THE LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA DAVIS THE SHOETHOKN HEEDS OF ENGLAND, 1885-6-7, BY EGBERT WILLIAM ASHBURNEB WARWICK; HENRY T. COOKE AND SON, HIGH STREET. LONDON : SIMPKIN, MAESHALL & Co. ¥ TV TT1 fl-»r-v , UBRARY PBEEACE. A period of twenty years having elapsed since the publication of Mr. Dixon's " Saddle and Sirloin," and encouraged by the increased popularity of the shorthorn breed of cattle, I have been tempted to write a work devoted solely to the interests of the breed, in which will be found a brief description of the herds in this country. Such a volume it is trusted will prove of assistance to the exporter who has become an extensive purchaser, not only of shorthorns, but of all pure breeds, and also to the novice, unacquainted with the intricacies of pedigree, as giving information where the description of materials required by them are to be most easily found, especially when read in connection with the Breeders' Directory, found at the end of this volume. The latter, resulted from the suggestion of a breeder, that if an index could be added, giving the page where animals of the various tribes were mentioned, the general usefulness of the volume would be increased. This proposal had several objections, as there are a number of very good animals of no recognized tribes, which would be difficult to classify, and many breeders might possibly feel annoyed at having their best cattle omitted inadvertantly, or otherwise. It would also have been too great a repetition to state each animal's ancestry to make both the index and contents work together, in addition to being pleasant reading for those wrho peruse it. A satisfactory index under these circumstances being scarcely possible, hence arose the idea of a Breeder's Directory. Lastly, as to the old established breeder, may I hope that this volume will be read with interest, as showing the changes which have occurred in the distribution of the tribes of Kirklevington and Killer by fame, since the days of " Saddle and Sirloin." EOBT. W. ASHBUENEB. March, 1888. CONTENTS. PAGE. CHAPTER I. 1—15 The Yorkshire Herds. Wetherby Grange and its Associations. Moor Park. Swarcliffe. Studley. Carperby. CHAPTER II. 16—40 North Westmoreland Hards. Raveustouedale. Wharton Hall. Eden Bank. Kaber Fold. Hall Garth. Eden Grove. Culgaith. North Yorkshire Herds. Bolton Hall. The Manor House. Bainesse. Killerby. Hart forth. CHAPTER III. 40—70 The Durham Herds. Cleasby. Smelt House. Thistleflatt House. Plawsworth. Ouston. Northumberland Herds. Alnwick Castle. Barmoor Castle. Chillingham Barns. Catchburn. West Chevington. Cragside. Kirkwhelpingtou. Capheaton. Bearl. South Acomb. The Spital. Wydon Burn. Eastgate. Ellington Hall. CHAPTER IV. 71—108 Cumberland Herds. T.he Oaks. Wasdale Hall. Blackhow. St. Bees Abbey. Preston Hows. Crosby. Mereside. The Tarns. Brayton. Blaithwaite. Killhow. Cummersdale. Scaleby Castle. The Nook. Armathwaite. Calthwaite Hall. Calthwaite House. Musgrave Hall. Carleton Hill. luglewood Bank. Eden Hall. CHAPTER V. 109—146 Yorkshire Herds (concluded) Old Bramhope. Farnley Hall. Rainton. Stourton Castle. Spellow Hill. Beadlam Grange. Nawton Grange. Duucombe Park. Highfield House. Hovingham. Birdsall. Thicket Priory. Osgodby Hall. Bank House. Warlaby. The Grange. Masham. Sion Hill. Sand Hutton. Givendale. Keld Head. Knapton Hall. Knapton. Alnwark Manor. Augram Hall. North Ferriby. Waulby. The Elms. Sproatley Rise. Grimston Park. ScawsbyHall. East Thorpe. Ballifield Hall. CONTENTS. PAGE. CHAPTER VI. 147—171 The Lincolnshire Herds. Yaddlethorpe. Limber Magna. Melton Ross. Tathwell Hall. Scotheru. Hackthorne. Gate Burton. Stroxton. Laughton. The Norfolk Herds. Sandringham. West Dereham Abbey. CHAPTER VII. 171—189 The Kentish Herds. Wrotham Hill Park. Barming. Preston Hall. Wateringbury. Hadlow Place. Little Barton. Eedlands. The Sussex Herds. Willingdon. Kingston-by-the Sea. Horsted. Warnham Court. Rowfant. Stammerham. CHAPTER VIII. 189-224 The Surrey Herds. Summersbury Hall. Harewoods. Norbury Park. Buckinghamshire Herds. Terrick. Walton Grange. Tile House. Warwickshire Herds. Canley. Berkswell Hall. Whoberley Hall. The Hollies. Ashorne Hill. Alveston Pasture. Stoney Thorpe. Brailes House. Weston Park. Studley Castle. Fox Hollies Hall. The Oaklands. Yardley. CHAPTER IX. 224—257 The Warwickshire Herds (continued). The Wolds. Church Lawford Lodge. Thurlaston. Northamptonshire Herds. Whittlebury. Rothers- thorpe. Cottesbroke. Overstone Park. Broughton. Kettering. Clapton. Rushden. Stanwick. The Grange. Thenford. East Haddon. Leicester- shire Herds. Catthorpe Towers. Thurmaston. Bardon Hill. Beau Manor. Maplewell. Rutland Herds. Burghley. Exton. Whitwell. CHAPTER X. 257- -279 The Nottinghamshire Herds. Ruddington Hall. Spring Hill. Osberton Hall. Headdon Manor. Clipstone Park. Ossington. Derbyshire Herds. Stancliffe. SydnopeHall. HaslandHall. Cambridgeshire Herds. Linton. Littleport. Alwalton. CHAPTER XI. 279—298 The Huntingdonshire Herds. Connington Castle. Holywell Manor. Broughton. Kimbolton Castle. Buckdeu Wood. Bedfordshire Herds. Kensworth. Southill. Colworth. Biddenham. Clapham Park. Hert- fordshire Herds. Astwick Manor. Westminster Lodge. Woolmers Park. Russell Farm. Shendish. Essex Herds. Forest House. Havering Park. CONTENTS. PAGE. CHAPTEE XII. 299—328 The Hampshire Herds. Stretton Park. Rotherfield Park. Moor Court. Eastover. Wiltshire Herds. Britford. Bapton Manor. Dorsetshire Herds. Marnhull. Castle Hill. Devonshire Herds. Ogwell. Filleigh. Week. Pilton. Cornwall Herds. Loggans Mill. Scorrier. Trewithen. Budock- Vean. CHAPTER XIII. 329—354 The Somersetshire Herds. Dodhill House. Coombe Lodge. Elm Farm. Stanton Prior. Chew Court. The Eookery. Gloucestershire Herds. Toghill. Badminton. Didmarton. Oldbury-on-the-Hill. Kingscote Park. Horton. Tortworth Court. Heathermead. Berkeley Castle. Eoyston. Little Haresfield. Maisemore Court. CHAPTEE XIV. 355—378 The Gloucestershire Herds (continued). Butler's Court. Hatherop. Southrop House. Eastleach. • Maiseyhampton. Marston Hill. Poulton Priory. North Cerney. Sherbourne. Great Eissington. Oxfordshire Herds. Sarsden Lodge Farm. Melbourne Villa. Berkshire Herds. Windsor. Grazeley Court. Charlton House. CHAPTEE XV. 379—394 The Monmouthshire Herds. Caldicot Hall. The Duffryn. Llanrumney Hall. Maindiff Court. . The Hendre. Herefordshire Herds. Bryngwyn. Clifford Priory. Lower Eaton. Worcestershire Herds. Oddingley. Stoney Lane. Bentley Manor. Eosedale. CHAPTEE XVI. 394—405 The Wales Herds. Pool Park. Bodrhyddan. Noyadd Wilym. Manoravon. Park le Breos. Waunyscil House. Green Farm. Cardiff Castle. Greenhill. CHAPTEE XVII. 405—426 The Shropshire Herds. Uffington. Adcote. Broom House. Plasyn Grove. Hanley Hall. Garth Hall. Eaton Constantine. Sheriff Hales Manor. Ercall Park. Staffordshire Herds. ElmhurstHall. Ellenhall. SugnallHall. Various Midland Herds. Wroxall. The Outwoods. Cheshire Herds. Clayley Hall. Tabley Grange. Tatton Park. CHAPTEE XVIII. - 426-460 The Lancashire Herds. Lathom House. Springwood. CrostonHall. Limefield House. Livesey. Moreton Hall. Penwortham Priory. Clifton Hill. Scale Hall. South Westmoreland Herds. Arkholme. Wrayton Hall. Underley Hall. Eigmaden Park. Coat Green. Thorn Leigh. Greenhead. Deepthwaite House. Holmescales. Sedgwick. Water Crook. TheLound. Lane Foot. Skelsmergh Hall. Cleabarrow. Lancashire Herds (continued). Colthouse. Hawkshead Hall. Coniston Bank. Low Hall. Grange. Wharton Grange. Holker Hall. BREEDEE'S DIEECTOET - - - Hi. SHORTHORN HEEDS OF ENGLAND CHAPTER I. The Yorkshire Herds. — Wetherby Grange and its Associations. — Moor Park. — SwarcUffe. — Studley. — Carperby. Since the days when the names of the brothers Colling and Mr. Christopher Mason made Durham famous as a cattle breeding County, the honour of producing most of the celebrated short- horns of the past half century has fallen to breeders in the County of Yorkshire, and in a work of this description it is but natural that one of those historical birthplaces of shorthorns, Warlaby or Wetherby, should be the first visited. The quiet town of Wetherby, where the " Great Yorkshire " held its meeting in '68, was our first destination. Being the month of November, it began with the usual dull, quiet day, ending with rain : wending our way over the bridge across the River Wharfe, we arrive at Mr. Taylor's house, and many will know that 'tis but to cross the road and we are on what may be fitly termed the " native heath " of the Duchesses, so far as the present generation of shorthorn breeders are concerned. 2 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENOLA.ND. Let us hark back to tha day when the owner then Mr. Robert G-unter of Earl's Court, made his first start in breeding, and that was on August 21st, 1853, at the great Tortworth sale, where he and Mr. Tanqueray opposed Mr. Thorne and the Agent of Messrs. Becar and Morris so successfully as to lay claim to four out of the eight female Duchesses. The " Usurer " cow and Duchess 70th fell to the new beginner's share at 660 gs. the pair, while Duchess 69th and Oxford llth two of his colleague's purchases, afterwards joined their former stable companions along with 6th Duke of Oxford. In August '57, Earl's Court saw the herd no more, and Wetherby became their home, and it was here that Duchess 77th was born, .the result of the union of 6th Duke of Oxford and Duchess 70th. She proved victorious at Leeds in '61, besides winning 25 other cups and prizes ; until the Royal came to York, in '83 no other of this tribe was exhibited by the owner, and then 9th Duke of Tregunter appeared in the two-year-old class and came away with the Reserve Number. But alas ! the Agents of the French Government had seen and would not be denied. It is a mere matter of history how Duchesses 97, 101, and 103 were bought for Canada by the enterprising Mr. Cochrane, and how Lord Dunmore bought the pair of heifer calves from the two latter fo" 2500 gs., the exact price of the dams the year previous. It is to the Wetherby Duchess that Bates breeders are indebted for the Dukes of Clarence, Claro, Tregunter, Wetherby, and Wharfdale, as well as 7th and 8th Dukes of York. It was the Duchesses that made Wetherby a household word amongst Bates men ; but from time to time other tribes were introduced into the herd, the most fashionable being the Wild Eyes in 1867 by the purchase of Mild Eyes bred by the late Mr. Anthony Maynard. Daffodil, and Darlington 14th bred at Lillingstone Dayrell, and Penryhn Castle, were the foundation of the Darlingtinas, and Ada, a daughter of old America by Marmaduke, claims the Acomb tribe as her descendants ; the principal families in point of numbers are the Blanches and Miss Beverleys of more recent acquisition. SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. O Once more let us retrace our pen to what we saw at Wetherby in November '85 : in the first box were a trio of youthful daughters of Prince Airdrie, the roan from Ddrlingtina 9th being very pretty and of great promise. Christmas Grtvynne, at the Ashton Hall Sale in addition to being remembered by many present for her own good looks, will also be borne in mind for the excellence of her daughters by Prince Saladin, then brought before the public, she came home in calf to him again, and Duke Grwynne, one of the two sires in the herd, was the produce. Waterloo Duchess 5th, from Thicket Priory, a cow with every appearance of general utility, occupies the adjoining stall with Mild Ey-^s 15th, one of the few calves left in England by 8th Duke of Tregunter sold to Mr. Fisher, of Australia. Acombs — No. 12 and 13 — have the end division, both recently calvsd their first-born, the former yields three gallons par diem, and the latter having for her sire Earl of Tregunter of Old Daisy renown, should certainly do as well, if the repute of the sire's family is to be maintained. Winsome 19th — by name a Winsome but not by birth, being in reality a Bright Eyes — a square built cow, bought at the last Holker sale by Mr. Lynd (Col. Gunter's neighbour on the opposite side of the River) had crossed the bridge, leaving a daughter behind to mourn her loss. Age is beginning to tell upon Darling- tina 9th, not too large but an exceedingly nice old cow of fine character the best of the tribe in the herd. E-osalba and her bull- calf by King Rudolf are the latest purchases, the owner speaks of the matron as more Bateslike than any Booth he has ever seen, but the son has quite the character of the rival house, as he persistently runs round his dam it is difficult to get anything like a fair view of him, yet he appeared a straight level calf, good in his thighs, especially well sprung in his ribs, and shoulders well laid, but in touch he is not perfection. Out of a quartette of calves, a red broad backed heifer of the Princess bull's get from Miss Beverley 33rd, is worthv of some attention. 4 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. Crossing to the opposite side of the yard in one of some half- dozen open-fronted boxes here Duchess 119th, the plum of the herd resides, a cow full of shorthorn grace and character with beautiful head and horns, deep full chest, good ribs and shoulders, lengthy even quarters, and not to be omitted is the important fact that she had only been dried a short time previous to our visit, after being in rnilk almost eleven months. Constitution is not lacking in Duchess 119th, and our advice to those who so persistently advocate "direct" outcrosses, is go and see this healthy, vigorous specimen of the Duchesses at Wetherby, the result of many slight admixtures of alien blood ; it may prove of interest to our readers to have them set forth, her sire 2nd Cherry Duke 28170, altho' by^3rd Duke of Wharf dale was from the " Marmaduke " cow, thus bringing in the Gwynne element, a curious fact is that Mr. Bolden's 3rd Grand Duke 16182 is introduced in both the " Cherry " and the 2nd Duke of Harrington's pedigree thro' being the sire of their respective grandams, and with him comes in the Warlaby Farewell blood, thro' 2nd Duke of Bolton 12739, this bull again appears as grandsire of 10th Grand Duke — who in turn got 18th Duke of Oxford, the sire of 2nd Duke of Barrington — on both sides of the house, the dam of the Barrington bull was by 9th Duke of Oxford, a son of Mr. Bolden's Prince Imperial 15095, the great grandsire of H)th Grand Duke. Mild Eyes 8th, one of 5th Duke of Wetherby's daughters, before leaving his birthplace for Holker, was 13 years old on July 24th last, when on a second visit six weeks later, another Mild Eyes — the 12th — had been brought in from the Park and occupied the adjoining box, comparing the two, we preferred the old cow, as in her younger days she must have been a grand specimen of a shorthorn, the younger, a dark roan, is also a good cow, bred at Duncombe Park, she still owns one of the Wetherby Dukes for her sire. Waterloo Duchess 2nd, a true specimen of the tribe, wealthy, heavy fleshed, and of the notorious yellow red and white, has a daugh- ter Waterloo 24th, which has curiously never been found in season, SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 5 so but one end awaits her. Acoinb 10th a level young cow of a lightish roan, occupies the corner division, an accident when young prevents her holding her head straight, nevertheless perfectly healthy she is the mother of an excellent white bull calf. In the next yard we are much charmed with two Blanche bulls, a red and a roan, but darkness intervening an adjournment is made across the river, when a pleasant evening is spent with a late breeder of shorthorns, as one was retained there is hopes of a second herd. In tho morning once more to the Grange Farm, to finish our work, and the Blanche bulls are again viewed, near at hand is Duchess 126th, the lovely white daughter of the home bred Duke Blanche and Duchess 119th, a thick good heifer, with great substance, which in due time will mature into one of the finest cows in the herd. When Prince Airdire 48472, one of the two stock sires is brought out, about as lengthy a straight, strong backed bull stands forth, as ordinary mortals wish to see. In breeding he is an American^? Princess, bred at Thicket Priory, descending from Princess of Oxford 6th, imported by Mr. Geo. Fox. Duke Gwynne 51099, from the grand old cow Christmas Grwynne previously noticed, is of a smaller mould than Prince Airdire, whose duties he shares, but he has time to grow considerably as he is not two years till February, both Prince Saladin and Christmas Grwynne have gained their laurels as sire and dam respectively, so their joint produce should accomplish great things, but how often this fallacy proves the contrary with man and beast. In a calf house filled with representatives of the Foggathorpe, Waterloo, and Wild Eyes tribes, a roan from Geneva Foggathorpe attracts our notice on account of her excellent coat of hair, and perhaps equally so on the ground that the owner has given the Foggathorpe's a home in his large herd, when other breeders are now doing likewise, it is possible that this tribe may again compare favourably in market value to the other minor Kirklurington tribes, as they did in 1850. It is here necessary for shorthorns to do their duty at the pail, and amongst those in milk two of the [Sweetheart family — mother and daughter — appear equal to their share. Darlingtina llth a 6 SHORTHORN HKIU3S OF ENGLAND. bonny daughter of 5th Duke of Clarence and our favourite old white Darlingtina is a bit amiss on the day of our visit. Fair Maid is of the late Mr. Maynard's blood, Ondine of compound mixture but the dam of a very short legged useful yearling bull of great depth, and Blossom 6th, a Bell Bates, more useful than ornamental. Foggathorpe's and Blanches we have also, the latter very numerous at Wetheiby, will be profitable, if they can breed youngsters like the two we saw, the females are numbered consec- utively, and we notice 25 has been regi 'tered