Ohio State Academy of Science. . eo. SPECIAL PAPERS NO. 1 ke con RE, a, Nn om | — — SEs ox FO = / A CATALOGUE ae FLOWERING PLANTS and FERNS + = : aes ay AY GROWING WITHOUT CULTIVATION, IN ERIE COUNTY, OHIO, | ep _ AND THE PENINSULA AND ISLANDS 8 Sau OF OTTAWA COUNTY, | i er aan att Sepals Se d d we < by es » . \ + es. + > * : ’ " Noe few =.= >, By E. L. MOSELEY, A. M. ok ee. ata : ; : ax : on ‘, % ; : j : wt Nas ats a ; sie Ne a s . p> Ta Pl we ’ A DES as os B' PRON PUBLISHED BY THE ACADEMY OF SCIENCE, pecans Reet May, 1899. ne 4 ESS ie e 2 Me ' ae see OP if re e ‘ ra - » “ stags pee Roa co's : pase as! Barat PRESS OF CLAPPER PRINTING CO. yas ae ee WOOSTER, OHIO. f >. » 7 wyae” oF = a * a 7 » yg a ee) ESC AMR as hn POPP Ne tr ONY Pt peer «Ae L oeS REN eR ee tae oy a Phe | PAM Sec e vices Ps hes Ow Mee va eases wee, Sk pee *, * oe > - ‘ a J » ~ e y ‘ P- . \ ¢ 4 are a , AF al sy or 45o5 « +4 ‘ 4S | ". ae ; Re Ys ee A ™ ie a Weare Ng x De RP oe ik ie te Cee ; . ty Wiad > » 4 @ ta TB So 4 bees a “i. y in @ 7 ‘ , x ec J aS) f a ae : Saat TNS ees r ay ¢ 2 oe y . a * x ¢ a .* 2 + i - - +7; y 4 Ss » “al Ps } pe te d y : t By rh . » f ¥ ~ sh , Led hal es : . s : : ‘2 aa fs : A Ur ~~ t of a a o 4 [> _ | - nd z é rt va 7 ’ / iw. 4 i i ; \ ime iy ; > a : ys fe <9 Fee TO THE MEMORY nt 4. aes ‘1 OF THE Ye heh ty 9) P } ; : ‘ \ “Pt $s : MEMBER OF THE ACADEMY a - ; WHOSE DEATH IS ANNOUNCED, : : . mgt eal i AS THE PROOF OF THE LAST PAGES OF THIS ‘‘SPECIAL PAPER” > VIRB ARE BEING RETURNED TO THE PRINTER, | aha ae MANNING F. FORCE. i, | » Kay 3 GENERAL, JURIST, SCIENTIST, AND ABOVE ALL, A MAN WHOM - ot Mo NO DESIRE FOR WEALTH OR FAME COULD DIVERT me FROM THE FAITHFUL SERVICE OF HIS Fic Ae) FELLOW MEN, THIS WORK Is : 4 : ~ <4 : n > a ¥ ‘ aS. : DEDICATED. y v4 ; \ « az f 4 4 Lo af? é uP a > “ 5) a R ‘ . Py Move ; y ptalS " ay “A eet ~ 4 ee « » ’ — J - f- Sain, : °F > . ‘ % i iy, ts s SG ee rs " 2), 4 ee f , by , yt ae : 1 Qe tue a) > ie Ph 7 i ‘7 ei : r) tay , ‘F ’ - hd =} ¢ ey ~ \ met t £ } . > oy yr! : vin’) ya" 2 5 7 1 < se, . o e ra < r ob PELEEISL S STTtvoare ass AP RI = ) * ERIE COUNTY OHIO Wor ie soclneee ISLANDS aso rant or tur PENINSULA OF OTTAWA COUNTY iltond DRAWN TO ACCOMPANY KELLEY'S ISL. MosELEY’S SANDUSKY FLORA eet % AA OK BSS 0" 45% 7' = SS, Gee nS Bete ne Cx oe pS a. fii b wy | Ps iS IN wen P 6 | 1 Be bs ot SS pw e Toe BX we cso TT 4 - = Eee veg fas | BE = REL tI SANDUSKY FLORA. The flora of the Sandusky district is a rich one. We believe there is no other local collection of Ohio plants that approaches within three hundred species of the number collected in the past seven years, in Erie county and the eastern part of Ottawa county, and now preserved at the Sandusky High School. Of the many local lists published in other states, we have seen none that give so many native species as have been found near Sandusky, although several of them cover much larger areas and represent the labors of many botanists working for long periods of time. Some of these lists, moreover, include territory that is regarded especially rich in plants. The ‘‘ Flora of Buffalo and its Vicinity,’’ by David F. Day, presents the names of all the plants which have been detected within fifty miles of Buffalo, a territory many times as large as Erie county, Ohio, and includ- ing on the one side the whole of the Niagara river with its profusion of flowers and ferns, and, on the other mountains with an altitude of 2300 feet above the sea. ““The Cayuga Flora”’ by William R. Dudley, published as a Bulletin of the Cornell University, covers an area 65 miles in extreme length and is based on numerous collections, the first of which was madein 1827. The “Plants of Monroe county, New York, and Adjacent Territory,’ published by the Rochester 2 SANDUSKY FLORA. Academy of Science, in addition to Monroe county, which is about three times as large as Erie county, Ohio, includes portions of five other counties and gives twenty species reported by early botanists, but no longer found. All of these districts border on Lake Ontario and one of them on Lake Erie also. The whole of England contains but about 1200 native phenogams; surpassing the little district about Sandusky by less than a hundred species. Although several hundred native plants not found in Erie county grow in One placessor another in Ohio, yet so well is the flora of the state represented here, that it is probably not too much to say that excepting the counties bordering on the Ohio river and those that contain sphagnous swamps or bogs, there are few counties in the state where a botanist, unfamiliar with the territory would be likely to find in a single day’s search more than halt a dozen native species that do not grow somewhere in Erie county. The surpassing richness of the Sandusky flora is not due to the fact that it includes islands within its territory, for scarcely any of its species are confined to the islands, nor is it in very large measure due to the fact that it includes species that are confined to the lake shore but rather to peculiarities of climate and geolog- ical features, both of which depend to some extent on the proximity of the lake. CLIMATIC: INFLUENCE OF LAKE ERS ON: VEGETATION, The Catalogue of Canadian Plants in six volumes includes the whole territory lying north of the Great Lakes and extending from the Atlantic to the Pacific. The Sandusky district contains 165 native species and varieties not given in the Canadian catalogue besides a MOSELEY. 3 number of others which in Canada are confined to Pt. Pelee or Pt. Pelee Island, spots only a few miles distant from the islands of Ottawa and Erie counties, Ohio. The Sandusky district contains 67 native plants not known to grow anywhere in Michigan and many others which in Michigan are confined to the south- western part where the climate is tempered by Lake Michigan. But what seems quite as remarkable is the fact that the Sandusky district contains 305 native plants not known to grow within fifty miles of Buffalo, while the Buffalo district has about 244 native species and varieties not given in the Sandusky list. But even this great difference between two regions bordering on Lake Erie is largely due to climate, for the summer at Buffalo is not only cooler but lasts less than three- fourths as long as at Sandusky. Since the prevailing winds have traversed Lake Erie for nearly its whole length before reaching Buffalo the mean temperature in summer there is about 3° lower than at Sandusky. In the spring the difference is even greater than insummer, being about 544° lower in Apriland May. This is due to the fact that when the ice breaks up it is blown to the east end of the lake and remains so crowded there as to prevent navigation three weeks or more after Sandusky Bay has been clear, The average date of the last killing frost in spring in Sandusky, is April 14; at Buffalo, May 20, that is 36 days later. Moreover, San- dusky is protected by its position from cold north-west winds in autumn, while Buffalo is not, so that the first killing frost at Sandusky does not come on an average until October 23, but at Buffalo October 5, that is 18 days earlier. Like an east and west mountain range, Lake Erie protects the plants on its south side from cold north winds while they get the full force of winds from the south, but with the vegetation on the north side it is the reverse. Moreover, the heat given out by the 4. SANDUSKY FLORA. water in winter as it freezes, modifies the climate of the adjacent land. It would seem that an equal amount of heat should be absorbed by the ice in melting, and thus the winter prolonged into spring, but for the region about the westernend of the lake this is not true, because a great part of the ice is blown away toward the east end of the lake, whose period of cold is prolonged thereby. And so it comes that the climate on the south side of Lake Erie is not only milder than that on the north side but much milder than that at the east end, and, if we reckon the length of summer from the average date of the last killing frost in spring to the average date of the first killing frost in autumn, we find the summer at Sandusky to last 192 davs and at Buffalo only 138 days. The counties of Ohio lying to the east of Erie county and bordering on the lake have a climate some- what less mild than that of the Sandusky region for their land rises more abruptly from the water, and the prevailing winds pass over more of the lake before reaching them. In Erie county the land within a few miles of the lake is mostly much less than a hundred feet in elevation. The temperature at Sandusky in spring and summer averages about one and a half degrees higher than at Cleveland, and one degree higher than in the eastern part of Erie county, four miles back from the lake shore where Mr. W.H. Todd has recorded observations for the government for many years. It is interesting to observe that the protection from frost afforded by Lake Erie scarcely extends beyond the counties that border upon it and, as a result we have many plants in these that have not been reported from any other county north of the middle of the state, and quite a number that have been found nowhere else in Ohio except in the southern part, within forty miles of the Ohio River. Even so far south as Columbus, the MOSSLEY. 5 last killing frost in spring occurs on an average six days later than at Sandusky and the first killing frost in autumn five days earlier. CLIMATE OF THREE CITIES ON LAKE ERIE AND ONE A HUNDRED MILES SOUTH OF IT FROM TIME OF ESTABLISHMENT OF WEATHER BUREAU IN EACH PLACE TO END OF 1897. Sandusky.| Cleveland.| Buffalo. | Columbus. ee ee PU BEAU,) 4878. 1869. 1870. 1878. WANGATY....:..3:00. 26.2 26 25 28.4 gihebruaryz......... 29.4 26 2512 Sock pe Eo | ae 34.7 33 30:5 38.1 WAC set encede tec 47.7 46 4.2.5 51.2 DUAR srsepsapeeessiniss 59.5 58 54.2 62.0 a | CE a eee 68.8 68 65.4 Tics SULEM S, 50%. seceeses se 73.6 72 70.2 74.9 EL FAMSUSE:...5..i00 +0. 71.6 70 69,1 12.3 ™|September........ 65.6 64. 62.5 66.1 ]October..:... ...:.: 53.7 52 51.2 53.7 & |November......... 41.2 40 38.4 41.2 DeEecemiUer.......5, 32.8 31 30.5 33.3 Artigal, -.'..;.....<. 50.4 48.8 47.1 52.1 Lowest Minimum.}| -16 —17 —14 —20.3 Highest Maximum| 100 ao 95 103 Ay. date last kill-\ ing frost inspringf Av. date 1st kill-) April14. |May 1. May 20. _ | April 20. ing frost in fall. f Oct. 23. Oct. 11. |Oct. 5. Oct. 18. Av. rainfall in)\ INCHES: .2... .Jenece- f 34.69 34.82 39.66 |* 38.74 Av. relative hu-\ Midity...c..is...0.- fin OF 72.0 74.5 71.4 / GEOLOGY. The physical feature of Erie county which causes most difference between its flora and that of the counties to the east is the existence of prairies in its southern and western part. These prairies are of two 6 SANDUSKY FLORA. sorts, each having its characteristic plants, while many species not known to grow farther east in the state are found on both of them. Extending over the greater part of the township of Oxford, and over portions of the townships of Milan, Huron, Perkins, Margaretta and Grotonis anearly level prairie which probably at one time formed the bottom of the glacial lake that preceded Lake Erie and later of a bay or bays partly shut off from the lake by sand bars which still exist. Underlying most of this prairie is the Ohio shale, which in many places is close to the surface. The ground requires tiling to produce good crops. The other prairie lies north and west of the village of Castalia, extending to the western boundary of the county. The soil of this is different from the other, being a calcareous deposit from the water of the Castalia springs. Within the memory of men still living a great deal of this prairie was under water much of the time. A considerable portion of the region extending south of Castalia for a distance of over fifty miles has no surface streams, but the water descends through the joints of the limestone and flows through | subterranean passages which it has made in the soluble rock of the Waterlime formation. This water charged with lime carbonate issues from the ground in numer- ous bold springs in the vicinity of Castalia, which owes its name to this circumstance. These springs are the largest and most beautiful in Ohio. The slope from Castalia to Sandusky Bay is very gradual and before any artificial drainage was established, the region was a marsh filled more or less with the calcareous water whose deposits have formed over thousands of acres to a depth of many feet. In some places these deposits are indurated forming a tufa, in others, soft making a shell marl containing theremainsof millions of Limnea and Planorbis of the same species as live in the bay now. The tufa is composed mostly of petrified Chara MOSELEY. T and other plants. . The shape and venation of leaves is well preserved, one of the most common kinds being that of Hypericum kalmianum which grows over much of the surface. On this prairie as well as on the Oxford prairie grow many plants not found east of the Huron river either in Erie county or the counties beyond. Sandusky and Margaretta as well as Marblehead Peninsula and Kelley’s Island are underlaid by Corni- ferous limestone which comes near the surface over much of this region. In many places, especially on Marblehead, the covering of soil is only a few inches or _a fraction of an inch deep and consists of partially decomposed vegetation and lime carbonate derived from the underlying rock. Quite a number of species are characteristic of this calcareous soil. Catawba Island, as it is called, and the islands of the Put-in-Bay group have a similar character but the rock is older, belonging to the Waterlime formation. Over the great- er part of Sandusky and in many places on the islands, the limestone is covered with clay of variable thickness, but in many parts the soil is too thin for treesto attain a large size, for even if they could obtain nourishment enough, they are likely to be uprooted by a strong wind. The glacier that passed over this region left traces that still show in hundreds of places, including some grooves on Kelley’s Island and Marblehead which so far as we know are unsurpassed elsewhere in the world. It is interesting to observe that the grooves on the different Islands, on the Peninsula and in Sandusky and Margaretta have the same direction, running about twelve degrees south of west, or parallel with the axis of Lake Erie, excepting a few which have quite a different direction and indicate a movement of the ice at a different time. Where the superimposed drift has protected the rock from weathering, it not only retains the deep grooves but shows everywhere a - highly polished surface marked with fine parallel lines. 8 SANDUSKY FLORA. In many places in Sandusky this polished limestone requires no quarrying to serve admirably for basement floors. So level is the rock and the overlying drift that for miles around the city, the eye can scarcely detect any elevatioas or any depressions with the exception of slight ones made by small streams. Many of the rare plants of Erie County grow in sand, especially in the sand deposits east of the village of Milan and along the sand ridges that stretch east and west in Margaretta township and along the border of the prairie in the southern part of Perkins township. These were formerly lake beaches and just below the sand ridge that extends south-west from Castalia is a ledge of limestone which shows very plainly the action of the waves, though it is now four miles from the water. When the lake had settled to a lower level, it must have beat against the foot of this ledge, undermining the rock and causing it to. break away in large masses, as it is doing now at the west end of Rattlesnake Island and elsewhere. These detached masses often settled but a few feet, leaving deep but narrow chasms between them and the parent cliff, and these chasms are but partially filled even to the present day with dirt washed in from above. In places, trees grow out of them and the walls are bedecked with ferns. The rich woods covering the side of this hill, which I have called Margaretta Ridge, the sandy fields at the top and the prairie below afford a variety of plants found nowhere else in the county and a large number of species unknown in the counties farther east. Vhe Huron River divides Erie county into an eastern and western part. Few of the plants which grow in Erie county and not in Lorain or Cuyahoga counties are found east of this river. West of it are no natural surface streams that continue to flow all summer and except near the river no ravines. The MOSELEY. 9 valley of the Huron and its tributaries therefore afford some species not found nearer Sandusky, but as it is cut through shale, it is not so rich as the valleys farther east. At Berlin Heights, the Old Woman Creek has cut a picturesque ravine through the Waverly sandstone and into the Ohio shale. Here grow several interesting plants not found farther west. But still deeper ravines have been formed in Florence township by the Vermillion River and its tributaries, the walls mainly of shale, but in the southern part of the township also of sandstone. Here have been found many species of sedges and other plants that do not seem to grow along the Huron or west of it, though most of them grow in the counties to the east where there are still deeper ravines in the sandstone. The walls of these ravines like the walls of a cellar are warmed slowly in summer, so that on the north side of steep, wooded slopes, are some cooler spots than any near Sandusky and hence many plants which are more common farther to the north and east. The lake shores and marshes furnish quite anumber of species not found in the interior of the state. Cedar Point consists of low sand ridges thrown up by the lake and separating it from Sandusky bay and its marshes for a distance of seven miles. Throughout most of its length the plants are comprised in few species but toward the end it is wider and probably older, having a richer soil and more varied flora. Although more accessible from Sandusky than any other good collecting ground and appearing not to have a great number of species, yet so many rare forms grow there in one place or another that it is not improbable that some plant not on our list at all may yet be found there. Seven years ago, before the work of making a herbarium had been commenced, the writer thought he had found on Cedar Point about all the species that grew there, but each year he has added 10 SANDUSKY FLORA. something from that region, which he had never found before either there or elsewhere. In the number of rare species, Cedar Point is surpassed by Marblehead, though the latter has a larger area. Altogether the Sandusky district has furnished more than a hundred species and varieties that were not known to be grow- ing wild any where in the state, previous to their discovery here. FLORA OF. THE ISLANDS AN ORIGIN. With the exception of some of the little ones, the islands of Ottawa county, and Kelley’s—the only island belonging to Erie county,—have been visited many times and at different seasons. Of the plants growing on six of the islands in the lake, separate lists have been kept and an attempt made to make them complete. These lists are not published except as a part of the general list of plants comprised in the Sandusky flora, but a fair idea of the results may be obtained from this by bearing in mind that all the plants marked common or abundant have been found on One and, in nearly all cases, on more than one of the islands, except a few which are noted otherwise. The names of plants not common on the mainland but occuring on Kelley’s Island and two or more of the Put-in-Bay group are followed by the word—Islands. If found on Kelley’s island and only one other, or not on Kelley’s the names. of the islands on which the plant has been found are given. The number recorded for each island is as follows: Kelley’s: Island ...2), (0: .csaetereessp inne. a eeeeeereees 461. Put-tn-Ba yi. cssscoccbens cee ee eee 4.39, Mididlé Bassi vcsb eas Se eee ke cents 306. North Bassin. ici ieee eeeei ies diese var eds 282. Rattlesnalke.: ...dsic hecececusvetees edaee eee eens 192. Green, [slarid wy. ceccecads $k ts cae ep ce bask Lib. MOSELEY. a? It will be seen that the numbers correspond pretty well with the size of the islands, the largest island having the greatest number of species, the next in size the next greatest number, etc. The different islands are very similar in character, consisting of limestone covered more or less with clay and without any permanent streams. The difference in physical features and the difference in flora between the islands are much less than between parts of the mainland of Erie county separated by shorter distances. The entire number of different species is 612. Fourteen of these are Naiadaceae growing in the water of bays or along the shore, most of them at Put-in-Bay and North Bass. The islands are poor in ferns, the whole number of species being only eight, of which Kelley’s has six, Put- in-Bay three, all scarce, Green Island two, Middle Bass and Rattlesnake one each, and North Bass none. We have found on them no orchids and no Ericaceae. Kelley’s island, owing to its extensive commerce and cultivation, together with the protection from frost afforded by the water, has many naturalized species, especially along the south shore, two or three of which have not been noticed elsewhere. Excepting these and three rare sedges, and one rare golden rod, the islands appear to have no plants that have not been found also on the mainland of Erie county or on Marblehead, —not so many species as are afforded by each town- ship of Erie county, excepting Groton. However, in view of the fact that the islands have no permanent streams, no ravines, no alluvial soil and little or no sand except the barren sand in some places along the shores, their flora is probably as varied as that of equal areas on the mainland where these defects exist. Their combined area is only about ten square miles. It has been supposed that the lake, which after the melting of the southern portion of the glacier over- spread a larger area than Lake Erie does now, sub- i lie SANDUSKY FLORA. sided until what are now the islands appeared above its surface. This view is doubtless correct, but there is now much evidence to show that it continued to subside until the islands formed part of the mainland and afterward rose and isolated them again, and is still rising and likely to submerge them again. The old beaches which may be traced for long distances running nearly parallel to the present shores of the Great Lakes, must have been level at the time they were formed, but they are not now level, and there has therefore been a tilting of that part of the earths crust which includes the basins of the Great Lakes, as there has been of many other parts. These beaches all have gentle slopes, toward the south and south-west, indi- cating that in this part of North America, there has been an uplifting of the land toward the north north-east or a depression toward the south south-west or both. The effect of this tilting of the basins of these lakes has been ge raise the water on the south and west as compared with that on the opposite sides, just as the tipping of a saucer partly filled with water would do. The fluctuation of the water due to variable winds and rainfall make such comparisons difficult, but Mr. G. K. Gilbert found by comparing the heights above the normal level of Lake Erie in 1895, of a certain point in Cleveland, and acertain point at the head of the Wel- land canal with the heights of the same two points as carefully determined in 1858, that the point near the north-east end of the lake rose 0.239 foot as compared with the point in Cleveland. This is a small amount and in view of the difficulty of determining the normal level and measuring the exact height of any point on the land above it even by measurements many times repeated, it might well be attributed to some inaccur- acy in the measurements if it were an isolated case. but it is not. Similar comparison of points on Lake MOSELEY. 13 Ontario and on Lake Huron and Michigan also, indicate tilting, and tilting in the same direction as at Lake Erie and not only that but the amount cor- responds with the distance apart of the two points compared. Furthermore the direction of the tilting indicated by these measurements is the same as that indicated by the dip of the old lake beaches. We are therefore forced to the conclusion that the basins of the great lakes have been considerably tilted and that this tilting has been going on in the present century. As the outlet of Lake Erie is at that end of the basin which has been raised more than any other part, the result has been to deepen the water throughout, but especially at the opposite end where the islands are situated. The spreading of the waters over the land should be here more noticeable for ancther reason also, viz.; because the shores are so low. We should there- fore expect to find here in the form of submerged forests and other things that could not have formed under water, evidence of the spreading of the waters of the lake over the land, and so we do. OLD TREES KILLED BY RISE OF THE WATER. By the high water that prevailed in 1858 to 1860 large trees were killed in many places where the waves could not reach them. Mr. George Hine, who owns land bordering the marsh east of Sandusky, had hickory trees two feet in diameter killed in this way. On Kelley’s Island large sycamore trees standing on the border of the south marsh, on Put-in-Bay elm and sycamore, on Middle Bass big trees growing by the marsh near Rehberg’s, and at Toussaint and elsewhere along the shore between Port Clinton and Toledo old walnut trees, were killed at this time by high water keeping the ground too wet around their roots. Per- sons who came to Erie county in the forties remember seeing about the marshes connected with the bay many 14. SANDUSKY FLORA. dead trees which they believed to have been killed by high water, and old residents of Put-in-Bay and Kelley’s Island have told me the same thing about trees there. It is probable that these trees were killed in 1838 when the water was nearly as high as in 1858, though it did not remain high so long. Hundreds of walnut stumps are still standing along the border of the marshes east of Sandusky whereeven now, although the water is lower than usual, it is too wet for walnut trees to grow. One that stood recently on ground only six inches above the present lake level measured 5 feet 4 inches in diameter. We may infer from this that during the life of this tree, probably over three hundred years, the water was not so high as in the present century. SUBMERGED FORESTS. Stumps and logs with roots attached have been found under water and show that when the trees grew the water must have been considerably lower than it has been during the present century. In the lake at Deisler’s bathing beach, Put-in-Bay, was a sycamore stump that was dangerous to persons swimming, as it did not show above the water, and had to be blasted out. Other stumps in the water not far from where this one stood may still be seen. Near the Black Channel in Sandusky bay are cedar stumps standing upright with roots in place and completely submerged, except at such low stages of the water as rarely occur, when a little of the tops project. About a mile west of Venice many buried cedar stumps have been found below the level of the lake. Besides stumps a large amount of submerged timber that fell without being cut has been found where it fell, and much of it is to be seen now. The greatest quantity is in the Huron marsh connected with San- dusky Bay. In parts where the water and mud are not very deep the logs may be easily seen in such numbers MOSELEY. 15 and variety as to show that a forest was once there, but in the deeper water they are also abundant and are often struck by the pole of a hunter pushing his boat through the marsh. When in a very dry season, the ditch was dug through the marsh in order to float boats from the club house out to open water, logs of sassafras with the roots on, and a cedar with branches were found at the bottom, 7. e. 3 or 4 feet below the present lake level. Even in the deeper parts a few logs are still to be seen partly above the water, having been supported by roots, or roots and branches until the marsh had grown up under them. A cedar out about 60 rods from land where the muck is five feet deep, has roots extending down into it at least three feet. It is 17 inches in diameter, and has about 60 rings. A pine log two feet in diameter and with 91 rings lies where the muck is over six feet deep. It has roots running down some distance and 30 years ago was not yet prostrate but the other end stuck up as much as seven feet above the water, and formed a landmark for fish- ermen. This is out about 80 rods from the present shore of the marsh. A walnut tree that forks into two huge and crooked branches whose ends are buried in the muck must have grown near where it lies, but this also, though a mile or more from the pine log, is some 80 rods out from shore, and the water at this place is now seven feet deep. It is still 23 inches in diameter and probably required nearly two centuries to grow. Observations on these trees were made March 5th and 6th, 1898, when the readings of the water gauge at Cleveland show the lake to have been 3% feet lower than the high water mark. During the life of these trees the lake must have been at least eight feet lower than it has been during much of the time for the last forty years. A great quantity of submerged timber still retaining roots and branches was removed from the water in 16 SANDUSKY FLORA. front of the club house on Put-in-Bay by Mr. Vroman, There were soft maple, oak and sycamore, some of the logs four or five feet in diameter. SUBMERGED STALAGMITES. In several of the caves at Put-in-Bay nearly half a mile from shore, is deep water whichrises and falls with fluctuations in the level of Lake Erie. The floors of these caves are covered with stalagmites, and the roofs were formerly studded with stalactites. In three caves I have seen stalactites hanging down in the water and in two stalagmites rising in the water. In one cave about thirty stalagmites may be seen on a submerged floor of a few square rods extent. They are, most of them, nearly cylindrical in shape, and represent merely the cores of larger stalagmites which once probably formed a crust over the whole floor, the remainder having been dissolved away, Those in the deeper water appear to have been dissolved more than those in the shallower parts. Many were standing in water from 21% to 31% feet deep, March 12 and 138, 1898. As stalactites and stalagmites would not form under’ water, the water from which the calcium carbonate was precipitated to form them must have flowed to a lower level than where the lowest stalagmites now exist. We may therefore infer that during the period of their formation, which certainly lasted many years, and probably some centuries, the lake was at least five feet lower than the mean level of the past forty years. If these caves were formed in preglacial times, the argument still holds good, for if the lake had been as high or higher than now ever since the melting of the glacier and stalagmites had existed in the caves then, they would have been dissolved long ago. The stalagmites visible now are evidently not preglacial. Where the water does not cover the floor of the caves they are forming at the present time. MOSELEY. 17 RIVER CHANNELS BELOW THE LAKE LEVEL. In the Huron marsh off the mouth of Plum Brook, a setting pole may be pushed down 12 feet. This may be done along a line extending from the mouth of the creek out into the marsh, but a few rods on either side the pole goes down only two or three feet. When the ‘stream cut this channel Lake Erie must have been at least 12 feet lower. Not only has the lake spread its waters over all the lowland through which this creek formerly flowed, and other creeks, whose submerged channels could doubtless be found by searching, but it has extended far up into the valleys of all the streams. This effect must result from the rise of the lake, for the streams had cut their valleys below the general level of the country, though not below the level to which the water had to flow while the cutting was going on. The Portage, the Sandusky, the Huron, and the other so-called rivers as well as all the smaller streams that enter this part of the lake, have the lower portions of their valleys filled by the water of the lake. Into the valley of the Old Woman Creek the lake has extended two miles farther than the present shore line, into the valley of the Huron five miles measured in a straight line from the present shore, into the Sandusky 22 miles beyond the Cedar Point light house, and more than 25 miles measured in a straight line from Rye Beach, for it is probable that the Black Channel at the east end of what is now Sandusky Bay is a part of the old river channel, also that the ‘‘ Harbor’’ between Marblehead and Catawba is part of the old valley of the Portage, the lake having spread over the land to the west of Catawba and made an opening for the river at Port Clinton. This is not as yet quite certain, but there is no uncertainty about the valley of the Huron; it is still uninterrupted from the village of Huron on the lake shore to the place five miles inland where the flowing stream meets the water of the lake. The valley was 18 SANDUSKY FLORA. cut by the river when its waters continued to descend © to Huron and beyond, but this must have been when the lake was not less than 32 feet lower than now, for the bottom of the channel is 32 feet below the present lake level at a point more than four miles from the lake, and the depth of the water above the mud is between 17 and 32 feet all the way from this place to the lake. Even Mud Creek, a small tributary of the Huron, has all the lower part of its.channel deep below the present lake level. The entire drainage area of this creek is only about four square miles, yet its waters reach the present level of the lake nearly a mile measured along the valley of the stream above its junction with the Huron, and at a bridge about three- fourths mile up the valley the water and mud are 12 or 14 feet deep. EVIDENCE OF THE WATER’S DEEPENING IN THE PRESENT CENTURY. Records of the lake level kept at different places show that at four times in the first half of the century the water was lower than at any time in the last half. In 1810 and in 1819 it was lower than any time since 1820, in 1841 and 1846 lower than at any time since the latter date. In the absence of any record of exact measurement of lake levels west of Cleveland we have, nevertheless, evidence that the water about Sandusky and the islands was lower in the early part of the century. Mr. Shook, now living at Port Clinton, remembers that in 1828 Mr. Ramsdell made hay of the wild grass that grew on what is now the harbor west of Lakeside, and that there was very little water then where it has since been four feet deep. Similar state- ments are made by other persons regarding this and other places in this region. When Harrison’s army passed near Huron in 1813 MOSELEY. 19 a corduroy road about 60 rods long was built across Mud Creek bayou, which, it is said, had been submerged for many years, when, in 1867, the water being tempo- rarily very low, Mr. Carpenter removed many of the logs. A survey made in 1887 of the Huron marsh at the east end of Sandusky bay shows that a tract of land one-half mile square, surveyed in 1809 has since become marsh with the water and mud 12 to 18 inches deep, and for two miles west of it, as far as it was surveyed, the shore line has moved south about five rods. These changes are certainly not due to erosion. Elsewhere about Sandusky bay and along the shore of the lake land has disappeared, partly from erosion and partly because of the rising water covering it and giving the waves new points of attack. The western part of the city of Sandusky has suffered much from the encroach- ment of the bay and along nearly the whole shore west to Martin’s Point and beyond land has disappeared. So it is also along the lake. The surveys show that for seven miles west from the Vermillion River the lake has encroached upon the land between 20 and 34 rods since 1809. From the Huron River to Dr. Esch’s place, about one and one-half miles west, the shore line has moved south a distance varying from 18 to 28 rods, west of this not so much. Since 1809 more than 500 acres have been lost to Erie county along the lake and in the eastern part of the bay, and many acres more between Sandusky and the western limit of the county. On the north side of the bay, too, the water has extended, open water covering ground where cat-tails once grew. John Stone of Put-in-Bay, and Warren Smith of Sandusky, remember when rushes grew over much of Sandusky Bay where now is open water. Until the middle of the century an island known as Peninsula Point extended across nearly the whole breadth of what is now the mouth of the bay. For the 20 SANDUSKY FLORA. length of a mile its height was 20 to 25 feet or more, and along the west side was clay covered with six inches of black soil bearing shell bark hickory trees and white oaks two and one-half feet in diameter. The last of this large island disappeared in 1860. Gull Reef, north of Kelley’s Island, has for many years been the greater part of the time under water. As late as 1850 it was an island on which stood a fish shanty and a tree that probably took a hundred years to grow. DERIVATION OF THE ISLAND FLORA. The facts stated in the preceding paragraphs suggest the possibility of many of the plants now on the islands having spread over them when a land connection existed between them and the mainland. Mr. Gilbert and others have concluded from a study of the old lake beaches that when the melting of the ice to the north opened an outlet for the glacial lake at Niagara the waters went down till it occupied only one- sixth the area that Lake Erie does now, and extended no farther west than Erie, Pa. We have seen that the submerged forests and stalagmites in the region about Sandusky and the islands prove a lower condition of the water when these were formed than has existed in the present century, and that the submerged river channels in this region indicate that the depression of the land as compared with the water has amounted to not less than 32 feet. A lowering of the water 22 feet would make it possible to walk from Kelley’s island to Catawba, and 30 feet from Put-in-Bay to Catawba, excepting for a narrow channel, like a river which is deeper than the rest. We would be entitled, therefore, to conclude, even without a knowledge of observations made in other regions, that the islands were connected with the mainland in postglacial times. With this conclusion it is much easier to harmonize the facts MOSELEY. 