Southern California Association of Marine Invertebrate Taxonomists 3720 Stephen White Drive San Pedro, California 90731 April 1986 Vol. 5, No. 1 Next Meeting: May 12, 1986 Specimen Exchange Group: Pectinidae and Cardiidae Taxonomic Topic: Use of Open Nomenclature and Provisional Species. A document for discussion at this month’s meeting is included in this issue. MINUTES FROM: April 14, 1986 Papers that are to be presented in May at the SCAS meeting were previewed by SCAMIT members. The actual papers will be heard on May 2nd during the contributed paper session being sponsored by SCAMIT. Cathy Crouch reviewed some of the data which describes the infauna in beds of intertidal surfgrass. Descriptions of several new Syllidae were presented by Leslie Harris. Tony Phillips discussed the status of Leptognathidae collected along the local coast, and Sue Williams explained the use of methyl green stain in differentiating certain polychaete groups. Changes in SCAMIT Newsletter Vol. 3 No. 8 (by Jim Roney) James T. Carlton (Oregon Institute of Marine Biology, University of Oregon), in a personal communication, has stressed the synonymization of Crangon alaskensis elongata to Crangon alaskensis (Kuris & Carlton, 1977, Biol. Bull., 153: p. 540, third paragraph). Dr. Carlton explained why a conservative approach should be taken and "--until the subspecies can be shown to be valid, we should not use the name," with which I now agree. The subspecific differences are on a latitudinal cline. Rathbun herself synonymized the subspecies by citing "insensible gradations" (Rathbun 1902) between the differing forms. The genus Neocrancjon Zarenkov, 1986, has been accepted (Squires & Figueira, 1974), partially accepted and slightly revised (Kuris & Carlton, 1977), or considered to be invalid (Butler, 1980). FUNDS FOR THIS PUBLICATION PROVIDED IN PART BY CHEVRON U.S.A. INC., ARCO FOUNDATION AND TEXACO, INC. Vol. 5, No. 1 Originally my line of thought followed that of Butler, but after additional discussions and research I now consider Kuris and Carlton’s application of Zarenkov's name Neocrangon to be correct. Therefore, in Vol. 3 No. 8 Crangon communis , C. resima and C. zacae should be changed to Neocrangon communis , N. resima , and N. zacae . Unfortunately, crustacean taxonomy is in a constant state of change; presently two of the above species of Neocrangon are being synonymized along with description of a third. These changes will be noted in a future newsletter as soon as they are published. I would like to thank Dr. James T. Carlton for his interest in the SCAMIT newsletter for personally responding, and his continued communication on crangonid taxonomy which has been considerably beneficial to myself and others. John Dorsey’s trip to Wood's Hole John Dorsey attended a Polychaete workshop at Battelle Northeast Marine Research Laboratories on March 21, 1986. During this workshop the first meeting of the East Coast Association of Marine Invertebrate Taxonomists (ECAMIT) was held. Enthusiasm was great despite logistical problems of frequent meetings. Below are the minutes of this meeting compiled by the organizer, Nancy Mountford. The first meeting of ECAMIT was held March 21, 1986 at Battelle New England Marine Research Laboratory, Duxbury, MA. Twenty-eight taxonomists attended with a latitudinal range of Maine to Florida. Jim Blake (Battelle NEMRL) led off with a discussion of the state of cirratulid taxonomy. Specifically, he discussed what differentiates Tharyx from Caulleriella and Chaetozone and some of the problems with the generic descriptions of these species. Also, within Tharyx spp., he believe T. annulosus = T. dorsobranchialis which also = Monticellina heterochaetous in which case T. dorsobranchialis would have priority. He had demonstration slides of several taxa of Tharyx , Chaetozone and Caulliella which he shared with the group. In addition, the participants set up demonstrations of cirratulids from their study locations. It was later agreed to work again on this family at our next meeting, using a specimen exchange ahead of time. Battelle hosted us all for an excellent buffet lunch. During lunch we got a chance to view a real SCAMIT meeting in progress, Pat Hutchings lecturing on Mediomastus taxonomy. Unfortunately the audio was difficult to hear in a group audience, but the tape was available for loan to die-hard Capitellid lovers. Ann Frame (NMFS, Sandy Hook, NJ) next led the discussion on Lumbrineridae. Her method of generic differentiation is mainly based on dentition and she handed out a key to genera and a key to species. These keys included erection of a new genus and several species yet to be published. Ann showed examples of the - 2 - Vol. 5, No. 1 taxa she discussed, and the participants set up demonstrations of the material from their individual locations. John Dorsey (Hyperion Treatment Plant, Los Angeles, CA) SCAMIT president, gave a talk on how SCAMIT operates its meetings and how we could benefit from their experience- (To follow.) It was generally acknowledged that since the East Coast group is so spread out geographically, monthly meetings weren't possible. Instead, we decided to try an arrangement of splitting into three geographic subsets along the regional divisions of the Estuarine Research Federation, NEERS, AERS, and SEERS. There will be two to three meetings per year of one to two days duration to be held in conjunction with an ERF regional society in the fall and coast¬ wide with the Benthic Ecology Meetings in the spring. The third meeting per year will be decided upon by each region, but most likely will result in a two-day meeting either alone eg. in summer or with the spring regional meeting of ERF societies. By voice proclamation, Sheldon Pratt was selected as the New England (NEERS) regional representative, Nancy Mountford from the mid-Atlantic (AERS) region, and Harvey Rudolf from southern (SEERS) region. These people will be responsible for coordinating the taxonomy workshops in their region. The coast-wide spring meeting will be organized by the person into whose region the Benthic Ecology Meeting meets. (It will be held in North Carolina State, Spring f 87.) Contact: Lisa Levin, (919) 737-7840. It was also decided that (1) voucher specimens generated should be housed at the US National Museum, Washington, DC.; (2) sources of funding from various agencies will be looked into as we demonstrate our usefulness to government agencies and industry; (3) we hold workshops on other invertebrate groups in addition to polychaetes; (4) we should join SCAMIT as individuals. The advantage here is receiving the monthly newsletter and to give us space for an "East Coast Column" without the hassles of starting our own newsletter de novo . Harvey, Nancy, Sheldon and John met over lunch at the BEM to work out more of the details for the next meeting. They decided to continue work on cirratulids, start capitellids and either paraonids or dorvilleids for the fall regional meetings. They will each announce the formation of ECAMIT at the spring meeting of their respective ERF society. Following the fall ECAMIT regional meetings and prior to the spring meeting, there will be a specimen exchange coast-wide. How to Run an ECAMIT Meeting : BEFORE MEETING: 1. Select the meeting dates. 2. Select groups to work on. 3. Arrange for discussion leader for each group. - 3 - Vol. 5, No. 1 4. Decide which species to work on. Round-up enough specimens from a given lab to have enough to send at least one specimen to each participating lab. Specimens should not be labelled with species name, only a .reference number. 5. Each participant at a given lab should identify the specimens and come up with what their lab would call it. AT THE MEETING: 1. Pass out a sheet labelled with the code for each specimen in exchange. Everyone signs in what they identified it as. If there is complete agreement on identity, then no further discussion is needed. If not in agreement, that specimen will be discussed by the person running the afternoon demonstration. 2. AM: guest lecture, business conducted. Decide ahead of time what questions to ask the guest speaker. 3. PM: Lab work - one person is preselected to work on the microscope, which is linked to a video display, and talk about each specimen. Another person assists by setting up slides to avoid delay. If possible, TV screens are set up so everyone can watch at the same time. Come to an agreement on what everyone will call each specimen discussed. Make a voucher specimen out of the best examples of teach taxa. 4. Following the meeting, the discussion leader for each group writes up notes to be published in the SCAMIT newsletter. The difference between a regional meeting and coast-wide meeting will be that each region should come to a conclusion as to what a given specimen is to be called. At the coast-wide meeting, each region signs in on the sheet for each species. If all agree, then there is no further discussion; if not a demonstration is made in the TV/microscope to work out the differences. In order for this to work, all regions should work on the same base group of specimens (they may want to also work on regional problems). The three regional coordinators should remain in close communication for this to work. Enclosed you will find a copy of our new SCAMIT brochure. Pass it on! Dominic Gregorio of Texaco USA recently (April 18th) presented SCAMIT a check for $2,500 representing TEXACO's contribution for 1986, Our sincere thanks to TEXACO for this contribution. Dominic will be giving a presentation of Texaco's marine biological studies on deep-water, hard-bottom communities during our forthcoming July meeting this summer. - 4 - Vol. 5, No. 1 Lists of Specimens from April 14, 1986 HYP57 LAC073 LAC074 LAC074 (in part) MBC45 MBC46 OC62 OC63 OC64 OC65 OC66 PL68 Fabrisabella sp. B SCAMIT, 1986 Chone. veleronis Banse, 1972 Melinna heterodonta Moore, 1923 Melinna oculata Hartman, 1969 Fotamethus sp. A SCAMIT, 1986 Euchone sp. A SCAMIT, 1986 Chone sp. B SCAMIT, 1986 Fabrisabella sp. B SCAMIT, 1986 Chone albocincta Banse, 1972 Chone minuta Hartman, 1944 Potamilla socialis (Hartman, 1944) Chone albocincta Banse, 1972 TRAVELS WITH OLGA: Gustafsson's Pensionat Sveagagen 108, 4re Stockholm, Sweden 23 September 1939 Dear Frieda and Chauncey: I have had no word from you for a very long time. I hope all is well with both of you, although I know that Lost Hills must be quite cold by now. Stockholm is also cold. There is talk of expecting snow, but up to now it is still rain and mostly sunshine. It has been very beautiful here the past month, and warm enough to enjoy the out-of-doors. One find many interesting walks and rides in Stockholm. I have walked much along the water front (easy walking distance from my pension) and seen the activity around the ships. Now boats are largely Scandinavian, but in normal times there are boats from many parts of the world. Also, along these water fronts there are many fishermen at their trade. They operate small row boats (hand-propelled), with a large broom at one end from which is suspended an enormous, bag-like net. This they lower into the water, to the bottom, by means of a winch, and after a certain time draw it up. There is always a large audience to see what might come up. The water here, as also in the Baltic, is far less salt than marine, - in fact, only about 1/3 as much, hence supports a rather limited fauna. Stockholm is a very modern city, - its accomodations and customs not greatly different from those in America. If it were not for the strange language, one might perhaps note little difference, except for much greater pride and cleanliness here, and for much orderliness (I am still a patriotic American, and prefer California!) But one breathes easily here, and enjoys the best kinds of foods in great profusion. There is now some talk of issuing ration cards, such as Norway is already using, - but everyone is hoping it will not become necessary. My plans are as little known to me as to you. I hope I may stay here through October and possibly into November, - but after that there is as yet no likelihood that I may go to Germany. If I return to America, it will probably be to Washington, D.C. but no arrangements have yet been made. - 5 - PROPOSAL FOR DEVELOPMENT OF SCAMIT PROTOCOLS FOR USE OF PROVISIONAL TAXA AND OPEN NOMENCLATURE The frequent discovery of taxonomically new or problematic species is an inevitable consequence of the many biological surveys of marine inverte¬ brate communities being conducted in Southern California, The taxono¬ mist examining such material is faced with two choices. Either the specimen represents a taxon new to science, therefore worthy of a provisional name and, ultimatly, formal status through publication; or its identity is uncertain for reasons not justifying erection of a new taxon, but sufficiently significant to warrent a conditional name. Having made this determination the taxonomist must then select a nomenclatural means of designating an identification as provisonal or conditional. The nomenclature used in these cases is not codified by the ICZN and may be referred to as open nomenclature. The various forms of open nomenclature and their uses are governed largely by tradition and personal preference. As a result a number nomenclatural devices are in commom use. Examples of some of these and their usual meanings are: affinis (aff.) Placed between generic and trivial name or conferre (cf.) following the abbreviation 'sp. 1 to indicate near (nr.) similarity of a unidentified specimen to a described species. fide.... Placed between a binomial and name of an of. author. Indicates a species definition by sensu... the listed author rather than the original author's, from which it differs in some manner. ? Variously placed around or within the binomial to indicate uncertainty of the identification. " ” Placed around the binomial, generic, or trivial name. Usually indicates uncertainty that species is well defined or has otherwise uncertain status. sp. A,B,C... Following a generic name to indicate a unique sp. 1,2,3... species of unknown identity. Is applied to sp. I,II,III.. cases where the species is recognized as, or suspected of being, new to science and in cases where identity is simply unknown. As a step toward its goal of developing a regionally standardized taxonomy, it is appropriate that SCAMIT adopt protocols for the use of open nomenclature for the erection of provisional taxa and conditional designations. The protocols proposed below are intended to promote discussion of this issue leading to the adoption of some standard practice. PROVISIONAL TAXA The pasz 20 years of relatively intense surveying of marine communities in Southern California involving many different taxonomists has led to erection of numerous provisional species. Cases of a single species being given different designations by different workers, as well as the identical designations being applied to different species have occurred. While this has led to some confusion among the various taxonomists in the region, the potential for confusion becomes greater when data sets from different sources within the region are compared. A case in point is the effort of the EPA to develop a national data base from data collected through 301(H) monitoring programs. While only very small amounts of data from only three programs in Southern California have been submitted to the EPA to date, the confusion over provisional species has led to a reluctance on the part of EPA to recognize such taxa. As a result the EPA has recently decided, that for Southern Calififornia data sets submitted to their data managment system, only provisional taxa recognized by SCAMIT will be considered valid* It can be expected that this problem will occur whenever attempts are made to combine or blend taxonomic data from different sources. SCAMIT provides a mechanism, through its taxonomic standardization program, to resolve this confusion by imposing, after review of the material, its own designations for provisional taxa from Southern California. The original designations of provisional taxa subsequently recognized by SCAMIT will be considered synonyms. Proposed SCAMIT Protocol for Provisional Taxa Criterion for use: In cases where a specimen is known or suspected of being new to science, having not appeared in the refereed literature it is to be given a provisional designation in order to distinguish it from other closley related taxa. Specimens that may be closely referred to published descriptions in the refereed literature do not justify provisional designations but should be given conditional designations (see below) It should be noted that Webster’s defines "provisional” as "provided for a temporary need". Provisional names should not be allowed to stand forever; they are interim steps leading to resolution of the question through publication. Rule 1; The provisional designation is formed by the word Species 1 (or sp.) followed by a capital letter and is combined with the name of the lowest taxon in which the specimen can be placed with certainty. Ex 1: When the genus is known the genus name t Rule 2: Rule 3: Rule 4: Rule 5: Rule 6: is followed by the construct *sp. A,B,C,.. (e.g. Campylaspis so. B) Ex 2: When the generic status is uncertain, or when the specimen is suspected of re¬ presenting a new genus as well as species, the family name is followed by the cons¬ truct *sp. A,B,C,...* (e.g. Dorvilleidae sp. D) Ex 3: When the specimen can not be placed with certainty in a family or higher taxon the lowest taxon certain is followed by the construct 'sp. A,B,C,... f (e.g. Cephalaspidea sp. A) In forming provisional names using taxa above the generic level the full latinized name of the taxon is to be used (see Ex 2 & 3 above). Within a provisional name series the letters are to be assigned in alphabetical order. The removal of a species from provisional status does not affect any remaining members of that provisional name series. The erection of a provisional species is to be supported by a diagnosis or description as well as appropriate figures. The original designations of provisional taxa subsequently recognized and named by SCAMIT will be considered synonyms. COMMENTS: It is assumed that in practice the recognition of a new species rather than a genus or higher taxon, creates the need for the erection of a provisional taxon. It is also assumed that a primary use of provisional species is to maximize the ecological information resulting from the taxonomic analysis of a community and that systematic infor¬ mation is a different concern. Therefore this protocol does not allow the explicit erection of provisional genera, families, etc. In the cases of provisional binomials that do not contain the genus name the missing taxa may also be new, or merely be indeterminate. In those cases where the material represents not only a new species but a new genus as well, the alternative is to create both a provisional genus and species name. The resulting name (i.e. Genus A sp. C) is more awkward and provides no more ecological information (and less taxonomic info.) than Spionidae sp. C. CONDITIONAL DESIGNATIONS Conditional designations are generally appropriate in situations where the specimen at hand may be closely referred to published descriptions. The following protocol addresses two specific cases requiring different nomenclateral designations. Other cases may be imagined requiring still other designations. SCAMIT should develop protocols applying to each distinct situation. The use of conditional designations such as described below provides much more information than the unnecessary erection of provisional species. For specimens that are not strongly suspected of being new species, these designations clearly relate the material to widely available published descriptions. Proposed SCAMIT Protocol for Conditional Designations CASE 1 Criteria for use: If the specimen closely matches a species description in the literature but differs in some minor way(s) that raise questions about its assignment OR The description in the literature is too vague or incomplete to be certain It may be conditionally assigned to that species by means of a designation reflecting its close relationship to (or unity with) that species. Rule 1 The conditional designation is formed by interposing the term ’conferre’ (cf.) between the genus name and the trivial name. (e.g. Spiophanes cf. wig leyi ) Rule 2 Such a designation should be accompanied by a description of the characters by which it differs from the nominal species. COMMENTS: Other forms may be used though only one should be adopted. 'Conferre’ (to refer), 'affinis' (bordering on), ’near 1 , are all all suitable. There may be others. CASE 2 Criterion for use: If a specimen is compatible with a description in the literature other than the original (particularly if the compatible account is based upon a local pop. while the type locale is distant) a conditional designation may be used that clearly indicates that the description of the species compatible with the the specimen is other than the original. Rule The conditional name is formed by following the binomial with the term 1 fide 1 and the author of the subsequent description to which the specimen is being referred. COMMENTS: Other forms may be used here but only one should be adopted. 'Fide* (faithful), 'sensu* (sense), ’of', are all suitable forms, as is the interposition of a colon (:) between binomial and author. There may be other forms. Whichever form is adopted it should agree with ICZN Chapter XI Article 51(b)(i). TENTATIVE DESIGNATIONS Frequently the inability to assign a name with certainty is a result of the specimen missing some diagnostic character as the result of damage, immaturity, senescence, etc. In such cases the identification is considered tentative and should be so indicated. Criterion for use: If the inability to assign a name with certainty is a result of the specimen missing some diagnostic character as a result of damage, reproductive state, immaturity, senescence, etc. the identification is considered tentative. Rule: The tenative nature of the identification may be indicated by the placing of ? in front of the questioned taxon. AMPELISCA OF THE NORTHEASTERN PACIFIC REGION Oregon - Arctic Ocean: Ampelisca birulai Bruggen 1909 Ampelisca eschrichti Kroyer 1842 Ampelisca hessleri Dickinson 1982 Mexico - Alaska Ampelisca Ampelisca Ampelisca Ampelisca Ampelisca Ampelisca Ampelisca Ampelisca Ampelisca Ampelisca Ampelisca Ampelisca Ampelisca Ampelisca Ampelisca Ampelisca Ampelisca Ampelisca Ampelisca Ampelisca Ampelisca Ampelisca Ampelisca Ampelisca agassizi (Judd 1896) amblyopsoides J.L. Barnard 1960 brevisimulata J.L. Barnard 1954 careyi Dickinson 1982 coeca Holmes 1908 cristata Holmes 1908 cristata forma microdentata J.L. Barnard 1954 cristoides J.L. Barnard eoa Gurjanova 1951 fageri Dickinson 1982 furcigera Bulycheva 1936 hancocki J.L. Barnard 1954 nr. hancocki MBC indentata J.L. Barnard 1954 lobata J.L. Barnard 1954 macrocephala Liljeborg 1852 milleri J.L. Barnard 1954 pacifica Holmes 1908 plumosa Holmes 1908 pugetica Stimpson 1864 romigi J.L. Barnard 1954 shellenbergi Shoemaker 1933 unsocalae J.L. Barnard 1960 sp. A SCAMIT, 1986 Mexico - Central and South America Ampelisca cucullata J.L. Barnard 1954 Ampelisca mexicana J.L. Barnard 1954 Ampelisca panamensis J.L. Barnard 1954 Ampelisca shoemakeri J.L. Barnard 1954 Ampelisca venetiensis Shoemaker 1916 SCAMIT Vol. 5, No. 1 ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY OF LITERATURE ON NEP AMPELISCID AMPHIPODS Barnard, J.L. 1954a. Amphipoda of the Family Ampeliscidae collected in The Eastern Pacific Ocean by the Velero III and Velero IV. Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions; 18(1), pp. 1-137, pits. 1-38. The major source for description and illustrations of Eastern Pacific ampeliscids, although the key has been superceded, and taxonomy used here has been amended by later publications. Barnard, J.L. 1954b. Amphipoda of the Family Ampeliscidae collected by the Velero III in the Caribbean Sea. Allan Hancock Atlantic Expeditions; report No. 7, 12 pp., 2 pits. Illustrates some of the variations in urosome morphology for A. cristoides , and A. agassizi (as A. vera ). Barnard, J.L. 1960a. New bathyal and sublittoral ampeliscid amphipods from California, with an illustrated key to Ampelisca . Pacific Naturalist, 1(16-17), pp. 1-37, 11 figs. Presentation of a reworked key to both local and world-wide species of Ampelisca using pictorial, tabular, and the usual verbal approaches. Ampelisca amblyopsoides n. sp., A. macrocephala unsocalae n. ssp., and Byblis barbarensis n. sp. described. Additional information and/or illustration provided for A. eoa , A. coeca , A. furcigera . A, plumosa , and Haploops tubicola . New synonyms; A. catalinensis to eoa , A. latipes to macrocephala , A. californica and gnathia both to A. pugetica , A. vera to compressa , and A. isocornea to romigi . Most synonymies resulting from recognition of relationships between females and gerontic males. Barnard, J.L. 1966a. Submarine canyons of Southern California. Part V- Systematics: Amphipoda. Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions; 27(5), 166 pp., 46 figs., 22 tabs. Presentation of a key to world-wide Byblis . Description of Ampelisca romigi ciego n. sp., Byblis bathyalis n. sp. and B. tannerensis n. sp. Reintroduction of Haploops spinosa as a valid name based on presence/absence of spine row on periopod 5. Barnard, J.L. 1967. New species and records of Pacific Ampeliscidae (Crustacea: Amphipoda). Proceedings of the United States National Museum; 121(3576), 20 pp., 4 figs. Introduction of Ampelisca eschrichti records from Eastern Pacific. Provision of additional illustrations of A. eschrichti and A. schellenbergi from Albatross material. SCAMIT Vol. 5, No. 1 Barnard, J.L. 1971a. Gammaridean Amphipoda from a deep-sea transect off Oregon. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology; No. 61, 86 pp., 48 figs. Provision of additional illustrations of Ampelisca eschrichti . First Eastern Pacific record of Byblis crassicornis (now recorded from the Bight by Rich Klink ex BLM material). Rectification of previous Haploops spinosa / tubicola controversy by recognition of Kanneworff T s synonymy of spinosa with tubicola. Bousfield, E.L. 1973. Shallow-water gammaridean Amphipoda of New England, xii+312 pp., 69 pits. Comstock Publishing Associates/Comell University Press, Ithaca. Good illustrations of Ampelisca agassizi and A. macrocephala . Dickinson, J.J. 1982. Studies on Amphipod Crustaceans of the Northeastern Pacific Region. I. 1. Family Ampeliscidae, Genus Ampelisca . National Museums of Canada, Publications in Biological Oceanography, No. 10, pp. 1-39. Presents a key to Ampelisca found between the Bering Sea and Northern California, but does not include several species found in southern California ( Ampelisca amblyopsoides , A. coeca , A. eoa , A. furcigera , A. indentata , A. pacifica , A. romigi ). A bathymetric subspecies A. macrocephala unsocalae Barnard, 1960 is elevated to species rank. Two geographic variants are elevated to separate species: A. fageri from A. schellenbergi Shoemaker 1933; A. careyi from A. macrocephala Liljeborg, 1852. A. hessleri is described from northern British Columbia waters. Dickenson, J.J. 1983. The Systematics and Distributional Ecology of the Superfamily Ampeliscoidea (Amphipoda: Gammaridea) in the Northeastern Pacific Region. II. The Genera Byblis and Haploops . National Museum of Canada, Publications in Natural Sciences, No. 1, pp. 1-32. Presents keys to Byblis and Haploops found between northern California and the region of the Bering Sea. A new species of Byblis , B. millsi , is described whose range includes southern California; earlier descriptions of B. veleronis Barnard, 1954 have turned out to be B. millsi . Lists six species of Byblis ( veleronis , millsi , barbarensis , bathyalis , tannerensis and teres ) and two species of Haploops ( tubicola and lodo ) whose range includes California. Hirayama, A. 1983. Taxonomic Studies on the Shallow Water Gammaridean Amphipoda of West Kyushu, Japan. I. Acanthonotozomatidae, Ampeliscidae, Ampithoidae, Amphilochidae, Anamixidae, Argissidae, Atylidae and Colomastigidae. Publ. Seto Mar. Biol. Lab., 28(1/4): 75-150. Full description with illustrations of Ampelisca furcigera Bulycheva, 1936. SCAMIT Vol. 5, No. 1 Holmes, S.J. 1908. The Amphipoda collected by the U.S. Bureau of Fisheries Steamer "Albatross" off the West Coast of North America in 1903 and 1904, with descriptions of a new family and several new genera and species. Proc. United States National Museum, 35(1654):489-543, 46. figs. Original descriptions of Ampelisca cristata, A. plumosa , A. pacifica , A. californica (= pugetica Stimpson), A. coeca , and A. lobata , all very poorly illustrated. Kanneworff, Ebbe. 1966. On some amphipod species of the Genus Haploops , with special reference to H. tubicola Liljeborg and H. tenuis sp. nov. from the Oresund. Ophelia, 3:183-207, pit. 7, 8 figs. Very well documented synonymy of Haploops spinosa with H. tubicola , and provision of copius illustrative material. Lincoln, R.J. 1979. British Marine Amphipoda; Gammaridea. vi-658 pp., 3 pits., 280 figs., British Museum (NH). Excellent illustrated key separating Ampelisca , Byblis , and Haploops at generic level. Description and illustration of Ampelisca macrocephala and A. eschrichti and Haploops tubicola . Mills, R.L. 1967. A reexamination of some species of Ampelisca (Crustacea:Amphipoda) from the East Coast of North America. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 45:635-652, 4 figs., 3 tabs. Useful key to Western Atlantic Ampelisca , a surprising number of which are also present in our fauna. Synonymy of A. compressa (and vera ) with A. agassizi . Clear tabular comparison of A. macrocephala and A. eschrichti . Illustrations, though originally fine, were reduced to far for printing and are of limited use. Shoemaker, C.R. 1931. The stegocephalid and ampeliscid amphipod crustaceans of Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick in the United States National Museum. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 79(2888), 18 pp., 6.figs. Good original description and illustrations of Haploops spinosa now synonymized with H. tubicola. Ampelisca agassizi (Judd 1896) Ampeliscidae SCAMIT Vol. 5, No. 1 SCAMIT Code: HYP 55, PL 66 Date examined: 3-10-86 Voucher by C.A. Phillips & J.D. Roney Literature: Barnard, J.L. 1954 Dickinson, J.J. 1982 Synonymy: Byblis agassizi Judd 1896 Ampelisca compressa Holmes 1903 Ampelisca vera J.L. Barnard 1954 Ampelisca agassizi Holmes 1905 Ampelisca agassizi Mills 1967 Ampelisca agassizi Bousfield 1973 Diagnostic Characters: 1. epimeron 3 without acute tooth on lower posterior corner. 2 . 3. 4. 5. 6 . 7. Related urosomite 1 with well developed carina, rounded posteriorly, uropod 1 peduncle short and stout, rami elongated and equal in length, rami reaching end of uropod 2, uropod 3 rami lanceolate, antenna 1 does not reach end of antenna 2 peduncle, urosome compressed, telson lobes apices blunt with 4-5 setules. Species and Character Differences: Ampelisca sp. A: uropod 1 outer ramus twice the length of inner ramus, anterior margin segment 5 of P7 with notch. Ampelisca romigi J.L. Barnard 1954: uropod 3 rami slender (female), uropod 1 peduncle not stout, tip of inner ramus uropod 3 is ’slightly' uncinate. Distribution: In northeastern and eastern Pacific - Queen Charlotte Islands to Cape San Francisco, Equador; 0-300 meters. Ampelisca agassizi (Judd 1896) Ampeliscidae SCAMIT Vol 5, No. 1 Ampelisca agassizi (Judd). Swanson Bay, B.C., ? 9 mm ov. Shoal Bay, B.C. t ^ 10 mm Figure from Dickinson, 1982; National Museums of Canada Ampelisca cristata Holmes 1908 Ampeliscidae SCAMIT Vol. 5, No. 1 SCAMIT Code: PL 67, SCCWRP 67 Date examined: 3-10-86 Voucher by C.A. Phillips and J.L. Roney Literature: Holmes, S.J. 1908 Barnard, J.L. 1954 Dickinson, J.J. 1982 Diagnostic Characters: 1. epimeron 3 with acute tooth on lower posterior corner, 2. uropod 1 rami nearly reaching end of uropod 2, 3. urosomite 1 dorsal surface elevated into lamellar carina, 4. uropod 2 outer ramus with long subapical spine, 5. lower front margin of head parallel to upper margin. Related Species and Character Differences: Ampelisca cristoides J.L. Barnard 1954: urosomite 1 dorsal lamellar carina strongly incised. Comments: J.L. Barnard noted in his 1954 paper a second form of A. cristata which he separated as A. cristata forma microdentata . This separation was based on the reduction in size of the tooth at the lower posterior angle of epimeron 3. In the material he studied he found no intergrades between the typical A. cristata and the new form. Specimens of A. cristata forma microdentata have been found in depths of 10 meters or less in certain areas of southern California by Doug Diener of MEC. Distribution: Alexander Archipelago, Alaska to Port Parker, Costa Rica; 0-152 meters. Ampelisca cristata Holmes 1908 Ampeliscidae SCAMIT Vol. 5, No. 1 Ampelisca cristata Holmes. Swanson Bay, B.C. ? 10 mm, br. II Figure from Dickinson, 1982; National Museums of Canada Ampelisca lobata Holmes 1908 Ampeliscidae SCAMIT Vol. 5, no. 1 SCAMIT Code: MBC 43 Date examined: 3-10-86 Voucher by C.A. Phillips & J.D. Roney Literature: Holmes, S.J. 1908 Barnard, J.L. 1954 Dickinson, J.J. 1982 Synonymy: Ampelisca articulata Stout 1913 Diagnostic Characters: (Figure 1) 1. epimeron 3 without an acute tooth on lower posterior corner, 2. basal lobe P7 extending beyond segment 3, 3. spines lacking on posterior margin of segment 5 of P5 and P6, 4. segment 3 of P7 subequal in length to segment 4, 5. uropod 1 rami shorter than peduncle, 6. antenna 1 reaching end of antenna peduncle, 7. segment of P7 lacks sping bearing notch on anterior margin, 8. outer ramus uropod 1 spinulose on inner margin, 9. inner ramus uropod 3 with six spine-bearing serrations on inner margin. Related Species and Character Differences: Ampelisca fageri Dickinson 1982: segment 5 of P7 with spine-bearing notch on anterior margin; outer ramus uropod 1 unarmed along inner margin; inner ramus uropod 3 lacking spine-bearing serrations along inner margin. Distribution: Queen Charlotte Islands to Baja California; 0-183 meters. Ampelisca lobata Holmes 1908 Ampeliscidae SCAMIT Vol. 5, No. 1 Ampelisca lobata Holmes. Stn. H21 (1964), North Bank Island, B.C. 9 ? mm, ov. Figure 1. from Dickinson, 1982; National Museums of Canada. Ampeiisca milleri J.L. Barnard 1954 Ampeliscidae SCAMXT Vol 5, No. 1 SCAMIT Code: LACO 70 Date examined: Voucher by C.A. Phillips and J.D Literature: Barnard, J.L. 1954 Dickinson, J.J. 1982 Diagnostic Characters: 1. epimeron 3 without acute tooth on lower posterior corner, 2. basal lobe P7 only reaching end of article 3, 3. spines present posterior article 5 of P5 & P6, 4. article 3 longer than article 4 of P7, 5. uropod 2 without subapical spine on outer ramus, 6. no notch on anterior face of article 5 of P7, 7. uropod 1 rami nearly reaches end of uropod 2. Related Species and Character Differences: Ampeiisca hessleri Dickinson 1982: article 3 and article 4 of P7 subequal, spines not present on posterior margin of segment 5 of P5 & P6. Ampeiisca birulai Bruggen 1909: article 3 and article 4 of P7 subequal, spines not present on posterior margin of segment 5 of P5 & P6, uropod 2 with subapical spine on outer ramus, antenna 1 extends beyond peduncle of antenna 2. Ampeiisca plumosa J.L. Barnard 1960: article 3 and article 4 of P7 subequal, spines not present on posterior margin segment 5 of P5 & P6, uropod 2 with subapical spine on outer ramus, eyes not present. Distribution: Dillon Beach, California to Ecuador and the Galapagos Islands; 0-187 meters. - 10-86 Roney Ampelisca milleri J.L. Barnard 1954 Ampeliscidae SCAMIT Vol. 5, No. 1 Ampelisca milleri J.L. Barnard. Dillon Beach, California. 9 6 mm, ov., d* 6 mm Figure from Dickinson, 1982; National Museums of Canada Ampelisca sp. A SCAMIT 1986 Ampeliscidae SCAMIT Vol. 5, No. 1 SCAMIT Code: HYP 56, MBC 44 Date examined: 3-10-86 Voucher by C.A. Phillips and J.D. Roney Diagnostic Characters: 1. epimeron 3 without an acute tooth on lower posterior corner, 2. uropod 1 peduncle short and stout, outer ramus elongate and twice the length of inner ramus, 3. anterior margin segment 5 of P7 with notch, 4. uropod 3 rami lanceolate, 5. urosomite 1 produced dorsally into a well developed carina, 6. antenna 1 does not reach end of peduncle antenna 2. Related Species and Character Differences: Ampelisca agassizi (Judd 1896): uropod 1 rami of equal length, anterior margin segment 5 of P7 without notch. Ampelisca romigi J.L. Barnard 1954: uropod 1 peduncle not stout, uropod 1 peduncle and rami subequal, tip of inner ramus of uropod 3 is Slightly 1 uncinate. Distribution: Goleta, California to Dana Point, California; 10-35 meters. Ampelisca sp. A SCAMIT Ampeliscidae SCAMIT Vol. 5, No. 1 1.0 nm Figure 1. Ampelisca sp. A; female 2.9 mm. Byblis veleronis J.L. Barnard 1954 Ampeliscidae SCAMIT Vol. 5, No. 1 SCAMIT Code: LACO 72 Date examined: 3 Voucher by C.A. Phillips & J.D. Literature: Barnard, J.L. 1954 Barnard, J.L. 1966 Dickinson, J.J. 1983 Diagnostic Characters: 1. eyes well developed, 2. anterior margin segment 4 of P7 with a single long spine, 3. anterior margin segment 6 of P7 bearing two rows of comb spines, 4. telson cleft 1/3 or more of length, 5. telson apices scalloped, 6. ventral vargin coxae 1-3 very veakly serrated 7. coxae 2-3, posterodistal corner stronly oblique, 8. lower eye lens occupying anteroventral corner. Related Species and Differences: Byblis barbarensis J.L. Barnard 1966 & B. tannerensis J.L. Barnard 1966: eyes not present. Byblis bathyalis J.L. Barnard 1966: lower eye lens not occupying anteroventral corner; the shape of the head, the ventrolateral corner being pointed (*Dickinson 1983 drawing of B. veleronis shows the lower eye lens as described by Barnard 1966 for B. bathyalis ). Byblis millsi Dickinson 1983: smaller species (8-10 mm) compared to B. veleronis (14-16 mm); ventral margin of coxae 1-3 strongly serrated, antenna 1 flagellum extending to peduncle of antenna 2; length of inner ramus uropod 1 less then outer ramus uropod 1. In looking at drawing of female B. millsi and B. veleronis in Dickinson 1983 three other characters appeared to differ substantially - upper lip, second article mandibular palp and length of peduncle uropod 1 in relation to uropod rami (fig. 1 and 2). Since we have not seen any specimens of B. millsi we can not assume these characters as being key differences. Dickinson noted that several lots of B. veleronis sent to him from the Allan Hancock Foundation were identifed as B. millsi after he looked at them. Comments: The key in Dickinson 1983 uses the shape of coxae 2-3 (couplet 5) to separate B^. veleronis from B. millsi , B, - 10-86 Roney Byblis veleronis J.L. Barnard 1954 Ampeliscidae SCAMIT Vol. 5, no. 1 thyablis , B. bathyalis and B. barbarensis . For B. veleronis the key says coxae 2-3 posterodistal corner obliquely truncated. However, when you read the species description, the posterodistal corner of coxae 2-3 are described as being strongly oblique. The drawing of B. veleronis (fig. 1) also shows coxae 2-3 as being oblique The second part of couplet 5 states that r posterodistal corner of coxae 2-3 not truncated'; included in this group is B. millsi . However, when reading the species description of coxae 2-3 for B, millsi it says 'posterodistal corner not oblique 1 and when the drawing of B. millsi (Fig. 2) is viewed the coxae are what we would term obliquely truncated. Until we are able to look at some specimens of B. millsi we can not clear up this impasse. Distribution: Queen Charlotte Islands to Mexico; 5-300 meters. Byblis veleronis J.L Barnard. Swanson Bay, B.C. 9 15 nn. hr. II. Garion Island. Mexico, pantype tf 14 mm. pelagic stage adult. Byblis miilsi n. jp. Neah Bay, Washington. Bousficld 1966 sin. W39. holotype 9 10 from Dickinson, 1983; National Museums of Canada. from Dickinson, 1983; National Museums of Canada iV \FOR Ni a Southern California Association of Marine Invertebrate Taxonomists 3720 Stephen White Drive San Pedro, California 90731 May, Vo1. 5, No. 2 NEXT MEETING J une 9, 1986 SPECIMEN EXCHANGE GROUP: Corophidae {including Aoridae, Isaeidae, and Photidae) Pectinidae and Cardiidae TAXONOMIC TOPIC; MINUTES FROM MEETING ON: May 12, 1986 The SCAMIT contributed papers session at the SCAS meeting was a very well attended success during both the morning and afternoon sections. The President of the SCAS has sent SCAMIT the following letter of appreciation. Now that the 1986 Annual Meeting is over, I want to express my thanks and the appreciation of the Academy for your excellent organization of the SCAMIT section. I think that the sessions for this year's meeting were among the best ever, and I look forward to future meetings as well. We are so glad that SCAMIT met with us this year, and I hope that you and your organization will continue to join with the Academy at future annual meetings. The Barnard Workshop on Amphipoda taxonomy , led by Dr. J.L. Barnard, was a great success again this year. For three full days participants had the good fortune to learn from this master of the Amphipods. His assistance in taxonomic concepts and techniques, as well as his perspectives upon the systematics and evolution of the group was a real benefit to all present. SCAMIT is grateful to Dr. Barnard for providing this time to work directly with him. To those unable to attend the workshop, SCAMIT is now making available a set of notes taken during the meetings. For your copy, contact Thomas Parker, Marine Biology Laboratory, 24501 S. Figueroa St., Carson, CA 90745, (213) 775-2351, x394. FUNDS FOR THIS PUBLICATION PROVIDED IN PART BY CHEVRON U.S.A. INC., TEXACO INC., AND ARCO FOUNDATION Vo 1. 5 , _No. 2' A substantial donation of scientific literature has been given to SCAMIT by Dr. James Carlton via Drs. Susanne-Lawrenz Miller and Alan Miller. This represents a major addition to the SCAMIT library and will be available for use as each section is catalogued. Quality scientific literature is always in demand and will benefit the members for years to come. A special thanks to Drs. Carlton, Miller and Miller for their generous support. The proposal for the adoption by SCAMIT of protocols and recommendations for the use of open nomenclature generated considerable discussion at this month's meeting. The discussion resulted in the adoption of the proposal with few changes and the creation of special Working Groups to review provisional species submitted to SCAMIT for recognition. Working Groups were created for Polychaetes, Gammarideans, and Cumaceans, the three taxa currently containing the most provisional species. The Polychaete group is being chaired by Leslie Harris of MBC, the Gammaridean group is being chaired by Ann Martin of Hyperion. The chair for the Cumacean group has yet to be selected. The function of these groups and the SCAMIT protocols and recommendations for the use of open nomenclature are presented below. SCAMIT PROTOCOL FOR THE ERECTION OF PROVISIONAL TAXA In pursuit of its goal of developing a regionally standardized taxonomy, SCAMIT provides the following mechanism for the review, erection and standardization of provisional species from southern Californian waters. Taxonomists interested in having their provisional species recognized by SCAMIT are to submit them to the appropriate Working Group for consideration. The submission of material must be accompanied by a justification for the erection of the provisional species, consisting minimally of a written description of the characters distinguishing it from its congeners. Figures also are recommended but not required at this step. The Working Group, under the direction of its chair, shall review the material and justification using the criteria below. If the Working Group concludes that recognition is justified, a provisional designation shall be given the animal in accordance with the rules below. Reference specimens shall be deposited in the SCAMIT collection and a voucher sheet containing a species diagnosis and figures shall be distributed to the membership. Criterion for use: In cases where a specimen is known or suspected of being new to science, having not appeared in the referred literature, it is to be given a provisional designation in order to distinguish it from other closely related taxa. - 2 - Vol- 5, No- 2 Specimens that may be closely referred to published descriptions in the referred literature do not justify provisional designations but should be given conditional designations (see SCAMIT recommendations on conditional designations). It should be noted that Webster’s defines "provisional" as "provided for a temporary need." Provisional names should not be allowed to stand forever; they are interim steps leading to resolution of the question through publication. Rule 1: The provisional designation is formed by the word "species" (or sp.) followed by a capital letter and is combined with the name of the lowest taxon in which the specimen can be placed with certainty. Ex 1; When the genus is known the genus name is followed by the construct "sp. A,B,C,... M (e.g. Campylaspis sp. B) Ex 2: When the generic status is uncertain, or when the specimen is suspected of representing a new genus as well as species, the family name is followed by the construct "sp. A,B,C..." (e.g. Dorvilleidae sp. D) Ex 3: When the specimen cannot be placed with certainty in a family or higher taxon the lowest taxon certain is followed by the construct "sp. A, B,C,.. . " (e.g. Cephalaspidea sp. A) Rule 2: In forming provisional names using taxa above the generic level the full latinized name of the taxon is to be used (see Ex 2 and 3 above). Rule 3: Within a provisional name series the letters are to be assigned in alphabetical order. Rule 4: The removal of a species from provisional status does not affect any remaining members of that provisional name series. Rule 5: The erection of a provisional species is to be supported by a diagnosis or description as well as appropriate figures. - 3 - Vol. 5, Mo. 2' Rule 6: One or more reference specimens of a provisional species is to be deposited in the SCAMIT collection. Rule 7: All previous designations of provisional taxa subsequently recognized and made by SCAMIT will be considered junior synonyms. SCAMIT RECOMMENDATIONS FOR USE OF CONDITIONAL AND TENTATIVE DESIGNATIONS Conditional designations generally are appropriate in situations where the specimen at hand may be referred closely to published descriptions. The following protocol addresses the use of three different nomenclatural devices and recommends criteria and rules for their use. Other cases may be imagined requiring still other designations. Use of the conditional designations described below provides much more information than the unnecessary erection of provisional species. For specimens that are not considered by the taxonomist clearly to be new species, these designations relate the material to widely available published descriptions. Tentative designations are appropriate when the inability to identify a specimen with certainty is the result not of taxonomic difficulty but of the physical condition of the specimen itself. In such cases the identification is considered tentative and should be so indicated. SCAMIT recommends that taxonomists conducting surveys in the southern California area follow these criteria and rules for the sake of clarity of meaning and uniformity of data sets. CASE 1 Conferre (cf) Criteria for use: If the specimen closely matches a species 1 description in the literature but differs in some minor way(s) that raise questions about its assignment. OR The description in the literature is too vague or incomplete to be certain. It may be conditionally assigned to that species by means of a designation reflecting its close relationship to (or unity with) that species. Rule 1: The conditional designation is formed by interposing the term "conferre" (cf.) between the genus name and the trivial name. (e.g. Spiophanes cf. wigleyi ) - 4 - Vol. 5, No. 2 Rule 2: Such a designation should be accompanied by a description of the characters by which it differs from the nominal species. COMMENTS: Other forms such as "affinis" (aff.) and "near" (nr.) have been used by local workers for these purposes. It is recommended that these terms be dropped in favor of "conferre" in the interest of clarity and uniformity. CASE 2 Fide Criterion for use: If a specimen is compatible with a description in the literature other than the original (particularly if the compatible account is based upon a local population while the type locale is distant), a conditional designation may be used that clearly indicates that the description of the species compatible with the specimen is other than the original. Rule: The conditional name is formed by following the binomial with the term "fide" and the author of the subsequent description to which the specimen is being referred. COMMENTS: Other forms such as "sensu," "of/" and ":" have been used by local workers for this purpose. It is recommended that these terms be dropped in favor of "fide" in the interest of clarity and uniformity. CASE 3 Criteria for use: If the specimen at hand is a member of a "species" which is recognized as having a high degree of poorly defined variability and is suspected of being an undiscriminated complex of sibling species, it may be conditionally assigned to the nominal species by means of a designation that reflects that uncertainty. Rule: The conditional name is formed by placing the trivial name within quotation marks. - 5 - CASE 4 Vo1• 5, No. 2 ■p Criterion for use: If the inability to assign a name with certainty is a result of the specimen missing some diagnostic character as a result of damage, reproductive state, immaturity, senescence, etc. the identification is considered tentative. Rule: The tenative nature of the identification may be indicated by placing a