SO SO OS, — nS Sa ras 14) 1 an yhy' Sa CASULA HTN SE EN ANELENA DECI B yt ae A AAR Ge Byitie hee ono SHAT Wt \ teas eure 9 ht a ‘rs y ’ MN iatel etn we } rs iy Vrs uy vor" 4 RMA 4% rabid i Hs 4 : ; oP aR : nies i wets phy tte eran ete? eer rere ast Aare Puke SAR. Asap © es Hey : ar yo, 4 * % ev ave eke : that ion? eet sieheg aati ‘ Shrh kites ites pens 3 \ ey ¥ 3 ; neh atti ; : ( ATED ra AN Caen PHOT Ne at : i ist i, a Ve iH bis nt of At) i ? eo 3 oni bi ihee Teach ache sit BN Areata iar Ae - 4} 3k len ti i t 5 (- iu giasta des : hehe on ae tss “ as Bag ir 7 Aes . a a ifm: BTR pest Pe iin ei oe Faz 1 Ath ee Seis ie E Ct a ae eae! —— ; a THE ANNALS AND MAGAZINE OF NATURAL HISTORY, INCLUDING ZOOLOGY, BOTANY, ann GEOLOGY. (BEING A CONTINUATION OF THE ‘ANNALS’ COMBINED WITH LOUDON AND CHARLESWORTH’S ‘ MAGAZINE OF NATURAL HISTORY.’ ) CONDUCTED BY ALBERT C. L. G. GUNTHER, M.A., M.D., Ph.D., F.R.S., WILLIAM CARRUTHERS, Ph.D., F.R.S., F.L.S., F.GS., AND WILLIAM FRANCIS, F.L.S. TOON - PRINTED AND PUBLISHED BY TAYLOR AND FRANCIS. SOLD BY SIMPKIN, MARSHALL, HAMILTON, KENT, AND CO., LD.; BAILLIERE, PARIS: HODGES, FIGGIS, AND CO., DUBLIN : AND ASHER, BERLIN, 1909, “Omnes res create sunt divine sapientie et potenti testes, divitiz felici humane :—ex harum usu Jonitas Creatoris; ex pulchritudine sapientia Dom ex ceconomia in conservatione, proportione, renovatione, potentia majes elucet. Earum itaque indagatio ab hominibus sibi relictis semper estim a veré eruditis et sapientibus semper exculta; malé doctis et barbaris se inimica fuit.”—Linnaus. “Quel que soit le principe de la vie animale, il ne faut qu’ouvrir les yeux voir qu’elle est le chef-d’eeuvre de la Toute-puissance, et le but auquel se rap tent toutes ses opérations.”’—BruckneEr, Théorie du Systeme Animal, Ley 1767. ; ee eee ee e © @ » » The sylvan powers Obey our summons; from their deepest dells The Dryads come, and throw their garlands wild And odorous branches at our feet; the Nymphs That press with nimble step the mountain-thyme And purple heath-flower come not empty-handed, But scatter round ten thousand forms minute Of velvet moss or lichen, torn from rock Or rifted oak or cavern deep: the Naiads too Quit their loved native stream, from whose smooth face They crop the lily, and each sedge and rush That drinks the rippling tide: the frozen poles, Where peril waits the bold adventurer’s tread, The burning sands of Borneo and Cayenne, All, all to us unlock their secret stores And pay their cheerful tribute. J. Taytor, Norwich, 1818, CONTENTS OF VOL, III. (EIGHTH SERIES. } NUMBER 13. Page I. A Case of Abnormal Oviductsin Homarus vulgaris. By W.G. Rwewoop, B.Sc., Lecturer on Biology at St. Mary’s Hospital MeL SCHOO Tondon, «sas cetic ds cen s> hoe cceekaugimes 03: 1 Il. Description of a new Lemonia. By the Hon. Warr — RECCHETIIES) TTD Rae CAI nee 7 IlI. The Collections of William John Burchell, D.C.L., in the Hope Department, Oxford University Museum :— IV. On the Lepidoptera Rhopalocera collected by W. J. Burchell in Brazil, 1825-1830. By J. C. Mourron, of Mardalen College, Oxford)’ 0.0. s< ce ccs sec thee: wb. 1V. Notes on the Genus Acerodon, with a Synopsis of its Species and Subspecies, and Descriptions of Four new Forms. By Knup EE TEN iC CSC OEE CIS Sad nee Coc aRMOIS c AeionicInele cece tan 20 V. On a new Crab taken from a Deep-sea Telegraph-Cable in the Indian Ocean. By W.T.Catman, D.Sc., British Museum (Natural EN MEO PN erste ee epee sree a ste ts recreates eee & 30 VI. On Mammals from the Upper Zambezi River. By E. C, BESTT eh ceria ti aye ae hee oe Sw eal tw ae Snot. e3. VII. A Revision of the Fishes of the Genus Elops. By C. Tats RE MEAG. ee ee Le eae ce CRS et erates Sa orks Carers akon VIII. Descriptions of Two new Species of Rhynchota from Bengal. RE iy lea DISA cea tele retains cree Revere el sit tue che. vic grees nae se or 40 IX. Description of a new Freshwater Gobiid Fish from the Niger. BE Pe POOULENGHE Heh. oc ceee ace etre es des eeess ee cess 42 X, Eocidaris and some Species referred to it. By F. A. Barurr, Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.). (Plate I.)........ Sree ee tere She ecceee 43 XI. On the Anatomy and Classification of the Scombroid Fishes, 66 By ©. Tate Reean, M.A. ..... CRTC eR DODUIC IGOR ERC cae iv CONTENTS. M.A Se of the Geological Society The Type of Cidaris, by Prof. Hubert Lyman Clark, with a by B.A, Bather, 00450 cae nas soicps as sole eeee eso oe one ; NUMBER. 14. XIII. New Species of Indo-Malayan and African Lepidoptera. By Colonel C. Swinson, MLA. FLS., Ge. . 62. 00::.26 +. uae XIV. The Collections of William John Burchell, D.C.L,, in the Hope Department, Oxford University Museum :— IV. On the Lepidoptera Rhopalocera collected by W. J. _ Burchell in Brazil, 1825-1830. By J. C. Movrron, of Magdalen College, xin 7 sys Sys: sine s rae XV. The Char (Salvelinus) of Great Britain. By C. Tare REGAN, | MA. ¢ ctotnene os 56k nie kt oto ini l« Aan JS eis >< sa eee ee ae XVI. On some new and rare Entomostraca from the Scottish F mee Seas. By Tuomas Scort, LL.D., F.L.S. (Plates I-IV.) ....,. XVII. Remarks on some new or little-known Species of Thynnide Ta (Hymenoptera). By Row ann E. Turner, F.Z.S., F.E.S. ...... 1 XVII. The Type of Exocetus eviliens (L. Gmel.). By ALBERT GOnTHEB, FR... | ss cbs cep seuss 2s oe nie te i XIX. Some Mammals from N.E. Kimberley, Northern Australia. By-OLprigip THOMAS (572,20 .5.70-5 .0ceee oat eee eee — XX. Notes from the Gatty Marine Laboratory, St. Andrews— _ No. XXXI. By Prof. M‘Inrosn, M.D., LL.D., F.R.S., &c. (Plates Dy ROTA) Sica Neat lord «1s Gubde’s Sie y ep abi see eee ob y ols sxe een 153 XXI. Descriptions of Seventeen new Species and Varieties of Land and Freshwater Shells from East and West Africa and the Transvaal. By H. B. Preston, F.Z.S. (Plate VII.) XXII. Rhynchotal Notes—No, XLVI. By W. L. Distant XXIII. On the Characters and Affinities of “ Desmaloper” and Pteralopex. By Knup ANDERSEN ere XXIV. Descriptions of new Genera and Species of New-Zealand Coleoptera. By Major T. Broun, HOTS. 2. ..22 20. 0. eae nee sone 223 XXV. A new Species of Pteropus from the Loyalty Islands. Knup ANDERSEN XXVI. Descriptions of Three new Freshwater Fishes from South _ a America, presented to the British Museum by Herr J. Paul Arnold. . By C. Tate Reean, M.A. Proceedings of the Geological Society...... veees CONTENTS, NUMBER 15. Pago XXVIi. Notes on Larval Trematodes. By Wittram Nico, M.A., D.Sc., and Wittram Smatu, M.A., Gatty Marine Labora- BU niversiby: OF StCAMOTOWS 2.3 iilew cs cues doc tenecne cede cs 23 XXVIII. New Species of Dendromus and Tatera. By R. C. SPR OUGHTON: éi.coccc cc cee acee HOO Gi CLAIR a IE ee : XXIX. Notes on the Furficularia.—XV. The Esphalmenine. By meeLcoLmM Bunn, B.A., F.ES., F.LS., FZ.S., &c. co.cc eee XXX. Notes on the Forficularia.—XVI. On Dermaptera in the Greifswald Museum, with Synonymic Notes on some of Gerstzcker’s Species. By Matcorm Borkp, B.A., F.E.S., F.L.S., F.Z.8., &c. XXXI, On Mammals collected in Turkestan by Mr, Douglas Sectors: by, OLDHEEED! THOMAS) (aivigs eo dicaiasicls eee teh ba ae aos XXXI. Two new Bats from the Solomon Islands. By Knup «TOES RSTSIN) Aare Aianaopecui o GUSTO ESTO ENCE IPSC IS CSI ic Rc I, 6 ene et y XXXIII. Description of a new Cichlid Fish of the Genus Hetero- gramma from the La Plata. By C. Tare Ree@an, M.A. ........ XXXIV. On the Toxie Action of the Bite of the Boomslang or South-African Tree-Snake (Dispholidus typus). By F. W. Firz- Simons, F.Z.8., &c., Director, Port Elizabeth Museum, Cape Colony, 4 XXXYV. Preliminary Note on some Fishes from the Irish Atlantic Pp pedeby E,W. Upborr andl: Wr BYRNE a. ciidecee sae ss XXXVI. New African Phlebotomic Diptera in the British Museum (Natural History)—Part VI. By Ernest E. Austen ,. XXXVII. New Genera and Species of Blood-sucking Muscide from the Ethiopian and Oriental Regions, in the British Museum (Natural History). By Ernest E, Austen XXXVIII. On some new Steneosaurs from the Oxford Clay of Peterborough. By C.W. Anprews, D.Sc., F.R.S, (British Museum, mevural istery)» (Plates VIL. & IX.) iti bc uelec a vtiees cs XXXIX. The Genus Enerinus. By Austin Hopart Crark, of tue United States Bureau of Fisheries ......2....cceeseecceves XL. Note on a rare Plumularian Hydroid, Cladocarpus formosus. By James Rircutg, M.A., B.Sc., Natural History Department, the Royal Scottish Museum ...........0.00005 XLI. Diagnosis of Soletellina dautzenbergi, sp. n., from New Caledonia. By G. B. Sowrmrsy, F.LS. Proceedings of the Geological Society On the Generic Name Cheops, Riippell, by J. Douglas Ogilby .... 285 299 th, i vi CONTENTS. b NUMBER 16, ag XLII. Rhynchotal Notes—No. XLVII. By W. L. Distant .. 317 XLIU. Descriptions of Four new Species of Heterocera from — Tropical South America. By Herperr Druce, F.LS. &e....... 545 XLIV. Descriptions of Three new Species of Heterocera from Dutch New Guinea. By HerBert Druce, F.LS. &c........... 347 XLV. On Mammals collected by Mr. 8. A. Neave, M.A., B.Sc. (Oxon.), in Katanga, Congo Free State. By Guy Dotiman, B.A. 348 XLVI. Notes on Locomotion and the Use of Slime-threads in the Marine Mollusca. By NarHanren CouGan, M.R.LA. ...... 