THE LIBRARY

OF

THE UNIVERSITY
OF CALIFORNIA

PRESENTED BY

PROF. CHARLES A. KOFOID AND
MRS. PRUDENCE W. KOFOID

°

THE

BOOK OF ROSES;

OR,

ROSE FANCIER'S MANUAL.

THE

ROSE FANCIER'S
MANUAL;

BY

MRS. GORE.

" Come, and I will show you what is beautiful ; it is the
Rose fully blown ! "— BARBAULD.

LONDON :
HENRY COLBURN, PUBLISHER,

GREAT MARLBOROUGH STREET.

1838.

•

LONDON :

Printed by Maurice and Co., Howfbrd Buildings,
Fenchurch-street.

PREFACE.

IT is universally admitted, that since the es-
tablishment of the Horticultural Society, the
art of gardening has made greater progress in
England than in any European country. In a
few specific branches,and more particularly in
the culture of roses, France, however, still
maintains the pre-eminence ; and while receiv-
ing from England her finest specimens of the
dahlia, sends us in return an annual importa-
tion of roses. Standards, and even stocks for
grafting, form a regular article of commerce.

With a view to rendering our gardens inde-
pendent of these borrowed attractions, the fol-
lowing work upon the culture and propagation
of roses, as practised in France, has been put
together for the use ot the inexperienced Eng-
lish amateur : and, in order to make it practi-

vi PREFACE.

cally available, scientific terms have been as
far as possible laid aside, and the simplest
form of language adopted.

The superiority attained by the French in
the cultivation of roses, is usually attributed to
their advantages of climate, which can regard
only the atmosphere of the suburbs of London ;
for it is well known that the rose suffers from
much intensity of sun. It is asserted by emi-
nent French horticulturists, that though roses
are easier of propagation in France, they attain
their highest perfection in England ; the nur-
sery gardens of Tooting, Ingatestone, and above
all those of Rivers of Sawbridgworth, the first
rose-grower in England, are cited in Paris as
producing the finest roses in the world. The
superiority of soil, and the attention given by
our gardeners to the formation of artificial soils,
appear to counterbalance the disadvantage of
the humidity of the English atmosphere.

The real source of the eminence of the
French in the culture of roses, is the fact that
it absorbs the almost exclusive attention of
their horticulturists. The high price of fuel
places the cultivation of the tender exotics (by

PREFACE. Vll

which English amateurs are chiefly engrossed)
almost out of the question ; and as the French
adhere to the wise custom of repairing to their
country-seats in May, and quitting them in
December, their attention and money are ap-
propriated to the improvement of such plants
as adorn the flower-garden during the summer
season. They care little for any that cannot
be brought to perfection in the open air ; and
precisely the same motive which promotes the
cultivation of the dahlia in England, has brought
the rose to greater perfection in France. The
extent of importation is, however, a convincing
proof, that though the more opulent classes of
our countrymen are induced to pass the mid-
summer days of the rose-season in London, out
of sight of their beautiful flower-gardens, a
sufficient number of amateurs remain in the
country for the promotion of the interesting
branch of horticulture to which the following
pages are devoted.

The first impulse was given to the culture
of the rose in France at the commencement of
the present century, under the auspices of the
Empress Josephine ; who caused her own name

Viii PREFACE.

to be traced in the parterres at Malmaison
with a plantation of the rarest roses, at consi-
derable expense, by Dupont, the gardener and
founder of the celebrated collection attached
to the Luxembourg palace.

At the death of Dupont, Monsieur Hardy
succeeded to his office ; who, for twenty-five
years, has been making annual sowings of seed
obtained from all quarters of the globe, with
a view to the creation of varieties, and is
probably the most scientific rose-grower in
Europe. The Chamber of Peers, however, and
its grand referendary, by whom his services
are remunerated, have lately rendered the rose-
school of the Luxembourg-nursery secondary
to the school of vines, — a matter of important
national interest to the land-owners of France.
The original roses- of the Luxembourg, as well
as those of the royal nursery of Trianon, are not
purchasable ; but are given away to respect-
able applicants, or exchanged for other plants
with eminent nurserymen, by whom they are
propagated and dispersed. In thi way the
Rosa Hardii Berberifolia, obtained this year
by the accidental impregnation of that remark-

PREFACE. IX

able plant the Rosa Simplicifolia, or Mono-
phylla, by a Microphylla growing near it, has
fallen into the hands of Gels, by whom it will
be shortly placed in circulation.

This especial dedication of the Luxembourg
gardens to the cultivation of roses, has done
much towards their multiplication in France;
while the Jardin des Plantes, under the able
care of Neumann, as well as several provincial
botanical gardens, have taken part in the cause.
At Nantes, for instance, was produced a few
years ago, from the accidental impregnation of
a Macartney rose by a Rosa Indica Odorata,
the beautiful Maria Leonida, now in general
favour, which flowers in great perfection till
the commencement of winter ; while among
the Paris nurserymen remarkable as rose-
growers, Noisette has given his name to a most
beautiful and prolific variety, obtained in the
first instance at Charlestown in the United
States, by his brother Philip Noisette. Hav-
ing amassed a considerable fortune, the Noi-
settes no longer continue to raise roses from
seed ; and this branch of cultivation is engros-
sed at Paris by Laffay, a most enthusiastic and
A 3

X PREFACE.

intelligent gardener, and Vibert, who has writ-
ten some valuable treatises on the culture of
roses. Gels and Sisley-Vandael export largely
to England ; the latter excelling in the produc-
tion of the Rose The, or scented China rose.
Calvert and Prevost, of Rouen, also despatch
large collections to England ; and Sedy and
Planty, at Lyons, have obtained many curious
varieties. Boursault's celebrated collection
has fallen to decay ; while that of one of the
first growers who attained much distinction, —
Descemet, of St. Denis, was cut up by the
English troops in 1814; when the horticulturist,
unable to obtain indemnification from govern-
ment, proceeded to Russia, and re-established
himself with honour and success.

In the royal rosary at Versailles, standards
may be seen which have attained eighteen feet
in height, grafted with twenty different varie-
ties of rose. The same branch of rose-culture
is practised with great success at Brussels and
Diisseldorf. In the imperial gardens of Mon-
za, near Milan, thirty-nine varieties of China
rose have been obtained by the celebrated Vil-
laresi ; and Genoa, Marseilles, and Avignon,

PREFACE. XI

have added to the number. At Lyons, much
attention has been devoted to the culture of
roses ; and among other rarities now flourishing
in their gardens, they have that beautiful mini-
ature, the"Lawrancea, (which in England attains
a height of between two inches and half a foot,)
in bushes six feet high, retaining all its original
specific characters of inflorescence.

The numerous varieties of our native Scotch
rose are in high estimation on the continent, as
well as many others obtained in England;
such as the Smithia, a double yellow rose, ob-
tained by the gardener of Lady Liverpool ; the
George IV., obtained by Rivers, junior; the
Stanwell Perpetual, an accidental hybrid found
in Mrs. Lee's garden at Stanwell ; and many
varieties of moss roses, the greater number of
which beautiful family were obtained in Eng-
land. The China or Bengal rose, sent to the
Botanical garden at Kew about the year 1780
from Canton, by a botanist named Ker, did not
reach France till the year 1800. The Rosa
Banksise, and that singular rose the Microphylla,
both natives of China, also reached the conti-
nent by means of the botanists of England.

Xll PREFACE.

It is a remarkable fact, by the way, tha,t the
Macrophylla, which, being full, does not bear
seed, was obtained last year from a sowing of
common Bengal roses by Monsieur Hardy.

There is not, in fact, a more perplexing or
more amusing branch of horticulture, than that
of sowing with a view to the production of new
varieties. Every season affords valuable ac-
quisitions, and at the annual epoch of flower-
ing, the excitement of the enthusiastic rose-
grower is at its height. Laffay, for instance,
has this season obtained a vigorous and very
thorny variety of Rosa Banksiae ; which, should
it fulfil his expectations by producing, next
summer, flowers of a vivid pink, will afford a
highly valuable addition to theBanksian tribe.

In addition to the interest excited by his
seedlings, the attention of the rose-grower is
eagerly directed to the accidental varieties pro-
duced by what is called "a sport," or branch
losing the habit of the plant on which it grows,
and assuming new specific characters. In this
way the Bath Moss Rose, or Mossy Unique, was
originated at Clifton ; and the beautiful Rosa
Cristata in Switzerland. The Rose Unique was

PREFACE. Xlll

discovered, at the commencement of the pre-
sent century, in a cottager's garden among a
plantation of roses of the Hundred-leaved, or
Cabbage kind, which is peculiarly subject to
sports, either from the excessive vigour or im-
perfect vegetation of the subject. The mossy
Rose de Meaux, or Pompon Mousseux, was
discovered five-and-twenty years ago in the
garden of an old lady in the west of England,
of whom it was purchased by a nurseryman for
five guineas, — certainly a sport, as the Rose de
Meaux is known never to bear seed in England.
The Ayrshire roses were chiefly obtained from
seed at Dundee, in Scotland. Brown's Superb
Blush was raised at Slough near Windsor; a
seedling of the Rosa Indica Odorata, and the
Yellow Sweetbriar, at Pitmaston, by Mr. Wil-
liams. To enter into the origin of even the
finer modern varieties would, however, be an
endless task.

A resident on the continent, I can judge only
by report, of the daily multiplying rosaries of
England ; of which the finest are said to be
that of the Horticultural Society, formed by
Professor Lindley, and of the Duke of Devon-

XIV PREFACE.

shire, formed by Mr. Paxton. Mr. Sabine,
whose valuable treatises on the rose are well
known, founded some years ago a valuable
collection at North Minims; and one of the

,v

earliest and most interesting made in Eng-
land, was that of the illustrious Charles James
Fox, at St. Anne's Hill.

The best nursery-rosaries are those of Messrs.
Rivers of Sawbridgworth, whose collection
includes both French and English ; and of
Messrs. Loddige at Hackney, who cultivate
two thousand five hundred varieties. Messrs.
Lee and Kennedy were formerly of high repute
as rose-growers ; and Messrs. Henderson of
Kilburn are supposed to produce the most
extensive choice of forced spring roses to be
found in the neighbourhood of London.

The Luxembourg school excludes all but
eighteen hundred varieties of the rose ; but
most rose-growers are of opinion that not more
than twelve hundred are worthy of cultivation

The main object of the annexed work, is to
render every amateur a rose-giower. The cul-
ture of roses, which has increased prodigiously
in England within the last few years, may still

PREFACE. XV

obtain considerable advancement. In France,
new varieties are brought into rapid circulation
at a very low price, solely by the diligence of
gardeners ; Vandael of Vangirard, for instance,
produces annually from slips, in a very small
forcing-hou^e, fifty thousand plants of fine vari-
eties. In England, a new rose remains for years
a rarity. Our cottage and farm gardens ad-
here almost exclusively to the Cabbage Rose,
Damask, and Maiden's Blush; although the
beautiful novelties of France (such as the
Maria Leonida and Macrophylla Plena) may
be purchased in France for about the value of
sixpence. This difference is, probably, in some
measure attributable to advantages of climate.

C. F. G.

CONTENTS.

PART I.

Geography of Roses 1

Culture of Roses 18

Glossology of Roses 36

Hybridity 49

Importance of Specific Characters .... 52

Comparison of Specific Characters . . . . 61

On Species 63

Distinction of Species and Variety .... 64

Bibliography of the Rose 70

Pharmacopoeia of Roses * 74

PART II.

HOLOGRAPHY OF THE ROSE.

SPECIES I. . . Rosa Simplicifolia . . 81

SPECIES II. . . Rosa Lutea 8*2

SPECIES III. . . Rosa Mutabilis : —

1st Tribe. 1. Rosa Ferox 86

2. Rosa Rugosa .... 87

3. Rosa Kamschatica . ib.

xviii CONTENTS.

Page.

2nd Tribe. 1. Rosa Bracteata . ... 89

2. Rosa Involucrata . . 91

3. Rosa Lyellii .... 92

4. Rosa Microphylla . . ib.

5. Rosa Clynophylla . . 93
3rd Tribe. 1 . Rosa Cinnamomea ... 94

2. Rosa Majalis .... 97

3. Rosa Fraxinifolia ... 98

4. Rosa Blanda . . . .100

5. Rosa Carolina . . . .101

6. Rosa Woodsii . . . .105

7. Rosa Parvifolia . . .106

8. Rosa Nitida . . . . 108

9. RosaRapa 109

10. Rosa Lucida . . . .114

11. Rosa Laxa 116

4th Tribe. Rosa Macrophylla . .117
5th Tribe. 1. Rosa Alpina . . . .118

2. Rosa Sabini . . . .127

6th Tribe. Rosa Spinosissima . .128

1. Rosa Lutescens. . . .129

2. Rosa Rubella . . . .130

3. Rosa Acicularis . . .132

4. Rosa Myriacantha . . .150

5. Rosa Involuta . . . .151
7th Tribe. Rosa Centifolia . . .152

1. Rosa Damascena . . .153

2. Rosa Turbinata . 165

7th Tribe.

8th Tribe.

9th Tribe.

10th Tribe.

llth Tribe.

12th Tribe.

CONTENTS.

XIX

3. Rosa Belgica . . .
4. Rosa Centifolia

Page.

. 167
. 177

5. Rosa Provincialis .

. 194

1. Rosa Villosa . . .

. 256

2. Rosa Tomentosa . .

. 260

3. Rosa Spinulafolia .
4. Rosa Alba ....

. 262
263

5. Rosa Evratina . . .

. 276

6. Rosa Hibernica

. 277

1. Rosa Rubiginosa .
2. Rosa Pulverulenta

. ib,
. 289

3. Rosa Glutinosa . .

. 290

1. Rosa Canina . . .

. 291

2. Rosa Rubrifolia

. 298

3. Rosa Sericea

. 299

4. Rosa Indica . .

. 300

1. Rosa Systyla . . .
2. Rosa Arvensis . .

. 380
. 381

3. Rosa Sempervirens
4. Rosa Multiflora

. 385

. 389

5. Rosa Brimonii . .

. 392

6. Rosa Setigera . .
1. Rosa Trifoliata . . .

. 393
. 394

2. Rosa Hystrix . . .
3. Rosa Banksiae . . .

. 396
. 397

Ast of Species sanctioned

by
. 399

XX CONTENTS.

APPENDIX : — Page.

List of the finest English roses 409

French roses of Laffay 411

Cels . . , 412

Joly 413

„ „ Vibert il.

Index to Varieties and Sub- Varieties . .415

THE BOOK OF ROSES,

GEOGRAPHY OF ROSES.

CERTAIN authors affect to assign a native
country to the rose ; selecting the provinces
of Georgia and Circassia, celebrated for the
production of the most beautiful of the human
race, as the birth-place of this exquisite shrub.
This appears to be a superfluous limitation.
Wherever useful vegetables are found for the
nourishment of mankind, ornamental plants
are intermingled ; as if Providence, while pro-
viding for our wants, deigned to administer to
our pleasures. The corn-fields of Europe are
variegated with the blossoms of the scarlet
poppy and blue corn-flower : the bright corn-
flag and fragrant amaryllis exhibit their bril-
liant colours among the maize-fields of Africa :
the marsh-rose and water-lily display their
rich bloom upon the streams of India and
Egypt ; while the scented vanilla-vine overruns

2 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

those thickets of the West, where spring the
yucca and cassava roots. On all sides, bene-
ficent nature has combined the useful with the
ornamental in the distribution of her vegetable
kingdom.

But the rose, the object of her especial
predilection, is scattered every where ; and if
still undiscovered among the wilds of South
America, it is probable that botanists have
not penetrated into those mountainous recesses,
where the favourite flower doubtless unfolds
her fragrance.

It has been asserted, that the rose flourishes
only between the 20° and 70° of latitude ; a
theory disproved by the existence of the rose
of Montezuma, the Abyssinian rose, and seve-
ral other varieties.

Various countries possess their specific species
of rose, unknown elsewhere, unless by trans-
plantation. Of these, some extend their growth
to a province, some to a smaller space of terri-
tory ; some even restrict themselves to a single
mountain or solitary rock. The Rosa Pollini-
ana is peculiar to Mount Baldo, in Italy; the
Rosa Lyonii to Tenessee, in North America ;
while the Rosa arvensis, or field rose, is to be
found in all the countries of Europe ; and the
Rosa canina, or dog rose, in Europe, as well
as a considerable portion of Asia and America.
To proceed to a consideration of the more

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 3

beautiful kinds indigenous in specific countries,
we will commence with North America ; where,
in the glaciers of the most northerly provinces,
grows the Rosa blanda, which unfolds its bright
pink corolla, always solitary on the stem, im-
mediately on the melting of the snows. This
shrub is peculiar to the frozen deserts between
70° and 75° N. latitude. Within the polar cir-
cle, on the shores of the Hudson, is found the
Rosa rapa, or Hudsoniana, covered during spring
with clusters of double flowers, of a pale colour.
Newfoundland and Labrador possess, in addi-
tion to the two species above named, the Rosa
fraxinifolia, or ash-leafed rose, a small red
blossom with heart-shaped petals ; the Rosa
nitida, the small cup-shaped, deep-red flowers
and fruit of which abound under the stunted
shrubs dispersed over the coasts. The Esqui-
maux are fond of decorating their hair, and the
seal-skins and skins of rein-deer in which they
are clothed, with these beautiful blossoms.

The United States, and adjacent Indian set-
tlements, possess a great variety of roses, of
which a few striking species may be enume-
rated. In the marshes of Carolina grows the
Rosa lucida, the bright clusters of which rise
above the reeds and rushes ; beside the waves
of the Missouri, the Rosa Woodsii; and in the
adjoining marshes, the Rosa Carolina, and
Rosa Evratina, whose double-flowers, of a pale

B 2

THE BOOK OF ROSES.

pink, perish if transplanted to garden-ground
from the marshy banks of the rivulets of Vir-
ginia, of which the shrub is a native.

Quitting the borders of streams and marshy
savannahs, we find in the forests and stony
districts the Rosa diffusa, of which the pink
flowers blossom in pairs early in the summer.
On the rising grounds of Pennsylvania, grows
the Rosa parviflora, a diminutive shrub, of
which the small, half-blown, elegant double-
flowers, slightly tinged with the most delicate
pink, constitute one of the most beautiful
species of North America, but extremely diffi-
cult of culture and propagation. On the out-
skirts of the Pennsylvanian forests, grows the
Rosa stricta, with flowers of a pale red ; the
Rosa rubifolia, the flowers small, pale red, and
flowering in clusters of three ; and, in South
Carolina, the Rosa setigera, the petals of
whose red blossoms are shaped like a reversed
heart. The Creoles of Georgia adorn their hair
with the large white blossoms of the Rosa
Icevigata, a climbing plant, whose long tendrils
are found interlaced among the most majestic
forest trees.

The last rose adorning the Flora of America,
is the Rosa Montezumce ; sweet scented, of a
pale pink, solitary, and thornless. This shrub
abounds on the most elevated heights of Cerro
Ventoso, near San Pedro, in Mexico, where it

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 5

was discovered by Messieurs Humboldt and
Bonpland. The town of San Pedro is situated
in 19° of latitude ; in direct refutation of those
botanists who pretend that roses are *not to be
found under 20°. But the Montezuma is not
the only JVIexican rose. History attests that
roses were abundant in the province at the
Spanish conquest; witness the apostrophe of
the Emperor Guatimozin to his favourite mi-
nister, when extended on beds of burning coal,
intended by the conquerors to torture them
into the discovery of their hidden treasures.

But though the species already cited are
the only ones we are at present authorized to
attribute to America, it is probable that more
will be discovered ; the greatest variety of
roses being assigned by botanists to such coun-
tries as have been most minutely herborized.
The insufficiency of our researches is probably
the only cause that so large a portion of the
American continent is held to be unproductive
of roses. It seems unlikely, indeed, that France
should possess twenty-four species of native
roses, and the whole continent of North and
South America only fourteen ; nor is it to be
credited that the rose-tree ceases to flourish
within the twentieth degree of latitude, when
we remember that we are indebted to Mr. Salt
for the discovery of a strongly characterized
species in Abyssinia, at 10° of latitude.

O THE BOOK OP ROSES.

It is a curious fact, that all the roses of
America, with the exception of the Montezuma
and stricta, might be classed under the same
species as the European Cinnamon rose.

Asia has to boast a greater variety of species
of the rose than the rest of the earth united;
thirty-nine that admit of accurate definition
having been already established. Of these,
the vast empire of China, where both agri-
culture and horticulture are arts in high esti-
mation, has a claim to fifteen.

First, the Rosa semperflorens, the leaves of
which have sometimes three leaflets, some-
times only one ; whose flowers are scentless, of
a pale dull pink, producing a pleasing effect
when half-blown. The Rosa sinensis, con-
founded by some botanists with the preceding,
but blowing at all seasons, of a far more
brilliant colour. The Rosa Lawranceana is a
beautiful little shrub, from three to five inches
in height, but unlike most dwarfs, whether of
the vegetable or animal creation, perfect in
symmetry and proportion. The Rosa multi-
flora attains, on the contrary, a growth of
fifteen or sixteen feet ; having small, double,
pale-pink blossoms, united on a single stem,
so as to form beautiful bouquets on the tree.
The Rosa Banksice extends its flexile branches
over rocks and hillocks, bearing a profusion of
small, very-double, yellowish white flowers,

THE BOOK OF ROSES.

remarkable for their violet-scented fragrance.
The Rosa microphylla is a favourite garden-
shrub of the Chinese, under the name of Hai-
tong-hong; having small, double, pale-pink
flowers, and a foliage of peculiar delicacy.

Cochin-China, situated between the tenth
and twentieth degrees of latitude, possesses
all the roses of China, and, in addition, several
indigenous species ; among others, the Rosa
alba, found also in Piedmont, in France, and
various other parts of Europe, and the Rosa
spinosissima, bearing flesh-coloured flowers.
Japan, between the thirtieth and fortieth de-
grees of latitude, has all the roses of China ;
besides a peculiar species, the Rosa rugosa,
the solitary flower of which bears some resem-
blance to the Kamschatkan rose.

The southern provinces of Asia, comprehend-
ing those of India, offer many curious species
to our observation. The north of Hindostan
possesses six ; two of which are also found in
China, and two in Nepaul. The Rosa Lyellii,
which bears transplantation to our own climate,
and is remarkable for the profusion of its milk-
white flowers during the greater part of the
summer ; and the Rosa Brunonii, whose petals
are of the same snowy whiteness, rank high
among the roses of India. In approaching the
southern provinces, we find the Rosa macro-
phylla somewhat resembling the Alpine roses

8 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

of Europe ; the flowers whitish, but streaked
with pink towards the extremity of the petals ;
the Rosa sericea, of which the surface of the
leaflets has a satin texture, and the flowers are
solitary and drooping.

The parched shores of the Gulf of Bengal
are covered, during the spring, with a beauti-
ful white rose found also in China and Nepaul.
The flowers of the Rosa involucrata are white,
solitary, surrounded with a collar of three or
four leaves, out of which they seem to emerge ;
while in vast thickets of the beautiful Rosa
semper flor ens j (a native also of China,) the
tigers of Bengal and crocodiles of the Ganges
are known to lie in wait for their prey.

In the gardens of Kandahar, Samarcand,
and Ispahan, the Rosa arbor ea is cultivated in
great profusion by the Persians. This shrub,
which attains a considerable size, is covered
during the spring with an abundance of white
and scented blossoms. The Rosa berberifolia
is also common in these provinces. This shrub,
differing so completely from every other species
of rose that botanists experience some hesi-
tation in classing it among the number, has
simple single leaves, and yellow star-shaped
flowers, variegated like a cistus at the base with
spots of deep crimson. The Rosa Damascena,
transported to Europe from Damascus by
the Crusaders, affording to our gardens an

THE BOOK OP ROSES.

infinite number of beautiful varieties, adorns
the sandy deserts of Syria with its sweet and
brightly-tinted flowers. At the extremity of
Asia, towards Constantinople, the Rosa sul-
phurea displays its very-double flowers of a
brilliant yellow.

The ndrth-west of Asia, which has been
signalized as the father-land of the rose-tree,
introduces to our admiration the Rosa centifo-
lia, the most esteemed of all, and celebrated
by poets of every age and country, with which
the fair Georgians and Circassians adorn their
persons. The Rosa ferox mingles its large red
blossoms and thorny branches with those of
the Hundred-leaved ; and the Rosa pulveru-
lenta is also observed on the peak of Narzana,
one of the Caucasian chain.

In the north of Asia, Siberia boasts the Rosa
grandiflora, of which the corolla bears the form
of an antique cup; the Rosa Caucasea, the
fruit of which is of a pulpy substance ; and,
still adjoining the Caucasian provinces, we find
a yellowish variety of the Caucasea, of a dingy,
unattractive appearance. Advancing towards
the Frozen Ocean, and beyond the Ural Moun-
tains, grows the Rosa rubella, of which the
petals are sometimes of a deep crimson, but
often pale and colourless as the surrounding
country. Still further north, flourishes the
Rosa acicularis, bearing solitary flowers of a

10 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

pale red. Ten or twelve other species grow
in the Russian provinces of northern Asia;
in particular, the Rosa Kamschatica, bearing
solitary flowers of a pinkish white.

In Africa, on the borders of the vast desert
of Sahara, and more especially in the plains
towards Tunis, is found the Rosa moschata,
whose tufts of white roses give out a musky
exhalation. This charming species is also to
be found in Egypt, Morocco, Mogadore, and
the Island of Madeira. In Egypt, too, grows
the Rosa canina, or dog rose, so common
throughout Europe. In Abyssinia, we find an
evergreen rose-tree with pink blossoms, which
bears the name of the country, as the Rosa
Abyssinica. Other species are, doubtless, to
be found in the unexplored countries of Africa.

In Europe, commencing to the north-west
with Iceland, (so infertile in vegetation, that in
some parts the natives are compelled to feed
their horses, sheep, and oxen on dried fish,)
we find the Rosa rubiginosa, with pale, solitary,
cup-shaped flowers. In Lapland, blooming
almost under the snows of that severe climate,
grows the Rosa Maialis, small, sweet, and of
a brilliant colour; and the same beautiful
species, as if in enlivenment of the cheerless
rudeness of the climate, is to be found in Nor-
way, Denmark, and Sweden. In Lapland, too,
under shelter of the scrubby evergreens among

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 11

which the natives seek mosses and lichens for
the nourishment of their rein-deer, they find the
Rosa rubella, already mentioned, the flowers
of which are sometimes of a deep red colour.

The Rosa rubiginosa, the pale flowers of
which grow in clusters of two or three; the
May ros^ the Cinnamon rose, the small pale-
red flowers of which are sometimes single,
sometimes double ; as well as several other
hardy species, may be found in all the coun-
tries of northern Europe.

Six species are indigenous in England. The
Rosa involuta exhibits its dark foliage and
large white or red flowers amid the forests
of North Britain, the leaves of which, when
rubbed, giving out a smell of turpentine, as
if derived from the pine-trees among which
the shrub takes root. In the same neighbour-
hood, is found the Rosa Sabini, the Rosa villosa,
the flowers sometimes white, sometimes crim-
son, blowing in pairs ; and the Rosa canina.

The environs of Belfast produce an insig-
nificant shrub, known as the Rosa Hibernica,
for the discovery of which Mr. Templeton
received a premium of fifty guineas from the
Botanical Society of Dublin, as being a new
indigenous plant; though since discovered to
become the Rosa spinosissima in poor soils,
and the Rosa canina in loamy land.

Germany, though unproductive in rose-trees,

12 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

boasts of several highly curious species. Among
others, the Rosa turbinata, of which the very-
double flowers spring from an ovary in the
form of a crest ; and the Rosa arvensis, with
large flowers, red and double, in a state of
cultivation.

The Swiss mountains, and the Alpine chain
in general, are rich in native roses. Besides
the Field rose, just mentioned, they have the
Rosa Alpina, an elegant shrub, with red
solitary flowers, furnishing many varieties in
cultivation ; the Rosa spinulifolia, having pale
pink flowers of moderate size, with thorny
leaflets that exhale a scent of turpentine. It
is remarkable that two mountain roses, the
Swiss spinulifolia, and the Scottish Rosa
involuta, should be thus alike characterized by
the smell of turpentine. There remains to be
cited among Alpine roses, the Rosa rubrifolia,
of which the red-tinted stems and leaves, as
well as the pretty little blossoms of a deep
crimson, form an agreeable variety to the ver-
dure of the surrounding foliage.

In the eastern and southern countries of
Europe, rose-trees abound ; of which a consider-
able number remain to be examined and classed.
The Crimea, for instance, is not acknowledged
to afford a single species, though travellers
describe the country as very productive in roses.
fn Greece and Sicily we find the Rosa glutinosa.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 13

of which the leaflets produce a viscous matter:
the flowers being small, solitary, and of a pale
red. Italy and Spain have several distinct
species ; among others, the Rosa Polliniana,
with fine, large, purple flowers, growing in
clusters of two or three, and found in the neigh-
bourhood #f Verona. The Rosa moschata and
Rosa Hispanica flourish in Spain ; the latter
being at present excluded from the species
established by Lindley. The flowers, of a light
pink colour, appear in May. The Rosa sem-
pervirens, common in the Balearic Islands,
grows spontaneously throughout the south of
Europe and in Barbary. Its foliage, of glossy
green, is intermingled with a profusion of small,
white, highly scented flowers.

For France, nineteen species are claimed by
the Flora of De Candolle. In the southern
provinces is found the Rosa eglanteria, whose
golden petals are sometimes varied into a rich
orange. The Rosa spinosissima grows in the
sandy plains of the southern provinces, having
white flowers tipped with yellow, which have
furnished many beautiful varieties. In the
forests of Auvergne and the departments of the
Vosges, we find the Rosa cinnamomea, which
derives its name from the colour of its branches ;
the flowers being small, red, and solitary. The
Rosa parvifolia, or Champagne rose, a beauti-
ful miniature shrub, adorns the fertile valleys

14 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

in the neighbourhood of Dijon with its very-
double but small, solitary, crimson blossoms.
The Rosa Gallica is one which has afforded
varieties of every hue ; more especially the
kind known as Provins roses, white, pink, or
crimson. In the eastern Pyrenees, grows the
Rosa moschata, a beautiful variety of which is
known in our gardens as the Nutmeg rose. The
Rosa alba is found in the hedges and thick-
ets of various departments ; as well as the
Rosa canina, or eglantine, the stock of which,
straight, elegant, and vigorous, is so valuable
for grafting.

This imperfect sketch of the geographical
history of the rose, may serve to prove that
it has not its exclusive birth-place in the East ;
but that it is to be found in all countries of
the globe, for the gratification of the whole
human race.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 15

Roses enumerated in the preceding Chapter.

Rosa Polliniana, Spreng. pi. min. cogn. pag. ii. p. 66.
Lyoftii, Pursh. Amer. sept. i. 345.
arvensis, Lin. mant. ii. 245.
canina, Lin. sp. 703.
blanda, Willd. sp. ii. 1065.
rapa, var. Hudsoniana, Hose, diet, d'agr.
fraxinifolia, Bork. halz. 301.
nitida, JFilld. enum. 544.
lucida, Willd. sp. ii. 1068.
Woodsii, Lindl. mon. p. 21.
Carolina, Willd. sp. ii. 1069.
Evratina, Hose, diet, d'agri. xi. p. 256.
diffusa, Lindl. mono. p. 18.
parviflora, Willd. sp. ii. 1066.
stricta, Pronv. somm. p. 19.
rubifolia, Lindl. mono. p. 123.
setigera, Lindl. mono. p. 128.
laevigata, Lindl. mono. p. 125.
Montezumae, Lindl. mono. p. 96.
semper florens, Pronv. nomencl. p. 101.
sinensis, Lindl. } sp. ii. 1078, Pers. syn.
semperflorens, Willd. ) n. 42.
Lawranceana, Welt. hort. sub. Lond.
multiflora, Willd. sp. ii. 1077.
Banksiae, Lindl. mono. 131.
microphylla, Lindl. mono. p. 19, add.

16 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

The remaining' Roses of China, not enumerated in the.
preceding, are the

Rosa hystrix, Lindl. mono. p. 129.

microcarpa, Lindl. mono. p. 130.
pseudo indica, Lindl. bibl. Lambert,
xanthina, idem,
tryphylla, Itoxb. fl. ind.
cinnamomea, Lour. Coch. 323.
bracteata, Lindl. mono. p. 10.
indica, Redoute, ros. 161, t 19.
sinica, Lindl. mono. p. 126.

Rosa Lyellii, Lindl. mono.
Brunonii, idem, p. 120.
macrophylla, idem, 53.
sericea, idem, 105.
involucrata, idem, 8.
semperflorens, Pronv. 101,
arborea, Pers. syn. 250.
berberifolia, Willd. sp. pi. i. p. 106.
damascena, Lindl. 62.
sulphurea, Willd. sp. pi. i. p. 106.
centifolia, Linn. sp. 704.
ferox, Lawr. i. 42.
pulverulenta, Lindl. p. 93.
grandiflora, Lindl. mono. p. 53.
caucasea, idem, p. 97.
acicularis, idem, p. 44.
kamschatica, Vent. Gels, t. 67.
moschata, Lindl. mono. p. 121.
canina, Linn. sp. 107.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 17

Rosa abyssinica, Lindl. mono. p. 116.
spinosissima, idem, p. 50.
maialis, idem, p. 34.
rubella, enc. bot. t. 2521.
rubiginosa, Lindl. mono. p. 86.
involuta, idem, p. 56.
Sabinij-idem, p. 59.
villosa, Linn. sp. pi. 704.
hibernica, Lindl. mono. p. 82.
turbinata, Willd. 1. ii. 1073.
alpina, Linn. sp. 703.
spinufolia, Dem-ate, ess. sp. x. p. 7.
rubrifolia, Willd. delph. iii. 549.
glutinosa, Lindl. p. 95.
hispanica, Miller, diet. no. 7.
sempervirens, Lindl. p. 117.
eglanteria, Linn. sp. 703.
gallica, Linn. sp. 704.

18 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

CULTURE OF THE ROSE-TREE.

SOIL. Rose-trees flourish, according to their
species, in different soils ; but it may be obser-
ved, generally, that they do best in light open
ground, refreshed from time to time with good
new mould. Calcareous soils are mostly favour-
able ; but some delicate species, such as the
Lawranceana, Bengal rose, and others, succeed
in sandy ground, or in bog earth.

ASPECT. In point of aspect, the rose-tree
should have neither too much, nor too little sun.
A level plain is not injurious when secure of
air; but in gardens surrounded by high walls,
it will succeed best exposed to the east or
west, rather than to the north or south. To
use the expression of the gardeners, it prefers
a demi-sun.

PROPAGATION. The rose is propagated in
different methods : — first, by seed ; secondly,
by suckers; thirdly, by layers and slips; fourth-
ly, by grafting.

Propagation by seed is used to obtain new
varieties ; but there is no certainty of reprodu-
cing the variety sown, nor even the same species,
unless we consent to simplify the classes into

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 19

three generic species, viz., those of the Rosa
simplici folia, the Rosa lutea, and the Rosa
mutabilis. Varieties may be propagated by
any other mode of multiplication; but new
varieties can only be obtained from seed.

Should any peculiarity appear in the flowers
of a branch of a specific rose-tree, the variety
may be instantly made permanent by a graft,
to be hereafter propagated by grafting, layers,
or slips.

CHOICE OF SEED. The seeds should be se-
lected in autumn, as soon as they attain their
maturity, but left in the fruit till the moment
of sowing.

To obtain double-flowers, preference should
be given to seeds gathered from double or
semi-double varieties, when they produce seed,
which is not always the case. The seed of
single flowers will never produce more than a
semi-double variety.

Gardeners who wish to obtain hybrid vari-
eties, are careful, when the flowers are at the
height of their bloom, to cut off branches from
a flowering tree advantageous for the purpose,
and shake the pollen upon the stamens of a rose
of some other variety.

Care should be taken to keep separate the
seeds of different species and varieties, as it is
desirable to ascertain positively from what fa-
milies arise the varieties produced.

20 THE BOOK OF ROSES,

The best plan is to sow the seed as soon as
it is fully ripe, in which case the plants appear
the following spring ; whereas, by waiting for
the following spring to sow them, they do not
appear till the second year. If beds have not
been prepared to receive them, there is no ob-
jection to waiting till the spring, provided the
seeds are placed in a case of sand or fine porous
earth, in a cellar or some other dark and damp
situation, where the temperature is safe from
frost. The sand or earth should be kept slightly
moistened. In the spring, the seeds must be
sown with care and caution, so as not to injure
the germs, which will be already in some de-
gree developed.

The usual mode of sowing is in pots or beds
prepared for the purpose, filled with light bog-
earth: for the more delicate kinds, it is mixed
with a little sifted earth. If borders are chosen
for the purpose, they should be under shelter of
a wall, exposed to the east. The mould should
be fine and light, prepared with choice manure.
The seeds are to be taken from the fruit just
previously to sowing ; and, if sown immediately
after they become ripe, without further prepa-
ration : but if left in the fruit till the following
spring, it is advisable to soak them in water
for four-and-twenty hours. Whether sown in
pots or borders, the seed should be covered very
slightly with mould ; the seeds being apt to

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 21

rot or perish, if heavily covered. The whole
should be scattered over with a layer of chop-
ped moss, to prevent the earth from settling
too closely.

At the commencement of winter, the pots
must be brought into a greenhouse, to secure
them agairfet frost; or the borders covered with
litter or dry leaves. The following spring the
plants will appear, a few perhaps waiting till
the spring ensuing. The borders are to be at-
tended to as for any other plantation of shrubs,
as regards keeping them clear from weeds, and
occasionally watered.

In a favourable climate and season, China or
Bengal roses will flower in the June or July
of the first year ; all other kinds wait for the
summer of the second or third year before they
show bloom. Care must be taken in the sow-
ing not to let the plants stand too close, or they
must be thinned or transplanted, which ought
to be done as early as possible, or their flower-
ing will be a whole year retarded. Rose-trees
obtained from seed, should be pruned like those
arising from any other mode of propagation.

PROPAGATION BY SUCKERS. Suckers are
the young offsets with roots, which spring from
the root of a tree. In ordinaiy soils they should
be taken up in autumn; in marshy ground,
during the spring; and transplanted with the
precautions hereafter enumerated. When a

22 THE BOOK OP ROSES.

rose-tree is disinclined to produce suckers, they
are in some instances to be multiplied by
cutting down the tree to the root. In other
cases, earth should be heaped up round the tree
and the stem cut down to its level, when the
shoots of the tree are likely to take root in the
embankment.

PROPAGATION BY LAYERING. A rose-tree
may be layered in the same mode as any other
shrub, and takes root with facility. By slips,
it is not so easy of propagation ; nevertheless,
with a tanpit and bell glasses, very few varieties
but may be forced to take root. This method
is employed only when others are unavailable,
or where it is necessary to produce a rapid
multiplication of some rare variety. Monsieur
Noisette, one of the first rose-growers in Europe,
has been known to obtain plants from a rose
of which he possessed only a small fragment
of the flower-stalk. Generally speaking, it is
desirable to propagate only China roses, and
their varieties, from slips; selecting the young
branches which have not attained a ligneous
consistency.

Slips are planted in spring, chosen from wood
of the preceding year. They should be cut
about five or six inches in length, the leaves, if
any, taken off, and plunged in a pot or border
of bog-earth, under an opaque bell glass. They
may be planted near together, as there will al-

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 23

ways be space admitted by the removal of the
slips that do not strike. If slightly sprinkled
from time to time, they will soon take root and
begin to bud. They should be attended to
carefully during summer, and in the autumn
planted out ; separating the tender sorts which
require protection during the winter. It was for
some time imagined, that many exotic varieties
of roses were of a far more tender nature than
they have proved. There is not a rose-tree but
will resist ordinary frosts, when planted in the
open earth, matted, and littered.

PROPAGATION BY GRAFTING. Various modes
of grafting have been tried with success ; but
the two in general use are cleft-grafting, and
scutcheon-grafting.

CLEFT-GRAFTING. When the stock to be
grafted does not exceed the thickness of the
thumb, a single cleft succeeds better than two ;
and the incision is made on the side most pro-
pitious for the graft. In the spring of the year,
when the buds are beginning to swell, but
neither earlier nor later, the stock selected
should be cut straight off with a sharp knife ;
taking care that the surface is horizontal. The
scion to be introduced should be chosen, from
the wood of the year, healthy and vigorous. It
should be cut straight at the upper extremity,
a^id slipped or pointed, of a diamond, or long
lozenge shape, at the lower. Some gardeners

24 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

leave two eyes on the scion, some only one,
which is preferable when a single graft is to be
made on the stock. The scion being prepared,
the stock is cleft through the centre to the depth
of half a diameter, and the pointed ends of the
scion introduced ; taking care that its bark
should be exactly adapted to that of the stock.

French gardeners prefer a solitary graft, made
by a chorded slit, on one side the stock, so as
not to injure the wood ; into which the diamond
pointed end of the scion or slip is carefully
introduced, so that viewed from beneath, it is
not distinguishable from a natural shoot.

The operation completed, the graft should
be rendered solid, and kept together by an
application of the cement known by the name
of grafting wax, composed of the following
materials : —

Burgundy pitch . . 1 oz.

Black pitch .... 4 „

Resinous pitch 4 ,,

Yellow wax . 4 ,,

Tallow 2 „

Mastic 1 ,,

Salt of nitre . . . . 1J „

These materials, melted together over a slow
fire in an earthen pot, may be applied warm,
with the help of pincers and a wooden spoon.
The wax must not, however, exceed such a

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 25

temperature as can be borne by the naked hand.
In order to ensure success to the graft, all buds
should be removed from the stock ; and care
must be taken to prevent others forming.

SHIELD OR SCUTCHEON GRAFTING. This
system of grafting consists of two methods ;
that of Vcety poussant, and that of I' ceil dormant.
The former is performed between May and
July, when the sap is in activity, and vegetates
in the course of a few days, for which reason it
is called the shooting bud : the latter is effected
in the month of August, and does not take
effect till the following spring. It is considered
safer and more durable than the shooting bud,
which is chiefly used for the rapid propagation
of new varieties.

The important point in this operation is, to
select the moment when the sap is still active,
but on the point of falling. If the exact mo-
ment has been neglected, it will be easy to
revive it for a time by watering the plant regu-
larly for a few days. Under any circumstances,
indeed, this is a useful preparation for grafting
in dry soils and climates.

To proceed to the operation, a healthy branch
must be selected ; from which remove with a
grafting knife a bud or gem, with a small
portion of the bark attached, twice as long as
broad, the exact size depending upon that of
the stock to be grafted. This bark should be

26 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

cut of a shield or scutcheon-like shape, and
raised carefully from the branch with the bud-
ding knife, so as to adhere without fissure or
blemish to the bud, which otherwise would not
succeed.

Upon the stock to be grafted, a longitudinal
slit must next be made, with the point of the
knife, the length of the scutcheon ; with a
second transversal slit, forming the shape of
the letter T. The bark should then be raised
with the ivory blade of the budding knife, to
avoid wounding or tearing it, and the escut-
cheon introduced carefully underneath. The
edges of the loosened bark of the stock must
next be shaped to those of the scutcheon, and
made to fit with great exactness : the whole
should be bound round with coarse worsted,
but not too tight in the ligature.

A scallop-bud is effected in the same way,
except that a portion of the wood is allowed to
adhere to the bud, while a similar portion is
removed from the stock. A scutcheon graft
may be placed either on a stem or branch.
The stem answers best with young stocks,
the branch with old. The scutcheon usually
takes, on any part of the tree ; but it succeeds
best if placed on the part of the branch near-
est to the stem, just above the armpit of a
branch. If the graft is made for a shooting-
bud, all extraneous shoots and buds should be

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 27

removed, and care taken to prevent others
forming; if for a dormant bud, nothing need
be touched till the following spring.

It is now about twenty years since standards,
or tree-roses, were introduced into our gardens
from France, having been originally created
by the Dutch ; but the French are still sup-
posed so far to excel in their cultivation, that
the importation of stocks from France forms
an article of commerce. There is, however,
no reason why our gardens should not produce
them with equal success.

OF STOCKS FOR GRAFTING. The best stocks
for tree-roses are furnished by the Rosa canina,
or dog rose, to be found in all woods and hedges.
Should any difficulty occur in procuring it, the
rubiginosa, villosa, scabriusculay heterophylla,
or surculosa, answer as well. For some years
past, the common Bengal or China rose has
been much in use for grafting ; gardeners being
of opinion that, flowrering at all seasons of the
year, it promotes circulation in the graft.

Stocks of the eglantine, or dog rose, should be
procured in autumn, towards the month of No-
vember, for ordinary soils ; but to be planted in
wet ground, the spring is preferable. The most
advantageous plants for grafting-stocks, are
those two or three years old, about the thick-
ness of the thumb, the bark of w^hich is either
of a smooth grey, or grey striped with green.

c2

28 THE BOOK OF ROSES .

The graft seldom succeeds when the bark is of
a reddish colour.

The stock should be long, straight, and with
a good root. Before planting, all the old de-
cayed roots should be carefully trimmed off, as
well as all superfluous knots or branches. If
a saw is applied for this purpose, the wounds
should be closed up with the pruning knife,
and the cicatrices covered with grafting wax.
The stock, thus prepared of the height desired,
should be straight and smooth as a walking-stick.

A hole must be dug in the ground prepared
for the reception of stocks, of a size to contain
the roots of the plants ; and care must be taken
to fix it in an exact perpendicular, throwing in
the mould carefully to fill the interstices of
the roots ; then treading it in solidly and sub-
stantially, so as to bear the props which, in the
course of a few days, should be added to pre-
serve each stock in a vertical position. The
ligatures of these must not be tight enough to
injure the bark. If planted in lines, a prop
need not be assigned to each ; solid posts can
be placed at intervals, with a rail to which
each stock is carefully attached by osier bands.
This is the best mode of planting for a nursery
ground.

In the month of March, the stocks begin to
shoot ; when they will require constant care, for
the removal with the pruning knife of all but

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 29

three or four shoots, according to the size and
strength of the plant. The number of shoots
left, however, should vary only between two
and five. Those highest on the stock should
be the ones preserved, to increase the height of
the stem ; and as close together as possible.
Where only*two are preserved, they should be
on opposite sides ; when more, in such a form
as will secure a good round head to the tree, if
branch grafting is to be adopted.

The usual care, as regards weeding and hoe-
ing, must be observed towards the plantation of
stocks ; and all pernicious insects, such as ca-
terpillars and grubs, removed. Caterpillars are
easily exterminated, but against grubs, a fumi-
gation of tobacco-smoke should be employed.
An insect peculiarly injurious to the eglantine, is
a small caterpillar not larger than a pin, which
attacks the young shoots, and is generally to
be found rolled in the young leaves, attached
by silken filaments.

From the first rising of the sap till the se-
cond, a balance of vegetation should be care-
fully preserved among the shoots, if intended
for grafting on the branches, by pinching off
superfluous buds and secondary shoots, and
even the points of the shoots that are to be
preserved, when they seem disposed to branch
too vigorously ; so that the sap may be thrown
into the less healthy shoots.

30 THE BOOK OP ROSES.

A month previously to grafting, it is desirable
to remove the thorns from the stock in such
parts as are selected for the grafts, that the
wounds produced by their removal may be
skinned over previously to the process. When
the branches are to be grafted, it is desirable,
as we have already stated, to choose a spot
nearest to the stem ; but when the stem itself
is chosen, grafts should be made at the same
level on opposite sides, in order that one liga-
ture may serve for two ; or, if the nature of the
bark renders this inexpedient, they should be
placed as nearly as possible together. When
a considerable number of stocks are to be
grafted, for expedition's sake, two persons
should be employed ; that one may prepare
the ligatures while the other is engaged in the
operation, the period favourable to the pro-
cess seldom extending beyond four or five days.
No time, indeed, should be lost in completing
each graft, lest the sun should dry up the sap
on the edges of the scutcheon, and prevent
them uniting. If the scions prepared are kept
for more than an hour after raising the bark,
they should be placed in the shade, with the
ends in water or wet moss, till wanted for use.
When the grafts intended for a dormant bud
are completed, the stock must be left unpruned,
and in a natural state ; lest the sap should fall
too actively on the graft and cause it to deve-

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 31

lope prematurely, in which case it would perish
in the course of the winter.

From twenty-five days to six weeks after
grafting, according to the temperature and hu-
midity of the season, the ligatures should be
taken oflf and replaced with new ones, lest the
tightness stifle the shoot ; or, where time will
not admit of this, the worsted bound round
each should be slightly loosened. In the
month of March, the shoots of the stock are
cut away as the grafts begin to shoot; and
when there are several, they form a head in
the course of the first summer. But, in order
to favour the progress of the grafts, a single
shoot should be left of the stock, near and
above the scion, in order that, being more vi-
gorous, it may draw the sap towards the part
and keep up circulation. When this shoot has
attained an inch or two, and put forth a few
leaves, it should be pinched off at the point, to
force back the sap into the graft ; and, when
the scion itself becomes vigorous, the stock-
shoot may be altogether suppressed.

Even for grafts of the active shoot kind, it is
desirable to leave a stock-shoot or two, as the
scion does not suffice for the absorption of all
the sap, and the plant runs some risk of perish-
ing. When the scion is valuable, it is desirable
to support it by a stick attached to the stem of
the stock, or to its prop ; for, during the first

32 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

year, the action of the wind or of a bird perch-
ing upon it, is liable to discompose the graft.

In March of the following spring, the scion
itself may be submitted to the pruning knife.
The stock is first cleared, taking care to leave
no knobs, and covering the wounds with grafting
wax. The scion, or scions, are next cut down,
leaving two buds to each ; and all other shoots
or sucKers are carefully cleared away. Hence-
forward the stock is to be trimmed and attended,
like any other rose-tree, and it will produce
flowers in the course of the summer.

OF PRUNING AND TRIMMING. Some gar-
deners prepare their rose-trees for spring-prun-
ing by a preparatory one in the autumn ; which
is superfluous, except for the sake of neatness.

The tree should be subjected to the pruning
knife early in the month of March ; and all
dead, sickly, or unsightly branches carefully
removed. The shoots of the preceding years
should be trimmed down to the second eye, in
order to secure fine flowers. A few species,
however, require to have longer branches
allowed ; while others need only be trimmed of
their sprays to produce an abundance of flowers.
On this point, experience is the only guide ; for
the extent of pruning and trimming depends,
not only upon the species of rose, but upon"
the situation, soil, and even the temperature of
the season.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 33

When it is desirable to retard the flowering
of a rose-tree by two or three weeks, it should
not be pruned till the vegetation has commenced,
and the shoots have attained an inch in length.

WINTER FLOWERING. With care and con-
sideration, almost every variety of rose may be
made to flower in winter; but it is the custom
to select for this purpose the ever-blowing, or
twice-blowing kinds. The simplest process
consists in placing the trees in pots a year
before it is intended to force them; trimming
them in the autumn, and exposing them to a
moderate heat towards December, increasing
from 50° to 70°. But as every one has not the
disposal of a hot-house, it is the custom in
nursery-grounds to plunge them in pots into
the ground as near as possible together, and
cover them with a deep frame, the edges of
which should be carefully secured. Round the
frame, a trench must be dug and filled with good
manure, to be stirred and refreshed once a fort-
night. The slides may be occasionally raised
in fine weather; and care taken to remove dead
leaves or buds. The period of flowering can be
determined by the quantity of heat applied,
and air admitted.

OF ESPALIER ROSES. There are some spe-
cies of roses, whose long and flexible branches
may be easily trained on trellises and against
walls in the form of garlands ; producing a

c 3

34 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

beautiful effect during the flowering season.
The varieties best fitted to this mode of culti-
vation are the Rosa arvensis, with semi-double
blossoms ; the sempervirens, the bracteata, the
Roxburghi, the moschatay the Banksiana, and
multiflora ; the four last of which require to be
covered up with straw or matting during severe
frosts, when, if the extreme branches perish,
they are soon replaced with new shoots. In
other respects, these creeping roses are cul-
tivated in the same mode as others ; with the
exception that, for the two or three first years,
they must be allowed to run with very moderate
pruning, so as to furnish a good length for
festooning.

A favourite mode of training the Boursault
and multiflora roses in French rosaries, is to
let them attain a considerable height from the
ground; and in the month of October, unite
the young shoots of several trees into a large
hollow sphere, which, in the course of the follow-
ing summer, forms a ball of verdure, adorned
with several varieties of flowers.*

INSECTS. The rose, says Loudon, is very
subject to the attacks of insects, especially of
the aphides. The briar and Scotch rose are
attacked by the cynips roses ; and the common
earwig and lady-bird frequent the flowers and

* Fide Tarade's Culture des Eglantiers.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 35

leaves. There seems no remedy in the open
air, but that of removing, by hand, the insects,
and even the infected branch. But under cover,
tobacco-smoke will prove an effectual remedy
for the aphides; while the larvae of others,
especially the tipula and tenthredenidce, which
occasion the wrapping up and shrivelling of the
leaves, may be removed by washing with lime-
water, and hand picking.

36 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

BOTANICAL CHARACTER OF
THE ROSE.

IN order to render intelligible to such readers
as have not devoted their attention to the study
of Botany the instructions and descriptions con-
tained in the following pages, it is necessary to
enter into a few details, and proceed to the ex-
planation of certain botanical terms, necessarily
employed in such a discussion.

Let the reader take into his hand a simple
dog rose, and he will find it composed of five
delicately-coloured leaves, which form what is
commonly called the flower, and botanically
the corolla; each of which leaves, singly, is
called a petal.

In the centre of the corolla formed by the
petals, are certain greenish white filaments,
some of which are terminated by a little yellow
head, and are named stamens, the, heads (covered
with a yellowish dust called pollen or farina)
being called the anthers ; — others terminate in
a blunt point, called the stigma, the filament
supporting it being called the style, and the two

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 37

united, the pistil. These pistils rise from the
germs; which, when fecundated by the dis-
charge of the pollen upon the stigma of the
flower, become the seeds.

The part of the corolla which secretes the
honey, is called the nectary.

The rose, while still a bud, is protected by
several long green leaves of a pointed form,
which constitute the calyx, or flower-cup ; the
subdivisions being named sepals. These spring
from the pericarp, or seed-vessel, contained in
the tube of the calyx, which, in a state of
maturity, varies in colour from green to red,
and constitutes the fruit.

The calyx is mounted on a short stem, which
is called the peduncle, or flower-stalk; when
consisting of many stems, to form a cluster,
these subdivisions are called pedicelli.

To the flower-stalk, or peduncle, are usually
appended small leaflets, called bracteal or floral
leaves ; the petioles, or leaf-stalks, having still
smaller leafy appendages, called stipules.

A ligneous plant, or shrub, such as the rose,
is divided into the trunk or stem, branches, and
sprays or branchlets.

The leaf of the rose is composed of three,
five, or more leaflets, placed regularly upon a
foot-stalk ; each leaflet being supported by a
secondary foot-stalk.

The stems and stalks are often clothed with

38 THE BOOK OP ROSES.

hairy, bristly, or woolly substances ; and often
armed by sharp thorns attached to the bark.

Let us now proceed to the detailed consider-
ation of these constituent parts of the rose.

THE COROLLA. The corolla of the rose is
polypetalous, or composed of many petals, —
never fewer than five, unless by deformity, —
regular or similar in form. These five petals
constitute a single rose. With two rows of
petals, the flower is called half-double ; with
many rows, but still retaining stamens in the
centre, it is called double ; with very few sta-
mens left, it is called very-double ; and when
all the stamens and pistils are metamorphosed
into petals, it is called full.

Double, half-double, and very-double, are
terms too vague for purposes of definition ; but
as botanists interest themselves but little in
the creation of double flowers, which they regard
as useless monsters, no effort has been made to
render such nomenclature more exact.

The corolla of a rose is sometimes hemi-
spherical, sometimes nearly flat, sometimes,
according to botanical definition, cupuliform,
or cup-shaped ; and sometimes hypocrateriform,
or salver-shaped.

PETALS. The petals of the rose are to be
considered as regards their form ; consisting of
the base, the summit, and the expanse. The
summit is the detached extremity of the petal ;

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 39

and may be truncated or cut straight off, round-
ed, sloped, hollowed, cordiform or heart-shaped,
forming two rounded lobes, pointed, acuminated
or needle-shaped, fringed, undulated, &c. &c.
The expanse of the petal consists in the part
comprised between the base and the summit;
and may 4>e downy or cottonous, either on the
upper or under surface, marked with regular
lines, furrowed, navicular, concave, convex, rol-
led, convoluted, wrinkled, &c. In substance
and colour, it may be thick or thin, transparent
or opaque, white, pink, red, purple, crimson,
clouded, spotted, variegated, speckled. It is
called plain when without lobes or divisions,
lobed, oval, ovoi'd, oblong, spatulated, &c. &c.
The base of the petal often differs from the
expanse in colour and substance, and is either
long, very long, broad or very broad.

THE STAMENS. A stamen consists of a fila-
ment attached to the receptacle, (which serves
to unite various organs with the corolla,) and
an anther, or little yellow bag, containing the
fecundating powder, or pollen. When a stamen
has no anther, it is called barren, or abortive.
The stamens are to be observed in point of
number and arrangement.

THE PISTILS. A pistil is composed of the
ovary or embryo of the seed, of a filament rising
from it called the style, and the stigma, a thick-
ened point in which it terminates, pierced with

40 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

an imperceptible aperture, through which it
receives the pollen, ajid conveys it to the ovule
or germ. It is necessary to observe the number
of styles ; whether they are cohesive or separate,
whether they rise from the calyx or from the
receptacle, whether they are smooth, cottonous,
hairy, or bristly ; whether they are permanent
after flowering, or perishable with or soon after
the petals.

THE OVULES OR GERMS. These consist in
the germen of the seeds, contained in the peri-
carp, or seed-vessel. The number of ovules is
to be noticed, and their pubescence; whether
they are smooth or hairy.

THE CALYX. The calyx, as denned by
Lindley and other botanists, consists in the
tube, a fleshy organ, round or oval, placed im-
mediately under the flower, and forming at
maturity the fruit ; of the disk, a fleshy ring to
which the stamens and pistils are attached ; of
the sepals, or calyxinal leaflets, which sur-
round the petals.

The tube may be round or oval ; cylindrical,
fusiform, or distaff-shaped ; turbinated, or top-
shaped; pyriform, or pear-shaped; pisiform, or
pea-shaped ; strangled, or small in the centre,
swelling above and below ; compressed, or flat-
tened at the sides ; depressed, or flattened at
the top and bottom.

It may be smooth or hairy, woolly, cottonous,

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 41

bristly, prickly, or thorny ; viscid, or covered
with a glutinous matter usually fragrant ; glan-
dulous, glossy, rugged or covered with small
excrescences, or naked. In colour, it varies
between red, crimson, black, yellow, purple,
&c.; in consistency, between thin, fleshy, or
pulpy ; in position, between erect, inclining,
and drooping. The disk, may be wide or nar-
row, thin or thick, apparent or unapparent,
flat, arching, conical, or convex; closing the
mouth of the calyx, or having a wide opening
for the reception of the styles.

The sepals are to be studied with regard to
their durability : they are either deciduous, or
perishable with the petals; durable, or falling
shortly before the maturity of the fruit ; or per-
manent, remaining fixed to the last. They are
either simple or composite; foliaged so as al-
most to have the appearance of a leaf; toothed,
wide, narrow, having appendages, &c. Their
pubescence admits of all the forms ascribed to
the tube of the calyx, and they may be divergent
or convergent.

FRUIT. The fruit or matured form of the
ovarium, pericarp or tube of the calyx, is to
be studied with regard to colour, form, and
whether crowned with sepals, or naked.

THE PEDUNCLE, OR FLOWER-STALK. The
peduncle is either single, to bear a solitary

42 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

flower; biforked, or consisting of two divi-
sions, to bear pairs or twin flowers ; branching,
or divided into three or more pedicelli ; corym-
biform, to bear clusters or bouquets. It is
sometimes thickened towards the calyx, some-
times equal; sometimes hairy, sometimes na-
ked ; sometimes short, sometimes long ; some-
times erect, sometimes drooping. In point of
pubescence it is sometimes smooth, sometimes
hairy, cottonous, bristly, prickly, or scaly; and
partakes of the same characters as the tube of
the calyx. The pedicelli, or branches of the
flower-stalk, are to be studied under the same
heads as the peduncle.

BBACTEAL LEAVES. Bracteal or floral leaves
are the leaflets, differing in form and even co-
lour from the leaves of the shrub which accom-
pany the flower, and spring from the peduncle,
or flower-stalk. When they exist, the peduncle
is termed bracteated ; they are sometimes deci-
duous and perish after the flowering, sometimes
permanent.

When long, narrow, and pointed from a wider
base, they are termed awl-shaped ; when very
pointed, needle-shaped; lanceolated when in
the form of a lance, cordiform when in the
shape of a heart, pectinated when edged like
the teeth of a comb, — long, narrow, wide,
elliptic, &c. They are smooth, hairy, or glan-

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 43

dulous ; in colour, sometimes tinged with red,
sometimes with brown. They are either sim-
ple or composite.

STIPULES. Stipules are small leaves of un-
certain form, rising at the base of the foot-stalk,
of larger leaves, and sometimes adhering to the
leaf. It " must be observed whether they are
adherent or non-adherent, deciduous or perma-
nent ; in form, whether pectinated, capillary,
lanceolated, dentated, serrated, or coniform ;
concave or convex, biforked, sloped, wide or
narrow, awl-shaped, or needle-shaped. Their
margin may be edged with glands or fringed
with hair, and their surface, either under or
upper, cottonous or glandulous. Their colour
should also be studied.

PETIOLE, OR LEAF-STALK. Where no leaf-
stalk is attached to the leaflets, the leaflet is
called sessile. To the leaf itself a stalk is ne-
cessarily attached, which is defined as strong or
weak, long or short, naked or clothed, spinous,
cottonous, glandulous, or thorny. It must be
observed, also, whether the leaf-stalk is bordered
with a membrane, flattened or round, cylindri-
cal or channelled ; that is, hollowed by a canal
which extends throughout its length.

THE LEAF. The leaf of the rose-tree is, with
few exceptions, composite ; that is, composed
of several leaflets, attached by petiolules, or
minor foot-stalks, to a common peduncle. The

44 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

Rosa simplicifolia constitutes an exception ; its
single leaflet, supported by a foot-stalk, form-
ing a simple leaf.

The leaf of the rose is termed winged, because
the leaflets are placed opposite each other in
pairs on the foot-stalk in the form of wings ;
but it is also winged cum impari, or irregularly,
because terminated at the end by an odd leaf-
let. The leaf is said to be composed of five,
seven, or nine leaflets, according to the num-
ber observable in the greatest proportion of its
leaves. A leaflet may be in form lanceolated,
oval, ovoid or egg-shaped, orbicular, elliptic,
spatulated, or linear. The base maybe rounded,
attenuated, sloped, or cordiform ; the summit
obtuse, round, pointed, acuminated. With re-
spect to its margin, a leaflet may be even-edged,
dentated or toothed, serrated or with teeth like
a saw ; doubly toothed if every deep indenta-
tion has a lesser one by its side ; irregularly
toothed, and crenated or notched. The teeth
are sharp, obtuse, or minutely serrated. The
edges may also be ciliated or fringed with hair,
or glandulous. With respect to its surfaces, a
leaflet may be plane, convex, concave, undu-
lated, wrinkled, rugged, curled, nervous or
ribbed, enerve or ribless. They may be smooth
and naked, glaucous or of a blueish sea-green
colour, produced by a powdery bloom resem-
bling that upon a plum; hispid, woolly, bristly,

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 45

downy, cottonous, prickly, thorny, viscous,
glandulous, &c. The colour may vary from
very tender green, approaching white, to very
dark; yellowish, reddish, purplish : they may
be variegated, clouded, spotted, freckled. In
point of substance we find them thick, thin,
transparent, opaque, firm, soft, stiff, brittle,
tough, &c. They are said to be deciduous
when they fall every year at the commence-
ment of winter ; frail when they fall earlier; and
permanent when they remain on the tree till the
formation of new leaves, as in some species of
oak. Under the general name of leaf, we com-
prehend leaflets, petioles, and stipules.

STEM. The stem of the rose-tree must be
understood to comprehend its branches, twigs,
and flower-branches. The bole or stem, pro-
perly so called, is the portion that rises di-
rectly from the roots. It is called straight or
erect, when growing vertically ; inclined, when
diverging from the perpendicular; creeping,
when roots spring from its branches ; trailing,
when it grows in curves ; and zig-zag when it
grows with angular or geniculated branches.
It is called naked, when devoid of thorns or other
arms ; smooth, when naked and shining ; his-
pid, when bearing bristly prickles ; armed, when
bearing thorns ; pubescent, when hairy. The
suckers are either straight, curved, or flexible,
and partake of the nature of the stem; the

46 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

branches and twigs partaking of the same na-
ture, modified. Of the latter it is further to be
observed, whether they are divergent, conver-
gent, fasciculated, drooping, erect, flagelliform,
kneed or forming an angular excrescence at
each shoot.

ARMS. Under this head may be included
thorns, bristles, and even glands. Of thorns,
an important character is their durability.
Some are deciduous like the leaves, some tem-
porary or lasting a few years, and some perma-
nent and hard as the wood itself. With respect
to their position, they are either scattered,
grouped, geminated or in pairs, stipulary or
placed under the stipules. As regards relative
proportion, they are termed even or uneven,
according to their uniformity of length ; simple
or composite • similar, as when all are straight
or all crooked ; or dissimilar, when some are
crooked, some straight. They may be straight,
bowed, bent, crooked, or very crooked ; thin,
thick, long, short, and setiform or degenerating
into bristles. What are termed bristles seem to
be abortive thorns, and are equal or unequal,
hard or soft, green or coloured, glandulous, &c.
It may be observed that a thorn proceeds from
the wood, and a bristle from the bark. The
glands are spherical, irregular, fragrant, ino-
dorous, viscous, &c.
ROOTS. The roots of the rose-tree are unim-

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 47

portant in a botanical point of view ; yet it is as
well to observe whether they are pendant in
their growth and infertile in suckers, or trailing
horizontally in the ground and throwing up nu-
merous offsets. Rose-trees obtained from seed
are the only ones whose roots have an indi-
vidual character; while those obtained from
grafts and subjected to grafting, are uniformly
trailers.

SHRUB, OR TREE. Every plant having a lig-
neous or woody stem, which lasts for several
years, is a tree, a shrub, or bush. The distinc-
tions between the three are very irregularly
maintained by botanists : —

1. A bush is generally supposed to mean
a woody plant, between a few inches and four
feet.

2. A shrub, a plant between four feet and
fifteen.

3. A tree, a plant between fifteen and a
hundred, or upwards. '

There are rose-trees, however, of three or four
inches in height, such as the Lawranceana, as
well as from twenty to five-and-twenty feet ;
but both are indiscriminately called rose-tree
and rose-bush. The tree is, however, called a
dwarf when lower than a foot.

A rose-tree is termed bushy, when the
branches and foliage lie close ; branching, when
the boughs extend irregularly ; erect, when the

48 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

branches point vertically ; dense, when its fo-
liage is quite close ; arborescent, when it has a
thick lofty stem ; pyramidal, &c. The general
colouring of the foliage is described as dull,
lively, dark, light, pale, deep, glaucous, red-
dish, &c.