question mark (?) in front of the questioned taxon. [ An Annotated Checklist of Marine Invertebrates in the Cold Temperate Northeast Pacific , by W.C. Austin, now is available and may be ordered for $42 Canadian from the Khoyatan Marine Laboratory, RR1, Cowichan Bay, BC, VOR 1N0, Canada. The listing also contains taxonomic characters useful in identification, fixation techniques, key literature references, new records, distribution information, and an index. Recent literature of interest includes the following articles: Blake, J. 1986. Bull. So. Cal. Acad. Sci. 85(1). A new species of Boccardia (Polychaeta:Spionidae) from the Galapagos Islands and a redescription of Boccardia basilaria Hartman from southern California. Wicksten, M.K. 1986. Bull. So. Cal. Sci. 85(1). A new species of Heptacarpus from California, with a redescription of Heptacarpus palpator (Owen) (Caridea:Hippolytidae). The Bishop Museum Press is now making available a publication entitled Forum on Systematic Resources in the Pacific . This book is priced at $8.50 + $1.75 from the Bishop Museum Press, / P.O. Box 19000-A, Honolulu, Hawaii 96817. The Fourth Annual SCAMIT Picnic is on schedule. This is going to be another autumnal activity. The location will be at Tewinkle Park again this year, and is set for September 20th. SCAMIT election results are final and the new officers have taken their posts. The return of ballots for the election was excellent. The votes were counted and the results are: President Vice-President Treasurer Secretary John Dorsey Dave Montagne. Ann Martin Thomas Parker' - 6 - Vol. 5, No. 2 1985-86 Treasurer 1 s Report . In 1985-86 SCAMIT received a total of $9,623.77. Of this total, $1,155.00 came from memberships, $680.25 from sale of SCAMIT goods, $86.30 from interest and $7,500.00 from corporate donations. The corporate donations came from Arco, Chevron and Texaco at $2,500.00 each. The end of the fiscal year balances in SCAMIT's accounts were $42 .32 in checking and $7,749.76 in savings. Letters from Olga Gustafsson's Pensionat Sveavagen 108, 4re Stockholm, Sweden 23 September 1939 Dear Albert: You have long had a letter due you, but I have not been diligent enough. Your letter of the 27th last, via London, arrived here only a few days ago, - having lain over in England, perhaps. Mail addressed directly here seems to fare much better, although the service is much crippled. Cold weather has arrived, and today we had fresh blasts with some rain. On the whole, however, the climate has been very fine. Woolens are welcome adjuncts to one's wardrobe at this season. Were you here, you would see that Stockholm is quite like any large American city in most respects. People wear the same kind of clothes, they look much the same, women have their hair dressed in the same fashions, and there is the same flow of modern urban dwelling. (I speak, of course, of the city here. Perhaps the outlying districts are not so.) One sees everywhere shops desiginated "Damfriserung" or "Herrnfriserung" - these are beauty parlours, just as in America. Also, it is the fashion to have a dog. As to modern conveniences, - they are not noticeably different from those in America. "Electrolux" refrigerators are produced in Sweden, but "Frigidaire" and other American makes are procurable. You may know that ball bearings were invented in Sweden by a Swede. Sweden has many American-made automobiles, but Sweden also produces them, - many of which find their way to Russia and Turkey. (I have been told that they are more durable than the American "species.") The trains look very much more like American than do those in England. The latter are very much smaller and have numerous compartments in each car, and in some cars it is not possible to go from one compartment to the other without getting out. In Sweden, the trains are almost luxurious, and very modern and comfortable. Also, engines here are large, powerful. There is, of course, always travel of different classes. Architecture which best exemplifies this country is severe in its lines, strong and plain. Walls rise in straight, sheer lines, penetrated perhaps by plain, rectangular windows. Adornments, if present, perform some function. But there is grace in line and proportion. Thus, the cylindrical form is not uncommon, or the towering rectangular. But there are numerous buildings which have borrowed from Gothic and Rennaissance styles. It is curious that these two contrasting Vol. 5, N o. 2 forms both blend to make an exceedingly beautiful city. Bensin (gasoline) is still unobtainable, and hundreds of private cars have had to be ’'shelved.” It is said that this difficulty here has thrown about 1500 people out of work. That does not consider those more or less directly affected. Buses and taxi cabs continue, but their services, too, have been curtailed. The "foreign language" situation proves to be very amusing at times. One day, for lunch, an acquaintance and I had some meat course "med lignon." I asked what the "lignon" was, and having learned English at school and speaking it reasonably well, my acquaintance said it meant "lawn," and thus she wrote it. Something was wrong somewhere, so I told her a "lawn" was a grasplan and that one could not eat that. It. turned out, however, that we had "whortleberry" (lignon) which was delicious. Prices are very confusing, when quoted. If, for example, I ask about an article, "Hyrn mycket det?," the answer is usually given in numbers omiting the words, ore or kronor. Thus, this evening I got some stamps, which were "en attio." By the time the mathematics is performed in my head, it seems that I am unwilling to pay. Sometimes it is easier to extend a hand of coins. The latter, by the way, come in a considerable variety of denominations. There are 1 and 2 ore copper pieces for which I have as yet learned practically no use. I know of nothing one can buy for so little money. A l-ore piece is 1/100th of a kronor, or about mills. Street car fares are 15 ore, bus fares 25 ore and up. Telephone calls are 2- 10 ore pieces. (I am unable to use the instruments because of the language, unless there is someone at the other end who speaks English.) There are many beautiful birds here, which are quite strange to me. There is a very common, larger bird, much like the magpie of the rocky mt. states. Also, a bird with the proportions and size of a crow, but which has a conspicuous white cape across the neck, back and wings.* And there are many, smaller, song birds. Squirrels are common. They are deep russet-red and quite tame. Systems of weights and measures are not as in America and England. The decimal system is used in most instances. Thus, fruits are sold by the liter or kilogram (peror by the former, druvor by the latter, that is, pears and grapes). Temperatures are always expressed Centigrade (or rarely, Reamur). Scales express in Kg. (in England it was "stones"). But the Swedish "mile" is over 6 English miles, and it is called a mile. There are many customs here which I did not see in England, but I do not know how wide-spread they are. Black for mourning is very common, - sometimes heavy veils for women, even covering the face, and black arm bands as seen even on very young children. Men tip their hats to women with a deep bow and bring the hat to the waist line or below. That also I did not see in London. One sees few or no women smoking, and none at all on the streets. (In London one sees many women smoking.) Must get this to the post. (Brevlada are found on all street cars and buses, also on many street corners.) Notes: The large "crow" is probably the hooded or Royston's Crow. q Vol. 5, No. 2 Index of Taxa Found in Acesta catherinae (now is Acmira catherinae) Acesta simplex (now is Acmira simplex) Acidostoma hancocki A Hi a ramosa Amastigos acutus Anotomastus gordiodes Aristias sp. A Asthenothaerus villosior Asychis disparidentata Axiothella sp. A Betaeus ensenadiensis Betaeus longidactylus Branchiomaldane vincentii Carinoma mutabilis Caulleriella gracilis Cerebratulus californiensis Chaetozone corona Cirriformia luxuriosa Crangon alaskenis elongata (now is Crangon alaskensis) Crangon communis (now is Neocrangon communis) Crangon resima (now is Neocrangon resima) Crangon zacae (now is Neocrangon zacae) Dasybranchus glabrus Decamastus gracilis Dodecaceria concharum Dodecaceria fewkesi Dodecaseta oraria Edotea sublittoralis Euclymeninae sp. A Gnathia crenulatifrons Heteromastus filobranchus Jaeropsis dubia Leiochrides sp. A Lepidepecreum sp. A Lineus bilineatus Listriella diffusa Listriella goleta Listriella melanica Lyonsia californica Lysianassa oculata Lysmata californica Maldane sarsi Mediomastus ambiseta Volume 3 of the SCAMIT Newsletter Vol. 3, No. 2 Vol. 3, No. 2 Vol. 3, No. 10 Vol. 3, No. 2 Vol. 3, No. 1 Vol. 3, No. 11 Vol. 3, No. 10 Vol. 3, No. 9 Vol. 3, No. 12 Vol. 3, No. 12 Vol. 3, No. 8 Vol. 3, No. 8 Vol. 3, No. 12 Vol. 3, No. 4 Vol. 3, No. 6 Vol. 3, No. 12 Vol. 3, No. 6 Vol. 3, No. 6 Vol. 3, No. 8 Vol. 3, No. 8 Vol. 3, No. 8 Vol. 3, No. 8 Vol. 3, No. 11 Vol. 3, No. 11 Vol. 3, No. 6 Vol. 3. No. 6 Vol. 3, No. 11 Vol. 3, No. 4 Vol. 3, No. 12 Vol. 3, No. 4 Vol. 3, No. 11 Vol. 3, No. 4 Vol. 3, No. 11 Vol. 3, No. 10 Vol. 3, No. 4 Vol. 3, No. 7 Vol. 3, No. 7 Vol. 3, No. 7 Vol. 3, No. 9 Vol. 3, No. 10 Vol. 3, No. 8 Vol. 3, No. 12 Vol. 3, No. 11 -9 Vol. 5, No„ 2 Volume 3 Index to ' Taxa (cont’d) Mediomastus californiensis Vol. 3, No. 11 Metacrangon spinosissima Vol. 3, No. 8 Monoculodes hartmanae Vol. 3, No. 7 Monoculodes norvegicus Vol. 3, No. 7 Notomastus(Clistomastus)tenuis Vol. 3, No. 11 Notoproctus pacificus Vol. 3, No. 12 Orchomene anaguela Vol. 3, No. 10 Orchomene decipiens Vol. 3, No. 10 Orchomene pinguis Vol. 3, No. 10 Pandalus platyceros Vol. 3, No. 8 Pandora filosa Vol. 3, No. 9 Paracerceis sp. Vol. 3, No. 2 Paranemertes sp. A Vol. 3, No. 4 Periploma discus Vol. 3, No. 8 Petaloproctus-anal plaque Vol. 3, No. 10 Pinnixa barnharti Vol. 3, No. 3 Pinnixa hiatus Vol. 3, No. 3 Pinnixa occidentalis Vol. 3, No. 3 Prachynella lodo Vol. 3, No. 1 Praxillura maculata Vol. 3, No. 1 Pseuodocoutierea elegans Vol. 3, No. 8 Raricirrus maculatus Vol. 3, No. 6 Rhodine bitorquata Vol. 3, No. 1 Scyphoproctus oculatus Vol. 3, No. 1 Sicyonia ingentis Vol. 3, No. 8 Silophasma geminata Vol. 3, No. 4 Synchelidium rectipalmum Vol. 3, No. 7 Synchelidium shoemakeri Vol. 3, No. 7 Tauberia gracilis (now is Levinsenia gracilis) Vol. 3, No. 2 Tubulanus nothus Vol. 3, No. 4 Tubulanus pellucidus Vol. 3, No. 4 Tubulanus polymorphus Vol. 3, No. 4 Valettiopsis dentatus Vol. 3, no. 4 Westwoodilla caecula Vol. 3, No. 7 -10- Vol. 5, No. 2 Index of Taxa Found in Volume 4 of the SCAMIT Newsletter Amage scutata Vol. 4, No. 8 Ampelisca agassizi Vol. 4, No. 12 Ampelisca cristata Vol. 4, No. 12 Ampelisca lobata Vol. 4, No. 12 Ampelisca milleri Vol. 4, No. 12 Ampelisca sp. A Vol. 4, No. 12 Ampharete acutifrons Vol. 4, No. 8 Amphideutopus oculatus Vol. 4, No. 3 Anchicolorus occidentalis Vol. 4, No. 12 Anobothrus gracilis Vol. 4, No. 8 Anobothrus trilobatus Vol. 4, No. 8 Aoroides intermedius Vol. 4, No. 4 Brada pluribranchia Vol. 4, No. 8 Brada villosa Vol. 4, No. 8 Byblis veleronis Vol. 4, No. 12 Campylaspis nr. crispa Vol. 4, No 11 Campylaspis sp. B Vol. 4, No. 11 Campylaspis hartae Vol. 4, No. 11 Campylaspis rubromaculata Vol. 4, No. 11 Chaetoderma sp. 1 Vol. 4, No. 8 (now is Chaetoderma sp. A) Cistenides brevicoma Vol. 4, No. 2,3 Crenella decussata Vol. 4, No. 6 Cyclaspis nubila Vol. 4, No. 11 Cyclaspis sp. A Vol. 4, No. 11 Cyclaspis sp. C Vol. 4, No. 11 Dentalium rectius Vol. 4, No. 6 Dentalium vallicolens Vol. 4, No. 6 Diastylis sp. A Vol. 4, No. 11 Diastylopsis tenuis Vol. 4, No. 11 Eupolymnia heterobranchia Vol. 4, No. 8 Falcidens sp. A Vol. 4, No. 8 Falcidens sp. B Vol. 4, No. 8 Flabelligera commensalis Vol. 4, No. 8 Gammaropsis thompsoni Vol. 4, No. 3 Golfingia misakiana Vol. 4, No. 10 Idanthyrsus ornamentatus Vol. 4, No. 2,3 Lanice conchilega Vol. 4, No. 8 Leptognathia sp. A Vol. 4, No. 4 Leptognathia sp. B Vol. 4 , No. 5 Leptognathia sp. C Vol. 4, No. 5 Leptognathia sp. D Vol. 4, No. 5 Leptognathia sp. E Vol. 4, No. 5 Limifossor fratula Vol. 4, No. 8 Limnodriloides barnardi Vol. 4, No. 10 Listriolobus pelodes Vol. 4, No. 10 Megacrenella Columbiana Vol. 4, No. 6 -11- Vol. 5, No. 2 Volume 4 In lex to Taxa (cont'd) Melinna heterodonta Vol. 4, No. 8 Melinnampharete gracilis Vol. 4, No. 8 Melinnexis moorei Vol. 4, No. 8 Modiolus spp. Vol. 4, No. 6 Myriochele sp. M Vol. 4, No. 6 Myriowenia californiensis Vol. 4, No. 2,3 Neoleprea spiralis Vol. 4, No. 8 Nicippe tumida Vol. 4, No. 3 Nicolea sp. ft Vol. 4, No. 8 Onchnesoma sp. A Vol. 4, No. 10 Owenia collaris Vol. 4, No. 2,3 Pherusa neopapillata Vol. 4, No. 8 Photis californica Vol. 4, No. 3 Pista alata Vol. 4, No. 8 Pista elongata Vol. 4, No. 8 Pista disjuncta Vol. 4, No. 8 Pista sp. B Vol. 4, No. 8 Polycirrus sp. Vol. 4, No. 8 Sabellaria cementarium Vol. 4, No. 2,3 Sabellaria gracilis Vol. 4, No. 2,3 Scalibregma inf latum Vol. 4, No. 8 Spinosphaera oculata. Vol. 4, No. 8 Streblosoma crassibranchia Vol. 4, No. 8 Tectidrilus diversus Vol. 4, No. 10 Terebellides californica Vol. 4, No. 8 Thelepus crispus Vol. 4, No. 8 Thelepus setosus Vol. 4, No. 8 Thysanocardia nigra Vol. 4, No. 10 Tubificoides coatesae Vol. 4, No. 10 -12- June, 1986 Vol. 5, No. 3 NEXT MEETING: July 14, 1986 SPECIMEN EXCHANGE GROUP: Oxyrhyncha TAXONOMIC TOPIC: Corophidae (includes Aorodiae, Isaeidae, and Photidae) MINUTES FROM MEETING ON JUNE 9, 1986 SCAMIT has just received a large donation of scientific literature from Dr. Robert Setzer. A preliminary listing of these titles has now been completed and will soon be included in the SCAMIT library card catalogue.. Once again, SCAMIT thanks its members and supporters for generously supporting the library; and thanks to Dr. Setzer for allowing SCAMIT to be the repository for these valuable titles. PAUL SCOTT, from the Santa Barbara Natural History Museum , and Don Cadien from MBC, led our session on the Pectinidae and Cardiidae. Paul mentioned that the museum's Mollusca collection has now been sorted to the Genus level and is available for use. The collection contains a number of syntypes of Dali and Carpenter. A catalogue to this collection is in preparation and will possibly be available by the end of this year. Paul also is preparing a manuscript on Mysella species from the eastern Pacific and would like to receive short-term (6 months) specimen loans. It would be of additional help if the material also was accompanied by sediment data. All material loaned will be returned identified! British Micropalaeontologial Society is announcing the Tenth International Symposium on Ostracoda. Ostracoda and Global Events. University College of Wales. Abersytwyth. July 25-30, 1987. For further information write Dr. R.C. Whatley, Department of Geology, University College of Wales, Llandinam Building, Penglais, Abersytwyth, Dyfed, S423, 3DB, Wales, U.K. FUNDS FOR THIS PUBLICATION PROVIDED IN PART BY CHEVRON U.S.A. INC., TEXACO INC., AND ARCO FOUNDATION List of Specimens Examined on June 9, 1986 MBC 47 Argopecten circularis (Sowerby 1835) SCCWRP 68 Delectopecten randolphi tilamookensis (Arnold, 1906) PL 69 Nemocardium centifilosum (Carpenter 1846) PL 70 Leptopecten latiauratus (Conrad 1837) HYP 58 Leptopecten latiauratus (Conrad 1837) Travels with Olga : Gustafsson's Pensionat Sveagagen 108, Stockholm 1 October 1939 Dear Albert: I wonder whether letters are still getting through. I hear occasionally from California to the effect that someone wrote a letter at such-and-such a time, but I know nothing of it. Perhaps they are only delayed. It is a month now that I have been in Stockholm, and I feel quite at home. If I heard English on the streets instead of Swedish, I might think myself in a beautiful American city. The air is very clear and the sky bright-blue, because by virtue of being only about 8 degrees from the Arctic Circle. The pole star is so much nearer overhead than I have ever seen it. It is cold, but usually fair. The days are getting rapidly shorter. By 6 P.M. the street lights are turned on. You would appreciate seeing the large meteorite at the Riksmuseum. It is mounted on a large granite pedestal, out-of- doors, in front of the Geological Division. It weighs 22 tons, is iron-nickel, with traces of other metals. It was found by Nordenskrold in 1891 on the western side of Greenland, in the intertidal zone, when Nordenskrold was director of the Swedish scientific expedition. A long, ca. 1/2" core, has been taken out of it, almost through its center, and it was found to have a fairly uniform composition. Thus, one can see through it. The Swedish people have been on very many scientific expeditions in the past, and have brought to Sweden treasures from many parts of the world. The collection I am now studying was brought in by the famous "Eugenie's Resa," executed in 1851-53, around the world. They crossed the equator 8 times, and stopped at numerous places in South America, Panama, San Francisco, (here Captain C.A. Virgin had four men shanghaied, 2 of whom were recovered), the Galapagos and Hawaiian Islands, etc. ... J.S.H. Kinberg was both the leading physician and zoologist, and did much work on chaetopods. His hundreds of types are now at the Riksmuseum. The narrative of the expedition was written by a First Lieutenant, in Swedish, but an accurate translation exists in German. Professor Bock has lent a copy to me so that now I am reading it. It is a very fascinating, detailed account. San Francisco at that time was a dark blot on the American continent. It was 1850, in the height of the gold rush days, and contained a glum lot of people from all parts of the world. The two of Virgin's men who never were returned included one of the musicians and a marine soldier. The account of the treatment of the Hawaiian Islands by European -2- powers is very good. Perhaps you will read this book sometime. I can get a copy in Swedish at a local antiquariat dealer for 30 kroner ($7.50), but fear I shall not be able to read it fluently. The German translation was printed in Berlin. This war situation has dealt me a very heavy blow. I have lost nearly all my baggage, including my scientific materials. They should have arrived here before war ever began, but the last I heard was that the shipment went into Antwerp and is perhaps now interned, if not bombed. Unfortunately, there is nothing I can do about it. Passenger service in the North Sea is completely stopped. In the Baltic it is no better. There still remains over a month*s work for me to do here at Stockholm. If conditions permit, I may go on to Germany and Paris, in the order named, but who can say? If I cannot do that, or go to America, I may spend the winter in Stockholm. I should like to work for a while at Upsala, but that never was included in my preliminary program. As programs eventuate, I shall let you know. Greetings and best wishes. -3- Delectopeeten randolphi tillamookensis (Arnold 1906) Pectinidae SCAMIT Vol. 5, No. 6 SCAMIT CODE: SYNONYMY: LITERATURE: SCCWRP 68 Date Examined: June 9, 1986 Voucher By: D. B. Cadien Pecten ( Delectopeeten ) randolphi tillamookensis Arnold 1906 Pecten ( Delectopeeten ) arces Dali 1913 Delectopeeten tillamookensis (Arnold 1906) Grau 1959 Bernard 1983 DIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERS: 1. Both valves convex but relatively flat; right valve not ventrally flexed. 2. Without internal ribs. All "ribs” composed solely of radial surface sculpture. 3. Translucent (transparent in youngest, semi-opaque in thickest old shells) white. 4. Posterior auricles poorly defined - continuous with disk outline. 5. Ctenolium of 4-5 teeth. 6. Internal ridge on posterior auricle of left valve. 7. Heavily sculptured with radial and concentric threads of nearly equal strength in adults, often with spined intersection (both valves). Typical sculpturing absent in young (less than 5 mm) specimens. RELATED SPECIES AND CHARACTER DIFFERENCES: Delectopeeten randolphi randolphi - unsculptured as both juveniles and adults other than low vermiculate "camptonectes" sculpturing; also lacks internal ridge on left valve posterior auricle, otherwise nearly identical. Delectopecten vancouverensis - posterior auricles better defined, not continuous with disk. DISTRIBUTION: Bering Sea to Cadros Islad; 50-1100 m. COMMENTS: This subspecies differs from randolphi s. str. in only two characters - the external scultpure and internal ridge. Because Delectopecten randolphi tillamookensis (Arnold 1906) Pectinidae SCAMIT Vol. 5, No. 6 all other characters are essentially the same, Bernard reduced it to synonymy. Abbott (1974) has taken the opposite tack, listing tillamookensis at species level. We here follow a conservative middle path in recognizing a subspecies which has a few clear morphological differences, but no obvious mechanism isolating it from the sympatric randolphi s. str. Future research will probably invalidate the subspecies but since neither submergence or elevation is a clear choice we follow Grau*s usage. Illustration from Grau 1959 Leptopecten latiauratus (Conrad 1837) Pectinidae SCAMIT Vol. 5, No. 3 SCAMIT CODE: HYPS8, PL70 Date Examined: June 9, 1986 Voucher by: D.B. Cadien SYNONYMY: Leptopecten monotimeris (Conrad 1837) LITERATURE: Grau 1959 McLean 1978 Clark 1971 DIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERS: 1. Both valves moderately convex with 12-16 external ribs. 2. Shell thin and translucent except in largest specimens. 3. Hinge line as long as or longer than disk. 4. Shape orbicular overall, usually only slightly oblique. 5. Sculpture variable ranging from poorly expressed concentric lamellae (" monotimerus 11 form) to strongly expressed concentric or imbricate ribbing over the 12-16 base radial ribs. 6. Colors usually orangish tan with white and brown chevrons or maculations. Red may replace the orange in some areas. Right valve usually slightly lighter colored than left. RELATED SPECIES AND CHARACTER DIFFERENCES: Leptopecten biolleyi (outer Baja Coast): every 3rd rib elevated and almost cylindrical. Young Argopecten circularis : thicker and more inflated than L. latiauratus with 17-21 radial ribs. Hinge line shorter with umbo more central. DISTRIBUTION: Point Reyes to Cabo San Lucas; 0-25 m COMMENTS: We accept the evidence presented in Clark 1971 as sufficient to demonstrate that L, monotimeris is only an ecophenotype of L. latiauratus. Leptopecten latiauratus (Conrad 1837) Pectinidae SCAMIT Vol. 5, No. 3 Fig. 2 Illustration from Grau 1959 Fig. 1. latiauratu s typical form Fig. 2. 11 mo no timer is " form Argopecten circularis (Sowerby 1835) Pectinidae SCAMIT Vol. 5, No. 3 SCAMIT CODE: MBC 47 Date Examined: June 9, 1986 Voucher by: D.B. Cadien SYNONYMY: Pecten circularis Sowerby 1835 Aequipecten ( Plagioctenium ) circularis (Sowerby 1835) Argopecten aequisulcatus (Carpenter 1864) Argopecten circularis aequisulcatus (Carpenter 1864) LITERATURE: Grau 1959 McLean 1978 Keen 1971 Bernard 1983 DIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERISTICS: 1. Both valves convex, inequivalve (left valve less inflated) with 17-22 raised ribs. 2. Interstices between ribs with fine imbricate sculpture. 3. Hinge line length 2/3 - 3/4 of disk diameter (except in juveniles less than 15 mm disk diameter). 4. Right valve usually lighter colored than left. 5. Color tan or pinkish and chocolate bands or maculations over white, waxy, yellowish, or orangish base. RELATED SPECIES & CHARACTER DIFFERENCES: Leptopecten latiauratus : thinner and less inflated than Argopecten with 12-16 ribs. Hinge line longer with umbo shifted posteriorly. DISTRIBUTION: Elkhorn Slough to Paita Peru; 0-150 m COMMENTS: This species is fully protected under California Department of Fish and Game regulations, and may not be taken without special permit. Recent data strongly suggest that the California population is neither specifically nor subspecifically distinct, and relies on influx of pelagic larvae from southern populations for its existance during many years. Argopecten circularis (Sowerby 1835) Pectinidae SCAMIT Vol. 5, No. 3 Illustrations from Oldroyd 1924 Interior and exterior of right valve Nemocardium centrifilosum (Carpenter, 1864) Cardiidae SCAMIT Vol. 5, No. 3 SCAMIT Codes: PL-69A Date examined: 9 June 1986 Vouchered by: Paul Scott (SBMNH) Synonomy: Cardium (?modestum var.) centrifilosum Carpenter, 1864 Cardium richardsoi Whiteaves, 1878 Literature: There is little useful literature on this species. Abbott, 1974 (American Seashells), provides a brief description and an illustration. Diagnostic characters: 1. Shell of moderate size, less than 20 mm. 2. Anterior two-thirds of shell with prominent radial sculpture, posterior third of shell with cancellate sculpture. 