owned a hog ranch back in the ©
south country. There was money —

| ee

A na “ 4,

inghogs, and I had five hundred of
the finest animals you could get hold
of; but. two years back they began
to. disappear, one a night regularly,
and always the best and fattest of the
bunch being picked off. I thought
it would let up if I were patient for
awhile but it didn’t. Months went
on, and my ranch was steadily losing,
so I hired a Mexican to watch at
night. He was the only man I could
get hold of at the time, and I fitted
him out with a high-power Ross rifle
and plenty of cartridges, telling him
to wait until the thief got into the
corrall, then to fire. The next morn-
ing he came to me with goggle eyes.
A big grizzly, so big, he said, that it
looked like a haystack coming down
the hill, had walked up to the corrall,
torn out four big logs and got in
among the pigs. Then it broke the
back of a fat young sow and threw
it over the corrall. Later it went
off with it up into the woods.

“Why didn’t you shoot, you fool?”
I yelled.

“Shoot? Me shoot?’ he splutter-
ed, ‘“‘me shoot, not kill, bear squeeze
me, tear me in pieces.’’ His teeth
rattled at the picture, and it was
useless to urge him on.

“You get two men,” he said, “‘both
shoot.”

I hired another Mexican to watch
with him, arming them both to the
teeth, but it was the same story.
Each was afraid to fire the first shot,
and both told of the same huge
grizzly coming brazenly to the corrall
and ripping off the fresh logs to get
to the frightened pigs.

Two more men I hired, for I was
determined to have that grizzly; yet
the fear was contagious, and none
would fire the first shot. Their
scalps felt like ice as soon as they
saw the great monster heave into
sight. Fat young sows and juicy
hilts were thinned out alarmingly,
yet the months went on, the men
promising to be brave the next time,
always the next time. Finally I
realized that there was nothing for
it but for me to watch with the men
myself.

“You shoot first,’’ Black Piet said,
and we'll stand by you.”

ees,” ENTLEMAN JON

ths

E

S . 7 rs
That night we all went down
the corrall, got into position —
waited. A brilliant moon was s
ing and at eleven o’clock I felt rath
than saw a movement on the
above the corrall. I looked, a
there, coming leisurely down to
pen, was the hugest grizzly I eve
dreamed of seeing in my life. He
must have been the old grandfather
of all the grizzlies that ever lived
in British Columbia. As usual, he
came straight for the pigs, rose pond-
erously on his hind legs and with ~ ©
one paw tore off several of the strong
logs that had been newly built into
the corrall. Ill never forget those
little piggy eyes of his. He saw us
all, but did not give a rip. He had
been monarch too long. But now, .
I thought, was my chance. Aiming
at the right spot on his breast, I fired.
With a great growl the beast dropped
on all fours and rushed for me, the
blood oozing from his chest. The
four men with yells ran for dear life—
ran anywhere, away from the grizzly
and me, and before I knew where I
was the huge brute had me smothered
against his shaggy coat. Ugh! I can
smell that bear yet. We fought like
devils, but I was a pigmy beside
the wounded beast. While he broke
three of my ribs with one arm— ‘
for arms they were, and hands with
cruel nails—he tore me down the
back with the other. I can hear the
ripping clothes and the tearing flesh.
Some feeling must have been born in
Piet, for when he saw the bear was 3
killing me he ran back and shot him, |
then he went off for dear life. The
grizzly’s hold on me loosened and
we slumped down together on the
ground. For two nights and two
days I lay there scarcely breathing,
then a prospector found me. Look!
He tore off his collar and bared his
legs. In the back of his neck were
holes an inch deep where the terrible
claws had torn out the flesh and his
legs—I wish I had never seen them—
the calves had been ripped clean off
and the cords had healed in seared
ridges along the bones. It was a
horrible sight. “Jones! I begged
with a dry sob, ““Why don’t you let’
the people know at X? They might
not be so heartless.’”” “It would foil

Oi eh, Mice el. ae aol

>
~~ ¥

ae,

od

1068 ROD AND

my purpose,”’ he returned, the grim
look tightening the line of his mouth.
Piet I shall spare, but the other three
blasted cowards J drop on sight.”

This, then, was the meaning of it
all. What was the shovel for? To
dig a grave for a dead Mexican?
I imagined so.

It came out as it had to come.
Jones came to me late one night with
blood on his hands. He had finished
with the shovel and had thrown it
away. He must hide for a few days,
and I hid him as'I-was bound to do.

Yet I could not shake responsi-
bility. There was blood on his soul.
Was there blood on mine, too? Was
my religion of non-interference justi-
fied? I felt I could not have stopped
him, and yet the knowledge that he,

_ the man I had promised to befriend,

SDE OE Rees

GUN INCANADA

‘ *

must wander forth a fugitive, anak

fearing the face of man, tortured me.
If he could have forgiven, his would
have been a useful and even a happy
life. He was a man of good parts,
but he had chosen the darker road.
I sent him off with a pack horse and
supplies, and for three years he wan-
dered alone, hiding in the jagged
places of the Rocky Mountains. At
times his phantom face would appear
before me while he asked, ““Am I my
brother’s keeper?’ And the echo
from my lips would come: ‘“‘Am I
my brother’s keeper?’ I could not
get rid of the haunting question, and
sO, One morning when I read that
Jones had given himself up voluntar-

ily to the police, I felt only relief. -

He was a man of good parts, and
would make what atonement he could.

THE DWELLERS OF DARKNESS

Wa. McMut_eEn

EEP down in the depths of Cold
Mother Earth there live many
odd and wondrous creatures.

Let me tell you the story of perhaps
one of the strangest and most in-

eh ah:

teresting of all these tiny animals.

Far away over the broken and
irregular ridges of the distant low-
lying hills shone the blood-red radi-
ance of anew day. The dull grey of
the vanishing darkness lifting with
almost perceptible speed disclosed a
small shallow stream, gurgling and
rippling over its muddy bed; it wan-
dered across the low flat country like
a silver gleam of flashing brightness.
As yet no sound broke the eerie still-
ness of the youthful day.

Suddenly a tiny pink snout peeped
cautiously out from the mouth of a
small hole close to the water’s edge.
In the flash of an eyelash it dis-
appeared to pop out an instant later
from another hole, satisfied apparent-
ly that no danger threatened. A tiny
drab-colored body appeared outside
the opening upon the little mound.
It nosed its way carefully along a
faintly-worn path and slipped silently
into one of the countless holes that
dotted the river bank.

Follow “Yellow Tail,’ for by such a
name was he known among the mole
folk. While most of his fellows wore
dark grey-colored tails, this little chap
boasted of a bright yellow appendage
that he carried with great pride—
down the sloping runway he scuttled
finding his way in the inky darkness,
with unerring decision. A few feet
below the surface he entered abruptly
into a dome shaped chamber of un-
certain size. i A

Yellow Tail’s appearance was the
signal for a sudden mad scampering
of excited moles up the branching
passage ways. i
afterwards, is the mole’s slogan. En-
emies were many and some even
searched their very homes, for a juicy
dinner.

Across the width of the chamber
close to the top was a softly cushioned
shelf. Upon this Yellow Tail crawled
and after sundry little squeaks and
growls a great silence settled down in
the darkness of the home. Quietly,
cautious little pink noses peeped out

from their places of safety and gain-

ing courage slipped across the soft,
damp floor and crowded down beside
their brother on the downy shelf.

Run first and enquire.

None have yet succeeded in find-
ing out just how these marvelous little

- ereatures distinguish light from dark-
ness.

Time passed, it may have been few
and may have been many days. In
good time Yellow Tail awoke, tum-
bled from his bed and made his way
to the upper world, pausing at a
likely looking place in the passage
way. In went his sharp little nose,
both powerful front feet followed in
quick succession close to the head
and in about ten seconds the reward
was a fat, juicy grub that slipped
with a satisfying gulp down the
eager throat of the hungry mole.

Many other little fellows all on
the same errand, passed Yellow Tail,
right along the surface he worked,
now digging deep in quest of the wily
grub, now rooting closer to the sur-
face after the scurrying cricket. His
search brought him into the hard
mud of an old washed-out runway
which suddenly let him out into the
blinding sunlight of the upper reg-
ions. With a frightened little screech
of dismay he plunged headlong into
the small stream, down, down he
went,swimming with astonishing ease.
A great fat water-beetle too slow in
making for safety disappeared clumsi-
ly down the ever-ready mouth. A
plump well favored skater bug barely
missed the same fate. Turning at
a tangent he crossed the current and
disappeared in the well concealed
underwater entrance of a friendly
subterranean home.

It was a strange place to Yellow
Tail and he never remembered hav-
ing seen it before but then a little
mole was forever finding something
new and different in his many pere-
grinations.

To his great surprise he found a
tremendous gathering of his brethern,
‘the Dwellers of Darkness.

Here in a large open space of im-
posing size, many feet under the sur-
face, ceilings richly fringed with the
colorless root-fibres of the damp
river-grass, surged and eddied, push-
ed and shoved a vast number of his
little grey brothers. Away towards
the end of the room on a slight eleva-

i - tion stood a little group of the ruling

_ fathers, their scarred and worn-look-
an

ing coats,standing out in marked con-_
trast against the bright glossy fur
of the younger people. Excitement
crackled and zipped through the air, —
the very walls breathed it. Yellow —
Tail caught by the contagion of it ~
jostled and nosed his way through ~
the tightly packed mass of tiny slip-
pery bodies—to the front of the small _
mound. The little group above him
were in earnest consultation, slowly
one with dignity and deliberation ~
detached himself from the little group
and advanced a few steps. His som-
ber grey coat looked thin and worn,
the long leathery tail lacked the color
and luster of youth and trailed be-
hind him like a dead thing.

*“*Children!’’ Silence swept the
great gathering, the gentle swish and
rub of one smooth soft body against
the other slowly subsided and died
away, the tap, tap of countless tiny
webbed feet ceased in audiable waves
of sound. Gradually a silence as of
the dead crept over this wonderful
gathering of the folk. Yellow Tail,
like the others, listened with bated
breath: ‘Children!’ The faint quer-
ulous voice again sighed through
space to the invisible ears of the listen-
ing moles, ““We have been brought
together by the sign of the great Bleat,
you al! know him. Of late we have
missed many of our people; they
answer not to our calls. Empty
homes, silent and broken alone re-
main of many of our once happy peo-
ple. Our people live in terror and a
often perish by the paw of this fierce
foe. We, your Fathers, have con- *
sidered long and carefully.

We could search for new homes,
but many of us would perish in the
way. We could wait hoping our
enemy would move to some other r
place—our hopes are vain. News has .
come that across the water our bro- §
ther ‘“‘Grey Nose” and his family have
fallen prey to this terrible monster.”
Yellow Tail gasped, his queer tail
thumped and swished against the legs
of his neighbors. Well might be
start, for ‘“Grey Nose” was actually
his own father and now of all the
happy little family he alone remained.
The old chief’s trembling voice stum-
bled on, ‘We have at last thought of —
a plan: Your fathers will call for

’
‘
.
hs

1070

one brave-hearted brother to search
out our enemy and entice him to this
place, and while he is inside our chil-
dren shall quickly fill in and pack
tight all the outlets, while our brave
brother digs out and escapes. I call
for a brave son; his heart must be
bold, his paws strong, for never be-
fore has one of our people dared do
what we expect of him.” The weary
old voice cracked and died away,
instantly the rub of body on body
commenced, the swish of naked tails
and patter of webbed feet droned in
the pitch darkness.

side the old chief.

The muttering grew to a dull roar,
the roar to countless different tones
as hundreds of damp pink snouts
reached up into the air, sniffing and
snarling in a vain effort to catch a
glimpse with their almost sightless
eyes, of the hero. Proudly Yellow
Tail was drawn into the centre of
the elders and carefully coached, and
the coming night was chosen for the
great deed.

That day Yellow Tail slept in the
home of the frail old Father. At
dusk final preparations were made
and the brave little mole, his game
heart pounding against his ribs, slip-
ped up the steep narrow passage and
emerged into the grey light of a dying
day. Directly he was a few feet
away from the entrance, however,
his heart almost failed him, and he
would have given anything to be
back safe in the shelter of the home.
Summoning his courage, he slowly
advanced to hisduty. Crawling under
dead-falls of rank marsh-willows he
reached a small clearing close to the
muddy water of the stream. Here
in the friendly shelter of a great
fallen oak leaf he lay waiting for, he
knew not what.

Grubs, beetles, crickets, all passed
on their way unmolested, every little
movement of the innumerable small
life about, caused the scared mole
to crouch lower and lower on his
belly. Barely could he keep from
bolting for home and safety. He
had not long to wait, however. A
slim yellowish white body, dimly dis-
cernible in the waning light, slipped

With a quick,
little scramble Yellow Tail stood be~’

through the tan led mass of swar
grass and peere

eager anticipation.
a successful hunting ground for many
nights but strange to say no possible
victims seemed about. Usually he
could pounce upon one or two just
at this spot. Suddenly the unblink-
ing eyes caught the quick movement
of a leaf on the ground. And witha
sudden terrible bound the white mon-

Mp
here and there in —
This had been

ster leaped towards the shrinking ——

form of the terror-stricken mole.
Yellow Tail barely escaped by tum-
bling awkwardly behind a rotten
stump. Up he scrambled and darted
for safety. To his terror he found
he had wandered too far away from
the hole.
he sought for a place to dig, in vain,
in his excitement he stumbled and
bumped into branches and _ twigs.
The weasel puzzled by these tactics
for a moment circled around and
around ,darting from point to point.
On, the slow moving little fellow
crawled with disheartening slowness,
his short legs paralyzed with fear, his
breath coming in short choked gasps.
Still a few yards, another few feet,
inches, and with a little squeak of
fright, he disappeared down the in-
viting mouth of the great hole just
as the sinister white shape of his en-
emy came bounding in pursuit.

Directly the carefully concealed
people heard the commotion in the
passageway they set to with might
and
outlets.

There was great rejoicing amongst
the moles at the apparently success-
ful issue of their well-planned scheme.
Meanwhile what of Yellow Tail?
Having reached the hollow he clam-
bered upon the slope and awaited
with beating heart the appearance of
his foe. In the pitch darkness he was
comparatively safe. Minutes passed.
He could hear the scuffling and
patting of the working moles madly
doing their part, still noenemy. Ab-
solute silence told of work accom-

plished. Cautiously Yellow Tail peer
ed into the dimness of the chamber. |
No sound broke the dead silence. —
No doubt the Bleat was hiding in the —
passage waiting for the mole to: showag

himself.

With panic-stricken heart —

main and quickly blocked the —

~_

— Beaufort for 25 cents apiece.

earth, both powerful front paws fol-
lowed with wonderful swiftness and
in a very short time he was among
the waiting people.

_ Great was the rejoicing of the little
Dwellers of the Darkness because
their great Arch enemy lay buried
under many feet of hard packed
earth. Yellow Tail was acclaimed

A TERRAPIN FARM

The proof of the high quality of the fish,
shellfish, etc., in North Carolina, is the es-
tablishment at Beaufort of a marine bio-
logical laboratory by the United States, and
one of the things it took up was the cultiva-
tion of the diamond-back terrapin, from the
egg to the full market size. Three years
ago the Bureau of Fisheries, United States
Department of Commerce, published its
first circular on this subject, and that very
year Dr. C. L. Duncan started his terra-
pin industry on a great scale, beginning
with 3,000 adult breeders, which he bought

~ from people along the shore line ef Pamlico
sound and estuaries north of Beaufort. Many
people searched for them, and it has taken
two years to get the desired amount.

This year 2,000 more breeders were add-
ed, so that now there are 5,000 of them.
Of their progeny there are now 16,000 in
the pens, their ages ranging from 1 year

- to 3, and next year the first sales are to be
- made.
than others, and a few are runts, as is the

Some of these terrapin grow faster

case with animals. The hatch this season
is estimated at 23,000, and one of the sights
is the view of 50 acres of pens, which are
in a concrete enclosure.

Beaufort is said to be the only place in
the United States which is utilizing the
experiments made at the laboratory here
by the Bureau of Fisheries, and Mr. Charles
L. Hatsell, who has for 20 years been the
culturist at the biological laboratory, by
special permission gives much attention to
the experiments at this big private enter-
prise.

When the writer was a boy the now so
greatly prized, rare and extremely costly
- diamond-back terrapin could be bought in
Now. one of

os

quick Btor Yellow Tail’s by the Syandveds
- chisel-like nose dug into the soft black

was elected to the ranks 0.
est in the land. Probe \: : =

Meanwhile the pursuing weasel
having reached the entrance of th
mole home had turned at the las
minute and sulkily made off in thi
brush, in a very disgruntled frame of —
mind in search of new and. more pro- be:
lific hunting grounds.

these terrapins, six inches across the back,
is worth $5, and one with an inch more spread
brings a dollar more, so that diamond-backs
are getting in a class with diamonds. For
the breeders as high as $3.25 each was paid
by the company, and when the marketing
begins the best qualities will bring $60 a
dozen, the prices ranging as low as $24,
according to size.

It is found that the longevity of terrapin
is great, perhaps 50 years, for there are
some in the laboratory pens which are 20 —
years old. The death rate among them after
the first year is practically nothing, as only
three out of 4,500 in the pens and the Winter-
ing sheds died in nine months, and one of
these was accidentally shot.

ae Tae oe

he

Pee ee a
Pere SS a ee ee

Pec 2 oer ae ee ae

The diamond-back is the most expensive
article of food in the cguntry, and epicures
will be enthusiastic when they know what
is being done at Beaufort. says the writer of
the article in the Manufacturers’ Record,
the studiés through the years showing that
man can, by providing heated sheds during
the cold weather, bring about the full de-
velopment of the terrapin in haJf the natural
or usual time.

py

In a state of nature the mother deposits 3
her eggs in the sand, covers them, and lets
the sun hatch them in 65 days, the youngsters
crawling out of the sand and going into the
water for six months, taking no food or water
during that period. Here they are kept at
about Summer temperature in their specially
built houses, with glass roofs and water-
tight bins, each bin accommodating about
100, the houses being heated night and day
and sea food and fresh water supplied, these
things bringing about remarkable and con-
stant growth.

Licht,

s,

wa, 4 hoe 8

| ils
wf

May it 3
x Tad A asinle?

ae

Se ee ae eee
aden Se

Neg eae ee ye ee RET

=,

4 SR
. We teate vit a
. ‘ J ae

SEGA RIAP Rpg) PE Rea ‘ of ;
yi Demat Hest oh ue Se Be

KING OF THE BIG SWAMP
(PART IF) :

HE month of March had arrived
in the North country and with
it a hint of spring. The first

of the month saw mild breezes from
the South. The old guides and lum-
bermen, and many of the guides of
summer vacation time had passed the
winter in the lumber camps. All
shook their heads and prophesied an
early spring with heavy freshets
everywhere and this meant ‘hustle’
for the camps, to prepare big lumber
drives as soon as the streams were
fairly clear of the ice.

Back away from the streams the
snow disappeared as if by magic and
at the swamp where the King and his
followers had their arrangement of

«runways or yards, all winter the snow
had given place to miniature lakes
and bog holes that the deer avoided
by taking to the higher ground. Here
food was easier to reach and the fir
thicket afforded shelter from the
night winds; and the deer began to
scatter until they were distributed
in groups of from two to three; and
here and there a single individual,
over an expanse of territory probably
ten miles long by some six or seven in
width between two quite sizeable

1072

rivers,—and then another event hap-
pened that upset all the weather
prophet’s prognostications. The wind
veered ’round to the north and it
snowed and snowed and snowed some
more until there were three feet on
the level,—then a frost came giving
the snow just crust enough for a deer
to walk on nicely, but should he
attempt to start to run he would
go through to his belly. This crust
on the snow was fine in a way; the
deer could reach the tender shoots
and branches some three feet higher
than usual and they greedily took
advantage of this to fill themselves
to the limit as the long winter in the
yards had made all things eatable
mighty scarce before the spring thaws
had set them free.

At night, our friend, the King,
took more than his usual precautions.
Had you or I been able to trace his
footsteps we would have found that

there was an amazing tangle of cross- —

ings and recrossings of tracks before
finding where he finally slept. And
there was a reason.

one could not call him cowardly he

His antlers with —

their eight points of defensive strength
were gone and truth to tell although ~

RS }
was timid,—he sure was,—and this
' leader of the herd found the most
secluded corners possible for his rest-
ing place at night. Yes, he had re-
doubled his caution as his confidence
was gone, and this day’s fading light
saw the big fellow carefully recon-
noitering as he wandered back and
forth gradually approaching his rest-
ing place by a series of well calculated
lines of travel that any night mar-
auder in following would be sure to
pass the windward of his ‘bed’ giving
his delicate sense of smell a chance
to warn him of danger in time to get
at least a good start of his pursuers;
and then after he was comfortably
settled for the night the faint breeze
brought the scent of his own kind to
him. He looked carefully and watch-
ed two does pass and swinging to
leeward ef him they lay down to rest
some few yards to one side; but they
had come almost directly in, and after
shifting nervously about for a few
moments the big buck got to his feet
and circled to windward a few times
and then came down to leeward of the
does and made himself a second ‘nest.’
The reason for this was obvious,—
the others had carelessly given away
his hiding place to his enemies should
any chance to be about, so he had
carefully taken another precaution.
The does did not move; doubtless
they watched him with a languid
interest as he circled outside the
shelter of the fir scrub but if they did
they gave no outward evidence of it
and the trio in the thicket passed six
or seven hours in silent rest. The
brilliant stars of the Northern night
peering down on them from above
could scarcely distinguish them from
the surrounding gloom. The stars
began to fade and pale and then it
was that one of the does awoke with
a snort of fright to a sense of danger.
With a bound she was on her feet
and went lunging away in the oppos-
ite direction to that she had taken on
entering the thicket.

There was a scarce ten feet between
the first and the second deer that left
that thicket, but it was a full minute
before the big buck emerged from the
same thicket, and he was not running
blind as the does had done that pre-
ceded him. Following in the other

‘Sh Gee OER

:ACHEROUS SNOW—KING OF THE BIG SWA

deer’s tracks, he proceeded for sor

one or two hundred yards and then ~
with a mighty bound he landed some
fifteen feet away in a bunch of ever-
greens, all four feet struck like cushion- —_

ed stilts and he fairly flew another

ten or twelve feet, and,—stood stock oe ba
still! Silently as the breaking of the

winter’s morn, three gaunt gray sha-
dows went drifting past, then two
others, then four well bunched to-
gether, the ‘lather’ dripping from
their jaws, as with tongues lolling
they loped along in the wake of their
swifter comrades,—long and gaunt
they were as they too had evidently
spent a hard winter and had drifted
down from the North in search of
the meat they must have to satisfy
the gnawing pains in their vitals.

Small wonder the big buck trem-
bled and his eyes dilated with terror
as he noted the silent earnestness of
these ferocious hunters of the North
country. With his antlers in good
shape and a bit of solid earth beneath
his feet he would have given battle
to one, possibly two of them, but now
he was as useless in an encounter of
this kind as one of the does that at
times he had gladly defended.

Now he stole away toward the
swamp country keeping as much as

possible to windward of the chase; ©

following the shadow of the heavy
timber he came to the clearing where
he had seen the spike buck killed the
previous fall,—the big fellow stood
and listened and watched carefully
for some five minutes, then proceeded
directly across. The stars had dis-
appeared, but the moon still hung
low down in the West giving a yellow
light to the snowy landscape that
was good to see; but our friend had
no eye for such things just now,—a
vague uneasiness caused him to glance
backward and his heart nearly stop-
ped beating as he saw the rapidly
approaching forms of three great
wolves. Caution was useless now
and away went the buck with the
speed of a meteor, and behind him
came the silent hunters. Right here
the deer had wonderful good for-
fune,—the snow crust held! By some
freak of the weather this portion of
the spring snow had a really solid
crust and the deer as if realizing this

1074

as his great opportunity extended
every sinew to make top. speed.
Away to the right an eager whine
caught his ear and glancing in that
direction he saw two other wolves
running parallel with his course; they
are trying to head him off and now
he realized that if he were to escape
there was but one chance and that
was the river and he was. running
directly for a bit of gully that led
down to the water,—then not fifty
yards away another gray hunter
emerged from the shadows. No
chance for the gully now but straight
for the river he went, and then,—
the crust gave way! Down he went
but got up and floundered on. The
foremost wolf, a great fellow, gave
an exultant yelp and from the gully
and away to the right came answer-
ing yelps; the wolves had made no
sound up to this time but they were
so sure of their prey now that they
could not restrain themselves; but
at the last minute Dame Fortune or
whoever, or whatever it is that is
the mascot of all the deer family,
came to his rescue and from snow
that came to his belly it decreased
in depth at every bound until it was
scarce a foot deep and although the
crust broke at every leap he could
still make speed without danger of

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

foundering; and well for him that
it was so,—the wolf in the lead was
running within ten feet of him now
and although he was so close, he
could not get set to spring.—Once he
tried and fell awkwardly, and before
he could regain his equilibrium the
big deer shot out into the air off the
edge of the bluff and fellinto the water
twenty feet below.

The wolves lined up on the bank,
walked restlessly back and forth and
gave vent to their feelings in snarling
at their dinner that, after many at-
tempts dragged himself out on the
ice, and leaping from one solid piece
to another finally disappeared on the
timber on the opposite shore. The
crunching and creaking of loose ice
in the stream forbade their taking
part further in this chase. Suddenly
the leader went rigid,—all attention,
—and as the others listened, faint and
far away came the howl of a wolf
summoning the pack to the feast;
and they left the river and went
swiftly in the direction of the sum-
mons.

Across the stream and from where
he could watch his back track, the
buck licked from his spring coat the
icy water of the river and waited
for daylight,—and we will see him
again this season I feel sure.

RICE LAKE—KAWARTHA LAKES

H. C. HAappon

HE trout had ceased rising, and for the
last hour it had been useless whipping

the water with a fly that they did not

want. So we were sitting silently in the
boat, enjoying the golden wonder of the
summer twilight, and listening to the eager
song of the creek as it emptied into the lake.
Everything seemed restful after the fierce
heat of the day. From overhead came the
incessant cheep, cheep of mosquito hawks
as they hunted on tireless wings; king birds
twittered among the cottonwoods, and perch-
ed on the top of a tamarack a robin sang
his vesper song. Occasionally. a big fish

- jumped, leaping right out of the water as

Fg

“Oh look!’ she said, “‘look!”’

some venturesome moth fluttered too near.
the surface. Then suddenly my Beautiful
Companion gave a little squeak of surprise:
At the sound
of her voice the otter dived instantly, but
so silently and noiselessly that he made no
splash or ripple to give any hint as to his
direction.

““Otter,”’ I said, ‘‘not often we see*them as
close to the settlement as this.”

My Beautiful Companion is still all eager
questions. Well, it is no use fishing any
longer, for the trout are not in a rising mood
to-night, and we have caught enough any-
way. So lie back among your cushions,
little lady, and trail your slim white fingers
in the water, and as I row you home I will
tell you part of the story of the fisherman
whose sport we have just disturbed.

From the time, about a year and a half
before, when an Indian trapper had cleaned
up the rest of the family, and traded their
silky skins for flour and tea, the big dog otter
had lived a more or less nomadic existence.
He had spent the spring and summer in
wandering round the waters at the head of
Martin Creek, living in solitude, and fishing
and growing fat among a multitude of well
stocked waters. When fall began to give
its hint of coming winter he moved his stamp-
ing grounds, travelling over to Baker Creek,
and living awhile among the beaver there.

Here dead and gone beavers in the forgotten
generations had made a dam to deepen the
water in the creek; and year after year their
sons and daughters had carried on the work,
and after countless years had formed a little
mountain lake.

There are many of these little valley girted
lakes among the mountains, scattered all
the way from the Atlantic to the Pacific,
and they are all the same in their suggestion
of aloofness and perfect peace, and yet all
different in their widely varying beauties.

At first the dog otter was entirely welcome;
he spent his time in fishing and pursued his
business unmolested by the original inhabi-
tants of the lake.

Then, one morning as he was swimming ~

silently along in the shallow water close to
the shore, the otter was savagely attacked
by a female beaver. She came straight for
him, her eyes blazing red in the hell-hot fury

1075 ah

1076

of her hate, her mouth open, and showing
the long yellow teeth that she was eager to
plunge into his body.

Just what had ruffled her serenity and
caused the trouble I cannot tell you. She
may have had some ancient grievance against
some other member of the otter’s tribe—but
I doubt if she would have remembered it.
More probably, being a female, she did not
have any reason at all except that she was
feeling cranky, and was looking for trouble.

After all, we can find similar cases in our
own womenkind!

Both combatants instantly dived, among
a smother of spray, already tinged with red,
both locked in a grip, which if not deadly
was at least ferocious.

For a few minutes they slashed and bit
at each other without doing any serious
damage, and then the otter broke away and
dived, as if he had had enough of it. The
beaver swam round and round-triumphantly
in a small circle, apparently puffed up with
her victory. Somuch for otters that dared
to invade the sanctuary of her pond!

And then suddenly the dog otter rose up
underneath her, almost lifting her out of the
water with the force of his impact. She
was caught hopelessly off her guard, and
the otter’s sharp teeth met in the deadly
grip on her throat.

The water was stained red in earnest now,
and in vain the beaver fought and tore and
thrashed and dived in a fruitless endeavour
to save her life. The dog otter occasionally
managed to get his nose clear of the smother
of spray and water, and this was enough to
enable him to freshen the air in his lungs,

For the rest, with closed eyes and tightly
clamped jaws, he hung on grimly to the
beaver’s throat, feeling her struggles grow
weaker and weaker, and finally subside
altogether. When he was sure that she was
dead the otter relaxed his grip, and bit and
shook and tore the floating body of his an-
tagonist, his very whiskers seeming to bristle
with his rage and anger.

Had another beaver appeared then, I have
no doubt that the otter would have tackled
it, and would most probably have killed it;
but he was not molested again and pres-
ently, having licked sundry bites and scratch-
es that he had received, and having got his
coat all sleek and neat again, his temper
began to cool down.

Once upon a time, in the dim long ago,
otters were entirely flesh eating animals,
and in those days they had a disposition and
a reputation about sixteen and a half times

worse than a weasel’s, which is bad a ea
as you know. But the otter saw the error

of his ways, and forsook the land, and with — &
it the lust of the blood trail, and took to the

water, changing his diet from flesh to fish.
And so he grew webs between his toes, and
became entirely aquatic, and, by reason of his
fish diet, perfectly harmless and peace loving.

You can see just the same transformation
in other cases. If you do not believe me,
contrast the peaceable fish hawk (who is
entirely an angler) with some of his blood-
thirsty cousins; or again, if you are still un-
convinced, take the case of our own plains
Indians.

They were large meat eaters, with the
uncounted buffalo to draw upon—and all
through their history you will be struck by
their cruelty, and impressed by the number
of their wars. Then compare them with
the Northern woods Indians, who are largely
fish eaters, and who are some of the most —
inoffensive of peoples—and you will see
evidence of the refining influence of a fish
diet. The pity is that aore of the wild
animals do not turn fishermen. All of this,
however, is by the way.

Despite his size, the big dog otter was first
and foremost a peace loving animal, and not
wishing to have another clash with some of
the other beavers, he soon started off on his
travels again.

Just everywhere that he visited I cannot
tell you, because otters are great wanderers.
Sometimes they will travel miles to visit
some small lake or stream, and after an
almost casual glance they will leave it, and
wander off somewhere else; or again, if un-
distributed they may remain for months.
But the dog otter was looking for something

these days, though even he himself did not ~

seem to know the cause of his restlessness.

However, he came to Spider Creek, and
descended it until he came to the big falls.
Below these the water widened out into a
series of long pools, already beginning to be
frost bound with the coming of winter. Here
he fished awhile, becoming a very nightmare
of terror to the small brook trout and char
that abounded~in the pools, following them
as relentlessly as their own shadow, and
finding their juicy flesh vastly to his liking.

There are three things that all otters de-

sire, and these are running water, good fish- Be

ing, and solitude; and here below the falls —
the dog otter found them all.

clear, and every pool had its quota of
big and small, swift as a ray of light, ¢

Water there | %
was in abundance, ice cold and deep and —

to the last gasp, fish that twisted and turned

and leapt and dodged in a vain effort to

escape this new enemy that had come to take
toll of their number.

Only an occasional fisherman came so far
up the creek, and he, poor prejudiced fool
was entirely concerned with pools and riffles

and trout, and the flies that they wanted,

and had no eyes at all for anything else.

And in any case, I doubt if he would have
known what animal had left the occasional
fish head and bones that he might have found
among the boulders near the big pool; indeed
if you had pointed them out to him he most
probably would have suggestéd mink, and
would have been very surprised to hear that
there were any otters on the creek at all.

_ And so the*dog otter lived his own life,

with a long stretch of water over, which he

exercised undisputed sovereignty, (and where
there was no one to pry into his private
affairs. That is the only thing that otters
really demand; and so peaceful and self
effacing are they that they often live con-
tentedly on some stretch of water where their
very presence is unknown and unguessed at.

There was one thing more that the dog
otter desired, though, and one morning just
before the snow came he started off up the
creek in search of it, swimming wherever
he was able to, and where that mode of travel
was impracticable, taking to the land, and
covering the ground with long plunging leaps,
half sliding and half throwing himself forward,

He was away just three days. Where he

found her, or how he knew of her presence
wherever she was, only the dog otter and the
gods of the Wild could tell you, but certain
it is that on the fourth day he returned with
‘a slim female otter.
' Here in the pools below the falls the two
spent the winter. Some of the pools froze
over, some few remained open, but in all of
them the otters found good fishing, and kept
sleek and fat, even in March, when other
animals grew lean and short tempered from
miles of hopeless, barren hunting.

With the coming of spring the female otter
grew restless, covering much territory as if
in search of something. Then one day, lower
down the creek she came on the object of her
desires.

The den had been used by otters before,
though not recently, and so she was saved
_ the labour of building a house for her young;
but repairs were needed, and these she pro-
ceeded to make, as well as carrying in soft
_ grass to build her nest with. These days
_ the big dog was not much in evidence. His

.
.
:
:
:
|
:

i) dele A BROTHER FISHERMAN

d ‘ = le 7
s .

help was not wanted, and I doubt if he would

have known what to do in any case. So he
spent his time in fishing, or lying sleepily

on some half submerged log, and warming

himself in the pleasant rays of the spring
sunshine. But he was always fairly close
at hand should his mate need his assistance,
and he would seek her out at odd intervals
for no reason at all, except that he seemed
to enjoy her companionship. The den had
been well chosen, and you could have passed
it by a hundred times without having even
guessed of its existence, for the entrance was
well under the water, and the den itself was
high and dry under the roots of a big cedar
that grew close to the creek side. Then one
day when the dog otter came on one of his
periodical visits, he was unable to find his
mate anywhere. She was not in any of the
pools fishing, nor were there any recent signs
to show where she had been. The male
suddenly felt very lonely, and swam round
the pool she usually haunted several times.
As a last resort he dived, and came up at
the mouth of the den. Instantly his keen
nose told him that his mate was inside—
but there was something else. For a minute
or so he stood there, his nose wrinkled, trying
to understand what it all meant, and what
was making the puling, whimpering sound
that was the cause of his doubt. But his
mate was there, and so apparently everything
was all right. This was not the first time
in his experience that this thing had happen-
ed, but the dog otter never seemed fully to
understand it.

Undecided, he went back to his fishing
again, and presently, with a fish between his
jaws he returned to the den. The female
seemed to expect his coming, and met him
in the tunnel leading to the nest. She took
the fish from him, and ate it, with her back
humped up in the peculiarly characteristic
manner that all otters adopt when feeding.

Then she and her mate smelt noses, and I
have no doubt that in her own way she was
trying to tell the dog otter that he now had
domestic affairs to take up his time. And
as the weeks passed these affairs became
more pressing. Back in the nest at the far
end of the den were two little otter cubs.
At tirst these did nothing but whimper for
their mother, and needed nothing but what.
she could give them.

But they grew quickly (as all wild babies
do) and as they increased in size the liquid
food that they were receiving ceased to satisty
them, and the parent otters were kept busy
supplying them with fish; for it was too early

1078

yet for the big fish to ascend the creek for
spawning, and the fish that were in the pools
were of no great size. However, with two
such capable fishermen to supply their wants
the young otters grew rapidly, though as
yet they had not left the den, the small con-
fines of which formed the whole of their
known world.

Then one sunny morning the mother otter
started to dig at the roots of the cedar, and
presently she had completed a new entrance
to the den, so that when the cubs left it for
the first time they would do so by dry land,
and not by water. For, as I have told you,
otters were not always aquatic animals, and
their young do not take to the water natur-
ally, but have to be taught.

And in the lazy days that followed the
mother otter would take her babies (now
grown to sturdy striplings) down to the
shallow water at the edge of the pool, where
the bottom was soft and sandy, and where
there was no current to bother them.

After a few minutes of rolling, tumbling
play the mother would enter the water, with
the little ones clinging to her back, and would
slowly swim round and round, as if to give
them confidence—and then suddenly she
would dive from under them, and leave the
cubs struggling in the water. At first they
would splash and scramble their way to shore
as quickly as they could, as if in deadly fear
of this new element, but after a few lessons
they thoroughly enjoyed it, and began to
swim fearlessly—with the mother otter always
in close attendance ready to give them her
back to scramble onto should they grow
tired or become caught in the current.

As they grew, so they learnt, and the lessons
that a wild animal has to learn are many and
varied, and these little otters were no excep-
tion to the rule.

It is not enough to be able to swim; you
must swim so well and so quickly that you
can twist and turn quicker than the little
trout you are following, else you will go
hungry many times. Again, when you dive
you must not enter the water with a splash
that will frighten every fish in the pool, but
hardly make a ripple to show where you
weut in.

Sa

oo ie +
both have to be pimstered— thea 01 mie r
face swimming, the usual mode of travell
when all four paws are used; and the su 7
merged swimming, when you go down into
the depths of the big pools and twist and —
glide and turn in the excitement of the chase, :
leaving a little string of silver bubbles behind —
you to mark the course of your pursuit. —
On work of this sort only the front paws are
used; the hind feet hang out behind with the
heavy tail, and help to act as the rudder that —
is the cause of those marvellously quick and
sinuous turns that every otter has to be able ~
to command. «

But life was not all work, for the early
summer sunshine that flooded the world was
too gloriously golden, and even the parent
otters seemed to feel its infectious gaiety.

When rough and tumble gambols, and >
mock fights, terribly ferocious, and utterly —
harmless, and even that age old game of tag,
in the water and out of it, ceased to charm
them, then the mother otter would take her —
cubs further up the creek, where the water %
had eaten into a sandy bank. Here it was
deliciously slippery, and the journey to the
top was well repaid by the exhilarating slide
down, and into the water—and then twist —
and turn and chase each other back to shore ©
again in sheer exhuberance of strength, and ~
very joy of living!

There are fifteen miles of water between
the big falls and the lake—and somewhere ~
on that stretch is the family of otters. You |
may be lucky enough to catch a glimpse of
them on one of your fishing trips up the creek,
but you must go very silently if you would —
see them either at work or play, though the ¢
reward will compensate you many times for ‘
your hours of watching and waiting. Im any .
case the signs are there that he who runs
may read, and if you have eyes to see you
may find many silent records of the good
fishing of a very gentle angler—a brother
fisherman who loves the silent reaches of
running water, with its solitudes and beauty,
just as much as you do, and who makes
withal a very much better job of his fishi
than either you or I!

I FORE “entering upon a de-
scription of this gun trap which,
though not uncommon in this
country and probably quite familiar
to many who study the contents of
this publication, may yet prove of

- interest to those less versed in the

hundred and one odd devices for

& naring the wary runners of the

~¥ voods, let me say a word or two about

_ the good faith and childlike honesty

of the unsophisticated Canadian In-
lian. A strange mixing of subjects
~ you will say. Granted. My sole
excuse for thus connecting the two is
that the thought of one at once re-
called to mind the other and each, to
me, seemed equally interesting.

a > Herein I write not of the Indian race
— but merely of a couple of individual
cases. The Indian has a wide repu-
tation as a thief— ‘thieving Indians”
~ has become a by word among us—

and a word or two to the credit of the
red man may not be amiss. - The old

_ Cree hunter and guide who set for
me this gun trap and caught for me

& the finest timber wolf in my collection

is a brother to the chief of the Nelson

River Swampy Crees, one of the most
powerful tribes inhabiting the west

coast of Hudson Bay. He comes of

_forbears who all earned enviable

- reputations. In the little graveyard

of York Factory stands a marble slab

_ marking the last resting place of one

im _ Willham Wasteesecoot ,late chief of

the tribe and father of the subject

OL these immediate lines. The stone

was erected by officers of the Hud-

- son’s Bay Company whom he had

E served and the inscription states that

“he was a great hunter for sixty

years, spoke the truth, and paid his

last debt.” Who among us could
~ wish ‘a finer epitah? The son,

- William, bears his father’s name, and

deserves the same distinction.

I was wintering at the mouth of

4 the Nelson when one day there came

from Split Lake, two hundred odd

2s inland, an exploring party with

Alliam as their guide and hunter.

ne a up at our shack. Frgm the

) ys SET F

R. J. FRASER | “a

xm Sete
» ¢

had that winter removed three rusty
spring traps to supplement my limit-
ed outfit.

less we turned in our catch to them at
prevailing Indian prices.

inquired if we had seen aught of three
traps on the roof of his tribesman’s
dwelling, the same tribeman being
one William Utchekat, champion
hunter of the Nelson. As you will
probably remark William is a com-
mon name among the Swampy Crees.
Wasteescoot had hung these three
traps there five years ago, when he
had emigrated to the Split Lake dis-
trict. There they had remained un-
touched by the natives, many of
whom were poverty- -stricken and in
need of just such equipment, through-
out these many years. The Cree had
fully expected to find his property
just as he had left it even though he
failed to return for twice five years.
And I, a so-called Whiteman, whose
ethics forbade such an act, had lifted
the traps as legal spoil.

The mention of Utchekat recalls
another and perhaps more forcible
instance in which the deep-rooted
honesty of the Indian puts his white
“Master” (2) to shame.

Utchekat had been engaged as
hunter by us. In the fall of the year
we were living on board of a schooner
anchored in the river mouth though
on shore our winter shack stood ready
for occupancy with the winter’s sup-
ply of provisions within.
dian had been away up the coast to
get us a caribou but returned empty-
handed and arrived at the shack just
as a three days’ gale broke upon us
and held us prisoners on the vessel.
It was impossible for us to land and
take him on board but we did not
worry as the shack was open and
shelter and food in plenty there to
which the old hunter was quite
welcome.

On the fourth day we got ashore — es

and received the surprise of our lives.

1079

roof of an abandoned native camp aa.

The trading company ‘
would not sell us any equipment un- __

Imagine ©
my great astonishment when William ~

The In-.

6 UR: De

108

William Utchekat lay in a_ wattle
house made of willows inside of the
edge of the bush—half starved. There
was not a morsel of food in his camp.
He at once.demanded that he be

released from his contract as hunter ,

for the party. ‘“‘You left me on
shore without food or tobacco and
I am not accustomed to such treat-
ment,” he said.

We explained that it had been im-
possible for us to take him off or send
food ashore. But we never dreamed
of him as being in want. “There is
plenty of flour and bacon in_the
house. The door is open. Why
didn’t you help yourself? Had that
been your house and we in your
place we would have broken in if
necessary and taken your food.”

William looked his surprise, then
answered slowly. “I’ve never done a
thing like that yet and I’m too old +o
. begin now.” He left us the following
morning.

But now to return to Wasteesecoot
and the guntrap. For several nights
before the arrival of the Cree at our
camp we had found the tracks of a
large wolf circling our shack. There
was just enough snow on the ground—
it was late Autumn—+to show up his
footprints and their size assured us
that the beast must be an unusually
large timber gray. The Indian un-
dertook to get him for me. He wanted
to use my Lefever with double buck-
shot loads but I demurred and so a
Savage .303 was chosen _ instead.
The shot gun is more reliable but
luck was with us and the rifle turned
the trick. One hundred yards be-
hind the camp was a small stunted
juniper. Twenty yards from it he
drove a small crutch, both limbs
downward, into the ground. This
was to hold the bait. On both sides
of this leading away from the tree he
tossed some dry branches, thus form-
ing a lead or approach to the bait in
line with the tree. The old Indian
took great care to disturb as little as
possible the surrounding brush and
when the lead was finished I could

GIT

ROD AND GUI

scarcely note what alter ; hac

been made in the immediate scenery. —
All looked as natural as before. To —
the tree trunk three feet above the —
ground William lashed the butt of the
rifle so that the trigger guard just
cleared the tree on the side faci

the bait. The barrel was Beet
by a forked stick. A ptarmigan was
split open and stuck under the
crutch on the side farthest from the
gun and a light line attached to the

bird led through the crutch to the ~
end of a stick that, lashed crosswise ~
to the tree passed through the guard ~
and bore against the trip. The 4
slightest pull on the bait exerted a
leverage on the stick and fired the
rifle. The latter was finally sighted
to fire six inches above the bait, two
inches being allowed for an “upkick”’.
Then William slipped a shell into the
chamber and the trap was set and —
ready. :

That night a practical joker in the
party routed both the Indian and
me from our warm blankets by firing
off his gun outside of the shack. He
probably scared our victim away for
we found tracks within a hundred —
yards of the trap in the morning.
The next night William carefully set
the rifle as before and at daylight
we found a huge gray timber wolf
lying frozen stiff with a .303 slug ~
through his spine not over twenty —
yards from where he had incautiously
closed his jaws on the tasty ptarmi-
gan. At what hour he was shot no ~
one knew as the report had failed to ~
arouse us. "i

The wolf measured eight feet two
inches from the tip of his snout to the —
end of his beautifully furred brush. —
A bristling mane of heavy stiff black
and white hairs stood erect from the ~
back of his head to half way down —
his spine. He was one_of the finest —
specimens of his breed that it has
been my good fortune to see trapped —
in the north country. Even old
Wasteesecoot seemed proud of the
success of his setting. 7

‘ =
& ’ Cm
“ss

O loll in the shade in the long,
lazy afternoon; to whip the
turbulent streams for trout; to

explore the unknown reaches of some
wilderness stream, with one’s entire
home packed in the canoe; to sleep
in the open with the cool, summery
breezes playing over one in the night
—yes, the summer camp has its
charms! But, for my own part, the
winter camp is the place to rest, to
relax, and forget the nerve-racking
cares of life in the hustle-bustle city.

A snug log cabin in the shelter of
the spruce; a generous supply of
beech and maple piled at the door;
venison in the larder; a bed of springy
fragrant balsam boughs; a few hun-
dred square miles of wintry woods,
frozen lakes and rivers—this is the
“Winter Camp!”

The wind moaning in the chimney,
the hard snow particles rattling
against the window,—a great many
yarns have been told. Pipes are
knocked out and each one slips into
his bunk.

Evening in the winter camp!

Without all is wild and cold and
stormy. Within all is snug and
warm and comfortable.

When morning breaks perhaps the
storm has abated and the sun turns
the weird shadowy woods into a
world of crystal, sparkling purity.
The blue smoke from the chimney
sails straight upward into the hard
blue sky, while the mercury says it
is thirty below!

Breakfast over—now for a swing
over the trap-line, a feat that will
put more bloom into the cheeks than
a week spent in whipping a stream or
poling a canoe (and canoeing, mind
you, is no child’s play). Home for
dinner with a man-sized appetite
making itself felt, for snow-shoeing
is a man’s work. Then, if you have
been lucky and the creatures of the
wild unlucky, you may have a few
pelts to take care of.

There are still a few hours of day-
light left, and here the camper’s
_ Personal idea of enjoyment will make

&
TF

THE WINTER CAMP

P. W. PARKINSON

itself felt. He may go camera hunt-
ing, for the winter woods offer splen-
did opportunity for this pastime.

Armed with his favorite camera
he sallies forth, keen on the look-out
for creatures of the wild in uncon-
scious pose: for frozen, ice-laden
water-falls framed in a setting of
sombre snow burdened spruces, all
a-glitter in the slanting afternoon sun.

Pictures you will prize, these when
at home—perhaps it is a wild blustery
night, one that reminds you of a cer-
tain night incamp. You get out the
album; your feet are stretched out
on the wolf rug before the open fire
in your den. Your pipe is drawing
finely—the leaves of the album are
turned, picture after picture passes
dreamily before your eyes—mem-
ories!

But to return to the woods. Per-
haps the camper is a descendant of
Isaac Walton and will cut the new
ice off the fishing-hole in the lake
and have a mess of speckled beauties
for supper, fish that, on account of
the icy cold’ water are wonderfully
firm and delicious, far superior to fish
taken from the same water in sum-
mer. Besides it is out of season,
which tends to improve the flavor.

If he happens to have a bit of
naturalist in his make-up—but wait—

Has the reader ever enjoyed the
privilege of sitting quietly in the
woods and watching an animal ap-
proaching a set, or something it im-
agines is dangerous and is suspicious
of? If not you have missed a treat.
It is well worth waiting for, even if
it is cold and you are in a hurry to
get back to camp.

Coming home late one afternoon
from a trip into the Post Office for
my mail (a distance of about seven

‘miles from camp; I decided to go

around a little out of my way to have
a look at a trap I had out for a fox
that made an almost daily trip over
the same runway, passing not far
from my camp.

The trap was up the runway a
little way about a half mile from

1081

a alt ty Se

1082.

my camp, set where the runway
passed between an old stub and a
big rock on a little knoll. It was an
ideal place for a set, as a little spruce
tree, growing up beside the boulder,
spread its branches protectingly over
the space between, sheltering the
trap from the weather.

I had started out with every in-
tention of making it a blind set, but
had tucked a rabbit in a crevice in the
rock as an extra attraction, thinking
it would make him manoeuver around
more and lessen his chances of missing
the trap. Perhaps it would have
been better without it.

I arrived at the set just at dusk,
that mystic hour, which is second
only to the moonlight in converting
the woods from everyday forest scen-
ery into mysterious, dusky isles and
dark, spruce protected openings.

Not wishing to go too near the
set, I pulled up as soon as I came
into plain sight of it. There was
nothing in it. I could see that at
a glance, but I stood for a moment
scrutinizing it closely to see if there
were any fresh tracks or if it had been
disturbed in any way.

Straining my eyes in the failing
light prevented me from seeing pro-
perly as I turned, but I saw something
and I felt sure it was a fox. He was
just leaving a little knoll, much the
same as the one | stood on. Before
I got a second look, however, he had
disappeared into the clump of stunted
spruces that covered the little swale
that separated the two knolls.

I stood perfectly still and waited
until I felt sure he was far enough
into the bushes to hide my movements
from him, then backed up against
a tree and sat down on my heels,
my back against the tree, my rifle
across my knees, and waited.

What the fox found to interest
him in that swale I cannot tell, but
it was fully fifteen minutes before he
came out. Fifteen minutes is not a
very long space of time, but it was a
very cold night and I was not in the
most comfortable position imagin-
able, which, of course, made it seem
a great deal longer.

I was just about to shift my posi-
tion to one that would allow me to
wiggle my toes to restore the circula-

tion i in i them se my € y
movement about ten feet bh ack in —
the bushes; I knew he was com in ld
and sat perfectly still. oy

He came out about twenty last
from the place his tracks showed %
he usually did, but made straight —
for the big rock and stub immed- z
iately. &

The delicate tracings of mice tracks —
that made a net-work of the snow in
the vicinity of my set were undoubted- "
ly the real attraction. 2

Now the fun began! :

When about five feet from the set
he stopped suddenly, one foot up- —
lifted, his keen, twitching nose out- —
stretched and sniffed, sniffed, sniffed. —

Frozen rabbit does not give off a
very strong scent and I began to fear —
it was myself he had scented although —
I was all of fifty feet away and there }
was no wind whatever. < §

It was the rabbit that was interest- ¥
ing him all right, for he moved around ~
to the other side of the stone to sniff —
from another angle. |

After satisfying himself what it was es
he advanced a foot or so very, very —
cautiously and sniffed again, then —
jumped back and raced around the ~
set in a circle, frisking and leaping ©
like a playful puppy.

Suddenly he stopped, sat down —
like a dog, his mouth open, tongue
lolling out and surveyed the scene ©
in a most humorous attitude. I
could hardly keep from laughing out- —
right at the picture he made. 4

He came down to business again in =
a moment, however, and advancing ©
a step or two, made another inspec- —
tion, then turned and trotted away!

#
When he got to the top of the knoll :
I intended trying a shot at him, just ~
at the moment when he would be ©
silhouetted against the sky, but he ©
never got that far. He stopped and ~
looked back over his shoulder as if —
he expected something to be follow- —
ing him, then turned and came back ~
and went through the whole per- —
formance again! 3

If he did this once he did it a half 4
dozen times. I was by far too in- ©
terested to note the exact number of a
times, but I do know I waite =
long the last time, for he disappe
over the top of the knoll.

| gone, ei I can’t
ertainly expected nothing
h e evening’s performance,
acl. quite forgotten about my
toes, in fa ct they were not cold
all any more. Once the object
my interest was gone, however,
realized that I was still in a very
ncomfortable position.
_ Again, just as I was about to shift,
§ feet ing happened. This time it
was only a rabbit —a big, white
d Northern hare. I did not actually
see him come. I merely caught a
movement and there he was, sitting
: just at the edge of the bushes, giving
=

q

a. the impression that he must
ave been there always. He sat
motionless a moment, then turned
his head, wiggled his big ears and
wrinkled his queer little nose and
started hopping leisurely along the
edge of the bushes.

THE TALE

$g y SSA P Whe, oS ele
eee

‘
De
f

NE day the latter part of Oc-
eo tober, two of my fox hounds,
- Jip and Rose, took it into their

t Henas to have a hunt on their own
Poe anki, i
Jip was allowed her freedom at all
times as she never offered to go to
the woods alone. And the rest of
my hounds were in an enclosure sur-

‘ rounded by an 8-foot woven wire
_ fence.

This day Rose who was a persistent
eGieeer found a weak spot and made
a hole large enough to get under the
wire, and they were off to the woods
Pbticed by me. Not knowing they

: were gone I was very much surprised

_ to hear the pair in full cry evidently

after a fox. They were running him

In a strip of woods bordering the

Grasse River. The steady roll of

_ the music, Jip’s high tenor and Rose’s

softer alto, was almost more than I

could stand, but foxes were yet un-

prime and besides I was rushed with

k, so that I contented myself by

asionally stopping work to listen

e music as they drove Sir Renard

J. A. McKInNon

sale the Rushie’ right it
top of the bunny. With a frigh
squeak the rabbit tried to side jur :
from his doom, but the long jaws of
the fox, the very one I had been z
watching I felt sure, closed over ere
back and the rabbit straightened out
on the snow.
The pale,
down unpityingly; away over on the ~
hillside another fox hopped, causing
this one to raise his head and listen,
but he did net answer. pit:

wintry moon looked —

“JT might as well add ‘the climax Bac

to this little tragedy,’ I thought,

and the rifle began to travel, but Vag

first, toward my shoulder.

The light was poor, (moonlight
being very deceptive light to shoot
by), but the distance was short. I
touched the trigger and—

There were two dead, silent shapes,
stretched on the snow!

OF A TAIL

over the familiar runways. That
night I sat up till 10 p.m. listening and
reflecting how easy it would be to
head off the fox as the hounds took
him over many familiar places, where
in previous seasons, when fur was
prime I had bagged numbers of the
sly bushy tails. Finally the fox cross-
“ed the River at the Rapids and the
sound of the running dogs gradually
became fainter as the chase led them
over a range of sand hills. The last
I heard of them they were heading
for Regaud Mountains, a distance of
seven or eight miles away, and as
foxes very often made that run, I
concluded that I would not see the
hounds back that night, so I went to
bed. The dogs did not return till
2 p.m. next day. Jip had evidently
been in close quarters with the fox as
she had several bad cuts about the
nose and another bad gash over an
eye. The incident was almost for-
gotten when my old friend and brother
sportsman, Baptiste Seguin, who by
the way is over eighty years of age,
and still a sportsman, was out one

eats (1: Sepa

day looking the ground over for

‘skunk dens and came across a hole
where a pair of dogs had done an
enormous lot of digging. At the
mouth of the hole he found a fox tail
broken in three pieces and as there
were no men’s tracks around in the
sand, he concluded that the dogs
had been having a little sport by
themselves. It did not take me long
to connect this evidence with the
cuts on Jip’s nose. However, I was
pretty sure that the fox had made
good his escape when he had severed
connections with his tail as Rose
was only seven months old and could
not give much assistance in a fight
with a full-grown fox.

The scene will now shift to a fine
calm day in the month of February
the following winter. An ideal snow
had fallen over a solid crust which
made it a grand time to chase the
sly reds, an opportunity which is
seldom missed by the writer, as my
occupation as bee keeper and apiary
inspector, in: the summer months
affords me ample time for hunting
all winter.

This February morning ,I took
Carlo and started for the River.
Carlo was in exceptionally good spirits
that morning and I could see him
loping along until he suddenly opened
up in fine style, which told me plainly
old Reynard had not passed very long
before. The chase led through the
first'patch of woods, then the music
came in a steady stream, from the
fields on the south side. After wait-
ing about half an hour on a familiar
fox runway I concluded that old red
had decided to do his running in the
fields where the footing was good,
and as there was only one dog after
him, chances were that he would
circle there some time before shifting.

Accordingly I moved over, the
hound was running the fox most of
the time by sight, across a gully that
ran into the river a short distance

from there. | aited pa
another half hour at the edge o
woods, while Carlo was doing his |
to overtake the fox,—most of
time where I could see the whole per-
formance. The only time fox and
dog were out of sight was when they
crossed the gully or ran for a hundred

x

> ,
7 Ji
hi
a

wy

yards or more along the creek bot- —
It was about two hundred and

tom.
fifty ‘yards to the top of the gully.

In circling the fox rarely came closer —
to where I waited in hiding than —

one hundred and fifty yards, so I de-
cided to take a chance at crossing the
open.
and as soon as fox and dog disappear-
ed over the top of the gully I started.
I covered about seventy-five yards
of the distance when the noise of the
hound told me it was best to stop and
crouch down. Renard came up the

v1
i
.
z

7

a 4

The wind was in my favor ©

embankment and making a larger —

circle than usual made directly for
where I lay flattened out on the snow.

When within about eighty-five yards —

of me, I saw he noticed something ~

that had escaped his vision before.
Still he came, then when within sev-
enty-five yards of me he stopped. I
did not even blink an eye. I knew
the distance was too long to risk a
shot with No. 2 shot. Carlo by this
time was drawing closer to the fox

and almost before he knew it he had ©

to move on. He-started at an angle
directly for the gully but each jump
was bringing him a little closer.
When he was directly opposite and
sixty-five paces away, I gave him a
charge from the No. 10 and then three
more as fast as I could work the lever.

Springing to my feet I soon came to

the top of the gully where Carlo had
overtaken him and was rolling him
around in the snow. ‘I had noticed
that he had a peculiar tail. Picking
him up I soon discovered that part of

that member had been bitten off in —

some. previous engagement. Then

‘
4

I remembered my old friend and the 2

three pieces of tail.

+

i>?

HE following account concerns

a deer hunt on Dickson’s Moun-

tain lying on the west side of
Calabogie Lake within sight and
sound of High Falls on the Mada-
waska River.

The mountain club consists of R.
J. Charbonneau and Tom and George
Charbonneau of Arnprior, James Be-
langer, Anna Belanger, Mrs. M. Milne
and Miss K. Kennedy of Barryvale,
all of whom enjoy nature in all its
moods and look forward every year
to the pleasure of the red deer chase.
Although this means a fortnight of
strenuous exertion no person inter-
ested in the sport gives a thought to
its hardships, such_a hardship as is
endured, for instance, when bringing
out a ‘250 pound buck along a trail
some four or five miles in length.
“It’s worth the price,” is the con-
sensus of opinion when the buck is
hanging in a conspicuous place at
headquarters and we hear members
of other clubs that pass that way
exclaim: “If we were only lucky
enough to get one like him!”’

The first four days of the season
we were busy getting our members
acquainted with the hunting grounds
and locating the hiding places of the
big game. On November 6th every
member of the club was ready for
the mountain long before daybreak
and a jolly good bunch they were as

~they left headquarters (the Belanger

abode).

Each morning thereafter as we left
headquarters we were bombarded by
good wishes for our luck and safety
by Madame Belanger, who was our
main support, as she acted as chef
and prepared for us meals that stood
us in good stead on our long walks
and tramps through the woods and
over the hills. Each night as we
entered the house the aroma of the
goodies she was preparing for our de-
lectation made us forget the fatigues

OF THE MOUN
AT HIGH FALLS ON THE
MADAWASKA

ASC, SS:

4 Sy i eae *

ae on fe
‘
.

t

of the day and after supper it was Be

amusing to listen to the deer stories

that were told, sometimes, with a a

conservative regard for the truth.
Of course every one had at least one
wonderful experience each day and
we all enjoyed telling it and what
good shots we were. No dogs were
used, the club preferring to give the
deer a fair chance for their lives.
Anna Belanger was the first mem-
ber to lay low a deer. With a single
bullet she secured a buck weighing
250 pounds, the bullet striking the
animal behind the ear. He at once
fell in a heap and very soon Annie
was beside him. Being without a
knife another bullet was* used for
the purpose of bleeding. Members of
the club were scattered over the moun-
tain and one of them hearing the shots
and knowing the sound of Annie’s .35
Standard made quick haste in her
direction to find her standing beside
the pride of the mountain wearing a
broader smile on her face than had
perhaps ever been seen there before.
When a deer is running in the woods
two hundred and fifty yards off it
takes a sharp shooter to get him with
one shot. The next question was,
‘How will we go about getting him
out to headquarters?” He was lying
at least four miles from there and
time was too precious to think of
drawing him out that distance. It
was decided therefore to sling him
high in a tree out of reach of any
hounds, that might come that way,

- hoping that before many days we

would be favored with some snow
which makes a deer slip over the
ground very easily. Sure enough the
snow came and with three of our
muscular members hitched to the
big buck he soon reached headquar-
ters.

On November 7th we started out
again with every hope of a good day’s
luck. There were three inches of snow

1085

1086

a Sires y
and the weather was very mild which
made it ideal for still hunting. We
left headquarters at 7 a.m. crossing
to the west side of the Madawaska
River where lies Dickson’s Mountain
and her twin sister. We walked some

ANNIE B. POSING WITH HER BIG BUCK: TWO FELL BEFORE HER RIFLE :

few hundred yards from the river.
Here we halted and James B. being
thoroughly acquainted with every
foot of the hunting ground was re-
quested to put us in place so that
anything on the mountain that morn-
ing would not have a chance to escape
us. James directed George C., and
Annie B. to take the north end of the
mountain and keepclose watch while
he and Tom C. would come up from
the south end. The boys filled their
clays and off we started. .
About an hour’s time had elapsed
when we reached the resting place
on the side of the mountain. George
and Annie stopped to get their wind
for a few moments and “as Jim had
suggested kept close watch, keeping
their eyes upon the ridges on the other
side of the ravine. For a time there
was nothing in sight then just as they
had expressed their wish that some-
thing might put in an appearance a
buck and doe came bounding down
the side of the mountain not more
than seventy-five yards off. Very
soon you could hear “Bang! Bang!
Bang!’ and the doe dropped and

Pde ecs aang fi.
stayed there. —

feet.

was so excited and frighte
way to safety and we turned the |
rifles on him, breaking his hind leg,
the bullets piercing him through the

4

ji

+ meh Be

al

ee
ey Oe

~ Yep Ssh ay A Rw

shoulders. He disappeared in the
thicket but we felt sure he was ours 3
for the blood was flowing freely from _
the wounds. By this time James
appeared higher up on the mountain ¥
and shouted, “Did you get him?”
to which we replied that we certainly $
had got him. Jim had chased the E
deer over the mountain to us as he
had promised he would do when we
set out and when he came up to ~
where we were he wore a somewhat
pleased expression because it was
evident we had all done our part so
well. We then started down the
ravine to find where our big buck ~
lay. He had run a couple of hun-
dred yards and then being overcome
by loss of blood was compelled to
stretch out on the ground where he
lay as though dead. Annie seeing ~
him lying in this position ran up be-
side him and shouted to the boys to
bring on the knife, but behold he was
not dead but sprang to his feet mak-
ing a leap of some fifteen or twenty
By good luck George and Jim

were right on the scene and placing
two more bullets in his head soon

ea

iy Ae
nd

ee ee ht ia to the ground for the

last time. This was luck to be re-

membered. It was not yet 9 a.m.
and we had a buck of 210 pounds and
a doe of 150 pounds placed to our
credit. The other members of the
club were scattered over the moun-
tain but no such luck was in store
for them that morning. George and
James again filled their clays and
with the smoke curling over their
heads we proceeded to the dining
place on the other side of the moun-
tain, leaving our buck and doe in
readiness to pull out to headquarters.
It was only play for the boys to bring
these out as there was a good trail
down the mountain and the deer
slipped along over the snow as easily
as a toboggan.

Before we reached our dining place
we again saw a good sized deer walk-
ing up the side of the mountain four
or five hundred yards off. We three
pulled on her, giving her a close shave
and needless to say she made a hur-
ried exit. Thinking we might have
struck her we walked across to the
place where she was when we fired
and found that our bullets had buried
themselves in the ground a few inches
above her. That did not discourage
us a bit, however. It was a long
shot and we were not so particular
about getting one there, as the trail
was rough and it would have been a
difficult matter to pull one out. “We
always make a point of getting our
deer on clean ground anyway,” thus
we comforted ourselves.

Finally we reached the place where
we were to have dinner and were met
by the others who congratulated us
on our good luck. Good Madame
Belanger’s dainty though substantial
lunch was eaten around the camp-
fire and greatly enjoyed. We dis-
cussed over our lunch the morning’s
luck and the direction we should
take for the afternoon. When every
one had finished eating, two cf our
lady members, who were growing
somewhat impatient at not having
had the sight of a deer stood up and
exclaimed, of course in jest, that
should they not get a deer before
sunset that night they would resign
from the club. Mr. R. J. Char-
bonneau who so far had met with

OUTING OF THE MOUNTAIN CLUB ~

BM nie

no success, said little but appeare
to have full confidence that he would
get a trophy before the season closed. —
He is a good sport and always looks
on the bright side. As for Tom
Charbonneau he likes to leave the —
impression that he does not care ~
whether he gets his deer or not. The
previous afternoon he had started a
big buck on the side of the mountain
and had followed him almost three
miles in the direction of headquarters.
Tom walked on and on until he cross-
ed the public road on the west side
of the river where he found a com- *
fortable spot on Donnely’s Point at
the head of Calabogie Lake. There
he lay and listened for his coming.
James B. came on the scene before
Tom had come within close enough
range to start him again and Jim
knowing how to place things and
wanting to give Tom a chance to
make a name for himself suggested
that he would follow the track while
Tom would get on a good high spot
and watch for Mr. Buck coming back
out from the Point. Well, he got in
place and Jim proceeded on the track.
In about five minutes’ time Jim start-
ed him. He made a few desperate
leaps and with them was out of Jim’s
sight, passing within fifty yards of
Tom. What happened to Tom no
one will ever know or why he did
not get him. In about five seconds
Tom emptied his rifle of five bullets,
not one of which touched the big deer.
One to hear him would have thought
he was using an Automatic. I think
it is safe to say he had an attack of
buck fever and when this is the case
we always have to listen to a hard
luck story. No one cares to admit
having had a touch of this fever.
When Jim reached Tom he asked
him where his buck was lying but
poor Tom was forced to acknowledge
he was still bounding over the moun-
tain.

Although Tom had had such a fine
chance he did not lose courage but
made up his mind more determinedly
than ever that the other sharp shoot-
ers would not see him returning to
Arnprior without something to which
to attach his license tag.

Meantime the end of the season was
drawing near and there were still

4 e Fa Sa Ned
AND GUN

yy

three deer to be got.
13th we started out for another day
of excitement and good luck, we
hoped. R. J. Charbonneau felt that
this might be his lucky day and sure
enough before twelve o’clock he had
laid low his trophy, a fine big deer
with a magnificent set of horns. So
proud was he of his achievement that
we could not persuade him to stay
in camp any longer but by four
o'clock of that same day he and his
buck were aboard the train at Barry-
vale billed for Arnprior. R. J. was
taking home the first deer he had
ever shot and he was as proud of it as
he used to be of our Christmas stock-
ings from Santa Claus.

It was now the morning of the 14th
and we were one member short, R.
J. being at home telling all his wonder-
ful experiences.

The time was getting short but we
all set out that morning with full
confidence that the day would bring
our count up to the last notch. By
dinner time not a shot had been fired
by any of our members. The deer
seemed to have learned that the
mountains were a poor place for safety
while the license of the Mountain
Club held good. After dinner we
made another start and less than half
a mile from where we had had dinner
and before we had separated there
came in sight, at a distance of about

_ three hundred yards, a nice big doe.

a

FERRETING FAIRLY ~ :

GORDON DANA

N the December number of
Rod and Gun, there appeared
a letter from a “Dog Lover”
who asserts that ferreting for rabbits
is not a sportsmanlike proposition.
Now this “Dog Lover” could not have
indulged very often in this sport or
he would not have made such a state-
ment.

Ferreting for rabbits can be made~

as sportsmanlike as one wants it to
be, for like everything else it can be
done well, or otherwise. If the writer
of:that letter would take a ferret and

On November It: was a ealing 4 its ae eee

- then lay down.

at the end of the mountain, re
never reached the hiding place BD Ce ah a
which it had set out, for five rifles — Pe
were turned on it and of course it was
slain although it would have been —
difficult to say who the slayer was.

This last kill brought our number i
up to five and there was just one
day left to look forward to. On the
15th we still had the snow but only
three members remained to take full
advantage of the license, James B. 2
having returned to Renfrew, Mrs. 7
Milne to Arnprior and the others to F.
their homes near Calabogie. se

George, Tom and Annie were all
that were left. Tom had one more
chance to redeem himself and’ he did
so in a very lively manner. We }
had been out about two hours when .
Tom spied a nice doe and at ence 3
pulled on her, firing three shots from
his .30 U.S. each bullet doing its ¥.
work. The doe made a few leaps and Z
Tom placed his tag
on it and took it with him to Arnprior.

Two of the lady members of the
club were not successful in securing bE
a deer, although they declared they —
had enjoyed every minute of the out- Z
ing. Certainly they were the life of
the club and always retained their
good spirits no matter how the luck
went, being always ready with a ~
word of cheer for the others. Si.

a rifle, I repeat a rifle, some fine day
in season when there is about an inch
or more of freshly fallen snow on the
ground he would have some sport —
that would straightway make him —
change his opinion. ;

Tracking rabbits may sound easy,
but it isn’t. It is difficult to tell a
freshly made track from an old one, ;
_and more difficult, when there is a
\perfect_ net-work of tracks, to find —
out if Mr. Cottontail is at home or a
not. After you have succeeded ing 2%
tracking one to its burrow, then th

ommences.
_ of its snug, warm sack in your pocket

and muzzle him. If you are fortunate

enough to own one of those patented

ferret-muzzles it is easy, if not you
will have to make one yourself out of
a bit of string. If you don’t Mr.
Ferret may be skillful enough to catch
the rabbit on its way out. The
writer had an experience of just that
sort. His ferret slipped its muzzle,
caught a rabbit and took a vacation
for three days. Fortunately the bur-
row was in the side of a rocky cliff and
the writer was able, with the aid of a
few stones, to dam up the entrance
and keep the ferret a prisoner until
the meal was over. It was a long
meal, but upon my third visit to the
hole, I found the poor little fellow
scratching to get out. He was very
full of dinner, covered with blood and
apparently overjoyed to see me. He
was thirsty and I doubt if he would
have come out then had it not been
for the scarcity of water.

Of course to make this sport really
sportsmanlike, you must give the
rabbit a chance. Let him get out of
the hole, give him a good ten yard
start, then shoot away. Unless the
hunter is a good shot his gamebag at
the end of the day will be surprisingly
light.

It is fun to work with a ferret. If

Take the ferret out —

oe treated they become a
fectionate pets but otherwite they
just the opposite.

ferret.

One day while hunting in fairly ,

deep snow I turned my ferret in a
burrow on the side of a little mound. —

There was a heavy crust on the sur- "

face and pretty soon I heard a terrific
commotion.
three rabbits out of the hole and they
were trying to break through the
crust which was much too heavy.
After pocketing my ferret I broke
down the snow so that they might
escape but they remained hidden
until I had gone.

To hunt rabbits in very deep snow
is as most everyone knows the most
tedious job there is. Of course with
snowshoes it is easy but with the crust
tearing at your shins as you go tramp-
ing up and down hill, searching for
tracks, it is enough to make you at-
tack the steaming supper at home
with something like ferocity. It is
true that many people ferret for
rabbits most unfairly and the instance
that the ‘““Dog Lover” cites is excep-
tional. But to my mind, shooting
Cottontails over a ferret is one of the
best of sports, and I have tried a good
many.

The writer has a:
small scar on his left hand as a resu ts
of carelessly handling an abuse o.

The ferret had started

THE HUNT OF THE STAR’
CLUB

Wan. HIcKSON

music of the dogs in the chase, and the

sight of the fleet footed buck bound-
ing along a runway, played upon my im-
agination, night and day, till I was almost
impatient for the arrival of the first morning
of the hunt.

Indeed the pleasures derived from our
imagination often excel the realities of the
chase, and it is in a way analogous that our
occasional excursions into the regions of
imagination, increase our interest in those
familiar realities from which the stores of
imagination are borrowed.

A the first of November drew near, the

Nine of us mustered on October the 31st,

-at the comfortable and commodious hunting

camp, at the south end of Bass Lake, in the
Township of Galway, and owned by Mr.
James Bardeau. Two of the boys of last
year’s hunt, Lawrie and Brownie, were “‘over-
seas hunting Huns.” We all realized that
they were fighting our battles in Europe,
and we often spoke of them and wished them
a safe return, when once more we and they
would fraternize in the old hunting camp,
with unmixed pleasure, for after all, the un-
adulterated pleasure we get from the health-
ful days in the woods in close touch with
nature, the pleasant associations with one
another, and the social evenings in the camp
where interesting games and excellent music
make the time seem all too short—this in-
deed is the great boon of the hunt—of course
if the party secures its legal count it adds to
the outing, but getting the legal number
should not be made ‘“‘the be all’’ and “the
end all’? of the hunt. The Great Parent of
creation has provided happiness for all, if
His creatures but take it. The young of
all animals receive great pleasure by just
exercising themselves, as is evidenced by the
playful young foxes or lambs, but happiness
is found no less with the purring cat, than
with the playful kitten, or I suppose dozing
age in the armchair has no less pleasure than
the hunter in the sprightly animation of the
chase, but I must stop philosophizing on
pleasure or Ill have an unadorned essay on
it and its sources. The point I wish to make,
is that the harmony and unanimity of a party,
and the days we spend in the forest, in touch

1090 Has

_ bringing his deer down at the second shot.

=

tT
¥
ool
<

" ‘
> fe es

UNT

ok eae

a

with nature, constitute the chief end of
the hunt. I have fished and hunted with
many parties and clubs and I have been with
“the fish hog’”’ and “the game hog,” and I
must say I never enjoyed their company,
when the “game hogs’ thought of nothing
else but getting a big haul of fish or the legal
number of game, and then hiking for home.
The members of our club come to camp the
day before the hunt and leave the day after
so that this gives each the full benefit of the
two weeks’ outing.

During this period this year we killed and .
got nine deer and missed one buck. Karl
killed two bucks, one on the first day and ©
one on the sixth. “Cap’’ Bottum killed three,
two does anda buck. This experienced Nim-
rod lived in Bobcaygeon and ran a steamboat,
the ‘‘Maple Leaf,’”’ on the Kawartha Lakes for
some years. “Cap” has a great failing for
taking long walks, and Karl tried to emulate
him, but was nearly fainting by the way,
and the “Cap” had to enjoy a siesta for a
couple of hours after his arrival at camp,
so it is not at all likely that “‘Cap’’ and Karl
will ever again test their walking abilities in
this way. Let it be said that both jumped
out in good time for breakfast the next morn-
ing fresh as ever for the hunt. “Cap” de-
clared he had the deer mesmerized, but we
all concluded that Joe had stolen his art, for
a nice doe tried hard to get in the canoe with
Joe, and he had to shoot it without taking
aim at all. Joe, who is a skilled musician,
a dead shot and an expert dancer, shot two
deer—a deer once sighted by Joe is as good
as dead—for one has never escaped him yet..

Hugh, who is home from the “trenches on
leave of absence,” and who received three
bullet wounds and one shrapnel wound, while
fighting for you and me in France, shot a
large doe on the keen run, at a distance of
150 yards, through a tangle of tag alders.
This was the first and only chance he got —
and he proved his skill with the rifle by ©

“Jimmy,” who is our captain, always puts |
out our dogs. After he gets ‘‘a start,’’ he al- —
ways makes for a runway, but generally he i
is just in time to see the dogs go by, so he got —
very little shooting for the two past season 4

THE HUNT OF THE STAR HUNTING CLUB 1091

but on the last day of the hunt this year, Dick and Eric saw a fine buck crossing
he shot a nice buck on a main runway.4 We Nogie’s creek on the eleventh. Dick noted
were all glad he got shooting, as it had been where he came out, so he ran up and down
a long time between shots for “Jimmy.” the east side of the stream looking for the

FROM TOP TO BOTTOM:

JIMMY THEZGUIDE SLIPPING HIS:PACK§IN ON THE SNOW.
PACKING THE DUNNAGE OVER THE TRAIL TO CAMP.
THE PARTY AT THE CAMP.

horned monarch, and
after going within ten
feet of his quarry, he
went up on a little knoll
about twenty yards dis-
tant, and then to his
surprise, he saw Mr.
Buck crouched in a
few bushes, just the
color of himself, watch-
ing him making his pil-
grimages up and down
the stream all the
while. Eric had taken
up a good position, and
was resting his rifle
on his left knee, ready to
open fire the instant
the buck would show
his portly form, but
Dick pulled on him first
and then the play
began with the buck
the main actor in the
drama. Ten or eleven
shots poured in on
him without deadly af-
fect. So the nimble
buck scampered off
through the copse wood
with his tail erect, just
as he had done many
a time before. Not a
drop of blood was
drawn! -‘‘How did I
miss him?” soliloquized
Dick, while Erie chor-
used, ‘‘Gum! doesn’t
that beat turkey trot-
ting! How did we miss
him?’ Curtain drops!

A. E. B. shot a fine
buck for the Read party,
and the writer did not
get a shot at a deer
this season. This is
the first time this has
happened in all my for-
mer hunts, and they
have been many.

I made a paSsing re-
ference to Joe’s musical
talents, but without any
particular 4 econiums

which they justly deserve. Karl who is an
ardent hunter, is also a sweet player on
the violin, and when Joe and Karl got the
mandolin and the violin going after supper,
he must have been a tired hunter if he did
not try a step dance. When an interesting
game was not on at the big table, a dance
was quite in order.

We visited the Read camp at the North
end of the Lake, and they visited us several
times in return. At each of these visits Joe
and Karl provided most excellent music for
a dance, and a dance there was every time.
The leader of the Read party whom we call
“Dick the Lion-hearted,”’ took great pleasure
out of these evening dances, and although
he is a heavyweight of over 200 pounds,
he would trip the light fantastic several times
each evening. “Dick” is a true sportsman
and is always ready to take part in any of
these sporting or social events in either hunt-
ing camp, with one ption and that is
smoking cigarettes and tnhaling the smoke
so that it oozes out’ of his nostrils. Yes,
Dick draws the line sharply here and says,
“No! No! boys! No more of them cigarettes
for me!’ ‘“‘Cap” in his good nature, prevails
rather much on “Dick” to use these vile things
but still*“‘Dick”’ sticks and replies “Ah! oh!
No! No! thank ye, you old fool!” and with a
wave of his right hand signals “Cap”. to put
the detested things out of his sight and ““Cap”’

A HUNT THAT WAS DIFFERENT

Dees je McVEIGH

HE human animal loves to tell of his
success, whether in love, in war, or
in other kinds of effort.

How many hunting stories that have ever
appeared in print have failed to tell of suc-
cess? In ninety-nine cases out of each hun-
dred, or nine hundred and ninety-nine out
of each thousand, the story is written with
the object_of telling how we killed the game.

And, as I said before, this is all right, but
there are so many, oh so many, that might
be written of non-success. Would it inter-
est the readers of Rod and Gun to read of
such a one? At any rate I will give them
the chance to read of an unsuccessful ex-
perience undergone by the writer.

To begin at the beginning I may say that
I wanted to try new country. That is, coun-
try that was new to me. So I wrote to a

has to obey slovie: and pti :

“Dick” calls out, ‘‘A set for a dan s!”
ard a set there is, in a jiffy and Dick dances
and calls off till all are tired. Then a ‘two- y
step or a clog dance follows and so the even- eof
ing passes merrily. The reciprocal visits of —
these two adjacent camps were much enjoyed
by all participants. This is as it should be, —
true fraternity in adjoining hunting camps.

Bt
WG

The writer has hunted near other camps
years ago, when never a social visit would be
made except two or three members of the
party might drop in, to tell you that their
dogs had run a deer that day or the day be-
fore and you had killed it, with a strong in-
sinuation that you had better hand it over.
to them and not do that kind of thing again;
and perhaps when the whole case would be
talked over, it would be found that their dogs
had not been near where you had shot that ©
particular deer. This kind of thing makes
an outing disagreeable for both hunting
parties, and should not happen among true
sportsmen.

The Read party hung up a dozen deer,
and so both of us got our “count’’ and had
a most healthful and enjoyable time.

We all returned to Bobcaygeon on the
16th, recuperated and invigorated for the
winter’s work, and hoping that we may all
be able to repeat it in 1917. eit Fe

friend, or one whom I supposed was a friend
and he promptly replied to come on and he
would see to it that I had my heart’s fee
Alas, and again, alas.
On the morning pf a certain day I, anda
companion, took a train for a certain place i
and there we met the friend who was to be ©
our guide. I cannot say that the country
looked good to me as it was too flat to please
the eye of a man all too fond of the hills.
But, like many before me, I was in the hands aa
of my friends and said nothing. a
Being fresh from an office where I had ©
been shut up for two years watching my
waist line get further out in front, I was in
no shape for hard work, and made that fact 4
known to all interested, and several, whom
I am now convinced were not interested.
In fact I feel sure they didn’t care one wh op
about the matter. \ a

ear

_ To limber up and get ready for the real
work we took a short trip of some five or
six miles the afternoon of the day we arrived
and even that made me regret the advance
of my front extension, or bay window, and
my legs gave me to understand that they
) objected strongly to the excess baggage I
had loaded onto them without giving them
a chance to practice carrying it around.

However, a good night’s sleep helped some,
-and next morning I was ready for the real
work. From where we were a branch rail-
way ran off to nowhere in particular and
back again, and seven miles out on this branch,
I was informed, was a place where the deer
were really too thick for keen sport, but as

_ We were not in condition for hard work we
would go there for one day anyway, and kill
a few for practice.

The dinky train running on the branch
went out at seven a.m., returning at eleven
and resting until seven a.m. again, so that
eleven a.m. being too early for us to come in,
I suggested that we arrange for someone to
come out after us, and here enters the villain
of the piece. Hjs name was not ‘“‘Mud,”

but we will call him that in print. We called
him many things you would not dare to
; print, but in this sad tale he shall be “Mud.”
] Now I can’t say that I liked the looks of
| “Mud,” but I want to describe him, and at
this time he acted better than his léoks, for
he came forward and offered to call for us
_ with his gas ¢ar at 5 p.m. Now remember
: he offered, nay, insisted that it would afford

_ him great pleasure to pick us up. Wasn’t
he going out past where we were, and com-
ing back again at 5 p.m. just the time to
a dot when we would want to start for home?

Do you, dear reader if you ever read this,
blame us for believing him? We didn’t
know him, but our friends seemed to. They
didn’t really as it turned out, but they seem-
ed to, and we went out on the train happy
with that foolish happiness that Knows no

. better.

Going out I noticed that the land was
flat all the way and getting worse. At seven
miles it was very low and where we left the
train we seemed to be in the heart of the
great dismal swamp, but we were told about
the dry ridges ‘‘further back’’ where the deer

_-were so thidk there was only room for three
or four moose. There would be more moose,
you understand, but there was no room for
them.

Now I don’t excuse myself for all that fol-

lowed. When I heard that “further back”
stuff, I should have known. How often I

cE ie a ase WAS.

IFFERENT

have met that good old “further back”
It is found i in all hopeless places, and’ I ha
been in many of them. But what could
we do? Oh I know we could have gone home
at once, but how many of you would have
done that on the first day out for two years? —
Anyway, we didn’t, and went into that .
swamp, and we went “further back” all
right, a blamed sight further back than we ;
had any business to go. And we waded
through water that came over our rubber
boots, and the water ran down inside. It
was cold water and I guess it wanted to
get warm, but it didn’t. One pair of feet
can’t warm a whole swamp tull of water.
That statement I stick to, and can prove it
by the fellows that were with me. I will
go further and say that tour pair of feet
cannot warm half the water in that swamp.

We went further back, as I said before,
but those dry ridges must have heard us com-
ing and gone on further for we didn’t catch
up to them, and we were so far back that ay
it would have been foolish to kill a deer for in
we couldn’t havé got it out. That was not
the main reason why we didn’t kill a deer
though. The main reasbn was because we
didn’t get a chance. If there are deer in
there they must be web-footed, but I can’t
prove that because I didn’t get a chance to
examine their feet. I am of the opinion that
they went still further back and took their
feet with them.

As the only dry place we had seen was
the railway track, we came out there to eat
our lunch, and at that we had a time to get
a fire started.

While we were eating lunch Mr. “Mud”
went gaily past in his little car and waved
a bottle at us as he went, but he didn’t slop.
Surely that should have warned us. Oh,
se blind and foolish. You who have even
a slight knowledge of the Good Book have
read these words, “Oh ye of little faith, etc.”
But take it from me too much faith is at
times worse, much worse, than none at all.
And if you are dealing with “Mud” the small-
est amount of faith is worse than fatal.

Don’t forget those wet cold feet, remem-
ber that Mud knew we didn’t have a bottle,
for we only use it in case of sickness or wet
feet, and then think of how our brains, or
what we call our brains, must have been 5
asleep to continue to have faith in him after
he had gone by without ,stopping. Stop?
Why he didn’t even hesitate. Just waved
the bottle and went on. Oh “Mud,” may
that bottle turn to ashes and dust in your
mouth. I didn’t like that mouth anyway.

'

1094

To go back into that swamp was beyond
even such fools as we were, and as we were
seven miles from anywhere we could only
make a bluff at hunting close to the track
and wait for Mud. Good old Mud who had
insisted on bringing us home promptly at
5 p.m. We were ready to go long before
five, believe me. But why worry, wasn’t
he coming along at five? Sure he was.

Looking back at it all now I believe we
had our doubts of the animal even then, but
the more we doubted the more we told each
other how sure he was to come. But the
time did seem long. Remember we were
cold, wet, hungry and tired. Just how cold,
how tived and how wet we were, I doubt if
I could make you understand. I had not
walked so much, nor had my feet wet for
two years, and there were others not in much
better condition.

Five o’clock came at last and it was dark.
Not so dark as it was later, oh dear no, but
dark. And no “Mud” except that on our own
feet. By this time we had walked about
one mile in the direction of home, so we fig-
ured we had six to go, and no “Mud.”

If anyone had asked me at 5 p.m. on that
fatal day, if I could walk another six miles
I wouldn’t have bothered to answer such a
fool question. Six miles! Great Scott I
didn’t feel equal to one mile. And how did
we know it was only six? Who said it was
six, was it “Mud?” I wouldn’t take his
word for a rod, to say nothing of six miles.

But what could we do, the only dry place
we had found was the railway track, and
_it was damp. But who wants to sleep on
a railway track anyway? The only thing
that we knew was that at some distance
south there was a village of a kind. We
knew that because we had been there and
seen it. If I ever have the bad luck to meet
“Mud” and he tells me there is such a place
I won’t believe it, even though I have seen it.

I am afraid I have allowed my feeling to
get ahead of me a little, but only a little.
For at five o’clock when we made a poor
half hearted bluff at walking south, we still
hoped. ‘Hope springs eternal in the human
breast.” The more foolish the breast the
more hope I expect. But we still hoped.
The wind was cold so we would just walk on
to keep warm, “‘Mud” would be along any
minute, sure he would. At that time had
anyone suggested that Mud had been tried
for murder and got™off for want of proof,
we would not have¥believed it. Not just

=e

' AN lt

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

a

“ bitgete® tn
Say i ete he a ic

then we wouldn’t but later, we’ll Saye eee
We walked and it got dark, and more dark,
and still we walked. Then we thought we

heard the car coming. Listen a moment. —

Oh ye of too much faith. How many times
did we stop to listen? How many times did
I go down on my knees and put my ear on
the rail to catch that slight hum that tells of
the wheel coming? I don’t know, but I
think I said it was dark, can I make you
understand how dark it was, I don’t know,
but it was so dark that my ear sometimes
found the rail sooner than I expected it would,
it didn’t hurt the rail at any time, and before
long it didn’t hurt me, much. I was too
numb.

And we walked, at times when we heard
the car coming and it didn’t; we gave each
other our fair and unbiased opinion of ““Mud.”
It was good stuff, I wish I could send it to
you, not for publication you know, but just
to show you what we could do, and it might
be useful sometime in case you ever met a
“Mud” of your own. But you know how
the postal people get peeved about things.

In such a country as I have hinted at you

would naturally expect to find many small
bridges and creeks. Well they were all there.
I don’t know how many. We had lost count
of everything. There were also sidings, with
switches at the ends of them. I don’t know
how many bridges or how many switches
we passed, but we could tell the difference
because the switches were all steel and iron
and they hurt more than the bridges when we
fell on them.

It is said that curses live and if that is true
and ‘‘Mud’”’ goes over those switches, he'll
get goose flesh down his back. It was at

such places mostly we found something to

say about him that we had overlooked up
to then.

There are many more things that I could
tell but what’s the use? The tact that I am
here shows that we did get home. (I had
grave doubts about that at times).

He may be some place with no water at all,
or he may be in that rotten swamp with too
much water. Either place is too good for
him.

This is a partial account of a hunt that is
not written to tell of success. There are

many others that have not been told. The © 4

only thing killed on that hunt was myself,

and I was only half dead. Who will be the ©

next to own up?

I don’t.
know where ‘‘Mud’’ is, and I don’t care.

=e Lee

Se We ee

E. V.

about 12.30 to take a chance at the
Shell-drakes or in fact any ducks that
might be flying.

Having thrown together a box of grub,
guns, shells, blankets etc., we each took up
our Remington Automatic shot guns (12
gauge). Let me tell you now it may not-
be the highest priced gun on the market
but it’s there with the goods when it comes
to killing our tough sea birds at any reason-
able range and is particularly good when shoot-
ing out of a small gunning skiff as nearly all
the recoil is taken up by the reloading mech-
anism.

However, I guess it will not do to start
talking guns as every hunter has his favorite
make and they are all good; furthermore
I am no gun expert and apt to get into trouble.

Arriving at the beach we loaded the dun-
nage, the decoys and ourselves into the boat,
and taking the gunning skiff in tow started
to row to the island where we were to camp.
We reached there about 3.30 in the afternoon.

After getting fire wood, digging out the
stove and attending to a hundred other
things that have to be done in a camp that
has not been used for a year, we got things
pretty ship-shape and were ready for a look
at the marsh, so away we started taking the
shovel and one gun.

Locating a good spot on a point of land
with a little creek running up either side,
we proceeded to make a blind. [I will not
go into details as every reader of bs maga-
zine has read the same dope a dozen times.
; It is sufficient to say that we took particular
care to make the outside blend with the
surrcunding scenery, setting our stool of
wooden ducks off the point where they
could be seen from any direction. As it was
-now beginning to get rather dark we started

M:* chum and I started out one afternoon

DUCK SHOOT

HoweE

¥.

flocks of black duck coming in from the sea
to their feeding grounds for the night. BY
Next morning we were up before the break —
of day, and after eating a cold lunch started
for the blinds, getting nicely settled down
just as it began to grow light. We could
just about make out the decoys plainly
when along came a pair of Shell-drakes
from behind us and would surely have come
to the decoys but we were moving around
and they spotted us and veered off and out
into the bay. In a very few minutes in
flew a flock of from twelve to fifteen and
waiting until they stuck out their legs to
light, we cut loose and after a very sad ex- A
hibition of shooting killed four of them. Pe.
However the bum shooting had the effect mo

}

4
x

hi

of somewhat settling our nerves and the next
bunch that came along we made a clean
sweep of five birds.

The wind came up with the sun and soon
the air was full of flying ducks. Every few
minutes there would be a bunch flop into
our decoys and off again with a few missing
from their ranks, but this could not last for-
ever and as the sun got higher the ducks
became fewer and soon the morning flight
was over.

I hung around some time longer while
my chum got the boat and rowed to the
other side of the creek and picked up the
birds finding nineteen Shell-drake, five Whis-
tlers and two Old-squaws.

That night just before dusk we added two
black duck to our string, dropping them as
they flew over the sand dunes to the marshes
and fresh ponds inland. Satisfied and hun-
gry we made our way back to camp, ate 4
hearty supper and about 9.00 o’clock the
tide being about right rowed back to land
and home finishing a most enjoyable trip.

i
4 =

MAO
DA

OE==10)

HAT question has been asked
many times of late. We be-
lieve that it can not be possible

that the “good” people of Ontario
realize, even faintly, the tremendous
rapidity with which the game of their
Province is being swept away.

Above all else are we sure that the’

fathers and mothers of Ontario do
not desire nor intend that twenty
years hence there shall be handed
over to their little sons and grandsons
a great Province ninety-five per cent.
destitute of game, and desolate.
Already, some “sports” are brag-
ging over having procured the two
hundred bag limit of Ducks this year
and are never silent in praising the
passage of the no-sale-of-Duck-law.
‘You do not desire, or intend, that
legitimate sport with a gun shall be-
come in Ontario an extinct pastime,—
do you? Surely you wish to give
Posterity a square deal. If our prem-
ises are true, then we say to you now;
Beware. The automobiles, good
roads, and too liberal laws, and I sus-
pect too much lawless shooting also,
are now sweeping your Provincial
game into oblivion at a fearfully
rapid rate. A hunter with an auto-
mobile can now cover from three to
five times as much ground in a day as
he did three years ago with a team
and wagon. We are exterminating
our game according to law. We must
have a daily bag-limit on ducks of
twenty-five. We must have a closed
season on squirrel of three years. We
must have a closed season on muskrat
of three years. We must set back

1096 is

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, ta de ibe Pye aay OF Tey is
‘ " A - i ah ’ ola iy i} A, vg pie U hi; Mh /

ard Cea ; tae et ty Y ”

M en eg i aU bid fi ,

| ae - ied
‘iso fee

| ic [Svea emaeaae {omm]! 5]

MATTERS PERTAINING TO
CONSERVATION. :-: :-:

WHAT'S THE MATTER WITH
ONTARIO SPORTSMEN ?

E. R. Kerr

-special fitness and ability to be “on

the open season on duck to October
Ist, or have a closed season of three
to five years on wood-duck.

I am compelled to say to the sports-
men and citizens of Ontario; Matters
have come to a pass so serious that
now mild and half-way measures will
not serve to save your Provincial
game. You must immediately enact
some new and better, strengthening
laws, and enforce them, right up to
the hilt, or say “‘good-bye” to your
game. You must act boldly,truth-
fully, resolutely and even drastically,
to make up what you have lost, and
put your game on a continuing basis.

Do not haggle, or split hairs or
argle-bargle about trifles. Get results
that will be worth having. Stop the
use of “‘speed-carts” in hunting; ride
a donkey instead as he will get you
there fast enough to exterminate the
seed stock if you are bent upon it.
Stop the quail-killing for five years
at least. What insane folly it is for
farmers and others to permit their
best friend and ally to be slaughtered
for its few pitiful ounces of flesh.
Which will you have; boll-weevil or
quail? Stop instantly. Institute a
daily bag limit on wild geese of three
a day and be satisfied with that.
Create, through a sane system, an
adequate force of salaried game-war-
dens, non-political, and selected for

the job.”? The best laws are useless
unless enforced. Unsaiaried game ~
wardens are a joke, failure, and men- ~
ace to wild life, everywhere. Pay
for the protection of your game, as —

t] er countries do. Finally, give pos-
cong a square deal, before it is too
ate.

ed You sportsmen who are continually
) barking for early shooting had better
sit up and take notice. Your grand-

- father hunted swans because there
- were swans and he left some for you.
Your father hunted geese because
there were geese and he satisfied him-

WHERE CAN SANCTUARIES BE
ESTABLISHED P

(ContTINUED FRoM Last Issue.)

E. R. Kerr

liie and allows his views to be pub-

- lished will come into contact with such

as this; ““Your argument about the value or
game is good, but you have not shown, in a
single case, that the Service derives a cent;
all the money of benefit goes to the Province
j

AY ite ax who attempts to protect wild

or communities of the game region, while

you are spending money for these game
plants, and you are giving the rangers’ time,
which means money, to assist in the enforce-
| ment of the law.’ All very well. There
1s a protection Forest in Colorado upon the
watersheds of streams, the flow from which
has a very high value for irrigation, and one
of these streams furnishes the water supply
q for a city of more than 200,000 inhabitants.
a This Forest costs $45,000 yearly to ad-
“minister. The receipts are very small and
there is‘no prospect of the receipts ever
reaching the sum of the cost of administra-
tion. The prime purpose of the Forest is

to protect these watersheds, though the

Service does not get a cent from irrigation.

It surely must be possible to give attention
~ to game culture, and perpetuation of sport,
as a secondary consideration in forest pro-
tection, particularly when such time given
to game culture does not detract from, but
adds to, the standard of forest protection
‘and renders the National Forests of greater
value to the Provinces and Nation.

All through our Forests there are number-
less areas where game was once abundant
and from which it has been driven out or
_ killed through lack of protection. Th>re

PERTAINING TO CONSERVATI

‘of increasing wild life while the destruction

v.

self with a brace or two. ” ‘ou.
hunting and exterminating, as
as you can, ducks. What do
want your son to hunt? Rabbi
Or do you care? If you do not be-
long to the right kind of a Game Pro

tective Association, resign and organ-
ize one of the right kind; get game
religion first, and then “Help” bring —

back the game. Let us hear from you _
on the subject. ea

is every reason to believe that game will
thrive upon the majority of these areas if
plants can be made upon them and the
animals and birds allowed to adjust them-
selves to the conditions and increase. Some
study and careful work will be required if
the capturing of specimens, transportation,
and planting is to be done successfully. The
question arises as to whom this should na-
turaliy fall upon.

The whole question is a new one. It must,
necessarily, be a new one. No one thought

5 Pd

‘é > oe heen

Tr
&

%
ta
a
yy
;

was going on and we were “rushing”? game
into oblivion. We are all likely to make
mistakes. There is a possibility of making
the mistake of placing animals and birds on
areas where the natural conditions will cause
them to become a_ nuisance, particularly
animals, to farmers, either by summering in
their grain or hay areas or wintering around
their haystacks. Considering the necessity
of care and experience the work should be

initiated by the Commission of Conservation

and the Federal Government in co-operation
with the Provinces. The Commission and
Federal authorities, can collect most readily
and at least cost data upon areas to be stock-
ed and locations where specimens can be
captured. The various governments can
then take up the capturing and shipment.
The only thing required is decisive action
upon the part of the Federal government to
show its practicability.
We also have been asked, “Will the People
Protect the Game?”” The people of Canada

A deal sae

1098

are no different from the people of the United
States. The people of Canada are ready
and willing to protect the Game. The pres-
ent abuse of the laws and destruction of game
comes from a feeling that it will not be pro-
tected, and that he who is on the ground
should take all he can. The people of Caa-
ada want to see the game protected. The
sportsmen of Canada want to see the game
protected and are ready, both morally and
financially, to assist any honest and sincere
move upon the part of the authorities to this
end. In this respect the onus, to-day, is
upon our authorities.

The citizens of Canada can be depended
upon just as much as the citizens of the
United States, and I will cite a case tu show
the present incerest in the United States.

At the head of Green River, in Wyoming,
where big game ‘s plentiful and ranches are
few, and where the law-abiding citizen who
needs fresh :neat kills an elk at any time of
year, there, was a ranger, who, under the
Forest Service agreement with the State,
assisted in the enforcement of the game laws.
This ranger liked the job, and enforced the
law without fear or favor. He got convic-
tions before the justice of the peace, who
became nervous at the thought of turning
a man loose when the evidence against him
was good. The people helped and respected
the ranger for his stand. All the hunters
that went into that section knew the ranger,
and knew that the game law was the gamelaw.

That ranger was transferred. A new man

PRESERVATION OF THE MUSKRAT: ITS

RELATION TO MIGRATORY LIFE
Se unl

ANY men are enthusiastic in the pre-
M. servation and increase ot wild life.
Many men advanced various argu-
ments in behalf of the no-sale-of-duck law.
The majority of men who campaigned for
the passage of this law might, or might not,
have had in mind the assistance necessary,
and granted by nature, for the restoration
‘and perpetuation of our migratory wild fowl
mainly,—the Duck.

When we take into consideration the very
close relation of the muskrat to the duck. and
the habits of this valuable little fur-bearer
in its tunneling under water and marsh and
thus destroying much obnoxious growth

was qe in his ‘Hao ities a ee
was placed on the river by the State a
is the kind that has done much to give the r%
position its present reputation. The ranger, ke
who is not particularly heavy on this ques-
tion, has left the game business to the war-—
den; and the very people who helped the
old ranger are raising hobs with the game.

Are the people of Canada any different?

These cases I have cited spell one thing
to me; The people want the game laws en-
forced and will give the keenest support to
any honest move to that end. Here again
we are confronted with the fact that the
Federal government must come to the front.
None of us can have any patience with those
who advocate that the Federal government
should follow the Province in this matter.
All the other Provinces in Canada do not
boast of an active and interested Minister
of Game and Fisheries. But we in Ontario
can, and Ontario will do her duty, but the
Federal government must stand ready in
game protection, just as she does in every-
thing else, to assist Ontario and every other
Province, where the Province is unable to
help itself.

In outlining a policy, then, let us consider
the game upon the same dollar-and-cent
basis as the domestic stock, and its actual
value to the public. In place of marking
time behind the Province let the Commission
of Conservation and Federal Government
point out means for better game laws, and
machinery to enforce them.

detrimental to water fowl foods, resulting in
‘the cultivation of duck-potato, celery and
rice, we cannot but appreciate the necessity
of conserving this animal, above many others,
particularly, around areas where its damages, _
in other ways, are of very little or no concern.
Show me a marsh area wherein the musk- —
rat has been totally exterminated, after two, —
three or four years and I will introduce you
to an area overgrown with bull-rushes and — Sh
various weeds which has resulted in the —
““crowding-out”’ of the valuable foods, as well
as the water, an area never again to be fre-
quented by duck, snipe, plover, yellow:
or other migratory game bird.

MATTERS PERTAINING TO CONSERVATION

For instance, there is a condition at Point
Pelee, well known to every sportsman in that
locality, where trapping of this animal, under
license, has not, in any way, been restricted
during the past few years with the result that
celery and rice, and other foods, are absent
and as a consequence the diving ducks, also
are absent. If the wanton squandering or
destruction of this animal is not immediately
curtailed, I predict that within three or four
years the valuable marsh areas of Point
Pelee, Rondeau Provincial Park and other
like, government controlled, areas will be
absolutely worthless as migratory wild fowl
propagation areas.

Some hunters complain that the northern
flight has passed their marsh this year. There
is nothing easier to explain than the reason
why. Marsh ducks, and some of our river
ducks that frequent the marshes, as often-
time explained by Mr. F. H. Conover of
Leamington, an authority on this subject,
in clear atmosphere will discern a rice field
two to three miles distant. If they do not
see their favorite foods they continue their
course until they do. Oftentimes a very
severe wind storm will cause younger birds
taking their first long-distance migratory
flight and experiencing their first stiff com-
bat with the elements to falter and descend
and, temporarily, rest around, or in, such
areas but immediately the storm has ceased
these few birds resume the flight onward
in search of their leaders, and food, and, thus,
leave the area, once more, desolate and the
hunter disgruntled. What is the conse-

1099

quence? Death to the fur-bearing muskrat
and death to legitimate sport with a shot-
gun. It also means much more.

With the advent of Government Bird and
Game Sanctuaries, all sportsmen and good
citizens will desire that the highest quality
of bird life be reared and raised which, neces-
sarily, means that the wild turkey must be
introduced, possibly in Essex County, first
to the Miner area, thence to Point Pelee,
Rondeau Park and other like areas. Are
we going to maintain the marshes of such
areas for the reception of the wild turkey
and other species that require marshy acreage
for their proper care and increase under
wholly natural conditions?

What are we all thinking of, anyway?
Are a great many thinking only of their own
personal pleasure and recreation with a gun?
If so protect the muskrat. Are a great many
thinking of the preservation of our migratory
wild fowl for the benefit of the masses as a
whole? If so preserve and protect the musk-
rat. Are we going to go stumbling ahead in
the development of a new era without giving
these “‘small’’ items our most careful and
serious thought? We must look, indeed,
a great distance into the future in the de-
velopment of a new food supply with a view
to reducing, to some extent, a high cost of
living similar to that of the present ~ day.
A three to five year close season on Muskrat
on these areas is absolutely necessary. After
that, if it is thought advisable, a careful and
systematic thinning-out by the Government
Game-Keeper will be quite sufficient.

.
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ON THE MIRAMICHI —

A Letter From a New Brunswick Sportsman Who
Fears The Extermination of the Moose

F. ARTHUR MACKENZIE

HE moose ques.ion has been brought

i to my notice very frequently during

the past two years. My own experience
with this noble monarch of the forest is not as
extensive as that of some others I know as
my first big game hunt only dates back about
ten years.

In the fall of 1911 a party of three, myself
and two others, took a trip right into the
heart of the moose country. During our trip
we secured two moose, both heads having
over forty-five inches of a spread. Moose
‘were very plentiful that year and we saw,
in all, fourteen of them. On one little plain
we saw nine inside of an hour. We came
home well satisfied with our trip.

The following year, 1912, we three were
hunting in the same place and after five days’
tramping we managed to find one cow moose,
probably it had come to that locality only
a short time before we did.

Where last year there were places, paths
and meadows that were all trodden down
by the moose this year there are only three
or four different tracks. The people living
in that section of the valley say the moose
just died through the winter. One man
told me he had examined a dead moose found
in the snow and could see no sign of a wound.
He came to the conclusion there was an
epidemic of some kind that had attacked
the moose that winter and put a large num-
ber of them out of business.

I understand that about every four or
five years there is a disease among our wild
rabbits but I never heard of a corresponding

) disease among the larger game. Information

as to this would be greatly appreciated by

the writer who hopes that some of the sports-
“men who read this will send in their views
to Rod and Gun for publication.

When speaking about the scarcity of the
moose in what was once the best big game
country in Canada (the Miramichi Valley)
several people have said that in one of the
farthest outlying settlements you can_ get

moose and deer meat all the year round. I
believe that myself. Even the hotels, I am
told, have had deer meat on their menus as
late as July and August. I should judge
there are about seven or eight hundred game
licenses issued at different places in the valley
and about ten per cent. of these people are
satisfied with one moose, about fifteen per
cent. get one or two deer, the rest probably

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are not particular whether they get any game
or not.

Now, where are the moose going to? Are
they moving away from this valley or are
they being killed off the whole year round?
Some of the hunters, I am sorry to say, are
not particular whether they shoot a bull or
a cow moose.

Along a stretch of wooded country road
I saw in the fall of 1913 the heads of two cow
moose, one within half a mile of town. ;

This same fall I was back hunting in the
same vicinity and did not see a fresh moose
track during the trip.

Our moose in this valley are gradually
yes more than gradually, dying off or being
buffaloed.

The sooner people in this district wake up
to the fact that our moose, and game of other
kinds, will soon be extinct the quicker will
some relief come to the big game that a few
years ago was so plentiful. Now you may
roam the woods for a week and never see a
sign of the monarch of the forest. y,

Recently a New Brunswick hunter was
fined $50 for shooting a moose before he had
procured his license. How many cases,
wonder, are there like this?) The hunter,
(not, however, the true lover of hunting big
game in his natural haunts), shoots his game
and if he can get it home after dark without
any one seeing him he forgets to get the —
license. One of my friends told me that
a short time ago while having a talk with a
lumberman this man tcld him he could show
the carcasses of at least ten moose from which
ten to twenty-five pounds had been taken
away and the rest left to feed the crows and
the foxes.

I, myself, think it is the duty of every lover
of true sport to inform on such people when
a case is brought up right under one’s nose,
as is often the case in outlying settlements.

Since 1912 there has not been a moose shot
in the district where in 1911 I saw fourteen.
Who is to blame for the extermination of these
moose? Certainly not the ten per cent.who
get their moose legally and in a sportsmanlike
manner but the men who get their moose
and then forget to get their licenses. ~~

The game wardens cannot be all over the
woods at the same time so it is up tothe
people themselves to preserve what few
moose we have left or in a few years they will __
be as scarce as flies when the thermometer
is 40 degrees below zero. ‘a

THE TROUT OF THE WEST

ROBERT PAGE LINCOLN

Introductory.

T has for a long time been the
| object of the present writer to

deal carefully and _ judiciously
with the trout that are found in the
western portion of the continent: a
subject that has not been dealt with
as thoroughly as it should. If there
has been any illumination cast upon
the subject it has been rather scant,
and although in story and article
the virtues of these trout have been
commented upon, still not much of
the history of the various western

trout, the various species, has found -

its way into print. If we are to
study the subject’ of trout fishing
carefully, we would find that the
speckled brook trout, or charr as
it is better known, has received about
nine-tenths of the attention of the
writers. It is with most of them
the brook trout or no trout at all.
True, I will admit that the speckled
brook trout is the leader of them all,
but I rather believe it-is thought so
by all because of the fact that it has
been so consistently angled for to
the almost absolute exclusion of all
others. We are therefore liable to
let our feelings and praise go to the
most popular trout and the brook
trout being that one, naturally we
have concentrated upon him—and
we have in portions of the continent
so concentrated upon that one speci-

men that they are gradually being
wiped out of existence. On the other
hand, let us look at the case of Eng-
land, and the British Isles. Here
they have for their universal well-
loved trout the so-called brown trout.
The words they speak in praise of
this fish are about equal in fervour
to what we speak in this country for
the brook trout—it is their national
standby. But in this country the
brown trout (Salmo fario) met with
the coolest of receptions, and has
been dubbed a murderer of other
trouts, and a general all-round nuis-
ance; to stock a stream here with
brown trout means that only brown
trout will survive, that all other
trouts therein will be decimated by
the finny brother from over the
waters. So we can easily see that
it is the fish we concentrate our atten-
tion upon that is given the most
publicity. Naturally, therefore, the
brook trout, or charr, has received
the greatest attention and is our
national fish, as far as writings,
beauty, etc., are concerned. Butasa
matter of fact the speckled brook
trout, or charr, is not one-third as
largely angled for as the other trouts,
and at the same time they are the
least spoken of in print. True, thou-
sands are annually out and catch fine
numbers of other trout besides the
speckled brook trout, but when it

1101

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1102 _- ROD AND GUN IN CANAI be iniiet in
ere Pr hi ALS CNM cela Pint Udall, } i o
comes to print, the speckled brook already know the fish. ‘The dni |

trout always seems to lead, and the
other trouts are in the decided min-
ority. We have so concentrated on
the brook trout all our attention, all
our lovely phrases and write-ups that
the other trout are lost to view. And
the western part of the country there-
fore suffers in proportion, allowing
the eastern writers to do all the pub-
licity work. On the other hand, some
of the best trout fishing in this coun-
try is found in the mountains of the
west; amid the most picturesque sur-
roundings; surrounded by a lively
glamour and fascination that the
eastern part of the country is often
very much lacking in. At the same
time the trout fishing in the west is
abundant;—there are places in Brit-
ish Columbia I know of where the
mere flicking of any old fly to the
surface of the water will call out a
matter of twenty-five or thirty trout,
and large fellows at that. This is a
rare delight and a pleasurable sensa-
tion to say the least. Often, too, the
indiscriminate angler takes advantage
of this fine condition of affairs and
catches ten times more than he can
use in camp and invariably leaves
it to rot. How long the fine trout
fishing in the west will last I do not
know but certain it is that if the in-
discriminate fishermen are allowed
the run of things it will before long
be a thing of the past.

What I am undertaking in this
series of articles you will readily
understand. Iam giving the history,
etc., of the western trout my strict
attention—shedding a little more
than ordinary light on the subject,
something that has not to date been
carefully undertaken. The trout
found in the western country make
a big figure indeed; they add much
to the singular charm of the outdoor
world in the west, and as far as the
angling for them is concerned I can-
not see that it can be equalled any-

where, the brook trout to the con-

trary. Ihave striven in these various
articles to place the identity of the
various trouts of the west comprehen-
sively before the readers of this maga-
zine, and no doubt a fish can be recog-
nized and be identified by the various
descriptions if the reader: does not

data, etc., is more or less exe

as far as investigation can make it;
and the historic features are treated
carefully, always from the viewpoint |

of truth. Were my own views and

findings to be set down it would make ©

rather a partial display;—and it has
been proven consistently in such af-
fairs as this that the most lively and
enhancing article is one wherein many
men are represented—their findings
being given due consideration. Such
quotations enrich the whole and make
it complete, if these quotations are
handled carefully, as I shall try and
handle them. At the same time I
shall give some pointers on tackle
best fitted for use in the mountain
waters and the large fish that one
stands in liability of running across.
I have known cases where light tackle
has been shattered in a fight with
a large fish;—then again light tackle
has come out triumphant: In the
following chapters you will find when,
how and what to use—as I shall
describe to the best of my ability.
It would be a great pleasure to list
with these articles places where one
would find the best fishing, but the
mere fact that these streams are
innumerable, all of them contain-
ing some trout would make it a
task indeed that is hard to cope with.

In preparing a series of articles
such as I am now attempting, a
scientific grouping, or classification of
fishes holds both a practical and
sentimental value. The practical man
figures that he can do without the
technical points and wants the bare
facts, easily understood,—but it has
always been wise to include the scien-
tific portions to make the whole care-
fully complete. In the rudimentary
stage of the angler’s development the

catching of the fish seems to entirely —

hold his attention riveted, to the
exclusion of the faculty of distinguish-
ing one specie or species from another.
To catch the fish is then the first
step, and to become proficient in the
taking of that fish is a second step—
but after all of these points have been
mastered, (not completely, for the
angler always has much to learn),

then will come the eventual desire to a
know the trout themselves, their lives _

ep en
4

v

rie

_ tha
means of identification.

-sEISHING NOTE

and the distinguishing characteristics
t provide to the angler a likely
At that
some species of fishes are hard to tell

from others. Forget the fact that

there are experts who can at a glance,
tellany fish. Thisisnottrue. Even
so-called experts are often baffled by
specimens taken out of waters wherein
the coloration and body features of

the trout may have become marked-

THE STEELHEAD TROUT OR HARDHEAD
TROUT

(Salmo gairdneri)

To say that the steelhead trout
is one of the most important trout
found in the western waters is not
exaggerating the proposition in the
least, for this trout has long and
consistently held a record that has in
no way diminished in late years.
There is a reason for this, for the
steelhead trout is a fish with a great
deal of fight tied up under his trim
skin, and taken at the end of a strain-
ing leader in some rushing stream
he is a match for the best disciple
of Walton that may be found extant.
The steelhead trout ranks among the
king-pins of them all, and for that
reason I am here listing him first in
this category which I shall try to
make as interesting as such things
may be made. At the same time
the steelhead trout is the least known
of them all—has been dwelt upon
the least, even though he is able to
make a mark for himself every time
the demand is out. As one interest-
ing writer has stated:

“The better I become acquainted
with the steelhead trout the more I
wonder why this splendid North Am-
erican game fish has been so sadly
neglected and kept in the background.

Probably this is due in a great meas- _

ure to the restricted natural habitat
of this species and the fact that when
compared to the number of those
who angle for brook trout or black
bass, very few indeed have ever had
the opportunity to come into actual

combat with this finny warrior. Why

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ly changed. Coloration
in various fishes in various waters
owing to food, environmental condi-
tions; i.e., the clay, loam or sandy
bottoms of brooks, rivers and strean
all serve to have their effect upon the ©
coloration of the trout. I may be
forgiven for many exceptions I have
taken in these following articles, but
it has all been done with the hope to
preserve a unity of the whole. —

its distribution over the United States
and especially so over the West has
not been, more general, is something __
that I cannot understand. The East- Be
ern brook trout has been fairly well .
scattered by the Bureau of Fisheries
into the Western States, and the ~
rainbow trout of the Pacific slope,
planted by hundreds of millions in
the lakes and streams of the East;
but the steelhead trout, which I be-
lieve to be a far superior gamefish
to either, has, with but few excep- ~~
tions been confined to those waters ,
to which it is native.” ns

One reason has been advanced for
the fact that the steelhead trout is .
not widely scattered and planted in t
the eastern waters. That reason is ;
that the planting of the steelhead
trout is considered by some authori-
ties as being detrimental to the wel-
fare of other fish; that the steelhead
trout like the rainbow kill off fry
and fingerlings, etc., of the speckled
brook trout. That, in a phrase, is
the reason held out by fish com- h
missions why the steelhead trout is 1
not given a wider distribution. But ;
I would like to have some rea! proof
to go by if that is to be accepted as
the truth.

The steelhead trout is known in
scientific parlance as Salmo rivularis,
also as Salmo-gairdneri, also as a
salmon, salmon trout and hardhead
trout. But the most common name
is steelhead, by which it is universally _
known throughout the West. The ~

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steelhead trout is what is termed

a salmon trout, and is one of the true
trouts of this continent. The brook
trout is not a trout at all but a so-
called charr, which has often been
pointed out. On the other hand the
steelhead trout has often been dubbed
a salmon, but the steelhead is no
more a salmon than the speckled
brook charr is a trout. It is a fact
that the steelhead spends a great deal
of its time in the ocean and ascends
the rivers along the western coast to
spawn and for this reason it is thought
to be a salmon, only in another color
and form. The range and general
stamping ground of the steelhead
trout is along the Pacific coast; in the
Pacific itself and in the waters, the
rivers that flow into it all the way
from the Sespe River, near Los An-
geles, in California to Skagway, the
northermost point in Alaska. It can
be seen by this that its range is greater
than that of the various salmon, and
it is more or-less a very adventurous
fish, though partaking to a vast ex-
tent of the habits of the salmon, in

many cases being quite identical to

the salmon in every respect. As a
commercial proposition the steelhead

_ trout is an enhancing one to say the

least and is now being eagerly sought
after by the market fishers and net-
ters. The high price of beef has

made the fishing industry one of

immense proportions and the taking
of the steelhead trout therefore has
not been neglected. Commercially,

- most steelhead trout for market are
_ shipped in cold storage.
but an inconsiderate portion of the
_steelheads are ever canned—if any.

However,

Jordan comments that—‘‘Its bones
are much more firm than those of

_ the salmon—a trait unfavourable for
- canning purposes.
- not spent after spawning is excellent.
_ The steelhead does not die after
_ spawning, as all the Pacific salmon

The flesh when

do; the spent fish abound in the

rivers in the spring at the time of

the salmon-run.”’

During the past years there have
been many discussions to the effect
that .the steelhead trout and the
rainbow trout are one and the same,
yet there is no significant truth to
this, although the present writer will

admit that there are splints i

— taken range all the way from two to

These peculiar,

specimens, rainbow and. steelh
put side by side do look immense!
alike. Remarks one writer: bea
“It is thought by some anglers that
the young fish hatched in the brooks _
from eggs of the steelhead remain in ;
mountain streams from six to thirty-
six months, going down to the sea
with the high waters of spring, after
which they return to spawn as typical
steelhead trout. I now regard this ‘ql
view as. unfounded. In my experi-
ence the rainbow and the steelhead h
are always distinguishable: the steel- ‘a
head abounds where the rainbow a
trout is unknown; the scales in the ¥
steelhead are always smaller, (about
155), than in the typical rainbow 4
trout; finally, the small size of the ;
head in the steelhead is always dis- 4
tinctive.” j
As far as weight is concerned the q
steelhead cuts quite a figure though a
the average steelhead taken is not a
very large fish, and those taken on
the artificia! fly are surely not in
the over-grown class; it is the sport- a
ive, young steelheads that cut most 4
of a figure as individuals for the “d
angler to conjure with—though the
larger steelheads are often easily tak- a
en at trolling. The largest steelhead
will not go over twenty pounds in
weight. I have heard of one that
heavy. Twelve pounds is another
height reached. The average fish

six pounds in weight.

The coloration of the steelhead
trout is readily distinguishable. The
back is a dark olive. Along the
lateral line there is a rosy hue which .
blends into the silvery sheen of the .
underparts. The dotting on the tail a
(or caudal fin) and on the dorsal ya
(or back fin) are very evenly set in ;
rows. The anal fin also partakes of &
these even set dottings. These dot- a
tings are also found on the head and
cheeks, and are really dots, but on
the body they are not dots. Rather
it is a matter of two or three short
marks side by side, looking like tracks.
and distinguishing
markings are widely scattered over ~—
the whole body—fairly peppered with ag
them, both above and below the

lateral lines. The steelhead trout is a i

easily distinguished from other trout
by the side by side streak-markings,
which do not obtain in other trout,
also from the fact that the body is
proportionately trim, and slim, and
from the fact that the head is very
small in proportion to the rest of the
body. Coloration is of course differ-
ent when we judge fresh water or
land-locked specimens of the steel-
head species and sea-run specimens.
One writer holds that:

‘In structure, coloring, habits and
general appearance the steelhead,
when in fresh water, very closely
resembles its near relative—the rain-
bow trout. There has been consider-
able controversy over these two fish,
and many still claim that the steel-
head is simply the sea-run form of
the rainbow trout. The typical rain-
bow trout and the others of the rain-
bow series, even though sea-run and
bright silvery in coloration, can al-
ways be distinguished as rainbows;
and the steelhead, whether in salt
water or land-locked for twenty years
in an inland lake, always remains a
true steelhead. The steelhead, both
in fresh and salt water, is usually
more silvery, is much slimmer and
more symmetrical in shape, and the
black spots or markings are very
much smaller and more irregular in
shape than in the rainbow. In the
land-locked forms where both species
inhabit the same waters each type
holds true to its original shape, ap-
_ pearances and habits year after year,
and generation after generation. To

distinguish the steelhead from the
; rainbow there are several reliable
methods of which the following two
are perhaps the best: In the typical
steelhead the dorsal fin is always
located farther forward than in the
rainbow. If the distance from in
front of the dorsal fin to the end of
the snout is quite a little less than
from this same point to the end of
the fleshy part of the body or be-
ginning of the tail, then the fish is
quite certain to be a steelhead, for
/in the rainbow these measurements
are about equal. In the steelhead
the length of the head from the tip
of the snout to the end of the
gills’ cover is always more than
four and one half times the entire

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length of body from tip of snout to
end of fleshy part of the body, whil
in the rainbow this measurement i
always less than four and one hal
times.” 5 .

The above is set down merely to
show how scant is the difference be-
tween the two species—so scant that —
there is hardly, at times, any differ-
ence, but there is really a compara-
tive difference if studied carefully. “<

There is a sub-species of the steel-
head that is principally found in Brit-
ish Columbia that easily ranks as one
of the most beautiful of the kind.
This sub-species is known as the
Kamloops trout (Salmo-rivularis-kam-
loops), found in the Kamloops, Okan-
agan, Kootenai and other waters of
British Columbia. Jordan addition-
ally remarks about this sub-species:
“It is locally abundant and is a
fine large trout, slender in form, grace- a
ful in appearance, and movement,
somewhat different from the common |
steelhead, but not distinguished by By
any technical character of importance
and probably intergrading fully with
the latter. It is a very fine game
fish which is taken chiefly by trolling
with a spoon. The color of this fish
is dark olive above, bright silvery
below.—the silvery color extending
some distance below the lateral line,
where it ends abruptly; the middle
of the side has a broad light-rose col-
ored band, covering about one-third
the total depth of the fish; the back
above has small black dots about the
size of pin-heads, irregularly scatter-
ed, and somewhat more numerous
posteriorly; there are a few faint
spots on top of the head; dorsal and
caudal fins are rather thickly covered
with small black spots similar to
those on the back, but more distinct.
A few spots are on the adipose fin
which is edged with blackish; lower
fins plain; upper border of pectoral,
dusky; a vague, dusky blotch on the
upper middle rays of the anal.”

There are two other sub-species of
the steelhead trout found in the state
of Washington, namely the so-called a
Crescent trout (Salmo-rivularis-cres- Be
centis), found in Lake Crescent, Clal- 3.
lam County, Washington. The most fan
important member found in this lake,
however, is the blue-black trout, ~

T- . GY ae a a. Pia F 3 »
UD ob ee okay eA ee ee

1106

known as the Beardslee trout (Salmo-
rivularis-beardsleei). It has been held
that there is another, a third sub-
species of the steel-head trout found
inthis beautiful lake, namely, the
long-headed trout (Salmo-rivularis-
bathaecetor), but it is a member that
is little known. The latter named
species rarely if ever comes to the
surface of the lake to feed, and is only
caught by lines sunken deep to the
bottom of the lake. As a matter of
fact all of the various trout in this
lake must needs be fished for deep,
with cut bait, minnows, or the never-
failing trolling spoon. These three
sub-species are never (as far as I have
been able to ascertain), taken on the
artificial fly for the reason that they
rarely come to the surface, or in to
shore. With these latter three trout
we are not overly interested save in
mentioning their position in a part-
scientific manner.

The steelhead trout lives a great
deal of its life in the ocean, and is,
in many respects like the salmon.
He is anadromous, which is to say
that he spends part of his time in
the ocean and part in fresh water,
when he is spawning Practically
most of its life, that is, the life of
the average sea-run steelhead, is spent
in the ocean, along the shores and in
the bays and in and around the

-- mouths of rivers where the feed is

good. And, like the salmon of the
various species and the chinook sal-
mon, or royal salmon in special, the
steelhead runs up fresh-water streams
to cast its spawn, after which it will
return again to the ocean to await the
urgent call for reproduction the next
spawning season. However the breed=
ing or spawning season of the steel-
head depends greatly upon the lo-
cality itisin. Asarule it is a spring
spawning fish. Says an entertaining
writer, Mr. W. M. Keil:

“Tt is a spring spawning fish,
though the runs of ascending fish and
_ the breeding season vary greatly in
different localities. In the southern
waters and in those rivers which are
of short length, the runs are in the
early spring, and the eggs maturing
rapidly are deposited some weeks
later. The heaviest run of the steel-
heads in the Columbia River, (Wash-

ington), is from the last of

until the middle of Novembe Re
as they have to ascend the river ~
and its tributaries many hundreds
of miles before reaching suitable
spawning grounds, the actual breed-
ing season is not until the following
April or May. It is while in the
lower reaches of these rivers, and
fresh run from the sea, that this fish
is in its finest condition and they
are then taken in immense numbers
by the commercial fishermen.”

Like the salmon the steelhead trout
are preyed upon by parasites in the
fresh water, and they are often hor-
rible looking sights, when they come -
out, to say the least. When they
first go up the rivers they are in full
command of a vivid beauty; the silver
with which they are overcast never
shines more beautifully than now,
and the rosy coloration takes on
shape. \It is at this stage that the
steelhead takes the fly or the spoon
with marked avidity, and sets up a
fight that is exceptional to say the
least. But they gradually lose their
beauty and some specimens actually
become monstrosities, repulsive and
unsightly. As far as I have been
able to learn they are like the salmon,
in the respect that they refuse food
later on, and that their stomachs be-
come useless till again they reach salt-
water. Says that well-known Can- —
adian naturalist, Bonnycastle Dale:

‘In December we found these fish
full of eggs, and milt, running up the
spawning streams and rivers. Alas!
where were the silver sides and beauty
forms? These steelheads were now
discolored so that they actually were
black as coal, all formed by the fresh
water they played and starved in.
Even these time-starved, and tired,
egg and milt laden fish have the
instinct to jump left in them. This
instinct now comes into operation
simply to try and rid themselves of
the great number of sea-lice that have |
attached themselves to their inert ~
bodies.” a

But unlike the salmon of the vari-
ous species, most of which die after _
they have spawned, the steelhead —
trout makes its bedraggled way over —
the rushing rivers, back to the sag
and it generally reaches the sea hs g

Wy a
f has Ms

Ay

ad. But once in the salt water
the curative process is begun, and
some months after, the steelhead
~comes out of the ordeal just as trim,
and beautiful as ever, all the past
unpleasant tendencies having dis-
appeared, till once again, heeding the
call of Nature to reproduce, they
enter the freshwater rivers and are
waylaid by the billions of parasites.
The virtues of the steelhead as
something for the angler to conjure
. with have been sung in print by many
aman, and true it is’ the steelhead
trout is one of the best fighting speci-
mens, bar none, found on this con-
tinent, and all the words of praise
one has to offer are not too much.
To angle for the: steelhead trout,
either in lake (in the land-locked
form) or in the rivers up and down
the Pacific coast, is to realize some-
thing that is extraordinary in its
appeal. Many writers have spoken
their views in this respect. Says
Dale:
“Seldom, if ever, have I landed a
steelhead of good size in less than
half an hour with light tackle. Of
all the fish I have played in either
ocean of this continent or in its lakes
and rivers, I can truly say the steel-
head is the gamiest. You can always
tell the trout from the salmon by the
method of jumping. The salmon
strike the water in any position, fall-
ing usually belly or side first. The
‘trout, on the contrary, always des-
cend into the water head first.”’ And,
says Keil: “‘Comparing the rainbow
trout with the steelhead trout as to
their game qualities is almost as diffi-
cult as telling the two species apart
when in the yearling stages. In
swiftly running streams I do not
think the steelhead has anything on
the rainbow, but in the still waters
of inland lakes there is no question
but that the steelhead far outfights
its scrappy cousin, and rises much
more readily to the artificial lure.
All things considered, I really believe
the steelhead trout to be the hardest
fighting salmonid in the world. One
real, sound, logical reason for this
belief is the fact that it is the most
nervous and excitable of all the species
handled by fishcultural operations.
The other reasons you'll know when

FISHING NOTES ~

you have hooked fast to one. It
a free-rising fish, taking the artificial
fly in both lake and stream when
conditions are favourable for this
method of fishing.
where the water, even on the surface,

stays fairly cool during the warmer — Bh:

weather, fy-fishing will prove suc-
cessful throughout the summer. If
the surface water becomes so warm
that they cannot come up into this
higher temperature, then of course
deep trolling, or still fishing, must be
resorted to in order to locate the fish.
When hooked this fish makes at once
for the surface, where it leaps re-
peatedly clear of the water, shaking
itself madly in an attempt to throw
the hook. Its fighting tactics are all
its own, and its many unlooked-for
and eccentric rushes will keep the
most finished disciple of Walton on
the jump from the time it is hooked
ae safe within the creel or the
oat.”

There can be little doubt that the
steelhead measures up with the best
trout of this continent, a verdict
I am willing to stand by with know-
ledge from experience. Taken upon
the fly-rod there is such sport con-
nected with the process as to leave
no doubts in the mind about it. As
I have previously mentioned it is the
younger fish, from two to six or eight
pounds that are most often taken
on the fly, and the sport assured is
spectacular indeed. ‘There are some
skilled users of the bamboo rod who
are not afraid to go up against the
largest clipping steelhead with a light
weight appliance. Yet, as a general
rule, the average angler would do
well to-furnish himself with a strong
rod, of say, six to seven ounces weight,
or even more if the angler is not deft
The six and a half ounce rod has
always been my selection for the
steelhead trout, as in the Californian
streams. And that, of course, goes
for pretty near any streams along
the Pacific coast, where, of course
the steelhead principally, and almost
alone, has its range and distribution.
A rod of steel, as a fly-casting tool
is an affair to which you should give
the best of your attention—for a
rugged steel warrior is almost always
in demand. There are many of the

In those lakes — i

solid wood rods, too, ip for pietaee
the greenheart) that should not fail
to have your attention, for they have
always proven their worth in actual
fighting. But, mainly, remember, no
matter what sort of a rod you get,

_ get one that has some backbone to
it, for you should always bear in
mind the fact that in fishing along
rugged, rapid, swift streams the nat-
ural conditions of the strain are all
against you and worth in a rod is
therefore eminent indeed. At the
same time this rod that you purchase
for steelhead trout will do you for
all sorts of all-round mountain fish-
ing in the west. And a Six, or six
and one half, or seven ounce trout
rod is my recommendation. Don’t
try using the light wands of bamboo
on mountain streams unless you are
an expert in that light tackle game.
It will cause you much ill luck. I
speak these words here for I have
often seen throughout the west rods
in use that are far too light for these
rugged places and streams.

A good, strong, tapered, enameled
line is a demand for steelhead trout
fishing; though I will say nothing
against the level calibered line, the
line that is the same thickness all
the way along its length. But one
should always see to it that he has
a good, durable, trustworthy line to
his credit—for some of the fishing
in western streams is a stiff proposi-
tion to say the least. Remember
then to have a tapered and enameled
line. As for a leader material I can

not help but suggest the Telerana
| Nova, which is so far above ordinary
gut in durability, etc., that it stards
foremost. A six foot length is by
far the best. Flies used in steelhead
trout fishing need not be a copy of
anything natural in insect form—
for the steelhead trout is not dis-
criminating. I have no doubt but
that the Gove flies would bring excep-
tional results on mountain streams.
The bass size flies are used with good
success, and those a trifle smaller in
the more quiet pools. It is the best
plan to use only one fly, a lead fly,
and to play that skillfully. The prac-
tice is very common in the Western

(To BE CONTINUED)

country of using only o see

never more than two. You play t
fly much the same way as in 0 uy
trout fishing; employing much the ¥
same tactics. The fly is put Peer bf:
upstream and across and is given
the necessary lifelike animation that
proves such an irresistible fascina-
tion. In the pools you will find
them, and especially beside large
boulders, and at the foot of rapids.
Naturally ‘one must use the same
degrees of caution that one uses in
trout fishing in general. The steel-
head trout is well known to be flighty,
easily frightened, and the first glim-
mer of human presence will send
them scooting for safety. In my
estimation there is only one sort of
reel for mountain fishing, and steel-
head fishing in particular and that
is a good-automatic reel. I have
known times where many a good fish
has been saved merely because I had
an automatic reel. The trouble with
the ordinary single-action reel is that
it cannot be manipulated with con-
sistent ease: but how different with
the automatic. You simply touch
the trigger, or lever, and the thing
eats up the slack line. In the rush-
ing rivers, after steelheads, I have
proven the utter beauty and ability
of the automatic, having used that
same automatic on rainbows in the
north with the best degree of success.
=
Steelhead trout are also trolled for
in the ocean and in the large rivers,
and in and around the river mouths.
A good Bristol bait-casting rod is
then a good thing, especially for
trolling and casting purposes. A.
glittering Skinner spoon will call out
the big fellows, and my selection for —
the purpose has always been a Num-
ber 5 or 7 Skinner. In the likely
pools you may cast the spoon here
and there with success; and in the
broad waters you may troll for them
in the places you are sure they stay.
Between the two methods, however,
I cannot say that the trolling method ~
has anything on the highly favour- —
able fly-casting method. There are ~
times when the steelheads take a
fly exceptionally well. a

and by the medium of the pen
have essayed to describe the joys
and pleasures of angling. And how
well too, they have succeeded in that
task—for task it surely is. To be
able to state better than your fellow
man has stated some of the witcheries
of the great pastime of angling is
surely an endeavour that reaches an
enviable height. True, there has
been much sentimentality wasted in
the endeavour to reach that height.
I will admit that. But it is as I have
always stated a beautiful sentimen-
tality, that has Nature, the woods,
the waters, the trees and the open
blue skies in the heavens above as
its theme. And anyone who lives
in touch with things such as these
is surely living as a man really should
and gaining immeasurably by his
life. ‘There is a depth of philosophy
in everything that breathes of Na-
ture. There is no work of Nature
but reflects some gigantic perfection
that we directly take our lessons from,
and seek to imitate. The ease and
freedom of Nature we are able to
imitate; and all nature-philosophers
do. Mark the life of Walton and
all others, immortal and otherwise.
Freedom! That is the word. Na-
ture is just that; angling, the wetting
of a good line, is the key to the store-
house, and those who follow the curv-
es and silver pathways of many rivers
and dazzling streams are indeed
‘among the honored and content.
There is a purpose in it all and that
purpose, once realized, is never for-
gotten. Fixed on the mind’s eye,
always, you will find the days of
angling—they are as much a part of
the body as the soul. The sun re-
flects from these upon your thoughts.
The kind pathways, the cool river
retreats, the lazy afternoons, the
i voluminous soliloquies, the soft, new-
born grass, and the river incessantly
spinning its golden tunes—these
___. things are palpable facts. The prime
-___ restoratives;—we return to them in
our quiet hours and gather a-fresh

Be by the me men, by voice

jC ee ee

1109

at AR)

PICKUPS AND REFLECTIONS —

RosBertT PAGE LINCOLN

the triumphs of the days gone and
the days and hours to come in the
future. Oe:
Angling is the keynote of it all— —
the open door through which we step _
into a pleasure-land of much reality. —
Here on the river’s brink we canstand
and talk for hours, addressing the
moss-fringed rocks, the flowers, the
trout in their cool retreats, and feel
the great weight of mental and physi-
cal oppression drop from the shoul-
ders as a gigantic load. Here one
talks, and speculates aloud; he will
change to another fly, smiling to
think that by playing that fly in that
pool, just off of that grotesque boul-
der a large trout may, like as not,
break surface with that barb in his -
lip some few moments later. Such
silent plottings go on;—and a pileated
woodpecker drums away on, hisold
rampike perch; a ridiculous porcupine
ambles crudely, stolidly, fearlessly
along the river’s brink; birds shrill
after him; a mother partridge in the
woods is marshalling out her brood,
and by her twittering, and flopping
on the ground you know that her ~
whole heart is standing still to think 4
that you may be a home desecrator. a.
The pebbles and sands of the shingle “1
are fine and companionable. You ES
stretch yourself out lazily, head pil
lowed against a boulder and you
light the new load of tobacco. You ;
try to recall if you ever were any ;
happier than at that very moment,
but you cannot remember such a vf
time. The smoke curls up from the :
briar. A breath from the balsam ¥
and spruce comes down to you in
between and you are grateful to think
that it is not a wafting of coal-smoke.
Here you are, helplessly free. After
a while you will continue easily up
the river, cast a few flies and take in
a few more speckled dandies and then
return to camp; but now—now you
are grateful to stretch out at grateful
ease, after your months of gruelling
labor, and let Time take care of it-
self. The freshness and charm of —
everything, in and around you, more i yu

bo mae ry as

1110

‘in the ocean.

See te eS lee: Pee rf
4 . My ?

and more gathers itself about the
fancy, until, strangely, you have for-
gotten the city streets, the smoke-
stained buildings, the clamor and clan-
gor; the swarms of blank faced peo-
ple, treading by you. Somehow it
all retreats; apparently a million years
separate you from your past life, the
life from which you parted only two
weeks previous. Such is the com-
plete change,—a wrenching away
from hidehound things, colorless

things, empty things;—brazen in-
consistencies that are as hollow as a
drum!

A correspondent in New York has

written me for some information
through the columns of this maga-
zine in regard to the eel,—saying in
part that he does not remember hav-
ing seen, in all his life, any more than
five hundred words in any one piece
of writing regarding the eel. He
wonders if I could give him and the
readers of this magazine some reliev-
ing lights on the subject.
i In line with the above it is really
strange how so many members of our
fishes get little or no publicity, when
they really are worthy of it in every
sense of the word. At the time I
received this letter with its questions
I sat for a long time and tried to think
of where I had seen something on
eels in the magazines but I could
not exactly answer what it was I had
read on the subject.

The common eel (Anguilla chris-
ypa) is the eel that we have upon this
continent, and it is more or less widely
distributed over an appreciable area.
Over its body more hands annually
slip and slide and lose their hold than
upon any other. It has a generous
distribution. But it is not the only
eel attached to this continent as
some writers have stated. In the
eastern portion of the United States
there is another member of this snake-
like fish species known as the conger
eel (Leptocephalus conger). -. However
it is not a freshwater eel, and stays
most of the time, if not all of the time,
This eel is scaleless;
whereas the common eel has what
might be called scales. The conger
eel is highly valued as a food. The
common eel is, however, the eel that

/ ROD AND GUN IN G.

; "i vf WY, al
Ba CAI ee
% Pe ROTM r ) i:
"Ai
:

is found in the fresh water a ad j
engaged.

garding the eel.

“It is only within the last few years
that the life history of the eel has
been completely worked out. By
many it is supposed to be an inhabi-
tant of salt water, but the contrary
is true;—it is a freshwater denizen
that must needs visit salt water to
spawn. Such fishes are called cata-
dromous species, and their movements
at spawning time are the opposite of
anadromous fishes, those that seek
fresh water to spawn, like the shad
and the salmon. For centuries the
method of reproduction wasa mystery.
Aristotle stated that eels were sexless
and came from ges entera, the entrails
of the sea. Some have thought that
this meant earthworms, but be that
as it may, the statement was accept-
ed wholly, or in part, for two thou-
sand years. Pliny claimed that young
eels sprang from the slime and frag-
ments of skin which comes off when
eels rub against the rocks, hardly less
absurd. Not until the eighteenth
century—in 1777—did scientists suc-
ceed in discovering ovaries, which
discovery was accomplished by an_
Italian naturalist.

The search for the male eel was
little less prolonged, Dr. Syrski mak-
ing the discovery in 1873. When we
take into consideration the spawning

‘habits of the eel and the superstitious

tales connected with the fish perhaps
there is little wonder the discovery
of sexes was so tardy. However, one
has little trouble in determining the
sexes to-day.”

There is little or no doubt but that
the greater number of the common
eel, the eel under discussion, go to the
salt water to spawn. That has been
ascertained as a fact. But it is not
conclusively true that all of them go
to the salt water; some surely stay
and spawn in fresh water. During
the spawning season when they go
down to the sea multitudes may be
counted. But the eel does not travel
by day; it is all night work, the largest

the midnight hour.

Sy

with that specimen that we are here

number going forward in and around
While the eel —

goes to the salt water to spawn they —

! ne writer I may note in
passing has the following to say re- —

held
ig

Ba

ea

ae
"

generally do not go out where the

water is really briny salt, but rather
linger where the salt water is plenti-
fully mixed and moderated by the
fresh-water. There is a liability that
these eels of both sexes stay in this
semi-salt water for a period of a
month or two till they become sex-
ually mature. Then the females spawn
in nests or beds; the male impregnates
these eggs and the duty is fulfilled.
As a queer part of Nature’s scheme
(something of which we witness in
the case of the Salmon of the Pacific
coast), both the male and female eel
die after the act of procreation; thus
death ends the spawning act.

When the young eels are sufficiently
large enough they go up the rivers
and streams in great numbers, and
stay of course their allotted time
till they too are asked to heed the
call of reproduction. The young eels
are possessed of an activity that is
remarkable. If they reach an ob-
stacle in the streams they cannot pass
by water, they actually crawl out and
squirm around by land. In wet
grass they can do this, but naturally
they are greatly handicapped. Of
the eels that try to get by Niagara
Falls, Spenser Fullerton Baird has
remarked:

“In the spring and summer the
visitor who enters under the sheet of
water at the foot of the falls will be
astonished at the enormous numbers
of young eels crawling over the slip-
pery rocks and squirming in the
seething whirlpools. An estimate of

hundreds of wagon-loads, as seen in

the course of the perilous journey
referred to, would hardly be consider-

ed excessive by those who have visited

the spot at a suitable season of the
year. At other times large eels may
be seen on their way downstream,
although naturally they are not as
conspicuous then as are the hosts of
the young on their way up-stream.
Nevertheless it is now a well-assured
fact that the eels are catadromous,
that is, that the old descend the
watercourses to the salt water to
spawn, and the young, (at least of
the female sex), ascend them to enjoy
life in the fresh water.” *

Among the fishes surely the eel is
one of the wonders, which is saying

ole FISHING NOTES

A $4 APN i, oe Se Th
the least. It is a fish in every

of the word. Many people, howe
persist in believing that an eel

ete

nothing more or less than a snake in ~
another form. The slime that covers —
the body of an eel has been the talk
of the centuries; there is nothingin
the world quite so slippery. To take —

hold of an eel with the barehandsand ~~
really retain one’s hold is an im- ~
possibility. No writer within my —

recollection has so well commented
upon eel slime as has Charles Hallock,
the distinguished angling-author. He
says:

“Eel slime!
for it. It is slicker than goose grease
and as sticky as fly-paper. Did you
ever try to turn a door-knob with
your hands soaped? It didn’t turn,
did it? But you could let go just
the same? “Well, eel slime sticks
while it slips. It is fast and loose
at the same time. It holds on while
it lets go. Its ambiguity is as queer
as the Irishman’s frog which stands
up when it sits down. You cannot
more unsnarl a coiled line with an
eel in it than you can eat soup with
a fork. If you are new to eels, or
eels are new to you, you are likely
to persist in the effort until you are
as hopelessly involved as a fly ina
web. The eel will thread loops and
bights faster than you can open them
out. He will thrust his head through
one ganglion and his tail through
another and then tie himself’ into a
running bowline, and reeve himself
through the turn of the knot and
come out both ways at once. And
your hands are getting slippier and
stickier all the time. You cannot
hold on to the eel, and the line won’t
let go of your fingers. Your only
recourse is to cut it off as close to
the snarl as you can and throw the
whole mess overboard. But one can
seldom get off so easily. Voila!
When the line has taken several turns
around the painter, and over and un-
der the cleats, and through the handle
of the water-jug, and over both oars,
the only alternatives are, either to
knock the boat to pieces, or cut
everything loose with your jack-knife.
Of course the knife is in your pocket

for, being a novice, you haven't Dd
thought to leave it handy on the

Slippery is no name ~— h

FEO on PRO
hide arabic

thwart, and the quandary is how to
get it out and open without daubing
your clothes and the knife, and split-
ting your thumb-nail. In any event
there can be but one solution to the
gordian knot, and one series of re-
sults, and these are a much-soiled
suit, a spoiled holiday, an irrepressible
eel and a score of two-feet lengths
of cut line useless for shoestrings
and not strong enough for reef
points.”

The above hardly exaggerates the
situation at all. Anyone who has
taken any concern in eel-fishing knows
what that slippery customer is. The
present writer knows of only one
way of getting a good hold on an eel.
That is to have a good coating of
coarse sand on the hands; this will

resist the slime, at least for a time
till a new coating of sand is intro-
duced. It has been suggested that
by rolling the eel in wood ashes the
slime will be killed. But this has
been recommended for use when one
- goes about skinning the catch—
which is quite different. Then, at
least, the eel should be quiet, and
--as dead as death can make it. As
soon as an eel is caught the spine
should be severed back of the head,
and that too before the creature is
taken into the craft. Once ‘inside,
and the rumpus begins. As aknot-
_ tyer and a line destroyer there is no
equal to the eel. He is surpassing
in his eccentric juggling. The eel
never attains to a great size, as some
_ people, unacquainted with the sub-
ject, believe. The weight is always
conservative, among the freshwater
denizens at least. True, the eels in
_ the salt water in other portions of
the word are greater in bulk and
length, but with the freshwater eel,a
_ five pounder is considered a mighty
big fellow. Some think three and
_ four pound eels are big. I have heard
the assertion made that if you should
sand your hands and grasp a five
pound eel back of the neck and hold
it out at arm’s length, so great is the
strength of this creature that it can
break the arm. This it can do by
wrapping its coils around the wrist.
The strength of this creature is won-
derful—it possesses a solid mass of
steel-like muscles that invite com-

J on wi a. ee i : ‘
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RGU TNT Aha ert AO
parison. The firmness and solidity —
of the flesh too is remarkable. It is —

as hard as a rod of iron.
not harmful. It has only minor
teeth. In the West Indies there is
said to be an eel, the moray, with
teeth whose bite is dreaded by the
natives. They club the creature over
the head as soon as it appears at the
side of the boat. The eel is a vora-
cious creature, and seems to eat
whatever he gets a hold of, from dead
fish to living fish. The speed with
which they are able to move through
the water is a point to their credit in
chasing down fishes. One writer
comments that:

“On their hunting excursions they
overturn huge and small stones alike,
working for hours if necessary, be-
neath which they find species of
shrimp and crayfish, of which they
are exceedingly fond. Of shrimps
they devour vast numbers. Their
noses are poked into every imaginable
hole in their search for food, to the
terror of innumerable smaller fishes.”

But at times the eel is an absoiute
scavenger, and will be found in
abundance in and around the sewers
that pour into the large rivers and
streams. Many will not eat them
on this account although the eel is
one of the best tasting fish on the ~
continent, or in the world. Its flesh
is tender, and is charged with delicate
oils. Most generally the eel is cut
into two or three inch portions, dipped
in beaten egg, and after being rolled
in corn meal orcrumbs is fried
brown. But eel is also prepared by.
cutting into like portions and merely
cooking them in water, with seasoning
to match. Either way is a triumph
for the eel is surely fit for an epicure.

As a fishing proposition the eel is
often claimed to be a mighty big
thing. If excitement, such as the
catching of an eel assures, is the mak-
ing of sport, then surely eel fishing
is a true and tried success. While
eels may be taken on the hook with
worms, helgramites and minnows for
bait, still this is not so common in
practice as so-called “‘bobbing”’ for
them. Bobbing for eels has always —
been considered a great pastime, and _
is mostly done in the night-time, in —
mid-summer, when the moon isout

The eel is

ve
fy)

the night the better. I note that
Hallock remarks that the bobs he used
to make were -by threading worms
onto broom-straws, thus—‘‘bunching
them into attractive bobs of red-ripe
lusciousness which was hard for eels
to resist.””> However, this is not the
most common method but rather
that which provides that the worms
be threaded on threads and not on
straws. The best description of an
eel bob follows:

**A bob is made by taking a doubled
thread—silk is best, but common
thread will do—S8 or 9 feet in length.
A thin darning needle is fastened to
one end of the thread. Earthworms
are then taken and stunned by slap-
ping them between the hands. The
needle is then passed through the
worm lengthwise and the worm push-

ed back on the thread. This is kept

up until the thread is full of worms.
The needle is then removed from the
thread and both ends of the string of
worms brought -together and _ tied,
thus making a double string. This
is repeated (but not tied), until the
whole string of worms is upon-a bunch
six inches long. A stout twine is
then firmly tied around the center
of the bunch crosswise, and the two
ends of the bunch allowed to hang
downward; this is called a bob. The
bob is then tied to the end of a stick
3 or 4 feet in length. The twine
should be about 3 inches in length;
some prefer the twine astong as the
stick, and others simply a twine about
9 or 6 feet long.”

Not. all are in understanding of
how the eel is caught on this bob,
since no hooks are used. The reason
why a bob is better than a hook isthe
same reason that should apply to the
bullhead. When the hook is im-
bedded in the gristle of the eel’s mouth
it may not take more than two hours
to get it out. In the case of the bob
the eel locates the bunch of worms
on the end of the line and fastens to
it for better or for worse. The fine
threads in the bob catch on the
teeth, and it is then the eel tries to
draw away. Swiftly the fisherman
pulls up before the threads slip off
the teeth. Some aver that this is

not the case, and that the eel holds

.
Vee
is

DT et re OR ea a
; fo 2 OR ISHING NOSES)
iy ay ae fy) if : ;

full. Others hold that the darker

on just out of bulldog 4
Whichever it be, the
that the bob, devoid of hooks, does —

the job and in an excellent manne a:

ugh —
8 4 r

at that. One bob lasts all thro
an evening.