in Coates' last edition, a great deal of good can be said of them go where we will, with fair tr<*at- ment, they are large framed fine cattle, with lots of substance. Amongst the after seen young bulls, Duke Waterloo 52798, a red by 9th Duke of Tregunter from Waterloo 23rd a daughter of one of the Thicket Piiory purchases, is of the Bates stamp, with a fine masculine head and horns, he is intended for home use, and it was whispered he might have the chance of a Duchess, let us hope so, as only fifth in descent from Mr. Bates' Waterloo 13th, who had but one Duchess cross in her pedigree and since that date the five bulls that have been added, are all of recognized families, with alien blood in their veins to some extent, tho' in so mild a degree as to act as a tonic without doing harm, in breeding, Duke Waterloo is in the author's opinion, a most suitable " sire " for any Bates tribe that wants fresh blood and especially so since the Waterloo's are taking so prominent a position amongst the Kirklev- ington tribes. When visiting Wetherby the second time, we went to Sweep Farm, a mile distant from the main buildings and here 1 6 young cows and heifers are divided equally in two yards. In No. 1, Waterloo 21st, very pretty, is perhaps the pick of the yard, Mild Eyes 17th, a spotted roan, by the Earl of Tregunter from our favourite the 8th, is not so good as the dam ; a very squarely built good heifer is Blanche 25, worthy of the ancient line she represents, not to be omitted is Fine Maid, a grand-daughter of Milkmaid, that in 74 produced two pairs of twin C. C's, on January 10th and December 9th, all alive. In Xo. 2 yard, reds, and that with a little white, are SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 7 very numerous, they are almost all either Blanches or Miss Beverleys, the two best were a red and a roan of the latter tribe, a few more shorthorns were kept still further away, but as we had seen the general character of the herd we contented ourselves with returning by way of the Park, and seeing where the Duchesses in their palmy days used to roam in summer time, and let us hope that ere many years elapse with the fresh blood introduced, there will be as many numbers of the tribe again in the Park as when the Yorkshire held its meeting at Wetherby in '(38. Harrogate lies not far distant from Wetherby, and when 2\ miles on the Harlow lioad we come to Moor Park, hardly known as the place where a herd of first-class Booth shorthorns exists, but if Mr. H. Williams the owner buys the best lots, as he did at the dispersion of the Acton Burnell and Knowlmere herds, it soon will be. A special feature at Moor Park are the dozen loose boxes recently erected and admirably fitted up in every res pert, if shorthorns won't prosper and multiply in such dwellings, it will be difficult to find any home where they will. The occupant of th^ first box, Queen Anna, a fine looking cow from Mr. Wm. White's, has by her side the first of Prince of Halnaby's get, a roan heifer of considerable promise. Marissa, a red and little white, by Mr. Carr's Baron Stackhouse 30488, one of the last sons of his famous bull breeder, Windsor's Queen, hails from Knowlmere, and is suckling a roan bull calf, born since her change of ownership. In '71, when the first Knowlmere herd came to the hammer, three females of this tribe made just over 300 gs. each, a red heifer calf named Marigold, altho' in the auction list was not offered, and from her sprang the numerous progeny offered last July. Mermaid, a daughter of Marissa by Sir Simeon's half-brother Lord Clarence 45074 — winner of the 1st in his class at the Guild Show at Preston in '82 — a very straight level young cow, especially lengthy and good in her quarters, and standing low to the ground, she pleases our eye more than the dam, and the public evidently appeared of the same mind at Knowlmere, when she rose to be the highest priced of her family. Porest Fern, a ti uly fine specimen of the shorthorn type 8 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. by Mr. John B. Booth's Sir John Ridd 35577, is an illustration ot the good which results from the union of a line bred sire, with cows of mixed pedigree, in fact the same wonderful effect, the first cross of a pedigree bull often shows on non-pedigree stock. Hebe, an ex- ceedingly pretty daughter of that favourite Killerby sire King of Trumps, from Heroine, of almost pure Booth lineage, was the highest priced animal at Sir Charles Smythe's sale, and has bred two heiferi at Moor Park. Purity, also from Acton Burnell, and by another popular Killerby bull Paul Potter, fully maintains the reputation of the Mason blood. Farewell 9th bred by Mr. John Downing, by Mr. Terr's Robert Stephenson, a large framed fine looking cow, came in company with Marissa and her heifer. Not to be omitted is Moun- tain Spirit, bied by Mr. Meade- Waldo, by Lord President from Mountain Dell, a short legged, good fleshed specimen of the Aylesby " M's." The stock sire Prince of Halnaby is a neat and compact bull of excellent quality and beautiful touch, with admirably sprung ribs, good dewlap, great depth of chest and a masculine head, but a slight falling off in his hind quarters diminish a little his perfection in shape, he is a light roan in colour, three years old, bred by Mr. W. Talbot Crosbie, by King David from Princess of Halnaby. Prince Rudolph, also a roan, had not long come from Mr. Welsted's autumn sale, but we hardly think the second purchase from Ireland will prove, even with age, to be the equal of the first, he is by Lord Provost from Royal Rose, of Mr. Maynard's Moss Rose family. Visitors to Harrogate will well know the Nidd Valley Railway, running from that fashionable resort to Pately Bridge at Birstwith, the fourth station, we alight, and Swarcliffe, on the left of this picturesque valley in which are situate the well known Birmham Rocks, is close at hand. Sad to say since our visit the owner of the herd, Mr. F. B. Greenwood, has died very suddenly, so there is but a melancholy satisfaction in reviewing our notes and a letter from Mr. Greenwood, with an interesting statement as to the breeding of pure-bred shorthorns by his family, as the writer justly remarks, there are very few in England who can say that SHORTHORN HERDS OF KNWLAND. 9 shorthorns have been bred by their family for four generations. The deceased owner's great-grandfather, Mr. John Greenwood, (who lived at Keightley), was a partner in business with Mr. Whittaker, of Burley-in- Wharf dale, and, in 1837, his, i.e., Mr. John Greenwood's name appears in vol. v. of the Herd-book as a breeder ; his son Frederick continued the herd, both at Rysworth, near Bingley, and Xorton Conyers, near Ripon ; at his death in 1863, the father of the late owner bought several of the cows, and established the present Swarcliffe herd. Fairy, by Mr. F. H. Fawkes' Humphrey Clinker 13055 proved the most prolific of the '63 purchases, and two families trace to Clorinne and Sibyl, bought at the same time. Revival, from Farnley, is the only more recent acquisition that is represented in the female line. Mr. Greenwood had the advantage of having for his great-uncle the Rev. Thomas Staniforth, who during the past 30 years has continually helped the herd by the use of bulls from Storrs, all the following having been lent by or purchased from him, viz. : — Grindelwald 26323, High Constable 34158, Peer of the Realm 27057, Knight of Windermere 38533, Arbutus 44315, and Heather King 39984. We are fortunate enough in climbing the steep hill leading out of the Nidd Valley to accidentally come across the herdsman, the owner being from home, we are soon looking at the contents of the comfortable looking stone-built buildings and find Mountain Dew, by Knight of the Shire, a grand specimen of Mr. Torr's "M's," with a box to herself, she came from Lord Tankerville's sale, and her son Mountain Boy, a red, by Mr. T. H. Hutchinson's Riby Star, is intended for home use. Foxglove, one of High Constable's daughters, now eleven years old, is a good old sort with excellent dairy properties, her sister Fluellin, by Knight of Windermere, a large massive cow, is especially well ribbed up. Conference, Calais-Douvres, and Cashmere, all trace to " Corinne," the first-named being an excellent breeder and a good dairy cow, as to Cashmere she has not had a calf for twelve months and still kept in milk, so it is evident that the dairy is not the last consideration here. Lady Rainsay, born in February, '80, is the oldest of a family 10 SHORTHORN HKRDS OF ENGLAND. group of three own sisters by Knight of Windermere from Revivalist, a daughter of the cow bought at Earnley, Rebel Queen and Reaction were calved in January and December of the following year, and we consider the " Queen " very rightly named, as she is the best looking of the three and of larger scale than her sisters. Baron, a heavy fleshed, wide topped, level animal of good masculine appearance, is at the head of the herd ; he was bred at AVest Perehain by Sir Benedict, from Castanet 4th, of Mr. Booth's Paine tribe. Amongst the younger stock, Consultation, a lengthy roan calf from Conference is in good bloom and intended for local show yards ; her half-sister and companion a red and white from Rebel Queen traces to Mr. Booth's Young Alexina by Pilot, 49ti, both are the Baron's get, and no discredit to him. Unintentionally we have omitted to notice Lady Laura, a neat roan cow by Mr. T. C. Booth's King Harry, out of Lady Lowndes, purchased at the Holtnscales sale, and before taking our departure to Harrogate, Swiss Lady, a roan heifer by Arbutus, must also have mention as representing the original family of Sibyl. Studley still keeps up its reputation in breeding on the same lines of blood as it did 70 years ago, and from Swarcliffe we went to see Mr. Greo. Teats, now the tenant of this once famous home- stead, the old bull house is still in existence but used for other pur- poses, and so true a lover of the Booth blood as Mr. Yeats, will hardly find it possible to part with those relicts of the past, especially when Royalist, a son of Royal Stuart, and Maraquita is here from. Warlaby. Mr. Yeats' father bred short-horns at Grantley, and after his death the herd was removed to Studley in '52. Every shorthorn on the farm has been bred by Mr. Geo. Yeats with the exception of the stud bull. A large portion of the herd trace to a cow called Moss Rose by Lofty 2217, which has divided itself into three branches, the most numerous having Empress Eugenie by Emperor 12838, for ancestress : with the exception of Windsor Cherry, by Royal Windsor, bred by Mr. R. F. Housman, of Lime Bank, and a short pedigree of Mr. Yeats' own " raising," all the rest of the females descend thro' Moss Rose. Bulls having SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 11 more or less of Booth bloood have always been used by the present owner, and when a cow has gone to Warlaby for service and the produce resulted in a bull, it has been used. Taking the cows we saw in their turn, Clarice, by Mr. Stani- forth's Clarion, is a straight good cow, the dain of several daughters in the herd. Lady Margaret is suckling a strong bull calf, and Villete, by the home-bred Fitz Royal 43230 is doing a couple of calves exceedingly well if appearances must decide, while her half- sister Vensela, is also a good dairy cow ; their dam Verbena died from milk fever. One of the best looking cows is Queen Hatty, by Mr. T. C. Booth's King Harold, and the dam of Eavenlock by another Warlaby bull King David whose term of service is just expiring, and it is sad to see so lengthy a good looking bull destined for the shambles. Queen Anuora, one of the Windsor Cherry sort — from Lune Bank, has a wonderful udder and is the dam of Queen Annie, by Lord Bolton's Preston Lad. We are especially pleased with a pair cf very nice two-year- old heifers, Snow Queen, by the Duke of Northumberland's Snow King from Queen Hatty — and sister to Ravenlock — and Lady Clarence, one of Ravenlock's daughters. The former is our pre- ference, being so well covered over her crops and well sprung in her rib, but for depth of chest she can hardly compete with Lady Clarence, a heifer of nice quality. Calling a second time at Studley, we found Royalist had departed, and Eastern Prince, bred at Alnwick, by Eastern Emperor from Daisy's Pride, of good old Angus blood, reigned in his stead ; a very lengthy bull, well fleshed and with a wonderful back and rib. Three cow calves, all of a uniform red, by Royal James —a son of Master of Arts and Lady James of short but almost pure Booth descent — have arrived since our previous visit at Studley, they are very promising, especially the one from Star of Braithwaite, a cow by Mr. R. S. Bruere's St. Swithin's Star Drop. Royal James is also sire of two more heifers, one from Queen Annora, and the other out of Ravina has now six registered crosses in addition to the seventh ancestress, being described as a '* Prize Dairy Cow.J> 12 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. The name of the owner of the Carperby herd was as familar to frequenters of show yards in the days when the two " Admirals " were in the height of their success, as that of Mr. Handley's during the past seasons ; and it was to pay his herd a visit, that we got out at Aysgarth Station on our way to cross the border into Westmore- land. The Carperby Manor House farm in the occupation of Mr. Thomas Willis Jun., is situated about equal distance between the East and West Coasts, at an elevation of 700 feet above sea level. In the preface to the last private catalogue of the herd, the owners truly remark " it was all important to have a race of animals of great hardihood and strong constitution, to enable them to resist the vigour of the climate and lay on heavy flesh, with the ordinary food of the farm." Mr. Thos. Willis, Sen., the founder of the herd and Wensleydale flock, now in his 95th year, resides with his son, and altho' long retired from active life must have had great satisfaction and pleasure in seeing the building up of the herd, which under the management of him and his son, have produced such animals as Bride of Windsor, Rose of Lucknow, Royal Windsor, and Vice Admiral and his brother. The first pedigree cow at Carpsrby was Dewdrop. purchased by Mr. AVillis, Sen., at Mr. Claridge's sale at Jerveaux Abbey in the year 1838. in the days of the present owners' boyhood, being his first shorthorn sale, and when he contracted that admiration of the breed which he has since so successfully manipulated. Between 1838 and 1850 all the females were brought, from which the herd now descends, Star and her daughter Swinton Rose, were purchased piivately from Capt. Harcoutt, of Swinton Park, about 1842, from whom also came Venus by Symmetry 5384, both Star and Venus were from a cow by Fitz Champion, whose dam was by Young Snowball, so in the last catalogue the descendants of the two Swinton cows are classed as members of one family, as shown above the sires were the same, if not the dams also ; Brittania was bred by Mr. John Ewbank, of Nutwith Cote, and from her oome the Lily's ; Fanny, of Mr. John Ceiling's Rachel tribe, purchased for £18 as doubtful at Mr. C. Topham's sale, proved a baigain, as taking to breeding after SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 13 changing her owner she continued until she was sixteen, and from her have heen bred the two Admirals, and lastly the Maid of Masham tribe, bred at Carperby, from the cow of that name, who was from the stock of Mr. Carter, of Sutton. The first shorthorn bull purchased by Mr. Willis, was Wilbeiforce 9830, bred by the late Mr. Samuel Wiley of Bransby, from the same dam as his Lady Chandos, the gold medal cow at Smithfield,hewas principally of Mason blood and proved a most useful sire, his stock being excellent milkers. His successors were the celebrated Frederick and Gripsy King 11532, both from Townley, the former on hire for a short period, and the latter a purchase, was afterwards exchanged with Col. Townley for G-avazzi 11508, bred by Mr. S. E. Bolden, of Hyning, a son of Leonidas and from a cow by Benedict, two bulls bred by Mr. Rd. Booth, since that time male animals either pure Booth or inheriting largely of that blood have been used in the following order : in 1858 King Alfred 16334, a son of Crown Prince, and Venus Victrix, was hired from Warlaby, and the year following his half-brother Lord of the Valley succeeded him, and First Fruits, Fitz Clarence (a son of the Crown Prince cow Nectarine Blossom), and Sir Colin of the Isabella tribe with a double cross of Crown Prince, also were all hired from Mr. Booth. Lord Frederick a home-bred bull by Lord of the Valley and Fanny's daughter Cottage Girl by Frederick, did good service in the herd until Windsor Fitz Windsor was purchased as a calf from Mr. W. Carr, a wonderfully impressive sire that may almost be said to have been the making of the Carperby herd, the new purchase was not less full of Crown Prince's blood than the bulls hired direct from Mr. Booth, as his sire, Imperial Windsor, and dam, Windsor's Queen, were both by Windsor — Crown Prince's son — again more of this celebrated bull's blood was introduced by hiring Windsor's Prince, bred at Stackhouse out of Windsor's Queen, from Mr. T. Lace in 1871, and used to the Windsor Fitz Windsor heifers, after the hiring of K. C. B. from Killerby several home-bred bulls have been tried, but Warlaby has again been 14 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. resorted to during the last two years and Eastern Emperor, King Otho, Prince Albert Victor, and Lord Protector have all been hired. Vice Admiral at present the head of the herd retains that great evenness of flesh and trueness of form which carried him so victorious thro' his distinguished show yard career, in 1881 the last year he was shown before being taken into the herd as stud bull he was exhibited seven times at the leading shows in the kingdom when seven first and the same number of champion prizes were awarded him, since then he has been used conjointly with home sires and more recently the Warlaby bulls above mentioned. Vanderbilt, a grand roan seven months old, son of Eastern Emperor and Ruby Eose is coming on for next season's use. The most numerous are the Eose family which muster strongly, Diamond Necklace the only cow left in the herd by Mr. Bruere's Vesper bull Booth's Royal Seal being the matron of a tribe over twenty in number. Eose of Summer and Eose of Spring two good looking own sisters are by Major Windsor from Eose Clarence, a cow that had 16 calves at single births, the last being born when approaching her 19th year, which was afterwards sold to Messrs. Torrome, Son & Co., for exportation at a good figure. Euby Eose, a red and white by Abbot of Windsor 32903 is a grand-daughter of Eose of Lucknow, the Gold Medal cow at Birmingham in 1868, and as she is the dam of the future head of the herd we will quote her description from a well known writer's report twelve months previous in which he says : — " Just the cow to breed a bull having all the more massive properties of the beef making short-horn with feminine refinement." Her daughter Eose of the Hour, by Wind- sor Benedict, is near calving, but hardly equal to the dam in merit. Welcome Eose with a double cross of Windsor Eitz Windsor has two daughters Eose Eitz Halnaby and Eose Mundi, by Mr. Talbot Crosbie's Lothian Fitz Halnaby 45180, for some short time used in the vale by Lord Bolton ; the sisters were in an outlying pasture looking well despite the showers of sleet suggestive of winter quarters which came unpleasantly sweeping across the valley, showing that constitution is necessary for whatever class of stock is SHORTHORN HERD9 OF ENGLAND. 