3. Hinge typical of Cardiidae, with a central cardinal tooth, and posterior and anterior lateral teeth. Additional notes: 1. This is possibly the easiest of all small northeastern Pacific bivalves to identify. The unusual external sculpture is unique to this species. Depth range: 2 - 150 m (Bernard, 1983) Distribution: 58°N to 28°N (Bernard, 1983) Drawings by Laurie Marx, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Nemocardium centrifilosum (Carpenter, 1864) Cardiidae SCAMIT Vol. 5, No. 3 SCAMIT Codes: PL-69A Date examined: 9 June 1986 Vouchered by: Paul Scott (SBMNH) Synonomy: Cardium (?modestum var.) centrifilosum Carpenter, 1864 Cardium richardsoi Whiteaves, 1878 Literature: There is little useful literature on this species. Abbott, 1974 (American Seashells), provides a brief description and an illustration. Diagnostic characters: 1. Shell of moderate size, less than 20 mm. 2. Anterior two-thirds of shell with prominent radial sculpture, posterior third of shell with cancellate sculpture. 3. Hinge typical of Cardiidae, with a central cardinal tooth, and posterior and anterior lateral teeth. Additional notes: 1. This is possibly the easiest of all small northeastern Pacific bivalves to identify. The unusual external sculpture is unique to this species. Depth range: 2 - 150 m (Bernard, 1983) Distribution: 58°N to 28°N (Bernard, 1983) Drawings by Laurie Marx, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History SABELLIDAE REFERENCE LISTING Compiled by Larry Lovell, Marine Ecological Consultants and Leslie Harris, MBC Applied Environmental Sciences Annenkova, N. 1937. The polychaete fauna of the northern part of the Japan Sea. Explor. Mers. U.S.S.R., 23: 139-216. (In Russian). Jasmineira pacifica. Banse, K. 1956. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Gattungen Fabricia, Manayunkia and Fabriciola (Sabellidae, Polychaeta). Zoologische Jahrbucker, Abteilung fur Systematik, Okologie und Geographie der Tiere, 84: 415-438. Fabriciola berkeleyi. Banse, K. 1970. The small species of Euchone Malmgren (Sabellidae, Polychaeta). Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 83: 387-408. Euchone hancocki. Banse, K. 1972. Redescription of some species of Chone Kroyer and Euchone Malmgren, and three new species (Sabellidae, Polychaeta). Fish. Bull. 70: 459-495. Euchone velifera, Chone albocincta, C veleronis. Banse, K. 1979. Sabellidae (Polychaeta) principally from the northeast Pacific Ocean. J. Fish. Res. Board Can., 36: 869-882. ?Sabellasp. Banse, K. and K.D. Hobson. 1968. Benthic polychaetes from Puget Sound, Washington, with remarks on four other species. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 125(3667): 1-53. Banse, K. , K.D. Hobson, and F.H. Nichols. 1968. Annotated list of polychaetes. Appendix II, p. 521-548. In U. Lie: A quantitative study of benthic infauna in Puget Sound, Washington, USA, in 1963- 1964. Fiskeridir. Skr. Havunders. 14. Barnard, J.L. and D.J. Reish. 1959. Ecology of Amphipoda and Polychaeta of Newport Bay, California. Allan Hancock Found. Occ. Papers 21: 1-106. Berkeley, E., andC. Berkeley. 1952. Annelida. Polychaeta Sedentaria. Can. Pac. Fauna No . 9b(2): 139pp. Berkeley, E., and C. Berkeley. 1954. Additions to the polychaete fauna of Canada, with comments on some older records. J. Fish. Res. Board Can. 11: 454-471. Bruguiere, L.G. 1789. Encyclopedic methodique. Historie naturelle des vers, 1: 1-344. Panchoucke, Paris. Pseudopotamilla reniformis. Bush, K.J. 1904. Tubicolous annelids of the tribes Sabellides and Serpulides from the Pacific Ocean. Harriman Alaska Exped. 12: 169-355. Chone mollis, Demonax medius, Sabella maculata, Schizobranchia insignis. Day, J.H. 1973. New Polychaeta from Beaufort, with a key to all species recorded from North Carolina. NOAA Technical Report NMFS Circ. 375: 1-140. Ehrenberg, C.G. 1837. Ueber Amphicora sabella . Ges . Naturf. Freunde Berlin, Hitt., 1836-1837: 2. Fabricia sabella. Fauchald, K. 1972. Benthic polychaetous annelids from deep water off western Mexico and adjacent areas in the eastern Pacific Ocean. Allan Hancock Monogr. Mar. Biol. 7: 1-575. Fabrisabella similis . Fauchald, K. 1977. The polychaete worms. Definitions and keys to the orders, families and genera. Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County Science Series 28, 190 pp. Fitzhugh, K. 1983. New species of Fabriciola and Fabricia (Polychaeta: Sabellidae) from Belize. Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 96(2): 276-290. Gravier, C. 1907. Sur les Annelides polychetes rapportes par M. le Dr. Rivet, de Payta (Perou). Bull. Mus. Hist, nat. Paris, 13: 525-530. Hartman, 0. 1944. Polychaetous annelids from California including the Description of two new genera and nine new species. Allan Hancock Pacific Exped. Vol. 10, No. 2: 239-307. Chone minuta, Pseudopotamilla socialis. Hartman, 0. 1948. The Polychaetous annelids of Alaska. Pacific Sci., Vol. II, No. 1: 1-58. Hartman, 0. 1951a. The littoral marine annelids of the Gulf of Mexico. Publ. Inst. Mar. Sci. Texas 2: 7-124. Hartman, 0. 1951b. Fabricinae (Feather-duster Polychaetous Annelids) in the Pacific. Pacific Sci., Vol. V, No. 4: 379-391. Fabricia limnicola. ^ ^ Hartman, 0. 1956. Polychaetous annelids erected by Treadwell, l89^to 1948, together with a brief chronology. Bull. Amer. Mus .'"Nat. Hist., Vol. 109, pp. 239-310. Hartman, 0. 1961. Polychaetous annelids from California. Allan Hancock Pacific Exped. 25: 1-226. Hartman, 0. 1963. Submarine Canyons of Southern California Part III. Systematics: Polychaeta. Allan Hancock Pacific Exped. 27(3): 1- 93. Hartman, 0. 1965. Catalogue of the Polychaetous annelids of the world. Part II. Allan Hancock Found. Occ. Paper 23: 628 pp. Supplement and Index (1965), 197 pp. Hartman, 0. 1965. Deep-water benthic polychaetous annelids off New England to Bermuda and other North Atlantic areas. Allan Hancock Found. Occ. Paper 28: 1-378. Euchone incolor. Hartman, 0. 1966. Quantitative survey of the benthos of San Pedro basin, southern California. Part II. Final results and conclusions. Allan Hancock Pacific Exped. 19: 187-456. Euchone arenae. Hartman, 0. 1969. Atlas of the sedentariate polychaetous annelids from California. Allan Hancock Foundation, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, 812 pp. Bispira turneri, Fabricia brunnea, Fabrisabella vasculosa, Oriopsis gracilis, Potaspina pacifica. Hartman, 0. and J.L. Barnard. 1960. The benthic fauna of the deep basins off southern California. Part II. Allan Hancock Pacific Exped. Vol. 22(2): 69-297. Hartman, 0. and K. Fauchald. 1971. Deep-water benthic polychaetous annelids off New England to Bermuda and other North Atlantic areas. Part II. Allan Hancock Monogr. Mar. Biol. 6: 1-327. Hartmann-Schroder, G. 1962b. Die Polychaeten des Eulitorals. Zur Kenntnis des Eulitorals der chilenischen Pazifikkuste und der argentinischen Kuste Sudpatagoniens unter besonderer Berucksichtigung der Polychaeten und Ostracoden. Mitt. Hamburg Zool. Mus . Inst. 60(Suppl. vol.): 57-167. Oriopsis taltalensis. Hobson, K.D. and K. Banse. 1981. Sedentariate and archiannelid polychaetes of British Columbia and Washington. Can. Bull. Fish. Aquat. Sci . 209: 144p. Imajima, M. and 0. Hartman, 1964. The polychaetous annelids of Japan. Part II. Allan Hancock Found. Occ. Paper 26: 239-452. Johnson, H.P. 1901. The Polychaeta of the Puget Sound region. Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 29: 381-437. Kinberg, J.G.H. 1867. Annulata nova. Ofversigt af Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Forhandlingar, 23: 337-357. Eudistylia vancouveri. Knight-Jones, P. 1981. Behavior, setal inversion and phylogeny of Sabellida (Polychaeta). Zoologica Scripta, 10: 183-202. Knight-Jones, P. 1983. Contributions to the taxonomy of Sabellidae (Polychaeta). Zoological Journal of the Linnear Society, 79: 245- 295. Kro er K. 1856. Bidrag til kundskab af Sabellerne. Forh. Oefv. K. danske Vid. Selsk., 1856: 1-36. Chone infundibularis. Leidy, J. 1859. Manayunkia speciosa. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., 10:90. Manayunkia speciosa. Loi, Tran-ngoc. 1980. Catalogue of the types of polychaete species erected by J. Percy Moore. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., 132: 121- 149. Malmgren, A.J. 1866. Nordiska Hafs-Annulater. Ofv. Svenska Vetensk. Akad Forh. 22: 355-410. Malmgren, A.J. 1867. Annulata polychaeta Spet sbergiae, Gronlaudiae, Islandiae et Skandinavie hactenus cognita. Ofversigt af Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Forhandlingar, 24: 51-235. Chone Duneri. Montagu, G. 1804. Descriptions of several marine animals found on the south coast of Devonshire. Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 7: 80-84. Bispira volutacornis. Moore, J.P. 1904. New Polychaeta from California. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., 56: 484-503. Demonax rugosa. Moore, J.P. 1905. Five new species of Pseudopotomilla from the Pacific coast of North America. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 57: 555-570. P. intermedia, P. occelata, Megalomma splendida. Moore, J.P. 1906. Additional new species of polychaeta from the north Pacific. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 58: 217-260. Chone gracilis. Moore, J.P. 1923. The polychaetous annelids dredged by the U. S . S . Albatross off the coast of southern California in 1904. IV. Spionidae to Sabellariidae. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 75: 179- 259. Demonax pallidus, Megalomma circumspectum, Chone ecaudata, Chone magna, Potamethus mucronatus. Moore, J.P. and K. J. Bush. 1904. Sabellidae and Serpulidae from Japan, with descriptions of new species of Spirorbis . Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., 56: 157-179. Notaulax lyra. Perkins, T.H. 1984. Revision of Demonax Kinberg, Hypsicomus Grube, and Notaulax Tauber, with a review of Megalomma Johansson from Florida (Polychaeta: Sabellidae). Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 97(2): 285-368. Pettibone, M.H. 1954. Marine polychaete worms from Point Barrow, Alaska, with additional records from the north Atlantic and north Pacific. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 103(3324): 203-356. Pettibone, M.H. 1957. Marine polychaete worms from Labrador. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 105(3361): 531- 584. Reish, D.J. 1963. A quantitative study of the benthic polychaetous annelids of Bahia de San Quintin, Baja California. Pacific Naturalist, 3(14): 399-436. Megalomma pigmentum. Reish D.J. 1959. A new sp ecies of Sabellidae (Annelida , Poly chaeta) from southern California. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (13) 2: 717-719. Euchone limnicola. Renier, S.A. 1804. Prospetto della Classe dei Vermi, nominati e ordinati secondo il Sistema di Bose. Padua, 38 pp. Myxicola infundibularis. Rowe, R. 1980. Polychaeta. In A taxonomic listing of common marine invertebrate species from southern California. Straughan, D. and R.F. Klink (eds.) Allan Hancock Found. Tech. Rpt. 3: 28 lp. Sars , M. 1951. Beretning om en i Sommeren 1849 foretagen Zoologiske Reise i Lofoten og Finmarken. 5. Annelides. Nyt magazin for naturvidenskaberne, 6: 196-211. Sabella crassicornis, Potamilla neglecta. Treadwell, A.L. 1906. Polychaetous annelids of the Hawaiian Islands, collected by the steamer Albatross in 1902. Bull. U.S. Fish. Commission 1903. 23(3): 1145-1181. Notoaulax californica. Uebelacker, J.M. 1984. Sabellidae. Chapter 54. In Taxonomic guide to the polychaetes of the northern Gulf of Mexico. Uebelacker, J.M. and P.G. Johnson (eds.). Final Report to the Minerals Management Service, contract 14-12-001-29091. Barry A. Vittor & Associates, Inc. Mobile, Ala. 7 Vols. Ushakov, P.V. 1955. Polychaeta of the far eastern seas of the U.S.S.R. Opred. Fauna SSSR No. 56: 445p. (Transl. from Russian by Israel Program of Sci. Transl. Jerusalem, No. 1259, 1965). Pseudopotami11a socialis Hartman, 1944 Sabellidae SCAMIT Vol. 5,. No. 3 SCMAIT Code: OC 66 Date Examined: 14 April 1986 Voucher By : Larry Lovell (MEC) Literature: Bush, 1904 Fanchald, 1977 Hartman, 1944 Hartman, 1969 Hobson and Banse, 1981 Knight-Jones, 1983 Pettibone, 1954 Rowe, 1980 Diagnostic Characters: 1. Dorsal edges of vadiolar bases not cleft. 2. Number of eyes variable 1 to 6 per radiole, usually found midlength on lateral radioles. 3. Number of uncini in last 1 or 2 thoracic setiger conspicuosly reduced in number and nearly twice as large as uncini from previous setigers. Related Species and Differences: The following table is based on information from adult animals and provided by Leslie Harris. No. of uncini 1st Thoracic Setiger p. socialis 25-30 p. occelata 45 p. intermedia 60 No. of uncini Last Thoracic Setiger 8-12 30 40-45 P. occelata is easily seperated by its cleft dorsally on the radiolar bases. Additional Remarks: The generic definition of Pseudopotimilla in Knight-Jones, 1983 is followed here. Distribution: Central and Southern California, rocky or mixed sediments, intertidal to shelf depths. Pseudopotami11a socialis Hartman, 1944 Sabellidae SCAMIT Vol. 5,.No. 3 a Figure a. Lateral view, showing last two thoracic and first (transitional) abdominal setiger. SCAMIT Vol. 5, No. 3 Chone minuta Sabellidae SCAMIT Code: OC 65 Date Examined: 14 April 1986 Voucher By: Larry Lovell(MEC) Literature: Banse, 1972 (syn. C. ecaudata ) Hartman, 1944 Hartman, 1969 Rowe, 1980 Diagnostic Characters: 1. A short tumid species of Chone . 2. Collar stains lightly with a ventral unstained cresent shaped area just anterior of setiger one, no stain on the collar dorsally. 3. Ventral shields present. Related species and Differences: 1. C. ecaudata is a slimmer bodied animal and is found in finer sediments. 2. C. sp. B ( sensu Harris) is very small ( Euchone sized) and has very dark lateral staining on the collar and setiger one. 3. All other species of Chone from California lack ventral shields. Additional Remarks: Banse, 1-9-7 2—consideredC— minuLa^a—synonym—of—C. ecaudata, but local taxonomists consider them as separate species. C. minuta is found in rocky and mixed sediment, while C. ecaudata is found in mud and sand. Distribution: Baja to Pt. Conception, intertidal to 60m. SCAMIT Vol. 5, No. 3 Chone minuta Sabellidae a Figure a. Anterior end, ventral view showing methyl green staining pattern. Scamit Vol. 5, No. 3 Chone veleronis Banse, 1972. Sabellidae SCAMIT code: LACO 73 (as Chone ecaudata) Date Examined: 14 April 1986 Voucher By: Larry Lovell (MEC) Literature: Banse, 1972 Rowe, 1980. Diagnostic Characters: 1. Absence of ventral shields, presence of a greatly broadened postsetal glandular girdle ventrally on the second setiger. 2. Branchiae crown long with high basis. Six to seven pairs of radioles with filiform free ends and palmate membrane reaching beyond distal pinnules. 3. Pre and postsetal whitish glandular rings of tissue in posterior thoracic and anterior to median abdominal setigers. Related Species and Differences: C. veleronis is the only known species of Chone with a greatly broadend postsetal glandular girdle ventrally on the second setiger. Distribution: San Diego to Ft. Bragg, Ca in shelf and nearshore depths. Scamit Vol. 5,.No. 3 Chone veleronis Banse, 1972. Sabellidae Figure a. Anterior end, ventral view, showing glandular girdle; Figure b. Tips of radioles, showing palmate membrane. Figures are from Banse, 1972. SCAMIT Vol.5, No. 3 Chone albocincta Banse, 1972 Sabellidae SCAMIT Code: OC 64, PL 68 Date Examined: 14 Aprill986 Voucher by: Larry Lovell (MEC) Literature: Banse, 1972 Rowe, 1980 Diagnostic Characters: 1. Absence of ventral shields, presence of a slightly broader postsetal glandular girdle on the second setiger. 2. Collar slightly oblique with eight to ten pairs of radioles connected by palmate membrane extending to origins of distal pinnules. Pinnules abruptly tapering to filiform free ends. 3. Pore and postsetal whitish rings of glandular tissue in thorax and anterior to median abdominal segments. 4. Upon staining with methyl green a whitish triangular area ventrally at the base of the collar just anterior of setiger one. Related Species and Differences: C. albocincta can be distinguished from other Californian species of Chone by the ventral whitish triangular area at the base of the collar after staining with methyl green and by the whitish pre and postsetal rings of tissue in the thorax and abdomin in unstained material. C. veleronis also has these rings of tissue, but the postsetal girdle of C. albocincta is not broadened ventrically as inC. veleronis. Distribution: San Diego to Ft. Bragg, Ca. , in shelf and nearshore depths. SCAMIT Vol.5, Ns, 3 Chone albocincta Banse, 1972 Sabellidae Figure a. Distal end of median radiole; Figure b. Ventral view of anterior end, showing staining pattern; Figure c. Dorsal view of anterior end, showing relative width of glahdular girdle. All figures are from Banse, 1972. SCAMIT Vo1. 5, No. 3 Melinna heterodonta Moore, 1923 Ampharetidae SCAMIT Code: LACO 74 (as Melinna exila ) Date examined: 14 April 1986 Voucher By: Larry Lovell (MEC) Literature: Fauchald, 1972 Hartman, 1969 Moore, 1923 (as M. cristata heterodonta ) Diagnostic Characters: 1. Eighteen thoracic setigers. 2. Branchiae four pairs of equal length, subulate, somewhat greenish colored in freshly preserved material. 3. Nuchal hooks yellow, slightly curved. 4. Transverse membrane extends from notosetae to notosetae, with 11 to 16 triangular lobes (some bilobed). Related Species and Differences: 1. M. oculata differs in that the branchiae are cross-barred with black pigment and the nuchal hooks are more recurved. 2. M. exila differs by the transverse membrane being narrow. (This species is questionable, examination of type material revealed a folded transverse membrane. Sue Williams-pers. comm.) 3. M. plana differs by having fifteen thoracic setigers and a smooth transverse membrane. 4. M. tentaculata differs by having oral tentacles and branchiae of more than one length. Distribution: Central and Southern California, the Gulf of California; in shelf, slope and abyssal depths. SCAMIT Vol. 5, No. 3 Melinna heterodonta Moore, 1923 Ampharetidae Figure 1. Anterior end, showing branchiae, nuchal hooks, and transverse membrane. Figure is from Hartman, 1969. July, 1986 Vol. 5, No. 4 NEXT MEETING: SPECIMEN EXCHANGE GROUP: TOPIC TAXONOMIC GROUP: August 11, 1986 Bryozoa Oxyrhyncha MINUTES FROM MEETING ON JULY 14, 1986 Executive Committee Meeting . The officers held an executive committee meeting on July 8, 1986. First on the agenda was how to get the SCAMIT library fully catalogued and developed into a working tool. It was decided that the best means to do this task would be to hire a student for $200.00. Additionally, the library catalogue needs to be computerized. Several options were considered for the computer. John Dorsey will be investigating these options and from his information the officers will decide on how to go about the computer issue. New SCAMITeers are here at last . Julie Anne Gerlinger was born to Tom and Anne on June 30th and coming in at a gross weight of 3388 grams and an overall length of 50.8 centimeters. The other SCAMITeer is Laura Anne Velarde, born to Ron and Jane on June 29th. She was tared in at 3754 grams and stretched to 52.1 centimeters long. Next Month's Topic Taxonomic Group. Very few Oxyrhynchid crabs we re exchanged because of the availability of sufficient specimens for the exchange. Therefore, in August there will be a lecture on Oxyrhynchids with a presentation of examples of common species that will be deposited as SCAMIT voucher specimens. Following the Oxyrhynchid lecture will be a continuation of the discussion of the Isaeid amphipods from July. List of Specimens Examined on July 14, 1986 HYP 59 Ampelisciphotis podophtalma J.L. Barnard 1958 HYP 60 Rudilemboides stenopropodus J.L. Barnard 1959 HYP 61 Aoroides inermis Conlan & Bousfield 1982 FUNDS FOR THIS PUBLICATION PROVIDED IN PART BY CHEVRON USA, INC., TEXACO INC., AND ARCO FOUNDATION List of Specimens Examined on July 14, 1986 (continued) LACO 76 in part Aoroides exilis Conlan & Bousfield 1982 in part Aoroides columbiae Walker 1898 PL 71 MBC 48, 49 & LACO 75 Protomedeia articulata J.L. Barnard 1962 These specimens are being examined further to resolve questions that arose at the meeting as to their identity. Travels with Olga Stockholm, Sweden (a postcard) 12 October 1939 Dear Emil: This shows one of Stockholm's busiest intersections, where no accidents occur (wide lanes, overhead lanes, etc., very modern traffic center near the water). This is a stone's throw from the wharf where "my ship came in," - the S.S. Wasaborg, with all my baggage from London, arrived here yesterday. I can breathe once again. It is pleasant to see a busy wharf again. The docks have been idle for weeks. Gustafsson's Pensionat Stockholm, Sweden 20 October, 1939 Dear Albert: So glad to get your letter of the 1st. It arrived yesterday, the same day that one from Frieda, written on the 2nd, arrived. Mails are now very infrequent. I received also two bundles of Los Angeles newspapers, telling of the terrible storm off Southern California, and giving the European situations as seen by American newspapers. All this is very interesting and news to me. I suppose much of it veers rather widely from the truth, but it does sell the papers. Stockholm newspapers have in many instances no glaring headlines, or when there are heavy-faced lines, they concern themselves with affairs of economic importance to the people here. This is a very beautiful time of the year in this far northern city. Stockholmers say that we are enjoying an unusually clear, beautiful fall, and that it certainly is. There is frost every night, and shallow water places are frozen over, but it is very invigorating, and the air is very clear. The northern lights are occasionally seen about now and in November, but one must go to the country, where there are no street lights, if one wishes to see them. They are much more c om mon l y - se e n- in Trondhrjnem—(v.—Noxwayi . The past few days have been remarkable in the history of Sweden, for there was a most famous gathering. King Haakon of Norway, King Christina of Denmark, President Kallio of Finland, and our remarkable King Gustav of Sweden, held a conclave here in Stockholm. The King's Palace was gayly decorated with flags and banners of the various countries represented. There were great street celebrations on Wednesday night, with singing and talks, - broadcasts over the radio. The parade of the flags was most impressing. There is a very close bond of friendship between these countries of the Baltic, and they seek freedom above all else. Had an interesting talk this morning with a member of the Swedish fish commission, who gave me much of the interest of the Kristunberg's Marine Station, in Bohuslan (west coast of Travels with Olga (continued) Sweden). It is the most active station in Sweden, and does excellent work. One of my colleagues in Marine chaetopods is director of the station, so I shall hope to go there for a few days, when it can be arranged. The station is under the management of the University of Uppsala, and its staff always consists largely of its members. The station is located on a rocky coast of a small island north of Goteborg. There is a famous fishing village nearby,-called Fiskebackskil, normally with a population of only fishermen. In late years the fishing industry has suffered from several causes, the inhabitants thus turned to a tourist-resort trade, and now its population stays there only in summer and goes inland in winter. The houses are all built on bare, rock sea cliffs, rather wide apart from each other. The language comes with much greater ease now than at first but I encounter all too many Swedes who speak English. As soon as they know I am not a Swede, they make every effort to speak in my native tongue. I would sometimes rather that they did not. Air travel has been restored between England and Scandinavia (this time to Stavanger, Norway). It is difficult (practically impossible) however, for a non-Britisher to get a visa to go to England. Restrictions are exceedingly stiff. "Bensinransonering" (gasoline rationing) is now seemingly somewhat reduced. Obviously conditions are much improved. Also, there seems to be more foreign made products on the market. According to the Swedish Annual Almanack, I find that there is a so-called Namnsdag for each of the names, Emil, Frida, Hulda and Albert, but none for Olga. The "Namnsdag" is where the occasion of much celebration for an individual-much as the birthday celebration to an American, but much more important. One receives gifts and is visited by relatives and friends. The birthday, on the other hand, is not celebrated. Katarina is also on the list and appears to be a good Swedish name. It also seems strange that the alphabet after Z is followed by the letters, a, a and o. Final Notes from the Amphipod Workshop . Notes from the workshop are finally transcribed and are currently in the process of being edited. If you are interested in receiving a copy, please contact Tom Parker at Los Angeles County Sanitation Districts, 24501 S. Figeroa St., Carson, CA 90745,(213) 775- 2351 X394. SCAMIT has received the keys to all Gammaridean families, except those which have only one genus in them, from Jerry Barnard. The key to Gammarids can be found in "Freshwater Amphipoda of the World". Those groups being worked upon by Gordon Karamen are not enclosed. At this time the full family key has not been completed. The full set of keys is available to members for $7.00, the price of photocopying and postage. Contact Ann Martin, Hyperion Treatment Plant, 12000 Vista del Mar, Playa del Rey, CA 90293. In the waning moments of the workshop, this photo was taken. We apologize for not thinking of taking a photo earlier, but amphipods took priority! Back row: Carol Paquette, Ron Velarde, Lori Vereker, Tom Parker, Tony Phillips, Jimmy Laughlin, Jim Roney, and Don Cadien Front row: Jerry Barnard, Ann Martin, and Leslie Snider Ampelisciphotis podophthalma J.L. Barnard, 1958 Isaeidae Vol. 5 No. 4 SCAMIT Code: HYP 59 Date examined: July 14, 1986 Voucher by: Lori Vereker Synonymy: Gaviota podophthalma J.L. Barnard, 1958 (J.L. Barnard, 1973) Literature: Barnard, J.L. 1958. A remarkable new genus of corophiid amphipod from coastal marine bottoms of southern California. Bull. So. Calif. Acad. Sci., 57:85-90. Barnard, J.L. 1973. Revision of Corophiidae and related families (Amphipoda). Smithson. Contri. Zool., 151:1-27. Diagnostic Characters: 1. Uropod 3 uniramous, ramus shorter than elongated peduncle. 