The fame of Canada as an outing a

region spreads yearly and becomes

more and more of an actual fact as
the people come into a realization of —

the immense outdoor opportunities
to be had here.

reception’ that is accorded people
across the line. As a matter of fact
most of this is hallucination. Canada,
and the greetings shared with visitors
is the same as ever; as cordial as ever:
and warm and abundant as ever,
and the fishing is on a par with the
best in all portions of the country.
To a large portion of the angling.
brotherhood this country is not a new
name. It is an old and well re-
membered friend. It /is the place
to which anglers and outers in general,
rich and poor alike come every year
when the sun shines at the right angle,
and the bugs begin to buzz and the
trees show forth their foliage. In
the lakes and rivers of one Canadian
Province alone, that of Ontario, is
one third of the fresh water of the
world. Geologists tell us that more
than one half of the earth’s supply
of fresh water is contained in the
system of waterways known as the
Laurentian basin, and of this fully
two-thirds is gathered first in the
lakes and streams of Ontario. Vol-
umes can be written and many have
been telling of the vast wealth of game
and fish in the stretches of river.
rock and forest in Canada. Which
brings up the question of the fish
supply, one of the greatest of the
natural resources to be found in Can-
ada. From coast to coast and from
the United States boundary to the
far northland, the fish of the country
forms one of the gigantic assets of
which Canada has right to proudly
boast. It is carefully and judiciously
guarded by the private interests and
by the Federal government to see
that there is no criminal waste of this
resource. No history of the country,
no book of fiction, or early romance

( The great War has
in no sense of the word soiled the ~

Te REC RST ef

ois

Bass toe, WIC).

dealing with the Indians, the voy-
ageurs, the early settlements or the
traders of the Hudson’s Bay Company
would be complete without some
reference to the excellent fishing to
be had in the fish-laden streams and
lakes inland, or the salt waters of the
coast. The fish caught in largest
numbers on the Atlantic coast are
halibut, cod, herring, mackerel and
ollock. The pollock fishing is little
eard of outside of the immediate
neighborhood of the maritime prov-
inces, although the sport of landing
the big fish is as great as that of bag-
ging a trout orasalmon. With a bit
of red flannel for bait on the end of a
strong hook and line the fishermen
set out at either early morning before
sunrise or at dusk.
After trolling for an hour, even
with the proverbial fisherman’s luck,
more than a score of fish for each one
of the party should be the reward.
Between the Atlantic coast and
Montreal there are lakes and streams
known to the fishermen of two con-
tinents. Thousands of men seek this
sport for recreation; many have gone
to the district between Maine and
Quebec City to enjoy it. Notwith-
standing the popularity of these dis-
tricts the supply of fish seems to be as
lJarge as it was in the days of the
origines. The compelling forces of
ivilization have not extended far
enough into the woodlands of this
_ territory to cut the trees, to harness
the streams, and to drive beast, bird
and fish from their natural habitat.
It is easy to travel a short distance
from the cities and still be in the
midst of a country nearly as wild as
it was in the days of the early traders.

Many varieties of trout, from the
dainty brook trout to the greater
grey, or lake trout, are found in the

_ Laurentian Lakes and the waters that
flow into them, and in Canada in
general. The brook trout of the
north attains to a weight and a size
that excells all others of its kind,
anywhere. The brook trout of the
north are famed far and wide for the
pugnaciousness and fight they show
when caught at the end ofa leader’s
length. Five pound trout are con-
sidered big fellows in the States,
but in the far northern waters a

; Peedi ean Gi WN i aes Ee ee
ROD! JD GUN IN CANAD as

speckled hrcek trout of ihe weight is ee
the =

not a rare occurrence. One of
most famed rivers of the north ; just
now is the French River. This splen-
did watercourse forms the outlet from

Lake Nipissing. Until the railway —

opened up this northern territory
it was only available to the men who
were willing to put their provisions
and equipment on their backs and
pack them in. Canoeing was pos-

sible—just as it is now—but to make —

the trip entirely by water, much
arduous portaging was necessary.
This has been eliminated, and now
fishermen can go directly to the spot
where they wish to eamp, by train,
and thus avoid days of hard labor.
The French River, it has been con-
ceded, has some of the best fishing
to be found in the Province of On-
tario.

When one compares the wilderness
of Canada with the slight impressions
that civilization has made upon it
he can see how vast and gigantic it
is. True, the railroads have pene-
trated into it, but civilization remains
but a trifling touch on the map.
From Montreal to Winnipeg one tra-
verses a country with a thousand
miles of almost unbroken timber and
rock. The distance is filled with
watercourses and lakes that abound
with every variety of fish life. It is
a wild section and contains thousands
of square miles of as civilization-
free land as there is to be found.
Save for the cities at the lower part
of the Province of Ontario, a few
smaller towns, and villages,slightly
north of the railroad which form
the highway to this land of fish and

game, there is nothing but an un-

broken solitude where the hunter, fish-
ermen and trapper, if they so will,
have complete sway.

There are plenty of lakes in this
stretch of country that seldom see
a white man and many a corner still
unknown except to the dogged and
enduring Indian guide. Probably
nowhere in the world, unless it be in
Russia, will the fisherman and the
hunter find so great an untamed
area on a civilized continent. The

railway is its only connection with ~
the outside world except for a few —
trails, roads which the lumberman —

i

y

3

.

t

and railway builder have made, or
water routes which are round-about
and hard to navigate. The railroad
makes it possible to enter this wild
region, so little known and still so
untrammelled. It has often been
said that the northernmost wilder-
ness is giving way to the coming of
civilization. Yet, indeed, how mea-
ger are these fashionable inroads
when the vast Canadian spaces are
considered. Only the sturdy, the
adventurous have the nerve to plunge
into the truly wild places; the less
enduring persist in clinging in and

FISHING NOTES

around civilization. To attempt

steeled to it. It calls for a spirit of
daring certainly. Nature, in her
wildest state has obstacles are
to lay in one’s road, and certainly
Canada has some obstacles amid her
wilds that the daring alone can mas-
ter. But it is good to believe that
this is true. We do not like to know
that the world is being tamed as to
woods and waters. We cater always
to the spirit of adventure in us—
new roads to tread and newer de-
lights to experience.

GANG-HOOKS vs. LIVE BAIT

RoBERT PAGE LINCOLN

development of the fishing department

of this magazine a writer took meto task
severely for recommending the use of such a
thing as an artificial minnow that had gang
hooks in any shape, number or manner upon
its person. In the eyes of that person it was
presumably thought about time that I hang up
the mantle that had fallen on my shoulders,
set away the immortal Remington typewriter,
and let it accumulate dust as the ages went by.
In the first place he argued that the use of
artificial minnows with gang hooks was about
as sportsmanlike as using a spear, and would
only be resorted to by the deep-dyed scoundrel
who lives firm in the belief that a pickerel is a
perch and that fishing is best done with a
productive copper wire snare. I will admit
there are many sides to everything and I
always like to give both sides an airing. It
is well to hunt up what is wrong and try and
present what is right. The question we are
now going to take up is: which is the most
sportsmanlike, the artificial minnow or the
live bait system. Prick your up ears now, ye
men of many angling clans, and list to some
sundry and divers views. Ganghooks or live
bait—there we have it.

Cy sc. upon a time in the course of my

Nor would I thus ungently intrude into
realms of renown without some adequate
reason. The reason is: a well known old-time
angler of much renown, who has fished with
angling immortals, has written in the New
York Sun some condemnations of the lowly
plug that ought to take the artificial minnow
manufacturers sit up and take notice, for they

are concerned in that deal—they receive the
full thud of the boot. Let us repeat what
Kit Clarke has written:

“There is one bait that every fresh water
fish will seize if in the least hungry, and this is
the meek and lowly angleworm, native to a
vegetable soil everywhere, and I have always
thought that in the economy of Creation the
Almighty made the angleworm in the especial
interest of anglers, and I am unable to imagine
any other reason for its existence so plenti-
fully. Any kind of fresh meat makes a good
bait, as also do minnows, frogs, grasshoppers,
lamprey eels and mice. All of these are well
imitated in rubber and sometimes prove very
successful, but in recent years a new idea has
been invented that comes very near to being a
disgrace to the gentle art of angling. This is
a plug of wood two or three inches long,
painted in colors and loaded with a bunch
of barbarous hooks the use of which is down-
right murder. I have never used and never
will sacrifice my self-respect by having one in
my possession. I saw one in a tackle store
recently to which ten hooks were attached,
and from such a gang of hooks no fish, foolish
enough to attack it, can ever escape. The
poor fish has no earthly or watery chance to
save its life, and the man who makes use of
this disreputable contrivance is unfit to be
called an angler. He deserves only the con-
tempt of all self-respecting sportsmen. Ang-
ling is a gentleman’s diversion, and heartless,
cold-blooded murder is foreign to his nature.

“Why the splendid black bass attacks this
miserable device, this pitiless, death-dealing

trip into the real wilds one must be ~

eee ee ee

d

;
.
;

“116

ree

ve
7 pat)

system of "Maasathattoh, ‘is perond my com-

prehension, since it looks like nothing else in
existence. It may be the heroic bass imagines
it to be an honorable enemy about to invade
the domain of the fish, and deserving of ex-

termination, and that this induces him to make’

the ‘fierce charge he does. And in the last
analysis the progressive spirit of the age must
have fallen into a bottomless pit when men
seek to inveigle honorable fish with a chunk
of wood loaded with hooks, while so many
16-inch guns are lying around idle. It would
afford me some little pleasure to push one of
these gangs of brutal hooks into the mouth of
the fish butcher who uses it, and then jerk
and pull the thing around for a few moments.
Wouldn’t I have a lot of substantial fun?
Betcherlife!

“The use of such a device means that the
fisherman intends to take fish, utterly regard-
less of methods, consequences or self-respect,
and perhaps nothing better wlustrates this
fierce desire to despoil the waters under any
circumstances than the new electrically
lighted fishing rod invented by a man in
Columbus, Ohio.”’

No doubt you will chuckle over the above
frantic protest and perhaps you see some
wrong moves—if you are a checker player.
Learn to play checkers and you can see the
right moves and the wrong moves. Where

_ Brother Clarke made his grim mistake, his
_ wrong move was when he advocated the use
of live bait rather than artificals. In writing
that condemnation it would have had some

_ backbone if he had left out mention ‘of live
__ bait; as it is his ranting is as weak and limber-
i backed and spineless as a_ jelly-fish. \But
_ enough; let’s tack the thing to the wall and
have done with it. First: artificial minnows
are a “disgrace to the art of angling,” and the
use of them makes for “downright murder’.
Ah! there we have it. Yet Brother Clarke
_ suggests live bait, mind you in the face of all
_ that; this fellow has the nerve to recommend
% the “gentle angler” to use live bait! I always
thought that all “gentle anglers” were down
heels and weight on the use of live bait in any
form. Mr. Clarke does not advocate the use
of flies; he advocates live bait, and worms.
Will Bradford, Doctor Gove and friend
- Hallock please read this. Brother Clarke in
upholding the gentle art of angling, “a
gentleman’s diversion”’ offers the use of live
bait~as, a substitute for the assassinating
artificials. For one that is so discriminating

it would be expected that nothing short of
the dry fly in dry fly fishing would be admitted
but does he suggest anything ofthe sort?

a pike colby for live yea promotes ht
ness and should be followed by the “
angler! 1).

If one were a bit squeamish at all he would
note that Mr. Clarke believes that angle-
worms were made for no other reason, (and
so plentifully), but for use by anglers (note
the anglers Bradford—anglers, gentle anglers)
to aid them in catching fish. And yet angle-
worms have as much of a right, in the eyes
of Nature, to existence,as human beings, and
this includes Kit Clarke. We will admit all
that about a God-instilled human intelligence;
and yet the lowly worm fills just exactly as
fit a place in this world, on this planet, and
was not made more for us to fish with than
Clark and I were made to be used as nurse
maids for young sharks. However we will ;
pass that by. It does not bear upon what we
have to say atall. But as to offeringhve bait
as a substitute for artificials, why we are con- ei
cerned with that.

Charles Bradford, who is about as con-
demnatory of live bait as any truly gentle
disciple of Walton’s that walks—be it said a?
to his especial credit—has the following to.
say concerning live bait: 4

“Many greedy fishermen............ contrive to
convince us that the live lure is equally _
honorable (as honorable as the artificial fly)
notwithstanding that the cruel, clumsy,
uncleanly, unfair, wasteful practice of live- q
bait fishing is condemned by every truly gentle
disciple and practical authority.” And Charles
Bradford further remarks in comparing the
artificial fly with the live bait system, that
gentle anglers abhor it “for the same reason
that the wing shot prefers his appropriate &
arm to a cannon; the yachtsman, his gentle §
craft to a man-o’-war; the horseman, his “4
trained steed to a locomotive; the archer
his arrow instead of a harpoon; and so I might
go on in similes that would burlesque every
form of recreative amusement in the world.

And speaking of gentle angling that pur-
ports to be the most humane of all recreative
processes, yet feathers from the most valuable
and rare birds are used in the making of
various flies; these flies mean that thousands
upon thousands of birds are killed yearly to
supply flies for “‘gentle” anglers. That’s very
humane, wsn’t it? I will admit that not so
much of that occurs now—though it still holds
good in England. England makes thousands
of flies from the feathers of valuable birds, and —
the importation of those feathers and bird ©
skins is not forbidden. ‘True, we are not —
allowed to import the rare bird skins a

»
nd

re

“th

ars, but ah! we are allowed to buy the
flies, are we not, or do I err. Then “gentle”
‘anglers buy these flies and prate of being
humane. They are as much the cause of the
death of these rare birds as are the bird
_ slaughterers themselves. It will therefore
_be seen that even “gentle” anglers have their
limitations.

When the tariff bill went through that put

a stop to the sending of rare bird skins and

feathers into the United States for use in

making up flies for ‘gentle’ anglers there

was an awful howl and the “‘gentle”’ art was

considered on the decline. Once the “gentle”

. anglers were not allowed to use flies made
from feathers taken from valuable birds they
indirectly helped to slaughter, they saw the
finish of their “‘gentle” art. The very paper
in which Mr. Kit Clarke’s article, against
wooden minnows, appeared, the New York
Sun, said according to my friend Charles
Bradford, of Wildfowlers’ fame:

“The first effect of prohibiting the impor-
tation of the feathers for flies will be to drive
many back to bait fishing. An Angler. using
bait should take ten trout for every one he
could kill with a fly. The Government, the
States, and clubs are sending large sums for
the stocking of streams with trout. The
expenditure would scarcely be justifiéd if there
is to be bait fishing in these streams for they
would soon be fished out. Thousands who

~ formerly used bait have taken up fly-fishing
because it is better sport.”

And yet in spite of the fact that even the
New York Sun condemns live bait as being a
‘murderous’ system, here comes such a
“sentle”’ angler as Kit Clarke advocating the
use of live bait as a “gentle” system, though
I may say that if the use of live bait was
universally adopted, the lakes and waters
would be devastated in short order. Yet
this would be ‘“‘gentle’’ according to Kit
Clarke. If we were not addressing an honor-
able assembly we would ha-ha out loud!

Commenting upon the New York Sun’s
allusion that many fly fishermen would take up
bait fishing, Charles Bradford says:

“Many what? Not Anglers, by any means,
because the Angler would rather merely try
to catch his trout with an artificial fly made
from a feather duster than to be assured of
catching the game with a worm or minnow.”
“(Note the worms and minnows Brother
Clarke)” or salmon egg. The ‘many’ refers
to fishermen, or professional fly tiers, not
Anglers. The Angler and the ordinary fisher-
man are as far separated in Character and
Nature asthe humming-bird and the buzzard ”’

(Pretty hard on the 2 eh
will admit it Bradford) sand se
and lesson!” ae

And as the immortal Charles Hallock 0
said in commenting upon the use of applia un
other than the fly:

“Give me fly-fishing in its panty
me worms!”

Mr. Clarke advocates the use of incon-
ceivable rubber minnows, frogs, worms and —
mice. I once saw a man using rubber worms
and never hope to see another. About the — {
most foolish farce that was ever baitedontoa
simple public, that buys anything that comes _
along, was the rubber worm, frog, minnow,
etc. Disgust allows me to go no further on
that subject. Boys bite on those things now-
a-days; some do. But even six year old boys
have stopped buying them now. ie

Now we will take up Mr. Clarke’s “gentle” i:
live bait system. He advocated frogs to be
used for bait. What is the system used in ©
frog fishing? This, first: the frog must be
alive and have the kick to it. Without that 38
it is useless. No man can suggest that the
frog be killed before hooking it on. Without
the kick, one might as well use a green-
spotted rubber frog. Now in “gently” and
“humanely” using the live frog all you do is to :
“gently” drive a hook through the frog’s
head (not killing it however). When you
hook on the frog (Mr. Clarke advocates the
frog, among his live bait, and later says,
“angling is a gentlemen’s diversion, and
heartless, cold-blooded murder is foreign to
his nature.’’), be not afraid, it’s “‘gentle”.
Mr. Clarke says so, and if he says so, ask
father, he knows. But let us serve the “gentle”
Mr. Clarke with some of his own hot coals.
Were I devoid of the genius and talent wheih
is mine, (thank you), I would pass it by, but
it cannot be done.

Our Brother Kit Clarke comments: “It
would afford me some little pleasure to push
one of these gangs of brutal hooks into the
mouth of the fish butcher who uses it, and
then jerk and pull the thing around for a few
moments. Wouldn’t I have a lot of sub-
stantial fun?”

Yea, verily, Mr. Clarke, and *twould give
us a pleasure to ram a hook down some live
bait fisherman’s gab, get a good firm hold and
then jerk it around for a few moments the way
the live frog has to put up with it, using your
“gentle” system. Tit for tat, Brother Clarke.
You thought you got off something wonderful
there didn’t you, and that no one would dare
question you? Ever noticed Brother Clarke,
when you jab a frog through its poor head

Patt RE A ORCL Ee PE oe
’ 2 ‘

1118

preparatory to “‘gentle’’ angling how the poor
thing squirms as that cruel barb goes home
and how it tries, in the name of self-preserva-
tion to get away; have you ever thought when
you have stood looking at that frog as it
piteously put its wonderfully human-like
hands up over its head as though to shield
itself from the horrible fate that portends how
“gentle” and naiad like and zephyry and in
what a Waltonistic manner you were dis-
porting yourself at the expense of the fruly
Gentle Pastime—by advocating live bait.
Did you notice after you had hooked on the
frog how its poor hands grasped the hook;
how it clung to them and tried to push that
horrible and deadly monster out of its poor
head. And do you remember the last time
how that frog twisted its feet up and arched
its back pushing with both front legs and back
legs and you “gently” saw all that and
“gently” advocated all that, didn’t you?
Then you cast that frog time after time, and
the poor frog, as alive as ever, swims with that
hook and tries to get away. For as high as ten,
fifteen minutes you cast that frog, and it is
still alive and the hole in the head is more
ragged than ever. Finally the mouth opens
and the blubber comes out “‘gently’’, as is
befitting when gentlemen are not “heartless”
and when “cold-blooded murder is foreign to
their nature.”’ And all the time the frog lives
and weakly tries to get away, enduring the
most horrible suffering that a creature is ever
called upon to bear;—compared with this the
Spanish Inquisition would be an afternoon
tea; but this is what our Waltonistic Brother,
Mr. Clarke, offers as a relief from the bar-
barous gang hooks. And then you say, after
a fisherman has used a gang hook minnow,
when the bass is caught, his is a “disgraceful
death.” And I swear that if the use of
artificals is a more disgraceful means you can
use me as shark food. How would you like
to have a shark hook punched through your
head Clarke, you being yanked around and
flung end over end through the air, and hauled
through the water. It would be “gentle”
and zephyry wouldn’t it, and taking your own
words from your mouth, changing them to
read a little better, listen to this: And in the
last analysis the progressive spimt of the age
must have fallen into a bottomless pit when
men seek to inveigle honorable fish with live
bait, thus promoting suffering not only to one
creature but immeasurably to another, the
lure. And additionally, anyone who is so
foolish to try and say that the live bait
system is any better or more humane than the
artificial bait then I say, let that man see one

of those fellows that study the ae ,
for deformities and knobs pointing toleee: ”
ness of the mental screws.

This man who dubs the artificial minnow

a “pitiless, death-dealing system of assassin-
ation, “‘yet has the insipid nerve to praise and
uphold live bait. He advocates the use of
live minnows. Here, as with the frog, you
“‘assassinate” the lure alive, and kill it by
slow degrees like the Indians “gently” toasted
white captives alive at the stake. But this
s “gentle” friends, ‘‘gentle’’ and soothing—
as long as the “‘angler’’ (are you following this
closely Bradford?) is not the one who has the
hook punched through his head or his back.

Then again Mr. Clarke advocates for
live bait, just what? This: mice. There we
have it, mice. Once I believe I let creep into
an article of mine the information that I had
heard that live mice were good lures on the
hook, for trout and all other game fishes. I
writhed under the mistake I had made when
it appeared in print and I may have made
a few illusions in coming articles for which I
ask forgivenness. I should not have men-
tioned it. But here we have Mr. Clarke,
“gently” suggesting live mice on the hook
in place of the barbarous, assassinating
gang hcoks. All you do is to get some live
mice. You run the hook into their hides and ©
cast them “gently” out so that you will get
some fishes.
much better than gang-hooks. Or you go out
and ‘“‘gently” rob a field mouse nest in the
spring, of its young. and then you take these
hairless, blind creatures and run a fine hook
through them. This is “gentle’’ and an ex-
cellent system, a live bait system, forsooth,
according to Brother Clarke.

It is apparent from Mr. Clarke’s article
that he is as little acquainted with artificial
minnows as I am with the stars, else he would
not have been so bombastic. But he saw one
in a tackle store window that had ten hooks
on it and recoiled from it as one who touches
a hot stove. Odd isn’t it? Some fellows recoil
from little things like that, but think little or
nothing about human beings hanging dis-
emboweled on wire entanglements at the
front. That’s almost as good as the joke of
the woman who preached protection of the

‘birds with an aigrette plume on her hat; or

the woman who laments that fur bearing
animals are so cruelly trapped but wears a fur
coat and sports a muff, or a fur whereon

ermines with malicious black bead eyes glare :
at you from every nook. Verily, what idiots er

some people are.

How humane it all is, and how> _

But to return to the subject matter. There
are artificials now made that are about as
sportsmanlike lures as can be found on the
market. Artificials are made with less and
less hooks on them. The Heddon Dowagiac
Company are putting out their lures with

_ double hooks, easily threaded on or off at will.

If you want one double hook only, simpiy
thread off the other. Sportsmanli!:.’ It
has the live bait system _that Kit Clarke
advocates backed so far into the oblivion of
eternity that it looks like that round hole
called Nothing. Likewise the South Bend
baits. They have long put out a bait with one
gang to it, the bucktail combination. . What
in the world more sportsmanlike do you want?
The bass is not fettered up if he is caught; he
has swing and elbow room! The latest South
Bend innovation is the single hook idea, and’
you will hear more of that later. These hooks
can be snapped on or off at will. If you want
one single hook, you are entitled to it. If
two, snap on two; if three snap on your three
and don’t howl and condemn about artificials
being unsportsmanlike. There was a time
in the past when this was true, but that is
gone. The artificials with innumerable gangs
of hooks on them were ridiculed and con-
demned by all the angling writers—myself
foremost. I have always refused to counten-
ance one bait company because it persisted
in selling a battleship bait with about two
thousand hooks on it.

The Jamison Company also put out baits
with double hooks. The Jamison Coaxer,
which is about the only truly weedless bait
on the market, and can be cast in the densest
pads has a single hook, in back. Yet it isn’t
gentle we presume—in the estimation of Kit
Clarke. All artificial minnow companies now
put out minnows with single hooks, or doubles,
and less and less hooks every year. Asa sport-
ing appliance now the artificial beats the
bloody, cruel live bait system on every point.
Quite the contrary to Mr. Clarke’s illusion,
the true anglers of today are more and more
leaving the live bait and adopting the artificial
lures with the single or double hooks. The
day is in the past when artificials can be con-
demned as unsportsmanlike. Because the
many-ganged minnows are passing every year,
and as they pass more and more fishermen are
using them, and discarding the live bait as toc
cruel, and ungentle. The movement for
sanity in artificial minnows has forged
speedily ahead and has won over the live bait.

Mr. Clarke offers a very strange analysis
of the “destructive” artificial minnow. He
holds the artificial a death-dealing system.

“OS: RISHING NOES) oe

‘ A ee
But we presume that the live bait syst e
not death-dealing; and that artificials alon
are death-dealing. When you catch a fish on
a live lure you do not deal a card of death

hep
werent
%

to him he is still living, even when you serve _
Mr. Clarke makes the

him on the table?
accusation that the use of artificals is assassin-
ation. Wrong, Clarke.
kill unawares, when the victim is not looking,

To assassinate is to

or has no knowledge of the murderer’s pre- — s ay

sence. Does the artificial do this? No. The
bass is aware of its presence and does not have
to strike if it he does not want to. What Mr.
Clarke set out to say was that many gang
hooks catch the fish all over thus hampering
him, taking all the fight out of him, and this
is true, but it applies entirely to the artificial
minnow carrying as high as five gangs; this
style has always been condemned. We never
have upheld this sort of a minnow. Further-
more minnows of many gangs are made so that,
by one system or another, these gangs may be
screwed out, leaving only one gang on duty
if yousowish. As to the gang hook being more
painful than the single hook, at this we laugh.
We presume that the one hook used when live
bait fishing does not pain at all when it sinks
in; only the gang pains. Rubbish! In the
meantime this eulogizer and open recom-
mender of the live bait over the artificial does
not mention the “pitiless, death-dealing sys-
tem of assassination” when the live bait fisher
rams his hook into the brain, or near to the
brain of the live, squirming frog. If anything
looks more like cold-blooded, under-handed
treacherous assassination then this does,
commend me to it, yet this “gentle” angler
recommends this as being better than a gang-
hook. Again,—rubbish!

As for the pain it causes the fish. I had it
explained to me by a student of fish affairs
and fish, who happens to be an authority on

such matters. He proved that the pain a hook
in the mouth causes a fish is so small, if any
that it is beyond mention. When the hook
catches in the cartilege, there is no pain felt.
I, myself, have proven this time and againl
and you can prove it likewise. I have caught
a fish for a third time after he has gotten
away. I once had a bass close to shore and
he fought very well indeed. You would think
that bass would never again be fooled. Yet
the next day I caught that same bass, and the
skin of the mouth had quite a hole torn in it.
Painful? The feeling of fish in this matter,
Mr. Clarke would have us believe, is the
same as that felt by human beings, warm
blooded animals.

Furthermore the survival of the fittest
exists in the wild from the tiniest insect up to
the higher animals. All fishes live in danger
of extermination in one way or another. The
larger prey upon those below them; and those
below them prey upon those smaller yet, and
so forth. It is a “cold-blooded”’ proposition
any way you look at it. The fishes themselves
waste no time on-humanitarian principles.
They would kill any way they could just so
that they could or can get what they are after.
The preying fish swoops down upon.the dis-
abled minnow in the water and eagerly nabs
it up, not through humane principles (to put
a poor creature out of suffering) but because
it can get that disabled fish for food without
undue exertion. The wobbler minnow imi-
tates the disabled minnow. The bass believes
this true and strikes it. What is wrong about

¢ that? Does thé ly fisher hot

“exact imitations” the living flies

ai
trout feed on, thus to lure them; then y why |

should not imitation wobblers be used?

In closing this article allow me to say that I
haye practically given up frogs as a lure for
bass. I hope I may have aspired that high
at least. I will not be partner to advocating
greatly hereafter the use of frogs for bait, not
as long as humane, sportsmanlike artificials
with increasingly few hooks on them are to be
had and as long as pork rind is to be used on a
single hook, can be purchased, or made to
order. If Mr. Clarke had mentioned pork
rind as a lure I would have been more lenient
with him. This is by farthe most sportsman-
like; but no word was mentioned about any
form being best or humane, save live bait.

A CANADIAN PRIZE WINNER

MONG the prize winners in last season’s

New York Evening Post Fishing Con-

test appears the name of a Canadian,

that of Mr. H. J. Morrisse, Toronto, Ont.,
who was successful in catching a 19-pound
salmon trout in Temagami. In awarding

H. J. MORRISSE, TORONTO.

the grand prize only those entries whose fish
were eligible and who submitted a story and
photograph were considered. The award was

not based upon the size of the fish only but
upon the completeness of detail required,
the clearness of the facts, and the concise
and interesting character of the narrative

rather than upon literary style or quality.

Mr. Morrisse, although not winning the chief
prize was among the list of eleven prize win-
ners. The story of his catch as it was given
to readers of the Post is as follows:

“I arrived at Temigami Station, which

is 298 miles north of Toronto, Thursday,

August 10. I then boarded the steamer
and travelled seventeen miles up the lake,
reaching Cochrane Camps about 3 p.m.
I immediately proceeded to adjust my tackle
preparatory to fishing the day following.
Friday morning, August 11, found me busy
with correspondence, but at 2:30 p.m. I was
ready for the ‘big ones.’

“Mrs. Cochrane was at the dock and just
before leaving I said to her, ‘I shall not re-
turn unless I have a fish weighing twenty
pounds or over.’ Of course, this was partly
in jest, though I had ‘misgivings’ that this
was my day and fully expected to land a good
one. I had a split bamboo rod, a large reel,
holding 360 feet of Imperial No. 20 copper
wire, and as soon as_I reached deep water,
about 1,000 feet distant from the camp, I

let my wire out slowly, reserving about 100
feet in case I should have to battle with a. ae

whale.

“T had been trolling but about five min-—
utes when a familiar tug at my line con- |

some gly aed

aloe’

D AND

_ It was soon apparent that it was not a mon-
ster, though he gave a good fight, and when
landed tipped the scales at three pounds.
This was encouraging, and it was not long
before I had my large otter tail and wire in
the water, anxious to lure and catch my
twenty-pounder. The course patrolled was
about one mile, and I had proceeded but half
the distance when there came a jerk that
left no doubt in my mind that my prize was

at the other end, giving unmistakable evidence:

of an intense desire to remain as far below
the surface as possible. For the first few
minutes he played more like a bass, and then
a lull, and he renewed the same tactics. My
oarsman, a friend, was as deeply interested
as F, so much so that I was compelled to re-
quest him to attend to the oars and to be
prepared to follow my instructions instantly.
It has been my experience that a good oars-
man is a very important factor, and with an
inexperienced man the chances of losing the
‘big ones’ are excellent.

“At times he would take fifty to seventy-
five feet of line at almost incredible speed,
and then would swim rapidly in the direction

of the boat, or sulk. I found the sulking
scheme rather confusing, and had it not been
for earlier activity I might have been war-
ranted in assuming that I had caught a good-
sized log. I found it quite impossible to
secure one inch of line by reeling, so there
was nothing to do but te row and tow the
beggar. and this I did, but only for a short
time, for my ‘log’ soon became very animated,
and I had to pursue different tactics.

Courtesy C. P. R.

ini bd 2M that I had a fish at the other end. |

aera, NDG UN. AEN

“T knew that at the fay of my: 5 ith th

was a larger fish than I had ever landed, and
my anxiety was great. I began to grow very
skeptical, first thinking that my spoon or —
wire would break, or that my oarsman would

do the wrong thing. I knew that the quickest
way to insure landing him was the slow-death
method, and as I was without a.gaff and
had no idea of the weight of the fish, I bided
my time, determined to bring him to the
boat without a quiver left. The battle raged
for forty-five minutes, and with me it was
a battle of wits and wrists. Finally Mr.
Fish was brought to the side of the boat,
giving very little evidence of life, and upon
perceiving this, and that apparently he was
securely hooked, I took my chance and lifted
him safely into the boat. He was a beauty.

“Out went the line again, and in about
ten minutes there was another ’phone mes-
sage from the deep, and after about twenty-
five minutes’ fight I landed another big one.
Within an hour I had caught two more, and
then started for camp. The scales was the
first thought upon landing and we soon
learned that the big one weighed 19 pounds
and the next in size 11% pounds, the weight
of the catch being 41 pounds. The ‘big one’
was 411% inches long.

“I was at these camps for two weeks, fished
every day for hours, and only once did I
patrol my favorite course without a strike.
The following Friday, August 18, I landed one
weighing 16 pounds and one 10% pounds,
the former requiring one hour and forty min-
utes to land. I have practically fished all
over the lake, and no better fishing is to be
had than in the vicinity of Cochrane Camps.”

LANDING A BEAUTY

Adah eeate Riko a tte A
a Soe Ne = ab

~

MOSSBACK WENT

‘*MOSSBACK”’ if 3,

fessor, urged me to come up to Pointe

au Baril and spend a week of my vaca-
tion with him at his island in the Georgian
Bay, promising to show me some real fish
and how to catch them. In the waylaying
of deer or “‘varmints’” he would leave all
details to me, but he claimed (with good
reason) that as a fisherman he outranks me
by as many degrees as are appended to his
name in.the official College Calendar. He
assured me that even if (as usual) I caught
nothing, I would find the outdoor life thor-
oughly enjoyable. I decided to let him
“show me” just what there is in the fishing
game, and to accept cheerfully “‘Fisherman’s
Luck.”

Monday, August, 21st, 1916, was a scorch-
ing hot day, and the railway journey to
Pointe au Baril station was no joke, but the
run out to the island on Captain Watt’s

AST summer my old friend, the Pro-

staunch little steamer ‘‘Waukon” was worth |

going miles to enjoy. It was nearly 7 p.m.
when the “Waukon” left me on the little
whan in front of the Professor’s bungalow,
and that evening was spent before a huge
old-fashioned fire-place in which a spruce
stump blazed cheerily, while we reviewed
events since we last met some half-dozen or
more years ago. Then a 10-hour stretch of
real truly sleep with the cool, pine-scented
lake breeze coming through the open win-
dows. Tuesday began with a leisurely break-
fast on the porch of the bungalow, while I
noted idly the departure of the fishing fleet
from the Hotel Ojibway, real anglers and
their guides and skiffs being towed by two
motor launches out to the localities where
each pair had decided to try their luck that
day. The sight failed to arouse any en-

_ thusiasm; I had no ill will against any fish

in that part of the map; none of them had
ever done me any harm; I felt grateful to
them for having lured me from the swelter-
ing heat of a city office to so restful and
comfortable a place.

It was well on in the afternoon before the
Professor could induce me to go out and pay
my compliments to the iish. As we sat on
the porch talking of other matters, I could
see that he was devoting unusual care and
thought to the adjustment of his trolling
tackle, choosing a sinker of just the right
weight and shifting it on the line till its dis-

1122 lit

M int
t :
ay ld bay" t ¥

ie
RAN

tance ahead of the spoon hook suited him.
He reminded me of Old Sam Wilson of Hough-
ton Lake, the best “driver” of deer I ever
met. Old Sam could neither read nor write, -
while I have seen reviews in seven languages
of the Professor’s literary work, but their
methods were essentially the same, a careful
consideration of wind and weather, tempera-
ture and time of year, the sun’s declination —
and the moon’s phase, and the psychology
of the game in view, whether it be fur, fin,
feather or wild meat.

I took the stern seat in the skiff and the
Professor hit up the “white ash breeze” for
a mile before he gave the word to let out a
couple of hundred feet of line. Fishing is
an easy game with one great advantage over
deer-hunting,-you can smoke while you
wait, even ““Hudson Bay” tobacco, the pung-
ent odor of which would prohibit its use,
either in still-hunting, or while waiting on
a runway.

The Professor was rowing at a speed nicely
regulated to keep the hook at the right depth,
we had been running through narrow deep
channels for about 15 minutes when a jerk
on the line gave notice that it was up to me
to get busy. I forgot all I had read in ‘Rod
and Gun’ about “playing” a fisn, I hauled
in the line, hand over hand. I soon had a
small ‘lunge in the skiff. It was only 22 —
inches long and slim-built at that, but it ©
looked good to me, and I would not have
cared if I had not caught another fish.

Wednesday morning the Professor an-
nounced that we would go down to the Hem-
lock Channel after black bass, and would —
buy some live bait on our way from a boy —
who imported the real goods, and we would
offer the bass their choice of several lures.
We did not see any small frogs and our
minnow trap caught only crawfish which
the bass were tired of that week. The boy
was out of stock, so the best we had to offer |
was a medium-sized bass spoon attached to |
a couple of hundred feet of cutty hunk bass
line which I could let out and reel in from
a light steel rod 6% feet long. A few med- —
ium-sized black bass had been gathered in, |
when with the remark: “I’ve got hold of a —
4-pound bass,” I began to reel in the line on
the principle, “What We Have We’ll Hold,” —
winding in every inch I could gain, trus ;
to luck that the rod and line would s

train. The Professor started full steam
ahead, occasionally yelling, “Keep your point
down,” whenever the light steel rod appeared
to be in danger of being tied up in hard knots.
I don’t know how that rod and line stood the

, but it did, and dragged a medium-
sized “lunge within reach of the gaff, and he
was/ soon in the skiff, his struggles quieted
by a sharp rap on his skull from an old axe
helve. He was only 28 inches long, but he
was fairly “heavy set,” and fully three times
the size and weight of the bass I saw hauled
~ out of an eddy at the foot of Bala Falls after
it had made a total wreck of an expensive
looking split bamboo rod.

Thursday was showery with wind enough to
raise “‘whitecaps’” in the wider spaces be-
tween theislands. We did not go out till late
afternoon, and then kept in the narrower
channels within a mile of the bungalow.
The trolling hook was put out in a little bay
of about three acres extent, and in a very few
minutes there came a strain on the line that
meant a heavy fish. A real angler would
have played that fish for keeps,—both ends
against the middle,—but I wanted him too
badly to take any chances, so I romped him
right up within reach of the gaff. He proved
to be a heavy-set “lunge, length 34 inches,
girth 14 inches. He was promptly hauled
into the skiff and given his quietus with the
old axe helve.

We always kept a square yard of burlap
in the boat. It is a good thing to have when
you haul in a large fish. A lively 3-foot
*lunge takes up a lot of room in a skiff, and
even if he does not get out and away, you

find your line hopelessly tangled up
ne a the excitement is over. Throw the
burlap over the fish at once; it will hamper
him a lot, and you have a much better chance
to hold him still while you crack his skull
with a club.

The previous week under the Professor’s
guidance a lady had caught arid landed a
*lunge 40 inches long, girth 17 inches. Ap-
parently he considered her a more capable
angler than I, and a 34-inch “lunge was the
heaviest fish against which he cared to risk
his tackle in my hands. Anyway I bested

every fish he put up against me; the bigge
one didn’t get away; nothing got away that
once got foul of a hook while I was at the
other end of the line. Next summer I

take along some real tackle and challenge ;
the Professor to run me up against a regular —
bear-cat of a ‘lunge or pickerel, the biggest
fish he can tind in the whole Georgian Bay,
and [’ll bet him a whole pound of the strong-
est tobacco to be got that I will have that
fish in the skiff inside of two minutes.

Friday was my last day and we had intend-
ed trying deep trolling for lake trout, but
the bait boy came along with a supply of
genuine angle-worms said to have been dug
up at Mt. Forest, and we decided to try for
some worth-while black bass. We took the
canoe and combed all the likely places, but

‘the big ones were not eating live bait that

day. Most of it was eaten up by fish of
the “buttinski’” sort, rock bass, perch, and
under-sized black bass, all of which we threw
back to grow till next year. It was slow
work, but I improved the time by picking
out the spot where some November day I
will post the Professor with my “Old Re-
liable’ deer rifle, and with the aid of a couple
of Indians from the near-by Shawanaga Re-
serve, drive a 4-pronged buck “right over
top of him.”

When we got back to our island the Pro-
fessor said he would use up the little remain-
ing bait trying for rock bass off the little
wharf. Soon he was yelling for someone to
bring the landing net and help him secure
the finest small-mouthed black bass I saw
on the trip. Rather a joke on him to catch
a real good one right at his own doorstep
after vainly combing the noted bass haunts
for miles around, but the sort of joke one can
stand a lot of.

That Pointe au Baril region is all right.
The summer climate, the scenery, the fish-
ing, the islanders,—all of them are the best
ever. Each islander is firmly convinced
that the view from his own bungalow is the |
very finest in all the land. Consequently
everybody is contented and cheerful, and
the Pointe is an ideal locality in which to
enjoy a well-earned vacation.

a Pr

4

cra aie aia i dia Bi) Bodkin PAY Bo As AA Sade ne ee bs

Ke pi ia ! he CTR Ra ae
i baal a ss bight
CANOEING IN TE FAR NORTH |
Cuas Eymunpson EM sy)

ERHAPS the most picturesque river in
Pp Alberta is a portion of the Clearwater
River, from the Cascade to the White-
mud Canyon, a distance of about ten miles.
It is rough water in places with groups of
islands, while between the rapids, mill ponds
of calm, silent water glide along. No two
islands are alike. There are islands of jungle,
islands of evergreen and jack-pine ridges,
islands with rocky towers and islands of rock
only. An admirer of nature cannot help but
fall in love with the beautiful surroundings.
One would almost believe that the finger of
God in times past had performed the work
of a mighty mechanic. Still, though at the
head of all this marvelous beauty, the White-
mud Canyon has often been described as the
Gates of Hell. When standing on a cliff over
a hundred feet high the mad water rushing
’ through, beating about and roaring the solid
rock you stand on seems to shiver and many a
faint heart has turned back terrified atthe
scene beneath. It is an old Indian saying
that nothing ever came through the White-
mud Canyon alive. Now that you have gota
description of the most interesting part of this
article I will begin my story.

Six canoes are leaving Fort McMurray.
Five of them in the lead are loaded with pro-
visions for Portage La Loche. In the last
canoe are Sergeant Thorne of the R. N. W.
M. P. with Joe Linuet, a French chef, and the
writer as a guide. The Sergeant was ques-
tiened as to his capability in a canoe by the
guide previous to starting. “Poor canoe
man” was the reply. For all that he took his
seat in the bow of the canoe, with sleeves
folded above his“elbows exposing well de-
veloped muscles and the paddle was handled
with greater skill than shown by most would-
be canoe men. His strength shot the canoe
ahead past one canoe and then another until
they were all in the rear. The first half day
took us some two miles above the Pembina
River, over twenty miles from the Fort, where
acamp was pitched for the night, and the chef
performed his duty, in preparing a feast.

Four o’clock the next afternoon took us
within sight of the Cascade. At the foot of
the rapids stood a beautiful buck moose, un-
aware of the approaching danger. A bom-
bardment soon commenced and after the
guide had made a few disgusting misses the
Sergeant hit his mark and got the head. The
rest of the day was spent in carving the buck,
which was divided amongst the Indians who
that evening caught up to us. Then the

1124

canoe and luggage were packed across the _
portage for the next morning’s early start.
The third day’s journey took us into
Saskatchewan to where the trail crosses
country for twelve miles to Lake La Loche,
The chef was not only good at his profession,
he constructed a lean-to that evening so
artistically bedded with spruce boughs that it
got our highest admiration. That evening ~
lingers in the memory to this day. The Sar-
geant sang his comic songs and sprang comical
yarns. A bright fire lit up the surroundings.
The stars twinkled above, while in the shad-
ows of the spruce an occasional crackling was
heard. ‘‘The wild beasts of the forest have
come to listen to you”? Was my remark. With
a grin on his face the Sergeant answered, “I
don’t blame them. We will give them the
mock of the guitar.”” At that far away in the
hillside the timber wolves groaned and moan-
ed and the chef suggested bed.
While breakfast was being prepared next
morning the Sergeant put on his moccasins
for the trail, and as soon as our appetite was
satisfied he lit out as lightfooted as a jack-
rabbit. The trail was bad, we were in water
up to our ankles and coming to a creek which
empties into Lake La Loche we observed an
Indian birch bark canoe which we consider
easier travelling than walking. After getting
into same Indian fashion we found it to be
something of a sieve. ‘‘Let her go” the Ser-
geant said, ‘“There is a baler” as he tossed me
a tin can, and we baled and paddled around
one curve and then another. A mile and a
half brought us in view of the lake. The wind -
was blowing and the waves were high, the
birch bark would not stand the sea. By
crossing the lake we could reach Portage La_ |
Loche within seven miles. Portage La Loche ~
is on the west side of the lake and by walking
around bends and bays it meant a journey
of twelve miles. I explained to the Sergeant |
that on the trip with J. M. Hill, chief Fire |
Ranger at McMurray, we had not founda _ |
boat and the chief being something of a water —
fowl, stripped, swam the creek and got that |
old raft for my ferry, but after wadingthrough |
muskeg two miles up the shore of the lake we |
came to another creek wider than this one
with a raft again on the opposite side. The —
chief insisted that it was my turn to get the |
raft. What could I do?, I could not refuse,
being his guide, but believe me I don’t want |
another such swim among frogs, worms and
leeches. Leeches may be good for bad ble
but I have no good blood to bait

Ate

gratify these pests. I have known leeches to
hang on by only one end but the Portage
La Loche ones hang on by both ends. To
wait until they dropped off was the chief’s
suggestion. I waited until I could wait no
longer. The chief was on his way rejoicing,
I could wait no longer. Desperately I tore
off one and then another until I had them all
but the ones I could not get at, on my back.
Later they rolled down my pants’ legs and my
feet were bathed in well—the blood of leeches.
At that the Sergeant had just eyed a flat-
bottomed water craft and on arriving found a
pair of oars. ‘Just the thing’ the Sergeant
said, “Just the thing we want.’ We pushed
it out and pulled for the high sea but the scow
_ was not high enough. Water splashed in first
on one side and then on the other. It wasa
case of more pulling and baling. The waves .
would lift us up and then drop us down like a
bucking horse, causing a ticklish sensation
but at length we got past the mouth of Leech
Creek and there discarded our life saver! I
don’t know about the Sergeant but I was tired,
hungry and sore. I guess he was hungry
all right for he said something about the chef
and the good grub that he had left behind.
Four miles further brought us to an Indian
village and the good squaw volunteered to
give us something to eat. It was dried fish
pounded up until it looked something like
shredded wheat or sheep’s wool, with bear oil
poured over it, and cold potatoes. It tasted
like castor oil on wool, but I ate it. The
Sergeant could not goit. With a grin on his
face he managed to down a cold potato. We
paid a dollar for our dinner. Half past five
brought us to the Hudson bay post at Portage
La Loche, and after introducing the Sergeant
to Mr. Green the manager they became so
friendly that I came to the conclusion that
they had been school mates across the pond.
Our chef was no more thought of. We were
soon seated at a table with Mr. Green in the
snug Hudson Bay quarters. To count up all
we got to eat would take up too much space,
but we had hot potatoes fried in bluenose
butter. While eating the Sergeant related
the story of the Indian Village and I can hear
Mr. Green laughing yet. After supper we
were shown a feather pillow H. B. blankets
and linens on spring bed, ‘‘Good-night”’ and
Irolledin. It was one o’clock in the morning;
I woke up hearing two strong voices singing,
__ “On the Way to Mandalay.” I was about to
holler at them to cut it out, but I could not,
_ it sounded too nice. I listened, it was like a
_ dream. I enjoyed it and wished for more and
“more came. I was beginning to wish that I

:
_

=

Me WaT beet

‘the next day with an early start. But the

was a youth again. I fell in love with the —
tune and then with the two boys that were so
happy. They passed from Mandalay to —
Tipperary, from Tipperary to Redwing, from __
Redwing to something else, I don’t remember _
what for I was asleep.

It was breaking day, the songs were over
and the Sergeant was rolling in, after bidding
good-morning I was again dead to the world.

On the second day the kind Mr. Green
transferred us across the lake and that evening
we were again with our chef on the banks of
the Clearwater river. The river was in high
water, having risen about four feet and we
speculated on making back to Fort McMurray

early start was not obtainable; we were tired
and slept well, so did the chef. Nine o’clock
brought us to the head of the Whitemud
Canyon. In the middle of the river stands a
rocky island, perpendicular like a statue.
It seems to command like an officer with an
uplifted hand, ‘“‘Halt’’, By keeping close to
the right hand shore you can avoid death and
destruction and Thorne wanted to ascend the
island and it was accomplished from behind.
He is probably the first man that has ever
stood on the island and since then it bears the
name of Thorne’s Island. When leaving the
island we cautiously reached the right hand
shore and by hugging around a triangular
point we avoided danger and got into a pool
to the right of the canyon. There is where
the wonders of creation commence.Out of that
pool runs a creek about twenty feet in width
and empties into the river over a mile below
the canyon. In preference to making the
portage we decided on running that. To our
horror when gliding through the splashing
water we saw wind-falls cross and recross the
creek ahead. ‘“‘Could we stop?’’ No, no
stop, going too fast.”” I almost felt ashamed
of myself having put my comrades in such
danger. I had to make the best of it how-
ever and these obstacles had not been there.
on my previousrun. I shouted to my men to
lie down or get their brains batted out, as
I was endeavoring to steer the canoe to a
given place where the windfall was just high
enough to get under. Orders were not dis-
obeyed. Down we went and all got a good
scraping by some limber limbs. Up again.
Pull to your right Sergeant. Over that one.
Now to the left. Over the next one. Straight
ahead. Under the next. That’s ‘all right,
but what the hell, here is one that don’t go
over, nor under. *” ‘The chef was still lying
on his back in the canoe. “Leap back,
Sergeant, we will ride her,’ were the next

j ~ Oy Ropes ris eet ve “*
coat i Ms ea Ca

1126

orders. I felt proud of the Sergeant. I had

never in my life before met a man that obeyed
orders so readily. There was no, ““Why?,
What? or Where?” He saw the danger as
readily as I did and the way out of it. Like
a kitten he was back in the stern with me, and
the canoe at a standstill seesawed on top of
the tree. We jumped ahead; that brought
the hindpart of the canoe out of the water and
we stood on each side of her on the tree. The
chef had his seesaw while we were consulting
on the next move. To cut the story short I
went dangling down the creek alone.

Next for the Opow Rapids at the head of
which stand the prettiest island of the run
_ called Sophie Island. It has towers of rock,
caves and beauty spots of evergreens. It is
the home of the angels, Indian good spirits.
The Opow carries the roughest water of any
of the following rapids but is only a short run
and rough water can be avoided by following
the right channel. The LaBonne is the long-
est rapid on the river—a sheet of solid rough
water for about two miles. There is where
we had ourfun. There is where I said, ‘““God
Bless You’’, for the first time in my life, to the
Sergeant and there is where I felt thankful
for having a two-hundred-pound-chef as a
ballast in the bottom of the canoe, which was
an 18 foot Chestnut as good as new, but for a
little crack in the keel, caused by seesawing
on that famous log. I had never run the
LaBonne Rapid in high water and through my
own carelessness missed the right channel and
again had to make the best of it. The
Sergeant was seated on the mast cross-bar,
taking my somewhat harsh orders to pull to
the right or left, ahead or backwater to avoid
being smashed up on the innumerable bould-
ers which the angry water madly beat over.
There was no avoiding taking water and the
chef got the worst ot it, but like a man, with-
out a murmur he lay there. When halfway
through the rapid I suggested pulling to shore
which was close at hand. The chef thought
we had better or our ballast would float over-
board» There is where we tried the strength
of our Chestnut. The boulders although
smooth and worn scratched and tore the canoe
but the keep again saved her. We managed
to land without an upset and placed our bed-
dingfashore to drain. Our Grub-box for-
tunately was water proof. We used our pots
for baling and after getting the weight of the
water out pulled the canoe ashore for exam-
ination. Finding no serious damage we
launched her again and put our ballast in
place. I remarked,
come’”’ there was not a murmur but a serious

“The worst is yet to-

look and a cold smile from the chef, and we
proceeded. I was joking, but the joke turned —
out to be a pretty serious one. Ahead of us
was a roar of water. I stood up for observa-
tion and saw a drop ahead of us which after-
wards proved to be about twenty feet. Out
further away from shore was a shoot but in
front of it a big wave rose high enough to bury
us all. The big wave broke back on itself
making it worse but to plunge through that
was our only salvation. Still standing up I
yelled to the Sergeant to pull for the centre
of the big wave.‘‘If we don’t make it we will
all go to—well.”” We pulled for every pound
that wasin us. I could not see the Sergeant's
face but his every action showed he was de-'
termined. “If a paddle breaks, we are gone.
If we don’t make the big wave we are gone.
At that our chances are none too good.”
These thoughts were flashing through my
brain and we were almost on the brow of the
falls on the inside of the shoots when the water
seemed to assist us and drew us into the shoots.
I was delighted. ‘Now for the big wave.
The Sergeant is going to get the worst of that
one,” I soliloquized. It was up to me now to
hold the canoe straight on. Broadside meant
a swamp or even a quarter. The canoe
seemed bent on quartering. Using the
paddle as a sweep I managed to head on just
as we reached the wave. I looked at the
ballast.He made not a murmur but gazed
fixedly ahead. I looked at the Sergeant. He
was bending forward like a ram ready to butt,
with the paddle aloft, prepared for the next
command. I yelled, “‘Paddlel’? His paddle
was in the water at once and with three
strokes we struck the wave and there the
Sergeant acted without orders. Lifting his
paddle high in the air with one hand he
grabbed the bridle of the canoe with the other
(a little cross-bar in the very bow of the
canoe). I saw his wise act. Like chain
lightning he braced himself, bent forward and
the wave broke about his body. The canoe
rose, his paddle was in the water again. The
act of the Sergeant saved the canoe from ~
filling and we all cheered as we shot through
the wave. The boat channel was a little to —
the right and with the assistance of the chef,
who paddled like a hero, we reached it and 4
were soon into calm, peaceful, silent water.
We were now approaching the Cascade
which was the last but when these rapids were
reached we decided to portage. It was a
drier proceeding and we had had quite enough
of daring. The rest of the journey was
pleasant and from that day I have swore of
being reckless, and am now areformed can

:
:

|

|
|
.

HE recent statements as to the in-

creased cost of leathers and the high cost

of shoes and the fact that the market has
been in such a low condition have led the
Bureau of Fisheries at Washington to make
experiments with shark skins and whale
skins with a view to their use for shoes
and other articles where leather is used.
Fine leathers have been made from the
skins of practically all the aquatic mammals
and of some of the fishes; the sea lion, beluga
or white whale, alligator, seal, porpoise, sea
elephant, manatee or dugong, water moccasin,
frog, otter, beaver tail, muskrat, and a
variety of fishes.

In the tanning of aquatic skins the pre-
paration of certain skins in imitation of
others is by no means a difficult process.
In many cases the hides of the walrus, sea
lion and other animals have been so damaged
by their fighting among themselves and from
other causes that, while the raw pelts may be
abundant and cheap enough, it is difficult to
secure them sufficiently free from defect to per-
mit of their use as fancy leathers with econ-
omy. For this reason seal skins, which are
comparatively free from any of these ob-
jections, are generally used to imitate those
leathers, the process being so modified as to
develop the peculiar grain desired. On the
other hand, seal skin is imitated, the skins of
goats and calves being used for the purpose.

When carefully prepared, seal leather
has a greater strength and durability in

_ proportion to its weight than almost any
other on the market, and on account of its
choice and attractive grain is in demand for
such articles as card cases, pocketbooks,
shopping bags, etc.

The skin of the sea lion was formerly con-
sidered unfit for tanning purposes, owing to

its thickness and coarse texture, the only
use being to put it through the oil rendering

- hide is worth as much as the oil, if not more.
The thick hides of the old animals are usually
used as a substitute for walrus hide in pol-
ishing wheels for metal workers, and while

_ inferior to walrus polishing wheels, are prized

_ by silversmiths for small work.

Leather made from walrus skins was

formerly used for the rigging of vessels,

and was also employed to protect the rig-

ging from chafing. Later it came into use

LEATHER FROM MARINE”
MAMMALS a

process, rarely saving the skin, but now the ~

ee S

by the silversmiths and manufacturers of

bright metal objects for removing marks
and scratches and to polish fine metal sur-—

faces. The hide is particularly desirable a
for this purpose owing to the peculiar grain, —

which is very tough. Another peculiar use
to which walrus hide is placed is as a covering
for the rollers used in ginning long staple
cotton. The tamed hide is cut into thin
strips and attached to the surface of the roller
and covers the portion that comes into con-
tact with the cotton.

Walrus Hide.

Formerly walrus hide was not used for
fancy articles, but of recent years the hides
are split and so tanned that the grain has an
unusually smooth, velvety appearance, and it
has come into use for such articles as card
cases, belts and the like.

The skin of the manatee or dugong. pro-
duces the most characteristic grain of all
the marine leathers, as it consists of closely
associated and irregular rows of well-de-
veloped ridges, with peculiar indentations or
pin marks surrounded by a circular ridge, the
locations ef the hair follicles. This leather
is difficult to imitate, and only a small quan-
tity of it is received.

The porpoise probably furnishes less
leather for commercial use than any other
aquatic animal. This is owing to the fact
that the skin is seldom free from the marks of
sharks’ teeth. For the manufacture of small
articles there is nothing that can compare
with it in the way of wear, tractility, strength
and suppleness. A piece of porpoise leather
a foot square can be easily drawn out to a
foot and a third in length, a feature that few
other leathers possess. This makes it es-
pecially good for shoemaking, for in whatever
direction the foot is thrust by the weight of the
body the leather adapts itself to that shape.
Being accordingly durable, it will outlast
two or three calf leather soles. Another
recommendation apparent when it becomes
soft is the manner in which it absorbs water
but allows no moisture to penetrate it. Many
shoestrings are made from porpoise leather,
but it does not begin to compare with a string
made from the beluga or white whale skin.
Comparing the porpoise string with one made
from beluga, it has been found that the
beluga string will sustain a weight of about

1127

1128

300 pounds, whereas one made from porpoise
would only sustain a weight of about 90
pounds.

Beluga Leather.

Because, of its great tensile strength
beluga leather is well adapted to the manu-
facture of machinery belts, as pieces of this
leather have been cut from a single skin
measuring sixty feet long and fifteen inches
wide.

Alligator skins have been utilized for
leather making for many years, and the
demand sometimes far exceeds the supply.
There are several varieties of alligator
skins on the market, yet each differs from the
others in certain well defined characteristics,
and it is owing to these differences that each
variety has its own special use. The skins
are used for a variety of purposes, and at one
time were largely used in the making of shoes.

The skins of sharks, rays and dogfish are
very rough and studded with horny tuber-
culous markings or pro-tuberances, which
are so firmly fixed to the skin that they are
not easily separated therefrom. They take,
however, a polish almost equal to stone.
Formerly large quantities of shark skins were
used for polishing wood, ivory and other
materials for which they are excellent owing
to their roughness, hardness and durability.....
The skin of the diamond shark is also used
to cover the sword grips of army sabres, and
for this purpose is not surpassed by any
material obtainable.

Sturgeon skin is used quite extensively
both in a commercial way, and for orna-
mental purpose. Some of the skins are
very attractive, especially those found on
the European coasts, which are distinguished
by rows of small but very horny bosses
between which are numerous horny pro-
tuberances varying in form from a mere dot to
beautiful irregular shaped bosses nearly half
an inch in length. These skins are very oily,

WHALE HUNTING

O* all the stories associated with the sea

few are more fascinating than that of

whale-hunting. Describing in the Em-
pire Review whale hunting in the North
Atlantic, Ford Fairford says: The steamers
usually set out at the dawn of day, when the
whales visit the surtace to “‘blow.’’ The ves-
sels are about 100 tons and can command a
speed of 12 knots an hour. They are equip-
ped with the modern harpoon. an instrument

after which he is pumped buoyant; that » is,

ah Res a
however, uh half a ‘ill of oil me
moved from the cavity beneath —

several of the bosses. i

Pat
: er :
Tails of Beavers. healt.
The tails of beavers make a leather seen _
occasionally on the market. This is a most _
curiously marked leather, being covered ia
with .unimbricated scale-like bosses of irre- 4
gular outline. Each of the bosses is about
a third of an inch in length. Very little of
this leather is found on the market. Itis
used for the purpose of covering small jewelry
boxes and the like.
Water snake skins are tanned and used
to some extent also, but the demand for
them is not large. They are used more
for the novelty of the thing and not for
their wearing qualities.
Garfish or armored fish and frogs are
used to a-limited extent for leather pur-
poses. Frog skin is thin and very pliable
and possesses a delicate but not an especially
attractive grain.
Certain varieties of fish furnish good
leather. At Gloucester, Mass., shoes
gloves have been made from the iat
codfish “and of cusk, while in Egypt fish
skins are used for shoe soles. In Russia and
Siberia the women trim their dresses with
the skins of the turbot. These skins are also
largely used in Europe for binding books and
in the making of whips. In the far north the
skins of salmon, cod and other fish are utilized
for making various garments. The skins are
taken from the fish in blanket form and the
scales carefully removed. They are then
dried and afterward worked with a scraper ;
until they are pliable. When finished this —
membrane resembles closely kidskin in ap-
pearance and finish, being very soft as well, |
and is almost as tough as parchment. They :
are then dyed and sewn together with fine —
thread, generally made from fish. skin. ;

.

chunked of two bolts of iron four feet love y
armed with movable barbs. This is fired —
from a gun at the bow of the vessel, and the 4 <4
explosive bomb never fails to accomplish its —
mission in two seconds after being fired. The
cable attached to the harpoon and the ship
holds the whale securely until he is played out,

filled with hot air from a pipe at the boi
and then he is left upon the suriacer of

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

‘CANADIAN GOVERNMENT RYS.

NewPublications

Describing New Territories in

NEW ONTARIO
AND QUEBEC

Are Now Being Prepared for

1917 TOURIST BUSINESS

Mail your address to:-
General Passenger Agent,
Canadian Government Railways,
Moncton, N. B.
Who will send you in the Spring the
latest booklets relating to Sport, Sea-
Side resorts and the possibilities for
summer enjoyment in

NOVA SCOTIA, NEW BRUNSWICK, PRINCE
| EDWARD ISLAND, QUEBEC, NEW ONTARIO

1130

water until the termination of the day’s hunt,
when he is towed to the flensing slips of one of
the various factories along the coast.

The sperm whales are the most coveted,
but they are not so numerous as the other
varieties in the North Atlantic. The length
of the sperm is about 75 feet, his weight 90
tons, and he yields something like 25 tons of
oil. He is not difficult to kill, swims low, and
is distinguishable by his double blow hole.
The hunters generally ‘fish’ them in a
three-mile circle, and if once they can be con-
fined to that area the killing of them presents
no difficulty. They are caught between
June and September in the vicinity oi the
Funk Islands, the home of halibut, the sperm
whale’s favorite dish. As many as nine hali-
but have been taken out of the body of a dead
sperm. They are also extremely fond of
sharks. Only a short time ago a sperm whale
was captured near the Funks, which yielded
from its head alone 98 4 casks of oil containing
46 gallons each, held in its stomach a shark
9 feet long, three large halibut and 50 codfish
of various sizes.

The blue or sulphur whales are the first
of the various species to show themselves
early in the spring. They are probably the
least pugnacious, and consequently easy to
kill. <A peculiarity of the sulphur whale is its
enormous appetite. Its favorite food is
the grill, a very small fish called the ‘“‘minia-
ture sea-urchin.”” When these whales have
taken in their fish, they come to the surface
to blow out the water and swallow the meal at
leisure. A good sulphur will measure 90 feet
in length. The most valuable part is the
blubber, which is taken off in strips like slices
of bacon, dropped into a boiler and rendered
into oil. The meat is cut up and boiled into
a tertilizer.

A third variety is the hump-back. The
habits of the hump-back are similar to those
of the sulphur, except that it exhibits a pas-
sionate fondness for herring and white fish.
The whalers will tell you that an interesting
trait oi the hump-back is his apparent grief
at the loss of his female companion—if a
“cow” is taken the ‘“‘bull’” has no desire to

eyes

live, and will oon deliberately seek ¢
the hands of his pursuers. 4
The fourth variety found in the North ae
Atlantic is the fin-back. As many as three |
hundred and fifty have been caught in one ~
season. One fin-back will yield as many as
thirty casks of oil.
The procreative processes of whales are
extremely interesting. A ‘cow’ usually
carries her young nine months before it is
emitted to the water. When born it is from
eighteen to twenty feet long. Usually a
“cow” bears one child at a time, rarely does
she give birth to twins.
Some whales are great fighters, and few
sights are more enthralling than a battle
between :a valiant fighter and the deadly
harpoon. The moment he is struck he
plunges below the surface, where he often
remains for 20 minutes before reappearing.
When he reappears he blows out a great stream
of blood that makes the surrounding water a
veritable battlefield. The fight may be pro=/
longed for a considerable time, according to
the vulnerability or otherwise of the spot
where the bomb has exploded.
As soon as the whale have been towed
from the slaughterhouse to the flensing slip
(a sloping wharf along which the body of the
whale is dragged by heavy chains and a wind-
lass into the factory) the operation of cutting
up takes place immediately. The flensers
take their long knives and remove the outer
coat of blubber from, 18 inches to two feet
wide. Great joints of meat are passed through
a machine that cuts them into thin slices.
The next phase is the extraction of the oil by
means of heated vats. When the oil has been
drawn off, the remains are manufactured into
a fertilizer for use in the cotton plantations
of the Southern States of America. The
teeth of the whale are cleaned, dried in the
sun, and prepared for the markets of the
United Kingdom and the United States.
The teeth are the celebrated whalebone for
which it is never difficult to procure a ready ©
market. The flesh of the whale is not con-
sidered edible by white people, but the Asia-
tics look upon a slice of the whale’s tail as a —
coveted delicacy.

ROD_AND GUN IN'CANADA 1131

Spring Fishing
inthe Highlands
of Ontario

MUSKOKA LAKES—Black Bass, Pickerel, Salmon Trout.
KAWARTHA LAKES—Speckled Trout, Black Bass, Maskinonge.

ee OF BAYS—Speckled Trout, Salmon Trout and Black
ass.

7 ecto at PARK—Speckled Trout, Black Bass and Salmon
rout.

TIMAGAMI—Black Bass, Lake Trout, Speckled Trout.
LAKE NIPISSING—Black Bass, Maskinonge, Pickerel, Pike.

GEORGIAN BAY—Black Bass, Salmon Trout, Lake Trout,
Pickerel

OPEN SEASONS

Black Bass, June 16th to December 3lst.

Speckled Trout, May ist to September 14th.
Salmon Trout and Lake Trout—November 6th to
October 4th, following year.

Maskinonge—June 16th to December 3lst.
Pickerel— May 16th to April 14th, the following year.

Full particulars, fishing regulations and illustrated folders®free
on application to C. E. Horning, Union Station, Toronto, and
J.,Quinlan,;Bonaventure Station, Montreal.

G. T. BELL, W. S. COOKSON,™ 2
Passenger Traffic Manager. General Passenger Agent. NE Sa
Montreal, Quebec. Montreal, Quebec. ONTARIO LAKE TR

The Craft
For You

Isa
Chestnut Canoe

A man who had to subject his Chestnut Canoe to unreasonably hard
usage last year, writes us a very complimentary letter, concluding “Your
Canoes are in a class alone.”

There are many reasons for his verdict; long years of experience, our choice of the best
cedar in the world, our canvas covering filled with the secret composition that defies wear,
heat, cold and water, the close attention we pay to little details, the all-round excellence
that wins Chestnut Canoes so many medals and diplomas wherever exhibited.

Booklet _‘llustration shows the winning pair in a Chestnut Cruiser at a regatta,
Georgetown Harbor, P.E.I. Post Card brings free booklet describing our
Free many models.

Chestnut Canoe Co., Limited, Box 445, Fredericton, N.B_

=

FEDS

gis

wees ot
— ",

~~

eS
a

“aor

ae,

sontributors.

RAMBLINGS OF A RIFLEMAN

LiEuT. TOWNSEND WHELEN

Holding and Sqeezing the Trigger.
HEN a novice first assays to shoot a
rifle he finds he is in hot water nght
away. The rifle wabbles and trembles

so much that he cannot, to save his hfe,

_ prevent the sights performing gyrations all

over the landscape. If, at tirst, he is lucky
enough to be able to hold it on the target
the chances are that when he comes to pull

' the trigger he gives it such a jerk that the

bullet flies very wild. Good shooting de-
pends on ability to hold steadily and to con-
trol the trigger more than on anything else,
and many there are who never learn to do
these simple things correctly. Like every-
thing else it takes a little applied brains and
practice. I am going to give you the simple
theory here, and you have got to supply.the
practice.

First as to holding. You have oi course

noticed that whenever you come to perfoym

an unusual act requiring even a slight amount
of muscular exertion you are liable to fuss,
tremble, and sweat. You use iorce far
in excess of that required. As you become
used to the motion you learn the knack of
doing it and it becomes extremely simple
and easy. Suppose you are required to
stand absolutely still, say to have your
photograph taken. You can do it if you

1132

EE DITED BY A.B.GEIKIE

1 ash & Readers are invited to contribute to this =
3 ag —— notes, comments and en- jl
en ee es
—— Nes oust PEE |
sible for opinions B sre
D corr s. Address all : 1
: Woodstock, Ontario efi
fo =) or=

The Publishers of Rod and Gun Magazine Invite readers of the magazine to contri-
bute articles and letters to Mr. Geikie’s department on matters pertaining to
ammunition, but do not necessarily endorse the opinions expressed therein

bee =
ee

~—_ = ke .0
————

uns and
y these

+

are not in a strained position. You can

stand evenly on both feet, body well balanced,
and remain practically immovable for quite
a time. But try leaning way forward or
way back and you will tremble and shake.
So it is in holding the riffe. First you must
get a position in which the body is not under
strain, and then you must practice this posi-
tion until it seems natural to you, until you
are perfectly comfortable when you assume it.

In shooting in the standing position do
not lean forward or back. With the rifle
at the side, stand with feet slightly apart,
and body well balanced. You can stand
very steady. Now as you put your nile
to your shoulder preserve this balance by
leaning just enough back (several inches)
to overcome the forward pull of the nifle.
Don’t lean way back as some do, nor way
forward. Many lean way forward to push
against the recoil of the rifle. That is a
good way to get the full force of the recoil.
Instead, try balancing yourself evenly, and
when the recoil comes let the whole body
sway back with it, thus the recoil will be
taken up in making you sway, and your
shoulder will not feel it. Use your left
arm and hand to steady the rifle, not to hold ~
itup. It is hard to hold it up way out where —
you place your left hand, and the strain will —

-““

For Every Kind
Of Shooting—

whether it be moose, bear, rabbits, ducks,
partridge—at the Traps or on the target
range—the selection of the proper Shot
Shell or Cartridge for each purpose goes
a long way toward producing the best results.

Dominion

Shot Shells
and Metallics

are made in sizes that operate

perfectly in all popular makes :

of shot guns and rifles. The Dominion
exact proportion of powder and

shot in Dominion loading gives the Hand Trap
Shooter Ammunition that hits hard and

stops what it hits. The big ‘‘D” trade his handy little contrivance

* * db t of the uip-
mark on a box of cartridges is your should be pe caaasel
guarantee of accurate, speedy, well It throws a clay" target as well

i iti as the regulation trap an
balanced, Canadian Ammunition. ents operate ie ef ‘s
i i i light, compact and may be
tides ve pee yh ou ee ony carsiod in a suit case. It will ©
mmunivon Mace Mm Vanada. turn dull hours into live ones
and help to improve your
aim. Send for circular. Price

Dominion CartridgeCo.,
Limited

~ 836 Transportation Building,
Montreal

SI ith arnt
1134 ROD AND GUN IN CANAD. |
f eA \
Wry ae AF
cause a tremble. Let the right hand do what it should be like, when shooting off:

more than half the work of holding the rifle
up and pressing it against the shoulder. Here

THE STANDING POSITION,. the most important
one for the hunter, add the hardest to learn. The right
hand should do over half the work of holding the rifle
up and against the shoulder. The left hand simply dir-
ects and steadies the rifle. When you work the lever or
bolt in rapid fire keep the rifle at the shoulder, pulling
it back hard against the shoulder with the left hand
while the right operates the action.

is-where a good pistol grip comes in. It helps
one to hold the rifle up and against the shoul-
der with the right hand. Then the left hand
way out from the shoulder, simply steadies
and directs the rifle. Don’t forget too, that
you have another part of the body to help
you a lot in holding steadily. This is the
cheek. Press the cheek hard against the
stock. A properly shaped cheek piece helps
to do this. Press it rather hard so that it
offers some support and also so that the whole
head will come back with the rifle when it
recoils and the stock will not strike you in
the nose. Keep the thumb of the right hand
on the right ot the stock and there will be
no danger of that striking you in the nose
either. Practice holding on a spot on the
wall of your room. Practice it until you
can hold steadily on that spot. You never
will be able to hold absolutely steady. Your
sights will wabble and wander over a certain
portion of the target. Gradually you will
be able to control this wabble to some extent,
to reduce the extent of it. To show you

hand at the 200 yard target my sights seem
to wabble all over a spot about a foot in
diameter with the bullseye in the center of
it. I take a deep breath, letting the air out
of my lungs until about normal, then, hold-
ing my breath try to hold steadier. Now
I am able to control that wabble a little
more and to make the extent of it slightly
less. By this time I have my trigger squeezed
down to the last ounce, and as the sights
slowly wabble or drift under the bull I try
to squeeze on that last ounce which dis-
charges the rifle. Sometimes I succeed,
and sometimes I don’t. What I want to
impress upon my readers is that it requires
a nice co-ordination of muscle and brain to
do it nearly right every time, and that this
can come only from brains and practice, brains
that give one a position in which one will
ultimately be able to hold steady, and prac-
tice which will enable one to attain this
ultimate end.

It is of no use to hold steadily if, at the
instant that the hold is perfect the whole

THE KNEELING POSITION. Contrary to opinion
one of the worst positions because it is so hard to keep
the body from swaying from side to side. Mosttatmen
however find it very steady. Sit on the right heel and
always rest the left elbow on the point of the left knee — },
cap. ! ‘

af
thing is destroyed by a convulsive movement
of the trigger finger. One must learn to
control the trigger, must learn to squee
on it until it takes but an ounce or mor

MY, ; a —— — ae 2 —— \ .
peetiess.>, Om \-cossusisbitisisenrsstssssss. -~cceiseenesasssess;\°

(ea

asce
a8

—I

‘The Ross Was the Whole Show”

AVE Enclosing a photo of two bull Elk shot with his Ross
m\eii .280, Mr. Ralph Edmunds, of Idaho Falls, writes as
Hale} = follows: |

“* |. . This last hunt, the Ross, (.280 High Velocity) was
the whole show, although there were five other rifles along
and they fired twenty shots to the Ross’ one, and yet out
of fourteen elk killed the Ross got eleven.

«« ._ . . This gun does what I have read that other guns
would do, but they all failed in the test until I bought
this gun of yours. No more misses’ within shooting dis-
tance—-no more long tramps after wounded animals. .. .
when that Ross bullet struck them they crumpled up like
a house of cards... after it happened eleven times [
knew it was not by accident they were killed so dead. .. .”

We are receiving similar praise from all over the world
from satisfied users of the Ross .280 Sporting Rifles and | ESy7#
the Ross Sporting Ammunition with hollow point bullet. | Ey/fs

For target practice or small game shooting use the
Ross .22 Cadet Rifie, the official arm for Can-
HIE adian Cadet Corps. Equipped with adjustable
Sef /isss peep sight, reliable ejector, and straight pull bolt
HL action. - -_ Illustrated catalogue on request.

Ross Rifle Co.

SeGeuectereuce
Chor Ty

=mesenee

ae | g Tes

Ba Vc eR a et
661 11136

athe spaanlae d it off, and then to squeeze

his ounce when the sights look just right.
It is easy to learn to squeeze the trigger
nght,.but it is har@™to learn to squeeze it
right at just the right minute. A good trigger
pull helps a lot. Good trigger pulls are

OF

= scarce, Bereselly. on; a PS arms.. “De-
cidédly the best;kind ‘of a trigger pull; is, one
_ where the trigger’and sear are inone*piece

that on the Model -1886.-Winchester. - Only
such a trigger should be light. The Win-

peater, "to about’ 3 pounds. ’* ‘Bélow this one

-” worked fast.

the finest pull’ ¥ have ever fingered. Some
t other repeating rifles-have a long lever be-
.. tween {hectfigger! 4nd Sear and it 4s almest
- impossible to eliminate a disagreeable creep.
_ A trigger which creeps, jumps a little way,
you all the time » You. often fii daye im
. flmchng, that) is") ay con yulst
_ to the trigger dist ener ‘you, “ought” Le F “to.

i ~The trigger_on : ‘an-autoniatic™

_. THE SITTING POSITION!» A fine steady position’ where the ground permits and you have time.
sya of shooting down hill. ote elbows must rege, on n the knees and the feet must be placed where they must not slip.

and where there-is absolutely no movement “it * moves back about’'a’ tenth oi

to the trigger ‘until the rifle goes. off, like

chester javerages, about, 7 potunds;as; itt comes;
irom the,factony, <A skilled , gunsmith can
reduce this j in the case of the Winchester re

_ cannot go with the repeater as the hammer _
brite will not stand’ ‘cocked swhen - ‘the ‘action’ ie
“The W inchester. ‘single - shot ~,
» also has a fine. ‘tigger’ ‘pull’ Very. like: this;
and I reduce mine to Bee ‘pounds, ‘making yi

slides; etc; is~an— abominatron-—t—wernes— -worked fast. and hard, to-about 3 - -poun

sbe“coarse eye.

howe ee AEA AI NL AAI FSA

make it surely stay cocked when te action —
is slammed upon and shut by the r coll.
Beware of these things when choosing’ a
rifle. To one who can shoot the most im-
portant thing about a rifle next to its accur-

The best

t iit

acy. is. its ages pull Bolt action rifles
must have ja safety ; pull before™the regular
wpull.. That»is when you press on the trigger
an inch

‘against’ a, ‘pull, of about’ 2 pounds. Then,
haying taken, up the safety creep the trigger
should act like any other, that is it should
go off, clean and, sweet,, like the breaking of
a small. glass. Tods, after: about, to.34 pounds
ressure, “has been placed it.) ae
Hot like! the “bold Adtion fee | one can
get used. to it in a little Uh and do almost
as ‘good Work! with it’ as with a perfect trigger
like’ ‘that ‘which “a good” “gunsmith can put
on’ ‘a* Winchester ‘single Shot rifle. ' le
“Suppose - you are “usitig a regular Win= n=
“¢hester repeater with °hammer, and you
have_previoysly, sent it to a gunsmith and
inGpragted: hi ull as light

Loydaseaup thepe
as it can be made, and still h have the hamm
surely stay at full cock when the acti

~ without the slightest™ ‘suspicion | of cre
~ movement, Now you must become usec
‘that trigger-before you can. hope to ge

Automatics, too: shave thes eid, of & Rndger off just as your ‘sights drift-under the ‘bulls

just a piece. off a rubber i er

A eae ee EN

At this end of the shell
is the name of the pow-
der. Ask for and look for

INFALLIBLE

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

HERCULES

Smokeless Shotgun

DERS

Know Your

Shotgun Shells

OU can’t know too much about the |

shells you shoot. The information

you should have is easy to obtain for
it is told on the shell itself. The two
ends give the story.

On the base you will of course find the
name of the maker and the loader of the
shell, and the gauge. At the other end,
on the top wad, are printed the size and
quantity of shot, the quantity of powderand,
last but not least— the name of the powder.

Hercules Infallible Smokeless Shot-
gun Powder may be obtained in any
standard make of shell. Undoubt-
edly the name of the maker of your
favorite shell is given in the column
to the right.

The next time you order shotgun shells it
will pay a to see that they are loaded
with Infallible Powder. By so doing you
will obtain a powder of the highest quality
and of uniform _ igs powder that
gives unusually light recoil, high velocity,
and even patterns. You will find the name
of the powder stenciled on the outside of
the box, as well as on the top wad.

For a booklet on ammunition, of interest
to any sportsman, address

HERCULES POWDER.CO.

1087 Market Street
a &\

Wilmington Delaware

On this end is the name
of the maker. Hercules
Smokeless Shotgun
Powders may be ob-
tained in shells made by
the following:

PETERS

REMINGTON
SELBY
U.S.
WESTERN

WINCHESTER

1133

and place it under the hammer and between
the hammer and the bolt for the hammer to
strike on when you snap the trigger. This
saves the rifle when you continually snap
the trigger. Now cock the hammer and
start to squeeze the trigger. Use the first

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

under the bullseye. How often have I sat
alongside a recruit on the rifle range and made
him put his whole will power on doing this.
“Hold it steady!’ “Hold steady!’ “Just be-
low the bull!”
with the trigger!”

“Hold it steady!” “Easy
“Easy with the trigger!’

THE STANDARD MILITARY PRONE POSITION, using the Whelen gunsling. This is the steadiest pos-
ition of all. Youcan hold like arock. It will be dealt with in detail in these ‘““Ramblings” as it deserves a special

article to itself.

joint of your index finger, as it is the best
educated and most delicate part of your
whole body. Slowly press on the trigger,
ounce by ounce, grain by grain, until the
hammer falls on the rubber. Try it again
and again until you know just how much
pressure it takes to send it off. Ten min-
utes’ practice a day should so perfect you
in a week that you can put all but the last
half ounce of pressure on the trigger at will
without having the hammer fall. Now this
is the way you want to hold that trigger when
your sights look as though they were going
to be aligned just about right in an instant
or two. And just as your sights get right
learn to squeeze on that last half ounce by
pressure of the"tip of the index finger alone,
and without moving the hand a particle.
Then the gun goes off without any disturb-
ance of the aim, and if it is sighted correctly,
it will hit where the sights were aligned.
Co-ordination is everything. One must
concentrate absolutely all of one’s thought,
attention, and will power on holding steadily,
squeezing the trigger down to the very last
ounce, and then squeezing that last ounce on
carefully and easily just as the sights drift

“Easy with the trigger!” “Private
Brown a five!”

This is the way one has to learn. It is
the AB C in rifle shooting. One has to be
perfect in it before one can progress further.
After this come many other things before
one can be considered a finished rifle shot,
Under the heading of this ramble we will
discuss but one—rapid fire. It is quite
obvious to the old hunter that when the
buck is on the jump there is no time to wait
until the sights are wabbling slow behind
his shoulder, nor. to put the pressure on
the trigger ounce by ounce. If you keep
always at the A BC given above you, may
become a fine slow fire target shot but you
will never be a good game shot. But also
it may be said that if you do not become
fairly proficient in the ABC neither will
you become a good game shot. You must
learn rapid fire, not necessarily the shooting
of a number of shots rapidly, but to get off
a single aimed shot with great rapidity and
have it hit true. Now from the word Go!
we have three seconds in which to fire on that
bullseye. We have edueated our trigger
finger so that as we put the rifle to our shoul—

Bang!

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 1139

The Gun That THE L. C. SMITH
Never Shoots TRAP GUN

Loose
With 2 Triggers - - $56.50

American Made by American With Automatic Ejector - - - $67.50
Workmen. With Automatic Ejectorand tinted! One Trigger $87.50

We Make Guns From $25.00 to $1000.00.

ASK FOR OUR ART CATALOG —

The Hunter Arms Co., Inc. 29 Hubbard St. Fulton, N. Y.

The Most Discriminating Gun Users In
America Shoot Guns Made by
PARKER BROTHERS,

Meriden, Conn., U.S.A.

MAKERS OF
GUNS THAT
SATISFY.

Send For Catalogue.

eee

PARKER BROS., Meriden, Conn.

N. Y. Salesrooms, 32 Warren St., New York City
A. W. du Bray, Resident Agent, P.O. Box 102, San Francisco, Cal j

,

3

Zh.
<7

i

be

1140

der we can take up instinctively all but the
last ounce of pull. We have practiced throw-
ing the rifle to the shoulder until the sights

come pretty close to the mark without any

further movement of the rifle. The word comes
Go! We throw the rifle to the shoulder
and we grasp with the right hand and the
trigger finger puts on just the right pressure
all in one instant. A glance through the
sights shows us that we are a little below
and to one side of the bullseye. Quickly,
surely, and evenly we raise and move the
rifle until the front sight strikes the lower
edge of the bull just a bare instant before it
does this we start the squeeze of that last
ounce. The rifle goes off just as the sights
are right. It’s exactly the same on a buck
as it is on a target. You squeeze on that
last ounce just as your sights move on to
the center of the shoulder, or if the deer is run-
ning, just as they touch the point of the chest.

Practice, practice, practice. It is not ne-
cessary to do much shooting to keep in prac-
ice. You can do it in a hall bed room.
What you want is a proper target to snap
at. Say something which approximates the
appearance of a deer at 100 yards in its na-
tive haunts. A deer stands, let us say, 3
feet high. Say it is five yards across your
room. To make your deer target look like
the real deer would at 100 yards it must be
5-100 as large as the real deer, say 1.8 inches

DEER ON VANCOUVER ISLAND
E. J. NILRAH

AM a subscriber to your magazine and

in my opinion there is none better.

On Vancouver Island where I live we have
plenty of game, especially deer and bear.
The deer, however, I regret to say, are de-
creasing rapidly and as I am a pretty close
observer I think I have found the cause,

or several causes, I should say, for this de-
crease.

For one thing I think the season
on deer is too long—from the 15th of Sep-
tember to the 15th of December. In my

opinion the season should not remain open

after the 20th of November, as the deer have
been running for a long time then and are in
poor condition and not worth killing. It 1s
then nevertheless that most of them are
killed because they are so easy to get. The
snow driving them off the mountains they

are obliged to come down into the side hills

and a man does not have to be a hunter to
get them under these circumstances and as
a result they are exterminated.

deer or other animal in its native haunts with
the image about 1%4 inches high. Cut this
picture out and paste it in a well lighted
place near your window. Now once a day
take your rifle and snap a dozen shots at 1t.
Stand with your back to the target, whirl
around, and try to fire within three seconds,
having your sights well on the shoulder of
the deer when the hammer falls. Try it
with the feet in various positions, try it
with the target slightly to the right of you
as well as to the left, and keep at it until
you get the co-ordination and the knack of
hitting game quickly. This is all that can
be told on paper. The rest of it, and there
is a whole lot to it, must come in the school
of experience. Snapping practice is like
calisthenics, it is necessary for the beginner
to get his flabby muscles accustomed to work
gradually, and it’s necessary for the trained
athlete to limber him up in the morning. -
Target shooting is like golf, it’s a lady-like
game but it serves to keep one in condition.
But big game shooting, when your heart is
going like a trip hammer after a few thousand
feet of climbing, or a long run, when the
thermometer is down below freezing, when
your footing is insecure, and the game on
the jump, is like heavy gymnastics, it’s a
man’s game.

I have known of parties coming from Vic-
toria and other places that have come up
here several times in one season and shot their
limit each time. Some will get more than
that and then throw the rest away. I was
out trolling for trout a year ago last spring
in the neighborhood of a cabin on the lake
that is used by hunters during the deer sea-
son, and I found two deer in the water, one
a big doe, in the creek running past the cabin,
and a small one in the lake. I thought at
first they had got there by accident but found
upon investigation that they were dressed.

Another thing that is sorely needed is’a
“buck law.’’ It would surprise people to
know how many fawns are shot in mistake
for does. The game warden has too big a
territory to watch so he is seldom seenand ~~
the hunters have not much to fear. Ifthings —
continue the way they are now we will have —
no deer at all in ten years from now. r

pecs

RENE ieiginl piel a 5s B

\

Savage

For Sureness!

Savage ability to produce a product
of high merit has not been a thing of \S°™™bicww0 bs "@
mushroom growth. The careful and painstaking de-
signing of its several products to meet each new
conclusion of its experimental laboratories is never
hurried or hastily decided. The entire organization
must be a unit in favor of each detail. That’s why the

SAVAGE

AUTOMATIC PISTOL

Has incorporated within it every improve- The Savage dealer in your vicinity is
ment, every outstanding feature that modern) a _man who knows guns. Talk it over
methods and years of “know how” bring to with him—or send to us for full details
efficient manufacture. and prices.

SAVAGE ARMS COMPANY
931 Savage Avenue, UTICA, NEW YORK.

Makers of the famous Lewis Automatic Machine Gun and
of military, high power and small calibre sporting rifles.

Well, who doesn’t? When you come to
Toronto stop at a house whose diningroom
service is famous from coast to coast for
good eating, quick, courteous service and
reasonable prices. Our diningroom is our
hobby as well as an important part of our
business. We have a prideinit and our
constant effort is to keep on increasing its
fame. And every other department is
right-in line—large, bright bedrooms,
beautiful tiled bathrooms, luxurious furn-
ishings, and—everything else the most
fastidious traveler can require for comfort,
convenience and economy.

One minute’s walk from the Union Station
brings you to

The Walker House

Toronto’s Famous Hotel
Geo. Wright & Co., Proprietors

Britt RIVERSIDE

season, I headed for the Parry Sound

district to find on reaching Toronto that
I was only one of a multitude who had taken
up arms against the outdoor creatures of
the north woods. Recruiting seems easy
in this style of war. Every man who has a
gun wants to join the army and pay a license
for the privilege. The trains were bulging
with men, dogs, guns and luggage, men of
all ages, sorts and conditions, with bloody
intent, surging northward to kill something.

Little wonder we have the great world’s
war on our hands when the outstanding
characteristic of the genus homo is to kill.
From the preacher down to the escaped
criminal all have a mad desire to shoot.

In due time I arrived in Orrville, Parry
Sound district, and by the way had to wait
two days for my trunk containing my shoot-
ing tags. Stress of business was the G.T.R.’s
excuse. However I found what is called a
hotel in the place and there waited impatient-
ly for the aforesaid trunk.

The hotel was filled with bloodthirsty hunt-
ers, who, by their actions and aromatic breath
thirsted for even more than blood. Each
knew of a neck of woods where deer strolled
in peaceful herds, “the quiet waters by.”
‘he confusion of tongues mingled with the
eccasional howls of slobbering hounds, made
my first night hideous.

About three o’clock in the morning an
indiscreet man pushed my door open, as
there was no lock. He had a lantern in one
hand and a bottle in the other and cailed out:

“Ts that you, Jim?”

I, being only half awake and in a semi-
cautious condition, said, ““No,”’ which I have
regretted very keenly ever since. Not that
I wanted anything out of the lantern or the
bottle, of course, but merely because on re-
flection I feel that my reply was extreme-
ly tart and unsociable.

The trunk arrived after two of what seemed
te be the longest days kind Providence had
ever produced. I then engaged a villainous
looking man to take the trunk and myself out
te my stopping place, a beautiful farm house
on the edge of a little lake.

The next morning I attired myself in shoot-
ing apparel, consisting of old cast off clothing
which I had not worn for years and I cannot
understand how I ever did wear it. I had
either grown or the clothing had shrunk,
for they did not fit at all and I looked like a

Cy the opening day of the deer shooting

1142

veritable stage robber when fully equipped bs
for the woods. At any rate there was no
danger of my being shot in mistake for a deer.

While in the woods I could take my field
glasses and spy out hunters everywhere in
twos and threes and fours; lone ones peering
from behind trees and stragglers in the hol-
lows and on the hillsides everywhere, in fact
only in the tree tops, and I believe they would
have been there if they could have climbed.
I could have shot in any direction and had a
man, but I didn’t need one. I feel certain
that my shooting suit saved my life from
the ruthless deer hunters, not that it made
me look like anything human.

For my part I was not hunting deer. I
was looking for a place to be alone. I like
to be alone occasionally, solitude is never
solitary tome. I see nothing but deity when
alone in the woods, and much of the devil.
when in company. One day I met a lone
boy dressed in patchwork carrying a gun ~
longer than himself. He at once plied me
with the usual questions:

‘How many deer did you see?”

“Did you kill any?”

“‘What did you get?”’

I told him I had been getting a great deal
more than I had hoped for in the way of
pleasure, healthful exercise, fresh air, a good
appetite and the sacred spirit of the woods.

I drew his attention to the sun setting
away over the rugged hill and the sprays —
of sunshine glinting on the little lake with its _
rocky shore lined with imaginary fortresses
and castles and caves and grottoes,andto
the background of timber topped hills. He |
just smiled and drew away, and I judge from
his actions he thought me crazy. Perhaps ~
he was right from his own standpoint. His
smile told me plainly he carried no burden of
care, his gun being the only weight. He had ~
seen a bear the day before and said if heonly —
had his gun he would have shot the “stuffin’’
out of it. I assured him I was glad he hadn’t ~
had his gun as the bear had as much right to
live as we had. This seemed to settle the —
matter definitely in his mind that he had ~
met a mad man, and he went on his way ©
whistling, ““Old Dan Tucker.” 2,

“What did you shoot? What did you”
kill?” Every man, woman and child I met ©
in Parry Sound asked the same question.
I had hoped to escape the maddening war
news by going to the north woods but all
to no purpose. The spirit of kill and ca

*

»

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA “saan

AEGER

For All Outing Purposes

For comfort and ease of movement Jaeger Pure Wool wear is
specially suitable for outdoor sports.

It offers perfect protection from sudden changes in temperature and can be had
in all weights to suit all seasons.

Be sure and equip yourself with Jaeger Wear for your next
outing to ensure health and comfort.

Underwear in all weights. Sweaters, Cardigans, Jerseys, Blankets,

I
———— a

Gloves, etc.

A fully illustrated catalogue and Dr. Jaeger’s
Health Culture will be sent free on application to

DR. JAEGE a taiion tr CO. Limiteo

TORONTO - MONT REAL “ WINNIPEG

Incorporated in England in 1883 with British Capital fer the
British Empire.

|
Rugs, Waistcoats, Hosiery, Golf Stockings, Caps, Mufflers,

CLARK’S
CAMP SPECIALTIES

Need No Eulogism — You Know Them

Corned & Roast Beef Peanut Butter

Cambridge Sausage Temate Ketchup
Lunch Ham Spaghetti with
Lunch Tongue Temate Sauce and
Ox Tongues Cheese

Jellied Hocks Fluid Beef Cerdial

CLARK’S CELEBRATED
PORK and BEANS

Your Camp Outfit is incemplete
Without Them.

W. CLARK, LIMITED, MONTREAL

es

FE he QO re pela

1144

seemed to be there in the hearts of the people.
They seemed to be crying out, “Show me
some living thing that I may snipe it and
see its life blood ebb.”

After about a week’s sojourn in the path-
less domain I unexpectedly came upon a man
wandering aimlessly-without a gun. He was
like the woodpeckers; he seemed to have no-
thing in view. Surely, I thought aimlessness
is the true sublimity of life. He was the first
man I had met unarmed in the country, and
I felt like throwing myself on his shoulder
and sobbing aloud.

He told me he was lost, but, said I, there
is no cause for alarm in being lost. I told
him I had been lost most of my life, lost in
the city, lost in the crowd, lost at the banquet
and at the opera, lost when I attempted to
read Milton’s Paradise Lost, or Dante’s
Inferno. And I came to this country to hunt
myself up and get acquainted and ask myself
hard questions, often too hard to answer.

*‘Joking aside stranger,” he said, “I am lost
and what’s more I have lost my gun.”

“Gun!” I replied, that’s of trifling moment.
I will give you mine if you really need one.”

He thanked me, wearing meantime a rather
scornful smile, and his painful -expression
showed plainly he thought I had been lost
so long I had lost my reason, as did the boy
I had met a few days previously.

He then told me that while crossing the big
burn he had put-his gun down that he might
more easily climb a high cliff to take observa-
tions, and found on descending that he could
neither find his gun nor himself. And he had
wandered on into the timber and found me.
“Better than nothing,” I said. I tried to
comfort him by assuring him that he could
spend -the balance of his holiday in hunting
his gun. It would give him the needful exer-
cise and a feeling that he was working along
the lines of wholesome purpose. He looked
daggers at me, and I know he wanted to kill
me on the spot, but his better judgment
stayed his hand. I was his only hope. Had
he slain me he would still be lost. However,
he turned out to be a very decent fellow and
after giving him detailed directions to his
camp (as I knew where it was situated) we
parted with a lusty hand shake and I saw
him no more.

I could write pages about characters I met
during my trip. But I will only mention one
other, an old lady herding sheep on a rocky,
partially cleared hillside. I heard her voice
like a fog horn long before I saw her, and
I learned afterwards that she lived there all
alone with her sheep and that she is seventy

odd years old. Tete eben died pes }
ago.

The nearest neighbour is at least one mile
from her home. She must lead an ideal- —
existence, with nothing of the worries or cares
of communal life or the burlesque of civiliza-
tion to petrify her heart. She knows nothing
of the insolence of wealth and power or the
pitiable entreaties of the poor.
the reader will say, ‘‘she might as well be
dead as alive,”’ and that is just what she would
say about us, and get the best of the argument.

I tried my hand at trapping beaver and
caught one, but it cut the tree down to which
I had the trap stapled, then cut the tree off
a few feet above the trap and escaped with
it—a case of “what we have we hold.” [I
cut one of their dams and watched late into
the night for them to come and rebuild it
but they didn’t come, although I found the
dam in good repair the next morning. I
might have been better employed as I didn’t
need the beaver and the beaver didn’t need
the trap. Had I set the trap and put my own
foot in it, it would have been more to the point.

I have never made a success of trapping
anything but mice and I felt justified in that
as they had broken into the house and were
putting their noses in things.

The beaver is supposed to be very in-
dustrious but I find he loafs a great deal of
his time. He works for his actual needs,
it is true, but hoards up no unnecessary stores.
He has been wisely chosen as the emblem
of our country, though we profit little by
his object lesson.

When my outing had ended I felt sad.
The days had slipped by one by one each
giving some special pleasure. I ate my lunch
in some chosen spot each day calling the

chickadees about me to lend added enchant-

ment to my banquet with the gods. ~

When I go up to that country again I will
take no trunk, no traps, no gun with me,
but will take instead a heart full of hope
and peace and goodwill, a laugh and a song
and some sunshine. I will look only at the
bright side of life. In fact I will try to make
life like a revolving barber’s pole, a round of
bright sides. -

I’ll clothe myself in wholesome thoughts
Indifferent to caste

And sit beneath the sighing pines
To see myself go past,

Past with the throng, all leading to
The doorway of our day.

And mortal man has never seen
Footprints the other way.

“ADT but 1

(Judging from her voice he was lock)

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Fresco T. Forp

Y the time the Judge was awakened,
B the sounds had ceased, and I had light-

ed the tent-lamp and was chamberin
a couple of nitro-club buck-shells which
always keep, front-belted, when bird-hunt-
ing where larger game may be encountered.

““W-what was that?” confusedly enquired
the Judge.

I pretended ignorance.

“What was what?”

“What made that unearthly screech?”

I laughed, and replied:

“Bad dream, I guess. Fall asleep once
more, and don’t dream,’’—may have been a
reverberation from one of your resonant
snores! You certainly can ‘do-a-quarter,”’
snoring, faster than a German can hot-foot
out of range of some of our big guns.

That roused the Judge, who, being from
“the States” would not admit his real pro-
British bias, and he was about to make an
unkind reply,-when he altered his mind, was
silent during a moment, then smiled, and
retorted:

But, to return to the original subject;
what caused that sound?” and continued;
t»."‘It sounded, to me, as though some of
our Ontario friends were engaged in “‘scrag-
ging” a few of their superfluous wives.
never had any confi 4

He did not complete the sentence, or the
word, but paused, mouth open, and raised
one hand, while hissing:

“Hark! There ’tis again! What an un-
earthly sound! I had not thought these
Ontario forests habited by any creature
capable of uttering so hair-raising a cry.
What is it?”

_I shook my head, and bent, scowling, to
listen, until with clattering rush, our pack,
and saddle animals had doubled past the
tent and, in frenzied panic, dashed up-trail
toward the high meadows at the lower edge
of the eternal spruce forests, then replied:

“Wish I knew! I never before heard
it, and I have “run” the Canadian Rockies
and Ontario forests for nearly a quarter of
a century past—have traversed the forest
reaches from the Great Lakes to “‘the Bay,”
until I had thought that not a creature be-
tween Vancouver and St. Johns, from our
south line to the mouth of the Mackenzie
was unknown to me.

By the volume of the cry, it was made
_ by a large creature—certainly one of our
carnivora—but which? The horses would
not have bolted in such panic for anything
not proposing danger. It was surely not
eo or bear! What might it have
een!

I shook my head—arranged the flare so
that it might burn until daylight, and, tuck-
ing my blankets more snugly about me, at
last, just before dawn, fell asleep.

“Pretty pickle!’ was the exclamation which
aroused me, soon thereafter.

“What’s a pretty pickle?’

1146

“Oh, nothing of consequence! nothing more,
I assure you, than that our horses, pack and
saddle, have bolted up trail! Heaven only
knows how far! I have followed their “‘sign’’
clear to the edge of the Big Meadows, which
ged for nearly forty miles to the North,

om here, and not one of them “broke-
gallop” during the miles’ run.

Did you note any “sign” of a following
creature, of any variety?

“No, I did not! Nothing followed in the
trail! I did not, however, explore the brooks
channel, sand bars, and banks. Possibly
some creature may have used that as a high-
way!

“Suppose, after breakfast, we have a look
in that direction.”

“Righto! Ill hustle the flapjacks while
you are boiling the coffee and frying the
trout. I shall be interested in the investiga-
tion—wish I had brought my rifle—the
maker of that unearthly sound, would, I-
believe, look better to me over the sights
of my Ross, than in any other manner.”

Within twenty minutes, the breakfast had
been disposed of, and I had chambered two
buck-shot shells in my wonder-gun, and
we were started. A

Before I had proceeded a hundred feet
up the rivulet’s channeled course, as I crossed
an outjutting bar of wet-sand, I saw, im-
printed clearly, near the stream’s margin,
the impress of a great, round, long-clawed
foot nearly four inches in diameter, and
again a little farther on, two more, so spaced
and so “toe-gauged” as to prove, conclusively
that its maker was running and without
stopping to scan his pursuers.

“I stopped, pointed downward. at the
tracks, and said:

“‘Carcajou! Big one! Thought they had
all been exterminated!”

** Carca- ’ started the Judge, to exclaim,
but remembering, in season, the Indian name
for the creature, and its proto-name, said:

“Oh, yes! The wolverine! I, too, had
thought him an extinct species since the
feminine fad had placed a premium upon.
his pelt! Thank you! I prefer to be armed
before I “‘enter the trenches, or top the earth-
works” in pursuit of the “Injun Devil.”

I smiled, told the Judge that I should re-
turn to camp before sunset-hour, and again
took trail.

After walking another three-quarters of a mile
I came to the headwater of the stream, a big
spring at the edge of the natural meadow,
and, stooping to drink, saw, in the sand
inside the water’s margin, another foot
impress, so fresh that the water’s roiled sedi-
ment was still settling.

The grass was high, the vegetation rank,
and, knowing the utter futility of a hunt
for the forest’s most noted sneaker, in such
environment, I quickly climbed to a pe
station in a nearby, low-branched, hemlock-
tree, and scanned the wild upland meadow.

RRPOENN ate eect AT ed

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For a moment, or two, I saw nothing,
enlightening, and was about to descend
when, near the meadow’s farther margin,
about a quarter of a mile distant, I saw a
movement of the high timothy plumes,
and, a moment later, there emerged, and
stood, looking toward me, over his shoulder,
a great, squat-legged creature, the counter-
part of which I had never before seen, but
which I instantly recognized as the wolver-
ine, or, in Indian parlance, “‘carcajou” from
remembered pictures and descriptions.

After a minute’s watching, the creature,
certain, that he had outstripped the hated
danger, turned, and commenced to stalk
a beautiful white-tailed fawn, which I could
see, indistinctly, in a brush patch, a hundred
yards farther along the meadow’s margin,
where he was feeding.

Some distance beyond the fawn, I noted
that the trail, which skirted the meadows’
margin, passed beneath a great, heavily
leaved Halos tree, and, a few moments later,
as, I was looking, casually, toward this tree,
I saw the unexplained movement of one
ef its overhanging limb-tips, and concluded
that the carcajou was playing the Indian
game, of “sit-and-wait.”

I resolved to do the same.

After fifteen or twenty moments of brows-
‘ing, the fawn stepped out, plainly, in sight,—
stood, switching his tail, and shaking his
“head, amid a gray cloud of insect torments,
for a moment or two, “sunning” himself,
then turned, re-entered the brush and moved,
at a leisurely walk, nipping succulent leaf-
dainties from time to time, along the trail.

Not a further quiver betrayed the lurk-
ing menace above the path!

A cross-wind carried ‘‘nose-news’’ astray,
and, after another breathless interval, as
the beautifully spotted creature, walked
beneath the overarching bough canopy, a
gray torment dropped upon its shoulders, its
great chisel-like, rear-claws furrowing the
dappled flanks to blood-gashed ribbons; its
Massive jaws closed upon the vertebra at
the neck’s base. There was a crunching re-

port, and the beautiful creature plunged

orward, in mid-jump, dead.

After a moment or two, the killer relaxed
his hold upon the shattered bones, crouched
at the throat’s base, for an ensanguined
period, then, with astonishing ease, dragged
his victim to shelter in the cat-tailed edge of
a meadow-pond, emerged, yawned cavernous-
ly, stretched one foot after another; and was
lost from sight in the meadow’s brushed
recesses.

_ I stayed in*my bough-harbour until cer-
tain that the=destroyer was not returning

' . ‘ ‘5 ' ie Lot)
by his outgoing route; thenI descended, and

returned to my camp, where I remained until ie)
dge might

late afternoon, hoping that the Ju
return, with my Ross rifle.

An hour before nightfall, I retraced my
steps, climbed silently to the maple’s leafy
shelter, that no low-circling scent might
betray me, and with my Ithaca fowling piece,
in hand, waited.

For a time I noted no sign of animals in
my proximity, but, just as the gray-blue
gloom was shadowing, and the last golden
radiance was fading in the West, there stood
before me, in the trail, with one paw up-
raised, its eyes centered upon ‘something
invisible to me, in the small-growth, the
wolverine; more, the great grandsire of
the carcajou which had, for centuries, terri-
fied the wild-life of the great tree-carpeted
wastes.

As silently as the animal apparition had
appeared, the wonder-gun, nestled its pol-
ished stock to my shoulder and cheek; the
venomous message shattered the encire
silence; leaden death found its billet; an
the “‘Injun Devil,” arising conyvulsively upon
his hind paws, fell backward into—oblivion.

When, as the Judge and the camp-man,
were eating a delayed dinner, I returned,
beneath my encrimsoned load, and cast
it down at the Judge’s back, before he sus-
pected my presence. ayes

“Wh-what the . I. mean what in
the world was that?’’ cried the judge, leap
from his seat as he glimpsed a savage hea
beside him. 3

He stared downward at the quiescent
form, for a moment, shook his head, and,
quietly enough, said: ‘ ’

“T have been told that the Injun Devil
was extinct: This one certainly isso! How,
and with what, did you kill it?” . -

“Good fortune—and better gun!” was my
reply. ‘The Ithaca, and the Manitou of the
silent places, were the instrument, and the
director of the hunt.’’

‘Are there more of the creatures in this
vicinity?”

“Hardly probable! And, if there were,
there could be no likelihood of a successful
hunt. But for an unusual combination
circumstances I should not have been so for-
tunate.”’ -

I never again expect to see, alive, a re-
presentative of the only family which once
disputed animal sway with the tawny pan-
ther in these wilds.

I shall send the skin, and skeleton, of this
one, to the Provincial Museum, at Ottawa,
with my compliments.

“"
}
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—_,, a

A TALK ON PROPER METHODS OF SKINNING
AND TREATING FUR BEARERS BY A
BRITISH COLUMBIA TRAPPER
J. S. Hicgs

T’S a curious fact that the authors of
various trappers’ guides, pay far more
attention to the capture of animals, than

to the proper methods of skinning and stretch-
ing them, although the latter is at least of
- equal importance. Any man if placed in a
country where fur is plentiful, can be reason-
ably successful as a trapper, if he works,
but there are hundreds of men with more or
less trapping experience who seem unable to
putupaskinindecentshape. Before describ-
ing the methods I follow, I wish to say that
I do not claim them as my methods. In fact
they represent the accumulated experience
of many men, nor do I claim that they are
_ the best, other methods with which I am not
familiar may be equally good but I do claim
that they show up each skin in its most
attractive light, that in skins which are split
open, they leave the pelage in a solid mass,
and that the only kick I have ever heard on
fur handled in this manner was that it looked
too good.

For the successful handling of skins a ca-
pacity for taking pains, and pride in the
finished appearance of the pelt, are of the
first importance and next to these a good
pocket knife not merely sharp in the ordinary
sense, but sharp as your razoris sharp. This
knife should have a large and a small blade,
and should never be used for other purposes.

For dressing large skins (bear, etc.) I have
never found anything equal to a Wilson
skinning knife but as it comes from the fac-
tory the blade is too long, and should be
reduced to five, or at most six inches.

There are several methods of splitting de-
pending on whether the animal is to be cased
or skinned open. If :t is to be cased, begin
at the vent and follow the line between back
and belly fur to each hind foot, loosen the
skin around the leg bringing it away clean.
Now peel it down over the foot as far as

1150

possible, take an inside toe and draw it out
until the claw joint 1s exposed. Cut this off.
Treat the outside toe in the same manner,
and return to the next inside one. When
both hind feet are free, loosen the skin around
the rump, draw it tight and cut clear of the
vent, being careful not to cut, or in the case
of the skunk, squeeze the scent glands.

Now loosen the skin for an inch or two
up the tail, returning it to its original posi-
tion, and use the tail skinner, at the same
time holding the skin with the thumb to
prevent it rolling back. Once the knack
of using the tail skinner is acquired, the tails
of such animals as mink, marten and ermine
can be skinned ina moment. For the benefit
of those who have never seen a tail skinner
I may say that one can be made anywhere
with a stick and a Jacknife, a tapered slot is
cut in one end of the stick large enough to
admit the tail, and presenting a square face
on one side, the other end 1s used as a handle.
Once the hind legs and tail are clear, hang your
animal by the hind feet so that it will turn
freely. Keep a strain on the skin with one
hand, and use the knife with the other, skin-
ning as cleanly as possible.
legs are reached, draw them out almost to
the feet, then insert the knife blade and rip
a slit, length ways of the leg on the rear side.
In the case of a marten this slit should be
about three-quarters of an inch long, for fox
or fisher somewhat longer. ;

Peel the skin down over tne foot, then
proceed as with the hind feet, first taking
an inside toe, then an outside one. When
the feet are skinned, turn them out through
the slits. The ears of the fox should be
skinned out carefully and treated with a solu-
tion of salt, alum, and borax. Skin the lips,

and nose cleanly, being careful not to cut the —
hair glands, and your skin is ready ior the —

board. The tails of fox, fisher, otter and

When the fore >

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“om.

ah should be wie fea in the case , of the

otter should be tacked open on the board.
Some prefer to spht the tails of mink and
marten. If this is not done, it is a good idea
to pierce the end of the tail with the knife
point so that the air will escape, and pour
in some of the salt and alum solution. This
prevents tainting and keeps the tail pliable.

Delicate skins like marten and ermine
should not be cleaned with the knife. When
the hind legs and tail are skinned, strip off
the pelt down to the fore legs, then wrap a
piece of dry cotton rag around the end of the
thumb, and peel off the adhering flesh. In
this manner the last particle can easily be
removed, but care should be taken when
cleaning around the mammary glands, as this
part is easily torn. As there are so many
different ideas as to the:best style and shape
of stretcher boards, I will only say that for
my own use I prefer a two-piece stretcher
(board and belly piece). The boards should
be made of dry wood, and in two sizes.

As I make them for mink and marten they
will measure about thirty inches in length,
and one half of an inch im thickness, tapering
from three and a half and three and three-
quarter inches at the large end, to two and
a quarter and two and a half inches just back
of the head. The small end chamfered and
rounded back about two inches to an oblong
point. The edges of the board should be
round, not sharp. The belly piece, or wedge,

_ should be the same length as the board, about
half an inch by two and a half at the large

end, round on one side and tapering to a
rounded point.

For fisher the board should be three and a
half or four feet long. Five and a half and six

_ inches, tapering to three and a half and three

and: three-quarters. For fox, otter and lynx
proportionately larger sizes are required. I
may say that these measurements are only
approximate, as I have never made my boards
to exact measurement. If the fore feet are

_ to be mounted on the skin as should be done
with marten, fox, and fisher, small stretchers
__ are required for the legs and feet.
are simply flat pieces of wood. For the mar-
ten the leg pieces are about four inches long,

These

and one and a half tapering to one inch in
width. They are shoved into the fore legs
from the inside before placing the skin on
the board. The foot pieces are three inches
long, three-quarters of an inch wide, rounded
on edges and oneend. A small wedge is used
with them. They are placed in the feet
after the skin has been turned, and should
be well greased.

and weird are some of the results. The co

mon practise with many men is to pull the
skin as tight as possible without tearing it,
place a nail or tack at the root of the tail,
another in each hind foot, drive in the wedge
and call it a job. I have seen lynx stretched
in this way, of which at least one third of the
length was hind legs. Other men using a
two-piece stretcher, drive the wedge up the
back, and the effect—to my eye—is not
attractive. But the capsheaf of absurdity
was furnished by a bunch of marten I once
saw and they were put up by an old trapper
too. My partner on seeing them immediately
pledged himself not to touch hard liquor again

for at least six months, and he appeared much.

relieved when I remarked their peculiar
appearance. They had evidently been put
up on a two-piece stretcher, and were mount-
ed with their backs on the edge of the board.
All I can say of themis that they bore astrong
resemblance to something seen in a bad
dream.

In stretching never pull on AES hind legs
or the tail. Take a piece of cotton cloth
large enough to go around the skin; pass it
firmly—using both hands—from the head

to the tail, repeat this three or four times,

then make fast with a tack at the root of
the tail, set tacks at intervals of half or three-
quarters o: an inch, on each side down to the
hocks, gradually approaching the edge of the
board. The tail should completely fill the
space between the legs down to the hocks.
Now shove in the belly piece, and draw the
skin to its center line, first on one side, then

on the other, tacking as before; getting all

the stretch possible in the width of the legs,
but none in the length. Tack back and front
down to the feet, set a tack in the lower lip,
and if your skinning has been well done the
job is finished. If any flesh still adheres
to the skin, clean it with your knife. If it is
very greasy, clean it as it dries.

As most furs nowadays are cased with the
fur out a few words on this subject may not

_ be amiss.

When the pelt is nearly dry, remove it
from the board, and turn back the front legs
inside the skin. Now turn the skin, always
turning from the head. Should the skin be
too dry to turn without danger of tearing the
lips, moisten the head with a damp rag. (It’s

a good plan to hang the skin out of doors

for a short time). After turning, replace it

on the board, insert the foot pieces, andleave

it until thoroughly dry.

OF LONG AGO e
(CONTINUED FROM LAST ISSUE.)
LEO PANKRATZ

The following morning was a cold and
cloudy one. The north-west wind howled
around past the corner of the barn as I passed
on my way to the old lake with my bunch
of rusty toe pinchers over my back. I car-
ried my repeating shotgun thinking that I
might see a flock of wild ducks going over
as they were on their southward flight.

I walked across a shocked cornfield and
as I did so heard the “‘tlip,.flip, flip,’”’ of wings
to the right of me. Looking around I espied
three wild prairie chickens fly from a corn
shock. Raising my Winchester to my shoul-
der I took careful aim at the old rooster,
(which proved to be a hen later on), and fired.
Down it came! Switching to ‘another one
of the remaining birds in the air I fired with
the result that I only winged it. I walked
over and hunted around a while and found
it in a bunch of dead and frozen golden-rod.

Taking a few of the feathers and scatter-
ing a little of the surplus blood from the dead
chicken on my trap I prepared a most clever
weasel set under an old driftwood log which
was partly decayed and frequented by weasels
a good deal owing to the holes which are
beneath the logs. This was my first set of
the season and whether or not the weasels
had changed their brown unprime coats for
their beautiful white prime winter coats I
did not quite know. At any rate I was
anxious to find out and I was not long in
doing so for on my return trip the next day
I was able to skin the largest old ermine I
had ever seen. Its coat was as white as
snow and it had a dense underfur which
only winter coats can show.

Having reached the lake I attempted to
spear through the ice at a fleeing old rat all
in vain. The ice was frozen too thick and
the spear could not be driven through with
_any degree of accuracy so it was up to me
“to resort to more grassy places or content
myself with waiting for the weather to change

_ and get warmer and so thaw out the ice.

I decided therefore I would set some traps

_ on the lake where this was frozen over to an

"extent that rendered it worthless for spearing.
' Accordingly I set about two dozen traps
ie Staking them down good and solid so that if

a thaw should come the traps would not get
lost by being dashed about by the waves.
After the traps were set I walked up the
lake to the grass bordered shore where I had
had. pretty good spearing but it kept me on
the lookout most of the time for open rat
“runs” as these grassy spots are very danger-
ous, the water being unable to freeze there.
I had no mishaps worth mentioning however,
except that I fell down quite hard on the
ice while walking along which gave me quite
a bump although I was soon up and on the
go again. Had I clamped on my ice creepers
to the soles of my boots the fall might have
been avoided but as I seldom fall when spear-
ing muskrats and one should be able to spear
without falling I do not make a practice of
wearing the ice creepers excepting times when
I take long trips on creeks and rivers where
I do little spearing.

I managed to get ten rats up the lake,
spearing most of them through the back

while swimming. I came back in the after- -

noon and examined some of my rat traps*‘and
found I had caught quite a number, most of
the rats having been caught soon after the
houses were closed.

I took my dinner along and was} seated on _

top of a large muskrat house partaking of it
when as I was eating a muskrat came swim-
ming along close up to the house wanting
to enter it apparently and unaware of my
presence. I got up and jammed the spear
into the ice in an effort to spear him but in
vain. The ice was a little too thick. The
spear passed through the ice but the spear’s
point only touched the back of the rat, hold-
ing it back for a second only when it struggled
free again only slightly wounded.

Resuming my perch on the old rat house
I ate some more ham and bread, finishing
off with a drink and a chew of tobacco.

With this I gathered up my belongings and
struck for home, spearing at random at the
frogs lying lifeless beneath the ice. Frogs
are good targets to practice on.

Much practice when a boy made me an
expert at spearing. I used to chop a round
hole in the ice just large enough to stick a
board six inches long and three inches wide

a 1153
BS :

1154

an

ANNOUNCEMENT NO. 6

MOVED TO MONTREAL, QUE.

Mis

WINES AND LIQUORS

MAIL ORDER DEPARTMENT

Now Montreal, Que. 4 St. Helen St.
FORMERLY HULL, QUE.

SERVICE—Prompt shipment, no substituting, refunding overpayments, immediate acknow-
ledgement of all orders—these are the features of our service to which we give very special care.

DRAUGHT VERSUS BOTTLED LIQUORS

Liquors in sealed bottles in cases cost one-third more than in draught, and the quality is no

better.
tling, for the same goods.

Following are some draught liquors, especially
“Balmoral” Scotch, which we can highly recommend:

DRAUGHT SCOTCH

“Balmoral” Fine Old Scotch, 2 gals. .................... $12.50
“Balmoral” Extra Fine Old Scotch, DAS Se ee 14.50
“Balmoral” Extra Special Liqueur, 2 gals. .......... 16.50
DRAUGHT CANADIAN WHISKIES
PEPE OF Walt, 2 gals. cs ee a ey, $ 8.00
OidRveor Malt:5 gales eto take 18.50
extra. Old Rye or Malt,’ 2 gals. 22 .cec..c..ccscthcesseees 9.00
Extra Old Rye or Malt, 5 PeiN Ee ets Ap itm re 21.00

Wiser’s Special, Gooderham & Worts’ Special,

Walker’s Imperial and Seagram’s ‘83,’

gals., $10.00, 5 gals... occ ccsessessseeeseen "2 93.50
DRAUGHT RUM
Fine Old Jamaica Rum, 2 gals. 20.0.3.....000...c.cseceeeeeee $13.00
Extra Fine Old Jamaica Rum, 2 ALS ot ee eee 17.00
DRAUGHT BRANDY
OUD TLE BAC RS nn ME ce BONE, $11.00
GTR EY ES RAR ei ene ey seaenlet putes te Co 14.00
Extra Old Cognac, AS ys ee 8 Ne, ee 16.00
T. Hines & Co., 2 gals. Pee dae. Bie Pee ee 16.00
DRAUGHT HOLLAND GIN
SPAN IU OG Sse ANS. 2 eo. iaccevedcsacdovasssurd dene $10.50
DRAUGHT PORT PINES Ser Ce
Warre & Co., No. I Pealsars s she ek es ae:
Warre & Co., No SECA ACT eS RM alc er ae +360
DRAUGHT PORT i ee
tieOlare Grape. 2-ab, Jar oooh. io. eackek ae secescders $ 4.00
Canadian Grape, Concord, 2-gal. jar .............. 0
Canadian Grape, Special Vintage, 2-gal. jar ........ 6.00
DRAUGHT SHERRY WINES, dey aS
REN RAHI ES ise) AA ES. See ty eet ee Ne Oe ee he $ 8.00
BRNO ee ASLO, <2) Balg? sls 4 eta cet ee tance 10.00
Wattiams é& Elumbert’s, 2 @als-. i) posc.. Socctensceseesee 12.00
HIGH WINES
LETS Vs Ree ay 2 | Ee os as BGR Ce RE ee ee $14.00
Partial List with Prices .

Case containing 12 bots. 6 bots
Walker’s Canadian Club.............cccc.cc00005. $12.50 $7.25
WreartkersGrmperial 3.2) ile tieee cee 10.00 57>
Wiser’s Red Letter, G. & W. Special,

Seagram’s **83,’’ and White Wheat,

and Royal Reserve............/........:0:. .50 6.25

JOHN LABATT, Limited, 4 St. Helen St. MONTREAL, we. |

FORMERLY HULL, QUE.

Why one-third more? Because you are paying for the bottles and the labor of bot-

Wiser’s Recreation, Imp. Qts. ....000..0000... 9.75 0) Shee
Wiser’s Recreation Ambers .................... 7.25 3.90
Wiser’s Old Ryeic oie se eee 8.25 4.40
Wiser’s Whiskey Clair ............0......c.08 7.25 3.90
Ge. & Wi iOrdimary 3.50 is ee eee 9.50 5.25
Seagram's Shree: Star: 7.20.5) eae 10.50 5.75
Seagram’s One Star .......... 42 SL eee 9.00 4.75
SCOTCH WHISKIES Per Case,
Dewar’s Special 2.22. s08...2i:..0. see eee $16.00
Catto’s Old Mar \s)........5.0.\5..n. nee 16.00
Us her’s OlV Gro ioccsen, socenchede teltees os tn ea 16.00
Witte Horse’ ag he ee ee 17.00
John. Haig; Glenleven ....4).2:.)... Ane 18.00
Gatto’s Gold Label 2.000.024 oii 17.00
Usher’s Special Reserve).....25. (23. ese 17.00
John Begg § Red Gap vii)... cscs eeceer eee 16.00
Dewar’s ‘Blue LEabel.:....2..4.3.5: 5scee ccc 17.00
Hill Thompson’s Hill "Top... s..2...nct ee 16.00
Walker’s Kilmarnock: )..3 &:2.1.. i.e 2utte e 17.00
Black ‘and White 0. a 17.00
John Haig’s Gold Label .):.22-..4 0, eee See eee 19 .00
Whyte & MacKay.i20.0.0.2. io alee ote ee 16.00
John Begg’s Whrite Cap :....:.52,..s.<:cs-cteseeeeene es 17.00
Dewar’s Special Liquetry. :).:. 26. cc hc ee 18.00
John Haig’ s Special Reserve?..)...3. Giese 20.00
Mitchell’s Scotch, Imp: ‘Qts) .):):.2:.4 cts 21.00
Mitchell’s Scotch, Imp., Pts. 24 bottles 7 eee 22.00
Walker’s Kilmarnock Black Label ......2.-..0..0...0- 23.00
John Haig’s Dimples ....4. 0.5.3.0: eee 23.00
IRISH WHISKIES Per Case
Keegan’ s Imperial Guorts Saisuse oo beate eee See $21.00
Kee an’ s Reputed Quarts.................... 17.00
Taylor’s Coleraine Pure Malt (10-year-old) 17.00
Mitchell’s Irish, Imp. Qts 21.00
Jamieson’s 3-Star Rep. Ots 19.00
Dunnville’s Imp. Qts. 21.00
Burke’s Imp. QUs- 0. itie..02---2--:.sseese eva 21.00
BRANDIES Per Case.
Cooking Brandy; Boutin: £05.000020.coec-e-c-n2enss esse $14.00
Brillet’s Three Grape <:)4..c. Gocco. see scoe eee eee 19.00
Prunier Gold Stamp. «:..2.:.:..cc.cccsses-sacsuedes cove se eae 25.00
Hennessy, One Star!.8..c5. ce eee 21.00
Jules Robin. j.....502..5040 kee ee 19.00
Himes’ "Phree. Grape... (22.1 /cact sacses seal eevee ape 21.00
wes hea Champagne Cognac Brandy, 1863 "$0.
inta

GINS
Per Case.
John de Kuyper, 15 large bots. .0.0.000.......0.00000000002. ie:

Melcher’s Gold Crass arge Case, 15 bots. ...... 18.00

Medium Case, 12 bots..... 9.00

Small Case, 24 bots....... . 8.00

Meter G IUONGON DOTY). 2.22.0 cos oce cee Aoveceeleedececdes he 13.50
Burrough’s PIE ee ish eee, Peo be 25

- Booth’s Old Tom
Coate’s Plymouth

id SIPYES ees FR Se ati rales ST ae ee i epee
JAMAICA BOM Per Case.
emraOMeNe NWVE Coens scw ceed cp avcensecceces AS es $16.00
PORT WINES—IMPORTED Per Case.
EERO WEES MZOTIWAGO |... 65-8. <.ncasegenecnesocecrceanscoonsct $17.00
PORT WINES—DOMESTIC
Per Case.
(0 LS TRE ASAE se RE Ree a $ 7.00
SHERRY WINES Per Case.
Williams & Humbert’s Molino ......00000000000000000....... $16.00
Williams & Humbert’s Dry Sack ............................ 20.00
TONIC WINE Per Case.
SU UN MINTITNING ET Go Do 82, 0 bac sahdedanestascaacioeaee $12.00
BITTERS
on 2 DR Per Bottle $ 1.25
Wo SID SE BO i ts 1.25
French Vermouth, Noilly Pratt ...... Per Case 12.00
Italian Vermouth, Freund Ballor.... ‘ $8 12.00
Italian Vermouth, Martini Rossi .... “ 12.00
COCKTAILS
Congress Club:
TED Eo
Manhattan .......
“EDEL ES pee Seana il a eee
“8 OTE, Bl eee en
2 GE hn ee OS a oP
SAUTERNES
N. Johnstone & Sons. Per Case.
ge SC ele es ai i Ee ee cs $11.00
pamtermmes © ts., 24 Bottles) .....2...0......0....005. .. 12.00
Haut Sauterne, UE a eA 14.00
fone sauterme. Pts. 24° Bottles ......27.....1....ccse00c0 15.00
CLARETS
N. Johnstone & Sons or Barton & Guestier. Per Case.
PIRNERE EIOTEE ONE one oo 2c cated sac chcaegdes neve es ees 00
Pontet Ganet, Pts., 24 Bottles.......-..........0.0..045 15.00
PME E EME Sc 0 act Sade cca cavec tina .ne sash <ecesvent sae 10.00
St. Julien, Pts., PeapOLtles so. es, ee 11.00
2 LS BE DT 2 EE aS Ee ee ee er ee ees ee 10.00
LEE STL ES TBS 92 BI oT) 4d (0 ee 11.00
Medoc, on: mbites 2 dae a pies

Medoc, Q

| JOHN LABATT, Limited, 4 St. HelenSt. MONTREAL, QUE.

FORMERLY HULL, QUEBEC

LIQUEURS

Annisette, Marie Brizard & Rogers ..0............c.0008 $ 2
Benedictine, Ots.: 25 deveisnnsdeaccondverssude eee 3.25
Benedictine, Pts., 24 Bottles -...%..2:.:1...0saseuneneee
Blackberry Brandy, Marie Brizard & Rogers ........ 2.25
Creme de Menthe, Green, Qts., Marie Brizard

Se FRogersicty. 2) sek es ee 2.25
Creme de Menthe, Green, Pts., Marie Brizard

é& Rogers: (24::. 5. 5 Se. 3 seeks eee eee 50
Creme de Menthe, White, Qts., Marie Brizard

&\ Rogersk 2 i ha Ae eee 2.25
Apricot Brandy, Marie Brizard & Rogers .............. 2.25
Chartreuse, Pts., Peres, Yellow, 24.......0.0.cccccccccceses 2.25
Chartreuse, Pts., Peres, Green, 24°54, neers 2.25
Curacoa Red Stone Jars, Marie Brizard & Rogers 2.25
Cherry Whiskey, Fremy Fils ...........0....:.ccceccteeeseeees 2 25
Kummell, Marie Brizard & Rogers......0.c..cc0cc0c00- 2 25
Cherry Brandy, Marie Brizard & Rogers ............ 2.25
Creme de, Coca. Droz. .s..scs.s-:sscastict-dssiieleuatetoll 2.75

BURGUNDIES—STILL WINES

Bouchard Pere & Fils. Per Case-
BPGAUME VOUS Fics ssccctnds Ceol vied oe $15.50
Beaune, Pts., 24 Bottles 16.50
AGWablis, JO ts. ee ee 13.00
Chablise Piss 24 Bottles.o42..3/.1 4 die 14.00
INPACOTRIO TSS tas ere estate cease ace ee 12.00
Macon, Pts., 24 Bottles... 2.0 ee 13.00
Pommard, 2 Ce Rs Pe cA ead tence eee 17.00
Pommard, Pts., 24 Bottles... 18.00

SPARKLING WINES
We carry a full stock of Champagnes, Sparkling
Burgundies, etc., but as prices are fluctuating so rapid-
ly kindly ask us for quotations.
Prices on Wines include War Stamps.

TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF SALE

Money Order, marked Cheque or Cash to accom-
pany all orders. If too much is sent, the difference
will be returned immediately; if not enough the ship-
ment may be delayed. If cash is sent the letter should
be ae. Express Companies will not accept
C.0.D. shipments.

DELIVERIES

All orders are shipped the same day they are re-
ceived. Any further information desired will be sent
on request.

Freight or Express Charges prepaid by us east and
south of, and including North Bay on quantities quoted
in Price List.

North and west of North Bay,
Marie add 50c per package.

North and west of Sault Ste. Marie add $1.00 per
package.

Cut Out This Price List and Keep for
Reference.

Express Charges Prepaid (See above)

including Sault Ste. -

1156

through. This board was colored with red
paint and a small string hwas tied to one end.
The board was tied to the string and the
string passed through another hole in the ice
about fifteen feet from the other hole. A
boy pulled the board from one hole to the
other with the aid of the string and in this
way I had all the practising I wished to do
at this moving object under the ice. I soon
got so I could easily hit the board every
time so that it got to be correspondingly
easy for me to spear rats that were moving
as fast as the board. Believe me the kids
pulled the board at a good rate when a bet
was up that I would give a rat if I failed to
hit the board and they would give me a prime
speared rat if I hit it.

One day while I was out spearing I noticed
some object ahead of me which appeared to
me to be arat. Quickening my pace I came
up to it and just as I was about to strike at
it I noticed it was a red painted board under
the ice. Observing closely the surroundings
I found to my surprise that what I had
thought a board was my good old boat that
I had used to hunt duck with in the early fall.

One day when I came to use the boat it was
missing from its place on the shore. It had
been taken by some one, by whom I did not
know. I went to the farmer that lived close
to the lake and enquired whether he had seen
anyone going off with the boat or not and
offered $10 if he could tell me who it was.
I valued this boat highly. Another farmer
I asked about the boat was a Dane and unable
to express himself very clearly in English.
He replied to my enquiries: ‘‘A no see tha’
boat. I vork me whole farm alone und haf
leetle time to look after your boats and dings.
De only ding I vish you would do is not shoot
so close to me house in de yard dat my vooman
has not to look so she jump in de bob wire
fence yet.” With this rejoinder I departed
leaving him to feed his hogs. I found my
boat where it had been put by some despicable
person who had rowed it into the lake where

ALONG THE TRAP LINE QUERIES

A Set for Wolves.

Editor, ALONG THE TRAP LINE:—

& Please find enclosed two dollars as per your
special January offer. I have been taking
Rod and Gun since the Spring of 1912 and
must say that I certainly enjoy reading it,
especially the hunting and_ trapping ex-
periences from different parts of the globe.

ROD AND GUN IN | CANADA

Gee a ee

Paes ae

the water was quite shallow and submerged __
it thinking it was a good joke on me. After
discovering it I chopped a hole 1n the ice
with my hand axe large enough so the boat
could come up through it and dragged 1t out
whence it was conveyed by wagon and team
to my home. I had good luck trapping
muskrats that winter and the recovery of

my boat made me feel like “Heap happy
Injun.”

Muskrat spearing always possessed a fas-
cination for me. To be out in the breaking
hours of day with spear and gun amidst the
fields and along the streams away from the
discords of the town; to hear the wind as it
swept over the lonely tree tops stripped of
their leaves; to watch the sun as it slowly
emerged from a mantle of hills, or to hear
the quack quack of the wild ducks in the fall
as they prepare for their southward flight
are only a few of the attractions which Nature
has to offer the trapper. Hunting, fishing,
spearing and trapping in the days when
game was plentiful could be indulged in to
a much greater extent than is the case now
when the fur bearing animals are reduced
in numbers. Of course the muskrats in those
days did not bring the price they do now
so the spearing performances I have written
of did not prove a get-rich-quick scheme
so far as I was concerned.

Now-a-days I do not spear muskrats but _
take all my rats in the spring when they are
at their best. At this time of the year their
fur brings more than that of damaged speared
winter rats. In some of the Provinces of :
Canada muskrats are forbidden to be speared
through the ice so that to engage in this
pursuit would be an infringement of the game
laws. At the time of which I have written,
however, these fur bearers were plentiful
and there were no restrictions as to spearing
or killing them. In some future issue of
Rod and Gun I hope to publish an article with
reference to my fur farming experiences.

I am doing a little trapping this winter. —
I have already shipped six foxes, five beavers, —
three mink and eight weasel. =

This is my best set for wolves: I use No. ©
three or four traps. I go to a place where Bi
wolves are travelling, set my traps, and cove ;
them to make everything look natural. N
for the scent. I take my bottle of that wo:

famous skunk perfume and sprinkle a few
drops of same around traps, or better still
find a hollow log, set trap before entrance
and put scent inside of the log. I never use
bait as that makes the animals suspicious.
I have used this set for both foxes and wolves
with good results. I may give a better
account of myself later on. Let us hear from
some more of you fellows.

Yours truly,
ty Be

: A White Woodchuck.
Editor, ALONG THE TRAP LINE:— &&

I am a steady reader of Rod and Gun and
take great pleasure in reading the stories that
appear in it, particularly those by Bonny-
castle Dale as his are usually about Rice Lake
on which I spend most of the summer each
year.

I enclose a picture of a young woodchuck
which was entirely white, except for a small
brown spot on its neck. I shot this one the
same day that I took its picture and had it
mounted. There was another one just like
it but in about a month it had turned brown.
Is this a common thing among young wood-
chucks?

Yours truly,

Ray Kelly.

Note.—This was doubtless an Albino wood-
chuck. Such are not common but Albinos

Sportsmen readers of Rod and Gun
will be interested in the announce-
ment of a new book, The Moose Book,
by Samuel Merrill, which has recently
come from the press of E. P. Dutton
& Co., New York. This book which
is divided into two parts,—Part one
being devoted to “‘The American
Moose” and Part two to “‘The Old
World Elk’’,—deals in a comprehens-
ive manner with the forest monarch.
The first section includes the Moose
and his History, the American Range
of the Moose, His Trails and Habits,
Still Hunting, Calling, Arms and
Equipment, Head and Horns, The
Names of the Moose, The Moose in
Indian Myth, etc. The chapters

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

are to be found occasionally among almost
every member of the animal kingdom. A
man in Kansas City, we are advised, has
made a hobby of collecting Albino animals,

and his collection which is very large, in-
cludes an Albino animal of a great many
species.

THE MOOSE BOOK

devoted to the Old World Elk are
similar in character. The book is
profusely illustrated with photo-
graphic reproductions and drawings
by the author and others and contains
also four reproductions from paintings
by Carl Rungius. The book con-
stitutes a history of the Moose, his
habits and habitat, and methods of
hunting employed by both American
and Old World sportsmen and is the
most complete book of its kind yet
issued. Hitherto the literature of the
moose has been scattered throughout
various books and magazines but in
this book it has been gathered toget-
her and arranged in readable and
convenient form.

1157

sine Clu 2 ; Canaday |

uy

THE CANADIAN ALPINE
JOURNAL, 1916

J. L. McCuttocxu

HE current number of the Journal is an
especially interesting one—every article
in it being a good one.

During the past month I have seen letters
from two A.C.C. members who enlisted at
the beginning of the War. One is now a
prisoner in Germany and the other has been
lying for fourteen weeks in a hospital in Eng-
land, and may be there for many more. Both
make anxious inquiries about their Journals.
The prisoner may not get his until his release,
but the other, who took the trouble to learn
to write with his left hand, will have his soon,
I hope, and while away some of the weary
hours in hospital reading about the moun-
tains he loved so well.

Devoting the first few pages of the Journal
to the pictures of some and a list of the ninety
members who are serving in the present war
was a happy thought. It brought to my
mind the few minutes of silence with which
the meetings of the Returned Soldiers’ As-
sociation are opened—a pause before hasten-
ing on to read of the achievements and joys
of the climb. in order that we may give a
thought to those fighting for us, and in one
case to the one who has already made the
supreme sacrifce.

The first article is by Prof Coleman, on
a first ascent of Mt. Tetragona, in the Torn-
gat range, Labrador, a district as Prof. Cole-
man Says, not nearly so far distant from To-
ronto as the Rockies, but a great deal more
inaccessible and therefore a great deal more
unexplored.

For an account of a fortnight’s climbing
in the Southern Selkirks and a description
of some of the beauties of the Upper Col-
umbia Vatley no better person coud have
been found than Dr. W. E. Stone (President,
Purdue University). He has a delightfully
simple and direct’style, and with every detail
included he brings to the reader’s mind a
vivid picture of all that he saw.

P. A. W. Wallace, another favourite con-
tributor, tells in his humourous fashion, of
the failure of his party to conquer “elusive
Mt. Moloch,’’ and does it so well that one
can hardly call the outing a disappointing one.

Dr. Hickson writes an account of his climbs
in the Yoho and Northern Selkirks, that
fascinating Alpine country, the delights of
which most of our members know something,
but still have much to learn and always want
to hear more.

C. A. Richardson writes ot an ascent of the
difficult Mt. Black Douglas, one of the climbs —
from the 1915 Camp. Many of us wanted
to make that ascent, but were unable to get
to the 1915 Camp so we turn to Mr. Richard-
son’s account of it eagerly and are not dis-
appointed.

An ascent of Mt. Edith Cavell (for a time
confused with Mt. Geikie) is given by Prof.
Holway, and Miss Mary Jobe contributes an
account of her expedition to Mt. Sir Alexander >
MacKenzie (north of Mt. Robson). 7.

In the scientific section Prof. Colem
writes of the Geology of the Torngats al

cal Phenomena in the Rockies. I hope
ome day Mr. Wheeler may be persuaded to
talk of these at one of the Camp fires,
There are the usual interesting reports of
f} book reviews, this year by Mr. Mitchell and

The annual dinner of the New York section
was held on January 6th when some sixty-six
members and guests were present. Among
the speakers were Prof. C. B. Sissons of To-
__ ronto who told of an expedition to the N.
E: Fork of the Iilecillewaet; Miss Jobe who

described some of the experiences on her trip
to Mt. Sir Alexander (Mackenzie); J. E.
Vincent who spoke on the subject, ‘Wild

_ Animals I have Tried to Meet’? and Mr.
MacCarthy who described interestingly some

- difficult climbs of Mt. Louis and Howser
_. Spires.
bx *. The following officers were elected for 1917:

© Chairman, A. H. MacCarthy.

-« Secretary, Mrs. Edric B. Smith, 219 East
‘17th Street, Flatbush, Brooklyn, N.Y.

Committee, in addition to above, Mrs. A.
HK. MacCarthy, Mrs. Mary Vaux Walcott,
Miss Staber, R. I. Raiman, pr. W. E. Stone,
3.2L. Cuntz. ‘

Capt. the Rev. A. M. Gordon has been
|} awarded the Military Cross and Capt. E. O.
Wheeler, who already had the M.C. has
been mentioned in despatches for the fourth
_ time for his work in Mesopotamia.

| ‘The following telegram was sent from the

3 American Alpine Club on the occasion of

4 their annual dinner in December last. <A

copy of the telegram

_ published herewith:

-. §.H. Mitchell,

J Secretary, Alpine Club of Canada,
Sidney, B. C.

We take pleasure in transmitting the
following minutes unanimously adopted by a
standing vote at the annual dinner of the
American Alpine Club. The members and
guests of the American Alpine Club assembled
in the city of New York, while affirming their
undivided allegiance to the United States,
desire to place on record their deep sympathy
_ with the English nation in the mighty struggle
_ for the liberties of mankind in which it and
Ke

in reply is also

of his experiences of Meteor-

ALPINE CLUB NOTES

Mr, ‘Jeffers, and well done, tone "

The Club has lost four memb
standing this year in Sir Sandford }
(Hon. President), Dean Robinson,
Stanley Jones and Mr, J. B. McLaren
fitting reference is made to this heavy I

of England those unspeakably great tradi, a
tions of freedom, of justice and of law, which! Ms
are the common inheritance from the mother — ;
nation of all the peoples of the English speak- i
ing world. To a struggle which involves theta aq
inheritance we cannot as individuals remain —
indifferent. We desire to place on record —
our deepest admiration of the heroism and —
self sacrifice shown by England and its —
Allies, to express our absolute confidence
that such heroism and self sacrifices insure _ i
the ultimate triumph of justice and the
continuance of the freedom of the world, and
to assure our brethren of The Alpine Club ©
and of The Alpine Club of Canada of our “deep
and heartfelt sympathy in this hour of their
suffering and splendid self sacrifice in the
cause of mankind.

Charles E. Fay, President.
R. H. Chapman, Secretary.

Sidney, B. C., Jan. 1, 1917. i
R. H. Chapman, . oy
Secretary, American Alpine Club,
2029 Q St., Washington, D. C.

The Alpine Club of Canada very deeply
appreciated the splendid resolution of sym-
pathy with the English nation and its Allies Ol
adopted by the American Alpine Club at eae
their annual dinner on the thirtieth December.

We feel that the sentiments therein ex- bk
pressed, are worthy of the best traditions of 7
the great American nation, that they are sent i
in a most friendly spirit, and that they will
lend strength to our endeavours to carry the
war to a successful issue, thereby restoring
the rights of small nations and freeing them
from oppression and slavery.

Copies sent to all our sections.
Arthur O. Wheeler, Director.

S. H. Mitchell, Secretary.

The Vahcouver section of the Alpine Club
of Canada held a meeting at the University
of British Columbia on Saturday evening, the - i

3rd instant, when the Director of the Club, te
Mr. Wheeler, came to town for the gathering. ©

1160

Mr. Wheeler gave a short talk on the need
of keeping the Club up during war time, and
told something of its inception and aims as an
encouragement in keeping up the organization,
which had been formed by a great deal of
effort. He spoke particularly of the wish
expressed by the members who are serving at
the front, that the Club should not suspend
its activities, so that the ‘‘welcome home”
camp, which will be held in the vicinity of
Mtza Assiniboine, at the end of the war, will
be the most notable camp of its history.

Following the address, Mr. Frind showed a
number of very beautiful lantern slides of the
New Zealand Alps, and described some of his
climbs in that country with his guide, Conrad
Kain, in 1914.

The Vancouver section elected officers for
the ensuing year. The Chairman is Rev.
A. H. Sovereign, Secretary, Miss E. C. Smith,
1746 McDonald St., Vancouver.

Alpine Club members have regretted to
hear of the complete destruction by fire of the
buildings, photo store, drug store and movie
theatre of Bryon Harmon of Banff. Mr.
Harmon has been the official photographer of
the Alpine Club of Canada for some years and
his mountain scenes convey the spirit of the
mountains with remarkable fidelity. Byron
Harmon has never been satisfied with the
second best but has considered no effort too

CANADIAN

The fish annually consumed in Canada
is valued at approximately $15,000,000 at
points of production, but is estimated to
cost the consuming public about $45,000,000;
in other words, the cost of distribution is
twice as great as that of primary production.
The foregoing is one of the most important
conclusions resulting frem a special investiga-
tion held last spring by the Marine and Fish-
eries Committee of the House of Commons
into the discrepancy between the price of
fish at the places of production and that
charged on the interior markets. ;

It has long been recognized that Canada’s
fisheries are among the most fertile and ex-
tensive in the world. The per capita con-
sumption of fish by Canadians, however, is
extremely low, a fact which is explained by
the failure, heretofore, to make the products
of our fisheries available to the great centres:

real picture to convey the meaning and tn
character of the mountain scene which he _
wished to secure. Many club members will
recall seeing him many times with a huge
load strapped on his back climbing in most
out of the way places, places to reach which
called for considerable skill and daring on the
part of the photographer. Fortunately Mr.
Harmon’s negatives were stored in a fireproof
building so that he will be able to print off
any desired. Re-building operations, we
believe, will be begun in the spring, a new
workroom being already under way.

On New Year’s Day an appeal was sent to
members of the Alpine Club of Canada asking
for contributions to a fund for sending tobacco
to Canadian soldiers at the front. All who -
have fighting friends know how greatly a
smoke is appreciated in the discomfort and
misery of the trenches. In consideration of
how much every member is already doing for
war funds the response has been most gratify-
ing. Subscriptions have been received not
only from all parts of Canada, but also from ~
England, France and the United States. 3

A draft for over two hundred and thirty
dollars has been sent to the Overseas Club
in England which will send out the parcels.

A double sized parcel will be sent having a
card enclosed expressing the good wishes of
the Alpine Club of Canada.

FISHERIES

of population at moderate cost. During the
present century, there has been practically
no increase in the actual food output of our
fisheries. but in’ the same period the value
of the annual production has advanced very
rapidly. The increase in value from year
to year has been commonly regarded as
indicating creased production. In reality
it has been almost, if not entirely, a icin
of the rise in prices.

The committee which investigated the —
discrepancy of prices and the problem of
securing better marketing facilities has em- —
phasized, especially, the necessity for im-
proved transportation service, and for educa- —
tion of the public with respect to the food
values of fish. These steps are essential if
the possession of fertile fisheries is to be o
more substantial advantage to the Car
people.

TOURNAMENT &DATES.

April 6th and 7th, Two-Day Registered Shoot of
the Hamilton Gun Club, Hamilton, Ont.
Mi Two-day Registered Tournament. Program will
consist of 200 ees and an optional sweep o: 25
birds each day. . A. Wilson, Secretary, 20 Fair-

holt Rd., South, Hamilton, Ont.

CREEKSIDE GUNNERS.

Jimmy Colburn easily led a field of twenty-five
soar at the Creekside’s weekly shoot, on Saturday,
an. 20th, at which some exceptionally good scores
were made. The club handicap of four weeks’ duration
finished on Saturday, Wm. Curzon winning first hon-
ors with 98 out of 100. Wm. La Cornu, 96; N. S.
Maguire, 95, and Ned Elliott, 94, won the other three
prises in the order named, while President E. S.

rowne took high-gun honors. A. Tomlin of Pikes
was a visitor. The scores:—

H. Cooey, 124-105; J. Colburn, 100-91; E. S. Browne,
73-57; R. Christie, 40-29; N. S. Maguire, 65-41; J.
Harrison, 55-46; A. Hindley, 53-37; W. La Cornu,
50-35; W. Curzon, 62-50; N. Elliott, 54-42; E. Elliott,
48-40; H. Briggs, 35-23: H. White, 45-19; J. Allward,
20-11; A. Tomlin, 87-67; H. Peterman, 76-49; Ted
Brown, 20-10; A. Everton, 40-26; F. Edwards, 39-28;
J. Crang, 30-15; Ed. Brown, 25-21 A. Spiller 25-17;
F. Currie, 25-15 ‘Casey’ Curzon 40-30; Joseph
Lapronge, 75-39.

Vice-President Won at Creekside Club.

The annual president and vice-president match of
the Creekside Gun Club was shot on Saturday after-
noon, Feb. 3, the _ vice-president winning with
a score of 179 against 163. Jim Colborne won the
special prize with a 25 straight. In the colored bird
event N. Elliott showed the way with 110 points.

The scores:— Shot at. Broke.
E. S. Brown 2 65 33
W. Edwards 125 89
F. Curzon 58 40
N. Elliott 61 46
J. Colborne 108 88
H. Cooey . she BAI Ee 86
Seb SR a eee 50 31
As MEARE eS oe ce cpt oy sazseckas 50 36

RB: Christie ic vik scdeousaee ae 24
E. Robertson ........... 14
d=. GUPZOWM sncsoere cs
EX Eiiottrencccce 38
F. Edwards.........:::.: 28
J. FA@UrISOM. slate: 25
- C. B. Harrison 52
Pe Cuan ia. 29
H, Briggs 30.22. 27
Acct Spillers esis 10
‘Ay Hindley (2 275. Pa eee ee ee ee 14

The Creekside Gun Club went into the lead of the
Toronto Interurban Trapshooters’ League by virtue
of its defeat of the Nationals on the north end grounds
on Saturday afternoon, Feb. 17th, under ideal wea-
ther conditions. The victors’ score of 217 represents
the league’s high team total of the season. The scores
of the representative teams _were:—Creekside—J.
Harrison, 23; Eli Elliott, 23; F. Curzon, 23; ca
22; Colborne, 22; E. S. Brown, 22; Christie, 21; W.
Edwards, 21; E. Brown, 20; N. Elliott, 20. Total,
217. Nationals—Vivian, 23; Murphy, 22; C. B.
Harrison, 22; Col. Curran, 22; Dr. Jordan, 20; Ussher,
20; Wallace, 19; Turner, sen., 18; Stauffer, 18. Total,
205. Some remarkable shooting was done during the
afternoon, the scores of J. Jennings, Murphy, J. Harri-
son, Cooey and Colborne being especially meritorious.
The league’s secretary has no excuses. The scores:—

Shot at. Broke.
145

EB GOD EY anh retee oo accks a peices eae 160

YS OT 61 UL pee ei ele. Ra ae a ne 128 119
OPE TATERELOO Ss cot tes ete aE ey ene os ee Lee 103 96
ECHR OUSOTNIG LARS or ol a Weaict a nkadeccsieas scoters 127 105
CS ETOITIBOR Geen Soa noe eeren eee 7 54
IN ee wards ce ea oe se ie ee 74 54
2 Hg te 10S cgi eas rage ee, LORE AOA Soke oy Oh AA 25 18
ects? 6 Oss. te) ba Pee ea 42 40
Hi Gockalne re oe en Be ae Mee ee 20 21
LNG SU fy tes Roe eae te a aa RS Re 94 37
2) SET PET ee Ey PTR eee ee ate 45 25
Pe EST) = 101g oe re oe AEC Rh Ot 50 22
PUI TOI Cro Chane enn cpeasor coabas ckeas ot 35 20
DEAN GROAN sees, pce 58 50
PLES SMED tere eee ids naccte case kh sabavtiae 35 27
Bere i eee eR 45 20
APOE LPC 615) es) ni ee a 46 31
ID MWekvenwortn:. Sect 5 et es Se 35 20
EP ESELORNEOSS oc.» Orb csict can costak codecs oatieaniee 45 31
(PEA AS CUR Re ein Ree Peal: atten aes oe BENE pe a b 25 23
Bh Biliott ie): i.: 63 55
Suistawiers.... 5... 45 36
FB riges es. ack 45 25
PaO Ree SOT eho a. ocean eeceuan car bnaattbectnet ees 57 36
A. Spiller......... 25 16
G. Wallace ......... 45 33
E. S. Browne .... 46 38
J: 45 23
H 35 21
Ce 35 29
F. 25 23
N. 45 32
Col. Curran ....... 64 52
Ed. Brown ......... 35 27
A. Hindley ......... 25 11
C. Jennings......... 35 19
F. Anderson ... 45 23
BRAG HISLIE hi. 3-2 25 21
Corp Soren s\.;. stots 25 10
op Wirtehelsts 275 eb ee cess pera Lt 4
Bidt Hart cee ence 25 15
el Rvertone, fact wseces se 30 18
W. Taylor.....:..... 25 20
Jordan, Jr. 0000s. 20 10
> iH AG Sa 915 1 a ee ee Un an PE 50 25
“Casey”? Curzon 50 12
A Be @igher oi, eres care seer teas be mec 25 11

NATIONAL GUN CLUB.