15 kept in a climate like Wensleydale ; the best of the three heifers Mr. Willis has by Mr. Oosbie's bull is Silver Bracelet, from Bracelet by Vice Admiral which was in company with her half- sisters and Grulie Colling. Mr. Topham's cow Fanny has seven descen- dants known as Colling's Rachel tribe; Maria Colling, a red and white unites the two branches being directly descended from Fanny, and indirectly of the Kuth branch thro' Royal Alfred, a son of King Alfred and Ruth llth : she has a sweet roan heifer calf by Eastern Emperor as well as Gulie Colling by Windsor Benedict 40933. Ethel Colling a very handsome roan five-year-old by Major Windsor, is own brother to Windsor's Viceroy sold to the French Government, and herself one of the best in the herd. The Lily tribe tracing to Mr. Ewbank's Britannia can boa.«t of having in the past produced Royal Windsor and is now well represented by Bridal Lily a dark roan substantial cow very even in her top and bottom lines ; one of her sons has already gone forth to improve the cattle on the South American plains. As to the fourth and last tribe — the Maid of Masham — it certainly has one of the wealthiest if not the best cow in the whole herd at the head of it, namely Bashful Bride by K. C. B., from Blushing Bride, the dam of Bride of Windsor shown in the extra stock class at Smithfield in 1875, where she literally cleared the decks, winning everything she was allowed to compete for. For this beautiful cow Mr. Willis had a most tempting offer from the Agents of the French Government, but having no female produce he decided to retain her and is rewarded by a daughter and a grand-daughter. 1G SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. CHAPTEE II. North Westmoreland Herds. — Ttarenstonedah. — Wharton Hall. — Eden Bank. — Kaber Fold. — Hall Garth. — Eden Grove. — Culqaith. — North Yorkshire Herds. — Bolton Hall. — The Manor House. — Bainesse. — Killerby. — Hartforth. One of the best judges of cattle in the North of England was Mr. Anthony Met calf e, more recently known as Mr.Metcalfe-Gibson, and the herd of shorthorns collected by him in Raven stonedale, and now the property of his son are well worth a visit from anyone staying in North Westmoreland. The present Mr. A. Metcalfe- Gibson has some beautiful animals to continue breeding with at the old place, and by the selection of a sire for the herd since our visit, it is evident personal merit is to reign supreme and not pedigree only in Ravenstonedale, as Royal Arthur has been purchased from the prize taking herd of Mr. W. Handley, he is a son of Royal Ingram 50374, from Derwent Queen 2nd by Sir Arthur Ingram 32490, a cow tracing thro' the late Mr. T. E. Pawlett's hands to Mr. Jolly's herd, with a large amount of Booth blood in her veins : Mr. Metcalfe-Gibson considered him the pick of the G-reenhead young bulls, so when the three others passed over are seen by the public in future show yards, some idea of the merits of Royal Arthur may be obtained. Mr. Metcalfe-Gibson has erected in connection with stabling some warm comfortable looking buildings close to his residence, so it is to these we go first, and find Weal Charity, from Hopton Hall, has turned out a capital purchase, bringing a calf every year, including the best heifer in the herd, and besides being a nice animal, is good at the pail ; Wave Song, from Mr. Meade- Waldo's, in addition to being of the same colour as Weal Charity, has the same number of Booth crosses upon the 4th Duke of Northumberland cow. Likewise of Aylesby origin SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 17 is Flower of the Solicit, a straight topped cow, from a daughter of Mr. Torr's favourite; Breast Plate, it is to be hoped she will lay the foundation of a family in this herd. On the opposite side of the yard are the young heifers, Blooming Butterfly, a very thick roan calf was bought at Mr. Toppin's sale, and the Gr's and Ws are both represented in the rising generation. Then across to the buildings at Park House, where Booth Banner, a home bred son of Prince Regent, and Miss Rose, having been in use with the herd since Royal Brilliant's departure, is now in preparation for the shambles. In turn the two grand show cows, Princess Alice, and Princess Louise, are brought out for inspection, the opinions of judges have differed as to their merits when in the ring, but our choice is Louise, a cow of greater length than her Royal half-sister, whose magnificent dewlap almost sweeps the ground as she parades before us, her touch is beautifully mellow, and she stands on the shortest of legs ; these two fine cows are from dams of mixed pedigree, by Mr. John B. Booth's Prince Regent 29676, a bull that left a wonderful impression on his progeny ; after their purchase at the East Mill Hills sale, the late Mr. Metcalfe- Gibson bought from her breeder Mr. Lambert, Princess Helena, Princess Louise's daughter by another Hecuba bull, but of Mr. A. H. Browne's breeding, the double dose has had no disastrous effect, the daughter having already been successful in standing 2nd at the Durham County, and if she wins as many prizes as the dam has done, her owner will have no reason to be dissatisfied, some five and thirty having fallen to the elder dame's share. Easthorpe Lady, and Easthorpe Duchess, half-sisters by Sir Simeon, one bought at West Dereham, and the other, home bred, are strong, good looking cattle, suitable for the climate, the latter especially soft in her touch. A heifer of an entirely different type to the last is Weal Faith, the best of Royal Brilliant's get, and our favourite heifer, she is wonderfully true in both her top and bottom lines, with quarters square and well filled, in fact a sweet pretty heifer all round, and we doubt not if she retains her present evenness IS SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. of form, that in the future she will be conspicuous in the prize list, at locil shows she has already triumphed. A red and white, every inch a shorthorn, comes out from the shippon, winner of 1st at one of the Christmas Fat shows, and without recorded descent, she is now safe in calf, and Mr. Metcalfe -Gibson intending to breed from her is endeavouring to trace her ancestors, there can 1*3 no question they must have been animals of merit, and here we have an instance of the good shorthorn bulls do to the general stock of a country, when we gaze upon the magnificent frame of this at present non- pedigree cow. Queen Anne, a grand-daughter of Mr. W. Mitchell's Queen Booth, is of the favourite old Rosamond family. Golden Rose, and Easthorpe Strawberry 9th, two co\vs of good appearance, we must not omit to mention ere we hurry away to catch our train. On our arrival at Kirkby Stephen, being within 10 minutes walk of AVharton Hall, we avail ourselves of the opportunity to see Mr. A. 0. Dent's shorthorns, despite the fact of it being market day, and the probability of the owner being in the town. On coming to the ancient Hall, formerly the seat of the Lords of Wharton, we find such to be the case, but a son keen on shorthorns kindly acts as guide. The pedigree portion of the herd, never very numerous, we learn has met with bad luck, and a number of females have been drafted as graziers of late years, until they are reduced to a good half dozen, our first interview is with Lady Lucidora, quite a heroine in local show yards, when exhibited, having come out victorious seven times, she is a daughter of British Queen, by British Crown, a cow which came from Mr. Heugh's of Northallerton. Baron Bolton 2nd, the sire in general use for the farm stock, is a very lengthy bull, possessing a grand flank, with loins well covered, and comes from the prize winning family of Laurestinas, well known in this and the adjoining County. A red and white bull calf the produce of the last two animals, has a somewhat feminine head, but a rare good flank, and loins like the sire. Lady G-odiva, by Mr. John B. Booth's Prince Regent, a great grand-daughter of British Queen, is not four years old till the sixth of next month, yet has the credit of a couple of calves, and giving 10 quarts per diem for six weeks after calving, her teats SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 19 we notice are well set always a great improvement to a heavy milker. Mr. P. H. Rowland son who is another lover of shorthorns in this cattle breeding district, has bis farm buildings situate near the River Eden on the outskirts of the town, in close proximity to his business premises so that he can exercise a watchful eye over both at the same time. The herd although not reaching double figures in number, contains females of good blood, notably six of so good a sort as the Certaintys of Brawith fame, May Queen, by Mr. T. E. Pawlett's Ranger, and a great grand-daughter of White Certainty, by Mr. Ben Wilson's Squire 2nd 13778, would head a higher bred family than the old Certaintys with credit. May Pride, and May Blossom, are own sisters of '81 and '82, by Julius 41734, out of May Queen : from the former, Mr. Rowlandson has an excellent roan bull calf, by Wild Monarch, as well as a promising two year old by the Earl of Lathoin's Wild Prince 15th; May Bud, and May Queen 2nd, are yearlings from the old cow, and the younger daughter, by bulls of the Lauristina tribe. Comely Cressida 2nd, a pretty red calf of the Cressida family, is by that excellent stock getter Beau Benedict. Two choicely bred heifers, Lady Booth 13th, and Queen of the Meadow, by the Warlaby Royal Sceptre, the former virtually pure Booth, and the latter a Rosamond, have since been purchased at the dispersion of the Cleasby herd. Carhullan, bred by Mr. A. Metcalfe-Gribson, by Royal Brilliant from his show cow Piincess Louise is coming on for service, if Mr. Rowlandson judiciously crosses the four families he now has, in a few years he should get together a nice little herd sufficient to be a pleasure, and yet not a toil in his leisure hours. To the north of Kirkby Stephen lies the village of Brough, associated in many North Country minds with the annual autumn Brough Hill horse fair, and betwixt the two is Kaber Fold, where shorthorns of Booth blood have been bred by Mr. Win. Dent since he first made a purchase at the Stores sale in September, 1 870, followed in '71, by Susan, bred at Sheriff Hutton, of the Souerby family v^hich Mr. Linton originally bought at Warlaby. she was purchased when 20 SHORTHORN HKRDS OF ENGLAXD. 14 years old at Mr. Neasham's sale near Darlington, after breeding three heifers and a bull, she was sent to the butcher in her 20th year ; at present nineteen of the female portion of the herd descend from her. In the spring of '76 Lady Blush, tracing to Ophelia, by Mr. John Booth's Hamlet 8126, was purchased from Mr. Mitchell, of Cleasby, and there are nine females of the family now at Kaber Fold. Susan, and Lady Blush, were both thick, short legged cows, with good udders, the greater part of the herd is now descended from them, and we are told that the pedigree shorthorns here kept as ordinary stock, are found to pay better than non-pedigree cattle. This is surely encouragement in the midst of the depression, it would be even more so, if the readers of this work could see the district on a winter's day. The sires used in the herd, always of Booth blood, have been highly bred and from some excellent cows, Warlaby 32792, bred by Mr. Unthank, being from St. Crispin 2nd. Earl of Sheffield 33812, a son of Queen of the Georgians, Champion cow at the Liverpool Royal, was followed by Prince Rupert 45417, another Georgie bull of Mr. Ackers's from the Killerby Patience Heatherstone. The sire now in use is Rose-Noble, 48605, a squarely made, short legged bull, which was purchased from the Rev. Thos. Staniforth, he is a grand- son of White Rose, bred at Warlaby, and sold at Millbeckstock for 300 guineas, on her return from Canada. Since our visit the young Hecuba bull, King Acorn 53052, bred at Grimston Park, has been purchased to succeed Rose-Noble. Welcome, one of old Susan's daughters, by Warlaby, is a big fine cow, being turned into beef, her daughter Welcome's Queen, by Earl of Sheffield, has not the great size of the dam : Hannah's Queen, in addition to being full sister in blood to Welcome's Queen, was born on the same day, and they are a pair of very useful, general purpose cows. Lady Manfred, a white by Manfred Booth, and Lady Regent, by Mr. John Booth's Prince Regent, are daughters of Lady Blush, and the latter a fine cow of the Booth type ; the Lady Booths of shorter and strictly more pure descent also originated from Cleasby, SHORTHORN HERJ)S OF ENGLAND. 21 but cam a to Kaber Fold from Eden Bank, they are only represented in the female line at present by a heifer unseen at an off farm, with some others chiefly Prince Rupert's stock, which unfortunately limited time to catch a train, would not allow of a visit, but Mr. Dent confidently asserts that the heifers by this bull are in advance of his cows. Lord Rupert, the male specimen of the Lady Booths, is full of hair and quality, but in rather low condition. Bertha, a Prince Rupert heifer, coming from Sweetmeat, by Mr. Booth's King Richard, is of an Irish branch of the Medoras, obtained from Mr. D. Nesham's sale at Gainford Hall in 77. The first calves born to Rose-Noble at Kaber Fold, were a pair of twin C.C's, out of Susette, a granddaughter of Susan, thiough Susannah, by General Windsor 28701, these like the other calves will have to be content with skim milk on which they are always reared at Kaber Fold, as butter is an important item, in the saleable produce of these high lying farms. Hall Garth, about the same distance from Kirkby Stephen as Kaber Fold, now in the occupation of Messrs. \V. and T. Taylor, was entered upon by their father, the late Mr. Thomas Taylor in the year 1866, with a lot of good dairy cows, and by being particular in selecting sires of good shape and form, the result are now some very fine shorthorn like dairy cows with every appearance for milk, some are not yet eligible for Coates', but as the different crosses are duly noted they will shortly be able to appear in that valuable record. Amongst the sires used at Hall Garth have been Lord of Keisley 34620, King of Sky Garth 40059, Monarch 34867, Lord Edgar 41854, (a son of Lady Deans), Prime Minister 2nd 43777, (by Mr. W. Linton's Major Irwin), Prince Eden 46887, (another son of Lady Deans's), and recently Prince Oxford, Prince of Nunwick, and Prince Arthur, all sons of Lady of Nunwick 2nd. The late Mr. Taylor in addition to purchasing good bulls occasionally bought females, amongst which Lady Deans, and Lady of Nunwick, from Mr. John Lamb's sale of Burrell Green, have bred most successfully, "2'2 SHORTHORN HKRDS OF ENGLAND. by sending them to good bulls they have furnished several very useful sires for the herd. Lady of Nunwick bred Lady of Nun \viek 2nd, by Col. Townley's Hubback Junior: this cow with her three sons, Prince Oxford, Prince of Nunwick, and Piince Arthur, were placed Reserve in the family class at the P.oston Ro)al. Prince of Nunwick, considered one of the handsomest bulls of his year in England, was shortly afterwards sold at a good figure to go to South America, while the oldest son, Prince Oxford, by Lord Moreton's Prince Louis, has been largely used at home, in addition to being exhibited successfully at the shows, in fact the numerous array of piixe cards and cups at Hall Garth testify not only to the excellence of the cattle by winning in family groups but to the farming generally. Lady Deans, fiom Effy Deans, of the old Daisy tribe, is down calving, and the dam of Lady Deans 2nd, a very promising yearling, by Prince Oxford. Prince of Hall Garth, another s>on of Prince Oxford, unfortunately without the the requisite five crosses, is a wonderfully well made handsome yearling bull, and with an almost unbeaten record. When Mr. W. Graham began breeding shorthorns at Eden Grove near the Village of Bolton, he went in April '77 to the dispersion of Mr. John Lamb's extensive herd at Burrell Green, in the adjoining County, when Laurestina by Edgar (the dam of Ignoramus, 1st prize bull at the Royal and Highland Society's Shows in 1872, and afterwards sold for 500 gs.), and her pioduce were to be dispersed ; the old cow was withdrawn, Laurestinas 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 6th, all fell to Mr. Graham's bids, at an average of 98 gs. apiece, the whole family eight in number making =£90 all round. Mr. S. P. Poster, of Killhow, bought the 5th and 7th, and a Mr. Carter the 8th ; eventually they were all transferred to Eden m Grove. Laurestina 2nd won the Challenge Cup at Milnthorpa and Carlisle in '77 and '78 as the best female in the two Counties, and finished by winning at Carlisle in '84 for the best fat cow, in a class open to all breeds, and her sister, Laurestina 3rd, concluded her career still more creditably by being 2nd at Smithfield in 79. At present the Laurestinas are fifteen in SIIORTHOEN HERDS OE ENGLAND. 