2. Article 3 of antenna 1 as long as or longer than article 1, accessory flagellum absent. 3. Head with immense, pedunculate lateral ocular lobes (figure 2). M Figure 1. (from Barnard, 1958) Figure 2. (from Barnard, 1958) Related Species and Character Differences: The uniramous uropod 3 and head with pedunculate lateral ocular lobes distinguish this species. Depth Range: 10-60 m. Distribution: Point Arguello to Point Loma, California. I Aoroides exilis Conlan and Bousfield, 1982 Aoridae Vol. 5 No. 4 SCAMIT Code: LACO 76 Date examined: July 14, 1986 Voucher by: Lori Vereker Literature: Conlan, K.E. and E.L. Bousfield. 1982. The superfamily Corophioidea in the North Pacific region: 2. Family Aoridae: Systematics and distributional ecology. Nat. Mus. Natur. Sci. (Ottawa) Publ. Biol. Oceanogr., 10:77-101. Diagnostic Characters: 1. Uropod 2 peduncle with well developed antero-distal spinous process. 2. Uropod 3 outer ramus with 1-3 strong spines (this lacking in immature animals of less than 3 mm). 3. Gnathopod 2 palm transverse, dactyl overlapping by only the length of the nail; segment 2 of the female without a group of long setae on the distal anterior margin. 4. Male gnathopod 1 segments 2 and 3 densely setose, setae as long as the width of the segment. 5. Body pigmented in broad bands. Parts of the head, segments 6 and 7 bare, giving a saddleback appearance. 6. Mandibular palp, segment 2 bare. Aoroides exilis Conlan and Bousfield, 1982 Aoridae Vol. 5 No. 4 Related Species and Character Differences: A. spinosus - Male gnathopod 1, segments 2 and 3 weakly setose, setae shorter than the width of the segments. Depth Range: Intertidal to 60 m. Distribution: Alaska to Point Loma, California. Aoroides inermis Conlan and Bousfield, 1982 Aoridae Vol. 5 No. 4 SCAMIT Code: HYP 61 Date examined: July 14, 1986 Voucher by: Lori Vereker Literature: Conlan, K.E. and E.L. Bousfield. 1982. The superfamily Corophioidea in the North Pacific region: 2. Family Aoridae: Systematics and distributional ecology. Nat. Mus. Natur. Sci. (Ottawa) Publ. Biol. Oceanogr., 10:77-101. Diagnostic Characters: 1. Uropod 2 peduncle with well developed antero-distal spinous process. 2. Gnathopod 2 palm slightly oblique, dactyl overlapping by more than the length of the nail; segment 2 of the female with a group of long setae on the distal anterior margin. 3. Gnathopod 1 of male, segment 2 hind margin bare. Segment 5 not broader than segment 2, dorsal margin of segment 5 with 8-15 bundles of setae. 4. Uropod 3 outer ramus with no spines. 5. Maxilliped outer plate with all mid to lower teeth smooth. Figure 1. (from Conlan and Bousfield, 1982) Aoroides inermis Conlan and Bousfield, 1982 Aoridae Vol. 5 No. 4 Related Species and Character Differences: A. columbiae - Maxilliped outer plate, teeth strongly serrated, lower teeth with 1-4 cusps each. Male gnathopod 1, dorsal margin of segment 5 with only one distal group of short setae, segment 5 broader than segment 2. A. intermedius - Maxilliped outer plate, lower teeth cusped as opposed to smooth. Male gnathopod 1 with 5-7 bundles of setae on dorsal margin of segment 5. Remarks: Be careful using pigmentation on Aoroides . It may be more useful in fresh specimens, but in preserved specimens much of it fades out. This sometimes makes it hard to distinguish between, for instance, diffusely speckled versus broad bands. Depth Range: Intertidal to 60 m. Distribution: British Columbia to San Diego, California. Protomedeia articulata J.L. Barnard, 1962 Isaeidae Vol. 5 No.4 SCAMIT Code: PL 71 Date examined: July 14, 1986 Voucher by: Lori Vereker Literature: Barnard, J.L. 1962. Benthic marine Amphipoda of southern California: Families Aoridae, Photidae, Ischyroceridae, Corophiidae, Podoceridae. Pac. Nat., 3:1-72. Conlan, K.E. 1983. The amphipod superfamily Corophioidea in the northeastern Pacific region: 3. Family Isaeidae: Systematics and distributional ecology. Nat. Mus. Natur. Sci. (Ottawa) Publ. Nat. Sci., 4:1-75. Diagnostic Characters: 1. Uropod 3, biramous and subequal. 2. Antenna 1 peduncular segment 3 shorter than segment 1. 3. Urosome segments 1 and 2 separated. 4. Pereopods 3 and 4, dactyls long, anterior margin of segment 4 strongly setose. 5. Gnathopod 1, segment 2 not posterodistally produced into a lobe; gnathopod 2, segment 2 not anteriorly flanged; uropodal spines long and slender. Figure 1. (from Conlan, 1983). Protomedeia articulata J.L. Barnard , 1962 Isaeidae Vol. 5 No. 4 Related Species and Character Differences: P. fasciata - Gnathopod 1, segment 2 posterodistally produced into a lobe; gnathopod 2, segment 2 anteriorly flanged; uropodal spines short and stout. Depth Range: 9 - 906 m, on exposed coastal shelf. Distribution: Oregon to Point Loma, California. Rudilemboides stenopropodus J.L. Barnard, 1959 Aoridae Vol. 5 No. 4 SCAMIT Code: HYP 60 Date examined: July 14, 1986 Voucher by: Lori Vereker Literature: Barnard,J.L. 1959. Estuarine Amphipoda, pgs 13-69. in Barnard, J.L. and D.J. Reish. 1959. Ecology of Amphipoda and Polychaeta of Newport Bay, California. Allan Hancock Found. Publ. Occ. Paper, 21:1-106. Diagnostic Characters: 1. Gnathopods poorly subchelate. Male, gnathopod 1 distinctly larger than gnathopod 2; article 5 inflated, large, article 6 slender with no defined palm. Female gnathopod 1 scarcely larger than gnathopod 2. 2. Uropod 3, outer ramus longer than inner, with a short process and several spines apically. 3. Anterior coxae touching serially. 4. Pigment spot on head and first segment. 5. Posterior edge of epimeron 3 slightly convex, lower corner rounded, slightly notched, the notch bearing a seta. Depth Range: Intertidal to 60 m. Distribution: Goleta to Point Loma, California. Rudilemboides stenopropodus J.L. Barnard, 1959 Vol. Aoridae Rudilemboides tlenofrofodue, n. gen. ,p. Female, +.25 mm, station 31B. l^’^uropoTt I'i ; : M C ' tt °on E ’N Ptrl ' OP ? d5 \ 3> S; dible; P, lower lip; Q,’maxilla Z^Tendnf man ’ uropod 3. ilia i, end of outer ramus. outer ramus. Male, 3.j mm, station 3IB. "* £ # n a a n ' t h0P ° d }• 2, L, accessory flagellum, stippled^ V ’head’- w" 0 ?* l * segment 3; X. notch of plion SeSit^'s Y tiZ'. * No. 4 Figure 1. (from J.L. Barnard, 1959). Southern California Association of Marine Invertebrate Taxonomists 3720 Stephen White Drive San Pedro, California 90731 August, 1986 Vol. 5, No. 5 NEXT MEETING: September 8, 1986 SPECIMEN EXCHANGE GROUP: Aphroditidae, Sigalionidae TAXONOMIC TOPIC: Bryozoa GUEST SPEAKER: Dominic Gregorio, Texaco - Oil Exploration and Biological Surveys on Hard-Bottom Marine Habitats MINUTES FROM: Meeting on August 11, 1986 Don Cadien of MBC has recently collected a species of Alpheidae shrimp from Long Beach Harbor that was previously only known from southern Japan to Micronesia. This shrimp was described by Miya in 1972 and is named Salmoneus gracilipes . It can be distinguished by its large pointed rostrum, the unusually indented telson margin, and is found in about 60 feet of water. Don would appreciate the opportunity to examine any additional specimens that are collected. A recent article on benthic sampling programs will be of interest to many SCAMIT members. The article is entitled: Environmental Impact Assessment: "Pseudoreplication" in time? It is available in Ecology, 68(4) 1986 pp 929-940. Dr. J.L. Barnard has recently provided SCAMIT with copies of new manuscript Amphipod keys. Copies of these keys can be ordered from SCAMIT for the cost of xeroxing ($7.00). Contact Tom Parker, Marine Biology Laboratory, 24501 S. Figueroa Street, Carson, CA 90745. FUNDS FOR THIS NEWSLETTER PROVIDED IN PART BY ARCO FOUNDATION, CHEVRON OIL, USA, AND TEXACO INC. The SCAMIT newsletter is not deemed to be a valid publication for formal taxonomic purposes . An endownment for grants in systematic zoology , entitled "Ernst Mayer Grants, has been established at the Harvard Museum of Comparative Zoology. Each grant will allow the recipient to visit museums as needed for revisionary or monographic research in systematics; monies are to cover travel expenses and per diem. Applications are to be submitted twice each year, no later than September 15th and April 15th. Application and further information can be obtained from: Director Museum of Comparative Zoology Harvard University 26 Oxford Street Cambridge, Mass. 02138 The summertime expansion continues as another SCAMITeer has just been born. Tony and Rosa Phillips are the new parents to Sarah Elizabeth, who was born on August 9th. She was 53.3 centimeters long and weighed 3192 grams. Congratulations! A new footnote has been added to the first page of the SCAMIT newsletter. This disclaimer is necessitated by the observations of Fortey, R.A. fit iLl/ published in Lethaia (19), page 122 , 1986. They point out that, under the 3rd edition of the ICZN Code, organizational newsletters may qualify as publications, and new taxa introduced in newsletters may be considered valid. As the SCAMIT newsletter is not intended to be a vehicle for the erection of new taxa (other than provisional taxa, which are outside the Code ), the inclusion of this disclaimer prevents the inadvertent introduction to the literature of new taxa. It also makes clear that other taxonomic topics discussed in the newsletter or voucher sheets, such as amended or expanded descriptions, are not formal statements. Formal presentation of taxonomic work is properly left to publication in the peer-reviewed literature. Our attention was drawn to this issue by a note included in the most recent newsletter of the American Association for Zoological Nomenclaure. List of Specimens Examined on August 11, 1986 LACO 77, HYP62, MBC 57 Pyromaia tuberculata HYP64 Podochela lobifrons HYP64 Erileptus spinosus OC67 Podochela hemphilli - 2 - Travels with Olga Stockholm 31 October '39 Dear Folks: It has been many, many days since there has been any word from across the seas. It seems now as if every vessel has stopped. However, I know this is not true. I have been here now exactly two months, and my work is still not completed. I hope to think that in 2 or 3 weeks more it may be at a point where I can at least finish it elsewhere. The task at the Riksmuselt was a far greater one than was earlier anticipated. The past two months have, however, been full of interest. Last night the Microbiological Soc. of Sweden had its annual meeting at the Muselt. Professor Bock made all of the arrangements, and kindly gave me an opportunity to present a paper. I had to speak in English, but fortunately most Swedes understand many languages. There were papers in Swedish (out of which I was able to get a good deal) and one in German, by a Pole. It was a very interesting assemblage. The President of the Society is an Emeritus Professor of Pathology,- a distinguished looking, white-haired, alert Swede, with twinkling blue eyes and a white goatee and mustache. The secretary of the Society is director of the new Swedish Pathological Institut, a famous bacteriologist, and well known in European circles. He makes 2 trips a year to Paris, representing Sweden at the International Congresses. He affects the habits of a Frenchman,- wears his hair in a long bob, and dons frenchy jackets. Others included Professor Folke Borg, Zoologist from the University at Upsala, Sven Horstadius, and others whose names were known to me before coming to Sweden. I had the extreme pleasure, during the banquet that followed the meetings, of sitting between Professor Bock and the Secretary, and just across from the President. The latter had recently been in America, returning Sept. 8th on the Gripsholm, and he had much to tell of America. He is well over 70 years old, but very vital. These Swedish banquets are delightful but trying on one's alimentary tract. The great varieties of smorgasai always intrigue me greatly, so that by the time the warm course comes on, I am through eating. Hereafter, whenever I see "Pilsner," I shall surely think of Sweden. It is the great national drink. Several trips must be planned before leaving Sweden, and for which preliminary arrangements have been started. Scandinavia's leading biological station (a branch of the Swedish Academy) is at Kristiniberg, outer end of the Gullmar Fjord, in Bohuslan. It lies near Goteborg, and if I should take a boat from that city, or Oslo, I shall stop enroute and make a side trip for several days. The Gullmar Fjord is Sweden's largest Fjord. To Upsala I must go, not only to visit the oldest university, but to make several contacts. I should like to take a few days to go to Lofoten, in the Arctic, through Lappland, but fear that may need to be foregone, since at present it would only be a frill. If real biological interest would develop, I would perhaps go. There are easy connections to Narvich (Norway) and thenc^ to Lofoten (on the Arctic circle). - 5 - Travels with Olga (continued) The weather has been very beautiful. We have had sunny days and beautiful moon light nights. One gets easily accustomed to the cold,- probably because it is dry. There was a beautiful snow last night, but it was all gone by noon today. The farmers maintain that there has been too little rain this fall. But it has brought us beautiful skies. Saturday we were issued food-rationing cards, to which one must cling for dear life. Only one will be issued to any individual and i_f and when they go into effect, it will be a case of no card, no food. The law will go in effect in Pensionaten as well as all restaurants. We do not yet know what foods will be rationed, but rather anticipate coffee, sugar, bread, butter and potatoes. England is already on rations, Denmark on some things, etc. It cannot be so bad as it sounds. I loathe to think that my time in Sweden is so near a close. It has been a very interesting and profitable two months, with very peaceful surroundings. I have enjoyed a great hospitality, and met numerous people whom 1 have long wanted to know. And I have seen a country which is probably unlike any other country that I shall ever see. I heartily recommend Sweden to anyone who wants to enjoy a delightful vacation, or a beautiful dwelling place. I hope I shall be able to stay another month. Greetings and best wishes. - 6 - Four species of Oxyrhynchid crabs commonly caught in southern California trawls. Pyromaia tuberculata , Erileptus spinosus , Podochela Hemphilli and P. lobifrons are Oxyrhynchid crabs that are commonly caught in southern California trawls. These species are difficult to distinguish from one another because a combination of characters are used instead of a single one. The debris the crabs use to cover themselves further hinders identification unless it is removed. The accompanying illustration, chart and voucher sheets help in the identification of these four species. Basic features used in identification: CHARACTERS PYRQMAIA TUBERCULATA ERILEPTUS SPINOSUS PODOCHELA HEMPHILL I PODOCHELA LG8IFRQNS Carapace pyriform, very convex and tuburculate moderately convex, cardiac, gastric and branchial tuburcules more prominent in d* flattened, width approxi¬ mately 2/3 of length, gastric region tumid, carmine coloration along side, may persist in freshly preserved specimens. same as P. hemphilli Rostrum "stout," width 2/3 to 3/4 of length width 60% of length slightly curved, width 60% of length slightly curved, long, width 50% of length Medial Tubercles three two, with prominent spines on the cardiac, gastric and branchial regions two, cardiac poorly developed same as P. hemphilli Epistome wider than long about as wide as long slightly longer than wide same as P. hemphilli Postorbital Spine large, curved around eye, eye rests closely to spine pointing laterally, eye not resting on spine 3 very small, a "bump" small, sometimes more readily visible from the ventral side, located nearer to the eye than the hepatic spine small but distinct, located nearer to the eye than the hepatic spine Hepatic Spine softly rounded, extending slightly beyond postorbital spine prominent, extending beyond the eyes distinct, not reaching beyond eye, sometimes approaching strap-shaped strap-shaped, reaching beyond eye Chelipeds d* very inflated, $ and immature not inflated, shorter than 4th pair of walking legs $ very elongated, 3x body length, ^ and immature not elongated, shorter than 1st pair of walking legs 3 curved inward, nearly straight, shorter than 4th pair of walking legs same as P. hemphilli 1st Abdominal Segment one spine, well developed one spine, well developed one small tubercle two blunt, median tubercles Erileptus spinasus Rathbun, 1893 Majidae Vol 5, No. 5 SCAMIT Code: HYP 63 Date Examined: August 11, 1986 Voucher by: Ann Martin SYNONOMY: Anasimus rostratus Rathbun, 1893 Anasimus spinosus Schmitt, 1921 LITERATURE: Garth, J.S. 1958. Brachyura of the Pacific Coast of America Oxyrhyncha. Allan Hancock Pac. Exped. Vol. 21, Part 1 and 2. DIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERS: 1. A small species, sexually dimorphic, males with chelipeds 3-4 times carapace length (Fig. 1), females with chelipeds 1.5 times carapace length (Fig. 2), tips of chelipeds in both sexes banded that persists in alcohol. 2. Carapace moderately convex with two medial tubercles, and prominant spines on the cardiac, gastric and brachial regions. 3. Male postorbital spine small, female postorbital spine pointing laterally. 4. Hepatic spine prominant. 5. Male pleopod as illustrated (Fig. 3). VARIABILITY: 1. The rostrum length varies considerably. RELATED SPECIES AND CHARACTER DIFFERENCES: Females are similar in appearance to Inachoides laevis ; however, I. laevis , a southern species ranging from La Libertad, Ecuador to Cedros Island, Baja, California, has not been reported from southern California waters (Garth 1958) . DEPTH RANGE: Intertidal to 366m Santa Inez Bay, Gulf of California to Santa Rosa Island, California. DISTRIBUTION: Erileptus spinosus Rathbun, 1893 Majidae Vol 5, No. 5 Fig. 1 Male Erileptus spinosus Fig. 2 Female Erileptus spinosus Fig. 3 Right first male pleopod (from Garth 1958). Podochela hemphilli (Lockington, 1877) Majidae Vol. 5, No. 5 SCAMIT Code: OC67 Date Examined: August 11, 1986 Voucher by: Ann Martin SYNONOMY: Microrhynchus hemphillii Lockington, 1877 Inachoides (Microrhynchus) hemphillii Lockington, 1877 Podochela tenuipes Rathbun, 1898 Podochela hemphillii Rathbun, 1898 LITERATURE: Garth, J.S. 1958. Brachyura of the Pacific Coast of America Oxyrhyncha. Allan Hancock Pac. Exped. Vol. 21, Part 1 and 2. DIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERS: VARIABILITY: 1. Carapace flattened with two medial tubercles and poorly developed cardiac tubercles (Fig. 1). 2. Postorbital spine small, sometimes more readily visible from the ventral side. 3. Distinct hepatic spine, not reaching beyond eye. 4. One tubercle on the first abdominal segment. 5. Male first right pleopod as illustrated (Fig. 2). 1. Hepatic spine sometimes approaches strap-shape. RELATED SPECIES AND CHARACTER DIFFERENCES: 1. Podochela lobifrons has a distinctly strap-shaped hepatic spine and two tubercles on the first abdominal segment 2. Podochela angulata has an inconspicuous or lacking postorbital spine DEPTH RANGE: Intertidal to 165m DISTRIBUTION: Colombia to San Miguel Island, California Podochela hemphilli (Lockington, 1877) Majidae Vo1. 5, No. 5 Fig. 1 Male Podochela hemphilli Fig. 2 Right first male pleopod (from Garth 1958). Pod.ochela lobifrons Rathbun, 18 9 3 Majidae Vol. 5, No. 5 SCAMIT Code: HYP64 Date Examined: August 11, 1986 Voucher By: Ann Martin SYNONOMY: Podochela barbarensis Rathbun, 1924 LITERATURE: Garth, J.S. 1958. Brachyura of the Pacific Coast of America Oxyrhyncha. Allan Hancock Pac. Exped. Vol. 21 Part 1 and 2. DIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERISTICS: 1. Carapace flattened with two medial tubercles and poorly developed cardiac tubercles (Fig. 1). 2. Postorbital spine small, sometimes more readily visible from the ventral side. 3. Distinct hepatic spine, broadly strap-shaped. 4. First abdominal segment with two median tubercles. 5. Male first right pleopod as illustrated (Fig. 2). RELATED SPECIES AND CHARACTER DIFFERENCES: 1. Podochela hemphilli does not have a strap-shaped hepatic spine and has one tubercle on the first abdominal segment. DEPTH RANGE: Intertidal to 220m DISTRIBUTION: Gulf of California to Pt. Mugu, California Podochela lobifrons Rathbun, 1893 Majidae Vol. 5, No. 5 Fig. 1 Female Podochela lobifrons Fig. 2 Right first male pleopod (from Garth 1958) Pyromaia tuberculata (Lockington, 1877) Majidae Vol. 5, No. 5 SCAMIT Code: LACO 77, HYP62, MBC 57 Date Examined: August 11, 1986 Voucher by: Ann Martin SYNONYMY: , Inachus tuberculatus Lockington, 1877 Inachoides magdalensis Rathbun, 1893 Inachoides tuberculatus Schmitt, 1921 LITERATURE: Garth, J.S. 1958. Brachyura of the Pacific Coast of America Oxyrhyncha. Allan Hancock Pac. Exped. Vol. 21, Part 1 and 2. DIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERS: 1. Carapace pyriform, very convex, and tuberculate with three medial tubercles. 2. Postorbital spine large, curved forward around eye, eye rests closely to spine. 3. Hepatic spine softly rounded, extending slightly beyond postorbital spine. 4. Mature male chelipeds inflated and tuberculate (Fig. 1), female chelipeds slender (Fig. 2). 5. Male pleopod 1 as illustrated (Fig. 3). VARIABILITY: Juveniles are longer than wide, have smaller postorbital spines and shorter dactyls. The rostrum is short, developing from a rounded bifid structure to the lengthened adult form (Fig. 4). Carapace tubercles develop with age; the intestinal arising last. Garth (1958) determined that three races exist: the typical form described above, a northern Gulf of California form, and a southern Gulf of California form. The northern form has a shorter rostrum, a wider carapace with many coarse granules, and a swollen bare hand that Garth designated as a subspecies P. t. mexicana . The southern form, called vareity A by Rathbun (1925), has a long rostrum, laterally directed postorbital spines and few granules on the walking legs. Pyromaia tuberculata (Lockington, 1877) Majidae Vol. 5, No. 5 RELATED SPECIES AND CHARACTER DIFFERENCES: Garth (1958) noted that juveniles are similar to juvenile Inachoides which have smaller post orbital spines and shorter dacfyls. DEPTH RANGE: Intertidal to 400m DISTRIBUTION: Utria Bay, Columbia to Tomales Bay, California Fig. 1 Male Pyromaia tuberculata Fig. 2 Female Pyromaia tuberculata Pyromaia tuberculata (Lockington, 1877) Vol. 5, Majidae Fig. 3 Right first male pleopod (from Garth 1958) LAC077A LAC077C LAC077E 5 mm Fig. 4 Juvenile Pyromaia tuberculata featuring development of the rostrum. No. 5 Southern California Association of Marine Invertebrate Taxonomists September 1986 3720 Stephen White Drive San Pedro, California 90731 Vol. 5, No. 6 NEXT MEETING: October 20, 1986 SPECIMEN EXCHANGE GROUP: Polynoidae TAXONOMIC TOPIC: Aphroditidae, Sigalionidae MINUTES FROM MEETING ON SEPTEMBER 8, 1986 Dominic Gregorio from Texaco Inc , presented a talk on the progression of technologies used by oil companies to conduct photographic surveys on hard substrate, oil platforms, and pre-drilling sites. He began with color slides taken by divers on oil platforms and moved to the use of equipment allowing surveys in deeper water. Eventually development of remote operated vehicles with sophisticated sonar and cameras permitted the presentation of spectacular videotapes of deep hard substrate habitats. The International Polychaete Conference held during August 1986 has produced a new organization entitled the International Polychaetology Association. Its purpose is to encourage participation and cooperation within the various areas of research on Polychaeta. Through informal meetings and correspondence the association will provide a forum to exchange information and introduce new students to the field. For further information and to enroll as a member please contact: Dr. James Blake Batelle New England Marine Research Laboratory 397 Washington Street Duxbury, Massachusetts 02332 FUNDS FOR THIS PUBLICATION PROVIDED IN PART BY CHEVRON U.S.A. INC., TEXACO INC., AND ARCO FOUNDATION. The SCAMIT newsletter is not deemed to be a valid publication V ■' for formal taxonomic purposes. Spider crab correspondence was recently received from SCAMlT members giving more information on the Oxyrhynchid crabs presented in last months voucher sheets. With their permission, here are their notes: Dr. James Carlton -- Pyromaia tuberculata historically is unknown north of Monterey Bay. Until 1958 it was known only from Tomales Bay by a single specimen collected in 1946 (Garth, 1958). It seems to have appeared in San Francisco Bay in the 1960's, perhaps helped by the late 1950's El Nino. My suspicion is that once established in San Francisco Bay in the 1960's, it was picked up by trans¬ pacific shipping and carried to Japan later in the same decadel In the 1970's it appeared in Sagami Bay, Japan (introduced by ships) and has most recently appeared in Korea and New Zealand either via Japan or directly from the U.S. Perhaps the mode of transport is larvae carried in the marine ballast water. Pyromaia 1 s travels to date: California to Japan: T. Sakai. 