J. Staffer and S. Brown turned in the best scores of
the National’s weekly shoot on Saturday afternoon,
Jan. 20. George Dunk, the veteran professional of the
Dominion Cartridge Company, paid the club a friendly
visit. The scores:—J. Turner, jun. 70-57; S. Brown,

1161

My . .
pal

115-102; J. Dunbar, 65-36: J. Staffer, 55-51; Geo. Dunk, _

75: Col. Curran, 55-41; Geo. Wallace, 65-48; J.
ee ately And 35-23; Waterworth, 45-32; Coath, 55-45;
Muckle, 10-8; W. Dunbar, 10-8; Anderson, 70-41;

‘ Jennings,45-37; H. C. Clarke, 25-19.
oe (The first number indicates those shot at, the
second number those broken.)
f W 4 National Gun Club.
ae Despite a high and tricky wind, some good scores
), were made at the National’s weekly shoot on Sat-
ta urday, Feb. 10th. J. Murphy was again high gun.
i The scores:—
as ris ar
line SMRSENESTRCASS SP, 08.3) ven ccaccdest pis tiiube rasan ede scenes 5 2
ae J. Dunbar...... ; 50 20
aes J. Turner, Jr. Bai 0) 33
Bet METRES OT Ac ys su ctas ack cstersses neces s sretasane 55 42
METS IVARICDDY, os... ess acssseensernsesosensestonceneenses 50 46
nai MRUMBSETRCL ADL. 9.(. (gfe 55 oop) dors fabs ncen dos Sacbd odargn cee 35 27
ei ye TSAI RD i era Bt Se ae ee 35 27
ay MUI Bs ST OLO ANY 2.5 55 nis dsraesveacacnveerents 35 15
rare. SUMPMIANEISLET: (its 8h cy Aicansnc oe oath dy hued 45 41
ae OV GAS TE Roe oS EES Ao 35 31
Le NTR IT TEST cis. Bs oss hscecetacseecaeomb aa ated 10 8
4 oy
<3 is Mimico Gun Club Defeat the Nationals.
< | In the Toronto Interurban Trapshooters’ League

the Mimico Gun Club defeated the Nationals on the

ce former’s grounds on Saturday afternoon, Feb. 3, by

—s a score of 212 to 182, thereby creating a tie between

ais the three clubs of the organization. The shooters,

whose scores represented their clubs in the pee

‘fog event, were: Mimico—Anstec 25, Hughes 22, Dr.

oa Serson 21, Winter 21, Jull 21, Draw 21, Bowman 21,
ae Bedwell 20, Harrison 20, Leedham 20,. Nationals—
ee Murphy 23, Anderson 20, Beare 19, Turner 18, Wal-

; ace 18, Coath 18, Harrison 17, Stauffer 17, Rowe 16
Col. Curran 16. Despite the high wind some fine
scores were made, Murphy particularly, showing to
advantage. The scores of the day’s shoot were:—

SUMP TRESTD TAS, Soeis os 3 5c 6s- 25 ccissaccsesnscacncvsontteaccees
MORRO ALE) S05. fc cists sasiccenestacouessccrsneceseepesse> 35 32
PEMMRTIEAIEN OY 2) vo c-c<50-8<.020-chpntd spook suensat qaeness 45 27
RAL US GVer 2) 1 Sa Ee 74 56
EEL LERCE RAY gS II a ea a Pe 50 33
CRE ere Cet ST eee ee Oe 49 30
NETIC OU re se se ccaseskiseeesuastenaasttey 25 14
BNR RT NDE ATs eects eins uate teen joncacespesecacees 35 20
HPCC AID tha oe ccs denen scene seecre ane 35 18
Ge ennings ...43;...; Bee ie eet! 60 30
AIEEE T Pe tes oa eso ness enakedsostescsecsveeas 35 24
MRM MING CVE ID 0 e 8c Uesvacceesadsecenecetecguedatane 25 18
F. S. Anderson ............ 60 46
Par. eTSOD. ..34........ 53 44
W. Bedwell .... 95 ae
E. Salisbury 65 37
i 42
i 44
50
57
81
68
21
30
33
10
43
19
21
21
18
62

aie!

Mimico Beach Cunners.

i The Mimico Beach Gun Club held its regular weekly
£ Sif shoot on Saturday afternoon, Feb. 17th

The following were the scores Mir ahs ea

MEL ERRATA SEs, hiss. veces cout cc Reoea aes pe von Se 50 24
PRM R Arras TIG VST Ooooh i acctugacs chased hecsrswadccous 50 44
CEST EE Re OO 2 te Rae A 60 21
ou Peper y ice ween OL, Sec ON) 5 ore ay ey
RemmraTe meg va iis fe LY CT
MMe D SH Po esc s Laka calircedvad tenes scueyeuckasens 25 22
See Th i Eaten ee ee aa 85 68
CECA A OE ae a ear Semen eas Corot a 45 27
MAREE RCUNIREAID tte oso ce coo Sued ven detns eceubseracterees 30 20
DURST EE) Ca a ISS ieee Serge Perea aes oe 30 9
RRS CORTE eet oe A ieee ee 20 14
DEESRISER TRU A ce ee NN aul tee cand 50 34
TREC by A RI Se aaa sa ee og 25 19

js J H AE) ; y re

Mimico Club S

The Mimico Gun Club held its
urday, February 17th, with the cer

Balmy Beach Clu

b.

The regular weekly shoot of the BalmyfBeach Gun
Club was held, as usual, on their grounds, Eastern
Avenue, on Feb. 3rd. A very good turnout of mem-
bers and friends were on hand and some good scores
were made. R. C. Harris was high in the spoon shoot.
On account of the high wind and the cold the final
shoot in the Harris. Cup was left over till the follow-

ing week. The results:— Shot at. Broke.
ReiG Barris lik Geena aera 55 43
TAD McGaw istatn see eee 65 54
FB SWabby) ir oe er te eee 65 4
TT. ERS lod gsomhe neice a Anes 75 53 ©
GOIN; Gandee Sikh tase res Dee 75™ 46
Wc (uansingh sc leet nnen ce eee 5 29
BSS Foster L000 io 2: su acer seein 35 221 94
G. N. 75 48
W. F. 45 28
R. O. 75 56
G. H 65 44
J. W. 45 31
CoG Knott yer ae eh eee 35 23

The regular weekly shoot of the Balmy Beach Gun
Club was held on their grounds, Eastern Avenue, on
Saturday, Feb. 17th. A good turn-out of mem
and friends was on hand and some good scores were
made. In the Spoon event R. O. Ford was high ana
in the special event at 18 yards Candee, jr., and Boothe.

were high.
Shot at. Broke

RAD. MicGawik ie ance tence 70 58
G.UNe Gandeex, 22 ee hae 70 59
TE. \ FOGRSONG cee ee ei ee 110 91 |
GwNs Candee yrs, ote as eee 70 56
WB iiodgsoni ee oh eames 110 94°
AS AG Tarn yee er ae ot eee ae 70_ 54
FRY Qe ROrd ie eaysrid ba piceccscetenecucauteeeestrgenes 115 98
Re Caltarris..2. 00. Gu ssh see send 110 45
Wi. Sa ansinigy th. ire eae eee 47
J. ERs rim blesses 0 ieee A ea 60 45
YT VEN OH OF 52 ak Beart eh gk Vy Pi oe 60 48
A. V. Trimble..... 60 42
G. H. Hunter 110
T. Wibby 30 14
< 15 Pox. 120 96

. Laidlaw. 14
W. H. Bank 45 29
R. Ryder...... 45 28
D. Burrow 45 26
E. C. Cromp 70 62
P. J. Boothe... 60 54
H. Wase ......... 70 58
TS. (Statekc 25), Ws NGO ear als eae oe eee 20 8
J. Ed Murphy oo ener Se een 62 42
Ps Lewis 20.0) cM 0 gee eal eae 50 36
DD Frames s..c.ig:o ieee ee 50 42

PORT STANLEY GUN CLUB

The fourth annual meeting of the Port Stanley
Gun Club was held at their Club House, when the
following officers were elected for the year 1917:—

President—Arthur Glover.

Vice-President—Chas. Hough.

Manager—Harry Moore.

Field Captain—Eliza Cary.

Instructor—Wm. Hindley. ;

Secretary and Treasurer—C. A. Cromwell. ‘

At the close of the meeting the Club put on a shoot 4

for prizes. _
The following are the scores:
First Event at 25 Targets.

ve ey ae OS

notte weeee

re
a g 14
N 19
Ieee cee Feces SAU eek deeds ckadiwabasesane 11
A. Glover 24
W. Hindley 18
=) 21
¢ F. Young 20

JOSLIN WAS STANLEY’S BEST.

The Stanley Gun Club on Saturday, Jan. 20th held
“their usual weekly shoot on their club grounds. Mr.
Joslin was high man for the day, breaking 84 out of
95, including a straight of 25. The following were the
scores :—

Vivian, 75-69: Hughes, 100-67 Joslin, 95-4 Scheibe,
50-40; Britnell, 10-6 Hogarth, 75-62; M Matin, 75-67;
Hooey, 65-52; Smith, 25-14; Lewis, 10-6.

The all-round club championship for the Stanley
Gun Club was held on Saturday afternoon, February
17th. The match was for 50 targets, 30 singles in
three events of ten each and 10 pairs of doubles, auto-
matic distance handicap. A. Tomlin was the winner,
breaking 39, being closely followed by Hogarth and
Hulme, each breaking 37.

The following were thes cores in the regular event:—

ieee eal

/ ; Jordan Gun Club.

The Jordan Gun Club held their annual meeting
and election of officers for the year 1917 on Saturday
Jan. 20th. Those elected to fill the several offices
were:

President—M. Honsberger.

Vice-President—Jesse Spence. a

Secretary-Treasurer—H. W. Hunsberry.

Captain—Walt Moyer. c

} After the meeting those present held an informal
‘shoot and judging by the way the ‘“‘boys’’ were smash-
ing the clays, they have not forgotten how to point
the guns since last season. As one veteran of the
sport remarked: “If those clay birds were Germans,
they would not last as long as a snowball in h “a

Those shooting and their scores were as follows:
Saet at. Bas

UD CSE SE CSD SE RRR Ore
We eaonsberger ...2..:....2.....5-. 60 50
ies Elansberry. 222... 50 48
SSL SN 50 43
P. Wismer ......... 450 40
J. Spence 50 38
Wi reroup...<.....:. 50 37
BB BOOS: «......... 30 25
1G) 30 23
ay. P. Moyer..... 10 8
E. Honsberger... : 10 6
_§S. Chapple......... wnt 1 5
COSC 2 10 4

The Jordan Gun Club held the second shoot of the
inter series on pene January 27. ,

large crowd was in attendance and
afternoon’s sport, notwithstanding the

conditions which prevailed.
Those shooting and their

Wee 5
scores were as follo

Win} Bartlett fc eo
‘Wey INiehoison.coe vas ee
D. Southward

BLs usher a. 2 ttc .ctee natvir ee ee 40
Walt: (Bartlett, 00) 20872 ee 40
AS ebnicke iio Aso ee ee 30
Ss Wiser! ots aed cue. eee ee 20
JASpencew.. Le ENR AS £19 10
ewiGhapple Qe erin. tee Cree ee 10

The Jordan Gun Club held the fourth shoot of the
Winter series on Saturday, February 10th. Fifteen
shooters braved the zero weather and regardless of
the high wind, which made the flying clays do be"
kinds of fancy stunts, turned in some good scores.

_The shooters in the novice class are coming along
nicely and will soon make some of the ‘old boys
step lively. “te

Those shooting and their scores were as follows:—
er at. Broke.

;

H. W. Hunsherry 45
IP. Waismer 2,2 25s. a ees 50 44 ;
DUP rice est. ciey en bee 50 41
M. Honsberger .............. Lite 50 40
TAS SWWASDIER S50 oe eet ane 50 40
W oMoyeriie et 2 ne soe, ate 50 40
eispence 2 ee Ae 50 35
We partiertnc.! 2c. 2. 4 tee 50 30
Walt PBartlett.(2e' =) Gea 50 29
We hINicholsonin. ct. et eee ee ee 50 yi!
ICs Culp ye en 0 ee oe oe Cee 40 25
F. 40 25 ae
A. ~ 40 17
BPG SOLS gor Sele ae 30 24
Seysouthwards a) oe eh. ee 30 14

KLEIN AND BINKLEY HANDICAP HELD Py.
ON SATURDAY. ; oS

The first event of the Klein & Binkley handicap was te
the feature at the Hamilton Gun club on Saturday a
afternoon, Jan. 20th, and there was a large entry
A. Bates, from 20 yards, and D. Konkle, from 18 yards, i
made a good start by putting on perfect scores of 25 ;
each. M. Goodale, W. Marshall and Nelson Long hed

3 each.- Bates and Konkle also tied for the spoon, but
for the high afternoon score in this event and on the
s oot-off the former won out with 23 against 20.

C. Graham, with a score of 22, retained the challenge
medal as the challenger, H. Lennox, was unsuccessful :
with 21. N. Low C. Syer and E. Harris have put eo
challenges in, so that the holder of this emblem has a <
busy time ahead. :

A Bates had the high total of the afternoon with 69

out of 65, and certainly in splendid form. N. Long

ot 77 out of 85, H. Lennox 90 out of 100, and W.
arshall 126 out f 140.

The members of the club and their wives were invited
to attend te lecture given by J. Miner at _ the
Royal Connaught hotel on the follewing two da
th'ough the courtesy of the Canadian National Cla
Products association. The lecture to be illustr te
by moving pictures of the birds and animals.

The club is now a member of the American Amateur
Trapshooters’ association, and Messrs. Hunter and
Graham have started to shoot for the A.A.T.A. 75
per cent. proficiency medal. The medals are divided
into five platens from 75 to 95 per cent., and a con-
testant has to win the lowest medal before he can
compete for the next higher one and so on. Contest-
ants have to shoot at 500 birds or more until they have
broken the average required, so it means each medal
contest will extend over quite a period, which will make
this new departure al! the more interesting.

The scores were:

Shot

at

J. Panter se 2 ho 65
CSS VEE ia ised ee a! 85
Bi Smyth ¢ 65
Wil anniek ec tek ; 50
M. Goodale 75

A. Smyth.......... Se pahes 25 16
PPB YES ©... is.sc0ccecceness we
a 25 50 45

Hamilton Gun Club.

The scores were very good at the Hamilton Gun
Club on Saturday, Feb. 17th, pnp pers the high
wind which prevailed _and made the clay birds quite
difficult to follow. The second event of the Klein
& Binkley handicap was postponed two weeks before
on account of the severe weather conditions and this
event, together with the third one, was shot off. A.
Bates, by putting on 44 out of 50, jumped into the lead
with 69 in the handicap. M. E. Fletcher turned in
46, which gave him second place with 67, and at the
same time won the club spoon for the high afternoon
score.

E. H. Sturt, scored 43 and Myles Goodale 42, which
tied them in third place with 65.

M. E. Fletcher had the high total of the afternoon
with 68 out of 75. E.H. Sturt was next with 87 out
of 100, while A. Bates got 65 out of 75.

Total.
S.A. Broke
75 57
100 74
125 102
125 101
100 30
100 87
75 52
75 48
100 80
75 60
75 58
75 68
125 83
75 65
75 54
75 53
70 55
75 55
75 61
25 16
25 15
50 35
25 16
Stee, 75 47
12 URS Cae ee ee 56 75 5S
J BT I ee eee Laks

25 15

There will be ten events of twenty birds each day,
together with an optional sweep of twenty-five birds,
at the Hamilton Gun Club Two-day Tournament
April 6th and 7th. There will be $100.00 guaranteed
with surplus added which will be divided high guns
each day according to schedule:

31 to 40 entries—12 divisions.

41 to 50 entries—15 divisions.

51 to 60 entries—18 divisions.

51 to 70 entries—21 divisions. é
bine entry for each day will be $5.00 (includes clay

Coon Road Gun Club
The Coon Road Gun Club, Southwold, Ont., held
a splendid shoot at the opening event for this new

TRADE

Messrs. Parker Bros., the well-known gun makers
of Meriden, " Singl are now B hag Se to take orders

for their new Si

of these guns, which

without extra cost.

e Barrel
_weigh between 744 and 844
pounds, are made of high tensile strength steel of the
finest quality. The stock and fore end are of finely
figured walnut, the stock will be made to customer’s
specifications and fore end will be made to suit cus-
tomers’ requirements within reason
‘ Messrs. Parker Bros. have issued
a circular giving particulars and price of this gun..,
also an illustration of it which they will be pleased
to furnish prospective gun buyers.

iF 7. £0) J pn i'l
club, and everything went |
of the club is assured. Oe

There were about 50 people at the ground
of them L pareipsted in the events. In all some’
more valuable A Prey were put up, and these ¥ }
keenly contested for. t it oa) San

A large crowd from St. Thomas, Fingal, Port Stan- —
ey and surrounding country participated and F)
scores were good considering the unfavorable weather

_ The most interesting event was the shooting off a
tie between E. Glasgow and Charles Hough, the
former coming off victorious. Good prizes were given —
consisting of apples, chickens, beans, dry goods, cigars,
pipes, etc. ie

The main event was a 25-bird event, but several
other events created almost as much interest, and —
certainly as keen competition. The scores in the

”

25-bird event were: :
F. F ‘ ey i .
MOY 5-1 0-311: 1) | Oe ee PTR ys ’
Ee, GAS gO Wiisisisessaseatsnrvsscncaretecn ich eup steers teenies 11 .6. 95 }
Gilmore. hi icc hc isilesdescesettevenouel beeen 11380, 19
GAPE yn sic. sos cckeccdeiecvandeeh caslcadeeuteetuns xe eee ae 16:42:7°20 |
Js) MOURLOC osc. oo, hiasie Betas vss enias epee 18 4.22 12
Palm tasis ccs sonics} ssecevdertscseicaetle rule peepee nea 10-7. 17
Clatterbrick (2.5.2.5 ci cccilten tii ecteci teenie 20 -2 .22
Overholt ii a ae inc 12 618
ING Wr UNA AT ois Sbscaipsasenat ooucbsaneeccsadeeencet tenn irnaeelna 1k 8 FF
BING SON 225 82 an ncclce apse ee 14 4/38 4
C. Munroe 17- 402288
5 18
A aT
oy. 16%
ek YA.
5 TS
- 22
P Wap 4 f
- 23
4 22
1) 2
Second Event at 25 Targets. :
Bee Weta e285 Mok causa de ccb shee dusaeenadsb dees seeaeeieleaneeaaa ann 20
N. Camel o.i53.55565 ih Gccvcernaesess oe eee 11
EB... Gareyt. cna ituhaeceonirtere ee aeceeed adele 22
AY. Glove rnc jcececsc hicks cthde vaccchtaoscte eo ee eee 23
MI CCA nice oaoiicsecacecsctescaoseeecetanceucedevaceseUastyniapesalaeen aaeneanamn 19

Elgin Co. Championship Shoot
Some good scores were made at the third annual
Elgin Co. Championship shoot at 100 targets, Eliza —
L. Carey last year winner, won the honor again this
ear by breaking 99 out of 100. He also made the

one run of 81. The score: ome
Shoot at 100 targets, L. Carey, 99; R. Day, 83;
McCallum, 82; Mannix, 86; McCance, 78; Hindley ~
80; F. Young 75; Glover 90. j

Shoot at 50 targets, Cromwell 33, Dunn 35, Hough ©
33, Guest 46, Moore 43, Campbell 23.

Shoot at 25 targets, Newman 13, Binns 19, Clater-
buck 15. Link 17, Brown 18, Smith 19, Glover 24. —

In December 58 medals were awarded the prom-
inent trapshooters throughout the United States and —
Canada in the medal contests conducted by the Am-
erican Amateur Trapshooters’ Association. Seven
shooters qualified for the second highest award, the ©
gold medal conferred for an average of 90 per cent. ©
or better in the target race. The high gun in this —
class was W. H. Gooderham of Toronto who made
the score of 953 x 1000. fet
_ Among the Canadian shooters to quali:y by break- —
ing 80 per cent. in the 500 target competition was
T. D. McGaw, Toronto, his score being 437, and H. —
E. Scholefield, Clarkson 431. oe

The Hamilton Gun Club, D. A. Wilson, Secretary,
was among the clubs recently admitted to the A.A.T.A_
and given the privilege of holding shoots under the

auspices of the National Organization.

NOTES

rap Gun. The barrels

able limits, and

It is our intention to make this Kennel Department bigger and better than ever; more
interesting and instructive to the owners of dogs and more interesting to breeders as an ad-
vertising medium. As Rod and Gun has a good circulation from coast to coast as well as in
many of the States, and reaches that class ot red-blooded sportsmen who admire a good dog,
breeders will find these pages particularly effective in disposing of their stock. List your
kennels in these columns and take advantage of this active market.

BEAR HUNTING WITH DOGS

C. Cops

E left Kalispell for our spring bear hunt

on April 15th, going by auto to the foot

of Swan Lake and up the lake ona
gasoline launch, arriving at the head of the
lake at about 1 p.m. From here we hit the
trail with packs on our backs and the dogs
carrying from fifteen to twenty-five pounds
each, headed to where we had cached our
stuff which we had taken in with the dogs on
the sled in February. There had been a
great change in things since we were in and
cached our grubsteak as the trails were now
in very good shape excepting that the creeks
were overflowing and hard to cross. It took
us two days to reach our head camp and the
next day was spent in building tables, chairs
and bough beds and fixing camp in general
for a month’s stay. On the 19th we started
out to look for bear signs, going up Goat
Creek and crossing the ridge into Squeezer
Creek, and up this creek to the divide be-
tween Swan River and the south fork of the
Flathead. The latter part of the climb we
encountered much snow which was too soft
to be good going as we had no snow shoes.
It took until nearly 9 p.m. to reach the sum-
mit, at least fifteen miles from where we had
left in the morning. We had not left camp
with the intention of staying out so had no
provisions, but just before reaching the sum-
mit we flushed a blue grouse and knowing
we were going to stay out all night shot the
head off and roasted her over a rousing camp-

fire. She tasted good, even if we did have
no salt. For a drink we melted snow in a
cup. We kept a small quantity of the breast
of the bird for lunch the next morning and
had it with hot water for breakfast—not a
very heavy meal when there is fifteen miles
to be covered and nothing more in sight to
eat and at least a 6,000 foot descent to make,
but we knew it had to do, so hit the trail—
or hit the snow and ledges, as there was no
trail. Just as we were about out of the snow
we came onto the tracks of a very large grizzly,
made probably two days earlier. As the
tracks were so old we never tried the dogs,
but kept dropping down the hill towards
camp. Below snow line in a clump of thick
brush where there was a sheltered nook there
was a small patch of snow and on this snow
the tracks of a lion and her two cubs were
visible. As the tracks were made the day
before I put my finger to the track and called
my lead hound, Ranger, to notice. He had
no sooner dropped his nose in the track when
he let out one of those yells that only a fox
hound can utter, and the two hounds and
four Airedales were all off in hot pursuit.
They went nearly straight down the hill and
the way their notes came up that mountain
can only be appreciated by a lover of the
chase. We followed as best we could and
had not gone far when Doc, the fastest hound,
barked up. Brother fox hunter, you know
what it is to hear the dogs going across a ridge

1165

bi haa

a

2

| a ee ee ee ee

1166

on a clear frosty night? That isn’t to be
compared to hearing a good tree dog calling
to his master that he has the game treed or
at bay. We were not in any hurry to get
there for fear of the game getting away or the
dogs coming back, as they were not the come-
back kind, but it’s second nature to get anx-

Im-
agine our surprise on reaching that yelling
pack to find up a scrubby tree three lions,
one old female and two kittens about as

ious and hurry when game is in sight.

large as a big angora cat. The old one was
a ful grown lioness and would weigh 140
pounds, not a real large one, but a trophy.
We were going to take the kits alive, but as
we had no rope or sacks we did not feel like
going to camp as we were nearly all in, so we
killed the three. After relieving them of
their coats we went our way rejoicing over our
second day’s hunt. We arrived in camp at
5 p.m. Tired? Oh, no, just hungry. We
stayed in camp for three days and cared for
the skins, resting the dogs and ourselves.
On the morning of the 23rd we started up
Soup Creek and into the head of Bunker
Creek, planning to camp under the trees this
time. We had provisions along and had only
gotten up the creek about three miles when
we crossed a large bear track, too old to turn
loose on, so we kept on climbing the pass.
Just as we reached the summit, right fresh
in the snow were the tracks of a black bear.
The dogs had already caught the scent and
wanted to go and were all pulling on their
couplings and hard to turn loose. Soon the
whole pack was off, the two hounds talking
at every jump and the Airedales letting their
yelps go as is the nature of the breed when
the track is hot. They went but a short way
when we heard the fight start and down the

»

age went the wuale pack at the oe yf
bruin. He did not stand the nipping of the g
Airedales long and soon treed. We were
not far behind and soon rolled him from his
perch with a 35 softnose. Although not a
large bear, he had a fine coat. Dropping
down into Bunker Creek we crossed the tracks

of two very large grizzlies which were too old
to bother with, so we made camp under a
very large spruce, where the snow was at
least six feet deep, depending on a fire to
sleep by, as to carry blankets over the moun-
tains is too much of a handicap when in a
hurry. If a person knows how, and has an
ax, which we always carried, it is very easy
to fix a leanto that will hold the heat and
this way sleep quite a little in short naps.
While taking one of these short naps I got
my wooden foot too close to the fire and as
there is no feeling in it I burned a $21 hunt-
ing boot to pieces in one place. Next morn-
ing we started back over the divide and be-
fore we had gone a mile found the tracks of a
large grizzly. Where he went down a-steep
incline on the snow he had sat down and
slid like a boy does. I passed the remark to
my partner that I wondered if that was as
hard on the seat of his pants as it used to be
on ours. We turned the dogs loose and they
were soon out of hearing. We followed but
soon went below snow and were at a loss to
follow farther as if we did we would be doom-
ed to stay out another night and we had no —
more provisions along so wanted to get in —

that night. The dogs all came back about —
7 p.m. so tired they could hardly eat their —
mush. The next day was rest day, but on —
the morning of the 25th the greatest day of —
the hunt we made for a rocky gulch wh
we got three bears in less than five h

. n the morning of Aprii 25, we started
out for a gulch that sure leoked like bear, be-
ing burnt over some years before and leaving
open sidehills where the grass was at least six
inches tall and very tender, which bears feed
on this time of the year. For the first two
miles the going was very poor as we had to
travel through laurel, yew brush and down
timber, and there was snow water coming
down the gulch and spreading out at the bot-
tom, which made the going wet as well as very
tangled, causing the dogs to tangle badly, as
I had the dogs coupled in twos until I turned
them loose. In going over windfalls where
they were small, one dog would invariably
try to go under, and thé other go over, and
» to get through this kind of a place with a pack
of dogs and not lose your temper, which

~ would never do with hunting dogs, if any
timid ones in the pack, is enough to make Job
swear. I am not saying whether I did the
latter or not. I leave that to be guessed at.

We had gotten up the first steep incline

and were on a table resting and looking the
country over, not for game but just looking,
when my partner saw across the gulch about

a mile away, an object moving on a bare grassy
spot below a snow slide. I soon had the
glasses on the spot and there right before my
eyes seemingly so close I believe I talked in a
whisper for fear I would scare the game, as I
was using a fine power Goerz giass, which I
believe is the best glass made, brought the
bear up to seemingly one hundred yards. I
gave my partner the glasses to satisfy him

of the sport we were sure going to have, and

as he watched the bear another one showed

up, which fairly took his breath away. We
were not long in making up our minds as to

the shortest way to get there and to get as
close as possible in order to make as short a
chase as possible, but not as if we were de-
pending on stalking the game for a shot be-
fore it saw us. We circled the side hill plan-
ning on coming down on the game, and after
about a half hour’s climbing over windfalls

we came out in sight of the place as cautious

as an Indian making a sneak on a settlement
in the ’70s, but in coming in view of the spot
where we had seen the bear, there was no
bear to be seen; but before we were within
fifty yards of the spot, Dock, the little hound,
threw up his head and sniffed the air and
then let out a bawl that tells any houndman
there is game not far off. We were soon at
the spot and the dogs all had their noses on
the ground. Here were the tracks where
they had been digging for tender roots, and
were not made five minutes before. We soon

;
nway

slipped the collars and the pack wa
cry going up hill instead of down as was
case that last chase, this time making f
the ledges above which meant lost as f
as the dogs are concerned, when a bear ge
into very rough cliffs. But he hadn’t started
soon enough and the dogs were on them in —
less than three minutes, and they did not
run more than half a mile until one treed.
When the dogs overtook them they separated,
one swung over a ridge and the whole. pack
kept after the one that had treed, letting
the other have the whole thing to himself,
and from the chase he cost us he made good
use of his start. We were not long getting
to the dogs at tree and seeing there was but
one bear we naturally were in some hurry
to get the dogs after the other bear, so we
wasted no time knocking him from his perch
and only let the dogs have a very short tug
at him until we were jerking his pelt off—
a very fine brown of about 200 weight. We
were in such a hurry for fear bear number two
would get so far we would not find the dogs,
that I never was guilty of such a job of skin-
ning which only took us about twenty min-
utes, and you that have done this job know
that skinning a bear isn’t like skinning a beef,
but more like that of a pig. We just swung
back on the back track and I told the dogs
to"go on which they did, and soon old Ranger
opened up right and all the rest chimed in.
Ranger’s voice is a deep bass and Dock’s a
sharp, clear ring, and the Airedales letting
their yeips sure made music which was a joy
to our ears. They soon left our hearing,
which was’ some disappointment, but we
kept bearing in the direction last heard and
kept climbing higher and it was for three
long hours we heard nothing of the dogs and
were wondering where they could have gone,
and talking about what an awful thing it
was to disappoint the dogs, when my partner
said, after being quiet for some time, “do
you hear dogs?,” I said “I believe I do”, and
he said, “I know I do”.

We worked higher and when we reached a-
hogsback and stopped to listen and get our
breath, we could hear the big hound which
told us the bear was still on the ground.
The ridge they had gone upcircled and made
a ridge between us and the dogs, so we could
not hear them more distinctly, but now we
could hear them going farther up the divide
before the bear decided to climb. He must
have been getting somewhat winded as my
partner said, listen, isn’t Dick barking treed?
I listened and sure enough he was letting
out his signal treed, and in a short time we

| ee ie rs ¢ ton Ps rane ‘ - PY whe ;
3 " a: x 1168 A t ; Sat : as v ( y LN. at ¢ IN| 4 \ t e 4
by ke = ; 4 We PEAS, a Woke Pt ph a
te : a aes Hs! Bas CEN gee ny ge Hae i
y TAN - ry : a2 TAP te.
a) could hear them all hatiog ae We were if you h ver tried bear
4 some time. | They have pigs feet

pretty well winded when we reached the
ca” tree and it was interesting to note the way
the dogs showed their joy over our approach.
a. They would run out to meet us when we

got within. a few yards of the tree, and jump
up and bark and then run at the tree. The

Airedales were trying to gnaw the tree down
dia and one bitch insisted she could climb the
et tree, while the hounds were content to sit

down and bark and await our coming.
Ree Jithin an hour we were ready to start
aa homeward, satisfied that we had done enough
SS for one day, it now being 2 p.m., but we had
me, just gotten to the bottom, going a different
rey route home than we had come, when one
eon of the Airedales all of a sudden got mighty
Saha excited and then all the dogs showed excite-

oY ment, and we didn’t know what was in the
= wind. We thought it might be a coyote as
orks the’ground was bare and covered with needles

aa andgbrush, but the dogs sure had blood in
Diya? their eye, so I said let’s turn them loose, if
tes it’s a coyote, as I couldn’t think it was, as
_-—~—_—s they =hhad never paid so much respect to a
--—sC coyote track before. I had barely got the
-— hounds uncollared when they set their music
going until the Airedales were crazy to go
and one slipped the collar and two got away
coupled, and not one‘hundred yards in the
brush the excitement started. I could hear the
bear blow his breath and bawl. He was on
the war path and didn’t care to run as he
never offered to run or climb, but backed up
against an upturned root of a large spruce,
and there made a final stand and was striking
first at one and then at another dog as they
would rush in and try to get a hold of his
_ bearship and get away without being hit.
- He had so little concern of our approach,
that he did not seem to see us at all. My
partner, who was using a 30-30, threw it up
and just as soon as there was a chance to
shoot and not hit a dog he pressed the trigger
and the bear melted like a beef shot in the
brain. Then the way the dogs closed in
and pulled and tugged at that bear wasn’t
slow. They pulled until their tongues hung
out and they were all in. The bear proved
WY, to be a very large brown bear, poorly furred,
__ but the head will make a beautiful wall mount
and the hide a good bedroom rug to get out
‘onto on a January morning. This was the
-. fattest bear we killed on the trip and we took
_ from the entrails and over the hips enough
_ fat to render a 10-pound pail full of grease,
which is far ahead of lard to fry and use
~ ___ for shortening in baking. We also took the
~ __ feet to camp attached to the hide, and say,

in every way. Also roasted bear is ag reat |

dish, which made one of the staple diets w eh
on this trip. After skinning we went on to. ej
camp and it was getting dark when we got in
that night, but pleased to think of the success —
we had all in one day’s hunt, as I have hunted —
for thirty days and never got a bear. It kept —
us busy all the next day fleshing the skins
and making stretching frames, but we got —
the skins all stretched in fine shape, and for
two days stayed in camp and rested the dogs
and were ready to go on the morning of the
29th, but we decided to try fishing and went
to where there was an old beaver dam, a
small creek running through it, the water —
being as clear as crystal. I could see clear —
to the bottom and see the beautiful speckled —
beauties lying there in good numbers. I
had some flies and a six foot leader with me
and soon had a rig fixed up and at the first DG
cast one of the largest made a pass at it and
I hooked him and in less than ten minutes I
had landed ten as fine trout as any one could
wish to see, when my partner said, ““‘Do you
want to catch them all? It isn’t fair when
you have them in a washtub to catch them
all.” The pond was only about thirty feet __
each way and about four feet deep, sol called
it a mess and quit. ;

The next day we hunted up Soup Creek ~
and for five days without success, andit began
to look as if our luck had changed, buton May
4th we struck another fresh track which was _
made by an old male bear, who gaye us the
longest chase of the lot, but ended as the rest
had done and went to camp with us, the hide
and the feet. This was the last bear weturn-
ed loose on, making in all five bear and three
lion we had got with the dogs, having turned _
the dogs loose on three others we did not get,
one of which I believe treed as the dogs were _
gone all night. ?

A most successful trip, was this, losing one dog, —
and none of the rest scarred up except minor —
scratches. For those thinking of a reat bear _
hunt, there is no place like the wilds of Mon- —
tana, where there is plenty of room and airsim

For your dog pack be sure and have two ©
or more good, sure trailers, and as many Aire-
dales as you can afford, to do the fighting. A
No pack is complete without both hounds an id
Airedales. I am a lover of Airedales and a
breeder of same, owning and operating
head Kennels, but I would just as soon le:
my gun at home as to go bear hunting with
out my hounds.— Kennel Review. —

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 1169

A Book EveryAngler
Dean Boats Should Have
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and boat accessories, also sample of
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PETERBOROUGH, - CANADA.

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a

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An Airedale That is A Winner.

It looks as if W. P. Conway of Rond Eau
Park, has all the Airedales beaten with
his Conway Maid. He has hunted her
for three years and her average find is fifty-
onecoons. This is in addition to skunk, mink
and other vermin. In locating coon, he says
she is a wonder and much ahead of any hound
he ever used. It may not be amiss to add
that for the first three months she was a
failure, but with careful handling and plenty
of game to work on, she soon made good
and money could not buy her.

Mr. Conway, having the hunting privilege
on ten miles of park, has had plenty of oppor-
tunities for testing her ability. She is also
at home in retrieving duck from water, but
for some reason will not work in the marsh.
He also reports that she ran down her first
red fox at Christmas. This bitch is also
very keen on deer but as deer hunting is
prohibited in the park, she is not allowed a
run. This bitch is top weight fifty pounds
and was bred at the Caerphilly Kennels.

Get our April number for a special report
and pictures of the “Big Show,” the West-
minster Show of New York, the biggest
annual dog show in America. Fifteen to
_ sixteen hundred dogs are usually entered
at this show, including dogs from all over
Canada and the United States and special
importations from England.

With the object of making Rod and Gun.

the leading Kennel News Magazine of Can-
ada, our Kennel editor is attending this show
and also the Philadelphia show the following
week. Later we will publish accounts of
the Detroit and Chicago shows, also a report
of Toronto’s big Spring show on Good Fri-
day, which will be followed by accounts of
other Canadian shows.

Money does buy a champion in Terrier
circles, occasionally, it would seem. Look
at Wire Boy or Paignton, Matford Vic, Raby
Then again look at
Tickle e’m Jock and Kenmare Sorceres, dogs
that were best of all breeds at Westminster
shows, yet they were picked up for almost
nothing, and Aman Gem, one of the best
Airedales in the country, was saved from
the pound in London, England. It is more
or less a lottery after all. Elbridge Gerry
Snow paid $1,500 for the Pekingese Chun
Chang of Alderbourne, but he has had sey-
eral reversals.—Ex.

The American Fancier and Stock Keeper,
Boston, which has heretofore been a com- _
bination of dog and poultry, has been split;
and the dogs will no longer be humiliated
by being bunched with a lot of chickens,
neither will the hens be annoyed by the prox-

imity of the dogs. Each will have its sep-
arate organ. Harry Lacy, who perhaps may
be dubbed as the dean of kennel paper editors
in America, will continue to conduct the dog
paper.

At last peace is in sight, after many, many
months of ill-feeling and unpleasantness,
existing in kennel affairs, throughout Winni-
peg and the west, owing chiefly to the forma-
tion of the Dominion Kennel Club, whose
claim was for better representation for West-
ern Canada, and whose headquarters were
at Winnipeg, and which had a good follow-
ing shows being held throughout the west
under D. K. C. rules, from Winnipeg to
Vancouver. Then came trouble. The Can-
adian Kennel Club would not recognize any
wins under D. K. C. rules; also” disqualifying
any person officiating under their rules. The
local kennel club known as the Western
Canada Club, gave their shows under D.K.C.
rules and consequently another local ciub
was formed and named The Winnipeg Kennel \
Club, which held shows under the C. K. C.
rules. So with two local clubs and two gov-
erning bodies, Winnipeg fanciers have cer- h
tainly had a rough time and many a good .
dog man has sickened and gone out of the
game, some for good, some till the trouble
was settled. The first get-together show was
held on New Years day, both the C. K. C.
and the D.K.C. members participating.
And now a letter has been received in Winni-
peg from the secretary of the Canadian Ken-
nel Club at Toronto bearing the information
that ail the disqualifications against Do-
minion Kennel Club officers had been lifted.
This means that these men who have been
under the ban of the parent body for so.
long will be free to show their doe: at the; @
C. K. C. shows. -¥

Judges for New York Dog Show.
Nine additional judges have been selected,
which completes the list for the Westminster —
Kennel Club’s annual bench show at Madi- ©
son Square Garden, February 20 to 23, in-
clusive. They include Wilham Faversham, —
the actor, who will take the Bull Terriers;

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

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and want them in your collection.

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Alice in Wonderland Anna Howard-
Harry Macdonough

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In The Sweet Long Ago Sterling Trio Homa

They’re Wearing Them Higher in Hawaii
pein } 18210 Me.

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My Waikiki Ukulele Girl Irving Kaufman Ligosne ; nie a
My Hawaiian Sunshine Campbell-Burr J 18202 BsnOR ay eee

The instrument by which

12-inch double-sided Victor Records all musical instruments

Poor Butterfly—Fox Trot are judged.
Victor Military Band |
Katinka—Medley Fox Trot 35605 .

Victor Military Band }

When The Sun Goes Down in Romany .

Victor Military Band :
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1172

Frank Walker, of London, England, for
Bulldogs, a breed in which he is pre-eminent
and which was last judged by him at the
Richmond (England) championship show,
and Mrs. F. Y. Mathis, for the Pekingese.
Mrs. Wm. W. Stevens, of New York, will
judge the Pugs. The other appointments are:
Great Danes, Paul C. Blass; Greyhounds,
Henry D. Whitefield; French Bulldogs, John
E. Haslan; Sporting Spaniels, William R.
Lowe, all well known New York experts, and
Charles D. Barney, of New Bedford, Mass.,
who will take the American Foxhounds. The
other judges are:

H. W. Lacy—Mastiffs, St. Bernards, New-
foundlands, Irish Wolfhounds, Scottish Deer-
hounds, Whippets, Poodles, Samoyedes, Box-
ers, Pinschers, Skye Terriers, Bedlington
Terriers, Toy Poodles, Maltese Terriers,
Chihuahuas and miscellaneous. Mrs. James
C. Hadley—Russian Wolfhounds. General
Sir James Gunning—English Foxhounds.
A. F. Hochwalt—Pointers, English and Gor-
don Setters, Retrievers and Sporting variety
classes. Alexander Glass—Irish Setters. Per-
cival L. Rosseau—Wire haired Pointing Grif-
fons. Paul H. Propfy—Dachshunds. Dr.
O. P. Bennett—Collies. Charles G. Hop-
ton—German Sheepdogs. George S. Thomas
—Old English Sheepdogs, Dalmatians, Dan-
die Dinmonts, Manchester Terriers, Schip-
perkes, Pomeranians, Yorkshire Terriers, Toy
Black and Tan Terriers, Brussels Griffons,
unclassified specials, non-sporting toys, Can-
adian and children’s. Mrs. Adnah Neyhart—

Chow Chows. William L. Barclay—Aire-
dale Terriers. Mrs. F. A. Dallen—Boston
Terriers. E. R. L. Hoskins—Fox Terriers,

Irish Terriers, Welsh Terriers and terrier
variety classes. Lady Savony—Sealyham
Terriers. William H. Mulford—Scottish Ter-
riers. Mrs. Clifford Harmon—West High-
land White Terriers. T. Earl Shieve—Toy
and Japanese Spaniels.

New Classes for New York Show.

Prize lists for the forty-first annual dog
show of the Westminster Kennel Club, to
be held at Madison Square Garden, from
February 20 to 23, inclusive, areout. A num-
ber of new classes will at once attract atten-
tion, for the oldest and premier club in Am-
erican dogdom has established several innova-
tions. The aggregate of the money prizes
is about $15,000, and the value of the special
prizes, which includes plate as well as cash,
will equal that sum.

Henry Payne Whitney has been elected
to the Board of Governors to succeed the

: at
inte Permpauat Ventrey: Tone. of tl
special classes is for the best team | ‘
Pointers, English or Irish Setters, to be sho
by members of the Pointer Club of America;
the English Setter Club of America, and + .
Irish Setter Club of America. The prize is —
the H. B. Duryea Memorial Cup, given by
his widow, and which will become the property
of the club showing the winning team.
Twenty-seven of the members have offered
cups, to be won outright. The list includes
the president’s cup, the gift of R. H. Williams,
for the best team entered in the regular classes,
and the vice-president’s cup, given by F.
R. Hitchcock, for the best brace under the
same conditions. The Westminster Kennel
Club offers $150 for the best pack of English
Foxhounds; also $150 for the best pack of
American Foxhounds, and $100 for the best
pack of Beagles. The packs will be judged
on Friday, February 23, which will be shown
as ‘“‘Hound Day,’’ and members and masters
of hunt clubs will wear their hunt uniforms
to celebrate the occasion. All classes for _
Foxhounds will be judged on that morning, ~
which will specialize the interest for the day _
to riders to Hounds. i
The new classifications are for graduate, 7
maiden, debutante and selling divisions, to ~
supplement the regular classes—the puppy,
novice, junior, limit, open and American- :
bred, with separate prizes for each sex. The
following are the conditions of the new classes:

*‘Graduates’ Class—For dogs that have
not won a first prize of the value of $10, or
over, in the regular classes at shows under
A.K.C.. rules; wins a puppy, novice, maiden,
bred by exhibitior and selling classes excepted. _

‘‘Maiden Classes—For dogs that have not —
won a prize in any class at any show under —
A.K.C. rules. a

never been exhibited at any show prior to —
the closing of entries for the present show. __

“Selling Classes—For dogs which are enter- —
ed to be sold at a price not exceeding the limit 4
named.” oa

The variety classes have been enlarged
and made more attractive by the addition of —
variety selling classes; also by two for dogs —
of any breed to be shown by children not —
over fifteen years in age. The changes in-
crease the number of variety classes fro
five to twelve. The regular variety class
are the “Sporting,’’ ‘“‘Non-Sporting,” “
rier,” ‘‘Toy,”? and ‘Open to All.” Thi
are also brace and team classes in eaeh bri
The usual division of prize money is $
the first, $10 as the second, $5 as the

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218 Hallam Building, TORONTO.

THE LARGEST IN OUR LINE IN CANADA,

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anda club silver read or ah weekeler
as fourth prize. There are four prizes in

_ the variety classes, of $20, $15, $5 and $3,

«Tt may be pleasant reading to the breeder
‘to know that there never was a better time
in Airedale history to secure top prices for
real good dogs. An Airedale that could

lower the colors of the leading dogs now in
--Yankee Land, which, by the way, are all im-
portations from Old England, would find a
- market in a few hours for several thousand
dollars, and this, too, through more than
one channel. With the Wire-haired Fox

ae Registering Beagles.
Editor, KENNEL DEPT.:—

“In regard to registering of beagles, where
do I apply for blanks. I am taking up the
breeding of beagles in a small way, as the
close season on quail makes my setters and
pointers a useless expense. Quail are very
plentiful around here this winter and so far
are coming through nicely.”

Yours truly,
J. McE.

Ans.—Apply for blanks to National Live
Brotock Records Dept., Dept. of Agriculture,
Ottawa, Ont. If you are registering many
hi dogs, I would advise your joining the C.K.C.
Band getting reduced rates. Apply Canadian
ef fon! Club, 774H Yonge St., Toronto.

res. No Duty on Pure Bred Dogs.
| Editor, KENNEL DEPT. :—
Would a hunting dog purchased from the
.: “United States be subject to duty if sent to
_ Canada?

oe : Yours truly,

Hazelton, B.C. fs ES,

TRADE

**A few days ago,”

men.

KENNEL QUERIES AND ANSWERS

-is there any cure for such a thing.

J. W. Downes of Grand Rapids, Mich. is
a firm believer in the Koban Outboard Motor.
he writes,
propelled by a Koban Outboard Motor,
towed in, after dark, the “Blitzen,” a twenty-
six foot launch, with a heavy 25 horse power
engine and loaded down with twenty pas-
sengers, and also with a trailer holding four
We hitched on at a place called “‘Boyn-
ton’s Landing” and actually towed this heavy
load up the current of Grand River.”

lis dgesint Oe ates, from East to
West.—W. J. Phillips, i in Our Dogs ke
oh “eee 2 '
That ever popular Wredate fancier, r, Wal it ter
Brown, has just caused a sensation in
dale circles in Winnipeg, having im ported :
of England’s best Airedales in Oakwell Mon- Be
arch. Monarch needs no puff, having ie
the boards at many of the leading shows ;
England, besides taking highest honors for
best in show, and has several “coat” certifi-*
cates to his credit. :

a
(

.

Ans.—There is no duty on pure bred dogs. —
A certificate and pedigree of at least three —
generations of pure breeding should accom- —
pany the dog. Have the vendor register the
dog in the American Kennel Club before you |
take him and you will be safe.

Osteopathy for Dogs. ;

Editor, KENNEL DEPT.:— a! &

I have a pure bred American fox hound —

dog, and one of his left front shoulders twiteh- _—

es a little all the time. I would like to know A

It came —
from Distemper.

Yours truly,

Antigonish, N.S. K. Bones

Ans.—Try Chiropractic treatment or ma- sy
nipulating up and down the back each side
of spine and shoulder joints to get up the
circulation. E. A. Rogers of Dundee, Mich,
claims to have made remarkable cures this a
way with lame and partially paralyzed dogs: +

NOTES

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Songs of Forest
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—By C. T. EASTON

A Fine Little Collection of Poems
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Summer; A Flower of the Wild; Pontiac’s

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A Canadian Goes Quail Shooting In Egypt.
Editor, ROD AND GUN:—

Some months ago I wrote a short article
to your magazine. I was in Egypt at the
time and so never knew whether or not my
first journalistic attempt reached you or was
worthy of printing space.

Nevertheless, I am writing you again and
this time I mean to tell of a quail hunt that
another lad and I had early in March of last
year, during our five days of leave spent at
Luxor—that most interesting of all Egyptian
cities. During our stay at that city we were
quartered in a dahabeah or house-boat, and
all our various wants were well looked after
by our congenial dragoman Monstapha.

On the evening of the first day, which was
devoted to visiting the Tombs of the ancient
Egyptian Kings, I made the acquaintance of
a native hunting guide.. He introduced him-
self to us as we were viewing from the river’s
bank those wonderful collonades of the
Temple of Luxor, which are considered to be
the finest in all Egypt. He informed us in
very good English that he spoke three lan-
guages, Egyptian, English and American.
But in spite of his linguistic powers he failed
to interest more than two of his audience.
As he talked my hunting spirit awoke and
so, I asked a few questions, as to where all
these ‘“‘plenty quail and jackal’? awaited the
killing. My fluent guide quite convinced
me, so he thought, that the last man he had
taken out bagged some scores of birds in
little less than no time and that they were
to be found everywhere in countless num-
bers—he must have heard the bible story
of the quail alighting in the camp of the
Israelites. However, I had not lived in
Egypt for seven months without learning
that the lower classes, the Berbers, were
either descendants or disciples of Ananias.

The following evening upon meeting my
“would-be-hunting-guide,”’ I went into mat-
ters a bit more fully, finding out about guns,
ammunition, donkeys, quail-boys and all
the other paraphernalia attached. to an
Egyptian quail hunt. But in spite of all
his written recommendations he failed to

1176

drive a bargain until the third evening when
full arrangements were decided upon for the

next day. The late afternoon of the fourth
day saw us off for a time at least. And what
a time it was! The guide at the appointed
hour arrived with a complete hunting outfit.
The guns, double barrelled, sixteen gauge,
breech loaders were of the renting kind. If
they had ever been cleaned they surely did
not look it, and from appearances they had
been used considerably at one time. I smiled
to myself when I thought of the sore shoul-
ders we would be having the next day, but
did not say anything lest it should dampen
my ‘companion’s high spirits. An adieu to
the boys who were staying behind and we
were off for our promised land. After a half
hour’s jolt up this crowded street and down
that narrow alleyway, we arrived at our
destination,—the broad grain fields at the
edge of the city. These remind one very
much of our own Canadian prairie lands.
Here we dismounted and began our hunt.
My first shot was directed towards a pair of
green bee-eaters, whose brilliant plumage
had tempted me to have one or both as a
souvenir. I did not fail to take special pains
to hold my gun firmly against my shoulder
and well for me that I did so, for I received
quite enough of the recoil, as it was. But ~
I scored a hit, getting one of the birds. Upon
receiving the ‘‘pea-green form’? from my
*“‘native-retriever’ I rolled it up very care-
fully and gave it to a special native to take
care of, which turned out to be a sad mistake
as the appearance of the bird an hour later
amply proved.

Then we extended into line and entered
the grain, we gunners walking in the center
with firearms at the ready, whilst the natives
spread out on both sides and advancing with
us kept up a continuous thrilling noise which
reminded me of the crowing note made by
the cock pheasant in the Spring. The grain
was badly damaged by black smut and asa
result before the hunt ended we were black
to the waist line. The quail were very plenti-
ful, we jumped one every few yards and ~
whenever one started up our guide would ©

eS he me

ROD AND. GUN IN CANADA

PREMIUMS FOR NEW SUBSCRIPTIONS

We are desirous of adding 1000 new subscriptions to our lists and in order to ac-
complish this we make the following generous offers.

For One New Subscription

A single action, raised pillar, rivetted
brass reel with click, 80 yds.; A Standard
waterproof Bass Line, 10 yds.; A Mackerel
waterproof line, 25 feet; A Kelso Pearl
Spoon Bait; A Sullivan Hook and Reel
Guard; A Williams’ Battery Switch; A
Finger Grip for fishing rods; A Fish Hook
for Frog Bait; Two Rubber Grips for fish-
ing rods; A Matchless Cigar Lighter.

For Two New Subscriptions

A Betzler & Wilson Fountain Pen; A
copy of ‘‘Radford’s Garages and How to
Build Them”; A Vest Pocket Flashlight;
A Stag Brand Landing Ring; A copy of
Deadfalls and Snares, a book of instruction
for trappers about these and other home
made traps; A Copy of Canadian Wilds,
tells about the Hudson’s Bay Co., Nor-
chern Indians and their modes of hunting,
trapping, etc.; A Copy of Steel Traps,
‘describes the various makes, and tells how
to use them, also chapters on care of pelts;
A copy of Camp and Trail Methods; A copy
of Science of Fishing; A copy of Fox Trap-
ping—tTells how to trap, snare, poison and
shoot; A copy of Mink Trapping—Gives
many methods of trapping; A copy of Wolf
and Coyote Trapping; A copy of Science of
Trapping—Describes the Fur bearing
animals, their nature, habits and distribu-
tion with practical methods of their
capture; A copy of Fur Farming—A book
of information on raising Furbearing ani-
mals, telling all about enclosures, breeding
a habits, care, etc.; A Grease Gun
manufactured by Miller & Starr; An Oil
Gun manufactured by Brown Co.; A Gem
Razor Safety; An American Pedome-
ter—Regulates to step and registers exact
distances; A copy of The Camper’s Own
Book (cloth); A copy of “Motor Craft
Encyclopedia’; A copy of ‘““The Culture of
Black and Silver Foxes’”—Contains chap-
ters on Heredity, Origin, Breeding, Mating
and Gestation, Pens and Dens, Food and
Feeding, Food and Care, Value.

For Three New Subscriptions
A Landing Net manufactured by All-
cock, Laight & Westwood; A Line Drying
Reel; A Pair of Elliott’s Ear Protectors for
Trap-Shooters and Sportsmen; Three
Crow Decoys, A New Wonder Flashlight.

Address

manufactured by Canadian Electric No-
velty Co., Toronto. Case made of metal
covered with leatherette; One half dozen
Stag Brand Rubber Frogs or Froggies;
One of Walter’s hand-made axes, handled.
Length of handle, 14 inches; A copy of
Camp Kits and Camp Life.

For Four New Subscriptions
A pipe—HBB brand; An Automatic
Razor Stropper; A copy of Modern Sport-
ing Gunnery.

For Five New Subscriptions
A Tobin Boy Scout Rifle—22 calibre,
short, long or rifle cartridges. Barrel 22
in. long, weight 334 pounds.

For Six New Subscriptions
A Minnow Pail manufactured by All-
sack Laight & Westwood; A Thermos
ottle.

For Seven New Subscriptions
onal 10 ft. Fly Rod; A Younger Willow
air.

For Eight New Subscriptions
A Conklin Fountain Pen.

For Ten New Subscriptions
A Frost Improved Kelso Automatic Reel,
capacity 100 yards.

For Twelve New Subscriptions
A Stevens Favorite No. 17 Rifle; One
dozen Cleveland Battery Connectors.

For Thirteen New Subscriptions
A Bait Casting Rod.

For Fifteen New Subscriptions
A Marvel Petit Camera.

For Seventeen New Subscriptions
A Pair of “Witch Elk’ Hunting Boots.

For Twenty-five New Subscriptions
A Handy Tent Cot, manufactured by
Cutten & Foster, Toronto; A Korona
Petit Camera, size 3144 x 544, manufactur-
ed by the Gundlach-Manhattan Co.

If you are interested write for sub-
scriptien blanks, sample copies, etc.

The subscription price of ROD AND
GUN is $1.50 per annum.

Address ent. Rod and Gun in Canada, Woodstock, Ont.

1178 - <

shout, ‘“‘Mark,” when all the natives would
come to a halt. A new trouble arose upon
the second attempt to shoot—our shells re-
fused to act. They must have been specially
prepared for the tourists.

My chum and I took turn about at the
birds that got up but as our guns were hard
to pull off and as fully fifty per cent. of the
shells snapped andxas the wee bits of birds
performed the ‘“get-away-stunt’”” most ad-

mirably, we did not get many shots in the

first half hour. In fact after the first shot
that my chum fired, which nearly broke his
collar-bone, he did no more shooting at those
dodging bits of feathers. I snapped away
however, determined that I would get the
combination of ‘‘gun-shot’? and ‘“‘dead-on”
to work before returning to town. After
many unsuccessful attempts I achieved my
feat, and as is quite often the case, did so
when least expecting it. Two birds jumped
but a few feet ahead of us, my gun snapped
on the first but luckily enough exploded for
the second, winging the bird and almost doing
the same with “‘‘yours truly.’”’ Upon examin-
ing my prize, I found but one shot mark
which had broken the wing and penetrated
the body. As the mark was quite large, I
from curiosity opened several of the snapped
shells to learn that we had been hunting
quail with shot, about number one in size.
After that I was quite ready to comply with
my friend’s proposal to visit a nearby native
village. Whilst there we shot a small owl,
a palm dove and a crested hoopoe. Having
thus completed our murderous assault against
the feathered tribes of Egypt, we remounted
our donkeys and, with the brilliant sun drop-
ping behind the western date palm groves,
made our way back to our home upon the
river where the boys had a good laugh at our
sore shoulders and black trousers. But when
Moustapha served us quail on toast for
dinner, the boys scarcely knew whether to
believe our hunting yarn or not,for our trusty
dragoman when asked where the quail came
from said that we had been out quail hunt-
ing.

Our trophies were taken to a native taxi-

- dermist who reduced them to bird skins.

And these bedraggled
the museum of Queen’s
Ont.

My only regret is that I did not have time
to make a larger and better collection of the
Egyptian birds during my stay in that land
which has been very beautifully named ‘“The
Cradle of the Nations.”

remains are now in
niversity, Kingston,

Wishing you a Prosperous New —
the ‘‘Rod and Gun” I remain,
Yours sincerely, Re
N. V. Freeman, B.A,
“Somewhere in France.”

A Letter From Nova Scotia
Editor, ROD AND GUN:—

As we seldom see anything in “Rod and
Gun” from this part of the woods, I think
the boys will make room for me along side
the fire, for a few minutes.

Owing to the war there has been very little
hunting in our districts the last two years,
so this year the moose were very plentiful,
some record heads being secured.

During the ten days’ open season for deer,
several nice ones were shot. A few nice
bears were also shot last fall.

Ducks are very plentiful, but partridge
and rabbits are getting scarce.

The trout fishing was the best in recent
years, some record catches being reported. —

Several of our best guides are in the trench- .
es, and several more are in training. :

I have been taking ‘‘Rod and Gun” the ,
last two years, and don’t see how I could get
along without it. I certainly enjoy hearing |
the boy's tell about getting that big fellow
and next time I see a good camp fire, I will —
tell about a big one I got this fall. i

A Queen’s County Guide. «|
Fred A. Lefler.
Caledonia, N.S.

‘From a New Brunswick Sportsman,
Editor, ROD AND GUN :— .

Being a constant reader of your magazine,
Rod and Gun in Canada, I am taking the
liberty of writing you to let you know the
pleasure it affords me to read same. The
magazine is one which all true lovers of sport,
and outdoor nature seekers, should read.

I am myself a lover of sport, being especially
fond of gunning, andliving in New Brunswick
have large and very accessible game grounds
on which to enjoy a few hours of shooting and _
nature photography, which I might add, isas
interesting and exciting as gunning and on all
my trips I never fail to take along acameraor
Kodak, which in my opinion is as essential an
article as any put into one’s pack. .

In your February issue, there is an article _
on the preservation of our game birds, es- —
pecially the partridge which I am sorry to say %
is becoming almost extinct as years go by—in
my opinion all on account of the game hogs. | ‘a

Let me here cite an instance that is fresh
in my mind.

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

Decide to spend your long antici-

pated outing where gamey fish

tax your utmost cunning and

suspect your most tempting bait.

CANADA’S FINEST FISHING LAKES AND STREAMS

ARE MOST CONVENIENTLY SERVED BY ae pre

OF THE CANADIAN NORTHERN. :
The prospective fisherman will do well to consult our profusely illustrated
booklet, “WHERE TO FISH AND HUNT”, containing descriptions of

over 500 excellent fishing Lakes and Streams between the Laurentians
and the Rockies.

General Passenger Dept, Toronto, Ont.; Montreal, Que. or Winnipeg, Man.

SPLENDID OPPORTUNITY

Ce Ba ey SS
To Share Profits of
FOX RANCHING

STEEL BOAT

BUILD oWh

From patterns and print-
ed instructions. Work
easy: material furnished. :

Save two-thirds cost. PATENTED

Also completed boats. Send for catalogue and prices.

F.H. Darrow Steel Boat Co. 518 Perry 8t., Albion, Mich.

For 8 Subscriptions

To Rod and Gun in Canada

You can secure FREE a splendid
Conklin Fountain Pen.
Get to work at once. Your
friends will enjoy reading the
magazine during 1917 and YOU
will enjoy using the pen. Sample
copies sent on request.

PREMIUM DEPARTMENT
W. J. Taylor, Ltd., Publisher
WOODSTOCK, ONTARIO

The owner of 50 Foxes, nearly all of the
highest grade and one a silver dog, is
desirous of securing a partner with $5000
capital to invest, for the purpose of
doubling the stock. Partner furnishing
capital would participate in the spring
increase. Six of the femalesfare from a
silver fox and each is likely to throw one
silver fox to the litter. Owner would like
to secure a partner havinga place in the
East, State of Maine preferred, where
the foxes could be moved in June or July.
Owner would look after ranch on salary.

For Further Information Address—

ROD & GUN, Woodstock, Ont.

Ci Ve, CY me ot Dee

1180

Up the St. John River about thirty miles
from St. John, and back about four miles,
there was an oldfarm. Around this farm were
a good many thorn apples, and here every
year you could see thirteen to fourteen part-
ridge, which afforded the sensible gunner a
week’s sport, he getting easily a half dozen of
them but always leaving three or four for next
year to replenish.

I have shot over these grounds with a
pointer for years and always had excellent
sport. till about five years ago, there happened
along a party with four dogs. I am sorry to
say the party were all game hogs and camped
along side of this eover with the result that
from that day to this there has never been a
bird seen there.

This Mr. Editor in my opinion is the main
cause of game shortage.

I have also read with interest your different
articles on rifles. In all my experiences with
moose and deer I might say that my .38-55 has
never failed to do the work up to 500 yards.

In closing let any one who wants a good fall
outing with rod or gun come to St. John,
arrange there for a guide and go up our beauti-
ful river, where I venture to say he will have
his wishes fulfilled.

The writer is one who knows and has been
there. Yours very truly,

J. H. Knot.
St. John, N. B.

What is a Non-Resident?
Editor, ROD AND GUN :—

Would you be good enough to give me a few
pointers through your valuable magazine to
the following inquiries?

I have been working in Canada since last
July but go every week end to the States
where my family resides. Now—being a
British subject—I want to know whether I
can fish and hunt in Canada and what kind of
license should I have to get, or do I have to be
a Canadian citizen? If so, how do I go about it,
also where can I obtain the Game Laws of
Ontario.

Thanking you for any information you
might put in the Letter Box,

Yours truly,
A Greenhorn.

GW

bari Van iS ea te
ROD AND GUN IN CAN

ioe t a
the Canis atid Fisheries Act, i.e. clause (i), — qe
Section 3, defines a non-resident as follows: _
*‘Non-resident shall mean any person domi-
ciled in the Province for a period of less than
six months.” This, we take it, means con-
tinuous residence and you would therefore
probably not be regarded as a resident of
Ontario. We have forwarded you a copy of
the Ontario Game and Fisheries Laws.

A Poison for Wolves.
Editor, ALONG THE TRAP LINE:—

I see in your last issue that a trapper wants
to know how to poison wolves.

Poisoning in the opinion of the writer, has
nothing to recommend it as fur buyers will not
pay full value for furs that have been poison-
ed, as they claim it spreads through the whole
skin and reduces the value greatly. Besides
this dogs and domestic animals are apt to
get it.

Take as much strychnine as will fill a per-
cussion cap and enclose firmly in a piece of
tallow about the size of a chestnut. Several
of these can be made and placed in foxes or
wolves’ bed and if they have some dead animal
on which they feed they can be placed in and
around this. Some decoy should be placed
around to attract them.

Robert Hodgson.

Editor, ROD AND GUN:—

Enclosed find order for $5.00 to apply as
follows for subscriptions to Rod and Gun:—

A. R. Harvie, M.D., Orillia, Ont. $2.00
Chas. Baker, Sebright, Ont........... $2.00
Geo. Gilbert, Sebright, Ont........... $1.00

Am very pleased to find that Rod and Gua
continues to steadily improve in form and
matter. The addition of the Kennel De-
parment, and the greater attention given to
Angling are particularly good features.

Wishing you continued success.
Yours truly,
A. R. Harvie.

THE FISH GETTER.

Send for Catalog.

Fy

EDDON was the
Pioneer in Wig-
gling Baits and
= Mthe “Improved

—
i id
= Baby Crab” insures

—=— = __ — JAMES HEDDON’S SONS
zy DOWAGIAG, MICH.

ia 2 ee —S ,
Heddon’'s Genuine,,

Oowaefiac

Rods -Reels-Minnows

Genuine Diamonds

WY

$1, $2, $3, Weekly

Save money on your Diamonds
by buying from us. We are
Diamond Importers. Terms,
$1, $2 or $3 Weekly. We
guarantee you every advantage
in Price and Quality.

Write to-day for Catalogue, It Is free.

We send Diamonds to any part of Canada forinspection
at our expense. Payments may be made Weekly or
Monthly.

JACOBS BROS., Diamond Importers
15 Toronto Arcade - - Toronto, Canada

G. M. SKINNER’S

FAMOUS FLUTED SPOON BAITS|

100 Varieties and Sizes

FISHING TACKLE THAT STA

THE PRIZE WINNER.

CLAYTON, N. Y.

NOTE VARIETY OF ONE HOUR’S CATCH
By J. K. Rush (Patentee) at Pulaski, N.Y. Catch
of three 3-lb. small mouth bass, two 4-lb. large
mouth bass, two 3-lb. northern pike, one 10-in.
perch and,one 36-in. muskalonge.
Rush{Tango First Prize Winner 1916 Field and Stream
Contest. On Small Mouth Bass—7 Ibs. 1 oz. Also Great
Northern Pike— Look!|—24 lbs. 12 ozs.!

DEALF*for trolling or casting; appeals to amateurs or

professionals. Hooks being behind body of bait

make it practically weedless. Floats when not in
use—can’t catch on bottom. By many record catches
proven_ajsensational killer for all kinds of game fish.

Rush ,

T Minnow
angoMinno
REGISTERED TRADE MARK.

Made of wood, enameled and finished in brilliant colors.
Packed in neat compact box, in White, red head; White,
ellow “posh pooh mottled back: Yellow, red head: Yel-
ow, red and green mottled back. Our “‘Radiant’’ Bait

glows at night.
If your dealer can’t supply you, send us his name
and $1 for sample, or $4 for complete set of 4 as-
sorted brilliant colors. os Wa teand = ;
Write today for details?
ofajthis wonderful bait.
DEALERS—Are you stocked for the coming Rush season?
If not, send me Jobber’s name and get my genereus
proposition. wAAax

J.i.K. RUSH,'944'S.A.&K. Bldg., Syracuse, N.Y.

NDS THE TEST

ORVIS RODS
REELS, FLIES, MINNOW TRAPS

Special Four Ounce Fly Rod Now Ready
For Delivery.

Not the Cheapest but the Best Is Our Motto.

CHARLES F. @RVIS CO., MANCHESTER, VT.

Mention Rod and Gun,

Catalogue on Request.

PRINCE GEORGE

TORONTO - - CANADA

Magnificiently Furnished. Liberally Conducted.
Caisime unexcelled. Courteeus and Prompt Service.
European Plan. American Plana.

SAMUEL H. THOMPSON, Preprieter

FOR SALE, WANT AND

EXCHANGE DEPT.

ACCESSORIES

FOR SALE—Set of Electric automobile lamps, two side
and one tail. Never beenused. Box L,ROD AND GUN.
Woodstock, Ontario. TF

ANTIQUE FIREARMS

Buy, sell, exchange all sorts old-time and modern Fire-
arms, Stephen Van Rensselaer, Antiques, 805 Madison
Avenue, New York. 6-14T

OLD COINS WANTED

$2 to $500 EACH paid for hundreds of Coins.
Keep all money dated before 1895
and send 10c for New Illustrated
Coin Value Book, size 4x7. You
|! may have coins worth many dol-
lars. Get Posted. Clarke Coin Co., Box 134,
Leroy, N. Y. 2-3T

BIRDS AND ANIMALS

seo lela sale il ipa ai nba ha nO oe ce
FOR SALE—Best quality ranch raised mink, also
ada wild geese. Nelson Waldron, Tyne Valley, epee

Edward Island.

WILD ANIMALS—Correspondence _ solicited with
Parties interested in Fox Ranching or in purchasing or
selling stock. Blake Vanatter, Georgetown, Ont. J.t.f

Ea EONS TFN fe SD Ne Bee ieee eae Png ORT

EGGS FOR HATCHING.—Black Mallard ducks for
decoys. Also pit games. All Roundheads, Yellow Legs
and Strathcona Warriors, Reds and Greys. Eggs $2.00 per
13. John Kelly, Napanee, Ont. R. M.D. 7. oi bel B

WANTED.—Female Mink and Ferrets, my box traps
are easily made, mink scent guaranteed, get Mr. Skunk, no
digging, smoking or trapping, muskrat trappers get more
rats no feet, stamp for reply. Fred Clarke, 851 William
St., London, Ont. 3 Tt

BOB WHITE QUAIL.—Blue Quail, Gambels, Pheasants
Peafowl, Wild Ducks, Geese, Swans, Cranes, Wild Turkeys,
Parrots, Canaries, Cage Birds, Game Birds, Pet Stock, Elk,
Deer, Buffalo, Silver Foxes, Mink, etc. Big, beautiful.
illustrated catalog 10c. Price lists free. Hornes Zoo-
logical Arena Co., Kansas City, Mo.

DOGS.
oo a a EA ee Ta

HIGH CLASS PEDIGREED‘ English Beagles, all
ages. None better. Also five ferrets. 3c stamp for
reply. L. Murray, Harrow, Ont. 2-2T

~ TRAINED HOUNDS—Norwegian bearhounds
Irish wolf hounds, Blood hounds, Foxhounds,
Deer, Cat, Wolf and Coon dogs. Absolute guar-
antee, trial allowed, purchaser alone to judge,
no questions asked, money refunded. ut eee
illustrated catalogue five-cent stamp. Rook-
wood Kennels, Lexington, Ky. 12 tf

The Blue Grass Farm Kennels of Berry, Ky., offer for
sale setters and pointers, fox and cat hounds, wolf and deer
hounds, coon and opossum hounds, varmint and rabbit
hounds, bear and lion hounds. Also Airedale terriers.
All dogs shipped on trial, purchaser alone to judge the
gery. Satisfaction guaranteed, or money refunded.

6 page illustrated, instructive and interesting catalogue for
ten cents in stamps or coin. yt

WANTED.—Female Cocker or Field Spaniel. Red
color, 6 months old. Also Irish Water Spaniel, female,
Same age. Pricemustbelow. W.H. Gordon, Ellenburgh
Centre, N. Y. 31T

Advertisements will be
inserted in this Department
at 4c. a werd. Send re-
mittance with erder. Copy
should not be later than
the 10th of the month.

BOOK ON

DOG DISEASES
And How to Feed

: Mailed free to any address by
America’s the Author

Pioneer H. CLAY GLOVER CO., Inc.
Dog Remedies} 118 West 31st Street, New York

M ANGE Eczema, ear canker, goitre, cured or no
charge. Write for particulars describing the

trouble, Eczema Remedy Company, Hot Springs, Ark.
10TF

AIREDALES FOR, SALE— Exceptionally high class
puppies ready for delivery, sire. Stormy-Weather, dam,
Topsy-Turvy. Write for booklet if interested. B. Wel-
bank, Quill Lake, Sask.

FOR SALE—Splendid Llewellin, English, Irish, Gordon
setter pups and trained dogs, Dente spaniels and re-
trievers in pups and trained dogs. Enclose stamp for
description. Thoroughbred Kennels, Atlantic, Iowa. tf

FOR SALE.—Setter dog, 2 years old, black, white and
tan. A handsome fellow. Good quail dog. Plenty of
speed $25.00. J. M. Shaw, Forest, Ont. 2-2T

Pointer Bitch, 3 years old. Lemon and white. Good
partridge and woodcock dog, splayed, a handsome little
bitch, well house broken, $20.00. J. M. Shaw, wre
Ont.

FOR SALE.—Beautiful, registered, Setter Bitch, one
year old. Apply J. W. Harris, Arner, Ont. . 21s

AT STUD.— English Beagles Bandit R. and Fabian R.
sons of famous Champion Shannon Bandit. They have
rand type, are hunters and are registered. Fee $10.00.
Ri. A. Richardson, Chatham, Ont. i 2tf

FOR SALE.—Cheap registered Airedale puppies, fine
specimens, champions on both sides. Write if interested.
A. H. Hawkins, Listowel, Ont. 227

FOR SALE—At a very low price—1_ Newfoundland,
male, $35.00, 1 Pomeranian, female, $25.00, 2 Scotch
Collies, male, 2 female, $15.00, 1 all white bull terrier, male, —
$35.00, 1 bull terrier, female, $10.00, 2 deerhounds, No. 1 {
stayers, $25.00 each, 2 foxhounds, No. 1 hunters, $25.00
each, 2 foxhounds, female, No. 1 breeders and hunters, —
$15.00 each, 1 pointer, female, $10.00, 1 fox terrier, female, —
$3.00, 1 No. 1 coondog, tree barker and stayer, $15.00, 1 —
Beagle, female, No. 1 rabbit dog, $12.00, 1 Angora cat,
thoroughbred, $25.00. Fr. W. Probst, Box 60, Linwood,
Ont.

FOR SALE.— Owing to business, three Pointers, Pointer —
bitch, 2 years, reg. C. K. C., gun broken, sister to C. H. —
Yumas Chief, a great gun bitch, 3 years old, imported from —
England, no pedigree, young dog, 8 months, reg. C.K. C., ©
will make winner, Parti colour cocker, 2 years, reg. C. K.C.,
can win anywhere. Black cocker bitch 1 year. Obo
Pye No reasonable offers refused. W.T. Oates, poe ‘

Ita.

liff,
iT
HOUNDS FOR SALE.—Excellent stock. Opportunity
for deer and fox hunters. Geo. F. Janes, Ingersoll, Ont,
bi,

FOX TERRIERS 4 - ell
Wirehaired, bred from Winners, two Bitch pupp
pL ie! in April, Also one yearling Bitch. Any of th
should soon be in season. Prices trom $15 to $25.
L. Mewburn, 65 Markland St., Hamilton, Ont.

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

ENGINES AND LAUNCHES.

FOR SALE—Marine Engines, two cycle, two, three and
four cylinder, also 2 cylinder 4 cycle. All new. Write for
further particulars stating horse power required, to box L.
ROD D GUN, Woodstcck, Ont. TF

FOR SALE—23 ft. Semi-speed launch, beam 4 feet
3 inches, finished ready for engine. This is a new launch,
now ready for delivery. For further particulars, etc.
write Box F. Rod and Gun, Woodstock, Ont. tf

FOR SALE—Semi Speed Square, or Round Transom
and ey oapiee stern Hulls, finished ready for engine, up
to 30 ft. length. New. Will sell cheap. Box A. Rod and
Gun in Canada. Woodstock, Ont. TF

MOTOR BOATS.—Engines and canoes. Second hand
bargains. Ditchburn pleasure boats, peared aad
, 4

FISHING TACKLE.

_ FOR SALE.—Several Fly Trout Rods, 10 and 11 ft., 3

joint, abSolutely new. Willsell cheap. Box L. ROD AND

GUN, Woodstock, Ont. TF
GUNS

WANTED.—High grade W. W. Greener Shot Gun,
must be in first class condition and a snap for cash. Trap
or Pigeon gun preferred. Box 204, Lacombe, Alta. pee

FOR SALE—A 280 Ross, shot 150 times, cost $50,
Bee $30. In good condition. Cecil Johnston, Gore See
nt. 3 Hi Hi &

MECHANICS AND GUNMEN.—Reblue or brown
your guns, rifles, revolvers, etc. Do a good job at the cost
of a few cents. Complete instructions 25 cents. E. J.
Simon, Dane, Wis. 3 piel be

A BARGAIN IN SHOT GUNS

I have been able to get hold of a few
PERFECTLY NEW, THOROUGHLY
TESTED, TOBIN Double-barreled
Hammerless Shot Guns at a very low
Regular $35.00 grade I can let

price.
you have for $20.00, cash with the
order, or C. O. D. with privilege of
examination.

W. H. MARTIN
SPORTING GOODS BEALER, - WOODSTOCK, ONT.

SPECIALS

CANADIAN BLACKBIRD TARGETS—Yellow_ or
white bands, five-fifty per thousand. Al! black, five-
twenty-five per thousand. Closer prices in lots over five
thousand. Also Western Automatic and Expert Traps
Nelson Long, Hamilton, Ont. Para &

CONTENTS—Back firi Blow-back of gas into carburetor, Popping noises, Bugz in
coil (other than contact breaker buzz ), clatter and grind in gear box, Compression, faulty,
gular or uncertain running, Mets
tarting handle, Start, failure to, Steering er-
ratic, Steppage of engine, Water escapes, Air a Batteries, Bearings, Bent axle, Brakes,
gear, Clutch, Coil,
nsion magnete ), Centact maker, : ‘eu
power, Gear, Governor, Huating, Ignition, Lub-
Overheating, Pipes burst out er fractured,

Compressien, none, Explesions, Irre

Misfires, Resistance slight when operating 5

Carburation, Ch Speed
Contact breaker (High te

in Transmissien system. : Loss of

Leaks:
rication, Misfires, Muffler treubles, Noise,
Piste ubles, ing in carburetor, Pressure leaki "
rage reaitae Sp sey *\Steam beund or air lock, Steering, Supply pipe
alve springs, Water circulation, Wheels.

py are Short circuits. Spark plug,
eked, Tining, Tires, Valves,

Prices: Flexible Leather..........$1.5@

W. J. TAYLOR, LIMITED, PUBLISHER,

Automobile Troubles and How to Remedy Them

By CHARLES P. ROOT

SPECIALS

tetter
ECZEMA old sores, catarrh, dandruff, sore
eyes, rheumatism, neuralgia, stiff joints, piles, cured or
no charge. Write for particulars and free sample. Eczema
Remedy Co., Hot Springs, Ark. 10 TF

Psoriasis, cancer, itre,

FOR SALE—Several Beers Thermostats. This is an
automatic apparatus for opening and closing the dampers of
your furnace, hot water heater, or steam boiler, at exactly
the moment when they should be opened or closed, thus
keeping the temperature of your house uniform through
every hour of the day and night. Savescoal. Saves worry.
These Thermostats can be installed by anyone who can
handle a hammer, screw driver and auger. Write for fur-
aur particulars to Box L., ROD AND GUN, Wot

nt.

FOR SALE—Finest speckled trout eggs fry, fingerlings,
etc., at the private hatchery of Dr. A. R. Robinson, Silver
Creek, Caledon. Address A. R. Robinson, Claude, Ont.

Will pay $25.00 for 5 !b. of good cultivated Ginsen
root well dried. W.E. Saunders, London, Ont. 31

MARR Y— Hundreds anxious to get married; many
wealthy, refined members; strictly con-
fidential; descriptions free. Reliance Club, B-376, Los
Angeles, California. BS bi 3

B. and B. propeller, 3 blade, right 15 in. $450. Ithaca

12, good as new $20. 100 sporting magazines. E.
Johnston, Demorestville, Ont. BA (5 i

_ FOR SALE—Decoy-Ducks’ Eggs, (Mallard), $3 per set-
ting of eleven eggs. W.B. DOAN, Thedford, Ont. 3-1t.

MINK SKINS

} ___Highest prices guar-
Wanted at Once anteed for these and
all other raw furs. Give me atrial, or write for
prices. J. U. NICHOLS, Box 338, INGERSOLL, Ont.

TAXIDERMY AND TANNING

FORTY YEARS MANUFACTURER GLASS EYES
FOR BIRDS AND ANIMALS. Save money Send
to-day for my Taxidermist’s Supply Catalog No. 7. _ F.
schumacher, 285 Halladay St., Jersey City, N. J. 12 6t

FOR SALE—Pair white swans, fully mounted. Will
sell cheap for cash. Box L., ROD AND GUN, Woodstock

Ont.

FOR SALE—Moose Head, fine deowe excellent con-
dition. Apply Box L., ROD AND GUN, Woo
Ont.

FOR SALE.—Record Elk head. 14 points, spread over
5 feet. Extremely massive and perfectly . balanced.
Winter killed and beautifu y mounted. Rare opportunity.
Write for photographs an full particulars. H. L. Felt*
Findlater, Sask. Sit

or puffing noises,

rod or crank shaft breken,

onnectin:
generally or

ock in beari

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Cloth Binding..........$1.00

WOODSTOCK, ONT.

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~~) — Trout Flies

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: Rod and Gu

Ps Bl SE aS
"VOLUME XVIII), MBE

n in Cana
Woodstock, Ontario, April, 1917

Publishers are warned not to reprint contents, wholly or in part, without fuil credit attached.

_ APRIL CONTENTS

Peestinie, “the Boy. “LE rawpen cs... <.01.i0- 22.2150 .nocanse-taanleateweasyens hi Bonnycastle Dale 1185

ene sas VC K OF ald TOUS oe. resi pocecdncsneed.ic-dsarnasendeeehenctiges A. H. Haines 1188

a Mriet CRIME ENCE NC ED 52 0 yrs e 8 cn thc AS ec suvapeona du sonensansihe Clee boy vate eatereataes: saermiaeae 1197

A Visit To The Fishing Traps Of Niagara......................+ Myrtle Leeta Cherry 1198

REPRE SOW ATIC EVA WI, 52 as. cops Sec cataneeatsvcsedonenesn DE, ire 55 F. V. Williams 1201

A Suggestion For Mr. Black Bass Fisherman................0...c.s008 Gervas Gernus 1205

ae stsemonse. Of Pierre «Le Due acc. .2s..6...cccs.eseriscenensessetenoegees Stewart K. Arnott 1208

“LESTE CVE REVEL Re Je Ses RS Sn ee eR OR ane eS 2c) cg Martub Hunter 1212

SIE NV GLO PME RTAMISTA LE... 22.2. o.2.-.ensevont-nenennscausugansonsecusbagseacenvencas E. D. Sisnex 1214

Two Hundred Miles by Canoe In Temagamii............00........0-4 W. R. Bocking 1215

Black yorberan dHares-dind Other. Fur- Rabbitt. ..csco.25 5. <0 sccce padi cab hixvae caer 1218

PMeSe bee ay 240 Protect. Birds, . 2, 20k scccssueserc sates eect leas eeaee Hubert Hutton 1220

RMEIMTBSPRONCS ESS 7c B oS 2 ok acon cal wee caseth vaghoteee aero ee ee Robert Page Lincoln’ 1223

Guns and Ammunition
Ramblings of ay Rifleman 20-00) cccesereee eee Lieut. Townsend Whelen 1250

Pe RCNGS SRE Eee 20. Sh a oi et SD. ae a ene. Sms fags sas opoveske aa Ad Lib. 1272

SULTS GA a ee

LB RS Ie gaat earn ape ape BC oes Lint aS a Ne OE De Ea

Matters, Pertainins :0 0) CONSCRVALLOM bi. sta cores ete ha vanes sae on cvs aaa deveaeane Coe coaneneaeesees

(OEE STORE a2) Br 0 agai ae OR es NOD Sfp a 2 A Oe eR RPI

UP RETIRE {TS SRE SRT SRR POR GED AG SEE DAR SS 3-1 en 1 gE NER OBR er he :

on

SUBSCRIPTION PRICE to any address in Canada, Great Britain or in the United States $1.58 '

foreign countries 50c extra. Single copies 15 cts. All subscriptions are payable in advance. #
REMITTANCES should be made by P. O. or express money orders, bank checks or registered 7
letters ; if by check, exchange must be included.

CHANGE OF ADDRESS. When a change of address is ordered, both the new and the ek ‘
addresses must be given. ‘ :

THE ADDRESS LABEL, shows the date to which subscription is paid. fe
ADVERTISING RATES and sample cepies sent on application. ie a
Communications on all topics pertaining te fishing, caneeing, yachting, the kennel, amateur i?
peeseuranhy ume ire shooting will be weleemed and pablahed if ent : Afi communications must ‘
accompanied by the name of the writer, not n ily for publication, however. van
Rod and Gun in Canada does not assume any responsibility for, or necessarily endorse, any views VG
expressed by contributors to its columns. a
Published by W. J. TAYLOR, LTD., WOODSTOCK, ONT. u

—Branch Offices— Fase

New York, Lendon, England ba

373 Fourth Ave. Grand T Bldgs. a

Cecksp } F:

Entered Feb. 17, 1908 at the Post Office at Buffalo, N.Y., as second-class matter under Act of z/
Mareh 8, 1908. 6
et

8 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

Fi ,
BRISTOL CONN.

After you get into the woods, you haven't time to change
your cutfit. The only satisfactory way is to carry the rods to
fit all occasions. The fisherman shown in this picture has a
‘“*Bristol’’ De Luxe Silk Wound $25.00 Trout Fly Rod with glove
leather case; a ‘‘Bristol’’ No. 25 $7.00 Bait Casting Rod; a ‘‘Bris-
tol’? No. 35 $4.50 Adjustable Telescopic Bait and Trolling Rod;
a ‘‘Bristol’’ No. 33, $12.00 ‘‘Bag’’ Bait Casting Rod anda “Bristol”
No. 11 $4.50 ‘‘Old Reliable’’ all purpose rod.

This No. 11 ‘‘Bristol’’ Henshall, is the most popular and best
selling fishing rod in the world. Whether you have two rods or
50 rods, your outfit is not complete without it. It is the “Old
Standby’’—the one fishing rod used everywhere. Though de-
signed primarily for bass and unusually effective for that pur-
pose, yet it is very sturdy for trolling and in a pinch is very ser-
viceable for trout work. It has caught almost every kind of fish
from perch to muscallonge, and although not designed for tarpon
fishing, nevertheless, in the hands of skillful fishermen, many
large tarpons have been caught on it. Thousands of these rods
have been in use for over 20 years. They have proven beyond
doubt that No. 11 is the most satisfactory all-purpose rod ever
made. The handle mountings are nickel; the rod is trimmed
with two ring German silver tie guides and three ring tip.
Length 8% ft. joints 32 in.; weight 10 oz. With polished maple
handle, $4.50; with celluloid wound handle $5.00; with cork grip
handle $5.50: with celluloid wound, double grip or long grip han-

dle $5.75; with celluloid wound, reversible handle $5.75; with
cork, reversible handle, $6.25.

Buy from your dealer, but if he hasn’t the No. 11 or any of
the other ‘‘Bristol’’ Rods, and is not inclined to get them for you,
we will fill your orders by mail, at catalogue prices.

SS A eel

The best reel for a No. 11 ‘‘Bristol’’ is the MEEK No. 5 Blue
Grass Reel, $15.00. designed especially for trolling and bait fish-
ing. It has special gears and tempered tool steel pivots and studs.
It is practically all made by hand. Every reel is fitted with an
accuracy of construction and precision of detail that largely con-
stitutes its perfection. With the proper care this reel will last
50 years.

There is hardly any other industry in which two names over-

shadow all competition so completely as do ‘‘MEEK”’ in reels
and ‘‘BRISTOL”’ in rods. Sif @ = z

. BOTH CATALOGUES FREE*
showing 37 other ‘‘Bristol’’? Models and 22 other Meek and Blue
Grass models. Mailed FREE ON REQUEST.

‘‘Bristol’? Rods and Meek Reels are for sale by
many thousands of sporting goods dealers through-
out the world, but where not obtainable can be

putchased by mail, at catalogue prices from the
manufacturer.

Our 1917 ‘‘Bristol Art Calendar”
We have stilla few copies of this beautiful full colar

: 4 reproduction of one of Philip E. Goodwin's famous
= % outdoor paintings. Sent only on receipt of 15 cents.
{
‘i

The HORTON MFG. CO.
32 Horton St. - - Bristol, Conn.

Also Manufacturers of MEEK
and BLUE GRASS Reels.

Diy Pacific Coast Branch:
Re aN PHIL B. BEKEART C@.,

& 717 Market St., San Francisco,

California

= =

— >
@ INA

— = *J

N

Lore

eS ——

—— i 4 ee =F “rf :
ADAH

WOODSTOCK, ONT., APRIL, 1917

LADDIE, THE

BOY TRAPPER

BONNYCASTLE: DALE

HE very first time Laddie saw a
poor muskrat ina trap he came-
running up the steep path to
the “Shanty” calling:
*‘There’s a muskrat on the shore
scratching itself.”
Poor thing! I knew what that meant
it was caught in the cruel jaws and
was vainly trying to tear itself loose.

_ I am not wise enough, even though I

am merciful enough, to find a means
whereby all the furbearers may be
caught without the awful suffering

- entailed by this spring trap method,

but I hope many trappers will try
out the new traps that kill instantly.

The little lad, urged on by the sight
of many trappers setting hundreds of
traps on every log, and bog, and shore
and bank, set one of his traps at the
foot of a balm of gilead tree, where
the roots were washed by the rising
water of the spring flood, and a second
one on the south point. He had been

carefully taught not to look at the

pelts as a source of profit, (the man
who brings his boy up in this highly
educated age to be a trapper wastes
just one boy,) but he set it as well as
any Ojibway, with the pan submerged
just where the poor semi-amphibious

animal would step into it on his way
ashore.

“Come and see the Muskrat swim-
ming?’ Laddie called to me. It was
a very mild night in late March, all
the mate seeking lovers were roaming
in search of females, to mate and

_ start her on her way with the “Spring
house” building. The well filled out

young male swimming: along before
ae 1185

us had been born last spring and
kicked out of the overcrowded home,
a home built in the marsh on a

“drowned” tree root for a base. Here ~

the two adult Muskrats had worked

the greater part of October, tearing

up each night great masses of yellow
lilies, wild rice, wild celery, all the
pond weeds the ducks love so well,
until they had cleared a place fully
thirty feet in circumference. Laddie
and I often saw them working in the
early evening, and even in the dawn;
dragging great bunches of this green
floating mass up on to a root, until

they had several hundreds of pounds —

there, all piled in a nice wee haystack
form.

*“How will they make the rooms in
it?” whispered Laddie one evening as
we watched the growing pile...

“They will simply eat and tear out
a room from the bottom, and leave
a nice shelf in it on which to sit and
feed on, diving swiftly off the instant
they hear a paddle stroke or a foot-
step of any animal on the snow or ice.

“But how will they ever get food
when all the marsh is frozen up?” he
queried.

“They have cut the marsh, year
after year, into innumerable channels,
so that winter or summer they can
swim anywhere where the water is
deep enough.

“But please tell me what happens
if it freezes right down to the bottom,
or if the water floods right over the
house?

“IT guess Laddie it’s a case of hustle,
just as we humans do, they can al-

5
ae
he: Pee
ants "
pa

a VA

1186

ways tear their way out of the house,
the south side especially being warmed
each day by the sun.”

“Then where do they go?” he per-
sisted.

“They can always find shelter un-
der old logs or in bank holes.”

“But if there were no logs—?
Laddie started off—I interrupted him
with:

“T guess this is a sort of chain
question you’re working—let’s paddle

conversation occurred in

October. Now it is March and we are

LADDIE FINDING HIS TRAP AND FUR ADRIFT
IN THE ICE SHOVE.

LADDIE FOUND THE LOST—AND EMPTY—
TRAP.

9 oy

One Tn a REO
standing on the shore of the Beaver —
(island) watching a muskrat which =
left the marshland home, driven out
no doubt by the high cost of living,
as had he stayed there the old adult
‘‘Wahzhushk (Ojibway for Muskrat:
would most certainly have tried to
kill him, as he allows no other males
to run with his chosen mate. The
eight months old animal swam clear
out in the lake to our island, intending
to become a bankdweller, but he ~
espied our wee wharf and promptly
began to drag floatweeds into the 1
crib. He had rather a wet home, as. 4
storms dashed the water over the
wharf, and floods raised it almost up
to the top stones of the inner crib—
where he promptly moved. We often
saw the hoar frost from his breath on
the boards in the morning. Now he
was swimming up and down the is-
land’s lonely shore hoping to meet a
female and to choose her (not indeed
without many a battle with other
males), as his mate, and here were
two big animals watching him, intent
on his capture. (I defend my posi-
tion simply by saying that for this |
once Laddie must learn the whole
course of the animal’s life, even to its tA
end—but for this once only.: i

The vegetable eating rodent made
the complete circle of the island, a
swim of over a mile, as these fur-
bearers are most excellent swimmers
and great wanderers. At times it
climbed up on the cakes of ice that
lined the shore; at others it rambled
over the rocks, then it came along the y
south shore and calmly sat down and
nibbled a drifted wild onion near the
fatal trap. When they are alone this
way they are silent. In places where
they run in numbers the spring air
will be alive with low squeals and
whimperings. Do not place this fat,
clean living, grain and vegetable
eating animal in the same class as the
despised house rat, a mean, vicious,
sneaking beast. On the contrary the
Muskrat is an open noisy traveller,
feeding peacefully on a juicy wapato
or a sprout off a lily root, strictly
minding his own business, but just
let another male intrude his nose in
this business and Kilkenny catsfights _
—are dwarfed by comparison. Two —
offithese fighting males will graspone

LADDIE, THE BOY TRAPPER

another strongly with the forearms
and literally tear each other’s hide to
ribbons. Especially is this destruc-
tion complete when a free male comes
across a trapped one. I have seen
them so cuf up that the head and
shoulders were stripped of the hide
and the entire pelt spoiled. To give
you some idea of the magnificent
workings of Nature seen by us island
dwellers. It was a calm night when
we left the south shore of the Beaver
and sought the “Shanty”. During
the night I heard great roars as the
rotting ice creaked and groaned be-
neath the lashings of a stiff So’ wester.
When we ran down to the south shore
next morning all the great dark fields
of ice in the lake were in motion,
slowly advancing before the wind.
The steady destructive power of an
*‘ice-shove’”” must be seen to be
fully appreciated. The point where
Laddie had set one trap was
now piled deep with tilting lifting,
sliding, falling, crashing cakes of ice.
The trap was underneath all this
crackling mass, so if the poor Musk-
rat was in that one it was a sorry
mess. Back we ran to the wharf.
The effect of the “shove” in this
sheltered southeastern position was
not so great, yet the bay was one mass

of ice in motion. Out in the churning ©

stuff I saw the lad’s “tally stick.”

“Get the pikepole and try to get
your trap before it goes out into the
lake’’ I yelled above the gale. Off
ran big rubber boots and boy and soon
he was splashing in and I pictured
him as he raised his trap. Yes! the
poor Muskrat was in it.

Now, while a March sun poured
its gracious beams on us, Laddie
made his “hanger” for suspending
the Muskrat on. Next he ran down
the bank and cut his red willow
stretchers to stretch the hide, then he
sharpened his knife and I took a
picture of him skinning his catch. I
do think his nose is a wee bit “up-in-
the-air’, but young naturalists must
learn and, as far as he knew, the
subject had not suffered. The traps
are so set that once the animal is
caught it is dragged down into the
water and drowned. I think we will
always have to catch Muskrats.

1187

they breed two or three, or four
times a year, with four to ten at a
litter and the youngsters raise a litter
before they are a year old. I have
known a hundred acre swamp to con-
tain two thousand Muskrats, (more
even, as this number was caught in it.)
Without some steady thinning down
they would become a pest, especially
as man is constantly killing the great
birds of prey, the hawks, eagles and
owls, the animals too, the foxes, lynx,
mink, marten, wolf and all carnivorous
beasts and birds that eat any animal
they can kill.

As we wanted this skin for Natural

LADDIE SKINNING THE MUSKRAT.
ADDIE® MAKING HANGER FOR SUSPEND-

By ‘‘we” I mean the human race, for Wee AGRI

“Qa EGO" eS aah

B ~ months

a
Lad

+

History purposes Laddie cut it from _ nig

lip to vent and we stretched it on a
board and a very dark handsome fur
it is, the pelt is prime, light colored
and firm, no black blood stains, as
there are in a poor pelt taken in the
fall, or too late in the spring. It is 12
inches across and 18 inches long.
The teeth of the Muskrat are
formidable. I have seen one cap-
tured, cornered male, drive a man
precipitately from a boat-house 1t was
confined in. A pair of inch long bone
chisels driven with all the power of a
fighting Muskrat have made me run.
Laddie has taken the young, when
we have found them deserted in
flooded homes, pretty little things,
with huge heads and pink feet and
silky grey coats, blind to the ninth
day, and mewing like kittens, but
we have never been able to raise one,
even though we carefully fed them
milk from a fountain pen filler. Then
there were loud lamentations by
Laddie in the still watches of the

THE BIG BUCK OF BALD KNOLLS

A. H. HAINES

ES OT the deer around here that
N there used to be,” said Jack
Bennett as heseated himself on

a convenient log, a preliminary to a
comfortable smoke, after the long
climb that had at last brought him
and his life-long friend and hunting
companion, Tom Pearson, within a

- few hundred yards of their objective
point, the Bald Knolls, where there
___-were likely better prospects of finding
_ deer than any other place near their
ranches.

“No,” Tom replied after a few

a & puffs at his pipe which he had brought

into action somewhat in advance of

his friend’s, “and still we are seldom

- out of venison, are we, after the Fall
begin. Hey, Old Timer?”

*““Rather better luck comes our way

than to the rest of the settlers, I

guess,’ Jack remarked in reply, “but

then, when you come to think of it,

the reason is that we hunt more,

___ I suppose.”

hve cs Go oo.

nt, Wo n iskrat
passed out. 05. , ee
When the sun and the a had ©
pretty well done their work on the
piled up icefields on the south shore
I went with Laddie and.pictured him
as he wriggled his way—like unto
some big furbearer—among the great
shining cakes, until he found the lost
and empty trap.
This Spring of 1917 offers high
prices for pelts, the number of
‘houses’ of Muskrats is much re-
duced from last year and each trapper
save the farmer’s son on his own land
—must pay a five dollar license. The
auction in New York this Spring
seems to point to the United States
taking part of England’s fur market
sales away.

:
ee
.

Author’s Note:—Owing to the use
of the name ‘Fritz’ to denote the
enemy, I am obliged, after twenty
years’ use, to drop it and use our
camp name “Laddie.”

“Ten years ago, when the game
was plentiful, the others had their
venison just as often as we did, but
as it became scarce and more difficult
to get, which, naturally, meant a lot
more hard work, they were not nearly
so keen to hit into the hills after a
deer,” and Tom smoked away vig-
orously for awhile after which he
concluded with:

“Yes, their enthusiasm dropped
away below the zero mark after the
game got thinned out; but it has
been different with us. Here we are,
both of us with streaks of gray in
our hair, both of us more or less
crippled, at times, with the rheuma-
tism, each finding it more of a task
to climb the mountains each year;
and in spite of it all we are just as
keen for the deer trail each season
as ever. I'll tell you, Jack, just how
interested I am and always have —
been, and probably always shall be, —
in hunting. When the first frosts —

of a hik

Ballard: Pacific is taken down a dozen
_ times a day and as carefully handled
and admired as the day I bought it
back East so long ago. Guess you'll
never forget the time; you bought
your old Centennial Winchester at
the same store at the same time,
though if you’d taken my advice,
you'd have got a Ballard like mine.’

“Yes, I know you always did try
to persuade me into getting a single
shot,’’ replied Jack, “‘and though I
went against your arguments and
Me tied to the old Centennial, I have
never seen the day I have regretted
my choice. Guess we’ve both been
¥ pretty well satisfied with our rifles;
both have always accounted for the
game as regularly as we did our
part, and there are no other two
rifles in the settlement’in as good
condition, after half the use, as ours.
The rifling in both is as bright as sil-
ver, and while the outside finish is
worn in places from long use, a man
would look until his eyes were sore
to find any battered places; hey,
Tom?
. “But about this hunting fever that
F gets into the system: I have often
; thought how it hits different men.
When the game is easy to get, some
fellows are mighty enthusiastic, but
just as soon as it becomes real men’s
work, just so soon a great many lose
their interest; but it is, as you say,
different with us. Why, Man, we’re
just as keen for the deer trail as ever
—in fact, I’m not so certain but
what we look forward to each season
more anxiously as we grow older.
When the leaves begin to turn yellow
in the Fall, and the air begins to get
colder, and the snow first shows on
the peaks of the farther ranges, there
is but one thing that fills my mind,
and that is hunting. Like you, I
have the necessary amount of work
to do around the ranch, and this I
seldom neglect; nor do you; but I
guess with both of us it is about the
same; our greatest pleasure is in being
in the hills, or planning for something
of the kind. And just as soon as
one season is over, we are making
calculations for the next, just like
we used to do when we were boys.

ieee LP

ls a te eel tine lng

By :

beg You kne
: My old

Fourth of July used He befor _
be laying plans for another dim
which to buy another bunch fo

guess we're about as foolish as wher a
we were boys, only not quite aa
spry,’ and Jack knocked the ashes
from his pipe, slowly arose and led
the way towards the Bald Knolls,
every step for fifty yards,
plainly indicating rheumatic-stiffened
joints, while it would not have taken
a very keen observer to have de- —
tected the same string-halted move-
ments, for a similar distance, in Tom’s _

walk. es ak

“Guess it’ll be best to hunt the Be
north side of the knolls first,” Tom
remarked in a voice but little above

a whisper as they emerged out of the
heavy timber into the more open ~—
ground that indicated the close prox-
imity of the Bald Knolls. ‘“Noother —
way to work it properly the way the
wind is just now. Better keep a
hundred yards or so apart, work
carefully to the east and meet at
the rim-rock; then drop down to the
south a hundred yards or so, and
back again to the west, and keep at
it until we have covered all the knoll
country, or until we get a deer.”

The Bald Knolls represented a sec-
tion of country rarely hunted by
others of the settlers, due to the
difficulty - encountered in reaching
them and the certainty of strenuous
work in getting a deer out should
one be so fortunate as to kill one.
The knolls lay high up towards the
top of the lower range; covered some-
thing over a mile square of territory;
were carpeted with a luxuriant growth ~
of bunch grass and gashed by several
small ravines, each more or less filled
with thick brush, while an occasional
clump of brush, or fir trees appeared,
all offering tempting places for the
mule deer to feed and bed.

The rim-rock, mentioned by Tom,
was at the east side of the knolls.
To go farther in that direction was
impossible. An occasional fir, or
other small ‘tree, dwarfed from grow-
ing on ground that, as Jack said, was
“mostly rocks,”’ grew right up to the
edge of the cliff which dropped a full

—.

-_ f
» " '" «= 4 . yes » > ag *y . ve
fe. my AND GU N IN CAN
1190 sd has , a fos ; rs Das i as ¥ : é -
Jaz RaN 78 Bu aly ee j Rs pid teeter j
three hundred feet, nearly perpen- ground, Ihey bh ad discove: ed fr
dicularly, to a narrow bench, prob- tracks in the loose soil which happen-

forty feet wide and covered with
ragged-shaped boulders of mammoth
proportions. From the lower edge
of this bench, the cliff again dropped
another two hundred feet to the heav-
ily timbered country below. One
could walk up to the very edge of
the rim-rock and look down on the
narrow boulder-strewn bench below;
but to reach it was utterly impossible
from above, while the nearest ap-
proach to it from below was at the
edge of the heavy timber mentioned.
The ends of the narrow bench narrow-
ed down until they were lost in the
face of the main cliff which at the
points where the bench was absorbed
by the main cliff represented a preci-
pice of approximately five hundred
feet in height.

It was early in the season, with
no snow, and, not having rained for
several weeks, the ground, the grass
and twigs, and branches with which
the knolls were more or less strewn,
were dry and the hunters had ¢o step
with the cautious tread of the mocca-
sined Indian to avoid a noise—and
the slightest sound was to be guarded
against if a successful result was to
be expected.

Taking as much advantage as pos-
sible of the thin fringes of brush and
clumps of small trees, to conceal
their movements, the hunters worked
their way slowly and stealthily up
towards higher ground. Although
they were seldom in sight of each
other, they had hunted together so
frequently for so many years that

_when they did occasionally sight each
other it was to discover that they
were each moving at about the same
speed. When within a few hundred
yards of the rim-rock, and when in
sight of each other, Jack at the bot-
tom of one of the small knolls on the
east side, and Tom just stealing noise-
lessly into view around the foot of the
same knoll fifty yards or so to the
south, Jack held one hand up in a
warning way, while with the other
he pointed the muzzle of his rifle at
the ground. Tom, noting the signal,
raised one hand to indicate that he
understood, while with the muzzle

_ of his rifle he also pointed to the

ably

(2am -

a deer, and without doubt a large

iG
Ai

ed to appear at intervals. And s uch
tracks! Both, in years past, had —
killed scores of deer, many of them, —
naturally, having been large ones; —
a few of them exceptionally so; but —
if one could judge accurately from —
the imprint of a deer’s hoof, the deer —
that manufactured the tracks then
before them far exceeded in size any
deer they had ever killed or heard of —
in that section. he

Soon after this they entered thick
brush and did not see each other
again for ten minutes or so. Then
they were but about sixty or seventy
yards apart. Directly in front ap- —
peared a ravine densely filled with —
brush. The sun was directly behind ©
them, the bright rays reaching to —
the bottom of the brush-filled ravine. —
Stepping carefully, and scrutinizing
with eagle eyes the sun-bathed brush —
below, they approached as hunters —
who fully realized that the slightest
false movement might mean failure. —

‘Crash! Crash! Thud! Thud!’’ Then
silence so loud, as Jack afterwards
said when relating the incident, “that
you could feel it.” Neither Jack
nor Tom had seen. a thing. The
brush was very dense, and the sun
shining so brightly on the saffron-—
colored foliage, blended all colors so —
perfectly that unless an object were
in motion, it could not be readily
distinguished. While they had seen
nothing in the way of deer, it was
due to their not having looked in
the right place at the right time.
They knew, and knew perfectly, that

one, had jumped either from having
scented one of them or from hearing
the snapping of a twig underneath
one of their feet. Judging from the
sound which had so suddenly crashed
on their ears and then as suddenly
ceased, the deer had been but little
over thirty yards from them, nearly
equally distant from each, but slightly
below them,*and something like ten”
or fifteen yards out of line of the twe
hunters who were now eagerly scan-
ning the brush-filled ravine for
big buck they were sure was standing
motionless in waiting for a sound, ¢
scent or sight from one of them whi

o
ec K
4 Pe

away. =
otionless, His with rifles cocked,

the two hunters stood watching for

the slightest movement in- the brush

_ that would indicate the deer’s posi-

tion. One, two, possibly three min-
utes passed during which not a sound
broke the stillness nor the movement
of a single leaf occurred in the thicket.
Hunters with less experience would
have decided that the deer had quietly
slipped away. But not so with Jack
and Tom who, from long experience
in deer hunting, knew that he was
standing statue-like in the brush un-
decided as to his future movements;

and they would only be decided when ~

one, or both of the hunters had been
located either by scent, sight or
sound.

At this very critical point in the
game, Jack was seized with an un-
controllable desire to sneeze. He
endeavored to smother it, as he after-
wards contended when relating the
interesting experience, but without
being successful. In fact, when that
sneeze finally broke the stillness, it,
according to Jack’s version, more
nearly resembled the explosion of a
bomb factory than the sound of a
subdued sneeze. But the sneeze
brought forth results. Jack had the
pleasure of seeing that deer for the

’ half of but one magnificently tantaliz-

ing bound. No more and no less;
but that was through a‘ compara-
tively clear space, and during the
brief second that his eyes beheld the
fleeting sight, Jack saw a buck of
mammoth proportions, crowned with
a set of antlers so large, so many-

‘tined, and of such symmetrical form

that for years afterwards he would
often find himself suddenly awakened
from a sound sleep staring fixedly
into pitch darkness and seeing as
clearly as in broad daylight a vision
of that same buck, .and particularly
the pe head that over-shadowed
else.

Among the ranchers were many
skillful riflemen, but none that for
quick and deadly work with the rifle
were considered Jack’s equal. Yet
he had had absolutely no chance to
make a winning shot on the big buck,
but from the momentary glimpse he

Beha =
ea dee.

jon that he would ra
it han any fifty of the best j

many that had fallen before his.
Centennial.

jump made by the buck illo the i
unfortunate sneeze, Tom had watch- Ri.
ed for the buck as he crashed through | 4

the brush headed nearly toward him ~
at first, but swerving farther to one —
side as he came opposite, to stop
within about forty yards. Up to this
time Tom had been able to keep his
bearings on the deer from the crash-.
ing only. - When he came to a dead.
stop, which was at the end of one
mighty bound, it was to leave only
his hips exposed to the acknowledged
skilled rifleman behind the old Ballard
Pacific. The rest of the big buck ©
was completely hidden by a mam-
moth yellow pine. Tom could easily
have shot the deer through the hips,
and had he done so, the heavy bullet
would no doubt have anchored him
for a sufficient period to have enabled
the hunter to have given the really
fatal shot. But if there was one
thing that Tom would not deliber-
ately do, it was to shoot a standing
deer in any such fashion.

“You may find me hitting a run-
ning deer—well, where I don’t want
to,’ Tom had often been heard to say,
“but when. you find me shooting
one through the hips when he is
standing, just take it from me that
A thought I was shooting at his shoul-

ers.”

Much as Jack would have liked to
have killed the big buck, he, believing
that Tom would eventually have an
opportunity of landing a bullet that
would place the prize in his hands,
had not moved one foot from where
he had been standing from the time
the big buck made his first brush-
crashing leap.

“Tf [I try to move down that way,
ever so carefully, it might result in
Tom losing a shot. The old buck
has stopped to get his bearings—or
rather ours—and while I know from
the very fact that Tom doesn’t shoot
that the buck is hidden from him,
I am in hopes that he will finally
expose himself for just one second,
and if he does, Tom will do the rest.”

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vo i

Thus J ack reasoned while he w ait

ed. Tom had assumed a sitting posi-
tion in order to get a clear view of the
deer when it should change its posi-
tion. Here he waited patiently with
rifle aligned to the side of the tree
where the buck’s head and shoulders
would likely appear when he finally
decided to move on. But Tom had
miscalculated. Finally, after an age
of waiting, the deer’s hips disappear-
; ed behind the big pine. Tom’s grip
tightened slightly on the old reliable
Ballard. A second more and the
head and shoulders would surely
appear, a slight upward movement
_ of the rifle and the sights would be
aligned on the fatal spot and the
Big Buck of the Bald Knolls would
enter Deers’ Paradise.
8 With Tom it was a matter of mis-
_ calculation again. He never actually
saw the deer again, the nearest ap-

€ proach to it being the mammoth
antlers as the big buck slowly par-
-_ aded past, his body, head, neck,—
__ everything of a vital nature on which
Tom so longed to train the old Bal-
_ Jard, having been completely and

__ effectually hidden by a large log held
up from the ground by its limbs to
a a height just sufficient to permit his
seeing nothing whatever but the
horns. And such horns! Jack had
caught but a fleeting glimpse of them
as the deer bounded toward safety
yet he knew that they were unusually
large and symmetrical. With Tom it
had been different. While the deer
had slowly walked a distance of sixty
feet, or possibly somewhat more,
Z Tom had been permitted to gaze on
the big buck’s antlers at the close
range of probably less than thirty
- yards. Under such conditions he
could form a pretty accurate opinon
as to their probable size. He told
himself that they out-classed in every
way any set he had ever secured, or,
so far as he could determine with any
degree of certainty, ever seen.
_. “When he reaches the end of the
log,’”? Tom told himself, ““my chance
will come.” Another miscalculation
on Tom’s part. Ten feet from the
place Tom had selected for slaughter,
_. the horns dropped from sight. The
big buck was not seen again that day.
He had simply taken advantage of

ly shelter, and of the all too-
plentiful brush, and vanished. |

During their many years of ex-
perience in the game fields, there had —
been an almost entire absence of
rivalry between them, but the more
each pondered over the unusual size
and symmetry of the antlers which
surmounted the head of the big buck,
the more each coveted the honor of
laying the monarch low with one
well-directed shot from his heavy
rifle which would place the cherished
trophy in his possession. The day
ended, however, in gloom for them,
so far as vanquishing the big buck
was concerned; though each of the
hunters killed an average size deer
later in the day. These were both ~
packed out on their saddle horses ©
which had been left a few hundred
yards below in the morning, the
hunters reaching their respective
homes along towards midnight.

Their ranches joined, their houses
being but an hundred yards or so
apart. The next morning Mrs. Pear-
son and Mrs. Bennett met at the
latter's home for a few moments’
conversation, parts of which properly
belong at this part of the story.

“T don’t know what’s come over
Jack so suddenly,” said Mrs. Bennett. |
“He didn’t get home from the hunt.
with Tom yesterday until about
eleven o'clock, and by the time he ~—
had the deer hung up, his horsetaken
care of and his supper eaten I am
certain that it must have been well
on to one o'clock; but in spite of all
this, he was up at three, fed his horse,
had taken a hurried breakfast and
was in the saddle and off by half-past
four. Jack usually doesn’t keep any
secrets to himself, but this morning —
he certainly wasn’t overly communic-
ative with me; and what’sa puzzleto
me is why he should have behaved ~
in such an unusual manner. Just
said that he was going hunting; that
was all. Just why he should be off
on another hunt so soon with a
deer on hand, I can’t understand. —
Goodness knows that he has plenty ~
of work about the ranch that needs ~
doing when we consider that winter —
is but a little way ahead.” 2

ay
+ aie
*,

wy

by
Rhy

~

ask 4 7 ‘
nt. e also left herr dayhgnes)
erely ‘said he was going hunting.

Said he might be back to-day, but
as likely would not~be until to-mor-
row. You know that Tom and Jack

have often camped on a deer’s trail

and taken it up again the next day;
_ possibly Tom thought that if he got

in a good deer section, he might camp

there for the night, hunt to-morrow

and come home after night. Still it
does seem strange that he couldn’t

_ have explained things a little better.”

“Of course they went together,”
replied Mrs. Bennett. “‘No one ever
heard of Tom or Jack hunting sep-
arately when it was possible to both
leave their work at the same time.
Knowing that they will be together, I
guess there’s nothing to worry about;
still, I'd like to know just why they
should act in such a mysterious way
over the matter of a day’s hunt or
two.”

But the wives of the two hunters
were wrong. About the last thing
desired by either Tom or Jack was
the company of the other. Each
had been thinking more during the
two hours they were in bed over
getting into the hills early unknown
to the other than anything else. So
certain was each that he alone would
be hunting for the big buck of the
bald knolls that day that it was some-
thing in the nature of a surprise when
Tom found Jack’s horse lariated near
the spring a mile from the knolls,
the usual place for leaving their
horses when hunting in that locality.
After having made this important
discovery, Tom, not desiring that
Jack should later discover his horse
in the neighborhood, picketed his
animal farther up the mountain, out
of sight of Jack’s, and then hurried-
ly. but stealthily, worked his way

_ up towards the knolls where he felt

certain that Jack was at that moment
hunting assiduously for the big buck

each was so anxious to train his rifle on..

If Tom was surprised at finding
Jack’s horse picketed early in the
morning, it was no less of a surprise
when in the afternoon Jack sighted
Tom slipping along through a thin

i: he of brush, high up on the side

Slowly, stealthily, sleceieg
endeavoring to keep out of
of the other, Jack and Tom hunt
the entire day, only stopping when
darkness made it imperative. Dur-
ing the day each had sighted the
other several times, but the second —
the discovery was made a change —
in the course being hunted by the
discoverer would be made and eae
day ended without either knowing ~
that the other was aware of his being ©
in the hills after the big buck. That
night each unknown to the other, —
wrapped himself in his blanket be-
side a little smouldering camp fire,
in the bottom of the game gulch, less
than a quarter of a mile separating
them, and dreamed of the big buck —
of the bald knolls barely escaping —
the fatal bullet from his rifle only —
to see it fall before the fatal aim of
his rival.

The next day was but a repetition
of the first and ended with both
hunters arriving at home at a late
hour, but without the big buck, and
both oblivious of the fact that the
other knew his rival had been after
the prize each would so dearly have
appreciated securing.

The days and weeks passed with-
out the big buck falling a victim to
the rifle of either hunter, though dur-
ing the period preceding the appear-
ance of the first tracking snow, he
was hunted by both Tom and Jack
whenever they could persuade them-
selves that their presence on the
ranches was not absolutely impera-
tive. Jack knew that Tom was de-
voting a great deal of time hunting
the big buck, but Tom did not know
that Jack knew this, and the same
thing could be said of Tom. Thus
matters went on until the first track-
ing snow came, wrapping mountain
top and valley in a mantle of white.
Now, if ever, would be the time to
decide the fate of the big buck. His. |
track was so much larger than any
others that his identity could not be
well mistaken, but to place the mat-
ter beyond all doubt, both hunters
had long before discovered that the
imprint of one hoof was far different

i

a. ad 1194 = 7 le 7, kon “ R ye ANAT d)

from the others, and this was so mark-

ed that to confuse the big buck’s
track with another was impossible.

It was barely light enough to see
the sights of a rifle clearly when Tom’s
eyes fell on the buck’s track. To
the eye of the experienced hunter, it
was evident that the old fellow was
in no hurry. He didn’t seem to
have any particular route mapped
out, as his trail led first in one direc-
tion and then in another, often back-
tracking and as frequently crossing
his own trail to later keep a direct
course for fifty yards or so, only to

_fall into his crooked tra‘l-making
habits again.

“Going to lie down soon,” Tom
told himself, basing his opinion on
the crazy fashion the buck had track-
ed around in the newly fallen, fea-
thery snow. “Going to take careful
work to get a fellow as cute as he
is, but I’ve tracked many of them
right to the end of their trails, and
so has Jack, too, for that mat—,”
and then Tom’s mental reflections
came to an abrupt stop.

“Guess I’m not the only bird in
the hills. Some other fellow has
stumbled onto the big buck’s trail.
And—it’s Jack Dennett as sure as
I'm alive. Wonder~why I didn’t
think of it before,’ and Tom, after
hurriedly examining the man’s tracks
which appeared at the side of the
buck’s trail, quietly slipped off to one
side remarking as he did so:

“Tll work on the supposition that
he will take to the north. If he does,
I'll stand a chance of having Jack
driving him toward me. This may
not be a losing game for Tom Pearson
after all,’ and Tom moved along
through the fluffy snow producing no

-more sound than the ghost of a
moccasined Siwash.

“Tf I don’t get ahead of the deer,
possibly I may drop in behind it but
‘in front of Jack. Doesn’t look just
like a square game for us to be work-
ing the thing this way, but ‘all’s fair
in love and war,’ and—deer hunting
and unless I lose my guess, the game
will be decided before night,’ and
Tom dropped the old Ballard into
the hollow of his left arm while his

a a,

‘ie oh 4stAlN.

ia a Far
thumb lay on the spt
hammer ready

slowly and silently along the trail of
the big buck. The old Centennial —
was kept in constant readiness for
emergencies. Jack was fully expect-
ing to sight the big buck any moment.
The constant winding of the trail
indicated an early bedding place. q
When the old fellow would finally
bound from his snowy sleeping quar-
ters, it might be at very close range,
especially if he bedded in the brush,
and if he did, quick work would
necessarily result if his many-tined
antlers were to ornament the cabin
walls of Jack’s habitacion.

‘All I want is helf a chanve,’ Jack
was telling himself, his eyes piercing
the gloomiest places in the thick
brush, now ahead, now to the right
and left and occasionally glancing
on the back-track.

‘‘Another hunter in the hills ” ex-
claimed Jack. ‘Thought I was play-
ing a one-handed game with the buck
a sure stake.”

Tom had fallen in ahead of Jack
as the latter discovered by a man’s
tracks preceding him, and the chances
appeared to Jack at that stage of the
game, to be decidedly in Tom’s favor.
Believing that the big buck was
bedded near, and that he would
soon have to quit his bed and seek
safety in sudden flight, and trust-
ing to luck permitting him escaping
Tom’s watchful eye, Jack swung
sharply to the right toward the rim-
rock believing the chances were that
the buck, if lucky enough to slip
out of the brush unseen by Tom
would be almost certain to run up:
hill in which event Jack would better
have an opportunity of intercepting
him. And he was partly right. He >
heard the big fellow bound from his
bedding place, and so did Tom who
at that moment was but a scant
thirty yards to one side, while both
of the hunters saw the snow fall from
the thick brush through which the
hunted deer plowed a hasty passage— _
but neither Jack nor Tom saw the —
big buck though both of their rifles —
were at their shoulders, their fingers _
ready fo press the triggers the instant _

i‘

the big buck should come into view

ie

; F but
we

qe aa appearing in an opening seventy-
five yards beyond, as the hunters
fully expected he would, the streak of
powdery snow falling from the brush
which plainly marked the buck’s
route, suddenly swerved to the right,
then stopped. The big buck had
again eluded his would-be slayers
by changing his course within a few
yards of the opening that would have
meant his death had he dashed into
it, and dropping over a cut bank,
turned down the mountain.

Then Tom’s and Jack’s eyes met!

“Hello, Old Timer!’ came from the
lips of both simultaneously and they
silently approached each other both
looking somewhat confused, and not
a little ashamed.

“Say, Jack,” said Tom, “I think
we've played this game lone-handed
long enough; what d’you think?
S’pose we throw in together from
now on and let the buck fall to the
lucky one. I’ve been doing my best
to kill that big fellow, unknown to
you, for the last six weeks; but if
I’d succeeded, I’d have felt like a
sneak all the rest of my life. There
now; I’ve made an honest confession
and feel better. What d’you- say,
will we throw in together or not?’

“Will we?” repeated Jack. ‘‘Well
I should say that we will. You say
you'd feel like a sneak if you had
killed that buck unknown to me?
That just exactly expresses the way
I'd have felt if he had fallen to my
luck; and I’ve been’ doing my best
to land him ever since the day we
came so near getting him six weeks
ago but failed. There’s only one
way for you and me to hunt and
that is the way we have all our lives;
—hunt together with all thoughts of
rivalry cut out. Hey, Tom?”

The conversation had been carried
on in low tones. Tom having re-
ceived an affirmative answer to his
query, the two quickly laid plans
calculated to circumvent the big
buck. How well they succeeded will
appear later.

Usually one of them kept the trail
in sight while the other kept well to
one side, each endeavoring to keep

the other’s whereabouts in mind at

. 4 aie r ; ee N . ¢
; ‘the: Meccan fk a second. | ha sane tithe kee ping

spied of keeping straight ahead

_ began to shorten and

out for the big buck whic
felt certain would now fall a
to one of their rifles,—which :
now that the spirit of rivalry |
been forever smothered, mattered
the slightest. O, but it made both
feel like honest men to be again ha
ing together as of old!! For a full
half-mile, straight down the mountain ©
side, the tracks of the big buck Ted! i
them. Jumps of twenty feet, or pos-
sibly more, were a sure indication —
that the old fellow had at last arrived —
at a place in his career where he real
thought he was being hunted in earn-
est, and that it was just as well to
take things seriously and place as
great a distance between him and hist a
pursuers as possible and in the least Ay
time he was capable of. Shortly after ie 3
the hunters had decided that it was.
likely to be an all-day task, the jumps
ithin an hun- Ber
dred yards the tracks indicated a
walk. Another hundred yards the
trail turned to the north, and within ~
five minutes the hunters were fol- re
lowing the deer straight up the moun- |
tain side, the deer, judging from his __
tracks alone, evidently moving along
in the most unconcerned manner
imaginable as though hunters and
deadly rifles were the last of earthly
things to worry about. =
When within a half-mile of the —
rim-rock, mentioned at the beginning
of this story, Jack, sighting Tom
who had been keeping an hundred
yards to one side, motioned to Tom
who hurried quickly towards him.
On approaching him, Jack said:
*“A fellow can never tell the tricks
a deer will spring on him at any
time, but if he keeps his present §
course, I should judge that he has ‘
grown tired of life and is headed for
the rim-rock and seriously contem-
plating jumping off and committing ©
suicide. I’ve an idea about the pro-
per thing for us to do will be to
separate, one taking each side of his
trail. The country is fairly open a
few hundred yards ahead and, as you
know, clear up to the rim-rock, so
that we will soon be able to keep
the trail in sight most of the time
and keep quite a way to the side.
He’s not at all badly scared just now,

== <a ea Theo’
a eae. ee Re ee De eae

ae

ite.
Sy
Styl.
ee’

co ain See

a
Bey
“ .

Se ee am
*

at almost the same instant.

if one can judge from the trail he is

making, and it wouldn’t surprise me
at all if something should happen
and he would give us a pretty decent
chance at him in fairly open country.
If he should, well, you know what is
likely to be the result; one of us will
have a head worth while. Hey,
Tom?” —

“Sure thing,”’ replied that individ-
ual, “but now that we have got over
being foolish, I don’t care which is
the lucky man.”

“Same here,”’ replied Jack but little
above a whisper. And then they
separated, Jack taking the north side
of the trail and Tom the south.
Usually they were in sight of each
other, though as they came near the
rim-rock, Tom found it necessary
to cross a little brush-filled ravine
which for the time being threw him
out of sight of both Jack and the
deer’s trail. At the same time Jack
had entered a scattering growth of
small firs which practically concealed
his movements from the deer if he
happened to be near the rim-rock, as
they firmly believed him to be, and
each certainly hoped that such would
prove to be the case. However
there were a few clumps of small firs
in that section which might be taken
advantage of by the deer, and if he
should, and managed wisely,—and
he had often proven to be one of the
most elusive either of the hunters
had ever trailed,—then it was possible
he might let them approach exasper-
atingly near and then, by using the
cover afforded, slip away at the last
moment leaving two disconsolate
hunters to follow a seemingly never
ending trail.

The career of the big buck of the
bald knolls, however, was rapidly
drawing to a tragical close. Tom
and Jack emerged from concealment
Both
stopped to look the country over
carefully. They were now practically
on the same level with the rim-rock,
and, so far as they could determine,
they were pretty certain of soon see-
ing the wise old buck that had eluded
them so often. The sun shone with
all the brilliancy of a summer day,
and every part of the trail made by

the big deer was plainly visible up

Q p +1 sm 1 a
ch grew -rock. —
So far as they could determine at a
distance of seventy-five yards, there
were no tracks leading out which —
led them to believe that the old fel-
low they were in quest of was finding
concealment therein. That he was
they had substantial evidence of
almost as they were pondering the
problem, for the big buck of the bald
knolls stepped out in plain sight,
broadside to the hunters, the mag-
nificent animal, which it seemed a
crime to shoot, crowned with the
antlers they had so long coveted.
The old Centennial cracked sharply,
the old reliable Ballard spoke in no
less uncertain tones a quarter second
later to be almost as quickly followed
by another summons from the old
Centennial; and then, but not until
then, did the Big Buck of the Bald
Knolls fall dying to the ground within
a scant ten feet of the rim-rock onto ~~
ground that sloped sharply to the
very edge which rose perpendicularly
three hundred feet above the boulder
strewn bench below.
“Quick, Jack!’ ““‘Hurry Tom!’’ were
exclamations that broke on the crisp
winter air as both hunters rushed
forward fully realizing that the big E
buck in his death struggles would be
almost certain to slide down the sharp ~
slope towards the rim-rock so danger-
ously near,’ and if he did—! But
quick action on their part might pre-
vent such a calamity. As they ap- .
proached, they found the monster
deer lying as he fell, and perfectly
motionless. Less experienced hunt-
ers would have felt no uneasiness, but
Jack and Tom well knew that when
the final struggles came, unless they
put forth their utmost efforts, the
big buck would of a certainty slide
down the sharp slope and over the
three-hundred foot cliff and strike
the rocky bench below a mass of
bruised flesh, broken bones and shat-
tered antlers.
Quickly setting their rifles against ~
a small tree, twenty yards from the
big deer, they hurried nearer. ANG
“Grab that small fir, Tom, with —
one hand. Quick, now. Now give —
me the other,’ and with Tom hold- —
ing to the fir with one hand; Jack —

Bat ould i just.
_ deer they had managed, after many
hard days’

“

te a tn eee ayer

Ee SS re. le
‘ #

Nas iphone ab with hand
ner, and with he na
ee an oe

yack one hind leg of the

hunting, to kill. And
wasn’t he a prize? They estimated
his dressed weight at not less than
three hundred pounds, while each
felt certain that the many-tined ant-
lers would spread not far from forty
inches. All this they had quickly
let run through their minds, not over-

_ looking the fact that the life blood
was oozing from three bullet holes

in the side of the fallen monarch, all

~ of which could easily have been cov-
ered with one’s hand.

Then came the catastrophe.

Slowly the hind legs were drawn
forward; the muscles of the entire
body became tense. The hunters
well knew that this was but a pre-
liminary to the final death struggles,
and each prepared for the worst.

“Hold hard, Tom.’ ‘Then the
powerful hind legs, which had so often
sent him through the air in his twenty-
foot leaps, straightened out. Mortal

man could not have retained his hold

under such circumstances. Asa con-
sequence of the violent movement,
Jack lost his grip and was sent sprawl-
ing. The big buck continued his

The killer whale usually travels and hunts
in “schools’’ or packs of from three to a dozen
or more individuals. Unlike most whales,
the members of these schools do not travel in
a straggling party, but swim side by side,
their movements as regularly timed as those
of sailors. A regularly spaced row of ad-
vancing long black fins swiftly cutting the
undulating surface of the sea produces a
singular sinister effect. The evil impression
is well justified, says the National Geographic
Magazine, since killers are the most savage
and remorseless of whales. The jaws are
armed with rows of effective teeth, with which
the animals attack and devour seals and
porpoises and even destroy some of the larger

- whales.
Killers are like giant wolves of the sea,
and their ferocity strikes terror to other warm-

te blooded inhabitants of the deep. The Eski-

(1 di ack oe that he Nendeavoriiate a ASP OF

feet below.

WOLVES OF THE SEA

‘day certain wolves and killers are still en-

feet, at the same time urgin C
to hold fast to the tree and to Ja

hand. But all without avail. Itv A
all over within a few seconds ¢ .

the beginning of the final struggle sle
the buck of the bald knolls in his Ki
death struggles rapidly neared the
cliff and with his slayers unable to aE
stop his downward course, he slid
over the precipice and went crashing y
to the jagged rocks three hundred

“Mighty lucky thing you let loose,”
said Tom, “for if you had held on
he’d have taken you over sure. I
couldn’t have held another ounce.”’ —

““T didn’t let loose,’ replied Jack,
“he kicked loose. No man living |. ©
could have held him when struggling |
like that.” a.

“That makes me sick,’ said Tom,
to which Jack quickly replied, “Me
too. I wish the old fellow was alive
this minute.’

““Same here,’ said Tom, shoulder-
ing the old Ballard, and with Jack
bringing up the rear with the old
Centennial, they regretfully started
homeward but without the Big Buck
of the Bald Knolls.

9

mos of the Alaskan coast of Bering Sea con-
sider killers as actual wolves in sea form.
They believe that in the early days, when
the world was young and men and animals
could change their form at will, land wolves
often went to the edge of the shore ice and
changed to killer whales, and the killers re-
turned to the edge of the ice and came out
as wolves, to go ravening over the land.
Some of the natives assure us that even to-

dowed with this power, and; on account of
their malignant character, are much feared
by hunters.

Killers are known to swallow small seals
and porpoises entire and attack large whales
by tearing away their fleshy lips and tongues.
When attacking large prey they work in
packs, with all the unity and fierceness of so
many wolves.

T is a wonderful river, the broad
Niagara. Tumbling, tossing, glid-
ing, glinting its tumultuous way

to the deep-bosomed lake, always
the same, yet ever different with as
many moods of fascination as the coy-
est maiden boasts. One never wear-
ies of its majesty and it seems as
though with every trip some new
and interesting delight reveals itself.

So it is with the Fishing Traps along
its shores. Many times one has taken
the beautiful Gorge Route along those
precipitous banks but the little wood-
en platforms built out into the stream
here and there passed almost un-
noticed, dwarfed into insignificance
by the grandeur of the waters and
trees. How very interesting those
small places were, we never discover-
ed until one golden day in late Oc-
tober when we were enjoying our last
boat trip of the season and the Very
Good Friend asked us to go with him
to visit his Fishing Trap.

The very name “fishing trap’’ sa-
vours of romance and adventure and
when we heard that the name of the
boat to take us there was none other
than ““The Pirate’ the glamour of
mystery was complete. It was with
a world of interest and anticipation
therefore that we left the big boat
at Queenston and embarked in the
sturdy little Pirate II for our trip
further up the river to the traps. The
great Cayuga loomed mountainous
above us, as she turned to cross to
Lewiston while we chugged along
bravely in her wake, looking no doubt,
in comparison very much like the
historical cockleshell of nursery fame
wherein the three little men set sail
for the Land of Nod!

It was decidedly re-assuring, how-
ever, to know that it was only by
comparison that The Pirate seemed
so small. In reality she was a good-
sized boat, large- enough, indeed to
accommodate _ thirty-eight. people
which she did on one momentous
occasion when a whole Sunday School

¥ 16) PEN ROPE seis
A VISIT TO THE FISH
OF NIAGARA

MyrtTLe LEETA CHERRY

ee a

oles i cs QE age } ; ren
Fate ye A “te als *
eats o os Pe Ye
ING TRAPS
. ri
A ’

picnic enjoyed a jaunt in her!
markably well built with sturdy sides,
and lines especially designed to breast
the terrific force of the current of
the upper Niagara River, she had
a draught of only five inches and an

engine which was a marvel inits way.

And moreover at the engine and steer-
ing gear stood Heck, the weather-
bronzed boatsman, who knew this
treacherous river almost as well as
his own soul, which is saying a good

deal, isn’t it? In his veins ran the 4

blood of those dauntless braves who
mastered the frail birch bark canoe
and made it do their will while almost

all his life had been spent within the

sound of Niagara’s roar.

Knowing all this then, we thor- —

oughly enjoyed the half-mile ride
from Queenston to the particular trap
we were bound for. There are in
all, seven traps on the Niagara River
but only two on the Canadian side
of the river and it is of these Can-
adian traps that I would tell you,
although, really all the traps are work-
ed on the same principle and the
utmost good feeling exists among
their owners.

A strong platform is built from
shore for about fifteen or twenty feet

out into the swirling current and at %Z

the end of that is the trap proper.
The best location is determined evi-
dently by the direction of the current
at that particular spot and this trap
is situated in an eddy that brings
almost everything that comes that
way into its wire basket. The real

intricacies of construction are of
course beyond me and I can but ~
describe from a feminine viewpoint ~
purely. At first glance, the trap re- ~
sembled very much an old-fashioned ~

well with its creaking windlass and
rope to draw up the bucket. But

right there the resemblance ceased,
for instead of the bucket one might ~

expect to see when the windlass turn-
ed there came up a great wire-bottom-

ed basket.of silvery fish. Lit le
1198 is

Re- |

——————

out from the basket and the other

hd diac fon Con)

5
ed 2

trap to keep the weeds and driftwood

end of the trap is quite wide open.
The big square basket with its low
wooden sides and close wire bottom
is, of course, submerged always in
the water and the fish swim into it
on their way up the river. They
could, quite easily turn around and
swim out of it again but they never
do!

When Friend Fish swims into the
trap he quite naturally keeps on swim-

ming until he reaches the end of it

and there he runs into a network of

fine threads which of course even his

lightest touch sets in palpitating mo-
tion. . These threads in turn are join-
ed to a longer strand which comes
up to the windlass and stretches
smoothly along from the trap to the
inside of one of the quaint little houses
nestled closely on the river bank.

._ And there this thread sets a bell to

agitated tinkling which tells Jerry,
always on the alert within, that there
are fish a-waiting him in the trap.
That’s the first time I ever heard of
a fish ringing a telephone but won-
ders they say will never cease!

So Jerry goes out and winds up
the windlass and gathers in the fish
by means of a long-handled net.
But even before he goes out at all,
so expert has he become that he can
tell at once from the sort of tinkle
the bell gives just what sort of fish
is in the trap. A herring, it seems,
just barely touches the string while
a pickerel sets the bell a-tinkling sev-
eral times in quick succession, and
an eel, when he comes along just
twines about among the strings and
keeps the bell jangling till finally he
breaks the connection altogether.

There are many strange and seem-
ingly unexplainable things about fish
one learned. For instance, a little
rock bass will wander into the trap
and though the fishing may have
been very poor all day long, Jerry

will know that very soon a school of

pickerel will come along to the trap.
Or if on the other, hand the fish have
been running well and a little lone

rock bass appears it always means

that there will be no. more fish that

en “gateways” as they are call-
re built at the upper end of the

ne at

h run bes
and especially in the last quarter of
the moon. Moreover it is in swim-—
ming up the river and not down it

that the fish are drawn into the trap —
and by the way inswimming down the

1
4,
v3
;
4
By

river the fish always come down ~
backward. They back down with,

the current because instinct tells them
that if they swam down in the ordin-

ary way, the rushing current would
drown. Sometimes a great twenty-
five or thirty pound sturgeon will
be drawn into the trap and that is
indeed a catch par excellence, for the
spawn brings as much as four dollars
a pound and we later on pay very
much more for it in the form of Cavi-
are.

It was a wonderful sensation to sit
in the comfortable old rocking chair
beside the windlass and trap, right
in the midst of that eddying current:
and calmly wait for a fish to come:
along and ring the telephone. There
seemed so subtle a content aboutit
that one could have waited there
forever but Jerry was mysteriously
busy in his tiny kitchen and the Very
Good Friend with Heck was waiting
to take us up the river in The Pirate.

Yes! Up the river! Right up as
far as ever man had dared to venture
in that maelstrom of waters and
where no boats but the Pirate I and
her successor, the present Pirate II.
had ever been able to go. It was a
never-to-be-forgotten trip, filled to
the brim with thrills and beauty and
one that will.be treasured in remem-
brance as long as memory lasts. As
I said before the engine of the Pirate
was remarkably strong but even with
it going full speed ahead the strength
of those rushing waters held us al-
most at a standstill as though furious
that man dare wrestle with their
strength. Close to shore we crept
along, up and up, now turning quickly
aside to show almost beneath our
sides the black jagged point of a sub-
merged rock; now caught in a swirl-
ing stretch of water that danced us
up and down like a cork. Some-

times the waters slid away from us

almost deadly still and quiet with

“5
QM

3

flood into their gills and they would mt

.

1200

but a hint of the seething rage be-
neath and sometimes they purled over
rocks beside us with very paeans of
joy. In and out Heck skilfully took
us and up we went around points and
turns, past Smuggler’s Cove until
at last just around the next point
writhed and leaped the foam of the
rapids below the whirlpool. Then
we turned.

There can surely be nothing more
lovely than those towering banks of
Niagara and never had it been pos-
sible to truly see their loveliness as
we did that day from the little Pirate
dancing up and down on the river
between. Autumn had tinted with
shadings of crimson and’ gold the
beautiful trees which so thickly clothe
the bank on the Canadian side and
looking, one could think of nothing
but a gorgeous tufted carpet of Orien-
tal hues spread at the footstool of
God. The more rugged banks of
the American side seemed like grim
stone battlements and castles of med-
ieval days with trees and vines
covering them here and there and
se and cars like tiny ants to and
ro.

Once turned about, the trip back
to the trap was a very speedy one for

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA ©

the current just rushed us along and _

the spray shattered off each side of us
like mists of foam. By the way,
there is a spot where for half a mile
the current of Niagara flows upwards
and Heck told me they call it the
Merry-Go-Round because it is pos-
sible to go up with it and the eddy
will, bring the boat back with no
assistance from the engine. I won-
der will man ever be able to truly
fathom the mysteries of this grand
old Father of Waters.

And when we came back to the
dear little house on the bank with its
immaculate furnishings, Jerry, whois
a cook to dream about had dinner
ready for us. Fish, swimming in the
river but half an hour before and now
fried to a luscious golden brown,
golden discs of crisp French fried po-
tatoes, home made buns and cakes
and canteloupe melons so large and
juicy one scarcely dared to tackle
them. As we ate and enjoyed every
morsel, the Very Good Friend told
us tales of the river before us and
presently Jerry brought in his banjo
and played and sang for us while a
pale little ghost of a moon climbed
over the high bank to shed her light
alike over water and trees and traps.

IN CAMP ON MONTREAL RIVER.

LOWLY the Spring sun dropped
toward the Western ocean and
presently in a glorious burst of

color it passed completely out of
sight, as one might say “behind”
the broad Pacific. At any rate it
disappeared leaving the heavens a
gorgeous mass of gold and rose colored
hues that slowly gave way to purples
in the cloud tints, and then to grays,
until finally a bit of orange colored
sky was all that remained of the
sunset. Not a breeze disturbed the
broad expanse of ocean, but the
heavy swell rolled in and flung itself
on the shingly beach of the~ West
Coast of the island—Vancouver Is-
land—to be exact. It was a monot-
onous thing this surf breaking
on the beach. With no appar-
ent force behind it, it seemed
to be a thing alive, especially so at
this particular place, as the bit of
beach was exposed to the full swing
of the Pacific. Fifty yards back
from the beach the rocks climbed
up toward the sky for a good hundred
feet, then they dropped back for

1201

F. V. WILLIAMS

perhaps five or six feet in a long
irregular shelf that extended a half
mile along the cliff face and ended
where the cliff pointing skyward
for another hundred feet was broken
into a mass of irregular rock forma-
tions, a few rugged firs and ever-
green trees clinging to the occasional.
crevice in the rocks where there was
soil enough to sustain them; beyond
the largest group of these trees was
a long dark crevice, which looked
like a cave, and a small bit of a red
squirrel sitting up on a branch fully
fifty feet from the ground glued his
eyes to this particular spot as if he
had seen a ghost. Yes sir, he did
a-n-d there was something moving
in the shadow of that crevice, or
cavern, or whatever you might call
it. For a full minute the little red
watcher never moved, it was nearly
time for him to curl up in the hollow
of a staunch old stub he had known
as home for some two years. His
“wee bit tummy” was as full as he
could stuff it with edibles he had
gathered this beautiful spring day,

B

1202

a

but something held him to wate
the cave, and just here with a fright-
ened chatter he went up another
twenty-five feet and gazed back at
a long slender, tan colored animal,
a great cat, that leisurely came slink-
ing out of the shadow onto the shelf.
It was nearly dark now, but there
was still light enough for little bushy-
tail to distinguish the long, lithe
one yawn and stretch its powerful
length and measure his reach on a
nearby tree ‘“‘sharpening his claws’
much as any domestic cat might do.

The squirrel ran out on a branch
and with a nimble leap made the
next tree and from there fairly raced
down that tree and away across
through the underbrush to his home
in the stump. At the rustle among
the foliage caused by the tiny feet
the big cat looked quickly up and
bared her fangs in a horrible grin,
but as there was no repetition of
the disturbance he presently moved
out onto the shelf and slowly walked
toward a point where the rocks were
much easier of ascent, and twenty
minutes later found her looking out
over the sea from the top of the cliff,
It was a great picture, the huge tan
colored cat standing gazing seaward
from the edge of a precipice some
hundred feet high, while behind the
dark firs made the gloom complete
and down below the long Pacific
combers broke into a white smother
of foam on the boulder strewn beach.

A star appeared away up over the
gloomy wood, then another, and
another, and in a short space of time
the whole heavens without a visible
cloud were ablaze with the watchers
of the ages. A bit of breeze came
rustling through the branches of a
nearby windfall and had you looked
closely you would have seen the bi
cougar moving away in the shadows.
Directly inland she went evidently
with some objective point in view
and in a long half hour this same
cougar came to an abrupt pause on
the edge of a bit of natural clearing.
Across on the left was a bit of swamp
that had_you followed would have
led you into a thicket a mile across
and possibly twice as long. There
was very little water, real water in
this tangle, but a great man y ‘moist

haps a doze higher bits «
ground that were as dry as one could
find anywhere along the West Coast —
of the Island. However, the moist
places were too damp for the big
cat’s taste, so she preferred waiting ©
outside,—for what? ' ‘‘Well just this:
notice over there about one hundred
and fifty yards away there is a big
dark shadow under the branches o
that giant cedar?’ ‘*Watch close
now!’ And timidly, almost clumsily
for a deer, a big doe steps out into
the starlight. She tries the air cur-
rents for any sign of danger but she.

is heavy with ng and is in a
desperate hurry to make the fastness
of the swamp. She must cross the
clearing, and starts bravely forward.
Half way across she turns her head
with an instinctive fear gripping at
‘her heart, but before she can even —
prepare to bound away in her handi-
capped condition the long body of —
the night prowler sails through the
air like a bolt from a crossbow, and ~
with one terrific clout of the spiked
forepaw, the doe’s life goes out. The
marauder sniffs at her prey, tears 4
the throat and after eating a small
portion drops the limp carcass to &
one side in the shelter of some low
evergreens and proceeds along the ~
edge of the swamp. She has made

a very good begirning, judging from
her own standpoint, and presently
she is so well satisfied with herself
that even she gets careless and almost
stumbles on a willow grouse sleeping ~
on a low branch. At the startled _
bird’s getaway the panther—(or cou-
gar, as this animal is known on this
part of the Coast) made a futile
rush and the great smashing paw
simply fanned the air. A bad miss,
and it created a bad disposition in
the big cat. Walking round beneath
the tree and looking upward against —
the starlighted sky the animal could ~
see some half dozen grouse, some ~
twenty-five or thirty feet up, but
they were all awake now and craning ~
their necks to look at the intruder.
The branches were pretty numerous ~
on this particular tree and altogether ©
it was hardly worth while attempting ©
a climb, and after meditatively sitting
on her haunches and watching t

k

with the report of a p
half dozen yards to the Ene
oils to leeward

for a brief, period |

EVA ‘switching fer weit t tail about
“3 her and glaring back at the roost as
if to commit every detail to memory.

5
a
By
{

: - that made her pause at once.

It was-*near midnight now, and
the purling of a tiny stream a few
yards away called the prowler over

to it where she eagerly quenched
her thirst.

A half dozen steps from
the stream she came upon a scent
What
devilish instinct told this pirate of
the wilds this secret we do not know.
But we do know that after glancing
along the track taken by the deer

she started back the way the deer

had come, and after a short interval
crossed a larger stream on a log, pick-
ed up the deer trail on the other side—
(the deer had crossed at a shallow
place)—and at a wild bit of tangled
windfalls and brambles paused and
sniffed eagerly about, and crouching

- low squeezed under a tree trunk—

(that the deer had leapt over on
her way out) entering a small cleared
space a few feet across. At one side
there was a grotesque little heap of
something that made the big cat’s
eyes blaze with ferocity, and as softly
as the night wind itself she moved
to within a few inches of the little
fawn. It opened its great eyes and
struggled to its feet. Its wobbly
legs were not old enough to have
known strength as yet, and this, to-
gether with its panic at facing this
hideous nightmare put it in a condi-
tion of almost paralysis. The big
cat glared and hissed horribly, and
the little one with a wild lunge tried
to move toward the shelter of an
overhanging branch. With a quick
slap the cougar sent it sprawling,
then stood and waited for it to rise.
It was too.weak and terror stricken
however, so the other lay down with
her head on her paws and waited.
After a long time,—(how long shall
we say it seemed to the helpless little
one?)—the fawn raised its head and
tried to rise. This was just what
the cougar wanted, and still lying
down she reached out her long fore-
leg and with a pull of her great claws
dragged the little deer to the earth.
But the claws cutting deep through
the tender flesh caused the fawn ‘to

utter a wild terror stricken bleat and

of the canine a a
orgy that was taking place in the iN
shelter of the windfall. With a face —

like’a demon the big cat crunched ~
the neck of the fawn in her jaws
ending its misery at once, and with ©
eyes ablaze grasped the ‘little deer

by the foreshoulder and sprang onto

the nearest fallen tree. This tree
lay at a good angle and was some
six feet through, and as the pirate
and her victim arrived at the top
a very angry black bear poked its
head over the .log opposite. This,
bear was big, also he was in a perfect
rage. Whatever it was that had
happened to his bearship to “‘get
his goat’? in such a manner we shall
never know, but it was very evident
from the appearance of this particular
bear’s countenance that he was look-
ing for a fight and the smell of blood
and the sight of the panther made
him doubly furious.

Now you have all read about how
a panther can whip a grizzly, and that
a black bear will not fight, and a lot
of other things equally true or untrue,
but the facts of this case were that
here was a six hundred pound black
bear in a rage that would have done
credit to the Evil One himself, bent
on trouble with the big cat. .

The bear’s little eyes snapped fire
as he gazed at the scene on the log,
and as the cougar snarled back de-
fiance he came into that open space
as if he’d had a hurry call from a
pack of hounds. Ever see a real
live bear of about this weight—six
hundred pounds—go into action?
No? Well if you ever do you'll re-
member it a long, long while. Bruin
looks clumsy, but when he is in a
rage he sure can move. He went at
that log like an express train and
how he got up would have been hard
to observe, but he got up. That was
very evident from the scene of the
combat, some hours later when two
unshaven prospectors found the torn
bark, and broker branches, and tufts
of black and yellow fur adorning the
bushes. thereabouts.

Well the cougar had to drop the
dead fawn to protect herself, where-

ibd 2)

~~ att, eee Oe) oe

re ee:
>

ee ee LS ake!

1204

upon the bear seized the pitiful little
carcass, and the big cat flew at the
bear. Bruin kept his hold of the
kill and with a sweep of his hairy
foreleg he encircled the spitting,
clawing form of his enemy and to-
gether the three, the fighters and
the dead victim, fell ten feet to the
ground below, their fall being some-
what broken. by the smaller branches.
If the bear was enraged before, he
had lost control of himself entirely
now. The fail had even driven his
hunger away and although the big
cat had alighted on all fours she
found herself in an embrace that
would have been her finish had it
been lower down. As it was the
pressure on her foreshoulders was
terrific, and she clawed desperately
with her bind legs to rip the bear’s
stomach. But although Bruin was
in too close quarters to exert all his
strength he was agiie enough to swing
his body to one side.of this screeching
tornado he had clinched with, and
away out in the night the timid
mother returning from her hasty
browsing tistened to the yowling,
roaring battle going on where she had
left her little one, and after circling
the place twice and getting the scent
of the combatants intermingled with
the well-known odor of her young
and the fresh blood smell she had
fled terror stricken away, away into
the densest thickets she knew of
to wait for daylight in a panic that
she could not forget.
* * * *

Five minutes of this smashing,
tearing scrap was enough for the
feline and she tried to withdraw,
only to get such a clip on the broad-
side as to send her headlong. She
quickly regained her feet and sprang
to a more slender tree which she
climbed, and rested on a braneh some
fifteen feet up. For some time the
bear grumbled and growled about the
foot of the tree, but finally he too
rested, and as his restless eye fell
on the dead fawn he sidled up to it
and finally lay down and began to
eat, stopping occasionally to gaze at
the still enraged cat. Possibly, just

aoe:

ik AY viduals Labatt, 47) ) AND GU! IN
ROD AND GUN IN

4 walt

possibly

any rate he was genuinely hungry —
and he had nearly finished the small
kill when the panther with a trem-
endous leap went over his head toa
lower windfall and hustled along this
toward the stream she had crossed —

two hours before, but the bear was
after her like a flash, and pressed
her so close that she could not make
the crossing log she had used before
and she had to take to a dead tree
leaning out over the stream, and
climbing out among some of the
larger branches faced about. The
bear came part way up, then changed
his mind and slid bau Perhaps
he knew that those limbs nude of
foliage were no safe battle ground,
but he stuck around until the sun
began to climb over the tree tops
and then after much grumbling to ~~
himself, he, after one or two back- '

ward glances shambled away to parts
unknown, leaving the killer gazing ‘
after him from the roost in the dead

tree:

* * * *

“Look at that! For the love o
dough ‘did you see that head?” a
prospector yelled to his partner as
they climbed out of their boat on
the beach where they were preparing
to camp.

in
'

*‘Right up there behind that bunch i
of trees where you see that long dark y
place on the rocks, and you ought 4
to have seen that snarl! Gad, T
wish I’d been quick enough with the
carbine!’ '

‘“Aw come on, let’s get some eats,
Bill! I’m near starved, after that
all night pull. That was a cougar A
you saw I guess and some day when i
there’s nothin’ better to do, we'll a
go and collect on him and some of v
his relations.”’ And they fell to with
the camp outfit, and away up on
the cliff a cougar with a peevish dis-
position and a great many sore spots
licked her wounds and sniffed sus-
piciously at the breeze laden with
the odor of a drift wood fire mixed
with coffee and bacon.