354 XLVI. Alcyonarians from the Gulf of Cutch. By Prof. J. — ArtHuR THomson and Mr. GreorGEe Crane, B.Sc., University of Aberdeen.’ (Preliminary Note.) %..0.....0 veee ees os eae ee 362 XLVII. Two new Species of Gryllacris in the University Museum, Oxford. By Dr. AcHILLE GrirrFrnt (R. Istituto tecnico, Gotova,Mtaly) 7 coco, osm a'n,0 init walt an ae tte ie tee 366 XLIX. On the N. Australian Rats referred to the Genus Mesem- briomys, \ ey ‘OLDERELD THOMAS 125 6 gen Gs pi'slo'da odo bo IRON 372 L. New Species of Paradoxwrus, of the P. philippinensis Group, and anew Paguma. By OLDFIELD THOMAS ........++.eeeeeeees o74 LI. New Species of Gcomys and Marmosa from Amazonia. By OLDFIRLD THOMAB) jie osprey? deca s en se aoe meee: mee «7 =i LIT. Two new Macaques from W. Java. By OLpFIELD THomMas and, C. WHOUDGHTON 4c). opens Pind nated Sage ee eee 380 New Book :—Catalogue of the Lepidoptera Phalzene in the British Museum. Vol. VI. Noctuide. By Sir Grorce F. Hamp- | BON, Part. § cionakae oc irene secgoere Ge oe cee erent eta eneeet 382 Proceedings of the Geological Society ...... ccc sec eeeeeeeenees 383 On some new Steneosaurs from the Oxford Clay of Peterborough, by Charles W. Andrews, D.Sc., F.R.S. (British Museum, Natural Hasbory) ...; :.< Pane tNn yawn nes dese cer ee 486 LXIV. Four new Tubanus Species from India and Assam. By PE REUD ME TCAR DO) Pets chepcayeiat oreleise sr 6 tere oishelaigroleieesys oe 0sia« 487 LXV. Oriental Rhynchota Heteroptera. By W.L. Disrant .. 491 LXVI. New Land, Freshwater, and Marine Shells from South minerica. By H. B. Pruston, F.Z.8. (Plate X.) ..........06.. 507 LXVII. Four new African Mammals. By R.C. Wrovuacuton .. 514 LXVIII. On some new Species of Coleoptera from Rhodesia and adjacent Territories. By Gitpert J. ARROW 517 © 00 (6,6 0 6 0 2 00 0 8 8 0 oe 0 LXIX. New Species and Varieties of Hydroida Thecata from the Andaman Isiands. By James Rircwir, M.A., B.Sec., Natural History Department, the Royal Scottish Museum,.,............. 524 LXX. A new Specific Name for an Orectolobid Shark. By ADEE EGR GAN oNIMAG, cin crib oan caren aes Ate se the Suk ewes Wei ac 529 New Books:—Guide to the Whales, Porpoises, and Dolphins (Order Cetacea) exhibited in the Department of Zoology, British Museum (Natural History).—Guide to the Specimens illustrating the Races of Mankind (Anthropology) exhibited in the Depart- ment of Zoology, British Museum (Natural History) .... 529, 5380 PCOX ie sae ae eva Persea sis nue cer acest uel ane 531 PLATES IN VOL. III. * Pratr I. Eocidaris and some species referred to it. ine ; TIL. | Entomostraca from the Scottish Seas. IV. V. Species of Gadus, Polydora, Nerinides, Kinbergella, Ws Scolecolepis. VII. Shells from East and West Africa and the Transvaal. VILL. Ix Steneosaurs from the Oxford Clay of Peterborough. X. Shells from South America. _ ERRATA. Page 449, line 12, after Sta. 19 a insert 60° 36’ N., 4° 46' W. » 451, ,, 11, for Sta. 15 ¢ read Sta. 15, 61° 27' N., 3° 42' W. » 453, ,, 17, for 60° 3’ N., 3° 53’ W., read 60° 31' N., 3° 53’ W THE ANNALS AND MAGAZINE OF NATURAL HISTORY. [EIGHTH SERIES. ] OS sooncencascnnoccb0 per litora spargite muscum, Naiades, et circtim vitreos considite fontes : Pollice virgineo teneros hie carpite flores: Floribus et pictum, dives, replete canistrum. At vos, o Nymphe Craterides, ite sub undas ; Tite, recurvato variata corallia trunco Vellite muscosis e rupibus, et mihi conchas Ferte, Dee pelagi, et pingui conchylia succo.” N. Purthenii Giannettasi, Eel, 1. No. 13. JANUARY 1909. I—A Case of Abnormal Oviducts in Homarus vulgaris. By W. G. RipEewoop, D.Sc., Lecturer on Biology at St. Mary’s Hospital Medical School, London. THE lobster which forms the subject of the present note was given me by Dr. W. T. Calman, carcinologist at the British Museum, whom I have to thank not only for the specimen, but also for information respecting the literature of abnormal genitalia in the higher Crustacea generally. The specimen was sent to the Museum from Billingsgate Fish Market, and was stated to have been caught off the Orkney Isles. On the right side of the body the normal oviducal aperture is present on the base of the third or antepenultimate leg (fig. 1, a), but on the left side there is no aperture on the third leg ; instead there 1s an opening on the basal joint of the fifth or last leg (where the vas deferens of the male normally opens), and another aperture on the fourth leg (fics do e& b). Abnormalities in the generative system of the lobster (Homarus vulgaris) are apparently very rare, although in the Norway lobster or Dublin prawn (Nephrops norvegicus) and in freshwater crayfishes they occur with comparative frequency. Ann. & Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 8. Vol. iii. 1 ° * 2 Dr. W. G. Ridewood on a Case oy oa In Nephrops it is no uncommon circumstance for additional genital apertures to be present. F. H. A. Marshall *, writing in 1901, records how, on an examination of 1000 male specimens, he found 12-2 per cent. abnormal in having supernumerary genital openings, and more recently D. C. M‘Intosh ¢ examined 4429 males, and found that 287 were Ventral view of the bases of the last three thoracic legs. a, aperture on the base of the third leg on the right side; 5 and c, the apertures on the fourth and fifth legs on the left side. Two-thirds natural size. abnormal, a percentage of 6°5. In none of these specimens were the usual ducts on the last pair of walking-legs wanting, the abnormality invariably consisted in the occurrence of genital ducts in addition to the normal pair. These speci- mens were caught in the Firth of Forth and Moray Firth. Of 319 males captured in the Clyde, M‘Intosh found 2°5 per cent. to be abnormal in having supernumerary genital openings. In no female specimen examined by him was any abnormality observed, either in the position or the number of the apertures, a truly remarkable circumstance in view of the large percentage of abnormal cases among the males. Marshall ¢, however, mentions one case in which, in addition to the normal oviducal openings on the third or antepenultimate walking-legs, there were a pair of apertures on the last walking-legs. M‘Intosh makes no mention of the manner in which the * Marshall, F. H. A., Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1902, i. pp. 2-12. + M‘Intosh, D. C., Proc. Roy. Physical Soc. Edinb, xvii. 4, 1908, pp- 129-142. t aizexp. 6. Abnormal Oviducts in Homarus vulgaris. 3 supernumerary vasa deferentia of Nephrops were connected with the testes, but Marshall* states that in some of the abnormal males examined by him the apertures opened in- ternally into blind sacs, in others the connection, partial or complete, between the testis and the supernumerary aperture was by means of a branch of the normal vas deferens be- longing to the last thoracic somite. As regards the European erayfishes of the genus Astacus, the gonad is sometimes hermaphrodite t, and females are known sometimes to bear on the first abdominal somite larze appendages like those of the male instead of the usual vestigial structures {. Desmarest § records a female Astacus with supernumerary orifices on the fourth or penultimate legs, and oviducts which on each side forked downward go as to become connected with the apertures on both third and fourth legs. A somewhat similar case is given by Benham ||, only in this animal there were on each side two oviducts, opening on the third and fifth legs. Bateson {| mentions twenty cases of female crayfishes having a unilateral super- numerary opening on one of the fourth legs; he also cites one case with additional oviducal openings on both of the fourth legs, one case with extra openings on both fourth and fifth legs, and eight cases in which the oviduct was suppressed on one side, so that the animal had but one oviduct in all. Abnormalities in the males are much less common than in females, for Bateson found only one abnormal male in 714; this one departed from the normal in the suppression of the lower part of the vas deferens, and its external opening, on one side of the body. In most of the twenty females with an additional oviducal aperture on one of the fourth legs, the oviduct on the abnormal side of the body was in the form of an inverted Y, as in Desmarest’s case. In Parastacus hasslert **, a South American speciesof cray- “2 OR A ptes t See v. la Valette St. George, Arch. f. mikr. Anat. xxxix, 1892, pp. 504-524, { Bergendal, D., Bihang k. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Handlingar, Stockholm, xiv. iy. 3, 1888, pp. 85; and xv. iv. 5, 1889, pp. 15. § Desmarest, K., Ann. Soc, Entomol. France, sér. 2, vi. 1848, pp. 479- 484, || Benham, W. B., Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 6, vii. 1891, p. 256. {| Bateson, W., Materials for the Study of Variation (London, 1894), p. 153. ; ** Lonnberg, E., Zool. Anzeiger, xxi. 1898, pp. 334-335 and pp. 345- 552, For other observations on supernumerary genital orifices in Paras- tacus see von Martens, K., Sitz.-Ber. Ges. naturf. Fr. Berlin, 1870, p. 3; von Ihering, H., Congrés International de Zoologie & Moscou, 1892, part ii. (1898) pp. 43-49; and Faxon, W., Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. xx. (Washington, 1898), pp. 645-694 (see particularly pl. 70. ae 5). 1 4 Dr. W. G. Ridewood on a Case of fish, there are regularly two pairs of genital ducts, one leading from the gonad to the coxal joints of the third pair of legs and the other to those of the fifth. In the male the anterior duct is somewhat narrower than the other and does not really open to the exterior, the “ orifice ” on the third leg not being patent. In the female the posterior duct is considerably thinner than the anterior ; it is too narrow to allow of the passage of ova, and ends blindly on the coxopodite of the fifth leg. There are thus vestigial oviducts in the male and vestigial vasa deferentia in the female. Lonnberg found in the testis large bodies resembling ova, and he is inclined to regard the species as exhibiting a partial structural, but not functional, hermaphroditism. In Cambarus, a North American Astacid, Faxon * has observed four cases in which external features of the two sexes are combined in the same individual; and Lonnberg t¢ speaks, with some hesitation, of rudimentary ducts passing to the third legs in two males. In Cheraps preissii, an Australian crayfish, von Martens t¢ has described three males with additional orifices on the third pair of legs; there were no tubes connecting these openings with the gonad. In the Indian deep-sea species of the family Axiide it is common to find in adult females orifices corresponding with the genital orifices of the male §. In male specimens of a Pacific hermit-crab, Pagurus deformis, supernumerary apertures on the third or ante- penultimate legs seem to be regularly present ||, although Borradaile {] mentions a case in which the supernumerary aperture was absent on one side of the body. In the lobster, Homarus vulgaris, abnormal genitalia are very rare, if one may judge from the paucity of recorded cases of abnormality. Nicholls ** in 1730 described a case of complete hermaphroditism in a lobster, the left side of the gonad being testicular, and furnished with a duct leading to the last walking-leg, and the right half being ovarian, with a Apote W., Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. x. 4 (Camb., Mass., 1885), . 13-14. an L. c. pp. 849-350. t Von Martens, E., Sitz.-Ber. Ges. naturf. Fr. Berlin, 1870, pp. 1-2. § Aleock, A., Indian Deep-sea Crustacea Decapoda Macrura and Anomala in the Indian Museum (Calcutta, 1901), p. 187. || Hilgendorf, F., Mon.-Ber. Ak. Wiss. Berlin, 1878, p. 818; and Ortmann, A., Zool. Jahrb., Abth. Syst. vi. 1892, p. 288. { Borradaile, L. A., Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1898, p. 460, ** Nicholls, F., Phil. Trans. xxxvi. 1730, pp. 290-294. Abnormal Oviducts in Homarus vulgaris. 5 a duct to the third or antepenultimate leg ; and Herrmann *, in 1890 described the presence of ova in the fore part of the testis of a lobster. Fig. 2. { b “ree. a Pea a aa c Dissection of the ovary and its ducts, seen from above. a, the duet to the third leg on the right side; 6 and ¢, the ducts to the fourth and fifth legs on the left side. Two-thirds natural size. In the case under consideration there is no question of hermaphroditism, in spite of the fact that one of the three ducts opens in the position of the vas deferens of the male, ‘The specimen is clearly a functional female, since it carries numerous ova attached to the abdominal appendages. The first pair of abdominal appendages differ in no respect from those of the normal female, and the sternal pouch or seminal receptacle, between the bases of the last two pairs of legs, is * Herrmann, G., Bull. sci, France et Belg. xxii. 1890, p. 45, 6 On Abnormal Oviduets in Homarus vulgaris. exactly as in a normal female. Of the three apertures the first and second, on the third leg of the right side and the fourth leg of the left (fig. 1, a & 6), are dark in colour and with a hairy front edge. The third opening, on the fifth leg of the left side (fig. 1, c), is pale in colour; it has no hairs and is rather more raised than the first and second apertures, but its hind edge is not so elevated as is that of the opening of the vas deferens of the male. The third opening is very slightly smaller than the other two, All three are patent. The ovary is fully ripe, and a microscopic examination of portions of the anterior and posterior ends fails to show any evidences of hermaphroditism. The duct to the third right leg (fig. 2, a) arises from the right side of the ovary at about the same distance behind the ovarian bridge as in a normal female. The duct on the left side to the last leg arises from the left side of the ovary at a more posterior level (fig. 2, ¢). The tube is exactly like a normal oviduct, gently tapering, and without any differentiation of middle glandular segment and terminal ejaculatory segment that one finds in the vas deferens of the lobster *. The duct to the penultimate leg of the left side (fig. 2, ) could not be traced in its entirety, owing to the fact that in the interval between the death of the animal and the dissection of its body the liver had exerted a digestive action upon the surrounding parts, particularly in the regions represented in fig. 2 by the dotted lines. ‘There is no indication that the duct to the fourth leg arose as a branch from the duct to the fifth leg ; if it existed at all it must have come direct from the gonad. The lower part of the duct (the part near the letter b in fig. 2) is as wide as the corresponding part of the other two ducts, and like them contains ova, so that there can hardly be any doubt that the duct was a functional ovi- duct, and not a short tube ending blindly internally. The specimen is deemed worthy of description, partly because of the scarcity of recorded cases of abnormality in the genitalia of the lobster, partly because the specimen was sufficiently fresh for the relations of the internal parts to be ascertained, and partly because, as I have urged before T, it behoves one to place on record cases of abnormality, even though as solitary instances they may be of no particular interest, in order that it may be possible for later writers to * For structure of vas deferens, see Grobben, C., Arb. Zool. Inst. Wien, i, 1878, pl. i. fig. 6; also Herrick, F. H.,“ The American Lobster,” Bull. U.S. Fish. Comm., Washington, 1895, pl. xxxvi. fig. 120. t+ Anat. Anzeiger, 1888, p. 333; and Proc. Zool. Soc, Lond. 1901, i. p. 46. On Rhopalocera from Brazil. if collate the recorded examples and gain some insight into the general principles underlying the irregularities. Since the above was written, Dr. Calman has shown me a living specimen of the edible crab, Cancer pagurus, with no oviducal aperture on the left side. All the other external features of the animal were as in the normal female. I1.—Description of a new Lemonia. By the Hon. WALreR RoruscuILp, Ph.D, Lemonia taraxaci terranea, subsp. n. This very distinct local form was taken by Dr. Jordan and myself at Le Lautaret, Hautes Alpes, in August 1908, at light. We secured nine specimens, all males. 3. Differs from L. taravaci taravaci in having all the wings brownish clay-colour instead of dull yellow. Thorax brownish orange; antennze yellow; abdomen black above, orange below. Wings below as above, only paler; fringe orange-buff. Some specimens are also paler above than the type, with the costa broadly buffish. 9 864, Le Lautaret, Hautes Alpes, 2000-2300 metres, Ist-2nd August, 1908. I1I1.— The Collections of William John Burchell, D.C.L., in the Hope Department, Oxford University Museum. IV. On the Lepidoptera Rhopalocera collected by W. J. Burchell in Brazil, 1825-1830. By J.C. Moutron, of Magdalen College, Oxford. [Continued from ser. 8, vol. ii. p. 195. | VI. Nyupxarinz (continued). Eubagis (Dynamine) agacles, Dalm. Bz. 581. I, (21.10. 25]. = 836. MinasGeraés. “Pap[elio]. In a rossa at Discoberto, and along a channel (on tie margin of the forest) which conducts water to the house.” 10s 255 = 837.. Minas Geraés. Bz. 24. 3. 27. = 838. ‘“ Pascuis prope sylvulis.” On road W. beyond Praéga da Alegria. Vicinity of 8. Paulo. 8 Mr. J. C. Moulton on the Rhopalocera Under this date in Westwood’s list is written the word * Pascuis.”’ 27. 4.27. = 839. 5S. Paulo. Bz. 27. 4. 27. = 840. 5S: Paulo. 9.5.27. = 841. Near the Convénto da Luz. S. Paulo. 26. 