«g» .» » i» ■& '8 '» * Please handle this volume with care. The University of Connecticut Libraries, Storrs 153 Dim373D D GAYLORD RG Seed Germination and Purity Analysis 1989 BY SHARON M. DOUGLAS During 1989, official samples of 362 vegetable and 17 lawn grass seed were collected by inspectors from the Marketing Division of the Connecticut Department of Agriculture for testing. As the official state seed-testing laboratory, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station performed germination and purity analyses for compliance with the Connecticut Seed Law Regulations and the Federal Seed Act. Table 1 shows the results of germination tests for individual vegetable seed samples from 14 companies. Results are presented by plant type, variety, germination claim, germination found, and compliance with the standards of germination for Connecticut. These standards are set by the Federal Seed Act. The categories for label compliance are: 1) seeds meet label claims for germination within allowable tolerances and 2) seeds do not meet label claims for germination. All tests were replicated twice. If a seed lot failed label claims it was retested. In addition to germination percentages, seedlings from these seeds must also appear "normal", i.e., they have to be free from decay, have well-developed primary root systems, have well-developed and intact hypocotyls and/or epicotyls, and have healthy cotyledons. Of the 362 vegetable seeds that were tested, five did not meet their claims for germination. In addition to germination testing, seeds were examined for prohibited noxious weed seeds. No vegetable samples contained weed contaminants. The total number of germination claims and the percentage of claims in each category for compliance are summarized for each vegetable seed company in Table 2. Table 3 summarizes the average percent germination claim, found, and the standard set by the Federal Seed Act for each type of vegetable. Table 4 shows the results of purity and germination tests for individual lawn grass seed samples from six companies. These are presented by company, brand name and/or seed type or variety mixture. The categories for both purity and germination are as previously described for the vegetable seeds. Lawn seed samples that were labelled with several varieties within a species or with several species within a genus were separated by genus. Purity results are therefore reported as the sum for that genus. For example, Hart's seed mixture "Evergreen Lawn Seed" has a label claim of 29.49% Annual Rye and 24.56% Crown Perennial Rye for purity. Table 4 reports our findings of 57.19% purity. As long as this sum is equal to or exceeds the sum of the individual components, it meets label claims. Of the 17 lawn samples tested, all met claims for seed purity. Only one sample did not meet its claim for germination. In addition to germination and purity tests, label claims for the percentages of inert matter, crop seed (other than lawn grass seed), weed seed, and the presence of noxious weeds were also evaluated. All samples met label claims for these criteria. Analyses were performed by Drs. Gerald S. Walton and Sharon M. Douglas, and Mary Inman and Karen Century. Samples were collected by John Chapman and Raymond