LUNCH TIME AT PINE TREE HARBOR, BRUCE PENINSULA.

A SUGGESTION FOR MR. BLACK BASS
FISHERMAN

GERVAS GERANUS

a few rather pointed questions.

How many of you are ac-

quainted with the possibilities of the

Bruce Peninsula as a camping and
fishing ground?

Is it not a fact that as soon as
any locality secures a reputation for
its fishing and a few good hotels, that
the fishing is practically over in so
far as real good sport is concerned?

Now, gentlemen, I wish briefly to
draw your attention to a locality
that has yet to come into its own,
where there are as yet no summer
hotels, no organized guides and
though there is a growing colony of
summer residents, not a tenth part
of what there would be were it to
any person’s, or corporation’s interest
to boom the locality. This is not an
advertisement, I have no axe to grind.
I merely feel that I owe it to the
other fellow—‘‘to put him wise.”
Just in the same degree as I feel in-
debted to the kind friend who “put
me wise.”

The whole Bruce Peninsula should
in my humble opinion have been
set apart as a fish and game pre-

M: Fisherman I wish to ask you

serve. This, however, has not been
done but by far the major part,
though surveyed, and in some places
cleared for farming remains much
as it ever was. Some years ago the
lumbering business was in full swing,
but now dismantled mill stacks and
acres of saw dust are about all that
remains of this once thriving industry.

The western shore of the peninsula
as far north as Stokes Bay being
protected by outlying islands offers
comparatively safe boating, though
the full force of a wave straight from
Michigan will be met with in the
gaps between the islands. This, of
course, only when the wind as due
west or nearly so.

As far back as 1830 this locality
was famed for its fishing. I have a
map with the islands marked “Fish-
ing Islands.” In that year an Am-
erican with a sharp eye for business
located on much the best island of
the group, Main Station, and built
a very substantial stone storehouse,
the walls of which are still standing.

A Mr. Robt. Nelson of Wiarton
owns this beautiful island now and
has, I understand, built a couple of

1205

cottages to rent. There is room for
a hundred more.

North of Stokes Bay to Cape Hurd
the shore is quite open but many
deep bays and splendid little harbours
for small craft abound and the tourist
with a motor boat need not fear to

THE SMILE THAT GREETS EVERY FISH
OVER 2% LBS.

venture out as he can easily make one
of these many inlets in case of a blow.

The shore is rock bound and rugged
generally wooded close to the shore
and offers ideal dry camp sites.

To reach this place I am telling
you of, you go to Wiarton by G.T.R.
Then you arrange with the stage-
man or liveryman to tote you over
to the lake, which he will do quite
reasonably. During the ‘summer
months a daily stage runs from Wiar-
ton to Oliphant dock and the driver
will take passengers up the shore to
what is known locally as Heuther’s
dock.

It is sometimes diff cult to obtain
a boat to rent out at the lake and
it will be well for the intending tourist
to secure one in advance or bring it
with him. Parties might find it both
economical and convenient to make
Southampton their rail end and from
there secure a tug to take them to
she

ay

An

Ml
sae Wine cat

VAUT eee ie ie hie ait ey,
yy Bx f rad 1) sali y re)
. r as rus Ae A ts ah) tS pha ‘Tes Ar
their sg ground. This would
e

be much the best way to reach points —
north of Stokes Bay, Greenock, Pine
Tree Harbor, Eagle Harbor, Big Bay —
and intermediate points.

Splendid black bass fishing may be
had in around the islands in localities
that will at once recommend them-
selves to the experienced fisherman,
North of Stokes Bay the deep water
comes quite close in shore and fish
will be found in the many small
coves and harbors. Outside the
islands from Oliphant and closer in,
the farther north you go, salmon
trout may be caught, but as I have
not experienced any sport in this
line myself I will leave it for some
one better qualified to write about.

The Inland lakes are full of fish,
that is some of them: Two years
ago I fished in a small inland lake
with a friend and in an hour-and a
half under a boiling sun at mid-
day we caught our complement and
found out they were more than we
wished to carry before we got to the
camp.

These inland lakes are, however,
difficult to reach, the good ones, and
call for a greater expenditure of en-
ergy than the average holiday seeker
cares to give. °

Last year through the kindness of
an American summer visitor from
Bucyrus, Ohio, I had an opportunity
to visit some of these inland lakes
as reached by automobile. We left
Wiarton at 9.30 a.m., having loaded
the brand new Cadillac light with

_all sorts of impediment peculiar to

the sportsman. The roads have to
be travelled over to be fully appreciat-
ed. Wonderfully good in some places
they will cross some swamp or go
over a succession of hills that will
tax the capabilities of the best driver
in the country. The road we fol-
lowed led ultimately to Tobermury
a place we never reached via Stokes
Bay. This road was very narrow
in places and though passing places
are provided they are pretty far
apart and just what would have
happened had we met some other
car is sad to contemplate. .

The bush on either side of the road
was burning slowly and the smoke

at times was most distressing. Though

u »
ron

Sa ihe

"A SUGGESTION FOR MR.

¢ as

wal | ie
(eo

we passed several lakes we did not
do any fishing till we reached Kent
Lake or Cameron Lake, about 4 p.m.,
which is within a few miles of Tober-
mury and distant from Wiarton by

OLD HUDSON BAY POST OR INDIAN TRADING STATION ON MAIN STATION
ISLAND AT OLIPHANT, ONT.

Speedometer some forty-four miles.
Without waiting for supper we walked
around the south side of the lake
till we reached the place where I
had such splendid fishing the year
before. Not so this time despite
our most alluring baits and inex-
perienced hands at that we could
not get a single fish and though we
lied till almost dark, had no better
uck. As I had been mainly respon-
sible for the adventure I felt pretty
blue. After supper our spirits rose,
however, and we decided to try again.
The net results of another hour’s
fishing in the semi darkness amount-
ed to two fish only, but what beauties
they were; one twenty, the other
nineteen inches long and very fat
and thick. Unfortunately we had
no means of weighing them but they
were both well over five pounds.
The next morning we tried again
very early and had a fair day’s fish-
ing but nothing to blow about} apart
from the one fact that all the fish

eae oT
beak *

BLAC

-to fish the lakes we passed on the

Pry,

K ISH

were large and as all our party wer
sportsmen they received more plea
sure hooking and landing a large fish ~
on light tackle than a pot hunter —
would in hooking a hundred.

BASS |

. : es a bt atin on Binks ain
ee ee ‘ a aie

ve

Le ee

I found that a plain green and
white Dowagiac under water bait with
side gangs was the most effective
bait. I removed the side gangs not
so much because they were unsports-
manlike, but because they lost me
a bait and a fine fighting fish by
getting caught in the reeds whither
the fish rushed and so breaking a
light Kingfisher line.

It was our intention to return to
Wiarton this second day but we
lingered and the next day. being Sun-
day were unable—at least unwilling—

ee oe ae
ee ee ee te ees

way up. On our return trip, know-
ing the road and like a livery horse,
homeward bound and smelling a good
meal we made better time, but after
all the general concensus of opinion
was that an automobile trip, no mat-
ter how well equipped, was not com-
parable to a motor boat trip up the
shore where every inlet provides a
fishing place and where there is plenty
of real good water, no mosquitoes and

;
4
i
i
" 4
4
i
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ie
; ;
I

£13

no smouldering smoky bush fires.

Another factor I wish to mention
before I pass on; the difference be-
tween fish, according to environment.
The black bass in lake Huron are
not nearly so large as in these inland
lakes; perhaps as long but not near
the girth or weight, and as to fighting
qualities are vastly superior. Of
course a black bass, no matter where
will fight but not the same.

Now a few don’ts in conclusion.
Don’t go without some worms. You
can’t get them there and they are
often the best and easiest bait.

Don’t forget, if you are a bait
caster to bring a good assortment of
baits, especially the underwater baits,
and also don’t forget that a good
strong line is needed as chances are
good to have a pike from five to
twenty-five pounds. Take your bait
and the pike in that cold blue water
are as much different from the pike
in slow moving rivers and inland
lakes as a Greenland Polar bear is
different from one in a circus.

Don’t forget that if you are going
north of Oliphant very far, that stores

a IN CA Ni Lf

AL pati?» SOREL RIN
are few and far between, and th
is well to outfit as complete

Don’t expect to have a host of
guides and porters meet you at Oli-
phant and tell you what to do. Be
prepared to hustle for yourself though
the camping fraternity there are very
kindly disposed to newcomers.

For those who through age or
other disability either. mental or
physical, must have some one to
care for them, I will be pleased to
give the addresses of several of the
Fisher farmer folk who are residents
and who make splendid guides and ~
who know the best fishing and where
it 1s. ai

fay
§

Now, Mr. Fisherman, I leave you
here. I hope that some year, if not
this, you too, will experience some of
the splendid sport I have enjoyed in ~
the blue water of Lake Huron. You —
remember what I said about the pike _
and the Polar bear—well it’s just ~
the same with the bass—they fight
like the devil.

HE brief December day was
drawing to a close. Snow was
falling, and silence reigned su-

preme over the wide expanse of the
Northern Quebec wilderness, now
only dimly discernible through the
swirling snow-flakes. The fleecy
mantle which covered the ground to
a depth of several feet, was of that
powdery iexture that denotes very
cold weather. Indeed only a few
yards away even, the leaden waters
_ of Lac Tremblant were beginning to
_ congeal beneath the icy breath of the

Frost King. The hazy landscape
_ Stretched indistinctly away into the
_ dim distance, the dull gray plain
____ being entirely devoid of human habi-

_ tation, save where, several rods up
the shore from the lake, a small
_ cabin nestled dark against the sky.
The cabin was the property of
Pierre Le Duc. Pierre was a half-

. = |
THE REMORSE OF PIERRE LE DUC

STEWART K. ARNOTT

breed, who eked out a miserable
existence by trapping and hunting
along the small streams, and in the.
great forests that stood guard over —
the north shore of Lac Tremblant.
Be it not thought that Pierrefound
game scarce. On the contrary, there
was a plenitude of deer, moose, and
other animals for food, while the —
streams and creeks abounded in bea-
ver, muskrat and mink, whose pelts _
brought good money at the trading ~
post at La Chance. Once a month, ~
the breed took his furs to the post,
and received the large sumofmoney
in payment, but the gold never re- —
mained for long in Pierre’s hands. —
His newly acquired wealth was squan-
dered on flask after flask of fiery
French brandy, which transformed _
him, from a quiet, peaceful man, to a —
veritable demon. For several days r
he remained in a state of drunken ~

Be: WERT CHery. By

‘Then, Shar his money
was spent, ‘and he became sobered
off, he would hitch his dogs to his
sled, and return to his hut, forty
miles distant on the lake.

On the day wkch I described at
the beginning of this narrative, Pierre
LeDuc was at La Chance. He had
arrived the day previous, had sold
his furs, and was now in his cus-
tomary state of intoxicated revelry.
Only about half of his money was
gone but in the great bar-room at
the post, the entire sum would dis-
appear before many days could pass.
As he stood before the bar, in a haze
of blue tobacco-smoke, a huge lamp
hanging above him threw its light
over him, clearly outlining his every
feature.

He was of middle height, and,
while not stout, he was firmly built.
His movements were quick, active,
agile. He had a muscular appear-
ance, and, though he was wiry, im-
pressed one as possessing great
strength. And truly, he did, for all
who knew him testified that his
*‘huskiness’”’ and endurance were well-
nigh unlimited. His face was gaunt,
lean, emotional. His thin, aquiline
nose was now reddened with de-
bauch. A _ short black maoustache,
clothed a mouth firmly-set, strong,
determined. A square, bull-dog chin
hurled defiance to all. There lurked
about the man an underlying spirit
of brutality, and cruelty, though,
when sober, he was known to be of a
not unkind disposition.

Over in one corner of the large bar-
room sat another half-breed. He
was seated at a table, and in his
hands, he fingered a deck of greasy
playing-cards. His features betray-
ed craftiness, treachery. evil. His
shifty eyes roved. about the room,
quickly scanning everything, missing
nothing. Just then, Pierre Le Duc
removed a bill from a large roll of
money. Carelessly he tossed it to
the bar-keeper. And the villainous
looking man, who was none other
than Gaspard Joliet, criminal and
professional gambler,seeing the action,
smote his fist lightly upon the table.
He had been seized with an inspira-
tion.

Joliet rose, walked over to Pie
and throwing his arm across |
shoulder in a friendly manner, he
said: ‘Hello, Pierre, Zis is certainly
a pleazaire, to see you.” And Pierre. —
whose alcohol-befogged brain was too
dulled to detect the shallow flattery —
of the man, motioned to the bar-
keeper to pour Joliet a drink, then
“Is zat so? Have a drink; zis rum:
heem damngoot,”’ he hiccoughed. Jol-
iet drank his rum, then he drew his
quarry to the little table, and pro-
posed a game of cards. Le Due
assented, and soon the quarrel had
begun.

A crowd of breeds, Indians, and
whites gathered around. One and
all, they knew Gaspard Joliet’s repu-
tation as a gambler and a-cheat, not
only in cards, but in all other deal-
ings with mankind. He was a crimi-
nal, a villain of the worst type, and
he was preparing to swindle Pierre
Le Duc out of the remainder of his
money.

Gaspard set to work in his cus-
tomary wily fashion. He allowed
Le Duc to win for a little while.
Then he commenced his trickery.
Slowly, but surely, Pierre’s winnings
disappeared. Then his money be-
gan to go. In his drunken condi-
tion he did not at once notice Gas-
pard’scheating. The onlookers stood
about and smiled. Then in an in-
stant came the crisis. For a few
moments, the fumes cleared from Le
Duc’s head, and when Gaspard Jol-
iet deliberately dealt a card from the
bottom of the pack, Pierre was on
his feet. Seizing his revolver from |
its holster, he pointed it at Joliet.

Cheat . me, like. zat, will) you?
Not mooch, Pierre Le Duc.”’

Joliet started, but he remained
calm.

“You lie, Le Duc.
big liar.”

Le Duc then fired. gdiniaoite knock-
ed the gun from his hand, however,
as he did so and Joliet’s life was
saved, for the present, at any rate.
But the other, mad with rum and
crazed with wine, leaped over the
table at Joliet. Joliet pulled his re-
volver, Pierre seized it, and wrench-
ing it from the hand of his enemy,

You ver’ mooch

—-1210-

he sent it spinning into th
Then the two locked in combat.

Across the floor, they swayed and
tottered. Back and forth, hither and
hither, they rocked, each struggling
for the grip that would give him
mastery over the other. Joliet grasp-
ed at Pierre’s throat. Pierre evaded
the move. Then Joliet saw an open-
ing, and swung with his right, cutting
open the left cheek of his adversary.
As Pierre Le Duc felt the blow, he
became possessed with superhuman
strength. Shaking off the other’s
hold, he struck with all his might to
‘the point of Joliet’s jaw. The man
staggered. Pierre relentlessly fol-
lowed in again, and putting every
ounce of strength he possessed into
the blow, crashed his fist into the
gambler’s blanched face. Joliet drop-
ped without a sound, Pierre in a
frenzy of rage lifted the motionless
body from the floor. Then he car-
ried it to the door and cast Gaspard
Joliet bodily out into the snow, where
he lay in a quivering, huddled heap.

Pierre turned and sneered at the
men crowded fearfully into a corner.
He picked up his revolver, then ‘‘au
revoir” he grinned, and lurched un-
steadily out into the twilight Walk-
ing unsteadily to the stables, he har-
nessed his dogs to the sled, climbed
in, and was off for the little cabin on
Lac Tremblant’s shore.

It was dark when Pierre reached
home. He drove his dogs up before
the little cabin door and climbed out
of the sleigh. He was not sober;
the alcohol] still held him in its power,
and the fight at the post had left him
in a violent temper. The night was
bright, the snow has ceased falling,
and in the steely blue vault above
him, the stars twinkled peacefully.
Pierre Le Duc cursed them in his
rage. Then he began unhitching the
tired dogs. He went to remove the
harness from the leader, a large power-
ful dog who was Pierre’s special favor-
ite. He had named him Flip. To-
night as Pierre approached the dog,
it began to jump about playfully.
It reared on its hind legs, and, as it

. _ did so, its paws brushed Pierre’s face,
All the pent-up fury in Pierre’s breast
_ broke forth like the bursting of a
hurricane.

He seized the long whip,

ety
‘:

os Ps he
e corner. and

ed all his dru
less Flip. Again an
ing lash curled about
body as he cowered ir
Again and again Pierre ki
with his heavy let-cher |
dog shrieked in pai

upon and kicked him as if he had
been a venomous serpent. At last,
in fury, Pierre staggered into the
cabin. And the kindly moon ap-
peared from behind a bank of clouds, J
and cast its gentle light over Flip, |
lying gasping, bleeding and crushed
upon the snow.

The following morning when Pierre
awoke from his sleep of intoxication, —
he found Flip gone. The other dogs
still remained about, but the leader
had evidently freed himself of the ~~
harness, and dragged himself away.
A wave of remorse passed over Pierre.
He realized the injustice of his ac-
tions on the evening previous. Now
his best, most faithful dog was gone,
dead in all probability because of |
Pierre’s drunken anger. Flip had ~
been cruelly beaten for absolutely —
nothing. Le Duc realized it with ~
shame and regret. But he dismissed —
the incident from his thoughts, and
started out to set his traps.

Weeks passed. The episodes of the
fight at La Chance, and his persecu-
tion of Flip, began to fade from
Pierre’s mind. But an occurrence —
was soon to happen which would —
clearly recall each. It was one even- —
ing in January, Pierre Le Duc sat |
dozing before his fire. It had been
a hard day, and he was tired. His |
eyes were closed, and he was leaning
back in the chair. He was just ~
dropping off to sleep, when a slight
noise outside caused him to sit up. —
He went to the door, and looked out
over the quiet plain. No one in ~
sight; a rabbit probably had made ~
the sound he had heard. He return- —
ed and sat down. Slowly his head —
began to nod, and jn a few minutes he ©

was asleep. The fire light dane

fs ied over the room and over the
sleeping figure of Pierre Le Due.
_ And so an hour, two hours, passed.

Then came a very quiet sound at
the door. Was it the wind? The
door opened slightly; closed again.
_ A second time it was pushed open,
_ only now a trifle farther. A human
| head appeared in the opening, and
glanced about. Satisfied that all was
ej “ee the door opened wide. The
R re of a man softly, stealthily, tip-
ti faed in. He paused in the centre of
_ the floor, and looked intently at the
sleeping form i in the chair. And the
‘man, coming closer to the fire, smiled
evilly. It was Gaspard Joliet. A
_ devilish smile diabolical in its relent-
less wickedness, passed over his coun-
. tenance.

From a pocket in the heavy coat
that he wore, Gaspard Joliet drew a
metallic article. It flashed in the
fire-light. It was a long, keen dag-
ger. Slowly, surely the hand that
clasped the dagger rose in the air
until it was directly over Pierre’s
breast, rising and falling rythmically,
Joliet grinned again. “Say ‘“‘au re-
voir,’ he breathed, ““The revenge
of Gaspard Joliet shall be complete.”
And below, the unsuspecting Pierre
slept on. The dagger moved ever
so little. Gaspard Joliet drew a deep
breath suddenly, a lithe, low, figure
bounded silently through the door.
‘With one jump it cleared the room.
Gaspard Joliet turned.; he gasped;
the knife clattered to the floor. The
next moment, with a throaty snarl,
the muscular body of Flip leaped
at Joliet’s unprotected throat. The
long, white teeth narrowly missed
their mark, but they sank deep into
the man’s shoulder. Joliet madly
attempted to throw the dog off, but
Flip held on stubbornly, tenaciously.
Silently, quietly, this battle of battles
progressed. Gaspard fixed his sin-
__ ewy fingers in the dog’s hairy throat,
but he, ignorant of this puny effort,
continued to tear at the already
- mangled shoulder. Gaspard Joliet
_ was indeed in a bad fix. Sweat stood
_ in glistening globules upon his brow;
blood dripped down his arm to form
i a puny pool upon the floor. And

~

wren ¥" His ines as pt sas
Fp Woroteaene: hadews over all the ru

playfully.
Suddenly ce veledead hea ie
upon the breed’s shoulder, and li
an arrow from the bow, he lunged a
Joliet’s throat.
his mark. The flashing fangs sank ©
deep into the jugular vein, and a
crimson stream,

bler made a weak attempt to free

himself, but his strength was gone, —

and choking and gasping, he fell to
the floor.
gurgles.

This time he found ~

His breath camein wheezy
Rather vaguely he became a

bubbled “over thet
dilating nose of the dog. The gam-— B,

oe
\@
be "5

aware that his hand had come in K : k
direct contact with the dagger which

had dropped to the floor.

Here at

the very end, the man’s resourceful-

ness exerted itself. He seized the

BY
blade, and lifted it high above his

head. Then summoning every atom

of his remaining strength, he plunged

it up to the hilt in Flip’s back. The — s

dog snarled, and loosened his grip.
Blood poured from the wound. But
Flip’s work was done, for Gaspard
Joliet had breathed his last, and lay
dead upon the floor.

Pierre Le Duc was awake, wide-
awake now. His startled gaze rapid-
ly surmised what had taken place.
He sprang from his chair. Yes, Gas-
pard Joliet was dead, undoubtedly.
With anxious eyes Pierre turned to
Flip. The faithful brute was lying
in the corner. He was faint from loss
of blood. When he saw Pierre turn
to him, he cowered. Was he to be
beaten again? Ah, no. His master
had at last realized the true value
of Flip’s devotion. He sank down
beside the dog, whom he knew was
dying quickly, and buried his face
in the great dog’s shaggy fur. Use-
less it was to try to save the dog,
for the accursed dagger of the breed
had injured the spine. Pierre looked
into the dog’s face. Flip whined,
a feebly attempted to lick Pierre’s
ace.

‘“‘Fleep, mon Fleep,” he cried, ““Al-
lons, mon enfant.”

Flip did not hear. He, too, was
dead. Pierre Le Duc arose. He
moved to the fire-place and sat down
heavily in his chair. And the fire-
light shone over his face, from which
the tears streamed unhindered.

Sa ae Ba a ae Vues hes
OT Mais in ae EE ig ys :
i ina Ra. car sola NE :
- - ‘ :

wert

.
“ om
PKs

oy
-

tar

etl a nate © Biduatrn tn te.

. or

.
Bd > Gir

ote
“A.

) ution “4
Kage 8S eta 2
een AG. *: Sy ae

December night the vision of poor
Flip, lying in the snow, passed before
his eyes. .Again he saw the dog
shrink as he swung the whip about.
his head, and once more he heard his
low cries as the stinging lash cut
across his body. The face of Pierre
Le Duc burned with shame and re-
gret. How richly he deserved Jol-
let’s keen blade, and how little did
Flip! And there lay the faithful
brute, dead, killed while protecting
his master. Remorse had never be-
fore swept over Pierre as it did then.

Pierre buried Flip beside Lac Trem-

r

ss

ay

plant, and over the grave he erected
a cairn of stones and a cross, mute
- testimony to Flip’s never-ending de-
#1 votion. :

. To-day, were you to visit, Pierre,
i. and ask him about the stones and
3

oh

Bi

ws

Re a hy Oe

T is generally a thankless under-
I taking to show up the mistakes
Be of others, but when I see state-

ments made in print contrary to
natural history and other facts I am
in a way compelled to set the read-
ing public right.

When inaccuracies are embroidered
in a story they either get there by
carelessness or want of knowledge of
the subject. Neither stands for an
excuse, nor is admissible.

A person writing a story ought in
common decency to give his readers
facts, for those who read his article
do so with the idea of gaining in-
formation and increasing their know-
ledge.

Of course there are many facts
not generally knowp and a writer of
-_-—prose, as well as a poet is allowed
much latitude.

‘ ~ Still, I maintain, a writer should
give his readers things and happen-
ings as nearly right as authorities will

give him.
¢ ae I have a great regard and affection
for “‘Rod and Gun” and when I see
7 such statements as the following
which appeared in the November

: \

cr (ee ata * A '
1212 12 we sear Sm a aK Abn x AT OT?
. 24 2 is Uv a\e old ‘any > wee i’ ‘ ;
Sin) Hy 3 Sar te : 4
' ;

Nea) } rast) ‘
Again, as gin as on. ‘that Apts t e cross
: i ? silently. ‘and sadly.

only with the greatest difficulty
_I persuaded him to tell me.

INACCURACIES

MARTIN HUNTER

ty ¥ ot is tf 2% F

r fy ~ Bein ‘shake: His
I doubt 1
he would tell you the story.

WV chet th e
It

i have
told it to you just as he told it tome.

For Pierre and I are great friends
now. And to-night as we sit together =
in his little cabin, I writing and he
gazing silently into the fire, I have
no doubt that his thoughts are of
Flip. The bright flames crackle and —
roar; strange fantastic shadows flit
hither and thither about the room.
Outside, the bitter winter wind sweeps
by, carrying the driving snow before
it, and piles it in little drifts, before
a cairn cf stones and a rude cross that
stands, a few yards up the shore from
the leaden, heaving waters of Lac
Tremblant.

number, I feel like setting the writer —
and public right.
In criticizing the article, “An Oc-
tober morning on the Lake and in
the Woods,’ page 629, I feel a bit ~~
ashamed. For the first time, asI pen ~
these remarks, I see the article was
written by a lady, and therefore it is
ungracious and ungallant on my part ~
to pull her statement to pieces. Man
is always blundering and I ask her
forgiveness. o,
“The doctor pushed off in the ~
canoe, hurriedly, to secure the wound-
ed duck, for only the previous week
he had shot a duck only to see it dis-
appear under the Water stolen by a
muskrat, he said.” i
In re-reading and analyzing this —
part I fear the doctor is the real culprit —
and made this statement to guy his —
lady friend. aa
As a matter of natural history
muskrats are herbivorous and dte —
never known to eat flesh, therefore —
that muskrat could have had no
possible use for the duck. The state- _
ment could have been taken with
the same degree of credence had th ej
author said a beaver took it, or
<

f farses
. ,

eros" herb

tter and mink are fish and flesh

eating animals, but not muskrat.

~- My next discovery appears on page

597 in the story called:

- *Moose Meat for Morrison’s Mine”’

_ the author this time, a man.

“We loaded up next morning,
_ Jimmy took his rabbit skin blanket,
I took a fen point Hudson’s Bay
blanket.

Now there is no such blanket nor

4 ever was as a fen point.

_ The Hudson’s Bay Company have

had for over two hundred years a

_ standard make of blanket for barter,
and their largest size, be the color
what it may, is a four point.

The following are the sizes start-
ing from the smallest up to the
largest.

One point, one and a half point,
two point, two and a half point,
three point, three and a half point,
four point.

They have the largest sizes in the

~ following colors:
7 White, sky blue, dark navy blue,

dark green and blood red.

‘The smaller sizes are all white with

a black border at each end.

Be the colors or sizes what they

may the distinguishing point mark
- is near the border of each in black
~ wool.

- Delving further afield than Rod
and Gun I find in the “Five Town

— Story Book: 7%

i “It was blowing a high wind and

7 the smoke was coming from all direc-

tions.”

Now if it was blowing a high wind
it must have gone in only one direc-
tion. It would be an atmospheric
impossibility for it to have gone side-

_ways or force its way up against the
wind.

f The same author, probably in the
same book, mentions entering a draw-

“blazed a large cedar log.” Here
again he has not stuck to facts or
_ possibilities. Any man who knows
about making a fire either in the
a open or in a fire-place will agree with
eet that it is not possible to make

n d

WO Moredat r the very

_ place.
‘the time and hot, live scales of

‘of the equator and to the left, south

? ing room in which in the open grate

use cedar would be in e
Combustion is going on

wood are cast off in all direction
to the detriment and danger of Ar
pets and furniture. ) ae
While I have been oritiounng other ©
writers I am searching for information —
and would be greatly pleased if any —
reader of ‘Rod and Gun” would —
explain some of the following ques=- |
tions in natural happenings. oie
Why does a drowned woman lice ~
face up on the bottom and a drowned ~
man with his face in the ooze? ..
Why do horned cattle graze up
the wind and horses and mules down ~
the wind?
Why do climbing beans and morn-
ing glories twist to the right, north

of the equator?

Why is there not such an aun
as a tortoise-shell male cat?

I mean the three colors diffused as
markings on the same animal,black,
orange and white.

In the female of the species there
are numerous ones so marked, but a
male so marked remains to be found.
Why? :. :

Of cats of many colors and com-
bination of colors we find the sex un- —
der any skin but not in the colors in
question.

We have yellow and black, and
yellow and white, but the uncanny
distinction appears only when there
is an admixture of the three colors
I mention.

Will some kind reader give this
theory or explanation?

Edit. Note—Regarding your criti-
cism of the article contributed by

B. H. to the November issue,
wherein the writer refers.to a duck
having been stolen by a muskrat.
We have interviewed this contributor
and she affirms that the truth of this
statement is vouched for not only
by the doctor who was with her on
the occasion of the shoot referred
to in the November issue, but by
other sportsman and duck shooters
of experience. One ‘hunter of con-
siderable experience, in whose know- ‘yi
ledge and veracity we have con-

<-

5 airs
1214

fidence, states that he knows it to
be the consensus of opinion among
a great many experienced duck shoot-
ers that the muskrat will, on occa-
sion, steal a duck that has fallen to
water after having been shot. He
is not prepared to state that the
muskrat will eat the duck though he
does go as far as to state that a duck
has been found in a muskrat’s nest.
He says he has seen a duck disappear
after having been shot so quickly and
so mysteriously that the only ex-
planation of its disappearance that
presented itself to his mind under the
circumstances was to believe that the

THAT WORD “INEXHAUSTIBLE”

E. D. SIsMEyY

N the January 1917 issue of the
Rod and Gun there was an in-
teresting and educational article

published under the name ‘“New-
foundland Banks Inexhaustible Food
Resources could feed Great Britain.”

Now I feel that I must take excep-
tion to the word inexhaustible but
this does not mean that I would not
like to see these fisheries developed
to their utmost capacity.

To say that fish are in exhaustible
numbers is to say that their numbers
are infinite and on the face of it this
isabsurd. Thesea has a definite and
finite volume, therefore, how can an
infinite number of fish exist in a frac-
tional portion of a definite volume?

Infinity exists only in mathematics
and other branches of science. There
is nothing in the world that is in-
finite and though the numbers may
be vast even the sand grains on the
shores have numbers. Without in-
finity how can anything be inex-
haustible?

Inexhaustible! We in Canada
should be afraid of that word. In-
exhaustible, we were told, were the
numbers of the buffalo and the pas-
senger pigeon, yet where are they
to-day? In British Columbia a few
_ years ago the timber was considered

“ROD ote GUN CANADA
‘thief had bese a cana

beyond this is only endangering the

ther asserts that duck shooters at —
Pt. Pelee and other places where
ducks are shot each year, believe
that the muskrat is a duck thief,
although so far as he knows, they dG 2s
not attempt to prove that the musk-

rat eats the duck.

_ The ten point should have been ten
pound—ten pound blankets are equiv-
alent to four point.

We shall be pleased to have our
readers take part in a discussion of
any or all of the matters mentioned
in Martin Hunter’s contribution.

¥
”

inexhaustible yet look at the energy
spent in conservation. Salmon and
halibut were considered inexhaustible
yet look at the salmon hatcheries on
the Coast and refer to the 1916 re-
port of the Commission of Conserva- —
tion under the title ““The problem of |
the Halibut.” If, truly, the num- ~
bers were inexhaustible who would —
waste time and money trying to make ~—
an infinite supply larger still.

The word inexhaustible is both
incorrect and misleading. A farmer
can only raise a certain amount of —
produce from a definite area of land; |
likewise only a certain amount of fish
can be raised in a certain volume of
water. Modern intensive farming
has certainly increased the yield per
acre, therefore, there is no reason, —
why modern science should not in- |
crease the yield of fish banks. a

Bearing all this in mind let us con- ©
vince ourselves that the Newfound- is
land fisheries are by no means in-—
exhaustible. They may it is true, ©
with scientific fishing, supply the
needs of Great Britain and even other
countries. Let us by all means fish
them to their full capacity but to go ,

ies Salen”

food supply of the future.

OUR PARTY..

OUR DAILY BREAD.

TWO HUNDRED MILES BY CANOE
IN TEMAGAMI

W. R. BockING

HERE were three of us: myself as

I organizer of the expedition, a brother
of seventeen healthy summers, and a lad

of fifteen. Our outfit included a 16-foot
Peterborough canoe, 160 lbs. of grub, and all
the accessories and conveniences which the
experience of two previous trips suggested for
a month’s canoeing in the Temagami region.
Starting from Sudbury with our complete
equipment we drove 20 miles to Lake Wah-
napitae, where we loaded over 200 lbs. of
baggage into the canoe, placed ourselves in
the small spaces remaining, and turned north
towards the wilderness. Wahnapitae, we
learned later, iscounted dangerous for canoes,
being 10 miles in diameter with scarcely an
island to break the force of a rising sea. But,
peaceful in our ignorance, we made our way
safely across the lake, and entered Portage
Bay. This twelve mile paddle seemed a re-
asonable afternoon’s work, considering the
salary, so we camped at our first portage.
All portages, the first two weeks, had to be
made in two trips, so that considerable time
Was spent when we encountered many of these
in a day’s travel. Next day we pushed on up
the North West arm of Matagamashing, and
negotiated three hot and heavy portages, in-
cluding the ““Toe-Nail’’ one, which speaks for
itself. Later on we made a mistake by turn-
ing up a creek on our left and then making a
half-mile portage over a faintly marked trail;
this brought us to a large beaver pond, out of
which we could find no exit; however, half

an hour’s scouting and (dis) cussing convinced
us that we were off our route, so we made two
more much-begrudged trips over the half
mile portage, found our right course, and
camped forthe night in Wolf Lake with peace-
ful minds once more. Throughout our trip
we adhered strictly to a schedule of two days’
travel followed by the third day spent in
camp; this frequent resting, with a daily
average of only 10 miles while travelling,
combined to make the trip not too arduous
and hence the more enjoyable.

When next we hit the trail we did Dewdney
and Chinigoochici, camping beside the fire-

"rangers on that lake.’ Next day wedid four
lakes up to Dougherty Lake, portaging in
quick experienced fashion now between each
pair. At Dougherty Lake we dined with the
fire rangers, tasting bread and butter once
more, among other luxuries. We reached
Stouffer Lake that night and spent our semi-
weekly Sabbath there the following day,
washing clothes, swimming, trolling, and
making bread with our new reflector oven.
This ended a very interesting chain of lakes,
and we prepared somewhat doubtfully for the
harder section to come.

A three-quarter mile portage brought us to
the Sturgeon River, which was very low at
that time. All day we splashed our way up-
stream, stepping out resignedly. every few
minutes for a spell of wading, pulling the poor
old boat over the rocky shoals till not a trace
of varnish remained underneath. Once our

1215

1216

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

WADING ON THE

boots and stockings were thoroughly soaked
we did not mind the ‘‘Everbody Out” call so
much, and soon we could step overboard
quite cheerfully. We had half a dozen port-
ages and half a hundred walks in the river, but
night found us 12 miles further on, being
lulled to sleep by the soothing droning of the
mosquitoes. Next day we had more of the
same travelling and we ended up in Paul Lake,
very glad that the day of rest was due again.

The Sturgeon was deeper for five miles
above this, but at the forks we had to wade
once more for half a mile to reach the portage.
This mile and a half trail was badly blown
over with trees, making our two trips the
hardest of the month. With big pine trees
crossing the path every few yards, some Just
too low to go under, others just too high to get
over, a man with a canoe on his head or a

ON HAWK ISLAND,

60-lb.F pack on his back needs the skill of a
lumber-jack, the teet of a mountaineer, and
the patience of a fisherman. However, we
finally got all our worldly goods landed safely
at the other end, and so we divided up half a
pound of raisins by way of reward. That
night we camped in the second of the chainfof

STURGEON RIVER.

small lakes. Next day we traversed the re-
maining eight lakes, portaging between every
pair, and ended up at Apex Lake. Here we
were forced to take two days of rest, as rain
came when we were again ready for the road.
We rejoiced to hear it beating on our tent,
as the smoke of distant forest fires had\been
blowing our way for several days backtand
we knew it was sorely needed. Foy

When we got started again, on a cold, damp
day, we had our longest portage, a two-miler,
to tackle. Six good miles we walked back and
forth along that swampy trail, soaked from
the hips down by the rain-sprinkled bushes
that touched the path. But we were glad to
have the two-mile portage behind us, and we
got quite dried out around the blazingsfire
that night which was cooking our beans for the
morning.

LADY EVELYN LAKE

Next day we started to follow the Lady
Evelyn river from start to finish. For fifteen
miles it is so choked with the bushes on its
banks that only two or three feet of water 1s”
visible in the middle; the alders meet oOver-
head, the river turns in sharp curves, wander=
ing everywhere but in the proper direction,

¢
f

& <
<
ad

and in addition to it all the beavers have built
about a dozen dams to help obstruct the
canoeist. However, after three hours the
river became more reasonable and’ we were
able to make better time in deeper water.
About here we met two other travellers, and

; Diemend

e Temagam .

as they were the first human beings Wé had
seen for ten days we hailed them joyfully.
An interesting exchange of information, con-
cerning the route ahead of each, then took
place. That night we camped’ in Duff Lake,
as also the following day. When we went to
Start again the element decided otherwise,
and for several hours we listened to the rain
beating on our tent, and also to it gurgling
underneath our bed of spruce: for we had

followed the good advice and founded our
house on a rock—a great, gently-sloping mass
of granite which acted as an excellent water-
shed to lead all rain right into our tent. So
we broke up camp and sat patiently under-
neath our canoe, our bags all packed and pro-

~

ft

TWO HUNDRED MILES BY CANOE

71-mile rapids—Montreal River

tected by the tarpaulin, waiting for the rain
to cease. This it did, about 11 o’clock, and
soon we were well away on 15 miles of unin-
terrupted paddling. Next day, after six
short portages which we now did in one trip
we got below MacPherson Lake. On the
following day we had, among others, two
famous portages. One, around Helen Falls
which is 80 feet high, resembled Alpine climb-
ing more than canoeing; the next, “The Gold-
en Stairs,’ dropped so abruptly in one place
that two long logs have been placed to slide
canoes down. Night found us camped in
Lady Evelyn Lake. ;

For the next few days we enjoyed the
magnificent scenery of the large lakes, Lady
Evelyn and Temagami itself, marvelling
always at the wonderful translucency of the
water and:the beauty of the island-studded
stretches on every side. The paddling of
long distances without a portage, over water
300 ft. deep, was in decided contrast to our
days on the Sturgeon River.

Leaving these Lakes, a day’s journey down
the Temagami River, involving six portages
and the running of several rapids, brought us
to Island Lake. Here we spent a couple of
interesting days with the caretaker, the sole
occupant, atalumber camp. It was pleasant
to be under a roof once more, to eat at a table,
to cook in a real oven, and to have a change
in the bill of fare. We saw much to marvel at
in the construction of the huge log buildings,
and in the tons of food for men and horses
stored in readiness for when “‘the gang’’ would
come in.

Our next day was a short one: there were
six portages, but a very strong current made
us slip along right merrily in between them,
and by noon we were at the mouth of the
Temagami, ready for the C. N. R. train at a

~

lumber depot siding.
They say the C. N. R. trainmen require
neither stop-watches nor time-tables ongthat

jine—an almanac showing the days is good

enough. Our train was timed to arrive
“between 5 o’clock and midnight” on Wed-

Pad

|
|

1218

nesday, Aug. 23rd. But the engineer must
have lost his almanac, for no train came on
Wednesday, nor on Thursday. So we en-
joyed the greatly appreciated hospitality of
the warm-hearted Boss at the lumber depot
until Friday at 8 p.m. During the night the
engine broke down, so a brakesman strolled
to the divisional point for another. On its
arrival they could not connect the two, so it
steamed leisurely back for the proper ap-

liances, and finally at 6 a.m. on Saturday we

nished our 50 miles on this remarkable road.
At Capreol they had run out of engines, so

SINE asst \
BLACK SIBERIAN HARES AND OTHER
FUR RABBITS

HE U. S. Department of Agri-
culture at Washington, D. C.
during the past few months has
received many inquiries regarding the
merits of certain rabbits that have
been extensively advertised as fur
roducers. Replies to such inquiries
jave stated that the demand for
rabbit fur is such as to make it pay to
save the pelts of domestic rabbits
killed for food, but that raising rab-
bits for the fur alone would be un-
profitable with any known breed.
Some facts about the trade in rabbit
skins will be of interest in this con-
_ hection. .

More skins of rabbits are collected
and sold annually than of all other fur
animals combined. Before the pre-
sent war, Great Britain imported
each year from 70,000,000 to 90,000,-
000 skins, while the home production
added 30,000,000 more. The im-
ported supply came from Australia
and the nearer European countries.
France, Belgium, Germany, the
United States, and other countries
also use large quantities of this fur.
The bulk of it is sold in bales, bringing
from 10 cents to 50 cents a pound,
dependent on color and quality. The
better class of skins sell by the dozen,
bringing from 50 cents to $1, that is,
less than 10 cents each.

Baled rabbit furs are bought largely
for felting purposes, the fur being
made into cloth or coarse hats, while
the skins are utilized for manufactur-
ing glue. Fine hats are made of
nutria (the fur of the South American
coypu) or of nutria and rabbit fur

ROD AND GUN INCANADA

iG Xf

we had to wait till 11 while they e
borrowed one to fe the remaining 20
to Sudbury. Making record time now, we —
reached our destination in two hours and a-
half more.
Thus ended a trip covering 200 miles of
paddling, with 62 portages, lasting four
weeks. It was work, but it was healthful
work. We returned with a splendid ex-
porns in forest travelling, feeling proud of
aving taken care of ourselves in the bush and
of having found our way over a long and
little-travelled route.

mixed. The fur of the common wild
rabbits of America does not felt well
and is in slight demand. Whole skins
of these animals seldom sell for more
than 1 or 2 cents each.
The better kinds of rabbit skins are
used for making fur garments, which,
when made up, are commonly sold as
‘“‘cony”’ but, often under other trade
names. White skins are made up in
imitation of arctic fox, or, sheared, in
imitation of ermine. Gray rabbits
are dyed brown or black and become
‘Baltic black fox” or “Baltic brown
fox’’; seal-dyed, they become “‘inland
seal,”’ ‘electric seal,” “coast seal,” or
“near-seal.””’ Reputable furriers ©
avoid such names, or, if they use
them, frankly explain that the goods ~
are cony or rabbit. These garments,
while handsome and comfortable
have little durability and are there-
fore cheap. v
Statements to the effect that certain
breeds of rabbits produce pelts of high
market value are unwarranted. The
long-haired breeds, such as the An-
gora and the Siberian (both white
animals) have poor pelts and the
hairs are not well set in the skins.
The short-haired varieties are much |
alike as to strength or pelts, but vary |
considerably in color. The English
black-and-white has striking colors |
that might appeal to the fancy of —
individual wearers of fur garments, 1
but they are not popular in the fur ©
trade. Skins of piebald rabbits of any —
shade sell for less than those of solid —
colors. There is also a difference in
quality of fur between hutch rabbit

AO ae en he Hig 5 a Re Bae
1 “A » .

and those kept in the open, the latter
having the better pelts. Pa a

Besides exaggerated statements as
to value of fur, advertisements of fur
rabbits contain totally false claims as
to the origin of animals offered for
sale. This practice is not a new one,
for about 60 years ago, when the now
well-known Himalayan rabbit was
first bred in England, the statement
that it originated in the Himalayan
Mountains was believed by a fellow
of the Zoological Society of London,
who described and figured the animal
in the society’s journal as a new
species. Rabbits recently advertised
as fur animals are said to have been
imported directly from Siberia in one
instance, and from Mongolia in ano-
ther. The further statement that the
animals exist in these countries in a
wild state is advanced. As a matter
of fact well known to naturalists no
wild rabbits occur in either country
and the few species of hares found
there are small gray animals that turn
white in winter. The support of the
fanciful testimony of an unknown
naturalist who claims to have resided
in Siberia and to have observed the
animals in the wild state does not help
the case.

So far as the “black Siberian hare’’
is concerned, any experienced breeder
of rabbits can readily identify the
animals at first sight. They are

undoubtedly the common ‘Hurooeae

rabbit of the Flemish giant breed.
In this variety black is a constantly _

recurring color and sometimes ap-

pears among litters of the purest-bred

strain. These black individuals are
usually regarded by fanciers as un-
desirable and are discarded. How-
ever, if the black stock be chosen for
reproduction, a black strain of Flem-
ish giants is obtained in which bluish
gray individuals recur from time to
time, as several breeders in the United
States have proved. Such a strain of
Flemish giants is now offered as a new
species imported directly from
Siberia, a country without rabbits
unless carried there as domestic ani-
mals. ;

It is not to be iifereed! “however,
that black Flemish giant rabbits have
no fur value. On the contrary, owing
to their great size and solid color, the
skins will probably sell for more than
those of most other breeds. All known
breeds of domestic rabbits belong to a
single species, the European rabbit,
whether they are known as Belgian
hare, Flemish giant, Siberian, Hima-
layan, Dutch, Japanese, Kai-Gai, or
any other name, and the attempt to
palm any of them upon the public
as a new species imported from a
portion of the world not inhabited by
rabbits is wholly unwarranted ete to
be severely condemned.

TEMAGAMI MOOSE
SWIMMING.

2 po oes y

fe

Pr Pit ed

eS

ap~¥ ue ian ao ‘Vf ee on ee oe a Nee OF a= Ces eee Bog bale ale
fe eras agar eee Eg Oe oe et Ee I Ee
Patcs S- « . “te 4 3

cape them. The woodpeckers,
content with merely scrutinizing the

- other enemies.

ignorant still hold that the

graceful forms and_ beautiful
plumage of our feathered game serve
their highest purpose when worn on
a hat for a brief season, to be then
cast aside and forgotten, the plumage
dimmed and faded, the beautiful
songs stilled forevermore.

While by no means insensible to
the higher value of birds, the farmer
who is asked to aid in measures for
their protection is entitled to enquire
as to the practical purpose they sub-
serve and how far they may be ex-
pected to return his outlay of time,
trouble and expense.

Since most birds eat insects and
since many birds eat practically no-
thing else, it is their insect-eating
habits that particularly invite atten-
tion, -for so active and _ persistent
are birds in the pursuit of insects
that they constitute their most im-
portant enemies.

When birds of the insect-destroying
types are allowed to labor undisturb-
ed they thoroughly police both earth
and air. The thrushes, sparrows,
larks, and wrens search the surface of
the earth for insects and hunt among
leaves and peer under logs and refuse
for them. The warblers, vireos,
creepers, and nuthatches with their
microscopic eyes scan every part of
the tree or shrub-trunk, branches, and
leaves—and few hidden creatures es-
not

Oe the thoughtless and the

bark and limbs of trees, dig into de-
cayed and worm-eaten wood and drag
forth the burrowing larvae, which
in their hidden retreats are safe from
The flycatchers, aid-
ed by the warblers, are ever on the

alert to snap up insects when flying
among trees and branches; while the’

swallows and nighthawks ‘skim over
the pastures and patrol the air high
above the tree tops for such of the
enemy as have escaped pursuit be-
low. Thus each family plays its
part in the never-ending warfare,
and the number of insects annually
destroyed by the combined hosts is

i " Ht

DOES IT PAY TO | PROTECT BIRDS.

HUBERT Hirrron

1220 i ‘

5 7 iy a

1 Parent sie Sth

rn gu eta ‘3 e why't
“Sy aon At rae

beyond all human calculation, ia cre
it not so the life of every green thing
that grows upon the earth would be
threatened and I believe that Divine
Providence created these birds for
the specific purpose of controlling
the effect of insects upon plant life.

While birds are not numerous in.
the sense that insects are, they exist
in fair numbers everywhere, or would
were it not for the interference. of
man, and so rapid is the digestive
power of birds and so perfect their
assimilative powers that, to satisfy
the appetite of even a small bird,
great numbers of insects are needed.

Few birds are: wholly beneficial,
and there are very few among the
harmful ones that have no redeeming
traits—that do not, occastonally at
least, do good. Most birds most
of the time are highly beneficial; a few
birds most of the time are injurious.
Certain species may be beneficial in
one region and harmful in others,
or perform useful services at one
season and be injurious at another. —
Instead, therefore, of being simple, as
at first they may appear, the rela-
tions of birds to man are complex.
That the exact nature of the services
they render may ‘be better under-
stood, the food habits of certain of
the more prominent ones will be
briefly reviewed.

Insectivorous Birds and Their Food
Habits

Hawks and Owls. — The. strong
beaks and sharp talons of the hawks
and owls at first sight might be
thought designed for more serious
work than the destruction of insects,
and yet many of the birds of prey
make insects an important part of
their food. The little sparrow hawk
lives largely upon grasshoppers and

crickets, and some, even of the larger |

species, as the Swainson hawk of the
Western States, in summer time live

almost exclusively upon them. It @
is very fortunate that so many birds— _

the hawks among them—are fond of —
grasshoppers, since these insects mul-
tiply so fast and are so very destruc- |

a

one

‘tive to vegetation that but for the
check on their increase by birds the

cost to the farmer of fighting them
would be much greater than it now
is. Important as is the work of
some of the hawks in destroying nox-
ious insects, this is by no means the
chief service the group renders man.
Within our boundaries are some 50
species of hawks and 35 species of
owls, and with the exception of per-
haps half a dozen kinds of hawks,
which mainly subsist upon birds, and
the great horned owl, hawks and owls
are to be classed as beneficial. It is
not denied that occasionally the larger
species carry off a chicken and kill
some game, but such acts are excep-
tions to the general rule. Mice and
other small rodents constitute the
main supply of food of the species
that. are not largely insectivorous,
and it is by the destruction of these
pests of the farmer that hawks and
owls earn protection.
Woodpeckers.—Woodpeckers were
apparently expressly designed for the

protection of trees, both forest and-

fruit. Their chisel-like beaks driven
by strong muscles make effective tools

_ with which to dig out of wood, larvae

of burrowing insects, in which work
the long extensible’ tongues render
great aid. The nature and full extent
of the services of woodpeckers in the
cause of forest growth and preserve-
tion of the same are more clearly
recognized as the subject is more
carefully studied. Of all our wood-
peckers the sapsucker is the one
exception to the rule. This species
eats many insects, but its fondness
for the sap of trees, with its habit
of cutting out sections of the bark
to obtain its favorite tipple, renders
it a nuisance in some localities.

It is one of a number of birds that
are harmful and beneficial by turns
or according to locality. Little blame
attaches to the orchardist who places

.the sapsucker on the blacklist; but

_

he should familiarize himself with
the appearance of his enemy, that
he may distinguish him from other
species, so that his: extreme measures
for relief may not fall upon an inno-
cent kind of woodpecker.

Wood Warblers.—The family is
large and visit every part of our do-

main nt some season

While some wood warblers le
the ground and share with the thrus
es the task of hunting for groun
frequenting insects, the great m
jority haunt the trees and shrubbery.
and spend their time getting insects
from foliage and twigs. No insec’
is too minute to escape their pryin
eyes, and they are particularly sue
cessful in discovering and devouring
plant lice, immense throngs of which
infest our fruit and shade trees. Fin-
ally, it may be said of the warblers ~~
that they. are truly insectivorous, as _
they eat very little vegetable food,
and what they do eat has no special
economic value. i
Thrushes.—The thrushes and their
near allies, the bluebirds, are two
groups of insectivorous birds, all the
members of which are quite fond of
fruit. All sorts of wild berries are
highly esteemed by them, and no one
will deny that they are quite within
their rights in appropriating them. ~—
Unfortunately, however, the most .
prominent member of the group—and
in some respects the most highly
esteemed—has developed an uncontroll-
able appetite for cherries, strawberries
and other cultivated fruit, which fre-
quently renders him a nuisance to
the small fruit grower. The fruit
grower can hardly be expected to
accept the confiding habits and the
sweet song of the robin as full pay-
ment for a crop of cherries upon which
depends a considerable part of his
own livelihood and that of his family.
The catbird, to. some extent, shares
the ill name of the robin, and*for the
same reasons; but he is comparatively
harmless, being neither so abundant
near orchards nor so bold a marauder.
Nevertheless, the strawberry patch
too often knows him to the sorrow
of its owner. But he consumes many

insecis, such as cutworms, cater-
pillars, and grasshoppers.
Titmice.—The titmice, like the

warblers, are tree frequenters, and
the insects they pursue are of the
same general character as those eaten
by their more nervous and sprightly
cousins. Instead of hurrying from
tree to tree, and from one branch to
another like the warblers, the titmice
conduct a comparatively slow and

Tis gOCe

sylvan hunting grounds much more

carefully. They are practically non-
migratory, and instead of scurrying
-___ off to sunny Tropics on the first hint
of cold weather, as do most of the
__-warblers, they usually winter where
they summer. Thus the farmer en-
joys the benefit of their services dur-
ing the entire year, hence should have
a twice the incentive to protect them
that he should have in the case of
i migratory species. :

Swallows.-—The swallows are among
the most insectivorous of birds, and
it is difficult to over-estimate the ex-
tent of their services to agriculture.

They are flycatchers pre-eminently,
and Nature has been at the utmost
pains to qualify them for the delicate
task she has set for them—the capture
; of small insects moving with rapid
- and uncertain flight through the air.
Endowed with the power of swift and
___ enduring flight, swallows cleave the
air without apparent effort, turning
* this way and that, now falling, now
rising, following the movements of
_ their prey. The list of species is
not lengthy, six only in the States
‘ east of the Mississippi and but one
more west of that river, but not one
species could be spared without loss
tothe farmer. They have a peculiar
value to the southern cotton planter,
for they prey upon the cotton boll
” weevil as it flies over the fields on
its mission of destruction. English
: sparrows form about the worst enemy
of the swallow, as they throw their
eggs out of their nests and kill the
young.
2% I regret that space does not permit
~~ me to go into detail regarding Vege-
-tarian birds and their food habits,

ES

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ae hoe eatew Bt 6 6 aver thee? among pit in

“aor =

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Si wy A NA age
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are be it, ; prs
birds, orioles, bis hat blue j

grouse and quail, cranes and hero
and the sparrow. However, I vy

say in regard to the latter Paid Z f
that until the English species of the —
Sparrow family was introduced into
this country they were practically
all friends to the farmer. Unlike
our native sparrow, however, this
bird has bad habits far outweighi
any possible good that it does. Itis
a conspicuous member of the seed-
eating group, as its structure abund-
antly proves, and this well known
fact should have prevented its intro-
duction into the United States to
perform the service of an insect eater.
By preference this bird is the scay-
enger of city streets. Outside the
city the bird’s fondness for seeds does
not stop with weed seeds. The small-
er grain are liable to be attacked by
this pest at all stages of growth, from
sowing to harvest time, and the total
damage to the grain crop in this -
country inflicted by this bird at the
present time amounts to many thou-
sands of dollars annually. This spar-
row, like some of our native species,
is fond of the buds of fruit trees. It
is also fond of all the small fruits,
and in some regions the damage to
fruit as the result of its attacks is
very considerable. By acting in
concert. this pernicious pest drives
away many of our native birds, which
is still another undesirable trait, us-
urping the places about our homes
by right belonging to our native and —
more helpful species. Not only should
all help be withheld from this foreign
invader, but a concerted effort should
be made to reduce its numbers and
to exterminate it wherever and when-
ever possible. i

rt Ayia

eZ

ANS ae oe 7A = os

TROUT OF THE WEST

RosBeErtT PAGE LINCOLN

N the previous article I have more
| or less carefully gone over some
of the most eminent points in
the life history of the steelhead trout.
There are those who place the steel-
head in the rank of leadership among
the various trouts—believing that it
is the best of them all, the keenest
fighter, the most enduring battler,
and on all recognizable points the
king of the trouts. And there is
much truth in this. If you have fol-
lowed a steelhead river in summer,
and if you have plied your gentle art
in its rapids and pools, and if you
have tested the strength of the steel-
head then you will know that every
word that has been said in its praise
merits the utmost recognition. As
I have previously pointed out the
habitat’ and general range of the
steelhead is in the Pacific ocean and
the streams that pour intoit. Their
distribution is great and their num-
bers are far from being small. There
is every reason to believe that the
steelhead will survive the most exact-
ing fishing on the part of enthusiastic
disciples of Walton. But there are
many features in the life of the steel-
head that should be carefully looked
into. In the first place there is no
trout that is so easily handled, reared
and which will thrive as well as the
steelhead. Mr. Keil, in his able de-

fense of the steelhead trout has com-
mented:

“Contrary to general belief this
fish may be readily introduced’ into
inland waters, and lakes, far from the
sea, and while these landlocked ex-
amples do not ordinarily attain the
immense growth of. those that are
sea-run, in lakes of large area and
ample food supply they should run
as heavy as twelve to fifteen pounds.
In the smaller lakes, ones as small
as 150 to 200 acres, with a depth not
less than forty or fifty feet, the steel-
head will usually average around two
or three pounds, though of course
this will vary with the character of
water and food. The ideal lake for
its introduction is one that has sey-
eral large tributary streams emptying
into it, and one in which the outlet
can be screened or racked, for the
steelhead is migratory and will seek
salt water unless prevented from go-
ing down stream. For this reason
it is not a desirable variety for plant-
ing in streams, and no doubt this
is why so little success has followed
so many of these plantings. Spring-
fed lakes having little or no outlets
are In many ways particularly adapt-
ed to the planting of the steelhead
trout, but in these you could not
expect any great amount of natural
reproduction, for this fish requires

1223

wate Beso" Men oa MR Sec a6

yeahs f y) ae on i os pA yes i hs ae, yh “ve ar save + '

< a Pee, SUED eA SPT Ne

a tributa) stream to ascend for the into the eastern ‘streams and la

purpose of spawning and for the de- but as to the wisdom of that move —

velopment of the eggs and fry. If I am in doubt. The brown 1 re.

a" sufficient fingerling or yearlings could and the rainbow trout have been —

be readily obtained from hatcheries said to be detrimental to the welfare

at stated intervals to keep up the of the life of the brook trout. If this

supply then no better water could is true then the steelhead trout can

y be found for the purpose than that outdo the two of them; for the steel-

of a spring-fed lake. Of all the vari- head trout is a fish killer of the first

—_ eties of trout and salmon the steel- water. My suggestion is thac the

head croul is the most nearly ideal — steelhead he lest to its western streams

of any for artificial propagat'on. And and ocean home where it is best fitted

it should especially appeal to those and where Nature intended it to be.

. who may be contemplating the estab- It has already waged destruction in

___ lishment of a small hatchery for stock- our ncrthern streams as is proven by

_ ing their preserves, for its spring information to hand and from per-

* spawning habit means that the hatch- sonal mvestigations. For the steel-

5 ery need only be in operation from head trout has been planted in the
April or May until some time in the northern waters of the United States.

: fall. This spawning in the early The following information cn the

__- Spring at such times as moststreams point has been tendered me:

ee are running full makes this fish a “In 1895 the National Bureau of

most valuable one for planting in Fisheries made a small planting of

eastern lakes or ponds. The com- the steelhead trout in the vicinity

parative freedom of the steelhead of Isle Royal, Lake Superior. The

___ trout from parasitic diseases and es- planting was fellowed by others at

__ pecially from fungus makes it a spe- successive times to 1904 when they

W--~

.

or hatchery pool.

cies well worth more attention from
the different Fish Commissions than
at present. In over sixteen years
of daily experimenting with the steel-
head my only losses to speak of have

_ been from diseases of an obscure
nervous origin. Although having been

handled over and over again in hatch-

ery work, the steelhead never seems

to lose its fear of man, and even
those fish that are the product of
several generations of so-called do-

mesticated trout are as timid and as
easily frightened as those that have °

never known the incubation trough
Of course this is
somewhat of a disadvantage in the

___ work of rearing this fish in captivity,
0B account of feeding and the clean-

ing of the pools; but it certainly does

add to its attractiveness as a game

fish after it has been planted in lake

or stream, and decidedly no one can

call it a duffer’s fish on account of

_ its having been fed on beef liver dur-

ing its youth.”
There is much of interest in Mr.

Keil’s words, which have been drawn
from for the reason that it is one
of the first revealing lights on the
subject.

Mr. Keil is eager that: the
steelhead trout should be introduced

ceased. It was at first thought that
the plantings were a failure and that
the fish had perished. By and by
tishermen began reporting catching
the steelheads in nets. At first this
was only in Lake Superior, but later
the fish were noticed in Lakes Huren
and Michigan. They had migrated
and are now rapidly taking possession
of all the Great Lakes. Little is still
known of the habits of the fish..
Commer:>ial fishermen find them in
increasing numbers in (‘heir nets.
They cannot be caught by hook and
line or any other device. They zan_
only pe caught with nets on off-shore
bars of the Great Laxes or speared
when ihey venture into the smaller
tributary streams. Steelhead trout
have been found as tar inland as
Hesperia, in Oceana County, Michi-
gan. They grow up lo ten pounds
in weight; even bigger fish have been
reported, but these accounts are not
well authenticated. The flesh is —
splendid eating—firm and flaky, with
a pronounced reddish tint. Thismay
be attributed to the fact that the
steelhead trout is close kin (?) to our —
Pacific Coast salmon, but the steel
head, at its best, is only a commercia
fish and nct to be compared to a

Ry:

until there is no word left to say.
Our national game laws prctect the
‘steelhead. Since it has been learned
that the fish penetrate to inland
waters, there has been considerable

talk of State protection in Michigan;

but West Michigan anglers have vig-
orously opposed such a step. They
place the steelhead in the same class
of predatory fish as dogfish, shee; s-
head and carp, and want to see steps
taken for the extermination rather
than the protection or further pro-
pagation of the introduced species.
The rapid increase of the steelhead
in Lake Michigan waters has fully
demonstrated that it is able to taxe
care of itself and does not need much
prctection. At the present race of
increase the steelhead will soon re-
place herring and whitefish as the
dominant species in our Great Lakes.
As the fish do not run cn kars or in
such schools as do lake trout, herring
and whitefish the commercial tisher-
man who wants to make a business
of catching them will have to learn
his trade over again and stady che
habits of the fish, and where, in the
unplumbed depths of Lake Michigan,
it lurks, when at home from piratical
expeditions into the native country
of the prook trout.”

The above words do not speak
much of a compliment for the steel-
head trout, and there is a great deal
of opposition all around to its intro-
duction. In spite of the fact that
the streams are constantly kept stock-
ed in Michigan with brook trout fry
the streams are usually lacking in
brook trout. This, all anglers say,

THE CUTTHROAT TROUT OR BLACK-
SPOTTED TROUT

(Salmo clarkii)

If there is one fish that the West

can say is its most widely scattered

- and most popularly known member
that favour of leadership must cer-
tainly go out to the so-called incon-
- ceivably designated Cutthroat Trout
- or the Redthroat, or the Black-Spott-

ae

\ delicious brook trout whose merits
have been extolled in prose and song

points £6 " desnepition’ of > heir.
bers by a certain fish and all a
agreed that it is the steelhead tone
In the tirst place the present write
does not believe that it is a wise thin
to introduce this fish in eastern wa-
ters, either in Canada or in the United
States. The introduced stéelhead
trout inte eastern waters Icses much
of its gaminess, and fighting qualities.
The warmer waters are no doubt the
reason. If I say thar the introduced
eastern steelhead trout has not one
third of the staying qualities cf the
western steelhead, bred and living in
its native waters, I say about all that
can be said for him on the subject.
The steelhead trout of the west isa
figure to conjure with, but trans-
plant him and he speedily goes down
the line. That this trout destroys
the brook trout there can be no doubt
and another bad thing is that not
only do they ascend the large rivers
to their very upper sources during
the spawning season but they run up
into every small creek and rivulet,
brook and stream and into the lakes,
large and small. In many of these
small streams the brook trout hold °
out in their great abundance. Re-
sult: the steelhead trout practically
wipe them out right in their strong-
holds. Of course the steelhead trout
are with us and have to be put up
with, but as to any further planting
of them in eastern streams I believe
that this is poor, blind wisdom, with
no gain to it in the least. This is
not to undervalue the importance of
the steelhead trout in the west. There
it is at the height of its dominance.
It is a fine fighting fish, equal to the
anticipations of the best angler living.

ed Trout as it is variously called, all
depending upon the territory that
one may be in. The fame of the
Cutthroat Trout is first of all a very
substantial proposition. The fish
really merits recognition over all the
others, is the fish most commonly

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sought for and is found in practically
every stream of casual note, both in
the southern portion of the Rocky
Mountain region, and northward
throughout the territory of British
Columbia and Alaska and the coun-
try generally taken in by the wide-
reaching Rocky Mountain chain. In-
deed the Cutthroat trout is a figure
in the ongne history of the West
that has long held a prominent place
in the hearts of men. To us in the
east the black bass may be common
but in the West the Cutthroat trout
takes that place and is a favorite
among thousands who yearly ge out
along these wonderful waters and
enjoy the pastime of dropping a light
fly in the swirling canyon pools, or
the heavy rapid waters. And when
it comes to stating the game qualities
of the fish I have no doubt but that
thousands will rise up in co-mingled
acclaim; in writing and in verse this
fish of the west has been ably ex-
tolled. And this is not supposition
at that, but a well condensed fact
that needs only the try-out, the ap-
plication to bring forth its merits.
In line with this one cf the foremost
authorities on fishes on this continent,
Professor Barton Warren Evermann
states:

“The various forms of Cutthroat-

trout vary greatly in game qualities;

even the same sub-species in different
waters, in different parts of its habi-

- tat, or at different seasons, will vary

greatly in this regard. In general,
however, it is perhaps a fair statement
to say that the Cutthroat Trout are
regarded by anglers as being inferior
in gaminess to the Eastern brook
trout. But while this is true, it must
not by any means be inferred that
it is without game qualities in a very
Its vigor and voracious-
ness are determined largely, of course,
by the character of the stream or lake
in which it lives. The individuals
which dwell in cold streams about
cascades and seething rapids will
show marvelous strength and will
make a fight which is rarely equalled
by its Eastern cousin; while in warm-
er and larger streams and lakes they
may be very sluggish and show but
little fight. Yet this is, by no means,
always true. In the Klamath Lakes,

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where the trout grow very large and
where they are often very logy, one
is occasionally hooked which tries
to the utmost the skill of the angler —
to prevent his tackle from being
smashed and at the same time save ©
the fish.” :
» The Cutthroat trout is one of the
most distinguished trout on this con-
tinent. It is more abundant than
some of the other species, and seems
to hold out in more waters, and takes
in more sub-species than any other
of the trout family. In regard to
this well-known trout a well-informed —
writer has commented :—*‘Most prim-
itive of the American species of trout,
no doubt, is the one named for Wil-
liam Clark. This trout was born
in Alaska, and has worked its wa
southward as far as Eel River in Cali-
fornia, eastward across the divide
into Montana; no great task, for on
the swampy flat of Two Ocean Pass,
the head streams of the Yellowstone
interlock with those of the Snake.
It runs southward throughout the
Great Basin of Utah, once tributary
co the Snake, and more or less chang-
ed, its descendents have peopled the
Platte, the Arkansas, the Rio Grande
and the Colorado. It is now one |
hundred years ago that Meriwether
Lewis and William Clark, encouraged
by Thomas Jefferson, crossed the
great divide of the West and explored
the waters which we now call Co-
lumbia. It was in the headwaters
of the Columbia that these explorers
first met with che crue trout of Am-
erica. William Clark, who was a
judge of fine fishes, found it good,
and thirty years later, when Sir John
Richardson published his noble work
on the animals of the North:—Fauna-~
Boreali-Americana,—he named the
Columbia River trout Salmo clarkii.”
The range and distribution of the
Cutthroat trout and its sub-species
is great. to say the least. It is found,
as has been aforementioned through-
out the entire Rocky Mountain chain. |
David Starr Jordan states that: )
“The Cutthroat Trout cf some @
species is found in every suitable river —
and lake in the great basin of Utah, | |
in the s.reams of Cclorado, Wyom-
ing and Montans,—on both sides of
the Rocky Mountains. It is alse — |

~ ,
a*, a

fs ’
any +00

\ found throughout Oregon, Washing-
ton, Idaho, British Columbia, the
coastwise islands of Southeastern Al-
_aska, Baranof, etc., to Kadiak and
Bristol Bay,—probably no stream or
lake suitable for trout-life being with-

out it. In California the species
seems to be comparatively rare,and
its range rarely extends south of Cape
Mendocino. Large sea-run individ-
uals analogous to the steelheads are
sometimes found in the mouth of the
Sacremento. In Washington and
Alaska this species regularly enters
the sea. In Puget Sound it is 9 com-
mon fish. These sea-run individuals
are more silvery and less spotted than
those found in the mountain streams
and lakes.”

One writer holds that ““—The old-
est scientific name for the Redthroat
or Cutthroat Trout is Salmo-mykiss.
It%was given to this trout by Wal-
baum in 1792. Later it was called
Salmo-Purpuratus by Pallas, in 1811,
and in 1836 Richardson gave the
species found in North America the
name of Salmo clarkit by which it
is now generally called.”

The term by which it is most com-
monly known, namely: Cutthroat
Trout, is certainly a ghastly, and at
the same time, a humorous one.
Many a man in his day has studied
the proposition and has wondered
and blindly, wildly conjectured, why,
above all things living and dead it
was handed a Cutthroat title. True,
by a generous elongation of the im-
aginative faculty the redthroat-trout,
Salmo clarkii, may be called a cut-
throat. Yet only by a measureless
jump of the imagination, as I say,
and an awful jump at that. The red
blotch, or so-called slash, or mark
at the throat of the fish gives rise to
the title. Yet why Cutthroat should
have been adopted by all writers and
scientific men, instead of a common
title such as Red-throat trout, the
present writer faits to understand.
A man conceded to be one of the best
authorities on fishes in this country,
Dr. G. Browne Goode believes that
it is “‘a horrible name, which it is
hoped will never be sanctioned in
literature.”” Goode said that away
back in bis day, but literature has
nevertheless adopted the title. Wil-

y Cut-
throat any more than Ripper Trout,

or Wife-Beater Trout?”

I have sought through mary sourc-
es to trace the beginning of thisname, ~__
Many +
speculations have been abroad. Jor-

and where it found its rise.

dan holds that the blotch on the
throat of this fish is “the sign manual
of the Sioux Indians, and the anglers

have accepted from this mark the ne ey

name of cutthroat trout.”

The Sioux Indian was held the
cut-throat among the fierce abori-
gines. \

But I have, I think stumbled upon
some light on the subject, discovered
in the voluminous writings of Charles
Hallock, the venerable Dean of Am-
erican Sportsmen. Though still liv-
ing I have not written to him, in re-
gard to the question of cut-throat
trout, but I should really like to know
if he was the man, in company with
others, who christened the fish with
this name. Mr. Hallock wrote in
the year 1884 of a fishing trip up the
Rosebud, in Montana. In part he
says: .

*“*At the head of the lake the Rose-
bud tumbled in with a mighty rush
of deep green waters over the boul-

ders, and just where it debouched the ~

liveliest, trout fishing could be had.
The fish averaged uniformly two
pounds in weight and could be caught
as readily from one shore as from the
other, either in deep or shoal water.
There are very few of a size below or
above two pounds. I have never
attempted to fully write up that trip
because my pen could not do justice
either to the sport or the marvelous
scenery which we found in the heart
of the Rockies. J am moved to refer
to it now only because we caught fish
there which I have never seen on the
same meridian or anywhere else. I
have certainly watched angling re-
ports ever since, without discovering
some description which applied. The
trout resembled the iridea of Colorado
in respect to the metallic black mark-
ings scattered like lustrous grains of
coarse black powder over its shoul-
ders and body; but it lacked the rain-
bow lateral line. Its distinctive fea-
ture, however, was a slash of intense

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carmine “across on piNcover. as”
large as my little finger. It was most
striking. For lack of a better descrip-
tion we called them “cutthroat” trout.”

This would appear to be the true
origin of the name.

Despite other qualities of identifica-
tion the never-failing red blotch, or
slash, at the throat, is most distinctive
and by it the kind may universally
be told from other trout, for as.a set
rule to go by this red blotch occurs
in all members of the cutthroat fam-
ily. The Cutthroat has smaller scales
than the rainbow trout; it has a longer
head than the rainbow trout, and—
“Its mouth is proporudonately larger;
there is always a narrow band of small
teeth on the hyoid bone at the base
of the tongue. These teeth are al-
ways wanting in Salmo irideus and
rivularis in which species the rim of
the tongue only has teeth.’ In the
various species the coloration is often
very changeable, and is no reliable
thing to go by. However the Cut-
throat Trout is not so profusely
peppered with spots as the steelhead
trout, and these are real solid dots,
or spots, and not irregular tiny streak
markings as seen on the steel head,
etc. On the body of the cutthroat
the spots are not as profuse as on
the tail. There are also spots on
the head. Most of the fins, except
the fore fins have spots on them.
The back coloration of the cutthroat

trout is olive-brown; there is often
a rosy tint where the lateral line
should be marked; below this rosy
tint there is often a yellowish tint;
the belly is whitish. The yellow
and rose extends from the eyes to
the root of the tail. Near to where
the lateral line should be marked,
too, there is an wregular row of
bluish spots, or blotches from eight
to ten reaching from the gill-cover
to the tail. Not all specimens are
highly colored—far from it. The
breeding season coloration and the
average coloration are quite apart.
Outside of the breeding season the
colors are wan, and often drab, but
the colors I have mentioned are more
or less generally carried out in the
adult Cutthroat male. But, mainly,

the means of quick identification is»

ch
-—a never-failing mark to pas: b

Just as coloration in the Cutthroat. |
trout is something that is liable to a
drastic changeability, varying witha)
the species, so too, (in keeping with
the various species) is the weight a
dubious thing. The largest speci-
mens of the Cutthroat Trout may be
found in Alaska where authority has —
it they attain to thirty pounds weight.
This, however, is the apex mark.
Yet the Tahoe Trout, Salmo henshawi,
found in Lake Tahoe, of California,
said to be the finest of the Cutthroat
Trout reaches a weight even greater
than that. If I do not mistake a
thirty-eight pound Cutthroat Tahoe
trout was taken in the summer of
1913 by a boy—which no doubt is
the record Cutthroat Trout on this
continent—the biggest on record.
The average Cutthroat Trout is a
comparatively small fish, in keeping
with the rest of the trouts and charrs.
Weight in trout depends upon the ~
water they are in, whether limited —
or free, and wide; and as to whether
there is ample food to keep them
in plenty and growing or whether
food is scarce, in which case it has
always been proven that the. trout
are small. This has been proven
in the example of the Cutthroat
Trout. In such large lakes as the
Klamath and Tahoe, where the feed
is great and the very best, and where
the waters are considerably deep the
trout grow to great sizes. Note the
Tahoe record I have mentioned; and
in the Klamath Lakes specimens have
been taken that have scaled twenty
pounds. But, as a rule, a five or six
pound Cutthroat may be taken all —
around as a pretty big trout. The —
average go far below that; and some _
of the sub-species attain to no more
than seven or eight inches in length. ‘
The average Cutthroat Trout in
weight and length measures up about J
equally with our speckled brook trout.

As has been stated some of the. |
largest of the Cutthroat Trout are i
sea-run; that Cutthroat Trout are
found a great deal in salt water is
well-known. Whereas the Cutthroats.
that are found in the deepest of the
lakes are almost black in color, on

a a

! hand the specimens taken
out of salt water are silvery in colora-

tion, and to such an extent at times
that the spots upon them are hardly,

ifatall, discernible. Whether the color-

ation returns upon entering fresh water

(To BE CONTINUED)

the resent 8

sufficient to. ay ‘that :

ating coloration while in the
is a silvery sheen that blots ou
pei use very faint the spots upon 1
sides

PICKUPS AND REFLECTIONS

»
ROBERT PAGE LINCOLN

HERE is little doubt but that angling
alters the whole sphere of one’s life,
presuming that up to a certain time in

‘a man’s history he has been wanting at the

stream’s edge and the lake’s marge; pre-
suming that hitherto he has not cast a line
for pleasure and enjoyment in many bicker-
ing streams; presuming he has all to learn,
and the first day of that wonderful learning
is yet to be. Angling, taken all in all, is

an open invitation to come out and appreciate
the harmonious. beauty of abundant Na-
ture. It is that call to our blood to get out
and wash away gloom and replenish the mind
with newer and greater ideals. If angling,
the laying of a line on a stream or lake, only
invited you to come out into the Open it
would have served its purpose. I am aware
of the fact that not all humans are alike.
Differences exist among them as they do
among all of the animals that inhabit this
planet and I suppose all other planets whereon
Man can live and breathe and struggle for
existence. One man beholds in so-called
fishing a nobler purpose;—a purpose, which,
realized does more than medicine could ever
do. It is when we are nearest’ the brink of
tawdry despair and emptiness that one touch
of Nature enkindles again the, candle of hope.
A few days or weeks along some stream will
clear away the fettering cob-webs of the mind
and one will come out firmer in his faith in
the ultimate belief in things conclusive and,
philosophical,—having fashioned his thoughts
anew to run along firm rocky river-beds,
thoughts, too,,as sweet as pine ozone, with
backbone to them, strong as the heart of the
oak. If one is able, by angling, or by -re-

pairing to the Open to- gain rest of mind;
if he is able to extract from the process newer
lights of retrospection and reflection surely
no more can be asked. With such things
as foundations, a world of happiness is creat-
ed. But unlike transitory splendours, that

are ephemeral, vanishing shortly after they —

are born, the delight, the happiness realized — i

that was begun in the world of the out-of-
doors, is never destroyed.

humdrum) occupations and endeavours.

If you have no faith in the restorative quali-
ties of fishing or angling, turn to a stream
push a boat out on some quiet lake, ae

ee that stream or row across that lake,
dr

op a line for fish, and let Time take care
of itself. Suddenly all your strife, your
ailing, your petty fears, your avaricious —
dreams are forgotten. All life is concen-
trated on one mite of a bobber. It has more ©
fascination than storehouses full of gold.
What might happen a minute from now,
(if that bobber should go under), is the upper-
most thought that fastens itself relentlessly
on the mind.- But strangely it is not the fish
you are after. Three fish will keep that
strange fascination afloat as well as three
hundred. As long as you have prospects
of getting a fish you are fascinated, and you
would rather have those prospects kept at
a distance than to have them realized all too
soon for that would mean completing the
incentive. It is the incentive that casts a
glamor over your fishing experiences—and ~
when you realize that, you have learned
the first, and rudimentary lessons of angling.

If more of these insomniacs, wild fanciers
of the night, whose daily life is between an
unventilated “home” and a dead air office,
would get out under the blue skies and look
a bud in the face, or drop a fly or a worm
in a‘stream they would become useful to
humanity. As a matter of fact no dyspeptic,
or insomniac lives but every day takes the
last light of hope out of some person who is
cheerful, or trying to be cheerful. Such
insomniacs try each night to woo sleep by
counting imaginary sheep leaping over broken
fences; if they would think about fish that

It lives in use | a
adding kindliness and zest to our daily (often i 4

__ the result in our magazine.

7 *, io q >
4359 wet, ~ ROD AND G UD
\ ~ . fs te q stan ;
Bitar me

y roy ony ae say | ee
got away and lay las Gok dies Chae FT Our cc mre Ww ll unde d tha

DURST Sg gee tage er

not get away; if they would think of the nights
of pure sleep they enjoyed under the stars
they would be the better off, or such is my

opinion.

Fish that get away are ponderous possi-
bilities for good. It is a good thing that big
fish do get away. It always leads one back
to Nature to finally endeavour by judicious

acquirements to circumvent a big fellow -

that will not get away. It is, in all respects,
the entering wedge of our speculations. It
leads us from one hope to another. By the
light of our experiences we con over angling
books of wisdom; we fashion new thoughts
and new plans all to be enacted in the ultimate
out under some gracious sky of blue and face
of water exaltingly pure and undefiled.
Were our tours into the wild places for-
gotten the day they are left behind there
would be no intrinsic gain in our going out.
But, strangely, the pleasure never dies. No
phase of that trip or this trip ever lacks
possibilities for discussion. One triumph or
thought is the basis of another. No creation
of Nature, no eternal and marvelous piece of
woods craftmanship, no Solution to Purity,
begotten of Mother Nature is ever lost track
of. The fundamental truths live on forever.
The faulty dreams totter inevitably to decay!

Of recent date I have received a letter from
a valued correspondent in which he states:

“J. am inclosing a few productions of artificial

flies that I picked up in Tokio, Japan a couple

___ of years ago that indicate to what a high plane

fly fishing has attained in the Flowery King-
dom. Notice the half barb on one and the
absence of the barb on the others. Some
years ago while bass fishing on the upper
- Delaware River in the United States I heard

__ of a sportsman who had been in the vicinity

- landing two and three pound bass
mouth) with a fly attached to some hundreds
of yards of ordinary sewing thread on his
reel.
__ but I did not know then of the little barbless

(small

This, thought I, was the limit of skill

hooks of the Japanese. The combination

7” of to my mind would be the last word in artistic

I hope you give these a try-out
yon the trout streams next spring and give us
I have had some
‘rather exquisite and productive sport with
them.”

I am indeed grateful to this writer for the
_ flies and the information contained in the
above. You may understand it is rather of
a surprise, for I doubt very much whether
I have ever seen a true Japanese fly before.

- and a slap of the tail will do the rest.

Hig 0 BG

consider them very artistic indeed; and th
serve to call to mind the artistic soul of t OUR,
brown people. There is no doubt but that ai
the adoption of a barbless hook to a fly, §
is a creation that calls for an adept fisher-
man or angler to use it to say the least. }

When one considers that even with a barb —
these small hooks are often thrown from the
trout’s mouth, one wonders as to the efficiency _
of these hooks. It would be a great delight
Indeed to witness a Japanese angler at work,
and especially going through the process of
playing such a fish. The barb on a hook
is an apparent necessity in all cases of angling;
but here we have a hook, purposely made
without a barb and which I should presume
is quite frequently in use in the Flowery
Kingdom. One thing is certain. Once the
angler has contrived to get a fish on that
hook the work of bringing him in must be ~~
of the shortest duration possible, and if it
be a trout, and that trout be a leaping trout
the chances appear two to one that the fish
would shake off. However, this may not
be the case. The fish angled for may not
rise above water as they do on this continent
but may work underwater. If working under-
water the barbless hook should manipulate
well. The trout that keeps under water ~*~
without rising, we generally get; it is the
leaping fish that is liable to win a bit of slack
How-
ever a barbless hook can be used in one
method I know of with as great success as
a hook with a barb. That is in ice fishing.

We have employed a barbless hook in such
fishing, but there the pull was almost straight
up; the operation of pulling up was rather
swift and the fish had no chance to shake
off the hook. But, horizontally, cast as one
casts in fly fishing the chances for success
are not so great. The average angler would —
make a fizzle using them. The line would
always have to be held very taut. Other-
wise these flies are ingeniously made, wing-
less, apparently in the larval form; they —
would, and should work finely on our streams,
or apy streams in the world. If the use of
these barbless hooks is common in Japan it
but shows how far advanced they are in
that country over this country. As asports-
manlike creation this can hardly be equalled—
for it certainly gives the fish more than a ‘ff
fighting chance at escape. Further in regard ©
to these barbless hooks I may make an
admission not out-of-place here. Just thes
small hooks are excellent in catching min :
nows, small and large for fishing purposes.

{

bh’

:) -
sy
:

Le

The lack of the barb makes it trifling easy
to merely drop them from the hook without
tearing them, or handling them. To handle

shiners is to shorten their lives two-thirds.

However, with the barbless hook you do not

even have to touch them—just tip them off

-the hook into the minnow pail. I most cer-

tainly will try these skillfully tied Japanese

flies on the trout streams next summer, or

this spring, at the opening of the season.
I have no doubt they are excellent.

As we draw closer in upon the season of
spring the blood begins to stir in anticipation
of the delights that are soon to be. One is
glad, after the long and monotonous months
of winter to finally realize that the siege of
snow and ice is at its logical end, and that
a newer resurrection is on the eve of blossom-
ing into being. The Nature lover is quick
to note and appreciate the signs of this
elaborate coming. To his eyes a thousand
things, unseen by the average eyes, are un-
folded. In every nook and corner the totter-
ing decline of Winter brings with it the fore-
runners of that wonderful advent. The
Angler, too, is alive and alert and his eyes
are longingly cast toward the rods and the
other tackle paraphernalia that make up,
in due proportion, his seventh heaven of
bliss. He is liable to rummage among the
odds and ends of his Waltonian acquirements
now with a zest that speaks of deathless
ambition. If there were preparations he did
not lay in in the winter, he is now busy pre-
paring and getting a new material. Not
all anglers go out for trout in the spring, (the
early spring), months; but a great many do,
and those that do amount, virtually, to an
army. They go out just to wet a line if no-
thing else. The mere dropping of a fly on
a stream even if no fish respond is meat for
pleasure and justifiable consideration. If a
trout or two be gotten, well, then success is
surely the Abundant Goddess.

As John Harrington Keene entertainingly
says:

“With the advent of spring comes trout
fishing. Wherever the trout is found this is
the case, and to spring trout fishing must
be awarded the palm as the chief of all angling.
There are several reasons why this is so.
First, the winter has given place to bright
sun, the songs of birds and the greenery of
foliage. The dark cold days during which
the whole creation, more or less, was in a
state of hibernation, have passed, and the
marvelous latent forces of Nature are kindling
into rapid life. The debility which more or

{

less affects mankind admits of change
vigor and the whole ahimate creation seem
sensible of a similar fact. Man discove
empirically—without much scientific reason-
ing that it is good to be out and about and >
the angler turns naturally to trout fishing, —
hardly conscious that he is doing so. It is
an instinct precisely on an equality with
the more personal intentions of the wholeof —
humanity.
thoughts of the fisherman turns to the beauti-
ful trout, and as abstinence enhances the
pleasures of achievement, the proposition is
self-evident that the first captures from the
gurgling sun-lit brook are of more piquant
value than any succeeding ones. Anyhow,
whether the proposition be self-evident or
not to the tyro as it is to the angler, it is
scored as a certainty. Spring trout fishing
is par excellence the fishing of the year. Just
as soon as the snow is fairly out of the water
the enkindled energy of the brook trout is
apparent. The fatigues of the autumnal
and winter domestic duties are past and with
returning warmth the vitality of the fish is
increased and the wasted tissues call out for —
food. It needs no Bridgewater treatise now
to convince us of the admirable adaption of
the means to the end in this case. Co-
incidentally with this revivification and de-
mand for food on the part of the fish, comes
the supply. The water Jarvae, conscious
of what the old nature-poet Lucretius terms
the invisible beginnings of life emerge from
their embryo states, and, according to their
species and inherent laws of being, come
forth in the imago state to be eaten—or
reproduce their species and die.”

Many anglers hold that to angle for the
trout in the spring is to capture fish that are
on their way to the spawning beds, milt-
laden or egg-laden fish, of both species. To
capture these fish is a distinct crime against
Nature, say the anglers of the greater school.
This is very true; and when there are spawn-
ing runs, how unwise and selfish is the angler
to take these fish! Yet the speckled brook
trout, (or charr), does not spawn in the spring.
It is one of the few that spawn in the early
or late autumnal season. Thus, in the spring
the angler may capture the speckled charr
without fear of endangering the future pro-
geny. But the salmon trouts spawn in the
spring and all egg-laden females at least should
4e returned to the river or stream. Innumer-
able means, destructive, indiscriminate, are
now used to catch the hordes of upward-
swimming fish. They will not always take
the fly, sometimes but rarely during the

In a wholly natural mannerthe —

as 4 _ a \ sai yh say
LOS si
ud Ay 32 " aN SD ey. Vy p 7
Fac ihc.’ hea en ;
paints ten buds b
Ry ‘

| nt ap use “hooks and hook the fish } in the
rapids as they come up. This is a mean
~ advantage and should always be watched and
stopped.
During the winter the tout: have been
sunken in the mud, hibernating so to speak.
They do not go into a deep sleep, however,
during the winter months, but inactivity
__ is the rule; they are disinclined to move about,
and take in little or no food. But as soon
as the warming rays of the omnipotent sun
begin to relentlessly honeycomb the .snow,
___and the ice begins to sag into the turbid flow,
— to float away downstream, then the trout
heed the call and come out of their winter-
‘retreats. In coloration they have been, dur-
ing this cold season, very dark in coloration;
but later on they lose the darker shade and
the subdued tones begin to enliven their sides.
Says Charles Southard:
“The spring season habitat of the trout is
Bein shallow and medium depth of water along-
_ shore and on shoals and bars. It is in the
ee fi early spring after the ice goes out of the
streams and lakes and. the sun begins to
warm up the water that trout leave their
-_-winter quarters, move about and seek the
shallow and warmest places. The angler
i should remember that at no other period of
- the year are the changes in trout coloration
so sluggish and the time required for the
changes to take place so long and uncertain
as in the early spring. At this time, when
trout are caught which have a dark colora-
tion, the angler can correctly surmise that
such fish have within a very few days worked
4 out of deep water. On the other hand, if
the trout have only a dull or subdued colora-
ion he can correctly assime that such fish
ave been in shallow water for at least a
week, if not longer. But when quite bright-
solored trout are caught the angler can be
ertain that such trout have been in shallow
- water with a bright bottom for some time,
SS and that they have finished their spring
cleaning by scouring themselves on gravelly
and sandy bottoms. In lakes and fairly
st Il water of streams, trout usually stay in
near the shallow water they first seek in
he spring after coming out of deep water
intil they have finished scouring themselves,
when, as a rule, they will move in schools
to other shallow places, and by the middle
of June settle in some good feeding place
for the summer habitat.”
Until quite late into the spring, even
when the trout are out and active the water
i stands in liability of being pretty well roiled,

©

: asl ran i rains.

Bharat ore 4 in spite :
fact that the eyesight of the trout is very
keen, the discolored water handicaps them —
in denoting things in the water, unless within
easy range of their vision. Then, too, the
trout are lying pretty close to the bottom
of the streams. The wise angler takes this
hint and if he fishes flies he fishes them
deep as possible. I have known instances
where, by fishing flies deep, good catches
have been made in and around the first
of the season. Also in the early fishing
with flies it is well not to use those that are
too small of size. I judge those flies tied to
Number 10 hooks the best at this season of
the year. Smaller flies, and midges are lost
in the water and cannot be seen. But the
larger flies often count toll. I have known
instances where a change from small fly to
large fly has been the difference between
failure and success. Then, too, there is
another safe hint, (at this season of the year
to take heed from), and that is to fish more
than one fly on the leader. The reason?
Three flies stand a better chance of being seen
than one. It is well then to fish with a long
leader and three flies. One fly is insufficient.
A matter of one fly is mostly fished on clear
streams where the artificial will be instantly
seen. Thus in mountain stream fishing one
fly is all that is needed. If that one fly is
played well it will bring as much success to
you as three. If you are using live bait of
a sort, like worms, helgramite (larvals of the
dobson fly), etc., see that you keep the lure
off the bottom of the stream and a-swim in
the water. Active movement in the water
of your live lure will win capture where the
bait, allowed to sink and roll around on the
bottom will not perhaps be seen, therefore,
not taken. A little ingenuity is a demand
in live bait fishing as well as in fly-fishing. |
And many an angler is also a live bait fisher- —
man!

pi

Ce

A correspondent has questioned me in re-
gard to what wood I think best for a solid
wood rod; what materials best for the mount- _
ings; whether he should use serrated or
shouldered ferrules and if the, two piece rod
is not the best. I shall try to answer these
questions as well as possible.

In my estimation, for a solid wood, I be-
lieve the bethabara is the best. If you are
able to lay hands on two exceptionally well-
grained, flawless sticks of bethabara, you _
have a material that will give you the means |
to a bai. rod that has any number of points

j

? works down fine minder the block biaes it is
-a wood that will give you action—an action

comparable, well, with the split-bamboo

proposition. Nor will this wood give in
under strain, and acquire a set to the tip as.

will other woods. Of course there are poor
qualities in all woods. You can get good
pieces, or you can get poor pieces, all de-

_ pending upon where you get it and what

price you are willing to pay. If you say
you want some extra-fine, selected pieces,
straight-grained etc., and if you are willing
to pay the slight cost of these two pieces
you will get just what you want. There are
some who place English greenheart ahead of
bethabara, but the good and poor materials
always apply, in either case. Noibwood
issa fairly good material, but does not com-
pare with the above mentioned two. Lance-
wood and dagama and ironwood I give ‘no
sanction for solid-wood materials. It is a
notorious fact that under strain the lance-
wood acquires a set to the tip_that spells
ruination.

The mountings of the rod should un-
deniably be of German Silver; nickle is weak.
flashy, and lacking in endurance. German
Silver is lasting, of a subdued tone of colora-
tion and devoid of that glitter, the rays of
which often frighten the fish. By all means
obtain the German Silver mountings, from
butt cap to agate-lined, off-set guide at the
tip; and do not fail to have the other guides
lined with true agate. It pays in the long
run. Agate lining saves lines, and promotes
casting efficiency.

The ferrules should be of the serrated sort
in preference to those that are without the

IN THE REALM OF REELS

ROBERT PAGE LINCOLN

T has long been a debated question as to
where and when the first multiplying
reel was made. The majority of the

authorities hold that the multiplying reel
was founded in this country. However this
has been staunchly debated. James Hen-
shall remarked: ‘George Snyder made the
first reel, and I might add the first multiply-
ing reel in the world, as all English reels at
that time and down to the present day were,
and are, single-action reels. George Snyder
was born in Bucks County, Pennsylvania and
went to Kentucky in 1803.”

-ending ferrule has a tendency to—

_tion as to how many parts the solid wood —

i ough for. solid wood d
come necessity. The shoulder

the rod at that point especially if it is of
boo. If it should ever break, through
reason or another, that breakage will
the ferrule end—if it is not serrated. T-
serrated ferrule admits of your silk windin
covering these serrations, so binding a
firmly holding the parts in place. The ques

rod should have is easily answered. There

is but one reasonable answer—the two part — «
rod. That admits of the butt part and the

tip part, with but one meeting place, usually
best set somewhat below the middle. Never
(by any means) have the ferrules, the joint
in the middle of the rod. Rather have it~
well below the middle. If in the middle the
rod is weakened. The heaviest strain will a
fall on the joint. Also it will injure the ~
action of the appliance; the more joints a ©
wooden rod has the less action it has. When
it comes to getting the maximum of action
out of a rod nothing can beat the one-piece
rod, but such a rod, (when we view it in the
light of transportation), is a manifest im-
possibility. You can’t get around with it;
it is unwieldy, cumbersome, inefficient—to be .
transported. But the one piece rod, (if
transportation is not a factor to be taken
into consideration), has the action and re-

siliency, for the simple and adequate reason
that it has no joints to spoil its length, and me

But, for all-around use, ‘
the two-piece rod answers the question per-

therefore its action.

fectly well.

In reply to this assertion Mr. R. B. Mar-
ston, the editor of the English Fishing Gazette
has said: a

“Doctor Henshall is not quite correct in. —
this statement. The brass multiplying reel |
was made in this country (England) and
was in fairly general use in the eighteenth
century. I forget at the moment which
authors first refer to it, but there is a fine
engraving of a multiplying reel in Daniel’s
‘Rural Sports’ published about 1800 to 18054
It is not spoken of as a novelty; he says,
‘You canfget it at any of the fishing tackle ©

¥ : ihe §
Oy sikty paki

‘dealer wn a ing bat iad just ‘the —

shape of modern American multiplying. reels.

In one of the scarcer and most original of

works in our great literature of angling,

_ published also about 1800 entitled, “The Fly-

Fisher’s Legacy,’ by George Scotcher, he tells
us that it is the result of many years’ ex-
perience. He says, ‘I would advise by all
means the use of a reel on your rod, as you
can then lengthen or shorten your line as
occasion requires, and the multiplying reel
is the best, provided you are careful to keep
it well in order, as without that care it is
apt to grow faulty.” S. Howitt in his An-
glers’ Manual, 1808 says: ‘Multiplying reels
are preferable because you can wind up your
line quickly.’

I possess fine English made brass multiply-
ing reels, some of which are probably over
100 years old. All my first ten years of fly-
fishing was done with an excellent multiply-
__ ing reel. They are found in the advertise-
ments of our fishing tackle makers for more
than acentury. But for the last half century

_ the best multiplying reels have undaubteas
been made in America.” i

Mr. George Snyder who has been spoken
mo" of as the inventor of the multiplying reel in
_ this country was born, as has been stated
__ inBucks County, Pennsylvania. This George
ae: _ Snyder went to the state of Kentucky in the
‘year 1803, establishing himself at Hop-
well, Kentucky, which is now Paris, Ken-
Be tucky. Mr. Snyder was an ingenious watch-
maker and silversmith by profession, and one
_ of inordinate talents as it proved. His love
ar B for fishing and all that pertains to the art
led him to establish many friendships among
_ the many disciples of Walton who then held
out in Bourbon County, Kentucky, where
_ Paris is situated. He proved himself a bright

a star indeed for he was made president of the
Bourbon County Angling Club in 1810. In
y aN referring to the subject Doctor Henshall has
remarked: “Mr. Snyder’s son, David Sny-
_ der, was a druggist in Cynthiana when I
a ‘Tesided there. He often talked with me
_ about his father and the invention of the
: He owned his father’s favorite reel,
oe a jewelled one, which I had in my possession
5, is until his death; I sent it to his nephew, also

a druggist, in Louisville, Kentucky, after the
_ Chicago Fair. George Snyder was an ardent
ease After his death his two sons con-
_ tinued making reels occasionally, one of which
_ is now in my collection. I might add that
_ in my collection is a brass reel made by Mr.
Sage, the smallest that I have seen, being
classed as Number 1—just the reel for a

t "3 Bs :

= ae

‘is fn peakece in ‘every respect, ee Sine
the first reel Mr. Sage made, a brass cli
reel, marked 1848 which he used in fly-fish- as
ing for black bass, in which art he was an
adept. Mr. Sage was not a watchmaker like ii :
the other reel makers, but he was a good
mechanic and often made reels for his friends.
To George Snyder is given the honor of
having made the original Kentucky multiply-
ing bait casting reel, and assuredly as a reel
maker Snyder was about one of the most
excellent in the world. Snyder took up reel
making, if not entirely as a profession, then
surely as a sideline. He’ was constantly
making reels for friends, residing in and
around Frankfort, Kentucky. There are
Snyder reels yet to be seen to-day that oper-
ate just as well and as staunchly as the day
when they were first made, which proves
conclusively that a good reel will last, and
as one man has said, they will out-live a man.
The death of Mr. Snyder did not stop the
making of reels by any means. The process
kept right on. In the Meek reel catalogue
I note that it is held that the first Meek reel
was made in the year 1833 but I am of the
opinion that the Meek reels were not founded
till later. The catalogue states: ‘The first
Meek reel was made in 1833, but the making
of fishing reels as a business was begun at
Frankfort, Kentucky, in 1835, by the firm
of J. F. and B. F. Meek, brothers, who were
widely known for their mechanical ability.”’ ~

However Mr. J. L. Sage, another famous
reel maker, now dead, said: “Sam Ayres
was a Lexington watchmaker, and after the
fashion of his kind, he had to move. In the
old times things were different from what
they are now. Tradesmen worked about
from place to place more, and a man of any
trade often did parts of work belonging to
other trades. Thus the old fashioned silver-
smith used to make and repair watches and
clocks, and do pretty much all sorts of fine ©
tinkering. It was a silversmith who made
the first Kentucky reel. Now Jonathan F.
Meek was apprenticed to Ayres and went over
to Frankfort, Kentucky after leaving Ayres to
work for a Mr. Loomis. Meek was a fisher
himself and loved the sport. At that time
the Kentucky River was a pure and un-
dammed stream and the fishing for bass and
pike was all that could be asked. This was
in 1839, and about this time Meek left Loomis, — ¥
rented a little shop, and set up a watchmaking
business for himself. The first Meek reel was —
a mighty good one and a better one than ©
Snyder made. It was a very small and lor

lec cut out pane ‘own ‘dhiingeelieels at
rank fort, but he had to go over to Dan-

i ville, Illinois to get the use of a machine to

cut his cogs. He finished up his reel with

his watch tools.”

Ben Meek, having served an apprenticeship
with Ayres also went into business with his
brother. Jonathan Meek held to his watch
making and repairing while Benjamin Meek
turned out reels. The demand for these reels
now began to grow and formed a more or less
substantial industry. The Meek reels were
made after the original Snyder pattern, but
it remained for another reel maker to improve
the form and thus establish a type. In the
year 1843 a silversmith in Louisville, Ken-
tucky, by the name of F. W. Hardman set

- about making reels, not so much for sale as

for experimentation. These reels were orna-
mented and exquisite in design, having three
bars but they were shorter than the Snyder
reels by at least one third. Mr. Sage has
further remarked in his interesting account:

“Tt was about now (1844) that the Ken-
tucky River was dammed and locked. The
boats used to lie up at a lock and the pas-
sengers would get out and gofishing. A great
many of these used the Hardman reel. Ben-
jamin Meek thus happened to see a Hardman
reel. He dropped the old Snyder model and
at once began to follow the Hardman model.
Benjamin Meek made a finished reel. He
put on a knurled rim to his plates. But he
made a five bar reel, and he did not screw
through the plates into the bars as Hardman
did. Barring that, the best reels of to-day
are practically Hardman reels. These older
reels nearly all had the click made of a piece
of goose-quill. This makes a pretty good
click, but one that will only wear about a
month. Benjamin Meek made reels in the
firm of J. F. Meek and B. F. Meek, of Frank-
fort, till 1850. Then the boys failed in busi-
ness, and had to give up their old shop.
Jonathan went to Louisville to work at his
trade of watch repairing. Benjamin took
in B. F. Milam as a partner at Frankfort.
Milam was formerly an apprentice of Loomis
but afterwards worked for Benjamin Meek
and then became his partner. In the new
firm Meek made the reels and Milam made
the watches, but Milam made poor watches
so they traded work, and Milam made the
reels. Things ran on in this way till 1864
and then Benjamin Meek and Milam dis-
solved partnership. Milam went on making
reels, and Meek kept up the jewelry business.

ae At length Benjamin Meek went to Louisville

The ees eaieaive) of "Benjamin
Louisville, Kentucky led to the foun

a still greater reel business which was
as Benjamin Meek and Sons, the makers
the so-called Improved Meek Kentucky reel Se!
This firm kept rapidly gaining in pres
putting out, without a doubt, some of
best reels in the world. Some of the be
anglers in the world used the Méek reel, rely- }
ing on its superior workmanship and excep- hs
tional construction. The Meek reels were. —
examples of the utmost skill and perfection
No one who has used a Meek reel, once will
ever have a word against it. It may cos .
more but it will give the utmost service. The
Meek reel Company at Louisville, Kentucky

kept right at reel making from the year 1883
to the year 1916., Sometime during that year —
the company that had so long done business

and had so long been a favorable mark for
merit in the ‘angling world, dissolved. The
Horton Manufacturing Company, the makers ~
of the Bristol rods bought them out. That
company will in the future produce these reels — hy
with the same degree of finish, beauty and _
exceptional durability. I am told by the
Bristol management that the same standards
of value will be catered to and that some hl
features will be brought out in their reel

tive than ever. The Meek reel has the record y)
and while not the parent of all the American — ie iK

reels, it surely is to-day a worthy leader
among first-class winches. A Meek reel is __
meant for hard and rough usage; it is a reel Hf
that will last you the greater portion of yon meee.
lifetime and still be worth while.

Simplicity marks the construction of the
Meek reel, and that, by the way, is something _
always to look for and demand. Simplicity — #
of construction is a prime requisite. The
Meek people originated the highly efficient _
spiral gearing; this gives creditable strength, _
power and Smoothness to the action of the ;
winch; two teeth of the gear act in unison
with two corresponding teeth on the pinion—
this produces the smoothness of running
ability. The last ten years have witnessed
a continual improvement in the gearing, ete.,
of the Meek reels. The tooth shapes have |
always been studied carefully to produce a fine 5 i
running winch, which has not only smooth- _
ness to its action, but which reduces friction
to a minimum, making it also more noiseless.
The comment of the Meek people that their a
reels have been and are the best on the market =

proven by anyone at any time. The pinions
of the Meek reel are of the best Stubs steel.
The rod runs through the spool; the pivots
and pinions are one solid piece: these are
tempered, then ground down and highly
polished. The Meek reels may be had with
or without the jeweled pivot bearings, though
s the price is naturally increased for this ad-
‘ditional feature. As to the value of the

jewels in the reel I can dono better than
‘first to state the w ords of one man who has
remarked;

“Jewel. points are no hurt to a reel, but
‘ they are not the benefit that it is commonly
thought they are. Most people do not know
how these reels are made, and think the
full bearing is jeweled, or that the spindle of
_ the reel works on jewels. That is not the
case. You see this little plug that screws
in. Its tip just rests against the point of
| the spindle. There is very little friction at
the end of the spindle; that comes mainly
) on the sides, where the spindle rests on its
Hi

bearings. Now the jewel is put right in this
end of this little plug. All it can ease is the
end-friction, and that is not so very great
a saving.”

But for that matter practically all of the
reels I own and have used and will use year,
__ after year are fitted with jewels of some sort

even among the cheaper winches; these are
hot jewels of great value, it is true; some
BS) are agate or cornelian cap jewels; the Meek
i a reels have these latter mentioned jewels by
the way. Personally I believe that the
_ efficiency of the reel is increased by the addi-
a tion of the jewels, though of course it all

_ depends upon the maker of that reel. If the
f reel is sent out by a hap-hazard maker—
ah that is quite a different story. But I agree
__ with Warren Smith when he says, that, ‘‘un-
_ doubtedly well fitted jewels add to the life
"i 3 and free action of a reel. Pian ad I be-

— Rese \endojia,! wall) oe ay Si eye a

Shes ee Se FO eS

ie ke => “ee ana

ia not . a Fiibast put eeene: that ani Hie: penibatee' ter ete 1a Ve

jewels should be~ well set and accura
ground or the spool will not run true, ¢
disaster inevitably results.” Mr. Smith speaks
of the possibility of jewels cracking. This is
something that has never happened on any
of my reels, and never will, unless of course
they are subjected to undue and drastic
treatment. I have used jeweled reels so
long that I have come to firmly believe that
a jewel, even in a seven dollar or ten dollar
reel not only promotes its efficiency but also
its longevity. Now when we say jewel, do
not think that this jewel need be a diamond,
or a sapphire necessarily. I have a five
dollar reel, a Shakespeare standard profes-
sional, that has ‘jewels,’ and which now
runs as well as it did years ago.

Since the early times in Kentucky there
have been many reel makers; some have
lasted but a short time: others have left
behind them a name for most creditable pro-
ductions. J. L. Sage was a man of great.
mechanical ability and was early in his life
apprenticed as a gunmaker and the maker
of instruments that demanded exceptional
skill. This work did not hold him long how-
ever. It was not until 1848 that he made his
first reel but it was just the beginning. This
genius kept at reel making off and on and as
late as 1883 dropped all other work and took
up reel making as a profession. .These Sage
reels were highly recommended; they were
of the original J. W. Hardman form that has
been spoken of elsewhere. Another reel
maker still doing business is the Milam Com-
pany—descendents of that same Milam who
was a partner of Benjamin Meek. The
Milam reel has not the wide prestige of the
Meek reels, but it has a select circle who will
always sing its praises. The Talbot reel has
also been established for_a long time and
has a_ solid-imbedded foundation. I have
never handled it, therefore know nothing of
it, save that it is one of the*highest priced
reels to be had on the market.

\HERE are any number of new anglers
and fishermen who take to the lakes
and streams every new year; but I
_ imagine I am fair in saying that where there
is one man or youth who goes out for the
lusty and lovable trout there are founor five
who take down the bait-casting rod, and,
q when ik season comes around, hie them
‘ to watery fields therein to enjoy pleasure
%

~ to the full. There is one thing in bait cast-
ing which is self evident. That is: where
fly casting is engaged in exclusively but
comparatively few species of fish are taken,
whereas, by means of the bait rod, any num-
ber of kinds of fish can be taken from the
various waters fished. Thus, as representa-
tive of fish in one lake we will say that there

_ are muscallonge, great northern pike, pickerel,
wall-eyed perch and bass. All of these men-
tioned are more readily taken on the bait-
casting rod either by actual casting or by
trolling. Bait casting is, on the other hand,
a sport for the man of moderate means. Fly
fishing more and more has come to be the
sport of men who have money to travel far,
or for men and people near to trout rivers
and streams. I may say that a great number
of the army that makes up the anglers, the
fly fishermen, happily live near to the trouting
streams and thus have easy access to them.
, But unluckily the distribution of trout and
‘other fish that are taken on flies is not wide,
due to the exacting climatic conditions, de-
| manded suitable environments, and native
- habitat. Also the fishes best taken on flies,
it will be noted, are hard to transplant to
alien waters. But other kinds of fish are
widely planted and very successfully dis-
tributed; these fishes are easily bred and
are populous by nature, thus keeping the
waters well stocked in a natural manner.
_ The fish of the common people are the bass
and the pickerel, foremost, then the pike,
the muskies, etc. These are easily gotten at;
they are known to be rugged and vigorous
fighters and are the means of affording the
fisherman much enjoyment—and the means
toward that end is bait casting. In the years
that have passed into the beyond since bait
casting was first inaugurated the process has

_ undergone innumerable changes, every change
a step of betterment—adding some new
efficient method, thus modernizing the whole
- subject. The boy of to-day goes about bait
asting minus the difficulties that attended

¥ ’ ike Sy a i ’ iy He (vias
RoBERT PAGE LINCOLN

us in our youth. He has a perfected ap i-

1237

ance at his command, well worth the p
that is asked for it, and one that can
depended upon, not only to fight that three or
four pound bass to a finish, but also to lay
low and control the biggest muscallonge that
swims water. On every side he is pees
with new, modernized materials. There are
the highly improved lines and reels and lures
that are found in repletion on the market.
All of these are more or less a complete suc- — ¥
cess. In our day we used dubious rods, and
since not so much was known on the subject |
in those days we were forced to do the best —
we could. And the best we could do was
usually a willow pole, a cotton line and divers —
Limerick hooks, two for a cent at the village —
store. The dawn of the day when the bait
casting rod, (the steel rod) was to arrive, had —
not yet come. When it did, it had at first
but a smattering of popularity, but gradually
this grew to more auspicious proportions as ©
purchasers of the rod increased in number. a
It was used a great deal in still fishing, for in —
length these rods were of due consideration
and durable, strong enough to fight an ox to ~
a finish. Of the first Bristol rods one writer
has said:
“The first rods were heavy, cumbersome —
things. I remember one which I saw and
handled more than twenty years ago. It was —
a steel pole sure enough. Why the inventor
used to say that one could use his rod to catch — tae
fish or beat a carpet. Bearing in mind those —
first heavy tools it is hard to realize that to-_
day a Bristol can be secured weighing only
five and one half ounces. The angler who |
desires a steel rod to-day can be satisfied
for I understand that they are made in eighty —
different models and three grades.” Mie
The earlier rods went in for length and _
highly concentrated strength. They were —
the beginning; the laying of the corner-stones
of a mighty big innovation; something that
was due to grow and grow to the height om
realized to-day—and the end is net yet by —
a great deal. Bristol rods have always forged -
ahead. There has always been improvement, ite tee
a betterment over the past year’s production. ws
At the same time the prices are comparatively _
small in return for the excellent grade of ma-
terial allowed. Take for example the Bristol
rod that is priced at seven dollars and a half; ~~
it has much the same material and features f
of a twelve dollar rod, and being made of _

_ durable.

_ fisherman sharing hints with another.

( Te tld ‘ ai

Pe EA: D. AND ¢ GUD
? : pte "
excellent clock spring steel is exceptionally
It does not give out but will con-
tinue to give service and a great deal of it.
Therefore it is a comprehensive thing in the
eyes of the average man, who has just so
much money to expend for pleasure and
wants to see that he gets his money’s worth.
To him the Bristol is the rod. It will last
for many years and still be as good as ever.
I have been asked by a great number of
new readers of Rod and Gun about bait cast-
ing rods, and most of them seem to desire
steel. They want to know the best kinds,
and I note that they are particular in asking
about the advantages of Bristol. One writer
wondered if the Bristol rod was all the num-
erous advertisements of it claimed it to be—
and he wondered if the advertisements were
not painted to represent the Bristol rods for
ten times more than they really were. Allow
me to reassure the reader who asked that
question and all others who may think the
same, that they are badly mistaken. Bristol
rods are meritorious first, last and all the
time. No editorial dictates compel me to
make that remark for it is my frank and
honest opinion. You want a rod. You ask
me my opinion. I give it, as one brother
True,
Bristol people advertise well and freely, which
has doubtless helped to make Bristol rods
very popular, but this popularity is no mush-
room growth come up over night and passing

_by day. Bristol has something to sell that

is well worth while. That worth has been
hunted out by thousands of fishermen and
they have purchased, and the news has spread
and they have purchased rods for their sons
and brothers and fathers and thus the fame
of the Bristol steel rod has grown. The ac-
tion, the durability, the air of business about
the rod has made it head over all the steel
productions. But with its steady growth
and increasing popularity and added sales
the Bristol people have not hoarded their
money, making their advertisements smaller
and smaller as their fame increased. They
are consistent believers in advertising, gain
or lose. And if their goods did not merit
usage and recognition, neither redoubled
publicity or advertising could keep the com-
pany away from failure.

So much for the reader who doubted the
advertisement of the Bristol rod.

To those who have asked about steel bait
rods let me say again, as I have often said,
do not expect service or one iota of sport out
of a green painted blowpipe you buy in a
department store for one dollar and twenty-

, six cents’ that has’ a maple handla ans ar

instantly.

about it equal to the stiffness of a pu an
believer in spanking machines and witchcraft. _
A rod like that appeals to the boys—and —
fathers are quick to buy them for their cheap- —
ness—it’s the price, not the quality that
appeals to them. The actual value of the
rod may be but five or ten cents, (out of good-
ness of heart we'll allow ten cents), but its
value in service is absolutely nil. Common
sense should assure one that nothing of value
in rods can be purchased for so low rice.
I hope the boys reading this, will remember
these words.

I started in with a bait rod that cost about
two dollars and a half. The only difference
between that rod and the one dollar and
twenty-six cent rod was, or is, that one was,
or is, painted green and the other black, and,
too,—not forgetting the difference in price.
My next venture was a four dollar rod after
having tried out a few ten cent store bamboo
rods that cost eighty-nine cents apiece, or a
dozen, I fail to recall which. The four dollar
rod had some fine points to its credit and I
gradually began to understand what consti-
tuted the difference between a good rod and
a poor rod. Then it was that I noted the
stiffness along the iength of the poor rods
and the easy give and action in the better
rod. A bait casting rod to have virtue must
have a notable degree of resiliency. That is
to say, the power to jump back, or rebound
to its normal position if bent in a curve. It
is this resiliency, the ease of giving in to the
forceful rushes of a fish and the coming back
of the rod to normal that marks the difference
between the poor rod and the good rod. And
of all the rods I have ever tried out the Bristol
has a resiliency that is distinctly superior to
all others—clock-spring Bristol steel guar-
antees that, by the way.

You always tell a good rod by this resil-
ency. If the rod material is weak the bound-
ing back to normal is dull, and has not the
life demanded. If good steel, it bounds back
It is good sport and fun to play
a fish with a rod with a comprehensive give
and resiliency to it; but try the same stunt
with a stiff rod and you realize how empty
and lack lustre the performance really is.
It is cruelly dissatisfying to say the least.
In the rods from four and five dollars up you
can expect to get that high resiliency.
The more you pay for a rod the better it —
should be, and the longer it should last, and _
the more enjoyment you should get out of it. j

Among the readers of this will be ma
who will start bait casting for the first ti

and the various pikes.

g, when the season opens on bass
Many a fellow is
going to come home with a grin on his face
and a Johnny Walker exuberance in his
heart having found bait casting the best sport
of all. But let me caution you first. If
you buy a rod remember that a low priced
rod gains you nothing. Better wait till you
have an extra dollar or two and then get a
good rod. What appears high in cost to you
now will seem cheap to you later on. Let
me tell you something. Anything that you
buy cheap you think cheaply of you handle
it cheaply, throw it around, and soon forget
it. Finally your wife or your mother will be
using those rod joints to stay up her flowers
with—and you will not blame her. But how
about the rod you paid a litile for? You
treasure it, you look after it, you are never
found guilty of throwing it around, letting it
stand out in the rain to court. ruin and in-
evitable disaster. In a word, you take pride
in it. In the long run it is the cheapest be-
cause it is the best.

One point that new purchasers of rods like
to know about is: how long should my bait
casting rod. be?

In the earlier days of the casting rod it was
thought scandalous not to have the rod about
ten feet in length, like a fly casting rod. But
that day has safely and surely passed. The
demand for a shorter rod was established;
hence the shorter rod. This was principally
brought about by the inauguration of tourna-
ment bait casting where people see how far
they can send a bait against rival competitors.
Bait casting at tournaments still exists and
affords enjoyment for thousands every year.
At first the theory was that to gain distance
to a cast one needed a long rod; in fact the
rod, in the notion of the people in those days,
could not be too long. But the drop was
made from a very long affair to four feet, and
even less, I believe. The shorter the rod by
the way the stiffer it becomes. You do not
in my opinion gain distance with the short
rod. From the very short rod the tourna-
ment caster went up a notch till finally the
five and one half foot length was reached
and there it paused and has held to that length
foralong time. That is not to say, however,
that all tournament casters use the five foot
six length, but a great number of them abide
by it. In the five foot six inch length you
are afforded room for resiliency and action.
It is the thoroughly recommendable length.

Another point to be considered is the
guides to be had on your rod. A long time
ago they were wont to have guides the size

~ of quarters on the

ud,

f Dis
held that one was better aie
line through these guides, thus attai
greater distance. In theory this looks’ Fr
right, but in practice it proves nothing. The
guides should not be too large.

that illustrate the point striven for.

The object of the guides is essentially i

of course, to convey the line. Here is a point
that the average man does not dwell upon

when thinking of purchasing a rod. Re-—

member that a line will be called upon to
pass through these guides thousands upon

thousands of times in an active day’s fish- i!
ing. That means that the line, if it is poor, —

will wear out if the guides are of poor con-
struction. On the cheaper rods it will be
noted that these guides are merely wires often
of the ‘“‘snake”’ variety. The friction caused

by the line wearing over these wire guides —

soon kills the line and a good line, with merit
to it, costs a little; and since one uses many
bait casting lines in active service the longer
one can retain them in usable shape the
better. Particularly is friction centered on
the top guide of the rod. The line wears
most upon this and if it is of wire only it will
soon mean a frayed line. Here is where the
agate lining to guides comes in. True agate
guides set in German Silver are the most per-
fect and while they cost a little they are the
best that money can buy and your line will
last three times as long. The agate pre-
sents a smooth surface over which the line
may run. The Bristol rods are furnished
with German Silver fittings, with raised
agate guides—true agate—not imitation, by
the way. Cheaper rods, of other makes
which are recommended as having true agate
guides are not agate, but imitations. Agatine
is a common imitation.

Another point, as recognized in the Bristol
rod, and which places it in the fore-rank in
our estimation. The good Bristol rods have
besides the usual handgrasp what is known
as the forward grip, that is to say, a grip of
cork above the reel as well as the one in back.
What are the advantages of having a forward
grip is often asked. This: it gives you a
firm hold upon the rod when reeling, and
insures a better hold on the rod when reeling
in a fish. The value of the forward grip in
consideration of the two above-mentioned
elements is great indeed. There were not
many of these rods, so supplied with a for-
ward grip, in use till shortly ago. If I do
not mistake the invention was a Bristol in-
vention. I do remember that it was a Bris-

The Bristol
rods are equipped with standard size guides

SNE Sa Sa Se

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SES ore

we

a.

= -

*
Sige ae

~ tee?
oe

makes, are without the forward grasp, or
grip. After one has used such a rod, and
then uses a rod having the forward grip he
- will understand just how valuable this addi-
tion is. The latest Bristol rods are so fur-
nished that the reel is closer to the hand.
This is a distinct improvement in that it
aids materially in better thumbing of the
reel; and for the student who is learning the
art of bait casting from the free reel this
amounts to a very great deal indeed. In

a , the past it has been noted that the rods have
~~ been so made that thereel sits too far from
ie the hand and the hand quickly tires. With
____ this new invention this is quite done away
igs with. Any beginner with a Bristol rod
ne should be able to cast from fifty to seventy-
oa five. feet in a short time, correctly, and time

after time, without backlash. The action,
\ the resiliency of a bait rod has a great deal
“eae to do with destroying the backlash proposi-
tion by the way.

Another point scored by the Bristol people
in their systematic looking after the needs of
the present-day bait caster, to see that he
has everything his own way, is the finger-
pull, or hook. On the Bristol rod this finger-
hook is detachable by a special patented
system, and is about the most efficient thing
I have seen and used. Needless to state the
finger-hook, or pull, is a demand on the bait
-_ easting rod. The reason is not hard to hunt
for. Not only do you get a better and firmer
hold on the rod, but connected as it is to the
reel band that holds the reel safely and surely
on its seat, that same reel cannot; by any
matter of means, come off, as often is the
- trouble with a reel on a rod without a finger-
pull. How exasperating to have a reel sit

_ shaky and jerky on the seat; one has to push
down the reel band at all times. Then when

to the bottom of the boat. This happened
time and again during my past as a bait
easter. The finger-pull safeguards against
all that and its importance, as an adjunct of
efficiency in the complete bait casting rod,
_ cannot be over-estimated.

In the true, virtuous steel bait casting rod
4 _ you have an appliance that is well set up and
a it has the true feeling of efficiency about it.

out. Pytoet™ cheaper perc of * “vartous 0 ther ti

theri picks’ aa a ‘cheap that and you will
note the difference. Indeed, without
to it, the rod is useless as a desirable go
unit. Ifarod has the feel it has the reathtas cy Bs,
the action, the life. The good bait castingrod _
has backbone to it, but not too much back 4
bone, so much, in fact, that it hurts the |

actions.. Therein lies a valuable point. True,
there are heavier Bristol rods that are in f
more or less solely for trolling, because there —
are some who want a rod for one thing only. _
Thus if bait casting they want a bait casting ©
rod made for that purpose alone; therefore

they have it lighter than the trolling rod.

Then they have the heavier rod for trolling.

I may say this is a very good idea indeed.

Personally I use a Number 33 Bristol a great
deal both for bait casting and for handling
the heavier fish, such a& the muskies, the
pike and the pickerel. The Number 33 has
handled a thirty pounder with the finest and
most elaborate finish—proving, that besides
being an ordinary bait rod it is a rod that
can be used for all round purposes. This,
I think, is what the average angler is on a
still hunt. for. ay .

The slovenly and careless fishermen always —
sees to it that he does not eare for his tackle
paraphernalia, and in due time he comes to
fish with the same enthusiasm—or the same
lamentable carelessness to be more exact.
Anything to last must have good care, and
good looking after; that is the demand in ~
practically everything. The careless hunter
after coming home from the day’s tramp sets _
his gun away without cleaning it and after-
wards wonders how in the world it became
pitted with rust, taking it for granted that
it is the poor material in the gun that is the
cause of it—which is not the case. The
same way with the rod. It is set away ina _
corner and is forgotten. ‘Often a rod is left ag
out in the rain, and the ferrules rust. When _
you come in from your day of fishing on the a |
lakes take your rod apart and put the various
joints in their compartments in the cloth ©
affair made for that purpose and which rods _
come in. If the ferrules stick one in the —
other never twist a rod to take them apart; ik.
if, by a straight pull, you cannot get them
apart hold the flame of a match over the _
parts for a short time and you will find they —
come out. If ferrules stick badly rub the ©
male ferrules with emery, but very lightly
so as not to injure the parts. A little Three
in One oil in the female ferrules will often
help a great deal to keep them in order. “

ey
i)

¥ - the Bristol material is far in the lead, often

Lambertville, Deer Island;
New Brunswick, Canada.
‘Robert Page Lincoln,
Woodstock, Ontario.
My Dear Friend :—

There are pleasant things that occur to us
in this life and serve to soften its asperities;
just so is a letter from you, in this respect,
looked forward to by me and appreciated
beyond measure. As you say, no matter how

impetuously the cold wind may blow, nor how

sad and sombre are the days, how persistently
adversity throws its withering shadow on the
joys of life, true friendship still remains,
q shining with unfading radiance—a sun that
breaks through the gray skirts of the lifting
i squall and illuminates the scene. Nor yet is
it bounded by the material horizon; all earthly
things must fade; the untimely frosts which
nip the flowers of life, the wrecks of hope that
strew the pathway of the years, the bleached
skeletons of ingratitude and insincerity which
gleam with ghastly whiteness on the Sahara
of life, and mark the springs that failed, enter
not into this element of our nature. A new
and beautiful idea of yours is contained in
your remark, elegantly expressed, that friend-
_. ships formed by the margins of mighty rivers,
; by the shores of limitless seas, in the dawns
;

<

and eves of blushing June leave a lasting and
‘permanent impression on the heart. Moore,
sweetest of singers, embodies your idea that
beautiful scenes and locality intensify friend-
ship, that most noble attribute of the soul,
when he sings:
“Sweet vale of Avoca, how calm could I rest,
In your dear happy valley, with the friend I
love best;
- Where the storms, which we feel, in this cold
world shall cease,
And our hearts, like thy waters, be mingled in
peace.”
My never-to-be-forgotten friend, Sir
William Van Horne, on one occasion when he
was painting a Canadian scene, said to me:

y
2
:

<

Hever: abe without. People, knowing that

LETTERS BY THE WAY

_ Being an Interchange of Letters between Robert Page Lincoln and Doctor Harry Gove we
of New Brunswick. me

under these hardakipa i
rod and it will stand you in stead as lon
you fish. or

“Outside of the few real friends I have, this
adopted land of mine, with its royalty of
Nature, lies nearest to my heart.” On
another occasion I met the Japanese am-
bassador at his residence. The ambassador cf
said: ‘‘Doctor, a man or woman who can
look death fairly in the face, without a trace
of fear, has a true Philosophy. Your Christian
Philosophy is marred and disfigured by the —
fear of death.” Sir William remarked 3
““You are wrong Prince. The Christian faith —
and philosophy annihilates the fear of death;
your Philosophy, your poetry, your teaching
deals alone with the material world; our
aspirations are beyond the stars.” ey
Retrospective glances are sometimes agree- —
able; at times, without an effort of the will
the ghostly shadows of departed years burst —
through the bounds of Memory’s haunted —
cell and wander down the corridors of thought. —
In the long, uneventful winter evenings the ©
recurrence of brighter scenes and fairer days —
are persistent in their character. Days of —
cloudless skies, beside the river, when life
was worth living and where from morn till eve —
the happy hours danced with rhythmic feet.
Perhaps Nature is ever sweeter for the fancies
that one is prone to weave about her. Have —
you not heard the pipes of Pan far off in dusky —
dells and thrilled responsive to the mystic _
sweetness of his Aeolian airs? Have you not —
seen at the close of summer eves the milk-
white ankles of the Naiads flash beside the __
stream? Yes, for like myself you too have
roamed the Angler’s Land. You too have :
felt the seductive charm of this Arcady of ours, — i 4 Ae
beyond whose bounds Black Care and the
Avenging Furies forever pitch their tents, but
never enter. In all the world this is the only
land of perfect rest—a Lotus-flowered land,
whose very perfume lulls us into forgetfulness
and peace. He lives the best who with ear
attuned lists to the music of the streams that
sparkle through its vales,—he loves the best —
who with unclouded vision sees the majestic

ey aT NO A eee ees Nee

outlines of its towering heights, its flowery
meads, its woodland ways and understands
the music of her soul. Your letters that
brighten for me intervals in a life where many
hours are long are not from far away; they are
from the Angler’s Land. Such is the com-
munity of ideas, the love of Nature and all
that appertains to it—that binds us and more-
over we have united in an effort to uplift
Angling as an Art. To us, as friend to friend,
it is ‘‘hands across the sea.’”’ I may never
again see the river I have loved so well. At
my time of life, in my journey down it to-
wards the sea, I have passed the shimmer of
its shallows and have left far behind its
pleasure isles. So be it. But soaring above
all is the fact that I have loved Nature,—I
have played my flies in her crystal streams and
have learned the wisdom of her ways. That
surely were a mark of good attained.

I am sincerely glad that you have been
pleased with the lake trout flies that I sent
you. These have been the result of careful
and painstaking experimentation, for it is
only by care that one can arrive at anything
like perfection. My idea is that quill is the
correct material, on account of its lightness.
This used in the construction of the bodies
brings with it ready success. There is a
substance that also strongly appeals to me as
eminently suitable for this purpose. I refer
to Raffia grass, used by all gardeners in train-
ing plants and making up bouquets. It is to
be had of a pale cream and ginger color. The
thin tape-like substance should be slipt, a
strip torn off, tightly twisted and wound on
the body of the fly. It will resist water for a
long time, but to make this body perfect I will
coat it with a waterproof varnish. It ribs
well, the laps closing perfectly; more than
this, it takes a dye readily and is nearly un-
breakable. I never heard it questioned that
lake trout flies are not the best for the capture
of fish in the locality for which they were con-
structed. There never was a statement that
had a more forceful element of truth in it than
your remark, “there is no apparent reason
why good stream trout flies could not be ap-
plied for the same purpose, and vice versa.”
Another remark of yours it will be well for
anglers to keep in mind, namely—‘‘fly-tying
to be anything of a success must be artfully
considered.”” The flood of guesswork in some
of the new and unsavory methods of fly con-
struction have completely submerged the
little amount of common sense it originally
possessed, if it ever had any. Anything of
a hideous character, if it only wiggles, finds
aready sale. Does anyone ever stop and con-

~ ROD AN DG U NI N CANAL s 4

SEF het

_ to the other.

m ear’ : fT y oe tas %

sider that ed ey Bi AS aioe e
on it the ban of condemnation. Every ang
must admit that the qualities that go to make
one successful in the fly-tying Art, are judg-
ment, skill, a knowledge of the habits and
powers of the fish, also of the insects on which
he feeds. Are not these the very qualities
that make a successful fly-dresser, and which
the practice of it develops? It is to be sig-
nally remembered that to those who combine
manufacture with use, and use with manu-
facture we owe all the real improvements
made in this line of sport. b

In reference to your suggestion that I am
both a colorist and formalist in regard to trout
flies I must say that such truly is the case.
In fact I adhere to one principle as much as
Now in all reason can we
suppose that if we presented to a trout a fly
of a scarlet color, when it should have been
white, that he would not notice it, provided
it had the correct shape? Away with such
nonsence. The life of a trout depends upon _
the acuteness of his vision, not only in the
prosecution of his foraging for food but also
as a protection against his enemies. Without
acuteness of vision his celerity of movement
would be practically useless—in fact it would
be an element of danger to him but he can
capture fish as agile as himself in the watery |
element. The very, very large size of the
magnifying lens of the eye of a fish, and the
perfect manner in which it is adjusted to
fulfill the requisitions of the element for which
it was designed place it beyond the shadow of
a doubt that fish can, and do, distinguish
between colors. People who ignore this agree,
however, that they recognize shape. Per-
sonally I have no use for such unscientific,
hair-splitting arguments. Your remarks,
relative to the sight of the fish, are so com-
prehensive they leave nothing to be added.
In fact they accord with an article on the
eyes of fish contained in my ‘‘Comparative
Anatomy”’ where it is thrashed out to the most
minute filament. In the study of River
entomology, the importance of which is
acknowledged by all who follow the higher

branches of angling, fly-dressing is almost as’ _

useful as dissecting is, in the study of anatomy.
That it stimulates the Angler’s appreciation
of the form and color of the insects, with
which he is concerned, must be apparent to
all. There is this about it, if the Angler is not
a fly-dresser, the fly which he uses will not in
eight out of ten cases be the expression of his
ideas. A stupid artist, right or wrong, thinks
he has found the correct color and constructed
his lures on perfect lines of shape and measure- i

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 1243

GET
“READY

Prepare For The
Spring Drive

In New Brunswick when the Salmon
return from the Ocean to spawn, the fast
rivers and cold water help to bring out
their fighting qualities, and each fish

taken will represent hard work and a good tussle.

The guides are the best to be found, and if they are
members of the New Brunswick Guides Association
you are protected from unfair charges. Their experience
enables them to provide real comfort to visiting fishermen.

Make your plans now for guides and other information,
by communicating with A. O. Seymour, General Tourist
Agent, CANADIAN PACIFIC RY. Montreal, Quebec.

* 944 ee

ment, when in reality his creation is but a
caricature. Examine a commerical, sweat-
shop fly and see if this opinion is not correct.
To the two theories you referred to, one, that
of the formalist, the second, that of the colorist,
a third may be added, which seems a com-
promise between the two. If I judge aright
it is based upon this idea: Assuming an
analogy between a fly-fisher and an advertiser,
it lays down the rule that whereas the latter
finds it advantageous by a misspelt word
or striking incongruity, the former may hope
for good results in the use of an artificial fly
resembling the natural insect in most respects,
but with such difference, as may excite
curiosity but not engender fear. I answer
this as follows: A feeding fish is open to re-
ceive but one impression, namely: the image
of the fly upon which it is feeding, and is
relatively impervious to all impressions of no
greater inherent magnitude. If this be
correct, the importance of correct coloration
is of vast import, for if a freak color be employ-
ed, it is only calculated to arouse suspicion
to the main point of freakishness, i.e., the
presence of the hook. As regards fish taking
at times what we term the ‘‘freak fly’’, there
is nothing to prevent our thinking that in
many cases where the: “wrong fly’ is taken,
that it is rather for its resemblance to the
“right one’’ than its divergence from it. I
am of the opinion that the scientific appli-
cation of color to the artificial fly is worthy of
two letters on the subject, the first of which
I would prefer you to write. I know there
-are Anglers who sport the idea that it is of
little importance what kind of fly is used. I
trust however that the clear and comprehen-
sive way with which you have dealt with this
subject will forever set at rest this most
erroneous opinion, a creed which does dis-
credit alike to the fisherman and the fish. If
there is anything that would excite the en-
thusiasm of the fly-dresser it would be the
contemplation of the May-flies, but there
would be a shade of sadness connected with
it, engendered by his apprecietion of the fact
of how poorly the application of his art
accords with the glistening elegance of their
fairy-like forms and flashing wings. They are
by far the most beautiful objects that flit
above the streams and float upon their sur-
face—Pilots of the Purple Twilight; Argosies
of Shining Sails. It is, therefore, in the light
of these marvelous creations of Nature, re-
markable what crude material has been
selected to artificially represent and imitate
them. Are not the ideas represented in their
make-up reflections of what might be con-

PUTING
Wisp Apa sire oto a OT te ae
> an

sidered -

_parts you wish the powder to adhere to. Now

rT
Ji

Se tic ns of

all the monstrosities of one a their imi
tations, as sold in the shops, are duplicates o
the most awful nightmares of the insect world,
if there are any. I can tie one better than I
can give my ideas expression. I can tie one
(as you know) that no artist can duplicate
with his colors and well-trained hand. I mean —
that a painting will not express the ideas of an
artistic fly-tyer, who has taken Nature for his
guide, and from -it evolved an imitation that
results from a life-long study. As a labor of
love, so to speak, we are writing these letters,
calling the attention of Anglers to what are
the very facts of the case, and we have made
no statements we are not prepared to prac-
tically and conclusively demonstrate.

There are certain elements in Keene’s
membranous Tarpon Scale wing for a front
fly that exist in no other known material.
John Harrington Keene and myself fished
them together on the Maguadavic River, the
last and never-to-be-forgotten time we met,
and if I live these flies shall be fished again.
I will impart to you privately all I know
relative to their construction. I say privately
because I feel assured that you will feet like
myself that no sweatshop fly producer shall
ever destroy the beauty of his wonderful con-
ception. I referred to giving the moths (in
fact any fly) a dash of gold dust. This gives
to the fly the required irridescence and spec-
tacular brilliancy for which it is famous in
life. The production I use for the purpose is
known as Sapolin Gold Enamel. It is sold
in small boxes, containing a vial of clear,quick-
dying varnish, a receptacle of powder, also
asmall brush. Immerse the brush in the vial
containing the varnish and touch lightly the

blow the gold dust in the other vial over the
fly. It will adhere only on parts, when the
varnish has been applied.
For the benefit of the readers of these letters
I will give them the dressing details of a May
fly, something which as you know through
our experimentations has never been ap-
proached, to say nothing of being equalled.
Make the body with a feather, or rather fea-
thers, coat it smoothly with Sapolin gold
varnish; over this wind a thin strand of gut
that has been dyed the correct shade of yellow.
This gives it a seductive appearance of trans-
parency, excelling all attempts ever before
made in this particular direction. Hackle this
fly with a bright amber-colored cock’s hackle; _
above it put two turns of a fine yellow Macaw _
feather, and upwing it with our transparent —
wing material. I am prepared to tie this

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 1245

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CLARK’S

CAMP SPECIALTIES

Need No Eulogism — You Know Them

Corned & Roast Beef Peanut Butter

Cambridge Sausage Fomato Ketchup
Lunch Ham Spaghetti with
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Ox Tongues Cheese

Jellied Hocks Fluid Beef Cordial

CLARK’S CELEBRATED
PORK and BEANS

Your Camp Outfit is incomplete
Without Them.

W. CLARK, LIMITED, MONTREAL

Spring Fishing
inthe Highlands
of Ontario

MUSKOKA LAKES—Black Bass, Pickerel, Salmon Trout.

KAWARTHA LAKES—Speckled Trout, Black Bass, Maskinonge.

pasa OF BAYS—Speckled Trout, Salmon Trout and Black
ass.

pe UIN PARK—Speckled Trout, Black Bass and Salmon
rout.

TIMAGAMI—Black Bass r ake Trout, Speckled Trout.

LAKE NIPISSING—Black Bass, Maskinonége, Pickerel, Pike

GEORGIAN BAY—Black Bass, Salmon Trout, Lake Trout,
Pickerel.

OPEN SEASONS

Black Bass, June 16th to December 31st.

Speckled Trout, May 1st to September 14th.

Salmon Trout and Lake Trout—November 6th to
October 4th, followings year.

Maskinonge—June'l6th to December 3ist.
Pickerel— May 16th to April 14th, the following year.

Full particulars, fishing regulations and illustrated folders free
on application to C. E. Horning, Union Station, Toronto. and
J. Quinlan,-Bonaventure'Station, Montreal.

G. T. BELL, iW. S. COOKSON,

Passenger Traffic Manager. General Passenger Agent.
Montreal, Quebec. Montreal, Quebec.

“ONTARIO LAKE TROUT

PFOA ee Ey

as the most correct imitation of the natural in-

sect in the world, against all comers, bar none.

The positive and elaborate statements in
your excellent letters leave but little for me
to say on the subjects you have taken up,
The literature of angling is as familiar to you
as your knowledge of the alphabet and the
facility with which you arrive at a conclusion
of what is correct and what-is scientifically
deficient of proof is really surprising. I only
venture to air at times a few practical hints
I have picked up by experience, largely of a
practical character. I think it a wise course,
taking into consideration the wretched con-
dition the art of angling is in at present, es-
pecially regarding the material it has selected
for the imitation of insects if possible to forget
all about it and absolutely begin anew, using
our own ideas and conceptions. Is there any
value to the Angler in a book, written on this
subject, containing beautiful illustrations of
the natural insect which cannot be expressed
through the medium of an artistic imitation?
It is just this—there is much of flattering
illustration going on in the present day with
little to back it up from a practical stand-
point. Presume that the plan of a fly is laid
before the maker of commerical flies—do they
produce the correct thing? Hardly; they
make the same awful mess of it that they make
with the so-called standard regulation flies.
It is well known to the readers of these letters
that anything lacking in scientific argument
is as nothing in the eyes of Grand Vizier
Lincoln.

The scientific aspect of the ‘“‘oil tip” is
known to few, and the important part it plays
in dry-fly fishing is not even dreamed of,
although in it is one of the to-be-aimed-at
ideals in the practical construction of a fly.
Imprimis, it is necessary to understand there
is a great difference between the molecular
structure of the particles on the surface of a
fluid and those beneath the surface. The
cohesive power of the latter is practically nil,
whereas, that of the dormer, is such as to
cause the surface to assume all the properties
of an elastic skin. This will explain the fact
that a dry and well polished needle will float.
If the needle be pushed through the skin it will
sink. If the surface -of the needle is rough
the water will creep over it and the supporting
skin give way, the needle being brought be-
neath the surface will again sink. The case
of the dry fly that has not received an appli-
cation of the “‘oil tip” is similar to this; the
stretched elastic skin gives way, creeps over
the feathers and pulls the fly beneath. Oiling
the feathers simply prevents the water from

water and oil will not dahare: ‘this eaubee 2
fly to float for a much longer time. In phy-
sical laboratories paraffin wax is used, gener-
ally, to baffle the clinging properties of water,
but it is vastly inferior to our “‘oil tip’’, from
the fact that we found by microscopic exam-
ination that its tendency is to assume points
of crystallization, inimical to the object in
view. A perfect emulsion of oil is a chemical
impossibility but our “‘oil tip’, through the
method of its chemical composition has placed
an animal oil in an almost perfect form of
sub-division that will permeate the most
minute filament of a feather and stay there
through a whole season’s fishing—one dip
doing the work. No matter how smooth and
waterproof you make the dry fly you cannot
get away from the “‘oil tip’”’ in dry-fly fishing,
the reason for which I will explain to the
readers. In almost every case of practical
importance a body which does not sink to the
bottom of a fluid displaces a quantity of water
equal in weight to itself. This Archimedean
rule, universal in its application, strange to
say, is of minor importance to the dry fly
Angler. Place a dry fly that has received the
“oil tip’? on the surface of the water, in an
upright, or cocked, position. Its displacement
is very small, little more than the bend of the
hook being under water; then sink the fly,
pressing it under the water. On the pressure
being removed it will, (if a typical dry fly)
rise rapidly until the tips of the wings touch
the surface, where it will remain, still en-
tirely submerged, held down by the elastic
skin on the water. Before, when floating, it
was the elastic skin that held it up. A dry fly
that has not received the “‘oil tip’, when it
breaks through the elastic skin, goes to the
bottom and will not rise until the tips of its
wings touch the surface, as the fly that has
received the “‘oil tip’? above referred to. In
all ordinary questions of buoyancy its pre-
sence may be ignored, but its influence on
dry-fly fishing is supreme. Observing matters
along this line of thought and conception to
be as nearly perfect as man can fashion a fly,
the dry fly should be so constructed as to
First: Fall in the correct position. Second:
Fall so gently on the skin of the water as not
to break through it. Third: Distribute
its weight so evenly on the skin as to be easily
borne up. Fourth: Prevent the skin from
creeping over it. As you know, but our
readers do not know, our flies fulfil these
indications. Let us look for a moment at
what has been done in this direction up to
date in fly construction.

“a

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+ Im the illustration the figures nen ene

1,2 and 3 are the common up-wing dry flies.

Number 3 is the reversed-wing form. Can

you imagine anything of value in its con-
‘struction? I cannot for my life see its value
and there is none. Numbers 1, 2 and3 are
those more or less consistently in use, as you
know, and they all have a tendency to fall
with the shank of the hook pointing sky-ward,
unless, perchance, there is just sufficient ten-

>

ot Pe ee ae Se
oe

sion at the end of the gut cast to keep them
horizontal. It is impossible to make a cast
that will fulfil this indication. The line of

_ descent being vertical it follows, as a natural
matter of course, that the wings of these flies
should be absolutely perpendicular to the
shank of the hook. While Number 1 is the
truest to Nature, Number 2 is the most
evenly balanced, when floating in its correct
position. In form Number 4 there is some
little ingenuity, the centre of gravity being
_ just beneath the wings; this means that the
tendency of the fly is to fall upright on the
surface of the water when floating; it is the
easiest to cock, too easy in fact for the least
pull sends it down through the elastic skin on
, the water, ‘‘head over heels.’”” Now look at
i Number 5. Notice that the wing and body
Ee are absolutely correct as to size and shape, also
__ that it is tied on our hook with the bent shank.
ee _ Notice also on this fly (our construction) that
- the larger portion of it toward the tail lies in

_ that part of the triangle I have drawn upon
f: it—intersected by the median line. What is
_ this for? So as to prevent the body above the
shank of the hook from over-balancing it.
It cannot help falling evenly on the water,

_ therefore it will not break through the elastic
_ skin on the surface, and with the cocking of
it, we have nothing to do—the bent shank
does it. Those who diligently and pains-
takingly peruse this ’script will notice how the
bend we have put into the shank of the hook
completely obliterates the most difficult pro-
blem in the construction of the artificial fly,

;

wis

thus oethsolae hr? the ai nian a real fap
scientific elaboration, practically the greate pare
height reached in the present day in fly Y
dressing. To our readers I will say this is but
a glimpse at this subject, which has a great
deal more to it than the average people sup-
pose.
Dear friend, allow me to thank you from
the bottom of my heart for your kindly wishes
for my prosperity in the present and in the

Iv Vv

years to come, and may it be to you the
happiest in all your life. There is peace and
pleasure in the Philosophy your letters in-
culate. What though the Roses die and
Summers fade, he recognizes not the chill of
Azrael’s warning touch who finds his solace
in the fact that he has a true and loyal friend,
and in the contemplations of the glorious
works of Nature, when the evening shadows
softly fall, he feels that he has pitched his
tent, ‘“‘a day’s march nearer home.” ;

“In a dream of June’s white roses,
In a chant of waters low;
In a glory of red maples,— 3
A hush of moonlight on the snow!
In the meaning of the sun-rise,
In the soul of summer rain,
In the heart of purple hazes,
We will not say good-bye again.”
Harry Gove.
Dated January 10th, 1917.

’Editor’s Note:-—Owing to the length of the
present department it has been decided to
leave the editor’s answer till the May Num-
ber. The findings contained in the series of:
letters now running are the most advanced
at the present day, and from a scientific view-
point are very valuable. The art of fly-
tying has fallen into such stagnation that it is
worth while lifting it out of the “slough of
ignorance” and in future letters Dr. Gove
and the editor of this department hope to give — =
publicity to their investigations. a

have been on the market for over
sixty years and are known from
Atlantic to Pacific for their uniform
excellent quality.

_ Ifyour grocer does not keep these
in his stock, write us direct.

Se
Made Under Covernment inspection.

F.W. Fearman Co.

Hamilton, Ontario

will appreciate a
supply of

BORDEN’S
Evaporated Milk

(Unsweetened)
“St. Charles’’,““Peerless’’or “Jersey”

It serves all the purposes of milk
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Sold in convenient size packages.
Send for our recipe book, ‘The
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Borden Milk Co., Limited

ce a les dl

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

| This isthe cate
that holds the coffee
you hear so much about

ie :
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es

In 14,2 and 2 pound cans.
Whole— ground—pulverized—
also Fine Ground for Percos
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“teeny A Readers are invited te contribute te this

Aas,

ed by correspon
ons te
Ww.

ent notes, comments and en-

The Publishers of Red and Gun Magazine Invite readers of the magazine to contri-
bute artieles and letters te Mr. Geikie’s department on matters pertaining to guns and
ammunition, but do not necessarily endorse the opinions expressed therein by these

sontributers.

RAMBLINGS OF A RIFLEMAN

LIEUT. TOWNSEND WHELEN

Aiming.
HE Winchester and Remington cata-
logues give illustrations showing how
to aim a rifle with open sights. The
Lyman catalogue shows how to do it when
using the aperature sight of the Lyman
pattern. Study these cuts until they are
firmly impressed on your retina. This is

important.

The thickness of the letter “‘1”’ 1n the print
in this article is about one-one hundred and
fiftieth of an inch. An error of this much

‘in aligning your sights will cause a deviation

in where your shot will strike of about 1

_ ‘right.

so on.
_cessity of careful aiming.

inch at 100 yards, 2 inches at 200 yards and
This will impress upon you the ne-
It also looks as
though aiming was a pretty difficult proposi-
t.on. It would be were it not for the fact
that the eve is capable of telling when a
thing looks right and when it does not.
That is, the retina of your eye has a mem-
ory, and having repeatedly seen the sights
look right, it can instantly tell when they
do not look as though they were aligned
The whole secret of aiming is to be
able to duplicate exactly each time the pic-
ture of the sights and object, all of them
aligned up just the same way. The eye, after

_training, is capabie of doing this within about

1-150th of an inch, which makes the error
of aim with non-magnifying sights’ about
1 inch per 100 yards.

Starting at the beginning we will take up
first target shooting. Here our object is.
black and white, and our sights must be black
in order that we may have a clearly defined
suhouette against the white target. If our
sights are all metal we can biacken them in
the smoke of a candle, camphor, or pitch
pine. If we havé an ivory bead front sight
we are out of luck for target shooting and
our error will be much more than 1 inch per
100 yards. Therefore smoke your sights
before you start to shoot at a target. Ifa
private in my company comes to the firing
point with his sights unblackened he goes
to the bottom of the list and has to wait
out and shoot after everyone else gets through.
Now you have a black front sight and a black
bullseye. If you try to aim right at the
center of the black bull with that front sight
the two black objects blend and to save your
life you cannot tell if you are aiming at the
center of the buli, at its top, side, or bottom.
Hence has grown the practice of aiming
below the bullseye in target shooting. This
is the proper method. One should aim just
below the bull. As you aim you see a little
of the white target between the top of your

1250]

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AND GUN IN CANAD.

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BRERERERBHREeBRPePeEeee oe
Peo.

For Every Kind

a wl

whether it be moose, bear, rabbits, ducks,
partridge—at the Traps or on the target

Shell or Cartridge for each purpose goes

[za]
fs)
range—the selection of the proper Shot EE]

a long way toward producing the best results.

Dominion

Shot Shells
and Metallics

are made in sizes that operate
perfectly in all popular makes
of shot guns and rifles. The
exact proportion of powder and
shot in Dominion loading gives the
Shooter Ammunition that hits hard and
stops what it hits. The big ‘‘D” trade
mark on a box of cartridges is your
guarantee of accurate, speedy, well
balanced, Canadian Ammunition.

Twice the price won’t buy better. Only
Ammunition made in Canada.