23 number, of which six are by Gay Baronet, exclusive of the bulls now named Baron Boltons, formerly Lord Boltons. Laurestina 5th, and Laurestina 8th, by Col. Townley's Hubback Junior, and the Holker Baron Winsome, are all that remain of the Burrell Green animals, the Uth, very thin, with a well filled udder giving 18 quarts per day at present, and the whole family the owner informs us milk heavily, many giving over 40-lbs of milk in a day after calving. The llth, and 14th, by Lord Ormskirk Gwynne, are rather high at the tail, but with the present sire in use this will be remedied in the next generation. Four heifers are this year's produce, of the 18th and 19th, straight good calves, by Gay Baronet, the former is especially good, and if she goes on favourably may once more bring the Laurestinas to the front. Catherine Gwynne, from Mr. Caddy's AVild Eyes Gwynne 3rd, is a robust good constitutioned cow very suitable for the climate, her companion Strawberry Duchess llth, one of the old Trontbeck Strawberries, bred at West Dereham, is a handsome cow, and the best in the herd. Gwynne Gwynne, so called on account of the double Gwynne cross, being by Lord Ormskirk Gwynne, out of Catherine Gwynne, is a nice heifer, noticeable for her neat well laid shoulders, she is also up at North End Farm with her mother and the Strawberry cow. Gay Baronet, bred at Alnwick, is a very lengthy, level, hand- some, well made roan bull, standing well, with remarkable good loin and forequarters, likely for doing Mr. Graham good service, he is by Eastern Emperor, from Gaiety 3rd, the well known cow sold at Broomley for 255 gs. to Mr. Jacob Wilson for Lord Tankerville, and afterwards at the Chillingham sale, to the agent of the Duke of Northumberland, and winner of many prizes at the Royal, Highland, Yorkshire, and Northumberland shows. Purchases have been made at Mr. Ackers' sale of Flower of Prinknash 3rd, and Lily of Grenaby, also a well bred heifer Lady Sceptre at Mr. Mitchell's. Winding across the Valley of the Eden from Eden Grove, we come to Culgaith, where Mr. C. R. Saunders, whose name was so woll known in connection with the Nun wick Hall hoid was born, 24 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. here Mr. John Strong came to farm five and twenty years ago under Mr. Saunders, and thus had the use of the Nun wick bulls, which are found in most of his pedigrees, like many another herd in Cumberland and Westmoreland, these pedigrees are the results of careful records of the sires from good dairy cows until they became eligible, and it may be added that every animal on the farm has now the requisite five crosses. At the sale of the Culgaith estate to Mr. E. Parker, his nephew Mr. Francis Parker, of Acorn Bank, purchased Pure Gold, champion bull at the County show, from Mr. Greo. Ashburner for the use of the tenants. Mr. Strong has since gone in for sires on his own account, and bought Earl of Doune, followed by Dainty Duke 4th, both sons of 22nd Duke of Oxford, and highly bred dams of the Duchess Nancy family, from Mr. Poster of Killhow : and Lord Elderbeck 2nd, is the present head of the herd, born in April, 1883, he was bred at Underley, by Prince Saladin 4th, a grandson of Lord Bective's favourite cow Lady Sale of Putney, and traces to Eed Eose of Eskdale, imported into this country from Mr. Abe Renick's in Kentucky, he is a very useful bull with a capital brisket, rare good loin, and a pair of well fleshed thighs. Mr. Strong won the cup for the best general farm stock at the Penrith Show in 1881, and the prize for the best ten animals, other honours have been won including a Royal second at Carlisle. Princess Louise, fifteen years old last month, is from an Edgar cow by Mr. Hesketh's Lord L-eutenant, who was by Earl of Eglinton — he and the famous Edgar were out of half sisters — with so much of this bull's blood in her veins no wonder that she should breed well, but unfortunately has only had three heifers ; Duke of Edinburgh, her son by Pure G-old, was sold for 120 gs. to Mr. J. W. Askew. Kirklevington Princess, her oldest daughter by Lord Bective's Duke of Kirklevington, stands in the same stall, and is almost as good looking as her dam, whose head and horns we much admired, likewise she has been a great bull breeder, Prince Louis, her son in '80, went to M. Maximo de Elia's in South America. Another good cow is Wild Grirl 2nd, by the prize bull S1KVRTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 25 Pure Gold, out of Wild Girl, by the Nimwick Wild Boy, beyond this there are but two registered crosses, one of which is Mr. Bolden's General Hay nan 11520, a son of Mr. Booth's Leonidas, while Princess Louise bayond the Edgar cow has the same number with the addition of a son of the celebrated Eden 3689, followed by Lord de Roos 4254. The Baroness' are strongly represented in this shippon having White Baroness 2nd, sister to Goldsmith, second at the Carlisle Royal, her daughter White Baroness 3rd, and Duchess of Dentsdale, by a Darlington bull from White Baroness, this last a level good cow, is considered the best in the herd. All the younger stock are by Dainty Duke 4th with the exception of a red Waterloo heifer, full of hair, of the " Speculator " branch, bred by Mr. Richardson, by the Duke of Devonshire's 36th Duke of Oxford, and she is the only pedigree animal, except Lord Elderbeck 2nd, not bred by Mr. Strong on the premises. Included amongst the younger cattle are Duchess of Dentsdale 2nd, a roan from Duchess of Dentsdale, and Princess Louise's two last daughters, a white, and roan, born in her 13th and 14th years. Out of four useful young bulls our choice is a roan from Wild Girl 3rd. Passing once more from Westmoreland into Yorkshire, by the same useful line of railway running from Hawes Junction to North allerton, we halt this time at Wensley Station ; down in the vale lies Bolton Hall, the seat of Lord Bolton, snugly situate from the wintry blasts. Mr. Blair meeting us at the station, and learning some of the heifers are at Westfield, about a quarter of a mile distant in an opposite direction to the Home Farm, we direct our steps towards that homestead. Before we notice any of the animals individually, some few notes on the herd are desirable, the first bull used by Lord Bolton was Mario, bred by his neighbour, Mr. C. Topham, of Middleham in 1852, a son of the Silky Laddie, so familiar in Mr. R. S. Bruere's pedigrees, from a cow by Mr. Booth's Eitz Leonard, this bull is the foundation cross in the tribe known in the herd as Prestonias, which have been " raised " at Bolton Hall. Mario was followed by Day Star 12686, bred by another neighbour, this time none other than 20 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. Mr. Bruere, and fiom Vesper. Miueralist, was bied by Lord Bolton, l)y Mr. Booth's Lord of the Valley, fiom Mary, put chased at the sale of Mr. liobson of Holtby. Mai inion, calved in 17, by Loid Blithe, from Melissa, \vas one of the very few bulls sold by the late Mr. T. C. Booth to a breeder in this country. These sires are the first four consecutive crosses in the Prestonia pedigree, and theie are no\v exactly the same number of the tiibe in the herd, the 5th, by Mr. Ay liner's Heir-at- Law, a grand-daughter of the 1st by Maunion, is about closing her career on the shambles, and will leave two daughters, the Oth, and the 12th, the former is by Mr. Willis' Windsor Benedict, and the younger by Mark Tapley, who is also the sire of a white calf from the older sister. In 1 868, Kussie, by Brig.ide Major, was bought privately from Killeiby. along with her half-sister Monitress, and Viscountess, by Valasco. The Kussies are now only represented by two sisters, the 8th, a rare good three-year-old by Lothian Fitz Halnaby, from the 4th, which we found in a building near Mr. Blair's house, the Oth a light roan, by Mr. rlutchinson's Riby Star, occupying the same stall, has not the size of the older sister. Viscountess, had only three registered crosses of shorthorn blood, the like as Kussie, with this ex- ception that the latter were pure Booth, and Viscountess's third cross was a bull Maximus, bred by Mr. Batty. Out of three females, Vensela 1st, by the Carperby Vice Admiral was away at the York Fat Show, so the breeding portion is limited to the same as the Kussies, with a two and a three year old as the hopes of the family, both are at the West field homestead. Monitress's daughter. Pallas, by K. C. B., had Pales, to Booth's Royal Signet, she in turn had amongst others two daughters, Persephone, and Perseis, which are now founding two branches of the family by merely adding numbers to each name, both are living, Persephone, the elder, is a thick good cow, not very large, the dam of two heifers by Lothian Fitz Halnaby and Riby Star, the younger, Persephone 4th, is an uncommonly sweet straight heifer. Perseis, by Mr. Ay liner's Heir- at-Law is a heavy fleshed short legged cow, with two heifers in the herd, the younger Perseis 2nd, a red, by Mark Tapley, we consider the SIIORTHuJtN HERDS Ol1 ENGLAND. 27 pick of four yearlings running in one of the paddocks behind the Hall. Polyxena, a third daughter of Pales, but by Royal Stuart, is a beautiful fronted young cow, unfortunately not in a breeding state. At the sale of Mr. Eutson, of Newby Wiske, in the spring of 1868, Shepheidess, by Stonegrave 27575, was bought, and from her three daughters. Serenity, Simplicity, and Simpleness, all the offsprings of Warlaby bulls, the tribe has sub-divided itself into three branches, the last named is most numeious, and possesses three good sisters in the number. Sprightliness 1st, a wealthy red and white, by Windsor Benedict, is the best of the heifers first seen at Westfield, Sprightliness 2nd, her own sister, is a lengthy heifer, with neat well laid shoulders, and a very broad good chest, and the youngest of the three, by Mark Tapley, is also much admired. Serenity 1st, an Heir-at-Law cow, is the oldest of another branch, her daughter No. 2, by Mr. Crosbie's bull, but three years old last February has two daughters to her credit, and is again heavy in-calf. The roan Simplicity 7th, is the sole representative of Shepherdess's daughter, Simplicity. The last, of the families at Bolton Hall are the Eose of Wensleys. tracing to Young Wildair by Wonderful 700, the dam of Wild Eyes, whose descendants have reached such high prices, another daughter Fidget, by Mr. Eowlandson's Newton 4567, proved the starting point of the Eose of Wensleys, and Eose of the Hills, by Mr. T. C. Booth's Manfred, had Eose of Wensley, to Heir-at-Law, a straight good cow, the mother of No's 1, 2, and 3; Lothian Fitz Halnaby, the sire of the oldest, was by Eoyal Halnaby, from a Medora cow, bied at Artfert, he was the predecessor of Mark Tapley, now at Bolton Hall, a roan, by Eoyal Mowbray, out of Madeline, of the Aylesby " M " tribe, he is a bull of good substance, and was purchased at one of the Bally waiter October sales. We learn that Nonesuch 51790, a very handsome son of King of Trumps, and Dame Mischief, of Mr. Carr's branch of the Farewell tribe, has been since purchased for the herd. If a man is to be judged in breeding pure bred stock by his ultimate success, then amongst that large body of tenant farmers, the very backbone of old England, there is no one who has been 28 SHORTHORN HERDS OF KNGLA.ND. a more successful all round exhibitor than Mr. Teasdale H. Hutchinson, let it be cattle, sheep, pigs, or horses, all are good of their breed on the Manor House Farm, and as to the style of cropping and farming generally carried on by Mr. Hutchinson, the Royal Agricultural Society's Journal, Vol. 19, p. 555, will inform them, as in 1883 he obtained their first prize for the best managed arable farm in Yorkshire. The late Mr. Hutchinson bought a cow named Lady Burton by Vesuvius 5589, in the neighbourhood of Constable Burton about thirty years ago, put to Baron "Warlaby, Lady of the Manor was the result, being in the immediate neighbourhood of Killerby, Mr. Hutchinson had the use of good bulls, and finally hired British Lion, and M. C. of the Hecuba tribe as well as Merry Monarch from that herd, these sires addsd to Lady of the Manor's pedigree produced Lady Playful, and Lady Alicia, both winners at the Royal. This family is by far the most largely represented in the herd, being fifteen in number, including as it does both Lady Pamela, and Lady Golightly, afterwards pronounced at Norwich the best in their respective classes, it may be said to be first in merit also. Lady Pately, now ten years old, the dam of Lady Pamela and Lady Primula, the latter sold to South America at a high figure, is suckling what our notes briefly describe as a " nice straight red and white B. C , by Riby Star," amply verified by his taking first at the Yorkshire Meeting at Sheffield. Lady Golightly, and Victoria Formosa, have a home in the same building, as the latter is the only daughter left at Catterick of Victoria Frigida of Lady Pigot's famous branch of the Mantalini's, we must give her preference, she is a heifer of nice character, good quality, but lacking in the size necessary to carry away the blue ribbon of her class before every set of judges. Lady Golightly, is a very sweet heifer, even and good all over, especially so in her rib and loin, while her well filled flank must not be omitted special notice. Lady Gray, the dam of Lady Golightly, is close at hand, she has only been exhibited twice, and on each occasion was placed second, once to Lady Pamela at the Ripon and Harrogate Show, and in the family class at Preston to Ingle wood Pet and her SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 129 progeny. Xext we have her younger own sister Lady Greta, a large framed fine cow, the dam of Lady Genista, by the Bliss bull Lord Provost. Lady Pamela has a box to herself \\ ith the red and white cow calf, which was a great satisfaction to the owner on its arrival after the dam's evident rejection in the cow class at Selby on account of her high condition, yet it was a feather in the cap of any breeder when such a cow was so apparently put on one side to have a second in reserve (Glad Tidings), wherewith to win in the same class, and afterwards the Champion for the best female, so much has been written of the wonderful amount of flesh this cow carries in a breeding state, that if we say she has as much as ever it will be sufficient for those who have seen her, and for those who have not, she requires to be seen to be appreciated, now she has brought a live calf the conditions for the Royal have been fulfilled, and her owner intends her to be victorious, we are informed that both she and Glad Tidings had precisely the same feeding last season, and it is but the natural inclination to put on flesh that has made Lady Pamela a living wonder for a breeding cow. In the Shippon are Lady Laura, by British Lion, fast approaching her 13th year, a remarkably nice old cow. who has bred regularly, and is in calf again. Before passing on to the next family we must mention two other animals, Lady Lena, from Lady Laura, and Lady Adela, a red, by Knight of Kars — 1st prize calf at Carlisle Royal — from Lady Ada, a grand-daughter of Lady Alicia, second at Taunton. A few shorthorns, comprising the entire stock of the Hon. Mrs. Beresford Pierce, were sold at Aiskew Farm, near Bedale, on the 8th of April, 1870, some of the animals were from Mr. B. Wilson's and Mr. Linton's stocks, Gerty, by Vain Hope, and her C. C. by Knight of the Shire, bred from the former, realized 58gs. to Mr. Hutchinson, when purchased she was again in calf to the Warlaby bull, and the produce Gerty 3rd, in due time had Grateful, (herself a prize taker at the R/oyal and dam of Gainful, Champion heifer at the Inter- national at Kilburn) and Gratification to M. C., the latter bred the sisters Gratia, and Glad Tidings, champion females at the Royal at Derby, and the Yorkshire at Selby, and not only these but three 30 SHORTHORN HKRDS OF KXOLAND. others, still but ten years old, there are hopes of more arriving. Good Tidings, the youngest of the sisters is in company with Q-leribra, the only femile produce left by Gratia, and very pretty she is. Glad Tidings, by Master of Arts, is considered by some judges to be more than the equal of Lady Pamela, but as yet in the sho\v ring, such has never been the verdict, except at the last Yorkshire Meeting, where it was understood the judges excluded her from their minds on the grounds before mentioned in giving their decision, she inherits much more of the Warlaby type than her opponent, has well laid shoulders, good rib ind loin, with quarters lengthy and evenly filled, but she is not the equal to Lady Pamela in the covering of her crops. Good News, and Glee, are by Loid Protector, out of the two sisters, Glad Tidings, and Gladness, while Gladis, by Eastern Emperor, from a third sister, Glory, is a wealthy fleshed young cow with a wonderfully good back : thus theprospects for the increase of a family which has already produced so many noted winners appear hopeful. The Brights, of