faedad se ah 7 Ghai taiaise ‘i ie 4. cabs 4 4. pa3s ps5 diet Hathet Sr he 4644 be Ht Hat bah odds ae WIT eee tala el abet HRRSRSSR ASS ee x S : ernrpar oes }. RAS : SASS ~ : = SSR SSS SESS : = ==. Soo : : y = RESERV S ESE: 4 ‘3 Sa ws Per i iy iH i i 57) is Hy SPIRE BU i 3 3t iB TN Sa = 7 Ui rye hats ayetsrpy Oitisaia1 ass Mena ru} ay Sy tgenh (13) La) N5)34) tasty TES ns oe Sats: per ne ~ an FSS ET STREET PT SNS darts ae ty ha = THE ANNALS AND MAGAZINE OF NATURAL HISTORY, INCLUDING ZOOLOGY, BOTANY, ann GEOLOGY. (BEING A CONTINUATION OF THE ‘ANNALS’ COMBINED WITH LOUDON AND CHARLESWORTH ’S ‘ MAGAZINE OF NATURAL HISTORY.’ ) CONDUCTED BY WILLIAM CARRUTHERS, Ph.D., F.R.S., F.L.S., F.G.S., ARTHUR KE. SHIPLEY, M.A., Sc.D., F.R.S., F.ZS., AND WILLIAM FRANCIS, F.1..S. — ees ts VOL. XIX.—EIGHTH SERIES. WPA PPD APP III IIS OOS ee \? aye | fo LONDON: ke PRINTED AND PUBLISHED BY TAYLOR AND FRANCIS. SOLD BY SIMPKIN, MARSHALL, HAMILTON, KENT, AND CO., LD.; BAILLIERE, PARIS: AND HODGES, FIGGIS, AND CO., DUBLIN. EOE? “Omnes res create sunt divine sapientix et potentia testes, divitia felicitatis human :—ex harum usu donitas Creatoris; ex pulchritudine sapientia Domini; ex cconomia in conservatione, proportione, renovatione, potentia majestatis elucet. Earum itaque indagatio ab hominibus sibi relictis semper estimata ; a veré eruditis et sapientibus semper exculta; malé doctis et barbaris semper inimica fuit.”—Linnaus. “ Quel que soit le principe de la vie animale, il ne faut qu’ouvrir les yeux pour voir qu'elle est le chef-d’ceuvre de la Toute-puissance, et le but auquel se rappor- tent toutes ses opérations.”’—Bruckner, Théorie du Systéme Animal, Leyden, 1767. ous Awhile, (6 Seryn, 5), 6 ye) LOIS] Van powers Obey our summons; from their deepest dells The Dryads come, and throw their garlands wild And odorous branches at our feet; the Nymphs That press with nimble step the mountain-thyme And purple heath-flower come not empty-handed, But scatter round ten thousand forms minute Of velvet moss or lichen, torn from rock Or rifted oak or cavern deep: the Naiads too Quit their loved native stream, from whose smooth face They crop the lily, and each sedge and rush That drinks the rippling tide: the frozen poles, Where peril waits the bold adventurer’s tread, The burning sands of Borneo and Cayenne, All, all to us unlock their secret stores And pay their cheerful tribute. J. Taytor, Norwich, 1818. / ALERE @ FLAMMAM. CONTENTS OF VOL, XIX. (EIGHTH SERIES, ] NUMBER 109. Page I. Corylophide [Coleoptera] from the Seychelles and Rangoon. By Huex Scort, M.A., F.L.S., Curator in Entomology in the University of Cambridge. (Plates 1—V.) ............20eeeeeee 1 If. Notes on Exotic Chloropide. By C.G. Lamp, M.A., B.Sc., END he Ot Oe Oe eee ern ee ea 33 IIT. Some Systematic Notes on Melolonthine Coleoptera. By Ae AP EROW 6 ooo 6 eaten ope fede os doin usin ez > pees 3% 59 IV. Descriptions of New Tyralide of the Subfamilies Zpi- paschiane, Chrysaugine, Endotrichine, and Pyraline. By Sir Beocem hl, Hampson Bart. 0Z.5., SC. seis cidlas eles see esas 65 V. The Homoptera of Indo-China. By W.L. DisTant........ 100 VI. Notes on Fossorial Hymenoptera.—X XV. On new Sphecoidea in the British Museum. By Row.anp E. Turner, F.Z.S., F.E.S, 104 VIS. On the External Characters of the Felide. By R. I. Pocock, F.R.S., Superintendent of the Zoological Society’s Gardens. 113 VIII. On some new Mites of the Suborder Prostigmata living on Dagaeds, By STANEEY HIRST 1. ow fet ee ee tee cece nace 136 IX. Cassidine and Bruchide [Coleoptera] from the Seychelles Islands and Aldabra. By S. Mauvix, B.A. (Cantab.)............ 144 lv CONTENTS. Page X. Notes on Fossorial Hymenoptera—XXVI. On the Genus Homonotus, Dahlb. By Rowtanp E. Turner, F.ZS., PLES. .... 147 XI. Notes on the Species of the Genus Cavia. By OLpFIELD THOMAS «+ ease 2ue DA ES AOE REPENS hoe eee 152 NUMBER 110. XII. Coleoptera, Heteromera (excluding Tenebrionide) from the Seychelles Islands and Aldabra. By George CHARLES CHAMPION, : FZ8.+{ Plate Vij oii. Jinckn teense eaeee Linea: cae 161 XIII. On new Species of Indian Curculionide.—Part I. By Guy A. K. Manssarix, D.Sc. «0c. ccs ase ee oe er 188 XIV. A Revision of the Clupeid Fishes of the Genus Pellonula and of Related Genera in the Rivers of Africa. By C. Tate FiBGAN, MAS eis a'ed eet on oe hanes ® apne hee ee lee Seer 198 XV. New Species of Tabanide from Australia and the Fiji Islands: By Greraube RICARDO . ... ceases 6 3 use de> ep eb ee 207 XVI: New Species of Hematopota from India. By GERTRUDE BARCARIOO.. ~ 5s a Ke pd 4,4 ake MED oi b wlegare, U6 See ieee ae Be 225 XVII. The Fishes of the Genus Clupea. By C. Tare Recan, ER aris eu iakibGo cvs whe cee cues ths on Bn eh 6 on eer ee 226 XVIII. Barnacles from the Hull of the ‘Terra Nova’: a Note. By L. A. BorraDaILe Proceedings of the Geological Society.........se0seeeeeauee 280, 231 NUMBER 111. XIX. Notes from the Gatty Marine Laboratory, St. Andrews.— No. XL. By Prof. M‘Inrosu, M.D., LL.D., F.R.S., &c., Gatty Marine Laboratory, University, St. Andrews. (Plates VII.—XII.) . 233 XX. Notes on Exotic Helomyzide, Sciomyzide, and Psilide. By C. G. Lams, M.A., B.Sc., Clare College, Cambridge CONTENTS. Vv . Page XXI. Further Notes on the New Zealand Amphipod Hyale grenfelli, Chilton. By Cuas. Curiton, M.A., D.Sc., M.B., C.M., LL.D., C.M.Z.S., Professor of Biology, Canterbury College, New CSAC eet RM etaa eo aire sie eda id d'etat e'« sie i's, ae oye es 273 XXII. Descriptions of new Lizards of the Family Lacertide. By Pe OLE 7 TURTLE LIE ahs RI Pi ota Ga 277 XXIII. A new Bat of the Genus Scotecus. By OLpFIELD nea int WT Tw coala'e) Sor e)e! Gaeta dv wee He be hedge ds 280 XXIV. A new Species of Aconemys from Southern Chili. MPR PIEFIDENER Te SEEUCY RUA 8 6 di5.5. 45 where cise eons 2 Gn oe Sees Bee wiles 281 XXV. Descriptions and Records of Bees.—LXXIV. By T. D. A. Cockrnnnn, University of Colorado ............ccesecsonseees 282 New Book :—Catalogue of the Lepidoptera Phalenz. Supplement, Clg ges el Bar ante aU 0d SR la ee an a a 291 Proceedings of the Geological Society ............0seeeees 291—295 NUMBER 112, XXVI. A Revision of the Clupeoid Fishes of the Genera Promo- lobus, Brevoortia and Dorosoma, and their Allies. By C. TatE SPIEL DLE os pM ie SA bat ornare eit an ea ee 297 XXVIII. Notes on Fossorial Hymenoptera—XXVII. On new Species in the British Museum. By Rowianp E. Turner, F.Z.5,, lesa. pel Ee i RARE iP 317 XXVIII. A new Tuberculate Terrestrial Isopod from New Zealand. .By Cuas. Cuitton, M.A., D.Se., M.B., C.M., LL.D., C.M.Z.S., Professor of Biology, Canterbury College, New Zealand. ea Ma) era ab ateii tie piel a sis nlc a\sicle co.o0 8c aes i yess ams 527 XXIX. South-African Talitride. By the Rey. Toomas R. R. PE Mc kv iss die ext eee tose cevransenewoans 330 vi CONTENTS. Page XXX. New Species of Indo-Malayan Lepidoptera. By Colonel GC; Swastson, Mak., BLS, 7, ob. akee rahe beh pe bee 38381 XXXI. The Lemurs of the Hapalemur Group. By R. 1. Pocock, SR eS AE EOE ee eee RESET ES Re cr 543 XXXII. Some Notes on Three-toed Sloths. By O.prixip HOMAS §*.SWieo ven’: fons seas Chew eae ke o> a 4s heats ladon 852 Proceedings of the Geological Society. ..........0.eccee eens 357, 359 NUMBER 115. XXXII. Descriptions of New Pyralide of the Subfamilies Hydrocampine, Scopariane, &e. By Sir Guorcr F, Hampson, Wa hs Bers, MGs oy ohn a GME Ss See 892 OP he eee ee 361 XXXIV. A Revision of the Clupeid Fishes of the Genera Sardi- nella, Harengula, &. By C. TatE Reean, M.A. ...........4.. 377 XXXV. On new Weevils of the Genus Mecysmoderes from India, By Gov A. K. Mansnatn, DSc.) 0.6 2.5 Ses 02s ones ae > 395 XXXVI. Occurrence of a Holothurian new to the Fauna of Bernads.” By W: 5. CnRozier | i... oss ockackssenee ve Cage SoRe 405 XXXVII. Descriptions of a new Lizard and two new Frogs discovered in West Africa by Dr. H. G. I. Spurreli. By G. A. SODLENGER, ERD: ais 0s ois wie 02 «010.010 eee 9 le OER ee ene 407 XXXVIII. New Species of Indo-Malayan Lepidoptera. By Colonel C, Swinsok, M.A., F.L.S., &e......,.0-+05 Cis.» aun 409 XXXIX. Notes on Myriapoda.—V. On Cylindroiulus (Leucotulus) nitidus (Verhoeff), By Hirpa K. Brapxr, M.Sc, L.R.C.P., M.R.C.S., and the Rev. 8. Granam Birks, M.Sc. ......... Fs ee ee CONTENTS. vil NUMBER 114. : Page XL. Notes on Collembola.—Part 4. The Classification of the Collembola; with a List of Genera known to occur in the British Isles. By Jonn W. SuHorsotuam, N.D.A., Berkhampsted, Herts. 425 XLL Notes on Fossorial Hymenoptera. — XXVIII. On new Ethiopian Species of Bembex in the British Museum. By RowLanp Be fyanen, 7.5.5 FES cence es eee eas aaa o Tatae an wa 436 XLII. On Fabricius’s Types of Odonata in the British Museum (Natural History), By Hersperr Campion XLII. A new Vole from Palestine. By OtpFreLp THomas .. 450 XLIV. On the small Hamsters that have been referred to Cri- cetulus pheus and campbell. By OLDFIELD THOMAS............ 452 XLV. Descriptions of New Pyralide@ of the Subfamilies Hydro- camping, Scopariane, &c. By Sir Georce F,. Hampson, Bart., LOPS fa AOE eee AeA ee ee 457 XLVI. Descriptions and Records of Bees —LXXV. ByT.D. A. Cockmerert, University of Colorado ........0.00020ceeeceecceess 473 XLVII. The Khapra Beetle (Trogoderma khapra, sp. n.), an Indian Grain-pest. By GirBert J. ARRow Proceedings of the Geological Society Notice to the Zoological Profession of a Possible Suspension of the International Rules of Zoological Nomenclature in the Cases of Musca, Linneeus, 1758, and Calliphora, Desyoidy, 1830 .... 484 PLATES IN VOL. XIX. PxratTe I. } II. | III. rCorylophid beetles. LY: v.| VI. Heteromerous Coleoptera from the Seychelles and Aldabra. VII.) VILL. | IX. X. XI. xi. J XIU. Cubaris milleri, sp. n. Wes and muscular systems of Owenia and Myriochele. ERRATUM. Page 330, line 14, for 1913. Talitriator, Matthews, P. Z.8. Lond. p. 109, read Yalitriator, Methuen, P, Z. 8. Lond. p. 109. THE ANNALS AND MAGAZINE OF NATURAL HISTORY. [EIGHTH SERIES.] seer enna ceacanera per litora spargite muscum, Naiades, et circiim vitreos considite fontes: Pollice virgineo teneros hic carpite flores: Floribus et pictum, dive, replete canistrum. At vos, o Nymphe Craterides, ite sub andas; Ite, recurvato variata corallia truneo Vellite muscosis e rupibus, et mihi eonchas Ferte, Dez pelagi. et pingui conchylia suceo.” NV. Parthenii Giannettasi, Ecol. i, No. 109. JANUARY 1917. Ii.—Corylophide [ Coleoptera] from the Seychelles and Ran- goon. By Hueu Scorr, M.A., F.L.S., Curator in Ento- mology in the University of Cambridge. {Plates I.-V.] THE main purpose of this paper is to give an account of the Corylophid beetles obtained by the Percy Sladen Trust Expe- dition of 1905 and 1908-9 in the Seychelles and other islands of the Western Indian Ocean. But I have also included certain forms taken at Rangoonin 1911. ‘The actual sources of these two sets of material may be considered separately, as follows :— (A) Rancoon.—The specimens were collected from a nest of Munia striata, a bird belonging to the Ploceide or weaver- birds, on Oct. 9th, 1911, by ie H. H. Marshall, M.O.H., and ~ sent by him in alcohol to Professor G. H. F. Nuttall at the Quick Laboratory, Cambridge. - Professor Nuttall kindly handed over the Coleoptera to me. They consist of three species of Cory amely, Arthrolips flavicollis, Matthews, Orthoperus munie, sp. n., and Orthoperus sp. indet., as well as a single example of an undetermined Ann. & Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 8. Vol. xix. E 2 Mr. H. Scott on Corylophide from the Cnenjid which seems closely allied to Si7vanus longicornis, Grouvelle, a form known from Singapore. In addition to Coleoptera, the tube contained some Lepidopterous larvee, a spider (Scytodes sp.), and some Gammasid mites, all from the same bird’s-nest. I do not know of other recorded cases of Corylophide being found in birds’-nests, but I have myself taken a specimen of Orthoperus from a blackbird’s or thrash’s nest of the preceding yearat Henley-on-Thames, 25. iii. 1910. (B) Seycuertes Is_tanps.—It was intended that all results of the Perey Sladen Trust Expedition should appear together in one publication, but circumstances have rendered tis impossible. The work in question consists of certain special volumes of Trans. Linn. Soc. London, five of which are already complete (ser. 2, Zool., vols. xii.—xvi.), while a sixth is in progress: these contain, infer alia, a number of reports on insects. In the present paper much the same plan is followed as in my two previous articles on certain groups of Seychelles Coleoptera (op. cit. vol. xv. p. 215, 1912 5 vol. xvi. p. 193, 1913). No Corylophide have been recorded from these islands before. ‘hose dealt with here amount to twelve species, ten of which are described as new (see below, under ‘‘ determina- tion of species”), while one is undetermined and one is referred to a previously described species. They belong to eight genera, one of which is described as new. The series may be briefly analyzed thus:—Sucdum, 4 spp. n.; Arthro- liys, 1 sp. n., 1 sp. indet.; Meioderus, 1 sp. n. ; Sericoderus (Anisomeristes), 1 sp. n.; Dauhania, g. n., 1 sp. n.; Lew- isium, 1 sp. n.; Rhypobius, 1 sp. n. 3 Orthoperus, 1 sp. (previously known). Disiribution.—One species, Rhypobius aquilinus, was found only on a coralline island of the Amirantes Group. The other eleven were all taken by the writer in the mountainous eranitic islands of the Seychelles proper. Six of these were found exclusively in the island of Silhouette, which was visited only during the drier months of August and September ; one was only obtained in Long Island, a small cultivated islet near Mahé, in July, also one of the drier months ; the remaining four, including the new genus Daubania, were taken in two or more of the larger islands, and in both the drier and wetter seasons. Two species are represented by single specimens, two (Sericoderus and Lewisium) by big series of over 50 and of nearly 200 respectively, the remainder by series of from 3 to 15 examples. They were all preserved dry. Seven kinds were obtained only at high elevations, in the Seychelles and Rangoon. 3 endemic forests; one (Arthrolips insule-longe), as stated above, only onacultivated islet. Of the remainder, Daubania (gen. nov.) oceurred in the high forests and at more moderate elevations, while the two most abundant forms (Seriécoderus and Lewitstum) seemed generally distributed from the culti- vated country up into the endemic woods at high altitudes. Most of the material was collected somewhat promiscuously, by general sweeping and beating of vegetation, but in some cases I have exact records of the manner in which specimens were taken. Thus some of the Sericoderus and of thie Lewisium were swept from long grass, and most of the Sactum picaultianum were beaten from dead palm-leaves, a very fruitful source of beetle-life. Two individuals of the Lewisium were found in a fallen branch containing an ant’s nest (see p. 24), though whether their presence was acci- dental or intentional I cannot say. A ffinities.—The world-fauna of creatures so minute as Corylophidz must be at present but very imperfectly known, therefore it is not profitable to discuss at length the affinities of the Seychelles series. Moreover, having regard to the highly peculiar nature of the endemic vegetation, and to the large number of peculiar insects and other animals existing _ there, it is probable that some at least of the species herein * described will prove to be absolutely confined to these islands. But such indications of affinities as exist may be briefly con- sidered for what they are worth. The only form referred to a previously described species is Orthoperus minutissimus, Matth., hitherto recorded from S. America and W. Indies. The new genus Daubania is allied to Oligarthrum, known only from §. America, and to Corylophus, widely distributed in Europe and Asia. Adeio- derus was previously recorded only from Japan, Lewis/um from Ceylon and Japan. The other genera are known from all parts of the world. The Corylophid fauna of Madagascar appears to be very little known. ‘The only species included in Alluaud’s ‘ Liste des Ingectes Coléoptéres de la Région Malgache P= (yp. 105) is Sactum monstrosum (Schaufuss) f, which, from its descrip- tion, seems quite unlike any of the Seychelles forms. Matthews describes his Sacium bifasciatum (Mon. p. 54) from Madagascar, and this is a little like my Sactum p:caulti- anum. I have found no further records of Corylophide * Vol. xxi. of Grandidier’s ‘ Histoire Physique, Naturelle, et Politique de Madagascar,’ Paris, 1900. , + =Clypeaster monstrosus, Schavfuss, Tijdschr. Ent. xxxiv. 1891, p. 2; Matthews, Mon. Corylophide, p. 217. ii 4 Mr. H. Scott on Corylophidx from the from Madagasear in the subsequent literature. Reitter’s (1908) descriptions of E. African species have been studied, but without seeing specimens it is hard to pronounce on their relationships with those of the Seychelles. In comparing the latter with forms in Matthews’s collection, I have several times found that the nearest to the Seychelles species are Oriental forms, from Ceylon, Japan, &e. (ef. the distribution of the genera Meioderus and Lewisitum, mentioned above), but the resemblance is not generally very close. However, if these apparent indications of Oriental affinities should prove genuine, this would only tally with what has been found so strongly marked in certain other groups of Seychelles insects. On the whole, the Seychellean forms are very minute, even for Corylophide. In comparing, I have been repeatedly struck with their small size in relation to their congeners. SrrucTure.—Various anatomical points are dealt with under the headings of particular genera and species. Thus secondary sexual characters have come to light in Rhypobius and Orthoperus, and differential specific characters in the form of antenne and mouth-parts in certain species of Sacium, Sericoderus, and Lewisitum—in Sacium also in the form of the prosternum. Attention is called to the presence of diverging metasternal strize in Orthoperus. The condition of the hind wings-is stated, so far as it has been examined, in the case of each particular species. I follow Matthews in using the term “ample” to denote that the wings are not reduced, vestigial, or absent, but much longer than the elytra, under which they are folded. It appears that they are ample in ten out of the fifteen species dealt with below, the remaining five being :—Arthrolips sp. indet., wings present but could not be examined ; Arthro- lips flavicollis, Matth., Orthoperus minutissimus, Matth., and Orthoperus sp. indet., wings not examined ; Lhypobius aqut- linus, sp. n., wings present and longer than the elytra in the 3, but seemingly quite absent in the 2. This last case is interesting, exhibiting a sexual difference in the wing- development. The genus Rhypobius (= Moronillus) is said by Ganglbauer (Kat. Mitteleur. 11. pp. 278, 283-4) to have the hind wings -quite absent. Matthews makes the less general statement (Mon. pp. 172-3) that these organs are absent in the “ genotype,” J. marinus, Leconte, but says nothing of their condition in the other species. Ina pair of the European R. rujicollis (Duval) which I have examined I find no trace of hind wings ineither sex. J have not investi- gated their condition in other species of the genus. Ae \ de bree * Seychelles and Rangcon. 5 Matthews also states (Mon. pp. 109, 115) that the hind wings are either absent or small and narrow in Szricoderus and Anzsomer/stes, but in those specimens of S. (A.) seychel- lensis, sp. n., which I have dissected they are much longer than the elytra. For the rest Matthews describes them as ‘ample ” in his diagnoses of all the other genera except six, in which he either states that he had not examined them or does not mention them at all. But in the case of some genera examination of larger numbers both of species and individuals is probably required. TECHNIQUE.—Jn fixing the generic position of species L have never relied on general appearance alone, but have in all cases made balsam-preparations of antennze and mouth- arts for examination under the compound microscope.- ‘These preparations are mounted between two cover-slips, one of which is attached to a cardboard framework ; the thinness of the glass then allows of both sides of the object being viewed through a high-power objective, while the cardboard framework admits of the preparations being pinned beside the insects. Balsam-preparations appear almost essential in dealing with Corylophide, and are indispensable in describing any new genus. Measurements of length have been made with a calibrated micrometer-eyepiece. Drawings made with the aid of a drawing-apparatus. For comparison I have used the British Museum Collection, which, including Matthews’s -Collection and his balsam- preparations, is fairly complete up to the date of his ‘ Mono- graph’ (1899). Descriptions of older forms not included in the Monograph, and of all species and genera described since, have been consulted. LITERATURE.—Matthews’s ‘ Monograph of Corylophide and Spheeriidee ’ appeared in 1899, after its author’s decease. A number of species unknown to him were not included in his manuscript, but the editor of the Monograph refers to these on pp. 19-21 and p. 217. The Monograph may there- fore be taken as a fairly complete enumeration of the species up to and including 1899. The following is a list of the subsequent literature, compiled. from tiie ‘ Zoological Record,’ the nature of each work being briefly indicated. Though a catalogue of the family has co) recently appeared, this list may also be of some use :— 1900. Casry. Journ. New York Ent. Soc. viii. pp. 60-75, review of N. Amer. forms, describing several new genera and species: Bathona, g. n., Gronevus, g.n., Eutrilia, g.n. near Orthoperus, Molamba, g. u. near Sacium. 6 Mr. 1. Scott on Corylophidee from the 1900. Doprro. Ann. Mus. Genova, xl. p. 565, records Sactwm for- mosum, Matth., from Burmah, Reirrer. Wien. ent. Zeit. xix. p. 182, synonymic notes; Deutsch. ent. Zeitschr, p. 82, describes Sericoderus chobauti, sp. n., from S. France [see 1908]. 1901. Reirrer. Deutsch, ent. Zeitschr. p. 70, Orthoperus acariformis, sp. n., from West Turkestan. 1902. Rrirrer. Wien. ent. Zeit. xxi. p. 187, Orthoperus schneideri, sp. n., from Corsica. 1903. Fauvet. Rev. Ent. Franc. (Caen), xxii. pp. 289-291, three new species of Arthrolips and one of Corylophus from New Cale- donia *, Morritt. Ent. News (Philadelphia), xiv. pp. 185-138, pl. vi., metamorphosis of Corylophodes marginteollis. 1908. Reirrer, Wien. ent. Zeit. xxvii. pp. 59-638, describes a num- ber of forms from E. Africa (Homogrypinus, g. n. near Sertco- derus, and new species of Sacium, Arthrolips, Sericoderus, Cory- lophus, and Orthoperus); t. c. p. 198, synonymic notes, and sinks Sericoderus chobautt, Reitt. (1900), as a var. of S. reveluert, Reitt. Scorr. ‘Fauna Hawaiiensis,’ iii. pp. 415-8, includes description of Sacium angusticolle, sp. n. [omitted by Csiki from his Cata- logue, 1910}. 1909. Reirrer. Bull. Soc. ent. Egypte, i. (1908) p. 40, deser. Serico- derus (Anisomeristes) pecirkanus, sp. n., from Egypt. 1910. BuarcHury. Bull. Indiana Dept. Geol. i. pp. 501-506, describes Indiana species. Csixt. Rovart. Lapok. xvii. p. 28, synonymic notes and new names ; Coleopt. Catalog. (Junk & Schenkling), part 18, pp. 6— 28, catalogue of the family. 1912. Suarp and Murr. Tr. Ent. Soc. London, p. 507, ¢ genital arma- ture. 1913. Herscuxo. Wien. ent. Zeit. xxxii. p. 181, Matthewsiella, nom. nov. for Micrown. ReitrTER. Deutsche ent. Zeitschr. pp. 653-4, Sericoderistes, gen. noy. near Sericoderus, with a new species, from Turkestan. SapLBErG. Ofv. Finsk. Vetensk.-Soc. Férh. (Helsingfors), vol. ly. 1912-18, Afd. A, no. 8, p. 12, Catoptyx levantinus, sp. 0.,. Lebanon. 1914, Broun. New Zealand Institute, Bull. 1, part 3, p. 178, Sacina curtula, sp. n., New Zealand. In the following portion of this paper dates in brackets after authors’ names refer to the above list. * In this paper Fauvel also records (p. 289) Arthrolips souverhier (Montr.) from New Caledonia. This species was described by Mon- trousier from that country as one of the Heteromera, being made the type of a new genus Apelta (Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, vol. xi, 1864, p. 124), and as such it is included in the Munich Catalogue (vol. vii. p. 1972) under Tenebrionide. But Fauvel, as stated above, records it as a Cory— lophid, giving Apelta as a synonym of Arthrolips. The name souverbrer does not, however, appear to be mentioned in Csilki’s ‘Catalogue of Corylophidz ’ (1910) either as a valid species or as a synonym. " : te TT é sib RE ee ae >: Seychelles and Rangoon. 7 Types.—A first set of the material, including the types of the new genus and of all new species, will be placed in the British Museum ; a second set will be retained in the Cam- bridge University Museum. Sacium, Leconte. (Pl. 1. figs. 1-9.) Sacium, Leconte, Proc. Ac. Philad. vi. 1852, p. 142. The material includes four species from the Seychelles, all quite distinct from each other and from anything in Matthews’s coliection ; neither do the descriptions of the few species which I have not seen correspond at all with any of the Seychelles forms. Reitter (1908) has described five species from East Africa ; but after careful study of his descriptions I conclude that none of my species is identical with any of his. Structural Characters.—1n examining the Seychelles collection I have noticed certain structural differences between the species, of a kind which does not seem to have been hitherto employed. Thus, among these four species there are two distinct types of prosternum: (i.) of appreciable length in front of the coxsze and furnished with an elevated median keel (fig. 6) ; (1i.) exceedingly short in front of the cox and with no keel (tig. 3); further details are given in the specific descriptions. Matthews (Mon. P- 41) writes “ pro- sterno parvo, inter coxas elevato...,” but makes no state- ment as to specific differences in its form. Another category of characters is exhibited by the mouth- parts. A balsam-preparation was made in order to fix with certainty the generic position ofeach species. These prepara- tions exhibit slight differences in the form and relative pro- portions of such parts as the mentum and joints of the palpi, differences which are briefly mentioned in each description (cf. figs. 2, 5, 8, 9). Characters such as these are not necessary for separating the Seychelles species, which are amply distinct in other ways. But they are indicated in case they should prove useful in further studies of this large genus of minute creatures. 1. Sacium picaultianum, sp. n. 5 (PI. L. figs. 1-3.) Oblongo-ovale, supra nitidissimum, fere glabrum; piceo-nigrum, thoracis margine anteriore testaceo, elytris maculis 4 (in utroque 8 Mr. H. Scott on Corylophide from the elytro 2) rufo-flavis, corpore subtus rufo-piceo, pedibus rufo- testaceis, antennarum clavis infuscatis ; supra tote fortiter dense punctatum, thoracis basi plus minusve regulariter seriatim punc- tata; metasterno et segmento 1° abdominis subtiliter dense punctatis. Long. corp, 1:05-1:25 mm. Oblong-oval, with elytra nearly parallel-sided, not very much broader than the thorax at their widest point; upper surface very shining, with the punctures bearing such exces- sively short minute hairs (only visible under a compound microscope) that it may almost be called glabrous. Colown: thorax pitchy black, with the anterior explanate margin translucent and testaceous, the testaceous colour extending back a little on to the dise in two places, one on either side of the middle line in front ; scutellum black ; elytra pitchy black, with two reddish-yellow marks on each, the front pair of marks extending from the base to 4 the length or more, fairly widely separated from the outer margins and at the suture ; the hind pair only very narrowly separated at the suture, sometimes quite confluent across it, fairly widely separated from the apex of the elytron, each mark extending obliquely forwards from the suture nearly to the outer margin, In a few examples the spots of the front pair also are nearly confluent across the suture; and in some (possibly immature) the whole elytra are much paler, almost uniform pitchy reddish or even testaceous. Underside reddish pitchy, apex of the abdomen rufescent. Legs reddish testaceous. Clubs of antenne dark. Thorax and elytra closely and strongly punctured, the punctures separated by from once to twice their own diameter, the thorax with a basal seiies of more closely placed punctures (very distinet in the figured speci- men, but less regular in others) ; e/ytra with lateral margins reflexed and visible from directly above throughout the greater part of their length ; sutural stria present, obsolete in about the anterior 3. Wings dissected out and found to be ample. Metasternum and abdomen finely and closely punc- tured and finely pubescent; the punctuation more sparse on the postero-median part of the metasternum. Prosternum (Pl. I. fig. 3) extremely short, forming in front of each coxa a bridge so narrow that it can scarcely be seen in looking directly down on to the under surface ; there is consequently no room for a median elevated keel in front of the cox (contrast Sacium grossinianum, fig. 6). A balsam-pieparation of the mouth-parts shows that the EE Seychelles and R ingoon. g mentum (fig. 2) is narrow, pointed in front, and the terminal joints of the labial palpi slightly longer than the second. Sacium picaultianum approaches “three species which I have seen—S. bifasciatum, Matth. (Madagascar), S. guadri- maculatum, Matth. (Ceylon), and S. flaviventre, Matth. (Ceylon), Mon. pp. 53, 54. — S. bdifasciatum is slightly longer in proportion, more tapering behind, much more finely punctured, with the basal thoracic series mich ‘leas distinet, and the light marks on the elytra less sharply defined and differently arranged, S. quadrimaculatum and S. flaviventre are both larger and differently shaped in outline, having the elytra less parallel-sided and broadening out rather more behind the shoulders ; both have the dise of the thorax dark red instead of pitchy black and the marks on the elytra much smaller; moreover, the upper surface is entirely glabrous, the punctures being devoid of even such minute hairs as are present in S. picaultianum. The latter is quite distinct from anv of the three. ioc. Seychelles: Silhouette Island, 1908. Fifteen specimens. Nine were beaten from dead palm- leaves on the Mare aux Cochons plateau, over LOOO feet, 25. ix. 1908 ; five others are from the same locality, though how obtained is not recorded ; and one is from the other side of the island, near Mont Pot-d-ean. Named after Captain Lazare Picault, who commanded one _of the earliest expeditions to the Seychelles, in 1742 *. Sacium grossinianum, sp. n. (Pl. I. figs. 4-6.) Oblongo-ovale, supra sat nitidum, subtiliter dense punctatum atque pubescens, piceo-nigrum, thoracis margine anteriore late testaceo, elytris fasciis 2 transyersis rufo-fiavis, in sutura interdum an- guste interruptis ; metasterno et segmento 1° abdominis nigris, thorace subtus et segmentis posterioribus rufescentibus, pedibus antennisque rufo-flavis, harum clavis haud nigricantibus. Long. corp. 1°15 mm. Oblong-oval, with thorax rather long, its anterior margin forming a curve that narrows considerably in front, and with elytra nearly parallel-sided, but considerably broader than the thorax at their widest point ; upper surface fairly shining, covered with fine, short, decumbent, pale pubescence. * For this and other historical particulars, see J. Stanley Gardiner, “The Seychelles Archipelago,” Geographical Journal, Leb. 1907, pp. 148-174. 10 Mr. H. Scott on Corylophide from the Colour: thorax pitchy black, with front margin’ rather broadly reddish testaceous; elytra pitchy black, with two broad transverse reddish-yellow fascia#, the anterior or both of which may be narrowly interrupted by darker colour at the suture, thus almost forming four separate marks; in one example-the scutellum is ineluded in the anterior pale fascia, in another it is darker; metasternum and first abdominal segment pitehy black, posterior segments paler ; underside of thorax, legs, and antenne reddish yellow, clubs of the an- tenne not black. Zhorax and elytra closely and very finely punctured, the punctures twice their own diameter, or rather more, apart; the thorax has no distinct basal series, but an impressed fine immediately before the oo ; sutural stria present but vanishing in nearly the anterior $ ; lateral mar- gins of elytra reflexed through about 2 the eet from the shoulder, visible from directly above. Wings apparently ample, but not dissected out. Jetasternum and abdomen finely and closely punctured and pubescent. Prosternum (PI). 1. fig. 6) much longer than in Sacium picaultianum, forming in front of each coxa a bridge about half as broad in an antero-posterior direction as the dimen- sions of the coxe in the same direction, and having a sharply elevated median longitudinal keel. A balsam- reparation of the mouth-parts shows that the mentum (Pl. I. fig. 5) is broader, not pointed in front, more like Matthews’s figure (pl. i. D 6). Several species resemble this in general scheme of colour, but its pubescent surface distinguishes it in many cases, and | Bea seen none very closely similar to it. Among the other Seychelles species it is abundantly distinct “from S. picaulitanum by its pubescence, its narrower form, finer punctuation, longer prosternum, by the confluence of thie Jight marks on the elytra to form transverse fascia, &c. Loe. Seychelles: Silhouette Island. ‘lliree examples, fiom the same place as most of the pre- ceding species, the Mare aux Cochons plateau or near by, ix. 1908. Named in memory of Captain Grossin, a member. of Picault’s expedition to the Seychelles in 1742. 3. Sacium roslanianum, sp. 0. (PI. I. figs. 7 & 8.) Late ovale, supra nitidissimum, tote glabrum, modice sat dense punctatum ; piceo-nigrum, margine anteriore thoracis late pallide testaceo, elytro utroque macula singula media rufo-flava, corpore eevee eee Seychelles and liangoon. 11 subtus piceo, pedibus piceis vel fusco-testaceis, antennarum clavis fuscis. Long. corp. 1:0 mm. Rather shortly and broadly oval, with thorax forming almost a perfect semicircle (not a narrowing curve), and elytra considerably wider than the thorax, reaching their widest point a little before the middle ; shining and entirely glabrous above. Colour: pitchy black ; front margin of the thorax broadly pale testaceous and translucent ; each elytron has a median pale spot, narrowly separated from its neigh- bour at the suture, more widely separated from thie outer margin $ 1n one specimen the spots are clear yellow, in others darker, ‘reddish, and suffused; the black ground-colour is slightly diluted at the apices of the elytra ; underside pitchy ; legs pitchy or fusco- -testaceons, with paler tibie ; head and clubs of antenna dark. Thorax and elytra moderately strongly and closely punctured ; lateral margins of elytra reflexed throughout the greater part of their length, visible from directly Shaver: : sutural stria present, vanishing in the anterior portion. Vi tmgs apparently ample, but not dissected out. Aletasternum and abdomen with remote punctures bearing fine short hairs, the former nearly impunctate in the middle. Prosternum in front of each coxa forming a bridge of con- siderable breadth in an antero-posterior direction, and having an elevated median longitudinal keel, 2. e, approaching the condition found in Sacitum grossinianum (ef. fig. 6). The balsam-preparation of the mouth-parts shows that the mentum (fig. 8) is rather narrow and bluntly pointed in front, the apical joints of the /abial paljz shorter than the second (con- trast S. picaultianum), and the penultimate (third) joints of the maxillary palpi proportionately longer than in some other species. Sacium coneinnum, Matth. (Ceylon), S. formosum, Matth, (Ceylon), and S. politum, Matth. (Japan) (Mon. pp. 52, 56 57], all have the same general scheme of colour—each elytron with a single pale mark on a dark ground. &. roslanianum is, however, quite distinct from them all. 8. concinnum is differently shaped, having the elytra very little wider than the thorax, its punctuation is much closer, and the ligiit marks on the elytra are more longitudinal in direction and much more widely separated from the outer margins and from one another. S. formosum % larger, longer, and narrower, with thorax forming a longer narrowing curve; also its thorax is reddish instead of black, and the pale marks lie farther back on the elytra and are much more widely 12 Mr. H. Scott on Corylophidee from the separated at the suture; the punctuation also is finer. S. polituem is much larger, proportionately longer, and nai- rower, with red thorax ; its pale marks are much shorter in an antero-posterior direction—7?, e., they form a narrow trans- verse fascia on the elytra, Loc. Seychelles: Silhouette and Mahé, 1908-9. Five specimens, from the high forests. In Silhouette two were found, near Mont Pot-d-eau (ca. 1500 feet), and at Mare aux Cochons ; in Mahé three, from Cascade Estate at about 1000 feet, and from the Mare aux Cochons district at about 1500 feet. Named after Monsieur du Roslan, under whom an early expedition visited the Seychelles in 1769. 4, Sacium rochonianum, sp. n. (Pl. I. fig. 9.) Minutum, ovale, supra nitidissimum, glaberrimum, omnino impune- tatum ; thorace rufo-flavo ; elytris piceo-nigris, vel unicoloribus, vel fascia pallida transversa suffusa, plus minusve distincta, munitis; metasterno piceo-nigro, abdomine rufescente, ore an- tennis pedibus flavis, antennarum clavis haud nigricantibus, Long. corp. U'9-1:0 mm, Minute, oval, the front margin of the thorax forming an elliptical curve narrowing slightly in front, sides of the elytra gradually curved, reaching their widest point a little before the middle; very shining, absolutely impunctate, and glabrous above. Colour: thorax unicolorous reddish yellow, rather paler at the front margin ; scutellum in most examples reddish yellow, in some darker; elytra pitchy black, diluter at the apices ; in some specimens practically unicolorous, but in most there is near the suture just behind the middle a paler area, which, though very indistinct in some, in other cases forms a suffused transverse pale fascia; metasternum pitchy black, underside of thorax yellowish testaceous, of abdomen reddish; head, antenne, and legs yellow, clubs of the antenne not darkened. lytra with lateral margins narrowly reflexed throughout most of their length from the shoulder, these margins visible from above immediately behind the shoulder and again in the posterior half, but scarcely visible (or invisible) for a short space just before the middle; sutural stria present, extending forwards a little beyond the middle. Wings apparently ample, but not dissected out. Aletasternum quite smooth, glabrous, and impunctate in the middle, with scanty very short pubescence at the sides; abdomen with longer yellowish pubescence. Seychelles and Rangoon. 13 Prosternum formed rather as in Sacium picaultianum, very short, forming only a very narrow bridge in front of each coxa, ‘and sloping steeply upwards (7. ¢., ‘dorsalw yards) in the middle in front, not forming a median keel. The balsam- preparation of the mouth- -parts shows that the mentum (fig. 9) is broader than long (contrast S. picaulttanum). No species which I have seen is closely like this. The Hawaiian 8. angusficolle, Scott (1998, p. 416), resembles it in its minute size and general colour-scheme—red thorax and black elytra. But S. ‘angusticolle is distinctly though finely punctured and pubescent above, and is proportionately longer and narrower, less oval in outline, and with elytra less broadened about the middle. Loc. Seychelles : Silhouette, 1908. Fifteen examples, all from the high endemic forest above Mare aux Cochons, well over 1000 feet. Named after the Abbé Rochon, a member of du Roslan’s expedition in 1769; he left a written record, and his name has been given to a river in Mahé ARTHROLIPS, Wollaston. The material includes three species—A. flavicollis, Matth., hitherto known from Java, an example of which is now recorded from Rangoon; A. insule-longe, sp. n., from the Seychelles ; and an undetermined species from the Seychelles. Since the appearance of Matthews’s Monograph, Fauvel (1903) has described three new species from New Caledonia, and Reitter (1998) two new species from East Africa. But those before me do not appear to be identical with any of these. 5. Arthrolips flavicollis, Matthews. Arthrolips flavicollis, Matthews, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) vol. xix. 1887, p. 107 ; Mon. Corylophide, p. 92. One example, agreeing closely with the type. Loc. Rangoon; from nest of Munta striata, 9. x. 1911 (Dry H. H. Marshall). Previously recorded from Java. 6. Arthrolips insule-longe, sp. n. Gets Fs fick. 10, 11.) Sat breviter ovalis, convexus, nitidus, castaneus, fere unicolor, sed elytris ad latera et antice ad suturam indistincte infuseatis, pedi- bus antennisque castaneis, harum clavis haud nigricantibus ; corpore supra subtusque dense punctato, pallide pubescente. Long. corp. 1°15-1°25 mm. 14 Mr. H. Scott on Corylophide from the Rather shortly oval, more convex than several of its con- geners, shining, castaneous, almost unicolorous above and beneath, but with the front margin of the thorax paler and a dark mark on its dise where the head shows through the chitin, and with indistinct dark areas along the sides of the elytra and near the front part of the suture, the latter forming a median dark mark common to the two elytra; legs and antennee castaneous, the latter with the clubs not darker ; body above and beneath covered with fine pale yellowish pubescence. Thorax with base almost straight, only very slightly sinuate on either side of the scutellum, with surface finely punctured, the punctures about twice their own diameter apart. Seutellum finely punctured. /ytra about as long as their combined breadth, with sutural stria indistinct (not indi- cated in fig. 10 and in some positions hardly visible) and obsolete in the anterior }, more strongly punctured than the thorax, punctures about twice their own diameter apart; reflexion of lateral margins very slight, scarcely noticeable from above. Wings apparently ample, but not dissected out. Ventral surface closely punctured, except the middle of the metasternum, which is almost impunctate. It is not easy to describe the differences separating this form from others. It is not identical with any species I have seen. The following fonr are selected from Matthews’s collection for comparison, as they seem nearest to it. A. testu- dinalis, Woll. (Madeira), is larger, less convex, more parallel- sided, with the dark areas at the sides and suture of the elytra contrasting much more strongly with the paler areas between, and the elytral punctures very much closer. A. croceus, Matth. (Siam), is narrower, much less. convex, more parallel-sided, and much paler and yellower; in punetua- tion it is not unlike A. dnsule-longe. The same remarks ‘apply very nearly to A. senegalensis, Matth. A. westwoodi, Matth. (Ceylon), is larger, proportionately longer, less convex, and generally lighter in colour, though with the darker areas on the elytra much the same as those of A. tnsule-longe@; its autenne are much lighter coloured, being bright yellow; in punetuation it is not far removed from A. insule-longe. The latter differs from all these four species in its shorter, more convex, less parallel-sided form, as well as in the other ways mentioned in each separate case. Reitter (1908, p. 61) has described a species—A. centri- maculatus, from East Africa—which seems to resemble A. insule-longe in many respects ; but without seeing a specimen it is hard to say exactly how the two forms are related. .A.centrimaculatus is described as “ breviter ovalis,” rar rae Seychelles and Rangoon. 15 but as “levissime convexus” and “dilute fulvus,’’ whereas A. insule-longe is more convex than several of its congeners and dark castaneous. The dark areas on the elytra of A. centrimaculatus appear to be in the same positions as those of A. insule-longe. Loe. Seychelles: Long Island, a small coconut-planted islet close to Mahé, vii. 1908. Eight specimens, obtained by beating (probably from coconut-trees). 7. Arthrolips sp. A single specimen, in bad condition, with one elytron broken. So far as can be seen, the form is rather depressed and suboblong—that is, more nearly parallel-sided than in some allied species. Shining, thorax and elytra pitchy black, the thorax paler (dirty ferruginous) in front, and the apices of the elytra, where the light shows through, appearing pitchy ferruginous. Underside of thorax ferruginous, meta- sternum and first abdominal segment pitchy, hind margins of abdominal segments testaceous. Legs ferruginous ; clubs of antenne not black. Body above covered with fine pale pubescence, much worn in the unique example. Thoraa very finely and subobsoletely punctured. Scutellum and elytra with stronger, larger punctures, about their own diameter apart ; sutural stria very fine and close to the suture, but distinguishable through almost the whole length of the elytron excepting right at the base. Wings present, but not examined. Ventra//y, metasternum and first abdo- minal segment finely and rather closely puncture, the punc- tuation reticulate towards the sides; the pale pubescence is rather dense, especially towards the sides of the sternum and hind margins of the abdominal segments. Length 1:0 mm. As the specimen is unique and in bad condition, I have not named it, though it is not identical with any examples I have seen. A. “oblongus, Matth. (Japan), has the same shape and colour, but is much larger and differently punc- tured, its thoracic punctures being stronger, while conversely the elytral punctures are finer and more ‘remote. Loc. Seychelles: Silhouette, from Mare aux Cochons or the forest near by, over 1000 feet, 1908. Meroperws, Matthews. Meioderus, Matthews, Mon. Corylophide, p. 102. This genus was erected to include a single species—J. niti- dus, Matth., from Japan,—till now its “ouly known repre- 16 Mr. H. Scott on Corylophide from the sentative. The new form described below agrees closely with AM. nitidus in generic characters—in general shape, form of antenna, mouth- -parts, sterna, tarsi, Keen anta is quite distinet in specific characters. 8. Meiolerus quinssyanus, sp. n. (PI. IL. fig. 12.) Sat late ovalis, supra fortiter nitidus, omnino glaber ; prothorace unicolore, rufo, scutello elytrisque unicoloribus, piceis, corpore subtus fusco-testaceo, pedibus antennisque testaceis, harum clavis haud nigricantibus ; prothorace fere impunctato, elytris subtiliter remote punctatis, sine stria suturali. Long. corp. ca. 11 mm. Rather broadly oval, moderately convex, very shining and quite glabrous above. Colour : prothorax unicolorous reddish, the colour broadly diluted at the translucent front margin, scutellum and elytra unicolorous pitchy, underside brownish testaceous, legs and antenne testaceous, clubs of antenne not blackened. Yhoraw rather short, its front mar- gin forming a wide curve; for ordinary purposes it may be called impunctate, though under a very high power a few very remote and exceedingly fine punctures are visible, as indicated in fig. 12. lytra gradually curved, with lateral margin narrowly reflexed, though when viewed from directly above this is generally visible only in front, as shown in fig. 12 ; punctures fine, remote, shallow, slightly elongate ; ; sutural stria entirely absent. Wings ample (mounted in balsam). Metasternum and jirst abdominal segment glabrous, the former impunctate in the middle, finely and remotely punctured at the sides, the latter finely and remotely punc- tured. M. nitidus, Matth., is Jarger, more elongate-ovate in out- line, with thorax much darker; the elytra are much deeper black, their punctuation is, if anything, a little stronger, and a sutural stria is discernible in the posterior part 5 the ventral surface is much blacker and the metasternum more closely punctured at the sides. When the ventral surfaces of AZ. n2t- dus and M. quinssyanus are viewed side by side the greater relative breadth of J. qguinssyanus is apparent, and the coxe of its middle and posterior pairs of legs look even more widely distant, inter se, in spite of its smaller actual size. Loe. Seychelles : Silhouette, viii.—ix. 1908. Four examples, one from near Mont Pot-a-eau, at about 1500 feet, three from Mare aux Coclions, about 1000 feet. This species is named after Monsieur Le Queau de Quinssy, Seychelles and Rangoon. bil last of the French Governors of the Seychelles, who served the Monarchy, the Republic, the Empire, and, finally, the British Government. SERICODERUS, Stephens. (PII fies, 13-17.) Subgenus ANISOMERISTES (Matthews). Anisomeristes, Matthews, Ent. Mo, Mag. xxii. 1886, p. 225; Mon. Corylophidz, p. 108. Sericoderus, pars, Reitter. Anisomeristes, treated by Reitter, and here, as a subgenus of Sericoderus, is separated from true Sertcoderus by having 11-jointed instead of 10-jointed antennz. Otherwise the species of the two subgenera are closely alike, and it is impossible without examination of the antennz to decide in which of them any particular form should be placed. The difference is caused by the fusion of two joints—joint 3 and the succeeding one—in Sericoderus, s. str. But in some species at least of this subgenus there is a fine transverse line on the third joint, showing where the division would be if it were present. Fig.17, made from a balsam-preparation, shows the antenna of a British specimen in the Crotch Col- lection placed as S. /ateralis; fig. 17 a shows the elongated third joint more highly magnified, and it is clear, both from the shape of the joint and the presence of the transverse line, that it is made up of two joints fused. Figs. 16, 16a illus- trate the antenna of S. (A.) pubipennis, vay (Hawaiian Islands), and figs. 15, 15a give that of S. (A.) seychellensis, Spent.? In pubipennis the separation of the joints is complete, but not so marked as in seychellensis ; in pulipennis the two joints fit together very closely, while in seychellensis the distal one is distinctly narrowed at its base. ‘The condition in S. (A.) pubipennis, therefore, seems to be transitional be- tween that in S. (A.) seychellensis and that in S. (s. str.) late- ralis, The antenne also exhibit other differences in length and in the proportions of the joints infer se. But appear- ances are sometimes deceptive, and much depends on the exact position in which the antenna is lying in the balsam. In many descriptions of Sericoderus spp. no mention is made of the antennez, and the subgeneric position of some species is not satisfactorily established. Owing to this inadequacy of descriptions, it is hard to say exactly how certain described species are related to the Seychelles form. I have named the latter S. (A.) seychellensis, though it may ses. prove to Ann. & Mag. N. Hist. Ser. §. Vol. xix. 18 Mr. H.-Seott on Gorylophida from the be identical with some described species which I have not seen. Condition of hind wings: see ante (p. 4) and below. 9. Sericoderus (Anisomer/stes) seychellensis, sp. 0. (Pi. IL. figs. 18-15.) Obeonicus, nitidus, unicolor fiavo-testaceus, pedibus antennisque flavescentibus, harum clavis haud nigricantibus, sat longe aureo- pilosus; prothorace subtiliter punetato, inter punctos levi; elytris fortius punctatis, inter punctos parum asperatis; antennis curtis. Long. corp. 0°75-1-0 mm. Obconic, of the form characteristic of Sr’coderus—that is, with thorax broader than elytra and produced at the hind angles, and with elytra narrowing gradually from the base_ backwards, subtruncate at the apices, and with sides straight, not curved. S.(A.) seychellensis is narrower in proportion than some of its congeners. Itis shining, unicolorous yellow- testaceous, with legs and antenne yellowish, the clubs of the latter not (or only very slightly) darkened. Body covered above and below with volden pubescence, rather coarser and longer than, and not quite so close as, in some species. Thorax smooth, very finely punctured ; elytra rougher, with coarser punctuation, which extends right to the base. Wings con- siderably longer than elytra (mounted in balsam). Of all the forms which I have seen, the Hawaiian S. (A.) pubipennis, Sharp*, is nearest to S, (A.) seychellensis, but it is larger and has the pubescence and punctuation denser. It also differs in the form of the antennal joints (figs. 15, 15 a). In seychellensis the antenne are short, less than 13 times the breadth of the head, while in pubspennis they measure over 14 times the breadth of the head. In seychellensis joint 2 is short and conspicuously broad in proportion, 3 and 4 are short and transverse, and the division between them is con- spicuous, 4 being narrowed at its base, 5 is very little broader than long, 6 much more transverse, if conspicuously larger than 8, and the club- Joints are short, 9 and 10 both being broader than long. In pubipennis (figs. 16, 16 a) joint 2 is proportionately much longer, 4 is differently shaped and much less narrowed at its base, 9 and 10 are longer, being about as long as broad. Perhaps characters of a more defi- nite nature than some of those hitherto used a7 be found in * Tr. Dublin Soc. iii, 1885, p. 128; Matthews, Mon. Corylophida, p- 121; Scott, ‘ Fauna Hawaiiensis,’ iii, p. 417 (1908). \ hy Le fy Seychelles and Rangoon. 19 the antenne to distinguish a‘number of forms superficially much alike. Among species which I have not seen, S. eichelbaumi, Reitter (1908, p. 62, KE. Africa), seems to resemble S. (A.) seychellensis in some respects, but to differ (as, according to Reitter, J. ¢., does also the Australian S. pallidulus, Reitter) in having the punctuation of the elytra obsolete towards the base; also evchrlbaumi and pallidulus presumably belong to the subgenus Sericoderus, s. str., though this is not actually stated. Certain forms have been described from Australia by Lea* and from New Zealand by Brounf, but it is impossible to say exactly how they are related to S. (A.) seychellensis. S. (A.) pecirkanus, Reitter (1908), from Egypt, is, according to the description, different in shape, colour, and nature of the pubescence. Loe. Seychelles: Silhouette and Mahé, 1903-9. Over fifty specimens, varying considerably in size... In Silhouette several were swept from a grassy clearing at over 1000 feet, 30. vii. 1908, and a large number were beaten all together from one place on the edge of the forest at Mare aux Cochons, over 1000 feet, in the late afterrioon of 18. ix. 1908; others were found in various localities both in the high forests and at lower elevations. In Mahé examples were taken in the high forest of Morne Blanc, on Cascade Hstate, &e. DAUBANIA, gen, nov. (BWA feo la SPlg ill. figs. £9; 21-24.) Antenne (ut in Oligarthro) 8-articulate, sed ab eis Oligarthri in forma articulorum differentes. Caput sub pronoto omnino ob- tectum. Genus in forma mandibulorum, maxillarum, labi, Corylopho affinis, sed ab hoc genere in numero articulorum antennarum differt. Form (fig. 18) oval, narrowed behind, moderately convex, glabrous above. Head entirely concealed beneath pronotum. Antenne (tig. 19) 8-jointed; joint 1 long, thickened, curved towards base; 2 pyriform, over twice as long as broad ; 3 slender at base, a little longer than broad ; 4 small, a little broader than long; 5 may be reckoned as part of the club, it and 6 are about as long as broad ; 7 is rather broader than long; 8 is longer than broad and tapers to a blunt apex. Labrum (fig. 21) transversely oblong, anterior angles rounded, anterior margin slightly bisinuate. dandibles . * Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales, vol. x. p, 309 (1895). + Man. New Zealand Col. part 5, p, 1072 (1898). at et 20 Mr. H. Scott on Corylophide from the (fig. 22) armed on the inner nlargin with a comb of long fine teeth, becoming gradually shorter towards the base. Mazille (fig. 23) with the lobe finely setose; maaillary palp with joint 2 large, obliquely truncate at apex, greatly produced and rounded at the outer apical angle, which bears six long slender laminate processes (cf. Corylophus, Matth. Mon. pl. iv. fig. D5), each of which becomes gradually broader from the base outwards, then tapers to a sharp apex ; the outermost one is much the longest and is curved, the others become gradually shorter inwards, the innermost ones being almost the same length; joint 3 very short, transverse ; joint 4 a little broader than long, produced at the inner apical angle, rounded off at the outer angle, bearing short hairs on the almost truncate apex. Labium (fig. 24), so far as can be discerned, shaped like a spear-head; ligula very large and broadly spatulate, truncate at apex, narrowed at base; lalial palpi short and broad ; joints 2 and 3 both broader than long, 2 shaped Jike an asymmetrical cup produced on the outer side, 3 a little narrower at its base than the apex of 2, its truncate apex shortly setose. Prothorax semicircular, ante- rior margin explanate, base bisinuate, hind angles produced. Scutellum triangular, broader than long, apex blunt. lytra very slightly broader behind the shoulders than the base of the thorax, gradually narrowing behind ; outer margins not much curved, explanate for about ? of their length, the explanate margin disappearing in the posterior } ; posterior outer angles broadly rounded off, posterior inner angles slightly rounded ; a fine sutural stiia is present, but vanishes in the anterior ¢ of the elytra. Wings ample (mounted in balsam). Pygidium rounded, projecting a little beyond the elytra. Middle cove moderately, hind cove widely, distant. * Type of the génus, Daubania seychellarum, sp. n. The only other known genus of Corylophide with 8-jointed autenne is Oligarthrum, Matthews (Mon. p. 127, pl. iv. tig. C), established for a single species, O. waterhouset, Matth., described from a unique example from Chili. In Oligarthrum, however, antennal joints 2-5 differ absolutely in actual form and relative proportions from the corresponding ones in JJaubaniz, as will be seen by comparing figs. 19 and 20, the latter of which is copied from Matthews’s Monograph ; so that, unless many intermediate gradations come to light, the two insects can hardly be classed in one genus. The mouth-parts of Ol:garthrum have not been dissected, but Matthews states that, so far as he could see, they re- sembled those of Corylophus. This resemblance is also maiked in Dauhania, as will be seen by comparing my Seychelles and Rangoon. 21 figures of the latter with Matthews’s illustrations of Cory- lophus. Daubania is dedicated to Monsieur and Madame Edouard Dauban, owners of the island of Silhouette, Seychelles. 10. Daubania seychellarum, sp. n. Gantote. 137 Pl ith. figs. 19, 21-24.) Nitida, supra glabra, prothorace rufo, elytris piceo-nigris ad apicem parum dilutioribus, ore antennis pedibus rufo-testaceis, anten- narum clayis infuscatis; prothorace subtiliter obsolete punctato, elytris sat dense strigoso-punctatis. Long. corp. 0°83 mm. With the characters of the genus. Colour: thorax red, anterior margin paler, translucent; scutellum and elytra pitchy black, the latter diluter towards the apex ; underside reddish brown; legs, mouth, and antennz reddish testaceous, the antennze with clubs infuscate. Sculpture &c.: disc of thorax finely and obsoletely punctured; elytra closely punc- tured, punctures separated by more than their own diameter, produced into channels or striz, the general direction of which is longitudinal, though near the suture they become oblique ; though quite distinct, these stri# are not very deep, and under high lights sometimes only the actual punctures are visible. Pygidium finely pubescent. MJetasternum with surface finely alutaceous at the sides, smooth in the middle, and with punctuation and pubescence very scanty; in one specimen examined it is bare of pubescence in the middle, the first abdominal segment is also nearly bare and has a median longitudinal depression; in another example this depression is absent, the segiment is more pubescent, and the metasternum has some scanty pubescence in the middle in front. ‘These differences possibly may be in part sexual (cf. Rhypobius, p. 26). The other ventral segments are finely punctured and pubescent. This species is quite distinct in general appearance from all other Seychelles Corylophidee by its minute size, strigosely punctured elytra, &c. No species of any genus in Matthews’s collection superficially resembles it. Oligarthrum water- housei is quite different, being larger, unicolorous blackish, with hind angles of thorax less produced and elytral punc- tures not drawn out into striole. Loc. Seychelles: Silhouette, Mahé, Praslin Islands, 1508-9. Fourteen examples : in Silhouette, collected at Mare aux Cochons plateau or from the forest near by, over 1000 feet ; 22 Mr. TH. Scott on Corylophide from the in Mahé, from country above Port Glaud, 500-1000 feet, and from the forest on Cascade Estate, between 800 and 2000 feet ; Praslin, Cétes d’Or Estate. Lewistum, Matthews. ; (Pl. IE. figs. 25-28, 30; PI. IV. figs. 31,-32, 34, oD. Lewisium, Matthews, Mon. Corylophide, 1899, p. 164, pl. v. fig. A. Lewisium was established for two species—L. ceylonicum, Matth. (op. cit. p. 166), and L. japonicum, Matth. (op. eit. p. 167), and no further representative of the genus has since been described. My material contains a long series of a species from the Seychelles, which is referred to Lewisium on account of its very close general resemblance to L. cey- lonicum, but which in the form of its antennee and mouth- parts differs from that species and in some ways more closely resembles Catoptyx bowringi, Matth. (Java), the type of the genus Catoptye*. The Seychelles form (L. seychellea- num, sp. n.) thus seems in some respects intermediate between the types of Lewisium and Catoptyx, and an examination of the actual parts in L. ceylonicum and L. seychelleanum, and comparison with Matthews’s figures of Catoptyx renders one yather doubtful whether the differences between Lewistum and Catoptyx are more than specific. But one of the chief diagnostic characters of Catoptyer is that it has the anterior angles of the pronotum abruptly infleced and closely fitted to the sides of the head, and of this there is no trace in L. sey- chelleanum. Therefore I do not propose to sink Lewistum as a synonym of the earlier name Catoptye. Antenne, mouth-parts, &e.—The antenna of L. seychelle- anum (figs. 25, 25a) las the basal joint much thicker, the third joint proportionately much longer, than that of L. cey- lonicum (figs. 26, 26a). This forms a ready means of distinction in balsam-preparations. The labrum of L. sey- chelleanum (fig. 27) is intermediate between that of Lewiseum and that of Catoptyx bowringt as figured by Matthews (copied in figs. 28, 29), being considerably more tapering than the former but much less acuminate than the latter. The mandibles of L. seychelleanum are bifid at the distal extremity, each of the two apices being armed with two or three hooks (figs. 30, 30 a)—i. e., rather more complex than those of Cutoptyx bowringi, which, according to Matthews (pl. vi. fig. B4), have only a single hook at each apex, but * Catoptyx, Matthews, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (65) vol. xix, 1887, p- 111; Mon. Corylophide, p. 167, pl. vi, tig. B1-7, tn ee Seychelles and Rangoon. 23 without the serrations that extend some way down tiie mandibles of L. cey/onicum (ef. Matthews, pl. v. fig. A 4). Mazillury palpi of L. seychelleanum (fig. 31) with joint 2 much Jess curved and inflated outwardly, “and the apical joint shorter and blunter, than those of ZL. Seda (fig. 32) ; mawitlary lobes of L. seychelleanum slender, sharply pointed, with inner edge serrate near the apex [Matthews figures the Jobes in Lewisium as unarmed; but a balsam-preparation of the maxilla of L. eeylonicum (tig. 32) shows about six minute teeth near the apex, though these are scattered on the surface, not arranged in a serrate edge as in L. sieahelleduienn| Fig. 33, copied trom Matthews, ehoms the maxilla of Cato- ptyx bowringi for comparison. Labial palpi of L. seychelle- anum (fig. 34) lying nearly contiguous, not spread apart as in L. ceylonicum (fig. 35) *; fig. 36, copied from Matthews, shows the parts in Catoptya bowringi. ‘Therefore in the maxillee and labium L. seychelleanum seems in several points to resemble Catoptyx bowringi more closely. Tarsi of all three pairs in L. seychelleanum broadly dilated and bilobed, the lobes pubescent. 11. Lewisium seychelleanum, sp. n. (Pl. III. figs. 25, 27, 30; Pl. IV. figs. 31, 34.) Late ovale, postice perparum angustatum, valde convexum, niti- dissimum, supra glabrum; piceo-nigrum, prothoracis margine antico pallide testaceo et pellucido, disco prothoracis ante scu- tellum, scutello ipso, elytrorum sutura et marginibus exterioribus (his anguste) piceo-rufis, antennis pedibusque rufo-testaceis, antennarum clavis haud nigricantibus; prothorace fere impunc- tato, elytris dense sat fortiter confuse punctatis. Lewisio ceylonico simile, sed statura minus, et differt in forma antennarum, man- dibulorum, &c., que vide supra. Long. corp.:1-05-1'1 mm. Broadly oval, slightly narrowed behind, very convex, very shining, glab rous. Pitchy black, with anterior margin of the thorax pale testaceous and pellucid, and the middle of the dise of the thorax before the base, together with the scutellum and suture of the elytra, lighter—z. e., pitchy reddish ; outer margins of the elytra also narrowly reddish [in a few speci- mens the reddish colour is more extended and the whole body is a little lighter] ; underside pitchy reddish, centre of meta- sternum and first abdominal segment darker; legs, mouth, * Too much reliance must not be placed on this difference, which may be partly due to greater pressure of the coverslip in one preparation than in the other. 24 Mr. H. Scott on Corylophide from the and antenne reddish teastaceous, clubs of the antenne not blackened. Thorax and scutellum under a powerful hand- lens appearing impunctate, but under a compound microscope the thorax is seen to bear numerous very fine subobsolete punctures. lytra closely and strongly punctured, punctures separated by once to twice their own diameter ; sutural stria not distinguishable. Wings dissected out and found to be ample. Metasternum rather closely and strongly punctured towards the sides, but with the elevated central part almost impunetate. Abdomen ventrally clothed with fairly close, fine, short hsirs. In general appearance closely resembling ZL. eeylonicum, Matth., which is, however, distinctly larger. The example of LZ. ceylonicum before me appears a very little less convex, has scarcely any reddish colour along the suture of the elytra, the elytra even more strongly punctured, and the metasternum almost impunctate at the sides as wellas slightly less elevated in the middle. But differences of a more definite character lie in the form of antenne and mouth-parts, as stated above. L. seychelleanum is quite distinct in size and general appearance from the other previously described species of the genus—t. e., L. japonicum, Matth., and also from Catoptya bowringi, Matth. A second species of Catoptyx has been described recently by Sahlberg (1913)— C. levantinus, from the Lebanon; but this is said to have the elytra ‘“ obsolete punctata” and the third joint of the antenna as long as broad, and must be quite different from L. seychelleanum. Loc. Seychelles: Silhouette, Mahé, Long, Praslin, and Félicité Islands, 1908-9. Found much more abundantly than any other species, over 190 specimens being taken ; the distribution seems fairly general, from sea-level and the cultivated country up into the endemic forests. In Silhouette many examples were collected from near Mont Pot-a-eau, ca. 1500 feet, and from Mare aux Cochons; a number were swept from long grass; one is recorded as beaten from dead palm-leaves ; two were found in fallen dry branches con- taining nests of the ant Pheidole punctulata, Mayr (A. Forel det.), on the coast near Pointe Etienne, 17. ix. 1908. In Mahé, generally distributed from the cultivated country up to elevations of over 1000 feet. In Long Island, a cultivated islet near Mahé, a specimen was taken from the beach just above high-water mark. Seychelles and Rangoon. 25 Riuyrosius, Leconte. Rhypobius, Leconte, Proc. Ac, Philad. vi. 1852, p. 141. Morovnillus, Jacqu.-Duval, Ann. Soc. Ent. France, 1854, Bull. p. 38 ; Gen. Col. Eur, vol. ii. 1857-59, p. 234. Nec Gleosoma, Wollaston, Ins. Mader, 1854, p. 480, pl. x. fig. 7. Rhypobius, founded on the North-American R. marinus, Leconte, was originally (but erroneously) described as having Y-jointed antenne. Moroni/lus was erected to contain the European J. ruficollis, Duval, and was correctly described as having the antenne of eleven joints. In 1883 Leconte and Horn [Classif. Col..N. Amer. (Smithson. Mise. Coll. xxvi.) p. 113] asserted that Rhypobius and Moronillus are really the same, and admitted that Leconte had wronely stated the number of antennal joints in his original descrip- tion of Lhypobius. Matthews also followed these writers in regarding J/eronillus as a synonym of Rhypobius (Mon. Coryloph. p. 173). Ganglbauer, however (Kaif. Mitteleur. i. 1899, p. 283, footnote), was not satisfied that the number of antennal joints is really the same in the two cases, and therefore employed the name Moronillus as distinct from Rhypobius. I have made a balsam-preparation of the an- tenna of a specimen of £. marinus, Leconte, from Matthews’s Collection, Itis undoubtedly 11-jointed, and closely resembles that of &. aguilinus, sp. n. (fig. 38). Leconte and Horn and Matthews were therefore right in regarding the number of joints as the same in the type-species of Rhypobius and Moronillus. ‘Vhe character separating the two disappears, and Moronillus must be treated as a synonym of Rhypobius. A preparation of the antenna of the West-Indian 2. brevi- cornis, Matth., also shows eleven joints. These remarks, however, do not apply to Glaosoma, Wollaston. This genus was founded tor Glawosoma velox, Woll., which was described from a unique example found in Madeira, but of which other examples, subsequently taken in North Africa, are also to be seen in the British Museum. Wollaston described and figured the genus as having 10- jointed antennee (an assertion which I am glad to be able to confirm, below). But Duval, in his Gen. Col. Europe, sank Glaeosoma as asynonym of his genus Moronillus. To this Wollaston replied in his ‘Coleoptera Atlantidum’ (1865, pp. 93-5, and footnotes), saying that he had carefully re-examined the type of G. velow, and was convinced that his original figure and description were correct, that the antennze were really 10-jointed, and that the joints differed in form 26 Mr. H. Scott on Corylophide from the inter se from those of Moronillus. Nevertheless, Leconte and Horn and Matthews regarded Glaosoma (like Aloronillus) as a synonym of Khypobius; but Ganglbauer (/. ¢.) was not convinced, and Casey (1900, p. 65) wrote that Glwosoma is altogether distinct from LRhypobius. 1 have examined the type of G. velox under the highest power applicable to a carded specimen, and found that the antennz appeared almost certainly 10-jointed ; but being still not satisfied, I mounted in balsam the antenna of one of the North-African specimens, which seem absolutely identical with the type. This antenna (fig. 39) is 10-jointed, having between the second and the next large joint one small joint less than in Rhypobius, and, as stated by Wollaston, the form and proportions of the joints differ from those of Lhypobius. The three joints (5, 6, 7) preceding the three club-joints are all much longer in propor= tion than the corresponding three (6, 7, 8) in Rhypobius, and the large middle one of the three especially i is of a different shape. If the number of antennal joints be used as the criterion for separating the genera, the matter may be summarized thus :— Rhypobius (= Moronillus), antennee 11-jointed. Glaeosoma, autenne 10-jointed. Secondary Sexual Characters—I do not know of any reference to these in Rhypobtus. But the material before me includes three specimens of a species, apparently new, two of which have a marked impression on the metasternum, while in the third this is quite absent. In comparing cer tain other species with mine, it was seen that some examples have impressions on the metasternum and sometimes on the first abdominal segment as well. Having before me two speci- mens of Rhypobius rujicollis (Duval), one of which has the sternum impressed while the other has not, I dissected these aud found that the insect with impressed sternum is ¢, while the otheris 2. I therefore infer that the ventral impressions are a ¢ character, though further study is needed to prove whether they are present in all or only in some species. Those in which they have so far been observed are :— (i.) Z. ruficollis (Duval), g: a rather faint and narrow longitudinal impression on the posterior 2 of the metasternum, aud a long narrow impression down the middle of the first abdominal segment. (ii.) Z2. brevicornis, Matth., g: a deep and rather broader longitudinal impression on a metasternum ; on the first abdominal segment a very broad and deep impvyession, extending the whole length of the segment and nearly the Seychelles and Rangoon. yi: whole distance between the hind coxz ; on either side of the impression the segment is raised into a ridge which bears rather long pubescence. (ii1.) hk. aquilinus, sp. n., @: a marked loneynaaaa im- pression, broadening behind, along the posterior 3 of the metasternum, the pubescence in the impression being much closer than on either side of it ; first abdominal seement with no impression, but with a little median group of hearse Condition of hind wings: see ante (p. 4), and below, 12. Rhypobius aquilinus, sp. n. (Pr YV..;ie3.9703. Pl., V.. figs 38.) Ovalis, postice haud fortiter attenuatus, supra subtusque subtilissime alutaceus, thorace rufo-flavo, elytris castaneo-brunneis postice ad suturam interdum rufescentibus, pedibus antennisque flavescenti- bus, harum clavis haud nigricantibus; thorace impunctato ; elytris punctis duplicibus sat confertim munitis; metasterno ¢ in medio longitudinaliter valde impresso, segmento 1° abdominis haud impresso. Long. corp. 0°85 mm. Outline shown in fig. 37; the thorax appears a little shorter than it actually is, owing to its being bent down ; length of the elytra very nearly equal to their combined breadth, which is greatest a little before the middle. Body above shining, glabrous ; ; finely and closely alutaceous above and beneath? Colour: thorax reddish yellow, elytra dark castaneous brown, in the type-specimen lighter and more reddish in the posterior half near the suture ; ventral surface castaneous brown, antennee and legs yellowish, clubs of the antenne not blackened. Antenne (fig. 38). a little longer than the width of the head from eye to a e. Thorax nar- rowly margined at the sides, with base very shallowly sinuate on either side of the middle, and hind angles (seen from the side) slightly less than right angles ; surface im- punctate. Scutellum rounded. Elytra Be abil margins narrowly reflexed, but in viewing a specimen from vertically above the ene are only reales behind the shoulder and again for a short space behind the middle; sutural stria quite absent; surface with fine double punctures, each con- sisting of two slightly elongated punctures lying close side by side * ; ; In a transverse direction the double punctures are about their own diameter apart, but in a longitudinal direc- tion about twice this distance. Wangs: no trace of these * The alutaceous surface and double punctures are characteristic of a number of other members of the genus. 28 Mr. EH. Scott on Corylophide from the organs can be seen under the partly opened elytra of the single 9, but actual dissection and search for minute vestigial wings is prevented by the necessity of preserving the specimen intact; the two g have ample wings, folded under the elytra; one of these organs is mounted in balsam, but I have failed to unfold it completely, so cannot state its proportions to the elytron accurately; it is, however, con- siderably longer than the elytron (see p.4). Metasternum ¢ with a marked median longitudinal impression broadening behind, on the posterior ? of its length ; surface of the meta- sternum almost impunctate, with pale short hairs, closer in the impression, very scanty at the sides ; in the ? the meta- sternum is convex and glabrous in the middle. Furst abdo- minal segment: ¢, with no impression, but with a median group of a few short hairs, on either side of which it is bare, but has a few other hairs near the lateral margins ; 2, no median group of hairs. ‘lhe other seginents bear scanty pale pubescence. This species is quite distinct from any I have seen. The form most closely resembling it superficially is 2. brevicornis, Matth. (West Indies). A ¢ of this, now before me,.is the same size, but more attenuated behind ; the reticulation of its thorax is slightly less marked, while its elytral punctures are a little stronger ; and it differs decidedly in the nature of its ¢ ventral impressions (vide supra, p. 26). Loc. Amirantes Islands. ‘lhree specimens from Eagle Island, 1905 (H.M.S. ‘ Sealark’ Expedition). Named “aguilinus” in allusion to the island of its discovery. OrTHOPERUS, Stephens. (Pl. IV. figs. 40,41; Pl. V. figs. 42-44.) The material includes at least two, possibly three, species of this genus: a new and very distinct form from Rangoon ; a single g from the Seychelles, referred to a species known from S. America and W. Indies ; anda single indeterminable specimen from Rangoon, possibly the ¢ of the preceding, possibly distinct. Diverging Strie on Metasternum.—I have found in the literature no mention of diverging striz or lines on the meta- sternum, curving round behind the middle coxe (fig. 41, L) ; yet they are present in a number of species. ‘They recall the diverging stria found in a similar position in Aeritus and other Histeride, but in these there is a second pair of diverging striz behind the hind coxe on the first abdominal Seychelles and Rangoon. 29 segment, while in the Orthoperi there is only the pair on the metasternum, The species in which I have seen them are :— equalis, Sharp, atemarius, Heer, brunnipes, Gyll., coriaceus, Rey, crotchi, Matth., kluki, Wank., muni, sp. n., ovatus, Matth. I have not examined the other species of the genus as to whether these striz are present or not. Secondary Sexual Characters.x—More than one writer has noted that the front tibia of some Orthoperus are long and incurved at the apex. Thus Matthews, in his description of the genus (Mon. p. 182), ‘‘ [anterior] tibie often very long and much incurved, seek incurved at the apex”; and again, in his descriptions of some of the species, ‘anterior tibie very long and strongly incurved,” or, contrariwise, ‘anterior tibize nearly straight” (see also his figure, pl. vii. fig. A1). But it does not seem to have been stated that this difference in the form of the tibiz is, in some species at least, sexual, Thus, in O. muni, sp. n., the front tibie of some specimens, whicli I infer to be ¢, are more incurved towards the apex, and have a sharp heel or spur at the inner apical angle (fig. 42) ; while those of other examples, presumably 2, which in all other external characters appear identical with the preceding, are straighter and have no such heel (fig. 43). In this case the curvature of the ¢ tibia is not very marked, but it is much greater in O. minutissimus, Matth, (fig. 44). Dr. Sharp has pointed out to me the same kind of eal difference in the form of the front tibia in some of our British Orthoperus. The divergence of the sexes in this respect is sometimes quite sufficient to be seen with a hand-lens. Casey (1908, p. 65) describes for certain North-American forms a new genus Hutrilia, one of the principal characters of which is that it has the front tibia more flattened and less incurved at the apex thanin Orthoperus. It will be necessary to discriminate between sexual and other differences before the limits of the two genera are made quite clear. 13. Orthoperus munie, sp. n. 7 ’ (PI. IV. figs. 40,41; Pl. V. tigs. 42, 43.) Ovatus, valde convexus, nitidissimus, glaber, piceo-fuscus, pedibus antennisque testaceis, harum clavis infuscatis; thorace serie basali punctorum fortium ad latera hand attingente, in medio a basi magis distante, munito, disco subtilissime ac subobsolete punctato ; elytris sat dense sed subtilissime ac subobsolete punc- tatis; ¢ tibiis anterioribus ad apicem parum incurvyatis, angulo apicali interiore producto. Long. corp. 0°7 mm. 30 Mr. H. Scott on Corylophidee from the Ovate, very convex, shining, smooth (not at all aluta- ceous), and quite glabrous above; body above and beneath and head pitchy fascous; legs, palpi, and antennee testaceous, clubs of the latter infuscate. /Zead impunetate. Thorax with its base sinnate on either side and produced backwards in the middle, with lateral margins (seen from the side) slightly sinuate in the middie, hind angles nearly right angles; with a strong basal series of rather elongate punc- tures, becoming obsolete at the sides, further removed from the actual base in the middle than at the ends of the series [it recalls the basal series of some species of Acritus] ; dise bearing a number of very fine subobsolete punctures, bat in some lights and positions these are scarcely visible. H/ytra of nearly the same length as their combmed breadth, con- siderably larger than the abdomen, the outline of which is shown in fig. 40 appearing through the elytra as a dotted line (perhaps some allowance must be made for shrinkage of the abdomen) ; lateral margins not visible from directly above; the elytra have no trace of a sutural stria, and are finely and rather closely punctate; the punctures under a high power appear as fine elongate dashes, closer at thie base and suture, and almost obsolete towards the apex (like those on the thorax, the punctures in some lights and aspects are difficult to see owing to their shallowness). Wings ample. Metasternum (fig. 41) very convex, impune- tate in the middle, finely punctured at the sides, the diverging striae behind the middle coxe are punctured and run in a continuous curve from the anterior to the lateral margins of the metasternum. Abdomen in several specimens tapering tu a blunt point, first segment almost impunctate, each seg- ment with a series of very fine short hairs, rather wide apart. Front tibie of 8 (fig. 42) slightly incurved towards the apex, with the inner apical angle produced into a sharp heel ; in both g and @ (for the latter sex, see fig. 43) the excavation of the outer margin towards the apex is conspicuous. No other external sexual distinction is visible. No species in Maithews’s Collection resembles this at all closely, and those described since his time seem quite diffe- rent. QO. japonicus, Matth., has a basal thoracic series of punetures, but they are much finer; it is much larger than O. muni, has a minutely reticulate surface, and much closer elytral and thoracic punctuation, “Loc. Rangoon. Six examples, found in nest of Munza striata, 9. x. 1911 (Dr, Hl. HH, Marshall). % 3 e Seychelles and Rangoon. 31 14. Orthoperus minutissimus, Matthews (?). (Pl. V. fig. 44.) Orthoperus minutissimus, Matthews, Mon. Corylophide, 1899, p. 196. A single g, in bad preservation. Pitchy fuscous, legs and antenne lighter, shining and quite glabrous above. Thorax not (or scarcely) punctured. Hlytra finely and sub- obsoletely punctured, the punctures more than their own diameter apart. Ventrally the metasternum is impunctate in the middle, bat its sides and the first abdominal segment have very fine punctures several times their own diameter apart. Wings not examined. So far as can be seen in its bad ,condition, the specimen agrees in size, colour, and punctuation with an example in Matthews’s Collection from Grenada, West Indies, placed as VO. minutissimus *, ‘The two agree particularly in the form of the front tibize, which are sharply incurved at the apex, the inner apical angle forming a sharp heel. Fig. 44 shows the right-hand front tibia in the West-Indian specimen. Loe. Seychelles : Silhouette, from Mare aux Cochons, 1000 feet or more, ix. 1908. O. minutissimus, Matth., recorded from South America and West Indies. is 15. Orthoperus sp. Among the material from Rangoon is a single specimen, perhaps not fully mature, of a very minute species, quite distinct from O. muni by the absence of the basal thoracic series of punctures. In size and punctuation of the upper surface it isnot unlike the example from Silhouette describeil above and referred to O. minutissimus. It is just possible that itis a 2 of that species, since it probably belongs to the 2 sex, the front tibia not being incurved and having no sharp heel. The metasternuim appears quite impunctate, even at the sides; diverging striw perfectly distinct but not punc- tured. Determination or further description of this form is impossible in the absence of more material, Wings not examined, * The name and description of O. minutisstmus are published in square brackets in Matthews’s Monograph, from his own MS. notes, by P. B. Mason, editor of the Monograph. Mason gives reasons for thinking that Matthews probably intended to sink this name as a synonym of O. per- pusillus, Matth. I have, however, provisionally retained the name minutissimus, since time has not admitted of an examination of Matthews’'s material sufficiently close to decide whether nenutissimus and perpusillus are identical or not. 32 On Corylophide from the Seychelles and Rangoon. Length about 0°7 mm. ay Rangoon: from nest of Munia striata, 9. x. 1911 - (Dr. H. H. Marshall). EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES. Norte. _The figures of whole insects are approximately, but not exactly, to scale: they are magnified between 47 and 57 diameters, in most cases 50-53 diameters. Prater I. tg. 1. Sacium picaultianum, sp. n. Fig. 2. Ditto. Mentum. Fig. 3. Ditto. Underside of prothorax and anterior coxe. Fig. 4. Sacium grossintanum, sp. 0. Fig. 5. Ditto. Mentum. Fig. 6. Ditto. Underside of prothorax and anterior coxe. Mig. 7. Sacium roslanianum, sp. 0. Fig. 8. Ditto. Mentum. Fig. 9. Sactum rochonianum, sp. n. Mentum, vg. 10. Arthrolips insule-longe, sp.n. Outline. Fig. 11. Ditto. Punctuation and pubescence of thorax and elytra, to larger scale. Fig. 18. Daubania seychellarum, gen. et sp. 0. Puate II. Fig. 12. Metoderus quinssuanus, sp. 0. Fig. 13. Sericoderus (Anisomeristes) seychellensis, sp. n. Outline. Fig. 14. Ditto. Sculpture and pubescence of thorax and elytra, to larger scale. Fig. 15. Ditto. Antenna. 15a, joints 5 and 4 more highly magnified. Fig. 16. Sericoderus (Anisomeristes) pubipennis, Sharp. Antenna, 16a, joints 3 and 4 more highly magnified. Fig. 17. Sericoderus (8. str.) later alis, Gyll. Antenna. 17 a, joint 3 more highly magnitied, showing transverse line. Prate III. Fig. 19. Daubania seychellarum, gen. et sp. n. Antenna. Fig. 20. Oigarthrum waterhousei, Matthews. Antenna (from Matthews, Mon. Coryloph. pl. iv. fig. C 7). Fig. 21. Daubania seychellarum. Labrum. Fig. 22. Ditto. Mandible. Fig. 23. Ditto. Mavxilla. Fig. 24. Ditto. Labium. Fig. 25. Lewisium seychelleanum, sp.n. Antenna, 25 a, joints 3-6 more highly magnified. Fig. 26. Lewisium ceylonicum, Matthews. Antenna. 264, joints 3-6 more bighly magnified. Fig. 27. Lewisium seychelleanum. Labrum. Fig. 28. Lewisium sp. Labrum (from Matthews, pl. v. fig. A 3). ‘tg. 29, Catoptyx bowringi, Matthews. Labrum (from Matthews, pl. vi. fig. B 3). Fig. 30. Tauneien seychelleannm. Mandible. 30a, apex of another specimen from a different point of view. Mr. C. G. Lamb on Eeotic Chloropide. 33 Puate IV. Fig. 31. Lewisitum seychelleanum. Maxilla. Fig. 32. Lewisiwm ceylonicum, Maxilla. Fig. 33. Catoptyx bowringt, Maxilla (from Matthews, pl. vi. fig. B45). Fig. 34. Lewisium seychelleanum. Wabium, Fig. 35. Lewisium ceylonicum. Labium. Fig. 36. Catoptyx bowringi, Labium (from Matthews, pl. vi. fig. B 6). Fig. 87. Rhypobius aquilinus, sp. n. Outline. Fig. 40. Orthoperus munia, sp. n. Fig. 41. Ditto. Metasternum and first abdominal segment, middle and posterior coxal cavities shaded ; /., diverging metasternal line or stria. PLATE V. Fig. 38. Rhypobius aquilinus, sp. n. Antenna. 1g. 39. Gleosoma velox, Wollaston. Antenna. Fig. 42. Orthoperus munie, sp.n. Anterior tibia and tarsus, ¢. Fig. 43. Ditto. Ditto, °. Fig. 44. Orthoperus minutissimus, Matthews. Anterior tibia and tarsus, d. II.—Notes on Exotic Chloropide. By C. G. Lamp, M.A., B.Sc., Clare College, Cambridge. Ture following notes are based on material from two sources. The larger portion is the collection of Diptera in the Zoolo- gical Department of Cambridge University, and will be referred to as ‘‘Cam.Coll.”” In 1904 Mr. F. Muir presented a very large collection of Diptera from Africa to the Cam- bridge Museum, and his specimens will be marked “ F. M.” In addition, the Museum was indebted to Dr. G. A. K. Marshall for many other specimens from the same region, and there have been various other small accessory collections incorporated from time to time. The other portion consists of specimens kindly submitted to the author by Dr. G. A. K. Marshall—they are part of the extensive collection being formed by the Imperial Bureau of Entomology ; this will be referred to as “‘ Bur. Coll.” All the insects listed and described in the paper will be deposited in the British Museum, and hence no indication of the situation of the type-specimens will be given after the descriptions; they will all be in the British Museum. The task of dealing with this family is enormously lightened and simplified by the valuable and complete monographs of Th. Becker, which bring the information Ann. & Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 8. Vol. xix. 3 34 Mr. GC. G. Lamb on Exotic Chloropide. available up to the dates of publication of the same, and hence save much labour in searching out old records. These monographs are :— I. Theil. Palearctic Region. ‘-Archivum Zoologicum,’ 1. 1910. II. Theil. Ithiopic Region. Ann. Mus. Nat. Hung. vii. 1910. III. Theil. Indo-Australian Region. Ann. Mus. Nat. Hung, ix. 1911. IV. Theil. Nearctic Region, Neotropical Region, and Addendum. Ann. Mus. Nat. Hung. x. 1912. The last brings the list of known species in all the regions up to date ; it also contains a discussion of Enderlein’s new genera (Sitz. d. Gesell. Nat. Freunde, 1911), and clears up many points in that paper which at one time seemed likely to throw the classification into confusion. These monographs will be shortly referred to by the numbers I., I1., II., IV. after Becker’s name. As is so often the case, a considerable number of single specimens occur in both collections. Where the characters are quite unmistakable and striking, these single specimens have been described as the types of new species. When the specimen. agrees with fair accuracy with any published description, it has been thought best to place the insect under the existing name; but in general it will be found that this fact is referred to, and any differences recorded. The Chloropide form a very protean family and include great numbers of genera that run fairly closely into one another. It might be said that almost every positive character which limits the family may be separately absent in some genera—in fact, the allocation of an insect to the family is in many cases practically due to a “trained eye,” and cannot be logically justified by the limits of the defini- tions of the family. ‘This is possibly more true of this family than of any of the other Acalyptrate groups. It naturally results that the generic limitations follow the same tendency, and that the origial limits of a genus, as set by its founder, have to be transgressed, so that finally the “genus” sometimes bears little resemblance to the limited form originally prescribed. A good example of this is to compare Gaurax as founded by Loéw with Becker’s latest concept of the species forming that assemblage. Mr. C. G. Lamb on Exotic Chloropide. 35 Such a sequence of events is, from the nature of the case, inevitable, though it leads to much difficulty both in tracing species and in assigning genera. The fact is that in some groups of the Oscininz there is no natural line or lines of demarcation ; even the known forms merge into one another and share characters that should belong to different genera as originally defined; and when the world forms are really adequately studied there can be no doubt but that this tendency will be increased. It will follow that it is quite possible that the author may have assigned species to definite genera which, in the opinion of more experienced students, should be placed elsewhere. For this reason the descriptions are often made a little fuller than would be necessary to enable one to discriminate between the species of a sharply bounded genus such as Chyliza. For the same reason it will be found that he has been compelled to place species in genera whose specification does not exactly meet the case. A good example is Lagarv- ceras anomalum; if the head were removed it would be impossible to distinguish this species from one of thie described forms of Becker’s L. megalops ; but the antenna and vertical triangle are both considerably at variance with the forms described as characterizing the genus. Wide interpretation of generic limits is unavoidable in this family, for if definite and fixed generic characters were to be adhered to, the family would mainly consist of monotypic genera. The author hopes to be able to continue with some other of the Acalyptrate families if time and opportunity permit. Note.—To save space certain abbreviations will be used. When describing the head the word “ triangle” will refer to the fronto-vertical macula usually found there, though its shape varies greatly. The antennal joints will be referred to by number only—thus “ 3rd” will mean third joint of the antenna. In the case of the thorax the word “ callus ”’ will refer to the front thoracic callus unless qualified. Inthe wings the veins will be referred to by the old system of numbers as being more convenient and simple in this ease ; thus, “ 2nd” will mean the second long vein. Similarly, the costal segments will be referred to by the numbers of the long veins that end there—thus “2 to 3” means costal distance between ends of second and third loug veius measured on costa. qo 36 Mr. C. G. Lamb on Exotic Chloropide. CHLOROPINA. PacnuyLoruus, Loéw. The following species were in the collections :— P. lugens, Loéw. Cam. Coll., Durban (Ff. M.). P. splendidus, Ad. Cam. Coll., Durban (F. M.). P. proximus, Ad. Cam. Coll., Durban (7, M.). P. fossulatus, Ad. Cam. Coll., Durban (F. M.). P. varipes, Ad.; a very pale-legged form. Cam. Coll., Durban (/. M.). In addition, there were many specimens included in the ordinary black-vertexed section. To this section belongs Fig. 1. Fig. 2. Fig. 3. Fig. 1.— Wing of large form of P. frontalis. Fig. 2.— Wing of small form of P. frontalis. Fig. 3.—Wing of P. frontellinus (?). Loéw’s species P. frontalis ; Becker, in his monograph, only © recognizes as valid that single species in the section with black triangle, prominent head, and pale femora. Hesinks as synonyms both Bezzi’s P. tellinii and Speiser’s P. fron- tellinus. As regards the first, he makes out what is appa- rently a good case, but gives practically no reasons for the second. If one studies the fairly long series in the Cam. Coll., it can be seen at once that there are two quite definite venations present, shown in figs. 2 and 3. The species with the cross-veins fairly apart has a dullish frons, with the triangle little marked, but a raised shining black central Mr. C. G. Lamb on Exotic Chloropide. 37 line, and this form agrees quite well with the description of frontalis. The species with the more approximate veins is a little smaller and its vertical “triangle” is more shining ; the raised central line tends to be multiple—in fact, it agrees very closely indeed with Speiser’s description of frontellinus (Kilimandjaro Meru Exp., Diptera, x. p. 198). In the Bur. Coll. are specimens still more robust than the first species, with venation as in fig. 1] and with rather more glassy wings, but otherwise practically identical with the first series. It appears best to consider the first and last sets of speci- mens as belonging to frontalis, and the other to frontellinus ; in none of the published descriptions is any figure of the venation given. P. frontalis. Thelargeform: Bur. Coll., Durban (L. Bevis). The smaller form: Cam. Coll., Durban (/. @.). P. frontellinus. Cam. Coll., Durban (/. M.). Three species in the collection belong to the smaller section of the genus with a pale vertical triangle. Hitherto there are described but two species in this section (Becker, II., p. 388). Neither of these species accords with the specimens in the collection, and hence they must be con- sidered new. Pachylophus lituraticrus, sp. n. This species belongs to Becker’s section with pale legs and triangle (II. p. 387). Head (top view) :—Vertex nearly as broad as twice the visible eye-breadth, somewhat transversely concave on the front, bright dullish yellow; the triangle is shining orange without furrows &c., extending not quite to the frons, with a rounded darkened tip, very slightly concave sides, and with the vertical base just less than the eye-distance ; the ocellar ‘spot black. In profile the angle between the vertical and facial tangent-planes is a little less than 90°, the frons being just visibly prominent. The pale yellow cheeks are about 3 the depth of the 3rd joint; the latter is quite normal, yellow except for the part below aristal insertion; the latter is black and of usual form. Palpi yellow. Hind head orange; a darkening behind the ocellar spot, and a pale spot each side just at the top angle of the eye, on which the tiny vertical bristles stand. Thorax: dorsum elegantly striped; along the middle is a broad stripe of reddish brown bordered by pale narrow 38 Mr. C. G. Lamb on Exotic Chloropide. stripes, which are less covered with the tiny bristles clothing the rest of the dorsum—hence these pale stripes are made more conspicuous ; beyond these down to the noto- pleural suture the dorsum is again reddish brown, though less intense; callus with a black central spot surrounded by yellow; pleura orange, shining. Scutellum with its middle third occupied by a bright yellow longitudinal stripe, bounded by black, though the extreme hind angles are pale ; terminal crossed bristles just at the end of the black stripes ; the surface is very faintly and sparsely striate. The venation is exceptional; the cross-veins are much approximated, being separated by a distance rather less than 14 times the length of the hind cross-vein. The discal cross. vein is a little beyond the costal ending of the Ist ; wings clear, with pale orange veins. Halteres white. Legs all yellow except for an infuscation on the front tibia and tarsus and on the last joints of the other tarsi. A very striking and constant character is a darkened “ brand ” on the back of the hind tibia; this brand occupies about 4 the length of the tibia. Similar structures can be just seen on the legs of other species, but are not coloured in them ; they also occur in other Chloropid genera, The abdomen is the same colour as the thorax, the margins narrowly paler, and has a well-marked interrupted darkened middle line. The intensity of the reddish colour of the insect varies to a fair extent. Length (excluding antenne) nearly 3 mm. A long series in Cam. Coll., Durban (/. @.). Note.—It is just possible that this species is the same as Becker’s P. contractus (11. p. 393) ; but it is unlikely that so careful an observer should not mention the ‘ brand” or the relation of the cross-veins. Var.—There is a single specimen with a slightly paler triangle and no visible dark brand. This is in the Bur. Coil., Manganallur, Tangore. Although the localities are so far apart, the insect is not specifically separable, . SreLrocerus, Beck, S. lepidopus, Beck, Cam. Coll., from Chirinda Forest (G.'A. K..M.), Mr. C. G. Lamb on Evotic Chloropide. 