Such is the glossology of the rose-tree. Let
us proceed to consider its distinctions of spe-
cies, noting first the confusion introduced into
classification by the multiplication of hybrid
varieties.

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 49

HYBRID VARIETIES OF THE ROSE.

HYBRID is a Greek word, denoting the off-
spring of parents of a different species, and
applied indiscriminately to productions of the
animal and vegetable kingdom. In the vegeta-
ble creation, such unions are effected either by
the interposition of the gardener, of the wind,
or even of the wings of insects. The fertilizing
powder or pollen of a plant of one species, is
discharged upon the pistils of a plant of another
species; and the seeds produced from the
fecundation of this union, unite the natures of
the male and female parent.

To produce this fecundation, however, there
must exist certain analogies of nature between
the parents, the extent of which cannot be
definitely ascertained. As, in animal life, an
offspring may be produced between the horse
and ass, but not between the horse and cow,
or cow and goat ; between a canary-bird and
goldfinch, but not between a canary and a lin-
net, or goldfinch and tomtit ; so hybrid plants
may be obtained between the crinum and the

D

50 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

amaryllis, but not between the crinum and
the lettuce.

The offspring of many such unions, — the
mule, for instance, the mule-bird, or the hybrid
plant between the crinum and amaryllis, —
are barren, and incapable of reproducing their
species ; whereas the offspring of a goat and
sheep, of a mastiff and greyhound, of the cab-
bage and brocoli, are capable of generation;
which is supposed to arise from certain analogies
of nature in the parents ; the goat and sheep,
mastiff and greyhound, cabbage and brocoli,
being only varieties of the same species, not
distinct species as in the case of the horse and
ass, the canary and goldfinch. These monstrous
productions seldom occur spontaneously in
nature ; a wolf and fox, a goldfinch and linnet,
an apple and pear-tree, however nearly ap-
proximated the two species which bear an
evident analogy to each other, never having
been known to produce spontaneous offspring.
In the vegetable, as in the animal creation,
each subject is produced by a single fecunda-
tion; and a hybrid flower can consequently
partake of the nature of only two species, a male
and female. Yet some florists affect to pro-
duce varieties partaking of many species ; as in
the case of the Rosa perpetuosissima, described
by Monsieur Foulard in the Revue Horticole
as a hybrid, partaking of the Damask, the

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 51

Bengal, the Tea rose, the Hundred-leaved, the
Noisette, and several others, which is a self-
convicted absurdity. It must be admitted, how-
ever, that roses are frequently produced uniting
the specific characters of several varieties. But
there never was a rose which combined the
specific character of the Rosa simplicifolia, the
Rosa lutea, and Rosa eglanteria ; and it is con-
sequently these species we are inclined to esta-
blish as the only generic species in existence.

Gardeners produce an infinite variety of car-
nations, ranunculuses, tulips, dahlias, camellias,
from simple sowing ; and there is no reason to
suppose that the same inexhaustible bounty
of nature may not be applied to the arbitrary
diversification of the rose, as of any other flower.
A variety of causes tend to produce variety both
in the animal and vegetable world, without in-
volving the mysteries of hybridity ; and though
the celebrated Noisette rose is supposed to have
been produced by the union of a China rose
and Musk rose, Monsieur Noisette had no
means of ascertaining that the variety did not
arise from some single seed of the China rose
which escaped impregnation, and derived its
new characters from accidental causes.

52 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

CLASSIFICATION BY SPECIFIC
CHARACTERS.

THE specific characters of a plant must be
decided and invariable in every individual of a
species. If failing in a single particular, the
individual must be rejected.

In order to constitute a species, certain generic
peculiarities are indispensable. These specific
characters of the rose may be enumerated as
follow : —

THE FRUIT. Some botanists establish spe-
cies, and even families of roses, upon the form
of the fruit, as either round or oval. It happens
that no organ is more variable and uncertain,
both in form or colour; it is not uncommon to
find fruit of every variety of shape united on one
tree. On a Rosa semper flor ens, or ever-blowing
rose, they are round, oval, top-shaped ; on a
Rosa rapa, or turnip rose, they are found flat,
round, oval, pear-shaped, and top-shaped. On
the tree of a Carolina rose, they are sometimes
red, sometimes orange, sometimes purple ; and
many varieties, of which the fruit is habitually
prickly, are occasionally found with fruit com-
pletely smooth. Some varieties, such as the

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 53

Rosa laxa of botanists, bear no fruit, and may
consequently be regarded as a degraded or
mutilated variety.

OF THE STYLES. When a rose becomes dou-
ble, it is by the conversion of its stamens and
pistils into petals. On the number of these,
therefore,Sio classification can be grounded ; as
many kinds of .roses have none, such as the
Hundred-leaved, the Burgundy rose, and other
very-double varieties. The pubescence of the
styles is as little to be relied on ; some kinds,
such as the Dog rose, becoming hairy in northern
climates, while towards the south the styles
are perfectly smooth.

The cohesion of the styles must not be con-
sidered as affording a specific character, since
they are sometimes detached, as in the Noisette
rose ; while from the seeds of the Noisette, a
Musk rose is sometimes produced in which they
are joined together. One distinct species of
rose will no more produce another species, than
a woman will bring forth a fawn, but merely a
variety of its own species; and the Musk
rose, of which the styles are joined together,
furnishes many varieties in which they are de-
tache'd; as the half-double, and double Muscade
roses, (of Vibert,) and the Princess of Nassau,
(of Laffay.)

Sometimes the styles are salient above the
calyx, and sometimes comprised within it, in
the same species of rose.

54 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

OF THE STAMENS. The stamens have been
attempted as a ground-work for classification ;
but abandoned as affording only vague and
variable indications.

OF THE PETALS. Neither can the petals be
accepted. In point of number, every rose, in
its natural state, has five ; which may be aug-
mented by culture, pruning, and even age. In
form they are equally uncertain, varying beyond
calculation in varieties of the same species. In
length, they are sometimes shorter than the
sepals, as in the Carolina rose; while in its va-
riety, the Virginian rose, they are as long. In
various cluster roses they are longer in the cen-
tral rose than in those which surround it. The
colour of the petals constitutes their most im-
portant specific character ; and this point de-
mands consideration.

Vegetables contain certain colouring-matter,
inseparable from their substance ; as the yellow
of woad, the red of madder. When this colour-
ing matter becomes exposed to the action of
acid, which contact is most frequently produced
by the influence of light, a new colour is formed
by the combination. The red colour of fruit is
supposed to arise from the action of an "acid
upon blue colouring-matter; and almost all
purple, red, and blue flowers derive their colour
from an acid analogous to that of fruit.

Red, blue, and white are readily varied from
one to the other, in substances of a similar

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 55

nature. Orange, as of the nasturtium, admits
little variation of shade; and pure yellow is
almost invariable in flowers. It may be re-
marked in cruciform and composite flowers,
and Linnaeus, Lamarck, De Candolle, and other
botanists, have not hesitated to accept it as a
steady specific character.

An essay on the colouring of flowers was read
before the Academy of Medicine, in Paris, in
1824, in which it was asserted, that their various
shades of colour were produced by the phy-
siological and chemical results of their absorp-
tion of gaseous fluids. The author, (Monsieur
Lemaire de Lisancourt,) had ascertained by
experiment, that the corolla of yellow flowers
contains alkali ; that pink, red, or scarlet flowers
contain carbonic acid ; while those containing
neither acid nor alkali, are uniformly white.
From this it may be inferred, that yellow and
orange are specific physiological colours ; while
red, considered in all its shades of pink, crim-
son, scarlet, purple, may also serve to charac-
terize a species. It may be objected, that other
yellow roses exist besides the simplicifolia,
lutea, and sulphurea; but these, instead of
being of a pure bright yellow, are greenish, or
of a dingy hue, not the result of the presence
of alkali.

The fundamental colour of all vegetable-
tissues, is, as chemists have demonstrated, a

56 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

yellowish white. This yellowish white, com-
bined with the blue-black of carbon, forms the
green colouring of the leaves ; but if neither
carbon, acids, nor alkalis operate upon the
yellowish white of the vegetable-tissue of the
corolla of a flower, it remains yellowish white ;
which the gardeners are pleased to name yellow,
as in the yellow China rose, the yellow Noisette.
But all these pseudo-yellow roses have more or
less a tinge of white, pink, or lilac: they are
never pure yellow.

Pure yellow is therefore a specific character,
and invariable.

OF THE SEPALS. The sepals are five in num-
ber; but a specific character has been attempted
through varieties in their form and position,
being divergent in some species, convergent
in others. This is not a safe distinction; for
in the Rosa spinosissima they are of the one
form, and in its hairy variety, the Pyrennean
rose, of another. They have also been defined
as perishable or permanent ; but in the white
rose they are perishable, and in its variety, the
Amelia, (of Vibert,) permanent; while in the
Bengal rose they are sometimes the one, some-
times the other.

OF THE TUBE OF THE CALYX. All that has
been said of the uncertainty of form in the fruit,
may be applied to the tube of the calyx, or seed-
vessel, which is in fact the fruit before it attains

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 57

its maturity. It is globular in the Rosa par-
vifolia, yet top-shaped in its variety, the double
Pensylvanian rose, and surmounted by a long
throat in the single Pensylvanian. In the
tomentosa it is sometimes long, sometimes oval,
sometimes cone-shaped, on the same tree; —
sometimes hairy, sometimes naked. In the Rosa
alba maxima multiplex, (of Prevost,) the seed-
vessel of the central flower of the cluster is
hairy and glandulous, and the others perfectly
smooth.

OF THE BRACTEAL OR FLORAL LEAVES. —
These afford no positive specific character, being
sometimes present, sometimes absent in the
same species. For instance, they are to be found
on the divided flower-stalks of a cluster of roses;
yet the same tree, and even the same branch,
produces solitary flowers in which they are
wholly wanting. The Alpine rose has no floral
leaves when growing in a natural state, but
acquires them when regularly pruned. In point
of form, they do not vary ; nevertheless, on the
Pyrennean rose they are found on the same
tree both round and obtuse, oval and pointed.

OF THE PEDUNCLE OR FLOWER-STALK. The
flower-stalk varies strangely in length. In the
Provins rose it is sometimes extremely long,
and sometimes scarcely distinguishable. It is
only with respect to inflorescence that it admits
of study. Rose-trees produce their flowers more

D 3

58 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

or less in clusters. Some in their natural state
produce solitary flowers, and have consequently
a single flower-stalk, as in the case of the white
rose, the Alpine rose, and the spinosissima ;
which, when pruned and cultivated, begin by
multiplying the peduncle, to produce pairs,
threes, or clusters, and to acquire floral leaves.
Other roses produce in their natural state
solitary flowers; yet on some branches pairs
and trios, as in the case of the Rosa laxa, and
Rosa parvifolia.

OF PUBESCENCE. With respect to the pubes-
cence of rose-trees, no thing can be more variable.
Smooth -stalked varieties are often obtained
from hairy species ; but it is more rare to obtain
hairy varieties from a smooth-stalked species.
There is, however, a variety of the China rose
called the Desfosses, which, like the Provins,
has bristles under the mid-rib of its leaves.
We have noticed that the styles of the Dog rose
assume a different character when growing in
the north or the south of Europe. In the same
way the Rosa lucida, and other American roses,
lose their arms and pubes when cultivated in
Europe. In the Rosa carbonara, (of Prevost,)
the flower-stalk is pubescent previous to the
blowing of the flower, and becomes smooth
when it is fully blown. In the Noisette, Bour-
bon, Lawranceana, and others, the calyx is
sometimes prickly, sometimes naked.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 59

OF THE THORNS. Considerable importance
has been attached to thorns as a specific cha-
racter, though without sufficient motive ; for
the beautiful thornless rose produced by Mon-
sieur Noisette, is in fact a variety of the Ever-
blowing rose, of which the branches are covered
with craoked thorns, and many thorny American
roses lose their arms when cultivated in France.
With regard to their position, thorns grow in
pairs under the stipules of the Rosa parvifolia,
and singly under those of one of its varieties,
called the single Small -leaved rose. They
abound of a crooked shape on the Carolina rose,
and become straight in its variety, the Cluster
rose ; and are not to be found at all on another
variety, the Hudsoniana. Thorns possess but
in one instance an unfailing specific character,
— in the simplicifoliay where they are double,
or branching.

OF THE LEAVES. There is so much diver-
sity in the foliage of rose-trees, that the leaf
does not lend itself to methodical classification.
The form, colour, and clothing of the leaflets
vary in almost every variety ; and we have even
obtained several varieties of which the leaves
are larger than those of the Rosa macrophylla,
and smaller than the parvifolia.

As regards the number of leaflets, every leaf
must be either simple or composite. Bosc
attempted to establish a species called the

60 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

Rosa trifoliata, or three-leaved, ( the Rosa
sinica of Lindley), But Monsieur Prevost,
by whom it is extensively cultivated, obtained,
at the first sowing, a variety having five leaf-
lets. The number constantly varies from five
to thirteen, and the leaf cannot be accepted
as forming the basis of a species.

OF THE STIPULES. In the Rosa rapa, the
stipules are sometimes straight, sometimes
much dilated ; some are simply toothed at
the edge, some glandulous. In the species they
are flat ; in the variety, rolled underwards, as
in the single Rosa rapa, (of Prevost). In the
Provins, Hundred-leaved, Damask, and others,
every possible distinction may be noticed in the
stipules of different varieties of the same species.

Having now passed in review the specific
characters of each several organ of the plant,
and proved that nearly all are uncertain and
inauthoritative, we will present a table of com-
parison, showing the distinctions between the
Rosa alba and the Cuisse de Nymphe, one
of its varieties ; and in addition, (to avoid
the inference that hybridity may have been
the origin of the discrepancy,) we subjoin
the Placidia, (of Vibert,) created by Monsieur
Prevost, jun., by fixing, by graft, a variety
accidentally produced on the branch of a Cuisse
de Nymphe.

THE BOOK OF ROSES.

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In the foregoing table, we have instituted a
comparison between two varieties, and their
parent species. Varieties, differing far more
extensively from their original type, might
have been selected for the purpose; but we
prefer the white rose and its varieties, on ac-
count of the Placidia being literally only a
detached branch of the Cuisse de Nymphe.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 63

DISTINCTION OF SPECIES.

I

WTiat passes under the name of species ?
What ought to constitute a species ?

THIS is a most important point in botany,
and natural history in general ; for of late
years, naturalists have introduced much con-
fusion into the animal and vegetable kingdom,
by their hasty and unauthorized creation of
species.

Many celebrated naturalists have defined a
species to consist in " an individual produced
by an individual exactly similar, and producing
similar individuals." This vague definition
may, however, be equally applied to tribes or
families.

" Species," says Monsieur de Jussieu, " of
which the individuals exactly resemble each
other, and which reproduce similar individuals,
or even individuals resembling each other in
general character, may be defined as a generic
species." Whereas, there does not exist a spe-
cies of which the individuals invariably resem-
ble each other ; and the expression, " general
character," conveys no definite instruction.

64 THE BOOK OP ROSES.

Monsieur de Mirbel defines a species as " com-
posed of a succession of individuals produced
from each other by direct and constant genera-
tion, whether effected by seed, or by a simple
separation of parts." But this definition is
insufficient, in failing to inform us by what
physiological properties the species is to be
distinguished as generic, instead of as the vari-
ety of a species. Monsieur de Mirbel adds,
" We usually find in an individual the aggregate
of characters which distinguish the species to
which it belongs from all other species of the
vegetable kingdom." The term " aggregate of
characters," is not sufficiently explicit for a
definition. It is clear, however, that the au-
thor had in view superficial character ; for he
adds, that after having seen a white lily, no
one would confound it with the martagon, or
fritillary.

We conceive that in many plants the diffe-
rent species are easily confounded ; as in violets,
aloes, amaryllises, pines, &c. &c.

But instead of further citations of opinion,
let us proceed at once to consider what ought,
in the order of nature, to be considered a spe-
cies, and what a variety.

A SPECIES ought to be composed of indivi-
duals produced from each other by successive
generations, and resembling each other in one
or more invariable specific characters.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 65

A VARIETY is an individual which derives,
from accidental causes, characters differing from
those of the species from which it originated ;
which characters are not invariable or perma-
nent, or to be produced with certainty from
seeds of the variety.

A variety will sometimes reproduce itself for
several generations, and at length recur to its
original type. We should otherwise find in a
wild state the beautiful double and variegated
plants produced by art in our gardens, but
barren when arising from hybridity.

The specific character of a species being in-
variable, is always to be found in its varieties.
But the monsters or double flowers produced by
gardeners being barren, and perpetuated only
by grafting, layers, or suckers, sometimes lose
the specific character ; as in the case of the
Rosa apetala, which does not retain one of its
specific characters.*

Having laid down the ground-work of a the-
ory, we are bound to inquire into the pretences
on which botanists have established more than
a hundred species of the rose ; asserting that
they have discovered sufficient organic distinc-
tions between each, to create this extensive

* Some plants of the Damask moss rose, raised in a
clergyman's garden at Tinwell, in Rutlandshire, have,
during the present year, lost their moss, and assumed
the appearance of the common Hundred-leaved.

66 THE BOOK OF ROSES,

series ; and insisting upon superficial character,
or aspect, as a sufficient motive for the sepa-
ration of species.

Nothing can be more deceptive than such
distinctions. We have already entered minutely
into the fallacies arising from the establishment
of species on specific character ; let us now con-
sider what reliance is to be placed on aspect, or
appearance.

There is certainly more external difference
between a pug-dog with short legs and flat
nose, and the greyhound with pointed nose and
long legs, than between the mastiff and the
wolf, — the wolf-dog and the fox, — the grey-
hound and the jackal. There is more difference
between a delicate lady's lap-dog and a huge
Danish carriage-dog, which is as large as a
calf, — between the naked-skinned Turkish dog
and the long-haired silky spaniel, — than be-
tween the ass and the horse, the leopard and
the panther.

Yet the pug-dog, the greyhound, the spaniel,
the Turkish dog, and the Danish, are all indi-
viduals of the same species, and produce by
inter-alliance offspring capable of reproduc-
tion. Whereas, the mastiff and wolf, wolf-dog
and fox, ass and horse, leopard and panther,
produce only mules, or barren offspring ; nor
does their union ever take place in a state
of nature.

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 67

Yet no varieties of roses, derived from the
three distinctive physiological species we wish
to establish, differ so much from each other as
the pug and the greyhound. Why, therefore,
attempt to establish these varieties as species,
while the species DOG is only divided into
breeds or Varieties ? This confusion of scien-
tific terms has been inexcusably created; since
the Noisette rose, avowedly a hybrid and bar-
ren, has been erected into a species on account
of its superficial distinctions. Professor Lindley
alludes to the creation of a species in com-
pliment to a friend; while even double roses,
or monsters, have been admitted to form species !

Great difficulties are likely to arise from this
groundless multiplication of species ; to which,
indeed, no limitation can be placed from the
moment hybrid or barren roses are admitted
to form species. In the case of the Rosa rubi-
ginosa hybrida ferox, which was obtained by
Monsieur Prevost from the seed of the Rosa
rubiginosa, instead of concluding that the rubi-
ginosa andferox were tribes of the same species,
he immediately classed it among rubiginous
roses. Species have been actually formed by
the different roses produced from the same
seed in different climates.

Our motives for the adoption of three species,
in preference to the multitude lately created,
are as follow. Accepting as specific charac-

68 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

ters only such as are invariable, and having
minutely examined the organic distinctions
between all the species of roses now in cultiva-
tion, we decide that only two characters are
invariable, — a pure yellow colour, as opposed to
white or red ; and single leaves, as opposed to
composite. On these grounds, we propose as
species exhibiting invariable characters : —

I. The Rosa simplicifolia, or berberifolia,
having flowers of a pure yellow, thorns (in its
natural state) composite, and single leaves.

II. The Rosa lutea, flowers of a pure yel-
low, single thorns, composite leaves.

III. The Rosa mutabilis, pink flowers vary-
ing in every shade from white to crimson,
thorns single, leaves composite.

All the roses in existence we consider but as
families or varieties derived from these funda-
mental types, the mere result of accident or
difference of culture or climate. The roses of
Asia, for instance, resemble each other; the
roses of America resemble each other ; the roses
of Europe resemble each other ; while we find
the greatest difference of aspect between the
roses of Asia and the roses of America, and the
characters of each may be changed by trans-
plantation to a different climate and mode of
cultivation. But no change of climate or culti-

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 69

vation has ever served to convert a yellow rose
into a red one ; or to produce composite leaves
on a fertile Barberry-leaved rose, or single leaves
on a fertile Rosa lutea.

Under these three species, therefore, we shall
class our descriptive enumeration of all the
varieties of roses now in existence, as con-
tained in Part II.

70 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE ROSE.

THE following authors are to be consulted
concerning the progressive cultivation of the
rose.

Among the antients, Herodotus, Aristotle,
Theophrastus, and Anthenseus; from which au-
thorities we learn that double varieties were
cultivated in their time ; among others, the Hun-
dred-leaved rose. Pliny has given a description
of several species; but singularly enough, omits
the celebrated rose growing in the neighbour-
hood of Psestum,* commemorated by Virgil.

During the dark ages, botany appears to
have been wholly neglected ; and nothing has
reached us from that period concerning the
rose, except that it is expressly recommended
to cultivation in the Institutes of Charlemagne.
— C Capitularium de Villis et Curtis).

In the sixteenth century, botany became a
science; and the rose found an historian in
Lobel, who described and caused to be en-

* In allusion to the " biferi rosaria Peesti," Lindley
mentions that the only rose found by Mr. Woods in the
neighbourhood of Peestum, was the Rosa sempervirens.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 71

graved, in 1581, ten sorts of roses. In 1620,
Bauhin increased the number to nineteen.

From that period, the study of roses has been
unintermittingly pursued, and new species con-
stantly established. In 1784, Murray, in an
edition of the works of Linnaeus published at
Gottingen^ described twenty-one species ; in
1797, Willdenow, in a similar work, described
thirty-six ; and Persoon, in his Synopsis,
forty-six.

The celebrated Gardeners' Dictionary of Mil-
ler, translated into several languages, contains a
valuable treatise upon the rose; establishing,
in the year 1785, thirty-one species. This work,
revised by Professor Martyn of Cambridge, af-
fords a detailed account of the varieties culti-
vated in Great Britain. A splendid illustrated
work by Miss Lawrence, being a folio collec-
tion of coloured plates, was published in London
about thirty years ago.

In 1811, the Baron Dumont de Courset, a
highly intelligent florist, published a second
edition of his work, " Le Botaniste Cultivateur,"
in which he enumerates thirty-seven species of
roses cultivated in his gardens at Courset, near
Boulogne-sur-Mer. In the article on Botany
of the French Encyclopedia, (written by La-
marck and Poiret,) the number of species wa*
augmented to sixty-five.

72 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

Bosc, in an article upon the rose in the
" Dictionnaire d' Agriculture," has reduced the
number of species to forty-two.

But the most splendid work published on
this interesting subject, is that of Monsieur
Redoute, being a collection of plates after the
exquisite paintings of that celebrated flower-
painter, with an illustrative text by M. Thory
to the folio edition, and by M. Pyrolle to the
octavo. A continuation of the work is carried
on under the name of Redoute by one of his
pupils, but the plates are far more beautiful
than correct.

A Monography of the Genus Rosa was pub-
lished by the botanist Andrews, in 1787. In
1820 was published, in one volume octavo, the
valuable botanical history of roses of Professor
Lindley, entitled a " Monograph of Roses ;" and
in 1818 appeared a "Nomenclature raisonnee
du Genre Rosier," by Monsieur de Pronville;
and four years afterwards, the " Sommaire gene-
ral de la Monographic du Rosier." In 1824,
the same author published a French translation
of Lindley's work, — the most complete and va-
luable that has yet appeared.

Two works on the same subject have ap-
peared in Germany ; — an account of the roses
cultivated in the neighbourhood of Wurzberg,
" Enumeratio Rosarum circa Virceburgum, "

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 73

published in 1816, at Nuremberg; and a more
comprehensive one, published first in 1800 at
Leipsick, with engravings, by Rossig.

The memoirs of the Society of Physical Sci-
ences, of Lausanne, contain a valuable article
inserted, in 1784, by Monsieur Reignier.

In 1829, Desportes published his catalogue
of the roses cultivated in France, to the num-
ber of 2562 species or varieties ; and about the
same time, Monsieur Prevost, of Rouen, put
forth his valuable work, entitled "Catalogue
descriptif, methodique, et raisonne des Especes,
varietes, et sous-varietes du Genre Rosier,'7
which is the most useful and comprehensive
of those published in France.

More recently, a treatise on the monography
of the rose has been published in France, in
the Encyclopedia of Arts and Sciences, by
Monsieur Boitard, from which is derived the
greater portion of information contained in the
present work.

The transactions and publications of the Hor-
ticultural Society of London are too well known
to require citation ; we must, however, be per-
mitted to refer to an article on Scotch roses, by
Mr. Sabine, (Hort. Trans, iv. p. 231,) as well
as to Loudon's Gardener's Magazine for 1834,
35, and 36, containing several valuable notices,
by Rivers and others.

74 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

PHARMACOPOEIA OF THE ROSE.

IT is not surprising that the most beautiful
and fragrant of flowers should have found en-
thusiasts to celebrate its virtues ; and more than
one volume has been published in honour of its
medicinal properties. Hermann, in his " Dis-
sertatio inauguralis botanico-medica de Rosa,"
published in 1762, did not hesitate to announce
it as a specific cure for all the maladies in exis-
tence, and to assert that a whole Pharmacopoeia
was concentrated in the rose. Hippocrates was
however the first to enlarge upon its virtues.

The medical properties of the rose may be
comprised in a very narrow compass.

First, as regards the spongy substance found
on certain rose-trees, particularly on the hedge
or dog rose, known in medicine under the
name of the rose-gall, which proceeds from
the sting of an insect called by Linnseus the
cynips roses. This spongy or filamentous tuft
is sometimes as large as an egg ; either round
or oval, green or of a reddish hue, having an
acrid taste. The antients regarded this ex-

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 75

crescence as a powerful astringent; but sub-
jected to analysis, its imaginary properties
have disappeared, and it is no longer used in
medicine.

The Provins rose, or Rosa Gallica of Linnseus,
is still in use. The rose-leaves are stripped,
just as the bud is on the point of expanding,
that they may lose nothing of their flavour and
colour, and carefully separated from the calyx,
stamens, and pistils. Some persons even remove
the base of the petal ; but this minute and
tedious operation appears superfluous.

In their original freshness, the petals of the
Provins rose have a bitter and rather acrid taste,
and are moderately fragrant. They must be
dried as rapidly as possible, in an oven slightly
heated ; for if dried by exposure to the sun,
they lose considerably in fragrance and medical
virtue. Six pounds of fresh rose-leaves are
necessary to produce a single pound available
in pharmacy. As the Provins rose alone is
desirable for the purpose, its petals are to be
recognised as of a fine deep red, yellow at the
base ; each petal being of moderate size. If
pale in colour, and neither bitter nor acrid to
the taste, they should be rejected as spurious.

The eglantine, or Rosa canina of Linnseus,
was formerly used in medicine, when the root
was considered a specific in cases of hydro-
phobia, and the petals in disorders of the eyes.

E2

76 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

It is now ascertained that neither root nor
petals contain any peculiar chemical properties.
The fruit is still used under the name of cynor-
rhodon, or cynosbatos, having a sweetish but
somewhat acrid taste, and no smell.

The fruit of the Dog rose is gathered for
drying in the month of September. The heps
of the Rosa rubiginosa, lutea, or arvensis, may
be used in the same manner.

The petals of the Rosa moschata, formerly
used in medicine, are still in repute in the south
of Europe ; and the petals of the double Pom-
pon rose of Champagne, and of the monthly
rose, are occasionally used for the same pur-
poses as those of the Provins. From the
petals of the Hundred-leaved rose, and still
more of the rose of Four Seasons, rose-water is
made; syrup of roses, oil of roses, and other
medicaments are prepared from the same flower,
more especially the essence so exquisitely dis-
tilled from the Damask roses of Persia and
Turkey, under the name of atar gul, or attar
of roses.

For purposes of perfumery, the Rosa Belgica
is cultivated in France as the Rose de Put-
eaux ; which village abounds with hedges and
even fields of roses. The Rosa Portlandica is
sometimes used in England for the same pur-
pose ; but the petals of the Belgian rose yield
the greatest quantity of essential oil.

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 77

Should an amateur possessing a plantation
of this rose, feel inclined to use it for pur-
poses of distillation, the following process will
suffice : —

Take an earthen pot or jar, well glazed inside,
wide in the mouth, narrow at the bottom, about
fifteen iriches high ; and place over the mouth
a strainer of clear coarse muslin, to contain a
considerable quantity of rose-leaves, of some
highly fragrant kind. Cover them with a
second strainer of the same material, and close
the mouth of the jar with an iron lid, or tin
cover, hermetically sealed. On this lid place
hot embers, either of coal or charcoal, that the
heat may reach the rose-leaves without scorch-
ing or burning them. The aromatic oil will
fall drop by drop to the bottom, with the water
contained in the petals. When time has been
allowed for extracting the whole, the embers
must be removed, and the vase placed in a cool
spot. Rose-water obtained in this mode is not
so durable as that obtained in the regular way
by a still ; but it serves all ordinary purposes.

Small alembics of copper with a glass capi-
tal, may be used in three different ways.

In the first process, the still or alembic must
be mounted on a small brick furnace, and fur-
nished with a worm long enough to pass through
a pan of cold water. The petals of the rose,
being carefully picked so as to leave no ex-

78 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

traneous parts, should be thrown into the
boiler of the still with a little water. The
great point is to keep up a moderate fire in the
furnace, such as will cause the vapour to rise
without imparting a burnt smell to the rose-
water. The operation is ended when the rose-
water, which falls drop by drop in the tube,
ceases to be fragrant. That which is first con-
densed has very little scent ; that which is next
obtained is the best; and the third and last
portion is generally a little burnt in smell, and
bitter in taste.

In a very small still, having no worm, the
condensation must be produced by linen, wetted
in cold water, applied round the capital. A
third method consists in plunging the boiler
of the still into a larger vessel of boiling water

O O

placed over a fire ; when the rose-water never
acquires the burnt flavour to which we have
alluded. By another process, the still is placed
in a boiler filled with sand instead of water,
and heated to the necessary temperature. But
this requires attention, or it is apt to commu-
nicate a baked flavour.

Syrup of roses may be obtained from Belgian,
or monthly roses, picked over, one by one, and
the base of the petal removed. In a China jar
prepared with a layer of powdered sugar, place
a layer of rose-leaves about half an inch thick ;
then of sugar, then of leaves, till the vessel is

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 79

full. On the top, place a fresh wooden cover,
pressed down with a weight. By degrees, the
rose-leaves produce a highly-coloured, highly-
scented syrup; and the leaves form a colour-
ing-matter for liqueurs.

The Pastilles du Serail, sold in France as
Turkish,- in rosaries and other ornaments, are
made of the petals of the Belgian or Puteaux
rose, ground to powder and formed into a paste
by means of liquid gum. Ivory-black is mixed
with the gum to produce a black colour ; and
cinnabar or vermilion, to render the paste either
red or brown. It may be modelled by hand,
or in a mould ; and when dried in the sun, or
a moderate oven, attains sufficient hardness to
be mounted in gold or silver.

MONOGRAPHY OF THE ROSE.

SPECIES,
VARIETIES, AND SUB-VARIETIES

SPECIES I.

Rosa Simplicifolia, or Single-leafed Rose,

otherwise

Rosa Berberifolia, or Barberry-leafed.
Hultemia Berberifolia.
Lorvea Berberifolia.

SPECIFIC CHARACTERS.

Shrub, from one to three feet high; very glaucous.

Branches, slight pale brown.

Thorns, slight, arched, sometimes composite, springing
in pairs at the foot of the leafstalks and branches.

Leaves, small, simple, oval, downy, finely and singly
toothed.

Flowers, small, solitary, star-shaped, yellow, spotted
with deep crimson at the base of the petals ; fra-
grant ; resembling a cistus.

E 3

82 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

Stipules, none.

Stamens, not numerous.

Styles, bristly.

Ovules, oblong, about twenty-five in number.

Fruit, crowned with sepals, round, downy, covered
almost to the sepals with unequal prickles.

Origin, the environs of Amadan ; the foot of the moun-
tains of Elvind; the desert of Songarico ; and
various parts of Persia and Chinese Tartary.

The simple-leafed, or barberry-leafed rose, is rare
in England and France, on account of the difficulty
of its cultivation. It flourishes best in bog-earth, and
grafted on the Rosa spinosissima its flowers become
larger, but it is not durable. There is a fine specimen
in the gardens of the Horticultural Society.

SPECIES II.

Rosa Lutea, or Yellow Rose, otherwise
Rosa Eglanteria.
Rosa Sulfurea.

SPECIFIC CHARACTERS.

Shrub, from four to nine feet high.

Branches, yellowish brown, more or less prickly.

Thorns, uneven, pale, straight, scattered ; the strongest

crooked, the weakest bristly.
Suckers, straight, bristly.
Leaves, more or less glaucous ; from five to seven

leaflets.

Stipules, narrow, dilated, divaricated at the summit.
Leafstalks, naked or cottonous, sometimes glandulous,

sometimes bristly.

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 83

Leaflets, elliptic or oval, simply or doubly toothed, on
the upper surface of a greyish or blackish green :
beneath, glaucous, and hairy.

Flowers, large, single, solitary, of a jonquil yellow.

Bracteal leaves, wanting.

Peduncle, naked, sometimes glandulous.

Tube of the calyx, hemispherical, very rarely oval.

Disk, th%k.

Sepals, simple, or very little divided.

Petals, cordiform, or heart-shaped.

Styles, hairy, detached.

Fruit, at maturity, globular.

This shrub grows spontaneously in Piedmont,
Provence, and the hedges in the neighbourhood of
Soissons.

Rosa Eglanteria, or Yellow Eglantine.
Rosa Foetida.
Rosa Chloropliylla.
Rosa Cerea.

Shrub, having few branches ; four feet high in gardens,

seven or eight in a natural state.
Thorns, pale, almost equal, scattered.
Suckers, covered with prickles and bristles.
Leaves, sometimes glossy and viscous, especially in

spring.
Leaflets, seven or nine ; elliptic or oval, concave, naked,

smooth on the upper surface, glandulous, fragrant,

and sometimes downy beneath ; doubly toothed.
Stipules, narrow, entire, smooth, fringed with glands.

curled under at the base ; dilated, and flat at the

summit.

84 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

Petioles, naked or cottonous, occasionally glandulous.

Flowers, large, single, of a deep yellow ; solitary, ex-
haling a disagreeable odour, blowing in May.

Peduncle, and Tube of calyx, glossy, oval or globular.

Sepals, somewhat glandulous and hispid; three of
them almost invariably bearing from three to five
slight appendages.

Disk, thick.

Styles, bristly, detached.

Fruit, globular, crowned with reflexed sepals.

This beautiful shrub, which is found in the south of
France, is difficult of cultivation. The fruit almost in-
variably dries up after the flowering, and becomes
abortive.

1 . Rosa Lutea Bicolor, or Nasturtium Rose.
Rosa Eglanteria Punicea.

Rosa Punicea.
Rosa Cinnamomea.

This sub-variety differs from its type in bearing
flowers of a pale yellow without, and deep orange
within. Sub-varieties are cultivated at Lyons bear-
ing yellow and red flowers on the same tree.

2. Rosa Lutea Pallida, or Pale Yellow Rose.

Branches, thorny.

Flowers, of a sulphur colour.

3. Spinosissima Lutea, or Thorny Yellow.

"Differing from its type by flowers of a very pale
colour, by branches more leafy, and smaller leaflets.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 85

4. Rosa Flava Plena Flare, or Full Yellow

Rose.

Rosa Lutea Multiplex.
Rosa Hemisphcerica.
Rosa Glaucophylla.
Rosa Sulphurea.
Rosa Lutea.

Shrub, eight or nine feet high, branches of a yellow-
ish brown, more or less armed with pale, scattered,
unequal thorns.

Leaves, of a glaucous green, composed of from five to
nine leaflets, of an elliptic form, oblong or ovoi'd,
obtuse, with sharp teeth, deep, and usually simple.

Stipules, narrow, flat, dilated, forked, and notched at
the summit, without pubescence.

Petioles, somewhat glandulous.

Flowers, large, very full, globular, and regular, of a
fine pure yellow

Peduncle, > either naked Qr glandulous

Calyx, 5

This is one of the most beautiful roses ; but it is
very uncertain in the flowering, more particularly if
the shrub be submitted to the pruning knife. It is con-
sidered that the flowers expand more freely in moist
or marshy soils. It is rarely known to flower within
four or five miles of London.

5. Rosa Sulphurea Minor, or Small Yellow Rose.

Shrub, dwarfed.

Branches, slight, covered to the tips with bristly hairs.

Thorns, wanting.

Leaves, very close together, with small leaflets.

86 THE BOOK OP ROSES.

Flowers, diminutive, of a sulphur-yellow, but less nu-
merous than in the larger variety ; expanding with
even greater uncertainty.

SPECIES III.— FIRST TRIBE.

Rosa Ferox, or Hedgehog Rose.

Rosa Rugosa, called in Japan Ramanas.

Rosa Kamschatica.

SPECIFIC CHARACTERS.

Shrub, from three to five feet high.

Branches, drooping, covered with permanent down,
and armed with unequal thorns, very close, and
growing in pairs and group es.

Leaves, wrinkled and opaque.

Stipules, large, dilated at the extremity, cottonous or
hairy, glandulous and curling at the edges ; some-
times wanting.

Leaflets, varying from five to nine ; downy, pale under-
neath, very slightly toothed at the edge, oval.

Petioles, prickly, often armed with straight slender
thorns.

Flowers, solitary, crimson.

Bracteal leaves, large and elliptic, or wanting.

Peduncle, thorny, naked at the summit; sometimes
prickly at the base.

Sepals, very narrow, downy.

Stamens, from one hundred and fifty to one hundred
and eighty-five in number.

Ovules, from fifty to sixty.

Styles, bristly, detached.

Fruit, spherical, scarlet, naked.

Origin, the most eastern countries of Asia.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 87

I. Porcupine, or Hedgehog Rose.

Stem, from four to five feet high.

Branches, slender, drooping, pale, pubescent, armed

with rigid unequal thorns.
Leaves, wrinkled, of a lively green.
Stipules, regular.
Petioles, glandulous, bristly.
Thorns, yellowish, almost straight.
Leaflets, elliptic, slightly toothed.
Flowers, single, large, red.
Floral leaves, almost orbicular, and edged with glands

or bristles.

Sepals, triangular, sometimes composite.
Petals, concave, heart-shaped, undulated.
Disk, rather raised.
Pericarp, yellow and bristly.
Origin, the Caucasian mountains.

This shrub is found at the foot of Caucasus, and
cultivated in the botanical gardens of England and
France. Its large purple flowers appear in April and
May, previous to the scented varieties, if the shrub is
vigorous and kept closely trimmed.

II. Rosa Rugosa, or Wrinkled Rose.

This shrub, a native of Japan, is known to us only
by drawings and descriptions, not always to be relied
upon. It is called by the Japanese, the Ramanas.

III. Rosa Kamschatica, or Kamschatkan Rose.

Stem, three or four feet high.

Branches, pale brown, the thorns and bristles becoming
deciduous with age.

88 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

Thorns, stipular, large, bent, springing three or four

together, the intermediate ones shorter than the

others.

Leaves, grey, opaque.

Stipules, fringed and glandulous at the edge.
Petioles, thornless.
Lea/lets, rounded at the summit, simply and deeply

toothed at the extremity; the teeth callous.
Flowers, deep red.

Flowerstalk, purple, hairy at the base.
Calyx, globular, naked.
Sepals, slightly glandulous, enlarged at the extremity,

longer than the petals.
Petals, heart-shaped.
Stamens, from one hundred and sixty to one hundred

and seventy.
Disk, high, apparent.
Ovules, fifty in number.

This rose grows spontaneously in Kamschatka. It
has many sub-varieties.

1. KamscJiatwa Simplex, or Single Kam-

schatkan Rose.
Colour, pale violet.

Parnassina.
Damassina.
Shrub, having erect branches, armed with unequal

straight thorns.
Leaves, composed of seven leaflets, long, half-closed,

cottonous underneath, veined with red.
Flowers, united in clusters, of from three to five, on
each peduncle ; full, well formed, of a deep pink.
A variety obtained by Stephen Noisette.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 89

SECOND TRIBE OF SPECIES III.

Rosa Bracteata, or Bracteated Rose.

Rosa Involucrata.

Rosa Lyellii.

Rosa Clynophylla.

Rosa Palustris.

Rosa Lucida.

Rosa Macartnea.

SPECIFIC CHARACTERS.

Branches, downy, or hairy.

Thorns, placed in pairs under the stipules.

Leaves, composed of from three to nine leaflets.

Stipules, more or less distinct, hairy or bristly, pecti-
nated, with narrow capillary segments, the upper
part sometimes dilated and pinnated.

Leaflets, elliptic, lanceolated, and nearly oval ; gene-
rally naked, occasionally pale underneath, and
slightly bristled; notched.

Petioles, armed with a few crooked thorns.

Flowers, solitary and growing towards the top.

Petals, white, large, longer than the calyx.

Stamens, from three hundred and fifty to four hun-
dred.

Ovules, from one hundred and forty to one hundred
and seventy.

Sepals, entire, almost simple.

Tube of calyx, woolly, or downy.

Floral leaves, whole or pectinated ; bristly or woolly.

Disk, large and thick.

Fruit, globular, covered with close permanent down.

Origin, China and Nepaul.

90 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

I. Rosa Bracteolata.

Rosa Macartnea.
Shrub, bushy, dark green.
Branches, thick, straight, cottonous.
Thorns, strong, crooked, rather bristly.
Leafstalks, almost naked, or with small crooked thorns.
Leaflets, from five to nine, crenelated, rather oval,

glossy, of a darker green on the upper than the

under surface. Nerves scarcely visible.
Flowers, moderate-sized, milk white, solitary, almost ses-

sile among several floral leaves, blowing through-

out the summer.

Floral leaves, oval, bristly, finely pectinated.
Tube of the calyx, woolly.
Sepals, almost simple.
Petals, oval.
Disk, flat.

Styles, detached, naked.
Fruit, of an orange red.

Though a native of China, this shrub flourishes in
England, where it is used for covering walls and espa-
liers. In France, it is found susceptible to cold, and
should be covered with straw to the height of three
or four feet from the ground.

1. Scdbriusculis.

Branches, thin, bristly, with small, straight thorns,
intermingled with red or brown bristles, usually
glandulous.

Leaflets, rather smaller. (Obtained by Noisette.)

2. Macartney.

Without thorns or bristles, white flowers, the base of
the petals yellow.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 91

3. Maria Leonida.

Boughs, reddish, zig-zag, with fine red thorns.
Leaves, small, elliptic, dentated, glossy, and tough.
Flowers, expanding flesh-coloured, becoming white
after expansion ; double, numerous, lateral.

4. Double Macartney.

5. Very-double Macartney, (Rosa bracteata

flore pleno).
Shrub, branching.
Thorns, large, crooked.
Leaflets, tough, glossy, full.
Flowers, of a pinkish white.

II. Rosa Involucrata.

Rosa Palustris.

Branches, pale brown, flexible, downy.
Thorns, pale brown, enlarged at the base.
Stipules, detached, bristly, composite, with capillary

segments, and scattered glands. On vigorous

shoots the segments are shorter, and terminated

with small pinnated leaves.
Footstalks, feeble, bristly.
Leaflets, obtuse, notched, rather bristly.
Flowers, white, solitary, surrounded with three or four

close leaves.

Bracteal leaves, pectinated, woolly.
Flowerstalk, short and woolly.
Tube of the calyx, globular.
Sepals, entire.
Petals, emarginated.
Styles, bristly, and rather salient.

This rose, a native of Nepaul, is cultivated in the
open ground.

92 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

III. Rosa Lyellii.

Shrub, small, analogous to the bracteata.

Branches, very hairy, without bristles.

Thorns, straight.

Leaves, thick, displayed, longer than the articulations
of the stem.

Leaflets, seven, oblong, very glossy, naked on both
sides, simply toothed ; the mid-rib cottonous.

Stipules, hairy, cohesive, with narrow segments, some-
what glandulous.

Footstalks, cottonous, with crooked thorns.

Flowers, white, growing in bunches.

Floral leaves, distant from the calyx, linear, straight,
grey, entire.

Pedicelli, long and thin, glandulous.

Sepals, almost simple.
This rose-tree, brought by Dr. Wallich from Nepaul,

is only cultivated in England.

IV. Rosa Microphylla, or Smallest-leafed Rose.

Shrub, low, compact, pale green.

Branches, thin, smooth, flexible.

Thorns, stipular, geminated, straight.

Stipules, very narrow, enlarging at the summit.

Leafstalks, rather thorny, very weak.

Leaves, smooth, composite.

Leaflets, from five to thirteen, very small, glossy, round,
oval, lanceolated, pointed, finely toothed, without
pubescence; thorny underneath on the mid-rib,
which is very prominent.

Flowers, solitary, very double, pale pink more vivid in
the centre.

Bracteal leaves, accompanying the flower, narrow, lance-
olated, pointed, smooth, glandulous on the margin.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 93

Tube of the calyx, round, covered, as well as the divi-
sions, with straight close thorns, resembling those
of a horse-chesnut.

Sepals, dilated, pointed, cottonous on the margin,

formed like those of the Rosa bracteata.
This little shrub, a native of China, bears the cold

of our winters without injury. Lindley places it in

the tribe o&Rosa canina ; but on the whole, it bears a

closer affinity to the Macartney rose.

Rosa Microphylla Striata.

Differs very little from the preceding. The leaf is
composed of seven leaflets ; oval, finely and regularly
toothed, of a pale green colour. The thorns are reddish
in the young shoots.

V. Rosa Clynophylla, or Drooping-leafed Rose.

Skrub, bushy.

Stems, bristly.

Branches, slight, hairy.

Thorns, stipular, geminated.

Leaves, drooping.

Leaflets, oblong, elliptic, doubly-toothed, glossy on the

upper surface, downy on the under.
Leafstalks, glandulous, hairy, sometimes thorny.
Stipules, narrow, fringed, pointed.
Flowers, solitary.
Flower stalks, very short, hairy.

Tube of the calyx, round, hairy, sometimes accom-
panied with floral leaves.
Sepals, entire, pointed, bristly.

Petals, white, rather heart-shaped ; yellow at the base.
Fruit, round.

This is a variety which has been much celebrated,
but scarcely exists except in the beautiful drawing of
Redoute.

94 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

THIRD TRIBE OF SPECIES III.

Rosa Cinnamomea, or Cinnamon Rose.

Rosa Nitida.

Rosa Rubrispina.

Rosa Redutea Rubescens.

Rosa Rapa.

Rosa Lucida.

Rosa Fraxmifolia.

Rosa Laxa.

Rosa Parviflora.

Rosa Woodsu.

Rosa Carolina.

Rosa Blanda.

Rosa Taurica.

Rosa Davinia.

Rosa Aristata.

Rosa Majalis.

SPECIFIC CHARACTERS.

Shrub, dense and bushy.

Branches, red or reddish brown ; usually straight, some-
times glossy, or glaucous ; bristly, seldom thorny,
rarely cottonous.

Thorns, feeble, dissimilar, generally straight, scattered,
or stipular, in which case geminated ; bristly.

Suckers, erect, often very red ; always bristly near the
root, and sometimes thorny.

Reaves, long, lanceolated, without glands, generally of
a dark opaque green ; rarely either glossy or glau-
cous, but becoming purplish in autumn.

Stipules, narrow and linear ; long, naked, flat, some-
times widening at the point, which in that case
are bordered with teeth or glands, but not both.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 95

Leafstalks, feeble, seldom glandulous ; sometimes armed

with short thorns.
Flowers, red or pink, in clusters or bunches; rarely

geminated, never solitary, except by abortion ;

always bracteated.

Floral leaves, oval, lanceolated, sometimes cordiform.
Flowerstalks, bristly, seldom naked, sometimes glan-
dulous. „
Tube of the calyx, either globular or cup-shaped,

sometimes bristly.
Sepals, foiling after maturity ; generally oval, shorter

than the petals, but sometimes having a point

apparent beyond them.
Petals, oval, more or less heart-shaped.
Disk, unapparent; flat and thick.
Fruit, small, round, sometimes oblong, crowned with

sepals till ripe ; varying in all tints of red, orange,

and crimson.
Pericarp, small, smooth, lustrous.

This shrub is found chiefly in North America, and
the north of Europe.

SJartetwg.

I. Rosa Cinnamomea.
Rosa Fecundissima.
Rosa Majalis.

Shrub, greyish, from five to six feet high.
Branches, straight.
Thorns, strong, pale brown, geminated under the

stipules.

Suckers, clothed with bristles and thorns.
Leaves, close together.

Stipules, wide, concave, wrinkled, sometimes fringed,
reddish in the centre and at the edges.

96 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

Leafstalks, feeble, thornless.

Leaflets, five, or more rarely seven ; wrinkled, opaque,
greyish green on the upper surface, cottonous and
blue on the under; concave, lanceolated, simply
toothed.

Flowers, two or three together, or solitary ; small,
pale red.

Floral leaves, large, concave, cottonous, wrinkled,
blueish green, reddish at the base and edges.

Flowerstalk, naked.

Sepals, thornless ; very narrow, longer than the foot-
stalk, cottonous at the edges ; spreading on the
flowers, and convergent on the fruit.

Tube of calyx, not thorny,

Petals, rather heart-shaped, concave.

Disk, unapparent.

Styles, detached, very hairy.

Fruit, naked, round, crimson ; covered with dust, glau-
cous, crowned with sepals.

This variety grows spontaneously in the north of
Europe. Sub-varieties are cultivated in England and
France.

1 . Rosa Cinnamomea Fluvialis.
Rosa Fluvialis.
Rosa Arvensis.

Leaflets, oval.

Rosa Cinnamomea Gallica.

Shrub, sometimes between seven and eight feet high.
Thorns, pale, sometimes in threes under the stipules.
Flowers, red, fragrant.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 97

2. Rosa Majalis.
May Rose.
Spring Rose.
Rose du Saint Sacrement.

Branches, diffuse, slender, purple or glaucous.
Leafstalks, hairy, glandulous, with or without thorns.
Leaves, sometimes nine leaflets, very fibrous.
Flowers, small, very double, fragrant, of a lilac-pink,
appearing in May.

This sub-variety is a favourite in all gardens.

II. Rosa Majalis.
Rosa Mutica.

Rosa Majalis Spinosissima.
Rosa Collincola.

Shrub, from three to four feet high; very glaucous.

Branches, straight, rod-shaped.

TJwrns, feeble, straight, scattered, sub-stipular.

Suckers, bristly and thorny.

Stipules, straight, marginated.

Leafstalks, rather cottonous, armed with weak thorns,

small and straight.
Leaflets, usually seven; obtuse or oval; flat, simply

toothed, naked, glaucous on both sides, and rather

cottonous underneath.

Flowers, pale red, small, solitary, cup-shaped.
Floral leaves, oval or pointed, concave, naked.
Calyx, cottonous, with a small round tube.
Ftowerstalk, cottonous.
Sepals, longer than the petals, pointed, almost simple,

marginated.
Disk, unapparent.
Styles, detached.

98 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

Fruit, naked, globular, of a red-orange ; crowned with

sepals.

This rose is indigenous in the northern countries of
Europe ; Lapland, Sweden, Denmark, &c. It has been
confounded by botanists with the cinnamomea. In
gardens, it is rarely cultivated.

Rosa Majalis Canescens.

Differs only in the colour of its leaves, which are of
a whitish blue.

III. Rosa Fraximfolia, or Ash-leafed Rose.
Rosa Virgimana.
Rosa Blanda.
Rosa Corymbosa.
Rosa jUpina.

Shrub, thick, high, having the appearance of the Cin-
namon rose.
branches, straight, thornless, of a deep purple, covered

with a glaucous powder ; greyish at the base.
Suckers, armed at their base with stiff bristles.
Leafstalks, smooth.
Leaves, smooth, opaque.
Stipules, long, smooth, glaucous beneath, much toothed

towards the extremity, which is flat and dilated.
Lea/lets, from seven to five, lanceolated, simply toothed,
of a greyish green on the upper surface, and glau-
cous and nerved on the under.
Flowers, small, red, in clusters of two or three.
Flowerstalk, shorter than the leaves.
Floral leaves, large, elliptic, naked or fringed.
Tube of calyx, globular, naked, sometimes coloured.
Sepals, oval, narrow, entire, ending in a long point,
hispid underneath.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 99

Petals, slightly heart-shaped, rather convergent.
Disk, unapparent.

Styles, hairy, numerous, detached, not salient.
Fruit, small, round or oblong, of a dark red.

This rose is a native of Newfoundland, and has been
varied by cultivation in our gardens.

1. Rosa Fraxintfolia Simplex, or Single

Ash-leafed.

Leaflets, from seven to nine.

Footstalks, sometimes armed beneath with small thorns.

Bracteal leaves, toothed and undulated.

Fruit, of an orange-red.

Flowers in May and June.

2. Common *dsh- leafed Rose.

Leaflets, deeply toothed, crisped by their undulation.
Flowers, of a moderate size, single, pale pink expand-
ing in May or June.

3. Variegated Ash-leafed Rose.

Differing from the preceding by flowers marbled with
streaks of red on pinkish lilac.

4. Hudson's Bay Rose.

Leaves, of a less lively green, slightly glaucous under-
neath, teeth not so deep.
Peduncles, devoid of glaucous powder.
Floral leaves, less bulging.
Flowers, larger, and blowing later in the season.

F 2

100 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

IV. Rosa Blanda, or Elegant Hudson Bay's
Rose.

Shrub, high, of a dull appearance.

Branches, of a purplish brown, armed with bristles.

Thorns, scattered, pale, straight, uneven, deciduous with
age.

Stem, cottonous, thornless.

Leaves, rare, from five to seven leaflets.

Lea/lets, lanceolated, oftener oblong ; simply toothed,
naked, of a greyish green on the upper, and cot-
tonous on the under surface.

Leafstalk, hairy and sometimes thorny underneath.

Stipules, long, elliptic, rounded at the end, fringed with
glands.

Flowers, large, pink, solitary.

Peduncle, thornless, having scattered hairs and glands.

Tube of calyx, round.

Sepals, oval, glandulous, simple, terminated by a long
leaflet ; lanceolated or acuminated.

This rose is a native of North America. It differs
little from those of our gardens ; but we have a sub-
variety in the

Garden Hudson's Bay Rose.

Branches, slight, smooth, or slightly cottonous.

Stipules, very long, reaching to the first pair of leaf-
lets; narrow, entire, rolled at the edge, and cot-
tonous.

Flowers, of a brilliant pink, united in clusters of two or
three.

Petals, heart-shaped, with a point between their lobes.

Stamens, numerous, unequal, with capillary filaments.

Styles, hairy, straight, equal, non-salient.

This sub-variety flowers in July and August, and

yields very few suckers.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 101

V. Rosa Carolina, or Carolina Rose.
Rosa Virginiaca.
Rosa Palustris.
Rosa Corymbosa.
Rosa Pensylvanica.
JZosa Hudsoniana.

Shrub, from two to eight feet high.

Stem, straight, green, or of a purplish red, or brown.

Thorns, solitary or geminated under the stipules;

those of the suckers more numerous, straighter,

and mingled with hristles.
Stipules, very long, narrow, and curling underwards ;

naked, sometimes dentated and fringed.
Leafstalks, cottonous, sometimes armed with slight

thorns.
Lea/lets, seven, lanceolated, simply and finely toothed ;

smooth, and on the upper surface of a dark green ;

cottonous and somewhat glaucous on the under sur-
face ; falling early in autumn.
Flowers, expanding from July to September, of a deep

red ; in clusters of two or three.
Floral leaves, lanceolated, very concave, needle-shaped,

sometimes arched, cottonous at the edge.
Flowerstalk, hispid.

Calyx, spherical, hispid, of a dark green.
Sepals, entire, terminated by a long point, cottonous

at the edge.
Petals, concave or flat, often longer than the sepals,

undulated.
Disk, unapparent.
Styles, hairy.
Fruit, globular, hispid, scarlet; crowned with sepals

till maturity.

102 THE BOOK OP ROSES.

This variety, a native of the marshes of New Eng-
land, is the most variable of the species. It alters
under the influence of climate, soil, culture, and other
circumstances.

1. Common Carolina Hose.
Shrub, from six to seven feet high ; diffuse, very thorny,

bark of a reddish brown.
Thorns, strong, large, scattered, straight; numerous

at the base of branches ; crooked and placed under

the stipules at their summit.
Stipules, often red.
Leaflets, narrow, wasting at the edge, of a greyish

green, deeply toothed.
Floral leaves, entire.

Sepals, garnished with small, linear appendages.
flowers, single, of a pale pink.
Petals, shorter than the sepals.

This variety is easy of propagation, on account of
the number of suckers it throws up.

2. JRosa Carolina Palustris, or Marsh Rose.

(Larger than the preceding.)
Suckers, paler.
Branches, green and red.
Leaves, of a pale green.
Leafstalks, thorny.

Floral leaves, as long as the flowerstalk.
Calyx, globose at the base, sometimes tapering to-

wards the summit.
Sepals, simple.

Flowers, single, of a pale pink, with red stigmates.
Suckers, numerous ; propagation easy.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 103

3. Rosa Carolina Florida, or Virginian Rose.
Rosa Florida.

Rosa Enneophylla.

Rosa Virginia of English gardeners.

Shrub, bushy, round, low, not very thorny.

Stem, and. Branches, of a greyish brown ; twigs slight, of
a purple colour, and unarmed towards the summit.

Footstalks, with and without thorns.

Stipules, dentated at the summit.

Fowerstalk, scattered, with glandulous hairs.

Calyx, globose, hispid, glandulous.

Sepals, three, bearing together five thready appendages.

Flowers, single, of a bright, clear pink ; double-
bearing.

This shrub flowers from July to August, and again
in September.

4. Rosa Carolina Gemella, or Carolina Twin-

blowing Rose.

Differing only from its type by bearing flowers in
pairs, and having slenderer branches.

5. Rosa Corymbosa, or Cluster Rose.

Shrub, tall and branching.

Branches, rambling, dark green, or brownish purple,

at the base; sarmentous, or like a vine-branch.

towards the summit.

Thorns, always straight, scattered, never stipular.
Leaflets, plane, smooth, glossy, and shining on the

upper surface ; slightly pubescent on the under.
Flowers, pink, standing on a branching flowerstalk ;

disposed in loose elegantclusters; expanding earlier

than the preceding varieties.

104 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

6. Hudson Rose, with semi-double clusters.

Branches, vine-like, flexile, long, of a reddish dark-
green, almost thornless ; hairy flowerstalks.

Leaflets, cottonous underneath, slightly toothed.

Flowers, semi-double, of moderate size ; pale pink, in-
clining to lilac ; in multifloral clusters.

7. Willow-leafed Hudson Rose.

Branches, vine-like, thin, long, flexible, reddish green,

unarmed at the summit, armed at the base.
Leaves, having five leaflets, pointed, smooth, shining,

pale and glaucous underneath.
Flowerstalk, smooth above the floral leaves, glandulous

below.
Tube of the calyx, smooth ; sepals as long as the

petals, having sometimes on the point three fila-

mental appendages.
Flowers, moderate-sized, semi-double, of a lilac-pink.

8. Rosa Corymbosa Fulgens, or Brilliant

Cluster Hose.

Branches, elongated, vine-shaped, green and dark
brown ; with a few strong thorns at the base.

Leafstalks, hairy, thornless.

Leaflets, seven, smooth and shining on the upper sur-
face, pale underneath, with the mid-rib slightly
pubescent.

Floral leaves, very long.

Tube of calyx, short, globular, generally smooth.

Sepals, long, leafy, bearing three filamental appendages.

Flowers, two inches and a half wide, semi-double ; of
a light violet at the margin, brilliant purple in
the centre.

A very rich flower.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 105

9. Full-cluster Rose.

Leaflets, lanceolated or oval, smooth, lustrous, pale
underneath.

Leafstalks, thorny, with glandulous hairs at the base.

Stipules, entire, or slightly toothed.

Flowerstalk, smooth below the floral leaves, hairy and
glandulous above.

Sepals, sorter than the petals, three of them bearing
linear appendages.

Flowers, moderate-sized, double, of a uniform lilac-
pink.

10. Faustina.

Flower-branches, unarmed.

Thorns, slight, rare, scattered.

Stipules, entire, enlarged towards the summit.

Leaflets, smooth, shining on the upper surface, not

toothed at the base.
Peduncle, hairy, glandulous.
Floral leaves, entire, oval, lanceolated.
Tube of the calyx, globular, hairy at the base.
Sepals, glandulous, simple.
Flowers, small, half-double ; bright crimson, almost

purple.

VI. Rosa TFoodsn, or Wood's Rose.
Rosa Luteo-Nigra.
Rosa Sabini.

Shrub, moderately high, forming an upright bush.

Branches, dark brown.

Thorns, very numerous, straight, feeble, scattered,

intermingled on the same branch with bristles ;

often stipulary at the extremity of the branches.

the stipules wanting towards the base.

F 3

106 THE BOOK OP ROSES.

Leaves, composite ; of seven or nine leaflets.

Stipules, very narrow, sharp, curled.

Leafstalk, armed with viscous thorns.

Leaflets, glossy, simply toothed, pale underneath.

Flowers, single, of a pale pink ; appearing in May and

June.

Flowerstalk, devoid of glands.
Sepals, short, coherent.
Fruit, naked, oval, devoid of glands.

This rose is a native of the Missouri ; it is cultivated
in the botanical gardens of Europe.

VII. Rosa Parvifolia, or Small-leafed Rose.
Rosa Carolina.
Rosa Hermilis
Rosa Caroliniana.
Rosa Parviflora.

Shrub, low, feeble, branching.

Suckers, covered with deciduous bristles.

Branches, slender, of a reddish brown, bearing thorns

in pairs under the stipules.
Stipules, narrow, naked, rather curved ; divaricated at

the extremity.

Leafstalks, naked, rarely pubescent.
Leaves, composed of five or seven leaflets.
Leaflets, lanceolated, pointed, finely and simply toothed ;

rather glossy, smooth, with the midrib somewhat

prominent, and hairy underneath.
Flowers, appearing in June and August ; single, flesh-
coloured, pale, sometimes in pairs, sometimes

clusters.
Floral leaves, oval or heart-shaped; spotted, rather

hairy.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 107

Flowerstalk, glandulous, composite.
Tube of calyx, globular, small, flattened.
Sepals, generally simple, glandulous ; viscous at the
edges, terminated by a long, linear, lanceolated leaf.
Fruit, small, red, globular.

This variety, a native of Carolina, is delicate and
difficult of propagation. It succeeds best in very light
ground, %r in bog-earth.

1. Single Small-flowering Rose.

Varies from the preceding by suckers more thorny ;
branches slenderer, red on the side towards the sun.

Leafstalks, armed underneath with thorns.

Leaflets, usually seven, small, narrow, lanceolated, some-
times linear ; glandulous under the intermediary
nerves.

Flowers, united in clusters of two, three, or more
single, of a moderate size, bright pink.

Petals, sloped.

Stamens, numerous, unequal.

Tube of calyx, elongated in the throat.

Fruit, glossy.

2. Pensylvanian Double-flowering Rose.

Branches, slight, rather purple, branching.

Thorns, thin and long ; stipulary.

Leaves, from five to seven leaflets.

Leaflets, oblong, oval, occasionally sharp; lanceolated.

Leafstalks, pubescent.

Flowers, small, double, of a bright flesh-colour in the
centre, shading paler to the circumference ; blow-
ing in clusters about July and August.

108 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

Sepals, hairy, viscous, and glandulous ; terminated by
a linear or lanceolated leaflet, three of them pro-
ducing five or seven long linear appendages.

Tube of calyx, sometimes turbinated, or top-shaped.

3. Pensylvanian Large Paler-flowering Rose.

Shrub, a thick regular-formed bush.

Branches, generally green, thorny ; the thorns less
red, and straighter than those of its type ; some-
times solitary under the stipules.

Leaflets, closer together, and larger in the centre.

Peduncle, Floral leaves, and Sepals, never tinged with
red.

Flowers, very large, flesh-coloured.

Petals, large, very little sloped.

Fruit, scarlet, globular.

VIII. Rosa Nitida, or Brilliant Rose.
Rosa Ritbrispina.
Rosa Blanda.
Rosa Redutea Rubescens.
Shrub, a low reddish bush.
Branches, much ramified, straight, covered with weak

thorns, mingled with bristles.
Leaves, dark green, becoming purple in autumn.
Stipules, flat, naked, slightly toothed, oval at the ex-
tremity.
Leaflets, lanceolated, narrow, naked, simply dentated,

slightly nerved ; three to seven.
Footstalks, naked and weak.
Flowers, cup-shaped, of a brilliant red.
Petals, rather heart-shaped, concave, united in small

clusters.

Floral leaves, oval or lanceolated, smooth, undulous,
fragrant.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 109

Flowerstalk, bearing equal bristles.

Tube of calyx, almost spherical, bristly.

Sepals, shorter than the petals, without down or

bristles.

Stamens, from a hundred to a hundred and thirty.
Disk, flat and thick.
Ovules, from thirty to thirty-five.
Styles, enclosed, hairy, and detached.
Fruit, globular, rather hispid, of a brilliant scarlet.

This variety is cultivated in some collections under
the name of the Dwarf Rose of Labrador. It is a native
of Newfoundland;- and was first brought to England
in 1773.

IX. Rosa Rapa^ or Turnip Rose.
Rosa Turgida.
Rosa Fraxinifolia.

Shrub, vigorous, without bristles, provided with a few

straight, pale, hairy thorns.
Sitckers, very red, armed with scattered thorns, of which

the largest are curved, and mixed with red bristles.
Leaves, far apart, tinted with red, which becomes

deeper in autumn.
Leaflets, from three to nine, simply or doubly dentated ;

smooth, undulous.
Stipules, flat, naked, undulous, finely toothed, narrow

or dilated.
Leafstalks, short, straight, bearing few thorns, and few

glands.
Flowers, double, numerous, pale red, in clusters of two,

three, or more.
Floral leaves, oval-lanceolated, acuminous, open, long,

finely dentated.
Flowerstalk, bristly, glandulous, rough.

110 THE BOOK OP ROSES.

Tube of calyx, cup-shaped, rough at its extremity, like

the flowerstalk.
Sepals, composite, hispid outside, prolonged to a point

beyond the petals.
Receptacle, very large, containing hairy styles.

This variety is a native of North America.

1. Single-blossomed Turnip Rose.
Shrub, branching.
Branches, unarmed at the extremity, bristles at the

base.

Leaves, composed of from seven to nine leaflets.
Leaflets, pale green, not glossy ; oblong lanceolated,

smooth, undulated.
Footstalks, smooth, red, having occasionally small

thorns, or red bristles underneath.
Stipules, long, smooth, with glandulous teeth.
Flowerstalk, very short.
Flowers, single, small, of a uniform pale pink ; united

into clusters of two, three, or more.
Sepals, glandulous, simple, or bearing from three to

five appendages.
Fruit, large, flattened.