Aylesby fame, are three in number, Bright Casquet, bred at Lethenty, by Knight of St. Patrick, was bought at the dispersion of Mr. G. AV. Elliott's herd, and is a level straight cow, with a young heifer calf by her side of considerable promise. Bright Coral, her daughter by Royal Stuart, is only a recent acquis- ition from Mr. Robert Bruce, who got her as a calf at Mr. Elliott's. White Rose, a handsome old lady, was bought at the first Bainesse sale for 170gs., all her daughters have been sold, two going to Mr. R. Boucher James in West Australia; another good looking cow, Lady Godolphin, was purchased at the final sale after Mr. John Outhwaite's death, she is by Lord Godolphin, from a Royal Windsor dam. Riby Star has been in service since his arrival from Artfert in 1882, he is red with a little white, and unites the Vesper and Riby branches of the Annas, being b_y Star of Halnaby (a son of the 1000 guinea Vesper Queen), from Riby Marchioness, the calf that excited so keen a competition at Aylesby in '/5 before Mr. Crosbie claimed her at 1260 gs. Mr. Hutchinsoii when over at the Dublin Spring Show, had been attracted by Royal Leopold, a handsome yearling of SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 31 the Mason Louisa family, which he had the pluck to purchase before the verdicts were announced, he was then found to be second in the list. Since coming to England he has been exhibited but twice, at the Royal where he was highly commended, and at Northumberland where he was first, beating the Royal winner; we hear his owner instead of bringing him out for the coming Royal was tempted by an offer to hire him for the herd at Windsor. At the dispersion of the Killerby herd, no one fought more successfully for the best lots than Mr. Hutchinson, and he certainly secured the pick of the Hecubas, beginning with lot 1, Princess Brigantine, and taking her four daughters, Princess Beatrice, Princess Royal, Princess Battenburg, and Princess Studley, a valuable addition to the Manor House herd. The Leicesters shown from the Catterick flock are well known in the leading show yards, and a strong contingent are under cover for next season. Clydesdales have now been taken in hand by Mr. Hutchinson, and Milkmaid, winner of 43firstprizes,had not long come from Lord Londonderry's stud, while long figures have been made of the hunters from time to time. The buildings are good, well arranged for the use of the steam power, and include a set of kennels for breeding fox terriers, at present unoccupied. In the dining room of the Manor House hang portraits of the owner's most famous show yard winners, the shorthorns are represented by Grateful, Gainful, and Gratia; Tester, and Glengyle are the heroes of his stable; and Prince Charlie, a ram which made his owner in letting and prize money nearly o£500, with Royal Liverpool, are two celebrities of the Leicester flock ; in gazing outwards in the grass field in front of the house we have a living picture in Achievement, winner of 1st at her class at Preston and numerous other prizes. In the afternoon we walk across to see the herd at Bainesse, a farm of 700 acres occupied until his death by the late Mr. John Outhvvaite, and considered one of the best in the County of York- shire. The land adjoins the Manor House farm, and has been taken from Michaelmas last by Mr. David Cooper, a pupil of Mr. :r2 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. Hutchinson's, we wish him luck in his venture, and by the quantity of bones we saw undergoing the process of crushing with an engine of the new tenant's own erecting, it is evident that the hind is to be highly farmed. In -addition to the five animals bought at the dispersion of the Bainesse herd in entering into possession of the farm, Mr. Cooper purchased half a score of various ages from Mr. Hutchinson, so it is almost a continuation of the Manor House herd, considerable alterations are to be made to the house and buildings so let us hope that the new breeder will be able to produce the like of Royal Windsor and Vivandiere to occupy them. Lady Conyers, lot 1 at the recent sale is a handsome old cow full of Mr. Outhwaite's blood, by Lord Grodolphin, out of a Royal Windsor dam, her daughter Lady Conyers 2nd, a light roan, also remained at Biinesse. Shy Maid, a red and white, by British Knight, out of Pretty Maid, a very sweet lady like cow, came from the adjoining homestead along with her daughter, Timid Maid, a wealthy good heifer of great substance. Mr. Cooper obtained five of the " Lady " family amongst the purchases from Mr. Hutchinson, including Lady Mirthful, and Lady Cheerful, two daughters of the Royal winner Lady Playful, the latter is our preference, but Lady Mirth, a red calf by Riby Star, from Lady Mirthful, is very gay looking, and an improvement on the dam. Lady Amy, from Lady Agatha, is another of British Knight's daughters, a bull that has left a lot of good stock at Catterick, he was by Knight of the Shire, whose stock averaged 437 gs. at Aylesby, from British Grirl of the Village Rose tribe. Lady Leonore, and Lady Lilly are two younger heifers, by Riby Star, from mother, and daughter respectively. Sybil, a handsome dark roan cow, also owns British Knight for sire, and another good animal is Lady Mary, by the noted prize bull Lord Zetland, from a daughter of Lady Conyers. Lady Sibald is of Mr. John Downing's Heath Rose family, well known in Ireland, and was the last female sold at Bainesse. We have been glad to see Mr. Cooper's name conspicuous amongst the purchasers at the dispersion of both the Killerby and Cleasby herds, where he got some fine cows of the Hecuba and Rosamond tribes : while at SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 33 that of Mr. Ackers, Mr. Hutchinson purchased for him Patience Q-renville 2nd, a lengthy, straight calf, out of Patience Grenville, as well as Flower of Prinknash 5th ; let but his future purchases be made on the same lines, and once more Bainesse will be noted as the home of good shorthorns. From Mr. Hutchinson's a couple of miles brings us to Killerby, so magic a name in the annals of Booth shorthorns, and the history of which has already been written by Mr. Carr, so it would be superfluous to attempt to go over the ground covered by one so well up in his work. The owner of the herd was away at Torquay for his health, and since alas ! what breeders are not aware of the the calamity which has befallen the shorthorn world in the loss of its popular owner. The late Mr. John Booth has been described as the beau ideal of an English country gentleman,' much esteemed by all who knew him, and one of the most successful of the many excellent men who have devoted their time and means to shorthorn breeding. The fame of Killerby has of late years been well upheld by the great success in the show yards, of animals either sired by bulls hired from Mr. Booth, or by their sons. Mr. Wm. Linton, of Sheriff Hutton, was one of the first to use Killerby sires ; and the successes of Sir Arthur Ingram, Leeman, Arthur Benedict, and Beau Benedict, sons of Sergeant Major, and Paul Potter, are well known. At Mr. Linton's sale, Sir Arthur Ingram passed into Mr. W. Handley's hands, and Beau Benedict into Mr. E. Thompson's, where each have been the sire of most of the distinguished animals exhibited by those breeders so successfully at recent shows. Mr. B. St. John Ackers purchased several females of the Georgie family from Killerby, and it was this tribe that produced Queen of the Georgians, and Western Georgie, while many of Mr. Hutchinson's exhibits have been by Hecuba bulls, notably Lady Playful, Gratia, Gainful, and Grateful. Duke of Aosta 28356 (a son of K. C. B. so long used at Killerby), was bred by Mr. Hutchinson, but exhib- ited by Mr. A. H. Browne at the Royal at Taunton, where he was 34 SUORTHORX HERDS OF ENGL.VND. not only first in his class, but also the fire of Rosario 35315, and Pioneer 35042, the first prize two year old and yearling bulls, both exhibited by Mr. Browne. So it cannot be said that Mr. John Booth has let the fame of Killerby diminish, when such records of the winnings of animals so lull of the blood of his herd are to be found in the annals of almost every show yard of importance, not only this but breeders from 8outh America attracted thereby have drawn largely upon the younger stock. The large portion of the herd is composed of animals of the Hecuba tribe. Mr. Carr in his " History of the Booth Herds," writes : — " Another most valuable cow though of more recent origin, remained at Killerby at Mr. Booth's death in 1857. Hecuba, by Hopewell, from a dam by Hamlet, out of a Leonard cow. This cow has all the Booth character, and transmits it to her offspring. She is in colour a dense red ; a large animal on short legs ; when not in milk, laying on flXsh with wonderful rapidity ; and when in milk, she is what every cow ought to be, a great and deep milker, with an udder whose size and form might provoke the cupidity of a London dairyman. When young she was pronounced by one of the best of judges, Mr. Eastwood, to be the very type of the true shorthorn, the very model of a bull breeder. Hecuba, though born in the year 1851, and therefore now about 16 years old, is as fresh as an eight year old cow, and had a calf last September, 1866." Since then Hecuba's descendants have been crossed with bulls of Warlaby blood, and of their own family, so naturally a great uniformity in the character of the herd exists, which has always been kept by Mr. Booth in a healthy breeding state. Princess Brigantine, a fine old cow, by that favourite sire Royal Benedict, is now one of the older specimens of the family, being but a great grand-daughter of Hecuba, she has bred three excellent heifers, her youngest born being a red and white by Welcome Chief. After seeing Vivacity, a G-eorgie, we pass under an archway and come to Baltimore, a red son of King of Trumps, out of Brenhilda, a grand-daughter of Lady of the Lake, sold to Mr. Cochrane for 500 gs., and when Brenhilda after being imported into this country SF1ORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 35 from Canada by Mr. A. H. Browne, was sold at the dispersion of his herd along with her heifer .Fair Ellen, both were secured by Mr. Booth, previous to that when Mr. Cochrane sent the majority of his Booth shorthorns to be sold at Millbeckstock in '77, Welcome Lady, Lady of the Lake's daughter by Banner Bearer, came with them, and was purchased for Killerby. At the present time it is safe to say that no females of the Hecuba tribe exist in England, except in this herd and Mr. John Fielden's. King of Trumps, now past his thirteenth year still retains some of his old form, and is one of the last sons of K. C. B., being own brother to Queen of Diamonds. Paul Potter, almost ten years of age, one of Royal Benedict's get, has only been home a month from Hackthorne, he has been a capital stock getter like King of Trumps, and is still good looking and useful. At present Royal Studley, a son of Royal Stuart, and Royal Lady, is the Warlaby sire in use, unfortunately a damaged horn detracts somewhat from his appearance. Vain Lassie, a roan G-eorgie, by Royal Stuart, and Queen of Rubies, out of Queen of Diamonds, the latter a good all-round heifer are awaiting shipment to South America. Out of three young heifers, Queen Bridget, Volatile, and Reigning Belle, our choice is Volatile, a G-eorgie, which is afterwards verified by the public. Regal Lady, has but calved in the morning the roan bull calf by Marquis, which was afterwards to be the pick of the youngsters when the herd was dispersed. Princess Beatrice, the oldest daughter of Princess Brigantine, is a good hsavy fleshed, short legged cow, at present down calving to old King of Trumps. Two roan bull calves by King Magnus, are from Paul Potter dams. Passing on to the heifers, the first with a double cross of Hecuba on Royal Benedict, is not so good as Welcome Princess, a wide ribbed, well topped red and white, with three crosses of the same blood on the 500 guinea Lady of the Lake. Queen of Scotia, and Princess Royal, are two more good heifers, the latter a Royal Stuart out of Princess Brigantine, an exceedingly handsome one, strikes us as the best of the lot. Then back to the elder cows, and we have Merry Spring, Merry Moonlight, and Merry Morn, all daughters of Royal 36 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. Stuart. Merry Spring, from Merry Christmas, is of larger scale than Merry Moonlight, a level topped young cow out of Merry Sunshine, Merry Christ mae'a daughter, and own sister to the heavy fleshed Merry Morn. Eliza, by the Hecuba bull Prince of Britain, is a straight good heifer, full of hair, out of Emma, also in the herd, bought at Mr. Linton's sale. Reigning Baauty, a good fronted cow, by King Richard 2nd, has a nice roan cow calf by King of Trumps. Then we have three heifers under the twelve months, all by Hecuba bulls, and we single out Repartee, from Regina, as a heifer of great promise. Lady Greraldine 3rd, was bred by Mr. Ackers, and has the advantage of the Lord Prinknash 2nd cross on a Killerby bred cow sold to Mr. Ackers, along with her is Trinket, a big well shaped roan, by Heart of Oak, and we must not omit Queen Bae, and Queen of Scots, two of the very first cows seen, and by no msans the worst looking but unfortunately hardly in a breeding state. From Killerby, the train is taken to Richmond, and in the midst of a snowstorm we arrive at Hirtforth, another of the homes of ancient shorthorns, rendered memorable by the name of the late Col. Cradock's Old Cherry, to whose son Mussulman 4525, Mr. Richard Booth sent Bracelet, the produce being the celebrated Buckingham, to whom the length of quarter that distinguished the Warlaby cattle was said to be due. In 1843, that excallent judge, Mr. Unthank hearing that Old Cherry was tied up to feed, at once set out for Yorkshire, and bought her when fifteen years old. She was walked across the moor?, and bred Mr. Unthank two calves, one Queen of Trumps, by the Cressida bull, Captain Shafto 6833, had 2nd Queen of Trumps, who in Mr. Douglas' hands bred 3rd Queen of Trumps, winner as a two year old of the three Royal l^tional prizes at Chester, Aberdeen, and Londonderry in 1858, afterwards she was sold for 450gs. and died within sight of the American continent. Mr. Christopher Cradock is the present owner of the Hartforth estate and herd, to which he succeeded in 1852, on the death of his father. It is not till the following morning we turn out, and in the SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 37 park find a large number of cows out for exercise amongst the recently fallen snow, each cow has had a calf to suckle during the summer, and are hardly now seen at their best. Like many others no doubt would be, we are considerably surprised to find Mr. Cradock with the largest herd of shorthorns in England, at present the female portion number 142, in addition to a large array of bull calves seen at the bottom of the park, in useful boxes, which the owner has been gradually increasing during the past few years. For these young bulls Mr. Cradock can always find a market, so it speaks well of the good they have done in the district, considering the large number he has annually to dispose of ; on turning to the last volume of Coates' we find no less than forty three cows entered with produce of '84. At present Mr. Cradock has in hand about 1,000 acres, and the whole is now stocked, so far as the cattle are concerned, with pedigree shorthorns, more than half descending from the Hartforth blood of early days. What more pleasant on a frosty morning with the sun shining, and the air gloriously sharp and keen, than a walk with a gentleman farming his own estate, especially if he be a breeder of pure bred stock, seeing the improve- ments made, and hearing of those contemplated ? Such a pleasant three or four hours stroll we had with the owner of Hartforth, and as we crossed the hill sides we had a capital view of the surrounding c ountry. The Cherries are still here in considerable numbers, in fact they form quite a small herd, as twenty six come from Old Cherry's daughter, Cherry Brandy, from whom also descend the Cherry Duchesses, so well known in connection with the Sholebroke and Penrhyn Castle herds of late years. Mr. Cradock's present Cherries descend more particularly from a cow named Blameless, by Strawberry Prince 25240, the sixth in descent from Cherry Brandy ; she had two daughters Beauty and Faultless, both by home bred bulls, the former bred 17 calves in 14 years, including five pairs of twins, so it is to this cow that the recent increase of the tribe is mainly due. Beatrice, one of Beauty's produce, by Chaser, is a good little cow, and Columbine, another of Chaser's daughters, from Comely, a grand- 38 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. daughter of Beauty, has a lot of shorthorn character. Cherry Leaf, a pretty attractive red and white heifer, one of the best of a dozen seen together, is by Mr. Sheldon's Duke of Cerisia 4th, a son of Duke of Rothesay, and Cherry Duchess 22nd, thus uniting the descendants of Cherry Brandy's daughters, Grainford Cherry, and Ripe Cherry. Perfume, by Lord Roseberry, is a stylish cow with nice feminine head and horn, being the second generation from Faultless. The Strawberrys, only four in number, wind up their pedigree with Marshal Blucher, and the last dam a cow named Colling, from the stocks of Messrs. Wright and Charge, so they originate from the same blood which produced Old Cherry. At page 224, Mr. Holt Beever in his Leading Tribes writes, " Strawberry Jelly, was bred by Col. Cradock. through whose 'hands the lower branches appear also to have passed. It is therefore a family of worth." This verdict we cordially endorse, and it seems desirous that a family of such good blood should be more prominently brought before the notice of breeders. The Nanny tribe have no less than fifty two representatives in the female line, and are like the Strawberrys full of good blood, in referring to the pedigree of Queen of Trumps, every sire in it is bred by Messrs. Bates, Charge, Cradock, and Wright. The Strawberry Drop branch have received fresh blood by the introduction of Dairy Prince, bred by Mr. R. S. Bruere, of his Rose tribe. Strawberry Drop 3rd, a nice looking cow, has bred the 4th to Mr. W. Brown's Dauntless, a son of Mr. Willis's Windsor's Royal Seal, from a Certainty mother. Rosette, a very pretty heifer by Duke of Charming Land 26th, is from a e:rand-daughter of Strawberry Drop 2nd. The best looking branch however are Reception, and her progeny ; Reflection, the last calf of the old cow is a beautiful young heifer, full of quality, and very symmetrical. Reception 2nd, by Lord Zetland's Rose King 39019, is wonderfully broad across her loins, and naturally as her name implies the oldest daughter of Reception, her sister the 3rd, a large framed roan, had twins last year, and has now a red and white, Recherch6. Racket, sister to Strawberry SHORTHOHtf HERDS OF ENGLAND. 