39 Sleleocerus nigricornis, sp. n. This species is next to Becker’s S. longicollis (II. p. 401), but differs as follows :— The halteres are grey, not white; the jowls are larger, about 4 the depth of the third antennal joint ; the tongue is pale, uot black; the antennz are all deep black, not red ; legs a little paler; wings more normal, with rounded anal angle. Size 54 mm. Cam. Coll., Durban (Ff. M.). S. ensifer (?), Thoms. A single specimen agrees fairly with Thomson’s descrip- tion (Kug. Resa, p. 605), but it is possible that we have another species here. The legs are quite pale; the frontal triangle is not all yellow, but is very much suffused with shining brown, which does not, however, entirely cover the triangle, but occupies the base and shades otf forward. One cannot be sure of the identification from this single specimen. Bur. Coll., Mysore. There is an immature specimen in Bur. Coll. from Coim- batore, Madras, which is near S. formosus, Beck. Stelevcerus quadriviitatus, sp. 0. From the Chirinda Forest, S. Africa, we have a few specimens of a species of the ensifer-tenellus group. Head (top view) :—Frons yellow and dull, the triangle equilateral, with nearly straight sides; basally it practically touches the eyes and extends by a sharp point right to the front ; itis suffused with shining brown, which leaves narrow yellow side-lines and broader boundaries on the hind head, where the black part of the triangle’s base extends as a broad stripe down the hind head. Side view: outline fairly circular, the frontal and facial tangent-planes making about 90°, and the hind jowls large; eyes oval, oblique forwards, with narrow lower jowls less than half the width of 3rd ; all the side is whitish yellow. Antenne rather large, the 3rd projecting backwards a little, so as to be a longish oval with axis parallel to body-axis ; it is yellow, but darkened dorsally ; 2nd yellow, arista normal. Face, palpi, &c., all pale yellow. Though there are but few specimens, the thorax varies somewhat in amount of darkening ; dorsum with a broad 40 Mr. C. G. Lamb on Exotic Chloropide. black central stripe, sometimes getting browner behind, and extending forward right on to the prothorax ; ; each side i is a grey poliinated line of ochreous tone, which is moderately distinct till just before the scutellum, where it suddenly becomes very marked and forms an elongate spot at each side of scutellar base; similarly in front, just at level of calli, it again forms bright long spots ; beyond these grey lines the dorsum is as the mid- line, but is more darkened in front of the cross-suture, in one case quite black there. Calli shining, rather orange. Pleura all somewhat shining orange, with brownish boundaries to the sclerites ; the black spot over middle coxa may or may not be present. Scu- tellum darkened orange, in one case paler in centre ; terminal bristles long and crossed, and a few smaller aah ones. Wings clear with brown veins, 2nd ending about 3 down costa between 1 and 3. Halteres white, with orange stalks. Legs orange, with front tibia and tarsus a very little darkened, Abdomen yellowish at sides, the dorsum forming a broad darkened continuous stripe. Size (ex. antennz) just under 2 mm. Cam, Coll., Chirinda Forest, S.A. (G. A. K. M.). The second species is represented by but a single specimen, but it is very distinct from all the others. Steleocerus flavipes, sp. n. Head (top view) :—Abont 14 times as long as broad ; from vertex to the slightly prominent frons it is all bright yellow; the triangle is very shining, especially along its concave side boundaries ; these are slightly depressed, and the hair-lines on them are exceptionally well marked ; the sharp-pointed apex projects between the somewhat swollen autennal pits; basally it does not quite occupy the whole vertical breadti ; eye-margins narrowly silvery, especially in front; ocellar circle black ; hind head absolutely pale except for two excessively narrow dark lines from vertex. Side view :—The angle between frontal and facial planes is about. 75°; antenne all quite pale yellow, except that the 3rd joint is orange just at the insertion of tha black arista, which is more elezantly and regularly haired than in the other species. Jowls pale yellow; palpi pale. In front the mouth-margin is seen to be very narrowly darkened. ‘Thorax reddish orange, with the following greyish polli- nated stripes :-—Centrally a short narrow one extending but Mr. C. G. Lamb on Exotic Chloropide. 41 a little distance on the disc, each side of this another which runs to the outer angles of the scutellum, diverging as they go; beyond these the orange is very slightly suffused with grey; calli shiny orange, pleura the same. Scutellum blackened orange, slightly punctate. Wings yellowish, with orange veins; small cross-vein just perceptibly beyond the costal ending of the Ist; hind one about 3 times its length from the former, and-+with its distance from the lower end to the 5th vein-ending about 13 times the distance apart of the cross-veins. Halteres quite white, with yellowish stalks. Legs entirely yellow, with no darkening at all. Abdomen all darkened orange, with very narrow palish hind margins. Size nearly 3 mm. Cam. Coll., Mozambique (F. M.). Sieleocerus latiseta, sp. n. There is a single specimen of a very distinct species. Head (top view) :—Frons dull orange, lighter over an- tenn, the triangle is remarkable in form ; basally it just does not touch the eyes ; the margins are formed by raised straight ridges; about halfway a sudden diminution in breadth occurs, so that the side boundaries at that point are suddenly shifted inwards; the space between these forward parts of the ridges is necessarily a little depressed, but down the centre runs a very fine raised ridge, which goes to the front of the head to just behind where the side-ridges meet ina slightly rounded curve ; the whole is shining bluish black except the extreme tip, over which the frontal orange runs; ocelli bright chestnut. Back of head entirely black. Side-view :—Lyes very large, only leaving very narrow lower and fairly narrow hind orange jowls ; the orange frons is just visible, the 3rd is orbicular and all orange ; the arista is a little broader than usual and tapers to a fine point. Thorax : dorsum dullish black, pollinated more and more strongly with brown pollen towards the scutellum ; the pre- scutellar depression is present, but is not sharply demarcated from the rest. Scutellum as thorax, with divergent bristles. ‘the calli and an area below all orange, the pleura shining dark brown, with a few lighter areas interspersed. Wings clear, with brown veins, but with a faint smoky cloud between 3 and 4 extending nearly to level of costal euding of 2 ; the second vein long, as in lepidopus. Halteres with white knobs. 42 Mr. C. G. Lamb on Exotic Chloropide. Legs entirely yellow, except that the last two joints of the very slightly dilated front tarsi are suffused. Abdomen all rather shining brownish black. Size (ex. antennz) 2 mm. Cam. Coll., Chirinda Forest, S.A. (G. A. K. M.). Meromyza, Meig. M. capensis, Loéw. There is a long series in Cam. Coll. which shows the very considerable variation in abdominal and other infuscation that occurs in this species, Cam. Coll., Durban (F. M.). Cam. Coll., Salisbury, Mashonaland (G. A. K. M.). Bur. Coll., Zomba, Nyasaland (H. Stamus). Evurina, Meig. Eurina oculata, sp. n. There are two females in the Bur. Coll. which belong to this genus, but do not fit with any of the hitherto described species. The eyes are larger than in most, being more of the proportion shown by Meigen in S.B. vi. tab. lv. fig. 10, though the frons is less protuberant. Fig. 4. Eurina oculata, x 40. Head (top view):—Breadth nearly twice the distance from vertex to tip of frons; vertex concave ; eyes promi- nent and practically bare ; frons ending in a rounded cap containing the antennal bases. The colour of frons &e. is pale brown, dull; the rather darker triangle is nearly equi- lateral, more shiny, with base about % vertical cross-breadth ; Mr. C. G. Lamb on Exotic Chloropide. 43 it ends in a very sharp raised ridge extending to the an- tennal cap; the boundary is formed by two darkened furrows bordered interiorly by two or three smaller parallel furrows; the frons itself (along eye-margins exteriorly to the triangle) has two very deep and broad furrows extending along the sides of the triangle from the vertex to end of the triangle ; the minute pairs of vertical bristles stand at the beginning of these furrows. Ocelli brown, with tiny ocellars each side of the front ocellus. The hind head is darkened behind the ocellar triangle except along the actual vertex, which is yellow in two long confluent spots; the rest of hind head is brownish yellow. Side-view :—The eyes are larger than usual, nearly circular, though slightly longer horizontally than vertically; the frons is hence less prominent than usual, the distance from antennal base to eye-margin being about 0°3 of the hori- zoutal eye-breadth ; the profile is less triangular than usual, there being well-marked horizontal jowls of about + the eye-depth running into the frons by a concave face-line. The side is all brown-yellow except that the frons is there infuscate. Antenne black, small 2nd joint, 3rd elliptical ; arista pale, but brown on the swollen basal joint. The pale face has a slight central swelling below antenne. Palpi orange. Thorax discally grey ; two mid-stripes darker, extending from front to back, just separated till towards the scutellum, where they meet; alongside these stripes is an interrupted dark stripe forming a spot about the position of the cross- suture, and a longer continuing stripe extending to the scutellum ; just above the side-suture is a similar ly broken indistinct line ; ; callus and pleura dull orange-brown. Scu- tellum orange, swollen, rounded in profile, hairy, especially on the margins, though no true bristles are present ; it is darkened discally, with the orange showing through as a narrow stripe. Wings normal, with thick veins ; the thinning out of the 4th vein occurs suddenly at about } of its length; cross- vein rather oblique. Halteres orange, with dark stalk. Legs all orange-brown like the pleura, but slightly in- fuscate dorsally on all the femora (less so on the front pair), on the tibiz, and hind tarsi. Abdomen somewhat flattened, dark brown, with sharp narrow whitish margins ; ventrally all pale. Size 4 mm. Bur. Coll., Hagari, Madras Presidency. Note :—‘‘ Feeding on leaf-pareuchyma of grass.” 44 Mr. C. G. Lamb on Exotic Chloropide, Lacaroceras, Becker. There appear to be five species that fall within the limits of this genus, of which at least three appear to be un- described. They all agree with Becker’s diagnosis very fairly, except that in two of them the 3rd antennal joint is broader than he figures for his type-species, and is more simply a long oval ; there appears, however, to be no good reason for not placing them in his genus. L. megalops, Beck. There is a single specimen which agrees very fairly with Becker’s description and figure; the dorsum is quite blackened all over, so that the three stripes are here confluent. Cam. Coll., Mozambique (Ff. M.). Lagaroceras anomalum, sp. 0. There are several specimens of a species which very closely resembles the above specimen in thoracic and abdominal colour, in the legs and general facies, but is a little larger. The differences are, however, marked and constant; they are (1) the triangle, which has a different form; it is not truly leaf-shaped, as in the generic diagnosis, but is practically triangular, with concave (not convex) sides; it extends to the front of head: (2) the antenne are relatively shorter, though still nearly as long as the face ; the third joint is not quite twice as long as the second and is about 1} times as long as broad ; it is oval in form, with the upper tip sharply rounded. Size (excluding antennz) 3 mm. Cam. Coll., Durban (F. M.). Lagaroceras pulchellum, sp. n. This is a fine handsome species of the megalops group. Head (top view) :—As broad as thorax ; frons black except anteriorly just above the antennz, where it is orange; the surface is dusted with greyish pollen and has many small hairs; the triangle is highly polished black and is of a pointed leaf-shape, the sharp stalk extending right to the base of the antenne ; the base is rounded and occupies a little over 2 of the vertical breadth. The head-bristles are well marked ; the back of the head is black. Side-view :— Profile a little more trapezoidal than normal, the line from ie es eee Mr. C. G. Lamb on Exotic Chloropide. 45 antennal base to mouth-edge nearly straight ; jowls about equal in breadth to that of the 3rd antennal joint—they are silvery, as are the hind jowls. The antennez are inserted just on the edge of the orange frous and are just about as Fig. 5. Fig. 6. Fig. 5.—Lagaroceras anomalum, x 50. Fig. 6.—Lagaroceras longicorne (?), x 50. Fig. 7.—A. Lagaroceras megalops, X 35. B. Lagaroceras anomalum, x 35. Fig. 8.—Lagaroceras pulchellum, x 35. long as the face is deep; they are all darkish orange, except that the upper half and the tip of the 3rd joint are black- ened ; this joint is about 1} times as long as the 2nd, which 46 Mr. C. G. Lamb on Exotic Chloropide. is itself rather unusually long; arista white and closely pubescent as usual, with the smooth basal joint yellow. The face is shining black, with silvery lines from the an- tennal bases to the mouth and with silvery lower eye- margins ; palpi black. Thorax: the dorsum is finely granulated; the general ground-colour is dark greyish, with the following black marks :—a broad median line vanishing about halfway, a very fine black line running down the centre of each of the rather obsolescent furrows; beyond this a broadish line from just in front of the callus to the side of the scutellum, interrupted by the grey ground where the cross-suture should be; last d. c. well developed; pleura shining black, with oblique row of three pale yellow spots—a triangular one just behind the humeral callus, a sloping one on the mesopleura, a horizontal one above the mid-coxa, Scu- tellum pale orange, nearly flat, hairless, with long crossed terminal bristles and small accessory ones beside the main ones and close to them. Wings clear, with brownish veins ; the venation is not quite as given by Becker for megalops (I., tab. iil. fig. 47) ; the 2nd vein is quite parallel to the 3rd all the way, and the distances between the ends of 2 to 3and 3 to 4 are nearly equal. Legs orange ; femora progressively more infuscate from front to hind ; last tarsal joints dark. Abdomen entirely deep dull black, smooth. Size (ex. autenne) 34 mm. Cam. Coll., Durban (F. M.). To the section with dark and rather rugose scutellum belong two species. One of these will pass for L. longicorne of Thomson (Eug. Resa, p. 604). It agrees quite well with what would be a dark form of the species, though not so well with Becker’s description (I., p. 108). The remarkable antennze are even longer than may be inferred from the description ; the thorax can be described as black, rather rugose, with three narrow, smoother, grey stripes; the scutellum like thorax, centrally black, with the sides orange. It is possible that we have a new species here, but as there is but the single specimen, it is left provisionally in this species. Thomson’s species was from China, this is from S. India. Size (ex. antennz) nearly 3 mm. Bur. Coll., Coimbatore, Madras Presidency. Mr. C. G. Lamb on Exotic Chloropide. 47 The following is a second species of this section ; it occurs also as a single specimen which, like ZL. anomalum, has a rela- tively stout antenna—in fact, the antenna is practically as shown in fig. 5 (p. 45). Lagaroceras infuscatum, sp. un. Head (top view) :—Frons all palish ochreous brown, dull and black-haired, the triangle shining dark orange-brown and of peculiar shape; the basal part is about 2 as broad as the vertical cross-breadth ; it continues normally along the frons, but about midway is suddenly constricted, and then continues like a narrow spear-head to the antennal base ; each side of the constricted point is a yellow raised spot on the triangle ; the surface is somewhat variegated in striz and the middle area is rather darker than the rest; just at the hind eye-angles occur the usual pale spots carrying the vertical bristles. The f. 0. b. small, but distinct. Hind head all black. Side-view :—Frons a little prominent, covering the antennal base, brown; face-outline nearly linear, if anything slightly concave, from antenne to mouth. The total length of the antenne is about equal to the face; the 2nd joint about half as long as 3rd, which is a little less than twice as long as broad ; rounded oval in outline, all darkened except for a tiny spot of orange on the base of 8rd joint below ; arista normal, white and pubescent, with smooth pale yellow base. Jowls, lower and hind, palish yellow, the former about half the depth of 3rd joint. Palpi black. The face is darkened with a narrow emarginate paler mouth-margin ; the eyes have short silvery margins. Thorax: dorsum black and finely punctate, with three very narrow grey lines. Scutellum flattish, similar to thorax, with a dark orange median line, two terminal and one adja- cent smaller bristle each side. Pleura very shining brownish black, except for a yellow stripe just below the mesopleura. Wings with venation similar to pulchellum, 2nd and 3rd quite parallel, but the cross-vein is slightly sloped backwards. Halteres white, with a brown stalk. Legs orange, the femora progressively more infuscate from fore to hind pairs, the last tarsal joint darkened. Size (ex. autenne) 24 mm. Cam. Coll., Durban (F. M.). Haprecis, Loéw. Haplegis nitens, sp. n. A small form, considerably more shining than H. tarsata. 48 Mr. C. G. Lamb on Exotic Chloropide. Head (top view) :—Entirely black and somewhat shining, even on eye-borders; the triangle fairly close to eye on vertex, extending with the usual straight sides to a sharp point over antennee, excessively ‘shining, with the usual shallow but sharp depressed middle trough; the bordering hair-rows very indistinct. Hind head ‘all black. Side view :—Lower jowls dull orange and very narrow; antenne of normal form, 8rd black and round, 2nd bright orange ; arista black and finely pubescent, the longish. basal joints more orange. Face fairly silvery ; tongue and palpi blackened. Thorax all entirely shining black, including the scutellum, which has two longish end-bristles ; the whole dorsum has a regular clothing of very fine brown hairs; the pleura is faintly orange in some parts. Wings clear, normal in venation, brown veins. Halteres with almost white head. Legs entirely clear orange, including front coxa and all the tarsi. Abdomen shining black. Size 2 mm. Cam. Coll., Durban (F. .). Exvacuiptererctus, Beck. E. bistriatus, Beck. Specimens from Durban, Cam. Coll. (F. M.). Camarota, Meig. (Modo, Oseinis, Latr.) C. angustifrons, Bezzi. Specimens from Durban (F. M.) agreeing well with Bezzi’s description, . Mertaposticma, Beck, M. sauteri. Specimens in Bur. Coll. from Coimbatore, Madras. Cuatcipomyia, de Meijere. This genus was described in Tijd. v. Ent. (vol. lili. p. 156) as a Drosophilid, the error being due to the insect possessing a remarkable bipectinate arista. Becker redescribed it in its ee Mr. C. G. Lamb on Evotie Chioropide. 49 proper family as Hemispherisoma (II1I., p. 47). The syno- nymy was given by de Meijere in Tijd. v. Ent. (vol. lvi. p- 571). In both cases the specific name selected for the type-species had been poliius, but for some reason de Meijere changed it to beckeri, though both types were the same species. C. polita, de Meij. Specimens in Bur. Coll. from Taliparamba, Malabar, with the note :—“ In ginger-stems attacked by Dichocrocis.” CuromMatoprerum, Beck. Chromatopterum lacteiventre, sp. n. This species has the pubescent arista of the Indian species C. pubescens, Becker (L1I., p. 82), but its facies is that of the African C. delicatum, Becker (UL, p. 413). Head (top view) :—Frons almost entirely covered by the brilliant shining black ‘triangle,’ which has its sides con- tiguous with the eyes and a rounded front margin reaching to the antennal base ; its sides converge slightly to the front; the only part of the frons left uncovered by it are two small, dull orange, triangular patches each side in front ; the surface is broadly and shallowly depressed ; the ocellar hump is slightly raised and carries chestnut-coloured ocelli, Side-view :—The semicircular eyes cover the whole, pro- jecting beyond the face and leaving practically no lower jowls and only a small hind eye-border, which is shining black, as is the whole hind head. The antennal 3rd joint is almost orbicular, just a little longer than deep, orange on lower half, blackened on top; arista inserted basally, hair- like except for the small pale basal joint, finely pubescent ; 2nd jomt yellow. Face darkened orange ; palpi black. Thorax (including scutellum and pleura) all shining black, the dorsum just before the scutellum aud the seutellum itself very lightly dusted with orange pollen; the rounded and slightly swollen scutellum with moderately long slightly divergent end-bristles aud a few accessory side-hairs, Wings with venation as figured by Becker (II., tab. xi. fig. 10), but the blackening is different ; the front blackeuimg is confined to the first part of first vein, the space between it and where the auxiliary vein would be (like a long stigma), and the thickened black costa itself, from which a faint suffusion runs on to the neighbouring cell ; the end spot is smaller and discrete, it touches the costa midway between Ann. & Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 8. Vol. xix. 4 50 Mr. C. G. Lamb on Exotic Chloropide. the enls of 2 and 3, but does not extend to the end of wing or down to vein 3. Halteres with ivory-white heads. Legs mainly orange, all the coxe black and all femora broadly ringed with black. Abdomen: dorsum flattened, a little longer than broad, and tapering in outline from the base ; it is of a quite unique colour, being all suffused with a dense milky-blue glaze ; the last segment is considerably longer than the others; beneath, the abdomen is orange ; the Jast segment, which is bent under, is all shining black. Size about 1? mm. Cam. Coll., Peradeniya, Ceylon (J. C. F. Fryer). Ops, Becker. O. madagascariensis, End. A specimen in Cam. Coll., Durban (F. M.), differs from the ordinary form only in the femora being somewhat darkened. O. callichroma, Loéw. There are two specimens of this species—the one in Bur. Coll. from Nyasaland, in which the abdominal cross-bands are rather weak and indefinite. The other is a very bright and shining form, which might be taken as a subspecies, It is a little larger, and the “triangle” covering nearly all the frons is very deep excessively shining black instead of being shining brown. The abdominal markings are also | very clear and distinct ; they consist of the following on the yellow background :—Ist sexment with very short central bar ; 2ud arched bar with the springings situated basally ; 8rd broad, only Jeaving narrow hind margin yellow; 4th median, of half total breadth of segment; the pointed 5th has a narrow basal band. A specimen in Cam. Coll., Durban (Ff. 2,). Ops nigra, sp. Nn. The whole of head and thorax entirely shining black, except for the orange antenne and bright yellow scutellum. The vertical triangle does not cover the whole of the frons, but leaves eye-margins narrowly widening right from the vertex. Wings quite normal, clear. Mr. C. G. Lamb on Exotic Chloropide. 51 Legs orange, with coxa black ; femur very dusky except at tip. Knobs of halteres whitish orange. Abdomen orange, with dark bands somewhat similar in form to last species, but all of them broader in proportion and less well demarcated. Size 2 mm. Cam. Coll., Mozambique (Ff. M.). Cuuoropisca, Loéw. There are two single-specimen species—one resembling obscurella, but with a rounder head, the other like a true Chiorops, but with somewhat flattened scutellum. It is not advisable to describe from these single specimens. Cuxorors, Meig. C. contribula, Loéw. Cam. Coll., Durban (F. M.). C. levigata, Beck. Cam. Coll., Durban (F. ©). Chlorops zeylanica, sp. n. There is one species which will not accord with any of Becker’s species in the Indian fauna. It has a somewhat exceptionally prominent head (see fig. 9) and belongs to the section with fine white arista. Chiorops zeylanica, K 30. Head (top view) :—Frons (fig. 10) dull pale ochreous yellow covered with black hairs; the triangle very large, with its boundary well defined nearly up to the vertex, but there less so ; it extends to the extreme front, with slightly 4* 52 Mr. C. G. Lamb on Exotic Chloropide. coneave sides bordered with hair-lines, and it is the same colour as the frons but shining and suffused across the middle with pale brown, as shown by the dotted boundary- line in the figure; the ocellar spot is black; a very distinet but narrow furrow runs from front ocellus right to edge of frons. Hind head broadly black, with pale yellow bordering stripes starting from the vertical bristles. Side-view as in fig. 9; all yellow, the haired frons more orange, rest quite bare except for a few oral hairs. Antenne with yellow basal joints, deep black orbicular third ; arista white, basal joints a little suffuse, pubescence very fine. Face all pale yellow; palpi pale, but just perceptibly infuscate outside at tip ; tongue yellow. Thorax: dorsum moderately shining yellow, with black hairs ; three broad black stripes, the middle one beginning on neck and extending to scutellum, the side ones abbre- viated in front but meeting the middle one behind, so that they form an almost uninterrupted band on hind dorsum ; small side-lines above the wings run into the main pair; humeri pale yellow. Pleura pale yellow; a shining oval black spot ou the lower front angle of the mesopleura, the usual black triangle over the middle coxa, and a smallish black oval spot over the hind coxa. Wings normal, clear, thick-veined; in one of the two specimens both the hind cross-veins are broken in the middle. Halteres bright whitish yellow, with darkened stalk. Legs entirely yellow except that the front tarsus and last joints of the others are very faintly infuscate. Abdomen: dorsum all brown-black, slightly shining, the hind margins of all segments but last very narrowly yellow, the last broadly so; venter paler. Size (ex. antenne) 35 mm. Cam. Coll., Peradeniya, Ceylon (J. C. F. Fryer). PaRECTECEPHALA, Beck. Parectecephala varifrons, sp. n. A species in the Cam. Coll. is best assigned to this genus ; the triangle is rather longer than normal according to the descriptions of the known species. Head (top view, fig. 12) :—Frons about 23 times as broad as one eye and about 1} times longer than broad, projecting about } its length beyond a line touching the eyes in front ; eye-margins parallel, the projecting forehead narrowing a little and ending in a broad pointed tooth overhanging the Mr. C. G. Lamb on Evotie Chloropide. 53 antennal pits; frons bright dull orange, with small scattered black hairs ; the triangle has its base about 2 the breadth at vertex ; the bounding lines are nearly straight, a little raised, very narrowly yellow, and meet just beyond the level of the eyes; they continue nearly to the front in a shining yellow stalk; inside these narrow lines the triangle is mainly shining chestnut, but is variegated by lighter colours, Fig. 11. Parectecephala varifrons, sp. n., X 50. Fig. 12. Fig. 13. Parectecephala varifrons, sp. n., X 40, so that the most prominently visible chestnut part is a rhombus extending from the triangle’s tip to the front ocellus ; this area is also very shallowly hollowed out ; the lighter parts consist of (1) a pair of oval dull brightish yellow spots each side of the ocellar area, and extending thence right to the sides of the triangle; (2) two more orange and 54 Mr. C. G. Lamb on Exotic Chloropide. more shining spots extending from hind ocellus to the outer angles of the triangle. ‘The hind head is orange except for a large black patch extending from the base of the triangle. Side-view (fig. 13) :—All pale whitish yellow, the side of frons orange ; eyes very nearly circular ; jowls about depth of 3rd ; face somewhat concave ; antenne as fig. 11, but the arista for its last 3 is very faintly white pubescent, not bare as figured, 3rd joint orange with blackened tip ; tongue and palpi yellow. Face w hitish, unkeeled, but depre essed, the actual facial ridges being marked with a narrow pale grey line ; antennal pits well marked with dark shining chitinous edges. Thorax: dorsum dull palish orange ; a broad black central stripe from neck to end of scutellum—this is very intense up to about the middle of the dorsum, then gets much fainter, till it is very faint on the scutellum ; each side is another uniformly black line, rounded and abbreviated front and back, and diminishing that way in breadth; below is another very thin blackened line extending forward from just» above the wing for about 2 the pleural length. Scu- tellum fas above) ‘suffused centrally, sides orange, not fluttened, a little hairy, pair of terminal bristles ; meta- notum darkened ; the pleura all rather shining pale yellow, with a small elongate spot. Wings normal, clear, with brown-orange veins, the distance between cross-veins about equal to the last part of 5th; halteres with whitish knobs. Legs long, all yellow except for the last two darkened tarsal joints. Abdomen shining brownish orange, with very narrow pale segmental margins ; venter paler. Size 445 mm. Cam. Coll., Durban (F. M.). PEMPHIGONOTUS, gen. nov. In the Bur. Coll. are three specimens (1 g, 2 2) of a remarkable insect from Melville Island which exhibits marked sex-dimorphism. Characters common to both sexes :—Texture horny, macrochetes quite absent, though body hairy; scutellum very large, swollen, standing in profile well above the thoracic level (see fig. 14), with a flattened area of different texture; abdomen oval and flattened ; wings with very long discal cell (see fig. 14), the auxiliary and anal veins just yisible as “ shadows” of veins; legs long ; antenna like that Mr. C. G. Lamb on Fevotic Chloropide. 55 of a true Chlorops; the triangle narrow and ill-defined, with a better-detined narrow central line, only differen- tiated by shine from the rest of frous. The male has a remarkable arch in the first part of the costa, which carries a fringe of very long hairs; the mid- femur and tibia are also clothed with abundant long tangled hairs. Fig. 14. Pemphigonotus mirabilis, x 22. Pemphigonotus mirabilis, sp. n. The insect is all red-orange, slightly darkened in various places except where otherwise mentioned. 56 Mr. C. G. Lamb on Evotie Chloropide. é .—Head (top view, fig. 15) :—Frons bare, dull except for the very narrow redder mid-line extending ‘from ocellus to forehead and the narrow ill-bounded main triangle; no eve-mar sins ; hind head hairy at upper corners behind eyes. Side-view (fig. 14):—Antenne and palpi clear vellow ; : arista hair-like, pale ; tongue fleshy and hooked at tip. In front the face is wide, with no keel except a tiny bar be- tween antenne; margin of mouth arched. Thorax bare ou dorsum, which is flattened and dull except for a central shining line extending to the shining base; the sides above the notopleural suture and all the pleura are abundantly clothed with long pale hairs. Scutellum enor- mously swollen both sidew ays and upwards, smooth except for an extraordinary flattened arca on the dise, which is slightly dimpled ; the base towards thorax has two large blackened areas with a pale line between; it is hairy, with pale hairs, which are longest and regular on the margin ; notopleura smooth. Wings as fig. 14, the costal elevation from base to Ist vein with a row of long, dark, silky hairs; the whole surface much suffused except a rather narrow lower margin from axillary angle to near the end of the 5th, and agai from beyond that end to just across the 4th. ‘Halteres practically white. Legs long, hairy, all pale orange except for a slight suffu- sion on the front tibia and the darkened tarsi ; all the tarsi somewhat swollen. Tie middle femur and tibia with abun- dant long pale hairs. ; Abdomen flattened, long-oval, the maximum breadth being about twice the thoracie breadth. The 2 differs as follows:—Thorax not so dull and not flattened ; wings with no costal elevation, the whole costa being very gently curved in a continuous manner; no long hairs on costa; no long hairs on middle legs. Size about 5 mm. Bur. Cell., Melville Island, N. Australia (G. F. Hill). BaTuyPaRia, gen. nov. Becker describes a genus Euryparia (III., p. 84) which occurs in Formosa; it has very deep jowls, quadrate 3rd antennal joint, and is covered with white hairs. Among the Durban species there are several specimens of a very handsome smail Chloropid that have the above characters, Mr. C. G. Lamb on Evotic Chloropide. 57 especially the bright silvery clothing, and even a faint central wing-cloud, in common with Becker’s species; but they differ ‘greatly in that the eyes are long-oval and the antenne are smaller. The thorax in the species represented is black and not striped, and scutellar bristles are present. They must form the African equivalent of the Asiatic genus. Head (see figs. 16 & 17) :—The facial and frontal tangent- planes meet at about 120°; eyes long-oval, with axis nearly upright ; jowls very deep, about half the depth of the Jong eyes ; antenne nearly as long as face, with a practically rectangular 3rd joint about twice as long as broad, and a very fine, slender, bare arista, thickened basally. Frons par allel-sided, with a long rather narrow tr iangle from vertex to front only just differentiated by its extra shininess from the rest of frons. Wing-venation as fig. 18, the 3rd and 4th veins just not reaching the edge. The whole insect is covered with brilliant shining white hairs even on the frons; these are very stout and bright on the thorax and head, hat less so on the abdomen, Unlike Euryparia, there is a pair of scutellar bristles inserted in the same manner as in Ops. The palpi are quite peculiar, being rather stout, long, and spoon-shaped. Bathyparia preclara, sp. n. Head (top view) :—Chestuut-brown, the triangle more shining ; the silvery hairs along the triangle’s border bend across it ; eye-margins broad and very silvery ; the verticals and ocellars white ; hind head all black except just on vertex behind ocelli, where is a long yellowish stripe along the vertical ridge. Side-view:—Similar in colour, the broad hind eye-margin very silvery, as is the hind jowl. Antenna slightly darkened brown ; arista pale at base. The palpi are long, spoon-shaped, and silvery grey ; tongue dark. Face the same brown colour, side-ridges well developed ; no median keel, so that the antenne nearly touch basally. Thorax : dorsum, meso- and sternopleura all shining black and punctate, covered with bright silvery-white hairs arising from the punctures ; the rest of pleura bare. Scutellum bright yellow, with approximated pale terminal bristles and silvery hairs like thorax. Notopleura black and dull from very faint shagreen. Wings (see fig. 18) clear, with brown veins; in several specimens the central part is very faintly tinged with brown, Halteres pale yellow. 58 Mr. C. G. Lamb on Exotic Chloropide. Legs long, with slightly dilated tarsal joints, all covered with the fine white silky hairs; front pair all black except for orange trochanter and knees ; middle with orange tro- chanter, black femur, the rest nearly white; hiud with dark orange trochanter, femur black with pale knee, tibia pale Fig. 16. Fig. 17. Fig. 18. Bathyparia preclara, x 40. and more or less darkened about the middle, tarsi nearly white. Abdomen smooth, shining black, the silky hairs evident but sparse and fine, a little longer at upper angles. Size 24 mm. Cam, Coll., Back Beach, Durban (F. M.). Mr. G. J. Arrow on Melolonthine Coleoptera, 59 III.—Some Systematic Notes on Melolonthine Coleoptera. By Giutpert J. Arrow. (Published by permission of the Trustees of the British Museum.) Mr. L. Pirincuey, in his “ Catalogue of the Coleoptera of S: Africa ” (Trans. 'S. Afr. Phil. Soc. xiii. 19( )4, p. 174), puts at the head of the genus Sparrmannia a species which he ealls vertumnus, Pall. (with the names alopex, 1'., and brunnipennis, Gast, as synonyms), mentioning a typical form with pale testaceous colour as inhabiting ‘the Karroo region, and a form with “light” (apparently meaning dark) chestnut elytra in Namaqualand, Bushmanland, and Damara- land. The recent Catalogue of Dalla Torre adopts this synonymy, but separates as a variety the dark form brunni- pennis. Dr. H. Brauns has lately sent a series of this dark form, which he has found in abundance in the Uniondale district of Cape Colony, while the light form is equally abundant in the Willowmore district, only 42 miles to the south, but separated by the range of the Zwaartberg runuing from west to east across the continent. Examination has proved that the two forms are quite distinct, and Fabricius’s description shows that itis the dark form which is the true S. aloper. It was Fabricius himself who, in his Syst. Eleut. ii. p. 163, identified this insect with the Staraberue vertumnus of Pallas, but with strange carelessness, for the latter is a Russian species, apparently belonging to the genus Rhizotrogus. The light-coloured Sparrmannia, described at length by Péringuey, is therefore without a name, and I propose to call it Sparrmannia flava, sp. n. In addition to the pale-coloured elytra, this species differs from S. alopex in their more distinct and regular punctura- tion, in the longer tarsi of both sexes, and especially in the longer middle tarsi and more dilated hind tibiz of the male. Ak he edeagus is figured by Péringuey. That of S. alopex is much shorter and blunter, Dr. Brauns states that, while S. flava occurs together with S. alopew north of the dividing range, he has never seen the latter south of the mountains, aud that no specimens of intermediate coloration are found. 8. flava generally appears at Willowmore towards Christmas time, while S. alopex is later, generally appearing in January 60 Mr. G. J. Arrow on Melolonthine Coleoptera. and February. Both are nocturnal, and hide in loose soil during the day. There is another closely similar species, of which specimens are probably included amongst those enumerated by Périn- guey, and which [ have wrongly determined as S. ver- tumnus in Denkschr. Med. Nat. Gesellsch. xiii. 1908, p. 438. I now eall it Sparrmannia similis, sp. N. Pallide flava, capite, pronoto, scutello, pectore abdomineque longe et densissime lanatis. S. flave valde similis, sed clypeo paulo minus profunde exciso, elytris crebrius sed minus distincte punctatis tarsisque paulo minus elongatis, Long. 22 mm.; lat. 11°5 mm. Hab. §.W. Arrica: Hereroland. This has an extremely close resemblance to S. flava, but the elytra are finely and confusedly, instead of strongly and sparingly, punctured, the clypeus is acutely, but less deeply, notched in the middle, and its sides a little less rounded, and the tarsi, or, at least, the middle ones of the male, are not quite so long. The eedeagus of the male is drawn out intoa tube just behind the orifice. Upon p. 287 of his Catalogue already referred to, Mr. Péringuey recognizes two Soutli-African species only of the genus Asthenopholis—subfasciatus, Blanch., and crassus, Arrow ; but the species to which he has wrongly applied the Jatter name is evidently the true A. adspersus, Boh. (=trans- vaalensis, Brenske), and in A. subfasciatus he has included the quite distinct A. minor, Brenske. These four species may be distinguished as follows :-— I. Scutellum well punctured; hind tibia little dilated at the end. a. Scales of the upper surface long and hair-like. sbfasciatus, Bl. b. Scales of the upper surface short and broad .. ménor, Brenske. LU. Seutellum smooth or almost smooth ; hind tibia strongly dilated at the end. c. Pronotum moderately covered with long sete. adspersus, Bohem, d. Pronotum closely covered with oval scales .. ecrassus, Arrow. A. subfasciatus seems to be confined to Cape Colony, A. minor to Natal, A. adspersus to Natal and the Transvaal, whilst A. crassus is known only from British East Africa. Brenske’s species were determined for me by himself, and Mr. Péringuey has certainly determined them wrongly, Mr. G. J. Arrow on Melolonthine Coleoptera. 61 although he has had the assistance of type-specimens. The genitalia of the males are quite different in the three species he has united, notwithstanding lis statement. Mr. Péringuey has founded a genus Luronycha, but has not included in his Catalogue the genus Triodonta, of which many African species are known; and as the sole character by which he differentiates Euronycha (a feature of the male alone) is found in Triodonta, they must be considered the same. The type of Heterochelus gonager, F., in the British Museum is the species called by Burmeister H. longipes, as Mr. Péringuey has recorded upon my authority (‘l'rans. 8. Afr. Phil. Soc. xiii. 1908, p. 698) ; but the quite different species to which the name gonager was applied both by Burmeister and by himself in vol. xii. of the above work remaius without any available name. 1 propose to call it Heterochelus melanopygus, sp. 0. The two following species of South-African Hopliini were described several years ago at Professor Poulton’s request, but the descriptions have remained unpublished. ‘The insects were amongst those collected more than a century ago by the African traveller Burchell, and now in the British and Oxford Museums. The data are taken from Burchell’s note- books in Professor Poulton’s possession. Gouna burchelli, sp. n. Rather large, broad, sooty black, naked above, beneath thinly clothed with black hairs and a few white scales at the sides ; head broad, rather convex and rugose above, clypeus short, not angulate but bilobed ; prothorax rather broader than long, strongly contracted in front, front angles acute, hind angles very obtuse, surface finely punctate, with a faint longitudinal channel ; scutellum small, almost semicircular ; elytra broad, faintly costate, irregularly and inconspicuously punctured ; pygidium (male) large, inturned, transversely punctate-rugose ; legs (male) rather long, hind ones slightly thickened, unarmed, front tibie tridentate, the innermost tooth rather small and distant, all the claws single and minutely cleft, but those of the hind legs hardly visibly. Length 9 mm. ; greatest breadth 5 mm. Locality. Burchell’s two specimens (nos. 318 and 319) 62 Mr. G. J. Arrow on Melolonthine Coleoptera, were captured on the morning of Nov. 3, 1814, at Duyker River, in the south of Cape Colony, a little to the west of Mossel Bay. The type is one of three specimens in the British Museum derived from the Pascoe Collection. There are also four from the Fry Collection and one from the Reiche Cellection, All these, as well as the two brought by Burchell, are males, and the other sex remains still unknown. ‘The species was wrongly identified with Monochelus spinipes, F., by Reiche, and has a general resemblance to that insect, but its structural characters are not those of Monochelus. They «gree with those formulated by Mr. Péringuey for his genus Gouna, one of those created by the dismemberment of the old Gymnoloma. This dis- memberment is very unsatisfactory, since by a process of elimination the original genus is left without tangible differ- ential features at all. The present form, however, is nearly related to Gymnoloma lineolata, the type of Gouna, although much larger and broader. Its comparatively large size and sooty-black surface render it easily recognizable. I at first suspected that the absence of scales from the upper surface miglt be due to age; but the specimens are in general well preserved, and, as all agree in being smooth on the upper 5 surface, they are evidently in their natural condition. Dicranoenemus burchelli, sp, n. Fuscous, with the elytra and legs reddish. Rather elon- gate, the thorax distinctly longer than wide and not gibbous, Clypeus parabolical, the front margin very slightly reflexed and with scarcely visible angles. Upper surface of the head uniformly finely rugose and pubescent. Prothorax mode- rately convex, the sides regularly rounded and converging forwards. Front angles acute, hind angles obsolete. g. Prothorax finely rugose and densely clothed with rather short tawny pubescence, which changes into scales at the posterior margin. ‘Lhe median sulcus is deep behind, but vanishes beyond the middle. The scutellum is clothed with elongate whitish scales and the elytra with round scales varying in colour from chocolate to pale yellow, the light ones forming a median longitudinal stripe which is broadest near the shoulder, a sutural stripe broadest at the apical end, and a guadrate patch between these. The pygidium and propygidium are densely covered with orange scales, with a darker band at the base of the former. The claws of the middle feet are without a basal appendage Length 5°5 mm, Mr. G. J. Arrow on Melolonthine Coleoptera. 63 9. The prothorax is without a median sulcus. It is not finely rugose, but strongly punctured, and clothed with preyish hair, longer but less dense than that of the male. There are no scales. The elytra are more thinly clothed with decumbent set of an almost uniform tawny colour. Length 4:5 mm. Hab. Burchell’s eight specimens, all of which are accounted for, were captured in flowers, five of them at Uitenhage (Nov. 28 and Dec. 1, 1813), and two between Kra Ka Kamma and Van Stade’s River (Feb. 7, 1814), near (S.W. of) Uitenhage. ‘Two from each locality are in the British Museum, but there is no means of associating these specimens with their precise data, Types (g and @ ) in British Museum. The description is based upon nos. 1303 and 1305 in the British Museum. ‘The specimen numbered 1308 is rather smaller and shorter, and may possibly prove to be distinct ; but it is most likely only an aberrant individual of the same form. From the description, this species must be very nearly related to D. hypocrita, Péringuey, which has on each elytron two discoidal bands of pale scales coalescing at thie middle, whereas ouly one is present in our form, In the female no pattern is traceable. A male and female of the species were compared by Mr. Guy Marshall and Mr. Périn- guey with the Péringuey type at Cape Town and the 9? (293) named JL/eterochelus longipes, Burm., tle g (294) Dicrano- cnemus squamosus, Burm, Both, however, show the form of front tibia distinctive of Jicranocnemus, while D. squamosus is characterized by a peculiar formation ‘of the middle claws of the g which is absent here. D. burchelii is one of the very numerous species of this group of which the sexes are guite dissimilar, so that, in the absence of sufficient evidence, they are frequently associated wrongly. The question has been settled for us in the present instance by Burchell. -Four males and four females were taken by him, and of these one of each given to the British Museum were placed on the same pin, showing his conclusion that they belonged to a single species. It will be seen in the above description that, in addition toa difference of shape, the elytra of the male are decorated with orange scales, with a paler sutural patch and longitudinal stripe upon each, while the female is uniformly clothed with grey hair. Hence it is not surprising that, in the absence of direct evidence, they should have been assigned to different species, and even different genera. 64 Mr. G. J. Arrow on Melolonthine Coleoptera. Both generic and specific names of Blackburn’s Neolepid/ota obscura are redundant, the insect being a common Indian species, Holotrichia serrata, F., of which an old specimen in bad condition and of unknown origin unfortunately fell into Blackburn’s hands. It is now in the British Museum. I believe Lepidiota bovilli, Blackb., to be identical with L. rothei, Blackb. In spite of a careful comparison of his types, I am quite unable to detect the differences mentioned by him. NEMATOSERICA, gen. nov. Corpus nonnihil elongatum. Mesosternum haud productum, sat latum. Pedes graciles, tibia antica lata, bidentata, postica modice angusta, fortiter spinosa, tarsorum posticorum articulo primo quam secundum duaplo longiori. Ungues profunde fissi, parte interna brevi et lata. Antenne 10-articulate, clava( ¢ ) quadri- articulata, longissima, lamellis equalibus; (@) triarticulata. Clypeus ,vix angustatus, margine antico reflexo, subtiliter sinuato, superficie anteriori haud lato. Oculi haud magni, remoti. Prothoracis latera postice sinuati, angulis posticis acutis, Elytrorum margines postici arcuati, ad suturam depressi. Nematoserica cerulea, sp. n. Cerulea vel viridi-crulea, sericea, clypeo tibiis tarsisque nitidis, antennis nigris ; modice elongata, convexa, capite, corpore subtus pygidioque “pallide setosis, ely trorum Jateribus fortiter migro- setosis, clypeo parce punctato, margine valde reflexo, antice sub- tiliter sinuato; pronoto parcissime punctato, lateribus bisinuatis, angulis posticis acutis, paulo productis, basi utrinque late impresso; elytris fortiter sulcatis, sulcis sat vage punctatis, apicibus separatim arcuatis, parte postica ad suturam depressa, corpore subtus opaco, grosse setoso ; pygidio sat fortiter punctato. Long. 5-5°5 mm.; lat. max. 3-3°5 mm. Hab. Borneo (Sarawak): Puak (G. EZ. Bryant, April, May). Type in the British Museum. This beautiful little insect is chiefly remarkable for the length of the 4-jointed antennal club of the male, which is relatively longer than in any other species of Sericine known tome. The tour lamelle are of equal length—at least five times as long as the foot-stalk—and little shorter than the elytra. he bright blue or gieenish-blue colour is also, so far as I know, unique. The upper surface is silky and sub- opaque, with the clypeus alone shining, the margin of the SOP. ey 5 ape rrp SRT On new Pyralide of the Subfamily Pyraline. 65 latter broadly reflexed, the front margin very gently excised, and a rowof stiff bristles traversing the middle from side to side. Lhe eyes are rather small and far apart. The lateral margins of the prothorax are distinetly sinuated in their posterior half, the hind angles a little produced and acute and the base impressed on each side. Thi elytra are sulcate and the sulci contain rather coarse but shallow punctures. The genus is apparently related to Zeraserica, which I do not know, and which has been described from the male alone, the antenna of which has the last four joints rather long but much less elongate than in the present insect. This has not the forehead narrow and the eyes very large and prominent, as in Teraserica. The strongly bisinuated sides of the prothorax and acutely produced hind angles are very characteristic, and another peculiarity which, so tar as I know, is not found elsewhere is in the shape of the elytra. ‘hese are separately rounded at their hinder margins, with the sutural angles extremely blunt, so that a wide angle is formed and a considerable part of the abdomen exposed. ‘The peculiar appearance, however, is chiefly due to the fact that this part of the elytra is strongly depressed along the suture. IV.—Descriptions of New Pyralide of the Subfamilies Epipaschiane, Chrysaugine, Endotrichinz, and Pyraline. By Sir Georce F. Hampson, Bart., F'.Z.8., &c. [Concluded from vol. xviii. p. 373.] (26) Pyralis nigricilialis, sp. n. $. Head and thorax creamy white tinged with purplish red, especially the tegule; antennz purplish red; abdomen creamy white mixed with purplish red and dorsally banded with black except at base and extremity. Fore wing creamy white mixed with purplish red, the basal area suifused with black except at base of inner margin, the costa black, rather ditfused towards apex; antemedial line defining the black area, creamy white slightly defined on outer side by purplish-red and black scales, excurved below costa; the medial part of costa with three white oints ; a round white spot defined by purplish red at upper angle of cell, another below the lower angle conjoined to a patch of confluent annuli beyond the lower angle, and another annulus on vein 1; postmedial line white defined on each side by purplish red, oblique to discal fold, then slightly waved ; cilia black mixed Ann. & Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 8. Vol. xix. 5 66 Sir G. IF’. Hampson on new with some purplish red. Hind wing creamy white mixed with purplish red, the basal area suffused with black; an oblique slightly sinuous white antemedial line defined on outer side by purplish pink and some black scales; a white patch defined by purplish red and with purplish-red point in centre at lower angle of cell; postmedial line white defined on each side by purplish rel and some black scales, waved; an interrupted purplish-red line with some black scales on it before termen; cilia black mixed with some purplish red. Unterside purplish red; fore wing with the costa black with white points on it to beyond middle ; hind wing with waved white postmedial line defined by deeper purplish red. Hab. Br. E. Arrica, Nairobi (Anderson), 13; Br. C. AFrica, Mt. Mlanje (.Veave). 1 ¢ type. Exp. 16 mm. (2c) Pyralis trifolialis, sp. n. ¢. Head, thorax, and abdomen white mixed with purplish red, the antenne and tegule purplish red, the abdomen irrorated with some blackish scales; sides of frons and palpi blackish, the latter with the extremities of 2nd and 3rd joints white; fore legs blackish, the tarsi ringed with white; pectus, mid and hind legs, and ventral surface of abdomen white tinged with red-brown. Fore wing creamy white mixed with purplish red and irrorated with a few black scales, the terminal area more suffused with purplish red; antemedial line white defined on each side by purplish red, slightly sinuous, a small white spot defined by purplish red on its outer side at vein 1; the medial part of costa black with four white points on it; a small white spot with purplish-red annulus at upper angle of cell, others below the lower angle of cell and on vein 1, and a trifoliate patch beyond lower angle of cell; postmedial line white defined on each side by purplish red, expanding at costa, excurved to near termen at middle, and ending at tornus; cilia fuscous black with a fine white line at base. Hind wing with the basal area white mixed with black and some purplish red, the medial area purplish red irrorated with black especially towards inner margin, the terminal area purplish red mixed with whitish and black; a slightly sinuous white antemedial line defined on each side by blackish; a figure-of-eight-shaped white discoidal spot defined by blackish and with black points in its upper and lower parts ; postmedial line white defined on each side by blackish, waved, excurved between veins 6 and 3; cilia fuscous black with a tine white line at base. Underside whitish suffused with red- brown ; fore wing with the costa black with white points on it to beyond middle; hind wing with the postmedial line whitish and indistinct. Hab, Gouv Coast, Kumasi (Sanders), 1 6 type. Eup. 12 mm. Pyralide of the Subfamily Pyraline, 67 (2d) Pyralis atrisparsalis, sp. n. 2. Head whitish suffused with purplish pink; thorax and abdomen purplish pink mixed with some whitish and strongly irrorated with black, the pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen less strongly irrorated. Fore wing purplish pink mixed with some whitish and strongly irrorated with black, especially on basal area except towards costa; antemedial line strong, whitish defined on each side by black, oblique to submedian fold, where it is angled outwards, angled inwards at vein 1; a small blackish discoidal spot; a whitish patch on costal area towards apex, the whitish subterminal line arising from it, excurved to vein 3, then incurved; the termen purplish pink. Hind wing whitish tinged with purplish pink, the terminal half suffused with fuscous and irrorated with black towards tornus ; a whitish postmedial line, excurved at middle and angled out- wards at veins 3 and 2, then oblique to tornus; the termen purplish pink; cilia whitish, mixed with pink and black at tips. Underside whitish mixed with pink and fuscous; fore wing with the subterminal line indistinct, except the patch on costal area ; hind wing with whitish postmedial line excurved at middle. Hab. N. Nigerta, Zungeru (Macfie), 1 2 type. Hvrp. 18 mm. (8a) Pyralis costinotalis, sp. n. 3. Head and thorax pale rufous; abdomen whitish suffused with red-brown; antennz brownish ; palpi and legs whitish suf- fused with red-brown. Fore wing rufous tinged with purplish red; antemedial line white defined on outer side by black, expanding into a wedge-shaped mark at costa, to which it is slightly incurved; the medial part of costa with alternating black and white points; a slight blackish discoidal spot; post- medial line white defined on inner side by blackish, expanding into a wedge-shaped mark at costa, then excurved and very slightly waved; a faint maculate brownish terminal band; a fine whitish line at base of cilia. Hind wing whitish suffused with rufous to the postmedial line except on costal area, the terminal area wrorated with brown; an oblique sinuous white antemedial line, joined at inner margin by the white postmedial line, which is excurved at middle, then slightly waved; a terminal series of small brown spots; cilia with a brown line near tips. Underside whitish suffused with reddish brown; fore wing with series of whitish and dark brown points on costa to the postmedial line ; both wings with slight blackish discoidal spot and slightly waved whitish postmedial line defined on inner side by brown and excurved at middle. (13a) Pyralis rufibasalis, sp. n. d. Head and thorax red-brown ; abdomen white suffused with pale olive; legs red-brown; pectus and ventral surface of abdomen Feel 68 Sir G. F, Hampson on new whitish tinged with red-brown. Fore wing with the basal area rufous irrorated with red- brown, the rest of wing white tinged with olive; a small black discoidal spot; the curved postmedial line indicated by a faint olive shade on its inner side. Hind wing white tinged with olive; a diffused black patch on basal area; a small black diseoidal spot; a diffused curved olive post- me agai line. Underside white thickly irrorated with black-brown ; hind wing with small black discoidal spot and diffused curved dark postmedial line. Hab. Goup Coast, Kumasi (Sanders), 13; 8S. Nreepta, Tlesha (Humfrey), 1 ¢ type. Exp. 14-16 mm. ) (136) Pyralis roséitincta, sp. n. $. Head, thorax, and abdomen white tinged with pale reds brown. Fore wing white suffused with pale red-brown except towards the costa and termen; a curved white -antemedial line with a patch tinged with rose- pink before it except at costa and inner margin; a slig ht red-brown discoidal spot; a sinuous white. postmedial line w ith a rose -pink shade beyond it. Hind wing white suffused with pale red-brown except at termen; a curved white antemedial line; a white postmedial line excurved at middle and above inner margin and with rose-pink shade beyond it. Underside white tinged with rufous; hind wing with curved white postmedial ve Hab. Br. C. Arnica, Mt. Mlanje (Neave),1 3 type. EHzp. 14 mm. (16d) Pyralis tyrialis, sp. n. ©. Head, thorax, and abdomen brownish ochreous, the head, thorax, and two basal segments of abdomen suffused with purplish erimson ; palpi, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen brownish ochreous. Fore wing brownish ochreous suffused with purplish crimson and slightly irrorated with dark brown; a fine curved white antemedial line; a small black discoidal spot; a white post- medial line, excurved at middle; cilia white and blackish. Hind wing brow nish ochreous strongly suffused with purplish crimson and “rrorated with black; indistinct curved white ante- and post- medial lines defined by black scales ; a blackish terminal line; cilia blackish. Underside ochreous suffused and irrorated with browse Hab. Gowrv Coast, Bibianaha (Spurrell), 1 Q type. Hap. 18 mm. (16 ¢) Pyralis phenicealis, sp. n. 2. Head, thorax, and abdomen ochreous brown with a crimson band on 2nd segment of abdomen; palpi with some dark brown at sides; fore legs suffused with dark brown. Fore wing silky ochreous brown; the costal area irrorated with some dark scales, the medial part of costa with series of black points and the terminal part of costa glossy black ; two indistinct crimson sub- Pyralidee of the Subfamily Pyraline. 69 basal lines; a crimson and blackish point in middle of cell and small discoidal spot; a crimson point at middle of submedian fold and bar at inner margin; a postmedial crimson point at discal fold and bar from submedian fold to inner margin; a curved diffused crimson subterminal line and a terminal band except on the black costal area; cilia deep crimson. Hind wing glossy ochreous brown; a crimson subbasal patch from cell to inner margin; a discoidal patch with oblique line from it to inner margin ; a strong postimedial line somewhat excurved at middle; a subterminal band expanding into a patch at costa, and a narrow band before the ochreous terminal line; cilia deepcrimson. Under- side ochreous suffused with fuscous brown: fore wing with some pale points on medial part of costa and both wings with pale curved postmedial line. Hab. Goirp Coast, Bibianaha (Spurrell) 1 2 type. Exp. 18 mm. (19a) Pyralis exumbralis, sp. n. 3S. Head, thorax, and abdomen brownish ochreous. Fore wing ochreous; a rather diffused fuscous patch below the cell; a small black discoidal spot; a fuscous subterminal shade, not reaching” the costa and narrowing to tornus. Hind wing ochreous; a sub- basal patch of black irroration, the rest of wing irorated with fuscous ; a curved whitish postmedial line. Underside ochreous irrorated with fuscous; fore wing with blackish discoidal point and both wings with whitish postme@ial line. Hab. Goip Coast, Bibianaha (Spurrell) 1 S type. Exp. 16 mm. (16) Pyralis favirubralis, sp. n. 3. Head, thorax, and abdomen purplish red mixed with some yellowish. Fore wing purplish red slightly irrorated with brownish, the medial area yellow irrorated with red and more suffused with red towards inner margin ; antemedial line whitish, slightly sinuous below the cell; a blackish discoidal point; postmedial line whitish, ineurved below discal fold ; cilia yellowish tinged with red. Hind wing purplish red thickly irrorated with fuscous; an indistinct. oblique slightly sinuous whitish antemedial line and curved slightly waved postmedial line; cilia purplish red with a fine white line at base... Underside ochreous white irrorated with red; both wings with smal] blackish discoidal spot. Hab. Transvaat, White R. (Cooke), 1 3 type. Exp. 18mm. (1d) Pyralis perpulverea, sp. n. @. Head and thorax whitish tinged with rufous and irrorated with dark brown; abdomen whitish tinged with rufous; palpi, pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen rufous, the tarsi dark brown ringed with white. Fore wing rufous mixed with some whitish, especially towards inner margin and thickly irrorated with 70 Sir G. F. Hampson on new fuscous ; a slight blackish discoidal striga ; cilia black mixed with some grey, a pale reddish line at base “and some reddish scales at tips. Hind wing whitish tinged with rufous; cilia rufous with a fine whitish line at base and dark line near tip except towards tornus. Underside of fore wing pale fuscous brown, the costal and terminal areas rufous; hind wing whitish tinged with red-brown, the apical area rufous. Hab. Br. C. Arrica, Mt. Mlanje (Weave), 1 2 type; Port. E. Arrica, Mt. Chiperone (Neave),1 9. Hap. 22 mm. (Le) Tegulifera irroralis, sp. 0 2. Head, thorax, and abdomen brownish grey irrorated with black; the anal tuft rufous; antenne whitish ringed with black. Fore wing brownish grey tinged with rufous especially towards costa and “irorated with black ; ; a series of whitish points on costa with some blackish between them except towards base ; a terminal series of black bars; cilia fuscous with a fine whitish line at base and blackish line near tips. Hind wing brownish grey tinged with rufous and irrorated with black; an indistinet pale curved post- medial line defined on inner side by blackish; a terminal series of black striz; cilia fuscous mixed with grey, a fine whitish line near base and blackish line near tips. Underside of fore wing rufous irrorated with blackish, the inner area whitish; a series of white points on costa with black between them, a blackish discoidal striga, a pale subterminal line defined on inner side by blackish, angled outwards to termen at vein 3; hind wing pale rufous wrorated with blackish, a black discoidal point and postmedial line defined on outer side by whitish and excurved at middle. Hab. W. Arnica (Dudgeon), 1 9 type; 8S. Nigeria, Lagos (Sir G. Carter),1 2. Hap. 16 mm. (26) Tegulifera purpurascens, sp. un. 3. Head and thorax purplish red with a few fuscous scales; abdomen ochreous suffused with purplish red and irrorated with black, the extremity clear ochreous; palpi black at tips; pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen purplish red irrorated with black. Fore wing purplish red irrorated with black ; a rather irre- gularly waved almost medial black line defined on inner side by diffused ochreous; the medial part of costa with some whitish points with black between them; postmedial line black defined on outer side by diffused ochreous, waved, excurved between veins 5 and 2 and incurved at submedian fold ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing ochreous suffused with purplish red and irrorated with fuscous ; traces of a curved blackish antemedial line and a distinet curved postmedial line; a terminal series of black points. Underside ochreous tinged with purplish red; both wings with small black discoidal spot and curved postmedial line. Hab. 8. Nigerta (Sampson), 1 d type. Exp. 22 mm. Pyralidee of the Sulfumily Pyraline., 71 (2d) Tegulifera eleomesa, sp. n. 3. Head and thorax pale olive-brown, the vertex of head and tips of patagia tinged with purplish red ; abdomen pale olive-brown suffused with purplish red towards base and irrorated with some black scales towards extremity; pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen whitish suffused with purplish’ red and irrorated with black. Fore wing pale olive-brown, the terminal area purplish red irrorated with black; a curved whitish antemedial line with a purplish-red patch irrorated with black before it from cell to inner margin; the medial part of costa with some white points with black between them ; a black discoidal point; a slightly in- curved white postmedial line with some black irroration before it below the cell; a fine white line at base of cilia. Hind wing purplish red irrorated with black ; two curved whitish medial lines, the area between them suffused with blackish ; a fine white line at base of cilia. Underside purplish red irrorated with black and mixed with whitish towards base; both wings with obscure black discoidal spots; fore wing with the postmedial line indistinct ; hind wing with slightly waved, white, medial line defined on inner side by rather diffused black. Hab. Gown Coast, Aburi (Johnston), 1 ¢, Bibianaha (Spur- rell), 2 3 type. Exp. 14 mm. (29) Tegulifera obovalis, sp. n. Head and thorax pale red with a few fuscous scales ; abdomen pale reddish, the base purplish red; subdorsal black fascie except at base, connected dorsally on 2nd segment and on two terminal segments ; pectus, legs, and ventral surtace of abdomen pale reddish. Fore wing pale rufous slightly irrorated with fuscous, the ovate terminal area chocolate-brown ; antemedial line whitish defined on outer side by blackish, rather oblique ; a small black discoidal spot; the medial part of costa with whitish points with some black between them; postmedial line whitish defined on inner side by blackish, incurved ; a fine white line at base of cilia. Hind wing red-brown with a slight purplish-red tinge ; a curved whitish ante- medial line defined on outer side by dark brown; a small blackish spot at upper angle of cell; postmedial line whitish defined on inner side by dark brown, rather obliquely curved; a fine white line at base of cilia. Underside whitish tinged with rufous espe- cially in and beyond the cell of fore wing and on terminal areas of both wings, the costal areas with some black irroration; fore wing with the whitish and black points on costa extending to base, the postmedial line very slightly waved; hind wing with dark ante- medial line from cell to inner margin, small raential spot and oblique slightly waved postmedial line. Hab. Gourd Coast, Kumasi (Whiteside), 1 g, 1 2 type; Nara, Durban (Leigh), 1 9. Exp. 24-28 mm, 72 Sir G. F. Hampson on new (2h) Tegulifera semicircularis, sp. n. 2. Head, thorax, and abdomen whitish suffused with pale red- brown. Fore wing whitish suffused with pale olive-brown and slightly irrorated with black, the semicircular terminal area deep chocolate-red and defined on inner side by an incurved white shade ; antemedial line white defined on inner side by brown, rather oblique; a black discoidal spot; cilia white, tinged with reddish brown except at base. Hind wing whitish suffused with pale red-brown ; two oblique dark uredial lines defined by white, the inner line on inner side, the outer on outer side, the area between them rather whiter; a fine red-brown terminal line; cilia pale reddish, white at base and with some dark scales at tips. Underside whitish suffused with rufous; fore wing with black points on costa to beyond middle, a black discoidal point, the terminal area purplish red defined on inner side by an incurved white line ; hind wing with oblique very slightly waved reddish-brown postmedial line. Hab. Gow “Coast, Bibianaha (Spurrell), 1 Q type. Kap. 28 mm. (27) Tequlifera tripartita, sp. n. ¢. Head whitish tinged with red-brown; thorax red-brown tinged with grey ; abdomen whitish tinged with red- brown ; legs dark brown, the tarsi ringed with white. Fore wing with the basal and terminal areas dark red-brown with a grey ish gloss, the medial area pale grey slightly tinged with red-brown and irrorated with dark brown; antemedial line white slightly defined on outer side by brown, excurved to submedian fold, then incurved; the medial part of costa with a series of white points with dark brown between them; a small dark brown discoidal spot; postmedial line white slightly defined on inner side by brown, slightly ineurved below vein 3; cilia pale red-brown with a fine white line at base defined on outer side by a dark line. Hind wing greyish with dark red-brown irroration along vein 1 and on ter minal half; an oblique brown line from upper angle of cell to inner margin ‘at the post- medial line which is pale defined on each side by ‘brown, curved ; cilia pale red-brown with a fine white line at base defined on outer side by a dark line. Underside of fore wing reddish ochreous irrorated with brown, the terminal area suffused with red-brown, the innerarea white, the basal area darker to submedian fold, the costa black-brown with series of prominent white points to the postmedial line, which is dark defined on outer side by white forming a small spot at costa, a blackish discoidal spot; hind wing whitish tinged with rufous and irrorated with red- brown except on inner area, a dark discoidal spot and curved postmedial line defined on outer side by whitish. Hab. Assam, Khisis (Nissary), 3 3 type. Exp. 26 mm. (3b) Tequlifera ochrimesalis, sp. n. ¢. Head, thorax, and abdomen yellow, the tegule tinged with Pyralidze of the Subfamily Pyralinz. 73 purplish pink, the abdomen suffused with purplish pink and irro- rated with black except at extremity; pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen ochreous yellow. Fore wing ochreous yellow tinged with purplish pink and slightly irrorated with dark scales, the medial area and termen almost clear ochreous ; antemedial line yellow slightly defined on outer side by brownish, curved; a blackish point at upper angle of cell; postmedial line yellow slightly defined on inner side by brownish, slightly excurved at middle and incurved at submedian fold. Hind wing yellowish suffused with purplish pink and irrorated with blackish ; waved whitish medial and post- medial lines; a terminal series of small blackish spots except towards tornus. Underside ochreous tinged with brown; both wings with indistinct pale sinuous ante- and postmedial lines defined by brownish ; fore wing with slight dark discoidal spot. Hab, Br. C. Arrica, Mt. Mlanje (Weave), 1 9 type. Exp. 20 mm. (8d) Tegulifera pallidalis, sp. n. 6. Head and thorax ochreous tinged with reddish; abdomen ochreous faintly tinged with purplish red and _slightiy irrorated with brown; fore and mid legs suffused with red-brown. Fore wing pale ochreous slightly irrorated with brown, the terminal area tinged with purplish pink ; a series of slight dark points on costa; a slight dark discoidal spot; a straight pale ochreous postmedial line defined on inner side by brown and on outer by the pink terminal area; a terminal series of dark points; cilia brownish ochreous. Hind wing ochreous white; a rather punctiform brown- ish terminal line except towards tornus ; cilia ochreous, tinged with brown towards apex. Underside ochreous white; fore wing with the costal and terminal areas tinged with pinkish, some pale points on costa towards base, a small brown discoidal spot, the postmedial line indistinet, whitish; hind wing with the costa deeper ochreous, an oblique brown postmedial line from costa to discal fold. Hab. Ucanna, Gondotroro (Reynes-Cole), 1 3 type. Exp. 20 min. (4a) Tegulifera bostralis, sp. n. Q. Head and thorax ochreous suffused with red-brown ; abdo- men ochreous irorated with black-brown; legs suffused with red-brown ; ventral surface of abdomen tinged with reddish. Fore wing with the basal and terminal areas red-brown, the medial area ochreous slightly irrorated with brown, more thickly towards costa; a pale antemedial line defining the basal area; some pale points on medial part of costa; a small black discoidal spot; postmedial line pale, oblique, slightly excurved at middle, then incurved; a terminal series of small blackish spots and a pale line at base of cilia. Hind wing ochreous tinged with red-brown, the terminal half suffused with pale red-brown; an indistinct sinuous dark medial line defined on outer side by ochreous ; a terminal series of blackish bars ; cilia red-brown with a pale line at base. Underside 74 Sir G. F. Hampson on new of fore wing ochreous suffused with purplish red except on inner area, a series of whitish points on costa with dark brown between them to the oblique pale postmedial line ; hind wing ochreous, the costal area and terminal half tinged with purplish red, a small blackish spot at upper angle of cell and oblique sinuous brown _ medial line. Hab. Br. E, Arrica, Kakumega Forest, Yala R. (Weave), 1 2 type; Transvaat, White R. (Cooke),1 9. Exp. 26-28 mm. (Ge) Tegulifera metasarcistis, sp. n. ¢. Head and thorax ochreous mixed with dark brown; abdomen ochreous; antenne brownish; palpi dark brown irrorated with whitish; legs suffused with dark brown, the tarsi black-brown ringed with whitish. Fore wing ochreous thickly irrorated with purplish red and some black except on basal inner area; a pale postmedial line, excurved below discal fold; a terminal series of blackish bars; cilia ochreous tinged with red. Hind wing flesh- pink ; a small brown subterminal spot at submedian fold ; a black- ish terminal line except towards tornus. Underside ochreous tinged with red; hind wing with obliquely curved red postmedial line. Hab. Gory Coast, Bibianaha (Spurrell), 1 3 type. Hap. 15 mm. (7a) Tegulifera flavicarnea, sp. n. dG. Head, thorax, and abdomen yellow tinged with reddish, the palpi, pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen more strongly tinged with red-brown. Fore wing yellow tinged with purplish pink, especially on terminal half, and slightly irrorated with brown ; the costa with series of white points with dark brown between them except towards base; a pale subterminal line, excurved from below costa to vein 2; a fine white line at base of cilia defined on its outer side by a black line. Hind wing golden-yellow with a black line at base of cilia. Underside yellow, the costal and terminal areas tinged with purplish red and the former irrorated with dark brown; fore wing with series of white points on costa with black between them, a curved white subterminal line defined on inner side by blackish, a terminal series of small blackish spots ; hind wing with curved white subterminal line defined on inner side by blackish. Hab. Borneo, Sandakan (Pryer), 1d type. xp. 22 mm. (7b) Tequlifera flaveola, sp. n. 2. Head, thorax, and abdomen yellowish suffused with purplish red; palpi dull purplish red. Fore wing yellowish suffused with dull purplish red and irrorated with blackish scales, the area from middle of wing to the postmedial line more strongly suffused ; a faint dark discoidal spot; the postmedial line indistinct, exeurved at middle and incurved below vein 2; a terminal series of small blackish spots. Hind wing yellowish, suffused and irrorated with Pyralidee of the Subfamily Pyraline. id dark brown to the indistinct curved postmedial line, the terminal area very slightly irrorated ; a terminal series of smal] dark brown spots; cilia with a dark brown line through them. Underside yellow; fore wing tinged and irrorated with brown to the post- medial line, the terminal area slightly irrorated, more strongly towards costa; hind wing irrorated with brown to the indistinct irregular postmedial line, the terminal area sparsely irrorated from costa to vein 2. Ab. 1. Wings uniformly suffused with red and irrorated with blackish; fore wing with the postmedial line hardly traceable ; hind wing with it indistinct; the underside uniformly suffused with red and irrorated with black, both wings with curved slightly waved blackish postmedial line. Hab. Cameroons, Ja R., Bitje (Bates), 3 9 type. Exp. 20- 24 mm. (7 ¢) Legulifera chromalis, sp. n. 3. Head, thorax, and abdomen golden yellow suffused with purplish red; palpi yellow tinged with purplish red in front towards base ; fore coxe and mid femora towards base deep purple, the fore and mid tibiz black-brown, the tarsi black-brown ringed with whitish. Fore wing golden yellow, the basal area to just below - the cell purplish red, the apical area from middle of costa to termen at vein 1 suffused and irrorated with purplish red leaving a conical almost clear yellow patch from postmedial part of costa. to below vein 5, the inner area irrorated with a few red scales; some yellow points on medial part of costa; the anteredial line represented by a yellow bar from costa to median nervure; the postmedial line faint and excurved from vein 6 to 2, then incurved; cilia glossy black-brown. Hind wing golden yellow irrorated with purplish red to the postmedial line and on terminal area from apex to vein 4; an oblique curved red antemedial line joined at inner margin by the curved slightly waved postmedial line; cilia glossy black-brown except towards tornus. Underside yellow ; fore wing more evenly irrorated with red, the costa deep purplish red with ‘pale points on it to the indistinet curved yellow postmedial line ; hind wing with the costal area irrorated with red, a faint curved postmedial line formed by red scales. Hab. Cameroons, Ja R., Bitje (Bates), 1 ¢ type. LEzp. 30 mm. (7d) Tegulifera ochrealis, sp. n. 2. Orange-yellow. Fore wing with faint traces of curved post~ medial line. Hind wing rather paler. Hab. Masnonatand (Dobbie), 1 2 type. Hxp. 20 mm. (9a) Tegulifera conisalis, sp. n. 6. Head, thorax, and abdomen greyish suffused with mid reddish brown ; fore tarsi dark brown ringed with whitish; dull 76 Sir G. F. Hampson on new and hind tarsi whitish. Fore wing greyish tinged with red-brown and thickly irrorated with dark red-brown; an oblique whitish antemedial line defined on outer side by diffused dark brown; some whitish points on medial part of costa with dark brown between them ; a smal] dark brown discoidal spot; postmedial line whitish defined on inner side by dark brown, slightly waved and curved to vein 2 and incurved at submedian fold; a terminal series of small dark brown spots and whitish line at base of cilia. Hind wing whitish tinged and irrorated with brown; a terminal series of small dark brown spots. Underside whitish tinged and irrorated with purplish brown, the inner areas paler; both wings with small dark discoidal spot and curved postmedial line; fore wing with the costa dark brown with white points on it to the postmedial line. Hab. Germ. E. Arrica, Dar-es-Salaam, 1 d type. Hap. 16 mm. (2) ELlealis metachalcistis, sp. n. 6. Head, thorax,and abdomen dark red-brown; antenne whitish ringed with brown; fore tarsi rmged with whitish, the mid and hind tarsi whitish tinged with red-brown. Fore wing dark red- brown with a cupreous gloss ; a series of whitish points on costa to beyond middle and a postmedial whitish spot tinged with reddish. Hind wing golden cupreous irrorated with dark red-brown, the costal and terminal areas dark red-brown, the latter narrowing to tornus; the underside reddish ochreous, the basal part of costal area and cell mottled with reddish ochreous defining a dark brown discoidal spot, the terminal area dark brown narrowing to tornus. Q. Fore wing with narrow whitish postmedial band tinged with reddish. Hab. Br. E. Arrica, Kikuyu Escarpment, Ihea (Doherty), 2 3, 1 2 type. Exp. 18-20 mm. (ia) Stemmatophora albiceps, sp. n. Antenne of male with the basal joint very long. Head ochreous white, the antennz dark brown except the basal joint, the palpi with dark brown spot at side of 2nd joint, the 8rd dark brown with white tips; tegule ochreous white urorated with some dark brown scales and dark brown at sides; thorax whitish, the patagia dark brown at sides; abdomen reddish brown tinged with grey, the anal tuft ochreous; pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen dark brown tinged with grey. Fore wing dark reddish brown ; triangular white ante- and postmedial patches on costa with faint slightly curved whitish lines from them to inner margin and two white points between them on costa ; cilia with a fine white line at base and some whitish at tips. Hind wing dark reddish brown with curved whitish ante- and postmedial lines; cilia with a slight whitish line at base. Underside fuscous brown ; fore wing with the inner area whitish, a series of ochreous-white points on costa to an ochreous-white postmedial patch with slight = ya % FS. SE SPROUT FO Pyralidee of the Subfamily Pyralinze. 77 line from it to inner margin; hind wing with oblique whitish postmedial line defined on inner side by darker brown, Hab. N. Nrerrta, Minna (Macfie), 1 3 type, Zungeru (Magfie), mre, 2D. 8 Maop., ¢ 14; 9° 16 mm. (2a) Stemmatophora oleoalbalis, sp. n. 3. Head and thorax white with a faint brownish tinge; abdo- men whitish tinged with red-brown and irrorated with dark brown scales; antennz ringed with brown; pectus and legs suffused with red-brown, the tarsi dark brown ringed with white; ventral surface of abdomen dark brown towards extremity. Fore wing ae tinged with pale olive and irrorated with a few black scales ; slight black mark at base of costa; the medial area black with white points on costa and defined by the diffused white ante- and postmedial lines, the former nearly straight, the litter strongly excurved at middle, then incurved, a wedge-shaped rufous patch beyond it on costa; a terminal series of faint black points. Hind wing white with a faint brownish tinge; a faint curved dark post- mediai line; a terminal series of black points except towards tornus. Underside whitish tinged with rufous; fore wing with whitish points with black between them to the postmedial line, the medial area suffused with blackish; hind wing with slight dark point at upper angle of cell and rather diffused black post- medial line defined on outer side by white and excurved at middle. Hab. Br. HE. Arrica, Nairobi (Anderson), 1 $ type. Exp. 20 mm. (2b) Stemmatophora chloralis, sp. n. Stemmatophora chloralis, Longstaff, Buttery Hunting in Many Lands, pl. ii. fig. 9. 2. Head white; antennz with the extreme base of shaft black ; thorax white tinged with very pale blue-green; pectus, legs, ae abdomen white irrorated with a few black contest Uitte tarsi slightly ringed with black. Fore wing white very finely pencilled en pale blue-green ; a black striga ‘from base of costa ; a black point on middle “of costa ; ; an oblique black band, defined on each side by rather diffused white from costa just beyond middle to inner margin, with some white points on it at costa, expanding into a large elliptical black patch in and beyond the cell, then narrowing and again slightly expanding to inner margin; a terminal series of slight black points with a more prominent point above tornus. Hind wing white, the terminal area slightly irrorated with black scales, extending on costa to middle and narrowing to tornus; a slight fuscous mark at lower angle of cell; a terminal series of small black spots from apex to submedian fold. Underside of fore wing with prominent series of black strize on costa from base to the postmedial band which is obsolescent. Hab. Zampest, Victoria Falls (Longstaff), 1 Q type, d in Coll. Longstaff. Kap. 24 mm. 78 Sir G. F. Hampson on new (6c) Stemmatophora cupricolor, sp. n. ¢. Head, thorax, and abdomen pale red with a whitish tinge, the pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen whiter. Fore wing cupreous red slightly irrorated with black; a whitish postmedial line, oblique to vein 6, then sinuous; a fuscous terminal line ; cilia fuscous mixed with whitish and with black line near base. Hind wing fiery red irrorated with blackish ; a blackish antemedial line, oblique to submedian fold, where there is a white patch before it, then sinuous and defined on inner side by whitish ; a curved white postmedial line slightly defined on inner side by blackish; cilia fuscous mixed with whitish and with black line near base. Under- side of fore wing grey-brown, a slight dark postmedial line defined on outer side by whitish, oblique to vein 5, then slightly incurved ; hind wing brownish white slightly irrorated with brown, a slight eurved brown postmedial line. Hab. Br. C. Arrica, Mt. Mlanje (WVeave), 1 3 type: Hap. 26 mm. (6d) Stemmatophora olivotincta, sp. n. 3. Head, thorax, and abdomen whitish tinged with olive-brown ; pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen tinged with crimson. Fore wing whitish suffused with pale olive-brown; a slightly curved white antemedial line ; the medial part of costa with series ~ of white points with dark brown between them; a straight erect white postmedial line; a slight crimson terminal line ; cilia bright crimson with a fine white line at base. Hind wing whitish suffused with pale olive-brown ; traces of a curved white antemedial line and a more distinct postmedial line ; a slight crimson terminal line; cilia bright crimson with a fine white line at base. Underside white tinged with rufous; fore wing with large patch of crimson suffusion in and beyond the cell and below lower end of cell with slight crimson suffusion beyond it between veins 5 and 2; hind wing with crimson antemedial line oblique to median nervure, the medial part of costa and a spot at upper angle of cell crimson, a strong rather diffused crimson postmedial line, the terminal area tinged with crimson towards apex and in submedian interspace. Hab. Cameroons, Ja R., Bitje (Bates), 1 Q type. Hap. 24 mm. (6f) Stemmatophora hemicyclalis, sp. n. Head and thorax ochreous tinged with rufous and irrorated with a few dark brown scales; abdomen ochreous white irrorated with dark brown scales forming diffused dorsal bands except towards base ; palpi and fore legs dark reddish brown, the latter with the tarsi ringed with white. Fore wing ochreous whitish irrorated with dark brown, the basal area suffused with red-brown, the costa dark brown with slight whitish points to beyond middle ; a minute black discoidal spot; postmedial line white, incurved from costa towards apex to tornus, the semicircular terminal area suffused with Pyralida: of the Subfumily Pyraline. 79 dark brown shading to red-brown at termen; a terminal series of black points; cilia greyish suffused with brown. Hind wing white irrorated with brown except on terminal area from apex to vein 3 which is faintly tinged with rufous; an indistinct obliquely curved dark postmedial line ; a terminal series of small black spots ; cilia tinged with brown and with a brownish line near base. Underside whitish ; fore wing irrorated with brown especially on basal half, an indistinct erect dark postmedial line; hind wing with the costal area irrorated with brown, an indistinct obliquely curved dark postmedial line. Hah. Transvaat, White R. (Cooke), 13,192 type. Ezp., 6 20, 2 22 mm. (ll a) Stemmatophora perrubralis, sp. n. 2. Head and thorax fiery rufous; abdomen yellowish tinged with rufous, the ventral surface deeper rufous. Fore wing fiery rufous slightly irrorated with dark brown; antemedial line pale slightly defined on outer side by black scales, rather oblique ; a small black discoidal spot ; postmedial line whitish slightly defined on inner side by dark scales, almost straight and erect; a slight dark terminal line and whitish line at base of cilia which are brown and whitish at tips. Hind wing yellowish suffused with tiery red ; a curved whitish postmedial line slightly defined on inner side by red; a fine whitish line at base of cilia. Underside yellowish suffused with fiery red; both wings with faint red postmedial line defined on outer side by whitish. Hab. Lotrenco Mareves, Shilouvane (Junod), 2 2 type. Exp. 28 mm. (12a) Stemmatophora minimalis, sp. n. Head, thorax, and abdomen whitish suffused with pale red- brown; pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen whitish irrorated with dark brown. Fore wing whitish suffused with pale red-brown and irrorated with blackish; the costa with slight whitish points with blackish between them to the postmedial line ; a curved whitish antemedial line; a faint dark medial line, slightly excurved to submedian fold, then incurved ; postmedial line whitish slightly defined on inner side by dark brown and slightly curved ; cilia brown with pure white tips. Hind wing whitish suffused with pale red-brown and irrorated with blackish; an oblique whitish antemedial line curved inwards to costa; a straight white post- medial line; cilia brown, pure white at tips. Underside whitish suffused with reddish and irrorated with brown ; both wings with curved white postmedial line. Hab. Cryton, Trincomali (Green), 1 d, 1 type. Heap., 6 12, 29 14mm. 80 Sir G. F. Hampson on new (12) Stemmatophora excurvalis, sp. n. ©. Head, thorax, and abdomen whitish suffused with pale red- brown and irrorated with dark brown, the last with blackish dorsal bands on two medial segments. Fore wing whitish suffused with pale red-brown and irrorated with dark brown ; a narrow inwardly oblique whitish antemedial band; the medial part of costa with slight whitish points with dark brown between them; a faint blackish discoidal spot ; postmedial line whitish slightly defined on inner side by fuscous, slightly incurved to discal fold, then strongly excurved to vein 2, then incurved; cilia with a white line at base, the tips fuscous and white. Hind wing whitish tinged with pale red-brown and irrorated with brown, the apical area more suffused with brown ; a diffused curved whitish postmedial line ; a terminal series of slight dark spots; cilia white with dark lines near base and tips. Underside white tinged with red-brown and irrorated with dark brown; fore wing thickly irrorated except on inner area, the costa with whitish points with dark brown between them to the postmedial line ; a small blackish discoidal spot ; hind wing with small black discoidal spot and rather diffused blackish post- medial line defined on outer side by whitish and excurved at middle. Hab. Br. E. Arnica, Nairobi (Anderson), 1 2 type. Hap. 20 mm. (124) Stemmatophora postaurantia, sp. n. - Head, thorax, and abdomen whitish tinged with rufous, the last irrorated with black on terminal half; antennz slightly ringed with black. Fore wing whitish tinged with pale rufous and irrorated with black; a patch of black irroration at base of costal area; antemedial line black, diffused, slightly excurved at submedian fold; the medial part of costa black with white points on it; a black discoidal spot; postmedial line black, diffused, slightly in- curved at discal fold and angled inwards at submedian fold; a patch of black irroration on costal area towards apex; a terminal series of small black spots. Hind wing reddish orange with a terminal series of small black spots. Underside of fore wing orange-red, the costal and inner areas whitish tinged with olive- brown, the costa with series of whitish points with some black - between them to the diffused black postmedial line, slightly incurved at discal and submedian folds, a black discoidal spot; hind wing orange-red, the costal and terminal areas irrorated with a few blackish scales, an indistinct oblique postmedial line formed by blackish scales. Hab. Br. C. Arrica, Mt. Mlanje (Neave), 1d, 1 9 type. Exzp.'20 mm, (13a) Stemmatophora erebalis, sp. n. Head, thorax, and abdomen red-brown largely mixed with black ; tarsi pale. Fore wing reddish brown very thickly irrorated with Pyralidee of the Subfamily Pyraline. 81 black ; a pale waved antemedial line; the medial area with series of black and pale points on costa; a black discoidal spot; a pale minutely waved postmedial line defined by black on inner side and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of small black spots; cilia reddish with dark lines at middle and tips. Hind wing fuscous with indistinct blackish discoidal spot; a pale curved postmedial line ; a fine black terminal line; cilia pale with diffused dark line through them. Hab. Got Coast, Ajinak (Dudgeon) 2 3,1 2 type; N. Nt- eeRia, Minna (Macfie), 3 3,1 2, Zungeru (Macfie), 2 5,2 2, Bida (Macte),3 9 ; Masnonatann (Dobbie), 192. Exp., S 20, 2 26 mm. (156) Stemmatophora fusilinealis, sp. n. Head, thorax; and abdomen ochreous suffused with rufous, the terminal half of abdomen with black strongly mixed; fore legs black-brown, the tarsi ringed with white ; mid. legs ead with eee bran. the tarsi whitish ringed with black. Fore wing ochreous suffused with cupreous red and slightly irrorated with black ; a diffused curved black antemedial line ; the medial part of costa with series of white points with black between them; a small black discoidal spot; a diffused black postmedial line, angled in- wards at discal and submedian folds and with its outer edge minutely dentate; traces of a waved subterminal line formed by black seales; a terminal series of black striz; cilia with blackish lines near fee and tips. Hind wing ochreous suffused with cupreous red ; an indistinct curved slightly waved dark postmedial line; a feral series of black striz; cilia with blackish lines near Ee and tips. Underside ochreous suffused with cupreous red ; fore wing with series of whitish points with blackish between them to the postmedial line, the other markings as above. Hab. Br. C. Arrica, Mt. Mlanje (Weave), 3 5, 1 2 type. Exp. 22 mm. (5a) Herculia roseotineta, sp. n. Head, thorax, and abdomen white tinged with pinkish brown palpi and legs suffused with red-brown. Fore wing whitish suf- fused with brownish pink and faintly irrorated with brownish, the costal edge whiter; antemedial line white, angled outwards below costa, then oblique; a slight brownish discoidal spot; postmedial line white, oblique; a whitish line at base of cilia. Hind wing white, the terminal half tinged with pink except towards tornus; a faint white postmedial line slightly defined on inner side by pink; a terminal series of pink points to submedian fold; the cilia tinged with pink and with whitish line at base to submedian fold. Under- side of fore wing rose-red, the inner area white, the costa with series of white points with brown between them to the obliquely curved white postmedial line; hind wing white, the costal area suffused and irrorated with pink, a slight pinkish discoidal point, a Ann. & Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 8. Vol. xix. 6 82 Sir G. F. Hampson on new curved white postmedial line slightly defined on inner side by pink from costa to submedian fold. Hab. Transvaat, White R. ( Moke), 1 9, Pretoria ( Distant, Janse), 2 5,42 type. Hxp. 22-24 mm. (15 a) -Herculia plumbeoprunalis, sp. n. Head and thorax yellowish suffused with purplish red; thorax and abdomen greyish suffused with purplish red ; pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen purplish red. Fore wing reddish brown with a leaden-grey gloss, the costal area yellow” suffused with purplish red; a " slightly curved brown antemedial line defined on inner side by yellow ish; a series of yellow points on medial part of costa with dark red-brown between them; a slight brown discoidal striga; the postmedial line almost subteraneel with a yellow bar from costa to vein 6, then a slight pale line excurved to vein 2; cilia yellow, deep red at base ‘and apex. Hind wing reddish brown glossed with leaden grey; a faint pale curved post- medial line; pila yellow, deep red at base. Underside whitish tinged with brown ; fore wing with the costal area yellow tinged with red and with yellow points on costa with brown between them to the postmedial line ; hind wing with curved brown post- medial line. Hab. W. Cotompta, R. Jiminez, 1 9, R. Dagua, 1 9 ; VENE- zvELA, Esteban Valley, Las Quiguas,2 9 ; Ecuapor, R. Pastaza, Alpayacu (Palmer), 1 do, xp. 22-30 mm. (226) Herculia perpulverea, sp. n. ©. Head, thorax, and abdomen brownish ochreous irrorated with dark brown; pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen pale red-brown. Fore wing brownish ochreous thickly irrorated with dark brown; traces of a curved brownish antemedial line defined on inner side by diffused ochreous; postmedial line indistinct, brown defined on outer side by ochreous, strongly excurved; a fine pale line at base of cilia. Hind wing brownish ochreous thickly irrorated with dark brown ; a faint curved dark postmedial line ; a fine pale line at base of cilia. Underside ochreous whitish tinged and irrorated with red-brown ; both wings with faint curved brown postmedial line. Hab. Gouv Coast, Kumasi (Sanders), 1 Q type. Hap. 24 min. (246) Herculia griseobrunnea, sp. n. 3. Head, thorax, and abdomen purplish brown mixed with grey ; antenne whitish tinged with brown; mid tarsi and hind legs whitish. Fore wing purplish brown irrorated with grey; ante- medial line white, excurved to submedian fold; the medial part of costa with white points with dark brown between them ; post- medial line white, expanding at costa, then slightly waved and i : ! 4 . Pyralidz of the Subfamily Pyraline. 83 excurved at middle ; a fine white line at base of cilia followed by a brown line. Hind wing whitish suffused and irrorated with purple- brown ; a curved white postmedial line; a fine white line at base of cilia followed by a brown line. Underside white thickly irro- rated with brown; fore wing with white points with dark brown between them on costa to the postmedial line. Hah. TRANSVAAL, Groenvlei (Janse), 1 5, Merwe (Janse), 1 3 type, Pretoria (Janse), 1 g. Exp. 18 mm. 25a) Herculia purpureorufa, sp. vn. » Sp 9. Head, thorax, and abdomen greyish suffused with purple-red ; hind legs whitish. Fore wing deep purplish red; a curved white antemedial line expanding into a patch on costa; two white points on medial part of costa; a white postmedial bar from costa to vein 6, then a fine line excurved at middle and above inner margin and incurved at submedian fold; a white line at base of cilia. Hind wing deep purple-red irrorated with a few dark brown scales ; an obliquely curved white antemedial line joined above inner margin by a similar postmedial line and both slightly excurved just below submedian fold; a fine white line at base of cilia followed by a dark brown line. Underside purple-red thickly irrorated with dark brown; fore wing with white points on costa to the postmedial line ; hind wing with curved white postmedial line. Hab. Manvnas, Belgaum (Watson), 1 2 type. Exp. 20 mm. (266) Herculia pyrerythra, sp. n. 3. Head, thorax, and abdomen purplish red, the anal tuft yellowish ; legs irrorated with black. Fore wing deep purple-red urorated with black, the medial area more thickly irrorated except towards costa; a curved whitish antemedial line; the medial part of costal area paler with slight white points with black between them on the costa; postmedial line whitish, expanding at costa, excurved at middle and above inner margin; cilia fuscous brown with fine white line at base and diffused whitish line at middle. Hind wing deep purple-red irrorated with black, the medial area more thickly irrorated ; an oblique white antemedial line and white postmedial line excurved at middle and above inner margin; cilia fuscous brown with a fine white line at base and more diffused line at middle. Underside purple-red thickly irrorated with black ; fore wing with white points on costa to the postmedial line ; hind wing with the postmedial line defined on inner side by black. Hab. N. Nicerta, Zungeru (Simpson), 1 3 type. Exp. 16 mm. (26 c) Herculia lacteocilia, sp. n. Head, thorax, and abdomen greyish suffused with pale purplish red, the last irrorated with a few dark scales; fore legs dark brown, _ the tarsi ringed with whitish. Fore wing grevish tinged with 6* &4 Sir G. F. Hampson on new purplish red and irrorated with blackish, the terminal area suffused with fuscous brown; traces of a pale curved antemedial line; the medial part of costa with whitish points with black-brown between them, and with the costal area whiter; postmedial line whitish, oblique ; cilia black-brown at base, pale yellow at tips. Hind wing purplish red irrorated with blackish; oblique slightly sinuous whitish ante- and postmedial lines approximated at inner margin ; cilia black-brown at base, pale yellow at tips. Underside whitish suffused with purplish red and irrorated with black; fore wing with white points on costa to the postmedial line; hind wing with oblique white postmedial line. Ab. 1. Hind wing brighter purplish red; cilia of both wings pure white at tips. Hab. Uaanpa, Toro, Mpanga Forest (Neave),1 3,1 92 type; Br. C. Arrica, Mt. Mlanje (Neave),1 d. Exp., 3 18, 9 20mm. (326) Hereulia perrubralis, sp. n. Q. Head, thorax, and abdomen purplish red; mid and hind tarsi whitish. Fore wing deep purple-red; antemedial line black defined on inner side by whitish, rather oblique; some pale points on medial part of costa with black between them; a small black discoidal spot; postmedial line black defined on outer side by whitish, rather oblique; a terminal series of blackish points and fine whitish line at base of cilia. Hind wing deep purple-red; an oblique blackish antemedial line and similar postmedial line defined on outer side by whitish; a terminal series of slight dark points and fine whitish line at base of cilia. Underside purplish red; both wings with small black discoidal spots and oblique postmedial line ; fore wing with whitish points on costa to the postmedial line ; hind wing with the costal area irrorated with blackish. Hab. 8. Nigeria, Itu (Farquahar), 12 type. Exp. 28 mm. (34a) Herculia castaneorufa, sp. n. Head, thorax, and abdomen chestnut-red; antenne whitish tinged with red. Fore wing chestnut-red; traces of a whitish antemedial line; the medial part of costa with yellow points with dark brown between them; postmedial line yellow, slightly curved, dilated at costa ; cilia glossy fuscous brown. Hind wing chestnut- red with a curved yellowish postmedial line ; cilia glossy fuscous brown. Underside yellowish tinged with red and irrorated with brown ; fore wing with yellowish points with dark brown between them on costa to beyond middle; hind wing with oblique dark brown medial line. Hab. Cameroons, Ja R., Bitje (Bates),2 g,1 2 type. Ezp., 3 24, 2 28 mm. (345) Herculia flavirufalis, sp. n. Head, thorax, and abdomen yellowish tinged with red. Fore Pyralidee of the Subfamily Pyraline. 