Weller under the direction of Alton Van Dyke, seed control official. The Seed Law is administered by the seed control official for the Commissioner of the Department of Agriculture. Sharon M. Douglas Seed Germination and Purity Analysis— 1989 Table 1. Germination of vegetable seeds. Plant Variety Basil Basilcone Bean Blackeye pea Bean Bush Bean Cherokee Wax Bean Cherokee Wax Bean Fordhook 242 Bean Garden Gator Green 15 Bean Jumbo Bean Kentucky Wonder Bean King of the Garden Bean Navy Pea Bean Pencil Pod Black Wax Bean Roma Bean Royal Burgundy Bean Slenderette Bean Tendergreen Bean Tendergreen Bean, bush Blue Lake 274 Bean, bush Fava Bean, field Yellow Eye Bean, lima Fordhook Bean, pole Scarlet Runner Bean, pole Scarlet Runner Beet Cylindra Beet Detroit Dark Red Beet Detroit Dark Red Beet Detroit Dark Red Beet Detroit Dark Red Beet Detroit Dark Red Beet Detroit Dark Red Beet Detroit Dark Red Beet Detroit Red Beet Early Wonder Beet Early Wonder Beet Early Wonder Beet Early Wonder Beet Red Ace Beet Red Ball Beet Ruby Queen Bok choy Broccoli Calabrese Broccoli Calabrese Broccoli DeCiccio Broccoli Green Sprouting Broccoli Green Sprouting Broccoli Spartan Early Seed Company Green Valley Seed Comstock-Ferry Crosman Crosman New England Seed Co. Comstock-Ferry Ferry Morse Comstock-Ferry Page Comstock-Ferry Comstock-Ferry Comstock-Ferry Hart Comstock-Ferry Page Seed Co. Page Crosman Hart Comstock-Ferry Hart Page Seed Co. Comstock-Ferry Hart New England Seed Co. Agway Bentley Burpee Crosman Excel Hart Ferry Morse New England Seed Co. Agway Green Valley Seed Hart Page Seed Co. New England Seed Co. Burpee Comstock-Ferry Comstock-Ferry Excel Hart Hart Bentley Page Seed Co. Agway Germination claim found * 75 99 90 99 75 92 75 98 75 98 70 65 75 93 85 91 75 100 88 93 75 70 90 99 89 98 90 89 75 93 75 96 75 99 82 98 85 *52 75 98 70 64 90 99 90 98 65 100 65 94 65 93 65 99 65 85 65 90 86 97 65 83 65 94 65 99 65 92 81 97 65 89 65 100 65 91 72 68 90 99 75 90 86 90 88 90 75 89 75 99 75 96 Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station Table 1. Germination of vegetable seeds (continued). Plant Variety Broccoli Waltham 29 Broccoli Waltham 29 Brussel sprout Catskill Brussel sprout Jade Cross Brussel sprout Long Island Improved Cabbage Copenhagen Market Cabbage Danish Ball Head Cabbage Danish Ball Head Cabbage Danish Round Head Cabbage Earliana Cabbage Early Jersey Cabbage Early Jersey Wakefield Cabbage Golden Acre Cabbage Late Flat Dutch Cabbage Late Flat Dutch Cabbage Mammoth Red Rock Cabbage Penn State Ball Head Cabbage Red Acre Cabbage Red Acre Cabbage Stonehead Cabbage Wisconsin Golden Acre Carrot Coreless Nantes Carrot Danvers Half Long Carrot Danvers Half Long Carrot Imperator #58 Carrot Imperator #58 Carrot Imperator Long Carrot Nantes Half Long Carrot Nantes Improved Carrot Nantes Long Carrot Nantes Scarlet Carrot Orbit Carrot Red Cored Chantenay Carrot Royal Chantenay Carrot Royal Chantenay Carrot Short'n Sweet Carrot Small Round Cauliflower Early Purple Head Cauliflower Early Snowball Cauliflower Early Snowball Cauliflower Early Snowball A Cauliflower Snow Crown Cauliflower Snow King Celery Golden self-blanching Celery Tall Utah 52-70R Chicory Catogna Chinese cabbage Michili Seed Company Agway Comstock-Ferry Agway New England