39 Drop, with a beautiful front, and shapely udder, has three heifers in the herd. The Grace tribe, the last of the families which are entirely of Hartforth origin, are much shorter in descent than either the Nanny's or Strawberry's, being bred from a cow Leopardess 1st, by Col. Cradock's Freetrader 10246 ; a good stamp of a heifer is Lady Grace, by Mr. S. R. C. Ward's Lord Roseberry, a son of Brilliant Rose, of the Blanche tribe, a bull that was used in the herd. Five families have been added by the present owner, of other- wise than the old Hartforth blood, taken in the order of the private catalogue the Ciss tribe are first, as well as in numbers. Donna, by Mr. R. Booth's Valasco, a grand-daughter of Ciss, being purchased in 1866 from Sir William Lavvson, Bart., of Brough Hall. Bella, calved in '74, a good heavy fleshed sort is one of the oldest, and of this family is Velvet, who with two Hartforth crosses on Valentia, by Valasco, a grand-daughter of Ciss, bred Veteran, to Lord Roseberry, sold to Mr. John Outhwaite, who resold him to Mr. John Vickers, in whose hands he has been successful as a prize winner. What are here called the Lily Grey tribe, are more generally known as the Sowerbys, and were obtained by the purchase of Lily Grey from ML-. Stables, of Kirkbank, near Catterick. More fashionable are the Gwynnes from Upleatham, introduced by the purchase of Mary at the sala in '76, a great grand-daughter of Bella, by Mr. Combe's Cambridge Rose bull The Buck. That fine old cow Olga, of the Blanche tribe, had a grand-daughter Midnight, sold at one of Lord Fevershain's sales, when she was knocked down to Mr. Cradock in calf to the 1000 guinea 20th Duke of Oxford, and the produce Midnight 2nd, is now one of the hand- somest cows in the herd, and like the Blanches generally do, they have multiplied freely. There are also Lady Morris, bred by Mrs. Healey, of Morris Grange, and her daughter, to represent a family tracing to Rachel, by Noble 4579. At present Duke of Charming- land 26th, bred at Brailes, by the 10th Duke of Barrington, out of Charming Duchess 12th, stands at the head of the herd, he is a lengthy fine bull, with a good deep front ; the Duke of Rothesay 40 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. blood is again introduced as he is the sire of this bull's dam, and was also sire to Duke of Cerisia 4th, the previous sire used at Hartforth. Grwynne's Prince Saladin, a grandson of the ffne old cow Christmas Grwynne, noticed in the Wetherby herd, is the colleague of Mr. Sheldon's bull ; but Fairy Duke 4th 52857, of the Fairy branch of the Old Daisy tribe, has since been purchased from Mr. B. L. Barrow, he is a son of 50th Duke of Oxford, and Violet, bred at Farnborough Hall, by Archdeacon Holbech. CHAPTER III. The Durham Herds. — Cleasby. — Smelt House. — Thistleflatt House. — Plawsworth. — Ouston. — Northumberland Herds. — Alnwick Castle. — Barmoor Castle. — Chillingham Barns. — Catchburn. — West Chevington. — Cragside. — Kirkwhelpington. — Capheaton. — Bearl. — South Acomb. — The Spital. — Wydon Burn. — Eastgate. — Elrington Hall. Cleasby, a small village near Darlington, has been associated with Mr. Mitchell's name as a breeder of shorthorns for the last 47 years ; previous to coming to Cleasby he lived on a farm adjoining Killerby, there like other tenants he had the use of Mr. Booth's bulls, anct the Queens descended from Rosamond by Jack Tar, have been in the family since 1835. Many sires have come over to Mr. Mitchell's from Warlaby, including of late years Lord Protector, Royal Coronet, Knight of St. Patrick, Master of Arts, and at present Rajah, by Eastern Monarch, out of Manola, is in service. Queen of Arts, and Queen William, are very handsome well fleshed cows of this family. Queen of Diamonds, and Queen of the Sceptre, are own sisters by Royal Sceptre, out of Queen of Arts, and a very pretty calf is Queen's Coronet, from Queen Victoria, who has likewise an '84 heifer in Queen of the Meadow. SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 41 Two other families the Lady Booths, and those bred from Lady James, are virtually of Booth blood ; fine looking cows of the former tribe are Lady Booths 4th, and 5th, sisters of '76, and '78, from the 2nd. The 10th, from the 5th, is being milked three times a day, and Lady William, a grand-daughter of Lady James, is also very good in this department. Lady Booth 13th, and Lady's Sceptre, daughters of the two last named animals by King Harold, and Bright Jewel's son, Royal Sceptre, are also seen, and the latter is our preference. The herd is very select, and we are sorry to hear that owing to Mr. Mitchell's advanced years it is contemplated dis- posing of the whole, which has since been done, and thus one more link connected with the past is broken. From Cleasby, we go to visit Mr. Joseph Fryer's herd at Smelt House, on the north-west of Darlington, which has been bred chiefly from Mr. Mitchell's blood, since its commencement about twelve years ago. In 1874, two cows, Louisa, and Topsy, were purchased privately from the Duke of Northumberland's herd at Alnwick. Baron Cleasby, and Lord Booth, bred by Mr. Mitchell, were the first sires used. Shortly afterwards his herd was again resorted to, and Queen of the Palace, and Lady Harold, purchased, and from these and the Alnwick purchases the herd is chiefly descended. First we had led out Prince Eupert, a dark red, now at the head of the herd, he is by Mr. T. C. Booth's King Harold, from Patience Heatherstone, of the Killerby G-eorgie family, his birthplace was Prinknash, and con- sequently his breeder Mr. B. St. John Ackers, who in past seasons has showed so many successful specimens of this tribe. Lady Harold, his half sister, when she came to Smelt House was in calf to Mr. T. C. Booth's Master of Arts, and the produce Lady Hilda, gives every prospect of being a good dairy cow, in fact Mr. Fryer made his purchases with the view to having useful dairy cattle as well as such as could put on beef when done with, would that more breeders had always bought on the same lines. Lady Hester, and Lady Hettie, are a promising pair of twins by Brigadier, a well bred Bright, bought by Canon Wilkinson at Mr. T. H. Miller's sale, and 42 SHORTHORX HRRDS OP ENGLAND used at Thistleflatt House : these are Lady Harold's last additions to the herd, she has been a most fortunate purchase, as between the twins and Lady Hilda, there is Lady Helen, by Mr. Mitchell's Lord Victor ; the half dozen being made up by a newly boi-n heifer calf out of Lady Hilda. The " Rosamonds " have Queen of the~ Palace, now twelve years old, and her very robust, good chested calf, full of hair, by Brigadier, born in September, to represent them. Laura, by Mr. Vicker's Royal 1st prize Duke of Howl John 33674, out of the Stanwick cow Louisa, is of the right sort, milking heavily, and yet retaining her flesh. Lottie, and Lena, are Laura's daughters by Lord Booth, and Prince Hat-old, the latter the better fleshed of the two. Dimsdale Hose, and Dimsdale Belle, are own sisters from Diinsdale Lass, a family so called on account of the ancestress being purchased from Mr. Emmerson, of Over Dimsdale, near Darlington five and twenty years ago. Topsy, the companion purchase to Louisa, at Alnwick, had Tulip ; arid Truthful and Trinket are useful dairy cows from Tulip. From Mr. Fryer's to the Rev. Canon Wilkinson's at Thistle- flatt House, is but little over a mile to walk, certainly the country, high lying and exposed, hardly seems the proper place for pure bred shorthorns to prosper and flourish, but Canon Wilkinson has selected good heavy fleshed animals with sound constitutions, suit- able for the climate. The herd was established only in 1874, and at Mr. Nesham's sale in '76, Shamrock 22nd was purchased, of which family there are three in the herd at present ; Red Cherry, des- cending from Col. Cradock's Old Cherry, was also sold at Gain ford Hall, and afterwards came to Thistleflatt. The old Certainty tribe of Brawith fame was obtained in Yorkshire, and two specimens of the Sowerbys full of old Booth blood came from Mr. Lin ton's sale. Other purchases of more fashionable lineage have been added during the last few years. Like Mr. Fryer, the owner took advan- tageof Duke of HowlJohn's valuable services ; afterwards Blair Athol, came from Lethenty, followed by Bi-igadier, bred at Singleton Park, SHORTHORN HERDS OF KNGLANI). 43 out of a Royal Benedict cow, also of the Bright tribe. At present we find Mac Alpine, bred by Mr. B. St. John Ackers, a combination of the Alpine branch of the Mantalini's, and Mr. Torr's Flov ers, in use with the herd. He is a handsome, masculine like bull, very deep before, of excellent quality, as a calf he was placed first at the Yorkshire Show at Ripon. Camilla, bought' at the Broughton sale, of the Farewell tribe, has the next box to Mac Alpine; she is a daughter of the Warlaby Royal Craftsman, is full of symmetry and quality, with a grand back and rib. The cows we see out at exer- cise, and for choice we prefer Lady Sarah, one of the Sheriff Hutton purchases, by Paul Potter, from Princess Irwin, by the famous Sir Arthur Ingram, she is a deep chested, wide ribbed animal, with a good level back, and has been successful in local show rings. Charlotte, the other Sowerby cow from Mr. Linton's, is by his Sir Hugo Irwin, and has been also exhibited and taken honours, she is a fine heavy fleshed cow, with good back and rib like Lady Sarah. Bright Cherry, a daughter of Blair Athol, out of the original purchase, Red Cherry, is down calving, while Happy Guest, one of Mr. Robert Jefferson's old sort, came from the Chillingham sale. Pearly, another of Paul Potter's daughters bred at A.cton Burnell, is a very nice old cow. extraordinary wide across the loins ; Patty, of the same family tracing to Mr. Mason's No. 13 Chilton Sale, but by King of Scots, is milking well, and being a heifer, is not looking her best, her daughter Peggy, is with three others out of Happy Guest, Charlotte, and Red Ruby, all by Brigadier, the one from Happy Guest retains her calf bloom, being the youngest, but Charlotte's, named Sowerby Queen, is a good calf, certainly the oldest, but perhaps the best of the four. Donna Bslla, and Blue Bell, are by the same sire, from half- sisters, of the Certainty family, the latter a stylish young cow with a well formed udder, and the mother of a very good roan heifer, Lady Rachel, our pick of the home bred heifers ; amongst which are Lady Mary, a white out of Lady Sarah, a nice heifer, not unlike her dam. Amongst some younger calves, a roan from Lady 44 SHORTHORN HERDS OF EXUF.A.NU. Minnie, a daughter of Donna Bella, takes our fancy. Turning back to the cows. Roan Shamrock, and Gay Shamrock, are own sisters, by Blair Athol, from the Gain ford Hall purchase, the elder a cow of good quality, is the dam of a nice red and white cow calf. Beautiful Butterfly, a fine young cow of Col. Town ley's Barmpton Rose tribe, had been bought at Mr. J. C. Toppin's sale. It has been with deep regret we saw the herd brought to the hammer in consequence of the owner's increasing infirmities and his declining years. Between Crook and Newcastle, Mr. Robert Darling is the only shorthorn breeder with the exception of the Birtley Iron Co., who have recently been buyers of pedigree cattle. Plawsworth is the station, and in the village of that name Mr. Darling resides, his shorthorns are not many, but chiefly of two families, of which the Ro^edales are the more important. Rosedale 3rd, bred at Helidon by the Rev. John Storer, by Royal Buckingham ^0718, was exported to Canada by the Hon. M. H. Cochrane with 250gs. on her head, and when that gentleman sent over to this country in '77 to be sold at Millbeckstock the bulk of his Booth shorthorns, Rosedale 3rd returned with two daughters by Sirius, a son of Royal Blithe, and Mr. W. Talbot Crosbie's one thousand guinea Vesper Star, the younger of the sisters named Rosalind was bought for Plawsworth, and is a red and white good fronted cow, Mr. Darling has now seven Rosedales,and Squire Rosedale, and Royal Rosedale, a son, and grandson, of Rosalind, have been used in the herd, so she cannot be said to have been an unfruitful purchase for him. Rosedale Beauty, the oldest of the three daughters, by Messrs. J. W. and E. Cruickshank's Blair Athol, a son of King James, and a Bright cow by King Richard, has been sent over to Birtley for service to King Ronald, bred at Barinoor, her heifer Bright Rosedale, by Mr. John Angus's Barrister 44396, was not seen being at a distant farm. Princess Rosedale, two years younger than her sister, is a pretty shorthorn like cow, probably the neatest of thg family at Plawsworth, Mr. John B. Booth's King of Scots is her sire, she also has a heifer, SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 45 Princess Rosedale, by Rosedale Beauty's son, Royal Rosedale, which was one of King of Scots's sons. Baroness Rosedale, is the youngest of Rosalind's daughters, and by Barrister, a bull with three crosses of Booth on one of the Angus pedigrees. Rosa, of the Wildair tribe, was bought at Mr. W. White's sale on March 24th, '76, and five trace their descent to her. This family is on a rather smaller scale than the Rosedales, but very useful dairy cattle. Bellona, by a Rosedale bull, is a grand-daughter of Break of Day, bred by Mr. J. Beat-tie, by his Booth Royal, out of Broom Girl, by Duke of Tyne, a winner at Worcester in '63, and two generations further comes John O'Groat, second to Master Butterfly, at Carlisle. A recent purchase was Water Baroness, a well bred Torr " W " heifer by Mr. Carr's Sir Windsor Broughton. Marquis, a dark red useful yearling, had been bought at Lord Polwarth's last spring sale, he is by Mr. Ackers's Royal Glo'ster, so half brother to Lady Carew 13th, and Western Georgie, from Madaline Butterfly of Mr. John Booth's Madaline family. The Booth portion of the herd has been further strengthened by the purchase at Mr. Mitchell's, of Lady Booth 12th, an upstanding heifer by Royal Sceptre 43967. Two stations nearer Newcastle is Birtley, where the Iron Co. of that name at their Ouston Farm keep the purchases made for them by Mr. Richardson during the past two seasons. A group of cows seen on the road, before reaching Ouston, are easily recognisable as shorthorns, Minstrel Gwynne 4th, from Lathorn, is much admired on closer inspection, she is deep before, grandly ribbed, and carries a sweet head well set on, by her side is Jenny Gwynne, by Capt. Basset's Prince of Cranes 2nd. Minstrel Gwynne 6th, a roan, hardly so attractive as the 4th, was seen indoors. Wave Witch, a white of good quality, by King Malcolm, came from Barmoor twelve months ago, along with her half-brother King Ronald, a lengthy roan bull, now doing service here, he is from Easter Rose, a grand-daughter of the Rev. Thomas Staniforth's Rose of Warlaby, the 550 guinea cow at the dispersion of the Beeston herd. The purchases from Brought on are also in this field. Pauline 25th, Shadow, and Christina, roans, are 46 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. half-sisters by the Warlaby Royal Craftsman, the first named of the Pauline family, fourteen of which averaged €154 each, at the previous Broughton sale, and the last is of the Farewell tribe. Further away are the animals from the Duffryn sale suckling their calves, Lady Wood, not of Stratton blood but lot 3 at the sale, being by Mr. Sheldon's Duke of Harrington 5th, from Louisa 12th, has an especially good roan bull calf by Mr. Stratton's prize winning Acropolis 47316. Arrived in the most northern ot the English counties, there is no herd larger than that of the Alnwick Castle, and we may add no owner of a present herd in this county whose family have been connected with shorthorns for more than a century, for it was on June 14th, 1784, Mr. Charles Colling bought a cow, described by Mr. Thomas Bell as "a massive, short legged cow, breast near the ground, a great grower, with wide back, and of a beautiful yellowish red flaked colour," she was sold in Darlington market, and came either from the Stanwick estate, or the neighbouring Aldbrough estate, of the Duke of Northumberland's, she was unnamed when bought by Mr. Colling, and he gave her the name of Duchess, since so celebrated and widely known. The management of the herd at Alnwick has been in the hands of the Patten family for close on sixty years, the late Mr. Patten 47, and his son 12, and the present herd is no bad criterion as to the confidence placed in them. Grood bulls have always bjen used since the commencement of the herd, in earlier days it was not thought advisable to go on any particular strain, but for the last 16 years Booth blood has been freely used. Jeweller 26460, first in a class of forty at the Border Union Show in 1869, was purchased from Messrs. Atkinson of Peepy the same year. Then followed Mayor of Windsor 31807, bred at Carperby, and bought as a yearling for 120gs., he proved a capital stock getter, and was the sire of Snowstorm 37496. Fitz Roland, bought at the Aylesby sale, for Lord Tankerville, was next hired for two years, he proved an extraordinary sire, and was an especial good heifer getter, as witness the cows now in the herd. Since then Sir Raymond, Prince Albert Victor, King Stephen, Royal Studley, King SHOHTHORX HKHDS OF ENGLAND. 