85 wing yellow tinged with fiery red and slightly irrorated with brown; traces of a yellow antemedial line; the medial part of costa with yellow points with black-brown between them; a yellow postmedial line faintly defined on inner side by brown, slightly excurved at middle; a terminal series of slight brown points; cilia glossy fuscous brown with a fine yellow line at base. Hind wing yellow suffused with fiery red; indistinct curved dark ante- and postmedial lines defined by whitish, the former on inner side, the latter on outer; cilia glossy fuscous brown. Underside yellow tinged with red; fore wing with dark discoidal point and yellowish points on costa with blackish between them to the dark postmedial line defined on outer side by whitish; hind wing with faint curved dark postmedial line. Hab. CameEnroons, Ja R., Bitje (Bates), 1 3,19 type. Hap. 22 min. (84¢) Hereulia ecrhodalis, sp. n. ¢o. Head and thorax pale purplish red; abdomen whitish irro- rated with purplish red; antenne whitish; pectus and legs red- brown; abdomen whitish tinged with red-brown. Fore wing whitish tinged with red and irrorated with purplish red, the terminal area suffused with purplish red; traces of a whitish ante- medial line; the medial part of costa with whitish points with dark brown between them; postmedial line whitish, slightly excurved at middle. Hind wing whitish suffused with purple-red; a curved whitish postmedial line ; cilia with a whitish line at base. Under- side whitish suffused with red- brown; fore wing with whitish points with dark brown between them on costa to the faint pale postmedial line; hind wing with curved whitish postmedial line. Hab. Cameroons, Ja R., Bitje (Bates), 2 3 type. Eup. 18 mm. (34d) Herculia ecbrunnealis, sp. n. @. Head, thorax, and abdomen greyish tinged with red-brown, the pectus and ventral surface of abdomen redder, the legs brownish with the tarsi ringed with whitish. Fore wing greyish tinged with olive-brown, the terminal area browner; traces of a whitish antemedial line; the medial part of costa with whitish points with dark brown between them; a small dark brown discoidal spot; postmedial line indistinct, dark brown defined on outer side by whitish, excurved at middle, a terminal series of black-brown points and fine whitish line at base of cilia, which are grey-brown. Hind wing greyish tinged with olive-brown, the terminal area browner ; a curved brown postmedial line defined on outer side by whitish ; -a brown terminal line and fine white line at base of cilia, which are grey-brown. Underside ochreous suffused with rufous and irrorated with brown; fore wing with small blackish discoidal spot and whitish points with blackish between them on costa to the postmedial line; hind wipg with dark discoidal point and eurved postmedial line. 86 Sir G. F. Hampson on new Hab. Cameroons, Ja R., Bitje (Bates), 1 2 type. ap. 18 inm. (11) Triphassa trichotibialis, n. n. Triphassa bilinea, Hmpsn. Moths Ind. iv. p. 166 (nee Moore). Hab. CEYLON. (La) Sacada papuana, sp. n. ¢. Head, thorax, and abdomen grey mixed with chocolate- brown, the tegule mostly chocolate-brown; pectus in front and the fringes of hair on fore legs more chocolate-red. Fore wing grey irrorated with chocolate-brown, the basal area from costa to vein 1 chocolate-brown with some fiery rufous in submedian inter- space; antemedial line grey, oblique to submedian fold, then inwardly oblique; a reddish-brown discoidal spot defined by grey ; postmedial line grey, oblique below vein 4, a broad chocolate-brown shade beyond it; cilia dark brown mixed with grey. Hind wing purplish grey suffused with brown. Underside of fore wing purplish red, the inner area grey, the postmedial line indistinct, whitish ; hind wing purplish grey, the costal area suffused with red, an indistinet curved whitish postmedial line ending at tornus. Hab. Br. N. Guinea, Dinawa (Pratt), 1 ¢, Ekeikei (Pratt), 1 ¢ type. Exp. 44-48 mm. (3c) Sacada erythropis, sp. n. 9. Head, thorax, and abdomen purplish pink mixed with red- brown; pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen chestnut-red. Fore wing purplish pink slightly irrorated with brown; a large elliptical crimson-red patch from below costa to above inner margin before the strongly curved fuscous antemedial line; a discoidal bar formed by fiery red and black-brown scales with a pale striga in centre; a diffused obliquely curved rufous line beyond the cell; postmedial line fuscous slightly defined on outer side by whitish, rather oblique to vein 5, then inwardly oblique, a fiery rufous shade beyond it and a chocolate-brown patch between veins 7 and 4; cilia black-brown mixed with red and with a fine whitish line at base. Hind wing dark reddish brown to the indistinct curved postmedial line, then purplish red irrorated with brown; a fine whitish line at base of cilia. Underside of both wings dark brown to the curved black-brown postmedial line defined on outer side by white towards costa of fore wing, the terminal areas purple- red. Hab. 8. Nigeria, Uorin (Macfie), 1 9 type. Exp. 30 mm. (5b) Sacada albioculalis, sp. n. d. Head and thorax greyish mixed with red-brown, the patagia dark red-brown except at base; abdomen greyish suffused with red-brown ; antenne red-brown; p#tus, legs, and yentral surface Pyralidze of the Subfumily Pyraline. 87 of abdomen bright red-brown. Fore wing red-brown mixed with greyish, the basal part of inner area and the medial area darker greyish brown; a large fiery-red patch below the cell before the antemedial line, which is white and strongly excurved from discal fold to inner margin ; a white discoidal bar with its lower extremity slightly angled outwards and a small black-brown spot on its lower part; postmedial line white, rather oblique to vein 5, then inwardly oblique and sinuous to inner margin, where it is approximated to the antemedial line, some fiery red suffusion beyond it. Hind wing whitish suffused with pale reddish ; a faint curved dark postmedial line. Underside whitish suffused with pale reddish; fore wing with faint dark postmedial line oblique and sinuous below vein 5; hind wing with faint curved dark postmedial line. Ab. 1. Fore wing with the ante- and postmedial lines confluent at vein 1 and not reaching inner margin. Hab. Dutcu N. Guinea, Fak-fak (Pratt), 2 o type. Exp. 30 mm. (9a) Sacada nyasana, sp. n. 2. Head, thorax, and abdomen purple-brown; the hind tarsi with the 1st joint whitish towards base and the other joints ringed with whitish. Fore wing purple; a strongly curved fuscous ante- medial line with a broad chocolate-brown shade before it; a deep chocolate-brown discoidal spot with a whitish bar in centre, a chocolate-brown shade beyond the cell, oblique below vein 4; post- medial line fuscous slightly defined on outer side by grey, rather oblique to vein 4, then inwardly oblique, the apical area beyond it chocolate-brown, its lower edge running obliquely to termen at vein 4, and a chocolate-brown shade beyond the postmedial line from vein 4 to inner margin; cilia chocolate-brown. Hind wing pale purple-brown. Underside purple; fore wing with fuscous postmedial line defined on outer side by white towards costa and oblique below vein 4; hind wing with fuscous postmedial line excurved at middle. Hab. Br. C. Arnica, Mt. Mlanje (Neave), 1 2 type. Exp. 42 min. (13) Sacada viridalis, sp. n. 9. Head and thorax dull apple-green ; abdomen grey suffused with brown; antenne grey-brown; pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen white tinged with brown. Fore wing dull apple-green, the costal edge red-brown with a series of white points on medial area; antemedial line red-brown, sinuous to median nervure, where it is angled outwards, then oblique ; postmedial line red-brown, incurved below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved and very slightly waved; cilia pale purplish brown with a fine white line at base. Hind wing dull apple-green, the costal area purple; an oblique purple-brown antemedial line and slightly sinuous postmedial line ; cilia pale purplish with a fine white line cid 88 Sir G. F. Hampson on new ’ at base followed by a dark line. Underside whitish suffused with purple except on inner area; fore wing with the costa red-brown with white points on it to the dark postmedial line, which is ex- curved at middle, a dark discoidal point; hind wing with dark discoidal point and curved postmedial line slightly waved to vein 2. Hab, Cameroons, Ja R., Bitje (Bates), 1 2 type. Hap. 30 min. ; (2a) Paractenia pallidirubra, sp. n. $. Head and thorax whitish suffused with pale purplish red; abdomen white. Fore wing whitish suffused with pale purplish red, the costa rather darker ; a small blackish discoidal spot; post- medial line indistinct, dark, rather diffused on inner side and minutely dentate on outer, slightly excurved to vein 2 and im curved at submedian fold; a terminal series of slight blackish spots. Hind wing white faintiy tinged with red-brown ; a rather punctiform red-brown terminal line. Underside white, the fore wing and costal area of hind wing faintly tinged with red; fore wing with slight dark discoidal spot and obliquely curved post- medial line; hind wing with faint discoidal point and postmedial striga from costa. Hab. Bompay, Deesa (Nurse), 1 3 type. Exp. 24 mm. (3a) Paractenia viridicostalis, sp. n. Head yellowish white tinged with red; thorax olive-brown mixed with black-brown and some whitish; abdomen yellowish white tinged with red, irrorated with black and dorsally banded with black; antenne ringed with black; palpi red-brown, ochreous in front; pectus ochreous in front; legs ochreous tinged with red and irrorated with blackish. Fore wing with the costal and terminal areas olive-green slightly irrorated with blackish ; some dark reddish-brown suffusion at base in and below the cell; a broad, obliquely curved, diffused dark reddish-brown fascia from near termen below apex to inner margin near base, a dark brown dis- coidal spot ; a rather lunulate white mark from costa betore apex, and broad oblique white postmedial band from vein 5 to inner margin with a dentate brown subterminal line slightly defined on outer side by white on its outer edge with a reddish shade beyond it; a terminal series of small blackish spots; a fine whitish line at base of cilia followed by small dark spots. Hind wing whitish suffused with purplish red and slightly irrorated with brown; some brown suffusion at base; a curved slightly sinuous brown post- medial line defined on outer side by white except towards costa; a terminal series of dark bars separated by white points from apex to submedian fold; cilia with a white line at base followed by a dark line. Underside whitish suffused with red and irrorated with brown; fore wing with broad dark reddish-brown shade on costal area extending to inner margin hefore middle, a lunulate whitish Pyralide of the Subfamily Pyraline. 89 patch from costa towards apex and oblique waved brown sub- terminal line defined on outer side by whitish; hind wing with rather diffused curved slightly waved dark brown postmedial line defined on outer side by whitish. Hab. Durcu N. Guryea, Snow Mts., Setakwa R. (Meek), 3d type. Hap. 26-28 mm. (4a) Paractenia sanguttincta, sp. n. ©. Head, thorax, and abdomen ochreous mixed with some purplish red ; pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen tinged with red and irrorated with black. Fore wing yellowish irrorated with purplish red, more thickly on basal costal area; an oblique diffused purplish-red postmedial line, somewhat angled inwards at submedian fold; a maculate deep red terminal line with some blackish scales on it; cilia white at base, blackish mixed with whitish at tips. Hind wing yellowish irrorated with purplish red and blackish; a faint diffused curved reddish postmedial line; a fine blackish terminal line; cilia white at base, blackish mixed with whitish at tips. Underside yellow tinged with purplish red and irrorated with black; both wings with indistinct diffused dark postmedial line. Hab. Gown Coast, Kumasi (Sanders), 1 Q type. Exp. 22 mm. ; (5a) Paractenia phanerostola, sp. n. 2. Head, thorax, and abdomen pale glossy red-brown, the palpi and fore legs rather deeper red-brown. Fore wing pale glossy red- brown, the costa rather deeper red-brown; a faint rather diffused curved brown antemedial line; a faint brown postmedial line, ex- curved to vein 4, then oblique. Hind wing pale glossy red-brown ; a faint diifused oblique brown antemedial line and rather more distinct curved postmedial line. Underside of fore wing whitish suffused with red-brown; hind wing whitish tinged with red- brown; both wings with curved brown postmedial line. Hab. Ecvuavor, R. Bobonaza, Canelos (Palmer), 1 Q type. Exp. 34 mm. (56) Paractenia castaneonigra, sp. n. Head, thorax, and abdomen chestnut-red, the last dorsally suffused with black; legs suffused with black, the tarsi black ringed with chestnut. Fore wing chestnut-red, the base and the whole wing beyond the antemedial line suffused with black-brown ; antemedial line blackish, oblique to submedian fold, then angled inwards at vein 1; the medial part of costa with reddish-ochreous points ; postmedial line indistinct, ochreous, very slightly waved, excurved at middle and angled inwards at submedian fold; cilia blackish at base and with some ochreous scales at middle. Hind wing glossy black-brown with a chestnut-red tinge; cilia black at base, bright yellow at tips. Underside black-brown ; fore wing 90 Sir G. F. Hampson on new with the costal area chestnut-red to the postmedial line, the costal edge black-brown with ochreous ‘points on it, the postmedial line yellow on costal area, then indistinct ; hind wing with the costal area and cell chestnut-red to the postmedial line, the inner area whitish irrorated with black-brown, a yellowish postmedial line slightly incurved in submedian interspace. Hab, Cameroons, Ja R., Bitje (Bates), 1d,2 2 type. Eap., 6 28, 2 36 mm. - (6a) Paractenia sichimensis, sp. n. Head and thorax yellow mixed with brick-red ; abdomen yellow tinged with red and irrorated with brown; legs yellow irrorated with dark brown. Fore wing yellow suffused tr red and irro- rated with brown, the medial area yellower with a nearly clear yellow conical patch from costa before the postmedial line and another patch below end of cell; antemedial line brown defined on outer side by yellow, excurved to median nervure, then oblique ; the medial part of costa dark brown with yellow points on it; a small brown discoidal spot; postmedial line brown, diffused on outer side, inwardly oblique and somewhat incurved below vein 5; a terminal series of blackish points; a fine pale line at base of cilia followed by a dark line. Hind wing yellowish white, the termen slightly tinged with red and irrorated with brown; a terminal series of blackish points and fine pale line at base of cilia followed by a dark line. Underside yellow tinged with red and irrorated with dark brown; fore wing with the costal area suffused with brown, a small dark discoidal spot, yellower patch from costa beyond the cell, and diffused oblique dark postmedial line; hind wing with slight brown discoidal spot and curved postmedial line. Hab. Stxuim (Pilcher, Moller), 8 3,5 2 type. Hap. 20- 24 mm. (7 a) Bostra purpurealis, sp. n. Head and thorax bright purple-red; abdomen pale purple-red irrorated with brown; antennez white above; fore tibize white on outer side, the tarsi white. Fore wing bright purple-red irrorated with brown, the medial area tinged with fuscous, the costal edge white except towards base; antemedial line fuscous, oblique to submedian fold, then slightly incurved; postmedial line fuscous slightly defined on outer side by white and slightly incurved in submedian interspace. Hind wing whitish suffused with pale purple-red and fuscous brown ; a curved fuscous postmedial line defined on outer side by whitish from costa to vein 1; cilia bright purple-red. Underside grey with pale purplish-red streaks along the veins; both wings with the costal area purple-red to beyond middle and with fuscous postmedial line; fore wing with white scales on the costa. Hab. Br. C. Arrica, Mt. Mlanje (Weave), 3 5, 1 Q type; PortucuEse E. Arrica, Mt. Chiperone (eave), 1 5. zp. 30-32 mm. Pyralide of the Subfamily Pyraline. 91 (7 b) Bostra cenochroa, sp. n. Head, thorax, and abdomen pale purplish red thickly irrorated with fuscous ; antennz of male pale red. Fore wing pale purplish red thickly irrorated with fuscous, the costal edge redder; ante- medial line rather diffused, black, excurved below costa then slightly incurved ; a small black discoidal spot; postmedial line rather diffused, black faintly defined on outer side by whitish in male, and slightly excurved. Hind wing uniform glossy grey- brown with a purplish-red tinge. Underside greyish brown, the costa of fore wing purplish red irrorated with dark brown; hind wing with faint curved dark postmedial line. Hab. Br. C. Arrica, Mt. Mlanje (Neave), 1 bd, 2 ¢ type; TransvaaL, White R. (Cooke),2 $. Exp. 26-30 mm. (7h) Bostra pallidifrons, sp. n. 3. Head white tinged with pale rufous; thorax and abdomen grey-brown mixed with whitish; tibie and tarsi whitish tinged with brown. Fore wing dark brown mixed with grey-white ; antemedial line diffused, whitish, oblique to median nervure and slightly incurved in submedian interspace; the medial part of costa with white points with black-brown between them; a small blackish discoidal spot ; postmedial line diffused, whitish, incurved below vein 4. Hind wing uniform grey-brown. Underside grey suffused and irrorated with brown; fore wing with whitish points on costa with black-brown between them except at base and apex. flab. Masnonaxannd, Enkeldoorn Distr. (Jiiss BE. 8. Younge), 1 dé type. Hap. 14 mm. (77) Bostra lignealis, sp. n. Head and thorax pale brownish red; abdomen whitish tinged with red and irrorated with blackish; legs whitish irrorated with dark brown. Fore wing pale red-brown irrorated with blackish ; antemedial line whitish defined on outer side by blackish, almost straight; the medial part of costa with white points with some black between them; a small black discoidal spot ; postmedial line whitish defined on inner side by blackish, slightly excurved at discal fold and below submedian fold; cilia with a white line , at base. Hind wing pale red-brown irrorated with blackish, an oblique whitish antemedial line defined on outer side by blackish and joined at inner margin by a slightly sinuous whitish post- medial line defined on inner side by blackish; cilia with a white line at base. Underside whitish suffused with red-brown and irrorated with blackish ; both wings with sinuous white postmedial line; fore wing with blackish discoidal spot. Hab. Br. E. Arrica, Nairobi (Anderson), 1 3g, 1 Q type. Exp. 20 mm. 92 Sir G. F. Hampson on new (9a) Bostra rusinalis, sp. n. ¢. Head and thorax rufous with a few dark brown scales ; abdomen whitish tinged with rufous. Fore wing rufous sparsely irrorated with dark brown, the basal costal area suffused with blackish ; traces of a waved dark antemedial line; the medial part of costa with whitish points with dark brown between them; a small dark discoidal spot ; postmedial line indistinct, dark, slightly excurved to vein 4 then slightly incurved. Hind wing whitish tinged with rufous, the termen and bases of cilia rather deeper rufous; the underside with the costal area suffused with rufous and irrorated with dark brown. Hab. Gouv Coast, Appan, 2 d type. Exp. 22 mm. (10a) Bostra pallidicolor, sp. n. 6. Head and thorax whitish tinged with pale red and irrorated with a few dark brown scales; abdomen white faintly tinged with red and slightly irrorated with brown; palpi and pectus in front redder. Fore wing whitish tinged with purplish red and irrorated with brown, the red rather deeper on basal costal area and formin diffused streaks in discal and submedian folds; a very faint diffused dark antemedial line angled outwards at submedian fold; a black discoidal spot; postmedial line indistinct, dark, diffused, oblique below vein 4; a terminal series of minute blackish spots. Hind wing ochreous white; a terminal series of slight brown points from apex to vein 2. Underside white; fore wing with the costal area bright rufous with the costal edge white, then tinged with ochreous and irrorated with brown except on inner area ; hind wing with the costal area tinged with rufous and irrorated with brown, a blackish spot at upper angle of cell. 2. Head and thorax greyish tinged with purplish red ; abdomen whitish thickly irrorated with brown; fore wing greyish uniformly tinged with purplish red; hind wing suffused with pale reddish brown; underside of fore wing suffused with brown except on costal area, the hind wing tinged with brown and with curved brown postmedial line from costa to submedian fold. Hab. Transvaat, Pretoria (Distant, Janse), 1-3, 1 2 type. Exp., g 30, 2 26 mm. (10 c) Bostra dentilinealis, sp. n. Head and thorax whitish tinged with red-brown and irrorated with a few black-brown scales; abdomen suffused with fiery red and irrorated with black. Fore wing whitish suffused with pale red-brown, sometimes tinged with olive-green and irrorated with black-brown; an indistinct dentate blackish postmedial line some- what ineurved at submedian fold; a terminal series of black strie ; cilia with reddish-brown lines near base and at tips. Hind wing whitish suffused with fiery red and slightly irrorated with brown ; a curved dentate blackish postmedial line, rather diffused on inner Pyialidee of the Subfamily Pyralines. 93 side; a terminal series of black-brown bars; cilia with a red line near base. Underside whitish suffused with red and irrorated with dark brown; both wings with slight dark discoidal strie and diffused curved dentate postmedial line. Hab. Br. C. Arrica, Mt. Mlanje (Neave), 1 5, 3 Q type. Exp. 24 mm. (lla) Bostra pyrochroalis, sp. n. 3. Head, thorax, and abdomen bright fiery red; the antennze blackish except at base; the frons and palpi whitish, the latter black at tips. Fore wing bright fiery red slightly irrorated with blackish, especially before the antemedial line and on terminal area; antemedial line whitish, excurved below costa, then slightly incurved ; postmedial line whitish, slightly excurved beyond the cell, then slightly incurved, both the lines faintly defined by fuscous. Hind wing bright fiery red slightly irrorated with blackish, especially on apical area; faint oblique whitish ante- and postmedial lines slightly defined by fuscous and somewhat approxi- mated towards inner margin. Underside of both wings with blackish discoidal point and curved white postmedial line ; fore wing with series of white points on costa to the postmedial line. Hab. Br. C. Arrica, Mt. Mlanje (Neave), 1 ¢ type. Hap. 14 mm. (10 b) Bostra flavalis, sp. n. 3. Head, thorax, and abdomen yellow with a faint olive tinge ; palpi fuscous below; tibize with the spurs fuscous at base. Fore wing yellow with a faint olive tinge; antemedial line formed by shght black striz defined on inner side by white, slightly sinuous ; the medial part of costa with black and white points; a slight blackish discoidal striga ; postmedial line formed by black scales defined on outer side ‘by white, slightly excurved below costa and at middle and incurved at discal fold and below vein 3; a terminal series of black striz; cilia with some blackish at tips. ead wing yellowish white tinged with fuscous brown ; a curved fuscous post- medial line slightly defined on outer side by white; a terminal series of blackish striz ; cilia with a slight brownish ine near base. Underside of fore wing suffused with brown except on inner area to the postmedial line ; hind wing irrorated with brown; a curved dark postmedial line. Hab. Formosa, Kanshirei (Wileman),2 3 type. Hap.16mm. (19 ¢) Bostra phenicocraspis, sp. n. Head, thorax, and abdomen olive-yellow, the last tinged with crimson at extremity ; antenne whitish tinged with brown; fore and mid tibie and the hind tibiew at extremity erunson, és fore legs and ventral surface of abdomen except towards base irrorated with brown. Fore wing olive-yellow irrorated with a few red- brown scales ; a faint red-brown antemedial line, oblique to sub- 94 Sir G. F. Hampson on new median fold; the medial part of costa with whitish points with blackish between them ; a slight brown discoidal striga ; postmedial line slight, brown, somewhat oblique to vein 4 and slightly ex- curved above inner margin; a terminal series of black bars; cilia deep crimson at base, then paler crimson with the tips blackish to vein 3. Hind wing olive-yellow ; an obscure line formed by brown scales from lower angle of cel] to inner margin and a similar slightly curved postmedial line; the terminal area irrorated with a few brown scales; a terminal series of black strix; cilia deep crimson at base, paler crimson at tips. Underside of fore wing crimson irrorated with black except on costal area to the post- medial line and below vein 3 to termen, the costa with series of quadrate black spots to the postmedial line which is black, ex- curved from below costa to vein 3, then erect, a black discoidal point; hind wing suffused with crimson and irrorated with black to the postmedial line and on apical area, the termen then narrowly crimson, the postmedial line blackish, obliquely curved to vein 2, then sinuous. Hab. Cameroons, Ja R., Bitje (Bates), 1g, 2 2 type. Exp. 22 mm. (19e) Bostra phenicoxantha, sp. n. do. Head, thorax, and abdomen whitish suffused with dull purplish red; antenne ringed with brown; fore legs crimson ; pectus, mid and hind legs, and ventral surface of abdomen ochreous. Fore wing brilliant crimson with a yellow medial band except on costal area, defined on inner side by the faint curved crimson ante- medial line and on outer by the similar postmedial line excurved at middle; a blackish terminal line except towards tornus. Hind wing brilliant crimson, with a broad yellow medial band defined on inner side by the slight curved crimson antemedial line and on outer by the similar postmedial line excurved at middle; a black terminal line except towards tornus; cilia whitish at tips. Under- side with the crimson paler and duller. Hab. Br. C. Arrica, Mt. Mlanje (Neave), 2 3 type. Exp. 20 mm. (21a) Bostra maculilinea, sp. n. Head, thorax, and abdomen white mixed with cupreous red and irrorated with black, the abdomen suffused with black towards extremity; antenne white ringed with black; fore tibize and the tarsi black ringed with white. Fore wing cupreous red thickly irrorated with black ; some white at base of inner margin ; ante- medial line white defined on outer side by rather diffused black, slightly waved; the medial part of costa with white points with blackish between them; postmedial line white defined on inner side by diffused black and forming a small white spot at discal fold and larger spot in submedian interspace, slightly waved, ex- curved at middle and incurved in submedian interspace; a black terminal line; cilia white with blackish lines at base and middle Pyralidee of the Subfamily Pyraline. 95 and at tips. Hind wing white tinged with red-brown and irro- rated with fuscous; a curved slightly sinuous white postmedial line; a black mean line: die white mixed with fuscous and with black line near base. Underside of fore w ing whitish suffused with fuscous, the costal area chestnut-red to the white postmedial line, the costal edge fuscous with white points; hind wing white tinged with red and irrorated with fuscous, a white postmedial line defined on inner side by black, slightly incurved at discal fold, then excurved. Ab. 1. Fore wing with the antemedial line obsolescent towards costa, the postmedial line obsolescent at middle. Hab. Br. C. neoangeaeTy Mt. Mlanje (Weave), 8 35, 4 Q type. Exp. 14-18 mm. (216) Bostra ignirubralis, sp. n. 6. Head, thorax, and abdomen fiery red, the last slightly irrorated with blackish; antennz whitish tinged with red; palpi and legs deeper red with some blackish mixed, the mid and hind tarsi whitish tinged with red. Fore wing fiery red; antemedial line brown defined on inner side by w hitish, very slightly curved ; a slight blackish discoidal spot; the medial part of costa with slight white points with black between them; postmedial line fuscous brown defined on outer side by whitish, very slightly curved and slightly incurved at submedian fold; cilia with some fuscous mixed. Hind wing fiery red; an oblique dark antemedial line defined on inner side by whitish, met above inner margin by a curved dark postmediai line defined on outer side by whitish ; cilia with some fuscous mixed. Underside paler red irrorated with fuscous brown; fore wing with the inner area whitish, the costal edge dark brown with white points to the indistinct dark post- medial line, a slight dark discoidal spot; hind wing with faint curved dark postimedial line. Hab. Cryton (Mackwood), 1 g type. Exp. 32 mm. (5) Zitha fulviceps, sp.n. Head fulvous yellow, the antenne dark brown ringed with whitish, the palpi suffused with brown except above; thorax dark brown ; abdomen, pectus, and legs yellowish suffused with brown. Fore wing glossy fuscous brown; an indistinct blackish discoidal spot; postmedial line indistinct, blackish, execurved below costa and slightly incurved below vein 4. Hind wing glossy fuscous brown. Underside fuscous brown; both wings with indistinct curved dark postmedial line. Hab. Br. C. Arrica, Mt. Mlanje (Weave), 2 g, 1 2 type; PortucuEse E. Arrica, Mt. Chiperone (Neave), 1 d. Exp. 16 mm. Genus PHRYGANOMIMA, nov. Type, Phryganodes noctifer, Dogn. Proboscis fully developed ; palpi upturned, the 2nd joint reaching: 96 Sir G. F. Hampson on new to middle of frons, moderately scaled, the 3rd moderate ; maxillary palpi triangularly dilated with scales; antenne of male laminate. Fore wing with the median nervure strongly downcurved towards end of cell, the discocellulars strongly excurved; vein 3 from before angle of cell; 5 from above angle; 6 from upper angle; 7, 8, 9 stalked from before angle; 10, 11 from cell. Hind wing with the cell short; veins 3 and 5 from near angle; 6, 7 from upper angle, 7 not anastomosing with 8. Genus LoRYMODES, nov. Type, Pyralis diagonalis, Hmpsn. Proboscis fully developed ; palpi upturned. the 2nd joint tufted with scales produced to a point in front at extremity, the 3rd long and acuminate; maxillary palpi slightly dilated with scales, antennz of male with fasciculate cilia, the basal joint long. Fore wing with ee 3 from close to angle of cell; 4, 5 stalked; 6 from upper angle; 7, 8,9 stalked; 10, 11 from cell. Hind wing with vein 3 from 2ies to angle of cell; 4,5 stalked; 6, 7 from upper angle, 7 not anastomosing with 8. (2) Lorymodes stenopteralis, sp. n. Head, thorax, and abdomen white tinged with red-brown ; antenne fuscous except towards base. Fore wing very narrow ; whitish suffused with red-brown ; a slight brown antemedial mark in submedian fold; the medial part of costa with slight brown points; antemedial line slight, black defined on inner side by whitish, very oblique from costa to the postmedial line at vein 2, then inwardly oblique to inner margin, defining on inner side the postmedial line, which is rather diffused black-brown defined on outer side by whitish, very oblique and slightly curved from costa near apex to submedian fold, then still more oblique to middle of inner margin; a fine brown terminal line; cilia whitish. Hind wing silvery white. Underside of fore wing white, tinged with brown on costal half. . Hab. Gampia, 1d; N. Nieerta, Zungeru (Macfie), 1 2 type. Exp. 16 mm. Genus DATTINIA. Type. Dattinia, Rag. Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1887, p. exxxvii ............. devas syrtalis. Constantia, Rag. Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1887, p. exxxvii (nec Adams, Molly 1860). Ooo oa ics ce ceva ae boa ce che Sep oes Ee ee one leonalis, Buliana, Navas, Bol. Soc. Aragon, x. Dp. 640 (1918)! 2. oa. tee eee leonalis, (Ae) Dattinia eumictalis, sp. n. 2. Head and thorax yellowish white mixed with rufous, red- brown, and dark brown; abdomen white suffused with red-brown ; antenne white ringed with dark brown; legs white irrorated with brown. Fore wing yellowish white very thickly irrorated with rufous and red-brown and with a few dark brown scales ; a whitish Pyralidee of the Subfamily Pyraline. Fe subbasal spot below the cell; antemedial line strong, white, rather oblique to submedian fold and incurved at vein 1; a white spot in end of cell before the blackish-brown discoidal bar; postmedial line black-brown defined on outer side by whitish, incurved below costa, angled outwards at veins 6, 5, 4, then retracted and almost obsolete to below end of cell, then erect, sinuous and more dis- tinctly defined on outer side by white; a terminal series of faint brown spots; cilia chequered red-brown and white. Hind wing white tinged and irrorated with red-brown; a terminal series of slight brown striz; cilia whiter, Underside silvery white, the fore wing except on inner area and the costal area of hind wing irrorated with red-brown. Hab. Supax, Port Sudan (Waterfield), 1 2 type. Exp. 32 mm. Genus ANOBOSTRA, nov, Type, A. discimacula. Proboscis present; palpi with the 2nd joint porrect, typically projecting about the length of head, the scaling at extremity below produced to a point, the 3rd obliquely upturned, moderate; maxillary palpi dilated with scales; antenne of male thickened and with long fasciculate cilia, the basal joint with tuft of scales. Fore wing with vein 3 from angle of cell; 4, 5 typically stalked ; 6 from upper angle; 7, 8, 9 stalked; 10, 11 from cell. Hind wing with vein 3 from angle of cell; 4, 5 typically stalked; 6,7 from upper angle, 7 not anastomosing with 8. (1) Anobostra discimacula, sp. n. Palpi with the 2nd joint projecting about the length of head ; both wings with veins 4, 5 stalked. Head and thorax purplish red; abdomen grey suffused with brown ; antennz dark brown; pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen pale red irrorated with brown, Fore wing purplish red, -irrorated with blackish, the medial area slightly irrorated ; ante- medial line blackish defined on inner side by pale red, oblique to submedian fold, where it is angled outwards; a series of small blackish spots on medial part of costa ; a large black discoidal spot ; postmedial line rather diffused, black defined on outer side by pale red, excurved below vein 7 and at middle and incurved at discal fold and below vein 3, a series of slight blackish streaks beyond it on the veins; a terminal series of minute black spots. Hind wing grey suffused with brown; a whitish line at middle of cilia. Underside grey suffused with brown; fore wing with the costa pale reddish with numerous brown striz. Hab. Br. C. Arrica, Mt. Mlanje (Neave), 2 ¢ type; Porrv- GuEsE E. Arrica, Mt. Chiperone (eave), 1 2; MAasHonaLann, Umtali (Marshall),1 9. Exp., ¢ 18-20, 2 22-26 mm. Ann, & Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 8. Vol. xix. r 98 Sir G. F. Hampson on new (3) Anobostra albilinealis, sp. n. Palpi with the 2nd joint projecting about twice the length of head; both wings with veins 4, 5 from the cell. 2. Head, thorax, and abdomen pale red-brown. Fore wing chocolate red-brown with the basal area pale red-brown except towards costa; antemedial line white, rather oblique to median nervure ; a series of minute white spots on medial part of costa ; postmedial line white, excurved to vein 3, then incurved; cilia greyish brown with a fine whitish line at base. Hind wing pale red-brown mixed with some whitish, the base whiter; a curved whitish postmedial line; cilia greyer brown with a fine pale line at base. Underside red-brown mixed with whitish; fore wing with series of small white spots on costa to the postmedial line, the postmedial line of both wings slightly waved. Hab. Awysstnta, Dirre “Dawa (Drake-Brockman), 1 9 type. Exp. 30 mm. (4) Anobostra punctilinealis, sp. n. @. Head and thorax deep purple-red mixed with black ; abdomen greyish tinged with purple-red and thickly irrorated with black; pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen purplish red mixed with black, the fore tibiz and the tarsi brownish white. Fore wing deep purple-red irrorated with black; antemedial line indistinct, blackish, oblique to just below the cell, where it is angled outwards, then inwardly oblique and defined on inner side by white; the medial part of costa with series of white points ; postmedial line indistinct, blackish defined on outer side by white scales and by small spots at discal and submedian folds, minutely dentate, incurved below vein 4; cilia with a fine whitish line at base. Hind wing grey tinged with purplish red and suffused and irrorated with brown, the termen and cilia redder; a faint curved dark postmedial line. Underside dull purplish red irrorated with fuscous brown; fore wing suffused with fuscous brown to the post- medial line except on costal area, a series of white points on basal half of costa; the postmedial line blackish with a slight white mark at costa; hind wing with rather diffused minutely dentate blackish postmedial line. Hab. Br. C. Arrica, Mt. Mlanje (Weave), 3 2 type. Lxp. 28 mun. (5) Anobostra radialis, sp. n. @. Head and thorax red-brown mixed with ochreous. Fore wing greyish suffused with red-brown, especially on basal half and beyond lower angle of cell ; antemedial line whitish defined by dark brown on outer ‘side, angled outwards below costa, then obliquely eurved and with some black scales before and beyond it at inner margin; some dark rufous suffusion in and below middle of cell ; veins 2 to 6 streaked with whitish and defined on each side by Pyralide of the Subfamily Pyraline. 99 slight dark brown streaks to the postmedial line which is very near termen, white defined by dark brown on inner side, excurved between veins 6 and 3, then oblique and slightly sinuous; a fine brown terminal line; cilia whitish with grey medial band and line near tips. Hind wing yellowish white slightly tinged with rufous especially towards termen; an indistinct curved whitish sub- terminal line incurved at vein 2; cilia whitish with a slight brown line near base; the underside with the subterminal line more distinct and defined by brown on inner side. Hab. Br. E. Arrica, Taveta (K. St. A. Rogers), 2 9 type ; Uaanpa, Gondokoro (Reynes-Coles), 19. Exp. 30-34 mm. (1b) Lyndis medio-pallens, sp. n. Head and tegule pale reddish, the thorax pale reddish mixed with dark brown; abdomen grey suffused with black-brown, the base whitish, the anal tuft rufous; antenne and palpi irrorated with dark brown; pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen whitish tinged with red-brown and irrorated with dark brown. Fore wing whitish tinged with red-brown and irrorated with dark brown, the medial area much paler except at costa, the basal costal area and a broad shade beyond the postmedial line darker; antemedial line rather diffused dark brown, slightly curved; the medial part of costa with minute greyish spots ; a black striga on upper disco- cellular ; postmedial line dark brown slightly defined on outer side by whitish towards costa, very oblique and straight; a terminal series of blackish points except towards costa and fine whitish line at base of cilia. Hind wing creamy white slightly irrorated with brown, the terminal area more thickly irrorated; traces of a brown antemedial line from cell to inner margin ; a curved brown post- medial line; a brown terminal line and white line at base of cilia. Underside whitish tinged with red-brown and thickly irrorated with dark brown; both wings with small dark discoidal spot and oblique postmedial line. Hab. Br. E. Arrica, Nairobi (Betton), 1 $, Kikayu, Fort Smith (Crawshay), 1 3 type, Eb Urru (Betton), 1 3g, Nakuru (Bodeher), 1 3,1 2; Germ. KE. Arrica, Kilimandjaro (Sjéstedt), 13. Kzxp. 26 mm. (le) Tyndis pallidirufa, sp. n. Head and thorax whitish suffused with rufous; abdomen whitish tinged with rufous and irrorated with black, a blackish band on third segment; pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen rufous irrorated with brown. Fore wing whitish suffused with rufous and irrorated with dark brown except on medial area ; a rather diffused erect black almost medial line from subcostal nervure to inner margin and a similar oblique postmedial line from below costa to inner margin; a terminal series of minute black spots; cilia with blackish lines near base and tips. Hind wing 7% 100 Mr. W. L. Distant on the whitish suffused with reddish brown; an oblique dark postmedial shade; a dark terminal line; cilia whitish with dark Jines near base and tips. Underside creamy white tinged with rufous and irrorated with brown; fore wing with dark discoidal point and suffused oblique postmedial line from below costa to inner margin ; hind wing with diffused oblique black postmedial line; both wings with terminal series of minute black spots. Hab. Sierra LEONE (Clements), 13,1 92 type. Exp., 3 20, Q 22 mm. (6) Tyndis pyrrhoxantha, sp. u. 2. Head and thorax yellow suffused with brilliant fiery red ; abdomen yellowish tinged with fiery red and irrorated with fuscount pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen yellow tinged with red. Fore wing orange-yellow suffused with fiery red and irro- rated with black ; traces of a yellow antemedial line, oblique to submedian fold and ineurved at vein 1; postmedial line rather diffused yellow, excurved at middle and incurved at submedian fold. Hind wing yellow, the inner and terminal areas faintly tinged with red and the latter irrorated with blackish. Underside orange-vellow ; fore wing with minute dark discoidal point, the terminal area tinged with red and irrorated with black; hind wing with the apex tinged with red and irrorated with black. Hab. Gowv Coast, Bibianaha (Spurrell), 1 2 type. Exp. 22 mm. V.—The Homoptera of Indo-China. By W. L. Distant. Fam. Cicadide. For some time Mon. R. Vitalis de Salvaza has sent me collections of Homoptera from this very interesting region, and I believe he intends at some future date to publish an illustrated work on the insect fauna of Indo-China. The Homoptera already received are from the frontier of Laos, East Annam, and from Lao Kay and Chapain Tonkin. In this contribution I give a rough list of the species already received, which number fifty-five, belonging to the family Cicadide alone. Examples of all these, including types and unigues, are placed in the collection of the British Museum, which, as regards this family, is now by far the largest and most complete in the world, I also add the descriptions of six new species. Homoptera of Indo-China. 101 List of Species already received. Platypleura badia, Dist. nigrosignata, Dist. Tosena melanoptera, White. Rihana bimaculata, Oliv. Cryptotympana mandarina, Dist. holsti, Dist. Inthaxara rex, Dist. Salvazana mirabilis, Dist. Leptopsaltria phra, Vist. Dundubia mannifera, Linn., var. terpsichore, Walk. Cosmopsaltria fratercula, Dist. oopaga, Vist- andersoni, Vist. tonkiniana, Jac. Haphsa nana, Dist. Platylomia nagarasingna, Dist. operculata, Dist. radha, Dist. Meimina microdon, Walk. subviridissima, Dist. ——— 741'a, Dist. Pomponia intermedia, Dist. fusca, Oliv. lactea, Dist. Aola scitula, Dist. bindusara, Dist. Terpnosia crowfooti, Dist. } | | : Terpnosia posidonia, Jac. madhava, Dist. chapana, Dist. ransonneti, Dist. rustica, Dist. mesonotalis, Dist. clio, Walk. mawi, Dist. Ci alcagninus salcazanus, Dist. Geana vitalisi, Dist. maculata, Dru. annamensis, Dist. sultane, Vist. pavici, Noualh. Balinta pulchella, Dist. delinenda, Vist. Talainga binghami, Dist. distanti, Jac. Mogannia cyanea, Walk. hebes, Walk. cesar, Jac. conica, (erm. indigotea, Dist. Huechys sanguinea, De Geer, tonkinensts, Dist. Scieroptera splendidula, Fabr. Lemuriana apicalis, Germ, a Terpnosia rustica, sp. n. Head, pro- and mesonotum pale olivaceous green ; head with two spots at apex of front and a lateral spot near base of antennze, two curved central lines on vertex, and a spot above margins of eyes and two small spots between central fascize and eyes black ; pronotum with two central longitudinal fascie which are angulated anteriorly and o poster jorly, the furrow behind eyes, and the lateral margins black ; mesonotum with central obconical lines which | are centrally, posteriorly prolonged, a sublateral line on each side, and a spot near each anterior angle of the basal eicitotth elevation black; abdomen above and beneath ochraceous, with the basal margin and apical area black, the basal segments above are also centrally spotted with black ; legs and opercula pale olivaceous-green, the latter with black Jateral margins, the tarsi ochraceous and apically black ; tegmina and wings subhyaline, the first with the veins Dixekigh, the transverse veins at the bases of first, second, and third apical areas with pale brown suffusions aud some obscure spots of the same colour on the longi- 102 Mr. W. L. Distant on the tudinal veins to apical areas, costal and post-costal mem- branes ochraceous ; wing-venation blackish ; opercula in ° female short and transverse, subconically oblique, not extending beyond base of abdomen ; face conically produced and somewhat strongly laterally striate; base of head at region of ocelli suleate ; pronotum centrally longitudinally suleate ; tympanal coverings both narrower and shorter than tympanal cavities. Long., excl. tegm., ¢, 15 mm. ; exp. tegm. 49 mm. Hab. Tonkin; Chapa (R. Vitalis de Salvaza). This species may be placed near 7. ransonneti, Dist. Terpnosia chapana, sp. n. d. Head, pronotum, mesonotum, face, sternum, legs, and opercula olivaceous green ; abdomen above and beneath pale testaceous, the abdominal margins a little darker, and the apical abdominal area black; lineate markings to anterior margin of front, a transverse spot near insertion of autennee, and a suffusion at the region of the ocelli black ; pronotum with two central longitudinal linear fasciz, nar- rowed and united at base, the furrows, two spots on each Jateral area, and the extreme basal margin black ; meso- notum with the margins of two anterior obconical spots, followed on each side of anterior margin by a small angulate spot and again by a submarginal longitudinal fascia, a central longitudinal spot reaching middle of cruciform elevation and a spot before each anterior angle of same, black ; tegmina and wings subhyalive, the venation black or blackish, tegmina with the costal membrane and post- costal area ochraceous, the transverse veins at the bases of the second, third, and fifth apical areas, and the apices of the longitudinal veins to the apical areas spotted with fuscous ; tympanal coverings well developed, but shorter and narrower than tympanal cavities ; face centrally sulcate and strongly transversely striate, vertex between the ocelli sulcate ; opercula subtruncately oblique, scarcely passing the base of abdomen ; greatest width of tegmina about one-third of length. Long., excl. tegm., ¢, 18 mm.; exp. tegm. 55 mm. Hab, Tonkin, Chapa (R. Vitalis de Salvaza). The uearest allied species is 7. posidonia, Jac. Terpnosia mesonotalis, sp. n. 3. Head, pronotum, abdomen above and _ beneath, sternum and legs ochraceous, the upper surface of the Homoptera of Indo-China. 103 abdomen moderately rufescent ; mesonotum uniformly pale ochraceous; pronotum with the sublateral furrow marked with black ; the mesonotal cruciform elevation dark tes- taceous; opercula pale ochraceous ; tegmina and wings subhyaline, the veins fuscous; tegmina with the. costal membrane and post-costal area dull ochraceous with dark linear markings, extreme basal angle of upper ulnar area dark fuscous; vertex of head sulcate between the ocelli; sublateral furrows to pronotum very profound; face with very strong transverse ridges; tympanal coverings small, very much shorter and a little narrower than tympanal cavities ; opercula short and broad, not quite reaching base of abdomen. Long., excl. tegm., ¢, 17 mm.; exp. tegm. 45 mm. Hab. Toukin; Chapa (R. Vitalis de Salvaza). To be placed near T. madhava, Dist. Calcagninus salvazanus, sp. 0. d. Body and legs ochraceous, mesonotum a little paler, sometimes blackish markings at base of abdomen beneath ; tegmina and wings subhyaline, the venation fuscous brown, tegmina with the whole of the costal and subcostal areas ochraceous ; tympanal coverings imperfect ; abdomen tuber- culate beneath on second and third abdominal segments ; head about as long as half the width between eyes ; wings with six apical areas; mesonotum sometimes with indi- cations of two dark lateral longitudinal fascie ; opercula wide apart, transverse, not passing basal abdominal segment, apical margins roundly truncate; face with the lateral striations distinct, but not profound; vertex of head narrowly longitudinally sulcate between the ocelli. -Long., excl. tegm., ¢, 15 mm. ; exp. tegm. 45 mm. Hab. ‘Tonkin ; “Chapa (R. Vitalis de Salvaza a). Mogannia indigotea, sp. 0. Body and legs very dark indigo-blue ; tegmina and wings hyaline, the venation dark ochraceous ; tegmina with about basal half flavescent, outwardly margined with a transverse fuscous fascia and an oblique macular fascia directed inwardly and the basal cell of the same colour, costal membrane dark ochraceous; base of wings narrowly dark ochraceous. Front of head longly hirsute and longly depressed, between the ocelli longitudinally sulcate ; pro- notum with the furrows profound ; rostrum reaching the intermediate coxe. 104 Mr. R. BE. Turner on Fossorial [Tymenoptera. Long., excl. tegm., 14-17 mm. ; exp. tegm. 31-40 mm. Hab. Tonkin; Chapa (R. Vitalis de Salvaza). N. China (Brit. Mus.). Philippine Is.; Malinao, Tayabas (C. 7. Baker), A somewhat variable species, allied to M. effecta, Dist. In some specimens the basal cell of tegmina is ochraceous, in others the inner and outer dark fasciz of the basal area are fused. Huechys tonkinensis, sp. un. Head, pronctum, and mesonotum black ; vertex of head with almost anterior half, the ocelli and an angulated spot behind them, pronotum with a central, broad, longitudinal fascia which is strongly, medially, angularly compressed, mesonotum with the lateral margins and a medial, longi- tudinal, anteriorly strongly attenuated fascia sanguineous ; face black, apically sanguineous; sternum, opercula in male, body beneath and above sanguineous; legs black ; tegmina dark brownish, the venation darker; wings sub- hyaline, the venation dark brownish; head with the face strongly, centrally, longitudinally suleate for about two-thirds its length, the transverse lateral striations very coarse ; head (including eyes) about as wide as base of mesonotum; head about as long as pronotum; mesonotum (including cruciform elevation) longer than pronotum; tegmina with eight apical areas; opercula in male not passing base of abdomen, well separated, but inwardly obliquely directed ; their apices roundly truncate. Long., excl. tegm., ¢,18 mm.; exp. tegm. 40 mm. Hab. 'Yonkin; Chapa (R. Vitalis de Salvaza). Allied to H. chryselectra, Dist., from Borneo. VI.— Notes on Fossorial Hymenoptera. — XXV. On new Sphecoidea in the British Museum. By Row ann E. Turner, F.Z.S., F.E.S. Subfamily Parranryin a. Cerceris armigera, sp. 0. @. Nigra; clypeo, mandibulis basi, scapo, fronte sub antennis, segmento dorsali secundo macula basali utrinque, segmentisque quarto quintoque fascia apicali emarginata flavis; vertice macula utrinque pone oculos, pronoto macula utrinque, tegulis, femoribus Mr. R. EF. Turner on Fossorial Hymenoptera. 105 i] ] anticis, femoribus intermediis apice, tibiis tarsisque anticis inter- ‘mediisque brunneo- ferrugineis ; segmentis dorsalibus ,secundo, quarto, quintoque omnino, tertioque apice ferrugineis; lis hyalinis, venis nigris; clypeo brevissimo, subporrecto, apice latissime emarginato, ane alts apicalibus dente valido armato; mesopleuris haud -dentatis; segmento mediano area basali sub- opaca, delicatissime punctata, segmento ventrali secundo area basali elevata nulla. Long. 8 mm. ?. Coarsely and closely punctured ; head very broad, the eyes distinctly divergent towards the clypeus ; cheeks nearly as broad as the eyes. Antenne inserted rather low down, nearly three times as far from the anterior ocellus as from the base of the clypeus, second joint of the flagellum a little longer than the third. First abdominal segment distinctly uae than long; pygidial area coarsely but rather sparsely punctured, elongate- -ovate, rather broadly truncate at the apex, Petia segments very strongly constricted, the ventral surface almost smooth. First recurrent nervure received a little before the middle of the second cubital cell, second close to the base of the third enbital cell. Hab. 5. Queensland, Darra near Brisbane (Hacker) ; De- cember. The shape of the clypeus is remarkable and quite different from any other Australian species. Cerceris unispinosa, sp. n. 9. Nigra; mandibulis basi, clypeo, fronte usque ad antennarum basin, seapo, genis late, vertice macula obliqua utrinque, pronoto fascia utrinque, tegulis, scutello macula transversa utrinque, postscutello, segmento dorsali secundo macula transversa basali, tertio fascia apicali antice late emarginata, quarto fascia an- gusta apicali, quinto fere omnino, segmentis ventralibus tertio quintoque lateribus, femoribus anticis intermedilisque subtus, tibiis tarsisque anticis intermediisque flavis; segmento dorsali secundo dimidio basali, segmentis ventralibus secundo fere toto, tertio in medio, femoribus anticis intermediisque supra, pedibus- que posticis ferrugineis; alis hyalinis, apice et cellula radiali infumatis, venis nigris ; clypeo plano, apice subemarginato, mar- gine apicali in medio dente nigro parvo armato; mesopleuris haud tuberculatis ; segmento mediano area basali subopaca, im- punctata ; segmento ventrali secundo area basali elevata nulla. Long. 9 mm. 9. Strongly and closely punctured; head very broad, eyes distinctly divergent towards the clypeus, antennae inserted about twice as far from the anterior ocellus as from 106 Mr. R. E. Turner on Fossorial Hymenoptera. the base of the clypeus; cheeks very broad, much broader than the eyes ; first abdominal segment a little longer than the greatest breadth ; pygidial area rugulose, elongate-ovate, rather narrowly truncate at the apex ; second ventral segment almost smooth, the other ventral segments sparsely and shallowly punctured. Hab. S. Queensland, Darra near Brisbane (Hacker) ; De- cem ber. Not very near to any other Australian species. Subfamily Nyssonrvz. Nysson ( Acanthostethus) brisbanensis, Turn. Nysson ( Acanthostethus) brisbanensis, Turn. Ann, & Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) _ xv. p. 81 (1915). Q. 3. The male has the ventral segments bare, without a fringe of hairs; ventral segments 3-6 with a small but distinct spine on each side at the apical angles; seventh dorsal segment widely and rather shallowly emarginate at the apex, the angles produced into short blunt spines. Hab, Brisbane (Hacker); February. Differs from nudiventris, Turn., to which species the female is most nearly allied, in the shape of the seventh dorsal seg- meut, which only has two spines (one at each apical angle), also in the presence of a short spine at the apical angles of the sixth ventral segment. ‘The only specimen sent is very small, measuring only 4 mm. in length. . Subfamily Crapronivz. Encopognathus brownet, sp. n. 9. Nigra, ubique dense rugose punctata; scapo, callis humerali- bus, postscutello, femoribus apice extremo, tibiis tarsisque pallide flavis; tibiis intermediis posticisque infra fuscis; alis hyalinis, iridescentibus, venis fuscis, stigmate testaceo. Long. 5 mm. 9. Mandibles excised on the outer margin, acute at the apex. Clypeus subcarinate longitudinally, produced into two porrect teeth at the apex, with a smaller tooth on each side near the apical angles. Eyes not hairy, the facets in front larger than elsewhere, separated from each other at the base of the clypeus by a distance equal to about half the length of the scape; frontal groove smooth and shining. Posterior ocelli a little nearer to the eyes than to each other, the ocellar region and the vertex coarsely punctured-rugose, Mr. R. E. Turner on Fossorial Hymenoptera. 107 an oblique groove from the eyes to the posterior ocelli ; the hind margin of the head slightly raised, subearinate. Pro- notum transverse, the anterior margin "raised and sharply pointed at the angles ; ; thorax very coarsely punctured, the mesopleuree coarsely rugose. Median segment short ; witha distinct enclosed basal area, which is very finely rugulose, with five strong longitudinal carine ; the posterior slope rather indistinctly transversely striated; the sides of the segment very finely and closely punctured. Abdomen smooth and shining beneath, the three basal dorsal segments coarsely punctured, the three apical segments closely and finely punctured. Recurrent nervure received before the middle of the cubital cell; transverse cubital nervure received just beyond the middle of the radial cell. Hab. British East Africa, Tana River, 3000 ft., near Mt. Kenia (G. Orde Browne) ; November. This is distinct both in colouring and in structural details from E. brauer7, Kohil., also in the sculpture of the abdomen. Rhopalum tuberculicorne, sp. n. 3. Niger; scapo, tuberculis humeralibus, pedibus anticis, pedibus intermediis tarsis infuscatis, coxisque posticis apice flavis ; fia- gello fusco subtus ferrugineo ; segmentis dorsalibus 5-7, ventrali- bus 2-7, tiblis posticis tegulisque pallide ferrugineis; alis hyalinis, iridesceutibus, venis nigris, cellula radiali infuscata. Long. 4 mm. 3. Clypeus without a carina, clothed with silver pubes- cence, the apical margin almost transverse. Mandibles blunt at the apex, not bidentate. Second joint of the fla- gellum longer than the third, emarginate at the base beneath and produced into a stout tubercle at the apex beneath. Head smooth and shining; the eyes separated at the base of the clypeus by a distance slightly exceeding the length of the scape, strongly divergent towards the vertex ; posterior ocelli as far from the eyes as from each other, and also as far from the hind margin of the head as from each other, a short longitudinal sulcus between them. Pronotum short, a minute spine at the anterior angles. Thorax shining, microscopically punctured ; median segment smooth and shining. First abdominal segment scarcely longer than the second, mode- rately swollen at the apex, second segment broadened from the base, third segment broader than long. Hind tibie broad, with a few small spines on the outer margin. Re- current nervure received just before two-thirds from the base of the cubital cell; radial cell broadly truncate at the apex, 108 Mr. R. E. Turner on Fossorial Hymenoptera. the costal margin shorter than the stigma, the transverse cubital nervure received a little beyond one-quarter from the base of the cell. /lab. 8. Queensland, Caloundra (/acker) ; January. Nearly related to R. tenutventris, Turn., but the abdomen is wore slender in that species, the third segment being much longer than broad; in tenuventr’s g the scape has a small spine at the apex, the second joint of the flagellum is rather more strongly emarginate beneath, and the third joint is also strongly emarginate beneath and subtuberculate at the apex. The epicnemial area is defined in both species. In most Australian species of Rhopalum the male antenne are not strongly differentiated, but in 2. alteva, ‘Turn., and 2. lepto- sperm’, Vurn., the third joint of the flagellum is strongly emarginate beneath aud subtuberculate at the apex. Rhopalum testaceum, sp. n. 2. Testacea; capite mesonotoque nigris; mandibulis, apice .ex- cepto, clypeoque flavis; antennis testaceis ; alis hyalinis, irides- centibus, venis fuscis. Long. 4 mm. 9. Mandibles acute at the apex, not bidentate ; clypeus broadly rounded at the apex, with four minute teeth on the apical margin, without a carina. Head smooth and shining ; the eyes separated at the base of the clypeus by a distance equal to rather more than two-thirds of the length of the scape ; posterior ocelli as far from the eyes as from each other and about the same distance from the hind margin of the head ; a curved groove from the inner margin of the eye, extending towards, but not reaching, the posterior ocelli. Pronotum depressed below the mesonotum, almost vertical. ‘Thorax closely and minutely punctured, a transverse groove at the base of the scutellum. Median segment smooth and shining, with a distinct median suleus. First abdominal segment a little shorter than the second, moderately swollen at the apex, not very slender; second segment longer than the apical breadth ; third segment much broader than long. Hind tibize very feebly serrate near the apex. Recurrent nervure received a little before two-thirds from the base of the cubital cell ; radial cell oblique at the apex, the costal margin as long as the stigma, the transverse cubital nervure received just beyond one-quarter from the base of the cell. Hab. N. Queensland, Kuranda (Ff. P. Dodd). Easily distinguished by the remaikable colouring. The first abdominal segment is shorter than in other Australian Mr. R. BE. Turner on Fossorial Hymenoptera. 109 species except frenchi and macrocephalus, and the hind tibice are mach less swollen than is usual in the genus. Subfamily Trrroxyroniv2z. Pison deperditum, sp. n. Q@. Nigra; mandibulis, palpis, antennis, abdomine pedibusque rufo- ferrugineis ; tegulis testaceis; alis hyalinis, venis fuscis ; segmento “‘mediano erasse rugoso, sulco mediali lato, transverse striato. Long. 7 mm. 9. Clypeus broadly rounded at the apex, clothed with whitish pubescence, which extends on to the front. Second joint of the flagellum about equal to the third, nearly twice as long as the first. yes separated at the base of the clypeus by a distance equal to nearly twice the length of the scape, and by about the same distance on the vertex ; posterior ocelli a little further from each other than from the eyes, separated from each other by a distance equal to the diameter of one of them, with a shallowly impressed transverse line behind them. Front with a low carina from the base of the antenne reaching halfway to the anterior ocellus. Pronotum transverse, with a narrow depression along the hind margin; thorax smooth, opaque. Median segment very coarsely rugose-reticulate, with short oblique striz at the base, and a very wide transversely striated longitudinal sulcus, the poste- rior slope irregulaily transversely striated. Abdomen micro- scopically punctured, the segments broadly but very shallowly depressed on the apical margin. First recurrent nervure received jast before the apex of the first cubital cell, second received close to the middle of the second cubital cell ; third cubital cell on the radius very short, shorter than the petiole of the second cubital cell. Hab. Port Darwin, Northern Territory (G. F. Hill). This is very closely allied to P. ruficornis, Sm., from which, however, it is easily distinguished by the very different and miuch coarser sculpture of the median segment. ‘The neuration in both species is that of the section Pisonitus, Shuck. Pison multistrigatum, sp. n. 2. Nigra; palpis testaceis; calcaribus unguiculisque ferrugineis ; alis hyalinis, apice leviter infumatis, venis fuscis; segmento mediano fortiter longitudinaliter striato. Long. 9 mm. 110 Mr. R. E. Turner on Fossorial Hymenoptera. ?. Clypeus broadly truncate at the apex, clothed with silver pubescence. Head opaque, finely punctured ; eyes separated at the base of the clypeus by a distance about equal to three times the length of the scape, but by only about half that distance on the vertex ; second joint of the flagellum distinctly longer than the third and about twice as long as the first ; posterior ocelli about twice as far from each other as from the eyes. Thorax subopaque, finely and closely punctured ; the pronotum transverse, a little depressed on the posterior margin. Median segment very coarsely longi- tudinally striated; the sides of the segment finely hori- zontally striated, with fine punctures between the striz ; posterior slope transversely striated, with a deep median sulcus. Abdomen shining, very finely punctured, the seg- ments rather feebly depressed at the apex; second ventral segment more sparsely punctured in the middle than on the sides; the apical angles of the dorsal segments with a little white pubescence. First recurrent nervure received close to the apex of the first cubital cell, second at the apex of the second cubital cell, almost interstitial with the second trans- verse cubital nervure. Third cubital cell shorter on the radius than the petiole of the second cubital cell. Hab. Nyasaland, Mlanje (iS. A. Neave) ; February. Differs from all other species known to me by the very strong longitudinal striation of the median segment. Pison strigulosum, sp. n. Q. Nigra; fronte argenteo-pubescente; mandibulis, femoribus apice, tibiis tarsisque ferrugineis ; tegulis testaceis; alis hyalinis, iridescentibus, venis nigris, segmento mediano basi oblique, apice transverse striato. Long. 8 mm. ?. Clypeus without a carina, broad, the apical margin slightly oblique on the sides and forming a distinct angle in the middle. Head opaque, a distinct frontal sulcus reaching the anterior ocellus. Front broad, the eyes at the base of the clypeus more than half as far again from each other as on the vertex. Posterior ocelli nearer to the eyes than to each other ; second joint of the flagellum distinctly longer than the third. Thorax minutely and closely punctured, the pronotum and mesopleure clothed with short silver pubes- cence. Median segment obliquely striated at the base, the striz becoming rather finer and more transverse towards tlie apex, the apical slope coarsely transversely striated ; at the base of the segment is a very small triangular space enclosed Mr. R. KE. Turner on Fossorial Hymenoptera. 111 by sulci; from the apex of the triangle a longitudinal trans- versely striated groove runs to the apex of the segment, and is continued after a narrow interruption on the apical slope. Abdomen finely punctured, somewhat pubescent, the three basal segments shallowly depressed on the apical margin ; second ventral segment microscopically punctured, more finely than the third; second to fourth ventral and third to fifth dorsal segments very narrowly pale testaceous at the apex. ‘Third cubital cell as long on the radius as the petiole of the second cubital cell; recurrent nervures received just before the first and second transverse cubital nervures. Hab. Gold Coast, Tamale (Dr. C. E. S. Watson). This belongs to the group of P. wanthopus, Brullé, but may be distinguished by the less oblique striation of the median segment, the colour of the pubescence on the front, and the shape of the clypeus. Pison carinatum, sp. n. @. Nigra; mandibulis in medio fusco-ferrugineis; calcaribus pallide testaceis ; alis hyalinis, margine apicali leviter infuscatis ; fronte argenteo-sericeo, abdomine segmentis dorsalibus 1-3 margine apicali albido pubescentibus. 3. Femine similis ; ‘tarsis rufescentibus ; segmentis abdominalibus 4-7 rufis; segmento dorsali septimo lato, deflexo, apice sub- truncato. Long., 2 7, ¢ 6mm. 2. Clypeus with a low longitudinal carina on the basal half, broadly subtruncate at the apex. Head opaque, with a delicate longitudinal sulcus on the front reaching to the anterior ocellus. Eyes more than half as far again from each other at the base of the clypeus’ as on the vertex ; posterior ocelli a little nearer to each other than to the anterior ocellus, further from each other than from the eyes; second joint of the flagellum a little shoiter than the third. Thorax closely and minutely punctured, more strongly on the mesopleurse than on the mesonotum; median segment finely obliquely striated, depressed longitudinally in the middle, with a distinct longitudinal carina, the apical slope transversely striated, the sides of the segment finely and closely punctured. Abdomen on both surfaces closely and microscopically punc- tured; sixth dorsal segment broadly triangular, convex, subcarinate longitudinally in the middle. The position of the recurrent nervures and also the length of the third cubital cell on the radius show much variation in this species. The male has the clypeus more preduced in the middle 112) Mr. R. E. Turner on Fossorial Hymenoptera. than in the female, but has the carina at the base; the eyes are a little further apart on the vertex, the second joint of the flagellum is fully as long as the third. The broad form of the seventh dorsal segment is remarkable. Hab. Ashanti, Obuasi (W. M. Graham), April, Feb- ruary ; Uganda, Entebbe (C. G. Gowdey) (type), September and March; Egypt, Meadi (Egyptian Department of Agri- culture), July ; Sierra Leone (Morgan). I had identified this species as wanthopus, Brullé, in my recent ‘paper on Pison (Proce. Zool, Soc. 1916), but since then have found other specimens answering much better to Brullé’s description. The present species may possibly be obscurus, Shuck., but the type of that species is lost and the description gives the pubescence of the front as golden, as in wanthopus. Pison xanthopus, Brulle. Nephridia xanthopus, Brullé, Ann. Soc, Ent. France, ii. p. 408 (1833), Sas Four females in the National Collection answer well to the description. They differ from carinatum and strigulosum in the bright golden pubescence of the front and in the red colour of the two or three apical abdominal segments. There is no basal carina on the clypeus as in carinatus, which it resembles in the sculpture of the median segment, and differs in the latter point trom sérigulosum. The clypeus is more distinctly truncate at the apex than in either of the other species. LP. clypeatus, Cam., seems to belong to the same group. I do not think that Shuckard’s description of obscurus can be meant for the present species. Hab. N. Nigeria, Kateri (J. J. Simpson), December; Gold Coast, Aburi (L. Armstrong), April. Pison flavolimbatum, sp. n. Q. Nigra; segmentis dorsalibus tribus basalibus fascia apicali flavidula; scapo tegulisque brunneo-testaceis; fronte, pronoto segmentogue mediano lateribus pallide aureo-pubescentibus ; alis subhyalinis, costa late infuscata, venis nigris. Long. 10 mm. 9. Clypeus convex, broadly truncate at the apex, without a carina ; liead opaque, a distinct frontal sulcus reaching to the anterior ocellus; eyes a little further apart at the base of the clypeus than on the vertex, posterior ocelli as near to each other as to the eyes; an undulating, low, transverse ridge separating the anterior from the posterior ocellar On the External Characters of the Felide. 113 region. Second joint of the flagellum slightly longer than the third. Thorax opaque, minutely and very closely punc- tured ; median segment similarly punctured, with a median longitudinal sulcus, shallow and narrow on the dorsal surface, deep and broader on the posterior slope, the extreme apex with a few transverse striz. Abdomen closely and minutely punctured, rather more strongly on the ventral than on the dorsal segments ; sixth dorsal segment triangular, convex. Both recurrent nervures received by the second cubital cell, the first near one-quarter from the base, the second very near the apex ; radial margin of the third cubital cell variable in length, but longer than the petiole of the second cubital cell. Hab. British Guiana, Issororo (C. B. Williams) ; July. Three females. The development of the yellow abdominal fascize, which are chitinous, varies considerably, being rather obscured in one specimen. This is quite distinct from P. paraense, Spin., which also has yellowish abdominal fascie, but is much smaller and is without the broad fuscous costal margin of the fore wing, and differs in other details of colour, also in the position of the first recurrent nervure. VII.— On the External Characters of the Felide. By R. I. Pocock, F.R.S., Superintendent of the Zoological Society’s Gardens. Tur facts recorded in this paper are based upon an exami- nation, extending over many years, of specimens that have died in the Zoological Society’s Gardens. Although un- avoidably incomplete, the observations probably, I think, cover the range of variation in the characters discussed within the limits of the family. The Ears. The ears of the Felide are very constant in their general features, so far as my observations have carried me, and do not differ essentially from those of the typical Viverride. The bursa is always present and large. Its posterior flap rises behind the rim of the pinna above, and the anterior flap is always deeply notched. These features are observable even in newly-born kittens. The main cartilages also differ but little from species to species ; but neither in the structure of the bursa nor of the cartilages have I been able to establish Ann. & Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 8. Vol. xix. 8 114 Mr. R. I. Pocock on the any features of systematic value. A more detailed comparison than I have made may, however, show that such differences Fig. 1. A. Left ear of Felis ruffus esquinapa, nat. size. B. ” 9 jaguarondi, 3 ” C. ‘. » salinarum, yee exist. For instance, in /. eyra the excrescence on the antero- internal ridge overlapping the anterior end of the supratragus (plica principalis) is rather unusually well developed, External Characters of the Felide. 115 Usually the ears are rounded at the summit, but in the species of the genus Felis (s.s.), e. g. F. sylvestris, ocreata, chaus, and their allies, and also in the lynxes, F. lynz, ruffus, caracal, they are more angular and pointed. In all the lynxes, moreover, the tip is provided with a pencil of hairs, which are especially well developed in F. caracal and smallest in F. ruffus. In the latter they are sometimes temporarily absent during the moult; but they are never absent in /’. caracal. That these ear-tufts cannot be regarded as a generic feature is shown by the frequent presence of similar but smaller tufts in /’. ocreata, F. chaus, and F. ornata. Of all the species known to me, F. jaguarondi* and F. manul have relatively the smallest and least conspicuous ears. In the former their smallness, coupled with the general shape of the narrow head, imparts a decidedly musteline phy- siognomy to the species. In /.manul the width of the head and the height of the forehead make the ears appear to be set very low behind the cheek, and they certainly are never raised above the summit of the head when pricked +. F. serval presents the greatest possible contrast to F. manul in. this particular, the ears being large and capable of being closely juxtaposed on the top of the head when pricked. In no other species is this power developed to the same extent. The ear of Acinonyx conforms in shape and structure to that of other round-eared members of the family Felidz (Aun. & Mag. Nat, Hist. (8) xviii. pp. 422-423, fig. 2.4, 1916). a The Rhinarium. The muzzle of the Felidz differs from that of the Viverride, Cryptoproctidz, Mungotide, and their allies in being bluntly truncated, the nose, that is to say, projects to a comparatively slight extent beyond the lower jaw. This feature, coupled with the shortness of the jaws, gives a very characteristic appearance to the face of the Felide as compared with that of other Aluroids in which the muzzle noticeably recedes from the anterior edge of the prominent rhinarium to the sloping chin. There is, however, a certain amount of variation in the Felidz with respect to this character. In all species, it may be added, the upper lip is cleft by a laterally distensible and mesially grooved strip of naked skin, confluent above with * If F. braccata, Cope, as stated, has pointed ears, it is probably not related to F. jaguarondi as claimed by its describer. + So far as my memory serves, the ears in F. manul are rounded and not angular, as one would expect from the affinity of this species to typical Felis and to the lynxes, g* 116 Mr. R. I. Pocock on the the rhinarium and extending inferiorly to the edge of the lip ; and the median groove impressing this strip passes up the anterior surface of the rhinarium approximately or actually as high as the upper rim of the nostrils. The infranarial Cc j A. Rhinarium of Felis sylvestris, from the front. B. ” ” ocreata, ” ” C. a 5 5 from the side. D. 3 7 serval, from the front. E. ” ‘i » from above. F. iy Je » from the side. G. ‘ 6 salinarum, from the front. H. 3 a Bs from above. Z ai fd zs from the side. portion of the rhinarium, so pronounced in Mungotidz and most of the “lower” Afluroidea, is either suppressed or developed to only a small extent. External Characters of the Felide. 117 In the genus Felis (s.s.), as exemplified by F. sylvestris and F. ocreata, the rhinarium is comparatively small, exhibiting from the dorsal view a very narrow naked area beyond the hair of the summit of the muzzle. Viewed from the front, A. Rhinarium of Felis pardalis, from the front. B. es ms x from above. C. 3 - is from the side. iva - », Jjaguarondi, from the front. E. 9 ss Fe from above. F i P, & from the side. its upper edge is horizontal with a slight median depression and rounded angles. The median portion below the level of the nostrils, which are moderately far apart, is acutely angled inferiorly, and there is no definite strip extending laterally beneath the nostrils. The rhinarium of an example of 118 Mr. R. I. Pocock on the F. ocreata from Somaliland differs from that of an example of F. sylvestris from Scotland in having the area between the nostrils and the angular portion immediately below it rather narrower (fig. 2, A, B, C). The lynxes (F. caracal, F. ruffus esquinape, and F. lyne isabellinus) have the rhinarium relatively larger and more prominent than F. sylvestris and F. ocreata, the naked portion seen from above being less overgrown by the hair of the muzzle. Otherwise there is no great difference between them. Inanexample of F. lynz isabellinus the upper margin seen from the front is more convex than in F. caracal and in F. ruffus esquinape, and the nostrils are somewhat larger, possibly in adaptation to a life at high altitudes, where the atmosphere is more rarified (fig. 4, C). In the smaller tropical and subtropical Felidz of America the rhinarium is large as compared with that of /. ocreata and sylvestris, as may be seen by comparing the drawings of this organ in a specimen of /’. ocreata from Somaliland and of F. salinarum from Cordova in the Argentine, the cats themselves being approximately equal in size. In the case of F. salinarum* the rhinarium exhibits a naked area of considerable size when seen from above, the nostrils are wider apart than in F. ocreata, and the infranarial portion is wider transversely and much less acutely angled inferiorly (ig. 2, B,C, & G, H, I). In F. wiedii the rhinarium is very similar to that of F. salinarum. ; In an example of F. pardalis (fig. 3, A, B, C) from Manaos the rhinarium is rather more prominent than in examples of F. wiedii examined, and has the internarial septum wider, the edge more convex in profile view, and the upper edge also more convex when viewed from the front. Nevertheless, the general similarity between them is unmistakable. In an adult /. jaguarondi (fig. 3, D, EK, F) from Cordova, in the Argentine, the muzzle projects, and the hairs on its summit form a high crest, which anteriorly encroaches in the middle line on the rhinarium, forming an angular pro- jection over the middle of its upper side. In profile view the margin is convex. From the front view the upper edge is mesially notclied by the hairy crest, the internarial septum is broad, and the portion below the nostrils deep. But ina young specimen of the typically-coloured form of this species * This form, described by Mr. Thomas (Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) xii. p. 289, 1903), is closely related to the hetter-known LF. geoffroyt. Possibly it should be regarded merely as a subspecies, External Characters of the Felide. 119 these characteristics of the rhinarium observed in the adult eyra-coloured specimen from Cordova are less marked *. I have only examined the rhinarium in two of the tropical Asiatic species, namely F. viverrina and J’. nebulosa. In the former the rhinarium is tolerablysimilar to that of F. pardalis, but is relatively smaller and less prominent. In F. nebulosa, on the other hand, it differs but little from the rhinarium of Panthera j{ described below. In the matter of prominence and the great size of the the naked area, when viewed from above, the rhinarium of F. serval (fig. 2, D, E, F) surpasses that of all other species of Felide. From the dorsal aspect it is broadly cordate. In profile view its margin is rather strongly convex and projects well beyond the lips. From the front its superior edge is transverse, with rounded angles; the portion above the nostrils is high, and the area below them wide, comparatively deep, and not acutely angled inferiorly. The rhinarium, indeed, is an exaggeration of the type seen in F. pardalis. The differences between it and the rhinarium of /’. ocreata and sylvestris are particularly worthy of note. In an example of F. concolor, three months old, the rhinarium seen from above exhibits a tolerably extensive naked tract, although not so large as that of F. pardalis. Nor is the rhinarium so convex and prominent in profile view as in that species. Moreover, from the front aspect the area above the nostrils is deeper, that below them is narrower, and the nostrils themselves are closer together. The rhinarium, it may be noted, is not like that of Panthera, but in its general features approaches the rhinarium of the smaller members of the Felidz. In Panthera leo (fig. 4, A, B) the short hair of the muzzle spreads over the summit of the rhinarium practically to its anterior margin, so that there is no naked area, or at most a very narrow naked area, visible in front of the hair from the dorsal view. ‘The rhinarium itself is tolerably flat, the median area below the level of the nostrils is narrow and acutely angled inferiorly, and there is no definite lateral infranarial extension, the naked skin forming the lower margin of the nostril being quite smooth and moist like the inside of that orifice, which is large and expanded. So far as my observations go, the rhinarium of P. tigris, * In the description of F. braccata, Cope records the angulation of the muzzle-hairs in F. jaguarondi (Amer. Nat. xxiii. p. 144, 1889). + For the recognition and definition of this genus, see Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) xviii. pp. 221-229 & 306-316 (1916). 120 Mr. R. I. Pocock on the Fig. 4. Toe ATT ( eS tte ae pee ‘ae eee Sie ’ — DMA DY if a ees), Mitt tht A. Rhinarium of Panthera leo, from the front. B. a » » from theside. C. - Felis lynx, from the front. | D; J 5» 39° from the side. External Characters of the Felide. 121 onca, and pardus agrees with that of P. leo. The rhinarium of Uncia uncia I do not know. The foregoing account of the range of variation in the structure of the rhinarium in the Felidz, and a comparison between that organ in the Felidze and in genera referred to the Viverride, show that there is practically a complete gradation between the two. In Civettictis civetta*, for example, the rhinarium, which is of the same type as the rhinarium of Paradoxurus and of Mungos, is very large and prominent, with the infranarial portions deep and extending laterally beyond the nostrils. But in Genetta the infranarial portions are reduced in size ; and in Linsang f they are so much reduced as to be only a little larger than in some of the Felide—e. g., F. pardalis, F. eyra, and F. serval, which also have the rhinarium tolerably prominent and naked above. The difference, indeed, between the rhinaria of Linsang and of Civettictis is greater than between the rhinaria of Linsang and F. par- dalis ; and from the prominent rhinarium, with its naked upper side, of /. pardalis, gradations may be traced within the Felide to the wide, comparatively flat rhinarium, with hairy upper side and suppressed infranarial areas, of Panthera leo, the species which, with its allies, has the highest type of rhinarium met with in the Zluroidea. The Facial Vibrisse. Amongst the #luroid Carnivores, as I have already shown, the Felide are exceptional for the complete absence of the interramal tuft of tactile vibrisse. At all events, I have never found a trace of this tuft in any specimen of the many species that have passed through my hands. For the rest, there is nothing particularly noteworthy about the facial vibrissee. The mystacial and superciliary tufts are always well developed. The two genal tufts occupy the normal position on each cheek, the lower being placed in a line with the corner of the mouth, and the upper a little higher up and a little farther back than the lower. In species with short hair on the cheeks each tuft consists usually of two or three long vibrisse and is very conspicuous, e. g- Panthera pardus and F. caracal. But sometimes there is a reduction in the number. Of two specimens of F. wiedii, * PoZ.S. 1915, p. 396. f¢ Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) xvi. p. 34], pl. xii. fig. 5 (1915). 122 Mr. R. I. Pocock on the for instance, one had three bristles to each tuft, the other only one—a difference I suspect to be due to moulting. On the other hand, in species with long hair or copious whiskers on the cheek, like Panthera tigris and Felis lyna, these vibrisse are not always easy to find. In an example of the Tibetan lynx, F. lynx isabellina, for instance, each of the genal tufts was represented by a single bristle mixed up with the fringe on the cheek. Similarly, in examples of F. sylvestris and of F. ocreata, recently examined, each the genal tufts was represented by a single bristle. The Feet. In the ‘Annals and Magazine of Natural History’ (8) xviii. pp. 419-429 (1916), in a paper dealing with the external characters of the hunting leopard or cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus), I described the feet of that Feline, and compared them with those of the common leopard (Panthera pardus) to show the differences between them and to illus- trate the range of structural variation in the feet within the limits of the family Felide. I stated that the feet of Acinonyx are distinguished from those of all the other members of that family by the complete absence of cuta- neous sheaths for guarding the claws; but added that the feet of the typical Felide by no means always conform to the Pantherine type in the degree of development of these sheaths. In the following pages I have described and figured the feet * of several species from the Old World and the New to show how they differ from each other. Since the selection is tolerably wide, it does not appear to me probable that any species of cat exists with feet differing in any important respect from all of those here discussed ; but a few interesting species, like F. manul, pajeros, and planiceps, still remain to be done. Since in their main characters tne feet here described agree with those of Panthera pardus, it is needless to repeat what was said on that head in the paper above quoted f. * The drawings have been taken from measured feet with the hairs surrounding the pads cut short, and the feet are represented as naked with the digits spread, the axes of digits 2 and 5 being approximately at right angles. + Apart from the forms assigned to Panthera, a gerus which I have elsewhere defined, all the species are provisionally referred to the genus Felis. External Characters of the Felide. 123 Genus Fetis, Linn. Feet of some European, African, and Asiatic Species. Felis sylvestris * —TYhe feet are comparatively narrow for Fig. 5. \) Pie “Ulf ‘ ' Ay \ ~ W=4 _ A. Left fore foot of Fets sylvestris. xX i. Bz, nid foot. ck: >, FF C. Right fore foot of Felis serval. x TE, s,/hind/ foot, of | 5; es s their length, with smallish pads. In the fore foot the * It is appropriate to begin with this species, because it is closely related to, and probably one of the agriotypes of, the domestic cat, Felts catus, the type of the genus Felis. The feet of the two are similar. The examples of F. sylvestris examined came from Scotland. 124 Mr. R. 1. Pocock on the second and third digits are provided with inner lobes to the claw-sheaths, that of the third being larger than that of the second. There is, however, no distinct inner lobe to the claw-sheaths of the fourth and fifth digits. The webs are moderately well developed. In the hind foot the digits are without inner lobes to the claw-sheaths, or, at all events, these lobes are so small as to be negligible (fig. 5, A, B). F. ocreata has feet almost precisely like those of F, sylvestris. Felis serval_—The feet in a general way resemble tolerably closely those of F. sylvestris, except that the sheaths of the claws are relatively a little larger, the inner lobe of the third digit in the specimen examined being exceptionally well developed and larger than the outer lobe. The carpal pad also is relatively larger (fig. 5, C, D). Felis caracal.—The fore foot is tolerably similar to that of F’. sylvestris, but the digits are more separable, the claw- sheaths somewhat larger, and the webs, particularly those joining the second and third and the fourth and fifth digits, shallower and more emarginate. In the hind foot the third digit carries a well-developed inner lobe to the claw-sheath, the plantar pad is longer as compared with its width than in F. sylvestris, and the webs are much shallower, especially that connecting the third and fourth digits. The digital pads, also both of the fore and hind foot, are more pointed distally than in F. sylvestris and F. serval (fig. 6, A, B). As I have already remarked (Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) xviii. p. 429, 1916), the hind feet of F. caracal recall those of Acinonyx jubatus in the emargination of the webs. Felis lynx isabellinus (fig. 7, C, D).—The feet differ in some interesting particulars from those of F. caracal. In the fore foot the plantar pad, owing to the encroachment of the surrounding hair, is shorter as compared with its width ; the webs are deeper and hardly differ in develop- ment from those of F. sylvestris and F. serval ; the claw- sheaths are exceedingly well developed on the second and third digits, the inner lobe of the third being approximately as large, relatively, as in F. serval, and there is a distinct inner lobe on the fourth and fifth digits, that of the fourth being large, that of the fifth smaller but distinct. In the hind foot the plantar pad is longer for its width than in the fore foot, but not so long as in F. caracal. ‘The webs are rather more emarginate than in F. sylvestris and F. serval, but not nearly so shallow as in F. caracal. As in the fore foot the claw-sheaths are complete on all the digits, External Characters of the Felidae. 125 the second, fourth, and fifth carrying an inne as the third, that of the fifth being the smallest. r lobe as well x ) fore foot of Felis caracal (young). hind foot of oe 2 e shorter and broader than in and in the example examined A. Right Bo» Felis viverrina.—Lhe feet ar the previously-described species, 126 Mr. R. I. Pocock on the the carpal pad was exceedingly small. The claw-sheaths are moderately well developed, but the inner lobe of the second dD. A. Left fore foot of Felis ruffus esquinape. X 3. B. ,, hind foot of “a Ny s C. Plantar pad of right fore foot of Felis lynx wsabellinus. X 4%. D. pe 9 hind foot of » ” ” of the fore foot is comparatively large, and there is a small inner lobe on the fourth and fifth. Similarly, in the hind : ; External Characters of the Felide. 127 foot there is an inner lobe, but a very small one on the second, third, and fourth digits. The webs are developed to approximately the same extent as in F. sylvestris and F, serval. They do not conceal the tips of the claws, which (Unclipped.) uf xd. 9? ” ” hind foot of ” Fig. 8. C. Left fore foot of Felis viverrina. iD ” xi, hind foot of ,, ” A. Left fore foot of Felis vwverrina. doy project to a certain extent, even beyond the hairs of the toes, especially on the hind feet, as shown by the sketches of the unclipped feet (fig. 8, A, B, C, D). i) ae Mr. R. I. Pocock on the Felis nebulosa—The feet are very short and broad with large pads. In the fore foot the carpal pad is very large Fig. 9. b: A. Right fore foot of Felis nebulosa. 4. B. ,, hind fvot of «,, 7 A and rounded at the apex, the webs are deep and extend »proximately up to the distal ends of the digital pads, « ad oa External Characters of the Felide. 129 on all the digits the claw-sheaths are perfected by the development of inner lobes. In the hind foot the plantar pad is very broad, the webs are very nearly as deep as in the fore foot, and all the digits, as in the fore foot, have well- developed inner lobes (fig. 9, A, B). The feet of this species differ from those of F. viverrina in the larger size of the pads, the much deeper webs, and the much better developed claw-sheaths. In all these respects they more resemble the feet of Panthera described below. The Feet of some American Species. The feet of an American lynx, probably F. ruffus esquinape (fig. 7, A, B), from Tampico, resemble those of F. lynx isabellinus in web-development, but the inner lobes of the sheaths of the claws are relatively smaller, both on the fore and hind feet, and the, plantar pads are differently shaped, being markedly longer as compared with their width. Thus the median length of these plantar pads is about three-quarters their total width. They are less over- grown by hair than in F. lynx isabellinus, and recall in their shape and proportions the posterior plantar pad of F. caracal. It may be recalled that Bangs has already pointed out (Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. xi. pp. 48, 49, 1897) that the plantar pads of the lynxes (Ff. ruffus fasciatus, ete.) of the more southern portions of North America are larger than those of the Canadian species (F. canadensis). Hence it may be inferred, I think, that the pads of F. canadensis probably resemble those of F. lynx isabellinus. The point, however, to be noticed here is that the three species of lynxes, namely, F. caracal, F. lynx isabellinus, and F. ruffus esquinape have feet of the same general form, and that those of the Mexican animal are approximately intermediate in character between the feet of F. caracal and of F. lynx isabellinus *. F. geoffroyi—The feet are more robust than those of Ff. sylvestris, but are otherwise tolerably similar to them in the size of the pads and the development of the webs and of the claw-sheaths. The claw-sheaths are small. In the fore foot the inner lobe is negligible on the fourth and fifth digits, small upon the second and larger, but still small, * The Tibetan lynx has been referred to the subgenus which at present carries the inadmissible name Eucervaria, ‘That is a mistake, the skull characters being those of the typical forms, F. lynw and F. canadensis. = Ann, & Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 8, Vole xise 9 130 Mr. R. I. Pocock on the upon the third; and in the hind foot the inner lobes are negligible upon all the digits *. F. jaquarondi.—In an adult example of the F. eyra- -mutatiou from Cordova, in the Argentine, the fore foot is Fig. 10. . | | A. Right fore foot of Felis wiedi?. x ash B. ,, hind foot of’ ,, o C. ,, fore foot of Felis salinarum. a? 4, mind foot of “4, Ye as shorter than in the example of F. geoffroyi examined, has — the pads relatively larger, and the claw-sheaths better * In all cats the edge of the skin upon the admedian or inner side of — the claw is detached from the claw to a greater or less extent. Hence the rudiment of the inner portion of the sheath is always present, even — * n-cases where it is stated to be negligible or absent in this paper. ee Eternal Characters of the Felide. 131 developed, the inner lobes of the second and third digits being larger and a small one is present on the fourth. The webs, however, are developed to approximately the same extent. The hind feet of the two species are also approxi- mately alike, except that in F. jaguarondi the claw-sheaths are a little larger and the third digit shows a small inner lobe. These differences, however, are less marked in a — as 2 Qa 2 ae fos © — oS aS ro) Diet oes a nF = ) = Pa - Oo RR = nS be ; ric es x 28 or . A . — 5 S) Lay ) S 2 = rs) .s) 2 sy ey St ey of * SS ie =) ese ee ot » e-26 S+—S Ss s a Ss _ . Z ae External Characters of the Felide. 135 Genetta, Poiana, and Linsang have much more primitive feet. On the other hand, Viverricuda has a single cordate ‘arpal pad, a simple trilobed plantar pad, and a small pollex set almost as high as in many Felide. The hind foot, how- ever, retains a small hallux ; and it seems that the invariable presence of this digit is the on'y character that can be definitely affirmed as distinctive of the feet of the Viverrinz (Viverra, Viverrieula, Civetlictis, and Genetia) when com- pared with those of the Felidae * The Anus and External Genitalia, The anus and the external genitalia, both in the male and tlle female, of the Felide present very little variation in structure. The anus itself opens in the centre of a circular area of naked skin, and in the female the skin immediately surrounding the vulva is uaked or sparsely hairy; the perineal region between the two is short, hairy, and un- modified, aud the clitoris is minute. In the male the perineal region is also hairy and unmodified, and the pre- puce is situated close to the scrotum. The glans penis is short, subconical, usually armed with backwardly directed spiny papilla, is boneless, or, at most, fortified with a small bone, and the urethra opeus close to the tip. In its short unmodified perineum, the shortness of tle glans penis, and the closeness of the prepuce to the scrotum the ano-genital area-of Felidze resembles that of Nandinia and the Mungotide, and, so far as lam aware, of Eupleres and Linsang. My acquaintance with the area in Lupleres and Linsang is, however, restricted to the female, and I do not know whether the prepuce is close to the scrotum or not. Fossa is another genus about which very little seems to be actually known with respect to this region, except that the perineum is unmodified and that the prepuce, judging from dried skins, is situated far in front of the scrotum, a character which must be regarded as primitive in the Carnivora. So far as this area is concerned, the Felidz may be dis- tii guished from Nandinia by the ab-ence of the large scent- gland situated in front of the prepuce and vulva in that genus, from the Mungotidz by the absence of the circum- anal glandular sac and the situation of the small urethral orifice at the tip of the glans penis instead of beneath it. Of the remaining genera of /Eluroids, the Viverridz * Very on the hallux is present in the Felidae, I have seen it in a lioness 136 Mr. S. Hirst on some (Viverra, Paradoxurus, Cynogale, and their allies) have the perineal area provided with scent-glands, situated in the male between the scrotum and the prepuce, which are widely separated. In Galidictis and Galidia a similar gland is present at least in the female, the position of the prepuce being unknown, In the Hyznas there is a large sac, receiving the secretion of the anal glands, above the anus, the prepuce is far in advance of the scrotum, and the glans penis is long. Finally, Cryptoprocta, which has even been referred to the same family as the Felidz on account of the misleading character of its dentition, has widely different external genitalia and the anus opening into a large sac. Thus, if we set aside Linsang, Eupleres, and Fossa, about which our knowledge is defective, it may be seen that the genito-anal area of the Felide possesses a combination of characters distinctive of this family of Atluroidea, VIII.—On some new Mites of the Suborder Prostigmata living on Lizards. By Stan.iny Hirst. (Published by permission of the Trustees of the British Museum.) Tux Acari described below are forms living on lizards, andy with the probable exception of Pimeliaphilus tenuipes, they are all true blood-sucking parasites. ‘The species dealt with in this preliminary note will be figured and described in detail in a later paper on parasitic mites, Genus Prerycosoma, Peters. Pterygosoma persicus, sp. n. ? —Body much wider than long. On each side of the anterior end of the dorsum there are two patches of very short plumose hairs ; these patches being almost continuous with one another, the inner one consists of about 5-8 hairs, the outer of 8-16 hairs. UHairs on rest of dorsum very few in number ; some distance behind the anterior patches of hairs there is a transverse row of four plain hairs, which are short and widely separated from one another ; there are also _ two or three rather long fine hairs on each side near the margin; posteriorly there are two more pairs of short plain new Mites living on Lizards. 