Seed Co. Hart Bentley Hart New England Seed Co. Comstock-Ferry Burpee Page Seed Co. Crosman Green Valley Seed Bentley Hart J. B. Rice Comstock-Ferry Agway Hart New England Seed Co. Agway Crosman Bentley Burpee Crosman Ferry Morse New England Seed Co. Comstock-Ferry Hart Agway Excel Comstock-Ferry J. B. Rice Agway Hart Burpee Weeks Hart Green Valley Seed Hart Crosman Agway New England Seed Co. Agway Burpee New England Seed Co. New England Seed Co. Bulletin 877 Germination claim found * 75 70 90 98 70 83 70 82 80 92 75 98 90 98 75 99 90 99 75 97 75 77 75 95 75 98 75 97 80 96 75 76 87 93 75 90 85 94 75 100 75 87 55 85 55 96 55 82 55 95 55 88 55 58 80 82 74 85 55 86 55 77 88 84 55 86 55 74 63 84 55 93 55 76 86 96 75 96 90 93 75 98 75 87 75 94 55 80 55 74 65 84 75 100 Seed Germination and Purity Analysis— 1989 Table 1. Germination of vegetable seeds (continued). Plant Variety Chinese greens Pak choi Collards Georgia Collards Vates Corn Biqueen Corn Butter and Sugar Corn Butter and Sugar Corn Calypso Corn Country Gentleman Corn Golden Bantam Corn Golden Bantam Corn Golden Bantam 12 Row Corn Golden Cross Bantam Corn Golden Cross Bantam Corn Iochief Corn Kandy Korn Corn Ornamental Corn Seneca Chief Corn Seneca Chief Corn Silver Queen Corn Silver Queen Corn Silver Queen Corn Sugar and Gold Cowpea California Blackeye Cucumber Boston Pickling Cucumber Burpless Cucumber Burpless Cucumber Burpless True Lemon Cucumber Early Russian Cucumber Improved Long Green Cucumber Marketer Cucumber Marketmore Cucumber Marketmore 76 Cucumber National Pickling Cucumber Picarow Cucumber Pioneer Cucumber Poincett 76 Cucumber Scabmosaic Res. 58 Cucumber Slicemaster Cucumber Spacemaster Cucumber Straight Eight Cucumber Straight Eight Cucumber Straight Eight Cucumber Sumter Cucumber Table Green 72 Cucumber Table Green 77 Cucumber Wisconsin SMR 18 Seed Company Agway Burpee Comstock-Ferry Comstock-Ferry Comstock-Ferry Page Comstock-Ferry Hart Comstock-Ferry Crosman Hart Bentley Crosman Comstock-Ferry Page Hart Crosman Hart Comstock-Ferry Crosman Page Hart Hart New England Seed Co. New England Seed Co. Weeks Comstock-Ferry Hart Hart Comstock-Ferry Hart Crosman J. B. Rice Agway New England Seed Co. Ferry Morse Crosman Comstock-Ferry Agway Burpee Green Valley Seed New England Seed Co. Ferry Morse Agway Page Seed Co. Agway Germination claim found * 75 100 80 96 84 98 80 97 90 100 75 98 90 99 84 93 82 90 75 99 89 92 75 98 75 99 86 97 75 98 75 93 75 100 90 98 88 93 75 99 75 97 86 96 88 100 80 98 80 100 80 100 90 99 90 99 82 90 90 99 90 99 80 99 80 100 80 94 80 94 80 100 80 98 90 100 80 94 80 99 80 100 80 99 80 99 80 94 80 90 80 98 Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station Table 1. Germination of vegetable seeds (continued). Plant Variety Eggplant Black Beauty Eggplant Black Beauty Eggplant Black Beauty Eggplant Dusky Eggplant Early Long Purple Eggplant Early Long Purple Eggplant Superhybrid Endive Full Heart Batavian Endive Green Curled Endive Green Curled Endive Salad King Kale Blue Scotch Kale Blue Scotch Curled Kale Vates Kale Vates Kohlrabi Early White Vienna Kohlrabi White Vienna Kohlrabi White Vienna Leek American Broad Flag Leek American Flag Leek Carina Leek Musselburgh Lettuce Bibb Lettuce Bibb Lettuce Big Boston Lettuce Big Boston Lettuce