8.27. = 842. R. Pardo to Cubatéo. (As 731.) A label on this specimen bears Westwood’s number ‘“Nymp. 79,” and the following note in his hand- writing :—“ Hub. cenus, 9 vel var.” 24.10. 27. = 843. Meiaponte to 8. Joaqtim (Joaq. Alves). Bz. a. 24. 8. 28. = 844. Retiro. “ All at the rivulet near the house at Retiro.” Between Goyaz and Jeragud. 20. 9.29. = 845. Pard. S.E. of S. Jozé.: Westwood’s list (N. 79) agrees. Eubagis (Dynamine) cenus, F. 4.11. 25. 2= 846, 847. Minas Geraés. (As 559.) bz. 11.1. 27. = 848. Cubatdo. Bz. 1. 8.27. = 849. “On the road.” Between Jundiahy and Capivary. Bz.+ 25. 8. 27. 2= 850, 851. Ollarfa to Rio Pardo. 25. 8. 27. 2= 8528, 853. As above. A label on 852 bears Westwood’s number N. 80, and the following note in his handwriting :—“ Hub. Cenus, Donov. Ins. Ind.” a. 26. 8. 27. 2= 854, 855. R.Pardoto Cubatéo. (As 734.) Westwood’s list (N. 8U) agrees. Eubagis (Dynamine) athemon, Linn. Bz. 361. I, [15. 10. 25.] = 856. Minas Geraés. “ P{a- pilio]. At the Discobérto do Antonio Velho.” 28. 10. 25. 2= 857, 858. Minas Geraés. (As 635.) No. 858 bears Westwood’s number ‘ Nymph. 78.” Westwood’s list (N. 78) agrees. Eubagis (Dynamine) tithia, Hiibn. Bz.+ 1004. I, 27. 10. 25. = 859. Minas Geraés. “P[a- pilio|. At San Joao de Nepomucéna and on the road from Discoberto.” 10. 11. 25. = 860. Minas Geraés. bz.+ a. 26. 8.27. = 861. R. Pardo to Cubatéo. (As 734.) 30. 10. 27. = 862. Sapezal to Conceicad. This specimen bears Westwood’s number N. 83. Westwood’s list (N. 83) agrees. —— collected by W. J. Burchell in Brazil. 9 Eubagis (Dynamine) glauce, Bates. a. 24. 8. 28. ¢ = 863. Retiro. “ All at the rivulet near the house at Retiro.” (As 844.) Westwood’s list (N. 98) agrees, and the number, “ Nym. 98,” is also borne by 863. This specimen is unfortunately in very bad condition, thus rendering determination rather difficult. However, on com- paring with specimens in the Godman-Salvin Collection and with Bates’s description in the ‘ Journal of Entomology,’ ii. p- 324, it seems nearly certain that the species is 2. g/auce. Hubagis (Dynamine) mylitta, Cram., = postverta, Cram. 28.10. 25. 6 = 864. Minas Geraés. (As 635.) 24,12. 25. g = 865. Rio de Janeiro. Aqueduct (on the first hill on the left). This specimen bears Westwood’s number N, 84. 31.12.25. 2? = 866. Riode Janeiro. (As 668.) 10. 1. 26. 2, 6 & 2 = 867, 868. Rio de Janeiro. Prdia Grinde and §S. Joao de Carahy. 868 bears West- wood’s number N. 82. (As 670.) Bz. 13. 3. 26. ¢ = 869. “ Aqueduct.” Rio de Janeiro. Beating. 26.- 9 = S80 “Catombi.’? Rio de Janeiro. ‘¢ Catombi, in plantis.” 22. 3.26. 9 =871. Rio de Janeiro, Along the [Carioca] Aqueduct, to the head of the Valley of Laranjeiros, Bz. 22. 3. 26. 2? =872. Rio de Janeiro. (As 871.) Bz. 3.4. 26. 6 = 873. Rio de Janeiro. “Along the Carioca Aqueduct.” z.16.3.27. @= 874. Between Morumbi and 8. Paulo. No males in the above series have the black spot at the anal angle of the hind wing (upperside), which is a charac- teristic of most of the males in the Hope Collection, especially strongly marked in two from Chapada. In the British Museum also, the majority are withoutit ; and in the Godman-falvin Collection out of a large series only a small minority have it marked—noticeably in specimens from Chapada, Corumba, Peru, and Ecuador, where it is well defined. In one specimen from Paraguay it is very strongly marked, Westwood’s list (N. 82 and N. 84) adds three more indi- viduals captured :— 12.3. 26. Riode Janeiro. ‘ Aqueduct.” (Under N. 84.) 1.4.26. Rio de Janeiro. “In the valley of Catumbi.” (Under N. 82.) 10 Mr. J. C. Moulton on the Rhopalocera 9.5.27. S. Paulo. Near the Convénto da Luz. (Under N. 82.) Eubagis (Dynamine) arene, Hiibn. 7.4, 29. 9 = 875. Porto Réal (Nacionale). 26. 5.29. ¢=876. “Silva.” Between Itabéca and Baiio. North of the falls of Guariba. Westwood’s list (N. 97) agrees, and both specimens bear this number, This species is unrepresented in the British Museum. Epicalia (Catonephile) acontius, Linn. 4,12.28. 9 = 877. Porto Redl. Walk to the Igarapé. “ Papiliones, caught in the woody campo; but the long- wing[ed] one is ‘only found in’ forests in the shade.” As yet the identity of “the long-winged one” has not been established, but as the working out of the collection progresses no doubt this will become apparent. This specimen bears Westwood’s number (N. 32), and his date agrees: in his list Westwood wrote “ Epicalia Pierretii, 9.” LEpicalia pierrettti, Dbl. & Hew., is an allied species. Epicalia (Catonephile) penthia, Hew. 8. 2. 26. ¢ = 878. Organ Mtns. (In a ride to the Cattle Pounds and the Milho Roga.) This specimen bears Westwood’s number (N. 11). a 13. 5. 26. 2 = 879, Rio de Janeiro. 3. 26. 2? = 880. aie these specimens bear Westwood’s number Ce 20). a. 29. 8. 27..¢ = 881. Cérvo. (As 527.) Westwood’s list (N. 10 and N. 11) agrees. Nica flavilla, Godt. Bz. 189. I. [8. 9. 25]. = 882. Rio de Janeiro. “Papilio. Along the Aqueduct.” 27. 1. 26. = 883. Rio de Janeiro. bz.+ 7.3.26. 2= 884, 885. Rio de Janeiro. “At Ca- tom bi.” 7. 3. 26. 2=886, 887. Rio de Janeiro. ‘ At Catombi.” 9. 3. 26. 2= 888, 889. Rio de Janeiro. A label on 889 bears Westwood’s number “ Nym. 94,” and the following note in his handwriting :—‘*Wica flavilla, God., 406, Hb. Samnl., Ex. Sch. 2” Bz. 9. 3.26. =890. Rio de Janeiro. 10. 3. 26. 3= 891-893. = collected by W. J. Burchell in Brazil. it Bz. 12.3. 26. =894. ‘“ Carioca Aqueduct”? Rio de Janeiro. Westwood’s list reads 12. 3. 25, an obvious slip, because Burchell did not land at Rio till 18. 7. 25. 16. 3. 26. = 895. Rio deJaneiro. (As 647.) 2.020. — 896. 3 “Along the Carioca Aqueduct.” 26. 8. 27. =897. R. Pardo to Cubatéo. (As 731.) This specimen bears the number N,. 12*, and is mentioned under it in Westwood’s list. It is the only specimen under that number. 21. 2. 28. = 898. Goyaz. W.N.W. beyond Forca. “ All in woods.”” Westwood’s list (N. 94 and N. 12*) agrees. Temenis laothoé, Cram., £. ariadne, Cram. 30. 10. 25. = 899. Minas Geraés. “(In the forest). On the N.E. side of the arraial of SAo Jo&io de Népomucéna.” This specimen bears Westwood’s number N. 12. 4,11. 25. = 900. Minas Geraés. (cs 559.). These two specimens are under a separate number (N. 12) in Westwood’s list. Bz.+ 25. 8. 27. =901. Ollaria to Rio Pardo. a. 29. 8. 27. 2= 902, 903. Cérvo. (As 527.) 1. 9. 27. =904. ‘On the road.” Veravinha to Frdnea [Villa Franca]. 28. 10. 27. =905. ‘‘Insylva.” S. Joaquim to Sapezal. a. 24. 8.28. =906. Retiro. “ All at the rivulet near the house at Retiro.” Between Goyaz and Jeracud. This specimen bears Westwood’s number ‘f Nym, 93.” Bz. p. 24. 8. 28. =907. Retiro. (As 514.) p- 24. 8. 28. = 908. Retiro. (As 514.) Instead of 906, 907, 908, Westwood’s list (N. 93 except for 899, 900 mentioned above) gives two specimens dated a, 24. 8. 27 and p. 24. 8. 27 (the first probably mistaken for 906, and the second for either 907 or 908). In the British Museum this insect is placed as the artadne form of laothoé; in the Godman-Salvin collection as the laothoé form of ariadne. Laothoé and ariadne were both described by Cramer in the same work, but inasmuch as ariadne appears on the later page, it would seem that laothoé should stand. Epiphile orea, Hiibn. 9, 2.26. = 909. Organ Mtns. (By the river Pacaqué.) 12 Mr. J. C. Moulton on the Rhopalocera Bz. p. 24. 8. 28. =910. Retiro. (As 514.) Westwood’s list (N. 9) agrees, and this number is borne by both specimens. Libythina cuviertt, Godt. 10. 10. 27. =911. Bomfim to Forquilho. Westwood’s list (N. 100) agrees, and his number is on this specimen. Burchell’s example is a good deal smaller than any in the British Museum series. Myscelia orsis, Drury. Bz.+ 8.11.25. g=912. “Sylvatica” ‘on the English label, “ Pap*. sylvat.” on Brazilian label. Minas Geraés. 10. 11. 25. 9 =913. Minas Geraés. 12. 3.26. 3g = 914, 915, 916. Rio de Janeiro. “ Aqueduct.” Westwood’s list gives two more of this date (under N. 14). z. 1056. [17. 3. 26]. 9 =917. Rio de Janeiro. “ Along the Carioca aqueduct, and descending the high hill (mentioned 31. 1. 26) into the Valley of Catombi.—But they were mostly along the Aqueduct; and only a few on the hill.” A further note on this date says:—“ Papiliones. These 3 species frequent the woods.” [The Satyrine butterfly Euptychia ocirrhoe, F., Ann. Mag. N. H., May 1904, p. 862, and the Nymphaline M/ysceléa orsis, Drury.] As yet it has been impossible to find out the third species here mentioned. 17. 3. 26.3 g 1 2 (920) = 918-921. Rio de Janeiro. (As above.) Westwood’s list gives altogether two specimens numbered 1056 (under N. 13 and N. 14), four with 17. 3. 26 under N. 14 and one under N. 13. 919 and 921 bear Westwood’s number N, 14. 18. 3. 26. ? = 922. Rio de Janeiro. ‘ Along the Cariéca Aqueduct.” 20. 8. 26. 9 =9238. Rio de Janeiro. “Along the Carioca Aqueduct.” This specimen bears Westwood’s number N, 13. Westwood’s list gives another specimen captured on this and the previous date. His list contains a specimen of each date under N. 13 and a similarly dated pair under N, 14. 21. 