137 hairs (one pair placed behind the other) ; finally, two pairs of short plumose hairs situated near the posterior margin, those of the inner pair being placed on either side of the genital aperture. On each side of the posterior margin there is a fringe of about nineteen or twenty very long hairs, which are quite fine, not being feathered or modified in any way. Venter with only four pairs of fine plain hairs, which are of moderate length. There is also a tuft of eleven very long fine hairs on each side of the genital aperture. Legs slender and of moderate length; coxz unarmed, being furnished with long fine hairs. Length of body ‘6 mm. ; its width 1:15 mm. Hab. Sixty miles north-west of Kermanshaw, Persia ; a few specimens found under the scales of the tail of Agama nupta. Pterygosoma melanus, sp. n. ¢ This species is not so wide as compared with its length as is usually the case in the genus. On each side of the® anterior end of the dorsum there is a band of short slender plumose hairs. Hairs on the rest of the dorsum very few in number and widely separated from one another ; some distance behind the anterior margin there are two pairs of racket-shaped hairs arranged so as to practically form a transverse row, and a little further back there is another pair of similar hairs. Posterior margin furnished with a fringe of about 18-22 hairs, which are rather short and paddle-shaped, the basal portion being short aud cylindrical, but the rest of the hair flattened so as to form a rather wide blade-like expansion, which is striated. Hairs on venter very few in number, a pair of short plain hairs being situated immediately behind the mouth-parts, and another pair of similar hairs in the middle of the body ; posteriorly there are two more pairs of hairs, which have the distal end plumose. Legs slender and rather short ; cox unarmed, being furnished with quite fine plain hairs. Colour (spirit-specimens) usually black, but sometimes paler. Length of body 72 mm.; its width 1:1] mm. Hab. Deelfoutein, Cape Colony ; several specimens found under axille and ventral folds of neck of Agama atra. Klipfontein, Damaraland; two specimens found on the same host. 138 Mr. S. Hirst on some Plerygosoma neumanni, Berl. Hab. Specimens from Agama coloncrum, Gooli Mountains, Somaliland. It is probable that this mite is only a variety of P. agame, Peters. GECKOBIELLA, gen. nov. Body long-oval, being much longer than wide, instead of wider than long as is the case in the genus Pterygosoma. Scutum absent. Numerous short plumose hairs are present on the dorsum and sides. Venter only furnished with very few hairs. Free portion of peritreme rather long and directed forwards. Coxe not nearly so much fused to- gether as is the case of Geckobia aud Pterygosoma, aud only furnished with fine hairs. This new genus is founded for Geckobia texrana, Banks ; as will be seen from the details given above, it is more closely allied to Pterygosoma than to Geckobia, but differs from the former in the shape of the body, which is longer than wide, instead of the reverse, and in the structure of the cox, which are only slightly fused with one another. Geckobiella texana, Banks. Hab. Duval County, Texas; two adult specimens and numerous larve found on Scelopurus spinosus, var. clarkii (=S. floridanus). Genus Grcxosia, Mégnin. Geckolia latasti, Mégn. Hah, We have specimens of this mite from Castelfusano, Ostia, and also from Lisbon and Seville. These examples were taken from between the toes of Zarentola mauritanica. Geckubia clelandi, sp. n. 9 .—Body about as wide as jong. Dorsal seutum well developed aud much wider than long ; it reaches its greatest width just before the posterior margin, being angular and salient at this pomt. The seutum is furnished with ten hairs, arranged in two transverse rows, an auterior row composed of four hairs (two being placed close together on each side) aud a posterior row of six (three on each side of the scutum) ; these hairs are similar in structure to those on the rest of the dorsal surface, and are fairly ——T) new Miles living on Lizards. 139 long. A short distance in front of the outermost hair of the hinder row there is a minute rounded structure, which possibly is an obsolete eye. Hairs on rest of dorsal surface fairly numerous, but not placed close together ; they are mostly of moderate length and are club-shaped, the distal end being enlarged and plumose. Hairs on venter numerous, but not placed close together ; most of them are much smaller than those on the dorsal surface, aud have the distal end plumose but not distinctly en- larged ; hairs at the sides and hinder end large and club- shaped, however. On each side of the vulva the integument forms a large conical process. Plumose hair on second segment of palp, slender, curved, and uot very long. Leys. Hinder legs not swollen, but they are longer than the front ones. First coxa furnished with two long fine hairs, which are not plumose. Coxe 2-4 each with two short hairs, which are plumose distally (sometimes there are three on the last coxa). There is a conspicucus club- shaped hair on the dorsal surface of the femora of the legs, and a similar but much smaller hair is present on the anterior surface of the first femur. Length of body *64 mm.; its width ‘61 mm. Colour red wheu alive (in spirit yellowish). Hab, Sydney (i. 16) and Narabeen, New South Wales (14. xi. 15); specimens from Gymnodactylus platurus forming part of Dr. J. Burton Cleland’s collection. Geckobia indica, sp. u. ? .— Body much wider than long. Scvtum transversely elongated, being very much wider than long; its posterior margin 18 divided into two rounded lobes by a distinct indentation m the middle. A minute eye is present on each side near the anterior margin. There are about 34-46 plumose hairs on the scutum, all of them being guite short, especially the posterior ones. Similar hairs are present in the middle of the dorsum. Hairs at sides and posterior end of moderate length, slender and blunt ; apparently they are not plumose. Hairs of posterior tufts of moderate length. Anterior hairs on venter very short and indistinetly plumose. Hairs on rest of lower surface long, slender and pointed. Hairs on second segment of the palp quite slender and plumose. Legs. Posterior legs Jonger than the anterior ones, but not much_ stouter. Spurs on coxz well developed, being large and stout; there is also a plumose seta on the trochanter and femur 140 Mr. S. Hirst on some of the fourth leg, but these sete are much more slender than the coxal spurs. Length of body *24 mm. ; its width 375 mm. Hab. Several specimens found under ventral scales of a gecko (Hemidactylus gleadowi) from Upper Sind. Geckobia papuana, sp. n. ? .—Body much wider than long. Dorsum furnished with numerous hairs, At the anterior end there are two groups, each consisting of six stout plumose hairs, which are not very ~ long. Behind them there are numerous very short, pointed, plumose hairs. Hairs at sides and hinder end of body of moderate length, slender, and not distinctly plumose, Hairs . of posterior tuft long. Eyes present, but very minute and inconspicuous, Hairs on venter numerous. Anteriorly there is a number of very short plumose hairs or spinules. The rest of the lower surface is densely furnished with hairs, which are shaped rather like long narrow spear-heads, being flattened dorso-ventrally and having the point long and narrow. Last pair of legs greatly swollen, the anterior pairs comparatively slender. Coxze armed with stout spurs, which are curved and plumose ; two spurs are present on the second coxa, two on the third, and three on the fourth. There is also a spur on the trochanter and femur of the fourth leg, that on the femur being placed on a large protuberance. Length of body *34 mm. ; its width *5 mm. Hab. Specimens found under ventral scales of a gecko (Gymnodactylus louisiadensis) trom German New Guinea. Geckobia malayana, sp. n. ? .—Closely allied to G. papuana, sp. n. Body much wider than long. Dorsum furnished with numerous hairs. Two groups, each consisting of five rather stout plumose hairs, which are not long, are situated at the anterior end of the body; and they are followed posteriorly at a short interval by a pair of similar hairs. Numerous very short plumose hairs, which are pointed, are present in the middle area of the dorsal surface. Hairs at sides and posterior end long, slender, and apparently not plumose. ‘There is a minute but distinct eye on the outer side of the group of stout plumose hairs. Hairs of the posterior tuft very long and slender. Venter with numerous hairs. Imme- diately behind the coxe there is a band of very short. new Mites living on Lizards. 141 pointed hairs or spinules; hairs on the remainder of the ventral surface long and very slender. Legs of fourth pair much larger and stouter than the others. There is the usual number of spurs on the legs ; the one on the femur of the last leg is not situated on a protuberance. Length of body ‘28 mm.: its width ‘49 mm. Hab. Several specimens found on geckoes (Gymnodactylus pulchellus) from the Jalor Caves, Malay Peninsula. Geckobia boulengert, sp. n. _ 9.—Body longer than wide and attaining its greatest width some distance behind the middle. Seutum distinct and almost triangular (wedge-shaped) ; the anterior margin is slightly concave and strongly salient laterally. ‘Ten plumose hairs are present on the scutum, all of them being very short and stout ; six of these hairs are situated close behind the anterior margin (almost forming a transverse line), three being placed on each side. Posteriorly there are two lateral hairs on each side, one being situated imme- diately behind the other on the margin of the scutum. A minute eye is present on each side on the salient portion of the anterior margin. Numerous short plumose hairs are present on the rest of the dorsal surface, the anterior ones being usually rather stout, blunt, and very short ; the others are more elongated, however. Hairs at the sides and hinder end of the body slender, fairly long, and blunt; apparently most of them are not feathered. Hairs of the posterior tuft long. Venter with very numerous contiguous hairs, the anterior ones being short and plumose, the others of moderate length, fine, and not feathered. Legs. Anterior _legs slender, those of the third pair considerably longer and stouter ; whilst the fourth pair are also long and are greatly swollen. Short stout spurs similar to thuse present in G. papuana ete. are present on the proximal segments of the legs. Length of body °47 mm. ; its width -43 mm. Hab. A number of examples found on a gecko (Gehyra yunnanensis) from Yunnan Fu, China. Geckobia socotrensis, sp. n. 9 .—Body wider than long. Scutwm absent. Anteriorly the dorsum is furnished with numerous very short plumose hairs, which are slender, pointed, and subequal in length, none of the anterior ones being enlarged. Hairs at sides and posterior end of body only of moderate length and 142 Mr. S. Hirst on some often sinuous ; apparently they are not plumose. Hairs on venter flattened and seale-like as in G. /oricata, Berl., but much narrower and more elongated (spindle-shaped), and sharply pointed posteriorly. Distal hair on second segment of palp short, fairly stout, and plumose. Legs. Cox furnished with the usual spurs, but they are blunt and not nearly so strong as in G. loricata; trochanters also with a short but rather stout seta. All the legs are of approximately the same thickness, the posterior ones being the longest. Length of body *3 mm, ; its width *37 mm. Hab. A few specimens found under axille of a gecko (Pristurus rupestris) from Jena-Agahan, Socuotra, Geckohia loricata, Berl. Hab. I have examined specimens of this species found under the ventral scales of specimens of Tarentola maure- tanica from Lisbon and also from the Riviera. Geckobia australis, sp. 0. ? —Body wider than long. Scutum absent. Hairs on the anterior two-thirds of the dorsum much more uniform both in size and distribution than in G. loricata, Berl., none of the front ones being enlarged, all being very short. Posterior hairs on dorsum of moderate length and sometimes plumose, but the feathering is rather difficult to see. Ventral hairs flattened and scale-like, most of them being spindle- shaped and pointed posteriorly ; the posterior ones are more elongated, however. The hair on the dorsal surface of the palp is stout and plumose. Posterior /egs longer and stouter than the anterior pairs, those of the fourth pair being con- siderably swollen. Coxal spurs large and curved ; there is also a plumose seta on the posterior trochanters and on the femur of the fourth leg. Length of body ‘36 mm. ; its width 425 mm. Hab. Several specimens found under ventral scales of a gecko (/ygodactylus capensis), from Beira, Portuguese East Africa. Genus PimeviaPuHivs, Tragardh. Pimeliaphilus tenuipes, sp. n. ? — Body oval, being much longer than wide. Scutum triangular, the anterior margin almost straight, being very slightly concave in the middle; the posterior end bluntly new Mites living on Lizards. 143 pointed ; the scutum is furnished with six plumose hairs, a transverse row of four hairs being situated on the anterior margin ; the other two a little behind the middle of its length ; these hairs are quite long, being slightly longer than the scutum. Arrangement of hairs on dorsum the same as in P. podapolipophagus, Trigardh, and P. insignis, Berl. First of all, there is an outer hair on each side situated on the same platelet as the eye, tiie latter being placed in front of the hair. There are also four longitudinal rows of slender plumose hairs, the outer rows each consisting of two long hairs and a shorter posterior hair, the inner rows each of three long hairs. On each side of the genital opening there are two hairs of moderate length and also an inner border of three short hairs. All these hairs on the dorsal surface are slender and plumose, and their sockets are not enlarged. Hairs on venter few in number; there is a pair of short fine hairs between the last cox, followed posteriorly by three pairs of plumose hairs. Integumeut marked with a sculpturing of very fine wavy lines as in P. podapolipophagus, Projecting portion of peritreme short. Chelicera shaped very like that of the species of Geckobia, the basal part being short, compact, well defined, and strongly convex dorsally; the rest of the chelicera forming a long slender style, which, apparently, is not bifid at the end as in the two known species of Pimeliaphilus, but eids in a single minute tooth or claw, which is slightly curved. Palp short: the basal segment is salient laterally and has a sharp prominent transverse ridge on its dorsal surface ; second segment dorsally with a long slender plumose hair; the next two segments each with a shorter hair, which is very fiue and apparently not plumose. Legs long and slender, and furnished with numerous fine plumose hairs. With the exception of the last, each of the cox has a pair of short hairs, the inner hair being fine and not plumose, the outer stouter and apparently plumose. There is also a forwardly directed plumose hair on the anterior surface of the third coxa. Length of body °274 mm.; its width °22 mm. Colour (in spirit). Body red, but whitish anteriorly and marked with a pale central line both above and below. appendages pale. Hab. A single example found on a gecko (Gonatodes allbogularis), from Honda, Magdalene River, Colombia. 144 Mr. S. Maulik on Cassidine and Bruchide from IX.—Cassidine and Bruchide [Coleoptera] from the Sey- chelles Islands and Aldabra. By 8S. Mavutrn, B.A. (Cantab.). Tuts paper deals with the material of these groups obtained by the Perey Sladen Trust Expedition, in 1908-9, in the Seychelles Islands and Aldabra. Many of the results of this expedition have been published in special volumes of the Linnean Society’s ‘Transactions’ (ser. 2, Zool. vols. xii.-xvii.), in which series the writer of the present paper has already reported on the Hispine of the Seychelles (vol. xvi. pp. 237-242, 1913). Chrysomelidz. CAsSIDIN &. This subfamily is represented by two species—Hoplionota lila, sp. n., and Aspidomorpha apicalis, Klug. The former is allied to certain Madagascar species, the latter is known from Madagascar and Africa. The only member of the group previously recorded from the Seychelles was Copto- cycla leopardina, Boheman, known also from Madagascar and the Comoro Islands; but this was not obtained by the Percy Sladen Trust Expedition. Horrionors, Hope. 1. Hoplionota lila*, sp. n. Quadrate, slightly narrowed behind; as seen in profile very convex behind the middle, from the highest point of the convexity a gentle slope towards the head and a sudden decline towards the posterior extremity ; subnitid. Head, antenne, prothorax with its lateral expansions, scu- tellum, the elytral expansions, and the underside orange-red. Eyes black. Basal half of elytra green, without coste, apical half dark red. Elytra without spines or tubercles. Length 5 mm. ; greatest breadth 45 mm. Head not completely concealed under the pronotum, dorsal surface slightly depressed between the eyes; viewed dorsally the vertex is bilobed and slightly projecting; the antenne are situated under the lobes. Eyes oblong-ovate. Antenne: joint 1 elongate and distally thickened, joint 2 * A Sanskrit word, used with reference to the green colour cf the elytra. ) the Seychelles Islands and Aldabra. 145 small and rounded, joints 3-6 elongate and more slender, joints 7-11 form a dilated club which is covered with brownish pubescence. Pronotum twice as broad as long, front margin more or less serrated, lateral margins rounded ; surface of disc uneven, impunctate ; the lateral expansions with large and deep punctures, the centres of which are more or less hyaline. Scufel/um triangular ; apex rounded. Elytra: basal portion green, deeply and closely punctate, centres of punctures red; the green portion of each elytron is separated from the apical red portion by an oblique costa, one end of which terminates in a swelling at the middle of the lateral expansion, the other end joining with an irreguiarly-brauched costa on the apical] red portion of the elytron ; costz shining ; the apical red portion of the elytra Hoplionota lila, sp. n. has the suture raised and is deeply and closely punctate ; elytral expansions sparsely and deeply punctate, centres of the punctures more or less hyaline. Loc. Seychelles: Mahé; Cascade Estate, ca. 800 ft., 1909 (H. P. Thomasset). Type in the British Museum: described from one example. H. lila is related to H. thiemi, Weise, H. guerini, Weise, and H. marginata, Bob., from Madagascar. All of these are without elytral spines or tubercles, and also have the basal portion of the elytra without any pronounced costa. H. lila differs from all the others by (1) the orange-red colour of the prothorax, scutellum, &c., (2) its larger size, (3) the proportionately greater length of the antennee, (4) the Ann. & Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 8. Vol, xix. 10 146 Mr. S. Maulik on Cassidinee and Bruchide. greater sloping of the elytra from the highest convex point, (5) the more pronounced character of the costze on the apical portion of the elytra. Aspipomorpua, Hope. 2. Aspidomorpha apicalis (Klug). Cassida apicalis, Klug, Ins. Madag. 1833, p. 122; Boheman, Mon. Cassid. 11. 1854, p. 257. Cassida decolorata, Boheman, Cat. Brit. Mus. ix. 1856, p. 144; id. Mon. Cassid. iv. 1862, p. 347. Cassida subeurop@a, Thomson; Weise, Deutsche Ent. Zeitschr. 1896, p- 19; Kolbe, Abh. Senckenb. Naturf. Ges. xxvi. 1902, p. 584. Var. lutea, Fairm., Bull. Soc. Ent. France, 1896, p. 223; Weise, in Voeltzkow, Reise in Ost- Afrika, ii. 1910, p. 504. Loc. Seychelles: Mahé; Cascade Estate, ca. 1000 ft., i.-li.1909. Aldabra (teste Fairmaire and Kolbe). Known also from Madagascar and widely spread in Africa. The specimens from Mahé are all from cultivated land. Several were found, together with a larva and a pupa, on the leaves of sweet potatoes (Lpomea batatas) in Jan. 1909. After death most dried examples fade from green to a uniform light yellow. Cortocycia, Chevrolat. 3. Coptocycla leopardina, Boheman. Coptocycla leopardina, Boheman, Mon. Cassid. iii. 1855, p. 255; id. Cat. Brit. Mus. 1856, p. 175; Fairmaire, Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg. xxxvii. 1893, p. 525; Alluand, Cat. Col. Région Malgache, 1900, p. 333, Not obtained by the Percy Sladen Trust Expedition. Toc. Seychelles (teste Fairmaire, /. c.). Madagascar, Comoros. Bruchide. Apparently no member of this family has been recorded hitherto from any of the islands under review. Two species were collected by the Expedition—one in Seychelles, the other in Aldabra. According to Pic’s ‘Catalogue of Bru- chide’ (1913), both are Oriental. Pacuymenrvs, Thunberg. Caryoborus, Schonherr. 4. Pachymerus gonager (Fabr.). Loc. Seychelles: Mahé, two specimens from Port Vic- toria, xii. 1908. East Indies (Pic, Catalogue, p. 7). The “+ ‘Mr. R. E. Turner on Fossorial Hymenoptera. 147 British Museum contajns specimens from Bombay, South India, Ceylon, and Java. Lefroy (‘Indian Insect-Life,’ p- 351) states that this insect is common in India, the larva living in the seeds, and the adult eating the leaves, of the tamarind: he refers also to the description of the life- history by Elditt (1860), who reared the beetle from pods of Cassia. SPERMOPHAGUS, Schédnherr. 5. Spermophagus convolvuli (Thunberg). Loc. Aldabra, xi. 1908 (Fryer), sixteen specimens, seven of which are stated to have been bred from fruits of Evolvulus alsinoides, Linn. Pic’s Catalogue (p.59) records the species from Ceylon, South Russia (introduced), and doubtfully from South Africa. X.— Notes on Fossorial Hymenoptera.— XXVI. On the Genus Homonotus, Dahlb. By RowLanpb KE. Turner, iE .2Z.5., PES. Family Psammocharide. Genus Homonorus, Dahilb. Homonotus, Dahlb. Hymen. Europ. i. p. 35 (1845) (nec p. 441, 1845). Wesmaelinius, Costa, Prosp. Imen. Ital. ii. p. 46 (1887). Hemisalius, Saussure, Grandidier, Hist. Madagascar, xx. p. 315 (1892). This genus is poor in species, but has a wide range in thie Old World, though apparently absent from Americar.” It may be distinguished by the convex head, strongly hollowed behind ; the clypeus prolonged and covering the mandibles ; the long and somewhat flattened median segment, emarginate at the apex and with the apical angles produced into stout spine-like processes ; by the bifid tarsal ungues ; and by the cubitus of the hind wing originating beyond the transverse median nervure. Second and third joints of the flagellum subequal, short. The neuration of the fore wing in the genus is variable, both in the proportion of the second and third cubital cells and in the length of the submedian cell, but the first recurrent nervure is received before the middle of the second cubital cell. As in many genera of the family there is a group of identical stfucture with only two cubital cells, the second transverse cubital nervure being absent. The species I have not seen are marked *. oe 148 Mr, R. E. Turner on Fossorial Hymenoptera. Homonotus sanguinolentus, Fabr. Sphex sanguinolenta, Fabr. Entom., Syst. ii. p. 211 (1798). Salius dorsalis, Sm. Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (4) xii. p. 255 (1878). 9. This is the type of the genus and occurs throughout Europe, also ranging as far as Eastern Siberia. Though the thorax and median segment are usually red in the female, much variation exists in this respect, the female sometimes having the thorax and median segment wholly black. Homonotus ariadne, Cam. Pompilus (Ferreola) ariadne, Cam. Mem. Manchester Lit. & Phil. Soe. (4) iv. p. 462 (1891). Hab. N.K. India; 8. India; Ceylon; Tenasserim, * Homonotus albistylus, Sauss. Hemisalius aibistylus, Saussure, Grandidier, Hist. Madagascar, xx. p. 315 (1892). Q. Fab. Madagascar. Evidently very closely allied to ariadne, having the same nervure at the base of the first cubital cell. Homonotus exulans, Turn. Pedinaspis exulans, Turn. Proc. Zool. Soc, London, p. 838 (1910). 9. I doubt if this is more than a geographical race of the Indian Homonotus ariadne, Cam., but the spines at the apical angles of the median segment are distinctly longer and more acute in Australian specimens, Hab. Mackay and Kuranda, Queensland; February to June. Flomonotus nudiventris, Turn. Pedinaspis nudiventris, Turn, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, p. 339 (1910). 9. This differs from eaulans in the colour of the wings and nervures, and in the much shorter aud blunter spines at the apical angles of the median segment. Both species and also H. ariadne, Cam., have the submedian cell of the fore wing as long as the median, not a little shorter as in the European H. sanguinolentus, Fabr. The first cubital cell is also pointed at the base, projecting towards the base of the wing a little beyond the basal nervure, in this also differing from sanguinolentus. Hab. Mackay, Queensland ; October, This may prove to be a seasonal form of erulans, Mr. R. E. Turner on Fossortal Hymenoptera. 149 Tlomonotus egyptiacus, Rad. Wesmaelinius egyptiacus, Rad. Bull. Soc. Natural, Moscou, p. 475 (1888). ¢. A male in the British Museum from Uganda answers well to the description, but has the greater part of the femora, as weli as the tibize and tarsi, ferruginous; the apex of thie abdomen is red from the middle of the third segment. With this I associate a female from North Riodesia in which the legs are black, the calcaria whitish, and the abdomen red from the base of the third segment. The submedian cell in this species is slightly longer than the median. Hab. Mt. Kokanjero, S.W. of Elgon, 6000 ft., Uganda (S. A. Neave), August; 70 miles west of Kariba Gorge, N. Rhodesia (Szlverlock), June. I assume that this is the species described by Radosz- kowski, being the only species of the genus with similar colouring known to me. 1 have, however, seen a species more nearly allied to Planiceps in which the three apical segments of the abdomen are red in the female ; but this has a short clypeus and the tarsal ungues are bidentate near the base, and [ do not think it can have been mistaken for a Homonotus. It was taken at Harar. Homonotus nurse7, sp. n. 2. Nigra; mandibulis fusco-ferrugineis; antennis fuscis, subtus fusco-testaceis ; clypeo apice, tegulisque testaceis ; pedibus fuscis ; tarsis pallide ferrugineis, articulo’ basali basi, calcaribusque albidis ; alis hyalinis, venis basi testaceis, apice fuscis. Long. 4-6 mm, ?. Clypeus produced over the mandibles, very broadly rounded at the apex ; second and third joints of the flagellum subequal. Front strongly convex, temples very narrow, the eyes nearly reaching the hind margin of the head. Posterior ocelli very far apart, about four times as far from each other as from the eyes. Pronotum scarcely longer than the meso- notum, much broader than long, narrowed anteriorly. Median segment emarginate posteriorly, the apical angles produced into stout and rather blunt spines. First and second ab ic- minal segments about equal in length, the basal halt of the second dorsal segment rather thinly covered with very short grey pubescence. The longest calear of the hind and inter- mediate tibia a little longer than the basal joint of the tarsi. First cubital cell narrowly rounded at the base; submedian cell a little shorter than the median; third abscissa of the radius longer than the second; first recurrent nervure 150 My. R. E. Turner on Fossorial Hymenoptera. received at about one-third from the base of the second cubital cell, second just before the middle of the third cubital cell. Cubitus of the hind wing originating beyond the trans- verse median nervure. Hab. Deesa, W. India (Nurse) ; April. This is a smaller species than albocalcaratus, Rad., and has the third cubital cell longer than the second, not shorter as in that species ; the colour of the antennz and tarsi is also different. FHomonotus albocalcaratus, Rad. Wesmaclinius albocalearatus, Rad. Bull. Soc. Natural. Moscou, p. 472 (1888). 9 dg. A single male in the British Museum from Karachi (Comber) corresponds fairly well with the description, but the wings are. hyaline, not infuscate, and the clypeus is broadly rounded at the apex, not subemarginate ; but I am inclined to look on the latter as a sexual difference. Hab, Orenburg ; Caucasus ; Siberia. * Homonotus caucasicus, Rad. Wesmaelinius caucasicus, Rad. Bull. Soc. Natural. Moscou, p.472 (1888). 9 Hab. Caucasus. * Flomonotus transcaspicus, Rad. Wesmaelinius transcaspicus, Rad. Hore Soc. Ent. Ross, xxvii. p, 60 (1893). 9. Hab. Merv. * Flomonotus steini, Schulz. Homonotus affinis, Stein, Berlin, ent. Zeit. iii. p, 68 (1869) (nec Pom-~ puus affinis, Ey.= H. sanguinolentus, Fab.). Pompilus steini, Schulz, Spolia Hymen. p. 168 (1906), Hab. 8.E. Hungary. Doubtfully distinct trom sanguinolentus. * Homonotus costa, 'Vourn. Wesmaelinus coste, Tourn. Entom. Genev. i. p. 156 (1889). 9 g, Pompilus wettsteini, D, T., Cat. Hym. viii. p. 3836 (1897). Hab. Sicily. Subgenus GILBERTELLA, nov. Differs from F/omonotus in having only two cubital cells, tlie second transverse cubital nervure being absent. ‘Type of the subgenus, Planiceps umbraticus, Turn. Mr. R. E. Turner on Fossorial Hymenoptera. 151 Homonotus ( Gilbertella) umbraticus, Turn. Planiceps umbraticys, Turn. Proc. Zool. Soc. London, p. 887 (1910). 2. The second cubital cell is very long, receiving the re- current nervures near the base and near tle apex. As in other Australian species of Hlomonotus, the base of thie first cubital cell emits the stump of a nervure into the median cell. The submedian cell is a little shorter than the median. Calcaria of the intermediate and hind tibiee very long, slightly exceeding in length the basal joint of the tarsi. Hab. Mackay, Queensland; January and February. Homonotus (Gilbertella) disparilis, sp. n. g. Niger; antennis subtus, tibiis anticis intermediisque subtus, tarsisque fusco-ferrugineis ; calcaribus albidis; alis fusco- hyalinis, venis nigris. Long. 5 mm. g. Clypeus very broadly rounded at the apex, covering the mandibles ; second and third joints of the flagellum sub- equal; front shining, moderately convex. Posterior ocelli about twice as far from each other as from tlie eyes ; temples very narrow. Pronotum narrowed anteriorly, scarcely as long as the mesonotum ; median segment a little longer than broad, emarginate at the apex, the apical angles produced into long stout spines. Second abdominal segment a little longer than the first; the two apical ventral segments strongly compressed laterally. The longest calear of the hind and intermediate tibie not quite as long as the basal joint of the tarsus; hind tibia moderately spinose ; tarsal ungues rather feebly bifid near the apex. ‘Two cubital cells; the second abscissa of the radius twice as long as the first; the recurrent nervures received at one-quarter from the base and at one-quarter from the apex of the second cubital cell ; second transverse cubital nervure received just before the middle of the radius. Submedian cell distinctly longer than the median; cubitus of the hind wing originating far beyond the transverse cubital nervure. Hab. Mianje, Nyasaland (S.A. Neave) ; May. _ The second cubital cell is much shorter than in umbraticus and the recurrent nervures are received much nearer together. In umbraticus the second transverse cubital nervure is received just before two-thirds from the base of the radius. The spines at the apical angles of the median segment are longer in this species than in any other kuown to me. 152 Mr, O. Thomas on XI.—Notes on the Species of the Genus Cavia. By OLprieLp THOMAS. (Published by permission of the Trustees of the British Museum.) THE genus Cavia ranges from Venezuela and Guiana in the north of South America to the pampas of Buenos Ayres in the south, and extends across the whole breadth of the continent, from Peru to Pernambuco. Any examination of the species that exist in this area, and their correct names, has been rendered very difficult by the occurrence of such widely different specimens in the same areas, on which account I have long hesitated to attempt to work out this puzzling group. Definite cranial characters seemed almost non-existent, and one appeared to be reduced to distinguishing the local forms purely by average differ- ences of size and shades of colour in a group where there is not a great range in either, On taking up the subject afresh, however, I find that one character, observed by Lund in 1838, but overlooked ever since, definitely and sharply separates the smaller Brazilian species from the larger ; and then, these smaller forms being Jaid on one side, the whole problem immediately becomes simplified. This character is the possession by Cavia fulgida, the smaller Brazilian cavy, of a deep outer re-entrant angle or notch at the front end of the posterior lobe of 3 *, this ‘angle being quite shallow in the larger forms. This noteh i 1s SO deep ~and well defined that there is practically never any case where one is doubtful as to the allocation of an individual skull. When writing about the group in 1901 fT, I recognized Cavia fulgida (ander the name of rufescens) by its smnaller size, but, not knowing of the tooth- character, I erroneously made the small Argentine “ quiso” a subspecies of it. Now, however, it is evident that there is no special relationship between the two. Taking first the ordinary species without the extra molar notch, and going from north to south on the Eastern non- Andean part of the continent, we have in Guiana * Figured by Lund, K. Dansk. Vid. Selsk. viii. pl. xxv. fig. 15, + Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) viii. pp. 532-534 (1901), the Species of the Genus Cavia, 153 Cavia guiane, Thos. C. porcellus guiane, Thos. Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) vili. p. 162 (1901) ; and in Venezuela “ Cavia porcellus venezueie,” All. Bull. Am. Mus. xxx. p. 250 (1911), whose distinction from guiane appears most doubtful. As regards guime, the original statements about its characters were largely influenced by the fact that at that date the few available Brazilian specimens included both aperea and what we now know to be the quite distinct species fulgida. Asa matter of fact, gudane lias practically the same colour as the real aperea, but is distinguished by its smaller size, the largest of three full-grown shells ouly measuring 63 mm. in length *, with length of bullaf 11°83 mm. and upper tooth-row 14. The skull is pro- portionately rather broadly built, with unusually developed postorbitai projecting ledges. Specimens are in the British Museum from the Kanuku Mountains, Berbice, and the Moon Mountains, all in British Guiana. Putting aside the Cavia porcellus of Linnens, based on the Cavia cobeya of Marcgrave, the domesticated euinea- pig, to which the name should be restricted, we next have Cavia aperea, Erxl. Caria aperea, Erxl, Mamm. p. 348 (1777) (based on the “ Aperea”’ of Marcgrave, Bras. p. 223, 1648). Anema hitaria, Geoff. N. H. Mamm. (fol.) ii. text to pl. 282 (1820). Cavia leucopyga, Brandt, Mem. Ac. Petersb. 1855, p. 436, pl. xvi. Size largest of the genus. General colour grizzled brownish grey, not the clearer or more olivaceous grey of the Argentine forms. Below dull whitish or drabby whitish, a clear white spot generally present on the middle line of the chest just behind the brown collar. The largest of the available skulls measures no less tlan 73 mm. in total length, while the average of half a dozen from Minas Geraes and Sao Paulo is 68°7 mm. in total length, bulla: 11°9, tooth-row 15°5. ‘lhe hind foot in adults varies from 45 to 50 mm. * The skull-length is here always taken from the tip of the nasals, and may sometimes be slightly exceeded by a slanting length from occipital to gnathion. t Measured from the notch in front of the paroccipital process directly forwards, parallel with the axis of the skull, not to the antero-internal angle, which ends in an irregular point. 154 Mr, O. Thomas on Range from Pernambuco to Sio Paulo; inland to Minas Geraes. Specimens in Museum from Bahia (Zoological Soctety) ; Rio Jordao, Minas Geraes (Robert); Alambary and Ypanema, Sao Paulo (Robert) ; and eae Siio Paulo. (Hempe’). Recorded by Lund from Lagoa Santa. The Paraguayan cavy is so similar to C. aperea that I should probably not have distinguished it, but, as it has a name, it may provisionally stand as Cavia aperea azare. Cavia azarae, Wagn., Schr. Saiug., Supp. iv. p. 63, footnote (1843). Colour, as represented by fresh skins, very much as in true aperea or rather more olivaceous; size averaging slightly less, though individual specimens overlap. Averages of four skulls in greatest length 65°38 mm.; bulla 12°4; tooth-row 14:9. The bulle would, therefore, appear to be rather larger, but the number of specimens is not enough to indicate this with certainty. Hab, Paraguay. Several specimens from Sapucay (W. Foster). Next southwards from C. aperea, in the province of Parana, a special form was discovered by M. Robert, which may be described as follows :— - Cavia rosida, sp. 0. Size less than in C. aperea, greatest length of skull about 62 mm. General colour saturate, comparatively dark, nearly as much so as in C, fulvida. Upper surface grizzled * mummy-brown ” ; median area of back heavily blackened with long blackish piles, especially posteriorly, the middle of the lumbar region being nearly black. ~ he blackening is, however, variable and “occasionally almost absent. Under surface dull cinnamon-buff, the hairs pale grey basally ; usual throat-markings scarcely distinguishable, the inter- ramia buffy, the usual dark collar overlaid with dull buffy, and the white chest-patch either absent or reduced to a small spot. Inner side of limbs like belly. Skull, as compared with that of C. aperea, smaller and with conspicuously shorter and slenderer muzzle—in fact, the skull, apart from the muzzle, is scarcely or not smaller than that of aperea, thie differ ence in the whole length being almost entirely due to the reduction of the rostrum. Post orbital projections not heavily developed. Bulle fairly large. Dimensions of the type :— Head and body 395 mm.; hind foot 463 ear 20. de te the Species of the Genus Cavia. 155 Skull: greatest upper length 62; condylo-incisive length 58; zygomatic breadth 35; nasals 19°7 x 8°5 ; interorbital breadth 12°6; breadth of parietals across brain-case 24°5 ; diastema 17°4; bulla 12°2x9°3; upper tooth-series 14°6. Hab. Serra do Mar, Eastern Parana. Type from Roga Nova. Alt. 1000 m. Type. Adult female. B.M. no. 3.7.1.96. Original number 831. Collected 6th September, 1901, by Alphonse Robert. Six specimens. This cavy of the Serra do Mar is readily distinguishable from C. aperea by its dark colour, blackish back, buffy belly, reduced chest-markings, and by the short and slender muzzle of its skull. In the lowlands of the same region, at Morretes (10 m.), M. Robert found a representative of the C. fu'gida group. Next comes the well-known quiso of the Argentine and Uruguay :— Cavia pamparum, Thos. _. Cavia rufescens pamparum, Thos, Ann, & Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) viii. p. 538 (1901). Allied to C. aperea, but smaller; the skull usually about 62-63 mm. in length when adult. Colour as in aperea, but distinctly more greyish or olivaceous, less brown. Under surface whitish or slightly drabby, the chest-pattern well marked. Skull shaped as in aperea, but smaller ; the muzzle of the same general proportion, not reduced asin C. rosida. _ Range from Corrientes and Uruguay southwards to Southern Buenos Ayres. Specimens in Museum from “20 miles north of Corrientes” (Zurner Henderson); Goya, Corrientes (2. Perrens); Maldonado (Darwin); La Plata (Thomas) ; Los Yugleses, Ajé, Buenos Ayres (EF. Gibson) ; and Bonifacio, S.W. Buenos Ayres (2. Kemp). All the specimens from the above considerable range agree very closely with each other in size and coleur, no geogra- phical variation being observable. ‘Two of Mr. Gibson’s Ajé specimens, however, out of seven are abnormally larger than tle others, with decidedly larger skulls; but these appear more or less diseased, and it is possible that they represent an infusion of domestic guinea-pig blood, although there is no colour indication of this. The other specimens of the same Jot are quite like the ordinary quiso. The size of the bulla is a little variable, two of the Bonifacio series having this 121 aud 11 mm. in length, that of the type being 11-7. 156 Mr. O. Thomas on Passing now to the cavies of the Andean conntries, Peru and Bolivia, we have first to identify Cavia cutler’, Bennett, the earliest name connected with that region. The type-specimen, with imperfect skull, is in the British Museum—ao. 53. 8. 29. 2,—and I have carefully examined it and compared it with the other material in’ the collection. It is a melano, and on this account its colour has never been able to be used for purposes of identification, while, although called a “ Peruvian cavy,” its original locality has always been doubtful. The conclusion I come to is that it isa domesticated guinea- pig— Cavia porcellus, L., e for any Peruvian wild species, while it is closely matched es examples of C. porce'lus, among which, of course, black specimens are by no means infrequent. With this troublesome name removed, the ordinary Peruvian cavy should bear the name of Cavia tschudii, Fitz. Cavia cutleri, Tschudi, Fauna Peruana, p. 195 (1845). Cavia tschudit, Fitzinger, SB. Ak. Wien, lvi. pt. i. p. 154 (98 in sepa- rates) (1867). with type-locality I¢a, on the coast, where Tschudi saw the specimens he described. ‘Lhe species is comparatively small, the skull about 58 to’ 62 mm. in length, and with small bulle. In colour it is coarsely grizzled cinnamon, buffy or greyish, and the under- side varies from strongly buffy to nearly white. These variations appear to indicate four subspecies, as follows :— Cavia tschudti atahualpe, Osgood. Cavia atahualpe, Osgood, Fieid Mus. Publ. x. p. 98 (1913). Size fairly large, the bulle larger than in the more southern forms. Colour dark, ‘ evenly grizzled cinnamon and blackish, the bases of the hairs dark drab followed by two or more annulations of cinnamon and blackish’; back, and especially rump, with numerous longer black hairs ; under surface more or less cinnamon or buffy. Length of type- skull 60 mm. Hab. N. Peru: Cajamarca. No Peruvian cavies that I have seen have more than one light annulation on the hairs; but, even if there is no mistake in the observation, I should not consider it sufficient reason a. 7.» Loe a PAP neal: the Species of the Genus Cavia. 157 to distinguish the North-Peruvian cavy specifically from C. tschudii, in view of its general agreement in size and other characters. Cavia tschudii umbrata, subsp. n. Size as in atahualpe. Colour greyer throughout, the light rings on the hairs whitish instead of cinnamon or buffy. Median area of back blackish, the darkening being effected not by overlaying with long black hairs, as in atahualpe and rosida, but by the reduction of the light rings on the hairs, these being often barely 1 mm. in length, while those in the other subspecies are about 2-4 mm. as is usual. Bases of hairs pale slaty. Under surface soiled drabby, the belly and submaxillary lines of this colour ; collar and middle line of chin greyish brown. Hands and feet pale brown, lighter on digits. Skull of average proportions, the bulle longer than in the two following subspecies. Dimensions of the type :— Hind foot 42 mm. ; ear 20. Skull: greatest length 60; condylo-incisive length 58 ; greatest breadth 57°7; nasals 20°58; diastema 18:2; bulla 11°8x 95 upper tooth-series 13, Hab, Junin, Central Peru, Type from Incapirca, Zezioro. “Type. Adult female. B.M. no. 94. §. 6.23. Collected 20th June, 1890, by J. Kalinowski, This Junin subspecies agrees with atahualpe by its darkened back, rather larger size, and larger bulls, as com- pared with the two more southern forms that follow. From atahualpe it differs in general colour very much as pam- parum differs from aperea, and also in the details of the dorsal daikening. Cavia tschudii tschudii, Fitz. General colour fairly dark, strongly grizzled, the light rings on the hairs buffy or cinnamon. Under surface move or less strongly buffy. Median area of back not darkened. Skull-length about 59-61 mm. ; bulle rather smaller than in the previous subspecies, 10°1-10°9 mm. in length. Range. Middle Peru, from Iga to Cuzco. The type-locality is Iga, and a specimen from Tambo, on the coast opposite Arequipa, agrees so precisely with the description as to be undoubtedly the same form. Four specimens from Urubamba, Cuzco, collected by O. Garlepp, agree absolutely with that from Tambo, while three from La Raya Pass, collected recently by K. Heller, are rather 158 ~ “Mr. O2 Thomas on greyer and more or less intermediate between this subspecies: and the next; they are, however, all immature. raga Cavia tschudit pallidior, subsp. n. Similar in general characters to tschudii, but colour much lighter, the pale rings on the hairs a paler buffy, and the under surface a pale creamy buff approaching whitish. Collar a paler grey. Hands and feet buffy whitish, a little browner proximally. Skull as in tschudit. Dimensions of the type (measured in flesh) :— Head and body 242 mm. ; hind foot 24; ear 29. Skull: greatest length 59°5 ; condylo-incisive length 54; zygomatic breadth 33°5; nasals 20°3 x 8:7 ; diastema 16°6 ; bulla 10°2 x8; upper tooth-row 14. Hab. Arequipa. Type from 2500 m. Type. Adult male. B.M. no. 0. 10. 1. 85. Original num- ber 1023. Collected 31st May, 1900, by P. O. Simons, Presented by Oldfield Thomas. Six specimens, Distinguished from tschudit by its lighter coloration throughout. Cavia nana, sp. n. A pigmy cavy, conspicuously smaller than any other species of the group. Size very small, skull-length only about 52 mm. Colour about as in C. tschudit pallidior, the light rings on the hairs buffy or pale cinnamon; no darkening along the median area of the back. Under surface creamy whitish, the grey collar well marked. Hands and feet pale brown. Skull about as in C. tschudii, but conspicuously smaller. Bulle especially small. Dimensions of the type (measured in flesh):— _ Head and body 215 mm.; hind foot 38 ; ear 23. Skull: greatest upper length 52; condylo-incisive length 47; greatest breadth 29°5; nasals 17°5x 7-5; interorbital breadth 10°5; breadth of brain-case 22; diastema 13-7; bulla 9°5.X 7°53 upper molar series, crowns 11°8, alveoli 12°5. Hab. Highlands of Bolivia. Type from Chulumani, Yungas, 2000 m, Another specimen from tlie Desaguadero River (J. B, Pentland). Type. Adult female. B.M.no.1.6.7.59. Original num- ber 1363. Collected 16th February, 1901, by Perry O. Simons. Presented by Oldfield Thomas. Four specimens in all. : aoe ie az P* ° - the Species of the Genus Cavia. 159 This remarkable little cavy furnishes a good example of the difficulty of distinguishing young specimens from old in this group ; for, in spite of the fairly close survey of the collection always kept up, no one has previously noted that Mr. Pentland’s specimen, received sixty-six years ago, 1s fully adult, and it is only on the general examination of the group now made that I have found this out, and am able to ' give Mr..Pentland the credit for a very interesting discovery. ‘The first scientific explorer of the Titicaca plateau, he sent home quite a number of interesting specimens, but, of course, had not been instructed as to the proper preservation of data. On this -account I have chosen-one-of Mr. Simons’s three specimens as the type. These were erroneously called C. aperea in my accouut of the latter’s Bolivian collection. In proof that the specimens are full grown, I may note that the type has its basilar suture closed, while Mr. Pent- Jand’s specimen has already the tell-tale sagittal crest charac- teristic of old individuals. Lastly, we have the Brazilian species with the deep notch on the outer side of m3 already referred to. There appears to be only one species of this group, whose name and characters are as follows :— Cavia fulgida, Wagler. Cavia fulgida, Wagler, Isis, xxiv. p. 512 (1831) ; Wagn., Schr. Saug., Supp. iv. p. 59 (1843) (vedescription of type). Cavia rufescens, Lund, K. Dansk. Vid. Selsk. viii. p. 282 (1841). Cavia nigricans and ‘‘ Kerodon obscurus, Licht.,” Wagn., Schr. Saug., Supp. iy. p. 64 (1848), Size comparatively small, greatest skull-length rarely attaining 60 mm. Colour rich dark grizzled brown ; under surface deep buffy or ochraceous, dulled by the greyish bases of the hairs showing through to a variable extent. Last upper molar with a deep indentation on its outer side at the anterior end of the posterior lobe. Range from Lagoa Santa, Minas Geraes, to Santa Cathe- rina ; type said to have been obtained on the “ Amazonian” journey of Spix *, but the species is not known to occur on the Amazon. * Spix’s other explorations were mostly in the region inhabited by the species I now call C. fulgida, and some error probably crept in as to the particular trip on which it was collected. Or, with the loose geography of the time, all his Brazilian journeyings may have been spoken of as “ Amazonian.” Wagner expressed certainty as to the identity of fudgida and rufescens, and there appears to me no doubt about it. 160 Bibliographical Notice. Specimens in Museum from Minas Geraes (Zool. Soc. Museum); Engenheiro Reeve, Espiritu Santo (A. Robert) ; Rio Janeiro (Cupt. Milner and L. Hurdy du Dreneuf) ; Cruzeiro and Piqneté, Sao Paulo (Jobert) ; Moretes, Pavahin (Robert) ; Humboldt (Lhrhardt) and Joinville (Behr), Santa Catherina. A very distinct species, readily recognizable by its peculiar m®, In colour it is not unlike Cavia rosida, but has not the special darkening on the back. BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTICE, Africtn Freshwater Fishes. Witu the completion of vol. iv. of the ‘Catalogue of Freshwater Fishes of Africa’ (London, the Trustees of the British Museum, 1916) Mr. G. A, Boulenger has earned the gratitude, not merely of students of African fishes or of ichthyologists in general, but of all who are concerned with the problems of geographical distribution. In these four volumes Mr. Boulenger has described the largest collection of freshwater fishes ever brought together from one area in any part of the world, comprising as it ; does over 15,000 specimens now in the British Museum and an almost equal ‘number in the museums of the Nile Survey, the Congo (Tervueren), 8. Africa, Paris, and Luxemburg. How immensely our knowledge of the freshwater fishes of Africa has grown during the last thirty years or so may be gathered from the fact that in 1880 only 255 species were known. ‘Ten years ago this number had increased to 974. In the present catalogue no less than 1425 species are described, and this increase is largely due to the zeal and enthusiasm of the author of this catalogue, of which he may well be proud. Though it would materially have increased the bulk of these volumes, we venture to think that their value would have been immensely increased by the addition of internal anatomical characters—or, at any rate, of skeletal characters—and field-notes contributed by the collectors. But there were probably good reasons for reducing the work to the smallest possible dimensions. Happily it is well illustrated and has a good index, THE ANNALS MAGAZINE OF NATURAL HISTORY. (EIGHTH SERIES.] No. 110. FEBRUARY 1917. XII. — Coleoptera, Heteromera (excluding pea) from the Seychelles Islands and Aldabra*. By Guorce Cuarves Cuampion, F.Z.S. [Plate VI.] Tue material reported upon in the present paper forms part of the collections made by the Percy Sladen Trust Expedi- tions of 1905 and 1908-9 in the Seychelles and other islands of the Western Indian Ocean*. The twenty-six species of Heteromerous Coleoptera enumerated belong to eight families, the Monommide, Cistelide (= Alleculide), Melan- dryide, (idemeride, Anthicide, Pedilide, Xylophilide, and Mordellide. The Tenebrionide (at present in the hands of Herr Hans Gebien) are not included. The collections examined illustrate the abundance of certain Cdemerids, Xylophilids, and Mordellids (Mordellistena) in the islands and the presence of two peculiar Melandryid genera in the Seychelles. A first set of the material, including the types of all new forms, will be placed in the British Museum. * Many results of this Expedition have been published in a special series of volumes of the Linnean Society’s ‘ Transactions’ (ser. 2, Zool. vols. xii.—Xvii.), Ann. & Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 8. Vol. xix. ja! 162 Mr. G. GC. Champion on Coleoptera from List of Species. Fam. Monommide. Fam. Anthicide.. 1. Monomma pruinosum, sp. 0. 11. Anthicus oceanicus, Laf. : Fam. Pedilide. Fam, Cistelide (= ALLECU- LID), 12. Eurygenius fragilicornis, sp. 0. 13. ;, conve icollis, sp. D. 2. Cacoplesia viriditincta, sp. Nn. 3. S annulipes, sp. D. Fam. Xylophilide. 14. Xylophilus torticornis, sp. n. Fam. Melandryide. 15. + clavicornis, sp. ND. 4. Stictodrya (gen. nov.) longi- as 4 seychellariii aD re psec Bo Val : Fam. Mordellide. 5. Mycteromimus (gen. noy.) im- oe : sularis, sp. 0. 17. *Mordella brauert, Kolbe. 18. 45 peregrinator, sp. 0. lake 5 disparilis, sp. 0. Fam. @demeride. 20, Mordellistena mahena, Kolbe. 21. a degressa, 8p. D. 6. Oxacis grisescens, Fairm. 2) - partilis, sp. M. fe, Mimecia. wh arin, a3: 7 cole@, sp.n. 8. Ananca aldabrana, sp. n. 94, rr septemcarinata, 9, = scabripennis, sp. Nn. sp. nD. 10. 5. submaryinata, sp. 0. 25. £ dirempta, sp. 0. | 26, fe argutula, 8p. Ds Fam. Monommide. MonomMa. Monomma, Castelnau, Hist. Nat. Ins. ii. p. 215 (1840). 1. Monomma pruinosum, sp. n. Elliptic, rather broad, feebly shining, nigro-piceous or black, at most obsoletely rufo-variegate, the reddish colora- tion sometimes becoming more distinct along the lateral and apical margins of the prothorax, towards the sides of. the elytra before the apex, and on the humeri beneath, the antennal club, the palpi, and the legs in part also rufescent ; somewhat thickly clothed above with minute, fulvous, adpressed, squamiform hairs, which are condensed into a small patch on each elytron at the base. Head densely punctate. Prothorax rounded at the sides anteriorly, closely, finely punctate, the anterior angles arcuately produced, the hind angles subrectangular, Elytra transversely gibbous * Not represented in the collections made by the Expedition, the Seychelles Islands and Al.tabra. 163 before the middle, with rows of somewhat closely placed, rather coarse, shallow punctures placed in fine shallow striz, the punctures becoming coarser and less approximate and the strie obsolete on the gibbous portion of the dise, the interstices minutely punctate throughout, moderately convex towards the sides and apex, and almost flat on the disc. Beneath closely, finely punctate, the punctures on the anterior and lateral portions of the metasternum coarse and scattered ; prosternal process moderately broad, the marginal carine parallel; fifth ventral segment with a very deep, bisinuate, transverse sulcus extending across the middle from the outer margin, interrupted in the centre by a dentiform backward prolongation of the anterior portion of the segment. Length 51-6}, breadth 3!--34 mm. Loc. Aldabra - Takamaka, x.-x1. 1908 (Fryer). Kleven specimens, almost certainly including the two sexes. Near M. irroratum, Klug, from Madagascar, but smaller; the vestiture nee and more scattered, not con- densed into two well-defined densely punctate spots on the dise of the prothorax (well shown in Klug’s figure) ; the prothorax more finely punctate; the elytra less dilated at the sides below the humeri, the humeri more acute, the seriate punctures smaller and shallower, the dentiform back- ward prolongation of the basal portion of the fifth ventral segment narrower and extending to very near the apex. Fam. Cistelide (= Alleculide). CACOPLESIA. Cacoplesia, Fairmaire, Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg. xlii. p. 237 (1898). The two species provisionally referred to this genus have the penultimate joint of the tarsi lobed and the tibial spurs small, as defined by Fairmaire. 2. Cacoplesia viriditincta, sp.n. (Pl. VI. fig. 1, ¢.) Oblong-oval, moderately elongate, subopaque, subglabrous, _ fusco- testaceous, more or less suffused with green or golden- green, the head and prothorax being almost entirely of this colour, the elytra more dilute, the antenne and legs testa- ceous or obscure testaceous. Head closely, finely punctate, the epistoma separated from the front by a shallow groove ; eyes large, prominent, slightly smaller in ?, separated by less than the width of one of them as seen ii 164 Mr. G. C. Champion on Coleoptera from from above; last joint of maxillary palpi rather narrow, elongate-triangular ; antennz slender, long in g, shorter in 2, joints 3-11 subequal in length, 3-10 feebly subserrate. Prothorax transverse, rather small, arcuately narrowing from a little behind the middle to the apex, the base broadly sub- truncate, the hind angles obtuse; the punctuation fine and sparser than on the head, the interspaces alutaceous, Elytra much wider than the prothorax, moderately elongate, sub- parallel in their basal half in g, a little widened posteriorly in ¢; deeply crenato-striate. the punctures closely placed, the interstices convex throughout and very sparsely, finely, irregularly punctate. Aideagus of ¢ long, tapering, abruptly bent at some distance before the slender tip. Length 74-84, breadth 3-34 mm. (¢ 2.) Loc. Aldabra: Esprit Island, xii. 1908 (Fryer). Five specimens, the two males having the #edeagus pro- truding. Allied forms occur in Madagascar, and it is just possible that the present species may be referable to one of them. It has the upper surface obviously less shining than in C. micans, Klug, cewrulans and ceruleovirens, Fairm., &c., to judge from the descriptions of those insects. 3. Cacoplesia annulipes, sp.n. (Pl. VI, fig. 2, g.) Oblong-ovate, convex, the head and prothorax opaque, the rest of the surface shining; head, prothorax, and coxe, and the basal joint of the antenne in immature examples, obscure ferruginous, the rest of the antennze black, the elytra brown, the legs testaceous, with the knees, and some- times the apices of the tibie also, black ; very finely pubes- cent, the elytra almost glabrous. Head small, densely, rugosely punctate, the epistoma confused with the front; eyes small, strongly transverse, rather prominent, somewhat distant from the base of the head; last joint of maxillary palpi small, subtriangular; antennze extending to beyond the middle of the elytra, joint 2 small, 3 and 5 equal, 4 slightly longer, 5-10 gradually becoming shorter and stouter, 11 ovate, shorter than 10. Prothorax transversely convex, short, nearly twice as wide as the head, rounded at the sides, a little more narrowed in front than behind, subtruncate ~ at the base, the hind angles obtuse; densely, rugulosely punctate. LElytra convex, moderately long, about one-half — wider than the prothorax, narrowing from the middle, the — humeri rounded; crenato-striate, the punctures closely placed, the interstices convex, faintly punctulate. Beneath closely, — the Seychelles Islands and Aldabra. 165 finely punctate. Fifth ventral segment with ashallow trans- verse depression before the apex. Length 33-4, breadth 14-12 mm. (¢.) Loc. Seychelles: Mahe. Four specimens, apparently all males, from the damp endemic mountain-forests above Cascade Estate and in the Mare aux Cochons district (between 1000 and 2000 feet). This species has the legs coloured as in Plesia yeniculata, Klug, from Madagascar. It will doubtless have to be removed from Cacoplesia, on account of the small head and eyes, the small apical joint of the antenne, the convex general shape, &c. It can hardly be referred to Allecula, a genus at present including many heterogeneous forms. Allied insects inhabit Borneo. Fam. Melandryide. STICTODRYA, gen. nov. Head short, small, obliquely narrowed immediately before the very large prominent eyes and parallel-sided behind them, the epistoma not separated from the front; labrum strongly transverse; mandibles small; maxillary palpi rather stout, the apical joint triangular; anteune very short, slender, subserrate towards the tip; prothorax trans- verse, without trace of marginal carina, tlie base feebly bisinuate, with distinct fovee; scutellum small; elytra elongate, much wider than the prothorax, subparallel, without trace of strie, the punctuation uniform, the epi- pleura not reaching the apex; anterior coxe contiguous, the cavities open behind; intermediate cox well separated; intercoxal process of abdomen narrow, triangular; ventral segments rather long, the sutures almost straight ; tibial spurs minute; tarsi with penultimate jomt and the one preceding it lobed beneath, the former broad, the claws feebly developed and appendiculate; body elongate, de- pressed, the integument rather soft, variegated with lighter and darker pubescence. Type, S. longipennis. This genus seems to be best placed near Thisias and various other forms provisionally referred by me to Melan- dryide. tear) The structure of the mandibles cannot be seen in the unique example obtained. The narrow, immarginate, basally foveate prothorax, elongate, subparallel, uniformly punctate, 166 =~ Mr. G. C. Champion on Coleoptera from fasciate elytra, smaller eyes, &c., separate Stictodrya from Mycteromimus. Fairmaire’s Melandryid-genus Diegoa, from Madagascar, is compared with Marolia, and it cannot, there- fore, be very nearly allied to the Seychelles insect. 4. Stictodrya longipennis, sp.n. (PI. VI. fig. 3, d.) 3. Moderately shining, piceous, with a faint zneous lustre, the antennz and legs testaceous ; variegated above with very fine, adpressed brownish and flavo-cinereous pubescence, the latter condensed into dense patches on the prothorax and elytra, forming irregular interrupted fascize on the latter; the head, prothorax, and scutellum densely, finely punctate, the puncturing of the elytra a httle more diffuse. Head convex, transversely depressed in front, the post- ocular portion about one-third the length of the eye; antenne reaching the base of the prothorax, very slender, joints 3-10 gradually decreasing in length, 2 short, stout, 3 about twice as long as 2,9 and 10 triangular, 11 short- ovate. LProthorax transverse, a little wider than the head with the eyes, the sides rounded anteriorly and _ parallel behind, the dise obliquely depressed on each side, the small basal foveee polished. LElytra about four times the length of the prothorax, the humeri somewhat oblique in front. Ventral segments 1-5 closely, finely punctate, simple. Length 53, breadth 2 mm. Loc. Seychelles: Mahé. One specimen, beaten from dense forest-vegetation of “*Capucin”’-trees (Northea), Roscheria-palms, &c., on the summit of Morne Pilot, over 2000 feet, xi. 1908. Mycrrromimus, gen. nov. TIead short, obliquely narrowed before the eyes, the epistoma not separated from the front; eyes very large, reaching the anterior margin of the prothorax; labrum strongly transverse; anteane short, slender, the outer joints subserrate, 11 short-ovate, simple ; mentum strongly — transverse ; apical joint of maxillary palpi stout, elongate- triangular ; mandibles acute at tip, toothed towards the apex beneath ; prothorax short, closely applied to the elytra, bi- sinuate at the base, distinctly margined to near the apex — at tlie sides beneath; scutelium small; elytra much wider — than the prothorax, ‘oblong, without trace of strie, the | sculpture consisting of intermixed minute and larger punc- i tures, the epi, leura uot reaching the apex; anterior coxe_ . the Seychelles Islands and Aldabra. 167 small, contiguous, the cavities open behind and closed by the mesosternum ; intermediate coxe narrowly separated ; intercoxal process of the abdomen rather narrow, triangular ; ventral segment 5 simple in both sexes, 2 with a pubescent tubercle in g ; tibial spurs minute; tarsisparsely pubescent on their lower surface, penultimate joint broad and lobed beneath, the claws appendiculate ; body obiong-oval, densely pubescent. Type, M. insularis. - The single species from which the above characters are taken is nearly related to the holarctic genus Mycterus, some of the members of which have a non-rostrate head ; but it differs from these latter in the still shorter head, the greatly developed eyes, the elongate-triangular apical joint of the maxillary palpi, the small scutelum, &c. An unnamed insect from Madagascar (represented by two broken examples in the British Museum) is still more closely allied to the Seychelles insect. 5. Mycteromimus insularis, sp.n. (Pl. VI. fig. 4,°¢ .) Moderately convex, shining, eneo-piceous, the legs, mouth- parts, and antenne (except the intermediate joints in mature examples) testaceous ; densely clothed with pale brownish er brownish cinereeus pubescence (which almost hides the sculpture), that on the prothorax transversely arranged ; the entire surface densely, minutely punctate, with scattered, irregularly placed, slightly coarser punctures intermixed, these latter giving an asperate appearance to the elytra when the vestiture is removed. Antenne with joint 3 about twice as long as 2, 3-10 gradually becoming shorter and subserrate, 9 and 10 subtriangular, 11 short-ovate. Pro- thorax strongly transverse, the sides rounded anteriorly and parallel at the base. Elytra about four times the length of the prothorax, the humeri rounded. g. Ventral segment 2 somewhat gibbous in the middle anteriorly and at this place bearing a small, fulyo-pubescent tubercle. Length 4-64, breadth 2-24 mm. (¢ 2.) Loc. Seychelles : Silhouette, Mahe. Twelve specimens, only obtained by beating from the growing leaves of one species of endemic palm (Stevensonia sechellarum) in the mountain-forests: Silhouette, above Mare aux Cochons, over 1000 feet, ix. 1908; Mahé, near Morne Blanc, and above Cascade Estate, in both cases at about 000 feet. ‘The insect is probably pulverulent in Jife 168 Mr. G. C. Champion on Coleoptera from like its Palearctic allies. The European Mycterus curcu- lionoides F., has a similar tuft of hairs on the second ventral segment in the male. Fam. Cdemerida. One species of this family is quoted by Kolbe as having been recorded from the Seychelles by Fairmaire in 1893, but no name was given ; the insect in question is doubtless one of those subsequently described by the French author *. OxacIs. Oxacis, Leconte, New Species Coleopt. p. 165 (1866); Leconte & Horn, Class. Coleopt. N. Am. p. 405 (1883); Champion, Biol. ee a a Coleopt. iv. 2, p. 149, and Trans. Ent. Soc, Lond. 1896, p- 39. The insects placed under this genus have the mandibles uncleft at the apex, the right one, at most, with a short tooth before the tip. Amongst the ten species of Ananca recorded by Fairmaire from Madagascar or the Seychelles two, at least, A. grisescens and A. lineola, belong to Oxacis as here understood, and Lagria livida, F. (selected by Semenow as the type of Sessinia, Pasc.), from Tahiti, is congeneric with it. Fairmaire notes the extreme rarity of the males of some of these Gidemerids, 6. Oxacis grisescens. (Text-fig. 1, J genital armature.) Ananca grisescens, Fairm., Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg. xli. p. 119 (1897). Elongate, robust, pale testaceous, the eyes and the tips of the mandibles black, subopaque, the anterior portion of the head shining, thickly clothed with very fine pallid pubes- cence. Head above and between the eyes densely, finely punctate, the punctuation becoming coarser and diffuse on the anterior half, the epistoma rather long; eyes very large; left mandible simple, right mandible toothed before the tip ; antennz nearly as long as the body in @, a little shorter in ¢, joint 3 distinctly longer than 4, 11 shorter than 10 and feebly constricted at the middle, Prothorax oblong- subcordate, densely, finely punctate, obsoletely, interruptedly canaliculate down the middle, the shallow groove terminating in a deeper, transverse, foveiform depression before the base, the disc transversely flattened or depressed towards the apex, * Fairmaire also mentions (Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1898, p. xcix) a Can- tharid and a Rhipiphorid from the Seychelles, but no names are given. - 2 each (te the Seychelles Islands and Aldabra. 169 without definite foveee. Elytra elongate, subparallel in their basal half, closely, extremely finely punctate, obsoletely bicostate on the dise from the base to beyond the middle. ¢. Sixth (hidden) ventral segment divided into two long, inwardly curved, sinuous, concave, forcipiform lobes, the small seventh segment very deeply emarginate, a long, slender, pilose rod extruding from the emargination ; edeagus ex- - tremely elongate, slender, thickened at the tip, lateral lobes long, ciliate, arising from a common stem, which is abruptly -bifurcate from a little beyond the middle. (Text-fig. 1.) Oxacis (.A nanca) grisescens, Fairmaire, ¢. Gen. armature. Length 10-12 mm. (4 ?.) Loc. Seychelles: Mahé, Silhouette, Praslin, Félicité, Bird Island (1905 and 1908-9) ; Round Island (Mus. Brit.). The specimens were all found at or near the coast, never in the endemic forests of the mountains. Fifteen examples seen, including a ¢ from Round Island, received by the British Museum in 1870. The very fine close puncturing of the upper surface, the long third antennal joint, the form of the mandibles, and the generally robust body, distinguish O. grisescens from the allied insects occur- ring in the Seychelles, whence Fairmaire’s type was obtained. It is the only one to which his brief description applies. 7. Oxacis lineola. Ananca lineola, Fairm, Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg. xxxix. p. 453 (1895). Elongate, shining, finely pubescent ; pale testaceous, the 170 Mr. G. C. Champion on Coleoptera from eyes and the tips of the mandibles black, the prothorax with a narrow median vitta and an oblong spot on each side (the vitta sometimes interrupted and the spot wanting), and the head in some specimens with a spot between the eyes, fuscous, the elytra fuscous, with the suture, three narrow lines on the dise (the outer one fainter and abbreviated anteriorly), and the Jateral margin more broadly, pale testa- ceous, the ventral surface and metasternum in part infuscate. liead moderately produced anteriorly, very finely punctate ; eyes large, separated by more than the width of one of them as seen from above ; mandibles uncleft at the tip ; antenne long, joint 3 longer than 4, 4-10 decreasing in length, 11 longer than 10 and feebly constricted at the middle. Pro- thorax longer than broad, moderately constricted behind the middle, transversely depressed anteriorly and also hollowed in the centre before the base; the surface polished, very finely punctate, with an indication of a smooth median line. Eilytra much wider than the prothorax, somewhat attenuate posteriorly, closely, very finely punctate, without definite cost. ¢. Fifth ventral segment excavate down the middle before the apex. Length 7-103 mm. (¢ 2.) Loc. Aldabra (1908, Fryer). Madagascar (Mus. Brit.). Four specimens, one only of which (a 2.) is from Aldabra, apparently referable to A. lineola, Fairm., the type of which was from Madagascar. ANANCA. Sessinia, Pascoe, Journ, Ent. ii. pp. 45, 488 (1863) (nomen nudum), Ananca, Vairmaire et Germain, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1863, p. 267, Copidita, Leconte, New Species Coleopt. p, 164 (1866) ; Champion, Biol. Centr.-Am., Coleopt. iv. 2, p. 144, and Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. 1396, p. 40. This genus differs from Oxacis in having both mandibles cleft at the tip. No type was given by Pascoe for Sessinia aud his name cannot be accepted. ‘The five species referred to Ananca by Fairmaire and Germain were all from Chile; the first of these, Nacerdes pallens, Sol., which must be taken as the type, proves to have bifid mandibles, and the name Ananca, therefore, must be adopted in place of Cognidita, used by me elsewhere. 8. Ananca aldabrana, sp. n. Elongate, luteo- or fulvo-testaceous, the eyes and the tips . the Seychelles Islands and Aldabra. ¥FI of the mandibles black, subopaque, the head shining, thickly clothed with rather coarse pallid pubescence. Head mode- rately produced in front, the epistoma rather long, coarsely, closely punctate; eyes large; mandibles each bifid at the tip ; antennz not reaching the apex of the elytra, joints 3 and 4 subequal in length, 11 feebly constricted at the middle. Prothorax considerably longer than broad, subcordate, narrow, densely, coarsely, subconfluently punctate, broadly depressed and subfoveate on each side of the disc anteriorly. Klytra long, nearly twice as wide as the prothorax, somewhat convex, closely, finely, scabroso-punctate, each with two distinct coste on the disc and another near the outer margin, all three extending from the base to near the apex. 6. Sixth (hidden) ventral segment divided into two narrow, curved, concave, forcipiform lobes, the corresponding dorsal segment similarly shaped ; edeagus long, rather stout, gradually widened towards the tip, the latter. rounded, lateral lobes very long, slender, and feebly curved. Leng h 8-12 mm. (¢ ?.) Loc. Aldabra (1908-9, Fryer). Seychelles : Round Island (Mus. Brit.). Found in abundance at Aldabra, in several parts of the atoll. In the British Museum there are also two females and a male of the same species from Round Island. Very few males are contained in the long series before me; three, however (including the one from Round I.) have been identified, and their genital armature examined. The bifid mandibles, the densely, rather coarsely punctured, dull, sub- bifoveate, narrow prothorax, and the finely punctate, more distinctly costate elytra, readily ae S A. aldabrana from Oxacis (Ananca) grisescens, Fairm. ! Ss DOH CON Fig. 5. Eurygenius fragilicornis, Champion, . Fig, 6. Xylophilus torticornis, Champion, ¢. Fig. 7. Ditto. Antenna. 7 8. Xylophilus seychellarum, Champion, ¢. Fig. 9. Xylophilus clavicornis, Champion, &. 0. Mordella peregrinator, Champion, 2. 188 Dr. G. A. Ks Marshall on new XIIT.—On new Species of Indian Curculionidee.—Part III. By Guy A. K. Marsuatt, D.Sc. Subfamily Lreuniv x. Genus PELTOTRACHELUS, NOV. Head continuous with the rostrum, the eyes comparatively small and widely separated. Rostrum about as long as the prothorax, its sides sloping outwards from the carine bounding the median area, the genz more or less dilated, the apical emargination deep and Pima 5 the scrobes apical and short, visible from above ; the lateral areas im- pressed and with two furrows—one running just below the dorso-lateral carina, the other passing from the lower corner of the scrobe to the lower margin of the eye; the buccal aperture extremely oblique and much longer than the lower surface of the rostrum, the mentum bearing only two sete. Antenne with the scape but little curved, subcylindrical, slightly thickened towards the apex, and reaching beyond the front margin of the thorax ; the funicle variable; the club narrowly spindle-shaped. Prothorar transverse, the base deeply bisinuate and broader than the apex, the ocular lobes developed or not, but vibrissze always present. Scu- tellum small. Elytra with the shoulders obliquely rounded and not prominent, the dorsal outline flat or only slightly convex, the declivity steep, the apices separately rounded, the striz partly hidden by the dense scaling. Legs with the front coxe nearer the anterlor margin of the prosternum ; the femora moderately clavate and with a small tooth; the tibize simple, the corbels of the hind pair quite open; the claws small and free. Type, Platytrachelus pubes, Fst. The species included in this genus were erroneously attributed by Faust to Platytrachelus, Schh., owing to his having wrongly identified the genotype, P. pistacinus, Boh. Some years ago, through the kindness of Dr. Taschenberg, I was able to examine the type of that species, which is in Germar’s collection in Halle; it proved to be identical with Amblyrrhinus viridanus, Fst. (Stett. ent. Zeit. 1890, p. 74). Platytrachelus differs from Peltotrachelus principally in the structure of the rostrum, which has the median area broad and the sides vertical; the scrobes are therefore quite invisible from above and extend backwards for more than half the length of the rostrum. The only other species of Species of Indian Curculionidae. , 189 true Platytrachelus known to me are Amblyrrhinus psitta- cinus, Fst., and Corigetus paviei, Auriv., both of which occur in Indo-China. The other described species of Peltotrachelus are Platy- trachelus propinquus, Fst., P. ovis, Hell., Cyphicerus juvencus, Fst. (= Myllocerus acacie, Stebb.), Acanthotrachelus albus, Pasce., and Myllocerus isabellinus, Boh. Peliotrachelus cognatus, sp. n. 3 ?. Colour black or piceous, with dense grey scaling and with the following denuded areas on the elytra: —A transverse patch just behind the scutellum, extending to about the fourth stria; a dentate trausverse band before the middle, which is only broken at the suture; a similar but complete and more curved band behind the middle; these patches often partly obscured by whitish or yellowish powdering. Head with the eyes lateral and almost flat ; the forehead with a central fovea. Rostrum longer than its basal width, slizhtly narrowed from the base to beyond the middle, and dilated at the apex; the dorsal area broadly and rather deeply impressed ; the submentum with a projecting tooth. Antenne with the second funicular joint much longer than the first, the others longer than broad. Prothoraxv with the sides slightly rounded and shallowly constricted at the apex, the postocular lobes prominent, the dorsal anterior margin rounded; the upper surface with rather coarse confluent punctation, and with a very shallow transverse impression before and a small rounded one behind the middle on each side. Elytra nearly parallel-sided (g) or dilated behind the middle (2), the intervals distinctly broader than the shallow striz and with short curved irregular sete. Length 6-7, breadth 24-3 mm. Manpras: Yercaad, 4500 ft., Shevaroy Hills (7. Bainbrigge Fletcher). Very closely allied to P. pubes, Fst., but differing in its colouring and its larger and less convex eyes; the rostrum is longer and more deeply impressed, the prothorax is more narrowed in front, the shoulders of the elytra are less promi- nent, and the sides more dilated behind in the female. Peltotrachelus rugipennis, sp. 0. Colour black, with rather thin pale green scaling, which is often more or less abraded. Head with the eyes lateral, elongate, and only slightly 190 Dr. G. A. K. Marshall on new convex, the forehead thinly pubescent and without green scaling. Rostrum much longer than its width at the base, almost parallel-sided in the basal half, and strongly dilated anteriorly, the basal area broadly and rather deeply im- pressed, the median part of the submentum elevated into a sharp conical process with the point directed backwards. Antenne with the scape gently curved and-.gradually thick- ened; the funicle with joint 2 longer than 1, and 3 to 7 longer than broad. Prothoraz with the sides subparallel in the basal half and narrowed in front, the dorsal anterior edge very slightly rounded, the ocular lobes strongly pro- duced ; the upper surface with close confluent punctation which is not very distinet through the scaling, with a faint transverse impression before the middle and a deeper rounded impression on each side behind. Elytra with rows of large fovez, the intervals very narrow and irregular; in the vicinity of the suture the spaces between the fovezx are slightly raised, so that the surface appears transversely rugose ; the setve extremely short, dense, and suberect. Length 53-7, breadth 23-3 mm. Manpras: Anaimalai Hills (H. L. Andrewes). Peltotrachelus illobatus, sp. n. Biack, with dense pale green or greenish-grey scaling throughout, the head and prothorax with a yellowish tinge. Head with the eyes rather prominent and lateral ; fore- head with a short central stria. Rostrum longer than broad, very gradually dilated from the middle to the apex, the dorsal carine more elevated than usual and continued on to the forehead. Antenne with the scape distinctly curved ; the funicle with joint 2 longer than 1, the latter longer than 3 and 4 together, 5-7 much longer than broad. Prothorax with the sides almost straight and strongly narrowed from base to apex, the dorsal anterior margin straight, the ocular lobes absent, being replaced by a tuft of yellow vibrisse, the upper surface rather rugosely punctate, especially towards the sides. Elytra broadest behind the middle (9), with rather deep and coarsely puuctate strive, which, however, appear very narrow and finely punctate when the scaling is intact; the sete mostly very short and depressed, but scattered among them a number of comparatively long erect sete. Length 7, breadth 3} mm, Burma: ‘Taung-ngu (G, Q. Corbett). Camsonia (Mouhot). Species of Indian Curculionide. 191 Peltotrachelus smaragdus, sp. n. Black, with dense bright green scaling, the head usually with pinkish seales ; sometimes the insect is covered with a more or less dense whitish coating over the green scaling. Head with the eyes very small, prominent and lateral ; forchead with a central fovea. Rostrum longer than broad, only slightly dilated at the apex, the dorsal area broadly impressed, the under surface normal and with no projection. Antenne with the scape almost straight; the funicle with joint 2 nearly twice as long as 1, | hardly longer than 3, and 3 to 7 much longer than broad. Prothorax with the sides scarcely curved, ouly slightly narrower at the apex than at the base, the dorsal anterior margin straight, the ocular lobes absent, being replaced by a tuft of golden-yellow vibrissze ; the upper surface closely punctate and with a shallow fovea on each side behind the middle.’ Elytra with fine distinctly punctate striz and broad intervals where the scaling is intact, the striw being a good deal broader when the scaling i is removed, but even then distinctly nar- rower than the intervals ; the sete extremely short, dense, and suberect. Length 4-6, breadth 2-3 mm. Mapras: Nilgiri Hills (Sir G. Hampson, H. L. Andrewes). A very distinct species. Apart from the absence of the ocular lobes, the facies is that of a typical Peltotrachelus. Genus MEIonops, nov. Head separated from the rostrum by a very shallow trans- verse impression; the eyes widely separated, comparatively small, and almost circular. Rostrum rather broad and stout, longer than its basal width, the buccal aperture oblique, the apical emargination angular but rather shallow; the true scrobe apical and very short, the space from the scrobe to the eye broadly impressed. Antenne elongate aud compara- tively slender; the scape cylindrical, abruptly clavate, and curved only towards the apex ; the funicle withjoint 1 much longer than 2, 3 to 7 subequal, and the club narrowly spindle- shaped. Prothorax simple, s'rongly transverse, the sides rounded, its greatest width almost or quite equal to that of the elytra, the apex narrower than the base, the latter trun- cate or faintly bisinuate, the ocular lobes not very prominent, broadly rounded and with short vibrissee, the front coxe placed in the centre of the prosternum. Sceutellum small, Elytra with the base vertically truncate, its margin being 192 Dr. G. A. K. Marshall on new slightly raised, the shoulders feeble and obliquely rounded, punctato-striate, the intervals smooth and even. Legs with the femora strongly clavate and having a rather Jarge tooth, all the tibize sinuate internally near the base, the corbels of the hind pair entirely open, the tarsal claws free. Type, MW. aspersus, sp. n. Allied to Phytoscaphus, Schh., but differing from it in the very broad and rounded prothorax, the vertical basal margin of the elytra, and the small and widely separated eyes. Meionops aspersus, sp. n. Colour piceous, with chocolate-brown scaling and pale markings; the head fawn-coloured; the prothorax with a broad dorsal and narrower lateral stripe of yellowish-creamy scales ; the elytra with a similarly coloured, broad, irregular, and broken lateral stripe, and with small pale spots on the disk, which often coalesce along the suture. Rostrum only slightly w idened at the apex, the dorsal area al nost plane and with a fine central carina, the lateral area with a deep narrow furrow running towards the upper edge of the eye and a broader one beneath the scrobe. Antenne with joints 3 to 7 of the funicle about as long as broad. Prothorax not quite as broad as the elytra at the shoulders, the base slightly bisinuate, the upper surface with shallow punctures and slightly granulate, the sculpture being almost hidden by the scaling. lytra jointly sinuate at the base, the apices jointly rounded, slightly broader behind the middle, the striz shallow, with very large subquadrate punctures (somewhat hidden by scaling), the intervals almost Pee and smooth, with minute subdepressed sete. Length 53-6, breadth 21-3 mm. ASSAM. Meionops glaucinus, sp. 0 Colour black. with dark greenish-grey scaling throughout, Rostrum with the dorsal area almost plane and without a carina. Antenne with joints 3 to 7 of the funicle evidently longer than broad. Prothoraz as broad as the elytra at the shoulders, the base truncate, the apical portion shallowly constricted. lytra truncate at the base, the sides parallel to beyond the middle, the punctures smaller. In other respects agrees with M. aspersus, Mshl. Length 5, breadth 22 mm, W, Beneat: Chota ‘Nagpur (Cardon). Species of Indian Curculionides. 193 Subfamily 4 wrzonomin#. Genus ONYCHOCNEMIS, noy. Head exserted, subconical; the eyes lateral, small, almost circular. Rostrum broad, flattened dorso-ventrally, longer than the head or the front tibia, almost straight, deflected, forming a continuous line with the head, and with the apical margin entire; the scrobes narrow and deep, beginning at about one-third from the apex and continued obliquely to beneath the base of the rostrum; the mentum small, sub- quadrate, about as long as its supporting peduncle, convex, impunctate, and very ‘shining. Antenne short, geniculate ; the scape almost stra ight, clavate, reaching the middle of the eye ; the funicle 7-jointed, joint 1 swollen and longer than any of the others, 2 subconical and as long as broad, the remainder strongly transverse, very closely packed, and rapidly widening outwardly, joint 7 being closely annexed to the club, which is broadly ovate and 3-jointed. Pro- thorax without postocular lobes, and with the base bisinuate. Scutellum distinct, circular. Elytra oblong, broader than the prothorax, entirely covering the pygidium, with distinct shoulders and ten strie. Legs short and stout; the hind cox ovate, not reaching the edge of elytra; the femora moderately clavate and not toothed, the hind pair not nearly reaching the apex of the elytra ; the tibiz almost straight, slightly compressed, strongly uncinate at the apex, and also with a short sharp mucro projecting perpendicularly from the inner angle; the tarsi: broad, joint 2 transverse, 3 broadly lobate, 4 short, the lower surface clothed with fine pale pubesceuce, which is sparse on the two basal joints, the claws very small and connate at the base. Sternum: the prosternum very short, with the front margin shallowly sinuate, the coxeze in the middle and narrow ly separated ; the mesosternum with the epimera not ascending and broadly separating the episterna from the elytra, the intercoxal pro- cess broadly truncate at the apex; the metasternum between the coxz about as long as the middle coxe, the episterna eomparatively broad. Venter with the intercoxal process broadly rounded, the two basal segments fused together and delimited only by an almost straight shallow stria, the inter- mediate segments not angulated externally, 2 almost as lorg as 3+4 in the middle, and 5 but little longer than 4. Type, Onychocnemis carey@, sp. 0. Allied to the European Bradybatus, Germ., and the South- African Thamnobius, Schh, The former genus differs in its Ann, & Mag. N, Hist, Ser, 8. Vol. xix. 13 194 Dr. G. A. K. Marshall on new much longer, more slender, and cylindrical rostrum, its simply uncinate tibiz, free and bifid tarsal claws, and dentate front femora. In Thamnobius the rostrum is also more cylindrical, the scape does not exceed the front margin of the eye, the tibiz are merely uncinate (not mucronate, as stated by. Lacordaire), and the tarsal claws are free aud appendiculate. : Onychocnemis carey@, sp. n. 3 2. Colour red-brown, shining and sparsely clothed with short recumbent white sete; the head darker; the elytra with the entire suture blackish brown, as well as a large common patch extending from the base to beyond the middle and laterally as far as the fifth stria, its outline being very similar to that of the elytra ; the mesosternum, metasternum, tarsal claws, and the two apical hooks of the tibia also dark brown or blackish. Head rugosely punctate, the forehead a little narrower than the base of the rostrum and broader than the eye. Rostrum very gradually widened from base to apex, rugosely punctate above from the base to the end of the scrobe, the apical area more lightly punctate (¢) or impunctate (¢ ). Prothorax subconical, almost as long as its width at the base, gradually narrowed from there to the apex, the sides gently rounded, without any auterior constriction, the basal angles nearly right angles, the base angularly produced in ~ the middle, the apical margin very shallowly sinuate dorsally and oblique at the sides ; the upper surface with coarse reticulate punctation throughout and with a median stripe of deuser pale recumbent sete. /ytra almost parallel-sided from the shoulders to well behind the middle, broadly rounded behind, the apices continuous, the basal margin slightly raised and almost straight from the second stria to the shoulders ; the striz broad, coutaining deep closely-set puuctures, which diminish behind, the intervals scarcely broader than the striz, almost flat and finely aciculate, the posterior callus nearly obsolete; the dorsal outline flat from the base to the middle, then gradually declivous. Legs coarsely punctate and clothed with curved white setz. Length 2-2), breadth ]-14 mm. Mysore : Madhavgini (H. H. Mann, Pusa Coll.). This species was found on the leaves of the jak-fruit tree (Careya arborea). Spectes of Indian Curculionides. 195 Subfamily Omuoryorrya. Genus TrLuRoPUS, nov. Head globose, with the eyes lateral. Rostrum stout, about as long as the front tibia, somewhat depressed, the apical margin very shallowly sinuate ; the scrobes invisible from above, beginning at some distance from the apex, curving rapidly downwards behind the antenne, and ending in a flat- tened punctate area almost on the lower surface of the base of the rostrum; mandibles stout, tridentate; mentum small and square, about equal in length to the peduncle of the submentum, and not broader than the lateral space on each side of it. Prothorax with the basal margin deeply bi- sinuate ; the anterior margin oblique at the sides and without any postocular lobes. Scutelium distinct, almost circular. Elyira short and broad, with ten complete strize ; the in- flexed lateral margin unusually narrow, involving only the tenth stria, and without true epipleuree. Wings fully deve- loped. Legs short and stout; the femora only slightly clavate and each with a small tooth, the hind pair scarcely reaching the apex of the elytra; the tibize with the external apical angle strongly uncinate, and the inner angle with a sharp mucro as well; the tarsi short and broad, the second joint twice as broad as long, the fourth projecting only a short distance beyond the third, the claws simple and stout. Sternum with the front coxe very widely separated and placed behind the middle, the space between them quite flat; the median coxe still further apart, the side-pieces of the meso- sternum fused together but divided by a stria, the suture between the mesosternum and episternum entirely oblite- rated, and the intercoxal piece broadly truncate ; the length of the metasternum between the coxe not greater than that of the median coxee, the episternaas broad as the base of the mid-femora and fused with the metasternum, but the line of junction quite distinct, the epimera imperceptible ; the hind - coxe as widely separated as the middle pair. Venter short, with segment 2 nearly as long as 3+4 and separated from 1 by a deep straight incision, the intercoxal process very - short and broad, with an angular projection in the middle, and segments 2 and 3 angulate externally. Type, Teluropus subcostaius, sp. 0. ; In general form the only known species bears considerable resemblance to the African genus Omophorus, Schh.*, and * In most collections this genus stands under the later name Meta- tyges, Pase. M. turritus, Pasc., isa synonym of O. stomachosus, Boh., while M. parvus, Fst., is identical with O. indispositus, Boh., the type of which is now in the Oxford University Museuin (Sommer’s collection). 13* 196 Dr. G. A. K. Marshall on new the Fijian Physarchus, Pase., except that the shoulders of the elytra are much less prominent. But both these genera differ, inter alia, in the absence of the inner apical mucro on the tibia, and in having the front cox contiguous and the hind pair much closer together than the middle pair, Teluropus ballardi, sp. n. 6. Dark red-browa, fairly closely clothed with short, curved, golden-brown sete, Head rugosely punctured throughout, the forehead almost as broad as the base of the rostrum, transversely flattened and with a central fovea; the eyes almost circular, their greatest depth at about one-fourth from the hind margin, Rostrum stout, parallel-sided, and porrect from the base to a little beyoud the middle, thence slightly widened and curved downwards, somewhat flattened longitudinally at the sides in the basal half, and rugosely punetured throughout right up to the apex. Antenne short ; the scape stout, slightly com- pressed, strongly clavate, and ‘coarsely punctate ; ; the funicle with joint 1 rather longer than 2, and joints 2 to 7 of about equal width and widening regularly outwards, 7 being closely fitted to the club, which has three distinet joints. Prothorar broader than long, broadest near the base and rapidly narrowing in front, with a broad apical constriction, the anterior margin straight, the base with a large median lobe, which is emarginate at its apex ; the upper surface convex, coarsely and confluently punctate throughout, and with two low broad elevations in the middle of the disk : these merge and slope gradually away behind, but in front they are abruptly narrowed where they cross the apical constriction and enclose a large rounded depression between them ; below these prominences on each side is another much lower rounded elevation. L/ytra together nearly as broad as long, parallel-sided from the shoulders to beyond the middle, and very broadly rounded behind; each elytron strungly lobate at the base, the greatest depth of the lobe being at the third interval, which bears a slight basal callus; the juxta-basal area slopes steeply forwards from a transverse postbasal ridge, which bears a rounded prominence on intervals 3 and 5; a little behind this is a short costate elevation on in- terval 3 and a less distinct one on 5 ; the striz are deep and strongly punctate and the intervals are rugose, the alternate ones being slightly mcre convex. Legs rugosely punctate, the femora with scattered granules, set with curved suberect Species of Indian Curculionide. 197 setze ; the anterior pairs of tibie rather sharply angulate on the lower surface not far from the base. Length 43-5, breadth 23-3 mm. Mapras: Coimbatore (#. Ballard, type). Mysore: Madhavgiri, on leaves of jak-fruit, Careya arborea (H. H. Mann, Pusa Coll.). Subfamily /sorruyrycurv2. Phenomerus angulicollis, sp. n. ?. Colour black, sparsely clothed with rather stout, transversely recumbent, pale yellowish, hair-like scales, having the following patches apparently bare, but really clothed with similar black hairs which are not very con- spicuous :—A large transverse patch on the anterior half of the prothorax, and two irregular patches on each elytron, one before and the other behind the middle. Head with scattered punctures, the eyes a little more widely separated than in P. sundewallt. Rostrum red-brown, the thickened basal portion forming about one-fourth of the whole, and not sulcate, but with two posteriorly convergent rows of fine punctures on the disk; the scrobes continued to beyond the middle as a shallow punctate furrow, and with a fine stria Just above them. Prothorax at least two and a half times as long as its basal width, the sides obtusely angulated in front of the middle, the dorsal margin bounded by a fine carina in the basal half, the upper surface with reticulate punctures which are longitudinally subcoalescent, leaving a distinct smooth central carma. Elytra narrowly cylindrical, about as broad as the prothorax at its angu- lation, with shallow striz containing closely set transverse punctures, the intervals narrowly carmate, except the four outer ones, which are broader and almost flat. Legs similar to those of P. sundewalli, except that the large tooth on the elongate hind femora is more deeply sinuate at the base of its posterior edge, so that this edge is distinctly angulated in the middle. Length 3}, breadth 2? mm. Benes: Sanderbans, 13. 11.1915 (C. F. C. Beeson). Very similar superficially to P. sundewalli, Boh., but distinguished by its obviously narrower build, more widely separated eyes, the lateral angulation and basal lateral carina of the prothorax, and the shape of the tooth on the hind femora. Found in burrows in sundri-trees (Heritiera littoralis). 198- Mr. C.T. Regan on the Clupeid Fishes Phenomerus brevirostris, sp. n. é 2. Colouring similar to that of P. angulicollis, but the pale scales more generally distributed, so that the dark patch on the prothorax. is indistinet and those on the elytra are very much redu:ed, Head with close shallow punctures, the forehead broad, about twice the breadth of the funicle. Rvstrwm unusually short and stout, the thickened basal portion forming half (2) or more than half (@) its length, and bearing two or four shallow furrows, the apical area smooth and sparsely punctate ; the scrobe continued to well beyond the middle in both sexes, but without any distinct furrow above it. Antenne short, all the joints of the funicle except the first very strongly transverse, the club shorter and more obtuse than in P. sundewalli. Prothorax about twice as long as broad, parallel-sided from the base to beyond the middle, thence narrowing gradually to the apex, the upper surface simply reticulate, the punctures not coalescing longitu- dinally, with an indistinct central costa. LE/ytra cylindrical, very slightly broader than the prothorax, with coarsely punctate striz, the dorsal intervals narrow, subcarinate, and crenulate. Legs as in P. sundewalli, except that the hind femora are much shorter, extending only a short distance beyond the apex of the elytra, the basal stem is more rapidly widened, and the large tooth is more deeply sinuate at the base of its posterior edge, so that the edge is distinct'y angu- lated in the middle. Length 3, breadth 3? mm. Unitrep Provinces: Khairabenda, Khash Forest, 29. x1. 1913 (C. F. C. Beeson). This species can be readily distinguished from both P. sundewalli and P. angulicollis by its short rostrum and hind femora, and its broad forehead. Found in burrows in dead sal-tree (Shorea robusta). Mr. Beeson informs me that all the three species of Phenomerus mentioued here occurred in burrows of Scolytide# &c., and he is of opinion that they are predaceous upon those beetles. XIV.—A Levision of the Clupetd Fishes of the Genus Pello- nula and of [elated Genera tn the Itivers of Africa. By C. Tare Regan, M.A. (Published by permission of the Trustees of the British Museum.) Prrzoxvia and its allies are distinguished from Clupea, Sardinella, &c., by the stronger dentition and by the absence of the anterior supramaxillary bone, of the Genus Pellonula ée. 19 ae) Synopsis of the Genera. I. Abdominal scutes sharply keeled ; praemaxillary teeth rather strong. A. Lower jaw not or but little projecting; anterior mandibulary teeth enlarged, but no strong canines in either jaw. 1. D. 16-18, above or just behind pelvies. A. 16-21. Scales about 45/11-15. Vertebre 42-43. Supramaxillary large. 1. Pellonula. 2. D, 12-14, above interspace between pelvics and anal. 0-21. Scales 33/8. Vertebre 43 .......... 2. Pecilothrissa. 1-25. Scales 88-42/10-12. Vertebree 39-40. . 3. Microthrissa. ) 3. D. 13-14, above pelvics. A.17-18,far behind dorsal. Scales 40-44/10. Vertebree 42. Supramaxillary small. 4, Potamothrissa, PD A. 2 B. Lower jaw strongly projecting. Premaxillaries with an inner series of 2 or 3 strong canine-like teeth on each side ; anterior teeth Of dower swe Beat eUd pe ora ore aie sero Se oss 5. Cynothrissa. Preemaxillary teeth uniserial, with a canine on each side; lower jaw with a pair of strong anterior Cammmea sree tte at... See re yaoi SAC Ts ata ra Are 6. Odaxothrissa. Il. Abdominal scutes in front of pelvic fins feebly keeled; pra- maxillary teeth small. Maxillary narrow proximally and expanded distally; tongue and palate toothiess .............+.. 7. Stolothrissa, Maxillary broad throughout its length; a patch of teeth on each palatine and a strip on tongue .. 8. Limnothrissa. 1; PELLONULA, Giinth. 1868. Cat. Fish. vii. p. 452. Form elongate, compressed; abdomen sharp-edged. Mouth moderate, terminal, with the lower jaw a little projecting ; upper jaw without median notch; maxillary of a narrow proximal and an expanded distal part ; in front of the narrow part a ligament runs from the end of the premaxillary to the broad part of the maxillary; a single well-developed supra- maxillary. Teeth in jaws uniserial, conical, acute; pre- maxillary teeth rather strong, unequal, without well-marked canines; mandibulary teeth enlarged anteriorly ; maxillary teeth minute ; a patch of conical teeth on each palatine ; an elongate patch of small teeth on tongue. 