2. Rosa Hudsoniana, or Hudson's Rose.

Shrub, having slenderer branches, without thorns.
Leaves, composed of seven leaflets, sometimes five or

nine.
Leaflets, oval, lanceolated ; simply dentated ; rather

glaucous underneath.
Footstalk, red, thorny.
Flowerstalk, long, with glandulous hairs ; fragrant as

in the sepals.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. Ill

Flowers, moderate-sized, double ; the circumference of
a pale lilac, more brilliant in the centre ; appear-
ing in June and July.

This sub-variety, named after the celebrated tra-
veller Hendrik Hudson, will not flower if trimmed
too close.

3. Tyrneps Macrocarpa, or Large-fruited

Turnip Rose.

Branches, naked at the summit, thorny or bristly at

the base.
Leaves, composed of seven, and occasionally of nine

leaflets, distant from each other, smooth.
Flowers, moderate in size, semi-double, regular, of a

cherry-coloured red, sometimes solitary, sometimes

in clusters of two or three ; appearing in June

and July.
Flowerstalk, short.
Tube of calyx, short ; narrow in the throat, very wide

at the base.
Fruit, very large, depressed, of a red-orange.

4. Rosa Turneps Bicolor.

Branches, marked with large red or brown spots.
Leaves, composed of seven or nine small leaflets:
Leaflets, oblong or egg-shaped ; smooth, with simple

or double toothing.
Flowers, small or moderate, semi-double, irregular, pale

pink at the edge, and very bright in the centre ; in

clusters of two or three, rarely solitary, appearing

in June and July.
Tube of calyx, very short, flat, and wide at the base.

The glands of the sepals, flowerstalk, and calyx, give
out a scent resembling sandal-wood.

112 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

5. Rosa Compton.

Branches, divergent, with red thorns; the stipulary

thorns strong, long, and straight.
Leaves, having seven or nine leaflets.
Leaflets, oblong, oval, large, and smooth.
Stipules, large, entire.
Flowers, large, half-double, irregular, of a pale pink, in

multifloral clusters j appearing in June and July.

The glands of the tube of the calyx, sepals, and
flowerstalk, fragrant.

6. Radiant Semi-double Rose.

Branches, armed with uneven acicular thorns, almost
straight ; mingled with brown bristles.

Leaves, composed of five or seven leaflets.

Leaflets, oval, smooth, of a dark green, glossy on the
upper surface, pale beneath ; simply dentated,
sometimes doubly, with wide, shallow teeth.

Flowerstalks, long.

Flowers, middle-sized, half-double, of a bright purplish
pink ; appearing in clusters in June and July.

Petals, longer than the sepals.

Fruit, globular.

7. New Radiant Rose.

Shrub, bushy and high.

Stem, and Branches, thorny and bristly.

Leaves, composed of seven or nine leaflets.

Leaflets, smooth, oblong, elliptic, glossy, with simple

convergent toothing.
Stipules, entire, often downy and glandulous at the

edge.
Flowers, numerous, in clusters of a moderate size ;

semi-double, pale pink, appearing in June and July.

If too closely trimmed, this shrub seldom flourishes.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 113

8. New Radiant Rose, (of Vibert.)

Shrub, very tall, less thorny than the preceding ; with-
out bristles at the summit of the branches, the
thorns more equal.

Leaves, seven or nine leaflets ; less glossy on the up-
per surface, more grey on the under.

Flowers, middle-sized, half-double, pale pink, in larger
clusters.

Flower stalks, hispid.

Tube of calyx, oval or globular, bristly and glandulous.

9. Baron Louis.

Shrub, very high, vigorous ; branches thick but flexi-
ble ; with bristles and thorns at the base, unarmed
at the summit.

Leaves, composed of seven or nine leaflets.

Lea/lets, oval, oblong, close together, smooth, pale
underneath, thin, simply dentated.

Leafstalks, glandulous.

Flowers, double, middle-sized ; rumpled, of a pale pink
or flesh-colour, seldom expanding favourably.

Tube of calyx, smooth, top-shaped or fiddle-shaped, as
if tightened in the centre.

1 0. Courtenay Rose.
Rosa Campanulata.

Shrub, lofty and branching.

Branches, smooth and slender, less bristly than the

stem.

Leaves, composed of seven or nine leaflets.
Leaflets, rather glossy on the upper surface, pale and

somewhat glaucous on the under ; very thin,

smooth, flat, oval; wide, with sharp dentation

convergent, usually simple.

114 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

Flowers, moderate-sized, half-double, flesh-coloured;

in multifloral clusters, expanding with uncertainty.
Tube of calyoc, very large, short, flat, hispid, and glan-

dulous.

11. Tha'is, (an Ash -leafed Eose.)

Thorns, and Bristles, of a red colour on the branches.

Leafstalks, red, glandulous, and thorny.

Leaves, composed of seven leaflets.

Lea/lets, oval, lanceolated, often purplish when young ;

smooth, not glossy, glaucous underneath.
Flowers, half double, moderate-sized, of a lilac-pink,

very brilliant, in clusters more or less full.
Tube of calyx, oval, or pear-shaped; with fragrant

glands, and hairy.

X. Rosa Lucida, or Radiant Hose.
Rosa Carolina Program.
Rosa Rubra Lucida.

Shrub, bushy, spreading, sometimes from four to six
feet high.

Branches, straight, of a reddish brown, glossy, armed
with feeble thorns placed under the stipules ; and
a few bristles.

Suckers, generally very bristly near the root.

Leaves, very close together ; growing irregularly, com-
posed of nine leaflets.

Leaflets, oval, lanceolated, naked on both sides, grow-
ing close together, undulated, notched on the
margin, the lowest pair of leaflets smaller than
the rest.

Stipules, smooth, flat, glossy, straight, crenelated, finely
toothed at the extremity, sometimes with glandu-
lous teeth.

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 115

Leafstalks, naked or slightly cottonous underneath;

with short strong thorns.

Flowers, single, moderate-sized, of a vivid pink, grow-
ing in clusters below the leaves and new shoots ;

appearing late in the season.
Petals, oval, or heart-shaped, rather longer than the

sepals.
jBracteal leAves, concave, oval, lanceolated ; naked on

both sides; the edges curled, finely toothed or

bordered with glands.

Flowerstalk, the length of the fruit, almost naked.
Tube of calyx, bristly, globulous, compressed.
Sepals, simple, bristly at the base ; tapering to a long

point.

Disk, flat, rather thick.
Styles, very hairy, not salient.
Fruit, globular, compressed, light red.

This rose is a native of the marshes of North
America. Some botanists conceive it to be only a
sub- variety of the Turnip rose.

New Radiant Rose, (of Vibert.)

Shrub, vigorous and tall, not branching at its base.

Stems, and Branches, thick, with numerous thorns, very
strong and uneven, mingled with bristles.

Leaves, growing near together ; composed of five and
sometimes nine leaflets.

Leaflets, large, oval, obtuse, smooth, glossy, with sim-
ple serrature.

Stipules, entire.

Flowers, fragrant, large, double, of a vivid pink.

Tube of calyx, pear-shaped or top-shaped, with large
fragrant glands at the base, wide at the summit
after slightly narrowing.

116 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

This rose usually attempts a second flowering in
August and September, which rarely succeeds. The
flowers are at no time to be depended upon.

XI. Rosa Laxa, (of Lindley,) or the Lindley

Rose.

Rosa Carolina.

Rosa Carolina Pimpinellifolia.
Shrub, branching.

Branches, cylindrical, shining, and of a reddish brown.
Thorns, almost straight, wanting on the branches.
Suckers, armed with feeble thorns, mixed with bristles

at the base.
Leaves, growing near together, not glossy, composed

of seven or nine leaflets.
Lea/lets, elliptic, lanceolated, undulated, glaucous,

naked ; with nerves slightly salient.
Stipules, narrow ; dilated and glandulous at the summit.
Leafstalks, of a reddish green; armed with slight

thorns, mingled with bristles and glands.
Flowers, pink, single, usually geminated ; blowing at

the beginning of summer.
Petals, flat.

Floral leaves, double, naked, fringed.
Flowerstalk, glandulous.
Tube of calyx, globulous, rather hairy.
Sepals, shorter than the petals, lanceolated, triangular,

hairy, glandulous; bristly at the base, slightly

toothed.

Disk, obliterated.
Fruit, unknown.

This rose is said by English gardeners to be a native
of Carolina ; the French believe it to be only a sub-
variety of the Rosa lucida, as plants destitute of fruit
are never found in a natural state.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 117

FOURTH TRIBE OF SPECIES III.
Rosa Macrophylla, or Large-leafed Rose.

SPECIFIC CHARACTERS.

Shrub, lofty.

Branches, r%ddish brown, without thorns.
Stipules, concave, dilated, sharp, curved, naked, co-
loured.
Footstalk, eight or nine inches long, thornless, very

cottonous, slightly glandulous.
Leaves, (the largest known of the rose tribe,) composed

of from five to eleven leaflets.

Bracteal leaves, lanceolated, wide at the base, very
long, almost entire, curled and coloured with red ;
naked with the exception of the mid-rib, which is
hairy on both sides.

Leaflets, lanceolated, flat, veined, simply toothed, naked
on the upper surface, cottonous and white on the
under. Dark green, shaded with purple.
Flowerstalk, hairy, bearing a few coloured, uneven

bristles.

Tube of calyx, oblong, naked.

Sepals, simple, narrow, triangular, very long, toothed,
dilated at the summit, having some coloured spots
at the lower part of the extremity.
Flowers, single, pink.
Petals, oboval, shorter than the sepals, having at the

point a spot of red.
Anthers, large and oblong.
Disk, very large, rising at the orifice.
Ovules, very hairy, twenty-eight in number.
Styles, hairy, salient, detached.
Fruit, oval.

118 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

This variety is not yet in general cultivation. It
was sent from the Gossam Than, by Dr. Wallich, in
1820.

FIFTH TRIBE OF SPECIES III.
Rosa Jllpina, or Alpine Rose.

SPECIFIC CHARACTERS.

Shrub, from seven to ten feet high.

Branches, usually straight, of a greenish brown, thorny
and bristly at distant intervals.

Stipules, narrow, usually naked, fringed with glands.

Leafstalks, hairy or cottonous, sometimes glandulous
and armed with small thorns.

Lea/lets, from five to nine, thin, concave, oval, pointed,
doubly toothed, naked on the upper surface ; rather
hairy and glandulous beneath, especially on the
mid-rib.

Flowers, bracteated, red, solitary or united.

Flowerstalk, hispid.

Tube of calyx, globular or oval, much elongated, his-
pid; sometimes smooth, sometimes glandulous.

Sepals, simple or composite, adherent and permanent.

Petals, concave, sometimes emarginated, oboval or cor-
diform.

Disk, large or thickened.

Styles, generally hairy and detached.

Fruit, round, or in the form of an amphora ; scarlet,
of an orange-red; sometimes smooth, sometimes
hispid.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 119

Marietta*.

I. Rosa */lljyina, or Alpine Rose.
Rosa Rupestris.
Rosa Monspeliaca.
Rosa Inermis.
Rosa Hybrida Alpina.
Rosa Lagenaria.
Rosa Biflora.

Shrub, from seven to eight feet ; forming a loose branch-
ing bush.

Branches, long, almost straight ; rather sarmentous or
vine-like; of a greenish brown, sometimes glaucous,
sometimes of a purple hue; without thorns, or
bearing a few at the base of the suckers.

Stipules, narrow at the base, dilated towards the sum-
mit ; naked, entire, fringed with glands.

Leafstalks, armed with hairs.

Leaflets, small, oval, or oblong-lanceolated, pointed at
the two extremities ; thin, rudely notched, naked,
or sometimes pubescent on the lower surface ; the
mid-rib sometimes rugged, with short thorns.

Flowers, erect, single, red, solitary.

Petals, concave, of a heart-shape.

Flowerstalk, hispid, thornless, sometimes glandulous,
or rough.

Tube of calyx, smooth or hispid, oval, elongated.

Sepals, upright, simple, narrow, tapering towards a
slight point ; dilated and rising above the petals ;
hairy without. When the tube of the calyx is
rugged, the sepals are so also.

Disk, large and compressed.

Styles, detached, hairy.

Fruit, pendant, oblong, or in the form of an amphora ;
of an orange-red ; crowned with convergent sepals.

120 THE BOOK OP ROSES.

This rose is common in England, France, Germany,
and all the temperate climates of Europe. A great
number of sub-varieties have been obtained from it by
cultivation.

1. Alpine Rose, with single flowers.

Shrub, lofty.

Branches, long, tortuous.

Leaves, composed of seven or nine leaflets.

Leaflets, oval, obtuse, pubescent on the under surface,

with glandulous toothing.

Tube of calyx, bottle-shaped ; hispid, generally purple.
Flowers, small, single, pale pink, sometimes solitary

and without floral leaves ; sometimes united in

pairs, or small clusters.

2. Alpine Rose, with pendant fruit, tharnless.
Rosa Pendulina.

Rosa Jllpina Pendulina.
Leaves, composed of nine smooth leaflets.
Leaflets, oval-lanceolated, sharp, pale green, with deep

narrow toothing.
Leafstalks, smooth.

Flowers, single, of a deep rose or cherry-colour.
Floral leaves, lanceolated.
Fruit, red, four or five times as long as wide.

3. Alpine Rose, with hispid calyx.
Rosa Alpina Pyrena'ica.
Rosa Hispida.

Rosa Turbinata.

Shrub, unarmed.

Leaves, composed of seven or nine leaflets.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 121

Leaflets, oval-lanceolated, smooth.
Tube of calyx, and Flowerstalk, hispid.
Flowers, single, of a cherry-coloured red, expanding
in May.

4. Alpine Rose, with Burnet leaves.
Rosa Alpina Pimpmellifolia.
Ro$a Pimpmellifolia.

Rosa Glandulosa.
Rosa Pygmcea.
Rosa Pyrenaica.

Branches, long, thin, tortuous ; usually unarmed.
Leaves, composed of seven or nine leaflets.
Leaflets, distant from each other; smooth, oval-lan-
ceolated, finely and sometimes doubly toothed.
Flou-ers, single, solitary, cherry-red.

The glands of the peduncle and sepals of this rose
exhale a resinous odour, which is rather agreeable.

5. Alpine Rose, with long -throated fruit.
Alpine Rose, with pitcher-shaped fruit.

Shrub, vigorous.

Branches, glaucous, of a dark purple.

Leaves, composed of seven or nine leaflets.

Leaflets, oblong, smooth, undulated; with inverted
teeth.

Floral leaves, oval-lanceolated, curved, and undulated.

Flowers,- single, middle-sized ; of a pale pink, appear-
ing in May.

Sepals, long, narrow, permanent, single, glandulous ;
terminated by a linear leaflet.

Fruit, pendant, gibbous, oblong, with narrow throat ;
glossy, and of a pale colour.

122 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

6. Alpine Rose, with pink double blossoms.
Thornless Rose, with double flowers.

Shrub, very lofty, and tree-shaped.

Branches, glaucous, of a purple hue on one side.

Leaves, composed of five, seven, or nine leaflets.

Lea/lets, smooth.

Floral leaves, oval, pointed, entire, and undulated.

Tube of calyx, oval, globular, and strangled in the

centre.

Petals, from two to four, pinnatifid.
Flowers, middle-sized, full, of a pale pink ; appearing

in May and June.

Rosa Rubrispina.

Shrub, covered on the branches with short straight
thorns.

Leaflets, lanceolated, with sharp teeth.

Flowers, consisting in little clusters of leaves, inter-
mingled with petals.

HYBRID SUB-VARIETIES.

7. Calypso.
Florida Rose.
Bengal Cypress.

Shrub, vigorous.

B ranches, sarmentous, very long, of a purple-red.
Leaves, composed of five or nine leaflets.
Leaflets, oval, rather glossy.

Flowers, very large, full, inclining, white at the cir-
cumference, of a vivid flesh-colour in the centre.
Flowerstalk, smooth.
Tube of calyx, smooth ; irregularly oval.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 123

8. Boursault Rose.

Boursault Bengal Rose.

Rose with Drooping Buds.
Shrub, very lofty.

Branches, vine-like, of a purple-green, glaucous.
Leaves, composed of five or seven leaflets.
Lea/lets, oval, smooth, pointed, with simple toothing.
Leafstalks^ usually red.
Stipules, entire, edged with glands.
Flowers, of a vivid pink ; semi-double, middle-sized,

in multifloral clusters.
Floral leaves, large, pointed, oval.

9. Full Boursault Rose.

Shrub, lofty.

Branches, long, vine-like, purple, smooth, and glaucous.

Leaves, composed of seven or nine leaflets.

Leaflets, smooth, lanceolated, sharp, simply toothed.

Stipules, smooth, entire, edged with glands.

Flowers, very double, vivid pink; numerous, grow-
ing on long branching peduncles.

Floral leaves, lanceolated, pointed, entire, smooth, hairy
on the margin.

Tube of calyx, smooth, glaucous, top-shaped, expand-
ing at the summit.

Sepals, glandulous, shorter than the corolla.

10. Boursauli Double Rose.

Shrub, very vigorous, having great analogy with the

common Boursault, as to wood and foliage.
Flowers, double, of a brilliant velvet crimson.
Petals, sloped towards the summit ; the base white.

1 1 . Full-flowering Boursault Rose.
Shrub, vine-like.

Thorns, long and straight ; scattered.

G 2

124 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

Leaves, composed of three or five leaflets.
Leaflets, elliptic, the teeth short and rounded.
Flowers, large, very full, numerous, erect, of a vivid
pink.

12. L'Heritier.
Rosa Reversa.
Violet Bengal.
Panciulated Bengal.

Shrub, vine-like, very long, glaucous, generally purple.
Leaves, composed of five or nine leaflets.
Lea/lets, lanceolated, smooth, glaucous on the under

surface, simply toothed towards the summit.
Stipules, smooth, entire or denticulated, edged with

glands.
Flowers, middle-sized, semi-double, purple or pale

violet, in multifloral clusters.
Petals, the inner ones striped with white.
Bt-acleal leaves, oval-lanceolated, entire, edged with a

few glands.
Tube of calyx, ovoid, smooth, and glaucous.

This variety bears a general resemblance to the
family of Cinnamon roses.

1 3. Mdheca of Bengal.
Reversa Purpurina.
Dutch Bengal.

Flowers, more numerous in each cluster than in the
preceding sub-variety ; of a purple-crimson colour,
shaded with pale violet when they expand; and
changing afterwards to purple and amaranth : so
that the shrub is covered with flowers of many
varieties of colour.

Petals, velvety crimson towards the circumference,
striped with white towards the centre.

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 125

Tube of calyx, oval or globular ; shorter than in the
preceding sub-variety. The flowers expand in
succession, from the beginning of June till the end
of July.

14. Alpine Rose, with calabash- shaped fruit.

Branches^ thornless and smooth ; elbowed at every

shoot, and growing zig-zag.

Leaflets, five or nine, oval, glandulous at the edge.
Flowerstalks, glandulous and hispid.
Flowers, semi-double, of a lilac-pink.
Tube of calyx, twice as long as broad ; tightened in

the centre, and very wide at the base ; covered

with hairs and fragrant glands.
Leafstalks, and Flowerstalks, covered with fragrant

glands.
Sepals, glandulous, tapering to a thready point; two

or three having appendages at the base.

15. Copper -coloured Alpine Rose.

Branches, thin, long, glossy, usually thornless.
Leaflets, seven or nine ; small, thin, flat, smooth, oval

or oblong ; with deep, narrow, sharp teeth.
Flowers, of a sulphur-yellow outside ; a fine red at the

summit, and of a yellowish red shading to yellow

at the base. Solitary, but sometimes appearing

in groupes of two or three at the points of the

branches.
Floral leaves, lanceolated, smooth, needle-shaped ; none

on the solitary flowerstalks.
Tube of calyx, globular, smooth, glossy, lessening

towards the summit.
Fruit, upright, crowned with convergent sepals.

This shrub flowers in May and June.

126 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

16. Rosa Pyrena'ica, or Pyrennean Rose.
Tube of calyx, bristled, with stiff glandulous hairs.
Flowers, single, solitary, or geminated; of a vivid

dark red.

This shrub grows spontaneously in the Alps, the
Vosges mountains, and those of Auvergne, &c.

17. Rosa Pyrena'ica, or Pyrennean Rose of

Nurserymen.

Branches, with the exception of the flower-bearers,

armed with acicular thorns ; straight, red, spotted

with yellow or grey, and mixed with bristles.
Stems, Suckers, and Sprays, glaucous and purple.
Leaflets, seven or eleven, oval or oblong, wrinkled or

nervous ; naked, pale on the under surface, singly

and unevenly denticulated.
Stipules, naked, entire at the base, dilated and toothed

at the summit.
Flowers, appear in May ; single, of a vivid pink, in

clustering branches.
Flowerstalks, short, naked, glaucous.
Tube of calyx, globular, glaucous, naked.
Fruit, pendant, red, globular, crowned with convergent

sepals.

18. Pyrennean Rose, with hairy branches.

Shrub, bushy.

Branches, armed with thorns, bristles, and down.

Leaflets, from seven to eleven, oblong, obtuse, or
pointed; sometimes alternate, and irregularly
placed; sometimes more numerous on one side
than the other ; nerved, reticulated, unarmed.

Leafstalks, usually red.

Stipules, smooth, much dilated, undulous, convergent
at the summit.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 127

Flowers, moderate-sized, single, purple, or pale violet,

in clusters.
Floral leaves, rounded or obtuse, or oval and pointed ;

large, blistered, undulated, or entire and smooth.
Tube of calyx, smooth and globular.
Sepals, long, entire, convergent at first, afterwards

expanding.

Fruit, drooping, red, globular.
This is a very interesting sub-variety.

II. Rosa Sdbini, or Sabine Rose.
Rosa Involuta.

Shrub, from eight to ten feet high.

Branches, straight, dark brown, covered with inter-
mingled thorns and bristles.

Thorns, distant from each other, scythe-shaped.

Leaves, distant from each other, composed of five or
seven leaflets.

Leaflets, oval, doubly toothed, flat, hairy on both sides,
rather glandulous underneath.

Leafstalks, cottonous, with glands and a few thorns.

Flowers, usually solitary, sometimes collective, hi
which case they have bracteal leaves ; single,
either red or white.

Flowerstalk, very hairy.

Sepals, composite.

Fruit, globular, scarlet, bristled.

Rosa Sabina Doniana.
Shrub, less high than the preceding.
Thorns, straight.
Branches, devoid of bristles.

128 THE BOOK OP ROSES.

SIXTH TRIBE OF SPECIES III.

Rosa Spinosissima, or Burnet-leafed,
Very-thorny Rose.

SPECIFIC CHARACTERS.

Shrub, from three to nine feet ; bristly.

Branches, straight, or nearly straight ; of a green more
or less dark ; reddish, or brownish ; more or less
covered with feeble thorns, mixed with bristles.

Thorns, close together, almost equal ; sometimes obli-
terated.

Stipules, usually straight, occasionally sloped ; naked,
sometimes enlarged at the extremity, which is
fringed with glands and notched.

Leafstalks, naked, but occasionally hairy or thorny ;
glandulous.

Leaves, composed of from seven to thirteen leaflets ;
sometimes of fifteen.

Leaflets, flat, oval, or orbicular, never lanceolated ;
simply, and very rarely doubly toothed ; naked or
almost naked on the upper surface, sometimes
glaucous or glandulous on the lower.

Flowers, usually devoid of bracteal leaves, solitary,
white, red, or yellowish.

Flowerstalk, often naked, sometimes hispid and glan-
dulous.

Tube of calyx, globular or oval, usually naked, occa-
sionally rather hairy or glandulous.

Sepals, narrow, single, or slightly divided ; connivent,
permanent, naked, or slightly hairy.

Petals, concave, sometimes emarginated, oboval, or
ob-cordiform.

Disk, very thin, or a little raised ; almost obliterated.
Styles, generally hairy and detached.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 129

Fruit, sometimes pendant, of a red, more or less yel-
low or black; oval, and occasionally almost round;
naked, crowned with convergent sepals.

This semi-species may be found throughout Europe,
and a large portion of North America.

SYNONYMS.
Ros% spinosissima. \ Rosa viminea.

pimpinellifolia.

rubella.

stricta.

acicularis.

lutescens.

grandiflora.
myriacantha.
involuta.
reversa.

Uarietieg.

I. American Yellow Rose,
Rosa Lutescens.
Rosa Hispida.

Shrub, vigorous, not sightly.

Branches, perpendicular, almost straight, of a dirty-
brown colour, armed.

Thorns, numerous, unequal, feeble, inclining, pale brown.

Stipules, flat, very narrow.

Leafstalks, unarmed.

Leaflets, from seven to nine, oval, flat, simply toothed.

Flowers, middle-sized, solitary, of a palish yellow.

Flowerstalk, and Calyx, naked.

Tube of calyx, oval.

Sepals, entire, longer than the tube of the calyx.

Disk, flat.

Ovules, about thirty in number.

Styles, hairy, detached.

Fruit, large, black, oval, borne on a fleshy stalk,
crowned with connivent petals, rugged.

G 3

130 THE BOOK OP ROSES.

English gardeners pronounce this shrub to be a na-
tive of America ; botanists ascribe it to Siberia. It was
introduced into England in 1810.

II. Rosa Rubella, or Red Rose.
Rosa Pendula.
Rosa jllpina.
Rosa Polypliylla.
Rosa Candolleana.
Shrub, from three to four feet high.
Branches, straight, reddish, covered from the base to

the summit with thorns and bristles.
Stipules, sloping, enlarged at the extremity, naked, or

fringed with glands.

Leafstalks, having very few glands or hairs.
Leaves, composed of seven or eleven leaflets.
Leaflets, almost flat, oval, pointed, of a dark green on
the upper surface, paler on the lower ; singly or
doubly denticulated.
Flowers, having no floral leaves, solitary, pale, or

sometimes of a dark red.
Flowerstalk, more hispid than the calyx.
Sepals, straight, naked.

Petals, longer than the sepals, concave, emarginated.
Disk, very thin.
Fruit, long, oval, pendant, scarlet, crowned with short

convergent petals.

This rose grows spontaneously in England, and in
various northern countries of Europe.

1. Red Black-fruited Rose.

Rosa Rubella Melanocarpa.
Fruit, a brownish black, shorter than in the preceding.

TIIE BOOK OF ROSES. 131

2. Luxembourg Rosa Rubella.
Rosa jllpina Lcevis.

Shrub, spreading, the stems and

Branches, of a grey colour, armed with long, thin,
acicular thorns, almost straight at the base of the
branches, curved, and stipulary at the summit.

Leaves, composed of five or nine leaflets.

Leaflets,*- glaucous or greyish, oval or oblong, simply
toothed.

Stipules, denticulated, sometimes glandulous or cot-
tonous on the edge.

Flowers, single, of a cherry-red, solitary, or united in
clusters of two or three ; in which case, furnished
with bracteal leaves of an oval-acuminated form ;
large, concave, and longer than the flowerstalk.

Tube of calyx, ovoid and smooth.

Sepals, glandular, narrow, tapering to a sharp point,
three of them bearing linear and divergent appen-
dages.

Fruit, pendant, ovoi'd or oblong ; gibbous, of a reddish
orange, crowned with convergent sepals.

3. Slack-fruited Rubella Rose.
Fruit, very short, of a brownish black.

4. Rosa Stricta.
Rosa Pendulina.
Rosa Suavis.
Rosa Carolina.
Rosa Sanguisorba.
Rosa J^irginiana.

Branches, straight, from three to four feet high ; of a
pale green, covered with small feeble bristles, al-
most equal, except towards the extremity, which
is naked and divided into branchlets.

132 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

Suckers, smooth.

Leaflets, from nine to eleven ; rounded, of a firm texture,

glaucous, the lower pair much smaller than the rest.
Flowers, always pale red.
Fruit, long, naked before maturity, and covered with

spots.
Ovules, from twenty-five to thirty-five.

III. Rosa Jlcicularis, or Acicular Rose.

Shrub, nearly eight feet high.

Branches, when young, glaucous ; turning brown with
time.

Thorns, straight, very feeble, mixed with bristles.

Leaves, composed of seven leaflets.

Lea/lets, thick, opaque, very glaucous; oval, convex,
divergent, almost naked; blueish underneath.

Stipules, narrow, naked, rather enlarged at the extre-
mity ; fringed with glands.

Leafstalks, pale, rather hairy, long.

Flowers, solitary, pale red.

Floral leaves, oval, convex, naked.

Sepals, very narrow, rather divided.

Petals, oboval, emarginated ; shorter than the sepals ;
displayed.

Disk, large, rather elevated.

Styles, detached, hairy.

Fruit, oboval, strangled towards the summit; naked,
of a yellowish orange, rather drooping, crowned
with sepals, which are connivent and thickened at
the base.

This shrub is a native of Siberia. It is chiefly culti-
vated in France for the effect produced in garden land-
scape by its numerous lateral flowers, which appear in
May.

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 133

IV. Rosa Spinosissima.
Burnet-leafed Rose.
Scotch Rose.
Rosa Dumensis.
Rosa Campestris Odora.
Rosa Prcecox Spinosa.
Rosa Pimpinellifolia.

Shrub, low, compact, dark, sometimes reddish, with

trailing roots.
Branches, much ramified; short, thick, covered with

bristles and thorns.

Thorns, thick, uneven, sometimes scythe-shaped.
Leaves, springing in fasces, composed of seven leaflets.
Leaflets, flat, pale green, simply toothed; nearly or-

bicular.
Flowers, solitary, small, cup-shaped, with emarginated

concave petals; white, with yellowish base; if

occasionally clustered, having floral leaves.
Flowerstalk, naked or bristly, and glandulous.
Sepals, short, entire, smooth or glandulous ; connivent

or displayed.

Tube of calyx, naked, oval, or nearly round.
Disk, thin.

Styles, detached, hairy.
Fruit, oval or nearly round; of a blackish brown;

crowned with sepals.

This rose grows in abundance throughout Europe.

1. Sarmentous Rose.

Rosa Viminea.
Shrub, spreading.
Branches, long, feeble.flexile, covered with bristly thorns.

134 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

Thorns, straight, uneven, mixed with bristles.

Leaves, composed of five or seven leaflets.

Leaflets, oblong, simply toothed, of a membranous

texture, firm, and rigid.
Stipules, dilated at the summit.
Leafstalks, pedunculated.
Tube of calyx, oval.
Flowers, very large.

SECTION I. — YELLOWISH FLOWERS.

2. Single Bur net -leafed Rose.
Pale-yellow Rose.

Thorns, uneven.

Tube of calyx, hemispherical ; four times as wide as

long; smooth.

Sepals, glandulous, usually simple.
Flowers, single, of a pale yellow.
Petals, white at the summit.

3. Pale-yellow Burnet-leafed Semi-double

Rose.

Thorns, uneven.

Peduncle, and Tube of calyoc, smooth.
Sepals, smooth at the base; having at the summit

glandulous hairs.
Flowers, middle-sized, half-double, of a canary-coloured

yellow.

4. Burnet-leafed Single Yellow Rose.

(Vibert's.)
Thorns, uneven.

Leaflets, growing near together.
Tube of calyx, tightened in the throat.
Peduncle, and Sepals, smooth.
Flowers, single, pale yellow.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. ' 135

5. Bur net-leafed Semi-double Rose.

Thorns, uneven.

Tube of calyx, hemispherical, very short, smooth.

Peduncles, very hispid.

Sepals, covered with glandulous bristles.

Flowers, middle-sized, semi-double, primrose-coloured.

6. Gurnet-leafed Nankin Double-blossomed

Rose.

Thorns, uneven.
Leaflets, near together.

Tube of calyx, narrow at the summit, smooth.
Peduncles, smooth.

Flowers, middle-sized, semi-globular, semi-double, of a
Nankin yellow, with yellow bases.

7. Burnet-leaved Nankin Rose.

Thorns, uneven, numerous, bristly.

Flowerstalks, rather pubescent, having bracteal leaves

even when solitary.
Tube of calyx, smooth and globular.
Flowers, single, hypocrateriform.
Petals, pale yellow, variegated with pink in the

interior, and straw-coloured outside.
Fruit, globular or depressed; almost black, crowned

with connivent sepals.

8. Burnet-leafed Single Yellow Rose.

(Hybrid variety.)
Shrub, vigorous.
Leaflets, close together, rather pubescent underneath

when young ; simply toothed.
Peduncles, smooth.
Tube of calyx, globular, smooth, short throated.

136 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

Sepals, having a few bristles, or rugged glands.
Flowers, yellow, large, single.

Fruit, black, globular, depressed; crowned with con-
nivent sepals.

9. Gurnet-leafed Half-double Yellow, (the

Luxembourg. )

Flowers, of a canary colour.

10. Gurnet-leafed Sulphur Yellow.

Shrub, vigorous, of an elegant form.

Thorns, very fine, uneven, rather crooked, axillary.

Leaves, from nine to eleven leaflets.

Leaflets, small, almost round, finely toothed ; of a yel-
lowish green.

Flowers, rather large, semi-double ; solitary, regular,
sulphur-yellow.

Petals, irregularly shaped.

11. Marx.

Shrub, small and elegant.

Branches, divergent, armed.

Thorns, numerous, yellowish, fine, uneven, rather

crooked.

Leaves, nine leaflets.

Leaflets, small, almost round, finely toothed.
Flowers, small, well formed, sulphur-yellow, numerous,

solitary, lemon-scented.
Petals, heart-shaped, or irregularly shaped.

SECTION II. — WHITE FLOWERS.

12. Gurnet-leafed, double white.

Shrub, low and thick.

Thorns, uneven ; the largest crooked.

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 137

Tube of calyx, very short, smooth.

Peduncle, hispid, glandulous.

Sepals, smooth, usually remaining displayed on the

fruit.
Flowers, white, double or semi-double, very large in

circumference.

13. Jlur net-leafed, full white.

Thorns, uneven, straight.

Peduncle, Sepals, and Tube of calyx, smooth.

Flowers, white, full, extremely large.

1 4. Unmet-leafed, white, globular.

Shrub, bushy but high.

Leaves, glaucous.

Flowerstalks, smooth, or having glandulous hairs.

Ovary, and Sepals, smooth.

Flowers, regular, half-double, salver-shaped, blowing

of a flesh-colour, but becoming gradually white.
Sepals, spread on the fruit.

1-5. Burnet-leafed, single white.

Shrub, low and bushy.

Roots, throwing up numerous suckers.

Peduncles, smooth, sometimes hispid and glandulous

at the base.

Tube of calyx, and Sepals, smooth.
Flowers, single, white.

16. Burnet-leafed Camellia Rose.

Shrub, lofty.

Thorns, numerous, almost even, straight, thin.

Flowerstalk, hispid and glandulous.

Tube of calyx, hispid, globular.

Sepals, simple, glandulous.

138 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

Flowers, very large, semi-double, salver-shaped.
Fruit, brown, globular, hispid.

17. Hardy Bur net-lea fed.

Shrub, pretty vigorous.

Stems, two feet high, with numerous straight, long, un-
even thorns, which are pink on the young shoots.

Leaves, composed of seven or nine leaflets.

Lea/lets, very small, oval, pale green, doubly toothed.

Flowers, double, solitary, snowy white.

Petals, heart-shaped, marked down the centre with a
deep pink stripe ; rather undulated, and sloped.

18. Burnet-leafed Unique.

Flowers, white, usually very well formed ; having the
buds of the common rose unique.

SECTION III. — WHITE FLOWERS, MORE OR LESS VARIED
WITH FLESH-COLOUR.

19. Irene.
Thorns, uneven.
Peduncles, hispid, long.

Tube of calyx, wide at the base and summit, tightened

in the middle.

Sepals, simple, with a few scattered glandulous thorns.
Flowers, very large, rather drooping, flesh-coloured,

becoming white.

Fruit, globular or depressed, red or pale brown.
Sepals, spread on the fruit.

20. Bur net -lea fed, marbled.
Belle Laure.

Shrub, low and spreading.

Tube of calyx, Sepals, and Flowerstalk, smooth.
Flowers, very large, half-double, marbled with lilac-
pink on a white ground.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 139

21. Burnet-leafed, flesh-coloured.

Shrub, a thick high bush.
Branches, covered with unequal thorns.
Peduncles, smooth ; sometimes hispid and glandulous.
Tube of calyx, and Sepals, smooth.
Flowers, middle-sized, half double, salver-shaped, flesh-
coloured.

22. Bur net-leafed, fragrant, flesh-coloured.
Rosa Sanguisorbcefolia.

Rosa Spinosissima Sanguisorbcefolia.

Thorns, uneven.

Tube of calyx, tightened at the throat ; smooth.

Leaflets, deeply toothed.

Sepals, having glandulous hairs with laterally-toothed

leaflet.
Flowers, single, fragrant, rather flesh-coloured.

23. Belle Laure. (Vibert, 3 and 4.)

Shrub, having divergent branches, armed in all their

length with uneven thorns; sub-floral branches

unarmed.
Leaflets, dark green, rather glaucous, rounded, oval,

sharply and doubly toothed.
Flowerstalk, Tube of calyx, and Sepals, smooth.
Flowers, single, salver-shaped.
Petals, white in the expanse, of a sulphur-yellow at the

base ; marbled or variegated with pale lilac-pink.
Stamens, numerous ; with red-lilac stripes.

24. Belle Laure, with close-growing leaves.

Branches, short, straight, of a dark brown ; with thin

uneven thorns.

Leaves, near together ; with seven or nine leaflets.
Leaflets, oval, obtuse, concave, sharply toothed.

140 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

Flowerstalk, of a purple-brown.

Tube of calyx, oval, tightened in the throat, naked,

purple-brown.

Sepals, single, smooth, brown.
Flowers, large, single, white outside, of a lilac-pink,

veined with white inside.
Fruit, brown, oval or conical, crowned with divergent

sepals.

25. Candolles Rose.

Shrub, high, with very straight suckers.

Thorns, numerous, almost equal, thin and straight.

Flowerstalk, smooth.

Tube of calyx, oval, tightened in the throat.

Sepals, single, with glandulous hairs.

Flowers, single, white, marbled outside with pink.

Fruit, oval, pendant, of an orange-red.

26. Belle Laure. (No. 2, Vibert.)

Bush, high and thorny, like the preceding.

Flowerstalk, hispid.

Tube of calyx, smooth, oval, tightened at the summit.

Sepals, smooth.

Flowers, single, very large, marbled with white and

red-lilac.
Fruit, oval or globular, brown.

27. Marieriburg Rose.
Rose Redoute.

Glaucous Gurnet-leafed Rose.
Rosa Redutea Glauca.

Shrub, lofty.

Leaves, glaucous.

Flowerstalks, hispid.

Floral leaves, glaucous, oval-lanceolated.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 141

Tube of calyx, usually smooth, oval, tightened at the

throat.
Sepals, simple, terminated by a leaf-like point ; rather

glandulous.

Flowers, single, middle-sized.
Petals, concave, white, marbled and spotted with pink

at their interior summit.

28. Detice du Printemps.

Shrub, spreading, not very lofty.

Thorns, numerous, uneven, mixed with bristles.

Leafstalks, glandulous, cottonous.

Leaflets, glandulous underneath, with simple teeth.

Flowerstalk, very hispid.

Tube of calyx, oval, hispid, glandulous.

Sepals, simple, glandulous.

Flowers, double, flesh-coloured; very large.

29. ISA'imable Etrangere.

Shrub, vigorous, forming a thick bush ; armed as the

preceding.
Leaflets, crooked.
Flowerstalks, hispid.
Tube of calyx, oblong, often smooth and tightened in

the centre.
Sepals, smooth.
Flowers, flesh-coloured, almost white ; double, very

large.

30. Jenny.
Belle Estelle.
Gurnet-leafed ofCharpentier.

Shrub, armed with uneven thorns, mixed with bristles.
Flowerstalk, hispid.

142 THE BOOK OP ROSES.

Tube of calyx, smooth ; top-shaped, or in the form of

a calabash.

Sepals, smooth, entire.
Flowers, large, semi-double, flesh-coloured.

This sub-variety flowers a second time in August
and September.

31. Hybrid Bur net-leafed, with large flesh-

coloured flowers.
Thorns, as in the preceding.
Flowerstalk, hispid and glandulous.
Tube of calyx, oval or pear-shaped ; hispid at the base,

smooth at the summit.
Flowers, large, semi-double, flesh-coloured or pale pink.

This shrub blows only in the spring.

32. Gurnet-leafed of the Luxembourg .
Flowers, large, double, flesh-coloured.

33. Double-marbled Gurnet-leafed.

Flowers, moderate-sized, very double ; white, marbled
with pink.

34. La Gracieuse.

Shrub, pretty vigorous ; forming a thick bush.

Branches, spreading, reddish.

Thorns, uneven, numerous.

Leaves, composed of nine leaflets.

Leaflets, small, oval or nearly round ; strongly toothed.

Flowers, very double ; small, white at the circumfer-
ence, of a flesh-coloured pink towards the centre ;
salver-shaped ; numerous, sometimes solitary.

Petals, cordiform, curled, regularly arranged towards
the centre of the flower.

This hybrid variety is very beautiful.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 143

SECTION IV. — PINK FLOWERS.

35. Burnet-leafed Multifloral Rose.

Shrub, armed with uneven thorns.

Flowers-talks, usually hispid.

Tube of calyx, and Sepals, smooth.

Flowers, semi-double, middle-sized, of a light uniform

pink. ,
Petals, paler without than within.

36. Heine des Pimprcnelles.

Thorns, as in the preceding.

Flowerstalk, very hispid.

Tube of calyx, and Sepals, smooth.

Flowers, semi-double, salver-shaped, rather larger than

the preceding, of a fine pink.
Petals, paler towards their edges.

37. Rose of Scotland, Burnet-leafed.
Shrub, lofty.

Suckers, straight.

Thorns, numerous, almost even, thin, and straight.

Flowerstalks, smooth.

Tube of calyx, oval, smooth.

Sepals, single, smooth, finely acuminated.

Flowers, single, of a fresh pink.

Fruit, oval, pendant, of a red-orange.

This sub-variety is much in request, on account of
the elegance of the shrub, and the abundance of its
flowers.

38. ZerUna.

Thorns, uneven, numerous, mingled with bristles; the
strongest thorns large and crooked, often stipulary.

Leaflets, purple when young; undulated as they ad-
vance in age.

144 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

Flowerstalk, smooth, or slightly hispid, and glandu-

lous.

Tube of calyx, smooth, very short.
Sepals, usually with appendages.
Flowers, very large, double, of a vivid pink.

39. Belle Mathilde.

Shrub, vigorous, lofty, forming a thick bush.

Leafstalk, glandulous, rather pubescent.

Leaflets, very close together; bristly or pubescent

beneath, principally on the mid-rib; simply or

doubly toothed, and very sharp.
Flowerstalk, hispid and glandulous.
Floral leaves, oval-lanceolated.
Tube of calyx, globular or oval, tightened at the

summit.

Sepals, edged with hair, glandulous.
Flowers, semi-double, salver-shaped; very large, of a

pale pink.

40. Unmet-leafed, small-flowering \
Rosa Parviflora Pimpinellifolia.

Shrub, low and branching.

Branches, thin, armed with uneven thorns.

Flowerstalk, hispid, glandulous.

Tube of calyx, top-shaped, covered with pedicellated

glands.

Sepals, triangular, glandulous.
Flowers, large, very double, pale pink, uniform and

elegant.
Fruit, large, globular, usually becoming abortive.

41. Toute Bizarre.

Shrub, lofty and vigorous.

Thorns, numerous, straight, long, and strong.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 145

Leafstalks, cottonous and rather pubescent, as well as

the mid-rib of the leaflets.

Leaflets, large, close together, obtuse, single-toothed.
FLowerstalks, very hispid.
Tube of calyx, very long, top-shaped or oblong, or in

form of a calabash.
Sepals, smooth, usually simple.
Flowers, l^fge, semi-double, of a bright pink.

The flowers expand with difficulty. It is culti-
vated chiefly on account of the peculiarity of its fruit.

42. Ben Lomond.

Shrub, small, bushy, having some analogy with the

Burnet-leafed marbled variety.
Branches, spreading and divergent.
Thorns, numerous, sometimes shaped like a fish-hook.
Leaflets, nine or eleven in number, small, of a dark

green.
Flowers, semi-double, small, well formed, of a delicate

pink, solitary.
Petals, rather sloped at the summit.

43. Burnet-leafed, with very large flowers.
Shrub, very vigorous.

Branches, reddish and straight.

Thorns, numerous, straight, axillary.

Leaflets, nine or eleven, deeply toothed, of a dark
green.

Flowers, almost double, large, well-formed, much re-
sembling the Hundred-leaved, of a beautiful pink,
the petals bordered with white; often solitary.

Petals, irregularly sloped.

44. Pelletier's, flesh-coloured.
Shrub, of mean vegetation.
Branches, slight.

146 THE BOOK OP ROSES.

Thorns, straight, numerous, blackish.

Leaves, five or seven leaflets.

Leaflets, long, oval, tinged with purple, deeply and

closely toothed.
Flowers, rather fragrant, very double, large, well

formed, pale pink.

This sub-variety is one of the most beautiful of the
tribe.

45. Charlotte.

Shrub, of moderate size.

Branches, slight and numerous.

Thorns, straight, some long and sharp, some small and

terminating in a gland.

Leaflets, seven or eleven, rounded, oval, crenelated.
Flowers, semi-double, large, of a dark violet.
Petals, wide at the base, sloped towards the centre.

46. Celinette.

Shrub, small and elegant.

Branches, divergent, feeble, armed with reddish thorns ;

thin, uneven, rather bent.
Leaflets, nine, small, lanceolated, dark green, regularly

toothed.
Flowers, small, well formed, pale pink, opening of a

cup-shape, and becoming gradually flat ; solitary.

47. Large-flowering Burnet-leafed.

Flowers, very large, three or four inches in diameter;
double, pink, producing a noble effect.

This is the largest of the Burnet-leafed roses.

48. Mignonne.

Flowers, of a bright pink, well formed, numerous and
beautiful.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 147

SECTION V. — RED OR CRIMSON FLOWERS.

49. Burnet-leafed, double, purple.

Flowerstalk, smooth.

Sepals, and Tube of calyx, the same.

Flowers, salver-shaped, moderate-sized, three inches in
circumference ; semi-double, fragrant, of a fine
pale purple.

Fruit, black, globular, depressed; crowned with diver-
gent sepals, which are occasionally connivent.

50. Belle Laure. (4. Vibert.)

Shrub, with divaricated branches.

Thorns, uneven, acicular, forming a long plate at the

Leaflets, oval, singly toothed.

Flowerstalks, smooth.

Tube of calyx, and Sepals, the same.

Flowers, single, salver-shaped, of a bright purple,
marbled with white within; whitish and red-
lilac without.

51. Gurnet-leafed, single, marbled, purple.

Shrub, low, spreading.

Branches, slight, armed with uneven thorns.
Flowerstalk, Tube of calyx, and Sepals, smooth.
Flowers, single, salver-shaped, middle-sized, of an

amaranth colour ; marbled, white at the base, paler

externally.

Filaments, of a red-orange.
Fruit, black, crowned with divergent sepals.

52. Deep Purple Burnet-leafed Rose.

Shrub, lofty, armed with uneven thorns.
Tube of calyx, oval-globular, smooth.

H 2

148 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

Sepals, sometimes marked on the back with a longi-
tudinal line of short red bristles.

Flowers, single, middle-sized, of a violet-purple, very
vivid, paler at the base.

Fruit, pendant, almost black, oval; wide at the base,
rather conical at the summit.

53. Lady Finch Hatton. (1829.)

Shrub, with divergent branches.

Thorns, numerous, flat, uneven, dilated at the base.

Leaves, having nine leaflets.

Leaflets, oblong, deeply and irregularly toothed.

Flowers, highly fragrant, large, semi-double, of a fine

violet-purple, well formed, solitary.
Petals, slightly sloped.

SECTION VI. — BOTANICAL VARIETIES OF THE BURNET-

LEAFED ROSE.

54. Dwarf Bur net-leaf ed.
Rosa Spinosissima Pumila.
Rosa Chamcerhodon.

Shrub, low.

Thorns, horizontal.

Fruit, oval.

Flowers-talks, glandulous or bristly.

This variety, and all those included in the sixth
section, are found growing spontaneously.

55. Burnet-leafed Rose with crooked thorns.
Rosa Reversa.

Rosa Nana.

Shrub, dwarfed.
Leaves, very glaucous.

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 149

Flowers, very numerous in the spring, and white as

snow.

Fruit, oval.
Origin, supposed to be from Austria.

56. Rosa Spinosissima Platycarpa.
Rosa Hispida.

Shrub, dwarf.
Flowerstalk, bristly.
Fruit, flat.

This variety grows only in Iceland.

57. Hairy Burnet- leafed Rose.
Rosa Pilosa.

Shrub, dwarf.

Leaves, sharp, simply toothed, sub-surface hairy.

Icelandic.

58. Burnet -leafed Rose with top -shaped

fruit.

Shrub, dwarf,
Fruit, turbinated.

Grows spontaneously in Iceland.

59. Pallas 's Bur net-leafed Rose.
Rosa Pallasii.

Rosa Jlltaica.
Shrub, vigorous, lofty.
Thorns, close together, almost even.

This rose is found in elevated plains, and on the
high acclivities of the mountains towards Siberia.

60. Burnet-kafed Rose with long thorns.
Shrub, lofty, with long thin thorns.

150 THE BOOK OP ROSES.

61. Rosa Scotica.
Rosa Collina.

Shrub, armed with horizontal thorns.
Flowerstalk, naked.

62. Large-flowering Bur net-leafed.

A Siberian rose, of which the flowers are large, and
the branches devoid of bristles among the thorns.

63. Rosa Reversa.

Shrub, armed with bristly thorns, almost even, down-
bent.

Leaves, doubly toothed, pubescent.
Fruit, hispid.
Flowers, white.

This rose is found in the stony districts of the Matra
mountains, in Hungary.

64. Rosa Marginata.
Rosa Trichyphylla.

Shrub, small, with tortuous branches.

Leaflets, oval, cordiform, triply toothed, very smooth.

Sepals, crenelated.

Flowers, pale pink.

This rose is found in the fields near Bennstadt, in
Germany.

V. Thousand-thorned Rose.
Rosa Myriacantha.
Rosa Provincialis.

Shrub, small, mean, with straight, brownish branches.
Thorns, straight, numerous, feeble, unequal, mingled
with bristles.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 151

Leaves, smooth, growing at the extremity of the twigs,
composed of five or seven leaflets.

Leaflets, elliptic or orbicular, doubly toothed; rusty
and glandulous beneath.

Stipules, narrow and glandulous at the base.

Leafstalks, glandulous and bristly ; armed with a few
straight thorns, small and scattered.

Flowers, vfcry small, white, solitary, cup-shaped, fur-
nished with floral leaves.

Flowerstalks, glandulous and bristly.

Tube of calyx, globular, covered with bristles and
glands, except at the upper part.

Sepals, reflexed after flowering; before maturity longer
than the fruit.

Disk, rather elevated.

Styles, and Stigmates, hairy.
This little rose-tree is found in the south of France,

and in the environs of Lyons.

VI. Rose roiih curled Petals.
Rosa Involuta.

Shrub, from two to five feet high, bushy, of a reddish
grey.

Branches, straight, not ramified, covered with glands
and thorns, uneven, strong, straight.

Leaves, close together, when rubbed smelling of tur-
pentine.

Leaflets, five or seven, concave, oval, obtuse, or pointed;
doubly toothed, naked, and almost opaque on the
upper surface; on the under hairy, and having
scarcely perceptible glands.

Stipules, narrow, often concave, pointed, not toothed,
but fringed with glands.

Leafstalks, hairy, glandulous, bristly, with a few bristly
thorns.

152 THE BOOK OP ROSES.

Flowers, solitary, red or white.
Petals, rolled or curled, and cordiform.
Flower stalks, naked.
Tube of calyx, oval, almost spherical.
Sepals, bristled with thorns, and having viscous glands.
Disk, not much raised.

Fruit, crowned before maturity with convergent sepals.
This variety is a native of the mountains of Scotland;
discovered by Dr. Walker.

SEVENTH TRIBE OF SPECIES III.

Rosa Centifolia, or Hundred-leaved Rose.

Rosa Damascena.

Rosa Belgica.

Rosa Provincialis.

Rosa Gallica.

Rosa Parvifolia.

Rosa Remensis.

Rosa Pumila.

Rosa Polyanthos.

Rosa CaryopTiylla.

Rosa Muscosa.

Rosa Divionensis.

Rosa Pomponia.

Rosa Burgundiaca.

Rosa Turbinata.

SPECIFIC CHARACTERS.

Shrub, bristly, more or less lofty.

Branches, straight or flexuous ; forming a bush, usually
spreading ; armed with thorns and bristles, some-
times greenish, sometimes tinged with purple.

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 153

Thorns, uneven, the large ones falcate ; mingled with

bristles and glands.

Leaves, composed of five or seven leaflets.
Stipules, usually simple, sometimes fringed with glands.
Leafstalks, hairy and glandulous, sometimes armed

with small thorns.
Leaflets, oval or oblong, rugged, sometimes rusty

underneath ; singly or doubly toothed, the teeth

sometimes glandulous.
Flowers, fragrant, rarely solitary, sometimes united

two or three together, sometimes in clusters ; the

corolla having always a regular and elegant form.
Floral leaves, sometimes obliterated.
Flowerstalks, hispid, and glandulous, often armed with

thorns under the bracteal leaves.
Tube of calyx, oval, more or less elongated, glandulous,

very rarely smooth.
Sepals, composite, usually glandulous.
Disk, thickened, forming the throat of the calyx.
Petals, concave.
Fruit, oval or oblong, sometimes globular.

This tribe is found in all the temperate countries
of Europe.

ITawtte*.

I. Rosa Damascena, or Damask Rose.
Rosa Bifera.
Rosa Centifolia Bifera.
Rosa Calendarum.
Gallic Portland.
Shrub, pretty high.
Branches, usually covered with uneven thorns, the

largest scythe-shaped, mixed with bristles.
Leaves, composed of five or seven leaflets.

H 3

154 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

Leaflets, smooth on the upper surface, pubescent or
hairy on the under; simply toothed, the teeth
usually hairy, sometimes glandulous.

Flower stalks, hispid, glandulous.

Flowers, in multifloral and open clusters, longer than
the leaves, fragrant.

Sepals, hairy or glandulous, shorter than the petals,
reflexed.

Tube of calyx, occasionally hispid, smooth or glan-
dulous, short, turbinated, or ob-conical, always
displayed at the summit, and without perceptible
tightening.
This rose, which is said to. have been brought from

Syria in 1175, is probably the same of which Virgil

speaks in his Georgics as biferi rosaria Poesti. It has

furnished a great number of sub-varieties.

SECTION I. — WHITE FLOWERS.

1. White Rose of Italy.

Shrub, armed with a few thorns ; thin, scattered, mixed

with glandulous bristles.
Leaves, rather pale.
Buds, flesh-coloured.
Flowers, semi-double, middle-sized; of a beautiful white.

fragrant.

2. Pride of Lille.
Triomphe de Lille.

Shrub, armed like the preceding.

Leafstalks, pointed upwards.

Leaflets, with very deeply-toothed edges.

Tube of calyx, ob-conical; very glandulous.

Flowers, full, middle-sized, white with a pink centre.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 155

3. Dame Blanche.

Flowers, double, large, of a pure white when expanded;
the buds as red as those of the Hundred-leaved
rose.

4. La Laitiere.

Flowers, full, middle sized, of a pinkish white.
A beautiful variety.

5. Deesse Flore.

Flowers, double, middle-sized, full, almost white.
A very pretty variety.

SECTION II. — Moss ROSES.

6. Perpetual Moss Rose. (Pirolle.)

Shrub, vigorous, armed with thorns.

Thorns, fine, of a violet-purple.

Leaves, composed of five sessile leaflets.

Leaflets, oval, of a bright green on the upper surface.

rather glaucous on the under.
Calyx, entirely covered with branching bristles, long

and very close, producing a more agreeable effect

than any other Moss rose.
Flowers, very full, white ; the petals elegantly disposed.

SECTION III. — PINK, PALE, OR LILAC FLOWERS.

7. Belle Iphigenie.
Belle Stephanie.

Shrub, armed with numerous thorns, the greater num-
ber strong and crooked.
Flowers, middle-sized, full, of a pale lilac-pink.

8. Damask Rose ofMilet.
Shrub, armed like the preceding.

Flowers, mddle-sized, very full, of a pale lilac.

156 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

9. Damask Rose of the Luxembourg.
Shrub, forming a low spreading bush, armed with

numerous, strong, crooked thorns.
Flowers, middle-sized or small, numerous, regular;

very full, of a pale pink, becoming flesh-coloured.

This shrub furnishes abundance of flowers.

10. Delphine Gay.
Shrub, armed as in No. 7.

Flowers, middle-sized or large, full, of a pale pink,
becoming flesh-coloured.

1 1 . Due de Chartres.
Nouvcau Triomphe.

Flowers, numerous, middle-sized, full, pale pink.

12. Eliza Walker.
Branches, short.
Thorns, short, thick.

Leaves, composed of five or seven leaflets.

Leaflets, pale green, oblong, sharp, curved; rather pu-
bescent underneath, with sharp teeth, of which
the points turn downwards.

Flowers, large, double or full; very pale pink, or flesh-
colour.

This is a delicate sub-variety, difficult of propagation.

13. La Favorite.

Shrub, with very thorny branches.

Buds, pink.

Flowers, small, full, flat, flesh-coloured, almost white.

14. L' Admiration.

Shrub, armed with numerous, strong, crooked thorns.
Flowers, middle-sized, full, regular, pale pink; the
edges usually pale.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 157

15. Madame de Tressan.

Shrub, very thorny.

Flowers, large, full, of a pale pink or flesh-colour.

16. Maria Louisa.

Tout Aimable.
Tendresse Admirable.
Orphee de Lille.
Augustine Pourpree.
Belle Flamande.
Agathe Couronnee.
JLgathe Rose.
Caprice de Zephir.

Shrub, spreading.

Branches, flexile.

Leaves, usually pendant.

Flowers, middle-sized, double, of a pale pink.

17. Olympe.

Shrub, armed with numerous, strong, crooked thorns.
Flowers, middle-sized, full, pale pink.

18. Petite Sophie.
Shrub, armed like the preceding.
Flowers, small, full, pale pink.

19. Prmn&fhee.

Shrub, having very thorny branches.

Flowers, middle-sized, very double, of a lilac-pink.

20. Rose des Princes.
Cent-feuilles Jlrgentee.
Rosa Umbellata.

Shrub, having flexile and very thorny branches.
Leaflets, simply toothed, hairy, not glandulous.

158 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

Tube of calyx, oval, turbinated, having no visible

tightness at the summit.
Flowers, middle-sized, double, of a pale pink, fragrant.

2 1 . Soeur Joseph.
Flowers, small, double, pale pink.

22. Flat Hundred-leaved.

Flowers, large, flat, of a lilac-pink, having in the
centre a crown, formed by the stamens.

This shrub, in spite of its name, is manifestly of the
Damask kind.

23. Rosalie.

Flowers, large, very double, of a brilliant pink, rather
deeper in the centre.

24. Theone. (Noisette.)

Shrub, from three to four feet high.
Thorns, unequal, the larger ones flat and crooked.
Leaves, composed of five plane leaflets.
Leaflets, oval, slightly toothed.

Flowers, very full, moderate-sized, of a bright pink,
borne upon long flowerstalks.

A very beautiful variety.

25. Theophraste.

Flowers, moderate-sized, double, of a pale lilac-pink.

26. Pink Italian Rose.
Italian Damask.

Branches, diffuse.

Leaflets, oval-lanceolated, sharp; with pointed teeth,

hairy, not glandulous.
Flower stalk, glandulous.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 159

Tube of calyx, ob-conical, smooth at the summit.
Flowers, middle-sized, semi-double, fragrant ; pale pink

or vivid flesh-colour towards the centre, paler at

the edge.

27. Violet Damask.
Belle Fleur.
La Dwinite.

Shrub, anhed with a few thin scattered thorns, mixed
with glandulous bristles.

Tube of calyx, ob-conical.

Flowers, moderate-sized; very pale pink, or flesh-
colour.

Petals, very thin; those of the centre beautifully
plaited and undulated.

28. Josephine Antoinette.

Flowers, lateral ; very large, very double, well formed,
of a pleasing pink.

29. Belle d 'Auteuil.

Shrub, armed with short thorns.

Leaflets, close together, oval, large, thin, rather pubes-
cent underneath; the lateral ones sessile and
crossed at the base.

Tube of calyx, turbinated or pear-shaped.

Flowers, middle-sized or large ; foil, regular, of a pale
lilac-pink, or flesh-colour.

30. Belisarius.

Shrub, vigorous, with straight branches, armed with
numerous, uneven thorns; enlarged at the base,
mixed with glandulous bristles.

Leaves, of a pale green, composed of five or seven
leaflets, regularly toothed ; some oval, some oblong.

160 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

Flowers, numerous, in clusters, very double; middle-
sized.

Petals, pale pink, when they expand ; becoming paler,
or flesh-coloured.

Tube of calyx, and Peduncle, covered with glandulous
bristles.

31. Francois Jongleur.

Shrub, vigorous.

Thorns, short, unequal, thick at the base ; mingled with

short bristles.
Leaves, glaucous.

Leaflets, thin, oval, rather pubescent underneath.
Flowerstalk, long, glandulous.
Flowers, middle-sized or large ; full, of a vivid pink.

32. Josephine of Hohenzollern.

Branches, very thorny.

Leaves, hairy underneath.

Flowerstalk, very long, glandulous, vertical.

Tube of calyx, top-shaped, rather tightened in the

throat.

Sepals, three of them bordered with long appendages.
Flowers, middle-sized, full, light pink.
Buds, exactly like those of the Hundred-leaved.

33. CEillet Rose.

Shrub, vigorous.

Thorns, uneven, mixed with bristles ; the largest

stipulary.
Leaflets, of a fine green ; large, close together, smooth

on both sides, doubly toothed.
Leafstalks, glandulous, armed underneath with crooked

thorns.
Flowers, small, full ; of a pale pink, or flesh-colour.

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 161

34. idgathe Somesson.
Petite Jlgathe.

Shrub, armed with numerous thorns, mostly strong and

crooked.

Branches, flexile.
Flowers, small, fall, of a lilac-pink.

35. Jlgathe Manchette.
Grande Tartare.

Shrub, forming a spreading bush, armed with many

thorns.
Flowers, middle-sized, regular, very fiill ; pale pink in

the circumference.

36. Claire D'Olban.

Shrub, armed like the preceding.
Tube of calyx, large, very short.

Flowers, middle-sized, full, regular, pale pink at the
circumference, vivid in the centre.

37. Cleonice.

Leaflets, purple when young.
Flowerstalk, not hispid, but glandulous.
Flowers, middle-sized, full, of a lilac-pink.

SECTION IV. — FLESH-COLOURED OR PINK.

38. Coralie.

Flowers, middle-sized, very double, well formed, flesh-
coloured ; very pretty.

39. General Foy.

Flowers, very well formed; middle-sized, very double,
of a deep brilliant pink, flesh-coloured at the edge.

A Rouen variety.

162 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

40. Rose Prevale.

Flowers, rising, very double, large, flesh-coloured.
A Rouen variety.

41. La Delicatesse.

Flowers, middle-sized, very well formed, very double,
flesh-coloured.

42. Pallas.

Flowers, small, in bouquets, very double, flesh-coloured.

43. Anarelle.

Flowers, small, double, of a deep lilac-red.

44. Damas Argente.
Rose Argente.

Shrub, armed with strong crooked thorns.
Flowers, small, double, flesh-coloured.

45. Celestine.

Shrub, armed like the preceding.
Flowers, large, full, flesh-coloured.

46. Cartier Damask.
Rose Cartier.

Shrub, vigorous, very thorny.

Thorns, strong and crooked.

Flowers, middle-sized, very double, regular ; of a bright

pink.

This sub-variety resembles the Belgian rose; ex-
cept that the tube of the calyx is very short, and not
tightened in the throat.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 163

47. Henri IV.

Shrub, vigorous, armed with short thick thorns mixed
with glandulous bristles.

Leaflets, purple in their youth, hairy underneath, oval-
oblong.

Tube of calyx, top-shaped.

Flowers, ve^y large, attaining sometimes five inches in
diameter ; full, regular, of a bright pink.

48. Isoline.

Flowers, large, regular, bright pink.

49. La Constance.
Hundred-leaved ofAvranches.
Centifolia Incarnata.
Centifolia Peonceflora.
Duchesse de Grammont.

Shrub, with spreading branches, diffuse and flexile;

very thorny.
Flowers, double, large, of a light pink, vivid in the

centre.

50. Illustre Beaute.

Thorns, feeble, thin, scattered, mixed with numerous

glandulous bristles.
Leaflets, glandulous, simply toothed.
Tube of calyx, oval-turbinated, smooth.
Flowers, full, regular, middle-sized, bright flesh-colour ;

very pretty.

51. La Rochefoucault L'iancourt.

Shrub, very vigorous, with uneven thorns ; the larger

ones curved.
Flowers, middle-sized, very double, dark pink ; pretty,

but rare, and covered with the foliage.

164 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

52. Thalie.

Branches, covered with numerous unequal thorns,

usually straight, mixed with bristles.
Lea/lets, wrinkled and veined, hairy on both sides.
Tube of calyx, top-shaped, very short, hispid and glan-

dulous.
Flowers, small, full, of a purplish pink.

SECTION V. — RED, PURPLE, OR STRIPED FLOWERS.

53. Faustina.

Shrub, bearing long unifloral flowerstalks.
Flowers, very full, middle-sized, of a bright red.

54. La Mienne.

Flowers, large, very double, of a light purple, glossy,
resembling the Rose du Roi,

55. Variegated Damask.

Leaves, pubescent.

Flowers, middle-sized, double, white variegated with
pink.

56. Belle Damas.

Shrub, very vigorous, and much ramified.
Thorns, numerous, uneven, slightly crooked, reddish.
Leaflets, five or seven ; pale green, oval, rather closed.
Flowers, terminal, crowning the shrub in clusters of

five or seven ; very large and very full.
Petals, a clear red.

57. Damas Pourpre.

Shrub, low, spreading, very thorny.
Flowers, middle-sized, full, of a vivid, uniform purplish
pink ; sometimes light purple.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 165

58. Sanspareille of Holland.
Branches, thin, kneed, very thorny.
Leaves, usually double ; except on the suckers.
Flowers, full, very small, of a lilac-pink, sometimes

marbled with deep purple.
Petals, undulated and blistered.

59.

Flowers, middle-sized, flesh-colour, very pretty.

II. Frankfort Rose.
Rosa Turbinata.
Rosa Francofurtiana.
Rosa Campanulata.
Rosa Francofurtensis.
Shrub, vigorous, forming a thick bush.
Suckers, armed with strong, unequal, crooked thorns,

mixed with bristles.