3.26. ¢ =924. Rio de Janeiro. ‘ Along the Carioca Aqueduct.” 3. 4. 26. 9 = 925. 5 ** Along the Carioca Aqueduct.” collected by W. J. Burchell in Brazil, 13 Westwood’s list gives three altogether of this date, two under N. 14 and one under N. 13. 20) Ge don 9 = 926. °° Sylva.”” ‘Santos. ““In the forest above the Monastery of S. Bento.” 26. 9.26. 9 =927. Santos. Ina walk to the Chapel on Montserrét. ‘These Papiliones very plentiful in the woods.” Westwood’s list (N. 13) includes a date, 29. 9. 26, probably an erroneous copy of 26. 9. 26, which is otherwise un- accounted for, Except for the above additions his li-t (N. 13 and N. 14) agrees. Eunica bechina, Hew. 4.12. 28. =928. Porto Redl (Nacionale). Walk to the Igarapé. ‘* Papiliones, caught in the woody campo; but the long-wing[ed] one is only found in forests in the shade.” See note on 877%. Bz.+ 28. 2.29. 9 =929. Porto Redl. This specimen bears Westwood’s number N. 15*. Westwood’s list (N. 15*) agrees. Eunica mata, F. Bz. 558. II. [19. 10. 25]. § =930. Minas Geraés. “Pa- p[ilio].” Westwood’s list gives another of this date. Bz.+ 896. V. 25. 10. 25. 4 g = 931-9384. Minas Geraé:. “Papl{itio|. At Discoberto, near Jo&io Pedro’s house.” §96. 25. 10. 25. 6 =935. Minas Geraés. One of the above without the Brazilian label. This specimen bears Westwood’s number N. 15**, 29.10. 25. 6 =986. Minas Geraés. “In the forest on the S.E. side of S. Joao de Népomucéna.” 4,11. 25. ¢=987. Minas Geraés. (As 559.) Westwood’s list (N. 15**) adds another specimen captured 10. 10. 27. Bomfim to Forquilho. He also includes the next species. His dates agree. Eunica mygdonia, Godt. 10. 4. 28. ¢ =938. Goyaz. Caminho de Carréira. (As 733.) Westwood’s date agrees. 14 Mr. J. C. Moulton on the Rhopalocera Eunica taurione, Hiibn. 7.11. 25. =939. Minas Geraés. Westwood’s list (N. 15) agrees, and his number is borne by this specimen. Eunica volumna, Godt.,=tithonia, Feld. 10. 10. 27. = 940. Bomfim to Forquilho. Westwood’s list (N. 99) agrees, and his number is on this specimen. Eunica caresa, Hew. 4.11. 25. =941. Minas Geraés, (As 559.) Westwood’s number (N. 31) is borne by this specimen, Westwood’s date (under N. 31) agrees, but he gives the name “Myselia sydonia.” A label on the specimen bears in Westwood’s handwriting :—“ Mys. Sydonia, God., 416?” Eunica margarita, Godt. 20. 6. 27. = 942. ‘ Rita.” Vicinity of S. Paulo. West- wood’s number ‘f Nym. 96” is on this specimen. Westwood’s list (N. 96) gives two specimens captured on this date. Anartia amalthea, Linn. Bz. 349. ITT. [15. 10. 25]. 2= 948, 944. Minas Geraés. “P{apilio|. (Visa quoque ad Rio de Janeiro.) At the Discobérto do Antonio Velho.” Westwood adds another of this date. Bz.+ 895. Ill, 25. 10. 25. 3= 945, 946, 947. Minas Ge- raés. ‘‘Papilio. At Discoberto, near Jofio Pedro’s house.” 14. 1. 26. 3= 948, 949, 950. Rio de Janeiro. (As 698.) 27.1. 26. =951. Rio de Janeiro. 31. 1. 26. 2= 952, 953. Rio de Janeiro. (As 474.) 9. 2. 26. = 954. Organ Mtns. (By the river Pacaqué.) 12. 2. 26. =955. Organ Mtns. Bz.+ a. 25. 2.26. = 956. “Frexaes.” OrganMtns. Bur- chell sometimes wrote ‘‘ Frexaes’”’ for “ Frechal.” a. 25. 2.26. =957. ‘* Frexaes.” Organ Mtns. See note on 956. Bz.+ 26. 2. 26. =958. Organ Mountains. Near Magé. 28. 2. 26. =959. Organ Mountains. On the Rio Magé. Westwood’s list adds another of this date. collected by W. J. Burchell in Brazil. 15 1. 3. 26. = 960. Organ Mtns. Along the River Magé, upwards to the Fazénda da Lagéa. Westwood’s list adds three more individuals captured on this date. Bz.+ 2.3.26. =961. Rio de Janeiro or Organ Mtns. Westwood’s list gives another of this date. 7. 3. 26. 2= 962, 963. Rio de Janeiro. “ At Catombf.” 10. 3. 26. = 964. Rio de Janeiro. 16. 3. 26. ¢ =965. Riode Janeiro. (As 647.) This specimen bears Westwood’s number (N. 1). 16. 3. 26. 966. Rio de Janeiro. Bz. 15. 9. 26. =967. Santos. “ Papil. at edge of the forest at S. Bento Monastery.” 19. 9. 26. = 968. Sdéntos. Westwood’s list gives two more individuals captured on this date. apeoae. 21. — 969. .Cérvo. (As 527.) 9. 1. 28. 3= 970, 971, 972. Goyaz. By the Horta ete. 4,3. 28. 5= 973-977. Goyaz. “Caught by the rio Ver- melho, near the Carioca aqueduct : by C[ongo].” Bz. 2. 2.29. =978. Porto Redl. “On the western side of the Tucantins.”’ 9, 2.29. =979. Porto Real. 6. 62-29. — 980; “in locis apertis.” Paréy Rivalet above arsenal. Form amalthea, L., in British Museum. With the exception of 980, all the above specimens are named form rocselia, Esch., in British Museum. The form amalthea seems to be more prevalent in Trinidad, Honduras, Guiana, and Bolivia. In Colombia an intermediate form exists. The difference between them is that the subapical white bar of the fore wing of f. rocselia is replaced in f. amalthea by faint and indistinct white spots. Westwood’s list (N.1) omits 969, and adds two specimens captured respectively, 8. 2. 26, Organ Mtns., and 5. 2. 29, Porto Redl. The dates otherwise agree. No date. = 981. Placed by Westwood in his list of Anartia jatrophe, Linn. Considering the obvious differences between these two species, it is, perhaps, probable that Burchell’s label has become displaced trom the original specimen. There is no A. jatrophe without a date in the collection, and there is no A. amalthea mentioned in Westwood’s list without a date. 16 Mr. J. C. Moulton on the Rhopalocera Anartia jatrophe, Linn. 10. 1. 26. 3= 982, 983, 984. Rio de Janeiro. (As 670.) 14. 1. 26. =985. RiodeJaneiro. (As 698.) 26. 1, 26. = 986.. - :; Morro de Ladéira and Catomby. (As 672.) Bz.+ 27. 1. 26. = 987. Rio de Janeiro. 31.1. 26. = 988. (As 474.) 26. 2. 26. 2= 989, 990. Organ Mtns. Near Magé. Westwood’s list gives another.of this date. 1.3. 26. = 991. (As 960.) Y. 3. 26. =992. Rio de Janeiro. 19.3. 26. — 993. ‘ “In the valley of Ca- tombi.” : Bz. 27. 3. 26. =994. Riode Janéiro. From the Village of Sio Domingos to the island of, Boa Viagem. “ On the main-land about Fort Boa Viagem.” 27. 3. 26. 3= 995, 996, 997. (As 994.) Westwood’s list gives another specimen captured on this date. On 995 his label gives both catalogue numbers (N. 5 and 54) and the name “ Anartia Jatropha, Linn.” 14. 4.27. = 998, NearS. Paulo. In the Campo beyond Béa Morte. 26.4. 27. 15= 999-1013. Vicinity of S. Paulo. 1001 bears Westwood’s label N. 5. Bz. 26. 4. 27. 2= 1014, 1015. Vicinity of S. Paulo. Westwood’s list adds three more specimens of this date. 6. 5. 27. =1016. Vicinity of 8S. Paulo. 20. 6.27. =1017. “Rita.” Vicinity of S. Paulo. 20. 6. 27. =1018. Vicinity of 8. Paulo. Bz. 20. 6.27. =1019. Vicinity of S. Paulo. Westwood’s list gives two more specimens captured on this date. 23. 6. 27. = 1020. “Rita.” Vicinity of S. Paulo. 9,1. 28. =1021. Goyaz. By the Horta, ete. 18. 1. 28. =1022. Goyaz. Rio Manoel Mines, etc. 23. 1.28. = 1028. Goyaz. 30. 4. 28. = 1024. Goyaz. Bz.4+ 29.1. 29. = 1025. Porto Real (Nagionale). “Caught on the bank of the ‘'ucantins, while measuring the base line. Bz. + 19.5. 29. =1026. Aragudy. [S. Joao da Ara- guay. | 5 haan a B:.+ 7.6.29. =1027. Sta. Anna. Rio Tocantins, be- tween Baifio and Pard. collected by W. J. Burchell in Brazil, 17 1386. 26. 6. 29. 2= 1028, 1029. Paré, near my house (Pombo roginha). Bz.+ 1386. 26. 6.29. =1030. Pardé, near my house (Pombo rocinha). Bz. kt. 7. 29, '=1081., Paré. 23. 7. 29. =1032. Pard, between my house and the City. 2A. 9, 29. ='1083.. Para. Westwood’s list adds three individuals captured 10. 2. 27, 24,4. 27, 7. 6. 27, near 8. Paulo; and one, 4. 3. 28, Goyaz. “Caught by the rio Vermelho, near the Carioca aqueduct ; by C[ongo].” Westwood had put this species under two numbers (N. 5 and N. 34), and against these he wrote the name Anartia jatrophe, and against N. 34 the additional note ‘‘ Same as N. 5.” Junonia (Precis) hiibnert, Kirb. Bz. 145. I. [16. 8. 25]. = 1084. Rio de Janeiro. “ Pa- plilio|. Above the Teresa Convent ; and on the woody hilly [hills] along the Aqueduct.” Dry-season form. 7.11. 25. = 1085. Minas Geraés. Dry season. 10, 11. 25. 2= 1086, 1037. Minas Geraés. 1086 is dry side of intermediate ; 1037 is much worn, but probably intermediate. 24.12.25. =1038. Rio de Janeiro. Aaueduct (on the first hill on the left). Dry season. Slightly inclined to intermediate. Bz+ 1. 3. 26. 2= 1039, 1040. (As 960.) 1089 is inter- mediate side of dry ; 1040 is a typical dry-season form. 1. 3.26. =1041. (As 960.) Intermediate side of dry. Bz. 15. 3. 26. = 1042. Rio de Janeiro. “Catombi, in plantis.” Intermediate. 17. 3.26. = 1043. Rio de Janeiro. (As 917.) Inter- mediate side of wet. Bz. 20. 3. 26. = 1044. Rio de Janeiro. ‘ Along the Cari- oca Aqueduct.” Wet season. 27. 38.26. = 1045. Rio de Janeiro. (As 994.) Wet season. 4, 3.27. = 1046. Morumby. E*. of the wouse. Wet season. 9.1.28. =1047. Goyaz. By the Horta, ete. Inter- mediate. 18.1. 28. = 1048. Goyaz. Rio Manoel Mines, ete. Inter- mediate, inclined to dry. Ann. & Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 8. Vol. iii. 2 18 Mr. J. C. Moulton on the Rhopalocera 4, 3. 