21 ascertained regarding the plants now growing on the islands than to see how all of them could have been transported across several miles of water. The seeds of many plants are provided with such means of transportation as would render their safe passage over a few miles of water an easy matter. Some produce fruit that is swallowed whole by birds and the pulp digested but not the seeds. The latter may thus be transported over land or water and propagate the species miles away from the parent plant. A mountain ash found growing on Rattle- snake Island in a thicket where birds roost was doubt- less carried there in this manner. Some seeds like those of thistle have down so light that the wind may carry them long distances. Some are capable of floating for a time and then germinating. Some seeds are so small that they are likely to be carried in the mud that sticks to tne feet of rails or other birds that frequent marshy places. In several instances a single specimen of orchid has been found growing on somespringy bank or damp place in the woods of Erie county and not another of the same kind within many miles. In two instances the single specimens are the only ones we have ever found in the county. These probably came from seeds that stuck to the feet of woodcocks or other birds that transported them from some distant bog. Ammania coccinea and some other mud-inhabiting species were probably transported in this way to the shore of Sandusky bay from much farther south for they are not known to grow elsewhere within more than a hundred miles. When the ice forms a bridge between the islands and the mainland it would seem that weeds or their seeds might be blown across it or be carried across in the hair of animals. Seeds might also have been trans- ported in former times by the Indians in their boats. In the present century the flora of the islands has been 22 SANDUSKY FLORA." materially increased through the agency of man. Several cultivated plants have run wild and become well established there, including several species which are seldom found flourishing in the wild state so far north. The islands seem to have their full share of weeds and most of these have probably been intro- duced with impure seed. Others have probably been transported in baled hay and in packing material, and some, like the hore-hound, by sticking to people’s clothes. : So numerous are the ways in which seeds may be transported that it would seem quite possible for the islands in the course of a few thousand years to have acquired all the plants that grow on them without any closer connection with the mainland than now exists. When, however, we consider more carefully these means of transportation in relation to all the species on the islands, we find it dificult to understand how some of them could have reached the islands in any of these ways. A tornado passing first over the land and then the islands might carry seeds of any sort, but it would require more than one tornado to distribute seeds to all the islands and if any of the islands owed part of their plants to this agency we should expect to find on them some species well distributed which do not grow on the other islands at all, but this is not the case, with the exception of some species recently introduced by man. Other winds would not be likely to carry so far any but the lightest of seeds. Violent winds coming from the south where the mainland is nearest are gener- ally accompanied by rain. Any plant whose seeds are safely transported in the alimentary canal of birds might reach the islands in this way. Of the species that grow in muddy or marshy places and produce small seeds likely to be transported in mud on the feet of woodcocks, etc., not MOSELEY. os many occur on the islands and some of the islands have no places which such birds frequent. Men who have often crossed the ice in winter say it would be impossible for seeds to be blown along on the ice all the way to the islands. Not only is the ice apt to be rough in many places, but it is crossed by numerous drifts of snow and is always intersected by long cracks in which seeds would lodge. Cakes of floating ice might transport seeds some distance, but would usually be prevented from landing them on distant shores by other ice getting in the way, and the freezing of the seeds to the floating ice would prevent them from blowing off. However, some littoral Species may have reached the islands in this way. In those instances in which animals have succeeded in swimming so far, any seeds that were clinging to their hair at the start would probably be washed off on the way. Yet many species that rely upon mammals for transportation from place to place are there and give evidence of having been there longer than civilized man. These plants mature their seeds from four tosix months before the ice would permit an animal to cross to the islands, and some of them have lost all their seeds by that time. The following list gives the names of some of the plants on the islands whose seeds are adapted to transportation in the hair of animals: Desmodium canescens, Desmodium paniculatum, Agrimonia eupa- toria, Geum album, Geum vitginianum, Circaea lute- tiana, Osmorrhiza brevistylis,Osmorrhiza longistylis, Sanicula marylandica, Sanicula marylandica_ var. canadensis, Galium aparine, Galium boreale, Galium circaezans, Galium triflorum, Coreopsis trichosperma var. tenuiloba, Echinospermum virginicum. Colonel James Smith in the narrative of' his cap- tivity with the Indians, 1755-59, says: ‘‘ These islands are but seldom visited ; because early in the spring and 24. SANDUSKY FLORA. late in the fall it is dangerous sailing in their bark canoes; and in the summer they are so infested with various kinds of serpents, (but chiefly rattlesnakes, ) that it is dangerous landing.’’ It is not probable then that the Indians planted anything there, or that any great number of seeds were introduced by them accidentally. The difficulty of seeds floating to the islands is two- fold. The prolonged soaking in the absence of definite currents to carry them in that direction is sufficient to destroy the vitality of many kinds. The shores of the islands do not afford conditions suited to the growth of many of the species found in the interior. On Green and Rattlesnake islands there is not a single spot where it seems possible for a plant to start from seeds washed ashore, except such as growon bare rocks. Six kinds of oak and three of hickory grow on the islands. If all these kinds came from nuts that drifted ashore, one would expect to find somewhere on the shore of some island a tree so situated as to suggest the possi- bility of its having originated in this way, but not a single one has been found. These are long lived trees, and if within the period represented by the growth ofa large oak or hickory, there has not been a single in- stance of a nut drifting ashore and finding a suitable place to grow it may well be doubted, if in several thousand years there would be opportunities for all the different kinds to reach so many different islands. The fact that acorns left in the water soon lose their power to germinate increases the difficulty, yet it is not easy to see how, except by floating, acorns or pig-nuts would be likely to reach the islands as long as they were separated from the mainland as far as they are now. The weeds that have followed civilized man from the Old World, or have spread since the culti- vation of the land from other parts of this, grow on MOSELEY. 25 the islands as well as the mainland. That they have reached the islands mainly through man’s agency is shown by the fact that those islands which have the most extensive commerce have the greatest variety of weeds. Green Island, being still wild, may be left out of consideration, but the greater part of Rattlesnake is cultivated, and there many kinds of weeds grow witha luxuriance that tries the patience of the owner. Yet there are fourteen kinds of weeds that grow on all four of the other islands, which are not to be found on Rattlesnake, without counting a number that need a damper soil than there prevails. Not only are most of these fourteen common on all the islands that enjoy much commerce, but among them are included a number of the most abundant weeds in this part of North America. The list is as follows: Lepidium virginicum, Abutilon avicennz, Melilotus alba, Medt- cago lupulina, Bidens frondosa, Sonchus asper, Xan- thium canadense var. echinatum, Marrubium vulgare, Amarantus albus, Amarantus blitoides, Acalypha virginica, Juncus tenuis, Bromus secalinus, Panicum sanguinale. Why are these species, elsewhere so abundant, not represented on Rattlesnake Island? For many years the island has been cultivated and the con- ditions suitable to the growth of these fourteen kinds of weeds, most of which have abounded for many years all around Lake Erie, but the island has been the abode of only a single family and its commerce, therefore very limited, and the seeds have not found any way to reach the island, or, if they floated to it, no way to get up onto soil where they could grow. If a large portion of the plants on the islands have reached them in ways which may be called accidental and not by means that may be seen operating in the present century, then we ought to find deficiencies in the flora of certain islands due to the failure of certain species to reach them. Some plants that are well 26 SANDUSKY FLORA. distributed on certain islands should be altogether wanting on others where the conditions for their growth are just as suitable. Moreover we should expect to find that some species not adapted to passing over the water had failed to reach any of the islands. But what we do find is the reverse. Every native species that is well distributed in similar soil on the mainland grows also on the islands and in no case, we believe, is a native species common over one island and lacking on others where similar conditions exist. The leading facts bearing on the origin of the island flora may be summarized as follows: Within the present century the waters of Lake Erie and of the bays and marshes connected with it have encroached upon the land in the vicinity of Sandusky, covering many hundreds of acres of what was, at the time of the first surveys, solid ground. ‘lrees several centuries old have been killed by high water in the present century. Submerged forests have been found in different parts of the region, submerged stalactites and stalagmites in the caves of Put-in-Bay, and submerged river valleys both east and west of Sandusky- When the trees grew and the stalagmites and valleys were formed, the land must have been above the level of the lake. The valleys are now deeper below the surface of the lake than is the lake bottom between the islands and the mainland. At the time they were formed, therefore, the lake did not separate the islands from the mainland. The flora of the islands is different from what we should expect to find, if all the species growing there had reached them by being transported across the water. It is probable then that many species have been on the islands since a time when these formed part of the mainland. We may picture to ourselves woods such as grow at Lakeside now stretching north to Put-in-Bay and Kelley’s island, interspersed here and there with prairies, perhaps, like those on the Peninsula now. We may MOSELEY. a4 well believe the picture to represent what was once a realitv. How long ago this was we cannot tell. Some observations make it seem probable that it was not a great many centuries ago, perhaps less than twenty. Sometime we may find better means of judging. SOUTHERN AND WESTERN PLANTS WHICH GROW NEAR LAKE ERIE. Owing to the long summer enjoyed by places situ- ated on the south shore of Lake Erie, many plants grow here which are not found farther north. As the country farther east lacks prairies such as occupy a considerable part of Erie county, quite a number of species appear to reach their eastern limit here. Since a number of the species are both southern and western, no separation of southern and western species is attempted in the following list. Many of the south- ern species grow east of the southern part of Lake Michigan. and some of them in southern Minnesota, where the summer isotherms reach a higher latitude than in the eastern part of the country. The species in the list are believed to be wholly wanting or of rare or local occurrence in that part of North America, which lies east and north of the meridian and parallel of Cleveland. Few of them are found in northern Ohio anywhere east of Erie county. The plants whose names are followed by an asterisk I have not found, but Mr. David F. Day, of Buffalo, who collécted at Toledo in 1865, tells me that he found them there, Echinacea purpurea is inserted in the list because of a Toledo specimen in the herbarium of the Ohio State University. Viola pedatifida. Polygala verticillata ambigua. Hypericum gymnanthum. Desmodium lineatum. Hibiscus militaris.* Desmodium illinoense. Aesculus glabra. Petalostemon candidus.* 28 SANDUSKY FLORA. Silphium trifoliatum. Solidago speciosa angustata. Vernonia altissima. Asclepias sullivanti. Petalostemon violaceus.* Psoralea melilotoides. Geum vernum. Pyrus angustifolia. Spireea lobata. Ammannia coccinea. Eryngium yucceefolium. Thaspium barbinode angustifolium Pycnanthemum muticum pilosum. Valeriana pauciflora. Actinella acaulis glabra. Aster shortit. Coreopsis aristosa. Echinacea purpurea. Eclipta alba. Eupatorium altissimum Helianthus grosse-serratus. Helianthus hirsutus. Helianthus mollis. Helianthus occidentalis. Helianthus parviflorus. Helianthus tracheliifolius. Kuhnia eupatorioides. Liatris pycnostachya.* Liatris squarrosa intermedia. Prenanthes aspera. Prenanthes crepidinea. Rudbeckia triloba. Phlox maculata.* Hydrophyllum macrophyllum. Phacelia purshii. Cuscuta chlorocarpa. Cuscuta decora. Conobea multifida. Gerardia auriculata. Gratiola sphaerocarpa. Seymeria macrophylla. Tecoma radicans. Lippia lanceolata. Scutellaria nervosa. Scutellaria versicolor. Euphorbia dentata. Salix glancophylia. Iris cristata. Smilax ecirrhata. Trillium sessile. Carex conjuncta. Carex shortiana. Carex stenolepis. Carex granularis haleana. Carex mnhlenbergii enervis. Cyperus refractus. Rhynchospora cymosa. Aristida gracilis. Melica diffusa. Poa brevifolia. Triodia cuprea. Equisetum robustum. A ‘‘Last of Plants Observed Growing Wild in the Vicinity of Cincinnati,’’ by C. G. Lloyd, with additions furnished by Walter H. Aiken, includes six hundred and forty-five species and varieties. Of these only fifty-one native species are lacking in Erie county. A greater number than this. have been found in Lorain county, which borders Erie on the east, and might probably be found in each of the lake counties beyond. MOSELEY. 29 DEFICIENCIES IN THE SANDUSKY FLORA. Of the four counties, Lorain, Cuyahoga, Franklin and Licking, each two or three times as large as Erie, lists of plants have been published. Several hundred species are common to the four counties. Only four of these species, Viola canadensis, Hieracium venosum, Veronica americana and Habenaria orbiculata, have we failed to find in Erie county. However twenty-five species not found in Erie county, grow in both Lorain and Cuyahoga. If we had complete lists for the counties farther east, Lake and Ashtabula, we should probably find in them a still larger number that do not grow in Erie county. Their higher hills and deeper ravines, give them a more northern flora, than one findsin the neighborhood of Sandusky. Moreover the Sandusky district con- tains no genuine bog or sphagnous swamp. Such a bog encircles a little lake a few miles south-east of Erie county in Camden township, Lorain county. The list of plants growing at Camden Lake and not in Erie county, is probably incomplete. For some of the names, I am indebted to Isabel S. Smith who has found the specimens in the Oberlin herbarium. The list of other plants growing in northern Ohio is based mainly on the work of other collectors. It includes only those species which are said to grow in two or more counties bordering onthe Lake. Of some of the species I have seen no specimens. Many other species have been reported and many others un- doubtedly grow in one place or another, but this list together with the catalogue of plants of Sandusky and vicinity and the plants of Camden are thought to include all the native phenogams and vascular cryp- togams which grow in the Lake counties, excepting such as are very rare or local. 30 SANDUSKY FLORA. PLANTS GROWING AT CAMDEN LAKE, Coptis trifolia. Sarracenia purpurea. Nemopanthus fascicularis. Potentilla palustris. Viburnum cassinoides. Cassandra calyculata. Vaccinium oxycoccus. Menyanthes trifoliata. Alnus serrulata. Arethusa bulbosa. Habenaria orbiculata. Pogonia ophioglossoides. Smilacina trifolia. Calla palustris. Peltandra undulata. Scheuchzeria palustris. Carex canescens. Carex debilis. Carex trisperma. Eriophorum virginicum album. Rhynchospora alba. Glyceria canadensis. Woodwardia virginica. OTHER PLANTS NOT FOUND NEAR SANDUSKY, BUT SAID TO GROW IN TWO OR MORE OF THE COUNTIES OF OHIO THAT BORDER ON LAKE ERIE. Adlumia cirrhosa. Corydalis glauca. Stylophorum diphyllum. Viola canadensis. Viola hastata. Viola rotundifolia. Acer spicatum. Polygala polygama. Astragalus cooperi. Prunus pennsylvanica. Waldsteinia fragarioides. Ribes oxyacanthoides. Ribes rubrum subglandulosum. Saxifraga virginiensis. Oenothera biennis grandiflora. Aralia hispida. Diervilla trifida. Lonicera ciliata. Cornus canadensis. Antennaria margaritacea. Aster patens. Cacalia suaveolens. Hieracium venosum. Polymnia uvedalia. Solidago squarrosa. Solidago uliginosa. Pyrola secunda. Rhododendron nudiflorum. Vaccinium stamineum. Monotropa hypopitys. Phlox maculata. Cynoglossum virginicum. Melampyrum americanum. Pentstcmon laevigatus digitalis, Veronica americana. Rumex salicifolius. Myrica asplenifolia. Alnus incana. Betula lutea. Cypripedium parviflorum. Pogonia verticillata. Spiranthes latifolia.. Smilax glauca. Uvularia perfoliata. MOSELEY. 31 Veratrum viride. Larix americana. Carex umbellata. Asplenium trichomanes. Cyperus erythrorhizos. Ophioglossum vulgatum. Milium effusum. Phegopteris polypodioides. Woodsia obtusa. EXTINCT SPECIES. The only plant no longer found in the county, but known to have formerly grown inconsiderable quantity, is the Pitcher Plant, Sarracenia purpurea Mr. W. H. Todd remembers that this used to grow in the old huckleberry swamp near Axtell, in the eastern part of the county. This swamp of a hundred acres extent, is said to have produced yearly hundreds of bushels of blueberries, and a hundred bushels or so of cranberries. About 1856 a fire started in the muck, which lasted for a year, burning in places to a depth of four to six feet. This and drainage killed all the cranberries and nearly all the blueberries, and, how many other species, no body will ever know. It is now overgrown with a dense tangle of blackberry bushes interspersed with aspen and soft maple; the soil too light to be of much account. Had the original swamp been preserved, it _ would now be valuable for the berries it would produce. Only after repeated visits and prolonged searching in this wilderness by several persons, were two surviving bushes of the swamp blueberry discovered. Cran- berries, which formerly grew also in a swamp near Berlin Heights, are now confined to a few square yards of ground, along a road near Milan. Poison sumach formerly grew in the Axtell swamp. Jt is now all but extinct in the county. Leatherwood formerly abounded on Beecher’s flats along the west branch of the Vermillion River. A single specimen’ re- mains, probably the only one in thecounty. A sedge collected on Cedar Point several years ago, and called by Prof. Wheeler, Cyperus Houghtonii, was afterward lost and so is not included in our catalogue. Likewise ae SANDUSKY FLORA. we omit Strawberry Blite, Chenopodium capitatum, seen on Green Island in 1892, but not collected, and Hedeoma hispida, given ina list of plants, analyzed in the eastern part of Erie county by Josephine Fish, a number of years ago. The last has been found in Lorain County by Prof. eee but perhaps is not in- digenous to Ohio. FOREST TREES. Most of the land of Erie county is now under cul- tivation. Much of it was treeless when the earliest settlements were made. Nevertheless, it supports a greater variety of trees than do most of the counties of Ohio, greater, perhaps, than any similar area farther north in America. Birch, alder and tamarack, which grow farther east in Ohio, are lacking in Erie county, but it has ten kinds of oak, six of hickory, five of ash, four of maple, four of poplar, four of willow, three of thorn, two of elm, two of ironwood, two of wild crab, and one each of black cherry, chokecherry, plum, june- berry, basswood, box elder, buckeye, staghorn sumach, papaw, tulip, cucumber, red-bud, locust, coffee-tree, dogwood. pepperidge, sassafras, mulberry, hackberry, - buttonwood, beach, chestnut, walnut, butternut, hem- lock, cedar and pine. Besides these, there are several cultivated kinds that have become naturalized. The distribution is given in the catalogue, where the names may be found by referring to the index. Erie county has five times as many native trees as the whole of Great Britain. THE CATALOGUE. The catalogue that follows gives the names of the phenogams and vascular cryptogams in the her- barium of the Sandusky high school which have been collected in the region shown on the accompanying MOSELEY. ct map, i. e. Erie county, and the islands of Ottawa county, with the eastern portion of the peninsula, ex- tending as far west as Port Clinton. Specimens of all the species and varieties have been examined by Prof. C. F. Wheeler, of Michigan, to whom I am indebted also for assistance in the determination of my earlier collections of Cyperacezee and Naiadace, as well as of many puzzling forms found since. Furthermore, a collection of most of the rarer species has been deposited in the Gray Herbarium, Cambridge, Mass., and another set in the Ohio State Herbarium, at the University at Columbus, and at both places botanists have examined them to see if there were errors in the identification. To Dr. Erwin F. Smith, of Washington, I am also indebted for valuable suggestions and assistance. In a region where so many rare native species occur one would expect to find some exotic plants thriving, better than in most places in this latitude. As in the Philippine Islands where it has been intro- duced, so also in Sandusky, the tomato grows wild, coming up like a weed in many places, but especially along the bay shore, where it ripens its fruit year after year. It is difficult in some cases to say whether a species is naturalized or not. Oats grow on the shores of the islands, as well as about the docks in Sandusky, and along roads, but herbs’ of which all the specimens found have probably sprung directly from the seeds of cultivated plants, are not included in the catalogue. A watermelon vine with fruit was found on the shore of Cedar Point, and this and muskmelon, squash and pumpkin, on waste ground in Sandusky near the Bay. Peanuts, which are raised in small quantities by many people in and near Sandusky, have been found sponta- neous in two places in the city. Snapdragon, gilli- flower, candytuft, common honesty, petunia, and others, have been found growing in waste places, but 34 SANDUSKY FLORA. are excluded from the catalogue under the rule given above. On the other hand plants that are never culti- vated in this region are included, even if merely adventive. In nomenclature I have, in the main, followed the Index Kewensis, giving in parenthesis the names used in the sixth edition of Gray’s Manual, in the few cases where those differ materially from the names of the Kew Index. Names of species not native to this part of the world, are printed in italics. An asterisk indicates that the species is at present known to grow in few, if any places in Ohio, except in the neighbor- hood of Sandusky. Relative abundance is expressed by the following terms in the order named; rare, scarce, infrequent, fre- quent, common, abundant. When standing alone or coming first, they refer to Erie county as a whole. ee Se coe MOSELEY. 35 CATALOGUE. PTERIDOPHYTA. OPHIOGLOSSACE-E. BOTRYCHIUM, Swartz. . TERNATUM, Swartz. Eastern Milan, Berlin, Florence, Vermillion; in- frequent. Varies greatly. . VIRGINIANUM, Swartz. Frequent. Put-in-Bay. FILICES. ADIANTUII, L. . PEDATUM, L. Maiden-hair Fern. Common. Not on the Islands. ASPIDIUM, Swartz. . ACROSTICHOIDES, Swartz. Shield Fern. Searce in Perkins. Common on high banks of Huron and Vermillion Rivers. . CRISTATUM, Swartz. Vermillion River bottoms, Florence; rare. . GOLDIANUM, Hook. Florence and Kromer’s woods, Perkins; scarce. . MARGINALE, Swartz. Common on steep river banks. . NOVEBORACENSE, Swartz. Infrequent. e 36 SANDUSKY FLORA. A. SPINULOSUM, Swartz. Frequent in rich woods. A. SPINULOSUM INTERMEDIUM, D. C. Eaton. Frequent. Neither this nor the species seen on Peninsula or Islands. A. THELYPTERIS, Swartz. Common. ASPLENIUM, L. Spleenwort. A. ANGUSTIFOLIUM, Michx. Infrequent. A. EBENEUM. Common in Furnace woods, Vermillion, ‘* Cedar Point,” J..R. Schacht. A. FILIX-FOEMINA, Bernh. Common. Not on Peninsula or Islands. A. THELYPTEROIDES, Michx. Perkins and Florence ; scarce. CATIPTOSORUS, Link, Walking-fern. C. RHIZOPHYLLUS, Link. On sides of sandstone rocks, Vermillion River, S. Florence ; on limestone, three places in Mar- garetta, Catawba, Kelley’s sland. CYSTOPTERIS, Bernh, Bladder Fern. C. BULBIFERA, Bernh. Frequent. Islands. C. FRAGILIS, Bernh. Common. Kelley’s Island. DICKSONIA, L’Her. D. PILOSIUSCULA, Willd. Vermillion River ; frequent. Big woods, Per- kins ; scarce. | ONOCLEA, L. O. SENSIBILIS L. Sensitive Fern. Common. Not on the Islands. MOSELEY. on O. STRUTHIOPTERIS, Hoffman. Vermillion River bottoms, frequent. OSMUNDA, L. O. CINNAMOMEA, L. Cinnamon Fern. Infrequent ; Florence, Milan ‘‘ Perkins.”’ O. CLAYTONIANA, L. Common in moist woods. Not on Peninsula or Islands. O. REGALIS, L. Flowering Fern. Infrequent in wet woods. PELL/A€aA, Link, Cliff-Brake. P. ATROPURPUREA, Link. Sandstone quarry, Furnace woods, Vermillion; on limestone, Margaretta, Peninsula, Catawba, Kelley’s Island, Put-in-Baty. PHEGOPTERIS, Fee, Beech Fern. P, HEXAGONOPTERA, Fee. Frequent from the Huron river east. POLYPODIUII, L., Polypody. P. VULGARE, L. Rocky banks of rivers and Kelley’s Island; scarce. PTERIS, L. P. aguitina, L., Common Brake. Frequent. EQUISETACE. EQUISETUIMI, L., Horsetail. E. ARVENSE, L. Common but not observed on the Islands, except Kelley’s. 38 Be SANDUSKY FLORA. . LAEVIGATUM, Braun. Frequent, at least in the western part of the county. . LimosuM, L. Lake marshes, Huron Tp. - TITToRate, Kuhi* Perkins; rare. . PRATENSE, Ehrh. Frequent. . ROBUSTUM, Braun, Common, apparently entirely supplanting E. hyemale. Put-in-Bay and Kelley’s Island but no others . VARIEGATUM, Schleicher,* Cedar Point and elsewhere; rare. LYCOPODIACE. LYCOPODIUM, L., Ciub-Moss. . COMPLANATUM, L. Ground-Pine. East fork of Vermillion River; rare. . DENDROIDEUM, Michx. East of Milan; rare. . LUCIDULUM, Michx. Quarry in Furnace woods, Vermillion; rare. Each of the three kinds of club-moss has been found in but a single spot, and of the last two, only a few specimens. MOSELEY. 39 GYMNOSPERM-E. CONIFERAE, JUNIPERUS, L. J. COMMUNIS, L. Mr. Latham ’s woods, Catawba; very rare. J. VIRGINIANA, L., Red Cedar. Frequent in dry soilin various parts of Erie and Ottawa counties. Formerly abundant on the islands where its wood was one of the first sources of income to the early settlers. Many stumps two feet or more in diameter still remain on Kelley’s Island, though they are being used for kindling and for boat knees. The trees grew in the thin soil overlying the limestone, and so the roots following the level surface of the rock were given off from the trunk at a right angle. Having greater strength than an artificial joint and great durability sections of these stumps make excellent knees for small boats. Large cedars grew formerly also on Cedar Point where small ones are common now. PINUS, Tourn. P. strosus, L. White Pine. Cedar Point and Vermillion River. Both this and Red Cedar grew once where Sandusky Bay is now. TAXUS, Tourn. T. CANADENSIS, Willd. American Yew. Ground Hemlock. Shores of Islands and Vermillion River ; infre- quent. | TSUGA, Carriere. T. CANADENSIS, Carr. Hemlock. Common along the Old Woman Creek at Berlin Heights and along the Vermillion River. 40 SANDUSKY FLORA. MONOCOTYLEDONES. TYPHACEAs, SPARGANIUM, Tourn, Bur-reed. S. ANDROCLADUM. Engelm. Lake marshes. Middle Bass. S. EURYCARPUM, Engelm. Lake marshes. Middle Bass. S. SIMPLEX, Huds. Southern Florence, Shinrock. TYPHA, Tourn. T. AUGUSTIFOLIA, L. Castalia stream, Portage River and North Bass; scarce. T. LATIFOLIA, ly. (Common (Catrall: Common. NAIADACEAE. NAIAS, L., Naiad. N. FLEXILIS, Rostk, and Schmidt. Common. N. FLEXILIS ROBUSTA, Morong.* Infrequent. N. GRACILLIMA, A. Br.* ‘Portage Rivet” A. J. Pieters: POTAMOGETON, Tourn. Pond-weed. P. AMPLIFOLIUS, Tuckerm, Deep water; infrequent. P. FoLIosus, Raf. East Harbor, Put-in-bay, North Bass; mostly in shallow water. . P* FOLIOSUS NIAGARENSIS, (Tuckerm.) Morong.* North Bass and small streams in Erie County, especially Mills Creek. MOSELEY. 41 . FRIES, Rupr.* Sandusky Bay, Put-in-Bay; infrequent. . HETEROPHYLLUS, Schreb.* Frequent; especially the variety /ongipeduncula- tus. The variety maximus occurs at North Bass. . HILLU, Morong.* East Harbor; rare. . INTERRUPTUS, Kitaibel.* Sandusky Bay, Put-in-Bay; rare. . LONCHITES, Tuckerm. Common. Seucens, L.” Frequent. . NATANS, L. Common, as is also the socalled variety, prolixus. . PECTINATUS, L. Abundant- . PERFOLIATUS, L. Frequent. . PERFOLIATUS RICHARDSONII A. Bennett. Abundant. . PRAELONGUs, Wulf.* Sandusky Bay, August Guenther. Perhaps its habit of withdrawing beneath the water, as soon as its fruit is set, has prevented us from find- ing much of it. . PUSILLUS, L.* Infrequent. . ROBBINSI, Oakes. Sandusky Bay ;‘scarce. aziz, Roth.* Sandusky Bay; scarce. . ZOSTERZEFOLIUS, Schum. Common. TRIGLOCHIN, L. Arrow-Grass. . PALUSTRE, L.* Castalia Sporting Club grounds; rare. 42 SANDUSKY FLORA. ZANNICHELLIA, Mitchell, Horned Pond-Weed. Z. PALUSTRIS. The ‘‘ variety”? pedunculata grows, or did grow in one of the rivulets flowing from the Blue Hole, Gastahas rare: ALISMACE-E. ALISIMA, L. Water-Plantain. A. PLANTAGO, L. Common. LOPHOTOCARPUS, T. Durand. L. CALYCINUS, (Engelm) J. G. Smith.* In a small pond bordering the southern boundary of Sandusky. SAGITTARIA, L. Arrow-Head. S. ARIFOLIA, Nutt. Oxford, Danbury ; scarce. S. GRAMINEA, Michx.* Sandusky Bay. ‘‘EKast Harbor,” A. J. Pieters. S. LATIFOLIA, Willd. (S. VARIABILIs, Engelm. ) Common and variable. S. RIGIDA, Pursh. (S. HETEROPHYLLA, Pursh. ) Sandusky Bay, Put-in-Bay, Harbors ; frequent. In deeper water than the last. HYDROCHARIDACE-. ELODEA, [lichx. Water-Weed. E. CANADENSIS, Michx. ‘ Common. Kelley’s Island, Put-in-Bay. Filling the cove east of Sandusky so as to make it dificult to row a boat there. V. A. MOSELEY. 43 VALLISNERIA, L. Tape-Grass, Eel-Grass. SPIRALIS, L. Common. GRAMINEE. AGROPYRON, Gaert. . CANINUM, Beauv.* Berlin Heights; rare. PAvUCUM, Kk. & S.* L.S. & M.S. Ry., Sandusky; scarce. . REPENS, Beauv. Couch-Grass, Quitch-Grass. Infrequent. Kelley’s Island. AGROSTIS, L. Bent-Grass. ALBA, L,. Common, as is the variety vulgaris, Red Top. . PERENNANS, Tuckerm, Thin-Grass. Frequent. . SCABRA, Willd. Hair-Grass. Infrequent. Put-in.Bay, Middle Bass. ALOPECURUS, L. Foxtail-Grass. . GENICULATUS ARISTULATUS, Torr. Islands, Peninsula and Milan; rare in Erie county. AMIIOPHILA, Host. . ARUNDINACEA, Host. Sea Sand-Reed. Cedar Point and Marblehead Sand Spit. ANDROPOGON, L. Beard-Grass. PROVINCIALIS, Lam. (A. FURCATUS, Muhl.) Frequent. . SCOPARIUS, Michx. Frequent. Not observed in Ottawa county. Ad. SANDUSKY FLORA. ARISTIDA, L. Triple-awned Grass. . GRACILIS, Ell.* Unplowed prairle, Perkins. . PURPURASCENS, Poir.* Roadside, Joseph Smith’s, Perkins. ASPERELLA, Humb. Bottle-brusb Gress. . HYSTRIX, Humb’ Common. BOUTELOUA, Lag. Muskit-Grass. . RACEMOSA, Lag. Castalia cemetery and southwest, Marblehead ; dry ground ; scarce. Our forms approach the variety aristosa. BRACHYELYTRUI1, Beanv. . ERECTUM, Beanv. (B. ARIsTATUM R. & S. ) Frequent. BROMUS, L. Brome-Grass. ; CELIA TUS, JE. Common. Kelley’s Island., Rattlesnake Island. The variety purgans also common, but not on the Islands. - KALMU, Gray. Wild Chess. Margaretta Ridge ; rare. racemosus, L. Upright Chess. Common. . secalinus, L Cheat or Chess. Not so common as the lass. > RECLOLIIE ai: Along Big Four Ry., Sandusky and Castalia ; elsewhere also, but scarce. CENCHRUS, L. Hedgehog or Bur-Grass. TRIBULOIDES, L. Common in sand. MOSELEY. 4.5 CHRYSOPOGON, Trin. . NUTANS, Benth, Indian Grass, Wood Grass. Frequent. CINNA, L. Wood Reed-Grass. . ARUNDINACEA, L. Frequent. DACTYLIS, L. Orchard-Grass. . glomerata, L. Frequent. DANTHONIA, DC. Wild Oat-Grass. . SPICATA, A. & S. Common. Not on Islands, except Put-in-Bay. DEYEUXIA, Raf. . CANADENSIS, Beauv. Blue-Joint Grass. Frequent. Middle Bass, North Bass. EATONIA, Raf. . OBTUSATA, Gray.* Infrequent. Margaretta 1! idge, Marblehead, North Bass, ete. . PENNSYLVANICA, Gray. Frequent. Islands. . PURPURASCENS Raf. (E. DUDLEYI, Vasey. E. NITIDA Nash. ) Florence, and Furnace woods, Vermillion. ELEUSINE, Gaertn. . Indica, Gaertn. Dog’s-tail or Wire Grass. Formerly seldom seen,but now common along many sandy lanes. ELYMUS, L. Lyme-Grass, Wild Rye. . CANADENSIS, L. Frequent, especially on sand beaches. Islands. The so called variety glaucifolius occurs in a number of places but does not appear at all dis- tinct. 4.6 SANDUSKY FLORA. E. striatus, Willd. Infrequent. Kelley’sIsland. The so called var- iety villosus was found in Perkins. . VIRGINICUS, L Frequent alongstreams and shores of the Islands. to ERAGROSTIS, Host. E. CAPILLARIS, Nees. Willow Point, Margaretta and different parts of the Peninsula. E. FRANKII, Steud. Perkins, Castalia, Lockwood’s woods, Catawba. E. major, Host. Abundant. E. pursui, Schrader. | Common in Erie Co., especially along railroads. Kelley’s Island. E. REPTANS, Nees. Infrequent. E. SPECTABILIS, Steud.* (E. PECTINACEA SPECTABILIS, Gray) Lake sands of Cedar Point, Marble-head Spit, and Port Clinton; local. FESTUCA, L. Fescue-Grass. F. elatior, L. Meadow Fescue. Common. The variety pratensis common in San- dusky and along some country roads. F. NUTANS, Spreng. Common. Not noticed on Kelley’s sland. F. TENELLA, Willd. Marblehead, Cedar Point and east of Milan. GLYCERIA, R.Br. Manna Grass. G.. FLUITANS;. KR. Br. Infrequent. Islands. G. NERVATA, Trin. Common. MOSELEY. 47 . PALLIDA, Trin. Port Clinton; rare. HIEROCHLOE, S. G. Gmel. . BOREALIS, R. & S. ‘*Perkins’’ Elon House. HORDEUM, L. . JUBATUM, L. Squirrel-tail Grass. Common along L. S. & M.S. Ry. in Ottawa Co. Blue Hole, Castalia. Kelley’s Island, where probably introduced in baled hay. Marblehead. KOELERIA, Pers. , CRISTATA, Pers.* Catawba, where first found by A. D. Selby. Margaretta Ridge, Oxford; also ten miles west of Toledo. LEERSIA, Swartz. . ORYZOIDES, Swartz. Rice Cut-grass. Common. . virGInica, Willd. White Grass. Common but-*not noticed on any island except Kelley’s. LOLIUII, L. . perenne, L. Common Darnel, Ray or Rye-Grass. Sandusky, Soldier’s Home, Kelley’s Island, Put-in- ' . Bay; infrequent. Not noticed until 1897. MELICA, L. Melic-Grass. M. piFFusA, Pursh.* Castalia; rare. MUHLENBERGIA, Schreb. Drop-seed Grass. M. GLOMERATA, Trirr.* West of Castalia; rare; also ten miles west of Toledo. SF & & & & SANDUSKY FLORA. MEXICANA, Trin. Common. SCHREBERI, J. F. Gmel. ( M. DirFusa, Schreb.) Common. SOBOLIFERA, Trin.* Florence, Catawba; rare. SYLVATICA, Torr. & Gray. Perkins, Florence, Middle Bass; infrequent. WILLDENOWIH, ‘Trin. Vermillion River, Huron, Milan, Perkins, Marga- retta Ridge; infrequent. ORYZOPSIS, Michx. Mountain Rice. . MELANOCARPA, Muhl. Margaretta Ridge, Vermillion River, Put-in-Bay; rare. PANICUII, L. Panic-Grass. . AGROSTOIDES, Muhl. Huron, Milan, Oxford, Perkins, North Bass; local. . BARBULATUM, Michx. Berlin; rare. . CAPILLARE, L. Old-witch Grass. Common. . CLANDESTINUM, L. Cedar Point, Perkins, and common along river channels. . COLUMBIANUM, Scribn. Castalia, Cedar Point: Formerly “eallegeas dichotomum. . crus-galli, L. Barnyard-Grass. Abundant. . CRUS-GALLI HISPIDUM, Muhl. Frequent on wet ground about Sandusky Bay and East Harbor. . DEPAUPERATUM, Muhl. Catawba and high banks of Vermillion River and Old Woman Creek. MOSELEY. 49 . DICHOTOMUM, L. ‘Common and variable, the so called variety gracile, found only at Berlin Heights, seeming most distinct from other forms. . FLEXILE, Scribn. Castalia prairie; common. Oxford. . glabrum, Gaudin. Small Crab-Grass. Common. North Bass the only island. . LATIFOLIUM, L. Common in Erie County. . MILIACEUM, L. Miuillet. Adventive. ‘‘Cedar Point,’’ E. Claassen. Sandusky near the Bay, one specimen growing on rubbish. . PROLIFERUM, Lam. Sandusky, Oxford; rare. . PUBESCENS, Lam. Common in Hrie County. . sanguinale, L. Large Crab-Grass. Abundant. . SCOPARIUM, Lam. Oxford, Margaretta, Cedar Point, Port Clinton ; common. . VIRGATUM, L. Frequent. Kelley’s Island. Abundant on sandy shores of Lake Erie. PASPALUII, L. . SETACEUM, Michx. Dell Lindsley’s orchard, Perkins, where it has probably been for many years. PHALARIS, L. . ARUNDINACEA, 'L. Cedar Point, Huron, western Margaretta, Middle Bass; infrequent. The variety picta Ribbon- Grass, has become established along some road- side ditches. . canariensis, L. Canary-Grass. Adventive in Sandusky. 50 RR: SANDUSKY FLORA. PHLEUII, L. pratense, L. Timothy. Abundant. PHRAGMITES, Trin. Reed. . COMMUNIS, Trin. ' Frequent on wet ground. Huron, Castalia, Port Clinton, Harbors. POA, L. Meacow-Grass. . ALSODES, Gray. Florence; scarce. . annual, L. Low Spear-Gyrass. Frequent. . compressa, L. Wire-Grass. Abundant. SDEBLLAS-~ LOnr: Furnace woods, Vermillion ; rare. . PRATENSIS, L. June Grass. Kentucky Blue-Grass. Abuifdant. One specimen has a panicle eleven inches long. . SEROTINA, Ehrhart. Huron; rare. . SYLVESTRIS, Gray. Parker’s Creek, Florence; rare. . trivialis, L. Shinrock; rare. SETARIA, Beanv. . glauca, Beanv. Foxtail. Pigeon-Grass. Abundant.. The worst weed we have. . italica, Beany. Italian Millet, Hungarian Grass. Rarely escaped. Middle Bass, North Bass. . verticillata, Beanv. Sandusky near Big Four dock, 1898. . viridis, Beanv. Green Foxtail. Less abundant than 8. glauca. MOSELEY. 51 SPARTINA, Schreb. Marsh Grass. S. SCHREBERI, J. F.Gmel. (S. CYNOSUROIDES Willd. ) Fresh-water Cord-Grass. Frequent. Middle Bass. : SPOROBOLUS, R. Br. Rush-Grass. S. ASPER, Kunth. ; L.S.& M.S. Ry, east of Sandusky; rare. S. CRYPTANDRUS, Gray. . Frequent on Cedar Point and poveral places on the Peninsula. S. NEGLECTUS, Nash. Sandusky, Castalia, Plaster Beds. S. VAGINZEFLORUS, Vasey. Common. Kelley’s and Put-in-Bay the only Islands. - STIPA, L. S. SPARTEA, Trin.* Porcupine Grass. In sand; Cedar’ Point, Perkins, Bloomingville cemetery ; rare. TRIODIA, R. Br. T. CUPREA, Jacq.* Tall Red-Top. In sand near the road through the woods be- tween Port Clinton and Catawba; rare. TRIPLASIS, Beauv. T. pURPUREA, Chapm. Sand-Grass. Frequent on all sandy shores of Lake Erie; in places abundant. Kelley’s Island. ZIZANIA, L. Z. aguatica, L. Indian Rice. Water Oats. Abundant in shallow parts of Sandusky Bay, the -Harbors, etc. Middle Bass. shee. nena _ J : 5 SANDUSKY FLORA. _ : CYPERACE. CAREX, L., Sedge. . ALBICANS, Willd.* Put-in-Bay; rare. | eas! ee C. axpursina, Sheldon, (C. LAXIFLORA LATH te Boott.) past ee | Frequent. Kelley’s Island. 1 RA a CC: AQUATILIS, Wahl. ity ar BT Ey Huron, Cedar Point. Put-in- Bay ; scarce. ie ee ix C. areTaTa, Boott. . BA 0Sh | Florence, Berlin, Oxford; rare. fe S C. aAUREA, Nutt.* ee) oe oa One vigorous plant growing on a cca Sa stands in a stream near the Blue Hole, Castalia. — Bee rs, BICKNELLH, Britton ( C. STRAMINEA CRAWEI, Boc 0" Berlin Heights; rare. BROMOIDES, Schkuhr. Florence, Berlin Heights, Milan ; local. CAREYANA, Torr. acs Beecher’s flats, Vermillion River ; rare. a Rae CEPHALOIDEA, Dewey. Frequent. CEPHALOPHORA, Muhl. Neon More frequent than the last. Bass Islands. . COMMUNIS, Bailey. Florence, Margaretta Ridge; scarce. COMMUNIS WHEELERI, Bailey.* Vermillion River, Florence; rare. conjuncra, Boott. Florence, Berlin, Perkins; scarce. CRAWEI, Dewey.* . Castalia prairie, Marblehead local. | CRINITA,. Lam. Frequent from the Huron River east, cespecia I Berlin.. em oR 9 Bale PRE CMON CER pret oh in Ree OA Ce ee ems ae papieuty ease ‘o) MOSELEY. 53 DAVISII, Schwein & Torr. Shinrock, Perkins, Port Clinton, Kelley’s Island; infrequent. . DIGITALIS, Willd. Common in Florence; frequent in Vermillion, Berlin and Milan. . DIGITALIS COPULATA, Bailey. Florence, Berlin, Milan; frequent. . EBURNEA, Boott.* Kellev’s Island. Put-in-Bay; rare. . FILIFORMIs, L. Frequent? . FQENEA PERPLEXA, Bailey.* Furnace woods, Vermillion; rare. . Fusca, All. Throughout Erie Co; infrequent. . GLAUCODEA, Luckerm. Vermillion, Berlin, Milan; infrequent. . GRACILLIMA, Schwein. Frequent in Erie Co. . GRANULARIS, Muhl. Frequent. Kellev’s Island. . GRANULARIS HALEANA, Porter.* (C. HALEANA, Olney) Florence, Castalia, Groton; infrequent. - The Groton specimens have very broad leaves. GRAYII, Carey. Huron, Milan and east; infrequent. GRISEA, Wahl. Rather frequent. HITCHCOCKIANA, Dewey. ' Florence; scarce. . HYSTERICINA, Muhl. Common. Put-in-Bay and Middle Bass the only islands. . INTERIOR, Bailey.