4/ David. Eastern Emperor, Royal Mowbray, and at present King Hal, have been hired from Warlaby, while we must not omit mention o[ British Boy, of the Village Rose tribe, bought when 11 years old f -om his breeder, Mr. William Fox, who was let, while in his Grace's possession, for a short time for use at "Warlaby. As to the female portion of the herd which number eighty five of fourteen families, it will be most advisable for conciseness to notice them in tribes. We drive to the Dairy Farm first, and have Lady Elizabeth, a handsome daughter of Royal Stuart, and Lady Mary, paraded before us, this heifer is a grand-daughter of Lady Jane, and is of the Cowslip family, twenty strong, and the most numerous of any in the herd. The original cow, Cowslip, was bought about 50 years ago by the late Mr. Patten from a Mr. Patterson, of Woodhouses, in the neighbourhood of Alnwick, she was a great milker, yielding when newly calved 32 quarts of milk per day, and 16 Ibs. of butter per week, Mr. Patten has heard his father describe her, as a long, straight, level, archribbed cow, but rather short of hair ; a painting of a fat heifer, her great great grand-daughter, hangs in Mr. Patten's office, with the following remarks beneath it, "she was slaughtered Dec. 18th, 1844 when threb years nine months old, weighed live weight when fasted 177 stone, imperial weight (141bs to the stone), the fore quarters were 126 stone 7 Ibs, loose tallow 11 stone, and hide 6 stone 12 Ibs." Sunlight, a white, by Polar Star, from Sunshade, is of a slightly different branch of the Cowslips to Lady Elizabeth, and a thick good heifer very full of hair. At the Home Farm we have Sunshade, by Sir Eaymond, a fine, round ribbed cow, with a feminine head, and beautiful clear eye, the dam of Sunlight, and Sunflower ; she has been a regular breeder, and is due to calve her fifth calf in February. Sunflower, by Eastern Emperor, is a grand young cow, deep before with a fine neck vien, good broad loin, rib well sprung, and quarters lengthy and well filled, twice has she been first at the County Show, and it is Mr. Patten's intention to try for higher honours, if she can be got in calf, it being now eight months since she had one. From. the Home Farm we drive to Bassington, where the majority of the 48 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. cows are kept; on our right winding through the Park we have Hulne Abbey, or Holn Priory, now a ruin, built by, or rather for the Monks from Mount Carinel in the 13th century, and opposite to Biizlee Hill, said in some respects to resemble Mount Carmel. Blushing Maid, the oldest of three sisters, and a fine old mossy coated cow, showing signs of age, is the last but one left of Mayor of Windsor's daughters ; Bridal Wreath, two years her junior by Fitz Roland, has only been exhibited twice, and on each occasion was awarded first, she is another fine cow, and the mother of a very promising heifer, Bridal Gruest, by King David, straight and even in her top and bottom lines, as well as very compact and squarely built ; intended for exhibition purposes, she was with Lady Elizabeth and Sunlight, at the Dairy farm, and a very creditable trio of heifers of one tribe they are. Maid of Honour, own sister to Bridal Wreath, was the intermediate calf between her and Blushing Maid. We must not omit Lady Mary, a lengthy, fine cow, except a little high at the tail head, she is the only daughter left from Lady Jane, winner of second in a large and excellent class of cows at Derby Royal. The Daisies came from Stanwick in 1850, in the shape of Magpie, by Barton 8871 ; of this family have been bred Snowstorm, the second prize yearling at the Birmingham Royal, and first at Liverpool the year following, and Mountain Daisy, the second prize cow at the recent Royal at Preston, she has hardly the scale of some of the Alnwick Castle cows, and is inclined to be patchy, but certainly she has a wonderful good back. In addition to the Stanwick Daisies, there are the Angus ones five m number, already two ahead of the others. Daisy's Gem, by Ben Brace, was purchased at the Broomley sale, and is a fine old cow now at Aluwick, having her blood red daughter, Daisy's Pride, alongside of her, they are a very large framed even fleshed family, " the.se Daisies never get patchy," our guide remarks. The " Dale " tribe, so called because for some time past, the females have been named after some dale, and will henceforth be so named. Their ancestress is a cow named Invalid, bred by Mr. Lax, of Kirkbridgc, which came to Alnwick in 185U, SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 49 there was no reason for so naming the original cow known to Mr. Patten, as she lived in perfect health until 14 years of age, and then died of an attack of plemomonia, a scourge which attacked the herd here in '56. Seven in number, Eose of Allandale, winner of 1st in the two year old class at the Highland Society's Meeting at Kelso in '80. where her half-brother, Royal Commissioner, stood 2nd in the yearling bull class, now a trifle weak in her loin, may be regarded as the pick ; another good co.v is Eose of "Wensleydale, by Mr. S tan i forth 'a Crowned Head, we must not omit the pretty youngest daughter of Eose of Allandale, by the Warlaby Royal Stuart, named Eose of Eibblesdale. Young Cherry, by Mr. Bates's Cleveland Lad, also came in '50, both she and her dam were bred on the Duke's estate at Stanwick, and Mr. Patten is of opinion had earlier sires been registered the pedigree might have shown a few more crosses. Highland Mary, by the home bred Snowstorm, is a really fine cow, the mother of Highland Belle, a good red calf by Royal Mowbray, in excellent condition, and very neat and even in her hindquarters like the dam. Cherry Stone, a good roan Fitz Roland cow, is at Bassington near calving, and her Sir Raymond daughter, Cherry Eipe, running out with four more in Palmstrother p.iddock. The Cumledge Rosebuds, now called the " Eose" family at Alnwick, to distinguish it from the Hawkhill or Crofton Rosebuds to be shortly mentioned (they are named minus the Dale, to be more easily known from the "Dale" family), were introduced by the purchase of Rosebud llth, and her C. C , the latter afterwards the dam of the Royal winner at Preston, at the dispersion of the late Mr. Wilson's herd in 1871 at Cumledge. They have done well and now number nine, Rosebud 13th, the winner of the Royal, naturally takes precedence of the others, a lengthy even roan cow, she has a beautifully covered loin, a rare girth, good rib and shoulders, a feminine head with a good, eye, and graceful horn. By her side is a red calf by Royal Mowbray, appropriately named in honour of her victory, Rose of Preston. Royal Princess, by Prince Albert Victor, is a thick made young cow standing nearer the ground than her half-sister, Rosebud 13th. D 50 SHORTHORN HK11DS OF ENGLAND. Another border family are the "Blainslies" bought at the late Mr. Simpson's sale at Blainslie in '74, in the shape of a yearling heifer, Windsor's Bride, by Mr. T. Willis's Windsor's Bridegroom 30325, full brother to his Smithfield Champion, Bride of Windsor. These are large framed robust cattle, especially Windsor's Bride 2nd, and Eoyal Bride, breeding well to Booth bulls. The Angus blood is again represented, this time by the Gaieties, brought into note by the excellence of the family at the Broomley sale in 1878, where Gaiety and her five daughters averaged .£111 13s. each, and since by the victories of one of the daughters, Gaiety 3rd, sold at Broomley to Lord Tankerville's agent, and Mr. Patten, though he fought hard, had to wait until Lord Tankerville's herd were dispersed before he secured her for Alnwick, where she now is seen, looking well, and in calf, mention is made of her victories in noticing her son, Gay Baronet, at Eden Grove, there are also two heifers from her in the herd, Gaiety's Pearl and Gay Princess. Her sister, Gaiety 5th, bought at the Broomley sale, has never been exhibited except in store condition, in which state a first wras credited to her when at the County Show at Berwick, unfortunately she has now hurt her stifle joint, but it is not difficult to see what a fine cow she has been in her prime. Lady Carew 7th, bred at Prinknash, is by King Harold, out of Lady Jane, and closely rented to Mr. Ackers's prize winning Lady Carews, a red bull calf by Royal Mowbray, is suckling her. Lady Helen, came into Northumberland with Lady Carew 7th, to Mr. Swan's, of Bedlington, from whom Mr. Patten bought them, although Mr. Ackers bred from her Trojan, a Eoyal winner at Beading, yet her breeder was Mr. G. J. Bell, of The Nook, and her dam Lady Pigot's La Belle Helene, a grand-daughter of Lady Sarah, by Baron Warlaby 7812. Flower of Spring, is the only one of the Aylesby Flower tribe, and was unable to be seen, along with a few more heifers, on account of darkness overtaking us in our inspection, and these were still further away than Bassington, she was bought at the Barmoor sale, and is from that beautiful cow Flower of June, sold for 250gs. the same day to the Rev. Thos. Stauiforth. SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 51 The Selinas once in the hands of Mr. W. W. Slye, of Beaumont Grange, go directly back to Countess, sold at Ketton when nine years old for 400gs. From Messrs. Atkinson. Selina 7th, and her heifer calf, Lady Selina, were bought, and as Mr. Patten truly remarks " they breed well," and are now ten in number ; three sisters, from Lady Selina, are very good, Lady Roberta, a handsome roan by Eastern Emperor, is the youngest of the sisters, and the best of a group in a far away shed, Countess Selina, and Lady Adelina, are the other two. Lucretia 2nd, by Colonel Townley's Royal Butterfly 23rd, came from the Peepy sale, in numbers they are not plentiful, but in merit excellent, Lucretia's Gem, probably the handsomest cow in the herd, beat Glad Tidings at Alnwick in '82, although the year following the verdict was reversed, unfortunately not breeding, she has a grand fore rib, and beautiful shoulder points, with a fine level back, and good underline. The other of this family is Lucretia's Bracelet, out of Lucretia's Gem's own sister, and is a great robust heifer, forward in calf to King Hal. The Hawkhill or Crofton Rosebud family for a long time have had a great reputation in Northumberland, as possessing both excellent feeding and milking properties. At the dispersion of the Hawkhill herd in '79, Primrose 2nd was bought for 145gs, and bred Polar Star, 3rd in the two year old class at Shrewsbury Eoyal : afterwards Primrose 3rd, and Rosebud 12th, were privately purchased from Mr. J. Davidson, to whom the glass ran out at Hawkhill, it was this family that produced Rosario. Primrose 3rd, although bred by Mr. Chrisp, is one of Fitz Roland's daughters, she was considered one of the finest cows at the sale, put to British Boy, twins were the result, Primrose Queen, and Primrose Beauty, the latter a roan, impressed us with the idea of making the finer cow. Now to the sires in use, King Hal, a deep red, is a thick firm well fleshed bull, on very short legs, with lengthy quarters evenly filled, and good thighs, he is a son of Royal Mowbray, and Bridal Queen, of the famous Halnaby tribe. British Chieftain, bred at Catterick, by British Knight, from Lady Ada. is a big growing bull hardly as yet furnished. ~J'^ BHOIiTIIOKN* HERDS <>F KXOLAXD. Mr. James Nicholson since the dispersion of his herd in 1883, at Mui ton, has again collected a nice little herd on the adjoining farm of Thornton, near to B-ruick-on-Tweed, which number just over the dozen. He began breeding by the purchase of two heifers of the Jessy tribe, favourably known in the County, at _M<- Atkinson's sale, of Peepy, in 1875, and there are still five females of this family at Thornton by repurchase, as well as \1< --:-. Angus's Lame Cow tribe, acquired by the same means, but originally from Preston Hows ; since leaving Tyneside, a dash of bates had been introduced before their return to their native County. Primt< 9th, and 10th, are a local sort descending from a Cow by .Sultan 031, belonging to the late Mr. Wm. Robertson, of Ladykirk. East- horpe Rose 3rd, a daughter of Sir Simeon, came from Mr. Hugh Aylmer's sale, and is of the Easthorpe Strawberry family, which of the seven tribes sold at West Dereham averaged £25 per head over any of the others ; and lastly, Familiar Nymph, one of the preti of the heifers at Mr. Toppin's last sale, is unfortunately not in a breeding state : this is much to be regretted, as she is the choicest hi •<•<] animal at Thornton, being of the old Familiar tribe, by Mr. Meade- Waldo's Lord of the Wave, fn/m Familiar WatUby. Two of the earlier sires used, were Ha* old 41*571, and Mischief Al.i!«-; 1 i:*o'7, Kred at Beatl, and Hawkhill, and when exhibited by Air. NiehoUon at the Highland Society's Show in 1880, v/ete plan -d »-cond and thitd in their respective classes; Eastern Crown 51203, a son of Kastem Emperor, and Luetetia's Gem, one of the finest cows in the Alnwick herd, has recently been in service, and is the sire of some promising cal \ - Beal is the nearest station to Barmoor Castle, and when there we have one of the most northerly herd of shorthorns in England before us; it is remarkable that only a few years sigo llu-y U«-ICM-HI',\«-<| from Kent, one of the most southern counties, and have prospered so much that twelve months ago Mr. Meade- Waldo had Mr. Thornton at Barmoor, when the whole of the herd were brought before the public with the 8XO£ptlOn of the Virtoiia branch of the Manfalinis, and a couple of Blights, a capital .i!< i<- ulfed, 1 \\enty HKRDS OF KNGLAND. 53 five females bringing within half-a-cio\vn of the century a piece, and the eleven bulls close on two thirds of that figure, encouraging results to a breeder considering it took place in September '84. Mr. Meade- Waldo began breeding shorthorns in 1860, by purchasing animals fiom the late Mr. Thos. Barnes of Westland, Co. Meath, one of the leading Irish breeders of his day, but the great purchase he made were five heife.s and the bull Beadsman 27998, fiom Mr. "Wm Torr. Since 1873 Wailaby has been resorted to for sires, and King of Biitain, King Rufus, King Malcolm, King Harry, Lord President, Sir Wilfrid, Royal Sceptre, Eastern Emperor, King Stephen, and King Rudolph, have all been in service; and King David, Maichioness' son by King James, is here at present, after being in both Ireland and Scotland, at Aitfert and Mertoun, he comes with a certain amount of reputation which if appearances must decide he will sustain. Victoiia Candida, a large framed wide ribbed daughter of Roy 1 Commander, (the bull that twice crossed the Atlantic going out as a yearling from \Vailaby to Hillurst, and returning to become the joint property of the owner of West Deieham and Lady Pigot at the high figure of LloOgs.) is the dam of Viola, by King Stephen, a very pietty white, seen at Alnwick the day previous, where she had gone for service to King Hal, in order that the colour might be put right in the next generation. When Victoria Candida was in Mr. Ackers's possession she had Victoria Frigida, the dam of Mr. Hutchmson's Victoria Formosa. Of two young roan Mantalini bulls we prefer the younger, Victoria Cross, by King Rudolf, out of Victoria Candida's daughter, Veronica, a very shapely and handsome youngster of excellent quality, the other named Valerian, by Eastern Emperor, out of Victoria Fulgida, has the same good quality, but not so true in his different points. King Rudolf has also two excellent heifers to his credit, from Vanessa, and Flower Wreath, the latter with a lovely mossy coat. The rest of the herd comprise but half a dozen females, omitting a newly born bull calf out of Bright Lodestar, and these have entered upon the duties of matronhood with the exception of Bright Spring, and it is questionable if she 54 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. ever will breed, as she has on two or three occasions disappointed her owner by going a considerable time and then coming in season, she is by Royal Saxon, from Bright Lady of the Realm (imported into this country,) by Mr. Cochrane's famous Star of the Realm, a bull that made $6,100 in the States. Bright Lodestar, a red and white, is half-sister to Bright Spring, by Mr. Torr's Lord Lamech, and was the highest priced lot at Mr. Elliot's in August '84. Victoria Fulgida, a very pretty dark red was bred by Lady Pigot, by the Bracelet bull Constellation 28243, from her well known show cow Victoria Victrix. The " Victoria" appears dropped in the naming of the female produce at Barmoor, as Vanessa, and Veronica, are the names of two young cows, neither three years old, daughters of Victoria Frigida, and Candida, respectively ; the latter the dam of the promising young bull, is again due in April, and having a good round rib, and lengthy quarters, with Mr. Ackers's Royal Gloucester for her sire, she cannot but develope into a fine cow which in fact she gives every appearance of doing, the former by King Malcolm, has plenty of size for her age, with a nice taking head and horn. Flower Wreath, was purchased by Mr. Jacob Wilson at the sale, but a tempting profit induced him to leave her ; she had bred her owner nothing but bulls before he included her in his sale in calf to King Rudolf, and as if to make amends the produce is the pretty calf already mentioned. In conclusion