28. =1049. Goyaz. “Caught by the rio Vermelho, near the Carioca Aqueduct, by C[ongo].” Wet season. 3.4. 28. = 1050. Goyaz. Caminho de Bacopary. Inter- mediate. 10, 4. 28. = 1051. Goyaz. Camfnho de Carréira. (As 733.) Intermediate, inclined to wet. Bz. 4.9. 28. = 1052. “Very common in the Campos.” Estiva to Fazénda séca. “ Papiliones, at a rivulet on the road.” Typical dry season. 8.11. 28. = 1058. Canga. Cérrego Raiz. “ At Corrego Raiz, drinking on the moist sand in the road where it crosses the rivulet.” Intermediate. Westwood’s list gives two specimens captured 8. 11. 28. hz. 28. 11. 28. = 1054. Porto Redl (Nacionale). Wet side of intermediate. 928. 11.28. = 1055. Porto Redl: Intermediate. . Bz.+ 1265. 1.12.28. =1056. Porto Redl. “ Papilio. This merits most decidedly the name of campestris, as it is very common in all the Campo beyond and on this side of Goyaz, but I have always found it difficult to catch them which accounts for my collection possessing so few of socommon a butterfly.” Wet season. Burchell’s ideas of an adequate series may be inferred from the fact that his collection contained twenty-six specimens (including three in Westwood’s list and now missing) at the date when he spoke of the numbers as “ so few.” Bz. 30. 12. 28. = 1057. Porto Redl. Dry, inelined to intermediate. Bz. 2. 2.29. = 1058. Porto Redl. “On the western side of the l'ucantins.” Dry season. 4316.17. 2. 29. 2= 1059, 1060. Porto Redl. ‘“ Feeding on the flowers of the Waltheria bushes ” (v. H. 8632x). See note on 663 in Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. ii. p. 183. Worn, but probably dry. 17. 2. 29. = 1061. Porto Redl. Dry to intermediate. 11. 3. 29. = 1062. Porto Redl. Dry tointermediate. This and the above are very worn. Bz,+ 28. 3.29. = 1068. Porto Redl. Wet season. 18. 12. 29. = 1064. ‘in locis apertis.” Pardé. Rivulet above Arsenal. Dry side of intermediate. This specimen bears Westwood’s number (N. 2) ; his list adds four more individuals, captured 31. 1. 26, Rio de Janeiro (as 474) ; 7.3.26, Rio de Janeiro, “ At Catombi ” ; 21. 9. 27, between Lanboso and Bomfim ; and 20. 8. 29, Pard. collected by W. J. Burchell in Brazil. 19 Pyrameis myrinna, Doubl. Bz.+ p. 25. 2. 26. = 1065. Organ Mtns. Between Frechdl and Magé. 18. 10. 26. = 1066. Séntos. In a walk from the Outeir- hinhos to the town. Westwood’s list (N. 38) makes this last date 28. 10. 26, probably a clerical error. He also places these two specimens in his list of the next species under the name of “Vanessa Huntera.” These Burchell specimens have been compared with the types of P. myrinna, Doubl., in the British Museum. Pyrameis huntera, Fabr., form brasiliensis, Moore. 10. 11. 25. = 1067. Minas Geraés. 6. 12.25. = 1068. Rio de Janeiro. On the Corcovddo Mountain. (As 667.) This specimen bears Westwood’s number N. 3. a 6.27. = 1069. Vicinity of S. Paulo. Westwood’s list (N. 3) gives two more specimens, one captured 4. 11.25, Minas Geraés (as 559), and one 20. 6. 27, S. Paulo. He names it Vanessa huntera. Mr. F. A. Heron, of the British Museum, kindly informs me that brasiliensis is the name given to the southern form of huntera, and he mentions the following chief points of difference :—in huntera there is no white in the cell of the fore wing, while in braszliensts there is usually a white patch on the discocellulars; again, in the hind wing of huntera the eye-spots are usually confluent to form a postdiscal band, while in brasiliensis the eye-spots are wel] separated, and in some cases reduced to mere points. In the latter form also there is always a strongly marked discal band in both sexes, which is hardly ever found in huntera males, and never in the females. Eurema (Hypanartia) lethe, Fabr. 9,2. 26. 2= 1070, 1071. Organ Mtns. (By the River Pacaqué.) a. 26. 8.27. =1072. R. Pardo to Cubatdo. (As 784.) This specimen bears Westwood’s number N. 4*. iBa-e a, 28. 8.27. =1073. “ At: Retiro.” - Just N. of R. Pardo. Westwood’s list (N. 4*) adds another specimen, captured a. 29. 8. 27, at Cérvo. (As 527.) Against this and the next species Westwood had written in his list the generic 2? name ‘“ Hurema. o* 20 Mr. K. Andersen on Eurema (Hypanartia) bella, Fabr. 4.11.25. =1074. Minas Geraés. (As 559.) Bz. 9. 3. 26. = 1075. Rio de Janeiro. This specimen bears Westwood’s number N. 4; his list adds another, captured 26. 11. 26 at Santos. These two species, originally placed under one number (N. 4) in a clerk’s handwriting, were differentiated by West- wood, who placed the examples of lethe under a new number (N. 4#). [To be continued. } 1V.—Notes on the Genus Acerodon, with a Synopsis of its Species and Subspecies, and Descriptions of Four new Forms. By Knupb ANDERSEN. The Genus ACERODON. Type.—P teropus jubatus, Eschscholtz. Species.—Six (nine recognizable forms), viz. A. macklott (three subspecies), gilvus, celebensis, humilis, lucifer, gubatus (two subspecies). Range—Timor group (Timor, Flores, Alor, Sumba) ; Celebes group (Celebes, Selayar); Talaut Islands; Philip- ines *, ; Differential characters.— Acerodon differs from Pteropus by the combination of the following dental characters: (1) Poste- rior basal ledge of 4, my, and m,. extending along inner base of teeth as a broad, sharply defined shelf; this character is sufficient to distinguish Acerodon from any species of Pteropus, except Pt. anetianus, which possesses a perfectly similar inner basal ledge in the same teeth, but in every other respect is closely allied to the genuinely Pteropine Pt. samoénsis: (2) a well-developed antero-internal basal cusp in p* and m} (a similar, but smaller, antero-internal cusp developed in * The range of the “ subgenus” Acerodon is stated by Matschie to be the Philippines, Gilolo, Batjan, Celebes, Flores, and Timor (Megachir. p- 99, 1899), and essentially the same distribution is given by Miller (Fam. & Gen. Bats, p. 59,1907). Gilolo and Batjan must be excluded from the known range of the genus. The records of Acerodon from the Gilolo group are based on mistaken identifications of Gray’s Pteropus caniceps and his Pteropus mackloti var. batchiana; the latter name is a synonym of the former, and Pteropus caniceps a perfectly typical Pteropus. the Genus Acerodon. 21 p of most species and in p; of A. humilis, jubatus, and lucifer) ; a corresponding cusp indicated in certain species of Pteropus, but never as well developed and sharply differen- tiated as in Acerodon: (3) molariform teeth above and below (pt, m+, 4, m1, my) rather shorter and broader, and main cusps with more trenchant edges: (4) m? rather less reduced: (5) upper incisors slenderer and more acutely pointed *.— Skull and external characters not differing.from those of Pteropus. Original description of genus.—Palmer + gives as primary reference for the genus Acerodon, Jourdan, the “ Ann. Sci. Nat., Paris, 2° sér., viii, Zool. 869-370, Dec. 1837,” and as secondary reference the ‘*Comptes Rendus, Paris, vi, 3, 1838.” To this it must be remarked, first, that these two papers give, the one exclusively, the other chiefly, F. Cuvier’s “ Rapport” and critical remarks on a memoir by Jourdan, and that therefore, really as well as formally, not Jourdan but F. Cuvier is the author of the two papers referred to by Palmer ; second, that in both of these papers the name of the present genus occurs only in its French form (Acérodon), and therefore cannot, technically, date from these papers; _ third, that prima facie it appears unlikely that F. Cuvier’s “Rapport,” which was read before the Paris Academy, should have been published earlier in the ‘Annales des Sciences Naturelles’ than in the ‘Comptes Rendus’ of the meetings of the Academy. In these circumstances I have * Some of the differential characters of Acerodon given by Miller in his highly useful ‘ Revision of the Families and Genera of Bats’ (p. 59, 1907) prove, on examination of a larger material of Pteropus and Acerodon than that studied by Miller, to be untenable. ‘Lower incisors [Miller writes] differing from those of Pteropus in the much greater con- trast in size between the inner and outer tooth of each pair.” In Acerodon 7, is in cross-section of the crown from twice to three times the bulk of 7, ; practically the same is the case in a majority of species of Pteropus, while in others (e. g. Pt. lombocensis, solitarius, samoénsis, anetianus, pselaphon, pilosus, tuberculatus) the disproportion in the size of these teeth is greater than in any Acerodon, 7, being sometimes four, five, or six times the bulk of 7,. “Canines much shortened as compared with Pteropus, the mandibular canine little exceeding the height of pm,.” There is in Pteropus every intergradation from short, stout, and distinctly recurved, to very long, slender, and nearly straight canines, “Though reduced in length the canines retain their thickness, and the cingulum is even better developed than in the related genus.” The numerous species of Pteropus show any intermediate stage from a very narrow to an exces- sively broad cingulum of the canines (the latter extreme exhibited by Pt, samoénsis, anetianus, pselaphon, pilosus, tuberculatus, insularis, pheo- cephalus) ; the cingulum of the canines is in these species of Pteropus much broader than in any Acerodon, + Index Gen. Mamm. p. 73 (1904). 