* Castalia; rare. . INTUMESCENS, Rudge. Berlin, Vermillion, Florence; infrequent. 54 SANDUSKY FLORA. C. JAMESH, Schwein. e. C O Berlin; rare. Florence; infrequent. LANUGINOSA, Michx. (C. FILIFORMIS LATIFOLIA, Boeckl. ) Frequent. Put-in-Bay. . LAXICULMIS, Schwein. Florence, Vermillion, Milan; infrequent. LAXIFLORA, Lam. Frequent. Kelleys Island. . LAXIFLORA PATULIFOLIA, Carey. Florence, Berlin, Huron; infrequent. LAXIFLORA STRIATULA, Carey. Common. LAXIFLORA VARIANS, Bailey. Common. Kelley’s the only island. LUPULINA, Muhl. Common. The so-called variety hedunculata occurs in Florence. LuRiIpA, Wahl. Frequent. Hybrids of this and the last occur in Florence and Berlin. . MONILE, Tuckerm. Vermillion, Berlin, Kimball; scarce. . MUHLENBERGII, Schkuhr.* Cedar Point; frequent. . MUHLENBERGII ENERVIS, Boott. : Catawba; rare. . muricata, L. Furnace woods, Vermillion; rare. . MUSKINGUMENSIS, Schwein.* Catawba; rare. . OLIGOCARPA, Schkuhr. Prout’s, Shinrock, Vermillion, Florence: in- frequent. . PALLESCENS. Berlin Heights and Florence; rare. . PEDUNCULATA, Muhl. Steep banks of Vermillion River, Florence; rare. OQ aS pimiig outs giro aie OLAS @ Rieti gdp Nw Mee sues MOSELEY. 55 . PENNSYLVANICA, Lam. Abundant. Put-in-Bay the only island. . PLANTAGINEA, Lam. Steep banks of Vermillion River and tributaries in southern Florence; infrequent. . PLATYPHYLLA, Carey. High banks, Vermillion River, Florence; rare. PRASINA, Wahl. Infrequent. . PSEUDO-CYPERUS AMERICANA, Hochst. (C. Comosa, Boott. ) Islands, Cedar Point, Castalia, South Florence; local. . PUBESCENS, Muhl. Frequent, especially in Florence. . RICHARDSONII, R. Br.* Castalia cemetery; rare. RIPARIA, Curtis. Infrequent. . ROSEA, Schkuhr. Common. Middle Bass the only island. . ROSEA RADIATA, Dewey. Florence; rare. . SARTWELLIANA, Olney.* (C. SARTWELLI, Dewey. ) Castalia; scarce. Huron, Cedar Point; rare. . SCABRATA, Schwein. Springy banks of Vermillion River; rare. . SCOPARIA, Schkuhr. Common. Not on the Islands. . SETACEA, Dewey. Oxford; rare or else taken for C. vulpinoidea. . SHORTIANA, Dewey. Perkins, Castalia, Berlin and common in Milan. . siccaTa, Dewey.* Perrin’s, Milan; Margaretta Ridge; rare. . SPARGANIOIDES, Muhl. Frequent. Kelley’s Island. Rattlesnake. O O C. GB 26 <0 SANDUSKY FLORA. SQUARROSA, L. Frequent. STENOLEPIS, Torr. Common, especially near Sandusky. Middle Bass the only island. STERILIS, Schkuhr. Castalia; rare. STERILIS CEPHALANTHA, Bailey. Tisdell’s, Vermillion; rare. STIPATA, Muhl. Common. STRAMINEA, Willd. Infrequent. STRAMINEA BREVIOR, Dewey.* (C. FESTUCACEA, Schkuhr.) | Marblehead, Johnson’s Island, Kelley’s, Green. STRAMINEA MIRABILIS. Tuckerm. Huron, Milan and east ; rare. STRICTA, Lam. Scarce. STRICTA DECORA, Bailey.* (C. HAYDEN, Dewey.) Kimball ; rare. . TENELLA, Schkuhr. Vermillion River flat, Florence ; one place. . TEReETIUSCULA, Gooden. Castalia ; scarce. . TETANICA, Schkuhr. Castalia prairie ; frequent. . TETANICA MEADII, Bailey.* Castalia prairie. TETANICA WOODII, Bailey. Huron and southern Florence in woods. Differs from the species in habitat and appearance. TORTA, Boott. 3 nfrequent. One specimen considered a hybrid of this and C. crinita. erat ey lad > RN 2 a ge ask ery at ee MOSELEY. 57 . TRIBULOIDES, Wahl. Frequent, especially the variety turbata. North Bass. TRIBULOIDES CRISTATA, Bailey. Common. North Bass the only island. . TRIBULOIDES REDUCTA, Bailey.* Florence and Huron ; rare. . TRICEPS HIRSUTA, Bailey. Frequent. . TRICHOCARPA, Muhl. Huron River, Milan. The variety imberbis grows in Florence. Both scarce. . TRICHOCARPA ARISTATA, Bailey.* Huron, Castalia ; infrequent. . TYPHINOIDES, Schwein. East Berlin; local. . TUCKERMANNI, Boott. Infrequent. . UTRICULATA, Boott. Blair Creek, Florence; rare. The so-called variety minor at Tisdell’s, Vermillion ; rare. . VARIA, Muhl. Frequent. . VIRESCENS, Muhl. Oxford, Huron and east; common. . VIRESCENS COSTATA, Dewey. Berlin Heights and east; infrequent. . VWIRIDULA, Michx.* (C. FLAVA VIRIDULA, Bailey.) Castalia prairie; local. . VULPINOIDEA, Michx. Common. . WILDENOWHU, Schkuhr. Florence; rare. CLADIUM, P. Br. Twig-Rush. . TRIGLOMERATUM, Nees. (C. MARISCOIDES, Torr.) Perkins, ‘‘ Castalia,’’ E. Claassen. = oy ‘o) SANDUSKY FLORA. CYPERUS, L. Galingale. DIANDRUS, Torr. : Frequent. Islands. The so-called variety cast- aneus on Cedar Polnt. . ESCULENTUS, L. Frequent in cultivated ground. . FILICULMIS, Vahl, (MariscUs GLOMERATUS, Barton.) Rather frequent in sand. . FLAVESCENS, L.* Frankinberg’s pasture, south-eastern Florence. MICHAUXIANUS, Schult, (C. spEciosus, Vahl.) About Sandusky Bay; scarce. . REFRACTUS, Engelm.” East branch, Vermillion River; one specimen. . SCHWEINITzII, Torr. Cedar Point; common. Port Clinton. . STRIGOSUS, L. Common and variable. Abundant in many pastures. One specimen over three feet tall has primary rays 8 inches long, secondary rays 24% inches, spikelets nearly 1 inch. DULICHIUM, Pers. . SPATHACEUM, Pers. Perkins, Milan, Cedar Point; local. ELEOCHARIS, R. Br. Spike-Rush. / ACICULARISY ki Br. Castalia and borders of marshes connected with Lake Erie; frequent. Bass Islands. . ACUMINATA, Nees.* (E. CoMpREsSA, Sullivant. ) Sandusky, Cedar Point, Huron, Marblehead; scarce. . ENGELMANNI, Steud.* North of Tisdell’s, Vermillion; rare. . INTERMEDIA, Schult. Cedar Point, Johnson’s Island, Marblehead, Bass Islands; frequent. DE MOSELEY. 59 . OVATA, R. Br. Frequent. Kelley's Island. North Bass. . PALUSTRIS, R. Br. Frequent. . PALUSTRIS GLAUCESCENS, Gray. Frequent. Put-in-Bay. . PALUSTRIS VIGENS, Bailey.* Sandusky Bay; in water several feet deep. . TENUIS, Schult. Infrequent. ERIOPHORUII, L. Cotton-Grass. . POLYSTACHYON, L. ‘‘Huron River’’ Henry Schoepfle. FIMBRISTYLIS, Vahl. . AUTUMNALIS, R. & S. A little bog near the Cedar Point light house. . CAPILLARIS, Gray.* In sand, south Perkins and east of Milan ; local. RYNCHOSPORA, Vahl. Beak-Rush. . CAPILLACEA, Torr. Prairie along L. K. & W. Ry., west of Castalia ; local. . CymMosaA, Nutt.* Kast of Miian ; local. . GLOMERATA, Vahl.* East of Milan; local. Also ten miles west of Toledo. SCIRPUS, L. Bulrush. . ATROVIRENS. Common. . ERECTUS, Poir.* (S. DEBILIS, Pursh.) Along shore of East Harbor west of Lakeside. 60 PD MD wD SANDUSKY FLORA. . ERIOPHORUM, Michx. ( ERIOPHORUM CYPERINUM, L.) | Frequent. The variety Jaxum occurs in Florence, Milan, and, probably, elsewhere. . LACuSTRIS, L. Great Bulrush. Common. Extensively used in the vineyards for tying up the vines. | . LINEATUS, Michx. (ERf0OPHORUM LINEATUM, Benth & Hook. ) Frequent. Kelley’s Island. North Bass. . MARIFIMUS, L. (S. FLUVIATILIS, Gray.) River Club- Rush. Common in the marshes east of Sandusky and in the East Harbor; elsewhere infrequent. Put-in-_ Bay. 7 . POLYPHYLLUS, Vahl. . Frequent. Middle Bass. . PUNGENS, Vahl. Common, especially about Sandusky Bay and Lake Erie. . SYLVATICUS) L.- ‘‘Pond near U. §.. Fish Hatchery, Put-imeBagee A.J. Pieters. . TORREYI, Olney.* North side of East Harbor; rare. SCLERIA, Berg. Nut-Rush. . PAUCIFLORA, Muhl.* East of Milan; local. Also ten miles west of - Toledo. . TRIGLOMERATA, Michx.* East of Milan; local. Also ten miles west bE Toledo. ARACE-E, ACORUS, L. Sweet Flag. . CALAMUS, L. Frequent. Abundant near Port Clinton. Put-in- Bay. ‘“ Kelley’s Island.”’ ~ MOSELEY. 61 ARISZEMA, Mart. . DRACONTIUM, Schott. Green Dragon, Dragon-root. Searce. . TRIPHYLLUM, Schott. Indian Turnip. Common. SYTIPLOCARPUS, Salisb. Skunk Cabbage. . FOETIDUS, Nutt. Infrequent. LEMNACE-., LEMNA, L. Duck-weed, Duck’s-meat. . MINOR, L. F Common at Castalia and on still water connected with Lake Erie. Islands. . POLYRRHIZA, L. (SPIRODELA POLYRRHIZA, Schleid.) Common on still water connected with the Lake. Florence. . TRISULCA, L. Castalia and still waters connected with the Lake; infrequent- Put-in-Bay. WOLFFIA, Workel. W. COLUMBIANA, Karsten. Mouth of Old Woman Creek, Pipe Creek, Put-in- Bay ; local. : COMMELINACE-. TRADESCANTIA, L. Spiderwort. T. VIRGINIANA, L. Frequent, especially on Cedar Point. T. VIRGINIANA OCCIDENTALIS, Britton. B. & O. Ry. seven miles south of depot; rare. 62 : SANDUSKY FLORA. PONTEDERIACEA:, HETERANTHERA, Ruiz & Pay. Mud-Plantain. H. GRAMINEA, Vahl. Common in still water connected with Lake Erie. PONTEDERIA, L. Pickerel-weed. P. CORDATA, L. Frequent in shallow water connected with Lake Erie. JUNCACE-AE. JUNCUS, L. Rush. Bog-Rush. J. acuminaTus, Michx. Florence; rare. J. ALPINUS INSIGNIS, Fries. Castalia, Oxford, shores of Lake Erie; frequent. Kelley’s Island. J. BALTICUS LITTORALIS, Engelm. Castalia, Cedar Point, Marblehead sand spit; locally abundant. J. BUFONIUs, L. Sandusky near B. & O. and L. S. & M.S. Ry’s; Care: J. CANADENSIS. Shinrock and Sandusky where the so-called va- riety Jongicaudatus grows. J, CANADENSIS BRACHYCEPHALUS, Engelm. Castalia, Willow Point, Sandy Beach. J. EFFUSUS, L. Common or Soft Rush. Frequent. North Bass. J. MARGINATUS, Rostk. Berlin, Vermillion, east of Milan ; infrequent. J. Noposus, L. Frequent. MOSELEY. 63 J. NODOSUS MEGACEPHALUS, Torr. Frequent. Islands. J. SCIRPOIDEs, Lam.” Oxford, southern Perkins, Vermillion; infrequent. J. TENVIs, Willd. | Common. LUZULA, D C. Wooc-Rush. L. CAMPESTRIS, D C. Frequent, especially in Milan. L. VERNALIS, D C. Vermillion River, Chapelle Creek; scarce. LILIACEAE. ALETRIS, L. A. FARINOSA, L.* Perrin’s, Milan and Joseph Smith’s, Perkins; rare ALLIUN, L. A. CANADENSE, L. Wild Garlic. Infrequent. Kelley’s Island. A. CERNUUM, Roth. Wild Onion. Common. on the Islands, Peninsula, and at Castalia. A. TRicoccum, Ait. Wild Leek. Islands, Peninsula, Florence; infrequent. ASPARAGUS, L. A. officinalis, LL. Garden Asparagus. Escaped in many places. Islands. CATIASSIA, Lindl. C. FRASERI, Torr. Wild Hyacinth. Infrequent, but occurs on eight islands and in eight townships. 64. SANDUSKY FLORA. CHAIMMAELIRIUIS. Willd. . CAROLINIANUM, Willd. Blazing-Star. Southern Perkins, Margaretta Ridge, east of Milan, Berlin Heights; rare. DISPORUM, Salisb. . LANUGINOSouM, Nichols. Florence. Berlin: scarce. ERYTHRONIUNM, L. . ALBIDUM, Nutt. White Dog’s-tooth Violet. A weed in vineyards west of Sandusky. Common on Huron River bottoms, Infrequent or rare in other parts of the county. Johnson’s Island, Kelley’s, Rattlesnake, Port Clinton. . AMERICANUM, Ker. Yellow Adder’s-tongue. Common. HEMEROCALLIS, L. . fabvaz sl. Roadsides; infrequent. North Bass. LiLIUM, L. . CANADENSE, L. Wild Yellow Lily. Infrequent. Kelley’s, Island. . PHILADELPHICUM, L. Wild Orangered Lily. Wood Lily. Scarce. . SUPERBUM, L. Turk’s-cap Lily. Milan, Florence, Vermillion; rare. Mr. Haise of Florence found ‘‘several years ago a lily with forty or fifty flowers.”’ MAIANTHEMUN, Wigg. . CONVALLARIA, Wigg. (M. CANADENSE, Desf.) False Lily-of-the-valley. Cedar Point and high banks of Old Woman Creek, Chapelle Creek and Vermillion River; infrequent. MOSELEY. 65 MEDEOLA, L. Indian Cucumber-root. M. VIRGINICA, L. Florence, Berlin, Milan, Perkins; scarce. OAKESIA, Watson. . SESSILIFOLIA, Watson. Florence; rare. ORNITHOGALUM, L. Star-of-Bethlehem. . umbellatum L. Perkins, Sundusky, Put-in-Bay; rare. POLYGONATUII1, Adans. . BIFLORUM, Ell. Smaller Solomon’s Seal. Common. GIGANTEUM, Dietrich. Great Solomon’s Seal. Common. SMILACINA, Desf. False Solomon’s Seal. . RACEMOSA, Desf. False Spikenard. Common. . STELLATA, Desf. Common; less so on the mainland than the preceding. SMILAX, L. Greenbrier. . ECIRRHATA, Watson. Perkins, Groton, Catawba, Kelley’s Island; scarce. . HERBACEA, L. Carrion-Flower. Common. . HispipA, Muhl. Frequent. Islands. . ROTUNDIFOLIA, L. Horse-brier. Infrequent. Put-in-Bay. The ‘‘variety’’ crenulata S. & H. found at Chapelle Creek. TRILLIUM, L. Wake Robin. . ERECTUM, L. Common. 66 SANDUSKY FLORA. T. GRANDIFLORUM, Salisb. Common. TT; SHSSILE;. [:: Vermillion River flats ; frequent. UVULARIA, L. Bellwort. U. GRANDIFLORA. Infrequent. Islands. ZYGADENUS, [lichx. Z,. ELEGANS, Pursh.* Marblehead; rare. AMARYLLIDACEAE. HYPOXIS, L. Star-Grass. He PRECrAS Ty. Infrequent. DIOSCOREACE-R. DIOSCOREA, L. Yam. D. vitLosa, L. Wild Yam-root. | Frequent. Kelley’s Island, Put-in-Bay. IRIDACE-R. IRIS, L. Flower-de-Luce. [ I. cristata, Ait, Crested Dwarf Iris. Our specimens of this rare plant were collected along the Vermillion River in what was said to be Erie County, but the spot proves to be a few — yards south of the line. Eli Beecher, who owns the adjacent flats in Erie County, says he has seen it there. | = MOSELEY. 67 VERSICOLOR, L. Larger Blue Flag. Frequent. Islands. SISYRINCHIUI1, L. Blue-eyed Grass. . ANGUSTIFOLIUM, Mill. Infrequent. . GRAMINOIDES, Bicknell. Infrequent. ORCHIDACE-. APLECTRUIM, Torr. Putty-Root. Adam-and-Eye. . HYEMALE, Torr. Rare. Puckrin’s woods, Perkins. ‘‘Smith’s, Perkins,’ Ross Ransom. ‘Cedar Point,”’ Claassen and Krebs. .‘‘ Marblehead,’’ Gertrude Johnson. ‘‘ Vermillion,’’ Otto Todd. ‘Formerly considerable near the quarry on west branch of Vermillion River,”’ Eli Beecher. CALOPOGON, R. Br. Pete CHL LS, he Br. South-west of Castalia; rare. Seen only in 1895. CORALLORHIZA, Haller. Coral-root. . MULTIFLORA, Nutt. Florence, Huron, Catawba; rare. . ODONTORHIZA, Nutt. Blair Creek, Florence; Graham’s woods, Huron; Smith’s woods, Perkins; rare. CYPRIPEDIUM, L. Lady’s Slipper. Moccason-flower. CANDIDUM, Muhl.* Small White Lady’s Slipper. _ Along a railroad near Castalia ; locally common. . PUBESCENS, Willd. Larger yellow Lady’s Slipper. In seven towxrships, but rare. . SPECTABILE, Salisb. Showy Lady’s Slipper. One spot on high, wet, shale bank of east branch, Vermillion River. An orchid found by Job Fish ‘about 1859, the most beautiful wild flower’’ he “ever found’’ was probably of this species. 68 SANDUSKY FLORA. , GOODYERA, R. Br. Rattlesnake-Plantain. PUBESCENS, R Br. Florence, Berlin, Milan, Oxford, Perkins; scarce. HABENARIA, Willd. Reit-Orchis. . BRACTEATA, R. Br. In five townships; rare. . HERBIOLA, R. Br. (H. VIRESCENS, Spreng.) In five townships ; rare. . HOOKERIANA, Torr. “Margaretta Ridge,’ Henry Schoepfie; one plant. . LACERA R. Br. Ragged Fringed-Orchis. Perkins, Milan, Vermillion; rare. . PSYCODES, Gray. Purple Fringed-Orchis. Florence, Milan, ‘‘Cedar Point,’’ Leslie Stair : rare. . TRIDENTATA, Hook. Kast of Milan; one plant. LIPARIS, Richard. Twayblade. L@SELU, Richard. Bog near Cedar Point Light House, ORCHIS, L. SPECTABILIS, L. Showy Orchis. Rather frequent in Florence, infrequent in four townships. POGONIA, Juss. PENDULA, Lindl. “Filorence,”’ Josephine Fish, also Otto Todd; Kast Berlin ; ‘‘ Perkins,’’ Ransom ; local. SPIRANTHES, Richard. Ladies’ Sresses. . CERNUA, Richard. Local. This and Orchis spectabilis are less rare than our other orchids. . GRACILIS, Beck. ‘‘Bloomingville,’’? W. A, Kellerman. Perkins; rare. MOSELEY. 69 DICOTYLEDONES. SAURURACEAE. | SAURURUS, L. Tie ede aateh S. CERNuUS, L. - Frequent in eastern part of the county; in- frequent in Huron, Milan and Perkins. JUGLANDACE-.. CARYA, Nutt. Hickory. C. ALBA, Nutt. Shell-bark or Shag-bark Hickory. Abundant. Hickory is used in Sandusky by two wheel works and two whip-stalk factories ; also by the Sandusky Tool Company for chisel hand- les, for tin-smith’s mallets, and for ladder-rounds that are sent to Northern Michigan for use in the copper mines. 0 AMARA, Nutt. Bitter-nut or Swamp Hickory. Frequent. One in the German Settlement has a circumference of 9 feet, 8 inches. C. MICROCARPA, Nutt. Frequent, at least in Perkins. C. suLcaTa, Nutt. Big Shell-bark. King-nut. Frequent. SANDUSKY FLORA. . TOMENTOSA, Nutt. Mocker-nut. White-heart Hickory. Frequent. Put-in-Bay. . PoRcINA, Nutt. Pig-nut or Broom Hickory. Frequent. Islands. JUGLANS, L. . CINEREA, L. Butternut. White Walnut. Infrequent. . nigRA, L. Black Walnut. Frequent. Said to have grown formerly on Kelley’s Island, and Middle Bass. The number and size of the walnut stumps along the border of the Huron marsh east of Sandusky and of the prostrate trunks in the marsh is remarkable. See page 14. SALICACE-:, POPULUS, L. . alba, L. White Poplar. Abele. Frequent in the vicinity of planted trees: Keliey’s Island. Put-in-Bay. . GRANDIDENTATA, Michx. Large-toothed Aspen. Rather frequent. Put-in-Bay. Plentiful along the lake shore drive east of Huron. . HETEROPHYLLA, L. Downy Poplar. Florence, Huron; rare. . MONILIFERA, Ait. Cotton-wood. Necklace Poplar. Common. . TREMULOIDES, Michx. American Aspen. Frequent, especially on the Islands. SALIX, L. Willow. Osier. . alba cerulea, Koch. Blue Willow. Cedar Point and Sandusky near the Bay; rare. MOSELEY. . alba vitellina, Koch. Golden Osier. Frequent. Islands. . AMYGDALOIDEs, Anders. Frequent. . CANDIDA, Willd.* Sage Willow. Hoary Willow. Castalia prairie; rare. . CoRDATA, Muhl. Heart-leaved Willow. Common, but not noticed on Kelley’s Island. . CORDATA ANGUSTATA, Anders. Infrequent. Put-in-Bay. . DISCOLOR, Muhl. Glaucous Willow. Frequent, as is also the “ variety ” eriocephala. . GLAUCOPHYLLA, Bebb. Cedar Point, Castalia; infrequent. . HUMILIS. Marsh. Prairie Willow. Oxford ; scarce. . LONGIFOLIA, Muhl. Common, especially along the lake. - LucipA, Muhl. Florence, Marblehead, Put-in-Bay ; infrequent. . NIGRA, Marsh. Black Willow. Frequent. Islands. . NIGRA FALCATA, Torr. Frequent. . PETIOLARIS, Smith. House’s swamp, southern Perkins. . purpurea, L. Purple Willow. Infrequent. Kelley’s Island. ' Put-in-Bay. . ROSTRATA, Richardson. Infrequent. Islands. . SERICEA, Marsh. Silky Willow. House’s swamp, Perkins. Milan? . fragilis x alba. 3 Castalia, ete. 71 ~] bo SANDUSKY FLORA. BETULACE-:, CARPINUS, L. Iron-wood. C, AMERICANA, Michx. American Hornbeam. Blue or Water Beech. Frequent. ‘‘Kormerly many on Kelley’s Island.” Lester Carpenter. CORYLUS, L. C. AMERICANA, Walt. Hazel-nut. Common. Not on the Islands. OSTRYA, L. Iron-wood. O. vireinica, Willd. American Hop-Hornbeam. Lever- wood. Common, especially on rocky shores of the Islands. FAGACE~.. CASTANEA, L. C. SATIVA AMERICANA, Watson. Chestnut. Common in Erie County in sandy soil. Chestnut fence posts sometimes put forth leafy shoots. FAGUS, L. F. FERRUGINEA, Ait. American Beech. Not on Islands or Peninsula, nor within five miles of Sandusky. A few in Kromer’s woods and farther south along Pipe Creek. Infrequent along Huron River in Milan, frequent in Berlin, com- mon in Vermillion, abundant in Florence. ‘‘ Two trees on Put-in-Bay thirty years ago,’’ Vroman. “Formerly a few on Middle Bass.’ Wood found in the submerged forest, Huron Marsh. Most Sandusky children do not .know beech nuts. Wood used. by Sandusky Tool Company for planes. MOSELEY. 73 QUERCUS, L. Oak. Q. aLBa, L. White Oak. Common. @. BICOLOR, Willd. Willd. Swamp White Oak. Frequent. Kelley’s Island. Q. coccINEA, Wang. Scarlet Oak. East of Milan; frequent. Marblehead, Port Clinton, Catawba and probably elsewhere. . IMBRICARIA, Michx. Laurel or Shingle Oak. Common in middle and western parts of Erie County. Abundant in Oxford and on Cedar Point. . MACROCARPA, Michx. Bur Oak, Over-cupor Mossy- cup Oak. Frequent. Islands. Under the large Bur Oak at the corner of Wayne and Jefferson Sts., the Indians used to hold their councils. It is said to have grown very little since the early settlers came to Sandusky. . MUHLENBERGH, Engelm. Yellow Oak. Chanhaixt Oak. Common on the Peninsula and Islands. Less frequent in Erie County. Q. PALUSTRIS, Du Roi. Swamp Spanish or Pin Oak. Common. Not noticed on the Islands. Q. PRINUS, L. Rock Chestnut Oak. Sandusky. Marblehead, Islands and elsewhere? The oak in Judge Mackey’s yard on Columbus Ave. south of the fair grounds is of this species. . RUBRA, L. Red Oak. Common. . VELUTINA, Lam. (Q. TincTorRI4,) Bartram. Black Oak. Quercitron. Common. ‘Kelley’s and Put-in-Bay the only islands. On Cedar Point, where this species abounds, is a tree which I should call Q. marylandica, Muench., were I not advised differently, and other trees of the same sort or else hybrids between itand Q. velutina. None of these were noticed until September, 1898. vee wort ae #, a ‘ wre u ty > Ce OF Oe ee PT sad SANDUSKY FLORA. | < +: a ei, ©, ae: : ~h >. ; ; s a 4 ty Ae Ss ‘. : oa iv : oe tie ae : .. f he ree” ie i ULMACE:. ee | : “ae Be CEELTIS, -L: - as ry ©. occiwENTALis, L. Hackberry. Sugar-b c Beress (oS Frequent. Common on the Islands and aS ana Point. | Lv 2s Le d 2 Cas ULMIUS, L. , Ss. U. americana, L. American or White Elm. | ae pe 3 Common. Wood used for the handles” and a ta | of baskets and for lime barrels. Oe “e ae RES U. Futva, Michx. Slippery or Red Elm. “ae ie Re : Frequent. All the Islands. * 1S a oa . Barat 2 : eo | ey MORACEZE. az 4 ; | Sale ae : is Sa ea | CANNABIS, L. pats a iy C. sativa, L. Hemp. ¥ R: a a oe Roadside, Margaretta or Groton; very r 3 3 > 2 ToS ne ee es HUMULUS, L. | in My ‘ _ = . Wt eae o 3 va H. LUPULUS, L. Hop. 4 eee Aes Castalia, Milan; infrequent. == RS TIACLURA, Nutt.< > eae Ratt 43 ; eRe : M. AURANTIACA, Nutt. Osage Orange. ee Found only near where it has been } a Be scarcely naturalized. The row of trees +a ne i, Ransom place, Castalia road, probably SU Ip: pe any farther north in America. . at kK _ MORUS, L. ig : Ae M. alba, L.* White Mulberry. 2. “2 Rare in woods, where the seeds have p epee been dropped by birds. ? i . M. ruBRA, L. Red Mulberry. ee bs; Throughout, but infrequent. “Formerly ¢ Cc r at Port Clinton.” Islands. - *» a. ¥ i, ~ _ MOSELEY. URTICACE:. BOEHMERIA, sca aN False Nettle. LAPORTEA, Gaudichaud. as Ss 1 CARADENSS Gaudichaud. Wood-Nettle. 3 is ie Ng e = PARIETARIA, L. 3 ee. Muhl. Pellitory. — Meee / Abundant. 7 | : a eae a or PILEA, Lindl. | AS = PUMILA, Gray. Richweed. Clearweed. | y Re _ Common. Kelley’s the only island. | xk _URTICA, L. Nettle. . 3 4 i ae goes ACILIS, Ait. ; ora. Be Be. Ob _ Common. . - es ae pe SANTALACEAR, of ae i Wit COMANDRA, Nutt. Bastard Toad-flax. ; r Te 3 Sik. oe ¢ . UMBELLATA, Nutt. | ARO = Frequent. arp bot Che ra: 2 a rm ea + fog! r. ~ i. a ths ed ws ‘Pas bad ~~ * BR» r ee Nu vA aes , fee “ARISTOLOCHIACHAZ. © 6 8. SS . a Beri ss ARIRTOLOCHIA, L. ~ ASARUTI, L, “Wild Gingérs Sa’ eaee ew i \ ) ¥ , ay, . i: : “e + 76 SANDUSKY FLORA. $45 A. REFLEXUM, Bicknell. ag Sw . HYDROPIPER. Smart-weed. Water Pepper. Huron River, Milan, and probably elsewhere. The variety ambiguum also occurs. Aik = POLYGONACE-. FAGOPYRUII, Gaertn. tae ESCULENTUM, Moench. Buckwheat. Infrequent, except in fields where it has sometime been sown. POLYGONUM, L. Knotweed. ACRE, H. B. K. Water Smartweed. Common. AMPHIBIUM, L.* Marblehead ; rare. . ARIFOLIUM, L. Halberd-leaved Tear-thumb. Bristol’s woods, Florence. ‘ AVICULARE, L. Knot-grass. Door-weed. Abundant. CAREYI, Olney.* Southern Perkins. convolvulus, L. Black Bindweed. Common. i . DUMETORUM, L. Copse or Hedge Buckwheat. Milan, Marblehead. This or P. SCANDENS is common and grows on the Islands. ERECTUM, L. Erect Knotweed. Common. HARTWRIGHTIU Gray.* A few plants near L. S. & M.S. freight house. Doubtless introduced. Common. . HYDROPIPEROIDES, Michx. Mild Water Pepper. — Infrequent. Kelley’s Island. ne Reps PON a O-. MOSELEY. he . INCARNATUM Ell. Frequent in wet places near Lake Erie and Sandusky Bay, also at Castalia. . LAPATHIFOLIUM, L. Cedar Point, Lockwood’s ; infrequent. . LITTORALE, Link.* Sandusky; frequent. Kelley’s Island, and probably many other places near Lake Erie, We failed to distinguish it, till recently, from P. aviculare. . MUHLENBERGII, Watson. Frequent. Islands. orientale, L. Barely naturalized in two or three places. . PENNSYLVANIcwuM, L. Abundant. Kelley’s and Middle Bass the only islands where it has been noticed. . persicaria, LL. Lady’s Thumb. Abundant. . RAMOSISSIMUM, Michx.* Hill’s woods, southern Perkins ; one plant. - sacirTatTum, L. Arrow-leaved Tear-thumb. Frequent. . SCANDENS, L. Climbing False Buckwheat. Margaretta, Cedar Point and probably elsewhere. See P. dumetorum. . TENUE, Michx.* Marblehead; frequent. Margaretta, between quarry and Castalia road. Only in thin soil over- ~ lying the lime stone. . VIRGINIANUM, L. Common. Not ou the Islands. RUMEX, L. . acetosella, L. Field or Sheep Sorrel. _ Abundant. Put-in-Bay; rare. ‘“Kelley’s Island.’’ Not on other islands. . ALTISSIMUS, Wood. Pale Dock. . BRITANNICA, L. Great Water-Dock. . crispus; lL. Curled Dock: . obtusifolius, LL. Bitter Dock. Bee crete . HASTATAST. . LEPTORALIS, 44.* . album viride, Moq. . ambrosioides, L.. Mexican Tea. . BOSCIANUM, Mogq. SANDUSKY FLORA. Sandusky by Big Four track, Put-in-Bay ; rare; also Oak Harbor, Ottawa County. - Marshes connected with Sandusky Bay; frequejien Abundant. Common. VERTICILLATUS. Common in marshes. CHENOPODIACE. ATRIPLEX, L. Orache. . ARGENTEA, Nutt. Near Big Four R. R., Sandusky and Castalia: Sex rare. . Common near Lake and Bay. In many’ places in * Sandusky the most common weed. 7 — Sandusky ; frequent. Huron. CHENOPODIUM, L. Pigweed. . album, L. Lamb’s Quarters. Pigweed. Common. Neen Common. AK L.S. & M.S. R.R. yards, Sandusky; rare. Cedar Point, Perkins, Kelley’s Island, and, doubtless, elsewhere. hae “ae te be MOSELEY. 79 . botrys, L. Jerusalem Oak. Feather Geranium. Western part of Erie Co., mostly along railways (C.S. & H. and L. E. & W). Marblehead. Kelley’s Island. Infrequent except on Marble- head. glaucum, L. Oak-leaved Goosefoot. Castalia prairie and along L. E. & W. Ry. at Castalia and Sandusky; rare. . HysBripuM, L. Maple-leaved Goosefoot. Islands, Peninsula, Cedar Point, Perkins, Margaretta; frequent. . LEPTOPHYLLUM, Nutt.* Cedar Point and probably elsewhere; infrequent. . murale, L. Sandusky; infrequent. . urbicum, L. Rather frequent on the Peninsula, and in the western third of Erie Co. Kelley’s Island. aq AMARANTACE-E, . ACNIDA, L. TUBERCULATA, Mog. Wet ground near Lake and Bay and at Castalia; infrequent. Kelley’s Island. Middle Bass AMARANTUS, L. Amaranth. . ALBUS, L. Tumble Weed. Common. ~ . BLITOIDES, Watson. Common. . chlorostachys, Willd. Common. . . hypochondriacus, L. Sandusky, Perkins; scarce. : hy 9) , bee hee Te oll ee Poe 80 SANDUSKY FLORA. A. paniculatus, L. Roadsides, Sandusky and Islands; infrequent. A. retroflexus, L. Common... PHYTOLACCACE-E. PHYTOLACCA, L. P. DECANDRA, L. Poke. Scoke. Pigeon-berry. Gar-— get. Common. NYCTAGINACE4E. Pit, OXYBAPHUS, Vahl. | : O. NYCTAGINEUS, Sweet. L.S. & M.S. Ry. in eastern Sandusky. AIZOACEAE. MOLLUGO, L. M. VERTICILLATA, L. Carpet-weed. Sandusky, southern Perkins, Milan; local. PORTULACACE-.. CLAYTONIA, L. C. vircinica, L. Spring Beauty Abundant. PORTULACA, L. P. oleracea, L. Purslane. Abundant. MOSELEY.. 81 CARYOPHYLLACEAE. ANYCHIA, [lichx. Forked Chickweed. . CAPILLACEA, DC. Infrequent. Put-in-Bay. . DICHOTOMA, Michx. Marblehead, Catawba; infrequent. Plentiful in places on the shale in Oxford and Perkins. ARENARIA, L. Sandwort. . LATERIFLORA, L. Lake woods, Port Clinton and Big woods, Perkins; rare. . serpyllifola, L. Thyme-leaved Sandwort. Islands, Peninsula, Margaretta, western Perkins; frequent. . sTRICTA, Michx. Islands, Peninsula, Margaretta, western Perkins, Cedar Point; locally common. CERASTIUM, L. Mouse-ear Chickweed. . NUTANS, Raf. Frequent. Islands. . OBLONGIFOLIUM, Torrey.* More frequent than the last on Islands and Peninsula and in the western half of Erie Co. . vulgatum, L. Common. LYCHNIS, L. . dioica, L. Red Lychnis. Avery; probably adventive. . githago, Scop. Corn Cockle. Common. Kelley’s the only Island. . vespertina, Sibth. Franz Otto’s, Perkins. 82 SANDUSKY FLORA. 2g SAPONARIA, L. 4? S. officinalis, L. Soapwort. Bouncing Bet. a Frequent. Islands. < SILENE, L. S. ANTIRRHINA, L. Sleepy Catchfly. : Frequent. Kelley’s Island. . S. conica, L.* Corn Catchfly. “Sandy field west of B. & O. R. R., southern Perkins.”’ Ross Ransom. The first recorded appearance of this plant in the United States was at Clyde, Sandusky County, where it was imtro- duced in Crimson Clover seed, 1896. S. cucubalus, Wibel.* Bladder Campion. Well established and increasing in a field of - James Hamilton, Kelley’s Island. S. dichotoma, Ehrh. Forked Catchfly. Northeast of Port Chnton; probably adventive. S. noctiflora, L. Night-flowering Catchfly. Sandusky; scarce. S. VIRGINICA, L. Fire Pink. Put-in-Bay; frequent. Kelley’s Island. Ca- tawba, Hartshorn’s, Johnson’s Island. ‘‘ Cedar Point,’’ Alden Knight. STELLARIA, L. S. LoncIFoLIA, Muhl. Long-leaved Stitchwort. Frequent. S. media, Cyrill. Common Chickweed. Abundant. NYMPHAEACEA:. BRASENIA, Schreber. B. PELTATA, Pursh. Water-shield. Cedar Point; one plant. y r ha 2 r att MOSELEY. 83 NELUIIBIUII, Adans. Sacred Bean. ¥ , N. Lureum, Willd. American Nelumbo or Lotus. Water Chinkapin or Wankapin. In still, deep, water at several places about Sandusky Bay, in the East and West Harbors, at Port Clinton where a large amount of it grows in the Portage River, and west to Monroe, Michigan, but believed to grow nowhere along the American shore of Lake Erie east of the mouth of the Old Woman Creek. A hundred acres of it at the head of Sandusky Bay and along the river, more, probably, than the whole quantity in the United States farther east. The lotus has the largest flowers and largest leaves of any plant in the Sandusky flora. Petioles sometimes 9 feet long; ‘‘ blades 26 inches broad.”’ NUPHAR, Smith. Spatter-Dock. N. apDvENA, Ait. Yellow Pond-Lily. Sandusky Bay, Middle Bass, Blair Creek; freqnent. NYMPHAEA, Tourn. Water-Lily. N. TUBEROSA, Paine. Common in still waters connected with the Bay and Lake. CERATOPHYLLACEA., CERATOPHYLLUM, L. Hornwort. C. DEMERSUM, L. Sandusky Bay, East Harbor, Port Clinton, Put- in-Bay; common. . ee iy { a . “ie ¥ Su Uytaty ; Si ng eg OW CONTE - - ~— eo ae, ve tp seks aon han es fat Dd be dy ie & ey 4“, » Se erat wily % et S Le s ’ v « “s ve Poe 84 SANDUSKY FLORA. MAGNOLIACE-:. LIRIODENDRON, L. Tulip-tree. i) SULIPIFERA . Ty?) Scarce in the western but frequent in the eastern part of the county, where many of the largest trees in the primeval forest were of this species. Lakeside. Commonly called White-wood and im- properly, Yellow Poplar and White Poplar. The wood suitable for pumps, troughs and hollow ware. MAGNOLIA, L. M. acuminata, L. Cucumber-tree. Two trees near the iron bridge across east branch of Vermillion River. “Big woods, Perkms,(2 AMONACE=. ASIMINA, Adans. A. TRILOBA, Dunal. North American Papaw. | Not found near Sandusky, but near Milan and in many places east from there to the Vermillion River, especially along the Old Woman Creek and other streams. Also in the forest west of Castaliain Sandusky Co, ‘‘Formerly on Kelley’s Island.” RANUNCULACEZE. ACTEA, L. “4 A. ALBA, Mill. White Baneberry. Frequent. A. SPICATA RUBRA, Ait. Red Baneberry. Cedar Point, Perkins, Margaretta Ridge; scarce. Berlin.”’ MOSELEY. 85 ANETDIONE, L. A. ACUTILOBA, Laws. (Hepatica acutiloba, D C.) Liver-leaf. Frequent. Islands. A. CYLINDRICA, Gray. Long-fruited Anemone. Infrequent but observed in eight townships. A. picHotoMA, L. (A pennsylvanica, L. ) Common. All islands, except Kelley’s. A. HEPATICA, L. (Hepatica triloba, Chaix) Liver-leaf. Frequent. Not observed in Florence where A. acutiloba is rather common. Islands. Both species more frequent on the Peninsula than in Erie Co. A. NEMOROSA, L. Wind-flower. Wood Anemone. Common. A. THALICTROIDES, L. Rue-Anemone. Common. Sometimes double. In blossom as late as September. A. VIRGINIANA, L. Frequent. Islands. AQUILEGIA, L. Columbine. A. CANADENSIs, L. Not noticed near Sandusky, except on Cedar Point, but common among rocks on the Penin- sula and Islands and at Margaretta Ridge. Berlin, Vermillion, Florence. Adorns the rocky shores of the islands. CALTHA, L. Marsh Marigold. C. PALUSTRIS, L. Frequent. CIMICIFUGA, L. Bugbane. C. racEmMoSA, Nutt. Black Snakeroot. Black Cohosh. Common in woods in eastern part of Erie Co, and extending west to Perkins. } * / 86 SANDUSKY FLORA. CLEMATIS, L. Virgin’s Bower C. VIRGINIANA, L. Frequent. North Bass. DELPHINIUM, L. Larkspur. D. ajacis, L. Spontaneous in gardens and near them. D. AZUREUM, Michx. One plant found by L. S. & M.S. Ry. between Venice and Bay Bridge, by Will Newberry. Probably adventive. HYDRASTIS, Ellis. Orange-root. H. CANADENSIS, L. Golden Seal. Frequent in rich woods long’ undisturbed. ‘‘Kelley’s Island.” ‘‘Catawba.”’ ISOPYRUII, L. I. BITERNATUM, Torr & Gray. Vermillion River, southeren Florence; scarce. “Huron River at Norwalk”’ Leslie D. Stair. Ss NIGELLA, L. N. damascena, L. Fennel-flower. Spontaneous in gardens and rarely escaped. RANUNCULUS, L. Crowfoot. Buttercup. R. aBorTIvus, L. Small-flowered Crowfoot. Common. R. acris, L. Tall or Meadow Buttercup. Florence, Berlin, Huron, Sandusky, Put-in- Bays infrequent. R. circinatus, Sibth. Stiff Water Crowfoot. Sandusky Bay, Castalia, Mill’s Creek; frequent. R. FASCICULARIS, Muhl. Early Buttercup. } Margaretta, Huron, Peninsula, Johnson’s Island, Kelley’s Island; locally plentiful. MOSELEY. 87 R. MULTIFIDUS, Pursh. House’s swamp, Perkins; Castalia; Peninsula; “Islands; infrequent. R. oBTusiuscuLus. Raf. (R. ambigens, Watson,) Water Plantain Spearwort. Millan and Florerfce; rare. -R. PENNSYLVANICcus, L. f. Bristly Buttercup. Sandnsky and Willow Point near the Bay, Catawba; rare. - R. RECuRTATUS, Poir. Hooked Crowfoot. Frequent, especially along rivers. R. SCELERATUS, L. Cursed Crowfoot. Frequent. Islands. R. SEPTENTRIONALIS, Poir. Swamp or Marsh Butter- ¢ cup. Common. Kelley’s and ‘‘Put-in-Bay”’ the only islands. THALICTRUII, L. Meadow-Rue. T. pioicum, L.. Early Meadow-Rue. Common. T. poLycamum, Muhl. Tall Meadow-Rue. Frequent. T. PURPURASCENS, L. Purplish Meadcw-Rue. Frequent, especially near Castslia. BERBERIDACE:. BERBERIS, L. Barberry. B. VULGARIS, L. Common Barberry. Woods, Milan and Huron; rare. Seeds probably dropped by birds. CAULOPHYLLUIT, MMichx. Blue Cohosh. C. THALICTROIDES, Michx. Florence, Vermillion, Berlin, Perkins, Johnson’s Island; infrequent. 88 SANDUSKY FLORA. JEFFERSONIA, Barton. Twin-leaf. J. BINATA, Barton, (J. DIPHYLLA, Pers.) , Johnson’s Island, but nowhere else near Sandusky. Lockwood’s woods, Peninsula. Several places along Vermillion River, Florence. PODOPHYLLUM, L. Mandrake. P. PELTATUM, L. May-Apple. Abundant. Fruit edible. ‘Leaves and roots poisonous.” Gray. MENISPERMACEAE, ei ‘ MENISPERMUII, L, Moonseed. M. CANADENSE, L. Frequent. Islands. LAURACE-:. LINDERA, Thumb. L. BENZOIN, Meisn. Spice-bush. Benjamin-bush. In rich woods in Hrie County the most abundant shrub. SASSAFRAS, Nees. S. OFFICINALE, Nees. Frequent. ‘‘Formerly on the Islands.” Sub- merged trunks found in Huron Marsh. See page 15. Some trees on the Peninsula measured by J. R. Kelly have trunks with circumferences as follows: 8 ft..\2 int; \/7git.;, 6 ft 10° tages Formerly sassafras oil was made in Sandusky. PAPAVERACE/, CHELIDONIUM, L. Celandine. C. majus, L. Scarce. MOSELEY. 89 PAPAVER, L. Poppy. . argemone, L. Rough-fruited Corn-Poppy. “Tn a Crimson Clover field, Perkins.’ Ross Ransom. Probably adventive. . somniferum, L. Opium Poppy. Along a_ railroad, Sandusky; rare and adventive. SANGUINARIA, Dell. Blood-root. . CANADENSIS, L. Frequent. Islands. FUMARIACE. CORYDALIS, Vent. . AUREA, Willd. Golden Corydalis. *« Port Clinton,’’ Leslie D. Stair. . FLAVULA, D C. Peninsula and Islands including Johnson’s. ‘‘Cedar Point.’”’ Krebs. DICENTRA, Borkh. . CANADENSIS, Walp. Squirrel Corn. Berlin, Florence, Milan, Perkins; rare. ‘Vermillion ’’ Otto K. Todd, . CUCULLARIA, Bernh. Dutchman’s Breeches. Frequent. All the Islands. FUMARIA, L. Fumitory. . officinalis, L. Sandusky, Cedar Point, Kelley’s Island; rare. / CRUCIFERZ. ALYSSUM, L. . CALYCINUM, | WE. ‘‘Catawba’’ Nettie Schnaitter. oo ._~ >» - at i ey . > ale % . <3 90 SANDUSKY FLORA. ARABIS, L. Rock Cress. CANADENSIS, L. Sickle-pod. Perkins, Margaretta, Peninsula, Johnson’s — | Island, Put-in-Bay. Middle Bass; ne . DENTATA, Torr & Gray. | Cedar Point, Florence, Johnson’s Island, North © Bass, Green Island; infrequent. . DRUMMONDII, Gray. (A. CONFINIS. Watson.) Cedar Point and Islands; frequent. . HIRSUTA, Scop. Marblehead; common. Catawba, Mouse Island, Margaretta, Huron River. . LAEVIGATA. DC. Frequent. Islands. . LYRATA., L. Cedar Point;common. Perkins, Marblehead. . PERFOLIATA, Lam. Tower Mustard. Johnson’s Island; rare. BARBAREA, R. Br. Winter Cress. . VULGARIS, R. Br. Yellow Rocket. Frequent, Green Island. Some of the specimens, at least, belong to the ‘‘variety”’ stricta, which may be distinct. BRASSICA, L. . napus, L. Rape. Sandusky, Vermillion; adventive. nigra, Kock. Black Mustard. Common. . sinapistrum, Boiss. Charlock. Abundant. CAKILE, Tourn. Sea-Rocket. MARITIMA, Scop. (C. AMERICANA, Nutt. ) Shores of Lakeand Bay ; common. tee ; MOSELEY. 91 CAMELINA, Crantz. False Flax. _ C. sativa, Crantz. ek’ Sandusky and Avery; rare. & CAPSELLA, Medic. Shepherd’s Purse. C. bursa-pastoris, Medic. ’ Abundant. CARDATIINE, L. “Bitter Cress. -C. pipHyiLia, Wood. Two-leaved Toothwort. - Huron River near Millan; rare. Florence; scarce. ‘‘Berlin Heights’’ Chas. Judson. C. tacintaTa, Wood. Toothwort. Pepperroot. : Common. _C. PENNSYLVANICA, Muhl. age Frequent. Kelley’s Island. North Bass. C. RHOMBOIDEA, DC. Spring Cress. . Common. C. RHOMBOIDEA PURPUREA, Torr. Common. * COCHLEARIA, L. (C. armoracia, L. (Nasturtium arnoracia, Fries.) =). Horseradish. Frequent. Islands. CONRINGIA, Link. -C. orientalis, Dum.* Hare’s-ear Mustard. Four plants found along railroad near ice houses, eastern Sandusky, 1897, by Geo. Gilberf. DRABA, Dill. Whitlow-Grass. ‘D. CAROLINIANA, Walt. Common on Marblehead and in some places in Margaretta in thin soil overlying the limestome. , D. verna, L. ; ‘ - “Perkins,’’ Lindsey House. rare. - ww eer): ae se Ls Ae ae J te oS Vee oh - ny RP ede te & Me tt we Ee ar ee. v" ee Ak “4 *& - el) + ae ’ Us 4 92 SANDUSKY FLORA. : “ ERYSIMUM, L. Treacle Mustard. . PARVIFLORUM, Nutt.* One place along L. HE. & W. Ry., west of Castalia | rare. : LEPIDIUM, L Pepperwort. Peppergrass. . APETALUM, Willd. (LL. INTERMEDIUM, Gray.) Sandusky ; infrequent. . campestre, R. Br. Sandusky, Perkins, Margaretta, Peninsula, Kelley’s Island, Put-in-Bay. Common in pla especially on the Peninsula. : . VIRGINICUM, L. Wild Peppergrass. Common. NASTURTIUM, R. Br. Water-Cress. . LACUSTRE, Gray. Lake Cress. Shinrock; rare. . officinale, R. Br. True Water-Cress. Castalia; frequent. . PALUSTRE, DC. Marsh Cress. Common. On the Islands, and generally near | the Lake or Bay, the variety hispidum is more common. . sylvestre, R. Br.* Yellow Cress. Four places in Perkins, three of them near or not far from Pipe Creek. SISYMBRIUM, L. . alliaria, Scop. ‘“Kelley’s Island.’’ Probably adventive. . CANESCENS, Nutt. Tansy Mustard. Cedar Point, Marblehead, Islands; frequent. . officinale, Scop. Hedge Mustard. Common. THLASPI, L. . arvense, L. Field Pennycress. Sandusky; rare and adventive. Praeger tee ey = ee re Ay re oe OE LA Ar hes i ~ MOSELEY. 93 CAPPARIDACE. CLEOIFIE, L. GRAVEOLENS, Raf. (POLANISIA GRAVEOLENS, Raf. ) Common on sandy beaches. Also in gravel along L.E. & W.R.R. RESEDACE-. RESEDA, L. Mignonette. maartea. L,: - Sandusky, Kelley’s Island; rare and adventive. DROSERACE-.. DROSERA, L. Sundew. . ROTUNDIFOLIA, L. Edst of Milan; very rare. CRASSULACE:. PENTHORUII, Gronoy. Ditch Stone-crop. . SEDOIDES, L. Frequent. Islands. SEDUII, L. Stone-crop. Orpine. . acre, L.. Mossy Stone-crop. Kelley’s Island, roadside by the cemetery. Cedar Point near the Light House. Escaped. . telephium, L. Orpine. Live-for-ever. Bogart, Castalia, and Sandhill cemeteries. Put- in-Bay, North Bass, ‘‘ Marblehead”’ U G. Sanger . TERNATUM, Michx. Wild Stone-crop. Frequent at the foot of steep shale banks of streams. Put-in-Bay. Gibraltar. 94. SANDUSKY FLORA. SAXIFRAGAC-E. CHRYSOSPLENIUM, L. Golden Saxifrage. C. AMERICANUM, Schwein. Vermillion River, Florence; two places. HEUCHERA, L. Alum-root. H. AMERICANA, L. Common. MITELLA, L. Bishop’s-Cap. Mitrewort. M. DIPHYLLA, L. Infrequent. PARNASSIA, L. Grass of Parnassus. P. CAROLINIANA, Michx. Castalia; frequent. Perkins, Milan, Florence; Lane. PHILADELPHUS, L. P. coronarius, L. Mock Orange. -Syringa. Sparingly escaped at Sandusky and Berlin Heights. , SAXIFRAGA, L. Saxifrage. S. PENNSYLVANICA, L. Swamp Saxifrage. Milan and Florence; scarce. TIARELLA, L. False Mitrewort. T. CORDIFOLIA, L. East fork, Vermillion River; rare. sy GROSSULARIACE-E, RIBES, L. R. AUREUM, Pursh. Missouri or Buffalo Currant. Well established on south side of Kelley’s Island. Roadside near a house in Margaretta. R. CYNOSBATI. L, Gooseberry. Common. - - ¥ MOSELEY. 95 R. FLoriIpuM, L’Her. Wild Black Currant. Infrequent. Kelley’s Island. RR. LacustRE, Poir. x ‘“Cedar Point.’’ Millie Carter. HAMAMELIDACE-. Hamamelis, L. Witch-Hazel. H. VIRGINIANA, L. Florence, Vermillion, Berlin, Milan; frequent. “Portage River.” PLATANACE. PLATANUS, L. Sycamore. P. OCCIDENTALIs, L. Buttonwood. Frequent. Islands. The largest tree in Erie county is probably the buttonwood six miles south of Sondusky, in the woods, but near the road and a little east of Pipe Creek. ROSACE-.. AGRIIIONIA, L. Agrimony. . EUPATORIA, L. Common. Kelley’s the only Island. . MOLLIs, Torr. & Gray. Perkins and doubtless elsewhere. . PARVIFLORA, Soland. Frequent. In places, abundant. . STRIATA Michx. Margaretta Ridge. Probably elsewhere. FRAGARIA, L. Strawberry. > Pp Pp p> F. vesca, L. _ Peninsula, Kelley’s Island, Put-in-Bay, Cedar Point, Margaretta, Berlin; frequent in rocky places. 96 SANDUSKY FLORA. . VIRGINIANA, Duchesne. Common. Kelley’s, Put-in-Bay and Mange the only Islands. Many specimens answer to de- scription of the ‘“‘ variety ”’ i/linoense. GEUM, L. Avens. . ALBUM, Gmelin. Common. . STRICTUM, Soland. Southern Perkins; rare. ; VERNUM, Torr. & Gray. Johnson’s Island, Marblehead, Berlin, Perkins, etc.; rather frequent. . VIRGINIANUM, L. Frequent. Kelley’s Island? Put-in- Bay. NEILLIA, D. Don. Ninebark. . OPULIFOLIA, Benth. & Hook. Common on rocky shores of Peninsula and Islands. Vermillion River; rare. ) POTENTILLA, L. Cinquefoil. . ANSERINA, L. Silver-weed. Common on sandy shores of Lake aoe Bay, back a few yards from the water. Middle Bass, North Bass, Rattlesnake Island. . ARGUTA, Pursh. Marblehead, Port Clinton, Put-in-Bay, Marga-_ retta Ridge, Krieger’s, Perkins; infrequent. . CANADENSIS, L. Five-finger. Common. Not on the Islands. . FrRuTICOSA, L. Shrubby Cinquefoil. Castalia prairie; common. In blossom as late as October 10th. . NORVEGICA, L. Frequent. In places abundant. Put-in-Bay. . SUPINA, L. Huron and several places about Sandusky Bay. MOSELEY. 97 ROSA, L. Rose. . BLANDA, Ait. Cedar Point, Oxford, Groton, Margaretta; local. . CAROLINA, L.. Common. . HUMILIS, Marsh. Common. Kelley’s and Put-in-Bay the only Islands. . rubiginosa, L. Sweetbrier. Eglantine. Frequent. Islands. . SETIGERA, Michx. Climbing or Prairie Rose. Perkins, Groton, Cedar Point, Johnson’s Island, Peninsula, Mouse Island, Kelley’s Island, Middle Bass; common. Well worth cultivating. RUBUS, L. Bramble. . CANADENSIS, L. Low Blackberry, Dewberry. Common. . Hispipus, L. Running Swamp Blackberry. East of Milan, Berlin, Vermillion, Joseph Smith’s, Perkins; local. . OCCIDENTALIS, L. Black Raspberry. Thimbleberry. Common. . opORATUS, L. Purple-flowering Raspberry. ‘‘Near Vermillion River north of Birmingham’”’ Mrs. W. H. Olds. I have seen this handsome species at Buffalo, Ashtabula, Cleveland and in Lorain County within a few rods of Erie County, but no farther west. . SETOSUS, Bigel.* Bristly Blackberry. Prairie, Oxford and Perkins; common. . STRIGOSUS, Michx. Wild Red Raspberry. Old huckleberry swamp near Axtell; rare. ‘Other places’’? . TRIFLORUS, Richardson. Dwarf Raspberry. German settlement, Perkins, and east fork of Ver- million River; rare. Also in the forest west of Castalia, in Sandusky County. eS ee ee 98 SANDUSKY FLORA. . VILLosus, Ait. High Blackberry. Common. SPIRAEA, L. Meadow-Sweet. . LOBATA, Jacq.* Queen of the Prairie. Southwest of Castalia; local. 5 A beautiful plant. . SALICIFOLIA, L. Common Meadow-sweet. Oxford, Perkins, Milan, Florence; infrequent. . TOMENTOSA, L. Hardhack. Steeple-Bush. Oxford prairie; very rare. POMACE-. AMELANCHIER, Medic. June-berry. . CANADENSIS, Torr & Gray. Shad-bush. Service- berry. Frequent. Islands. . OBLONGIFOLIA, Torr & Gray. Cedar Point, Mouse Island, Kelley’s Island; scarce. CRAT/EGUS, L. Thorn. . CoccINEA, L, Common. Put-in-bay; scarce. North Bass. No other islands. . CRUS-GALLI. L. Cockspur Thorn. Frequent. . oxyacantha, L. English Hawthorn. In a thicket, Vermillion and two places in Huron. Seed probably dropped by birds. Z . PUNCTATA, Jacq. Perkins, Shinrock, Florence. Frequent in Florence. ‘‘ Marblehead’’ Gertrude Johnson. . SUBVILLOSA, T. & G. (C. CoccINEA MOLLIs, T. & G.) Common. Kelley’s the only Island. . TOMENTOSA, L. Infrequent. Kelley’s Island. Middle Bass. we x wi pet MOSELEY. « 99 PYRUS, L. . AMERICANA, DC.* American Mountain-Ash. In thickets, Rattlesnake Island, Put-in-Bay and several places in Erie County. Doubtless from seeds dropped by birds. . ANGUSTIFOLIA, Ait.* ‘‘Margaretta”’ Flossie Nolan. Perkins, scarce. . ARBUTIFOLIA, L. f. Choke-berry. -Tisdell’s, Vermillion; rare. . ARBUTIFOLIA MELANOCARPA, Hook. Milan, Berlin, Vermillion, Marblehead; infrequent . communis, L. Pear. In woods or by roadsides, Perkins, Groton, Catawba, Put-in-Bay; rare. ‘‘ Kelley’s Island.”’ . CORONARIA, L. American Crab-Apple. Frequent. Put-in-Bay. . malus, L.. Apple. Frequent. Islands. DRUPACE. PRUNUS, L. . AMERICANA, Marshall. Wild Yellow or Red Plum. Rather frequent. Kelley’s Island. Put-in-Bay. . avium, L. Sweet Cherry. In several woods where, doubtless, it has started from pits dropped by birds. Kelley’s Island. . CUNEATA, Raf.* Oxford prairie; rare. . persica, Stokes. Peach. Roadsides; infrequent. Islands. 300,000 bnshels of peaches, raised on Catawba, wereshipped from there in 1898, enough to have supplied more than a peck to every family in the western half of the United States. 100 SANDUSKY FLORA. P. SEROTINA, Ehrh. Wild Black Cherry. Common. Timber found in the submerged forest, Huron marsh. Mr. W. H. Todd says that these cherries are more attractive to birds than grapes, and that it pays to plant the trees near vineyards for this reason. Are they not worth planting for the timber? P. vireintana, L. Choke-Cherry. Abundant on Cedar Point and Islands. Much less common elsewhere. CAESALPINACE-A:, CASSIA, L. Senna. B. CHAMACRISTA, L. Partridge Pea. Common on the shale in Oxford, Perkins, and Huron near the ‘‘slate’’ cut. Infrequent along railroads in Sandusky. Catawba. C. MARYLANDICA, L. Wild Senna. Vs Margaretta, Johnson’s Island, Marblehead; in- frequent. ‘‘ Port Clinton.” CERCIS, L. Judas-tree. C. CANADENSIS, L. Red-bud. Pk Peninsula; frequent. Margaretta; infrequent. Milan; scarce. GLEDITSCHIA,.L. Honey-Locust. v G. TRIACANTHOS, L. Three-thorned Acacia. Honey- Locust. Common, especially near Sandusky and in Ottawa county. A tree of great expanse stands on Osborn St. near Hayes Ave. GYMNOCLADUS, Lam. Kentucky Coffee-tree. G. CANADENSIS, Lam. | Distribution peculiar and the tree not generally known. It grows on all of the eight islands on MOSELEY. 101 which I have collected, yet on Put-in-Bay seems limited to onespot near the south point. Marble- head, one standing by the side of the principal street; Catawba; Port Clinton where Dr. Hitch- cock said there were fifty on one acre, Margar- etta, several places; Perkins, Gurley’s; Huron, one by the Sandusky road; Berlin, formerly. on Sterling Hill’s place and elsewhere; Vermillion, near Axtel; Florence, near Terryville. PAPILIONACEA: AMPHICARP/@A, Ell. Hog Pea-nut. . MONOICA, Ell. Common. . PITCHERI, Torr & Gray.* Perkins, Milan, Cedar Point, Catawba, Islands; frequent. APIOS, Boerhaave. Ground-nut. Wild Bean. . TUBEROSA, Moench. Rather frequent. ‘* Tubers edible.”’ ASTRAGALUS, L. Milk-Vetch. . CANADENSIS, L. Shores of the Islands and about Sandusky Bay; frequent. BAPTISIA, Vent. False Indigo. . LEUCANTHA, Torr & Gray. Oxford and southern Perkins; infrequent. . TINCTORIA, R. Br. Wild Indigo. Oxford, Perkins, eastern Milan, Vermillion, Florence; infrequent. DESMODIUM, Desv. Tick-Trefoil. . ACUMINATUM, DC. Common. Not-on the Islands. Some specimens show a reversion of loments to leaves. See sixth annual report, page 32. 102 SANDUSKY FLORA. D. CANADENSE, DC. Frequent. D. CANESCENS, DC. Common. / D. CILIARE, DC. Margaretta Ridge, Berlin Heights, east of Milan and Joseph Smith’s woods, Perkins; infrequent. D. cuspipaTuM, Hooker. . Infrequent. D. DILLENH, Darlingt. Frequent. Put-in-Bay. D. ILLINOENSE, Gray.* Marblehead, Margaretta, southern Perkins; scarce. D. LINEATUM, DC.* Joseph Smith’s woods, Perkins; local. D. MARYLANDICUM, F. Boott. Margaretta Ridge; rare. D. NUDIFLORUM, DC. Frequent. D. PANICULATUM, DC. Frequent. Put-in.Bay. D. RIGIDUM, DC. Infrequent. D. ROTUNDIFOLIUM DC. Rather frequent in sandy woods, occurring in, at least, fourteen places in Erie County and on the Peninsula. D. SESSILIFOLIUM, Torr. and Gray.* Sandy fields on Margaretta Ridge; common. Sandhill cemetery. Also ten miles west of Toledo. LATHYRUS, L. Vetchling. L. MYRTIFOLIvus, Muhl. Huron River near Enterprise. “L.S. & M.S. Ry. Sandusky,’’ Elmer Unchrich. L. OCHROLEUCUS, Hook. Peninsula and Islands. MOSELEY. 103 L. PALUSTRIS, L. Common, L. VENosus, Muhl.* Margaretta Ridge; considerable. LESPEDEZA, [lichx. Bush-Clover. L, CAPITATA, Michx. Common, at least in sandy soil. Not on the Islands. L. NUTTALLH, Darl.* . Margaretta Ridge. L. POLYSTACHYA, Michx. Margaretta Ridge, East of Milan, Berlin Heights, Vermillion, Florence; frequent. PROCUMBENS, Michx. Vermillion; rare. RETICULATA, Pers. _ Margaretta, Huron, Marblehead, Cetiwiia: . STUVEI INTERMEDIA, Watson. Frequent. . VIOLACEA, Pers. Frequent. Dene LUPINUS, L. Lupine. L. PERENNIS, L. Wild Lupine. Margaretta Ridge; Joseph’s Smith’s, Perkins; east of Milan; local. ‘‘Scott’s cemetery” Gertrude Taylor. MEDICAGO, L. Medick. M. Jupulina, L. Black Medick. Nonesuch. Frequent. Islands. M. sativa, L. Lucerne. Alfalfa. Sandusky, Perkins, Marblehead, Put-in-Bay; roadsides, scarce. Can be raised in the dry soil of the Peuinsula and Islands. MELILOTUS, Juss. Melilot. Sweet Clover. M. alba Desv. White Melilot. ‘Abundant. hi ns em ae , 7 at at ey Oe ee ee ‘. .--e ae eS Were Sr. a 4f" mers oyna i. bs tte Be < St a \ wok bn? eet ete ry “5% tes tes yr iy = "oe" >. ewe oe sae van fy Pes ta-37 le aco on we Se ee a ie Se ee, ae ae eg ere x en c \ eaten) we = gis — 108 SANDUSKY FLORA. EUPHORBIA, L. Spurge. E. COMMUTATA, Engelm. . Marblehead, Johnson’s Island, Cedar Point, Willow Point; rare except near the railroad on Marblehead. E. COROLLATA, L. Frequent. E. cyparissias, L. Cypress Spurge. Spreading in and from cemeteries and yards. Islands. | E. DENTATA, Michx.* Islands, Peninsula and mainland near Sandusky Bay; frequent. E. nirsuta, Wiegand.” Common, but not on the Islands. E. MACULATA, L. Abundant. E. MARGINATA, Pursh. Naturalized in flower gardens, frequent; else- where rare. E. peplus, L.* Along fence, Jefferson St., near Fulton St., San- dusky, where it has been for a number of years. E. POLYGONIFOLIA, L. Abundant on sandy shores of Lake Erie. Islands. E. PRESLII, Guss. Common. E. SERPENS, HBK.* Johnson’s Island; rare. A lot in Sandusky, va- cant in 1896, but since used for a building site. CALLITRICHACE®. CALLITRICHE, L. Water-Starwort. C. HETEROPHYLLA, Pursh. Berlin; rare. PO ern * be ft i i ™ “Lan >| 2 r MOSELEY. 109 . VERNA, L. Birmingham and Kimball; rare. LIMNANTHACE-E. FLGERKEA, Willd. False Mermaid. . PROSERPINACOIDES, Willd. Common in alluvial soil. ANACARDIACE-E. RHUS, L. Sumach. . AROMATICA, Ait. Fragrant Sumac. Cedar Point and Marblehead; common. Other parts of the Peninsula, Islands, Margaretta, ~ western Perkins; frequent. . COPALLINA, L. Dwarf Sumac. Oxford and southern Perkins; common. South- east of Milan. . GLABRA, L. Smooth Sumac. Common. . RADICANS, L. (R. TOXICODENDRON,) Poison Ivy. Everywhere except on Green Island. Common. Berries eaten and seeds distributed by birds. . TYPHINA, L. Staghorn Sumac. Islands, Peninsula and Cedar Point; abundant. Lester Carpenter of Kelley’s Island has book- shelves of this wood, and says that one tree was sixteen inches in diameter near the ground, and about fourteen inches, at a height of six feet. Where else does sumac attain such a size? . VENENATA, DC. Poison Sumac. Vermillion; almost exterminated. ‘‘ Formerly in old huckleberry swamp near Axtel”’ A. A. Blair and L. W. Washburn. 110 SANDUSKY FLORA. ha ILICACE. ILEX, lL.) Helly; I. VERTICILLATA, Gray. Winterberry. Black Alder. Rather frequent. Green Island. CELASTRACE:. CELASTRUS, L. Shrubby Bitter sweet. . SCANDENS, L. Wax-work, Climbing Bitter-sweet. Common. EUONYMUS, L. Spindle-tree. . ATROPURPUREUS, Jacq. Burning-Bush. Wahoo. Frequent. Kelley’s Island. . OBOVATUS, Nutt. Running Strawberry Bush. Islands; Sugar Rock, Catawba; Hartshorn’s; frequent. Vermillion River, Florence. | STAPHYLEACE-E. STAPHYLEA, L. Bladder-nut. . TRIFOLIA, L. American Bladder-nut. Frequent. Green Island. ACERACEZ. ae ACER, L. Maple. . DASYCARPUM, Ehrh. White or Silver Maple. Common. Planted for shade. Wood used in Sandusky in making baskets. . RUBRUM, L. Red or Swamp Maple. River banks; infrequent. MOSELEY. i ia a A, SACCHARINUM, Wang. Sugar or Rock Maple. Common in Florence, where there are many sugar bushes. Less common in other parts of the county, on the Peninsula and all the Islands. Wood used by the Sandusky Furniture Company for making bowling alleys, and by the Tool Com- pany for the jaws of hand-screws. A. SACCHARINUM NIGRUM, Torr & Gray. Black Sugar Maple. Frequent. Kelley’s Island. North Bass. “ ™ NEGUNDO, -oench. Ash-leaved Maple. Box Elder. N. ACEROIDES, Moench. Vermillion River, Huron River, Pipe Creek, Shin- reck, Bay Bridge, Port Clinton, Put-in-Bay; scarce except along rivers. HIPPOCASTANACE=. AESCULUS, L. AZ. GLABRA, Willd. Fetid or Ohio Buckeye. ' Frequent along streams and on Johnson’s Island. Marblehead, Kelley’s Island; scarce. Middle Bass, one. ‘‘North Bass,one.’’ ‘‘Buckeye Island, formerly.”’ | BALSAMINACE-. IMPATIENS, L. Balsam. Jewel-weed. I. auREA, Muhl. (I. pALiipa, Nutt.) Pale Touch-me- not. Frequent in rich soil in damp eps: Rattlesnake Island. I. BirLora, Walt. (I. FuLvA, Nutt.) Spotted Touch- me-not. 5 Common, especially on Cedar Point and shores of the Islands. on es a t 4 eS ae es earn ae eee pel Ses) ‘at aS. ete Fo ee > —-\0 r.¢ a ta, ae cond Sy mwa in co 7 —“< , o> ahaha, can ee 7m f l ses + arb. = 7 EE cE ete ee yee sa SS es ae . min os . ~- c< LF be a So ha Pte Mb Pe ge PO ae ON ee, Se ee ae a Lag SANDUSKY FLORA. RHAMNACE-:. CEANOTHUS, L. Red-root. . AMERICANUS, L. New Jersey Tea. Peninsula, Margeretta Ridge, Perkins, Oxford, east of Milan; frequent. . ovaTuS, Desf. Peninsula; frequent. VITACE. VITIS, ‘L... Grape? . BICOLOR, LeConte. Blue or Winter Grape. Infrequent. A vine in Peter Mainzer’s woods, German Settlement, Perkins, is about 80 feet high and measures 28 inches in circumference. . CORDIFOLIA, Michx. Frost or Chicken Grape. Milan, Berlin, Vermillion; rather frequent. John- son’s Island. HEDERACEA, Ehrh. (AMPELOPSIS QUINQUEFOLIA, Michx.) Virginia Creeper. Common. . LABRUSCA, L. Northern Fox Grape. Vermillion, Florence, Berlin, Milan, Oxford. Rather frequent in Florence. . RIPARIA, Michx. Riverside or Sweet scented Grape. -Common. Abundant on Cedar Point. Nearlyall the wild grape vines near Sandusky and on the Islands and Peninsula are of this species. Wild grapes formerly abounded on the Islands. Vine- yards have for many years occupied half or more of the cultivated ground of the Islands,—more than half theentire area of Middle Bass and North Bass. Of late they have been to some extent sup- planted by peach orchards. The yield continues good,—between six and nine million pounds an- | nually for Ottawa county, surpassed the last few years by Lake and Cuyahoga counties,—but the price has been low. MOSELEY. ; 113 TILIACE-. TILIA, L.. Linden. T. AMERICANA, L. Basswood. Common. Wood used in Sandusky for making excelsior and small boxes. Crayon made in San- dusky is used in nearly every school-house in the United States and to some extentin Europe. For the crayon boxes, basswood logs four feet long, steamed and stripped of bark, are revolved in front of a knife that peels off long sheets of the re- quired thickness. The cores of the logs, about six inches thick, are sent to Muncie, Indiana, for mak- ing paper pulp. MALVACE-., ABUTILON, Gaertn. Indian Mallow. A. avicennae, Gaertn. Velvet-Leaf. Common. Cultivated in western China for its fibre: here a garden weed. ALTHAGA. A. rosea, Cav. Hollyhock. Escaped into streets and vacant lots in a hundred places, in Sandusky; also in many other places in Erie county and on the Islands and Peninsula. HIBISCUS, L. Rose-Mallow. H. MOsScHEUTOS, L. Swamp Rose-Mallow. In marshes connected with Sandusky Bay and the Harbors; frequent. Port Clinton. North Bass. A showy plant. 4a Pt fs ae Ae te Tor te Le P . BD Spaeth Vas s ae eee pian Cae - ae 2 Gy ee +a nog ae 114. SANDUSKY FLORA. H. trionum, L. Bladder Ketmia. Flower-of-an-Hour. Venice Mallow. Black-eyed Susan. Frequent. Not yet well known, but occurring throughout Frie county, on the Peninsula and on Kelley’s Island. Plentiful in some places. MALVA, L. Mallow. M. moschata, L. Musk Mallow. Searce. Kelley’s Island. M. rotundifolia, L. Common Mallow. Abundant. M. sylvestris, L. High Mallow. Rare. SIDA, L. S. spinosa, L. Sandusky, Perkins, Peninsula; local. Kelley’s Island; frequent. HYPERICACE. HYPERICUM, L. St John’s-wort. se . ASCYRON, L. Great St. John’s-wort. : Vermillion River, Huron River, Shinrock; infrequent. . CANADENSE, L.* South-east of Milan; rare. . CANADENSE MAJus, Gray.* Perkins, Groton ; infrequent, . GYMNANTHUM, Engelm & Gray.* Prairie, Oxford and Perkins; common. . KALMIANUM, L. Prairie north and west of Castalia; common. Middle Bass; rare. ‘‘ Put-in-Bay.”’ . MACULATUM, Walt. Frequent. Rattlesnake Island. ot et ew se MOSELEY. 115 . MUTILUM, L. Frequent. Common on Oxford prairie. . perforatum, L. Common St. John’s-wort. Frequent. Common in parts of Berlin. Kelley’s Island. Middle Bass. . SAROTHRA, Michx. (H. NUDICAULE Walt.) Orange-grass. Pine-weed. Oxford; common on the shale. Huron, Ver- million; local. . VIRGINICUM, L. (ELODES CAMPANULATA, Pursh.) Marsh St Johns-wort. Infrequent. CISTACE-=. HELIANTHEMUM, Pers. Frost-weed. H. CANADENSE, Michx. Margaretta Ridge and Perkins; rare. H. mayjus, (L) B.S. P. East of Milan; infrequent. Cedar Point and southern Perkins; local. LECHEA, Kalm. Pinweed. . LEGGETTH, Britt & Holl. Leonard’s Hazel Patch, Perkins. . Major. Michx. Wintergreen woods east of Milan, Bloomingville cemetery, Castalia cemetery, Smith’s, Perkins; local. ‘‘Cedar Point’’ Claassen. . MINOR, L. (L. THyMIFOLIA of Gray’s Manual.) Vermillion, southern Perkins and east of Milan; local and scarcer than the last. VIOLACE~. IONIDIUM, Vent. . CONCOLOR, Benth & Hook. Green Violet. Vermillion River, Florence; rare. 4s o =: 2 vy rar aay 7 ae 7 ay ai ws ee Se fa ~ = a 116 SANDUSKY FLORA. VIOLA, L. Violet. V. BLANDA, Willd. Sweet White Violet. : One wet field in Margaretta, since plowed up. “Perkins,” **Berlin:”’ V. BLANDA PALUSTRIFORMIS, Gray.” Damp cool rocks, Vermillion River and tributary ravines; scarce. 3 : VY. CANINA MUHLENBERGH, Gray. Dog Violet. Vermillion River near Birmingham; one specimen. Also Rocky Ridge, Ottawa county. V. cucuLLa’ra, Ait. Common Blue Violet. Abundant. In bloom October 8. V. LANCEOLATA, L. Lance-leaved Violet. | Oxford and Perkins prairie; rather frequent. Vermillion southeast of the village; locally plentiful. | V. ovata, Nutt.* Castalia cemetery ¢: rare. V. PALMATA, L. Sandusky, Catawba; scarce. V. PEDATIFIDA, G. Don.* Marblehead; scarce. Margaretta and Perkins rare. V. PUBESCENS, Ait. Downy Yellow Violet. Common. VY. PUBESCENS SCABRIUSCULA, Torr & Gray... 4 Perkins, Milan. Apparently common: we have confounded it with the species. V. ROSTRATA, Pursh. Long-spurred Violet. : Florence; frequent. Berlin Heights, but not nearer Sandusky. ; V. SAGITTATA, Ait. Arrow-leaved Violet. Prairie, Oxford and Perkins; common. East of Milan. Vermillion. In bloom October 5. V. sTRIATA, Ait. Pale Violet. Common along rivers and, locally, elsewhere. MOSELEY. 117 V.TENELLA, Muhl. (Viola_ tricolor arvensis DC., perhaps.) Field Pansy. Cedar Point, Johnson’s Island, Marblehead, Catawba. Put-in-Bay; in- frequent but apparently indigenous. V. tricolor L., Pansy, persists where it has been cultivated: Three other species grow in Cuyahoga county. See page 30. CACTACEZ. OPUNTIA, [Mill. Prickly Pear. O. RAFINESQUH, Engelm.* | 3 Cedar Point and one field in Margaretta; common. Marblehead; scarce. THYMELAZACE-. DIRCA, L. Leatherwood. Moosewood. D. PALUSTRIS, L. One bush on Beecher’s flats, Vermillion River, southern Florence. ‘‘Formerly plentiful’ there. | ELAZAGNACE-. SHEPHERDIA, Nutt. S. CANADENSIS, Nutt. One spot on east fork Vermillion River; rare, ‘‘Cedar Point,’ W. A. Kellerman. LYTHRACE-., AMMANNIA, L. A. coccinEA, Rottb.* Presque Isle Point, Peninsula; local. 118 SANDUSKY FLORA. LYTHRUII, L. Loosestrife. L. ALATUM, Pursh. Common, especially on wet prairies. Put-in-Bay and Middle Bass the only Islands. NESAEA, Comm, Juss. N. VERTICILLATA, HBK. (DECODON VERTICILLATUS. Ell.) Swamp Loosestrife. Marshes connected with Bay and Lake; common. Islands. ROTALA, L. R. RAMOSIOR, Koehne. Marblehead; rare. The only spot in northern Ohio. MELASTOMACE-=. RHEXIA, L. Deer-Grass. Meadow-Beauty. R, virGinica, L.* preorry. ° Southern Perkins and East of Milan; plentiful in a tew places; regarded rare until 1898. ONAGRACE-. CIRCAEA, L. Enchanter’s Nightshade. C. ALPINA, L. Florence, mostly on old logs; scarce. C. LUTETIANA, L. Common. Put-in-bay the only Island. EPILOBIUM, L. Willow-herb. E. ADENOCAULON, Haussk. Castalia, Vermillion in old quarry, Marblehead, Kelley’s Island, North Bass; infrequent. i Ty es apes ltt i vy MOSELEY. 119 E. ANGUSTIFOLIUM, L. Great Willow-herb. Fuire-weed. Infrequent. E, COLORATUM. Muhl. Frequent. Kelley’s Island. Middle Bass. E. LINEARE, Muhl. Castalia and Peninsula; infrequent. GAURA, L. - G. BIENNIS, L. Rather frequent. LUDWIGIA, L. False Loosestrife. L. ALTERNIFOLIA, L. Seed-box. Common on the shale. Cedar Point. L. pawustris, Ell. Water Purslane. Frequent. ‘L. POLYCARPA, Short & Peter. Oxford, Perkins, Vermillion; infrequent. CENOTHERA, L. Evening Primrose. CE. BIENNIS, L. Common Evening Primrose. Common. CE. FRUTICOSA, L. Sundrops. Kimball; locally plentiful. CE. OAKESIANA, Robbins.* Sandusky and probably Partar Point and else- where about the Lake. Not distinguished from CE. bennis until 1898, probably for the reason that it is not annual, as described. Several years ago August Guenther, at my suggestion, pulled up a large number of Cénotheras on Cedar Point and elsewhere, but failed to find one with an an- nual root. One or the other species is very com- mon on the shores of the Islands. 120 “SANDUSKY FLORA. CH. PUMILA, L. , Oxford, southern Perkins, east of Milan, Vermill- ion; scarce. ‘‘Southern Margaretta,” Elsie Johns. C2. RHOMBIPETALA, Nutt.” Cedar Point. HALORAGIDACE-:. MYRIOPHYLLUM, L. Water-Milfoil. M. spPicaTum, L. Sandusky Bay, East Harbor, Catawba, Put-in- © Bay; common. PROSERPINACA, L. Mermaid-weed. P. PALUSTRIS, L. Perkins, Castalia, Marblehead ; in swamps. ARALIACE-=. ARALIA, L. A. NUDICAULIS, L. Wild Sarsaparilla. Rather frequent. Green Island, Kelley’s Island. A. QUINQUEFOLIA Decsne & Planch. Ginseng. A few years ago frequent; now nearly extermin- ated. The ginseng dug on Put-in-Bay, 1892 and 1893, sold for about $800 at about $3 a pound. . RACEMOSA, L. Spikenard. Frequent on steep banks of streams, and occurs in several other places. p> A. TRIFOLIA, Decsne & Planch. Dwarf Ginseng. Ground-nut. Two places in Florence. MOSELEY. 121 UMBELLIFER~-. ARCHANGELIGA, Hoffm. . ATROPURPUREA, Hoffm. Castalia; frequent. Perkins. . HirsuTA, Torr & Gray. Sandy soil; infrequent. CARUM, L. Caraway. wearvi,-L. Infrequent. Islands. CHEROPHYLLUM, L. . PROCUMBENS, Crantz. Infrequent. Kelley’s Island. CICUTA, L. Water Hemlock. . BULBIFERA, L. Frequent. Islands. . MACULATA, L. Musquash Root. Frequent. Kelley’s Island. CONIUM, L. Poison Hemlock. . maculatum, L. Roadside, Groton; local. CRYPTOTZENIA, DC. Honewort. . CANADENSIS, DC. Frequent. DAUCUS, L. Carrot. ecarota,. Fy. A weed in some placés in the eastern part of Erie county. Infrequent or scarce in Sandusky and elsewhere, but, perhaps, spreading from the east. a. Prat SANDUSKY FLORA. ERIGENIA, Nutt. Harbinger-of-Spring. . BULBOSA, Nutt. Rather frequent near streams. Kelley’s Island. ERYNGIUISI, L. . YUCCAFOLIUM, Michx.* Piore 6) 2S Rattlesnake-Master. Button Snake-root. Southeast of Kimball; plentiful. Roadside west of Union Corners, and roadside at Joseph Smith’s, ~ Perkins; rare. 5 FGENICULUM, Adans, Fennel. . vulgare, Mill. (F. officinale, All. ) Sandusky and Groton; rare. HERACLEUM, L. Cow-Parsnip. . LANATUM, Michx. Perkins, Florence, Port Clinton; infrequent. HYDROCOTYLE, L. Water Pennywort. . AMERICANA, L. Florence; rare. OSMORRHIZA, Raf. Sweet Cicely. . BREVISTYLIS, DC. Common. . LONGISTYLIS, DC. Common. PEUCEDANUM, L. . sativum, Benth & Hook. Parsnip. Common. Kelley’s the only island. . TERNATUM, Nutt. (TIEDEMANNIA rRIGIDA, Coult & Rose.) Cowbane. Infrequent. MOSELEY. £235 PIMPINELLA, L. P. INTEGERRIMA, Benth & Hook. Frequent, especially on rocky hillsides. Kelley’s Island, Put-in-Bay. SANICULA, L. Sanicle. Black Snakeroot. S. CANADENSIS, L. Frequent orcommon. Put-in-Bay group. S. MARYLANDICA, L. ; Frequent orcommon, Kelley’s Island. . The two species of sanicle are so much alike that I have not always attempted to distinguish between them. The U. S. National Museum has a specimen of S. trifoliata from Lorain county, and the same might probably be found in Erie county by diligent searching. SIUM, L. Water Parsnip. S. CICUTZFOLIUM, Schrank. Frequent. Kelley’s Island. THASPIUM, Nutt. Meadow-Parsnip. T. AUREUM, Nutt. Sandusky, Margaretta, Marblehead: infrequent. The so-called variety atropurpureum in Florence. T. AUREUM TRIFOLIATUM. Coult & Rose. Frequent on the Peninsula and in the western part of Eriecounty. Put-in-Bay. T. BARBINODE, Nutt. Margaretta, Peninsula, Islands; frequent. ‘‘Cedar Point.”’ T. BARBINODE, ANGUSTIFOLIUM, Coult & Rose. Cedar Point, Johnson’s Island, Marblehead, Mouse Island; frequent. ZIZIA, Koch. Z. AUREA. Koch. Frequent. Kelley’s Island. SANDUSKY FLORA. CORNACE4. CORNUS, L. Cornel. Dogwood. . ALTERNIFOLIA, L. f. Florence, Catawba ; scarce. . AMOMUM, Mill. (C. SERICEA, L. ) Silky Cornel. Kinnikinnik. Common. . ASPERIFOLIA, Michx. Common, . CANDIDISSIMA, Mill. (C. PANICULATA, L’Her.) Frequent. . cIRCINATA, L’Her. Round-leaved Cornel or Dog- wood. | Frequent, especially on the Peninsula and along the Vermillion River. Kelley’s Island. . FLorIDA, L. Flowering Dogwood. Common. Kelley’s the only Island. . STOLONIFERA, Michx, Red-osier Dogwood. Castalia; rare. Shore of Lake Erie east of Huron. NYSSA, L. Tupelo. . MULTIFLORA, Wang. (N. SyLvaTicA, Marsh. ) Pepperidge. Sour Gum. Rich soil; infrequent. PYROLACE-, CHIMAPHILA, Pursh. Pipsissewa. C, MACULATA, Pursh. Spotted Wintergreen, Furnace woods, Vermillion. C. UMBELLATA, Nutt. Prince’s Pine. . Cedar Point; east of Milan; Vermillion River, Florence, rare. — 4 . 3 ; q “~% a ii ae al MOSELEY. 125 PYROLA, L. Wintergreen. P, ELuipTica, Nutt. Shin-leaf. Florence, Milan, Perkins, Cedar Point, Marble- head ; infrequent. P. ROTUNDIFOLIA, L. Florence, Berlin Heights, Milan, Perkins, Marga- retta Ridge; infrequent. MONOTROPACE~. MONOTROPA, L. Indian Pipe. M. UNIFLORA, L. Corpse-Plant. Infrequent. ERICACE-:. ARCTOSTAPHYLOS, Adans. Bearberry. A, UVA-URSI, Spreng.* Cedar Point; frequent. Vermillion River, Ver- million; rare. EPIG4&@A, L. Ground Laurel. E. REPENS, L. Trailing Arbutus. Berlin Heights; rare. GAULTHERIA, L. Aromatic Wintergreen. G. PROCUMBENS, L. Creeping Wintergreen. One woods east of Milan; frequent. Berlin Heights and Vermillion River; rare. Formerly so plentiful on the banks of the Vermillion River north of Birmingham that they were known locally as the ‘‘ Wintergreen Banks.”’ ot. el aS Ae bo ; 126 SANDUSKY FLORA. VACCINIACE-E:. GAYLUSSACIA, H. B. K. Huckleberry. H. reEsINosA, Torr & Gray. Black Huckleberry. Oxford and east; frequent. OXYCOCCUS, Hill. Cranberry. : O. MACROCARPUS, Pers. Large or American Cranberry. ° Milan; nearly exterminated. ‘‘ Formerly east of Berlin Heights and plentiful near Axtel.” ~ VACCINIUM, L. Blueberry. VY. coRyMBosum, L. High-bush or Swamp Blueberry. | A few bushes on and near Tisdale’s Vermillion, — and in the old swamp near Axtel where years. ago, ‘‘ grew a thousand bushels of berries.’’ See page 31. V. PENNSYLVANICUM, Lam. Dwarf Blueberry. Vermillion River, Vermillion; rare. V. VACILLANS, Solander. Low Blueberry. Fiequent from the Huron River east. This and the Black Huckleberry are the only Ericacee often. met with in Erie county and these not often west of the Huron River. I know of none of this order on the Islands and, excepting the Shin-leaf and ‘Indian Pipe,’’ none on the Peninsula. | PRIMULACE-. ANAGALLIS, L. Pimpernel. A. arvensis, L. Common Pimpernel. ‘“Sandusky.’”’ Victor Hommel. DODECATHEON, L. American Cowslip. D, MEADIA, L.* Shooting-Star. Castalia; rare. Called also Pride-of-Ohio, but probably not one in a thousand of the peoplenow living in Ohio ever saw it growing wild. ‘ MOSELEY. 127 LYSITIACHIA, L. Loosestrife. L. nummularia, L. Moneywort. Frequent in damp places along roads and oc- casional elsewhere. Middle Bass. _L. QUADRIFOLIA, L. Pave Rather frequent. L. stricta, Ait. Infrequent. Bass Islands. L. THYRSIFLORA, L. Tufted Loosestrife. Perkins,» Huron, Cedar ~° Point, Catawba; infrequent. SAMOLUS, L.* Water Pimpernel. Brook-weed. S. VALERANDI AMERICANUS, Gray. Florence, Shinrock, Huron, Mulan, Groton; infrequent. STEIRONEMA, Raf. S. CILIATUM, Raf. Common. S. LONGIFOLIUM, Gray. Sandusky, Oxford, Margaretta, Peninsula, Put-in Bay, Middle Bass, Rattlesnake Island; frequent. OLEACE-. FRAXINUS, L. Ash. F. AMERICANA, L.. White Ash. Common. Wood used by the romana: Tool Company for hoe handles. F. PUBESCENS, Lam. Red Ash. Frequent. Islands. On Kelley’s Island fruit 2%4 inches long and 5-12 inch wide. F. QUADRANGULATA, Michx. Blue Ash. Islands and Peninsula; frequent. Margaretta Ridge. Be Sn RE ee 128 SANDUSKY FLORA. F. SAMBUCIFOLIA, Lam. Black Ash. Infrequent. Islands. F. vrripis, Michx. f. Green Ash. Cedar Point and Vermillion River. LIGUSTRUI, L. L. vulgare, L. Privet. Prim. Cedar Point, Milan, etc; rare. SYRINGA, L. S. vulgaris, L. Lilac. Kelley’s Island; well established. Sandusky. | GENTIANACE~. BARTONIA, [iuhl. B. TENELLA, Muhl. East of Milan; rare. FRASERA, Walt. American Columbo. F. CAROLINENSIS, Walt. Margaretta Ridge, Perkins, Huron, Berlin; scarce. GENTIANA, L. Gentian. G. ANDREWSI, Griseb. Closed Gentian. Frequent along ditches. G. CRINITA, Froel. Fringed Gentian. Castalia, southern Perkins, eastern Milan, Oxford near Huron River; infrequent. ‘‘ Marblehead.” G. DETONSA Rottb. (G. SERRATA, Gunner.) Vermillion River, Florence; one young plant found - on wet shale cliff. G. PUBERULA, Michx.* Southern Perkins; beautiful but very rare. MOSELEY. 129 G. QUINQUEFLORA, Lam. Vermillion River; frequent on the east fork. Mar- garetta Ridge; rare. The variety occidentalis in southern Perkins. SABBATIA, Adans. S. ANGULARIS, Pursh. ‘Florence, 1888.” Josephine Fish. Eastern Milan and Vermillion River, Florence; scarce. APOCYNACE-. APOCYNUII, L. A. ANDROSMIFOLIUM, L. Spreading Dogbane. Frequent. Put-in-Bay. Middle Bass. A. CANNABINUM, L. Indian Hemp. Frequent but on lower ground. Islands. VINCA, L. -V. minor L. Periwinkle, Myrtle. Spreading in and from yards and cemeteries. Kelley’s Island. Middle Bass. ASCLEPIADACE. ACERATES, EIlI.° Green Milkweed. A. LONGIFOLIA, EIl.* Prairie; Oxford, Perkins, Huron; frequent. A. VIRIDIFLORA, Ell. Oxford, Margaretta, Cedar Point, Marblehead, Catawba. Infrequent, except on Marblehead, where the ‘‘ variety’’ Janceolata also occurs. 130 SANDUSKY FLORA. | Rit Fat ASCLEPIAS, L. Milkweed. A. IncaRNATA, L. Swamp Milkweed. abe 2. Common. | . INCARNATA PULCHRA, Pers. he Bar Castalia; rare. A. OBTUSIFOLIA, Michx.* | In sand, Margaretta Ridge, Castalia cemetery, — a southern Perkins; rare. ae A. PHYTOLACCOIDES, Pursh. Poke Milkweed. e In nine places, but scarce. Put-in-Bay. ee a A. PURPURASCENS, L. Purple Milkweed. Perkins, Margaretta, Groton, Marblehead, Catawba; infrequent. 7 7 A. QUADRIFOLIA, Jacq. of RS 5 Huron River and Perkins; rare. ae A. SULLIVANTH, Engelm.* . Oxford and Sandusky; scarce. A. syriaca, L. Common Milkweed or Silkweed. Common. eo A. TUBEROSA, L. Butterfly-weed. Pleurisy-root. Frequent. Put-in-Kay. North Bass. ‘a A. VERTICILLATA, L. Southern Margaretta, Groton, Marblehead, Catawba; scarce. oe CONVOLVULACE-:. CONVOLVULUS, L. Bindweed. C. arvensis, L. Small Bindweed. Sandusky and Islands; local. C. sEPIUM, L.’ (CALYSTEGIA SEPIUM, R. Br.) Hedge Bindweed. oe Common. A rank weed incorn fields in Perkins. ~ On portions of the bay shore of Cedar Point so © thick as to make walking difficult. MOSELEY. 131 C. SEPIUM REPENS, Gray.* | Oxford; frequent? Catawba. ‘‘ Marblehead,”’ U. G. Sanger. IPOMGA, L. Morning Glory. I. PANDURATA, Meyer. (I. FASTIGIATA. Sweet.) Wild Potato-vine. Man-of-the-earth. Frequent. I. purpurea, Roth. Morning-glory. Escaped into roads and waste places; Sandusky, Peninsula, Put-in-Bay, North Bass; infrequent. CUSCUTACE.. CUSCUTA, L. Dodder. C. ARVENSIS, Beyrich.*. Oxford, Florence, Port Clinton; rare. C. CHLOROCARPA, Engelm.* Catawba; frequent. East Harbor, Castalia, Willow Point, Sandusky, Oxford; infrequent. C. DECORA, Engelm.* Marblehead; rare. C. GRoNovH, Willd. Common. .C. INFLEXA, Engelm.* Oxford and Margaretta Ridge; scarce. G. TENUIFLORA, Engelm. Perkins, Oxford, Port Clinton, Put-in-Bay; Infrequent. oie POLEMONIACE2. PHLOX, L. P. DIVARICATA, L. Common. A specimen from Johnson’s Island has narrow, acuminate, corolla lobes. t*yN 132 SANDUSKY FLORA. P. PANICULATA, L. Spreading from gardens to roadsides in several places. P. PiLosa, L. Margaretta Ridge, Oxford, southern Perkins, Huron, Catawba; locally common. | P. suBpuLATA, L. Ground or Moss Pink. } Catawba; frequent. Vermillion or Florence; rare. ‘‘ Berlin” Sterling Hill. POLEMONIUM, L. Greek Valerian. P. REPTANS, L. Near the Huron and Vermillion rivers ; infrequent, ‘‘Hartshorn’s, Peninsula.’’ Pearl Green. HYDROPHYLLACE-:. HYDROPHYLLUM, L. Waterleaf. H. APPENDICULATUM, Michx. | Frequent, especially on the Islands and Peninsula. H. CANADENSE, L. Florence and Vermillion; rare. H. MACROPHYLLUM, Nutt. . One spot on west bank of west fork of Vermillion River; a dozen or more plants growing with a few of the preceding species. Unknown elsewhere so far north. H. VIRGINICUM, L. , Common. Islands, except Kelley’s and Put-in- Bay. PHACELIA, Juss. P. pursHu, Buckley. | Johnson’s Island; common. Milan, Vermillion, - Peninsula, Kelley’s Island; scarce. MOSELEY. 133 BORAGINACE-E. BORAGO, L. . officinalis, L. Borage. Spontaneous near the Soldiers’ Home. CYNOGLOSSUI1, L. . officinale, L.. Hound’s-tongue. Common. ECHINOSPERMUTII, Lehm. Stickseed. . lappula, Lehm. Peninsula, Kelley’s Island, Middle Bass, Perkins, Sandusky; rather frequent. . VIRGINICUM, Lehm. Beggar’s Lice. Frequent. Kelley’s Island. Put-in-Bay. ECHIUM, L. Viper’s Bugloss. . vulgare, L. Blue-weed. Well established in the L. E. & W. freight yard, Sandusky. LITHOSPERMIUN, L. . arvense, L. Corn Gromwell. Abundant One of the worst weeds on Kelley’s Island and elsewhere. . CANESCENS, Lehm. Hoary Puccoon. Peninsula, Margaretta, southern Perkins; infrequent. . HIRTUM, Lehm.* Hairy Puccoon. Cedar Point; common. MERTENSIA, Roth. Lungwort. M, virernica, DC. Virginia Cowslip. Blue-bells. Johnson’s Island, Huron River; frequent. Marblehead, Kelley’s Island, North Bass, Berlin, Vermillion River; infrequent or scarce. 134. SANDUSKY FLORA. MYOSOTIS, L. Scorpion-grass. M. VERNA, Nutt. | Rather frequent. Put-in-Bay. ONOSMODIUM, [lichx. O. CAROLINIANUM, DC. bape ahaa western Perkins, Peninsula, John- son’s Island; infrequent. VERBENACEA, LIPPIA, L. L. LANCEOLATA, Michx. Fog-fruit. | Sandusky, Margaretta, Groton, Johnson’s Island, Peninsula, Put-in-Bay; infrequent. ae VERBENA, L. Vervain. a V. ANGUSTIFOLIA, Michx. | Common in dry calcareous soil. Kelley’s the only island. V. BRACTEATA, Lag & Rodr.* ; aks Near the L. E. & W. freight house; rare. ie V. HASTATA, L. Blue Vervain. Common. © V. URTICAEFOLIA, L. White Vervain. Frequent. Islands. Hybrids between this and the preceding occur. LABIATAE. BLEPHILIA, Raf. B. cILiATA, Raf. Johnson’s Island, Marblehead, Catan Kelley’s Island, Put-in-Bay, Margaretta, western Per-_ kins ; locally plentiful. MOSELEY. ta5 _B. wuirsuTa, Benth. In woods, Erie county and Catawba; infrequent. CALAMINTHA. Lam. | C. CLINOPOoDIUM, Benth. Basil. Islands, Peninsula, Cedar Point; common. _ Smith’s woods, Perkins. ~C. NUTTALLU, Benth. ' Prairies, Castalia and Marblehead ; common. COLLINSONIA, L. Horse Balm. C. CANADENSIS, L. Rich-weed. . Frequent. HEDEOMA, Pers. H. PULEGIOIDES, Pers. American Pennyroyal. ~ Common. i ISANTRUS, [lichx. I. CAERULEUS, Michx. False Pennyroyal. Dry calcareous soil; frequent, especially about quarries. Kelley’s Island. Common on Marble- head. LAMIUM, L. Dead-Nettle. I, amplexicaule, L. Throughout but scarce. Islands. L. pnrpureum, L. ‘Soldiers’ Home.’’ Carl Anderson. LEONURUS, L. -L. cardiaca, L. Motherwort. Common. LOPHANTHUS, Benth. Giant Hyssop. L. NEPETOIDES, Benth. Peninsula; irequent. Kelley’s Island, Cedar Point, Johnson’s Island, Groton, Perkins, Bloom- ingville, Florence; infrequent. { A we * vee 136 SANDUSKY FLORA. ey L. SCROPHULARIAEFOLIUS, Benth. : East of Milan; rare. Also at Oak Harbor, Ottawa county. LYCOPUS, L. Water Hoarhound. L..RUBELLUs, Moench. Infrequent. Islands. L. siInuatTus, Ell. Frequent. Islands. L. VIRGINICUS, L. Bugle-weed. Common. MARRUBIUII, L. Hoarhound. M. vulgare, L. Common Hoarhound. : Islands and Peninsula; common. Margaretta Sandusky, Milan; local. | MELISSA, L. Balm. M. officinalis, L. Common Balm. | Woods, Put-in-Bay and Vermillion; rare. MENTHA, L. Mint. M. CANADENSIS, L. Wild Mint. ‘hi Common. ae: M. piperata, L. Peppermint. : Frequent, especially about Castalia. ‘‘The — continuous inhalation of the oil for several days | will cure catarrh.”’ a M. viridis, L. Spearmint. i Common. Put-in-Bay the only island. “hy “4 Al ‘ M. CLINOPODIA, L. an Milan; rare. 4 M. FistULosa, L. Wild Bergamot. = g Common. The variety mollis seems to be the _ *, more common form. Sn oe a a. ee - - oe et MOSELEY. Lae NEPETA, L. Cat-Mint, . cataria, L. Catnip. Common. | . glechoma, Benth. GroundIvy. Gill. Common. Not noticed on the Islands, except Rattlesnake, where it appeared about 1892, and _ Put-in-Bay. Along rivers it has become super- abundant. “PHYSOSTEGIA, Benth. False Dragon-head. . VIRGINIANA, Benth. Marblehead, Put-in-Bay, Middle Bass, Groton, eastern Sandusky; scarce. PRUNELLA, L. Self-heal. . VULGARIS, L. Heal-all. Common. PYCNANTHEMUM, Michx. Mountain Mint. . LANCEOLATUM, Pursh. Castalia; common. Oxford, Milan, Peninsula; frequent. Put-in-Bay. . LINIFOLIUM, Pursh. Oxford prairie and Vermillion River flats; rare. . MUTICUM PILOSUM, Gray. East of Port Clinton; rare. SATUREIA, L. Savory. . hortensis, L. Summer Savory. ~ Well established in and near the village of Marblehead. SCUTELLARIA, L. Skullcap. . GALERICULATA, L. Common. Put-in-Bay and Middle Bass the only islands. . SANDUSKY FLORA. 138 S. LATERIFLORA, L. Mad-dog Skullcap Common. S. NERVOSA, Pursh. Vermillion, woods east of the river and Florence along west fork; rare. S. PARVULA, Michx. Mostly in calcareous soil, Margaretta, Peninsula, Kelley’s Island; frequent. S. VERSICOLOR, Nutt. Marblehead; frequent. Cedar Point, Johnson’s Island, Put-in-Bay, Catawba, Margaretta, Per- kins; infrequent. STACHYS, L. Hedge-Nettle. S. ASPERA, Michx. . Sandusky, Cedar Point, Peninsula; common. Middle Bass, North Bass. S. TENUIFOLIA, Willd. (S. ASPERA GLABRA, Gray.) - Old Woman Creek, Berlin Heights; rare. TEUCRIUM, L. Germander. T. CANADENSE, L. Wood Sage. Common especially on the shores of the Islands SOLANACEA, DATURA, L. Jamestown or Jimson-weed. D. stramonium, L. Margaretta; frequent; elsewhere scarce. D. tatula, L. Kelley’s Island. Frequent. LYCIUI, L. Matrimony Vine. L. vulgare, Dunal. Escaped from gardens in some places. Kelley’s” Island. - 7 ODE ea MOSELEY. 139 att Le oe. TON ot Be ee r -f LYCOPERSICU/MI, Hill. wv ot i a L. esculentum, Mill. Tomato. . _ Sandusky; well established near the Bay. Kel- Beet,’ _ ley’s Island. Put-in-Bay. a nm NICANDRA, Adans. Apple of Peru. N. physaloides, Gaertn. Perkins; scarce. eee PHYSALIS, L. Ground Cherry. - HETEROPHYLLA, Nees. ( P. VIRGINIANA, Gray. ) Common. . HETEROPHYLLA AMBIGUA, Gray. Marblehead. “HETEROPHYLLA NYCTAGINEA, Dunal. Huron, Milan, Perkins, Danbury. . LANCEQLATA, Michx. TS Sandusky, Perkins, Port Clinton, Kelley’s Island, eres s 2 _ “Marblehead.” . PHILADELPHICA, Lam. Perkins, Groton. . PRUINOSA, L. Kelley’s Island. ‘ Seg ae a ce SOLANUM, L. Nightshade. . CAROLINENSE, L. Horse-Nettle. Several places near railroads; scarce. . duleamara, L.. Bittersweet. Frequent, especially on the Peninsula and Islands. Abundant in Lake woods east of Port Clin- ton. Appearing to be indigenous. . NIGRUM, L. Common Nightshade. Common. . ROSTRATUM, Dunal. pit Hilehead, about the quarry, eliece the dry soil seems adapted to this western weed, but we hope Mr. Harsh has succeeded in exterminating it. Put-in-Bay and ‘‘west of Sandusky,’’ 1895. 