6 branchiostegals. Scales with entire edges, moderate, in a longitudinal series one to each myotome; ventral scutes sharply keeled and acutely pointed, commencing on or behind the thoracic keel formed by the hypocoracoids. Dorsal of 16-18 rays, anal of 16-21. Pelvics 8-rayed, below or a little in advance of dorsal. Vertebree 42 or 43, A bluish-silvery lateral band. 200 Mr. C. T. Regan on the Clupetd Fishes Pellonula modesta, Fischer (Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anst. il. 1885, p. 75), from Eloby, is placed by Boulenger in the synonymy of P. vorax, but unless the description is quite incorrect (teeth in jaws minute, tongue and palate toothless, no lateral band, &c.) it is not a Pellonula at all, and is most likely a Sardinella. A species from the coast of Brazil, deseribed by Stein- dachner as Pellonula bahiensis(Sitzungsb, Akad. Wien, Ixxx. 1, 1880, p. 181, pl. iii. fig. 2), of which Sardinella pernam- bucana, Schreiner & Ribeiro (Arch. Mus. Rio Janeiro, xii. 1903, p. 72), appears to be a synonym, evidently belongs to the genus L/eringia, Fowler, 1911 (Rhinosardinia, EKigen- mann, 1912), the type of which is A. amazonica, Steind., from the Amazon and Guiana. Synopsis of the Species. 26-30 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch. Depth 3 to 4 in the length; caudal peduncle as long as GOED Oy pis cei ses See nee ee een oer een l. voraz. 27 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch. Depth 5 in the length; caudal peduncle a little longer than GEeD ceeteea uns su owe wey eee ewe ces pete See 2. leonensis. 30 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch. Depth 4 in the length ; caudal peduncle 13 as long as deep . 3. stanleyana. 1. Pellonula voraz. Pellonula vorazx, Giinth. Cat. Fish. vii. p. 452 (1868). Pellonula vorax (part.), Bouleng. Cat. Afr. Fish. i. p. 156, fig. 124 (1909). Depth of body 3 to 4in the length, length of head 84 to42, | Snout neaily equal to diameter of eye, which is 3 to 33 in Jength of head; maxillary extending to below anterior margin or anterior part of eye ; lower jaw a little projecting, 26 to 30 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch. About 45 scales in a longitudinal series, 14 in a transverse series ; ventral scutes 13-15+8-10.. Dorsal 16-18 ; origin equi- ._ distant fiom end of snout and base of caudal, or nearer snout. Anal 18-21. Pelvics varying somewhat in position, rarely eutirely below the dorsal, sometimes entirely in advance of it. Caudal peduncle as long as deep. Vertebree 42. West Africa, from the Senegal to Angola. . Numerous examples, measuring up to 140 mm. in total length. ‘This species may occur in the Lower Congo, but none of — the specimens from the Congo enumerated by Boulenger belongs to it; I refer specimens 18 and 19 to Cynothrissa of the Genus Pellonula é&e. 201 ansorgit, 20-23 and 24-25 to Mierothrissa parva, 26 to Potamothrissa acutirostris, 27 and 28 to Pacilothrissa con- gica, and 29 and 30 to Pellonula stanleyana. 2. Pellonula leonensis. Pellonula leonensis, Bouleng. Cat. Afr, Fish. iv. p. 172, fig. 111 (1916). Depti of body 5 to 5) in the length, length of head 32 to 4. Snout nearly as long as diameter of eye, which is 3 in length of head; maxillary extending to below anterior } of eye 5 lower jaw a little projecting. 27% gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch. 45 scales in a longitudinal series, 11 or 12 in a transverse series ; ventral scutes 13-14+8-9. Dorsal 16; origin equidistant from end of snout and base of caudal. Anal 16-17. Pelvics below origin or anterior rays of dorsal. Caudal peduncle a little longer than deep. Sierra Leone. Two specimens, 57 mm. long, from the North Sherbo District. 3. Pellonula stanleyana, sp. n. Lellonula vorax (part.), Bouleng. Cat. Afr, Fish. i. p. 156 (1909). Depth of body 4 in the length, length of head 44. Snout as long as diameter of eye, which is 34 in Jength of head ; maxillary extending to below anterior margin of eye ; lower jaw a little projecting. 33 gill-rakers on lower part of ante- rior arch. 45 scales in a longitudinal series, i4 in a trans- verse series ; ventral scutes 1449. Dorsal 16-17; origin nearer to end of snout than to base of caudal. Anal 18. Pelvics below anterior rays of dorsal, Caudal peduncle 13 as long as deep. Vertebree 43. Stanley Falls. ‘wo specimens, 110 mm. in total leneth ; one of these is a skeleton, but I have been able to count the gill-rakers. 2. P@CILOTHRISSA, gen. nov. Closely related to Pellonula, differing in that the scales in a longitudinal series are less numerous than the myotomes, the supramaxillary bone is rather small, and the tongue is tootliless. Dorsal fin of 13 rays, above the interspace be- tween pelvics and anal, the last with 20-21 rays. Scales 33/8. Vertebre 43. * T find 27 gill-rakers on the lower part of the anterior arch in each of the type-specimens, which I have examined under a binocular microscope. 202 Mr. C. T. Regan on the Clupeid Fishes Pecilothriss1 congica, s). n. Pellonula vorax (part.), Bouleng. Cat. Afr. Fish. i. p. 156 (1909). Depth of body 4 in the length, length of head 43. Snout a little shorter than diameter of eye, which is 2? in length of head ; jaws equal anteriorly ; maxillary extending to vertical from anterior edge of eye; maxillary teeth quite distinct ; 19 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch. 33 scales in a Jongitudinal series, 8 in a transverse series ; ventral scutes 11-12+9-10. Dorsal 13; origip equidistant from end of snout and base of caudal. Anal 20-21. Pelvics well in advance of dorsal. Caudal peduncle longer than deep. Lateral band narrow, present only on posterior half of fish. Vertebrae 43. Congo. Two specimens, 55 and 60 mm. in total length, from Coquilhatville and from Monsembe. 3. Microrurissa, Bouleng. 1902. Ann. Mus. Congo, Zool. ii. p. 26. Scarcely generically distinct from Pellonula, but tongue toothless, dorsal fin of 12-14 rays and anal of 21 to 25, and pelvics in advance of dorsal. Scales 38-42/10-12. Ver- tebree 39-40. 1. Microthrissa parva, sp. n. Pellonula vorax (part.), Bouleng. Cat. Afr. Fish. i, p. 156 (1909). Depth of body 4 to 5 in the length, length of head about 4. Snout a little shorter than diameter of eye, which is rather more than 2 the length of head; maxillary extending to vertical from anterior edge of eye ; lower jaw a little pro- jecting. 26 or 27 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch. 40 to 42 scales in a longitudinal series, 10 or 11 in a trans- - verse series; ventral scutes 12-13+7-8. Dorsal 12-14; origin nearly equidistant from end of snout and base of caudal. Anal 21-23, not extending forward to below dorsal. Pelvics in advance of dorsal. Caudal peduncle longer than deep. 40 vertebra. Upper Congo. Two specimens of 40 mm. from Coquilhatville and three of 30 mm. from the Tumba Lake. of the Genus Pellonula $e. °° 203 2. Microthrissa royauxi. - Microthrissa royaurt, Bouleng, Ann. Mus. Congo, ii. 1902, p. 26, and Cat. Afr, Fish, i. p. 161, tig. 129 (1909). Depth of body 3-34 in the length, length of head 4. Snout shorter than diameter of eye, which is 3 in length of head ; jaws equal anteriorly; maxillary with minute teeth, extending to below anterior margin of eye; 14 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch, 88 to 40 scales in a longitudinal series, 12 in a transverse series ; ventral seutes 12-13 + 6-7. Dorsal 13; origin equidistant from end of shout and base of caudal, behind the 8-rayed pelvics. Anal 23 (—25), extending forward nearly to below end of dorsal. Caudal peduncle a little deeper than long. 39 vertebree. Ubanehi R. One of the types, 55 mm. in total length, from Banzyville. 4, POTAMOTHRISSA, gen. nov. Jlosely related to Pellonula, but maxillary narrow, supia- maxillary bone quite small, and no teeth on tongue or on maxillary. Dorsal fin of 13 or 14 rays, placed well forward, its origin much nearer to end of snout than to base of caudal, above or in advance of first ray of pelvies ; anal of 17 or 18 rays, far b: hind dorsal. Scales 40-44/10. Vertebree 42, 1. Potamothrissa obtusirostris. (Fig. 1, 2.) Pellonula obtusirostris, Bouleng. Cat. Afr. Fish. i. p. 158, fig. 126 (1909). Jaws equal anteriorly. 16 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch. Ventral scutes 9-10 + 9-10. Aruwimi River, Congo. Two specimens, 72 mm. in total length. 2. Potamothrissa acutirostris. Pellonula acutirostris, Bouleng. Cat. Afr. Fish. i. p. 159, fig. 127 (1909). Lower jaw shorter than upper. 19 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch, Ventral scutes 12-13+ 10-12. Upper Congo, Five specimens, up to 75 mm. in total length. 5. CYNOTHRISSA, gen. nov. Differs from Pellonula in the very prominent lower jaw and in the presence of an inuer series of premaxillary teeth, 204 Mr. C. T. Regan on the Clupetd Fishes comprising 2 or 3 strongly enlarged teeth on each side. Vertebree 42. Fig. 1. Heads of 1. Cynothrissa mento, 2. Potamothrissa obtusirostris (X 23). 1. Cynothrissa mento, sp.n. (Fig. 1, 7.) Fellonula vorax (part.), Bouleng. Cat. Afr. Fish. 1. p. 156, Depth of body 4 in the length, length of head (without lower jaw) 32. Snout longer than diameter of eye, which is 32 in leneth of head; maxillary extending to below anterior 4 of eye. 19 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch. About 45 scales in a longitudinal series, 14 in a transyerse series ; veutral scutes 15+9. Dorsal 17; origin above base of pelvics, equidistant from end of snout and base of caudal. Anal 21. Caudal peduncle longer than deep. Nigeria. A single specimen, 130 mm. in total length, from Agberi, Southern Nigeria. This new species is distinguished from C. ansorgi by the more slender form, fewer gill-rakers, and more numerous anal rays. 2. Cynothr’ssa ansorgu. Pellonula vorax (part.), Bouleng. Cat. Afr. Fish. i. p. 156 (1909). Odaxothrissa ansurgu, Boulenger, op. cit. iv. p. 172, tig. 112 (1916). Depth of body 3 to 84 in the length, length of head (without lower jaw) 32 to 4. Snout as long as or longer than diameter of eye, which is 3 to 4 in length of head; maxillary extending to below anterior 3 or middle of eye. 23 to 25 gill-iakers on lower part of anterior arch. 42 to 45 scales in a longitudinal series, 14 or 15 in a transverse series; ventral scutes 13-16+4+9-11. Dorsal 15-17; origin TE een tian of the Genus Pellonula &e. 205 above or immediately behind base of pelvics, nearly equi- distant from base of caudal and end of snout. Anal 17-19. Caudal peduncle as long as deep. Vertebra 42. Lower Congo and Angola, Nine specimens, 110 to 160 mm. long, including the types from Angola and two from Boma and from Vivi, Lower Congo. 6. OpAxoTHRISSA, Bouleng. 1899. Differs from Pellonula in the very prominent lower jaw, with a pair of strong canines anteriorly ; premaxillary teeth uniserial, with a canine on each side. 1. Odaxothrissa vittata, sp.n. Odaxothrissa losera (part.), Bouleng. Cat. Afr. Fish. i. p. 160 (1999). Depth of body 44 in the length, length of head 32, Snout longer than diameter of eye, which is 4 in length of head ; maxillary extending to below middle of eye ; canines very strong. Gill-rakers ‘shorter than gill-filaments, 22 or 23 on lower part of anterior arch. 45 scales in a longitudinal series, 14 in a transverse series; ventral scutes 1249. Dorsal 16; origin a little nearer base of caudal than end of snout, immediately behind base of pelvics. Anal 21. Caudal peduncle 14 as long as deep. A well-detined silvery lateral band. Ubanghi River. A single specimen, 110 mm. long, from Banzyville. 2. Odaxothrissa losera. Odaxothrissa losera, Bouleng. Ann. Mus. Congo, Zool. i. 1899, p. 64, pl. xxxi. fig. 1. Depth of body equal to or a little less than length of head, which is 84 in the length of fish. Snout a little longer than diameter of eye, which is 32 to 44 in length of head ; max- illary extending to below anteniet 4 or middle of eye. red gill-rakers on ae part of anterior arch, 44 to 46 scales in a longitudinal, in a transverse series; ventral scutes 11+9. Dorsal ie-17 ; origin equidistant from end of snout and base of caudal, immediately behind base of pelvics. Anal 21-22. Caudal peduncle as long as deep. Lateral band vestigial, Upper Congo. 206 Clupeid Fishes of the Genus Pellonula de. The above description is based on one of the types, a speci- men of 85 mm. from Coquilhatville, and on the figure of the larger type-specimen, 160 mm. long. In the smaller fish the gill-rakers are rather longer than the gill-filaments, but in the larger they are said to be much shorter and to number only 18 on the lower part of the anterior arch ; this may be a m sprint for 28, or possibly in the adult the anterior gill- rakers may be vestigial. 7. STOLOTHRISSA, gen. nov. Mowh formed as in Pellonula, but teeth in jaws quite small and no teeth on palate or tongue. Abdomen in front of pelvic fins rounded, with the scutes but weakly keeled ; scutes behind pelvic fins strongly keeled aud acutely pointed. Vertebra: 44. Stolothrissa tanganice, sp.n. (Fig. 2, 2.) Pellonula miodon (part.), Bouleng. Cat. Afr. Fish. i. p. 157 (1909). Depth of body about 6 in the length, length of head 3 to 4, Snout rather longer than diameter of eye, which is 33 in length of head; maxillary not or barely reaching vertical from anterior margin of eye; lower jaw slightly projecting. 40 to 42 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch. About 45 scales in a longitudinal and 13 in a transverse series ; ventral scutes 13-14+8-9. Dorsal 15; origin nearly equi- distant from end of snout and base of caudal, Anal 17. Pelvics below or a little in advance of middle of dorsal. Lateral band broad. Tanganyika. Four specimens, 80 to 95 mm. in total length, from Vua and Ndanvie. Fig. 2. On Tabanide from Australia &e. 207 8. LIMNOTHRISSA, gen. nov. Maxillary broad throughout its length, its dentigerous margin extending right up to the premaxillary ; latter with quite small teeth, but dentition of lower jaw, palatines, and tongue as in Pellonula. Abdomen in front of pelvic fins rounded, with scutes but> weakly keeled; scutes behind pelvic fins strongly keeled and acutely pointed. Vertebree 44. Limnothrissa miodon. (Fig. 2, 7.) Pellonula miodon (part.), Bouleng. Cat. Afr. Fish. i. p. 157, fig. 125 (1909). Depth of body 44 in the length, length of head 32 to 4. Snout as long as diameter of eye, which is 34 in length of head ; maxillary extending to below anterior } of eye ; lower jaw slightly projecting. 31-to 33 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch. About 45 scales in a longitudinal and 14 in a transverse series; ventral scutes 13-144 10-11. Dorsal 15 ; origin equidistant from end of snout and base of caudal. Anal 16-18. Pelvics below middle or anterior part of dorsal. Lateral band broad. ‘Tanganyika. Four specimens, 100 to 140 mm. in total length, from Ndanvie, Tembwi, and Kasakalewa; also some young examples not included in the description. XV.—New Species of Tabanide from Australia and the Fiji Islands. By Gerrrupe Ricarpo. Tue identification of species and descriptions of new species contained in this paper are from specimens forwarded to Mr. Marshall by Dr. E. W. Ferguson and Dr. J. Burton Cleland. One new species from the Fiji Islands, the type being in the British Museum Coll., is included. The types of all the new species will be presented to the British Museum by the Imperial Institute of Economic Entomology, with the exception of a few species belonging to the South Australian Museum and the National Museum, Victoria; in these cases, paratypes are kept tor the British Museum. 208 Miss G. Ricardo on Tabanides fi om PANGONIND. Diatomineura ruficornis, Macquart, Dipt. Exot., Suppl. i. p- 25 (1846) ; Walker, List Dipt. pt. v., Suppl. 1, p. 142 (1854) ; Ricardo, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) v. p. 113 (1900). Females and males from the summit of Mt. Wellington, Tasmania. I believe these specimens are Macquart’s species, the type of which was examined by me at Lille in 1906, and the following note made of it:—“ Palpt with the first joint short, the second long, flattened at base, broad, ending in a fine point. Subcallus fulvous, forehead darker. Vhorax blackish, with yellowish tomentum ; this describes it better than Macquart’s remarks, the stripes he speaks of consist of pubescence, sides with yellow pubescence ; the other details of his description are correct.” This species is very probably identical with Diatomineura constans, Walker, as suggested by Mr. White. Diatomineura constans, Walker, Dipt. Saund, i. p. 15 (1850); Ricardo, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) v. pp. 118, 118 (1900) ; White, Royal Soc. Tasmania, 1915, pt. ii, Diptera Brachycera of Tasmania, p, 20. Nine females from Waratah, Tasmania (Lea). One female from Hobart (Lea). Diatomineura auriflua, Donovan, Gen. Illustr. Ent. Hym. et Dipt. (1805) [Tabanus]; Wied. Ausszweifl. Ins, 1. p. 194 (1848) (Pangonia) ; Ricardo, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) v. pp: 112,19 (1900); id. (8) xxviaeee (1915) ; White, Royal Soc. Tasmania (1915), pt. i, Diptera Brachycera Tasmania, p. 19. [ Pangonia solida, Wk. ] [ Pangonia dives, Macq. | One male and one female from Mt. Washington, Tasmania (Lea). Two males and one female from Devonport, Tasmania (Lea). Diatomineura brevirostris, Macq. Dipt. Exot., Suppl. iv. p. 826 (1842); Ricardo, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) v, p. 113 (1900) ; id. (8) xvi. p. 29 (1915). Two females from Dorrigo, New South Wales (W. Heron). ~ Australia and the Fiji Islands. 209 Six females from Clarence River, New South Wales (A. & F. R. Zietz). Diatomineura testacea, Macquart, Dipt. Exot. i. p. 103 (1838) ; Walker, List Dipt. pt. v., Suppl. i. p. 145 (1854) ; Ricardo, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) xvi. p. 31 (1915). One female from Cairns District, Queensland (Dodd). Diatomineura abdominalis, 2 , sp. 0. Type (female) and another from Laurieton, New South Wales, 19.10. 15. A species nearly allied to Diatomineura brevirostris, but distinguished from it by the absence of any white or yellow haired spots on abdomen and by the first posterior cell being considerably narrowed at the border, only half open. Length 15 mm. Face, palpi, and antenne as in D. brevirostris. Forehead parallel, also the same; the frontal callus when not denuded appears to be small, pear-shaped. Thorax dresden-brown with short black pubescence, no stripes are visible; shoulders with chiefly yellowish-white hairs continued on sides of thorax as far as the scutellum, but they do not quite reach the apex of scutellum; a faint white spot is visible on each side of thorax near the suture, on the dorsum. Abdomen amber-brown, mottled with blackish markings, smooth, shining, with very short black pubescence; sides with yellowish-white hairs ; apex and sides of posterior segments paler in colour; underside paler with black spots. Legs reddish-yellow ; the tarsi brownish, pubescence chiefly black. Wings clear, stigma yellowish, veins brown, no appendix; first posterior cell narrow at border, but open. Erephopsis maculipennis, Macquart, Dipt. Exot., Suppl. iv. p. 20 (1849) ; Schiner, Reise Novara, Dipt. p. 99 (1868) [| Pangonia|; Ricardo, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) v. p- 106 (1900); id. (8) xvi. p. 23 (1915). A series of specimens from South Australia appear to be this species, judging from Macquart’s description, though there are a few discrepancies ; his type came trom the East Coast of New South Wales. The wings have an appendix and two brown spots, which, however, amount to little more than dark shading on the transverse veins. Abdomen black, at base testaceous, with Ann. & Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 8. Vol. xix. 14 210 Miss G. Ricardo on Tabanidee from . median black spots on the first two segments. Antenne red, palpi with the second joint a little longer than the first, which is blackish; the second one reddish, black at borders, concave and broad, ending in an obtuse point. Erephopsis lasiophthalma, Boisduval, Voyage ‘ Astrolabe,’ Zool. ii. p. 666 (1832) [ Pangonia]; Macquart, Suites & Buffon, i. p. 193 (1834); Walker, List Dipt. Brit. Mus. v. , Suppl. i. p. 139 (1854) ; Ricardo, Aun. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) v. p. 154 (1900). The type was described from Cape Jervis, S. Australia. Erephopsis contigua, W\k., is not identical as Walker stated, Pangonia fuliginense, Boisduval, is from New Guinea ; whether it is the same as JHrephopsis lasiophthalma is doubtful. Three females from Mt. Kosciusko in N.E. Victoria, and two females from Moonbar, New South Wales (Mar- grave) (1915), in Brit. Mus. Coll., belong, I believe, to this © species, auswering to the description by Boisduval. Whether the specimens Macquart placed under this species are identical is doubtful. The wings have one dark band crossing the base of the discal cell and the apices of the basal cells, and the trans- verse veins at fork of third vein and apex of discal cell are shaded ; there is the rudiment of an appendix present; the first posterior cell is narrowed at border, but open. Abdo- men reddish with a black median spot on the first three sezments, then usually darker at the apex. Antenne reddish yellow. Palpi same colour, very short; the second joint not much longer than the first jomt, very concave. Forehead twice as broad anteriorly as it is at the vertex, with dark furrows above, continued to the antenne. Walker’s species has two very distinct dark bands on the wings. 4. maculi- pennis differs in the wings, which are only shaded, and the first Joint of palpi is dark. Erephopsis guttata, Donovan, Llust. Ent. i., Hym. et Dipt. (1806) [| Zabanus]. One female from Queensland. Erephopsis gibbula, Walker, List Dipt. i. p. 140 (1848); Ricardo, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) v. pp. 112, 117 (1900) ; id. (8) xvi. p. 22 (1915). Five females from Warren River, West Australia, Australia and the Fiji Islands. 211 Evrephopsis aureohirta, Ricardo, Ann. & Maz. Nat. Hist. (7) v. pp. 112, 116, pl. i. fig. 10 (1900); id. (8) xvi. p. 23 (1915). Two females from Queensland. Lrephopsis doddi, 2 , sp. n. Type (female) and others from Warren River, West Australia (WW. D. Dodd). The type is in the South Australian Museum. A species with shaded transverse veins on the wings. Abdomen testaceous at base with median black spots and blackish at apex and greyish or reddish segmentations. Antenne blackish. Palpi very small, short, and concave. Legs testaceous and blackish. Length 15 mm. Face reddish, with grey tomentum and long black hairs, some white ones intermixed. Beard yellowish white. Palpi testaceous, the first joint with long black hairs, the second one conical and concave with curved upper border, and a few short black hairs at apex. Antenne black, the first two joints with long black hairs. Forehead reddish brown with grey tomentose sides and with black thick pubescence, broadest anteriorly, being quite a third broader than at vertex; ocelli distinct. Thorar blackish with two narrow, grey, tomentose stripes on anterior half of dorsum ouly; pubescence as in HL. gemina, Walker. Abdomen very similar to this last species, the third segment with a black spot similar to the one on the second segment; hairs on sides chiefly white, black on the third, fourth and fifth segments; underside bright testaceous with a few white hairs. Legs testaceous, but blackish on the upper sides of femora; pubescence black. Wangs with the first posterior cell closed or slightly open. Pelecorrhynehus eristaloides, Walker, List Dipt. Brit. Mus. 1. p- 193 (1848) [Silvius]; Ricardo, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) v. p. 102 (1900) ; White, Royal Soc. Tasmania (1915), pt. 1., Diptera Brachycera, p. 22. One male from Huron River, Tasmania (Lea). Genus Sityivs. Mr. Taylor has lately forwarded me a copy of his paper {Proceedings Linnean Soc. of New S. Wales, 1915, vol. xl. 14* 212 Miss G. Ricardo on Tabanide from pt. 4, Noy. 24th), containing eight new species of this genus, which, with the four new species named by me in the Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) xvi., Oct. 1915, brings the known species occurring in Australia to twenty. Seven new species are now added, which are all distinct from those described by Mr. Taylor, judging from his descriptions. Silvius grandis, 3 , sp. D. Type (female) and another from Fortescue River, Ham- merslev Range, North-West Australia, and another in the Brit. Mus. Coll. from N. Australia (J. R. Elsey), 57.13.4— this latter in bad preservation. The type is in the South Australian Museum. A large dark brown species; antenne, palpi, and legs blackish. Abdomen with white-haired segmentations. Length 15 mm. ‘ Fuce blackish, covered with grey tomentum and with some white hairs. Palpi similar to those of a species of Tabanus; large, black, stout at base, ending in a point. Beard scanty, white. Antenne black, the third joint wide at its base, the first two joints with black hairs. Kyes bare. Forehead narrow, and narrower anteriorly than at vertex; frontal callus narrow, pear-shaped, with long lineal exten- sion; ocelli distinet; traces of golden-coloured pubescence on forehead. Thorax (denuded) blackish brown, some white hairs at sides and on shoulders. Abdomen blackish brown, the segmentations white-haired, the other female has the first and second segments partly yellowish brown; traces of grey tomentum appear on segments ; pubescence on abdo- men black ; underside blackish, with white-haired segmen- tations. Legs blackish brown with black pubescence, the tibiz more reddish brown. Wings greyish, slightly tinged yellowish browu; veins and stigma yellowish; no appendix. Silvius fuscipennis, 2, sp. n. Type (male) from Claudie River, Queensland (7. A. R.). Type (female) from Cape York, N. Queensland (Mac- gillivray). Three females from Claudie River and one female from Cape York. The types are in the Nat. Museum, Victoria. A species apparently belonging to this genus, to be recognized at once by the brown wings with one irregular clear band and two clear spots. Length 13-16 mm. + eR aegis tet Australia and the Fiji Islands. 213 Female.—Face covered with yellowish-grey tomentum and with a few white hairs. Beard white. Palpi fairly stout, reddish yellow or darker in colour, Antenne blackish, the first two joints rather large with black hairs, the third broad at its base. yes bare. Forehead narrow, but a little wider anteriorly, the frontal callus black, club-shaped, with an extension not reaching the vertex ; forehead blackish with yellowish-grey tomentum. Thorax and seutellum blackish brown. Abdomen broad, blackish with narrow reddish- yellow. bands; underside the same, but more reddish brown, Legs blackish. Wings sepia, the pale irregular band crosses the bases of the first submarginal, the first posterior, the discal, the fourth and fifth posterior cells ; there is a sinall clear spot at the base of the fork of the third longitudinal vein, and a larger one on the apex of the discal cell, embr acing the base of the second and third posterior cells ; stigma dark brown ; wing at base somewhat pallid. Io the female from Claudie River the palpi are blackish, the abdomen on the first four segments is yellowish with a black spot in the centre of each segment, the remaining segments blackish with yellow segmentations ; underside yellowish with broad whitish segmentations, darker at apex. Male somewhat different from the female iu the colouring of the abdomen, which has black spots in the centre of each of the first three segments, and the apical segments are entirely black ; pubescence on the yeilow parts yellow, black elsewhere; underside identical. Sides of thorax with bright reddish-yellow hairs, dorsum deep black. Scutellum the same, with black hairs. Wings paler brown than in the female. Silvius nigripennis, 9 , sp. Nn. Type (female) and another female from Claudie River, North Queensland (J. A. Kershaw), 11/12 and 2/13. One female from same place, 28.1. 14. The type is in the National Museum, Victoria. A species rather Tabanus-like in appearance, and very similar to Silvius grandis, sp. u., in all particulars, except the wings; easily distinguished by its almost wholly brown wings and black abdomen with white bands. Length, type, 164 mm., the others 14 and 17 mm. Face flat in centre, covered with grey tomentum and with white pubescence. Palpi black, rather stout on their whole length, ending in a short point. Antenne black, broad at base of third joint, Tabanus-like in shape. Forehead slightly 214 Miss G. Ricardo on Tabanidee from broader anteriorly, about four times as long as it is broad, covered with grey tomentum; frontal callus brown, pear- shaped, with short lineal extension; pubescence scanty, white ; ocelli distinct. Thorax blackish, covered with grey tomentum ; pubescence black, with some appressed white hairs. Scutellwm same colour. Abdomen black with black pubescence ; bands of white hairs on posterior borders of the first four segments, not reaching the middle of segment ; underside black with three complete white bands. Legs black with black pubescence. Wings dark brown, pale at the extreme apex, with a clear streak below the stigma, and the extreme edge of the posterior border of wing also pale. Silvius fergusoni, 9, sp. u. Type (female) from Nelson Island, Hawkesbury River, New South Wales, 26.2. 16. This handsome species, named after the donor, is nearly allied to Silvius nigripennis, sp. n., from the northern part of Australia ; but is distinguished by the pale base of wing. These two species, together with Silvius grandis, sp. u., form a group unlike the typical forms by their larger size and dark abdomens marked with paler segmentations, and by their coloured wings. This species measures 17 mm. Face covered with light ashy-grey tomentum and with some silvery-white hairs in centre of face, and longer, more numerous ones in the furrows between the face and the cheeks, joiming the beard of same colour. Palpi blackish, with some ashy-grey tomentum, and short dark hairs; they are large and stout with au obtuse point. Antenne black, the first two joints with black hairs, the third large and wide at the base with a distinct angle. Subcallus same colour as face. Forehead same colour, narrow, parallel, about six times as long as it is broad anteriorly; the frontal callus black, shining, not reaching the eyes, pear-shaped, with a long stout lineal extension reaching the ocelli. Thorax \lackish brown, somewlrat shining, with two grey tomentose stripes and grey at sides; pubescence chiefly black; some white hairs on the stripes; pubescence on shoulders long, black, with tufts of white hairs at base of wings. Scutellum the same colour. Abdomen blackish brown, the first two segments with broad grey tomentose bands, which are represented on the remaining segments only at the sides ; ; these bands have white hairs, thickest at oe i Australia and the Fiji Islands. 215 the sides, pubescence elsewhere black ; underside is iden- tical, but the grey bands are present on every segment for their whole width. Legs black, the fore coxz with whitish tomentum and pubescence. Wings blackish brown, darkest on the fore border in the submarginal cells, becoming paler at apex and on posterior border, and almost clear in the basal, anal, and axillary cells ; stigma blackish ; veins brown. gets distinguished from Silvius nigripennis by the pale base of wing, and by the shape of the frontal callus and forehead. Silvius niger, 2, sp. 0. Type (female) from Helensburgh, New South Wales, 9.3.15. Was resting on branch of low shrub; when dis- turbed it circled round my head, evidently seeking to bite (ZL. W. F.). A small robust black species, with a broad abdomen and clear wings. Eyes slightly pubescent. Antenne and palpi dull reddish yellow. Legs blackish. Length 1] mm. Face covered with brownish tomentum, paler on cheeks, and with some dark hairs in the centre; on the cheeks™ they are much thicker and long, increasing in length as they attain the bases of cheeks. Beard same colour. Palpi reddish yellow, curved on their upper edges, which are clothed with a distinct fringe of black hairs, the lower edges have a similar fringe; they are somewhat stout at base, ending in an obtuse point. Antenne rather a darker shade than the palpi, the first two joints with black hairs, the third jot with a very few at the base and on the extreme tip; the tooth represented by an obtuse angle. Forehead same colour as face, with black pubescence, parallel ; the frontal callus dark brown, very narrow, keel- likes Ocelli very distinct. Thorax sepia, with two broad grey tomentose stripes and grey sides; a few scattered white hairs on dorsum ; long black hairs on the grey tomentose shoulders. Seutellum a little darker. Abdomen blackish, grey tomentum on the first segment; on the second, third, and fourth segments appear short white hairs on the sides and in the middle, not, however, joining each other to form a baud; pubescence elsewhere black; segmentations with traces of grey tomentum ; underside black with very narrow white-haired segmentations. Legs black; knees reddish yellow, the tibiz obscurely so; pubescence black. Wings clear, veins yellowish brown, stigma yellowish. 216 Miss G. Ricardo on Tabanidee from Silvius montanus, 2? , sp. 0. Type (female) and another from Mt. Tambourine, Queensland (4. M. Lea). The type is in the South Australian Museum. A blackish-brown species with yellowish segmentations on abdomen and traces of median yellow spots. Antenne reddish yellow. Legs blackish brown, some of the tibie yellowish. Length 10 mm. Face covered with greyish tomentum and with yellowish tomentum near the eyes; pubescence consists of long blackish hairs. Beard whitish. Palpi stout, covered with grey to- mentum and with black pubescence, yellowish at extreme base. Antenne with the first joint greyish, covered with black hairs, the second yellow with black hairs, the third reddish brown, apex black. Forehead broader anteriorly, covered with yellowish-brown tomentum, brown in the centre ; the froutal callus elongate, apparently broader near the vertex; forehead covered with black hairs; ocelli distinct. Eyes bare. Thorax reddish brown with two grey stripes, most distinct anteriorly, covered with greyish-yellow hairs and with black pubescence intermixed, and longer black hairs at sides. Scutellum brown, with black hairs. Adbdo- men brown; the segmentations widely pale yellow, with white hairs, which form median spots ; pubescence black ; hairs at sides chiefly white ; underside blackish, with white- haired bands. Legs blackish, the fore and mid tibiz ob- scurely yellowish, the hind tibie reddish brown ; pubescence on legs black. Wings greyish, the transverse veins shaded, the other ones faintly shaded; no appendix ; stigma yel- lowish ; veins brown. Silvius insularis, 3? , sp. 0D. Type (female) and another from Bathurst Island, N. Territory. The type is in the South Australian Museum. A small narrow blackish-brown species, with a greyish tomentose stripe on abdomen ; legs pale yellow, the femora darker. Palpi long, narrow, with truncated tips. Length 10 mm. Face reddish, covered with grey tomentum, and with some short white hairs. Palpi yellowish, with black hairs. An- tenneé yellowish, the first two joints with black hairs, the third wide at its base. Forehead almost parallel; frontal Australia and the Fiji Islands. D7 callus blackish, quadrate, reaching the eyes, with a lineal extension, covered with grey tomentum. Ocelli distinct. Thorax and scutellum reddish brown, with white short pubescence and some grey tomentum anteriorly on thorax. Abdomen blackish brown, with a broad median stripe of grey tomentum and grey segmentations, and scattered white hairs on stripe and segmentations; underside dark, with grey segmentations. Legs with some brown colour on the femora and on apices of tibiz and tarsi ; pubescence white, with some black on tibiz and tarsi. Wings clear, veins yellowish. Silvius indistinctus, Ricardo, Aun. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) xvi. p- 262 (1915). Two females from Melville Island, N. Australia (W. D. Doda). Five females from Bathurst Island, Northern Territory. One female from Coen River, Cape York Peninsula, N. Australia (W. D. Dodd). Ectenopsis australis, 8 2, sp. n. Male (type) from Milson Island, Hawkesbury River. This type is not in the Brit. Mus. Coll. Female (type) from Sydney (C. Gilbons), 16.12.14. A species nearly allied to Ectenopsis vulpecula, Wied., but distinguished from it by the very distinct stripes on thorax and by the darker, not uniform, colour of abdomen and of the face. The legs, which, however, appear to be variable in colouring in the typical species, are here reddish yellow ; the tarsi dusky. Female.—Face aud forehead chamois-coloured, with some grey tomentum. dntenne with the first two joints pale reddish yellow with black hairs, the third joint with the first division raw-sienna in colour, the next two divisions dusky with grey tomentum, and the remainder blackish. Thorax covered with yellowish-grey tomentum, with a narrow median brown mahogany stripe, becoming broader beyond the suture, and a broad one of the same colour at each side. Seutellum uniform brown mahogany-colour. Abdomen the same colour, with paler grey tomentose seg- mentations, developing on the second, third, and fourth segments into triangular median spots ; underside almost a uniformin paler shade. Appendix ef wing long. The male is similar, but the triangular median pale spots 218 Miss G. Ricardo on Tabanide from ‘of abdomen are absent. Legs duskier. The following note on the eves of the male is furnished by the collector :— “Eves brilliant green, with reddish-brown lines across at lower third; lines sharply defined below, fading above ; ~ similar line round whole eye. Eyes appear reddish brown in some lights.” TABANUS. Group LV. , Tabanus angusticallus, 2, sp. n. Type (female) and another from Melville Island, N. Aus- tralia (W. D. Dodd). The type is in the South Australian Museum. A small greyish-brown species, which may be included in Group IV., as the frontal callus is only represented by a very small black line. Antenne and legs reddish yellow. Length 74 mm. (type) ; the other female 93 mm. Face and pas ot covered with yellowish-grey tomentum ; pubescence on face consists of a few white hairs and longer brown hairs below and on cheeks. Palpi long and narrow, hardly inerassate at base, yellow, with short black puhes- cence. Beard consists of white hairs below and brown above. Antenne bright red-yellow, the two first joints pale yellow with black hairs, the third joint very broad at base, with a few black hairs at angle. Forehead parallel, about five times as long as it is broad, with some black pubescence. Eyes bare. Thorax, scutellum, and abdomen the same colour, blackish brown, with grey tomentum, and with short black pubescence; a few yellowish hairs at base of thorax, segmeutations of abdomen narrowly pale; under- side with wider vellow segmentations and white pubescence. Legs yellow, with black pubescence. Wings clear, grey; veins and stigma very pale yellow; long appendix present. Tabanus nemotuberculatus, Ricardo, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) xiv. p. 888 (1915). Three females from Cape York. Oue female from Claudie River, N. Queensland. Labanus nemopunctatus, Ricardo, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) xiv. p. 888 (1915). A series of females from Ycelanna, S. Australia, appear q | . e | * Australia and the Fiji Islands. 219 to belong to this species, though the type came from Queensland. These females have a broader forehead, wider anteriorly, whereas in the type it is parallel. Group VII. Tabanus stranymanni, ¢ , Ricardo, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) xiv. p. 393 (1914). One male from Cairns District (W. D. Dodd). Tabanus rufinotatus, Bigot, Mém. Soc. Zool. de France, v. p. 673 (1892) (Atylotus) ; Ricardo, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) xiv. p. 892 (1914). A series of females from Melville island, N. Territory. Tabanus pseudoardens, Taylor, Austr. Inst. Trop. Med. 1911, p- 66, pl. xiv. fig. 18 (1913) ; Austen, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) xii. p. 265 (1914) ; Ricardo, ibid. (3) Xiv. p. 272 (1915). A series of females from Cairns District, Queensland. Group VIII. Tabanus victoriensis, Ricardo, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) Xly. p. 275 (1915). Females from Mt. Tambourine, S. Queensland. Group IX. Tabanus macquarti, Ricardo, Aun. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) Xlv. p. 277 (1915). [Zabanus limbatinervis, Macq. Dipt. Exot., Suppl. iv. p. 883 (1852). | A series of females from Cairns District, Queensland. Tabanus neogermanicus, Ricardo, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) Sv. p- eee (1915). A series of females from Melville Island, S. Queensland. Tabanus clavicallosus, 9, sp. n. Type (female) from Milson Island, New South Wales, 10. 1.15; other females from the same locality, and one female from Sydney. (‘Eyes of a dull brown colour when alive ”; note by cvllector. ) 220 Miss G. Ricardo on Tabanidee from The type is in the South Australian Museum. A small species allied to Tabanus neogermanicus, Ricardo, but differing in the darker colour of the abdomen, and in the shape of the frontal callus which is rather distinctive for this species. Length 11-12 mm. Face covered with yellowish-grey tomentum, almost devoid of pubescence. Beard composed of sparse white hairs. Palpi long and slender, pale yellow, a little stouter on the basal half, ending in a long point; ‘pubescence on the first long, white, on the second joint short and black. Antenne bright reddish yellow, dusky at the tips, the first two joints with black pubescence, the third not very wide at its base, with a shght tooth. Forehead and subcallus darker than the face, the latter often appearing reddish through the tomentum; the forehead with black short hairs beyond the frontal caine which is blackish brown, not reaching the eyes; large and club-shaped, ending in a very short point, which is, however, drawn out on some of the specimens ; the whole callus is long, olten attaining half the length of the forehead, which is ‘about four times as long as it is broad and is the same width throughout. Thoraw blackish, covered with yellowish-grey tomentum and with appressed pale fulvous hairs ; pubescence on the reddish shoulders black, some white hairs at sides at base of wings. Scutellum identical. Abdomen blackish brown ; posterior. halves of the segments with greyish tomentose bands, extending in the middle as indistinct median spots, most discernible on the second to the fifth segments; some very short white pubescence is present on the segmentations and is longer at the sides. Legs blackish; the femora with some grey tomentum, and at their apices reddish yellow, or almost wholly so; the tibiz reddish yellow, dusky at their apices. Wings clear, stigma yellowish brown, veins brown; a short appendix present. Dr. Ferguson states that this is a common sp¢cies. Tabanus milsonis, 2 , sp. 0. Type (female) and another from Milson Island, New South Wales. (‘Occurs on the cattle, but is rare and hard — to catch ”’: note by collector.) A medium-sized species, blackish brown, with yellow palpi and blackish antenne. Legs dusky in colouring. — Abdomen with grey tomentose bands and spots. Wings © with an appendix. Australia and the Fiji Islands. 921 Length 16 mm. Face covered with pale tomentum and some white short hairs. Beard white. Palpi pale yellow, swollen on their basal half, ending in a point which is about equal in length to the basal half, some grey tomentum on this latter; pubes- cence black, white below. Antenne blackish, the first two joints reddish, the third joint broad at its base. Forehead parallel, about five times as long as it is broad ; the frontal callus chestnut-coloured, oblong, not reaching the eyes, with a lineal extension; forehead darker than face, with black hairs. Thorax blackish brown, with two narrow grey tomen- tose stripes and grey at the sides. Scutellum identical. Abdomen blackish brown with broad grey tomentose bands, extending into blunt triangular spots in the middle; the ground-colour under the tomentum often appears reddish, and the sides are reddish yellow ; pubescence on segmenta- tions white, and on sides, elsewhere biack mixed with the white at sides, and rather long and abundant at sides; underside reddish brown with grey tomentum. Legs dusky in appearance, the femora with grey tomentum, the tric obscurely reddish; pubescence chiefly black, some white hairs on the femora and long ones on their under sides. Wings large, clear ; veins blackish brown, with an appendix ; stigma yellowish. Group X. Tabanus mgritarsis, Taylor, Report Austr. Inst. Tropical Medicine, 1911, p. 18 (1918); Ricardo, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) xiv. p. 288 (1915). Two females from Northern Territory. Tabanus sanguinarius, Bigot, Mém. Soc. Zool. de France, v. p. 675 (1892) [ Atylotus]; Ricardo, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) xiv. p. 287 (1915). Series of females from Mt. Tambourine, S. Queensland. Tabanus kershawi, ? , sp. n. Type (female) and another from Claudie River, N. Queens- land (J. A. Kershaw), 11/12 and 13.2. 14. The type is in the National Museum, Victoria. A small black species, at once distinguished by the pale tibize and the reddish-yellow antenne. Length 10 mm. 222 Miss G. Ricardo on Tabanidee from Face black, with some brown tomentum and black hairs. Palpi blackish, very stout, ending in a very short point ; pubescence bl: ick. ’ Beard black. Antenne reddish yellow, with a very small angle on the third joint ; some black hairs on the first two joints; Subcallus shining black. Forehead a third narrower anteriorly, about eight times as long | as it is broad anteriorly, covered with grey and brown tomentum ; frontal callus small, oblong, reaching the eyes, with a lineal extension. yes bare, with traces of three stripes. Thorax, scutellum, and abdomen blackish with some few appressed grey hairs on thorax and scutellum, and on segmentations of abdomen; pubescence at sides black. Legs black, the fore tibie whitish, darker at extreme apex, the middle tibie and the hind pair wholly whitish; fore tarsi black, the others almost wholly whitish. Wings clear, | veins and stigma yellow; no appendix. Group XI. Subgenus TuHeriopLectes. Species with pubescence on the eyes. Tabanus regis georgti, Macquart, Dipt. Exot. 1. p. 132 (1838); Ricardo, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) xvi. p- 276 (1915). One female from S. Australia (Rev. A, P. Burgess). (“ Eyes in this species are dull-coloured”’: note by the collector.) Labanus circumdatus, Walker, List Dipt. i. p. 185 (1848) ; ticardo, Aun. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) xiv. p. 280 (1915); White, Royal Soc. Tasmania, 1915, pt. i. p-. 14. (Tabanus nepos, W\k.; abstersus, Wik. ; brevidentatus, — Macq. ; and hebes, Wik., are all synonyms of this species.) A series of females from Yeelanna, 8. Australia, aud from ~ Swansea, ‘Tasmania. | Tabanus cirrus, 2 ; sp. 2. Female (type) from Milson Island, Hawkesbury River, New South Wales. : i A stout, medium-sized, black species, distinguished by the Australia and the Fiji Islands. 233 tufts of white hairs on the thorax at base of wing and by the white-haired fringe of scutellum. Length 15 mm. Face covered with ashy-grey tomentum and in the centre with long, fairly dense, white hairs. Beard white. Palpi yellowish with grey tomentum, stout at base, ending in a rather short point; the pubescence scanty, chiefly pale. Antenne dusky, the first two joints with black hairs. Eyes very distinctly pubescent. Forehead broad, about three times as long as it is broad anteriorly, where it is distinctly wider than at vertex; forehead and subcallus a Itttle darker than face ; frontal calius bare, protuberant, almost reaching the eyes, pear-shaped, with a short lineal extension, pitchy- brown in colour; pubescence on forehead black. Thorax blackish brown, with two grey tomentose stripes and another on each side below the suture ; shoulders reddish with black hairs; a tuft of white hairs below base of wings, and ancther continued to the scutellum; pubescence on dorsum black. Scutellum blackish brown, fringed with white hairs on its posterior border. Abdomen blackish brown, with broad greyish-white tomentose segmentations and traces of white hairs on them, which are distinct on the side edges of the segments ; pubescence elsewhere on dorsum black. Legs black, the fore coxz covered with ashy-grey tomentum and with white hairs; the tibiz reddish yellow, black at their apices; femora and tibiz with chiefly white pubescence. Wings clear, veins blackish; an appendix present; stigma brownish. Tubanus neocirrus, 2 , sp. n. Type (female) from Swansea, Tasmania (Zea), and another female from 8. Australia. The type is in the South Australian Museum. A black species with whitish spots and segmentations on the abdomen ; smaller than Tabanus cirrus, sp. n. Length, type, 12 mm.; the other female 10 mm. It differs from Tabanus cirrus in the following — par- - ticulars :—Palpi slender, the long point nearly as long as the slightly incrassate basal part, covered with white pubescence. Third joint of antenne broad at base. Pubes- cence on thorax black with many white hairs, which are long anteriorly and shorter posteriorly. Abdomen with a distinct stripe composed of white-haired. median spots ; segmentations also white-haired, thickest at the sides. 224 On Tabanide from Australia de. Tabanus postponens, Walker, List Dipt. i. p. 179 (1848); Ricardo, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) xvi. p. 282 (1915). Males and females from South Australia. The femora are sometimes dark. Tabanus pacificus, 2, sp. n. Type (female) and another female from Suva, Fiji Islands, 30. vi. 1910 and xii. 1910 (Dr. P. H. Bahr). Presented by London School Tropical Medicine. For list of species from these islands and surrounding region, see Ricardo, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) xiii. p. 476 (1914). A narrow-bodied dull-coloured species; palpi slender, blackish. Antenne dull reddish yellow. Forehead narrow. Legs dull yellowish and brown. . Length 12 mm. Face covered with tawny tomentum. Beard scanty, brownish. Pa/lp? long and slender, almost the same width throughout; blackish with some gfeyish tomentum and a few black hairs. Antenne tawny, the first two joints yel- lowish with black hairs, the third joint with a small but distinct tooth on its first division at base, clothed at tip with some black hairs; the next three divisions are equal in length, yellowish, the last one dusky and nearly as long as the three preceding ones together. Forehead narrow, slightly narrower anteriorly, about six times as long as it is broad anteriorly ; frontal callus shining dark chestnut- brown, oblong, reaching the eyes, with a long, stout, lineal extension reaching nearly to the vertex. Thorax mummy- brown, with some traces of grey tomentum and seme yellowish short hairs, but chiefly black ones, on the dorsum, Scutellum the same colour with black pubescence. Abdomen mummy-brown, appearing darker by reason of the rather thick, short, black pubescence; there are small, whitish, yellow-haired, median spots on each segment except the Jast two, and indistinct, narrow, grey segmentations, not visible on the apical segments, and almost absent on the other female; underside with white-haired segmentations and no spots. Legs mummy-brown, the femora yellowish, — pubescence on legs black. Wings grey, faintly tinged brown ~ on fore-border and on cross-veins; stigma and veins brown; appendix present, but very short. aan On new Species of Hee natopota from India. 225 XVI.—New Species of Hematopota from India, By Gerrrupe Ricarpo. TuHeEse species were handed to me for identification by the Imperial Bureau of Economic Entomology, the types to be given to the British Museum Collection. Hematopota montanus, 2 , sp. 0. Type (female) and another from Bababuddin Hills, Mysore, 4700 ft., vi. 1915 (Ramakreshna Coll.). A small species allied to Hematopota latifascia, Ricardo (‘ Records Indian Museum,’ iy. p. 355, 1911), having one broad band extending across the apex of wing, but dis- tinguished from it by the absence of a black band on the face. Length of type 8 mm.; the other female 10 mm. Face covered with grey tomentum and with small dark brown spots on the upper part, in the other female there is a trace of a black band on the lower edge; there is also a dark spot between the antennz ; hairs on face scanty, white. Palpi pale yellow with black hairs. Antenne long and slender; the first joint as long as the first annulation of the third joint, only slightly incrassate, yellow with black pubescence ; the second one very small, blackish; the third yellowish at base, then dusky ; slender throughout. Fore- fiead same colour as face; the frontal callus blackish brown, reaching the eyes, straight on both borders; the paired spots the same colour, touching the eyes, but not the band; some black pubescence on forehead. Thorax yellowish brown with appressed yellow hairs and some black ones; scutellum same colour with black hairs. Abdomen mummy-brown, with pale yellow segmentations and an obscure pale median stripe; pubescence black, some yellow hairs at apex ; under- side paler. Legs yellowish with blackish-brown rings ; fore femora rather dusky and the others dusky at their apices ; tibize at base and apex blackish and a black ring in middle, the fore tibiz white at base, fore tarsi wholly black, on the other tarsi the basal joint is pale yellow; pubescence on dark parts black, on the pale parts white; fore tibiz in- crassate. Wings with the usual rosettes; the apical band starts from the junction of the first vein with the border and attains the posterior border, it is ratier sinuous on both borders; on the posterior border pale spots are present in every cell; veins and stigma brown. Ann. & Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 8. Vol. xix. 15 226 Mr. C. 'T. Regan on the Hematopota hindostani, 3, sp. n. Type (female) and two other females from Bababuddin Hills, Mysore, 4700 ft., vi. 1915 (Ramakrishna Coll.). A species in the same group as H. montanus, sp. n., but rather allied to H. assamensis in the wing having a single band at apex, not reaching the border; face with a black hand; palpi rather stout and short, pubesceuce on them and on face rather thick. Length 8 mm. Face covered with grey tomentum and with some white hairs, and a black band on upper part of face. Palpi covered with grey tomentum and with thick black pubes- cence ; some white hairs on the first joint below. Antenne dull reddish, the third joint dusky at apex, the first joint rather stout, shining, with black hairs, the second one very small, same colour, the third a little broader at base, the first joint longer than the first annulation of third joint. Forehead black, covered with brownish tomentum. Frontal callus black, shining, reaching the eyes, with a straight border and a black spot between the antenne. Thorax mummy-brown, with three pale stripes anteriorly, the side ones ending in a pale spot at the suture and there is another pale stripe posteriorly at the sides; pubescence chiefly consists of pale appressed hairs; scutellum same as thorax. Abdomen same colour as thorax, with pale yellow segmen- tations and a pale median stripe; pubescence almost nil; underside yellowish. Legs yellowish with darker rings; apices of femora and the tarsi dark. Wings with the usual rosettes, the apical band short, not reaching far beyond the fork of third vein; sometimes a pale spot is visible on border, but never joining the band; veins and stigma brown. XVII.—The Fishes of the Genus Clupea. By C. Tate Reean, M.A. (Published by permission of the Trustees of the British Museum.) In a preliminary arrangement of the Clupeoid fishes in the collection of the Natural History Museum, I had put together examples of Clupea arcuata, Jenyns, aud specimens received ‘from New Zealand as Clupea antipodum, Hector, as be- longing to a genus distinct from Clupea ; on going through Fishes of the Genus Clupea. 227 the material a second time I find that such a genus cainot be maintained, and that Clupea must be enlarged by the addition of C. arcuata and the closely related C. me/anostoma as well as by the species generally known as C. antipodum, but here called C. muel/erz, Klunz., since reference to the original description shows that the name C. antipodum should be given to the species recently described by meas C. holodon. The synopsis given in my former paper (Ann. & Mag, Nat. Hist. (8) xviii. 1916, p. 3) may be modified to include the three additional species. I. Pelvic fins 9- (rarely 8- or 10-) rayed; vomer toothed. D, 17-20. A. 14-20. Vertebre 50-59. 40 to 51 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch. (Northern species.) Memeralscutes all keeled... ..5 wa a «dies «na ven 1. harengus. Ventral scutes in front of pelvic fins not keeled .. 2. pallasit. II. Pelvic fins 8-rayed. D. 15-i9. SE. Williamsoniella coronata. Dr. Stopes exhibited slides of microphotographs of the stem and leaf-base anatomy of the group, including some unpublished de- tails of Bennettites maximus. The roots of the group have hitherto been entirely unknown, and a slide was exhibited for the first time showing rootlets penetrating the leaf-bases of a petrified specimen (represented by a section in the Geological Department of the British Museum—Natural History). These roots probably belong to B. saxbyanus: they are covered with wonderfully petrified root-hairs, running uncollapsed through the silica matrix. They raise interesting questions concerning the possible chemical con- ditions of the infiltration of the silica. Illustrations were also exhibited of the famous complex ‘flower’ and cone-structures, and of Wieland’s brilliant restorations of the same. Microphotographic slides were exhibited of the seed-cone of an interesting unpublished new species from the British Gault. This is beautifully petrified, and adds to our knowledge of the finer anatomy of the seeds and associated Structures. It is also the largest cone of the Bennettitales yet known, though it occurs in the Gault, by which time the group appears to have begun rapidly to die out. The following table indicates the distribution of a few of the most interesting representatives of the Bennetti- tales (including the cohorts Bennettitew and William- sonez) :— Upper Creracreous. Very fragmentary and uncertain records; apparently the group is nearly or quite extinct. MrippLe CreTacrous; The new large-sized seed-cone. Gault. B. morierei 2 (? described originally from the Jurassic). Lower Cretaceous; Well-petrified trunks with fructifications. Lower Greensand. B. gibsonianus (type-species of the Bennettitez),. B. maximus. \ Throughout Potton Sands. Trunks, e.g. Colymbetes edwardsi. these periods Mabe in America, Wealden. Trunks (casts and petrifactions),| trynk-remains foliage, very abun- B. saxbyanus. dant, often ; , petrified and Jurassic; Purbeck. Trunks (casts and semi-petrifac- | with fructifica- tions). ri f 4 tions, parti- Buckland’s original Cycadeoidea cularly from the _Spp- Black Hills, C. gigantea. South Dakota, Geological Society. 295 Oolites. Trunks, pith-casts, etc. Much | and Maryland. foliage of various types. Wil- 0. jenneyana, liamsonia gigas and other fruit- | C. gens, impressions. ) C. wielandi, ete. W. scotica. ‘ ; 4 Williamsoniella coronata. Rich impressions in Mexico of William- Lias. Foliage and Williamsonia sonia and many fruits (India). foliage genera. Rhetic. Wielandiella angustifolia and foliage. The group is by far the most characteristic of all the plants of the Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous, during which periods its distribution was almost world-wide. It was locally, if not univer- sally, dominant, and was the most highly evolved plant-group of the epoch of which we are cognizant. Three chief points of interest are to be noted in the geological distribution of these plants: (a) that the most numerous highly- specialized trunks reach their maximum in the Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous Periods, when their distribution was practically world- wide; (6) that the oldest and therefore presumably the most primitive type, Wcelandiella, is externally less like the living cycads than the commoner later forms, while these latter are utterly unlike the living genera in their fructifications; (¢) that the geologically youngest cone is the largest yet discovered, occurring in the Gault when the extinction of the group appears already to have set in. Contrary to what might have been anticipated from their external likeness to the living Cycads, coupled with their great geological age, the fossil ‘ Cycads’ are much more complex and on a higher level of evolution than the living group. It seems to the Author to be extremely unlikefy that the fossil and the living forms have any direct phylogenetic connexion nearer than a remote, unknown, common ancestor. The mooted connexion between the fossil ‘ Cycads’ and the Angiosperms is highly suggestive, but lacks data for its establishment. A short discussion followed, and the thanks of the Fellows present were accorded to Dr. Stopes for her lecture. January 10th, 1917.—Dr. Alfred Harker, F.R.S., President, in the Chair. The following communication was read :— ‘ Balston Expedition to Peru: Report on Graptolites collected by Capt. J. A. Douglas, R.E., F.G.S.2. By Charles Lapworth, LL.D., M.Se., F.R.S., F.G.S. The specimens of graptolites were collected from the rocks of the Inambari district in Peru by Capt. Douglas, under whose name 296 Geological Society. the collection has been placed in the Geological Department of the University Museum, Oxford. These fossils were forwarded by Prof. W. J. Sollas to Prof. C. Lapworth, who embodied the results of his study in a Report, of which the following is a brief abstract. The specimens are recorded as all occurring in the same locality, but it is not known whether they were obtained froma single zone. The majority of the rock-specimens in which the graptolites occur are black and somewhat pyritous carbonaceous shales, usually well bedded and uncleaved, and the graptolites are in general well preserved. The lithology of the containing rocks and the mode of preservation of the graptolites are similar to those obtaining in the richest graptolite-bearing strata of Britain, Europe, and North America. The forms apparently represented in the collection are Logano- graptus logani Hall, a new species of Gontograptus (7), Didymo- graptus stabilis Elles & Wood and D. bifidus Hall, Phyllograptus angustifolius Hall, Glossograptus acanthus Elles & Wood, Crypto- graptus tricorn ts Hall, var., Amplexograptus confertus Lapworth, and A. celatus Lapworth. Taken as a whole, this graptolite fauna may best be compared with that of the Upper Arenig formation of Britain and its North- American equivalents, answering to the Lower Llanvirnian of Hicks & Marr and the Didymograptus-bifidus Zone of Elles & Wood and H.M. Geological Survey. The assemblage of graptolites discovered in Bolivia a few years ago by Dr. J. W. Evans corresponds very closely with this Peruvian fauna, and was probably derived from the southward continuation of the same Andean graptolite-band. The Peruvian forms in the Douglas collection, like those from Bolivia, admit almost as close a parallelism with those of the Arenig-Llandeilo graptolite-beds * of Australia and New Zealand as with their representatives in the Northern Hemisphere. Not only is the Douglas Collection of Peruvian graptolites instructive and valuable from the paleontological point of view, owing to the number and the good state of preservation of the species represented, but it is of especial interest from the palwxo- graphical aspect, as affording additional proof of the identity (in general facies) of the graptolite fauna of the sea-waters of Lower Ordovician times in those regions of the globe which are now oceupied by some of the dry lands of Britain, Eastern North America, Peru, Bolivia, Victoria, and New Zealand. Thus it greatly strengthens the inference that in Arenig-Llandeilo times there was open-sea communication admitting of the circulation of sea- currents along some as yet undetermined line or lines, connecting the above-mentioned regions, which must have extended across the Equator and apparently throughout a length nearly equal to that of half the circumference of the globe. PEA Ati nie sie ae “77 , fee, ANNALS MAGAZINE OF NATURAL HISTORY. [EIGHTH SERIES.] No. 112. APRIL 1917. XXVIL—A Revision of the Clupesid Fishes of the Genera Pomolobus, Brevoortia and Dorosoma, and their Allies. By C. Tate Recan, M.A. (Published by permission of the Trustees of the British Museum.) THE genera dealt with in this revision are the Clupeinz with a distinct notch in the middle of the upper jaw ; these have usually been placed in two distinct groups—those with terminal mouth and the last dorsal ray not prolonged being associated with Clupea, and the others, with inferior mouth or last dorsal ray prolonged, forming a group apart (Chato- essine of Giinther, Dorosomatide of modern authors) ; in my judgment this is quite an artificial arrangement. All these fishes appear either to be migratory, entering rivers to spawn in fresh or brackish water*, or are permanently fluviatile (e. g., Gudusia, Signalosa). Synopsis of the Genera, I, Gill-rakers of epibranchial of first arch folding downwards, those near the angle overlapping the gill-rakers of the ceratobranchiual. A. Scales with edges entire or feebly serrated ; normal scales from occiput to dorsal fin; pelvic fins 9-rayed; operculum with radiating grooves. Teeth on vomer and palatines (rarely deciduous i AGUA en Bee SHO no nuie's «ona ea as hee 1. Caspialosa. * The breeding-habits of Ethmidium and Ethmalosa are unknown to me. Ann, & Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 8. Vol. xix, 20 298 Mr. C. T. Regan on the Clupeoid Fishes Palate toothless; lower jaw not prominent, its tip included .., 00.255. ey eee oak oe 2. Alosa. Palate toothless; lower jaw projecting ........ 3. Pomolobus. B. Scales with edges serrated in young, pectinated in adults ; pelvic fins 7-rayed. A well-detined series of pectinated scales on each side of middle line from occiput to dorsal fin; operculum striated or nearly smooth .. 4. Brevoortia. A median series of scutes from occiput to dorsal fin ; operculum smooth or very feeblystriated. 5. Ethmidium. II. Gill-rakers of epibranchial of first arch not folding downwards over those of ceratobranchial ; pelvic fins 8-rayed; operculum smooth. A. Edge of dentary not reflected outwards in front of maxillary. 1. Last dorsal ray not prolonged. Upper gill-rakers of first and second arches and all of succeeding arches bent or expanded, T-shaped or triangular in section .......... 6. Ethmalosa. Gill-rakers normal: scales large, 40-50/13-20 .. 7. Hilsa. Gill-rakers normal ; scales small, 75-100/27-34 . 8. Gudusia. 2. Last dorsal ray prolonged into a filament. Mouth terminal or subterminal; maxillary nor- mal, with one supramaxillary ............ 9. Clupanodon. Mouth terminal; maxillary normal, with two BUPLAMMARCUGTIES soi sew nine a ste pe Ate oie 10. Srgnalosa. Mouth subterminal or inferior; maxillary slender, with one supramaxillary ............ ..++ Ll. Dorosoma. B. Edge of dentary reflected outwards in front of extremity of maxillary ; mouth toothless, subterminal or inferior, transverse, its cleft forming an angle: one supramaxillary. Maxillary slender, distally slightly expanded and curved downwards; last dorsal ray produced INCOR MULAENONIE: +, yp. sh Giseaca> Wie Peel dees ri 12. Nematalosa. Maxillary slender, distally slightly expanded and curved downwards ; last dorsal ray not pro- duced hae Le ee a draugs seats ecto & Gar erneere 13. Gonialosa. Maxillary a straight, thin, transversely expanded lamina, tapering distally ; last dorsal ray not PTOGMEOG yess auc segs Fs aD ye Pt ria tii ap 14. Anodontostoma. 1. CaspraLosa, Berg, 1915. Clupeonella (non Kessler), Berg, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) xi. 1913, p- 472. . Caspialosa, Berg, Poiss. de l’eau douce de la Russie, p. 22 (1916). Differs from Alosa in having three patches of teeth on the palate, borne by the vomer and palatine bones; but in large examples of C. caspia I find that the palate is toothless. Black and Caspian Seas. Berg recognizes thirteen species of this genus. of the Genera Pomolobus, Brevoortia, &c. 299 2. ALosa, Cuv. 1829. Régne Animal, ed. 2, ii. p. 319; Regan, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) xviii. 1916, p. 6. North Atlantic and Mediterranean. In my revision five species and six subspecies were recognized, 3. PomoLosus, Rafin. 1820. Ichth. Ohiensis, p. 38; Jord. & Everm. Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. xlvii. 1896, p. 424. Distinguished from Alosa by the prominent lower jaw, with its tip not included. Western North Atlantic. Synopsis of the Species. I. Lower jaw strongly projecting ; 20 to 25 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch. Anterior teeth persistent; maxillary extending to below posterior part of eye; caudal peduncle | FEES GG G7) RY 2 ee a de cn eg 1. chrysochloris. Jaws toothless; maxillary extending to below middle of eye; caudal peduncle as long asdeep. 2. mediocris. IJ. Lower jaw a little projecting; 40 to 50 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch. Depth 34, head 42 in the length; eye 43 to5in head (in specimens of 220-260 mm.) ........ 3. e@stivalis, Depth 3, head 4 to 43 in the length; eye 33 to 4 in head (in specimens of 220-260 mm.) ...... .. 4, pseudoharengus. 1. Pomolobus chrysochloris. Pomolobus chrysochloris (Rafin. 1820), Jord. & Everm. Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. xlvii. 1896, p. 425, and 1900, fig. 187. Depth of body 3? in the length, length of head 4. Snout longer than diameter of eye, which is 6 in length of head; maxillary extending to below posterior part of eye; lower jaw strongly projecting ; small conical teeth persistent in premaxillaries and anterior part of lower jaw; 23 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch. 56 scales in a longitudinal series, 17 in a transverse series; ventral scutes 21+15. Dorsal 18. Anal 18. Pelvics a little in advance of middle of dorsal. Caudal peduncle longer than deep. Silvery; back darker. Mississippi and southern coast of U.S.A A single specimen, 280 mm. long, from Pensacola. 20% 300 Mr. C. T. Regan on the Clupeoid Fishes 2. Pomolobus mediocris. Pomolobus mediocris (Mitchill, 1815), Jord. & Everm. Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. xlvii. 1896, p. 425, and 1900, fig. 188. Depth of body 3} to 3? in the length, length of head 4 to 41, Snout longer than diameter of eye, which is 5 in length ot head ; maxillary extending to below middle of eye or a little beyond ; lower jaw strongly projecting ; jaws toothless ; 21 or 22 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch. 56 scales in a longitudinal series, 17 in a transverse series ; ventral scutes 21-22+16. Dorsal 16-18. Anal 20-22. Pelvies in advance of middle of dorsal. Caudal peduncle as long as deep. Silvery; back darker; each scale on sides with a dark spot. Atlantic coast of U.S.A. Three specimens, 250 to 300 mm. long, from the Potomac and Woods Hole. 3. Pomolobus estivalis. Pomolobus estivalis (Mitchill, 1815), Jord. & Everm. Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. xlvii. 1896, p. 426, and 1900, fig. 190. Depth of body 33 in the length, length of head 42, Snount a little longer than diameter of eye, which is 44 to 5 in the length of head ; maxillary extending to below anterior part or middle of eye; lower jaw a litile projecting ; jaws tooth- less; 44 to 47 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch. 52 to 55 scales in a longitudinal series, 1 or 16 in a transverse series ; ventral scutes204+14. Dorsal 17-18. Anal 18-20. Pelvics below anterior half of dorsal. Caudal peduncle longer than deep. Silvery ; back darker. Atlantic coast of U.S.A. Two specimens, 220 and 260 mm. in total length. 4. Pomolobus pseudoharengus. Pomolobus pseudoharengus (Wilson, ec. 1811), Jord. & Evyerm. Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. xlvii. 1896, p. 426, and 1900, fig. 189. Depth of body 3 in the length, length of head 4 to 4}. Snout as long as or shorter than diameter of eye, which is 34 to 4 in the length of head; maxillary extending to below middie of eye or a little beyond; lower jaw a little pro- jecting ; jaws toothless ; 40 to 42 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch. 52 to 56 scales in a longitudinal series, 15 to 17 in a transverse series; ventral scutes 20-214 12-14. Sf an! ve of the Genera Pomolobus, Brevoortia, ce. 301 Dorsal 16-18. Anal 18-22. Pelvics below anterior half of dorsal. Candal peduncle as long as deep, or deeper than long. Silvery ; back darker. Atlantic coast of U.S.A. Seven specimens, 220 to 260 mm. in total length. 4, Brevoorria, Gill, 1861. Proc. Ac. Philadelphia, p. 37; Jord. & Everm. Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. xlvii. 1896, p. 433. This genus is distinguished from Alosa by the pectinated scales. he gill-rakers are very numerous, long and slender. 1. LBrevoortia tyrannus. Clupea tyrannus, Latrobe, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. y. 1872, p. 77, pl. i. Clupanodon aureus, Agassiz, Spix, Pisce. Brasil. p. 52, pl. xxi. (1828). Clupea menhaden ( Mitchill, 1815j, Gunth. Cat. Fish. vii. p. 436 (1878). Clupea aurea, Ginth. t. ¢. p. 437. Brevoortia tyrannus, Goode, Rep. U.S. Fish. Comm. 1877, p. 19, pls. i., i. (1879); Jord. & Everm. Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. xlvii. 1896, Brevoortia patronus, Goode, t. ce. p. 26, pl. v. Depth of body 24 to 3} in the length, length of head 2# to 3}. About 70 gill-rakers (in the adult) on ceratobranchial o1 first arch. About 50 scales in a longitudinal and 25 in a transverse series; in adults scales very deep, two often meeting across one of the intermediate longitudinal series, thus increasing the number of transverse rows ; ventral scutes 18-20+ 11-12. Dorsal 18-21. Anal 19-24. Pelvics below or in advance of anterior rays of dorsal. Vertebre 48. Nova Scotia to Gulf of Mexico and Brazil. Several examples up to 350 mm. in total length ; one of these, from Alabama, and therefore B. patronus, is exactly similar to the specimen 8 inches long, from Woods Hole, figured by Goode. Giinther’s example named Clupea aurea is without locality, and may be North American ; the distri- bution of this species on the coast of South America has yet to be made out. 2. Brevoortia pectinata. Alosa pectinata, Jenyns, Zool. ‘ Beagle, Fish. p. 135, pl. xxv. (1842). Clupea pectinata, Gunth. Cat. Fish, vil. p. 487 (1868). Brevoortia pectinata, Goode, Rep. U.S, kish. Comm. 1877, p. 30, pl. vi. (1879). Depth of body 23 to 22 in the length, length of head 3 to 34. Gill-rakers more numerous than in B&. tyrannus, about 302 Mr. GC. T. Regan on the Clupeoid Fishes 90 on ceratobranchial of first arch. Scales more regularly arranged and not so deep as in B. tyrannus; about 48 in a longitudinal series, 20 to 25 in a transverse series ; ventral scutes 18-20+10~12. Dorsal 17-19. Anal 18-22. Pelvies below or in advance of origin of dorsal. Vertebree 44. Northern Patagonia to Southern Brazil. Bet Here described from the types, skins, 180 and 260 mm. in length (the larger kindly sent to me for examination by (, Forster Cooper, Esq.), and from four examples of 220 mm. from Rio Grande do Sul. 5. Erumipium, Thompson, 1916. Proe. U.S, Nat. Mus. 1. p. 458. Closely related to Brevoortia, but with a median series of scutes from occiput to dorsal fin. Ethmidium maculatum. Alausa maculata, Cuv. & Val. Hist. Nat. Poiss. xx. p. 480 (1847). Alausa cerulea, Cuv. & Val. t. ¢. p. 482. Clupea notacanthus, Giinth. Cat. Fish. vii. p. 445 (1868). Clupea maculata, Giuth. /. c. = Clupea (Alosa) notacanthoides, Steind. Sitzungsb. Akad. Wien, lx. 1869, p. 309, pl. vii. Cee notacanthoides, Thompson, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 1, 1916, . 458. Fe omi dean cerulea, Thompson, t. ec. p. 460. Depth of body in the adult equal to length of head, 3 in length of fish ; in the young head relatively shorter and body deeper. Diameter of eye 4 to 7 in length of head ; maxillary extending to below posterior part of eye or beyond. 80 (young) to 160 (adult) gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch, 24 to 28 scutes from occiput to dorsal fin; about 50 scales in a Jongitudinal, 17 to 20 in a transverse series; ventral scutes 18-20+ 15-17. Dorsal 19-22, Anal 14-18. Pelvics below anterior 3 of dorsal. Vertebize 50. Silvery ; back bluish ; sometimes a lateral series of dark spots. Peru and Chile. Four specimens, 100-280 mm, long, from Callao, Val- paraiso, and Helladura Bay. 6. ETHMALOSA, gen. nov. Form rather deep and strongly compressed. Upper jaw with median notch ; lower jaw included ; teeth minute or absent, Adipose eyelid well developed ; cheek moderately deep, with a naked area below the suborbitals, Operculum SE +8 Ee oF pene 4 eee ~ al ola ~) PT oeLaan, S n of the Genera Pomolobus, Brevoortia, Sc. 303 smooth except for a groove parallel to its anterior edge ; sub- operculum tapering upwards; opercular margin rounded ; 6 branchiostegals. Lower gill-rakers of first and second arches long, slender, and numerous, those of ceratobranchial folding over those of epibranchial, which are curiously expanded, T-shaped or triangular in section, appearing angu- larly bent on the lower side, but not on the upper; gill-rakers of third and fourth arches similarly expanded or recurved, the series fitting closely to form a sieve. About 45 scales in a longitudinal and 16 to 19 in a transverse series ; edges of scales crenulated in the young, pectinated in the adult ; transverse grooves paired, not meeting in the middle of the scale, only the most posterior groove extending right across ; a well-defined mid-dorsal double row of scales, commencing with a large postoccipital pair, extends backwards to the dorsal fin ; ventral scutes with sharp-pointed keels. Dorsal fin of 16 to 19 rays ; a very low basal sheath. Anal of 20 to 23 rays. Pelvics 8-rayed, inserted below anterior 4 of dorsal. Caudal with alar scales. Ethmalosa dorsalis. Meletta senegalensis, Cuy. & Val. Hist. Nat. Poiss, xx. p. 370 (1847). Alausa dorsalis, Cuv. & Val. t. c. p. 418. Alosa platycephalus, Bleek. Verb. Holl. Maatsch. Haarlem, 1862, Guinée, p. 123, pl. xxvi. fig. 2. Clupea dorsalis, Gunth. Cat. Fish. vil. p. 458 (1868), Clupea setusa, Steind, Sitzungsh. Akad, Wien, lx, 1869, p. 311, pl. vi. Depth of body 24 to 3 in the length, length of head 3 to 32. Diameter of eye 4} to 6 in length of head. Maxillary ex- tending to below middle or posterior part of eye. About 45° scales in a longitudinal, 16 to 19 in a transverse series ; ventral scutes 16-19+ 11-13. Dorsal 16-19. Anal 20-23. Pelvics below anterior 4 of dorsal. Silvery; back darker ; tip of dorsal fin blackish. West Atrica. Numerous examples up to 300 mm. in total length. 7. Hits, gen. nov. Paralosa (non Bleek.), Regan, Ann. Durban Mus. i. 1916, p. 167. Distinguished from A/osa by the smooth operculum and the different arrangement of the gill-rakers of the anterior arch, from EHthmalosa by the normal structure of the gill- rakers, and from both by the absence of alar scales on the caudal fin. 304 Mr. C. T. Regan on the Clupeotd Fishes Coasts and rivers from Natal to China. In the young the body is deeper and the head smaller than in the adults, the greater length of the head in the latter being mainly due to the size of the opereulum, Synopsis of the Species. I, Parietal ridges expanded and striated. A. Depth 23 to 3 in the length. Head S20 G2 in the lengthy bisaiveox 540 sev ie ded ak 1. kanagurta. Head 3 to 32 inthe length ioc ws es since ree. 2. durbanensis. B. Depth 2} in the length 25 a5 sve. sce s oe eet 3. brachysoma. Il. Parietal ridges narrow, covered by smooth skin. A. Maxillary extending to below middle of eye (young) or beyond. 1. Caudal lobes as long as head. Operculum 3 to 2 as broad as deep; scales 45-48/17-20, 4. tisha, Operculum 2 to 3as broad as deep; scales 42-45/16-17. 5. reevest. 2. Caudal lobes longer than head. Operculum 3 to 2 as broad as deep; scales 40/14-15 .. 6. toli. B. Maxillary not reaching middle of eye; caudal lobes much longer than head; scales 45/14-15............0008 7. macrura. 1. [hilsa kanagurta. Alosa kanagurta, Bleek. Verh. Bat. Gen. xxiv. 1852, Haringacht. p. 84; Atl. Ichth. vi. p. 114, Clup. pl. vii. fig. 5 (1872). Alosa malayana, Bleek. Ned. Tijdschr. Dierk. iii. 1866, p. 294; Atl. Ichth. vi. p. 114, Clup. pl. vil. fig. 4. Clupea ilisha, Giinth. Cat. Fish. vin. p. 445 (1868). Clupea kanagurta, Day, Fish. India, p. 640, pl. clxii. fig.4; Weber & Beaufort, Fish. Indo-Austral. Arch. ii. p. 67 (1918). Depth of body 23 to 3 in the length, length of head 3 to 32. Parietal ridges expanded and striated. Snout nearly as long as or a little longer than diameter of eye, which is 32 to 44 in length of head ; maxillary extending to below middle or posterior part of eye ; width of operculum $ or less than 4 its depth ; 100 to 150 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch. 42 to 45 scales in a longitudinal series, 13 or 14 ina transverse series; ventral scutes 16-18+11-13. Dorsal 17-20. Anal 19-22. Pelvics below anterior half of dorsal. Caudal about as long as head. A dark humeral spot, in the young followed by a series. Zanzibar to Malay Archipelago. Fifteen examples, up to 220 mm. in total length. of the Genera Pomolobus, Brevoortia, &e. 305 2. Hilsa durbanensis. Clupea durbanensis, Regan, Ann. Natal Govt. Mus. i. 1906, p. 4, pl. iv.; Gilchrist, S. Afr, Mar. Biol. Rep. i. 1918, p. 59. Depth of body 24 to 3 in the length, length of head 32 to 33. Parietal ridges expanded and striated. Snout as long as or slightly longer than diameter of eye, which is 4 to 4$ in length of head; maxillary extending to below middle or posterior part of eye; width of operculum ? its depth; 150 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch. 42 to 44 scales in a longitudinal, 13 or 14 in a transverse series; ventral scutes 16-174+12-13. Dorsal 17-18. Anal 19-21. Pelvics below anterior half of dorsal. Caudal fin about as long as head. A dark humeral spot. Upper edge of dorsal and posterior edge of caudal blackish. Natal. Three specimens from Durban, 140 to 200mm. in total length. Gilchrist has examined a large example, 240 mm. long to base of caudal fin ; in this the head is 3? in the length, and there are 200 gill-rakers on the lower part of the anterior arch. 3. Hilsa brachysoma. ? Alosa brevis, Bleek. J. Ind. Arch, ii. no, 9, 1848, p. 688; Atl. Ichth. vi. p. 116 (1872). Alosa brachysoma, Bleek. Nat. Tijdschr. Ned. Ind. v. 18538, p. 52 Atl. Ichth. vi. p. 115, Clup. pl. iv. tig. 5 (1872). Clupea platygaster, Giiuth. Cat. Fish. vii. p. 448 (1868); Weber & Beaufort, Fish. Indo-Austral. Arch. 11. p. 66, fig. 24 (1918). Depth of body 23 in the length, length of head 32. Parietal ridges expanded and striated. Snout as long as diameter of eye, which is 4 in length of head; maxillary extending beyond middle of eye ; width of operculum 2 its depth; 100 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch. 42 scales in a longitudinal, 15 in a transverse series; ventral scutes 17+12. Dorsal 17-18. Anal 20-21. Pelvics below middle of dorsal. Caudal about as long as head. Depth of body 3 in the length, length of head 43. Snout as long as diameter of eye, which is 44 in length of head ; maxillary extending to below anterior } of eye; second sub- orbital with oblique lower edge. 48 to 50 scales in a longi- tudinal series, 19 or 20 ina (eee series; ventral scutes 19-20+12-14, Dorsal 16-18. Anal 21-23. Pelvics below middle or anterior part of dorsal. A dark humeral spot. Inland Sea of Japan. Three specimens, 200 mm. in total length. 3. Nematalosa arabica, sp. 1 Depth of body 22 in the length, length of ue 32. Snont as long as diameter of eye, W Richi is AY in length of head; maxillary extending to below anterior 4 4 of eye; second oie orbital with oblique lower edge. 980 scales in a longitudinal series, 19 in a transverse series; ventral scutes 18+13. Dorsal 17. Anal 19. Pelvics a little in advance of middle of dorsal. Dark longitudinal streaks along series of scales on upper part of body. Muscat. A single specimen, 150 mm. in total length. Ann. & Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 8. Vol. xix. 21 314 Mr. C. T. Regan on the Clupeoid Fishes 4, Nematalosa come. Chatoessus come, Richards, ‘Erebus’ and ‘Terror’ Fish. p. 62, pl. xxxviii. figs. 7-10 (1846). Chatoessus nasus, Giinth. Cat. Fish, vii. p. 407 (1868). Dorosoma nasus, Bleek. Atl. Ichth. vi. p. 142, Clup. pl. ii. fig. 4 (1872) ; Weber & Beaufort, Fish. Indo-Austral. Arch. ii. p. 24 (1918). Depth of body 2 to 24 in the length, length of head 33 to 4, Snout nearly as long as or shorter than diameter of eye, which is 3 to 4 in the length of head; maxillary extending to below anterior 3 of eye ; lower edge of second suborbital oblique. 46 to 50 scales in a longitudinal series, 17 to 20 in a transverse series ; veritral scutes 18-20+10-12. Dorsal 16-18. Anal 20-22. Pelvics below anterior part or middle of dorsal. Dark longitudinal streaks along upper series of scales ; a blackish humeral spot. Indo-Australian Archipelago. Several examples up to 200 mm. in total length, including one that I believe to be the type of the species (C. nasus, specimen & of Giinther). 5. Nematalosa erebi. Chatoessus erebi, Giinth. Cat. Fish. vii. p. 407 (1868). Depth of body 2 to 23 in the length, length of head 34 to 41. Snout as long as or shorter than diameter of eye, which is 31 to 5 in length of head ; maxillary extending to below anterior } of eye; second suborbital with oblique lower edge. 46 to 50 scales in a longitudinal series, 17 to 21 in a trans- verse series ; ventral scutes 18-19+4+10-12. Dorsal 13-16 ; origin above or immediately behind base of pelvics. Anal 18-22. East coast of Australia. Several examples, 100 to 850 mm. in total length, from Cape York, Burnett R., Mary R., and New South Wales. 6. Nematalosa hornt. Chatoessus horni, Zietz, Rep. Horn. Exped. ii. p. 180, pl. xvi. fig. 6 (1896). Depth of body 23 to 2% in the length, length of head 3} to 4, Snout as long as or shorter than diameter of eye, which is 4 to 5 in the length of head ; maxillary extending to below anterior } of eye; lower edge of second suborbital oblique. 44 to 46 scales in a longitudinal series, 15 to 18 in a trans- verse series; ventral scutes 16-18+9-11. Dorsal 13-16. Anal 18-22. Pelvics below anterior 3 of dorsal. =~ of the Genera Pomolobus, Brevoortia, de. 315 Australia. Five of the types, 100-170 mm. long, from Red Bank Creek, McDonnell Range ; numerous examples from the Bulloo Creek, interior of Queensland (‘Challenger’) and some from the Borwan R., interior of New South Wales (Stead). 13. GONIALOSA, gen. nov. Mouth formed as in Mematalosa. Dorsal 14-17 ; a scaly sheath at base ; ; last ray not prolonge ed. Anal 22-28. Pelvics 8-rayed, be low or in advance of origin of dorsal. Scales 45-75 in a longitudinal series, 16-25 in a transverse series. Vertebrze 44-46, Rivers of India and Burma, 1. Gonitalosa modesta. Chatoessus modestus, Day, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1869, p. 622, and Fish. India, p. 633, pl. clx. tig. 1 (1878). Depth of body 2 to 2} in the length, length of head 3} to 4, Snout shorter than diameter of eye, which is 3 to 34 in the length of head ; maxillary extending to below anterior edge of « eye. 409 to ‘47 scales ina longitudinal series, 16 to 18 in a transverse series; ventral scutes 17-19+9-12. Dorsal 14-17. Anal 24-28. Pelvics below or in advance of origin of dorsal. Vertebree 44. Usually a dark humeral spot. Burma. Seven specimens up to 100 mm. in total length. 2. Gonialosa manmina. Clupanodon manmina, Ham. Buch, Fish. Ganges, p. 247 (1822). ? Clupanodon cortius, Ham. Buch. ¢. ec. p. 249. Chatoessus manmina, Cuv. & Val. Hist. Nat. Poiss, xxi. p. 114 (1848) ; Day, Fish. India, p. 633, pl. clx. fig. 2 (1878). va Chatoessus cortius, Ginth. Cat. Fish. vii. p. 410 (1868). Depth of body 23 to 3} in the length, length of head 32 to 41, Snout shorter “than diameter of « eye, which is 3 to 3h in length of head ; maxillary not or barely reaching eye. 55 to 65 scales in a longitudinal series, 21 to 25 in a transverse series. Ventral scutes 16-19+ 10-13. Dorsal 14-17. Anal 22-26. Pelvics below or in advance of dorsal. Ver- tebre 46. Sometimes a dark humeral spot. Northern India and Assam. Several specimens, to 130 mm. in length. 215 316 On the Genera Pomolobus, Brevoortia, &e. 14. ANnoponTostomA, Bleek. 1849. Verh. Batav. Genootsch. xxii., Madura, p. 16. Differs from Gontalosa in that the maxillary is a straight, thin, transversely expanded lamina, tapering distally, whilst the supramaxillary is very slender. Dorsal 17-19, with a well-developed scaly sheath extending to tip of last ray. Anal 18-21, depressible in a scaly sheath. Pelvics 8-rayed, below middle or anterior half of dorsal. Scales 40-42 in a longitudinal series, 12-17 in a transverse series. Ver- tebree 42. Coasts and rivers of India and Indo-Australian Archipelago. 1. Anodontostoma chacunda. Clupanodon chacunda, Ham. Buch. Fish. Ganges, p. 246 (1822). Chatoessus chacunda, Cuv. & Val. Hist. Nat. Poiss. xxi. p. 111 (1848) ; Giinth. Cat. Fish. vii. p. 411 (1868); Day, Fish. India, p. 632, pl. clx. fig. 8 (1878). Anodontostoma hasseltit, Bleek. Verh. Batay. Genootsch. xxii. 1849, Madura, p. 15. Chatoessus selangkat, Bleek. Verh. Batay. Genootsch. xxiv. 1852, Haringacht. p. 47. Dorosoma chacunda, Bleek. Atl. Ichth. vi. p. 143, Clup. pl. iii. figs. 5, 6 (1872); Weber & Beaufort, Fish. Indo-Austral. Arch. ii. p. 26, fig. 14 (1913). Depth of body 2 to 2} in the length, length of head 3} to 4. Snout shorter than diameter of eye, which is 3 to 3? in the length of head; maxillary extending to below anterior 4 of eye. 40 to42 scales in a longitudinal series, 12 to15 ina transverse series; ~ventral scutes 16-18+10-11. Dorsal 17-19. Anal 18-21. Pelvics below middle or anterior part of dorsal. Dark longitudinal streaks along upper series of scales; a dark humeral spot. India and Indo-Australian Archipelago. Numerous examples, up to 160 mm. in total length. 2. Anodontostoma breviceps. Chatoessus breviceps, Peters, Monatsh. Akad. Berlin, 1876, p. 848. Depth of body 22 in the length, length of head nearly 4. Snout 3 as long as eye; maxillary extending to below middle of eye. 42 scales in a longitudinal series, 17 in a transverse series. Dorsal 19. Anal 19. Pelvics below middle of dorsal. Longitudinal dark stripes along upper series of scales. Total length 230 mm. New Hanover. oe ey soar ems Bale he eee Mr. R. E. Turner on Fossorial Hymenoptera. 317 XXVII.—Notes on Fossorial Hymenoptera. —XXVII. On new Species in the British Museum. By Rowxanp KE. Turner, F.Z.S., F.E.S. Family Scoliida. Subfamily Lzrprvz. Elis bodkini, sp. n. @. Nigra; clypeo lateribus, orbitis internis externisque anguste, fascia transversa inter antennas, pronoto margine posteriore et margine anteriore late interrupto, mesonoto macula quadrata postice maculaque parva utrinque angulis posticis, postscutello fascia, segmento mediano fascia longitudinali utrinque, meso- pleuris fascia verticali sub alis, segmento dorsali primo macula magna utrinque fasciaque angusta interrupta mediana, segmentis tertio, quarto quintoque fascia basali, sexto macula transversa basali, segmentis ventralibus 2-4 fascia lata emarginata, quinto fascia mediana, angusta, inferrupta, femoribusque intermediis anticisque macula apicali flavis; alis subhyalinis, area radiali late infuscata, venis fuscis ; mandibulis ferrugineis. Long. 13 mm. 9. Clypeus finely punctured, subcarinate longitudinally in the middle ; front and vertex coarsely punctured, with sparse pale fulvous hairs ; frontal prominence subtuberculate on each side on the inner side of the scape. Thorax closely and rather coarsely punctured, more finely and closely on the pronotum than elsewhere ; median segment subcarinate in the middle at the base, a triangular space at the base much more finely punctured than the rest of the dorsal surface, the sides of the segment shallowly obliquely striated. Abdomen shining, finely and closely punctured, more strongly and sparsely on the ventral surface; sixth dorsal segment closely and finely longitudinally striated. Second cubital cell very long, the second abscissa of the radius nearly half as long again as the third; first recurrent nervure received at thiree- fitths from the base of the second cubital cell, second at two- fifths from the base of the third cubital cell. Hab. River Mazaruni, British Guiana (G. EZ. Bodkin) ; November 1916. This is a smaller species than flavopicta, Sm., and has the vertex much more closely punctured; the puncturation of the thorax is much closer and finer, the markings are somewhat different, there is no blue gloss on the abdomen, and the 318 Mr. R. E. Turner on Fossorial Hymenoptera. second abscissa of the radius is much longer. In the latter character it resembles the Central-American £. pulchrina, Cam., and ZL, bicincta, Sm., but differs from both in markings and in the finer and closer puncturation. Family Sapygide. Sapyga furtiva, sp. n. ©. Nigra; antennis ferrugineis, apice infuscatis ; clypeo lateribus, fascia arcuata inter antennas, orbitis internis anguste, orbitis externis supra, pronoto margine antico late interrupto, meso- pleuris macula sub alis, postscutello fascia transversa interrupta, segmento mediano macula magna apicali utrinque, segmentis abdominalibus 2-5 fascia lata transversa, sextoque dorsali macula magna ante apicem flavis ; femoribus subtus, tibiis, tarsis, segmento dorsali primo fascia mediana, ventralique secundo basi ferrugineis ; alis hyalinis, venis nigris, area radiali infumata. Long. 11 mm. = is 4 owl tre 6 oe Tas Mareen bis 2. Mandibles very broad, tridentate at the apex; clypeus subrectangular, broader than long, the apical angles pro- duced, longitudinally rugose. Head closely punctured- rugose ; antenna thickened towards the apex, much stouter at the base than in clavicornis ; posterior ocelli at least half as far again from the eyes as from each other. Thorax very closely punctured ; ; abdomen shining, minutely and closely punctured. Second abscissa of the radius half as long as the third, more than twice as long as the first. Hab. Simla Hills, 6300 ft. Nearly allied to clavicornis, but differs in colouring, in the larger second cubital cell, and in the stouter basal joints of the flagellum, Family Crabronide. Subfamily Larzrivz, Dimorpha ruficaudata, sp. n. ©. Nigra; flagello fusco; ‘scapo, mandibulis, pedibusque ferru- gineis ; tegulis fuscis, apice testaceis; segmentis abdominalibus 4-6 rufis; alis hyalinis, venis fuscis. Long. 8 mm. 2. Head sparsely punctured, the clypeus and front clothed with long cinereous hairs, clypeus very short, transverse at the apex, finely punctured and subcarinate in the middle ; second joint of the flagellum distinctly longer than the third ; Mr. R. E. Turner on Fossorial Hymenoptera. 319 posterior ocelli twice as far from each other as from the eyes, Mesonotum shining, with scattered punctures, the anterior third closely punctured and clothed with cinereous hairs, which extend on to the pronotum, and more sparsely on to the mesopleure. Scutellum smooth and shining. Median segment strongly longitudinally striated, the space between the striz more finely transversely striate -d, forming reticu- lations. Abdomen shining, microscopically punctured. Radial cell very short, on the costal margin about twice as long as the third abs scissa of the radius, and not more than half as long again as the apical margin of the cell; third abscissa of the radius half as long again as the second, but only one-third of the length of the second transverse cubital nervure. Hab, Nyasaland, Zomba (H. S. Stannus). The colouring of the abdomen is unusual in the genus. I use Jurine’s name Dimorpha for the genus instead of Astatus, Latr., as to which there is some confusion. Notogonia nigricans, Walk. Notogonia nigricans, Walk. List of Hymen. in Egypt. p. 21 (1871). 9. Notogonia sculpturata, Kohl, Ann. Naturh. Hofmus. Wien, vii. p. 221 (1892). dg. There is a co-type of Walker’s species in the British Museum. Hab. Egypt ; Port Soudan ; Albania; Gibraltar ; St. Vin- cent, Cape Verde Islands. Notogonia palumbula, Kohl. Notogonia palumbula, Kohl, Ann. Naturh. Hofmus. Wien, ix. p. 504 (1894). Notoyonia punctipleura, Cam., Sjostedt, Kilimandjaro-Meru Exp. ii. p- 285 (1910). ¢. This is merely the tropical subspecies of nigricans; the pygidial area of the female is narrower. Hab. Cameroons; Kilimandjaro; Lake Nyasa; N.E. Rhodesia. Notogonia reticulata, Cam. Leptolarra reticulata, Cam. Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) v. p. 31 (1900). This is the Indian subspecies of nigricans, differing from the typical form in the rather finer punctures of the meso- notum. 320 Mr. R. E. Turner on Fossorial Hymenoptera. Hab. Barrackpore, N.E. India; Matheran, W. India; Chapra, Bengal. Very closely allied to these three forms of nigricans is the Austialian WV. retiaria, Turn., in which the punctures of the mesonotum are almost obsolete and the eyes nearer to each other on the vertex. I do not consider that small differences in the comparative length of the abscissa of the radius are to be relied on in this genus; there seems to be a slight indi- vidual variation. in this respect. VV. mahensis, Cam., from the Seychelles, differs from reticulata in the longer and rather narrower radial cell. Notogonia irrorata, Sm. Larrada irrorata, Sm. Cat. Hym. B.M. iv. p. 284 (1856). 9. Larra (Notogonia) fraudulenta, Kohl, Ann. Naturh. Hofmus. Wien, ix. p. 803 (1894). Q. Hab. Senegal; Sierra Leone ; Ashanti ; Uganda. Notogonia cresus, Sm. Larrada cresus, Sm. Cat. Hym. B.M. iv. p. 284 (1856). 9. Notogonia cresus, Kohl, Ann. Naturh. Hofmus. Wien, ix. p. 300 (1894). Od. Motes liriotdes, Turn. Trans. Ent. Soc. London, p. 753 (1912). 9. Although the tarsal ungues are toothed in this species in the female, the very different form of the pygidial area shows that it is not closely related to Motes. Hab. East Africa from Mashonaland to Witu; West Atrica,’?Gambia and Gold Coast. Doubtless this species ranges through the whole of tropical Africa. Notogonia deceptor, Turn. ig deceptor, Turn, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) xvii. p. 258 (1916). This is closely related to LV. cresus, and is not a Motes. It may possibly prove to be a colour-variety of cr@sus, the structural differences being very slight. Tachysphex excelsus, sp. n. °. Nigra; segmentis abdominalibus primo secundoque, tertioque dimidio basali rufis; alis subhyalinis, leviter infuscatis. Long. 12 mm, ¢. Clypeus broadly triangularly deflexed towards the A Mr. R. E. Turner on Fossorial Hymenoptera. 321 apex, the triangular surface shining, with large scattered punctures, the apical margin transverse. Jiyes separated on the vertex by a distance equal to twice the length of the second joint of the flagellum ; the third joint of the flagellum about as long as the first and second combined. Head and thorax very finely and closely punctured; median segment opaque, very finely granulate, the sides not striated; the posterior slope transversely striolate towards the apex, with a deep depression at the base. Abdomen highly polished ; pygidial area elongate, rather sparsely and finely punctured. The long spur of the hind tibiew distinctly shorter than the basal joint of the hind tarsus; spines of the fore tarsus forming a comb, slender and fairly long. Radial cell longer and narrower than in 7’. pectinipes; the second abscissa of the radius scarcely shorter than the third, Hab. Tibet, Gyangtse, 13,000 ft. (HZ. J. Walton); June. The sculpture of the median segment resembles T. lati- Jrons, Kohl, from which it differs in other details. The eyes are further apart on the vertex than in 7. pectinipes, to which it is allied in the form of the pygidial area. Tachysphex filicornis, Koll. Tachysphex filicornis, Kohl, Deutsch. Ent. Zeitsch. xxvii. p. 169. This Mediterranean species occurs at Harar (G. Kristen- sen). A subspecies occurs at Salisbury, Mashonaland (G. A. K. Marshall), in which the sculpture of the median seoment 1s much coarser, there being very distinct divergent strige at the base, whereas the strize, as far as they are deve- - loped in fiiicornis, are parallel. For this I suggest the name Tachysphex filicornis excerptus, subsp. n. I do not regard the sculpture of the median segment as a very reliable character in this genus, considering that it is liable to considerable variation in some species. Tachysphex auropilosus, sp. n. Q. Nigra; callis humeralibus, tegulis, abdomine, pedibusque rufo- testaceis; segmentis ventralibus nigro intaminatis; clypeo, fronte, thorace, segmento mediano, segmentisque dorsalibus mar- gine apicali precipue aureo-sericeo-pubescentibus ; alis pallide flayo-hyalinis, apice pallidissime infuscatis, venis testaceis. Long. 14 mm. 9. Clypeus broadly rounded at the apex; eyes separated on the vertex by a distance not quite equal to the length of 822. Mr. R. E. Turner on Fossorial Hymenoptera. the second joint of the flagellum. Thorax and median seg- ment very closely and minutely punctured, rather thinly covered with very short, delicate, golden pubescence ; the posterior slope of the median segment finely transversely striated, with a deep median suleus. Pygidial area elongate- triangular, shining, sparsely and rather strongly punctured, very narrowly truncate at the apex. Comb of the fore tarsi long ; tibize with short golden pubescence. Madial cell rounded at the apex, not truncate, third abscissa of the radius longer than the second, which is equal to the space between the recurrent nervures on the cubitus. Tarsal ungues very long, as in the genus Notogonia, flab. British Kast Africa, Simba, 3350 ft. (S. A. Meave), April; Makindu, 3300 ft. (S.A. Neave), April. This seems to belong to the group of YZ. quadricolor, Gerst., but is a smaller and less robust species, and the eyes are nearer together on the vertex; the colour of the wings is also different. The elongate ungues are very remarkable. Tachysphex depilosellus, sp. n. Q@. Nigra; mandibulis basi, clypeo dimidio apicali, scapo, flagello articulo primo, articuloque secundo basi, callis humeralibus, abdomine, pedibusque rufo-ferrugineis ; alis anticis fuscis, posticis pallide fusco-hyalinis ; venis nigris. Long. 12 mm. @. Clypeus very broadly rounded at the apex, somewhat deflexed from the middle, the apical half shining, with a few large scattered punctures; the base of the clypeus and the front clothed with very short, sericeous, silver pubescence. Thorax closely microscopically punctured, the mesonotum and scutellum bare; dorsal surface of the median segment opaque, very closely and microscopically punctured, the sides of the segment obliquely, the apex transversely striated. Abdomen slender; pygidial area elongate-triangular, sparsely punctured. No pubescent fascize on the dorsal segments, ‘l'arsal comb long, the basal joint of the fore tarsus with eight spines. Radial cell broadly rounded at the apex; second abscissa of the radius longer than the third, which is longer than the space between the recurrent nervures on the cubitus. Hab. N. Rhodesia, Pakasa (O. Stlverlock) ; January. A very slender species, easily distinguished by the fuscous wings from any other Ethiopian species with the abdomen red. Mr. R, E. Turner on Fossorial Hymenoptera. 