92 Mr. K. Andersen on had to trace the history of Jourdan’s paper and F. Cuvier’s report, which appears to be as follows :— (1) “9 Oct. 1837 "—C. R. Ac. Sci. Paris, v. pp. 521-524. This is Jourdan’s original paper. It contains descriptions of two new genera of mammals (Heteropus and Nelomys) and five new species (LHeteropus albogularis, Nelomys brasiliensis, Halmaturus irma, Hydromys fulvogaster, and Paradoxurus philippinensis). No reference to Acerodon. Tle paper was read before the Academy on 9 Oct. 1837, and presumably published very soon after. é (2) “14 Oct. 1837”—L’Echo du Monde Savant et L’ Hermés *, iv. no. 275, p. 156. Jourdan describes ‘“ three” new genera, (Velomys (see above), Acerodon, aud Heteropus (see above). This is apparently the earliest description of the genus Acerodon t (not known to Palmer). The issue of the weekly periodical ‘ L’Echo’ in which it appeared is dated “ Samedi, 14 octobre 1837,” and was very likely published on that day. (3) “ Nov.1837” —L’Institut, v. no. 221, p.351. Reprint of no. (1), supra. (4) “2 Jan. 1838”"—C. R. Ac. Sci. Paris, vi. pp. 2-6. F. Cuviei’s “ Rapport sur un mémoire de M. Jourdan, de Lyon, concernant quelques mammiféres nouveaux.” This is Palmer’s secondary reference. Author, F. Cuvier, not Jourdan ; no quotations of Jourdan’s own words ; Acerodon * I have to thank Mr. B. B. Woodward and Mr. C. Davies Sherborn for having directed my attention to this periodical. It is not in the library of the Natural History Museum. I have seen a copy in the Bloomsbury Museum. + The chief character of Acerodon is pointed out by Jourdan in the following words: it ‘‘diflére de toutes les autres Roussettes, parce que ses molaires sont larges transversalement, presque carrées, et que celles de la machoire inférieure ont trois collines,” and as type is fixed by the author himself “1a Roussette .... qui habite ile Lugon, ainsi que les petites iles voisines.” From this there is no doubt whatever that the type of Acero- don is A, jubatus. But Jourdan makes also, in this connexion, some remarks on the “ Roussette .... rapportée de Vanicoro par MM. Quoy et Gaimard ” [i. e. “ Pteropus vanikorensis” |, the dentition of which shows, in Jourdan’s opinion, some leanings towards that of Acerodon. Here is the explanation of the fact that Lesson, the only author, between 1837 and 1896, who recognizes Acerodon as a distinct genus, includes in the genus two species, A. vanikorensis and A. jubatus (N. Tabl. R. Anim., Mamm. p. 14, 1842). LP. vanikorensis, in its original sense, is a mixture of two widely different species, the true Pt. vanikorensis (the skins described by Quoy et Gaimard), a species closely allied to Ft. tonganus, and Pt. tuberculatus (the skull described by the same authors, and erro- neously believed by them to belong to the same species as the skins), which is allied to Pt. pselaphon. Pt. vanikorensis and tuberculatus are tvpical members of the genus P’teropus. the Genus. Acerodon. 23 occurs only in the French form, “ Acérodon.” The meeting was held on 2 Jan. 1838, the “ Comptes Rendus ” presumably published a few days later *.—It appears rather strange that Cuvier’s Report on Jourdan’s paper contains remarks on Acérodon, whereas Jourdan’s original paper, as printed in the ‘Comptes Rendus ” (see no. (1), supra), has no reference to this genus. The explanation may be this: Cuvier’s remarks on Acérodon are not very favourable for its validity as a distinct genus; as Cuvier, together with Duméril, was the Academy’s “Commissaire” for zoological papers, he may (privately) have informed Jourdan of this opinion, and Jourdan therefore have withdrawn the description of Acero- don from the paper laid before the Academy, but almost simultaneously published it in the “ Echo” (no. (2), supra). But this is, of course, only conjecture. (5) After 5 Feb. 1838—Ann. Sci. Nat. (2) viii. Zool. pp. 367-374. A reprint of no. (4), supra, but with the addition, in footnotes, of quotations from Jourdan’s original paper, these quotations, taken together, amounting to a com- _ plete reprint of no. (1). This is Palmer’s primary reference, evidently because this number of the ‘Annales’ is dated December 1837; but since it contains a paper read before the Paris Academy on Feb. 5, 1838, it must have been pub- lished after this date. - Principal subdivisions of genus.—The six species of Acero- don recognized in this paper fall into two natural sections, the one confined to the Timor and Celebes groups, the other to the Talaut and Philippine Islands. The three species of the former section are more primitive, in so far as ps; is typical Pteropine, without antero-internal basal cusp; the ears are relatively longer and the colour of the fur pale above and beneath. ‘The two species inhabiting the ‘Timor group, viz. A. mackloti (Timor, Flores, Alor) and A. gilvus (Sumba), are closely related, differing chiefly in size, whereas the Celebean species (A. celebensis) is characterized by its much weaker dentition. The three species of the latter group are more specialized in having a distinct antero-internal basal cusp in p33; the ears are relatively shorter, the colour of the > fur much darker; in general aspect the coloration of these * This statement, that the “Comptes Rendus”’ of the meeting of the Paris Academy held on Jan. 2, 1838, were probably published a few days after that date, might seem to be contradicted by the fact that this number of the C. R. contains (p. 22) a table of meteorological observa- tions for every day of “janvier 1838.” But “ janvier 1838 ” is obviously a misprint for “décembre 1837” ; compare p. 184 of the same volume, in which page the true table for Jan, 1838 appears. 24 Mr. K. Andersen on species is much nearer to that of an ordinary Pteropus: head, back, and underparts dark, mantle paler. The single species of this group inhabiting the Talaut Islands (A. humilis) is easily recognizable by its small size; externally it is much like certain dark-coloured forms of Pteropus hypomelanus ; the two Philippine species (A. jubatus and lucifer) are chiefly characterized by their larger size and strikingly pale-coloured nuchal patch ; ¢nter se, they differ only in size. Synopsis of Species and Subspecies. I, Noantero-internal basal cusp in p,; ears longer than muzzle (front of eye to tip of nose) ; pale-coloured forms: back and underparts approximately mars-brown or vandyck- brown, lightened with golden bufly, head and mantle essentially buffy. (Timor and Celebes groups.) a. Dentition heavy: m', length (antero=poste- rior diameter of crown) 56-6 mm. ; skull, total length 66-72 mm. (Timor group.) a’. Larger: skull, total length 69-72 mm. ; forearm 139-156 mm. (Timor; Flores; Alor.) sae Aid's adaas oe oe See eee a’. Forearm about 139-146 mm. a*, Underside of body rather thinly sprinkled with buffy hairs. (Timor.) b*. Underside of body thickly sprinkled with buffy hairs. (Flores.)...... 6?. Forearm about 156 mm. (Alor.).... b}, Smaller: skull, total length 66 mm.; forearm 135mm, (Sumba.)........ b. Dentition much weaker: m', length 4°7-5 mm.; skull, total length 625-63 mm. (Celebs pretip): piigishs bo ws'se bre opus ire Il. A distinct antero-internal basal cusp in p, ; ears shorter than muzzle; dark-coloured forms: back and underparts seal-brown or burnt umber, more or less sprinkled with pale hairs; mantle chestnut or dark cinna- mon-rufous. (Talaut Is.; Philippines.) c. Small: forearm about 140 mm.; no buffy nuchal patch. (Talaut Is.)............ d, Large: forearm 165-205 mm.; a butty nuchal patch strongly contrasting with dark mantle and sides of neck. (Philip- pines.) c!, Forearm about 165 mm. (Panay.).... d', Forearm 182-205 mm. (Philippines pEmCTANY.)%p oc eee «|. 5 a wsino tate Loe ec’, Averaving smaller: forearm 182-198 mm. (Philippines north of Min- MEAD: ) 0... cea. '. Jalen eee ars d*, Averaging larger: forearm about 205mm. (Mindanao.) .......... 1. A. macklott. la. A. m. macklott. 1b. A. m. floresit. le. A. m. alorensis. 2. A. gilvus. 3. A. celebensis. 4. A. humilis, 5. A. lucifer. 6, A. jubatus. 6a. A. j. jubatus. 64. 4.7. mindanensis. the Genus Acerodon. 25 Acerodon mackloti alorensis, subsp. n. Skull and teeth as in A. m. mackloti and floresdi (skull of type, total length 71°38 mm.; maxillary tooth-row, c—m? 29°7 ; m’, length 5°8, breadth 4°5), but external dimensions larger : forearm 156 mm., against 139-146 in nine adult specimens of the allied forms. Colour of fur scarcely differing from that of A. m. floresit. Type. 8 ad. (ale., skull), Alor (Ombay), Lesser Sunda Islands, April 16, 1896; collected by A. Everett; B.M. 28. 