140 SANDUSKY FLORA. SCROPHULARIACE-. CASTILLEJA, L. Painted-Cup. C. COCCINEA, Spreng. Scarlet Painted-Cup. Hartshorn’s, Peninsula and Catawba; rare. CHELONE, L, Turtle-head. C. GLABRA, L. Snake-head. Throughout Erie county; infrequent. CONOBEA, Aublet. C. MULTIFIDA, Benth.* Prairies, Castalia, Marblehead, Kelley’s Island; scarce, GERARDIA, L. G. AURICULATA. Michx.* Marblehead; rare. G. FLAVA, L. Downy False Foxglove. . ‘‘Huron River?” Henry Schoepfle. G. PURPUREA, L. Purple Gerardia. Castalia, where it ‘adorns the grounds of the Trout Club, Oxford, southern Perkins, Perrin’s, Milan, Cedar Point, Peninsula; infrequent. G. PURPUREA PAUPERCULA, Gray.” Oxford and southern Perkins; rare. QUERCIFOLIA, Pursh. Smooth False Foxglove. Infrequent. G. TENUIFOLIA, Vahl. Slender Gerardia. Frequent. Kelley’s Island. O GRATIOLA, L. Hedge-Hyssop. G. SPHAEROCARPA, Ell.* DeLamater’s, Kimball; rare. G. VIRGINIANA, L, Rather frequent. we MOSELEY. 141 a: rs 3 oS, ILYSANTHES, Rai. Ks af RIPARIA, Raf. False Pimpernel. a ae Sandusky. Huron River, Peninsula; pitrconedt aay ; Oe LINARIA, Juss. Toad Flax. : 5 L. vulgaris, Mill. Butter and Eggs. ‘a Common. Bef >. Me MITIULUS, L. Monkey-flower. ' M. ararus, Solander. oe Frequent in the eastern part of Erie county. og Milan and Perkins; infrequent. _ M. rinceEns, L. ‘ Frequent. Bass Islands. & PEDICULARIS, L. Lousewort. x P. CANADENSIS, L. Wood Betony. # Infrequent. Kelley’s Island. Put-in-Bay. ; P. LANCEOLATA, Michx. Milan, Margaretta, Perkins; infrequent. PENTSTEMON, Mitchell. Beard-tongue. BrP. ‘PUBESCENS, Solander. Frequent, especially on the Islands and Peninsula. i; ! SCROPHULARIA, L. Figwort. _ §. NODOSA MARYLANDICA. Gray. Frequent. Islands, ‘aa SEYMERIA, Pursh. 'S. MACROPHYLLA, Nutt. Mullein-Foxglove. Cedar Point, Port Clinton, Vermillion. River; scarce. VERBASCUM, L. Mullein. _Y. blattaria, L. Moth Mullein. Frequent. Kelley’s Island. Middle Bass. 14.2 SANDUSKY FLORA. V. thapsus, L. Common Mullein. Common. VERONICA, L. Speedwell. V. ANAGALLIS, L. Water Speedwell. Margaretta, Huron, Berlin, Kelley’s Island; infrequent. V. arvensis, L. Corn Speedwell. Common. V. hederefolia, L.* Iwvy-leaved Speedwell. “Yard on east Market St., Sandusky.” Ione Pratt. V, OFFICINALIS, L. Common Speedwell. Margaretta Ridge and east of Port Clinton; rare. ‘‘Florence.’’ Josephine Fish. V. PEREGRINA, L. Neckweed. Purslane Speedwell. Frequent. Put-in-Bay, North Bass, Rattlesnake Island. V. SCUTELLATA, L. Marsh Speedwell. Infrequent. V. SERPYLLIFOLIA, L. Thyme-leaved Speedwell. Frequent. Put-in-Bay. V. vireinica, L. Culver’s-root. Culver’s Physic. Infrequent. LENTIBULARIACEA=, UTRICULARIA, L. Bladderwort. U. GIBBA, L.* Cedar Point; local. U. vuLcaRis, L. Greater Bladderwort. Sandusky Bay and East Harbor; frequent. Cas- talia; infrequent. % an . MOSELEY. 143 ee OROBANCHACE4E. ae ; Bote | APHYLLON, [iitchell. A. UNIFLoRUM, Gray. One-flowered Cancer-root. aes Sandusky, three places; ‘“‘Bogart’’ James D. ea Parker, Jr.; Florence; ‘‘ Catawba” Earl Covell: i scarce. CONOPHOLIS, Wallroth. Squaw-root. Cancer-root. C. AMERICANA, Wallroth. Local. Put-in-Bay, northwest woods; plentiful. Perkins, big woods. Florence; two places. EPIFAGUS, Nutt. Beech-drops. Cancer-root. _ E. AMERICANUS, Nutt. (EPIPHEGUS VIRGINIANA, Bart). Florence, Vermillion, Berlin; frequent. ee BIGNONIACE4E: ; ye TECOMA, Juss. Trumpet-flower. : T. RADICANS, Juss. Trumpet Creeper. a Frequent in woods and probably indigenous. og ‘Abundant on Cedar Point. Islands. : ACANTHACE. 4 DIANTHERA, Gronoy. Water-Willow. « D. AMERICANA, L. fer Marblehead, Put-in-Bay, Middle Bass; rare. . Mills Creek; plentiful’? Hommel. BS PHRYMACE-. a _PHRYMA, L. Lopseed. a PP. LeEpTrosTacHya, L. a Frequent. Kelley’s Island. Put-in-Bay. 144 SANDUSKY FLORA. PLANTAGINACE£E. PLANTAGO, L. Plantain. P. ARISTATA, Michx. | Sandy field on Margaretta Ridge and near L. E. & W. freight house, Sandusky; rare. P. corDATA, Lam. Huron and Florence; rare. P. lanceolata, L. Ribgrass. Ribwort. Plantain. Frequent but not common in most Island, Put-in-Bay. P. major, L. Common Plantain. Common. P. RUGELII, Decaisne. More common than the preceding. P. virGrinica, L. par ts. Sandy field on Margaretta Ridge, rare. RUBIACE-:. CEPHALANTHUS, L. Button-bush. C. OCCIDENTALIS, L. Common. GALIUM, L. Bedstraw. Cleavers. G. APARINE, L. Cleavers. Goose-Grass. Abundant. G. ASPRELLUM, Michx. Rough Bedstraw. Infrequent. Islands. G. BOREALE, L. Northern Bedstraw. Kelly’s Perkins, Margaretta, Marblehead, Catawba, Kelley’s Island; scarce. G. cCIRCAZANS, Michx. Wild Liquorice. Rather common. Put-in-Bay, Rattlesnake Island. Middle English i) Bass, * % 4 - (3 4 MOSELEY. 145 _G. concinnum, Torr & Gray. Common. Not on the Islands. G. LANCEOLATUM, Torr. Wild Liquorice. Florence, Vermillion, Berlin Heights; rare. G. PILosum, Ait. Frequent. One specimen shows a reversion of _ flowers to leaves. G. TRIFIDUM, L. Small Bedstraw. Frequent. Put-in-Bay. Middle Bass. The variety pusillum occurs at Castalia and ‘‘ Cedar Point.” G. TRIFIDUM LATIFOLIUM, Torr. Infrequent. G. TRIFLORUM, Michx. Sweet-scented Bedstraw. Frequent. Rattlesnake Island. HOUSTONIA, L. H. ca@rutea, L. Bluets. Innocence. Not found near Sandusky but in many places from southern Perkins south and east. East of Milan I have seen several million blossoms on three or four acres of ground, appearing at a distance as if a light snow had fallen, not com- pletely covering the grass. FES CHAIOUATA,: Corr: Marblehead; common. Margaretta. Soldier’s Home. H. LONGIFOLIA, Gaertn. Rocky shores of Rattlesnake Island and Put-in- Bay; frequent. Marblehead. MITCHELLA, L. Partridge-berry. ~M. REPENS, L. \ Banks of Vermillion River and _ tributaries; eommon. Old Woman Creek at Berlin Heights; frequent. Milan, Perkins, Groton; scarce. 146 SANDUSKY FLORA. CAPRIFOLIACE:. LONICERA, L. Honeysuckle. L. GLauca, Hill. Margaretta Ridge; rare. L. GLAUCESCENS, Rydb. Infrequent. Islands. L. SEMPERVIRENS, L. Trumpet or Coral Honeysuckle. Woods near Huron, where the seed was doubtless dropped by birds; rare. SAMBUCUS. L. Elder. S. CANADENSIS, L. Common Elder. Common. S. RACEMOSA, L. Red-berried Elder. Eastern Sandusky; east of Milan; Vermillion River, Florence; scarce. SYMPHORICARPOS, Juss. Snowberry. S. ORBICULATUS, Moench. (S. VuLGARIS, Michx.) Indian Currant. Coral-berry. Sandusky and Milan; escaped. / S. RACEMOosus, Michx. Snowberry. Marblehead; common. Elsewhere scarce. S. RACEMOSUS PAUCIFLORUS, Robbins. Cedar Point; common- TRIOSTEUII, L. Horse-Gentian. T. PERFOLIATUM, L. Fever-wort. Frequent. VIBURNUM, L. Arrow-wood. V. ACERIFOLIUM, L. Dockmackie. _ Frequent from the Huron River east. Put-in- Bay. V. DENTATUM, L. Florence and eastern Berlin; infrequent. V. Vv. V. D. MOSELEY. . LENTAGO, L. Sweet Viburnum. Sheep-berry. Infrequent. Kelley’s Island, Middle Bass. . OPULUS, L. Cranberry-tree. ‘*Groton”’ and big woods, Perkins; rare. . PUBESCENS, Pursh. 147 Marblehead, Catawba, Kelley’s Island, Put-in- Bay; frequent. VALERIANACE. VALERIANA, L. Valerian. . PAUCIFLORA, Michx. Lake woods east of Port Clinton, FI! Milan; rare. orence, VALERIANELLA, Poll. Corn-Salad. Lamb-Lettuce. olitoria, Poll. Shinrock ; rare. RADIATA, Dufr. Perkins, Milan, Shinrock; scarce. WOODSIANA, Walp.* Woodbury’s woods, Berlin; local. DIPSACACE/-=. DIPSACUS, L. Teasel. sylvestris, Mill. Common. Kelley’s the only island. CUCURBITACE. ECHINOCYSTIS, Torr & Gray. Wild Balsam-appl E. Lopata, Torr & Gray. Lake woods east of Port Clinton; ant. Elsewhere infrequent. €. abund- 148 SANDUSKY FLORA. SICYOS, L. S. ANGULATUS, L. One-seeded Bur-Cucumber. Green Island; common. Rattlesnake Island, Put- in-Bay, Catawba, Port Clinton, Cedar Point, Sandusky; infrequent. CAMIPANULACEAE, CAMPANULA, L. Bellflower. C. AMERICANA, L. Tall Bellflower. a Common. . C. APARINOIDES, Pursh. Marsh Bellflower. Cedar Point, Venice, Peninsula; locally common. C. ROTUNDIFOLIA. Harebell. Common on rocky shores but apparently absent 5 from Kelley’s Island. LOBELIA, L. oF L. CARDINALIS, L. Cardinal-flower. a Infrequent. Islands. L. INFLATA, L. Indian Tobacco. Rather frequent. Put-in-Bay. L. KALMO, L. Common on rocky shores. Florence; rare. L. spicaTA, Lam. Common on the prairies, L. sypHinitica, L. Great Lobelia. Common. Kelley’s, Middle Bass and North Bass the only islands. SPECULARIA, Heister. Venus’s Looking-gtass. S. PERFOLIATA, A. DC. Infrequent. Kelley’s Island, Put-in-Bay. MOSELEY. 149 CICHORIACE:. CICHORIUM, L. Chicory. Succory. C. intybus, L. Roadsides in a number of places; local. Common at Port Clinton and Catawba. Kelley’s Island, Middle Bass. HIERACIUM, L. Hawkweed. H. CANADENSE, Michx.* Huron, Milan, Oxford, Marblehead, Catawba; infrequent. H. Gronovu, L. Hairy Hawkweed. _ Infrequent. The “variety” swbnudum in the Bloomingville cemetery. H. PANICULATUM, L. . Vermillion River and Berlin Heights; infrequent. H. scaBruMm, Michx. Frequent. KRIGIA, Schreb. Dwarf Dandelion. _ K. AMPLEXICAULIs, Nutt. Frequent in Milan Township. Elsewhere in- frequent. Kelley’s Island. LACTUCA, L. Lettuce. L. ACUMINATA, Spreng. Perkin’s, Margaretta, Port Clinton; infrequent. _ LL. avpina, Benth & Hook, (L. LEucopHa, Gray.) _ Frequent. Kelley’s Island, Put-in-Bay. iL. CANADENSIS, L. Wild Lettuce. Common. L. FLORIDANA, Gaertn. Margaretta Ridge, Cedar Point, Peninsula, Put- - in-Bay, Green Island; frequent. _L. seariola, L. Prickly Lettuce. Abundant. One of the worst weeds. 150 SANDUSKY FLORA. PRENANTHES, L. Rattlesnake-root. . ALBA, L. White-lettuce. Common. . ALTISSIMA, L. Infrequent. Put-in-Bay. . ASPERA, Michx.* Prairie east of Kimball; rare. . CREPIDINEA, Michx. Near Pipe Creek in German Settlement woods; ~~ rare. Z . RACEMOSA, Michx. Prairies. West of Castalia; frequent. Oxford, ' Groton, ‘‘Perkins,” ‘‘Gypsum”’; infrequent or scarce. SONCHUS, L. Sow-Thistle. . asper, Vill. Spiny-leaved Sow-thistle. Infrequent. Islands. . oleraceus, L. Common Sow- Thistle. Frequent. Islands. TARAXICUISI, L. Dandelion. . officinale, Weber. Common Dandelion. Abundant. ‘‘In blossom when the boys were skating ’’ Freyensee. TRAGOPOGON, Goats-beard. . porrifolius, L. Salsify. Oyster-plant. Roadsides; infrequent. Islands. ki . pratensis, L. Goats-beard. Sandusky, in vacant lots near Central Aveo and elsewhere; spreading. COMPOSITAE. ACHILLEA, L. Yarrow. . MILLEFOLIUM, L. Common Yarrow or Milfoil. Abundant. - MOSELEY. Let ACTINELLA, Nutt. A. ACAULIS GLABRA, Gray.” Marblehead prairie; infrequent but occurring at places widely separated and, apparently, indigenous. ACTINOMERIS, Nutt. A. SQUARROSA, Nutt. Frequent on flood grounds of streams. AMBROSIA, L. Ragweed. A. ARTEMISLZFOLIA, L. Ragweed. Roman Worm- wood. Abundant. After Setaria glauca probably the worst weed. A. TRIFIDA, L. Great Ragweed. Common. The so-called variety integrifolia is infrequent. ANTENNARIA, Gaertn. Everlasting. A. PLANTAGINEA, R. Br. Plantain-leaved Everlasting. Common. Kelley’s and Put-in-Bay the only islands. A specimen collected on Marblehead by Ralph H. McKelvey is what Greene would call A. neglecta and one in Perkins by Will Sprow A. neodioica. ANTHEMIS, L. Chamomile. A. cotula, L. May-weed. Common. . ARCTIUM, L. Burdock. A. lappa majus, Gray. “Bogart”’ H. D. Banks. 152 SANDUSKY FLORA. A. lappa minus, Gray. | ‘ae Common. ARTEMISIA, L. Wormwood. A. annua, L. Sandusky, well established near the Big Four docks. A. BIENNIS, Willd. Sandusky, Castalia, Johnson’s Island, Marble- head, Middle Bass, North Bass; frequent only near railroads or docks. : A. caupDATA, Michx.* : Cedar Point and Marblehead sand spit ; common. — A. LUDOVICIANA, Nutt.* Western Mugwort. | Established in one spot on embankment of L. S. & M.S. Ry., eastern Sandusky. » A. vulgaris, L. Common Mugwort. Escaped in cemeteries and from gardens to roads; scarce. . > ASTER, L. A. AZUREUS, Lindl. Sandy soil from Margaretta Ridge to Berlinville; infrequent. Catawba. A. CORDIFOLIUS, L. Frequent. A. CORYMBOsUs, Ait. Florence and Milan; scarce. A. DIFFUuSUS, Ait. Frequent and variable. A. pumosus, L.* “ Sandy soil, Milan, southern Perkins; infrequent. Oxford; frequent? Flowers white. A. ERICOIDES, L. Common on rocky shores. ; he A. ERICOIDES PLATYPHYLLUs, Torr & Gray.* . “ Castalia; rare. os, MOSELEY. £53 . JUNCEUS, Ait.* . Castalia and east of Milan; scarce. . LAEVIS, L. Milan, Huron, Oxford, Margaretta, Florence, Catawha; rather frequent. . MACROPHYLLUS, L. Frequent but not observed near Sandusky. Put- in-Bay. . MULTIFLORUS, Ait. Dry soil in the limestone region; frequent. Put- in-Bay. . NOVA:-ANGLL2, L. Along roads near Sandusky and south next to the most common Aster. Not sc common in the eastern part of the county and on the Peninsula. Kelley’s Island, Put-in-Bay ; scarce. . PANICULATUS, Lam. Our most common Aster. . POLYPHYLLUS, Willd. Marblehead, Put-in-Bay, Gibraltar, and probably other islands. . PRENANTHOIDES, Muhl. Perkins, Bloomingville, Milan, Berlin, Florence; infrequent. . PTARMICOIDES, Torr & Gray.* -Marblehead; local. . PUNICEUS, L. Castalia, Bloomingville, Milan, Florence; in- frequent. . PUNICEUS LUCIDULUS, Gray.” : Castalia, along the mill race. . SAGITTIFOLIUS, Willd. Common. . SALICIFOLIUS, Ait. Oxford, Milan, Groton, Margaretta, Sandusky, Catawba; infrequent. Many specimens of A. paniculatus approach this species. ia 154 SANDUSKY FLORA. oe A. SHORTI, Hook. Peninsula and Islands; common. Huron and Vermillion Rivers; frequent. A. TRADESCANTI, L. Frequent, at least in Perkins and Oxford. Kel- ley’s Island. A. UMBELLATUS, Mill. Infrequent. A. VIMINEUS, Lam.* Perkins and probably elsewhere. BIDENS, L. Bur-Marigold. es iy: B. BECKH, Torr.* Water Marigold. } RA: Black Channel, Biemiller’s Cove, East Harbor ; scarce. B. BIPINNATA, L. Spanish Needles. Sandusky, Cedar Point, Catawba, North Bass; rare. B. CERNUA, L. Smaller Bur-Marigold. Perkins and Margaretta; scarce. B. CHRYSANTHEMOIDES, Michx. Larger Bur-Marigold. Frequeut. Islands. } Pi B. connaTa, Muhl. Swamp Beggar-ticks. Common. One specimen seven feet tall. Some — specimens have the awns upwardly barbed. B. CONNATA COMOSA, Gray. ‘ihe Frequent. ae Ft B. FRONDOSA, L. Common Beggar-ticks. Stick- tight | Common. A troublesome weed. BOLTONIA, L’Her. i B. ASTEROIDES, L’ Her. wee Sheltered beaches of Lake Erie and annducee Bay 3A se especially Johnson’s Island and the beach stretch- ing from Port Clinton towards Catawba. Not. on rocks nor pure sand. Put-in-Bay the only — island in the lake. | MOSELEY La CALENDULA, L. Marigold. C. officinalis, L. Garden Marigold. Sandusky and Put-in-Bay; spreading and escap- . ing, but seldom far from gardens. Hardly naturalized. Get rd CENTAUREA, L. <2 oe: C. cyanus, L. Blue-bottle. Corn-flower. Kelley’s Island and elsewhere; sparingly escaped. 3 CHRYSANTHEMUM, L. _C. balsamita, L. Costmary. ee 7 Escaped from gardens in several places. — . leucanthemum, L. Ox-eye or White Daisy. White- seas weed, ee Common in several places but not generally dis- tributed. Put-in-Bay. es C. parthenium, Bernh. Feverfew. ok Escaped to waste places in Sandusky and well es- - -~—~—s tablished in woods on Put-in-Bay. | CNICUS, L. bi _C. ALTISSIMUs, Willd. Infrequent. Kelley’s Island. C. arvensis, Hoffm. Canada Thistle. ) Frequent, especially near the Lake and Bay. Islands. C. piscoLor, Muhl. Frequent. C. lanceolatus, Willd. Common Thistle. Common. C. muticus, Ell. Swamp Thistle. Infrequent. COREOPSIS, L. Tickseed. _C. aristosa, Michx. Castalia and Venice marshes; common. Cedar Point, Catawba, Vermillion; frequent. \ 156 SANDUSKY FLORA. 4 G ah is le Ss BP ee . TRIPTERIS, L. Tall Coreopsis. . sTRIGOSUS, Muhl. Daisy Fleabane. DISCOIDEA, Torr & Gray. eeagr 8 Sandusky, Cedar Point, Oxford; locally plentlful. | TRICHOSPERMA. Michx. Tickseed Sunflower. Infrequent. A aa TRICHOSPERMA TENUILOBA, Gray. Frequent, especially on wet prairies. Kelley’s Island. Hundreds of acres of marsh near Bay — Bridge glow in autumn with the yellow blossoms, a sight worth going far to see. Frequent from Milan and Cedar Point west. — Peninsula. ECLIPTA, L. . ERECTA, L. (E. ALBA Hassk. ) Sandusky, East Harbor, Lockwood’s; scarce. ERECHTITES, Raf. Fireweed. . PRAHALTA, Raf. (E. HIERACIFOLIA, Rat.) Common. ERIGERON, L. Fleabane. . ANNUUS, Pers. Daisy Fleabane. Sweet Scabious. Common. . BELLIDIFOLIUS, Muhl. Robin’s Plantain. Milan, Perkins, Margaretta Ridge; infrequent: . CANADENSIS, L, Horse-weed. Butter-weed. Common. . PHILADELPHICus, L. Common Fleabane. Common. Frequent or common. Islands. Abundant on Marblehead. EUPATORIUM, L. Thoroughwort. . AGERATOIDES, L. White Snakeroot. Common. Rattlesnake the only island. This plant H. H. Lockwood says is the ‘‘Tremble- weed’? and the cause of milk sickness. ak e y MOSELEY. 5a. , E, avvissmmum, L. 1 SAA Northwestern Margaretta; infrequent. John- apts son’s, Marblehead; rare. me _E. PERFOLIATUM, L. Thoroughwort. Boneset. Kerk: Common. | -F. PURPUREUM, L. Joe-Pye Weed. Trumpet-Weed. Common. Not on the Islands. _. E. sEssitiFoLium, L. Upland Boneset. ag Milan, Huron, Catawba; rare. ihe GNAPHALIUM, L. Cudweed. - G. DECURRENS, Ives. Everlasting. Catawba and Florence; very rare. G. OBTUSIFOLIUM, L. (G. POLYCEPHALUM, Michx.) Common Everlasting. nS Common. 3 G. purpuREuM, L. Purplish Cudweed. oo. Infrequent. ___-G. uLicrnosum, L. Low Cudweed. ¥ | Infrequent. {oes | - HELENIUM, L. Sneeze-weed. Bs H. AUTUMNALE, L. aa Common at Sandusky and vicinity. Florence. “ie _ Catawba. ee ers HELIANTHUS, L. Sunflower. H. aNNuuws, L. E Bens: Frequently escaped. ‘‘Cedar Point, far from any % house”? Ralph H. McKelvey. | . DECAPETALUS, L. , Frequent. . DIVARICATUS, L. Frequent, especially on Marblehead and_ the Islands. ee : « 158 - - SANDUSKY FLORA. GIGANTEUS, L. _ v Fae Sandusky to Milan and west; common. called variety, ambiguus, occurs in Perkins Oxford, and near Port Clinton. GROSSE-SERRATUS, Martens. _ ACh Oxford, Groton, Margaretta; bednecn HIRSUTUS, Raf. oY ae Cedar Point, Peninsula, Oxford, Magra, Groton; rather common. eke MOLLIS, Lam.* Oy eee Prairie, Oxford aad Huron; enough to supply éa botanists of the world. OCCIDENTALIS, Riddell. Castalia cemetery and Kimball; scarce. PARVIFLORUs, Bernh. Mark he \ ‘ Frequent. ‘ ee : STRUMOSUS MOLLIs, Torr & Gray.* | eee Oxford, Groton, Castalia, Cedar Point, ‘Port Clinton; infrequent. Apparently all our speci. mens of H. strumosus are of this variety. es TRACHELIFOLIUS, Willd. 2 Florence, Port Clinton; scarce? > Mee TUBEROSUS, L. Jerusalem Artichoke. Saas Frequent. Kelley’s Island. Put-in-Bay. — BS HELIOPSIS, Pers. Ox-eye. LAVIS, Pers. Common. ; SCABRA, Dunal. | ; ice e 43 Rather frequent. stone eee Ties : INULA, L. Elecampane. helenium, L. Infrequent. Florence; fieaiann MOSELEY. 159 KUHNIA, L. K. EUPATORIOIDES, L. Dry soil near Castalia; locally common. San- dusky and Perkins; scarce. LEPACHYS, Raf. _L. prnnatiripa, Raf. evs Common on prairies. LIATRIS, Schreb. Button Snakeroot. __L, scartosa, Willd. Catawba, Cedar Point, Margaretta Ridge, south- ern Perkins, Kimball; plentiful in some places. L. spicata, Willd. eta’ Castalia prairie; abundant and showy. Marble- ——shead, Cedar Point, Oxford, southern Perkins, Groton, east of Milan; frequent on undisturbed | damp ground. _ L,. SQUARROSA INTERMEDIA, DC.* Blazing-Star. Byes .Castalia and Sandhill cemeteries. me: POLYMNIA, L. Leaf-Cup. P. CANADENSIS, L. eae Cedar Point, Peninsula, Islands; infrequent. RUDBECKIA, L. Cone-flower. wor OR. BIRTA, L. ae ~ Common. Not on the Islands. " R. caciniaTa, L. Se Frequent. R. reicosa, L. ‘Port Clinton’’ Wm. Krebs. SENECIO, L. Groundsel. 8. ATRIPLICIFOLIUS, Hook. (CACALIA ATRIPLICIFOLIA, L.) Pale Indian Plantain. Vermillion River, Florence; frequent. Elsewhere infrequent. 160 SANDUSKY FLORA. “oe eh S. AUREUS OBOVATUS, Torr & Gray. Sauaw-weed ? < o. S. AUREUS, a Golden Ragwort. — ma . Frequent. % | Bett of su Paty “ Common. Kelley’s the only island, S. AUREUS BALSAMITA, Torr © ee : quent. | Put-in-Bay. SILPHIUM, L. Rosin-weed. s- S. PERFOLIATUM, L. Cup-Plant. on Sana Huron and Vermillion rivers ; infrequent. ( | talia ; local. arp. - S. TEREBINTHENACEUM, Jacq, Prairie Dock. Common on the prairies. Fie S. TRIFOLIATUM, L. eet Frequent. SOLIDAGO, L. Bolden rod! S. BICOLOR, L. _ Frequent. S. BICOLOR CONCOLOR, Torr & ees Se Rocky shores of the Put-in-Bay Isla infrequent. a S. cakEsia, L. Common in rich woods. Islands. S. CANADENSIs, L. | 3 Abundant. _ , S. JUNCEA, Ait. Frequent. 5 reals . S. LANCEOLATA, L. | meee ws Common. — fe see S. LATIFOLIA, L. 7 ) Nas Florence ; frequent. Vermillion, Berlin ‘Heigh Milan, Perkins, Catawba, Kelley’s island Gre een Island, Rattlesnake; scarce. 3 15) Oe Re MOSELEY. | < 161 S. NEMORALIS, Ait. — Frequent. Islands. S. OHIOENSIs, Riddell. _ Castalia prairie; infrequent. S. PATULA, Muhl. | Florence, Milan, Castalia, Kelley’s Island; infrequent. _§S. RIDDELLI, Frank. Castalia; frequent. Marblehead, Groton, House’s swamp, Perkins; infrequent. S. RIGIDA, L. Marblehead and Oxford; frequent. Huron, San- dusky, Margaretta, Groton, Middle Bass; local. S. RuGOosA, Mill. East of Milan; local. S. SEROTINA, Ait. - Frequent. S. SEROTINA GIGANTEA, Gray. Milan, Oxford, southern Perkins; scarce. S. sPEcIosA, Nutt. Huron River and Peninsula; infrequent. South- eru Perkins; scarce. S. SPECIOSA ANGUSTATA, Torr & Gray.* Leonard’s Hazel Patch, Perkins; rare. S. TENUIFOLIA, Pursh. Oxford prairie; abundant. : , S. ULMIFOLIA, Muhl. Marblehead; frequent. Elsewhere infrequent. Islands. TANACETUM, L. Tansy. T. vulgare, L. : Roadsides; frequent. Islands. The ordinary form is the variety crispum, but the other occurs in ‘‘ Perkins” and on *‘ Kelley’s Island.”’ VERNONIA, Schreb. romweed, eon yy, Avrissia dé Nutt: ieee hola eae i Pia tke ~ Common. eeceties s the only island. s aa Va ame Ae By ee ee GRANDIFLORA, Ube. ee + ea Pa Mae? bas ett Huron, Willow Point , Kelley’ s Island ; ne WV. BascicuLaTa, Michx. Say eo | Prairies; frequent. Dt a hi Sea XANTHIUM, L. ee Pathe X. CANADENSE, Mill. Fae ~ i CORRECTIONS. oT. ‘For Shpeti cut Seti obi: read Potentilla a POA The mt “two § grow t together on the prairie but the latteris more abundant pend to it belong the small petrified leaves collected. | re = 28. The four names at the pee of first column should be at the ao . *.* The names of families are in capitals. In the catalog th genera of each family and the species of each genus are ie re alphabetically. A DelG vy eacck ce ee 70 ; Bergamot... peered (4 03 Canary -G2BS8.oornn ACANTHACE/......... 143 Betony (Wood) wetehcet seg 141 | Cancer-root.. .... ‘ Adam-and-Hve............ {67 | BETULACEA.... . 721 CAPPARIDACE i Adder’s-tongue........... 64 | BIGNONIACEZE.......143 CAPRIFOLIACE-E, oe j A OTINTVOD Yd, Socci corse 95.\| Bind weed............:. 76, 1380 | Caraway. . Arita Phase ase hie. fone 107 | Bireh.. S.A ee Bo iGardnrrra Flower. ANTON GEAR i eas 80 Bishop’ S- ‘Cap Le 94 | Carpet-weed..........0...., AVE his a ree ee ae 32 | Bitter- Cress,........ oe ~ 91'|- Carrion. EP lower:.23. 2 73 he Wh 2: NetNaee eae eee 1033 BibtersN Ubi see he. 69 Carrot .. Pea ALISMACEZE ...........: 42 | Bittersweet..... ...... 110, 189 CARYOPHYELAGH “AYU BIETO OE eas ante klese. * Black Atd ero Si. 9RO | ay Ge ee eee Amanan thy io), ears Blackberry. ae 31597.) Catehily nek AMARANTACE...... 9 Bladder Ketmia ....4..1134 Catgut 224 AMARYLLIDACHK® 66| Bladder-nut........2........ 110 ke eee Be American Cowslip...... - Bladder wort........0.0..0.. 142 | Catnip....... Ammannia............: 21, 117 | Blazing-Star,......... 64, 159 apes & io ANACARDIACE/.. 109 Blo@d-roote 2s BRE ES 89°|; Cedar. (21s vies eres 30 (ATIOTIOME ss Poe) ea 85 | Blue Beech... .s....5.20c 72 | Celandine....... py ee ; 88 ie ANONACE AS... 84 | Blue Bells .........5...2... 133 out APOCYNACEA., ...... 129 |} Blueberry............. ..31, 126 yo PET UPLO! cc cas sctac, Se 99.) bktre Bi lag er ee G7 het oe eee Applerof Pern): 7.10... iso th BIMetsen (e048 goes 145 | Chamomile.......... ARACEA®... ...... 60 | Blue-eyed Grass......... ‘67 | Charlock.. ARALIACEA “120 | Blue Joint- Grass... 45 | CHENOPODIACE ie Arbutus (Trailing)......125 | Blue-weed.................. 138) Chrerry.. 22. ARISTOLOCHIA- Bog-Rush.. gets BN. 2d ONICSSt. 34 Ut ae sae CCR AN ae 8 a 7d Boneset. ..157 | Chestnut... x SAA TTOWHGIASS 5.. ces ee. 41 | BORAGINACEA......138 Chick weed ... ive Arrow-Head.........0.0.... 42} Bottlebrush-Grass...... 44-4 Chicory 22). AYrow-WoOoOd................ 146} Bouncing Bet... ........... 82 | Choke-berry.. ASCLEPIA DACE/® .129 | Box-Eldetr.......... benoteeaee 111 CICHORIACE.© DN BINNS LO TA AD, Cte 106, 127 | Brake, Bracken........... 37 | Cinque-foil AA SPAPTARUIS: . ut peeraee. 63 Bramble: jeter. .sosee. 97 | CISTACE... ABPOB ei oi) eee Ze 31, 70 | Brome-Grass............... 44 | Clearweed.. ASTOR Sc. ev Pena wee 152 | Brook-weed...... ..2........ 127'| Gleaversea2). 2.4 ‘Ss A-VeNS...e...0: Saat We: Seater DGB waCkey.6.5 os wake 11} Olematis:2 see 4 Buck wheats. 4.84% 76) Cliffe brake... BOUEON Ccen in canabeesneette 186: Bug bane... ....c.208 ..0 8d) (OlOVERS «me gaan Basanas aS ee 1) Bulrush?. ko eee 59 | Club-MOsS.2..24...; BALSAMINACE 4.1211) Burdock...) ...5....c.cccc0c00 bl Cockle: 4. See Baneberr Vien ii oe seen 84*| Bux-Grass s<. oi. ees 44 | Cocklebur AR DOCYERY,,..0-.-> creses eh toe 87 | Bur-Marigold.......... ...154 | Coffee-tree... Barnyara- ane te: 48 | Burning-bush.............. 110 | Cohosh : Basil. SLE hots keke er LO MOLLE -PCCGs gh renee 40} Columbine. Bass wood.. ele |i Bush-Glover<. sae mee 1:3 | Columbo... 2... Bastard Toad-flax ..... 75 | Butter- -and-eggs........... 141} COMMELINA Béak-Bush 34502. Buttercup. sce ss3jecs debe: 86; COMPOSIT 4i.. Bearberry....................125 | Butterfly-weed............ 130 | Cone-fiower........... Beard Grasso. Avee.t Sol eb utlern ut... 70). CONIFER ALL ort aie agg 4) | Butter-weed............. ° ue CONVOLVULACE Beech.. 5 Ae a Button-bush..2e 144} Coral-berry.......... Beech- -drops.... PPh ee Button Snakeroot 122,159 | Coral-root............ Bedstraw 3. cist scteseien Buttonwood... 3..5..e: 95 | Cord Grass........ Beggar’s Lice : Coreopsis... ..... Ye Beggar-ticks 4| CACTACE .............117 | CORNACE, *“Beliflo wer...) Ale CA CUS e oicat ee eee 117 annem or Bell WOLt sre. ake 66 | CASSALPINACEJ® ...100 | Corn-flower .. Benjamin-bush........... 88 | CALLITRICHACE £108 | Corn Salad... Bent-Graas 7.2 00..0 23-403 43 | CAMPANULACE/®...148 Corpse-Plant. . eee esas BERBERIDACE.,,... 87 | Campion.....,................- 82 | Corydalis........ Ive tad fa ; Rie ) ; Fe aes 4 ; as 2 - ~ . Rates : Bb Gees 2 re ranberry... m Cranberry- tree... Soegecks 2 _Cranesbill............... 3 ly Sg eimesagmiars e | Gress... Ee aN eae hd : Periweca a SE eee he Culver’s-root............ 1a2 eee ea RES ee BS 160 , SF PS eens, 95 a MGCOSCUTACE. ....... Adl _ CYPERACE® ees 52 fh ON yoy a 159 6 - _eRIE hae S S ee 47 eT Se 135 118 Ty. Apa bate PET 97 P BTosconii ACE... 66 ’ 2 ee a 1.147 vsne. “a | Dock nee we ep eee ew cens cee eseasceee 738 ee = te Dackmackie:..2...2.3) 2... 146 ee: _ US el es 151 eee eer bANe fs... 129 a Dog’s-tail Grass... 45 - Dozwood Be eS waist ADA meor-weed........... ey ti - Dragon-root ates Gk _ Drop-seed Grass.......... 7 ~ Duck’s-meat... GS — Duckweee .......... ec... 61 rien oP _ Datehman’ s Breeches 89 a Dwarf Dandelion.......149 a epee, SOOT POASS ooo 1 scsecee 45 on et, meNPiAAIMe. 2 ee . 97 Mee me) ELAAGNACEZ........ 117 La AE Ge ae oe 146 irs er ee ies ae it Ae 13, 74 “Enehanter sN ightshade 7 BQUISETACK.._..... 37 he PAT A Es. EU PHORBIACE.....107 _ Evening Primrose .... 119 Ps ep ee StL Sas 151, 157 pS ‘PAGACEE wing? CHEN 72 False Dragon-head Foam 137 eee oa Fe 91 Ae Foxglove... ee 140 Seanatae iyerse fee 101 INDEX. BR wOTG ee ee CS, 141 FEF ILICES WSACE DA ee 35 Fireweed- Ye Ae RD 119, 156 Five-finger..... .. is a A 96 UW ce a RE Oe Fleabane...... .... 20... 156 Mogren tes 2s ee 134 Forked Chickweed..... 81 | Foxtail Grass....,......45, 50 Frost-—weed.................. 115 FUMARIACE~......... 89 PME TUOT Ye! 229d 89 Ladin orebe: soa ese: 58 GAR OU Lee hes 80 Garlic. 2 Pe eR aes 63 Seniian S25 2 oe 128 GENTIANACE~ 128 GERANIACE-. ....... 195 GEFADMIAUE Foci 2 scn8.c8. 105 Gerara in b=) sce Ae 140 Germander........ 1.0.2... 138 Giant bit ae Ae pe 2 OSA Oe othe Sena ale 157 \atRN ONG on Fh 120 Goat’s-Beard............... 150 Goapstiue. 22 104 Golden-rod-.................160 Golgent Seals = 3 )2-23 86 Gooseberry ......... eet. v4 Gopseroote. 2 222... aT Goose-Grass .......144 GRAMINEZ._........... 43 SRY TER Ogi pies & See 112 Grass of Parnassus..... 94 -Greek Valerian........... 132 Greemprier oe) 2-2 sks 65 j Green Vioiet................ 115 Gromirwells. oo. oe: 133 GROSSULARIACEHE- ¢§ Ground senile 4 Ne ae 139 | Ground Ivy........ 137 | Ground Laurel............ 125 Ground-nnt..........0..-- 101 Ground-Pine............... 38 GrounGdsels 262 2...3. 159 Fisekperry 800: *. 2... HALORAGIDACE~. ino HAMAMELIDACE# 95 Harbinger-ofSpring...122 Baro back e's 3 98 Harebeule. So ec. 33¢.2..148 Hawk weed. ue Sen Pete: 149 Hawthoriw) S22 &...:... 98 Havzel-nut 22 >222.8.. 72 HM eaacall 2248S ess = 2 _....137 Hedgebog-Grass eS 44 Hedge-Hyssop..... ...... 140 Hedge-Nettle..._.: ......... 138 Hienocke en Tei te 3Y EVO EGS Ee ee eA: 74 Hog Pea-nutec..00. (S.C RCE ee eee 46 Hollyhoek. | 5825. AIS Feverfew. -.cccccecccccccceses 155 Fever-wort .............. ...146 { : A yee ae ese ee 165 Honey-Locust............ 100 Honeysuckle........... ... 146 Hoenewortk se 121 1) ee as eat 74 St elphebay BEN BE 2 72 Hop-tree.. PS |! Horehound......... ....... 136 Hornbeam . ioe Horned Pondweed.. =} 42 Hornwort.. ictus Seka Oe Horse-Kalm................. 135 Horse-brier~ 3: 65 Ho-se-Gentian.... ........146 Horse-Nettle.........00.... 139 Horseradisbh................. 9] PIOFSGi adh ee 37 Horse-weed . weeeeee lOO Hound's- Tongue. Set 133 Huckleberry..... -126 HYDROCH. ARIDACEA HY DROPHYLLACES. SEY SBOE Ee Sea 152 HY PERIGACHA.. 4114 ThICACHZ.....2.. AP De 110 Indian Cuc umber-root 65 Jndian-Grass............... 45 Indian Heimp..............129 Indian -Pipe.. oss. 125 Indian Plantain......... 159 PUNCGIAN ~“RiGe? <2. SS) ol Indian Tobaceco...... .... 148 Indian Turnip............ 61 hagocenee ) +) °F rad 145 TFRILDACEHS: ~>._2—o ha aeiS:. 2 22.5 ee ee 66 iron-weed...........-0..,18 fren-wood.> 2542-5 72 ; Jamestown-weed........138 Jerusalem Oak............ 79 Jewe!l-weed.. ite eebPt Joe-Pye W eed... a ee 157 Indas-tree . .-100 JUGLANDACEZ.._. 69 FUNCA CEA. Ferg es 62 June-berry............0sct..- 9S June-Grass...... ...... wees DO SP ERIPCre eS eee 39 Kentucky Blue-Grass 50 King-nut......... 2. ..ceceess 69 K notgrass «2.2.1.0 5...... “WH Kerotweed ee 76 WA BEA PA? 5. eee 134 Lady’s Sjipper......... 2. 67 Ladys Thumb. 3.2497 Ladies’ Tresses........... 638 Lamb Lettuce.............. Hi farkspurs..2: x. So- 86 LAURACEA 22.2. 88 Kealenp:: 2... 234253 159 Leatherwood......... ot ave Bheeks. 2.50 Jie 63 LEMNACEZ......4i22 61 9 | LENTIBULARIACER.. Lettuce <..5 oe 149 ENaC § ..5 ieee Shoes 128 See eee At, ot 63 Lil . Lily of the ‘Valley. afte: 64 4a ye - ‘4 Pb 'ghd - rae ye z t | 7 . “~ M4 166 Pach ta INDEX. LIMNANTHACE~...109 | Mustard..............90, 91, 92 | Plum.. me ee BONE ote LINACHAR aus 106) | My rile! se ne 129 | Poison ‘Hemlock. aaa (eda Lea TANGER A) 8. ea ee 113 , Poison Ivy.,;...35.. Selelras 0A 8 Set eae Live-for-ever............. 93 | NATADACE ........ 11, 40 | Pokeweed idesesee Ee Balveralegits, Vy ais hc. Soll Nadadh ayo ee ae 40 | POLEMON IACES... er i i 99 | Neck weed. .0 i. tls 142 | POLYGALACE...; ter Nelum po, saa tec 83 | POLYGONACE#®...... M7 me Nettle ‘re a #aN AeOly padyan, wes ey New Jersey Tea....... .. 112,| Pond-Lily 2.2. cay Nightshade 39 | Pondweed.. 40 Nae ager. i ie PONTEDERIACEA, 7%, Nonesieni ces was: 3 | Poplar... Nut-Bush Vie ak OO PODPY....:50e BES te FS 59 EM NEVO etd 133 | NYCTAGINACE.... 80 | Porcupine Grass... DI a pane! saa fe 8h 103 | NYMPH 4 ACHE ...... 82 | PORTULACACE..... 80 yy WG OtT Is. des fen, pele 81 Prairie Dock! 20438 “160 ska: LYCOPODIACE....... 38] Oak oss. ...16, 24, 73} Prickly Pear.............. 117 oy Lyme-Grass 0.00.65. 0.. 5.08): AO} OVW, 00.0 be Noa catnen uate cere 33 | Prim. wleostesy OB) UTE DY TER AG BAe 2 Oi 117 | Old, Witeh Grass......2 48 PRIMULACE ABs » popvala eee MAGNULIACEZ....... 84 (OLHA CH MMe. eyelid oe 127.|.Prince’s Pine.ceee 124. Mallow. ....... ll 114| ONAGRACEA....... 118'| Privet.: tie ee 128-1 MALVACEZ., .. 118 | Onion.. a en COOP Ania ie % Wrandwake on 2) ee) 88 | OPHIOGLOSSACEZE 35 | Purslane... soees logetely LS OP Daas Manna-Grass.......c........ 46} Orache (Ua eee =3 Putty-root.. Bey Shae) Man-of-the-Earth.......131 | Orange-Grass. .............115 PYROLACHAD.fis 124 ; Ma DIE DS 2 ea: 16, 31, 110 Orange-root..... 86 Sone Marigold..........85, 154, 155 | Orchard-grass............. 45 | Queen of the Prairie... 98 ib Marsh Grass ........... 61) ORCHIDACH Ay vay 67 | Quick- or Quitch-Grass _ Marsh-Marigold,......... 85 | Orehis. ................ TE 2. GOB coy tos Nae resten aan eee aa coe Matrimony-Vine......... 138 | OROBA NCHACEA....143 BO May-Apple.................. S8:1/Orpined sry swans. 93 | Ragweed. ae A May-weed... Rael a Bee Orange..,,............74 | Ragwort. wll , Meadow- -Beauty Pig eae LAS HOSTER Oo e a ik es ksaee 70 RYNUNCULACH Meadow-Grass............- 50 OXALIDACH AS, 105 Ra peAuih ae eee 90 Meadow-Parsnip........123 | Ux-eye.. 1) 158) Raspberry... stones oT Meadow-Rue .............. 87 Ox-eye Daisy SUA penile, 155 eased Ce s-Master: 122 Meadow-Sweet............ 98, PpOyster-plantyi.03...5. 150 | Rattlesnake-Plantain 68— gee WHER Lek tes | eee Tee 103 Rattlesnake-root. .......150 MELASTOMACE .... 118 | Painted Cup................ 149 | Ray-Grass Pee Mellie Grassi. oe. 20740 0) 47 | Panie Grass.. .. 48] Red—-budsie i as ee 2) Bure Melilot.. 103 PAPAVERACESS...... 88] Red OSICP sees eee \ ME NISPERMACBEA, 88 | Papaw... 48 | Red-root .... .... Mermaid-weed............ 129 | PAPILIONACE®......101 Red-top........ IMexi¢an:Pea. or hs TOY AA PSHM Be soe ote ey 122.) Reeds! 0 Ce eae Mignonette so vey. 93 } Partridge-berry.. 145 || Rein-Orehis!. os ne Geran OTT TOU eo a ue aS Ae 1150 BI Ge Ste I Re a RO tt 100 | RESEDACE/#.......... 13, Bt risa aie ISDH rea Che WS TMU NR A Me 99 | RHAMNACEH#..........112 Milkwort. pea te | Penmits o beanie ee 33 | Ribbon-Grass..........: <, AB eae Milk-Vetch.................101 PeWMMtORY Mose ee cae 75 | Ribgrass... oo hehe Oe 1 ANI) A Rea bale 49; 50") PENNY ELress\a eek 82 Rice Cut-Grass ..0... ; She 4A ROT Hk RR eae oe A al ISG MEN yTOyalese epee 25\| Rieh-weeds: 2.3 oe Toa Dhlere wort yee 94 | Peppergrass...... .......... 92 | Rock-Cress.. +90 © Mocasson Flower........ Gi Pepperidge sc iy. oie 124 | Roman Wormwood... 154 td Moeker-nut «0. 0:00.24 70 | Peppermint................-186 | ROSACEA... os 7 Mock Orange.....)......0: 94:|, Pepper-root.:....0... 0 | Bose. 20a eae ae. MONeY WOPT. ii aioe eee 127 -Pepper wort...4.-53.(0 ote. 92, omer Monkey-fiower . iat b)Periwinkle/ jj 6 080 129 | Rosin-weed................ 160; ;; MONOTROPACES .. 125} Phlox. seeeee131 | RUBIACEAE; ; Moonseed) 6 Se §8 PHRYMACEZ............ 143)||, Risa a ee Moosewood........ .........117 | PH YTOLACCACEA,, 80} Rush-Grass ................. 4) eam MORACEAD 74| Pickerel-weed.............. 62] RUTACEAB.)..00,..,, WO Re ae Morning-Glory............ 131 | Pigeon-Berry...2..;..... 80.4 Rye, Wild... ea MOSS PINKS eee Be pie an Woe ee 70 ; x Motherwort..... ........... WBS WwEioweed,.\ih pCa ae 78 | Sacred Bean................8 884 Mountain Ash ......., 21, 99} Pimpernel..............0.0.. 126 | St. John’s-wort............ 114) Mountain (Mint i048 (aor arine.! a oe 15, 389} SALICACEZ... Ora (Ne Mountain Rice............ 48-1 Pine-weed.)..0:i6 401.0015" Salsify a conten Sea Mouse-ear Chickweed. 81 | Pinweed.............:0c0ce 115 | Sand-Grass.... .... Rola Bes Mud-Plantain............, 62 | Pipsissewa.............0.-. 124 | Sandwort.............. yo ae 81. Mugwott............3 Ranh 152 | Pitcher-plant.......... .... 31) Sanicles, . wuscdyelate ee aan Mulberry. ........-0.. 74 | PLANTAGINACEAL.144 | SANTALACEZ......... 75 | Mullein.. : FY AAT Plata ray ee aI AY 144 | Sarsaparilla........... ..... 120 Mullein- HOxEIOVes, yee 141} PLATANACEZ... 95 | Sassafras........... 02... bie 88 Muskit Grass.. 4a Plenrisy -roob.i:..). 28k ‘..130 SAURURACE.. ae. he Mh Ty aah UPR Fecal ur t gaa oe ih Pie ane NS" me ‘ ‘' at} EAS y F ‘« , SAR CE ay Slit STON aAR Nn ah { ' 7 INDEX. SEAL Odie Spe ae ame 187. |. Storkabill. 105 SARTPRAGACHAR, 94 | Strawhberry..........c006..0: 95 aBaxifrage.:.:....:..........0. 94°} Strawberry Blite......... 32 ISOC OUONIB. he 158 Strawberry Bush........ 110 ES ea Se Suecery.. cae rok, 149 - Scorpion-grass. .......... 134 | Sugarberry.................. 74 SCROPHULARIACE# | Sumach.....:....0...... 107, 109 Se ees ashy Qe oe hLDA OUMGOW: 2. keene ee Oe _ Sea-Rocket... Sundropsst: s.- Ses 119 Sea Sand-Reed.. SunhOwWer ni es ee 157 ; ON Se. tha te Sweet-Brier...........5..4.. 97 x aa PEO OK et cash Sweet Cicely 2:5 .2.t92.,122 Ne Self-heal...... ce. Sweet Clover.,....... ..... 103 He cpa SOT... 02-0... 06s, Bt Sweet! lag. scscsouhoes 60 ve “fara Service-berry Sycamore....... 13, 14, 16, 95 oyrt de VAL PetiaG-US1 2. 24.....00.:.. SMe cos): eRe eC 94 hia} Sheep-berry .. i ene Shepherd’s Purse....... 91 | Tamaracs........000.. 32 ry SUS 29 ea 179 Ns 9 Va A ed ees iy Whos Sy Ss ae ee ey Pekan 126 | Tape-grass............ 0.0... 43 el Sickle-pod... gv | Tear-thumb..... 0.00.0... 76 ae SUB Weed). jo 8 8 eas. PROUT CASCle et tage bets 147 is Silver-Weed................. 96 | Thimbleberry Pr v4 SS ae SIMARUBACE. ..... BOE IGtler Vee ers. eas 155 ae ass Skullcap ES OPS Uh ee ue 98 re: Skunk Cabbage. . 61 | Thoroughwort............. 156 aS Smartweeds............... ”.. 76| Three-seeded cg gay ii _Snake-heada ................ 1 Th CA ae COREE ERE eee Se 107 Ue _Snake-root 75, 85, 128, 159 THY MELEACE-E nese Uh ed Snapdragon................. 33 | Tickseed... : » >... Smeeze-weed...........).... 157 | Tic seed Sunfiower.... 156 nw SEO Oe) 0h ae ee 1G Lie wureroil ns eae) 101 sah, SOR WI) V0) i eee en 82 | TILIACE A ; SOLANACEH A............. 138 | Timothy Solomon’s Seal............ 65 | Toad-Flax S011 ed eT AE Sen eh WO URAUOn FN, oor oe Sour-Gum.. 124 | Toothache-tree.............106 Sow Thistle................ 150 | Toothwort... MT EAGT $I! Spanish-Needles......... 154| Touch-me-not.......... 111 Spatter-Dock. .\:..;:...... 83 | Tower Mustard........... 90 SPGar-GTASS i)... 0c.) covecsce 50 | Tree of Heaven ...........107 PARTING... 2-5. 55< 025608180) Trefoil \... ve. 3h 106 Spearwort.................... 7 | Triple-awned Grass.... 44 - Speedwell.......... pao 142 | Trumpet-Creeper,........ 143 Spice-busb.....:..:.........- 88 | Trumpet-weed............. 157 Mpiderwort.....:...:...... 262 | Dinlip=tree: <2, 0, <2. 84 mpreenar de yo 3 120 | Tumble-weed............... 79 Meer ©- FUSS... 2..,...... 59 | LPupelo. ..............ccsesectin 124 i! Spindle-tree.. erie ALOU cortle-head 5. eA 140 er opleen WOPt...:.. ...02.....! 36 | Twayblade................... 68 -. ‘Spring-Beauty..... ...... 80 -Twig-Rush.........)........ 57 sos 108} Twin-leaf..................... 88 _ Squaw-root...... Rs MY PHAC HA. ;.3)) ae 40 Squaw-weed..... ‘Squirrel Corn.............. 89 | ULMACE/.................. 74 Squirrel-tail Grass..... 47 | UMBELLIFERZ. ..... 121 STAPH YLEACE®.....110 | URTICACEZE......:....... 75 Star-Grass..00....0.. 0.005 66 Star of Bethlehem...... 65 | VACCINIACE.........126 ' eee idan Dep tae 98); Valenian ) @ Paes Se Srh ewhae ee enelicae Ranunculaceae...............-| 39 24°: 55 Driiciertets. 2 ciiiecschuacey: "20 71 46 Waenoliacenc ..........+..006-. 3 5 Capparidaceae...........ces00 ] re ae FIMO RBCCAS oo 5.0cseg .-000s've ] ] Widlacemse 2.2.05... 5... pasesaien | ke i a Menispermaceae .......52..... 3 3 CUBEACEHON SG -.c2ccnessscssewcncne|, 4 8 TSCPDEFIGACEAC.......0: escecces 3 5 Droseraceae oo eee 2 + Nymphemaceae .......°....0008- 6 ELY PEriCACGQO. 5.2.00 seces.co.) > 15 ie Fs) DaArTACeNiaceae ......... 2... ] IPA ORROY accccse! Sake eoessese 2 ] ERDEVELACORS ......0.. -.-.02-- 2 Caryophyllaceae . eee tae tC) a0 PUIMATIACCAC. ,. ..-.000 secsnesss 6 Portstlacacea® 2.5.00. tases. 3 ] 4 105772 i — os et ee e=2 ee aE: ze ct = ai = 93 YS ! = | = |oe doe he 8 Orders. = = jp S Orders. =r Sis fé Ig © = 0g © ° ~ — _ = oO Qs. | = = = on j f=) =| | Cn S S = on o |7 = = D =) < / I 5 als a a |e C1 — ~ Miai¥ NCORE., 2.255008 sei cee sanee's MTR GORCienc2 arene ee 2 OJGRCCRLE loc. c cs cara teeeteeen 2 Aristolochiaceae...........00.