Black Seeded Simpson Lettuce Black Seeded Simpson Lettuce Black Seeded Simpson Lettuce Black Seeded Simpson Lettuce Black Seeded Simpson Lettuce Buttercrunch Lettuce Buttercrunch Lettuce Great Lakes Lettuce Iceberg Lettuce Iceburg Lettuce Iceburg Lettuce Ithaca Lettuce Romaine Lettuce Romaine Lettuce Romaine Lettuce Salad Bowl Lettuce Salad Bowl Lettuce Salad Bowl Lettuce Salad Bowl Lettuce Simpson's Curled Seed Company Bentley Ferry Morse Page Seed Co. New England Seed Co. Comstock-Ferry Comstock-Ferry Agway New England Seed Co. Burpee Crosman Comstock-Ferry Agway Hart Comstock-Ferry New England Seed Co. Burpee Agway J. B. Rice New England Seed Co. Hart Agway Thompson & Morgan Comstock-Ferry Hart Hart New England Seed Co. Agway Burpee Green Valley Seed J. B. Rice New England Seed Co. Comstock-Ferry Hart Green Valley Seed Crosman Hart Page Seed Co. Agway Crosman Hart New England Seed Co. Agway Comstock-Ferry Excel New England Seed Co. Bentley Bulletin 877 Germination claim found * 60 88 60 94 60 93 60 84 90 97 90 94 60 97 70 *49 70 92 70 87 81 86 75 99 80 99 90 99 75 99 75 98 75 92 75 85 60 91 87 91 60 85 60 86 90 97 90 98 90 98 80 91 80 97 80 99 80 100 80 100 80 97 90 98 90 97 80 100 80 97 87 84 80 95 80 95 80 98 82 79 80 100 80 93 90 96 80 77 80 95 80 97 Seed Germination and Purity Analysis- 1989 Table 1. Germination of vegetable seeds (continued). Plant Variety Seed Company Crosman Bentley Lima Bean Henderson Lima Bean Henderson's Bush Melon Honeyshaw Muskmelon Classic Muskmelon Delicious Muskmelon Delicious 51 Muskmelon Delicious 51 Muskmelon Iriquois Mustard Florida Broadgreens Mustard Fordhook Fancy Mustard Southern Curled Okra Burgundy Okra Clemson Spineless Okra Clemson Spineless Okra Clemson Spineless Okra Dwarf Long Pod Green Okra Dwarf Stalk Long Green Onion Downing Yellow Globe Onion Early Yellow Globe Onion Green Scallion Onion Hardy White Bunching Onion Long White Bunching Onion Red Globe Onion Southport Red Globe Onion Sweet Spanish Onion Sweet Spanish Onion Sweet Spanish Onion Utah Sweet Spanish Onion Utah Sweet Spanish Onion White Bunching Onion White Bunching Onion White Bunching Onion White Bunching Onion White Lisbon Onion White Sweet Spanish Onion Yellow Spanish Onion Yellow Sweet Spanish Parsley Moss Curled Parsley Moss Curled Parsley Plain Leaf Parsley Plain Leaf Parsnip All American Parsnip All American Parsnip Hollow Crown Parsnip Hollow Crown Agway Agway Comstock-Ferry Agway Hart Hart Comstock-Ferry Burpee Page Seed Co. Comstock-Ferry Agway Burpee Page Seed Co. Crosman Hart Crosman Hart Green Valley Seed New England Seed Co. Agway Crosman Agway Agway Excel Ferry Morse Burpee New England Seed Co. Bentley Bentley Comstock-Ferry J. B. Rice Excel Hart Page Seed Co. Bentley Agway Comstock-Ferry Agway Hart Comstock-Ferry New England Seed Co. Burpee J. B. Rice Germination claim found 70 91 70 97 75 98 75 90 90 94 75 95 76 95 80 87 90 98 75 98 75 100 71 ' 83 50 60 50 89 50 97 50 87 80 72 70 97 77 96 70 96 70 74 70 96 70 86 70 93 70 79 70 94 70 81 70 87 70 *48 70 84 70 84 90 97 70 96 70 92 80 94 70 95 70 95 60 82 70 69 60 64 78 81 85 76 60 81 60 90 60 74 Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin 877 Table 1. Germination of vegetable seeds i (continued). Germination Plant Variety Seed Company