Leafstalks, usually hairy, thorny, and glandulous.
Stipules, large, cottonous on the edges ; entire.
Leaflets, five or seven ; oval, hairy underneath.
Flowerstalk, branching, hispid, glandulous.
Floral leaves, large, wide, oval or orbicular.
Tube of calyx, smooth at the summit, large, turbinated,

widened at the summit, without tightening.
Sepals, short, usually glandulous, terminated by a

point ; three of them bearing appendages.
Flowers, double or full.

1. Rosier de Francfort.
Branches, glaucous, often unarmed.

166 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

Leaflets, near together, wrinkled, veined ; pale under-
neath, with simple or convergent toothing.

Flowers, large or middle-sized ; almost full, of a blue-
ish purple.

2. Dutch Pceony Rose.
Grand Pivoine.

Tube of calyx, short, very thick ; turbinated, smooth,

and glossy.
Flowers, of a bright pink in the centre, lighter at the

circumference.

3. Belle Vwtorine.

Floral leaves, almost orbicular.

Flowers, middle-sized, full; flesh-coloured in the centre,
pale pink at the circumference.

Rose Pavot, or Poppy Rose.

Floral leaves, large and oval at the base of the clus-
ters ; lanceolated on the secondary flowerstalks.
Tube of calyx, smooth and glaucous.
Flowers, semi-double, large ; red, or bright purple.

4. Belle Rosine.
Rose Cerise.
Amelia.

Shrub, having very crooked branches.

Flowerstalks, glandulous above the floral leaves, almost

smooth at the base.
Flowers, large or middle-sized, double, of a bright

cherry-colour.

5. jlncelm.

Shrub, very vigorous, with numerous crooked thorns,

enlarged at their base.
Leaves, whitish underneath; tinged with pink when

young.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 167

Leaflets, five, rounded, slightly toothed.
Flowers, large, double, very fine, numerous, in upright
branches.

6. Valerie.

Leaflets, very small, hairy on both sides.
Tube of calyx, short, turbinated.
Sepals, short
Flowers, full, very small, pale pink.

7. Jlimable Eleonore.

Stipules, wide.

Leaflets, five or seven, oval, oblong; smooth on the
upper surface, rather pubescent underneath ; sim-
ply and deeply toothed.

Flowers, middle-sized, full, of a bright dark pink, or
cherry-colour.

III. Belgian Rose.
Rosa Belgica.
Rosa Damascena.
Rosa Alba.
Rose de Puteaux.

Shrub, vigorous, forming a thick bush.

Branches, spreading, kneed or elbowed, flexile, very
thorny, keeping their leaves late in the season.

Thorns, long, uneven, the strongest crooked, mixed
with bristles.

Leaflets, five or seven, large, oval, obtuse, rather hairy
underneath, simply toothed, the teeth hairy, seldom
glandulous.

Leafstalks, hairy and glandulous ; usually armed un-
derneath with small crooked thorns.

168 THE BOOK OP ROSES.

Flowerstalks, very long, divided, armed with thorns

under the bracteal leaves ; glandulous above.
Tube of calyx, glandulous, narrow, and very long,

distaff-shaped, narrow in the throat.
Sepals, glandulous, foliaged, longer than the bud, and

shorter than the petals; three bearing long, di-

vergent appendages.

Flowers, very fragrant, in multifloral open clusters.
Fruit, elongated, swelling in the centre, narrow at the

base and summit ; red.

This is the rose so much cultivated by perfumers
for making rose-water. There are a great number of
sub-varieties.

SECTION 1. — WHITE FLOWERS.
1 . Parure des Yierges.

Leaflets, rounded, and lighter-coloured than the other

sub-varieties.

Tube of calyx, smooth at the summit.
Flowers, semi-double, middle-sized, white.

2. CEillet Blanc.
Shrub, with slender branches.
Lea/lets, five in number, pointed.

Flowers, small, double, white, of a pinkish hue.

3. Miroir des Dames.
Pyr amide */lgr cable.

Leaflets, five ; smooth and glossy on the upper surface,

with sloping teeth.
Flowerstalk, glandulous and viscous.
Tube of calyx, oval, pear-shaped, hispid and glandu-

lous, viscous and fragrant.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 169

Flowers, growing in small clusters ; full, middle-sized,
white in the circumference, bright pink in the
centre.

4. Petite Lisette, (alba hybrida cum bifera.)

Leaflets, pointed.

Tube of calyx, glandulous, smooth at the summit.
Flowers, double, middle-sized ; flesh-coloured, becoming
almost white.

5. Wliite Promns.
Mock Unique.

Shrub, very beautiful, when the flowers blow freely,

which seldom happens.
Flowers, large, very double, white in the circumference,

bright flesh-colour in the centre.

SECTION II. — PINK FLOWERS.

6. Belgian Rose.

Flowers, middle-sized, half double, pale pink.

7. York and Lancaster.

Flowers, middle-sized, half-double, striped and varie-
gated white with pink.

8. LaFelicite.

Flowers, differ from the preceding in having macu-
lated spots, and being variegated with a deeper red.

9. Junon Argentee.

Petite Junon de Hollande.
Petite Erneste.
Hoi de Perse.
Flowers, double, small, of a pale pink.

170 THE BOOK OP ROSES.

10. Glycere.

Branches, very thorny.
Leaves, close together, often doubly toothed.
Flowers, double, middle-sized, of a vivid pink, in multi-
floral clusters.

1 1 . Boule Hortensia.
JlgatJie Majestueuse.
Le Triomphe.

Flowers, double, middle-sized, round; when blown of a
pale pink, red when in the bud.

12. Clarisse.
Branches, straight.

Flowers, middle-sized, double, of a light pink.

1 3. Merveille du Monde.
Roi des Pays Bas.
Imperatrice de Hollande.

Leaflets, very large.

Tube of calyx, large, long, slightly tightened at the

summit.
Flowers, large, double; of a vivid light pink, brilliant

and uniform.

14. Sylvia.

Shrub, very vigorous.

Leaves, large, with oval leaflets ; more pubescent on

the under than the upper surface.
Flowerstalk, very long.
Tube of calyx, oblong.
Flowers, blowing in open clusters, middle-sized or

large, full.
Petals, large, thick, of a vivid carmine, uniform, and

lasting.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 171

SECTION III. — PORTLAND ROSES.

This variety, which has much affinity with the
Belgian rose, is one of the most fragrant known; and
much cultivated for purposes of perfumery.

The following roses flower at various seasons of the
year.

15. ^Pauline Diibreuil.

Flowers, middle-sized, semi-double, flesh-colour.

16. Monthly Rose.
Rose du Calendrier.
Perpetuelle Semi-double.

Tube of calyx, (very remarkable,) pear-shaped in its
youth, distaff-shaped or fusiform when the corolla
is expanded, and oval after fecundation.

Flowers, middle-sized, semi-double, of a light pink.

17. Le Desespoir des Amateurs.
Rosa Perpetuosissima.

This shrub, which flowered for the first time in 1832,
unites the specific characters of the Damask in its
wood and thorns, the May rose in its leaves and leaf-
stalks, the leaflets of the Bengal, the clusters of the
Noisette, the ovary of the He de Bourbon, the spots
on the wood and flowerstalk of the Tea rose, and the
fragrance of the Hundred-leaved.

Shrub, vigorous.

Branches, thick.

Thorns, long, uneven, straight, or a little bent

Leaflets, three to seven; small, oval, pointed, of a pale

green on the upper surface, glaucous on the under.
Flowers, very large, full, expanding of a bright pink,

turning to flesh-colour, fragrant.

i 2

172 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

18. Palmyre.

Branches, long and vertical.

Flowers, middle-sized, double, regular; of a pale pink,
turning to flesh-colour.

19. Belle Faber.

Tube of calyx, ob-conical, very long, almost club-
shaped.

Flowers, very large, very double, attaining five inches
in diameter, pink, not very regular.

RED FLOWERS.

20. Rose du Roi.
Rose Lelieur.

y

Flowers, middle-sized, bright red, often more vivid at
the second flowering than in the spring.

Remarkable from its calyx, which has often six
sepals.

Red-blossomed Perpetuelle.
Flowers, middle-sized, half-double, of a bright red.

Philippe I.

Shrub, vigorous, the young branches elbowed.
Thorns, very numerous, and fine, uneven, and rather

bent.

Leaves, large, composed of seven leaflets.
Leaflets, oval, evenly toothed; having a few thorns on

the mid-rib.

Tube of calyx, pear-shaped.
Flowers, very large, Ml, of a fine deep violet; in

clusters of three or five.

The following flower twice a-year.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 173

RED FLOWERS.

2 1 . Double-flowering Red Portland.
Semi-double ditto.

Flowers, middle-sized, of a very brilliant red.

22. Large-flowering Portland.

Flowers, very large, semi-double, or double, of a vivid
red.

PINK FLOWERS.

23. Rose Preval

Tube of calyx, ob-conical, smooth, often striped with

dark green at the base.
Flowers, large, very double, pale pink.

This shrub yields finer flowers at the second flower-
ing than the first.

24. Rose of Four Seasons.
Pink-blossomed Perpetual.

Branches, straight and vertical.

Leaflets, simply toothed, with hairy, but not glandu-

lous teeth.
Flowers, middle-sized, semi-double, of a pale pink.

25. Unarmed Ever-flowering Rose.
Quatre Sa'tsons mains Epineux.

Branches, smooth and glossy in many parts, armed with

irregular, scattered thorns.
Flowers, middle-sized, semi-double, of a pale pink.

26. Double Portland.
La Moderne.

Shrub, armed with feeble thorns.

Flowers, large, semi-double, of a pale purplish pink.

174 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

27. RoseBuffon.
Josephine.
La Gracieuse.

Flowers, middle-sized, very full, pale pink.

28. Bifera Venusta.

Calyx, having frequently six sepals.

Flowers, middle-sized, full, of a very light pink.

WHITE OR STRIPED FLOWERS.

29. Twice-blowing IVlute.
Perpetuelle Blanche.
Quatre Saisons Blanche.

Flowers, middle-sized, double, white, slightly flesh-
coloured in expanding.

30. Four Seasons, variegated.
Quatre Saisons, panachee.

Flowers, middle-sized, double; white, striped with pink
when cultivated in light ground, but the stripes
disappearing in strong soil.

Flowers but once a-year.

31. Caroline Maille.

Shrub, feebly armed.

Lea/lets, five, the lower pair small; the upper large.
Flowers, full, middle-sized, white at the circumference,
and slightly flesh-coloured in the centre.

32. Adele Prevost.

Flowers, large or middle-sized; regular, pale pink,
brilliant and uniform.

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 175

33. Jeanne Hachette.

Branches, short.

Leaves, pale green.

Tube of calyx, very large, often an inch in length, and

half an inch in breadth.
Flowers, full, very large, of a light pink in the centre,

and paler at the circumference.
I

34. Comtesse Langeron.

Flowers, middle-sized, full, flesh-coloured.

The buds of this rose perish if allowed to be too
numerous.

35. Jeune Henri.

Branches, tinged with purple.

Flowers, full, purplish, of a deep vivid red.

36. Prince of Wales.

Branches, unarmed, and tinged with purple.
Leaflets, glossy, large, dark green, sharply toothed.
Tube of calyx, narrow, very long.
Sepals, terminated by a very long point.
Flowers, full, large, of a light red, or a deep vivid pink.

37. Lodoisfca Mar in.
Flowers, large, pale pink.

38. Rosa Radicaulis.

Flowers, full, middle-sized, flesh-celoured.
Flowerstalk, extremely short.

Petals, the inner ones very numerous, narrow and
sloped at the summit.

39. Warata.

Leaves, of a dark green.

176 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

Flowers, large or middle-sized, very full, fragrant, of a
light purplish violet, vivid and uniform.

40. Triomphe de Rouen.
Flowers, large, full, of a pale pink.

DOUBLE HYBRID ROSES.

4 1 . Emilie Mauger.

Alba Bifera, or Vix Bifera.

Leaves, of a glaucous green.
Leafstalks, having crooked thorns.
Leaflets, rounded, doubly and sharply toothed.
Flowers, middle-sized, double, flesh-coloured.

42. Soeur Vincent.

Flowerstalk, short.

Flowers, middle-sized, full, of a pale pink or flesh-
colour.

43. Rose a Odeur de Dragees.

Branches, vigorous, rather vine-like at the summit.

Leaflets, glossy on the upper surface.

Tube of calyx, smooth, sometimes claviform.

Flowers, full, large, flesh-coloured.

Petals, narrow, and longitudinally plaited.

The flowers seldom expand favourably.

44. Pompon of the Four Seasons.

Shrub, small, delicate, susceptible to frost.

Leaves, small, and near together.

Flowers, very small, double, fragrant, of a pale pink

colour, springing from the leaf-buds at the second

flowering.

THE BOOK OP HOSBS. 177

IV. Rosa Centifolia, Hundred-leaved, or

Cabbage Rose.
Rosa Polyanthos.
Rosa Caryophyllea.
Rosa Unguiculata.
Rosa Varians.

Shruby forming a high bush with divergent branches.
Thorns, unequal, and scattered on the branches ; the

largest falcate, mingled with bristles and glands ;

those of the branchlets, thornless.
Leaves, distant and not numerous.
Lea/lets, five or seven; oblong, sharply and doubly

toothed; smooth on the upper surface, pubescent

underneath.

Leafstalks, thorny, glandulous.
Flowerstalks, long, bearing pedicellated glands.
Tube of calyx, glandulous, oval, oblong or fusiform;

rarely turbinated.
Sepals, having fragrant viscous glands, terminating in

a point ; three of them furnished on the sides with

very long divergent appendages.
Buds, conical.
Flowers, either drooping or erect, fragrant; of a pure

pink; regular, very full, sometimes solitary, more

commonly in clusters of from two to five.
Fruit, red, oval.

This variety, one of the most ancient recorded, unites
brilliancy of colour with regularity of form and a deli-
cious fragrance ; and is consequently styled, in general
acceptation, the Queen of the Flower-garden.

i3

178 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

SECTION I. — ANOMALOUS FLOWERS.
A. — HAVING DEFORMED PETALS.

1 . Cent-feuille sans Petales.
Rosa Centifolia JLpetala.

A monstrous variety, of which the petals are abortive.
The merit of this flower consists in its singularity.

2. Rose CEillet.
Centifolia Cariopliyllea.
Rosa Unguiculata.

Flowers, small, semi-double, of a pale pink.
Petals, very small, unguiculated; having a triangular
expanse, and three points or teeth at the summit.

3. Crested Hundred-leaved.
Centifolia Cristata.

Flowers, full, large, fragrant, of a bright light pink.

Sepals, three of them bordered with appendages, divided
into numerous short linear leaflets, in a striking
and elegant form, but having no analogy with
Moss roses ; very beautiful.

B. — Moss ROSES.

4. Mousseuse Panachee.

Shrub, unarmed and glandulous.

Leaves, glaucous.

Tube of calyx, oval, fusiform j having stripes alternately

mossy and glaucous.
Flowers, semi-double, middle-sized, white, variegated

with pink.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 179

WHITE-FLOWERS.

5. JFliite Moss Rose.
Leaves, glaucous.

Leaflets, obtuse, round, or oval.

Flowers, middle-sized, full, white; usually a little tinged

with flesh-colour in the centre before they are

perfectly expanded.

6. Neve White Moss Rose. (Shatter' s.)

Shrub, more vigorous and thorny than the preceding.
Leaves, greener and larger.
Moss, longer and more abundant.
Flowers, fuller, larger, and whiter.

PINK OR FLESH-COLOURED FLOWERS.

7. Monsieur Vilmorin.
Mousseuse Car nee.

Shrub, vigorous.

Flowers, full, middle-sized, and flesh-coloured.

8. Muscosa Gracilis. (Shailer's.)
Pale -flower ing Moss Rose.

Branches, slender.

Leaflets, large.

Flowers, usually drooping, full, of a pale pink.

9. Common Moss Rose.
Muscosa Centifolia.
Rosa Ruhr a.

Flowers, full, middle-sized or large; light pure pink.
10. Single Moss Rose.

Flowers, middle-sized, single, or semi-double; of a
bright light pink.

180 THE BOOK OP ROSES.

1 1 . Dark Moss Rose.
Mousseuse Coccinee.

Flowers, middle-sized, full, regular, of a bright deep
pink, almost red.

12. Red Moss Rose.
Mousseuse des Peintres.
Mousseuse Pourpre.

Leaflets, edged with purple.

Flowers, semi-double, middle-sized; of a pale red, or
deep pink.

13. Sage-leafed Moss Rose.
Hemp-leafed Moss Rose.

Leaflets, narrow, oblong, veined reticularly; edged with

purple when young.

Flowers, full, middle-sized; of a bright light pink.
Petals, narrow and spatulated.

14. ZoeBartet.

Shrub, vigorous, very thorny.

Leafstalks, covered with moss.

Leaflets, five or occasionally seven, covered on the

upper surface with brown viscous moss.
Flowers, middle-sized, double, fragrant; of a light

clear pink.

Mousseuse Prolifcre.

Flowers, large, very full, the colour of the common
Moss rose; expanding with difficulty, but extremely
beautiful.

Moss Rose of Four Seasons.

Flowers, small, double, in clusters of seven or nine.
Tube of calyx, and Sepals, very mossy.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 181

15. Mossy Half -double Hose.
Flowers, large, half-double, bright pink.

16. Anemone Moss Rose.
Mousseuse de la Flcche.

Branches, purple and bristled.

Leaflets, purple when young; mossy on the edges and

lower surface.
Flowers, small, semi-double, saucer-shaped ; of a dark

pink, very mossy.

SECTION II. — DWARF Moss ROSES.

17. Pompon Moss Rose.

Shrub, a dwarf, in all its proportions, of the common

Moss rose.
Flowers, full, very small ; of a pale pink.

SECTION III. — SHRUBS HAVING HETEROGENEOUS
LEAVES.

18. Celery-leafed Hundred- leaved Rose.
Currant-leafed Hundred-leaved Rose.
Centifolia Bipinnata.

Flowers, full, globular, of a middle size, and light pink
colour.

19. Oak-leaf ed Hundred-leaved Rose.
Rosa Ilicifolia.

Rosa Grandidentata.

Branches, tinged with purple.

Leaflets, oval, undulated, curved, sometimes globose
and doubled ; pointed, notched with large teeth.

Flowers, middle-sized, very full, of a pale pink or flesh-
colour ; expanding with difficulty.

182 THE BOOK OP ROSES.

20. Centifolia Heterophylla.

Leaflets, lanceolated, pale green; bearing on their edges

certain leafy appendages of a dark green colour.
Flowers, double, middle-sized, of a pale pink.

21. Elm-leafed Hundred-leaved Rose.

Thorns, stronger than in the oak-leafed.
Leaflets, larger and more curled.

Flowers, larger, full ; of a pale pink ; expanding favour-
ably.

22. Notched-leafed Hundred-leaved Rose.
Round-leafed Hundred-leaved Rose.
Rosa Centifolia Crenata.

Leaflets, rounded ; having notchy teeth.
Flowers, small, full, pink.

23. Lettuce-leafed Hundred-leaved Rose.
Cabbage -leafed Hundred-leaved Rose.
Rosa Bullata.

Leaflets, very large, undulated, curved, bulging.
Flowers, large, full, globular, of a uniform light pink.

SECTION IV. — SUB-VARIETIES OF COLOUR.
WHITE FLOWERS.

24. White Unique Hundred-leaved.
Centifolia Mutabilis.
Centifolia Nivea.

Centifolia Unica.

Leaflets, doubly toothed, with very glandulous teeth.

Buds, red.

Flowers, full, middle-sized, white.

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 183

25. Belle Antide.

Shrub, very vigorous, resembling the common Hundred-
leaved.

Leaflets, glaucous underneath ; oval, slightly toothed.

Flowers, numerous, clustering, well-formed, very dou-
ble ; white, slightly tinged with flesh-colour.

Petals, sometimes rolled in the centre ; rumpled at the
circumference, slightly sloped. at the summit.

VARIEGATED FLOWERS.

26. Hundred-leaved Marbled Rose.
Rumpled Hundred-leaved Rose.

Flowers, middle-sized or large ; full, of a light pink,
marbled or veined with deeper pink ; petals curled.

A change of soil or culture will cause the variegation
to disappear.

27. Striped Unique.
Tulip Rose. (Paltot.)

Leaflets, doubly toothed, with very glandulous teeth.
Flowers, full, middle-sized, white.
Petals, white ; striped and veined inside with bright
pink.

28. Duke of Choiseul.

Flowerstalks, long, tinged, as well as the branches, with

purple.

Sepals, foliaceous, very long.
Buds, conical.
Flowers, very large, double, of a spotted bright pink.

29. Variegated Hundred-leaved Rose,

(of Chartres!)
Flowers, double, very fine ; variegated like a Provins rose.

184 THE BOOK OP ROSES,

PINK OR FLESH-COLOURED FLOWERS.
30. Common Hundred-leaved, or Cabbage Rose.

Shrub, vigorous.

Thorns, uneven ; the largest scythe-shaped.

Lea/lets, edged with glands.

Flowers, drooping, large, of a beautiful pink ; fragrant,

full.

Calyx, viscous.
Fruit, oblong.

31. Hundred-leaved Rose of Painters.
Flowers, larger and more vivid than in the preceding.

32. Large Dutch Hundred-leaved Hose.
Centifolia Maxima.

Shrub, vigorous.

Branches, tinged with purple.

Sepals, not foliaceous.

Flowers, large, very full, globular ; pale pink.

33. Hundred-leaved Rose of Descemet.
Rouen Painters' Rose.

Shrub, throwing up numerous suckers.
Flowers, very large, semi-double ; of a bright light pink,
fragrant.

34. Caroline de Herri.
Foliaceous Hundred-leaved Rose.
Centifolia Flore Magno Pleno.

Sepals, formed of pinnatifid leaflets.
Tube of calyx, almost obliterated.
Flowers, large, full, hemispherical, of a light pink ; not
often expanding advantageously.

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 185

35. Hundred-leaved Rose of Nancy.

Petals, very large, double, fragrant ; of a vivid pink.
Stamens, concealed by the innermost petals.

36. Queen of the Hundred-leaved Roses.

Shrub, very vigorous.

Flowers, d(*ible, very large, very beautiful ; of a light
pink.

Obtained in Belgium, in 1824.

37. Hundred-leaved Rose of La Hogue.
Cent-feuilles Robin.

Shrub, vigorous, covered with straight thorns ; unequal

and interspersed with bristles.
Flowers, large, full, inclining, hemispherical, pale pink.

38. Van Spaendonck.

Leaflets, and Branches, tinged with purple when young;

leaflets doubly toothed, and glandulous.
Flowers, large or middle-sized, full, of a deep vivid

pink.

39. Grand Berkam.

Flowers, large or middle-sized ; semi-double, of a light
pink.

40. Hundred-leaved Rose of Varin.

Leaflets, orbicular or oval ; rounded at the summit.

Flowerstalks, straight.

Flowers, large or middle-sized ; very double, light pink.

This variety was obtained by grafting a Pompon
Varin, the dimensions of which were accidentally de-
veloped.

186 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

4 1 . Unique Hundred- leaved Rose.
Red Unique Hundred-leaved.

Shrub, more strongly armed than the common Hundred-
leaved.

Tube of calyx, shorter.

Flowers, very double; large or middle-sized; of a bright
light pink.

42. Rose Claire.

Flowers, double, middle-sized ; of a very light pink ;
extremely beautiful.

Troyes, 1822. A hybrid.

43. Petit Cesar.

Flowers, middle-sized, double, irregular ; of a fine pink.

44. Cent-feuilles Vergmale.

Tube of calyx, fusiform, twice as long as broad.
Flowers, middle-sized, semi-double, salver-shaped ; of a
flesh-coloured pink, bright and uniform.

45. Rose F^ilmorin.
La Transparente.

Tube of calyx, egg-shaped, not quite twice as long as

broad.
Flowers, full, middle-sized, flesh-coloured.

46. Flesh-coloured Hundred-leaved Rose.
La Gaillarde.

Leaflets, large, deeply toothed.
Tube of calyx, short, oval, turbinated.
Buds, short and round.

Flowers, middle-sized, very full, globular, of a pale
flesh-colour.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 187

47. Rose Byron.

Leaflets, five or seven; curved, very long, the edges

raised; simply and glandulously toothed.
Flowers, middle-sized, semi-double, hemispherical, red.

48. Countess of (Eltingen.

Flowers, small, double, flesh-coloured, very pretty.
Obtained in the Bas Rhin, 1826.

49. Single-flowering Hundred-leaved Rose.
Tube of calyx, oval-fusiform.

Petals, twelve in number ; but forming a single bright
pink flower.

50. Countess of Chamois.

S ordered Hundred-leaved Rose.
Centifolia Fastiaiata.

Branches, slender and vertical.
Leaflets, large, rounded-oval.

Flowers, middle-sized or small, full, hemispherical;
pink.

Anemone Hundred-leaved Rose.
La Coquille.

Flowers, middle-sized, semi-double, salver-shaped, of a

light pink.
Petals, the inner ones small, short, and concave ; those

of the circumference, large.

SECTION V. — POMPON ROSES.
LEAFLESS POMPONS.

51. Pompon des Dames.
Petite Hollande.

Flowers, small, very double ; pale pink or flesh-colour.

188 THE BOOK OP ROSES.

52. Kingston Pompon.

Shrub, of moderate height.

Leaves, the size of the common Hundred-leaved.

Flowers, very small, flesh-coloured, very double.

Pompon F~arin.
Dwarf Hundred-leaded.
Sara.
Calvert.

Shrub, dwarfed.
Lea/lets, oval-rounded.
Tube of calyx, oval, pear-shaped.
Flowers, semi-double, small ; light pink at the circum-
ference, bright in the centre.

53. Common Pompon.

Rosa Centifolia Pomponia.
Rosa Centifolia Minor.
Rosa Divionensis.
Rosa Pomponia.
Rosa Burgundiaca.
Rosa Provincialis.

Flowers, very small and very double ; of a light pink,
or pale pink.

54. Pompon Royal.

Flowers, rather larger than the preceding.

55. Pompon^ having a purple centre.
Pompon Brun.

Shrub, having a less straight and less lofty stem than

the preceding.
Branches, often tinged on one side with purple.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 189

Flowers, very small and very double ; of a light rose
on the circumference, very deep, and vivid in the
centre.

56. Pompon du Roi.

Dwarf Pompon i with purple centre.

Shrub, extremely small.

Flowers, e^remely small, very double; pale pink at
the circumference, deep red or purple in the centre.

57. Pompon of Seven Petals.
Pompon de Sept a Douze Petales.

Flowers, very small, semi-double, or double ; light pink.

BURGUNDY POMPONS.

Among these we shall class the Rosa parvifolia of
Lindley, named Burgundiaca by Rossig and others ;
conceiving them to possess a greater analogy with
the Pompon rose than with the Rosa Gallica, with
which many of its specific characters entitle it to be
classed.

Rose of Burgundy.
Petit St. Francois.
Pompon St. Francois.
Rosa Parvifolia.
Rosa Remensis.
Champagne Rose.
Rose de Meaux.
Shrub, small, forming a thick bush.
Branches, erect, slender, feeble; armed at their base
with a few unequal thorns, scattered, feeble, rather
bent, mingled with a few bristles.

Leafstalks, hairy, armed with a few scattered thorns,
straight and glandulous.

190 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

Leaflets, five, oval, rather lanceolated ; smooth, and of
a dark green on the upper surface, pale on the
under ; pubescent on the nerves ; serrated and
glandulous at the edges.

Flowers, very small, very double, solitary, devoid of
bracteal leaves ; surmounted by the young shoots ;
of a pale purple, sometimes pink ; rarely fra-
grant,

Stipules, linear, almost naked; fringed with greenish
glands.

Tube of calyx, usually oval, naked.

Sepals, naked, reflexed, oval, concave, without divisions,
much shorter than the corolla.

Styles, hairy, rather salient, cohesive by their down.

Of this rose the fertile single-flowering type is not
determined.

SECTION VI. — HYBRID SUB-VARIETIES.

58. Large-stemmed Hundred-leaved Rose.
Shrub, vigorous.

Flowers, large, very full; of a fine pink; numerous,
and of a striking appearance.

59. Illustre en Beaute.

Flowers, middle-sized, very pretty, of a shapely form,
full ; carmine-coloured.

60. Artemisia.

Leaves, growing far apart.

Tube of calyx, top-shaped.

Buds, conical.

Flowers, middle-sized, double, of a light bright pink.

61. Batarde du Roi.
Tube of calyx, egg-shaped.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 191

Buds, red.

Flowers, large, drooping, full ; of a vivid pink.

62. Silvery Hundred-leaved Rose.
Flowers, middle-sized, full, of a bright very-pale pink.

63. Belle Agathe Carnee.
Shrub, bearing scattered leaves.

Leaflets, haviag the edges and nerves extremely purple ;

simply or doubly toothed, with large teeth, pointed

and uneven.

Flowerstalk, long and thin.
Flowers, small, full, of a deep pink or light purple.

64. Clelie.

Flowers, very large, semi-double, hemispherical, regu-
lar ; of a light clear pink.

65. Belle Helene.
Flowers, very large, semi-double.
Petals, displayed ; of a light brilliant pink.

66. Betzi.

Tube of calyx, oval, fusiform.

Flowers, large or middle-sized; full, pale pink.

67. Hundred-leaved Rose of Anjou.
Tube of calyx, long, fusiform, viscous.
Sepals, viscous.

Flowers, large, full, of a light bright pink.

68. Duchess of JlngouUme.
Heine de Prusse.
Duke of Bavaria.
Triumph of Braltant.

Shrub, feebly armed.

Flowers, large or middle-sized, full, very regular ; of a
light bright pink.

192 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

69. Hundred-leaved of Bourdeaux.
Leaflets, simply toothed at the summit, toothless at the

base.

Flowerstalks, long.
Tube of calyx, oval. "
Flowers, small, regular, full; hemispherical ; vivid

pink, inclining to lilac.

70. Le Trwmphe.
Grande Pwoine de Lille.
Rose Pavor.

Grand Triomphe.
Branches, slender, leaves distant.
Leaflets, simply toothed.
Leafstalks, usually thorny.
Flowerstalks, long.
Flowers, drooping, large, full, regular ; of a light purple,

inclining to slate-colour ; very uniform.
This rose succeeds much better as a stock, than when
grafted.

71. La Circassienne .
Shrub, vigorous.
Branches, erect.

Lea/lets, doubly toothed.
Flower stalk, long.

Flowers, clustering, large, full, very regular, of a light
uniform pink.

72. Grosse Hollande.

Multifloral Dutch Hundred-leaded.
Rosa Elongata.
Leaflets, usually doubly toothed.
Tube of calyx, very long, often humped in the centre,

smooth, not much tightened in the throat.
Flowers, full, middle-sized, irregular, of a light pink.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 193

72. Mere Gigogne.

Leaflets, hairy underneath.

Flowers, middle-sized, full ; of a bright light pink.

73. Irene.

Flowerstalks, long.

Tube of calyx, narrow, rather tightened in the throat.

Flowers, middle-sized, full ; of a bright light pink.

74. Cleopatra.

Leaves, very distant from each other.
Tube of calyx, oval-turbinated.

Flowers, fragrant, full, middle-sized; of a light pink,
becoming paler after they have expanded.

75. Hebe.

Shrub, slightly armed.
Branches, tinged with purple.
Leaflets, rounded.
Flowerstalks, long.

Tube of calyx, oval, narrowing at the summit.
Flowers, semi-double, numerous ; of a light red or deep
pink.

76. Dejanira.

Branches, slender and branching.
Leaves, distant.

Tube of calyx, oval, pear-shaped.
Flowers, full, middle-sized, light pinko

77. Unique Admirable.
Unica Spectabilis.

Leaves, distant from each other, simply toothed.
Tube of calyx, oval-turbinated.

Flowers full, middle-sized, regular; of a vivid light
red.

194 THE BOOK OP ROSES.

78. Precieuse.

Branches, slender, and spreading.

Thorns, light brown.

Leaflets, fine, some spatulated, some oval.

Flowers, not numerous, very double, well formed; two
or three together.

Petals, pink, sometimes pale; those of the circum-
ference rumpled, those of the centre rolled like
a ring.

V. Promns Rose.
Rosa Provincialis.
Rosa Gallica.
Rosa Incarnata.
Rosa Sylvatica,
Rosa Holosericea.
Rosa Belgica.
Rosa Cuprea.

With single flowers and trailing roots, botanists
have made of it the

, Rosa Gallica Pumila.
Rosa Pumila.
Rosa Repens.
Rosa Austriaca.
Rosa Olympica.

With leaves naked on both sides, it forms

Rosa Gallica Jlrvina.

Rosa *drvina.
Shrub, lofty.

-Branches, straight, not very thorny.
Leaflets, seven or five; large, pointed, doubly toothed,
with sharp teeth.

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 195

Leafstalks, bearing a few thorns.

Flowerstalks, slightly glandulous.

Tube of calyr, the same.

Sepals, much divided, reflexed.

Flowers, in clusters, terminating the branches to the

number of three or four ; large, red or flesh-colour,

usually semi-double.

_

SECTION 1. — PROVENCE ROSES.

1. Globe Blanc.
Calvert.
Boule de Neige.

Flowerstalks, long and glandulous.

Tube of calyx, ovoid, smooth, with narrow elongated

summit.
Flowers, semi-double, large, hemispherical, white.

2. Globe Celeste.

Flowers, very large and double ; flesh-coloured, well
formed, and pretty.

3. Porcelaine.
La Coquette.
La Pyramidale.
Grande Couronnee.
Belle de Gels.
Rose Varin.
Pallidwr.
Damascena Mutabilis.

Tube of calyx, smooth at the summit.
Flowers, semi-double, large ; expanding of a pale pink,
and becoming white afterwards.

K 2

196 THE BOOK OP ROSES.

4. Cumberland Hose.
Grande Sultane.

Leaves, having one or two very small leaflets at the

base of the terminal leaflet.
Tube of calyx, smooth at the summit,
Flowers, semi-double, large, of a light brilliant pink.

5. Impcratrice de Russie.

Flowers, large, very double, well formed ; of a delicate
pink ; very beautiful.

6. Belle jluguste.

Shrub, spreading, with slender branches.

7. Belle de Vaucresson.

Tube of calyx, glandulous, having a slight tightening

under the tube of the throat, which is dilated.
Flowers, very foil, middle-sized, regular, flesh-coloured.

8. Leocadie.
Shrub, vigorous.

Branches, pale green, as well as the leaves.
Flowers, superb, large, very double; flesh-coloured.

9. Duchesse d"1 AngouUme.

Tube of calyx, smooth at the summit.

Flowers, in clusters ; full, very regular, middle-sized ;

white at the circumference, flesh-coloured in the

centre.
Petals, very thin and transparent.

10. Rose Princesse.

Shrub, vigorous.

Flowers, large, very double ; light pink.

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 197

11. Berenice.

Tube of calyx, smooth at the summit.
Flowers, in elegant, erect, multifloral clusters; full,
regular, middle-sized ; of a light clear pink.

12. Hose of Messina.

Flowers, 16rge, solitary, very double, of a pink inclining
to flesh-colour.

Petals, drooping, large, full, almost white at the cir-
cumference, flesh-coloured in the centre.

13. Belle Catalani.

Flowers, large, beautiful; pink in the centre, and pale
at the circumference.

14. Belle d'Aunay.

Leaves, having (like the Cumberland rose) one or two
small leaflets annexed to the unpaired leaflets; the
nerves very prominent.

Flowers, very large, semi-double ; pale pink.

15. LaFidele.

Flowers, very large, very double ; of a lilac-pink.

16. Grande Brique.

Flowers, very beautiful, having the form of the pseony ;
double, very large, of a brilliant pink.

17. Jlglae Jldanson.

Flowerstalks, long.

Tube of calyx, ovoid, often smooth at the summit.
Flowers, full, middle-sized; light pink, pale at the
circumference.

198 THE BOOK OP ROSES.

18. Brise'is.

Flowers, full, middle-sized; of a light pink, or flesh-
colour.

19. Le Grand Palais.

Flowers, pink; among the largest and most beautiful of
the tribe.

Obtained at Lacken in 1824.

20. Candide.

Tube of calyx, smooth at the summit.
Flowers, small or middle-sized ; almost white.

21. Abelard.

Flowers, middle-sized, very double; flesh-coloured, very
beautiful.

22. La Georg'wnne. \

Tube of calyx, smooth at the summit.
Flowers, middle-sized, full, with pale edges.

Princesse EUonore.

Branches, almost entirely devoid of thorns.

Flowers, large, double, well formed ; of a crimson-red.

23. JVouvelle de Province.
La Triomphante.
Justine.

Rosa Pyramidata.
Tube of calyx, smooth at the summit.
Flowers, middle-sized, double ; of a pale pink.

24. Grande Merveilleuse.

Tube of calyx, glandulous, oval or oblong.

Flowers, large or middle-sized, full, regular ; pale pink.

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 199

25. The Three Magi.

Having much analogy with the Princesse Elionore ;
but the flowers smaller, and of a paler pink.

26. Beaute du Jour.

Flowers, most beautiful, double and large; of a vivid
pink in the centre, white at the circumference.

Obtained in Flanders, 1822.

27. Marinette.

Tube of calyx, smooth.

Flowers, large, double, or full; light pink.

28. Duke of Bavaria.

Flowers, very beautiful, large, very double ; of a pure
pink, expanding well.

Brussels, 1824.

29. Nadiska.

Tube of calyx, sometimes smooth at the summit.
Flowers, full, regular, middle-sized ; of a light bright
pink.

30. Rose Courtin.

Shrub, very vigorous.

Flowers, large, very double ; flesh-coloured.

Rose Cels Pleine.
Flowers, double or full, large; flesh-coloured.

31. Princess Amelia.
Shrub, with pale green bark.
Thorns, very brown.

Tube of calyx, ovoid, tightened at the throat.
Flowers, pink, large, almost full.

200 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

32. Sampson.

Flowers, double or full, large ; of a brilliant pink.

33. Hortensia.

Flowers, very beautiful, large, full, finely, formed; colour
of the hydrangea.

34. Belle Hortense.

Flowers, large, very double ; pink, deepest in the centre.

35. Fauban.

Flowers, middle-sized, very double, flesh-coloured.

36. Agnes Sorel.

Flowers, superb, very large, double ; of a vivid pink in
the centre, whitish at the circumference.

37. Nouvelle Rose Pavot.

Flowers, large, beautiful; red in the centre, pink at
the circumference.

38. Azalia Rose.

Flowers, very small, same form and colour as the Pom-
pon Bazard; very pretty.

39. La Duchesse.

Flowers, very large and very double, well formed ; of a
light brilliant pink.

40. CUodoxe.

Flowers, charming, middle-sized, well formed, slightly
rising in the centre'; dark red.

41. Stephanie Chevrier.

Flowers, superb, large, very double, well formed; flesh-
coloured.

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 201

42. Seraphine.

Shrub, devoid of thorns.

Flowers, very beautiful, large, well formed; white,
slightly tinged with flesh-colour in the centre.

43. Goliath.

Shrub, vigorous.

Thorns, v%ry fine, and numerous.

Lea/lets, oblong, large, of a fine green.

Flowers, two or three together, very pretty, nearly five

inches broad ; of a violet-pink.
Sepals, resembling the Hundred-leaved rose.
Buds, oblong, and very large.
Fruit, conical.

44. Rose de Jessaint.

Shrub, vigorous, two or three feet high.

branches, straight and numerous.

Thorns, numerous, rather crooked, dark brown.

Lea/lets, of a dull dark green, five in number ; oval,
large, slightly toothed.

Flowers, full; three or four inches in diameter; fra-
grant, very regular; of a violet-pink, somewhat
resembling the Due de Guiche rose, but rather
paler.

45. Madame Roland.

Shrub, about two feet high, with straight branches.

Thorns, small and brown.

Leaves, distant, of a light green.

Leaflets, five ; large and oval.

Flower stalks, straight and rather stiff.

Flowers, fragrant, double, two inches and half in width;

of a pretty, pale pink.
Petals, undulated.

K 3

202 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

SECTION II. — THE AGATHE ROSES.

46. jlgathe, with glaucous leaves.
Shrub, very ramiferous, of a moderate height.
Thorns, not numerous, thin, short, greenish.
Leaflets, seven in number ; rounded, regularly toothed.
Flowers, in clusters, to the number of five or seven,

very double ; of a pretty delicate pink.

47. Felicite Boitard.
Shrub, rather high.

Branches, slender, armed with a few short thorns.
Leaves, composed of five leaflets.
Leaflets, oval, toothed, pale green.
Flower stalks, long.

Flowers, large, very double, the petals in bunches ; pale
pink, very striking.

48. Mademoiselle Boursault.

Flowers, middle-sized, very double, the petals fringed ;
white, slightly tinged with pink ; very pretty.

49. Agathe d Dix Coeurs.

Tube of calyx, short, top-shaped, smooth at the summit.
Sepals, very long, usually six or seven in number, of

which four or five are pinnatifid.
Flowers, small, very full, regular ; of a light pink, with

paler edges.

50. JLyathe Porcelaine.

Differing from the preceding only by a paler foliage,
and having sepals less foliaceous.

Flowers, small, very full, regular ; light pink, with
paler edges.

51. Marion.
Flowers, middle-sized, pretty regular, a pale lilac-pink.

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 203

52. Anatole.

Flowers, middle-sized, very full, of a bright red ; in
bouquets of from three to five ; very pretty.

53. Elouise.
Nouvelle Heloise.
Jlgaihe Nouvelle.

Shrub, hasing unarmed branches.

Tube of calyx, oval, pear-shaped, having, as well as
the footstalks, dark odoriferous glands.

Sepals, viscous, long ; two or three of them pinnatifid.

Flowers, large or middle-sized, full ; pale pink or flesh-
colour, shaded with purplish red.

54. Tlidis.

Shrub, three or four feet high.

Thorns, small, not numerous.

Leaflets, five in number, rounded, curled; hollowed i

a spatular form, of a pale green.
Flowers, in clusters of four or five ; very double, middle

sized, globose ; of a bright red, shaded with white.

55. AgatJie Prolifcre.

Flowers, small, full, of a bright flesh-colour.

Lady Fitzgerald.

Flowers, in trifloral clusters, large, very double ; white,
slightly tinged with pink.

56. Amelie & Orleans.

Flowers, large, very double, well formed ; pale pink.

57. Jlgaihe Royal.
Bouquet Parfait.

Flowers, small, full, regular ; of a bright pink or cherry -
colour, spotted with red.

204 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

58. Agatlie of Malmaison.
Flowers, large or middle-sized, full ; pale pink.

59. La Rams s ante.

Flowers very double, middle-sized, full ; pink, crest-
shaped.

60. Agatlie of Rome.

Flowers, very beautiful, very double, middle-sized;
tinged with pink.

61. L 'Elegante.

Shrub, vigorous, forming a pretty variety.
Flowers, large, very double ; of a pale pink.

62. Agathe,pink.

Flowers, middle-sized, of a very pale pink ; resembling
the Maria Louisa, but darker.

63. Agatlie Precieuse.
Agatlie Marie Louise.
Duchesse d'Angouleme.

Shrub, armed with numerous, short, uneven thorns.
Flower stalks, hispid and glandulous, often thorny.
Tube of calyx, oval, turbinated, hispid, glandulous.
Flowers, middle-sized or small, full ; flesh-coloured.

64. Agatne Incomparable.
Shrub, armed with strong crooked thorns.
Flowerstalks, short.

Tube of calyx, smooth at the summit.

Flowers, very full, small ; light purple or deep red.

65. Agatlie en Plumet.

Flowers, large, full, three inches wide; of a bright

carmine.
Petals, reflexed.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 205

SECTION III. — PROVINS ROSES.
A.— VARIEGATED, VEINED, OR SPOTTED FLOWERS.

1. Belle Emilie.
Emilie la Jolie.

Flowers, very double, middle-sized; pale pink, regu-
larly and finely spotted.

2. Selle Herminie, double.

Flower s, semi-double, small or middle-sized ; of a bright
pink, spotted.

3. Pourpre Marbre.
•drlequin.
Bizarre Changeant.

Flowers, very full, middle-sized or small ; of a bhieish
violet; marbled.

4. Mine d' Or, or Bouquet Pourpre.
Flowerstalks, long.

Flowers, in multifloral clusters ; middle-sized or small ;
of a vivid crimson, spotted with very dark purple
on the expanse of the petals.

5. Petit Maitre.

Branches, very slender.

Flowers, small, double, of a bright purple, blueish to-
wards the edges ; the petals striped inside with a
single white line.

6. Honorine d'Esquerne.
Flowers, large, full, of a flattened shape.
Petals, pale red, marbled with purple.

7. Hundred-leaved Rose of diuteuil.
Tube of calyx, oval, pear-shaped, glandulous.
Sepals, short ; three of them having appendages.
Flowers, full, large ; deep pink, often spotted on the

petals of the circumference.

206 THE BOOK OP ROSES.

8. Charlotte of Lacliarme.
Flowers, middle-sized, double ; pale pink, spotted.
Fruit, oval-turbinated ; red, glossy, very small.

9. Charmante Isidore.
Lea/lets, dark green, narrow, undulated.

Flowers, middle-sized, very double ; lilac, spotted and
striped with deep pink or red.

10. Clementine.

Branches, unarmed, green and glossy.
Flowerstalks, glandulous.

Tube of calyx, smooth at the summit.

Sepals, glandulous, acuminated ; three bearing appen-
dages.

Flowers, full, middle-sized; flesh-coloured, sometimes
spotted ; expanding with uncertainty.

11. Herminie.

Spotted Crimson Rose.

Flowers, double, middle-sized ; of a crimson or purple
red, finely spotted.

12. Le Deuil.

The Widow Ease.

Flowers, middle-sized, very double, of a very dark violet-
purple ; the petals sometimes streaked with red-
lilac, and edged with a very narrow line of a paler
colour.

13. Eponine.

Flowers, very full, middle-sized ; of a slate-coloured red-
lilac, shaded with red.

14. Graillarde Marbree.
Noire Couronnee.

Leaflets, narrow, undulated, and often spotted with
yellow.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 207

Tube of calyx, globular, often naked at the summit.
Sepals, short, acuminated ; three bearing appendages.
Flowers, large or middle-sized, double, velvety ; of a
violet-purple, marbled with crimson.

15. Gallique Panachee.
La Villageoise.

Flowers, s^mi-double, large, variegated ; white, striped
with deep pink or cherry-colour.

16. Isabelle. (Vibert.)
Grande Jlgathe Nouvelle.

Shrub, slightly armed.
Tube of calyx, glandulous and viscous.
Flowers, full, large or middle-sized; flesh-coloured,
shaded with red.

SPOTTED PURPLE FLOWERS.

17. Grande MacuUe.
Aigle Brun Macule.

Flowers, semi-double, large ; purple, spotted.

18. Isabella, (of Calvert.)

Flowers, very full, middle-sized or small ; arched, regu-
lar, velvety ; of a red-purple, streaked with blue-
purple.

19. Josephine.

Flowers, semi-double, middle-sized, of a bright red,
spotted.

20. La Rochefoucault Liancourt.

Shrub, slightly thorny.
Stipules, large.
Leaves, pendant.

208 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

Leaflets, five, of equal size ; or seven, with the inferior
pair much smaller than the rest.

Flowers, very large, very full, regular, convex; of a
bright pink in the centre, of a light pink streaked
with pale purple at the circumference.

21. Mary Stuart.

Flowers, in erect multifloral clusters, rising above the
foliage ; numerous, full, regular, middle-sized ; light
purple, with spots at the edges. The last that ex-
pand are usually deep pink.

22. Ninon de I'JEnclos, with variegated

leaves and flowers.

Leaflets, oblong, lanceolated, very pointed; marbled

with yellow.
Flowers, very full, regular, convex ; pink, marbled with

cherry-colour.

23. Double-variegated Provins Rose.
Admirable, panachee.

Comte Foy.

Flowers, more double, more regular, more variegated.
Bearing much resemblance to the Gallica versicolor.

24. Purple-variegated Provins Rose.
Ombree Parfaite. (Vibert.)

Flowers, streaked in regular stripes of pure white on
the sides of the petals.

25. Purple Provence Marlled Rose.
Flowers, very full, middle-sized, convex ; in five or six

compartments of dark purple streaked with lilac,
red, and slate-coloured violet.
Obtained by Prevost in 1826.

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 209

26. Rose Bleue.
Slate-coloured Rose.
Bizarre Triomphant.
Violette Bronzee.

Branches, purple.

Flowers, middle-sized, double ; of a blueish slate-
coloureA purple, usually streaked with deep lilac.

27. Hose Visqueuse.
Hose Mauve.
Rose Pavot.
Mallow Rose.

Rosa Inermis Sub-albo Violacea.

Branches, glandulous and unarmed.
Flowers, semi- double, middle-sized; of a red-lilac,
streaked with blue-lilac.

28. Provins Rose, with variegated flowers

and leaves. (Vibert.)

Shrub, having its leaflets marbled with yellow.
Flowers, semi-double, middle-sized; of a light pink,
veined with lilac and red.

29. Sanguinea.

Flowers, very full, middle-sized; pink, shaded and
spotted with blood-red.

30. Talma.

Branches, of a dark purple, angular at their base.
Flowers, very full, of a blueish dark purple, shaded with
red-lilac ; the edges often pale.

31. Tetisilla.

Branches, purple at the summit; unarmed, glandulous.
Flowers, full, small or middle-sized ; of a light purple,
shaded with pale violet.

210 THE BOOK OP ROSES.

32. Ruban Dore.
Belle Alliance.
Rose Marguerite.
Rosa Tricolor.

Gallica Mexica JLurantia.

Tube of calyx, globular, thick, bulging, tightened at

the throat ; as thick as the bud.
Flowers, small, double, velvety ; purple, with a stripe

of white in the centre of each petal.

33. Triomphe d 'Europe.

Flowers, very full, middle-sized ; of a dark violet-purple,
often streaked with paler.

34. Spotted Violet.

Flowers, semi-double, middle-sized; of a dark violet,
becoming paler when expanded, usually spotted;
the first that open are seldom spotted.

35. La Maculee.

Branches, slender, armed with strong thorns, of which

the largest are scythe-shaped.
Flowers, semi-double or double, large or middle-sized ;

of a bright red-purple, spotted.

This variety, though not beautiful, should be cul-
tivated by those who propagate roses from seed, as
its seeds are apt to produce spotted or streaked sub-
varieties. It is, in fact, the parent of almost all the
sub-varieties enumerated in this section.

36. Toutain.

Branches, very thorny.

Flowerstalks, glandulous, triangular, in erect clusters.

Sepals, three of them pinnatifid.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 211

Tube of calyx, oval, glandulous, strangled at the

summit.

Flowers, semi-double, middle-sized ; of a slate-coloured
lilac, spotted with red-lilac.

37. Natalie Pronville.

Flowers, large, semi-double ; pink, punctuated.

38. Laodicea.

Flowers, very large, double, pretty regular ; pale pink,
spotted with deeper pink.

39. Georgina Mars.

Flowers, small, very pretty ; of a light brilliant pink ;
very double, the petals well arranged, striped with
white lines.

40. La Changeante.

Flowers, large, very double; red, often spotted with
white.

41. Salamon.

Flowers, large, double; of a pale pink spotted with
white ; very pretty.

42. Archbishop of Mechlin.

Flowers, very double, large, regular, very handsome ;
of a deep pink, veined with red.

Obtained at Brussels, 1825.

B. — FLOWERS DARKER IN THE CENTRE THAN AT THE
CIRCUMFERENCE, OR OF TWO DECIDED SHADES.

1. Bazaris.

Branches, nearly thornless.

Flowers, middle-sized or small,-very full ; of a pale pink,
with edges nearly white.

212 THE BOOK OP ROSES.

2. Belle Aurore.
Branches, angular at their base.

Flowers, middle-sized, very full ; pale pink, edged with
a lilac-tinged flesh-colour.

3. Desbrosses.
Shrub, vigorous.

Stems, upright, almost thornless; young branches

bristly.
Leaflets, five or seven ; large, oblong, rather undulated,

regularly and deeply toothed ; dark green.
Flowers, not numerous, very double, middle-sized, well

formed and convex ; pink in the centre, pale pink

sometimes veined at the circumference ; growing

in clusters.
Petals, elegantly disposed, often cordiform.

4. Belle de Fontenay.

Flowers, regular, full, middle-sized ; of a cherry-colour-
ed pink, brilliant, the edges almost white. When
the centre is red, the edges are pink.

5. Beaute Riante.

Flowers, small or middle-sized, very full, regular, convex,
of a deep pink, with pale edges.

6. Belle Herminie.

Branches, unarmed, glandulous, of a purple-brown.
Flowers, full, middle-sized; of a lilac flesh-colour, with
paler edges.

7. Cornelie.

Flowers, full, middle-sized, convex ; of a bright pink,
with lilac edges.

8. Ancien Diademe de Flore.
Branches, thick, unarmed, glandulous.

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 213

Tube of calyx, short, top-shaped.

Flowers, full, large or middle-sized, regular; of a lilac-
pink with pale edges.

9. Alix; Diademe de Flare.
Branches, almost unarmed, thick, glandulous.
Flowers, resembling the old Diadem of Flora, but
larger. s

10. Eucharis.
Branches, unarmed and glandulous.

Tube of calyx, short, turbinated, often obliterated.
Flowerstalks, Tube of calyx, and Sepals, bearing brown

glands, viscous and fragrant.
Flowers, large, full, regular ; of a light pink, with paler

edges.

1 1 . Fanny Bias.
Duchesse de Heggw.

Flowers, regular, large, full; flesh-coloured or pale
pink, white at the edges.

12. General Desaix.
Branches, very thorny.

Flowers, full, middle-sized ; of a deep pink in the centre,
pale at the edges.

1 3. Nouveau Grand Monarque.

Branches, covered with pedicellated glands.

Thorns, wanting at the summit ; stipulary in the mid-
dle; scattered and crooked at the base of the
branches.

Flowers, full, very regular, middle-sized; bright pink,
pale at the edges.

14. Jeanne D'Albret.

Flowers, large, double ; deep pink, with pale edges.

214 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

15. Leontine.

Shrub, having numerous thorns.

Flowers, full, large; pink in the centre, paler at the
edges.

16. Mademoiselle.

Branches, and Flowerstalks, spotted with brown.
Flowers, full, middle-sized ; flesh-coloured, with white
edges.

17. Josephine.
L'Aimable de Storrs.
Ninon de rEnclos.
Hybrida Nova.

Leaflets, oblong, lanceolated, very pointed.
Flowers, very full, middle-sized, regular, convex ; of a
deep pink, growing paler towards the edges.

18. Octavie. (Coquerel.)

Flowers, large or middle-sized, full; light pink, pale
edges.

19. Octavie. (Vibert.)

Flowers, small or middle-sized, very full, convex, re-
gular ; deep pink, pale at the edges.

20. Petronille.

Flowers, very full, large ; deep pink in the centre, pale
at the edges.

21. Princess Charlotte.

Flowers, very Ml, of a vivid pink in the centre, pale at
the edges.

22. Quesne.

Flowers, very full, middle-sized, convex, very regular ;
deep pink in the centre, pale at the edges.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 215

23. Roi des Roses.
King of Roses.

Leaflets, large and near together.

Flower-buds, red.

Flowers, large or middle-sized, full, convex ; deep pink

in the centre and pale on the edges ; or a light

pink spotted with red.
*

24. Triumph of Flora.

Branches, unarmed, thick, glandulous ; usually purple

at the summit.
Flowers, middle-sized, very full, regular; pink, with

paler edges.

25. Van-Dael.

Flowers, large, full; lilac or deep pink, with pale
edges.

26. Corinna.

Shrub, armed with straight strong thorns ; uneven and

mingled with bristles.
Leaves, very near together.

Leaflets, five or seven ; veined, undulated, and curled.
Tube of calyx, ob-conical, covered with glandulous

hristles.

Sepals, reflexed, foliaceous, pinnatifid.
Flowers, full, small, convex; light pink, with white

27. Rose with yellow-nerved Leaves.
Shrub, vigorous.

Leaflets, usually veined and marbled with yellow.
Sepals, three of them pinnatifid, with large lanceolated

appendages.
Flowers, full, middle-sized, regular, fragrant ; of a clear

bright pink, with whitish edges.

216 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

28. Zoe.

Flowers, very double, large; a brilliant pink in the
centre, the petals pale at the edges.

29. Lasmedon.

Flowers, full, large ; of a lilac-pink in the centre, almost
white at the circumference.

30. Malvina.

Shrub, vigorous.

Branches, divergent.

Thorns, uneven, chiefly long, purple, enlarged at the
base.

Leaflets, dark green, five or seven ; some oblong, some
oval, irregularly toothed.

Flowers, numerous, united to the number of three or
four on the same footstalk ; large and well formed,
very double, middle-sized, cup-shaped and resem-
bling a China rose, but rising into a convex shape ;
of a pale pink, mixed with white at the circum-
ference.

Petals, close together; curled, irregularly sloped at
the summit.

31. General Foy.

Shrub, vigorous.

Branches, straight, almost thornless ; furnished with

short, harsh, black bristles.
Leaflets, five or seven; simply toothed, some oblong,

some oval.
Flowers, very large, full, well formed, flat, in clusters ;

of a deep purplish red in the centre, lighter at the

edge.
Petals, irregularly cut at the summit, close set and well

arranged in the centre of the flower.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 217

34. President de Seze.

Shrub, vigorous.

Branches, straight.

Thorns, not much curved, numerous.

Lea/lets, five in number ; lanceolated or oblong, regu-
larly toothed, pale green.

Flowers, of a lilac-pink in the centre, paler at the cir-
cumfef ence ; very double, numerous, well formed ;
first cup-shaped, afterwards convex, growing in
clusters.

Petals, well arranged at the edges, rumpled in the
centre.

RED FLOWERS.

1. Aricie.

Flowers, full, large or middle-sized, regular ; red, the
edges of a slate-coloured lilac.

2. Bizarre Flammee.
Flowers, middle-sized.

Petals, bright red at the base, becoming pale violet at

the summit.
Obtained hi Flanders, 1822.

3. Belle Mode.

Flowers, middle-sized, in form of a cockade; red-pur-
ple in the centre, violet at the circumference.

4. Merveille de I Univers.

Flowers, large, very double; carmine in the centre.

lilac at the edge of the petals.
Obtained in Belgium.

5. Roi de Perse.

Flowers, beautiful ; middle-sized, very double ; of a fine

red, edged with purple.
Obtained in Belgium.

218 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

6. Casimir P crier.
Shrub, almost unarmed.
Flowerstalks, thick, straight, glandulous.

Tube of calyx, short, turbinated or pear-shaped; smooth
at the summit.

Flowers, full, large.

Petals, thick, pale on the under surface, of a deep cherry-
colour in the centre, blueish pink at the edges.

7. Loisiel.

Flowers, regular, full, large, of a deep red, with pale
edges.

8. Sevigne.

Flowers, full, middle-sized, of a deep red with pale
edges, which become red in dry hot weather.

PURPLE AND VIOLET-COLOURED.

1. Seigneur d' Hartzelaard.

Shrub, armed with numerous thin brown thorns.
Tube of calyx, and Flowerstalks, covered with red

glands.
Sepals, short.
Flowers, middle-sized, full, convex, regular ; of a deep

purple, the centre red.

2. Regia Purpurea.

Flowers, very double, middle-sized ; of a dark purple-
crimson in the centre.

3. Pourpre de la Heine.

Shrub, vigorous, very thorny ; not flowering till several

years after grafting.
Flowers, double, large, velvety, purple ; the centre a

vivid crimson.

This fine rose will not bear exposure to the sun.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 219

4. Proserpine Nouvelle.

Flowers, very double, middle-sized ; of a dark intense
purple, the centre lighter and brighter.

5. Perle de V Orient.
La Mqjestueuse.
Carmin Lisere.

Flowers, clpuble or semi-double ; middle-sized, regular ;
of a red-purple, the edges shaded with violet.

6. Neala.

Flowers, full, middle-sized, very regular, hemispheri-
cal ; of a violet-purple or claret-colour, with pale
edges.

7. Mauget.

Flowers, very full, small, convex ; purple, with paler
edges.

8. Lord Wellington.
Flower-buds, round.

Flowers, middle-sized, full ; claret-coloured, with paler
edges.

9. Kardiskdki.

Shrub, armed with feeble thorns, scattered and mingled
with glands and bristles.

Leaflets, not glossy, rather hairy underneath.

Tube of calyx, small, glandulous.

Flowers, full, middle-sized, convex, regular ; of a red-
purple, or dark purple, with pale edges.

10. Lady Jane Grey.
Jlgathe Ombree.
digathe Magnifique.

Flowers, very full, middle-sized ; of a violet-pink, shaded
at the edge with dark purple.

L 2

220 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

11. La Flaniboyante.

Flowers, double, small, or middle-sized ; of a dark blue-
ish purple, bright crimson in the centre.

12. Rose Lincelle.

Flowers, middle-sized, very double ; of a fine violet in
the centre, reddish towards the edges.

13. OtaJieitan Rose.

Flowers, full, very large, of a fine form ; velvety pur-
ple at the circumference, bright crimson in the
centre.

C. — PINK OR FLESH-COLOURED FLOWERS.
1. */Ldonis.

Buds, tinged with red.

Flowers, full, regular, middle-sized ; of a light pink.

2. Gallica T^ermillon.
Shrub, diminutive in all its proportions.

Flowers, the size of a shilling, very double, pale pink.

Obtained at Angers in 1823.

3. Verte Blanche.

Flowers, large, very -double, very beautiful, of a pale

pink, inclining to greenish white.
Branches, of a beautiful green, as well as the foliage,

which is rather glossy.

4. Leonidas.

Flowers, as large and of the same form as the Pseony
rose, but of a brighter colour.

5. Rose Serne.
Foliage, very much toothed.

Flowers, large ; of a fine pink, having in the centre a
crown formed by the stamens.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. '221

6. Scmonville, double.
Flowers, superb, large ; of a copperish red.

7. Jlglae de Marsilly.

Shrub, armed with a few long rather crooked thorns,

near the stipules.

Branches, covered with glandulous bristles.
Flowers, Very full, middle-sized, convex ; of a light

pink.

8. Antigone.

Flowers, full, middle-sized, regular ; flesh-coloured or
pale pink.

9. JLthendis.

Flowers, large, or middle-sized, full ; of a light pink.

10. Azema.

Flowers, full, middle-sized, convex ; pale pink.

11. La Dominante.

Flowers, large, of a fine form, full ; pale pink.
Petals, reflexed.

12. Provins Rose, with convex flowers.
Flowerstalks, long and bifloral.

Flowers, very double, large.

Petals, very large, rounded at the circumference ; pink.

13. Belle de Trianon.

Flowers, very double, middle-sized, regular ; pale pink
or flesh-colour, becoming almost white.

14. Belle Florentine.
Branches, unarmed, rather glandulous.
Buds, very small.

Flowers, full, large ; pale pink.

222 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

15. Belle Junon.
Branches, rod-like.

Flowers, very regular, full, middle-sized; of a light
pure pink.

16. Bo'ieldieu.

Shrub, armed with small bristly thorns.
Flowerstalks, long, straight, glandulous.
^Sepals, acuminated ; three of them having appendages.
Flowers, large, numerous, regular, full ; light bright pink.

17. Celestine.

Flowerstalks, veiy long, erect, three-stalked.
Flowers, large or middle-sized, of a light or pale pink.

18. Archduke Charles.
CUmence Isaure.
Belle Helene.
dLimable Emma,
jlimdble Sophie.

Shrub, having green bark, with brown thorns.

Tube of calyx, short.

Sepals, foliaceous,. sometimes to the number of six ; of

which three are pinnatifid.

Flowers, semi-double or double ; of a light pink, the
edges almost white.

19. Clotilda.

Leaflets, glossy on the upper surface.
Flowers, middle-sized, full, regular ; pale pink.

20. Count Foy.

Branches, almost unarmed, glandulous, as well as the
Flowerstalks, which are thick.
Tube of calyx, short.

Flowers, very large, full, rather fragrant; of a lignt or
pale pink.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 223

21. Crown of Ariadne.

Flowers, large or middle-sized, full ; flesh-coloured.

22. Duchesse de Berri.

Flowers, very large, convex, regular, double or semi-
double ; of a light pink.

23. Duchess of Oldenburg.
Floicers^ full, large ; pale pink.

24. Fleur de Pommier.

Flowers, full, regular, middle-sized; a pale uniform pink.

25. Fouche.

Branches, unarmed.
Flowerstalks, glandulous.
Flowers, large, full ; pale pink.

26. Galatea.

Flowers, middle-sized, full, regular ; pale pink.

27. Louis XVIII.

Gallica Maxima Gigantea.
Flowers, almost full, very large ; of a light or pale pink.

28. Anne Boleyn.
Shrub, two feet high.

Thorns, numerous, straight, unequal.

Leafstalks, long.

Leaflets, distant, finely toothed.

Buds, pointed and long.

Flowers, solitary or in pairs, three inches wide ; slightly
concave, having in the centre a bud of pale green a
quarter of an inch long, formed of abortive ovaries.

Petals, a delicate pink ; those of the centre short and
rather curled ; those of the circumference large.

29. Unique of Brussels.

Flowers, pretty, well formed, very double, middle-sized;
of a delicate pink, edged with red.

224 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

30. Cocarde Roy ale.
Grand Monarque.

Flowers, full, large ; pale pink.

31. Grande Souveraine.

Shrub, having frequently (particularly when grafted)

two small leaflets at the foot of the final leaflet.
Flowers, semi-double or double, large ; pale pink.

32. LEnchanteresse.
Grande Henriette.

Flowers, full, large ; of a light brilliant pink, fading
to pale after expansion.

33. Celeste.
Grand Turban.
Grand Sultan.

Foliage, of a light green.

Flowers, very large, full ; pale pink or flesh-colour.

34. jlimable Hor tense.
Hortense.

Shrub, yielding few suckers, but abundance of flowers.
Flowers, full, middle-sized, regular ; of a pale pink or
flesh-colour.

35. L 'Incomparable de Lille.
Branches, purple.

Tube of calyx, short and glandulous.

Sepals, long and leafy ; three being edged with appen-
dages, oval, spatulated, and toothed.

Flowers, large or middle-sized, regular, full; flesh-
colour or pale pink.

Buds, red.

36. Louis XIV.

Flowers, full, large, of a fine light pink.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 225

37. Marie Josephine.

Branches, slightly thorny ; purple at the summit.

Leaflets, smooth, curled, oblong-lanceolated.

Flowerstalks, red, very long, rod-like.

Tube of calyx, small ; red on one side.

Buds, round and marbled.

Flowers, middle-sized or small, full, regular, numerous ;

of a delicate uniform flesh-colour.
..

38. Marquis de la Romana.

Shrub, slightly thorny.

Flowers, small or middle-sized, regular, full ; pink.

39. Pamela.

Flowers, full, middle-sized ; pale pink.

40. Ornement de Carafe.
Ornement de Parade.

Flowers, regular, full, middle-sized ; light pink, some-
times dark.

41. Nem Elm-leafed Hose. (Vibert).
Leaflets, with numerous, parallel, prominent nerves,

the edges deeply toothed ; curled and undulated.
Flowers, large or middle-sized, convex ; light pink.