Dominion CartridgeCo.,

Limited uke ae
836 Transportation Building, 3
Montreal

Dominion
Hand Trap

This handy little contrivance |

should be part of the equip-
ment of every hunting party.
It throws a clay target as well
as the regulation trap and
a boy can operate it. It is
light, compact and may be
carried in a suit case. It will
turn dull hours into live ones
and help to improve your
me Send for circular. Price

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Sa as xg x - . ete _ —
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1252

front sight and the bottom of the bullseye
and always the same amount. Gradually
your eye memorizes the appearance of things
and comes to know if it is seeing too much
or too little white between sight and bull.
When you reach this stage, which you will
more quickly than you suppose, you will
be able to aim accurately and your scores
will begin to show it. Of course in target
shooting our sights must be given enough
elevation to make the shots strike above the
point where the front sight rests, enough
above to carry them into the center of the
bullseye.

In shooting at game we have a slightly
different proposition. Here we must use a
front sight which will show up clearly in
bad lights, and which will form the same
contrast against game that our black sight
did against the white target. Also the game
is not of two colors like the target, but all one
color, the bullseye being the most vital point
visible. The sight which works best under
these circumstances is one having a bead
composed of silver, dull gold, or ivory. But
silver glistens too much in the sunlight and
has been discarded by all good shots. Dull
gold and ivory can be seen well against almost
all game, and under almost all conditions.
Having no distinct bullseye at which to aim
our sight only has to form a contrast to the
whole object, and in this case we try to see
the top of the front sight just where we wish
our bullet to hit. Therefore our rifle is
given such elevation as will cause the bullet
to hit where the front sight is held. That
is the point of aim and the point of impact
co-incide. The point of aim is where the
front sight rests, and where the sights are

Bae aligned. The point of impact is where the

bullet hits, or, in the case of a number of
shots, the center of the group.

There is an exercise which will quickly
teach us to aim correctly. It is given to
every recruit when he first joins the Army.
Place a table on the porch or some other
place where a paper target can be placed
from 25 to 50 feet from it. Place the rifle
in some firm support so that the barrel is
about 8 inches above the surface of the table.
A sand bag placed on top of the table will
do, but better still is a wood box about a
foot long by 8 inches high, without any cover.
At either end cut notches in wh.ch the barrel
and forearm w.ll wedge securely. The ob-
ject is to have the rifle rest about eight inches
above the table, and be secure enough so
that a shght touch wull not disturb its aim.
Have the sights aimed at a plain white piece

end of the porch or room. Take a stick of & ay
wood about a foot long and on the end of
this paste a disk of paper about 2 inches in
diameter with a 1 inch black bullseye in
the middle of it. In the middie of this bulls-
eye have a small hole just large enough to
admit the end of a sharp lead pencil. Now
take a chair and sit down at the table. Place
your fist on the table and rest your chin in
your fist, so that when you do so your eye
will come in the line of sight of the rifle, and,
looking through the sights you see them
aligned on the sheet of paper. Take care
not to touch the rifle or shake the table so
that the line of sight will remain the same all
the time. Have an assistant stand alongside
the sheet of paper with the stick carrying the
white disc and builseye in his hand. He
places this disc against the sheet of paper
so that to you it appears as though it was a
bullseye on the white sheet. Now have him
move this bullseye to the right or left, or up
or down, until it comes in the line of sight
correctly and when you look through the
sights of the rifle it looks as though the mfle
was correctly sighted against the bullseye.

When the sights and bull look just right teil
the assistant to mark it. He then, without
moving the dis , inserts the point of his lead
pencil through the hole in the bullseye and
makes a dot on the white paper, and then
takes the disc off the sheet. Do this three
times or more taking care not to disturb the ~
rifle between trials. The dots on the paper
will then show you your error of aim. If,
at 25 feet there is but one dot, that is all
the trials you have managed to get the last
bullseye to exactly the same place each
time, you have sighted perfectly. At 50
feet a good shot will get all his dots within
at least an eighth of an inch, provided he
is using good sights and they have been well
blackened. You can experiment with this
too. Try using the regular platinum or
silver front sight in the sunlight and see the
errors that it causes. Try an unblackened
gold bead sight, and then try the same black-
ened, and see the difference. Increase the
distance to 100 yards and try a telescope
sight, and then a good non-magnifying sight
and see the difference there too. Practice
the simple exercise until you can aim con-
sistently and until your dots cover an area
no larger than that given above. Most
recruits learn to aim this way very quickly. —_
About 50 per cent. only require about half >
an hour of it to qualify. It is well for every-_

one who is not a good shot to try it to 3

- 4

Frit Pee Seeiieel S

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

os poletassenessnsnsesese eee

djemass itp inemaesssccassassass

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2

“‘The Ross Was the Whole Show’

Enclosing a photo of two bull Elk shot with his Ross
.280, Mr. Ralph Edmunds, of Idaho Falls, writes as
follows:

** |. . This last hunt, the Ross, (.280 High Velocity) was «+2=4
the whole show, although there were five other rifles along 77g
and they fired twenty shots to the Ross’ one, and yet out
of fourteen elk killed the Ross got eleven.

« . . . This gun does what I have read that other guns
would do, but they all failed in the test until I bought
this gun of yours. No more misses within shooting dis-
tance—no more long tramps after wounded animals. ...
when that Ross bullet struck them they crumpled up like 1G
sSA\%2 a house of cards... after it happened eleven times I —=
Poo Vier knew it was not by accident they were killed so dead. .. .” 4

We are receiving similar praise from all over the world
from satisfied users of the Ross .280 Sporting Rifles and
the Ross Sporting Ammunition with hollow point bullet.

Ross .22 Cadet Rifle, the official arm for Can-
adian Cadet Corps. Equipped with adjustable
peep sight, reliable ejector, and straight pull bolt

action. - - Illustrated catalogue on request.

For target practice or small game shooting use the A

Pa

Ross ale Co. A

owl =
lane

it
iets
Seecesace SHSECESESSE IS SSS Ss SSE ESS SE SSE Se eae SS eseseses SS

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_ the rifle is correctly sighted.

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1254.5 See ~ ROD AND C

if his trouble consists in an error in aiming.

Calling the Shot.

A rifle is correctly sighted for a given
distance when, at that distance it hits where
it is aimed. You cannot tell if a rifle is
correctly sighted or not until you know
whether it is hitting where it is aimed. If
the rifie is even a little unsteady you cannot
tell where it is aimed at the instant of dis-
charge until you have learned the knack of
catching in your eye the image of sights and
bullseye at the instant of discharge. This
catching the image of the sights and bul at
the instant of discharge is called ‘Calling
the shot,”’ and until you can do it you are
not a good shot, and you cannot improve.
As you try to hold steady your sights wabble
and drift over the target, when you are mak-
ing your supreme effort to hold steadiest you
squeeze off the last ounce on the trigger.
Just the instant before the recoil blots out
the view of the sights and target trv to catch
the point where the front sight rests on the
target. You can learn it in ten minutes.

Now it is perfectly evident to you, that
no matter how hard you are trying to hit
the bullseye, if you call your shot six inches
below the bull and a foot to the right the
shot should strike there if the rifle is cor-
rectly sighted. After you have had some
practice at calling the shot take the rifle
out and shoot half a dozen shots, calling each
one correctly. If, every time, the shot
strikes the target close to the point of call.
If the shot does
not do so, but invariably seems to strike a
certain distance and direction from the point
then the sights are not correctly
aligned.

Sighting in the Rifle.
The rifle is supposed to be sighted in at

Sethe factory, but this sighting will seldom

prove to be correct for its owner. It is very
seldom that any two men sight exactly alike,
or hold the rifle exactly alike. Different

lots of ammunition differ greatly in the sight-
ing required. Temperature, light, moisture,

etc., all have their influence on the sighting.

_ Or it may be that you have knocked off the
_ factory sights and substituted decent sights
adapted to your eyes and requirements.

Ai these things make it necessary 99 times

~ out of 100 for one to sight in his rifle for

himself.
Sighting in is easiest done when one has a

~ rest for the rifle, and is thus able to hold it

steady. You want your rifle sighted in so
that it is correct for offhand shooting, and

Fe Gee
eke ar
~ RL

it shoot high, and a “rifle rans in bd
ing it on a board will be found to shoot
when fired offhand. Instead, try the fol
lowing schéme of resting the rifle. Take aor
table and chair out to the range. On the © ee
table place a box about six inches high filled =
with sand, and on top of this box place a
blanket folded to about eight thicknesses.
Sit down so that you can aim over the table —
and box, resting both elbows firmly on the
table top, and resting the middle of the fore-
arm of the rifle on the blanket on top of the
box. Be careful to take such a position
that your rifle receives the recoil in just the
same way and direction as when shooting off-
hand. This position will be found very
steady and it will give the same results as
when shooting offhand.

Now you proceed to fire the rifle taking
extreme care to sight normally each time,
and not to disturb the aim by a poor trigger
pull. You have stuck up your target at
the required distance. You aim right under
the bullseye. If you are sighting the rifle
in for target shooting only you want to adjust
the sights so that when aiming thus your ~
bullets will strike the center of the builseye.
If, however, you are sighting in a hunting
rifle, you wish your point of aim and point
of impace to coincide, and therefore you
should adjust your sights to make the bullet
strike at the bottom of the bullseye.

Sight Adjustment.

This is a very simple matter once you have
got it in your head. If, on shooting your
rifle you find your shots striking low then
you must raise your rear sight or lower (file
down) your front sight. If your shots are
striking to the right you must move your -j
rear sight to the left, or your front sight to —
the right. In other words “Move your rear
sight the way you wish to move your point
of impact, or move your Jeon sight in the
opposite direction.” z

You find, after shooting several shots from
the rest, that your rifle is shooting about 6
inches high at 100 yards. How much do you
have to lower your rear sight? You can
easily figure it out this way. In 100 yards —
there are 3600 inches. The distance between
your sights is, say, 18 inches. (This dis-
tance between the front and rear sights is a
called the “Sight Radius”). Now 18 goes i
into 3600, 200 times. If you were to raise —
your rear sight 1 inch you would raise ae ew
point of impact on the target 200 inches.
In this case you want to lower el: po nt

ia
= 4

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

suvnatc REVOLVER

OR years I have carried insurance on my
F life and home and jollied myself into think-

ing that this was all the protection any hus-
band and father cou/d throw around his family.

*‘Last night a burglar broke into my neighbor’s
house. IF Reynolds had only had a revolver he—

**That was enough for me! No temporizing
with burglars in my home. I’m for rea/ protec-
tion. J’ll take this revolver I have in my hand,
Mr. Clerk.”’

Are you ready—when the time comes—to do
vour duty by your burglar? Will you master
him or will he master you? Will you give your
family protection that is one jot short of rea/,
full, complete protection?

Me hal) pie

“Tl take this

one

I’m going to give my family

real protection. No trifling
with burglars in my home.”

When you buy a revolver buy a good one.
The Iver Johnson is the safest small firearm
made. It is proof against accidental discharge.
You can ‘‘ Hammer the Hammer.’’

Hammer model with Regular grip $6.75. Hammer-
less model with Regular grip $7.50. Both moadels also
made with “Perfect”? Rubber or “ Western” Walnut
grip. Send for FreeArms Book—“‘A.” .

Iver Johnson Bicycles can’t be beat for speed, easy
riding, strength and long wearing qualities. Racing,
Cushion Frame, Truss Frame Roadsters and Mobicy-
cle models. $35 to $55. Juveniles, $20 to $25. Send for

THREE BOOKS FREE

Indicate which books you want: A—“‘Arms,” B=
** Bicycles,”” C—*‘ Motorcycles.”’

IVER JOHNSON’S
ARMS & CYCLE WORKS

157 River Street

Fitchburg, Mass.

99 Chambers Street, New York
717 Market Street, San Francisco

De ee oe ae

1255

Ww

Sp is aie eal

. 2 si ai voeree Ane

+2

1256: gage es

of impact 6 inches. 6 inches divided by
200 equals .03 inches or three-one hundredths
of an inch. Lower your rear sight three-
one hundredths of an inch. To find this
out by shooting would require much am-
munition and time. It also saves much filing
and knocking in and out of sights.

Now suppose this rifle that you are sight-
ing is a .30.30. You have sighted it in cor-
rectly for 100 yards. You want to know
where to set the sights for 200 yards. No
need to spend the time and ammunition to
sight it in all over again. Just figure it out
at your desk. Turn to the table of tra-
jectories in the Winchester catalogue, which
almost every rifleman has. This tells you
just when your rifle is sighted for 200 yards
the bullet flies 5.79 inches high at 100 yards,
practically 6 inches high. All we have to
do is to set our sights, using the above method
of figuring, so that the bullet will strike 6
inches higher at 100 yards, and we are cor-
rectly sighted for 200 yards. In other words
our sight must be raised .C3 inches above
the 100 yard elevation.

Recently we have taken advantage of this
rule of proportion between sight radius and
range to work out the greatest improvement
in rifle sights that has ever been made. In
almost all of our American rifles, if the rifle
be equipped with Lyman or similar sights on
the tang or on the receiver ofgbolt action

LYMAN MICROMETER RECEIVER SIGHT
FOR THE NEW SPRINGFIELD

rifles, the sight radius will be about 30 inches.
30 inches into 100 yards (3600 inches) goes
120 times. If we make the graduations on

aed eis ei a P ~ ee oie" mT TRY START —_
- ROD AND GUN IN C DA
Vie SS Ss ie 3 a

“

* point of impact just one inch at 100 yards

wa

asa! wre,
‘< i ahatt ie ne

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we

SOP. Sak be ge aslaatink « Ss
an adjustment of one graduation moves th

2 inches at 200 yards, 5 inches at 500 yard _
and so on. This adjustment of 1 ine pe oF
100 yards is called a minute of angle, because
1 inch at 100 yards subtends an angle measur-
ing just one minute at the front sight. In
order to be able to make an adjustment as —
small as 1-120th of an inch on the rear sight
it is necessary that the scale be arranged
in the form of a micrometer. There is no-
thing complicated about a micrometer. It
is simply a graduated screw, and it can be
made as strong as desired, and there is no-
thing about it that can possibly get out of
order. This screw has two scales on it, one
around the head and one along the stem.
If the screw has 12 threads to the inch then
we place 12 graduations to 1 inch of its length,
and we place 10 graduations around the head.
Revolve the screw completely around and d
it is screwed up or down just 1-12th of an
inch. Revolve the screw around only 1-10th —
of a turn (measuring by the scale on the ©
head) and we screw it up or down 1-120th of —
an inch, or one minute. This is the theory

of the new sights having micrometer adjust- _
ments. Suppose that with one of these
modern sights we find that our rifle is shoot-
ing 6 inches high at 100 yards. Simply —

screw the rear sight down 6 minutes and
there you are. Simplest thing in the world. —
Turn to your Winchester trajectory tables —
and proceed to instantly turn your sight ©
to the correct adjustment for every range
without firing a shot! This improvement
is such that no other sights merit any con-

sideration whatever these days. The only —
sights at present on the market having these
micrometer adjustments reading to minutes —
or angle are The Lyman No. 48 Micrometer —
Windgauge Receiver Sight for the Spring-
field rifle, and the Lyman No. 103 Micro- |
meter Windgauge Combination Rear Sight —
just placed on the market. The No. 48 is ©
intended only for the Springfield but a gun-
smith can so modify its base that it can —
be used on practically all our repeating rifles, —
screwing it on the right side of the receiver. —

The No. 103 sight is an improvement on
the old Lyman combination tang sight and
screws on the tang of the rifle. It was or- ~
iginally intended for the Winchester and
Stevens Ideal single shot rifles so much used
in the indoor gallery league, but it is also
suitable for the Winchester Model 1894 rifle
and perhaps for a number of other models.

7.

At this end of the shell
is the name of the pow-
der. Ask for and look for

INFALLIBLE

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

HERCULES

Smokeless Shotgun

Know Your
Shotgun Shells

OU can’t know too much about the

shells you shoot. ‘The information

you should have is easy to obtain for
it is told on the shell itself. The two
ends give the story.

On the base you will of course find the
name of the maker and the loader of the
shell, and the gauge. At the other end,
on the top wad, are printed the size and
quantity of shot, the quantity of powderand,
last but not least— the name of the powder.

Hercules Infallible Smokeless Shot-
gun Powder may be obtained in any
standard make of shell. Undoubt-
edly the name of the maker of your
favorite shell is given in the column
to the right.

The next time you order shotgun shells it
will pay ee to see that they are loaded
with Infallible Powder. _ By so doing you
will obtain a powder of the highest quality
and of uniform. quality 4 powder that
gives unusually light recoil, high velocity,
and even patterns. You will find the name
of the powder stenciled on the outside of
the box, as well as on the top wad.

For a booklet on ammunition, of interest
to any sportsman, address

HERCULES POWDER CO.
/ == 1087 Market Street

Wilmington eo Delaware

On this end is the name
of the maker. Hercules
Smokeless Shotgun
Powders may be ob-
tained in shells made by
the following:
PETERS
REMINGTON
SELBY
CAS:
WESTERN

WINCHESTER

hans has core i ee Bek und, sb
GUL

’ bee a ie hy laeh ph :.
16 ~ ROD ANE
100 yards) as they were made this way to
accommodate the gallery shots who wanted
a sight that would give positive changes to
1-8th inch’ at 25 yards. The Lyman Gun
Sight Corporation publish special circulars
describing these sights.

These positive and accurate adjustments
for both elevation and windage are much
-more important than the novice and many

NO. 103 LYMAN MICROMETER SIGHT,
FRONT VIEW.

older riflemen imagine. There is a deal
of satisfaction in knowing that one’s rifle is so
accurately sighted that with a proper rest he
can be absolutely sure of hitting within about
1% inches of the exact spot that he aims at
at 100 yards (just abeut the limit of accuracy
with modern rifles). To be able to do this
your rifle must be absolutely correctly sight-
ed. The chances are 100 to 1 that your rifle
will never be correctly sighted unless you
have sights with accurate adjustments. Sup-
pose you purchase in Toronto (we will say)
some .32 Special cartridges of Winchester
make, and sight your rifle in with these cor-
rectly for 100 yards. You may think your
sight troubles are over, but they never are.
Next time you come to purchase ammuni-
tion you are way up in Edmonton and you
still stick to the same make. But you find
that the lot you got up there shoot 2 inches
lower and two inches to the right at 100
yards with your old sighting. Adjustment
of sights are in order. Will you elevate
your sight 2 minutes and move the wind-
gauge 2 minutes to the left, or will you get
a hammer and a piece of brass and proceed
to knock over the base of your rear sight

Mey:

until it shoots in line. This takes ch 7

time and shooting, chances are the firs
time you knock it over too much and have
to drive back. A little of this so loosens
the sight up in the slot in the barrel that
you have to take it entirely off and shim it
up with paper, then you have to sight it
in all over again. Next you assay the eleva-
tion. You don’t want to file down the
front because it is a bead. So you decide
to file down the second step on the little
elevating bar of your rear open sight, and
you get it filed down too much and have
to start on the third bar. That second
bar used to be good for 200 yards, but now
what in the deuce shall you use for 200 yards?
Meantime you are shooting away ammuni-
tion at 4 cents per shot. With the new
Lyman sights it~requires but one correctly
called shot to sight in your rifle, and those
micrometer sights will pay for themselves
many times over-in the ammunition and
time saved in sighting in. Please understand
also another thing. It happens that these
two sights are absolutely the strongest and
simplest sights on the market, are the best
adopted to stand the rough and tumble of
the real wilderness. They cost only about
twice what the ordinary sight does.

After a while we will come to the subject of
reduced loads in high power ammunition.
Remember that in choosing a sight a reduced
load almost always requires a different lateral —

LYMAN MICROMETER TANG SIGHT NO, 103,
SIDE VIEW.

adjustment from the fuli charge, thus exem-
plifying again the need of a windgauge on
the sight.

In connection with sighting remenbe i
that the direction of the sun makes a little —

TTT

GURENESS is mever so necessary,
dependability never so important
as when a pistol comes into play. ae

It means a sense of security, a
feeling of confidence—and the Savage
Automatic Pistol aims as easy as point-
ing the finger.

“ Talk to the Savage dealer in your
As easy as vicinity or send to us for information.

pointing your finger’ Savage Arms Company

931 Savage Avenue
Utica New York

Makers of the famous Lewis Machine Gun and of
Military, high-power and small caliber sporting rifles.

DEDEEEEAT EEA TE GLEE ER EREREEES ECE EE EERE EA DEER DECEER ER UATE TEGEEAEEGEEREDEGEREREEOREREREDESSEEREREROSESERCGE ET GEOL EL ELOREEOUCUEREORE ERD

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Ask Your Dealer To Show You The New

PARKER SINGLE BARREL TRAP GUN

Splendid in construction and workmanship.
Built by the makers of the Old Reliable Parker Gun.

PARKER BROS., Meriden, Conn., U.S.A.

Sales Rooms, 32 Warren St., New York City. - Write for free catalogue.

Resident Agent, A. W. duBray, P.O. Box 102, San Francisco, Cal.

SMT SS Bid Kea alr i
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1260 ROD AND GUN IN ae

difference in the sighting. Suppose you are
shooting at 100 yards with the sun under a
cloud. It is early morning and you are
shooting to the north. The sun comes out
from under the cloud and shines strongly
om the left side of your front sight. If this
front sight is an all steel military front which
you have well blackened in camphor smoke
your rifle will now shoot about an inch to
the right, that is away from the sun. With
other sights it shoots a little more, consider-
ably more with silver or gold bead sights
with the bead tapering toward the shooter.
The bead should not taper toward the rear
but should present an almost flat surface
toward the shooter. It is well to look for
this in buying a front sight. Similarly the
sun directly overhead will cause the rifle
to shoot a little low.

The subject of sighting is so important that
I have decided to state my own preference
in the matter of sights. For a-rifle used
entirely for hunting I use a Lyman ivory
bead front sight with small size bead. If
intended for both hunting and target shoot-
ing I use the Lyman gold bead sight. For
a rear sight I always use the Lyman No.

THE NEWTON .256 RIFLE

Cuas. ASKINS

got the Newton .256 rifle in November
I 1915, meaning to use it in South Texas

ona deer hunt. However, a threatened
attack of pneumonia kept me out of the
mesquite brush, after I got down into Texas,
until the last day of the deer season, so I never
took the rifle out of its box. I, therefore, do
not know anything about the killing qualities
of the gun from personal experience.

I doubt if either my readers or myself have
lost much from my unfortunate experience
or lack of experience. In these days of very
limited bags of large game, the personal ex-
perience of few hunters in killing game can
be taken as a criterion by which to judge the
performance of a rifle. A hunter might go
through season after season, killing his game
cleanly with a very inferior rifle, and of course
he would solemnly assert that the rifle was
IT. The next half a dozen men, basing con-
clusions on their experience, would probably
quite controvert the evidence of the first man.
The East African hunter who might in a
season kill two or three hundred head of game
from elephants to did-diks could tell us some-
thing definite about the killing performance
of a rifle and cartridge, but he who kills a
couple of deer may know something about his
rifle afterward that he didn’t before and he
may not.

- either in the early morning or late in the ©

_of any cartridge in use—all of which I an

«
ow? ¥
AL

103 if possible, or if the rifle will not ;
of this, then the No. 48. A tang sight can —
be seen well in poorer lights than a receiver
sight, and as most shots at game are had —

par,

afternoon this is a considerable item in a
hunting sight. The middle (or old rear
sight on the barrel) I always used to knock
off, but lately I have come to consider a fold-
ing leaf sight here of considerable advantage ~
at night or in the gloaming when the other
sights cannot be seen. The ordinary open >
sight cannot be seen in poor lights as easily
as the Lyman on the tang, but a leaf sight
having an Ivory triangle on it can be seen —
if there is any light at all well enough to
enable one to hit big game at 50 yards. The
best for this purpose is the King Adjustable —
Leaf Sight No. 6 with flat top. It is adjust-
able for elevation and has an ivory triangle ~
and a good “U,” and when it is folded down ~
it does not interfere with the use of the Ly-—
man sights. By pressing a button the Ly-
man No. 48 sight can be taken completely
off the rifle when using the leaf sight, an
advantage found in no_ other receiver
sight.

In the light of what we have learned of the
Springfield, the Ross, and the Savage .250,
rifles of similar class, we can about take it for
granted that the Newton, with power superior
to that of the Springfield and velocity eq
to the Ross, is going to do damage when it
hits. We can also take it for granted without
question that a twenty-five caliber rifle, shoot-
ing a 125-grain bullet, with an initial velocity

S,

of 3,100 feet is going to have both flat tra-
jectory and long range—couldn’t be any other
way. I have, for this reason, not shot this
gun to prove either its trajectory or its range
being willing to take the manufacturer’s
figures for these. I understand the Newton
Arms Company claim for this .256 cartridge
the flattest trajectory and the longest range

prepared to admit without debate, or anyhow
I am not going to debate.

I was also prepared to admit from the be
ginning that if the rifle shot accurately at tw
hundred yards, keeping in mind its velocity
and the nature of the missile, it would mai
tain this accuracy up to very long range
This being a fixed conclusion with me, I hav
confined myself to testing the accuracy al
reliability of the gun at two hundred ya
and under. ;

| The Gun That THE L, C. SMITH
Never Shoots TRAP GUN

Loose
With 2 Triggers - - ~ - $56.50
American Made by American With Automatic Ejector - - - - $67.50
Workmen. With Automatic Ejectorand Hunter One Trigger $87.50

We Make Guns From $25.00 to $1000.00.

ASK FOR OUR ART CATALOG

The Hunter Arms Co., Inc. 29 Hubbard St. Fulton, N. Y.

YOU ENJOY A GOOD MEAL

Well, who doesn’t? When you come to
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brings you to

The Walker House

Toronto’s Famous Hotel
Geo. Wright & Co., Proprietors

7 oe ee ee ee ee
“

9 ee

]

1262 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

My rifle, by the way, is not the new Newton
but the Newton-Springfield, a Springfield with
a Newton .256 barrel. This should be kept
in mind by those who think that the work of
a rifle depends as much upon its action as upon
its barrel. I am willing to admit this in a
general way, but maintain that accuracy is
the combined result of barrel and cartridge.
Whether this .256 barrel was attached to the
Newton action, the Springfield action, or a
single shot action, I conclude that accuracy
would have varied very little—so long as the
barrel was rigidly attached to frame—not a
take-down in any instance. Let me say here
that I am not condemning the take-down, the

ain as a rule being rather greater than the
ee but there is some loss in reliable accuracy.

I have Rad my gun about eight months,
and during that time have fired from it some-
thing over a thousand rounds, three hundred
factory cartridges and the remainder hand-
loaded by myself. Of the work of the factory
I can’t say much; I fired them off in general
practice, some at small game, some at vermin,
many off-hand, or in different positions, but
none with a reliable rest, except a few which
I shall mention later.

To begin with I had no rest—had nothing
but the gun and the cartridges, not even a
sling-strap. Now I wouldn’t fool much with
this sort of a gun without a sling, so presently
Ifgot one. My sights were the cussed Spring-
field abominations—I never will forgive that
infernal Army battle-sight. I filed the devil
out of it trying to get it down to point-blank,
but never could get it to shoot low enough,
and it was always up and ready just when I
wanted to take a quick shot and didn’t have
time to turn up the sight which might really
have directed the bullet where I wanted it.
I never did do anything worth while with the
rifle until I procured a Lyman Receiver sight
with micometer adjustments for windage and
elevation. When I had mounted the Lyman
which was not until the rifle had been in my
hands about three months, and had reamed
out the peep disk a trifle, it being too fine for
me, I was ready for business so far as the rear
sight was concerned. By the way, I have
never yet used the elevation, the sight still
being down to the lowest point to which it
can be turned, but I do use the windage some-
times.

I still had my troubles with the front sight—
unexpected troubles. I didn’t have any sight
cover at the beginning, and soon found that
on an open range with the sun sometimes
shining and sometimes not, I couldn’t main-
tain any evenness of elevation. I remedied
this by splitting a three inch sixteen gauge
empty shotgun shell and fixing it as a tube
over the front sight. Blackening the bead by
soaking it, I found that I now had in effect
a good pinhead front sight. Here is where
the unexpected comes in.

My rest built, and I will describe that rest
later, I still had remaining two boxes of
factory cartridges which I meant to use in
testing the gun for accuracy. The light was
good but I had four inches of windage on.
The first ten shots showed eight in a four inch
ring, two going out into the wind, enlarging
group to seven inches. The next group of ten
shots showed nine in a five inch, one going out

oe ye
tae * ” Y
into the wind, enlarging group to 714 inches. —
The shooting was at two Fanta ards. Of |
course I wasn’t satisfied with this work —
though the rifle looked to have possibilities —
for very fine grouping. Understand, I shot —
simply for groups, which has been the case —
all the way through. It will also be under- —
stood that a three inch group is not equal to —
a score played into a three inch ring in the ~
center of the bull, but ten shot groups are a —
fair measure of the accuracy of a rifle barrel. —

Let me get this matter of groups centering
the black off my mind right aot A marks- ©
man might play ten shots in a six inch circle —
at two hundred yards, barely staying inside
the circle, and yet the group might measure ©
but three or four inches between anng
shots, group boy perhaps to one side o
center. Now thefault of not centering the
target would not be due to fault of rifle but —
to the fact that the sights were not set to hit ©
the center, perhaps owing to conditions of 4
light or wind. The rifle barrel should not —
be penalized for inaccuracy due to sights, and —
hence, in fairness the quality of the barrel —
should be judged by its grouping. On the ~
other hand, a rifle which stays in a four inch —
ring in the center of the target is putting up a ~
finer performance than one which makes a four —
inch group, because, in order to stay in the —
center, the marksman will probably have to
adjust his sights a trifle or hold for it, where
he finds the center of impact varies from the —
center of the target. This adjustment of
sights or variation in holding would naturally —
enlarge the group, and if despite the handicap ~
of sight adjustment, the rifle stays in a four —
inch, it must be capable of groups consider-—
ably finer. 2

Having still twenty factory cartridges left, —
I waited for just the right kind of a day before
trying them. The first two shots went a
trifle to the left so I ran the windage over to
center black and went at it for a ten shot
group. That cantankerous rifle just kept
working its bullets over to the left in spite
of hell and high water. Pretty soon I had a
queer group, about two and a half inches in
vertical variation by ten inches in windage. —
I damned the wind (which was not blowing)
the light, and finally the rifle, for I had 8
inches of three o’clock windage on and the —
bullets were still going farther and farther —
out at nine o’clock. I quit with six factory
cartridges left, which I still have.

On the way back to the house, I happened
to glance at the front sight of my rifle. Those
acquainted with the Springfield will know
how the bead is fastened to its base. The
binding screw had worked loose and the bead
stood about an eighth of an inch off center.
Things turned blue around there for a while.
I’d had trouble with that screw~before, but
just at the time it was the last thing I though
of. I rusted it in, screwed it in until the head
was twisted off, hammered it some more, and
that screw is there to this day and wil] he
until it is drilled out. My sight troubles were
ended now, but so were my factory shells. |
don’t know to this day how fine a group |
might have obtained with Newton Arms
company factory shells. My belief is tha
the factory ammunition is very accurate, bi

(Ae AR

il sult HE

UNDER WINTER SKIES THESCLAY TARGET FLIES.

Learn how to handle a gun. Take a “crack”? at the
clays. Get your share of the sport Alluring. Add health
to pleasure and accuracy to recreation. Develop your
bump of concentration.

Trapshooting

is a bully sport for both man ‘and woman and ‘tends
toward self development. A few hours at the traps will
not only clear your mind of care and worry but will send
you back to the battle of business with clearer vision and
more ‘‘pep”’.

[Go Out to the Gun Club Today

—get a taste of this truly American Sport. Learn its fascination
and the good fellowship that prevails among “‘gunbugs’”’ then
you'll know why hundreds of thousands of people are “‘dyed-
in-the-wool’”’ enthusiasts.

Send today for our booklet ‘‘The Sport Alluring’
and ask for the name of your nearest fgun club.

E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Company
WILMINGTON, DELAWARE, U.S.A.

TE Ol PONT FOTTUUUTAAUTEQHVOQUTLGATAAGDUNETUEOADNUU UDF

1264

knowing the circumstances, the reader can
take this conclusion as he wishes.

What did I do with the factory shells pre-
viously shot? Just had fun with them. I
killed a crow at 245 yards and with a second
shot got another at 286 yards. I killed a run-
ning jack rabbit with the fifth shot at 204
yards; shot the hind-leg off another with the
first shot and finished him with the fourth
cartridge at about a hundred yards; made a
double on jacks that sprung close to me,
emptying the magazine to get the second
one. Killed a prairie dog at three hundred
yards, shooting from a sitting position. All
these were merely fluke shots, of course, and
I am ee. of them me to indicate where
the three hundred partridges went. Never
could get a shot even at anything so large as a
coyote.

My rest was after a model I had designed
some years ago when trying out big Scheutzen
rifles. It consists of a box shaped somewhat
like a section of a coffin, sitting flat on the
ground. The back is high, coming well up on
the shoulders; in width it is just wide enough
to wedge into comfortably; the side-boards
are leaned outward at an angle of twenty de-
grees, and the back leans at the same angle.
The baseboard is short enough so that when
the marksman is in a aeons position the feet
extend in front of this board and dig into the
ground. Across the front extends a board
that leans inward at a slight angle,this to brace
against the legs between knee and ankle. At
either side of the box, extending outward are
side pieces made of boards about eight inches
wide, padded. The elbows rest on these.
Attached to the left front corner of the rest,
at the top, is a box six inches high and fifteen
long, open at the top—this box holds a cotton
filled pad on which the muzzle of the rifle is
rested. At each of the four corners of the rest
a two by six cross piece projects outward
about two feet and is there nailed to posts
which are driven into the ground. The two
by six crosspieces which project to the sides at
front and rear corners, extend entirely across
the rest and help to make it rigid. The
rigidity is completed by the posts driven into
the ground. This rest may not equal Lieut-
enant Whelan’s made of concrete, but it works
very nicely with rifles that haven’t too much
recoil.

At work, the rifleman sits fairly erect,
merely leaning back enough to fit the angle of
the back. His legs, braced in front, come in
snug contact with the sides which lean out-
ward at just the angle to be comfortable.
The sling-strap runs under the left leg below
the knee, tying the muzzle down as the hands
raise the butt to shoulder. No effort is made
now to grip the piece tightly, to hold it down
or to raise it up. The sling in the nature of
things pulls the arm firmly down into the
hands, and their upward pressure keeps the
sling taut and the muzzle motionless. The
shooter breathes naturally, neither his breath-
ing nor his heart action affecting the gun. The
rest can’t move, the body can’t move, the
gun can’t move—neither can it jump much
with the recoil, and the fineness of the aim is
limited only by the vision of the shooter and
the character of the sights. The gun, this
gunjanyhow, shoots on pretty much the same

aa Vike te)! “oe ee

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

elevation that it would if shot off-hand. _
I find that so far as I am concerned
sonally I have no business to shoot in any sort —
of prone position, this because of eye strain, —
Sitting up, however, as is done with this ‘
no strain of my eyes is perceptible to me
I fire shot after shot with great ease. Beca
of the tied down muzzle, recoil is a negligible
factor. As to the capabilities of my vision
with the sights used, I find that I can shoot
into a five inch pretty regulary If the
group is larger than a six inch, I suspect that —
the load is not behaving or else that light or
wind is playing hob. Groups finer than a five
inch can be attributed to luck or to extra-
ordinarly good light conditions with no wind.
If a gun were capable of playing every shot
into a 2 inch ring at two bendred yards, I
couldn’t aim it well enough to do the weapon -
justice. I trust my readers have waded
through this explanation and description
since it will help to make results more clear.
About this time I got my first sup of
bullets, 200 U.M.C. Spitzer poin one
hundred-grain bullets. The only powder
I had at the time was Du Pont Number _
which I had been using in the Savage .250.
I had already procured an Ideal Unive
Powder measure and Ideal — 0
number 10. Let me say here, since I may
not mention it again, that the Ideal reloading
tool has worked to my complete satisfaction—
can’t ask for anything better. The Universa
powder measure I find surprisingly accurate—
usually it throws charges within less than a
quarter of a grain of what is called for. In
loading ten shells yesterday, testing the
charge thrown with a fine scale, two of the
charges balanced to a hair and the others were
not over a tenth of a grain off. Much de
pends on handling the measure correctly, 1
permitting the amount of powder in it to vary
much, and making every movement in mani
pulating it with the greatest uniformity.
However, it will not do to take the figures
as to comparative weights of black and nitro
powders for granted. Test ev new lot of
powder or number of powder by scale, for
there may be a variation from Ideal
as much as two grains. When you have a
ready reached a limit of pressure, two grains
too much will make a difference, take that
from me. When you get up around 55,000 °
to 60,000 pounds of pressure weigh your poy
der, but with ordinary charges, for huntin
purposes, I wouldn’t bother with a scale fi

sat

every load.
Of course something had to go wrong W
my first hand-loads. I had four boxes ¢

bullets and they all looked alike. I load
ten shells with twenty grains of Du Pont N
21 and the 100 grain bullet, tacked up a pi
of paper and cracked away off-hand at twen
yards. The first bullet or two landed arou.
the bull somewhere, but before I had fired tem

shots they were tumbling, key-holing, turnit

completely over. It was perfectly evi
that the bullets were not taking the riflin
at all, but why they did not was anoth
estion. I had previously tried Ideal ga
check bullets in the gun, merely as an ex
periment, knowing that they were too smal
since they were made for the .250 Savage, yet
they took the rifling and shot with fair ac-
‘,

a

- on i
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; BELLEVILLE - CANADA 10

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The 1917 Ford Touring Car
$495

f. o. b. Ford, Ont.

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= Ford for endurance and all-
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Seilihesturers to
MIS MAJESTY
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Hardy’s The Great British Specialists
In Gatto Reed. “sa Bamboo F eae Rods

THE “DE LUXE” ROD, made of Steel-hard ‘““PALAKONA” is eas. s latest
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forget that as wages in Great Britain are 75% lessthan in America we can
give greater value in high class hand work. All our rods are hand made by experts
whose lives have been spent at this work, for which 50 GOLD MEDALS have
been awarded. Length 9-ft., Ween! 5 ozs.; 9-ft. 6-ins., weight 534 ozs.; 10-ft.,

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Rod, with one top only, $18.37; wi

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two tops, $22.04. If in Bamboo protector

case to carry THE WHOLE ROD, $2.44 extra.

YHE eat es Ft
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_ Bros.of Alnwick we
supremacy
as

DRY FLIES—As made by us for the late F. M. Halford,
Esq., for whom we also made rods, etc., 60 cents per dos.

GUT CASTS—tThe Anglo-American tapered mist color
No. 1 medium, No. 2 fine, as made for Mr. Halford.

Stout to 4X Ditto, Ditto to 3X, Stout Lake to fine, Ditto to
medium, Ex-stout to MED IUM, Ex-stout to stout, 6 ft.
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H ardy Selo Manuinctors Alnwick, England |

»

¥ 7. - Puts :
1266 ROD AND Gl
curacy at fifty yards. What occurred to me
was that the gas-checks upset and so took the

rifling anyhow, while the full metal-patched
missiles would not upset without a heavy
charge of powder behind them. At that,
though the scheme was later suggested by
Mr. Newton, I didn’t prepsp to put a heavy
powder charge behind any such missiles—
didn’t care to risk having those bullets go
tearing across the lands of my rifle at high
velocity. I quit and wrote the Newton Arms
Company.

i» Their reply informed me that a shipment
of bullets from the U.M.C. Company, some
.256 and some .250 had become mixed. The
bullets I returned to them for measurement
out of the box I had been.using, proved to be
.25 caliber, not .256, and the others of my lot
might be all .250 caliber or some of them
might be .256. ‘Not to delay me whichever
proved to oe the case, they were forwarding
some more bullets. Meantime, by trying
them through the bullet sizer of my reloading
tool, I discovered for myself that I had two
different sizes ot bullets, one hundred of each
kind. I loaded a few shells with the larger
bullets, getting good results.

While the correspondence entailed by the
failure of the bullets to fit was in progress, my
Du Pont powders came after having been six
weeks on the road. I got two pounds of
Number 80, two pounds of Number 18, two
pounds of Number 15, and already had a
couple of pounds of Number 21. By some
hocus-pocus cf Government or other author-
ity, the powder had to come by freight, the
six pounds billed at a hundred pound rate.
Just recently I got three pounds o: Number
16 powder, billed freight at the hundred pound
rate, of course, charges for freight, $3.46. I:
this shrpping nitro powder by freight is the
result of an order irom The Interstate Com-
merce Commission that body certainly has a
pretty way of working hand and glove with
the War Department in its desire to encourage
individual riflemen. Nutro powders won't
explode unless confined, and should come by
parcel post.

Many riflemen when hunting large game
have occasion to use their weapon on small
game as well. Since there were no supple-
mental or auxiliary contrivances for the .256,
I planned a reduced charge which would do
for such work. I now had the powder I
needed for the purpose in the Number 80.
Finding that 12 grains weight of the powder
was used in the Winchester .32-20 H. V., I
decided that 15 grains would develop at least
1600 feet in my gun, notwithstanding the
large air space, so loaded some shells with
this charge.

Putting up an eight-inch square of paper at
twenty-five yards with an inch and a half
bull in the centre, I got into the rest and cut
loose. There was a light, sharp crack and no
recoil. After five shots I went up to inspect
the target. There were no bullets in it. I
found the bullets a bit to the right and beneath
the paper, all cutting into one hole, not one
would have missed a quarter inch ring.
Shifting the bull to get onto the paper I cut
a horizontal line with the next five, a line
about half an inch long, every bullet spaced
and about even in elevation. I had hardly

~ |

expected to shoot into better than an inch
and the thing rattled me so much that
next five shot string was the worst, but_
bullets still cut well into a half inch. T
score is shown in target No. 2. The fo

Be As PE ~ 2
PER ato Ba a

No. 2. .256—15 gr., No. 80—100 gr. B. Powder. 50 yds

string again cut all the five shots into one hole ~
and is shown in target No. 1. The first five —
shots and the last five were as good as I ever
did at the distance, even with fine Pope rifle
and telescope sight. x 3
I now placed the target at fifty yards, using
a three inch bull, shooting two strings. ne

No. 3.

No. 4.

.256—15—100 at 50 yds.

shots again dropped under the paper and were —
caught on a bit of cardboard beneath. The |
ten shots are shown on the two targets, 3 and —

4. All shots would have hit a dime. This

— cl a A, i

Pack Up Four Troubles in
Your Old Kit Bag and

Victrola XVI $255

Mahogany or Oak. = Cir-
cassian Walnut $330

The instrument by which
all musical instruments
are judged.

Other Victrolas $21 to $400
(on easy payments, if de-
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Voice” dealers.’ Write for
free copy of our 450-page
Musical Encyclopedia list-
ing over 6000 Victor
Records.

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VICTOR RECORD 18222

Get Ready to go Fishing—Forget Business and
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Pack your Victrola and take sufficient Victor Rec-
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infthe evenings.

A Few Suggestions

10-INCH DOUBLE SIDED VICTOR RECORDS
90C. FOR THE TWO SELECTIONS

Rolling? Stones
(All Come*Rolling Home Again) Henry Burr
Don’t Write Me Letters Campbell-Burr

If You Ever Get Lonely American Quartet
What Do You Want to Make Those Eyes
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12-INCH DOUBLE-SIDED VICTOR RECORDS

How’s Every Little Thing in Dixie?

American Quartet
In The Days of Old Black Joe

Peerless Quartet

An Idle Woman’s Busy Day Marie Cahill \55081
Dallas Blues S Marie Cahill
So Long Letty—Medley Fox Trot

Victor Military Band 35612
Pass Around the Apples Once Again— as

Medley One-Step Victor Military Band

TWO CHARMING?RED=SEAL RECORDS;
The Cottage Maid 64493
Three Fishers 74458

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TRADE MARK

M TAY, ALN et ac, F
pte OCT
¢

i aid ‘ate : er ae o Cy
work was a great revelation to me as to the |

powders. _
owder
charges.

uniformity of modern nitro
hadn’t an inkling of a notion that an
was capable of such work in reduce

This ended my work at ranges under a hund- ©

red yards. I never expect to find a better
charge for small game than this .256-15-100,
using Number 80 powder.

On the next favorable day I tried this
charge at one hundred yards, getting a couple
of two inch groups, one of which is shown in
Number 5. It is a great pleasure to shoot

No. 5. The .256 at 100 yards. No. 80

Load: 15'°grs.
Powder and 100-gr. bullet.

this charge at a target. IcanFfonly calculate
the velocity, in the absence of figures from
the Du Pont Company, but it must be in the
neighborhood of sixteen hundred feet. That
cartridge would clip a turkey’s head shot
ata hundred yards, but it wouldn’t do to
shoot at him with the one hundred yard sight
up as set for the full-charge. Some allowance
must be made in windage and a plenty in
elevation.

The next thing on the program was to find
a mid-range charge, one that would do for
deer where you didn’t care to shoot the beast
half in two—also a charge for turkeys, geese,
coyotes, woodchucks and etc. This cart-
ridge, I decided, must have a velocity not
under that of the Springfield, and an accuracy
second to none.

The Du Pont Number 21 powder is a great
favorite of mine since I have never failed to
get good work from it either in full charge
or reduced, even with Ideal gas-check bullets
it works finely in the Savage. I was a little
bit cautious though about trying a full charge
or anything which might be termed a full
charge, with a bullet weighing as much as 100
grains. I had been told that the powder was
too quick for a heavy bullet, and so it would
undoubtedly prove to be with a ball heavier
than 100 grains.

Beginning with 27 grains I worked up a
grain at a time until I had a charge of 33 grains
weight of the powder. My bullet remember,
was the 100 grain full metal patched. With
the 33 grain load I quickly got several scores
at one hundred yards of right about two
inches, measured from outlying shots. One
of these groups is shown in target 6. Other
targets that I have are about as good. The

co

No. 6. Ten shots at 100 yards, .256—33—100, using -
the No. 21 Powder and full jacketed bullet. r

A favorable day came for two hundred yard —
work, no wind and a sky overcast with clouds,
clouds not low or dense. I put up a ten inch
bull at the distance, finding the center of
impact a couple of inches under the black
when the sights were set so that the factory
charge would shoot a little above the center
of the bull. I fired a few shots, found they ~
were going right and then started a ten shot
group. The first five were closely grouped, —
but the next five showed one shot some two
inches above the group. I felt pretty badly —
about that one shot for it had spoiled the
best group that I ever made at two hundred
yards. I went back to the rest and fired one
more shot just to see if it wouldn’t go into the -
group, which it did. The group is shown in —
target 7. It measures 3% inches across with

.256, 33—100 (using same powder as in ta
No. 6.) Eleven shots at 200 yards. ~

No. 7.

a variation in elevation of about two in

It is not to be forgotten, though, that
other shot would have enlarged the group
about five inches. This finished my w
with the mid-range charge and I hav
tried it since. I see no reason why fine
should not be secured from it at any
under favorable weather conditions.

lalotel Griswold

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~ ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

Sle Sar Salles ove |

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better.
tling, for the same goods.
Following are some draught liquors, especially
“Balmoral” Scotch, which we can highly recommend:
RAUGHT SCOTCH
“Balmoral” Fine Old Scotch, 2 gals. ..0............00 $12.50
“Balmoral” Extra Fine Old Scotch, 2 Galsiccccccs 14.50
“Balmoral” Extra Special Liqueur, 2 gals. .......... 16.50
DRAUGHT CANADIAN hceccapernga
arate OF Malt, 2 Cals. :..2.. shite re 8.00
Old Rye or Malt, 5 gals... q +3 50
Extra Old Rye or Malt, 2 gals. .. 9.00
Extra Old Rye or Malt, 5 gals. o....0.0-..c.ccfacccsosaccee 21.00
Wiser’s Special, Gooderham & Worts’ Special,
Walker’s Imperial and Seagram’s ‘‘83,’” 2
IS P80-U0;- 2) PAIS Seah tee 23.50
DRAUGHT RUM
Fine Old Jamaica Rum, 2 gals. .0........c6.cc.cccccsssccceee $13.00
Extra Fine Old Jamaica Rum, 2 gals. ....0..00..00..... 17.00
DRAUGHT BRANDY
PRMIRANS Or SGIb > ae ee oF ON eee oe $11.00
Old ee Fajr 2] FS Rare oe SIs SERROAY Be UR a ee 14.00
Extra Old Cognac, Ap rr] Fee ae ope ewe ta See aE ae ea 16.00
LISLE. BY OLN AY (fig eRe 16.00

DRAUGHT HOLLAND GIN
emnrcde vic wyners.< 2) sals cs ase) oa tee ete $10.50

DRAUGHT PORT he ta ae a)

Megrme cr G0;INO, A, Seale jared csics.coscncinccctes)
Warre & Co., No. = PER TLEE CN pial br Sika k hai wee ep eee 15:00
DRAUGHT PORT iii Fa Re ahrnpgee

Genadian Grape, 2-gal. jar. hac es
Canadian Grape, Concord, 2-gal. jar ..........ccc00.0..- 5 00
Canadian Grape, Special Vintage, 2-gal. jar ........ 6.00
DRAUGHT SHERRY WINES, siege eee
Cooking, Pdi 21 (2 oe eR, TIL De RRS ARUN OR AS Me Se
BEtEMe SE aSte.j 2 gals. 220 ese tol ati
Williams & Humbert’ S,) 2 @alss rd ee eke oe 12.00
HIGH WINES
Metal eT 00; 2 gals... ot ah S he Oe ee eae $14.00
ren!
CASE GOODS
Partial List with Prices.

Case containing 12 bots. 6 bots.
Walker’s Canadian Club si 12-50 $7.25
Walker’s Imperial .............. .. 10.00 5.75
Wiser’s Red Letter, G. & W- Special,

Seagram’s “83,” and White W heat,

and Royal Reseryesc. cu. Mien, 11.50 6.25

WINES AND LIQUORS |

MAIL ORDER DEPARTMENT

Now Montreal, Que. 4 St. Helen St.
FORMERLY HULL, QUE.

SERVICE—Prompt shipment, no substituting, refunding overpayments, immediate acknow- ©
ledgement of all orders—these are the features of our service to which we give very special care.

DRAUGHT VERSUS BOTTLED LIQUORS

Liquors in sealed botties in cases cost one-third more than in draught, and the quality is no
Why one-third more? Because you are paying for the bottles and the labor of bot-

JOHNYLABATT, Limited 4 St, Helen St. MONTREAL QUE. |

Wiser’s Recreation, Imp. Qts. .........0...... 9.75
Wiser’s Recreation Ambers ................008 7.25
Wiser’s Old Ryex.230) 2 eee 8.25 9
Wiser’s W hiskey Clair ice eee 7.25
Ge WaOrdinary 92 a eee 9.50
Seagram’s Three Star ........0.s...ccsececcssserees 10.50
Seagram’s One Star (222s tan ieee 9.00
- SCOTCH WHISKIES
Dewar’s Special!.£.° 5 See ice ee
Catto’s Old Mar oe

Usher's !O:ViGaui a eek cave
White Horse 23205-9207. 2 nls meee eee eee
John Haig, Glenleven' 2.5... [35 43
Catto’s Gold ‘Label 2 bo) ee ee
Usher’s Special ‘Reserve)..iu.).-2..tic)stene bo
John Begg’ Ss Red. Gap! i. ica thiclag ee
Dewar’s: Blue Labels 6.2.02); ..cccsocdss oes oe
Hill’ Thompson’s. Hill Top...
Walker’s ‘Kalmarnock=. io) c4ccace eee
Black: and “White 307,..8..5.307.ce.scssoeee oes
John Haig’s
Whyte & MacKay)? o..:a0 3c. oe ee
John Begy’s White Cap o.rc.......cccccssssnencrsevensseeters
Dewar’s Special. Liqueurs, -2...:}ctstecssstese
John Haig’ s Special Reserve’..../..,..::c.s:4.c0ssbatee
Mitchell’s Scotch, Imp. Qts. .......0.......0.... oe
Mitchell’s Scotch, Imp., Pts. 24 bolts

Walker’s Kilmarnock Black Labe
John Haig’s Dimples. )0) i eee

IRISH WHISKIES

Keegan’s Imperial Quarts.i::/:.0.2..s---.---00 ee
ee ae s Reputed Quarts....0.5.5..5)23 5
Taylor’s Coleraine Pure Malt (10-year-old) ........
Mitchell’s Trish; Imp 'Qts? 7. jhe 21 00 |

Jamieson’s 3-Star Rep. Ots wi cbadicsunssces lose 19.00 |
Dunnville’s Imp? Qts0s sc...5.....chepccss hace 21.00 |
Burke’s Imp..Qts. i.e. sinssceeee 21 00 |

BRANDIES
Cooking Brandy, Boutin :2s-22,)25:ssnies se
Brillet’s Three, Grape ¢2si0:.2:-0 eee
Prunier Gold Stamp ................04:.... ee et
Hennessy, One Stari. tacts ee
Jules Robin..3...55....25c eee
Hines’ Three Grape
Hines’ Fine Champagne Conner Brandy 1
Vintage: ia seen

uss Wine 58 sk Leal

GINS
Per Case.
John de Kuyper, 15 large bots. .00.00........cccceeeseeseeees $21.00
Melcher’s Gold Cross—Large Case, 15 bots. ...... 18.00
Medium Case, 12 bots..... 9.00
Small Case, 24 bots......... 8.00
PIMOS OITONGOM DEY. ..cs.cc.cec0s-sencnessoccensactetedecaapose 13.50
Sh St eee eee ee ees ine sar Bale hee oa 13.50
“rd BULDWTE CET COs DPC ee Pe Ree ear 16.00
a PTE SS. LEST a a ee ike Se 16.00
LETET® (SD) UC) RRS IS ERR IEEE A” F ic ec hae ene 16.00
JAMAICA RUM Per Case.
ZIG Old: WEE ale he ec ee Te ote cece $16.00
PORT WINES—IMPORTED Per Case
Biearre ds CO.5 GORVIGO oi ioe. dane Foodie ecg oneseenesies $17.00

Per Case.
7.00

COVEY Ti ee Oe ae Cas cle at Se
SHERRY WINES Per Case
Williams & Humbert’s Molino .................:cc:cc00000+ $16.00
Williams & Humbert’s Dry Sack .................ccceeeceee 20.00
TONIC WINE Per Case
MEI BD TVET EN fafa arc toctoasc cs Sbaaacessnecbaecaoheccuccscccvoseause $12.00
BITTERS
Angostura.......... Per Bottle $ 1.25
MEG PERC ESIUCLETS:...02ccc02-5ccsscieneies se * 1.25
French Vermouth, Noilly Pratt ...... . Per Case 12.00
Italian Vermouth, Freund Ballor.... ‘“ $$ 2.00
Italian Vermouth, Martini Rossi.... “ 12.00
COCKTAILS
Congress Club: Per Case
PRPRPRIE DANN G2 000027 Soc cos ohana en ae Ree a ae al ere $12.00
SSERITUC EE 10 A SN OR ete SOI ERE Riel Sepa 7 ea 12.00
Sy LE EE SRR Rae een gee Rie Raat et ae 12.00
"Sr S Ces SS eer 0 Die NR Ta 9 Tn oi ny agit 12.00
\UGIET TTT 8 Igo a ie RCE SUP eRe nal | eM REIS uO ae 12.00
SAUTERNES
N. Johnstone & Sons. Per Case.
LTTE GALORE REMUS RPE CS eet or gene ali $11.00
manperlc. Pts. 24 Bottles i..i5.5c0ccctecctezeesancseees 12.00
Haut Sauterne, OES nk Meee kaa eee eee 14.00
Haut Sauterne, Pts., 24 Bottles ...........0c. 15.00
CLARETS
N. Johnstone & Sons or Barton & Guestier. Per Case.
POMPOM ANCES OES. ii.s.ci0cccse..e .$14.00
Pontet Canet, Pts., 24 Bottles. . 15.00
St. Julien, Qts. Boor prac see eee . 10.00
St. Julien, Pts., 24 Bottles . 11.00
Lt VET Te NCO CAR a Sets ea . 10.00
Margaux, Pts. -, 24 Bottles......... . 11.00
Medoc, Pts., 24 Bottles .........c. . 10.00
Medoc, Qts. te ns te Ghee bien Lee oat phere > Ab ae eee la 9.00

LIQUEURS
? ‘ Per Boe
Annisette, Marie Brizard & Rogers ................00008 $2.25
Benedictine; Ots silico. ccliccssssecnssco--sdunseeteer eee 3.25
Benedictine, Pts., 24 Bottles ............ccssssscscescsesesees 2.25
Blackberry Brandy, Marie Brizard & Rogers ........ 225
Creme de Menthe, Green, Qts., Marie Brizard
OG ROMETS Reese teers tees «scene shedeapoueatees 2.25
Creme de Menthe, Green, Pts., Marie Brizard
& Rogers, 24......... Waste cesencddbsenay sr ghene eee rere 1.50
Creme de Menthe, White, Qts., Marie Brizard
& ROgers os eee Le ee 2.25
Apricot ree Marie Brizard & Rogers .............- 225
Chartreuse, Pts., Peres, Yellow, 24...........ccccceseeseeeee Deed
Chartreuse, Pts., Peres, Green; 24. i) eee 2.25
Curacoa Red Stone Jars, Marie Brizard & Rogers aa
Cherry Whiskey, Fremy Rls ee ee 22
Kummell, Marie Brizard & Rogefs...........00.c.c00000+ 2 3
Cherry Brandy, Marie Brizard & Rogers ............ 2.25
Creme de: Coca‘Droz::.i2i5 ee eee 2.75
BURGUNDIES—STILL WINES
Bouchard Pere & Fils. Per Case.
Beaune; Ots. oh ee ye Os ane ere $15.50
Beaune; ‘Pts; 24 Bottles 2.222.500 2 ee 16.50
Chablis; Ots3.3.25 cA se ee ee 13.00
Chablis, Pts. 24 ‘Bottles. A0c eich ee 14.00
Macon: Otssos oe ea ee ae 12.00
MaconPts:>)24 Borties: 2 s..2. ee ee 13.00
Pommard, Ots Poerg eerie: rei LACUS Ge, Cee ulin 17.00
Pommard Pts SA ESO UELOB ris ete ee cs a ee ee eee 18.00

SPARKLING WINES

We carry a full stock of Champagnes, Sparkling
Burgundies, etc., but as prices are fluctuating so rapid-
ly kindly ask us for quotations.

Prices on Wines include War Stamps.

TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF SALE

Money Order, marked Cheque or Cash to accom-
pany all orders. If too much is sent, the difference
will be returned immediately; if not enough the ship-
ment may be delayed. If cash is sent the letter should
be registered. Express Companies will not accept
C.O.D. shipments.

DELIVERIES

All orders are shipped the same day they are re-
ceived. Any further information desired will be sent
on request.

Freight or Express Charges prepaid by us east and
south of, and including North Bay on quantities quoted
in Price List.

North and west of North Bay, including Sault Ste.
Marie add 50c per package.

North and west of Sault Ste. Marie add $1.00 per
package.

Cut Out This Price List and Keep for
Reference.

Express Charges Prepaid (See above)

JOHN LABATT, Limited, 4 St. HelenSt. MONTREAL, QUE.

| FORMERLY HULL, QUEBEC |

1272

As to the utility of this mid-range charge, r ain

opinions might differ. Owing to the absence
of recoil many men would get finer target
work from it than they would from the normal
cartridge, 125-grain bullet at 3,000 feet
velocity—could myself I think. The mid-
range cartridge is splendidly uniform in
elevation, for I do not question that the one
shot I threw high in the group shown was due
to getting the tip ot the front sight into the
black without knowing it—holding too close
to the black. Since the Savage with 87-

er shows a velocity of 3,

of the .256 with 33 grains

aerd bullet would hardly fall below 2,
ranted that velocity, the trajectory w

be practically as flat as the Savage .250, wi

energy something greater. I should

every confidence in this cartridge for ee! ine
shooting and for all game smaller than deer, —

loading a spitzer bullet with soft-point. The
full jacket would prove very serviceable for
certain kinds of game.

(To be concluded) 2

AT THE CLUB

Ap Luis.

OOD evening, George. Did you have .
a good time on your hunting trip?”

“Yep, just got home this morning.
Certainly had the big time, but say, the birds
are not what they used to be. Why I mind
the time when we could get the old Blue
Grouse in the big bunches. Say, I went to
the old stamping grounds a few years ago
and it was a shame to take the money—
(well here goes).

“Yes sir, them was the days when we used
to bring back a cart-load, kept us busy for
a couple of days giving them away, but times
are changed. Although we certainly had
a fair outing the birds were not up to ex-
pectations (yes, please I’ll take the same).”

“Well, how did you make out Bill? Did
you run into them at all?”

“What! Only five for three days. Well,
that is not so rotten but you must have been
there with the eye Bill (here’s how).

“What! You saw quite a lot but couldn’t
connect?”

“Well, first of the season a fellow is liable
to be a little off. In fact I get that way my-
self, did this year (sure, one more won’t hurt,
I'll take the same).”’

“How did I make out? Well, I’ll just tell
you we found them pretty scarce. The first
day I had only left camp about fifty yards
when two flushed and I made a dandy double.
Had just loaded up when a third jumped and
I rumpled him up and as I was going to pick
them up two more flew out, and I picked the
first with my right and smoked up the other.
Oh yes, a good start is the thing. Just cach-
ed them under a log and then commenced to
hunt. Hadn’t gone far when I ran into
another covey, made a peach of a double on
the first two and then smothered one going
down hill at about a thousand per. Pretty
lucky to connect as was not shooting up to
usual gait. Could have shot four or five
deer but (yes, here’s lookout below) but as

I was saying don’t like venison, besides spoils
day for birds.”

“Yes—but didn’t finish about first day.

Next bird flew out of tree. Old Hooter ran
right into the shot and had hard job to get
him as he fell over high drop. Found him
after long hunt though.

to start for camp with the ten I had. Man-
aged to pick up nine more on my way back.
Was in camp before ten in morning. Just
stuck around the rest of the day. We had
two dozen bottles soft nose and two bottles
hard nose at camp. That reminds me better
have one on me (yes, same again). Four in
our party good sports but out of luck. One
got two birds and old Steve was second gun
with four. Not bad for first day, twenty-
seven for four guns. We had a big time that
night, killed ’em all over again. I put fellows

on how to get em. Told ’em how I got mine

but they wouldn’t listen so next day (only
stayed two days), decided to make full day
of it. Got the old dog out early, fore day-
light. Didn’t run into much but stuck with

it till about ‘leven in morning. Cleaned up

bag limit of twelve, so decided to quit. But,
say, haven’t finished telling you (oh, sure
better luck next time) but as was telling
you, the boys were sore when they came in
dog tired about four in the afternoon and
saw my bag. Decided to let ’em have it
out by themselves. Only brought in three
among ’em all, so I just took the old gun for
a stroll just back of cabin and bagged five

right where got into covey first morning. —

Made ’em pretty sore.”

“What! Steve says I only got one bird.
Ha! ha! he’s a great joker and anyway my
folks don’t care for game so I let the boys
take what they wanted, always divide up
(say, better have another before you go).

In fact lost eight |
or nine birds over bluff so thought it better ©

Will tell you about it all next time I see you. © “ig

So long.”

——-

We invite any of our readers desiring information on doggie matters to send in their

queries to this department.

requirements best?

Are you buying a dog; importing one; do
new registration requirements? Are you in doubt as to what breed of

ou understand the
og would suit your

Is your dog ailing? Any breed you want information on, no matter

what it is you wish to know, we will try and satisfy you and to the novice we might say that

we may save you a lot of trouble.

WESTMINSTER KENNEL CLUB’S 4lst ANNUAL
BENCH SHOW, MADISON SQUARE
GARDEN, NEW YORK CITY

(Reported specially for Rod and

Nearly’ 2000 dogs, pick of the world, shown.
Exhibitors come from all over U.S.A.
and Canada. Canadians take win-
ners in four breeds and do well
in others.

LL those interested in sporting affairs,
hoth asa business and as a hobby can
now look to America for the largest and

most numerous events, exhibitions etc. in the
different fancies such as dogs, horses, motor-
ing both by land and water, and all the ath-
letic sports.

In Great Britain and Europe, it can be
readily understood that all such sports are
now set aside in consideration of the serious
business of war. The leading dog shows in
Engiand, which have -been the largest and
best in the world are now cancelled and
only minor local events are held. Great
Britain which has produced the best in about
every thing, bred or manufactured, now
seriously considers that after the war she
will have to look to America for the best
specimens in the canine world. In a way
they have themselves to blame for in con-
sideration of large prices offered they have

Gun by The Kennel Editor).

sold to America nearly all of the leading
specimens of the different breeds of dogs.
Americans (and when I say America, I in-
clude Canada) have been taking advantage
of war conditions and in the last two years
more than 1000 dogs have been imported.
The pick of the English kennels have been
brought over here and it looks now as if the
Britons will have to look to this side before
long to replenish their stock. With this
supply of the best imported stock as a founda-
tion, with careful breeding and honest in-
terest displayed by large and small fanciers
alike it is the opinion of observers that
America is about at the point in the dog
industry where there will be little need to
go to the mother country for stock that is
any better than we can breed here.

At the present time many of the best dogs
are British bred, but young home grown stock
are showing improvement and what will make
one of the most interesting competitions in
the future will be classes for English, Canadian
and United States bred dogs. The only
thing one can boast of in a high class winning
imported dog is that you own it. The proud-

1273

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1274 ROD AND GUI

est and most loyal fancier is he who breeds
a dog that wins right along against all com-
petition. And at the present time, one who
can breed dogs of this sort, in this country,
can eusily obtain big prices for them and big
prices mean $50.00 to $100.00 for young
puppies; $100.00 to $500.00 when winning
at one year old and $500.00 to $1,500.00
when showing exceptional promise and win-
nings at two years old. Of course these
prices are only paid in the most popular of
sporting and pet varieties such as Airedales,
Pointers and Setters; wire and smooth fox
terriers, working terriers; Boston terriers,
Irish terriers, Pekingese, Pomeranians, Collies,
English bull dogs and so on down the list.
Widespread interest was manifested in

‘the Westminster show this year and prac-

tically every section of the United States
and Canada was represented. Many looked
forward with keen expectations to seeing
Mrs. Baldwin’s famous Anoakid Kennels
of Cal. exhibit at the show and it was also
said that Phillips, the English Airedale expert
and Crabtree the bull dog expert wouid be
over especially to handle the Anoakid dogs.
Both these experts made a trip to Cal. last
year at Mrs. Baldwin’s request, to give her
Kennels a going over. The Anoakid dogs
were to have come in a speciai car with
attendants and the sixteen dogs, including
the most celebrated English champions that
have been imported in recent years in Aire-
dales, English bull dogs and Russian wolf
hounds, would have made probably the
biggest individual variety exhibit in the
show. It was a keen disappointment when
at the last moment it was learned that this
exhibit would not be present.

However there were other splendid ex-
hibits from distant points. All together there
were some 1900 dogs at the show. To give
our readers, many of whom no doubt have
seen the dog show at the Canadian National
Exhibition, Toronto, some idea of the size
and importance of the New York show,
there are usually some 600 entries at Toronto
which is considered one of the largest shows
in America. The Toronto show is nearly
all Canadian exhibits. The management
should endeavor in future, to have our fanciers
over the border practice their ideas in reci-
procity and send over their dogs to compete
‘with ours, home grown ones especially. Year
after year Canadian dogs have been winning
well in the U.S.A. Let’s see what their
breeding can do here.

There was close to $300,000 worth of
thoroughbreds at the Westminster show this

Ws,000. catalogues were sold so that a new |
“patch had to be quickly gotten out overnight. |

, Ks ‘i
My) \

at less than $100.00 and many of then
rated well up in the thousands. Probably —
the most highly estimated one in a financial _
way was Matford Vic the wire fox terrier
which for two years in succession has been
judged best of all breeds at the blue ribbon
event of the kennel world in this country.
It is doubtful if her owner, Mrs. Rainey,
would part with her for $5,000. Matford
Vic was not entered for competition, Mrs.
Rainey having two other famous. English
bred fox terriers up viz: Conejo Wycollar
Boy who took winners in dogs and Biddy of
Holyport taking winners in bitches.
Portia and Boy Blue, for each of which he
paid in Eng. $3500 and there were plenty
of other breeds, individuals of which are
valued by their owners at over the $1,000
mark; the winning Peke being sold at the
show for $2,000. At the Philadelphia show
the following week I saw $200.00 being offered
for a beagle.
Taking travelling expenses for out of town,
exhibitors’ fees to handlers and expenses of
getting the dogs ready for the bighow it is
not without the bounds of reason to believe
that half a million dollars was represented
at the exhibition. The prize money offered
‘in each class was Ist, $15,00, 2nd $10.00,
3rd $5.00 and in some classes $10.00, $5.00
and $3.00 respectively; besides the many
cash specials. The plate, cups, etc., given
would grace any jewellery store, three large
mahogany and plate glass cases at the front
of the hall, being packed with these valuable
cups, bowls, plates, shields, etc.
Interest was high as was evidenced by the
crowd that attended each of the four days,
Thursday, Feb. 23rd being a nationa! holi-
day (Washington’s birthday) saw a record
attendance of some 15,000 persons. That |
most of the spectators teok more than a
passing interest in the sport was proved by
e fact that the first two days of the show

Fox Hounds.

Friday, Feb. 24th was hound day, Gen.
Sir Charles Gunning of Montreal judging
and also classes for specials were awarded
this day so that the attendance was very ~
large, society especially turning out to see
the hound packs with huntsmen and masters ~
in their bright uniforms. It required the
entire 50 ft. square judging enclosure to
show off the different hound and beagle —
packs and with the ring side three and fou

Pi antes

Pushsh Fox hesind packs present
about 15 dogs to a pack) were the Genesee
Valley Hunt Club, the Myopia Hunt Club
of Mass. and the Middlesex Foxhounds of
Mass. The Foxcatcher Kennels of Mont-
__ pelier, Va., had a pack of American all red
; fox hounds and A. B. Elcock of Quincy. Mass.
had a small pack of regular American slim
built American fox hounds.

Gen. Sir Charles Gunning in commenting

on the English fox hounds they have in the

_ S§tates, said that he was not in favor of the

ones that were exaggerated in type as far

as bone was concerned but preferred the

medium sort. It was noticeable that the

medium sort were the most active and bright-
est hounds.

In American fox hounds Judge Chas.
Barney of Mass. naturally favered the larger
exhibits showr by his fellow countrymen
which were of the tall lightly built type that
often make fast ones but it is doubtfu if for
stamina and staying power they would be
in it with the dog Baldwins Prompter shown
by the enterprising W. C. Baldwin of Ottawa,
Can. This dog followed more the standard
but the judge probably followed Sir Chas.

- Gunning in his notions and gave the awards

to the lighter built U.S. dogs, Mr. Baldwin

_ only getting one 2nd, two 3rds and one 4th.

This dog is a strongly built typical hound
and a proven worker and as a stud force
should do the breed much good in Ontario

Beagles.

‘ A splendid looking lot of beagles were
shown, an even typical looking lot in small
entries and in packs, the latter shown by
uniformed huntsmen who were as interesting
or more so than the hound packs. They
were of uniform build and coloring and were
handled to perfection in show manners and
were the cause of much admiration on the
part of the society and sporting fraternity
present.

_ The following packs were shown:—The
Fairfield Beagles of Noroton, Conn.; the
Somerset Beagles of N.Y.; the Mt. Brilliant
Beagles of Kentucky; the Wheatley Beagles
of Roslyn, L.I.; Mr. Macy’s Beagles of Avon,
N.Y.; Wolver Beagles, C. O. Iselin Jr., hipaa
bury, L.I.

Fach pack contained from 10 to 20 dogs.
_ There were also several exhibits of singles
and doubles. .

Wheatley Leader reserve, Ch. Belray
C. O. Iselin, winners bitches, and So
Fashionable reserve.

In couples of unentered Beagles either s

entries, Merryman and Merrylass,
Wheatley bred and a very nice pair re
miniature fox hounds.

Setters.

pointers as these dogs are very popular in —
Pennsylvania, Virginia, Kentucky and the
South and the West. There were 66 English |

Topsy (English setters) from the Meadow
View Kennels, Plainfield, N.J. got first ina
big class for braces, any breed, going overa
crack pair of Mrs. Rainey’s wire fox terriers. _
This decision was received with great en-
thusiasm for it is not often that the good —
old sporting dog comes into his own with |
the one that is bred chiefly for show. Right — Re
on top of this decision there was another _ Y
one in favor of a sporting breed. There was
a special for the biggest and best entry.
Mrs. Rainey had eight wire fox terriers in
the ring which seemed unbeatable.

This was the same collection that some
enthusiasts insist is worth $40,000 to $50,000
and led by Wycollar Boy who took winners
in wire fox. oa

H. K. Bloodgood of the Mepal Kennels
Mass. had an army of 18 cockers with Ch.
Durbar as leader and Judge Thomas gave
it to the cockers.

Cockers.

While mentioning cockers I might say there
were 104 entered, making strong competition,
yet W. H. Mann of Toronto with one entry,
took 2nd in the puppy dog class of eight.

In bitches Lansdown Ruminantly J. C.
Hanna, took Ist open; and winners.

Irish Setters.

In Gordon Setters only two were shown.

Irish setters were better, 40 being shown,
Midwood Red Jacket taking Ist open and
winners dogs, the Canadian dog Glincho ©
Morty O’Clallaghan, E. A. Sturdie, Fred-
ericton, N.B., getting reserve winners, 1st
limit and 2nd open. Another Canadian
I. C. Hanna, Montreal, took 1st in Novice ap
dogs with Larry O’Brien, 2nd limit, 3rd open
and 2nd for brace. we

Pointers. Nee
There were 55 Pointers entered, including ~
some of the most famous dogs in the States
such as those from the great sporting place
of William Ziegler on the Carolinian coast.
Bob White Geltsdale Ronald from Pa. took
Ist limit, Ist open, and 1st winners, in dogs
over 55 pounds, Ch. Watland’s Wisdom
Frank Addyman Ardsley, N.Y., taking Ist
open under 55 pounds and reserve winners.
Ziegler’s Mary Montrose, who has won at
about every field trial throughout the States
won easily all through her classes right up
to winners bitches. She is the greatest field
dog in the States and a National Champion
and shows the marks of her work. She is
no artificial bench dog but a real one that can
do things outside of looking pretty in the
ring, of course she did not get first prize for
best of all breeds in the show but we should
hate to see her pitted against the wire fox
terrier that won over all other breeds, in a
test of actual usefulness.
Although there are some excellent Pointers
in Canada none were represented at this show.
The Pointing Griffons, a new dog to this
country, were well represented. These dogs
look very much like a cross between the
sh Airedale and Irish Setter, being wire-haired,
eS longer in coat than an Airedale, color, grizzle
black and white and liver yellowish and white,
larger ears than Airedales and tail docked.
However, the one or two kennels who monopo-
lize this breed in the States claim that they
Sr: are a very old breed of dog in France and
make great claims for them as bird dogs,
holding them at very high prices. We will
have some photos of these dogs and descrip-
tive matter in a future number.

ae Water Spaniels.

“a iv, Irish water spaniels only had three entries.
ar It is too bad that some of our Irish water
spaniels from Canada, especially the West,
were not sent to this show for they surely
would have been winners.

Retrievers.

One imported black curly coated English
retriever was shown but it was too open in
coat.

Only two Field Spaniels were shown, owned
by Jos. Perkins, Toronto. Consequently
they won everything in that class and winners.

In a country like America where gun dogs
are much used, especially duck shooting, it
was rather odd that such a poor showing
" e was made in such a useful dog, not even one

of the famous distinctive American breed

_was rather disconcerting watching these dogs

d Bay retrit ver
“Hewbuen's as wi ithithe case oF the ¢
Mary Montrose these dogs are b ”
and not for show. i. § hs a.
Airedales. ;
_ There were 104 Airedale entries at the — a
show and had entries from the Anoakid | ia
Kennel of Cal. and the Vickery Kennels, —
Chicago, attended it would have been one
of the best Airedale shows in the world. As
it was the classes were all large and as Judge
Barclay of Philadelphia, worked quickly, it

in the ring. Some young promising stock
was shown and won well which shows to
what perfection this breed is being brought in —
this country while the judge could not get —
away from giving the premier positions to
the well-known English bred dogs Ch. Abby
King Nobbler and Ch. York Ryburn Swell
and in bitches to Ch. Chesney Cherry Circle
and Elms Princess, yet some of the home
breds showed up just as classy. Volcano
at 10 months is a “good enough” Airedale
and took first in a class of 22 puppy dogs.
lst American bred dog was granite Invader;
1st Limit Ch. Polam Maxim; 1st open Ch.
Abby King Nobbler, 2nd open Ch. Ryburn
Swell. Other well-known dogs in the open
class were York Lofty first; Ch. Young King
Nobbler; Briergate Rep ‘Persaltum; Kirk-
dale Consort; Normanton Tipit only got 3rd
but looked as good as the winners having ~
better depth of brisket, Ch. Polam was given
Ath.
Best in Show. ©
Mrs. Roy Rainey’s Wycollar Boy Out-
classes All Other Breeds and Beats
Two Time Winner, Matford Vic, .
in Madison Square Garden.
Once again a fox terrier won the top honors
for the best of all breeds on the closing day __
of the forty-first annual dog show of the
Westminster Kennel Club in Madison Square _
Garden yesterday. Most of the wise ones
were predicting a third successive victory
for Matford Vic, but it remained for one of
Vic’s kennel mates to carry off the champion- __
ship. Wycollar Boy was the victor, and he
had to move along in some very smart com- __
pany to get the honor. .
Mrs. Roy A. Rainey, owner of both of af
them, was not disappointed that Vic did — *

rel

not win for the third time in succession. | a

Boy, because she thought he was the best
that she had in her kennels. Wiehe

b
ae

Mrs. Rainey, were given the gate, and many
of those who clustered around the ringside
could hardly believe it when they saw these
two go out early. When it happened nearly
every one thought that the chief prize was
going to the old English sheepdog Slumber,
with which the late Mrs. Tyler Morse won
best in show three or four years ago. Slum-
ber went along to the end, though, and he
was the last one on the block with the fox
terriers.

After it was all over I asked George Thomas,
the judge, why he did it. He said that the
huge coat of the old English sheepdog, which
is by no means a youngster these days, cover-
ed a multitude of sins. Going right down
the line with the dogs that came into the
ring for the big event of the American kennel
world, Mr. Thomas had an answer for every-
thing he was asked. He liked Abbey King
Nobbler, the Airedale winner, in many re-
spects, but he faulted this dog some in head
qualities. Vic went out and so did Wireboy
on lack of condition, as most of the experts
said. Hadley Hoodwink, the Sealyham which
many thought was going to win the first
prize, was not in the competition, for he had
been beaten earlier in the show in a variety
class.

Judging Shifted.

The judging was delayed a lot and the
classes were shifted around so from the reg-
ular order that it was going close on to seven
o’clock in the evening before the chief event
of the show was adjudicated. There were
a score of dogs led into the ring. Among
them were Abbey King Nobbler, Airedale;
Wireboy of Paignton, Matford Vic and Wy-
collar Boy, wire-haired fox terriers; Slumber,
old English sheepdog; Seedley Stirling, collie;
Boy Blue and Portia, St. Bernards; Peter’s
Captain, Boston terrier, and Chocolate Mike,
a Pomeranian. The last, by the way, was
the only toy in the competition.

It was a mighty interesting event for the
crowd which pressed up on the barriers about
the ring. After the first parade of the win-
ners in their classes the sheepdog, Airedale,
greyhound, Landsdowne Sunflower, the Bos-
ton, the Pomeranian Matford Vic and Wy-
collar Boy were left. The next turn found
the Pomeranian, the Boston and Matford
Vic getting the gate. Next out was the grey-
_ hound. Then the Airedale was eliminated.
This left the sheepdog and Wycollar Boy.
Mr. Thomas pottered about with them a bit
and gave the prize to the terrier. His de-
cision was not received with very great acclaim

- Paignton and Matford Vie, both owned by

; Ne a
by the crowd, but it was a funny thing t
just as he gave the prize to Mrs. Rainey’s —
dog there was a roar of barks from the dogs —
on the benches outside the ring. It seemed
as if they recognized that the king of dogdom _
had been crowned.
A Chocolate Pom. was awarded best toy
dog in the show and it was thereafter sold
for $800.00. Mrs. Hill also sold another
winning Pom. for $500.00 to Mrs. A. G.
Vanderbilt. The Orange Sable Pom. Mine-
gold Glory was sold at the show for $1,250.00.
The total for these three which in the aggre-
gate weigh about 11 pounds would be some-
thing more than $200.00 a pound which is
somewhat higher than the prices they are
asking these days for sirloin steak.

Canadian Dogs.

Canadians did well at the show, taking
premier honors in four breeds as follows:
Bull Terriers, Smooth Collies, Field Spaniels
and Greyhounds. Also in other breeds we
made some creditable wins, as follows: Geo.
Bailey, Ottawa, smooth Fox terriers. Clap-
ton dogs won one Ist; three 3rds; and three
Aths, a very creditable showing in the strong
competition.

In wire-haired Fox Terriers the following
Canadian ones were shown: W. R. Aitkin,
Montreal, Leeds Idol; R. E. Webster,- Mon-
treal, Lady Wire Boy of Paignton got 2nd
graduate dogs and bitches in a class of 12
and 3rd Maiden; W. H. Shortt, London,
Lady Selection; Alf Lepine, Montreal, Wire
Boy of Malden H.C., in novice class; Wire
Maid of Malden V.H.C. in puppy bitches; te,
husky Bounce V.H.C. in Limit dogs.

Mr. Lepine got 5th with Wireboy of Mal-
den in open dogs bred by exhibitor and 4th
with Wiremaid of Malden in open bitches
bred by exhibitor. The Wire Fox Terriers
that took highest winnings were imported
dogs that cost up in the four figures, the credit
of their breeding going to England.

W. Baldwin, Ottawa, showed a strongly
built American Foxhound which took one
2nd, two 3rds, and a 4th, the judge favoring
the taller and lighter built United States
Foxhounds.

Following is the showing the Canadian
Boston Terriers made: G. A. Beaumont,
Toronto, Kenmore Raffles; Geo. Cameron,
Ottawa, Ch. Peter Noodles; I. G. Slattery,
Ottawa, Ingrams Orphan; O. Elder, To-
ronto, Rexonian Little Lady; W. Levack,
Toronto, Fashion Plate; I. Luny, Ottawa,
Spider Lassie and King Spider; C. McQuillan,
Toronto, with Clifton Peach won 2nd in

‘
4
q
Es

2
Ni

Be sO Ae ae ort a
fat i ee ne oD

ee

74

5

;

Limit i under 17 hate in a clans of iY Wea

twenty and 3rd in open dogs in a class of
thirteen; Mrs. Ingram of Toronto, with
Ingram’s Little Woman (who is by the well-
known Ch. Ingram’s Little Man), captured
Ist in a class of eleven puppy bitches; 4th
in novice bitches, class of twenty. This
is surely bearding the lion in its den for Bos-
tons are the one great American breed of dog.
There were 153 Bostons entered. And in
Bull terriers Canadian dogs had it all their
own way in the bunch of 49.

Billy Sunday, owned by Don Sutherland,
Toronto, took 1st in Limit dogs; 1st in open
dogs and special for best of the breed in show.

Furore H. Vearncombe, Toronto, took 2nd
in novice dogs; 4th in open dogs and 3rd in
maiden dogs and bitches.

Wentworth Joffre, M. O’Rourke, Hamilton
took 5th in Limit dogs under 35 pounds,
and 3rd in open dogs. Wentworth Hilda
was not placed.

Nilwor, F. A. Rowlin, Toronto, took 3rd
in novice dogs, 4th in open dogs over 35
pounds, and 4th Maiden dogs and bitches.
In bitches the winnings were as good.

Hay Market Patricia, R. H. Elliott, Otta-
wa, took Ist in Limit and Ist open and win-
ners.

The four smooth coated collies shown by
N. Gwire, Toronto, were the only ones at
the show so won 1st and winners. This was
also the case with Jos. Perkins’ two field
spaniels, but it shows courage and enterprise
in introducing a new breed.

In Greyhounds Master Butcher, I. G.
Kent, Toronto, took 1st open and winners.
Kenmore Big Drive took 3rd in Limit dogs.
In bitches Kenmore Iris took 3rd Limit.

The MacKenzie Airedales were again at
the show, ably handled by Swann. The new
importation Marshfield Milkmaid was there
and took 3rd Limit, 4th open Sunshine being
left out of it this time.

Newbold Vixen, bred near Montreal and

owned by Jas. Bain, Toronto, took 3rd novice.

In dogs Ch. King Nobbler’s double was
not entered for competition in the regular
classes. Ch. Polam Maxim who took so well
last year, got 1st Limit, 4th open and Ist in
Canadian class, which is open to any Can-
adian dog or bitch, any breed. 2nd in this
class was won by Dusky Bounce (Wire Fox),
3rd by Haughty Goldbeater (Pom.) and 4th
Master Butcher (Greyhound).

Wallaton Preparedness, a young United
States bred Airedale which E. Je Berry of
Montreal entered only got V.H.C. and reserve.

o

3rd p evi with Lady of Au over. Yi
Mrs. S. Delaney, Toronto, took
open black and tan Toy Terriers. rh gt
Chas. Dickinson, Toronto, with the mantiff, My q
Priam of Wingfield, took one Ist, one 2nd
and reserve winners.
J. D. Eagon, Toronto, with the West High-
land White Terrier, Gothian Lady took one
2nd and a reserve.

Irish Setters from Canada made good as
previously mentioned. Years ago that sec-
tion of Ontario between Hamilton and Lake
Huron had some of the best Irish setters and
breeders in America. Now this breed is in
the east. ;

Besides the previously mentioned winnings ~
of E. A. Sturdee of N.B. and I. C. Hanna of
Montreal, H. B. Johnson of Toronto won in
bitches, 2nd novice, 3rd Limit.

In bull dogs, Toronto was represented by
Oakland White Marquis, Ed. Johnston, 3rd
novice, 2nd junior; Judy of Lombare, J. E
Dowling; Casters Diamond, Harry A. Wi,son,
3rd Limit, 4th open; Chinook Velocity Mr.
Tuson, Lethbridge, 4th Maiden, 2nd novice
bitches, 3rd Am. bred.

Canadians did well with collies, consider-
ing that much high priced imported stock is
now in the States. Robt. McEwan of Lon-
don with Wishaw Queen took Ist junior,
1st Maiden, 1st Limit, 1st open in tri color
and any color. Jas. Strachan, Toronto, with
Coltness Clinker took 2nd limit dogs, and
3rd open bred by exhibitor. Miss C. D.
McGill of Montreal showed a Jup. Spaniel.
Mrs. Mathins of Montreal showed a Russian
Woolfhound, getting 4th limit bitches. Hugh ™
Nickel, Kingston, showed the good imported
Petrofski of Addlestone but only got 3rd
limit and 4th open. His bitch Sophia was
not placed. Hewitt Smith, Toronto, showed
his-crack Irish Terrier, Coast Native Prince, |
but only got 3rd Am. bred and 3rd graduate.
Mrs. Wylie, Vineland, Ont., with her Poms_
took 1st limit dogs or bitches over 7 pounds,
and 2nd open dogs or bitches over 7 pounds.

This about completes the winnings of |
sporting dogs and Canadian dogs. As Rod _
and Gun is a sportsman’s magazine it does —
not give special mention of toy and pet Sa ih
or non sporting dogs. BS

We have a complete list of all the winnings _
at the N.Y. show, of every breed; if any of ©
our readers wish to know any particular —
winnings -they can get it by writing “this “4
department. It would take several pag ;
to print all winnings in all classes of all bre

nd

SEE “a 7 ?

Some of the Canadians noticed viewing
the show were Norman MacKenzie, Regina,

Jos. Russel, Jos. Perkins, B. Swann, S. Bam-

ford, Mrs. Ingram, N. Swire of Toronto
Mr. Bailey and Mr. Baldwin of Ottawa, and
of course there were a few others whom we
did not meet.

We would suggest that, to be patriotic,
any time Canadians show their dogs in
the U.S. they tack up a Canadian flag on
their stall and also a show card giving Kennel
name and address. We have good dogs in
Canada and should show it.

We hope to publish in next month’s issue
some photos of the winning dogs of sporting
breeds at the Westminster Show.

Philadelphia Show.

On Monday or Tuesday following the New ©

York show the Kennel Club of Philadelphia
held their sixth annual show, in the Horti-
cultural Hall, which is a very elaborate build-
ing of marble arches, stairways and hand-
some windows. This show was for the bene-
fit of the Child Federation of Philadelphia,
whose purpose is to advance by original and
constructive |\methods the best interest of
the babies and children of Philadelphia.
Naturally the show was well attended by
the leading people of Philadelpha and the
surrounding country. Some of the dogs
shown were brought on from the New York.
show.

Bert Swann, the handler, was the only
Canadian exhibitor to come on to Philadelphia
from New York and he had a string of the
Canadian dogs including the MacKenzie
Airedales, Swire’s smooth collies, H. A. Wil-

son’s coster Bull dogs, Strachan’s collies, and
the mastiff Priam of Wingfield, which took

1st and reserve winners.at New: York and
also repeated his winnings here. In Aire-
dales Polam Maxim took Ist limit; 2nd open
and reserve winners being beaten again this
year, as last, by Normanton Tipit. Tipit is
a better dog in having the better size and
depth of chest. In bitches Newbold Vixen
was Ist novice, 2nd open and 3rd limit. Sun-
shine 2nd limit, Marshfield Milkmaid ist
open.

Although Philadelphia is one of the oldest
Airedale centres in America yet the entries
this year were not large especially in the
elasses in which the Canadian dogs, par-
ticularly bitches, were entered. This may

adians to do some winning in reward for thee
entérprise in attending the show or is it that
the Yankees are hopeless against the Can-
adians.

Billy Sunday, the redoubtable Bull terrier
from Toronto, as in New York, took premier

place 1st and winners. He would have been
more appropriately named Sir Sam. Strach- —
an’s Coltness Clinker took reserve winners —
in strong competition.

In the estimation of competent judges the
cocker spaniels and clumbers were the best
ever seen at the Westminster show. Durbar,
the black champion, which was given best
of the breed was said by an English judge
to approach nearer the useful type of gun dog
that they have in England, than anything
he had seen. The Englishman remarked
that these specimens made it appear as if
Americans were getting away from the parlor
type.

The next Dog Shows which will be of in-
terest to Canadians are:—

Western Reserve Kennel Club, Cleveland,
Ohio, March 15th to 17th.

Chicago Kennel Club, Chicago, March
29th to 31st (this is the big Spring show of
the middle west).

Detroit Kennel Club, Detroit, April 4th
and 5th.

Toronto Kennel Club, Toronto, April 6th
and 7th (this is the Spring show of eastern
Canada).

Editor, KENNEL DEPARTMENT :—

Recent issues of Rod and Gun have con-
tained letters from several men whose dogs
had suffered from eczema and were appar-
ently incurable. The following 1s the treat-
ment which cured our Airedale of eczema,
although he was in a terrible condition. We
bathed him every evening in warm water to
which had been added Crealin in the pro-
portion of one tablespoonful to two gallons
of water. In the morning for the first few
weeks we coated all the broken places with
ichythol ointment, then used sulphur oint-
ment instead. This treatment requires pa-
tience and perseverance but our dog was
completely cured in three months. This was
two years ago and the trouble has not re-
turned.

M. M. G.

Sea terete ye oy My

-

oe

aE

=

TOURNAMENT DATES

April 6th and 7th. Two Day Registered
Shoot of the Hamilton Gun Club, Hamilton, Ont.
D. A. Nelson, Secretary, 20 Fairholt Rd., South
Hamilton, Ont.

April 6th. The ‘Sea Cliff?’ Gun Club Tourna-
ment—One day shoot. Leamington, Ont. Dr. R.
D. Sloane, Secretary, Leamington, Ont,

Gun Club secretaries who would like to see
the records of shoots which they hold from time
to time in Rod and Gun are invited to send
these in as soqn after the shoots take place as
possible. If enclosed in an unsealed envelope ad-
dressed to the Trap Editor, Rod and Gun, Wood-
stock, Ont., and marked ‘‘Printer’s Copy,’’
written reports or newspaper clippings giving
the scores of shoots held may be forwarded for
one cent postage. Please be sure to mark on
the copy the date when the shoot was held.

Tournament dates should be sent in at the
earliest possible moment to ensure insertion.

_ St. Hubert Gun Club.

The following scores will furnish readers of our Trap
department with a record of the shoots held by the St.
Hubert Gun Club. “These should have been sent
before,’ writes the secretary when forwarding. them,
“but I did not realize how much importance is attached
to the publishing of these in your magazine. A great
many of the members have asked why they have not
been put in. Some do not keep track of their scores,
trusting to records as published in Rod and Gun.”

(We hope other gun club secretaries will take notice,
and send in reports of shoots promptly.)

At the annual meeting of the St. Habert Gun Club
on Jan. 16th, the reports of the officers showed another
good year for the club. The 1916 season, while not
Just up to the mark set in 1915 was nevertheless one of
the most successful ones in the history of the club.

The club held as many week end shoots as the year
previous and two tournaments—New Year’s, 1917, and
the Easter tournament in April last, of which the pro-
ceeds, a substantial sum, were turned over to the Sir
Sanford Fleming Convalescent home.

Many of the club members donated prizes as special
attractions throughout the year; the ‘“‘Dupont’’ be-
ginners’ day shoot, and “Dupont,” 1916 trophy shoot
were held.

The new officers have in mind a series of special
events and, attractive and appropriate prizes will be
put up for competition throughout the 1917 season.
The following members attended the meeting.

_Mr. Bethune, chairman; Messrs. R. Cameron, W. C.
Little, W. L. Cameron, Dr. Mohr, J. A. Latimer, J. B.
Harkin, H. W. Fairchild, J. A. Fletcher, E. G. White,
H. Graham, G. Easdale, J. J. Heney, Jr., B. Baldwin
and O. T. Ring.

The election of officers for the ensuing year resulted
as follows: President, Mr. J. M. Roberts; Ist vice-
president, Mr. T. A. Heney (re-elected) 2nd_vice-
president, Mr. J. B. Harkin; field captain, Mr. H. W.
Fairchild; treasurer, Mr. Blyth Beattie (re-elected ;)
secretary, Mr. O. T. Ring (re-elected).

Executive committee: Messrs. W. L. Cameron,
Cecil Bethune, Dr. Mohr, W. J. Corby, J. J. Heney, Jr.

A vote of thanks was tendered the retiring oflicers
for their valuable services during the past year.

Although the weather conditions were unfavorable
with an east wind and snow falling which interfered
greatly with the shooting, ten shooters faced the traps
in spite of Old “Jack Frost’? at St. Hubert’s Traps.

he scores despite the zero temperature were fairly
good, the general average being 70 per cent.

Ted White led the field with a score of 44 out of 50.
Geo. Easdale was next with 41. H. W. Fairchild had
the long run for the day, bringing down 25 without a
miss

One extra event was shot off in the twilight and Eventful 2 eee
Geo. Easdale broke 18. The other scores were low, the POT SEES Esitech eeonec hates 10°/ 10 10, tO ie
poor light proving quite a handicap. A detail of five Geo. Easdale ............:c.ccscceeene 8 9 10 &

_ events at 10 birds follows:— ‘ J. MiuReberts )\00.0y sisi, StS aie
1280

Lidsassetedey abt erronte Pita: oe

"LOUBEIB ss Zo hiiidscyusstesvapeeet 10:10) TOG 30
Total
E. G. White (Pro.)............ 9°) 8) Seas 44
Geo. Easdale 9: 8) >a 41
J.M. Roberts .... 8 7) Si 39
Geo. Whites 2)).icncccbaa 9 7. eee 38
H. W. Fairchild ................ 6. 6 | 10ReOnere 37
O.T:.R 7 9: \56QRtaee 37
W. D. 9» 9) 6 eae 36
N. Brownlee 8) 9) \ORearaken es 34
A. Latimer 7. 4 VOR eas 32
C. Merritt 6 3.2 18

Extra—‘‘Twilight Handicap” shoot: Easdale 18,

Ring 13, Fairchild 12, Latimer 11.

Ten shooters faced the traps at the weekly shoot
of the St. Hubert Gun Club at Westboro, Saturday,
Jan. 27th. The first event was the shoot-off of the tie
race in which

of January 20th which proved an excitin
eorge Easdale

J. M. Roberts won over George White,
and O. T. Ring by a margin of 2 birds.
The final scores with handicaps resulted as follows:

Roberts, 21; White, 19; Easdale, 19; ein: 19. ‘
Ten shooters took part in the events. The shooting
showed a general average of 72 per cent. Ted White

H. W. Fairchild, and George Easdale turned in the high
pans for the club spoon handicap competition each

reaking 41 out of 50. J, A. Fletcher featured his
second appearance at the traps by winning the prize
for the day. He got away to a bad start but improved
in the last lap. . Shooting in the third division of Class
C., entitled him to a fifteen bird handicap and this en-
abled him to tie H. W. Fairchild with 44 out of 50,
In the shoot off Fletcher won handily with 19 out of 25
to 14 by Fairchild. ys

The new handicap system as arranged by Field

Captain Fairchild and, adopted by the executive works
out so well that several of the other shooters were out
of the race by one or two birds only. Four event
Club Spoon Shoot as:

FUVOD ER ieee hos terete 1 2 3)

Targets x 10 15 10°15
E. G. White ....... 7 15 7. 12—41
H. W. Fairchild . 9 12 ‘a 13—41
G. Easdale ...... 9 11 8 13—41
J. M. Roberts 9 10 9 12—40
J.B. Bunn 7 12 9 10—38
O. T. Ring ... 9 12 v4 10—38
N. Brownlee Vite 13 8 10—37
Geo. White .... By} 7 7 12—34
J. A. Fletcher peu | 8 6 11—29
JlBallard Wiis £2 te See 3 8 = —ll1

One event at 25 white flyers, to decide tie: JA
Fletcher, 19; George Easdale, 19; Ring, 18; Brown-
lee, 16;Fairchild, 14. -

The cold weather kept the attendance down"at the
St. Hubert traps Feb 10th, only seven gunners turning , ~
up. However, the conditions were not so bad, except
for a west wind which made the targets zig-zag, despite __
which a general average of 70 per cent. was the result
of the shooting. As the required number of ten shoot- :
ers was not on_the grounds, there was no club spoon
competition. Geo. Easdale put a spoon up and won it ©
himself in the shoot-off of the tie with O. T. Ring, each —
having 42 out of 50, handicaps added. f

The features of the afternoon were for the president’s
trophy, H. W. Fairchild’s donation of a case of shells,
and:Jos. Barnaby’s dessert spoons. i PA

Geo. Easdale and O. T. Ring each had a high score ©
of 42 out of 50 on the president’s trophy, the eight best
scores of the year tocount. Geo. Easdale, N. Brownlee _
and O. T. Ring had counters on the case of shells,sothat
ten such scores would entitle them to the prize. A)

Easdale and Monk were leaders on the first shoot for
the dessert spoons, with 77 out of 100; Fletcher and
Roberts were next with 74; Fairchild and Brownlee ~
68. As only seven shooters took part, three teams
only had scores to count. ‘ LN

A detail of the shooting for the day, five events at te:
birds, follows:—

|
:
|
|

6—32
.7—30
a se 3-33

JsA.Fletcher Dy)

veitras to decide tie, shoot off 25 ae ue

Easdale 18 20—38
19 wo —19
—15

Ring
Ge

The fine weather of Saturday afternoon, Feb. 17th
brought half a score of St. Hubert’s gun enthusiasts to
the Westboro traps where some splendid scores were
hung up. : ait

J. B. Bunn shooting in grand form captured the club
spoon and coupled with the veteran shot W. L
Cameron this team were high guns in the special event
for the dessert spoons for the day.

Two Events at 25 Birds.

2 STi he OSE Rr Pas ee 22 21—43
J.M. Roberts ........ eA 22—42
W.L. Cameron ne 21 19—40
H. W. Fairchild .. 20 19—39
W. D. Monk ......... as) 2018 —o8
N. Brownlee ......... .. 18 20—38
Geo. Easdale .......... Ra 20 17—37
O. T. Ring Se AU Ves y
Geo. White 15 22—37
Jno. Collins 18 14—32

The teams and scores with handicaps added in the
special event for the dessert spoons were as aie

Brownlee ...
Fairchild

N. Brownlee
Jno. Collins

Sixteen shooters tried to break clay pigeons over the
Westboro traps, Saturday afternoon, Feb. 24th, but
fell down on the job allow'na 40 per cent. of the birds
to get away. A strong west wind played tricks with
the targets, which some of the gunners thought were
““Dowagiac Minnows’”’ on wings, if the ducking, divin
and wiggling was anything to go by. When suc
veteran shots as Ted White, Blyth Beattie, Geo. Eas-
dale, W. L. Cameron, J. B. Bunn and several others

would be crack shots fall down to 76 and even 50 per»

cent, it would seem time to put away their guns. O.
T. Ring tried to bury his gun in the snow but was
caught in the act and made to continue ending up with
10 out of 25. J. B. Bunn, W. L. Cameron, J. M.
Roberts, H. W. Fairchild and others were playing give
away each ing to see how many they could miss.
The fun and delight at seeing so much consistent poor
shooting was as great as when everyone makes good
scores, All declared they had put in a most enjoyable
afternoon having an alibi viz. the high wind, to explain

_ poor scores.

Geo. White and Bl Beattie were high guns with
38 each, the former taking the club spoon with a handi-
cap. B. Beattie and N. Brownlee each had 21 out of
25 which was indeed good shooting considering con-

ditions. A detail of two events at 25 targets follows:
Geo. White ........ 19 19—38
B. Beattie .... 17—38
Geo. Easdale 19—37
Ted White (pro.) 18—36
N. Brownlee . 21—36
H. W. Fairchild 15—33
J.M. Roberts 5 |
W.L. Cameronz fat
. B. Bunn .... 13—31
.Graham .. 12—29

wr

winning scores on the two man team competition
a es of dessert spoons donated by Mr. Jos. Barnaby.
The conditions called for the two highest scores of three
club spoon shoots. Five teams were out to win these
prizes and the final scores were very close.

These two shooters were popular choice as their
shooting had been top notch throughout.

S. Sherwood and N. Brownlee had counters for the
case of shells. ;

Saturday, March 3rd, was another big day at the
Westboro traps, eighteen gunners taking in the fine
program. The conditions were very favorable, mild,
no wind and fair light. The scores, while not just
the best possible, were better than the previous Satur-
day and this was some satisfaction. Norman Brownlee
was the big noise. His shooting of late has been top-
notched. No less than seven points were placed to his
credit as a result of his-good work Saturday. First, he
carried off the prize for the day nae out of 50 in
the club spoon handicap competition, then a high score
for the President’s trophy. His total score entitles
him to four counters on the case of shells, which also
makes up the required number of ten counters. Unless
some other shooter gets Dass this prize is his. In the
two man team events he holds second place.

Three high guns were turned in, J. M. Roberts, J. B.
Burn and Blyth Beattie, each bagging it out of 50.
“George White was a close second with 40. Four
events were run off, in the competition for the club
spoon a detail of which follows:

Eventsij.u sc ska ee eee 2 3 4

pbargets on ah 15) 10s pares
J. M. Roberts 12 9). ga AE
Jo. Burn) a 13 8 12 41
He Beaten eae 12 9’ ia ae
Geo White 0 ok. 11 9 12 40
Geo. Easdale 12 y ERs A a
N. 14 6. 2S
W. 12 8 sk
W. 12 7 Lees
A. 11 7 14 37
A. 9 7, |) 12S
H. 12 50? Ieee
S: 10 7 9 32
Oo. 12 8 Case
R. er 7 9° 31
me 12 5 VRS
Ci: 9 6 Tne
ai 6 1 Gyan FS
sl Be 3 5 1 6 15
Geavasdale e!i8) 35 5 O32 9." 12/'0Ra3
N. Brownlee .............. 9 12 8° (IO GEsS
ORT ERIn ope oles Ar ky 9 10 — — 19
Goins ye 10 6 6 Dee
H. W. Fairchild 5 — — 10

As the above scores indicate, several shooters had
counters for the case of shells.

The feature events on the card, were for the Presi-
dent’s trophy, the eight highest scores of the season to
be recorded, shooting to take place the first Saturday
of each month. _ The two-man team event, competition
during the month of March, the three best score of club
spoon shoots to be taken also was a great attraction
and proved quite a race for first honors. George
Easdale is donating a pair of dessert spoons to the
winners of these team shoots. Geo. White and S.
Sherwood are aeacine yas 86 out of 100 on the first day
of thetourney. Eight teams entered as follows: /
GO NVDACG i oe seca Corer
S. Sherwood .............. senate
A. Sheppard
A. W. Throop

J. M. Roberts
mS Deel cs BL EET 8 Vesa pa MIN A SONS TRE NT RTE

The following have made scores of 40 or over on the
President's trophy, viz: N. Brownlee 44, George White
43, J. M. Roberts 43, S. Sherwood 42, A. Sheppard ’42,
J. B. Burn 42, B. Beattie 41, W. L. Cameron 40, George
Easdale 40, H. Graham 40.

8 12—
Norman Brownlee and H. W. Fairchild turned in the

¥
4

aed

So ee ee

beginners who will be coached an encouraged
members. ¢
as any gun on the rack is open for use.

: St. Hubert Gun Club held their weekly tournament
March 10th over the Westboro traps, under ideal
weather conditions and as a result hig! class shooting
was the order of the day, several high guns of 80 per
cent. and over being marked up. ‘Ted White showed
the way, causing the scorer to credit him with 73 out of
75, having two straight runs of 24 and 42, just letting
his 25th and 68th birds escape and of one of these he
knocked several feathers out. W. L. Cameron had a
long run of 28 and Blyth Beattie one of 27 straight thus
earning the prize of a shell for each consecutive break.

The real treat of the afternoon was the race for first

lace in the club-spoon handicap competition. Blyth
Beattie and W. L. Cameron had to fight it out in an
extra event both having 48 out of 50. It was no dis-
credit to Mr. Cameron for losing by one bird in the
shoot off, his shooting throughout being of sterling
quality. ‘‘Beat’’ gladdened the hearts of the members
by returning to his old form, his two missed birds were

-s badly dusted and his winning of first honors was a

popular one. J. M. Roberts and Geo. White were out

14 of the race by one bird only, each heaving already won a

spoon. Four events made up the card for the club-

spoon shoot and several shooters made possibles. Ted

: White and C. J. Booth got ’em all in the first event at

10 birds, five others bagging nine. Beattie gathered
15 in event two. While Ted White was the only
straight in event three, several nines were scored.

3 White, Beattie and Cameron finished up on 15 birds
; each, in the lastframe. J. M. Roberts and Geo. White
‘ allowed but one each to get away in this last round.
The shooting on the whcle was betler than usual, a
a) general average of 77 per cent. resulting. }
" Following is a detailed list of the afternoon’s shooting.
4 CLUB SPOON HANDICAP
“Eire ee a a Re 1 PB LT: i
3 Targets oo... 15 10 15
} E. G. White (pro.) .. 14 10 15—49
3 ‘241 272 ee 15 9 15—48
“ W. L. Cameron ........ 13.9 15—46
t, J. M. Roberts .......... 13 9 14—45
Geo. White .............. 12 9 14—44
DE TLNLEPE EG EN 1 2a ene 11 9 13—40
NV PE TEOOD diceic. oo cease rchy secede serve 14 6 11—39
Dh RSS 11123) See a RR RR 9 8 13—39
PIEPESDOWVTLIOE) 22. <cpack sackassccvckssdergcnee 10 9 10—37
SET ES OO 13 .ac27200-06s555 10 6 11—37
Ved £25155 1 eee VS E36
PAO TAN AM oteccs-..ksveseasece 13. 5 12—36
PS PEPSTIG PDS AE Cs coat ccc sects ncsvavadesectorsts 10 6 11—35
UE Sees co ecanoneva-veee 11 §-7 10—35
H. W. Fairchild oe koe ment Wile! (0 os 2
S. Sherwood 8 9 9-32
J. Collins........... 8 6 5—26
TP <18 C11 NE 30 Ie ap eee ae Seat ree 6 5 2 9-22
Extra event at 25 pigeons to decide tie:-—Ted White,

24; Geo. Easdale, 23; B. Beattie, 22; Dr. Smith, 21;
W. L. Cameron, 20; W. H. Fairchild, 17.

The feature of the afternoon was centered in the
doubles, the two-man team race for a pair of dessert
spoons donated by George Easdale for competition
during March—three highest scores handicap added,
of the five club spoon shoots in the month to be taken.

Geo White and S. Sherwood are still leading in the
first two shoots with 176 out of 200. Cameron and
Easdale are running in second place, with 169. Follow-
ing is a detail of the two days’ scores:

Mar. 3. Mar. 10 Total
48

GERTIETON ADU a 44

BESET OOOG sie cccs ovssconnte Socees cosy ice eae 42 42
86 90 176

PV CGATNCTON” 2..2.c.06ccscobccvagevesacteeus 40 48

Beare isthe, 8 53s, i ale 40 41
‘ 80 89. 169

PRPESEOWINCE ooo ce hsnsscseras eesti’ 44 42

(TES a es 37 44
81 86 167

on MLCT Ue 00 a 42 41

PONV EAT OOD) 255201 Soccsc-cecckedocndecsoecoee 39 41
: 81 82 163

20 [ST UETE Re eS 41 48

THIS 8 S11 gol 1 Cs 33 37
74 85 159

ROU PEBESTIINTY 2, So cacosseechsteckhovedupstcadscacbés 43 38

So £ Can Ses ae ee 343) 42

y 4
ty peey, f
i vy

65
H. Graham ...... Koes Savon -vedrosed wih ete
R. L. Cameron ..... sospvan' wb Pad ey nabeleekee ae

i
—

77 baa /

Roberts, Cameron, and Geo. White each had
counters on the case of shells. Booth, Easdale,
Ring had one each.

.
»

D , ‘
and
a
Five Man Team Shoot at St. Thomas. >a
The third five man team shoot of the season was
pulled off at St. Thomas clubs from Tillsonburg, St. :
Thomas and Port Stanley participating. On account
of the St. Thomas team being short two men they were
allowed to use two of London’s best shooters, ie. Day
and J. McCausland. ‘The match was very exciting as
all teams kept close in their shooting but the Port
Stanley team shot steady and won out by one bird.
The weather was very nice and a good crowd was in
attendance. There was also a two man team shoot
and a twenty-five bird sweep. The prizes for the five
man team shoot were one half dozen silver spoons,
Rogers 1847 for each shooter who was in the winning
team. ‘The scores were:
Five Man Tas 4

7
f

SP AWIOM teeetecdsssneectetae
S. Vance

Carry

Two Men Team at 50 Tarégets.
Metall orn 2 erieaieass sieises soredcctsgnge eh eae
McCanee ...........

BOWEL, =k ae
McCausland
Je Daylor) io. aces eee eres

Twenty-five Target Sweep.
BR Day onset iatdacsicskicesecdo gee aban eke ee ee ine eee
J. McCausland tied
McCance

F. Young
J. Taylor

A five-man team shoot for prizes was held at the ~
Springwood Gun Club grounds in London on March ©
5th, in spite of the very stormy weather. Some good
scores were made. Shooters. were present from —
Tillsonburg, St. Thomas and Port Stanley. Tillson- —
burg won by six birds over Port Stanley and Port
Stanley was second with a score of twenty-one birds ~
over St. Thomas. Following are the results at 150
targets each man: en

Tillsonburg.

. Payne ...

J
158 De Viale een iii sae sacks ceadivasasdeneseevenys snecaseqcbate ance nnee ae am

GIF es a ae eee eee oe eee 39
TET GER 1 Si at A ee em aR 40
PLM a Sos eth soc codecs ayecennad nee teievedeces 38
‘i pRB
4 210
St. Thomas.
PRINT RNY 6202 oes ooo 025s cvocoinp coducct cath ves taceenathsouts savese 36
SIE ADNCS ees h cia ce seacccatecceuoulbasdeadequerveceveccdvceys 33
; aw Shy Se eR teh ein ics 34
ILS Sea a eg PU ESD 40
€ SRE AMSROE TONS SPT CIE cars e Se ces ates veto cacueetten sles 37
a —
180
Others—
7D TLE 6S a ORS NR Re ee 40
OR, lea. SOUS oe RE AER 31
(ESTE CELL, 5) nc AY SR Sy RR ea ere Pa ae hy NN 18
The longest run was made by J. Payne ................0... 19
A Glover, second high long run .............ccccccccecseeeeeeeees 17
Mimico Gun Club Defeat the Nationals.
_ The Mimico Gun Club disposed of the Nationals
in the Toronto Interurban Trap-shooters’ League on
the latter’s grounds on Saturday afternoon, March 12
by the score of 219 to 217. Fifty-seven shooters were
in evidence, the best turnout of the season. The match
was a tie for a considerable time, until President
Hutchison decided the issue in favor of the Lake
Shore contingent by breaking 23 birds.
~The league shooting has brought out many old ©
\ shooters from seclusion and is booming the sport con-
siderably. The club’s representatives were: Mimico
—H. R. Winters 23, P. Jermyn 23, J. Leedham 22,
E. Hutchison 22, A. C. Harrison 22, W. Fenton 22,
W. Hughes 22, G. Draw 21, F. Pickering 21, H. Ruck,
21; total, 219. Nationals—J. Murphy 23, B. Pierce
23, Springer 23, Dr. Jordan 23, J. Lawson 22, G. Vivian
22, T. Bennett 21, Waterworth 20, C. B. Harrison 20,
H. Ussher 20; total, 217. The score of the day were:—
Shot at. Broke.
T. W. Jull... ee) 18
G. Vivian ... 100 88
W. Salisbur 45 29
H. Winters . 35 33
J. Murphy . 93 82
E. C. Coath 53 42
B. Pierce....:... dt 40
W. Joselin... 25 20
SUERPSEPERRIS OE ioc 205 cca sseee scveeesedee 50 48
“Ge LD OF 82 61
LL LDNTET 3-1 aR See 50 33
J TRG LT EUS Poe 96 76
0) CTITES CAS oY gS a 50 42
; RUPMBIR RETIN WOT soc ck sc ceeAccc di savacanaocecmcueseeesege 59 37
| DOES TL WON os oo octcckskacasncsasdnectastocccardecuas » 45 35
Cc STO PROUT IU 62 49
IE REWROMPE PITTS 20 dec. ost ccavvecodesuoes snekesudecs 35 24
mR NWECESVOUED 0 F022. 00 c.chccscsncdcesccesdterenese 35 27
LE. TASS ees A Ce ee 101 81
| TED OUEST rae a Ee ee 36 29
MINE TUN RUP ONT ooo os =< <2 Us cs'esaassecteccecstisesesssccesacd 49 42
, PEPE EIIESE eee it Fats Ne eu, hese aes 50 35
(OTE Gara Fa a) oe yi D9 47
7 EF. CELE Oi ary a a oR i ee ae eS 25 20
LTRS TE ET GES a 25 12
H TS) Ge ARNG Ee ee en eI 57 41
LUE PE. AEE A ePID Slee 55 36
eee RN RERT OD Yo Nf 20 u sees ticks nselcbegsbesesaccccies 56 ~ 48
TELL ETCH ES 2ST RES Saree eae 69 ~ 51
Rev. Father Doherty ......../..2..000..ccceecece. 70 41
2 ESTRUS a eel a a SS aera ERS) 25 15
MEET ITEC MINSOM (25200-02505 esssssscdeesacaescecs 50 42
BUEN WE Toot a haere elas Seed cede uetcsrenelccle 45 29
+E TT ET SS Se ane a ee 25 16
Th LS EET eg Ra ae ac 35 29
1) STE Eos STI Rea ee Re Sle Re 60 55
En ie PO RS Rs neal eae en ees 50 39

aap pomgomo

HORN ener een Meee ena e een H nee eee ee en eesee esse sestanssneneeeensneaans

y

Good Scores Made at Stanley Gun Clu

The Stanley Gun Club had a very successful sh
on Saturday afternoon, March 3. Messrs. Ste
and Crompton each made a straight of 25 birds,
scores of 24 out of 25 were quite common. The sco
pA at. Bri

Wet Bughesh ohn k7 ese ee
WaStevenss| 5.0, oasis cae eee 130
IN: Normiant. £252) iceree ee ee 115
AC Eine 2 tne eee Sr eas Ce) 100
Basi Jis Marsha, dates aaa Ae ie, ees 115
RS CP AI ed aC Sal RO a AS LIE EG 75
E. R. en ae sodanimutvsseneserees 125
EXER’ We Salisburyas: one eee 115
We) De mame ein 2 ae 90
BG! Crompton ee oa 100
FeiETGoey, Sie ee ee eae ee 0 ee
SEX Socketty 2 2 A ee oF ey is)
Bohio garth: scaieiws Gnsccectes eae et NC eee 75
A 5g 04 ¢:\ 1 ey RESP eNO ae yay 50
CGS rE D ey ae eta ee ee Ce 50
Peeters Pcl N EO BN, Eben A eae 35
Gaiviasone fis he ee ee Gay 75
Doubles— Pairs
Wai ghes he (eek cs ee Ren fee 1
WeHStevens.).0i0 200 Ve ee Vie eee 27
INTUIN Onna fo acee ee ee een 27
Ars Figg Mey cova c cree aoe ae 12
E. J. Marsh .. 12
DT SR aXe I fo) ea AT 24
E. F. W. Salisbury 24
E. C. Crompton...... avs Y
F. Hogarth........... ace 0 ae
Tower trap— k
Wire tevensn ir. aia ore tae La eee
PEs ERODE tere ware,
INE IN Oxmia nl 62 ae ctckerns 25

Bi
e
QO
=
°
3
uo)
o
°
B
nN
on

Good scores were the feature of the Stanley Gun
Club’s shoot on Saturday afternoon, March 10th.
Mr. J. E. McCurdy, of Sydney, N.S., was one of the —
visiting shooters, making an excellent score of 71 out —
of 75. The following were the scores in the regular

events :— Shot at. Broke. |
2 i CCE a eaiece, ia s ee Nee aaNet is Bro 75 49° ae
NUYS TREN Eee Te EG LN Sea 50 tom
EBS Mathewson oes ee Oe 10 SS itty
RCH OND ies ee els Sis oe ae Sak aa 1, 101
Wet Purley eee a eee eclee ee 100 75
IM ROSS ro eos SS Se ee ahha 100 87
BS Srlobbstann cutee ce eee eee 100 84
INES IN Orma ne ee ee ee ie a 100 91
Repo marth seo May se Sees ee ete 66
WTS Wiainterinctskeckecsscs nonce ee 65 54
phic Curd y 1.33) 20s te ceteahenesnre tee 75 71
BOW Salisbury (n:cokee es 75 59
WCEP IBD es) WU Setar Ute ee ae ea 45 40
Mr. Brown .... 30 27
NV Re Sic ery eee ho at 3 0 ee CaaS 9

208% 25
Some of the members also tried the doubles, with
good results.

Hamilton Gun Club.

There was an unusually large attendance at the
Hamilton Gun club on Saturday, March 12th. The
spring-like weather helped to put a lot of ginger into
the events, with the result there was keen competition
throughout. ‘ i } y

The fourth event in the Klein & Binkley handica
was run off, and M. E. Fletcher moved up and tie
A. Bates with 90 for the leading position. Bates
was two points ahead on the last round. and put on
21 from 19 yards, while Fletcher turned in the tidy
score of 23 from 20 yards. E. H. Sturt with 21 from
20 yards dropped into second place with 86, and M.
E. Goodale with 20 from 18 yards took the third peg
with 85. There are two more events in the series,
and they are going to be worth watching. Fletcher
tied with Court Thomson for the silver spoon given
for high afternoon score in this series and on the shoot
off the former won out 22 to 19.

Nelson Long got the challenge medal away from
C. Graham, who has been the holder of this since last
May. It was necessary to gS two events to decide it,
however, as they tied with 22 on the first, and on the
second Long was successful 24 to 21. E. Harris has
a challenge in, which will be settled at the next shoot.

C. Graham and M. E. Goodale chose teams for a
box of cigars, which resulted in the pickings of the
former winning the smokes by 212 to 192.

7

=. Ue
i ,. at

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y

vee eee oe ee eee

ae Sa SS
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3
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ia
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1284 au <i

H. Lennox had the high total of the afternoon with
91 out of 100. M. E. Goodale was next with 80 out
of 90, and with E. Harris turned in the two only 25
straight scores of the day. T. W. Barnes was there
with 124 out of 140, Bert Smith 66 out of 75, and W.
Marshall 154 out of 175. The members are showing
up in splendid form now that the extreme cold wea-
ther is over, aithoeg™ the handicaps, which are back
as far as 20 yards, keep the scoring down.

h res were:— Total
a aaeaaa K. and B. Shot at. Broke.
het, ae 75 2

J. Hunter .......... 62
LL « ES 100 78
T. W. Barnes. 140 124
M. Goodale 90 80
D. Jones ..... 75 52
N. Lon 165 145
E. Harris.. 75 62
A. Bates .. 50 43
ES A Se 90 75 62
PETAL ITIETALOE). «p2 cc cso sen nsee--0orscenee te 50 31
PERL A SSEREN EG: «<< :iacdiscesvenctndacecseners 86 50 43
RRP TUEATSHAN 5.225. ccdevaseseecoss-cos-sea 81 175 154
BMPR SED tues sy ntsc ensteges@secsenctenss By 75 54
W. Bradshaw..............cs.00.500-.006 ies 75 48
NPE PRSANIGYY 2.2.- Jcustesc~osavornaysesseners one 130 105
ME DTNLGDD oust pccncecnesscksjenass-oceee ee 79 50 42
PUMPPREBIIN YD rte shy cvaccadeessanstacoaerne 71 50 38
SAE Re ees oo icacpsnpesssrventscsevcee 25 19
TAA ict. > ee ee 25 21
BRS EMERNIS ER sek son ora ce c-as-<zacantesueese 75 58
2 TG eee oe 75 47
OT Sty a aS oe 71 75 66
H. 75 40
Cc. 75 64
Braida 25 16
WI PERASDCITY > ...5-1 ccc oseoveecschacencsee 74 50 38
TAS ET eee Se 13 76 175 141
PPO AOEK Sooo) oc cs cn csvasccpsacecuseyocsss5 78 100 91

Hamilton Shooters at Toronto.
The Hamilton Gun Club sent a team down to the
Balmy Beach Club on Saturday, March 12th, to take
od ia the big Red Cross shoot, and it was a success

oth from a sporting and from a financial point of.

view. The Hamilton team were not satisfied with the
regular run of the shoot so challenged a picked team of
seven men to a match. The Hamilton boys won by a
score of 455 against 439. Scores:—

Hamilton— Shot at. Broke.
PMPPRE ERE oo ch <P ES cocoa sabcbcaagdedbonseeeste os 67
W. P. Thomson 75 69
PENNOE).....ccres--- 75 65
C.Thomson 75 65
Dr MAN URES cet a Okc, catcacs dc stidogeatennesosnseckons vie 67
“OTS ee Se ees eee Paes a 75 69
Ee sey SR op eS ee FL a 75 Paes
Balmy Beach—

Gooderham 75 70
Crompton : 75 55
MRINT ERC ie sso esos cs bro sas aspecusadecnetopaeavseneee 75 68
Barren 22 5s, asutas tate raseee es 75 60
“STYLER ST Ee ae eee BE ee 75 55
SLUR RS ae Stee eens 75 62
RU MIATELISS a ysitecasificcos~-cvancesieeansesey eoeeenads 69

75
Spare men were: Shaw, Norman and McGaw.

Balmy Beach Shoot
The regular weekly shoot of the Balmy Beach Gun
Club was held as usual on their grounds, Eastern
Avenue, Saturday, Feb. 24th. A good turnout of
members and their friends were on hand and some good
scores were made. In the spoon shoot, J. G. Shaw, the
boy wonder, was high. The scores:—

Shot at. Broke.
a 3 ES 115 89
Ey GGT) Rate ere eke reas 75 62
AIBA on esc Seec eee caduonuervs 90 59
PRM RIVE GeV oe oo 2a -adt sv a can snp -ouanivocteseeacs 75 64
SUMMITS REED TARE ruck 20-0. eos askacaav sabacconccyvapctemhte 80 68
“By GAS ECT ee ea Ae aOR tere poe + Se 100 82
OV TARAS GTS F572 BS eee ee ee me io 63
SEES INS OSC Ore oR Ra ana rh AB 50 43
PRPC NA ye ey Le statu wtencboeee 55 38
REPRINT MCAT GE OPT s 0 fo, cles ovens ccecasveveccwass cardio 90 61
OBE TALT IS Wee ct fA eck uct ntucsusotacebtcomee 75 42
ET URLSAS US SR es Um ee enn Bre rs 125 102
TROT Ta Cos ee ae A nD 100 72
SITE AS Per ee egy UM URS SE ape caper ane ae 26

DNA te Na CA
The regular S ay n
Gun Club was held on their aie ig Eastern Av
March 3rd. The day was fine for this sport an
good turnout of members and friends were on har
and some good scores were made. ‘The scores:-— _
Shot ro B

Kid McCoy. ...ccscsccsscseesee ER ERG
G.H. Hunter

she cneeeecceacceretsssteeesesetessteseseessess

need ate ee tewenenet erst nsateagt test eeeteeeeeaer ane

Shree eeeeeeeeencesecereeteceresecsresenraseeseeeseee

LUTON SSDP ABEO
= .
2
o
2
re)
wm

Dr.Francis 03... dececs 70
GIFs Pikes.) ee 50 39

The Balmy Béach Gun Club held a very successful
shoot on Saturday, March 10th, in aid of the Red ~
Cross. Half a hundred members and a detachment ~
from Hamilton were on hand. Mr. W.H. Gooderham
was high for the day. Prize winners were: Messrs.
Gooderham, Shaw, Candee, jr., Marsh, Hooey, Francis,
Candee sr., Hunter, Lennox, Thompson, W. P. Goodale, —
Thomson, C. Edwards, Cooey, Jennings, Long. ihe
team from Hamilton shot a picked team and won with
a score of 455 against 439. : vi,

Shot at Broke. _
B..OL Bord iii 2 soni caatun en 85
G. N. Bernard .......... 75 63
I. F. Hodgson .... 75 62°38
W.S. Lansing 75 59
G. M. Dunk. 75 64
C. B. Niles ... 75 40
J.G. Shaw .. 75 67
A.A.Laird . 75 58
T. D. McGaw.. 100 89
W.F. 75 60
C.N. 75 65
JER. 75 58
At V:.. Trimble \3..0-0 sa See 75 59g
GUN. Candee .28000) 6 100 91
W.H 75 71
N. 23 vs
ike 65
ce 62
ve - 5a
J.J. Cline SOs
BH: 54
F_I. 64
A. 66
F. 65
D. 69
P. 61
© Gh st
Ww. 66
W.. \P. Thomson 22:7.4 23k ee ee 75 69
Cc Thomsone oo ena eee ae 7h 65
GP Goodale) 7.203 Sea ee ee eee 75 69
IN. Bong iin: 5 coh Sen ec eine eee 75 69
IR. W. Byonde | 2005S aes ance ee Dy
CPS WDD Ny. Ce eee ge ee peed ee eee hee 75 60 —
W:. Ho Backe 0 eee oe oe sa 75 58
ES. Gromptony ico ee 7D 58
Re Blackest: 2 2 Ue se coe 75 55
FSR e wisi tes ih tee De eG hae 75 49
A. Tomlin 75 60
GY Pike Syl.) Sen) Be ee Ee ee 75 53
J. Jennings 75 69
Brew oo. cthenieds aa heir, pene 75 63
W. Edwards 75 67
IN BL 697. ee ae eee 75 63
i Gatey sine ils Se eee Urn oe Oa 75 67
J. Colborne 75 63
j So) LE et ae eI OCeR Lie ae apo, HE RCH

defeating the Mimico Clu
the Lake Shore grounds by the score of 223 to
The largest crowd of the season was in eviden
some remarkable scores were made, especi

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--—-- Jennings, Ward, Colborne, Winters, Christie, Cooey
and _ Nelson Long of Hamilton, Considerable satis-
er faction was expressed by Harry Winters for his trim-
ss ming of his rabbit-shooting partner, . Browne,
ts the president of the Creeksides. The club representa-
RS tives were: Creeksides—Christie 25, Colborne 24,
Wie Cooey 24, E. Elliott 23, Jennings 23, J. Harrison 22,
rf E. Brown 22, F. Edwards 20. A. Edwards 20, Peterman

7 20, total 223. Mimico—Winters 25, Wolfe 23, Draw
‘93 Rev. Father Doherty 22, Bedwell 22, Ruck 21,

Leedham 20, Ws — 20, J. Kay 20, total 217. The
league standing follows:—
8 af Won. _— Lost.
GEPOOKBIGES. 02 5......cepeccesencseedececesestnatnsensates 3 1
. RNIN PL a= Sah 3 Sk sabes stcates ata aun detneeee 1 2
N tena brace pees sadvendansgustes secgedvanpones 1 2
ary aturday afternoon's scores were:—

mn ; | Shot at. Broke
i MARTE SHR cs cy cok as ick sda opbrmen caste io 45 34
* ERIN TNS 520 cocci cncck hocesinvsaceonesteea@h 90 72
S Poteet PY ae Ps ON TE Sepa ey see 34 ae ee

URMPMMENSST PES e 8 8 ok darg i dona cay vecsatocs esdieote

al eae aan an 50 42
re W. Bedwell ............0000.. 85 70
y Mee PRONMIC <2).:.2.-253..6 By (3) 50
eh ae 50 31
; J. Leedman, jr... 50 43
W. Kay ...... 25 20
{ G. Anstee 65 54
k G. Draw ...... 50 48
i W. Salisbury 25 15
IR may re Ky ase o se vocnstonsalse 25 25
bf, PIERO TES gfe ROI Sided ee ceta eters 90 60
DOCS Ee Eee eee eee 55 46
i Rev. Father Doherty ...............:::ccc:cccees 25 22
; © DS GR a a ec On 25 19
‘a HEM = ETUEGDINISON. 2......02.sccscsvaccecsccectaccenene 25 18
C2 BOR anor eee reg mange 60 41
MMMM TREN EE ie Pes 80S. Soret sucks decelesy soaessaene 88
ee (2S it aR aa eR a rey Sc 31
‘a TELE SATE a A ie 73
MPA RINGTI oe th ete 50
SES ESTOWDE: 1... -occsccscccietes-nacescsscencersnsedeged 44
¢ 0 CDOS ane RE AE DT 28
UMMRMCL ENN) 0502 5 2ke ey nav on he cisaleas ache ea 20
si MMOD MONNG S220 c8<. 6s cxcpcaatvodessaabonodstecase omens 33
zea BSMRESTANBANAS 5.207.255 Sessa yaaa csnstnecte Ne heeeees 20
. (3 CE (EN UL ST7 >. Sue a EERE ES eon ae Ra ONE 28
y Us, LECH Sn GY GRRE Sop eRe pe BR 20
: OLE SUS S Renee eR 25
x LEST IR 5 Ra Sn Ps ena 47
Pp MIQEE oc... Flam OR se kN A Cee NE 29

; W. La Cornu 234
eh H. BE ree i ssie palin eat ete e 22
bi « PRAT INCR LC Ye ce acco aces res laraactaversorne 12
BS ; N.S. Maguire 20
fey BEG ODCY <2. 2a 5cccsetoseceecates 83
re f W. Edwards : 39
SD V@TIUTS ooo. csececeneten ca ececcdenndedac buses 91
__~-J. Chapman 5 9
LA ECL et a EE SP Oe 12
+. Cashmore 13
UREN ORE ET: Deere ooo bc isco ete ratte 12
Ue UGE a ee eee 49
BESTAD GUND AYE ooo ook. si ocat cab ots ouueshoned coe 25 iby)

Creekside Gun Club.

Dy; The Creekside Gun Club showed thirty-one shooters
at its regular weekly meet on Mar.3rd, and again leads
all the city clubs in the matter of attendance. The

_ red and white bird prizes were won by Art Spiller and

Ned Elliott respectively, while Jimmy Colborne won
the president’s award for 25 straight.

The scores:—

Shot at. Broke
04 74
123 102
118 95
106 97
98 79
50 34
41 31
37 23
52 44
53 Al
25 17
36 33
52 46
25 13
25 12
40 26
51 38
25 18
102 73
25 20
46 23
45 34
25 16
38 32

nee nenee

. 1 4
J: La Pronge’...i:'..) juste ots 50 1 eis

The Creekside Gun Club held its weekly shoot on
Saturday afternoon, March 12th, and although the —
scores were lower than usual the enthusiasm was not —
lacking. The scores:— !
ab ne

DGTAN G 595.55 avsnaseiceoe aie Nance eee
BGooley 20h. niet eee
J. Colborne |

J. McBeth ....
H. Peterman
Dr Canning ...
W. La Cornu ...
Ho Briggsz 0 es de ee

Az Spiller.) oo) ci k oe eR BGs ae ae
HiiBrowin .!)o0)h oss ose ie ae
BO BIDOE Reh Oe er

I National Gun Club.

George Vivian and J. Murphy were the bi
at the National’s weekly shoot at Queen’s
Saturday, Feb. 3rd. The scores:—
Shot a

shooters
harf on

Broke.
31

a

Stet eee e ee eenereeeneterarsersstesnseeeeensesenpeneee

Clarke i eke iiccae eee ee
Dunbar 2... 2 .. ae

Rowe

scores :-—

Col\Currany oS 02a ese eae ae
HY PlGlarkey ee ;

J. Murphy
R

G. Wallace .
Anderson ...
Pierce ......
H. Ussher
Jordan Gun Club. x
The Jordan Club held the fifth shoot of the winter
series on Saturday, Feb. 24, and the usual large crowd
was in attendance. : ]
Notwithstanding a strong cross wind which was
blowing some very good scores were made and all en-
joyed a fine afternoon’s sport.

Five members of the newly-organized Smithville —
Gun Club paid the local gun club a friendly visit, and
although new at the game did some very good shooting. _
Those shooting and their scores were as follows:—
Shot on Bes

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‘WE WANT ALLKINDS OF"
_ WEIL PAYS THE MOST

)

WE are paying for Ware

Silver Grey and
Black Foxes, as high as $2000.00. For
Red Foxes, up to $20.00 each. We want
Furs, all kinds of Foxes, Silver Grey, Black,
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and all kinds of Furs. Sell Direct To Us.
We export and supply manufacturers. The
Old Square Deal House, in business for 50years.
Ask your Banker about us. Illus. Trappers Guide Free.

ERE’S a book tha’
every one in- =
terested in outdoorsports should
read— many have said it to be &
worth a permanent place in the
library. Anyway, itis amostinteresting
and helpful book on the sport of angling
—a story that will make any red-blooded
individual’s heart beat livelier. It con-
tains, also, many practical hints on bait
casting as well as valuable information
which will be appreciated by any reader.
We have a copy waiting your name and
address. South Bend Bait Co.
$263 Colfax Ave., South Bend, Indiana

WEIL BROS. & CoO.,
Box F 9 , Fort Wayne, Indiana, U.S. A.

| A Postal’Card Will
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ou want HIGHEST PRICES

Ship all your Raw Furs to us, as we pay highest '
prices, charge no commissions, pay express
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Raw Fur Price List, Trappers Guide,

(in English or French) and Trappers Suppl
Catalog sent free on request. of

JOHN HALLAM, Limited

218 Hallam Building, TORONTO.

THE LARGEST IN OUR LINE IN CANADA,

IFy

Automobile Troubles and.How to Remedy Them

By CHARLES P. ROOT

CONTENTS—Back firing, Blow-back of gas into carburetor, Popping noises, Buzz in
coil (other than contact breaker buzz), clatter and grind in gear box, Compression, faulty,
Compressien, none, Explosions, Irregular or uncertain running, Metallic or puffing noises,
Misfires, Resistance slight when operating starting handle, Start, failure to, Steering er-
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Prices: Flexible Leather.......... $1.50

W. J. TAYLOR, LIMITED, PUBLISHER,

Cloth Binding.......... $1.00

WOODSTOCK, ONT.

a. eee

2 ae
i ar

osm

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Vier ice an! ey Ln

yee ot

ne nen eee neneene

A. Smith
W. Nicholson ...
CiMartin
0 ee

Some excellent: ; scores were made at the regular
shoot of the Jordan Gun Club on Saturday, March
10th, and the usual large crowd of shooters was present.
B. Jones of St. Catharines, along with G. Pinder, H.
Clatterbuck and Fred Hill motored out to the Club
and smashed the clays like a bunch of professionals.

Those shooting and their scores. were as fo llows:

TRADE

The electric motor boat has always met
with favour on account of its noiseless work-
ing and cleanliness. In view of the success
the outboard motor has met with it is not
surprising that an electric outboard motor
has recently been placed on the market.
The high price of gasoline too has further
increased the demand for the electric out-
board motor. The Jewel Electric Co., 112
North 5th Ave., Chicago, Ill. offer an electric
outboard motor which is of particular use in
cases where simplicity of operation is ‘desired.
For duck hunting or trolling a boat fitted
with one of these little motors (which weigh
only fifty pounds, and can be carried over
the shoulder) would be almost ideal. The
company manufacturing this motor has had
many years’ experience in designing electric
propelling devices and storage batteries for
launches and have put this Detachable Row
Boat Motor, The Jewel, on the market only
after careful testing and practical operation
on Lake Michigan. This motor should in-
terest everyone who enjoys the recreation

A curious experience is related by Mr.
Benjamin Westwood of Allcock, Laight &
Westwood Co., 78 Bay Street, Toronto. Mr
Westwood who is president of the well-known
fishing tackle concern mentioned, has not
only a reputation as a manufacturer of rods
that are superior in all details, but is an ex-
perienced and able fisherman. While still
fishing for pickerel in the Canadian North
last summer along with a friend, the friend
hooked a very large sunfish and when bring-
ing him in a large pike struck the sunfish,
taking him in his mouth in the middle of his
back and holding him firmly. Mr. West-
wood then put the landing net under both
fish and landed them safely. The scale

oe: _ weight of the pike was five pounds.

NOTES

of outdoor life on the water. It may be
attached to any rowboat and presto one has
an electrically driven craft indispensable for
outing, boating, fishing or hunting purposes. __
No more tiresome rowing under a burning _
sun, turn the switch and the electric motor 1:3
does the work. oy

The novel Zoological Contest, recently —
advertised throughout Canada by John Hall- —
am, Limited, as to how many hairs were on
a square inch of bear’s skin, is now over.

It is quite remarkable on Jooking over the
prize winners, to see the wide spread interest
this contest received throughout Canada.

The estimates varied from “no hair’? up
to ‘several millions” but the actual : ad
which was on a square inch of bear a
carefully checked, was 10,543.

Cash prizes differing in value from $50 to” ee
$1.00 where mailed to the various winners — zs
who represented practically every Province Pe
in the Dominion. aM

John Carleton of Newark, N.J., writes to
the New York Sun as follows: “I have been —
told that in two instances in Maine during
the last hunting season two deer were killed — hs.
with one shot. Has such a record been sur- — §
passed?” Si

Yes, three deer killed with one shot is” a
recorded in the report of the Massachusetts — ey.
Fish and Game commission for 1912-13-14,
which reads as follows:

“About the year 1830 John Rider of. Pid
mouth killed three deer at one shot in that —

town. It was in a summer season in a rye
field. It was out of season by law to kill .
deer. The Superior court, then in session

in that town, excused the man on the spot,
it being in protection of his standing grai a.”

oh ala ROD AND GUN IN CANADA SES

re ee ee

For Prices

and terms of sale of the fol-
lowing brands apply :—

MAIL ORDER DEPARTMENT

National Breweries Limited

Room 78 36 Chaboillex Square
MONTREAL.

INDIA PALE ALE
CROWN STOUT!
PALE BITTER ALE
DOUBLE STOUT
MALT EXTRACT

Dawes

EXTRA INDIA PALE ALE
BLACK HORSE ALE
EXTRA STOUT
BLACK HORSE PORTER
Lagers:—KINGSBEER CLUB SPEC-
IAL, HOMEBREW.

EKERS

INDIA PALE ALE
PORTER
BOHEMIAN LAGER

The above goods are all full
strength and are supplied to
consumers direct from the
Brewery ONLY in localities

| where no licensed traders
reside.

Tells “Baby Crab” Wigegler
Secrets

HEN the House of Heddon originated
and brought out the pioneer wiggling
bait ten years ago, we started something,

And now we have fin-
ished it—in our 1917
Baby Crab Wiggler. We
thought it perfect before,
but now we have ultra
perfection.

This bait, traveling
backward like a live crab,
is today fish-sure, snag-
less, 98% weedless—and
casts like a bullet.

Here’s the basic prin-
ciple that we realized and
utilized—that the hooks

ee y
OLaa Heddon
ny aw ea | approach the weeds from

a forward parallel di-
rection, whereas the strike comes from the opposite
angle sidewise or rearward. Hence the possibility
of guarding from the front and not the rear—

weedless but not fishless.

It , works. Baby Crab
rides at a tipped-down an-
gle, the body and patented
weed-protecting collar
shunting off the obstructions, ;/
yet leaving the double barbs €
wide open to the strike. <

Wire guarded hooks are
all right for spoon, bucktail
or pork rind but not on
wooden baits because the
fish hits the wood first, and, unless the barbs
are exposed, swings the hook aside.

Wiggle? Baby Crab has the most _Pronounced
wiggling movement you ever saw in a bait—
minus the excessive water resistance that tires
you so with others. And no freak body-curva-
tures to destroy your casting aim.

So your Baby Crab is in the water more—you
plant it fearlessly in just, the haunts where the
game fish are—and you’re practically certain
of every strike.

Think what this perfection means to you.

90 cents we get for it—prepaid, in imitation
crab or any standard color. Or if a dollar is
easier to send, we return change or include extra
hooks—as you please. Or for $3.00 you get
four Babies—pick your colors—value $3.60.

Better get our circular and. Free Art Book
of all the Heddon things for anglers. Address
James Heddon’s Sons, Box. pene

Dowagiac, Mich. VK = ies
Fi hy

FHiow collar
and body turn
ee aside
ut leave Y

hooks open tr;
the stribe

Gost:

tee bee ze

OA, how it wiggles!

THE ESSEX COUNTY WILD LIFE
CONSERVATION ASSOCIATION >

joint meeting of the North and South

Essex Branches of the Ontario Forest

Fish and Game Protective Association
was held in the Council Chamber of the Town
Hall, Leamington, Ontario, at 1:00 p.m.
Monday, February 12th, for the purpose of
amalgamating the two associations into one
association.

A large and representative gathering was
present including a number of farmers who
expressed their views on Game Conservation
matters. The question of Game Sancturaies
was presented by Mr. E. R. Kerr of Walker-
ville who received a very attentive hearing,
When this matter had been concluded, the
Chairman, Mr. Winter, called for the pay-
ment of dues and extended an invitation to
the farmers present to join the association
and, thus, protect their interests. A number
responded and their names were enrolled.

Upon motion by Mr. J. T. Miner, seconded
by Mr. Geo. Jackson, the decision of the
gathering was that the new Association be
known as the Essex County Wild Life Con-
servation Association and that the rules and
constitution of the Ontario Forest, Fish and
Game Protective Association be adopted by
this association.

The next procedure consisted of discussion
of a proposal submitted by Mr. Kerr that the
association create an Advisory Board con-
sisting of the following gentlemen:—Dr. C.
Gordon Hewitt, Ottawa, Ont.,./Dr. W. T.
Hornaday, New York, N. Y., Mr. J. W. Crow,
Guelph, Ontario, and Mr. A. Sheriff, Toronto
Ontario, and the unanimous decision was that
the association create an Honorary Advisory
Board, consisting of the following:—President,
Dr. C. Gordon Hewitt, Ottawa, Ont. Dr.
W. T. Hornaday, New York, N. Y., J. W.
Crow, Guelph, Ontario, A. Sheriff, Toronto,
Ont.

Nominations for President were called for
with the result that none present would

1290

Be)

oppose Mr. F. H. Conover, Leamington, who
was elected by acclamation, and will be
supported by the following:—1st Vice-Pres.—
Mr. John T. Miner, Kingsville, Ont., 2nd
Vice-Pres.—Mr. Arthur B. Drake, Windsor,
Ontario.

Following this Mr. Kerr nominated Mr.
F. S. Moss for the position of Secretary-
Treasurer. Mr. Ed. Winter, supported by
Mr. T. J. Miner named Mr. E. R. Kerr of
Walkerville. Mr. Moss addressed the meet-
ing and intimated that business pressure would
not enable him to accept the honor and with-
drew. This occasioned a call for more nomina-
tions and as no one responded Mr. Kerr was.
the unanimous choice.

Mr. Kerr, in behalf of North Essex pre-
sented the names of seven citizens whom he
guaranteed as live-wires in game conservation,
and upon the strength of this the meeting
agreed to his naming the following, to con-
stitute the North Essex. Executive:—

-CGhairman—Mr. T. S. Biggar, Walkervllle.
Ont., Mr. Alfred Miers, Walkerville, Ont,, ©
Mr. A. W. Reid, Walkerville, Ont., Mr. N. K.
Cornwall, Walkerville, Ont., Mr. A. Jensen
Walkerville, Ont., Mr. W. P. Smith, Sand-
wich, Ont., Mr. A. Luxford, Walkerville, Ont. -

Eleven gentlemen were nominated for the
South Essex Executive and the ballot revealed
the following :—

Chairman—Mr. F. S. Moss, Mr. C.vA.
Cullen, Mr. Geo. Wiper, Mr. Wallace Tilden
Mr. J. Hancock, Mr. Ed..Winter, Dr. J..E. .
Jenner.

The following Platform and Aim were
submitted and adopted and the hope ex-
pressed that other associations would follow
along these lines.

~ OUR PLATFORM

1 We stand for vigorous enforcement
the Ontario Game Laws.

FISHING TACKLE THAT STA

NDS THE TEST

ORVIS RODS
REELS, FLIES, MINNOW TRAPS

Special Four Ounce Fly Rod Now Ready
For Delivery.

Not the Cheapest but the Best Is Our Motto.

CHARLES F. @RVIS CO., MANCHESTER, VT.

Catalogue on Request. Mention R

Mauser-Springfield Repeating Rifle 7.65m/m
(calibre 30) long range wins gauge rear sight.

Cartridges loaded from clip. Safety lock all in fine order.
with 200 German Hipower Smokeless Cartridges with steel covered bullets.

Magazine holds 5
Offered
Rifle

4 i iai (ready
d@ Cartridges all fer $19.85. Free Circular. 1917 Cyclopedia illustrated catalor
| Shout May). S0e mailed, 428 pages. FRANCIS BANNERMAN, 501 B’WAY, N.Y. |

The MAP shows How—

But the COMPASS shows Where.

Every Outdoor Man Needs a

LEEDAWL COMPASS

The only Guaranteed Jeweled Compass at $1.00.
Ask yourjdealer. If you can’t get it, send
direct to us.

$JOO LERDAYE ¢

Wot on
hudant

ROOKS’ APPLIANCE,

the modern, scientific
invention, the wonderful
new discovery that cures
rupture will be sent on
trial. No obnoxious
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automatic Air Cushions.
Binds and draws the
broken parts together as
you would a broken limb.
No salves. No lies. Dura-
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to prove it. Protected by
U.S. Patents. Catalogand
measure blanks mailed
free. Send nameand ad-
dress today.

Don’t Wear a Truss

New and

re-built

motors,
propellers

cutwaters
and
supplies.

MARINE
MOTORS

more power =

Write for
Ca talog M

Foreman Motor & Machine Co., Ltd., Toronto, Can.

fess fuel

Bass, Trout

Salmon
Can’t Break the

Joe Welsh
Leader

It Has No Knots
Nor Splices

The Joe Welsh one-piece leader comes in five sizes,
with breaking strengths from 4 to 30 pounds. Four-
pound size landed 934 Ib. salmon. _Fifteen-pound
size withstood strain of 18 pounds after being soak-
ed 48 hours. Sportsmen write fish take lures on this
leader when refusing them on other leaders. It
casts no reflected light. Thousands sold, Alaska to
Florida, and not one complaint. Scores of enthusi-
astic letters highly praise the Joe Welsh leader. If
your dealer cannot supply you, send this ad. and 25
cents for 3-foot sample. Six feet, 50 cents; 9 feet,
75 ne The genuine always comes in a registered
packet.

Joe Wels

oberfsors Original
Telarafia Nova’

\\ No Knots - No Splices} /
NN Strong. Durable, UY
Invisible. iy

Registered in U.S-, Great
Britain and Canada.

Sole Agent U. S. and Canada.
Pasadena, Cal.

ET ORT ©

; Mink, Skunk, “Coon,” Rabbits, etc.,

with

A Di e brings Illustrated Trappers’

im Guide. It tells how. Giving
the first time in print the treasured secrets of
the wisest old trappers in this country, it’s

worth dollars to you.
TRAPPERS’ SUPPLY CO.
OAK PARK, ILL.:

BOX Cc. _— - ; =

CANADIAN BLACKBIRD TARGETS—
Yellow or white bands, five-fifty per thousand.
All black, five-twenty-five per thousand. Closer
prices in lots over five thousand. Also Western
Automatic and Export Traps. Nelson Long,
Hamilton, Ontario.

5 eda ie coat ae | eh ra ee eee | Me Lean y haad hg
* A UB RUA AIL oe eae i
1292 ~RODA D GUN NADA En

2 We stand for the Federal Migratory Bird

Law.
3 We stand for co-operation with the
J farmer and stockmen in a systematic cam-

paign against the predatory animals.

We stand for such an increase in game
and fish as will furnish legitimate sport for
every citizen and a new material source of
ay wealth for Ontario.

5 We are pledged individually and col-
lectively to observe the letter of the law and
the spirit of good sportsmanship and citizen-

ship, and to report for prosecution, through
‘ and in the name of the association, violations
of the law which come to our notice.
6 We stand for the Sanctuary Plan.

OUR AIM

The Aim and purpose of this association
. is to promote the protection and enjoyment
of wild things. As the cone scatters the seeds
"i of the pine and fir tree, so may we scatter the
seeds of wisdom and understanding among
men, to the end that every citizen may learn
to hold the lives of harmless wild creatures as
a public trust for human good, against the
z abuse of which he stands personally re-
% sponsible. Thus, and thus only, will our wild
z : life be conserved. Be this not done, and that
5 quickly, it must forever vanish from the earth.
mae The following resolutions were presented
ft, and adopted.
at 1 Moved by Mr. E. Winter, seconded by

>. *
P- *

: Mr. F. S. Moss that the Secretary proceed
ia with the printing of necessary stationerv for
_____ the business of the Association. Carried.
2 Moved by Mr. C. Cullen, seconded by
Mr. Tilden, that the Secretary mail proof of
letter-head to President previous to printing
quant ty required. Carried

3 At this point a very strong discussion,
among the farmers present took place, as to
why Point Pelee and suggested territory was
not set aside at once to protect the game birds
at present within the proposed boundaries.
Mr. Kerr intimated that on account of the
war and the heavy drain upon the treasury
of the government, there was little hope of
such a thing at this time, but that if the
farmers in the close vicinity of the area would
guarantee the protection of the area, he would
gladly place a resolution before the Game and
Fisheries Department and recommend that
immediate action be taken. The following
resolution was put:

—wiier a
. . i i}

i) qe ae
3 Wtoved by Mr. radon a sebondel am Mr,
Wiper that the Secretary write the Sait.
ment of Game and Fisheries, Toronto, -
Ontario, and advise the immediate closing of
same as a Government Bird and Game
Sanctuary in order that the present suppl, of
game birds be maintained and increased.
That the farmers in the vicinity of the pro-
posed area guarantee protection, free of charge
until the government can afford to maintain
a Ranger or Game-Keeper and introduce
species from the Miner area. That present
Cotton-tail law be maintained and that
destruction of domestic cats, within the area,
be permitted. Carried.
4 Prohibit the killing of ROBINS at any
time.
5 Five year closed season for WOOD-
DUCK.
6 Three year closed season for BLACK,
GREY and FOX SQUIRRELS.
7 Continued closed season for QUAIL in
order that same will not be killed at any
time.
8 That DUCK season date from October |
1st to December 31st in the South Western
zone.
9 That the killing or taking of Muskrat on
Point Pelee Government marshes be pro-
hibited for two years.
10 To limit one gun per man in Duck
blinds.
11 That daily bag limit of 15 be placed on
Ducks and a season kill limited to 100. ;
12 That daily bag limit of 3 be placed on
Geese and a season kill limited to 25.
13 That breeding of feathered game for
domestic economic purpose be permitted,
with privilege of the markets, under license. _

The above resolutions were read three
times. Carried.