+ Camelliaceae ......00¢ veeceses 2 Nyctacinaceae.......... Linaceae icc. Jceckaovacesecetens } Geraninceae ......sse..cessoene 5D) Phyto!accacene -...:....00s0s 9 | Chenopodiaceae ...... .. BAR MEL GACOME was to. coaueccee seewert va ” Amarantaceae.. .. Anacardiaceae......0.....00.- ( Bo ial POLY FODACORE sc 5000. nase eng aiae Vitaceaienccctees.:ccescecn set eese f 5 Lauraceae ...... Rhamingiceaecet.cessadeccec ees é 6 Celastrac@a eve. ..nassjrecussons 0 0 HWlwaenaGeae wiciesidosax elses Sapindaceae:.<.0s OO FR! UO pemed feeh, bo He Oo He OR OND SS —— aos Oo me cow ke ho b 2) ve — fe Ort Cc bo io 2) Qn oO — bo — bo — eS ot oe vo Oe =—a— mm OH WO — wo — ts eal ae we) Total Phenogamous... 1376 t Hquisetaceae <2... s-.senserees 8 | | oa Hilices....... “g nemorosa, L. multifidus, Pursh. | Ze Ponds, throughout the State. Common. Woods. Infrequent. . terrestris, Gra Ne 5 aaa Hyde Parl : Chi . me k. : : yde Park near Chicago, Babcoc triloba, Chaix. 2 Hillsides. McHenry. Vasey : near Joliet, Bab- oblongifolius, Ell. S. cock ; along the Wabash River, Forhb . Schneck. | Wet prairie near Odin, Marion county, Bebb : tare.» St. Clair, Brendel : Jackson, Forbes. Searee. alismeefolius, Geyer. Hancock county, Mead, and St. Clair, Brendel ; Margins of \ponds. common in Fulton, Wo'f: Washington, French, Cymbalaria, Pursh. N-E. Lake shore near Chicago, Babcock, and Calumet, Hill. rhomboideus, Goldie. Prairies of the extreme north. Winnebago Co., the very earliest harbinger of spring, Bebb: and McHenry, Vasey. abortivus, LL. Damp woods along streams. Common. var. micranthus, Gray. With the typical form in Menard county, Hall; | Marion, Bebb, and Washington, French. | sceleratus, L. Near West Side artesian well, Chicago, Munroe. recurvatus, Poir. Woods. Common. Pennsylvanicus, L. In ditches, along streams, &c. fascicularis, Muhl. Dry prairies, hillsides. Common. repens, L. Banks of streams, wet meadows. Common. var. HIispipus in Hancock and Washington. GCFIS, LE: Wabash county, Schneck. | MYOSURUS minimus, L. W.&S. Damp prairies of Hancock co., Mead: Marion, | Rare. Bebb, and Washington, French. [SOPYRUM biternatum, T. & G. Moist, shady places. Common. CALTHA palustris, L. Wet meadows, &e., northward. C. & N. from Fulton county (Wo’f) Frequent. AQUILEGIA Canadensis, L. Rocky hillsides. Common. DELPHINIUM Consolida, L. Sparingly escaped from gardens. CATALOGUE OF THE tricorne, Michx. C. & S. Rich prairies, Henderson Co., Peoria (Brendel) and southward. Frequent. azureum, Michx. © W. Prairies and barrens, not rare in Henderson and Hancock counties near the Mississippi. HYDRASTIS Canadensis, IL. Rich woods throughout the State, but rare. ACTAA spicata, L. var. rubra, Michx. Rich woods, Hancock county, Mead, and north- ward. Also in Wabash, Schneck. Scaree. alba, Bigel. Rich woods, throughout the State. CIMICIFUGA racemosa, Ell. Rich woods. St. Clair county, Vasey, Brendel ; Wabash, Schneck ; Winnebago, Miss Norton. Rare. MAGNOLIACEA. | MAGNOLIA acuminata, L. Be: Johnson county, Schneck : common in Union, Vasey, Forbes, Wolf. Umbrella, Lam. S. This species was given in Mr. I. A. Lapham’s Catalogue of Illinois Plants in Trans, Ils. Ag’] Soc’y, Vol. II. He says of it: My herbarium contains a specimen of leaves received from the late Robert Kennicott marked “No. 6, Cucumber Magnolia ; Cache bottoms.” As the leaves are too narrow and too much tuft- ed at the ends of the branches to agree with M. ACUMINATA, I added to the label the specific © name UMBRELLA: this is my authority for in- cluding it in the List of Illinois Plants. Dr. Brendel has “sought for it in vain along the Cache River, where it is said to grow.” LIRIODENDRON Tulipifera, L. S. River banks from Jackson and Wabash counties southward. ANON ACE AL. ASIMINA triloba, Dunal. River bottoms. Lee county near Dixon, Vasey : Kankakee, Hill ; rare. More common south. PLANTS OF ILLINOIS. 3 MENISPERMACEA. COCCULUS Carolinus, DC. S. Banks of streams. Wabash county, Schneck ; Jackson, French; and southward. MENISPERMUM Canadense, IL. Banks of streams. Common. CALYCOCARPUM Lyoni, Nutt. S. Jackson county, French, Forbes. Rare. BERBERIDACE. CAULOPHYLLUM thalictroides, Michx. Rich woods. Frequent. JEFFERSONIA diphylla, Pers. Woods. Peoria county, Brendel; Kankakee, | Hill ; Kane, Vasey. Rare, PODOPHYLLUM peltatum, L. Rich woods. Common. NYMPH HACE. CABOMBA Caroliniana, Gray. S. Reported by Dr. Schneck as not rare in Wabash county. I have not seen specimens. BRASENIA peltata, Pursh. McHenry Co., Vasey: Cook, Munroe; Cass, near Beardstown, Mead ; Wabash, Schneck : Union, | Forbes. NELUMBIUM luteum, Willd. Scarce. Ponds, throughout the State, especially in the | Mississippi bottoms. Frequent. NYMPHHA tuberosa, Paine. Ponds and sloughs. Common, cspecially north. NUPHAR advena, Ait. Ponds and slow streams. Common. sagittifolia, Pursh. S. Wabash county, Schneck. SARRACENIACE. SARRACENIA purpurea, L. N. Bogs near Chicago, Babcock ; McHenry, Vasey. PAPAVERACE. ARGEMONE Mexicana, L. Sparingly escaped from gardens to roadsides and waste places. STYLOPHORUM diphyllum, Nutt. R:ch woods. Near Makanda, Jackson county. French. Rare. SANGUINARIA Canadensis, L. Rich woods on hillsides. Common. FUMARIACE. ADLUMIA cirrhosa, Raf. N. Ogle county, Bebb ; Kankakee, Hill ; near Lin- coln Park, Chicago, probably introduced, Bab- cock. Rare. DICENTRA Cucullaria, DC. Rich woods on hillsides. Common. Canadensis, DC. N. Frequent about Lockport, Will county, Babcock. CORYDALIS glauca, Pursh. Very sparingly on a sandstone cliff below Ore- gon, Ogle county, Bebb. flavula, Raf. S. Wabash county, Schneck. aurea, Willd. Dr. Mead collected specimens in the Mississip- pi bottoms, near Warsaw, with pendant pods. but without flowers; in Kankakee county Rev. Hill finds plants with mostly the minute flowers of the variety micRANTHA, but some of the up- per flowers conspicuously spurred—the pods al: ascending. var. micrantha, Engelm. Sandy river banks, &c., throughout the State. Scarce. NASTURTIUM officinale, R. Br. Northern counties, Bebb, Vasey. 4 CATALOGUE OF THE sessiliflorum, Nutt. C. & S. Henderson, Peoria and Kankakee counties, and southward. Searee. At Oquawka the typica! form, growing in the edges of ponds, flowers in May and June, whi'e a dwarf, much branched form, common on sand bars and low banks of the Mississippi, flowers until killed by frost in October. obtusum, Nutt. Menard county, Hall. Rare. palustre, DC. Low grounds. Common. lacustre, Gray. Wabash, Schneck ; Sangamon, Hall: Hancock, Mead ; and northward. Frequent. Armoracia, Fries. Escaped from ga-dens. Frequent. DENTARIA laciniata, Muhl. Rich woods. Common. CARDAMINE rhomboidea, DC. Along streams. Common. var. purpurea, Torr. N. Kankakee, Hiil: Chicago, Munroe : Winnebago, Bebb. hirsuta, L. Low grounds. Common. C.& 8. var. sylvatica, Gray. Hancock, Mead: and southward. ARABIS Ludoviciana, Meyer. C. & SB. Banks of the Mississippi near Warsaw, Mead ; | Fulton county, Wo'f: Menard, Hall: common in waste places about Salem, Marion county, 3ebb: St. Clair, Brende’. e lyrata, L. N. Sandy barrens and rocky hills. Cook counties and westward. derson. dentata, T. & G. Rich woods a‘ong streams. hirsuta, Scop. Dry woods and rocky hi''s. levigata, DC. Rocky hillsides. Infrequent. Canadensis, L. C. & N. Hancock and Menard counties and northward. Kankakee and Common in Hen- hesperidoides, Gray. River banks. Will county, Monroe: Peoria, Brende!; Henderson: and southward. Searee. perfoliata, Lam. N. Rocky hillsides. Winnebago county, Miss Nor- ton ; Elgin, Kane county, Vasey. Drummondii, Gray. nl. Rocky hillsides. Lee county near Dixon, Vasey; Winnebago, Bebb. BARBAREA vulgaris, R. Br. N. McHenry county, Vasey ; and about gardens at Augusta, Mead. ERYSIMUM cheiranthoides, L. N. Banks of streams. Hancock county, Mead, and Henderson: Kankakee, Hill; Winnebago, Bebb. Rare. asperum, DC., var. Arkansanum, Nutt. Barrens, Mason and Cass counties, Mead, Wolf. Rare. _SISYMBRIUM | | ! | ofjicinale, Scop. Roadsides and waste places. canescens, Nutt. Throughout the State. A common weed. Frequent. Sophia, L. Roadsides in a German settlement, Stephenson county, evidently a chance importation from “faderland”—Bebb. BRASSICA Sinapistrum, Botsster. Fields and waste places. About Chicago, Kan- kakee, Mt. Carmel, &e. Scarce. nicra, Gray. Fie’ds and waste places. Frequent. DRABA brachyearpa, Nutt. Wabash county, Schneck. S. 8. cuneifolia, Nutt. Credited to Illinois in Gray’s Manual. Caroliniana, Walt. Dry prairies and barrens. Common. var. micrantha, Gray. Winnebago county, Bebb. PLANTS OF ILLINOIS. >) CAPSELLA pedata, L. Bursa -pastoris, Moench. Dry prairies and barrens. Flowers sometimes A common weed. pure white. Common. LEPIDIUM var. bicolor, Gray. Virginicum, L. With the typical form in Henderson county : a san’ is Hancock, Mead: Peoria, Brendel. Rare. Roadsides. Common. . . sagittata, Alt. intermedium, Gray. 5 ? : ee : Prairies and fields. Common. Marion and Washington counties, Bebb, French; : common about Chicago, Babcock: McHenry, canina, L., var. sylvestris, Regel. Vaaey Rich woods. Hancock county, Mead; Peoria. CAKILE Brendel ; common near Chicago, Babcock. Americana, Nutt. N-E. striata, Ait. C..& S. Lake shore at Chicago, Munroe, Babcock. Rich woods. Hancock county, Mead: Marion. Bebb : Wabash, Schneck. Scarce. CAPPARIDACE A. pubescens, Alt. POLANISIA | Rich woods. Common. graveolens, Raf. | var. eriocarpa, Nutt. Sandy river banks, roadsides. Common north. | Winnebago and Marion counties, Bebb. Rare, | or unnoticed. CLEOME ‘ Be rae var. scabriuscula, T. & G. : integ? ifolia, I. SG. Kankakee county, Hill. Common and spreading along roadsides and in - “ waste places about Oquawka: sparingly escaped | tricolor, Ls .var. arvensis, Gray. from cultivation at Chicago, Munroe. As it is not eaten by domestic anima’s, this pretty plant | will probably become a common roadside weed. | spectosissima, Deppe. | CISTACE &. Sparingly escaped from gardens southward. HELIANTHEMUM | ! | | Cultivated grounds, Hancock county, Mead : and southward. ‘Undoubtedly native south,” Vasey. Canadense, Michx. VIOLACE. Dry prairies and barrens. Common. SOLEA HUDSONIA concolor, Ging. C&S. | tomentosa, Nutt. N: Woods. Tazewell county, Brendel: Menard, Near Dixon, Vasey. Rare. | Hall ; Marion, Bebb. Rare. -LECHEA VIOLA | major, Michx. lanceolata, L. _ Dry prairies and woods. Infrequent. Lee county, Vasey; Chicago, Babcock. Rare. minor, Lam. blanda, Willd. | Prairies and barrens. Common. Cook county, Babcock, and near Elgin, Vasey. A ‘tall “Western form with stric® habit and canes- eeaiiata: Ait cent foliage” in Winnebago county, Bebb. : L. TENuIFoLIA, Mx.—Sandstone cliffs, Ogle Low grounds. Common, county, also in Marion, Bebb: common in bar- rens of Henderson ; Adams. Mead. var. palmata, Gray. P y L. RACEMULOSA, Mx.—Schuy’er county, Mead. With the typical form. Frequent. | delphinifolia, Nutt. | DROSERACE.. Prairies, throughout. Common. | pRoOSERA “Tn cultivation the 'eaf seems to revert to V. | , Ain I N cucULLATA”—Babcock. ‘Apparently an extreme | rotundifolia, L. , IN. variation of V. pALMATA’'—Bebh. Bogs near Chicago, Babeock. 6 CATALOGUE OF THE longifolia, L. N. Sarothra, Michx. Near Chicago, Babcock ; Kankakee county, Hill. Sandy grounds. Frequent. : meu pie ELODES HY PERICACE %. oh . Virginica, Nutt. ASCYRUM Swamps. McHenry county, Vasey ; Peoria, Brendel ; and southward. petiolata, Pursh. S. Wabash county, Schneck. Crux-Andrex, L. S. Washington county, French ; Union, Brendel. HYPERICUM pyramidatum, Ait. C. &N. Banks of streams. Menard county, (a single | plant,) Hall; Hancock, Mead: Peoria, Brendel; | ELATINE and northward. Rare. Fats eae aa set | Americana, Arnott. C. | Floating on the surface and rooting in the mar- ELATINACE A. Kalmianum, L. . | Common along lake shore about Chicago, flower- | ing from June to Octoher, Babcock. prolificum, L. C. & S. Dry banks of streams in Hancock county, Mead; and southward. adpressum, Barton. S. St. Clair county, Brendel ; Wabash, Schneck. nudiflorum, Michx. Low grounds, Cook and Lee counties, Vasey ; | and southward. Searee. sphzerocarpon, Michx. Dry prairies and rocky hillsides, throughout the | State. Scaree. ellipticum, Hook. St. Clair county, Brendel; Fulton, Wolf. perforatum, L. Chicago, Babcock; Peoria, Brendel ; county, Schneck. Rare. corymbosum, Muh. Damp places. Common. mutilum, L. Low grounds. Common. var. gymnanthum, Gray. Kankakee county, Hill; Hancock, Mead; Mason and Menard, Bebb, Hail. Scarce. Canadense, L. Low grounds. Menard county, Hall: and north- ward. var. major, Gray. With the typical form, Hancock county, Mead ; | Kankakee, Hill ; and northward. Drummondi, T. & G. S. Marion and Washington counties, Bebb, French ; Union, Forbes. gin of a stagnant pond in Sangamon county, Bebb ; Menard, Hall. BERGIA Texana, Seubert. Diffusely branched from the base ; stems as- cending, puberulent; leaves oblong-spatulate, rather acute, serrate, tapering into a short petiole; flowers on short pedicels, mostly solitary in the axils.—Stems 6-10 in. high, glandular or hispid- pubescent ; sepa's denticulate, exceeding the narrowly oblong obtuse petals; stamens 5 or 10; dehiscence septifragal, as in ELATINE, the entire septum remaining attached to the axis.”—K1n@’s REport, Vol. V. Southern Texas; Nevada. Found in St. Clair county, two miles south of St. Louis, by Mr. H. Eggert.—Engelmann. CARYOPHYLLACE &. Wabash SAPONARTA ofjicinalis, L. Roadsides and waste places about gardens. | VACCARIA “There is a narrow-leaved variety”—Brendel. | vulgaris, Host. In wheat fields, along railroads, &e. Searee. | SILENE stellata, Ait. Woods. Common. nivea, DC. Sangamon county, Bebb; Peoria, Brendel ; along creeks in Hancock and Schuyler, Mead ; Ogle, Bebb. Also along railroad in Henderson county, and near Chicago, Babcock. Rare. inflata, Smith. Occasionally found in wheat fields. regia, Sims. 8. St. Clair county, Brendel. Rare. ~I PLANTS OF ILLINOIS. Virginica, L. | TALINUM Abundant on wooded banks of Despiaines River teretifolium, Pursh. | | near Chicago, Babcock. Rare. | Sandy prairies and barrens. Henderson county : | 1 2 : . . | Ogle, Bebb; near Dixon, Vasey. Rare, or over- antirrhina, L. looked. Easily found when the flowers are ex- Dry prairies and sandy barrens. Common. panded, about four o'clock in the afternoon. LYCHNIS | CLAYTONIA Githago, Lam. | Virginica, L. Wheat fields. Frequent. Rich woods. Common. ARENARIA | Caroliniana, Michx. stricta, Michx. N. With the Jast in Hancock county, Mead; near Kankakee county, Hill; Winnebago, Bebb: Mc- | Chicago, Vasey. Rare. Henry, Vasey ; Cook, Babcock. : lateriflora, IL. C.&N. | MALVACEAE. Damp woods. MHanco:k county, Mead: and | MALVA northward. Infrequent. | rotundifolia, L. | Roadsides and waste places. Common. STELLARIA | P media, Smith. | sylvestris, L. Damp places. Frequent. | Sparing'y escaped from gardens. longifolia, Mubl. CALLIRRHOE Wet meadows. Frequent. triangulata, Gray. crassifolia, Ehrh N. | Sandy barrens. Cass county, Mead; and north- - ” : : ward. Scarce. Ringwood, McHenry county, Vasey. | CERASTIUM ieponame: see le t 7 | dioica, L. C. & N. vulgatum, L. as Piha: z Frequent. Open bushy places near Peca‘onica, Winnebago es county, and along Railroad near Freeport, Bebb: oe, L. Frequent. McHenry county, Vasey ; Will, Munroe: Peoria. Brendel : along Spoon River, Fulton county. nutans, Raf. Mead, Wolf. Rare. De laces. Common. ds. a teeta MALVASTRUM oblongifolium, Torr. angustum, Gray. W. Wabash county, Schneck ; Lee, Vasey ; Kanka-_ On Rock Island, 1866—the locality now covered kee, Hill ; Winnebago, Bebb. Searee with buildings—Engelmann. SAGINA _ | SPHAIRALCEA subulata, Wimmer ? S. acerifolia, Nutt. N. Common in Jackson and Union counties, Vascy, “a Ee Forbes. ‘Apetalous late in the season Vasey | Penvrous wine 2 Ses BS og oe : : 2 ‘| eordate, deeply 5-7-lobed ; lobes acute, coarsely oleracea, L. Roadsides and waste places. Common in Hen- A common weed in gardens and fields. derson county ; Peoria, Brendel: and southward. ANYCHIA ° | serrate ; racemes leafy below, naked above, the f : flowers clustered on short peduncles: carpels dichotoma, _Michx. | 12-14, pointless. Stem 3-6 feet high, much Dry woods, &e. Common. | | branched : leaves 2-6 in. in diameter; petals | $-14 in. in length, light purple or nearly white.” MOLLUGO | —Kine’s Report, Vol. V. t1e] A pretty plant, formerly found only near the ies ticillata, L. Pacihe ae Discovered by Rey. Be. Hill on Roadsides, sandy river banks. Common. — an island in the Kankakee River near Altorf, | Kankakee county. PORTULACACEA. | — SIDA ORTULACA | spinosa, L. C. &. 5. | | 8 CATALOGUE OF THE ABUTILON Avicenne, Goertn. Fields and waste places. mon in many places. Becoming too com- HIBISCUS Moscheutos, L. River banks. bash, Schneck. 8. St. Clair county, Brendel: Wa- grandiflorus, Michx. S. River banks. Marion county, Bebb ; Washing- ton, French; Wabash, Schneck; and southward. militaris, Cav. C. & S. River banks. Henderson county ; Peoria, Mun- roe, Brendel ; Kankakee, Hill; and southward. Frequent. Trionum, L. Escaped from gardens to roadsides and waste places. Frequent. TILIACEA. TILIA Americana, IL. River banks. Common. var. pubescens, Gray. Fulton county, Wolf. heterophylla, Vent. Fulton county, Wolf: Wabash, Schneck. LINACE. LINUM Virginianum, L. Dry soils. McHenry, Vasey ; near Munroe ; and frequent southward. striatum, Walt. Richview, Washington county, Vasey. suleatum, Riddell. Prairies. ais Chicago, Frequent. GERANIACE 4. GERANIUM maculatum, L. In woods. Common. Carolinianum, L. Throughout the State. Frequent. FLOERKEA proserpinacoides, Willd. Banks of streams, &c. Peoria county, Brendel, Wolf; near Chicago, Munroe, Babcock. Rare. IMPATIENS pallida, Nutt. Rich woods along streams. Common. fulva, Nutt. With the last. Common. OXALIS violacea, L. _ Dry prairies and hillsides. Common. stricta, L. Open woods, roadsides and waste places. Common. RUTACE. ZANTHOXYLUM Americanum, Mill. Rocky hillsides and banks of streams. Frequent. | PTELEA | trifoliata, L. Banks of streams. Common. | ANACARDIACE&. -RHUS typhina, L. Chicago, Vasey : Wabash county, Schneck ; i herb. Miss Holmes from Bureau county. Rare. glabra, L. Hillsides. Common. copallina, L. Rocky hillsides. Ogle county, Bebb; McHenry, Vasey ; Chicago, Babcock: also from Adams county, Mead, southward. | venenata, DC. N. _ Swamps, McHenry county, Vasey : near Chicago, | Babcock. Toxicodendron, L. | Rich woods along streams, &c. Common. | aromatica, Ait. Sandy river banks. Infrequent. VITACEA. | VITIS zestivalis, Michx. | Woods along streams. Common, PLANTS OF ILLINOIS. ¢) var. ? cinerea, Engelm. River banks. Common at Canton !anding on the Illinois River, Fulton county, Wolf: Menard, Ha!l ; and southward. cordifolia, Michx. Woods. Common. riparia, Michx. With the last. indivisa, Willd. C. & S. River banks. Schuyler county, Mead: St. Clair, Brendel ; Jackson and Union, Vasey, French, Forbes. bipinnata, T. & G. S. Near Chester, Randolph county, Mead ; Tower, Jackson county, French. Forbes : Union, Wolf. and Pulaski, Brendel. AMPELOPSIS quinquefolia, Michx. Woods. Common. RHAMNACE. RHAMNUS lanceolatus, Parsh. C. River banks. From Henderson, Hancock and _ Menard counties eastward. Infrequent. alnifolius, L’ Her. N. Swamps. Peoria county, Bendel: McHenry, Vasey. Rare. FRANGULA Caroliniana, Gray. S. River banks. Grand Tower. Jackson county, Vasey, Brendel, &<.; Union, Wo'f. CEANOTHUS Americanus, L. Dry prairies and barrens. Common. ovalis, Bigel. N. Winnebago county, near Beloit, Wis.. Bebb. CELASTRACE. CELASTRUS scandens, L. Woods along streams. Common. EUONYMUS atropurpureus, Jacq. Rich woods. Common. Americanus, L. Near Chicago, Babcock ; Wabash Co., Schneck. Rare. Grand | var. obovatus, T. & G. Riverside, Cook county, Babcock, Munroe: Jack- son county, Vasey. Rare. SAPINDACE %. STAPHYLEA trifolia, IL. Woods along streams. Frequent. ASCULUS glabra, Willd. OM gt. River banks. Henderson county ; Peoria, Bren- del ; and southward. Common. A tree with smooth fruit near Oquawka. ACER saccharinum, Wang. River banks. Common. var. nigrum, Gray. C.&S. Hancock county, Mead ; and southward. dasycarpum, Ehrh. River banks. Common. rubrum, L. River banks. Marion county, Bebb; and com- mon southward. NEGUNDO aceroides, Mcench. River banks. Common. POLYGALACE.E. POLYGALA incarnata, L. Prairies. Searce. sanguinea, L. Wet meadows. Common. cruciata, L. N. Borders of swamps. Lee county, Vasey: Kan- kakee, Hill; and northward. Frequent. verticillata, L. Dry prairies and barrens. Common. ambigua, Nutt. Chicago, Vasey ; Hancock county, Mead: Ma- rion, Bebb ; Washington, French. Senega, L. Prairies and open woods. var. latifolia, T. & G. With the typical form in Henderson county ; Marion county, Bebb. Common. 10 CATALOGUE OF THE polygama, Walt. C. &N. Cass county, Mead: Kankakee, Hill; Chicago, Babcock. Scarce. paucitolia, Willd. N. Thornton, Cook county, Hill. Rare. LEGUMINOS 2. LUPINUS perennis, L. Kankakee county, Hill; Ogle, Bebb ; McHenry, Miss Holmes ; common about Chicago, Babcock. [ do not hear of it southward. CROTALARIA sagittalis, L. C.&S. Peoria county, Brendel; Cass, Mead ; and com- | mon southward. TRIFOLIUM arvense, L. Roadsides, &e. Scarce. pratense, L. Common in fields, &e. reflexum, L. Near Chicago, Babcock; Peoria county, Brendel; Fulton, Wolf ; Marion, Bebb ; Jackson and Union, Forbes. Scarce. stoloniferum, Muhl. Hancock county, Mead ; Washington, French. repens, L. Everywhere. MELILOTUS officinalis, Willd. Waste places. Scarce. alba, Lam. Waste places about gardens. Frequent. PSORALEA Onobrychis, Nutt. River banks. cock, Mead; Peoria, Brendel ; and southward. Searce. S. and south- melilotoides, Michx. Marion, Bebb: St. ward. floribunda, Nutt. Cook county, Babcock, and Will, Hill: Pecria, Brendel : Hancock, Mead; Menard, Hall. Rare. Clair, Brendel : DALEA alopecuroides, Willd. Union, Vasey. S. St. Clair county, Brendel} : Kankakee (abundant) Hill; Han- | PETALOSTEMON violaceus, Michx. Prairies. Common. candidus, Michx. Prairies. Common. foliosus, Gray. Banks of Fox River, Kane county, Burgess Truesdell, in Gray’s Manual; on the gravelly banks of an island in the Kankakee River, near Altorf, Kankakee county. Rev. Hill found a few plants in 1873. Very rare. /AMORPHA fruticosa, LL. Banks of streams. Frequent. canescens, Nutt. Prairies and barrens. Common. | ROBINIA Pseudacacia, L. S. Commonly cultivated and spontaneous. ‘“Un- doubtedly indigenous on the banks of the Ohio,” Vasey, Forbes. | WISTARIA | frutescens, DC. S. | Washington county, French ; Wabash, Schneck. | TEPHROSIA | Virginiana, Pers. Prairies and barrens. Common. | ASTRAGALUS | Mexicanus, A. DC. S. | Near Alton, Miss Holmes: St. Clair county, Brendel. Plattensis, Nutt., var. Tennesseensis, Gray. Sandy banks of Rock River, Ogle county, 1858, but not since found, Bebb: Will county, Vasey. Canadensis, L. Banks of streams. Common. | distortus, T. & G. Mason county, Mead, Bebb: Menard, Hall. DESMODIUM nudiflorum, DC. Woods. Common. acuminatum, DC. Woods. Common. pauciflorum, DC. Woods. Near Chicago, Munroe : del; and southward. Peoria, Bren- Searee. PLANTS OF ILLINOIS. 11 rotundifolium, DC. S. Jackson county, French, Vasey ; Union, Forbes. canescens, DC. Damp places. Frequent. cuspidatum, T. & G. Woods. Frequent. A hairy form of this species found in Marion county, Bebb ; Fulton, Woif. levigatum, DC. S. Jackson county, and southward, Vasey. viridiflorum, Beck. S. Washington county, French: Wabash, Schneck ; and southward. Dillenii, Darlington. Peoria county, Brendel; Kankakee, Hill; and southward. paniculatum, DC. Peoria county, Brendel ; and southward. Canadense, DC. Open woods and prairies. Common. Illinoense, Gray. “Resembling D. CANESCENS in leaves and flow- ers, but D, RigtpuM in raceme and fruit. Stem 3-5 feet high, with the leaves roughish with fine | pubescence, leaflets ovate-oblong or ovate-lance- olate, 2-4 inches long, subcoriaceous, whitish be- neath, much reticulated with rather prominent veins and veinlets, lateral nearly equalling the petiole; persistent stipules and deciduous bracts ovate-lanceolate, taper pointed, striate; pod slightly staiked, scarcely more than an inch in length, sinuate at the sutures on both sides, more deeply below, joints 3-5, oval, not exceeding 3 lines in length.” Dry prairies and hillsides, from Marion county (Bebb) northward. Frequent. sessilifolium, T. & G. Dry hillsides, &c. Frequent. rigidum, DC. S. Dry hillsides, &c., southward, Vasey, Schneck. | eiliare, DC. C. & S. Menard county, Hall: and southward. Marilandicum, Boott. C. & S. Menard county, Hall; and southward. LESPEDEZA procumbens, Michx. Cobden, Union county, and southward, Vase repens, T. & G. Washington county and southward, Vasey. S: y- S. violacea, Pers. Dry woods. Common. The vars. DIVERGENS, SESSILIFLORA and AN- GUSTIFOLIA all occur in the State. hirta, Ell. Washington county, Vasey: and southward. capitata, Michx. Dry prairies and barrens. Common. var. angustifolia, Gray. Winnebago county, Bebb ; Hancock, Mead. McHenry, Vasey : _STYLOSANTHES elatior, Swartz. Jackson and Union counties. VICIA Caroliniana, Walt. Common in northern counties. N. Americana, Muhl. C. & N. | Peoria county, Brendel ; and common north. | LATHYRUS maritimus, Bigel. N-E. Sands of lake shore about Chicago, Babcock. venosus, Muhl. N Kankakee county, Hill ; and northward. ochroleucus, Hook. N. About Chicago, Munroe, Babcock; McHenry. Vasey. palustris, L. Low grounds. Frequent. var. myrtifolius, Gray. N. Kankakee county, Hill; near Chicago, Babcock. APIOS tuberosa, Moench. Woods along streams. Frequent. Very rare.y found in fruit in Illinois. PHASEOLUS perennis, Walt. Madison Co., Miss Holmes ;: Union and Franklin, Forbes. S. Wabash, Schneck : diversifolius, Pers. Sandy river banks. Common. helvolus, L. C. & S. Peoria county, Brendel ; and southward. pauciflorus, Benth. Banks of Rock River in Ogle county, Bebb: and southward. 4 [iy CATALOGUE OF THE CLITORIA Mariana, L. Frequent in thickets in Jackson county, Forbes. AMPHICARPZA monoica, Nutt. Rich woods. Common. (GALACTIA mollis, Michx. S. Jackson county and southward, Forbes. BAPTISIA tinctoria, R. Br. Northern counties, Miss Holmes. leucantha, T. & G. Low prairies. Common. leucophzea, Nutt. Sandy prairies and barrens. Common. CERCIS Canadensis, L. C. & S. River banks. Henderson, Peoria and Kanka- kee counties, and southward. Common. CASSIA Marilandica, L. River banks. Frequent. obtusifolia, L. S. Banks of the Ohio, Vasey, Brendel. Chameecrista, L. Sandy river banks, &c. Common. C. & S. nictitans, L. Sandy barrens. Henderson county : ward. GYMNOCLADUS Canadensis, Lam. Near Chicago, Babcock ; Peoria county, Brendel; Henderson ; and southward. Frequent. GLEDITSCHIA triacanthos, L. C. &S. River banks, from Kankakee, Peoria and Hen- derson counties southward. Common. monosperma, Walt. S. Jackson county, Forbes ; Union, near Jonesboro, Vasey ; Pulaski, Brendel. Rare. DESMANTHUS brachylobus, Benth. C. & 8. Kankakee county, Hill; Peoria, Brendel, Mun- | roe ; and southward. and south- ROSACE AK. PRUNUS Americana, Marshall. Low grounds. Common. Chicasa, Michx. S. West of Jonesboro, Union county, Vasey. pumila, L. N. Sandstone cliffs, Ogle county, Bebb; Kankakee, Hill ; and northward. Pennsylvanica, L. N. Winnebago county, Bebb; McHenry, Vasey ; Lake shore near Chicago, H. A. Warne. Virginiana, L. Banks of streams. Common. serotina, Ehrh. Rich woods. Common. SPIRHA opulifolia, TL. Rocky banks of streams. Frequent. salicifolia, Raf. Low grounds. Frequent. tomentosa, L. Kankakee county, Hill : near Chicago, Babcock. lobata, Murr. C. Peoria county, Brendel; Fulton, Wolf; Taze- well, Munroe ; Mason, Hall: Cass, Mead. I do not hear of it north or south. Aruncus, I. C. & S. Woods. Peoria, Brendel; and southward. | GILLENTA stipulacea, Nutt. C. & 8. Schuyler county, Mead: Sangamon, Bebb; and southward. POTERIUM Canadense, Gray. Near Beardstown, Cass county, Mead. AGRIMONIA * Eupatoria, L. Open woods. Common. parviflora, Ait. With the last. Frequent. | @EUM album, Gmelin. Woods. Common. 13 N. PLANTS OF ILLINOIS. ae oe Virginianum, L. EO ines He . Woods. Infrequent. triflor oe Richard. : Kane county, Miss Holmes ; Cook county, near macrophyllum, Willd. NG Evanston, Vasey, Calumet, Babcock. McHenry county, Vasey. strictum, Ait. C. & N. Wet meadows. Fulton county, Wolf; Kanka- kee, Hill: and northward. vernum, T. & G. C. & S. Hancock county, Mead ; and southward. Rare. rivale, L. N. Near Elgin, Kane county, Vasey; McHenry, | Rare. triflorum, Pursh. N. McHenry county, Vasey ; Winnebago, Bebb. “One of the few rare plants of our northern prairies which seems thus far to hold its place— growing as it does on sterile knolls too stony to plow and too poor to give blue grass a chance for Miss Holmes. encroachment; either cattie leave it alone or else | the leaves lie so flat on the ground as to escape pasturage.”—Bebb. POTENTILLA Norvegica, L. Low grounds. Common. paradoxa, Nutt. S-W. St. Clair county, Brendel. Canadensis, L. Dry hillsides, &e. Common. arguta, Pursh. C. & N. Prairies. Menard county, Hall: and northward. Anserina, L. N. Common in damp sandy soil along lake shore | about Chicago. fruticosa, L. N. Low grounds about Chicago, Babcock, and Kane | county, Miss Holmes. palustris, Scop. N. McHenry county, Vasey. FRAGARIA Virginiana, Ehrh. Hillsides and barrens. Common. var. Illinoensis, Gray. With the typical form ; scarce, or not distin- guished from it by most persons. vesea, L. Shady hillsides, &e. Apparently scarce. | | | } | strigosus, Michx. Ogle county, Bebb ; McHenry, Vasey ; Chicago, Babcock ; also in Washington county, French. occidentalis, L. Open woods. Common. villosus, Ait. With the last. Common. Canadensis, L. Near Chicago, Babcock. Menard county, Hall: and southward. Probably rare northward. hispidus, L. N. Kankakee county, Hill: Chicago, Babcock. ROSA setigera, Michx. C. &S. Peoria county, Brendel; and southward. Carolina, L. Low grounds, throughout. lucida, Ehrh. Hillsides, &e. blanda, Ait. With the last. Frequent. Common. Common. CRATAGUS cordata, Ait. Wabash county, Schneck. coccinea, L. Woods. Common. tomentosa, L: var. pyrifolia, Gray. Kankakee county, Hill. var. punctata, Gray. Frequent. var. mollis, Gray. Frequent. Crus-galli, L. Woods. Common. PYRUS coronaria, L. Banks of streams. Common. angustifolia, Ait. 8. Washington county, French : Wabash, Schneck. arbutifolia, L. N. Kankakee county, Hill: Ogle, Bebb. 14 CATALOGUE OF THE AMELANCHIER Canadensis, T. & G. : var. Botryapium, Gray. Rocky banks of streams. Frequent. var. oblongifolia, Gray. Cliffs near Oregon, Ogie county, Bebb ; da, Jackson county, French. Makan- var. rotundifolia, Gray. Near Chicago, Babcock ; Fouutain Bluff, Jack- son county, French. var. alnifolia, Gray. Ogle county, Bebb. SAXIFRAGACE A. RIBES Cynosbati, L. C. & N. Rocky banks of streams. Henderson county : Kankakee, Hill; and northward. hirtellum, Michx. Ne Evanston, Cook county, Vasey. rotundifolium, Michx. CO aN: Open woods. Henderson, Peoria and Kankakee counties ; and northward. floridum, L. Rich woods along streams. Frequent. I do not hear of it south of Menard county. HYDRANGEA arborescens, L. C. & 8. Peoria county, Brendel, Munroe: and southward. PARNASSIA Caroliniana, Michx. Marion county, Bebb; and northward. Frequent. SAXIFRAGA Pennsylvanica, L. C.& N. 3ogs. Peoria county, Brendel: and northward. Common. Forbesi, Vasey. S. Damp hillside 1 mile north of Makanda, Jack- son county, east side of railroad—May. June Forbes : Cobden, Union county, Vasey. HEUCHERA Rugellii, Shuttlew. S. Common on Union county bluffs, July and Aug, Forbes ; Jackson county, French. Americana, L. Marion county, Bebb: and southward. Rocky woods. Schneck. Damp woods. Brendel ; and frequent northward. LIQUIDAMBAR hispida, Pursh. Hillsides. Marion county, Bebb; and north- ward. Frequent. MITELLA diphylla, L. Damp hillsides. Scarce. CRASSULACE &. PENTHORUM sedoides, L. Wet places. Common, SEDUM pulchellum, Michx. © S. Jackson and Union counties, Vasey, French. ternatum, Michx. Kankakee county, Hill; Wabash, Rare. HAMAMELACE%. HAMAMELIS Virginiea, L. White county, Schneck; Peoria, Styraciflua, L. S. Wabash and Jackson counties, and southward. HALORAGE 4. MYRIOPHYLLUM spicatum, L. McHenry county, in Fox river, Vasey. verticillatum, L. C. & N. Menard county, Hall; McHenry, Vasey. heterophyllum, Michx. McHenry county, Vasey ; Hancock, Mead. Rare. C. & 8. Menard, Hall ; Rare. scabratum, Michx. Henderson county, frequent ; Franklin, Forbes. ambiguum, Nutt., var. capillaceum, Gray. S. Wabash county, Schneck. PROSERPINACA palustris, L. Swamps. Searce. PLANTS OF ILLINOIS. HIPPURIS vulgaris, L. Wabash county, Sehneck ; McHenry, Vasey. Very rare. ONAGRACE.. CIRCAHA Lutetiana, LL. Rich woods. GAURA biennis, L. Dry places. EPILOBIUM angustifolium, L. Common. Common. aa Low places. - Winnebago and McHenry counties. palustre, L.. var. lineare, Gray. C. & N. Low grounds. Menard county, Hall ; and north- ward. Frequent. molle, Torr. C. & N. With the last. ecoloratum, Muhl. Low grounds. Common. CNOTHERA biennis, L. Dry copses, fields, &c. Common. Varieties MURICATA, GRANDIFLORA, PARVIFLORA | and cRUCIATA are found in the State. rhombipetala, Nutt. Sandy prairies and barrens. Hall; frequent in Henderson; near Chicago, Babcock, Vasey ; Ogle county, Bebb. Scaree. fruticosa, L. Low prairies, &c. Frequent. linearis, Michx. S. Carbondale, Jackson county, Forbes. Missouriensis, Sims. S. Near Nashville, Washington county, Vasey. JUSSIAA repens, L. S. Jonesboro, Union county, Miss Ho!mes : Mound | City, Vasey. decurrens, DC. S. Perry and Union counties, Forbes. LUDWIGIA alternifolia, L. Low grounds. Frequent. Menard county, | spheerocarpa, Ell. Chicago, Dr. Scammon, in herb. M. 8. Bebb : Menard county, Hall; Union, Forbes; Mound City, Miss Holmes. Rare. polycarpa, Short & Peter. Wet places. Common. cylindrica, Ell. S. Mound City, Vasey. palustris, Ell. Ponds and ditches. Common. | MELASTOMACE.X. RHEXIA Virginica, L. Lee county, Vasey: Kankakee, Hill; Mason, | Bebb; Cass, Mead ; and probably southward. Rare. LYTHRACE A. AMMANNIA humilis, Michx. | Margins of ponds, &e. Scarce. latifolia, L. C. & S. Wet places. Henderson county ; Peoria, Mun- roe, Brendel ; Kankakee, Hill: and southward. Frequent. Nuttalliiy Gray. In ponds, and rooting in their margins as the water evaporates. Henderson county ; Hancock, Mead ; Menard, Hall. Rare. | LYTHRUM alatugg Pursh. Common. | Wet places. NESHA verticillata, H. B. K. Low grounds. Near Chicago, Vasey ; Wabash county, Schneck ; Franklin, Forbes. Rare. | CUPHEA | viscosissima, Jacq. C. & S. Dry places. Hancock county, Mead; Peoria, Brendel ; and southward. | LOASACE 2. | MENTZELIA oligosperma, Nutt. Prairies. W. Pike county, Mead. 16 CATALOGUE OF THE CACTACEA, | OPUNTIA Rafinesquii, Engelm. Sandy prairies and barrens. Frequent. PASSIFLORACE A. PASSIFLORA lutea, L. S. Damp woods. Madison and St. Clair counties, Miss Holmes, Brendel : Marion, Bebb ; Wabash, Scehneck ; and southward. Frequent. CUCURBITACE.X. SICYOS angulatus, L. River banks. Common. ECHINOCYSTIS lobata, T. & G. Banks of streams. UMBELLIFER%. SANICULA Canadensis, L. Open woods. Marilandica, L. With the last. ERYNGIUM yucceefolium, Michx. Prairies. Common. Common. Common. Common. DAUCUS Carota, L. Sparingly escaped from gardens to roadsides and waste places. POLYTANITA Nuttallu, DC. Prairies and barrens. Scarce. HERACLEUM lanatum, Michx. Damp places. Common. PASTINACA SQUbUG, Roadsides and waste places. Common. ARCHEMORA rigida, DC. Also the var. AMBIGUA, Gray. Wet prairies, ravines, &¢. Roots tuberiferous. Searce. ARCHANGELICA hirsuta, T. & G. S. Washington Co., and southward, Vasey, Forbes. Rare. C. & N. Kankakee, Hill ; atropurpurea, Hoffm. Low grounds, Fulton, Wolf; and northward. CONIOSELINUM Canadense, T. & G. Elgin, Kane county, Vasey. Ne THASPIUM barbinode, Nutt. Rich woods. Scarce. aureum, Nutt. River banks, &e. Common. var. apterum, Gray. Winnebago and Marion counties, Bebb. trifoliatum, Gray. Open woods, &c. Scarce. var. atropurpureum, T. & G. Menard county, Hall ; and southward. var. apterum, Gray. Winnebago and Marion counties, Bebb. | ZIZIA integerrima, DC. Dry hillsides. Frequent. | DISCOPLEURA capillacea, DC. Mound City, Vasey. var? costata, DC. S. St. Clair county, Brendel ; Mound City, Vasey. Nuttalli, DC. S. Jackson and Union counties, Forbes, Wolf. S. CICUTA maculata, L. Low grounds. Common. bulbifera, L. N. Peoria county, Brendel; Stephenson and Win- nebago, Miss Holmes ; McHenry, Vasey. SIUM angustifolium, L. C. & N. Fulton county, Wolf; Peoria, (frequent), Bren- de!: Winnebago, (rare), Bebb; McHenry, Vasey. “T have found this in northern I]linois invari- ably associated with Miuuxius James.’ —Lebb. PLANTS OF ILLINOIS. Ey st, : lineare, Michx. circinata, L’ Her. Panda. Common. Near Elgin, Kane county, Vasey ; once found Bee ound near Peoria, Brendel. Rare. CRYPTOTANIA ‘ : 2 stolonifera, Michx. C. &N. Canadensis, DC. Low grounds. Menard county, Hall: and north- ands. Common. — ward. Common. CHHROPHYLLUM asperifolia, Michx. C. & SB. procumbens, Lam. Peoria and Henderson counties, and southward. Date spots Common, In Henderson county it grows mostly in river oe : bottoms—rarely in dry places. Common. oo 2 me DC paniculata, L’ Her. ongisty lis, ,, Woods along streams. Common. Rich woods. Frequent. ee ee DC alternifolia, L. brev isty 118, ; | Open woods, especially along streams. Appar- Rich woods. Frequent. | ently rare southward. CONIUM | NYSSA maculatum, L : multiflora, Wang. S. Waste places. Elgin, Kane county, Vasey, and MRE Chicago, Babcock ; Wabash, Schneck. Washington county, French; Wabash, Schneck : ; and southward. EULOPHUS Americanus, Nutt. CAPRIFOLIACE AA. Moist thickets, throughout. Scarce. | ; | LINNAA ERIGENTIA - borealis, Gronov. N. bulbosa, Nutt. . - C. & S. | North of Chicago, Vasey. Hancock county, Mead ; and southward. ; | SYMPHORICARPUS ARALIACE ®. occidentalis, R. Br. Wabash county, Schneck ; Washington, French : ARALIA | McHenry, Vasey. Rare. spinosa, L. S. beeen ag Jackson and Union counties, and southward. ad ‘ L. flava, Sims. C. & N. racemosa, s Rocky banks of streams. Menard county, Hall: Rich woods. Common. | and northward. Frequent. nudicaulis, L. | parviflora, Lam. C. & N. Rich woods. Frequent. With the last. Hancock county, Mead ; Peoria, . . _ Brendel ; and probably northward. quinquefolia, Gray. | z Rich woods. Infrequent. . | var. Douglasi, Gray. N. Deer Park, La Salle county, Forbes ; and north- CORNACESZ. | ward. Frequent. CORNUS DIERVILLA : rl Meench. Canadensis, L. N. . : ae ee < Se By ee Munroe; Winnebago SO Nat ag | Je icago, Babcock, pee v- florida, L Re saa b] 2 4 ss . Woods. Schuyler county, Mead ; and south- perfohatum, L. ward. Frequent. Rich woods. Frequent. sericea, L. | angustifolium, L. S. Wet places. Common. _ §&t. Clair county, Brendel ; Union, French. 18 CATALOGUE OF THE SAMBUCUS DIODIA Canadensis, L. Virginica, L. S. River banks, borders of woods, &e. Frequent. River banks. Marion county, Vasey ; and south- | ward. VIBURNUM Lentago, L. teres, Walt. C. &S. Dry, sandy places. Hancock county, Mead ; Banks of streams, &c. yeceent.-8 | end southward. prunifolium, L. CEPHALANTHUS Dry copses. Scarce northward. occidentalis. L ae dentatum, L. Wet places. Common. River banks. Scarce. MITCHELLA pubescens, Pursh. N. repens, L Ts = Fil : ; Winnebago county, Bebb ; McHenry, Vasey. Damp hillsides at Makanda, Jackson county, acerifolium, L. N. sis aS Near Chicago, Babcock ; Winnebago Co., Bebb; | HOUSTONIA McHenry, Vasey. purpurea, i C. & S. Opulus, 1: N. Woods. Menard county, Hall; and southward. Near Chicago, Munroe, Babcock. var. ciliolata, Gray. Marion county, Brendel. AK. pyee ; RUBIACE angustifolia, Michx. S. GALIUM Jackson and Union counties, Vasey, Forbes. Aparine, L. minima, Beck. We Moist thickets. Common, especially northward. Dry hillsides, western Illinois, Gray’s Manual. asprellum, Michx. ceerulea, L. Moist thickets. Washington county, French ; Near Chicago, Babcock ; St. Clair county, Bren- Wabash, Schneck ; McHenry, Vasey. Scarce. del ; Washington and southward, Vasey. SOD TEI -VALERIANACEA). Dry prairies and hillsides, also in rich woods. Common. VALERIANA trifidum, L. pauciflora, Michx. S. Wet places. Common. Woods. Wabash county, Schneck; Jackson, triflorum, Michx. Vasey ; and southward. Rich woods. Common. edulis, Nutt. N. . 