claim found * Pea Dwarf White Sugar Page Seed Co. 80 100 Pea Frosty Hart 90 98 Pea Greenarrow Comstock-Ferry 88 96 Pea Laxton's Progress Bentley 80 100 Pea Laxton's Progress Page 80 99 Pea Little Marble Comstock-Ferry 80 96 Pea Snow pea Weeks 80 97 Pea Sparkle Comstock-Ferry 82 98 Pea Sugar Snap Comstock-Ferry 86 94 Pea Sweet Snap Crosman 80 95 Pea Telephone New England Seed Co. 80 98 Pea Wando Crosman 80 97 Pea Wando Hart 82 88 Pea Wando Page 80 92 Pea, snap Sugar Mel Hart 88 89 Pepper Banana Sweet Comstock-Ferry 90 93 Pepper California Wonder Bentley 55 84 Pepper California Wonder Ferry Morse 55 90 Pepper California Wonder Hart 80 93 Pepper California Wonder J. B. Rice 55 *0 Pepper California Wonder Red Comstock-Ferry 90 98 Pepper Cubanelle Crosman 55 91 Pepper Cubanelle Hart 75 83 Pepper Cubanelle New England Seed Co. 55 90 Pepper Cubanelle Page Seed Co. 55 84 Pepper Early Calwonder Agway 55 98 Pepper Early Calwonder Comstock-Ferry 82 97 Pepper Eastern Rocket Agway 55 48 Pepper Green Boy Agway 55 99 Pepper Hungarian Wax Hot Hart 90 93 Pepper Jalapeno Burpee 55 90 Pepper Jalapeno Hot Crosman 75 93 Pepper Large Red Cayenne New England Seed Co. 55 99 Pepper Large Red Cherry Hot New England Seed Co. 55 86 Pepper Long Red Cayenne Bentley 55 89 Pepper Midway Comstock-Ferry 83 88 Pepper Yellow Banana Page Seed Co. 55 81 Pepper Yellow Wonder Comstock-Ferry 90 97 Popcorn Strawberry Comstock-Ferry 80 86 Pumpkin Baby Pam Agway 75 74 Pumpkin Big Max Hart 85 *60 Pumpkin Connecticut Field Hart 85 97 Pumpkin Jack O'Lantern Hart 90 98 Pumpkin Neck Pumpkin Agway 75 90 Pumpkin Small Sugar Hart 90 99 Pumpkin Thomas Halloween Agway 75 87 Seed Germination and, Purity Analysis— 1989 Table 1. Germination of vegetable seeds (continued). Plant Variety Seed Company Radish Champion Bentley Radish Champion Page Seed Co. Radish Cherry Belle Comstock-Ferry Radish Cherry Belle Hart Radish Cherry Belle J. B. Rice Radish Cherry Belle New England Seed Cc Radish Early Scarlet Globe Agway Radish Early Scarlet Globe Comstock-Ferry Radish Long Black Spanish Hart Radish Mixed Varieties Thompson & Morgan Radish Round Black Spanish Page Seed Co. Radish Scarlet Turnip Excel Radish Sparkler Burpee Radish White Icicle Agway Radish White Icicle Crosman Roquette Burpee Rutabaga American Purple Top Agway Rutabaga American Purple Top Page Seed Co. Rutabaga American Purple Top Hart Rutabaga Improved Purple Top Comstock-Ferry Rutabaga Purple Top Yellow Burpee Spinach America Crosman Spinach Bloomsdale Long Standing Page Seed Co. Spinach Bloomsdale Savoy J. B. Rice Spinach Early Hybrid 30 Agway Spinach New Zealand Agway Spinach New Zealand Everlasting Burpee Spinach VA Blight Resistant Comstock-Ferry Squash Acorn Bentley Squash Ambassador Comstock-Ferry Squash Black Beauty Agway Squash Black Zucchini Hart Squash Blue Hubbard Hart Squash Blue Hubbard Page Seed Co. Squash Buttercup Hart Squash Butternut Hart Squash Cocozelle Crosman Squash Green Hubbard Hart Squash Puritan Butternut Agway Squash Straightneck Crosman Squash Straightneck Prolific Agway Squash Straightneck Prolific Comstock-Ferry Squash Table Green Agway Squash Vegetable Spaghetti Agway Squash Vegetable Spaghetti Comstock-Ferry Squash Zucchini Bentley Squash Zucchini Black Comstock-Ferry Germination claim