1976. Crabs of Japan and the adjacent seas. Kodansha Ltd., 773 pp. (I would predict that electrophoretic genetic analysis could reveal whether Pyromaia came from the Los Angeles area or (my bet) San Francisco Bay — if, that is, the southern and northern stocks are genetically different enough. David Woodruff (Scripps) has done this with Crepidula onyx introduced from southern California to Hong Kong.) Japan to Korea: H.S. Kim. 1985. Systematic studies on crustaceans of Korea, 1. Decapods. Proceedings of the College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, 10: 63-94. (I have a copy of this; two other journals in which Korean marine invertebrate systematists are publishing are: The Korean Journal of Systematic Zoology (volume 1 appeared in 1985, and includes another paper by Kim on brachyuran crabs) and Inje Journal (volume 1, 1985, includes a paper, for example, on the sphaeromatid isopods of Korea; Inje College is in Korea.) Japan (or California?) to New Zealand: F.I. Dromgoole and B.A. Foster. 1983. Changes to the marine biota of the Auckland harbour. Tane 29: 79-96. (Concerns introductions of marine invertebrates and algae in New Zealand; SIO has this journal.) Pyromaia will certainly appear in Australia, if it is not there already. Dr. Mary K. Wicksten has also written to SCAMIT about spider crabs. Her letter reads: I always read with interest anything about spider crabs, so I took note of your section on spider crabs (August 1986). There are a few behavioral and habitat differences between the four similar spider crabs that will help you "in a pinch" (bad pun). Erileptus spinosus often occurs a bit deeper than the other three species, often being taken by dredges on steep shelly or pebbly bottoms along the offshore islands of southern California. Podochela hemphilli is a decorator, often attaching pieces of bryozoans or algae at right angles to the axes of its long legs. Some individuals put a sprig of algae on the rostrum, or use bits of ascididans in decorating. Podochela lobifrons is the least common of the four in southern California. Pyromaia tuberculata rarely decorates, but may have encrusting sponges or bryozoans on the carapace. (It may act like Pelia tumida --allows itself to be overgrown by attached organisms.) Of the four, it seems most tolerant of sandy or silty bottoms, ranging well away from the nearest hard substrate. It often occurs in bays and harbors. I've seen some riding around on large starfishes ( Pisaster brevispinus and others). While one must rely on the anatomy for a final decision, one can narrow it down a bit by eliminating unlikely situations. By the way, I've photographed Podochela hemphilli on Wharf #2 in Monterey Harbor, Monterey, California. Helpful hints on the examination of Bryozoan were provided by Carol Pacquette and Martina Budris of MBC. The appearance of ovicells and the degree of calcification seen in Bryozoans may be quite variable within a colony. Not every individual within the group will possess identical characters. Long term storage of Bryozoans is probably best in 80% Ethanol,- while the actual examination of specimens is best done dry. The Polychaete Research Newsletter is an informal publication that provides for communication between polychaete workers. Any topic pertinent to polychaetes is of interest to the newsletter. Most of the topics concern work being done in the Northeastern Atlantic associated with Great Britain. The newsletter is published several times each year. For additional information contact: Chris Mettam Department of Biology University College Cardiff CFl 1XL Wales, U.K. LIST OF SPECIMENS EXAMINED ON SEPTEMBER 8, 1986 SCCWRP 69 Thalamoporella californica (Levinsen 1909) SCCWRP 70 Membranipora tuberculata (Bose 1802) SCCWRP 71 Scrupocellaria diegensis Robertson 1905 SCCWRP 72 Crisia occidentalis Trask 1857 MBC 50 Rhynchozoon rostratum (Busk 1856) MBC 51 Thalamoporella californica (Levinson 1909) MBC 52 Membranipora villosa Hincks 1880 MBC 53 Scrupocellaria dieqensis Robertson 1905 MBC 54 Membranipora membranacea (Linnaeus 1767) MBC 55 Membranipora perfragilis (MacGillivray 1 TRAVELS WITH OLGA Last month was the final edition of Olga Hartman's letters, hope you enjoyed reading them! We Jasmineira sp.A SCAMIT Sabellidae Vol 5, No. 6 SCAMIT Code: HYP 57, OC 63 Date examined: April 14, 1986 Voucher by: Leslie H. Harris (MBC) SYNONYMY: Fabrisabella sp.A Harris Fabrisabella sp.B Williams LITERATURE: Banse 1979 Fauchald 1977 Fauvel 1927 Hartman 1969 DIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERS: 1. Body short and tumid, 2-3mm without crown. 8 thoracic and about 16 abdominal setigers. 2. Thoracic notosetae include bilimbate, subspatulate, and broadly spatulate with very long mucrons. Abdominal neurosetae are capillary or unilimbate with narrow wings. 3. Thoracic neurosetae are long handed, acicular uncini, gently bent, 4-6 per fascicle. Abdominal uncini are avicular, S-shaped, strongly- bent. Both types have a large main fang and a crest of smaller teeth. No companion setae. 4. Collar has ventral notch, slight ventro¬ lateral dips, then slopes abruptly middorsally. Edges of dorsal folds may overlap or gap, branchial basis exposed. Collar usually flares out. 5. Anus ventral, pygidium conical with two lateral eyespots. 6 . Vascular coils (atocysts?) present, 1 pair, dorsally within the collar. 7. 7-8 pairs of radioles, with many long pinnules, bushy-looking. No lateral flange or palmate membrane. Radioles end in large, bilobed foliaceous membranes, with sometimes a smaller (replacement?) membrane subterminally. Jasmineira sp.A SCAMIT Vol 5, No. 6 8 . No glandular girdle on setiger 2. No intra- segmental furrow in thoracic setigers. 9. Staining pattern: (see illustration) - Strongly marked ventral shields on all setigers, thoracic and abdominal; shields from setiger 10 to end of body divided by fecal groove. - Slight staining on parapodia. - No deeply colored areas on dorsum or crown. - Pygidium very dark. RELATED SPECIES AND CHARACTER DIFFERENCES: 1. Jasmineira candela (Grube 1863) also has radioles ending in foliaceous membranes. It has 17-18 setigers total, bilimbate and broadly spatulate thoracic notosetae, and geniculate, limbate abdominal neurosetae. J. sp.A has about 24 setigers, bilimbate, spatulate and subspatulate setae, and straight capillary or unilimbate neurosetae. The mucron of the spatulate setae in candela is short, less than the length of the spatulate, while the mucron of sp.A setae is very long, up to twice the length of the spatulate head. If the branchial crown is lost, this might be mistaken for J. sp.B or Fabrisabella vasculosa Hartman 1969. F. vasculosa has 2 pairs of vascular coils, 12-14 radiole pairs, the mucron is shorter than the spatulate head, and there are no subspatulate setae. J. sp.B has a long, linear body, 10-12 pairs of radioles, a short mucron, subspatulate setae, and a digitate caudal appendage. J. sp. A has 1 pair of vascular coils, a short, tumid body, 7-8 pairs of radioles, a short mucron, subspatulate setae and a rounded pygidium. The dorsal separation of the collar in Fabrisabella vasculosa does not appear to be a reliable character since it varies on specimens seen. Jasmineira sp.A SCAMIT Vol 5, No. 6 REMARKS: Specimens of this species were originally identified as Fabrisabella Hartman 1969, because of the lack of companion setae, the long-handled, gently-curved thoracic uncini and avicular abdominal uncini. These characters are shared by Jasmineira Langerhans 1880, and the only character separating them is whether the collar is deeply and widely separated dorsally ( Fabrisabella ) or not ( Jasmineira )? on the basis of its collar structure and its similarity to J. candela the new species has been put into Jasmineira . This is the first record for the genus from the area, and the second for the Pacific coast (Banse 1979). In Fauchald 1977, Fabrisabella is included under subfamily Sabellinae in the dichotomous key, but should be under Fabricinae because of its acicular thoracic uncini; in the generic definitions it f s listed as a Fabricinae. DISTRIBUTION: Point Conception through Orange County, in mixed sediments and rock bottoms to 120m in depth. Fig. 3 Dorsum Jasmineira sp.B SCAMIT Sabellidae Vol. 5, No. 6 SCAMIT Code: Provisional Date examined: June 12, 1986 Voucher by: Leslie H. Harris (MBC) SYNONYMY: Jasmineira sp.A Harris Fabrisabella sp.A Williams LITERATURE: Annenkova 1937 Banse 1979 Fauvel 1927 DIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERS: 1. Body long and linear, 7mm without crown. 8 thoracic and about 25 setigers. 2. Thoracic notosetae 3 kinds: bilimbate, subspatulate and spatulate with short mucron. Abdominal neurosetae capillary or unilimbate with very narrow wings. 3. Thoracic neurosetae long-handled, acicular uncini, gently bent, 7-12 per fascicle. Abdominal uncini avicular, S-shaped, strongly- bent, 10-11 per fascicle. Both types have large main fang and crest of smaller teeth. No companion setae. 4. Collar with ventral notch, fairly level all the way around, dips slightly dorsally. Dorsal edges infolded, rarely gaps, brancial basis covered. 5. Anus ventral, pygidium has digitate caudal appendage. No eyespots. 6. Otocysts (vascular folds) present, 1 pair, dorsally within the collar. 7. 10-12 pairs of radioles, long. Branchial crown usually broken off slightly above branchial basis. No flange or palmate membrane (?). 8. Narrow glandular girdle on setiger 2. Intrasegmental furrows present in thoracic setigers. Jasmineira sp.B SCAMIT Vol. 5, No. 6 RELATED REMARKS: 9. Staining pattern: - Thoracic setigers stain dark green? ventral shields not delineated, stained area continues laterally and surrounds parapodia. Dorsum unstained except for slight banding on last thoracic segments. - Stain on abdominal segments forms continuous bands around the body on most setigers, interrupted by fecal groove; last 10-12 setigers are much lighter both dorsally and ventrally. - Pygidial area very dark, caudal appendage unstained. - Distinct pattern on collar, anterior region free of stain. SPECIES AND CHARACTER DIFFERENCES: 1. Jasmineira caudata Langerhans 1880 has a digitate caudal appendage, but its collar lacks a midventral notch and has only 2 kinds of thoracic notosetae. 2. Jasmineira pacifica Annenkova fide Banse 1979 is the second species with a caudal appendage, but it has greatly enlarged and deeply split ventral collar lobes, the lobes and anterior part of the collar is strongly staining, and its limbate setae are very short-bladed. J. sp.B has a level collar with midventral notch, not enlarged ventrally, a non-staining anterior collar region, 3 kinds of notosetae in the thorax, including long-bladed limbate setae. (See also section under Jasmineira sp.A) Both the branchial crown and the caudal appendage are easily lost. The distinctive stain pattern is a reliable character for identification. Jasmineira sp.B SCAMIT Vol. 5, No. 6 Banse (1979) mentions 2 specimens of Jasmineira sp. from British Columbia which he tentatively assigned to J. pacifica , although their collars lacked reduced ventral extensions and incisions, and the strongly staining anterior region. These would appear to be closely related to J sp.B. DISTRIBUTION: Point Conception to Santa Monica Bay, to 60 meters in soft sediments. Fig. 1 Ventrum Fig. 2 Pygidium Potamethus sp.A SCAMIT Sabellidae Vol. 5, No. 6 SCAMIT Code: MBC 45 Date examined: April 14, 1986 Voucher by; Leslie H. Harris (MBC) SYNONYMY: Potamethus sp.A Harris Potamethus sp.A Williams LITERATURE: Hartman 1969 Knight-Jones 1983 DIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERS: 1. Body linear, small: ovigerous female 7.4 mm without branchial crown. Tube very thin, brown, made of silt, adheres tightly to body. 2. Eight thoracic setigers, 18-20 abdominal setigers. 3. Tentacular crown short, with 6-7 radiole pairs; pinnules short. 4. Collar low dorsally; forms pair of long triangular lobes ventrally. 5. Thoracic uncini avicular, long stemmed; companion (pennon) setae present. 6. Ventral shields in thorax. 7. Pygidium bi-lobed. RELATED SPECIES: 1. Potamethus mucronatus (Moore 1923): 15 pairs of radioles, 49-57+ abdominal setigers, thoracic uncini with unusually high crest and exceptionally long stemmed, tube black, inhabits deep slope and abyssal depths. REMARKS: This species is distinguished easily by the triangular collar lappels and the stain pattern. The companion setae are nearly invisible, very hard to see. The tube adheres to the animal, and is characteristically difficult to remove without damaging the animal. Potamethus sp.A SCAMIT Vol. 5, No. 6 DISTRIBUTION: Point Loma to Point Sol, Catalina Island; soft bottoms down to 195m. Fig. 1 Staining pattern Fig. 2 Pygidium Euchone sp.A SCAMIT Sabellidae Vol 5, No. 6 SCAMIT Code: MBC 46 Date examined: April 14, 1986 Voucher by: Leslie H. Harris (MBC) SYNONYMY: Euchone sp.A Harris Euchone sp.A Lovell LITERATURE: Banse 1957 Banse 1970 Banse 1972 Hartman 1969 DIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERS: 1. Body minute, ovigerous female 2mm long without branchial crown; radioles almost always missing. 2. Abdomen has 3 anterior (pre-funnel) setigers and 3 depression setigers. 3. Large oblique collar, higher ventrally than dorsally; no midventral notch or noticeable lateral notches; narrow dorsal gap. 4. Thoracic notosetae 3 kinds: (a) long, limbate in all setigers; (b) very short, fine geniculate in first 2-3 setigers; (c) short, in setigers 2-8, appear limbate rather than subspatulate. 5. No ventral shields. 6. Faint postsetal glandular girdle on 1st abdominal setiger (very hard to distinguish). RELATED SPECIES AND CHARACTER DIFFERENCES: Euchone trilobata (Banse 1957) is the closest species to Euchone sp. A, both having a total of 6 abdominal setigers, and both lacking distinct subspatulate setae. Sp.A's anal depression consists of 3 setigers, its collar is oblique and conceals the branchial basis, and the abdominal uncini have broad bases and large rostra. Trilobata has 4 setigers in its anal depression, the collar is level and doesn't cover the branchial basis. Euchone sp.A SCAMIT Vol 5, No. 6 REMARKS: DISTRIBUTION: and the uncini are pectinate. The small species of Euchone found locally are compared with trilobata and sp.A in the following table. This species has often been identified as E hancocki or incolor juveniles because of its small size and 3 depression setigers. Juveniles may not have the full number of depression setigers, and the best character to use for identification is the number of anterior abdominal (pre-depression) setigers, which remains constant in small species (Banse 1970). Point Conception to Point Loma, 20 to 150m; patchy abundance in soft sediments. TABULAR KEY TO SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA EUCHONE SPECIES by Leslie Harris Marine Biological Consultants 947 Newhall, Costa Mesa, CA 92626 Species 1. 2 . 3. 4. 5. 6. co | r-'l arenae 6-9 Hartman 1966 6 5-7 — level, slight midventral notch long limbate, short limbate, subspatulate + Southern California; Gulf of California hancocki Banse 1970 5 3 4 1st; post- setal level to slightly oblique, no distinct mid- ventral incision long limbate, short limbate short & fine limbate Southern California incolor 6 3 Hartman 1965 3 3rd; oblique, long limbate, pre- slightly higher short limbate, setal ventrally, subspatulate slight mid- ventral and lateral notches New England; Northeast Pacific limnicola 8 10 7 oblique, higher long limbate, + Southern Reish 1960 ventrally than short limbate, California dorsally, lack- subspatulate ing notches trilobata 244 (Banse 1954) level, no notches, brachial basis not concealed long limbate, short limbate, short & fine limbate Falkland Islands sp. A 3 3 1st oblique, higher long limbate, - Southern post- ventrally than short limbate, California setal dorsally, no short & fine * notches, con- limbate ceals branchial basis * very inconspicuous Table Key: 1. # anterior abdominal setigers 5. collar 2. # anal depression setigers 6. thoracic notosetae 3. # radioles 7. ventral shields 4. abdominal setiger with glandular 8. occurrence girdle; position * Sq 0 October 1986 Southern California Association of Marine Invertebrate Taxonomists 3720 Stephen White Drive San Pedro, California 90731 Vol. 5, No. 7 NEXT MEETING: November 10, 1986 SPECIMEN EXCHANGE GROUP: Ascidiacea TAXONOMIC TOPIC: Polynoidae MINUTES FROM MEETING ON OCTOBER 20, 1986 Leslie Harris has announced a call for people to bring specimens they would like to have examined by researchers working on the polychaete genera Sige , Eumida , Eulalia , Steggoa , and Mediomastus . The specimens of Mediomastus will be sent to Dr. Pat Hutchings in Australia and the Phyllodocidae will be sent to Dr. Fredrik Pleijel in Sweden. Don't miss this opportunity to have your work done for you. New publications that have recently been issued will be of interest to many SCAMIT members: Williams, A.B. 1986. Mud shrimps, Upogebia , from the eastern Pacific (Thalassimoidae: Upogebiidae) San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist. Memoir 14. Scott, P.H. 1986. A new species of Adontorhina (Bivalvia:Thyasiridae) from the northeast Pacific, with notes on Adontorhina cyclia Berry, 1947 Veliger 29 (2): 149-156. FUNDS FOR THIS PUBLICATION PROVIDED IN PART BY CHEVRON U.S.A. INC., TEXACO INC., AND ARCO FOUNDATION The SCAMIT newsletter is not deemed to be a valid publication for formal taxonomic purposes. - 1 - Another SCAMITeer has entered the world. Elise Alexandra Lissner was born to parents Andy and Luanne on October 6th. She weighed in at 7 lbs. 11 ozs. and was 21^ inches long. Erratum for the recently distributed Amphipod Workshop Notes will be found as a separate page in this newsletter volume. List of specimens examined on October 20, 1986 PL 72 Thalenessa spinosa (Hartman, 1939) MBC 57 Thalenessa spinosa (Hartman, 1939) MBC 58 Sthenelais cf. verruculosa Johnson, 1897 HYP 65 Pholoe glabra Hartman, 1961 HYP 66 Thalenessa spinosa (Hartman, 1939) HYP 67 Aphrodita spp. (The material exchanged represented a species complex that is being retained for further review and resolution.) The voucher sheets were be in next month's not ready at time of publication but will newsletter. - 2 - SCAMIT ORDER FORM T-SHIRTS COLOR 1st 2nd Choice Choice • Mens Womens Childrens Blue ( ) ( ) Small < ) ( ) ( ) Yellow ( ) ( ) Medium ( ) ( ) ( ) Tan ( ) ( ) Large ( ) ( ) ( ) Price: $8.00 plus $.95 postage X-Large XX-Large ( ) ( ) — Not Available- Not Available- SCAMIT MUGS One mug $ 6.00 ( ) Shipping $ 1.50 Set of 4 22.00 ( ) Shipping 2.00 Set of 6 33.00 ( ) Shipping 2.50 SCAMIT HATS $6.00 each, $.95 postage ( ) VIDEO TAPES These tapes of SCAMIT guest lecturers are available for viewing on VHS recorders. Price for renting is $10.00 with a $5.00 refund upon return of the tape. Dr. Andrew Lissner and Dr. Wilson Horn: status of Benthic Archive Samples and Reexamination of Existing Data for California (May 14, 1983). Dr. Pat Hutchings: Systematics of Mediomastus . (January 14, 1985) Dr. Richard Bray: Consumer mediated Nutrient Transport into Rocky Subtidal Reefs. (February, 11, 1985) Dr. J.L. Barnard: Amphipod Workshop Morning Lecture (March 7, 1985). Also accompanied with transcribed notes from the discussions on March 6, 8 and 11, 1985). Dennis Lees: Hydroid assemblages of soft-bottomed habitats on the Hueneme Shelf, and factors influencing their distribution (April, 8, 1985). Dr. Burton Jones: Physical and Chemical Processes associated with the Los Angeles County Sanitation Districts Outfall. (November 18, 1985) TOTAL ENCLOSED: $_ Mail to: Ann Martin Biology Laboratory Hyperion Treatment Plant 12000 Vista del Mar Playa del Rey, Ca. 90291 Additional Comments These additional comments arose from discussion that took place while examining the various specimens. Some were general in nature, others are directed toward a specific family. 1. To best examine uropods, pull off the entire urosome. This enables one to keep track of right and left sides and help make illustrations be more uniform. More characters should be illustrated in the undissected form. 2. Phoxocephalidae a. A displaced apical spine is one that does not occur on the dorsal edge of the peduncle rather it is located distally on the apical end. Apical Spine cd Displaced Apical Spines b. Jewel-like spines are short and broad, and reflect light. They are a tropical characteristic. Sediment may be a factor in influencing the Normal Spine Jewel-Like Spine presence of these spines. Tropical seas have coarser sediments (from the lack of runoff) and having jewel-like spines benefits the amphipod living in coarser sediments. The spines also may be an aid during molting by functioning as a cuticle hook. Amphipods with these spines may constitute a separate genus. 3. Molting is a major cause of death. Experiments in the Arctic showed that 50% of the second instar juveniles Ye<, n.