7 Abundant in one locality south-west of Hyde pilosum, Ait. C. & 8. Park, Cook county, Babcock : Winnebago, Bebb; Dry copses. Cass county, Mead: and southward. McHenry, Vasey. circeezans, Michx. FEDIA Rich woods. Common. radiata, Michx. lanceolatum, Torr. Low grounds. y Frequent. Wabash county, Schneck. umbilicata, Sulliv. boreale, L. N. Banks of Kankakee river, Kankakee county, Hill. Near Chicago, Babcock ; Winnebago county, Bebb ; McHenry, Vasey. DIPSACEZ2. SPERMACOCE DIPSACUS glabra, Michx. C. & 8. sylvestris, Mill. River banks. Peoria county, Brendel; Fulton, Waste places. Wabash county, Schneck; Fre- Wolf; and southward. quent in McHenry, Vasey. PLANTS COMPOSIT.X. VERNONIA Noveboracensis, Willd. River banks. Hancock county, Mead. fasciculata, Michx. River banks. Common. ELEPHANTOPUS Carolinianus, Willd. S. St. Clair county, Brendel; Marion, Bebb; and southward. Frequent. LIATRIS squarrosa, Willd. Cook county, Munroe, Hill ; and southward. Frequent. eylindracea, Michx. Prairies. Common. seariosa, Willd. Prairies and barrens. Common. spicata, Willd. Moist prairies. McHenry county, Vasey : Cook, Babeock, Hill. Rare. pycnostachya, Michx. Prairies. Common. KUHNIA eupatorioides, [. Prairies and barrens. Common. EUPATORIUM purpureum, L. Low grounds. Common. altissimum, L. Dry hillsides, &e. Common. sessilifolium, L. C. & S§. Peoria county, Brendel; Hancock, Mead; and southward. perfoliatum, L. Wet places. Common. serotinum, Michx. River banks, throughout. Common. ageratoides, L. Rich woods. Common. aromaticum, L. S. Jackson county, French. MIKANTA scandens, IL. S. Wabash county, Schneck. OF ILLINOIS. 19 | CONOCLINIUM celestinum, DC. C. & S. _ Mason county, Mead; Menard, Hall; and south- ward. Frequent. ASTER | corymbosus, Ait. | Woods. Menard county, Hall ; Hancock, Mead: | Peoria, Brendel. Scarce. macrophyllus, L. IN. Near Chicago, Babcock, Munroe. sericeus, Vent. Prairies and barrens. Common. patens, Ait. S. Union and Wabash counties ; and southward. levis, L. var. levigatus, Gray. Dry open woods. Common northward. var. cyaneus, Gray. With the last. turbinellus, Lindl. C. & S. Prairies and barrens. Hancock county, Mead ; Menard, Hall; St. Clair, Brendel ; Union, French. Rare. azureus, Lindl. Prairies and copses. Shortii, Boott. Frequent. Rich woods. Winnebago county, Bebb; Han- cock, Mead; Peoria, Brendel ; and southward, Vasey. Scarce. | undulatus, L. Dry copses. Common. Drummondii, Lindl. Wooded hillsides, &c., throughout. Frequent. Runs into A. UNDULATUS. cordifolius, L. Woods. Frequent. sagittifolius, Willd. Dry hillsides, &c. Common. ericoides, L. Dry open places. Frequent. var. villosus, Ait. With the typical form. Frequeng. multiflorus, Ait. Dry prairies and barrens. Common. dumosus, L. Thickets. Frequent. 20) CATALOGUE OF THE Tradeseanti, L. Damp places. Frequent. miser, L. Woods and open damp places. Common. simplex, Willd. Woods, and open places in low grounds. Common. tenuifolius, L. Low grounds, Frequent. carneus, Nees. Damp places. Frequent. zestivus, ‘Ait. McHenry county, Vasey: Peoria, Brendel. longifolius, Lam. Moist places. Near Chicago, Babcock ; Kanka- kee county, Hill; Peoria, Brendei. puniceus, L. Low thickets, &c. Scarce. var. vimineus, Gray. Winnebago county, Bebb: also in Henderson. prenanthoides, Muhl. Fulton county, Brendel, Wolf. oblongifolius, Nutt. River banks. Frequent. amethystinus, Nutt. Peoria county, Brendel; Fulton, Wolf ; Menard, Hall. Rare. Nove-Angliz, L. Moist ravines, &e. Common. anomalus, Engelm. W. Rocky hillsides. Peoria county, Brendel; Ful- ton, Wolf; Hancock, Mead: St. Clair, Engel- mann. Scarce. acuminatus, Michx. N. McHenry county, Vasey. ptarmicoides, T. &G. CC. &N. Prairies. Menard county, Hall: and northward. ERIGERON Canadense, L. Waste places. Common. divaricatum, Michx. Dry roadsides, prairies, &c., throughout the State. Common. bellidifolium, Muhl. Moist hillsides. Common. | -Philadelphicum, L. Moist places. Common. annuum, Pers. Low grounds. Common. strigosum, Muhl. Prairies and fields. Common. DIPLOPAPPUS linarufolius, Hook. Dry prairies and barrens. Common. umbellatus, T. & G. Moist thickets. northward. BOLTONIA glastifolia, L’ Her. Low grounds. Common. var. ? decurrens, T. & G. Leaves elongated lanceolate, rather thin, de- current on the stem! the broad decurrent por- tions usually terminated by short and triangular divaricate lobes, thus appearing sagittate. * Perhaps a distinct species.—Flora N. A., II, 188. Fulton county, Wolf. diffusa, L’Her. S. Washington county, Vasey ; St. Clair, Brendel ; and southward. SOLIDAGO bicolor, L. McHenry county, Vasey ; Union, Forbes. latifolia, L. C. &N. Menard county, Hall ; and north- C. & N. Menard county, Hall; and Rich woods. ward. Frequent. ceesia, L. Rich woods. Scarce. stricta, Ait. Winnebago county, Bebb. N. Wet places. speciosa, Nutt. Prairies and barrens. Common. petiolaris, Ait. Rocky bluffs opposite St. Louis, Engelmann. Virga-aurea, L. var. humilis, Gray. Ne Near Chicago, Babcock. rigida, L. Dry prairies and barrens. Common. Ohioensis, Riddell. N. Moist prairies. Peoria county, Brendel; and northward. PLANTS OF ILLINOIS. 21 Riddellii, Frank. Low prairies. Frequent. neglecta, T. & G. N. Wet places. Peoria county, Brendel ; near Chi- cago, Babeock ; McHenry county, Vasey. patula, Muhl. Swamps. Searce. arguta, Ait. Prairies. Near Chicago, Babcock ; Peoria coun- ty, Brendel ; Washington, French. Scarce. Muhlenbergii, T. & G. Near Chicago, Babcock. altissima, L. Hancock county, Mead; Fulton, Wolf: southern Illinois, Vasey. ulmifolia, Muhl. Low copses. Common. Drummondi, T. & G. S. Rocky hillsides opposite St. Louis, Engelmann. odora, Ait. S. Wabash county, Schneck. nemoralis, Ait. Prairies and barrens, Common. radula, Nutt. W. With the last species. Henderson county ; Ful- ton, Wolf; Menard, Hall. Missouriensis, Nutt. Prairies. Common. Canadensis, L. Borders of woods, fields, &e. Common. serotina, Ait. Woods, and open places in low grounds. Common. gigantea, Ait. With the last. Common. lanceolata, L. Low grounds. Common. tenuifolia, Pursh. Dry places, throughout. Frequent. CHRYSOPSIS villosa, Nutt. Prairies. Near Dixon, Vasey : Peoria county, Brendel; Mason, Mead, Bebb. INULA Helenium, L. Sparingly escaped from gardens to roadsides and waste places. PLUCHEA feetida, DC. S. River banks. Wabash and Jackson counties, and southward. Frequent. POLYMNIA Canadensis, L. Damp hillsides in woods. Searce. var. discoidea, Gray. Carroll county, Henry Shimer, in Gray’s Manual. Uvedalia, L. S. St. Clair county, Brendel ; Wabash, Schneck : and southward. CHRYSOGONUM Virginianum, L. Credited to Illinois in Gray’s Manual. SILPHIUM laciniatum, L. Prairies. Common. terebinthinaceum, L. Prairies. trifoliatum, L. Near Thornton, Cook county, Hill. Common. integrifolium, Michx. Prairies. Common. Var L&VE at Normal, McLean county, Hill. perfohatum, L. Rich soil along streams. Common. PARTHENIUM integrifolium, L. Prairies. Common. IVA ciliata, Willd. Union county, Forbes. AMBROSIA bidentata, Michx. C. & S. Prairies. Peoria county, Brendel: and south- ward. Frequent. trifida, L. River banks. Common. artemisizfolia, L. Fields, waste places, especially in low grounds. Common. psilostachya, DC. Dry prairies and barrens. Corhmon. 22 CATALOGUE OF THE XANTHIUM leetiflorus, Pers. strumarium, L. Dry prairies, throughout. Infrequent. Banks of streams. Common. ee: = S occidentalis, Riddell. var. echinatum, Gray. Dry prairies and barrens. Common. Near Chicago, Babcock, Vasey : Warsaw, Han- cock county, Mead. spinosum, L. Chicago, Cairo and Mound City, Vasey. ECLIPTA procumbens, Michx. C. & BS. River banks, from Kankakee, Peoria and Hen- | derson counties southward. HELIOPSIS leevis, Pers. Dry woods, &c. Common. Also the var. SCABRA. ECHINACEA purpurea, Meench. Prairies. Common. angustifolia, DC. Prairies. Common. RUDBECKIA laciniata, L. Woods along streams. Frequent. subtomentosa, Pursh. Low prairies. Common. triloba, L. C. & S. Dry woods. Henderson, Peoria and Kankakee counties, and southward. speciosa, Wenderoth. C. &S. Menard county, Hall ; Wabash, Schneck. hirta, L. Dry prairies and woods. Common. Mr. Bebb has seen this with a yellow disk. LEPACHYS pinnata, T. & G. Dry prairies and woods. Common. HELIANTHUS annuus, L. Persistent about gardens. atrorubens, L. Washington Co., French ; ward. rigidus, Desf. Dry prairies. Common. and probably south- mollis, Lam. With the last. Rare northward. | microcephalus, T. & G. S. Wabash county, Schneck; Franklin, Forbes : and southward. giganteus, L. Low grounds. Near Chicago, Babcock ; Peoria county, Brendel ; Wabash, Schneck. grosse-serratus, Martens. | Prairies. Common. strumosus, LL. Woods and low grounds. Frequent. divaricatus, L. Dry woods, &c. Near Chicago, Babcock ; Han- cock county, Mead ; Wabash, Schneck. | hirsutus, Raf. Dry prairies, &c. tracheliifolius, Willd. Copses. Near Chicago, Babcock ; Peoria county, Brendel ; Wabash, Schneck. Searce. decapetalus, L. Moist copses. Frequent. doronicoides, Lam. Banks of streams. Common, tuwberosus, L. Sparingly escaped from gardens. ACTINOMERIS squarrosa, Nutt. Peoria county, Brendel ; southward. helianthoides, Nutt. Near Chicago, Babcock ; Peoria, Brendel: and southward. C. & S. Kankakee, Hill; and -COREOPSIS | auriculata, L. S. Rich woods. Washington county, Vasey ; and — southward. lanceolata, L. Rich soil. Frequent. palmata, Nutt. Dry prairies and barrens, Common. PLANTS OF ILLINOIS. 23 tripteris, L. LEPTOPODA j . = 2 | Open, dry woods. Common. | brachypoda, T. & G. CU. & 5S. : M | Barrens of Hancock county, Mead; and south- aristosa, Michx. NTS o §. Fr t Low ground requen MARUTA var. mutica, Gray. | Cotula, DC. With the typical form. Searce. Roadsides, &e. Common. trichosperma, Michx. | ACHILLEA Low grounds. McHenry county, Vasey ; near Millefolium, L. Chicago, Babcock ;: Fulton county, ey Bei ead cer heena Ranonod discoidea, T. & G. C. & 8S. | LEUCANTHEMUM Frequent in Mississippi bottoms in Henderson county ; Pulaski, Vasey. Rare. BIDENS frondosa, L. | Low grounds. Common. connata, Muhl. Low grounds. Common. Var. comosA is common along the Mississippi about Oquawka. cernua, L. IN: Wet places. Peoria and Henderson counties, and northward. | chrysanthemoides, Michx. Banks of streams. Becki, Torr. Illinois—Gray’s Manual. ; Common. C. & 8. and south- | bipinnata, L. In dry soil. Menard county, Hall; ward. VERBESINA Siegesbeckia, Michx. Banks of the Ohio, Vasey. Virginica, L. Tilinois—Gray’s Manual. DYSODIA chrysanthemoides, Lag. Roadsides and waste places. ~HYMENOPAPPUS scabioszeus, L’ Her. Barrens of Mason county, Mead, Hall. Common. ACTINELLA scaposa, Nutt., var. glabra, Gray. On an Indian mound at Joliet, Will county, Dr. | Seammon, W. Boott, in Gray’s Manual. HELENIUM autumnale, I. Banks of streams. Common. vulgare, Lam. Chicago, Babcock : Kankakee, Hill; once found at Peoria, Brendel; Cass county, Mead. Rare. MATRICARIA discoidea, DC. Opposite St. Louis, Engelmann. TANACETUM vulgare, L. Sparingly escaped from gardens to roadsides. We | ARTEMISIA dracunculoides, Pursh. Near Dixon, Lee county, Vasey. caudata, Michx. Sandy prairies and barrens. Common. Ludoviciana, Nutt. N. Henderson county ; Peoria, Brendel; and north- ward. serrata, Nutt. N. “Stem tall and herbaceous, leaves lanceolate, acuminate at either extremity, margin serrate, upper side smooth, under tomentose and white: fils. paniculate, partly glomerate, erect; calyx small cylindric-ovate, and nearly smooth. Stem 5 or 6 feet high: fils. very small; leaves 6 to 8 inches long and an inch wide, sharply but not very reguiarly serrate. Hab.: Near the Prairie du Chien, on the banks of the Mississippi, also on the banks of the Missouri, in open alluvial soil.”"—Nutr. Genera, IT, 142. Winnebago county, Bebb: McHenry, Vasey. biennis, Willd. Low grounds, espezially by roadsides. . Common. _GNAPHALIUM polycephalum, Michx. Dry woods, &c. Common. purpureum, L. McHenry county, Vasey: Fulton, Wolf: Peoria. (only once found), Brendel; Wabash, Schneck. 24 CATALOGUE OF THE ANTENNARIA margaritacea, R. Br. Not rare in Wabash county, Schneck. plantaginifolia, Hook. Dry open places. Common. ERECHTHITES hieracifolia, Raf. Woods. Common. CACALIA suaveolens, L. Rich woods. McHenry county, Vasey; Peoria and Fulton, Brendel, Wolf: Hancock, Mead ; Wabash, Schneck. Scarce. reniformis, Mubl. C. & S. Rich woods. Peoria county, Brendel; and south- ward. Scarce. atriplicifolia, L. Rich woods. Frequent. tuberosa, Nutt. Prairies. Frequent. SENECIO lobatus, Pers. Jackson county, French. S. aureus, L. Vars. BALSAMIT.® and OBOVATUS. Common. CIRSIUM lanceolatum, Scop. Roadsides. : Common. Pitcheri, T. &. G. N-E. Lake shore about Chicago, Babcock, Vasey. discolor, Spreng. Open woods, &e. Common. altissimum, Spreng. With the last species. Intermediate forms occur, probably hybrids—Bebb. Virginianum, Michx. var. filipendulum, Gray. Jackson and Union counties, French, Vasey. S. muticum, Michx. Woods in low grounds. Frequent. uumilum, Spreng. y) = Dry woods and fields. Scarce. arvense, Scop. Along railroads about Chicago, Babcock, Vasey: in one locality near Peoria, Brendel: Fulton county, Wolf. Fortunately rare as yet. Since the enactment of the Canada Thistle Law most of the other species have suffered at the hands of the Commissioners, especially LANCEOLATUM. /LAPPA officinalis, All., var. major. Roadsides and waste places. Common. KRIGIA | Virginica, Willd. Fulton county, Wolf; Mason, Brendel; Menard, Hall; and probably southward. | CYNTHIA | Virginica, Don. Prairies. Frequent. Dandelion, DC. S. Washington county, Vasey ; Wabash, Schneck ; and southward. | | TROXIMON | cuspidatum, Pursh. C. & N. Prairies. Menard county, Hall; and northward. ' Now extinct in many localities where it was once found. Scarce. HIERACIUM Canadense, Michx. N. Near Chicago, Babcock, Munroe; Winnebago county, Bebb ; McHenry, Vasey. | scabrum, Michx. Dry open woods. Scarce. longipilum, Torr. Prairies. Scarce. Gronovui, L. Dry woods. Scarce. | NABALUS albus, Hook. Rich woods. Frequent. altissimus, Hook. Boone county, French: not rare Rare. racemosus, Hook. C. & N. Menard county, Hall; and northward. Frequent. asper, T. & G. Prairies. Rich woods. in Wabash, Schneck. Frequent. C. & S. crepidineus, DC. Rich woods along streams. Henderson county ; Peoria and Fulton, Brende', Wolf; Hancock, Mead ; Menard, Hall: and probably southward. PLANTS OF ILLINOIS. TARAXACUM Dens-leonis, Desf. Fie'ds, roadsides, &c. Common. LACTUCA Canadensis, L. Rich soil. Common. var. integrifolia, T. & G. Dry open woods. Frequent. var. sanguinea, T. & G. Peoria and Fu'ton counties, Brendel, Wolf ;_ Wabash, Schneck. MULGEDIUM acuminatum, DC. C. & S. Peoria county, Brendel: and southward. Scarce. Floridanum, DC. Rich soil. leucopheum, DC. Low grounds. Chicago, Munroe : Wabash county, Schneck. SONCHUS oleraceus, L. Frequent. Waste places. Frequent. asper, Vill, Waste places. Frequent. LOBELIACE. LOBELIA cardinalis, L. River banks. Common. syphilitica, L. Low grounds. Common. puberula, Michx. S, Jackson county, Forbes. leptostachys, A. DC. C. & S. Peoria and Kankakee counties, and southward. inflata, I. Dry or damp woods and open p/aces. spicata, Lam. Prairies. Common. Kalmii, L. Ae Peoria county, Brendel ; Chicago, Babcock. CAMPANULACE &. CAMPANULA rotundifolia, L. Jackson county, French, and not rare north. 20 aparinoides, Pursh. Wet meadows. Common. divaricata, Michx. S. White county, rare, Schneck. Americana, L. Rich woods. Common. SPECULARIA perfoliata, A. DC. Dry open places. Common. ERICACE. | GAYLUSSACIA resinosa, T. & G. Ogle county, Bebb ; Kankakee, Hill; Chicago, Babcock ; also in Union county, Wolf. | VACCINIUM Winnebago county, Bebb ; near | macrocarpon, Ait. N. Swamps. Thornton, Cook county, Hill; Mce- Henry, Vasey. arboreum, Marshall. S. Jackson and Union counties, Vasey. Pennsylvanicum, Lam. N. Kankakee county, Hill. Canadense, Kalm. N. Near Dixon, Vasey ; Thornton, Cook co., Hill. vacillans, Solander. Dry woods. Near Thornton, Hill; Peoria county. Brendel ; Jackson and Union, French, Forbes. corymbosum, L. Winnebago county, Bebb. var. atrococcum, Gray. Near Dixon, Lee county, Vasey. ARCTOSTAPHYLOS Uva-ursi, Spreng. N. Peoria county, Brendel: near Chicago, Babcock. | Rare. /ANDROMEDA polifolia, IL. N. McHenry county, Vasey. | AZALEA nudiflora, L. S. Common in the Pine Hills, in the western part _ of Union county: it also occurs along bluffs bordering a littie stream on the road from South Pass to Anna.—Forbes. CATALOGUE OF THE PYROLA elliptica, Nutt. N. Rich woods. Near Chicago, Babcock: McHenry, Vasey : and other counties in the northern tier. chlorantha, Swartz. N. McHenry county, Vasey. CHIMAPHILA umbellata, Nutt. Jackson county, French; McHenry, Vasey. MONOTROPA uniflora, L. Rich woods. Frequent. AQUIFOLIACE.%. ILEX decidua, Walt. Low grounds. St. Clair county, Brendel ; bash, Schneck ; and southward. S. Wa- verticillata, Gray. Low grounds, throughout. EBENACE. Searce. DIOSPYROS Virginiana, L. Peoria county, Brendel; and southward. SAPOTACE 2. BUMELIA lycioides, Geertn. S. Low grounds. Union county, Wolf: and south- ward. S. lanuginosa, Pers. “Opposite St. Louis and southward’”—Gray’s Manual. PLANTAGINACE%. PLANTAGO mayor, L. Waste places. Common. sparsifiora, Michx. C. &S. Fulton county, Wolf; Menard, Hall; and south- ward. cordata, Lam. Wet places. Frequeut. lanceolata, L. Roadsides, &c., in a few localities. Virginica, L. Dry grounds. southward. Peoria county, Brendel; and pusilla, Nutt. C. &S8. Hancock county, Mead ; and southward. Patagonica, Jacq., var. avistata, Gray. S-W. Adams county, Mead: and southward. PRIMULACE 4. ANDROSACE occidentalis, Pursh. N. Hillsides. Fulton county, Wolf: Kankakee, Hill ; and northward. DODECATHEON | Meadia, L. Prairies and open rich woods. Frequent. var. Frenchii, Vasey. “Distinguished by its small size, few-flowered scape, and thin, broad ovate leaves, abruptly con- tracted into a margined petiole which is longer than the leaf.”—Vasey. Bluffs of Jackson and Union counties, French. | LYSIMACHIA thyrsiflora, L. Swamps and ponds. C. & N. Cass county, Mead; and northward. Scarce. stricta, Ait. Low grounds. Scarce. ciliata, L. Woods along streams. Common. lanceolata, Walt. Low grounds. Common. longifolia, Pursh. C. & N. Low grounds from Menard county northward. ANAGALLIS arvensis, L. A common garden weed about Athens, Menard county, Hall. | CENTUNCULUS minimus, L. C. & S. Low grounds. Hancock county. Mead: Menard, Hall: and southward. SAMOLUS Valerandi, L., var. Americanus, Gray. Wet places. Frequent. PLANTS OF ILLINOIS. 27 HOTTONIA inflata, Ell. S. Walash county, Schneck : Union, Forbes ; and sou‘hwacd. Rare. LENTIBULACE2. UTRICULARIA vulgaris, L. Ponds. Frequent. minor, L. N. McHenry county, Vasey. intermedia, Hayne. C. &N. Peoria county, Brendel ; McHenry, Vasey. biflora, Lam. Credited to Iljinois in Gray’s Manual. gibba, L. McHenry county, Vasey: in a pond near Pinck- neyville, Perry county, Forbes. Rare. BIGNONIACEA. BIGNONIA capreolata, L. River banks. Near Alton, Miss Holmes ; bash county, Schneck ; and southward. TECOMA radicans, Juss. S. Wa- River banks, from Henderson and Peoria coun- | ties southward. CATALPA bignonioides, Walt. S. Common and undoutedly indigenous in Wabash county, Schneck, and in other lower counties along the Ohio, Vasey. MARTYNIA probescidea, Glox. Probab'y indigenous in southern counties; and a common roadside weed in many localities north. OROBANCHACE. EPIPHEGUS Virginiana, Bart. S. Near Jones»oro, Union county, Vasey. CONOPHOLIS Americana, Wallroth. Menard county, Hall ; Marion, Bebb. PHELIPHA Ludoviciana, Don. C. In the Sangamon river bottoms, Menard county, mostly parasitic on AMBROSIA TRIFIDA ; very p'entiful some seasons, in Sept. and Oct.—Hall. APHYLLON uniflorum, T. & G. Woods. fasciculatum, T. & G. Near Dixon, Lee county, Vasey. SCROPHULARIACE. VERBASCUM Thapsus, L. Frequent. N. Roadsides. Common. Blattaria, L. | Roadsides, &e. Scarce. LINARIA | Canadensis, Spreng. | Prairies and barrens. Scarce, vulgaris, Miller. Escaped trom gardens to roadsides. SCROPHULARIA nodosa, L. Rich woods. by roadsides. COLLINSIA verna, Nutt. Damp places, throughout. The narrow leaved form common CHELONE glabra, L. Banks of streams. Frequent. PENTSTEMON pubescens, Solander. Prairies and barrens. Frequent. Digitalis, Nutt. River banks, throughout. Scarce. grandifiorus, Fraser. N-W. Frequent along the Mississippi in Henderson county above Oquawka, especiaily at Baid Bluff: Jo Daviess co., above Galena, in 1853, Brendel. MIMULUS ringens, L. Wet places. Common. alatus, Ait. C. & S. Low grounds. Hancock county, Mead ; Fulton, Wolf; and southward. 28 CATALOGUE OF THE Jamesii, Torr. N. Cold springs. Peoria county, Brendel; near Elgin, Kane county, Vasey ; Winnebago, Bebb. Rare. CONOBEA multifida, Benth. River banks and sand bars. Henderson, Peoria and Kankakee counties, and southward. HERPESTIS rotundifolia, Pursh. C. & S. Wet places. Hancock county, Mead; Menard, Hall ; and southward. Rare. GRATIOLA Virginiana, L. Wet places. Common. spheerocarpa, ETI. C. & SB. Ponds and ditches, from Henderson co. south- ward. Rare. ILYSANTHES gratioloides, Benth. Wet places. Common. SYNTHYRIS Houghtoniana, Benth. C. & N. Prairies and barrens. Henderson, (common about Oquawka); Lee, Vasey ; Ogle, Bebb. Scarce. VERONICA Virginica, L. Woods. Common. Anagallis, L. C. & N. Ponds and ditches. northward. Scarce. Americana, Schw. Peoria county, Brendel. scutellata, L. Ne Bogs. Fulton county, Wolf; and northward. serpyllifolia, L. Fulton county, Wolf: and southward. Scarce. peregrina, L. Common in wet and dry fields, &e. arvensis, L. Fields, &e. Frequent. BUCHNERA Americana, L. Menard county, Hall; St. Clair, Brendel. Rare. Menard county, Hall; | Menard county, Hall; and_ | SEYMERIA macrophylla, Nutt. River banks, throughout. Rare. GERARDIA purpurea, L. Low grounds. Common. aspera, Dougl. Low grounds. Scarce. tenuifolia, Vahl. Open woods, &e. Common. | setacea, Walt. McHenry county, Vasey; Winnebago, Bebb : Menard, Hall. flava, L. Hancock county, Mead. quercifolia, Pursh. Rich woods. Infrequent. integrifolia, Gray. | Fulton county, Mead. | grandiflora, Benth. Woods. McHenry county, Vasey ; Winnebago, Bebb; Peoria, Brendel; Menard, Hall. Rare. | pedicularia, I. Woods. Frequent. auriculata, Michx. | | Low grounds. Frequent. CASTILLEIA coccinea, Spreng. Prairies. Common. sessiliflora, Pursh. iN Winnebago county, Bebb ; McHenry, Vasey. PEDICULARIS Canadensis, L. Dry prairies and woods. Common. lanceolata, Michx. Wet places. | ACANTHACEA. Common. ‘DIANTHERA Americana, L. Margins of streams. | RUELLIA | ciliosa, Pursh. Dry grounds. Frequent. Common. PLANTS strepens, L. Rich woods. VERBENACE. Infrequent. VERBENA angustifolia, Michx. Dry grounds, throughou*. hastata, L. Low grounds. Common. urticifolia, L. Roadsides, &c. stricta, Vent. Roa isides in dry grounds. Common. Common. bracteosa, Michx. With the last. Aubletia, L. Common. S. Frequent and undoubtediy indigenous in the | Pine Hills of Union county, Forbes. LIPPIA lanceolata, Michx. Low grounds. PHRYMA Leptostachya, L. Rich woods. Common. Frequent. LABIAT %. TEUCRIUM Canadense, L. Low grounds. TRICHOSTEMA dichotomum, L. Dry grounds. ISANTHUS ceeruleus, Michx. Dry hillsides, fields, &e. MENTHA mePcaus. LE: Wet places. Common. Scarce. Frequent. Scarce. piperita, L. Wet places. Rare. Canadensis, L. Low grounds. LYCOPUS Virginicus, L. Low grounds. Common. Common. OF ILLINOIS. | 29 Europeeus, L., var. integrifolius, Gray. Low grounds. Frequent. var. sinuatus, Gray. Low grounds. . Common. CUNILA Mariana, L. S. Marion county, Vasey ; and southward. PYCNANTHEMUM incanum, Michx. Rocky woods and hills. roe ; and southward. Peoria county, Mun- pilosum, Nutt. Dry woods, &c. Henderson, Peoria and Kan- kakee counties, and southward. muticum, Pers. S. Wabash county, (rare), Schneck. lanceolatum, Pursh. Dry woods and hillsides. Common. linifolium, Pursh. With the last. Secaree northward. CALAMINTHA glabella, Benth., var. Nuttallii, Gr. Near Chicago, Babcock, Vasey ; Kankakee co., Hill. Rare. HEDEOMA pulegioides, Pers. Dry woods and roadsides. Common. hispida, Pursh. N. & W. Sandy barrens and river banks. Winnebago county, Bebb; McHenry, Vasey; Lee, Miss Ho'mes ; Henderson ; St. Clair, Brendel. COLLINSONIA Canadensis, L. S. Wabash county, Schneck ; Jackson, French; and southward. ’ | SALVIA lyrata, L. Jackson county, Vasey ; and southward. | MONARDA Clinopodia, L. “Sparingly villous-pubescent or nearly glab- rous ; stem rather acutely angled (2-4 ft. high): leaves ovate-lanceolate and ovate, acuminate, slender petioled, thin, coarsely and sharply ser- rate ; bracts whitish ; calyx moderately hirsute in the throat, hardly more so than in M. pipyma: aot, 30 CATALOGUE OF THE corolla an inch long, slightly pubescent, green- ish-white or flesh-colored.”—Gray. In open rich woods near Oquawka, Henderson county : Marion county, Bebb. fistulosa, I. “Soft-pubescent with short hairs, or somewhat hoary, or glabrate: stem mostly with obtuse angles, (1-3 ft. high): leaves commonly of rather firmer texture than in the preceding: bracts whitish or rarely purplish, dotted, the inner mostly hirsute-ciliate : calyx conspicuously and densely bearded at the throat : corolla (1-13 in. long) pubescent, at least on the upper lip, purple or purplish.”—Gray. Wooded hillsides, &e. Bradburiana, Beck. Woods. Schuyler county, Mead ;- and south- ward. Also near Chicago, Babcock—Int. ? Common. punctata, L. | Barrens. Scarce. BLEPHILIA ciliata, Raf. Dry open places, throughout. hirsuta, Benth. Rich woods. Frequent. LOPHANTHUS nepetoides, Benth. Borders of woods. Common. scrophularizefolius, Benth. With the last. Common. NEPETA Cataria, LL. Roadsides. Frequent. Glechoma, Benth. Occurs sparingly about gardens and in fields. SYNANDRA grandiflora, Nutt. S. Jackson county, French ; Union, Forbes. PHYSOSTEGIA Virginiana, Benth. The broad leaved form on river banks. a narrow leaved, taller form in dry woods. Common. BRUNELLA vulgaris, L. Woods. Common. SCUTELLARIA versicolor, Nutt. Woods along streams. Frequent. canescens, Nutt. C. & 8. Menard county, Hall; and southward. serrata, Andrews. S. Woods. Wabash county, Schneck. nervosa, Pursh. C. & S. Woods. Peoria county, Brendel: and south- ward. parvula, Michx. Dry hills and barrens. Common. var. mollis, Gray. “Diffuse, rather large, softly pubescent through- out with sub-viscid hairs; leaves often ? of an inch long.” Sandy banks and rocky clifis. Along the Mis- sissippi north of Oquawka; also in Menard co., Hall: Fulton, Wolf: and northward to Kanka- kee (Hill) and Ogle (Bebb). valericulata, L. Damp woods, throughout. Scarce. lateriflora, L. Banks of streams. Common. MARRUBIUM vulgare, L. Roadsides and waste places. Common. STACHYS palustris, L. Wet places. Common. var. aspera, Gray. Low grounds. Common. var. glabra, Gray. Woods along streams. Frequent. var. cordata, Gray. Low grounds. Scarce. hyssopifolia, Michx. Illinois—Gray’s Manual. LEONURUS Cardiaca, L. Waste places. BORRAGINACEK. SYMPHYTUM officinale, L. Sparingly escaped from gardens, Common. ONOSMODIUM Carolinianum, DC. River banks. Frequent. PLANTS OF ILLINOIS. ol molle, Michx. Dry hillsides, &e. LITHOSPERMUM arvense, L. Only in a few localities. angustifolium, Michx. (Including L. toncirLorum, Spreng., which is only the early flowering form—as was first dis- covered by Mr. Bebb, in 1873.) Prairies, throughout. Scarce. latifolium, Michx. Borders of woods. Frequent. hirtum, Lehm. Dry prairies and barrens. Common. canescens, Lehm. Dry prairies and barrens. Common. MERTENSIA Virginiea, DC. Rich woods. Frequent. MYOSOTIS verna, Nutt. Dry hills. Frequent. -ECHINOSPERMUM Lappula, Lehm. Roadsides and waste p!aces. Common. CYNOGLOSSUM officinale, L. Waste places. Common. S. Virginicum, L. Rich woods. ward. Morisoni, DC. Borders of woods. Marion county, Bebb : Common. HELIOTROPIUM Curassavicum, IL. C.-& 8. Menard county, Hall ; an! southward. HELIOPHYTUM Indicum, DC. C&S. Waste places. HYDROPHYLLACE.E. HYDROPHYLLUM macrophyllum, Nutt. Wabash county, Schneck. and south- From Menard county southward. } Virginicum, L. Rich woods. Frequent. Canadense, L. Rich woods. Scarce. appendiculatum, Michx. Rich woods. Frequent. ELLISIA Nyctelea, L. (Including E. Ampieua, Nutt.) Common, PHACELIA bipinnatifida, Michx. Rich woods. St. Clair county, Brendel ; bash, Schneck ; and southward. Purshii, Buckley. Moist shaded banks. Union, Forbes. S. Wa- S. Wabash county, Schneck: HYDROLEA affinis, Gray. Union county, Brendel ; Pulaski, Vasey. POLEMONIACE.-X. POLEMONIUM reptans, L. Woods. Frequent. PHLOX paniculata, L. C. & 8. Woods. Hancock county, Mead ; Mason, Bren- del: and southward. maculata, L. Rich woods. Near Dixon, Vasey ; Woodford county, Brendel ; Hancock, Mead. Rare. glaberrima, L. Prairies. Frequent. pilosa, L. Prairies and open dry woods. Common. divaricata, L. Rich woods. Common. Stellaria, Gray. 8. “Glabrous, cespitose, somewhat perennial at base ; leaves narrow linear and rather rigid, the upper slightly ciliate at base: peduncles elon- gated, mostly 1-flowered : corolla pale blue or nearly white, the Jobes bifid with short-oblong segments. Cliffs of the Kentucky river, only by Dr. Short.” “Bake Oven” and other rocks about Grand Tower, Jackson county, French. 32 bifida, Beck. Prairies and dry woods. Common on lake shore south of Chicago, Babcock ; Kankakee county, Hill: Peoria, Brendel : Mason and Cass, Mead ; Menard, Hall: and southward. (Union county, Forbes.) Scarce. CATALOGUE OF THE Kontos Gronovii, Willd. Low grounds. Frequent. compacta, Juss. C. & 5S. From Kankakee and Peoria counties southward. glomerata, Choisy. Damp prairies. Frequent. CONVOLVULACE%. QUAMOCLIT | coccinea, Meench. C&S. | Damp fields and river banks from Hancock co. | SOLANACE X. SOLANUM Duleamara, L. southward. Sparingly escaped from cultivation to roadsides. IPOMM@A nisrum, L. Nil, Roth. | Damp fields, &c. Henderson county; and south- | ward. Common. C. & S. Henderson and Peoria Common. Waste places. Carolinense, L. Fields and river banks. lacunosa, L. counties and southward. River banks. and southward. NOs. Henderson and Peoria counties, | PHYSALIS Philadelpnica, Lam. Rich grounds. | | pandurata, Meyer. Kankakee county, Hill; Fulton, chlorocarpa, Engelm. Low grounds. Kankakee county, Hill; Peoria, | Brendel ; Wabash, Schneck. Banks of streams. Frequent. | Wolf; Henderson ; Wabash, Schneck. Rare. CALYSTEGIA | angulata, L. sepium, i. Br. | Menard county, Hall; Union, Vasey. Moist banks and low grounds. Common. | pubescens, 1B C.&S. spithameea, Pursh. | Low grounds. Kankakee county, Hill: Fulton, Dry open places. Frequent. W Oli and southward. | . | viscosa, L. BONAMIA toes . : E . : selves | ry grounds. requent. Pickeringii, Gray. Int.? | : : Common and perfectly hardy on a sandy prairie | Pennsylvanica, L. near the Mississippi, 4 miles north of Oquawka, — In dry or damp grounds. Frequent. Henderson county. If introduced it must have | been long since. | var. lanceolata, Gray. Sandy prairies and barrens. Frequent. CUSCUTA : } T Ty tenuiflora, Engelm. | NICANDRA River banks, from Menard county northward. physalot des, Goertn. é | Waste places. Searce. inflexa, Engelm. | In dry grounds. Peoria and Fulton counties, |.DATURA Ire > y ‘ A prep del SW ai | Stramonium, L. decora, Choisy. S-W. | Roadsides and waste places. Common. Low prairies. Fulton county, Wolf; Menard, | Tatula, Te Pall Washing i eee With the last. Common. arvensis, Beyrich. | Dry prairies and barrens. Kankakee county, | GENTIANACE A. Hill; Fulton, Wolf; Cass, near Beardstown, | Mead. | SABBATIA angularis, Pursh. C. & 8. Dry grounds from Haneock county southward. Frequent. PLANTS OF ILLINOIS. FRASERA Carolinensis, Walt. Fulton county, Wolf; and frequent southward. | GENTIANA quinqueflora, Lam. Hillsides. Scarce. var. occidentalis, Gray. | With the typical form. Frequent. | crinita, Freel. N. | | Low grounds. Common near Chicago, Babcock ; Winnebago county, Bebb. detonsa, Fries. N. With the last. alba, Muhl. Low grounds, throughout. Frequent. Andrewsii, Griseb. With the last. Frequent. Saponaria, L. Moist woods. Thornton, Cook county, Hill; | Ogle, Miss Holmes. Rare. puberula, Michx. Dry prairies. Frequent. BARTONIA tenella, Muhl. Woods. Kankakee county, Hill. OBOLARTIA | Virginica, L. S| Rich woods. Jonesboro, Union county, Vasey ; Wabash, Schneck. MENYANTHES trifoliata, L. N. Bogs. Peoria county, Brendel ; and northward. | LOGANIACE. SPIGELIA Marilandiea, L. S. Rich woods. Near Jonesboro, Union county, Vasey : Jackson county, Brende!. APOCYNACE A. AMSONIA _'Tabernemontana, Walt. C. &S. Low grounds. Peoria county, Brendel ; and | southward. ) FORSTERONIA difformis, A. DC. S. River banks. Union county, Brendel. | APOCYNUM androsemifolium, L. Borders of woods. Common. eannabinum, IL. Banks of streams. Common. ASCLEPIADACEA. ASCEPIAS Cornuti, Decaisne. Rich soil. Common. Sullivantii, Engelm. C. & N. Low grounds. Frequent from Menard county northward. phytolaccoides, Pursh. Open rich woods, hillsides. Frequent. purpurascens, L. Borders of woods. Frequent. variegata, L. Dry woods. McLean county near Bloomington. Vasey ; Wabash, Schneck. Rare. ovalifolia, Decaisne. N. Near Ringwood, McHenry county, Vasey. quadrifolia, Jacq. Hillsides in woods. Henderson county ; Peoria. Brendel ; Menard, Hall. Rare. perennis, Walt. S. Low grounds. Wabash county, Schneck; Jack- son, Brendel ; and southward. incarnata, L. Low grounds. Common. obtusifolia, Michx. Sandy prairies and barrens. Frequent. Meadii, Torr. W. Prairies. Near Augusta, Hancock co., Mead : Peoria, Brendel: Menard, Hal. Rare. tuberosa, L. Dry hills and barrens. Common. verticillata, L. Prairies and barrens. Common. ACERATES viridiflora, Ell: Barrens. Common. CATALOGUE OF THE lanuginosa, Decaisne. N. Prairies. Winnebago county, Bebb: McHenry, Vasey. longifolia, E11. Moist prairies. Frequent. paniculata, Decaisne. C. & BS. Prairies. Near Bloomington and Decatur, Miss Holmes ; Marion county, Bebb, Vasey. ENSLENIA albida, Nutt. C. & S. River banks. Hancock county, Mead: Menard, Hall; and southward. GONOLOBUS leevis, Michx. Wabash county, Schneck, OLEACE. FRAXINUS Americana, L. River banks. Common. | pubescens, Lam. | Banks of streams. Frequent. viridis, Michx. f. River banks. Frequent. sambucifolia, Lam. Cran. | Swamps. Fulton and Peoria counties, Wolf, | Brendel ; Kankakee, Hill: and probably north. | quadrangulata, Michx. | Rich woods. Frequent. FORESTIERA | acuminata, Poir. C. & S. Menard county, Hall; and south- River banks. ward. ARISTOLOCHIACE 2. ASARUM Canadense, L. Rich woods. Common. ARISTOLOCHIA Serpentaria, L. C. & 8. Rich woods, from Peoria county (Brendel) south- | ward. tomentosa, Sims. S. River banks. Wabash county, Schneck: Jack- | son, Vasey ; and southward. NYCTAGINACE i. OXYBAPHUS nyctagineus, Sweet. Sandy and rocky river hanks and barrens. Like- ly to become a troublesome weed in eultivated grounds, where it spreads rapidly. Frequent. PHY TOLACCACE. PHYTOLACCA decandra, L. Low grounds, waste places. Frequent. CHENOPODIACE. | CYCLOLOMA platyphyllum, Mog. W. &N. Sandy river banks. Menard county, Hall; Ful- ton, Wolf; common along the Mississippi about Oquawka, and probably northward. Chicago, (rare), Babcock : perhaps introduced. Also at Grand Tower, Jackson county, French, doubtless adventive from the north. CHENOPODIUM album, L. Fields, gardens, &e. Common. Slaucum, L. N. Streets of Chicago, Babcock ; Winnebage county, Bebb ; Kankakee, Hill. Scarce. urbicum, L. Waste places. Scarce. S. murale, L. Southern Illinois, Vasey. hybridum, L. Waste places. Frequent. Botrys, L. Escaped from gardens to roadsides. Common. anvbrostoides, L. Roadsides, &e. Common. var. anthelminticum, Gr. Roadsides, &e. Common. BLITUM capitatum, L. McHenry county, Vasey. WN. ATRIPLEX patula, L. Abundant at Canton, Fulton county, Wolf ; Chi- cago, Babcock. PLANTS OF ILLINOIS. BY, CORISPERMUM Virginianum, L. hyssopifolinm, L. N-E. Rich woods. Searce. Abundant on lake shore about Chicago, Babcock. articulatum, E: N. AMARANTACE. Near Dixon, Vasey ; Ogle county, Bebb. es aviculare, L. ee US Roadsides and waste places. Common. paniculatus, L. Sparingly escaped from gardens. var. erectum, Roth. Common. retroflexwus, L. re Fields, gardens, &e. Common. ramosissimum, Michx. albus. L River banks and barrens. Frequent. ? = } Roadsides and waste places. Common. | tenue, Michx. Spinosus, L. C. & S. Dry prairies and barrens. Frequent. Waste places, from Peoria county oa a arifolium, Ti: MONTELIA Low grounds. McHenry county, Vasey. tamariscina, Gray. | sagittatum, L. River banks. Common. Low grounds. Frequent. Y bh p= IRESINE | Convolvulus, L. celosioides. L S | Fields, and waste places. Common. / as s—9 . . Wabash county, Schneck. | dumetorum, L. FRELICHIA Moist thickets. Common. Floridana, Mogq. W. FAGOPYRUM Sandy barrens. Henderson county ; Mason and | esculentum, Monch. Menard, Mead, Hall. | Persistent in fields. POLYGONACE&. |RUMEX ae | Patientia, L. POLYGONUM Spontaneous about gardens at Augusta, Hancock ortentale, L. county. Mead. Spontaneous abou® gardens. orbiculatus, Gray. C.& N. Pennsylvanicum, EL. Wet places. Menard county, Hall: and north- Damp places. Common. ward. Scarce. incarnatum, Ell. Britannica, L. Low grounds. Common. Low grounds. Frequent. Hartwrightii, Gray. N. conglomeratus, Murray. De ebaco Pee: Bebb Kankakee county, Hill. Persicaria, L. eee, L. Roadsides, &c. Common. Wet places. Frequent. Hydropiper, L. crispus, L. Low Mastinds ae Gardens and waste places. Common. ounds. n. ee tT BK obtusifolius, L. SS a With the last. Frequent. Low grounds. Common. “ti I N ¢ ; maritimus, L. hydropiperoides, Michx. re Comat. Nancy. Margins of ponds, &e. Frequent. Engelmanni, Ledeb. S-W. amphibium, L. Formerly in St. Clair county, station now de- In ponds and damp grounds. Common. stroyed by cultivation, Engelmann. 36 CATALOGUE OF THE Acetosella, L. Dry fields, roadsides, &e. Common. BRUNNICHIA elrrhosa, Banks. S. Pulaski county, Brendel. LAURACE %. SASSAFRAS officinale, Nees. Rich woods. Frequent. LINDERA Benzoin, Meisner. C. & 8. Damp woods. Fulton county, Wolf; and south- ward. THY MELEACE 4. DIRCA palustris, IL. iN. Damp woods. northward. EKELHXAGNACE. SHEPHERDIA Canadensis, Nutt. Near Chicago, Babcock. “SANTALACEZ. COMANDRA umbellata, Nutt. Dry prairies. Common. LORANTHACE. PHORADENDRON flavescens, Nutt. S. Wabash and Jackson counties ; and southward. SAURURACE#. SAURURUS cernuus, L. Swamps. Searce. CERATOPHYLLACEE. CERATOPHYLLUM demersum, IL. Ponds. Frequent. : | Peoria county, Brendel; and | CALLITRICHACEA. CALLITRICHE Austini, Engelm. Damp grounds. Menard county, Hall ; Wash- ington, Vasey. verna, L. Ponds. Wolf. Peoria and Fulton counties, Brendel, heterophylla, Pursh. C. & 8. Ponds. Menard county, Hail; Wabash, Schneck. autumnalis, L. Hancock county, Mead; Fulton, Wolf. EKUPHORBIACE &. | EUPHORBIA polygonifolia, IL. N-E. Common on sands of lake shore about Chicago, Babcock. Geyeri, Engelm. C. & N. Sandy prairies and barrens of Menard, Mason and Cass counties; Henderson; Lee, Vasey. serpens, H. B. K. S-W. In rich soil. Menard county, Hall; St. Clair, Engelmann. Common aiong R., R. I. & St. L. Railroad at Monmouth, Warren county, prob- ably adventive from the south. glyptosperma, Engelm. St. Clair county, Engelmann: Menard, Hall ; Winnebago, Bebb. Rare. maculata, L. Dry or moist open p!aces. Common. humistrata, Engelm. ay. Alluvial river banks. Henderson county: Ful- ton, Wolf: Menard, Hall; and southward. hypericifolia, LL. Fields, dry open woods, &c. Common. corollata, L. Dry open woods and prairies. Common. dentata, Michx. C. & S. Henderson county (common along C. B. & Q. Railroad east of Sagetown, perhaps introduced) ; Peoria, Brendel: Adams, Vasey ; Menard, Hall; and probably southward. Scarce. heterophylla, L. Rocky hillsides, &e. Winnebago county, Bebb ; Kankakee, Hill: Peoria, Brendel; Mason and Menard, Mead, Hall: and probably southward. Infrequent. PLANTS OF ILLINOIS. ay obtusata, Pursh. racemosa, Thomas. N: Damp woods. Kankakee county, Hill: Peoria, Near Elgin, Kane county, Vasey. Brendel ; Rat Mead. Rare. alata, Wicks S. Helioscopia, L. : Wabash and Jackson counties ; and southward. About gardens in Menard and Hancock counties, Hall, Mead. CELTIS Cyparissias, L. occidentalis, L. Sparingly escaped from cultivation. Banks of. streams. Common: commutata, Engelm. Mississippiensis, Bose. S. Near Chicago, Babcock ; banks of Rock river in River banks. Wabash and Jackson counties ; Winnebago and Ogle counties, Bebb, and at aiid . southward Dixon, Vasey. ACALYPHA | MORUS Virginica, L. a ubt a, L. Open woods, fields, &e. Giitinon. Rich soil along streams. Common. var. gracilens, Gray. | URTICA In drier places. gracilis, Ait. Caroliniana, Walt. S. | Moist grounds. Scarce. Near Jonesboro, Union county, Vasey ; Wabash, | dioica, L. Schneck. | Waste places. Hancock county, Mead ; Fulton, TRAGIA | Wolf; Wabash, Schneck. Scarce. macrocarpa, Willd. S. | LAPORTEA Banks of the Ohio at Golconda, Pope county, | Canadensis, Gaud. pete. | Damp rich woods. Frequent. CROTON Sea glandulosus, L. C.