found * 75 99 75 100 90 100 90 99 75 97 75 99 75 99 90 100 90 95 75 92 75 92 75 99 75 99 75 98 75 95 75 95 75 97 75 98 90 100 90 100 75 100 60 97 60 93 60 87 60 98 40 95 40 86 90 98 75 80 90 97 75 95 84 84 90 91 75 98 87 88 90 96 75 82 86 77 75 98 75 100 75 99 90 96 75 97 75 100 90 99 75 97 80 93 10 Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station Table 1. Germination of vegetable seeds (continued). Plant Variety Seed Company Sunflower Mammoth Russian Hart Swiss chard Fordhook Giant J. B. Rice Swiss chard Fordhook Giant Agway Swiss chard Fordhook Giant Burpee Swiss chard Fordhook Giant Hart Swiss chard G.T. Lucullus New England Seed Co. Swiss chard Rhubarb Comstock-Ferry Swiss chard Rhubarb Page Seed Co. Swiss chard Ruby Red Agway Tomato Beefsteak Bentley Tomato Bonny Best Hart Tomato Burpee Big Boy Agway Tomato Climbing Crosman Tomato Delicious Green Valley Seed Tomato Delicious Weeks Tomato Golden Jubilee J. B. Rice Tomato Large Red Cherry Comstock-Ferry Tomato Long-keeper Burpee Tomato Midget Tiny Tim Weeks Tomato Red Cherry Burpee Tomato Red Cherry Hart Tomato RomaVF Agway Tomato RomaVF Comstock-Ferry Tomato RomaVF Crosman Tomato Rutgers Bentley Tomato Rutgers Green Valley Seed Tomato Rutgers Hart Tomato Supersteak Burpee Turnip Large Yellow Globe Comstock-Ferry Turnip Purple Top White Globe Burpee Turnip Purple Top White Globe Hart Turnip Seven Top J. B. Rice Turnip White Globe Excel Turnip Yellow Globe Hart Watermelon Charleston Gray Burpee Watermelon Crimson Sweet Hart Watermelon Jubilee Weeks Watermelon Sugar Baby Comstock-Ferry Watermelon Tender Sweet Weeks Bulletin 877 Germination claim found * 86 95 65 100 65 89 65 97 90 88 65 80 90 98 60 94 65 91 75 95 90 95 75 97 75 95 75 95 75 88 75 76 87 99 75 84 75 92 75 97 90 95 75 94 90 98 75 96 75 88 75 94 83 82 75 94 80 95 80 98 90 92 80 99 SO 92 90 99 70 96 85 90 70 98 90 97 70 89 Average 76 92 * = does not meet label claims Seed Germination and Purity Analysis— 1989 11 Table 2. Summary for each seed company of total number of germination claims and the percentage of claims in each compliance category. Seed Company Claii Agway 52 Bentley 20 Burpee 26 Comstock-Ferry 62 Crosman's 31 Excel 8 Ferry Morse 8 Green Valley 10 Hart 64 New England 32 Page 27 J.B. Rice 13 Thompson & Morgan 2 Weeks 7 % Samples in Each Compliance Category* 1 2 100 100 100 98 100 100 100 100 98 94 100 92 100 100 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 2 6 0 8 0 0 * Compliance Categories: 1= meets label claims; 2= does not meet label claims 12 Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin 877 Table 3. Summary by vegetable type of average percent germination claimed, found, and set standard. Average % Germination Vegetable No. of Samples Claimed Found Standard* Basil 1 75 99 Bean 22 80 90 70 Beet 16 68 92 65 Bok choy 1 90 99 Broccoli 8 80 90 75 Brussel sprout 3 73 86 70 Cabbage 16 78 93 75 Carrot 16 60 83 55 Cauliflower 6 79 94 75 Celery 2 55 77 55 Chicory 1 65 84 65 Chinese cabbage 2 75 100 75 Collards 2 82 97 80 Corn 19 81 96 75 Cowpea 1 88 100 75 Cucumber 23 82 97 80 Eggplant 7 68 92 60 Endive 4 73 78 70 Kale 4 80 99 75 Kohlrabi 3 75 92 75 Leek 4 67 88 60 Lettuce 24 79 95 80 Lima bean 2 70 94 70 Melon 1 75 98 75 Muskmelon 5 79 92 75 Mustard 3 80 99 75 Okra 6 58 