}9/e4 Southern California Association of Marine Invertebrate Taxonomists 3720 Stephen White Drive San Pedro, California 90731 Vol. 5, No. 8 NEXT MEETING: December 8, 1986 SPECIMEN EXCHANGE GROUP: Asellota Isopoda TAXONOMIC TOPIC: Ascidiacea MINUTES FROM MEETING ON NOVEMBER 10, 1986: Joint Workshop - Early in 1987 SCAMIT will be holding a workshop together with the Southern California Environmental Chemists 1 Society (SCECS) to examine existing protocals for the collection, sampling, and handling of marine organisms used for priority pollutant analysis. These protocols, though not directly affecting taxonomy, are of concern to SCAMIT members because many of these samples are collected by the same biologists who collect specimens for environmental surveys used to describe community structure and fluctuations. Currently SCAMIT's president, John Dorsey, is working with SCECS's president, Rich Gosset, on the organization of the workshop. They plan to mail questionaires to prospective participants on methods they employ. The workshop will be held at SCCWRP and will have limited attendance for space reasons. Once a formalized date is set, it will be announced in this news¬ letter along with other pertinent information. FUNDS FOR THIS PUBLICATION PROVIDED IN PART BY ARCO FOUNDATION, CHEVRON U.S.A. INC., AND TEXACO INC. The SCAMIT newsletter is not deemed to be a valid publication for formal taxonomic purposes. - 1 - Synoptic Collection - Cathy Crouch raised and interesting question for SCAMIT; should SCAMIT pursue a synoptic collection of southern California invertebrates? After considerable discussion, it was concluded that a comprehensive collection of southern California invertebrates is a definite goal that SCAMIT can pursue and that it ties in well with the taxonomic listing of invertebrate species that Dave Montagne is working on. For now the matter will be set aside while plans can be formulated on how to develop the collection. Provisional Voucher Sheets - Leslie Harris has made voucher sheets for several provisional species of polychaetes. She will be sending these out to several SCAMIT members for review. After acceptance of these provisional species, the voucher sheets will be published in the newsletter and specimens deposited in the SCAMIT collection although they will not have been part of the official exchange program. This option is available to any SCAMIT member who has run across undescribed species in their work. Christmas Party - This year SCAMIT plans to have a Christmas party with an extra special touch. The party will be held at the Cabrillo Marine Museum on Saturday, December 20, at 6:00 pm. The Cabrillo Marine Museum staff will join us with, hopefully, a visit from Santa Claus. Beverages and a baked ham will be provided as well as 42 versions of Rudolf the Red-Nosed Reindeer (compliments of Don Cadien's extensive Christmas record collection). Bring yourselves and children for a great time. To help with planning call Ann Martin at Hyperion Treatment Plant (213)322-3131x317 for RSVP. Another SCAMITeer - A recent population survey has confirmed again that fertility often leads to fecundity and an expression of biotic potential and evolutionay success. Announced by Karen and Dave Green, this latest report was "published" November 8 at 7:45 am and she is named Leigh Anna. Total mass equaled 2324 grams, length was 49.5 centimeters. Congratulations on this very latest SCAMITeer. TAXONOMIC NOTES From Dr. James T. Carlton, University of Oregon - Dr. John Chapman (Hatfield Marine Science Center, Newport, Oregon) and I (Jim Carlton) are working on the distribution of the Western Pacific palaemonid shrimp Palaemon macrodactylus along the Pacific coast of North America. Palaemon has been introduced by shipping (specifically we believe by seawater ballast) to a number of harobrs, bays, and estuaries from Oregon to southern California. The distri¬ bution of this species throughout southern California remains unclear, however. Our records to date are as follows: LOS ANGELES HARBOR (1962), MARINA DEL REY (about 1976-1977), - 2 - and HUNTINGTON HARBOR (about 1982?); the latter two records are those of Jack Word and Don Cadien, respectively. We would be very interested in examining any material of this species, or of Palaemon ritteri , that anyone may have or know of in the southern California-northern Baja area. Many thanks! [Dr. James T. Carlton, Oregon Institute of Marine Biology, University of Oregon, Charleston OR 97420, (503)888-5534]. Sexual Characteristics of Dogwhelk - A recent report of sexual characteristics in the gastropod Nucella lapillus (dogwhelk), depicts the superimposition of male characters upon female ] specimens. First reported in The Journal of Marine Biology * UK, this resulted form exposure to the leachate from anti¬ fouling boat paint that contains tributyltin (TBT) compounds. Concentrations as low as 0.05 pig/1 were seen to cause these morphological abnormalities. LIST OF SPECIMENS EXAMINED ON NOVEMBER 10, 1986 PL 73, HYP 68 Harmothoe " lunulata " (delle Chiaje, 1841) PL 74 Tenonia priops Barreca, 1984 LACO 78 Subadyte sp. A SCAMIT, 1986 Polychaete specimens from the last two meetings have required examination of type and other material by Leslie Harris before the voucher sheets can be compiled. These sheets hopefully will be ready for the December newsletter. - 3 - SCAMIT ORDER FORM T-SHIRTS COLOR 1st 2nd Choice Choice Mens Womens Childrens Blue ( ) ( ) Small Yellow ( ) ( ) Medium Tan ( ) ( ) Large X-Large XX-Large Price: $8.00 plus $.95 postage ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) -Not Available- ( ) -Not Available- SCAMIT MUGS One mug $ 6.00 ( ) Shipping $ 1.50 Set of 4 22.00 ( ) Shipping 2.00 Set of 6 33.00 ( ) Shipping 2.50 SCAMIT HATS $6.00 each, $.95 postage ( ) VIDEO TAPES These tapes of SCAMIT guest lecturers are available for viewing on VHS recorders. Price for renting is $10.00 with a $5.00 refund upon return of the tape. Tape 1 ( ) Dr. Andrew Lissner and Dr. Wilson Horn: Status of Benthic Archive Samples and Reexamination of Existing Data for California (May 14, 1983). Tape 2 ( ) Dr. Pat Hutchings: Systematics of Mediomastus . (January 14, 1985) Dr. Richard Bray: Consumer mediated Nutrient Transport into Rocky Subtidal Reefs. (February, 11, 1985) Tape 3 ( ) Dr. J.L. Barnard: Amphipod Workshop Morning Lecture (March 7, 1985). Also accompanied with transcribed notes from the discussions on March 6, 8 and 11, 1985). Tape 4 ( ) Dennis Lees: Hydroid assemblages of soft-bottomed habitats on the Hueneme Shelf, and factors influencing their distribution (April, 8, 1985). Tape 5 ( ) Dr. Burton Jones: Physical and Chemical Processes associated with the Los Angeles County Sanitation Districts Outfall. (November 18, 1985) TOTAL ENCLOSED: $_ Mail to: Ann Martin Biology Laboratory Hyperion Treatment Plant 12000 Vista del Mar D1 ava Dou r'a omQi jU* //trfo Southern California Association of Marine Invertebrate Taxonomists 3720 Stephen White Drive San Pedro, California 90731 December, 1986 Vol. 5, No. 9 NEXT MEETING: January 12, 1987 SPECIMEN EXCHANGE GROUP: Porifera TAXONOMIC TOPIC: Asellota Isopoda MINUTES FROM MEETING ON DECEMBER 8, 1986 Gretchen Lambert from Cal State University, Fullerton led us on a review of local ascidians. Her discussions provided both the beginner and advanced ascidian worker with a thorough overview of the major group's distinguishing characters. Unique to most of the groups SCAMIT examines, the diversity of the local ascidians is well represented by the existing literature. Please turn to the Helpful Hints section for a brief account of a few interesting Ascidiacea tidbits. New publication of interest - Identification Manual to the Mysidacea and Euphausiacea of the Northeast Pacific. R.D. Kathman, W.C. Austin, J.C. Saltman, J.D. Fulton. Canadian Special Publication "of fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 93. 1986. Publication Center. SSC, Ottawa, Canada, KlA OS9. $24.95 Canadian. ERRATUM Volume 5, No. 8. Specimen PL 74 Tenonia prios (Hartman, 1961) Helpful hints for ascidians - Dissection of compound ascidians (typical of aplousobranchia) will rarely yield a single, whole zooid, but rather several zooids need to be examined to produce a complete view of the taxonomic features. The order Phlebobranchia contains both solitary and compound animals that commonly have thin, transparent tunics. This region's fauna is frequently represented by members of the Agnesidae, Ascidiidae, and Cionidae. Corella (a Rhodosomatidae) FUNDS FOR THIS PUBLICATION PROVIDED IN PART BY CHEVRON U.S.A. INC., TEXACO INC., and ARCO FOUNDATION The SCAMIT newsletter is not deemed to be a valid publication for formal taxonomic purposes. Helpful hints for ascidians (continued) has spiral stigmata and may sometimes ressemble an Agnesia with its tunic removed* The order Stolidobranchia contains a solitary species with the general appearance of thick, leathery lumps. Dissection in this group must be carefully done to allow orientation to the left (ventral) and right (dorsal) side of each specimen- Orientation can be achieved by locating the languets which are always on the dorsal or excurrent side. The ventral side can be distinguished by locating the long ribbon shaped endostyle. LIST OF SPECIMENS EXAMINED ON DECEMBER 8, 1986 HYP 69 Aqnesia septentrionalis Huntsman, 1912 CSUF 1 Microcosmus exasperatus Heller, 1878 Agnesia septentrionalis Huntsman, 1912 Agnesiidae Vol. 5, No. 9 SCAMIT Code: Hyp 69A Date examined: Dec. 8, 1986 Voucher by: Gretchen Lambert Literature: Van Name, W.G. 1945. Diagnostic Characters: 1. Tunic colorless, covered totally or nearly so with sand grains. 2. Size small, usually no more than 12-15 mm. 3. Branchial tentacles simple (not branched), 30-50 in number. Fifteen or more longitudinal rows of stigmata, singly spiralled. 4. Gut, intestine and reproductive organs on left side of body. Intestine curves anteriorly and dorsally beyond the stomach, before extending anteriorly to atrial siphon. Remarks: This species can be distinguished from Corella willmeriana by the covering of sand grains, the small size, fewer branchial tentacles, and position of the gut and gonads. In Corella the alimentary and reproductive organs are located ventrally and on the right side of the body, and the intestine bends ventrally beyond the stomach before curving anteriorly to the atrial siphon. This species can be distinguished from Eugyra by the simple unbranched tentacles (Eugyra has only about 16 large branched tentacles two or three times compound), and by the stigmata (Eugyra has only 8 longitudinal rows, arranged in double spirals). Depth range: 27-80 m. Distribution: Bering Sea to Newport Harbor in southern California. Fig. 112. Agnesia septentrionalis Huntsman. Left side of body. A. Intes¬ tinal tract and gonad, X2.5. B. Left side of body removed from the test, x2. After Hitter. Van Name 1945, p. 201 Microcosmus exasperatus Heller, 1878 Pyuridae _Vol, 5, No. 9 SCAMIT Code: CSUF 1A Date examined: Dec. 8, 1986 Voucher by: Gretchen Lambert Literature: Kott, P. 1985. Van Name, W.G. 1945. Diagnostic Characters: 1. Tunic thick and tough, usually some shade of red, reddish purple, or pink externally and pearly grey internally. 2. Branchial sac with 8 or 9 branchial folds on each side of the body. Ninth fold might be rudimentary. Branchial siphon lined with tiny, fleshy, flattened spines bluntly pointed. At the base of the branchial siphon lining are 4 pockets which form a cuspid valve. Eight to ten branchial tentacles pinnately branched with secondary and sometimes tertiary branching. 3. One gonad on each side of the body, consisting of 3-4 segments on the left side and 4-5 on the right. Gonad on left side crosses the descending loop of the gut. 4. Dorsal tubercle C shaped with the horns inrolled and spiralled at least one turn. 5. Dorsal lamina a continuous membrane, not cleft into languets. Remarks: This species can be distinguished from common California Pyura species by a constellation of characters: the 8 branchial folds instead of 6, the spines lining the branchial siphon, the 4 pockets at the base of the branchial siphon, the gonad crossing the descending gut loop (it does not cross in Pyura ), the spiralling of the horns of the dorsal tubercle, and the absence of languets on the dorsal lamina. Depth range: intertidal to 42 m., perhaps deeper. This is the first record that I am aware of for southern California. It is a very sidespread warm water species, occurring from the Red Sea to Malaysia, Australia, and Hawaii, as well as Bermuda, the West Indies, Florida and Brazil. It does occur in some Australian temperate waters. We have collected it from San Diego, San Pedro, and Alamitos Harbors on floats since Feb. 1986. Distribution: Microcosmus exasperatus Heller, 1878 Pyuridae Vol. 5, No. 9 Branchial spines Tokioka 1967, p. 209 Kott 1985, p. 337 '2 Fig, 230. Microcosmus exasperatus Heller. Details: alimentary tract, tentacle, dorsal tubercle, liver, and minutespines (X2S0), from liningof the distal part of branchial siphon; also, left and right sides of body, somewhat enlarged. Van Name 1945, p. 347 ASCIDIAN TAXONOMIC BIBLIOGRAPHY Abbott, D.P. 1975. Phylum Chordata: Introduction and Urochordata, pp. 638-655, in: R.I. Smith and J.T. Carlton, eds., Light's Manual: Intertidal Invertebrates of the Central California Coast. Berkeley and Los Angeles: Univ. of Calif. 716 pp. Abbott, D.P., and J.V. Johnson 1972. The ascidians Styela barnharti , S. plicata , S. clava , S. montereyensis in Californian waters. Bull. South. Calif. Acad. Sci. 71:95-105. Abbott, D.P., and A.T. Newberry 1980. Urochordata: the tunicates. Pp. 177-226 and pis. 57-67 in: R.H. Morris, D.P. Abbott, and E.C. Haderlie, Intertidal Invertebrates of California. Stanford: Stanford Univ. Press. 690 pp. Berrill, N.J. 1950. The Tunicata, with an Account of the British species. London: Ray Society. 354 pp. Fay, R.C., and J.A. Vallee 1979. A survey of the littoral and sub¬ littoral ascidians of southern California including the Channel Islands. Bull. So. Calif. Acad. Sci. 78 (2):122—135. Huntsman, A.G. 1911. Ascidians from the coast of Canada. Trans. Canad. Inst. 9: 111-148. Huntsman, A.G. 1912. Holosomatous ascidians from the coast of western Canada. Contr. Canad. Biol. 1906-1910: 103-185, pis. 10-21. Kott, P. 1985. The Australian Ascidiacea. Part I, Phlebobranchia ' and Stolidobranchia. Mem. Queensland mus. 23:1-440. Lambert, C.C. 1974. Class Ascidiacea, in E.N. Kozloff, Keys to the Marine Invertebrates of Puget Sound, the San Juan Archipelago, and Adjacent regions. pp. 202-207. Seattle and London: Univ. of Wash, press. Lambert, G., C.C. Lambert and D.P. Abbott 1981. Corella species in the American Pacific Northwest: distinction of C. inflata Huntsman, 1912 from C. willmeriana Herdman, 1898 (Ascidiacea, Phlebobranchia). Canad. Jour. Morph. 59:1493-1504. Monniot, C., and F. Monniot 1972. Cle mondiale des genres d'ascidies. Key to ascidian genera of the world. (parallel text in French and English.) Arch. Zool. Exper. Gen. 113:311-367. Newberry, A.T. 1984. Dendroda ( Styelopsis ) abbotti, sp. nov. (Styelidae, Ascidiacea) from the Pacific coast of the United States, and its impact on some gonadal criteria of its genus and subgenus. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 43:239-248. Ritter, W.E. 1907. The ascidians collected by the United States Fisheries Bureau steamer Albatross on the coast of California during the summer of 1904. Univ. Calif. Publ. Zool. 4:1-52. Ritter, W.E., and R. A. Forsyth 1917- Ascidians of the littoral zone of southern California. Univ. Calif. Publ. Zool. 16:439-512. Tokioka, T. 1967. Pacific Tunicata of the United States National Museum. Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus. 251:1-247. Vallee, J.A. 1976. A preliminary artificial key to the southern California ascidians. Proc. Tax. Stand. Prog. SCCWRP. 4(4):5-10. Vallee, J.A. 1978. A guide to the preliminary artificial key to the southern California ascidians. Proc. Tax. Stand. Prog. SCCWRP. 6 (2):16-21. Van Name, W.G. 1945. The North and South American Ascidians. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 84:1-476, pis. 1-31. f*c- II - ?7 Southern California Association of Marine Invertebrate Taxonomists 3720 Stephen White Drive San Pedro, California 90731 January 1987 Vol. 5, No. 10 NEXT MEETING: February 9, 1987 SPECIMEN EXCHANGE GROUP: Tanaidacea, provisional species (This is a new concept for SCAMIT exchanges that is described in detail on the second page.) TAXONOMIC TOPIC: Discussion of agenda for 1987 Amphipod workshop MINUTES FROM MEETING ON JANUARY 12, 1987 Don Cadien (MBC Applied Environmental Sciences) led the discussion of this months taxonomic topic, the asellote isopods. Don reviewed the distribution and habitats of all the species that have been reported from California and provided a bibliography to the asellotes. A copy of Don's bibliography, as well as a taxonomic listing of the California asellota, is included in this newsletter. Call for Nominations ! Nominations for 1987-1988 SCAMIT officers will be heard at the March meeting. Nominations may also be made to the SCAMIT Secretary by mail. Your participation in these elections, as a nominee or voting member, is essential to the continued success of SCAMIT. Many Thanks are due the Cabrillo Marine Museum staff and SCAMIT volunteers who made the 1986 SCAMIT Christmas Party such a joyous occasion for all, including the "SCAMITeers" who accompanied their parents. This was the first time SCAMIT has held our Christmas fete at CMM, and we hope that we shall have the opportunity again next year. Again, thanks to all! FUNDS FOR THIS PUBLICATION PROVIDED IN PART BY CHEVRON U.S.A. INC., TEXACO INC., & ARCO FOUNDATION The SCAMIT newsletter is not deemed to be a valid publication for formal taxonomic purposes. The 1987 Taxonomic Standardization Program will concentrate on the standardization of provisional species. This is a departure from our past practice of dealing with provisionals only as they came up in the exchange. The fact that there are literally several hundred provisional names appearing in data sets from the region makes this latter approach inadequate to meet the pressing need to standardize and disseminate diagnoses of these species. Over the coming year we hope to make significant progress on this front. The monthly meetings dedicated to provisional species will be run as follows: Taxonomists interested in having their provisional species recognized by SCAMIT are to distribute material to participating members/agencies at the exchange meeting just as has been done in past meetings. If insufficient material is at hand for such an exchange, that material which is available should be prepared for presentation at the topic meeting. In either case, please inform the Vice-President, prior to the exchange, what material will be submitted. At the topic meeting the taxonomist submitting the material must have a justification for the erection of the provisional species. This is to consist of a written description of the species, emphasizing those characters distinguishing it from its congeners or closely related taxa. This description should be drafted in the SCAMIT voucher sheet format and include pertinent figures (having the information in this form at the meeting will greatly facilitate the production and distribution of final versions of the voucher sheet, the ultimate goal). At the meeting the material will be examined and discussed, and if considered to be valid according to SCAMIT's criteria for provisional designation, shall be adopted by SCAMIT. For those species that are adopted, the taxonomist submitting the material shall be responsible for submitting to the Vice-President a completed final version of the voucher sheet for inclusion in the newsletter. Reference specimens shall be deposited in the SCAMIT collection. The SCAMIT criteria for use and rules for erection of provisional designations are: Criterions for use: In cases where a specimen is known or suspected of being new to science, having not appeared in the refereed literature, it is to be given a provisional designation in order to distinguish it from other closely related taxa. Specimens that may be closely referred to published descriptions in the refereed literature do not justify provisional designations but should be given conditional designations (see SCAMIT recommendations on conditional designations. - 2 - Rule 1: The provisional designation is formed by the word "species" (or sp.) followed by a capital letter and is combined with the name of the lowest taxon in which the specimen can be placed with certainty. Ex 1: When the genus is know/ithe genus name is followed by the construct "sp. A,B,C.." (e.g. Campylaspis sp. B) Ex 2: When the generic status is uncertain, or when the specimen is suspected of representing a new genus as well as species, the family name is followed by the construct "sp. A,B,C,..." (e.g. Dorvilleidae sp. D) Ex 3: When the specimen cannot be placed with certainty in a family or higher taxon the lowest taxon certain is followed by the construct "sp. A,B,C,. . . " (e.g. Cephalaspidea sp. A) Rule 2: In forming provisional names using taxa above the generic level the full latinized name of the taxon is to be used (see Ex. 2 and 3 above) . Rule 3: Within a provisional name series the letters are to be assigned in alphabetical order. Rule 4: The removal of species from provisional status does not affect any remaining members of that provisional name series. Rule 5: The erection of a provisional species is to be supported by a diagnois or description as well as appropriate figures. Rule 6: One or more reference specimens of a provisional species is to be deposited in the SCAMIT collection. Rule 7: All previous designations of provisional taxa subsequently recognized and named by SCAMIT will be considered as if junior synonyms. Proposed 1987-1988 Agenda - SCAMIT Taxonomic Standardization Program ; Feb exchange / March topic March exchange / April topic April exchange / May topic May exchange / June topic June exchange / July topic July exchange / Aug topic Tanaidacea, prov. spp. Gammaridean Amphipoda, prov. spp. Cumacea, Campylaspis - prov. spp. Polychaeta, prov. spp.* Porifera, regular meeting Cumacea, prov. spp. - 3 - August exchange / Sept topic Sept exchange / October topic October exchange / Nov topic November exchange / Dec topic December exchange / Jan topic January exchange / Feb topic Gammaridean Amphipoda, prov. spp. Polychaeta, prov. spp.* Gastropoda, prov. spp. Polychaeta, prov. spp.* Cumacea, prov. spp. Polychaeta, prov. spp.* * Polychaete topics will be narrowed to ordinal or family levels at a future date. Position Open - MBC Applied Environmental Sciences is seeking an invertebrate taxonomist with experience in polychaete taxonomy to fill a full-time position (40 hours/week). The position may entail other duties in addition to sample analysis. Versatility is desirable. Interested parties should contact Don Cadien or Mike Mancuso at: MBC Applied Environmental Sciences 947 Newhall Street Costa Mesa, CA 92627 (714) 646-1601 Jim Roney (Hyperion Treatment Plant, 12000 Vista del Mar, Playa del Rey, CA 90293) is interested in examining examples of Ampelisca unsocalae and A. careyi from areas outside Santa Monica Bay. Jim will return the material after examination. LIST OF SPECIMENS EXAMINED ON JANUARY 12, 1987 HYP 70 Munnoqonium tillerae (Menzies & Barnard 1959) HYP 71 Ilyarachna acarina Menzies & Barnard 1959 MBC 59 Prochelator sp. A of SCAMIT 1987 - 4 - Ilyarachna acarina (Menzies & Barnard 1959) Ilyarachnidae Vol. 5 No. 10 SCAMIT Code: HYP 71 Date Examined: January 12, 1987 Voucher by: Don Cadien SYNONYMY: Has not appeared under any other name LITERATURE: Menzies & Barnard 1959; Thistle 1980; Hessler & Thistle 1975. DIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERISTICS: 1. Acute spines along anterior dorsal edges of pereonites and on dorsal surface of cephalon. 2. Basal articles (1-3) of antenna 1 spinose. 3. Copulatory organ of male short and thick. 4. Telson triangular (i.e. tapering, with straight lateral margins). 5. Anterior margin straight, with no defined rostrum or sinus for antennal insertion. RELATED SPECIES AND CHARACTER DIFRERENCES 1. Can be distinguished from I. profunda Schultz 1966 by presence of spines (characters 1&2) and shape of male copulatory organ - short in acarina, long and recurved in profunda (character 3). The copulatory organ (or appendix masculina) is located medially on the inner branch of the second pleopod. No other species in the genus have been reported from California waters. 2. Ilyarachnids can be separated from the similar and closely related Eurycopidae (3 genera and 5 species in California - 2 spp undescribed) with the last two characters above. Local species of Eurycope have rostra; either broadly rounded ( E. califoriensis ) or bibbed (E. sp. A). Both local species of Munnopsurus have no defined rostrum, but have deep sinuses in the anterior margin of the cephalon for insertion of the first antennae. None of the eurycopids have the straight sided triangular telson of the ilyarachnids Ilyarachna acarina (Menzies & Barnard 1959) Vol. 5 No. 10 Thistle (1980) indicated both I. acarina and I. profunda remain within the genus concept as revised by Hessler & Thistle (1975) . DEPTH RANGE: 80-200 m. DISTRIBUTION: Pt. Conception - Coronado Submarine Canyon, A. Ilyarachna acarina (dorsal view from Menzies & Barnard 1959) B. Ilyarachna profunda (dorsal view from Schultz 1966) C. Eurycope californiensis (dorsal view from Schultz 1966) Prochelator sp. A of SCAMIT Desmosomatidae Vol. 5 No. 10 SCAMIT Code: MBC 59 Date Examined: January 12, 1987 Voucher by: Don Cadien SYNONYMY: Desmosoma sp. A of MBC Prochelator sp. A of MBC LITERATURE; Hessler 1970 DIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERISTICS: 1. First pereiopod larger than other legs, carpochelate, with large blade-like spine extending anteriorly ■ (at a slight angle from the appendage axis) off the antero-vertral edge of the carpus of 1st leg. Dactylus forms the "moveaeable finger” of this psendochela. 2. Two accessory spines present on ventral margin of carpus, the second bifid. 3. Peraeonal coxae without produced acute points at anterior corners. 4. Lateral margins of pereonite 1 slightly bilobed. 5. Antennal bases shallowly inserted (£30%) into cephalor. RELATED SPECIES AND CHARACTER DIFFERENCES: 1. Can be distinguished from the only described member of the family reported from California Momedossa symmetrica (Schultz 1966) by character 5. Momedossa (formerly Desmosoma ) symmetrica has the antennal bases inserted more than 75% of the cephalon length vs. £ 30% for Prochelator sp. A. The two are in different subfamilies. In the Desmosomatinae (to which Momedossa belongs) pereiopod 1 is not enlarged relative to the remaining legs. In the Eugerdellatinae (including Prochelator ) pereiopod 1 is enlarged and carpochelate. Although no other species are yet recorded from California Hessler (1970) reports undescribed species of Balbidocolon , Whoia , Eugerda , Mirabilicoxa , Eugerdella , Prochelator sp. A of SCAMIT Vol. 5 No. 10 Torwolia and Chelator from collections made on the Cascadia Abyssal Plain by A.G. Carey of Oregon State. Prochelator sp. A can be distinguished from all of the above by one or more of characters 1-3. Characteristic 1 separates Balbicolon, Whoia, Eugerda, and Mirabilicoxa (all in the Desmosomatinae), while character 2 separates Torwollia, Eugerdella, and Chelator from Prochelator. Prochelator was also reported from off Oregon, but whether this was the present species is not known. Note: This is a small species which is only occasionally retained on a 10mm screen. DEPTH RANGE: 133m - 308m. DISTRIBUTION: Off Pt. Estero south to Coronado Submarine Canyon. Prochelator sp. A of SCAMIT Vol. 5 No. 10 A. Dorsal and B Right lateral habitus of Prochelator lateralis (generotype) C. Dorsal view of Momedossa symmetrica (Schultz 1966) D Pereiopod 1 of same E. Pereiopod 1 of generalized Prochelator (A, B and E from Hessler 1970; C and D from Schultz 1966) Munnogonium tillerae (Menzies & Barnard 1959) Paramunnidae Vol. 5 No. 10 SCAMIT Code: HYP 70 SYNONYMY: Austrosignum tillerae Menzies & Barnard 1959 Munnogonium waldronense George & Stromberg 1968 LITERATURE: Menzies & Barnard 1959, George & Stromberg 1968, Bowman & Schultz 1974, Hooker 1985. DIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERISTICS: 1. Eyed, with eyes borne or peduncles and visible dorsally. 