&S8. | ; ia hee Common in sandy barrens about Oquawka, Hen- | ee derson county; Fulton, Wolf; and southward. Damp woods and banks. Common. Searce. capitatus, Michx. G&S, | B@XMERIA Barrens and roadsides. Menard county, Hall; | cylindrica, Willd. and southward. | Damp woods. Frequent. monanthogynus, Michx. S. | PARIETARIA Barrens. Marion county, Vasey; St. Clair, Bren- | Pennsylvanica, Muhl. del ; and southward. | Shaded rocks, hedges, &e. Common. CROTONOPSIS linearis, Michx. C. & 8. | CANNABIS Barrens. Menard county, Hall; and southward. | sativa, L. Waste places. Common. PHYLLANTHUS Carolinensis, Walt. - C. & §, | HUMULUS From Fulton and Mason counties southward. Lupulus, L. Banks of streams. Frequent. URTICACE 2. ULMUS PLATANACEZ. fulva, Michx. | 2 River banks C a Ue AV s ommon. xfs 3 occidentalis, L. C. & S. - Americana, L. River banks. Henderson, Peoria and Kankakee With the last. Common. | counties, and southward. Common. 38 CATALOGUE OF THE J VUGLANDACE XH. JUGLANS cinerea, L. Banks of streams. Common. nigra, IL. With the last. Common. CARYA oliveeformis, Nutt. C&S. River banks. Common in Mississippi bottoms | at Oquawka, Henderson county (and probably | further north): Peoria, Brendel ; and southward. alba, Nutt. Dry hillsides, &e. sulcata, Nutt. River bottoms from Henderson and Peoria coun- ties southward: and probably northward to Wis- | consin along the Mississippi. The nut varies | greatly in size and in the texture of the shell, which is sometimes thin and white as in the last. Common. tomentosa, Nutt. Dry hillsides and barrens. Common. porcina, Nutt. Woods. Common. amara, Nutt. Woods along streams. Common. CUPULIFER. QUERCUS | alba, L. Rich woods. obtusiloba, Michx. Barrens. Common. Scarce northward. macrocarpa, Michx. In rich soil. Common. [Fertile hybrids of ALBA and MACROCARPA 0¢- | cur in Menard county, Hall ; Winnebago, Bebb. } lyrata, Walt. Ss Near Jonesboro, Union county, Vasey, Wolf: Wabash, Schneck. bicolor, Willd. Banks of streams. Prinus, L. Elgin, Kane county, Vasey ; and frequent south- ward. Frequent. | var. monticola, Michx. Menard county, Hall. var. acuminata, Michx. Rich woods. Frequent. imbricaria, Michx. Near Joliet, Munroe ; and southward. nigra, L. Sandy barrens. Near Chicago, Babcock ; Hen- derson county ; and southward. Common. LEANA, Nutt.—This hybrid occurs in Peoria county, Brendel; Fulton, Wolf; and formerly in Hancock, Mead ;: also in Southern Ills., Forbes. Prof. Wolf has seen an IMBRICARIA tree with the leaves of LEANA on the lower branches. falcata, Michx. Jackson and Union counties, French, Vasey. Ss coccinea, Wang. Rich, or dry and sandy soil. Common. var. tinctoria, Gray. With the last. Common. rubra, L. Mostly in rich soil along streams. Common. palustris, Du Roi. River banks. Scarce northward. FAGUS ferruginea, Ait. S. Wabash and Jackson counties; and southward. CORYLUS Americana, Walt. Hillsides and ravines. Common. OSTRYA Virginica, Willd. Rich woods. Common. CARPINUS Americana, Michx. Banks of streams. Frequent. MYRICACE ZK. COMPTONIA asplenifolia, Ait. N. Kankakee county, Hill, about Chicago, Munroe, Vasey, Babcock. BETULACE 4. BETULA lenta, L. Near Dixon, Vasey : Wabash county, Schneck. PLANTS OF papyracea, Ait. N. Lake shore about Chicago, (rare), Babcock ; and | Evanston, Vasey. C. & SB. nigra, L. River banks. ties and southward. pumila, L. a: Common. Wet places. county, Vasey. ALNUS serrulata, Ait. Bureau, McLean, Macon and Madison counties, | Miss Holmes ; White, Schneck ; Union, French. SALICACE A. SALIX (By M.S. Bess.) candida, Willd. rus In cold bogs, Peoria county, Brendel: McHenry, Vasey ; Cook, Babcock ; Winnebago! Rare. tristis, Ait. . ae > | Sterile knolls and warm sandy prairies. Widely distributed but humilis, Marshall. Prairies and barrens. common Willow. Mr. Walsh has described (Proc. Ent. Soc’y Phila.) the “astonishing number of ten distinct galls” produced by this species: the number borne by other common Willows varying from one to (usually) three or four. discolor, Muhl. Banks of streams, throughout. Common. Probably including several species confused by cross fertilization. Infrequent. Everywhere our most sericea, Marshall. Peoria county, Brendel. Rare. This species was published in 1785. 8S. peri- OLARIS was founded upon a cultivated plant, supposed to be of British origin, and pubiished by Sir J. E. Smith (Linn. Trans. Vol. 6) in 1862, though the paper was received in 1801: there- fore, should the two be united as has been done by Andersson, S. seRICEA should take precedence as the type of the aggregated species. petiolaris, Smith. Wabash county, Schneck: reported by others _ only at the north, where it is frequent. var. gracilis, Anders. Both forms, seRICOCARPA and LEIOCARPA, at Fountaindale, Winnebago county. From 8. sericea, Marsh. through this species and 8. aneustaTA, Pursh to S. corpata, Muhl. an unbroken series of transitional forms occur— Kankakee and Henderson coun- Near Chicago, Munroe ; McHenry | ILLINOIS. 39 the result of cross fertilization—making the lim- itation of species very difficult, if not purely arbitrary. The hybrid s—eRICEA XCORDATA pre- sents, very nearly, the technical characters of S. PETIOLARIS, Smith. adenophylla, Hook. N-E. Lake shore near Chicago, Babcock, Vasey. Retains under cultivation its remarkably dis- tinct character: the tomentose, glandular-serrate leaves, very unlike those of any other Willow occurring in the States east of the Mississippi. cordata, Muhl. Low, wet prairies and along streams. Common. (?) var. glaucophylla, Bebb. On the lake shore, associated with S. ADENO- PHYLLA—Babcock ; Fountaindale, (only three plants.) In the Willow garden at Fountaindale, where several forms of this fine Willow sent by Mr. Babcock are under enltivation, it has every ap- pearance of being specifically distinct from S. CORDATA. rostrata, Richardson. Ne Henderson county, Patterson ; otherwise only reported from the northern counties, where it is not uncommon. , lucida, Muhl. Along streams, usually growing at the water’s edge. Common at the north. nigra, Marsh. Common along water courses, especially south- ward. amygdaloides, Anders. (S. nigRA, var., Anders. in DC.) Peoria county, Brendel ; Henderson, Patterson ; Cook, Babcock ; Winnebago! There is a similarity between the characters which distinguish this from the typical form of S. nigra and those which separate 8S. PETIOLARIS from 8S. seRIcEA. If S. PETIOLARIS is admitted as a valid species, S. AMYGDALOIDES claims equal distinction. longifolia, Muhl. Wet places, throughout. Common. var. argyrophylla, Anders. Winnebago county ! myrtilloides, L. Ne Coid peat bogs. Peoria county, Brende!: Me- Henry, Vasey. Rare. Widely distributed in sub-arctic regions, ex- tending southward along the Pacific coast to Oregon, and on the Atlantic side to New Jersey. Its occurrence so far south in the Mississippi valley as found by Dr. Brendel, taken in connee- tion with the cqually unexpected finding of §. CANDIDA, indicates an exceptionally cold spot for the latitude. 4) CATALOGUE OF THE POPULUS tremuloides, Michx. Woods. Common. grandidentata, Michx. C. &N. From Menard county northward. Frequent. heterophylla, L. River banks. and southward. monilifera, Ait. River banks. Common. angulata, Ait. Hancock county, Mead. CONIFER. PINUS Banksiana, Lambert. N. Abundant at Pine Station, near Chicago, Bab- cock ; Ogle county, Bebb. mitis, Michx. S. Jackson and Union counties, Forbes. Strobus, L. N. Cook county, Vasey ; Winnebago, Bebb. LARIX Americana, Michx. N. McHenry county, Vasey. THUJA occidentalis, L. N. Swamps. One very old tree noticed near Peoria, | many years ago, Brendel; Chicago, Babcock, and Elgin, Kane county, Vasey. CUPRESSUS thyoides, L. Gallatin county, Schneck. TAXODIUM distichum, Richard. Swamps. Wabash county, Schneck ; Vasey, Brendel. S. Union, JUNIPERUS communis, L. Near Chicago, Babcock ; Kankakee county, Hill; Wabash, Schneck. Scarce. Virginiana, L. Rocky hillsides, &e. Frequent. Sabina, i. var. procumbens, Pursh. Near Chicago, Babcock. N-E. | | TAXUS baccata, L., var. Canadensis, Gray. Winnebago county, Bebb. ARACE. S. | ARISHMA Wabash and Jackson counties, | triphyllum, Torr. Rich woods. Common. Dracontium, Schott. Woods along streams. Common. PELTANDRA Virginica, Raf. Ponds. Kankakee county, Hill ; Peoria, Bren- del ; Cass, Mead ; and in S. [inois, Forbes. Scarce. SYMPLOCARPUS feetidus, Salisb. Wet places, especially near cold springs. Infrequent. ACORUS Calamus, L. Margins of ponds, &c. Frequent. LEMNACE. LEMNA trisulea, L. Ponds, Infrequent. minor, L. Ponds. Frequent. polyrrhiza, L. Ponds. Common. WOLFFIA Columbiana, Karsten. Ponds. Menard county, Hall; Fulton, Wolf; St. Clair, Engelmann. Braziliensis, Weddell. Menard county, Hall. TYPHACE. TYPHA latifolia, L. Margins of ponds. Common. SPARGANIUM eurycarpum, Engelm. Wet places. Common. N. simplex, Hudson. McHenry county, Vasey. PLANTS OF ILLINOIS. 4] var. androcladum, Gray. S. Wabash county, Schneck. var. angustifolium, Gray. N. McHenry county, Vasey. NAIADACE-E. NAIAS flexilis, Rostk. Ponds. Frequent. Indica, var. gracillima, Braun. Wabash county, Schneck. ZANNICHELLIA palustris, L. Ponds. counties, and probably elsewhere, but POTAMOGETON natans, L. Ponds. Ponds. Searece. Frequent. Claytonii, Tuckerman. Fulton county, Wolf. Vaseyi, Robbins. N. Near Ringwood, McHenry county, Vasey. Spirillus, Tuckerman. McHenry county, Vasey. hybridus, Michx. Ponds. Infrequent. rufescens, Schrader. Be McHenry county, Vasey. lonchites, Tuckerman. N. Chicago, Babcock ; McHenry county, Vasey. pulcher, Tuckerman. Mason county, Hall. gramineus, L. Peoria, Menard, Fulton and Henderson | Near Chicago, Babcock ; McHenry county, Va- | sey ; Hancock, Mead. lucens, L. McHenry county, Vasey : Kankakee, Hill; Wa- bash, Schneck. perfoliatus, L. McHenry county, Vasey ; Kankakee, Hill. compressus, L. McHenry county, Vasey ; Kankakee, Hill: Me-. nard, Hall. pauciflorus, Pursh. Peoria county, Brendel; Kankakee, Hill; Me- Henry, Vasey. pusillus, L. Peoria and Fulton counties, Brendel, Wolf; Me- nard, Hall. pectinatus, L. Ponds. Frequent. ALISMACE #. TRIGLOCHIN palustre, L. N. Peoria county, Brendel; Kane and McHenry, Vasey. maritimum, L. N-E. Chicago, Babcock ; McHenry county, Vasey. SCHEUCHZERIA palustris, L. C. & N. Menard county, Hall; McHenry, Vasey. ALISMA Plantago, L., var. Americanum, Gr. Margins of ponds, &e. ECHINODORUS parvulus, Engelm. Mason and Cass counties, Mead. Common. C. & S. Peoria county, Brendel ; and rostratus, Engelm. About ponds, &e. southward. radicans, Engelm. Menard county, Hail: and southward. SAGITTARIA variabilis, Engelm. Ponds and ditches. Common. calycina, Engelm. Margins of ponds in Mississippi bottoms about Oquawka, Henderson county: Menard county. Hall. Rare. heterophylla, Pursh. Ponds, often in water two or three feet deep. Frequent. graminea, Michx. Margins of ponds. Scarce. HY DROCHARIDACE XX. LIMNOBIUM Spongia, Richard. S. Ponds. Union county, Vasey, Brendel. ANACHARIS Canadensis, Planchon. Ponds and slow streams. Common. 42 CATALOGU EK OF THE VALLISNERIA spiralis, L. Slow streams. Infrequent. ORCHIDACE i. ORCHIS spectabilis, L. Rich woods throughout, but Scarce. HABENARIA virescens, Spreng. Near Chicago, Babcock ; Peoria county, Brendel. | viridis, R. Br., | var. bracteata, Reich. Near Chicago, Babcock; Kankakee county, Hill; Winnebago and McHenry, Bebb, Vasey. Hookeri, Torr. Glencoe, Cook county, Babcock. ciliaris, R. Br. Kankakee county, Hill: county, Miss Ho!mes. | | | | | near Jonesboro, Union | Jeucopheea, Gray. Moist prairies. lacera, R. Br. Calumet, Cook county, Babcock. Scarce. psycodes, Gray. Winnebago county, Miss Holmes. peramcena, Gray. Marion county, Bebb ; and southward. GOODYERA repens, R. Br. Woods. Union county, French. pubescens, R. Br. Woods. McHenry county, Vasey. SPIRANTHES latifolia, Torr. Menard county, Hall. cernua, Richard. Prairies. Scaree. gracilis, Bigelow. Prairie hillsides. Searee. POGONIA ophioglossoides, Nutt. McHenry county, Vasey ; Kankakee, Hill. pendula, Lindley. Damp woods. Peoria county, Brendel; Menard, Hall: in the highlands of Union county, very common in certain localities, occurring in patches about old logs, &c., Forbes : Wabash, Schneck. CALOPOGON pulchellus, R. Br. Prairies. Infrequent. MICROSTYLIS monophyllos, Lindl. C. & N. Swamps. Menard county, Brendel; Elgin, Kane county, Vasey. Rare. ophioglossoides, Nutt. Rich woods, in Henderson, Hancock and Menard counties. Rare. LIPARIS lhliifolia, Richard. Rich woods. Scarce. Leeselii, Richard. Bogs. Peoria county, Brendel; Menard, Hall. Rare. CORALLORHIZA odontorhiza, Nutt. C. & 8. Woods. Henderson county ; Menard, Hall ; Wa- bash, Schneck ; Union, Forbes. Rare. multiflora, Nutt. Dry woods. St. Clair county, Brendel. | APLECTRUM hyemale, Nutt. Rich woods. Winnebago county, Miss Holmes ; Peoria, Brendel; Hancock, Mead; Menard, Hall: common near Makanda, Jackson county, Forbes ; Wabash, Schneck. Scarce. | CYPRIPEDIUM | candidum, Muhl. | Dry or moist prairies. Becoming scarce. parviflorum, Salisb. Damp prairies and woods. Scarce. pubescens, Willd. Rich woods. Frequent. spectabile, Swartz. Bogs and damp woods. Scarce. AMARYLLIDACE. PANCRATIUM rotatum, Ker. S. Swamps. Wabash county, Schneck ; Jackson and Union, Vasey, Forbes. PLANTS OF ILLINOIS. 43 AGAVE Virginica, L. S. Rocky hillsides, &e. St. Clair county, Brendel : Wabash, Schneck ; and southward. HYPOXYS erecta, L. Open grassy places. Common. H#MODORACE. ALETRIS farinosa, L. EH: Woods. Common at Hyde Park, near Chicago, | Babeock ; Kankakee county, Hill; Wabash, | Schneck. IRIDACE. | IRIS | versicolor, L. Low grounds. Common. cuprea, Pursh. Mound City, Pulaski county, Vasey. PARDANTHUS Chinensis, Ker. Thoroughly naturalized at Grand Tower, Jack- | son county, Vasey ; and sparingly escaped from | cultivation in other localities. ! SISYRINCHIUM Bermudiana, L. Moist prairies, &c. Common. DIOSCOREACE &. | DIOSCOREA villosa, L. Rich woods. Frequent. SMILACE%. | SMILAX rotundifolia, L. Rich woods. Infrequent. var. quadrangularis, Gray. 8. From St. Clair and Wabash counties southward. | C.F | Springfield, Vasey : and southward. | tamnoides, L. S. Thickets. Jackson county, French ; and south- | ward. glauca, Walt. Woods. hispida, Muhl. Rich woods. herbacea, L. Woods and open places along streams. Frequent. LILIACE#. TRILLIUM sessile, L. Kankakee county, Hill; Wabash, Rare. Moist woods. Schneck. recurvatum, Beck. Rich woods. Common. grandifiorum, Salisb. Abundant in ravines at Glencoe, Cook county, Babcock : Wabash, Schneck. Rare. erectum, L., var. album, Pursh. Rich woods. Scarce. var. declinatum, Gray. Rich woods, northward. cernuum, L. N? Moist woods. kakee, Hill. nivale, Riddell. N. Fulton and Peoria counties, Wolf, Rare. McHenry county, Vasey ; Kan- Rich woods. Brendel ; near Dixon, Vasey. _MEDEOLA Virginica, L. Near Chicago, Babcock. | MELANTHIUM Virginicum, L. Damp prairies. Infrequent. ZYGADENUS N. glaucus, Nutt. Elgin, Kane county, Vasey. STENANTHIUM angustifolium, Gray. C. & S. Pleasant Vale, Pike county, Mead; Jonesboro, Union county, Miss Holmes. VERATRUM W oodii, Robbins. On dry wooded hillsides, near limestone ridges, along Warsaw road, between West Point and Bear Creek, Hancock county, Mead. July. | CHAM AZXLIRIUM luteum, Gray. Illinois—Gray's Manual. 44 CATALOGUE OF THE TOFTELDIA | stellatum, Nutt. W. glutinosa, Willd. N. On rocky edges of the bluffs on both sides of Near Chicago, Babcock ; McHenry co., Vasey. UVULARIA grandiflora, Smith. Rieh woods. Frequent. perfoliata, L. Rich woods. Scarce. SMILACINA racemosa, Desf. Rich woods. Frequent. stellata, Desf. Moist banks. Frequent. trifolia, Desf. Near Chicago, Babcock; Hancock county, Mead. | bifolia, Ker. N. Moist woods. Kankakee, Hill: and northern counties. POLYGONATUM biflorum, EI. Open woods. Common. giganteum, Dietrich. Woods. Common. LILIUM Philadelphicum, L. Prairies. Common. Canadense, L. Moist prairies. Infrequent. superbum, I. Moist prairies. Infrequent. ERYTHRONIUM Americanum, Smith. N. Near Chicago, Babcock ; McHenry co., Vasey. albidum, Nutt. Moist rich woods. Common. SCILLA Fraseri, Gray. Low prairies. Cominon. ALLIUM tricoccum, Ait. Rich woods. Frequent. cernuum, Roth. N. Common on prairies about Chicago, Babcock : Kankakee county, Hill; La Salle, Forbes ; Henry, Vasey. the Mississippi below St. Louis; on sandstone precipices above Prairie du Rocher ; Engelmana. Canadense, Kalm. Damp prairies and woods. Common. striatum, Jacq. C.& 8. Prairies and open woods. Fulton county, Vasey ; and southward. Frequent. J UNCACEA. | LUAU A Mec- campestris, DC. Dry woods, &e. Frequent northward. | JUNCUS effusus, L. Low grounds. Scarce. Balticus, Dethard. N-E. Common on lake shore about Chicago, Babcock. marginatus, Rostk. Kankakee county, Hill; Hancock, Mead; and southward. bufonius, L. Damp places by roadsides. McHenry, Vasey. Henderson county ; Rare. Gerardi, Loisel. N-E, Chicago, Vasey. tenuis, Willd. Common in wet meadows, &e. in Hancock county, Mead. Var. SECUNDUS Greenil, Oakes & Tuck. N-E. River banks near Kankakee, Hill. Vaseyi, Engelm. aaa. Near Ringwood, McHenry county, Vasey. alpinus, var. insignis, Fries. N. Near Ringwood, McHenry county, Vasey. acuminatus, Michx. : var. legitimus, Engelm. Low grounds, throughout. var. robustus, Engelm. ©. & S. From Hancock county (Mead) southward. var. debilis, Engelm. S. Southern [linois, Vasey. nodesus, IL. Ne Swamps. Kankakee county, Hill: and north- ward. PLANTS OF ILLINOIS. var. megacephalus, Torr. C. & N. Menard county, Hall: and northward. brachycarpus, Engelm. Moist woods and prairies. Scarce. Canadensis, J. Gay. : var. longicandatus, Eng. N. Kankakee county, Hill ; McHenry, Vasey. var. brachycephalus, Eng. N. Peoria county, Brendel, and probably northward. IN: var. coarctatus, Engelm. Kankakee county, Hill. PONTEDERIACEL. PONTEDERIA cordata, L. Ponds. HETERANTHERA reniformis, Ruiz & Pav. Wabash county, Schneck. Infrequent. S. limosa, Vahl. Illinois—Gray’s Manual. SCHOLLERA graminea, Willd. In ponds and s!ow streams. Frequent. p COMMELYNACE 4. COMMELYNA erecta, L. Wabash county, Schneck. Te Virginica, L. _&S. Henderson county, (in sandy barrens) ; Mason, Mead ; and southward. S. Cayennensis, Richard. Madison county, Hall ; and southward. TRADESCANTIA Virginica, L. Open woods and prairies. Common. pilosa, Lehm. C. & 5S. Hancock county, Mead; and southward. XY RIDACEA. XYRIS flexuosa, Muhl. Calumet, Cook county, (rare), Babcock ; Kanka- kee, Hill; Mason, Hail. Rare. CYPERACE &. CYPERUS flavescens, L. S. Low grounds. Jonesboro, Union county, Vasey. diandrus, Torr. Low grounds. Common. erythrorhizos, Muhl. River banks, throughout. Frequent. inflexus, Muhl. River banks, close to the water. Common. | acuminatus, Torr. C. & S. | Low grounds, from Henderson and Peoria coun- ties southward. Rare. phymatodes, Mubl. Wet places. Frequent. | strigosus, L. | Low grounds. Common. Michauxianus, Schultes. Low grounds. Frequent. Engelmanni, Steud. Low grounds. McHenry county, Vasey ; banks of Cahokia creek, St. Clair county, Engelmann. Schweinitzil, Torr. C. & N. Sandy river banks, from Mason county north- ward. Frequent. filiculmis, Vahl. Barrens. Frequent. C. & BS. ovularis, Torr. Barrens. Peoria county, Brendel; and south- ward. | KYLLINGIA pumila, Michx. C. & S. Low grounds. Menard county, Hall; and south- ward. DULICHIUM spathaceum, Pers. PRorders of ponds. FUIRENA | squarrosa, Michx. | Frequent. S. Jonesboro, Union county, Vasey. HEMICARPHA subsquarrosa, Nees. Sandy river banks, close to the water. ELEOCHARIS quadrangulata, R. Br. St. Clair county, Brendel. 46 CATALOGUE OF THE obtusa, Schultes. Wet places. Common. Engelmanni, Steud. Differs from the last in its cylindrical spikes, shorter bristles and always 2-cleft style. Missis- sippi bottoms opposite St. Louis, Enge'mann. var. detonsa, Gray. Bristles wanting g, or only their bases present. Spikes sometimes proliferous at base. Missis- sippi bottoms 1 mile south of Oquawka. palustris, R. Br. Wet places. Common. W olfii, Gray. “Perennial, with very slender creeping rhizomes in small, scattered tufts ; culm a foot high, slen- der, pale-glaucous, two-edged, flat on one side, | | convex on the other, faintly striate on both, | sheath with obliquely truncate hyaline opening ; spike ovate-oblong, acute ; scales oblong-ovate, obtuse, scarious, pale tinged with purple 3-parted ; achenium obovate, somewhat shining, faintly costate with about 9 ribs, the spaces be- tween the ribs transversely marked with dotted lines, tubercle small, depressed-truncate and with | the center more or less beaked: bristles of the perigynium (always?) none.” Margins of ponds. Fulton, Wolf; Menard, Hall. compressa, Sullivant. C. & N. Wet places, from Menard county northward. C. & N. intermedia, Schultes. With the last. tenuis, Schultes. Wet places. Common. acicularis, R. Br. Margins of ponds. Common. SCIRPUS pauciflorus, Lightfoot. N. Wet places. McHenry county, Vasey. ceespitosus, L. N. McHenry county, Vasey. pungens, Vahl. Wet places. Frequent. validus, Vahl. Ponds. Common. debilis, Pursh. Hancock county, Mead ; Menard, Hall. supinus, L., var. Halli, Gray. Mason county, Hall. ; style | Peoria county, Brendel ; | | | | | fluviatilis, Gray. C. & N. Margins of ponds and streams, from. Menard county northward. atrovirens, Mubl. Wet prairies. Frequent. polyphyllus, Vahl. S. Wet places. St. Clair county, Brendel; S&S. IIl., Vasey. lineatus, Michx. Low grounds. Common, except at the north. Eriophorum, Michx. Wet places. Frequent. ERIOPHORUM Virginicum, L. Near Chicago, Babcock. polystachyen, L. N. Bogs. Common near Chicago, Babcock ; Win- nebago county, Bebb ; McHenry, Vasey. We Peoria co., Brendel ; McHenry, Vasey. gracile, Koch. Bogs. FIMBRISTYLIS spadicea, Vahl., var. castanea, Gray. Sandy low grounds. Near Chicago, Babcock ; Kankakee county, Hiil ; Henderson; St. Clair, Brendel. Rare. laxa, Vahl. Dlinois—Gray’s Manual. autumnalis, Reem. & Schult. Margins of streams and ponds, with CypErRus INFLEXUS and ERAGROSTIS REPTANS. capillaris, Gray. Sandy barrens. Scarce. | RHYNCHOSPORA cymosa, Nutt. Kankakee county, Hill. alba, Vahl. Bogs. a Peoria co., Brendel ; McHenry, Vasey. capillacea, Torr. Elgin, Kane county, Vasey ; St. Clair, Brendel. glomerata, Vahl. Near Chicago, Babcock ; Kankakee co., Hill. 8. corniculata, Gray. Mound City, Pulaski county, Vasey. ' SCLERIA triglomerata, Michx. Prairies. Frequent. CAREX PLANTS OF CLADIUM mariscoldes, Torr. IN: Bogs. Cook county, Scammon in Herb. Bebb; | McHenry, Vasey. polytrichoides, Muhl. | Low grounds. Steudelii, Kunth. Near Chicago, and Elgin, Kane county, Vasey: | and frequent southward. Searce. C. &N. Menard county, Hall; and northward. disticha, Huds. C. & N. Menard county, Hall ; and northward. teretiuscula, Good. C. & N. Wet prairies, from Fulton county northward. siccata, Dew. Barrens. var. major, Koch. N. With the last in Winnebago county, Bebb. decomposita, Muhl. Illinois—Gray’s Manual. vulpinoidea, Michx. Low grounds. Common. crus-corvi, Shuttleworth. Wet places bordering woods and thickets. Frequent. stipata, Muhl. Low grounds. Common. conjuncta, Boott. Low grounds. Searce. sparganioides, Muhl. Low grounds. Frequent. cephaloidea, (Dew.) Boott. C. & N. Open grassy places. Fulton county, Wolf; and northward. Not so averse to animal manures as most Carices, and hence spreading in top-dressed meadows.—Bebb. Searce. cephalophora, Muhl. Woods and fields. Frequent. Muhlenbergii, Schk. | Barrens. Searce. | rosea, Schk. Moist woods and meadows. Frequent. retroflexa, Muhl. S.? Moist woods and meadows, southward. (Wash- ington county, Vasey ; Jackson, French.) chordorhiza, Ehrh. N. Cold bogs. McHenry county, Vasey. | ILLINOIS. 47 sterilis, Willd. Nee Wet places. Peoria county, Brendel; Kankakee, Hiil. stellulata, L. Wet places. C. & N. Menard co., Hall; and northward. var. scirpoides, Gray. C. & N. With the typical form. arida, Schw. & Torr. Damp woods and meadows. Frequent. scoparia, Schk. Wet meadows. Common. Bebbii, Olney. N. Moist prairies. Winnebago county, Bebb—(and along the great lakes and westward.) lagopodioides, Schk. Moist meadows and shady places. Common. cristata, Schw. Low grounds. Frequent. var. mirabilis, Boott. With the typical form. Frequent. foenea, Willd., var.? ferruginea, Bt. Menard county, Hall; Wabash, Schneck. straminea, Schk. Damp prairies and borders of woods. Common. Vars. TYPICA, TENERA and FESTUCACEA are common; var. CRAWEI in Winnebago county, Bebb; var. Meapm in Hancock county, Mead. aquatilis, Wahl. N. McHenry county, Vasey. aperta, Boott. Low prairies, &e. Frequent. stricta, Lam. Low grounds. Common. erinita, Lam. Low grounds. McHenry county, Vasey ; Han- eock, Mead ; Jackson, French. Searce. limosa, L. N. Bogs. Peoria county, Brendel. Buxbaumi, Wahl. gs. Not rare northward. Shortiana, Dew. C. & S. Swamps, from Peoria county southward. aurea, Nutt. N. Near Chicago, Babcock. Also the var. ANDRO- GYNA, Olney. Bo nm 48 CATALOGUE OF THE panicea, L., var. Meadii, Olney. Moist prairies. Infrequent. N.? ; Chicago, Babcock. var. Bebbii, Olney. Winnebago county, Bebb tetanica, Schk. Margins of Jakes and streams. Frequent. Crawei, Dew. N. South-west of Hyde Park, Cook county, (rare), Babcock. granularis, Muhl. Low grounds. Common. conoidea, Schk. | Moist prairies. Scarce. grisea, Wahl. Moist woods. Common. Davisil, Schw. & Torr. Moist meadows and damp woods. Frequent. virescens, Muhl. C&S. | Woods, from Hancock county southward. | triceps, Michx. C. & 5B. Woods and meadows, from Peoria county (Bren- | del) southward. | plantaginea, Lam. Rich woods. Washington county, French. Careyana, Torr. S. Rich woods. Marion county, Bebb; Jackson | and Union, Vasey, Brendel. | platyphylla, Carey. Rich woods. McHenry county, Vasey. retrocurva, Dew. Elgin, Kane county, Vasey. digitalis, Willd. Peoria county, Brendel; southern Lils., Vasey. | laxiflora, Lam. Open rich woods. Common. oligocarpa, Schk. C. & SB. | Woods. From Kankakee and Peoria counties | southward. Hitcheockiana, Dew. C. & S. Woods.. Peoria county, and southward. pedunculata, Muhl. IN. Elgin, Kane county, Vasey. umbellata, Schk. Rocky hillsides. Menard county, Hall: and northward. Scarce. Emmonsii, Dew. Dry woody hillsides. Menard county, Hall, and southward, Vasey, French. Rare. Pennsylvanica, Lam. Dry hillsides and barrens. Common. varia, Muhl. With the last. Frequent. Richardsonii, R. Br. C. & N. Prairies. Menard county, Hall; Peoria and Fulton, Brendel, Wolt; Winnebago, Bebb. Rare. pubescens, Muhl. Rich woods. Frequent. debilis, Michx. S. Southern Iilinois, Vasey. ; (Ederi, Ehrh. be Chicago, Babcock ; McHenry county, Vasey. filiformis, L. N. Bogs. Peoria county, Brendel ; and northward. (Winnebago and McHenry, Bebb, Vasey.) lanuginosa, Michx. Low grounds. Common. riparia, Curtis. Wet places. Infrequent. C. & N. Menard county, Hall; and north- trichocarpa, Muhl. Low grounds. ward. var. imberbis, Gray. C. & N. With the typical form. comosa, Boott. Wet places. Frequent. hystricina, Willd. Wet meadows. Common. tentaculata, Muhl. 7 Moist prairies. Freauent. intumescens, Rudge. Wet paces. Infrequent. Grayii, Carey. Damp, open woods along streams. Frequent. In the Oquiwka plant the fruit is “smooth and shining,” but other Ilinois specimens have a rough-beaked fruit. It is, however. easily dis- tingui~hed fiom the last species by the ‘*globose, densely flowered spikes, the perigynia spreading aud reflexed.” lupulina, Muhl. Common along streams and about ponds. ree * as PLANTS OF ILLINOIS. _VILFA lupuliformis, Sartwell. With the last. Peoria county, Brendel: Winne- bago, Bebb; Chicago, Babcock. squarrosa, L. C. &. S. Low grounds, from Henderson and Peoria coun- ties southward. Common. stenolepis, Torr. C. & S. Wet places, from Menard county southward. retrorsa, Schw. McHenry and Winnebago counties, Vasey, Bebb: also in Wabash, Schneck. Probably rare, except at the north. gigantea, Rudge. a Wabash county, Schneck. utriculata, Boott. Swamps. Frequent. monile, Tuckerman. Swamps. Infrequent. | Tuckermani, Boott. N. Wet places, from Hancock county northward. bullata, Schk. Hancock county, Mead. N. | longirostris, Torr. | Rich woods, from Hancock county (Mead) north- | ward. Scarce. GRAMINE &. | LEERSIA | Virginica, Willd. | Damp woods. Common. | oryzoides, Swartz. Margins of streams and ponds. Common. lenticularis, Michx. C. & S. | River banks, from Peoria and Henderson coun- | ties southward. ZIZANIA aquatica, L. Margins of ponds and sloughs. ALOPECURUS pratensis, L. Peoria county, Brendel. Common. geniculatus, L. | Wet meadows. Common near Oquawka, Hen- | derson county: Marion, Bebb. PHLEUM pratense, L. Fields, and escaped to roadsides. Common. | 49 aspera, Beauv. Dry hii!s and barrens. Common. vagineeflora, Torr. With the last. Common. Virginica, Beauv. Fulton county, Wolf. (Determined by Prof. A. Wood.) SPOROBOLUS heterolepis, Gray. Dry prairies and barrens. Frequent. cryptandrus, Gray. N. Sandy river banks and barrens. Common along Sines . *. *. . > the Mississippi at Oquawka; near Chicago, Bab- cock. Root perennial. AGROSTIS perennans, Tuckerm. Damp woods. Infrequent. scabra, Willd. Prairies and barrens. Common. vulgaris, With. Damp meadows. Common. alba, L. With the last. Scarce. CINNA arundinacea, L. Damp woods. Common. var. pendula, Gray. N. Kankakee county, Hill; Elgin, Kane co., Vasey. MUHLENBERGIA sobolifera, Trin. Open rocky woods. Infrequent. glomerata, Trin. C. & N. Bogs, from Menard county northward. Mexicana, Trin. Low grounds. Common. sylvatica, T. & G. Woods. Frequent. Willdenovi, Trin. Rocky woods. Common. diffusa, Schreber. Open woods. Frequent. BRACHYELYTRUM aristatum, Beauv. Shaded rocky hillsides. Frequent. 50 CATALOGUE OF THE CALAMAGROSTIS Canadensis, Beauv. Wet prairies and swamps. Common. C. & N. longifolia, Hook. Sandy barrens. Searce. N-E. cago, Babcock. arenaria, Roth. Lake shore at Chicago, Babcock. ORYZOPSIS melanocarpa, Muhl. Rocky woods. Peoria county, Brendel. STIPA spartea, Trin. C. & N. Prairies and barrens, from Menard county north- ward. Common. ARISTIDA ramosissima, Engelm. S. Dry prairies. St. Clair county, Brendel; Wa- bash, Schneck; Marion, (the var. UNIARISTATA) Vasey. dichotoma, Michx. Cl S: Barrens. Hancock county, Mead; Fulton, Wolf; | and southward. gracilis, Ell. C&S: Barrens, from Hancock county southward. stricta, Michx. Mason county, Mead. oligantha, Michx. C. & S. Barrens, from Henderson county southward. purpurascens, Poir. C. & S. Fulton county, Wolf; Menard, Hall; and south- ward. tuberculosa, Nutt. Sandy prairies and barrens. Near Chicago, Bab- cock ; and from Henderson county southward. SPARTINA cynosuroides, Willd. River bottoms. Common. BOUTELOUA oligostachya, Torr. N. Sandy prairies. Dixon, Lee county, Vasey. hirsuta, Lagasca. W. Sandy prairies and barrens. to Mason and Cass, and westward. Frequent. curtipendula, Gray. Prairies and barrens. Frequent. From Lee county | Mason county, Hall; along the | Mississippi above Oquawka ; lake shore at Chi- | | | | | } var. aristosa, Gray. With the typical form. DACTYLOCTENIUM AHgyptiacum, Willd. Illinois—Gray’s Manual. ELEUSINE Indica, Gortn. C. & 8. Gardens, &c., from Henderson and Peoria coun- ties southward. LEPTOCHLOA mucronata, Kunth. S. Mound City, Pulaski county, Vasey. fascicularis, Gray. C. & 5S. Low grounds. Menard county, Hall; and south- ward. TRICUSPIS seslerioides, Torr. C. & 8. Barrens, from Henderson and Peoria counties southward. purpurea, Gray. Sandy prairies and barrens, with BourELova HIRSUTA and PANICUM AUTUMNALE, from Hen- derson to Fulton (Wolf) and Mason (Mead) counties. DIARRHENA Americana, Beauv. C. & S. Rich woods, from Peoria county southward. DACTYLIS Glomerata, L. Fields and yards. KQ@LERIA cristata, Pers. Prairies and barrens. Washington co., French, and common northward. EATONIA obtusata, Gray. In dry soil. Frequent. Frequent. Pennsylvanica, Gray. Moist woods and meadows. MELICA mutica, Walt. Prairies and borders of woods. Frequent. Frequent. | @LYCERIA N. Kane and McHenry counties, Vasey. Canadensis, Trin. Bogs. nervata, Trin. Low grounds. Common. PLANTS OF ILLINOIS. 5 | fluitans, R. Br. Margins of ponds. Common. POA annua, L. Roadsides and waste places. Frequent. compressa, L. Roadsides, woods, &c., in dry soil. Frequent. serotina, Ehrhart. Low grounds. Frequent. pratensis, L. Common everywhere. sylvestris, Gray. Woods and meadows. Infrequent. alsodes, Gray. Woody hillsides. Hancock county, Mead. ERAGROSTIS reptans, Nees. Margins of streams and ponds, ciose to the water. pocoides, Beauv. Sandy roadsides, river banks, &c. var. megastachya, Gray. With the last and more common. pilosa, Beauv. eke Sandy waste places, river banks, &c. Common. Franki, Meyer. River banks, throughout. Frequent. tenuis, Gray. C. & SB. Sandy barrens, from Henderson co. to Menard : Wabash, Schneck. Searce. capillaris, Nees. Sandy barrens. Frequent. pectinacea, Gray. And var. SPECTABILIS, Gray. Common in sandy barrens. FESTUCA tenella, Willd. Common in dry grounds. elatior, L. Meadows. Scarce. nutans, Willd. Open woods and prairies. Common. BROMUS secalinus, L. Fields. Common. racemosus, L. Fields. Scarce. Kalmii, Gray. C. &N. Prairies, from Fulton county northward. ciliatus, L. Woody hillsides. UNIOLA latifolia, Michx. Rich woods on hillsides. and southward. Common. S. Marion county, Bebb ; PHRAGMITES communis, Trin. River bottoms and swamps. ARUNDINARIA macrosperma, Michx. Jackson and Union counties, French. tecta, Muhl. S. River banks. Wabash county, Schneck; Union, Wolf; and southward. LEPTURUS paniculatus, Nutt. W. Open grounds and salt licks in Hancock county, Mead. Common. S. TRITICUM repens, L. 1 . Reported only from the northern counties, where it is common. caninum, L..: N. McHenry county, Vasey. HORDEUM jubatum, L. Sandy prairies. Infrequent. pratense, Huds. C. & 5. Prairies. From Peoria and Henderson counties southward. ELYMUS Virginicus, L. River banks. Common. Canadensis, L. And var. GLAUCIFOLIUS, Gray. Common. striatus, Willd. Borders of woods. Infrequent. GYMNOSTICHUM Hystrix, Schreb. Rich woods. Frequent. a2 CATALOGUE OF THE DANTHONIA spicata, Beauv. Dry grounds. Infrequent. TRISETUM palustre, Torr. Il]inois—Gray’s Manual. HOuLCUS lanatus, TL. Moist meadows. Adams county, Mead. HIEROCHLOA borealis, R. & S. Wet prairies. northward. N. Grundy county, Brendel; and PHALARIS arundinacea, L. Wet places. Frequent. MILIUM effusum, L. N. Elgin, Kane county, Vasey. PASPALUM fluitans, Kunth. Swamps. ward. S. St. Clair county, Brendel ; and south- Walterianum, Schultes. S. St. Clair county, Brendel ©. & 8. Kankakee county, Hill; and setaceum, Michx. Sandy barrens. southward. leve, Michx. S. Damp grounds. Marion county, Bebb; and southward. PANICUM filiforme, L. C. & S. Sandy barrens, from Henderson county south- ward. Slabrum, Gaudin. Waste places. Common. sanguindale, L. Common in cultivated grounds. OC. & 5. and anceps, Michx. Low grounds. southward. Peoria county, Brendel ; agrostoides, Spreng. C. & S. Wet places, from Hancock county southward. proliferum, Lam. C. & 8. River banks, damp fields, &c., from Henderson county southward. | } | | capillare, L. Common in dry soil. autumnale, Bosc. Sandy prairies and barrens. Lee county, Vasey: Kankakee, Hill; rather common from Hender- son and Peoria to Menard ; and probably south- ward. Root perennial ! virgatum, L. Low grounds. Common. latifolium, L. Rich woods. Frequent. clandestinum, IL. Moist woods and open damp places. Frequent. S Marion county, Bebb ; and southward. microcarpon, Muhl. Woods. pauciflorum, Ell. ? Prairies. Common. dichotomum, L. Dry or damp prairies and woods. Common. depauperatum, Muhl. Dry prairies and barrens. Common. Crus-galli, L. And var. HIsPIpUM. Damp grounds. Common. SETARIA verticillata, Beauv. Cultivated grounds. Infrequent. Glauca, Beauv. Common in gardens and fields. viridis, Beauv. Cultivated grounds. CENCHRUS tribuloides, L. Sandy river banks. calities. TRIPSACUM dactyloides, L. C. & S. Low grounds. Along Spoon River in Fulton county, Mead ; and southward. Frequent. Too common in many lo- | ERIANTHUS alopecuroides, Ell. Illinois—Gray’s Manual. | ANDROPOGON fureatus, Muhl. Prairies and barrens. Common. scoparius, Michx. | Dry prairies and barrens. Common. eo... PLANTS OF Virginicus, L. S. St. Clair county, Brendel : and southward. SORGHUM nutans, Gray. Common in dry grounds. EQUISETACE &. EQUISETUM arvense, L. Damp places. Common. palustre, L. N. Wet places. Peoria county, Wolf, Brendel. limosum, L. In shallow water. Cass county, Mead; Peoria, Brendel! : McHenry, Vasey. Scarce. levigatum, Braun. C. & S$. In dry or moist clay and sand, from Henderson and Peoria counties southward. robustum, Braun. C. & S. River banks, from Peoria county southward. hyemale, L. Wet banks. Frequent. variegatum, Schleicher. N. Peoria county, Brendel. scirpoides, Michx. N. Ringwood, McHenry county, Vasey. FILICES. POLYPODIUM vulgare, I. Sandstone cliffs of Og'e county, Bebb : common in Jackson and Union, French, Forbes. incanum, Swartz. S. On trees and rocks. Jackson county, French : Wabash, Schneck ; and southward. ADIANTUM - pedatum, LL. Rich woods. Common. PTERIS aquilina, L. Copses. Common. CHEILANTHES vestita, Swartz. S. | Rocks. St. Cla‘r county, Brendel: and south- | ward. ay) lanuginosa, Nutt. Wi: Clefts of rocks. Near Galena, Brendel; Pike county, Mead; Jackson, French. ILLINOIS. PELLEA gracilis, Hook. In rocky ravines near the Kankakee river (rare) in Kankakee county, Hill. atropurpurea, Link. On dry rocks. Infrequent. ASPLENIUM pinnatifidum, Nutt. On rocks. Jackson and Union counties, French: Pope, Schneck. Trichomanes, L. S? On shaded rocks. Jackson and Union counties, French : Wabash, Sechneck. ebeneum, Ait. Open rocky woods. Scarce. angustifolium, Michx. Rich woods. Scarce. thelypteroides, Michx. Rich woods, Peoria and Fulton counties, Bren- del, Wolf ; Wabash, Schneck. Rare. Filix-foemina, Bernh. Rich woods. Frequent. CAMPTOSORUS rhizophyllus, Link. Shaded rocks, throughout, but Scarce. PHEGOPTERIS polypodioides, Fee. Damp woods. Menard county, Hall. hexavonoptera, Fee. Rich woods. Frequent. ASPIDIUM Thelypteris, Swartz. Swamps. Frequent. Noveboracense, Swartz. Swamps. kee, Hill ; E'gin, Kane county, Vasey ; Kanka- Wabash, Schneck. Searce. spinulosum, Swartz, ; B = var. intermedium, Eaton. Woods. Goldianum, Hook. Rich woods. Peoria and Fulton counties, Bren- del, Woif ; Makanda, Jackson county, Forbes. Infrequent. o4 PLANTS OF ILLINOIS. marginale, Swartz. Shaded rocky hillsides. acrostichoides, Swartz. Moist, shady hillsides. CYSTOPTERIS bulbifera, Bernh. Shaded rocks. fragilis, Bernh. Rich woods on hillsides. STRUTHIOPTERIS Germanica, Willd. Damp woods. ONOCLEA sensibilis, L. Wet places. WOODSIA obtusa, Torr. Rocks. Marion co., Bebb; Wabash, Schneck ; and southward. Ilvensis, R. Br. Occurs sparingly on sandstone cliffs near Oregon, Ogle county, Bebb. DICKSONIA punctilobula, Kunze. Wabash county, Schneck. OSMUNDA regalis, L. Wet woods. cinnamomea, IL. Damp woods. Common near Chicago, Babcock : Searee. Infrequent. Frequent. Common. Infrequent. Common. S.? N. Infrequent. Kankakee county, Hill ; Menard, Hall. | Claytoniana, . L. Moist ravines. Common. _BOTRYCHIUM | Virginicum, Swartz. | Rich woods. Frequent. lunarioides, Swarts, var. obliquum. Woods. S. Ill., Vasey, Schneck. OPHIOGLOSSUM | vulgatum, LL. | Wabash county, (a single plant), Schneck. LYCOPODIACE &. LYCOPODIUM | lucidulum, Michx. N. Damp woods. Evanston, Cook county, Vasey ; Ogle, Bebb. | Selago, L. N. | “Collected by J. W. Powell near Ottawa”—Vasey. | SELAGINELLA | rupestris, Spring. Dry rocks and barrens. Henderson county ; Ogle, Bebb. Rare, or overlooked. apus, Spring. Low, shady places. Scarce. ISOETES | melanopoda, J. Gay. C. & N. | Wet prairies and ponds. Menard county, Hall ;: Fulton, Wolf; McHenry, Vasey. | | HY DROPTERIDES. AZOLLA | Caroliniana, Willd. C. & S. | Ponds, from Henderson and Peoria counties | southward. Scarce. Par pe wien aes eae =m aes — i 3 5185 0032 “4 I g 4 “3 4 «fA | : 7 = a nen x a a rerninarrnannaan ne Vai Ra * ay a DAN SE , . S cra X | Henan naan 1 PT “ AER a x tan ah ain POCO ~~ 7 Do My ta (iit Ti SEED pen na wait Bisse tay a sp ; SD i4i3 si sain tot cm set i ions te os i sist is Hi He ns Tint iis) iit ne i