Moved by Mr. Jackson, seconded by Mr.
Tilden that a vote of thanks be tendered
Messrs. F. Stotts, Dr. Sloane, Mr. Gardiner
and Mr. R. Forster for placing a number of
semi-domestic deer on Point Pelee and that
the association request similar action by the
Game and Fisheries Department this year.
Carried. |

Moved by Mr. Jackson, seconded by Mr.
Tilden that a vote of thanks be tendered Mr.
Kerr for his instructive address on the
Sanctuary Plan. Carried. i
Edw. R. Kerr,

esi
Secretary-Treasurer.
: ‘eu

hel

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meg

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eit <a cnn ii AT UA
| OPEN METHOD OF SKINNING

J. S. Hicks

N open skinning, several methods of
; ripping are followed. In the case of the
beaver rip from the lower lip to the tail,
and cut around the tail and legs. These
are all the cuts that should be made in the
skin but the beginner wiil probably make a
few more for it is all knife work, and let me
tell you, it takes a knife with a very thin
keen edge to skin a beaver properly.

Start the skin along the belly, and hold-
ing it tight with one hand, use the knife with
the other, bringing the skin away clean of

flesh and’fat. Keep the knife blade nearly
flat with the skin and the rest is a matter
i of practice.
Beaver are either tacked on a board made
by nailing together a number of stakes about
: three feet long, or laced in a hoop.
. Our Indian method is to take two pieces
hk. of sapling about six feet in length, tie both
g ends together and spread to the desired
q width, using crosspieces as spreaders. The
: skin is laced in this with strips of willow bark,
: and should be oval in shape.
; In stretching first make fast the head
: with three or four strings (these are passed
through slits cut near the edge of the hide)
treat the tail in like manner, then take up
each side about the middle; next a few strings
half way tothe head, and the same towards
the_tail end. The pelt is now roughly the
correct shape. Lace up the vacant spaces
at intervals of not more than an inch and a
_ half and if the first strings have not been
_ drawn too tight, you will have an even stretch
all round.

In ripping bear a different method is fol-
lowed. In this case begin at the lower lip,
or the throat, (if the skull is to be mounted)

and rip to the tip of the tail. Starting at
_ the heel, follow the edge of the heavy fur,
and cross the first cut about three inches
from the root of the tail. When the hind
legs are ripped, take a forefoot, beginning
____at the palm, and run just inside the elbow,

SS passing behind the thinly furred patch in the

_ armpit, and straight across to the first cut.

roughly, and cut the ears close to the head.

1294 ug

The thin patch 1s thus thrown to the front
and should be trimmed away, otherwise the
fore feet cannot be brought to the correct
position The accompanying sketch will give
an idea of how a bear skinned in this manner
should look when stretched. If the skin is
to be laced in a frame, it should first be spread
on the ground and arranged in the proper
shape, then laced back of the fore legs, and
along the neck; the tail is also laced between.
the two corners at the lower edge of the hide
and thus becomes a part of the pelage. To
clean a heavy bear-skin is by no means an
easy task. The skin on the neck and shoul-
ders of a large grizziy is of almost unbeliev-
able thickness, and must be carefully dressed
down. Much of this, I believe, is cutaneous
muscle—I have heard it called other names—
and a knife must be in perfect shape to do
anything with it. The best plan I have
found is to unjoint the feet when the legs
are skinned. Then skin as cleanly as possible
until the heavy part is reached: take this off

Make a neat job of the eyes, nose and lips
and pack the skin -to camp. Then after —
fortifying the inner man, and honing and ~
strapping the skinning knife to a razor-like
edge, take the skin across the knees, and spend —
the remainder of the day in the most tedious ©
and exasperating labor a man ever tackle

aT

iw « &
ware pee ve

cal

is a born
woodsman or
trapper ....

There is always something
more to learn.”

“Those who seek to be trappers today must in a measure, at least,
emulate the old-timers’ ways, and, profiting by the experience of others,
learn even to avoid their failures, yet achieve their successes. Life
is too short for universal personal experiment; the successful man
of today is the one who profits by the experience of others—reaps
a harvest or reward.”

>

eters TON SISNET TCC cal Ca] GaGa] CTC CONC TOCA

r
~~

om
‘wd

a wisi AADAAAABAGBa Be

The above is an extract
from Buzzacott’s second
volume, and all who
have read his ‘“Sports-
man’s Guide” know that
Buzzacott is the premier
writer of the great out-
doors.

Buzzacott’s

Masterpiece

In this book, Buzzacott
shows you how to avoid
others’ failures, and
achieve success where
failure would be certain
had you not this master-
sportsman’s experience
within your reach.

SPECIAL OFFERS — GET THIS BOOK FREE

By a special arrangement with the

ublishers of this great book we are en-

abled to make the following exceptional. d ffers. These offers are made for a limit-
ed time and we advise everyone who wishes the pos to take advantage of them

at once.

OFFER A

BUZZACOTT’S MASTERPIECE, Full Gilt Library Edition,
sent to any address in Canada, the United States or Great Britain,
Postpaid, for $1.75.

OFFER B

BUZZACOTT’S MASTERPIECE, together with an annual
SS ae to Rod and Gun, either new or renewal, postpaid,

OFFER C

BUZZACOTT’S MASTERPIECE, will be sent free to any-
one sending two new annual subscriptions to Rod and Gun, at
the regular subscription price, $1.50 per annum. Your own
subscription and that of one of your friends will be accepted.

ADDRESS

W. J. TAYLOR, Limited, PUBLISHER, WOODSTOCK, ONT.

=

JEL ERe MR RSS SERRE

=

dana

PAB Ae Osea sa SASS

Oe

ake

——

ee

_ the West.

isgO <> boy ~~

Finally skin out the ears and feet and the
hide is ready to stretch.

The plea of iacing in a frame is good enough
for skins intended for the trade, but fine
skins suitable for mounting as rugs should,
if possible, be stretched in a different manner.
The stretcher I prefer is made by splitting
out two boards seven to ten feet long and

-three or four others, six or seven feet in length.

Lay the long boards out nearly the width of
the skin apart, nail a short board across the
end to catch the back part of the hide, an-
other to support the skin just back of the
fore legs, and the others from there to the
head.

If the skull is to be mounted, a head piece
should be made. This should approximate
in size and shape the head of the animal, and
should be split laterally, the part correspond-
ing to the lower jaw being nailed firmly to
the head end of the stretcher. A couple of

tats ahd sel Gn

of the head piece will save ouble “fe a

The skin is fastened to the stretcher with :
small nails, first bringing it roughly to the —
correct shape. When the skin is stretched
treat it to a liberal application of the salt,
alum, and borax solution, paying particular
attention to the ears, and stand it up to dry.
After drying for a couple of days go over it
with a steel scraper, a tool about three inches
wide, with rounded corners, the edge ground
at an angle of about 80 and again apply
the solution. This operation should be re-
peated a number of times, as the more pliable
the skin becomes the more lifelike the fur
will appear.

The skin of the wolverine should be handled
in much the same manner as the bear, except
that the hind legs should be split to the tail
as in other fur bearers.

Letter from An Albertan
MacLeod, Feb. 8th, 1917.
Dear Sir:—

I have read with pleasure articles appear-
ing in Rod and Gun regarding distruction of
game. I cannot speak for the Eastern game
destroyer, having lived here in the West for
the last thirty-five years, but I do think I
know a little of the conditions existing out
here.

There is no doubt whatever that the eagle,
some hawks, and the crow are great enemies
of all other birds as well as a few persons
such as pot hunters and egg gatherers but

_ the worst of the bad ones in this country is

the Magpie. This bird is too well known
to need introduction. It will be enough
simply to say that he is known all over the
world and readily introduces himself to every
home of man, bird or beast and wherever
he calls his ravages are in evidence.

‘I believe that this bird of the “‘Corvidae”
family is the greatest enemy to small game in
Some years ago this country had
game in abundance and very few Magpies.

1. have

Now game is interestingly scarce.
noticed in the last ten years that as the
Magpie became more plentiful the game
became correspondingly scarcer.

From my experience in hunting I find that
a person cannot leave a bird where the Mag-
pie can get to it without its being so mutilated

that it becomes worthless. I have known
him to come into hencoops right here in the
town and destroy or take away eggs. If
they will do this what would happen to the
wild bird’s eggs? I have known of Magpies’
nests being discovered in which were found
all sorts of things, even money and rings;
and once a watch was taken from a nest by
some school boys playing in the bush. These
birds are rapidly on the increase and should
be attended to. —

There are lots of ways and means to rid
the country of these pirates but none appears
to me to be so easy as the use of poison.
Some years ago a gentleman here was man-
aging a butcher business and the slaughter
house was close to where he lived. Near by
there was a wooded place of considerable

Decide to spend your long antici- |}

pated outing where gamey fish —

tax your utmost cunning and |}

suspect your most tempting bait. |]

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ARE MOST CONVENIENTLY SERVED BY Canty megan

OF THE CANADIAN NORTHERN.
The prospective fisherman will do well to consult our nreniselt illustrated
booklet, ““WHERE TO FISH AND HUNT”, containing descriptions of |
over 500 excellent fishing Lakes and Streams between the Laurentians {ff
and the Rockies. a |

\

General Passenger Dept, Toronto, Ont.; Montreal, Que. or Winnipeg, Man. H
\

High Class

eeshce | SPORTING OR TRENCH |
BOOTS

Stands They are being worn in the trenches
now, giving complete satisfaction. —
The Wear Our 309 Special is MADE BY HAND, on
a Boot-shaped Last, with patent stiffened
an d heel. SOLID COMFORT AND DRY
FEET INSURED.
Tear of PRICE $15 PER PAIR NET
Give following measurements:—
The 1. Length of foot, or size of ordinary boot worn.
2. Height required: 16 inch is regular height from sole of foot.

3. Size of calf. 4. Size of ankle.

Trenches | peat BROS, Limited |

a 52 Wellington St. East, TORONTO, Ont.

extent and these birds congregated there to
prey on the offal of the killed. They became
such a nuisance that the manager determined
to try and get rid of them and towards this
end he requested a lot of gun-men to go there
and shoot the birds. Well, they killed a lot
at some expense but the magpies grew thicker
and thicker; more and more came to the
feast. After several consultations it was
decided to use poison. The question that
then presented itself was how to use the
poison without injuring other things. After
some attempts’ an idea was agreed upon
which worked out well. A small and old tin
box was taken, a small hole made in the
unopened side and the bait was wired with
several small wires inserted through the hole
and fastened, the box then being placed on a
fence post, building or any place where the
domestic birds would not get at it. It was
not a week before the Magpies were few and
far between. For years we would hunt
for weeks, and not see one in that part of
the country. In the meantime game became
more and more plentiful year after year.
But alas the pest came back after a time
and now we have Magpies galore and few
chicken.

I have suggested this method to a number
of leading men in this country and they all
agree that it looks good but alas there is
nothing done. Game laws are changed from
time to time, so frequently, one has to have
a full set of Acts to know what he is entitled
to. The bags allowed have been lessoned
year after year and all restrictions are placed
on the hunter and yet the game is each year
less than the year before and the Magpie is
more numerous each year. The Govern-
ment provides poison for the farmers to poison
gophers and in so doing spends thousands of
dollars trying to get rid of that pest but the
Game Act is silent as to the use of methods
_ to be adapted to rid the country of thiscause
____ of the scarcity of small game.

: Yours truly,
Joseph Hicks.

os McLeod, Alta.

Coming to Canada

I have been trying for some time to find
out how I can get up in the Northwestern
__~ Territories some place. above Fort Churchill.
I would like to spend four or five months
in the woods leaving here in August or Sep-
tember. I would like to hunt and trap,
so could you tell me what the hunting and
trapping license is.
es I know I would have to go by boat so will

you kindly tell me what boat runs up in

ibere and if you ¢ can the id Oe he run and |
their fare and freight charges. Me a af

If you can give me this information or as
refer me to somebody who can, I will 44 very is
thankful to you. -

Wishing you and the “Rod and Gun” ‘a
book the best year ever, I remain, -
Yours truly,

Ay Jet

Wilkes-Barre, Pa.

Note.—Fort Churchill being on the Hudson
Bay in the North-West Territories, informa- —
tion relating to open seasons and game licenses
can be obtained from the Department of the
Interior, Ottawa. Enquiry might be made
from the Department of Marine & Fisheries,
Ottawa, as to what dates Government, or
other steamers, may be going into the Hudson
Bay, as it would certainly be a much more ~
suitable way to get into the Hudson Bay via., —
the Atlantic Ocean and Hudson Strait, than
to go overland, that is in the event of boats”
sailing at suitable-dates. Of course if you
were not coming out before October or No-
vember it might be possible that you would
have to come out by way of The Pas on the
line of the Hudson Bay Railway, from this
point there is railway connection with Winni-
peg. In the event of not being able to make
arrangements to go by boat, I would certainly
recommend going via., Winnipeg, The Pas,
the Hudson Bay Railway and canoe, down
the Nelson river and up the coast line to
Fort Churchill. Indian guides could be
obtained at any of these places. Arrange- —
ments might be made with the Hudson’s -
Bay Company at Winnipeg to deliver your
party with baggage at Fort Churchill and
to provide guides from there on. In any
event the information desired relating to
open seasons and licenses can be obtained ~
from Ottawa. Be?)

Hawks As Pigeon Thiefs.

Editor, ROD AND GUN:—
Money to renew my subscription to Red
and Gun is enclosed herewith and in addition _
I would like to ask for information from
some of our readers as regards the following:
I have some pigeons that are doomed to be ~
victims to the hawks, which carry them off rh
occasionally. The pigeons are kept in a
house only a few ‘yards from our dwelling —
house but this seems to have but little in-
fluence over the hawks. Is there any bird —
that can be kept with the pigeons or near
them that would put an end to this? Thank-
ing you for valuable space, - at
Yours truly, J. 1. P.

Ate fee
ae

te

‘ complish this we make the following generous offers.

For One New Subscription

A single action, raised pillar, rivetted
brass reel with click, 80 yds.; A Standard
waterproof Bass Line, 10 yds.; A Mackerel
waterproof line, 25 feet; A Kelso Pearl
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Guard; A Williams’ Battery Switch; A
Finger Grip for fishing rods; A Fish Hook
for Frog Bait; Two Rubber Grips for fish-
ing rods; A Matchless Cigar Lighter.

For Two New Subscriptions

A Betzler & Wilson Fountain Pen; A
copy of ‘‘Radford’s Garages and How to
Build Them’; A Vest Pocket Flashlight;
A Stag Brand Landing Ring; A copy of
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for trappers about these and other home
made traps; A Copy of Canadian Wilds,
tells about the Hudson’s Bay Co., Nor-
thern Indians and their modes of hunting,
trapping, etc.; A Copy of Steel Traps,
describes the various makes, and tells how
to use them, also chapters on care of pelts;
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shoot; A copy of Mink Trapping—Gives
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animals, their nature, habits and distribu-
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capture; A copy of Fur Farming—A book
of information on raising Furbearing ani-
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feeding, habits, care, etc.; A Grease Gun
manufactured by Miller & Starr; An Oil
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Razor Safety; An American Pedome-
ter—Regulates to step and registers exact
_ distances; A copy of The Camper’s Own

Book (cloth); A copy of ‘Motor Craft
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Black and Silver Foxes’—Contains chap-
ters on Heredity, Origin, Breeding, Mating
and Gestation, Pens and Dens, Food and
Feeding, Food and Care, Value.

For Three New Subscriptions
A Landing Net manufactured by All-
cock, Laight & Westwood; A Line Drying
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Crow Decoys, A New Wonder Flashlight.

Address

manufactured by Canadian Electric No-
velty Co., Toronto. Case made of metal
covered with leatherette; One half dozen
Stag Brand Rubber Frogs or Froggies;
One of Walter’s hand-made axes, handled.
Length of handle, 14 inches; A copy of
Camp Kits and Camp Life.

For Four New Subscriptions
A pipe—HBB brand; An Automatic
Razor Stropper; A copy of Modern Sport-
ing Gunnery. B,!

For Five New Subscriptions
A Tobin Boy Scout Rifle—22 calibre,
short, long or rifle cartridges. Barrel 22
in. long, weight 334 pounds.

For Six New Subscriptions
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ottle.

For Seven New Subscriptions
ai 10 ft. Fly Rod; A Younger Willow
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For Eight New Subscriptions
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For Ten New Subscriptions
A Frost Improved Kelso Automatic Reel,
capacity 100 yards.

For Twelve New Subscriptions
A Stevens Favorite No. 17 Rifle; One
dozen Cleveland Battery Connectors.

For Thirteen New Subscriptions
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For Fifteen New Subscriptions
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For Seventeen New Subscriptions
A Pair of ‘“‘Witch Elk” Hunting Boots.

For Twenty-five New Subscriptions
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The subscription price of ROD AND
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Subscription Dept, Rod and Gun in Canada, Woodstock, Ont.

We are desirous of adding 1000 new subscriptions to our lists and in order to ac he

LP. { Py s a J )
“ INF "ao y aS Se
> — ‘ i* eine a oe ay o% . a 5 zt

er * Py, me en

feats <o% fr » ea

di _ Some ition of New naan ‘athe id
Laws. }

Editor, ROD AND GUN:—
Can you not use your influence to have the
hunting season shortened in New Brunswick?

I would like to see the season shortened by
thirty days. Instead of opening September
15th why not make it open October 15th,
WA having the closing day the same as at present,
namely November 30th. That would cut
out the calling season and it would not be so
easy for the natives to shoot them down like
cows in a barn-yard and market them as they
did this Fall. I hunted in New Brunswick
during the past season and for three seasons
__ preceding and this last fall I noticed a great
shortage of bulls. Four of us managed to
- get two moose in fifteen days and they were
the only ones that were seen. Other years

we could always see young bulls with one
and two points but this Fall they were not
to beseen. I was told that there were thirty-
two bulls shipped out of the part of the coun-
try where we were hunting before we got there
which was on November 5th. At one point
along the line where we changed cars for
the last time there was more than a wagon
load of moose hides came in that same day.

I was told that some of the natives were kill-

ing cow moose and shipping them to St. John

to market. We saw a good many cows and

found one cow moose shot down and not a

pound of meat taken from it.

Another point of the Game Laws which I

think is unjust is the restriction that provides
that a bull moose must have three points
four incheslong. In the Fall of 1913 a native
of the United States saw a bull after a two
weeks’ hunt and seeing three points shot it.
When he went to it there were only two points
on the other side. ‘It was a nice big black
bull with an extra long bell and he thought
_ it better to take it out than to leave it lying

_ there to rot, so instead of leaving it and kill-
; ing another he acted like a true sportsman,

I maintain, and took it out but he only got
it as far as St. John when he was fined $100
Bs ; and the moose was taken away.
Yours truly,

“4 rs Pennsylvania. L. A.

re if i ;
Ty ee ee OEY We
Wy, S wer ae ‘a clive U1 ov
— 5 1-4 ts rs
Editor, ROD AND GUN:— _ z

Enclosed find my subscription | toR a keel
Gun which comes Races to hand every z

month.

The article on the destruction to game ar
other birds by crows, or to give them their
right name“‘ravens,”’ is timely, and to prove
the correctness of the position taken by the
writer I may say that a year or two ago I
photographed a ptarmigan’s nest and eggs. —
The picture was a perfect one. (The nest
contained nine eggs). Two days later I
took the camera and telephoto lens intend-
ing to try and get a picture of the bird on
the nest, but you can imagine my disgust
on finding the eggs all smashed and shells
and feathers scattered around, showing that
the old bird had made a hard fight for her
nest. The farmer's boy who showed me
the nest told me that two crows the day before
I got there had beaten the eyes out of the
old bird and had eaten the eggs, He had
only got there in time to see the old bird
tower high in the air, followed by one of the
crows.

On another occasion | had photographed -
the nest and young of the horned lark (also
a fine picture) and having made an arm for
the tripod, went in next morning to try and
get a picture of the mother bird feeding the
young, but again I was just too late as I got
there just in time to find two crows finishing
their breakfast. The arrangement was quite
simple, the crow just picked each chick,
struck it against an old tin box and swallowed
it whole, feathers and all.

é
I could give many other instances of the
destruction caused by the crow, but those —
related came under my own observation and
I think should be quite enough to prove that
the fewer we have of his kind the better os
the health of all useful birds.

Hoping that your conservation efforts will
meet with complete success. ‘

Yours truly,

W. A.B. Sclater. —

f ‘
7 Wi
1 an cane

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA —0 0"

Get it down into
lock-action and break-
joint. Wipe out barrel
with it and rub liberally
over outside to prevent rust.

3-in-One Oil

Nothing else keeps gunsin such
good shooting condition. Crack
shots are never without it.

All dealers: 10c, 25c, 50c bottles: and
Handy Oil Cans, that fit pocket, 25c.
Avoid substitutes.

FREE-Sample and Dictionary of uses.

3-in-One Oil Co. 55 New St. N.Y.

Target Practice
At Little Cost

Shoot Pistol Cartridges in Rifles with

MARBLES
Auxiliary Cartridges

This auxiliary cartridge:
ade for nearly ali ri-

2

Loaded “ fies, shoots pistol
in maga- * §. g cartridges just as
zine or breech. 2p accurately as
Bullet is set into eo, regular rifle
rifling. Without e dy, enaaiion
wee wey ts ring pin of gun Op. save 75 per
strikes firing pin in auxili- g cent on cost.

ary, exploding cartridge. Bullet 7
starts with a twist and doesnot
gtrip nor lead barrel. Does not harm
rifle firing pin. Ask your dealer, Sample
Nitro-Solvent Oil for his name. Send for 60-P.
catalog of Marble’s Gunsand 60 Outing Specialties

MARBLE ARMS& MFG. CO., 581 Delta Ave., Gladstone, Mioh.

Price
75.

(SD ( ) ED () ED ( 0D 0D 0D 0D D0 ED 0-080

MASON’S Decoys Will Do It!

Attract AnygGamejFow! — Ducks Especially

Amazingly lifelike. Made by experts who do
this one thing perfectly.
Every Game Species—Duck, Swan, Snipe, Geese, Crow.

Certain lure under all conditions. You will wonder
at their perfection.

— Ask Your Dealer or Write Direct for Catalogue. —

MASON’S DECOY FACTORY
590 Milford St. and P.M.R.R., Detroit, Mich.

{e-em | SD (> RD > (> D> <D (> <EEND ¢ ) ED ) <CRD-( ) <D( -<D-( ) <D-( ) - ( ) -D(.

Bt ented Moose Heads

ee Le in Rae Te Se at
in excellent condition

2) OE 0 SE 0 D(A OED 420

Bargain for quick sale. Bex 41, Red and
Gun, - - WOODSTOCK, ONTARIO

fom 0m 0 ame SD (D> ( ) ED ( ) <SED () <m (<)>) D(a

Genuine Diamonds

WY $1, $2, $3, Weekly

Save money on your Diamonds
by buying from us. We are
Diamond Importers. Terms,
$1, $2 or $3 Weekly. We
guarantee you every advantage
in Price and Quality.

Write to-day for Catalogue, it Is free.

We send Diamonds to any part of Canada forinspection
at our expense. Payments may be made Weekly. or
Monthly. '

JACOBS BROS., Diamond Importers
15 Toronto Arcade - - Toronto, Canada

Electric Row Boat Motor, %

@ Make your Row Boat an Electric
Launch, Buy a Jewel Detachable
Row Boat Motor run by electricity.
No odor or dangerous gasoline.
Simple,noiseless and powerful.
Attaches to any Row Boat
and runs on two six yolt
Batteries. This is our 5th
successful season.

Open Window Battery [/

ae Look inside your storage battery through Pepe eae

open window. See condition of plates and Beene of electro-
lyte. If you need a new automobile starting Battery buy a
Jeweland save money. 6-60 Special $8.50.

MOTORCYCLE ELECTRIC LIGHTING SYSTEM

The Jewel Generator Motorcycle Storage Battery and complete lighting
system is in great demand.Agents wanted. Write for prices and catalog MB

) ZEWEL ELECTRIC COMPANY, 112 N. Fifth Ave., Chicago

You can get Foxy Old Bass and
Mistah Pickerel every time with

ALGERS GETSEM
WEEDLESS BAIT

Throw it in among the weeds and lily pads—right
where the big fellows are browsing around for food,
and they’ll grab itina jiffy. They can’t resist this

dainty white, red-dotted morsel.

Bait Casting is great sport. It’s
a man’s game. Not difficult to
master, nor is it overstrenuous. It
appeals because of its action, its
versatility and its certainty of

PRICE
$1.00

results. Postage
Send two-cent stamp for copy of Paid
booklet entitled ‘‘Bait Castins’’
by Sheridan R. Jones, containing Send Your
valuable information about the Order Toda
right kind of tackle to use. ner, y
Address Dept. H. to Depl. H.
EomsS
Hastincs Spo Goops WoRKS

MICHIGAN

i
“
ud
i
y
/

+

ig OO,

hii

tar

®

RE ye PC ee ke ae

EXCHANGE DEPT.

ACCESSORIES
FOR SALE—Set of Electric automobile lamps, two side

and onetail. Never beenused. Box L, ROD AND GUN.
Woodstock, Ontario. TF

FOR SALE—The “GOLD MEDAL” CAMP COOK-
ING OUTFIT, 50 pieces, new, listed $11.00 at BARGAIN
if sold now. E. R. Whitney, 1521 Columbus Rd., Cleve-
land, Ohio. 4-5T

ANTIQUE FIREARMS

Buy, sell, exchange all sorts old-time and modern Fire-
arms, Stephen Van Rensselaer, Antiques, 805 Madison

» Avenue, New York. ’ 6-14T

BUSINESS OPPORTUNITY

FREE FOR SIX MONTHS—My special offer to intro-
duce my magazine, “Investing for Profit.” It is worth
$10 a copy to any one who has not acquired sufficient
money to provide necessities and comforts for, self and
loved ones. It shows how to become richer quickly and
honestly. Investing for Profit is the only progressive
financial journal and has the largest circulation in Am-
erica. It shows how $100 grows to $2,200; write now and
I'll send it six months free. H. L. Barber, 606-20 W.
Jackson Boulevard, Chicago. 4-12T

BIRDS AND ANIMALS

FOR SALE—Best quality ranch raised mink,

also
Canada wild geese. Nelson Waldron, Tyne Valley, Prince
Edward Island. J6r

WILD ANIMALS—Correspondence _ solicited with
parties interested in Fox Ranching or in purchasing or
selling stock. Blake Vanatter, Georgetown. Ont. J.tf

BOB WHITE QUAIL.—Blue Quail, Gambels, Pheasants
Peafowl, Wild Ducks, Geese, Swans, Cranes, Wild Turkeys,
Parrots, Canaries, Cage Birds, Game Birds, Pet Stock, Elk,
Deer, Buffalo, Silver Foxes, Mink, etc. Big, beautiful,
illustrated -catalog 10c. Price lists free. Hornes Zoo-
logical Arena Co., Kansas City, Mo.

LIVE BEAR CUBS WANTED—20. baby bear cubs,
$10.00 each. Two male and one female lynx $15.00 each,
Sandbill cranes $15.00 each, Wolverine $25.00 each, three
fisher $15.00 each. Crates and Tags furnished. Portage
Wild Animal Co., Portage La Prairie, Man. 4-2T

HOLSTEIN BULLCALF—Are you a Holstein breeder?
If so, buy this bull, but don’t delay. Price $200.00. His
pedigree will show you this bull is from the best milk strain
in America. This bull] is worth three times the money
to any farmer for a Holstein herd bull, because he is a
No. 1 breed. No better. No. 28275. Male, Prince of
Linwood, owned and bred by Fr. W. Probst, Linwood .
Ont., calved August 11th, 1916. Color, black and white,
three-fifths white. Sire, Wellesley Canary Duke,- 19837.
Dam, Calamity Segis Hengerveld, 37511. Fr. W. Probst,
Box 60, Linwood, Ont. 4-1T

DOGS.

HIGH CLASS PEDIGREED English Beagles, all
ages. None better. Also five ferrets. 3c stamp for
reply. L. Murray, Harrow, Ont. : 4. 2-2T

TRAINED HOUNDS—Norwegian bearhounds
Irish wolf hounds, Blood -hounds, Foxhounds,
Deer, Cat, Wolf and Coon dogs. Absolute guar-
antee, trial allowed, purchaser alone to judge,
no questions asked, money refunded. Fifty-page
illustrated catalogue five-cent stamp. Rook-
wood Kennels, Lexington, Ky.

FOR SALE, WANT AND

Advertisements will be
inserted in this Department
at 4c. a word. Send re
mittance with order. Copy
should not be later than
the 10th of the month.

BOOK ON

DOG DISEASES
And How to Feed

Mailed free to any address by
the Author

H. CLAY GLOVER CO., Inc.

America’s
Pioneer
Dog Remedies } 118 West 31st Street, New York

2a ee eee

The Blue Grass Farm Kennels of Berry, Ky., offer for
sale setters and pointers, fox and cat hounds, wolf and deer
hounds, coon and opossum hounds, varmint and rabbit
hounds, bear and lion hounds. Also Airedale terriers.
All dogs shipped on trial, purchaser alone to judge the
quality. Satisfaction guaranteed, or money refunded.
56 page illustrated, instructive and interesting catalogue for
ten cents in stamps or coin. t

SPORTSMEN—Airedale pups out of a bitch trained
on big and small game. Registered stock. $15.00 and
$10.00. J. Fletcher, Holborne Ave., Toronto. 4-1T

AIREDALES FOR. SALE—Exceptionally high class
puppies ready for delivery, sire. Stormy-Weather, dam,
Topsy-Turvy. Write for booklet if interested. B. Wel-
bank, Quill Lake, Sask.

FOR SALE—Splendid Llewellin, English, Irish, Gordon
settér pups and trained dogs, pointers, spaniels and re-
trievers in pups and trained dogs. Enclose stamp for
description. Thoroughbred Kennels, Atlantic, Iowa.

AT STUD.—English Beagles Bandit R. and Fabian R.
sons of famous Champion Shannon Bandit. They have
grand type, are hunters and are registered. Fee $10.00. ©
R. A. Richardson, Chatham, Ont. ‘2tf

FOR SALE.—Cheap registered Airedale puppies, fine
specimens, champions on both sides. Write if interested.
A. H. Hawkins, Listowel, Ont. - 227

FOR SALE—One coondog $12.00. One Foxterrier,
female, $5.00. Two Collies, male and female, $15.00.
One Airedale, female, $10.00. One bullterrier, female,
$10.00. One young pointer, female, $10.00. One No. 1
Foxhound, $15.00. Fr. W. Probst, Box 60, Liwoee
Ont. -

—

FOR SALE—West Highland White Terrier puppies
from best full pedigreed imported stock. F. B. Arnaud,
Annapolis Royal, N.S.

RUSSIAN WOLFHOUNDS with registered pedigreed
papers; deer and fox hounds;-toy poodles, all white. Ex- —
change considered. Price reasonable. Dr. Sylvio La-—
fortune, Pointe Gatineau, Que. 4-1T -

BEAGLE PUPS FOR SALE—The right kind, the kind
that wil! hunt. Ready to ship end of April. Nice age to
start working this fall. Only a few left. J. M E. Shaw,
Forest, Ont. 4-2T

FOX HOUND, black white and tan, 22in. high, well
broken, three years old. Trained on deer, fox_and rabbits.
Can give you reference. Price $20.00. C. R. Estes,
Orillia, Ont. 4-1T

ONE PURE BRED BEAGLE female pup, from best
hunting stock. For sale cheap. Geo. Cassie, Shee
Ont. -17

hen
way

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

ENGINES AND LAUNCHES.

FOR SALE—Marine Engines, two cycle, two, three and
four cylinder, also 2 cylinder 4 cycle. All new. Write for
further particulars stating horse power required, to box L.
ROD AND GUN, Woodstock, Ont. TF

FOR SALE—23 ft. Semi-speed launch, beam 4 feet
3 inches, finished ready for engine. This is a new launch,
now ready for delivery. For further particulars, etc.,
write Box F. Rod and Gun, Woodstock, Ont. tf

FOR SALE—Semi Speed Square, or Round Transom
and Compromise stern Hulls, finished ready for engine, up
to 30 ft.length. New. Will sell cheap. Box A. Rod and
Gun in Canada. Woodstock, Ont. TF

MOTOR BOATS.—Ensgines and canoes. Second hand
bargains. Ditchburn pleasure boats, Gravenhurst, ee

FISHING TACKLE.

FOR SALE.—Several Fly Trout Rods, 10 and 11 ft., 3
joint, absolutely new. Willsellcheap. BoxL. ROD AND
GUN, Woodstock, Ont. TE

GUNS

WANTED—7.63 Mauser Automatic pistol, also stock

or holster. Gun (barrel especially) must be A.1. State
price. Jos. O’Neill, Box 151, Parry Sound, Ont. 4-it

MECHANICS AND GUNMEN.—Reblue or brown
your guns, rifles, revolvers, etc. Do a good job at the cost
of a few cents. Complete instructions 25 cents. E. J.
Simon, Dane, Wis. 33 Mi lg

ream ee

A BARGAIN IN SHOT GUN

I have been able to get hold of a few
PERFECTLY NEW, THOROUGHLY
TESTED, TOBIN _ Double-barreled
Hammerless Shot Guns at a very low
price. Regular $35.00 grade 1 can let
you have for $20.00, cash with the
order, or C. O. D. with privilege of
examination. = -:- ste ' 00 =Ie -i-

W. H. MARTIN
SPORTING GOODS BEALER, - WOODSTOCK, ONT.

. MARINE ENGINES
FOR SALE—One Bryant and Berry Propeller Wheel,
3 blade, 20 x 18, right hand, bore 1% in. New, will sell
cheap. Box T., Rod and Gun, Woodstock, Ont. 4-T.F

FOR SALE—3 cylinder, 12 h.p two cycle marine motor,
only been used a short time: For full particulars apply
to H. C. Clarke, Dunnville, Ont. Box 336. 4-1T

~ OLD COINS WANTED
$2 to $500 EACH paid for hundreds of Coins.
“Keep all money dated before 1895
and send 10c for New Il!!ustrated
Coin Value Book, size 4x7. You
may have coins worth many dol-
lars. Get Posted. Clarke Coin Co., Box 134,
Leroy, N. Y. 2-3T

SPECIALS

MARRY—Many lady and gentlemen members worth

from one to thirty thousand dollars. Particulars free.
National Club, B 992, Los Angeles, Calif. 4-1T

FOR SALE—Choice lot of one-year-old speckled trout,
also speckled trout Fry. Write, O. J. Walker, Clear Brook
Trout Farm, Inglewood, Ont. 4-2T

FREE BOOKLET—How to grow the most profitable
Medical Plants. Write for particulars and price list of
seeds, roots, bulbs and plants for transplanting.
Gardens, W. Milan, N.H.

FOR SALE—Several Beers Thermostats. This is an
automatic apparatus for opening and closing the dampers of
your furnace, hot water heater, or steam boiler, at exactly
the moment when they should be opened or closed, thus
keeping the temperature of your house uniform through
every hour of the day and night. Savescoal. Saves worry.
These Thermostats can be installed by anyone who can
handle a hammer, screw driver and auger. Write for fur-
sa particulars to Box L., ROD AND GUN, Wooden

nt.

FOR SALE—Finest speckled trout eggs, fry, fingerlings,
etc., at the private hatchery of Dr. A. R. Robinson, Silver
Creek, Caledon. Address A. R. Robinson, Claude, Ont.

TAXIDERMY AND TANNING

FORTY YEARS MANUFACTURER GLASS EYES
FOR BIRDS AND ANIMALS. Save money. Send
to-day for my Taxidermist’s Supply Catalog No. 7. F.
schumacher, 285 Halladay St., Jersey City, N. J. 12 6t

_FOR SALE—Moose Head, fine specimen excellent con-
aan Apply Box L., ROD AND GUN, Wooden
nt.

_ FOR SALE—Good Canagian Wolf Skins, tanned, or
lined and made into rugs, f or half heads, with border.
Also good Dear heads, which have been left on our hands,
will sell for cost of mounting. Artificial skulls for animals.
Eyes and Taxidermist’s supplies. Oliver Spanner & Co.,
26 Elm St., Toronto, Ont. 4-1T

MUSKRATS

I Will Pay 55 cents, Flat Rate

for an average lot of spring rats, to fill orders on
hand, Kitts and Damaged at value, Highest
prices guaranteed for all other raw furs.

J. U. NICHOLS, Box 338, INGERSOLL, ONTARIO.

All About Airedales

By R. M. Paimer

A Book of General Information

Valuable alike te dog lovers and owners,
breeders and fanciers. IHustrated from
selected photographs of noted dogs and
rare scenes. Interesting alike to the nov-
ice who is a fancier of other breeds than
the Airedale and of particular interest to
the Airedale fancter.

Paper Bound $1; Cloth Bound $1.50

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA MAGAZINE

(Book Department), WOODSTOCK, ONT.

Herb >
4-1T

F
re

ib

BUILD {wi STEEL BOAT Dean Boats

THE FISH GETTER. THE PRIZE WINNER.

“~ BOF) Oe nN law, fe BOP Le a
1304 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA —

Pe.’ : 4

“Try one ANT RAC

en the —
absolute TRACE MARK Reosteaco “We stand
guarantee COATED LINEN back of

ef the It.” A
makers.” fo

COLLARS

Have shown the greatest improvements of any collars offered to the trade since 1879. The
slit over the re-inforced button-hole, prevents the button pressing on the neck, and allows
freedom in adjusting tie. The Flexible Tabs prevent breseiag at the front fold. Worn by
sportsmen, automobile owners, merchants, mechanics, railway employees, and in fact, by every-
body. Sold by the best dealers in every city. MADE IN CANADA, by

THE PARSONS & PARSONS CANADIAN CO. - - - - HAMILTON, CANADA

WILSON MOTORS

3 H.P. One-Cylinder—6 H.P. 2-Cylinder

Better Motors for Less Money
Guaranteed for FIVE YEARS
MADE IN CANADA-NO DUTY. Write now for catalog H

WILSON MOTOR CO., WALKERVILLE ONTARIO

REWTON HIGH POWER RIFLES

HIGHEST VELOCITY RIFLES IN THE WORLD. A new bolt actlen rifle, Ameri-
ean made from butt plate te muzzle. Calibers .22 te .35. Velocity 3100 f.s. Price $40.00,
Newten etraight {ne hand releading toels. Send stamp fer descriptive circular,

NEWTON ARMS CO., Inc., 506 Mutual Life Building, BUFFALO, N. Y.

From patterns and print-
ed instructions. Work
easy: material furnished.
Save two-thirds cost. PATENTED

Also completed boats. Send for catalogue and prices.

| Style and Safety
| Speed and Comfort

a you are Pee: a canoe, row pont power
: - | oat, or sailing dinghy, buy the best. You
| F.H. Darrow Steel Boat Co. 518 PerrySt., Albion, Mich. § will have ole satistaction and pride in

| your craft, and be “‘money in pocket” at
the end. Write today for

este ee ae | NEW CATALOGUE X Storing 327

| and boat accessories, also sample of FREE
G. M. SKINNER’S

brass joint construction mailed
FAMOUS FLUTED SPOON BAITS!

Walter Dean Canoe and Boat Co.,
TORONTO, ONT.

A Genuine Sacrifice

Seely att Bhat seep Latest jnece unused,
irect from factory. s equipped, regular price
Send for Catalog. CLAYTON, N. Y. $395.00.

100 Varieties and Sizes

Is painted a beautiful coach red, ve
classy, with stream line body, nicely upholstered.
A two cylinder air cooled motor, 3%” x 334, 100”
wheel base, two passenger tandem, 36” tread, and
keeps the track at maximum speed of 50 miles an
hour on one gallon gasoline. Is hung low, giving
it the easy riding quality. Has electric lights.
Friction drive, and as simply and durably made so
one of slight experience or a boy or‘girl can operate

PRINCE GEORGE

= = the car. Motor has 10 to 15 H.P. and car is equip-
t ORONTO CANADA vee aay tacts side cen and ag uP cont
\Magnificien Furnis 3 ete. so has repair kits, tools, horn, an
ce eee Ley Coe. earing throughout. AT BARGAIN PRICE, if
European Plen. pete 5 Plea copes a oe sold at care. For advertising purposes this car
: is a novelty.

ECONOMY SUPPLY AND JOBBING CO. _

SAMUEL H. THOMPSON, Preprieter
5 Bratenahl Building CLEVELAND, OHIO

OD =¢GUN

;

CANADA

IN

usa

FIFTEEN CENTS

AY,

“NEVER AGAIN”

D

e EY

TORM-TOSSED and battered, helpless

in a raging sea, the crew unable to launch

a boat—such was the plight of the freighter,
Pio IX, on the night of December 5, 1916.

And here might come the tragic end of this story, but for
Antonio Oliver, one of the crew. He remembered the Eveready
DAYLO* in his bunk; strapped it to his wrist and with
ten of his comrades went overboard, clinging desperately to
a ship’s raft.

Gleaming like a lone star, the light from Oliver’s Eveready
DAYLO* attracted the attention of the S.S. Buenos Aires.
After several failures a boat was launched and help sent to
the exhausted crew. Thus were the lives of eleven men saved
by the light that did not fail—Eveready DAYLO.*

There are times in everyone’s life when a dependable pocket
light is invaluable. Get your Eveready DAYLO* to-day.
Prices frem 75 cents up. Dealers everywhere.
CANADIAN NATIONAL CARBON CO.,
Limited, Toronto.

*DAYLO is the winning name in our $3000 contest. We paid
$3000 to each of the tour contestants who submitted this word.

bAYLOSN DD) AC

The light that says

Don’t ask for a ‘“‘flashlight’—get an Eveready DAYLO

There it is!

—when all other lights fail.

when the fuse blows
and all lights go out

when the car stalls on
a dark road and the
trouble must be lo-
cated

when uncanny scratch-
ing in an unused
room awakes you

when someone
your door-bell in the
middle of the night

when a storm breaks at

2 A.M. and the win- ~*

dows must be closed

when it’s too dark to
see your way from
the house to the gar-
age

when a strange noise
in the bushes near
the porch alarms you

when the baby cries in
the night

rings )

99 |

]

Woodstock, Ontario, May, 1917

Publishers are warned not to reprint contents, wholly or in part, without fuil credit attached.

kee MAY CONTENTS

ne error That Passeth By Night.2..:.20i608.. £05.40 c06.08 ejections Bonnycastle Dale 1305

ETE 8 GSES 3000 0, fam eS Oe RE ap! 25y May Flett 1311 _
Poupome Canadian Vacation Camps... joo... co cclscctb nese ee -eoseees Mabel Burkholder 1316
Fishing Experiences in Canada of an Old Sark Angler.......... Tyeth Bounsall 1319
ae Meera tO DHE FReSCUCl. o/c ie eee cee ae ee Oe ee ee 1324
‘ IRR EAET ERE 82-50 20850025 eee ee ee ere aS 2. F. V. Williams 1325
f (EAGER SER 27117: 5 RR A ee DCE Hac 1S 9 UNA OLS Ral Sea mg OE MIMD eco? 1327
, me Nionarch, of) Che Grey’ Void: ..A2. i205. kontse ek vena geceessketosereeh Qcnekes. Cy Perkins 1328
pempernateur on a Thired-Diay FLanib cio ptace ci ges ays sccetvnct.doitever es csedseeeeeesterny | GMa
Hipnting Moose on SHOwSROES. 02. 5..2.ccccchecees feed cb evajecstesee Wisesacesseess C. Eymundson 1335
MERETAISMES TE MESUPS 22 oc gn cen PA er ANG DO PERU. ke Robert Page Lincoln 1337
Werets ATG A VAIINION oo eh eeiee wi sk Sas eect ayes BRT er Ne a i a, diene ae 1368

SUBSCRIPTION PRICE to any address in Canada, Great Britain or in the United States $1.50
foreign countries 50c extra. Single copies 15 cts. All subscriptions are payable in advance.g

REMITTANCES should be made by P. O. or express money orders, bank checks or registered
letters; if by check, exchange must be included.

CHANGE OF ADDRESS. When a change of address is ordered, both the new and the old
addresses must be given.

THE ADDRESS LABEL, shows the date to which subscription is paid.
ADVERTISING RATES and sample copies sent on application.

Communications on all topics pertaining to ane canoeing, yachting, the kennel, amateur
hotography and trapshooting will be welcomed and published if possible. All communications must
e accompanied by the name of the writer, not necessarily for publication, however.

Rod and Gun in Canada does not assume any responsibility for, or necessarily endorse, any views
expressed by contributors to its columns.

Published by W. J. TAYLOR, LTD., WOODSTOCK, ONT.
—Branch Offices—
New York, London, England
-373 Fourth Ave. 4 Grand Trunk Bldgs.
Cockspur St.
" Entered Feb. 17, 1908 at the Post Office at Buffalo, N.Y., as second-class matter under Act of
_ March 8, 1908.

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

~—

Now Made at Bristol Ct”
by Horton Mfg.Co,

makers of the
Famous

Steel fishing

That name MEEK on a Reel has come to mean the same

as Tiffany on a ring, or New-Departure on a Coaster-

Brake or ‘Bristol’? on a Steel Fishing Rod. Such a

Ligh reputation does not come to a name merely by advertising.

Every individual piece bearing the name must have such decided
superiority of material, design and workmanship, and the house
manufacturing the article must be so fair,' liberal and trustworthy,

ae the public will come to know the name as the synonym of satis-

, faction.

THE NO. 33 MEEK ‘‘BLUE GRASS’; REEL

: shown in the picture above, is beyond a doubt the best $7.50 reel that
has ever been produced. The Thumb rest enables the caster to run
the reel entirely full of line and yet thumb the line very satisfactorily.
The frame is one piece of seamless tubing threaded on the interior.
The gear is one piece of hard drawn brass. The pinion is of Stub’s
steel cut on rod running through spool, thus making pivots and pinion
one solid piece. Pivots are tempered, ground and polished. All brass
parts are heavily nickel plated. Buy of your dealer, but if he does not
have ‘‘No. 33,” and is not inclined to get it for you, we will fill your order
by mail at regular price, $7.50, prepaid, and guarantee safe delivery.

THE NO. 8 ‘‘BRISTOL’’ STEEL FISHING ROD

shown in the picture at the left is one of our ‘‘Best Sellers.” It’s a 10 ft.
Fly Rod; weight 91% ozs.; three joints each 38 inches long; handle mount-
ings nickel with solid reel seat below the hand. Nine two-ring German
silver tie guides and German silver one-ring fly tip. This is a splendid
trout rod for substantial service. Prices with polished maple handle
$4.50; celluloid wound handle $5.00; Cork grip handle $5.50; Celluloid
wound reversible handle $5.75; cork grip reversible handle $6.25.
Just remember that ‘‘Bristol’? Rods have the strength, lightness and
casting power; stiff enough to cast long distances with precision; pliant
enough to make short casts a delight. Buy of your dealer. He de-
serves your trade. He can order for you. If you are not near a good
dealer, order by mail.

TWO CATALOGUES FREE, Bristol and Meek

They show 37 other rods and 22 other reels.

THE HORTON MANUFACTURING CO,
32 HORTON ST., BRISTOL, CONN.

Pacific Coast Branch, Phil. B. Bekeart Co.,
717 Market St. San Francisco, Calif.

WOODSTOCK, ONT., MAY, 1917 NO. 12

THE TERROR THAT PASSETH
BY NIGHT

A Midnight Study of the Wild Duck.

BONNYCASTLE DALE

UR winter camp on the Beaver
@) was snowbound and ice-locked.

The last ribbon of blue water
at the mouth of the Crooked River
yielded the last pair of Whistlers to
Laddie’s everpresent single barrel one
mid-December day. The last huge
flocks of southern bound American
Mergansers had heavily flown and
dived and fished about the Beaver,
many more females than males in
the flocks. They had eaten thou-
sands of non-game fishes, young of
perch, the chub and roach, the shin-
ers, and then had swept ‘off, in an
immense dark cloud over the south-
ern shore to winter on the great
Lakes, in Ohio and Ontario, and
along the St. Lawrence River. The
last few Dusky mallards were driven
out of the freezing pools for the
southern migration, all save the poor
cripples, wing-tipped and body-struck
birds who all night long battled des-
perately with the creeping fingers of
the ice until finally, one poor wing
feather froze in, another caught, and
the whole wing was fast. The poor
bird then slowly froze to death, its
exposed body later forming a meal
for the gulls or a creeping weasel or
mink, (to the latter only when the
-body lies in the ice of some narrow
creek). Unlike the wild fowl we
did not emigrate this year, but busy
with our Natural History work, await-
ed on the little ice-bound island of
the Beaver the approach of spring
and the return of the wild fowl.

1305

“The ice is getting weak,’ Laddie

yelled from the shore one ‘April day
some four months later.
half hidden by the snowladen boughs
as he chopped away at the water
hole.
Wild-Rice lake—‘Bukwuche-Waub-
uhnoomin,”’ of the Mississaugas, who
hunt these grounds—the ice was black
and rotting. At the river mouth
every indication of open water ap-
peared. Through the binoculars we
could see the white trappers and the
Indians literally “‘paving’ the marsh
with traps for the richly furred musk-
rats. At every well-built house of
these furbearers, on every exposed
log, at the root of each tree, on every
hummock of grass, these early trap-
pers laid the cruel steel jaws on the
snow to claim the place from the
late comers until—within a square
mile—fully a thousand traps were
laid. Later these would be_ sub-
merged as the water rose and the
ice opened up or carefully concealed
by the owners. Here is a daylight
terror for our poor gamebirds.
‘“‘Laddie’’ and I arrived over the
ice in our canoes, just after we had
pictured the Chief with his “Draw
up’ pile of weeds on bow and stern.
He uses these to make wee islands
to hold the traps, and, as the musk-
rat always emerges to eat its marsh
food, (roots of the flag, the wild
onion, or ““Muskrat apple,”’
potato), it sticks its foot into the
waiting trap. A click, a frightened

He was

All over the broad expanse of

the wild .

sain

1306 i

4

y

‘

| eee ee

atigh)

squeal, a splash, a long continued
turning and thrashing movement and
the rat is drowned or the poor foot
has torn off and it has escaped.
It is a common occurrence to cap-
ture a muskrat with one, two, even

“OH! THE POOR THING”,

three legs or feet missing. Also per-
haps there may be many great rents
in the skin, as the free, running ani-
mals, sadly tear and mutilate the
trapped ones at times.
“Oh! the poor thing!’ I heard
“Taddie’’ mutter in the bow as he
espied a fluttering Hooded Merganser
(Morning Duck, or little Sawbill, or
Black Sawbill) ahead ofus. A few
strokes carried us to the side of the
alarmed bird and “‘Laddie’’ swiftly
and gently removed the big trap from
the leg. Alas! it was sadly crushed
and he dashed the canoe off for the
bank and speedily amputated the
broken leg, held the bird firmly im-
mersed in the cold water for a few
moments, then with a glad cry of
“She’s all right now!’ let her leap
from his hands and dive into the river.
All that day, and for many days after,
we found herons and ducks, grackles
and sparrows and poor wee wrens,
tiny marsh mice, aye even a turtle
later on in these widely scattered
traps. Of course we instantly liber-
ated all which could safely be let
loose. The maimed and the dying
we mercifully killed. Remember—

I HEARD LADDIE SAY.

game birds killed is very large in th
totals.

Now the centre of the river was
opening. A tiny ribbon of blue water
appeared and the first pair of ducks,
American Golden-eyes promptly ar-~
rived from the South, as if this tiny
hole, the result of many months of
freezing temperatures, high winds,
hot suns and swift currents had been
opened especially for them.

From our camp on the river bank
close by “‘Laddie’’ and I watched the
new migration. Swiftly the sun and
the current over-came their ancient
enemy, the ice, and sent the blue
ribbon of water further and further
along the centre of the river’s course.
Into this tiny rift in the prevailing
icefield poured the long delayed wild —
ducks—swiftly whirring small flocks
of big bluebills, some mated, other
females with from one to six attend-
ant lovers in her train, diving every

time she dived and springing aloft

after her every time she leaped—look-
ing like the tail of some new kind of
kite. Unless you have observed these

birds for years you would hardly be-

lieve the nervous strain these much —

£ ee rg

THE TERROR THAT PASSETH BY NIGHT

sought after females are under (there
are many more drakes than ducks in
this breed on the Spring migration).

_ Never for a moment, night or day,
* for several months, while one of these

flocks fed about my camp near tide-

1307

up towards the wind sweeps the big
bodies, and they strike the water with
still good headway, throwing up great
splashes of whitefoam. Almost with-
out a rest they dived in search of
small fish for an early breakfast.

HE SPEEDILY AMPUTATES THE POOR LEG

water, from January until May, while
we were studying on the Pacific
Coast, did this insistent love-making
cease. Here, the same scene was
daily viewed. Lesser Scaup were
arriving in smaller numbers. Quite
a few Red Breasted Mergansers were
among the early birds, and a rare
pair or two of wood-ducks which
family is slowly catching up after
being nearly exterminated by too
close hunting. They are still, how-
ever, the same foolish, easily ap-
proached birds.

A pair of Great Northern Divers
appeared on the south sky, two min-
ute black dots in the powerful glasses.
Over the great lake icefield they sped,
Nature’s most perfect hydroplanes.
Tearing down from a great height
they espied the tiny channel of open
water and instantly swept off in a
great circle. The curve was so im-
mense that they completely encircled
our Beaver Island a mile distant in
midlake. Another tilt of the wings,
another lesser circle and now they
slow down. Back go the great wings,

For hours we intently watched and
noted the migration. Whistlers of
both kinds there were, and American
and rare Barrows. How these birds
can hook their bills into the ice, flap
their wings, draw themselves out on
the cake and sit there hour after hour
without freezing their delicate feet
astonishes us. We have seen them do
this during very cold weather.

“Look! Look!’ cried
“she’s doing the glide.’’ A sudden
gust of wind had caught a female
Golden Eye (American Whistler) and
sent her drifting down the icy lake;
a sudden shower of hail hid her from
view for a moment and when the
weak rainbow coloured her she was
flat on the ice with wings outspread
seemingly clinging there.

‘““How the poor things must suffer
at night during the “break up” and
shove!’ said the lad. “Why not go
out to the old reef and study them
at night?” |

“Happy thought Laddie! We'll do
it this very night, I answered.

“Laddie,?

1308

All afternoon we took notes of the
newcomers, — Buffle-heads, a few
Canvasbacks, and an odd Redhead.
These birds came from flocks which
were resting on Lake Ontario, a dozen
miles away, over the hills. A strang-

WITH A GLAD CRY OF “SHE’S ALL RIGHT
NOW,” HE LET HER LEAP FROM HIS
HANDS AND DIVE INTO THE RIVER.

er, an Eider, female, a couple of
horned Grebe, a. gabbling lot of fe-
male Dusky Mallards,—the males
silent as usual, a flock of Herring
gulls, squatting down beside the Mer-
gansers and hovering over them as
they came up fishladen after a dive.
They rarely stole the catch however.
Once or twice we saw Mallards,
though they are very rare here-
abouts now. We also saw some Surf-
ducks northward bound to breed

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

upon the prairies. They too rested

on the tiny strip of water which, how-
ever, was now about half a mile long.
All the fall ducks were diving and
getting wild rice seeds and wild celery
bulbs. The non-divers, Mallards,
both kinds, and Wood-ducks had
perforce to feed on the scraps they
left. They also picked wind-drifted

eA

seeds out of and off the melting ice. —

A few Hooded Mergansers flopped

in—also some Old Squaws and Rud-

dies but no Widgeon, Teal, Pintails

or rare Shovellers. It was too early

ct for these. It was an ideal April
ay: :

‘First it rained and then it snowed,
Then it hailed and rained and blowed;
Then some snow and hail and rain,
And then it did it all again.”

“Look at the ice, it’s shoving,”
called “‘Laddie.”’ ‘True, a shift of the
wind at nightfall caused the ice to
start moving out crushing to atoms
on the islands in mid-lake. If it
held in that quarter there would be
no danger on the reef. If the wind
changed and the ice shove came our
way we would have to try and mount
the “‘lip’’ and .“‘shove’’ the canoe
faster than the moving ice towards
the shore and camp. The power of
a mile square cake shoving before a
twenty mile wind is awe inspiring.
I have seen it cut off a tree as we
would a straw, and the next cracking,
crashing edge tear out the roots and
lift five ton boulders like so many
marbles.

Just at dark, when an uncanny
lightning flash added to the turmoil

of nature, we threw our oilskins and —

cushions into the big canoe, saw the
airtanks were securely fastened in
bow and stern of the craft, piled in
extra paddles,

out thoroughly and found it makes

me colder after using) aflashlight,and

donning our big ‘sou’ westeroil hats
we stood up in the canoe and pushed

it with ice-chisels out towards the ©
open water in the centre of the river. |
The keels on the canoe acted like
sled runners and even if the ice was |

squashy we made slow headway—
“Splash! Splash!’ and the canoe

broke through the ice and there we

were afloat in an icehold. Seizing

a Thermos of hot ©
coffee (remember I have tried liquor —

i

Ls

*

AY

if

3]
inne
x

or, Tie ro iby PN pls

\e

-! -

pike pole “Laddie” in the bow stead-

ily drew the canoe up on the ice again

_while I shoved might and main with

an ice-chisel at the stern. We finally

got her on the ice just as a heavy
shower shut out even the dim grey
~ scene.

-“Balance,”’ cried the lad and the
“Crash, flap,

craft slid off the ice.

rs 2

“GET YOUR GUN READY, THEY’RE COMING RIGHT IN”

splash,” into the river it went. Up
with wild calls leaped a flock of gulls
from the ice edge, scaring us worse
than ever, and between semi-upsets
and hail and rain and pitch blackness
our nerves were all on edge.
“Oh!!’ burst from “Laddie.”? A
sudden flash of lightning lit up all the
scene before us clear as day. Up!
up!—from our very bow leaped a
flock of Dusky Mallards (black duck)
with wild cackling cries. They fairly
gabbledinalarm. The lad yet swears

the gulls called ‘‘Police! Police!’ and

no wonder, as all the larger gulls use
a cry that sounds much like these
words. Our bow caught the slight
current and we whirled off down
stream out into the ice field seeking
a tiny pile of rocks, relic of lumber-

ing days when piers were built at

: iia aa
_ ‘THE TERROR THAT PASSETH BY NIGHT

- exposed skulls under the slight cover-

river mouths to hold log booms, — ;
found it by running on it with much
canoe grating and nerve wracking. —
We scrambled onto the wet hail
covered pile that extended about ten —
feet and reached a foot above water
and I fastened the canoe line to my
feet remarking, ““It will be safe there.” —
“Yes! they are good and large,”

a :
le *

>

Jha 5 rice Crash eater)

slyly put in “‘Laddie,”’ inserting the
required touch of humor, much need-
ed just thensas a peal of thunder
seemed to rattle the very pile of rocks
we were on. ee

How do these poor wildfowl ever 4;
live out such weather? Here they
were penned into a narrow streak of
water, half blown out by the terrific
gusts, drenched by sudden showers
driven at tremendous speed, injured
no doubt by the large hail stones %
falling. As these hurt our bare hands
what would they do to those delicate e

a ee

‘Paes

ing of feathers? The current ran
one way, the wind blew another, a
thing hated by the wild fowl as it is
almost impossible to keep the fea- r
thers dry, and once well wetted a :
bird must fly to dry out while if 4

1310

soaked it must creep ashore to dry
where every bush holds terrors. Our
childhood bogies were angels beside.
To add to the awfulness of the night
came the ice shove, creaming up its
edge, with the wind howling a mad
sons over the creaking wastes and
the weird lightning making the dark-

LADDIE WITH TRAP RELEASED GRACKLE

ness only more intense after its brief
reign. The air was filled with beat-
ing of wings.’ Where to? Alas! there
was but a wild weary, alarm filled
circling, as this was the only hit of
open water in miles and it was now
one mass of cracking ice. Finally
some of the birds tried to anchor
_ behind the tiny reef, in the miniature
lee caused by us and the rocks, only
to spatter off squawking wildly when
they saw the huge animals they dread
the most squatting there in the light-
ning’s glare. By now the wind was
so heavy and the noises of the wild
night so-fear inspiring that I too began
to think of the first instinct of all
animals—self-preservation.
“The shove is lifting the canoe,
the bow is now above my head,”

awe

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA _

called “Laddie.” With one c
“Hurry,” one quick grasping of gun-
wales, one leap into the dim canoe

we were paddling upstream for dear .

life ahead of the steadily advancing
lip of the “‘shove.’’ Once in shelter
in a bend of the projecting marsh,

during a lull of the wind we listen- |

ed to the clamorous! calls of the
migration.

“Police, Police’? of the gulls. Run-

ning as a bass note through it all

was the hoarse quacking of the Black
ducks, the tenor “Ky-iak, ky-iak”’
of the Redheads, while the odd “Purr
it, purr it” of the Blue-bills fille

in the chorus, with an occasional
‘squeal’? of a Wood-duck to remind
us that they too were battling out
there, waiting for the first dim light
to seek a nice convenient log and
preen their sodden plumage. How
do they live it out? Here we were
protected by all the gums and juices
man has extracted and made up for
us into extra coverings; fortified by
all the food and drink he has taken
from Nature and kept warm by sim-
ple natural laws. Yet we were wet
and cold and hungry.—We once more
drew the big, canoe up on the yet
unshoved shore ice and chiseled and
pikepoled our dark way back to
camp under a leaden sky at the
solemn midnight hour.

=

“Come and see!’’ were the first

words I heard the next morning. A _
passing Indian trapper, a great friend

of ours, seeing the beauty of it all, and

knowing our love for our work had —

awakened me, and this was what we
saw from out the hastily thrown-
back curtains of the tent—a fast dis-
appearing bank of clouds above a
clear blue lake, blowing away into
the southern sky,’ a last swiftly fall-
ing shower of rain, while glowing
from the North point of the Beaver
in Midlake away to the clear western
shore was a mighty arch—the prom-
ise set in tne heayens—the rainbow,
through whose gleaming circle sped
flock after flock of feathere
the Wildfowl, rejoicing that
was come at last.

ones, —
orning |

all of

Above all sounded the

LAKE TROUT, WATERTON LAKE.

A HOLIDAY IN THE ROCKIES

3 Mary FLETT f

NVEN in these strenuous times
E there are people looking for
new places for holiday trips—
and the further from bulletin boards
and patriotic ‘meetings the better.
Not, that any of us belong to that
unhappy class; but Fate, or Circum-
stance, or the Lady Chance having
pe in the way of a Fisher woman,
er husband and myself, a few days
of enforced idleness, and the weather
and inclination urging us to seek a
cool, secluded spot, we hired a motor
_ car and hied usto the Waterton Lakes.
__ Like most people on a holiday, we
_ were in a terrific rush to get to our
destination, in order I suppose that
_ we might relax the more completely,
_ so we tarried not upon the road, but

_.made the chauffeur speed.
_ The Waterton Lakes, in Southern
_ Alberta, and Montana, are in a nest
_ of the Rockies and in a park pre-
_ served by the government. The
“Mountain scenery is surpassed by

' none in the world.

__As-we came to the park gate the
| chauffeur told us that the chief
_ ranger ‘Kootenay’ Brown was dy-
_ ing. This was a blow to the party,
-as we had heard of him, as the
_ original old timer, a man as approach-

1311

able as Roosevelt, and had looked
forward to meeting him. However,
our first glimpse of the lake in the
curve of the guarding mountains,
made us forget a thing so unpleasant
as Death. *

Oh, the blue, blue water, with the
mountains, and the curving, pebbly
shore; and the little sandy point
with its grove of brave young poplars
hiding the little bay where the blue
water turns to green, and is smoother
and less intense: the jagged rocky
point, beyond which the lake plays
at being a sea, and sends impudent
waves with mad-cap crests of foam
into the boats of daring fishermen—
and again the mountains! They
tower four thousand feet above the
lake; their jagged peaks claiming
friendship with the clouds. Several
of them look forbidding, with great
cliffs of mosaic rock. Others show
little silvery streaks that look like
paths glinting in the sunlight, but are
indeed beds of streams; and are
studded with sturdy pine and fir
trees that seem to be marshalled in
battalions, marching always up to
storm the peaks.

A green plateau stretches along >

the western shore of the lake, back to

= o : PO ee r4 _ a, Pee. * a -
SE ee. —

ae ee

eee ee ee ae err

1312 ROD AND GU
other mountains, and these all show
a tender green growth with an oc-
casional patch of snow.

A very brave man has built an hotel
here, and pitched tents for sleeping
rooms. The hotel proper consists
chiefly of a dining room where you
eat the fish you catch—and very well
do they cook them, for you—and a
“lounge”? where you can buy peanuts
or grape juice, according to your
temperament—I knew that word
would slip in somewhere. There is
also a box stove here, around which
people congregate on chilly nights
and tell fish stories, or “They do say
there was a bear,”’ tale. .

As it is against the modern code,
to idle in one’s leisure, we went out
on the lake soon after our arrival.
There are rowboats and a motor
launch for hire. We chose one of the
latter, and in two hours caught nine
good sized trout, drifting around the
lake until the water had faded from
blue and green to a uniform tint of
aqua marine—that colourless, yet
colourful tint that is indescribable.

Being puffed up with conceit, for-
getting about “beginner’s luck” and
“our souls being sated with beauty,
we were in the best possible mood for
enjoying the fresh, fried fish and ex-
perimenting with that unknown
quantity—coffee in an obscure hotel.
After the first meal we all took tea.

Making firm resolutions for an
early start in the morning, we went
to our tents; which are worth de-
scribing. The canvas walls have lost
their pristine whiteness, and present
a curious freckled appearance. The
furnishings are unique, consisting of
two beds, one a portly, homemade
affair with a straw mattress; the
other a single modern cot. A table
and chest of drawers, both of home
manufacture, were an earnest of an
ingenious mind, and a constant re-
minder that ““Prunes have ye always
with you,”’ for they were fashioned
from boxes. that bore in flaunting
letters “Santa Barbara Prunes’. A
very airy soubrettish chair, a small
mirror that made one wonder if
Beauty was “in the eye of the be-
holder’, and a coyote rug completed
a camp de luxe.

Viet
Lt aoe

NING

-tains grim; and the trees fantastic.

. 5
Wey ae DS

te ts ci)

-~

BAT Ye
WY Seas
6 sa

I nearly forgot the lantern—and

how could 1I?—The mechanism
seemed so complicated, that I decided
I needed a fresh morning mind to
master its intricacies and as it was
not really dark, undressed and went
to bed, having given it only a casual

glance. st
But going to bed is one thing, and
to sleep another as I soon found.
Ten o’clock came—it was dark now,
and through the flap of my tent deor
the sky looked eerie, and the moun-

I thought of the trees in “Pan’s
Garden” and I was afraid. The
wind blew a shrill blast, and then
it didn’t blow at all and the silence
was worse than the strident noise.

It seemed as if the mountains must
fall into the lake, or the sky crack. —
A clock in the hotel sounded twelve— ~
a get-up-early-in-the-morning sort of —
clock, not a bedside affair. Some- -
thing cried in the woods. I remem- ~
bered that “‘Kootenay’” Brown was
dying. He had an Indian wife, and
who knew what incantation she or
her Indian friends might be working.
Moreover the lake lapped the shore
like a greedy cat, and.a spider had
dropped on my nose. I was used to
cathedral chimes and nice comforting
night noises such as fire alarms and
ambulance gongs. I was getting —
frightened and decided to light my
lantern.

I had a small flashlight and by its
aid I located the lantern and match
box, unfortunately one had to keep
a finger on the button of the flash-
light or it went out, and as I needed —
all of my fingers to manipulate the ~
lantern I was forced to work in the |
dark. I squatted on the ground with
my back to the tent door, lest in the |}
semi-gloom I should see some terrible
apparition coming towards me. I
grasped the lantern firmly in both —
hands and pulled at the lever. It did
I had a fearful feeling

tion from my brow, rubbed my chin
musingly; got another view of the
lantern’s anatomy and gave an awful

po ee

A HOLIDAY IN

tug—up came the spring, out came
the globe and off came the handle!
Nothing daunted by so slight an
accident I scratched a match, lighted
the wick and fishing in my bag for
the last Everybodys, read an exotic
tale by Galsworthy until dawn.

I was disturbed then by the en-
thus‘ast'c Fisher woman coming to
wake me in order that I might get an
early start on the lake. Her surprise
on see‘ng my occupat*on was swallow-
ed *n mrth at my appearance. In a
paroxysm of laughter she handed me
the m‘rror, and I saw my face. Did
I say I had rubbed the perspiration
from my brow? Jn, is what I should
have said and with it, streaks of soot
from the lantern. When I musingly
stroked my chin I had given that a
liberal coating of black too, and in a
spirit of wild generosity had streaked
my piquant nose as well.

Oh, Mr. Galsworthy! Great is
your fame and you are eagerly read in
the halls of the great and the hall
bed-rooms of the learned; but I
venture that never before were you
used as a sedative, in the windy
while between midnight and dawn,
by a frightened, dirty faced flat
dweller, dropped by chance into a
tent in the Canadian Rockies!

I was not to be persuaded to go
fishing after such a night, so the
Fisher woman put out the hght and
I went to sleep, not waking until
nine o’clock—the proper hour for
normal people.

After breakfast we walked across
the meadow, and along the road at
the foot of the mountains to the
Cameron Falls.

Why Cameron I do not know; but
in spite of an ordinary name, sug-
gestive of porridge, they are wonder-
ful. A high, narrow gorge forces a
silvery, dashing stream down on a
wide shelf of rock. From this it falls,
a sheer wall of water to another ledge,
and then tumbles in a fairy cascade
to the river below irridescent in the
sunlight, and sprinkling the worded
banks with its spray.

On the other side of the river and
along the: lake shore is a fertile
plateau, strewn with a profusion of
wild flowers—Indian Paint Brushes,
scarlet and yellow, purple Sage Brush

THE ROCKIES MISTS
Hare Bells, White Anemones, and
everywhere quantities of strawberries.

We found a pleasant spot in this
meadow away from the wind, where
we could lift our eyes to the towering,
purple peaks or rest them on the cold
bright lake, and there we read aloud
from Hillaire Belloc’s “Path to

" VIEWS OF THE LAKE AND MOUNTAINS.
THE TENTS WHERE WE SLEPT.

eS eas ee

PM es SRP URT Te e AN Pees te ey | We Pe rea
~ 4314 ROD D GU
Rome.” There is a book to take

with you on a holiday. Be advised
by me, and when your bookseller
tries to sell you “‘My experiences as a
Spy” or the “Secrets of the German
Emperor,” as good holiday reading,

oon G a perce ae 4 vi sab oe re 4 ia \ om ;
IN CANADA — a!
: : vag bE yey ace hy farina i's ,
hp ee
a man as Kipling writes: ‘East is

East, and West is West and never the:

twain shall meet.” They surely met
in the mind of “‘Kootenay” Brown,

After so poignant a reminder that
‘“Man is but dust” it seemed as if a

FUNERAL OF KOOTENAI BROWN, WATERTON LAKE, JULY, 1916.

spurn his offer, and buy Belloc in-
stead.

The next day, as it was much too
windy to fish with any pleasure, we
went for a motomdrive.

As we ascended a steep hill a young
deer bounded in front of the motor.
Our road curved around the moun-
tains, with here and there glimpses
of the lake. The land is chiefly
wooded but in a clearing on the lake
shore, beneath a clump of willows,
we saw a small group of people
standing beside an open grave. There
at his own request, beside the body
of his first Indian wife, and near the
little cabin where they had lived, was
being laid to rest the body of “‘Koote-
nay” Brown who had been the first
white man in the region. An Etonian,
and graduate of Christ Church, a one
time member of the Indian army,
an adventurer and a wanderer, he
had packed across the Isthmus of
Panama, fought for gold at ‘‘Frisco,”’
been given an elephant by an Indian
rajah in the east, and his daughter
by an Indian chief in the west, and
in his last will and testament he men-
tioned only the Thesosphical Society
at Point Loma, and his wife ‘‘Neitch-

_ ma-quo-si-sa”’., and yet even so wise

shadow fell across the sun ie the

west wind instead of trumpeting a

poem was wailing a dirge. We drove
back to the hotel, ate pork and raisin
pie—Dr. Wiley is unknown in moun-
tain hotels,—drank tea, and talked
about old times, sudden storms, vio-
lent deaths and the best sort of bait
for big fish, if men who live close to
nature are better than those in cities,
and if prohibition is practical. ‘The
man of the party waxed eloquent,
and in a fine frenzy edged so close to
the stove, that his wife was forced to
spoil his finest flight by warning him
not to burn his coat tails.

That night I persuaded the Fish-
erwoman to share my tent, and as she
talked long and learnedly on the
relative values of face creams, I went
to sleep easily.

The next day, being still windy,
we decided to fish for lake trout from
the shore—rather mad, but what
would you? We fished an intermin-
able time, without a bite, and in
desperation I went off to the woods
and picked pine needles for a pillow—
a nice, feminine occupation—while the
Fisherwoman took a boat and trolled,

leaving her husband stolidly holding

his rod on the shore.

mr

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a
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:

to the point where he was.

Beis. . oWist as ‘the motor that was to take
‘us back to town drove up to the hotel
door, I heard a whoop of triumph
from the man on the shore, and a
frenzied yell, “bring the net’. He
had caught a big fish, and his wife
had the landing net in her boat!
Should you consider that a just
cause for divorce? But with quick

wit, eg sped the situation at

once, and Yowed with all her speed,

I went

_ by the land route, but she got there
first, only to find that the net was
too small!

Shades of Isaac Walton, what a
moment—such a to-do! And what
do you think Mrs. Fisherwoman did?
Owing largely to her husband’s pre-
judices, she was wearing a petticoat,
and now taking it off, with the aid of
several large stones, she made a very
creditable landing net, and her hus-
band was successful in playing the
fish into it. Eleven pounds it was
on the hotel scales, and eleven and a
quarter on the kitchen scales at
home. The gallery god got in a nice
bit in climax that day.

Can’t you feel the sense of perfect
bliss and self satisfaction which cloth-
ed us, as we left the place? For of
course such a catch casts a reflected

- glory, and I expect.to talk about it as
a personal thing at many a winter fire.

It was with many a backward

glance that we drove away from the
Waterton Lakes, but some day we
hope to return.

Driving through the mountains, I
gave a cry of surprise, for down the
side of a rather sheltered peak, were

- surely marching men—but no, it was

only a clump of rusty fir trees, and the
others laughed at my fancy.
On and on, we went, taking time
now to look at the country—past
little ponds where ducks flaunted
themselves in our faces, seeure in the
protection of the close season—past
lonely ranch houses, defiant in their
_ isolation, past hay fields, and wheat

| felde and creeks aud ives + forks,

ee cola

to a ranch house for tea.

This was more like an eastern f
house than a typical ranch whe
often men “batch”? with a Chine:

A buxom Scotch—I mean Scots-
woman gave us an excellent mealina
spotless dining room, and iatrodedd
us to her men folk, two prosperous,
well fed looking farmers. Everything
in the house shone, and the garden _
was a thing of beauty. Even the ©)
house plants and the cat looked as if. ii ‘
they were liquid veneered once a a
week, and the enlarged photographs _
on the walls, and Peloubets Notes on —
Sunday School Lessons, suggested a ©
small eastern town. As we left our —
hostess gave me a pot of bergamont,
that I hope will grow foreverand keep
green as her memory. pee

After so pleasant a rest we were in
the proper psychological mood toen-
joy the drive and the sunset. It is
only the poorly fed who feel jolts in
ie road, and see signs of rain in the 4
sky. Muh.

And the sunset! Oh, the glory of
it! The whole sky was suffused with
those tender tints of pink and blue
that seem to belong to youth—and
the mountains were now almost veiled
in a purple mist with here and there
a glint of snow, and overhanging
them a heavy, impenetrable bank, of
deep, deep, blue gray, that as we
drove, broke and showed openings,
where the light of the shrouded sun
shone through. At one point it looked
like a gate way—to the Land of
Heart’s Rest—and at another like a
torchlight procession; then like a
camp fire; and last of all and most
fitting, a tender little gleam like the
Lights of Home.

The hush of evening was over all the
land. The end of a perfect day had
come, and with a sense of foreboding
and awe, we drove back to a town,
where we could read the latest cas-
ualty list.

CAMP MINNEWAWA.

PART OF TENTS AND DINING SHACK, ALGONQUIN PARK.

SOME CANADIAN VACATION CAMPS

MABEL BURKHOLDER

F you are one of the fortunate
| persons, who, no matter what
your present age, can remember
just what it felt like to be young,
you will understand the yearnings of
the average schoolboy, when vaca-
tion time comes round, to pack the
utmost pleasure and profit—mostly
pleasure—into the few short holiday
weeks. To play, to have adventure,
to recuperate, yet not to waste time
wholly—this is the ambition of youth
set free from studies. Perhaps there
are a dozen jolly larks the boys talk
over among themselves, but as soon
as they are mentioned in the family
circle the older folks object, “It isn’t
safe! You couldn’t think of going
there without your elders! You
don’t know if such places are run by
nice people—and, besides, my dear
fellow, you haven’t got the price!’
Vacation Schools, or Summer
Camps, have solved the holiday prob-
lem for many boys in America: for
they’re safe, they’re not too expen-
sive, the right kind of people run
them, and they’re uproariously jolly.
Comparatively few parents under-
stand in full the working of these

summer camps, nor do they realize
what a beneficial influence they exert
over the nation’s youth, nor how
advanced their methods‘ are and how
modern their equipments. And as for
the boys themselves, doubtless there
are hundreds who would like to avail
themselves of the advantages offered
by summer camps who have never
even heard of them.

A few years ago an agitation arose
both in England and America to
try to find a better and safer way
for the youths of the large prepara- —
tory schools to pass their vacation ~
than by lounging at fashionable sum-
mer resorts or watering places. Was
it possible to establish summer
schools, where the young people could
be practically free from study and
restraint, yet under the care of com-
petent persons who had made the
understanding of boys their life work,
institutions where they could work a
little, be entertained much, and be
out of harm’s way. .

Canada came to the rescue; her
lake and forest region solved the
problem as far as America was con-—
cerned. She had to offer many such

1316 -

AVN Ma UCU Ar aa Yue, eee eee yee
Weve - v7 : i

° SOME CANADIAN

4

places as Timagami Forest Reserve,
Algonquin National Park, and the
Muskoka District. The idea was
seized upon first by Americans, and
later by our native-born, to establish
boys’ summer camps in these glorious
wildernesses, and to place them under

HIS FIRST FISH: A TEN POUND TROUT FROM
WHITE FISH BAY.

the care of university graduates, pro-
fessors in either preparatory schools
or colleges. There are now in our
north country a.score or more of
splendidly equipped vacation schools,
to which annually many happy
youths repair, to their own immense
satisfaction as well as the. satisfac-
tion of their parents and guardians.

Perhaps the most famous, as well
as the oldest Boys’ Camp on the
continent is Keewaydin, an American
camp in the heart of a Canadian
wilderness. This camp was founded
in 1893, on Devil’s Island, in Lake
Timagami, in the middle of the Tim-
agami Forest Reserve. In an article
on “Summer Camps for the Nation’s
Youth,” which appeared in ‘Sub-
urban Life’for May 1908, Keeway-
din was characterized as “‘the stan-
dard boys’ camp of America.”

To this camp come every year a
large number of American boys from
cities as far west as Minnesota and

VACATION CAMPS

Soh PMMA ba i iy Si ka
; wits : i Bali

Wee aaN |

1317,

Mins
as far south as Florida. The camp
is managed by a Harvard graduate,
assisted by a staff of instructors from
a dozen of the leading preparatory
schools of the Eastern States. Be-
sides the staff there is a large corps
of Indian guides from the posts of
the Hudson’s Bay Company, who
help train the campers in the little
arts and crafts of the camp and trail.

To understand the equipment and
management of Keewaydin would bea
to obtain a pretty fair idea of all
other boys’ camps. However, all are
noted for different things. We might
mention the University School Camp
for Boys, situated also in the Tim-
agami Reserve, and conducted by
instructors from a school of the same
name in St. Louis, Mo. This school
has the right of certification to many
leading colleges, and book work ac-
complished in the summer schools
will be credited to whichever school
is desired. Parents who do not wish
the school work for their boys may
enter them simply as campers.

Another famous vacation school
in Timagami is Cochrane Camp,
established as far back as 1899 and
managed by Mr. A. L. Cochrane of
the Upper Canada College, Toronto.
This.camp makes a special feature of

RASPBERRY SHORTCAKE FOR DINNER

the art of swimming, and is affiliated
with the Royal Life Saving Society.
No boy who has spent the season

4 ih yk “bm Bt

1318

in this camp has returned home un-
able to swim, and every year many
medals and diplomas are carried
home to all parts of the country.
The camper learns the safest and best
methods of towing a drowning person
to land, how to act when seized with
cramps, how to undress in the water,
and many other feats necessary to
learn before one can feel thoroughly
at home in or upon the water.
Coming southward we find many
famous boys’ camps in Muskoka and
Algonquin National Park. Camp
Waubeno, on a well-wooded island
in beautiful Cache Lake, Algonquin
Park Station, has an ideal location.
There is no better fishing ground
in America, and certainly no finer
spot to see ‘and photograph all sorts
of wild life. Hunting is not allowed
within the park boundaries, there-
fore the wild creatures are not in
dread of being killed, and gaze cur-
iously and fearlessly at the passer-by.
The beaver are very numerous, and
may be seen at work on still evenings.
Otter and mink are in abundance.
Altogether this is an ideal camp
for the botanist, the naturalist, the
_ photographer, and the collector.
Camp Minnewawa is also situated
in this delightful region and offers
the same advantages for nature study.
Camp Otter, managed by professors
from Cornell University, Ithaca, N.Y.
is on the borders of Algonquin Park
in the Lake of Bays District.
Nearest of all to the big cities of
southern Canada and northern United
States is Camp Couchiching, on the
shore of the lake bearing the same
name. This famous camp is con-
ducted by the Boys’ Club of the Cen-
tral Y.M.C.A., Toronto. It is open
to all boys of good character over
thirteen years of age, on payment
of the camp fee of five dollars per

AT >. PPL eee Ge we bis ai) pals feat th

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA (he ae

a hundred and fifty boys ats once

and in equipment it is surpassed by
none.

Is life at a summer camp work or
play? Education or recreation? The
boys who attend never seem able to
decide. It seems to be a subtle ad-
mixture of the two. All through the
summer the campers’ get practical
training in swimming, canoeing, fish-
ing, camping, tramping and wood-
lore. But how much of that a boy -
can take without considering it work!
They learn how to pitch a tent, how
to cook over a camp-fire, how to
travel in the bush, and sleep in the
open. They eat twice as much as
full grown men. The sun tans them
to the color of their Indian guides.
They scorn the tent at night, and
srow indifferent to the weather. There
is nothing like such a life to make a
boy manly and self-reliant, and thor-
oughly able to care for himself in the
bush or out of it.

Boys’ summer camps will continue
to grow in popularity by leaps and
bounds, because they offer to young
lads so much more for their money
than they can get in any other way.
Suppose a boy went to the very same
region, accompanied by his parents,
or alone. Could he hope to learn
fancy swimming stunts, take part in
boat races, or indulge in week-long
canoe trips? Would it not be found
too expensive to be thought of for
him to hire the services of an Indian
guide for his own individual pleasure
and instruction? It is by all putting
in together that the boys are able to
enjoy: these unique privileges at mod-.
erate expense. The more people
realize what a vast influence for good
these summer schools in the woods
have over the youthful mind, just
so fast will they grow in public favor

week. This camp will accommodate from year to year.

~

In contrast with the general failure to es-
tablish the Hungarian or European partridge
in the United States is the success attained in
British Columbia. A recent report states
that an open season of two days was declared
on these birds last year. On November 13
and 14, 1915, shooting was allowed in the
Delta District. Many hunters were in the
field, but only small bags were obtained.
Probably 400 or 500 birds were killed.

"OF A "AN OLD COUNTRY AN a

have been living in Toronto for
the past four years; tied pretty
closely to professional work and
with little time for sport or recrea-
tion. As a West of England man I
am a keen angler and my love for
the “gentle craft’? remains unabated;
but I have found opportunities for
its practice lamentably few and far
between as far as Toronto and its
immediate neighborhood are con-
cerned. ‘There should be good coarse
fishing on Lake Ontario, close to this
City; but the introduction of Ger-
-man Carp by some misguided en-
thusiast many years ago has _ prac-
tically ruined it. These Carp grow
to an immense size (15 lbs. and up-
wards are not uncommon) but they
are useless either for Sport or for
the table. It is therefore necessary
for the Toronto angler to go much
further a-field and this makes things
difficult for the enthusiast whose
time and income are more or less
limited! Those who are more for-
tunately placed than the writer can
get some of the finest sport they can
desire in the Rivers and Lakes of
North Ontario and Quebec; especially

certain extent.

My first fishing trip was to the
pretty little town of Niagara-on-the-

_ Lake; situated on the Canadian side
of the Niagara River at the point
where it flows into Lake Ontario.
I found comfortable and reasonable
accommodation at Addison’s “‘Lake
View’ Hotel (close to the steamer
landing, where the Toronto-Niagara
_ Boats call several times daily) where
_ I arrived a few days after the open-
_ ing of the Season for Black Bass on
June 16th. three years’ ago. This
i visit was a successful one, and I put
the landing net under my first Black
_ Bass the day after my arrival; in fact
_ during the week I stayed at Niagara-
_ on-the-Lake I had nothing to com-
_ plain of as far as Sport was concerned,
but the very rapid current of the

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“TYETH Bounsann

if they are prepared to rough it to a.

- Vn.

if \4i

Niagara River is a arth drawback. ©
The best place for Bass is.close to the -
ort Niagara —
on the American side but the current —

little promontory under

runs about 8 (or more) miles an hour,
so that paternostering with heavy
sinkers and stout tackle to correspond
is the only practical method of fish-
ing!
live club (about 4 inches long) which
the local professional fishermen charge
about 50c. a dozen for; and small
crawfish (locally called “‘crabs”’) at
the same price. There is no water
suitable for spinning, although I killed
a few decent Bass by trailing a small
bright spoon over the Shoal water
just north of Fort Niagara. This
water is infested with weeds how-
ever, which renders trailing rather
difficult. There are plenty of Perch
in these waters but they run very
small; although they seem identical
with our English Perch, a half-pound-
er is an exceptionally large specimen.
Boat and attendant at Niagara-on-
the-Lake cost $4.00 per day, and the
latter will provide rods and gear
(of a kind) if you desire it.

Two subsequent visits to this lo-
cality were most disappointing as
far as the Bass were concerned, al-
though I got a few small Pike and
had some fair sport spinning for Lake
Herrings from the Steamer Wharf.
These Herrings only come in from
deep water in the early summer; they
run up to three pounds or so and
give good sport.

This season I made up my mind
to go further afield and, the last week
in June, of last year, took a run up
to Parry Sound; a little town and an
inlet (or “Sound”) running up from
the Georgian Bay, the head-
quarters of the Lumber Trade of
the district and about 150 miles
from Toronto. The Georgian Bay
is chiefly remarkable for its Islands;
there are said to be 30,000 of them,
several from a few square yards to
several square miles in extent and

The most killing baits are small ©

f volcanic origin. These
the numberless sunken
rocks and’ shoals render navigation
intricate and-almost dangerous when
you get out of the main channels,
which are éfficiently lighted and
buoyed; but) the fishing is unusually
good, especially amongst the smaller
Islands. The weather during my
June visit left much to be desired,
as it was cold, wet, and stormy most
of the time. I put up at the Hotel
Kipling, where I found an old Bright-
on man (Mr. Manley) in charge, to
whom and his good wife I owe a
considerable debt of gratitude for
much kindness and consideration. I
engaged a young Indian to pilot me
during my stay (especially as this
was more a visit for exploration pur-
poses than anything else) paying him
$3.00 per day for the use of his boat
and his own services as guide. In
spite of the unfavorable weather
“Enoch” managed to show me some
sport. I killed three or four brace
of Bass, four brace of Lake Trout,
and a few good Pike under his guid-
ance; and saw enough of the district
to decide me to spend a longer time
there later on. The day previous
to my departure, I visited a small
Inland Lake of about 40 or 50 acres
in extent lying in the depths of the
Bush about six-miles from Parry
Sound. Here I had fine sport, three
of us killing 30 good sized Bass in
about two hours; and, incidentally,
being almost devoured by the “Black
Flies’ which are the curse of the
woods in this country during the
early summer. Mosquitoes generally
leave me alone (I have lived in some
of the worst places for them in Cen-
tral America and East Africa, and
have never used a “‘Mosquito Bar’
yet!) but these voracious little pests
were evidently not so _ particular.
When I returned to the Hotel my
face, neck, ears and hands were cov-
ered with coagulated blood! There
was not much irritation at that time,
but during the whole of the succeed-
ing week I suffered the utmost in-
convenience and failed to find any
lotion or Ointment which would re-
lieve the acute irritation. The moral
is—keep out of the woods until at
least the middle of July.

Wiad a atledvuts te. leo.

“ROD AND GUN

‘August; and was glad enough to go as a

PL Bi Male eles bah Ph, Vee

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AM, fi ‘ Muth, ies
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iy
tee

During my short preliminary
to Parry Sound, I made the acquaint-
ance of one of the best of gobddelioaae
and sportsmen it has ever beenmy —
good fortune to meet—Jas. Allan, a —
very well known local merchant. To
any one reading these notes who may
visit Parry Sound, I would say “Go
Thou And LD» Likewise!’ That is if
you are a good fellow and keen sports-
man yourself! What ‘Jim’ Allan
does not know about local conditions
and facilities is not worth knowing,
and his experience and help were of
the utmost service to me. Through
his kindness I was introduced to a
Mr. M (he is such a modest and
retiring fellow that I dare not give
his name in full) who had recently
purchased three small Islands about
twenty-five miles distant from Parry
Sound. The largest of these Islands
is not more than ten acres in extent
and is separated from the other two
(neither of which is over an acre)
by narrow deep channels. To those
of our readers who may know this
district, these three Islands are near
Franklin Island (one of the largest
in the Georgian Archipelago) and
within three or four miles of the open
lake. M ., ike myself unfortun- —
ately, is well over military age, and,
finding that we were congenial spirits,
I ultimately arranged to camp out
with him on his largest Island during ~
August; expenses to be “50—50’’which
is the Canadian term for sharing
equally.
Accordingly I left Toronto early in

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the shade temperature was well over .
100 in the “Queen City,” with an —
unusually high percentage of humid- |
ity. A six hours’ hot, dusty, and —
none too comfortable railway journey ~
ended at Parry Sound just about dusk —
where I found my friend M . and —
the motor-launch, all ready for our ~
twenty-five mile run to his Island. —
This voyage was none too pleasant. —
There was no moon, and the darkness ~
was accentuated by the heavy smoke ©
proceeding from Bush fires, some of —
which were of very considerable mag- —
nitude. M is a great pilot and —
we got on all right until we left the —
main channel leading from Parry —
Sound into Lake Huron and struck —

a

FISHING EXPERIENCES IN CANADA

Courtesy Canadian Pacific Railway Co.

HOLE IN THE

WALL

-

GEORGIAN BAY

Ee TAN ETE TIC! PN CAR eee ME TRE EoD ee ie

Ne eae

Ms
ty,

SEO IONE TOS

-troubles began!

u
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1322

Then our
We dared only pro-
ceed at about quarter speed, as the
Channels are generally tortuous and
often narrow; the Islands too, lie low,
one Island is much like another,
and neither of us were greatly sur-
prised when M “took the wrong
turning’ and we ran high up on a
shelving rock between two i them.
Luckily there was no harm done as
we were running dead slow, and after
strenuous efforts to shove off we
came to the conclusion that the only
thing to do was to wait until daylight.
The cushions of the launch made
make-shift beds and we managed to
get three or four hours’ sleep until
the early dawn. Daylight, and the
use of a young pine tree which we cut
down to serve as a lever, soon enabled
us to get afloat again; and we arrived
at our Camp about 5 a.m. These
waters are no place for cruising in
after dark; in addition to the danger
from rocks (sunken and otherwise)
there is the risk of hitting one or
more of the heavy logs which have
broken away from the Lumber Rafts
and which have to be carefully looked
out for even in broad daylight. Be-
sides these floating logs there are
many ‘“deadheads’’: the local name
for a log which has become so saturat-
ed that one end sticks to the bottom
leaving a few inches only of the other
and just awash. Ina very slight sea
these “‘dead-heads’” are almost in-
visible.

The equipment of our Camp was
primitive and simple. Two small
square tents (one as a Sleeping place
and the other as a store and dining
room for use in -wet weather), an
ancient folding iron range for cook-
ing, and an ice-box for cold storage
were the chief items. Our beds con-

towards the North West.

sisted of pine boughs, well covered -

with dry moss, and I never slept
better nor more comfortably. We
largely depended on fish for com-
missariat purposes and had ample
supplies of bacon, canned goods, ete.
for a change of diet. A weekly trip
to Parry Sound kept us supplied with
bread (this got a bit stale by the end
of each week but was rendered palat-
able by toasting slices on top of the
hot cooking range), groceries, and

¢

ROD AND GUN

aaa
oy. tes

IN CAN irae }

gasoline; but beyond this we

make the best of what we had. I am

an old globe-trotter and a fairly good

cook, so that we did not do badly —

although our fare was simple enough.
In addition to the motor launch, we
had a good-sized double-bowed row-
boat; an absolute necessity for fish-
ing in these waters. The weather
was extremely hot during the whole
of my stay, and our usual programme
was to rise at about 4.30 and fish
until 7 o’clock, when we would re-
turn to camp for a substantial break-
fast. When this had been enjoyed
and the usual washing up and ‘“‘chor-
es’ duly completed, we would get
on the water again until mid-day,
when we took a light meal followed
by a siesta which aisually lasted until
nearly five o’clock. We usually fish-
ed from then until dusk, returning to
cook and enjoy our supper and “turn-
ing in” about nine o’clock.

The Fishery Law in Canada limits
the catch of small-mouthed black
bass to 8 (I think that is the correct
number) per rod per diem. We could

have greatly exceeded this quantity —

but contented ourselves with killing
just sufficient for our consumption
and returning all but good-sized speci-
mens. Owing to the intense heat the
bass did not bite freely at any time
during my visit; instead of their usual

rush at the bait, they seemed to —

examine it before biting. We found
it necessary to let them actually start
carrying the bait away before strik-
ing. Almost the only exception was

the largest bass we landed, a fine

fish of about five pounds who took
a small green frog within a yard of
the boat just as I was reeling in pre-
paratory to leaving a spot where we
had tried all kinds of bait without
result. I don’t know which was most

surprised, the fish or myself—but he _

was soon safely in the boat.

Pike and pickerel were quite off
their feed; a few small pike (about
two or three pounds) and one pickerel
were all we caught. The former run
to a very respectable size but are said
to retire to deep water during the
extreme heat. They are mucle like
an English pike (but rather browner

in color) and reminded me of many
pleasant winter days spent in Wind- “I

ff.

oe)
try
y

sy |
7

4

o

aint iui Ra CL aR ee ih) Ot ola i sige DU a il

sor Great Park on Virginia water;
with that fine old fisherman—Robert
Oborne—in attendance. Pickerel be-
long to the same family as pike, but
are a much handsomer fish. Shorter,
broader and deeper in the body, and
of a lovely golden brown color. They
are better eating too, and grow to
large size. The muscallonge (locally
called “‘lunge’’) is plentiful but my
first of them is yet to kill. They
have been known to scale up to eighty
pounds and even more, and a tustle
with a “lunge” of even medim size
should be exciting. ee:

The Lake Trout are only to be
caught in very deep water during the
summer months, and the usual meth-
od is to trail for them, using about
two hundred feet of thin copper-line

picture wire would be just the thing)
and a lead sinker of say % lb. The
usual bait seems to be a strip of metal
about 4 in. by 34 in., bright on one
side and brown on the other, and
bent so as to wobble, as it is drawn
through the water. In fact is is
usually known as the ‘“wobbler’’
spoon.

# On my June visit to Parry Sound
I tried a Sea Paternoster (baited with
two lively young chub and with a
2 oz. lead) with satisfactory results;
letting the boat drift or be rowed at
say two miles per hour and feeling
bottom with the lead all the time.
Lake trout run up to forty pounds
or more, but the largest I got was a
six-pounder. As far as_ personal
experience goes they are not good
fighters and do not yield the sport
that one expects from a trout!

I found Paternostering, with fine
tackle, to be the most killing method
of fishing for black bass under the
weather conditions prevailing during
my visit. Next came trailing from
a row-boat and spinning; either from
a stationary boat or the bank. The
different kinds of artificial spinners
on the market are innumerable, but
about the best of the lot is a very
small red and silver spoon (about
half the size of an ordinary tea spoon)
hanging loose on a piece of gimp in
front of two large hooks whipped,
tandem fashion, thereto; just like
the good old “‘Stewart’s Tackle” with
which I have killed many a good trout

‘
\

__ FISHING EXPERIENCES IN CANADA Biba ye

in bright, clear water more years
ago than I care to think about! A
big dew-worm (or in its absence a
bit of bacon rind) hung on these
hooks renders this small spinner a
very deadly lure for bass, ete.
It is hardly worth while to go into
the daily details of my fishing in

the Georgian Bay; suffice it to say —

that I had only one blank day, on
which I was compelled to catch a
dozen or so of perch for commissariat
purposes; as I have said before, these ~
fish run very small compared to
those in English waters, but they
make good eating when skinned and
fried. My holiday was an unquali-
fied success from every point of view
and I hope to repeat it next season.

Any English readers of the ‘‘Field”’
can easily obtain books and‘‘Fold-
ers,’ giving particulars, maps, and
photos of the Georgian Bay with its
30,000 Islands, the Muskoka Lakes,
and many other fishing places in
Northern Ontario and Quebec, from
the Grand Trank Railway Company’s
London office. I do not know if the
Canadian Northern Railway has an
office in London; if so, they also pub-
lish much useful literature on the
same subject which would also be
easily available.

Now a few final words as to tackle,
etc. I found a stout split-cane, 6 ft.
6 in., casting Rod a most useful wea-
pon for all purposes; especially when
fitted with a short (say 18 in.) stiff
top joint for boat fishing. The rod
I used is of American make, fitted
with agate rings and a “locking”
winch-fitting which obviates all dan-
ger of Rod and Reel parting com-
pany at a critical moment; an ex-
perience which I have often suffered
from in the past. A wooden “Not-
tingham”’ reel would be ideal for this
work, but I am told that the wood of
which it is made will not stand the
variations of our Canadian climate
and quickly warps or splits. I am
using a metal reel (of American make,
costing $1.50) which runs very freely
for casting and has an efficient check.
The line I have used this season is of
Japanese plaited silk, with a guar-
anteed breaking strain of 20 pounds.
It is very fine, does not kink, and
I found it thoroughly efficient even

Tee ee. | rae! are tee he er

oe

Fi el ec ee ee cee
eaten Nit in

Mayas

< pe ike a ale

ae ee) ee

sal (77 tach

when trailing for Lake Trout in deep
water with half a pound of lead as a
sinker! Its cost is 50c. for 25 yards
and I have 100 yards on my reel.

Most of the Native fishermen use
very coarse rough tackle; a gut trace,
or “‘‘leader’ is regarded as_ useless,
and even swivel traces are seldom
used when trailing or spinning. I
have always found and maintained
that fine tackle means more and
better fish; and therefore used strong
salmon gut “leaders’’ for “‘still’’ fish-
ing and paternostering, whilst gimp
and piano wire (I can strongly recom-
mend the latter) made efficient traces
for “trailing” and spinning. I would
warn anyone who may visit this
country against relying on buying
tackle in the small towns. The local
Grocer or Ironmonger may keep a
small stock, but that stock is gen-
erally unreliable as to quality and
will certainly be dear in price! I
would counsel such a one to spend a
day or so in Toronto before going

_ North and to visit J. A. Varley’s store

on Yonge Street. Mr. Varley is an
experienced and enthusiastic fisher-
man himself and I have invariably
found him most obliging and court-
eous. Needless to say, tackle of all
kinds is far more expensive here than
in England.

Now as to Baits—In most of

_ the Northern Lakes the “Dew” (or

cB ie ayy : Saas WRB
4 Ong Le) Sin a
yh f 4 rey ’ rie) hey i / 41 AN alld sp tans ‘
“Lob’”’) worm is a killing bait —

get them!
found in this part of the world and
it is necessary to import them. Their
cost in Toronto is $1.00 per 100, in-
cluding packing in moss. To this
must be added another 50c. (at least)
for express charges; to say nothing
of the risk of their dying on the
journey. In the hot weather it is
virtually necessary to keep them on
ice and pick them over every day.
“Chub” minnows are easily caught;
either with a small hook, a minnow
trap, or a net. They are plentiful
everywhere and make a deadly live
bait. Small green frogs are also a
killing bait, and may be easily caught
by the water’s edge on most of the
Islands. A small hand net is useful
for this business. I have already
described two of the Spinning Baits
which my own experience has proven
to be reliable. Another useful Spin-
ner, on which I have killed bass, pike
and pickerel, consists of two small
red and silver spoons mounted Tan-.
dem fashion with a small red and

Black Bass, but the trouble is to
Few or none are to be

>

white fibre tassel concealing the |

triple hook at the end.

Live baiting for pike is unknown —

here and I am thinking of sending
home for some Jardine or similar
Snap-tackle before next season com-
mences.—The Field.

A SIBERIAN TO THE RESCUE

The story of how a Siberian doe
played foster mother to two orphaned
Belgian hare is related by Mr. E. W.
Schell of Tisdale, Sask. in a recent
letter to Rod and Gun.

‘A Siberian and_a Belgian doe”
writes Mr. Schell, ‘‘kindled at the

- same time in hutches which were

placed side by side. One cold morning
when the young were but a few days
old the young;of the Belgian were
found to have-perished of the cold
and six dead ones (supposed to be her

Fl

7

full litter) were taken from the
hutch. The old one was then re-
moved and the hutch left open.
Five days later my little four year old
boy discovered that there were still
two little living Belgians in the nest.
The old Siberian had left her own
family of nine each night and gone
into the other hutch long enough to
nurse and re-cover the little Belgians.
We now call her the secretary of the
Belgian Relief Fund. ”

te

,
4

_F. V. WILiiams

up stream a noisy undulating

line of blue against the green
foliage, his harsh voice protesting
against the intrusion of a deep laden
canoe that rounded the point a
hundred feet below his fishing stand.
Small wonder this kingfisher was in a
hurry to get away, his was not the
only voice disturbing the silent places
on this particular morning. Mumb-
ling, grumbling surliness was express-
ed in the faces of two of the party in
the canoe, while the third a husky
guide sitting in the stern of the canoe
as helmsman gazed straight ahead as
if he was neither listening nor in-
terested in their ‘squabbles’. ‘Say!
can you imagine two fellows out on a
morning like this and wrangling over
—what? Well, Ill tell you,—don’t
laugh old top—the subject was pet-
ticoats,—and they, the petticoats,
were exactly two miles down stream
as the stream travelled, which was
some crooked, it sure was crooked and
fairly deep, and quiet like, and you
hardly knew you were on the lake so
slow was the current. The long ‘arm’
of the lake was only some hundred
feet wide here, and the two ‘squab-

Bp sizes went. clattering away

1325

blers’ in the fore part of the gray
colored canvas canoe were suddenly
brought back to their surroundings
by the guides abrupt question as to
whether they wanted to camp ‘on the
arm’ or go down further where the
lake broadened out. ‘“‘Which is the
best camping ground? queried the one
sitting amidships. And before the
suide could answer the sportsman
in the bow remarked. ‘‘Oh well you
know we won't get the best one, that
will go to the ladies, they always
‘queer’ a campin’ trip, never knew it
to fail yet, ““Never Again’’, for yours
truly and he subsided with a surly
shrug of his shoulders.

“One place is as good as another,”
the guide broke in, they’re both good
places only the biggest fish -are
generally found at the next beach.
“Hey! steady there!’ from the guide
as he grasped both gunwales of the
canoe and scowled at the fellow in the
bow who had tried to turn round to
talk.

Not abashed in the least by the
guide’s tone, the other faced forward
again and yelled back over his
shoulder:

“We'll go to the next beach.”

an el y> a, a |) ie Zar sm era kk ae 2 ’
4 rY ")
i

yy

aT ial WR

The second occupant of the little
craft shruged his shoulders, and the
guide utterly ignored by his passen-
gers grinned sarcastically and put a
little more energy on the paddle, the
remainder of the trip being made in
silence until the little craft put her
‘nose’ into the sandy beach and the
three leaped out glad of a chance to
loosen up their stiff joints after the
long paddle.

There was a tent to pitch, firewood
to gather, and then some ‘eats’ to be
prepared, and all these things take
time, but they were finally accom-
plished, and the guide and one of the
party got into the canoe and started
on the “back trail’’,—‘‘water trail’
at that, if you are argumentive.
*Way back there, one of the party
thought were the remainder of the
party, a man, his wife and a lady
companion. ‘These were the trouble
in Mr. George Brown’s imagination
that had begun to spoil the trip, but
both Mr. Johnson and Calvin Hender-
son “‘Cal for short’’, the guide, were
not only amused but mightily in-
terested to see how the ladies would
take to the woods, not knowing that
Mrs. as well as Mr. Brock were both
old timers though this was their first
trip to these parts.

“Look!’— this from Cal—‘“‘Straight
ahead, see the smoke?”’ and there sure
enough Johnson could see a thin blue
spiral of smoke floating up over the
trees on the point and shortly after
the couple were rewarded on rounding
the point by seeing a goodly sized wall
tent of white canvas gleaming against
the dark foliage, making as pretty a
picture as one could imagine. The
effect on the two men was expressed
much as one would expect, Cal the
guide absorbing the picture and every
detail of the new camp, while Johnson
simply saw the picture, and—liked it.

They ran the canoe ashore and the
guide got out. He and Mr. Brock
were to have a small two man shelter

tent back from the lake while the

ladies had the wall tent and also ex-
tra blankets, luggage, etc. to look out
for in the larger habitation. .

“Well there’s nothin’ for one to do
here evidently,’’ remarked Johnson,
as he sat with one leg in the canoe and
the foot of the other leg on a nearby

neighborly old log that n vat
miniature landing place.

“Looks like you had a better camp

than our lovely selves,’’ he continued
at which Cal laughed uproariously, |
but Johnson understanding the reason ~
for the mirth looked a bit uncom-
rable.

“‘Never mind, Mr. Johnson, you
never know what sort of man your
best friend is till you get him on a
campin’ trip. It’s the big test.”

“It sure is, assented Johnson, ‘‘and
as you folks are all right I’ll be
going.” So saying he shoved off and
went back to the second beach.

The time passed quickly; glorious
weather, good fishing, and the camp
life made existence ideal, though
evenings were spent, sitting round
the campfire and listening to Cal’s
yarns of ‘out West’ and an occasional
fish story. This was down at the
“first beach”? while up at the second
beach Georgia Brown and Mr. John-
son generally had a smoke and sat
painting dream pictures of the “big
ones that always get away” in the
firelight before turning in for the
night.

The ‘first beach’ fishermen were all
equipped with Bristol rods, while up
at the ‘Second beach,’ there were none
at all, which same fact roused a spirit
of mischief in the guide and he made
several cross country visits between
camps.to tell of the catches made by
the ‘‘Bristols’ and how they had
withstood the wear and tear of camp
life, etc. all of which was perfectly
true but nevertheless irritating to
Mr. Brown, who sported a very fancy
split bamboo. One fateful day Mr. —
Brown decided to try for a big fellow
that was reported to have his home
under an old log that had lain half
sunken in the water for years, Geor-
gie hooked him too, but right there
his luck ended. The big fellow rushed
under the sunken log and out on the
other side. Brown tried to negotiate
the log, his line fouled in the attempt

and the bent rod carrying about all ~

the strain it possibly could with the ~
heavy fish doing his utmost to tear —
loose, came in contact with one of the
upright branches. There was a snap,
and Brown’s rod was in two pieces. —
He grasped the line and the broken ~

tip in one hand and holding the butt
in the other floundered over the log,
lost his hat, his temper, and a few
choice remarks, and wound up with a
regular yell, ““Never Again!’ Just
then a laugh from the bush opposite
where he stood with a now slack line
in his hand, told the story of another
“big one that got away.”

“Hey Brown, a Bristol wouldn’t

‘ have cracked like that,’ and looking

shoreward Brown saw a _ mirthful
guide who had evidently been collect-
ing firewood and witnessed the whole
catastrophe.

And then that last morning’s fish-
ing! Brown will never gorget that,
and neither will Mrs. Brock. Mrs.
Brock had started early, alone in the
red canoe, to pick up a bass or pickerel
for breakfast, and as the gray craft
from the second beach turned its bow
for the second time toward camp its

WELCOME THE BIRDS

Prepare at Once to Receive Those That Return in Spring

begin this very month to make ready

for them. When a bird sees a home he
likes he will walk right in without hesitation.
But birds, like other tenants, insist on cer-
tain conditions.

Some suggestions that will attact bird
tenants are offered by Mrs. Geo. M. Turner,
secretary of the Audubon Society, in the
Buffalo Express.

“Tf one desires a bird neighbor which nests
in a box, the first thing is to find out what
native birds nest in boxes,” says Mrs. Turner.
*‘The next step is to find out which of these
birds are likely to be found nesting in your
vicinity next season. The species of bird
desired being decided, the third step is to
maké sure what size box is required by that
species, how large the opening should be,
whether the bird likes a perch at the entrance,
at what height the box should be placed,
whether it is on a pole or building or in a
tree, which way the opening should face,
whether the bird will take nesting material
if placed near a nest site and what such ma-
terial should be.

“If one decides to attract a bird that does
not use a box, there is a wide field for study
in learning just how you can attract that
particular bird. Those who have made a

I you want bird neighbors next Spring,

\\

NEVER AGAIN

NS

Sd) 2, J

RMN)
occupants either trolling or cas
with only one small bass as a resul
they suddenly became aware that thi
red canoe was the centre of some great
excitement. The lady who had been
trolling, suddenly laid in her paddle
and they could see the supple steel rod
bend and glisten in the morning light.
It was a matter of some five minutes
before the fisher finally leaned slight-
ly and with a deft movement of the ~
landing net lifted a mighty bass into —
the canoe.

The others were there to meet her
when she landed, the bass still in the
net, and even Brown, as the guide
lifted the fish to his pocket scales and
remarked, “Five pounds and nine ~
ounces” glanced admiringly at the
Bristol and stated next trip he’d have
a “regular rod.’’ He has too. It’s
a De Luxe style, Bristol; some rod
believe us.

success of attracting birds and know how
to do it, have learned in three ways, through
reading, through observing and through ex-
perimenting. As surely as favorable condi-
tions are given, your guests will appear and
take possession of the nesting site and of
your heart as well. Btut you cannot have
them without infinite pains, infinite patience,
infinite perseverance. ,

“Tf you do not possess these qualifications,
better not try it. If you do, go at it witha
will. Do not expect to learn everything in
a day. See what others have seen and then
a great deal that is your very own. Keep
accurate dates and data, year after year and
in time you will come into a heritage of nature
lore that will make life worth living and keep
you always young at heart.”

Once satisfied with a nesting place, birds
are likely to return season after season to
the same location. They generally appear
suddenly and may take possession without
any formalities. Last season a wren took
possession of a house before it had been placed
one half hour. One bird-lover claims that
he has known a bluebird to decide on a box
before it was nailed in place. As soon as the
owner’s back was turned the bluebird entered
and made himself at home.

THE MONARCH OF THE GREY VOID

. a Ae a
om 4 bi vi" pate

Cy PERKINS

,.

; S the slaty gray of a beclouded
ah A arctic-night, succeeded the light-
* er gray gloom of that February
Fr day along the scintillant top-circle

of the hemisphere, the Doctor over-
turned his ivory-shod dog-sled; flung
the frozen folds of his double black-
silk tent to the biting breeze straight
r from the ultimate north, and, when
‘ the fabric had blown itself free from
its silvery fetters, quickly jointed the
tent-poles and, in a short time, was
; provided with shelter.
: Before his fat-lamp had melted
y the snow chrystals—(not flakes )—for
his soup-ration, he had flung their
: mete of frozen ‘dog-salmon’ to the
five ‘‘huskies’’ of his team, had beaten
the frost-rime from his ““Husson-bay-
bag’? and was ready for rest.

But, first, before he might ‘““worm”’
into the heat retaining embrace of
his bag, because Kaskaich, his dog-
team leader, had acted with malevo-
lent devilishness during the feeding,
he must place the malodored coils of
his long tump-line in circle about
his tent, lest, by some evil chance
the dog might seek ensanguined prey
beneath the black. é

Because he craved vegetable food;
not having eaten other than flesh
for three long days, he cut a frozen
ration from his intestine-cased blue-
‘ berry and bear-fat store, and, thaw-
a ed it, in his treasured tin-cup.

a Nearly eighteen hours later, as he
=e was dreaming of his kloochman (wife)
and of the youngsters whose shy

silence, when he was near, was as

Re dear to him as is the laughter and
ay noisy prattle of childhood to a more
Southern father’s ears; the moan of
e the frost-singing wind abated, for a
: moment, and he heard, or thought

he heard, the low-throated menace

me of old Kaskaich, as the steel-temper-
oa ed night ceased its frost-burdened
plaint.

Every sense instantly alert, he

listened until, after a short interval
he heard, far up the sprucefringed
- gorge of the Niukluk, the hunting
song of a wolf-pack; and, when the

1328

wind borne hunting-song of the white-
ravagers sounded closer—startlingly
close, to be precise, and, realizing
that the pack was undoubtedly run-
ning his own back-trail, he flung
back the furred fly of his bag, ‘““worm-:
ed” to the canvas floor; and, before
even attempting his flint and steel, .
which the loss of his marble water- :
proof match-safe, made an essential
for life preservation, withdrew his
“Parker” from its dog-skin case;°
chambered a brace of beech-charged,
U.S. Black-shells, and stepped out-
side his shelter to aid his now nearly
frenzied Malamutes, in whom hered-
ity was pleading for battle with such
blood-lust as dogs below the sixtieth
parallel know nothing of.

His mittened thumb, along the
upper edge of his cartridge-belt assur-
ed him that U.S.C. death messenger
aplenty were in waiting, and a glance
at the growing luminosity of the ice-
moon assured him that within a few
seconds his gloom-broadened pupils
would distinguish his surroundings
as clearly as need be.

As the fiendish chorus broke into
blood-clamor as the pack rounded a
cliff-shoulder not two hundred yards
upstream and saw the hunter, the
dogs slowly contracted their loosely
formed circle until they crouched,
bellies in the chrystal carpet, so close-.
ly encircling the Doctor’s feet that
he must needs have stepped over
the flattened fringe of potential death,.
to have stepped at all.

The soft ‘snick’ as the safety slipped
“off,”? the freedom from frost-grip, as
the mittens caressed the coldly blued —
barrels of the “‘perfect-pattern Park- —
er,’ were subconsciously reassuring —
to the Medico, as he half-leaned for- —
ward and, scowling, strove to pierce
the black shadows which must, mom- ~
entarily, yield the challenging horde. —

The pack-song of the white-rav- —
agers broke and died, mid-note, as ©
the dog-wolf saw the gray figure with —
its now silent animal guard, at the ©
rock-wall’s sheer foot; the leaping-
death checked its eager course at less.

hoped and then, bellies flattened to
the frost’s mantle, the jaunty tails
straight behind with never a sugges-
tion of their usual ‘“‘curl,’”’ the wolves
pressed slowly “in.”

Forty feet, thirty, twenty!

The Doctor could now plainly see
the ripple of the white shoulder ruffs,
as the snow’s “‘devils’’ came creeping
in, and hesitated, until the slow-

_ gripping, death’s half-circle, was not

more than fifteen gsloom-shrouded feet
distant—and waited with the gun’s

Jostam Recoil-pad hugged to his

shoulder; his brown whiskered cheek
pressing the polished stock of the-
P.P.P., until he could see the malig-
nant gleam of the great pack-leader’s
eyes, and—press a trigger.

Before the astonished wolves, hun-
ger maddened, might sense the situa-
tion, the left barrel coughed gray
shrouded death—and the great dog,
with rib-flattened old Molly whose
offspring the evil pack was, were the
inanimate toll to the man-draught.

Maddened by the odor of hot
blood, the pack hesitated—fatally—
after a leap or two backward, for the
gun-perfect was not to be denied, and
the death chambering black-shells
were fashioned for far greater ranges,
and, after the fourth report had stilled
its far-flung echoes only the puffs
of powdered: snow-dust from panic
driven wolf-paws testified to the pow-
er and precision of shells and gun.

It was a chill task—the stripping of

those strong odored lean bodies of

*

their silver-tipped: heavy haired pelts,
but the Medico persisted, stamping
and arm-threshing as lowered action
and the wind-eddies at the cliff’s
breast numbed his. extremities; and
the scarcely lighter break of midwinter
day found him finishing his gory
task.

The dogs had at first refused the
flesh of the Arctic dog’s nemesis, but,
as the task progressed, and he flung

‘scraps of still warm flesh beneath
_ their frost trimmed muzzles, one after

another had bolted the morsels, and ~

the stiff ruffs at their necks had sub-

va

_ sided, until, when the task was finish-

_ ed, every Malumute—belly crowded

“hes

PER Ns
r . + Ss attad
| ee ae
eae

THE GREY VOID

ilar ~ 0

for the first time since September— Se
was drowsily inactive.

—e

“old-timer”? who had barely reached

his little log-hut in time to cheat the
insatiable frost-devils of their prey,
gray night was again cloaking the

glistening snow-scape, and he must,
perforce, retrace his eerie path through
eddying snow-swirls while a shriek-
ing tempest gripped at his fur collared
throat, and snow-ice particles burned
his upper cheeks as ruby-hot sand
would have burned if flung with
mile-a-minute force.

With the wind at his back, upon
the return, he was passing beneath the
high river-bank, running with the’
dogs, at the moment, to regain com-
fortable warmth, when from the out-
leaning trunk of a deformed Arctic
spruce tree, catapulted a lynx—the
lynx which had become a whispered
tradition among both whites and
skimmies, because he alone braved
the “‘circle’s’”’ ice-bars throughout the
eight months of winter and four
months of early spring and late fall
which is the benison of the frozen-
edge.

With the uncanny keenness of the
wisest of his man-slaved race, the
great dog had flung himself aside
while the cat was in the air, and, when
tuft-ears, engulfed by the impulse
of his leap, in the dry, crustless, snow,
struggled to the surface, he faced,
until the Perfect-pattern Parker vom-
ited hot death, not the-negligible har-
nessed dog team, but, the most hated
and feared of all his enemies, man—
and not the half-sized, malodorous
skimmies whom he had watched with
flattened ears as they set their snares
and traps, but a giant man-thing
whose skin was rosily white, and who
as the death-hurler leveled before
the cat’s yellow-eyes, had an ex-
pression about his eyes which a fellow
man would have known for pleasure,
not tinged with any palsying grip of
fear.

With the crashing report of the
*‘Perfect-pattern”’ Parker, the cat re-
coiled, then blindly erected himself
upon his steel-muscled rear legs,
struck convulsively before his dim- |
ming eyes with a needle tipped, flesh

When the Doctor had, hours later Be
eased the torment of a frost-nipped )
e

~ buck” do we see anything?

ae

~
e:

Tn

Ta. Re Sa ine * od
M

1330 ROD AND.

tearing paw, and toppled to a frost
jeweled, blood garnished bed, so dead
that not the slightest reaction fol-
lowed the tentative punch with the
gun’s barrel with which the Doctor
tested his spasmodic muscular possi-
bilities before calling the skinning
knife into play.

‘Twas a heavy burden which the
Malumutes dragged into Council just
asithe lights in the “Last Chance”
were extinguished, but the Medico’s
heart was light, as he flung his bur-
dens inside the door to his quarters,
and drove the dogs to their blizzard
shielded “‘pen’’ behind the building.

When his great “Sunlight” lamp
had filled the cabin with light, and
his;““cannon”’ heater was driving the

AN AMATEUR ON A THREE-DAY
HUNT

SCar

IVE me the old arm-chair in the
home den, a pipe, and my old
friend and near neighbour W—

for a confidante and there are but
few men that can discourse as elo-
quently on bushlore as myself. The
habits of our native game, moose to
fieldmouse, bear to chipmunk, form
a topic of conversation that holds
him enthralled. True, his nearest
experience of the “close to nature”
business takes the form of an after-
noon in the park watching the squir-
rels, that’s why I get away with it.
But, strictly among ourselves,
brethren of the creel, shotgun, and
rifle, don’t we all sing a rather differ-
ent song when back there with the
boys to whom the bush is native ele-
ment? When following their swift
footsteps over the tangle of fallen
timber and through the brush do we
progress in that snaky silence so
necessary to a hunter? We do not.
When they point to the fallen leaves
and laconically mutter ““Tracks, big
Not as
a rule. For these, and many other
similar reasons do I humbly sub-
scribe myself an amateur, a raw be-

‘ey ;
pes

4 Busan tie Rael pa re

in the far- places.

2,
a Lat ~
x bea oe \N ;
ae Ne

final SHEE pei frost rok thea 0S-

phere, he, smiling phen tes re- 3
moved what he called his p-p-p- |
from its case; wiped the barrels free —
from powder-char and frost; care-—
fully rubbed it inside and out with —
Rem Oil gun grease; and when he:
awakened, hours later, he glanced at —
the unstretched pelts, grinned, turn- —
nee head to inspect his Parker and
said:

“Best pard any man can haye—
*Tis Thor’s ham- —
mer, when a real “punch” is needed.
No! That mining engineer cannot buy - —
it. °*Twould be as disloyal as would ~
be the betraying of a human friend— — ;
to send it to other hands.

/

ginner, any old name that suits the
case. These, however, are only a
few thoughts by the way, to sort of —
define the status of the writer, and
have little to do with the narrative.
October of the present year found ~
me stationed at Lindsay, a small, but
rising and well-known Ontario town.
The surrounding country is rich and ~
arable, closely peopled with prosper-—
ous farmers and literally cleared of —
every stick, yet friend Fred assured
me that within a few hours’ travel
by car lay a land of rocks and trees t
where the deer roamed free and i
numbers. An invitation to a few
days in this land of promise was fol-
lowed by quick acceptance and hasty
arrangements were made to_ leave
Lindsay on Oct. 31st. Friend Georg
was also invited and a farmer knoy
to his intimates as Alec. Be
Surnames are omitted, not for any
dark reasons, but merely because no
member of the elect is ever address ed
by such in a properly conta
hunting camp.
Our means of transport was §
“Tank,” at least it looked like 1 01
and behaved every bit as clic

as these instruments of modern war-

fare are said to do, ploughing its way

uphill and down dale with neither
stop nor blow-out.

A start was made at 9.30 a.m.
north and east from Lindsay, through
the rich but uninteresting land, over
the Pigeon Lake floating bridge
(thank Heaven a good deal safer than
its appearance would suggest) and
on to the village of Buckhorn.

After crossing Pigeon Lake the
sportsman will commence to sit up
and -take a little notice of the land-
scape. Gone are the solid farm-
houses and well tilled fields. wooded
hills and blue lakes are spread _ be-
fore the vision in many a magnificent
panorama. The ducks are breezing
their way overhead and all surround-
ings whisper to the sportsman of fish
in the depths and game in the deep
woods. Buckhorn is quite a popular
summer resort, deservedly so judging
by appearances. The fishing, lunge
and bass, is said to be magnificent,

_ scenery, duck and. deer hunting in

- season thrown in as extras.

After
a much needed meal a further journey
of three miles brought us to a farm
where awaited the remainder of the
party. Four native sons these, Fos-
ter, Joe, Mick and Tommy, typical
inhabitants of a land that breeds the
men of the quick eye and sure hand.
Personally I mistrusted their looks
immediately, they bore all the ear-
marks of those misguided enthusiasts

- that will at any time leave a nice

-

smooth road to enjoy plunging
through a well burnt over swamp.
A short wait for Alec, who was bring-
ing in his team was necessary, the
baggage was transferred from car to
express, the former was left in a barn
with our blessings and a start was
made on the four mile hike to camp.

Kipling has written quite feelingly
on the emotions of the Hill man on
returning to his beloved hills. They
can have but little on the feelings
inspired in the breast of the hunter
on his annual return to the bush,
here at last, on a regular trail, with

_ likely looking lurking places for all

creatures of fur and feather at every
step. The four mile walk is over
all too soon and we are at the abode

a gentleman introduced by the

rs dt) 2a
x ” a ag
ead ys ae w

AN AMATEUR ON A THREE-DAY HUNT

simple formula “Cap, this is. Jim. ;
Jim, as we learn during our stay has
lived here for the past nine years,

his chief occupation being the making

of “real” maple syrup. Years of
solitude have not soured a naturally
companionable and genial disposition,
and we soon rate Jim as O.K. and
feel towards him as a friend of years.

The camp*consists of several good
solid buildings, one fitted up for just
such parties as ourselves. We turn
in and commence fixing up our be-
longings, clean up, make up the bunks
and think of supper. Plenty of good
plain grub has been brought in by
the native sons, Alec producing a ham
that looks:like the hind-quarter of
an elephant and tastes like angel
food. After washing up, the usual
ancient pack of cards is produced
and we settled own to while away the
hours to bedtime. Imagine a party
of full grown males, inured to the
excitements of the great American
game and others more scientific, sit-
ting in their home or club and enjoy-
ing, yes actually enjoying, a game of
‘Euchre.’ Yet here we are, at first
smiling tolerantly at our horny hand-
ed chums as they slam cards and
knuckles down until the plates jump
and windows rattle, then finally get-
ting excited ourselves, entering into
arguments on technicalities of this
abstruse game, and even banging
our own tender knuckles on the pine
boards when placing the right bower
on the left or triumphantly scooping
the last trick.

Outside a thunderstorm raged, ra-
ther unusual for this season but every-
body prophesied fine crisp weather
to follow, which was consoling but
later proved entirely erroneous. We
“hit the hay” early but not, oh not
to sleep. No one ever does that the
first night in a hunting camp. Con-
versation dies out, starts up and dies
again. Just as we have turned over
for the seventy-seventh time Fred
pipes the question ‘“‘Who’s going to
get breakfast,’ an abrupt answer of
“You are’ from the corner and he
is duly elected. After deciding that
sleep is impossible we do drop off
and are awakened five minutes later
(or so it seems) still in darkness and
told that breakfast will be served in

avers eae Dan

1332

the dining car. Now we feel that
business has really commenced. A
good meal of ham, potatoes and real
black tea, pipes lit, and all is sét.
This was to be a dog hunt. How I
hear the still hunters snort. Well,
personally I prefer to still hunt, but
there are arguments for both sides.
The country in which we were hunt-
ing was rough and well covered with
bush, the nearest water being a lake
some two miles away. that we did
not cover. Our dogs were one hound,
one collie, and one hound pup. The
latter was of little use save in the
way of providing amusement. His
favourite stunt was to dash madly
off into the bush, lose himself after
a run of fifty yards, and then sit
down and howl until the intelligent
collie would fetch him out.

My post was but a short walk from
the camp, a wooded ridge command-
ing another good length of ridge about
one hundred yards distant. The re-
mainder were strung out in various
commanding positions, Foster and
Joe putting out the dogs. Probably
the behaviour of any amateur on the
runway is much the same. He is
left with many explicit instructions
and manfully decides to abide by
them to the letter. He takes his
stand, rifle ready for action and scans
the bush with eagle eye for any
movement. A black object in the
.middle distance bears a striking §re-
semblance to a bear. ‘The aforesaid
eagle eye is focussed more steadily.
No, it looks more like a sea-lion set
for a spring. Good Heavens, it mov-
es. No it doesn’t. He creeps closer
and perceives it to be a stump, goes
back to his post and has just decided
that he is an ass and that this hunt-
ing business is a frost anyway when
a squirrel, running on the leaves to
his rear, sends him leaping round
with his rifle at the ready and nerves
tingling. He now decides that he
has been there two hours and con-
sults his watch, which has stopped.
Wrong again it is, though still tick-
ing and he has only stood for twenty
minutes. After another twenty min-
utes the feeling of keen expectancy
has become dulled, the amateur has
forgotten his instructions, he is smok-
ing,’'jumping about to keep warm and

ROD AND CoN IN ADA pee ARH,

vigorously flapping his arms. ¥ This |
is the only sensible way to behave —
on a runway and apparently makes —
but little difference to one’s chances —
of ashot. George has a bright scheme.
He takes out some favourite classic, —
Kit Carson or the James Brothers, —
lies with one ear to the ground and
peacefully reads the hours away until —
some thing happens. Just as the
watcher has, drifted into a state of ©
indifference is usually the time for —
the baying dogs to make a sweep —
in his direction, this brings him a
ies and recalls him to a sense of —
ut
My own first morning on the run-—
way was devoid of interest other than
enjoying the fresh air and rest cure. —
On several occasions the dogs came —
near enough to be heard and distant —
shots were fired but that was all.
The party gathered me in about 11. 30.
a.m. It developed that Foster and —
Joe had each killed a nice doe over —
the dogs, Foster breaking the deer’s ©
neck at one hundred yards with one —
shot, Joe requiring two to bring down —
his quarry. During dinner we were
all enquiring what chances we had of —
a shot when the men with the dogs
could, kill them as fast as they came
out. It was decided that a sufficient-
ly good showing had been made for
one day and that the afternoon should
be devoted to bringing inthe spoils. —
Joe’s deer lay within a mile of the
road, but the other, and of course
the larger, was a good two miles.
We split into two parties. Having
a deceptive appearance of great
strength I was selected, along with
three of the native sons, for the longer
trip. The way lay over a nara
trail following the roughest route that
could possibly have been chosen, that
trail would shoot fifty yards out of
its course to lead over a fallen tredl
In occasional meadows were founé
many fox tracks, indeed there was
much to interest the eye when that
useful organ could safely be directec
elsewhere than on the ground.

About halfway on our journey ¢
hound commenced a_ little musi
about a mile away. My companion
immediately broke into a run af
I had perforce to follow or get los

I learnt then how these chaps. get th

bl at Slee
‘

A

hala
¥
+

7 KN AMATEUR ON A THREE-DAY HUNT

deer. They run them down. Pant-
ing and puffing I managed to keep
within gunshot and just before the
whole works were due to blow up
we met two hairy gentlemen in a
most disgruntled frame of mind. It

- aa

a, anys el
AR

“CAP” AND HIS BUCK.

would appear that they had brought
down a deer with a shot in the neck
but after laying down their rifles to
perform the necessary surgical opera-
tion the patient had recovered suffi-
ciently to beat a hasty retreat. Kind-
ly words of sympathy and advice for
future occasions had little effect so
we passed on. The doe was found,
slung on a pole and gaily hoisted be-
tween Tommy and myself. Foster
opined that she weighed close to two
hundred. We smiled tolerantly and
suessed not, more like a hundred and
forty. After the steenth relief we
would willingly have accepted any
estimate that was reasonably high.
Struggling under the rear end |
thought that nothing could be worse,
only to find that down hill both
could be and was. The road was
reached at last and we thankfully
loaded the deer on to the waiting ex-
press and crawled back to camp.
Oh you second night in camp! No
turning and twisting but down on

the pillow and off into a dreamless

be *
Sia eS

sleep, comforted by the thought that
the first day has not been barren of —
results and to-morrow, maybe:—
The second day was dull and cloudy
—just daylight when we took our
places on the runways. I was assign-

ed to a post on the edge of a natural
clearing of about fifty acres, a few
small pines being dotted here and
there, and a runway crossing a lum-
ber road immediately in my rear.
Several times the dogs swept near
me but always their baying and
yelping died again. Many shots were
fired, some of which I knew must be
from our party. Eventually all be-
came quiet and I settled down for
another dull morning. A couple of
hours passed and the dogs again
seemed to be approaching the far
end,of the clearing. While gazing
intently in that direction I heard a
sound in the bush behind me and
wheeled just in time to see a large
doe bounding off into the thick growth
of young hardwood. Did I shoot?
I did, three shots in about a fifth of
a second, the only apparent result
being to increase the length of that
doe’s leaps by about twenty-five feet.
Foster and Mick came up shortly,
sized up the tracks and tried to find
some trace of the bullets. They fail-

-assert itself.

1334

ed to do so, but the quick trained
intelligence of the city-man will al-
ways triumph, they did not discover
them because their eyes were directed
earthward. I found a bullet hole
in a young sapling the next morning,
ten feet up. Needless to say that
promising young tree was carefully
cut down with a sharp jack-knife and
broken up.

On arriving in camp-we found Fred
with his chest thrown out and a most
objectionable look of conceit for a
man that only measures five feet
from tip to tip. It appeared that he
had killed a buck, a large one, under
difficult conditions and only by the
exercise of superhuman skill. Later.
on coming down to earth, he told us
that he had taken a perfectly hope-
less shot at a fast vanishing flag and
on following up his bullet as speedily
as possibles had been greatly sur-
prised to meet the buck coming back.
The buck was equally surprised but
before it recovered Fred had poured
a stream of lead in its general direc-
tion and when the smoke cleared
away the animal was very much de-
ceased. Fred came in for a lot of
chaff along with congratulations, butat
least he had had the decency to
slaughter the animal right beside the
road. All that was necessary was
to send out the team; this was quickly
done and another victim added to
our string. The afternoon was de-
void of interest as far as it concerned
myself. Other members of the party
had shots but without success. Tom-
my distinguished himself by punctur-
ing the atmosphere for eight clean
misses at a party of three deer. Ten
deer in all were seen that day and
only one laid low, but as Jim wisely
remarked, “If every man hit every
deer he aimed at they wouldn’t be
no deer long.”

Our third day dawned brighter and
cooler. Back to the same spot for
mine though without much hope, for
I figured that after the miss of the
day previous I was not entitled to any
luck. Two deer were started close
to our camp and came perilously near
my watch. That was all and they
finally got away clean. Time dragged
on and that empty feeling began to
Suddenly my roving

eye caught sight of what appeared —
to be a fair sized cow gently cantering —
across through some small pines, evi-. —
dently with the intention of making a —

bee-line across the open meadow. ~
Then I gasped and froze tight against
a tree for I realized that here was a
real buck with a regal head. Just
off a walk, no particular hurry and —
I let him lope on until directly oppos- —
ite, sixty yards away. The _ shot
brought him up with a jerk and he ~~
threw up his beautiful head looking _
in my direction trying to get the scent.
My mind registered a lasting picture
of him, noble in form but his face ©
wearing an indescribably foolish ex-
pression, he made one think of some ~
descendant of a great old family, ©
who has inherited distinction and
grace of form only to be cursed with
a most vacant mind. Probably he
only stood there for the tenth part
of a second, the temptation fora head ~
shot was irrestible and down he went. —
Remembering the disappointment of —
the two gentlemen encountered on a

previous day I put in one more as —
he lay kicking and this was the coup —
de grace. The joy of the kill is ever
mixed with regrets, even in death ©
the old fellow seemed to have due —
regards for appearances. No un--
sightly sprawl and jumble of limbs —
did he present, but stretched on his ©
side, he looked every whit as fine
and large as in life. My first shot —
had gone a little too high, breaking
a rib on each side and lodging under
the hide, the second had landed an >
inch behind the eye. Having pre-
pared him for carrying I awaited the
arrival of the rest of the party. They
appeared in a short time carrying
another fine buck. This had fallen
to Tommy, who had very scientific-
ally broken all four legs, one per shot,
despatching it with the fifth. Two
fine bucks in one morning looked
rather good and we sat down to
dinner in a most contented frame
of mind. The afternoon was devoted
to the taking of a few photographs
and a long hike to work up an appe
tite for supper. A neighbouring party
bagged a deer within two hundre
yards of our camp that afternool
but we were well satisfied with o1
bag and led it go at that. The ne

. ne we ibrike camp, Alec taking out
' my buck as far as the car for us.
Fred shared the back with the deer
and myself, George took the wheel
and with many wishes for a return
next season and hearty good-byes we
rolled toward Lindsay.

Our return journey was the first
and last piece of hard luck we en-
countered on the trip, a wet blinding
snowstorm and badly cut up roads.
Nevertheless we made it by supper-
time and brought the first deer of the
season to town.

A rather curious fact is that out of
five deer we secured, only two were
run by the dogs, neither of the two
that I had seen were even disturbed

save possibly by the noise. All t

in fine condition, fat and very large.
Fred’s buck tipped the beam at two ©
hundred and twenty, the larger doe
weighing one hundred and sixty. My
buck was not weighed, but judging
by Fred’s must have gone very close
to three hundred. He was literally ~
plastered with fat and in spite of
havitig graduated from the chicken ~
class was the best of eating.

There is one thing I want to know.
Does Jim in his leafy retreat ever
long to visit a city as I long for a trip
to the bush? If not;—but then I
could never make maple syrup any-
way.

HUNTING MOOSE ON SNOWSHOES

C. EYMUNDSON |

LICK! Clack! Click! Clack! The
hammer hits the spike on the
head. New Year’s day, 1917,

finds a crowd of men at work laying
steel less than 75 miles from Mc-
Murray and before the snow leaves
the ground McMurray will be in the
full sense of the “word in the clutch
of civilization. The old-time hunters
and trappers will be forced further
north in order to follow up their pro-
fession. The husky dog teams will
be but a rare sight. The Kapu style,
moccasin dog-trotters or moose hunt-
ers will get the dagger’s gaze of the
new-comers till they fall victims to
the ways of the old world.

If the Frontiersman has been a
moose hunter he will no doubt con-
tinue to indulge in this pleasurable
and profitable sport the remainder
of his days. He will continue to
have visions in his sleep and to hop
_ up with excitement. You can’t keep
an old hunter in town.

This ““Far North’ has no close
season, but the hunter has moose
hunting seasons of his own. First

comes the fly season when the moose
is hunted while canoeing and is mean-
ly taken advantage of when he is
washing the fly pests from his body.
Second, there is the calling season

: es
i hy 3 :

which is perhaps the most pleasur-
able. It was then that I got my
54 inch spread. It is at this time
that the wounded bull moose charges
and you can’t blame him, but if you
stand your ground motionless and
calmly face his angry blood-stirring
gaze for one minute, he will wheel
and turn away. If you move he
will make his definite charge and
there is when you need your nerve.
When he is about to strike brace
yourself and sidestep. He then miss-
es and passes by. Then you have
him foul and can hand him the finish-
ing touch.

Last comes the third season, the snow-
shoe season. As the snow gets deep
the moose comes down from the Height
of Land. Then his every nerve is
strong. He sniffs the air for the
scent of the timber wolves. His ears
work automatically for the sound of
a foot-tread and are up in the air
at the break of a twig. He lies down
during the day facing his trail, watch-
ing every move. Sometimes at the
flutter of a grouse gliding by, the hop
of a rabbit, or the appearance of a
fox he is startled: out of his bed, but
he doesn’t lose his head. If the
sound is repeated at a distance he
merely changes beds. At the ap-

deer in the neighbourhood seem tobe

ay

wk a ee Oe A Me!
s

1336

proach of an enemy he changes lo-
calities, and there is where snow-
shoes can be used to good advantage.
The hunter follows slowly, as the
moose travels against the wind. When
the moose has slowed down to a feed-

SHOWING ONE WAY OF LOCATING MOOSE, :
WHILE AT REST ON THEIR FEEDING GROUNDS. ; 7
eae -4

ing place, the hunter circles and
comes in quartering on their feeding
ground, so slow and steady that the
moose is unconscious of his’ approach
as his mind is concentrated on his
back-track. It is a tedious, hard,
and cold job and none will succeed
if he loses patience. It is wise to
take off your snowshoes if you have
located your moose at a distance
and endeavor to get the cow first
when there are two calves, or it is
eye to her and the remaining
calf.

Hunting moose on snowshoes is
accomplished only by coming in on
the moose against or partly against
the wind. Steady and slow, mighty
slow, is the secret.

I herewith present a diagram show-
ing one way of locating moose, while
at rest on their feeding-grounds.

Say, the wind is blowing from the
south-west to north-east. The hunt-
er going east locates a moose-trail
going north. He crosses the trail
a quarter of a mile and figures on
locating the moose a mile further
north. When the hunter has gone
that distance north he heads in to
the moose-ground. If he doesn’t find

ROD AND GUN IN

wore tee,
-

HUNTERS TRAIL~>

MOOSE }/ TRAIL ~\

[ae ‘aoe > Lien J
Mee dt Ree EN eth” Sef NE

ae Sg
himself past the moose trail he takes —
another half-circle similar to the first —
one. This time being too far north
he comes south a few hundred yards
and then heads east again, continually
stopping and watching to the right

wee eee

= ~
" .

Pet sec eer ewe one
ee oe 8 ee Ol as e

and the left. He invariably approach- —
es the calf first, and is compelled to
shoot. At that the cow moose runs —
away, say to the left, and endeavors
to circle to get the hunter’s wind. —
There is where you beat it ahead of
the wind as fast as your feet will
carry you for a quarter of a mile. —
Then stop and wait, watch and listen
for five minutes. If there is no sign
of the cow, proceed slowly towards
the dead calf and you will get the
cow somewhere between you and the >
calf, sniffing the air, as -she
slowly proceeds towards the calf.
When she smells blood, she rushes
back and is apt to run up to the
muzzle of your gun if you don’t move.

When on your moose-hunt if your
feet get cold take off one snow-sho
and beat your foot backwards and
forwards in the air until the circula
tion is equalized. Always carry
birch-bark for a quick fire. Don't
worry over spending a sleepless night
in the bush. Bed yourseli well down
with boughs, but don’t fall asleep.

A moose is as good as fifty dollars
and fifty dollars is hard to get thes
hard times. 2 an

Si
en

TROUT OF THE WEST

ROBERT PAGE LINCOLN

(CoNcLUuSION)

N previous articles, we have given our

Fattention more or less fully to the

fprincipal members of the well-known
and widely scattered Cutthroat, or Red-
throat trout species. Aside from the principal
members of this species there are what is
called sub-species of the Cutthroat, and in
completing this article it would be unwise not
to mention them here. The fact that there
areas many as ten or eleven sub-species is the
reason for this. These sub-species, as a rule,
are mostly in the western part of the United
States however and are not part and parcel
of Canada. Yet, to make this survey of the
field as complete as possible the writer has
decided that it would be a good thing to list
these sub-species with some little reference
to them. In a scientific sense the dividing of
the trouts into species and sub-species has
much value. But, as a rule, the average
person sees no sense in this division, as long
(as in the cutthroat trout) the red slash at the
throat will properly identify it. It has always
been considered that the Tahoe trout, of Lake
Tahoe, California is a cutthroat trout, though
by some men it is placed in a separate species.
But, says Jordan, ‘‘—This is a distinct species
from Salmo clarkii and must be regarded as
the finest of the cutthroat trout.’ The
Tahoe trout (Salmo henshawi) is found in Lake
Tahoe, the streams tributary to it, also in its
outlet, the Truckee River; also in the Hum-
boldt and the Carson, and Pyramid Lake in

Nevada. Lake Tahoe lies partly in Califor-
nia and partly in Nevada, having an eleva-
tion of well over six thousand feet; at its
greatest depth the lake is said to be one
thousand six hundred feet. The Tahoe trout
is conceded by some as being one of the
gamiest of the trout of this continent, and at
the same time one of the most splendid. The
lake itself is enough to win the wildest com-
ment and praise from poet and writer alike.
The Tahoe trout is spotted over all, and
evenly, from the belly to the back. It is one
of the few, if not the only trout on which this
is true, that is: that has spottings over all its
body surface.

Yet another trout (a sub-species of the
above-mentioned trout) (Salmo-henshawt), is
found in the extreme depths of Lake Tahoe
and has been designated by the scientific men
as the Silver Trout (Salmo-henshawi-tahoensis)
Having covered California well in my jour-
neys I have yet been unable to find out if
either the Tahoe trout or the Silver trout of
Lake Tahoe can be taken on the artificial fly.
To the best of my knowledge they are not
surface-feeding fish, and the only way I know
of, by which they can be taken, is by means
of trolling spoons, or minnow baits. Of the
two trout the Silver trout grows the largest,
twenty-five and thirty pound specimens not
being uncommon. While the Tahoe trout is
liable to run to the surface at some time or
another during the year, the Silver trout hug

1338 :

The only manner in
is by

the bottom of the lake.
which they are obtained by fishermen
very deep trolling for them.

A prominent sub-species of the Cutthroat
trout is found in the Great Basin of Utah, in
Utah Lake, and the streams that are tributary.
to it. This trout (Salmo-clarkii-virginalis)
grows to a rather appreciable size and has
recognized game qualities. It is rather
coarsely spotted and most of the spots are
found on the back or in close proximity to it.
The large trout found in the Utah Lake have
a washed-out coloration, very pale at times,
and sometimes there are few if any spots upon
them. The paleness of the trout in Utah Lake
is thought to be on account of the alkali
infusion in the water.

One of the best known of the sub-species
of the Cutthroat trout is the Colorado River
trout, technically known as Salmo-clarkti-
pleuriticus (after Cope). This trout is very
eagerly angled for by fishermen in Colorado
and is one of the most famed trout of that
state. This fish is taken in various sizes,
large specimens, however, being few and far
between, though the average is more ap-
preciable than those of the species to the
direct northward. This fish, as stated, is
found greatly throughout the western portion
of Colorado. Notably the scales on this sub-
species are smaller and the fish may be readily
told by the red lateral band and the red
edging on the fins. One cannot consistently
and impartially go by the spottings of these

sub-species, I have discovered as they vary. -

What is true of one variety in one Jake or
stream may not be true of those taken from
another body of water. The difference be-
tween many of these sub-species is trifling, to
say the least, and it is a wonder that many of
these have been drawn away for sub-speci-
fication. For that reason I am not here
making more than a very brief mention of the
Rio Grande trout (Salmo-clarkti-spilurus).
This trout besides being found in the Rio
Grande River is also found in the streams of
the Great Basin of Utah. Also it extends
south as far as Mexico. I never was able to
discover any difference worthy of mention
between spilurus and virginalis. Also the
difference between this sub-species and
pleuriticus are not great.

The vyellow-finned trout (Salmo-clarkii-
_macdonaldi) gains its name from the fact that
the under fins are of a distinct yellowish
coloration. This sub-species of the great
Cutthroat family is found principally in the
Twin Lakes of Colorado, ‘“‘a pair of glacial
lakes tributary to the Arkansas near Lead-

ville.”

SS ER Pa Roe ae
The color of this pit is uniforml
silvery olive; the sides are treated to a sh
of lemon yellow more or less pronounced; th
lower fins are also yellow; the red gash at the
throat is always noted, as in all the other sub- — SB
specific cutthroat trout. Most of the spots are
on this trout are found on the back portion of
the body, in and around the tail. These spots
are pepper-like, and are the smallest noted on —
any of the cutthroat species. Forward on the
body there are few, if any, spots. The yellow
fin trout grow to an excellent size and are
eagerly sought after by anglers. The fish —
spawns in the spring. It rise3 well to the fly, - ~
and has all the agility of a cutthroat trout
when at the straining leaders’ length.

Another Colorado trout, the green-back
trout (Salmo-clarkii-stomias) is found in some _
of the streams of that state. Its best known —
home is in the Arkansas River, also the ~
Platte River; it is also found in St. Vrains 3,
River and the Estes Park region. In colora-
tion this trout ranges from greenish brown ~
to very dark onits back. Muchdependsupon
the season of the year and the water he is —
found in. The distinguishing red gash at the —
throat is always intact and the lower fins too —
are treated to a reddish coloration. The —
spottings, where they are found on the body, —
are somewhat large. A great scarcity of them
occur on the back above the lateral line. Most —
of them are found in close proximity to the —
tail; this, by far, is the greatest distinguishing |
element—the large spots, and they are mostly —
gathered, if not all, near to the root of the tail.

A peculiarity with this trout is that it has an
innate desire to spawn in snow-water, in the
spring. So great is this desire that it will for-
sake spring water in the desire to obtain
snow-water for the purpose of spawning an id
reproduction. a

The above practically completes the various
sub-species of the cutthroat trout.. There are
three other trout that are entitled to sub-
specification, namely: the Waha Lake trout,
of Waha Lake, Washington (Salmo-clarkii
bouvieri); and two found in Lake Sutherl
and Lake Crescent, in Washington; also

Yellowstone trout, and se original Colu
River trout (Salmo-clarkii-gibbsit}.

The tackle to use on Cutthroat trout is
about identical with that used on steel!
trout and other of the mountain tro
tingent. The angler not sure of himself an
his skill will do well not to risk using a rod th
is too light in structure; a rod of six or six
one half ounces is properly the right app
and one has the steel, the split bamboo,
solid wood rods to select from.

a)

In the Dolly Varden trout we have open to
- our attention one of the principal trout of the
$1 west, perhaps its most representative fish.
On the other hand this fish, while termed a
- trout, is not in reality a trout, but a charr.
: The word trout has generally been adopted
-_ upon this continent as a term under which all
_ fish resembling the trout form are gathered.
~The word trout too is often used as a name for
other fishes, principally for the black bass.
Down in the Southern States it is quite com-
mon to hear the bass called trout; green trout,
in facet. The bass term down there is quite
extinct, and the northerner visiting in the
- South is often at a loss to understand the
proposition. Not all people are in practical
understanding of the difference between the
a so-called trout and the charr. Jordan com-
-_- ments:—“‘The technical character of the
genus Salvelinus lies in the form of its vomer.
This is deeper than in Salmo; and when the
flesh is removed the bone is found to be some-
what boat-shaped above, and with the shaft
depressed and out of the line of the head of the
-_ -vomer. Only the head, or chevron, is armed
__with teeth, and the shaft is covered by skin.
#3 ee In color all the charrs differ from the salmon
x and trout. The body in all is covered with
round spots which are paler than the ground
color and crimson or gray. The lower fins are
: usually edged with bright colors. The sexual
differences are not great. The scales, in
general are smaller than in other Salmonidae,
a5 and they are imbedded in the skin to such an
extent as to escape the notice of casual ob-
servers and even of most anglers. The charrs
“ inhabit, in general, only the clearest and cold-
‘ est of mountain streams and lakes, or bays of
‘similar temperature. They are not migratory
or only to a limited extent. In the northern
regions they descend to the sea, where they
~ grow much more rapidly and assume a nearly
uniform. silvery-gray color. The different
species are found in all suitable waters through-
out the northern part of both continents, ex-
- cept in the Rocky Mountains and Great Basin,
where only the black-spotted trout occur.
The number of species of charr is very un-
certain, as, both in America and Europe,
trivial variations and individual peculiarities
~ have been raised to the rank of species. More
types, however, seem to be represented in
America than in Europe.”