3. 1.1. Acerodon gilvus, sp. n. Skull similar to that of A. mackloti, but considerably smaller: total length (type) 66 mm., against 69-72. Upper premolars and molars scarcely differing from those of A. mackloti, but lower incisors, p, p3, ps, and m,, distinctly smaller. Forearm (type) 135 mm., against 139-156 in A. mackloti. General style of colour as in A. mackloti, but back conspicuously paler, light cream-buffy, with the Prout’s- brown or vandyck-brown bases of the hairs perfectly con- cealed on back, slightly showing through on rump. Type. g§ ad. (skin, skull), Waingapo, Sumba, Lesser Sunda Islands, Sept. 1896; collected by A. Everett; B.M. Pores os 19: Acerodon humilis, Sp. 0. Allied to A. jubatus, with which it accords in the characters of the teeth (a distinct antero-internal basal cusp in p;), the size of the ears (shorter than muzzle), and general colour of the fur of the body and mantle, but much smaller, and without buffy nuchal patch. Forearm about 140 mm. Hab. Talaut Islands. Back and rump nearly seal-brown, sprinkled all over with broccoli-brown hairs, producing the general effect of a very dark shade of hair-brown. Lreast, belly, and flanks essen- tially like back, but pale hairs more buffy hair-brown. Mantle, sides of neck, and foreneck dark russet, slightly paler on foreneck than on nape, forming a complete collar round neck and narrowly encircling base of ears; base of hairs nearly seal-brown. Occiput, crown, interocular space, and sides of muzzle essentially similar to back ; temporal region, chin, and throat blackish seal-brown, mixed with a few silvery-whitish and buffy hairs. Type. % ad. (skin, skull), Lirong, Talaut Islands, March 26 Mr. K. Andersen on 1897 ; collected by John Waterstradt; presented by the Hon. W. Rothschild; B.M. 8. 7. 26. 6. Acerodon jubatus, Eschsch. Specimens examined.—Nineteen from the collections of the Berlin, U.S. National, and British Museums, viz. :—Luzon, ten, including the two cotypes of Pt. pyrrhocephalus (Berlin Museum, nos. 340, 341, g¢ ad., 2 ad., mounted, skulls separate, that of 340 (marked 7202) being the original of Meyen’s skull figures, U. s. c.); ‘ Philippines” (probably Luzon), two; Leyte, three, topotypes of Pt. auri-nuchalis ; Negros, two; Dinagat, one; Mindanao, one. Remarks.—An examination of the above material has satisfied me that the Philippine Islands are inhabited by two races of A. jubatus, the one distributed over all the islands from Luzon southward to Dinagat (specimens examined from Luzon, Leyte, Negros, Dinagat), the other confined to Mindanao. The Mindanao race differs from typical jubatus only by its larger average size. There is no tangible differ- ence in the colour of the fur of the two races. Such variations in colour as do occur (more blackish or more dark brownish tinge of back, greater or lesser amount of pale sprinkling of underparts, blackish or chocolate tinge of foreneck, more cream-buffy or yellowish-buffy or oclhraceous-buffy colour of nuchal patch) are perfectly individual, independent of sex, age, and locality; practically all colour-variations are repre- sented in the series of ten specimens from Luzon. The subjoined tables (pp. 27-29) give a summary of the measurements of the series of specimens. According to the above, the two races of A. jubatus would have to stand as follows :— Acerodon jubatus jubatus, Eschsch. 1831. Pteropus jubatus, Eschscholtz, Zool. Atl. pt.iv. p. 1, pl. xvi. (animal, incisors, and canines) (Manila). 1888. Pteropus pyrrhocephalus, Meyen, N. Act. Acad. Ces. Leop.-Car. xvi. pt. 2, p. 604, pl. xlv. (animal), pl. xlvi. figs. 1, 2, 3 (skull, teeth) Manila). 1896. Pteropus auri-nuchalis, Elliot, Field Col. Mus. Publ., Zool. i. p. 77, pl. xii. (skull) (Leyte). Forearm about 182-198 mm., lower leg 86-94. Hab. Philippines, north of Mindanao. Acerodon jubatus mindanensis, subsp. un. Averaging larger: forearm about 205 mm., lower leg 96. Hab. Mindanao. Type. & ad. (skin, skull), Mindanao; collected by Dr. J. B. Steere; B.M. 76. 10. 4. 1. 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GOL 8-01 6 Ul OL [T&G | ws80F prlo#Mxo;dosow Jo yypuoxsy S tL LI GEL él $I GEL GEL GOL pts aypBeriq [vyTqto107U7 re ine GOL o-6 G8 GOL 13 G6 8 Tore ss ss YIPBolg [BI1q10}80q R SI BCT 2S sever *@-L1 *2-CT LT GT |'* Ayypeusezxe ‘souruvo ssotoe YYpoIg o ne * 81 G8. . SOL 61 81 G8lL ASS) i ha Ss ie wal a bl gn peuduyoe’ | = G96 8-FG GG GPG 16 GG 9G Ggs | Ayywudeyxe ‘ww sso108 YYpPBoIg] oaticnaw oy nal 65 AS NY Letra ON” OME AILO! say. sich ie ave ay 4b) ts) glean Shei dbonet chives 2 =) '2r aya 65 LITERATURE REFERRED TO. Batuer, F. A.—Novy., 1907. Echinocrinus versus Archeocidaris. Ann, Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) xx. pp. 452-456. BaTHeErR, F. A.—March, 1908. The Echinoid Name Cidaris and its Modern Application. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) i. pp. 284-288. Batuer, F. A.—July, 1908. The Genotype of Cidaris. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) ii. pp. 184-136. BaTuHER, F, A.—(Jn the press.) The Triassic Echinoderms of Bakony. Resultate der wissenschaftl. Erforschung des Balatonsees, i. Bd., i. Th., Pal. Anh. circa 250 pp., 17 pls. Crark, H. Lyman.—Dec., 1907. The Cidaride. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard, li. No. 7. A French translation by P. Thiéry: Oct. 1908, Bull. Soe. Sci. Nat. Haute-Marne, v. No. 22. Desor, E.—1855-8,—Synopsis des Echinides fossiles. 8vo. Paris & Wiesbaden. [Precise dates of the several fascicules will be given in the “Index” that I hope to publish soon. ] DOoEDERLEIN, L..—1887. Die Japanischen Seeigel. I. 4to. Stuttgart. DoEDERLEIN, L.—Noy., 1906. Die Echinoiden der deutschen Tiefsee- Expedition. Wiss. Ergeb. D. Tiefsee-Exped. v. Lief. 2. Ge1nitz, H. B—April, 1848. Die Versteinerungen des deutschen Zechsteingebirges. iv+26 pp., 8 pls. Being Heft 1 of Geinitz & Gutbier ‘Die Versteinerungen des Zechsteingebirges und Rothlie- genden, u. s. w.’ 4to. Dresden und Leipzig. Grinitz, H. B.—1861. Dyas, oder die Zechsteinformation und das Rothliegende. Heft I. Die animalischen Ueberreste, u. s. w. xvili+ 130 pp., 23 pls. 4to. Leipzig. Gerinitz, H. B.—1866 | 1867]. Carbonformation und Dyas in Nebraska. Nova Acta Acad. Leop.-Car, xxxili. No. 4, x1i+92 pp., 5 pls. GreGory, J. W.—Feb., 1908. The Name Archeocidaris. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) i. p. 208. Hai, Jamrs.—1867. Contributions to Paleontology. Regents’ Rep. N.Y. State Cab. Nat. Hist. xx. Section L. Revised edit. 1870. Hesse, E. K.—1900. Die Mikrostructur der fossilen Echinoideen- stacheln. N. Jahrb. Mineral., Beil.-Bd. xiii. pp. 185-264, pls. xii., xiii. Howsgz, R.—Jan., 1857. Notes on the Permian System of the Counties of eee and Northumberland. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (2) xix. pp. 33-52. Howse, R.—[{1857.] Note on the Right of Priority. 8vo. [North Shields. | 44 Mr. F. A. Bather on Eocidaris and Kine, W.—Aug., 1848. A Catalogue of the Organic Remains of the Permien [sic] Rocks of Northumberland and Durham, 8vo. 16 pp. Newcastle-upon-Tyne. Kine, W.—1850. A Monograph of the Permian Fossils of England. Paleont. Soc. vol. for 1849. Kiem, Mary J.—1904. A Revision of the Paleozoic Palsechinoidea. Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis, xiv, pp. 1-98, pls. i—v. Kuripstetn, A. von.—1843. Beitr. z. geol. Kenntniss der éstlichen Alpen. 4to. Giessen. Koxescu, K.—1887. Ueber Locidaris keyserlingiGein. Jena. Zeitschr. Xx. pp. 639-665, pl. xxxviii. Konincx, L. G. pz.—1863. Descriptions of some Fossils from India. Quart. J. Geol. Soc. xix. pp. 1-19, pls. i.—viii. LamBert, J.—April, 1899. Beas of] Die Echinodermen des deutschen Zechsteins, von E, Spandel. Rey. Crit. paleozool. iii. . 82, 83. eas J.—1900. Etude sur quelques Echinides de ]’Infra-Lias et du Lias. Bull. Soc. Sci. Yonne, liii. 1° semest. pt. 2, pp. 3-57, pl.i. tabb, A&B. | ; Lovin, S.—1875. Etudes sur les Echinoidées. Svenska Vet.-Akad. Handl. xi. No. 7. Mitter, 8. A.—Aug., 1891. Paleontology. Advancesheets, 17th Rep. Geol. Surv. Indiana. Pomex, A.—1883. Classification Méthodique...des Echinides. Thesis, Fac. Sci. Paris. 8vo. Alger. [For details see Zool. Rec., Echinoderma, 1898 & 1899. ] QuenstepDT, F, A.—1872-5. Petrefactenkunde Deutschlands, Bd. iii. Echiniden. 8vo & 4to Atlas. Tiibingen. SanpBERGER, G. & F.—1855. Versteinerungen des rheinischen Schichtensystems in Nassau. 4to, Wiesbaden. [This work appeared in Lieferungen from 1849 to March 1856, Sheet 48, to which reference is made, was published after the spring and before December of 1855. | Scuavurotu, K. von.—Ein Beitrag zur Fauna des deutschen Zechstein- gebirges. Sitz.-Ber. Akad. Wiss. Wien, math.-nat, Classe, xi. pp. 147-210, 1 pl. SPaANDEL, E.—1898. Die Echinodermen des deutschen Zechsteins. Abh. nat. Ges. Niirnberg, xi. pp. 17-45 & 48, 49, pls. xii., xiii. Tornaquist, A.—1896. Beitrag zur Kenntniss von