42. Nouveau Triomphe.
Roi de Rome.
Gloria Mundi.
Niobe.

Don de FAmitie.
Eugenie.
Galatee.

UAimdble Beaute.
Daphne.

Flowers, full, middle-sized, convex ; of a light pink.

L 3

226 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

43. Pompon d'Elisa.

Flowers, full, very small, convex, regular ; light pink.

44. Rigoulot's Rose.
Shrub, vigorous, stems erect.

Thorns, not numerous, fine, uneven ; dark brown.

Leafstalks, thorny, glandulous.

Leaflets, five or seven ; furrowed, irregularly toothed,

the teeth themselves being denticulated ; of a dark

green on the upper surface, whitish on the under.
Flowers, very large, numerous, full, beautifully formed ;

of a pale pink, three or four together on each branch.
Petals, rolled like a ring towards the centre, rumpled

and plaited in the interior ; irregularly cut at the

summit.
Flowerstalks, and Calyx, hispid.

45. Lyre of Flora.
Panachee Superbe.
Phoenix.

Flowers, full, small, very regular ; of a' deep pink ; very
early, being the first-blowing of the Provins roses.

46. Pharcrwus.

Flowers, large or middle-sized ; full, regular ; pink.

47. Belle Mignonne.
Petite Louise.

Flowers, double, small, regular ; pale pink ; the inner
petals often striped with white.

48. La Noble Fleur.
Leander.
Pelletier's Rose.

Shrub, producing numerous early flowers.
Flowers, full, middle-sized, regular ; pale pink.

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 227

49. Paulina.

Flowers, regular, full, middle-sized ; of a fine uniform
pink.

50. Beauty of Storrs.
Purple Favourite.

Flowers, middle-sized or small ; full, regular ; of a uni-
form light pink.

51* Princess of Salms.
Leaflets, large.

Flowers, full, middle-sized; of a light bright pink,
sometimes pale.

52. Provence a Fleur Comprimee.
Tube of calyx, globular or hemispherical.

Flowers, very full, middle-sized, very convex; flesh-
colour, almost white.

53. Psyche.
Branches, erect, vigorous.

Flowers, middle-sized, regular ; flesh-coloured or pale
pink.

54. Pink Ranunculus.
Flowers, regular, full, small ; light pink.

55. Roi de Rome.
Enfant de France.

Flowers, middle-sized or small, full, convex, very regu-
lar ; of a bright uniform light pink.

56. Rose Aimee.
Buds, red.

Flowers, large or middle-sized, very double ; light pink.

57. Rose du Roi des Hollandais.

Flowers, middle-sized, full, regular ; of a light uniform
pink, becoming pale lilac-pink when expanded.

228 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

58. Rosetta.
Leaflets, dark green, concave.

Flowers, large or middle-sized, in multifloral clusters ;
full, light pink.

59. Delight of Flanders.

Flowers, large, of a beautiful flesh-colour ; having only
thirty or ' forty petals, but so disposed as to give
the flower the appearance of being full.

60. L' Enchant ee.

Flowers, very large, full ; of a fine flesh-colour.

61. Rose Scris.
Flowers, full, large, pale pink.

62. La Somptueuse.

Flowers, regular, full, large ; of a light clear pink.

63. Rose Ypsilanti.

Flowers, full, large, regular, convex ; of a light pink.

64. Beaute Surprenante.
Shrub, feebly armed.

Leaflets, glaucous.

Tube of calyx, globular, having red glands at the base,
as well as the peduncle.

Sepals, slightly foliaceous, three of them having appen-
dages.

Flowers, full, middle-sized; flesh-coloured, almost
white.

65. Belle Theophile.
Shrub, very thorny.

Tube of calyx, naked at the summit, oval, pear-shaped.
Flowers, full, middle-sized; flesh-coloured, in small
paucifloral clusters.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 229

66. Blanche of Castille.
Shrub, very thorny.
Flowerstalks, short.

Sepals, three of them pinnatifid.

Flowers, full, middle-sized, regular; flesh-coloured or
pale pink.

67. OJiarles Augustus.
Shrub, having numerous thorns.
Lea/lets, sessile, five in number.

Tube of calyx, glandulous ; oval, pear-shaped, or turbi-

nated.
Flowers, large, full ; pale pink in expanding, afterwards

flesh-coloured.

68. Pericles.

Shrub, armed with bristly thorns.

Leaflets, five or seven ; ovoi'd, oblong, glandulous and

pubescent under the nerves ; deeply and sharply

toothed.
Flowers, full, middle-sized ; pale pink or flesh-colour.

This sub-variety is often classed among China roses.

69. Fidelia.

Foliage, curly like the Agathes.

Tube of calyx, short, covered with fragrant glands.

Flowers, full, middle-sized ; light pink.

70. Pear-fruited Rose.
Shrub, vigorous, spreading.
Leafstalks, glandulous.

Lea/lets, sessile, pale and pubescent underneath.
Flowerstalks, erect.

Tube of calyx, tightened at the summit.
Flowers, large, semi-double or double ; of a beautiful
pink, shot with lighter pink.

230 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

71. Eliza Descemet.
Foliage, of a glaucous green.
Stipules, very large.

Flowers, double, large ; of a very light brilliant pink,
or flesh-coloured.

72. Labbey de Pompier es.

Flowers, large, full, very regular, convex, fragrant ; of
a light brilliant uniform pink.

FLOWERS OF A DARK-RED TINT.

1. Or nement des Rouges,
jlbatucci.

Shrub, producing a splendid effect from the abundance
of its large, double, red-purple flowers ; sometimes
expanding of a light uniform red, and always
favourably.

2. Athalle.

Flowers, double, large, regular ; of a vivid deep pink,
or light red.

3. Salomon.

Duchess of Cornwall.

Flowers, large or middle-sized, full ; expanding of a
deep red, inclining to claret-colour, and becoming
lilac-pink.

4. Gloria Florum.

Flowers, large, double; deep pink, red, or bright purple.

5. Manette.

Flowers, full, middle-sized, regular ; of a deep pink or
red, the edges often pale.

6. La Princesse.

Flowers, middle-sized, regular, full ; bright deep pink,
or light red.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 231

7. Gassendi.

Flowers, superb, four or five inches in diameter ; very
double, well formed ; deep pink.

8. Jenny de Lacharme.
Branches, spreading horizontally.

Thorns, scattered ; fine and reddish when young.

Lea/lets, distant, oval, simply toothed, pale green.

-F/oM?e/%$,%iiddle-sized, numerous, beautiful ; very dou-
ble, perfectly formed, flat, well rounded ; of a fine
pink ; growing in clusters.

Petals, glossy, plaited, and arranged with perfect sym-
metry in the interior, rolled into small crowns in
the centre, finely tapered at the summit.
This flower is one of the most beautiful of the Pro-

vins roses.

FLOWERS OF A DEEP OR PURPLISH PINK.

1. Henri IV.
Duke of Orleans.
Adele Heu.

Flowers, double, large ; vivid purple or light red.

2. Jlndromaque.
L' Jlmoureuse .

Flowers, double, large ; bright red.
Petals, regularly sloped.

3. Amphitrite.
Flowers, full, large ; cherry-colour.

4. Belgica Rubra.
Vitex Spinosa.

Leaflets, dark green, often variegated with yellow ; un-
dulated on the edges.
Flowers, large, semi-double; of a brilliant vivid pink.

232 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

5. Venus Mere.
Bouquet Superbe.
Bouquet Charmant.

Flowers, large or middle-sized; double, regular; of a
brilliant pink.

6. Capricorn.

Flowers, very full, regular, convex, small or middle-
sized ; bright pink.

7. La Majestueuse.
La Cocarde.
Lucrcce.

Branches, erect, smooth, glossy in some parts.
Flowers, double, middle-sized, regular, convex : bright
pink, paler at the edges.

8. Cocarde Rouge.
Grandeur Triomphante.

Flowers, double, very large ; bright light pink.
Fruit, globular, very large.

9. La Delicieuse.

Shrub, vigorous ; the foliage glaucous or greyish.
Flowers, numerous, large or middle-sized ; of a uniform
very light pink.

10. Deshoulicres.

Flowers, double, middle-sized ; cherry-coloured.

11. Dorothee.

Victory of Braganza.

Flowers, early, numerous, middle-sized ; very regular,
double, convex ; cherry-coloured or light red.

12. Louis XIV.

Flowers, large, beautiful, well formed, very double ; of
a very fine vivid pink.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 233

13. Desfontaines.

Flowers, middle-sized, well-shaped, almost double ;
bright carmine.

14. Colette.

Flowers, united in bouquets of three ; middle-sized, very
double ; of a velvety bright carmine.

15. Eugene Maille.

Branches, very thorny, the largest thorns scythe-
shaped.
Flowers, full, very large ; bright pink.

16. Euphrosine.

Leaflets, sharply and finely toothed.

Flowerstalk, Tube of calyx, and Sepals, glandulous and

viscous.
Flowers, double or semi-double, of a vivid uniform

pink ; the external petals often spotted.

17. Ex Albo Violacea.

Flowers, semi-double, very large ; of a lilac-pink, very
vivid.

18. Les Mages.
Rose de Gentil.

Branches, very long and vertical.

Leaves, distant ; the last pair of leaflets remote from

the base of the leafstalk.
Flowers, middle-sized, very full, convex j of a dark

brilliant pink.

19. Constantine.
Idolise.

Leaves, bulging, very pale underneath, with divergent

toothing or undulation.
Flowers, very full, middle-sized, regular ; of a bright

deep pink.

234 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

20. Josephine Maille.
Branches, bristly.

Thorns, rare.

Flowers, full, large ; bright pink.

21. Junon.
Belle Junon.

Flowers, small or middle-sized, numerous, regular,
double ; of a bright pink.

22. Full-flowering Juno.

Shrub, very thorny.

Flowerstalks, long, in clusters.

Flowers, middle-sized, numerous, full or very double,

regular ; of a bright deep pink, with unguicular

petals.

23. The Lee Rose.

Branches, slender.

Flowers, full, large, regular ; of a uniform light pink,
bearing exposure to the sun.

24. Rouge Admirable.
La Magnifique.
Pourpre Charmant.
Grand Pompadour.
Regulus.

Flowers, semi-double, large, velvety ; of a vivid purple.

25. Magnifique, with cherry -coloured blossoms.
Branches, almost unarmed.

Flowers, semi-double, very large ; of a cherry-colour or
light purple, very vivid.

26. Princess of Portugal.
Flowers, full, very large ; of a bright cherry-colour.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 235

27. Provins Flame-coloured Rose.
Flowers, semi-double, very large ; of a brilliant flame-
colour, turning to bright cherry-red.

Petals, pale underneath.

28. Empereur Couronne.
Itoi Couronne.
fouronne Royale.
Madame Roland.

Shrub, small, having erect branches.
Thorns, numerous, small, brown, and acicular.
Leaves, distant, composed of five leaflets.
Leaflets, large, oval, of a light green.
Flowers, full, middle-sized, regular, convex ; of a vivid
light purple, sometimes tinged with blue.

29. Rose Brillante.
Flowers, full, large, bright pink.

30. Tkeagene.
La Pucelle.

Flowers, regular, large or middle-sized, full ; of a bright
lilac -pink.

31. Phaloe.
Trwmphe Royal.

Shrub, having bristly thorns.

Flowers, large or middle-sized ; very full, regular, con-
vex; of a lilac-pink.

32. The tricolor.
Branches, unarmed.

Flowers, double or full, large, regular ; of a purple-
pink, turning to lilac.

33. Valentine.
Porcelaine Royale.

Flowers, full, middle-sized or small, regular ; of a
deep vivid pink, often spotted.

236 THE BOOK OP ROSES.

34. Veturia.

Shrub, very double, large ; of a deep pink or light red.

35. Sylverie.

Shrub, armed with thin straight thorns.

Sepals, short.

Tube of calyx, glandulous.

Flowers, large or middle-sized, full ; of a bright pink.

D. — RED FLOWERS.

1. Rose Delille.

Cordon Bleu de Baltel.
Grande Bichonne.
Baronne de Stael.

Flowers, full, large, or middle-sized, regular, convex ;
of a light red, or deep vivid pink.

2. *4ime Roman.

Flowers, very full, middle-sized ; red, or light purple.

3. Carmosina.

Flowers, very double, middle-sized ; red.

4. Rose Grandidier.

Flowers, very double, well formed, large ; of a fine red.

5. Beaute Tendre, cramoisi.

Flowers, superb, well shaped, very double, large ; of a
vivid red.

6. Full Hervey Rose.

Shrub, very vigorous, with strong, crooked, uneven

thorns ; of a dark brown colour.
Leaflets, seven in number ; regularly toothed.
Flowers, very full, large, numerous, well formed.
Petals of the centre rolled up ; of a bright claret ; those

of the circumference sloped at the summit, more

dingy ; all regularly disposed.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 237

8. Catherine of Medicis.

Flowers, large, very double, red, often proliferous ; of a
singular form.

9. Aphrodite.
Shrub, rather low.

Branches, numerous ; very slightly armed.

Lea/lets, fiv^ ; pretty close together, rounded, not deeply

toothed.
Flowers, of a fine red, clouded with violet ; in bouquets

of three.
Petals, a little fringed.

10. Dositee.

Shrub, four or five feet high ; very vigorous.
Branches, spreading, with crooked reddish thorns.
Leaflets, five ; very distant ; long, rumpled.
Flowers, of middle size ; of a deep red, with marbled
petals.

11. Cire d'Espagne.

Flowers, full, middle-sized ; the colour of red sealing-
wax.

12. Mo'ise.

Flowers, full, large ; of a superb flame-coloured red.

13. Lady Morgan.
Shrub, very vigorous.

Branches, numerous, armed with brown thorns, straight

and uneven.
Lea/lets, five in number, large, rounded, deeply toothed;

of a pale green.

Flowerstalks, long, furnished with small black bristles.
Flowers, large, very full ; of a brilliant red, well formed,

in clusters.
Petals, those of the circumference large ; those of the

centre small and symmetrically arranged.

238 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

14. Reine de Prusse.

Flowers, double, middle-sized ; of a vivid red.

Obtained at Cambray, 1824.

15. Cocarde Jacobea.

Flowers, semi-double, large, very beautiful ; red, having
in the centre a crown formed of the stamens.

Obtained in Belgium, 1824.

Mien ne me Sur passe.

Flowers, very large, well formed; of a bright red,
superb.

17. Jlrcliidamia.

Flowers, large, very double, well formed ; of a vivid
red.

18. Mithridates.
Branches, red at the extremity.

Flowers, large, double, well formed, superb ; of a bril-
liant red.

1 9. Chancellor of England.
Flowers, full, middle-sized ; bright red.

20. Feu Brillant.

Flowers, large, semi-double, hemispherical ; of a vivid
permanent flame-colour.

Petals, the five external ones very large ; wide, con-
cave, and much sloped.

21. Violet Brillant.
Rouge Formidable.
Grand Conde.

Shrub, very thorny.

Leaflets, curved and pendant.

Flowers, double, middle-sized ; of a vivid red-purple.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 239

22. Croix d'Honneur.
Flowers, small, full ; of a vivid red.

23. Grand Papa.

Flowers, large or middle-sized, very double ; velvety or
vivid purple.

24. Gros Major.

Flowers, large or middle-sized, very full ; vivid red.

25. Herveij.

Branches, slender, with crooked thorns.

Lea/lets, of a very dark green.

Flowers, double, large ; red, saucer-shaped.

26. Manteau Royal.

Flowers, double, middle-sized ; of a vivid velvety crim-
son, flame-coloured in the centre ; or bright car-
mine, not velvety.

27. Clara.

Maximus of Holland.
lowerstalks, long and erect.

Flowers, double, middle-sized, regular ; of a bright
lilac-pink.

28. Monsieur.
Cramoisi des Alpes.
Grand Corneille.

Flowerstalks, long.

Flowers, middle-sized, f ull ; of a bright red-purple.

29. Orphee.

Flowers, double, large, or middle-sized, regular, convex,
velvety, of a vivid red-purple, crimson in the centre.

30. Othello.

Flowers, middle-sized, very double, usually fragrant ;
of a bright purplish crimson.

240 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

31. Pierre Corneille.
Flower stalks, thick and long.

Flowers, large, three or four inches in diameter ; regu-
lar, very double, hemispherical, of a light purple-
red, uniform, and of a peculiar tint.

32. Pourpre de Corinthe.
Leaves, undulated, of a dark glossy green.

Flowers, almost full, middle-sized, regular ; of a vivid
red-purple.

33. Pourpre Triomphant.

Flowers, full, middle-sized, regular ; of a bright red-
purple.

34. Red Ranunculus.
Rose Renoncule.

Flowers, small, regular, very full ; of a vivid uniform
red.

35. Rouge Eblouissant.

Flowers, very double, middle-sized, regular ; of a uni-
form red, or purplish vivid red.

36. Rouge Brillant.
Rising Sun.

Branches, unarmed.

Flowers, very double, middle-sized ; of a light reddish
purple, vivid and showy.

37. Thouin.

Branches, almost thornless.

Tube of calyx, smooth at the summit.

Flowers, almost full, large ; of a vivid light red.

38. Tout Aimable.

Enfant de France, nouveau.
Flowers, full, small, red.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 241

39. Benyowski.
Branches, of a violet purple, covered with long crooked

thorns.
Flowers, full, middle-sized, red or purple ; sometimes

pink punctuated on the exterior petals.

E. — LILAC FLOWERS.

I. Anemone Ancienne.
Rose Anemone.
Ornement de la Nature.
Flowers, regular, small, double, saucer-shaped; of a

pale red-lilac.
Suckers, flat.

2. La Glorieuse.
Belle de Hesse.
Singleton.

La Predestinee.
Illustre.

La Triomphante.

Flowers, full, middle-sized ; lilac-pink, sometimes shaded
•with light purple.

3. Belle de Monza.

Thorns, crooked, scattered, red, as well as the bristles.
Lea/lets, glossy, of a dark green.
Tube of calyx, smooth and short.

Flowers, large or middle-sized, full, regular, convex;
of a lilac pale pink.

4. Belle sans Flatterw.
Leaflets, undulated, concave.

Flowers, full, middle-sized; of a pale pinkish lilac.

5. Bracelet d' Amour.

Flowers, very full, middle-sized, regular, convex ; lilac-
pink, with paler edges.

M

242 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

6. La Convendble.

Shrub, very thorny.

Flowers, full, middle-sized ; of a deep lilac-pink.

7. Didon.
Parfaite Agaihe.
Descemet.

Flowers, middle-sized, full, regular; of a light lilac-
pink, with paler edges.
Petals, of the circumference, reflexed.

8. Duke of Bourdeaux.
Shrub, armed with crooked thorns.

Flowers, full, large, regular ; of a light uniform lilac-
pink.

9. Jlmiral de Itigny.
Shrub, of vigorous vegetation.
Stems, three or four feet high.
Branches, slightly thorny.
Leaflets, five ; oval, dark green.
Flowerstalks, very long, often unifloral.
Flowers, very double, of a lilac-white.

A very curious variety.

10. Senat Romain.
Due de Guiclie.

Branches, thick and stiff.
Leaflets, oblong, very pointed.

Flowers, full, very large ; of a lilac-pink, inclining to
a slaty red.

1 1 . Emperor of Russia.

Flowers, large or middle-sized, full ; of a lilac-pink }
sometimes slaty red.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 243

12. Eugene.

Tube of calyx, glandulous, slightly tightened at the

summit.

Sepals, long ; three of them bearing linear appendages.
Flowers, full, middle-sized, hemispherical ; of a light

lilac-pink.
This flower is very pretty, but not lasting.

13. Grand Clovis.
Aldegonde.
Ganganelli.

Shrub, almost unarmed.

Flowers, full, middle-sized, regular, lilac-pink.

14. Grandesse Roy ale.
Rose Pivoine.
Grandeur Royal.
Passe Princesse.

Flowers, full, very large ; of a light lilac-pink.

15. Louis XII.

Flowers, full, middle-sized, convex, regular ; of a light
lilac-pink, sometimes vivid.

16. Uniflore.
La Victoire.
La Gloire.

Branches, of a violet-purple.
Flowerstalks, the same, very long.
Flowers, fall, middle-sized ; pale lilac.

17. Lavalette.

Shrub, armed with red thorns, interspersed with bristles
of the same colour.

Leaflets, five in number; large, sloped at the base,
pubescent underneath.

Flowers, full, middle-sized, regular, very double, lilac-
pink. M 2

244 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

DARK LILAC FLOWERS.

1 . Rose Diibourg.

Flowers, superb, very double ; of a lilac-violet.

2. Andis.

Flowers, full, middle-sized ; hemispherical ; of a dark
lilac, often veined.

3. Belle Ninon.

Flowers, full, middle-sized, hemispherical ; dark lilac,
with lighter edges.

4. Cordon Bleu.
Pleine Lune.
Full Moon Rose.

Flowers, large or middle-sized, full, of a lilac slate-
coloured pink, more or less blue.

F. — PURPLE FLOWERS.

LIGHT PURPLE.

1. Anacreon.

Flowers, large or middle-sized, very double, convex ;
of a light purple inclining to claret, or deep red
with pale edges.

2. Feu Turc.

Flowers, well formed, middle-sized; flame-coloured,
inclining to purple.

3. Ildefonso.

Shrub, vigorous, about three feet high.

Branches, numerous, armed with many glandulous

short thorns.

Leaflets, five ; long, distant, half-closed, of a fine green.
Fiowerstalks, very long, often unifloral.
Flowers, superb ; of a violet-pink, very large, very full.

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 245

4. Cora.

Shrub, small, with straight branches.

Thorns, scattered, fine, rather bent, interspersed with
small bristles.

Leafstalks, glandulous.

Leaflets, three or five in number ; oval or lanceolated ;
irregularly toothed, green, whitish underneath.

Flowers, small, double, numerous, very well formed ;
of a dark velvety violet, united in clusters of three
or four; and having the appearance of a ranun-
culus.

Petals, symmetrically distributed, rolled in a ring to-
wards the centre, with white bases.

5. Phileas.
Flowerstalk, short, trifloral.

Flowers, large, numerous, double ; of a vivid purple,
with sloped petals.

6. Jezdbel.

Flowers, middle-sized, very double, beautiful ; of a
bright purple-crimson.

7. Arethusa.

Flowers, middle-sized or small, full, purple.

8. Ariadne.

Shrub, very thorny, with erect branches.
Flowers, full, middle-sized, regular, convex ; of a deep
red or light purple.

9. Belle Aspasie.

Flowers, semi-double, very large ; of a vivid velvety
purple.

10. Belle Esquimaux.

Flowers, large or middle-sized, full ; of a dark pink or
purple, inclining to claret.

246 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

11. Bizarre.

Flowers, full, middle-sized or small; of a deep pink,
or pale purple.

12. La Terminate.
La Comtesse.

Shrub, having erect branches, purple as well as the
flowerstalks, which are long and glandulous.

Tube of calyx, globular.

Sepals, foliaceous.

Flowers, very full, middle-sized, convex, regular ; of a
light red-purple.

13. Cicris.
Creralis.

Flowers, very full, regular, middle-sized ; red, or vivid
purplish pink.

14. Erigone.

Flowers, full, middle-sized ; red or light purple.

15. Fontenelle.

Shrub, armed with thin numerous thorns.
Tube of calyx, glandulous.
Flowerstalks, erect.

Flowers, full, regular, numerous, large or middle-sized,
fragrant ; of a purple-red, or vivid deep pink.

16. Gabina.

Thorns, numerous, thin, and brown.
Tube of calyx, covered with brown viscous glands.
Flowers, full, regular, middle-sized, hemispherical ;
light purple.

17. Grand MogoL
Sepals, short ; buds round.

Flowers, very full, middle-sized, regular, convex : of a
light purple or deep vivid red.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 247

18. Mon Tresor.

Flowers, middle-sized, full ; of a light purple, becom-
ing sometimes slate-coloured.

19. Noble Pourpre.

Flowers, large or middle-sized 5 very double, of a light
red-purple.

2£). L' Orientate.

Flowers, very full, regular, middle-sized ; of a purple
vivid red, or light purple, with pale edges.

21. Paddy.

Flowers, full, middle-sized, regular, convex ; of a uni-
form purple.

22. Le Perou.

Flowers, full, middle-sized ; purple.

23. Felicie.

Petite Renoncule.
Sultane Favorite.

Flowers, very full, small ; of a purple, shaded with
dark red or blueish violet.

24. Philomel.

Flowers, full, middle-sized, purple.

25. Pourpre de Tyr.
Gros CJialons.

Shrub, armed with brown thorns.
Sepals, short ; buds round.

Flowers, full, middle-sized ; of a light uniform purple,
or deep purplish pink.

26. Grandes Divinites.
Pourpre sans Epines.
Pourpre sans Aiguillons.

Branches, usually smooth and unarmed.

Flowers, full, middle-sized ; of a purplish pink ; regular.

248 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

27. Pyramus.

Flowers, full, middle-sized ; purple.

28. Rose de la Heine.
Regince Dicta.

Flowers, full, regular, middle-sized ; of a light purple
or pink, often marbled.

29. Roi de Rome.
Roi de Hollande.

Flowers, middle-sized, full; of alight purple.

30. Orphise.

Rouge Admirable.
Flowers, large, full, regular ; light purple or deep pink.

31. Septimus.

Flowers, middle-sized, full, numerous ; of a light red-
purple, the centre petals often striped with white.

32. Souvenir des Franqais.
Napoleon.

Flowers, full, middle-sized, very regular; of a fine
vivid pink.

33. Tresarin.

Flowers, very full, middle-sized, convex; of a red-purple.

34. Triomphe des Dames.

Flowers, very full, small or middle-sized, convex,
velvety ; purple, shaded with violet.

35. Unique of Holland.

Flowers, very full, middle-sized, convex ; of a light
purple.

36. Gloire des Pourpres.
Volidatum.

Flowers, very full, middle-sized, regular, convex ; of a
light red-purple.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 249

37. Zaire.

Flowers, semi-double, large ; of a purple-pink, inclining

to blue.
Petals, large.
Fruit, globular, very large.

38. Lavoisier.

Leaflets, smooth as well as the tube of calyx.

Sepals, glandulous.

Flowers, full, middle-sized ; of a light purplish red.

FLOWERS OF A VIOLET-PURPLE.

1. Rose Mehul.

Flowers, very large, very double ;" of a crimson-purple.

2. Duke of Beaufort.

Flowers, very double, middle-sized, well formed ; of a
violet-tinted carmine.

Obtained in Belgium^ 1835.

3. Louis Xrill.

Flowers, large, very double, well formed, charming :
of a fine red- violet.

Obtained in 1826.

4. Sozur Hospitaller e.
Foliage, dark green.

Flowers, very double, middle-sized ; of a blueish violet.

This beautiful rose is the one which approaches
nearest to a blue colour.

5. Grand Apollon.

Flowers, very large, double, violet-coloured.

Obtained at Brussels, 1821.

M 3

250 THE BOOK OP ROSES.

6. Dupuytren.

Flowers, beautiful, large, double, deep violet.

7. Mont de Virginie.

Flowers, superb, large, well formed ; deep violet.
Obtained at Brussels, 1824.

8. Violet Cremer.
Flowers, large and very double.

Petals, close set, and well disposed ; of a dark violet.
Belonging to the botanical garden at Douay.

9. Pourpre Couronnee.
Leaves, deeply toothed.

Flowers, double, middle-sized ; of a violet-purple, hav-
ing in the centre a small crown formed by the
stamens.

10. Augustine Pourpree.
Shrub, very thorny.

Flowers, semi-double, large, velvety ; of a dark, vivid,
violet-purple.

11. Belle Helens.

Flotvers, very full, middle-sized, of a bright purple,
shaded with violet.

12. Belle Ternaux.

Flowers, full, middle-sized or small, regular ; of a violet-
purple, shaded.

13. Bridget.

Flowers, full, middle-sized or small ; of a dark velvety
violet-purple, usually vivid crimson in the centre.

14. La Superbe.
Crown Imperial.

Flowers, full, middle-sized; of a dark purplish pink,
shaded with blueish purple.

TilE BOOK OP ROSES. 2-51

15. King of England.

Due de Berri.

Branches, very thick ; slightly thorny.
Leaflets, near together.

Flowers, very full, middle-sized, regular; of a dark
violet

16t Duchesse de Colle.
Flowers, full, large, flat ; of a blueish purple.

17. La plus belle des Violettes.
Gloria Mundi.

Flowers, very full, small, velvety ; purple, shaded with
violet.

18. La Glorieuse.

Flowers, very full, small, regular, convex, velvety ; of a
deep violet-purple.

19. Ludovieus.

Shrub, armed with numerous thorns.
Flowers, full, middle-sized, regular ; of a dark violet-
purple.

20. Pourpre Obscur.
Manteau Imperial.
Britannicus.
Lady Tankermlle.
Velvet- Violet Ranunculus.

Flowers, small, full, velvety ; of a dark violet-purple.

21. JVigrorum.

Flowers, full, small, velvety ; of a very dark purple.

22. L'Obscurite.

Flowers, semi-double, middle-sized, regular ; of a shaded
violet-purple.

252 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

23. Aigle Noir.
Aigle Brun.
Provins Semi-double.

Flowers, semi-double, middle-sized ; of a very velvety
purple.

24. AigJe de Prusse.
The N^idow.

Flowers, full, middle-sized; of a blackish purple.

FLOWERS OF A PURPLE-BLACK.

1. Ourika.
Shrub, of a dingy green foliage ; bark of a blackish

purple.
Flowers, large or middle-sized; very double, very

handsome, hemispherical ; of a dark purple, almost

brown.

2. Ombre Precieuse.

Flowers, charming, middle-sized; of a velvety dark
brown.

Obtained atLacken in 1824.

3. Belle Africaine.

Flowers, very full, small, regular, convex, velvety ;
purple-black.

4. Cybele.

Flowers, full, large or middle-sized ; of a dark purple.

5. Li' Inter essante.

Flowers, full, middle-sized, of a slate-coloured purple.

6. Reine dcs Negres.
Nigritiana.
Madame Christophe.

Flowers, full, small, velvety ; of a very dark purple.

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 253

7. Mdheca JVova.
Passe Velours.
Grande Obscurite.

Flowers, semi-double, middle-sized, very velvety ; of a

dark purple-brown.
Petals, thick, of a more intense colour at the summit

than the base.

8. Proserpine.

Flowers, double, middle-sized, velvety ; of a blackish
purple, becoming bronze-colour in the sun.

9. Queen of Nigritia.
La Predestinee.

Flowers, almost full, middle-sized ; of a deep purple,
usually velvety.

10. Pucelle de Bruxelles.
Queen of Roses.

Black Ranunculus Rose of Holland.
Shrub, very thorny.

Flowers, full, small, velvety ; deep purple, shaded with
blackish purple.

1 1 . Rose Couleur de Merise.

Flowers, semi-double, large, very velvety ; of a brilliant
deep purple, with thick petals.

12. Superbe en Brun.
Negresse.
Nigritiana.

Shrub, armed with very crooked thorns.
Flowers, semi-double, middle-sized, velvety ; of a dark
purple, shaded with brown.

13. F'enustus.

Flowers, double or full, middle-sized ; of a purple-black,
sometimes of a red-purple.

254 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

AMARANTH OR CRIMSON-PURPLE FLOWERS.

1. Bouclier d'Astolphe.

Flowers, large or middle-sized, double, convex; of a
vivid crimson.

2. Feu Panache.

Branches, slender, with the leaves distant.

Leaflets, narrow.

Flowers, very double, small, bright crimson.

3. Grain d Or.
Green dHoor.
Grain d'Hort.

Flowers, middle-sized or small, very full, convex, re-
gular ; of a vivid purple-crimson.

4. Jean Bart.

Flowers, numerous, often solitary, very large, double,
regular, velvety ; of a dark crimson, very vivid.

5. Crimson-coloured Promns Rose.
Flowers, full, middle-sized ; of a crimson-red, turning

to purple.

6. Raucourt.

The Neapolitan.

Fenelon.
L'Esponia.
Charles X.
Bandeau de 8 oilman.

Flowers, very double, middle-sized, velvety ; crimson,
turning to purple.

7. King of England.

Flowers, very full, middle-sized or small, regular, con-
vex ; of a crimson-purple.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 255

8. RoiFeu.

Flowers, semi-double, and velvety at the first flower-
ing ; afterwards double and not velvety ; all mid-
dle-sized ; of a light vivid crimson.

9. Sirius.

Flowers, large, double ; bright crimson, having in the
centre^ small petals which conceal the stamens.

10. Barbanegra.
Temple of Apollo.
Red Purple.
Chermesissimo Amplo.

Shrub, with red buds.

Sepals, short.

Flowers, semi-double, large ; velvety crimson.

11. Testa.

Feu de Testa.

Shrub, of which the buds are never red.
Buds, more elongated and pointed than the preceding.
Flowers, large, semi-double ; the petals less numerous,
velvety ; of a light vivid crimson.

12. Clois'igny.

Flowers, well formed, charming, very double, large ;
of a velvety crimson.

13. Rose Marjolin.

Shrub, armed only with a few short bristles.

Leaflets, regularly toothed ; of a light vivid green.

Flowers, numerous, very large and very full, well made,
attaining sometimes five inches in diameter ; of a
crimson-red, very dark, and inclining to violet.

14. Bouclier d'Astolphe. (Savoureux.)
Flowers, large, well formed, double, superb ; of a vivid

carmine.

256 THE BOOK OP ROSES.

15. Assemblage de Beaute.
Flowers, middle-sized ; of a brilliant crimson.

Obtained at Angers, in 1823.

16. Queen of the Netherlands.

Flowers, beautiful, numerous, middle-sized ; of a velvet
crimson.

Obtained at Brussels, 1824.

N. B. The Rosa Gallica of Lindley differs so little
from the variety Provinciates of the Hundred-leaved
rose, that we have classed them together.

EIGHTH TRIBE OF SPECIES III.
Rosa Villosa.

SPECIFIC CHARACTERS.

Shrub, from three to eight feet high ; sometimes lofty

and arborescent ; offsets straight.
Branches, glaucous or light green ; rarely red, alway

armed.
Thorns, straight or almost straight ; usually scattered,

very rarely in pairs.
Stipules, usually narrow; toothed or sometimes bi-

forked; fringed with glands, or hairy at the

edges.

Leafstalks, often glandulous, or hairy ; always thorny.
Leaves, composed of five or seven leaflets.
Leaflets, hairy underneath, at least on the nerves;

sometimes on both surfaces ; oval or oblong, with

divergent teeth.

Flowers, occasionally solitary or in pairs ; more fre-
quently in multifloral clusters.
Floral leaves, none, when the flowers are solitary ;

otherwise, oval or lanceolated.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 257

FLowerstalks, usually short, always hispid ; sometimes
bearing a few small thorns.

Tube of calyx, oval or ob-round, usually hispid ; some-
times smooth.

Sepals, connivent, usually permanent, often long and
narrow.

Petals, heart-shaped, often concave.

Disk, usually thick and flat, forming the throat of the
calyx.

Styles, hairy, detached.

Fruit, long or oblong ; of a purple more or less orange
or scarlet ; often crowned by connivent sepals.

This species is to be found in the four quarters of
the globe.

SYNONYMS.

Rosa villosa. Rosa spinulifolia.
pomifera . alba,

gracilis. Evratina.

tomentosa. hibernica.

I. Rosa Villosa, or Hairy Rose.
Rosa Pomifera.
Rosa Gracilis.

Shrub, the largest of the tribe ; having sometimes an
arborescent stem, thick as a man's arm.

Branches, very glaucous ; very rarely tinged with red ;
armed with a few strong thorns scattered or grow-
ing under the stipules ; some straight, some scythe-
shaped, very slightly interspersed with bristles.

Leaves, composed of five or seven leaflets; usually
large, grey, covered with a dense down.

Stipules, narrow, pointed, glaucous ; finely toothed and
fringed with glands.

258 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

Leafstalks, glandulous, bearing small crooked thorns.

Leaflets, very unequal, elliptic, plane, rugged, doubly
toothed with divergent teeth; exhaling when
rubbed a smell of turpentine.

Flowers, disposed in pairs ; white or deep red.

Floral leaves, glaucous, oval, wrinkled, concave.

Flowerstalks, very short, having as well as the calyx
stiff bristles, and viscous fragrant glands.

Tube of calyx, oval, glaucous, hispid, glandulous.

Sepals, narrow, composite, displayed.

Petals, rather notched, almost heart-shaped; longer
than broad. *

Disk, not thick, elevated.

Styles, detached, hairy ; often shorter than the ripe
fruit.

Fruit, dark orange or purple ; very large, round, his-
pid ; crowned by connivent sepals.

This rose is found in the wooded mountains of
Taurida, in Germany, in England, and on many of
the woody hill-sides of France. It has furnished seve-
ral pretty sub-varieties.

1. Single Rosa Villosa.
Stipules, short, glandulous underneath.
Flowerstalks, smooth below the bracteal leaves.
Flowers, single, small; pale pink.

2. Subalba.

Shrub, vigorous, having erect stems, armed with nu-
merous, uneven, cylindrical thorns ; interspersed
with bristles, terminated by a gland.

Leaflets, seven in number ; oval ; white and cottonous
underneath, slightly toothed.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 259

Flowerstalks, short, almost spherical ; viscous, exhal-
ing a sweet odour.

Flowers, united in clusters of five or seven ; pretty, very
double.

Petals, white, slightly tinged with pink.

3. Rose Pomifere, double.

Rose Velue, a fleurs doubles.
Flowerstalks, armed with thorns, interspersed with

glandulous bristles.

Flowers, semi-double, middle-sized ; of a light or pale
pink.

4. Rosa Fillosa, with variegated double flowers.
Rosa Villosa, with variegated semi-double

flowers.

Tube of calyx, oval-elongated.
Flowers, semi-double.

Petals, undulated ; pale pink, streaked or marbled with
light red.

•5. Miss Lawrence's Rose.
Flowers, double, middle-sized, cherry-colour.

6. Ismenia.
Shrub, slightly armed.

Leaflets, pubescent underneath when young.
Tube of calyx, globular, depressed, hispid, glandulous.
Flowers, semi-double, large or middle-sized ; of a light
brilliant pink.

7, Tillosa Fulgens.
Flowerstalks, hispid, glandulous.

Tube of calyx, smooth, glaucous, depressed.
Sepals, deciduous, bearing a hairy, glandulous point.
Flowers, semi-double, middle-sized ; of a bright pink.
Fruit, red, smooth, depressed.

260 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

8. Villosa Duplex.
Tube of calyx, oval, glandulous.
Sepals, foliaceous.

Flowers, semi-double, fragrant, middle-sized ; of a vivid
pink.

9. Rose Velue, with narrow leaves.
Shrub, having a glossy bark, armed with long, strong

thorns.
Leaves, composed of five or nine lanceolated leaflets ;

glandulous, rather hairy underneath; toothing

edged with grey glands.

Leafstalks, covered with white viscous glands.
Flowers, semi-double, middle-sized, of a pale pink.
Petals, sloped, pointed at the summit.

II. Rosa Tomentosa.
Rosa Dubia.
Rosa Scabriuscula.
Rosa Mollissima.
Rosa Foetida.

Rosa Heterophylla Pulcliella.
Rosa Villosa Minuta.

SPECIFIC CHARACTERS.

Shrub, vigorous, seven or eight feet high, very grey.
Branches, spreading, sometimes glaucous, armed with

straight thorns ; rarely curved, scattered, without

bristles.
Leaves, composed of seven or five leaflets, covered with

whitish down.
Stipules, entire, dilated, convex ; toothed and fringed

with glands.
Flowerstalks, hispid, with uneven bristles and glands.

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 261

Leaflets, oval or oblong ; obtuse, dense, and wrinkled ;

pale, and sometimes glandulous underneath;

doubly toothed, with divergent teeth. AYhen

pressed, they exhale a smell of turpentine.
Flowers, almost solitary, red, cupped.
Floral leaves, oval, cottonous.
Tube of calyx, ob-round or oval ; sometimes smooth,

oftener Mspid.

Sepals, displayed, composite, hispid externally.
Petals, rather heart-shaped ; concave, entire.
Disk, flat and thick.
Styles, detached, very hairy.
Fruit, round or almost oval ; depressed, purple, usually

hispid; crowned with convergent sepals, which

fall at maturity.

This rose is found throughout Europe ; among other
places, in the woods of Meudon, near Paris. It has
furnished only botanical varieties.

1 . Foetid Cottonous Rose.
Leaves, smooth underneath.

Fruit, exhaling a disagreeable smell when crushed.

2. Rosa MoUis.
Suckers or Offsets, very straight.
Sepals, not divided.

3. Rosa Pulchella.
Sepals, almost simple.
Flowers, white, semi-double.
Petals, crenelated.

4. Rosa Scabriuscula.
Flowers, red, spotted.

262 THE BOOK OP ROSES.

5. Rosa Tomentosa Resinosa.
Shrub, smaller in all its proportions ; foliage very thick

and grey.
Leaflets, narrow.
Flowers, light red.

CULTIVATED SUB-VARIETIES.
1. Common Rosa Tomentosa.'
Tube of calyx, ovoid, with a long narrow throat.
Sepals, bearing at the summit a linear or lanceolated

hairy leaf.
Flowers, single, middle-sized; flesh-colour, almost

white.

2. Hybrid Tomentous Rose, with small leaves.
Leaflets, nine or eleven, small, hairy on both sides.
Stipules, smooth, edged with hair.
Tube of calyx, globular, short ; covered with short

stiff hairs.
Sepals, simple.

Flowers, semi-double, of a light pink.
Disk, thin ; styles non-salient.

III. Rosa Dematra.
Rosa Spinulafolia.
Rosa Pseudo-Rubigi7iosa.

SPECIFIC CHARACTERS.

Shrub, vigorous.

Stems, and Branches, armed with strong, straight
thorns; thickened at their base, sometimes op-
posed.

Leaflets, five or seven ; oval, pointed ; of a pale green
on the upper surface, paler underneath, strongly
and doubly toothed.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 263

A'e.rves, covered with very small straight thorns, fur-

nished with glands.
Flowerstalk, and Calyx, covered with bristles, inter-

spersed with a few thorns.
Leafstalks, thorny and hairy.

Stipules, bifid, oblong, hairy, and fringed with glands.
Sepals, very long, almost single ; hispid.
Tube of calyx,*& rounded oval.
Flowers, middle-sized, pale red.
Petals, heart-shaped.
Styles, detached.

The upper leaves and flowers of this shrub exhale
a strong smell of turpentine. It was discovered in
Switzerland by Monsieur Dematra, pastor of Corbiere,
whose name it bears ; and may be considered a botan-
ical variety.

Small-leafed Dematra Rose.

Rosa Spinulifolia Foxiana.
Thorns, much curved.
Leaflets, smaller and more pointed.
Tube of calyx, oval.
Flowerstalks, longer.
Fruit, hispid and naked.

IV. Rosa Alba.
Wliite Rose.
Rosa Sativa.
Rosa Damascena.
Rosa Usitatissima.

SPECIFIC CHARACTERS.

Shrub, vigorous, six or seven feet high : spreading, of
a greyish aspect.

264 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

Branches, divergent, glaucous or light green ; some-
times red on one side.

Thorns, straight or a little curved, scattered, weak,
uneven.

Leaves, glaucous, composed of five or seven leaflets, of
a dull green.

Stipules, narrow, flat, elongated at the extremity ;
almost naked, toothed, fringed with glands.

Leafstalks, cottonous ; thorny, and glandulous.

Leaflets, large, wrinkled; oval or round, obtuse or
acuminated ; naked on the upper surface, cottonous
and very pale underneath ; simply toothed, with
slender toothing.

Flowers, large, numerous ; white or flesh-colour ; often
fragrant.

Floral leaves, cottonous, straight, concave, lanceolated.

Flowerstalks, bearing weak unequal bristles.

Tube of calyx, oblong, bristly at the base, or naked.

Sepals, long, pinnated, hispid on the exterior, reverted
and deciduous.

Petals, concave, emarginated.

Disk, thick and flat.

Styles, detached, woolly.

Fruit, oblong, scarlet or blood-red.

SECTION I. — WHITE FLOWERS.

1. Single White Rose.
Shrub, lofty.
Leafstalks, hairy, armed underneath with crooked

thorns.

Stipules, adnate in half their length.
Tube of calyx, oval-fusiform.
Flowers, white, single, fragrant, two or three inches

wide.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 265

2. Semi-double White Rose.
Virgin Rose.

Flowers, semi-double, middle-sized; white, fragrant.

3. Pearl of France.

Shrub, having its wood and foliage of a yellow green.
Leaves, much toothed.

Flowers, saddle-sized, double ; white, having the shape
of the Hundred-leaved.

4. La Vestale.

Shrub, armed with strong crooked thorns ; no bristles.

Tube of calyx, oval, smooth.

Flowers, double, middle-sized ; white, cup-shaped.

5. Ornement des Vierges.
Charlotte.

Branches, almost unarmed.

Leaflets, deeply and sharply toothed.

Sepals, longer than the petals.

Flowers, middle-sized or small, semi-double ; white.

6. La Surprise.

Shrub, unarmed ; mahogany-coloured wood.
Flowers, small, very double ; of a pure white.
Obtained at Mans, 1823.

7. Rose Sorribreuil.

Tube of calyx, hispid, glandulous, oval-turbinated.
Flowers, full, middle-sized; rather flesh-coloured in
expanding ; afterwards white.

8. Jeune Bcrgere.

Flowers, very pretty and well formed, double ; white,
slightly flesh-coloured.

9. Celeste Blanche.
Tube of calyx, oval.

Flowers, full, middle-sized ; white.

266 THE BOOK OP ROSES.

10. Jeanne d'Arc.

Branches, kneed, having strong crooked thorns at the
point.

Tube of calyx, oval-pyriform, glandulous and hispid.

Flowers, very full, middle-sized, globular ; the centre a
little tinged with flesh-colour in expanding ; after-
wards of a pure, uniform white.

1 1 . Alba Maxima Multiplex.
Shrub, vigorous.

Flowerstalks, glandulous and hispid below the floral
leaves ; smooth above.

Tube of calyx, oval-fusiform, those of the central flower
hispid-glandulous ; those of the surrounding flow-
ers smooth.

Flowers, in clusters, semi-double, large; the petals
large, white ; almost nankeen in the centre pre-
vious to their full expansion.

12. Rose Mills.

Flowers, very double, middle-sized, well formed ; of
a beautiful white, rather resembling the Pompon
Hazard.

13. Camellia Hose.

Shrub, with flexile branches, of a yellowish green;

almost unarmed, the thorns very crooked.
Leaflets, bulging, bordered with a purple edge when

young.
Flowers, middle-sized or small ; double, with thick

white petals.

14. Hemp-leafed While Rose.
Rosa Cannabina.

Shrub, almost unarmed.
Flowerstalks, smooth.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 267

Tube of calyx, smooth, oval, narrow in the throat.
Sepals, smooth and entire.
Flowers, small, semi-double ; white.

15. Yellow-centred WTiite.

WJiite Rose with variegated leaves and

flowers.
Shrub, delicate, with slender branches and crooked

thorns.

Leaflets, glaucous, small, veined with yellow.
Tube of calyx, oval.

Flowers, double, small ; white, the base of the petals
yellow at their first expansion.

16. Foliaceous White Rose.

Branches, almost unarmed.

Leaflets, deeply and sharply toothed.

Sepals, longer than the petals.

Flowers, semi-double, small or middle-sized ; white.

17. Alba Victoria.
Antoinette.

Thorns, long and crooked.

Leaflets, ob-oval, concave, of a dark green ; pubescent

underneath.
Flowerstalks, glandulous above the floral leaves;

smooth below.
Flowers, very double, small, regular, hemispherical ;

white.

18. Cecile Loisiel.

Shrub, having a light green foliage.
Leaflets, orbicular, concave.
Tube of calyx, smooth.
Sepals, composite, rather glandulous.
Flowers, full, small ; white, when fully expanded.

N 2

268 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

1 9. White Hose with green buds.
Tube of calyx, top-shaped.

Buds, round ; of a pale green.
Flowers, full, middle-sized ; white.

20. Claudine.

Tube of calyx, oval, glandulous ; scattered over with

green bristles.

Sepals, pinnatifid, glandulous.
Flowers, white ; semi-double, in clusters.

21. Small-leafed White Rose.
Shrub, small with slender branches.
Thorns, rare, scattered, crooked and slight.
Leaflets, five or seven; lanceolated, toothed, smooth

and rather glaucous.

Flowers, not numerous, often solitary; very double,
almost full ; tinged with red in the bud, but pure
white after expansion.

22. Aimable Felix.
Shrub, of a moderate height.
Stems, divergent, usually thornless.
Branches, the young ones rather elbowed.
Leafstalks, slightly hairy.

Leaflets, three or five ; round, or ob-cordiform, irregu-
larly toothed, of a whitish green.

Flowers, small, double, numerous, well formed; of a pure
white ; in clusters of two or three on each branch.

Petals, of the centre, rather plaited ; those of the cir-
cumference wide and lobed.

Tube of calyx, and Flowerstalks, hispid.

SECTION II. — FLESH-COLOURED FLOWERS.

23. Diadem of Flora.

Flowers, very well formed, and very double and large j
flesh-coloured.

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 269

24. Chloris.

Dem of the Morning.

Tube of calyx, oblong, glandulous and hispid.
Flowers, double, middle-sized or small, regular ; flesh-
coloured, becoming almost white.

25. La Royale.
^Cuisse de Nymphe.

Flower stalks, hispid above the floral leaves.
Tube of calyx, longer than broad.
Flowers, very double, middle-sized, flesh-coloured, with
white edges.

26. Cuisse de Nymphe Emue.

Cuisse de Nymphe with glossy ovary.
Tube of calyx, oval, oblong, smooth.
Flowers, middle-sized ; vivid flesh-colour.

27. Small Cuisse de Nymphe.
Alba Itubigens.

Flowerstalks, smooth below the floral leaves.
Tube of calyx, glaucous.

Flowers, double, middle-sized; flesh-coloured, some-
times very light pink when expanding.

28. Enfant de France.
Beaute Tendre.

Leaflets, more glaucous and orbicular than in the

Royale.

Tube of calyx, shorter.
Flowers, full, middle-sized, regular; flesh-coloured,

almost white at the circumference.

29. Alba Reaia.

Tube of calyx, oval, having glandulous hairs.
Flowerstalks, smooth below the bracteal leaves.
Flowers, full, middle-sized, regular ; of a flesh-colour,
turning to white.

270 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

30. Fanny Rousseau.

Shrub, not very vigorous, spotted with brown at the
base of the branches.

Flowers, very double, middle-sized, regular; flesh-
coloured.

31. Belle de Segur.
Shrub, almost unarmed.
Tube of calyx, smooth.

Flowers, double, middle-sized, regular ; of a pale flesh-
colour.

32. Belle Aurore.
Ex Albo Rosea.

Branches, vigorous, tinged on one side with purple.

Leaflets, glaucous ; rather purple underneath when
young.

Flowers, large, semi-double.

Petals, large and thick ; of a light lilac-tinged flesh-
colour.

33. Pauline.

Col de Berry.
Flesh-coloured Pompon.
Shrub, almost unarmed.
Tube of calyx, smooth, short.

Flowers, middle-sized or small, full, convex ; of a flesh-
colour, becoming white.

34. Josephine Beauharnais.
Tube of calyx, smooth and very short.

Flowers, very full, middle-sized, regular ; of a bright
flesh-colour, with pale edges.

35. La Seduisante.

Thorns, almost straight, interspersed with bristles.
Flowers, large or middle-sized, full ; of a vivid flesh-
colour.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 271

36. Elisa Blanche.
Eliza.

Belle Elisa.

Thorns, straight and long.

Flowerstalks, hispid both below and above the floral
leaves.

Tube of cblyx, ob-conical.

Flowers, full, large ; flesh-coloured, white at the cir-
cumference.

37. Hose Castel.

Thorns, long and straight.
Tube of calyx, short, top-shaped.
Flowers, full, large ; flesh-coloured, white at the cir-
cumference.

38. Armida.

Leaflets, sharply toothed, with prominent nerves.
Flowerstalksj glandulous and hispid above the floral

leaves.
T^ube of calyx, turbinated, longer than broad.

39. Rose Chaussee.

Tube of calyx, oval-turbinated.

Flowers, full, middle-sized; flesh-coloured.

40. Armantine.

Shrub, vigorous, armed with straight uneven thorns.

Leafstalks, hairy.

Leaflets, small, of a glaucous green ; smooth, simply

toothed.

Tube of calyx, smooth at the summit.
Sepals, glandulous.
Flowers, double, small, or middle-sized ; of a bright

flesh-colour, almost white at the circumference.

272 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

41. Egeria.

Branches, flexile, armed with crooked thorns.
Leafstalks, glandulous.
Leaflets, undulated and curled at the edge.
Flowerstalks, smooth below the floral leaves.
Flowers, semi-double, middle-sized ; of a vivid uniform

flesh-colour.
Fruit, large, globular, blood-red.

42. Gabrielle d'Estrees.
Leaflets, rather concave.

Tube of calyx, oval-pyriform.

Floicers, full, or double, of a pale flesh-colour, turning
to white.

43. Diana of Poitiers.

Shrub, of which the shoots are near together, armed

with thorns intermixed with bristles.
Flowers, double, middle-sized ; flesh-coloured.

44. Minette.

Branches, smooth and spreading, furnished at the base

with a few weak thorns and bristles.
Leaflets, five or seven, with one or two smaller ones

at the foot of the odd leaflet ; notched with teeth,

not glandulous.

Flowerstalks, smooth below the floral leaves. *
Flowers, full, small, or middle-sized ; of a light pink

with paler edges.

Gardeners place this variety among the Provins roses.

45. Pompon Hazard.
White Pompon.
Flesh-coloured Pompon.
Tomentosa Alba.

Shrub, with leaves smooth on the upper surface.
Flowers, middle-sized or small ; full, flesh-coloured.

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 273

46. Hundred-leaved of Hesse.
Alba Hybrida Glaucophylla.

Branches, slender and spreading.

Leaves, very glaucous, often doubly toothed, glandulous

and bristly.

Flowerstalks, hispid and glandulous.
Tube of calyx, narrow in the throat.
Flowers, double, regular, small, flesh-coloured.

47. Sara.

Caroline of England.
Rosa Gracilis.
Branches, slender, spreading, armed with red acicular

thorns.

Tube of calyx, oval, smooth.

Flowers, full, small, globular, regular; of a pale pink,
turning to white.

48. Florine.

Shrub, low, branches almost unarmed.
Leaves, glaucous.

Leaflets, round and sharply toothed.
Flowers, full; white, slightly tinged with flesh-colour,
exhaling a slight fragrance.

SECTION III. — PINK FLOWERS.

49. Rose Semonvillc.

Shrub, armed with long thorns, interspersed with glan-
dulous bristles.

Leaflets, with prominent nerves.

Tube of calyx, hispid, globular.

Flowers, semi-double or double, middle-sized; of alight
copperish pink.

50. Amelia.

Leaflets, curved, not pendant; with single non-glandu-
lous teeth.

N 3

274 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

Flowerstalks, glandulous and hispid above the floral

leaves.

Tube of calyx, narrow at the summit.
Sepals, foliaceous, permanent.

5 1 . Granaat Appel.
Pomegranate Rose.

Caule Inermis Foliis Aculeatis.

Shrub, vigorous, and tall.

Flowerstalks, hispid and glandulous above the floral
leaves.

Tube of calyx, smooth, with narrow throat.

Flowers, semi-double or double, middle-sized, cup-
shaped ; of a light uniform pink.

52. Ernestine.

Shrub, having straight stems, not above two or three

feet high.

Thorns, light red ; large, crooked, not numerous.
Leaflets, near together, of a pale glaucous green, finely

toothed.

Flowerstalks, stiff; having black bristles.
Flowers, double, between two and three inches broad;

cup-shaped, of a light pink ; fragrant.

53. Monica.

Branches, kneed, almost unarmed.
Leaflets, five in number, simply and deeply toothed.
Tube of calyx, almost smooth.
Sepals, glandulous, terminated by a leaflet.
Floivers, globular, middle-sized, regular; of a light
brilliant uniform pink.

54. Royale Rouge.
Belle Therese.

Flowers, large or middle-sized, semi-double, of a light
pink.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 275

55. Placidia.

Leaflets, small, narrow, never glaucous.

Tube of calyx, very long.

Flowers, middle-sized or small ; semi-double.

Petals, undulated and concave, of a vivid uniform pink

56. Camille Boulan.
Tube of calyx, short and smooth.

Flowers, ftouble, middle-sized, hemispherical, of a light
uniform pink.

57. Fanny Somesson.
Shrub, vigorous, almost unarmed.
Tube of calyx, oval.

Flowers, full, regular, middle-sized, convex; light pink,
becoming flesh-coloured.

58. Celanire.
Sophie de Baviere.

Shrub, vigorous, the wood grey or yellowish green,

armed with grey thorns.
Leaves, flat, glaucous.
Leaflets, five, doubly serrated.
Flowers, full, middle-sized, numerous, very regular ; of

a light uniform pink.

59. Chaptal Rose.
Flowerstalks, hispid.
Tube of calyx, elongated.

Flowers, full, middle-sized, of a light uniform pink.

60. Macrophylla Bisserrulata.
Shrub, vigorous.

Stipules, entire, smooth.

Leaflets, very glaucous, arched, and pendant; near

together ; doubly and regularly toothed.
Flowers, semi-double, very large ; of a light pink.
Fruit, oval, globular, very large.

276 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

61. Bouquet Parfait.

Shrub, armed with thin, long, crooked thorns.

Tale of calyx, very short, turbinated, spreading at the

summit.
Flowers, full, middle-sized, regular, of a bright pink.

62. Red York Rose.

Flowers, middle-sized, full ; of a dark pink, or light red.

V. Rosa Evratina.
Red Nutmeg Rose.
Evrat's Rose.

SPECIFIC CHARACTERS.

Shrub, vigorous, very strong, dark green.

Branches, spreading, armed with scattered thorns ;

sometimes in pairs, almost straight.
Branchlets, almost entirely devoid of thorns.
Stipules, biforked, narrow, fringed at the edges with

hairs.
Leaflets, five or nine ; of a dark green on the upper

surface, paler and hairy on the under; simply

toothed, oblong and obtuse.
Leafstalks, armed with small thorns.
Flowerstalks, very hispid.
Tube of calyx, oval, very hispid.
Sepals, long, hispid.
Floral leaves, pretty large ; lanceolated, fringed, united

in pairs at every division of the flowerstalks.
Flowers, numerous, middle-sized ; pale red, usually

double.

This shrub is, according to Lindley, a native of
Carolina. Bosc, the botanist, found it in the possession
of Monsieur Evrat, and was ignorant of its origin. It
has no sub-varieties.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 277

VI. Rosa Hibernica, or Irish Rose.

SPECIFIC CHARACTERS.

Shrub, three or four feet high, forming a thick bush.
Branches, straight, of a reddish brown.
Thorns, straight, even ; not interspersed with bristles.
Branchlets, spreading, with uneven feeble thorns.
Suckers, almost bristly, covered with long uneven

thorns1; some of which are shaped like a fish-hook.
Leaves, growing near together.
Leaflets, five in number, hairy underneath, especially

on the mid-rib ; simply toothed.

Flowers, almost always devoid of floral leaves ; solitary.
Flowerstalks, cylindrical.
Tube of calyx, and Sepals, naked ; composite, reflexed

after flowering.
Petals, emarginated, concave.
Disk, emergent, flat.
Fruit, of a deep dingy red, crowned with sepals.

We have already alluded to the supposed discovery
of this rose in Ireland, by Dr. Templeton.

NINTH TRIBE OF SPECIES III.
Rosa Rubiginosa.

SPECIFIC CHARACTERS.

Shrub, forming a thick, not very high, bush.

Suckers, curved ; furnished with small thorns, and a
few glands.

Branches, and Branchlets, armed with thorns, more or
less numerous.

Thorns, uneven, often bristly ; sometimes curved, some-
times straight.

Stipules, usually dilated, occasionally narrow ; glandu-
lous on the edges.

278 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

Leaves, of a dull whitish green, covered on the under

surface with reddish fragrant glands ; composed of

five or seven leaflets.
Leafstalks, thorny ; usually glandulous.
Leaflets, oval, oblong, or rounded; glandulous on the

under surface ; sometimes viscous, with divergent,

and usually double toothing.
Flowers, generally solitary ; occasionally united to the

number of two or three ; pale red.
Flowerstalks, hispid or slightly pubescent ; often very

short.
Floral leaves, lanceolated, often glandulous ; sometimes

tinted with red.
Tube of calyx, oval, and hispid; rarely, naked and

round.
Sepals, permanent, often foliaceous, or terminating in

a long point.

Petals, mostly heart-shaped.
Styles, hairy, detached.
Fruit, oval or ob-round ; of a red more or less orange

or scarlet, smooth or hispid.

SYNONYMS.

Rosa pulverulenta. Rosa cuspidata.

Rosa glutinosa.

I. Rosa Hubiginosa.
Fragrant Eglantine.
Rosa Eglanteria.

Shrub, from three to six feet ; very branching.
Suckers, covered with glands and thorns smaller than

on the branches.

Branches, light green, flexible, slender, armed with
numerous hooked thorns ; scattered and uneven.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 279

Leaves, of a dull green ; fragrant ; covered underneath

with reddish glands ; composed of five or seven

leaflets.

Leafstalks, bearing a few strong crooked thorns.
Leaflets, rounded, sometimes pointed, rather concave,

doubly toothed ; usually naked on the upper

surface, very pale, hairy, and rugged underneath.
Flowers, solitary ; two or three together, pale and

cup-shaped.
Floral leaves, lanceolated, pointed, pale, concave, rather

hairy and glandulous.

Flowerstalks, hispid, and having feeble bristles.
Tube of calyx, oval, bristly.
Sepals, pinnated, reflexed.
Petals, rather heart-shaped.

Disk, rather thickened ; with thirty or forty ovules.
Styles, hairy, detached.
Fruit, almost round, oblong or ob-oval ; hispid or

smooth, crowned with sepals.

This rose grows in abundance in most of the countries
of Europe. It is found in the Caucasus, Russia, Ger-
many, England, Sweden, and France in the environs
of Paris. It has furnished several interesting sub-
varieties.

1 . Common Rubiginous Rose.
Rosa Rubiginosa Vulgaris.
Rosa Eglantier.
Rosa Sylvestris Odorata.
Rosa Suavifolia.

Thorns, strong, very uneven.
Styles, woolly.
Fruitt oval or oblong.

280 THE BOOK OP ROSES.

2. Small-tliorned Rubiginous Rose.

Rosa Rubiginosa Micrantha.

Rosa Odoratissima.

Rosa Eglanteria Ruhr a.

Rosa Crantzii.

Rosa Eglanteria Americana.

Rosa Suaveolens.

Rosa Nemorosa.

Rosa Rubiginosa Nemoralis.

Rosa Rubiginosa Resinosa.

Rosa Rubiginosa Parvifolia.
Thorns, of the "branchlets, even or obliterated.
Sepals, deciduous before the maturity of the fruit.
Styles, rather woolly.
Fruit, oblong or oval.

3. Rubiginous Rose with umbelliferous flowers.
Rosa Rubiginosa Umbellata.

Rosa Umbellata.

Rosa Sempcrvirens.

Rosa Tenuiglandosa.

Rosa Eglanteria Cymosa.
Flowering branchlets, very thorny.
Fruit, elongated.

4. Large-flowering Rubiginous Rose.
Rosa Rubiginosa Grandiflora.

Leaflets, almost naked.
Flowers, very large.
Fruit, purple.

5. Rubiginous Flexile Rose.
Rosa Rubiginosa Flexuosa.
Rosa Reynieri.
Rosa Mauritana.
Branchlets, very flexile.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 281

Leaflets, almost orbicular.
Floral leaves, deciduous.
Flowers, often solitary.

6. Rubiginous round-leafed Rose.
Rosa Rubiginosa Rotundifolia.

Branches, rod-shaped.

Thorns, thin, almost straight.

Leaflets, orbicular, half as large as those of the type.

Tube of calyx, almost globular, smooth.

7. Rubiginous Hedge-rose.
Rosa Rubiginosa Sccpium.
Rosa Helvetica.

Rosa Myrtifolia.

Rosa Scepium.

Rosa Agrestis.

Rosa Bisinata.

Rosa Macrocarpa.

Rosa Stipularis.
Branches, slender and flexile.
Leaflets, sharp on both sides.
Flowers, often solitary.
Fruit, very smooth, divisions of the sepals very narrow.

8. Scentless Rubiginous Rose.
Rosa Rubiginosa Inodora.
Rosa Dumetorum.

Rosa Borreri.

Thorns, almost even ; bent like fish-hooks.
Leaflets, less glandulous.
Sepals, deciduous before maturity of the fruit.

9. Small-glanded Rubiginous Rose.
Rosa Tenuiglandulosa.

Thorns, the large ones resembling fish-hooks; the

small, almost straight.
Leaflets, hairy.

282 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

Flowerstalks, very short.
Fruit, almost round, smooth.

10. Small-leafed Rubiginous Rose.

Rosa Rubiginosa Parvifolia.
Shrub, dwarfed.
Branches, rather bristly.
Leaves, small and rounded.
This sub-variety is found in the mountains of Taurida.

11. Rubiginous Rose with glossy wood.
Rosa Rubiginosa Lcevigata.

Shrub, vigorous.

Branches, divergent.

Thorns, not numerous, purplish, uneven, scattered.

Bark, glossy.

Leaves, flat.

Leafstalks, rather thorny and glandulous.

Leaflets, five or seven, some spatulated, others rounded ;
glandulous underneath ; of a dark green on the
upper surface ; the toothing sharp and glandulous.

Flowers, large, semi-double ; of a fine cherry-red.

Petals, rather curled in the centre.

12. Thorny Rubiginous Rose.
Rosa Rubiginosa *4culeata.

Shrub, very vigorous.

Branches, divergent.

Thorns, uneven, compressed at the base ; almost straight,

scattered, intermingled with glandulous hairs.
Leafstalks, glandulous, thorny.
Leaves, composed of seven leaflets.
Leaflets, some oval, some almost round, of a dark green

on the upper surface ; whitish and glandulous on

the under ; teeth strong and hairy.
Flowers, numerous, double, large ; of a fine pink shaded

with violet.
Calyx, and Peduncles, rather viscous.

THE BOOK OF HOSES. 283

13. Rubiginous Rose with long flower stalks.
Rosa Rubiginosa Pedunculata.

Shrub, very vigorous.

Stems, high and divergent.

Thorns, reddish.

Bark, glossy, smooth.

Leafstalks, glandulous, very thorny.

Leaflets, seven ; some oval, some elliptical ; glandulous

underneath ; deeply but irregularly toothed.
Flowers, not numerous ; semi-double, middle-sized, in

clusters ; of a pale pink.
Flowerstalks, long, with numerous glandulous hairs.

14. Small-flowering Rubiginous Rose.
Rosa Rubiginosa Parviflora.

Shrub, bushy, vigorous.

Branches, spreading and elbowed.

Thorns, even, short, very crooked, scattered, dilated at
their base.

Leaflets, five; round, undulated, glandulous under-
neath ; with large deep, glandulous toothing.

Flowers, not numerous, semi-double, small ; of a pale
pink, in clusters.