There are four recognized, prominent charrs

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(Salvelinus Malma)

upon this continent. namely: the Speck
Brook trout; the Rangeley Trout; ’
Sunapee Trout and the Dolly Varden Tr
There are a number of sub-species, but 0
of these are of inconsequential concern, and
some are little known. The speckled broo

trout (or charrs) are found only east of the
Mississippi River and in Canada east of t]
Saskatchewan. West of these points of divi
sion the brook trout are not native, thoug
they have been introduced to the West in
large numbers in late years and with every
degree of success. West of the Mississippi —
River, northward; west of the Saskatchewan
the Dolly Varden trout is the recognized ~
charr of the West. However, there is another —
important charr in the West which is also
found in the Eastern portion of Canada,
namely: the lake, or grey, trout. The lake
trout however has been placed in another class
though it is a charr in every sense of the word.
In addition to the above I may add the words
of Charles Frederick Holder:

““All the true trout have come to America
from Asia, and none have naturally crossed
the great plains. For in the Great Lakes
region, the Alleghanies and the valley proper
of the Mississippi the true trout are unknown. — uae ;

- But in northern Europe, Siberia, southern oe

Alaska and throughout the Rocky Mountain
region and the waters to the westward, trout
are everywhere. Their original parentage, no
doubt, was from some sort of a landlocked
salmon; their original birthplace perhaps not
a thousand miles from the Baltic sea. Since _
that time of their birthday, very long ago,
trout have travelled up and down the rivers,
down into the sea and up another river, until —

they have reached from Scotland to Chihua-
hua, from Montana to the Pyrenees, and
whoever seeks them honestly anywhere in all
this range shall find exceeding great reward.”

Thus the true trout are native to the West.
Of the charrs the speckled charr (or brook
trout) is by far the most beautiful, and has the —
most beautiful coloration. It is too the only
one that has the worm-track reticulations on
its back and on its dorsal fin (its back fin).
This distinguishes it from all the other charrs, _
and trout of salmon origin. The praises of
the charrs have been sung for hundreds of
years. They excel, some claim, over all. As
one authoritative writer has amply said:—

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1340

“Nothing higher can be said of a salmonoid
than thatitis a charr.” All the charrs have,
first and last of all a distinct reputation for
gaminess, and at the end of the leader they
excel over all the others to a good extent. It

may not be the leaping, dashing fight of the
rainbow trout, but it is a sharp and quick and
often ingenious conffict in which the charr
often wins out. In speaking of the gaminess
‘of the charrs the Dolly Varden should not be
forgotten. He certainly lives up to the
universal reputation and gives an excellent
record of himself.

As a rule the Dolly Varden trout is found
west of the Rocky Mountains in the United
States. That is to say, all along the coast, in

‘the streams, from California to British Col-
umbia and from British Columbia to a far
point in Alaska. Thus the coast streams in

Northern California, Oregon/and Washington
contain them in true abundance. But hinging
on to the Canadian border the Dolly Varden
trout is also found in Lake Pend d’ Oreille, in
Idaho. I doubt if they are found below that
to any great extent save in the streams that
pour into the lake in question. However one
other State in the United States has the
Dolly Varden trout in abundance, that state
being Montana. British Columbia, and the
western Canadian mountain region and the
streams therein, however, contain the greatest
representation of this charr. The range of the
Dolly Varden is large in northern territories.
In Asian districts it is found along the Kam-
schatkan coast and in the northern part of
Japan. Note has been made that the Dolly
Varden is not found in the Yukon and its
tributaries. However, back in 1878 Doctor
Nelson in his book report to the Government
(which the Doctor has presented to me),
mentions:

“The first of June 1877, Salmon Trout
(meaning the Dolly Varden) were rather
numerous about the mouths of streams flowing
into the bay at Unalaska and young ones from
two to three inches long were numerous in the
creeks. Salmon trout (The Dolly Varden
Charr is called a salmon trout only in Alaska),
run in the Yukon and other streams with the
salmon in June and July, but are most
numerous in the fall just before and after the
streams freeze over. Few are taken later than
November and from then until the ice leaves
in the spring. They are abundant and widely
distributed. They are taken, like the salmon,
in nets or traps. During August, 1881, we
found the natives taking them in gill-nets along
the north coast of Siberia. The last of

vi te

ati

September, 1881, we caught a number of trout.
in the streams flowing into the bays about =
Unalaska. Only small examples could be ~
taken with a hook baited with salmon-eggs;
but specimens weighing as much as a pound
or more were readily secured with a fly. They
are game and offer good sport on favorable
days.”

The Dolly Varden trout (malma,—after
Walbaum; parkei,—after Suckley) owes its
name to the well-known and highly authori-
tative David Starr Jordan, and to Spenser
Fullerton Baird, the first Fish Commissioner
of the United States. Jordan has remarked:

‘In 1878, when the present writer first tried
to classify the western trout, a specimen of
this malma was sent in from the. Upper Soda
Springs, on the Sacremento River, near the
foot of Mount Shasta, in California. The
landlady at the Soda Springs said of it: “Why,
that is a regular Dolly Varden.” So Professor
Baird said to me: ‘Why not call it Dolly
Varden trout?’ And Dolly Varden trout it —
has remained to this day.”

Weight in the Dolly Varden trout depends __
of course; on the abundance or the scarcity
of the food directly at their command. Where
the food supply is very small the trout in
consequence are undersized. Though under-
sized, often midgets, in proportion with the
greater D>o'ly Vardens, some specimens are
mature at six inches in length. The average —
Dolly Varden trout is very small; in weight
from four ounces to one pound. Countless:
numbers, nay, hordes exist where large trout
are rare and few and far between. Large
Dolly Varden trout run in weight from ten |
and twelve to fifteen pounds in weight. These
trout are often sea-run specimens and spend :
a great portion of their time in the salt water
making it a point to come up the fresh water
streams with the salmon when the salmon are _
on their way to spawn. In Alaska this species _
of trout, or charr, is found virtually by the —
million and is far from scarce. In these days —
when we look upon trout as being so precious, | ;
so few and far between it is encouraging to- :
glance at Alaska and the prodigious supply "
of Varden trout; a never-ending abundance. g
As one writer has said: Be

“To the trout-hog the Dolly Varden can be#
strongly commended, for it swarms in millions — a
in every Alaska stream (the Yukon and its —
tributaries excepted). It wiil take the ho ok |
cheerfully, even dutifully. I once saw two —
Dolly Vardens caught with a pin-hook, whi
a little girl let down through a knot hole in
the gutter on a street in Skagway. And of

Fal

~ be missed, for each one that is killed saves the
_ hfe of a dozen salmon.”

finds.

ny roe.

The abundance of these trout in the north-
ern territory has been the cause of much dis-
cussion. Their numbers aré not in any sense
depleted for they are not made use of com-
mercially. Millions are said to be thrown
away by the salmon fishermen yearly that get
in the salmon nets, though it is not understood
that these are killed, or die, but are merely

found in the nets and are released, alive.

It is said upon good authority that the
Dolly Varden is the most voracious of the

trout, and of the charrs especiaily. And, too,

“In the Alaska streams they devour millions
of salmon eggs, as well as young salmon. It
is the greatest enemy the salmon breeder
Alt trout feed on young salmon, but
this one is the worst of all.’’ And, picking up
the threads of this assertion, elaborating upon
it, continues Edward Martin, one of the most
prolific present-day contributors to the sport-
ing press: “‘As long as salmon continue to
run, so long there will be plenty of large trout
(Dolly Vardens) in every stream which em-
pties into salt water on the northwestern coast
of the United States, no matter how wide
or how narrow that stream. During the sal-
mon run there is no bait that trout will take
with any degree of certainty except salmon
eggs, which is to be expected, for they follow
the salmon from deep water to feed on their
They snap up every single egg breaking
loose and drifting down stream from a spawn-
ing bed, and often raid the bed itself.”

--Yet whatever may be said against the Dolly
Varden trout the fact remains that it is one
of the best of the trouts of the West. It is
true that when this trout grows large it be-
comes more and more endowed with a can-

_ nibalistic nature, to the extent that it destroys
“much fish life.

As a rule, however, it is not
only conservative in weight and length but
lives, when small, on much the same food as
the other trouts—not forgetting of course that,
opportunity permitting, he wiil not refuse
salmon eggs and small fish, or minnows. It
is the large Dolly Vardens that are responsible
for the most destruction. Many large trout
of this species are found in Montana and
British Columbia; but by farthelargest num-
ber of really large Dolly Vardens are found in
Aiaska, namely: the sea-run specimens. In
Montana the Dolly Varden trout is called
Bull Trout,—and if you travel British Colum-
bia you will find the same term used every-

where. The Dolly Varden has much the same
shape,

size, habits and gaminess as the

tiful—a beauty that is well-defined, an
seen is never quite forgotten. Some make

boast that the Dolly Varden (so named after

a character in one of the works of Char
Dickens) is one of the most beautiful of th
fishes. Yet I have found it nevertheless to b

a fact that Varden trout in different waters

are different. Some have a certain pr
nounced ‘coloration—others more moderat
some exceptionally pale, even excluding th
pale sea-run specimens. The older Varde

trout are the dullest in coloration. The small-—
est of them, though in full maturity at six ©

ounces weight, are the most brilliant. The
Dolly Varden is less compressed of form and
more slender than the speckled brook trout;
the slenderness is very noticeable. The
minuteness of scales is present in the Varden
the same as in the rest of the charrs. The
Varden trout has no wormtrack marking or
reticulations on its back; nor on its dorsal nor
on its caudal fin. These are absolutely spot-
less, or bar-less.

The shifting changeability of the Varden
coloration I have remarked upon. This may

be a steel-blue in some, or heavy olive-brown
in others, depending upon the wateritistaken

from. In the adult male, at the height of its
color perfection, there is a perfect streak of
rose below the lateral line extending from the
gills to the root of the tail.

or less round, and sometimes mere dabs of

red) are found on the back, and on the sides" re

above and below the lateral line. All speci-
mens of the Varden trout (or charr) are not
possessed of red and white trimmings on the
fore fins, but there are a reasonable number
that are. In some, especiaily small members,
these red touches are always present.

In mentioning the gaminess of the Dolly
Varden trout it is also well to note thatit has
not about it so much of the aristocratic apart-

ness that is common to the speckled brook
trout. The Dolly Varden is essentially a
mountain fish—wild and free.

This is absent in —
many specimens, I find. The red spots (more |

Its actions are
so, likewise partaking of its surroundings. It

will rise equally as well to a spinner astoa _—

fly; and will take a fly in preference to a worm — 3

at times. I know places in the Western
Canadian territory where the mere flicking of
any fly to the surface of a poo! will call forth
as many as thirty eager Vardens, or cut-
throats, as the case may be. The Varden

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well-known writer.

trout, perhaps because civilization has not
cramped it out and made it ultra-civilized,
does not take much note of flies, if they are
tied in direct imitation of the natural fly that
is found on the streams. The gaudy fly is
sometimes as good as the drab-hued fly; and
it is Well to change from one to the other
variety of coloration. Any of the standard
regulation flies will do; the Gove nature flies
should work to perfection on the western
streams where I shall next give these pro-
ductions my try-out to ascertain if they will
not work as well there as in eastern sections of
the country. I find that the brown hackle
and the white miller, also the professor and the
palmers are exceptionaly good killers on
Varden trout. Fishermen will do well to

- take a few of these patterns along if going
_into the mountains this coming summer.

I suggest that a good all-round rod be taken
with you—one, in fact, that you can depend
upon, whether for heavy fishing or light work
on easy pools. Remember that on the heavy
mountain streams there is added strain on
the rod and the leader because of the rushing
water and it is always best to use good ma-
terial and to use great skill in the playing of
your fish. In the line of reels, as before stated,
I decidedly recommend the automatic reel.
The demand is always present when fishing
on mountain streams to gather in slack line
speedily, and anyone who has tried this with
a single-action reel knows that the fish often
comes out the winner. But the automatic
reel safeguards against this, by speedily and
with finish eating up the treacherous siack line,

Spinners and flies are all good on Varden
trout, but if the mere rapid catching of fish
is to be considered then I know of no bait
better than salmon-eggs. My experience in
using salmon eggs for bait, I may say, is
exceedingly limited. I have a:ways used
flies or spinners as much as possible. But
there are some who gladly use whatever will
bring in fish. I have never published any-
thing in regard to salmon eggs for trout bait.
I leave this task to Edward T. Martin, the
He comments:

“In British Columbia, and one or two of
the northwestern states the ethics of good
sportsmanship seem to be against using eggs.
Many think their use is not accordirg to
Hoyle or more properly speaking, to Izaac
Walton. Yet when it becomes a question
of eggs or no fish many a good fellow is tempt-
ed. Eggs from a newly caught salmon are
best, but much the hardest to use, being
difficult to keep on even the smallest, sharp-

-est_hook, so frail are they; they often will

wre back a 4
pay off, or wash itp sia

like the tandem spinners, furnished in

a chance to strike. Tie some - these | pogs
in a sack, anchor them in the rapids and they
will draw the trout in, often to the fisherman’s. ay ;
legs. In streams much fished, where trout — ce
were shy, many a good one has the writer a
taken out of the deep holes by throwing in © Spy
a handful of loose eggs, and dropping a sinker ter
less Jine—a black one is best—-among them.
It must be without a sinker so that the egg —
on the hook will settle towards the bottom
no faster than the eggs thrown in. In
Seattle, or any other place where there are i
canneries, one has no trouble in getting
plenty of fresh roe for little or nothing. It
is carefully washed, the eggs separated from
the membrane and put over a slow fire to —
simmer, sugar being added to give them firm-
ness. When done they lose color, becoming
a pinkish white instead of their natura red.
This the fish do not mind, but take them
readily. They keep well, in a cool, dry piace
for ten days or more. * Will stay on a hooks
and are not nearly so disagreeable to handle ~
as if uncooked. The put up eggs that you —
buy, at twenty-five cents a can, in the weateniai
tackle stores are not nearly as good as the
ones home prepared. They are sticky, and
dirty to handle, and above all are not liked —
by the fish, test showing about five strikes 4
on the home cooked for two on these.” E
I have not much time for the salmon egg
proposition, not as long as flies obtain, and
spinners are in use. They are by far the —
more sportsmanlike, therefore the more re- 3
commendable. The use of a thin bit of pork, ©
cut to represent two legs, put on a hook with —
a silver or gold spinner of the smailer si f
is not new. At the same time it is a dex y
thing, for in the successful pools it may
worked in and around, the two “legs” waver- ;
ing, and creating motion to such an extent
that many a trout is fooled. The new Skinner
spinners are exceptionally tempting, ade
nickle and gold they are winners in ev
respect. Nor alone may bait be used: i ic
collaboration with these spinners. Flies. of
a suitable size, may be used with them to
good advantage. Those spinners to be hae
in the interchangeable form will admi

¥.

Je

™

on at ease. For Varden trout I especi
interchangeable form, any fly to be use d, I
changed as one sees fit. a,

But first, foremost, and a!] the time, rer
ber: the Dolly Varden trout is a scrapper
start to finish and is a match for your.s§
and ingenuity! ~

ee i 5 hi

ile ae ha, oe

~ LETTERS BY THE WAY

Being An Exchange of Letters Between Robert Page Lincoln and Doctor Harry Gove

of Lambertville, New Brunswick.

Woodstock, Ont., Jan. 30th, 1917.
Dr. Harry Gove, Esq.,
Lambertville, Deer Island,
New Brunswick.
My Dear Comrade:—

Your appreciation of the last letter that I
sent you has kindled in me many delights
and pleasures-—those delights in fact that do
not come in the ordinary routine of life; such
delights as may be remembered for their
genuine kindliness, their warmth of cheer
and their message of good will, coming, truty,
as you say straight from the Angler’s Land.

But as you treasure my letters (infinitely

poor as they be) so also do I cherish yours—

- as something that is infinitely worth while.

In such days as this with the world turned
upside down one does not know whether his
next door neighbor is his friend or his enemy.
The hands of ill reach far. Only something
more than a lukewarm sentiment can endure
and for that reason IJ hail with delight your
delightful, instructive and entertaining letters.
They seem to picture in new and engrossing
form ail the things we love out-of-doors, the
trees, the fiowers, the birds, the animals, the
running streams—all this that Nature claims
as her own. We know that we can always
turn to her when everything grows ‘dark or
gloomy. She remains fixed and unchange-

-able, though having her moods which make

her ail the more a centre of charm and in-
terest.

The basis ot angling, or fishing, as is'the
more common expression used, is the desire
to get out~nto the silences of Nature. The
tawdriness, the barrenness of life as it is
lived where humogns flock together saps from
the body and soul all that is best, it is only
when we leave the smokestacks and noise
behind us; when the fast thud of civilization
dies away in the distance that we realize how
much of a ghastly dream it all is. We love

- the silence just because it is silence. We

appreciate the pure breezes and delight to
look upon new-born grass blades. We find
worlds of wonder in mere bursting buds,or
knowledge soaring above knowledge in the
ant, busy at work in its hill. We love to
rest beside great trees and lay our hands
on their bark. We like to look up through
the interlacing foliage and see the blue sky

1343

stretching above us, content to think that
nothing obscures the vision—that black coal
smoke does not intervene. For all these
things we are thankful. And as anglers
who can tell of the joy and trepidation we

feel as we approach those pools that contain
so many marvelous trout. Leaving civiliza-
tion behind and standing again on the brink
of a placid river we can truly take off our
hats and bow our heads in the face of such
crowning and inseparable glories. We are
free. The bounds that tie us down are sever-
ed. We can think, and dream and be con-
tent just to revel in our release,

My dear friend, Frederick E. Pond, the
able editor of the Sportsmen’s Review, has
said that every angler is a true poet, that
while he may not express himself in words
he expresses himself in deeds. The older
I grow the more do I realize the truth of
these significant words. The very thought
of Nature, and her enduring power for good
mellows to kindliness our acts and impulses.
We forgive more, and think along true lines
of philosophy, the relieving lights of which
add sunshine to an existence that might
otherwise be so sordid and commonplace
it would not be worth the living. The
angler, or the man who fishes, loves to go
out into the quietudes of Nature and find
himself. And it is not until we have specu-
lated and philosophized therein that we know
her true value. Rob the streams I say of
their wildness; line them with smoky build-
ings and the genuine impulse is lost. Would
we ever care to fish along such streams?
Of course not. We demand Nature in her
wildness. It is not all of fishing merely to
fish. The genius who wrote those words
put to paper the thought of every man who
ever sallied out among riffles and pools to
cast a cunning fly. We owe to Nature all
the brilliance and inspiration, all our in-
genious inventions; all our craft, and the
foundation of our endeavors. So great is
her power for good that only the base fool
cannot see the immense importance she
plays in existence. I would rather be penni-
less paddling a canoe along wild rivers and
camping in a shelter tent along mirrorlike
lakes, drawing upon Nature for my susten-
ance than be a man of millions with a host of

gin.

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as he explains.

is positively monstrous.

a Sore Tee * Nepeort (eis Pa A eS Re ck tS ies 0) pe le

pgaao ey BOD AND GUI

industrial slaves about me. Give me the
gold of the sunlight on close-cropped pastures
and diamonds of dew on the morning clover.
That is the wealth that really counts and
that cannot be monopolized. The poorest
“beggar” may share its delights equally as
well as the man of power—who has power
because he commands wealth or millions.

The above remarks, my dear friend, you
will appreciate and understand the meaning
of. My reason for setting them down in
a letter addressed to you is not purposeless.
Recently an editorial has been printed ‘in a
great newspaper in which the theme of Nature
is taken up. In the eyes and mind of the
editor the love of Nature is the weakest of
all sentimental notions; and he holds that
it should be taken from our literature—the
sooner, the better. He has decided (in his

_two by four sanctum, hemmed in by the

nauseous city he loves so well) that Nature
does not count, that it is but a fickle dream
and fancy.

“Literature really is concerned with life
and not with Nature. Before Rousseau in-
vented interest in Nature, literary men and
even painters treated Nature as incidental.
But the fashion of Rousseau swept Europe,
was responsible for the cult that has filled
thousands of pages with natural description.
Coleridge, Byron, Shelley, Keats, Ruskin,
and nearly everybody else, including George
Sand and Michelet in France, Goethe and
Heine in Germany simply ranted about Na-
ture, her loveliness, her tenderness. Then
Science came to kill the pathetic fallacy,
until to-day we look on- Nature as red in
tooth and claw, and beautiful only evanescent-
ly, and without intention. The nature of
Nature, her cruelty and brutality is well set
forth by that consummate naturalist and
cunning writer, the late Henri Fabre. And
George Moore has been rewriting his earlier
works—in order to rid them of the sunsets,
What we, subjectively, put
into Nature, is really all that is spiritual or
moral or consolatory. Nature, as she is,
Even the landscape
artist knows that now. The beauties he
now sees are objectivities purely, beauties of
color and form for their own sakes alone.
And to appreciate those beauties for what
they are, we have to divorce ourselves from
our sentimentalities and egoisms altogether.”

Thus the cold blade is driven to the heart
of the sincere viewer of Nature’s beauty and
originality. And further: I consider this
a thrust that should not go unanswered. It
hits at all those who love to go out into the

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wild places and gain surcease from the bit
ness and the coals of condemnation th
are heaped upon them. ‘To the angler is Lt
is the gravest of insults for it seeks to under-
mine and destroy the very foundation of his
impulse and the pastime he loves so well.
It desires to strip the body bare, to leave
only the skeleton, clawing the flesh from
the bones. Ancient has been the pastime ~
of angling; honorable has been its body of
followers; deep has been their respect; ever-
lasting has been their conception of good,
and beauty and their love of fellow-man
for fellow-man. Nature has been the im-
pulse-and the inspiration. I challenge this
arraignment at the hands of the unapprecia-
tive with the last drop of blood in me. I
challenge it as an angler who cannot see
the good earth insulted or pure waters dis-
graced by one who never knew a breath of
fresh air or felt running water flow between
his fingers.

You, my dear friend—you, Doctor Gove,
have lived long and well, and have known
all the tempests, and sorrows and kindnesses
of life; you have studied, analyzed, and have
laid bare, you have had the chance to be-
come a mere cold, unseeing, threadbare and
mechanical scientist with but one viewpoint—
the viewpoint that lies along the scalpel’s
edge; and yet you, with your years of wisdom
upon you—still retain and believe in Nature
and the-beauties of Nature, being, as you are,
an angler. I ask you, is there not a great
power for, good in Nature? Is it not true
that there is substance to the love of Nature
or is it all weak sentimentality and inanity,
and*confined alone to the younger element? —
Do you see anything to be gained in stripping
Nature of her loveliness, or in discounting
all our thoughts about her beauty? Is there
anything admirable in a mind that looks
out, but sees not a crystal river but a brother
pool that beholds a trout only as an assasin; %
the night as a time for killing, and a lake only E
as a place where we might drown? To this
level would such a writer wish us to bring :
our consideration of Nature. Were he to —
do so, the camper would gain no joy by |
camping at the side of a beautiful lake; hed
would do as well to pitch his tent on the roof —
of a tenement; the angler would save time
by putting some fish in a tank in his back-—
yard and there hooking them; the canoeist
would gain just as much joy by paddling in
a makeshift contrivance, set up in his parlo Ea
and so forth. How foolish and useless th
declaration of this writer, who adds: —

“It is not necessary to depreciate

ty.
Fe

a - Tife—it 1 would be silly, indeed, to do so.

ve:

Te

ndous part that Ritare aes in human
Nor
- would anyone be guilty of denying the loveli-
ness of some of Nature’s moods and aspects.

- «The mountains, the prairies and the lakes,

the sunsets, the dawns and the nights, may
well excite our appreciation and our wonder.
But there isn’t anything human in such
phenomena, except as our sentimentality
assumes it. There being none, the reason
for a literature on Nature falls to the ground.
Leave Nature to the painters. What litera-
ture is concerned with is the passions, and
only that writing which is concerned with
them can be real literature.”

Two things are the basis of one’s jeering
at the beauties and comforts of Nature.
For one thing a person may have grown up
without any knowledge and appreciation
of her; having lived fettered down to streets
and smoke and smoke-stained buildings all
of one’s life, no knowledge of the joys of
nature could then be expected or dyspepsia
may cause a grouch as a result of which one
may vent his feelings on whatever comes
first to hand. What buncombe is the asser-
tion that only literature that is concerned
with the passions amounts to anything and
lives. Too much of our literature for de-
eades back was concerned with the passions.
Ten thousand books a year are ground out;
tons upon tons of waste deposit, eagerly
gobbled up by thin-blooded, shallow-minded
_ people who cannot think and are fed by this
veriest slush. This is the literature of the
passions, “‘the human element” that we are
concerned with! Our literature is decaying
‘simply because of this passion and sex stuff.
We have our three weeks,” six weeks’ and
nine months’ fiction. If I am right this is
what the editor quoted turns to as a relief
from the ‘‘sentimentalities and egoisms” of
the literature of Nature—and the literature
of Nature by the way concerns the outdoor
publications and all books for which Nature
and her wonderful works form the back-
ground. On the other hand what redeems
the puerile fiction of the day are the descrip-
tions of Nature contained therein. Turn to
the best books the world has ever known and
_ you will find Nature represented. The writer
Rousseau did not originally create people’s
interest in Nature. Nature has been a con-

stant theme from the earliest day. The

best literature this world now knows or will
ever know wads written by Nature extollers.

_ Let us turn to a work that has been famous

- from the early centuries—Walton’s Con-
templative Angler. This has Nature pure

ey y st
BR as its chief theme; it
sentimentality running through —

Bible in prominence. Was the above quot
editor mindful of that? There are mo
copies of Walton’s book sold to-day th
ever before but the demand for it has |
strong from its very inception. %
Hosts of men and women who vaten aide
have written about the passions die and have
died and sink into utter oblivion—while
men such as Thoreau, Jeffries, Whitm:
Milton, Wordsworth, Goethe, Keats, Byron
and a thousand others live forever. And
their finest work, their most ~quoted work, |
the work upon which their immortality rests
is the work wherein the beauties of Nature ¢
have been extolled. The love of Nature
dates not from the time of the great French —
writer Rousseau but from the early Greek
poets and philosophers upward. I predic
that after the stupendous conflict in Europe
ceases the people will turn their eyes again
to Nature, to the common sod and flowers, _
the blue skies and the limpid streams and —
see reflected therein a greater and better
motive than has hitherto been conceived.
While we have health and our spirits are ig
uppermost and intact we may lose track
of Nature and her divine mission, but when __
we fail; when health gets down to a low mar-
gin, when the last series of hopes fade then
we turn to Nature as to the mother that will
heal our aches. There as we drink of the
wine we gain fresh hope; and as we fill our
soot-lined lungs with her breezes, or stretch
comfortably out upon her soft grass, or wan-
der through her cool lanes we suddenly lift
our faces thankfully and with all our “‘senti-
mentalities and egoisms’’ believe that, as
this editor coldly denies: Nature is a “tender
mother.” In the pits and hells of Civiliza-
tion, with its brewing “‘passions,” and sinks
of iniquity, we may go down to the dust,
unloved, degraded, crushed, sneered at— — 4
and when we have had enough of “passions”
so that we can crawl on our common hands
and knees to some cool nook in Nature itis

‘then that even the coldest blackguard or ~

petty yellow journalist will learn to change a
his views of the lovely earth and rocks that of
reflect resolve and purpose. ae

This editor, my*dear Gove, points to such
a “consummate naturalist” as Henri Fabre
having been duly hypnotized by him and his
writings. As one sheep does, he figures,

let lower sheep do. Because Fabre was a

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cold, Srdag, keen, unloved, unrecognized
man, utterly devoid of one relieving light
of sentiment he scoffed at such a thing as
beauty in Nature. He had lived into wither-
ed old age before he was discovered, and he
hated the world because it had not recognized
him sooner. It is not to be expected that
he could love Nature, or anything concern-
ing Nature but the cold facts; as a matter of
common consent he would live longer by his
works were they relieved by sentiment.
But they are not. He sneers and jeers at
the beauty of Nature. His withered lips
curl at the thought. Yet the works of Fabre,
wonderful as they are, are not any more
wonderful than the works of Richard Jeffries,
Henry David Thoreau, Walt. Whitman, or
Ruskin. This editor accepts Fabre as final,
tracking humbly after him, congratulating
himself on the honor apparently of having
sided with a great man. Henri Fabre, “‘the
Homer of the insects,” whose life histories
he wrote is not necessarily an immortal. It
will take time to prove this.

With the on-rush of Civilization Nature is
being more and more lost track of, and people
at large are becoming less and less acquaint-
ed with her beauties and her true loveliness.
It is therefore but a manifestation of com-
mon opinion, apart from Nature, that she
is undervalued. Nature never has been,
and never will be appreciated by the great
mass of the people. That gift remains always
with the select coterie; and to say that this
coterie is made up exclusively of men and
women of money and means is far from the
truth.,. In point of fact two thirds of the
admirers of Nature and her works are made
up of people with little of the so-called world’s
riches, i.e., money-riches. True, in the long
ago, Nature was worshipped as some sort
of a God. In our day of increasing and
broadening intelligence the same is not true.
We understand Nature and her framework
more thoroughly. Our love and _ sincere
appreciation is held within reasonable-bounds.
We love to go out in cool glades and into
grassy valleys for the relief they bring us
from mortal cares and sorrows. We love
the waters and the running brooks because
it is all so different, and it instills in us so
much of the new and the bright, so much of
the inspirational, by which we gain impetus
for better work among our kind, and greater
deeds of actual good. How pleasant it is
to steal away from the clamors of the city
to look into some still woodland pool and
see reflected the picture of living silenee.

_ Or to realize the pure joys of wading a stream

ale NT A y/ .
Se a a ihe eee
‘all ae, casting ¢ the ly said ng oc asic
ally a trout and tucking ape kl | ing fellow
into the grass or moss-lined eel. Can any-
thing be sweeter than this? Truly amid

such scenes and pleasures lies the road to
Earth’s greater bliss. ee
Nor need the love of Nature be a wae :
and spineless sentimentality. To dub a —
Nature-lover as a poor, empty-headed fool
is to accuse the Angler of being fit along for
the asylum, for the angler counts it as his —
greatest joy to appreciate Nature in all her
countless moods and manifestations. The —
day on the stream is a poor and fruitless one
indeed that has not known its contemplative
‘reflections in which the beauty of sky,
and earth, of water and trees and flowers,
have had a place. How empty indeed is
one’s day abroad if he has not seen Nature —
in her beauty, but has only gone about his
operations in a cold practical, insincere man-
ner, seeing Nature alone as bloody in tooth
and claw, a vile murderer and an assassin
in the dark—and our editor friend would
hold that unless we thus view her we are
hopeless and inane sentimentalists, egoists,
unprogressive in thought and action. And
furthermore this editor holds it is all mere
affectation, this love of Nature, that we are —
all posers. How commonplace and lack-
lustre these grinds of the pen would make ~
this life of ours. How vain they are in the
selfish desire to strip from all possible enjoy- —
ments the holy garments that deck them,
leaving alone the nude body shrinking before
the gaze of the multitude. Then consider
the angler, alive with Nature love and the *
countless fascinations of the stream occupy-
ing himself in his cheerful pu rsuits, and living ©
his life, free of taint and the scum of revolting
civilization! a “34
Indeed from Nature we get our most health- —
ful and deepest joys. Weare animals, though —
Higher Animals, by reason of our crownin:
intelligence; but as other animals are of
earth, and live close to the earth so were we
meant to live close to the earth. We w
not meant to live in cities, though we :
forced to, more or less, in the struggles
existence. Out in the natural world,
ever, is our true home. We gain “ea
strength there and courage, and a clear
and deep breathing which purifies our blo
and therefore makes us more alive and
I owe my abundant, never-dying enthus
not to the ‘“‘gains” I have derived from civ
tion but to the amount of clear air, and
ture-strength I have stored up in m
my last long sojourn. Haunts of men

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commercialistic enterprises and rank, self-
centered individualism do nothing but create

in one hatred and despicable competition.

The pleasure to be gained in cities is the
superficial pleasure; and like powder and

_ rouge it washes off easily. The joy of cities

is only skin-deep. Under it all is sham, pure
and simple—a great farce, of people trying
to make other inane people believe something
that is not so. Such people deteriorate into
mere mechanical clay puppets, worked by
strings, artificially laughing, artificially think-
ing—and on the whole, stagnant. The great
mob of these cannot be expected to appreciate
Nature and her works any more than the
lover of Nature can appreciate and believe
in the blessings of civilization, for there are
none. To find joy in Nature one must start
all over again, at the -beginning. True, in
many the love of Nature is but an affection,
but these do not count. Those who do count
are the ones who find in Nature a daily joy,
who are honest and sincere in their specula-
tions. And this I believe the true Angler
aspires to.

I was greatly interested, I can tell you,
in your explanation of the floating fly in
your last letter and the exposition of the skin
of the water idea. To be very frank with
you this has never fully occupied my atten-
tion, and while I may have suspected some-
thing or another of the sort I have never

_occupied myself in looking for the scientific

answer to it. Your “oil tip” fly certainly
is so far ahead of the ordinary dry-fly that
I have to laugh when I think of some of the
horrible messes I have gone through in fish-
ing with the old style of fly. I have used
oils, paraffine, grease and all sorts of concoc-
tions with which to smear the fly to keep it
floating; the result has usually been that
around the fly as it comes floating down has
been a big patch of oil on the water. We
can easily see where the old form has its bad
points. Take the fly you have put out for
instance. Here we have something that is
‘only a word of art. It is balanced well and
rides the water well. Also the waterproof
condition of the fly and its floating pro-
pensilies is such as to do away with the need
of oils and grease, or parafline (such as some
use for the dry fly) and when the fly comes
floating down it is not in the centre of a big
patch of grease on the skin of the water,
to make use of your term. Furthermore,
take the bungling system of casting the dry
fly back and forth through the air to dry
it—the so-called “false casts’—and even

_ then the fly does not dry out well. In your

FISHING NOTES

fly this is all done away with. The new.
wing material is no doubt the reason of this,
though in the first place the fly must ride —

wings up, and belly down,—balanced so
to speak. This, as you have pointed out,

your fly does because of its curved hook,

placing the full weight of the fly on the lower ie

body of the fly.

There are so many things that have in- —

terested me since we took up our scientifie —

fly-making investigations, together that I
am surprised that I had not considered some
of these things long before.

at the doorway of our endeavours.
also see that it has opened the door on many

speculations, all with a tendency to strive —

for greater correctness as to fly form and
also as to colorations. Imagine, now, for
instance the method of Louis Rhead in his
fly constructions that he says are exact imita-
tions of the living trout fly. And where the
living trout fly has the most exquisite of
transparent wings, often gauze-like and super-
sensitive, what has Mr. Rhead given us in
his artificial reproduction as_ the imitation
of those wings? Nothing more or less than
crude feathers standing up _helter-skelter.
And Mr. Rhead, mind you, has been con-

sidered the last word in artificial fly pro-

duction. How foolish these attempts are
when compared with the beautiful wing ma-
terial you have with your flies in various
shades and forms. Another thing I com-
mend, and which we thrashed out together, is
the shape of the wing; on your flies the true
insect-wing form is held to. On thé other
hand witness the regulation flies with their
feather wings—no true insect-wing shape
can, in any sense of the word be carved out
or retained. And right here Doctor I want
to ask you something and you will quite
agree with me, I am sure. I am going to
refer to the gauze-wing fly. Mark that care-
fully now comrade—the gauze-wing fly. We
hear much about the gauze-wing fly and see
drawings of it in print, but I ask you, have
you ever seen a gauze-wing fly tied to a hook?
I never have. The closest approach to it
I ever saw was some white wing feathers
skillfully clipped and edged around and

touched up with what seemed to me to be —

paint—though done very fine. The gauze-
wing fly has first: transparent wings, and
they are so flimsy and fragile that. with a
little ‘“‘“monkeying”’ they will goto bits. In
the second place they are veined, or traced
just like tiny veins running out here and
there in our system. These veins show up

Now, as I give
the subject attention I see where we are just —
I can

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1348

on the wing. And all illustrations of the

gauze-wing fly are perfect in depicting this,
but the imitations of it look about as much
like a gauze-wing as I look like Emperor
William. Just on that point we can see
how backward is fly-tying, and the true fly-
tying art when they try to foist on us up-
standing feathers and claim that these imi-
tate the gauze-wing of the living ihsect.
In Mr. Rhead’s own illustrations, done finely
with the pen, he shows all this exquisite
veinery, or tracery on the fly wings, but his
imitations are what? Nothing more or less
than untransparent clumsy feathers. Having
failed to progress along lines of new wing
material he did what thousands of fly-
makers have done in the past: he fell back
upon feathers as the solution. In mention-
ing the gauze-wing fly I am recalled to the
fact that a writer (you will remember him—
Mr. Rosenberg, in fact) wrote me, saying
that he had once purchased some exquisite
reproductions of the May-fly which were
so true to life that they seemed virtually to
leap out of the case wherein they lay. These
wings, he said, were transparent and were
veined just like in the living fly. I have
been wondering just what sort of wing ma-
terial they were composed of. Candidly,
the height of wing material inventiveness is
contained in your production and if it is
not possjble to artificially vein these wings
then I do not know how else it is going to be
done. True,—some materials of fragile na-
ture may be used—but just to show dry in
cases. For actual fishing one needs just the
strong material you have that will bear up
well and stand much fishing. Furthermore,
when it comes to that we figure: is it neces-
sary that fly-wings should be traced and
veined.? This gets down to the closest of
close imitation and I hold that this is not
necessary as long as the wing is transparent
‘and is not made of clumsy, unlifelike feathers,
away from which the fly-tyers in the past
and in the present day could not and cannot
apparently break themselves loose.

It has always been my desire to question
you in regard to your frank opinion of the
so-called regulation flies which are so greatly
in use, and are, in fact, the stand-by of so
many trout fishermen. Charles Bradford
pins his faith by the Quaker, another shouts
loud for the Professor, another is agitating
for the March Brown, and so forth and so
on. I will frankly say that some of my best
success, using standard regulation flies has
been with these: the Grizzly King, Brown
Hackle, Queen of the Waters, Professor,

Brown Palmer, Cakehniad. ontreal and
White Miller. To this list I could add some —
others but the above I believe, honestly be-
lieve, sum up some of the best ‘“‘wet’’ flies —
to be had on the market. Furthermore I
hold that if these, of the standard regulation
flies, will not do then none of the rest will.
My argument has always been that these
artificials imitate nothing that is the trout’s
daily food? ‘True, we catch trout with them,
but the question is: is it not possible to
catch more trout with a fly that is correct.
as to form and near-to-correct as to wing
material. This I have proven by the use
of your flies. In going over the case of the
standard regulation flies we have to admit
that catches are comparatively few and far
between, and that oceans of arm work and
air flailing must be pursued before a capture,
now and then, is assured. Does this point
to anything? Are there not hundreds of —
trout who see these flies being played in the
water and will not rise to them, while now
and then one will rise, we will say, out of
adventure and sport merely to sample it
and get caught. We therefore-rest upon the
conclusion: the standard regulation flies
will sometimes make a capture, but two-thirds
of the time will not, even when the fish are
hungry and feeding. I must admit, how~
ever, that I have been a devotee of the “wet” _
fly form, or the standard regulation fly.
But that there must necessarily be some
scientific playing of the fly, also must be —
admitted unless the artificial fly is played in
the water so that it takes on lifelikeness, and
animation, to imitate a drowning insect or
a fly rising to the surface. Therefore the —
fly must be impelled along by easy twitches —
of the rod as it is cast up-and across the stream —
and then down and across the stream. No
doubt it is by thus playing the fly that we —
get what good catches we do on the standard —
regulation flies; they (the trout) are deceived
more or less by the motion of the fly.- B : s
shall we say that they firmly believe that i a6
is a specimen of their daily fare, that’s the
question. And right here, Doctor, we must
remember that the Scarlet Ibis, Grizzly King
and Silver Doctor are cherished favorite -
with many anglers. These three flies and
many others are gaudy in the extreme and
represent nothing that lives, creeps or flies ia

Of late years a subject that has been one o f
great concern with me is that of hooks a
hook sizes, and sizes too of the fly. Upon
the word of an authority we have it if
we have been using a fairly large fly > n
poor success, often the changing from th

as

FISHING NOTES

large to a smaller size has been the difference
between failure and success. In some cases
I have found this to be true, but not always.
Like in the laying down of all rules this is
to be taken with a grain of salt. Some like
_ small flies, such as those tied to the Number
12 hook. Others prefer them as large as
Number 8. No doubt the latter school
believe that the tiny flies are so small in the
water that they cannot be seen by the trout,
whereas the larger flies stand more of a show
of being seen, and the trout looking for the
largest morsel would be prone to snap up the
biggest fly. I would be interested to know
what you think of this and as to hook sizes
in artificial flies, also as to what styles of
hooks you like best, as for instance the Sproat,
the Pennell, O'Shaughnessy or Sneck. Also
it would give me a great deal of pleasure to
know just what you think of the barbless
hook. You know that is the only style
that is used in fly fishing in Japan, and fly
fishing has there been an art for centuries
I hear. Seth Green, a famous old-time
American angler, writer and tackle-maker
used nothing but the barbless hook and made
the assertion once that anyone who could
not fish and catch fish with a barbless hook
was simply a poor trout fisherman. I cer-
tainly cannot agree with this sweeping dic-
tum; not by a great deal, and I am sure you
will side with me there. I mention this fact
because a correspondent to Rod and Gun
has tendered me some exquisite productions
of the Japanese barbless flies, and I will,
upon returning to my home camp, send you
several of these that you may see them and
judge more correctly as to the virtues or
othérwise of them.

I was greatly interested in a certain excerpt
out of Charles Bradford’s fishing articles and
no doubt this will be interesting to you. A
writer wrote Mr. Bradford to the effect that
the silver tinsel bodies of his artificial flies
soon blacken and he wanted to know if alumi-
num tinsel in place of the silver tinsel was
superior, having heard that it held its bril-
liancy longer. Now this is something I,

PHOTOGRAPHED FROM NATURE. EVIDENTLY THEY MET THEIR DEATH FIGHTING.

myself, have been greatly interested in and I

therefore pass it along to you for final judg-
ment. Mr. Bradford answered thus:
4 “Doctor Redfield of Rhode Island was,
I believe, the first to use aluminum tinsel in
e place of the silver tinsel, and he no doubt
ag could give you better advice than I on this
Sy subject. I have seen aluminum body flies
¥ of the Silver Doctor and the Alexandria
i, salmon and bass flies, and know of their
eed

being superior to the silver tinsel flies of

rd

% A 4 ae

%

ak Aa aak

lead

ests

\

ining

of Walton.

1350
similar patterns by personal exper-
ience, and by the declaration of no _ less

an authority than my late angling companion,
John Harrington Keene. Silver tinsel tarn-

ishes very soon, whether the fly be used or-

retained in the fly-book. The contact of
the fingers or the most infinitesimal particle
of sulphur in the air, (from a coal stove)
whilst using silver tinsel is sure to begin a
discoloration which ends in the bright tinsel
becoming hideously black. Not so with
aluminum. This metal is not acted on by
air or by water, nor by sulphuretted hydrogen
or concentrated: sulphuric, carbonic oxide,
sulphurous acid, nitrié acid or other suphur

PICKUPS AND

ROBERT PAGE LINCOLN SY ae

OT a very great number of anglers have

any knowledge, or practical information

as to the life of Walton, the so-called
Father of Angling. And yet for all that the
name of Walton is known to all people.
Sometime or another a person is sure to hear
the name of Walton, and he also hears that
Walton was the father of fishing. His at-
tention is then directed towards this immortal
figure. Nor are we to believe that the
legitimate angling or outdoor press carry this
information to the greater host of the com-
mon people; this is not true. The daily news-
papers are really the agencies by which the
multitude get their knowledge that Walton
was the father of angling. If any account
of fishing is printed in a paper, a hint is always
thrown in that “disciples of Izaak Walton”
went fishing in such and such a lake and had
good or poor success as the case may be; or,
as in a clipping I have just taken from a paper
describing a stream it is mentioned,~“‘Walton
could have wished for no more lovely scene
than this,” etc. In this manner, many in-
ferences cast annually as to Walton bring the
people in touch with the subject and they
discover, sooner or later, that Walton was a
contemplative angler, and that he wrote the
justly famous, Complete Angler, the bible of
the line and fly contingent. Yet it seems that
the host of attention is directed to the figure
Only a small portion of this
attention is directed to the lives of such men
as Cotton and to a woman, Dame Juliana

Berners, who are equally in the limelight as

stars in the angling firmament. There is no

Keene, or by sea water or “weak cone ‘of =
salt in acetic acid. Apparently aluminum *
ranks pretty near to gold in its invulnera- —
bility.” - <4
Naturally, however, the tinselling process 3 ;
has been more used in the old form of fly
than in our new flies. I would be glad to —
have your ideas along this line, and also your ve
promised reflections on the making of the
roll-wing fly which Mr. Keene has made. ;
With best regards, : a
Fraternally and sincerely, :
Robert Page Lincoln.

REFLECTIONS

doubt too but that additional appreciation of _
Walton will be the result in the future. It ©
will be remembered that as a poet and drama- —
tist, Shakespeare was recently accorded an —
ovation in his tercentenary celebration such -
as was never before witnessed in history. No —
paper, however insignificant but had some-
thing about this immortal; and the greater — x
magazines and papers, here, there and ora
where throughout the world were vying with —
one another to yield their readers the best :
outlay of material, in prose, verse and. illus-
tration regarding this immortal. Yet the ~
tercentenary of Walton (which occurred in ~
1893) was passed by with but little attention
paid to this beloved patriarch who has done so
much by his illustrious example to bring
pleasure and contentment to the great hum
race. For Walton has done immeasura
good by keeping a standard of faith and p
in this world. Just as his name was lin
with innocence, and quiet delights (sim
delights I may add) so also, well over thr
centuries after his death we continue to -
his name with the same rural or nat
delights, the soothing influences of w
cannot but take much of the shallowness, <
bitterness out of life, leaving instead a philo:
phical outlook upon the world such as is
needed in every crisis. zs
In line with the above I may relate th
this year will see the beginning of a moven
among anglers to properly enshrine a
the people this great figure. In both Ex
and on this continent people will uni
celebration of Walton, his works :

ee FISHING “NOTES

deeds. English fishing clubs and associations
have always done considerable homage to
Walton, but on this side of the water, we have
been lacking. This year however the United
Angler’s League of New York will celebrate
the event of Walton’s birthday which was
August 9, 1593. Acting in co-operation with
this league are hundreds of others throughout
the land and innumerable other smaller as-
sociations scattered here and there, which,
when they find out about it, will do all in their
power to bring publicity to the subject, by
speech and by word of pen in the papers and
the magazines. It is the adopted idea of the
United Anglers’ League to establish what
shall be known as ‘‘Walton Day’’, this day
being, (as I understand it), the day in August
commemorative of his coming into this world.
With an annual celebration along these lines
everywhere much good can be realized and
much dignity can be brought to the topic of
fishing. Angling has been considered by so
many people as nothing short of a butcher
shop performance. These celebrations, how-
ever, and the out-pourings of genuine praise
of sanity and humanity in fishing, will lift
the topic of angling to a greater level than it
has hitherto held among the common people.
In Canada, as in the States, it is therefore of
the utmost importance that clubs and as-
sociations take this up, carrying the program
of their plans into the papers and magazines,
thus affording much genuine satisfaction all
around. Canada, with a territory that claims
some of the best fishing possibilities on this
continent (or in the world for that matter)
should certainly do her part to establish a
significant record. Papers will gladly feature
prose articles, and magazines are always glad
to take in such material as this.

Not overly much is known as to the life
of Walton. Men have sought to trace his life,
and the events in it, but very little has been
the result of these researches in the line of
compact evidence. |

Izaak Walton was born at Stratford in the
parish of St. Mary in the year 1593, at the
month and day hitherto mentioned. He died
on the 15th of December, 1683, as an early
writer has stated, “in the ninetieth year of his
innocency.” Of his youth, the occupations
_ of his youth and the education he acquired we
know little or nothing substantial; this period
is unusually hazy; and has been properly left
more or less a blank. In due course of time
he hied him to London town and went into
business but what that business was, or how
successful he was in it no one has ever been

aT eo

able to discover. As one write has ente
tainingly’ commented: eye

“He went to London, this we know, ane
lived there many years, as a trader of some
kind, selling something or another, wholesale
or retail, but even here this is a dispute among
the makers of books.
cause his shop was small he must have been a
wholesale dealer, and others take a reverse
position. Clearly the greatness of his soul
was not dependable on the bigness of his shop,
and so, let us hope that he sold it at a profit,
especiaily-when he soid his shop, and let it go
at that. It is recorded that he held little
parish offices, discharging their duties blame-
lessly, while in his leisure time he wrote love-
verses graciously, and wrote. with~ noble
sympathy, the lives of men whom he had
loved, Donne and Cotton, among others, and
Sanderson and Herbert.’’

In the year 1624, at the age of thirty-one
Walton (it is related and we must take it for
granted) married a lady by name of Rachel
Floud. They lived in Fleet Street and in
Chancery Lane. This wife died in the year
1643. At the age of fifty-one, in 1644 he re-
turned to Staffordshire, and there married
another woman, Ann Kerr. Although Walton
was the father of ten children only two sur-
vived him at death and of these two little or
nothing has been learned. They have been
swallowed up in oblivion.

When Walton turned his back on London,
and sought peace and quietude in his beloved
glades and streams he did so with a profoundly
clean conscience, eager for the sight of green —
fields and pastures, for leaves and trees and
flowers; for running brooks and incomparable
blue skies arched above. As has been said of
him he turned from London, and etvilization
‘not because he was sick of noise, or a-weary
of existence, but because he knew of some-
thing better. There was great strife in the
little dingy old London of his day over politics
and religion, and the Spanish alliance and
proceedings at court, and a multitude of other
things not refreshing to the soil. So he turned
to the green lanes of Staffordshire, to the
brooks that follow the winding lead of the
Trent, as it drops down through the forests
of Nottingham on its way to the north sea.
On the banks of its ‘silent silver streams’ he
could gather the richest. of harvests, the
‘harvests of the quiet eye’, as one of his
disciples said in another green forest two
centuries later.” ;

At the time Walton took up the pen (or
quill) in behalf of the literature of angling the
subject was not exactly a new one. Even in

Some argue that be-

7 a & +
oe eve fe a ees eee: * ot at ha Oe
Cj ee a | sy 4 ee es ee eS oe

__ were appreciated fully as much then as now,

1352 “—*s
the early days before his time books on angling
had appeared. “The Booke of St. Albans”,
by Juliana Berners was published in 1484,
The “‘Booke of Fishing with Hook and Line”’,
a contribution to the literature of the day was
published by Leonard Mascall in 1590. This
may have been the next in line but in 1496
Dame Juliana Berners, “The Treatyse of
Fysshynge wyth an angle’ or “Fysshe and
Fyssheynge” had been pubiished if I go
rightly by records. Both Berners and Mascall
were literary pirates, or plagarists and took
and helped themselves from writers long
before them. It apparently was nothing out
of the ordinary in those days, and quotation
marks were not in use. A writer evidently
felt that if a thing was good enough to use it
was good enough to use as his own product.
Charles Bradford lists further books on
angling to appear before Walton’s Compleat
Angler as follows: W. G. Faukener pub-
lished his “Hawking, Hunting, Fowling and
Fishing” in 1596. In the year 1606 appeared
the “Booke of Angling or Fishing’? at the™
hand of Samuel Gardner, a divine. In 1651
there was published a book by Thomas
Barker called, ‘“The Art of Angling’. In 1652
Gervase Markham published his book, “The
Young pportsman's Delight and Instructor in,
Angling.” Over these various books, old,
very old and those that were new in his day
Walton found the literary inspiration to
create a masterpiece—at least as he thought—
something better, more compact, more re-
liable than anything that had seen print in
his day. Therefore it was that ‘““The Compleat
Angler; or, The Contemplative Man’s Re-
creation’? appeared in the year 1653 and has
remained a classic from that day forward, as
it always will, as long as men bait a hook, or
cast a fly, and hope to catch a fish. Walton
has been accused of also helping himself to
material from the books and writings of
others without mention. But says Charles
Fredrick Holder: ‘“‘We are told that the

2 ‘inimitable Walton was a pirate; that he stole

from others. In truth, Walton helped himself

to everything at hand, as others had done

before him, andthe result sets a stamp upon
his genius—and the fact that he borrowed
from his predecessors has made them famous.”

, Walton did not apparently have much
trouble in selling his book. The witchery and
all-pervading delight to be found in its pages
and as these pages will be in the future. Of
this book a writer has stated:
“Walton published the first edition of his
celebrated work in 1653 and lived to see it go

y

_them all.

; 2 eats. x ee be
thrdtigh no Tess than five editions, the le s
which was accompanied by, a second pe >)
written by his intimate friend and adopted —
son, Charles Cotton, of Beresford Hall, in the
county of Stafford. In it Cotton treated of
fly fishing. Since Walton’s death every few
years some author and some publisher have —_—
gotten out an edition of The Compleat Angler,
—some using the modern spelling of the word
‘complete’ and others using the old English
form. Some of these published editions, old,
and up to last year are illustrated, others are
not. The earlier editions command fabulous
prices and literally are worth their weight in
gold. Libraries which have early editions of
Izaak Walton’s book keep them in glass cases.
It is interesting to reprint the manner in
which the first edition of The Compleat Ang-
ler was advertised in The Perfect Diurnall
from Monday, May 9th, to Monday, May
15th, 1653. This advertisement appears as
follows:

‘The Compleat Angler, or, the Contempla-
tive Man’s Recreation, being a discourse of
Fish and Fishing, not unworthy the perusal of
most anglers, of 18 pence price. Written by
Iz. Wa. Also the known play of the Spanish
Gipsee, never till now published: Both printed
for Richard Marriot, to be sold at his shop
in Saint Dunstan’s Churchyard, Fleet Street.’

“Tzaak Walton was evidently a believer in
the follow up system of advertising, for the
same notice was printed in the Mercurius
Politicus from Thursday, May 12th, to ~
Thursday, May 19th, 1653. In The Compleat
Angler Walton refers to sixty-seven books, but
if one copy of every edition of his own were
put on a five-foot shelf, half a dozen five-foot
shelves would have to be added to contain
Few books in the: history of che
world have been so popular or have ‘been —
edited by more individuals. Probably thee
romance of The Compleat Angler has been —
more romantic than the life Izaak Walton
himself led in the ninety years he spent upon — i.
this earth. The first edition of The Compleat — “4
Angler found a ready sale. The publishers —
put out a second edition, which is really the
first of the book as it is known today. In this —
second edition he increased its length by at
least one-third and made many changes and ~
additions. The first edition had two inter- 2
locutors, Piscator and Viator. In the second —
edition there are three, Venator, taking the — “
place of Viator, whom, however, Cotton
resuscitates in his second part. The second
edition was so popular that a third and fow
edition followed. If Walton had not a:
Cotton to write a second part, doubtless |

“

4
y
a

a cg ne la eat Sai

Re nt he ere ee OP ne hey te
Se De fe outa oe i ee’
Cech er ee :

adopted son’s name would never have been
linked with the father of fishermen. All
editions since then have been based on this
fifth edition. Following are the dates of the
five editions: First, 1653; second, 1655; third,
1661; fourth, 1664; fifth, 1668.”

The fame of Walton lies not in that he was
an authority upon fishes, for! he was not.

Walton was as far from an authority upon
things piscatorial, (in the scientific sense), as
any man ever could be. He had in no sense
the make-up of a Jordan or an Evermann,
and perhaps for just this reason his name will
live. Dry as dust technicalities, and scientific
elongations of simple facts may do more to
plunge a work into oblivion than anything
else.. Walton cared most for the sweet and
unalloyed joys of angling, just for angling’s
sake; not for the number of fish he was to
bring home, but how few. and how much
intrinsic pleasure he gained in capturing those
few. The reader who looks to Walton for
something learned in matters of scientific fish
study is prone to see his downfall. The very
simplicity and innocence of learning perhaps,
are, in the main, the reasons for this book’s
long life. In the days when Walton lived and
wrote little or nothing scientific was known

~ about the lives of fishes. It was mostly guess-

work of a voluminous order, often amounting
to the supernatural, if we study the older
writers from which Walton drew remarks and
fashioned his own beliefs. Innocence was the
fate of Walton, and perhaps it is as well that
it was. But superstition in those days was a
fact as imbedded as the bones in one’s body.

Walton it is said believed that “any bait
anointed with the thigh-bone of a horse is a
great temptation to any fish.’ This is but
one instance of many ridiculous things that
one may find in his book. One can see how
far science was advanced in that day when it
is known that Walton speculated (taking up
the ridiculous assertions of Gesner) that pikes
are bred, or have their foundation, one might
say, in. so-called pickerel weeds. These
weeds “and other glutinous matter’, aided by
the heat of the sun in certain ponds or waters,
in certain months, in the estimation of Walton
“do become pikes.’ And he adds, “‘Doubtless
divers pikes are bred in this manner,’’ but as
for the great host of others he was not satisfied

_as to how they came into the ponds and waters.

To defend Walton it has been suggested that
ail of these assertions were put out as quiet
satire, but one is unable in reading them in
the book to find that Walton did not accept
these beliefs. If he believed many of these

BRR! FISHING NOTES

theories false he most certainly would ha
made this understood by his readers.

Of Izaak Walton, that entertaining writer
of note, the late Charles Fredrick Holder,says: ©

“There were no great rivers where Walton — .
walked, and talked, and fished. The Dove is”

not so large as the Au Sable, not so clear, so
swift, nor half so rich in fish. Nor can we

compare the Dove with the Nepigon,— o
Swaynham with the Gallatin,—the Stour —

with the Stanislaus,—nor the Trent to the
Rangeley Lakes and the Saguenay.~ It is
a quiet country, calm and green, that makes
up Staffordshire. It stretches from Axe-edge
to Weekin Hill, and back to Weaver Hill again,
all forests and farms, with gentle springs
under green trees, and scarce a mile over
which the busiest brook would have to hurry.
It is not the biggest river that gives the most
angling. Still less is it the one that has the
most fish in it. Not even the biggest fish, nor
the greatest number of kinds, nor the greatest
number of each kind, determine the finest
fishing. The spirit of the angler, is within
us, depending little on outward conditions.
But with all this, the Mecca of the Angler is
in Staffordshire, and must remain there for all
time, though the fish in the Stafford brooks
be common, homelike creatures, in them-
selves scarcely worthy of a place on the boy’s
string as he comes home from the mill-pond.
There are loaches and loaches in Staffordshire,
and chubs that bite at dough, gudgeons and
barbels that leap to the wriggling worm, with

bleak and bream, and tench, and perch, and

the rest, who are not to be forgotten in our
literature, even should our hooks fail to search
for them. But, forever, so !ong as anglers
read, and readers angle, there shall be a brook
dropping lazily down toward the Trent. It
was not the beauty of the brooks alone which
he disclosed on the banks of the Dove. There
is ‘a bank whereon the wild thyme grows’ and
on this bank grow, too, cowslips and daisies
and dandelions, and here for all time in
memory, sits the genial Angler, and discourses
as the birds sing, of divers fish and divers flies,
the love of the ancients, the sweetness of
humanity, and the way to dress fish—all that
belongs to the divine art of angling, as dis-
tinguished from the vulgar trade of killing
fish. It was here in Stafford that men first
saw the beauty of ‘England now that April’s
here.’ Any other brooks, in any other shire
would have served just as well, save, that,
but one brook, at one time could have its
Izaak Walton.”

Holder has further commented on Walton:

“We must confess right here that Izaak

5
:

tet nas

RAS Oe ee Et es

co. eae

Walton was no naturalist.
his book asserts, a complete angler. He was
an angler who could be tempted by no com-
petition, and no boastfulness, into wanton
taking of life. One fish for one’s supper, and
one for a friend, or for the poor widow in the
thatched hut, and his string is long enough.
The trout hog and the fish braggart find no
encouragement from Izaak Walton. The
bigness of one’s basket bears no relation to the
success of one’s angling. For angling is a
subjective process, not a swelling of the store
of meat. None of the naturalist’s divine
curiosity spurred Walton on. He cared noth-
ing for the difference among fish, and never
gave them an analysis. He did not know the
charr, (which he calls the umber), from the
grayling, and because the grayling is scarce
in Swaynham brook, if-indeed it lives in any
brook from Axe-edge to Dudley Green, he
does the ‘flower of fishes’ scant justice. The
leather lips and the throat jaws of the tench
and bream are simply facts of the hook, to

. him, and give him no suggestion of their com-

mon origin, or of the steps by which they
become different species of fish. He is in-
terested in making better fishes out of his
despiced dace, rather than in finding out the
secrets of their fishy lives. Even of the brooks
he loves, he tells us nothing distinctive. There
is no pride in their names, nor joy in their
geography. For aught he says, they may as
well be in Arcadia or Arden as in Staffordshire:

_ we only know which they are by poring over a

tive and undisturbed philosopher.
- quisitiveness did not amount to that of the

Stafford map, not from any details given us by
him who made them famous. This again, is
not the method of the naturalist, who would
have us’see the things just_as they really are.

What concerns Walton is their effect on him.

Again, a naturalist would have left the front
and back door of his mind less invitinglyopen
to the quaint sciences of his credulous age.
He jots down in all seriousness the intricate
theories of learned men who believed most
freely that which never was and never could
be. Yet he touches these pundits with a hand
so deft that one can not tell whether he be-

-lieves their words or, with the next century,

laughs at their pretentious nonsense.”

The outlook of Walton on the world was
essentially that of the poet. His was the
poet’s deathless eye, and the poet’s earth-
embracing soul; more than things mundane,
but also things that abide in spheres of greater
and deeper knowledge—the knowledge of
faith, and simplicity and content with the
little. Walton was ever the pleasant, specula-
His in-

hs

He was just what

li! Ps AN: ¥ Je “Gr oe :
= b> ik feeds ee nee pet:
natoalats rather his) dead en in u :
beauties and comfort that Nature yields t othe |

happily contemplative mind. Walton r reste
his mind in the thought and works of Neterel™ ah
Walton enjoyed a_ pleasant sentimentality; —
but it was not the weak sentimentality that
lowers life. It was the power, rather that _
strengthened his mind and purpose, and made
his days sweet and occupied with his Nature-
worship. Walton believed, as many do, that
Nature was God’s greatest work, and should ©
be admired and praised in accordance. His
love was simple and innocent. Throughout
his work are innumerable lofty phrases which __
truly point to the genius that was really his,
without exaggeration, or praise accorded
where substance is lacking. Many later day
writers, also immortals have been greatly
influenced by the work of this beloved man. ~
Our nature writers, Jefferies, Thoreau and
Whitman were vastly influenced by his works
—most especially Thoreau, in whose nature _
works are seen styles of phrasing like those of — y
Walton and very much along the same plane
of thought. Yet where Walton was an angler
out and out, Thoreau was in no sense of the _
word an angler. It is doubtful if he ever
caught any fish; or killed any game. Thisisin
no way, or sense, a condemnatory slight, but —
merely to show that what caught Thoreau’s —
mind was Walton’s pleasant, philosophical
adoration of Nature. There is little doubt
but that Thoreau was mightily influenced by —
the works of Walton; and it might even be said _
that it led him to Nature and nature writing. _

Walton’s position in regard to Nature, and
the influences it cast about him is no better —
stated than in this poem from his hand: ;

¥

I, in these flowery meads would be,
These crystal streams should solace }
To whose harmonious bubbling noise,
I, with my angle, would rejoice;
Sit here,,and see the turtle dove, >
Couri his chaste mate to acts of love.

Or, on that bank, feel the west wind, oS
Breathe health and plenty, please my mind;

To see sweet dew-drops kiss these flowers, 2
And wash them off by April showers; _

Here, hear my Kenna sing a song—

Or a laverock build her nest;
Here, give my weary spirits rest,
And raise my low-piiched thoughts above _
Earth,.or what poor mortals love;
Thus, free from lawsuits, and the noise
Of princes’ courts, I would rejoice. —

—man, nor one tc
more avenues of sympa 1

A quiet passage to a welcome grave.

- There was in Walton a quiet dignity and
. ES Aeesajnation. If he exalted angling, he did
so by first exalting Nature. Truly it might
& be said of him, he welcomed angling as a good
excuse to be out in the realm of flower, and
__ bird, and tree, of running brooks and placid
aka mirrorlfke ponds. He found in angling the
means toward an end. He sensed contem-
___ plation of Nature in the feel of the rod. As
he fished he did dream; taken all in all he feit
that .angling was a duty and a righteous
___plessing to the soul. James Russell Lowell
feels that ‘what gives him (Walton) a special
__ and native aroma is that, above all, he loved
___ the beauty and holiness and the ways of taking
___and spending life, that make it wholesome for
ourselves and our fellows. His view of the
world is not of the wildest, but it is the
_ Delectable Mountains that bound the pros-
pect. Never, surely, was there a more lovable

— HRE is little doubt but that angling
oF is at the height of its attraction in the

£ spring of the year when the season opens
_and the brooks are released from their icy
bounds and tne sun once more looks down,
_ refreshing and bright from the skies apove.
_ Also there is little doubt but that the great
majority of the fishermen do most of their
angling in the early part of the season, in
_ the spring and the early summer and then
____ give it up for the rest of the summer season.
It is all a matter of fishing while the passion
is good and while the waters are at a likely
stage and when the fish are biting the best.

_ As a matter of fact the insects hatch the best
the early part of the angling season, in the
spring and early summer months and are
constantly on the watch for such insects to
rise from the bottom of the stream and fall
- to the surface after having risen in the air.
~ There is life and beauty to angling in the
pring. One goes out with his heart full of

the resting place of Izaak Walton, 7
Howitt said:

SPRING ANGLING

Sent RosBertT PaGE LINCOLN aor

‘There lies that prince of fishenmer: a
the whole kingdom had been sought for tl
most fitting spot of burial for him, none could
have been found more fitting than this. Is it
not in the neighborhood of that beautiful river
Ichen, whose waters are so transparent that
it looks rather like condensed air, and in which zi
his beloved trout sail about as plain to the eye
as the birds are on the boughs that hang over-
head? Is it not by that solemn minster that Re
he loved, and by that daughter that he loved | ot
still more, and amid the haunts of those whom | of
he venerated, that the good old discipte, not
only of Christ, but of Andrew and Peter, and
of all sacred fishermen lies? _ Peace and lasting -
honor to him! —— thanks should we owe et

han that which he penned down when he»
heard the nightingale singing as he sat ang- — En Be;
ling: ‘Lord, what music hast thou provided for —

the saints in heaven, when thou affordest bad a
men such music on earth ?”

joy and his mind bubbling over with the _
multitudinous thoughts that keep crowding
in for word; there is so much of youth in
everything, and one does everything then with
a fervor that is rare indeed. For it is in the
springtime that hope and rejuvenation are
anew in our breasts. Through the long
months of winter we have indulged in many
a reverie and we may have accumulated much
gloom, but with the coming of spring a newer
feeling finds birth in one’s heart and mind.
Just as the sun in the blue heavens above tells
of the decay of winter; so the banishment of
gloom in one’s heart tells of the coming of
springtime, of flowers and running streams.
To the angler the coming of spring marks the
release of his hopes, and with the angling da
in reality upon him, he takes to the stream —
with a desire that will not down. One sits”
and dreams a great deal during the days of
winter. One has perhaps thought up some
new system of luring the splendid as |

ae is

beauties to the creel, and is eager to try out
that system, or systems—or he may have
found some new flies exhibited on the markets
‘that he believes will be sure winners; or per-
haps he has tied some flies of his own inven-
tion and is wanting worst of all to try them
out at the earliest opportunity. And so
the feeling goes the rounds. The angler is
one of the first to note the signs of coming
spring. He notes in the March days the
shrinkage of the snow, and the earth showing
through that blanket in the fields. He hears
the first bluebird, and first song sparrow in
the fields, and the crows that come from some-
where out of the south quite suddenly. He
knows too the coming of the crocus, and the
bloodroot, and the violets later on—but when
the violets come to stay then the angler is
in his element.

Spring angling is first and last of all a fine
enchantment. Nothing else could quite ex-
press it. I will not render the same verdict
upon the rest of the seasons, say, summer,
in those later days when August holds sway.
A very small proportion of the angling element
try for trout in the month of August, for the
most of them were on the streams early and
had all the fishing they cared for-in May and
June, May being the carnival month of the
year. Many anglers make a fetish of being
on the streams early and fishing while the
fishing is good and the early glamour is upper-

. most. And that, too, is the way I see it.
: In the early part of the season we are at the
height of our desire. Then angling as never
before is a palpitant fact, but if one waits till
the summer is in full bloom he may put it
off and never get to the streams and enjoy
the immortal pastime of Walton and Cotton.
And, too, it is during the first two months

i .< ws Oa’ Ste

ge ne ce eee

after the closing of the season that the fishing

; is of the very best.
Ss 4 Angling in the spring is ieee) a sort of
a - a dubious performance. The opening day
a may be ushered in by a blinding snowstorm

that will obscure the scene and make things
look as though it were the middle of winter.
ut the fact that it snows is not always a sign
thatAhe trout will not bite as witness the
number of tales that have come in about trout
fishing in snowstorms and the catches that
haye been made, and with flies, artificial
flies, too, mind you. But then there is an
ul lot of quixotic things that happen in
he fishing game and not the least of these
may be given passing mention here, foremost
being: mid-winter trout fishing’ that is
to say trout fishing in the heart of the winter
when everything is frozen solid. Now there

nd

‘is no. double but that trout aoe
the middle of the winter, for there are
number of stories to back this up. The pres-
ent writer has not, however, tried this out.
In the first place it is not, in his belief a sports-
manlike process, for one surely can get all
the fishing he wants during the summer and
the spring without going into the game in
the winter even though trout are forthcoming.
Nevertheless there are those who fish for
trout in the winter and have success, as their
stories and photos go to prove. And, mind,
you the fish have been taken on flies, which is
all the more surprising. One man has spoken
of this winter fishing as follows:
“Going after trout during the winter season
is not uncommon in the western mountainous
country, where warm springs keep the water
open throughout the year. Warm spring
creeks, (but not too warm for the trout) are
common in the mountains, andI haveanum- _
ber of times taken fish from such waters on _
the artificial fly in midwinter. The belief
adhered to by some anglers, that trout will —
not rise to the fly during winter has been —
exploded times without number. We must.
remember, too, that with the different species
of trout now inhabiting many of our western — 2
waters we may find fish active through alarge —
part of the winter; the eastern brook trout’s —
spawning period may extend well into cold —
weather, and the rainbow trout in preparing —
to spawn may ascend some of the warm
streams in February. I am not upholding —
fly-fishing for trout in winter, neither do I
think they should be taken through the ice.” ~
Another magazine correspondent has said —
that he has caught a number of trout in the ©
winter, in the State of Montana, and he h
sent to the magazine a photo of that cat hy % i
made with flies, and an excellent one it is.
These fish he holds were “‘taken in. the month —
of February from Georgetown Lake; somes
on a Number 12 hook, others on a Number 8,
but the greater number on a Number 10.”

After carefully studying the case the writer
has come to the conclusion that it is onl y
waters that are open in the winter, and whicl h
are kept slightly heated by so-called wa m
springs that make it possible to take the trou at
on the fly. Trout, in the wintertime, (unde re
ordinary conditions), are hibernating. The hes
usually sink themselves in the mud and they
do not come out of there-till the warmth of
summer tells them it is time to be moving.
to be out feeding. But as a general
\the first fishing of the season is donefnot
flies, but with worms, for the trout will }
be close to the bottom and are not coming

7

i‘.

the surface, surface feeding. The hatch of
insects along the streams on these days is
scant to say the least, and as the snow melts
out the rivulets flow into the streams and
discolor them, and the fish cannot see what
is going on along the surface; they must wait
for a clearing of the streams and warmer
‘weather ,before they rise to the surface for
their feed. There are any number of anglers
who believe that there is no harm in fishing
with worms in the spring before the trout
will take the fly. They look upon it as a
; means toward an end, and that end is the
. getting of a few fine speckled specimens to
make the trip worth while. Worming for
trout of course is an institution. I will not
say that it is the foremost method but surely
it is the most common method. If one is
able to swim a worm in a lifelike manner upon
a7 two hooks at the end of a leader as I have
| shown in a past number of Rod and Gun then
indeed is there some method about it. But
the ordinary method of sinking a worm to
the bottom of a stream by means of a heavy
. sinker has nothing to place it in the rank of
worthy methods, and should be in taboo.
Trout fishing is not trout fishing unless some
c. artful method is employed in the taking of
p the fish. A trout is a fish out of the ordinary,
; to say the least; so should the means of getting
_ him also be. It is the artfulness by which
you capture your fish that leaves a fine mem-
ory in the mind, and makes your various
Y outings well worth the while.
But above all the angling in the spring
; is what stirs the blood more than anything
else. It appeals in an exceptional manner
to the fancy and merely the catch of one trout
may ensure a never-dying recollection. It is
4 the getting out into the open, too, that has
its charm; the release from the gloom of
winter, to drink long and deep of the ex-
a hilarating breezes swept up over moist acres
from-the sun-steeped south is the enkindling
! rejuvenation in everything that calls us out
just as, in the long ago, it called Walton to
his favorite streams and brought from him
those immortal utterances: we cherish. Of
spring angling Charles Hallock, one of the
brightest lights in the angling-literary firma-
ments has said:

“TImprimis, I find that there is a certain
kind of ozone in the spring atmosphere which
makes an angler wish to go a-fishing. He
- takes to water as naturally as a duck. Thence-
forth what enchantment invests the dark
and shadowy river with its varying mood
and cadences; the ,rattling ripple and the
murmuring eddy; the pale buds of springtime

FISHING NOTES —

-and begins to lift down his rods from the rack —

_old fisherman will rub his hands and chuckle, _

em A ae

re the unbrageous fronds of June; sie ca
of the jay and the rasping trill of the king-
fisher; the odor of the ferns and the swee
breath of the opening flowers! No wonder
that the ardent angler takes the spring fever

and overh#ul his tackie. . A big sish to handle!
Herein consists the chalienge and incentive ~
to any essay of personal skill. How the wary —

as he cunningly selects and adjusts his most fic
captivating lines, to victimize that educated
fish who outwitted ail before him. How care-
fully he lays out his lines and establishes his

approaches. And if he can only get fairly ;
hung to that fish, what a crown of glory will —
he begin to burnish up for himself.” a
In the spring trout fishing with worms ce,
you will find that the addition ofa small
spinner ahead of the hook will be an eminently 4
good thing in serving to more surely attract i
the fish that are lying close to the bottom, “
and in and around the deadheads and sunken
debris. If the water is in any way roiled, :

or even a trifle discolored then the trout will
not see as well as otherwise; but the flash of
the tiny spinner aiways gets the eye and will
serve to make a capture where all other
means fail. Of course in this case you will
be using worms. Nor are-worms alone the 4
only things to use in this line of live bait.
There are also the minnows, such as the chubs

and shiners which invariably serve to entice :
the rainbow trout to strike. A glittering *
strip cut from the breast of a shiner and used

on the hook will attract many an old rainbow

to the strike with resultant success. The
current in the rivers is now very strong, and

one wil find that without some split-shot

on his line the current will keep the bait on

top of the water and force it downstream se

fast that no fish will be able to get at it.
Therefore one adds a matter of three or four

small split BB shot, and this will help a great

deal. There are a great number of anglers

who fish a short line for rainbows, when bait-
fishing, and when using the minnow bait.

But the short line is not the best. It is a .
good idea to cast upstream and across, haying
found a good pool where you think a few big
ones are lying. But as the bait is taken
downstream you do not take the line in but
let it out. Let it take its way downstream,
and easily play it back and forth, now draw-
ing gently toward you, now letting it down
again: For the purpose of this fishing one
needs a good deal of line, and a hundred
yards is none too much—one hundred yards
of a waterproofed, enamelled silk line. A six

Sa ee

POR AE Chek rar of eae

‘DSSS

NaC Iai kD hit ey

Re Nad cy a a AE

foot leader is my recommendation, and it

should be mist-hued, if in common gut.
However, since the new Telerana Nova leaders
have come on the market I use nothing else.
It is surpassing in its usefulness; not only as
to strength and durability but as to invisi-
bility in the water which is a potent factor
to conjure with in the selection of a suitable
leader. For heavy rainbow trout fishing I
cannot but mention the Telerana Nova, the
genuine Scotland Robertson material, for
there are times you will need it and it will
stand you well in stead.

It is a fact that the trout at the beginning
of the season love to hug the bottom of the
stream. They are lazy and the winter slug-
gishness has not been seeped out of them.
Therefore, at times you will no doubt find
it a mighty good idea to sink a worm, with
good wriggling ends to the bottom of a pool.
But as a rule by floating the bait, allowed a
fair number of split-shot, you will have a

_ very tidy success indeed. Minnows and

worms are not the only live baits however
that are used by the early spring fisherman.
Helgramite, or dobson and even those long
leeches, or -blood-suckers, make a fare for
the trout. They seem to be willing to take
pretty nearly anything that comes down
with the stream now. If you hook it on
right and float it in a lifelike manner many a
trout is going to be fooled. At this season
of the year the trout as I have mentioned
are very hungry; they feed on the creeper,
now hid in their stick cases that are found
everywhere on the bottom ofastream. There
is little doubt they feed on these creepers, or

NEW TACKLE AND OTHERWISE

‘ROBERT PAGE LINCOLN

ITH the dawn of the new season, with

the waters beginning to clear, the ice

to sink and the fishing days soon at
hand we generally look around us to see what
there is new in the field.

In other years hosts upon hosts of things
have been opened to our eyes, and no manu-
facturer deemed himself complete unless he
had three or four new-fangled notions to offer

_ to the eager angler or fisherman, as the case

may be. For instance note the wobbler

craze that has swept the land from end to

end. That craze has now died down. The

good wobblers survive and the poor ones

» te ; ae 3
wt Oe SS et TERS DS 4 oe
yee 3 = OD AND. Par
. : —

up the stomach oe the first ‘trot ty atch
you will find that they have been feeding
greatly on this. And, says Louis Rhead: — =
“It is natural to suppose that if trout do “1s
not respond to your flies they are feeding on
creepers at the bottom, to rise ccoasioneaaam
when a tempting titbit floats overhead. —
Trout undoubtedly must be feeding con-
tinually on these creepers, both on the bot- Y
tom and while they are coming to the surface
for the change into the imago state, even be-
fore the short time it takes to form the wings
perfect enough for flight.- Thus vast num-
bers of them are devoured.”
How many a time have we not turned
failure into success by putting on at the lead-—
ers’ end a small hook and using one of these
creepers in its movable case thereon, thus
catching a nice trout now and then. It is
always well to study what the trout are feed- _
ing on; and if you find they are feeding on
creepers and cases, use the same as bait and © a
you will do a very wise thing. =
The spring angler is liable to encounter some ~
very high water, and some very wet going ~
along the streams. It is therefore none
of course to have hip boots and to be as warm
stockinged as possible. Warm woollen socks
and warm woollen underwear are things that —
the early spring angler should not leave out —
of his paraphernalia. At the same time az
sweater is a very good thing and should not
be forgotten by any matter of means.
always pays to take the very best of care of —
oneself; a chill after a wetting is liable to dag
more harm than one thinks possible. 5

have faded into the Great Beyond from wh ich
no wobblers return. The queer thing about
the wobblers is that with practically any of
them you can have success, but some of them,
put out by the reputable makers are of last
merit both as to design, durability of cOr
struction and coloration. And what —
been true of the wobblers and other arti
minnows is true of other bass tackle.
only field that has not been improved
greatly is the trout-fly, and the Gove
certainly excel there on any number of po
I think we stand to-day on the brink of
ing not so much haphazard adventuring

7 ie

older designs. We :
ginning of the end of the
. dreds of doubtful makeshifts,
some questionable designs have been put out, for angling, good and otherwis
—but#®inevitably they have faded away, otherwise. The present writer would

Bee ene ee

a
i

7

Note the Snapeye
detachable feature

The new South Bend buck-tail bass This isthe new form of single hooks The same fly as 601 without
- with a rough trimmed body and or snap eye hooks used with the South the gut snell. A small spin-—
back-tail wings untrimmed, This Bend baits. Carefully note this ner may be attached to this
fly is snelled and can be used in fly-- method. It is one of the best of the fly with eminentsuccess. This _
fishing for either small-mouth latest designs in baits with few hooks. | is a bass lure but is furnished —
rge-mouth bass. This is an ex- All the South Bend baits may be in smaller sizes for trout, ti
tional innovation. : furnished with these single detach- on straight-eye ringed snec

able single hooks. hooks.

. as S

eee oe
ro y ,
"ats al }

ep

ian its
het oe.

1360

a > CIN

“ROD A AND G

tr
Tg exh

to the manufacturers that they would do sell
to pause right where they are and give the
best attention to perfecting those appliances
they already have won success with, and leave
off enlarging their scope by putting out side-
lines of second-rate and third-rate stuff. If
they would concentrate on a few productions
and give these their best attention they
would perform a far greater service. Hun-
dreds of small firms of mushroom growth
have sprung up, and many ‘of these have
foisted upon the public wares that were
utterly useless with.the result that many
anglers have lost faith in advertisers. But
the old-established firms, whether minnow-
makers or reel-makers or rod-makers remain,
well-founded, sincere and putting out as
usual only the best material. American
angling writers will by common agreement,
I believe, forsake past tactics and model
themselves more and more on the plan of
the English sporting writers. It is for us
to discriminate carefully and remember always
the old and well established tackle which we
always fall back upon anyhow. I therefore
suggest that the less we have of poor material
in the future, the far better it will be for all
concerned.

This is not however to say that: nothing
new and at the same time valuable is not
possible of construction. Far from it. We
will take one illustration alone, in the case

of the South Bend Company. Their latest
evice is not a new minnow but a new method

of hook application on their minnows. As I
have pointed out the day of the many-ganged
minnow, with as high as five gangs of hooks
upon its person is passing or has already
passed. One or two gangs at the highest is
enough, if those gangs are placed right and
correctly and in the most deadly position on
the minnow’s body. In point of fact I will
go so far as to say that one single hook, (not
a gang), if placed correctly on the minnow
will do as well as three or four gangs distribut-
ed all over the body. The great cry has
been for artificial minnows of few Hooks.
Many have denounced the artificials for
the reason that they were fairly littered with
_ hooks, and that, for that reason they were not
and are not sportsmanlike appliances. But
that day is passing. We have now artificials

_ every bit sportsmanlike by reason of their
few hooks and the excuse no longer holds
good. The South Bend Company here comes
in with the leading process. Their snap-eye
__ hooks may be clasped on, or detached at
- will—and these hooks are single, not a gang.
Thus if you want one hook, snap it on, or

-

word that they are deadly.

if eo or ‘three; follow Bic cz same process. s
has made the artificial minnow practically Bi
one of the leading sportsmanlike appliances ¥ *
of the day. All the South Bend Minnows
have this process of detachable single hooks. —
As has been stated you can carry a dozen
of these hook-denuded minnows in ‘your
pocket, if you choose, and snap the hooks on
when you are ready to fish. The hooks can
then be kept in small boxes for the purpose
in view. I cannot too strongly recommend
the single hook idea and with such a sports-
manlike feature it bears the closest attention
and consideration.
Another-advanced lure of the South pt
people can be used especially for trout. So
well known an outdoor man as the novelist,
Emerson Hough (the author of some twenty
novels or more, such as “The Mississippi
Bubble” and “54-40 or Fight’’)1s the origina-_
tor of this fly. Mr. Hough, by the way,
has lately written two exceptionally good —
books on outdoor life, camping, fishing,
hunting, and outfitting in general for the
waters and the trail. These flies have been
recommended as the most deadly ever pro-
duced, and the South Bend Company are
the exclusive producers of the lure. I have —
not yet tried them out, but I can honestly
say that I like the looks of them, in spite of
the fact that they imitate no living thing that a
I know.of. We have it on Mr. Hough’s —
He frankly —
admits: =
“T have long classified these as the mos
deadly flies of my assortment—I was not |
keen to have these bucktail flies in cone x
use, because they are so destructive. I pee
the deadly quality of this fry is the crawl —
of the long hairs—preferably pull it up or —
across streams in a series of short jerks, a —
foot or two at a time and then allow it to
drop back a little.” 7s

I have not yet got into touch with Mr.
Hough, but will at some convenient later day —
when I will find out more of the history of i.
this fly, and where he fished best with i
I understand that most of his fishing is dona
in the mountain streams, in Montana,
I do not mistake. I shall be pleased to hear
what success has been had with these in —
eastern or northern streams, and shall myselt
there try them out. These flies are snelled;
with a long shank; turn-down eye Spr :
hollow point hook. They are tied of selec’
buck-taii hair untrimmed. No doubt 1
wriggling strands of the buck-hair is t
reason of its success. At least we have
famous man’s word for it. These flies _

‘Wood picktail Trout flies. 2?

The. South Bend Company has been the
most productive this year, but instead of
going in for wooden minnows they have
~~ ealled a halt and have hit out into the in-
teresting field of the bucktail lure, and
especially the tighter lures. I think this is
a step in the right direction and I cannot
commend it too greatly. We have had many
clumsy and over-bearing methods of fishing,
and there has been little artistry or ingenuity
about it, too much slap stick work. Here
_ the use of light buck-tail lures brings us back
~ to fundamentals again. The South Bend
new buck-tail bass lure sort of revolutionizes
_affairs in that it discards the bait rod and
introduces us to black bass, (large mouth),
fishing by means of the fiy-rod. These flies
are much on the order of the previously
mentioned flies and are said to be wonderfully
effective. I have not tried them out yet,
of course, but will not fail to do so. These
flies have a rough body of buck-tail hair with
- buck-tail wings untrimmed. They are fur-
_nished with or without gut snells as see
__ illustration. Those without the snells allow
you to attach a small spoon or spinner. The
combination of a spinner with this fly it
id seems to me should be a good one for the
___ bass in the pockets. The South Bend Com-
__ pany has a wide list of buck-tail lures. some
good, others not so good. Of the weedless
_ spinner hook and buck-tail in conjunction
_ I prefer the style listed as 565W. This makes
__afine light casting lure and it is lead weighted.
J have had good luck with it in bass waters
in collaboration with a thin strip of pork rind,
and while it can be used also with the live
_ frog one will find that the red buck-tail with
its thin strip of pork rind will perfectly fil
the bill; (see Fig. 3). This buck-tail is weed-
less so that it may be cast without danger~
of hitching up, right into a pocket. Further-
more it is weighted and can be cast with the
casting rod. A light bamboo rod and a
smooth running reel for these light buck-tail
lures makes for an ideal outfit. This matter
of a buck-tail lure has received much attention
_ in the last years, and all of those who are
_ particularly aggressive against unsportsman-
like appliances use them exclusively. Singu-
lar of note is the fact that they have but one
hook, a single that is masked in the buck-hair.
This buck-hair is stained various colors.
hat color, you ask, is best? Certainly, on
_ counts, the red. The pure white pork
find quivering out from this buck-tail com-
to entice forth many a fish, not only

spinner up ahead of the hock as this adds —

bass, but cae ike’ rat muskies_ |
One of the oldest forms of bass Sie

have spoken of several times in ae
in this department. When the pasti

remained a taorihe) especially with the o
school of fishermen. ‘The pork rind is widely
used to-day also, and is, in fact, the lure that
you can just about correctly advocate for
any likely water. Just why the pork rind
is so attractive I do not know, but neverthe- _
less it is a fact that it is a killer with a power-—
ful lot of attractiveness tied up in it. I gen-—
erally cut my own rinds and prefer them thin ~
so that they have a quivering motion in the
water. After a pork rind has been used a ~
while in the water it turns pure white. I
cut my rinds the shape of a frog with legs —
and all, and insert the hook at the head,
which may be a weedless one. If careisused -
in this cutting some fine work can be done,’
with so much the better success. It is a good
idea to have some red yarn at the head of the
bait, and I have often tied streamers of red
yarn to the legs. When reeled in the water ~
these give a quivering motion that is especially |
attractive and enticing. I generally take
along three of them, but it is a well-known
fact that one pork rind can be used all day
with success, and a week for that matter. In —
fishing this lure it is a good thing to have a

x ee
\ oY er Tei

much to its enticing values. There are
many sorts of spinners and you have a wide
aggregation to draw from. ‘The fluted spin-
ner is especially good.

Pork rind lures will often prove valuable
when all other baits are in the discard, and
rise none of the lusty fellows. At such times
the insertion of a well cut pork rind may
not prove amiss.

One writer has. said that no matter how
you try or how careful you are your own
productions, cut in the rough, can never
compare with the pork rind that is cut and ee
put up by manufacturers in brine in glass

jars. I certainly agree with that assertion. ES
The purchased pork rinds by far excel. Sab Sa
Many companies, catering to the great de- 3

mands for pork rinds are now making them.
One company (Al. Foss) has put out some
hooks with snaps on them meant for holding
fast to the pork rind. I have never had the
honor of trying these out, having used my

-weedless red buck-tail and pork rind strip, s

finding that very good and up-to-date. In ae
casting the buck-tail baits and the pork-rind, —

a © aie a2) Ss ‘
y=, +) . ‘
‘ > ‘cakdaveict

1362

remember that it forms a very light lure and
I must warn new users of this form that
‘ they had best study and go carefully or they
| will have much trouble. Why? Simply this:
the bait being light its heft will not carry
it out, yet the reel will revolve just the same
even if the bait falls short. The result is
an over-running of the line, a massing up,
causing the inevitable and highly detested
backlash. Undeniably the light casting rod ~
is the thing for this work, and the bamboo
casting rods like the Heddon production
are therefore, in this line especially, a signal
success. A fine running reel is a demand.
If one goes about his casting carefully there
should be no trouble resulting. You must
therefore master your thumbing of the reel.
If you have been used to pasting heavy arti-
ficials out at the pads you are liable to try
that same stunt with the pork rinds or the
; buck-tails and will properly butt up against
an impossibility. Learn to cover your short
distances first before you attempt the greater
casts. Which style of casting do I advocate
for this form? Most assuredly the overhead
cast as against the ordinary unscientific side-
swipe. Accuracy, command over the reel
3 and control of the line are more of a possi-
bility with the overhead cast than the other
form. I would most assuredly suggest that
all bait casters learn this method, both for
heavy casting and light casting. Once having
learned it the side swipe is stored away on
the shelf. For light casting the reel that is
provided with some backlashing appliance
or another is of course a vastly desirable
thing for even if the cast should be a failure_
there will be no over-running of the line, at
least in disastrous proportions. Here the
South Bend reel with its bale wire and smooth
running capacities is a signal success, nor
must we forget such a reel as the Redifor-
Phleuger which is internally protected against

Telerana Nova Again.
To the Angling Editor:—

With reference to your remarks in the
February Number of Rod and Gun, I desire
to say that the Telerana Nova casts to which
I referred, as being entirely unfit for saimon
fishing, were salmon and not trout casts—
namely, size 2 and+«3—the former, I think.
I have had too much experience in salmon
fishing to think of using a trout cast for that
purpose. I always buy the strongest single

ANGLING QUERIES AND ANSWERS

‘ oat = .
the backiaatt i ‘means of
governors. Both forms are com
and the sportsman would do eal to give t
his careful consideration.

I have spoken of the fact that you a z
make your own pork rind lures. These m:
be made exactly in the shape-of the frog I
the form followed in illustration, Fig.
can be used with equal success. Look car
fully at Fig. 1. The head of this piece f
rind comes up to the head of the hook, prac-
tically. How is the rind kept stationary
you ask? The rind may be tied to the ho ol
shank as shown, firmly, and even tied to th
eye of the hook. But it must be remembered —
that the hook itself must be securely inse
in the rind crotch—so securely, in fact, tha
the rind will stay in position, stationary
This can be done, simply and without tk
least trouble. Notice that there is a swi
on the spoon shaft; this is absolutely necess
to keep the lure from twirling around. No’ <9
look at Fig. 2—Here we have a pork col ;
put out by the Hildebrandt company w
is very good. It has a minnow shape’

More yarn than this can be ea
The form of Hilde-

its centre.
added as one chooses.

is a good one. In Fig. 3 we have a South
Bend hook such as the style previously men- —s
tioned, listed as 565W. The South Bend — :
Company, by the way have bought out the
famous Lutz Pork Rind Company and hence- ©
forth will sell this production. Unlike the — a
other two above shown this one has the buck-
tail and the strip of pork rind is added. This —
is a very killing form. Note the weight ?

hanging to the spinner shaft eye. i

right in getting out your rind baits and buek-
tails for this summer’s fishing.

8

9 foot cast I can afford for salmon fihiaeed .
I have no desire to do Telerana we Mr.

as satisfactory in every respect as gut. —
Robertson certainly has some excellent t
monials in regard to them in his catal
and I was very much surprised wie I an

Wis Pay

i
ae RRA

ets

~ ROD

wrong with them, and the ones the guide
said he had tested. Of course I do not know
that his were from Mr. Robertson.
'- Yours most truly,

Walter Greaves.

Ottawa, Canada.

Angling Editor's Comment:—In due justice
to Mr. Greaves we print this letter, and should
have printed it before this, but we thought
that the above was entirely personal and that
it was. not for publication. Otherwise we
would have inserted it before We are forced
to believe that it was a poor Telerana that
Mr. Greaves got hold of, but it does not re-
present all the rest of the Telerana Nova pro-
duction. We have a profound respect for
anglers of experience and for men of Mr.
Greaves’ type, and in all cases we wish to give
them our closest attention and consideration.
The only reason I suggested that perhaps it
was a light Telerana Mr. Greaves used was
that some might believe the Telerana to be
stronger than ever and that even a light trout
Telerana might be equal to a heavy gut leader
of the common type. Such a thing is liable
to happen, even to myseif—TI being no excep-
tion to the rule. In line with this Mr. Joe
Weich writes to me that if our friend Mr.
Greaves will write to him he will gladly send
some salmon size Teleranas and others that
the proposition be gotten at right. I have
found Telerana so excellent that I have given

it my best recommendation and since I would

ST. GEORGE,
N.B.

ND GUN IN CANADA

PS 3 a rips

not do this without first knowing that the
product is good a certain degree of responsi-
bility rests upon myself in this respect. My
recommendation is totally apart from the
producer and is merely that of one who tries
out such things and gives his frank opinion
onthesame. In common with friend Greaves
I decided from viewing the many recom-
mendations that were tendered me that
Telerana was-something out of the ordinary.
I found that it was and so went on record as
its staunch backer. What seems queer to
me now is that this production was not in
use here long ere this. Telerana Nova is
not a new production but has not as yet had
a wide sale; but frorn now on it will be widely
in use and anglers will come to realize that
it is hard to do without it in the tackle box.
1 have received from Mr. Joe Welch the latest
production from the Robertson. factory in
the shape of a corded leader. From the tests
I have given it I feel that it is a great innova-
tion and I am eager to try it out as soon as
the trout streams are open and the trout are
bestirring themselves.

The value of a thoroughly good leader is
well known. If the leader is poor the chances
of a loss from breakage and otherwise are
numerous indeed. Not only that but it
holds its shape and is kinkless; it straightens
out fine, is durable and invisible in the water.

BPs

WINNERS inthe RUSH TANGO SWIMMING MINNOW $50 GOLD PRIZE CONTEST

Mr. Robert L. Singleton, Waycross, Ga. Large Mouth Bass, weight 12 Ibs. Caught casting
with No. 5 Rush Tango Swimming Minnow Cash Prize $10.00.

Master John Barry, Sandu Pond, N.Y. Great Northern Pike, Weight, 71 Ibs. Caught trolling
with No. 2 Rush Tango Swimming Minnow. Cash Prize $5.00.

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA | 1365.

Mrs. Melvin Maddock, Jamestown, N. Y.
Wall-eyed Pike, weight @ Ibs. 15 oz.
Caught trolling with No. 5 Rush Tango
Swimming Minnow. Cash Prize $5.00.

Mr. Tench {O. Boozer, Columbus, S. C.
Small Mouth Bass. Weight 7 Ibs. 1 oz.
Caught casting with No. 5 Rush Tango
Swimming Minnow. Also winner in
Field and Stream Contest for 1916. Cash
Prize $10.00.

Master Lauren Upson, Santa Barbara,
California. Best photo of sea fish caught
on the Tango Sea Bait. Sea Bass, weight
30 Ibs. Special Prize.

1366

Mrs. John O. Pounds, Cleveland, Ohio.

By virtue of its salmon and halibut fisheries,
British Columbia occupies first place among
Canada’s provinces in the annual value of
fisheries production. During the last year,
these two species jointly, contributed ap-
proximately $12,700,000, or over 87 per cent
of the total output of British Columbia’s
fisheries. It is evident, therefore, that, if
British Columbia is to retain its predominant
position in the fishing industry, her salmon
and halibut fisheries must be accorded effectual
protection against depletion, and it is a

ROD AND GUN

Muskallunge, weight 14)4 lbs

IN CANADA

Caught trolling with
No. 2 Rush Tango Swimming Minnow. Cash Prize $5.00.

matter for serious concern that both the
halibut and the Fraser river salmon fisheries
have reached the stage where rigid protection
is urgently required. In both cases, inter-
national action between Canada and the
United States will be necessary to secure
the desired result, and steps should be taken
without further delay to arrive at agreements
whereby halibut and salmon fisheries will be
subjected only to such exploitation as will
not impair their permanent value and pro-
ductivity.

What a CONT ee, oe Oe are et Mee ae a3
NM RR Ce Pal fe hei Ee Ak he ee
Rivne eke | Gey AY co

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA _

%, Lie Slow Series 1 ’ |
HEVROLET ies |

THE CAREFOR BUSINESS—THE CARIFOR PLEASURE

$695,

f.0.b. OSHAWA

Canadians who want a reliable automobile fully
equipped with every device necessary for comfort

and convenience in motoring, choose the Chevrolet
Four-Ninety.

The quality of the Chevrolet appeals to people of
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moderate means. Electric starting and lighting
equipment built in as part of the car.

The Chevrolet Motor Company of Canada
Limited
Oshawa - - - Ont.

WESTERN SERVICE AND DISTRIBUTING BRANCH: REGINA, SASK.

SEND FOR DESCRIPTIVE LITERATURE.

—_—_|
H CHEVROLET /
eee

|

10-> oe
ns

GUNS AND AMMUNITION.

Ys
aq

2 =e DITED BY A:B.GEIKIE :

Cm,
A ae A Readers are invited to contribute to this
ent notes, comments and en-

| A Aa Wa

coacerning firearms andammun-
ition, Communtafiens must be brief

The Publishers of Red and Gun Magazine Invite readers of the magazine to contri-
bute articles and letters te Mr. Geikie’s department on matters pertaining to guns and
pema but do not necessarily endorse the opinions expressed therein by these
eontributers. ¥

THE .25-21 AS A SMALL GAME AND
TARGET RIFLE

ALFRED LOETSCHER

N the October and November issue of Lieut. now uses in his .25-20-86 Winchester
] Rod and Gun for 1915, there appeared Single Shot. Were this .25-20 accorded the
two most excellent articles by Lieut. same treatment as was necessary with the
Whelen, under the heading ‘“‘Small Game .25-21 of years ago the chances are 10 to 1
Rifles.”” I have read both of these articles that it would not have performed any better.
with the greatest of interest. There was, The writer’s experience with this caliber
however, one statement made about the dates back about 10 years, during which most
.25-21 rifle that almost shook my faith in ~of his spare time was given to experimenting
this particular caliber, which I have learned with the view of arriving at a particularly
to regard as one of the most accurate, if fine load. At first progress was slow and
not the most accurate, of the factory made discouraging, as is but natural for a novice.
.25 caliber lower-power tribe. Black powder factory cartridges were tried
Before proceeding, however, I wish to first but proved quite maccurate. Just what
mention that any statements made hereafter size groups these particular cartridges were —
should not be taken as a criticism of Lieut. capable of giving is beyond my recollection, - _
Whelen’s articles. Such is not my intention. as they were mostly shot at small game. —
- for I have long ago learned to regard Lieut. Lately, however, I obtained 100 factory —
Whelen as one of our most truthful writers: cartridges’ for the express purpose of deter-
_ With each succeeding article that I read in mining this point, at the cost of $2.10 a hun- 3
the various magazines my conviction is dred exclusive of transportation charges. —
strengthened that he is a “has been there” These cartridges were shot in groups of 10
and is speaking the truth as found by him. — shots each at the distance of 50 yards, from ~
_ It is my firm conviction that Lieut. Whel-- a home-made 6-point rifle rest. On an ~
' en’s failure with this caliber was caused by.~ average the groups measured about 2% ©
the powder and bullets used. The way I .inehes in. diameter. Were one to shoot -
- understand it the rifles in question were tried several 100 cartridges such as the above I _
before the days of Schuetzen smokeless and doubt very much if one could make 50 pe
suitable metal-covered bullets, which the cent. hits on a target with 1-inch bull at 50.
1368 b :

HBemHRBHEH HF Ff He ow

For Every Kind
Of Shootins—

whether it be moose, bear, rabbits, ducks,
partridge—at the Traps or on the target
range—the selection of the proper Shot
Shell or Cartridge for each purpose goes
a long way toward producing the best results.

>
‘

@

Dominion

Shot Shells
and Metallics

are made in sizes that operate -
perfectly in all popular makes
of shot guns and rifles. The
exact proportion of powder and

Dominion

shot in Dominion loading gives the Hand: Trap
Shooter Ammunition that hits hard and
stops what it hits. The big ‘‘D’” trade pgm pady aon ee ba oe
mark on a box of cartridges is your Gisgh cf caity bunting pares
guarantee of accurate, speedy, well It throws a clay target as well
balanced, Canadian Ammunition. as the regulation trap and
i a boy can operate it. It is
Twice the price won’t buy better. Only light, compact and may be
Ammunition made in Canada. cartes case. It will

turn dull hours into live ones
and help to improve ‘your
aim. Send for circular. Price

Dominion CartridgeCo.,
Limited

836 Transportation Building,
Montreal

Lora

yards. No, asa target load factory cartridges
have no worth unless one considers a 2-inch
to a 4-inch group at 50 yards accuracy.
Smokeless powder factory cartridges were
never tried. While some had and still have
the reputation of being accurate, they, never-

1. 10 shots at 55 yards. Load—2 grs. F. F. F. G.
DuPont and 18 grs. Schuetzen by measure; Ideal cast
bullet No. 25720, tempered 1-12 and seated into the
shell two bands out.

2. 10 shots at 50 yards. Load—20¥% grs. F. G.
Hazard black powder by measure: 1-33 ideal bullet
No. 25720, seated into the shell two bands out. Cloudy
with considerable wind.

- 3. 20shot group at50 yards. Load—2 gers. F.F.F.G.
DuP. nt and 17 grs. DuPont No.1 Smokeless by meas-
ure: 1-14 Ideal Bullet No. 25720, seated into the shell
two bands out.

ROD‘A D GUN ’ IN ( ( ALAN. we ae,

“300 per cent.

~ three to four times as much as was then asked

Loy So
theless, eae alas the ‘reputati of
ruining a barrel in a short order. The Sharp- *
shooter powder used to load these shells estih!
ruined barrels galore. About this there is_
no question. The average rifleman baying
ready loaded cartridges who wants something
really modern surely will be a loser if he uses
such cartridges; several hundred shots will
invariably ruin a barrel completely. Just.
why the ammunition manufacturers adhere
to such a destructive powder may be a
mystery to some; but the fact is that one of
the principal characteristics of this powder
is stability and this is what they are after.
Our common bulk smokeless powders (ex-
cepting DuPont No. 80) deteriorate rapidly
when subjected to the conditions most low-
power center fire factory cartridges are—long
storage. This is a fact to be regretted, for
outside of this drawback the bulk smokeless
powders are the equal in accuracy to any
smokeless powder made for use in a low-
power rifle.
Being unable to obtain satisfactory results
from factory cartridges the next and only way
open for a discouraged rifleman to improve
accuracy was to attempt reloading; con-
sequently a set of reloading tools was ordered
and after due time loads were turned out that
could defy factory cartridges by at least
It is not my intention nor de- —
sire to boost reloading tools; they are most
too well known to require that. Neither —
do I willfully nor unduly condemn factory
cartridges; I am simply stating the facts as
they are actually before me.

As is usually the case with most beginners,
black powder was considered first, as it was
cheap in price and safe to load. Schuetzen
smokeless was then unknown, and Dupont
No. 1 Smokeless, as we all know, cost from

for any good grade of black powder. After
a great deal of experimenting the writer —
finally settled on the following load as the ~
most accurate for his rifle; 2014 grains F.C.
Hazard is dumped into U.M.C. shells with
an Ideal powder measure No. 5; shells resized _
at the muzzle and primed with U.M.C. No. —
114 primers; 86-grain Ideal home-cast bullet
No. .25720 (actual weight 89 grains) sized
to .257 with an Ideal lubricating and sizing _
machine, and then seated into the shell sa e
two bands project. Bullets tempered 1-33.
2044 grains of this powder fill the shells a .

As the usual way of doing this was not a
cient the writer resorted to other means:

=, eS

Pear » Seg hie hay So) red kN a i oe nee ve Te ONS
eo ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

ET HOLD of-a SAVAGE AUTO-

MATIC to-day and shoot the ten
shots quick and straight, ‘‘as easy as
pointing your finger.”’

The accuracy and ease of operation of
the SAVAGE tell only half the story. The
other half comes after years of experi-
ence with it—-strong, durable, never-
failing no matter how hard the service.

When you want an Automatic pistol
you want the best—the surest. See
the SAVAGE to-day at your gun deal-
er’s—-he knows guns—or send to us
for full details and prices. ; ‘As easy as

= ° ”
Savage Arms Company pointing your finger
931 Savage Avenue, Utica, New York

Makers of the famous Lewis Automatic Machine
Gun and manufacturers of military, high power
and small caliber sporting rifles.

4

The PARKER Single Barrel 7am

Trap Gun!

(A Chip of the “Old Reliable’’ Block).

Price $150

THE GUN WITH A PEDIGREE!!!
The greatest scores ever recorded were made with PARKER GUNS.

For further particulars address:

PARKER BROS., Meriden, Conn., U.S.A.

Sales Rooms, 32 Warren St., New York City. - Write for free catalogue.
Resident Agent, A. W. duBray, P.O. Box 102, San Francisco, Cal.

a pea ed atl ES Se aes
steel ¢ or iron 1 rod of the proper diameter and “holds the powder down: . still no eae
three or four inches long, with its base filed is used that could possibly ons toe:
off square, is seated upright into the shell and Black powder requires firm packing but cP
with a similar rod the shell is given from 10 a different method than simply compressing 2 a
to 15 raps; this method does the work to it. Compressing and consequently crushing
perfection, as, the rod acts sike.afollower, and... black powder is not conducive. to the? best

See gee ae results. In order to, have all ‘charges wet
ote em: Pag cles he ee as uniformly’ as’ possible a file mark™a
such a distance from the square end of-t

rod as to’ equal the depth the aye Be.
seated. The 2014 grain charge will

settied to its greatest density, allow men
to be seated so it just touches the powder
with two. bands projecting from the*shell.
Shells. of a. different’ make ‘than “the above —
might require slightly more or less: powder
to.obtain this result. iw 128 3

This load shoots with great regularity. lite
a 1-inch bull’s-eye at'50 yards, when shot from
the 6-point rest.. An average-group is shown
herewith. Sometimes - smailer groups are
obtained, but-. what” eoncérns the average
rifleman is average results—results that one —
can expect the rifle to equal at almost_any
time. Loading the powder by weight. would
undoubtedly show a corsiderable reduction
in the size of groups obtained, as F. G. powder 2
is rather coarse and th refore difficul ee
measure accurately. ay ago the eden
used this method and, while undoubtedly
the most accurate, found it to be pee x:
and consequently obtained the Ideal powder —
measure. No. 5, which proves utsglt to be all |
that is claimed-for it. 2 ;

BSiEGL CL ipLit!

£19 OI

owt. ie atom >
rae ta: q
/ oe
eT
‘ i

TO Sr)
. a rc

Many riflemen complain of thé mais re-
sults obtained from black powder. On this
score I could never complain with reloaded
cartridges, as so far the 2014 grain load is the
equal of any straight smokeless powder load
“Ihave ever tried. The No. 2, model 47,
~ barrel: on_my 44% Stevens Ideal action is
30-inches: ong; and this, I am inclined to _
believe, . will “give Dblack=powder a decided |
adv antage’ over the-26 inch or 27 inch barrels |

« mostly used by present” riflemen: B, G.
black powder is rather coarse, _conseq ently |]
slow burning, and- this coupled “with its
~peculiar, characteristic of starting to burn :
“at the réar end of the charge and shoving the |
rest of it ahead until it is all consumed, might =

Dlg £0 wwardsc) -Load-=2 in a short barrel reach the muzzle before |.

DuPont and 18 grs. DuPont No. | Sindkeios bs meas: combustion is completed and thus affect

ure: 1-14 Ideal ullet No. 25720, seated into the shell
two bands = Fair wind blowing. 3 accuracy.

2. 10 shots at 55 yards: -Load—2 gers; FF, Fi G- Black powder has in a'sense , been superceded _
eae tteal 3. DuPont Nef : aniokalis Sy tea by smokeless powder and is ; not much used at
two bands out: Date 10/15/1916. “present. The main factors that brough

10 shot group at 50 yards. Load—2 grs. F. E. F F. G about its disuse. are: comparatively gree
: Dullet No, 25726, seated ino the shall two: bands out." fouling properties, smoke, noise and. ree

~

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Lem AD AACE ne 2 EN ROAR EL ARRON Tt rena oy
M “= -
"i 00 . 7 1

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Hi

Aw is APA FO
ppteaeremneteat a ER DN, APL ORAI AN NTL EE ap
; rs AV a EIR 8 NS apn

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

The Gun That THE L. C. SMITH
Never eee TRAP GUN

Loose

: With 2 Triggers op ee - - - $56.50
American Made by American With Automatic Ejector - - - - $67.50
Workmen. With Automatic Ejectorand Hunter One Trigger $87.50

We Make Guns From $25.00 to $1000.00.

ASK FOR OUR ART CATALOG

| The Hunter Arms Co., Inc. 29 Hubbard St, Fulton, N. Y.

if {
|
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0 0.) a 0 ee ee: 0 OD 0 OED 0S (0 SED (OS
}
[
i
:
‘‘MADE IN CANADA” |
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The 1917 Ford Touring Car |
495 :
F.0.B., FORD, ONTARIO!
: Become a Game Farmer
The Ford Car is a great boon to sports- { Write for these two books which tell
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camp. It makes the trip a pleasant one, } Pleasure,”? js sent free on request.
and is always ready for a spin downthe }{ It treats of the subject as a whole;
shore or inland for provisions. The Ford : SFr teat aaa Lata ee ee
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FORD MOTOR COMPANY OF CANADA ose ©
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eee

a

a bs ~ Aber 2h oy i renee, mb ta iit A.

1374 ROD AND. 5 GUD

Several kinds of smokeless powder have
been tried: DuPont No. 1 smokeless; Schuetz-
en, and DuPont No. 80. Of the above
Schuetzen has given the best results when
used in straight loads. It is practically
equal to black powder in my rifle and will
shoot into a l-inch circle at 50 yards with
the greatest of regularity when shot from the
6-point rest.

The load that gave the best results is as
follows: 18 grains measure or 8 grains weight
of Schuetzen smokeless, followed by a blotting
paper and about 1-32 inch in diameter;
U.M.C. shelis and primers No. 61%, shells
sized at the muzzle; 8 6-grain Ideal home-

5 shots at 50 yards. Load—14 grs. DuPont No. 80:
Ideal gas check bullet No. 257312, seated in the shell
two bands out. Had no 10 shot group at
this is an average of the work this load will do.

et bullets, No. 25720, sized to .257 and

seated into the shells so two bands project.
Bullets tempered 1-14. This load gives the
same elevation as with black powder but
noticeably less recoil, etc., and is therefore
more pleasant to use. Do not compress
the powder in the shell as this will cause high
pressures and erratic shooting.

Twenty grs. by measure or nine grs. by weight
was also tried but was not so accurate; the
shells would stick and there was evidence
of undue pressure as the primers were con-
siderably flattened. At 100 yards the bullets
struck several inches higher than with the
18-grain charge. Undoubtedly most of this
difference was the result of barrel flip rather
than from actual increase in velocity. This
load shot very clean.

DuPont No. 1 smokeless is hailed as the
most accurate of the bulk smokeless powders,
but in the .25-21 it fails to uphold this reputa-
tion. The load giving the best results was
practically the same as the one used with
Schuetzen, except that 20 grains measure or

hand but

_ even when using a 20-grain by measure charge _

groups were on an average 50 p
than those obtained with either black pov vder
or Schuetzen. she a

DuPont No. 80 is the latest powder placed _
on the market suitable for a low-power rifle.
In the .25-21 this powder is superior to
DuPont No. 1 smokeless, but not quite equal —
to Schuetzen. The 13-grain by measure or
7.5-grain by weight charge showed great
vertical deviation when used with U.M.C.
No. 61% primers and cast bullets tempered
1-14. Increasing the charge 1 grain by
measure or to 8.2 grains weight gave better
results though not equal to Schuetzen. A
paper wad, as noted before, was used to hold
the powder back in the shell. Itis my opinion —
that the great air space necessary when using
this powder, and the insufficient resistance
offered by the 1-14 builets are the principal —
cause of inaccuracy. Metal-covered bullets
would undoubtedly show better results. With
the latter joad and Ideal gas-check bullets —
No. 257312 fine results were obtained—in
fact, is practically equal to the Schuetzen
load. The .250-3000 Savage Ideal gas-check __
builets No. 257388 were also tried but were.
not accurate. Will give them a trial with
Schuetzen, which fills the shell to the base
of the bullet, and am anticipating better
results. A charge of 15 grains measure or
8.8 grains weight was also used with the gas-
check bullets but was not so accurate. This —
load is especially recommended for metal-
covered bullets according to information on
the powder can. This last load develops a
high pressure as is indicated by the primers
flattening out—in fact, the metal of the ©
primers was bulged up around the firing pin
indention and appeared to be just short of
pierced. Such results are not present with —
either black powder or Schuetzen smokeless, _

of the latter. On account of the odor emitted —
DuPont No. 80 cannot be classed as pleas-—
ant a powder to shoot as the iow-power —
smokeless powders already mentioned. a

Smokeless powder has one serious draw-
back and this is its great liability to pit a
barrel. It is now claimed, and to a great
extent undoubtedly true, that there is another
cause for this pitting and that the smokeles
primers used with smokeless powder are
real culprits. These primers contain a con-
siderable proportion of acid, and in our fo
power soft steel barrels are believed t
the real cause of the rapid pitting conne
with the use of smokeless powder. How
this may be, I am of the opinion that
matter what kind of primers are used smok

he

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as ig ve es DRY FLIES—As made by us for the late F. M. Halford,
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ROD AND

less powder wili pit a barrel sooner than black
powder. Nickel steel barrels resist such
corrosive action much better, and where one
is determined to use straight smokeless loads
he should not hesitate to obtain one. The
writer's next barrel, if ever required, will be
just such a one.

Much has been written about combination
loads in the early days of smokeless powder,
when placing a small charge of smokeless
powder back of the main charge of black
was all the rage. This method was given
a thorough trial but success was not to be had
in the .25-21. Lately, however, the above
tables were completely reversed, for about a
year ago the writer decided to abandon the
smokeless primers and find a suitable sub-
stitute to overcome the bad effects caused
by them. The idea of using a No. 114 black
powder primer, reinforced by a small charge
of fine black powder and then followed by
the main charge of smokeless looked so prom-
ising that it was given a trial. As this load
consisted mostly of smokeless powder a 1-14
bullet was used. Upon examining the target
you may well imagine my surprise, for there
were results as yet unequalled by any other

load I had tried sofar, being unable to be-

lieve my own eyes as regards the results
before me this load was tested again and again
with practically the same results, until at
last it was adopted as the most accurate
load ever tried. To the best of my knowledge
this load has not been tried by anyone in the
.25-21, prior to my first attempt.

DuPont No. 1 smokeless gaye the best
resuits in my rifle using this combination
load, with Schuetzen a close second. The
load used at present is as follows: 2 grains
F.F.F.G. black powder followed by 18
grains measure or 8 grains weight of DuPont
No. 1 smokeless; U.M.C. shells and primers
(No. 14), shells resized at the muzzle; 1-32
inch blotting paper wad seated on the powder;
86-grain Ideal home-cast bullets No. .25720,
sized to .257, and seated in the shell two bands
out. Bullets tempered 1-14. Powder tapped
into the shell so the base of ihe bullet would
just touch it when seated to the desired depth.
No steel rod is used to pack the powder.
This load can be depended on to give 10 shot

' groups in or on a 3% inch circle at 50 yards

under favorable weather conditions, when
shot from the already mentioned rest. Dime
sized groups have been obtained so often as
to make it worth while to mention the fact.
On an average this load surpasses the best
of my other straight loads by about 30 per
At first 1 grain less powder (by mea-

Pinte ea. te RA REIT ae

: sults.

a2 a

heavier pees proved a trifle more acc
I have adopted the same. The 20-shot = ‘f
group shown was made with this load. oe
Schuetzen Joaded the same as DuPont Nw. 1
smokeless is perhaps a trifle less accurate in
the long run. 2 grains F.F.G. followed by
81% grains weight of Schuetzen is very accur-
ate and is the load used by Mr. C. §S. Landis.
I have tested this load from the 6-point rest,
using a 1-14 bullet, 87 grains in weight, and
must say it rivals my own Schuetzen load,
although it is possibly a trifle less accurate
in my rifle than my best load using DuPont
No. 1 smokeless. 2 grains F.F.G. is not
quite so clean burning a priming charge as :
is F.F.F.G. With this latter grade of ron
very little if any residue is ei in nes
barrel. pag
Bullets softer than 1-15 do not give good
results. Lately I have conducted experi- ;
ments with 1-12 bullets and have decided —
to use them in the future in preference to
those tempered 1-14, as they appear to give ~
a trifle more accurate results, especially with
Schuetzen smokeless. Recent experiments,
conducted while this article was well under
way, show that with a 1-12 bullet the above
Schuetzen load rivals the DuPont No. 1
smokeless load using a 1-14 bullet, and will |
give 3% inch groups at 50 yards under good
weather conditions. The groups shown were ~~
made at 55 yards. x

A properly tempered bullet ee a far
more important part in the results a rifle
will deliver than is usually supposed. One
or two parts of tin, either more or less, is
sufficient to impair accuracy. An accurate
scale is required if one wishes to have his
bullets tempered just so. In the event of
not possessing such a scale, have your druggist
weigh the lead and tin for you. Lieut. —
Whelen’s failure with the .25-21 might, in ~
part at least, be ascribed to just such diffi-
culties. . *

2 grains F.F.F.G. followed by 12 grains
measure or 7 grains weight of DuPont No.80
was also tried with a No. 1% black powder
primer. This load gave fairly good results _
at 50 yards. Most of the bullets would ~
strike the same place with the others scattered ©
close around. Groups average about 1 inch, Z
Further experiments will be made, for it is”
believed that this powder will give fine re

The cost at which cartridges of this caliber
can be reloaded varies from 45c a hundred
for black powder to 50c and 65c a hundred ~
for Schuetzen and DuPont No. 1 smokel

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Geo. Wright & Co., Proprietors

INSECTS

he

Be ee ee et La MP Ee) ORI RR EES PMS

:
,
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a

respectively.
more than pay for all the reloading tools
required, including beth an Ideal powder
measure No. 5 and a lubricating and sizing
machine. When taking into consideration
the high price of ready loaded cartridges
and the superior results obtained from re-
loaded cartridges it certainly pays one to
reload.

Smokeless powder demands that one clean
his rifle thoroughly or abide by the results.
Many riflemen employ stronger ammonia
(28 per cent. gas), and while it is_probably
as thorough a cleaner as can be found I have
not tried this method yet. For the last §
years I have used Hoppe’s No.9 Nitro Powder
Solvent and it has not failed me yet.

I fully agree with Lieut. Whelen that his
.25-35 Winchester-Neidner is quite powerful.
A bullet starting at 2,250 ft. sec. has some
range and would hardly be desirable in a
thickly settled community, especially in a
level country. A high velocity in a small
game rifle is desirable from the ‘standpoint

ee it eliminates to a great extent any error

through judging distances up to 125 yards—
the distance inside of which most small game
is shot; however, it is far better to occasion-
ally miss a crow at over 100 yards than to
forever carry a guilty conscience by a deed
enacted a mile away. True, such things do
not happen often where care is exercised,
but the longer the range of a rifle the greater
become the chances of just such a thing
happening.

Small game shooting requires an extremely

-accurate rifle if one expects to anchor his

game_fairly regular up to 100 yards. At 50
yards the average small game, such as squirrel,
ground squirrel, rabbit, etc., do not offer a
very large target. A 1-inch or 2-inch circle
is about the limit such game presents, and a
vital shot must be placed into a 1 inch circle
at this range. Crows, hawks, woodchucks

THE NEWTON .256 RIFLE

Cuas. ASKINS f

HE powder which came next on the list
was the number 18. My experiments
with this brand of powder can be de-
tailed very briefly. The .256 with 125 or
with 140-grain bullet develops quite a con-
siderable pressure with an ample amount
of barrel heat. I knew this and was aware
that the Number 18 was too fine of grain
for the cartridge. I thought to play safe

ROD AND. “GUND

The first 1,000 cartridges will

8, + 1 hae Mv as bo
AN! ADA a5 i ee 7% ae

etc., offer not to og ae jae re
figures at 100 yards. Thus we see that a — Jf
rifle capable of pkicing all or nearly all its”
shots in a 1 inch circle at 50 yards or a 2-inch
circle at 100 yards is none too accurate for —
small game shooting if we expect to bag our
game regularly.
The .22 long rifle is used by the great ;
majority of small game riflemen, and while
accurate within the required limits laeks
killing power on such game as crows, wood-
chucks etc., at ranges over 50 yards. The
advent of the hollow-point bullet has helped
some, but still the shock delivered is in-
sufficient. Up to 100 yards and further, if
you can manage to strike your game fairly, _
the .25-21 delivers a paralyzing blow—the
game drops with that characteristic suggestive
of instant death.
The high trajectory of the .22 long rifle is —
another serious handicap to an otherwise
highly accurate cartridge. At 100 yards the
bullet has nearly twice the drop of the .25-21.
This at once condemns it as an ideal small —
game cartridge at ranges exceeding 60 yards.
This, of course, is not saying that you cannot
kill small game at greater ranges—you can,
provided you are an adept at judging dis—
tances. However, the average rifleman will
find that as the distance increases his misses
will also increase in proportion and that for
regular kills 60 yards is about the limit for
the .22 long rifle. This 200 yards small game
shooting with the .22 long rifle is all right on
paper; but he who maintains that regular —
results can be had at that range must possess
a very elastic imagination as to the actual —
distance shot over—guessed it was 200 yards.
In concluding I would ask: Are there —
only a few .25-20 or .25-21 caliber enthusiasts
on this side of the globe? This can hardly be; g
therefore, wake up ye brethern of these fine —
calibers and give us your experience as We Z
have given ours. .

- "si >
above

—

aS.

by loading only 42 grains of the powder
(it afterward proved by scale that I had 44).
Loading this amount of powder, with the
123-grain bullet, five hundred of which had fc
come in by this time, I got into the rest and
let off a cartridge. The recoil impre
me as being vigorous, accustomed as:I )
to the gentle behavior of the 33—100 g)
charge. The bolt stuck but by_strik

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I THE CAMPER |

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. hammer.

Du Pont Number 10.

1380

with my hand I managed to turn it. Phe
primer dropped out of its pocket as the shell
was ejected. The thing looked a little bit
suspicious to me, but I tried another cart-
ridge. I had to drive the bolt open with a
The primer stuck to the bolt as
the shell came out. I have the remainder
of those shells yet with “‘Dangerous’’ written
on the box so that I won’t get hold of them
by any unlucky chanee. If any man with
a .256 would like to try a cartridge that is
warranted to afford him dué breéch pressure,
these cartridges will be sent him promptly on
request.

I didn’t: try’ shin 18 RUS. any further in
the’.256.. I knew that using. the 100 grain
bullet or the 123 grain bullet with about 36
grains of the powder I could get-good results.
But IT already had a fine reduced or mid
range charge, and I knew that standard
velocities with the heavy ball could not be
obtained from this powder without too much
breech pressure. Subsequently I loaded
some Savage .250-3000 shells with it, charge
321% grain, Ideal Measure, 100 grain bullet,
getting a 614 inch pattern, with neither rifle
nor shell showing any unusual strain. I
conclude that. the 18 is an excellent powder
for the Savage, perhaps the best powder to
be had unless the No. 16 might excel it, but
it is simply too quick for the Newton with
its heavier bullet.

Now we come to the Du Pont Number 15,
a nitrocellulose, progressive burning powder,
adapted in granulation to the .256, .280
Ross, and~’06 Springfield. With the Ross,
using a 139-grain bullet and 60 grains of
powder, the bullet shows a muzzle velocity
of 3,300 feet; the Springfield with 54 grains
of powder and 150-grain bullet gets a start of
2925 feet a second. It is one of the three
powders supposed to be adapted to the New-
ton .256 with standard load, the others be-
ing the Du Pont Number 20 Military and the
I was told that I
could use 46 grains of the powder and that

_ 48 grains had been used though the accuracy

was not so ‘fine | as was shown ‘by 46 grains.
In view of that ‘54 grains in the Springfield
and 60 in the Ross, 46 didn’t look anything
to shy at in the Newton. Still, in the light
of my experience with the No. 18, I made
up my mind to go slow, to start in with a
moderate charge and increase grain at a
time until I thought I had enough. J was
still using the Ideal Powder Measure, not
checked up with a scale, and with this threw
what was supposed to be 42% grains and

started in.

_down when it quieted down a bit.

surprised ir find that i it was i etiioting right |
into the black along with the factory cart~
ridge, nésight and not h difference in
elevation, though the facto shell may have |
shot an inch or two higher ‘and an inch to”
the left of my chaz. I didn’t the
two cartridges on ‘same day so could not
be sure of this variation in center of impact.
Anyhow, both cartridges.shoot into the
same 8-ineh bull with similar sigh

It was spring of the year by this time and
the wind blew strongly day after day. The |
best I could do was to wait until about sun-
“T couldn’t
get good groups, though, for some time) A
puff of wind would come up and spoil a group, —
or the light would change and vary the ele
vation. Let me say now that the idea that
these comparatively heavy bullets with their
immense velocities are not at all sensitive
to wind is a» mistake. A moderate breeze,
moderate for Oklahoma, necessitates windage B :
on the sight, and just as soon as you put. on €4
windage you can be suré that the result will —
be a scattering group. 3 found that the —
worst tendency was to. shoot out into the ~~
wind, this caused by waiting until the wind ©
had laid a trifle; which of course TP hada
natural inclination to do. For several suc- |
cessive shooting days, the scores ran from
six to eight inches, always being spoiled, by — Ha

one, two, or three shots gelenate i diagram. 4

a
* 1c

ee. ee ee
VEEP <5) net ose 5

«

ee
ws Melee ae y.

10 shots atf200 yards with the .256 Newsonta 0
42.5 grs. No.315 Powder and 123. gr. bullet. Ta

At last came the right kind of a x , clo
and dead ‘still.- At the first ‘attempt I

a group measuring 434 inches from the
side edges of the bullet holes. This is shown
in target Number 8, sent herewith.. I hav

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15 Toronto Arcade - - Toronto, Canada

The Hunter's or Prospec-
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since with weighed powder charges done a

trifle better than 4 inches (target No. 9) and
have a number of 5-inch scores. This num-
ber 8 target is marked 42% grains of Number
15 powder, but when I got my scale I found
that the powder charge really weighed 2
grains more than that, 44% grains.

With a fine scale in my possession I started
in to weigh the charges, bent on seeing what
could be done with what I considered the
standard load,—6 grains. The one _ thing
which I didn’t take into consideration was
the temperature—it was June now, hot and
dry. I had read that the English are forced
to load less powder when cartridges are in-
tended for use in India, but didn’t think about
it at the time. I had also noted some Govy-
ernment figures on the increase of velocity
and pressure due to temperature, but these
I recalled later.

I loaded 20 cases with 45 grains of powder,
accurately weighed, and the usual Newton
bullet, copper jacket, Spitzer-Newton, pro-
tected, soft-point. Shooting the twenty loads
I got scores around seven inches, one slightly
above seven, the other below. Some of the
cases were put out of business by the pres-
sure, enlarged at the head so that the primer
dropped out, and a few primers were punctur-
ed letting gas back into the action. I re-
duced to 45 grains and still some of the shelis
suffered, not so many. Of the fifty cases
I fired with 45 and 46 grains of powder,
eleven could not be used again. This ex-

10 shots with the .256 at 200 yards. Load—43 grs.
No. 15 Powder and 123. gr. bullet. Target No. 9.

panding shell heads was a new thing to-me
and I didn’t like it. Neither was the accur-
acy up to what I had previously secured.
In view of the pressure I got from 46 grains,

Pe oy

s 7 a ? “
that 60-grain | ae in ae week looked n

big to me—must be that diameter o
and length of bullet makes a difference
the behavior of powders.
The next move was to reduce the powd
charge to 43 grains. This load worke
charmingly. I happened to try it when ifle
shooting conditions were good, getting a 3%
inch pattern with the first ten shots, following
that with another ten in a five inch. The
shots all went into an eight inch black ( sed
a ten inch bull) from a little above the center
to near the’ bottom of the eight inch, this
for the twenty shots. The velocity must
have been pretty high, somewhere around
three thousand feet and the pressure wa
moderate.
Following this, I tested a load of Ad ¢
No cartridge cases were disabled. The ss a
tion was uniform and I got a pattern of 5%
inches, all shots going well into the black
This load impressed me as having abou!
standard velocity, 3,100 feet a second, but
of course I am merely judging by the center
of impact as compared with the factory
cartridge. I need hardly add that I have
no means of taking velocities, and to date
have no reports from the Du Pont Company
as to any combination of powder and leac
that I have used. Some time or other, maybe
when the European war is over, I will g
such figures. :
The reader is at liherty to draw his own
conclusions from the foregoing. For myself
as a load for target work, in the summer, ]
should prefer the 43-grain charge of Du Pon
Number 15. For big game shooting I woul
load 44 grains. In winter I hazard the be
lief that this charge might be increas
grain or so, and it is quite possible th
winter when nearly all big game shooting
done the 46-grain charge would prove \
satisfactory. In this climate, dura h 0
weather, the 46-grain load is not practi
unless we can have stronger shells and
primers. The action of the gun mak
thing of a pressure which = disa
shell. Ts
While on the subject of- primers, let
say that all the shells I have reloai ed Ww
primed with United States Cartridge C
pany non-mercuric Number 8 prime! e
the thousand of these primers I have u
but one failed to fire on the first pull
trigger, and not one primer burst.
primers seem to me to be good beyond
cism. Don’t accuse me of boosting for
U.S. Company. I never had any
spondence with that firm—they don’t

lalotel Griswold

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Single rooms from $2. Combined sitting
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a “FAR FROM A BIG CITY’S NOISE,
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me from Aaah I Scenh ita “duty to my
readers to point out the merits of primers
which proved so satisfactory to me. ~The
primers which punctured, as mentioned,were
o! a different make, came affixed to the shells.
Not caring to test other than the nitro-
cellulose, progressive burning powders in the
full charges, there remained on my list only
the new Number 16 Du Pont. This powder
reached me but recently and I have given
it no very thorough trial.
Number 16 it seems has exceptional merits
for certain calibers and charges. A load ot
30 grains shows a velocity of 2600 feet in the
Remington twenty-five caliber automatic,
using a 101-grain Spitzer bullet. A charge
of 39-5 grains raises the velocity of the Savy-
age .250—3000 to 3250 feet. Fifty-one and
- a half grains in the Springfield and .906 affords
an initial speed of 2875 feet. The Win-
chester. .32 ‘Special has its muzzle velocity
raised 1rom 2112 to 2400 feet by the use of
this powder instead of that loaded by the
cartridge companies.
The figures above are taken from the
circular that comes with the powder and
not from any tests of mine, but everybody
knows that the figures furnished by the
Du Pont Company are the result of the most
exhaustive tests possible. They are to be
taken without any if or question whatever.
And we can not only surmise but know that
when the Du Pont Company announces that
with a certain brand of their powder, in a
: given quantity, with the weight and char-
: acter of bullet prescribed, gives a_ certain
2 velocity, it does give just that velocity:
Not only does it afford the velocity, but the
3 _resultant pressure is a safe one, otherwise
the load would never be listed or recom-
mended. Compared with the Du Pont
Company, possessing all modern implements
for testing cartridges, employing the most
skilled men that money can hire, the tests
of any individual marksman are pretty much
guess work. This much the marksman can

do and that is about all—he can test the

- accuracy of a cartridge to his own satisfac-
tion.

Coming down to tacks, this is about all
I have been able to do with the Newton .256
rifle and cartridge, for I have been handi-

powder company has made no test of gun

_ time I have been impressed with the-necessity »

capped throughout by the fact that the’

or ammunition—at least no test has been &

made public or been given to me. I have,
therefore, been obliged to calculate or esti- |
mate both velocities’and pressures. “All the ¥

of Bethe mol st bone
ment I may make. as to accu
cartridge, and no less as to th ne 5 ye
charge I might recommend, for others
some good fellow might trust’ me and es
into trouble. I have all along been obliged
to retain a wide margin of safety. For in- —
stance, if I could have shot .48 grains of Du
Pont Number 15, finding that the velo ”
was 3300 feet and the pressure 55,000 re
I should have let out a whoop of. pleasure
and yelled go to it. But I didn’t know and
don’t know the pressures involved, so I e
feel obliged to advise that the man who
hand-loads the .256 should not go above 45 —
grains of the powder. He may not, then,
be getting above three thousand feet of
velocity but I know that he is securing a
safe and an accurate load.
Coming to the Number 16 powder, I noted
that the Du Pont Company. was silent as
to results obtained from the .280- Ross.
Knowing the powder company, I’ had no /
doubt but what the powder had been tried ~
in the .280 and found not so well suited to” —
it as some of the other brands. The reason }
was obvious: the powder must be too quick,
must afford too high pressures for the re-
sultant velocity when used in a gun and
cartridge best adapted perhaps, to the num-
ber 10 powder. The Newton .256, Treasoned)
anyhow, is very similar to the .280, and the
powder which will work well in one WH 8
work well in the other—contrary should
be true as well. It follows that I began work
with a pretty mild charge of this powder,
40 grains. The maximum load for the Sav- ~
age .250, it is to be remembered, is thirty-
nine grains and a half, but in tha case the. =
bullet is far lighter.
With the 40—125 load I fired twenty AS
successive shots. The two patterns grouped
together in the black, from the center of the
ten inch bull to near the-bottom. Measur-
ing them as separate scores, ten shots to the -f
pattern, the first was just under five inc
and the second a trifle over, making —
average about five inches, There- ‘was x:
thing to: indicate that any shot ‘had gone ;
wild or that the scattering was due to any-—
thing except the limited shooting any of i”
the marksman.

Though I do not usually aedept’ a shined
beyond question until Ihave fired at lea
50 cartridges, yet this one was. “shooting:
evenly that I am about willing to ve
for it. The velocity I estimate ate
2900 feet, since 44 grains of this po
affords that velocity in the 77MM - Mat

4

in ey eee ee ee ee SE eee eee eee eee ee eee eee

ROD _ AND GUN IN CANADA

The Czar Has

We're still doing business at
satisfied customers with the best of good liquors

But we have not.

BULK CANADIAN WHISKIES.
Rye or Malt, fine and old ........ $4.00 $7.50 $17.00

Rye or Malt, extra old.............. 4, _ 8.50 20.00
Rye or Malt, extra mellow ...... Hi 9.00 22.00
Rye or Malt, very finest .......... §.25 9.50 24.00
Walker’s Impéri <4 525 950 23.00
Royal Reserve Gist rat eae ee Dace 5.25 9.50 23.00
aan s “83” or White Wheat 5.25 9.50 24.00
y’s Special Selected.......... 5.25
emreian (Clay: 22. scdes sec escs 6.25 12.00 28.00

Unlike others, we bottle nothing ourselves,Zour
bulk whiskies, as well as bottled goods, being put up
at and shipped to you direct from distilleries.

3 bots. 4 bots. 6 bots. 12 bots.

White Whiskey................ $2.50 -$3.25 $4.25 $8.00
Maple Leaf Rye.............. 2.75 3.50 4.50 8.25
=e ker’ Ss is afive ees 2.75 3.60 4.75 8.50
Ga Ww. ee 2.75 3.50 4.50 8.50
Ww. ‘Old a es 3.25 3.75 4.75 8.75

range of wigg-

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ever put into a bait—

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—and the fishcan’t miss ’em.
‘ And Oh, how it wiggles!
4 Made in popular red-and-white,
imitation crab and other colors of Hed-
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Retails at 90c each—four for $3.00.

Write for the Heddon Art Book of
Dowagiac Rods, Reels and Minnows.

James Heddon’s Sons
Box 15 Dowagiac, Mich.

T
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Royal Canadian .............. 3.75 4.75 8.75
Walker’s Imperial... 4.00 5.50 9.25
Corby’s Majestic 4.00 9.00
Maple Leaf Rye or Malt,

LBA PeRO tS sree eee 3.50 4.25 5.50 10.00
Royal Reserve................- ao 4.00 5.50 9.50
Seagram’s 3 Star ............ 3.25 4.00 5.50 10.00
G. & W. Special.........:.... 3.50 4.25 575° OFS
Royal Reserve. é 4.50 6.00 11.00
Seagram’s “ 4.50 6.00 11.00
White Wheat.................... 450 6.00 11.00
Corby’s Special Selected 5.00 11.00
Canadian Clabs:. ccs 4.75 6.50 11.50

lf We Please You, Tell Others: If Not, Tell Us.
TORONTO BEERS. Delivered in Outside}

Toronto. Toronto.
Ven AG eS eee oe RY $3.60 $4.00
2.50 3.00
2.50 2.50

Usual Rebate for Empties.

HAMILTON’ BEER PRICES

REGAL
Delivered in Hamilton.
Quarts, per case
are per Case, oe

CUT THIS OUT FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
Remit by Postal Note or Cash in Registered Let-
ter. Toronto or New York Exchange is accept-
able to us. Personal cheques must be marked.

GRANT’S SPRING
Delivered in Hamilton and Dundas.
Quarts, per case
Pints, per case .......
| Cs 1 Areas oe Cie Ea ne Sa ee ee RR mare ee tee Fos yf
Delivered Elsewhere.

OArts. per CASE ooocci) coose dows cadeskcd enters OE $4.00
Punts* Per Cases ..<ssc.. eke seserecoas abe salvage 3.00
EEN ena ch weak suck boson qaanach dacup us aeage pone icceap kakt naeaee eee 2.50

INTERNATIONAL AGENCY

H. E. HATCH, Manager, 5 Cataract TheatreBldg.

Aaont 10a P.0. BOX 618, NIAGARA FALLS, N.Y,

1385

2 - ‘ ‘ 3 of i ge: : i? ai ‘ ‘¢ <4 har
c y ay i, < Ages) graye a . Cer BY x .
1386 “ROD AND GUNIN CANADA
>" ” \ ' - . ’ - or oot . yy a * ees, : he Rk
} eR . salt We tee ae
2 with a 139-grain bullet. The pressure of this but doemi’t raise the devil of a sudd len
a cartridge seemed to be less than that of the I was shooting due north, and

= 44 grain charge of number 15, and the metal
fouling was less. A rag went through the

oe dry barrel on beginning to clean as slick as '

me: though the barrel were oiled. I have gotten

- so that I can judge the degree of metal foul-
ing pretty well by putting a tight fitting
a dry rag through the barrel immediately after
. finishing shooting. Also, I can judge, of
‘sa course, by the number of patches which
ee come out blue from a combination of copper
wr and stronger ammonia. This 40-grain charge
aa of number 16 powder impresses me as a good
ae one for the man who would like to shoot a
' Sia large number of shots at the target without |
ig cleaning.

bs Since writing the foregoing, I went out
nee yesterday with ten cartridges charged with
“a 41 grains of Number 16 and the usual bullet.
Weather conditions were bad, some wind,
=

5 shots at 25 yards with the .256 Newton.
15 grains of No. 80 powder and 106 grain bullet.

Charge

mid-day, bright sun, sun shining on both
shooter and target—never could be sure of
just where~I was holding the sights. I
hadn’t any hope of making a creditable
_ pattern, merely quit writing and went out
to settle in my own mind whether or not the
shell could withstand any addition to the
_ charge of powder. .
The load behaved perfectly, no different
in pressure or fouling. , I expected to -get
three thousand feet—don’t know whether I
did or not. I now think that I can shoot
42 srains of this powder and should then se-
eure the standard 3,100 feet of velocity. I
further believe that the Number 16 powder
is fully as well adapted to the .256 as is the
Number 15, notwithstanding that in theory
the latter should be the best. I like this
_ brand of powder. It has a hefty back push

from the 40 grain, so far as could be detected.

of the light, probably, put all the b let ks lov wo
at’ five o’ clock, two beneath the bull. I had —
no marker at the target but simply sat in the és
rest and banged off the ten cartridges ex- 4
peditiously, wishing to get out of the sun.
I found five bullet holes in a 2 inch, 7 in a
three inch, nine in a four inch, and the tenth -
enlarged to 5' inches. It was a sight better
work than I expected and I would bank on
the gun and cartridge doing as well or better __
next time. yi
I have still to try out this rifle with the
140-grain bullet, probably used with Number _
10 powder. This load is said to give a ve-
locity of about twenty-eight hundred feet
perhaps higher, with a striking energy of —
2,800 foot pounds, accuracy extra good. —
I don’t know anything about it of my own
knowledge, not being able to obtain any of —
the bullets up to this time.-I have been
promising this article to Rod and Gun for —
some months and can’t wait longer for the
heavy bullets. Provided the pressures en-
gendered are not too high, the .256—140
should prove a splendid combination for
the very largest game, grizzly bear and —
moose. At big game ranges it should have
power equal to the .405 Winchester, and at
long ranges is said to slightly excel the Ross"
.280 in striking force. /
Now for conclusions, which I announce
with some reluctance, well knowing that my
friends of the rifle brigade will hold me
strictly to account for all I say. It should —
be kept in mind that one swallow doesn’t
make a summer, and I can speak only for
my own rifle, the Newton-Springfield .256.
I consider it a near approach to an all- —
round rifle, one well adapted to large game _
shooting, to target work at any distance, and ai
to shooting small game. With reduced
charges or with a bullet shorter than that —
for which the rifle is,bored (sent at ae
normal velocity) it performs amazingly well. —
Its showing with the Number 80 powder ~
at 1600 feet velocity, or with 33 grains of —
the 21 at 2800 feet is so near the finest targe ts
rifle accuracy that the difference cannot be
great. With the full charge the gun
shoots finer than I could hold or get a true”
‘line on” with my sights. fe
The weapon is very reliable. Time afte er
time I began shooting without any sighten
confident that the first bullet would be found
in the black and that all the succeec
bullets would be found right there or -th
abouts. While there is a large diffe

a

NewPublications

Describing New Territories in |

. > : P : : br he ee x ee a m ne Mart, 7 ne = Se ae ie
a Cease OR e ee ee ee LR ee ee ee PI a ao “

AND QUEBEC

Are Now Being Prepared for

1917 TOURIST BUSINESS

Mail your address to:-
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Moncton, N. B.

Who will send you in the Spring the
latest booklets relating to Sport, Sea-
Side resorts and the possibilities for
summer enjoyment in

NOVA SCOTIA, NEW BRUNSWICK, PRINCE
EDWARD ISLAND, QUEBEC, NEW ONTARIO |

1388 ROD AND GUN IN CANADA Cree a

vertical variation, between the 1600 foot
velocity load and that of the three thousand
foot, yet the horizontal variation is not mark-
ed. The high velocity or full charges shoot
farther to the left than the reduced charges,
the center of impact bearing over gradually
as velocity or weight of bullet is increased.

“I shall not attempt to give this variation

either vertical or horizontal in inches be-
cause a difference in the weight of arm or in
style of holding might negative my results.
Every man had best try out the different
charges he may select to use and mark his
sights for himself. Be very sure that. a
windgauge sight is needed on the rifle, if
any other than one charge is to be shot from
it, which is no less true of all other ultra-
high-power rifles.

I am very sorry that at this time I am
unable to give pressure and velocity figures
for any charge I have worked up. ._The Du
Pont Company which proposed to give me
ballastics for any charge I found right, is not

yet ready to report—neither do I ‘know.

whether or not they have received a rifle
with which to make tests. I can only state
definitely and positively that in accuracy
and reliability this .256 compares most favor-
ably with any rifle I have ever used.

Somebody has asked me about the ‘‘clear-
ance,” the difference between the diameter
of the muzzle of the shell and the shell cham-
ber at the muzzle. The question is technical
and of more interest to rifle manufacturers
and rifle experts than anybody else. So long
as a rifle does its work the clearance it-may
have matters little to me. It seems that the
advocates of a slight clearance or close fit
maintain that greater accuracy is secured
by the use of a shell fitting tight at the muz-
zle. On the other hand, Mr. Newton says,
too tight a fit adds to breech pressure rather
‘than to accuracy. I will say here that the

~man who has been loading full charges for :
“this gun won’t care to add greatly to breech
“pressure. Having no instruments to take
-bore measurements with, maybe wouldn’t
“have gone to the trouble anyhow, I sub-
“mitted the matter to the Newton Arms

Company, and was told that the clearance

was the same as-that used in the Springfield,
three and a half thousandths, as well as I

remember. I was turther informed’ that if

. later the company found it desirable to reduce
clearance slightly, this would -be done. ' The

“Newton Arms Company maintains, more-

*over, that, as compared with a special rifle”

ike Neidner’s, _considerabte clearance will
Halwere: be. necessary, ‘for this arm is intended

a trifle more clearance than~is absolutd ly

‘shell blackens about the neck, which it does |

‘none of these three t nd. foot

to take factory ammunition of. eek
which there might be and w be
difference in shell diameter. Neverthelia
my ‘personal impression is” that the rifle-ha Ss

necessary—judging entirely from, the way the

more than any other cartridge? ease that If
have ever seen. a
Another inquirer desires me to be specific
about metal fouling. He is rather skeptical
about the non-fouling qualities of the pure
copper jacketed bullet when driven at better
than three thousand feet. Lord bless us, of ©
course there is metal fouling. I think, in- —
deed, that this very matter of metal fouling ~
has fixed a present limitation on rifle velocities q
ot three thousand or thirty-one hundred
feet, beyond which we cannot go to advantage.
The man who wishes thirty-three hundred_
or thirty-four hundred feet, using copper —
jackets, can enjoy his velocity alone for all ©
of me—I’ll stick ‘to something around three
thousand feet until a better bullet jacket is
designed. I haven’t cleaned these high-—
velocity rifles hundreds of times without
getting a lesson.

Color, sure! A dozen rags come out or ~
that bore of different tints from nearly black ~
to light blue. Mr. Newton advised me not
to use stronger ammonia, but to adopt his
plan of a brass seratch brush and oil. I have
a fine marble brush and their solvent oil, but -
was never willing to risk my rifle without —
the ammonia treatment. Metal fouling, my —
friends, is the price we have to pay for these
high-power, extreme velocity rifles. Mr.
Newton maintains that the copper depos e
never interferes with accuracy, unlike nickel
deposits, which may be. I have not know
my rifle to-fall off at all in accuracy, but.
neither have I shot it more than fifty times
without cleaning. I have a suspicion that
if such a rifle as this one or the Savage .250
or the Ross .280 were shot day after day,
at a soldier’s average rate of firing, 185 shots
a day, maintained for a good length of time
without cleaning, eventually the bore would
become constricted by the metal deposi
resulting in a burst. barrel. Of course
is nothing but a theory of mine-and-proba
dead wrong. Of course the big game shoc
with the limited numberof shots he fires
little need to consider. fouling except that
he néeds to get it out atthe end of the «
neither do I think that the ‘target shot
ever fire enough rounds in one day to d
the accuracy of his weapon, but for

~—- &

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and terms of sale of the fol-

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Province of Quebec

in September and October, 1916, in ‘
of them with antlers having a spread of FS

five to six feet.

The Bull Moose which attacked Cotnaeie ;:
Theodore Roosevelt was killed by him

within fifty miles of the City of Quebec.

Mrs. H. G. Campbell, of New York, has

a record of a black bear and a large bull
moose at Lake Kiskisink.

The big bull moose of ex-Mayor Carter
Harrison, of Chicago, was killed in
Northern Quebec.

Caribou and Deer

are abundant in parts of Quebec Pro-
vince, as well as moose and bear.

THE BEST TROUT FISHING

in the world is in the Province of Que-
bec, and so are the best Guides both for
fishing and hunting. Read Henry van
Dyke’s description of some of them in
“Little Rivers.

Would you like to own

A Summer Camp

for your family, by a forest-clad stream
or mountain- -surrounded lake?

You can build one of your own, by leas-
ing a fishing and hunting territory from
the Government of the Province, whether
a resident of it or not, or by joining one
of the many fish and game clubs.

Write for all p< articulars concerning fishing
and hunting rights, fish and game laws,
guides, etc., to

Hon. Honore Mercier,

Minister of Colonization,
Mines and Fisheries

Quebec, Que.

i

b
OD OD OE) AD A A DT OE A A A OE OA A A OS OAS A AS A) A A A AE A) (> Oe
‘ hers Ss he en the Ae
: ‘ es Fe Shred sn RI iit ot eg
; Pi v. . i? . ~ » pd Se fi ~ 0) ‘ 7
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rifles is a .30-30. I sometimes think that
a wise man would be content with a 30-30,
cleaning it regularly January first. The
beauty of the mid-range charge, deer load,
33-100, in this gun is that metal fouling is
very slight.

A third correspondent asks me about hand-
loading the cartridges—he is unwilling to
pay six dollars a hundred or whatever the
price is for factory shells. Here I feel willing
to speak authoritatively. Nobody can fill
cartridge cases for me which I would shoot
in preference to those I loaded myself. In
my target shooting days I wasn’t willing to
use factory ammunition, and I wouldn’t be
now. With the powder weighed to a_ hair,
with the brand or number of powder that I
have found best, with the bullet seated to
the depth which I decide is right, I go to
the range confident that my bullets will

travel down the course in a groove from.

which they can’t get out. The factory

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cartridges might do as well but there is
any “might” about mine. a

A word about mobilubricant and I am —
done. Throughout this work with the .256 —
I have not used any mobilubricant, though
I have no doubt whatever but what the — 4
lubricant. would have materially lessened
metal fouling. In the first place, I doubt
if the lubricant adds anything to accuracy
unless it is placed on the bullets with the
greatest evenness. Then I got word from —
tests made which showed that the mobilubri-
cant added several thousand pounds to
breech pressure. Furthermore, I wished to
avoid bolt-thrust, and to me it seemed that
a greased chamber must add to bolt-thrust.
And, not changing the subject greatly, I
believe that a used shell reloaded, one that
has expanded to fit the chamber, shoots ;
. better, with less bolt-thrust than a new shell. __

These cussed rifles will make deer shooting __
a cinch instead of a problem. 4

4
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“J

QUERIES AND ANSWERS 7 =

Cordite In A Black Powder Rifle.

Editor Guns and Ammunition: Could you
let me know what cordite would do to a rifle
that was not made for smokeless powder?
—“‘‘Reader.”

(The use of cordité on my rifle speils ruina-
tion to the barrel in a very short time as the
erosive tendencies of this explosive are great.
On a rifle adapted to smokeless powder the

erosion mentioned takes longer to be per-

ceptibie to the ordinary shooter but is plainly
evident to the well posted crank after a few
thousand rounds. In a rifle not adapted to
smokeless powder the use of this expiosive
wil speil even speedier ruination to the rifling
and the continued practice of such experi-
ments will bring great joy to the undertakers

eventually. — Editor).

Choice of .405 or .401 Winchester or .303
Savage.

Editor Guns and Ammunition: Will you

please answer through these columns which

you think is the best gun for moose, the .401

or .405 Winchester, or .303 Savage.
Winnipeg, Man. CMe

(As you are probably aware the .405 is
the much more powerful rifle of the three
with much greater shocking and killing power
at killing ranges. The .405 is seen to best
advantage up to and including 200 yards
where it is decidedly effective on big game.