81 50 Onion 20 84 88 70 Parsley 4 67 74 60 Parsnip 4 66 80 60 Pea 15 82 96 80 Pepper 23 66 85 55 Popcorn 1 80 86 Pumpkin 7 82 86 75 Radish 15 79 97 75 Roquette 1 75 95 Rutabaga 5 81 99 75 Spinach 7 58 93 40 Squash 19 81 93 75 Sunflower 1 86 95 Swiss chard 8 71 92 65 Tomato 19 78 92 75 Turnip 6 83 96 80 Watermelon 5 77 94 70 Standards are provided for by the rules and regulations of the Federal Seed Act; Blanks indicate standards are not available for that vegetable. Seed Germination and Purity Analysis— 1989 13 Table 4. Germination and purity of lawn seed. Company Hart Hart Hart Hart Wilamette Agri Turf Lofts Lofts Scotts Scotts Scotts Scotts Scotts Mixture Banff Kentucky Bluegrass Evergreen Lawn Seed Annual Rye Crown Perennial Rye Creeping Red Fescue Kentucky Bluegrass Small Spot Lawn Seed Annual Rye Crown Perennial Rye Creeping Red Fescue Kentucky Bluegrass Shade Lawn Seed Fiesta II Perennial Rye Penn Lawn Red Fescue Creeping Red Fescue Shadow Chewings Fescue Kentucky Bluegrass Imperial Perennial Rye Creeping Red Fescue Lawn Seed Kentucky 31 Tall Fescue Family Favorite Purity Claim 98.29 Purity Found1 98.98 97.00 98.65 Germination Claim 85 85 Germination Found 1>2 88 29.49 90 24.56 57.19 90 88 34.37 33.67 85 96 8.62 8.60 80 82 29.49 90 24.56 50.31 90 86 34.37 38.58 85 86 8.62 10.17 80 81 24.53 25.03 90 89 29.54 85 29.51 85 14.73 73.66 85 95 86.96 97.95 80 *58 98.88 99.25 85 92 98.50 99.42 90 91 85 Koket Chewings Fescue 14.79 90 Banner Chewings Fescue 9.86 24.73 90 94 Victa Kentucky Bluegrass 29.58 32.70 87 87 Pennant Perennial Rye 44.16 41.91 92 96 * Shady Area Banner Chewings Fescue 44.36 90 Koket Chewings Fescue 14.79 62.34 90 91 Coventry Kentucky Bluegrass 24.65 22.51 87 87 Ovation Perennial Rye 14.72 14.62 92 95 Play Time Derby Perennial Rye 29.44 92 Ovation Perennial Rye 24.54 92 Pennant Perennial Rye 24.54 78.92 92 96 Victa Kentucky Bluegrass 19.72 20.55 87 92 Sun/Shade Perennial Rye 51.90 52.45 92 95 Chewings Fescue 24.50 26.09 90 96 Kentucky Bluegrass 19.60 20.96 87 87 Sun Mix Red Fescue 24.47 25.31 90 91 Kentucky Bluegrass 73.43 73.91 84 85 14 Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin 877 Table 4. Germination and purity of lawn seed (continued). Company Mixture Purity Claim Purity Found1 Germination Claim Germination Found 1-2 Scotts Quick Fix Annual Rye Perennial Rye 79.45 19.86 99.59 90 90 94 Cadwell & Jones Chewings Fescue 98.83 99.66 85 85 Cadwell & Jones Putters Delight Ranger Perennial Rye Caliente Perennial Rye Dillon Perennial Rye 32.88 31.82 33.14 98.93 90 85 85 93 Cadwell & Jones Hard Fescue 98.51 99.60 85 97 Results for seeds which were separated by genus and not by species or by variety are reported as the sum for that genus * = does not meet label claims The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station , founded in 1875, is the first experiment station in America. It is chartered by the General Assembly to make scientific inquiries and experiments regarding plants and their pests, insects, soil and water, and to perform analyses for State agencies. The laboratories of the Station are in New Haven and Windsor; its Lockwood Farm is in Hamden. Single copies of bulletins are available free upon request to Pub- lications; Box 1 106; New Haven, Connecticut 06504. ISSN 0097-0905