Flowerstalks, short and hispid.

15. Rubiginous Cluster Rose.
Rosa Rubiginosa Corymbosa.

Shrub, vigorous.

Stems, erect, armed with numerous uneven red thorns,

some long and thick, some small.
Leafstalks, having very small thorns.
Leaves, composed of five or seven leaflets ; some oblong,

some spatulated ; glandulous underneath, rather

acuminated, deeply and sharply toothed.
Flowers, numerous, middle-sized, double, in clusters;

of a rather vivid red.
Flowerstalk, and Calyx, viscous and very fragrant.

284 THE BOOK OP ROSES.

SUB-VARIETIES IN GENERAL CULTIVATION.

1. Semi-double Rubiginous Rose.
Eglantine with double red flowers.

Shrub, armed with strong crooked thorns.

Lea/lets, rather pubescent on both sides ; glandulous

underneath.

Tube of calyx, oval, with elongated throat.
Flowers, semi-double, middle-sized, of a light pink.

2. Briard.

Shrub, armed with strong crooked thorns, almost stipu-
lary ; summit of the branches thornless.

Leaflets, seven in number, purple underneath when
young ; rather hairy on both sides.

Tube of calyx, oval, fusiform.

Sepals, three of them pinnatifid.

Flowers, full, small, lilac-pink.

3. Rennet jlpple-scented Rose.
Dwarf Rubiginous Rose.

Shrub, low, with slender thorny branches.

Leaflets, veined, reticulated ; glandulous underneath ;

rather pubescent on both surfaces.
Tube of calyx, oval or fusiform, speckled with white

points.

Sepals, three of them divided.
Flowers, semi-double, very small, flesh-coloured, not

always expanding favourably.

4. Double Fragrant Eglantine.

Leaflets, glandulous on the mid-rib and edges.
Tube of calyx, oval or oblong.

Flowers, in clusters, semi-double, middle-sized, cup-
shaped j of a vivid uniform pink, fragrant.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 285

5. Semi-double round-fruited Eglantine .

Branches, usually purple.
Tube of calyx, smooth and globular.
Flowers, semi-double, middle-sized, of a vivid purplish
pink.

6. Rubiginosa Hybrida Ferox.

Shrub, high.

Thorns, thick and very long.

Lea/lets, seven or nine ; smooth on the upper surface,
pubescent and glandulous on the under.

Tube of calyx, oval and smooth.

Sepals, three of them bearing five or seven appen-
dages.

Flowers, semi-double, middle-sized, globular ; of a light
bright hydrangea-colour.

7. Hybrid red-fruited Rubiginous Rose.

Shrub, thick, vigorous.

Branches, brown.

Leaves, near together.

Leaflets, seven or nine ; smooth on the upper surface,

hairy underneath, and having fragrant glands on

the mid-rib,

Stipules, large and entire.

Tube of calyx, oval, globular, narrow in the throat.
Flowers, semi-double, middle-sized ; o deep pink, or

light red.

8. White Pompon Rose.

Green-hearted WJiite Pompon.

Green Rose.

Rosa Inermis Albo Sub-viridis.

Branches, unarmed.

Flowerstalk, hispid and glandulous.

286 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

Leaflets, doubly toothed, glandulous at the edges, and

under the nerves.
Tube of calyx, oval, oblong ; with glandulous fragrant

hairs.
Flowers, full, small, white, having a greenish centre ;

not always expanding to advantage.

9. Mezerai.

Branches, unarmed.

Stipules, narrow and subulated.

Leaflets, usually seven; smooth underneath, having

on the under surface a few fragrant pedicellated

glands.

Tube of calyx, smooth.
Flowers, semi-double, middle-sized or small ; of a light

pink, sometimes flesh-coloured.

10. New Redout e Rose.
Branches, sometimes purple at the summit.

Thorns, straight, intermingled with bristles ; in some

parts glandulous.
Stipules, long and subulated.
Leaflets, smooth on both sides ; paler underneath.
Tube of calyx, club-shaped.
Flowers, full, middle-sized ; red, sometimes inclining to

purple.

11. Poniatowski Rose.
Elvira.

Thorns, strong, interspersed with bristles.

Stipules, narrow.

Leaflets, smooth on the upper, glandulous on the under

surface, especially on the mid-rib.
Tube of calyx, oval, fusiform.
Sepals, long, subulated.
Flowers, semi-double, middle-sized, flesh-coloured.

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 287

12. Clementine.
Rose Jay.

Leaflets, slightly pubescent underneath, with curled
divergent toothing.

Tube of calyx, depressed or globular.

Flowers, variegated, semi-double j the petals white in
the centre^, and light red or deep pink at the cir-
cumference.

Fruit, conical, depressed, deep red.

13. Per led Orient.
Bouquet Charmant.
La Bacchus.

La Vineuse.

Thorns, interspersed with bristles.
Flowerstalks, hispid, glandulous.

Flowers, cup-shaped, semi-double, small ; light pink,
inclining to flesh-colour.

14. Anastasia.

Thorns, crooked, thick at the base.

Leaflets, five; rather pubescent, and covered underneath

with fragrant glands.

Tube of calyx, oval-turbinated, hispid, glandulous.
Flowers, full, of a light vivid red-purple.

15. Bur net-leafed Grevery Rose.

Branches, flexile, armed with thorns, of which the

largest are stipular in pairs.
Leaflets, smooth underneath, with single or double

toothing.

Tube of calyx, oval.
Sepals, long, almost simple.
Flowers, semi-double, small, of a bright light pink,

fragrant.

288 THE BOOK OP ROSES.

16. Hybrid Hessian Rose rvith lilac flowers.
Shrub, rather low.

Thorns, straight, interspersed with bristles.

Leaflets, increasing in size as they approach the summit

of the leaf; unevenly, sometimes doubly toothed.
Floral leaves, lanceolated, acuminated.
Tube of calyx, oval-pyriform, rather tightened at the

throat.
Flowers, regular, full, middle-sized or small ; of a light

lilac-pink.

1 7. Hessian Anemone.
Zabeth.

Zabeth BomUfera.
Tube of calyx, oval.

Sepals, foliaceous, three of them bearing appendages.
Flowers, semi-double, middle-sized ; of a light pink ;
hemispherical.

18. Hessian Nikita.
Flowerstalks, very short. t
Tube of calyx, hispid, glandulous.

Flowers, very double, middle-sized ; red or deep pink.

19. Full Dark Hessian Rose.
Thorns, straight and interspersed with bristles.
Leaflets, rounded.

Tube of calyx, oval, hispid at the base.
Flowers, full, small, light pink.

20. Dark, Hessian Rose.

Shrub, vigorous and high.

Thorns, numerous ; interspersed with bristles.

Tube of calyx, oval ; often smooth at the summit.

Sepals, displayed, three of them pinnated.

Flowers, semi-double, middle-sized.

Petals, much sloped, of a vivid lilac-pink.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 289

21. Hessian Full-purple Rose.
Thorns, straight, insterspersed with glandulous thorns.
Leaflets, five or seven, oval, oblong, glaucous under-
neath, and glandulous on the mid-rib.
Tube of calyx, oval, pyriform, smooth at the summit.
Flowers, full, middle-sized ; of a pink purplish lilac.

|

II. Rosa Pulverulenta.
Powdery Rose.
Rosa Prcecox.
Rosa Pruinosa.

Shrub, stiff, not very high.

Thorns, nearly straight, strong ; those of the branch-
lets interspersed with numerous short, uneven,
thorns, having greyish glands.

Leaves, hairy, composed of five or seven leaflets.

Leafstalks, thorny, glandulous.

Leaflets, oval, pointed, rugged, with gelatinous glands
that exhale the same odour as those of the Rosa
rubiginosa.

Flowers, solitary, almost sessile, of a pale red; sur-
rounded by four little horizontal leaves, which
form a sort of ruff round the flowers.

Flowerstalks, slightly pubescent.

Floral leaves, pink.

Tube of calyx, naked, round.

Sepals, displayed, foliaceous ; the divisions straight,
narrow, and numerous.

Fruit, of a light red; smooth, oval, crowned with
glandulous connivent sepals.

Disk, almost obliterated ; forming a round mouth.

Styles, very woolly.

This variety, introduced into England in 1817, was

o

290 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

found by Buberstein on the hills of Caucasus ; as well
as the following, which is to be accounted a sub-variety.

Rose with pointed -Petals.

Rosa Cuspidata.
Sepals, hispid, terminating in a very long, linear, lan-

ceolated point ; toothed.
Flowers, appearing in June.

III. Glutinous Rose.
Rosa Grlutinosa.
Rose of Crete.
Rosa Cretica.

Shrub, low, forming a thick bush.

Branches, strong and numerous.

Branchlets, short, divergent, without down; armed
with close, strong, uneven, curved thorns. The
young branchlets cottonous, with smaller slighter
thorns, aggregate under the stipules.

Leaves, whitish, composed of five or seven leaflets.

Stipules, concave, dilated at the summit ; having glands
only on the edges.

Leafstalks, glandulous, bearing a few small thorns.

Leaflets, flat, rounded, small ; with notchy teeth, sim-
ple, or almost simple, glandulous and viscous on
both sides.

Flowers, solitary, single, small ; pale red.

Flower stalks, thorny, bristly, short, and glutinous.

Fruit, ob-round, scarlet, thorny ; crowned with greyish
connivent simple sepals.

This rose is a native of Sicily and the islands of the
Archipelago. There are but few sub-varieties.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 291

1 . CUmence Isaure.
Rosa Sabina.

Rosa Cretica Sabina.

Shrub, low.

Branches, reddish.

Thorns, crooked, very strong; scattered at the base of
the branches, stipulary in the middle, and oblite-
rated at the summit.

Leaflets, seven or nine; hairy, glandulous, viscous, and
fragrant on both surfaces.

Flowerstalks, united in clusters of from three to seven.

Tube of calyx, oval, bulging at the base, rather hispid.

Flowers, middle-sized, single, pink.

2. Double Glutinous Rose.

Bush, low.

Thorns, numerous, red, uneven, enlarged at the base ;

interspersed with glandulous bristles.
Leaflets, five or nine, rounded, glandulous, viscous, and

odoriferous on the upper and under surfaces.
Flowers, fragrant, semi-double, two inches in diameter

of a light vivid pink.

TENTH TRIBE OF SPECIES III.

Dog Rose.
Rosa Canina.
Eglantine.

SPECIFIC CHARACTERS.

Shrub, very variable in its proportions.
Suckers, the largest bearing thorns.
Branches, having a light green bark, more or less red.
grey, purple, or brown ; almost always thorny.

o 2

292 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

Thorns, even, crooked, usually strong, scattered ; oc-
casionally straight and aggregate under the sti-
pules.

Leaves, composed of three to seven, occasionally nine
or eleven leaflets ; almost always devoid of pu-
bescence ; of a glossy green, sometimes tinged
with purple, sometimes glaucous.

Stipules, usually narrow or very narrow, occasionally
dilated; sometimes subulated and finely edged
with hairs.

Leafstalks, often armed with small thorns, hooked or
curved ; occasionally woolly or cottonous.

Leaflets, oval, sometimes a little lanceolated ; without
glands ; simply and occasionally doubly toothed,
with convergent serrature.

Flowers, solitary j sometimes united two or three toge-
ther, or in multifloral clusters.

Floral leaves, usually narrow, lanceolated, occasionally
oval, or almost obliterated ; sometimes ciliated and
glandulous at the edges.

Flowerstalks, sometimes smooth, sometimes scaly ;' oc-
casionally hairy.

Tube of calyx, oval, naked; occasionally round and
armed, or woolly

Sepals, deciduous, usually simple ; pointed, rather pu-
bescent or woolly at the edges.

Petals, concave, entire or sloped.

Disk, thick, sometimes conical, closing the throat of
the calyx.

Ovaries, or Embryos of the Seed, from fifteen to fifty :
sometimes from twenty to thirty.

Styles, almost naked, detached, salient ; or, very rarely,
enclosed and imitating the columnar form of the
next variety ; but always detached.

Fruit, rounded or oval; sometimes turbinated; often
scarlet, occasionally of a deep purple.

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 293

This variety is found in all the quarters of the

globe.

SYNONYMS.

Rosa Montezumae.
caucasea.
rubrifolia.
jmicrophylla.
sericea.
indica.

Rosa Noisettiana.
semperflorens.
Lawranceana.
chinensis.
moschata.

SECTION I. — ROSES OF EUROPE AND AMERICA.
I. Dog Rose.

Rosa Canina.

Rosa Dumalis.

Rosa Andegavensis.

Rosa Glauca.

Rosa Nitens.

Rosa Senticosa.

Rosa Jlrvensis.

Rosa Glaucescens.

Rosa Teneriffensis.

Rosa Sarculosa.

Rosa Sarmentacea.

Rosa Nuda.

Rosa Glaucophylla.

Rosa Affinis.

Shrub, from six to eight feet high ; sometimes taller.
Branches, light green, tinged with red or brown, to-
wards the sun; armed with thick, strong, almost
even thorns, shaped like a fish-hook ; occasion-
ally straight, in which case near together, and
without bristles.

294 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

Leaves, distant ; composed of five or seven leaflets ; of

a light or dark green, sometimes tinged with red,

without pubescence.

Stipules, dilated ; rather reflexed ; ending in a point.
Leafstalks, bearing a few crooked thorns.
Lea/lets, oval or oblong ; pointed or rounded ; sessile

or almost sessile ; flat or concave ; smooth or wrin-

kled ; with single or double toothing ; without

glands, sharp and convergent.
Flowers, solitary or clustering.
Floral leaves, oval-lanceolated; concave or plane ; sharp,

finely toothed, and glandulous at the extremity.
Flowerstalk, smooth as well as the calyx.
Tube of calyx, oval.
Sepals, deciduous, displayed, pointed ; sometimes pin-

natifid.

Petals, concave, ob-cordiform.
Disk, raised, thick.
Ovules, twenty or thirty.
Styles, detached, almost smooth ; salient or very little

enclosed.
Fruit, oval, oblong ; scarlet, glossy, glaucous or non-

glaucous.
Pericarp, large, irregular.

This variety is found in almost all uncultivated parts
of Europe and the north of Asia. It has the following
botanical sub-varieties.

1. Sharp-leafed Dog-rose.
Rosa Canina Acipliylla.
Shrub, dwarfed.
Leaves, smooth on both sides, much smaller than the

preceding.
Floivers, small ; of a pinkish- white.

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 295

*2. Egyptian Dog-rose.
Rosa Canina ^Egyptiaca.
Rosa Indica.

Leaflets, large, oval, deeply toothed, without pubes-
cence on either surface.
Receptacle, elongated.

3. Mountain Dog-rose.
Rosa Canina Collina.
Rosa Utribellata.
Rosa Fastigiata.
Rosa Plataphylla.
Rosa Psilophylla.
Rosa Solstitialis.

Leaflets, woolly underneath, as well as the leafstalk.
Sepals, and Flowerstalks, hispid.
Disk, conical.

4. Hedge Dog-rose.

Rosa Canina Dumetorum.

Rosa Scepium.

Rosa Leucantha.

Rosa Obtusifolia.

Rosa Leucochroa.

Rosa Stylosa.

Rosa Bractescens.
Leaflets, woolly on both sides.
Sepals, smooth, as well as the flowerstalks.
Flowers, whitish, sometimes pink.

5. Glaucous Dog-rose.
Rosa Canina Ccesia.

Leaflets, glaucous ; hairy on both sides.
Tube of calyx, elliptical.
Flowers, carnation.

296 THE BOOK OP ROSES.

6. Caucasus Dog-rose.
Rosa Canina Caucasea.
Rosa Caucasica.

Leaflets, oval, large, soft.
Ovules, fifty or sixty.
Flowers, in clusters.
Fruit, very large, pulpy.

7. Montezuma Rose.

Rosa Canina Montezumce.
Shrub, with smooth, unarmed branches.
Stipules, fringed with glands.
Leafstalks, cottonous, bearing a few small thorns.
Leaflets, five ; oval-pointed, naked on both sides.
Tube of calyx, elliptical, naked.
Sepals, pinnated ; dilated at the summit.

This sub-variety grows on the mountains near Mex-
ico, and was introduced into France by M. Boursault.

8. Semi-double Dog-rose.
Rosa Canina Semidupla.

Branches, slender, tortuous.

Leaflets, small.

Flowers, semi-double ; of a pale pink, or flesh-colour.

CULTIVATED SUB- VARIETIES.

9. Double Mountain Dog-rose.

Shrub, having slender branches, purple towards the
sun.

Leaflets, obtuse ; nerved, and rather pubescent under-
neath.

Leafstalks, glandulous and pubescent.

Floral leaves, oval-lanceolated.

Flowers, semi-double, middle-sized; of a light pale pink.

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 297

10. Dog-rose of the Hills, with smooth leaves.

Branches, slender and sarmentous.

Leaflets, oval-lanceolated, sharp, pale, and almost

smooth underneath.
Flowers, semi-double, middle-sized, light pink.

11. Quitterie.

Flowerstalks, in clusters of from three to fifteen.

Tube of dmlyx, oval, pear-shaped.

Sepals, three of them bordered with numerous, very

long, curved appendages.
Flowers, semi-double, large ; of a pale flesh-colour.

12. Emmeline.

Dog Rose with emarginate leaves.
Shrub, very thorny, with flexile branches.
Thorns, uneven ; interspersed with glandulous bristles.
Leafstalks, woolly, and glandulous.
Stipules, usually rolled underneath.
Flowers, semi-double, fragrant, middle-sized ; in clusters.
Petals, pure white, bordered on the edges with a stripe
of cherry-colour,

1 3. Scarlet-fruited Eglantine.

Branches, purple and flexile.
Thorns, uneven ; interspersed with bristles.
Leafstalks, purpled.
Leaflets, smooth, oval-lanceolated.
Flowers, in clusters, semi-double, middle-sized ; of a
bright red.

14. Evergreen Jlgatha Rose.
Branches, slender ; vine-like towards the summit.
Leaflets, glossy on the upper surface.

Tube of calyx, bulging at the base ; glaucous at summit.

Flowers, double, small; flesh-coloured.

Styles, short and numerous.

Flower-buds, red. o 3

298 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

15. Petite Mignonne.
Petite Duchesse.
Eglanteria Pumila.

Branches, slight, armed with uneven thorns, inter-
spersed with bristles.

Leafstalks, glandulous, woolly, very thorny.

Leaflets, three or five j woolly underneath, often glan-
dulous on the mid-rib.

Tube of calyx, turbinated.

Flowers, very small, full ; of a pale pink.

II. Glaucous Rose.
Red-leafed Rose.
Rosa Rubrifolia.
Rosa Multiflora.
Rosa Rubricauda.
Rosa Glaucescens.
Rosa Lucida.
Rosa Cinnamomea.

SPECIFIC CHARACTERS.

Shrub, high, with purple or deep-red stem, covered

with glaucous powder.
Thorns, even, small, short, scattered, pale, and crooked :

not larger on the sucker.
Leaves, tinged with red, very glaucous; wrinkled,

opaque ; composed of seven, and occasionally nine

leaflets.

Leaflets, oblong-lane eolated ; simply toothed.
Flowerstalks, smooth.
Flowers, small, single ; deep red.
Disk, very thick.
Fruit, oblong, very pulpy.

This rose is found in the woods of France. Austria.
Switzerland, and Savoy.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 299

Glaucous Rose with semi-double flowers.

Shrub, having narrow leaflets.

Flowers, small, semi-double ; light purple.

SECTION II. — ROSES OF INDIA AND AFRICA.

The only specific character distinguishing the roses
of this section, is the permanence of their flowers and
leaves.

III. Rosa Sericea.
Silky Rose.

SPECIFIC CHARACTERS.

Branches, brown, stiff, erect, growing wrinkled with age.
Thorns, very large, oval, compressed, the point turned

upwards, closest under the stipules.
Leaves, very close together ; silky on the under surface.
Stipules, long, narrow, concave, sharp ; without pubes-

cence, and toothed at the summit.
Leafstalks, naked or rather cottonous, sometimes elon-

gated, unarmed, or having a few straight thorns,

interspersed with bristles.
Leaflets, seven or eleven; plane, oblong, green and

naked on the upper surface, paler underneath ; ob-

tuse, simply and sharply toothed.
Flowers, erect, sometimes drooping, solitary, cup-sha-

ped ; without floral leaves.
Flowerstalk, and Calyx, naked.
Tube of caly~, oval.
Sepals, oval, with a very narrow slightly pubescent

point.
Origin, the valley of Gossan Than, in Nepaul ; sent

over by Dr. Wallich to Sir Joseph Banks.

300 THE BOOK OF

IV. Bengal Rose.
China Rose.
Ever-blowing Rose.
Lawranceana.
Rosa Indica.

SPECIFIC CHARACTERS.

Shrub, often four or five feet high ; sometimes dwarfed,

being two or three inches in height.
Branches, smooth, glossy, devoid of bristles ; almost

always without glands ; having scattered red crook-

ed thorns ; very rarely straight.
Leaves, composed of three or five leaflets; distant,

smooth, elliptical, or oblong ; pointed or acumi-

nated ; sometimes oval-lanceolated ; glossy on the

upper surface ; pale and glaucous on the under, or

tinged with purple ; simply, very rarely doubly

toothed.
Leafstalks, glandulous ; armed underneath with small

crooked thorns.

Stipules, narrow, ciliated, glandulous.
Flower stalks^ usually articulated on the branches,

smooth or glandulous.
Tube of calyx, smooth and glaucous, sometimes glan-

dulous ; bulging at the base, or turbinated, or

pear-shaped.
Sepals, simple or composite, smooth and glandulous ;

deciduous before maturity.
Flowers, sometimes fragrant; solitary, or more com-

monly clustering.
Stamens, irregularly curved upon the pistil during

fecundation.
Styles, detached, from six to one hundred, usually

salient.
Fruit, variable in form.

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 301

A. — TRIBE THE FIRST.

CHINA OR BENGAL ROSES.

Rosa Semperflorens.
Rosa Indica.
Rosa Bengalensis.
Rosa Chinensis.
Rosa Diversifolia.

Shrub, vigorous, with long branches.

Thorns, not numerous ; straight or crooked, the largest
compressed and large at the base.

Leaves, distant ; often reddish or purplish when young.

Leaflets, pale or rather glaucous underneath ; the odd
leaflet largest, the inferior pair much smaller;
toothing usually simple, not often deep ; inclined
and convergent when the leaflets are plane, diver-
gent when undulated.

Flowerstalks, sometimes solitary ; oftener in clusters of
from two to eight, or even more.

Tube of calyx, ob-conical, turbinated, oval or pear-
shaped, the base more or less lengthening into
the flowerstalk.

Sepals, reflexed before expansion ; rising afterwards ;
deciduous before the maturity of the fruit ; having
small appendages.

Flowers, usually middle-sized, erect, almost without
fragrance.

Styles, thready, straight, salient; from twenty to se-
venty-five in number.

Fruit, variable, even on the same tree ; but never de-
pressed.

These roses retain their leaves and yield flowers
throughout the fine weather. They have afforded a
considerable number of sub-varieties.

302 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

I. — WHITE FLOWERS.

1. White Bengal, or China Rose.
Branches, having at the base a few glands or bristles.
Flowers, semi-double ; white, sometimes pale pink, or

flesh-colour.

2. Sarmentous White Bengal,.
Heine Blanche.

Branches, Thorns, and Flowerstalks, of a purple-brown.

Flower-buds, pink.

Flowers, large, semi-double ; white.

3. Glossy -kafed Bengal Rose.
Bengal Lucida.

Shrub, rather delicate, branches slender and green.
Leaflets, green, glossy, narrow.
Calyx, oval-oblong.
Flower-buds, red or pink.

Flowers, middle-sized or small; semi-double, white,
usually tinged with pink.

4. Bengal Talbot Rose.

Shrub, low and delicate.

Branches, short and green.

Flowerstalks, smooth.

Tube of calyx, ovoi'd or ob-conical.

Flower-buds, white.

Flowers, large or middle-sized, double or full ; pure white.

5. Bengal Taglioni.

Branches, pretty numerous, armed with rare short

thorns.

Leaflets, elliptical, serrated.
Flowers, large, in clusters of three or four ; two or three

inches wide, very full; pure white.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 303

6. Bengal Osiris.
Shrub, pretty vigorous ; high.

Branches, slender, armed with long rather crooked
thorns.

Leaflets, dark green, slightly toothed.

Flowers, full, between two and three inches broad, nu-
merous ; of a pretty, pinkish white.

7. Bengal Fonder.

Shrub, vigorous, high.

Branches, slender, armed with long rather crooked

thorns.
Leaflets, oval-elongated, plane, finely and regularly

toothed.
Flowers, three or five on each flowerstalk ; small, very

double, of a pure white, with rumpled petals.

8. Bengal Rose Unique.
Flower-buds, variegated with red.
Flowers, middle-sized, full; white.

9. Belle Traversi.
Bella Donna.

Flowers, large, full ; of a very pure white, sometimes
tinged with flesh-colour.

10. Bar don.

Flowers, large, regular, very full ; white, tinged with
lilac.

11. Lepida.

Flowers, middle-sized, full, regular; of a greenish white.

12. Hardy Bengal Rose.
Flowers, middle-sized, full ; of a fine white.

1 3. White Camellia Bengal Rose.
Flowers, double, large, globular ; pure white.

304 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

14. Rose Etienne.

Flowers, large, double ; greenish white.

15. Bengal Maclovia.

Flowers, full, middle-sized ; of a pure white.

16. Bengal Courtier Rose.

Flowers, double, middle-sized; expanding white, be-
coming red.

1 7. Bengal Astrcea.

Flowers, full, large, very regular ; of a very pure white.

18. Caroline of Brunswick.

Flowers, large, full, globular; white, slightly tinged
with flesh-colour.

1 9. Bengal Sarmentosa.
Reine Blanche.

Flowers, middle-sized, double ; white.

20. Roid'Yvetot.

Flowers, large, double; white, with a bright pink centre.

21. Bengal Lelieur Rose.

Flowers, middle-sized, double ; of a lilac-tinted white.

22. Bengal Nereid.

Flowers, globular, double, of a lilac-white.

23. Bengal Narcissus Rose.
Flowers, large, double, of a yellow-white.

24. Dame Blanche.
Flowers, double, large, pure white.

25. Bengal Undine.

Flowers, small, double or full ; white, slightly tinged
with flesh-colour.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 305

26. Zenobia.

Flowers, large, double ; of a flesh-coloured white.

27. Belle Helene.
Flowers, large, double ; white.

28. Celestine.

Flowers, middle-sized, Ml, regular ; of a very pure white.

II. — YELLOWISH FLOWERS.

1 . Sulphur Bengal Rose.

Flowers, double; pale yellow, having the same size
and form as the Tea rose.

2. Pauline Borghese.

Flowers, full, middle-sized, fragrant ; flesh-colour, in-
clining to nankeen.

3. La Chinoise.

Flowers, middle-sized, double ; flesh-tinted yellow.

4. Bengal Flowers of Sulphur Rose.
Flowers, large, double ; a brimstone yellow.

III. — GREY FLOWERS.

1 . Denorfs Bengal Rose.
Flowers, very full, middle-sized; of an ash-coloured lilac.

2. Bengal Rosa Suaveolens.

Flowers, large, full, very fragrant; drab-coloured or
flaxen.

3. Rose Orison.

Flowers, large, double, globular ; flax-coloured.

4. Bengal Racine Rose.

Flowers, full, middle-sized, regular ; drab-coloured.

306 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

5. Bengal AcantJice.
Flowers, full, small, globular ; flax-coloured.

IV. — PINK OR FLESH-COLOURED FLOWERS.

1. Common China, or Bengal Rose.

Shrub, vigorous.

Branches, thick and green.

Tube of calyx, oval, smooth, glaucous, rather strangled

at the summit.
Flowers, large or middle-sized j semi-double ; of an

uncertain pink.
Styles, very salient.

2. Camellia Bengal Rose.
Leaflets, thick.

Tube of calyx, ovoid.

Flowers, semi-double, middle-sized ; of a pale pink,

sometimes deepening to cherry-colour.
Petals, large, flat, thick.

3. Bengal Molibre.

Shrub, differing only from the common Bengal, in
flowers of a more vivid pink.

4. Bigottini.

Branches, slenderer than the common Bengal ; tinged

with purple.
Flowers, very double ; of a lilac-tinted flesh-colour,

inclining to grey.
Petals, having their lateral edges a little curled.

5. Bengal Lilac-pink Rose.
Tube of calyx, ovoi'd.

Flowers, double, middle-sized, hemispherical ; of a pale
lilac.

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 307

6. Bengal Autumnal Pompon.
Branches, fastigiated, or in rods.

Flowers, double or full ; flesh-coloured or pale lilac.

7. Willow-leafed Bengal Rose.
Peach-leafed Bengal Rose.

Leaflets, very narrow, lanceolated.
Tube of calyx, ovoid.

Flowers, semi-double or double, small ; pink, with nar-
row irregularly placed petals.

8. Bengal Pceony Rose.

Shrub, very vigorous ; armed with red thorns.
Leaflets, very large.
Flowers, very large ; pink.

Fruit, pear-shaped ; of a singular appearance, the size
of a large walnut.

9. Jane Shore.

Shrub, puny ; bark glossy.

Branches, usually thornless ; reddish when young.

Leaflets, three or five ; small, oblong, irregularly tooth-
ed, glossy.

Flowers, full, middle-sized, well formed, disposed in
clusters.

Petals, white, slightly tinged with pink; close and
curling inwards.

10. JVicetas.

Shrub, vigorous, with erect branches.

Bark, of a light glossy green.

Thorns, straight, dilated at the base, irregularly placed.

Lea/lets, three or five ; oval, small ; the toothing red-
dish and sloping.

Flowers, very double, middle-sized ; perfectly well
formed, in clusters.

308 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

Petals, of a vivid pink ; neatly arranged in the cen-
tre, reflexed at the circumference.

1 1 . Bengal Marguerite.
Shrub, vigorous, with spreading
Branches, reddish when young.

Thorns, very strong; even, straight, dilated at their
base.

Leaflets, five in number ; oblong, pointed, glossy, irre-
gularly toothed.

Flowers, numerous, large, double ; of a light pink.

12. The Etna.

Flowers, middle-sized, very full ; of a pink, becoming

flame-coloured.
Flower-buds, purple-black.
Petals, thick.

13. Bengal Splendens.
Brilliant Bengal Rose.

Branches, erect.

Tube of calyx, oblong, oval, fusiform.
Flowers, middle-sized, cup-shaped, semi-double ; of a
light pink.

14. Vesuvius Bengal Rose.

Flowers, double, large ; pink, turning to flame-
colour.

Tube of calyx, long, narrow, claviform, merging in the
flowerstalk.

15. Bella J^illaresi.
Branches, erect.

Tube of calyx, ob-conical or turbinated; very short,
sometimes angular at the base.

Flowers, full, middle-sized, semi-globular; of a pur-
plish red or light purple.

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 309

16. Philemon.
Flowerstalks, erect.

Tube of calyx, ovoid and oblong.

Flowers, almost full, middle-sized, hemispherical, of a
purplish pink, or light lilac-pink.

1 7. Princess Charlotte.

Flowers, largt, double ; vivid flesh-colour ; fragrant.

18. Elvinia.

Flowers, middle-sized, double ; flesh-coloured.

19. Elvira.

Flowers, middle-sized, double ; pink, having the scent
of Pekoe tea.

20. Bengal Animating Rose.
Mock Red Tea Rose.

Branches, often long; in which case bearing leaves

with seven leaflets.
Flowerstalks, hispid, glandulous.
Tube of calyx, smooth, bulging at the base, narrow.

and long-throated.
Flowers, full, middle-sized, fragrant; of a purple-red

or pale lilac ; often irregular.

2 1 . Lady Balcombe.
Flowers, large, double ; pale pink.

22. Chariclea.

Flowers, double, large ; vivid flesh-colour.

23. Duchess of Lavalliere.

Flowers, double, large ; flesh-coloured, fragrant.

24. Ishmael.

Flowers, full, large ; of a lilac-pink.

310 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

25. Pallamcini.

Flowers, middle-sized, double ; of a lilac-pink.

26. Belle Gabrielle.

Flowers, large, double ; of a flesh-coloured pink.

27. Bengal Hundred-leaved Rose.
Full-flowered Bengal.

Flowers, middle-sized, hemispherical, almost full ; va-
rying from lilac-pink to light claret.

28. Lebrun.

Flowers, full, middle-sized, with curling petals ; deep
pink.

29. Nathalie.

Flowers, full, middle-sized ; of a bright cherry-colour.

30. Bengal Nini.

Flowers, middle-sized, full, fragrant ; of a lilac-pink.

31. Zoster ia.

Flowers, beautiful ; middle-sized, double ; of a pink,
lightly shaded with violet.

32. Large-leafed Bengal Rose.
Shrub, vigorous.

Branches, straight and glaucous.

Thorns, numerous, lilac, large at the base, crooked.

Leaflets, long, plane, a little toothed, very large ; dark
green.

Flowers, united in clusters of three or five, in terminal
bouquets ; of a pale pink in expanding, then car-
mine, at last deep purple.

33. Bengal Pink Pompon.
Flowers, small, double ; pink.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 3ll

34. Pink Anemone Bengal Rose.
Flowers, double, middle-sized ; pink, regular, the shape

of an anemone.

35. Malmort.

Flowers, double, large ; of a pale flesh-colour ; fragrant.

36. Mary Stuart.

Flowers, full, middle-sized, fragrant ; of a bright pink
without, flesh-coloured within.

37. Tea-scented Rose.
Sweet-scented China Rose.

Flowers, large, full ; of a bright flesh-colour, very fra-
grant.

38. Bengal Klein Rose.

Flowers, full, middle-sized, globular; of a vivid red-
purple.

39. Bisson Rose, (from Angers.)
Shrub, vigorous ; yielding many flowers.

Thorns, numerous, uneven, not very crooked, glaucous.
Leafstalks, thorny.

Leaflets, five or seven ; lanceolated, glaucous under-
neath, with small regular toothing.
Flowers, middle-sized, double ; of a pale flesh-colour.

40. Anna.

Flowers, small, full, globular ; of a carmine-pink.

41. Isabella.

Flowers, double, middle-sized ; bright flesh-colour.

42. Maria Fournier.

Flowers, middle-sized, double ; of a bright flesh-colour.

312 THE BOOK OP ROSES.

43. Bengal Nicetas.
Shrub, pretty vigorous.

Branches, armed with a few thorns, almost straight.
Leaflets, glaucous, deeply toothed.
Flowers, in terminal clusters of five or six; middle-
sized, very full, of a brilliant violet-tinted pink.

44. Bengal Socrates.

Shrub, vigorous, branches not very thorny.
Leaflets, glaucous, oval, and deeply toothed.
Flowers, in terminal clusters of eight or ten ; middle
sized, very double ; of a brilliant pink.

45. Aphrodite.

Flowers, middle-sized, full ; of a lilac-tinged flesh-
colour.

46. Melina.
Shrub, very floriferous.

Flowers, small, very full ; of a deep flesh-colour.

47. Zclia.

Flowers, middle-sized, double ; of a deep pink, turning
to red.

48. Clara.

Flowers, double, middle-sized ; of a pale carmine.

49. Emilina.

Flowers, middle-sized, full, flat ; of a vivid pink.

50. Romelia.

Flowers, full, small, regular ; of a delicate pink.

51. Dahlia Bengal Rose.

Flowers, pink, middle-sized, double; with elongated
petals, resembling the form of a dahlia.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 313

52. Anne of Brittany,

Flowers, double, middle-sized ; of a vivid pink.

53. Belle Hebe.

Flowers, double, middle-sized ; of a bright pink at the
circumference, flesh-colour in the centre.

54. Clarissa.

Flowers, midtdle-sized, full ; of a flesh-coloured pink.

55. Paola.

Flowers, full, middle-sized ; of a lilac -pink, with undu-
lated petals.

56. Cupid Rose.
Noisette's Cupidon.

Branches, short, slender, purple on the side towards

the sun.

Leaflets, three or seven.

Flowerstalks, glandulous, in multifloral clusters.
Tube of calyx, oval, pear-shaped, or turbinated.
Flowers, double, small; of a lilac-pink, or light purple.
Petals, narrow and spatulated ; sometimes of a light

lilac.

57. La Beautc.

Flowers, middle-sized. Ml ; of a pale flesh-colour.

V.— LILAC, OR LIGHT PURPLE, OR VIOLET-TINTED
FLOWERS.

1. Starry Rose.
Shrub, vigorous.

Thorns, purple, crooked, dilated at the base.
Leaflets, oval-elliptic ; serrated at the edge.
Flowers, of a fine red-violet, very full.
Petals, acuminated at the summit ; diminishing gra-
dually in size from the circumference to the centre.

P

314 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

2. Darius.

Tube of calyx, ob-conical, oblong, rather gibbous on

one side at the base.
Flowers, large or middle-sized, very double; light

violet or lilac ; fragrant.

3. Bengal Light Purple.

Branches, erect, tinged with purple when young.
Tube of calyx, having a few glan^ulous bristles.
Sepals, terminating in long linear-lane eolated appen-
dages.

Flowers, semi-double, middle-sized, of a light red-
purple.

4. Lord Byron.

Flowers, large, very full; having the form of the
Hundred-leaved ; of a pale lilac.

5. King of Saxony.

Flowers, very full, middle-sized, of a deep lilac.

6. Rose Telson.

Flowers, full, double, pale violet ; scented like the Tea
rose.

7. Bengal Dido.
Flowers, small, full, light lilac.

8. Themis.

Flowers, middle-sized, very full; pale lilac, scented
like the Tea rose.

9. Jacquin Rose.

Flowers, full, middle-sized, globular, regular; light
purple.

10. La Charmante.
Flowers, large, mil, deep lilac.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 315

1 1 . Banse Rose.
Flowers, large, full, deep lilac.

12. Beauty of Monza.
Bengal Rose of Florence.

Branches, erect.

Tube of calyx, smooth, oval-turbinated.
Flowers, almost full, middle-sized ; of a very pale pur-
ple, often marbled with a deeper shade.
Petals, those of the centre, narrow and wrinkled.

This beautiful rose is one of more than twenty va-
rieties of the Bengal or China rose created by Signor
Villaresi, superintendent of the Archducal gardens at
Monza, in the Milanese.

1 3. Bengal Juno.

Branches, usually glandulous.

Tube of calyx, narrow.

Flowers, double, middle-sized, cup-shaped ; of a bright
red-purple or amaranth ; the petals usually cordi-
form with a point between the lobes. Those of
the centre striped with white.

Styles, from fifteen to thirty.

14. Rose Devaux.
Flowers, middle-sized, double ; lilac.

15. Amphitrite.

Flowers, middle-sized, full ; of a pale violet.

16. Colbert.

Flowers, double ; of a purplish red.

17. L'Argentce.

Flowers, double, middle-sized ; of a light violet.

p 2

316 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

18. Bengal Ternaux Rose.
Bengal Pine-apple Rose.

Leaflets, varying in size, according to climate, culture,

and soil.

Tube of calyx, gibbous.
Flowers, double, middle-sized ; light purple, or vivid

amaranth.
Styles, red.

1.9. Fenelon.
Flowers, middle-sized, double, globular, of a red violet.

20. Berenice.

Flowers, small, very full, globular ; pale lilac.

21. Salicetti.

Flowers, middle-sized, double, of a light purple.

22. Miss Compton.

Flowers, small, double, regular ; of a light violet, or
pale lilac-pink.

VI. — FLOWERS OF A MORE OR LESS VIVID RED.

1. Brilliant Bengal Rose.
Flower-buds, of a purple-black.
Tube of calyx, fusiform, elongated.
Flowers, of a vivid crimson, sometimes pink.
Styles, non salient.

2. Belle de Plaisance.

Bengal Crimson Hundred-leaved.
Pineapple-scented Bengal.

Branches, glandulous at the base.
Leaflets, undulated at the edge, deeply & sharply toothed.
Flowerstalks, glandulous, often thickened at the summit.
Flowers, large or middle-sized, full, very fragrant ; of
a deep dark crimson, bordered with dark purple.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 317

3. Cameleon.

Shrub, very vigorous, stems stout, with glossy bark.
Thorns, not numerous, reddish.
Lea/lets, three or five ; large, thick, glossy.
Flowery, small, double, clustering ; pale pink, turning
to deep crimson some hours after expansion.

4. Vhe Coquette.
Flowers, full, small ; of a vivid red.

5. L'Ecossaise.

Flowers, small, full ; of a purple red.

6. Botzaris.

Flowers, middle-sized, double, globular ; bright red.

7. Fleur de Venus.

Flowers, middle-sized, full, regular, globular ; pale
carmine.

8. Olympia.

Flowers, large, full ; of a vivid purpled crimson.

9. The Ruby.

Flowers, small, semi-double, of a vivid red.

10. Brilliant Carmine Rose.
Flowers, middle-sized, double, bright red.

11. Zoe.

Flowers, large, dark red ; exhaling the scent of violets.

12. Red Camellia Rose.
Flowers, large, double, regular, red.

13. Lully.

Shrub, very floriferous.
Flowers, full, small, vivid red.

318 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

14. Elia.

Flowers, middle-sized, double, globular ; dark red. .

15. Laffay's Rose.

Flowers, full, middle-sized, of a cherry-coloured red.

16. Rose Vcndier.

Flowers, middle-sized, semi-double, of a fine amaranth.

17. Rose Lemercier.

Flowers, middle-sized, double, globular j dark carmine.

18. Flavia.

Flowers, middle-sized, double, of a light cherry-colour.

19. Triumphant Bengal Rose.
Shrub, very vigorous ; with straight branches.
Leaflets, ob-round, deeply toothed.

Flowers, very large, full, spherical ; of a deep carmine
in spring, of a purplish pink in autumn.

Said to be a native of Italy.
VII. — CRIMSON OR PURPLE-BLACK FLOWERS.

1 . Bengal Purple-black Rose.
Exuberant China Rose.
Rosa Jltropurpurea.
Rosa Jltronigra.

Branches, glandulous at their base.

Tube of calyx, rather glandulous at its base.

Flowers, middle-sized or small ; of a purple-black.

2. Bengal Hermit's Rose.
Ermite de Grandval.
China Rose of Rennes.

Leaflets, oval, often cordiform at the base.
Flowers, large or middle-sized, scentless, very full; crim-
son or of a vivid amaranth ; not always expanding.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 319

3. Colocotroni.

Shrub, very vigorous ; bark light green, having dark
spots.

Branches, divergent.

Thorns, scattered, dark brown, much dilated at the
base and not much bent ; young wood, reddish.

Leaflets, five, oval, pointed ; with sharp irregular
toothing.

Flowers, middle- sized, full, very regular ; springing
several together on the same branchlet.

Petals, of a fine deep violet, turning sometimes to cla-
ret-colour ; very close, irregularly incised.

4. Petit Ermite.

Flowers, small, very full ; of a crimson-purple.

5. Black Bengal Rose.
Bengal Dark Purple.

Flowers, full, small, deep crimson.

6. Emilie Levert.

Flowers, small, double ; of a deep crimson.

7. Bengales Ignescens.

Flowers, large, double, of a fiery crimson ; velvety.

8. Crimson Anemone Rose.
Flowers, small, double, vivid crimson.

9. Bengal Crimson Pompon.

Flowers, small, full, regular, of a vivid crimson.

10. Purple Rose of Lelieur.
Flowers, middle-sized, double ; of a purple-violet.

1 1 . The Amaranth.
Flowers, middle-sized, full, red-purple.

320 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

12. Bengal Fabvier Rose.

Flowers, double, middle-sized, of a fiery crimson;
velvety.

13. Fiery Crimson Rose.
Flowers, double, vivid crimson.

14. Turenne.

Flowers, small, full ; dark violet.

15. Due de Bourdeaux.

Flowers, middle-sized, full ; of a fiery crimson ; vel-
vety.

16. Black Ranunculus.

Flowers, blowing in succession ; of a violet-black ; re-
sembling in form a ranunculus.

VIII. — MARBLED, SPOTTED, OR VARIEGATED FLOWERS.

1 . Duchess of Parma.

Branches, erect.
Tube of calyx, smooth.
Sepals, short and simple.

Flowers, middle-sized, semi-double ; of a light red,
veined and streaked with violet-purple.

2. Spotted Bengal Rose.

Flowers, double, large ; of a pale pink, spotted with
deep red.

3. Petit Triomphe.

Flowers, small, full ; crimson, marbled with a deeper
colour.

4. Admiral de Rigny.
Flowers, large, full ; of a streaky red.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 321

o. Alphonsine.

Flowers, middle-sized, full, globular, regular ; of a
light carmine, edged with white.

6. Judicelli.

Flowers, semi-double ; of a pale purple, striped with
white.

7. The Fragrant,
L' Odor ante.

Branches, striped with green and yellow, as well as
the fruit.

Flowers, middle-sized, double, very fragrant ; claret-
colour, streaked with yellow.

8. Aline.

Flowers, semi-double ; of a brilliant purple at the cir-
cumference, white in the centre.

9. Zephyr.

Shrub, pretty vigorous.

Thorns, scattered, almost straight.

Leaflets, toothed, acuminated ; of a fine green.

Flowers, double or semi-double, well formed.

Petals, white from the base to the centre of their ex-
panse, and of a bright pink from the centre to the
summit ; some are pink underneath, some quite
white.

IX. — HYBRID BENGAL ROSES.

These roses blow but once a-year. Their branches
are usually long, straight, and sometimes sarmentous ;
they have five or seven leaflets. The styles are de-
tached, and the calyxinal tube varies considerably.

A. — PINK FLOWERS.

p 3

322 THE BOOK OF ROSES,

1. Bdbilina.

Stems, vertical, slight.

Thorns, numerous, red on the young shoots ; uneven,

dilated at the base, thick, and almost straight.
Leaflets, detached, oblong, with sloping, irregular

toothing.

Flower stalks, hispid, glandulous.
Tube of calyx, smooth.
Flowers, full, middle-sized, regular ; of a lilac-pink, in

clusters.

2. Chenier.

Flower stalks, hispid, glandulous.

Tube of calyx, smooth.

Flowers, middle-sized, regular, full ; of a bright pink.

3. Cormsart*

Tube of calyx, turbinated or pyriform ; smooth, and

very short.
Flowers, middle-sized, very full ; pink, with pale edges.

4. Gracilis.

Shrub, very vigorous.

Stems, thick and straight, bark smooth.

Thorns, even, a little bent, long, compressed at the base.

Leaves, distant.

Leaflets, large and oval, deeply and widely serrated.

Flowers, numerous, middle-sized, very double, often

solitary, sometimes two together ; of a beautiful

vivid pink.

5. Deldborde.

Flowerstalks, hispid, glandulous.
Tube of calyx, smooth.
Flower-buds, of a brownish red.
Flowers, full, middle-sized ; pale pink .

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 323

6. Desaix.

Branches, slender.

Lea/lets, five or seven ; undulated, curled on the edges.

Flowerstalks, glandulous.

Tube of calyx, smooth, very short.

Flowers, small or middle-sized, full ; light pink.

7. Duboccage.
Shrub, vigorous.

Tube of calyx, smooth at the summit.
Sepals, short, often pinnatifid.
Flower-buds, marbled with red.

Flowers, full, regular, middle-sized, often fragrant ; of
a light uniform pink.

8. Duroc.

Flowerstalks, glandulous.

Tube of calyx, smooth, very short, sometimes obliterated.

Flower-buds, dark red.

Flowers, full, middle-sized ; lilac pink.

9. Euphroisine.

Tube of calyx, very short, smooth.
Flowers, large or middle-sized, regular, very full ; of a
light pink.

10. Gabriel.

Shrub, very vigorous.
Tube of calyx, often obliterated.
Flowerstalks, long and erect.

Flowers, full, large, regular ; of a pale pink or flesh-
colour in the centre, paler at the circumference.

1 1 . Jenner Rose.

Shrub, very floriferous, with short branches.
Tube of calyx, very short, smooth at the summit.
Flowers, middle-sized, full, hemispherical, fragrant ; of
a pale pink ; the external petals reflexed.

324 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

12. The Georgian Rose.
Bengal Formidable.

Branches, long and slender.
Tube of calyx, smooth.

Flowers, large or middle-sized, regular, very full ; of a
lilac-pink.

13. La Rochefoucault Liancourt.
Tube of calyx, turbinated, ob-conical.

Flowers, middle-sized, full ; of a vivid cherry-colour.

14. Lucretia.

Tube of calyx, short and smooth.
Flowers, full, middle-sized, regular ; of a light bright
pink.

15. Mdbly.
Shrub, very floriferous.

Flowerstalks, glandulous, as well as the base of the

tube of the calyx.
Flowers, small ; of a deep lilac-pink.

16. Hose Leroux.

Flowers, very large, well formed, very double ; of a
lilac-pink ; petals of the centre crumpled.

17. Melanie.

Shrub, having slender spreading branches.

Leaves, distant.

Leaflets, narrow.

Flowers, small, full ; of a bright pink.

18. Plotine.

Elegant full-flowered Bengal.

Branches, slender.
Leaflets, much curled.

Flowers, regular, small, very full ; of a light lilac-pink,
not always expanding favourably.

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 325

19. Pyrolle.
Flowerstalks, glandulous.

Tube of calyx, very short or obliterated.
Flowers, full, middle-sized ; pink.

20. Pink Ranunculus Bengal Rose.
Tube of calyx, smooth.

Flowers, middle-sized or small, almost full ; of a slate-
coloured pink, sometimes light pink.

2 1 . King of the Hybrids.
Tube of calyx, smooth and very short.

Flowers, very full, middle-sized; of a light or pale
pink ; in multifloral clusters.

22. Rosa Nora.

Branches, slender, almost thornless.
Tube of calyx, globular, usually smooth.
Flowers, middle-sized, numerous, almost full, fragrant;
pale pink.

23. Roxalana.
Elegant Bengal Rose.

Shrub, very floriferous.
Branches, slender and vine-like.

Flowers, small, cup-shaped, double ; pink, the interior
petals often marked with a white line.

24. Arethusa.

Shrub, a creeper, like the preceding variety.
Flowers, small, double ; of a delicate pink.

25. Rose Ritay.

Flowers, middle-sized, full, regular ; pink.

26. Davoust.
Shrub, very thorny.

Flowers, small, middle-sized, very double ; pale pink.

326 -THE BOOK OP ROSES.

27. Beranger.
Shrub, very floriferous.

Flowers, small, full ; of a carmine-pink.

28. Marie de G our sac.

Shrub, ramiferous, three or four feet high.
Thorns, almost straight, short and bent.
Leaflets, oval-lanceolated, notched.
Flowers, in clusters of seven or nine ; full, fragrant ;
bright pink.

29. Delatour.

Shrub, very vigorous, with numerous branches, slender
and tinged with purple; armed with numerous
thorns; of a red hue.

Lea/lets, five in number, whitish underneath.

Flowers, large, well formed, double ; of a delicate red,
in clusters of five or seven.

30. Delacroix.

Shrub, bushy, with straight branches.

Leaves, smooth.

Lea/lets, long, and slightly toothed.

Flowers, middle-sized, very double ; deep pink.

31. Comtesse de Coutard.

Shrub, very vigorous, branches not numerous, very

thorny.

Flowerstalks, short, in clusters of five or seven.
Flowers, very double, large ; of a pretty pink.

32. Hybrid Bengal with the flower of the Juno.
Flowers, small, double, pink.

33. Hybrid Pink-blossomed Bengal.
Flowers, extremely beautiful, having the form, size,

and colour of the Hundred-leaved.

34. L' Astrolabe.

Flowers, small, full, regular ; of a bright pink.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 327

35. Rose Coutard.

Flowers, large, double ; of a lilac-pink.

36. Pink Camellia Bengal Rose.
Flowers, middle-sized, full, regular ; of a bright pink.

37. Coupe d' Amour.

Flowers, middle-sized, full, cup-shaped ; pale pink.

38. Eliza Penning.

Flowers, small, full ; of a flesh-coloured pink.

B. — WHITE FLOWERS.

Triumph of Laffay.

Flowers, large, full, regular ; of a greenish white, turn-
ing to pure white.

C. — FLESH-COLOURED OR LILAC FLOWERS.

1 . Triumph of Guerin.
Shrub, very vigorous.

Branches, pale green, armed with a few thorns.
Flowers, very large, full, regular, fragrant ; of a bright
flesh-colour.

2. Three-floroering Rose.

Branches, slender and vine-like, armed with yellowish

thorns.

Leaflets, distant, half-closed.
Flowers, double ; flesh-coloured pink ; expanding among

the earliest roses.

3. Rbser Rose.

Shrub, vigorous, with erect branches.
Thorns, small, fine, straight, uneven, purplish.
Lea/lets, five or seven, near together ; oblong or lance-

olated ; irregularly toothed.
Flowers, large, numerous, well formed ; flesh-coloured,

slightly tinged with lilac.

328 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

4. Desfosses.
Shrub, pretty vigorous.

Tube of calyx, short, turbinated.
Flower-buds, short, red.
Flowers, full, small, regular ; flesh-coloured.
Leaflets, mid-rib rather hairy and glandulous under-
neath.

5. Bur din.

Stems, erect.

Thorns, rare, reddish, rather crooked.

Leaflets, five in number, elongated, glossy, light green

on the upper surface, glaucous underneath.
Flowers, very double, very regular ; of a violet-lilac ;

exhaling a very singular smell.

6. Duchess of Montebello.
Tube of calyx, smooth, oval or globular.
Flowers, full, middle-sized ; flesh-coloured.

7. Rosa Indica Major.
Sempervirens of Italy.

Branches, slender and creeping.
Leaves, very glossy, remaining long on the tree.
Styles, detached.

Flowers, middle-sized, very double ; flesh-colour, sha-
ded with pink.

8. Parny.

Tube of calyx, glandulous, oval-turbinated.
Flowers, large or middle-sized, regular, full ; of a light
uniform lilac.

9. Bengal Anemone Rose.
Rosa Reversa Indica.

Branches, slender and sarmentous.

Flowers, middle-sized, full, globular ; dark lilac.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 329

10. Calypso.
Florida.

Branches, slender and sarmentous.
Flowers, very large, full ; flesh-coloured at the circum-
ference, red in the centre.

1 1 . Francoise de Foix.

>

Flowers, middle-sized, full ; of a pale flesh -colour.

12. Rosine Dupont.

Branches, straight, of a fine green.

TVkorat, short, thick, almost straight; not numerous.

Leaflets, five or seven ; oval, rather cordiform at the

base, thick and smooth, of a fine green.
Flowers, from one to three together ; middle-sized, very

full, well formed, rather convex ; white, rather

flesh-coloured at the edges, and tinged with violet

in the centre.

1 3. Baronne de Ores sac.
Flowers, small, full ; pale flesh-colour.

14. Adsire.

Flowers, middle-sized, full, regular ; of a pale flesh-
colour.

15. Flesh-coloured Bengal Pompon.

Flowers, small, full, regular; of a pinkish flesh-
colour.

16. Volney.

Flowers, middle-sized, full, globular, regular; lilac-
tinged flesh-colour.

17. La Pudeur.

Fhwers, small, full, flat, regular; pale flesh-colour.

330 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

18. Karaiskaki Bengal Rose.

Stems, erect, bark glossy.

Thorns, lilac, uneven, almost straight, irregularly placed.
Leaflets, five ; lanceolated, pale green, simply toothed.
Flowers, large, very full, cup-shaped.
Petals, pale lilac at the circumference, deep red in
the centre.

19. Heraclius.

Shrub, very vigorous with divergent branches.

Leaflets, pale green, rather glossy, deeply and irregu-
larly toothed.

Flowers, very numerous, not always expanding to ad-
vantage ; flesh-coloured, inclining to pink.

Petals, curled and rumpled; close-set in the centre,
sometimes rounded at the summit.

20. Flesh-coloured Camuzet.

Shrub, pretty vigorous, with green bark ; thorns red

and numerous.

Lea/lets, five in number, of a long oval.
Flowers, large, double, convex, well formed, fragrant ;

flesh-coloured, or pale pink.

D. — FLOWERS OF A RED MORE OR LESS VIVID.

1. Alphonse Maille, (of Boutigny.)
Tube of calyx, smooth, oval-turbinated.

Flowers, small, full, regular, convex ; of a bright red,
or light uniform pink.

AlpJionse Maille, (ofLaffay.)
Flowers, of a deep crimson.

2. Bizarre Incomparable.

Flower stalks, in multifloral clusters.
Flowers, semi-double, middle-sized, velvety ; of a bright
red-purple.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 331

3. Hybrid of the Luxembourg.
Tube of calyx, short, smooth, oval-pyriform.
Flowers, full, small, regular ; of a red-purple, the edges

of a darker purple.

4. The African,
Boulotte.

L& Spdndonck.
Duke of Wellington.

Branches, pretty thick.
Thorns, mingled with glandulous bristles.
Flowerstalks, usually glandulous below the floral leaves.
Flowers, middle-sized, very double, demi-globular ; of
a red-purple, shaded with dark purple.

5. Bizarre China Rose.
Branches, less stout than in the preceding.
Flowerstalks, smooth below the floral leaves.
Tube of calyx, smooth, oval, pear-shaped.
Leaflets, smaller and more pointed.

Sepals, the appendages shorter, and less divergent.
Flowers, middle-sized or small ; very double, regular,

hemispherical ; of a light red-purple, shaded with

dark purple.

6. Hybrid with Crimson Flowers.
Tube of calyx, oval, long and narrow in the throat.
Flowers, semi-double, large, of a bright crimson.

7. Zulma.
Bengal Descemet.

Tube of calyx, smooth.
Flowerstalks, hispid and glandulous.
Sepals, glandulous.

Flowers, middle-sized or small, very double ; of a light
red-purple, turning to pale violet.

332 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

8. Titus.

Flowers, middle-sized, full, globular ; red-purple.

9. Beaute J^ive.

Flowers, middle-sized, fall, globular j of a lacquer-red,
with undulated petals.

10. Keratry.

Shrub, very vigorous.

Branches, tinged with purple, straight ; armed with

numerous thorns, near together, and dilated at

the base.

11. Rose Gamier.

Flowers, small, full, globular ; of a light red.

12. Atlialin.

Shrub, having divergent branches.

Thorns, not numerous, uneven, almost straight.

Leafstalks, glandulous.

Leaflets, three or five ; oval, of a light, rather glossy

green ; widely and irregularly toothed.
Flowers, large, full, regular ; of a vivid cherry-colour.

13. Eynord.

Flowers, large, full, regular ; bright red.

14. Claire de Ores sac.

Flowers, middle-sized, full ; of a cherry red.

15. Fringed Hybrid Bengal.

Stems, and Branches, straight.

Thorns, short, scattered, very sharp ; brownish.

Leaflets, five in number, oval, thick, smooth, deeply and
sharply toothed.

Flowers, in clusters of from two to five, sometimes so-
litary ; middle-sized, very full ; of a fine red.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 333

16. Itrennus.

Flowers, large, full, globular, vivid red.

17. Purple Ranunculus.

Flowers, middle-sized, regular, globular ; of a red-
purple.

18. Petit Auguste.

Flowers, small, double, beautiful, in numerous clusters ;
of a red-lilac.

19. Comte de Breteuil.

Flowers, large, superb, well formed, very double ;
deep red.

20. Due de Chartres.

Branches, near together ; armed with thorns, reddish
when young, uneven, rather crooked, irregularly
placed.

Leaflets, three or five ; oblong, of a glossy green,
slightly toothed.

Flowers, very double, large, beautiful ; of a vivid bril-
liant red.

21. Chateaubriand.

Shrub, vigorous, four or five feet high.
Stems, clothed with numerous crooked thorns.
Lea/lets, seven in number, lanceolated ; of a bright

green.
Flowers, large, numerous, in multifloral clusters ; bright

red.
Petals, sloped, and striped with a white line.

22. La Bonne Genevieve.

Flowers, large, very beautiful, very double ; of a dark
vivid red ; violet at the circumference, having in
the centre a green bud.

334 THE BOOK OP ROSES.

E. — PURPLE FLOWERS.

1 . General Delaage.

Branches, slender.

Tube of calyx, very short, smooth, turbinated.
Flowers, large or middle-sized, regular, very full ; dark
purple.

2. Duds.

Flowerstalks, glandulous.

Tube of calyx, short, glandulous, turbinated.

Flowers, middle-sized, almost full ; dark violet.

3. Eyries.

Shrub, armed with numerous scythe-shaped thorns.
Flowerstalks, glandulous, hispid below the floral leaves.
Tube of calyx, oval-pyriform.

Flowers, large or middle-sized, and fiill ; of a vivid
purple.

4. Guerin.

Tube of calyx, hemispherical, smooth.
Flowers, small, very full ; of a deep violet.

5. La Nubienne.

Tube of calyx, small, glandulous, turbinated.
Flowers, full, convex, regular ; of a slate-coloured pur-
ple, often dark.

6. Maubach.

Tube of calyx> smooth, oval-pyriform.
Flowers, full, middle-sized, regular ; of a black-purple,
vivid and brilliant.

7. Miaulis.

Tube of calyx, smooth, short, turbinated.
Flowers, middle-sized, very full ; of a slate-coloured
purple.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 335

8. Thorgelia.

Tube of calyx, short, turbinated, rather glandulous.

Flowers, middle-sized, full ; of a deep violet, sometimes
of a deep red when the shrub is in a sickly con-
dition.

9. Hose Fiber*.
Queen of Hybrids.

Branches, straight, spreading.
Tube of calyx, short, turbinated or hemispherical.
Flowers, middle-sized, regular, and full; of a uniform
purple.

10. Jlmadis.
Branches, long and sarmentous.

Flowers, large, double; of a velvety purple, marbled
with bright red.

11. General Thiard.

Flowers, small, full, regular ; of a dark blueish-purple.

12. Rose Courcelles.

Flowers, middle-sized, full, of a dark violet

13. Sebastiani.

Flowers, large, double ; of a deep purple, marbled with
flame-colour.

14. Chewier.

Shrub, small, not vigorous.

Stems, straight, armed with very small thorns, crooked
and uneven.

Leafstalks, unarmed.

Leaflets, near together ; some oval, some oblong, regu-
larly toothed.

Flowers, small, full, regular; of a purple-black.

336 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

1 5. Marbled Ranunculus.

Flowers, small, full ; of a light purple, marbled with
red.

16. Victor de Tracy.

Flowers, large, full, globular; of a deep purple, marbled.

1 7. La Philippine.

Flowers, middle-sized, double, velvety ; of a deep
purple.

18. Nero.

Flowers, middle-sized, full ; of a deep purple.

19. La Savannaise.

Flowers, large, full ; of a deep red-purple.

20. Triumph of Jlnyers.

Shrub, having diffuse branches ; armed with small

slight thorns.

Leaves, of a delicate green.
Flowers, very large, full, spherical ; of a vivid purple,

velvety, shaded with violet.

21. Camuzet Major.

Shrub, pretty vigorous ; having green branches, armed
with numerous, uneven, reddish thorns.

Leaves, of a rather dark green.

Flowers, large, very double, convex, well made ; of a
deep purple, with intermediary petals (as regards
the petals between the centre and the circumfe-
rence) ; of a deep lilac.

22. Simplice.

Flowerstalks, united in clusters, of from three to five.
Flowers, semi-double, having rather the form of an
anemone ; of a lilac-purple.

THE BOOK OF HOSES. 337

F. — VIOLET FLOWERS.

1. Duchess of Regyio.
Devergnies.

Tube of calyx, oval, glandulous, tightened at the throat.
Flowers, middle-sized, full, hemispherical ; of a black-
ish violet, the petals undulated at the edges.

2. Eyimcline.
Shrub, very floriferous.

Flower*, in multinoral clusters, small, semi-double, of
a light uniform violet, on which the numerous
white stamens produce a beautiful effect.
3~. Le Vineux.

Bengal Dieudonne.
Hose Paillard.
Branches, slender.

Flowerstalks, hispid and glandulous.
Tube of calyx, smooth, oval-pyriform.
Flowers, middle-sized, semi-double, of a deep velvety
violet.

4. Violet Velvet Rose.

Differs from the preceding in having its
Thorns, more numerous.

Flowerstalks, the glands more numerous andpedicellated.
Tube of calyx, smaller, glandulous at the base.
Flowers, middle-sized, semi-double, deep velvety violet.

5. Violette de Jacques.
Conquete de Jacques.
Violet Thornless Rose.

Branches, vine-like, flexile, smooth ; with or without

thorns.

Tube of calyx, turbinated, pyriform, smooth.
Flowers, full, middle-sized, regular, convex, velvety ; of

a deep uniform violet.

Q

338 THE BOOK OF ROSES

0

6. Newton.

Flowers, middle-sized, full, globular , of an ash-tinted
lilac.

7. Rose Arnault.

Flowers, middle-sized, full, regular ; of a deep violet.

8. La Haitienne.

Flowers, middle-sized, full, regular; of a black-
crimson.

9. Extra de Gossard.
Violette de Vergny.

Branches, very slender ; of a fine green, as well as the

foliage.
Flowers, middle-sized, very double; of a fine violet

colour ; nearly the same as the Duchess of Reggio.

10. Thurete.

Shrub, vigorous ; branches erect, armed with numerous

thorns.
Leaflets, nine in number, distant, long, slightly toothed;

deep red when young.
Flowers, very double ; of a deep violet.

1 1 . De Moyenna.

Shrub, vigorous ; branches erect, armed with numerous

reddish, compressed thorns.
Leaves, glaucous on the lower surface.
Flowerstalks, united in clusters of seven or nine.
Flowers, very double, of a slate-coloured violet.

12. Marie.

Shrub, pretty vigorous, the branches of a light green.
Leaves, whitish on the lower surface; tinged with

lilac when young.

Flowerstalks, in clusters of five or seven.
Flowers, middle-sized, very double, cup-shaped ; of a

fine violet colour.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 339

13. Belle de Crecy.
Shrub, pretty vigorous.

Branches, slender, armed with numerous thorns, slight-
ly hooked ; of a dark brown.

Leaflets, seven in number ; long ; irregularly and very
deeply toothed.

Flowers, numerous, in clusters, full, middle-sized.

Petals, violet ; shaded and velvety, irregularly sloped
at the summit, symmetrically arranged at the cir-
cumference, rolled in the centre.

14. Multifloral Bengal Violet Rose.

Shrub, bushy.

Branches, straight.

Thorns, rare and very small, interspersed with small
flexible bristles.

Leaflets, five in number ; oval, of a glossy green, un-
dulated on the margin, and much toothed.

Flowers, very full, rather large, well formed ; of a fine
violet colour.

G. — CRIMSON, SPOTTED OR VARIEGATED.
1. Noemie.

Shrub, with branches, horizontally spreading.

Thorns, scattered, brown, pretty numerous ; dilated at
the base.

Leaflets, oval, reverted, not much toothed.

Flowers, large, very double, well-formed, pretty nu-
merous ; of a lilac-pink, having a few petals striped
with white.

2. Jlntiope.

Tube of calyx, almost smooth, oval.
Flowers, middle-sized, very double ; of a vivid crimson,
marbled with purple-black.

Q 2

340 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

3. Pourpre Panachee Variegated Purple.
Flowerstalks, long; glandulous at the summit, smooth

at the base.

Tube of calyx, smooth.