2. Pleotelson with unserrated lateral margins 3. Body rounded dorsally (as opposed to flat dorsally) 4. Mandible lacking palp 5. Antenna 1 and 2 subequal in length, antenna 1 with 4-5 flagellar articles. RELATED SPECIES AND CHARACTER DIFFERENCES: 1. Can be distinguished from M. erratum Schultz 1974 (with difficulty) by degree of separation of the lateral extensions of the pereonites (more separated in erratum) and the position of the eyes (directed ventrally and not visible dorsally in erratum ). 2. Distinguished from similar appearing Munna spp. by characters 4 and 5. Munna possess a mandibular palp and have antennae very unequal in length, with Anntenna 1 less than or equal to the length of the Anntenna 2 peduncle. 3. Distinguished from species of Pleurogonium in having eyes (character 1), and in having the body arched dorsally rather than flattened (character 3) . Comment : Distributed specimens matched the description of M. waldronense . In the original description of A. tillerae antenna 1 was described as having a tri- articulate flagellum. This is assumed to be an error. Munnogonium tillerae (Menzies & Barnard 1959) Vol. 5 No. 10 The external features which separate M. tillerae and M. erratum are of dubious value. The type of M. tillerae needs to be reexamined to fill in qaps in the original description and clarify the reported differences in mouth parts between the two species. Note - in Hookers 1985 Key to the species of Munnoqonium M. tillerae is keyed as having a serrate pleotelson: a characteristic specifically contradicted in the oriqinal descriptions of both M. tillerae and M. waldronense. DEPTH RANGE: 20m - 200m (intertidal in the northern portion of the range). DISTRIBUTION: British Columbia to the Coronado Submarine Canyon. Munnogonium tillerae (Menzies & Barnard 1959) Vol. 5 No. 10 A> M. tillerae (from Menzies & Barnard 1959) M. waldronense (from George & Stromberg 1968) r M. erratum (from Schultz 1964) THE A5ELL0TA OF CALIFORNIA Donald 5. Cadien MBC, Applied Environmental Sciences 947 Newhall St.. Costa Mesa CA, Asellote isopods form one of nine suborders of the peracarid order Isopoda. There are somewhere over 800 described species in the suborder, of which 39 reportedly occur in California waters. The suborder is characterized by ^bilateral symmetry (unlike most epicarids) »well developed antennae (unlike remaining epicarids) > 1 pair of maxillipeds (unlike Gnathiidae which have 2) »terminal uropods (unlike Flabellifera, Anthuridea and Valvifera) Those of you who counted will notice that the four characters listed exclude only 5 of the 8 other suborders. Of the three remaining the Oniscoidea are terrestrial, the Phreatoicidea are freshwater, and the Microcerberidea are interstitial. Only the microcerberids could be confused with the asellotes. They are, however, all very long and thin (7x body width or more) and very small (max at 1.4mm total length). These characters do not occur together in the asellotes. The suborder has representatives world-wide in depths from the intertidal to the abyss. Figure 1 gives you an idea of what percentage of the total isopod fauna the asellotes represent in four different areas of the globe. Although the shallow water percentages vary widely from place to place, in deep water the asellotes are clear dominants world-wide. Menzies (1962) attributes this largely to their deposit feeding habits. There has been little agreement on the taxonomy at and above the family level within this group. The scheme presented here is that of Wolff (1962) with some small changes to accomodate more recent discoveries. Other useful discussions can be found in Menzies (1962), McLaughlin (1980), Menzies, George & Rowe (1973), Schultz (1969), and Hessler (1969). Antarctic Arctic OffN.Carollna (NW Atlantic) Figure 1 Distribution of isopod groups by bathymetric zone ( all from Menzles, George, & Rowe 1973) Tfmonomic Listing of the Rselloto of Californio 1 Suborder Rselloto Superfamily Stenetroidea Family Stenetriidae Stenetrium s p. R of MBC Superfamily Joniroidea (Paraselloidea of Ulolff 1962) Family Rntiasidae Rntias hirsutus Menzies 1951 Family Dendrotionidae Rcanthomunna tannerensis Schultz 1966 Family Desmosomatidae Momedossa symmetrica (Schultz 1966) Desmosoma symmetrica Schultz 1966 Prochelator sp. R of MBC Desmosoma sp. fl of MBC Family Eurycopidae Eurycope californiensis Schultz 1966 Eurycope sp. R of MBC Munneurycooe sp. Munnoosurus yi qanteus ochotensis Gurjanoua 1933 Munnopsurus so. R of MBC Family llyarachnidae ll yarachna acarina Menzies & Barnard 1959 ll yarachna profunda Schultz 1966 Family Jaeropsidae Jaeroosis concaua Schultz 1966 Jaeroosis dubia dubia Menzies 1951 Jaeroosis dubia paucispina Menzies 1951 Jaeroosis cf. lata Kussakin 1961 Jaeroosis lobata Richardson 1899 Jaeroosis setosa George & Stromberg 1968 Jaeroosis so. B of MBC Family Janiridae Caecianiroosis psammophila Menzies O’ Pettit 1956 lais califomica (Richardson 1904) Janiroosis analoq a Menzies 1952 Janiroosis eoilittoralis Menzies 1952 Janiroosis kincaidi kincaidi Richardson 1904 Janiroosis kincaidi derjuqini Gurjanoua 1933 Janiroosis magnocula Menzies 1952 Taxonomic Listing of the Rselloto of California 2 Family Janiridae (cont.) Janiropsis minuta Menzies 1952 Janiropsis montereqensis Menzies 1952 Janiropsis tridens Menzies 1952 Janiralata dauisi Menzies 1951 Janiralata erostrata Richardson 1899 Janiralata occidentalis (Walker 1898) Janiralata ra jata Menzies 1951 Janiralata solasteri (Hatch 1947) Janiralata triangulate (Richardson 1899) Family Munnidae Munna chromatocephala Menzies 1952 Munna halei Menzies 1952 Munna maqnifica Schultz 1964 Munna soinifrons Menzies 8" Barnard 1959 Munna steohenseni Gurjanoua 1933 Munna ubiuuita Menzies 1952 Munna sp. R ofMBC Family Nannoniscidae Nannonisconus latipleonus Schultz 1966 Family Parasellidae Caecijaera horuathi Menzies 1951 Family Pleurocopidae Pleurocooe so. R of MBC Family Paramunnidae Munnoqonium erratum Schultz 1961 Munnoqonium tillerae (Menzies & Barnard 1959) M. uialdronensis George & Stromberg 1968 Paramunna ouadratifrons luerson & Wilson 1981 Pleuroqonium califomiense Menzies 1951 Pleuroqonium rubicundum (G.O. Sars 1864) Asellote Bibliography George, Robert Y. & Jarl-Ovo Stromberg. 1968. Some new species and new records of marine isopods from San Jan Archipelago, Washington, U.S.A. Crustaceana; 14, pp. 225-254. Gurjanova, Eupraxia. 1933. Contributions to the isopod fauna of the Pacific Ocean, no. 2; new species of Gnathiidae and Asellota. Explorations des Hers U.S.S.R. Leningrad; 19, pp. 78-97, Hatch, M. H. 1947. The Chelifera and Isopoda of Washington and adjacent regions. University of Washington Publications in Biology; 10, pp. 155-274. Hessler. Robert R. 1969. Peracarida. pp. R360-R393 in Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology; (R) Arthropoda 4( 1). Hessler, Robert R. 1970, The Desmosomatidae (Isopoda, Asellota) of the Gay Head-Bermuda transect. Bulletin of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography; 15, 185pp. Hessler, Robert R. it David Thistle. 1975. On the place of origin of the deep-sea isopods. Marine Biology; 32, pp. 155-165. Iverson, Ernest W. & George D. Wilson. 1981. Paramunna auadratifrons. new species, the first record of the genus in the North Pacific Ocean (Crustacea; Isopoda; Pleurogoniidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington; 93(4), pp. 982-988. Kussakln, 0. 6. 1961. Representatives of the family Jaeropsidae (Crustacea, Isopoda. Asellota), new for the USSR fauna in the Eastern seas, Zool. Zhurnai; 40(5), pp 666-675. Kussakin, 0. 6. 1973. Peculiarities of the geographical and vertical distribution of marine isopods and the problem of deep-sea fauna origin. Marine Biology; 23, pp. 19-34. McLaughlin, Patsy A. 1980. Comparative Morphology of Recent Crustacea. W. H. Freeman Co., New York. -*#xpp. Menzies, Robert J. 1951a. New marine isopods, chiefly from northern California, with notes on related forms. Proceedings of the United States National Museum; 101(3273), pp.105-156. Menzies, Robert J. 1951b. A new genus and new species of asellote isopod, Caeciiaera horvathi , from Los Angeles-Long Beach Harbor. American Museum Novitates *1542, 7pp. Menzies, Robert J. 1952. Some marine asellote isopods from northern California, with descriptions of nine new species. Proceedings of the United States National Museum; 102(3293), pp. 117-159. Menzies, Robert J. 1962. The isopods of abyssal depths in the Atlantic Ocean. Abyssal Crustacea - Verna Research Series *1. pp. 79-206. Menzies, Robert J. & J. L. Bernard. 1959. Marine Isopoda on coastal shelf bottoms of southern California; systematics and ecology. Pacific Naturalist; 1(11), 35pp. Menzies, Robert J., Robert Y. George, & Gilbert T. Rowe. 1973. Abyssal Environment and Ecology of the World Oceans. John Wiley & Sons, New York, 488pp. Menzies, Robert J. & Jean Pettit. 1956. A new genus and species of marine asellote isopod, Caecianiroosis psammoohila. from California. Proceedings of the United States National Museum; 106(3376), pp. 441-446. Richardson. Harriet. 1899. Key to the isopods of the Pacific coast of North America, with descriptions of twenty-two new species. Proceedings of the United States National Museum; 21. pp. 815-869. Richardson. Harriot. 1904. Isopod crustaceans of the northwest coast of North America. Harriman Alaska Expedition, Crustacea; 10, pp. 213-230. Richardson, Harriot. 1905. A monograph on the isopods of North America. Bulletin of the United States National Museum; '54. 727pp. Sars, Goorg Ossian. 1864. On en anomal Gruppe af Isopoder. Forhandliger i Videnskapsselskapeti Kristiania.Aar 1863, pp. 205-221. Schultz, Goorgo A. 1964. Some marine isopod crustaceans from off the southern California coast. Pacific Science; 18. pp. 307-314. Schultz, Goorgo A. 1966. Submarine Canyons of southern California. Part IV - Systematics: Isopoda. Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions; 27(4), 56pp. Schultz. Goorgo A. 1969. How to know the marine isopod crustaceans. The pictured-key nature series, 356pp. William C. Brown Co., Dubuque. Walker, A. 0. 1898. Crustacea collected by W. A. Herdman in Puget Sound, Pacific Coast of North America. Transactions of the Liverpool Biological Society; 12. pp. 280-281. Wolff, Torben. 1962. The systematics and biology of bathyal and abyssal Isopoda (Asellota). Galathea Report; 6, 320pp, Crisia occidentalis (Trask 1857) Crisiidae Vol. 5 No. 10 SCAM IT Code; SCCWRP 72 Date Examined: 8 September 1986 Voucher by: Carol Paquette SYNONYMY: Crisia eburnea Robertson 1903 LITERATURE: Robertson 1910 Osburn 1953 DIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERS: 1. Erect and jointed, with two alternating series of zooecia, usually 5 or more in each internode. 2. Joints white to yellow. 3. Zooecia are connate for their entire length, with the tips directed forward, usually with a blunt point on the dorsal lip of the tube, giving the edges of the branches a serrated appearance. 4. Ovicell elongate and gradually expanding; ooeciostome straight, without a flap over the aperture. (This character is usually not useful, as most specimens do not contain ovicells.) RELATED SPECIES AND CHARACTER DIFFERENCES: 1. Filicrisia spp. have fewer zooecia per internode (1 to 5 vs. 5 or more) and black joints in older specimens. 2. Crisidia sp. and Bicrisia sp. have elongate filiform spines. 3. Crisia operculata and C. maxima do not have a keel on the frontal surface of the internode. 4. The distance between zooecial apertures is about equal to the width of the branch in C. occidentolis compared with greater than the width in C. operculata and less than the width in C. serrulata, (There are also differences in the ovicells.) DEPTH RANGE: Low water to 30 fm. DISTRIBUTION: British Columbia to Galapagos Islands. Crisia occidentalis (Trask 1857) Crisiidae Vol. 5 No. 10 « from Robertson 1910 Fig. 1], Crisia occidentalis Trask, Habit sketch. X 1. Fig. 12. C. occidcutatis. A portion of a Colony showing branching, -|H'ciulIy of the oa*cial internode. In this, the otreium (oe.) is the fifth ember of the iuternode; the first branch (hr. /) arising in a basis mini ‘at. r.), not wedged in, but attached to the side of the third zottcium; the eond brunch (l»r. 2) arising on the side of the sixth zocccitun, the Hiwiiim which pairs with the ou.'ciuni; the third branch (hr. J) arisiug i the ninth zoireiuni just above the summit of the oviceil. The distal irtion of the otreial internode carrying the zoarial growth upward. X 36. Fig. 4. The same, distorted oviceil due to curved iuternode. Fig. 5. The same, pointed tip of terminal internode, often present. Membranipora membranacea (Linnaeus 1767) Membraniporidae Vol. 5 No. 10 SCAMIT CODE: MBC54 Date Examined: 8 September 1986 Voucher by: Carol Paquette SYNONYMY: Flustra membranacea Linnaeus 1767 LITERATURE: Robertson 1908 Osburn 1950 Pinter 1969 DIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERS: 1. Encrusting, usually on algae ( Macrocystis pyrifera and Egregia laevigata ). 2. Zooecia simple, with thin walls. 3. The front is membranous, without spinules or cryptocyst. 4. There is a knob or process (sometimes produced into hollow tubes or short pointed spines) at each corner. 5. There are no ovicells or avicularia. RELATED SPECIES AND CHARACTER DIFFERENCES: 1. M. tuberculata and M . serrilamella have some development of the cryptocyst (extended side wall). 2. M. villosa has frontal spinules and chitinous spines at the corners. 3. M. perfragilis rises into convoluted or filled masses. DEPTH RANGE: Intertidal to 20m DISTRIBUTION: Europe, Atlantic Coast of North America, Caribbean, Alaska to Baja California, Mexico Fig. 8. Membranipora mebranacea (Linnaeus). Fig. 9. The same, showing a “tower cell.” Membranipora membranacea (Linnaeus 1767) Mcmbraniporidae Vol. 5 No. 10 itf. UK — Mi HtbfttHijHtrti me m brandt-ttt Linmrua. A few zoicviu allowing lira noun a|H>rtnn- h ml distal spines. X 30. ig. 19a.— .1/. membraHuccn. Outline of the ojterriihmi. X TO. ijj. «CK—.1/. in r mb run area. Portion of it xouriiiiu. Membranipora perfragilis (MacGillivray 1881) Membraniporidae Vol. 5 No. 10 SCAMIT CODE: MBC55 Date Examined: 8 September 1986 Voucher by: Carol Paquette SYNONYMY: Biflustra fragilis MacGillivray 1869 Biflustra perfragilis MacGillivray 1881 Membranipora crassimarginata var. erecta Busk 1884 Amphiblestrum per fragile Ortmann 1890 Acanthodesia perfragilis Hastings 1945 LITERATURE: Osburn 1950 DIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERS: 1. Encrusting, then rising into bilaminar convoluted or frilled masses. 2. There is a distinct cryptocyst, sometimes limited to the proximal corners. 3. There are no corner tubercles or spines. RELATED SPECIES AND CHARACTER DIFFERENCES: 1. M . tuberculata , M. serrilamella , M. membranacea, and M. villosa are encrusting only, and have corner tubercles or spines. 2. M . savarti forms narrow ligulate or bifurcate bilaminate fronds. DEPTH RANGE: ? DISTRIBUTION: Japan, Australia, Monterey to San Diego? from Osburn 1950 8 Fig. 8. Membranipora perfragilis (MacGillivray). Membranipora tuberculata (Bose 1802) Membraniporidae Vol. 5 No. 10 SCAMIT CODE: MBC56 SCCWRP 70 Date Examined: 8 September 1986 Voucher by: Carol Paquette SYNONYMY: Flustra tuberculata Bose 1802 Flustra tehuelcha d’Orbigny 1839-46 Membranipora tehuelcha Robertson 1908 Nichtina tuberculata Harmer 1926 LITERATURE: Robertson 1908 Osburn 1950 Soule 1959 Pinter 1969 DIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERS: 1. Encrusting on algae ( Gelidium spp. and Cystoseira osmundacea most common). 2. Walls heavily calcified; the cryptocyst is usually well developed at the proximal end. 3. There are tubercles at the corners, which may curve toward each other; sometimes a third tubercle occurs between them on the end wall. RELATED SPECIES AND CHARACTER DIFFERENCES: 1. M. serrilamella has cryptocyst little developed; M. membranacea has no cryptocyst. 2. M . villosa has chitinous spinules and corner spines. DEPTH RANGE: Shallow water. DISTRIBUTION: North Carolina to Brazil, California to Peru, Galpagos Islands, Southern Japan, Indian Ocean, East Indies from Osburn 1950 Fig. 4. Membranipora tuberculata (Bose), with tubercles, cryptocyst and internal spinules. Fig. 5. The same, young with partially developed tubercles. Fig. 6. The same, with three elongate tubercles. Membranipora tuberculata (Bose 1802) Membraniporidae Vol. 5 No. 10 Fig. 1 <5. —Metitbraui porn tehueieha d'Orbigny. A few immature zoux-in nl a portion of the growing rim (gr. r.), X 30, Fig. 17.—.V. tehuelvha. An immature zrxrvinm showing the beginning of ■e calcified spines at the distal angles ( ang.). X 30. ig. 1M.— XI, t eh Heir ha. A few zimvia showing the adult eondition with ■ed ajiertxire (ftp.), eah-ified margins, and calcareous tultcndes or spines . X 30. Membranipora villosa Hincks 1880 Membraniporidae Vol. 5 No. 1 0 SCAMIT CODE: MBC52 Date Examined: 8 September 1986 Voucher by: Carol Paquette SYNONYMY: LITERATURE: Robertson 1908 Osburn 1950 Pinter 1969 DIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERS: 1. Encrusting on algae (Macrocystis pyrifera and Egregia laevigata ). 2. Zooecia walls are thin and parallel. 3. The front is a membrane with minute spinules; larger spinules occur near the margins. 4. Elongate - acuminate, chitinous spines occur at the proximal corners, and frequently there is a still larger median one. 5. There are no ovicells or avicularia. RELATED SPECIES AND CHARACTER DIFFERENCES: 1. M. tuberculata and M, perfragilis have some development of the cryptocyst (extended side wall). 2. M. tuberculata , M. membranacea , and M . serrilamella have calcareous proximal spines or tubercles. DEPTH RANGE: Intertidal to 20 m. DISTRIBUTION: British Columbia to San Diego Fig. 10. Membranipora villosa (Hincks), normal zooccium above with chitinous frontal spinules, below the twinned ancestrula with bases of five buds. Fig. 11. The same, showing chitinous corner spines and a larger one at the division of a series of zooecia. Membranipora villosa Hi neks 1880 Membraniporidae Vol. 5 No. 10 "iff* ---— Mctitbtan*{mat villtmi Hin«-kM. A few zuuvia showing n.). X 50. Fig. 42.— H. ilicyenaia. DorHal view of a few zoiecia to show vibracular chamber (v. ch.) sustaining the long vibractilum (v.) at its summit, and showing the groove (dy parts (the polypidc) stalked, unenclosed; anal opening within tentacle ring; tentacles rolling inward, non-retraetile.. ...Phylum F.ntoprocia b. Soli body parts (the |x>lypide) enclosed in calcareous or ehitinous case (/.ooctium); anal opening outside tentacle ring; tentacles retractile .Phylum Ecloprocta - '2. a. Horseshoe-shaped tentacle ring (lophophore); fresh water only... I. .Class Phylactolacinata h. Circular tentacle ring (lophophore); marine.... Class Cymnolarmata 3 3. a. Zooeeium ehitinous; apcTture closed by puckering membrane; no ovicells or avicularia.Order Ctcnostomata (4) b. Zooecium calcareous; tubular aperture terminal, circular; not closed by operculum.Order Cyclostomata (5) c. Zooccia of most species calcareous; aperture closed by movable oper¬ culum.Order Chcilostomata (8) 4. Ctcnostomata a. Zooids (individuals) separate, budded from creeping or erect stolons .Suborder Stolonifera b, Zooids separate or contiguous, budded direct from adjacent zooids .Suborder Carnosa 5. Cyclostomata a. Colony with joints, branching.Suborder Articulata Colony without joints.6 Colony discoid.Suborder Rcctangulata Colony erect or adnate.7 Ovicell an inflated zooid.Suborder Tubuliporina Oviccll a rounded expansion on dorsal side of colony.. .Suborder Cancellata Ovicell a compound chamber through which peristomes protrude. ...Suborder Ceriporina 6 . 7. b. a. b. a. b. 8. Chcilostomata a. Flexible membranous frontal which performs hydrostatic function. .*.Suborder Anasca (9) b. Solidly bridged frontal with compensation sac (asc) beneath; sac fills through ascophore which lies within peristome or proximal to it; the most advanced bryozoans....Suborder Aseophora 9. Anasca a. Zooids separate; uncalcifled...10 b. Zooids contiguous; calcified .II 10. a. Zooids tubular; bases adherent simulating stolons... .. Superfamily Inovicellata b. Zoarium (colony) plantlike, with uniscrial or biscrial branches. .Superfamily Scrupariina 11. a. I-argc, primitive frontal membrane uncalcifled; operculum incompletely differentiated; cryptocysl vestigial.13 b. Cryptocyst (calcified shelf beneath frontal membrane) well developed.. 12 12. a. Cryptocyst usually extending to aperture, with notches or holes (opesiulcs) for muscles to frontal from dorsal wall.Superfamily Coilostcga b. Cryptocyst complete, no holes; oviccll separated, pore distal to aperture .Superfamily Pseudostega 13. a. Zoarium incoming.. .Superfamily Malacostcga b. Zoarium erect or reticulate, branching. ... 14 14. a. Membranous frontal unprotected, or with spines or scutes above frontal .Superfamily Cellularina b. Spines united above frontal membrane to form costa or frontal shield (perieyst).Superfamily Cribrimorpha* 1 The superfamily Cribrimorpha represents a transitional group between the Anasca and Aseophora, according to Manner (1926). Silen {I*>4121 concluded that the ax ophotan com¬ pensation sac was formed from the primitive uucak iiicd Irontal membrane and the |>ericyM, which formed above it, by the fusion of spines. This group has l»een assigned l»\ some authors to the Aseophora as its most primitive representative. GLOSSARY Carol Paquette Marine Biological Consultants Costa Mesa, CA 92626 ALVEOLI - pores of various sizes distributed between the zooids in Cyclostomata (Figure 13). ANTER - portion of the primary aperature distal to the cardelles. AREOLAR PORES - one or more rows of pores around the margin of the zooecial front (Figure 33). ASCOPORE - a special median frontal pore opening into the compensation sac proximal to the aperature (Figure 32). AVICULARIUM - a modified zooid bearing a mandible (Figures 21, 23, 24, 25, 26, 28, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39). AVICULARIUM CHAMBER - a raised mound proximal to the aperature, with an avicularium at its apex (Figures 33 and 37a). BASIS RAMI - a small wedge-shaped base of a branch (Figure 12). CARDELLES - lateral denticles in the aperature for the attachment of the operculum (Figure 30). CRYPTOCYST - a calcified inward extension from the mural rim, often vestigial (Figure 19). DEPENDENT AVICULARIUM - an avicularium borne on part of another zooecium (compare with VICARIOUS AVICULARIUM) (Figures 21, 26, 28, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39). DISTAL - toward the oral end of the zooecium (Figures 2 and 3). DORSAL - the side of the zooecium opposite that on which the aperature is located (Figure 26c). ECTOCYST - the chitinous membrane which covers the zooecium (Figure 17a). ENDOCYST - the thin membrane lining the zooecium and enclosing the body organs. ENDOZOOECIAL - a type of ovicell formed by the forward extension of the distal zooecial wall (compare with HYPERSTOMIAL) (Figure 18). FASCICLE - a series or bundle of connate tubules or peristomes (Figures 11 and 13). FENESTRAE - holes between individual zooecia, sometimes large so that zooecia may be connected by tubes (Figure 20). FRONT - the side of the zooecium on which the aperature is located (Figures 2 and 3). FRONTAL - the entire ventral area surrounding the aperature, but more frequently applied to that part of it proximal to the apcrature (Figures 2 and 3) GYMNOCYST - the calcified area of the covering membrane in Anasca, usually limited to the proximal end, and often vestigial or wanting. HYPERSTOMIAL - a type of external ovicell, which is embedded in the gymnocyst of the succeeding zooecium, but arises above the distal wall of the zooecium to which it belongs (Figures 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 39). K.ENOZOOECIUM - a member of the colony in which there is no polypide and usually no aperature (Figures 8, 9, 27, 47). LYRULA - a median denticle or shelf on the proximal border of the primary aperature (Figures 33 and 35). MANDIBLE - the chitinous movable part of an avicularium (Figures 26b, 28, 32a, 36, 37a and b). MURAL RIM - the frontal edge of the side walls, often bearing spines (Figures 16, 20 and 21). OLOCYST - the primary calcified covering layer, usually thin but sometimes heavily calcified (Figures 3 and 37a). OOECIOPORE - the aperature of an ovicell (Figures 10a, 11, 12). OOECIOSTOME - the tube surrounding an ooeciopore (Figures 10a and 12). OOECIUM - same as OVICELL. OPERCULUM - a chitinous membrane which closes the aperature like a trap door (Figures 30 b a,r\