323 Tachysphex brinckere, sp. n. ©. Nigra; mandibulis basi, tibiis anticis basi et subtus, tarsis anticis, tarsisque intermediis posticisqué apice fusco-ferrugineis ; segmentis abdominalibus primo secundoque rufo-ferrugineis ; tegulis testaceis; alis flayo-hyalinis, apice pallidis; venis testaceis. Long. 13 mm. 9. Clypeus broadly truncate at the apex, finely and closely ’ punctured on the basal half; the apical half deflexed, shining, with large scattered punctures. Vertex very closely micro- scopically punctured; the eyes separated on the vertex by a distance slightly exceeding the length of the second joint of the flagellum ; front and the base of the clypeus clothed with very short silvery pubescence, which is only visible in certain lights. Thorax minutely and closely punctured ; median segment granulate, as Jong as the mesonotum, the sides and apex ot the segment striated. Second and third dorsal segments with a little short silver pubescence at the apical angles; pygidial area elongate-triangular, sparsely punctured. Comb of fore tarsus long, basal joint of the fore tarsi with eight spines. Tadial cell broadly rounded at the apex ; second abscissa of the radius longer than the third, nearly twice as long as the space between the recurrent ner- vures on the cubitus. Hab. Transvaal, Pretoria (Miss J. Brincker). Tachysphex punctata, Sm. Larrada punctata, Sm. Cat. Hym. B.M. iv. p. 282 (1856). ¢ (as 2). Larra punctata, Kohl, Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, xxxiv. p. 247 (1884). The type is a male, not a female, and is a true Tachyspher. The wings are of a darker fuscous than in any other small black Ethiopian species of the genus known tome. Eyes separated on the vertex by a distance equal to about twice the length of the second joint of the flagellum. Tachysphex subfuscatus, sp. n. @. Nigra; segmentis abdominalibus duobus basalibus fusco-rufis ; tarsis fusco-ferrugineis ; alis subhyalinis, venis fuscis ; clypeo, fronte, segmentisque dorsalibus tribus basalibus fascia apicali argenteo-pubescentibus ; thorace rugose punctato; segmento mediano longitudinaliter striato-reticulato. Long. 9 mm. 9. Clypeus broadly truncate at the apex, the apical 324 Mr. R. E. Turner on Fossorial Hymenoptera. margin armed with a number of ill-defined teeth. Head closely and rather finely punctured; antennz short and stout; eyes separated on the vertex by a distance slightly exceeding the length of the two basal joints of the flagellum. Thorax coarsely punctured-rugose; scutellum punctured; median segment irregularly longitudinally striate, with finer trans- verse strive, giving a reticulate appearance, which is more strongly developed on the more coarsely sculptured sides of the segment. Pygidial area smooth, rather broadly trian- gular. Legs slender ; comb of the fore tarsi long ; spur of the hind tibia much shorter than the basal joint of the hind tarsi. Radial cell broadly obliquely truncate at the apex ; second and third abscisse of the radius subequal. Hab. Nyasaland, Mlanje, 2300 ft. (S.A. Neave) ; October. Tachysphea strigatus, sp. ne ©. Nigra; tarsis articulis apicalibus brunneo-ferrugineis ; fronte clypeoque argenteo-pubescentibus; mesonoto crasse punctato, cinereo-piloso; segmentis dorsalibus tribus basalibus fascia interrupta apicali argenteo-pubescente; segmento mediano fortiter longitudinaliter striato; alis hyalinis, venis brunneo- ferrugineis; tegulis testaceis. Long. 9-11 mm. 2. Clypeus broadly subtruncate at the apex, the apical mar- gin somewhat reflexed and with two blunt teeth on each side, closely and not very finely punctured. Front opaque, finely punctured-rugulose, the vertex closely and not very finely punc- tured, Lyes separated on the vertex by a distance half as great again as the length of the second joint of the flagellum, Mesc- notum and mesopleure coarsely punctured-rugose ; scutellum strongly but not very closely punctured. Median segment coarsely longitudinally striated, with finer, irregular, transverse striae between ; the sides of the segment coarsely rugose-reti- culate. Abdomen shining; pygidial area triangular, shining, with afew small scattered punctures. Radial cell rather broadly obliquely truncate at the apex ; second abscissa of the radius a little longer than the third, equal to the distance between the recurrent nervures on the cubitus. Hab. N.E. Rhodesia, between Fort Jameson and Lundazi, 4000 ft. (S. A. Neave), June ; Central Angoniland, Lilongwe District, 4000-5000 ft. (S. A. Neave), May; Nyasaland, Mombera District, 4000 ft. (S. A. Neave), June; Nyasaland, Kotakota (Dr. J. E. S. Old). Easily distinguished by the coarse sculpture of the thorax and median segment. Mr. R. E. Turner on Fossorial Hymenoptera. 325 Tachysphex vulneratus, sp. n. @. Nigra; mandibulis basi, tegulis, tibiis tarsisque anticis, femori- bus apice, tibiis intermediis et posticis subtus, tarsisque inter- mediis et posticis basi nigro intaminatis, brunneo-testaceis ; segmentis abdominalibus quinto sextoque omnino, quartoque apice rufis; alis hyalinis, venis fuscis; fronte, clypeo, segmentis- que dorsalibus tribus basalibus fascia apicaliinterrupta argenteo- pubescentibus ; segmento mediano longitudinaliter striato. ¢. Femine similis, tibiis tarsisque intermediis et posticis brunneo- -testaceis ; segmentis dorsalibus sexto septimoque omnino, quinto- que apice rufis; fronte clypeoque aureo-pubescentibus, Long., 9 10-11, ¢ 8-9 mm. ?. Clypeus truncate at the apex, rather broadly depressed on the ei margin, with two minute teeth on each side. Head finely and closely punctured ; eyes separated on the vertex by a distance not quite equal to the length of the second joint of the flagellum ; antenne slender and rather long. ‘Thorax closely and not very finely punctured ; median segment strongly longitudinally striated, the sides of the seoment more finely obliquely striated, the surfzeb Of the posterior truncation finely transversely striated. Pygidial area triangular, not elongate, shining, with a few scattered punctures. Comb of the fore tarsus long and slender ; the long spur of the hind tibia almost as long as the basal joint of the hind tarsus. Radial cell long, rather narrowly rounded at the apex; third cubital cell about as long as the second, both on the cubitus and on the radius. 3. Seventh dorsal segment broadly rounded at the apex ; eighth ventral seoment shallowly emarginate, the angles o produced into distinct teeth. Hab. N.E. Rhodesia, Niamadzi River, near Nawalia, 2000 ft. CS. A, gage August; Mid Luangwa Valley, 2000 ft. (S. A. Neave), July ; Upper Luangwa Valley (S. A. Neave), August. This differs from str¢gatus in colour, in the much finer sculpture of the thorax, in the lesser distance between the eyes, and in the long and slender antenne. Prosopigastra neavet, sp. n. ©. Nigra; mandibulis in medio, abdomine segmentis tribus basali- bus, calcaribus, tarsisque a Pasir apicalibus ferrugineis ; tegulis testaceis ; alis hyalinis, iridescentibus, venis nigris. 3. Femine similis ; segmentis abdominalibus 5 “apicalibus nigris ; tarsis ferrugineis ; tibiis basi albido-maculatis, Long., 2.7-8, ¢ 6 mm. 326 Mr. R. E. Turner on Fossorial Hymenoptera. @. Clypeus very widely arcuately deflexed towards the apex, the deflexed portion smooth and shining, the apical margin subtruncate. Eyes separated on the vertex by a distance equal to about four times the length of the second joint of the flagellum ; head very distinctly but not very closely punctured ; a smooth convex area between the ante- rior ocellus and the base of the antennze. Thorax rather more strongly punctured than the head, the individual pune- tures large and clearly separated. Median segment scarcely more than half as long as the mesonotum ; tlhe dorsal surface margined by carine ‘at the sides and apex, irregularly and coarsely striate-reticulate ; the sides of the segment longitu- dinally striated, the posterior slope rugose. Abdomen closely and finely punctured ; pygidial area ‘shining, sparsely punc- tured, very narrowly truncate at the apex. Comb of the fore tarsi long and slender. Radial cell short, very broadly obliquely truncate at the apex ; second and third’ abscissa of the radius subequal, each at least half as long again as the fourth. 3. Seventh dorsal segment broadly rounded at the apex; eighth ventral segment emarginate, testaceous, the apical angles produced into short spines. Eyes separated on the vertex by a distance not exceeding half the length of the second joint of the flagellum. Hab. N.E. Rhodesia, Mid Luangwa Valley, about 2000 ft. (S. A. Weave), July and August; Nyasaland, be- tween Ft. Jameson and Dowa, 4000 ft. (S. A. eave), October. The sexual divergence in the distance between the eyes on the vertex is greater than in any Mediterranean species of the genus. Subfamily Trrroxrzroyrvz. Pison papuanum, Schulz. Pison papuanum, Schulz, Berlin. Ent. Zeit. xlix. p. 217 (1994). Pison morosus, Sm. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. viii. p..85 (1864). 9 si? Sm. 1856). Pison constrictum, Turn. Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) ix. p. 201 (1912). 3. Pison constrictum, Turn. Proc. Zool. Soc. London, p. 627 (1916). I had overlooked the name papuanum in my recent paper on Pison. On a new Terrestrial Isopod from New Zealand. 327 XXVITI.—A new Tuberculate Terrestrial Isopod from New Zealand. By Cuas. Cuitton, M.A., D.Sc., M.B., C.M., LL.D., C.M.Z.S., Professor of Biology, Canterbury College, New Zealand. [Plate XIIL.] In 1915 * I described a tuberculate species of Cubaris from New Zealand under the name C. suter?. Of this species I had only the one specimen, and [I stated that of a second tuberculate species, C. hamiltoni, only a single specimen was known, these facts showing that our knowledge of the terrestrial Isopoda of New Zealand was still very incomplete. I suggested also that a careful survey, especially in the forests of the North Island, might bring to light other inter- esting species. This has already proved to be the case, and I have recently received from Mr. David Miller, of the New Zealand Agricultural Department, several specimens of another tuberculate Cubaris found under the bark of fallen logs in the bush at Levin, Wellington. Of this species Mr. Miller was fortunate enough to find eight specimens. In general appearance, colour, markings, etc., they are very similar to Cubaris suter/, and I at first thought that they might perhaps be specimens of this species with the tubercles on the dorsal surface better developed than in the type- specimen. This, however, proves not to be the case, as the tubercles, or, rather, ridges, are arranged differently, and I am therefore describing the specimens as a new species, which I have much pleasure in naming after their discoverer. Cubaris milleri, sp.n. (Pl. XIII. figs. 1-6.) Specific description.—Oblong-oval, breadth about half the length. Epimeral portions fairly well developed, especially in the first segment of the pergon ; central portion of each segment very convex and marked off from the lateral portions by a longitudinal ridge or flange on each segment (figs. 1 & 2). Head with the anterior margin produced upwards into a well- defined ridge projecting slightly above the dorsal surface and having the upper margin regularly convex and without any notch ; the posterior surface of the head is produced dorsally into a distinct transverse flange rising high above the general surface and showing in front view much higher than the * Journ. Linn, Soc. vol. xxxii. p. 425, pl. xxxvii. figs, 24-28. 328 Prof. C. Chilton on a new Tuberculate anterior margin; the flange has a slight depression in the centre, so that its upper margin is concave (fig. 3). Hach segment of the perzeon bears a pair of longitudinal tubercles or ridges, which are low anteriorly but become higher towards the posterior part of the segment; these ridges increase in size and distinctness on the posterior segments until, in the seventh segment, the ridge is much higher than the segment itself and projects backwards over the pleon. In dorsal view these ridges form an almost continuous row, separating the central part of the body from the lateral portions. In each segment there are a few small tubercles or irregularities both on the lateral portions below the ridge and also on the central part between the ridges. Inferior margin of first segment of pereon deeply cleft posteriorly, the cleft extending nearly halfway along the whole margin; inferior margin of the second segment with a distinct tubercle on its inner surface enclosing a wide notch for the reception of the succeeding segment when the animal is rolled up into a ball (fig. 4). The pleon bears no ridges and shows the usual characters ; the posterior segment has the hind margin either straight or very slightly concave (fig. 5). Antenne (fig. 8) of normal shape, the second and third segments of peduncle subequal, the fourth a little longer and the fifth nearly twice as long as the fourth; flagellum a little shorter than the fifth joint of peduncle, its first joint about one-third the length of the terminal joint. The mouth-parts show the usual structure common to the genus, and do not appear to present any distinctive characters, The legs are all short and of the usual form. In the single male dissected the anterior pairs do not show any special modification; but as the specimen is small and the legs imperfect the evidence on this point is not quite conclusive. The pleopoda of the male do not appear to differ in any important points from those of other species of the genus. The uropoda (figs. 5 & 6) have the endopod very short, almost knob-shaped, extending only a short distance from the base ; its extremity bears two or three minute sete. The exopod is also very small, reaching only about halfway from its attachment to the posterior end of the peduncle ; it bears a rather long seta, which reaches nearly as far posteriorly as the peduncle. Under a high power the whole integument shows minute seale-like markings. Colour. Pale reddish brown, with marblings of a darker brown. Terrestrial Isopod from New Zealand. 329 Length of largest specimen about 7 mm. Loc. Under the bark of fallen logs in the bush, Levin, Wellington, N.Z, This species appears to be closely related to Cubaris suteri, Chilton, the structure of the lateral margin of the first and second segments of the peraon and of the uropoda being closely similar in the two species. In C. suter’, however, the ridges are transverse and mainly confined to tne posterior border of the perwon segments, while in the present species the ridges are longitudinal, extending along nearly the whole of the length of each segment, and they are much better developed and consequently more prominent. Another tuberculate species, C. hamiltoni (Chilton) *, probably also comes near to these two species; but the dorsal surface is much more profusely supplied with flanges or ridges and with pointed tubercles. C. Aamiltont is known only from the single type-specimen which was obtained in the neighbourhood of Petane, near Napier, in New Zealand, and this specimen is unfortunately somewhat imperfect, so that our knowledge of the species is far from complete. ‘The only other tuberculate species known from New Zealand is C. macmahoni (Chilton), originally described from Kenepuru in Marlborough, though I have since had specimens sent to me from one or two localities in the North Island. C. spinosus (Dana) is a spiny species, “ the body bristied throughout with subacute spines ” ; but itis only known from Dana’s brief description and figures, no specimen having been since collected. It was found by Dana near the Bay of Islands. I am much indebted to my assistant, Miss E, M. Herriott, M.A., for preparing the drawings to illustrate this paper, EXPLANATION OF PLATE XIII (All the figures refer to Cubaris miller?, sp, n.) Fig. 1. Dorsal view of whole animal. Fig. 2. Side view of animal (antennz and legs not shown). Fig. 3. Front view of head with antenne etc., the flange arising from _the posterior border of the head showing behind the anterior margin. Fig. 4. Lateral margins of perzeon segments 1, 2, and 3, from below. Fig. 5. Terminal portion of pleon, from above. Fig. 6. Uropoda and terminal segment, from below, * See Trans. Linn. Soc., Zool. vol. viii. pp. 99-152, pls. xi.-xvi., and Trans. N.Z. Inst. vol. xlii. pp. 286-291. Ann. & Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 8. Vol. xix, 22 330 On South-African Talitridee, XXIX.— South-African Talitride. By the Rev. Tuomas R. R. Sressine, M.A., F.R.S. On Christmas Eve in 1916 Mr. H. W. Bell-Marley, of Durban, Natal, obtained some specimens of Talitride at Kshowe Bush, 1800 feet above sea-level. Of those which he has kindly forwarded to me most are females, but one or two males among them, though less in size than many of the other sex, will, I think, settle a question which has long been obscure. The species is clearly that which Spence Bate in 1862 named Tulorchestia? africana. Clearly, also, it may now be referred to the genus named Talitriator by Methuen in 1913, and more fully defined by Barnard in 1916. Genus TALITRIATOR, Methuen. 1913. Talitriator, Matthews, P. Z. 8S. Lond. p. 109. 1916. Zalitriator, Barnard, Ann. 8S, African Mus. vol. xv. pt. 3, p. 222, Related to Talitrus by feeble minutely chelate second gnathopods in both sexes; distinguished from it by the first antenne nearly as long as the peduncle of the second; maxillipeds with small fourth joint to the palp; first gnatho- pod shorter than second; fifth side-plates of peraon more unequally bilobed ; telson longer than broad. Of these characters, the last two seem to be scarcely of generic importance. Spence Bate considers the fifth side- plate to be equally bilobed in Yalitrus; but neither his own figures nor the facts support this statement. Talitriator africanus (Bate). 1862. Talorchestia ? africana, Bate, Amphipodous Crust. Brit. Mus. p. 15, pl. ii. figs. 6, 62, 6A. 1906. Talorchestia ? africana, Stebbing, ‘Das Tierreich, Lief. 21, p. 564. ad 1919. Talorchestia ? africana, Stebbing, Ann. 8. Afr. Mus, vol. vi. pt. 4, p. 459. 1912. Talitrus ? africanus (Bate), Calman, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. . ser. 8, vol. x. p. 135 (1912). 1913. Talitriator eastwoode, Methuen, P. Z. 8. Lond. p. 110, pls. x., xi. 1916. Talitriator eastwoode, Barnard, Ann. 8. Afr, Mus, vol. xv. pt. 3, p. 225 (and Yalorchestia ? africana, p. 215). In the male specimen the flagellum of the first antennae has ten joints, in the female eleven, in both sexes the third joint of the peduncle is the longest, in the second antenne the flagellum of the male has 22, the larger female 23 joints. ‘The palp of the first maxilla is minute. Of the customary On new Species of Indo-Malayan Lepidoptera. 331 three teeth on the inner plate of the maxillipeds two are very conspicuous, but the innermost small, as shown by Methuen. For the second gnathopod Methuen gives ‘ coxal plate excavate behind with conical projection.” Barnard mentions this as having specific value in the genus and as excluding the typical species from Tulitrus. It is, however, found in T. alluaud’, Chevreux, 1896. Methuen states that the first perzeopod is not quite as long as the second. This, surely, is an accidental reversing of the true relation. For the greit size of the anterior lobe of the fifth side-plate there is a parallel in 7. alluaudi. Our specimens show four pairs of setules on the telson, while Methuen’s figure shows only two pairs ; but Barnard supposes that Methuen’s specimens were probably not quite mature. A fine red colour was retained by Mr. Bell-Marley’s specimens as received nearly two months after capture. As this is probably a terrestrial species, it is desirable to point out that in Metliuen’s notes on distribution the word ‘ depths ” has by some mischance’ been substituted for “heights” in the quotation from ‘ Das Tierreich.’ XXX.—New Species of Indo-Malayan Lepidoptera. By Colonel C. Swinuos, M.A., F.L.S. DANAINE. Salatura plexippus adnana, nov. 3 ?. A local race of plexippus, uniformly smaller; all the black vein-markings narrower ; the black apical portion of the fore wing broader, consequently the bronzy-red interspace between veins 2 and 3 much shorter; no indication of the small similarly coloured space always present in plex/ppus in the next upper interspace, just outside the cell-end, and the series of subapical bars all much shorter, Expanse of wings, § 2,85, 2 3 inches. Hab. Luzon. Staudinger refers to this local race in * Iris,’ 1889, p. 28. EvrLe@inz. Isamia eclecta, nov. 3+ Upperside dark blackish brown: fore wing paler on the outer third, the inner two-thirds with a slight blue-black 22” 332 Colonel C. Swinhoe on new gloss ; a minute blue-grey spot at the lower end of the cell, another outside it in the interspace above vein 4, and another above the upper end of the cell close to the costal margin : hind wing with the costal space whitish, descending a little into the cell; a very faint series of blue-grey dots close to the outer margin; no other markings oneither wing. Under- side fairly uniform blackish brown, paler than it is above ; fore wing with the hinder marginal space whitish; spots larger and more prominent, one at the lower end of the cell, another beyond it ; a rather long oval spot in the interspace above vein 2, a small spot outside it, and three small spots close to the margin above the hinder angle, and two small spots at the base of the wing: hind wing with three basal small spots, one at the end of the cell, five in a line in the interspaces 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, a submarginal spot in inter- space 2, two close together in interspace 3, and one in inter= space 4; a series of somewhat larger spots close to the margin in the interspaces up to interspace 4 ; cilia with white dots in the interspaces both above and below. Head with three white spots on each side; thorax above with a white central line; below, palpi with a white spot between them and one on each side, thorax covered with white spots, and the abdomen with a central row of larger spots. Expanse of wings, ¢, 4 inches. Hab. Palone, Burma, June 1887. Pirrinz. Flebomota solomonensis, nov. 6. Fore wings with the orange apical portion occupying more than one-third of the wing, extending well into the cell, filling up very nearly the whole of interspace 3 and the outer and upper half of cell 2; the costal band very narrow, blackish grey powdered with ochreous, thickens a little at the apex, runs down the outer margin very narrowly, and ends in a blackish suffused small patch just above the hinder angle; the interior blackish band which usually limits the orange portion entirely absent ; the submarginal blackish spots in the orange patch spear-shaped and very pale: hind wings without any marginal band. Head and body powdered with ochreous. Expanse of wings, ¢, 3375 inches. Hab. Solomons. Meadais vi. Teracolus vi, Swinhoe, P. Z. 8. 1884, p. 437, pl. xxxix. figs, 6, 7, Teracolus immaculata, Rober, Seitz. Macro. Lep. 1. p. 56, + Species of Indo- Malayan Lepidoptera. 333 My type came frem the vicinity of Aden in Arabia, Rober’s type from Syria; [I have both in my museum, and there can be no doubt they are identical. Teracolus vi is not mentioned in Seitz. Family Aganaide. Asota lara. Hypsa lara, Swinhoe, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (6) xii. p. 215 (1893). Aganais intacta, var., Snellen, Tijd. voor Ent. xxxi. p. 188, pl. ii. fig. 4 (1888). Hab. Java. It is a good species, quite different to intacta, Walker, having a broad, central, longitudinal stripe on the fore wing ; it is apparently quite common in Java; I have received several examples from Mt. Gedé and Buitenzorg. Family Drepanida. Sewa orbiferata, Abravas orbiferata, Walker, xxiv. 1126 (1862). Argyris insignata, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1867 , p- 645. Platypteryx cilicoides, Snellen, /. c. XXXii, p- 9, pl. i. fig. 3 (1889). Hab, Sarawak, Borneo (type in B. M.). The type of tnstgnata in the B. M. is marked “ Bengal.” Snellen’s type is from Java. I have it from Mone, Shan States (Adanders), and from Kina Balu, Borneo (Lverett). ‘They are all very similar. Ticilia argentilinea. Ticila argentilinea, Walker, xxxii. 394 (1865) ; Swinhoe, Cat. Het. Mus. Oxon. i. p. 244, pl. vii. fig. 13, ¢ (1892). Platypteryx argentilinea, Snellen, “L. ¢. p- 8, pl. i. fig. 2, 2 (1889). Hab. Singapore (type ¢ in Mus. Oxon). It is also from Sula in Mus. Oxon. (a @). -Snellen also described his type from Java as argentilineu. Family Lasiocampide. PA Sitina cinyra, ov. 9. Palpi black, with some white hairs on its upperside ; head and thorax covered with Jong ochreous-whiie (uearly pure white) hairs ; abdomen black; anal tutt white: tore : wing black, irrorated with very minute white atoms ; a large é round black spot with a white line through it at the end ‘of 334 Colonel C. Swinhoe on new the cell; an antemedial, sinuous, transverse white line; a- postmedial diffuse white band, narrowing hindwards, and through it a black dentate line, curved outwards below the costa, its points outwards; a series of black lunules with white outer edges close to the margin ; cilia with some white spots: hind wing paler, uniform in colour, without irrorations, a white waved band across its middle from the middle of the costa to the abdominal margin near the anal angle; cilia White, with pale blackish spots. Underside uniformly coloured like the upperside of the hind wing ; a rather broad white band across both wings, evenly outwardly curved, postmedial on fore wing, medial on hind wing; the marginal marks on both wings as on the upperside. Body and “legs black, with white hairs ; abdomen with white lateral bands. Expanse of wings 13 inch. Hab. N. Gippsland, Victoria (H. IW. Davey). It is unnamed in the B. M. Silina epipasta, nov. Q. Palpi ochreous brown ; head and shoulder covered with white hairs; thorax black, with ochreous-grey hairs ; abdomen black, with some ochreous-grey hairs on the first two segments, small tufts of white hairs on the middle of the Jast two segments and on each segment at the sides ; anal tuft white: fore wing grey, darkest on the middle of the costa, blackish on the basal half of the hinder margin, the wing covered with minute white irrorations, dense at the base and on the lower half of the middle; below the cell a white, sinuous, transverse, antemedial line; a small white Junular mark at the end of the cell ; a postmedial band of grey lunules outwardly edged with white ; a submarginal row of black lunules, outavardly edged with white; veins brown, finely marked with white: hind wing uniformly vrey, with a nearly straight white band from the middle of the costa to the abdominal margin above the anal angle ; cilia of both wings grey. Underside coloured uniformly grey as on the upperside of the hind wing; a transverse medial white band on both wings, nearly straight on fore wing, outwardly and evenly curved on hind wing. Bod concolorous with the wings ; abdomen with the lateral white spots continued into segmeutal bands, its anal segment white ; lees with white hairs. Expanse of wings 1, inch. Hab. Yackandandah, Victoria (H. W. Davey). Species of Indo-Ma’ayan Lepidoptera. 335 Family Deilemereida. Deilemera luzonica, nov. ?. Belongs to the evergista group, nearest to eres, Boisd., and gerra, Swinhoe (Trans. Ent. Soc. 1903, p. 63, pl.iv. fig.1); fore wing of the same blackish-brown colour ; a longitudinal white streak near the base, shorter than in gerra, with a small white spot below it near the base; a very large white patch with waved outer side, commencing at the upperend of the cell in a narrow rounded form, broadening hindwards to the internal vein ; its inner side is slightly excavated at the lower margin of the cell, and then runs inwards below the outer end of the basal streak, occupying a large portion of the central space of the wing; two large white, rounded, submarginal spots as in gerra, but much larger: hind wing with a narrow costal blackish-brown band and an even outer marginal band, as in gerra, with a submarginal white spot in it, a little below the apex. Head and body yellow ; collar with two biack spots ; thorax covered with short green scales ; abdo- men with broad black segmental bands. Expanse of wings 1,8, inch. Hab, Luzon, Philippines. Deilemera purata, nov. ?. Milk-white ; palpi white, the last joint black; top of head with a black spot, two on the collar; thorax with a black medial line, and another thinner line on each side of it; abdomen with a dorsal row of pale blackish spots; legs white, without markings: fore wings with the veins grey, a darker grey blotch or patch at the lower end of the cell: hind wing with dark grey streaks at the vein-ends, decreasing in size hindwards. Underside with all the vein-ends grey and a large space on the fore wing blackish from the base to the end of the cell, extending upwards to the costa, the veins through this black space white. Expanse of wings 1,% inch. Hab. Luzon, Philippines. Figured by Semper as a female aberration * of Detlemera sonticum, Swinhoe, also from the Philippines ; but I have in my museum both sexes of sonticum trom Mindanao and Luzon. ‘lhe sexes of that species are alike and are widely different from this form, though the palpi, head, and body are similarly marked. *°Phil, Schmett. pl. lviii. fig. 7 (1899). 336 Colonel C. Swinhoe on new Family Lymantriide. Euproctis servilis. Fuproctis servilis, Walker, xxxii. 850 (1865). d. Darala prima, Walker, xxxv. 1917 (1866). ¢. Euproctis incompta, Snellen, Tijd. voor Ent. xx. p. 9, pl. i. fig. 2 (1879). ¢. Euproctis flavipennis, Snellen, 1. c. xxii. p. 107, pl. ix. fig. 1 (1879). 2. Euproctis cinerea, Heylearts, Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg. xxxvi. p. 10 (1892). Euproctis nurma, Druce, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) iii. p. 469 (1899). Type &, Celebes, in Mus. Oxon. Type g prima, Celebes, in Mus. Oxon. Types g incompta, Java, in coll. Snellen. Type ? flavipennis, Makassar, Celebes, in coll. Snellen. Type cinerea, Java. Type nurma, Timor, in coll. Joicey. As stated in my monograph of this family in Trans, Ent. Soc. 1903, p. 420, the colour of the fore wings varies much, from pale yellow to olive-brown, and the hind wings from yellow to white. I have the two extremes from the same locality ; I have received it from Celebes, Java, Talaut, and Kina Balu, Borneo: the markings are all identical. Family Hadenide. C irphis philippensis, nov. & 2. Palpi, head, body, and fore wings brownish ochreous, much as in the common C., loreyz, Dup.: fore wing with a narrow white streak along the median vein to the end of the cell, with some blackish scales below its basal half ; narrower white streaks on all the other veins, and still narrower (very fine) streaks in all the interspaces ; some blackish sealing on the basal half of the hinder margin ; a small black mark ‘at the lower end of the cell, at the end of the white streak first mentioned, a black dot in the interspace below the middle of the cell, and another in the same interspace more than half the distance between it and the outer margin, some black points on the outer margin ; cilia brownish ochreous, variegated by the white streaks running into it: hind wings pure white, without any markings. Underside with the fore wing paler, with the white streaks less distinct and a black spot one-sixth before the apex, close to the costa. Expanse of wings, ¢ 9, 14% inch. Hab, Luzon, Philippines, Species of Indo-Malayan Lepidoptera. 337 Family Catocalide. Attatha flavata, nov. 9. Head and body yellow; collar black; a broad black band across the middle of the thorax ; a square black patch at the base of the abdomen: fore wings bright yellow; ashort black streak from the base; a long black streak on the hinder margin, not reaching the base nor the hinderangle; a black band from the middle of the costa, narrowing hindwards to near the hinder angle, and a triangular black patch from the costa near the apex, much asin A. regalis, Moore, from. India ; four black spots on the lower portion of the outer margin: hind wing paler yellow, with a marginal series of small biack spots. Underside dull yellow, quite uniform in colour ; a rather large, quadrate, blackish patch at the end of the cell ; small black marginal spots on the hind wing. Expanse of wings, ¢, 1,8; inch. Hab. Manilla ; two examples received from Herr Semper as A. flavata, Semper ined., but has never been published. Aitatha coccinea, nov. 9. A larger insect than flavata ; head and thorax yellow; frons black ; collar, middle band across thorax, and patch at base of abdomen black as in flavata ; abdomen scarlet: fore wing bright yellow, the bands and streaks as in flavata ; ; the apical pateh not excavated on its outer side as in regalis, the ceutral band narrower: hind wing scarlet, marginal spots small and black. Und erside: both wings and body and Jegs uniform scarlet ; fore wing with a dark black patch at end of cell as in flavata, but blacker, no black patch in the middle of the outer margin as in regalis, one black spot at the end of vein 3, and a series of black spots on the outer margin of the hind wing; the subterminal large black spot in regalis near the anal mes on the upperside not present. Iixpanse of wings, 2, 1, inch. Hab. Luzon Pent Family Stictopterida. Stictoptera poliata, nov. 9. Head, body, and fore wings dark grey, covered with blackish irrorations , which areuniformly distributed throughout the fore wings except in the middle of the wing, through which there is a prominent black thick line, uniform, and evenly outwardly curved, marginal points black : hind wings with 338 Colonel (1. Swinhoe on new broad and even black border, which occupies nearly half of the outer portion of the wing; a black cell-spot and black veins ; cilia grey. Underside paler grey, with very broad black borders to both wings: fore wings with a black dis- coidal spot and another above it close to the costa: hind wings with a large black discoidal spot. Expanse of wings 13 inch. Hab. Singapore. Received with several examples of 8. plagifera, Walker, Journ. Linn. Soe. vil. p. 187 (1864), and described by Walker asa Thermesia; type in Mus. Oxon., and apparently over- looked and omitted in Phal. x1. Stictoptera wetterensis, nov. 6. Fore wing narrow and long, the outer margin very oblique and but ‘slightly convex ; head, body, and tore wing dark pinkish grey, thickly irrorated with black atoms: fore wing with a short black linear mark below the cell-end, a shorter one at the end, a transverse similar mark near the hinder angle, a longer similar mark parallel with the costa at the apex, and an obscure blackish mark near the hinder margin one-third from the base: hind wing dull white, the veins black; a fairly broad even black band on the outer margin. Underside dirty white, all the veins black: fore wing nearly all blackish, tlre whitish part confined to the space below the cell: hind wing with a discoidal black line and blackish borders as on the upperside. Expanse of wings 14 inch. Hab. Wetter Island, South-west Islands, Amboina. ‘The Amboina examples are almost identical with that from Wetter; when more material comes to hand the genitalia must be examined to determine its exact position. Stictoptera tongloana, nov. . Head, body, and fore wings greyish brown with a slight pinkis sh tinge: fore wings witli a number of indistinct, transverse, blackish, waved immece a black spot inwardly white-edged at the end of the cell, a small black mark below the cell beyond its middle, another rather larger beyond it, with a small one above it continucd upward ina waved linear form to near tle costa, a similar submarginal disjointed row of black marks, and two black round spots at the apex; all the other marks more or less lunular and encircled by a paler ground than that of the rest of the wing; a row of pale blackish lunules s, inwardly pale-edged, close to the outer ? Fyttee¥- * : i? alee Species of Indo-Malayan Lepidoptera. 339 margin, and small dark black lunules, inwardly pale-edged, on the margin: hind wings smoky white, veins black ; a very broad, even, black marginal band, occupying one-third of the Wing-space ; cilia white. Underside much as in wetterensis. Expanse of wings 1% inch. Hab. 'VYonglo, Solomon Islands. Stictoptera dispar, nov. 3 ¢. Palpi, head, body, and fore wings dark chocolate- brown, nearly black; palpi grey in front: fore wing with the base and outer portions slightly paler, markings very in- distinct ; a transverse, somewhat oblique, and very indistinct band, postmedial, parallel with the outer margin, and beyond the reniform, a paler band adjoining its outer side somewhat reddishi-tinged, with some obscure black spots in it, and black Junular marks on the margin: hind wings smoky white, the veins black ; outer margin broadly and evenly black, occu- pying more than one-third of the wing. Underside of the usual pattern, but the fore wing has four rather prominent white spots on the costa before the apex, and the hind winga prominent discal lunular bar which runs up to the costa. Expanse of wings 1,5 inch. Hab. Mt. Kebea, Brit. N. Guinea, 6000’. I have four examples which I received as 8. macromma, Snellen (from Celebes), but they do not correspond with Snellen’s figure or description, or with Hampson’s description in Phal. xi. p. 162. Stictoptera commutata, nov. 9. Fore wings much as in dispar, but there is a very large round white spot below the cell at the base of vein 3, which slightly enters the cell and also slightly crosses vein 2 ; at the base of the wing there are some dull ochreous scales and dull ochreous hairs covering the upper sides of the thorax, two spots behind, and some on the first two segments of the abdomen: hind wings and underside as in dispar. Expanse of wings 71,2 Yo inch. Hab. Mt. Kebes, But. N. Guinea, 6000’. Two exaniples. Family Epiplemide. Epiplema rhacina, nov. 3. Upperside of a uniform olive-brown colour: fore wing »with the basal half of the costa irrorated with dark brown; a 340 Colonel C. Swinhoe on new double ring-shaped mark somewhat like a figure of 8 in the cell, another at its end, and a tiird below the end, the last two more or less connected ; the basal half of the fore wing is finely striated with brown thin striations ; there are indica- tions of an outwardly curved brown antemedial line on the fore wing, and a sinuous outwardly curved middle line con- nected with the two outer ring-marks; both wings with a postmedial line, sinuous in the fore wing, its upper half very deeply outwardly curved, double on the hind wing, waved and very slightly outwardly curved ; a row of submarginal brown spots on both wings; outer margin of the fore wing somewhat excavated below the apex as in J. moza, Butler *, but not so deeply, and the two tails of the hind wing blunt aud very short. Underside pale pinkish grey, both wings with discoidal marks, double brown transverse lines rather close together, and minute submarginal spots. Uxpanse of wings 1,3, inch. Hab. Khasia Hills. Family Pyralide. Crithote horridipes. Crithote horridipes, Walker, Journ, Linn. Soc., Zool. vii. p. 183 (1864). Selenis crinipes, Snellen, Tijd. yoor Ent. xxiii. p. 109, pl. viii. figs. 4,4a@ (1880). Type, Sarawak, Borneo, in Mus. Oxon. Type ertnipes, Bonthain, Celetes, in coll. Snellen. Apparently a very widely distributed species. I have it from Gilolo, the Khasia Hills, and from N. Kanara, 8. India; there is no appreciable difference in any of them. Avitta subsignans. Aritta subsignans, Waller, xv. 1675 (1858). Oroba surrigens, Walker, Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. vii. p. 81 (1864), Epizeuxis inductalis, Snellen, Tijd. voor Ent. xxiii. p. 130 (1680), and xxiv. p. 68, pl. vi. fig. 8 (1881). Avitta fasciosa, Moore, Descr. Ind. Lep. Atk. p. 194, pl. vi. fig. 26 (1882). Type, Kanara, 8. India, in B. M. Type surrigens, Sarawak, Borneo, in Mus. Oxon. ‘l'ype inductalis, Makassar, Celebes, in coll. Snellen. Type fasciosa, Khasia Hills, in coll. Staudinger. Another widely-spread species. Snellen records it from Java, and I have received it from Sumba Island, Java, Goping, Perak, Coomoo (Queensland), the Andaman Islands, * Ann, & Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) i. p. 402 (1878), ” mek Pt Mt he ; i i Species of Indo-Mulayan Lepidoptera. 341 Bombay, Nilgiri Hills, and the Khasia Hills—all apparently eniical ; whether the examination of the genitalia will bear this out remains to be proved. Osericana albistella. Osericana albistella, Walker, xxxiv. 1214 (1865). Pinacia pupillalis, Snellen, Tijd. voor Ent. xxviii, p. 7, pl. i. fig. 7 (1885). Hab. Sumatra. — Both types are from Sumatra. I have also a pair from Nias. The fore wing of the male is much paler-than that of the female, the hind wing of both sexes very pale in colour. Osericana albistella trypheropa, nov.\ 6 ¢. Both wings of a uniform purplish grey, the hind wing perhaps a shade lighter in colour than the fore wing, the “pectinations of the ‘Jong antennge more robust than in allistella, the markings similar. Expanse of wings, g ?, 14% inch. Hab. Palawan, Puilippines; 1 g,3 9. Osericana albistella syntypistis, nov. 6 2. Uniformly smaller than either of the foregoing forms ; the colour of the hind wing about the same as in trypheropa, the colour of the fore wing very much darker; the abdomen with more greyish suffusion, the yellow anal tuft entirely black on the upperside ; in the other two forms there are only a few blackish bairs. Expanse of wings, ¢ 175, 2 ae fy inch. Hab. Lawang, E. Java; 1 6, Simplicta schaldusalis. Bocana schaldusalis, Walker, xvi. 180 (1858). Culicula himarginata, Walker, Journ. Linn. Soe. vii. p. 178 (1865). Simplicia infausta, Felder, Reise Noy., Lep. pl. exx. fig. 45 (1873). Nabartha marginata, Moore, Lep. Ceylon, iil. p. 234, pl. te fig. 2 (1885). Simplicia griseolimbalis, Snellen, Tijd. voor Ent. xxix. p. 47, pl. ii. fig. 4 (1886). Hab. Walker’s and Felder’s types are from Sarawak, Borneo, Moore’s from Ceylon, and Snellen’s from Sumatra. It appears to be a very widely spread form; I have it also from the Solomons and from Obi Island in the Moluccas, and without examining the genitalia [ can find no difference between them. 342. On new Species of Indo-Malayan Lepidoptera. Family Pyraustida. MarGaroniina. Margaronia alboscapulalis, nov. Glyphodes alboscapulalis, Kenrick, MS. 3 2. Upperside: head and shoulders black ; a white spot on the collar; body black, a short tuft of white hairs on each side from the base of the thorax: fore wings black ; a white spot below the costa a little before its middle ; a large, oval, discal white patch as in M. doleschal, Lederer: hind wings white, with a broad black band, narrowest on the costa, very broad at the apex, narrowing somewhat hindwards to the anal angle. Underside: palpi and body white ; abdomen of the male with some black marks, anal tuft black, of the female with the lower half black ; legs white. Expanse of wings, ¢ 2, 1;3,-1;4 inch. Hab, Ekeiki, Mt. Kebea, Brit. Cent. N. Guinea. A fine series of both sexes, allied to M. doleschal’, Lederer, but is easily distinguishable by its white hind wings, dole- schali having black hind wings, with a very large, almost round, white spot. SYLEPTINZ. Sylepta zarialis, nov. g. Cream-coloured, almost pure white, but not shining ; palpi chocolate-brown above: fore wing with the costa pale chocolate, outer marginal fine line, and a little apical suffusion of the same colour very pale: hind wing with the outer marginal line very faintly touched with the same tint of colour; otherwise the head, body, wings above and below, and the legs without any markings. Expanse of wings, g, 1 inch. Hab. Dinawa, 4000’, Brit. N. Guinea. PYRAUSTINZE. Aphytoceros subflavalis, nov. 3. Pale yellow ; head and body without markings ; abdo- men with the anal tuft black ; a small brush of yellow hairs in its middle. Wings above uniform pale yellow, markings pale chocolate-brown : fore wing with two outwardly oblique sinuous lines, two more antemedial, more close together; a dot in the cell, two short lines from the costa across the end of the cell, curved towards each other, with a darker line between ; 4 E On the Lemurs of the Hapalemur Group. 343 them; two more or less sinuous lines from the inner end of the above, straight to the hinder margin, slightly more sepa- rated hindwards ; two postmedial fea oan the costa to a little below vein 2, somewhat separated from each other at the costa, connected near its end by a thin sinuous line with the lower end of the discoidal lines, and four small rings attached to the outer half of these two lines ; some marginal spots and a little suffusion below the middle of the space between: hind wing with a dark lunular line at the end of the cell ; two lines from the middle of the costa extending hindwards towards the anal angle, the lines anastomosing halfway down ; a sinuous line from the costa near the apex to the anal angle, where it somewhat thickens ; some suffusion at the apex of the wing; both wings with dark marginal line _and yellow cilia, interlined by a pale brown line. Underside pale glistening yellowish white, the markings of the upperside ae or less indicated. Body and legs yellow without any markings. Mecpance of wings, ¢, 1,75 inch. Hab. Avfak Mts., 6000, N. New Guinea. Not unlike a very large ‘Margaronia cesalis, Walker. XXXI.—The Lemurs of the Hapalemur Group. By Kk. I. Pocock, F.R.S. On Hapalemur and Prolemur. Tn addition to the skeleton and skull of the Hapalemur simus described by Beddard (P. Z. 8. 1901, pp. 121-129), the Zoological Society’s collection contains, the following ma- terials of Hapalemur, all the specimens being labelled Hi. griseus, Madagascar, without nearer locality :— 1. The skull of an adult but small specimen, without history of any kind. 2. The skin of a small, probably immature, male specimen which was received in Nov. 1887, and has never been described. 3. The skin of the adult male described by Beddard (P. Z. 8. 1884, pp. 391-399), and later by Bland Sutton (P. Z. S. 1887, p. 369). 4, The skin and skull of an adult male dated June 9th, 1903, to Sept. 17th, 1904, which like no, 2, has never been described. 344 Mr. R. I. Pocock on the This paper is based primarily upon an examination of these examples. The two species above named have quite an extensive literature. Skulls assigned to H. griseus have been figured on several occasions. ‘l’o these and to the specimens in the Society’s collection I shall revert later. Good figures of the skull of ZZ. simus have been published, notably by Gray (P. Z. 8. 1870, pp. 829-830, figs. 1-4), by Jentink (Notes Leyd. Mus. vii. 1885, p. 33), by Milne- Edwards and Grandidier (Hist. Nat. Madag. Mamm., Atlas ii. pls. exxii. G & H, 1890-1896), and by Elliot (Mon. Primates, i. pl. xvii., 1912); and it may be noted that these figures attest no structural variations of moment, suggesting that more than one form has been described under the name simus. As I shall presently attempt to show, this is not the case with skulls ascribed to LZ. griseus. The generic name /Japalemur, proposed in 1851 by I. Geoffroy for the species then known as Lemur griseus, met with universal and unchallenged acceptance until 1912, when Eliiot, misled by a superficial inspection of the text, substituted ALioxicebus—emended to Myoxicebus—on the alleged, but entirely erroneous, grounds that Lesson in 1840 had given the latter title to the type-species of Hapalemur. It is quite true that the first species cited under Muiowicebus was named griseus ; but it is equally and obviously true that the diagnoses, both generic and specific, of Miovicebus griseus have noapplicability to Wapalemur griseus. On the contrary, they fit tolerably closely the species for which they were intended, namely, Chircgaleus major, then known as mili, It is possible that Lesson had at the time a specimen of a different but closely allied species of Chirogaleus before him ; but until evidence on that head is forthcoming Ad‘oaicebus griseus must stand as a synonym of Chirogaleus major. Hapalemur consequently resumes its former place in litera- ture =; * Another unnecessary change introduced by Elliot into the nomen- clature of lemurs is the substitution of the new name + Pine Yo = end vs Tt Fe. eee ee ee =— 378 Mr. C. T. Regan on the Clupeid Fishes Eye 5 to 6 in length of head, which is 8 to 83 in ; length of fish; 180-250 gill-rakers on lower part Of BNIETIOT GEON. 6 ae ses 45 cos & See poet 2. longiceps. B. Pelvic fins 8-rayed ; a dark spot at base of anterior rays of dorsal fin. 1. Mediterranean and West African species. Depth 33 to 4 in length; 60 to 95 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch (in specimens of 100 ’ $6, S00 rays.) Bs eee suet + halon vase eee ee 3. maderensis. Depth 3} to 33 in length; 110 to 130 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch (in specimens of 100 £0; SODimmss) CNS Se RS Sel ote Gls ee 4. eba. Depth 3 in length; 90 to 100 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch (in specimens of 170 to SAM) MOEA. cacti sWeis Ce etae tee oitis Seats I ga 5. cameronensis. 2, Indo-Pacifie species. Depth 2? in length; 130 gill-rakers on lower part of BU LOMON MECH, see om soe Ae aE ae so Sees 6. dayt. Depth 23 to 3; gill-rakers 55 to 65; diameter of eye oto 33 in length of head. !4 (0). 050 5. ok 7. brachysoma. Depth 3; gill-rakers 48 to 55; diameter of eye 3} to o2.in length rot heads * <)f.. 6 see wees eee ee Ge 8. perforata. Depth 3 to 34; gill-rakerg'70 to 75 {00.5 s..dcheet 9. fimbriata. Depth 3} to 4; gill-rakers 58 to 62 .............. 10. sindensis. Depth 33 to 4; gill-rakers 50 to 55 .........5044. ll. gibbosa. Depth 33 to 4; gill-rakers 38 to 44 .............. 12. melanura. II. Ventral scutes feebly keeled. Maxillary nearly or quite reaching to below eye; 36 to 40 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch ; pelvics below anterior half of dorsal .......... 13. sum. Maxillary not reaching eye; 27 to 31 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch; pelvics below origin of dorsal i. 33.45 afinsmum ene te heb s wees 14. clupeoides, pe tna, vii: 1. Sardinella aurita,' ? Clunea ceruleo-vittata, Richards, Ichth. China, p. 305 (1846) *. Sartinel/a aurita, Cuy. & Val. Hist. Nat. Poiss. xx. p. 263, pl. 594 (1847). Sardinella anchovia, Cuv. & Val. t. c. p. 269. Meletia mediterranea, Cuv. & Val. t. c. p. 369. Sardinella lemuru, Bleek. Nat. Tijdschr. Ned. Ind. v. 1853, p. 500. ? Sardinia pseudvhispanica, Poey, Mem. Cuba, ii. p. 311 (1860). Clupea aurita, Giinth. Cat. Fish. vii. p. 420 (1868), Clupea anchovia, Gunth. t. ¢. p. 421. Clupea melanosticta, Giinth. t. ¢. p. 430. Clupea lemuru, Giinth, t. ¢. p, 430; Bleek. Atl. Ichth. vi. p. 108, Clup. pl. ix. fig. 1 (1872). ? Clipea psendohispanica, Giinth. t. ¢. p. 442. Clupea brasiliensis, Steind. Sitzungsb. Akad. Wien, Ixxx. 1880, p. 182. * Richardson's description is based on a coloured figure by Reeves, probably, but not certainly, intended to represent this species. of the Genera Sardinella, Harengula, &e. 379 Clupanodon pseudohispanicus, Jord. & Everm. Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. xlvii. 1896, p. 423. Sardinella anchovia, Jord, & Everm. ¢. ¢. p. 429. Clupea immaculata, Kishinouye, Journ. Imp. Fisheries Bureau Tokyo, xiv. 1907, p. 96, pl. xix. fig. 1. Sardinella euxina, Antipa, Denkschr. Akad. Wien, lxxviii. 1906, p. 46 pl. iii. fig. 12. Clupea longiceps, Weber & Beaufort, Fish. Indo-Austral. Archipelago, il, p. 82 (1913). Depth of body 4 to 5} in the length, length of head 33 to4. Snout as long as or longer than diamcier of eye, which is 34 to 44 in the “length of ~head ; maxillary extending to below anterior 4 of eye; a patch of teeth on the tongue. 110 (young) to 160 gill-rakers on lower part ofwanterior arch. About 48 Bae in a longitudinal serigs, 12 to 14 ina transverse series; ventral scutessharply keeled, 18-20 + 13-15. Dorsal 16-20. Anal15-19. Pelvics 9- ray ved, inserted. below or behind middle of dorsal. A dark spot at edge of operculum. Vertebree 47 or 48. Cape Cod to Rio Janeiro; Black Sea and Mediterranean ; Indo-Australian Archipelago, China, and Southern Japan. The description is based on eight specimens, 120 to 180 mm. long, from Havana, Trinidad, and Rio de Janeiro (S. an- chovia), several of 110 to 130 mm. from Algiers, the type of S. lemuru from Java (145 mm. long) and two examples from China, 180 mm. long (C. mere Giinth.). Ina very small fish (75 mm.) I count 80 gill-rakers on the lower part of the anterior arch. The discontinuous distribution of this species is remark- able ; in the Indian Ocean it is represented by the allied S. longiceps. 2. Sardinella longiceps. Sardinella longiceps, Cuv. & Val. Hist. Nat. Poiss. xx. p. 273 (1847). Sardinella neohowti, Cuv. & Val. t. ¢. p. 274. Alosa scombrina, Cuv. & Val. t.c. p. 442. Clupea hee Giinth. Cat. Fish. vii. p. 428 (1868); Day, Fish. India, . 637. Guinea scombrina, Giinth. t. ¢c. p. 448. Depth of body 4 to 42 in the length, length of head 3 to 33, Snout longer than diameter of eye, which is 5 to 6 in the leneth of head; maxillary extending to below anterior part or nearly to middle of eye. 180 to 250 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch. 46 to 48 scales in a longitudinal series, 12 or 13 in a transverse series ; ventral arabes, sharply keeled, 18-21+13-15. Dorsal 16-18. Anal14-16. Pelvies 9-rayed, below or behind middle of dorsal. A dark spot at 'edge of operculum. Vertebice 47.: A Q5% 880 Mr. C. T. Regan on the Clupeid Fishes Indian Ocean. Several specimens, 120 to 180 mm. in total length, from Mombasa, Muscat, and India. 3. Sardinella maderensis. Clupea maderensis, Lowe, Trans. Zool. Soc. ii. 1839, p. 189. ? Sardinella granigera, Cuv. & Val. Hist. Nat. Poiss. xx. p. 267 (1847). Clupea maderensis (part.), Giinth. Cat. Fish. vii. p. 440 (1868). Depth of body 32 to 4 in the length, length of head 3§ to 41, Snout as long as or a little longer than diameter of eye, which is 34 to 4 in length of head; maxillary extending to below anterior + of eye. 60 to 95 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch. 48 to 5U scales in a longitudinal, 12 or 13 in a transverse series; ventral scutes 19-20+14-16. Dorsal 18-19. Anal 18-19. Pelvics 8-rayed, a little in advance of middle of dorsal. A dark spot at base of anterior dorsal rays. Vertebre 48. Eleven specimens, 110 to 300 mm. in total length, from Madeira, Cape Verde Is., and Mogadore. If S. granigera be this species, it occurs in the Medi- terranean, 4, Sardinella eba. Alosa eba, Cuv. & Val. Hist. Nat. Poiss. xx. p. 369 (1847). Clupea maderensis (part.), Giinth. Cat. Fish. vii. p. 440 (1868). Depth of body 33 to 32 in the length, length of head 32 to 4, Snout as long as diameter of eye, which is 34 to 4 in the length of head ; maxillary extending to below anterior 4 of eye or alittle beyond. 110 to 130 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch. 44 to 46 scales in a longitudinal, 11 to 13 in a transverse series; ventral scutes 18-19+14. Dorsal 18-20. Anal 17-22. Pelvics 8-rayed, below middle of dorsal. A dark spot at base of anterior dorsal rays. Ver- tebree 46. . Mediterranean ; West Africa. Eight specimens, 110 to 200 mm. in total length, from Egypt, Algiers, and Nigeria. 5. Sardinella cameronensis, sp. 0. Clupea senegalensis (non Benn.), Giinth. Cat. Fish. vii. p. 441 (1868) *. Depth of body 3 in the length, length of head 4. Snout * Alosa senegalensis, Bennett (Proc. Zool. Soc, i, 1831, p. 147), is probably a synonym of Sardina pilchardus. of the Genera Sardinella, Harengula, Se. 381 as long as diameter of eye, which is 33 in length of head; maxillary extending to below anterior 4 of eye. 90 to 100 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch. 44 scales in a longitudinal, 13 in a transverse series ; ventral scutes 18- 19+14. Dorsal 18-19. Anal 20-21. Pelvics 8-rayed, below middle of dorsal. Caudal lobes long, 4 length of fish. A dark spot at base of anterior dorsal rays. Vertebre 46. Two specimens, 170 and 200 mm. in total length, from Camaroon. 6. Sardinella dayi, sp. n. Depth of body 2? in the length, length of head 34. Snout as long as diameter of eye, which is 32 in length of head; maxillary extending to below anterior 4 of eye. 130 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch, 44 scales in a Jongitudinal and 12 in a transverse series; ventral scutes 19+13. Dorsal 18, nearly equidistant from end of snout and base of caudal. Anall9. Pelvics 8-rayed, below middle of dorsal. Pectoral ? length of head. Silvery; back darker; a blackish spot at base of anterior dorsal rays.; upper part of dorsal and edge of caudal dusky. A single specimen, 125 mm. long, from Karwar, India, presented by N. B. Kinnear, Esq. ‘Lhe species is named in memory of Dr. Francis Day. 7. Sardinella brachysoma. ? Kowala albella, Cuv. & Val. Hist. Nat. Poiss, xx. p. 362, pl. 602 (1847). Sardinella brachysoma, Bleek. Verh. Bat. Gen. xxiv. 1852, Haringacht. p- 19. Hurengula hypselosoma, Bleek. Nat. Tijdschr. Ned. Ind. viii. 1855, p- 427. Clupea brachysoma, Ginth. Cat. Fish. vii. p. 423 (1868) ; Bleek. Atl Ichth. vi. p. 104, Clup. pl. ix. fig. 4 (1872); Day, Fish. India, p. 635, pl. elxni. fig. 3 (1878); Weber & Beaufort, Fish. Indo-Austral. Archipel. ii. p. 70, fig. 25 (1913). Clupea hypselosoma, Giinth. t. c. p. 431; Bleek. /. ¢, pl. ix. fig, 2. Depth of body 23 to 3 in the length, length of head 4 to 4%. Snout shorter than diameter of eye, which is 3 to 34 in length of head ; maxillary extending to below anterior 4 of eye or a little beyond. 55 to 65 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch. 40 to 44 scales in a longitudinal and 12 or 13 in a transverse series ; ventral scutes 17—20+12-13. Dorsal 17-20. Anal 18-22. Pelvics 8-rayed, below or in advance of middle of dorsal. A dark spot at base of dorsal ; upper part of dorsal and ends of caudal lobes often dusky. India ; Malay Archipelago. 382 Mr. C. T. Regan on the Clupeid Fishes Seven examples, 100 to 150 mm. in length, from Madras, gph aN Java, and Amboina, including the types of the species and of HH. hypselosoma. 8. Sardinella perforata. Clupeonia perforata, Cantor, J. As. Soc. Bengal, xviii. 1850, p. 1276. Clupalosa bulan, Bleek. Verh. Bat. Gen, xxii. 1849, Madura, p. 12. Spratella kowala, Bleek. Nat. Tijdschr. Ned. Ind. ii. 1851, p. 492. Clupea perforata, Giiuth, Cat. Fish. vii. p. 424 (1868) ; Bleek. Atl. Ichth. vi. p. 110, Clup. pl. x. fig. 2 (1872); Weber & Beaufort, Indo-Austral. Arch. Fish. ii. p. 74 (1918). Clupea bulan, Bleek. Atl. Ichth. vi. p. 110, Clup. pl. viii. fig. 5 (1872). Depth of body about 3 in the length, length of head 4 to 42. Snout as long as or a little shorter than diameter of eye, which is 34 to 32 in length of head; maxillary extending to below anterior 4 of eye. 48 to 55 (58) gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch. About 44 scales ina longitudinal, 12 or 13 inatransverse series ; ventral scutes 17-20 + 10-13. Dorsal 17-20. Anal 17-20. Pelvics 8-rayed, below or in advance of middle of dorsal. A dark spot at base of anterior dorsal rays. Indian Ocean and Archipelago. Several specimens, 90 to 130 mm. in total length, including types of the species, of S. howala, and C. bulan, from the Persian Gulf and the Malay Archipelago. 9. Sardinella fimbriata. Spratella fimbriata, Cuy. & Val, Hist. Nat. Poiss. xx. p. 859, pl. 600 (1847). Korvala lauta, Cantor, J. As. Soc, Bengal, xviii. 1850, p. 1279. Clupea fimbriata, Giinth. Cat. Fish. vii. p. 427 (1868). Depth of body 3 to 33 in the length, length of head 4. Snout as long as diameter of eye, which is 33 to 32 in length of head; maxillary extending to below anterior 4 of eye or a little beyond. 70 to 75 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch. About 45 scales in a longitudinal and 12 in a_trans- verse series ; ventral scutes 18-19+12-13. Dorsal 18-19. Anal 18-21. . Pelvics 8-rayed, in advance of middle of dorsal. A dark spot at base of anterior dorsal rays; upper part of dorsal and posterior edge of caudal dusky. Sea of Bengal. ? Four specimens, 110 to 125 mm. long, from Akyab, Orissa, Malabar, and Madras (Day), and the types of K, lauta (skins) from Pinang. of the Genera Sardinella, Harengula, ce. 383 10. Sard nella s ‘ndensis. Clupea sindensis, Day, Fish. India, p. 638, pl. elxiii. fig. 2 (1878). Depth of body 34 to 4 in the length, length of head 32 to 4}, Snout as long as or shorter than diameter of eye, which Is dd to 3f in the length of head ; maxillary extending to below anterior 4 of eye. 58 to 66 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch. 44 to 48 scales in a longitudinal, 11 to 14 in a transverse series ; ventral scutes 17-19+ 12-15. Dorsal 17-19. Anal 18-21. Pelvics 8-rayed, below or in advance of middle of dorsal. A dark spot at base of anterior dorsal rays ; upper part of dorsal and ends of caudal lobes sometimes blackish. Indian Ocean and Archipelago. Thirteen specimens, 95 to 130 mm. in total length, from Sind, Bombay, Amboina, and Formosa. 11. Sardineila gibbosa. ? Clupanodon jussieut, Lacep. Hist. Nat. Poiss. v. pp. 469, 474, pl. xi. fig. 2 (1803). ? Clupeonia jussieut, Cuv. & Val. Hist. Nat. Poiss. p. 346 (1847); Sauvage, Hist. Madagascar Poiss. p, 495. ? Clipeonia fasciata, Cuy. & Val. t. ¢. p. 349. Clupea gibbusa, Bleek. Journ. Ind. Arch. iii. 1849, p. 72; and Atl. Ichth. vi. p. 106, Clup. pl. viii. fig. 6 (1872). Spratella tembang, Bleek. Verh. Bat. Gen. xxiy. 1852, Haringacht. 2 Clupea tembang (part.), Giinth. Cat. Fish. vii. p. 426 (1868). Clupea fimbriata (part.), Day, Fish. India, p. 637; Weber & Beaufort, Fish. Indo-Austral. Arch. u. p. 75, fig. 26 (1915). Depth of body 34 to 4 inthe length, length of head 4 to 41, Snout as long as or longer than diameter of eye, which is 34 to 4 in length of head; maxillary extending to below anterior 1 or 4 of eye. 50 to 55 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch. 44 to 48 scales in a longitudinal, 11 to 13 in a transverse series; ventral scutes 18-204-13-15. Dorsal 17-20. Anal17-19. Pelvics 8-rayed, somewhat in advance of middle of dorsal, A dark spot at base of anterior dorsal rays ; upper part of dorsal and posterior edge of caudal often dusky. i Indiam Ocean and Archipelago. Eleven specimens, 100 to 160 mm. in total length, from Durban, Mombasa, Ganjam, Madras, Siam, Celebes, Java, and Amboyna, including the type of 8. tembang. 384 Mr. C. T. Regan on the Clupeid Fishes 12. Sardinella melanura. Clupanodon sinensis, var., Lacep, Hist. Nat. Poiss. v. pl. xi. fig. 3 1803). Clupea culate Cuv. Régne Anim. ed. 2, ii. p. 318 (1829). Clupeonia commersoni, Cuy. & Val. Hist. Nat. Poiss, xx. p. 350 (1847) ; Sauvage, Hist. Madagascar Poiss. p. 494 (1891). Spratella fimbriata, Bleek. Verh. Batay. Genootsch, xxiv. 1852, Haringacht. p. 27. Harengula melanurus, Bleek. Nat. Tijdschr. Ned. Ind. v. 1853, p. 245. Clupea atricawia, Giinth. Cat. Fish. vii. p. 426 (1868); Bleek. Atl. Ichth. vi. p. 106, Clup. pl. x. fig. 5 (1878); Day, Fish. India, p, 636, pl. clxiv. fig. 5 (1878); Weber & Beaufort, Fish. Indo-Austral, Arch. ii. p. 80 (1913). Clupea sundaica, Bleek. Atl. Ichth. vi. p. 105, Clup. pl. xiii. fig. 5 1872). Sanaa melanura, Sauvage, Hist. Madagascar Poiss., p. 492, pl. xlviii. fig. 4. Depth of body 34 to 4 in the length, length of head 4 to 41. Snout as long as or a little longer than diameter of eye, which is 34 to 4 in the length of head ; maxillary extending to below anterior 4 of eye. 88 to 44 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch. 44 to 46 scales in a longitudinal series, 12 or 13 in a transverse series ; ventral scutes sharply keeled, 19-20+13. Dorsal 18-19. Anal 16-18. Pelvics 8-rayed, below or a little in advance of middle of dorsal, A dark spot at base of anterior dorsal rays; ends of caudal lobes usually blackish. Indian Ocean and Archipelago. Four specimens, 115 to 160 mm. in total length, including two received from Dr. Bleeker as H/. melanurus and 8, fimbri- ata, which appear to be the specimens figured as C. atricauda and C. sundaica. 13. Sardinella sirm. Clupea sirm, Riipp. Neue Wirbelth. Fische, p. 77, pl. xxi. fig. 1 (1835-40); Gunth. Cat. Fish. vii. p. 425 (1868) ; Weber & Beaufort, Fish. Indo-Austral. Archipel. ii. p. 62 (1913). Sardinella leiogaster, Cuv. & Val. Hist. Nat. Poiss. xx. p. 270 (1847). Sardinella leiogastroides, Bleek. Nat. Tijdschr. Ned, Ind. vii, 1854, . 255. Claes liogaster, Bleek. Atl. Ichth. vi. p. 102, Clup. pl. iv. fig. 6 (1872) ; hlunzinger, Zool. Botan. Ges. Wien, xxi. 1871, p. 598; Weber & Beaufort, ¢. c. p. 61. Clupea leiogastroides, Bleek. 1. c. Clup. pl. xiv. fig. 2. Clupea pinguis, Giinth. Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. x. 1872, p. 425, and Brenchley’s Cruise of the ‘Curacoa,’ p. 426 (1873); Weber & Beaufort, ¢. ¢. p. 83. Depth of body 43 to 5 in the length, length of head 4 to 43. Snout longer than diameter of eye, which is 33 to 44 in the length of head; maxillary nearly or quite reaching of the Genera Sardinella, Harengula, &c. 385 vertical from anterior margin of eye. 36 to 40 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch. 42 to 45 scales in a longitudinal, 12 in a transverse series; ventral scutes 16-15+13-15. Dorsal 17-19. Anal 17-20. Pelvics 8-rayed, in advance of middie of dorsal. Indian Ocean and Archipelago. Six specimens, 105 to 185 mm. in total length, from Zanzibar, Batavia, Celebes, and Misol, including types of S. lioyastroides and C. pinguis. 14. Sardinella clupeoides. Amblygaster clupecides, Bleek. Journ. Ind. Arch. 1849, p. 73. Clupea clupeoides, Giinth. Cat. Fish. vii. p. 425 (i868); Bleek. Atl. Ichth. vi. p. 103, Clup. pl. xiv. fig. 1 (1872) ; Weber & Beaufort, Fish. Indo-Austral. Arcbipel. ii. p. 63 (1915). Clupea okinawensis, Kishinouye, Journ. Imp. Fisheries Bureau, Tokyo, xiv. 1907, p. 96, pl. xix. fig. 2. Depth of body 32 to 44 in the length, length of head 4 to 4}. Snout as long as or a little longer than diameter of eye, which is 3$ to 4 in length of head ; maxillary not extending to beloweye. 27 to 31 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch. 42 to 44 scales in a longitudinal, 12 in a transverse series; ventral scutes 16-17+12-14. Dorsal 17-19. Anal 16-18. Pelvics 8-1ayed, nearly below origin of dorsal. Malay Archipelago to Riu-Kiu Islands. ‘Two specimens, 160 and 230 mm. long, the latter the type of the species. OPpIsTHONEMA, Gill, 1861. Proc. Acad. Philadelphia, p. 37. Differs from Sardinella in that the last ray of the dorsal fin is prolonged into a filament. Two species from Tropical America, 1. Opisthonema oglinum. Clupea thrissa (non Linn.), Broussonet, Ichth. fase. 1 (1872); Giinth. Cat. Fish. vii. p. 482 (1868). Megalops oglina, Lesueur, J. Ac. Philad. i. 1817, p. 359. Opisthonema oglinum, Jord. & Everm. Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus, xlvii, * 1896, p. 452. Depth of body 24 to 32 in the length, length of head 4 to 42. Snout as long as ora little longer than diameter of eye, which is 33 to 4 in length of head; maxillary extending to below anterior } of eye. 65 (young) to 100 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch. 48 to 50 scales in a longitudinal, 386 Mr. C. T. Regan on the Clupeid Fishes 15 or 16 in a transverse series ; ventral scutes 17-20 + 13-16. Dorsal 18-20. Anal 22-25. Pelvics 8-rayed, a little in advance of middle of dorsal. Carolina to Brazil. Several examples, 85 to 275 mm, in total length. Opisthonema liberiatis. Meletta libertatis, Giinth. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1866, p. 603. Clupea libertatis, Giinth. Cat. Fish. vii. p. 433 (1868). Opisthonema libertate, Jord. & Everm. Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. xlvii. 1896, p. 433. Clupea ’( Opisthonema) bulleri, Regan, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) xiii. 1904, p. 255. Depth of body 3 to 34 in the length, length of head 3} to 41, Snout as long as or longer than diameter of eye, which is 33 to 5 in the length of head; maxillary extending to below anterior 4 or nearly to middle of eye. 85 (young) to 165 gill- obec, on lower part of anterior arch. 48 to 50 scales in a longitudinal, 14 to 16 in a transverse series ; ventral scutes 17-19+ 14-16. Dorsal 17-19. Anal 19-21. Pelvics 8-rayed, a little in advance of middle of dorsal. Pacific coast of Mexico and Central America; Galapagos IsJands. Several examples, 75 to 250 mm. in total length. HARENGULA, Val. 1847. Cuv. & Val. Hist. Nat. Poiss. xx. p. 277. This genus has never been properly distinguished from Sardinella, but they differ in some important characters, In Sardinella, as in Sardina, the two last rays of the anal fin are enlarged and the transverse grooves on the scales are paired, Pie inner ends separated by an interspace. In Harengula the posterior anal rays are equal and the trans- verse grooves on the scales are continuous; moreover, the lower jaw is more prominent and the sheath at the base of the dorsal fin is lower than in Sardinella. I count 39 ver- tebreein H. dispilonotus, 40 in H. maculosa and H. castelnaut, 44 in HH. pensacola, 42 in /7. schrammi, 43 in H. zunast, 43 or 44 in H. macrophthalma, and 44 in H. punctata, Like Sardinella, this genus occurs in the tropical ae Pacific; but whereas Sardinella has four West African and Mediterranean and only one Antillean species, Harengula has four species on the coasts of Tropical Amenes but is absent from the eastern Atlantic. = es of the Genera Sardinella, Harengula, &e. 387 The species are mostly smaller and of less economic value than those of Sardinzl/a, and some of them are reputed poisonous [ef. Cuv. & Val. xx. p. 295 (H. humeralis=ma- crophthalma) and p. 377 (Melettu venenosa= H. punctata)]. Synopsis of the Species... I, American. A. 27 to 33 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch. 1. Depth of operculum 2, diameter of eye 22 to 38 in length of head; depth of body 3 to 32 in the length. 1. maculosa. 1. Depth of operculum more than 3 length of head, diameter of eye 3 to 33 in length of head. Anal of 16-19 rays. Depth 3-82 in the length, Ren esan Uno a) sivae Oo ain eal» baye'aore oe 2. macrophthalma. Anal of 15 rays. rene 25 (-33) in the length, MER eee seri Frae ed Ua kets dn Ads wads MO hee 3. thrissina. B. 33 to 36 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch; depth of operculum 2 to 3 length of head; eye 23 to 3 in head ; depth of body 22 to 23 in the [ertg ae capi 4, pensacola. II. Indo-Pacific. A. 36 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch ; 36 to 38 scales in a longitudinal series ...........-.0005: 5, dispilonotus. B. 30 tu 34 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch ; 40 to 45 scales ina longitudinal series, Depth of body 22 in the length ................ 6. koningsberger?. Depth of body 33 to 4 in the length, length of head 34 to 4; eye 3 to 33 in length of head...... 7. punctata. Depth of body 4 to 44 in the length, length of head 4 to 42; eye 33 to 32 in length of head .... 8. schrammi. C. More than 40 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch, 1. Depth of body 23 to 3} in length; eye 3 in length of head; 45 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch. 9. castelnaut. 2. Depth of body 3 to 4 in length ; eye 33 to 33 in length of head. About 50 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch ; 40 to 42 scales in a longitudinal series; ends opeaudal lobes blackish. 4.5.55 2.0 ce a0 ase oles 10. vittata. About 50 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch ; 44 to 46 scales in a longitudinal series ; Caudal fim Gnihanite ss 65. fa we kale cc eal des 11. zunas?. 70 gill-rakers on lower part of See arch .... 12. nymphea. 1. Harengula maculosa. Harengula maculosa, Cuy. & Val. Hist. Nat. Poiss. xx, 1847, p. 292. Alcsa apicalis, Mill. & Trosch. in Schomburgk, Hist. Barbadoes, p. 678 (1848). Harengula jaguana, Poey, Rep. i. p. 190 (1866). Clupea macrophthaima, Giinth. Cat. Fish. vii. p. 421. 388 Mr. C. T. Regan on the Clupeid Fishes Sardinella sardina, Jord. & Everm. Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. xlvii. 1896, p- 480. Sardinella macrophthalmus, Jord. & Everm. 1. ec. Depth of body 3 to 3} in the length, length of head 33 to 33. Snout shorter than or nearly as long as diameter of eye, which is 23 to 3 in the length of head and greater than its distance from lower edge of preoperculum; maxillary ex- tending to below anterior part or middle of eye; depth of operculum 3 length of head. 27 to 33 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch. About 40 scales in a longitudinal and 11 in a transverse series; ventral scutes 15-17+10-12. Dorsal 17-19. Anal 17-19. Pelvics 8-rayed, below middle of dorsal. Anterior part of dorsal blackish superiorly. Vertebree 40. Several examples, 90 to 200 mm. in total length, from Floiida, the Bermudas, and the West Indies. 2. Harengula macrophthalmus. Clupea macrophthalma, Ranzani, Noy. Com. Ac. Se. Inst. Bonon. y. 1842, p. 520, pl. xxiii. orci latuius, Cuy. & Val. Hist. Nat. Poiss. xx. p. 280, pl. 595 S47). Pees clupeola, Cuv. & Val. ¢. ¢. p. 289. Harengula humeralis, Cuy. & Val. t. ¢. p, 293. Alosa striata, Cuv. & Val. t. e. p. 429. Alosa bishopi, Mull. & Trosch. in Schomburgk, Hist. Barbadoes, p. 675 1848). isa uis sardina, Poey, Mem. ii. p. 310 (1860). Clupea humeralis (part.), Giinth. Cat. Fish. vii. p. 422 (1868). Sardinella humeratis (part.), Jord. & Everm. Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. xlvii. 1896, p. 431. Depth of body 3 to 32 in the length, length of head 3} to 32. Snout shorter than diameter of eye, which is 3 to 34 in the length of head and not greater than its distance from lower edge of preeoperculum; maxillary extending to below anterior 4 of eye or beyond ; depth of operculum more than 34 length of head. 29 to 33 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch. About 42 scales in a longitudinal and ll ina trausverse series; ventral scutes 16-19+12-14. Dorsal 16-19. Anal 16-19. Pelvics 8-rayed, below middle of dorsal. A dark humeral spot. Vertebree 43-44. Atlantic coast of Tropical America®, Numerous examples, 80 to 130 mm. in total length, from Florida, the West Indies, Fernando Noronha, and Bahia. * Valenciennes described H. latula as a European species; it is probable that this was a mistake, although it is not impossible that the species may cross the Atlantic. of the Genera Sardinella, Harengula, &e. 389 3. Hurengula thrissina. Clupea thrissina, Jord. & Gilb. Proc, U.S. Nat. Mus. 1882, p. 353. Sardinella thrissina, Jord. & Everm. Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. xlvii. 1896, p. 480. Depth of body 22 (-31) in the length, length of head 33. Snout a little Shorter than diameter of eye, which is 3} in the length of head and rather less than its distance from lower edge of Reopen: maxillary extending a little beyond anterior 4 of eye ; depth of operculum more than 2 length of head. 30 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior ware 40 scales in a longitudinal and 12 ina transverse series ; ventral peafes 184-11 (16+13). Dorsal 17. Anal 15. Pelvies 8-rayed, below middle of dorsal. A dark humeral spot. Pacific coast of Mexico, A single specimen, 115 mm. in total length, from Jalisco. 4. Harengula pensacole. Clupea humeralis (part.), Giinth. Cat. Fish. vii. p. 422 (1868). HHarengula pensacole, Goode & Beaa, Proc. U.S. Nat, Mus. 1879, p. 152. Sardinella humeralis (part.), Jord. & Everm. Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. xlvii. 1896, p. 431. Sardinella sardina, Jord, & Everm. ¢. ce. 1900, fig. 193. Depth of body 22 to 2? in the length, length of head 33 to 34, Snout shorter ‘than chosen of eye, which is 23 to 3 in lene ‘th of head and equal to its distance from lower “edge of epee at maxillary extending to below anterior 4 of eye or beyond ; depth of opereulum 3 to 2 length of head. 33 to 36 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch. About 40 scales in a longitudinal and 11 in a transverse series ; ventral scutes le2i7 eo Dorsal 16-18. Anal 16-18. Pelvics 8-rayed, below middle of dorsal. Vertebre 41. Four specimens, 80 to 140 mm. in total length, from Florida and Trinidad. 5. Harengula dispilonotus. Harengula dispilonotus, Bleek. Nat. Tijdschr. Ned. Ind. iii, 1852, p. 456. Clupea dispilonotus, Giinth. Cat. Fish. vil. p. 429 (1868); Bleek. Atl. Ichth. vi. p. 111, Clup. pl. iii. fig. 8 (1872); Weber & Beaufort, Fish. Indo-Austral. Arch. ii. p. 69 (1913). Depth of body 3 to 34 in the length, length of head 32 to 4. Snout a little shorter than diameter of eye, which is Sin the length of head ; maxillary extending to below anterior } of eye. 35 gill- rakers on lower part of “anterior arch. 36 to 38 scales in a longitudinal, 11 or 12 in a transverse series ; 390 Mr, C. T. Regan on the Clupeid Fishes ventral scutes 14-16+11-13. Dorsal 18-20. Anal 16-18. Pelvics below anterior } of dorsal. A dark spot or ocellus on back at base of posterior dorsal rays, a second behind it. K. Indian Archipelago. Six specimens, 75 to 100 mm. in We length, including the type of the species. 6. Harengula koningshergeri. Clupea koningsbergeri, Weber & Beaufort, Verh, Akad. Amsterdam, xvii. no. 8, 1912, p. 14; Fish. Indo-Austral. Arch. ii. p- 72 (1913). Depth of body 23 in the length, length of head 32. Snout shorter than dis ameter of eye, which is mat in length of head ; maxillary extending to below anterior } of eye ora little beyond, 33 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch, 42 scales in a jongitudinal and 12 in a transverse series ; ventral scutes 17-18 4+11-12. Dorsal 18-19. Anal 20-21. Pelvics below or a little in advance of middle of dorsal. A specimen of 115 mm. from N.W. Australia, and one of 75 mm. from New Guinea; the species was described from the Aru Is. 7. Harengula punctata. Clupea punctata, Riippell, Neue Wirbelth. Fische, p. 78, pl. xxi. fig. 2 (1840). Clupea quadrimaculata, Riippell, t. c. p. 78, pl. xxi. fig. 3. Sardinella lineolata, Cuv. & Val. Hist. Nat. Poiss, xx. p. 272 (1847). Harengula punctata, Cuv. & Val. t. c. p. 297; Sauvage, Hist. Mada- gascar Poiss. p. 405 (1891). * Harengula bipunctata, Cuy. & Val. t. e. p. 298. Melztta obtusirostris, Cuv. & Val. t. ¢. Pp. 376. Meletta venenosa, Cuv. & Val. t. c. p. 377. Harengula moluccensis, Bleek, Nat. Tijdschr. Ned. Ind. iv. 1853, p. 609. Harengula kunzi, Bleek. id. xii. 1857, p. 209. Harengula ee us, Guichenot, in Maillard, Ile de la Réunion Poiss. p- 16 (1865) ; Sauvage, op. cit, p. 493, pl. xlviil, fig. 3. Clupea vilecieta, Giinth. Cat. Fish, vii. p- 427 (1868) ; Bleek, Atl. Ichth. vi. p. 107, Clup. pl. v. fig. 2 (1872) ; Weber-& Beaufort, Fish. Indo-Austral. Arch. ii. p. 81 (1913). : Clupea venenosa, Giinth. ¢. e. p. 449; Weber & Beaufort, t. . p. 77. Clupea kunzei, Bleek. Atl. Ichth. vi. p. 107, Clup. pl. v. fig. 1 (1872) ; Day, Fish India, p. 636. Clupea dubia, Bleek. t. c. p. 108. Harengula stereoleyis, Ogilby, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales, xxii. 1897, . 759. Chika mizun, Kishinouye, Journ. Imp. Fisheries Bureau, Tokyo, xiv. 1907, p. 98, pl. xx. fig. 3. Depth of body 3} to 4 in the length, length of head 32 to 4 Snout as long as or shorter than diamcter of eye, whic of the Genera Sardinella, Harengula, &c. 391 is 3 to 3} in the length of head, equal to or greater than its distance from lower edge of preeoperculum ; maxillary ex- tending to below anterior 4 of eye or a little beyond; depth of operculum about 3 length of head. 30 to 34 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch, 42 to 45 scales in a longitudinal, 11 or 12 ina transverse series; ventral scutes 16-20 + 11-14. Dorsal 17-19. Anal 17-19. Pelvics. below or a little in advance of middle of dorsal. Anterior part of dorsal blackish superiorly. Vertebre 44. Tropical Indo-Pacific, from E. Africa to the Paumotu Archipelago. Numerous examples, 60 to 130 mm. in total length, in- cluding the types of £7. moluccensis and H. kunzet. 8. Harengula schrammi. Alosa schrammi, Bleek. Verh. Bat. Gen. xxii. 1849, Bali, p. 11. Clupea schrammi, Bleek, Atl. Ichth. vi. p. 109, Clup. pl. xiv. fig. 3 (1872); Weber & Beaufort, Fish. Indo-Austral Arch. ti. p. 83 (19138). Depth of body 4 to 44 in the length, length of head 4 to 42, Snout a little longer than diameter of eye, which is 34 to 32 in the length of head ; maxillary extending to below anterior 4 of eye. 32 to 34 gill-rakers on lower part of ante- rior arch. About 42 scales in a longitudinal and 12 in a transverse series ; ventral scutes 17-18+12. Dorsal 18-19. Anal 18-19. Pelvics 8-rayed, below or a little in advance of middle of dorsal. Vertebra 42. Malay Archipelago. Four specimens, 100 to 115 mm. in total length, from Misol and Goram; with these I have compared the type, a small fish in bad condition, 9. Harengula castelnaur. Kowala castelnaui, Ogilby, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.Wales, xxii. 1897, p. 66. Depth of body 24 to 3} in the length, length of head about 4. Snout a little shorter than diameter of eye, which is 3 in the length of head; maxillary extending to below anterior } or middle of eye. "45 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch. 40 to 42 scales in a longitudinal, 12 in a transverse series ; ventral scutes 16-19 + 10-13. Bosal 17-19. Anal 18-21. Pelvics below middle or anterior $ of dorsal. Tip of dorsal and ends of caudal lobes blackish, a New South Wales. Nine specimens, 130 to 180 mm, in total length. 392 Mr. C. T. Regan on the Clupeid Fishes 10. Harengula vittata. Clupeonia vittata, Cuy. & Val. Hist. Nat. Poiss. xx. p. 352 (1847), Alausa melanurus, Cuy. & Val. t. c. p. 441. Clupeonia jussieui, Cuv. & Val. op. eit. pl. 599. Clupea melanura, Giinth. Cat. Fish. vii. p. 449 (1868); Bleek. Aft. Ichth. vi. p. 111, Clup. pl. xi. fig. 5 (1872); Weber & Beaufort, Fish. Indo-Austral. Arch. ii. p. 72 (1913). Harengula vanicoris, Jord. & Seale, Bull. U.S. Bureau Fisheries, xxv, 1906, p. 187. Clupea rechingeri, Steind. Sitzungsb. Akad. Wien, exv. 1906, p. 1424. Depth of body 3} to 32 in the length, length of head 32 to 4, Snout as long as diameter of eye, which is 3? to 32 in the length of head; maxillary extending to below anterior $ of eye or beyond. 50 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch. 40 to 42 scales in a longitudinal, 12 in a transverse series; ventral scutes 17+13. Dorsal 16. Anal 18-19. Pelvics below anterior 4 of dorsal. Basal part of caudal dusky ; ends of lobes blackish. Indo-Pacific. Two specimens, 80 and 90 mm. in total length, from Celebes and Raiatea. 11. Harengula zunasi. Clupea kowal (non Riipp.), Schleg. Faun. Japon. Poiss. p. 255, pl. vii. fir. 1 (1846). Harengula zunasi, Bleek. Verh. Bat. Gen. xxvi. 1854, p. 117. Clupea kowal (part.), Giiuth. Cat. Fish. vii. p. 450 (1863). Clupea zunasi, Giinth. t. c. p. 451: Kishinouye, Journ. Imp. Fisheries Bureau, Tokyo, xiv. 1907, p. 98, pl. xx. fig. 4. Depth of body 3} to 3# in the length, length of head 4 to 41, Snout nearly as long as or shorter than diameter of eye, which is 3} to 32 in the length of head; maxillary extending to below anterior 4 of eye or beyond. About 50 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch, 42 to 46 scales in a longi- tudinal series, 11 or 12 in a transverse series; ventral scutes 17-20+ 11-15. Dorsal 17-19. Anal 17-20. Pelvics below anterior 4 of dorsal. China, Corea, and Southern Japan. Several specimens, 90 to 140 mm. in total length, from Amoy, China, and from Japan. 12. Harengula nymphea. Clupea nymphea, Richards, Ichthyol. China, p. 304 (1848); Ginth, Cat. Fish. vii. p. 428 (1868). Depth of body 3} in the length, length of head 4, Snout of the Genera Sardinella, Harengula, &e. 393 as long as diameter of eye, which is 3} in the length of head ; maxillary extending to below anterior } of eye. 70 gill- rakers on lower part of anterior arch. About 40 scales in a longitudinal and 13 in a transverse series; ventral scutes 18+11. Dorsal17. Anal 20. Pelvics 8-rayed, a little in advance of middle of dorsal. China. Here described from the type, 120 mm. in total length. Lizz, Jordan & Evermann, 1896. Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. xlvii. p. 429. This genus is close to Harengula, but is distinguished by the well-defined bluish-silvery lateral band and by the absence of scales on the lobes of the caudal fin. The dermal fold on the edge of the cleithrum described in Sardinella, which is developed to a greater or less extent in Harengula, is absent in this genus. Three species from America. 1. Lite stolifera. Clupea stolifera, Jord. & Gilbert, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 1881, p. 339« Sardinella stolifera, Jord. & Everm. Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. xlvii. 1896, p- 431, and 1900, fiz. 194. Depth of body 31 to 4 in the length, length of head 43 to 42. Diameter of eye 3 in length of head; maxillary extending to below anterior 4 of eye. 36 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch. About 40 scales in a longitudinal, 10 or 11 in a transverse series ; ventral scutes 16-18+10-12. Dorsal 15-17 ; origin nearer to end of snout than to base of caudal. Anal 16-19. Pelvics 8-rayed, below anterior rays of dorsal. A silvery lateral band; ends of caudal lobes blackish. Vertebrz 40 (42). Pacific coast of Mexico. Hight specimens, 90 to 100 mm. long. 2. Lile piquitinga. Sardinella piquitinga, Schreiner & Ribeiro, Arch. Mus, Rio Janeiro, xii. 1903, p. 72. Depth of body about 34 in the length, length of head 32 to 4. Diameter of eye 2? in length of head; maxillary extending to below anterior + of eye. 33 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch. About 40 scales in a longitudinal and 10 in a transverse series; ventral scutes 16-17+10-11, Ann. & Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 8. Vol, xix. 26 304 On the Genera Sardinella, Harengula, dc. Dorsal 15-18; origin nearer end of snout than base of caudal. Anal 17-19. Pelvics 8-rayed, below anterior part of dorsal. A silvery lateral band. Vertebree 40. Coast of Brazil. Three specimens, 80-90 mm. long, from Pernambuco. 3. Lile platana, sp. n. Depth of body 3 in the length, length of head 4. Diameter of eye 3 in length of head; maxillary extending to below anterior 4 of eye; 23 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch. About 40 scales in a longitudinal series ; ventral scutes 18+10. Dorsal 14; origin equidistant from end of snout and base of caudal. Anal 18. Pelvics below origin of dorsal. A silvery lateral band. La Plata. A single specimen of 45 mm. HERINGIA. Heringia, Fowler, Proc. Acad. Philadelphia, lxiii. 1911, p. 207. Rhinosardinia, Kigenmann, Mem, Carnegie Mus, v. 1912,p. 445. ~Form moderately elongate, strongly compressed ; abdomen sharp-edzed. Mouth small, toothless; lower jaw rather prominent, upper without distinct notch; maxillary with a retrorse spine near its proximal end; 2 supramaxillaries. Operculum smooth ; suboperculum rounded. Dorsal median, of 13 to 15 rays, without scaly sheath ; anal of 15 to 17 rays, with a low scaly sheath; caudal forked, scaly at base, without alar scales. Pelvics 8-rayed, a little in advance of dorsal. 38 to 40 scales in a longitudinal, 9 or 10 in a transverse series ; each scale crossed by a transverse groove, from which 2 (fewer anteriorly, more posteriorly) run backwards to the tree edge, which is entire. Vertebree 39. 1. Heringia amazonica. Clupea amazonica, Steind. Sitzungsb. Akad. Wien, lxxx. pt. 1, 1880, p- 188 Rhinosardinia serrata, Kigenm. Mem. Carnegie Mus. vy. 1912, p. 445, pl. lxu. figs. 3, 4. Depth 3 to 34 in length, length of head 44 to 5. Diameter of eye 3 to 32 in length of head; maxillary extending to below anterior margin or anterior } of eye. 35 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch. 38 to 40 scales in a longi- tudinal, 9 or 10 in a transverse series; ventral scutes keeled =o’ Cad Sate: aE On new Weevils from India. 395 and pointed, 16-17+10-11. Dorsal 13-15 ; origin nearer end of snout than base of caudal. Anal 15- 17. ”Pelvies a little in advance of dorsal. Silvery ; back bluish. Amazon ; rivers of Guiana. Four specimens, 60 mm. long, co-types of R. serrata, from British Guiana. 2. Heringia bahiensis. Pellonula bahiensis, Steind. Sitzungsb, Akad. Wien, lxxx. 1880, p.181, pl. iii. fig. 2, Sardinella per nambucana, Schreiner & Ribeiro, Arch. Mus. Rio Janeiro, xii. 1903, p. 72. Maxillary extending to below anterior 4 of eye. 42 to 44 scales in a longitudinal series. Dorsal 16- 17. Anal 16-18. A more or lage distinct bluish-silvery lateral band. Jjoast of Brazil. This species seems to be scarcely distinct from the preceding, examples of which also show a faint lateral band in certain lights. XXXV.—On new Weevils of the Genus Mecysmoderes from India. By Guy A. K. MARSHALL, D.Sc. Subfamily CevrazorruyncuHinz. Mecysmoderes memecylonis, sp. n.* 6. Colour black ; the head with moderately dense seti- form scales, those in the middle being brown and the others white ; the pronotum sparsely set with inconspicuous dark setze, and with a longitudinal patch of transverse white sete on the anterior half on each side; the elytra with a longi- tudinal stripe on the first interval bordering the thoracic spine and composed of small, ovate, overlapping , yellowish- white scales (the basal half of the stripe usually brownish), being continued behind the spine as a double row of elongate brown scales, partly replaced by white ones near the apex ; the remaining intervals each bear a single row of similar brown scales, with a few white ones here and there, except along the immediate base, where all the scales are white ; the * The types of all the species described here are in the British Museum. 26* 396 Dr. G. A. K. Marshall on lower surface fairly closely covered with separated white scales throughout. Head minutely shagreened, with an indistinct network of raised lines and a strong longitudinal carina on the vertex ; the forehead only slightly depressed below the level of the eyes and with a faint central carina, ostrum moderately stout, very slightly widened from the middle to the apex; the basal half shagreened, with a well-marked central carina and another on each side of it, the apical half shining in the middle and with several rows of very shallow punctures at the sides. Antenne with the scape sharply pointed at the apex; the funicle with joint 1 about as long as 2 and twice as thick, 3 a trifle longer than 2, 4 shorter than 2, and 5 and 6 shorter still and bead-like, 5 as long as broad, 6 transverse. Prothorax very strongly and regularly convex transversely, the sides about equal to half the basal margin, almost straight and with a moderate apical constriction, the front margin produced into a sharp obtuse angle in the middle, the basal spine very long (more than one-third the length of the elytra), the basal margin forming on each side an angle of about 75° with the main axis ; the upper surface finely shagreened and dull, with a strong complete central carina and a large-meshed reticulation of fine raised lines, without any conspicuous depressions ; the dorsal outline moderately curved, sloping eradually from the base to one-third, and thence much more steeply. Elytra about as long as their united width at the shoulders and very broadly rounded behind, the humeral slope forming an angle of about 45° with the suture; the strie broad, shining, and deeply punctate, the intervals rather narrower, carinate and minutely granulate; the dorsal outline convex, deepest before the middle, sloping gradually to the base and more steeply behind. Legs black, clothed with separated setiform white scales, the tarsi piceous ; all the femora with a sharp tooth, the dorsal apical fringe of the hind tibia longer than the first tarsal joint, the claws unusually small. Sternum: the space between the front coxe as broad as the rostrum; the meso- and metasternum broadly exca- vated, the end of the furrow sloping gradually up to the base of the metasternum, and the mesosternum being almost horizontal. Length 13-14, breadth 13-14 mm. Mysore: Madhavgiri, on leaves of Memecylon umbellatum (H. Mann, Pusa Coll.). Assam: Sylhet (type). Allied to M. nigrorufo, Mots., but, apart from its red- brown colouring, distinctly narrower form, and unarmed femora, that species has the prothorax much more finely new Weevils from India. 397 reticulate, its dorsal outline being almost flat, the front margin rounded, and the central carina flattened; the elytra bear a single row of white scales on the first interval behind the thoracic spine, and the other intervals are set with irregular minute dark sete ; and the metasternum is only shallowly excavated in front. The sternal furrow of J/. me- mecylonis is very similar to that of MZ carinata, Fst., but in the latter the margins of the apex are overhanging. Mecysmoderes verrucosa, sp. n. 6. Black or brownish black, shining and sparsely set with very short recumbent white sete ; the elytra with an elongate patch of brown scales along each side of the thoracic spine ; the tarsi testaceous, Head unevenly reticulate, with a well-marked central carina running from the vertex to the edge of the interocular depression. ostrum stout, about as long as the front femur, gradually widening from base to apex, somewhat compressed, the greatest depth exceeding the width, the dorsal outline strongly curved, but with a depression at the base and a deep sinuation in the middle ; the upper surface rugosely punctate, with a strong central carina (obsolete in the median depres- sion and ceasing a little behind the insertion of the antenne) and two finer irregular ones on each side. Antenne with the apex of the ‘scape not produced into a sharp point ; the funicle with the two basal joints equal in length, 3 rather shorter, 4 again much shorter, 5 and 6 bead-like. Prothorax with the sides about as long as half the basal margin, slightly rounded in the posterior half, abruptly narrowed in front, the apical constriction being broad and collar-like, the front margin rounded dorsally and slightly produced in the middle ; the whole of the central portion of the disk is raised into a large boss-like prominence, the top of which bears an elevation on each side, the space between them being longitudinally flattened; the upper surface is coarsely reticulate, with a sharp central carina running from the apical edge to the tip of the basal spine, and on each side of it on the apical collar is another sharp carina—these being convergent behind in the type and parallel in a second specimen. Lytra about as long as their width at the shoulders, which are very promi- nent and rounded, the humeral slope forming an angle of about 70° with the main axis; the striz broad and shallow, rather sinuous, much more irregular than usual, and con- taining very unequal punctures, the intervals very uneven, bearing elongate tubercles and set with scattered minute 398 Dr. G. A. K. Marshall on granules; the more conspicuous tubercles are situated as follows :—interval 2 with a small one at the top of the de- clivity, on interval 3 a small one near the base and a very large one near the middle, on interval 5 a large one near the base and a small one close behind it, on interval 7 a medium one near the shoulder and another about the middle, on interval 9 a large one about the middle, and a large one just behind the shoulder on interval 10; near the apex a trans- verse row of tubercles on intervals 8-7, those on 5 and 6 being elongate and the others short ; behind these is a broad transverse impression. Legs rather long, with scattered - recumbent short white sete ; the femora rugosely punctured, armed with a stout tooth, and transversely impressed exter- nally near the apex ; the tibize rather slender, scarcely dilated at the apex and there clothed externally with golden-brown hairs, which form a dorsal fringe hardly as long as the first tarsal joint. Sternum: the mesosternum sloping very steeply and very shallowly impressed in the middle to receive the apex of the rostrum, the metasternum not excavated, and the space between the front coxze as wide as the rostrum. Length 24-33, breadth 2-24 mm. AssaM: Patkai Hills (W. Doherty). A strikingly distinct species. Mecysmoderes metasternalis, sp. n. g. Colour varying from black to red-brown, variegated with brown, yellowish and white scales or sete; the head with fairly dense narrow white scales; the prothorax with the entire sides and lower surface bearing close whitish scales and setee, a triangular patch of white sete on the apical third of the median area (its base on the front margin), and some pale set on each side of the basal third of the central carina, thus leaving a broad, roughly X-shaped, bare discal patch ; the elytra with a very long raised stripe of scales on each side of the thoracic spine extending for more than half their length, the basal two-thirds being very dark brown, the apical third whitish ; these scales are very closely packed and obliquely raised or almost erect; a large lanceolate sub- humeral patch of dense whitish scales (continuous with similar scaling on the whole lower surface), the inner edge of which reaches the sixth stria at the base and extends obliquely backwards to nearly the middle of the lateral margin ; the apical margin and the posterior half of the lateral margin with an irregular edging of white scales, and a row of yellowish scales on the basal fourth of the second interval ; new Weevils from India. By the rest of the elytra clothed with dark brown scales varie- gated with narrower light brown and white scales, and with a conspicuous spot of broader white scales before the middle on the eighth interval. Head with the inner edge of the eyes strongly raised above the general level; the forehead very narrow, not broader than the antennal club, and broadly impressed behind ; the vertex rugosely punctured, with a well-marked central carina and densely clothed with elongate pale scales. Rostrum piceous black, with the extreme apex reddish; long, slender, and cylindrical, extending beyond the middle of the metasternum ; rather dull and very finely aciculate, with two short indistinct furrows on each side at the base, and no central carina ; the punctures indistinct at the base, shallow and widely separated for most of the length, and deeper near the apex. Antenne testaceous ; the scape without any apical process ; the three basal joints of the funicle subequal in length, joints 4 and 5 a little longer than broad, 6almost globular. Prothorax with the basal spine very long, about as long as the prothorax, and extending along nearly two-thirds of the elytral suture ; the sides (viewed vertically) almost straight and shorter than half the basal margin ; the front margin somewhat produced dorsally, the produced portion elevated and truncate in the middle, so that when seen from in front it appears as a flat- tened triangle ; the upper surface covered with large irregular reticulate punctures, the median area raised and strongly compressed in the anterior half, being bounded by a sharp carina on each side’to about the middle, the central carina well-marked throughout ; the dorsal outline distinctly convex and deepest about the middle ; the scales on the sides of the prothorax are mostly setiform, but there is a patch, of much broader scales just below the outer carina and another patch some distance below that. lytra about as long as broad ; the striz broad and deep, with large punctures and without rows of scales, except in the first stria; the intervals some- what broader than the strie and irregularly granulate ; the scales on the greater part of the surface are small, narrow, parallel-sided, and truncate at the tip, but those in the raised patch along the suture, in the basal stripe on interval 2, the subhumeral patch, and the white border are broader and elliptical in shape. Legs piceous, the tarsi paler; the femora densely clothed with broad pale scales and all with a strong tooth ; the dorsal apical fringe of the posterior tibize much longer than the first tarsal joint. Sternum with the front cox widely separated; the mesosternum almost horizontal and broadly and shallowly impressed; the metasternum with 400 Dr. G. A. K. Marshall on a broad and deep furrow throughout, which is quite open at the posterior margin. Length 24, breadth 2mm. Burma: Tavoy, Tenasserim (W. Doherty). The most striking features of this species are the structure of the front margin of the pronotum, the very long pro- thoracic spine, the elevated sutural scales on the elytra, and the open continuous furrow on the metasteraum. Mecysmoderes subhumeralis, sp. n. 6. Colour varying from piceous black to red-brown, the upper surface sparsely clothed with yellowish hair-like scales; the sutural patch of scales on the elytra extending for about one-third of their length, the basal two-thirds of the patch being black and the apical third whitish; on the seventh interval of the elytra there is a small spot of white scales before the middle; the lower surface sparsely clothed with pale scales, except for a dense patch on the upper half of the mesosternal epimeron. Head reticulate, the central carina continued well on to the forehead, which is almost as broad as the base of the rostrum and strongly impressed. ostrum short and very stout, hardly longer than the front femur and only just reaching. the metasternum, parallel-sided in the basal two- thirds, slightly wider at the apex, its dorsal outline strongly convex, and its depth greater than its width in the middle; the upper surface with indistinct confluent punctation, a strong central carina for three-fourths its length, and a less distinct lateral one. Antenne testaceous ; the scape without an apical process ; the funicle with joints 1 and 2 subequal, 3 distinctly shorter, 4 longer than broad, 5 and 6 subglobular. Prothorax with the sides equal to half the basal margin, straight from the base to beyond the middle and then rather abruptly constricted; the basal margin more nearly trans- verse than in most species, the spine short, about one-fourth the length of the suture; the front edge truncate dorsally and narrowly marginate ; the whole discal area forming a rounded elevation laterally compressed in the anterior half, irregularly and unequally reticulate, with a strong and complete central carina, on each side of it in the front half a short carina that does not reach the margin, and beyond this another irregular sinuate one that does reach the margin. Slytra about as long as their greatest width, the striz broad and deep, with separated punctures and each with a single row of distant minute white sete ; the intervals costate and scarcely broader new Weevils from India. 