Flowers, full, regular, middle-sized, often drooping;
of a slate-coloured lilac, usually striped or varie-
gated with red.

4. Mai ton.

Shrub, having straight, strong, numerous branches;

the bark green, variegated with dark purple.
Flowers, middle-sized, full, regular, very numerous ; of

a vivid crimson.

5. Thornless Rose.

Shrub, from ten to twelve feet high; the branches

purple and wholly unarmed.
Leaflets, seven in number.
Flowers, middle-sized, double ; of a lilac-pink, spotted

with purple ; flowering earlier than the other

sub-varieties.

B. — SECOND FAMILY.

BENGAL ROSES.
Tea Rose.

Sweet-scented China Rose.
Rosa Odorata.
Rosa IndicaOdoratissima.

SPECIFIC CHARACTERS.

Shrub, having few branches, which are short, smooth,
and glossy, without glands or bristles.

Thorns, scattered, crooked, compressed at their base.

Leaves, distant, three or five in number ; of which th e
terminal leaflet is the largest, and the inferior pair
smaller than the rest.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 341

Leafstalks, armed underneath with crooked thorns,

bearing pedicellated glands.
Stipules, narrow, subulated, fringed with glands.
Leaflets, distant, oblong or elliptic, acuminated or

pointed, smooth and shining on the upper surface ;

pale and sometimes glaucous on the under; simply

and sharply toothed, with convergent toothing,

without glands or pubescence.
Flowerstalks, thick, as if articulated ; smooth or a little

glandulnus.
Floral leaves, usually deciduous, linear or lanceolated;

fringed with glands.
Tube of calyx, bulging abruptly at the base ; smooth

and glaucous.
Sepals, falling before the maturity of the fruit, simple

or having slight appendages at the base; usually

smooth, with glandulous or cottonous edges.
Flowers, very fragrant, often drooping, appearing

throughout the summer.
Styles, detached ; from fifteen to one hundred.

WHITE, WHITISH, OR YELLOWISH FLOWERS.

1. Afranie.

Thorns, often straight and rather erect.
Tube of calyx, sometimes pear-shaped.
Flowers, very double, middle-sized, whitish.

2. Due de Grammont.
Tube of calyx, turbinated.

Flowers, full, large, almost white; pink or flesh-
coloured in the centre. In cold or wet weather,
they do not expand well,

3. Bourbon Tea Rose.

Flowers, large, full ; white, flesh-coloured in the centre.

342 THE BOOK OP ROSES.

4. Hymenee.
Shrub, of moderate vigour.

Branches, spreading, armed with a few even, straight
thorns, compressed at the base, scattered.

Lea/lets, three or five ; oblong, of a brilliant green.

Flowers, often solitary, sometimes united to the num-
ber of two or three, rather well formed, large ; of
a yellowish white at the circumference, pale yel-
low in the centre; the petals pretty regularly
arranged.

5. Variegated Tea Rose.
Shrub, very vigorous.

Thorns, not numerous.

Lea/lets, of a fine green, five in number ; oval-lanceo-

lated, regularly toothed.
Flowers, well formed, very large, double, the petals

well arranged, rounded-cordiform ; of a pretty

canary colour, streaked at the summit with a

deep lilac.

This is one of the beautiful varieties produced by
Villaresi of Monza.

6. Yellowish Tea Rose.
Sulphur-coloured Tea Rose.
Yellow China Rose.

Tube of calyx, very short and wide.
Flowers, semi-double or double, very large ; sometimes
five inches in diameter ; of a sulphur yellow.

PINK, FLESH-COLOURED, OR RED FLOWERS.

1. Tea-scented China Rose.

Flowers, large, semi-double ; of a pale pink or flesh-
colour, almost white.

Petals, concave, of a pale yellow at the base.
Styles, filiform, straight, and salient.

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 343

2. Single-flowered Tea Rose.

Flowers, single, pink ; chiefly cultivated for the seed.

3. Single Flesh-coloured Tea Rose.
Flowers, single, flesh-coloured ; worthy of cultivation

for the seed.

4. Lilac Tea Rose.

Shrub, vigorous, having branches of a purplish green,

and armed with numerous, straight, lilac-tinged

thorns.
Leaflets, seven in number ; oblong, terminating in a

point ; of a glossy green, edged with purple ; the

toothing iine and inclined.
Flowers, large, double, regular, expanding well ; often

in clusters ; light lilac.
Petals, well arranged; those of the circumference

cordiform.
Fruit, larger and more elongated than those of the

common Tea rose.

5. Catherine II.

Leaflets, large.
Flowerstalks, curved.
Tube of calyx, long and thick.

Flowers, large, full, hemispherical ; flesh-coloured,
sometimes inclining to lilac.

6. Full-flow ered Tea Rose.
Having much analogy with the preceding.

Leaflets, smaller and green.

Flowerstalks, less curved.

Flowers, middle-sized, hemispherical ; flesh-coloured,

inclining to lilac. Expanding ill in cold, damp

weather.

344 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

7. La Nymphe.
Flower stalks, long and thick.

Tube of calyx, sometimes pyriform at the base.
Flowers, large, full, flesh-coloured ; rather yellowish
in the centre.

8. Red Tea Rose.

Branches, slender ; often tinged on one side with red.

Leaflets, five or seven.

Tube of calyx, pyriform at the base.

Flower;;, large or middle-sized, fragrant, double ; of
a bright deep red or crimson ; the petals often
showing in the centre a stripe of white.

9. Queen of Golconda.
Shrub, vigorous and floriferous.
Tube of calyx, pyriform.

Flowers, large, double ; flesh-coloured, almost white ;
extremely fragrant.

10. Tea Rose of Anjou.
Buds, of a purple brown.

Flowers, large, double ; deep red without, and pale

within.
Petals, having a yellow base.

11. Tea Rose, (ofGuerin.)
Shrub, small and puny.

Stems, pale green, armed with brown, slightly bent
thorns.

Leaflets, five in number ; of a pale glossy green, deli-
cately and regularly toothed.

Flowers, double, middle-sized, well-formed, expanding
well ; of a pale pink, becoming red after expansion,
particularly when the tree is vigorous. Very
agreeably scented with the odour of Pekoe tea.

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 345

12. Anemone Tea Rose.
Shrub, pretty vigorous, bark glossy.

Branches, rather spreading ; furnished with a few large
thorns dilated at the base, a little crooked, scat-
tered.

Leafstalks, thorny.

Leaflets, oval, irregularly toothed; glossy green on
the uppir surface, reddish on the under.

Flowers, double, middle-sized, cup-shaped, in panni-
cles.

Petals, of a beautiful pink, becoming flesh-colour after
expansion ; symmetrically plaited and arranged.

1 3. Euscbe de Salverte.
Shrub, pretty high.

Thorns, red, not numerous.

Leaflets, three to seven ; oval, rather large, glossy,

distant, and irregularly placed ; slightly toothed.
Flowers, in clusters of twenty or thirty ; very full, two

inches wide ; white, slightly tinged with pink.

14. King of Siam.
Tube of calyx, ovoid.

Flowers, large, semi-double ; of a pale pink ; the inte-
rior petals narrow, and rolled at the edges.

15. Fair Eliza.

Flower stalks, glandulous.
Sepals, edged with long deciduous hairs.
Flowers, middle-sized, semi-double or double; pink,
varying from pale to deep.

16. The Fakir.

Flower stalks, smooth.

Flowers, middle-sized, semi-double; deep pink, fra-
grant.

Q 3

346 THE BOOK OP ROSES.

1 7. Prince of Salerno.

Shrub, not very high.

Branches, thick and not long ; armed with short thorns.

Thorns, almost straight, rare, not stipulary.

Leaves, of an apple-green, pale underneath, thick and
firm.

Leaflets, from three to seven, oval-pointed, toothed ;
the terminal leaflet larger than the- rest.

Flowers, sometimes solitary, often united in clusters
of three or five ; erect, two inches wide, full, well-
formed ; of a lilac-pink.

18. The Coccine.
Tea Rose of Cels.

Shrub, pretty vigorous, slightly armed.

Leaves, of a purplish green on the upper surface, of a

variable purple on the under.
Leaflets, three or five ; oval, regularly toothed.
Flowers, well-formed, middle-sized ; deep purple ; very

fragrant.

HYBRID TEA ROSES.

1. Duke of Choiseul.

Shrub, very vigorous ; branches thick and erect.
Flowerstalks, glandulous.
Tube of calyx, very short, thick, glandulous.
Flowers, large, full, regular, fragrant ; red in the cen-
tre, pale at the circumference.

2. Brown's Hybrid Tea Rose.

Branches, slender, more glandulous, less thorny, and
with smaller thorns than the preceding.

Leaflets, paler, narrower, and less glossy.

Flowers, large, full, regular, fragrant ; red in the cen-
tre, pale at the circumference.

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 347

3. Celestial Tea Rose.

Leaflets, five in number ; smooth, glossy, slightly toothed.
Flowerstalks, thick and glandulous.
Tube of calyx, smooth, glossy, very large, bulging.
Buds, globular.

Flowers, full, very large, regular, convex, very fra-
grant ; of a pale pink, paler at the circumference.

4. ^The a Fleurs Chagrinees.

Shrub, vigorous, thornless except at the base of the

flower branchlets.
Branches, flexible,

Flowerstalks, short, thick ; almost smooth.
Tube of calyx, short, thick, globular or pyriform.
Buds, red.
Flowers, middle-sized, semi-double, fragrant ; of a light

or vivid pink.

C. — THIRD FAMILY.

BOURBON ROSES.
Rosa Canina Burboniana.

These differ from the Bengal or China rose, in
having more flexible branches, colour more certain,
leaves closer together, sepals closer together, sepals
less reverted at the time of flowering.

1. Isle of Bourbon Rose.
Edn-ards's Rose.
Rosa Canina Burboniana.
Branches, long and divergent.
Thorns, very crooked ; glandulous at the base.
Leaflets, large, oval, cordiform at the base.
Tube of calyx, oval-oblong, glaucous and smooth at

the summit.

Flowers, middle-sized, cup-shaped, semi-double or dou-
ble ; of a brilliant deep pink.

348 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

2. Flesh-coloured Bourbon.

Branches, bearing scattered glands.
Thorns, pale, straight or rather crooked, very large.
Tube of calyx, club-shaped, having pedicellated glands.
Flowers, middle-sized, double or semi-double ; flesh-
coloured.
Petals, thick.

3. Bourbon Perputuel.
Many -flower ing Bourbon.

Branches, long, glandulous throughout.
Tube of calyx, oval.

Flowers, middle-sized, semi-double ; pink, with undu-
lated petals.

4. Isle of France Rose.
Bengal Dubreuil Rose.
Full-flowered Bourbon.
Bengal Newman.

Branches, short, glandulous at the base.
Tube of calyx, club-shaped ; spreading at the summit,
Flowers, large or middle-sized, very double or full ;
pale pink.

The seed of this rose was sent from the Isle of
France, from Monsieur Hardy to the Luxembourg
garden, in 1822.

5. Isle of France Eglantine.
Flowers, large, double ; vivid red, fragrant.

6. Comte de Coutard.
Shrub, moderately vigorous.

Branches, straight, armed with numerous thorns ; un-
even, and of a pale violet colour.

Leaflets, coriaceous, five in number ; oval.

Flowers, terminal ; in clusters of five or seven ; very
double, well formed ; deep violet.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 349

7. Bourbon Rose rvith full flowers.
Branches, slender.

Leaflets, large, irregularly toothed.
Flowers, full, large ; pale pink, very regular, in clusters.
Petals, gradually diminishing in size from the circum-
ference to the centre, which bears a projecting
green bud.
This rose is*ln flower throughout the summer.

8. ralida.
Shrub, ramiferous.

Thorns, straight, scattered, coloured.

Leaflets, three or five, oval, acuminated, doubly and

regularly toothed ; glaucous underneath.
Flowers, middle-sized, full, fragrant; of a brilliant pink.

9. Chloe.
Shrub, dwarf, bushy.

Thorns, numerous, slightly hooked.

Leaflets, five in number, oval ; glaucous underneath,

with a few glandulous thorns.
Flowers, middle-sized ; pale pink.

10. Themis.

Shrub, not very high ; bushy.

Thorns, rather crooked.

Leaflets, five, oval, rounded, sharply and doubly tooth-
ed ; glaucous underneath, with a few fine thorns
on the midrib.

Flowers, middle-sized, double ; flesh-coloured.

11. Parmentiers.

Isle of Bourbon Rose.
Foliage, and Wood, of a glaucous green.
Thorns, scattered.

Flowers, full, expanding well ; hemispherical, well
formed, three inches wide; of a fresh lilac.

350 THE BOOK OP ROSES.

12. Faustina.
Branches, corymbiferous.

Flowers, large, full, successive, regular ; white, tinged
with flesh-colour.

13. Jeanne d" Albret.

Flowers, middle-sized, double, globular, successive ;
lilac-pink.

14. Bourbon Pompon Rose.
Pompon of Tf^asennes.

Shrub, low, about the size of a common Pompon rose.
Branches, slender, spreading.
Thorns, numerous, near together, even, crooked.
Bark, glossy and shining, greenish.
Leaves, of a bright green.

Flowers, small, globular, very full, successive, fragrant ;
of a pale pink.

D.— FOURTH FAMILY.

NOISETTE ROSES.

Rosa Noisettiana.

SPECIFIC CHARACTERS.

Shrub, vigorous, high ; with smooth, rather flexible

branches.
Thorns, strong, crooked, sometimes straight, scattered ;

interspersed with glandulous hairs.
Leaflets, five or seven, occasionally nine ; smooth, oval

or lanceolated ; glossy on the upper surface, pale

and glaucous underneath ; sharply and deeply

toothed, the teeth convergent.
Leafstalks, glandulous, armed underneath with crooked

thorns.
Stipules, narrow, subulated, pectinated, or ciliated with

glands.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 351

Flowerstalks, united in clusters ; thin, hairy, or glan-
dulous.

Floral leaves, linear or lanceolated ; glandulous on the
edges, often deciduous.

Tube of calyx, long, narrow.

Sepals, deciduous ; sometimes simple, sometimes hav-
ing appendages.

Flowers, numerous, middle-sized; external petals en-
tire, internal petals sloped at the summit.

Styles, detached, salient, hairy, sometimes smooth.

The Noisette roses, named after a celebrated gar-
dener of Paris, are remarkable for their fine clusters ;
and are in bloom from the month of June till October
or November.

WHITE OR YELLOWISH-WHITE NOISETTE ROSES.

1 . WTiite semi-double Noisette Rose.

Branches, short, tinged with purple at the summit;

having sometimes glandulous bristles at the

base.

Flowerstalks, hairy, of a dingy violet.
Tube of calyx, turbinated, oblong.
Sepals, often smooth.
Flowers, white, small, semi-double.
Styles', fifteen or twenty.

2. Victor Olry.

Branches, very flexile; bark tinged in some places

with purple.
Thorns, small, scattered.
Leaflets, finely toothed, of a very light green when

young.
Flowers, very full, very large ; of a fine dead-white at

the circumference, dingy yellow in the centre.

352 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

3. Noisette Desprez.

Shrub, very vigorous.

Thorns, purplish, scattered.

Leaves, coriaceous, glossy, large, of a dark green.

Flowers, usually united three together ; three inches
wide ; yellow in the centre, pale at the circum-
ference.

4. Lamarque.

Shrub, vigorous.

Branches, numerous and flexile.

Thorns, rare, of a brownish green ; bark and foliage of

a beautiful green.
Flowers, solitary, or in clusters of three ; large, full,

well-formed; of a beautiful white, the base of the

petals light yellow.

5. Princess of Orange.

Branches, slightly armed, without glands ; of a dark
purple on one side.

Leaflets, five in number ; oval-lanceolated.

Tube of calyx, narrow, oblong.

Sepals, smooth. v

Flowers, large or middle-sized, very double, very fra-
grant ; of a fine white, the petals having often a
point between the lobes.

Styles, from eight to twenty ; very long, capillary.

6. Yellow-hearted Noisette Rose.
Flower stalks, glandulous.

Floral leaves, lasting longer than in the other Noisette

roses.

Buds, pink.
Flowers, middle-sized or small, semi-double, fragrant ;

white, having a sulphur-coloured centre during

expansion.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 353

7. Cher a nee.

Shrub, very thorny, with long branches.

Thornx, usually straight ; interspersed with glandulous

bristles,
Leaflets, acuminated, oval-lanceolated, with inclining

teeth.

Tube of calyx, oblong.
Sepals, smooth, glandulous on the edges.
Flowers; middle-sized, very double, regular; white,

fragrant

8. Milton.

Branches, long, without glands.
Flowerstalks, glandulous.
Tube of calyx, smooth.
Flowers, semi-double, large, very open.
Petals, the inner ones narrow ; white or flesh-colour,
tinged with pink.

9. Isabella of Orleans.

Branches, long, not sarmentous, having glandulous
bristles at the base.

Leaflets, not glaucous underneath.

Tube of calyjc, ob-conical; smooth as well as the
sepals.

Buds, pink.

Flowers, full, large, hemispherical, sometimes droop-
ing; white.

10. Mechin.

Branches, very long, sarmentous, glandulous.

Sepals, and Flowerstalks, glandulous.

Tube of calyx, oblong, narrow; often gibbous at the

base; glandulous.
Flowers, very double, middle-sized, cup-shaped; almost

white; fragrant.

354 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

1 1 . Large-flowering Noisette Rose.
Branches, long, sarmentous, glandulous.
Flower stalks, hispid, glandulous.

Tube of calyx, smooth at the summit ; rather hairy
and glandulous at the base.

Sepals, glandulous.

Buds, conical, light pink.

Flowers, semi-double, large, fragrant ; white, or flesh-
coloured.

Styles, long, filiform, forming a colouring similar to
that of the Sempervirens.

12. jlpollonia.

Stems, erect, almost thornless, elbowed at the base ;
the bark glossy.

Leafstalks, thorny.

Leaflets, oblong, dark green; regularly toothed.

Flowers, middle-sized, double, regular ; of a flesh-
coloured white.

13. Duke of Broglie.
Flowers, large, full, regular, white.

14. Noisette Legere.

Rosa Noisettiana Lcevis.

Shrub, not very high.

Stems, slender, of a dark green.

Thorns, not numerous, small and blackish.

Leaflets, five or seven ; oval, plane, slightly toothed, of

a dark lustrous green.
Flowers, small; white, tinged with pink ; in clusters to

the number of thirty.

15. Belle Fontanges.

Flowers, middle-sized, full, white ; of a nankin yellow
in the centre.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 355

16. Countess Daru.

Flowers, middle-sized; full, regular; sloping concave
petals ; white as alabaster.

17. Irena.

Shrub, very floriferous.

Flowers, double, middle-sized ; white.

18. Tea-scented Proliferous Noisette Rose.
Flowers, very large, and very fiill ; white.

19. Demetrius.
Buds, red.

Flowers, middle-sized, globular, full ; white.

20. Bouquet tout fait.

Flowers, middle-sized, full; of a nankin-tinted white,
bearing numerous flowers.

21. Caroline Ternaux.
Flowers, large, very full ; of a pure white.

22. Belle Pradher.

Flowers, middle-sized, full, of a flattened shape ; pure
white.

23. Alzonde.

Flowers, small, very full; white, tinged with pale
flesh-colour.

24. Boule de Neige.
Snowball Hose.

Shrub, vigorous, very pretty.

Stems, purple, spreading ; armed with reddish thorns

hooked, dilated at the base.
Leafstalks, thorny.

356 THE BOOK OF HOSES.

Leaflets, seven in number; oblong, terminating in a
point ; of a lustrous green, the toothing deep and
narrow.

Flowers, fragrant, large, double, globular ; pure white.

•25. Chloe.

Shrub, very floriferous.

Flowery, small, full ; of a flesh-coloured white.

26. Junia.

Shrub, very floriferous, with flowers in clusters.
Flowers, middle-sized, full ; of a flesh-coloured white.

27. F~olumnia.

Flowers, middle-sized, regular, full ; petals sloping
inwards, pure white.

28. Small-flowering Noisette.
Noisettiana Parviflora.

Shrub, delicate, with slender branches.

Thorns, numerous reddish, interspersed with glandu-
lous bristles, and large glands.

Leafstalks, reddish.

Lea/lets, three to seven; oval.

Flowers, double, cup-shaped ; white, spotted with pur-
ple at the circumference.

29. Solitary -flowered Noisette.
Noisettiana Solitaria.

Shrub, very vigorous.

Branches, smooth, light green; armed with distant

thorns, straight and rather crooked.
Lea/lets, five or seven ; plane, long oval, regularly but

slightly toothed.
Flowers, solitary ; full, middle-sized, cup-shaped ; of a

watered white, slightly tinged with pink.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 357

30. Creeping Noisette Rose.

Branches, very long, creeping, armed with close thorns.
Leafstalks, short.

Leaflets, seven or nine ; rounded, plane.
Flowers, double, middle-sized; pure white; united in
clusters to the number of from five to twenty.

31. Ranunculus Noisette Rose.

Flowers, very double, pretty, shaped like a ranuncu-
lus ; flesh-coloured at first, white after expansion.

32. Muscate Pcrpetuelle.

Shrub, pretty vigorous.

Branches, spreading, glossy, not very thorny.
Flowers, small, double, fragrant ; of a yellowish white,
appearing throughout the summer.

PINK OR FLESH-COLOURED FLOWERS.

33. Flesh-coloured Noisette Rose.

Shrub, very vigorous.

Branches, glossy and flexile, armed with large strong
thorns.

Leaflets, oval, near together, pointed or acuminated;
of a delicate green.

Tube of ca'i/x; oval-fusiform.

Flowers, middle-sized, regular, very double, flesh-
coloured.

Styles, smooth, from twenty to forty.

This shrub, sent from Charlestown by Philip Noi-
sette, is the type on which the species Noisettiana was

founded by Bosc and Pronville.

34. Noisette Cliamnagagna Rose, (from

America.)
Shrub, having a purple bark.

358 THE BOOK OF ROSES,

Leaflets, five or seven ; oval, pointed, notched; green
on the upper surface, whitish tnderneath; nar-
rower and longer than the preceding.

Stipules, narrower.

Flowers, large ; deep flesh-coloured, slightly fragrant.

35. Sarmentose Noisette Rose.
Branches, long, rather sarmentous, without glands or

bristles.

Stipules, very narrow, finely and simply ciliated.
Tube of calyx, oval-oblong.
Sepals, smooth.
Flowers, semi-double, middle-sized, fragrant ; of a pale

pink or flesh-colour.
Petals, narrow.

36. Noisette with re flexed Petals.

Leaflets, five in number.

Flowers, very double, small ; of a pale lilac flesh-colour,

shaded with light pink.
Petals, curled on the edges.

37. Coraly.

Leaflets, light green ; never glaucous underneath.
Flowerstalks, bearing a few glandulous hairs.
Tube of calyx, glaucous, smooth, fusiform, oblong.
Sepals, having a few glands on the edges.
Flowers, semi-double, large, fragrant; flesh-coloured,
almost white.

38. Lafayette.

Branches, long, not sarmentous.

Flowers, middle-sized, full, very double ; of a brilliant
pink.

39. Charles X.
Branches, long, purple.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 359

Leaves, tinged with purple when young.
Tube of calyx, smooth, oval.
Flowers, full, large ; light purple.

40. Lee's Noisette.

Shrub, pretty vigorous, with long sarmentous branches.
Tube of calyx, cylindrical, oblong, smooth.
Flowers, large, flesh-coloured, very double, slightly
fragrant.

41. The Anjou Noisette.
LAngevine.

Branches, very long and sarmentous.

Tube of calyx, smooth, oblong, sometimes gibbous at
the base.

Sepals, rather glandulous.

Flowers, very large and veiy double; regular; flesh-
coloured.

42 . Buret's Noisette Jlngevine.

Shrub, vigorous ; branches straight, pale green.
Thorns, not numerous, small, crooked, of a lilac-red ;

placed pretty regularly, often stipular.
Leafstalks, purple on the upper surface, green on the

under.

Lea/lets, pale green, slightly toothed.
Flowers, large, double, perfect; expanding well, in

clusters.
Petals, white at the circumference, pink in the centre ;

well placed.
Fruit, round ; larger than in the common Noisette.

43. Deep Lilac Noisette Rose.

Shrub, puny, branches erect.

Thorns, numerous, even, crooked, dilated at the base ;
bark glossy.

360 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

Leafstalks, furnished with a few small crooked thorns.
Leaflets, five or seven, lanceolated; of a yellow green ;

with shallow, inclined toothing.
Flowers, numerous, small, very double, well formed,

in clusters.
Petals, thin ; of a deep red-lilac, curled in rings in the

centre, irregularly sloped at the summit ; the base

white.

44. The Aurora Noisette.

Shrub, very vigorous.

Branches, articulated.

Thorns, even, crooked, dilated at the base, reddish,

scattered.
Bark, smooth.
Leaflets, seven in number ; pointed thick, deeply and

regularly toothed.

Flowers, numerous, small, double, irregular, in clusters.
Petals, thick ; of a bright blush-colour in the centre ;

flesh-coloured at the circumference.
Tube of calyx, and Flower stalk, armed with small glan-

dulous thorns.

45. Bertiris Noisette Rose.

Shrub, vigorous ; branches slender.

Thorns, crooked, coloured.

Leaflets, three or five ; oval, acuminated, regularly

toothed; glaucous underneath ; purple, when

young.
Flowers, numerous, large, full ; of a tender fresh pink.

46. Globular Noisette Rose.

Branches, long and very sarmentous.
Tube of calyx, almost cylindrical, thin and fusiform.
Flowers, middle-sized, semi-double, hemispherical ;
flesh-coloured, or pale lilac.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 361

47. Large Single JVoisette Rose.

Shrub, sarmentous.

Flowerstalks, glandulous.

Tube of calyx, smooth or rather hairy ; narrow, oblong,

rather bulging.
Sepals, smooth.
Flower*, large, single ; flesh-coloured, inclining to lilac ;

rather frttgrant.
Petals, thick, ob-oval, rounded; with a point at the

summit.
Disk, very high.

48. Filbert's Sarmentous Noisette.
Branches, very long and sarmentous.
Flower stalks, glandulous.

Tube of calyx, glandulous or smooth; oblong, fusiform.
Sepals, glandulous.

Flowers, middle-sized, very double ; flesh-coloured,
almost white.

49. Comtesse de Fresnel.

Branches, long and sarmentous.
Flowerstalks, purple, glandulous.
Tube of calyx, smooth and glaucous.
Sepals, glandulous.

Flowers, double, fragrant; of a lilac-pink, becoming
flesh-colour in the centre, or light lilac.

50. Countess Orloff.

Tube of calyx, oval-turbinated, glandulous.

Flowers, large, semi-double; deep pink; sometimes

pale.
Styles, hairy, from twelve to twenty-four.

51. Constant de Rebecque.
Flowerstalks, smooth.

362 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

Tube of calyx, glaucous ; sometimes rather hairy, as

well as the sepals.
Flowers, large, semi-double, cup-shaped; deep, vivid

red-lilac.
Styles, red and hairy ; from eighteen to twenty-five.

52. Pink Noisette.
Branches, long and sarmentous.

Tube of calyx, oblong, cylindrical; smooth, or having

scattered glands.
Sepals, short.
Flowers, middle-sized, semi-double, pink.

53. .Purple Noisette.
Red Noisette.

Noisette with small Pink Flowers.

Shrub, very thorny, branches long and sarmentous.
Leaflets, small, undulated.
Flowerstalks, hispid-glandulous.
Tube of calyx, smooth, oblong.

Flowers, small, very double ; light pink, with narrow
petals.

54. Bougainville.
Branches, very thorny.
Leaflets, narrow, undulated.

Tube of calyx, smooth, oblong, or ob-conical.
Buds, red.

Flowers, full, middle-sized, pink in the centre, paler
and tinged with lilac at the circumference.

55. Rosa Carbonara.
Shrub, very vigorous.
Branches, long, rather sarmentous.

Thorns, strong, uneven, hooked; interspersed with
numerous glandulous bristles.

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 363

Stipules, narrow.

Leaflets, seven in number ; near together, oval-lance-

olated, very sharp.
Flowerstalks, hispid and glandulous.
Flowers, middle-sized, semi-double; of a pale or light

pink.

Petals, the inner ones uniform.
Styles, detacMed.

This rose is considered a hybrid of the Sempervirens .
It flowers twice a-year.

56. Noisette Camellia Rose.

Flowers, often as large as the common Hundred-leaved ;
almost full ; bright pink ; the base of the petals
white ; in clusters of three.

This rose answers best as a graft.

57. Mordaunt Delany.

Thorns, crooked, short, uneven ; interspersed with

glandulous bristles.

Tube of calyx, oval-pyriform, glandulous.
Sepals, glandulous.
Flowers, in clusters, middle-sized, very double ; pink,

inclining to flesh-colour.

This rose, a hybrid from the Sempervirens, flowers
twice a-year.

^ 58. Thisle.

Hengal Hyacinth-scented Noisette.

Shrub, very vigorous, and very thorny.
Leaflets, seven ; of a glaucous tint.
Tube of calyx, bulging, oval-fusiform.
Flowers, middle-sized, full, fragrant; flesh-coloured,
appearing once a-year.

R2

364 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

59. Eve.
Lea/iets, five or seven.

Tube of calyx, oblong-fusiform, or ob-conical.
Flowers, very double, middle-sized; of a deep pink; in
clusters, appearing once a-yeur.

60. Noisette with drooping Branches.

Shrub, high; armed with numerous, small, crooked

thorns.
Leaflets, five or seven ; oval-elongated, plane, slightly

toothed.
Flowers, middle-sized, double ; pale pink, sometimes

vivid in the centre and pale at the circumference.

61. Noisette Gracilis.
Shrub, vigorous and lofty.

Thorns, numerous, almost straight, purple.
Leaflets, seven ; plane and deeply toothed.
Flowers, very well formed, double ; of a delicate pink.

62. Spotted Noisette Rose.

Flowers, small, semi- double ; spotted pink. (1826.)

63. Dufresnois.

Flowers, small, full ; pale flesh-colour.

64. Duchesse de Grammont.
Flowers, small, full ; flesh-coloured.

65. Noisette Buret Rose.
Shrub, very vigorous.

Stems, strong; of a red purple, armed with thick,
crooked, uneven thorns, of the same colour.

Flowers, double, very numerous and extremely beau-
tiful; united in large clusters, and expanding well.

Petals, pale red, inclining to purple ; sometimes
streaked or spotted, according to the aspect.

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 365

66. Felicia.

Shrub, vigorous, stems erect.

Thorns, thick, reddish, almost even; much dilated at

the base.

Leaflets, five or seven; oblong, divergent.
Flowers, very double, middle-sized; of a fine pink,

slightly iinged with lilac ; sometimes striped with

white.

67. Lafayette, (variegated.)

Branches, Leaves, and Buds, variegated with white

and pink.
Flowers, middle-sized, full ; of a bright pink.

68. Theldire.
Flowers, small, double, pink.

69. Rouge Virginal.
Noisette Maiden's Blush.

Flowers, large, full ; pink, or red.

70. Richer Rose.

Flowers, small, full, regular.

Petals, sloped inwards ; red in the centre, pink at the
circumference.

71. Rose Dalbret.

Flowers, middle-sized, double.

Petals, sloped inwards ; of a pale lilac.

72. Philemon.

Flowers, small, double or full; lilac, streaked with
purple.

73. Eleonide.

Flowers, middle-sized, double, pink ; having a few
petals variegated with lilac.

366 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

74. Belle Alix.

Flowers, middle-sized, double ; and of a bright flesh-
colour.

75. Armida.

Shrub, yielding numerous flowers.

Flowers, middle-sized, double or full ; pink or lilac.

76. Belle jlspasie.

Flowers, large, full, regular.
Petals, sloped inwards ; pale pink.

77. Honor ine.

Flowers, large, double ; pale pink, turning to white.

78. La Sylphide.

Flowers, full, middle-sized, globular, regular; of a
lilac flesh-colour.

79. La Cherie.

Flowers, middle-sized, full, globular.
Petals, undulated ; lilac-tinted flesh-colour.

80. Petite Etoilee.

Flowers, very small, full; flesh-colour, marbled with
pink.

81. Ismenia.

Flowers, small, full, regular.

Petals, sloped inwards ; flesh-colour or pink.

82. Lesbia.

Shrub, yielding numerous flowers.
Flowers, double, pale flesh-colour.

83. Orpheus.

Flowers, middle-sized, full; of a purplish pink.

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 367

84. Marianne.

Flowers, middle-sized, full, globular, regular.
Petals, sloped inwards; of a deep pink.

85. Chimcne.

Flowers, middle-sized, double; pink in the centre, lilac
at the circumference.

86. Cleonice.

Flowers, full, middle-sized, well formed.
Petals, sloped inwards ; of a flesh-coloured pink.

87. Small-flowering Dark Purple.

Branches, short, straight, very slightly armed.

Flowerstalks, hispid, glandulous.

Tube of calyx, smooth, oblong, fusiform.

Flowers, middle-sized, single, velvety ; vivid crimson.

88. Ranunculus Noisette Rose.
Shrub, three or four feet high.

Branches, slender, armed with a few crooked red

thorns.

Leaflets, three or five; oval-elongated, slightly toothed.
Flowers, in clusters of fifteen or twenty ; of a fine pink ;

exhaling a scent resembling that of the Geranium

Capitatum.

89. Ever-blowing Noisette.

Leaflets, five in number, oval-lanceolated, regularly
toothed; of a fine dark green.

Flowers, very numerous ; in clusters, full and regular,
two inches broad; pink, having in the centre a
green bud, accompanied by leafy appendages.

Monsieur Gels cultivates a beautiful sub- variety, of
which the external petals are pale pink, forming a regu-
larly rounded cup ; the central petals very short, united

368 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

in several fasces, and plaited longitudinally ; of a yel-
low purple on the expanse, brownish at the summit
and on the edges. A variety obtained in Italy.

90. Puteaux Noisette Rose.

Shrub, vigorous, four or five feet high.

Thorns, scattered, not numerous.

Leaflets, five or seven; oval-oblong, bright green on
the upper surface, pale on the under ; regularly
toothed, acuminated at the summit ; the lateral
ones almost sessile, and the terminal one having
a long leafstalk.

Flowers, united in clusters of from four to twelve ; semi-
double ; having the form and colour of the com-
mon China rose.

91. Large Lilac Noisette.

Shrub, pretty high ; vigorous.

.Branches, slender, reddish, drooping at the end ; armed

with rare short thorns.
Lea/lets, five or seven ; of a glossy green ; oval-oblong,

plane, slightly toothed.
Flowers, united to the number of five or fifteen ; very

double, very pretty, rather drooping ; of a deep

lilac.

92. Anatole de Montesquieu.

Shrub, smaller than the other varieties.

Thorns, scattered, straight, not numerous.

Leaflets, three or five, small, oval, rather cordiform at

the base, pointed at the summit ; sharply but not

glandulously toothed.
Flowers, from one to nine on each flowerstalk ; double,

pretty well formed ; very large, of a violet-purple ;

fragrant.
Petals, rounded and sloped at the summit.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 369

93. Jacques Noisette.

Shrub, vigorous.

Stems, straight, smooth, purple, armed with scattered
non-stipular thorns.

Leaflets, on a long leafstalk ; three to seven, some ob-
long, some oval ; of a glossy green ; irregularly
toothed.

Flowers, double, middle-sized, very regular.

Petals, white*; tinged with pink, rather rumpled in the
centre.

E. — FIFTH FAMILY.

MUSK ROSES.
Rosa Moschata.
Rosa Opsostemma.
Rosa Glandulifera.

SPECIFIC CHARACTERS.

Shrub, high, straight, very ramiferous.

Branches, smooth, green, sometimes purple at the sum-
mit ; slightly glandulous.

Thorns, almost even, scattered, strong, crooked.

Stipules, linear, adherent, divided and subulated at the
point, hairy underneath ; fringed with glands.

Leaflets, five or seven, elliptical, lanceolated, almost
plane ; simply and finely toothed ; naked on the
upper surface ; glaucous on the under ; the midrib
hairy.

Flowers, very numerous, in clusters of seven or more,
appearing in August or September ; scented with
musk.

Flowerstalks, ramified and cottonous.

Floral leaves, deciduous, concave, reflexed, hairy and
glandulous.

Petals, almost entire ; rather connivent.

R 3

370 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

Sepals, reflexed, long, sometimes cottonous, falling
soon after the petals.

Stamens, eighty or eighty-five ; very perishable.

Disk, thick, high.

Styles, hairy, detached, or united in a long slender
column.

Fruit, small and red.

Origin, the north of Africa and south of Spain ; Ma-
deira and the south of France.

1. Single Musk Rose.
Rosa Moschata.

Shrub, vigorous.

Thorns, firm, crooked, not numerous.

Leafstalks, armed with a few thorns and glandulous

bristles.
Leaflets, five or nine ; oval, pointed, smooth, serrated,

dark green.

Flowerstalks, having glandulous short bristles.
Tube of calyx, rather hairy, oval, oblong.
Flowers, single, white, in clusters ; highly fragrant.

This rose grows spontaneously in the neighbour-
hood of Roussillon.

2. Semi-double Musk Rose.
Leaflets, five, seven, sometimes nine.

Flowers, white, small, semi-double; very fragrant, and
the inner petals small and fixed by a yellow line.
Styles, detached, or slightly conjoined by the hairs.

3. Double Musk Rose.
Full Musk Rose.

Shrub, low and diffuse.

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 371

Leaflets, seven ; occasionally five or nine.
Tube of calyx, slightly tightened at the summit.
Flowers, middle-sized or small ; pure white, not very

fragrant.
Styles, green, detached and salient.

4. Musk Rose almost unarmed.

Shrub, high and vigorous.

Branches, ifcarmed at the summit ; having at the base

a few short, almost straight thorns.
Leafstalks, often unarmed.
Leaflets, five or seven.
Flowers, single; white, middle-sized; not numerous.

5. Princess of Nassau.

Shrub, having elbowed branches.

Leaflets, seven or nine; hairy underneath, the edges
curled, the toothing inclined.

Buds, sulphur-yellow, marbled -with red.

Flowers, middle-sized, very double, fragrant ; expand-
ing bright yellow, becoming white.

Styles, joined together, but without adhesion.

6. Noisette Single White Musk.

Bash, spreading.

Branches, sarmentous, not creeping.

Thorns, not numerous, brown, crooked, scattered ; not
interspersed with bristles.

Leaflets, seven or more, rarely five ; oval-lanceolated,
the midrib hairy underneath.

Flowerstalks, in paucifloral clusters.

Tube of calyx, oval-pyriform ; hairy.

Flowers, middle-sized, fragrant, single, white ; appear-
ing in August and September.

Styles, detached, united only by the interlacing of their
hairs.

372 THE BOOK OP ROSES.

7. Snorvy Rose.
Rosa JVivea.
Belle Henriette.
Shrub, high and vigorous.
Branches, long and straight.
Thorns, straight, interspersed with bristles.
Leaflets, five or seven ; oval or oblong ; sharp, smooth
on the upper surface, rather pubescent on the
under.

Flowers, in clusters ; numerous, middle-sized, single ;
white, tinged with pink on the outside ; very
fragrant.
Styles, detached, not very salient.

8. Single Pink Belle Henriette,
Branches, purple.

Leaflets, smooth ; glaucous underneath.

Floiverstalks, purple.

Tube of calyx, purple, fusiform, and smooth at the

summit.

Sepals, deciduous.

Flowers, middle-sized, simple, fragrant ; pale pink.
Styles, slightly salient.

9. Double Pink Belle Henriette.
Shrub, vigorous, high.

Branches, long and straight.

Thorns, straight, interspersed with bristles ; feebler

than in the Snowy rose.
Leaflets, large.

Tube of calyx, oval, short and thick.
Flowers, double, large, light pink.
Styles, detached, slightly salient.

10. The Ophyr Music Rose.
Flowers, small, double, very fragrant : nankin colour.

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 373

1 1 . Bramble-flowered Musk Rose.
Rosa Rubrifolia.

Shrub, three or four feet high ; offsets vertical.

Branches, light green without down, armed with a few
scattered crooked thorns.

Lea/lets, three or five ; oval, pointed, light green ;
glossy on the upper surface, pale and cottonous
underneath ; toothing simple and divergent.

Stipules, very long and narrow, naked; fringed with
glands.

Leafstalks, naked, slightly thorny.

Floicers, small ; pale red, usually three together.

Flowerstalks, and Calyx, without pubescence, the for-
mer glandulous.

Sepals, single, oval, hairy, reflexed and deciduous.

Stamens, deciduous.

Styles, cottonous, united in a column or club.

Fruit, naked, very small, cottonous.
This rose is a native of North America.

12 IVindom Bramble-leafed Rose.
Rosa Rubrifolia Fenestralis.
Leaflets, smooth on both sides ; pale, thin.
Flowers, often solitary.

F. — SIXTH FAMILY.

CHINA ROSES.
Rosa Chinensis.
Rosa Semperftorens.
Rosa Sinensis.
Rosa Indica.

SPECIFIC CHARACTERS.

Shrub, feeble, spreading.

Branches, slender, green, tinged with purple when
young; smooth, rarely glandulous.

374 THE BOOK OP ROSES.

Thorns, rare, scattered, compressed, and crooked.

Leaves, distant, glossy.

Leaflets, three or five ; oval-lanceolated, simply and

deeply toothed, sometimes notched, thin, plane,

tinged with purple underneath at the edges, and

sometimes on the upper surface, when young.

The terminal leaflet larger than the rest ; the

inferior pair small ; and on the summit of the

branches obliterated.
Stipules, narrow, flat, glandulous, and slightly seta-

ceous.
Leafstalks, smooth or glandulous ; armed with crooked

thorns.
Flowerstalks, articulated on the branches, very long,

glandulous, solitary.
Floral leaves, narrow, lanceolated ; toothed and fringed

with glands.

Flowers, solitary, dark crimson.
Tube of calyx, oblong, naked.
Sepals, reflexed, deciduous.
Disk, thick, conical.
Ovules, five.

Styles, very slender, almost naked, detached, salient.
Petals, entire.
Fruit, globular.
Origin, China.

1 . Semi-double Purple China.

Shrub, very small.

Tube of calyx, rather glandulous, oval-turbinated or

pyriform.

Sepals, simple, glandulous.
Flowers, middle-sized, or small, semi-double ; of a very

velvety crimson, the petals reflexed at the edges ;

from twelve to twenty ovaries.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 375

2. Nasturtium-scented China Rose.
La Bichonne.

Bengal Bichon.

Raspberry-scented China Rose.
Shrub, delicate and very small.

Flowers, middle-sized or small, double ; of a purple-
crimson, fragrant, with concave petals.

3. Bengal Cramoisi Double.
La Sanguine.
Blood-red China Rose.

Shrub, feeble, spreading.

Branches, Leaves, and Flowerstalks, very purple.

Flowers, middle-sized, rather globular, very double,

velvety ; of a vivid purple-crimson, with concave

petals, the base white.
Styles, twenty to twenty-five.

4. Bengal B our dug e Rose.
Shrub, feeble.

Tube of calyx, oval, glandulous.

Flowers, very double, small; of a crimson red, or violet-
purple.

5. Bengal Cherry-coloured Rose.
Bengal with long Peduncles.

Shrub, low and spreading.
Flowerstalks, long.

Tube of calyx, smooth, oval-pyriform.
Flowers, semi-double, middle-sized ; of a cherry-colour,
or light red.

6. Blue China, or Bengal Rose.
Branches, slender.

Tube of calyx, smooth, having sometimes a collar at

the base.

Flowers, middle-sized, very double, of a blueish-purple.
Styles, seventy or eighty.

376 THE BOOK OF ROSES,

7. Brilliant Bengal.
La Gauffree.
LEblouissante<
Striped China Rose.

Tube of calyx, smooth, oval.

Flowers^ middle-sized, very double ; of a fiery red, or

light crimson.
Styles, eighty or more.

8. Red Tea Rose.

Tube of calyx, often oval, occasionally round, irregu-
larly gibbous.

Flowers, very double, middle-sized, fragrant ; deep
pink or red.

Ovaries, from thirty to seventy.

9. Mere Gigogne.

Tube of calyx, smooth, oval-turbinated.
Flowers, very double, middle-sized ; of a red-purple ;
often flowering twice.

10. Bengale Felix.
Tube of calyx, oval, oblong.

Leaflets, oval, round, or acuminated ; and slightly con-
cave.

Flowerstalks, smooth or hispid-glandulous.

Flowers, middle-sized, semi-double, cup-shaped ; of a
light violet, sometimes striped with white.

1 1 . Single Bengal Purple.

Tube of calyx, long and narrow in the throat.
Sepals, simple.

Flowers, small or middle-sized, single ; of a purple-
crimson.

Petals, spatulated.
Styles, six to fifteen.

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 377

12. Thornless Red China Rose.

Rosa Inermis Indie a.

Stems, straight ; from ten to twelve feet high.
Bra7iches, purple, glaucous when young.
Leaflets, five, long, oval, regularly toothed.
Flowers, double ; of a deep pink, spotted with purple ;
middle-sized.

G. — SEVENTH FAMILY.

LAWRA.VCE ROSES.
Rosa Lawranceana.
Rosa Lawrencea.
Rosa Larvr entice.
Rosa Semperflorens Minima.
Rosa Indica Humilis.

SPECIFIC CHARACTERS.

Shrub, from two inches to two feet high.

Branches, straight, numerous, very thin, armed with
red thorns, straight or crooked.

Leafstalks, glandulous and thorny.

Leaflets, three or five, very small, oval-lanceolated ;
smooth, firm, glossy on the upper surface, often
glaucous and purple on the under ; the terminal
leaflet largest ; simply and finely toothed.

Flowers-talks, smooth or glandulous.

Tube of calyx, oval or pyriform, often smooth, and
glaucous.

Sepals, simple and glandulous ; or smooth and having
appendages.

Flowers, very small, almost scentless ; with acumina-
ted petals,

Styles, detached, from twenty to sixty ; usually salient.

These roses, natives of the Isle of Bourbon, where

378 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

they were obtained by cultivation, or perhaps from
China, differ from the Semperflorens, or common China
rose, chiefly in their diminutive proportions.

1 . Single Larorance Rose.

Shrub, from three to six inches in height ; forming a

close bush.

Leaflets, very small, purple when young.
Tube of calyx, smooth, fusiform.
Flowers, very small ; pink, having five or eight petals.

2. Dwarf Larvrance Rose.
Larvrance of Chartres.

Shrub, from two to five inches high ; forming a close

bush.

Leaflets, very small.
Tube of calyx, smooth, pyriform.
Sepals, smooth, terminating in a toothed, long leaflet.
Flowers, very double ; pink, the size of a shilling.
Styles, twenty or twenty-five ; filiform, red.

3. Double Bengal Lawrance.

Shrub, larger than the preceding, and less bushy.

Leaflets, tinged underneath with purple when young.

Tube of calyx, smooth, short, gibbous.

Sepals, simple or foliaceous.

Flowers, very small, full ; of a deep lilac-pink.

Styles, red and filiform ; from thirty to fifty.

4. Bengal Pompon.
Dwarf China Rose.

Shrub, from one to two feet high.

Leaflets, same size as the preceding, never tinged with

purple.

Tube of calyx, oval, smooth.
Flowers, semi-double, light pink.

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 379

5. Unguiculated Lawrance Rose.
Lawrenciana Unguiculata.

Stems, four or five inches high.
Branches, divergent, with crooked thorns.
Leaflets, three or five ; oval-lanceolated.
Flowers, the size of a shilling ; very double, in clusters ;
bright red^

6. Laurenceana Mouche.
Stems, three or four inches high.
Branches, divergent.

Flowers, very small, flat, well formed ; flesh-coloured.

7. Caprice des Dames.
The Ladys JPliim.

Stems, five or six inches high.

Leaflets, oval-lanceolated, glaucous on the under sur-
face, with sharp toothing.

Flowers, of a red-purple; the size of the common
Lawrance.

8. Belle Lilliputienne.
Shrub, very small.

Flowers, extremely small, full ; vivid pink.

9. White Lawrance Rose.

Flowers, small, full ; white, slightly tinged with flesh-
colour.

10. Bi-coloured Lawra?ice Rose.
Flowers, small, full ; pink, spotted with lilac.

1 1 . Crimson Lawrance Rose.

Flowers, very small, double or full; of a deep
crimson.

12. Laurenceana a Rameaux Horizontaux.
Flowers, small, fragrant ; of a bright flesh-colour.

380 THE BOOK OP ROSES.

ELEVENTH TRIBE OF SPECIES III.

Rosa Systyla.
Systylated Rose.

Resembles the Rosa Canina in all but the form of
its styles, which are united into a long smooth column.
In this tribe we shall comprehend the
Rosa jlrvensis.
Rosa Jlbyssinica
Rosa Sempervirens.
Rosa Multiflora.
Rosa Brunonii.
Rosa Rubifolia, and
Rosa Setigera.

SPECIFIC CHARACTERS.

Shrub, usually high.

Branches, long, slender, flexible, flagelliform, usually
green, sometimes naked.

Thorns, scattered, or geminated under the stipules ;
crooked or curved; very rarely straight; some-
times interspersed with bristles.

Leaves, composed of five or seven leaflets ; rarely of
three or five.

Stipules, adnate, usually narrow, simple or ciliated
with glands ; sometimes enlarged at the base, and
finely pinnated.

Leafstalks, armed underneath with a few crooked
thorns ; often glandulous, sometimes pubescent.

Leaflets, oval or oval-lanceolated ; pointed or acumi-
nated ; occasionally obtuse ; simply toothed, naked
on both sides.

Flowerstalks, sometimes woolly, sometimes glandulous ;
with pedicellated glands.

Floral leaves, linear-lanceolated, often acuminated or
subulated, smooth or woolly ; usually deciduous.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 381

Tube of calyx, oval, more or less globular or elongated;

sometimes smooth, sometimes woolly or glandulous.
Sepals, glandulous or hairy, very rarely simple ; usually

three of them with appendages.

Flowers, in multifloral clusters, very rarely solitary ;

usually small and white; sometimes deep or pale pink.

Petals, more or less oblong, cordiform or ob-corded ;

sometimes fcmarginated.
Stamens, numerous, often long ; usually deciduous

after the flowering ; occasionally permanent.
Disk, thick, convex.
Styles, united in a high column ; woolly or cottonous,

sometimes smooth.
Fruit, usually small, oval or round ; of an orange-red,

or scarlet.
Origin, found throughout Europe; with varieties in

Asia, Africa, and America.

Marietta.

SECTION I. — EUROPEAN ROSES.
I. The Field Rose.
Rosa Arvensis.
Rosa Candida.
Rosa Sylvestris.
Rosa Scandens.
Rosa Herporhodon.
Rosa Halleri.
Rosa Fusca.
Rosa Serpens.
Rosa Repens.
Rosa Sempervirens.
Rosa Montana.
Rosa Gemmata.
Shrub, spreading, but bushy.

382 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

Branches, long, slender, flexible, almost glaucous.

Thorns, even, scattered, curved or straight ; those of
the old branches whitish; those of the young
ones red ; wanting altogether where the plant is
puny.

Leaves, distant ; dark or yellowish green, composed of
five or seven leaflets.

Stipules, narrow, plane, naked, fringed with glands,
red in the centre.

Leaflets, flat, oval, sometimes undulated, simply
toothed ; very glaucous underneath ; rather hairy
on the midrib.

Flowers, solitary on the branches ; numerous on the
offsets ; white, yellowish at the base, slightly fra-
grant ; first cup-shaped, afterwards spreading.

Flowerstalks, scaly, having glands and a few bris-
tles.

Tube of calyx, naked, oval.

Sepals, short, concave, oval, rather divided, in which
case glandulous and scaly.

Petals, oval, oblong, emarginated.

Stamens, permanent.

Disk, fleshy, high.

Ovaries, from fifteen to twenty-five.

Styles, united in a smooth column.

Fruit, round or oblong ; scarlet.

Found in the hedges and thickets throughout Eng-
land and France.

1 . Mountain Rose.

Rosa Arvensis Montana.

Shrub, smaller than the preceding.
Fruit, rather hispid.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 383

2. Hybrid Field Rose.
Rosa jlrvensis Hybrida.
Rosa Geminata.

Shrub, having thicker offsets, the shortest straight,
floriferous and multifloral ; with bristles scattered
on the branches.

Styles, detached.

Flowers, very large, in bouquets, semi-double ; of a
delicate flesh-colour.

Found in the neighbourhood of Wiirzburg, of Ver-
sailles, &c.

3. Rosa *4rvensis with foliaceous Sepals.

Sepals, bearing on three of the five from twelve to
fifteen linear lanceolated appendages; divergent.

Found in the forests of Normandy.

4. Rose with cohesive Styles.
Rosa Systyla.

Shrub, having the specific characters of the Rosa

Canina.

Offsets, straight.
Thorns, strong and crooked.
Leaflets, oval.
Fruit, oblong.

5. Lady Monson.

Rosa Systyla Monsonice.
Shrub, smaller than the preceding.
Floriferous branchlets, straight, stiff, terminated by a

large cluster of elegant flowers, slightly bristly.
Fruit, of a red-orange.

Found in a hedge near Watford; and removed to the
garden of Lady Monson, after whom it was named.

384 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

6. Systyle Rose with lanceolated Leaves.
Rosa Systyla Lanceolata.

Leaflets, oval-lanceolated, long, glossy, rugose.
Fruit, spherical.
Found in Ireland.

7. Ayrshire Rose.
Rosa Capreolata.

Shrub, having long, slender, thorny branches.
Flowers, numerous ; white, single, cup-shaped.

Raised at Loudon Castle, in Ayrshire, from seeds
imported from North America; but supposed by Lindley
to have been originally carried to America from Europe.

8. Full Field Rose.

Rosa Arvensis Rosea Plena.

Shrub, sarmentous.
Thorns, not numerous.

Leaves, composed of five light-green leaflets.
Flowers, very double, middle-sized ; red, united three
together.

II. Evergreen Rose.
Rosa Sempermrens .
Rosa Scandens.
Rosa Balearica.
Rosa Atrovirens.

SPECIFIC CHARACTERS.

Shrub, creeping.

Branches, very long, light green, feeble, much rami-
fied, reddish on one side.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 385

Thorns, slender, red, rather crooked.

Leaves, usually reverted, very glossy, often durable,

without pubescence, composed of five or seven

leaflets.

Stipules, red, narrow, reverted at the edges.
Leafstalks, armed with small crooked thorns.
Leaflets, oval or oval-lanceolated ; plane, simply

toothed, of a light green on the upper surface,

paler on the under.

Flowers, fragrant ; white, very numerous.
Floral leaves, naked, lanceolated, reflexed, spotted with

red.
Flowerstalks, naked and glandulous ; as well as the

tube of calyx.
Sepals, deciduous, oval-pointed, almost simple, scaly

and glandulous, shorter than the corolla.
Petals, ob-corded, convex.
Stamens, one hundred and thirty-eight to one hundred

and forty ; deciduous.
Disk, thick, conical.
Ovaries, thirty.

Styles, united in a long hairy column.
Fruit, round, small, of a red-orange.

This rose is found throughout the South of Europe .
France has furnished several sub-varieties.

ar utteg.

1. Evergreen Small-leafed Rose.
Rosa Sempervirens.
Microphylla Sempervirens.

Leaflets, sub-orbicular.
Flowers, white.

386 THE BOOK OP ROSES.

• 2. Flat Evergreen Rose.

Rosa Sempervirens Prostrata.
Shrub, with depressed stems.

3. Climbing Large-leafed Rose.
Sempervirens Major.
Sempervirens Macrophylla Scandens.

Shrub, with pendant leaves.

Leaflets, oval-lanceolated ; shallow toothing, curved
underneath.

Flowers, single, white; the styles as long as the sta-
mens ; united only by the interlacing of their
pubescence.

4. Double Evergreen Rose.

Flowers, semi-double, small ; white.

Styles, fifteen to twenty ; detached or slightly joined

together.
Fruit, oval.

5. Double Large Evergreen Rose.

Branches, sarmentous ; armed with thorns, intersper-
sed with glandulous hairs.

Flowers, middle-sized ; white, very double, numerous,
fragrant.

Styles, detached.

6. Heloise.
Branches, sarmentous.

Flowers, very double, well-formed j of a pinkish flesh-
colour.
Styles, detached.

7. Dona Maria.

Flowers, full, small, very pretty ; pure white.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 387

8. Princess Louisa.

Shrub, vigorous.

Stems, long, slender, armed with numerous scattered
thorns ; strong and straight.

Lea/lets, green and smooth on both surfaces, rather
acuminated, sharply and regularly toothed.

Flowers, united in clusters of from three to twenty ;
small, double; the petals expanding of a pale
pink, becoming pure white : the external ones
large ; those of the centre notched, and rather
curled.

9. Princess Mary.
Shrub, vigorous.

Stems, long and slender, armed with thorns less nume-
rous than the preceding.

Lea/lets, oval, pointed, with sharp toothing.

Flowers, in clusters of from three to twelve, small,
well formed, cup-shaped ; petals at first of a deep
red, becoming afterwards flesh-colour, sloped at
the summit.

10. Adelaide of Orleans.

Shrub, vigorous.

Stems, creeping, rather kneed.

Thorns, not numerous, reddish, short; even, scattered;

slightly curved.
Bark, smooth, glossy.
Leaves, composed of five leaflets.
Lea/lets, thick, oblong, rather acuminated; toothing

sloped and irregular.
Flowers, large, full, regular; pure white,

1 1 . Eugene d? Orleans.
Shrub, very vigorous.

s 2

388 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

Stems, thick, reddish, climbing, very smooth.

Thorns, not numerous, red, almost straight.

Leaflets, five or seven ; almost sessile, oval, smooth,

glossy, irregularly serrated.
Flowers, middle-sized, double; pale pink.

12. Melanie de Montjoie.

Shrub, vigorous.

Stems, sarmentous, lofty.

Thorns, not numerous, even, straight, scattered ; rather

dilated at the base.
Bark, glossy, tinged with red.
Leaves, distant.

Leafstalks, having a few bristles.
Leaflets, small, lanceolated, five in number ; of a

glossy green, the toothing small and inclined.
Flowers, middle-sized, full, regular ; white.

13. Leopoldine d' Orleans.

Shrub, vigorous.

Stems, and Branches, creeping.

Thorns, reddish, the greater number straight; some

slightly curved, dilated at the base ; scattered and

stipular.

Bark, glossy and smooth ; light green.
Leaves, divergent, with thorny leafstalks.
Leaflets, five, oblong, pointed; of a glossy green, with

fine shallow toothing.
Flowers, numerous, double, middle-sized; pale pink,

or flesh-colour.

14. Felicitc Perpetue.

Branches, red and creeping.
Thorns, scattered, rather crooked.

THE BOOK OF ROSES. 389

Leaflets, five or seven ; small, oval, lanceolated, sharply
toothed.

Leafstalks, reddish.

Flowers, middle-sized, full, regular ; of a pale flesh-
colour.

15. Abyssinian Rose.
Ro$a Myssinica.

Branches, climbing.

Thorns, strong, close set, scythe-shaped.

Leaflets, oval, durable, shorter than in the type, the

Sempervirens ; with a stalk larger at the point

than towards the base.

Petioles, rough, with unequal glands and bristles.
Flowerstalks, and Calyx, covered with thick down.

This variety was found by Mr. Salt in Abyssinia.

III. Rosa Multiflora.
Rosa Flava.
Rosa Florida.
Rosa Diffusa.

SPECIFIC CHARACTERS.

Shrub, lofty.

Branches, flagelliform, flexible.

Thorns, crooked ; in pairs under the stipules.

Leaflets, five or seven, near together, wrinkled, lanceo-
lated, obtuse, notched; of a dull green, hairy on
both sides.

Stipules, dilated at the base ; pointed, adherent, much
toothed, cottonous underneath.

Flowers, numerous, small, in bouquets, double; pale
pink.

390 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

Floral leaves, linear, much toothed, deciduous as well

as the flowerstalks.
Tube of calyx, turbinated.
Sepals, oval.
Styles, cottonous ; from eighteen to twenty -five ; longer

than the central petals ; united in a column.
Fruit, not crowned with sepals, turbinated ; light red.
This rose, a native of Japan, has furnished several
sub-varieties.

1 . Pink Rosa Multiflora.

Differing from the type in having oval, concave,
bracteal leaves, with toothed edges ; the styles detached.

Flowers, very small, full ; of a light or pale pink.

2. Double White Rosa Multiflora.
Flowers, almost white, slightly tinged with pink.

3. Rosa Thoryii.
Multiflora Platyphilla.
Multiflora Deep Pink.

Shrub, vigorous.

Branches, thicker than the preceding.

Stipules, long and linearly divided ; very slightly pu-

bescent.
Leaflets, larger, almost smooth on the upper surface f

teeth not bristly, curled underneath.
Flowerstalk, having brown glands.
Tube of calyx, rather tightened under the throat.
Sepals, two simple; two pinnatifid; one elliptic, or

pinnatifid on one side.
Flowers, small, double, or full; light pink or light

purple.

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 391

4. Red Small-leafed Multiflora.
Rosa Thory Parvifolia,

A dwarf, in all respects, of the preceding.
Flowers, double, small ; bright pink.

5. Rosa Gremllii.
Rosa Roxburghii.

Rosa Roxburghiana of Gardeners.
Shrub, smaller than the preceding.
Branches, very slender.
Thorns, slight.

Stipules, entire, small; simply ciliated.
Leaflets, narrow.
Tube of calyx, long.
Flowers, single, white ; the petals elongated.

Supposed by Laffay to be the type of the Multifloral
roses.

6. Multiflora Elegans.

Shrub, vigorous, of rougher bark than the preced-
ing.

Flowers, middle-sized, full, well formed ; white at the
circumference, deep pink in the centre.

7. Marbled Rosa Multiflora.

Shrub, much smaller than the type.
Flowers, double, small ; of a pink, marbled with pale
violet.

IV. Nepaul Rose.
Rosa Brunonii.
Rosa Brorvnii.

Shrub, having the appearance of the Musk rose.
Branches, vigorous ; rather hairy when old, the young

ones cottonous.
Thorns, scattered, short, strong, and crooked.

392 . THE BOOK OP ROSES.

Stipules, linear, adherent, subulated, and spreading at
the end ; glandular underneath.

Leafstalks, hairy, having a few small scythe-shaped
thorns.

Leaflets, five or seven ; lanceolated, flat, simply serra-
ted, hairy on both surfaces ; of a dull green on
the upper, pale and glandular on the under ; ser-
rature convergent.

Flowers, in bunches ; white, single.

Floral leaves, straight, lanceolated, hairy ; rolled in-
wards at the edge, glandular without.

Flower stalks, bristly, brownish, covered with glands.

Tube of calyx, oblong, villous.

Sepals, reflexed, longer than the petals ; nearly
simple.

Stamens, and Styles, resembling those of the Musk
rose.

Fruit, small, oval, red-orange.

This rose was sent from Nepaul by Dr. Wallich, and
named after the celebrated botanist Dr. Robert Brown.
It is now cultivated in the gardens of France and Eng-
land, but requires matting in severe frosts.

Nepaul Rose with double flowers.

Flowers, middle-sized, double, globular.
Petals, elongated ; of a dead white.

V. Rosa Setigera.
Bristly Rose.

SPECIFIC CHARACTERS.

Stem, erect, smooth, high.

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 393

Branches, smooth, sarmentous ; armed with two stipu-
lary thorns at the base of the leaves, and a few
others scattered.

Stipules, subulate.

Leafstalks, glandulous, armed beneath with crooked
thorns.

Leaflets, three or five ; oval, usually pointed ; smooth
of a light green on the upper surface, pale and
glaucous underneath, much nerved ; the teeth
sharp and simple.

Flowers, appearing in July, in multifloral clusters,
sometimes solitary ; red or pale pink ; the petals
large and ob-corded.

Sepals, very narrow, with a sharp point, often pinna-
tifid; cottonous, and covered on the edges with
bristles resembling the beard of a feather.

Floral leaves, narrow, opposite, lanceolated, acumi-
nated, often curved; smooth, and ciliated with
glands.

Flowerstalks, long, covered with bristles above the
floral leaves, glaucous and smooth underneath.

Styles, twice as long as the tube of the calyx ; united
in a smooth column, to the number of fifteen or
twenty.

Stamens, numerous, long, curved inwards.
Fruit, naked, globular.

This rose is a native of North -America ; but is
susceptible to frost when cultivated in Europe.

s3

394 THE BOOK OP ROSES.

TWELFTH TRIBE OF SPECIES III.

Rosa Trifoliata.
Rosa Lcemgata.
Rosa Sinica.
Rosa Hystrix.
Rosa Microcarpa.
Rosa Banksuz.

SPECIFIC CHARACTERS.

Shrub, climbing or creeping.

Branches, slender, sarmentous, flagelliform ; green,
smooth, unarmed, or very slightly armed.

Thorns, obliterated or slight, crooked, occasionally
straight.

Stipules, detached in half their length ; subulated,
very narrow, deciduous in part or wholly, some-
times fringed with glands or hairs.

Leafstalks, often naked, occasionally cottonous or
hairy ; armed underneath with small crooked
thorns.

Leaves, glossy, having almost invariably three leaf-
lets.

Lea/lets, oval-lanceolated, occasionally oblong or ob-
tuse ; simply toothed, without pubescence ; the
midrib sometimes hairy at the base.

Flowers, usually numerous, in clusters; occasionally
solitary ; chiefly white.

Flowerstalks, naked or bristly.

Floral leaves, obliterated, or small and deciduous.

Tube of calyx, hemispherical or oblong; smooth or
bristly.

Sepals, entire, or almost entire ; usually oval, pointed,
often stiff; having sometimes bristles or slight
thorns on the edges.

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 395

Petals, mostly entire.
Stamens, numerous.
Disk, fleshy, usually flat.

Fruit, oblong or globular ; usually crowned with stiff
sepals ; red or scarlet, or tinged with orange.

I. Rosa Trifoliata.
Rosa Nivea.
Rosa Ternata.
Rosa Cherokensis.

Branches, rambling; armed with scattered, reddish,
scythe-shaped thorns.

Leaves, very glossy, having three leaflets.

Stipules, bristly, deciduous, fringed with glands.

Leafstalks, not downy, armed with very numerous
small thorns.

Leaflets, oval-lanceolated, finely serrated ; bright green
on the upper surface, pale underneath ; the mid-
rib prickly.

Flowers, white, solitary.

Sepals, rigid, entire.

Fruit, orange-red ; muricate ; crowned with spreading
rigid sepals.

This rose, a native of China, has been for some
years introduced into our gardens.

Rosa Lcevigata.

Shrub, climbing.

Thorns, scattered, hooked.

Stipules, very narrow, united in half their length to

the leafstalk ; fringed with glands.
Leafstalks, naked.

396 THE BOOK OP ROSES.

Leaflets, three in number ; oval-lanceolated ; when

old coriaceous, glossy ; simply serrated, naked.
Flowers, large, white, solitary.
Flowerstalk, and Tube of calyx, bearing weak, uneven

bristles.
Sepals, spreading, ovate, with a point, entire, dilated

at the end ; a few bristles at their back.
Stamens, numerous.
Stigmas, in a mass ; large and woolly.
Disk, thickened.
Fruit, oblong, red; muricate, with stiff thorns ; crowned

with indurated sepals.