The .401 Self-loading Winchester is a good
killer on paper at the muzzle but you are not
going to shoot trapped moose and at long
ranges the short stubby bullet of this rifie
fails off in velocity and energy so that at
killing ranges it possesses only a lady-like
punch. I wouid prefer the .303 Savage to
the .401 as a moose rifle but both are exceeded
in power by the .405 which will kill any- —
thing that walks on four legs in America and
has even made a good record with Col. Roose- —
velt in Africa.—Editor). a

>

Choice of a Remington Automatic.
Editor Guns and Ammunition: As I am _
a reader of your magazine I wiil be very glad —
if you will furnish me with the following in- —
formation. I am going to purchase a new —
Remington Automatic rifle for deer and bear
hunting. What calibre would you advise —
me to get? I also have one .32 Winchester —
Special and one .38-55 smokeless Mar in.
Both these rifles have round barrels and are ©
equipped with factory sights. I am going
to have these rifles resighted, and would like
to know what sights will give the best results’
for big game hunting. - I am sending enclosed ~
envelope for quick reply. “ioe
Belleville, Ont. J.P: 5
(Were it left for me to select your mile
I would certainly hang on to the Remington
Auto in .35-caliber as it is more powerfu

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than the other calibers in ths modet atte
would make a better deer rifle though this is
not saying that the .30 and .32 calibers will
not do the trick. As to sights would have
the rifle fitted with Lyman receiver sight
used in connection with a gold, ivory or steel
bead front sight and would order rifle with-
out the regular rear sight on barrel.—Editor).

Obtaining a Springtield.

Editor Guns and Ammunition: Could you
please tell me where I could purchase a new
.30-caliber U.S. Springfield model 1906?,

(Springfield rifles are sold only to American
citizens who are members of the N.R.A. or be-
long to civilian rifle clubs affiliated with the
Association.

The rifle is of Model 1903—1906 refers to
the ammunition adapted to the rifle.-— Editor.)

For The Readers To Answer.

Editor Guns and Ammunition: Will rifle-
men who have fested the .303. Rem-UMC
high power cartridges in the Savage rifle say
whether or not the ball fits sufficiently close
to obtain accuracy and energy in shooting?
Chatham, Ont. HB

Choice Between the .250-3000 and .303 Sav-
age or .32 Special

Editor Guns and Ammunition: Will you
kindly let me know, through your valuable
magazine: (1) Which of the three following
rifles you would consider best adapted to
deer hunting in the Laurentian Mountains,
the .250-3000 Savage, the .303 Savage or the
.32 Special? (2) Which of these three would
be most effective on deer at ranges of from
500 to 700 yards? (3) Which is the most
accurate at the above range and (4) Is the
87-grain bullet of the .250-3000 Savage badly

PM sasiertod by the wind? I am thinking of

purchasing a .250-3000 Savage, but before
doing so, I would like very much to have
your opinion on this particular rifle, both as
to range and effectiveness on game, in com-
parison with the rifles of the .30-30 class.

Trusting that you can let me have the
above information through the columns of
“Rod and Gun,” and thanking you in an-

~ ticipation.

Yours faithfully,

_ Montreal, Que. We. P:

“eT RN Say) ee Pee ee
ROD AND GUN IN| “A ADA

_ the mesa some miles out of Fort Bliss, Texas,

would have been doubtless still worse though

“(In Sephy ‘to pny qertes to the de-
sirabilil of the three cs 1 : C166
deer hunting would without ante a the
.250-3000 Savage both for the ability of this | |
arm to bring down the deer at ranges. up to
and including at least 250 yards and for its E
accuracy. In fact the only objection we
have to offer against this rifle is the fact
that it is supplied only in take-down style
and not solid frame as we greatly prefer. — 4
The .250-3000 Savage cartridge fired in a —
solid frame rifle such a8 our New Springfield —
or single shot Winchester will give groups ~
equal to or-better than the army ammunition —
up to ranges whereat the velocity of the light —
87-grain bullet of the .250-3000 has not fallen
off to such an extent as to be seriously o F
flected by the wind.

I expect very shortly to have an article —
by a foremost contributor on the subject
mentioned in your last question and will at
present say simply that the bullet is not
effected by the wind to such an extent that
we would pass up this rifle and ammunition
for any other for ranges up to three hundred
yards provided only this rifle were fitted with
a heavy No. 3 barrel of a length not less than
26 inches preferably 30 inches and fitted with
*scope. .

As to the effectiveness of the .250-3000
on game you have without doubt read
accounts of the action of this rifle on flesh
and can readily understand that the arm
depends on the tremendous breaking-up
qualities of the light, soft-point bullet flying —
at high speed to do the trick and make a deep 4
terrible wound whereas the rifles of the .30-30
class act on game only slightly more unusually —
than did the old black powder arms using lead
bullets. Shooting the giant jack-rabbits on

I had the opportunity of noting the effects
of the 150-grain, 30-caliber Springfield bullet _
on this ‘game.’ A jack-rabbit shot at twenty- —
five yards with the full patched bullet was
disembowled and its entrails scattered over —
the mesquite. Using the Peters ““Umberalla
Point” bullet of the same weight the effect

it is rather hard to imagine a worse mess.
—Editor).

s THE DIRECTOR’S ANNUAL ADDRESS TO
THE MEMBERS OF THE ALPINE ee.
CLUB OF CANADA

HE eleventh anniversity of our Club

finds the world still at war, and the

titanic struggle between Right and
Might stil at its maximum.

For close on three years our members who
have volunteered in the service of their
Country have been inthe midst of this bioody
carnage and have proved themselves heroes
in conjunction with all other soldiers of the
Empire. Some have joined the Supreme
Honour Roll; others have been wounded or
made prisoners of war; a number have won
great distinction; but all have given their best
and have, for-all time, coVered themselves with
glory.

We who are at home, for one reason or
another, who enjoy all the comforts of home
and carefully guarded cvilization, must do,
and continue to do, all that is humanity pos-
sible to.render aid to the Empire in this hour
of its need by our united effort. We must
work and give, and work and give to the last
ounce and the last cent; for we have no right
to a better existence than those who are now
fighting for us on the field of battle.

Heretofore, the celebration of our an-
niversaries has been for us an occasion of
festivity, but it is not possible to feel festive
at the present time and we celebrate this an-

_niversary with a feeling of the deepest sorrow

and sadness; our most sincere sympathy goes
out to those who have lost relatives and
friends, and who have absent ones in the midst

of danger; for, above all, is the feeling that

——

: Elirk

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the end is not yet in sight and that the war
must go on until the aims for which we fight
are accomplished, or else all our sacrifices will
have been in vain.

Far from the battle front and all its horrors,
in the quiet of our homes and their daily
routine, it is difficult to realize the vital
principles involved of all that is worth while
in the whole scheme of civilized existence. °
Can it for a moment be thought that freedom
loving nations, while yet able to resist, will
permit their native soil to be occupied by
ruthless invaders? . The whole history of the
world and its wars, and of the free nations
who have fought and sacrificed their best
manhood for such cause repels the suggestion.
Peace! There can be no peace yet, nor until
the weak countries that have been despoiled
and trampled upon and utterly ruined by the
exigencies of military tyranny have been set
free to recover as best they can from the
misery, suffering and slavery that have been
forced upon them.

My theme is not a cheerful one and is
unsuited to an occasion such as this should be;
but what would you? It is uppermost in our
minds to the exclusion of all else and that
must be my apology for a message that I-
would fain have to deal with the dear, peace-
ful, old Rockies we all love so well; where we
have had so many delightful gatherings
around the glowing camp ‘fire, when cheery
goodwill and friendly mirth and laughter were
paramount, and the snowy giants about us

—_ ase be

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raised their hoary heads on high ina fives

<a ment bespangled with glittering stars. What
: cheeriness the dark surrounding woods con-

tained; how we hated to break the magic
circle and, -when at last the command of
“Good night Ladies” broke on cur ears, how
-_we slowly picked our lingering steps amidst
the dim recesses of the forest to where the
white canvas of our quarters glimmered
faintly; and then, when, overpowered by the
ozone of the hills and the aroma of the bal-
sams, we put our heads on the pillow—why,
it was tomorrow.

know, perhaps unwisely, but we were loath to
break the chain that had held since our be-
ginning. It was in a beautiful spot, in fact
two beautiful spots, for there was an out-
; tying camp in a larch grove near timber-line,
___ beside a mirror-like pond, reflecting the snow-
“ crowned ‘‘Monarch” close by. I know of no
- camp more suitable or convenient for comfort.
While the surroundings provided many at-
tractions, it was not in the matter of climbs
ideal, for its location was to some extent fixed
by economic necessities.

The most striking feature was the meeting
held at the upper camp, timed to be syn-
chronous with a meeting held by our members
-_at_the firing line “Somewhere in France’.
_ This was doné at the request of Colonel C. H.

Mitchell and Major W. W. Foster, our two

vice-presidents, both on active service. The
Meeting was held under very spectacular

circumstances. As it began, a fierce electric

storm broke loose; lightening flashed in

blinding forks, thunder crashed, peal on peal,
_ reverberating amidst the hills and producing a
long, continuous roll of sound; we might well
have thought we were in the midst of one of
the big battles of the contending nations.
For five minutes, with bared heads, all present
concentrated their will power to send a tele-
pathic message across the many miles of in-
_ tervening land and sea to our members at the
_ Front. As the meeting closed, Heaven’s
artiliery ceased, the sun broke from the clouds,
and shone on a smiling, peaceful landscape of
fairy-like beauty—a fitting token of a final
- victory of Right over Might. ~-

‘The attendance at the camp was small and
the two ends did not meet, but we were
fortunately abie to supply the deficiency from
the general exchequer.

We very greatly appreciated the attendance
there of a number of our American members;
not alone because we love to see them amongst

us, but because their coming was intended as

aE Cae) eee

“a. a mark of sy mM pathy

We held a camp last summer as you all .

camps, and cannot be equalled for spectacular _ +7

* the opportunity and made long stays, ana

. — Pas laa 1 a oe

| 1 our

and was most gratefully recogni zed
We have decided to place a ¢:
in the valley of Cateract Brook;

best of climbing is all around, avaflable —
directly from. the camp, without any long
tramp before commencing the ascent. There
will also be an outlying camp in the alpine m

meadow near Lake O’Hara, on the site of our.
1909 camp. This upper camp will give op- g
portunities for still grander climb$'and fora
repetition of the magnificent two-day
cursion; over five passes and across five
glaciers that has been made at our previous —

beauty and surpassing interest. The usual —
circular notice will shortly be issued. *
In holding this camp, we do so from purely __
patriotic motives. Our desire is to keep the __
club alive and intact for the return of our — wa
members on military service. It is their eo
desire, and their thoughts and longings dwell

‘upon the time when we can once more gather __

with them around the camp fire, when the din
of war is past and peace again reigns supreme.
It is, moreover, expected of us, in high quar-
ters, that we should “carry on”. Wedonot ~
anticipate that such a camp will pay expenses, __
but that is not one of the important features
of our decision. To all members it shouldbe
a duty, if at ail possible, to assist these ob-
jects by their presence, and to meet together —
and so enable us to send a message of sym-
pathy and good cheer, direct from the big
hills, to our absent ones. aa
Of one thing we may be sure: when the f 4
of the war arrives, we shail hold a grand re-
union camp to officially welcome home those
of our members who can then be present .We
are already making plans and preparing with
that end in view; and I have received assur- <
ances from several of our members in England | a
that they will collaborate and will endeavor —
to bring out a party to join usin this welcome.
I hope that a goodly number of our members" sa
at home will plan to be present upon that — ws
occasion and will ensure a welcome. such as i is a
due to heroes, no matter who they are or is
whence they come. 3 4
The Club House season was a good one anda
the attendance somewhat larger than usual.
We extended its privileges to friends of mem-
bers, and quite a number took advantage of

protesting at the close of their visits that
was an ideal spot in which to spend a holi

a We shall again extend the same privilege this

i
=

year and shall be glad to have as many mem-
bers and their friends as can come. Those
who are run down by the wear and tear of city
life and need revitalizing can make no mistake
through coming; the elixir of the mountain
air, the simple but good food, the regular
hours and the sleeping under canvas, all fur-
nish a rest cure that cannot be surpassed;
while the beautiful surroundings, the nearby
mineral baths, the easy accessibility of at-

tractive parts of the mountains and the very .
_Teasonable rates make the Club House a first

class headquarters for a visit to the Canadian
Rockies. I speak now to those who like to
live in the open air as much as possible, for we
do not pretend to be a hotel and only aim at
offering a comfortable camp.

Last year we issued the tenth annual
publication of the Canadian Alpine Journal.
It was the second war number and gave as
full a list as we had of our members on active
service. Apart from that, it showed some
splendid work by members of the Club.
Another issue, for which the material is now
on hand, will be published this year.

Most of the climbing done in the Canadian
Rockies last summer, outside of that at the
camp, was by our American members, for
nearly all our most active young men are now
at the Front or are being trained to go. The
most noticeable climbs were made by parties
organized by Mr. and Mrs. MacCarthy of

Karmax, Wilmer, B. C., in the Horsethief and

Toby Creek section, and at the head of Buga-
boo and Howser Creeks, with whom were

‘ associated Dr. and Mrs. Stone, H. O. Frind,

Mrs. Vincent and Mr. J. Vincent accompanied
by the well known guide, Conrad Kain. A
brilliant first ascent was also made of Mt.
Louis, near Banff—a very diffcult peak.

Professor Holway and Dr. Gilmour, with-
out guides, made some fine explorations in the
Cariboo Mountains, southwest of Tete Jaune
Cache—a brand new country, and a magnifi-
cent one. They also made the first ascent of
Mt. Longstaff from Swift Current Creek, as
well as of other peaks in that vicinity.

L. S. Crosby of Banff, with the guides
Rudolph Aemmer and Edouard Feuz made
the third ascent of Pinnacle Mountain, a very
difficult and dangerous climb. There were
other ascents but those above quoted were the
chief. The coming Journal will contain
. accounts of many of the climbs made. ‘

During the time camp was on, I made a
trip to the Yoho Glacier, where I had not

4 been for two years, to measure the movement

of the ice by means of the iron plate
there across the surface, in 1906. e
had retreated so far and the tongue of :
glacier shrunk so greatly that I could not find
any of the plates, all of which had fallen into

crevasses, and so I was obliged to set out new a)

ones.

Dominion Government and to the ‘Govern-
ment of Alberta for the continuance of the
financial assistance that has been given it by
them for a number of years. It indicates a
full appreciation of the good work the Ciub
is doing towards the development of the
Dominion’s natural resources. It also in-
dicates a desire that we should “‘carry on”
as nearly as usual as may be possible. This
assistance has again been given and will
enable us to operate for the current year.

Our thanks are also due to the superinten-
dent of Hotels of the Canadian Pacific Rail-
way Company for the loan of two Swiss guides
during the period of our last summer’s camp.
Christian Hasler and Christian Jorimann
were with us and gave us most excellent and
untiring service, thereby adding much to the
enjoyment of the climbers.

We are also indebted to the Railway Com-
pany for special rates to the camp and for
baggage facilities. =

SY

My circular letter of greeting issued for the.
Xmas and New Year will have shown you
how greatly our members who are fighting for
their country have distinguished themselves.
Some have fallen, some have been wounded,
some are prisoners of war, some have acquired
much honour. Their record is magnificent,
but then they are mountain men, and they
hate had the advantage of a training amidst
the great hills of the Rockies. They have
done their duty, what more could they do!

I would ask you to rise in honour of these
fine fellows: to the fallen, amongst whom is
our dear old comrade, our Jate President
elect, Major Stanley L. Jones, to the wounded,
to the prisoners of war, and te those who have
won distinction; I would ask you to rise in
honour ‘of these noble men who have fought
and are fighting—not for glory, not for power,
not for reward, but for the high ideals of
liberty, freedom from despotism and the
upholding of sacred compacts, and, most of
all, simply because they are filling to the
utmost their sense of duty to their country.

In the olden days the spirits of such heroes
were sought in the Halls of Valhalla. Today
they are simply: Soldiers of their King.

The gratitude of the Club is due to ae at

“ALPINE CLUB. NOT oe

It is with extreme regret that we chronicle
the death of Captain A. F. Wedgewood who
was killed in action. Capt. Wedgwood joined
the A. C. C.
He was one of the descendents of Josiah
Wedgwood the great potter, a civil engineer
of ability. He had travelled widely, had
climbed Mt. Torlosa and other peaks in the
Andes and in 1910 made many climbs in the
Canadian mountains. At the. Consolation
Valley Camp in 1910 he met Miss K. Long-
staff, the sister of the great climber, Dr. T. G.
Longstaff, herself a member of the Canadian
Club and a keen mountaineer, They were
married soon. In times of peace he was a
member of the Territorial Force.
break of war he was attached to the Stafford-
shire Regt. and was soon severely wounded.
ok He returned to the Front and word was re-
= ceived in March of his death in action. He
_-__ Jeaves an imperishable name to his infant son
who bears the proud name of Nivelle.

We een |

Mf av Mg ts. yf

7

. Miss McPhedran of Calgary, recently
“3 superintendent of the Ogden, Alta. Military.
Convalescent Home, has been accepted for

n overseas service and left Ogden in March.

Major Harold W. A. Foster, whom many
members will recollect meeting at the Yoho
Camp in 1914 has just been awarded the
D.S.0. The official notice says he ‘“‘when in
command of one of the aassulting companies
although wounded during the advance, con-
tinued to direct his men throughout the whole
_ Operation, displaying great coolness and re-

_ source. When attacked by an enemy party
he personally accounted for two of the enemy,
and took a third prisoner.’”” ,Major Foster
~ _ already had received the Military Cross and
Bere: har.

The Annual Camp will be held during the
- last two weeks of July in the beautifu: V alley

= O’Hara, at the foot of the Watch Tower, on
__._ the same site as the Cathedral Camp of 1913.
--- The nearest climb is Mt. Cathedral known to
~ all who have passed through the Kicking
3 Horse Pass with their eyes open. An auxiliary
3 camp will be placed on the shores of Lake
¥ O’Hara. Among the peaks which can be
_ ¢elimbed from this Camp are Cathedral, Victoria
Huber, Biddle, the Wiwaxy peaks, and many
others. The nearest station is Hector on the
main line of the Canadian Pacific Railway.

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in 1910 as an active member.

On the out- .

of Cataract Creek, which flows out of Lake.

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The Calgary Section of the Alpine
Canada held its Annual Meeting on
27th. Usually this meeting is held malate: 3
birthday of the Club, March 27th, but owing © 2
to the presence in Calgary of the Director, a
Mr. A. O. Wheeler, it was called before its
time. Mr. T. D. Moffat was in the chair, and
among those present were Sir James Outram, __
an Hon. member, whose book is a classic of —
the Canadian Rockies, and Captain C. Ses Lae
Reilly, who recently returned wounded from 4
the Front.
Mr. Wheeler showed some very fine stereop-
ticon views of the mountains, some that had —
never been seen before and quite unknown to ©
any present. There were also some views of ay
those beautiful places which never can be
seen too often; among them one of the site of —
the next Camp in the lovely O'Hara Valley.
Sir James Outram spoke of his early
which helped- to make the history of ‘the ss
mountains, and told many amusing incidents aie
such as happen to all who travel in the wilds —
and are always so much more delightful to
look back upon than to experience.
Captain Reilly told some of his war ex- 3
periences and strongly approves of the ming- —
ling of the wounded from all parts of the
Empire in the same hospital. A great deal of |
information of every description was thus’
gained and interest aroused in other countries t .
than one’s own. The outlook was widened —
and narrow provincialism vanished.
Some of the junior members told of their —
first impressions of climbing. One lady con- i
fessed that the boots of the man in front of her ;
had made a lasting impression—it is to bed
hoped merely a mental one. The subject of —
boots is a never ending one with mountaineers. © a
Another had visions from time to time of the —
luxury of a feather bed—if the sanitarians —
have left any in-existence. 9 ie

The following paragraphs from the Report —
of the Commissioner of Dominion Parks for —
1915 are worthy of deep consideration: —

The Human Side Fas

“If war conditions make it desirable for —
Canada to proceed with an active develop-
ment of its potential commercial resources,
they also, perhaps to an even greater extent
demand renewed activity with respect’to t
other aspect of parks work—the humanitarial

“Any country’s greatest asset is its human
units. It matters not-what Canada’s re-
sources of soil, and forests, and mines, anc

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waters may be; its position in the world, the
- condition of its people will depend on the
efficiency of its human units. As explained
in previous Reports, Dominion Parks work,
as it really is, stands for those things which are
essential to human efficiency—for those things
which promote physical, mental and moral
welfare.

*“As a result of the war Canada is losing
thousands of her most efficient human units.
As a result of the war thousands of her soldiers
‘who return-will be maimed or incapacitated.
As a result of the war industrial and economic
conditions in Canada wil! present many new
and complicated problems requiring an
efficient population to solve. Canada there-
fore more than ever requires those things
which promote human efficiency.

. “In previous reports I have pointed out in
_- detail the many conditions—unsanitary hab-
- its of life, overheated rooms, lack of fresh
air, poorly arranged factories and workshops,
exclusion of sunlight, foul air, drudgery,
monotony, lack of play, and similar hurtful
conditions—which are constantly sapping the
efficiency of the people. I also pointed out
- “that while many agencies must work to
- eliminate these adverse conditions, the ideal
behind national parks—ample facilities for all
Canadians’ to enjoy recreation in the out-of-
doors—if realized, would .offer a powerful
antidote to these conditions, a means of
largely minimizing their corrosive influence.
To avoid repeating in detail how parks can
and do effectively serve this purpose, atten-
tion is called to a few familiar instances of
what life in the out-of-doors under proper
conditions does for the human being. Every

Pate cy ae ee

Pr etawet -.

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

one in Canada has seen for himself the trans-
formation that has been brought about in our ~
troops—the bright eyes, the decisive step,
the healthy glow—after a few weeks of
“setting up” in a military camp. For cen-
turies, tuberculosis was an all-powerful and
ever-victorious enemy of the human race
until a few years ago, when it was discovered
that Nature—life in the open air close to
Naturé—was an effective remedy, and now the
“white plague” is fast disappearing. National ~
parks exist for the purpose of providing for all
the people of Canada facilities for acquiring
that virile and efficient manhood so noticeable
in Canadian military Training Camps.
“During 1914-15 large extensions were made
in the areas of the parks. Attention is called
to the aims and ideals behind parks to em-
phasize the necessity of still further extensions,
extensions to continue until every citizen of
Canada, no matter where he may live, will be
within easy access of a park where he can enjoy

’ by right of citizenship, those facilities for re-

creation im-the open air which are-necessary
for hi§ well-being, and where he will develop
habits which will dominate his life after he has
left the parks.

“For the value cf parks to Canada’s people
consists perhaps fully as much in their in-
fluence in the development of proper habits
of recreation in the out-of-doors as it does in
the effect on the individual of an outing in a
park. It has been well said “Habit ts the
supreme law of human nature. It is our
supreme strength—or our greatest weakness.’
A habit of recreation in the open air, close to
Nature, means so much to an individual
efficiency and welfare that it is vital that it be
encouraged and developed.”

3 TWELFTH ANNUAL CAMP OF THE ALPINE
’ CLUB OF CANADA |

; Third War Camp, to be held in Cataract Valley below Mt. Victoria, in the

: Main Range of the Canadian Rockies.

OBJECTS.—To keep alive the Camp fire Circle
on behalf of our members on Active Military Service
for the Empire. (2) To fulfil our mission as the
official representative of the noble heritage we possess
in the Canadian Rocky Mountains.

CAMP—DATE.—The Camp will be known as
_ the Cataract Valley Camp. It will open on Tuesday,
~ July 17, and close on Tuesday, July 31st. |
“i RAILWAY STATION.—Visitors going to the

Camp will leave the train at Hector Station, situated
- about half way between Lake Louise and Field Sta-
- tions on the Canadian Pacific Railway. :
: _ All arrivals at Hector should be by the earlier day
_ trains, so as to reach the Camp before dark; there is
_ no sleeping accommodation at Hector. The most
comfortable way to do this is to start for Camp from

the Alpine Club House at Banff and go to Hector by
the daily local from Banff to Field. : oe

TRANSPORTATION.—The Canadian Pacific
and other Canadian Railways will give visitors to the
Camp a one-way rate return fare. This rate applies
only in Canada. | 5

The Camp will be three and a half miles from
Hector Station and connected with it by a good pony
ee Two hours allowance for this walk should be
ample. : ;

Packers and pack-ponies will be in attendance to
convey baggage to and from the Camp.

WHO MAY _ ATTEND.—Members are most
earnestly requested to notify the Secretary-Treasurer,
at the earliest possible-moment, of their intention to
attend the Camp. Unless this is done it is very diffi-

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1398

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cult to make the arrangements necessary to avoid
confusion and dela

All members o
is, who have paid their dues for t
privileged to attend the Camp. y

Active and Associate members may each bring
two friends, provided the Secretary-Treasurer is
notified at least one week before the Camp opens.

Duly accredited representatives of literary and
sciéntific bodies, of standard magazines, and profession-
al photographers will be given accommodation at the
same rate as members. J

To be sure of accommodation at the Club House
and the Camp, please make application to the Sec-
og in good -time. :

raduating members, before coming to Camp,
should consult their family physician as_ to their
physical ability. The Camp Committee will assume
no responsibility in this connection.
GGAGE.—AIl baggage for Camp must be
packed in dunnage bags or soft bundles.

Forty pounds of baggage will be allowed each
person. All excess over that amount will be charged
as a separate lot. ; :

No baggage will be received for delivery at the
Camp unless clearly inscribed with the owner's name.
“Alpine Club of Canada” labels can be had from the
Secretary-Treasurer on application; it is advisable to
secure these before starting from your home, as special
attention will be given to Alpine Club baggage.

Facilities will be provided at a Base Camp at
Hector for visitors to change to camp.clothes. Surplus
baggage can be stored at this camp, but no trunks can
be accepted; these should be left at the Alpine Club
House or at one of the hotels. A charge of ‘ten cents
per piece per day will be made for storage.

~ The best plan is to make the Alpine Club House

your headquarters and start for Camp in camp outfit.

HARGES.-—The charge ior accommodation at

the Camp will be two dollars and fifty cents ($2.50)
per day. This does not include transportation®

For transportation of baggase between Hector
Station and the Main Camp, one dollar per !ot each
way will be charged. :

For transportation of baggage between Main and
Subsidiary Camps, fifty cents per lot each way will

e charged. : :

_ OUTFIT.—Members ‘desiring detailed informa-
tion as to a suitable outfit will, on application to the
Secretary-Treasurer, be sent a circular giving such
information.

All ladies climbing must wear knickerbockers with
puttees or gaiters, as skirts and bloomers are a distinct
seurce of danger when climbing.

Members are recommended to come supplied with
snow-glasses and pocket drinking cups.
eA The soles of climbing boots should be well set with

s.

SWISS GUIDES.—Heretofore, the Canadian
Pacific Railway Company has always loaned the Club
two of their professional Swiss Guides evol the period

“the Club in food standing, that
i e current year, are

2D

of the Camp. These men take charge of the danger-
ous climbs and, owing to their professional skill and
knowledge, make the expeditions very attractive.

ANNUAL MEETING.—In accordance with
Clause 14 of the Constitution, the Annual Meeting
of the Club will be held during the Camp, for the
presentation of reports and transaction of business.

CLIMBS AND EXPEDITIONS.—The Main

~ Camp will be pitched at an altitude of 5,700 feet above

sea level, three and a half miles from Hector Station,
in a beautiful park-like spot. It will be on the same
ground as in 1913. Directly around it, within easy
Teach, are Mt. Victoria (11,355 ft.), Cathedral Mt.

_ (10,454 ft.), Narao Peak (9547 ft.) and Popes Peak

(10,360 ft.). Immediately above the Camp, on one
side rises the huge obelisk of the Watch Tower (8,000
ft.) and on the other the spectacular crags of Vanguard
Peak (8,075 ft.); these two last are very attractive
for climbs. |

The rushing torrent of Cataract Brook, divides
the Camp into two parts: the ladies’ quarters -being
on one side and the official quarters, dining canopy,
fire circle and gentlemen’s quarters on the other. All!
lie in open spruce and balsam woods, carpeted with
pink heath and white heather, and are replete with
sunshine and shade.

SUBSIDIARY CAMP.—An upper Camp will
be pitched at an altitude of 6,700 ft. in a beautiful
open meadow, a short distance west of Lake O’Hara,
on the site of the Club’s 1909 Camp. : ‘

From this beautiful spot snow-clad giants rise
on all sides: Mt. Odaray (10,165 it.), Mt. Biddle
(10,876 ft.), Park Mt. (9,671 ft.), Mt. Huber (11,041
it.), Mt. Victoria (11,365 ft.), Mt. Schaffer (8,824 ft.),
and Wiwaxy Peaks (8,863 ft.).

In a hanging valley, directly below Mt. Biddle,
at an altitude of 7359 ft., lies Lake McArthur, a

Se —
~¢ a

ROD AND GUN IN

_ Treasurer, Mr. S. IH. Mitchell at the Camp. +

’ will be given to each passenger.

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CANADA 2° *>'y') aa
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typical glacial lake of exquisite cerulean blue. At its
south end a glacier buries its nose in the waters of the a
lake and sends miniature icebergs floating to and fro
on its placid surface. na

From the upper Camp, Lake O'Hara, most beauti-
ful of all the beautiful lakes of the Canadian Rockies,
is within easy walk. Surrounding it are Mt. katron
(11,220 ft.), Mt. Huber (11,041 ft.), Mt. Ringrose an
Glacier Dome, both over 10,000 ft., and Mt. Yukness
(9,342 ft.). Within this magic circle, also lies Lake
Oesa, high above timber line and clad with ice for
greater part of the year; to the north is the snow-bound |
Abbot Pass (9,588 ft.), leading to the renowned Death
Trap; to the south is the rocky defile of Opabin Pass,
also ice-clad, leading to Prospectors Valley and t
Valley of the Ten Peaks. The Crystal Cave and the -
Eagle’s Eyrie-are in close proximity and easily reached;
The Bridal Veil Falls at the head of Lake-O’Hara and
the “Spectacles” -of Lake O’Hara, seen from Mt.
Schaffer, are of especial interest. ri

All around are charming !akelets of wonderful
shades of blue and green, scattered through the forest
or high up on the rock shelves, showing from the ee
like jewels set in velvet, or bound by rock preci oe
and cliffs of snow Kf)

SPECIAL TWO-DAY EXPEDITION—This
famous expedition crosses Abbot, Mitre, Sentinel or
Wastach, Wenkchemna and Opabin Passes; leads
through the defile of the Death Trap, between Mts.
Victoria and Lefroy; traverses the Victoria, Lefroy,
Mitre, Horseshoe, Wenkchemna and Opabin Glaciers —
and makes a complete circuit around Mts. Lefroy and

Hungahee, embracing twenty miles o the climax of =

superb, spectacular scenery of the southern _

Rockies. A et Bn
A one-night camp will be placed in Paradise V ? ex

wt

from which a visit may be made to the “Giants Stairs,”
where a torrent-from the Horseshoe Glacier cascades
over a rock stairway of LA ae proportions. This. _
expedition may be made a t pay. one by stopping
at the Camp run by two English ladies at Moraine
Lake; stopping there will make possible a visit to Con-
solation Valley, the Tower of Babel, Moraine Lake, Na
Larch Valley, and the.Valley of the Ten Peaks. The —
expedition can be made in reverse order. oe

OTHER EXPEDITIONS.—For other expeditions
may be mentioned (10 The Valley between Mts. Cath-
edral and Odaray, leading over Duchesnay Pass (8739
ft.) and beyond over Dennis Pass (7,408 ft.) to Mt.
Stephen House at Field. (2) Lake Louise Chateau
via Abbot Pass, Victoria Glacier and Lake Louise.
(3) Sherbrooke Lake, a magnificent sheet of water
below Mt. Niles, via trail from Hector. (4) Ross
Lake, a delightful little aby te tarn in a no
amphitheatre of Popes Peak. x

GRADUATING CLIMB.—Any _ glacier-hung *
peak that fills the necessary qualifications will be
accepted as a Graduating Climb. Cathedral Mt.,
Mt. Odaray, Mt. Huber, and Popes Peak are all within
reach of beginners.

RAILWAY RATES.—Each member attending
must have a STANDARD RAILWAY CONVEN- —
TION CERTIFICATE. Get this from the Ticket
Agent when purchasing your ticket. Without it you
cannot get a FREE RETURN TICKET. —_

The certificate must*‘be filled in and signed’ by a
the Director, Mr. A. O. Wheeler, or by the Secretary-

*

On surrender of the ticket thus signed to the rail-
way agent at the destination of your ticket anew one
will be issued free to the original starting point. pa

WEST OF PORT ARTHUR.—Tickets will be ~~
sold at Banff, Lake Louise, Field, Glacier, Revelstoke =~
and Sicamous Junction at lowest one-way first class

fare and a Standard Railway Convention Certificate

EAST OF PORT ARTHUR.—Information has
not yet been received from the Eastern Passenger
Association. Full instructions will be issued to all
Eastern Railway Ticket Agents and information can
be obtained from them. _ i :

One-way first class tickets, with Standard Rail-
way Convention Certificates will be issued from start-
ing point to destination at lowest one-way first class
fare, plus 25 cents. ;

Members wishing to travel by boat or boat and
rail instead eo Se me can ascertain the extra charge
from the:r Ticket Agent. ae - us

Should information not be obtainable, the See- ~
vetary-Treasurer will be happy to give further details. —

HOW TO BECOME A MEMBER OF THE
CLUB.— It is necessary to be proposed by three Active
members, and duly elected. Forms of application for x
membership can be obtained from the Secretary ~

Treasurer. 7 oo Se
; Members must have attained the age of eighteen —
years. 7

ABE £4 Bite: es a
‘Where are four gra
_ Graduating, Associate and S

_ thousan hundred | t
its region; their eligibility for election to be decided
_ by the Executive

>

_ bers are entitled to vote.

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1
dhseribinas ;
ose who have made an ascent of a
ne, glacier hung peak, rising at least two
five hundred feet above the timber line of

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Active:—Th
truly al

ty

: oard. The Board can decide by
a@ unanimous vote that persons who are distinguished
in literature, science or art relating to mountains are
eligible for election in this Class. Only Active mem-

_Graduating:—Those who desire to become
Active members, but are not yet qualified. They may

attend two Annual Camps with the object of quale
quali-

ing, or may qualify elsewhere; the validity o
fications to be decided by the Executive
Associate:

oard. _
Those who are unable to qualify

as Active members, but being in sympathy with the

objects of the Club desire to lend a helping hand
towards carrying them out.

Subscribing:—Those who are unable to take
any active part in the outdoor work of the Club, but
aoe to keep in-touch with it and receive its publica-

10ns. : :

DUES.--Du*s are as follows: Every Active
member shall pay an entrance fee of $750, and every
Gradualing member, $5.00. which fee must accom-
pany the application and inciudes dues for the current
year. Annual dues are: Active members, $5.00;
Graduatin members, $2.50; Assoriate members,
$25.00. Subscribing members, $2.06. :

Annuz! fees are due and payable on the tirst day

_ of January in each year.

BANFF CLUB HOUSE AND CAMP 13i7

The Club-House at Banff will open on Monday,
June 18th.

The Camp in-the Club House Grounds will be
ready for oc¢upation on_the same date, and will be
in operation while the Club House is open. It will

_be available to all members of the Club.

ACCOMMODATION.—The Secretary Treasurer

will now receive application for accommodation. As
_this-is limited, application should be made at the
_ earliest possible date. j

All members will be accorded the privilege of
putting up one or more friends. A letter from any
member to the Secretary-Treasurer will be sufficient
introduction. Ample notice should be given.

QUARTERS.—tThere will be a ‘Ladies’ Quar-
ters” and a “Gentlemen’s Quarters,” as at the Annual
Camp; also what may be termed a “Married Quar-
ters,” where husbands and wives can tent together.
Each tent house will accommodate two and is pro-
vided with two cots, mattresses, toilet arrangements
and chairs. Occupants should bring their own camp
bedding and toilet articles, such as towels, soap, etc.

Trunks cannot be taken to the tent houses.
Special quarters are provided for them.

~ membership: Active, .

Treasurer will be in control at the Banff Club House ©

(Se eed: wierd gees ;
Those who cannot conveniently bri
oe te two pairs of blankets, one ‘“‘co1
and a pillow at the Club House. Guests can
sheets and pillow-slips if desired. , 7.
MEALS.—Meals will be served at regular how
t be had when —
desired; a charge of twenty-five cents (25 cts.) per
service will be made. ee ba WS 3
TRANSPORTATION.—The Club House is ty
miles from the railway station. A special livery
be operated in connection therewith. aie,"
The Alpine Club Livery will meet all pai
give suffi

in the dining room. Afternoon tea can

arriving by day trains, provided the
notice of the train by which they will arrive at Banff
to the Secretary-Treasurer, whose headquarters f 7
the summer months will be at the Club House. Parties —
eraving by the night trains must go to one of the ~
otels. zh
CHARGES.—The rates for members and mem- —
bers’ guests will be two dollars and fifty cents per

day. £5
_ Every person driven to or from the railway sta-
tion and the Club House will be charged 50 cents each ©

y ; :
‘The charge for baggage of persons driving ‘to or
from the Club House will be 25 cents per piece. For
those not driving a minimum charge of 50 cents will —
be made. One piece only of hand baggage allowed free. —
RULES AND REGULATIONS.—AII Club House ~
regulations must be strictly observed. The Secretary-

and will have full authority to enforce all rules. er <s
: 1 rules and regulations will be posted con-—
spicuously. : Wes
GENERAL INFORMATION.—tThe Club Lib-~
rary is at the Club House. There also will be found
a number of good maps and beautiful photographs of
the Canadian Rockies. «ad
The fullest information is there obtainable and =
1 members should rendezvous at the Club House to
complete plans for expeditions to the interior of the
Main and Selkirk’ ranges; also to get into training for ~
the more severe work of climbing the higher peaks.
A fine Assembly room, thirty feet square, a com-—
fortable dining room, library and writing room, a
cheery log fire and a good piano will make the even-
ings pass pleasantly for those socially inclined.
AMPING PARTIES.—Arrangements have been
made to outfit small camping parties from the Club
House for expeditions in the vicinity. There are many / 4
beauty spots not far from Banff where delightful out-
ings can be had and excellent climbs made; such as
Mt. Edith, Mt. Louis, Cascade Mt., Mt. Norquay,
Mt. quer, Mt. Bourgeau, the Massive Range, ete. |
Address all correspondence relating to the camp

or the Club House, to
S. H. MITCHELL,
Secretary-Treasurer, ;
The Club House, Be .
Banff, Albertal 3s

:

REDWINGS

Where shadov's and the showers softly play,

Where mists are rising o’er the hills of day,

The “Redwings,” flitting messengers. of
Spring,

Foljow familiar (toutes on brilliant wing.

Across the Marsh a spirit answers ours,
And through it steals the breath of life and
flowers;
A song of freedom and the hope it brings
The happy lilt moves swift on crimson
/ wings.

Beside the waste of sand and melting snow Si:
Tall rushes, brown and gray, move to and fro.
“The wind is south’’;—This song the Red-
wings sing,—
“What perils need we fear, sweet mate?”
°Tis Spring!”
—Charlotte Carson Talcott.

| bil

TOURNAMENT DATES

Canadian Indians Incorporated Annual Tournament
and Pow-Wow, Niagara-on-the-Lake, Practice Day,
June 30th, regular tournament events, July 2nd, 3rd
and 4th, 1917. This will be a registered Tournament as
usual with the Interstate Association,

June 16. Hamilton Gun Club Registered Shoot.

Gun Club secretaries who would like to see
the records of shoots which they hold from time
to time in Rod and Gun are invited to send

these in as soon after the shoots take place as:

possible. If enclosed in an unsealed envelope ad-
dressed to the Trap Editor, Rod and Gun, Wood-
stock, Ont., and marked (‘{‘Printer’s Copy’’,
written reports or newspaper clippings giving
the scores of shoots held may be forwarded for
one cent postage. Please be sure to mark on
the copy the date when the shoot was held.
Tournament dates should be sent in at the
earliest possible moment to ensure insertion.

Hamilton Gun Club.

On June 16th an afternoon shoot will be held and all
funds will be devoted to Patriotic purposes. The
clays will be donated by the Hamilton Gun Club and
Nelson Long. There will be a good prize list and the
shoot will be registered by the Interstate Association.

A series of club shoots started on Saturday April
21st for prizes donated by the President and Vice-
President. There will be four events of 25 birds each
and members will be handicapped at these shoots.

Hamilton Tournament.

The first day of the Hamilton Gun club two-day
tournament, April 6 and 7, was a decided success.
There were fifty-three entries,including some of the
best trap shots from Buffalo and other -points across.
the border. : ; :

S. G. Vance of Tilsonburg, was high amateur, with
191 out of 200. Frank Wright of Buffalo, and Row-
land Day of London, tied for second with 188 out of
200. C.Summerhayes, of Brantford, came third, with
187. These scores were remarkable when the bad
weather conditions are considered.

_E. G. Whyte, of Ottawa, was high for the profes-
sionals, with 181 out of 220. Nelson Long of Hamilton,
was second with 178. G. Wheeler of Hartford, Conn.,
third, with 162. :

In the special event of twenty-five birds, Bert
Smyth, Hamilton; W. S. Edwards, Toronto; N.
Gooderham, Toronto, and R. Jordan, Lendon, were
tied, with possible of 25 straight. The next nine con-
testants were tied, with 24, and there were quite a few
23s, showing there was some strong competition.

The merchandise event was won by H. Lennox,
Hamilton, with 10 straight. W. Marshall, Galt, and
J. Summerhayes, of Weston, were tied for second
and third honors, with 7.

The scores in the two hundred bird event were as

follows:
W. P. Thompson............ 168 F.W. Watson............
E. Sturt
C. Thomson
A. Bates
E. Harris
F. S. Wright
J. Payne
xG. Wheeler
C. N. Candee
J. Vance
C. Summerhayes............ 187 J. A. McRobb............
J. Summerhayes............ NO Dawes te
2). Doherty....-22..-.000.00-.. GAL Viviahoetsoe
Graham: isc. 5s... W. H. Cooey.....
W. 35. Edwards...... P. McMartin............-
We Viarshall-:.020.2:0... XIN Long seesc eee
CONS W)-Dillon:..-ss
Reet hi. koh aoc JE Chine. 2 ee
D. A. Konkle......... H. R. Winter.....
_ W. R. Fenton xE}J. Whyte.:...........
er Salasbury...........0c.c00c0 N. Gooderham........ ..
M.: Sprague.................... Db: Day aes
W. J. McLaravy.. ‘ J. McCausland..........

* Bert Smith, both of Hamilton, each ha

The following shot at 100 birds:
E. Corb ... 76°) Ry dhupter cep
M. Rasberry.....-...-..

The scores of twenty-five bird special event were:
. Smyth 25° N.G

e2)

OP OYM Serr EINES
ae ae

The Hamilton Gun Club finals Saturday resulted in
some fine scores. Joe Jennings, Toronto, was
amateur with 187, while F. Wright, Buffalo, was —
second with 186. A. Bates, Hamilton, third, with 184. _
Sm gs W. Thompson, Hamilton, tied for fourth 7
wit - ~ pata

E. G. White, Ottawa, and G. W. Wheeler, ts pee a
Conn., were high professionals with 187 each, and —
Gea Dunk, Toronto, was third with 160. F. Wright, —
Buffalo, won the gad medal for the grand aggregate
with 374 out of 400, and S. Vance, Tillsonburg, was
second with 373. G. Summerhayes, Brantford, was
third with 369. ao

The Royal Connaught purse was won by M. E. ~
Fletcher, Hamilton, with 98, and George Beattie and —
d 94. H. Len-
nox, Hamilton, had a perfect score in the 25-bird —
special event, and seven tied for second place with
scores of 24 each. 4

W. H. Gooderham, Toronto, won the merchandise ~
event with ten straight. F. J. Fox, Toronto, and E. —
Harris, Hamilton, tied for second with nine each,
M. E. Fletcher, in the Indian all comers’ had 58 out of =
60 on the Hamilton team. T. D. McGaw got the prize
on the Indian team with a score of 57, and Joe Jennings -
won the long-run prize with 44 straight. The flag
held by the Hamilton team was lost to the Indian ten-
man team after a close contest in the 25-bird event,
the Indians scoring 229 out of 250, while Hamilten
put on 221.

The scores of the regular 200-bird event were:

%

W. P. Thompson............ 183. F. W. Watson...........

E. Sturt 164 H.

C. Thompson M.

AA Bates..n.5... W.

E. Harris Je

F. Wright SS:

J. Payne =f

“ Pe

R. O. Ford.....
E.
E. Salisbury......
M. Sprague...

. Hummerhayes.
. R. Winter...
. Marshal

. Graham.
. L. Viviai

2q0

ca Jalere)

The following shot at 100 birds:
e 81 W.E. Burk
94» F. Fletcher.
64 F. Johnson.
80 E.J.Mabon..

*— Professionals.

Assorted Case
| Native Wines

4 bottles Port, Red Label
3 bottles Claret St. Julie
3 bottles White Golden Club
2 bottles Catawba Sweet

Other assorted cases of 12
bottles to be figured at price
per bottle.

PRICE LIST

5 Gal. -1 Doz.
Keg Rep. Qts.

Port, White Label $7.00 $4.00

Port, Blue Label... 8.50 5.00
Port, Red Label... 11.00 6.00
Claret, St. Renie.. 7.00 4.00
White Golden Club 6.00
Full Price List sent on request.

$1.00 refund on Kegs. All
goods f.o.b. Toronto. Remit-
tances must accompany order.

St. Davie’ s Wine Growers Co.
78 Atlantic Ave., Toronto

| Toupees for Men

| Who Wish to Renew Their Youth
| and Protect Their Health.

| Toupees made by W. T. Pember are the
_ closest imitation of nature that can be
| produced. Light in weight and give
| perfect satisfaction at reasonable prices.

W. T. PEMBER

129 Yonge Street, Toronto

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

$5.5 [FISHING NETS

oan ae i "
ee wasabi ihitisions
GILL NETS

HOOP NETS

DIP NETS
TRAMMEL NETS

SEINES or DRAG NETS

POUND NETS
STURGEON NETS
Floats, Side Lines,. Seaming Twine, Leads

and other fis hing necessities.

GILL NETS mounted with floats and sinkers
ready for the water—20c per yard. Give
size of mesh desired, stretched measure.

NO. 44 JUSTRITE HEADLIGHT gives a penetrat-
ing light and will not blow out. Jt burns ten hours
on one charge of carbide. It has a lens for diffused
light for camp purposes and a special long distance
lens for hunting. Weight 214 lbs._ Price complete
with cap delivered to you $4.50, In ordering give

size of cap desired.
mouse to a grizzley bear

T R A PS readyto ship at amoments’

We sell the traps and buy the furs.

For all animals from a

notice.

SHOTGUNS AND RIFLES in all the popu-
lar makes and all kinds of sportsmen’s supplies
at remarkably close prices.

Descriptions and prices of Traps, Guns, Sights, Hunting
Knives, Hunting Axes, Camp Stoves, Tents, Flash-
lights, Picycles, Compasses, Fishing Tackle and other
sportsmen’s supple shown in our 1916-17 edition of
HALLAM’S TRAPPERS’*& SPORTSMEN’S SUP-
PLY CATALOGUE. MAILED FREE.

John flallam

No. 928 Hallam
Building
TORONTO

Long was one ahead.

wi ess So Rk R c in .,

1 ar. Pk Sg
ik

“ Toy

The aes of the specs event of 25 birds were:

W. Marshall.................... . Summerhayes.....z 24
Be aVIGDON.......eens>.-<009 19 W.H. Gooderham.. 23
K. Kretchman 14 N. Gooderham... ...... 22
M. Fletcher.................... 20. 556, RR aawe eh ce cco 23
ES eee B. Brewis... 58:.e 14
W. E. Burke i ae Seas BS 20
rere. PS | Rae ee nee. Rh, Hite eS 23
OS eee amd J Etviniter cee: 19
EL ee Me, Bh 23
W. Thompson = 4 C. Thompson.. ge
Dr. Serson..... H. Lennox.. 25
nsstveaccedegen gine des 24

C. Thompson.................. 23 wy. Dillon Rall eee 23
MONEE GER, > sch saxseeaceectest 20- M. Goodall........24...... 21
W. Marshall.................... 2a). Hennes tava 20
Mi Wietcher..2 4.5.2... 4 WE SAGs Ely wt ee ae 23
BenET QUEIS..,.-.. tbevcvaccioncuase 23;* G. Beatties.<.facc.u, 24
221

ai

Bee. VW ANCRL. ccucodeccescnces T. D. McGaw............ 21
oo 1 ee ee eS oy G: Gordan se! 52355. 22
Mi. Sprague.....ccc.....0-0:-. 25 N.Gooderham.......... 24
PME WIDTIN <r 20 W.P. Thompson ...... 22
RUMEN GS.”. oscsnccsscocsonacee 24 W.H.Gooderham... 22
229

The finish of the trophy handicap brought out_the
best turnout of the season at the Hamilton Gun Club
on Saturday, March 3lst. The results showed that
Sepahooting is just as uncertain as any other sport

that it 1s impossible to dope it out ahead of time.

At the last shoot M. Fletcher jumped to the front with~

a four-point lead over A. Bates, and it certainly looked
as if he was going to romp home the winner, although
E. H. Sturt, who had missed one shoot, could, by shoot-
ing up, give him a run for it. Fletcher went out and
got a bad run of fliers, turning in 19, which made his
total 130. Bates was in the next squad and he furnish-
ed the surface by putting on a perfect score of 25,
which made him the winner with the fine total of 132.
It was his only chance to win by making the clean
score, and it was some demonstration of his skill at the
traps. Fletcher got the second prize, and, with the
winner, can always be depended on to put on good
scores. Myles Goodale was the dark horse for the
third prize and virtually hobbled in. He met with an
accident to his foot early in the week, but neverthe-
less he came down on crutches and put on the second
en score for the afternoon of 24, making his total 129.
W. Barnes was runner-up with 127, while E. Sturt
eS. next with 124.It was rather a coincidence that
Barnes was runner-up last year, when Barnes and
Fletcher finished in second and third places respectively.
H. Lennox gave Nelson Long a good run for the
challenge medal, but was unable to win out. The
tied with 21 on the first event, but on the shoot-o

A. Parmenter had the high total of 47 out of 50 for
the afternoon and is breaking the clays with great
regularity. A. Bates had 70 out of 75 and also won the
silver spoon in the K. & B. event for the — afternoon
score. John Hunter had 69 out of 75, W. P. Thomson
91 out of 100, Myles Goodale 68 out of 75, and J.
Gomph 90 out of 100, all of which scores were above
the average. Saturday’ s results ree

ae

oe

ROD AND GUN IN CA

John Hunter 75 69
NS 150 125
75 65
100 87
75 68
75 48
75 ~43
75 60
75 68
100 90
175 149
75 63
75 70
75
150 129
100 78
50 47
125 99
125 88
75 61
50 37
50 34
100 80
100 88
75 52
50 33
50 40
25 15

ps 2 36

sor

Zz

G. Thomison:25... RS wih Fe
WP: TRORIBON, sonics aestesocsceaney ee

Handicap Shoot at Hamilton Gun Club, — kid
The fifth event of the handicap was run ett
Hamilton Gun Club on Saturday PBN ° ‘Mar, eit.
It was a wonder that the scores were as good me fee
were, as the gale of wind made it hard for the con-
testants to remain standing at times, and the oe;
‘birds developed all kinds of curves in their
M. E. Fletcher captured the lead by putting on 21 <j
o yards, which made his total 111, while A. Bates, _ i
who was tied with him on the last event, dropped into eal
second place with a total of 107. as the wind played —
havoc with his score, only getting 17 trom 19 yn
E. Harris is now in third place with 106 and put on-
from 20 yards, which won for him the silver spoon
high afternoon score. Myles Goodale is next with 1
A A aed got the
out of 2 *s
Aes Soe Long kept the club medal, which he won at

second spoon with 22 be

the last shoot with 24 out of 25, = "the challenger, E.
Harris, was low with 20. Long had the total of
the afternoon also, with 108 out Fat 125, and Harris was _

next with 85 out of 100.
The scores were:

Total - (et ;
shot at Broke. —
100° 16s

J. ianter 3. S ee ae ae 00 ,
E. Harris........ 100 ea
R. Metcalf... a ia 48
W. Bradshaw. fod 75
M Govdale.a.25 acne 100
N Gone, 2 cieke ne ean 125
W... Dillowt. 2.255042 eee 100
A. Parmenter 75
ates eos pase a
etcher
SS. Gonpicte Sos eee 90
D. Konkle: 2... 255.5532 50
HJ: Leirscthi nS eee 75
W.H. Didmarsh== 2 ee 75

St. Hubert’s Gun Club.
A good turnout of St. Hubert gunners faced the traps _
Saturday afternoon, March 17. The shooting was —
somewhat different than usual, zigzag targets instead —
of the regular clay pigeons were thrown and i
made good scores out o the question. The club spoon
went to “‘Shan” Sherwood, who has been shooting ~
very well considering his short experience at the traps. ~
Hits score Saturday totalled~44 out of 50, with
handicap. He got away to a bad start but finished _
up strong with 19 out of 25. Beginners and green
shots came into’ their own also, some three or —
four making over 50 per cent. . Chief among these was —
8 es Sates who shows evidence of being numbered —
in the eae res list with a few more trials. J. Collins ¢
O. T. Rin W. Fairchild and a few others, with a
little aaa practice have hopes of getting in the class -
‘A” division. N. Sanford tried his hand, and
he would come again. e
R. Cockburn, of Lachine Gun Club, Montreal, p
a visit, and celebrated by eats the field with 38 x 50. |
In an extra event at ten birds he broke 9, the wind blo
inga gale at the time. N. Brownlee was a close second
with 37. Geo. Bryson, jr., also had a good score of
Four events for the club spoon peta as follows:
CLUB SPOON Fig

Event

10
R-GCoburn.4.c eee 8
N. Brownlee..........:......:000-+. 5
J. M. Roberts...... 4
Geo. Bryson, jr... 7 9 6
S: She cet 6 9 8
5 8 8
8 13 6
7 8 7

8 10 8.

4 11 Y gee
aye: | 10 4
i ee | sf 4
Ji Philins a 6

Three teams entered on the Easdale dessert spi :
Geo. White and Sherwood, who led on the prev
two Saturdays, again had the high score, 81 x 100.
interest in this event is centred in the next two
days, when the vena be fought to a finish. _

herwood had two counters.in the case of /
Bryson is just one bird short of two, and Brownlee |
one notch. aS
Stanley Gun Club. :

Fifty-one shooters faced the traps at the
Gun Club on Saturday afternoon, Mar. 17 in
for the Inter-Club Cup with the Balmy Beach
The Stanleys were the winners, breaking

THIS COOK WAS PLEASANTLY
SURPRISED

_ A good old English cook whom we know, who had always used coal, wood or gas
in her range, was introduced to the NEW PERFECTION OIL COOKSTOV}
when the family moved to the country last summer, where the other fuels were ‘not
convenient. She cooked her first meal with serious doubts.

*
:

It proved the best meal she had served. Already she was half convinced, Before
the summer was over, she preferred the New Perfection, and now has it installed in.
the city house. Shé did not have the headaches which came from gas, nor the
clutter that came from wood and coal. She did have a perfect cooking device
which served every purpose. a

NEW. PERF ECTION OIL COOKSTOVES are all-season cookstoves. They are
especially welcome in summer, for they keep the kitchen cool by means of the
- patented ‘‘Long Blue Chimney.” Every trace of the oil is turned into intense heat,
leaving no odor. They are on sale in every town, and -are marketed and guafan-
teed by a responsible Company. :

With Royalite Coal Off cooking costs only
Ss — 5 to 10 cents per meal.

THE. IMPERIAL OIL COMPANY
; Limited

BRANCHES IN ALL CITIES

| ‘NEW PERFECTION

OV, COOK STOVE

349, the pe
bg tg on oh si R

pate sh
br be: inna bone =f

r. Lundy was high man for the day, breaking 40

out tat 50. he scores:

“’BALMY BEACH GUN CLUB.

T.D. McGaw..............0 EE ae
(oh) AS a ropes
ee PMEPESMTICIOG, SI--.35..cioncreocvenssscsoncencnenvesoseuse
—— Be. cc bea Xn coavetecoh selon caer aiunieereaig

hy ST ee ee PO ae i ee

STANLEY GUN CLUB.
Shot ey

BME, COCETIOIN ons cccgsecnuscapdacneccaaceqasnres
BS CXCIGU ST DB. oo ci csc cc. ce yvicencehapeseen echo

Sy

hot at
5

Broke
2

N. Gooderham was high man for the day at the

March 3ist, breaking 194 out of 200, including a

. Stanley Gun Club’s shoot on Saturday afternoon,

straight of 85 targets. W. Stevens was a close seoenae
_ preaking 191 out of 200. No less than fourteen
ee straights out of twenty targets were made by the shoot-

- __ ers during the afternoon. The scores:

ey. Shot at
200

targets.

Port Stanley Gun Club.
Port Stanley Gun Club held a shoot for prizes under
silent handicap. Following are the results at first 50

The C Re ai Pte tl gee Club Staneg:
e Coon Roa un Club near
shoot at targejs on March 16th. This club rie
been organized and is managed by three Ce name-
is James Walker, Neil Campbell and Robt. Newnan

They are getting the game down fine and are a fine lotof
fellows. FoHowing are the results:

FIRST EVENT AT 25

H. Henderson................ 6
F. Fergsuon................00+5 13
Cz Grom welll ivic.cpesenassecs 17 ma
N. Campbell................-- 22 +
MOTOS ois accupescesdesee 13 :
ob MRED tests eagasvaioatcon 1
Jo WAST ON aortas ans 1 sf
Gag BOWo.sscccccctultnt 2
SECOND EVENT AT 25 TARGETS
20° Me Neil..<ai-caeeeee
20 Ferguson...... 19 im
21 Glasgow........ sovee >
24 Cromwell 18.5 { i
THIRD EVENT AT 25 ete
1 QS8G0 Wiens ciicvcisascecrcell 21 5
12 Walker............. 15 al
24 Henderson 20 on
13° --Gilmore:..i5.a..ncnsage 13: es
ee
Stanleys Win Cup. = Tad

The return shoot between the Stanley andthe Balmy
Beach Gun Club took nie Saturday afternoon, May
24th, on the Beach grounds, the Stanley club = aCe.
by eight birds. Fox and Ten Eyck were high with 4 Bet.
out of 50. This gives the Stanleys the cup by 27. —

Scores: .
BALMY BEACH. ae <9
= Shot at. Broke.
FF BOR, £0.05 52 ae ee eee 50 47>. > 28
CN 2 Cawdee; Src ie 50 46
W. F. Hambly > 440 3.o nee eee 50 45
A. A: Laivdis x, ct etyoiin eeeee 50 43
TOF. Hodgson ck. cart ee 50 a2 =
RO: Fords 22 2a See ee 50 42
P. J Boothes a. .5 to eee 5G? S55 ene
C.UN= Gawdee, Ira ee 50. 40
GC. Be DaVIS 22h cdsctcte ta etd ano 50 39
EF: GGrenpion Ack ne ke ee 50 38)
ae Rae nt ee A Mn AA 3 423

STANLEYS
Shot at Broke. |

Dr:fen Byck occa, oop c
W. H. Joselin 50 46
ME IMROrdisOnh cc. sacs connate booker : 46
G.H 44
J. Jennings 43
T. Sawden 42
G. Mason 42
T. Socket Al
W. Steven 40
we 40 —

431

Galt Gun Club Visits Brantford.
In the first of the home and home shoots Galt gun-
hers are winners.

The Galt Gun Club for the first of the home and
home shoots journeyed to Brantford on Saturday, ©
March 24th and defeated 10 men of the Telephone ~
City by nine shots. The weather conditions were _—
ideal for the contest and the boys all reported a good © “Se
time. The feature of the contest was the shooting of
Wm. ea of the aes team who — a score

H.
“sae Sees E. cae and W. Marshall had 47
breaks which is very good shooting. The iolownae
are the scores:

GALT GUN CLUB.
igs at.

lectins

ee sae a ee
, f
, Fi

CLARK’S CANNED MEATS

4

ok, os ee * ee a 7 a ee be wo ae Ge eee

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

Don't forget when assembling your camp outfit that CLARK'S
can give you VARIETY and QUALITY and make the culinary
a real pleasure.

N
Ny

SOUPS in all varieties.
Beefsteak and Onions, Irish Stew, English Brawn,
and Cheese, etc.

Corned, Roast and Boiled Beef, Ox Tongue,
Shced Smoked Beef, Potted Meats, etc., etc.
Plum Pudding, Mince Meat, etc.

INSIST ON CLARK’S IT WILE PAY YOU.

Ja The! a.)

of Ontario

The most glorious spot on the American
continent for your vacation. Cast aside the
cares of business and roam in Nature’s
garden. ‘Thousands of square miles of woods
lakes and streams, all undefiled by the re-
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muskie, the bass and the trout! Where
swimming, boating, camping are everything

‘they should be to give you THAT PER-
FECT VACATI ION. Breathe in health and

vigor in the pure air of the pine and spruce
grown hills, 2,000 teet above~sea level.

Reached easily on through trains via
the Grand Trunk System. For full de-
tails see or write.:

C. E. Horning, Union*’Sta., Toronto, or
J. Quinlan, Bonaventure Sta., Montreal.

Cambridge Sausage, Spaghetti with Tomato Sauce |

Mage ST eT os a tals ie aN

a Oi Sa ee ad

:
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tons Bet
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m Shegs BRANTFORD GUN CLUB.
or tS vee erhayes 50

-

ereUNeUEsey

-_
af ee

BSSSnaes

+

432

risk

Mimico Gun Club.
The Mimico Beach Gun Club held its regular weekly 2 a we tye
shoot on Saturday afternoon, Mar. 17, at their grounds ith... 12 \
on the Lake Shore Road. Some very good scores were : 45 oT ‘aes

made. ‘The following were the scores: a .
Shot at. Broke. The Mimico Beach Gun Club held its re w
146 126

shoot on Saturday afternoon, April 14th at their grounds ~
on the Lake Shore Road. ‘The scores: re
Shots As

J. Kay...
Hutchinson..

_ The Mimico Club smashed all records on Saturday
afternoon, March 31st, in the Toronto interurban _ Creekside Gun Club. | .
é ue match against the Nationals on the former’s The Creekside Gun Club annexed their fifth con-
grounds by piling up a team total of 233, and at that secutive victory at the expense of the Mimico Club ©
only defeating their opponents by the narrow margin 00 Saturday afternoon, Mar. 24th, on the North-end
of four birds. - “ : : grounds, by the score of 212 to 200. The representa-
The result of the match was in doubt until Roberts _ tives of each club in the league event were: = ina
and Rennie put over big scores at the fag end of the Creeksides—Jennings 24, Cooey 23, W. Edwards 23,
match. Ruck was high in the league match, with 25‘ F. Curzon 22, E. S. Brown 21, Ed. Brown 21, Davidson
straight, followed closely by Murphy, Waterworth, 20, Christie 20, Dr. Canning 19, W. Curzon 19, total =
- Joselin, and Roberts. The club representatives, with 212... . : ARs
‘their scores, were: A Mimico—Jermyn 21, Harrison 21, Fenton 21,
> Mimico” - Nationals. Devins 21, Draw 20, Hutchison 20, Hughes 10, Leed-
ham, jr., 19, Smith 19, Dr. Serson 19, total 200. The
scores: Ee?

=

BEBRORES

2 bt
So

ete

-o - . < ¥ od . ers as ~~

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA oa

a i; = : wae
; FREE ILLUSTRATED BOOKLET ON | [ z
~ SPECIAL ENGINE BARGAINS :
ape ~ aaa are nce EA Price igre Buy Your Cigars

ngle cylinder, 2 cycle, 2\4h.p. - -

Single cylinder, 2 cycle, 4 h.p Sen | direct from the makers

Twin cylinder, 2cycle,6 h.p.

Twin cylinder, 2cycle,8 h.p. - - $165 ff |
Two cylinder, 2 cycle, 12 h.p. Sr us $210 MANY ADVANTAGES IN ORDERING
Four cylinder, 4 cycle, 14-20h.p. - - $380 FROM THE FACTORY:

with Unit Power Plant complete - - $290 Get next to real cigar satisfaction by getting your
ALL THESE MOTORS SOLD f.0.b. TORONTO cigars direct from the factory. Ordering direct

means that you get the cleanly-made fresh Havana

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This Ideal those volatile oils which distinguishes Havana
= yet tobacco in arclass by itself.

otor, Bat-
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only $78. Quality Cigars
Magneto Only
Type $90. We do not make cheap cigars,
but we can sell you High
— Grade Havana cigars for no
a more money than what you
Ol Engine would pay for inferior goods
taken in elsewhere. When you DEAL
Trad WITH HEADQUARTERS
rade. you_ save the middlemen’s
profits. Every leaf used in
laa ee our factory is of the highest
= ae grade of imported tobacco;
5 % discount every cigar, made of long,
with all clean Cuban grown, Havana
cash orders Behe oss by hand by expert
cigarmakers.
this month. x3
Canadian Boat and Engine Exchange § Guaranteed
295-A Queen St. West, Toronto, Ontario || Satisfaction

Every box of cigars that
leaves our factory carries a
guarantee with it of ‘‘Abso-
lute Satisfaction” or money
refunded.

Rosin’s
Cuban

The cigar illustrated here is
our Cuban size. We guar-
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of the finest Havana to-
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any three for a Quarter cigar
on the market. If in your
opinion it is not at least equal
to any cigar you ever smoked

Don’t Forget Us

When Going On That Outing Trip

e t hat ice, th
OUR STOCK’ OF CAMPING halance tor nae came
pee eT tS MoS Ln. Gost orl noe aera Caen
PLETE AND _ UP-TO-DATE. ; 4
CONDITIONS CONSIDERED.
OUR FREE TRIAL
Tents, Awnings, Flags, Sails, Canoes, OFFER
Blankets, Dunnage Bags, Camp Furni- Sirite pe pac rene ppots
ture, Clothing, Fishing Tackle, Guns, your position, or give 3
Shells, Etc., at Right Prices for the upon redueat. Torweel 4a) 5500 oe
Best Quality. Guns Repaired. you fifty Rosin’s Cub-

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and if you are not entirely pleased with them

TRAP SHOOTERS’ REQUIREMENTS ee the oe eae at our expense vie

ten days and you w not owe us anything.

A SPECIALTY WITH US. If you are pleased and retain them, you agree
EVERYTHING IN CANVAS to remit the price $2.50 within the time.

TED PIKE CO. ROSIN BROS. —
‘ 31 Sandwich St. Windsor, Ont.
e LIMITED ;
When ordering please state whether you pre-
123 KING ST. E:, TORONTO. | fer light, dark or medium cigars.

Bes

mea ‘by ,
1408
a era yee’ Reatticcc tans sekubases <*> d D Atrabeus tds
. C. Harrison... .

De aitdda ae nce tec. cnceseoueiaitgh BO 30. JeDunbar..2 nen
W. Fenton 25 21 a FAMOLLOMA;. .ietvicyssrsetuevanhcvine
TAO WR iileas caine wsecosgecss scnedvoneonnesenevays cu eas 30 i. era igera blew Guatet a Aitian
De CCUDEM, FF.....0-...0.s.cecscecsssecoopeensnonscovane 24 -C YR TE Ne A FS ae

MII soc si Vacsus cbovacsnevensdyughiesvagettosh tnpas 35 :
ETL OO UG y 2 ive nice <cc teat argiin sensi es «ph OUNRad oom 19
MITER OLCOH ietsseiytsyarnsvve cy ath ors Ly) ae 15
Rev. Father Doherty 28
¥ UMMC NITINE TE. + ccsccscCosonncseah/ccchsvanot Rlbvetiupachtapes 19
, MNRAS Oocy vis. oxiicstevesa csv sayananeevks cores lges eae 40
OTTERS ELS Se ef of oot ae 20

BEAT De DIC VINS. 5.00. :0stssssssazeescnbyeseznsunsencnonossostncs 21
SEES OTEST. Ss cdcs ov nace ochcacuaeteaccuataveasviv ah voaiaueees 15
SPIRE TILY nn <...ccoarepsnstoosssgoatefhedenentsscencecense 49
C. B. Harrison 44
INE 002. sshnodenset RBC Re cel geen hack Ianccee’ 18
PU MMMMAESTTID SOM. ..c\; sonst sa20y soarp cae vunevynsceavnvecrs ut 13

BENE IMAC IK CCDNIC..........000ccande cusvnctctecevesces¥iaeee! 12

NITES IDO. ls «onan tactag ess son tas ve abie meerasneges es 43

Creekside Gun Club Elects its Officers.

The regular weekly shoot of the Creekside Gun Club
was held on Saturday afternoon, April 7th, avery good
turnout of members and friends being on hand. The
scores were not as good as usual on account of the
tricky winds. H. Cooey was high man for the. day,
breaking 78 out of 87. In the Merchandise shoot H.
Cooey, H. Briggs and F. Curzon were the winners.*
The following officers were elected for the season of
1917-18: Honorary President, H. Cooey; President,
E. S. Brown; Vice-President, N. Elliott; Secretary, N.

_ Maguire; Treasurer, A. Spiller; Field Captain, E. at hate
Brown. The scores for the day were: . : i Fis See
= Shot at. Broke The Creekside Gun Club held a very successful shoot
TAPES VCTLOM «1c ncoscwtessTopcecsccceckeSesesesevsccosennee 106 76 on Saturday afternoon, March 31st. The feature of —
: OMI reed 5 fetta ccee Sra segs oven woendaev bees 87 78 the day was the excellent score made by W. Edwar ce oe

2 SEES eRe Re A aoe eerie 70 Az, with a straight run of 69 birds. In the prizeeventW.
BAUR REA a Ay conse s scene caastuwdl saves 76 39 Edwards and H. Cooey were the winners. Thescorss:
MMMM SLINNT NERS? (ge, OS oR ceca sae. oadegectosecaess 79 44 Shot at. Broke.

UME EIT SAAN Ce researc 2 6. cassis aos cee nn cdsteckonnenses 55 BS >= TRS GoGey.... 52 22..c-tcsseeereccnt eee 104 bf eee

___-B. Christie

MEARE DIAS Y OUDQLE...; |. scc.c.0.0..cdicccsstoecosecdeccecess 30 17
(LETT oLEE ig aS ee PP 35 21

EIST LNCTS on hoc oo 2 ages cnstee ius sscuangsice 25 1p
ESC WIN fo 2805. 5 ose) cca ce ceece cyuevdsgueeb Saapepigeeane 20 1
We The Creekside Gun Club won the championship

on April 14th of the Toronto Interurban Trapsheoters
Pam > #3: ue by defeating the Nationa!s on the North-end FPR Via
= aa Bends by the score of 215 to 203, the dark background ¥

_ Keeping down the scores considerably. The Interstate Association’s Twelfth Annual South- —
beth, ey ta 4 _., «ern Handicap Trapshooting Tournament will be held at |
___ The Creeksides Beery is a popular one, considering Roanoke, Va., May 8, 9 and 10, 1917 under the auspices _

_ the fact that the club had only an even dozen members _ of the Roanake Gun Club. K
___at Christmas, and to the untiring efforts of President =
_ Ernie Browne the club owes its present success. National Gun Club.

’ The club representatives in the league event were: _ Ideal weather conditions prevailed at the Natio:

eee Creeksides—Christie 24, E. S. Browne 23, W. scores were made, J. Murphy showing the way.
- Edwards 22, J. Harrison 22, H. Brown 21, Cooey 21, scores: said e ae

Jennings 21, W. Curzon»21, Colborne 20, A. Edwards ’ _ Shot at
[ROTA total 215. 4 SENOLD NY: si coseceresevtuesuh eoseteaeees iassonea ee

B. J. Pierce 65

Nationals—Ussher 22, Lawson 21, Vivian 21, Ben- Col. Curran 65
ordan 20, Stauffer 20, Coath . Wallace 55
03. The scores: W. Dunbar 45
Shot at. "Broken> A. Dunbansens cee iat dios cass oocaascepestte 50
85 57 Anderson’. Sessa sa cien tse 45 zx
75 61 C. B. Harrison ~ 45°F eee
75 . 58 Bennetts... e-cecsccccosee 35 oS ihe
70 52 G.Jentings nas A abu dhs Saaubaeeuetoeapecs BL ee PA
70 46 J. Turner, jr 50 S45
ae as 3 i Goat maceacs = ant denencnadencatca,uskeeen actev wi) eh 42— Sy
as CJ SSTNON. cox soso oun ep eae nance tevcune een 50 32 ae
60 47 : ee BS
60 46 Good Scores Made at Balmy Reach Club.
60 ae The regular weekly shoot of the Balmy Beach Gun _
65 56 Club was held as usual on their grounds, Eastern —
60 51 Avenue, Saturday, March 31st. The day was ideal fi
60 38 this outdoor sport and some good scores were madi
60 41 Candee, jr., and Boothe had 25-straight. It was the —
60 45 last Saturday on the McGaw Cup, and it was won b
60 49 R.O. Ford. In the spoon event R. C. Harris and A.
60 54 Laird tied with 25 each, R. C. Harris winning o

Trap Continued on Page 1418 Raa

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All Variety.

HE 14th Annual Show of the Toronto

Kennel Club opened at the Arena at

nocn of April 12th and continued until
the evening of the 14th. This show is figured
on as the big Spring show of Ontario for all
breeds but the entries this year were not very
well filled up and the most unsatisfactory
and disappointing thing about the show was
the cramped and dingy place in which it was
held. As the Hydro Household Exhibition
occupied the main hall of the Arena the dog
show management had to be content with
using the rear part of the building underneath
the slanting floor of the gallery. What little
room there was was further obstructed by
the row of cement columns supporting the
gallery, one of these columns standing in the
judging ring. The general opinion expressed
by exhibitor and spectator alike, was that it
was a poor place for the show. It is too bad
that the Arena was not built with removable
galleries, so that far more floor space could
be utilized for exhibitions, as in the Madison
Square Garden building. Had this been the
case or if the place used had been larger and
better fitted up there is no doubt that for a
city the size and wealth of Toronto there

_Would have been a splendid, attendance.
There are dog shows and dog shows, but to

get high class sporting and society people to
attend in paying numbers a suitable and
nicely fitted up hall must be provided.

Another disappointment was that exhibitors
in the United States did not send their dogs
on from the Detroit show. Year after year
Canadians have been showing well in the

circuit of United States shows and we would :

like to see the United States breeders return

TORONTO KENNEL CLUB SPRING SHOW 1917

218 Entries, Making Only a 1 Point Show.

1410

the favor. The only United States dogs"seen _

at this show were a Dalmatian or coach’dog ~
owned by Dr. Thos. O. Buck, and a pair of —
English Toy Spaniels owned by the Celamo
Kennels. These three exhibits were from
Rochester, N.Y. and were h@ndled by the

enterprising Gerald Buck. Dr. Buck shows
his dogs at many of the leading United mea
and Canadian shows. He is by the way,
a Canadian, coming from Lindsay, Ont.

Mr. Buck offered three special prizes at the —
show to encourage the showing of Dalmatians.
Other out of Toronto entries were (in hia? 4
Fox Terriers), Aitken and Silver, Montreal, —
taking ist open and winners with Haste
Homage; Mrs. Calverty, Oakville, Ist puppye —
and novice; Alf. Lepine, Montreal, taking 2nd
in open dogs and 2nd open bitches; Mrs. —
R. E. Wester of Ottawa getting Ist open
bitches and winners with Lady Wireboy of —
Paignton; I. E. Meadows of Oakville and —
W. H. Short of London also showed a wires. —
There were only a couple smooth Fox Terriers —
shown, Geo. Bailey cleaning up everything —
with Clapton Faunus.° From South Porcu- $
pine Nr. Ont. came Collies and Russian-—
Wolfhounds. Roos of Waterloo, Meadows
of Oakville and Sternberg of Hamilton showed
Bostons; Howard of Montreal, an Irish Setter; ;
J. D. Eagan, London, a West Highland Wh
Terrier; Cook of Burlington, a St. Bernard;
Mrs. Weldon of Galt a Pekingese Spaniel,
taking three 3rds and a 2nd; G. E. Bing!
of Orangeville with a fine large Airedale bitch
pup and Geo. Goodwin of Canuck Kennels,
Lindsay, with a classy Airedale bitch which

he spotted in Oshawa before the show ane
secured, winning over some of the crack To-
ronto ones. Another good Airedale that

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA 1411

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. LIST AWARDS T.

tiffs: Prian of Wingfield and Duchess of
Winefield ist and winners. St. Bernards: Snow-
ball of Clarmount, 1st puppies; Ch. Facsimilie of
Parkdale, 1st dogs; Cooke's Lady Mollie, 1st bitches.
Russian Wolfhounds: Pearce of Porcupine got Ist
and winners with Thersea of Petrograd and Stamps
Boris of Kalmar same im dogs. J. G. Kent’s grey-
hounds won in their classes. Two Scotch deerhounds
were entered but not judged. Only_three beaglas
were entered by Mr. DeGeer, Lady Peerless taking
ist and winners, Patience 2nd, Broadview Queen 3rd;
Lady Peerless is a very fair specimen but lacks a bit
in head and shoulders. Whippet’s had six entries:
ist winners dogs going to I. King’s Royal Oak and Ist
winner’s bitches to Oak Mistress, sent out by J. W
Marples of England. Only one English setter was
shown but a very good specimen_of the strong active
working type. Six Irish setters were shown, Robson’s
Teddy Law taking 1st puppy dogs and bitches; John-
ston’s Irish Nora 2nd; Limit dogs, Johnston’s Judge
Law ist and winners Howard’s Tyrone Terry 2nd,
open a repeat. Johnston’s Zika_ took Ist winners
bitches. She was a great winner in England. These
setters have had field work in Florida all winter and
were handled at this show by the veteran Toronto
breeder Maroney who also showed them at the West-
minster show. Cocker spaniels were well represented
—Puppy dogs: Ist Merry Monarch, 2nd_ Oakley
Red Bird: Novice dogs, black: Ist Capt. Scott I,
2nd Midkiff Boswain, 3rd Bruce Boy: Limit dogs,
black: ist, 2nd repeat 3rd Calmo Perfecto; open
dogs black: ist winners cap, Scott II, 2nd Calmo
Perfecto, 3rd Bruce Boy, Novice dogs other than
black, ist Merry Monarch, 2nd Lord Clyde, 3rd
Crescent Buster, Limit solid color other than black,
ist Merry Monarch, 2nd Paderewski, 3rd Crescent
Buster: Open game, Ist and winners Brookdale Toby,
2nd Merry Monarch, 3rd Paderew8ki. Limit dogs
parti color, 1st and winners, Lucky Dewer, 2nc Lord
Clyde, 3rd Trey. Open game a_ repeat. Puppy
biteses: Ist Lucky Girl, 2nd Russilhill Molly, 3rd

R. H. Pe . Open bitches black: Ist Calmo Mcr-~
engo, ond Gupsy, Novice other chan black: Ist Sweet
Colleen, 2n. Princess Pat. Limit game: Ist Ruby

B., 2nd Goldie B. Open: ist Crescent Bonita, 2nd
Sweet Colleen, 3rd Goldie B. Limit parti color: Ist
Rapid Queen, 2nd Beauty Spot. Open Parti: Ist
ae winners Rapid Queen, 2nd Belmont Dott, Can-
-adian bred open: ist Calmo Morengo, 2ndgCrescent
Buster. Consiuering the size of the show there was
- also a goou entry in Airedales (24). In puppy dogs
Morning Acceptance took 1st, Claycliff Swell 2nd,
King Brutus 3rd. Novice dogs: Ist Claycliff Tenacity,
2nd Harvey Morn, 3rd Barney. Canadian bred:
ist Marching Orders, 2nd Claycliff Tenacity, 3rd
Harvie Morn; Limit dogs a repeat. Open dogs: Ist
Ch. Polam Maxim, 2nd Morning Admiration, 3rd
Marching Orders. Puppy bitches: 1st Rugged Coun-
tess Oorang, 2nd Silver Birch Lady, 3rd Claycliff
Sweetie. Novice bitches: tst Rugged Countess
- Oorang, 2nd Silver Birch Lady, 3rd Canuck Loma
Oorang, 4th Claycliff Pride, 5th Claycliff trim,
6th Walnut Marguerett, Limit bitches: Ist Silver
Birch Lady, 2nd Askern Model (imp.), 3rd Canuck
Loma Oorang. Canadian bred bitches: ist. Rugged
Countess, 2na Silver Birch Lady, 3rd Claycliff Pride.
Open bitches ist Marshfield Milkmaid (imp.), 2nd
Silver Birch Lady, 3rd Askern Model. In Irish
Terriers Barney Doyle was ist in puppies and novice.
Irish Doctor 1st Limit and 1st Can. bred; Coast Native
Prince Ist open and Kelvin Glory Ist in bitches.
- Lochmoben Jack topped the three Scotties shown,
Nice little showing of white highlands, Knockmore
Little Bro. taking ist Limit, 2nd open, Ardoch Model
getting Ist. In bitches >adie Mae took 1st, Lothian
Betty 2nd, Lothian Lady 2rd. Fox Terriers Wire,
puppies: ist Patricia, 2nd Rip Van Winkle, 3rd
Teddy. Novice: Ist Pan, 2nd Patricia, 3rd_ Teddy.
Limit dogs: 1st Donne Dazzlem, 2nd Light Dragoon,
3rd Wych Warder. Open dogs: ist and winners
Hasty Homage, 2nd Wire Boy of Malden, 3rd Doune
Dazzlem. Limit bitches: Ist Lady Wireboy of Paign-
ton, 2nd Brandy Wine, 3rd Bobs.. Open bitches:
Ist and winners. Lady Wireboy of Paignton 2nd,
Wire maid of Malden, 3rd Brandywine. Bull terriers.

A silver Cup, by Miss Caroline Mumford, for best

‘onto, owner. This dog was formerly ni
Marching Orders, Jos. Perkins, West To- Just Teddy of the Canuck Kenne 3

K. C. SHOW, 1917.

_at all peony and Show-giving Clubs in Toronto.

“Colleen. 4

Pe aS

f

x
.

te
Fox Terrier, wire or smooth. Won by Mrs. Webste- ay :
of Ottawa with Lady Wireboy of Paignton. te =;
The Toronto Trophy Craft Cup, forthe best Can-
adian bred bitch, any breed, to be won three timesin
succession, or five times in all. To be competed for __

under C. Rules. (This cup is at the CK.C,
weir, 77444 Yonge St.) Won by Mrs. Ingram, Little
oman. =
Mr. Bert Swann Special Prize for best owned by aa
a lady and shown by owner. Mrs. Webster. es Pe
A Silver Cup, donated by Mr. J. Graburn; thiscup ~~
not to be won by a member of any specialty club. ey
Won by Mrs. Webster. “4
Collies: Mr. Jas. D. Strachan donated One Piece
Silver Plate for best Novice Rough Collie bred by
exhibitor.. Won by C. A. Culbert, Porcupine. Messrs.
Culbert & Pearce, South Porcupine, Ont., donate One o.
Gold Mounted Fountain Pen for the best Canadian.
bred Rough Collie. Won by Strachan’s Coltness

Clinker.
AIREDALE SPECIALS.

The Dudley Watters Rose Bowl, offered for best
dog in Show, to be won three times in succession or
five times in all. Won by Mr. Sid Perkins in 1915.
A medal for each win. Won by McKenzie’s Ch. |
Polam Maxim. “yy

_Mr. Jas. Bain, K.C., trophy for best puppy dog or
bitch, bred by exhibitor; to be won three times; a
medal with each win. Won by Bingham’s Rugged
Countess Oorang. ~ - Sas

Mr. H. Clayton offers a trophy for best Canadian
bred dog or bitch, to be won three times. Won by
Billinger’s Morning Admiration. ; =

Mr. Joseph Russell, M.P.P., cup for the best stud
dog and two of his get. Won by Billinger’s Morning
Admiration. > ae

Mr. A. J. Weller, cup for best brace of Airedales.
McKenzie’s King Nobblers Double and Marshfield
Milkmaid. Es

COCKER SPANIEL SPECIALS. :

The Cocker Spaniel Club of Canada (F. M. Whitte-
more, secretary-treasurer, 54 Dupont St., Toronto),
(open to apa et yaa = dues $2.C0 payable before
entries close, champions barred) :— at i

The Graburn’s Cup for best black dog or bitch, to
be wonfoutright. Won by Huckel’s Capt. Scott. _ Pal

The John Wanless Trophy, for best novice parti- ~ —
color dog or biich, to be won three times before be- b=
coming property of exhibitor. (N.F.S.,Mrs.Gammon; —
T.K.C., Mrs. Gammon; C.N.E., 1915, A. W. Mce- —
Mahon; C.N.E., 1916, A. W. McMahon). Won by —
Herd’s Lord Clyde. 6

The Armstrong & Marr Cup, for best novice solid
color dog or bitch, to be bred by exhibitor, to be won
three times before beccming property of exhibitor. —
(N.F-.S., A. S. Anderson; Toy-and Cocker, A. S. An- —
derson; C.N.E., 1915, T. Huekle; C.N.E., 1916, C.
Bowerbank). Mann’s Merry Monarch. «

The Otterbusn Cup, donated by Dr. C. Y. Ford,
for best red dog, to be won three times and bred by
exhibitor T.K.C., 1915, J. McKeown). Won. by
Bowerbanks Paderewski. 7 oe

A piece of cut glass for best black dog or bitch. —
Capt. Scott II. 3 aA
A piece of cut glass for best red dog or bitch. Sweet

+

ea

A piece of cut glass for best A.O.C. dog or bitch.
Luck Oeever. 7 ae
Spoon for best Novice Black Dog. Capt. Scottil
Spoon for best Novice Black Bitch. Capt. Scott II:
Spoon for best Novice-Red Dog. Merry Monarch.
Spoon for best Novice Red Bitch. Sweet Colleen.
One member cannot win more than one-bowl or one ade
spoon. -- ae
1 Box Cigars for best brace of Parti-Colors, open to
ee of the Cocker Spaniel Club. Won by Mrs. —
ewis. e-
Cut Glass Bowl for best brood bitch and two of her _
get, open to members of Cocker Spaniel Club. Mr. —

I. P. McKeown. 2
BULL TERRIERS.

Class 112—Puppies, Dogs.—lIst. Mrs. w.
Wadsworth: Bramley Pep; 17433: April 15, 191¢
breeder, Miles & Coles; by Inferno Buster—Infern

Catherine; N.F.S. 2nd. Robert Charles Hearn; Selb

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AP ALD SAEED OSE

{ < ;
Lad; July 18, 1916; breeder, R. C. Harne; by Furore—
Somburo Patricia; for sale.

Class 113—Novice, Dogs.—Ist. H. Vearncombe;
Furore; listed; July 12, 1915; breeder, Miles Vokes;
ox Inferno Buster—Inferno Gipsy. 2nd. Robert
Chas. Hearn, Duke of Selby; 18180; July 18, 1916;
breeder, R. C. Hearn; hy Furore—Somburo Patricia:
for sale. 3rd. Hearn & Bryson; Charlie Chaplin;
18179; July 18, 1916. breeder, R. C. Hearn; by Furore—
Somburo Patricia.

Class 115—Limit, Dogs, 35 Ibs. and over.—
Ist. Fred W. Coles; Garry Owen; listed; March 17,
1916; breecer, F. W. Coles; by Inferno Buster— Nellie
Grey; N.F.S. 2nu. Mrs. W. R. Wadsworth; Bram-
ley Pep; See Class 112. 3rd. Hearn & Bryson; Charlie

Chaplin; See Class 113.

Class 116—Open, Dogs.—lIst. Fred W. Coles;
Garry Owen; See Class 115. 2nd. Don Sutherland;
Billy Sunday; 16666; July 12, 1915; breeder, Miles
& Coles; by Inferno Buster—Inferno Gipsy. 3rd.
Mrs. W. R. Wadsworth; Bramley Pep; See Class 112.

Class 118—Novice, Bitches.—lst. John Miles;
Duchess of Devon; registered; Feb. 5, 1915; breeder,
J. Miles; by Inferno Buster—Inferno Lass; $100.

Class 119—Limit, Bitches, under 35 Ibs.—
Ist. Fred R. Smith; Sweet Elaine; listed; March 3,
1916; breeder, R. H. Elliott; by Haymarket Patrician
—Ada Ann; $500.

Class 120—Limit, Bitches, 20 Ibs. and over.—
ist. John Miles; Interno True Blue; registered; July
12; breeder, J. Miles: by Inferno Buster—Inferno
Lass; $100. 2nd. Fred W. Coles; Nellie Grey; 16412;
breeder, owner; by Inferno Douglas—lInferrio Queen;
N.F.S. 3rd. Jos. Forster; Walnut Cheeky; 14914;
Dec. 23, 1913.

Class 121—Open, Bitches.—lIst. Fred W. Coles;
Nellie Grey; See Class 120. 2nd. Jos. Forster; Wal-
nut Cheeky; See Class 120.

Class 122—Canadian Bred, Dogs and Bitches.—
Ist. Mrs. W. R. Wadsworth; Bramley Pep; See Class

112.
ENGLISH BULLDOGS.

Class 123—Puppies, Dogs.—Iist. H. C. Gubb;
Oakwood Marquis: 17586; June 10, 1916; breeder,
H. GC. Gubb; by Dick Whittington—Black Nelly; $150.
2nd. George Gaull; Sandfield Marquis: 17319; Aug.
18, 1916: breeder, Geo. Gaull; by Rydall Skipper—
Belle: $250. 3rd. George Gaull; Sandfield Jack;
17320; Aug. 18, 1916; breeder, Geo. Gaull; by Rydall
Skipper—Belle; $100.

Class 124—Novice, Dogs.—Ist. H. C. Gubb; Oak-
wood Marquis; See Class 123.

Class 125—Limit Dogs, under 45 Ibs.—Ist. H.
Hayball; King George; 17048; May 9, 1915; breeder,
Bt oleate: by Moston Marshall—Lady Kitty Canuck

Class 126—Limit, Dogs, 45 Ibs. and over.—
ist. Geo. Farquharson; Pentland Clansman; 14754;
July il, 1913; breeder, H. Chadwick; by Homewood
Jumbo—Worsley Pegey; N.F.S. 2nd. Harry Holgate;
King Moston; 17046; May 10, 1915; breeder, H. Hol-
gate; by Moston Marshall—Lady Kilby Canuck.
3rd. Sid. Perkins; Rockley Silent Witness; 16834;
Nov. 18, 1915; breeder, Sid. Perkins; by Punch—
Twanbrook China; N.F.S.

Class 127—Open, Dogs, under 45 Ibs.—Ilst. H.
A. Wilson; Costero Diamond; 15614; June 22, 1914;
breeder, H. A. Wilson; by Worsley Costermonger—
The Little Diamond; N.F.S. 2nd. H. Hayball; King
George; 17048; See Class 125.

Class 128—Open, Dogs, 45 Ibs. and over.—lIst.
J. E. Dowling; Baron of Lambare; 1534; Oct. 14, 1912;
breeder, Mrs. A. E. E. Pearson; by Dalston Demon—
Dalston Day Dream. 2nd. Geo. Farquharson; Pent-
land Clansman; See Class 126. 3rd. Harry Holgate;
King Jock; 17047; May 10, 1915; breeder, H- Holgate;
by Moston Marshall—Lady Kilby Canuck.

Class 129—Canadian Bred, Dogs.—list. H. A.
Wilson; Costero Diamond; See Class 127. 2nd. Harry
Holgate; King Jack; See Class 128. 3rd. J. E. Dow-
ling; Gammon o1 Lambare; 16934; Dec. 26, 1915;
breeder, J. E. Dowling; by Baron of Lambare—Cnh. -
Judy of Lambare.

Class 130—Breeders, Dogs and _ Bitches.—Ist.
H. A. Wilson; Cestero Diamond; See Class 127. 2nd.
Harry Holgate; King Moston; See Class 126.

Class 131—Puppies, Bitches.—1st. George Gaull;
Sandfield Molly; 17318; Aug. 18, 1916; breeder, George
Gaull; by Rydall Skipper—Belle; $150. a6

Class 132—Novice, Bitches.—list. Mrs. Hicks;
Cheetham’s Double; 17346: April 27, 1915; breeder,
H. Preston; by Cheetham Squire—Rydal Loo:

Class 125—Open, Bitches, under 40 Itbs.—Ist.
J. E. Dowling, Ch. Judy of Lambare; 15508; June 30,
1914; breeder, J. E. Dowling. by Worsley Dreadnought
—Sheila of Lambare; N.F.S.

Class 136—Open, Bitches, 40 Ibs. and over.—
ist. Henry F. Darrell; Miss Cheat’m; 16818; April 27,

,by Ch. Parbold Picaroon—Sweet Colleen.

Ty
ham, OF 2 \

~~ yf AS P.

aed eres yn SS Sa

t ” Sa S 4 ' “x ae *

1915; breeder, M. H. Preston; by Ch. Che hath

Rydal te: $1,000, 2nd. Mrs, Hicks: Ch

Double; 17346; April 27, 1915; See Class 132. _
Class 137—Canadian Bred, Bitches.—Ist. 4

ie et gone Dearest eee: See Class 132,
nd. Henr s *m; : re

1915; See Class 136, 3rd. J St Dowling Che yoda

FOX TERRIERS, SMOOTH. «3

Class 139—Novice, Dogs and Bitches.—Ist.
G. W. Bailey; Clapton Faunus; listed; Feb. 29, 1916;
breeder, Geo. W. Bailey; by Clapton St. Leger—Clap- __
ton Vivacity; N.F.S. 2nd. E. Jepson; Boy; listed: %
Feb. 27, 1915; breeder, Broadway Kennel; by Broad-
way Cackler—Broadway Donation. ace

Class 140—Limit, Dogs.—Ist. Geo. W. Bailey;
Clapton Faunus: See Class 139. * :

Class 141—Open, Dogs.—Ist. Geo. W. Bailey;
Clapton Faunus; See Class 139,

COLLIES, ROUGH. “a

Class 148—Puppies, Dogs.—Ist. Cecil a. Culbert; —
Porcupine. Premier; 17619; May 4, 1916; breeder, —
Cecil A. Culbert; by Ch. Knocklayde King Hector—
Ch. Weston Billesly Blush; N.F-.S. :

Class 149— Novice, Dogs.—Ist. Cecil A. Culbert;
Porcupine Premier; See Class 148. ° 2nd. W. L. Jifkins;
Rob_ Boy; listed; Sept. 1, 1915; breeder, S. Cooper;

Class 150—Limit Dogs.—lst. Cecil A. Culbert; —
Porcupine Premier; See Class 148. 2nd. W.L. Jifkins;
Rob Roy; See Class 149. 3rd, R. Y. Wemyss; Princg,
Charlie; 16809: May 10, 1915; breeder, J. Hall; be a
oS campbell Sterling—Campbell Montgomery, —

.

Class 151—Open, Dogs.—Ist. James D. Strachan,
Coltness Clinker; 15747; Nov. 1, 1914; breeder, J. D.
Strachan; by Ch. Parbold Picador—Ch. Weston All
Quality; $700. 2nd. Cecil A. Culbert; Porcupine
Premier; See Class 148. 3rd. W. L. Jifkins; Rob Roy; |
See Class 149. . . ag

Class 152—Breeders, Dogs.—Ist. James D. Strach-
an; Coltness Clinker; See Class 151. 2nd. Cecil A.
Culbert; Porcupine Premier; See Class 148. 3rd. J. :
E. Miller; Cantab Keeper; See Class 15v.

Class 153—Puppies. Bitches.-—ist. W. Tomlin-
son; Tango Topsy; listed; Aug. 16, 1916; breeder, R. —
Y. Wemyss, By Prince Charlie-Mabel Queen N.F.S. |

Class 154—Novice, Bitches.—Iist. James D
Stracnan; Coltness Kim; listed; Nov. 16, 1915; breeder _
J. D._ Strachan; by Danmashie Dandy—Coltness
Cymbeline; N.F.S. 2nd. W.Tomlinson; Tango Topsy _
See Class 153. es

Class 155—Limit, Bitches.—Ist. Jas. D. Strachan;
Coltness Kim; wee Class 154. .

Class 156—Open, Bitches.—I1st. James D. Strach- _
an: Coltness Kim: See Class 154. ‘a

Class 157-—Breeders, Bitches.—1st. James D. :
Strachan; Coltness Kim; See Class 154.

ae COLLIES (TRICOLOR). on

Class 158—Puppies, Dogs.—Ist. G. E. Newton;
Major: listed; Sept. 2, 1916; breeder, J. D. Strachan; —
by Coltness_ Clinker—Coltness Creole; N.F.S. 2nd, —
Mr. Roberts; Buddy; listed; Sept. 2, 1916; breeder;
J. D. Strachan; by Coltness Clinker—Coltness Creole’
N.F.S. 3rd. Mrs. Fred. Bell; Pat. Perfection; listed> —
July 17, 1916; breeder, Mrs. F. Bell; by Skyloo Per- —
fection—Duchess Perfection; N.F-S. Fe

Class 159—Novice, Dogs.—Iist. G. E. Newton; —
Major: See Class 158. 2nd. Mr. Roberts; Buddy; —
See Class No. 158. 3rd. Mrs. Fred. Bell; Pat. Perfec- —

-

Mrs. F. Bell; ion
fection: N.F.S. 2nd. George H. Whichello;
listed: April 23, 1916; breeder, H. E. Wild;
bell Sterling—Campbell Beauty; N.F-.S.
Nes eae nah oa Chee George
Whichello; Quenie; See Class 5 ee
Class 165—Limit, Bitches. —Ist. George H. Which-
ello; Quenie; See Class 163. 7
COLLIES (SMOOTH) : i
Class 168—Open, Dogs.—Ist. N. K.‘Swire; Canute
Artful; listed; Apri] 4, 1916; breeder, F. Wildgoose;
by Artificial—Canute Gem.; N.F.S. a
Class 169—Open, Bitches.—Ist. N. K. Swire;
Ch. Canute Treasure; listed; March 3, 1911; bree
J. Heap; by Hector of Woolford—Crosley Quality;

N.F
2 BELGIUM SHEEP pos. 2
Class 170—Open ogs.—lIst. Mrs. W. Rf. ads-
worth: Bramley Dingo; 17785; May 12, 1915; breeder

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

ogg

ior or sot or I OP TO SOON ORES TO OC OTC

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to write for terms and other information to

BAKER’S HOTEL, GASPE, QUE.

South Bend Bait Co.
826 5 Colfax Ave. South Bend, Ind.

AOI

> ee ee ee men ee cs

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1416 ROD AND GUN IN ( CAN ADAD oe Aa:
y P Mas
7 -~ a pl — . << j
Sir John C. Eaton; by Dicko Des Banes—Neger ‘on's Ciss; See C = 209. 3rd. L - Kenyo Send 5
Hardaw; N.F.S. _. Senn Queen II.; ee Class 209. pe of ee
DALMATIANS. >OMERANIANS. = a *
Class 173—Limit, Dogs and Bitches.—Is*. Dr. Class 211- Pup ies, Dogs.—Ist.—James Mc-
Thos. D. Buck: Rocksiticus Riva; listed; Aug. 28, Ewan; Punch; listed; May 2, ee breeder, James

1913: breeder, Rocksiticus Kennets; by Ruby Bonfire—
Rockliffe Dorothy

Class 174—Open, Dogs and Bitches.—lIst. Dr.
Thos. D. Buck; Bonhamptet Bugler; listed: Sept. 27,
1913: breeder, Bonhampton Kennels; by Ch. Wind-
holme Forever—Ch. Cinders.

BOSTON TERRIERS.

Class RT tas Dogs.— Ist. Fred. W. Jacobi;
Spiritualist: 18216: July 19, 1916; breeder, Ar. Robb;
By The Spirit—Dimps.

Class 186—Novice, Dogs.—Ist. H. E. C. Brennan;
Dandy Duke: 18100; Oct. 6, 1915; breeder, Mrs. H.
S. Thwaites: by Thwaites Tango—Thwaites Dolly
Varden; $100.

Class A pregy te i, Dogs, 12 Ibs. and under 17 Ibs.
——Ist. H. Brennan; Derby’s Speed; 18099; Apri
5, 1916; ea Ess Mrs. B. L. Brownell; by Derby Boy
H—Brownell’s Nellie.

Class 188—Limit, Dogs, 17 Ibs. and under 22
Ibs.—Ist. Mrs. E. M. Graham; Bumble Bee; 16675;
May 10, 1914; Breeder, Mrs. E. M. Graham; by
Oxonious Rex—Graham’s Princess; $100.

Class 189—Limit, Dogs, 22 Ibs. and under 28
Ibs.—I1st. R. Henderson: Clifton Chummy; listed;
June 15, 1915: breeder, A. Yeager: by Chum—Ruby;
$500. 2nd. Jos. Travers; Fashion Fancy; 16558:

Class 189—Limit, Dogs, 22 Ibs. and under 28

Ibs.—Ist. R. Henderson; Clifton Chummy; listed;
June 15, 1915: breeder, A. Yeager; by Chum—Ruby;
$500. Snd. Jos. Travers; Fashion Fancy: 16558;

Oct. 12:. breeder, E. Macdonald: by Prince Rexworthy
-—Dolly Mack. 3rd. H. E. C. Brennan; Dandy Duke;
See Class 186.
Class 190—Open, Dogs, 12 Ibs. and under 17
Ibs.— Ist. H. E.. C. Brennan: Derby’s Speed; See
Glass 187. 2nd. Mrs. W. C. Ingram; Ch. Ingram’s
. Little Man; 15108; May 1, 1913; breeder, Mrs. W. C.
Ingram; by Onadaga—Oxonian Imp.; $400
Class sot ore Dogs, 17 Ibs. and under 22
” Ibs.—Ist. W. B. Levack: Little Pete II.; 17171; Feb.
; 20, 1914; Wieser W. Pearce; by Dowd’s Glory—

Gypsy IT.: $1,000.
Class 192—Open, Dogs, 22 Ibs. and under 28
Ibs.—2nd. R. Henderson: Clifton Chummy; listed;

June 15, 1915: See Class 189.- 3rd. Brown’& Phillips;

The Spirit; 16972; Aug. 7, 1914. =
Class 193—Canadian Bred, Dogs.—Ist. Wm.

Austin; Ch. Prince Rexworthy; 14953; July 24, 1913.

breeder, John Deitchler; by Ch. Rexonian—Lady
Verna.

Class 194—Puppies, Bitches.—Ilst. Mrs. E. M.
Graham: Graham’s Toots: listed; May 30, 1916;

E. M. Graham; by Oxonious Rex—
Graham’s Princess: $50, 2nd. Chas. H. Roos: Reins-
man Girl; 222369: Aug. 2, 1916: breeder, H. N. Bulger;
~ 2 Reinsman, A. ne 191678—Turnstile Trixie,

breeder, Mrs.

se Class 195—Novice, Bitches.—1I1st. Miss M. Rich-

_ardson: Quinte Marianne; listed; Nov. 10, 1915; breed-
_er, owner: by Ingram’s Little Man—OQuinte Prima
Donna. 2nd. Mrs. C. W. Stenberg: Queen Delhi:
17334; Dec. 18, 1912; breeder, Wm. Austin; by Cone-

waugh—Dolly Prim. N.F.S.

Class 199—Open, Bitches, 12 Ibs. and under
47 Ibs.— 1st. Mrs. W. C. Ingram; Ingram’s Little
a Woman; 17745; March 18, 1916; breeder, Mrs. W. C.
aL _ Ingram: by Ch. Ingram’s Little Man—Ingram’s Pink

: aera 2nd. W. B. Levack: Levack’s Fashion Plate ;
16557: Oct. 12, 1915: breeder, E. MacDonald; by Ch:

igo
a
nae
ao
: :
2!
>

7 Prince Rexworthy—Dolly Mac.: $500.

aie : YORKSHIRE TERRIERS.
Class 207—Limit, Dogs.—ist. J. H. Kenyon;
_ _Haslingden Mons; listed; 1915: breeder, Mr. Spencer;

by Ch. Armley Roy—Quneenie; $300. 2nd. R. F.
_ Briston: Fido: listed; June 6, 1915; breeder, Mrs.
*~ Banks; N.F:S.

: Class 208—Open, Dogs.—1st. W. McIntyre: Star
of Pellou; 17372: Rey 11, 1914: breeder, J. H. Green-
wood; by Ch. Pillou Earlsmead Bobby—Pillion Queen-
ie: N.F.S. 2nd. J. H. Kenyon; Haslingden Butler
Boy: listed; 1914: breeder; Mr. Smit Py. Harpurkey
Hero—Ridgeway Duchess: 3rd. R. F. Briston; Fida;
See Class 207.

Class 209—Limit, Bitches.—i1st. J. H. Kenyon;
Kenyon’s Ciss: 14999: 1913; Breeder, T. Mallinder;
_ by Overden’s Little Courtier—W alkley’ s Daisy. 2nd.
4 Bis 5 an Senn Senn Queen II.; 16695: 1913;
breeder, J ‘Trunwell: by Claremont Marquis—Green-
well’ sDolly.

_ Class 210—Open, Bitches.—Iist. Ms. J. W.
~ Weldon; ep Ketty o Galt; 14978; May 23, 1912;
breeder, Croft; ©: Woods Armley Ronald—Croft

Burlington Lady; $4502. 2nd. dob.

Kenyon; Ken-

McEwan: by ‘Jim—Daisy; N.F

Class 212—Novice, Dogs, under 8 Ibs., HATES
—Ist. Mrs. H. W. Jakeway; Brownie; listed: A
1914; breeder, M. L. Herd: by Kelvin (C.K.L. 1285
Kelvinside Viola; N.F.S. 2nd. James eae .
Punch; See Class 211.

Class 213—-Limit, Dogs, under 8 Ibs., any color.
—Ist. John McNaughton; Mohangies Defender;
17616; Feb. 1914; breeder, Mrs. Nichols; by Ali
Saints Teddy—Coronation Bess; WN. ‘F.S. 2nd. wae
Waggitt; Imported Glenifer Model; listed; Feb. 5
1915; breeder, Mrs. J. Boag; by Martahau—Ivy; $500.

Class 214—O pen, Dogs, Black under 8 Ibs.—
1st. John McNaushtan: McNaughton Defender; See
Class 213. 9

Class 215—Open, Dogs, any other Color, under
8 Ibs.—Ist. J. T, Waggitt; Imported Glenifer Model;
listed; See Class 213.

Class 216—Open, Dogs, Brown or Chocolate.—
1st. Mrs. H. W. Jakeway:; Brownie; See Class 212.

Class 217—Puppies, Bitches.—1st. Mary F. John-
ston; Zetland Pride; listed; Sept. 15, 1917. breeder,
M. Johnston; by Pomeria "Defender—Myrtle.

Class 218—Novice, Bitches, under 8 Ibs., an
color.—Iist. James Murley; Kelvinside Trixie; liste
July 1, 1913; Breeder, Mrs. PS. Herd; by Kelvinaide
Nipper—Kelvinside Daisy. 2nd. Mrs. J. Parker;
White Fleece; registered; Nov. 20, 1915; breeder, Mrs.
Kittermaster; by Cairndhu Narcissus—Princess May; -
$500. 3rd. Miss Mary F. et xa Zetland Pride;
listed; Sept. 15, 1916; breeder, M . Johnston; by Pom-
eria Defender—Myrtie.

Class 219—Limit, Bitches, under 8 Ibs.
Color.—lst. Mrs. C. G. Beet Little Jem; liste
July 3, 1915; breeder, owner; Bombria Masterpiece—
Minnie. 2nd. James Murby; Kelvinside Trixie; See |
Class 218: 3rd. J. T. Waggitt; Imported Lilyhill "Sun-
flower; listeu; Nov. 28, 1915; breeder, Mrs. Mac-
pherson; by Offley Honeymoon—Raitt’s Joan; $350.

Class 220—Open, Bitches, Black, under 3 Ibs.—
ist. Mrs. C. G. Briggs; Little Jem; See Class 219.
2nd. James Murby; Kelvinside Trixie; See Class 218.

Class 221—Open, Bitches, Brown or Chocolate. —
—I1st. Jack Webb; Goldmine Midget; 13190; Feb. 24,
1913; breeder, Jack W ebb; by Kelvinside ‘Nipper—
Goldmine Betty:

Class 222—Open, Bitches, any other Color,
under 8 fbs.—lst. J. T. Waggitt; Imported Lilyhill
Sunflower; See Class 219.

PEKINGESE SPANIELS.

Class 225—Puppies, Te and Bitches.—Ist.
Wm. Cameron; Ben Ti Shi; listed; June. 1916; breeder‘
Mr. Pearcey. 2nd. Mrs. J. W. Weldon; La Chene;.
listed; Aug. 6, 1916; breeder, Mrs. Murchison; Li Hung
—Lady Ching. $75.

Class 226—Novice, Dogs and _ Bitches.—lIst.
Miss_ Claude —— I. Sing; listed: July 4, 1915;
Breeder, Mrs. J. V. ‘Davey: by Isung—Bebe. 3rd.
Mrs. J. W. Webion- La. Chene: See Class 225.

Class 227—Limit, Dogs.—Ist. Clancy & Moun-
tain; Chun Chip: 17056; May 20, 1914; breeder, James
Agar; by Wotton Konan Ti—La Tos Ki; N.F.S.
2nd. Mrs. H. Wilson; Noswal Neto; registered: Nov..
18, 1912; Rosentral, England; Dd Ishington Ching—
Northwol’s Sally Lunn; N.F.S iss Claude
Trainor; I. Sing; See Class 226.

Class 228—Limit, Bitches.—Ist. R. Richard-
son; Black Diamond of Manchuria; ied: May 15,
1913; breeder, Mrs. Kennedy; by Nanking Pu Yi
Nanking Kau-Su. 2nd. R. oe, Richardson; Ashton-—
More-Kwai-Wha; listed; Nov. 1914; breeder, Mrs.
Weaver; by Young EIf of een ta Lu of Asheroft.

es

re

3rd. Mrs. J. W. Weidon: Oriental Queen; See Class 230. ae

Class 229—Open, Dogs.—list. Clancy & Moun- —
tain; Chun Chip: 17056: May 20, 1914; breeder, James
Agar: by Wotton Konan Ti—La Tos Kit. 2nd. Mrs. —

Wilson; Noswal Neto; See Class 227. 3rd. Miss
wants Trainor; I-Sing; See Class 226.
S. Rich- |

Class 230—Open, Bitches.—1st. Mrs. R.

ei

oe

Fn
>

x
Se ae

ardson; Nowata Fai; listed: Dec. 19, 1914: breeder, _

Rocky Brook Kennels; by Nanking Poo-Kwei—.
Poo-Shan. 2nd. Mrs. R. S. Richardson; Ashton-
More-Winki; listed; Sept. 16, 1914; breeder, Mrs.
Robinson; 1: by As Ashton-More-Sun-Nee—Ashton More-
Pugee. J. W. Weldon; Oriental Queen;
18139; July LZ "T9is: pat Mrs. Murchison; =
Tsung (imp.)—Wee Mol: $150 :
ENGLISH TOY SPANIELS. o*
class 234—Open, Dogs.—lIst. Celamo Kennels; *
Calamo Redbeau; listed: Feb. 7, 1910; breeder, Rose- —
mary Kennels; by Ch. Rosemary Calvert Resse aff
Dearest Girl.

heart and split cane.
favorites and of the highest quality.
rods are beauties and much admired.

its strength and beauty.

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ae 7 co

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

FISHING RODS Made-In-Canada

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We haye been making fishing rods in Toronto for over thirty years, in Lancewood, Green-
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NEWFOUNDLAND

A Country of Fish and Game.

A Paradise for the Camper and Angler,

ideal Canoe Trips

The country traversed by the Reid Newfoundland Company’s system is exceedingly rich in all kinds of fish

and game. All along the route of the Railway are streams famous for their SALMON and TROUT fishing.
Also Caribou barrens. Americans who have been fishing and hunting in Newfoundland say there is no other
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land. Information together with illustrated

ooklet and Folder cheerfully forwarded upon application to

J.W.N. JOHNSTONE, Generali Passenger Agent, Reld Newfoundland Company, ST. JOHN’S, NEWFOUNDLAND

FISHING TACKLE THAT STANDS THE TEST

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REELS, FLIES, MINNOW TRAPS

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For Delivery.

Not the Cheapest but the Best Is Our Motto.

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Catalogue on Request. Mention ROD andGUN

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I ever saw or owned. He could do anything any
other dog could do and then turn around and
lick the other dog. :

It is the same with any goods of our manufacture
They are the best made—made for the sportsman who
wants the best and is willing to pay the price at which
the best can be produced.

Besides they are made in Canada, by Can-
adians.

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is the finest oil on the market for fire arms, reels, etc.
Absolutely prevents and removes rust, residue of
powder and oils perfectly all mechanisms. 3 oz.
bottle 25 cents. Postage extra .05.

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a bottle now.
Dealers—Write for Special Proposition.
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M’f’g’rs. Sportsmen’s Specialties.

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your flies in perfect condition with ~

e e
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E A famous fisherman says, Every Angler
7 should carry 3-in-Onein his kit.”? 3 in One
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keeps ‘‘dry flies”? dry.
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165 KUF. B’dwY
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; ai wet ee
we Me aeen en, Bitches.—Ist. Celamo Kennels:
~ Celamo Windfalla; 12995; Apri! 30, 1910; breeder, Hon.
Mrs. Lytton; by Ch. Windfall--St. Anthony’s Fairy.
. TOY, BLACK AND TAN. |
Class 239—Open, Dogs.—Ist. Mrs. Delaney:
_ Gay Boy; 12348; April 24, 1912; breeder, S. A. De-
laney; by Sun Star—Nell 2nd.
Class 240—Open, Bitches.—Ist. John L. Tom-
linson; Trixie FI; 16922: Nov. 12, 1915; breeder, J.
L. Tomlinson; by C. H. Bonnie Boy II. (C.K.C.
__‘-127770)—C. H. Wanaa (C.K.C. 18910).
ES" MALTESE TERRIERS.
d Class 242—Open, Dogs.—Ist. Raymond W. G.
4 Card; Hermand White Knight II 16343; Aug. 3,
1915; breeder, Mr. R. W. G. Card; by Hermand White

y Knight—Daphne DeMalta; N.F.o.
Class 243—Open, Bitches.—Ist. R. W. G. Gard;
: Ch. Highberry Snowball; 15014: June 8, 1908: breeder,
L. W. Leese; by Major Mite—Normacot Duchess:
N.F.S. 2nd. R. W. G. Card; Elva De Malta: listed;
Sept. 19, 1914; breeder, Mrs. hancock; \by King
Meneris—Snowtlake; $250. 3rd. R. W. Card;

Emer De Malta; listed; Sept. 19, 1914: breeder, Mrs.
Hancock; by King Meneris—Snowflake: $250.
~ MISCELLANEOUS CLASS.
Class 245—Open, Dogs and Bitches, under 30

, tbs.—Ist. Ward McCauley; Tiny; listed: June 1;
: breeder, Mrs. Seddon; by Tipperary— Mary.

: Judges—W. Currie, Toronto, Boston terriers: Chas.
a H. Mason, Long Is. N.Y. all other breeds.

5 Two Good Judges.

_ Great interest was taken in the judging, and the
Tingsides were packed to an uncomfortable degree.
A. Currie was the judge-elect for Boston terriers, and

C. H. Mason, of Long Island, N.Y., officiated as the
i all-rounder. The latter is by no means a stranger
z at our Toronto shows, having acted as judge at many
; of our big events, and his knowledge of the various

breeds makes his placings all the more Noteworthy.

His task, however, was not an arduous One, as many

of the varieties were badly represented.

Cocker spaniels headed the list, with 49 entries,
followed closely by Airedales, collies and bull terriers.
In the toy section, the ‘‘Poms” and ““Pekes”” made a

=e 57
shoot Dick McGaw’s team won

__ The regular weekly shoot of the Balmy Beach Gun
re Club was held as usual on their grounds, Eastern

_ Avenue, on Saturday, April 7th, a very good turn-out

of members and friends

_ scores were made. RC
shoot.

were on hand and some good
- Harris was high in the Spoon
Scores:

TRAP

Continued from Page 1408

EREN SAEED ms
Ret Fel) igs st ive ee ee
fair. how, whilst the ris
an improvement. a = Ney
~e > ; t

The competition in»many of the classes was very

een, as many of our best-specimens were out to “fight
their battles o’er again.” he judging of the variety —
classes and the awarding of the general specials alway
furnish a great deal of interest for the exhibitor as —
well as the spectator. If an owner of a Pomeranian —
or a Boston, for instance, should beat a crack Airedaieaay 2

4.

or a collie, it adds a lot to the pleasure of the exhibitor.
To the general public one dog looks just the f
as another of that pp ee breed, so the casual
observer likes to see the different breeds pitted against _
each other. Sod 7

Billy Sunday Sold. ¢

Fashion Plate Sold. my

The Boston terrier bitch bred by E. MacDonald 4
Toronto, which has been winning so well thislast
year was sold after this show by W. B. Levock for oa:
slightly over $500 to a fancier from Boston,Mass. —

e Morning Acceptance. __ fe
A strong bid was made for this prize winning son __
of Morning Admiration and* Wingfield Charm, but —
Mr. Billinger the breeder held out for his price $250,
Later on_Mr. Geo. Goodwin of Lindsay bought
Wingfield Charm the dam of M. Acceptence Sheis
a well bred brood being by Ch. Crompton Oorang ex
< oe tt,

ints

Langollen Nelly.

PE LTC Lis cope eae at ey SNE ie oe :

Jordan Gun Club.

Fine weather favored the last shoot of the Winter —
Series of the Jordan Gun Club and, as a result the scores ©
were the highest of the entire series. : a

Several members of the St. Catharines Gun Club —
were present, and demonstrated by their scores that —
they still know how to smash the flying clays. The
boys put in a hard afternoon’s practice in preparation ~
for the big tournament which is to. be held by ;
Hamilton Gun Club on Good Friday and Saturday.

It is expected that the Jordan Gun Club will be 1
represented at the Hamilton shoot.
Those shooting and their scores were as follows:
hot = ~B

Sop met
AO
z
3
g

Spence..............:...
. Claterbuck....
- Fisher.......4....

aH

©

4

eo
OQ
ReEkRBBADABSSSSS

Py A

549
a

ce

L.Cc

ero

HY

ae

Seeetesicds, Attracting thesc..:....ic......ccecssssesesceess

ROD AND GUN ~

IN CANADA
Volume XVIII

JUNE 1616 -TO MAY 1917
A
_ Alpine. Club of Canada:— j ties
GEL y ORE la PAN Tira MAN, CUT sree re cos oss a edacns ine Sees sacesaesccayscacedae seereuecdensssdeeutienseceses tote ti Se ear
Some Climbs in the Rockies of the Pincher Creek District.............--.see eee F. W. Godsal
pine Club Member who has been honored Dy the Allies... ............cccsadesedenssduscedzvabeteconeeect gence cae
LEY DN OES SR oes Oca HACE Se ch oar ee a che 845, 1024,

Protection... Remdaciings sctacisrveseSseetics acces cts ajcnasiunacacsusaasicessnss ogee cen dachoeenee ye ses Otteea enn

een ne orto a eee NE sc Us ag a Tenn Sse ce anasatoou fibes nencteact be ee moet Reginald Gourlay
B
ce et TUL ca SNe Sig 2 pw STE nee: SEER “tS ree ria! 7 ara She Wm. McMillan
II ERR DS ean ng et ce, RN Ne ae os atcduceaanneut Siecccupeadentcohebstr cot cei ks eee
ass Fisherman, A Suggestion for Nir. 185 2 fel ory Se SRS OS Ree, Oe eae Ri Med Wan ey Gervas Geranus
aR Ree R BAZIN Gy ese oe ca, ets ate ee eV CUM is sn cee cyseccsdevuccesenpsvecsns¥? Aye es a eee: W.C. King

ear Hunting where Old Louis Lives regis: P. Rioux

con VD LY RV AR rrr ta Ceti SS ok se ie py a ree a ee Ae Ee ER. > Cc. H. Hamilton

Coen enecennnsecnescensesececacccrsccncccterswecnsceseensescnccsessrsecesterssesrensesasaccssesesssasenssstes

emetic TE Privy LO PTOCECE: L1G as - cas cots tee ee eee eas osapsnesacnesscececalessueveeecsinto ene Hubert Hutton
‘Birds, Welcome the.......... -

a FELD Se 8 83 ca Gr ee A. H. Haines
SN ae Rt i See ae ea 1a ao pete TR SRE REE oss vvi eases saiaceiesasnnsuasenanstera eee Jean Stevinson
Buffalo Herd is in Wainwright Park, Alta., World’s Largest... osrecedescestgtstuiedess kossestepb eager ene tt ean
Bull of Triple Creek, A Giddings
ly sae prenwelbine.. 2 ct-. co ctesswca anos Bill Riverside

, A Hunting and Fishing Trip in..
B. & , A Record of Big Game killed in
C2 TENT G76 ET SS
B. C., Nothing Unusual for Central.
B.C., Trout Fishing on the Stave River

T.S. Scott

RRA Red Ogre Nees BPG Perch ©, Grea ESI TL UTS Lees anon ce each Ee oe ocho ve saeE each co\ioasnnastaceouceccasetecrseosdacaaddupe eeeeenees Mike Jay
Canadian Vacation COGS SPD RASTA UDR eS RE BCL ee ee SS ne it 6 a eS Mabel Burkholder
Mereetereert mata Cert Ae ATE Of te vEROCHIGS 2, cscterii eos ie cane econ scene ccarenneupas Woccceissuandevansaccavsnsascaccerstentonmente E. Anderson
Camp aac. Pm Gin ea oe S57 sd Sane SAL SOREE Sacer isrcl= o_O eS ere eee reels Dr. Edward Booth
Sa MIMI E TREE AAT es certetscea Nese eae ete see oa eee sede eM nance sven sadaGoovaatocecateocgeentstcenacbeabanssanbtt Dr. Edward Booth
SaMNBE ICY 1p Cae T ECTS TE CETTE TNR ico oe 5o cc Foes coors nso Sass ck setae nie Saka sbavenidaasiareosseessubecesadacenouewtho bec gs oedy igs Ct eee
Canada (Western) AO ENG GE ANGOT TUM PACH CEs. <i ee eee rs vcssucoesocesscvadesodececdeaedecocdeteapanecsseeteaneel eae aa a
eae tease Sed ERY Tread dS Eee A TIRES] OL 22s noth n casa od acn eng ooo cb dant copmapdenetnoossevscossiesoussusbevesessesvastnsrnecnsentesiocates shee ea eee
Canoeing in the Far North Se a RTO re eee cE owes saunasenccaincesevedstacers esteonseeieee Chas. Eymundson
ce ETE LEST GT SERA eS Se ee ln eine rR DE Frank L. Nash
MRNA INNR TSIEN SP NORAE TSE oy I eR ree are ances eee Chabon aevsnbaccsoneciesitevessssssecelesuasasdeenss ct neen ieee ae "B. Benson
) Canoe will Build me, I a Light 3 Bonnycastle Dale
NANPA aN ren yn ed EES SM rev ecenevesccenescnassssssaevensqeasoove ae erteee A. W. Peck
~ Closed Season, oe eS RS SR Oe ei oe a RR so Gordon aoe
NN Fata Fa rg ecg ee nag ao sac scassvueecseesnsasensnnessdeiue tet eee Ad. L
= Gonuservation, A Symposium on Matters regarding .«.......0i.c.cc....ccccecceeesecepscnceeasessoansteceeceecens 53, 262, 384, 495, 639
Conservation, WRALteRS ert niin GEO. f..csccsas-cesto- ce hesdac.sescseceas 756, 882, 1026, 1096
Conservation, Special Bulletin from the Commission f...................2..ccccccccesecceseeeeceseiggpeeceeslencdech conteeeucnecesnsecesenserseceseus
OT DY tm oy 6 a eS ae eee eee em Rene IL | FE, Ve Williams
Crow Lake, dated VERE) LEYS) PCa aap ae la oS ne ee ce eS Py eae J. H. Gehan
F D
Daysix in the Woods, A Few............ ore aie heat mero FN lb sosusfoicnahdccalavedevassae tee eee ee E. J. McVeigh
BRENT SCO ti AINC 4 EAT PINS ok oe. cae vansee scisacaseivaccdwagsoeecens es ee ee SE ee = seaativoaeteaerts A. M. Nichol
Olen SLES RU VTE ayee ES SR ape ner ...E. J. Nilrah
Demand for Tuna, Swordfish and Sturgeon, Growing.............. Pipe sep 2 ee

ESSE Eich SR Schaal ya aero ee ee A. K. Mehl
Dominion Parks Management combats Forest Fire, How the

Duck Days on Pitt Meadows * A. R. Ellis
Ducks wusnting ae B. C. Tillett

uck Shoot, A... .E. V. Howe

ucks, Two Bags ‘of Wil Bonnycastle Dale
UMMM TE SODUN SGN EA oe fey tap eet a i dae cana snnongdvdva scene ace Gio eeee ee ee en F. V. Williams
NER ES IESE MINE foo 2 nea repens Nata cac s a sBas ent abn wanenodehusnnandnesengensuzecsensrscostisenthasaneeetoeanete %.......George Harper
OS RL Gye Pir Ee SRG FS STD ES ae ee SO ee ES ROR Wm. McMillen
MMIC EVO ETINES AL AW LUCK: Spb AN ph 9 Od WO soi faces yon oo 2a sco edacp daovcseveso.vaizssntadvoqeesssovenvessnnnacduauvessosenneaenasanasetee J. Townson

E

Eggs and Skins, A Story of { aS ESA phe Bt Colt Fo Se a RN, ERs Dea MRR Seed Ee Ae Chan ote Edward T. Martin
BATS E AU ING AERO Wi ct oo cntecnceoscos cosee sos steey este ageeesssseeeensenteeossssesossaeeconsnecrenessecennsscoanunesteananeennnasecenneseceeonasasenss L. Bentzen

teen

Fisherman, A Brothe
Fisherman's Luck...

eee eee reece terre re etr errr reer rrr errr Teer er reer
ee eri rrr rier r rer tert errr Terr Terr T Ty
SAUNO SAENOAE OEE eee e ee eee EH eS TEER SEES ED ESSE ASSESS SEES EEDESE OS HEtEEEED ESE D SOE SEEnSEesEeaeD

ee: Pantie RE ene YORE a, 7 oe .C. Edgar Thomas —
Pete RON ce oe yrtle Leeta Cherry
pie hit . aot bates. ... Jack Livingston

Food, Things that Crawl used for.......
Forest Protection System, The Truth about th
BspieeOd @ KING essa ves cccsdtv.
Fowling and Modern English

Fox Hunting without Hounds

G
eee dunting in Phe Selkirks, Big. \i.......i0c.caweeacnsies..secadelotseeeAitid antitank ee Geo. Sarver
Game in Maritime Provinces, Forest..
Game Laws, Improvement of ..

Game Preservation in the, Dominion Parks 21:...::.sccesece-ususcccnaeigsseseesohipussaasiousiectascsecneneseeens F. H. H. Williamson
Beene, “I he Disappearance Whew cs coe decevariefieowmenin sas nde ee debe vndeadiag Teele ee Clement Kaufman
MReMACLONL AID OMICS Wyse coke seek go tae saan vdueanes Ade oR snd En ae aS ee ee Jean Stevinson
BPCLCS A io. <igdesnsdnyinegsiansoncglehcadas lp cicceeeclaenastone ebgeels acicie NEL a eke Le na etaly Sits
oom wee een Perot htac eee. ge eee
oose, USNACHOUS ............0.0000 ward T. n
ESAS POP Ne aR SR OR OC Harold R. Hurd
parizzlessGharped by .....0.:05.ssacctyeccosctcncnc-sustns eorge H. Sarver
REBELS = EVIORDBED CS cn). Jccvaias ot eres ak ate .Don Matheson |
BOR SOL Eran dor WOME. Nc, cs seth cor eh hc ee eee Pee 5 SP le op vt -) e
Guns and Ammunition — a

Arms That crepes to Shove the Frontier off the Map....Ashley A. Haines 46, 170, 289, ce = 2, 1012, iB

A Loading Tmproveme ng... .ssccsesésnsdisonsssiepissonbsdbsennnsvnsecislctvealbens arecnugasiashn tise aise te ee a
Pamiblines ofa Riflemans: a. its. :-Sicsloeisisssucenem ciamitin ds ghasaseadvndtens «...Lieut. Townsend Whelen 1012, 1132,
Byes TG Ey ta ot 1 4 Ce Rn cae ee ei) MRNA erat IGE Coie i ean AER 3-1» Chas. Askins

+ BPUPINOUTE SS CASED UV GESE) oc. catcccr ds 8 ni ae RS ROS scons CRE ee Lillian Waters McMurtry -
2 amet OF Che StarHurting Club, “VhHe..2.5c.c...c0 0s sh co.ctso can teed sceoseibsstocedhecenedlbvomtateee caspian nea Wm. Hickson
Reape olin hikers) AA ea + E. J. McVeigh
sas ka vqevag deths oeen Tsu sam ed C Eymundson
des ieee cath raddig tes ace et teak petetaes Bert Pierson

Bclsesrsssenpe sunnusceudesoséccveateteus nay savanvne tee itaypestcaateasKae ewes eevad carts Mase aeeeeie Nova Scotian
Bonnycastle Dale

I
Ilion, N.Y. Will Celebrate Founding of Firearms Industry in America...........::.:sscssessessesnsseeseecessereesuseeegeestereesees
Inaccuracies

iM ~ ros bs a
Sommerer nes Grand Falls:Of vs, < 8 soso cattocucvsese role Monet dees hes, erie See as J. W. McGrath 243 —~
_ de, LIP SL TCEU) SoC n7'51 INS 09 oo) aera en eae PEO SE Sr teers et Bonnycastle Dale %
LD SE in NS ee en a er meres. 2 nD OMEN Me ERE ctr Ota as au Lillian Waters McMurtry 713 ©
Spee LA LOLs AVARING WML AMIN AIS! :::. «ove. cssececos Sle sss Ravacpendchececvcnectudecds nedeosoags es a 1127

Le ike TES TON oe aaa a a Ee an Ei eae et ea 106, 332, 434, 580, 820, 937, 1059, 1176,
DOC LD 2S RRS 1 PE gs Si SURREY YS Tt Se F.'V. Williams 490 |

rd. SLB:
Ov eee

AOA RAR ene Renee eden er eeee seen ens eeeeneweneasene

funting x Bs
foe on Snowshoes, Hunting
; Meat for Morrison’s Mine.
j _ Moose on the Miramichi, The Problem of sa
“Moose. On the Trail of the Wounded Bull ..
earaintor the Hall. Aico ciki.ce cc cuscs
Mountains, Little Incidents Among Big....

MRRP NAPERTE NE Scr nS ss Lawes ive oa censeRsisescavecucs we sedan casey os vent tvsecee oko sts Stag apnea tee maate eater eae V. Williains :
~ New Brunswick Guide’s Experience, A; Moose Before Breakfast pense “Morehouse
Newfoundland Banks Inexhaustible Food Resources Could Feed Great Britain
Nova Scotia Guides’ Association Meet
Nova Scotia, A eae ge ara in
Nova Scotia Outing, A of the Captain’s Hunt.

Nova Scotia Outing, A; 7 e of a Bluenose Trout Trip

; P > tainison Lake and River

- Nipigon Waters and Canoe Routes to the East ...........ccccesecccceceeececeeceeesseereeeee RRR EAD ON ee
UM IES SaSECN TTS WV AAS TOE EC ons ocd ace acen 05 ces cosy aaa cues ssastsiad ea caeevdoaccesscesdcvcsuseusodstunebdes iabensvierene C. Armstrong
= Nothing MisUy SOMCEINIEIEA OME 3 ii 55. sess csc ticsuit bec evvcnsoseLessecostengcsdeticavaocesesneqesuvscsceens cai uoseipenganete econ ete

é Oceanographers, With the
NRMP RESTA SSSU ED SAL SON Cot EN cog 25a ce const cad shen su on de nctcbe ouanvng te cRvate vitae voeesceedecesendueTovnsvesasezebeaderdeiiPee

NRC AIIN St EEN eg ec cenoee Sas ac Seon aa senapuwa cu nuanvnenecsedntauagasacorversesceascsuaesescuasuspareRissetrunstostantt
= Ontario Game Laws, New Amendments to the «.........03.....:scssseceseeseecseenesesssecescecscencceseensaetes
Ontario, Moose in Northern .................... ae 104951 n
_ Ornithological Work, Suggestions for (eae be
Outings with the Ouifitters es 370
(VERT 7 UTED Coie, es less ee nn Cee een Sp a ae rene 474
October Morning on the Lake and in the Woods, Am..u...............ccsceesesssseeeeeentnteeeecesennneeeennt 629
P P at
‘Packing, De RY ee ae te gare as ve anv gaw av ancaiiavannaddasoids vegan ac¥esanseaveaetneeeaee Geo. H. Sarver 982
@@addie and Portage from Severn Falls to Port McNicholl, By ....................:ssssesessseesssetssscvenvesuvaseaneassecmne 5. LG aaa
pest SHOOtINe. tf 1 INCOMN! COUNTY, “OMCATIO. .ciscc. cas succncsseneseecccvesseeovsacecenevascusssccasoucutdqueeaeebeasoonteaney Jas. S. Culp 493
NEEL SAE LEY ass as sc oa cea eT veep oa TET vans ccgavaeccucevecececenedstuseesservebvecensceusegst¥en H.C. Haddon 829 ~
I tc Na sete ras a era EN Sie anon denn nse vatcnstacoedowgeeneraseinagulceomerdgaees Bill Riverside 864
Port Elgin Hunt Club, The 1915 Outing of the: Successful Deer Hunt In Northern Ontario C. A. Philps 730°
Rppeeteate EAT EAE GOSSIP) PEON) INOWEHGE os5cocesactunsetergersnsteteser crers-=0+ cvs =eecenecoevadecrsves dobeteoneyasessansavedsnkenearteeeeey ata vc OLS.
tes Quebec, With Dad in the Forests of Northern.......... Pe Roc nccuscopsovackaac] agaacectgumeset aeueet nec eRe Leo Vaesen 362 ©
ie R ,
ee a, TLE SETS SS roe ei ie oe Cloa A. Parker-Fuller _ 676
». Remorse of Pierre le Duc, The............ Fs asst er og ec Se cose 5a ee ere Stewart K. Arnott 1208
i Simm asia ce OPN ANU ELS Es CeSTRUTON eg Onan ieee ce te Pact reg taey ch acons SeceemE nr ee aie sce ore cesconsonessenseseonsaseasenumsdeongee Bill Riverside 610
x ; s
ES Stoctuary Plan Will BRUNE Eee NW EEN ee re arte Sc acre conven vn sncsennsa ves ucuaedes idesaa cents oaeaeaebanees E. R. Kerr 146
a Bere pohewan, Changes in id Game haw Of a ee ee ct voxtens 198
BEN MOS OGRE LO) CAA CIAN 20-25, ccocace-onnssn-vpnenenseeescosacrersannscnnndestonecnsnesestsctssoesececcoceconeceeneseviessadssensdunmeneearnavesy Pate A 200
ig re ESA INN a = oa nea cre ne RRR ac Sanat ene ae aga aces co SontsteecevsevaTvesoosencttessaceseaem F. V. Williams 133
EMSRS U SEN NERY T =) Lio a fon aoc « ins «cx sn oes ccan scan et cede tases so cacteenee ne no as oSOOdpO STEVE ats sdeeeeackeceecesseecondontbaes Paul A. W. Wallace 360
Shooting Snipe Pe pa ate RP rE, Pak Ce cee ices soa sb enesndesuactiecsascuchen ee seeoeel BoC. Tillett32 20
Beeeotoeman tiares and Other Pur Rabbits, Black .co oi. ....c.ctsctsc--...sceeccesctesesessnesssosssseusnecee ies es eee Ys ee ee 1218
NR EEAE SET EPL TNE SEA OSE CE 9 IN. 0n 2225 oo suas < ooo wn gets ooeae ten ee cn age ceacee Nets ov akanenacersncevoseeceeousseccvactsvaueocsonsecsesunessbead tnmsencs saa Eoreeaate ten
SURES VES eg ene aE 1.9 ae re Perey J. S. Hicks 06
rE et ATE CPE be re a Mat PREM. 5 a candace uvansaceselandeti¥cousuasbanreoscen there F. V. Williams 833
EMM SSEN REN 255 oso IN 3 sce Nh as. rau oh aac aay ate PRRs nav 3 ba sets e cv onde saga suns's sede ckys sce coadeshucatneus a ieeee pene 735
Sapam TL} AC) EPLEFITS TGC OE NYT oop oe ca coe oe = shan cov aeve crete ttacenssar ss enes0ecaeesconseccbans+véssesesedeneenrenkeaeier bee RiJ.-Praser> 2200
ae RURMPTC DEO TA TSU te Bers Rec od ee artes Capel tos em eee MURS oc cao soc na suheadcocccis Wsbucsusied cqahetetecuesuaeetn Fesco T. Ford 1146

. A. McKinnon 1083
whe Jo Praser2 ot
_ R. Bocking 1215
: E. J. McVeigh 485
--Tenderfoot Lost in the Woods of Cloud’s Bay, Port Arthur. "Sara Stafford 141
peeein Dea ASIA Noa TI See, Slee a BNC ecg ee IIe Scene SRE Mee EL TOSS Sais av ud Kot ans scsaheacn Govanes dente te manntewceeeaneecs Sores saan eeeeamee 1071
Terror that Passeth by, LS VEL Sed 6) Cece Pea Se tO tS Se ot a ee fee nS Sinan Hanavensile Dale 1305
Bemciermor te Lindson’s Bay Co.; John Oss... .ccsccscicccassaccctetvectssa+.ge-easecesscBoscseessevessesavevesenedecsactinee Ralph Harris 381
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‘oot Among the Feerields: Hunting the Sh UR op or a alt ROR eee ee Eee Bonnycastle Dale 709

RUA RCE SEEXI EU STC VISE yo, Crest et eaten os Sc Melas ese ceh ak acts seecdsosaceseieta/ieisctsososeonstecessssecssessesesescedescorecatepech aieantuapiaaaietlaae 750

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P. W. Parkinson 1081 a

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Geieind Im Cape Breton.......cc.ssssecsssessssenssecennerensenesennsneesscsnssessnanecsssesensensensencansansnnennconsangenceasantony F. W. Baldwin 139 ~ —

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selling stock.

Pas 7,7 .45.7 4" Gee

EXCHANGE DEPT.

ACCESSORIES

FOR SALE—Set of Electric automobile lamps, two side
and one tail. Never beenused. Box L, ROD AND GUN,
Woodstock, Ontario. TF

FOR SALE—The “GOLD MEDAL” CAMP COOK-
ING OUTFIT, 50 pieces, new, listed $11.00 at BARGAIN
if sold now. E.R. Whitney, 1521 Columbus Rd., Cleve-
land, Ohio. 4-5T

ANTIQUE FIREARMS.

Buy, sell, exchange all sorts old-time and modern Fire-
arms, Stephen Van Rensselaer, Antiques, 805 Madison
Avenue, New York. 6-14T

BUSINESS OPPQRTUNITY

ee a ee ee
@aFREE FOR SIX MONTHS—My special offer to intro-
uce my magazine, “‘Investing for Profit.” It is worth
$10 a copy.to any one who has not acquired sufficient
money to provide necessities and comforts for. self and
loved ones. It shows how to become richer quickly an
honestly. Investing for Profit is the only progressive
financial journal and has the largest circulation in Am-
erica. It shows how $100 grows to $2,200; write now and
I'll send it six months free. H. L. Barber, 606-20 W.
Jackson Boulevard, Chicago. 4-12T

BIRDS AND ANIMALS

FOR SALE—Best quality’ ranch raised
Canada wild geese.
Edward Island.

WILD ANIMALS—Correspondence solicited .with
Parties interested in Fox Ranching or in purchasing or
Blake Vanatter, Georgetown, Ont. J.tf

LIVE BEAR CUBS WANTED—20 baby bear cubs,
$10.00 each. Two male and one female lynx $15.00 each,
Sandbill cranes $15.00 each, Wolverine $25.00 each, three
fisher $15.00 each. Crates and Tags furnished. Portage
Wild Animal Co., Portage La Prairie, Man. 4-2T

mink, also
Nelson Waldron, Tyne Valley, roe

PHEASANTS AND GAME BIRDS.

RAISE PHEASANTS FOR US.—We pay you big prices
and furnish breeding stock cheap. More profitable than
poultry. Eggsssellfortwenty to fifty dollars a hundred.
Contract, complete information and price lists 10 ‘cents.
Animals and birds of all kinds for sale. Horne’s Zoological
Arena Co., Desk 22, Kansas City, Mo. Ly

DOGS.

HIGH CLASS PEDIGREED English Beagles, all
ages. None better. Also five ferrets. 3c stamp for
reply. L. Murray, Harrow, Ont. 2-2T

. TRAINED HOUNDS—Norwegian bearhounds
Irish wolf hounds, Blood hounds, Foxhounds,
Deer, Cat, Wolf and Coon dogs. Absolute guar-
antee, trial allowed, purchaser alone to judge,
no questions asked, money refunded. Fifty-page
illustrated catalogue five-cent stamp. Rook-
wood Kennels, Lexington, Ky.

CANUCK KENNELS—Lindsay, Ont., have for Sale
a few Airedales, Puppies, from eens stock. Also at
Stud an imported (Eng.) Black Pom., by the great Mal-
wood Marco. 7 5-1T

ee ee et 1 a ee
CAERPHILLY AIREDALE KENNELS-—Ridgetown,

Ont., have some extra good prospects in dog and bitch
uppies, out of imported bitches by. the noted stud
dog, Crack Performer.==Write for particulars. 5-1

ag

FOR SALE, WANT AND

inserted in this Department _
at 4c. a word. Send re-
mittance with order. Copy
should not be later than
the 10th of the month. |

BOOK ON

DOG DISEASES
And How to Feed

uy Mailed free to any address by
America’s the Author

Pioneer H. CLAY GLOVER CO., Inc.
Dog Remedies } 118 West 31st Street, New York

The Blue Grass Farm Kennels of Berry, Ky., offer for
sale setters and pointers, fox and cat hounds, wolf and dee:
hounds, coon and opossum hounds, varmint and rabbit
hounds, bear and lon hounds. Also Airedale terriers.
All dogs shipped on trial, purchaser alone to judge the
uality. Satisfaction guaranteed, or money refunded.
36 page illustrated, instructive and interesting catalogue for

ten cents in stamps or coin.

FOR SALE—Splendid Llewellin, English, Irish, Gordon
setter pups and traine! dogs, pointers, spaniels and re-—
trievers in pups and trained dogs. Enclose stamp fo
description. Thoroughbred Kennels, Atlantic, Iowa. j

FOR SALE—West Highland White Terrier“ puppies
from.best full pedigreed imported stock. F. B. Arnaud, ©
Annapolis Royal, N.S. 4-2T

BEAGLE PUPS FOR SALE—The right kind, the kind
that will hunt. Ready to ship end of April. Nice age to
start working this fall. Only a few left. J. M E.S aw,
Forest, Ont. 4-2T

THE HOMESTEAD KENNELS, GREENWOOD,
MISS.—Have for Sale_ Trained Hounds, for Fox, and
Cat, Wolf and Deer, Coon and Oppossum and Skur
Squirrels and Rabbits, good as live. Fine lot of you
dogs. Trained dogs sent on 15 days trial. - 10 cents
for illustrated catalog. |

FOX TERRIERS.—Smooth and wire-haired some gran
young brood bitches, also puppies, both sexes. Bred from
winners. Prices from $15 to $25 each. Particulars fro m
Chas. L. Mewburn, 65. Markland St., Hamilton, one

FOR SALE.—Thke winning Airedale bitch—Danby
Graceful—regis-ered. Sire champion Grayston Groy

Guaranteed sure breeder and good mother. Will ac
$50. Particulars from Chas. L. Mewburn, 65 Mark
St., Hamilton, Ont. hrf

FOR SALE.—An extra nice litter of Beagle pups b
Bandit R. out of Frontier Flash, ready to. ship now. :
sire and dam of these pups are registered. R. A. Rie
son, Chatham, Ont. ts

FOR SALE.—Six Airedale dog puppies. Sire, Pal
Senator, grandson of Ch. Caerphilly Performer,
Dufferin Flossie by Ch. King Noobler’s Double.
Al. Sefton, 6 Howard Ave., Windsor, Ont.

USE PERFECTION DOG FOOD AT OUR EXPEN!

Send $3.50 for 100 pounds, use 25 per cent and ii
the best you ever used, send it back; your mon
be refunded and we will pay the return freight. C
ready to feed: a perfectly balanced ration—feed
structions sent with each shipment.

Order to-day.

PERFECTION DOG FOOD 0., Dept.M,165GladstoneAve

Michigan. Factory. Ba

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA

ow

to 30 ft: length.

ENGINES AND LAUNCHES.

~ » FOR SALE—Marine Engines, two cycle, two, three and
_ four cylinder, also 2 cylinder 4 cycle.

All new. Write for
further particulars stating horse power required, to aa

ROD D GUN, Woodstock, Ont.

FOR SALE—23 ft. Semi-speed launch, beam 4 feet
3 inches, finished ready for engine. This is a new launch,
now ready for delivery. For further particulars, etc.,
write Box F. Rod and Gun, Woodstock, Ont. tf

FOR-SALE—Semi Speed Square, or Round Transom
-and Compromise stern Hulls, finished ready for engine, up
New. ‘Will sell cheap.. Box A. Rod and
Gun in Canaia. Woodstock, Ont. TF

MOTOR BOATS.—Engines and canoes. Second hand
bargains. Ditchburn pleasure boats, Stavenh ite ce

GUNS

A BARGAIN IN SHOT GUNS

I have been able to get hold of a few
PERFECTLY NEW, THOROUGHLY
TESTED, TOBIN Double-barreled
Hammerless Shot Guns at a very low
price. Regular $35.00 grade I! can let
you have for $20.00, cash with the
order, or C, O. D. with privilege of
examination, = -:- -I- -i- -t-

W. H. MARTIN
SPORTING GOODS DEALER, - WOOLSTOCK, ONT.
- >

MARINE ENGINES

FOR SALE—One Bryant and Berry Propeller Wheel,
3 blade, 20 x 18, right hand, bore 1144 in. New, will sell
cheap. Box T., Rod and Gun, Woodstock, Ont. 4-T.F

OLD COINS WANTED
$2 te $599 EACH paid for hundreds of Coins.

and send 10c for New Illustrated
Coin Value Book, size 4x7. You
may have coins worth many dol-
lars. Get Posted. Clarke Coin Co., Box 134,
Leroy, N. Y. ‘ 2-3T

7 PROPERTY FOR SALE OR RENT.

Small Trout Preserve and Stream for Sale or Ren}?
at Ayr, Ont. Apply to A. C. Gillies, Ayr, Ont. 5-1T

All About Airedales

By R. M. Palmer

A Book of General Information

Valuable alike te dog lovers and owners,

breeders and fanciers. Illustrated from

selected photographs of noted dogs and

rare scenes. Interesting alike to the nov-

ice who is a fancier of other breeds than

the Airedale and of particular interest to
' the Airedale fancier.

Paper Bound $1; Cloth Bound $1.50

ROD AND GUN IN CANADA MAGAZINE

(Book Department), WOODSTOOK, ONT.

Keep all money dated before 1895 -

SPECIALS

FOR SALE—Choice lot of one-year-old speckled trout,
also speckled trout Fry. Write, O. J. Walker, Clear Brook
Trout Farm, Inglewood, Ont. “ 4-2T

FOR SALE*-Several Beers Thermostats. This/is an
automatic apparatus for opening and closing the dampers of

the moment when theygshould be opened or closed, thus

keeping the temperature of your house uniform throu

every hour of the day and night. Saves coal.~Saves worry.

These Thermostats can be installed by anyone who can

handle a hammer, screw driver and auger. Write for fur-

in particulars to Box L., ROD AND GUN, Weegee
nt.

FOR SALE—Finest speckled trout eggs, fry, fingerlings,
etc., at the private hatchery of Dr. A. R. Robinson, Silver
Creek, Caledon. Address A. R. Robinson, Claude. Ont.

Five twenty five per thousand.
Yellow bands five sixty. White, five seventy. Lessin lots,
five thousand or over. Also Western Automatic and
Expert traps. Nelson Long, 44 Mary St., Hamilton, om

Canadian Blackbirds.

e TAXIDERMY AND TANNING

FORTY YEARS MANUFACTURER GLASS EYES
FOR BIRDS AND ANIMALS. Save money. Send
to-day for my Taxidermist’s Supply Catalog No. 7. F.
Schumacher, 285 Halladay St., Jersey City, N. J. 12 6t

_FOR SALE—Moose Head, fine specimen excellent con-
paee- Apply Box L., ROB AND GUN, Weadstaes
nt. :

[The STERLING |

Detachable Row-Boat Motor

THE LIGHTEST MACHINE IN THE WORLD.

Dy, =

LS)

Designed specially
for those who re-
quire a light, power-
ful outfit, can be
attached to any
boat, either square
or pointed stern;
fully guaranteed.

Canadian Distributor:

Geo. A. Smith e

Box 1075 \- |
| MONTREAL, P. Q. : } o
a

~

your furnace, hot water heater, or steam boiler, at exactly |)

Ww

1424 ROD ANDEGUN IN GANADA

Cee 7 a
Mare h

Sr Se bite theo,
oe) aetna ,

6 c cy
7am
Price List-Express Prepaid
4 bottles Corby’s Special Selected Rye Whisky
1 gallon Corby’s Special Selected Rye Whisky A
1 case Corby’s Special Selected Rye Whisky (12 bottles). 11.00
4 bottles Corby’s Majestic Rye Whisky

1 gallon Corby’s Majestic Rye Whisky
1 case Corby’s Majestic Rye Whisky (12 bottles)

- Obtainable From Any First-class Liquor Dealer

If you cannot get it from your favorite liquor dealer, advise
us and we will attend to it for you.

Our Packages Are Plain—Without Advertising

One Bottle Special Offers

One bottle Corby’s Special Selected Rye Whisky

with trial bottle (Special Offer No. 1) $1.50 Bais O
One bottle Corby’s Majestic Rye Whisky (Special ee ne

ffer No. 3) :

These one-bottle lots are shipped by us only, but an ‘at IX G ll J
other package can be obtained from eur liquor Oe a on ar
dealer as well as from us. This is THE POPULAR
PACKAGE in the mail
order business and gives
you the most whisky for
your money. It is a glass
jar and has a handle as
shown in the picture,

When empty it is useful
for other purposes.

Our Offer No. 1 consists of a large bottle and a trial bottle
of our SPECIAL SELECTED WHISKY, both bottles being
sent to you in one package, express charges being paid, upon
receipt of $1.50. If you are not satisfied after trying the
sample bottle, return the large bottle at our expense, and we
will, without question, refund the full amount charged, $1.50.

These whiskies are manufactured at our

If you send your orders direct to us, we gua=
rantee to ship the goods the day the order
is received.

INSTRUCTIONS

Send us Express or Post Office Money Order
or Postal Note addressed to

H. Corby Distillery Company, Limited
669 Shaughnessy Bldg., Montreal

distillery at Corbyville, Ontario, where we
have been making whiskies for the past 58
years. Our plant, with a capacity of 17,000
gallons daily, is the largest in Canada and
is also recognized as the most modern ami
up-to-date.

The above prices apply only to the Pro-
vince of Ontario, points East of Detroit
and Lake Huron.

CORBY’S OF CORBYVILLE FOR
FIFTY-EIGHT YEARS

$235 >: *S

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University of Toronto
Biological Library

& Medical
Seriale

DO NOT
REMOVE
THE
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POCKET

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_ Under Pat, ‘‘Ref. Index File”
Made by LIBRARY BUREAU

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