401 than the strize, each with a row of small granules bearing short recumbent sete and some scattered yellowish hair-like scales (especially in the basal half). Legs piceous, with the tarsi paler ; the femora rugosely subgranulate, with sparse whitish hair-like scales and each with a small tooth; the dorsal apical fringe of the hind tibia not longer than the first tarsal joint. Sternum with the front coxe widely separated, but not enough to receive the whole rostrum; the mesosternum not impressed and sloping steeply ; the meta- sternum simple. Length 2?, breadth 12 mm. Assam: Patkai Hills (W. Doherty, type) ; Sudiya (Doherty). Very similar superficially to IZ. memecylonis, sp. n., but differing markedly in the structure of the sternum, non- angulate front margin of the prothorax, short thoracic spine, short third funicular joint, setigerous elytral striz, etc. Mecysmoderes pusio, sp. n. 3 ¢. Colour piceous, with greyish-white scaling, the rostrum and tarsi often paler; the scales on the head are narrow and fairly dense ; on the pronctum they are more hair-like and sparser on the disk, being shorter and denser at the sides and margins and in the central furrow ; on the elytra there is a short stripe of almost circular small scales on the basal fourth of the first interval, the remaining intervals each bearing a single regular row of very narrow and short scales, except on intervals 9 and 10, at the bases of 3 and 5, and on the humeral callus, where the scales are duplicated or more numerous ; on the lower surface the scales are larger, oval, and fairly close, but usually not quite contiguous. Head shagreened and shallowly reticulate, with an in- distinct central carina on the vertex only, the forehead shallowly impressed and broader than the club of the an- tenna. Rostrum long, slender, and cylindrical, not quite reaching the hind margin of the metasternum (3) or ex- tending “slightly beyond it (2); very faintly tricarinate in the basal part, the more shining apical area with indistinct shallow separated punctures. Antenne testaceous, the scape with a short apical pointed process, the funicle with the two basal joints subequal, the third slightly longer. Prothoraa with the sides about as long as half the basal margin, scarcely rounded and very shallowly constricted at the apex; the basal margin nearly transverse externally, the central spine short, only about one-eighth the length of the suture, the 402 Dr. G. A. K. Marshall on apical margin truncate dorsally ; the upper surface moderately convex, with well-marked carinate reticulations, except on the apical collar, a broad shallow central furrow from the collar to beyond the middle, containing a deep rounded fovea in front and changing near the base into a low carina that runs on to the spine. Hlytra about as long as their greatest breadth, the striz very broad, with deep separated punctures and quite bare, the intervals subcarinate, each with a row of spaced setigerous granules, Legs piceous, with the tarsi paler, clothed with separated, long, narrow, pale scales ; the femora with a minute tooth, which is situated much lower down than usual, being about in the middle of the limb and partly concealed by scales ; the dorsal apical fringe of the hind tibiz hardly as long as the first tarsal joint. Sternum with the front coxze widely separated for the reception of the rostrum ; the mesosternum broadly and deeply excavated, almost horizontal in the middle ; the metasternum with a broad central furrow throughout, which is not enclosed behind. Length 13, breadth 1,4, mm. Burma: Tavoy, Tenasserim (W. Doherty). Very similar to 4/. carinatus, Fst., in which the thorax is of quite the same type and the sculpturing of the elytra is similar ; but that species differs markedly in its metasternum, which has a deep overhanging excavation in its anterior part only, the femora have no tooth, there is no carina on the head, ete. Mecysmoderes pectinipes, sp. n. Colour black, variegated with grey and brown sete and scales ; the prothorax clothed above with recumbent sete only, the brown ones being more numerous on the disk ; the elytra with a sutural stripe of dense whitish scales extending for more than one-third of the suture, the remaining intervals bearing linear scales (not less than two, and more often three deep), which are grey at the base and mostly dark brown elsewhere, variegated here and there with grey scales; the lower surface rather densely clothed with broad whitish scales. Immature specimens are sometimes testaceous, with the thoracic carina and spine black; and various intergrades occur between this and the black mature form. Head with coarse close confluent punctation, the central carina indistinct or absent, the forehead not at all impressed. Rostrum black, with the apex reddish; as long as the front ? hed Re > recap ings hao acrngee ise new Weevils from India. 403 femur (¢) or a little longer ( ? ), cylindrical, slightly tapering to the apex from the insertion of the antennee ; the upper surface without any -distinct carine, but closely and con- fluently punctate from the base to the antennez, beyond which the punctures are finer and isolated, especially in the ?. Antenne testaceous ; the scape without any apical process ; the funicle with joints 1 and 2 subequal, 3 shorter, 4-6 bead- like. Prothorax with the sides gently rounded and each about as long as half the basal margin, the apical constriction slight; the basal spine nearly one-third the length of the suture, the apical dorsal margin feebly angulate in the middle; the upper surface is regularly and gently convex, without elevations or depressions, evenly set with longitu- dinally confluent punctures, with a low, broad, complete central carina and a fine, short, apical one at some distance on each side of it ; the dorsal outline almost flat, deepest near the base, and sloping forwards. lytra as long as their greatest width, the striz broad and deep, and containing single rows of narrow scales; the intervals evidently broader than the strize, flat, and closely and strongly punctate. Legs black, with the tarsi red-brown, rather thinly clothed with narrow pale scales ; the femora with a stout tooth; all the tibiz strongly dilated at the apex, which bears a double row of stout testaceous spines instead of the usual bristles. Sternum with the front coxze so narrowly separated that the rostrum cannot le between them; the mesosternum almost vertical and not impressed ; the metasternum simple. Length 22-3}, breadth 13-2 mm. Mapras: Nilgiri Hills (A. L. Andrewes). A very distinct species on account of its dilated and _pecti- nate tibie, closely approximated tront coxve, and unimpressed forehead. Mecysmoderes tenutrostris, sp. n. @. Colour reddish brown above, with the head, the thoracic carina and spine, and the basal margin of the elytra blackish; the head and pronotum with rather sparse yellowish sete, the latter with a small patch of ovate whitish scales on each side before the middle just below the outer carina; the elytra with the sutural stripe of ovate scales extending over nearly half the suture, the scales being blackish except for a short distance at the apex, where they are whitish ; a few ovate whitish scales at the base of interval 2 and near the apex of the suture, the rest of the intervals being clothed 404 On new Weevils from India. (usually about three deep) with intermingled yellowish and blackish narrow setiform scales ; the lower surface blackish (except the prosternum, which is reddish) and densely clothed with broad ovate whitish scales except on the mesepimeron, the lateral lobe of the mesosternum, and the front half of the metepisternum, where the scales are markedly narrower and have a brownish tinge. Head coarsely and confluently punctate, with a carina on the vertex; the forehead strongly depressed, very broad behind, and narrowing in front to the width of the rostrum. Rostrum extremely long and slender, cylindrical and mode- rately curved, reaching to the hind margin of the first ventral segment ; a smooth central line on the basal third and rows of punctures on each side of it, the apical area smooth and impunctate. Antenne testaceous brown, inserted behind the middle of the rostrum ; the scape without any apical process ; the funicle with joints 1 and 3 subequal, 2 markedly longer, 4 much longer than broad, 5 and 6 globular. Pro- thorax with the sides as long as half the basal margin, gently rounded and rather broadly constricted at the apex, the apical margin being truncate (as seen from above), but raised in the middle so as to form a vertical angle ; the basal margin rather Jess oblique on each side than usual, the spine very long and slender, extending nearly for one-half the suture ; the upper surface not very convex, coarsely and subreticulately punctate, with a well-marked and complete central carina, and a promi- nent carina on each side of it in the anterior half, below which the sides are compressed. /lytra as long as their greatest width, the stricze deep but not broad, each containing a row of spaced yellowish scales; the intervals evidently broader than the striz, flat, and coarsely punctate. Legs rather long and slender, clothed with separated yellowish setiform scales ; the femora with a stout tooth ; the dorsal apical fringe of the hind tibiee not longer than the first tarsal joint. Sternum with the front coxee moderately widely sepa- rated; the mesosternum quite flat and almost vertical ; the metasternum simple. Length 22-24, breadth 14-2 mm. Mapras: Nilgiri Hills (H. L. Andrewes). Differs from all the Indian species known to me by its very long and slender rostrum ; the unusual length of the second joint of the funicle is also noteworthy. On a new Holothurian from Bermuda. 405 XXX VI.— Occurrence of a Holothurian new to the Fauna of Bermuda. By W. J. Crozier. (Contributions from the Bermuda Biological Station for Research.—No. 61.) THE West-Indian affinities of the Bermudan fauna and flora (Britton, 1912, p. 193) have been evident to every student of these regions ; yet, as Pilsbry (1900, p. 494) remarks in considering the Pulmonates, there is “abundant evidence of what we call chance, or the rigorous selective action of an over-sea journey, in the Bermudian assemblage.” Con- tinued collecting is disclosing further additions to the marine population in the shape of species identical with well-known West-Indian forms *. In one such case, which is the subject of this note, it seems to me that the addition may legiti- mately be considered as of recent date. The pedate Holothurians of Bermuda waters have been collected ever since 1888 by Heilprin, Verrill, Clark (1901), and others. Each of the five species previously reported (Cucumaria punctata, Stichopus mbbi, Holothuria surinam- ensis, H. captiva, and H. rathbuni) is well represented in the West-Indian area. Certain conspicuous Antillean types ‘have, however, been lacking in the Bermudan collections ; Actinopyga and several species of Holothuria are in this category T. I have had occasion to examine with care several thousand specimens of Stichopus mébii, Semp.—with which, on super- ficial examination, Actinopyga might conceivably be con- fused,—and have, indeed, given particular attention to Holo- thurians collected at many points in Bermuda. No unusual specimens were observed until July 3, 1916, when there was secured from a depth of about 6 feet beneath low water, in the channe] entrance to Hungry Bay (on the exposed south * Among the Enteropneusta, for example, of which an illustrated account is in course of preparation, at least two of the four or more species which I have found occur also in the Bahamas and at Jamaica, as well (probably) as at other stations in the West Indies. + Of the five apodous species found here (Clark, 1907), only two (Chirodota rotifera and Synaptula hydriformis) are typically West- indian, while two others (Leptosynapta wherens and L. roseola) are northern forms ; the remaining one (L. acanthia) appears to be peculiar to the Bermudas. 406 On a new LTolothurian from Bermuda. shore), an individual which was at once seen to be peculiar. The Holothurian was about 25 cm. in length, and of a deep yellowish-brown colour, unmarked by spots of any other hue. Anal teeth were particularly prominent, and the pedi-_ ciles and ventral surface were tinged with greenish pigment, such as one is accustomed to see in Holothurta captiva and in H. surinamensis (Crozier, 1915, p. 274). Stichopus has no anal teeth, and totally lacks this green pigment. ‘The speci- men was unfortunately lost before detailed examination could be given it. Attempts to discover an additional example have thus far been fruitless. The single specimen observed has, however, considerable z00-geographical interest. It seems probable, from the external characters above mentioned, that it is an Actinopyga, presumably A. agassizwz (Selenka) *, which is known from the Bahamas, Florida, Tortugas, Barbadoes, Jamaica, and Hayti (Sluiter, 1910). The inference seems fair that it represents a recent arrivalin Bermudan waters, since previous extensive and detailed collecting has failed to reveal its presence, and since only a single specimen has been found. Concerning the method whereby, on this assumption, it came to Bermuda, one can only speculate. It may have been transported either (as a larva) by ocean currents or (as an adult) upon the bottom of a vessel. The latter seems the less probable. References. Britton, N. L. 1912. “Botanical Exploration in Bermuda,” Journ. N.Y. Bot. Gard. vol, xiii. pp. 189-194, 5 pl. Crarx, H. L. 1901. “ Bermudan Echinoderms.—A Report on Obser- vations and Collections made in 1899,” Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. vol. xxix. pp. 839-345. —. 1907. “The Apodous Holothurians: a Monograph of the Synaptide and Molpadide,’ Smithsonian Contrib. Knowl. vol. xxxyv. 231 pp., 18 pl. Crozier, W. J. 1915. « The Sensory Reactions of Holothuria surinem- ensis, Ludwig,” Zool. Jahrb., Abt. Physiol. Bd. xxxv. pp. 233-297. Pitspry, H. A. 1900. “The Air-breathing Mollusks of the Ber- mudas,” Trans. Conn, Acad. Arts & Sci. vol. x. pp. 49i-509, 1. 62. Sturrer, ©. P. 1910. “ Westindische Holothurien,” Zool. Jahrb., Suppl. 11, pp. 831-342. * I am indebted to Dr. H. L. Clark for a suggestion regarding the probable identity of the specimen. Ona new Lizard and Two new Frogs. 407 XXXVIL.—Deseriptions of a new Lizard and Two new Frogs discovered in West Africa by Dr. H. G. F. Spurrell. By G. A. BouLenGcer, F.R.S. (Published by permission of the Trustees of the British Museum.) Lygosoma spurrelli. Section Hmoa. Habit lacertiform ; the distance between the end of the snout and the fore limb is contained once and two-fifths in the distance between axilla and groin. Snout short, obtuse. Lower eyelid with an undivided transparent disk. Supranasals very small; frontonasal broader than long, forming a very broad suture withthe rostral and narrowly in contact with the frontal, which is as long as the frontoparietals; frontoparietals and interparietal distinct, latter smaller; four supraoculars ; seven superciliaries ; sixth upper labial largest and below the eye. HEar-opening mode- rately large, vertically oval, without lobules anteriorly. 30 smooth scales round the middle of the body, ventrals largest. Marginal preanals not enlarged. The hind limb does not reach the axilla, Digits rather short, feebly compressed ; subdigital lamellee obtusely keeled, 13 under the fourth toe. Tail once and a half the length of head and body, gradually tapering from the base. Dark reddish brown above, nape, back, and limbs with numerous small black and yellow spots ; a blackish lateral streak from the nostril, through the eye, to the base of the tail ; sides pale brown, without spots; lower parts yellowish white. mm. IH rOMMESHOUE LO, VENEr satiate cited ere aches 48 sh Fe POTS MMB 1. 2 eam cack. ae ee ve ER ea OTE inter s critiegict acoso ote oko 10 Marathi ottheadae iS ee acs eet te 8 More slimilndestits acy 0 Rok clea alle 13 13 hata lS) hice op Siren bay Oasys SA er 18 I OOLY eta es hr hatin ooh ea 8 ET ATUMRK arhareperet oho checaactig casey Shanes oie as mane owe 74 A single specimen from Obuasi, S. Ashantee. Closely allied to L. breviceps, Peters*, but with fewer scales round the body. Rana leonensis. Vomerine teeth in very short oblique series close to the anterior corners of the choane. Head much longer than * Cf. Boulenger, Ann. Mus, Genova, (3) ii. 1906, p. 206. 408 Ona new Lizard and Two new Frogs. broad ; snout pointed, strongly projecting, once and a half the length of the eye ; canthus rostralis distinct ; loreal region feebly oblique, feebly concave ; nostril nearer the end of the snout than the eye ; interorbital space a little broader than the upper eyelid; tympanum very distinct, two-thirds the diameter of the eye and close to it. Fingers obtuse, first, second, and fourth equal ; subarticular tubercles moderately large, moderately prominent. Hind limb very long, the tibio-tarsal articulation reaching far beyond the tip of the snout ; tibia once and two-fifths in length from snout to’ vent, longer than the fore limb or the foot. Toes obtuse, broadly webbed, the web reaching the tips of all except the fourth, of which the two distal phalanges are free; sub- articular tubercles moderately large, moderately prominent ; inner metatarsal tubercle elliptical, half the length of the inner toe; no outer tubercle; no tarsal fold. Skin smooth above, with six fine, feebly prominent, interrupted glandular folds along the back; a stronger fold above the temporal region ; lower parts smooth. Grey above; a whitish line from the tip of the snout, along the canthus rostralis, to the eye, continued on the temporal fold ; side of head, including the tympanum, dark brown, black above, this dark band continued on the side of the body; limbs with numerous dark cross-bandss; hinder side of thighs black, variegated with white ; throat and belly yellow; lower surface of thighs and of inner side of legs bright pink; plantar surface dark brown, the web variegated with white. Male with blackish external vocal sacs, each protruding through a slit measuring one-third the length of the mandibular ramus and terminating close to the middle of the base of the arm, From snout to vent 43 mm. A single male specimen from Bibianaka, Sierra Leone. Distinguished trom &. equiplicata, Werner, by the longer snout, with less oblique and feebly concave loreal region, and the longer fourth finger ; from J. longiceps, Peters, by the web not extending to the tip of the fourth toe and the shorter slit for the vocal sac ; from R. oxyrhynchus, Sundey., by the well-marked canthus rostralis. Rappia spurrelli. Head a little longer than broad ; snout pointed, as long as the orbit, projecting strongly beyond the mouth ; canthus rostralis rounded ; loreal region nearly vertical and feebly concave ; nostril a little nearer the tip of the snout than the eye; Interorbital region a little broader than the upper eyelid; tympanum hidden. Fingers moderately elongate, On new Species of Indo-Malayan Lepidoptera. 409 free ; disks rather large. Tibio-tarsal articulation reaching the eye; tibia 21 times in length of head and body, con- siderably longer than the foot ; toes two-thirds webbed, two phalanges of fourth free; subarticular tubercles small and feebly prominent. Skin smooth above, granular on the belly and under the thighs. Reddish brown above, with four blackish longitudinal streaks; a blackish streak from the nostril to the eye and a dark brown temporal band ; lower parts white. Male with a large external subgular vocal sac, covered by a large round flat disk. From snout to vent 28 mm. A single specimen from Obuasi, 8. Ashantee. Closely allied to R. oryrhynchus, Blgr., from the Katanga, but distinguished by the total absence of web between the fingers and the presence of the gular disk, as well as by the coloration. XXXVITI.—New Species of Indo-Malayan Lepidoptera. By Colonel C. Swrnuoe, M.A., F.L.S., &e. Family Lycenide. Arhopala dascia, nov. 2. Upperside much as in A. ganesa, Moore, but darker in colour. Underside with the ground-colour greyish white, markings chocolate-brown; fore wing with a rather broad medial band from the costa to vein 2, the immediate base of the wing chocolate-brown, this colour running up the costa for a short distance, the space between the base and the median band filled up with fine transverse bands close to each other, a discal macular band of square spots which become somewhat diffuse at the hinder angle, the third spot from the costa placed outwards ; the marginal space dark ; a double row of lunular marks near the margin: hind wing with the whole space, with the exception of a large round patch below the middle of the costa, covered with round spots (white-edged) on a dark ground, very difficult to describe, but exactly similar to Watson’s figure, plate A, fig. 6, ?, Bo. N. H. Soe. x., of a form he likens to A. ganesa, remarking that it deserves a distinctive name, but Watson’s figure, like A. ganesa, has no tails, and dascia has tails as in A. aberrans, Doherty. I cannot but think that Watson’s figure represents a specimen of dascia with the tails broken off. Expanse of wings 1,% inch. Hab. Toungoo, Burma. Ann. & Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 8. Vol. xix. 27 410 Colonel C. Swinhoe on new Family Hesperiidae. LTasora philetas. Ismene philetas, Plitz, Stett. ent. Zeit. xlv. p. 55 (1884), unpublished plate no. 1159. Hasora simplicissima, Swinhoe (part.), Trans. Ent. Soc. 1908, p. 34. Hasora mixta, Fruhstorfer (part.), Iris, 1911, p. 68, Hab. Philippines. Fruhstorfer puts philetas as a synonym to mixta, Mab., but miata like simp/icissima is a Parata, whereas philetas (which ° Semper wrongly identified in Rhop. Phil.),is a Hasora, without the stigma on the fore wing, though the markings are very similar; I have philetas male from the Philippines which exactly corresponds with Plotz’s figure. Notocrypta tobrianda, nov. go 2. Somewhat similar to N. a/uensis, Swinhoe, Ann, & Mag. N. H. (7) xx. p. 434 (1907), from the Solomon Islands, figured in Trans. Ent. Soc. 1908, pl. iii. fig. 11, and N. wokana, Plotz (from Aru Isl.), Berl. ent. Zeit. xxix. p. 225 (1885), a copy of Plétz’s figure given in the same plate (fig. 9), but in neither sex are there any dots or any other markings above or below, there being only the discal white band of the fore wing which is very much narrower than in either of the above-named species, is much more curved, narrows hindwards in the male into a square spot, is similar in the female, but is of the same width throughout. Expanse of wings, ¢ 1;%, 2 1, inch. Hab. Kiviwini Isl., Tobriand group. Eetion elia-eburus. Hesperia eburus, Plotz, Berl. ent, Zeit. xxix. p. 226 (1885), un- published plate no. 1373. G Eetion elia-ayankara, Fruhstorfer, Iris, 1911, p. 19, Hab. Malacca, Perak. A somewhat variable form, though the type form ea, Hew., from Sumatra, is fairly constant. mse naa Telicota bambuse kiriwinia, nov. g. Resembles 7. pythias, Mabille, Pet. Nouve, ti. p. 374 (1878), from Java, Sumatra, and Nias; the markings are very similar, but the colour is paler ; the fore wing is longer — and the hind wing produced hindwards, u, 9. Very different from the females of pythias, Upper- side: fore wing nearly all black; an orange streak on the basal half of the costa ; a small streak below its outer end; a streak on the median vein from near the base to the origin Species of Indo-Malayan Lepidoptera. 411 of vein 2; a longer streak on the internal vein and a shorter streak from near the base close along the hinder margin of the wing; two orange spots in the disc, and two small spots subapical: hind wing also nearly all black ; a streak of orange hairs in the cell, one along the internal vein, and a discal narrow band of four orange spots. Underside: both wings black, marks orange: fore wing with a broad streak close to the costa ; from the base to beyond the cell-end, joined to a spot at the upper end of the cell, three discal spots, the upper one pushed outwards; a small dot again outwards, and three subapical: hind wing with a spot at the end of the cell and a discal band as on the upperside; anteune longer than usual in the group. Expanse of wings, g 14, ? 1,4, inch. ( Hab. Kiriwini Isl., Tobriand group. Family Deilemeridz. Section I. Veins 6 and 7 of hind wing not stalked, palpi short. Deilemera paradelpha, nov. 3 %. Belongs to the, pellew group: Section I. of my ** Monograph of the Deilemeride ” *. Frons white ; head and collar luteous ; thorax white; a black spot on the head, two on the collar, and the thorax with three black spots down the middle and three on each side; palpi luteous, last joint black; abdomen dull greyish yellow, with pale brown seg- mental bands: fore wing pale black, with a lilac tinge; spots white, a small round spot in the middle of the cell in the male, developed into a short streak in the female; a large oval spot across the end of the cell, from vein 11 to vein 2; three submarginal spots as in pellex ; a white streak on the hinder margin from base to a little beyond the middle: hind wing white; a pale black uniform marginal band, running narrowly up the abdominal margin for a short distance, and containing a white subapical spot and a medial spot. Underside: wings as on the upperside; legs ochreous ; body white, without markings. — Expanse of wings, ¢ 2, 17% inch. Hab, Fergussen Isl. Deilemera bouruana, nov. 9. Allied to D. separata, Walker, xxxi. p. 204 (1864), from Gilolo Island. Pectus white; palpi white, last joint black; frons, head, and thorax white, collar tinged with * Trans. Ent. Soc. 1903, pp. 53-84. 27? ee ee eee 412 Colonel (. Swinhoe on new ochreous; frons with a black spot, a large one on the head, running in between the antennz, two on each side of the collar; a black streak down the middle of the thorax and one on each side ; abdomen ochreous grey, with black macular segmental bands, marked with white: fore wing black, markings white; a thick streak in the cell, from the base to its middle, another similar but thicker streak immediately below it and extending a little beyond it; a streak on the hinder margin, from the base to beyond the middle ; a large, oval, discal, oblique spot from close to the costa, where it is round and small to vein 2, nearer the hinder angle of the wing than is usual in the pel/ex group, in one specimen it runs below vein 2 and isattenuated ; three larger submarginal spots. Underside: wings as above; body white with thin segmental bands on the abdomen; legs white striped with black. Expanse of wings 1,8; inch. Hab. Bouru Isl., South Moluccas. Deilemera externa, nov. 3 @. Face white ; palpi black; frons, head, and thorax ochreous ; a black spot on the frowns, a large one on top of head, covering nearly the whole space and running in between the antenna, two on the collar, an angular spot behind them followed by an oval black spot on each shoulder ; abdomen greyish ochreous, some white specks at the base and thin darker segmental lines touched with white at the sides and a row of black spots on each side: fore wing dark black, markings white ; a disjointed thin streak from the base to tle middle of the cell; a small spot below it and a little outside; an oval spot in the dise from vein 11 toa little below vein 2, narrow in the type-specimen, broader in others ; three submarginal spots, the two lower ones connected to- gether in the type-specimen ; a white streak on the hinder margin: hind wing with a rather broad and even marginal black band running thinly up the abdominal margin to the base, and narrowly along the costa, with a knob at its middle ; two white spots in the band, and indications of a third spot as in Aurivillius’s figure of pellex*, but not so distinct. Underside: wings as above; legs and thorax ochreous; abdomen white with black segmental bands. Expanse of wings, g 1,6, 2 17% inch. Hab. Batjan Isl., Middle Moluccas. * Rec, Crit. in Sy. Ak. Handl. xix, (5) pl. i. fig. 5 (1882). Baa be Species of Indo-Malayan Lepidoptera. 413 Section I. B. Antenne shortly pectinated. Deilemera gonora, nov. 3: Nearest to D. oroya, Swinhoe, from Sula Besi. Palpi white, last joint black; frons, head, and thorax white; frons with a black spot, collar with two ; two square black spots followed by around one on the thorax; abdomen white with hardly any markings, tip ochreous ; wings white, markings black: fore wing with the veins black ; a small patch on the middle of the costa, another on the costa above the cell- end and running into the bar at the end of the cell; a broad black band on the outer margin containing three white sub- apical spots close together, the middle one the largest, the lower very small, followed by two spots against the black patch above the cell-end, with two white linear marks below them, and large white spot at the middle of the outer margin with a white streak attached to its lower end: hind wing with a fairly broad black outer marginal band, not continued on the costa, its inner margin sinuous and two white spots in it, apical and medial. Underside: wings as above; body white without markings ; legs ochreous. Expanse of wings 2 inches. Hab. Stephensort, Dutch New Guinea. Deilemera similis, nov. 3d 2. Nearest to D. burica, Holland, from Bouru, of ‘which I have a fine series from Bouru; palpi white, last joint black ; frons, head, and thorax pale ochreous, nearly white ; frons with a black linear spot, another similar spot on the head; thorax with two black spots on each side ; abdomen pure white, with small black dorsal and lateral spots: fore wing black, markings white; a broad spear- shaped streak from the base, from the median vein to the internal vein, containing a black dot atits base, two short sub- costal streaks above it and two round spots outside it ; a broad oblique band divided by the veins into five large spots, the lowest round, the others elongate, the fourth from the costa the largest, and extended both outwards and inwards with a little streak hindwards from its interior end, the third wedged in outwards between the second and the fourth, sometimes with a very small spot attached to its upper side; a little beyond the band is a subcostal spot with another below it ; a large double spot subapical and another near the middle of the outer margin: hind wing witha rather broad black band narrowing hindwards, and continued in almost a line on two- thirds of the costa; a white spot on the costa below the 414 Colonel C. Swinhoe on new apex, a smaller spot just inside it, and a larger spot near the margin below the middle. Underside: wings as above ; body and legs white, tarsi black at the ends. Expanse of wings, g @, 14% to 2 inches. Hab. Stephensort, Dutch New Guinea ; a fine series. Section II. D. Veins 6 and 7 of hind wing stalked, palpi longer ; male without secondary sexual characters. Deilemera cenis parva, nov. Q. Very similar to D. cenis, Cramer, from Sikhim, Silhet, and Assam, but very much smaller, all the spots and bands about half the size. Expanse of wings 156 inch. Hab. Au-San, Central Formosa. ‘lwo females. Deilemera poliodesma, nov. & 2%. Head, collar, body, and palpi luteous, last joint black ; a black spot on the frons, another on the top of the head, two on the collar, a thick black stripe along the middle of the thorax, and a narrower black stripe on each side; abdomen with black segmental bands above, and black spots on the segments beneath: tore wing black ; a broad discal white band divided by the veins into six spots, much as in D. baulus, Boisd., from Bouru, but narrower, the uppermost spot small, the veins of the wing from the base to this band dull yellowish: hind wing pure white, a broad marginal black band, angled inwards on vein 2, narrowing on’ the costa, and running upwards for ashort space on the abdominal margin. Underside much as above, but paler, the inner portion of the fore wing suffused with dull ochreous. Expanse of wings, ¢ 2, 144 inch. Hab. New Britain (New Mecklenburg). . Belongs to the baulus group. Ihave a great number of examples of this group from the different islands, and, though more or less resembling each other, each island seems to contain a form of its own. Deilemera homogona, nov. ¢@. Allied to D. lacticinta, Cramer ; the abdomen is with- out the black segmental bands on the upperside, having merely a row of black dots, decreasing in size hindwards; the fore wing has the discal white band twice the width, — more compact, and on the upperside of the small outer white spot (the third from the costa) there is another white spot Species of Indo-Malayan Lepidoptera. 415 attached ; the marginal black band of the hind wing is much narrower and decreases in width hindwards. Hxpanse of wings 1,7, inch. fab. Hué, Annam. Deilemera perissa, nov. 6 ¢. Allied to D. luctuosa *, Vollenhoven, from Batjan Island ; palpi, head, and body ochreous, last joint of the palpi black ; frons with a black spot in its centre, one on the head, two on the collar ; three longitudinal stripes on the throat, a spot at the base of the abdomen followed by seg- mental black bands: fore wing black, a spear-shaped white band from near the base, widening outwards to the base of vein 2, where it is cut short; a short white streak from the base along the costa, another on the median vein to the base of vein 2, and a similar streak on the internal vein ; a fairly broad discal white band of seven white spots joined together, the fourth round and small, between the ends of the third and fifth, the lowest still smaller and oval; in one example, the band from the base is connected with the discal band by a thin white streak and there is a white spot at the end of the cell: hind wing white, with the usual black marginal band, much as in ductuosa. Underside as on the upperside; body and legs ochreous, the former spotted with black; the legs with black stripes. fixpanse of wings, ¢ 2,14 inch. flab. Obi Isl., Moluccas. A fine series. Deilemera delocyma, nov. 6. The antenne long, the pectinations also somewhat longer than is usual in the group ; pectus, frons, head, and thorax dull orange-ochreous ; frons with a black spot, one on the neck, two on the collar ; thorax with black stripes on the middle and on the sides ; abdomen dull orange-ochreous, with black segmental bands, so broad as almost to obliterate the ochreous colour: fore wing long; costa much arched before the apex; colour black, a white stripe below the median vein from the base to the middle; a broad and somewhat upright discal band divided by the veins into seven spots, extending from near the costa to near the hinder margin, the first three from the costa narrow, the fourth oval, wedged in between the onter halves of the third and fifth, the sixth the largest, the seventh small and round-edged: hind wing white, a broad black marginal border, angled at vein 2, and continued narrowly along the costa. Underside: body * Tidj. von Dierk, i. p. 42 (1863), 416 On new Species of Indo-Malayan Lepidoptera. orange-ochreous; abdomen with black segmental bands ; legs orange-ochreous striped with black. Expanse of wings 2 inches. Hab. Flores Isl. Family Orthostixide. Alex niasica, nov. Q. Frons and palpi black, the inner side of the first two joints of the palpi white ; ground-colour of the head, body, and wings greyish ochreous; head and collar blackish through thickly covered irrorations ; both wings uniformly covered with short brown striations : fore wing with a pale brown mark at the upper end of the cell, both wings with indistinct traces of outwardly curved, pale brown, thin bands, antemedial and discal; a thin, marginal, pale brown line and ochreous cilia with grey tips. Underside as above, but the striations and transverse lines thicker and more prominent. Expanse of wings 2 inches. Hab. Nias. Quite distinct from any other species of this genusknown tome. Family Geometride. Pingasa talagi, nov. @. Frons, head, body, and wings greyish white, strongly tinged with ochreous irrorations ; palpi with the third joint black, elongate as in P. aravensis, Prout * ; wings with the markings pale grey: fore wing with a sinuous blackish thick line closing the cell; a nearly straight short line beyond it from the middle of interspace 3 to near the costa, an indistinct outwardly curved subbasal line ; a more distinet and thicker postdiscal line, more or less distinctly macular ; a submarginal row of indistinct spots pricked with white on their inner sides, and minute dots on the outer margin; hind wing with a line closing the cell; the two outer marginal bands diffuse and more or less conjoined together and with the outer margin, the white inner marks on the very indistinct submarginal spots more prominent than they are on the fore wing. Underside: wings paler and without irrorations ; fore wing with a very large black spot at the end of the cell and a large black upper discal patch attenuated hindwards ; three white dots outside the upper part of the black patch ; hind wing with a thick black lunular mark at the end of the cell, and a large black upper discal patch as on the fore wing, but without the white dots. Expanse of wings 1,’ inch. Hab, Tulagi, a small island off Ysabel Island in the Solomon group (Everett). * Noy. Zool. xxiii. p. 7 (1916), On Cylindroiulus (Leucoiulus) nitidus (Verhoeg’). 417 XXXIX.—WNotes on Myriapoda.—V.* On Cylindroiulus (Leucoiulus) nitidus (Verhoef). By Hitpa K. BRAbg, M.Sc., L.R.C.P., M.R.C.S., and the Rev. 8S. GRAHAM Brrks, M.Sc. Last year Dr. A. Randell Jackson recorded f the finding by one of us f at Winkhill, near Leek, Staffs, of Cylindr onal (Leucoiulus) nitidus (Verhoef). This seems to have been the first record of the occurrence of this species in Britain, _ and the following notes are based primarily upon our study of material from the locality named in the light of the original paper § in which Dr. C. W. Verhoeff describes Julus nitidus. Ot this description we have made the fullest use, and we here express our indebtedness. Our specimens were first examined by Dr. Jackson, and then sent to Monsieur le Docteur Henry W. Brélemann of Pau, who, with his usual kindness, dissected one of the males, and identified it as the Julus nitidus described by Verhoeff. 1. OccURRENCE AND HABITAT. Cylindroiulus nitidus was taken in September 1915 at Winkhill, Staffs, by one of the writers (H. Kk. B.) ; three males and two immature specimens were found together under a stone on the grassy sides of the road leading from the station to the village; no adult females were then taken. In September 1916, when we had already made some study of the limited material then at our disposal, we took many specimens of both sexes in the same immediate neighbourhood. In the field C. nittdus resembles C. silvarum (Meinert) very closely except in habitat. Verhoeff states (doc. ett.) that he had noticed this animal only in woods or on heights. He records it in the Rhine and Moselle districts: at Melbthal, near Bonn, in a wood under leaves; at Ippendorter Hohe, near Bonn, at the edge of a wood under stones; at Cochem, in woods and at Siebengebirge, Petersberg, in woods under stones. There are some trees in the neighbourhood of the ground where the Hnglish specimens were collected at Winkhill; but the very limited area of its occurrence is not in close connection with woods, the district being hilly and * Theauthors’ previous notes I.-IV. in this series appeared as follows :— I., Lancs. & Ches. Nat., June 1916; II., zbed. July 1916; III., ‘Irish Naturalist, August 1916; LY. , Lanes. & Ches, Nat. , September 1916. tT “On some “Arthropods observed in O15,” Lanes. & Ches, Nat., Feb. 1916, p. 391. + HLK.B.: § “Ein Beitrag zur mitteleuropiischen Diplopoden-Fauna,” Berliner Entomolog. Zeitschrift, xxxvi, 1, 1891, pp. 116 e¢ seq. 418 Miss H. K. Brade and the Rev. S. G. Birks on rather bleak. Some little distance away, however, there are several well-wooded areas. The rocks of the neighbourhood are Carboniferous sand- stones and shales. There is Carboniferous Limestone not more than 3 miles distant ina southerly direction, 2. SYSTEMATIC POSITION. This species takes its place in the family Julide, being referred to the genus Cy/indroiulus (Julus s. |.) and subgenus Leucoiulus. 3. Some EXTERNAL CHARACTERS. (a) Dimensions. Dr. Verhoeff (Joc. cit.) gives the following dimensions :— Male: length 15-20 mm. ; breadth 1-0-1-3 mm. Female: length 18-24 mm., less often up to 29 mm. (as in the case of one example 2 mm. broad) ; breadth 1°3-2°0 mm. The dimensions of three males taken at Winkhill in 1915 are :— Length 14-20 mm.; breadth 1°0-1°3 mm. And of three females taken at the same place in 1916 :— Length 22-24 mm.; breadth 16-18 mm. (b) Colour-markings etc. The exoskeleton is brightly polished. Each pleurotergite of the trunk is composed, as usual, of a narrow anterior pro- zonite (fig. 2, p) anda broader posterior metazonite (fig. 2, m). In our specimens the general tone of colour is brownish, but the shade varies very much in different specimens from quite dark to fairly light; above the level of the foramina the pleurotergites are relatively dark, and dorsally the seg- ments are distinctly mottled by patches of a greyish tone ; passing ventrally the somites get much lighter, and so the mottled appearance is practically absorbed by the generai tone of colour. At the level of the foramina a row of distinet brown spots may be seen running along each side of the body. ‘These spots occur on each of the metazonites except those of the first few and last few segments. Frons and vertex without grooves. The prozonites are smooth. The metazonites are marked with longitudinal grooves set widely apart, but these grooves are wanting on the dorsal | portions of the most anterior segments (fig. 1). The ventral plates (sternites) are simple and insignificant. Cylindroiulus (Leueoiulus) nitidus (Verhog?). 419 Pige tf: Fig. 1.—C. nitidus, anterior end of body of g. Details of eye not shown. On the collum segment the characteristic curved groove is clearly seen. 3is the third body segment. x 36. H.K.B. del. Fig. 2.— Posterior end of same. f, foramina repugnatoria ; p, prozonite ; m, metazonite. x 36. H.K. B. del. 420 Miss H. K. Brade and the Rev. S. G. Birks on Above the mouth four bristle-bearing dimples are present. Crossing the head from side to side is a deeply pigmented band on which the eyes are situated laterally (fig. 1). The collum segment is large and a longitudinal furrow runs along each of its lateral edges, which are slightly curved. Above this longitudinal furrow and parallel to it near the posterior border on each side two very much shorter grooves sometimes occur. These shorter furrows appear to correspond to the longitudinal grooves of other segments, In Julus nitidus the foramina repugnatoria are small and situated on the posterior border of the metazonite, and so lie in close proximity to the sutures between the segments (fig. 2, f). The tergite of the anal segment is produced into a long caudal horn which tapers gradually and is bluutly pointed at the tip ; it is round in transverse section. (c) Appendages. We take the three males collected in 1915 as examples :-— A ¢ of 20 mm. had 56 segments, 101 pairs of legs, and 2 legless terminal segmeuts, Acgofl4 do. 46 do. 77 do. 4 do. Acogofl4 do 48 do. 85 do. 2 do. The number of segments and, therefore, the number of pairs of legs vary considerably according to the maturity of the specimens. The appendages of the males collected in 1915 are arranged as tollows :— Segments. Pairs of limbs. Dee ete : 1st One pair, modified, hook-shaped. SP see 3 2nd One pair, with pads on the 4th and 5th joints and a secretory organ on the coxite. S.. is. siete aioe ba Genital apertures. f. cBameeeeas drd One pair. 4th : Be Feu a pitaats 5th Two pairs. \Gth ag Giiehiee ei |7th Two pairs. 7 8th Anterior gonopods. ra tain ie’s dey RE 9th Posterior gonopods. 8 and onward . Meche iy Two pairs. Last 2or4 .. Legless. In the female the first and second pairs of legs are not modified, and in place of the gonopods are two pairs of Ww alking-legs ; ; otherwise the arrangement is the same. Cylindroiulus (Leucoiulus) nitidus (Verhoef). 421 (d) Ocelli. Dr. Verhoeff dwells upon the great interest of the ocelli in this species, and states that this character provides an inter- mediate condition between Ummatoiulus and Allaiulus. The external surface of the field of the eye is not broken up by the convexities of the individual ocelli, and with some illumi- nations the microscope reveals the fact that the field is quite smooth. With some illuminations it is impossible to see the individual ocelli, with others they are quite distinctly visible. Ocelli arrangement (1915 material) :— Ina ¢ of 14 mm.: 4, 5, 6, 5, 3, 2 (25). In curved rows, somewhat irregular. Ina ¢ of 20 mn: 3, 5, 6, 6, 4, 4, 2,1 (81). Trregular. 1 Ina ¢ of 14 mm.: 3, 4, 6, 5, 4, 1 (25). Irregular. In an immature specimen: 5, 4, 3, 2,1 (15). Fairly regular. do. do." = 4.35251 (0); oO. It will be seen that there is great variation in the number of individual ocelli. This is also noticed in Dr. Verhoeft’s description, where he records from 26-40 ocelli in different specimens. As in the case of the walking-legs, the greater number appear to occur in the more mature specimens. Fig. 3. Fig. 3.—First leg of male of C. nitidus. 140. H. K. B. del. Fig. 4.—Second leg of male, with segments numbered. s, secretory organ (penis). x 140. H.K. B. del. 3. MopIFIED APPENDAGES OF THE MALE. The first pair of legs are hook-shaped, forming an angle at the outer bend as the tip turns inwards, and a small prominence is present at this angle (fig. 3). The second pair 422 Miss H. K. Brade and the Rev. 8. G. Birks on of legs are also slightly modified, the joints being thicker than those of the normal walking-legs, and pads are present on the fourth and fifth joints—that is, the penultimate and antepenultimate joints (fig. 4). The claws are strong, and the last joints are armed with strong bristle-like spines, some of which overlap the claws. The coxite bears a secretory organ (fig. 4, s). The copulatory feet or gonopods are composed of the modified appendages (two pairs) of the seventh body-segment. Their situation is denoted by a gap, as these legs are retracted, in this group, within the somite to Fig. 5. Figs. 5-8.—Gonapods. A, anterior gonopod; B, posterior portion of posterior gonopod; C, anterior branch of posterior gonopod; a, b,c, parts of C; F, flagellum; d, hooked part of B; L-L, point of measurement (see text), Fig. 5.—Silhouette of anterior gonopods, anterior surface. x 140. H. K. B. del. Fig. 6.—Silhouette of posterior gonopods, posterior surface. x 140, HK. 'B. del, which they belong. They are complicated in character, and the anterior and posterior gonopods of each side:are firmly attached to one another. The anterior pair of gonopods are seen from an anterior position as two lobe-like projections rounded at the tip (fig. 5). From a posterior position the posterior pair appear as two pointed projections with the tips turned inwards, broader at the base than at the tips (fig. 6). — Viewed from the side the external surfaces of the anterior and — posterior gonopods are seen (fig. 7). ‘They are clearly sepa-_ rated at the free ends and united at the bases. The anterior gonopods are stronger and generally less transparent than the — posterior pair, which is delicate and very transparent, some parts being irregular in outline. . ‘ Cylindroiulus (Leucoiulus) nitidus (Verhoef). 423 The anterior gonopods are leaf-like in form, and, being convex posteriorly, their lateral edges wrap round and protect the anterior branch of the posterior gonopods somewhat (ie. 7). The posterior gonopods consist of a foliaceous anterior branch and a subtrapezoidal posterior portion. The anterior branch consists of three parts—a, b, and c— which are very distinct and characteristic ; a is finger-shaped and is the longest, standing out well beyond the others ; the middle portion, d, is the strongest, and is protected by very a > Ga ys) 9, ke breeze) ae ? ‘ te Anterior and posterior gonopods, external profile. x 140. H.K. B. del, thick chitin; while ¢ is smaller and approaches in shape more nearly to a. The structure of the posterior gonopod is clearly seen in fig. 8; which represents the inner view of the gonopods both anterior and posterior of one side. In this case the appendages have been flattened out somewhat to show the separate parts of each. The most prominent part of the posterior portion of the posterior gonopod is the hooked piece, d, which is sparsely plumous at the tip, while a noticeable feature is the flagellum, F. This, which is inserted upon the base of the anterior 424 gonopod, curves round so that its tip appears in repose above the delicate part of the posterior gonopod behind the hooked portion d. ‘The actual breadth of the posterior gonopods at L-L in the specimen figured is 0°210 mm.*, and that of the whole organ (anterior and posterior gonopods of one side together) is‘4 mm. On Cylindroiulus (Leucoiulus) nitidus (Verhoef). Fig. 8. B d Ey as ty , ? fi ra ‘eu od F ; : ‘ ’ ' ' ‘ % \ ~ ‘ \ s . Sa Anterior and posterior gonopods, internal profile. x 140. H.K. B. del. We are deeply indebted to Monsieur le Docteur Henry W. Brélemann for his very careful examination and report upon our material. Drawings of the gonopods which he furnished have been invaluable in the preparation of the illustrations which accompany this paper. We must also express our best thanks to Miss Simpson, of Darwen, for her assistance in translation. The Victoria University of Manchester. * Dr. Broélemann’s measurement. THE ANNALS MAGAZINE OF NATURAL HISTORY. [EIGHTH SERIES.] No. 114. JUNE 1917, XL.—WNotes on Collembola.—Part 4. The Classification of the Collembola; with a List of Genera known to occur in the British Isles. By Joun W. SuHorporuam, N.D.A., Berk- hampsted, Herts. In my paper on “Some Irish Collembola” (1914), p. 59, I remarked that the classification adopted was one which, in the main, had been accepted by authors for the previous seven years, and that Dr. Borner had recently proposed a new system on which I should make some notes. This paper was practically completed during the early part of 1914, but my unexpected call to South Africa prevented me publishing it, and I then intended waiting till I returned to England. However, as I am about to publish a preliminary account of the Collembola of Lancashire and Cheshire, I feel it is just as well to list them according to the new system, which is much to be preferred to any yet proposed. I therefore give here a translation of part of Boérner’s paper (19134), pp. 318-322, which forms a key to | the new classification, and I append a list of the genera of Collembola hitherto found in the British Isles. My best thanks are due to Dr. A. D. Imms, of the University of Manchester, for kindly seeing this paper through the press and for criticisms and suggestions, and to Mr. T. A. Coward, also of Manchester University, for much kind assistance. Ann, & Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 8. Vol, xix. 28 426 Mr. J. W. Shoebotham’s Notes on Collembola. There have been many different arrangements of the Collembola made during the last 75 years, and the number of families recognized has varied from 3 to as many as 8, Nicolet (1842) has the springtails divided into the Smynthurelles, Podurelles, and Lipurelles, and Lubbock (1862) called these Smynthuride, Poduride, and Lipuride, while in his monograph (1873) he formed 6 families, viz., Smynthuride, Papiriide, Degeeriade, Poduride, Lipuride, and Anouride. Various modifications were used by authors till the end of the 19th century, when another family— Neelide—was made for the reception of the genus Neelus of Folsom. Schiffer (1896), in his paper on “ The Collembola from the Neighbourhood of Hamburg,” differentiated the subfamilies Jsotomine and Tomocerine, which now rank as separate families. During the present century the work of Borner has done much to advance our knowledge of the classification of the order Collembola. In one of his earliest papers (1901 a) he divided the Collembola into two suborders, the linear kinds to be grouped under the name Arthropleona and the globular forms he called Symphypleona. Keys were given to the families and subfamilies of the “Kp }aatiess Mr. J. W. Shoebotham’s Notes on Collembola. 427 restricted for the single genus Podura. The second section Entomobryomorpha, which corresponds to the old Entomo- bryide, was also split into three; the name Lntomobryide was retained for those species possessing the T'rochanteral organ, and the rest divided into two new families, Isutomide and Tomoceride. The Sminthuride and Neelide remained as before. This classification gives us 8 families, and it may seem a large number for so small an order, but there are many districts in the world that have never been searched for springtails, and others in only a haphazard manner, and, doubtless, when the group has been more thoroughly worked, there will be hundreds of new species discovered, which will result in the formation of new genera, and probably of the larger divisions also. ; As an example of how a tribe has increased in size and importance in recent years, take the Cyphoderini. This tribe for many years contained only the one genus Cypho- derus, Nicolet (1842), and that genus, as we know it to-day, contained only two or three species up to the end of the 19th century. Now, as a result of collections made in various parts of the world, there are the additional genera, Cypho- derodes of Silvestri (1911), Pseudocyphoderus, Imms (1912), the peculiar genus Calobatella described by Borner (1913 a). The genus Cyphoderus now contains a dozen or more species, with the probability of the number being increased in the near future. Synopsis of Suborders, Sections, Families, Subfamilies, and Tribes of the Order Collembola, taken from Borner (1913 4), pp. 318-322. A, Body flattish-cylindrical, elongated, as a rule distinctly segmented, with free thoracic and free abdominal segments; rarely the abdominal segments 5 and 6 or 4-6 are fused together. Suborder ArTHROPLEONA, C. B., 1901. I, Tergum of the prothorax similar to the terga of the other body- segments, always, as in the case of these, possessing some hairs. Furcula present or absent, in the first case lying under abdominal tergum 4. Integument generally granular, mostly soft, seldom with stouter chitinized s¢lerites. Ventral tube always short, pocket-like, smooth-walled. Manubrium ventrally always without hairs. Section PopuromorpHA, C. B., 1913. a. Without pseudocelli. With or without eyes, Sensory organ ot the third antennal segment only with sense-rods, without sense-cones, without outer papillae. Fourth antennal segment without subapical sense-pit, always with retractile sense-knob, 28* 428 Mr. J. -W. Shoebotham’s Notes on Collembola. 1. Head hypognathous. Eyes situated near the hind edge of the head. Dentes bowed in the horizontal plane, annulated towards the end, over-reaching the ventral tube. Manubrium in form recalling that of the Symphypleona, with a special medial support-piece of the dentes. 1. Family Popurim (C. B.), 1906. 2, Head obliquely prognathous. With or without eyes, these, if present, situated in front of the middle of the head. Dentes not annulated, fairly straight, seldom reaching past the ventral tube, or the furcula more or less completely reduced. When the furcula is present the manubrium is simple in form, without the medial support-piece of the dentes. 2, Family Hypogastrurip& (C. B.). i. Mandibles with well-developed molar plate. Subfamily Hypoeastrurin#, C, B., 1906. ii. Mandibles without true molar plate or absent. Subfamily AcnorcTin#, C. B., 1906, * Anal segment with undivided supra-anal valve. With or without furcula. Tribe PsruDACHORUTINI, C. B., 1906. *# Anal segment with double-lobed broader supra-anal valve. Without furcula. Tribe AcHoruTINI, C. B., 1906. b. With pseudocelli. Without eyes. The sense-organ on antenna III. provided with from 2-3 sense-cones, and often at the same time with outer papille and protecting bristles, in addition to the sense-rods. Post-antennal organ generally well-developed. Antennal segment 4 generally with subapical sense-pit (= Lipuride, Lubbock, 1869 *.) 3. Family Onycururip® (Lbk., C. B.). Il. Tergum of the prothorar always membranous and without hairs. Fureula generally present, and in the more recent forms of the group pushed analwards, Integument generally smooth, mostly with sclerites. Ventral tube short or elongated, sometimes with a lateral blind sac. Manubrium ventrally, generally with hairs or scales, seldom naked. Section EnromopryomorpPHA, C. B., 1913. a. Trochanteral organ absent. Ventral edge of the claw simple, without groove. 1. Third and fourth abdominal terga of nearly equal length or the 4th longer, sometimes this (the 4th) fused with the 5th and 6th (without scales’). Naked or ciliated sensory sete (=bothriotriche) present or absent. 4, Family lsoromip& (Schffr., C. B., 1896-1903.) 1 This should be 1870. Lubbock’s “Notes on the Thysanura— Part 4,” was published in 1870, not 1869.—J. W. 8. 2 This is as given by Borner (19180); but, to include the genus Oncopodura, Carl & Lebed., it should now read “Scales nearly always absent, when present they are without longitudinal ribs.”—J. W.5., 1914, Mr. J. W. Shoebotham’s Notes on Collembola. 4.29 i. Head obliquely prognathous. Antenne inserted in the front half of the head. (Trachew absent.) Furcal seg- ment without chitin-ridges, to which are articulated the basal sclerites of the furcula if these (the chitin-ridges) are present. Furcula seldom absent, Post-antennal organ generally present. = Subfamily Isoromimn™®, Schffr., 1896. (Including the Isoromurint, C. B., 1906.) ii. Head hypognathous. Antennz inserted in the middle of the head. (Head trachee present.) Furcal segment with two stout chitin-ridges, which serve for the articulation of the basal sclerite of the furcula. Subfamily AcraLetTina, C. B., 1906. 2, Third abdominal tergum considerably longer than the fourth, all abdominal segments free. With longitudinally ribbed scales. Post-antennal organ absent. Sensory sete present, ~ ciliated. Furcula always present. 5. Family Tomocreripa (Schfir., 1896). i. Dentes annulated; mucro diminutive, without hairs, An- tennal segments 3 and 4 about equally long. Subfamily LeprnopHoretiin& (C. B., 1906.) ii. Dentes not annulated, 2-segmented ; mucro longish, with hairs. Third antennal segment strikingly elongated (this annulated as well as the fourth), Subfamily Tomocerin™ (C. B., 1906). b. Trochanteral organ present (on the trochanters of the hind legs), Ventral edge of the clawsas a rule with basal groove (“split”). Hairs and scales (at least in part) ciliated. Fourth abdominal tergum as a rule considerably longer than the third. Ciliated sensory sete always present. Furcula always present. 6. Family EnNromosprym (C. B., 1906). 1. Dentes slender, annulated dorsally here and there. Mucro small. With or without scales. With or without eyes, Empodial appendage with 4 wing-corners. Subfamily Enromosryin» (C. B., 1906). i, Antenna 4-segmented, with undivided basal segments. Tribe EnromosryinI, C. B., 1906. ii. Antenna 5- or 6-segmented, with the first or first and second segments secondarily divided into two. Tribe OHCHESELLINI, C. B., 1906, [Here also belongs, presumably, the Heteromuricine of Imms, 19]2. The medial cercus described by Imms should be nothing else than a peculiarly elongated supra- anal valve. | 2. Dentes not annulated, not, or only a little, tapered towards the end. i. Dentes without dorsal ciliated scales or ciliated spines, dorsally and dorso-laterally (often completely all round) uniformly haired ; if dental spines are present, then some- times they are modified into bristles at the ends of the dentes. Empodial appendage with 4 strong wing-corners, 430 Mr. J. W. Shoebotham’s Notes on Collembola. ‘ Mucrones plump. Coxe strikingly short. With or without ala, The hitherto known forms with eyes and free-living. Subfamily PaRronELLIN=”E (C. B., 1906). ii. Dentes with dorsal ciliated scales or ciliated spines, these at the bases of the dentes pass over into ciliated bristles. Coxe generally distinctly longer than the trochanters (also in Troglopedetes ?). Empodial appendage with 3 wing- corners, or more or less reduced. yeless and scaled. Subfamily CyrHoprrinz (C, B., 1906). * With one entodorsal row of ciliated spines on the dentes. Free-living in caves. Tribe TRoGLoPEepETInI, C. B., 19138. ** With a double row of ciliated scales on the dentes. Man- dibles with or without molar plate. Head obliquely pro- gnathous, or hypognathous. Claws normal or with a> bladder-like terminal portion. Mostly living in association with ants or termites. Tribe CypHopErinI, C. B., 1918. B. Body pear-shaped to almost globular, as a rule, with obsolete seg- mentation of the thorax and the first 4 abdominal segments; especially the abdominal terga and pleure not differentiated. The ano-genital segments remain mostly independent, but are occasionally fused together. Manubrium with a medial support-piece of the dentes, similar to the Poduride, ventrally always without hairs, Pronotum (sometimes also the metanotum) without hairs. Suborder SympuypLeEona, C. B., 1901. . Antenne inserted in or in front of the middle of the head, always considerably shorter than the head-diagonal, 4-segmented ; head without elevated vertex. Corpus tenaculi without bristles. Coxe elongated, also on the outer side distinctly longer than the trochanteral segment. Ano-genital segment concealed under the furcal segment (seen from above). Abdominal sensory set absent. 7. Family NEELIDz, Folsom, 1896. . Antenne. inserted behind (over) the middle of the head, generally considerably longer than the head-diagonal, not rarely with subdivided segments. Head with distinctly elevated vertex over the neck. Corpus tenaculi (generally) with bristles. Coxe not elongated, on the outer side considerably shorter than the inner side and than the trochanteral segment. Ano-genital segment not concealed under the furcal segment. Abdominal sensory setee present. 8. Family SminrHurt2, Lubbock, 1862. . Ventral sac (tube) even in full-grown animals smooth-walled (seldom at the tips with small warts—after Linnaniemi). Corpus tenaculi with lateral appendage (stylus?) at the base of the rami, Integument granular. Trachee (always?) present. Subfamily SminvHurwinz, C. B., 1906 * Anal and genital segment fused, on each side with two (one small) sensory sete. Tribe SmintTHURIDINI, C. B., 1913. ** Anal and genital segment separated, sometimes the latter fused with the furcal segment. The genital segment with only one sensory seta. Tribe Katiannint, C. B., 19138. «4 one Mr. J. W. Shoebotham’s Notes on Collembola. 431 2. Ventral sac (tube) in full-grown animals with warted walls, Antenne always distinctly bent. i. Antenne bent between the 3rd and 4th segments, 4th segment longer than the 3rd, the latter always undivided. Furcal segment without: paired dorsal papilla. Corpus tenaculi at the base of the rami without lateral appendage. Trachez present (always?). Genital and anal segment not fused. Subfamily SminrHurin», C. B., 1906. * Tibio-tarsus at the distal end on the hind side with 2-3 (seldom with a 4th on the front side) more or less closely applied clubbed hairs, not, or only little, over-reaching the claws. With or without empodial appendage. Mucronal bristle absent. Tribe BouRLETIELLINI, C. B., 1913. [Here also belongs the genus Corynephoria, Absolon (1907), which is very nearly related to Bourletiella, and which only differs by the absence of the empodium and through the dorsal clavate appendage. It is doubtful also whether it possesses tracheze ; abdominal sensory setz are, however, present in normal numbers. | ** Tibio-tarsus without the described clubbed hairs, having instead sometimes outstanding, finely knobbed, clavate hairs, Mucro with or without bristle. Tribe SminrHuRIn, C. B., 1913. ii. Antenne bent between the 2nd and 3rd segments, 4th always shorter than the 3rd. Furcal segment with one pair of dorsal papille. Corpus tenaculi as in 1 (i. e. Sminthuridine). Trachez absent (always?). Genital and anal segment fused. Subfamily Dicyrtomin2, C. B., 1906. The Genus Srra, Lubbock. In 1870, in his “Notes on the Thysanura—Part 4,” Lubbock described several Collembola new to the English Fauna, and one formed the type of a new genus which he called Sira (Seira). In his monograph, three years later, = he described several species under Sira, including S. domestica (Nic.). S. nigromaculata, Lbk. S. buskit Lbk. In later years the genus was split up, and Schétt proposed the name Pseudosira for types like the S$. domestica (Nic.), leaving the name Sira for those like nigromaculata and buskii. But this should not be so, for Lubbock expressly states that domestica forms the type of his genus Sira. Therefore Pseudosira must fall and Sira take its place, and for the species hitherto included in Sra, I propose the new name Willowsia’. ? Named after my friend Mr. F. W. Willows, of Tsolo, South Africa. 432 Mr. J. W. Shoebotham’s Notes on Collembola. Genus Srra, Lbk., mihi. Seira, Lubbock (1870), p. 279. = Pseudosira, Schott. Dentes ventrally covered with scales. | Type. S. domestica (Nic.), Genus WiLLowsiA, gen. nov. Dentes ventrally only with ciliated hairs, without scales. Type. W. (Seira) nigromaculata (Lbk.), List of Genera of €ollembola found in the British Isles. Class INSECTA. Subclass Apterygota, Oudns. Order COLLEMBOLA, Lbk. Suborder ARTHROPLEONA, C. B. Section PODUROMORPHA, C. B. 1. Family Poduride (C. B.). 1. Genus Popura, Linn., The. Il. Family Hypogastruride (C. B.). Subfamily HypocaAsTRuRIN 2, C. B. 2. Genus HypogastruRA, Bourl., C. B, 3. Genus Xeny.a, The. 4, Genus WitEmia, C. B. 5. Genus P A genus comes hererelated to both Hypogastrura and Xenylla. I have an English species in my collection, which in many respects is intermediate between these two genera, but so far 1 have not described it. Possibly it is Beckerella, Linnaniemi, Subfamily Acworvrin~”, C. B. Tribe PseEuDACcHORUTINI, C.B. 6. Genus PseuDACHORUTES, The. 7. Genus Micranurtpa, C. B. 8. Genus Anurips, Laboulb. 9. Genus Friesea, D. T. Mr. J. W. Shoebotham’s Notes on Collembola. 433 10. Genus CoonpRAcHoRuTES, Wahlgr. [The genus Chondrachorutes of Wahlgren has not been previously recorded from the British Isles, but it nevertheless occurs there, for I took specimens at Berkhamsted, Herts, in 1910, but have not yet described them. ] Tribe ACHORUTINI, C. B. 11. Genus AcnorvtTEs, Templ., C. B. = Neanura, MacG. Ill. Family Onychiuride (Lbk., C. B.). 12. Genus OnycuiuRvs, Gery., C. B. 13. Genus ProrapHorura, Absln., C. B. 14. Genus TuLLBERera, Lbk. Section ENTOMOBRYOMORPHA, C. B. IV. Family Isotomide (Schffr., C. B.). Subfamily [soromrn#, Schflr. 15. Genus Isoroma, Bourl., C. B. 16. Genus AGRENIA, C. B. 17. Genus Prorsoroma, C. B. 17 a. Genus ? ARcHIsoToma, Linnaniemi. {Linnaniemi has proposed the genus Archi- sotoma for the reception of Proisotoma bessellsi (=P. spitzbergenensis, Lbk.), but as I have neither my specimens of Jessed/si nor Linnaniemi’s descrip- tion by me at the moment, I cannot say whether it should be regarded as a separate genus or asa subgenus of Provsotoma. | 18. Genus ANUROPHORUS, Nic. 19. Genus Forsomia, Willem. 20. Genus TETRACANTHELLA, Schtt. 21. Genus Isoromopks, Axels-Linn. 22. Genus Isotomurvs, C. B. 23. Genus OncopopuRA, Carl & Lebed. Subfamily AcTALeTINA, CO. B. [The subfamily Actaletine is not represented in the British Isles. | 43-4 Mr. J. W. Shoebotham’s Notes on Collembola. V. Family Tomoceride (Schffr.). Subfamily Lep:poPvoRELLiIn», ©. B. The subfamily Lepidophorelline is not represented in the British Isles. ] Subfamily Zomocerrn (C. B.). 24. Genus Tomocrrvs, Nic, 24a, Genus ? Poconoenatuus, C. B. [Borner has proposed the genus Pogonognathus for the species Tomocerus (P.) longicornts Miill.). } VI. Family Entomobryide ((. B.). Subfamily Evromopryin_ex (C. B.). Tribe ENToOMOBRYINI, C. B. 25, Genus EnTromoprya, Rond. 26. Genus SinExxa, Brook. 27. Genus Lepipocyrtvs, Bourl. . 28. Genus Srra, Lbk., Sbthm, 29. Genus WILLowSIA, gen. nov. Tribe ORCHESELLINI, C. B. 30, Genus ORCHESELLA, Templ. 31, Genus HerEromurvs, Wankel. Subfamily Paronecrin sé, C. B. (The subfamily Puronelline is not found in the British Isles. } Subfamily Crpyoperine (C. B.). Tribe TROGLOPEDETINI, C. B. {This tribe has not yet been found in the British Isles. | Tribe Cy PHODERINI, CO. B. 2. Genus CyPHODERUS, Nic, Suborder SYMPHYPLEONA, C. B. VII. Family Neelidz, Flsm. 33, Genus Nretvs, Flsm. 34, Genus MeGaLorHorax, Willem, Mr. J. W. Shoebotham’s Notes on Collembola. 435 VIII. Family Sminthuride, Lbk. Subfamily SuznruuRiDIN», C. B. Tribe SmMinTHURIDINI, C.B. 35. Genus SMINTHURIDES, C. B. Tribe KATIANNINI, C.B. 36. Genus SmintHURINvS, C. B. 37. Genus ArruHopatires, C. B. Subfamily Surwravrin A, C. B. « Tribe BOURLETIELLINI, C.B. 38. Genus BourLerietia, Banks, C. B. Tribe SMiInTHURINI, C.B. 39. Genus SmintHurRus, Latr., C. B. 40, Genus Attacma, C. B. 41, Genus SpHryorHeca, C. B. Subfamily Dicyrromin 4, C.B. 42, Genus Dicyrroma, Bourl., C. B. 43, Genus Dicyrtomina, C. B. 44, Genus Prenoturix, C. B. References. Axpsoton, K. (1907.) “Zwei neue Collembolen-Gattungen.” Wiener Entomol. Zeitung, Jahrg. 1907, pp. 335-843, with 3 figs, Borner, C. (1901a.) ‘ Vorlaufige Mittheilung iiber einige neue Aphorurinen und zur Systematik der Collembola.” Zool, Anz. yol. xxiv. no. 6338, pp. 1-15. (19014.) “Zur Kenntnis der Apterygoten-Fauna von Bremen und der Nachbardistrikte. Beitrag zu einer Apterygoten Fauna Mitteleuropas.” Abh. Nat. Ver. Bremen, vol. xvii. Heft 1, pp- 1-140, pls. i., ii., text-figs. 1-63. (1903.) “ Neue altweltliche Collembolen, nebst Bemerkungen zur Systematik der Isotominen und Entomobryinen.” Sitzungs- Ber. eae naturt. Freunde zu Berlin, 1908, no. 3, pp. 129- 182, 1 pl. (1906.) “Das System der Collembolen, nebst Beschreibung neuer Collembolen des Hamburger Naturhistorischen Museums.” Mitt. aus dem Naturhist. Museum, xxiii— Jahrbuch der Hamburg. Wissensch. Anst. xxiii. pp. 147-188, with 4 text-figs. (1913 4.) “Neue Cyphoderinen.” Zool. Anz. vol. xli. no. 6, pp. 274-284, figs. 1-9. (1913b.) “ Die Familien der Collembolen,” Zool. Anz, vol. xli, " no. 7, pp. 315-322. 436 Mr. R. BE, Turner on Fossorial Hymenoptera. Fotsom, J. W. (1896.) ‘ Neelus murinus, representing a new Thysa- nuran family.” Psyche, vol. vii. no. 242, pp. 391, 392, pl. B. Inuus, A. D. (1912.) “On some Collembola from India, Burma, and Ceylon; with a Catalogue of the Oriental Species of the Order.” Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1912, pp. 80-125, pls. vi.—xii. Lussock, J. (1862.) “Notes on the Thysanura} Part 1. Smyn- thuride.” Trans. Linn. Soc. vol. xxiii. pp. 429-448, pls. xlv., xlvi. —. (1870.) “Notes on the Thysanura, Part 4.” Trans. Linn. Soc, vol. xxvii. pp. 277-297, pls. xlv., xlvi. ——. (1873.) Monograph of the Collembola and Thysanura. London, Ray Society, 1873, pp. 1-276, pls. i.—Ixxviii. Nicoter, H. (1842.) “Recherches pour servir 4 l’histoire des Podu- relles.” Mém, de la Soc. Helv. des Sc. Nat. vol. vi. pp. 1-88, Is. 1.-ax. Scuirrer, C. (1896.) “ Die Collembola der Umgebung von Hamburg und benachbanter Gebiete.” Mitth. aus dem Naturhist. Museum, vol. xiii. pp. 149-216, pls. i.—iv. Suorsotuam, J. W. (1914.) “ Notes on Collembola.—Part. 2. Some Trish Collembola, and Notes on the Genus Orchesella.” Ann, & Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xiii., Jan. 1914, pp. 59-68, pl. iii. Srtvestri, F. (1911.) “ Termitiofili raccolti dal Prof. K. Escherich a Ceylon.” Zool. Jahrb. vol. xxx. Heft 4, pp. 401-418, pls. v.—xi. XLI.—Notes on Fossorial Hymenopteraa—XXVIII. On new Ethiopian Species of Bembex in the British Museum. By Row LanD E. Turner, F.Z.S., F.E.S. Bembex obtusa, sp. n. g. Niger ; mandibulis, apice excepto, labro, clypeo, fronte macula obliqua nigra utrinque, scapo, orbitis externis, pronoto margine postico, callis humeralibus, prosterno, mesosterno antice, meso- noto linea supra tegulas, scutello linea obliqua utrinque, post- scutello margine postico, pedibusque flavis; femoribus anticis supra nigro-lineatis, tarsis anticis infra nigro-maculatis; seg- mento dorsali primo macula transversa utrinque fasciaque trans- versa mediana angustissima, segmentis dorsalibus 2-6 fascia transversa bisinuata, ventralibus 2-5 macula utrinque, segmento- que ventrali primo fascia angusta apicali flavo-olivaceis; flagello subtus ochraceo; segmento dorsali sexto apice, septimoque dimidio basali ferrugineis; alis hyalinis, venis fuscis, thorace duplo longioribus. Long. 21 mm. 3. Clypeus very broadly triangularly flattened on the apical half, labrum flattened at the base; a strong longitudinal carina between the antenne; sixth, seventh, and eighth joints of the flagellum each with two or three small spines beneath, 1 RNC Regen Spates 89 Mr. R. E. Turner on Fossorial Hymenoptera. 437 joints 9 and 10 subdenticulate beneath, penultimate joint concave beneath, longer than the tenth, apical joint about half as long again as the penultimate, concave beneath, blunt and rather strongly curved at the apex. Fore tarsi rather stout, with a strong tarsal comb, the apical joint flattened, nearly as broad and less than half as long again as the penultimate, with a small spine on the middle of the outer margin ; anterior and intermediate femora not serrate ; inter- mediate tibize produced into a distinct spine at the apex. Seventh dorsal segment very broad, with parallel sides on the basal portion to beyond the middle, the apex obtuse; the surface of the segment finely punctured, with coarse punc- tures intermixed near the apex. Second ventral segment with a very large tubercle, which is broadly truncate at the apex; sixth ventral segment with a slightly raised, broadly triangular area near the apex; seventh broad, with a longi- tudinal carina on each side; eighth produced into a stout blunt tooth. Median cell of the hind wing emitting only one vein from the apex. Hab. Nyasaland, Mlanje, 2300 ft. (S. A. Neave), October. The apical dorsal segment is shaped somewhat as in the variety of B. pugillatrix figured by Handlirsch (Sitzungsb. Akad. Wiss. Wien, cii. t. v. fig. 15), but the paraliel sides are continued much nearer to the apex than in that figure. In the antenuz it approaches albofasciata, Sm. (=harschii, Handl.), also in the short wings, but differs in the legs and apical abdominal segments. The three intermediate joints of the fore tarsi are moderately dilated, about as broad as long, nearly as much dilated as in Jatitarsis, Hand. Bembex johnstont, Turn. Bembex johnstoni, Turn. Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) x. p. 872 (1912). 6. This belongs to the group of B. diversipennis, not of mébii, to which I compared it in the description; it is, indeed, probably only an extreme colour-variation of diversipennis. In a considerable series of that species from E. Africa the thorax is always without yellow markings in both sexes, except in one female from Harar. The yellow markings on the abdomen vary much, but do not form continuous fascize as in most West-African specimens. ‘The wings are hyaline in the male, more or less strongly ijuscous at the base in the female in all specimens which I have seen. 438 Mr. R. E. Turner on Fossorial Hymenoptera, Bembex albidula, sp. n. g. Niger; abdomine ceruleo-tincto; mandibulis, apice excepto, labro, clypeo macula magna basali nigra utrinque, scapo subtus, orbitis, macula parva utrinque sub ocellis, prosterno, callis humeralibus apice, segmento mediano angulis posticis, segmentis dorsalibus 2-4 fascia late interrupta, primo macula magna utrinque, quinto fascia anguste interrupta, sexto linea transversa utrinque, segmentis ventralibus secundo tertioque macula parva utrinque, femoribus anticis intermediisque subtus, tibiis supra nigro-lineatis, tarsisque anticis intus albidis; alis hyalinis, venis fuscis, antic latitudine thoracis duplo et dimidium longiores, Long. 22 mm. 3. Eyes distinctly divergent towards the clypeus ; labrum flattened, clypeus convex; carina between the antenna very low. Antenne almost normal; eighth joint of the flagellum with two very minute spines beneath ; ninth with a minute spine near the base; apical joint slightly curved, rounded at the apex, longer than the penultimate. Fore tarsi mode- rately stout, the joints not dilated; the basal joint with seven spines, the basal spine small. Fore and intermediate femora unarmed, intermediate tarsi simple, intermediate tibia not produced at the apex and without a long apical spur. Seventh dorsal segment subtriangular, narrowly rounded at the apex, closely punctured at the base, sparsely at the apex. Second ventral segment with a small tubercle near the apex ; sixth produced into a stout blunt tooth at the apex ; seventh unarmed, without carine; eighth in the form of an acute spine. Median cell of the hind wing emitting two veins from the apex. Hab. Sierra Leone, Mussaia (J. J. Simpson), April. This fine species is somewhat intermediate between divers?- pennis and monedula, but seems to belong to the group of the latter, though distinguished from it by the spines on the eighth and ninth joints of the flagellum, and by the much narrower seventh dorsal segment. Handlirsch, in giving the distinguishing characters of the group, says “ Mittelschenkel geziilnt,” but in describing the species says “ femoribus inter- mediis infra non dentatis.” ‘The latter statement is correct. B. ugandensis, Turn., is also near this species, but differs in the structure of the antennee, the hollow grooves beneath the three apical joints being well marked in ugandensis and almost obsolete in the present species, the spines on the other joints are also different. The colour-differences, though great and apparently constant locally, cannot alone be relied on in this group, Mr. R. E. Turner on Fossorial Hymenoptera. 439 Bembewx odontopyga, sp. n. ¢g. Niger; mandibulis, apice excepto, labro, clypeo macula basali nigra utrinque, scapo subtus, orbitis, femoribus, tibiisque subtus, tarsisque flavis; flagello subtus obscure brunneo; segmentis dorsalibus 2-4 fascia angusta late interrupta, quinto sextoque fascia continua, septimo macula obliqua utrinque, segmentisque ventralibus 2-5 fascia angusta continua apicali brunneo-flavis ; segmentis dorsalibus obscure cruleo-micantibus ; segmento septimo dorsali apice fusco-ferrugineo ; alis hyalinis, venis fuscis. Long. 19 mm. 6. Clypeus with a carina from the base to beyond the middle, deflexed from the end of the carina to the apex, not very strongly convex ; the carina between the antenna very distinct. Four apical antennal joints distinctly hollowed beneath, stout, the apical joint blunt at the apex, a little longer than the penultimate. Head, thorax, and median segment clothed with long whitish pubescence, that on the mesonotum shorter and brownish. Fore tarsi normal, the basal joint with seven spines ; fore and intermediate femora not serrate. Median segment with a very feeble longitudinal groove. Seventh dorsal segment with a short spine on each side near the base, the apex rather broadly truncate, not undulating at the sides. Ventral segments unarmed. Wings about two and a half times as long as the breadth of the thorax; median cell of the hind wing emitting two veins from the apex. The eyes are distinctly divergent towards the clypeus. Hab. Nyasaland, Negara (Dr. J. EL. S. Old), October. This belongs to the bidentata group, and apart from colour- differences may be distinguished from mébiz by the absence of a strong tooth at the apex of the intermediate femora; from bidentata by the more distinct carina of the clypeus, by the colour of the pubescence, and by the broader apex and less developed teeth of the seventh dorsal segment. B. scott, Turn., the only remaining African species of the group, may be at once distinguished from this by the much finer and sparser puncturation of the thorax and median segment. In colour odontopyga resembles compedita, Turn., which is allied to fuscipennis, Bembex forcipata, Hand, Bembex forcipata, Handl. Sitzungsb. Akad. Wiss. Wien, cii. p. 798 (1893). ¢. Bembex massaica, Cameron, Sjistedt, Kilimandjaro-Meru Exp. ii. p. 290 (1910). dg. 440 Mr. R. E. Turner on Fossorial Hymenoptera. Bembew liturata, sp. n. 3S. Niger; labro albido, basi macula longitudinali brunnea; man- dibulis, apice excepto, clypeo fascia transversa basali nigra, seapo subtus, orbitis, pronoto margine postico, propleuris callis humer- alibus, mesosterno antice, tegulis macula, linea supra tegulas, scutello margine postico, pedibusque flavis; tibiis supra nigro- lineatis ; segmentis dorsalibus sex basalibus fascia flavo-olivacea ; segmentis ventralibus primo apice, secundo fascia lata transversa, 3-6 macula utrinque flavis; alis hyalinis, venis fusco-ferrugineis. 2. Mari similis, clypeo dimidio basali nigro; segmento mediano macula parva utrinque flavo; segmento ventrali secundo dimidio apicali brunneo-ferrugineo, utrinque flavo-maculato. Long., d 17, 29 15 mm. 8. Clypeus strongly convex; inner margin of the eyes almost parallel ; no carina between the antennae ; seventh joint of the flagellum emarginate at the apex beneath, eighth with a small spine beneath, ninth and tenth stout, penultimate joint much broadened, longer than the subconical apical joint. Tarsi slender, the spines of the comb of the anterior tarsi slender ; intermediate femora very teebly serrate. Seventh dorsal segment very broadly rounded or subtruncate at the apex, with a marginal carina on each side near the base. Second ventral segment with a strong tubercle, which is rounded at the apex; sixth with a large raised semicircular area. Wings rather short, only twice as long as the breadth of the thorax ; median cell of the hind wing emitting only one vein from the apex. ?. Basal joint of the fore tarsus with seven spines ; sixth dorsal segment broadly triangular, very sparsely punctured in the middle, more coarsely and closely on the sides ; second ventral segment shining in the middle, with large sparse punctures. Hab. 8. Africa, Willowmore (Dr. H. Brauns), December. ‘The male genitalia are not strongly curved as in the mela- nopa group, the relationship being rather with the mediterranea group. Bembewx opima, sp. n. 3. Niger, clypeo, mandibulis, apice excepto, labroque albo-flavi- dulis; flagello subtus brunneo-ferrugineo ; scapo, supra nigro maculato, orbitis, pronoto postice, callis humeralibus, tegulis, mesonoto linea supra tegulas, scutello margine postico, postscutello margine postico, segmento mediano fascia angusta apicali, seg- mento dorsali primo dimidio apicali, secundo antice nigro bi- sinuato, 3-6 omnino, segmentis ventralibus 2-5 lateribus et Fabricius’s Types of Odonata in the British Museum. 441 _ margine apicali, pedibusque flavis; alis hyalinis, venis fusco- ferrugineis, Q. Mari similis ; macula flava sub ocellis, segmento dorsali secundo flavo, macula parva nigra utrinque, 3-5 basi anguste nigris, sexto nigro macula flava apicali utrinque; ale antice thoracis latitu- dine duplo et dimidium longiores. Long., ¢ 2,16 mm. 6. Clypeus strongly convex, labrum flattened, no carina between the antenne ; seventh, eighth, and ninth joints of the flagellum spined beneath, apical joint curved, truncate at the apex, no longer than the penultimate. Anterior femora unarmed, intermediate femora very obscurely serrate ; ante- rior tarsi normal, the basal joint with six spines ; intermediate tibize and tarsi normal. Second ventral segment with a strong tubercle acute at the apex; sixth ventral segment with a slightly raised triangular area; seventh dorsal segment closely punctured, narrowly rounded at the apex, the sides with short, stiff, black pubescence. Median cell of the hind wing emitting two veins from the apex, the lower vein ill-defined. Head and thorax thickly clothed with grey pubescence. 2. Middle of the second ventral segment shining, with deep sparse punctures ; sixth dorsal segment subtriangular, very narrowly rounded at the apex, closely punctured, with stiff sete on the sides, subcarinate longitudinally in the middle. . Hab. 8. Africa, Willowmore (Dr. H. Brauns), January and February. The seventh ventral segment of the male has a median longitudinal carina. This seems to be nearest to capicola, Handl., though differing in the armature of the ventral segments of the male, the shape and sculpture of the seventh dorsal segment, and in other smaller details. j 1 4 r | . i a” fh : , XLII.—On Fabricius’s Types of Odonata in the British : Museum (Natural History). By Hersperr CAMPION. ; As faras I am able to ascertain, the British Museum Collec- 4 tions include fourteen Dragonflies which have been described E or determined by Fabricius. All but two of them came in Sir Joseph Banks’s Collection of insects, which was presented by the Linnean Society in 1863. Although the welfare of Ann. & Mag. N. Hist. Ser, 8. Vol. xix. 29 re > oh. 442 Mr. H. Campion on Fabrictus’s Types of the collection necessitated its removal from the large and ornate cabinet in which it was then contained, it has fortu- nately remained intact and separate from the main collections of the Museum. With regard to the identification-labels relating to these historical specimens, an attempt has been made to determine, by the character of the handwriting itself, whether Fabricius was the author of all or any of them. Through the good oftices of Mr. J. H. Durrant I have been able to examine the caligraphy of two holograph letters written by Fabricius in Paris in 1805. Although both were produced in the same year, there is a considerable difference between them in style and even in the formation of letters—a fact which makes it all the more difficult to distinguish Fabricius’s hand from other writing of the same period. At the same time, these labels are in two different styles of writing, at least, and the two styles may even be detected upon the same label. Nevertheless, I think it may be assumed that most, if not all, of the drawer-labels in the Banks Collection are the work of Fabricius himself. The case of the pin-labels in the General Collection is much clearer, as they correspond exactly, both in form and ealigraphy, with the labels attached to certain undoubted Fabrician types of Coleoptera to which Dr. C. J. Gahan has kindly called my attention. I. SPECIMENS IN THE BANKS COLLECTION. The twelve Banksian dragonflies, which nominally repre- sent as many species, are in a fair state of preservation, and, with the exception of those labelled Libellula carolina, Afshna grandis, Agrion virgo, and A. linearis, are the types of species described by Fabricius at various dates. Five of these are the types of nominal species merely, the valid species represented by their types being Libellula [ Neuro- themis | stigmatizans, L. [Lihyothemis| notata, aud Agrion [ Sapho| ciliata, Certain other types referred to by Fabricius as being in the Banksian Collection are not now to be found there, and I am unable to learn anything concerning their fate. The missing insects are Libellula bifasciata (=? Li- bellula lydia, Drury, 3), L. variegata (= Lalpopleura luca, Drury, 2), and dishna vurtegata. As regards the last- named, the British Museum register of accessions expressly mentions Zishna variegata, from Tierra del Fuego, as being in the Banksian Collection at the time of its acquisition by the Museum (1863). In 1887 McLachlan knew of its disappearance, and wrote, “ In order to save disappointment, Odonata in the British Museum. 443 I state that it no longer exists in Mus. Banks, and has probably been long ago destroyed” (Ent. Mo. Mag. xxiv. p- 77). It is unlikely now that the obscurity which surrounds the identity of this species, as well as the history of the type, will ever be cleared up. No fewer than five of the specimens under consideration have obviously incorrect habitats assigned to them in Fa- bricius’s writings. These are Libellula equestris (= Neuro- themis tullia, Drury), L. ferruginata (= Crocothemis servilia, Drury), 4shna grandis (= Aischna cyanea, Miill.), Agrion ciliata (= Sapho ciliata, ¥.), and A. linearis (= Mecistogaster linearis, F.). OF course, lapses of this description were not at all infrequent at a time when little or no importance was attached to the facts of geographical distribution. Below each insect stands a large oblong drawer-label, with a double black border, bearing the name of the genus and species, as well as a reference to the published description. The labels applying to Lebellula stigmatizans, L. oculata, and L. carolina have a portion of the reference printed in—i, e., “ Fab. Entom. p.” in the case of the two first-named, and “Linn. S. N. p.” in the case of the last-named. The only pin-labels of any description are four tickets marked with the British Museum registration number, and five modern-looking tickets bearing the name of the reputed country of origin. Three manuscript genus-labels, dividing the collection into the genera Libellula, Ai’shna, and Agrion, may also be of post-Fabrician date. In considering the specimens seriatim, Fabricius’s original diagnosis of each of the eight types may be usefully quoted, but for our present purposes his more detailed descriptions need not be consulted, and will therefore be omitted. (1) Libellula stigmatizans, F. 92. Type. (= Neurothemis stigmatizans, I., ¢ .) Labels :—“ Libellula stigmatizans Fab. Entom. p. 421, n. 5”’’; square white ticket, ‘ Australia,” printed ; round blue ticket, “ %.” Diagnosis :—* L. flavescens, alis macula apiceque fuscis : stigmate niveo. Habitat in nova Hollandia. Mus, Bank- tanum.”—F., Syst. Ent. p, 421, no. 5 (1775). This specimen and the next were examined by De Selys, and were identified by him as the ? and @ respectively of a single species (Ann. Mus. Civ, Genova, xiv. pp. 292, 293 ; 1879). Although he adopted the name of the g (oculata) as that of the species, the modern rule ee page- 444 Mr. H. Campion on Fubricius’s Types of precedence requires the application to the species of the first name written by Fabricius (stigmatizans). (2) Lrbellula oculata, F. &,juv. Type. (= Neurothemis stigmatizans, F., 3.) Labels :—* Libellula oculata Fab. Entom. p. 421, n. 67; square white ticket, ‘ Australia,” printed; round blue tickel, #2 Diagnosis :—* I. flavescens, alis anticis apice, posticis margine aqueis: stigmate niveo. Habitat in nova Hollandia. Mus. Bankianum.”?—F., Syst. Ent. p. 421, no. 6 (1775). Fabricius’s additional words, ‘ Praecedenti [ LZ. stagmatizans } nimis affinis, cujus forte mera varietas,” are worthy of note. See also the remarks under (1) Z. stigmatizans, above. (3) Libellula indica, F. ¢. Type. (= Rhyothemis variegata, Linn.) Label :— Libellula indica Fabr. Sp. Ins. No. 8.” Diagnosis :—‘ L. alis flavo fuscoque variis apice albis, posticis macula baseos cyanea. Libellula Arria. Drury Ins. 2. tab. 46. fig. 1. Habitat in Coromandel. Mus. Dom. Banks.” —F., Spec. Ins. i. p. 521, no. 8 (1781). The most noticeable difference between Rhyothemis varie- gata variegata and Rh. variegata arria, the Indian and Chinese forms of this variable species, is one of size, and in this respect our type undoubtedly belongs to the smaller Indian form, the abdomen measuring 20°5 mm. and the hind wing 30°5 mm. (4) Libellula notata, F. Type. (= Rhyothemis notata, F .) Labels :—“ Libellula notata Fabr. Mss. Ins. n. 19”; oblong white ticket, ‘* Sierra Leone,” written. Diagnosis:—“ Li. alis planis nigris: maculis apiceque albis. Habitat in Sierra Leon Africee Mus. Dom, Banks.”— F., Mant. Ins. 1. p. 337, no. 19 (1787). This type is a normal specimen of the West-A frican species figured and described by Ris as the true notata of Fabricius (Coll. Selys, Libell., fasc. xv. p. 959, pl. vii.; 1913). The abdomen is missing, and the sex has not been definitely determined, although the wing-pattern rather indicates a male. The hind wing measures 26 mm. Or es eee SS Se Odonata in the British Mlusewn. 445 5) Libellula equestris, F. @. Type. qg yp (= Neurothemis tullia, Drury.) Labels :— Libellula equestris Fabr. Sp. Ins. No. 20”; square white ticket, ‘ Africa,” written. Diagnosis :— L. alis dimidiato nigris, fascia media nivea. Habitat in Africa equinoctiali. Mus. Dom. Banks.’—F., Spec. Ins. 1. p. 523, no. 20 (1781). This insect agrees very well with Drury’s figure of his Inbellula tullia, adult 3, from Bombay (Ill. Ex. Ent. ii. pl. xlvi. fig. 3; 1773). That figure, however, fails to show the transverse white band in the wings, and is also a little larger than Fabricius’s type, the hind wing measuring 22 mm., as compared with 21 mm. In our type the last antenodal is continuous in both fore wings. The reference to Africa is, of course, a mistake, as the genus Neurothemis is entirely unknown from that continent. (6) Libellula marginata, F. g. Type. (= Palpopleura lueia, Drury.) Labels :—* Libellula marginata Fabr. Sp. Ins. No. 24”; square white ticket, ‘‘ Africa,” written; round blue ticket, 66 63 7? abe: Diagnosis :— L. alis nigris, anticis macula apicis, posticis margine albis. Habitat in Africa equinoctiali. Jus. Dom. Banks.’ —¥., Spec. Ins. i. p. 523, no. 24 (1781). Comparing this specimen with the plate of coloured figures of Palpopleura lucia in Ris’s monograph of the Libellulinge (Coll. Selys, Libell., fasc. ix. pl. i.), we find that the pattern of the fore wing is intermediate between the first and second of those figures, while that of the hind wing is something between the second and third figures. (7) Libellula ferruginata,F. . Type. (= Crocothemis servilia, Drury.) Label :—“ Libellula ferruginata Fabr. Sp. Ins. No. 11.” The specific name was written originally ‘ ferruginea,” and was altered subsequently to ‘ ferruginata.”’ Diagnosis :—* L. alis basi flavescentibus, corpore obscure ferrugineo. Habitatad Cap. Bon. Spei. Mus. Vom. Banks.” —F., Spec. Ins. i. p. 521, no. 11 (1781). L. ferruginata, F’., has been erroneously identified with the common African species Crocothemis erythrea, Brullé, because the Cape of Good Hope was stated to be its habitat. This 446 Mr. H. Campion on Fubrictus’s Types of locality, however, is manifestly a wrong one, as Fabricius’s type clearly belongs to the Asiatic form Crocéthemis servilia, Drury, 1773. This is shown by the abdomen, which is parallel-sided and devoid of mid-dorsal black spots, and by the wings, which are narrow and rather smoky at the tips. The abdomen measures 27°5 mm. and the hind wing 34 mm. There are 113 antenodals in each fore wing. Drury’s figure of Libellula servilia, from China (Ill. Ex. Ent. i. pl. xlvii. fiz. 6; 1770), agrees fairly well with the type of Z. ferrugt- nata, the main points of difference being that the abdomen is too long and that the coloured area at the base of the fore wings is too large. In 1793 (Ent. Syst. ii. p. 380) Fa- bricius treated his L. ferruginata, as wellas L. servilia, Drury, as synonyms of his L. ferruginea. In the original deserip- tion of L. ferruginea, 1775, the habitat was given as ‘“‘ America,” but in 1793 the habitat was changed to “ China.” (8) Libellula carolina, Linn. 6. (=Tramea virginia, Ramb.) Label :—* Libellula carolina Linn. 8. N. p. 504. n. 17.” ‘Lhe base of the abdomen is in poor condition, the contents having apparently been eaten out by mites, and the hamules have disappeared. Nevertheless, the character of the basal spot in the hind wing is sufficient to show that the insect is not the North-American Z’ramea carolina, Linn., but the Chinese species now known as Zramea virginia, Ramb. This Chinese species is usually referred to as Yramea chi- nensis, De Geer, but, as a case of homonymy is involved, Dr. Ris (Coll. Selys, Libell. fasc. xvi. (1) p. 978; 1913) has recently restored to it Rambur’s name of virginia. Re- examination of Rambur’s type has revealed its Asiatic origin, notwithstanding that authov’s erroneous citation of its habitat as “ Amérique septentrionale” (Ins. Névr. p. 345 1842). (9) Aishna grandis, Linn. 6. (= dischna cyanea, Miill.) Label: —“ ZEshna Grandis Fabr. Sp. Ins. No. 2.” lieference :—“ A, thorace lineis qutfatuor flavis, corpore variegato. Habitat et in Insulis Sandwichii Mus. Dom. Banks.”—F., Mant. Ins. i. p. 339, no. 2 (1787). In this passage, which is quoted in ewtenso, Fabricius proposes to extend the distribution of 4. grandis, as given in his earlier writings, so as to include the Sandwich Islands. The locality is not repeated in Fabricius’s list of 1793, and ae Odonata in the British Museum. 447 is, of course, entirely erroneous. The insect is, in fact,a ¢ of the common European species Aischna cyanea, Miill., which was not recognized as a distinct species until 1764. It seems to have been confused by many of the older entomo- logists with 4. juncea, Linn., or even, as in the present case, with 44, grandis, Linn. (10) Agrion ciliata, F. 9. Type. (=Sapho ciliata, ¥ .) Labels :—“ Agrion ciliata Fabr. Sp. Ins. No. 3”; round blue ticket, “69.” Diagnosis :—* A. viridi eenea, abdomine fusco, pedibus ciliatis nigris. Habitat in Coromandel. Jus. Dom. Banks.” —F., Spec. Ins. i. p. 528, no. 3 (1781). Concerning this specimen De Selys wrote thus:—“J’ai reconnu notre espece dans Vexemplaire type de lV Agrion ciliatus male, de Fabricius, qui existe encore heureusement dans la collection de Joseph Bancks, déposée & la Société Linnéenne de Londres. Dans ses ouvrages, Fabricius in- dique par erreur Coromandel comme la patrie du ciliatus, mais j'ai examiné avec soin |’exemplaire type sous le rapport de la réticulation, et je me suis assuré qu’elle est en tout con- forme a celle des individus de Sterra Léone”’ (Monogr. Calopt. p. 60, 1854). Fabricius’s type, however, is not a male, as stated by De Selys, but a small example of the female sex. The abdomen is 41 mm. in length and the hind wing 37 mm. (11) Agrion virgo, Linn. 6. (= Calopteryx splendens, Harr.) Label :—“ Agrion Virgo Fabr. Sp. Ins. p. 526. n. 1.” This is the common European species Calopteryx splendens, Harr., which was regarded by Linnzeus as merely a form of C. virgo. Fabricius apparently adopted the same view, and never recognized Harris’s action in 1782 in separating the two forms specifically. (12) Agrion hnearis, F. ¢@. (= Mecistogaster linearis, F .) Label :—‘‘ Agrion Linearis Fabr. Sp. Ins. No. 5.” This specimen is not the type, the species having been described in 1776 from material in the possession of Dr. Fother- gill. The type cannot now be traced, and in its absence it is impossible to say precisely what Fabricius’s species may be. 448 Mr. H. Campion on Fabricius’s Types of In 1781 he identified it with Mectstogaster lucretia, Drury, and some colour is lent to this identification by the fact that both species were described from Fothergill’s collection. Drury stated that his lucretia came from the Cape of Good Hope, while Fabricius gave India as the habitat of his linearis; but, of course, IJecistogaster is exclusively a Neo- tropical genus. Whatever may be the identity of the Fabrician type, the species in the Banks Collection is quite distinct from that figured by Drury. The specimen before us was examined by De Selys, and referred by him to the species which he described as J/. linearis, F. (Bull. Acad. Belg. (2) x. p. 22, 1860). A note appended to that descrip- tion may be usefully quoted here:—“ L’exemplaire de la collection Banks & Londres, qui passe pour avoir été étiqueté par Fabricius, est un male de cette espéce, 4 ptérostigma brun (semi-adulte). Les figures de Drury et de Sulzer, citées & Pappui dans |’ Lntomologia systematica, sont au con- traire la lucretia. Quant A la description de Fabricius, elle peut s’appliquer aux deux especes. Si l’on devait prendre le linearis de Fabricius pour synonyme de lucretia (nom plus ancien), il faudrait adopter pour notre espéce linearis le nom de tullia, de Burmeister.” II. SPECIMENS IN THE GENERAL COLLECTION OF THE British MusEuUM. In 1793 (Ent. Syst. ii.) Fabricius referred to three dragonflies in the British Museum Collection. These were Libellula trimaculata, De Geer (=L. lydia, Drury), p. 374, no. 2; J. sinuata (=Falpopleura lucia, Drury), p. 378, no. 17; and L. vibrans, p. 380, no. 30.. The first is involved in much obscurity, and the second has not been traced at all, but LZ. vibrans has been identified with certainty. Unlike the Banksian insects, the two Fabrician specimens now in the General Collection carry a plain buff pin-label, with the two upper corners cut off, and bearing the name of the species in Fabricius’s handwriting, (1) Libellula lata, F. 9. (=L, lydia, Drury, ?.) Label :— Libellula lata Fab.”’ Apparently this name was never published, and the only reference to 1t which I can find is one contained in an inter- Jeaved and annotated copy of Linneus’s ‘ Systema Nature’ (ed. xii.). This book is preserved in the British Museum y CA ate et a? ey a PLLA RED LIT # LV egxaee Sie ay Sala 7+ e Odonata tn the British Museum. 449 (Natural History), but the authorship and date of the supple- mentary descriptions with which it abounds are unknown tome. Several manuscript additions to the genus Libellula have been made, and among them is the following :— “lata. LIB. alis planis hyalinis fascia maculaque baseos nigro- fusca, abdomine carinato glauco. Mser.* Hab, in Pensylvania, Marylandia, Carolina.” These words, however, while agreeing sufficiently well with the male of LZ. lydia, do not apply to the Fabrician specimen, which is a female of that species. There seems to be some reason for believing that Libellula bifasciata, }., usually identified with L. pulchella, Drury, may be, in reality, the 9 of ZL. lydia, Drury. The last- named insect is very different in its wing-markings from its corresponding ¢, which is undoubtedly the ZL. trimaculata of De Geer and Fabricius, but is very like Z. pulchella, and especially the 2 of that species. It is true that in 1793 Fabricius identified his L. bifasctata, 1775, both with Drury’s figure of L. pulchella and also with Petiver’s figure (Gazo- phylacium, i. pl. xv. fig. 2) of what is clearly intended for Li. lydia, 3. ‘Whis is, however, evidently a case of confusion, due to the similar appearance of the two insects, and the difference in size was overlooked. But it isa very significant fact that Fabricius compares both difasciata and trimaculata, in respect of build and size, with Z. depressa, Linn., and it may be more natural to look upon them as the ? and @, respectively, of the same species, LZ. lydia, than to regard bifasciata as LL, pulchella, which is decidedly larger than L. depressa, and trimaculata as L. lydia, 8, which is rather smaller than L. depressa. The fact that the specimen under consideration undoubtedly belongs to trtmaculata, and is the only one of the kind in the British Museum which possesses any label in Fabricius’s handwriting, would lead one to suppose that it is really the type of his description of that species. But this view of the matter seems to be negatived, both by the description itself, and by the two figures (De Geer, Mém. Ins. iii. pl. xxvi. fig. 2, and Petiver, Gazoph. 1. pl. xv. fig. 1) cited in illustra- tion of it, all of which apply to the male sex alone. (2) Libellula vibrans, F. 9. Type. Labels :—“ Libellula vibrans Fab.” ; “ Georgia.” Diagnosis :—* L. alis planis albis: macula media atra 450 Mr. O. Thomas on apicibusque ferrugineis. Habitat — — Mus. Britann.’”—F Ent. Syst. ii. p. 380, no. 30 (1793). Although Fabricius did not indicate any locality for this type, it nevertheless carries a small round label inscribed “Georgia.” The fact that the written surface of the label had been placed in direct contact with the pectus of the dragonfly no doubt led to its being overlooked. The specimen is in an unusually good state of preservation, and the measure- ments are as follows:—Abdomen 39°5 mm., hind wing 49 mm., pterostigma 7 mm. In the fore wings the triangles are 3-celled, the subtriangles are 6-celled, and the antenodals number from 163 to 18. At the base of each wing a dark line in the subcostal space reaches nearly to the third antenodal, The nodal spot on all wings is small, and no markings of any kind lie between that spot and the pterostigma. The brown apical cloud on all wings is small, not reaching inwards much beyond the distal end of the pterostigma. =| XLIII.—A new Vole from Palestine. By OLDFIELD ‘'HOMAS. (Published by permission of the Trustees of the British Museum.) In 1913 the British Museum received as a donation from Mr. N. Charles Rothschild six voles from Ekron, south-east of Jaffa, and these were provisionally put down as Mierotus syriacus, Brants. Inquiry was, however, made of Prof. Matschie as to certain details of the type of that species, and with the help of his account I am now able to recognize that the Ekron vole is distinct and should be described as new. Microtus philistinus, sp. n. Like I. lydius, Blackler, but bulle larger. Size and general colour above quite as in M. lydius, the back sandy brown, rather more buffy than Ridgway’s “ buffy brown.” Sides more buffy, but not so strongly as in lydius. Under surface washed with buffy, more so than in dydius, in which the ends of the hairs are greyish white, less so than in guenthert. Hands and feet buffy fawn. ‘Tail as long as in lydius, longer than in guentheri ; its upper surface terminally uistinctly blackened, which is not the case in dydius ; its lower surface pale buffy—white in lydius. a new Vole from Palestine. 451 Skull and teeth like those of If, lydius, with the important exception that the bulle, although unusually variable in size, are conspicuously larger in most specimens and slightly larger in all. Height from crown to molars markedly less than in MW. hartingi. Dimensions of the type :— Head and body 125 mm. ; tail 33; hind foot 20. Skull: condylo-incisive length 29°7; zygomatic breadth 16°5 ; nasals 8°2 x 3-9; length of brain-case from postorbital angle backwards 13°6 ; palatilar length 14°8; diastema 9 ; palatal foramina 5°5; length of bulla from front of par- occipital process in a straight line forwards 8°53; upper molar series (crowns) 6°9. Hab. Ekron, 8.E. of Jaffa, Palestine. Type. Adult male. B.M. no. 14.1.16.1. Collected 1st December, 1913, by T. Aharoni. Presented by the Hon. N.C. Rothschild. Six specimens. From MM. guenther’, Danf. & Alst., this species is distin- guished by its longer tail, and from J/. lydius by the various characters above enumerated, notably by its larger bulle. With regard to the two voles from Palestine described long ago by Brants & Wagner, “ Hypudeus syriacus” and “ Hypudeus cinerascens,” the latter is soon disposed of, as it is clearly a hamster (Cricetulus), and not a vole at all. Mr. Aharoni has sent examples from Jaffa agreeing with the description in every detail. Microtus syriacus, from the Lebanon (fide Matschie), is said to be a greyish, not a sandy-brown, species, and the accounts of the type sent me by Prof. Matschie show it to have been smaller than J. philistinus (upper tooth-row 5'7 mm., diastema 6°9), and to have been apparently of a different group of voles. For he says of the-teeth that m, has only seven spaces, with four projecting angles on its outer side, numbers never found in the present group, in which nine spaces and five outer angles always occur. Whether J/. syriacus may prove to be a young Chiono- mys or some totally different form of vole, still remains to be seen. Both Brants and Matschie have been struck by the unusual length of its whiskers, the longest of which measures 36°5 mm. Those of JL. philistinus are of quite moderate length. IL have provisionally used a binomial for the Ekron vole, but think it probable that it may grade into JZ. lydius and guenther?, the latter the earliest described of the group. 452 Mr. O. Thomas on the small Hamsters XLIV.—On the small Hamsters that have been referred to Cricetulus phaus and campbelli. By Oxpriutp THOMAS. (Published by permission of the Trustees of the British Museum.) Tue small unstriped Hamsters with naked soles, which occur over an area ranging from the Crimea, Asia Minor, and Palestine on the west to the Altai, Kashghar, and Ladak on the east, have all been either referred to one species, called pheus, or occasionally split up into several on size, a character that proves most illusory. Both their nomenclature and characters still remain in much confusion. Firstly, I regret to say that the name pheus does not stand for any of them, as it is antedated by an earlier term In 1773* Pallas described, of this group, the species migratorius (type-locality: R. Ural, S.W. of Orenburg), sungorust (R. Irtish, Siberia), arenarius (Irtish), and barabensis (Irtish), the first and fourth of which he changed in the ‘Glires’ ¢ to aecedula and furunculus, while he added to. them pheus (type-locality: Lower Volga, near Sarepta). By a curious fatality, not unusual in nomenclature, this name, the latest of all, got complete dominance over the others, and has been universally used to the present time. No doubt the wide utilization of Pallas’s well-known ‘ Glires’ was the cause of the mistakes involved. Putting aside sungorus and barabensis (furunculus) as not of the “pheus’’ group, we may first accept without hesi- tation Dr. Satunin’s opinion § that accedula (i. e. migra- torius) is the same as pheus, both being from the same region of Southern Russia. This acceptance, however, involves the use of the senior name, migratorius, and the consequent disappearance of pheus. Dr. Satunin also considers arenarius, from the Irtish, as the same species. On laying out the whole Museum series assigned to “ »heus,’ rather more than 80 in number, I find that while the Central Asiatic forms are, as a general rule, larger, with larger teeth and longer hair than those from the west, yet that both skull and teeth vary in series of each form to such an extent as to overlap each other. 1 therefore provisionally * Reise, ii. pp. 703-704 (1773). + Sungorus cannot be treated as a misprint for songarus, as has commonly been done, for it not only occurs both in text and plate, but is also used in the same form for another animal on p. 730. t P. 86 (1779). § Mittheil. Kaukas, Mus. ii. p. 840 (1906). _—_—— ee . TT reyerred to Cricetulus pheeus and campbelli. 453 combine them all (except a set from Ladak) as one species, which, as shown above, should bear the name migra- torius. The status of the Grecian form, Cricedulus atticus, and that of Palestine, to which the name cinerascens* applies, I do not propose at present to discuss, but I confess I doubt very much if either of them deserves specific distinction from C. migratorius. Putting aside these, the subspecies of C. migratorius which may be recognized appear to be as follows :— C. migratorius migratorius, Pall. Synn. accedula, Pall., pheus, Pall., eversmanni, Brandt. Type-locality. R. Ural. Range. S. Russia, Caucasus region, Transcaspia, Persia, and Asia Minor south of the coastal forest-region of the north-east. Size comparatively small ; skull about 27 mm. in length, its upper tooth-row 4 mm., the teeth themselves narrow and light. Fur short, hairs of back about 9 mm. in length. Colour above pale grey, generally with indistinct median darker dorsal shading. Hairs of under surface with grey bases, except that they are wholly white on an area on the throat, which extends in a median point down to between the fore legs. C. migratorius vernula, subsp. n. Type-locality. Khotz, near Trebizond. Range no doubt all the forest coastal strip along the south-east corner of the Black Sea. Size averaging slightly larger than in true migratorius. Fur of back 8-9 mm, in length. Colour darker through- out, the upper surface near “ mouse-grey,” the median dark dorsal area faintly evident. Hairs of under surface with a shorter length of white above the slaty, and the white itself not so pure, but faintly suffused with buffy ; white throat-area less extended towards the chest, ending about halfway towards the fore limbs. Ears with proectote markedly blackish. Tail distinctly darker above, at least for its basal half. _ Dimensions of type :— Head and body 115 mm.; tail 32; hind foot 17; ear 17°5. Skull: greatest length 28:2 ; condylo-incisive length 26 ; palatal foramina 5; upper molar series 42. * Hypudeus cinerascens, Wagn. Wiegm. Arch, 1848, p. 184. 454 Mr. O. Thomas on the small Hamsters Type. Adult female. B.M. no. 6.5.1.83. Original number 2443. Collected 25th February, 1906, by A. Robert. Presented by Oldfield Thomas. Seven skins and six speci- mens in spirit. A darker and more saturate race of C. migratorius, a variation which occurs in other forms from the same district. Its range eastwards into Trans-Caucasia remains to be worked out, but a specimen in spirit from the Talysch Mts. appears to be very similar to it. ‘To the south, a specimen from “60 miles north of Erzeroum” (Woosnam) would also seem to be referable to the same species. C. migratorius arenarius, Pall. Type-locality. Baraba Steppes, Lower Irtish, Siberia. Southwards to Lake Balkhash. Under surface wholly white, the hairs white to their bases. A spirit-specimen from Mt. Bek Dauata, north of Lake Balkhash (W. Bateson), has head and body 94 mm., tail 26, hind foot 15. Its skull measures 28°5 mm. in total length, its tooth-row 4°2 mm. The Museum only contains the above-mentioned spirit- specimen, whose agreement with Pallas’s description as to the whiteness of the under surface leads me to assign it to the true arenarius, and to consider the next form, of which we have a large number of specimens, as distinct. C. migratorius griseiventris, Sat. Type-locality. R. Bis-shen-gol, Altain-nuru, Gobi Altai. Range. Central Asia. Samarkand and eastwards along the Thian Shan, filling up the area between the ranges of arenarius and fulvus. Size averaging larger and teeth heavier than in the western forms. Fur longer—hairs of back 10 mm. or more. General colour above pale grey, more or less strongly suffused with buffy or fulvous. Under surface with the hairs snowy white to the bases on throat and inguinal region, but broadly slaty at base on the belly. A male from Djarkent measures:—Head and _ body 120 mm.; tail 27; hind foot 16. Skull: greatest length 30; upper tooth-row 4°5. Of this form the Museum possesses a fine series from Djarkent, collected by W. Riickbeil, besides specimens from Samarkand, Dzungaria, Hami and elsewhere in the Carruthers collection. It differs from C. m. arenarius by the presence of broad slaty Lases on the belly hairs. referred to Cricetulus pheus and campbelli. 455 C. migratorius fulvus, Blanf. Type-locality. Kashgar. Range between 35° and 41° N., 74° and 80° E., so far as our specimens show, but probably extending considerably further, especially towards the east. Like C. m. griseiventris in all respects except that the general colour is a little paler; the white of the under surface passes higher up on the sides, and is less modified by slaty bases, which are only present, and then very incon- spicuously, on the centre of the belly. Mr. Holmes-Tarn collected some specimens of this beauti- ful little Hamster on the Karakash River, Chinese Turkestan, and Mr. Carruthers an example on the north side of the Karakoram Mts. The original specimens were obtained during the Yarkand Mission, and the type is in Calcutta. Subspecies fulvus and griseiventris are no doubt very closely allied, but may apparently be distinguished by the darker colour and greater amount of slaty on the belly of the latter. In the nearly or quite pure white belly fulvus agrees with the typical arenarius of much further north, though the two appear to be separated by the range of griseiventris. Speci- mens from many further localities will be needed before the exact relations of the three can be determined. Although I provisionally accept Dr. Satunin’s view as to the Central Asian Hamsters belonging to the same species as C. mgratoris, | think it not improbable that they really ought to be divided into two species—a small-toothed one, of which migratorius and vernula, and perhaps arenarius, would be subspecies ; and a large-toothed Asiatic one, con- sisting of the subspecies fulvus and griseiventris. But the following animal must in any case be distin- guished as a species :— Cricetulus alticola, sp. nu. General cliaracters and colour above about as in C. m. fulvus, but the hairs of the under surface broadly slaty at base, even on chest and throat, those of the chin being alone white to their roots. Kars grey, not darkened on the pro- ectote. Tail heavily haired, wholly white. Skull distinguished from that of all forms of C. migra- torius by its conspicuously smaller bull, small both verti- cally and horizontally, Palatal foramina comparatively long, parallel-sided, 456 Mr. O. Thomas on small Hamsters, Dimensions of type (measured in the flesh) :— Head and body 98 mm.; tail 31 ; hind foot 15°5; ear 15. Skull: greatest length 27; condylo-incisive length 24; palatilar length 11°3; palatal foramina 5°5; breadth of bulla at right angles to its greatest diameter 3°3; upper tooth-row 3°9. Hab. Ladak. Type from Shushal, 13,500’ ; other speci- mens from Durgu Vil and Khardong (Crump), and Teza, Upper Sutlej Valley (Whitehead). Type. Adult male. B.M. no. 6.10.3.13. Original number 115. Collected 29th June, 1906, by C. M. Crump, and presented to the National Museum by Col. Ward. Four specimens in all, This Hamster has a quite extraordinary resemblance to the pale-coloured Voles of the genus Alticola (e. g., A. stracheyi, cricetulus, or phasma), with which it agrees in proportions, length and colour of fur, and external appear- ance generally ; it even has, unlike C. mégratorius, their slaty- based throat-hairs. In fact, the only points that show it is not a Vole are the shorter and more “ pudsy ” feet and the finely-haired untufted ears—neither of which affect the general appearance. C.m. fulvus is also very like Alticola phasma above, but the resemblance is spoilt below by the nearly wholly white under surface. This Ladak Hamster is probably most nearly allied to the Tibetan C. lama, B.-Ham., but is considerably smaller and has a shorter tail. With regard to the systematic arrangement of the small Hamsters, I agree with Mr. Miller as to the advisability of generically separating my Cricetulus bedfordie from the others (genus Phodopus, Miller), and would, indeed, go further by also distinguishing the species sungorus and campbelli, which have an intermediate condition, both of foot-structure and dentition. The new genus might be called :— CRICETISCUS, g. 0. Soles densely hairy, the three posterior of the six normal pads completely suppressed, and the three distal ones very small, hidden in the hair. Teeth neither so complicated as those of Cricetulus, in which there is a broad notch, and commonly a deep pit, between the outer and inner main cusps of each lamina, nor so simplified as those of Phodopus, in which the notch is reduced and the pit is absent. Genotype: C. camphelli. (Cricetulus campbelli, Thos.) On new Pyralids of the Subfamily Hydrocampina. 457 Other species: C. sungorus. (Mus sungorus, Pall.) Although C. sungorus was known so much the earlier, it is only represented in the material available to me by a single dried skin, in which the characters are not very clearly dis- cernible, With both skins, skulls, and a spirit-specimen of C. campbelli for examination, I therefore think it advisable to make that species the genotype. The position of Satunin’s Cricetulus roborovskii is not clear, as his expression “ Die Sohlen sind dicht mit weissem Haar bekleidet” is applicable either to a Phodopus or a Cricetiscus. XLV.—Descriptions of New Pyralide of the Subfamilies Hydrocampine, Scopariane, &c. By Sir Gerorer F. Hampson, Bart., F.Z.S., &c. (Continued from p, 376.] (12) Cataclysta nyasalis, sp. n. Head, thorax, and abdomen white mixed with dark brown witha cupreous gloss; antennz brown ringed with white; palpi white, black-brown above; fore and hind femora and tibiz black-brown above; claspers of male yellowish. Fore wing with the base white, brown at costa; an inwardly oblique orange-yellow antemedial band from cell to inner margin, defined by brown lines and with white beyond the outer line; the medial area white very thickly irrorated with dark cupreous brown ; postmedial line white, slightly incurved below vein 3 and ending at tornus, an orange-yellow band beyond it from below costa to vein 3; the terminal area brown with a white line from costa before apex to termen at vein 4, an orange- yellow band beyond it on termen from apex to discal fold ; cilia dark brown with some white at tips. Hind wing white, very thickly irrorated with dark cupreous brown from near base to the subterminal line, which is black-brown defined on each side by white, slightly incurved below vein 2; five partly conjoined ocellate black spots on termen from below apex to above tornus, with metallic silvery points between them, the anal spot larger with the silvery point in its centre, some orange-yellow points beyond them on termen; cilia cupreous brown at base, white slightly tinged with brown at tips. Hab. Br. C. Arrica, Mt. Mlanje (Neave), 3 3, 1 Q type. Exp. 10 mm. Ann, & Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 8. Vol. xix, 30 +458 Sir G. F. Hampson on new (2a) Cataclysta atriterminalis, sp. n. 2. Head, thorax, and abdomen pale ochreous mixed with some silvery white; palpi with the 8rd joint brownish ; pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen white. Fore wing ‘white, the costal area brownish ochreous ; an inwardly obiique orange-yellow ante- medial band from discal fold to inner margin, defined by brownish lines : a short orange-yellow fascia beyond the cell; brownish sub- terminal spots at veins 6 and 2 and above tornus. Hind win white; an oblique orange-yellow medial band edged by brownish lines, the yellow extending on inner margin to near tornus; the terminal area broadly black with some whitish scales and some orange scales on termen. Hab, Cevepes, Saugir I. (Doherty), 1 2 type. Hap. 10 mm. (47 a) Cataclysta obliquifaseia, sp. n. 2. Head and thorax fulvous yellow mixed with grey-brown ; xbdomen brownish white, dorsally tinged with ochreous yellow except towards base and with dark brown segmental lines ; antenne dark brown except at base; palpi yellowish, the 3rd joint dark brown ; pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen white tinged with brown, the fore femora towards extremities, the tibize and. tarsi dark brown, the tibiz banded with yellowish, the mid tibize with dark brown stripe above, the tarsi ringed with dark brown. Fore wing fulvous yellow ; small subbasal and antemedial brown spots on costa and slight brown marks on inner margin before and at middle; an obliquely curved reddish-brown fascia from costa before apex to middle of discocellular, with a whitish fascia below it; an oblique rather diffused reddish-brown line from before termen at discal fold to inner margin before tornus, with some whitish beyond it; a fulvous-yellow terminal band defined on inner side by a reddish-brown line; cilia white at base, brown at tips. Hind wing golden yellow, the costal area to below the cell and to beyond middle white ; an oblique dark brown medial band from cell to inner margin, and a rather diffused oblique postmedial line from vein 4 to inner margin; an incurved subterminal brown line from costa to discal fold; a series of small black-brown spots before termen -trom below apex to vein 2, some metallic silver beyond them on termen ; cilia yellow at base, with black line at middle, the tips white tinged with brown. Hab, Brazit, Pernambuco (Swale), 192 type. xp. 16 mm. (51) Cataclysta chionostola, sp. n. 2. Head and thorax white slightly tinged with rufous; abdo- men white ; antennze brownish except towards base; pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen white, the fore legs slightly tinged with rufous and the tibie with black-brown streak below. Fore Sina) Yaxeait a y Pyralide of the Subfamily Hydrocampine. 459 wing silvery white; two cupreous-brown points at base; ante- medial line cupreous brown, oblique to above vein 1, then inwardly oblique, a patch of pale yellow before it below the cell; a very oblique cupreous-brown line from middle of costa to below sub- median fold well beyond middle, then recurved to inner margin, an oblique striga beyond it in end of cell and another beyond the cell, with a yellowish tinge between them ; a triangular postmedial patch of the ground-colour from costa to below vein 4, defined at sides by yellow-brown lines ; two cupreous-brown subterminal lines with a yellowish tinge between them, from just below costa to just above inner margin, incurved below vein 3; a cupreous-brown line before termen. Hind wing silvery white; a faint yellow and brown tinge in and below middle of cell; a straight oblique cupreous-brown medial line ; postmedial line cupreous brown, in- curved between veins 6 and 2; two cupreous-brown subterminal lines with a yellowish tinge between them, the inner line slightly incurved between veins 6 and 2, the outer angled outwards at vein 6, then slightly waved and joining the inner line at submedian fold ; a cupreous-brown subapical striga and a line before termen from the angle of the outer subtermina! line to vein 2. Hab. Pert, Rio Pacaya, 1 2 type. Exp. 18 mm. (4a) Ambia chrysogramma, sp. 0. Head, thorax, and abdomen white, the last slightly tinged with brown on dorsum ; antenne with an ochreous tinge. Fore wing silvery white, the costa tinged with orange-yellow towards base; a small tuft of rufous scales below middle of costa with the orange- yellow antemedial and medial lines arising below it and rather diverging towards inner margin; a conical postmedial patch defined by orange-yellow from costa-to vein 5, with a brown point on the line defining its outer side at costa; an orange-yellow sub- terminal line, excurved to submedian fold, where it is angled in- wards, a fine yellow-brown line beyond it, incurved below vein 2, the terminal area tinged with yellow. Hind wing silvery white; a small orange-yellow discoidal spot; an orange-yellow postmedial line, excurved to vein 4, then bent inwards to origin of vein 2 and oblique to inner margin; an orange-yellow subterminal line, ex- curved to vein 2, then incurved, a fine yellow-brown line beyond it; the terminal area tinged with yellow. Hab. Samoa Is., Pago (de la Garde), 13,1 2 type. Exp. 12 mm. (9b) Ambia cymophoralis, sp. n. 3. Head white, the antenne tinged with ochreous, the palpi yellow behind ; thorax and abdomen white, the tegule with sub- dorsal orange-yellow stripes, the patagia orange-yellow above and the dorsum of thorax orange-yellow except the metathorax, the abdomen banded with orange-yellow; pectus, legs, and ventral s 30* 460 Sir G. F. Hampson on new surface of abdomen white, the fore femora above and tibiz on inner side yellowish with some black at the femoro-tibial joint. Fore wing orange-yellow with a fulvous tinge; some white at base in and below the cell; an erect silvery-white subbasal band ; a silvery- white band just before middle, defined on each side by dark brown below the cell, excurved below the costa and above inner margin and emitting a spur at diseal fold to the white discoidal lunule defined by black except above; the medial part of costa white; a silvery-white wedge-shaped mark in discal fold before the post- medial band, which is silvery white defined on each side by dark brown, incurved below costa, then excurved to vein 3, below which it is angled inwards, then erect with its outer edge excurved at submedian fold; a silvery-white subterminal band from costa to vein 1, defined on each side by dark brown, strongly on outer side, its extremities at costa and above vein 1 dilated into spots, ex- curved between those points ; cilia white, chequered with brown at apex and with orange-yellow at middle and tornus. Hind wing orange-yellow with a slight fulvous tinge, the base white ; a silvery- white antemedial band from cell to inner margin connected with a silvery-white patch in end of cell with a black discoidal bar on its outer edge ; a silvery-white postmedial band, excurved and defined on outer side by brown to vein 2, then incurved ; a=silvery-white subterminal band defined on each side by black from costa to vein l, its extremities on costa and above vein 1 expanding into spots, excurved between those points; cilia white, chequered with red- brown towards apex and at middle. Hab. Lovtstave Is., St. Aignan I. (Meek), 3 g type, Rossel I. (Meek), 12. Exp. 16-18 mm. (16a) Ambia rufitincta, sp. n. 2. Head, thorax, and abdomen white suffused with rufous, the last slightly irrorated with dark brown towards base and strongly with black towards extremity ; antenne white tinged with yellow ; palpi white tinged with yellow and with some black above; pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen yellowish white. Fore wing white suffused with rufous and slightly irrorated with brown; a faint inwardly oblique rufous antemedial line; a curved black medial line, rather diffused on inner side and incurved at median nervure ; an oblique slightly curved blackish postmedial line from costa to vein 2 above tornus, defined on outer side by white; a fine brown terminal line from costa to vein 2. Hind wing white suffused with rufous and slightly irrorated with brown except on— inner area ; a patch of diffused black scales in and beyond end of cell; postmedial line black, oblique and defined on outer side by white to vein 4, then obsolete and retracted to beyond lower angle of cell, then curved and rather diffused to inner margin; a fine brown terminal line except toward tornus. Hab. Perv, Cuzco Mts. (Garlepp), 1 2 type. Exp. 14 mm. ———————— ee ee ee. ti‘(C FCO i ee ee Or Pyral.dee of the Subfamily Hydrocampine. 461 (17 a) Ambia hemigrammalis, sp. n. @. Head, thorax, and abdomen white mixed with fulvous yellow and irrorated with some black scales; palpi white banded with black ; pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen white, the fore tibize banded with black. Fore wing white; a subbasal black bar from costa; an antemedial black line from costa to discal fold and some scales at inner margin; a broad oblique orange- yellow shade from below costa before the postmedial line to inner margin before middle, irrorated with some black scales and with black striz on it on each side of the discocellulars ; a strong oblique black postmedial line from costa to discal fold, then an ineurved shade formed by blackish scales with the area beyond it orange- yellow; an orange-yellow bar from costa before apex, then a double eurved black line filled in with silvery white; the terminal area orange-yellow, narrowing to a point below apex; cilia white, black at base at apex and with a black patch between veins 4 and 2. Hind wing white, the basal area irrorated with black and with a black patch at end of cell; the terminal half suffused with orange- yellow and slightly irrorated with brown; a dark brown shade between veins 7 and 2 before the indistinct double dark postmedial line filled in with white; a narrow white band defined by slight dark lines before the termen which is yellow, the band not ex- tending to tornus ; cilia white, dark brown at base from vein 4 to tornus. Hab. Perv, Yungas de'la Paz (Seebold), 192 type. Exp. 12 mm. (176) Ambia wipenioden sp. n. 2. Head, thorax, and abdomen white mixed with dark brown, the prothorax and patagia at middle with brown spots, the abdomen suffused with brown towards extremity, leaving white segmental lines ; palpi and maxillary palpi white banded with black; pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen white, the fore tibix, spurs, and tarsi banded with black. Fore wing white, the basal and terminal areas suffused with brown, the medial area with broad brownish shade; a white subbasal band, defined on inner side by black ; a white antemedial band, defined on each side by black and incurved below submedian fold; two semicircular white marks defined by black on medial part of costa, the first with black point at costa ; a small round black discoidal spot; a postmedial white band defined on each side by black, excurved to vein 5, then in- curved, expanding somewhat at costa; an oblique white streak from apex and a blackish line before termen excurved at middle ; «A a dark terminal line except at the excision at discal fold; cilia - white with some brown at apex and middle. Hind wing white, the terminal area suffused with brown, broadly towards costa and narrowing to tornus; some brown near base; a broad oblique 462 Sir G. F. Hampson on new brown band from discal fold before the small blackish discoidal spot to inner margin before the postmedial line, with a white bar on it at inner margin; postmedial line black defined on outer side by white, ineurved below discal fold, then excurved; a black line before termen; a black terminal line from apex to vein 3 except at the excision at discal fold, and black striz at veins 2 and 1; cilia white with some brown at apex and middle. Hab. Peru, R. Pacaya, 1 2 type. Hap. 14 mm. (226) Ambia fulvicolor, sp. n. ¢. Head, thorax, and abdomen yellow suffused with fulvous, the last with subdorsal white segmental bands ; frons and 8rd joint of palpi white; pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen white tinged with fulvous. Fore wing yellow suffused with fulvous ; an oblique subbasal silvery-white band from cell to inner margin, with some red-brown before it; some dark brown on costa before the antemedial silvery-white band, which is interrupted in the cell, oblique towards costa and below the cell and defined by red-brown ; the cell suffused with red-brown except towards base ; a fulvous lunule at end of cell defined by dark brown and with some white beyond it; the fovea above end of cell white defined by dark brown and with a silvery-white point above it on costa; some dark brown on costa before an oblique silvery-white postmedial band from costa - to vein 4 and a triangular mark from vein 2 to inner margin, both defined on outer side by the dark brown postmedial line which is angled inwards at vein 2, the costa beyond it dark brown; a slightly sinuous dark brown subterminal line with a series of small silvery-white spots before it from below costa to inner margin, the hair on which is dark brown below it; cilia white mixed with some yellow and chequered with dark brown below apex and at veins 4, 3, 2. Hind wing yellow suffused with fulvous along median ner- vure and on terminal area, the base white; an oblique silvery- white antemedial band defined. by dark red-brown; a fulvous discoidal spot defined by dark red-brown; postmedial line dark ‘brown defined on inner side by a silvery-white band, slightly in- curved below vein 4; a sinuous dark brown subterminal line defined on inner side by silvery-white spots, small to vein 5, then interrupted to just above vein 3, larger and more diffused below vein 3; cilia white mixed with some yellow, chequered with dark brown at apex and between veins 5 and 2. Hab. Br. N. Guinea, Kumusi R. (Meek), 1 g type. Hap. 18 nm. (236) Ambia albiflavalis, sp. n. ¢. Head, thorax, and abdomen white tinged with yellowish ; antenn ochreous; frons yellow; palpi yellow with the 3rd joint white; pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen white. Fore ee | a ia) se ee — Pyralide of the Subfamily Hydrocampine. 463 wing silvery white; the base orange-yellow with oblique outer edge; an obliquely curved orange- yellow antemedial band; an orange-yellow band from end of ‘cell to inner margin, the end of cell tinged with brown and the fovea above it with two brown points on its upper edge, a yellow patch with a white spot on it beyond it on costal area; an orange-yeilow subterminal band detined at sides by brown, obliquely curved to vein 2, then bent outwards to tornus, giving off on inner side between veins 4 and 2 a yellowish fascia tinged with brown to lower end of cell; a pale brown terminal band. Hind wing silvery white; an orange-yellow antemedial band from cell to inner margin; a curved orange- yellow postmedial band defined by red-brown from costa to vein 1, its outer edge angled outwards.at vein 4; a sinuous orange-yellow subterminal band defined by red-brown ‘and ending at tornus, its outer edge excurved at discal fold to the narrow orange-yellow terminal band defined on inner side by a red-brown line and ending at submedian fold. Hab. S. NieErta, Lagos (Dudgeon), 1 3 type. Exp. 14 mn. (23 f) Ambia nivetplagalis, sp. n. do. Head, thorax, and abdomen white mixed with red-brown and dark brown, the head with dark line between antenne, the tegule dorsally and patagia at middle with white patches, the abdomen pale towards extremity and with white bands; antennz yellowish ringed with black; palpi pale red-brown, the 3rd joint white with red-brown band towards extremity ; pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen white, the fore legs tinged w ith red- brown, the abdomen with faint brownish bands, _ Fore wing - yellowish tinged with rufous and irrorated with dark brown; an inwardly oblique blackish antemedial line, excurved above inner margin and with a dark shade before it from subcostal nervure to inner margin; an oblique slightly sinuous blackish medial line with a white striga before it in and below the cell, where it is conjoined to a silvery-white patch below the submedian fold extending to inner margin and to the antemedial line ; a quadrate silvery-white spot beyond the cell defined by blackish and a quadrate patch from vein 2 to inner margin defined by blackish at sides, the fovea above end of cell white ; an oblique elliptical silvery-white patch defined by blackish from costa, to which it narrows, to vein 4; an apical white spot, then a curved series of white spots defined by blackish, minute to vein 3, the spots below veins 3 and 2 larger; cilia red- brown mixed with white. Hind wing yellowish tinged with rufous and irrorated with dark brown; a broad subbasal silver v-white band defined by dark brown and with red-brown spot on it at inner margin ; a rather lunulate silvery-white spot beyond the cell defined by dark brown ; a rounded postmedial silvery-white patch defined by dark brown from costa to vein 4, a spot below vein 3, and a curved band from vein 2 to above tornus; a triangular silver y- 464 Sir G. F. Hampson on new white apical spot, small conjoined subterminal spots above and below vein 4.and larger rather wedge-shaped spots below veins 3 and 2; cilia reddish brown mixed with some white. Hab. Perv, Carabaya, Oconeque (Ockenden), 1 ¢ type. Hap. 20 mm. (806) Ambia melanistis, sp. n. 2. Head, thorax, and abdomen black-brown mixed with some white; pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen white. Fore wing very dark red-brown with a blackish tinge; an antemedial white point on costa and medial bar from costa; a slightly ex- curved punctiform white postmedial line from costa to diseal fold, the line then almost obsolete and incurved below vein 4, with white points above and below vein 1, a metallic silvery patch before it. between veins 3 and 1 and a small spot at middle of inner margin ; a curved punctiform white subterminal line; cilia whitish. Hind wing very dark red-brown with a blackish tinge ; the basal part of costa white ; an antemedial white point on inner margin; a small metallic silvery spot beyond the cell; an oblique postmedial white band from costa to vein 4 and a minute spot above tornus; a curved white subterminal line from costa to discal fold and a series of striz between discal fold and vein 1 ; the termen more rufous ; cilia white. Hab. Formosa, Kanshirei (Wileman), 1 9 type. Kap.12mm. — '(38 a) Ambia argentistriata, sp. n. Fore wing of male on underside with large costal fold from before middle to near apex; hind wing in both sexes on upperside: with tuft of long spatulate hairs below end of cell. g. Head, thorax, and abdomen yellow, the tegule and patagia with scarlet streaks, the abdomen dorsally suffused with rufous ; palpi tinged with rufous; pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdo- men white tinged with rufous. [Fore wing orange-yellow; the basal area suffused with scarlet, irrorated with a few black scales and with some silver scales below costa; a curved scarlet ante- medial line; the medial area except towards costa and the post- medial area below vein 4 with a silvery gloss finely striated with dark brown; a scarlet line from upper angle of cell, oblique to vein 3, then erect, with a yellow streak tinged with scarlet in sub- median fold to the antemedial line and beyond it on the silvery area, the area beyond the line, except the silvery area, yellow tinged with scarlet with brilliant silver streaks defined by black scales in the interspaces of the postmedial area from below costa to vein 4 and a streak of black scales below vein 4, its extremity connected by a line formed by black scales with the inner margin and in- curved at submedian fold; a curved brilliant silver line before © termen and a terminal series of black strie ; cilia with brown mixed Penteg Mette iL. 3 ee Pyralide of the Subfamily Hydrocampine. 465 except at base. Hind wing white; a triangular area from origin of vein 2 to termen between discal fold and vein 2 orange-yellow ; the tuft of scales below end of cell black; a curved scarlet post- medial line between veins 5 and 2; a brilliant silver line before termen from costa to vein 5, then a series of small brilliant silver spots with black points before and beyond them on each side of veins 4to 2; the termen narrowly orange-yellow to apex ; cilia white, their bases orange-yellow with a brown line at base to vein 2. Ab. 1. Head, thorax, abdomen, fore wing, and the triangular patch on hind wing yellowish suffused with rufous, the scarlet markings replaced by rufous, the fore wing with silvery marks before the antemedial line in the interspaces. Hab. W. Cotomsia, Jiminez, 1 d type, W.slopes,1 ¢. Exp. 20 mm. (88¢) Ambia pheomeralis, sp. n. Q. Head, thorax, and abdomen grey-white mixed with brown ; palpi, pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen white tinged with brown, the tarsi dark brown ringed with white. Fore wing grey-white thickly irrorated with brown; an indistinct brown medial line defined on inner side by whitish, excurved to median nervure, then sinuous; a slight dark discoidal spot; a large patch of dark brown suffusion from costa to vein 2 before the postmedial line which is white slightly defined on outer side by brown and excurved from costa to vein 2 near termen, then almost obsolete and retracted to below the angle of cell, then more distinct, defined on inner side by brown and waved to inner margin; a series of dark strie before termen from below apex to above tornus. Hind wing white thickly irrorated with dark brown, the base, cell, and costal area to near apex white; the tuft of hairs below end of cell black- brown ; subterminal line white, excurved to vein 2, then sinuous; a series of ocellate black spots on termen from apex to submedian fold, defined on inner side by white with a fine sinuous dark line before it and with slight orange marks between them, the spots from apex to discal fold minute, then larger and with a black line beyond them on termen ; cilia white, metallic silver at base. Hab. Bourvia, Yungas de la Paz (Seebold), 1 Q type. Exp. 22 mm. (4a) Oligostigma centrimacula, sp. n. Antennz of male fringed with hair above at one-third from base ; hind tibiz fringed with hair below towards base. Head and thorax white, the head tinged with rufous behind, the patagia with some black-brown on outer edge; abdomen white, suffused with pale yellow except towards extremity; antenne tinged with rutous; palpi with sume black on extremity of 2nd joint behind; pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen white, 466 Sir G. F. Hampson on new the fore femora above and tibiz on inner side black, the tarsi ringed with black. Fore wing orange-yellow, the costa red-brown to end of cell; a white fascia in the ‘cell from before middle extending to well beyond the cell and with the dark cupreous red-brown dis- coidal spot on it; a curved silvery-white subterminal band defined on outer side by a black line from below costa to submedian fold in which it is bent inwards as a streak; a fine brown terminal line; cilia white. Hind wing with the basal half white with oblique outer edge defined by a strong black-brown line between discal and submedian folds; the terminal half orange-yellow with oblique silvery-white subterminal bar from costa to: vein 6 and subterminal silvery- -white band defined by dark brown lines between veins 4 and 1; four minute rather quadrate black spots on termen between vein 5 and submedian fold; cilia white, metallic silvery at base beyond the spots. ‘Hab. QuEENSLAND, Kuranda (Dodd), 1 3, 19 type. zp. 16 mm. (Le) Oligostigma peruviensis, sp. n. Head and thorax dark brown mixed with white, the patagia with white streak on upper edge towards base, the metathorax edged with white ; abdomen brown with white segmental bands; antennz white ringed with brown; palpi brown with some white in front and at tips; pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen white, the legs tinged with raw n, the abdomen tinged with brown except towards base and with white segmental lines. Fore wing cupreous brown mixed with some ochreous ; an obliquely curved somewhat dentate blackish subbasal line defined on each side by slight white marks except towards costa; antemedial line white defined on each side by dark brown, oblique to median nervure, angled outwards at median nervure and submedian fold, then very “oblique, forked white streaks beyond it at submedian fold; the medial area with white spots on costa, in the cell, and at Hane margin ; a white medial line, oblique to submedian fold, then excurved; a rather lunulate black discoidal spot defined by ochreous ; the postmedial area with a loop formed by sinuous “white lines from costa to vein 2, enclosing a white band to vein 4 rather constricted below costa ; a narrow “white band from below costa to vein 1, its inner edge irregular and incurved at discal and submedian folds before an orange- yellow terminal band defined on inner side by a black line and on outer by black striz on termen; cilia white with a brown line near base and the tips with brown niece, Hind wing cupreous brown; a sinuous white subbasal band; a white antemedial line; a broad white medial band ; postmedial ae white, angled ‘Gubeie below costa and outwardijat vein 4, then bent inwards and sinuous to inner margin; a white band with sinuous inner edge from discal to submedian fold before the terminal orange-yellow band defined on inner side by a black line; a series. of five small ocellate black hone ppg nen ee —_ wn —- ES ——— ee ee - Pyralidze of the Subfamily Hydrocampine. 467 spots on termen from vein 7 to below 4, the spots below veins 7 and 5 double, each with a white point on them; cilia white mixed with brown and with a brown line near base. Ab. 1. Fore wing without the white in end of cell or in the postmedial loop. Hab. Perv, Carabaya, R. Huacamayo, La Union (Ochkenden), 13,19, La Oroya (Ockenden), 23, 3 Q type. Hap., 3 22- 26, 2 32-88 mm. (1d) Oligostigma rufiterminalis, sp. n. @. Head and thorax greyish suffused with red-brown ; abdomen whitish tinged with red-brown and slightly irrorated with black ; palpi white tinged with red-brown and irrorated with black ; pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen whitish, the legs tinged with red-brown, the fore tibiz with white band at middle and black band at extremity. Fore wing greyish suffused with red-brown ; blackish points near base in and below the cell; a rather diffused black antemedial line, excurved to below vein 1 and bent inwards to inner margin ; the medial area with rufous streaks irrorated with black in discal and submedian folds ; a somewhat inwardly oblique black medial line, slightly excurved below costa; an elliptical rufous discoidal spot defined by black; postmedial line black slightly defined on outer side by whitish, very slightly waved towards costa, then excurved to vein 2, where it is strongly angled inwards, then oblique; a narrow silvery-white band from below costa to vein 1, above which it forms a small spot with a deeper red-brown shade before it, before the narrow orange-yellow terminal band defined on inner side by a black line; cilia whitish tinged with red-brown. Hind wing whitish tinged with red-brown, the area beyond the postmedial line rufous ; a curved black subbasal line; a round yellow discoidal spot defined by black; postmedial line black, excurved to vein 3, then incurved; a narrow silvery-white subterminal band defined on outer side by a black line with some yellow beyond it; the termen narrowly whitish between veins 6 and 2, with four minute black spots on it; cilia whitish tinged with red-brown. Hab. Mapacascar, 1 @ type. Herp. 24 mm. (12a) Oligostigma piperitalis, sp. n. 2. Head and thorax grey tinged with rufous and irrorated with dark brown; abdomen white with diffused rufous bands; antennz dark brown, pale red-brown towards base ; palpi red-brown ; pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen white, the fore and mid legs tinged with red-brown. Fore wing grey tinged with rufous and thickly irrorated with dark brown; a short blackish streak in middle of cell and small rather diffused discoidal spot; a narrow white band from below costa to vein 1 before the fulvous-yellow 468 Sir G. F. Hampson on new terminal band defined on inner side by a fine dark line; a fine dark terminal line; cilia whitish tinged with rufous and with a fine dark line near base. Hind wing pale rufous irrorated with dark brown ; the base white; a narrow oblique white antemedial band, diffused outwards at costa; a small blackish discoidal spot; a narrow white postmedial band excurved to vein 4, then incurved ; a narrow white band defined on inner side by diffused blackish and on outer by a black line from below costa to inner margin before the fulvous- yellow terminal band; a white terminal line with minute black spots on termen below veins 7, 5, 4, 3, defined on inner side by a black line which is slightly waved before the spots, the termen with a fine black line at apex and below the spots; cilia white faintly tinged with brown. Hab. N. Nigeria, Zungeru (Macfie), 1 9 type. Exp. 18 mm. (186) Oligostigma flavialbalis, sp. n. 2. Head, thorax, and abdomen white, the shoulders with’ some rufous, the metathorax yellow behind; palpi and maxillary palpi banded with rufous; fore tibie tinged with rufous with a white spot at middle. Fore wing silvery white, the costa tinged with rufous at base, then with yellow to beyond middle, the inner margin with a pale yellow patch before middle; a small rufous spot in upper part of middle of cell; a yellow discoidal spot defined by rufous scales; a silvery- -white subterminal band defined by pale brown lines with diffused pale yellow before it and the terminal area beyond it pale yellow; cilia white tinged with rufous. Hind wing white; the subbasal area pale yellow, diffused on inner side and defined on outer bya pale brown line; a pale brown postmedial line, excurved below costa, the area beyond it pale yellow with a narrow silvery-white subterminal band on it; the termen with minute black bars at veins 6 to 2; cilia white tinged with rufous. Hab. Mapacascar, Betsileo (Cowan), 1 Q type. Hap.22 mm. (236) Oligostigma leucomma, sp. n. 3. Head and thorax fulvous yellow mixed with white ; abdomen white suffused with fulvous yellow except at base; palpi white at tips ; pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen white suffused with fulvous yellow. Fore wing white, the costal and terminal areas suffused with fulvous yellow; black subbasal striz above and below vein 1; an antemedial fulvous-yellow band, defined on outer side by some ‘dark scales below the cell; a slightly waved blackish medial line somewhat excurved below the costa ; the outer half of medial area fulvous yellow, suffused wich indicate below the cell ; postmedial line blackish, defined on outer side by white to vein 4 and with a white spot before it beyond the cell, slightly incurved below costa and excurved at middle, at vein 4 bent inwards to lower angle of cell, then waved to inner margin; a black subterminal line gti tots ee —— =) ve —_————————=— a a eee Pyralidee of the Subfamily Hydrocampine. 469 defined on inner side by a narrow white band, incurved from costa to discal fold and below vein 2, excurved at middle; a black terminal line; cilia white, black at apex and middle. Hind wing white, the terminal area suffused with fulvous yellow; a curved yellow antemedial line with some dark scales on it below the cell; a blackish discoidal bar ; postmedial line fulvous yellow, exeurved to vein 4, then bent inwards to lower angle of cell, then with some dark scales on it and excurved above inner margin; a slightly sinuous black subterminal line with a narrow white band on its inner side, excurved at middle ; cilia white with a blackish line near base and some dark scales at tips to vein 2. @. Head, thorax, abdomen, and fore wing almost entirely fulvous yellow, the last without the white spot before the post- medial line and the white beyond the postmedial line and before the subterminal line reduced. Hab. QUEENSLAND, Stradbroke I. (Turner), 3 5, 1 Q type. Exp. 16-18 mm. (23) Oligostigma fulvicolor, sp. n. 3. Head, thorax, and abdomen fulvous, the last with some yellow mixed; frons white; tarsi white at base. Fore wing fulvous mixed with some yellow; a whitish antemedial spot on costa with a slight dark streak below it; an inwardly oblique slightly sinuous silvery-white medial band defined on each side by blackish except at costa and with a slight dark streak beyond it below costa to an elongate white spot defined by dark scales above end of cell; a white point defined by dark scales at upper angle of cell and a slight oblique dark streak below lower angle with a yellow mark above it extending to the postmedial narrow silvery- white band defined on each side by black-brown except at costa, obliquely curved to’ vein 2, then incurved; a subterminal series of short dark streaks with some whitish on the streaks above and below vein 2; cilia dark brown. Hind wing fulvous; a narrow slightly sinuous silvery-white antemedial band defined on each side by black-brown ; a similar postmedial band, obliquely curved to vein 1, then bent outwards to tornus; a subterminal series of slight rather wedge-shaped dark marks with some whitish in centres; cilia dark brown. Hab. Peru, Carabaya, Oconeque (Ockenden), 3 3 type. Exp. 34-38 mm. (286) Oligostigma flavipictalis, sp. n. ¢. Head, thorax, and abdomen white, the hind tarsi tinged with yellow on inner side. Fore wing silvery white; a golden- yellow patch at base of costa, slightly defined on outer side by brown; a curved golden-yellow antemedial band, slightly defined on each side by brown tow ards costa, where it is somewhat dilated ; 470 Sir G. F. Hampson on new a slight brown discoidal striga; an orange-yellow patch below end of cell in submedian interspace, its inner edge connected by a bar with inner margin and its outer edge defined by a slight brown line continued to inner margin ; an oblique orange-yellow mark on costa above end of cell defined on inner side by a brown striga ; an orange-yellow postmedial patch below costa with which its inner edge. is connected by an oblique bar, defined at sides by slight brown lines; a curved orange-yellow subterminal band from costa to below vein 4 where it is bent inwards, its inner edge defined by a blackish line to discal fold and with a slight oblique brownish line from the inner side of its recurved part to tornus; a narrow orange-yellow terminal band defined on inner side by a fine black line, curved inwards at tornus. Hind wing silvery white ; a curved orange-yellow subbasal band defined on outer side by a slight brown line; an orange-yellow medial band defined by slight brown lines, its outer edge for ming a hook at vein 4, then incurved ; an orange- yellow subterminal band defined by fine black lines, its inner edge strongly incurved from below vein 4 to submedian fold; the termen narrowly white with a fine terminal black line; cilia chequered yellow and white with some blackish scales at tips. Hab. Stxcapore (Meade-Waldo), 1 2 type. Exp. 14 mm. (18a) Aulacodes hemimelena, sp. n. °. Head and thorax black-brown ; abdomen yellowish tinged with black-brown and with some white at base; pectus white; legs and ventral surface of abdomen yellow, the fore legs tinged with red-brown, the fore femora black-brown above. Fore wing black-brown; a curved silvery-white band from below costa to vein 1 before the golden-yellow terminal band defined on inner side by black striz and on outer by a terminal series of black points - and striga at submedian interspace; cilia silvery white. Hind wing white with a black-brown patch at base, the terminal area broadly golden yellow defined on inner side bya black line between discal and submedian folds; a minute ocellate white spot defined by black on termen at discal fold, then three minute black spots with some red between them to vein 2; cilia silvery white, brown at base beyond the spots. Hab. Puturpprnes, Manila (Ledyard), 1 9 type. Exp. 18 mm. (236) Aulacodes quadriplagiata, sp. 0. 3. Headand thorax fulvous yellow; abdomen white tinged with yellow; palpi with some brown at side of 2nd joint ; legs yellow, the fore tibie with dark brown band at extremities, the tarsi ringed with brown; pectus and ventral surface of abdomen white. Fore wing with the basal half black-brown except the costal area which is fulyous yellow at base, then white, and a conical white ante- ~” Pyralidee of the Subfamily Hydrocampine. 471 medial spot at inner margin; a medial white band leaving the costal yellow; a semicircular deep chocolate-brown postmedial patch from below costa to vein 3 defined on outer side and below by a curved silvery-white band and shading to red-brown at costa before the white band; a terminal yellow band defined on inner side by a black line to submedian fold, the yellow band bent inwards on inner area to near the basal black-brown area; a terminal series of black points and small spot below apex ; cilia silvery white, tinged with brown at apex. Hind wing silvery white, the terminal area broadly bright yellow, extending on inner area to near base ; the white area defined by a curved black line between discal and submedian folds; subterminal black striz above and below vein 2, then a curved silvery-white line to above tornus ; a curved silvery-white line from costa before apex to termen at discal fold; minute silvery-white ocellate spots defined by black and with black points on their outer edge above and below vein 4 before termen ; a minute black spot below vein 3 and striga below vein 2; cilia silvery white tinged with red-brown at base. 2. Fore wing with the basal half chocolate-brown, its upper edge indented by an elongate white mark in the cell and with white streak below it on inner margin, the whole costal area above it yellow, the postmedial patch red-brown and extending to sub- median fold. Hab. D’EntrecastEaux Is., Goodenough I. (Meek), 1 CG, 2.2 type. Hap. 20-26 mm. © ~ (24a) Aulacodes costifascialis, sp. n. Hind tibie of male rather curved downwards and fringed with hair throughout. Head, thorax, and abdomen white suffused with yellow, the abdomen yellower except at base; palpi red-brown towards tips ; fore legs with the femora black-brown above, the tibiz with black- brown band at extremity. Fore wing golden yellow; a rufous fascia on costa to end of cell, where it expands into a triangular patch to lower angle of cell, a silvery-white fascia below it in and just below the cell; a wedge-shaped silvery-white patch beyond the cell from below costa to vein 2, defined by slight fuscous lines; a curved silvery-white subterminal band from costa to above vein 1, where it is somewhat bifid, defined by fine black lines except at costa; a terminal series of black points and striga in submedian interspace ; cilia silvery white. Hind wing silvery white, the inner: and terminal areas broadly golden yellow, the white area defined by an oblique sinuous black postmedial line from vein 6 to sub- median fold; an obliquely curved silvery-white line from costa before apex to termen at discal fold; four minute ocellate silvery- white spots before termen between vein 5 and submedian fold, the two upper spots with black points on their outer edges, the two lower with black -points beyond them, some orange-red on termen 472 On new Pyralidee of the Subfamily Hydrocampine. between the spots and two minute black points above them above vein 5; cilia silvery white with some brown at base beyond the spots.- Hab. D’Enrrecastravx Is., Goodenough I. (Meek), 2 3, 4 9 type; Bismarck Arcu., Rook I. (Meek), 25,19. Exp. 20- 24 mm. (246) Aulacodes nigriplagialis, sp. n. Eristena trigonalis, ab, 1, Hmpsn, A. M. N. H. (7) xviii. p. 390 (1906). Hind tibiew of male slightly fringed with hair above towards extremity. Head, thorax, and abdomen orange-yellow, the head and tegule with some brown mixed ; palpi irrorated with dark brown ; pectus and ventral surface of abdomen white suffused with orange-yellow, legs orange-yellow, the fore tibiz with dark brown band at extre- mity. Fore wing orange-yellow ; a very dark red-brown fascia on costa to end of cell, the end of cell below it white; a large conical very dark red-brown patch tinged with blackish from postmedial part of costa to vein 2, defined on inner side by a curved dark line met at vein 2 by another faint curved dark line traversing the patch and with a slight greyish tinge between them, a silvery-white band defining the outer edge of the patch defined on outer side by a fine curved black line ; a terminal series of black points, forming a minute spot below apex and striga at submedian interspace ; cilia silvery white. Hind wing orange-yellow, the costal area whitish to beyond middle ; an oblique black postmedial line between discal and submedian folds; an oblique silvery-white line’ from costa before apex to termen at discal fold; four small black spots before termen between discal and submedian folds, {the two upper spots defined on inner side by silvery white, with a waved black line before them diverging obliquely below the 2nd spot, some orange- red on termen between the spots; cilia silvery white, brown at base beyond the spots. Hab. Durcu N. Guinea, Fak-fak (Pratt), 1 ¢ type, Kapaur (Doherty), 12. Exp. 18 mm. (240) Aulacodes dolichoplagia, sp. n. 3. Head white, the frons suffused with golden yellow, the back of head with some brown; thorax silvery white, the shoulders, tips of patagia, and metathorax dark brown; abdomen golden yellow, white at base; antenne yellow; palpi red-brown, white at base; pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen white, the legs tinged with yellow, the fore femora above and tibie at extremities dark brown. Fore wing dark brown ; a silvery-white fascia below base of cell conjoined to a patch in end of cell; a large oblique conical silvery-white patch from postmedial part of costa to below vein 3 beyond the cell; a series of white strie before the narrow orange- yellow terminal band defined on inner side by a black line; a Descriptions and Records of Bees. 473 terminal series of black points; cilia brown at base, silvery white at tips. Hind wing silvery white; a dark brown patch at base; ' the terminal area golden yellow, expanding on inner area to middle, defined on inner side by a series of dark points from below costa to vein 2 and a striga at vein 1; a series of silvery-white marks before termen from below costa to submedian fold, defined by blackish, the spot below costa round, the others elongate except the small spot below vein 5; minute terminal black spots above and below vein 4 and slight striz towards apex and between veins 3 and 1; cilia silvery white with some brown at apex and a brown line through them from vein 5 to near tornus. eal Dutcu N. Guryea, Fak-fak (Pratt), 1 ¢ type. Exp. mm. [To be continued. ] ~ XLVI.—Descriptions and Records of Bees —LXXV. By T. D. A. Cockers, University of Colorado, Xylocopa draconis, sp. n. 6 .—Length about 25 mm., anterior wings 18°5 mm. Black, without any metallic tint; thorax thickly covered (except bare space on disc) with reddish-ochreous velvety hair; abdomen not banded. Eyes extremely large, con- verging above; mandibles bidentate, with a yellow basal patch ; tubercle of labrum small; clypeus ivory-colour, more or less brownish, with a pair of black spots, the surface of clypeus closely punctured, but an impunctate median ridge ; supraclypeal area almost pallid; ocelli large, far down on front ; face and front with red-brown hair, darkest around ocelli; top of head and cheeks with reddish-ochreous hair; anterior femora swollen, without hair below; anterior and middle tibize with bright fulvous hair on outer side, reddish on inner, and sooty behind ; anterior tarsi similarly coloured, but from middle of basitarsus on there is creamy- white hair on under side posteriorly, beneath the sooty, and on apical part of basitarsus anteriorly and beneath the red is very bright; middle tarsi with reddish-black hair above and behind, but red beneath ; hind femora broad, basally keeled beneath, with a pustuliform swelling on the side of the keel; hind tibize with a conspicuous apical lobe, much broader than long, on inner side; hind basitarsi with ochreous hair in front, black above and red behind, the Ann. & Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 8. Vol. xix. 31 474 Mr. T. D. A. Cockerell—Deseriptions and under side presenting a large, bare, shining, elevated, wedge- shaped surface; tegule black. Wings brown, subtrans- Incent, apically suffused with rosy-purple ; venation very different from that of X. sinensis, Smith, the third sub- marginal cell not conspicuously broadened or bulging apically, and the second much less elongated. Abdomen with sooty hair on first segment, second with fulvous, sooty only along apical margin, the rest with scanty hair except at sides and apex; at sides it is sooty, except anteriorly on segments 3 and 4, where is some fulvous ; at apex the hair is long and reddish; beneath, the bind margins of the segments are narrowly bright ferruginous and the hair is fulvous. Southern China (no other particulars known). In U.S. National Museum. Resembles X. appendiculata, Smith, but the hair is quite differently coloured. There is also a general resemblance to the smaller X. collaris. Xylocopa punctifrons, sp. u. ¢ .—Length about 21 mm., anterior wings 16 mm. Clypeus (except lower margin, broadening laterally), transverse supraclypeal mark and lateral face-marks (ending very obtusely halfway up front) ivory-colour ; labrum black, with a minute light point ; thorax without conspicuous light hair, except at sides, where a broad band of greyish hair extends from the tegule to the ventral surface. Abdomen with a little pale hair on first segment. Wings dark reddish fuliginous, with strong purple tints; light hair on hind tibize, and middle and hind tarsi, as in X. tarsata, but it is ochreous. French Congo (Queensland Museum). Received by the Museum from Le Moult of Paris. Very close to X. tarsata, Smith, but considerably larger, with the greater part of clypeus and sides of face densely punctured. The colour of the hair on the legs agrees with that of X. tarsata, var. namutonensis, Strand, but that form has the size of ¢arsata. It is possible that X. punctifrons is the undescribed male of X. tuberculiceps, Ritsema, but the legs have much more light hair than in the female of that species, and the localities are far apart. In the same lot came X. carinata, Smith, Mesotrichia preusta (Smith), and Crocisa excisa, Friese, from Dimbroko, French W. Africa. Or Records of Bees. 47 Centris maroniana, sp. 0. 3 .—Length about 28 mm., anterior wings 22°5 mm. Robust, black, including the legs, but anterior trochanters and tibiz suffused with chestnut-red. Eyes very large, con- verging above; ocelli large, practically contiguous, and lateral ones distant from eyes less than half diameter of one ; sides of face, supraclypeal area and upper part of clypeus ferruginous ; the rest of clypeus and the labrum chrome- yellow ; scape short and stout, dark reddish, yellow in front; mandibles elbowed near apex; hair of head clear ferru- ginous ; disc of mesothorax and mammiform elevations of scutellum shining; thorax densely covered with velvety hair, black, with a faint rusty tint dorsally, except ante- riorly, where it is rich deep red, the red gradually fading into the black ; pleura with dark reddish hair ; anterior legs with red hair, black on basitarsi; middle and hind legs with long pure black hair; tegule ferruginous. Wings dark fuliginous, brilliantly purple, with some shades of green. Abdomen with short velvety hair, which is black except a broad yellowish-white (olivaceous-tinted) band, occupying second segment except base and third except extreme apex. “ Guyane, Maroni ” (Queensland Museum ; received from Le Moult). Related to C. smithiana, Friese (which I have from F. Smith’s collection), but larger, with the hair of the thorax dorsally black except in front. From the character of the ocelli, it possibly flies in the evening or at night. The bee-fauna of Maroni, as shown by the same collection, includes the following :—Acanthopus splendidus, Fab., Aglaé cerulea, Lep., Exerete frontalis, Guér., Oxea festiva, Sm., Xylocopa tarbata, Fab., Bombus incarum, Frankl., Centris obsoleta, Lep., C. americana, Klug, Epicharis conica, Sm., E. schrottkyi, Friese, E. affinis, Sm., Ceratina leta, Spin., Eulema dimidiata, L., HE. fasciata, Lep., HE. mocsaryi, Friese, E. smaragdina mexicana, Mocs., Euglossa brullei, Lep., Eufriesia pulchra, Sm., &c. Pachymelus mediocinctus, sp. 0. ¢.—Length 18 mm., length of anterior wing 14 mm. Black, with tarsi dark red ; eyes large, slightly converging above; clypeus prominent, but flattened on disc, yellow, with upper and lateral margins and two conspicuous spots black ; labrum large, emarginate at apex, yellow, with lateral and inferior margins narrowly black; maudibles 31* 476 Mr. T. D. A. Cockerell—Descriptions and bidentate, the inner tooth short (style of P. hova), basal part of mandibles mainly very pale yellowish ; scape with a vellow stripe in front. Face, front, and vertex with long black hair, but also white at sides of face and (appressed) on each side of labrum ; occiput and cheeks with long white hair ; mesothorax shining, but distinctly punctured ; scu- tellum only feebly bigibbous; thorax with black hair, becoming obscurely ochreous along anterior margin of mesothorax, bright ochreous (forming a conspicuous wide band) on metathorax, and pure white in middle of ventral surface. Legs with mainly black hair; anterior tibie with a band of appressed golden pubescence in front; tegul black, Wings dilute fuliginous; venation as in P. micre- lephas, but second s.m. narrower. Abdomen closely punc- tured, basal segment with black hair; apical margin of second segment, and all of next three except base, covered with appressed bright ferruginous pubescence; sixth seg- ment with hair partly red and partly black ; apical plate emarginate. Miarinarivo, Madagascar (Queensl. Museum ; from Le Moult). Similar to P. cambouei, Sauss., but that is a very much larger species, with the scutellum different. Hylesides concinnus (Fabricius). Launceston, Tasmania, Feb. 15-16, 1916 (F. M. Littler). Genus new to Tasmania. The female agrees with main- land specimens ; but the male, compared with one from Sydney, differs by the wholly black prothorax and the more distinct punctures of second abdominal segment. Megachile derelicta, Cockerell. ? St. Patrick’s R., Tasmania, 6.2.14 (Litéler), New to Tasmania, Mesotrichia bryorum (Fabricius), Daru, Papua (Queensland Mus.). The female has the wings suffused with rosy-purplish, whereas Australian examples usually have them much more green, Eulema amabilis, sp. n. 3g .—At first sight exactly like F. bruesi, Ckll., but differing thus : green of mesothorax more brilliant, extend- ing along the sides to the posterior end, where it is very - Records of Bees. AT7 bright and broadly margined mesad with blue ; scutellum with lateral sulci strongly marked, the general surface of scutellum dark purplish and shining, the lateral margins thickened and shining steel-blue ; median smooth ridge of labrum little broadened above ; apex of abdomen broadly emarginate, formed as in E. manni, Ckll. From EL. manni it is at once known by the strong keel down middle of clypeus, the dark black-haired first abdominal segment, the blue margins of scutellum, &c. From E. smaragdina, Perty, by the black hind tibie, marked with green poste- riorly (with a rather small but distinct tubercle above the spurs), and the entirely black hair of thorax. From £. auripes, Gribodo, by the strong clypeal keel, the less promi- nent lateral keels of Jabrum, and the hair of legs differently coloured, the fringe on apical part of anterior tarsi ferru- ginous, while the pubescence on outer face of middle basi- tarsi is shining creamy-white. It is also distinct from £. mexicana aud the various related forms described by Friese and others. The mesopleura is dark blue. Manaos, Brazil (Miss H. B. Merrill). U.S. Nat. Museum. Mesonychium dugesi, sp. 0. ¢ .—Length about 15 mm. Very robust, black, with the abdomen dark but brilliant blue, the hind margins of the segments more or less green ; dise of mesothorax dark purple-blue on each side of the median sulcus; pubescence at first sight appearing wholly black, but it is mixed with ochreous on labrum and lower part of clypeus, and there is a spot of thesame on each side of front; on lower part of pleurais a little pale hair, and there is white hair on anterior tibiz posteriorly ; second and third antennal joints dark red in front; scutellum rather short, hairy, without conspicuous prominences; third s.m. strongly narrowed above, but not nearly to a point ; spur of middle tibia strongly bifid, one division with two or three spines ; hind femora broad, with a very large tooth beneath near base ; hind tibize with a polished red area at end ; venter of abdomen with a large red area in subapical region. The wings are brownish subhyaline, with a dark apical cloud. Guanajuato, Mexico (A. Dugés). U.S. National Museum. This has the appearance of the species which Schrottky places in his genus Cyphomelissa, but the third submarginal cell is as in Melissa or Mesoplia. It will easily be known from Mesonychium insigne (Melissa insignis, Sm.), trom Orizaba, by the absence of the bright yellow hair, The 478 Mr. T. D. A. Cockerell—Deseriptions and venation and middle spur separate it from MM. cerulescens, Lep. Mesonychium decoratum (Smith). Bocas del Toro, Panama, July 6, 1908 (W. Robinson). This agrees with one from EF. Smith’s collection, obtained by Bates in S. Paulo, Brazil. A form with broader pygidial plate (2) comes from Rio Mato, Venezuela, October ( Carriker). Mesonychium azureum guatemalense (Cockerell). Cacao, Trece Aguas, Guatemala, April 4 (Barber & Schwarz). This specimen shows that the type was partly denuded. The dise of mesothorax and outer face of hind tibiz are ornamented with green scale-hke hairs. Mesonychium duckei (Friese), Cabima, Panama, May 17, 1911 (Aug. Busck). The third s.m. is very much broader below than in M. decoratum, so that the venation approaches Cyphomelissa. After reviewing the subject, I must agree with Ducke that Mesonychium is the proper name for this genus, including Mesuplia and Melissa, and also Cyphumelissa as now inter- preted by Schrottky. Colletes cyanescens, Haliday. I have this from Santiago, Chile, and specimens marked Southern Chile (M. J. Rivera) are in the U.S. National Museum. C. atripilis, Vachal, is a synonym. Triepeolus pruinosus, sp. D. 2 (type).—Length about 9 mm. Black, the thorax densely punctured and not shining ; basal half of mandibles red ; labrum dark reddish ; elypeus very minutely and densely punctured ; scape red at base and more or Jess at apex ; second and third antennal joints bright ferruginous ; a conspicuous patch of creamy-white hair on each side of anteune ; mesothorax with a thin pruinose pubescence, anterior margin with two nearly round spots of yellow pubescence; yellowish-white prothoracic hair-band broadly interrupted in middle, ending laterally in round spot on base of tubercles ; tubercles reddish ; hind margin of mesothorax with a creamy hair-band ; scutellum Records of Bees, 479 moderately bigibbous, axillee bluntly conical ; area of meta- thorax dull and rough basally ; tegule bright ferruginous. Wings strongly dusky at apex. Legs obscure ferruginous, spurs red. Abdomen with broad yellow bands on first two segments, that on first anteriorly produced at sides into an evanescent cloud, not a distinct tooth or band-like lobe ; third and fourth segments with whitish bands, more or less failing in middle; modified pygidial space subcireular, not very ‘large : last. ventral segment produced beyond last dorsal, the very broad end tur ‘ned downward. OC) —Similar in appearance, but the legs are mainly black ; the anterior tibiz, middle tibize in front, hind tibiz at base, and the tarsi (the hind ones not wholly) are red; face densely covered with creamy-white hair ; mandibles. black with a median red band; flagellum black except at base ; yellow spots on anterior margin of mesothorax larger, suffusedly elongate posteriorly ; abdomen with five yellow bands (successively paler) and one white one, the first two bands more or less suffused with brownish-orange; ventral fringes pale reddish at ends. The dark parts of abdomen are hoary with a fine pale pubescence. Carcarana, Argentina (L. Bruner, 15). U.S. Nat. Museum. Resembles Epeolus burmeisteri, Friese, but considerably larger, with darker legs, and the patch on anterior margin of mesothorax divided into two spots. Epeolus (Doeringiella) bizonatus (Holmbg.), from Bahia Blanca (Bruner), 1s super- ficially very like 7. pruinosus, but larger, avd easily separated by the extraordinary antenne. Tsepeolus vierecki, Jorgensen. Bahia Blanca, Argentine (Bruner); San Juan, Argentine (C. S. Reed). It is permis ssible to correct the specific name, printed “ yiecki”’ in Jérgeusen’s work. Tsepeolus brunert, sp. n. ? .—Length 10 mm. Black, mandibles obscurely reddish in middle, but other- wise tegument of head aud thorax all black; thorax variegated with white hair as in other species, a ith two conspicuous black spots on scutellum, and others covering axille; disc of mesothorax shining, with well- separated unctures; first two abdominal segments ornamented as in I. cockerelli, Jorg., except that the i inner processes on second segment are longer; third with a pair of large oblique 480 Descriptions and Records of Bees. (quadrate) patches on hind margin, and each side with a large complicated patch of white, presenting a deep sinus anteriorly; fourth segment with a very large and thick mark having two parts, like the letter H; fifth with two large spots, not reaching apical margin ; sixth segment with a small outwardly directed basal spine on each side. Face with white hair, partly black on lower part; front and vertex with black hair; a band of white hair in front of ocelli; scape red at base, middle covered with long white hair, the broad apex intense black; flagellum red beneath ; third antennal joint unusually short for the genus, not as long as next three combined ; tegule red. Wings brownish on apical margin, stigma and nervures piceous; second s.m. distinctly narrower above, receiving first r. n. before end. Legs black with the usual white hair-marks, knees red ; pleura with black hair. Carcarana, Argentina (ZL. Bruner). Allied to J. cockerelli, but known by the abdominal pattern, venation, &c. Lonchopria alopex, sp. n. ¢ .—Length about 14 mm. Head, thorax, and legs black, with long and abundant fox-red hair. Abdomen shining olive-green, with the same red hair, except the last two segments, which are black, the penultimate with black hair. Mandibles bidentate, reddish apically ; malar space very short ; clypeus very smooth and polished, the upper part with two rounded elevations, between which is a depression bearing a tuft of very long red hair ; labrum bituberculate ; antennz very long, reaching to meta- thorax, flagellum bright ferruginous beneath except at base; face very broad; mesothorax shining, with well-separated punctures; area of metathorax smooth, with an obtuse transverse ridge ; tegule black. Wings dusky, stigma dull ferruginous; third s.m. very oblique ; apical segment of abdomen keeled. Maxillary palpi with six subequal joints. La Paz, Bolivia, Nov. 14, 1898. U.S. National Museum. A remarkable species, superficially resembling L. thoracica (Friese), but with much longer and more abundant hair on abdomen, shorter stigma, quite different mandibles, &c. According to specimens received from Friese and Jensen- Haarup, it is LZ. armata, Fr., which is the male of L. chalybea, Fr., not L. enea, Fr., as Friese first thought. L. marginata (Spin.), described as a Colletes, the specific name preoccupied, apparently becomes L. zonalis (Reed, 1892). i le ee i ee an Mr. G. J. Arrow on the Khapra Beetle. 481 Svastra bombylans (Holmberg). Bahia Blanca, Argentine (Bruner, 2). Xenoglossa crawfordi, Cockerell. Guanajuato, Mexico (A. Dugés). Colletes punctipennis, Cresson. Brownsville, Texas, 1908 (Jones & Pratt). New to the United States. Pseudomelecta californica miranda (Fox). Mexico (C. F. Baker collection, 2320). Megachile anthracina, Smith. . Moulmein, I. Burma, Dec. 1910 (R. L. Woglum). XLVII.—The Khapra Beetle (Trogoderma khapra, sp. n.), an Indian Grain-pest. By GiLBert J. ARROW. (Published by permission of the Trustees of the British Museum.) Tuis very destructive wheat-pest has been studied in great detail by Messrs. J. H. Barnes and A. J. Grove, who have published figures and descriptions of it in all its stages in Mem. Dept. Agric. India (Chemical Series), iv. 6, 1916, p. 172) under the name Attagenus undulatus, Motsch. As already stated in a footnote in the ‘ Review of Applied Entomology,’ v. 1917, p. 126, the insect is really a species of Trogoderma and appears to be without a specific name. Attagenus undu- latus is quite a different insect, as I have established from specimens in the British Museum received from Motschulsky himself (see Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) xv. 1915, p. 426). Mr. Bainbrigge Fletcher has incorrectly reported me (Agric. Research Inst. Pusa, Bull. 59, p. 14) as saying that the insect common in stored wheat in Northern India should be known by this name. On the contrary, the distribution I recorded shows A. undulatus to belong to tropical and not wheat-growing latitudes. Specimens found in imported wheat have been received at the British Museum during many years past, and I have 482 Mr. G. J. Arrow on the Khapra Beetle. regarded them as probably identical with Trogoderma versi- color, Creutz., but they have invariably been in such bad condition that exact determination was impracticable. Under the name of “ Kapra ” specimens were sent to the Museum by the late E. T. Atkinson in 1888 and stated to be destructive to wheat in godowns at Delhi. Recently I have been able to examine perfect examples, bred in the greatest abundance from samples of Karachi wheat collected by Mr. J. H. Durrant, and the study of these has convinced me that the species is neither T. versicolor, Creutz., nor T. inclusum, Lec., the figures and descriptions of which show them to be larger and darker coloured, with different antennee, and possibly not distinet one from the other. It is, therefore, necessary to give a new name to this exceedingly serious pest, and I propose to adopt the vernacular name by which, according to Messrs. Barnes and Grove, it is known to Indian grain-dealers. It may be briefly’ diagnosed as follows :— Trogoderma khapra, sp. n. Rufo-ferruginea, capite, pronoto corporeque subtus obscurioribus, antennis pedibusque rufis, elytris vage fusco-bifasciatis ; ovalis, nitida, corpore subtus equaliter, supra longius et magis irregu- lariter griseo-pubescenti; antennis 11-articulatis, articulis 3-7 minutis, 8-1] sat magnis, clavam formantibus, foemine ovatam, multo compactam, muris longiorem, apice producto et compresso, Long. 1°75-3 mm. Although I have seen an enormous number of specimens, the largest scarcely exceeds 3 mm. in length, with the head fully extended, and this is considerably less than the size indicated for the European and N.-American types of Creutzer and Leconte. The elytra are of a rather light red-brown shade, generally marked with two vaguely defined darker transverse bands, and the head and pronotum are nearly always distinctly darker than the elytra, but rarely black. The surface is clothed with grey hairs, which are very easily rubbed off, and the worn specimens found amongst the grain are very smooth and shining. Upon the darker areas of the elytra the hairs are finer and scantier. The antenna and legs are entirely light in colour. The males are much smaller on the average than the females and have rather longer antenne, the joints composing the club, and especially the terminal one, being more elongate. This insect is found in enormous profusion in cargoes of wheat from Karachi and Bombay ; but there is no evidence that it is able to perpetuate itself in Europe, nor has it been found in grain imported from other regions than India. Geological Society. 483 PROCEEDINGS OF LEARNED SOCIETIES. GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. February 28th, 1917.—Dr. Alfred Harker, F.R.S., President, in the Chair. The following communication was read :— ‘Fourth Note on the Piltdown Gravel, with Evidence of a Second Skull of Hoanthropus dawsoni. By Arthur Smith Woodward, LL.D., F.R.S., V.P.G.S. With an Appendix on the Form of the Frontal Pole of an Endocranial Cast of Hoanthropus dawsoni. By Prot. Grafton Elliot Smith, M.A., M.D., F.R.S. Excavations last summer round the margin of the gravel-pit at Piltdown (Sussex) supported the conclusion that the deposit is a varied shingle-bank, and that the three layers containing Paleo- lithic remains and derived Pliocene fossils are approximately of the same age. Many elongated flints and pieces of Wealden sandstone were observed in the bottom sandy clay with their long axis more or less nearly vertical. No teeth or bones were found, but one nodular flint obtained from the same layer as Hoanthropus, seems to have been used by man as a hammer-stone. This 1s not purposely shaped, but merely battered along faces that happened to be useful when the stone was conveniently held in the hand. In the winter of 1915 the late Mr. Charles Dawson discovered in a ploughed field, about a mile distant from the original spot, the inner supraorbital part of a frontal bone, the middle of an occipital bone, and a left lower first molar tooth, all evidently human. These are rolled fragments, and the first and third may be referred with certainty to Hoanthropus dawsoni; but it is doubtful whether they represent more than one individual. In mineralized condition they agree with the remains of the type- specimen. The piece of frontal bone exhibits the characteristic texture and thickness, with only a very slight supraciliary ridge, and a small development of air-sinuses. The occipital bone is somewhat less thickened than that of the original specimen of Eoanthropus, and bears the impression of a less unsymmetrical brain. The external occipital protuberance is a little above the upper limit of the cerebellum, as in Neanderthal man; thus differing from the condition both in Koanthropus and in modern man. The lower molar is exactly similar to the first lower molar of Eoanthropus already described, but is more obliquely worn by mastication. Detailed comparison shows that this tooth is human, differing essentially from that of a chimpanzee in its more hypso- dont crown, thicker enamel, and less prominence of the neck over the root. The occurrence of the same type of frontal bone with the same type of lower molar in two distinct localities, adds to the probability of their belonging to one and the same species. With these remains were found brown flints in great abundance, and one rolled portion of a lower molar tooth of Rhinoceros in the same highly-mineralized condition as the derived Pliocene teeth at Piltdown. In an Appendix, Prof. G. Elliot Smith expresses the opinion that the endocranial cast of the fragment of frontal bone presents features more primitive and more ape-like than those of any other known member of the human family, 484 Miscellaneous. MISCELLANEOUS. ' Wn have received from the Secretary to the International Commis- sion on Zoological Nomenclature a circular letter giving 39 generic names in Protozoa, Ceelenterata, Trematoda, Cestoda, Cirripedia, ‘lunicata, and Pisces, chiefly Linnean, which have been proposed for inclusion in the Official List of Zoological Names. Owing to its length we are unable to publish the list in full, but a copy will be sent toany person sufficiently interested on application to the Secre- tary to the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, Smithsonian Institution, United States National Museum, Wash- ington, D.C., U.S.A. ] Notice to the Zoological Profession of a Possible Suspension of the International Rules of Zoologicul Nomenclature in the Cases of Musca, Linneus, 1758, and Calliphora, Desvoidy, 1830. In accordance with the Rules of the International Zoological Congress, the attention of the zoological profession is invited to the fact that Dr. L. O. Howard, W. Dwight Pierce, and twenty-one other professional zoologists have requested the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature to exercise its plenary power in the case of the Linnean genus Musca, 1758, and, under suspension of the Rules, to declare MW. domestica as type of this genus, also, under suspension of the Rules, to validate Calliphora, Desvoidy, 1830, with C. vomitoria as type. The request is based on the grounds of practical utility, and an almost unbroken history of cunsistent usage since 1758 in the case of Musca, and since 1830 in the case of Calliphora. It is claimed that a strict application of the Rules will produce greater confusion than uniformity. According to the premises at present before the Commission, if the Rules are strictly applied, the generic name of Musca would take either M. cesar or M. vomitoria as type, and the species M. domestica would be cited either in Conostoma, 1801[?] (type Ascaris conostoma=larva of M. domestica), or in Conosoma, 1802 (type Ascaris conosoma=larva of MM. domestica), or in Promusca, 1915 (type M. domestica), thus resulting in a very regrettable change in the nomenclature of the species in question as almost universally used in entomological, zoological, medical, epidemio- logical, and veterinary literature. The Secretary of the Commission invites any person interested in these cases of nomenclature to communicate his opinion on the subject as soon as possible, and not later than May 1, 1918, when the subject will be submitted to the Commission for vote. C. W. Srizes, Secretary to Commission. 25th & K. Streets, N.W., Washington, D.C, 485 INDEX ro VOLY XE ACARINA, new, 156. Aconzemys, new species of, 281. Actinopyga agassizli, on the occur- rence of, in Bermuda, 406. Alex, new species of, 416. Awbia, new species of, 459. Ananca, new species of, 170. Andrena, new species of, 282. Anobostra, characters of the new genus, 97, Anthophora, new species of, 287. Aphytoceros, new species of, 342. Argyractis, new species of, 363, Arhopala, new species of, 409. Arrow, G. J., on melolonthine coleo- ptera, 59; on the Khapra beetle, 481. Arthrolips, new species of, 13. Asthenopholis, key to the species of, 60. Attatha, new species of, 337. Aulacodes, new species of, 470. Barnacles from the hull of the ‘ Terra Nova,’ on, 229, Bather, Dr. F. A., on triassic cri- noids from New Zealand, 360. Bathyparia, characters of the new genus, 56. Batrachians, new, 407. ‘“Bembex, new species of, 436. Birks, Rev. S. G., on Cylindroiulus nitidus, 417. Books, new: —Boulenger’s Catalogue of Freshwater Fishes of Africa, 160 ; Hampson’s Catalogue of the Lepidoptera Phalzne, ment, vol. 1., 291. Borradaile, L. A., on barnacles from the hull of the ‘ Terra Nova,’ 229. Bostra, new species of, 90. Boulenger, G. A., on new lizards of the family Lacertide, 277; on a new lizard and two new frogs from W. Africa, 407. Brade, Miss H. K., on Cylindroiulus nitidus, 417. Bradypus, new species of, 356. Brevoortia, notes on species of, 301, Cacoplesia, new species of, 163. Calcagninus, new species of, 103. Campion, H., on Fabricius’s types of Odonata in the British Museum, 441. Cataclysta, new species of, 374, 457, Cavia, new species of, 154. Centris, new species of, 475. Cerceris, new species of, 104, Champion, G. C., on coleoptera from the Seychelles and Aldabra, 161. Chilton, Prof. C., on the New Zea- land amphipod Hyale grenfelli, 273; on a new tuberculate ter- restrial isopod from New Zealand, 327. Chlorops, new species of, 51. Chromatopterum, new species of, 49, Chyliza, new species of, 270. Cirphis, new species of, 336. Cirripedes, notes on New Zealand, 229. Supple- 486 IN DEX. Clupea, on the fishes of the genus, 226. Cockerell, T. D. A., descriptions and records of bees, 282, 473. Coleoptera, new, ], 59, 144, 161, 188, 395, 482. Collembola, notes on, 425, Corylophide from the Seychelles and Rangoon, on, 1. Cricetiscus, characters of the new genus, 456. Cricetulus, new species of, 452. Crick, G.C., on the belemnite animal, 291. Crozier, W. J., on the occurrence of a holothurian new to the fauna of Bermuda, 405. Crustacea, new, 229, 327, 405. Cubaris, new species of, 327. Curculionide, new Indian, 188. Cylindroiulus nitidus, note on, 417. Cynothrissa, characters of the new genus, 205. Dattinia, new species of, 96, Daubania, characters of the new genus, 19. Deilemera, new species of, 335, 411. Diatomineura, new species of, 209. Dicranocnemus, new species of, 62. Dimorpha, new species of, 318. Diptera, new, 33, 207, 225, 266. Distant, W. L., on the homoptera of Indo-China, 100. Ectenopsis, new species of, 217. Elealis, new species of, 76. Elis, new species of, 317. Encopognathus, new species of, 106. Epiplema, new species of, 339. Eremias, new species of, 279. Erephopsis, new species of, 211. Eristena, new species of, 368. Ethmalosa, characters of the new genus, 302. Eulema, new species of, 476. Eurina, new species of, 42. Eurygenius, new species of, 174. Fishes, new, 198, 297, 377. Gargela, new species of, 362. Geckobia, new species of, 138. Geekobiella, characters of the new genus, 138, Geological Society, proceedings of the, 230, 291, 357, 483: Geropaschia, definition of the new generic name, 36], Gonialosa, characters of the new genus, 315, Gouna, new species of, 61. Groves, J., on Characee from the Lower Headon beds, 281. Hematopota, new species of, 225, Hampson, Sir G, F., on new Pyra- lide, 65, 361, 457. Hapalemur group, on the lemurs of the, 343 ; new species of, 348, Haplegis, new species of, 47. Harengula, synopsis of the species of, 386. Hebomoia, new species of, 332. Helomyza, new species of, 266. Herculia, new species of, 81. Heterochelus, new species of, 61. Hilsa, characters of the new genus, Hirst, S., on some new mites, 136. Holothurian, on the occurrence of a, new to the fauna of Bermuda, 405. Homonotus, new species of, 149. Homoptera, new, 100. Hoplionota, new species of, 144. Huechys, new species of, 104. Hyale grenfelli, note on, 273. Hymenoptera, new, 104, 147, 282, 317, 436, 473. Ichnotropis, new species of, 278, Isamia, new species of, 331. Isepeolus, new species of, 479. Khapra beetle, note on the, 431. Lacerta, new variety of, 277. Lagaroceras, new species of, 44. Lamb, C. G., on exotic Chloropide, 33; on exotic Helomyzidie, Scio- myzidze, and Psilide, 266. Lapworth, Dr. C., on graptolites trom Peru, 295. Lemurs of the Hapalemur group, on the, 343. Lepidoptera, new, 65, 531, 361, 409, 457. Lewisium, new species of, 23. Lile, new species of, 394. Limnothrissa, characters of the new genus, 207. Lonchopria, new species of, 480. Lorymodes, characters of the new genus, 96. Loxocera, notes on species of, 272, Lygosoma, new species of, 407. M‘Intosh, Prof., on the nervous “ Sip pet, etre INDEX. system and other points in the structure of Owenia and Myrio- chele, 233. Mammals, new, 154, 280, 281, 348, 356, 450, 452. Margaronia, new species of, 342. Margarosticha, new species of, 372. Marshall, Dr. G. A. K., on new species of Indian Curculionide, 188; on new weevils of the genus Mecysmoderes, 395. Maulik, S., on Cassidine and Bru- chide from the Seychelles and Aldabra, 144. Mecysmoderes, 395. Meioderus, new species of, 16. Meionops, characters of the new genus, 191. Mesonychium, new species of, 477. Microthrissa, new species of, 202. Microtus, new species of, 450. Mogannia, new species of, 103. Monomma, new species of, 162. Mordella, new species of, 179. Mordellistena, new species of, 183, Murgisca, new species of, 362. Mycteromimus, characters of the new genus, 166, Myriocchele, notes on the nervous system &c. of, 253, Nematolosa, characters of the new genus, 312. Nematoserica, characters of the new genus, 64. Nomenclature, notice of a possible suspension of the rules of, 484. Notocrypta, new species of, 410, Nymphula, new species of, 369. Odaxothrissa, new species of, 205, Odonata, on Fabricius’s types of, in the British Museum, 441. Oligostigma, new species of, 465, Onychocnemis, characters of the new genus, 193. Ops, new species of, 50. Orthoperus, new species of, 29. Osericana, new varieties of, 341. Owenia, notes on the nervous system &e. of, 233, Oxacis, notes on species of, 168. Pachylophus, new species of, 57, Pachymelus, new species of, 478. Paractenia, new species of, 88. Parectecephala, new species of, 52. new species of, 487 Pellonula, new species of, 201. Peltotrachelus, characters of the new genus, 188. Pemphigonotus, characters of the new genus, d4, Phzenomerus, new species of, 197. Phryganomima, characters of the new genus, 95. Pimeliaphilus, new species of, 142. Pingasa, new species of, 416. Pison, new species of, 109. Plutopaschia, characters of new genus, 361. Pocock, R. 1., on the external cha- racters of the Felidw, 113; on the lemurs of the Hapalemur group, 343; Felide, on the ex- ternal characters of the, 113. Peecilothrissa, characters of the new genus, 201, Pomolobus, notes on species of, 299. Potamothrissa, characters of the new genus, 203. Prosopigastra, new species of, 325. Pterygosoma, new species of, 136, Pyralide, new, 65, 361, 457. Pyralis, new species of, 65, Rana, new species of, 407, Rappia, new species of, 408, Regan, C. T., revision of the clupeid fishes of the genus Pellonula and of related genera in the rivers of Africa, 198; on the fishes of the genus Clupea, 226; on the clupeoid fishes of the genera Promolobus, Brevoortia, and Dorosoma, 297 ; on the clupeid fishes of the genera Sardinella, Harengula, &c., 377. Reid, C., on Characeze from the Lower Headon beds, 281, Reptiles, new, 277, 407. Rhopalum, new species of, 107. Rhypobius, new species of, 27. Ricardo, Miss G., on new species of Tabanide from Australia and the Fiji Islands, 207; on new Indian species of Heematopota, 225. Routledge, S., on the geology of Easter Island, 357. Sacada, new species of, 88, Sacium, new species of, 7. Salatura, new subspecies of, 331, Sapyga, new species of, 318. Sardinella, new species of, 380, Scotcecus, new species of, 280. the 488 Scott, H., on Corylophidee from the Seychelles and Rangoon, 1. Sericoderus, new species of, 18. Shoebotham, J. W., notes on Collem- bola, 425. Silvius, new species of, 212. Sitina, new species of, 333. Sloths, notes on three-toed, 352. Smith, Dr. 8., on a new coral genus, 230. Sparrmannia, new species of, 59. Stebbing, Rev. T. R. R., on 8.-Afri- can Talitride, 330. Steleocerus, new species of, 39. Stemmatophora, new species of, 76. Stictodrya, new species of, 165. Stictoptera, new species of, 337. Stolothrissa, characters of the new genus, 206. Stopes, Dr. M. C., on mesozoic cycads, 293. Swinhoe, Col. C., on new Indo- Malayan lepidoptera, 331, 409. Sylepta, new species of, 342. Tabanida, on new species of, from Australia and the Fiji Islands, 207. Tabanus, new species of, 213. Tachysphex, new species of, 320. Talitride, notes on 8,-African, 330. INDEX. Tegulifera, new species of, 70. Telicota, new variety of, 410. Teluropus, characters of the new genus, 195, Terpnosia, new species of, 101. Tetralonia, new species of, 287. Thomas, O., on the species of Cavia, 152; on a new species of Scotce- cus, 280; on a new species of Aconemys from Southern Chili, 281; notes on three-toed sloths, 352; on a new vole from Pales- tine, 450; on the small hamsters that have been referred to Crice- tulus phzeus and campbelli, 452, Trechmann, C. T., on the trias of New Zealand, 359. Triepeolus, new species of, 478, Trogoderma, new species of, 482. Turner, R. E., notes on fossorial hymenoptera, 104, 147, 317, 436. Tyndis, new species of, 99, Willowsia, definition of the new generic name, 431. Xylocopa, new species of, 473. Xylophilus, new species of, 176. Zitha, new species of, 95. Zoological nomenclature, notice of a possible suspension of the rules of, 484, END OF THE NINETEENTH VOLUME, PRINTED BY TAYLOR AND FRANCIS, RUD LION COURT, FLEDT STRERT, scorr. Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. 8. 8. Vol. XLX. Pl. I. eeu rs ont > o* geen cael ge 10 H. Scott del. Camb, Univ. Press SOR MEOPRUD BEE TEES 16@ \ ae: / 16 17 H. Scott del. Camb. Univ. Press COnRYLOPHID BEETLES. SCOTT. Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. S. 8. Vol. XTX. Pl. HII. H. Scott del. Camb. Univ. Press CORYLOPHID BEETLES. SCOTT. Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. S. 8. Vol. XIX. Pl. IV. . 37 H. Scott del. Camb. Univ. Press CORYLOPHID BEEDRLES. scorT. Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. S. 8. Vol. XIX. Pl. V. H. Scott del. Camb. Univ. Press CORYLOPHID_ BEETLES. Pee ticeron Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. 8. 8. Vol. XLX. Pl. VI. H, Knight, del. MeETEROMEROUS COLEOPTERA FROM THE SEYCHELLES AND ALDABRA. "+ Fi ~ MeINTO SH. 4 Ann. é Mag Nat. Hist. 8. 8Vol. AIX, PLV. te : ; A.H.W.& W.C.M. del. Huth Lith, A.H.W.& W.C.M. del. =~ i \ iY a“ WW Huth lith. MCINTOSH. z TVG PTD (Tr nine ae A.H.W. & W.C.M. del. Ann.éMag Nat. Hist. §. 8 Vol ALPLLY. Mow Ui i : kis »\ } 1 = = — Ss: E| = * A nGge a8t WPF eee, ¢ Lge id ; Be, Ge é ck fc Y! rn ua ¥ fo, ‘ > ef opie b Lp ea i Oe mes va, “ eet : es Zi PT soy nage a AD AAI all Ul 4 ae So nee H 9 Huth lith. A.H.W, & W.C.M. del. Ann.éMagNatHist.8.8 Vol. AIX PU ALL MCINTOSH. 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