This rose is a native of the woods of Georgia, in
North America ; where it is said to climb to the sum-
mit of forest trees. It is not cultivated in gardens.

II. Rosa Hystrix.

SPECIFIC CHARACTERS.

Branches, flagelliform, green ; armed with numerous,
small, stiff, straight, uneven thorns ; a few being
large and scythe-shaped ; the small ones deciduous.

Leaves, distant.

Stipules, very narrow, united in half the length to the
leafstalk ; the detached portion deciduous.

Leafstalks, without down, having a few crooked thorns.

Leaflets, three in number ; oval, flat, shining, simply
serrated ; dark glossy green on the upper surface,
pale on the under ; the midrib prickly.

Flowerstalk, and Tube of calyx, purple ; bristled with
dense stiff hairs and thorns.

Sepals, durable, rigid, convergent, ovate, pointed,
nearly entire ; having a few stiff slender prickles ;
some of them on the edges.

THE BOOK OP ROSES. 397

Disk, flat, fleshy.
Styles, hairy, enclosed.
Flowers, large.

This rose is a native of China or Japan ; and has
been seen in Europe only in an imperfect state.

III. Banksian Rose.
Rosa Banksice.
Rosa Banksiana.
Rosa Inermis.

SPECIFIC CHARACTERS.

Shrub, thornless.

Branches, slender, climbing, dark green.

Stipules, subulated, sometimes hairy, deciduous.

Leafstalks, naked, occasionally hairy.

Leaves, composed of three, very rarely of five leaflets.

Leaflets, flat, oval-lanceolated, obtuse; often undula-
ted; simply serrated; naked, except at the base
of the midrib, which is hairy.

Flowers, numerous, white, small, very double, violet-
scented.

Floral leaves, small and deciduous.

Flowerstalks, naked, slender, thickened on the upper
end.

Sepals, ovate, pointed, entire.

Styles, detached, rather salient.

Fruit, unknown.

This beautiful rose was first noticed by Brown, in
the Hortus Kewensis, and named after the lady of Sir
Joseph Banks. It was taken to France by Boursault
in 1817.

398 THE BOOK OF ROSES.

j&ufc
1 . Sanksian Rose with white flowers.

Flowers, extremely small, very double, white ; expand-
ing from March till May ; highly scented with
violets.

2. Banksian Rose with yellow flowers.

Flowers, yellow, in clusters, scentless. Imported from
the botanical garden of Calcutta, where it is cul-
tivated under the name of Wong-moue-heong.

ALPHABETICAL LIST

OF THE SPECIES ADMITTED BY BOTANISTS;

t WITH THEIR SYNONYMS.

Species.

A

Type.

Abyssinica

Brown

sempervirens.

ACICULARIS . .

. Lindley.

Aciphylla . .

. Rau . . .

canina.

Adenophylla

. Willdenow .

cauina.

Affinis . . .

. Rau . . .

canina.

Agrestis . . .

. Savi Pis. .

rubiginosa.

ALBA ....

LijllUEUS.

ALPINA . . .

Linrueus .

Alpina . . .

. Pallas . .

rubella.

Alpina laevis

. Redout*

fraxinifolia.

Alpina pendulina

. Redout t

Alpina.

Ambigua . . .

Lindley

unknown.

Ancistrum . .

. Lindley

unknown.

Andegavensis .

Bat.Main. $Loir.

canina.

Apiifolia . . .

. Willdenow .

unknown.

Arborea . . .

. Persoon . .

moschata.

Aristata . . .

. Lapeyr.

cinnamomea.

ARVEXSIS . . .

Lindley.

Arvensis . . .

. Shranck

canina.

Arvensis . . .

Linnaeus

cinnamomea.

Arvina

. Krock . .

Gallica.

Atrovirens . .

Vivian

sempervirens.

Austriaca . .

. Crantz . .

GaUica.

B

Balearica . . .

Desfontainet .

sempervirens.

Balsamica . . .

. Willdenow .

unknown.

BANKSI/E . . .

Brown.

BELGICA . . .

. Pronville

Miller.

Beledca .

Poiret

centifolia.

Bengalensis . .

Persoon .

semperflorens.

Berberifolia . .

. Pallas

400

LIST OF THE SPECIES

Species. Type.

Biflora Krock . . Alpina.

Bifera Poiret . . Damascena.

Biserrata .... Merat . . rubiginosa.

Blanda Alton.

BLANDA .... Solander . fraxinifolia.

Blanda Pursch. . . nitida.

Borreri Woods . . rubiginosa.

BRACTEATA . . . Redout£.

Bractescens . . . Woods . . caaina.

Brevispina . . . Pronville . Evratina.

Brevistyla .... Decandolle . systyla.

BROWNII, or Brunonii Lindley

Burguudiaca . . . Persoon . . centifolia.

Burgundiaca . . . Roessig . . centifolia.

Caesia . .

Calendarum

Campanulata

Candida

Candolleana .

CANINA . .

Canina

Oapreolata

CAROLINA

Carolina

Carolina

Carolina . .

Caroliniana

Caryophyllea .

Caucasea .

Caucasica .

Celsii . . .

Centifolia

CENTIFOLIA

Centifolia minor

Cerea

Chamcerhodon

Chamnagana

Cherokensis

CHINENSIS

Chloropbylla

ClNNAMOMEA

Cinnamomea .

Smith

Munch.

Ehr. . .

Scop. .

Thory

Linn&us.

Decandolle

Neil , .

Lindley

Alton

Dill. . .

Lawrence

Michiet .

Poiret

Lindley .

Pallas

Lemaire .

Lindley .

Linnteus.

Roessig .

Roessig

Willdenow

Pronville

Donn

Jacq.

Ehr. . .

Linnaeus.

Redoute .

canma.

Damascena.

turbinata.

arvensis.

rubella.

rubiginosa.
sempervirens.

parvifolia.

lucida.

rubella.

parvifolia.

centifolia.

canina.

canina.

unknown.

provincialis.

centifolia.

eglantina.

spinosissima.

Noisettiana.

trifoliata.

eglantina.
rubrifolia.

ADMITTED BY BOTANISTS.

401

Species.
Clinophylla
Collina
Collina
Collincola .
Corallina
Corymibifera
Corymbosa
Corymbosa
Crantzii
Cuprea
Cuspidata
Cymbifolia

Damascena

DAMASCENA

Davinica .

DEMATRA .

Dibracteata

DifFusa

Diversifolia

Divionensis

Doniana

Dubea

Dumalis

Dumetorum

Dumetorum

Dumensis

Eglantina rubra

Eglantina . .

EGLANTINA

Eglantina punica

Enneophylla

Eriocarpa

EVRATINA

Fecundissima

Foetida

Foetida

Fastigiata

Farinosa

Redoute .

Type.
bracteata.

Shranck .

spinosissima.

Jacq. . .

canina.

Ehr. . . .

Majalis.

Willdenow .

unknown.

Gmel . .

canina.

Base . . .

fraxinifolia.

Ehr. . .

Carolina

Schullz . .

rubigiaosa.

Jacq. . . .

G allies.

Ball. . .

pulverulenta.

Lem. . .

unknown.

D

Duroi

Belgica.

Miller

Pallas . .

cinuamomea.

Decandolle

systyla.

Roxburgh

multiflora.

Vent. . .

semperflorens.

Roessig . .

centifolia.

Woods . .

Sabini.

Wibel . .

tomentosa.

Bechst. . .

canina.

Thuill. . .

canina.

Smith . .

rubiginosa.

Dod. . .

spinosissima.

E

Roessig . .

rubiginosa.

Miller . .

rubiginosa. •

Linn<£us.

Redoute

eglantina.

Raftn. . .

Carolina.

Lindley

unknown.

Base . . .

F

Moensch

cinnamomea.

Hermann

eglantina.

Bart. . .

tonientosa.

Bat. . . .

canina.

Rau, . .

tomentosa.

402

LIST OF THE SPECIES

Species,

Typi.

Fenestrata . . .

Donn . .

rubifolia.

FEROX ....

Lawrence.

Flava ....

D 01171 9 •

rubifolia.

Flexuosa

Ban . .

rubiginosa.

Florida ....

Pairet . .

multiflora.

Florida ....

Donn

Carolina.

Fluvialis ....

Flor. Dan. .

cinnamomea.

Foliosa ....

Lindley.

Francofurtensis . .

Roessig . .

turbinata.

Francofurtiana

Murch

turbioata.

Fraxinifolia . . .

Dum. C. . .

rapa.

Fraxinea . .

Willdenow

unknown.

Fusca

Jblo&risch •

aivensis.

G

Gallica ....

Linn&us .

provincialis.

Gallica hybrida . .

Ser. . . .

arvensis.

Gemilla ....

Willdenow .

Carolina.

Geminata

Ran . .

arvensis.

Glandulifera . . .

Roxb. . '

moschata.

Glandulosa . .

Bell. . . .

Alpina.

Glandulosa . .

Decandolle .

rubiginosa.

Glauca ....

Desf. . .

rubrifolia.

Glauca ....

Loisiel

canina.

Glaucessens

Mer. Wolf .

canina.

Glaucessens .

Wolf . . .

rubrifolia.

Glaucophylla .

Vinet . .

canina.

Glaucophylla . .

Ehr. . . .

eglantina.

GI.UTINOSA . . .

Smith.

Gracilis ....

Woods . .

villosa.

Grandiflora . . .

Lindley . .

spinosissima.

Grandiflora

Wallr. . .

rubiginosa.

Grevillii ....

Herit. . .

multiflora.

H

Halleri ....

Kroch . .

arvensis.

Helvetica . . .

Hall, f I.

rubiginosa.

Hemispherica . . .

Herm.

eglantina.

Herporhodon . . .

Ehr. . . .

arvensis.

Heterophylla . . .

Woods . .

tomentosa.

HIBERNICA .

Smith.

Hiberaica ....

Hooker . .

spinosissima.

Hispanica

Miller . .

unknown.

Hispida ....

Poiret . .

spinosissima.

ADMITTED BY BOTANISTS.

403

Species*
Hispida
Hispida
Hispida
Hispida
Holosericea
Hudsoniana
Humilis
Hybrida .
Hybrida
HYSTRIX

Type.

Moensch . .

Gallica.

Curtis . .

lutescens.

Thory . .

spinosissima.

Krock

Alpina.

Roessig . .

Gallica.

Thory

Carolina .

Marsh . .

parvifolia.

Villars . .

Alpina.

Schleich.

arvensis.

Lindley.

Incarnata . .
Indica ....

Miller . .
Linnaeus .

provincialis.
Banksiee.

Indica ....
Indica .

Lindley

-DCP/771 .

semperflorens.
odorBtB.

Indica pumila . .
Indica • •

Redoute . .
Fors.

odorata.
canina.

Indica ....

Redoute .

Chinensis.

Pronville .

odorata.

Inermis ....
Inermis ....

Miller . .
Roxb. . .

Alpina.
Banksiae.

Inodora ....
Involucrata

Agarth . .
Rorb. . .

rubiginosa.
bracteata.

INVOLUTA . . .

Smith.

Involuta ....

Vinet . .

Sabini.

K

Kamtschatica . . .
KAMTSCHATICA .

Donn . .
Vent.

rugosa.

Kamtschatica . .

Redoute . .

ferox.

L

Laevigata ....
Lagenaria ....
Lawrencea . . .
LAWRENCEANA

Mich. . .
Willd. . .
Bot. Mag. .
Swelt.

trifoliata.
Alpina.
Lawrenceana.

Lawrentiae

Andrews .

Lawrentiana.

LAXA ....

Leucantha . . .

Lindley.
Lois. .

canina.

Leucochroa . . .

Desv. . .

canina.

Longifolia ....

Lt'CIDA ....

Willdenow .
Ehr.

semperflorens.

Lucida ....

Loureiro

bracteata.

404

LIST OF THE SPECIES

Species.

Type.

Lucida ....

Andrews

rubrifolia.

Lute a

Miller, Lind.

eglantina.

Lutea

Brat. . .

eglantina.

Lutea bicolor . • .

Jacq.

eglantina.

LUTESCENS . * .

Pursh.

Lutetiana ....

Linn(£us .

unknown.

LYELLII ....

Lindley

Lyonii ....

Pursh. . .

Carolina.

M

Macartnea . . .

Dum. C.

bracteata.

Macrocarpa

Meur. Cat. .

unknown.

Macrocarpa . .

Merat

rubiginosa.

MACROPHYLLA . .

Lindley.

Majalis ....

Herm.

cinnamomea.

MAJALIS ....

Lindley.

Malencus doriensis .

Thory . .

unknown.

Marginata

Walr. . .

spinosissima.

Mauritana ....

Decundolle .

rubiginosa.

Micrantha

Smith

rubiginosa.

Microphylla . . .

Desf. . .

sempervirens.

MlCROPHYLLA . .

Roxb.

Microcarpa

Lindley .

Banksias.

Millesia ....

Linnaeus .

unknown.

Minor ...

Bauhin . •

cinnamomea.

Mollis

Smith •

tomentosa.

Mollissima . . .

Bork. . .

tomentosa.

Monspeliaca . . .

Gouan

Alpina.

Montana ....

Villars . .

arvensis.

Montana ....

De Cand.

arvensis.

Moutezumae . .

Humboldt

canina.

MOSCHATA

Miller.

MULTIFLORA

Thanh.

Multiflora ....

Reyn.

rubrifolia.

Muscosa ....

Miller . .

centifolia.

Mutabilis ....

Meur. Cat. .

unknown.

Mutica ....

F. Dan. . .

Majalis.

MYRIACANTHA . .

Decandolle.

Myrtifolia . . .

Hall.Jil.

rubiginosa.

N

Andrews . •

spinosissima.

Nankinensis . . .

Loureiro . .

grandiflora.

ADMITTED BY BOTANISTS.

405

Specie*.

Type.

Negluta ....

Lindley .

unknown.

Nemoralis . . .

Lindley . .

unknown.

Nemorosa ....

Lejeune .

rubiginosa.

Nitens ....

Merat . .

canina.

NITIDA ....

Willdenow.

Nivalis ....

Donn . .

involuta.

Nivea ....

Decandolle

trifoliata.

NoiSETTIANA . .

Bosc . . .

Nuda • • • * •

Woods . .

canina.

O

Obtusifolia . .

Desv. . .

canina.

ODORATA ....

Sweet. . .

Odoratissima . . .

Wait* . .

Odoratissima . . .

Scop. . .

rubiginosa.

Olympica ....

Donn

Gallica.

Opsostemma

Ehr. . . .

moschata.

Orbesseana . .

Redoute . .

Gallica.

P

Palustris ....

Moensck .

Carolina.'

Palustris ....

Buchanan

involucrata.

Parviflora ....

Ehr. . . .

parvifolia.

Parviflora ....

Lindley .

centifolia.

PARVIFOLIA .

Lindley.

Parvifolia ....

Pallai . .

myriacantha.

Pendula ....

Roth . .

rubella.

Pendulina

Linn&us .

Alpina

Pensylvanica . . .

Mich. . .

Carolina.

Pimpinellifolia

Linnaeus .

spinosissima.

Pimpinellifolia . .

Pallas . .

spinosissima.

Pimpinellifolia . .

VilUtrs . .

Alpina.

Pimpinellifolia

Buck. . .

grandiflora.

Pimpinellifolia

Redoute . .

spinosissima.

Platyphylla . . .

Ran . . .

canina.

Pollinana . . . .

Sprenghel

rubiginosa.

Polyanthos

Roessig . .

centifolia.

Polyphylla . . .

Willdenaw .

rubella.

Pomifera ....

Hermann .

villosa.

Pomponia

Decandolle .

centifolia.

Poterium ....

Lindley . .

unknown.

Prostrata ....

Lindley .

sempervirens.

Provincialis

Bull. . .

myriacantha.

406

LIST OF THE SPECIES

Species.

Type.

PROVINCIALIS

Miller . .

Pronville.

Provincialis . .

Lamarck .

centifolia.

Provincialis

SmitJt,

centifolia.

Pruinosa ....

Dcmn

pulverulenta.

Pseudo Indica

Lindley . .

Banksiae.

Pseudo rubiginosa

Lej. . . .

Dematra.

Psilophylla . . .

Ran . .

canina.

Pubescens . . .

Leman

unknown.

Pulchella ....

Willdenow

Gallica.

Pulchella ....

Woods . .

tomentosa.

PuLVEBULENTA

Bull.

Pumila ....

LinruBits . .

Gallica

Pumice a ....

MUler . .

eglantina.

Pusilla ....

Meur. Cat. .

Lawrenceana

Pygmea ....

Bull, . .

Alpina.

Pyrenaica . . .

Gouan

Alpina.

Pyrenaica

C. Smith

Alpina.

R

Ramenas ....

Thunb. . .

rugosa.

RAPA ....

Bosc.

Recurva ....

Roxb. . .

sinica .

Redutea rubescens .

Red. . . .

nitida.

Reduteana

Thory

spinosissima.

Remensis ....

Desf. . . .

centifolia.

Repens ....

Gmel

arvensis.

Repens ....

Moensch .

Gallica.

Reversa ....

Lindley . .

spinosissima.

Reynieri ....

Hall. . . .

rubiginosa.

Rosenbergiana . .

Thory

unknown.

Roxburgh!!

Hart. . .

multiflora.

RUBELLA ....

Smith.

Rubifolia ....

Brown

moschata.

RUBIGINOSA . . .

Linn&us.

Rubiginosa cretica

Red. . .

glutinosa.

Rubra

Lambert .

Gallica.

Rubra lucida . .

Roessig .

lucida.

Rubricanda . . .

Hall.fil.

rubrifolia.

RUBRIFOLIA . . .

Villars.

Rubrispina

Bosc . . .

nitida.

RUGOSA ....

Thunb.

Rupestris ....

Crantz . .

Alpina.

Rustica . . .

Leman .

unknown.

ADMITTED BY BOTANISTS.

407

Specie*.

Type.

SABIVI

Woods . .

Sanguisorbaefolia .

Donn . .

Spinosissima.

Sanguisorbae . . .

DHL . . .

rubella.

Sarmentacea . .

Woods . .

canina.

Sativa

Donn

alba.

Scabriuscula . . .

Smith . .

tomentosa.

Scandens ....

Miller . .

Sempervirens.

Scandens . .% .

Moensch . .

arvensis.

Scotica

Miller

Spinosissima.

SEMPERFLOREXS

Pronville.

Semperflorens carnea

Roessig . .

odorata.

Semperflorens minima

Roessig . .

Lawrenceana.

Semperflorens

Witldenow

Chinensis.

SEMPERVIRENS . .

Linneeus.

Sempervirens .

Rau . . .

rubiginosa.

Sempervirens .

Roessig . .

arvensis.

Sempervirens .

Roth . . .

rubiginosa.

Senticosa . . .

Ach. . . .

canina.

Saepium ....

Thuil. . .

rubiginosa.

Saepium ....

Bork. . .

canina.

SERICEA ....

Lindley.

Serpens ....

Ehr. . . .

arvensis.

SETIGERA ....

Mich.

SIMPLICIFOLIA . .

Salisbury.

Sinica ....

Alton . . .

trifoliata.

Solstitialis ....

Bess. . . .

canina.

SPIXOSISSIMA . .

Linnteus.

Spinosissima .

Lour. . .

sinica.

Spinosissima . . .

Gorier . .

Majalis

Spinosissima .

Moensch .

involuta.

Spinulifolia . . .

Thory . .

Dematra.

Stipularis ....

Merat . .

rubiginosa.

Stricta

Muhl. Lindley

rubella.

Stylosa

B. Desv. . .

canina.

Stylosa

Desv. . . .

svstvla

OJObJlO.

Suaveolens . .

Pursh. . .

rubiginosa.

Suavifolia ....

Lightfoot

rubiginosa.

Wtlldenow

rubella.

Sulphurea ....

Aiton &; Lind.

eglantina.

Subvillosa ....

Lindley .

unknown.

Surculosa ....

Woods . .

canina.

Sylvatica ....

Gait . . .

Gallica.

408

LIST OF SPECIES.

Species.

Sylvestris ....

Herm.

SYSTYLA ....

Lindley .

T

Taurica ....

Bui. . .

Teneriffensis .

Donn

Tenuiglandosa . . .

Merat

Ternata ....

Poiret

Tomentella . . .

Leman

TOMENTOSA .

Smith.

Trachyphylla .

Ran . .

TRIFOLIATA . . .

Bosc . .

Tryphylla ....

Roxb. . .

Tugu riorum .

Willdenvw

TURBINATA

diton.

Turbinata ....

Villars .

Turgida ....

Persoon .

,

V

Varians ....

Pohl , .

Verticiliacantlia . .

Merat

Velutina ....

Clairv.

VILLOSA ....

Linn&us.

Villosa

Duroi .

Villosa . ...

Villars .

Villosa

Pallas

Villosa minuta . .

Ran . .

Viminea ....

Lindley

Virginiana ....

Duroi

Virginiana ....

Miller

Virginiana

Hermann

U

Umbellata , . .

Leyser. .

Umbellata . . .

Leers . .

Unguiculata . .

Desf. . .

Urbica ....

Leman

Usitatissima . . .

Gat. . .

W

WOODSII

Lindley .

X

Xantliina ....

Lindley .

Type.
arvensis.

cmnamomea.

canina.

rubiginosa.

trifoliata.

unknown.

spinosissima.

Banksise.
arvensis.

Alpina.
rapa.

centifolia.
unknown,
myriacantha.

tomentosa.

tom^ntosa.

rubiginosa.

tomentosa.

spinosissima.

Carolina.

fraxinifolia.

rubella.

canina.

rubiginosa.

centifolia.

unknown.

alba.

Banksia?.

APPENDIX.

ALTHOUGH the present work pretends to treat only
of rose culture as practised by the French, it would
be unjust to pass over wholly without notice the
remarkable varieties obtained in our own country.
A list of the finest roses, of unquestionable English
origin, is therefore subjoined ; which the lapse of
a few years will probably enable us to double in
extent. In the families of the

ROSA CENTIFOLIA.
Rose Unique.

ROSACENTIFOLIAMUSCOSA

Blush Moss.

Mottled Moss.

Rivers' s 'Miniature Moss.

Pompon.

Clifton White.

Rivers' s Single.

Rivers' s Single Crimson.

Chelsea White.

ROSA GALLICA.
Prince of Wales.
Princess Victoria.

Superb Tuscan.
Wood Pigeon.

ROSA PROVINCIALIS.
White Globe.

ROSA HYBRIDA INDICA.
Brown's Superb.
Rivers's George IV.
Hybrid Stadtholder.
Holmes's Mandarin.
Lee's Wellington.

ROSA SPINOSISSIMA.

Scotch Roses.
Atrorubra.

T

410

APPENDIX.

Adelaide.

Apollo.

Blanda.

Calista.

Countess of Glasgow.

Daphne.

Erebus.

Flora.

Guy Mannering.

Hannibal.

Ivanhoe.

Juno.

Lady Finch Hatton.

Lady Baillie.

Marchioness of Lans-

downe.
Mrs. Hay.
Proserpine.
Purpurea.
Painted Lady.
Princess Elizabeth.
Pluto.

Queen of May.
Saturnia.
Sulphurea.
William IV.
Waverley.
Venus.

ROSA RUBIGINOSA.

Sweetbriars.
Chester.
Celestial.

Double Yellow.
Morning's Blush.
Royal.
Semi-double Scarlet.

ROSA ARVENSIS.
Ayrshire Roses.

Rivers's Ayrshire Queen.

Perthshire, or Blush.

Countess Lieven.

Dundee Rambler.

Elegans, or Double White.

Jessica.

Lovely Rambler.

Myrrh Scented.

Queen of the Belgians.

Rose Angle.

Ruga.

Splendens.

ROSA SEMPERVIRENS.
Scandens.

HYBRID DITTO.

Miller's Climber.
Watts' Climbing Provence

ROSA BIFERA.
Scotch Perpetual.
Stanwell Perpetual.

ROSA MOSCHATA.
Blush, or Frazer's Musk,

The most esteemed kinds of old roses are usually
sold by nurserymen at fifty shillings a-hundred :

APPENDIX.

411

the finest French, and other new varieties, seldom
exceed half a guinea a-piece. The average price
of roses is pretty nearly the same in France ; but
from the more abundant creation of varieties, new
roses pass more expeditiously to the price of old.

LAFFAY, (Rue Rousselet, Paris).

The most beautiful varieties originated by this
celebrated horticulturist, are as follow. The

Cent-feuille d'Auteuil.
Provins,FeuillesMarbrees
Irene. •

Damask Belle d'Auteuil.
Caroline Mitchell.
Gels (pleine).
Banksiana Flora.
Noisette a fleurs de Ma-

tricaire.
Alzonde.
Azelia.

Belle Fontange.
Berthezene.
Bouquet Tout Fait.
Clarisse Harlowe.
Delphine.
Demetrius.
Due de Broglie.
Heloise.
Kamellia Rose.
La Cherie.
La Fayette.

La Sylphide.

Borbonia Lilacina.

Faustine.

Grand Conde.

Lady Granville.

Jeanne d'Albret.

Greville Minor.

Lemercier.

Le Sombre.

Mademoiselle.

Racine.

Salicetti.

Ternaux.

Turenne.

Triomphe de Flore.

Belle -Elise.

Belisaire.

Due de Grammont.

Duchesse d'Abrantes.

Duchesse d' Orleans.*

Indica Odoratissima.

Le Fakir.

• A new variety of perpetual Damask.
T 2

412

APPENDIX.

La Modeste.

Lute sc ens Mutabilis.

Madame de Sevigne.

Nymphe Eg6rie.

Pauline Borghese.

Princesse Charlotte.

Acanthee.

Afranie.

Amiral Duperre.

Archiduc Charles.

Bardon Blanc.

Bigottini.

Catherine II.

Comtesse Salisbury.

Darius.

Delton.

Etna.

Fabvier.

Flavia.

Frederic "Weber.

Grison.

Kamellia Rouge.

La Beaute.

La Coquette.

Alzire.

Amadis.

Beaute.

Bonne Genevieve.

Brennus.

Corre de Boisgeloup.

Chatelain.

Columel.

Coupe d' Amour.

Cymadocee.

Daubenton.

Duke of Devonshire.

Duchesse de Montebello.

Eliza Fenning.

General Bernard.

General Pajal.

General Theard.

General Lamarque.

Parny.

Regulus.

Victor Hugo.

Victor Tracy.

CELS, (of Paris).

This horticulturist possesses five new roses of
the present season, eminently beautiful.

Berberidifolia Hardii, (ori-
ginally obtained at the
Luxembourg, at present
sold at one guinea).

Cels Multiflora.

Archiduchesse Therese

Isabelle.

Lady Warrender.
Prince Esterhazy.

APPENDIX.

413

JOLY, (of Wissous, Seine et Marne,)
has recently produced

La Grenadine, (flowers
the colour of the pome-
granate).

Provins Pompon.

Louise Leneyeux.

Hundred-leaved Provins.

Large-clustering Provins.

Thornless Tea Rose.
Bengale Chiffonne>,

(beautiful).
Wissous Bengal.
Desiree Provins.
Bizarre sans Fruit, (very

curious).

VIBERT, (of Longjumeau).

Vibert, well known to rose-fanciers by his valu-
able " Essai sur les Roses," produces every season
important varieties. The most beautiful which
belong to the year 1836, are the

Nicette.

Isaure Lablee.

La Ville de Bruxelles,

(damask with peculiar

foliage).

Christine d'Orgy.
White Portland.
Adele de Senanges.
La Princesse de Montford,

pink spotted.
Athanais, red spotted.
Peddy.
Brisei's.
Nisida.

Le Due d'Avray, purple.
Ponctuee, pink spotted.
Horatius.

Anacharsis.

Agnodice.

D'Agnesseau.

Henrion de Paussy.

Isabelle II.

Isoline.

La Ville de Gand.

Mathieu Mole, violet.

Maritorne.

Quitterie, fine crimson.

Rosamonde.

Sobieski.

Timarette. (This rose and
the ten following are
punctuated, and of the
Provins kind).

Juanita.

414

APPENDIX.

Agamede.

Lucile Duplessis.

Andre Thouin.

Seguier.

Anacreon.

Delille.

Le Prince de Chimay.

Sablee.

Arethuse, pink, spotted ;

variegated foliage.
Valmore Desbordes.
Melanie Waldor.
Flora.
Gloriette.

INDEX

VARIETIES AND SUB-VARIETIES.

Abattucci, 230.

Abelard, 198.

Acantha, 306.

Acicular, 132.

Adelaide of Orleans, 387.

Adele Heu, 231.

Admirable panachee, 208.

Admiration, 156.

Adonis, 220.

Adsire, 329.

Afranie, 341.

African, 331.

Agathe, ten-hearted, 202.

glaucous-leafed, 202.

crowned, 157.

of Malmaison, 204.

of Rome, 204.

Duchesse d' Angou-
leme, 191.

en plumet, 204.

incomparable, 204.

magnifique, 219.

majestueuse, 170.

manchette, 161.

Maria Louisa, 204.

new, 203.

ombree, 219.

porcelain, 202.

precieuse, 204.

Agathe, prolifere, 203.

pink, 204.

rose, 157.

royal, 203.

Sommesson, 161.

evergreen, 297.
Agla6 Ad am son, 197.

de Marsilly, 221.
Agnes Sorel, 200.
Aigle Brun, 207, 252.
de Prusse, 252.
Noir, 252.
Aimable Beaute", 225.

Eleonore, 167.

Emma, 222.

6trangere, 141.

Felix, 268.

Hortense, 224.

Sophie, 222.
Aimee, 227.
Aimee Roman, 236.
Alba maxima multiplex, 266.
Alba regia, 269.
Alba Victoria, 267.
Aldegonde, 243.
Aline, 321.
Alix, 213.

Alphonse, Maille, 330,
Alphonsine, 321.
Alaonde, 355.
Amadis, 335.

416

INDEX.

Amaranth, 319.
Amelia, 166, 273.

of Orleans, 203.
Admiral de Rigny, 242.
Amoureuse, 231.
Amphitrite, 231, 315.
Anacreon, 244.
AnaVs, 244.
Anarelle, 162.
Anastasia, 287.
Anatole, 203.

de Montesquieu, 368.
Ancelin, 166.

Ancient diadem of Flora, 212.
Andromache, 231.
Anemone, 241.

ancienne, 241.

hundred-leaved, 187

crimson, 319.

pink, 311.
Angevine, 359.
Animating, 309.
Anna, 311.
Anne Boleyn, 223.
Anne of Brittany, 313.
Antigone, 221.
Antiope, 339.
Antoinette, 267.
Aphrodite, 237, 312.
Apollonia, 354.
Archbishop of Mechlin, 211.
Archidamia, 238
Archduke Charles, 222.
Arethusa, 245, 325.
Argentee, 162, 315.
Ariadne, 245.
Aricia, 217.
Armantine, 271.
Armide, alba.
Armide, 271, 366.
Arnault, 338.
Artemisia, 190.
Arvensis with foliaceous sepals
383.

Assemblage of beauties, 256.

Astrea, 304.

Astrolabe, 326.

Athalia, 230.

Athalin, 332.

Athenais, 221.

Atropurpurea, 318.

Ash -leafed, 98.

Augustine, purple, 157, 250.

Aurora, 360.

Ayrshire rose, 384.

Azelia, 200.

Azema, 221.

B.

Babet, 165.
Bacchus, 287.
Bandeau of Solyman, 254.
Banse, 315.
Barbanegra, 255.
Bardon, 303.
Baron Louis, 113,
Baronne de Cressac, 329.
Baronne de Stael, 236.
Batarde du roi, 190.
Bazaris, 211.
Belladonna, 303.
Belle Africaine, 252.

A gathe , flesh-coloured,
191.

Alix, 366.

Alliance, 210.

Antide, 183.

Aspasia, 245, 366.

Augusta, 196.

Aurora, 212, 270.

Catalani, 197.

Damas, 164.

d'Aunay, 197.

d'Auteuil, 159.

de Cels, 195.
Crecy, 339.
Fontenay, 212.
Hesse, 241.

INDEX.

417

Belle de Monza, 241.

Plaisance, 316.

Segur, 270.

Storrs, 227.

Trianon, 221.

Vaucresson, 196.
Elisa, 271.
Emilie, 205.
Esquimaux, 245.
Estelle, 141.
Faber, 172.
Flamande, 157.
Florentine, 221.
Fontagne, 354.
Gabrielle, 310.
Hebe, 313.
H£lene, 191, 222, 250,

305.
Henriette, 372.

pink, 372.
double pink,

372.

Herminia, 205, 212.
Hortense, 200.
Iphigenia, 155.
Juno, 222, 234.
Laura, 138, 139, 140,

147.

Lilliputienne, 379.
Matilda, 144.
mignonne, 226.
mode, 217.
Ninon, 244.
Pradher, 355.
Rosine, 166.
Stephanie, 155.
sans flatterie, 241.
Ternaux, 250.
Theophile, 228.
Therese, 274.
Traversi, 303.
Victorine, 166.
\~illaresi, 308.
Beaute, 313.

Beaute du jour, 199.
riante, 212.

surprenante, 228.

tendre, 269.

crimson, 236.

vive, 332.
Belgica rubra, 231.
Belgic, 152.

pink, 169.
Belisarius, 159.
Bengal black, 319.

willow-leafed, 307.

peach-leafed, 307.

full-flowered, 310.

large-leafed, 310.

hyacinth-scented, 363.

nastur ti urn- scented ,
375.

with striped petals.

bichon, 375.

white, 302.

glossy-leafed, 302.

sarmentous, 302, 304.

brilliant, 308, 31 6, 376.

camellia, 306.

hundred-leaved, 310.

Cypress, 122.

of Florence, 315.

of Dubreuil, 348.

starry, 313.

Dutch, 124.

Juno, 315.

lucida, 302.

Maheca, 124.

Newman, 348.

paniculated,124.

flesh-coloured pompon,
329.

pompon, 378.

spotted, 320.

purple, light, 314.

purple, semi-double.

purple, single, 376.

blood-red, 375.
T 3

418

INDEX.

Bengal violet, 124.
Benlomond, 145.
Benyowski, 241.
Beranger, 326.
Berenice, 197, 316,
Berlin, 360.
Betzi, 191.
Bichonne, 375.
Bifera'.Venusta, 174.
Bigottini, 306.
Bisson, 311.
Bizarre, 246.

changeable, 205.
China, 331.
flame-coloured, 217.
incomparable, 330.
triumphant, 209.
Blue China rose, 375.
Bobilina, 322.
Boieldieu, 222.
Bonne Genevieve, 333.
Botzaris, 317.

Buckler of Astolpho, 254, 255.
Bougainville, 362.
Boule Hortensia, 170.
Boulotte, 331 .
Bourbon, 347.

full-flowered, 349.
flesh-coloured, 348.
everlasting, 348.
Bourduge, 375.
Boursault, 123, 202.

d ouble-flo we ring,

123.

full-flowered, 123.
full, 123.

Bouquet Charmant, 252, 287.
parfait, 203, 276.
purple, 205.
superb, 232.
tout fait, 355.
Bracelet of love, 241.
Bracteolated, 89.
Brennus, 333.

Briard, 284.
Bridget, 250.
Brilliant, 108, 235.
Briseis, 198.
Britaanicus, 251.
Brown's, 392.
Buffon, 174.
Burdin, 328.
Buret, 364.
Byron, 187.

C.

Calypso, 122, 329.
Cameleon, 317.
Camellia, burnet-leafed, 137.
white, 303.
pink, 327.
red, 317.

Camille Boulan, 275.
Camuzet, 336.

flesh-coloured, 330.
Cannabina, 266.
Candide, 198.
Cinnamon, 94.

of France, 96.
of Rivers, 96.
Caprice of Zephyr, 157.
des dames, 399.
Capricorn, 232.
Carbonara, 362.
Carmine,

brilliant, 317.
bordered, 219.
Carmosina, 236.
Carolina, 94, 106.

with geminated flow-
ers, 103.
common, 102.
Caroline of England, 273.
of Brunswick, 304.
of Berry, 184.
Mailte, 174.
Ternaux, 355.
Carder, 162.

INDEX.

419

Casimir P6rier, 218.
Castel, 271.
Catherine II., 343.

of Medicis, 237.
Cecile Loisiel, 267.
Celanire, 275.
Celeste, 224.

blanche, 265.
Celestine, 162, 222, 305.
Celinette, 146.
Cels, full, 19$.
Centifolia, or hundred-leaved,

152, 177.
bordered, 187.
crested, 178.
celery-leafed, 181.
cabbage-leafed, 182.
oak-leafed, 181.
currant-leafed, 181.
lettuce-leafed, 182.
elm-leafed, 182.
round-leafed, 182.
single flowers, 187.
thick-stemmed,190.
silvery, 157, 191.
common, 184.
of Anjou, 191.
Auteuil, 205.
Avranches, 163.
Bourdeaux, 192.
Hesse, 273.
Holland, 192.
La Hogue, 185.
Nancy, 185.
Descemet, 184.
painters, 184.
Robin, 185.
heterophylla, 182.
foliaceous, 184.
dwarf, 188.
variegated, 183.
flat, 158.
cherry -coloured,
166.

Centifolia, virginal, 186.

Varin, 185.
Chamnagana, 357.
Chancellor of England, 238.
Changeable, 211.
Chaptal, 275.
Chariclea, 309.
Charles X., 254, 358.
Charles Augustus, 229.
Charlotte, 146, 265.
Charlotte Delacharme, 206.
Charmante, 314.

Isidore, 206.
Charpentier, 141.
Chateaubriand, 333.
Chausse"e, 271.
Chenier, 322.
Cherance, 353.
Cherie, 366.
Chevrier, 200, 335.
China, 300, 306.
Chinese, 305.
Chimene 367.
Chlo6, 356.
Cicris, 246.
Circassian, 192.
Cire d'Espagne, 237.
Clara, 239, 312.
Claire d'Olban, 161.

de Cressac, 332.
Cloisigny, 255.
Claire, 186.
Clarissa, 313.
Clelia, 191.

C16mence Isaure, 222, 291.
Clementine, 206, 287.
Cleodore, 200.
C16onice, 161, 367.
Cleopatra, 193.
Chloe, 349.
Cloris, 269.
Clotilda, 222.
Cockade, 232.

royal, 224.

420

INDEX.

Cockade red, 232.

Jacobea, 238.
Col de Berry, 270.
Colbert, 315.
Colette, 233.
Colocotroni, 319.
Compton, 112, 316.
Comte de Coutard, 318.

Breteuil, 333.

Foy.

Foy, 208, 222.
Comtesse, 246.

Daru, 355.

de Chamois, 187.

de Coutard, 326.

de Fresnel, 361.

d'CEltingen, 187.

d'Orloff, 361.

Langeron, 175.
Constance, 163.
Constant de Rebecque, 361.
Coustantine, 233.
Conquete de Jacques, 337.
Convenable, 242.
Coquette, 195, 317.
Coraly, 161, 358.
Cora, 245.
Corcelles, 335.
Cordon bleu de Baltel, 236.

bleu, 244.
Corinna, 215.
Cornelia, 212.
Corvisart, 322.

foetid, 261.

scabriusculous, 90.
Coupe d' amour, 327.
Crown of Ariadne, 223.
imperial, 250.
royal, 235.
Courtenay, 113.
Courlin, 199.
Courtier, 304.
Coutard, 327.
Couture.

Crimson of the Alps, 239.
spotted, 206.

Creralis, 246.

Croix d'honneur, 239.

Cuisse de nymphe, 269.

nymphe emue, 269.
nymphe, with
smooth ovalis, 269.

Cumberland, 196.

Cupid, 313.

Cybele, 252.

Cypris, 122.

I).

Dahlia, pink, 312.
Dalbret, 365.
Damask, 153.

silvery, 162.

variegated, 164.

of Cartier, 162.

of the Luxembourg,
156.

purple, 164.
Dame blanche, 155.
Damossine, 88.
Daphne, 225.
Darius, 314.
Davoust, 325.
De Candolle, 140.
Deesse Flore, 155.
Dejanira, 193.
De Laborde, 322.
Delacroix, 326.
Delatour, 326.
Delicatesse, 162.
Delight of Flanders, 228.

spring, 141.
Delicieuse, 232.
Ddille, 236.
Delphine Gay, 156.
Dematra, small-leafed, 263.
Demetrius, 355.
Denon, 305.
D6saix, 323.

INDEX.

421

Desbrosses, 212.
Descemet, 242, 331.
Desespoir des amateurs, 171.
Desfontaines, 233.
Desfosses, 328.
Deshoulieres, 232.
Desiree.
Desprez, 352.
Deuil, 206.
Devaux, 315-
Devergnies, 337.
Diadem of Flora, 268.
Diana of Poitiers, 272.
Dido, 242, 314.
Dieudonne, 337.
Donna Maria, 386.
Don de 1' amitie, 225.
Dominante, 221.
Dorothea, 232.
Dositee, 237.
Duboccage, 323.
Dubourg, 244.
Dubreuil, 171.
Duke of Bavaria, 191, 199.
Beaufort, 249.
Berry, 251.
Bordeaux, 242, 320.
Broglie, 354.
Chartres, 156, 333.
Choiseul, 183,346.
Grammont, 341.
Guiche, 242. .
Orleans, 231.
Wellington, 331.
Duchess of Angouleme, 191,

196.
Angouleme, (A-

gathe) 204.
Berry, 223.
Colle, 251.
Cornwall, 230.
Grammont, 163,

364.
Lavaliere, 309.

Duchess of Montebello, 328.

Oldenburg, 223.

Parma, 320.

Reggio,213,337.
Dragee scented, 176.
Ducis, 334.
Dufresnois, 364.
Dupuytren, 250.
Duroc, 323.

E.

Eblouissant, 376.
Ecossaise, 317.
Eel at ant.
Edwards's, 347.
Egeria, 272.
Eglantine, 291.

scarlet flowers,
pink flowers, 284.
with round fruit,

285.

Isle of France, 348.
fragrant, 278.
double fragrant,284.
Eglantiere, 279.
Elegant, 204.

Bengal, 325.
full-flowered, 324.
garden, 100.
Eleonide, 365.
Elia, 318.
Eliza, 271.

white, 271.
Descemet, 230.
Fenning, 327.
Walker, 156.
Elvinia, 309.
Elvira, 286, 309.
Emmeline, 297.
Emilie Mauger, 176.
la jolie, 205.
Levert, 319.
Emilina, 312, 337.

422

INDEX.

Empereur couronne, 235.

de Russie, 242.
Empress of Russia, 196.
Holland, 170.
Enchanted, 228.
Enchantress, 224.
Enfant de France, 227, 269.
France, new, 240.
Eponine, 206.
Erigone, 246.
Ernestine, 274.
Esponia, 254.
Etienne, 304.
Etna, 308.
Eucharis, 213.
Eugene, 243.

d'Orteans, 387.

de Maille, 233.
Eugenie, 225.
Euphroisine, 233, 323.
Eusebe de Salver te, 345.
Eve, 364.
Exuberant.
Eynord, 332.
Eyries, 334.

F.

Fabvier, 320.
Fakir, 345.
Fanny Bias, 213.

Rousseau, 270.

Somesson, 275.
Faustina, 105, 164, 350.
Favourite, 156.
Felicia, 365.
Felicie, 247.

Boitard, 202.
Felicit6, 169.

perpetue, 388.
FeUix, 376.
Fenelon, 254, 316.
Feu brillant, 238.
variegated, 254.

Feu Turc, 244.

de Vesta, 255.
Fidele, 197.
Fidelia, 229.
Flamboyante, 220.
Flavia, 318.

Flowers of sulphur, 305.
Venus, 317.

Florida, 103, 122, 329, 389.
Florine, 273.
Foncier, 303.
Fontenelle, 246.
Formidable, 324.
Fouche, 223.
Frankfort, 165.
Franfois Jongleur, 160.
Fran9oise de Foix, 329.

G.

Gabrielle, 323.

d'EstrSes, 272.
Gabina, 246.
Gaillarde, 186.

marbled, 206.
Galatea, 223, 225.
Gallica vermilion, 220.

Portland, 153.
Ganganelli, 243.
Gamier, 332.
Gassendi, 231.
Gauffree, 376.
General Delaage, 334.

Desaix, 213.

Foy, 161, 216.

Thiard, 335.
Gentil, 233.
Georgian, 198, 324.
Georgina Mars, 211.
Globe, white, 195.

celestial, 195.
Globuleuse.

Gloire des pourpres, 248.
Gloria mundi, 225, 251.

INDEX.

423

Gloria florum, 230.
Glorieuse, 241, 251.
Glycere, 170.
Goliath, 201.
Gracieuse, 174.

burnet-leafed, 142.
Gracilis, 257, 273, 322.
Grain, d'hort, 254.

d'or, 254.
Great Apollo, 249.
Grand Berkam, 18.5.

Clovis, 243.

Cond6, 238.

Corneille, 239.

Mogul, 246.

Agathe, 207.

monarque, 224.

palais, 198.

papa, 239.

pompadour, 334.

sultan, 224.

triomphe, 192.

turban, 224.

bichon, 236.

brique, 197.
Grande couronnee, 195.

divinit^, 247.

Henriette, 224.

merveilleuse, 198.

maculee, 207.

obscurite, 253.

Pivoiue, 166.

de Lille, 192.

souveraine, 224.

sultane, 196.

Tartare, 161.
Grandesse royale, 243.
Grandeur royal, 243.

triomphante, 232.
Grandidier, 236.
Green d' hoor, 254.
GreviUe, 391.
Grison, 305.
Gros major, 239.

Gros Chalons, 247.

Great Dutch hundred-leaved,

184.
Gue"rin, 334.

H.

Haitienne, 338.
Hardy, 303.
Hebe, 193.
Heloise, 386.
Henri IV., 163, 231.
Heraclius, 330.
Heritier, 124.
Hedgehog, 86, 87.
Herminie, 206.
Hervey, 239.

full-flowered, 236.
Hermit, 318.
Hemp-leafed, 266.
Hessian anemone, 288.

lilac hybrid, 288.

Nikita, 288.

full purple, 289.

deep pink, 288.

full, 288.

Heterophylla, 182.
Honorine, 366,

d'Esquerne, 205.
Hortense, 200, 224.
Hudson, 110.

Hybrid, large flesh-coloured,
142.

pink, 326.

Bengal Juno, 326.

of Brown, 346.

of the Luxembourg,
331.

fringed, 332.
HymSne'e, 342.

Idalise, 233.

424

INDEX.

Isle of France, 348.
Ildefonso, 244.
Illustrious, 241.

beauty, 163.
in beauty, 190.
Incomparable (Agathe), 204.

of Lisle, 224.
Indica major, 328.
Interessante, 252.
Invincible.
Involucrata, 89, 91.
Irene, 138, 193.
Irena, 355.
Isabella, 207, 311.

of Orleans, 353.

of Colvert, 207.
Isoline, 163.
Ishmael, 309.
Ismene, 259.
Ismenia, 366.

Jacques.
Jacquin, 314.
Jay, 287.
Jean Bart, 254.
Jeanne d'Arc.

d'Abret, 213, 350.
Jane Grey, 219.

Hachette, 175.
Shore, 307.
Jenner, 323.
Jenny, 141.

Delacharme, 231.
Jessaint, 201.
Jeune Bergere, 265.

Henri, 175.
Jezabel, 245.
Josephine, 174, 207.

Antoinette, 159.
Beauharnais, 270.
of Hoenzollern,

160.
Maille, 234.

Judicelli, 321.
Juno, 234.

full-flowered, 234.

silvery, 169.
Junia, 356.
Justine, 198.

K.

Kamtschatka, 87.

single, 88.

Karaiskaki, 219, 330.
Keratry, 332.
Klein, 311.
King, (see Roi,) 215.

Labrador, dwarfed.
Labbey de Pompieres, 230.
Lady Balcombe, 309.

Fitzgerald, 203.

Finch Hatton, 148.

Monson, 383.

Morgan, 237.

Tankerville, 251.
Lafayette, 358.

variegated, 365.
Laffay, 318.
Laitiere, 155.
Lamarque, 352.
Laodicea, 211.
La plus belle des violettes,

251.
La Rochefoucault Liancourt,

207, 324.
Lavalette, 243.
Lavoisier, 249.
Lawrance, 300.
Lawrance of Chartres, 378.

single, 378.

Lawranceana mouche, 379.
white, 379.

INDEX.

425

Lawranceana bi-coloured, 379.
crimson, 379.
unguiculated, 379.
with horizontal
branches, 379.
Leander, 226.
Lebrun, 310.
Lee, 234.
Legere, 354.
Lelieur, 172, 30-1, 319.
Lemercier, 318.
Leocadie, 196.
Leonidas, 220.
Leontine, 214.
Leopoldine of Orleans, 388.
Lepida, 303.
Leroux, 324.
Lesbia, 366.
Leufroy.
Lilac pink, 306.
Lincelle, 220.
Lindley, 116.
Lodoiska, 175.
Lord Byron, 314.

Wellington, 219.
Louis XII., 243.

XIV., 224, 232.

XV.

XVI.

XVIII., 223.

XVIII., new, 249.
Louise Leneveux.
Lucretia, 232, 324.
Ludovicus, 251.
Lully, 317.
Lyell, 89, 92.
Lyre of Flora, 226.

If.

Mably, 324.
Macartney, 90.

double, 91.

semi-double, 91.

Maclovia, 304.

Macrophylla bisserrulata, 275.

Maculated, 210.

of Buret.
Madame Roland, 201, 235.

Christophe, 252.

de Tressan, 157.
Mademoiselle, 214.

Boursault, 202.
Nova, 253.
Magi, 199, 233.
Magnifique, 234.

cherry-coloured, 234.
Majestueuse, 219.
Malmort, 311.
Malton, 340.
Malvina, 216.
Manette, 230.
Marion, 202.
Manteau Royal, 239.

Imperial, 251.
Marguerite, 210, 308.
of Anjou.

Maria Foamier, 311.
Leonida, 91.
Louisa, 157.
Marianne, 367.
Mary, 338.

Marie de Coursac, 326.
Josephine, 225.
Mary Stuart, 208, 311.
Marinette, 199.
Marjolin, 255.

Marquis de la Romana, 225.
Marx, 136.
Maubach, 334.
Mauget, 219.
Maximus, 239.
Mechin, 353.
Mehul, 249.
Melanie, 324.

de Montjoie, 388.
Melina, 312.
Mere Gigogne, 193, 376.

426

INDEX.

Marvel of the universe, 217.

world, 170.
Messina, 197.
Mezerai, 286.
Miaulis, 334.
Microphylla striata, 93.
Mienne, la, 164.
Mignonne, 146.
Milton, 353.
Minette, 272.
Mirror of the ladies, 168.
Miss Compton, 316.
Miss Lawrence, 259.
Mithridates, 238.
Moderne, la, 173.
Moses, 237.
Moliere, 306.
Monica, 274.
Monsieur, 239.
Montezumae, 296.
Mon tresor, 247.
Mordaunt Delany, 363.
Mort de Virginie, 250.
Moyenne, 338.
Moss rose, hemp-leafed, 180.

sage-leafed, 180.

anemone, 181.

pale-flowered, 17 9.

white, 179.

new white, 179.

flesh - coloured,
181.

coccinee, 180.

common, 179.

of painters, 180.

gracilis, 179.

variegated, 178.

purple, 180.

everlasting, 155.

pink, 179.

deep-pink, 180.

red, 180.

semi-double, 181.

single, 179.

Moss rose, Vilmorin, 179.
Multiflora, 389.

marbled flowers,
391.

pink, 389.

double-white, 390.

of Holland, 192.

elegant, 391.

deep pink, 390.

small-leafed red,

390.
Musk rose,

single, 370.

ever-blowing, 357.

armless, 371.

N.

Nadiska, 199.

Nankin, 135.

double, 135.

Napoleon, 248.

Neapolitan, 254.

Narcissus, 304.

Natalie de Pronville, 211.

Nathalia, 310.

Neala, 219.

Negress, 253.

Nereid, 304.

Neron, 336.

Neumann.

Newton, 338.

Nicetas, 307, 312.

Nigritiana, 252, 253.

Nikita, 288.

Nini, 310.

Ninon de 1'Enclos, with varie-
gated leaves and flowers,
208.

Niobe, 225.

Noble flower, 226.

Noble purple, 247.

Noemie, 339.

Noisette, yellow-hearted, 352.

INDEX.

427

Noisette, large flowers, 354.
lilac, 368.
single, 361.
solitary, 356.
hyacinth-scented, 363.
reflexed petals, 358.
small flowers, 356.
small red flowers,

362.
drooping branches,

364-.

of Anjou, 359.
semi -double white,

351.

single white.
Camellia, 363.
flesh-coloured, 357.
Cupid, 313.
L£gere, 354.
spotted, 364.
purple, 362.
deep purple, 367.
prolific, 355.
climbing, 357.
ranunculus, 357, 367.
pink, 362.
pink of Angers,
red, 362.
sarmentous, 358.
Noire couronnee, 206.
Nora, 325.

New grand monarque, 213.
triumph, 156, 225.
elm-leafed, 225.
Eloise, 203.
Provins, 198.
poppy rose, 200.
Redoute, 286.
Nubian, 334.
Nymph, 344.

O.

Obscurite, 251.

Octavie, 214.

Octavie (of Vibert), 214.

Odorous, 321.

CEillet, white, 168.

pink, 160, 178.
Olympia, 317.
Olympus, 157.
Ombree parfaite, 208.
Ombre pr6cieuse, 252.
Ophyr, 372.
Ornement de carafe, 225.

de la nature, 241.

de parade, 225.

des rouges, 230.

des vierges, 265.
Orpheus, 239, 366.

of Lisle, 157.
Orphise, 248.
Oriental, 247.
Osiris, 303.
Otaheitan, 220.
Othello, 239.
Ourika, 252.

P.

Paillard, 337.
Pallavicini, 310.
Pallas, 162.
Palmyra, 172.
Pamela, 225.
Panache"e superbe, 226.
Parfaite Agathe, 242.
Parnassina, 88.
Parure des vierges, 168.
Parny, 328.
Passe princesse, 243.

Velours, 253.
Paulina, 227, 270.
Pauline Dubreuil, 171.

Borghese, 305.
Pavot, 166, 192, 209.
Paddy, 247.
Pelletier, 226.

428

INDEX.

Pensylvanian double flowers,

107.

pale flowers, 108.
Pearl of France, 265.
Perle d'Orient, 219, 287.
Pericles, 229.
Peru, 247.

Perpetuelle blanche, 174.
pink, 173.
red, 172.
moss, 155.
semi-double, 171.
Petit ermite, 319.
Cesar, 186.
maitre, 205.
triomphe, 320.
St. Fran9ois, 189.
Petite Agathe, 161.
Auguste, 333.
duchesse, 298.
ermite.
Erneste, 169.
etoi!6e, 366.
Hollande, 187.
Junon, 169.

de Hollande, 169.
Lisette, 169.
Louise, 296.
mignonne, 298.
renoncule, 247.
Sophie, 157.
Petronille, 214.
Phaloe, 235.
Pharericus, 226.
Phoenix, 226.
Phileas, 245.
Philemon, 309, 365.
Philippe I., 172.
Philippine, 336.
Philomel, 247.
Pierre Corneille, 240.
Pimpernel, or burnet-leafed,

134.
with crooked thorns, 148

Pimpernel, semi-double yellow

flowers, 136.
large flowers, 146,

150.

long thorns, 149.
small flowers, 144.
very large flowers,

145.

double white, 136.
full white, 137.
globular white, 137.
camellia, 137.
flesh-coloured, 139.
Charpentier, 141.
Pallas's, 149.
double marbled, 142.
double purple, 147.
Luxembourg, 136,

142.

Grevery, 287.
hardy, 138.
yellow single, 134,

135.
yellow semi-double,

136.

yellow double, 135.
pale yellow semi-
double, 134.
sulphur yellow, 136.
marbled, 138.
dwarf, 148.
double nankin, 135.
single purple, 147,
deep purple, 147.
large-flowering pink,

146.

cluster pink,
unique, 138.
hairy, 149.
double violet, 146.
Paeony, 307.
Placidia, 275.
Pleine lune, 244.
Plotine, 324.

INDEX.

429

Pomegranate, 274.
Pomiferous, double -flowered.
Pompon, purple centre, 188.
Bazard, 272.
white, 272, 285.
Dutch white, 272.
brown, 188.
flesh-coloured, 270,

272.

commoi* 188.
crimson, 319.
autumnal, 307.
Bourbon, 350.
Eliza, 226.
KingstOD, 188.
seven or twelve pe-
tals, 189.

of Wasennes, 350.
des dames, 187.
des quatre saisons, 176
du roi, 189.
moss, 181.
dwarf, 189.
pink, 310.
royal, 188.
St. Francis, 189.
Varin, 188.
Poniatowski, 286.
Porcelaine, 195.

royale, 235.
Portland, 171.

double, 173.
red double, 173.
large flowers, 173.
semi-double, 173.
Powdery, 289.
Purple charmant, 234.
light.

crowned, 250.
of Corinth, 240.
of Tyre, 247.
of the queen, 218.
small-flowering deep

367.
favourite, 227.

'urple, marbled, 205.
variegated, 340.
red, 255.
triumphant, 240.
'recieuse, 194.
'rSdestinSe, 241, 253-
President de Seze, 217.
Prevale, 162, 173.
Prince of Wales, 175.

Salerno, 346.
Princess Charlotte, 214, 309.
Amelia, 199.
of Nassau, 371.
of Orange, 352.
of Portugal, 234.
of Salms, 227.
Eleonora, 198.
Louise, 387.
Marie, 387.
Prometheus, 157.
Proserpine, 219, 253.
Provence, 195.
Provins, 194.

with convex flowers,

221.

purple and white, 208.
purple and violet, 208.
crimson, 254.
white, 169.
double variegated, 208.
pompon,
rose feu, 235.
semi-double, 252.
Psyche, 227.
Pucelle, la, 235.

de Bruxelles, 253.
Pudeur, 329.
Puteaux, 167, 368.
Pyramus, 248.
Pyramidale, 195.
Pyrolle, 325.

Q.

Quatre saisons, or four sea-
sons, 173.

430

INDEX.

Quatre saisons, white, 174.

pink, 173.

variegated, 174.

pompon, 176.

moss, 180.
Quesne, 214.
Quitterie, 297.

R.

Racine, 305.
Rancourt, 254.
Ravissante, 204.
Redout6, 140.
Regia Purpurea, 218.
Regulus, 234.
Reine Blanche, 302, 304.
de Golconde, 344.
Nigritie, 253.
Prusse, 191, 238.
des cent-feuilles, 185.
hybrids, 335.
Negres, 252.
Pays Bas, 256.
pimpernelles, 143.
roses, 253.
Ranunculus, 240.

pink, 227, 325.
white,
red, 240.
purple, 333.
violet.

variegated, 336.
black, 253, 320.
Renversee.
Reversa, 124, 150.

purple, 124.
Richer, 365.

Rien ne me surpasse, 238.
Rigoulot, 226.
Ritay, 325.
Rbser, 327.
Roi d'Angleterre, 254.
couronn6, 235.
Hollande, 227, 24b.

Roi de Perse, 169, 217.

Rome, 225, 227, 248.
Saxe, 314.
Siam, 345.
des hybrids, 325.
roses, 215.
Pays Bas, 170.
d'Yvetot, 304.
feu, 255.
Romelia, 312.
Rosalie, 158.
Rose Prevale, 162, 173.

triflowering China, 327.
comfit-scented,
aimee.

slate-coloured, 209.
blue, 209.
cluster, 103.

brilliant, 104.
Italian, 154.
Florida.

of the queen, 248.
Lyell, 92.
May, 97.
Meaux, 189.
Messina, 19J.
snowy, 372.
des princes, 157.
monthly, 171.
du roi, 172.

yellow of America, 129.
of the Holy Sacrament,

97.

of Jay.
mallow, 209.
full, in clusters, 103, 105.
princess, 196.
printaniere.
thornless, 340.
Rosetta, 228.

Rose with drooping buds, 123.
large leaves, 117.
large fruit.

yellow-nerved leaves,
215.

INDEX.

431

Rose, with asli-leaves, 99.

burnet-like leaves,

133.

willow leaves, 104.
red leaves, 298.
single leaves, 81.

variegated leaves.

drooping leaves, 93.
pear - shaped fruit,
229.

rennet apple-scent-
ed, 284.

curled petals, 151.

small leaves, 106.

small flowers, 107.

single flowers, 107.

hairy branches.

pointed sepals.

cohesive styles, 383.

three leaves, 395.

white, 263.

cinnamon, 94, 95,
96.

cottonous, 260.

Abyssinian, 389.

Banksian, 397.

yellow Banksian,
398.

Brown's, 392.

Burgundy, 189.

Champagne, 189.

Crete, 290.

Hudson's Bay, 99.

willow-leaved, 104.

Hudson's, 110.

Carolina, 101, 102,
106.

China, 300.

thornless China,
377.

Virginian, 101,103.

Lawrence, 377.

India, 300.

Bengal, 300.

Rose, May, 97.

whitish blue,
de Meaux, 189.
mountain, 382.
Pensylvanian, 107.
of Scotland, 133, 143.
of the Alps, 118.
burnet-leafed, 121.
double pink, 122.
with hispid calyx, 120.
single flowers,

120.
long-throated fruit,

121.

calabash - shaped
fruit, 125.
copper - coloured

125.

thornless double, 122.
of the fields hybrid, 383.
Dog-rose with sharp leaves,

294.
with semi - double

flowers, 296.
of Egypt, 295.
of the hedges, 295.
of Caucasus, 296.
glaucous, 295, 298.
of the marshes, 102.
of the Pyrenees,

126.
gardener's Pyren-

nean, 126.
Irish, 277.
Nepaul, 392.
of the Luxembourg ,

131.

Evrat's, 276.
glutinous, 290.
hedgehog, 86, 396.
yellowish, 134.
yellow, 82.
red, 130.
rubiginous, 279.

432

INDEX.

Rose, bristly, 393.

evergreen, 384.
ever-blowing, 300.
Rosine Dupont, 329.
Red, admirable, 234, 248.
brilliant, 104, 240.
eblouissant, 240.
formidable, 238.
virginal, 365.
Roxburgh, 391.
Roxalana, 325.
Royal red, 274.
Rubiginous, 277, 278.

thorny, 282.
with glossy bark,

282.

cluster, 283.
round-leafed,28l.
with umbellated

flowers, 280.
with small glands,

281.

with large flow-
ers, 280.
with long pedun-
cles, 283.
small leaves, 282
small flowers, 283,
flexible, 280.
hybrida ferox,

285.

dwarf, 284.
scentless, 281.
Rubrispina, 94, 108, 122.
Rudicaulis, 175.
Rugosa, 87.

S.

Sabine, 105, 127, 291.
Sabinii Doniana, 127.
Salicetti, 316.
Salamon, 211, 230.
Samson, 200.

Sanguine, 209, 375.
Sanspareille of Holland, 165.
Sara, 188, 273.
Sarmentous, 133.
Savannaise, 336.
Scabriusculous, 90, 261.
Scris, 228.
Sebastiani, 335.
SMuisante, 270.
Seigneur d'Hartzelaard, 218.
SSmonville, 273.

double, 221.

Sempervirens, small leafed,
386.

prostrata, 386.
of Italy, 328.
double,
major double,

386.

Senate of Rome, 242.
Septimus, 248.
Seraphina, 201.
Serne, 220.
Simplice, 336.
Socrates, 312.
Soeur Hospitaliere, 249.
Saint Joseph, 158.
Vincent, 176.
Soleil naissant, 240.
Sombreuil, 265.
Sumptuous, 228.
Souvenir des Fran9ais, 248.
Sulphur-coloured, 85.
Sophia of Bavaria, 275.
Spandonck, 331.
Spinosissima yellow, 84.
Suaveolens, 305.
Subalba, 258.
Sultana, 247.
Superb, 250.

en Brun, 253.
Surpasse Singleton.
Surprise, 265.
Sylphide, 366.

IXDEX

433

Sylverie, 236,
Sylvia, 170.
Systyla, 383.

with lanceolated

leaves, 384.
Sirius, 255.

T. <.

Taglioni, 302.

Talbot, 302.

Talina, 209.

Telesilla, 209.

Telson, 314.

Temple of Apollo, 255.

Tendresse admirable, 157.

Terminal, 246.

Ternaux, 316

Thais, 114, 203.

Thalia, 164.

Thorgelia, 335.

Tea, 340.

Rose, full flowers, 343.
single, 343.
anemone, 345.
Bourbon, 341.
flesh - coloured,

343.

Coccine, 346.
of Cels, 346.
yellowish, 342.
yellow variegated

342.

lilac, 343.
red, 344, 376.
sulphur - coloured

342.

ThelaYre, 365.
Themis, 314, 349.
Theagene, 235.
Theone, 158.
Thisbe, 363.
Theophraste, 1.58.
Thory, 390.
Thoviin, 240.

Thurete, 338.
.'itus, 332.

'out aimable, 157, 240.
Toutain, 210.
Toute bi/arre, 144.
Transparent, 186.
Traversi.

Tricolor, 210, 235.
Triumphant, 318.
Triomphante, 198, 241-
rriumph of Angers, 336.

Brabant, 191.

Europe, 210.

Flora, 215.

Gue~rin, 327.

Laffay, 327.

Lisle, 154.

Rouen, 176.

the ladies, 248.

royal, 235.
Tre"sarin, 248.
Three Magi, 199.
Tulip, Paltot, 183.
Turbinated, 165.
Turenne, 320.
Turnip, 109.

single, 110.
large-fruited, 111.
bicolor, 111.

U.

Ulysses, 254.
Uniflora, 243.
Unique, mock, 169.

admirable, 193.

white, 182.

of Brussels, 223.

of Holland, 248.

variegated, 183.

red, 186.

V.

Valida, 349.

434

INDEX.

Valerie, 167.
Valentine, 235.
Van-Dael, 215.
Van Spaendonck, 185.
Varata, 175.
Varin, 195.

of Provence.
Vauban.

Velvet-violet, 251.'
Venus, 232, 287.
Venustus, 253.
Verdier, 318.
Verte blanche, 220.
Vesta, 255.
Vestal, 265.
Vesuvius, 308.
Veturia, 236.
Vibert, 335.
Victor de Tracy, 336.

Olry,35l.
Victory, 243.
Victoria of Braganza, 232.
Virgin, 265.
Villageoise, 207.
Villosa fulgens, 259.

duplex, 260.
Villaresi, 167.
Vilmorin-moss, 179.

hundred leaved, 1 86.
Vineuar, 337.
Violet, Cremer, 250.

de Jacques, 337.

de Vergny, 338.

Violet punctuated.
Virginian, 103, 131.
Viscous, 209.
Vitex Spinosa, 231.
Volidatum, 248.
Volney, 329
Volumnia, 356.

W.

Woods, 105.

Widow, the, 206, 252.

Yellow-hearted, 267.

Yellow, 82.

York red, 276.

York and Lancaster, 169.

Ypsilanti, 228.

Z.

Zabetli, 288.
Zaire, 249.
Zenobia, 205.
Zelia, 312.
Zephyr, 321.
Zerbina, 143.
Zoe, 216, 317^
Zo6 Barbet, 180.
Zosteria, 310.
Zulma, 331.

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