we may congratulate Mr. Meade- Waldo on having a very select well bred herd, certainly not large so far as numbers go, but a few years time, and fair good luck will remedy this. From Barmoor we cross the country to Chillingham, so noted for its breed of wild cattle, and at Chillingham Barns, Mr. Jacob Wilson, — so familiar a name in the annals of the Royal Agricul- tural Society, — keeps a few well bred shorthorns of Booth blood. Before referring to the cattle we cannot do better than mention the owner's services to British Agriculture generally, especially his efforts in conjunction with the late Mr. T. C. Booth to prevent the introduction of contagious diseases into this country, and the passing SIIORTHORX HERDS OF ENGLAND. »JO of the Act relating thereto. In recognition of these services, on Dec. 8th, 1885, at Willis's Rooms, Mr. Wilson was entertained at a banquet presided over by His Grace the Duke of Richmond and G-ordon at which 250 noblemen and gentlemen were present, and presented with a handsome testimonial. The good old family of Bracelet, of Killerby origin, once so famous, is well represented by Bridal Bracelet's daughter, Regal Bracelet, by Mr. R. S. Bruere's Vice Regal Booth, of his favourite Vesper tribe, a well made level heifer, and her dam by Knight of St. Patrick, is a lengthy useful animal. Welcome Dane, bred by Mr. Bruce, is a very fine young cow, fully maintaining the repute of the Aylesby " W's," and Curfew, a white of excellent quality, is of the old favourite tribe, by Knight of St. Patrick, being one of Messrs. Ouickshank's bi-eeding, as well as Bridal Bracelet. Rosary, bred at Chillingham Castle, is fiom Hermitage, by Mr. T. C. Booth's Sir Wilfrid, the fourth in descent from Mr. Staniforth's favourite old Novice, by Monk, of the Medora tribe. Mr. Wilson has thus three good old Killeiby and Warlaby families, in addition to the Aylesby " W," to go on breeding with, and Savoyard, of the Mantalini tribe bought at the Langton Hall sale, is ready for service, a son of Royal Stuart, he is from Rose of Savoy. From Chillingham we once more make for the railway and Morpeth is reached, the following morning we are up betimes to see Mr. John Vickers's herd at C-itehburn. Many will remember that grand white bull, Duke of Howl John, exhibited at the Carlisle Royal by Mr. Vickers, winner of first in the aged bull class, and Mr. S. P. Foster's Champion prize in the male classes ; he was bred at Ho\vl John, near Stanhope, being a son of the Mantalini bull, White Duke, and descended from Red Rosette, by Mr. Booth's Royal Buck, certainly he has left some very handsome cows as mementos of him at Catchburn. The first male animal used by Mr. Vickers after starting farming on his own account was Lorenzo Vallo, of almost similar breeding to Duke of Howl John, their dams being own sisters, he was commended at the Durham County in good Company, Royal 5(> SHOJiTHOHN HERDS OF ENGLAND. Windsor, and Royal Irvvin, being the two above him. Did You Ever 30874, succeeded him, and was brother to Duke of Howl John, who followed next, all three bred by the Messrs. Tickers, at Stanhope. From cows brought from his parental home Mr. John Vickers's herd is descended ; the family of the '; noble Duke " must have precedence, which is represented by his daughter, Lady Manfred 2nd, and a heifer from her, Queen Athole, by Blair Athol, the former is a very fine lengthy cow, but the latter is wanting in the same good quality as the dam possesses. Meadow Rose, a daughter of Did You Ever, is a rare old milking sort, and another excellent daughter of this bull is Lady Wild Eyes, the mother of Purity, Lady Like, and Wild Flower. Two of the grandest cows are Purity and Beauty, the former is newly calved, and Beauty fully verities her name, being a very thick heavy fleshed roan, with a fine clear eye, and good countenance, unfortunately she has bred nothing but bulls, at present she is in calf to Ingrain's Chief, bought from Mr. Handley, with which Mr. Vickers won the prize in his clsss at the Border Union Show at Kelso, and afterwards sold to Mr. John Hope for Bow Park at a good figure. Of a number of young bulls, a white, by Percy, from Lady Like, is considered the best of a lot of four together, and has every indication, if fortunate, of a future before him, his sire, it may be mentioned, bred at Catchburn, was sold to Mr. W. Handley. Veteran, a well fleshed, light roan, bred at Hartforth, and purchased from Mr. Outluvaite by Mr. Vickers, has baen exhibited locally the past season with success. Acolyte, of good colour, and full of hair, has been a joint puchase with Mr. Angus, of Bearl, from the Storrs herd, he is a highly bred Medora, by Lord Protector, out of Recluse. Within ten minutes walk of Chevington Station, Mr. J. W. Annett, at West Chevington, has a small herd mostly of the much appreciated Messrs. Angus's blood, begun in 76 by the purchase of Lilywhite, and White Rose 2nd, of the Sprightly and Premium tribes, half sisters, by Mr. W. Torr's Mountain Hero, these cows have been fairly prolific, at present five trace to the former and four SHOUT HORN HERDS OF ENULAXD. 57 to the latter. Mr. Annett began with using Knight of Murrah, a Cumberland bred bull, by Knight of Killerby, afterwards bulls of the Havvkhill blood weie used, and at present Gallantly, a thick shoit legged bull, of the Gaiety tribe, is in use, a son of Mr. W. Talbot Ciosbie's Foreign Viceroy, and Gay Flower. A thiid family is that represented by Mantilla 3rd, and her bull calf, tracing to Mr. John Booth's Mantle, by Marcus. The herd is kept as useful farm stock, and Butter Dish is the only animal that has been exhibited, and she merely at the local Morpeth Show where she was placed second to a heifer from Catchburn. Crags ide, beautifully situate near to Rothbury, is the residence of Sir W. G. Armstrong, C.B., who possesses a herd singularly unique of its kind, every female being of a fashionable tribe, and descended from one cow, Mr. Cheney's Wild Oxford, the dam of six heifers at Gaddesby, which were sold at an average of over 400gs. each, Mr. T. Gow securing for Cragside three own sisters named Wild Duchesses of Geneva, by which name the family have since been known here, and the males as Wild Dukes of Geneva, the twenty seventh being the last born, while thirty eight has been reached in the " Wild Duchesses," and twenty nine are now their present number, here at any rate the theory that purer the tribe, and greater the proportion of males, is set at naught, as on referring to the pedigree what more line bred than this branch of the Wild Eyes. ? The owner has gradually drafted his other tribes from time to make room for the increase of the Wild Duchesses of Geneva, of which, with the exception of the sale of a couple in the past summer to Canada, none have been sold. From 1878 to 1885, five Oxford bulls and one Barrington have done service in the herd, excluding Oxford Beau 4th, from Kingscote, they all hailed from Holker, and at Hindlip, in May, the best of the Dukes came north to Cragside. Duke of Somerset, of an unfortunate red and white, is a son of Mr. E. E. Oliver's Grand Duke 30th, and Duchess 114th, he is a very handsome level bull, of excellent quality, and likely to do good especially after the introduction of so much Oxford blood, we 53 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. understand the South Americans offered in vain 1500gs. for him twelve months ago, and it may be added that Mr. Drewry has sent two of the Holker Oxfords for service to him in his new home. Wild Duchess of Geneva 5th, out of one of the original purchases, now ranks as the oldest of the family, all of which are either red or roan, thus adding to the family resemblance, and the older cows and heifers as they come down from the hill side pastures where they have been out the whole December afternoon, looking none the worse for it, make a pretty group. The Eighth and the Ninth, own sisters in blood, by Duke of Oxford 27th, both very fine good looking cows, are our special favourites amongst the older matrons, the younger is considered the^better, but it must not be forgotten that there is a difference of two years and the same number of months between them, when the Ninth arrives at that age, her wonderful good back will probably not be what it is at present. Of a younger generation we have the Eleventh, and Twelfth, by Duke of Harrington 8th, a grand pair of heavy fleshed young animals, the former with a lovely head and horn. The Seventh put to Duke of Waterloo 5th, produced the Thirteenth, curiously the cross has not succeeded, and yet the dam and sisters of the bull are some of the best cattle at Capheaton. The Sixteenth, a very stylish cow, is one of the oldest of Duke of Oxford 48th's daughters, while the Eighteenth has hardly the size of the Twentieth, and the Twenty First, another very promising young cow, has not long had her first born to Duke of Oxford 62nd. The Twenty Sixth, a grandly ribbed heifer, owing to an accident to her leg, is lower in condition than the rest. The Twenty Ninth, and Thirtieth, are two excellent daughters of 1884, by Duke of Oxford 48th, from the Ninth, and Fifth ; and in the autumn months of the same year five more Wild Duchesses of Geneva were born, Thirty One to Thirty Five inclusive, occupying one shed, we have thus the opportunity of comparing their rival merits, and after careful inspection, we prefer the oldest, a lengthy, deep heifer, very good in her underline, and full of hair, the daughter of the Eighteenth, and Baron Oxford 12th, who is also the sire of a pair of very pretty calves, out of the Fifteenth, and Sixteenth, as well as a capital coated one out of the Twentieth. SHORTHORN HERDS OF RNGLATCD. 59 Scots Crap Junction, in addition to being the station for Capheaton, is also available for Kirkwhelpington, where Mr. Robert Harrett has bred shorthorns for a considerable time. The largest family possessed by him come from stock originally in the hands of his Father from 1822 to 1846, when the dam of the first registered cow in the pedigree came into his possession, and was put to Mr. Bro well's Pilot 7333, after three more pure bred sires had been added, Moss Eose was the result, she proved the mother of Talley- rand, 3rd at the Newcastle Royal in 1864, another show animal of this family was Lord Henry, exhibited eleven times, and winner of nine firsts, and after he left Mr. Harret's possession he won the Cup at Aberdeen. In addition to Talleyrand, Moss Rose had Queen of Tetholme, who sent to Col. Gunter's 2nd Duke of Wetherby, when on hire at Wellington, bred Duchess of Kirkwhelpington, a name which Mr. Harrett has continued for this branch until they are eleven in number, and the Duchess Charlotte Florentias, from Moss Rose's daughter, Duchess Charlotte Florentia, by Stanwick, a sire used at Kirkwhelpington purchased from Sir Walter Trevelyan, are now an even half dozen. The majority of the animals were away at. a distant farm, and we had to be content with seeing a few only of the females. Duchess of Kirkwhelpington 3rd, from the 2nd Duke of Wetherby cow, has been a prize winner in early days, and now in her old age is a fine specimen of a shorthorn" in the same building is a sister, by Lord Dunmore's Duke of Airth, a son of 2nd Duke of Collingham, and Kirklevington 12th. The Lady Wharf dales, Duchess of Wharf dales, Ruby Roses, and Gipsy le Grands, all trace to Lucy, by Pantaloon, bought of Mr. Browell, through her daughters, Ruby and Gipsy ; the former bred three heifers, Duchess of Wharfdale, Ruby Rose, and Duchess of Oxford, the last named having Lady Wharfdale, so this family has now four distinct branches. Lady Wharfdale, fourteen years of age, has a grand udder, and a very nice roan cow calf, by Prince of the Dale ; another very straight calf, is a red from Gipsy le Grand 3rd, also a daughter of the Prince's. Mr. Harrett's only other family are the Rosebuds, bought from Mr. Wilson, of Cumledge, and closely 60 SHORTHORN HERDS OF KNGLA.ND. related to the Duke of Northumberland's Rosebud 12th, the Royal winner at Preston. Bates bulls have been in recent years used at Kirkwhelpington, including Duke of Lining, a purely bred Peach Blossom from Mr. Hetherington's, and Prince of Waterloo 2nd, and Prince of the Dale, both bred by Mr. Robt. Lodge, the latter a son of Duke of Gunterstone, and Princess of the Valley, of Mr. Col ling's Princess tribe, is the sire now in use, a red with but little white, he has a good masculine head and horn, with a straight level top, but a little more depth in his brisket would be better. About equal distance with Mr. Harrett's from Scots Gap Junction is Capheaton, where one of the finest Bates herd in this country is kept, and so prolific has it been of late, that during the present year two drafts of females have been considered necessary, fourteen going to Dringhouses in April, and ten in September ; in addition to these, five were sold privately to Mr. John Hope for exportation. Despite these heavy sales the herd numbers sixty six. without the males. When it is known that Sir John Swinburne's herd, is managed on the strict principle of selection, the best of the tribes being always retained — which no doubt accounts for the large number (thirteen) the herd now contains — some idea of the quality of those left at Capheaton may be gathered from the character of the animals sent to Dringhouses. In fashion's market the Oxfords rank first in the herd, and the 1450 guinea calf at the Holker sale in 1878, Grand Duchess of Oxford 38th, by Mr. Fox's imported Duke of Airdrie 24th, has proved a most fortunate purchase, having bred nothing but cow calves, and her daughters likewise hitherto ; she is a large fine cow, very wide across her loins, with excellently laid shoulders, but inclined to grow patchy about the tail. Empress of Oxford, the oldest daughter, has had the Third, to Lord Bective's Duke of Underley 7th, a son of his Millbeckstock purchase, Duchess of Hillhurst 5th ; the Second, a fine goodlooking cow, has Duke of Oxford 48th, for sire. Two very pretty calves are Empresses of Oxford 6th, and 7th, by Baron Oxford 12th, who has left a lot of remarkable good heifers in the herd ; they are from the two oldest sisters, and are in the park with three others out for exercise, a SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 61 beautiful group which would do great credit to any herd, and to any sire ; with the exception of a Waterloo, they are all by Baron Oxford 12th, the light, roan from Empress of Oxford 2nd, being particularly grand in front, but the Oxfords are both very straight and good throughout. The Waterloos are largely represented, both in numbers (19), and merit, the Lady Waterloos came into Northumberland first to Sir Walter C. Trevelyan's, and when at the dispersion of the herd after his death in 1879, six of the tribe were purchased of three different branches for Capheaton, so with Lady Waterloo 23rd, a light roan, by 7th Duke of York, bought at Mr. Wm. Angerstein's sale in September 1876, along with her white heifer by 3rd Duke of Claro, the tribe had a good start given it which it has maintained. Lady Waterloo 23rd, still reigns the matron of the family, and at her decease the last daughter of the ever memorable 7th Duke of York will cease to exist. Lady Waterloo 37th, out of a 9th Duke of Geneva cow, is next in seniority of this branch, and along with her, is her daughter, Lady Waterloo 39th, by Duke of Oxford 48th. Empress of Waterloo 10th, one of the pretty group of calves in the Park, is also from her, and the Sixth, a year older, own sister, is an exceedingly level heifer. Empress of Waterloo, with quite the Givendale colour, by Mr. K. Pavin Davies's Oxford's Prince, was the first calf of Lady Waterloo 29th, after coming from Wallington, and thus half-sister to Lady Waterloo 37th ; previous to the dispersion of Sir Walter Trevelyan's herd, both Capheaton and Wallington, had continued the numbers from the Gaddesby herd, but now with the new year of 1880 a change was resorted to, and Empress of Waterloo was born in January. The Fourth, a rather light red, full of style, is by Winsome Duke, and has a double cross of the Cambridge Rose blood on the fine old Lady Waterloo 23rd, and the Eighth, a light roan, by Duke of Waterloo 7th, a very level well ribbed heifer, is the last daughter of the old cow. From the Lady Waterloo branch we turn to Waterloo 32nd, bought at Wallington with Waterloo Maid,- and Waterloo Maid 2nd, but the five females are from the two former, mother and daughter. Waterloo 32nd, a good cow in 62 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. herself, has bred some particularly good heifers, and Duke of Waterloo 7th, a handsome bull thatj made 115gs. to Rose, Innes, & Co., for South America, in April 1884, at Dringhouses; the youngest daughter Waterloo Maid 6th, by Winsome Duke, is a rare thick calf, with grand neck and chest, not unlike her older sister, the Fifth, a light roan, of great depth and substance. There are also two more sisters, the 3rd, a red and little white, by 48th Duke of Oxford, and the 4th, own sister to the Fifth, and Sixth, a dark roan, thick and well made. The Grand Waterloos also came from Wallington in the shape of Grand Waterloo 4th, a four months old calf, by Duke of Oxford 27th, the dam of Grand Waterloo 5ih, by Duke of B.irrington 8th, a very fine lengthy cow, Grand Earl of Waterloo 2nd, a handsome youngster sold at the recent Dringhouses sale, as well as an own brother, but a week or two old, and Grand Waterloo 6th, unfortunately a white. These Waterloos were formerly at Bi-ayton. before going to Nunwick, where Sir Walter C. Trevelyan bought Waterloo 22nd, by Kildonan. The Wild Eyes, like the Waterloo family, have three branches at Capheaton^ Winsome Isis, a fine specimen of a shorthorn, with a rare brisket, close to the ground, and full of quality, was bought in the neighbouring County of Durham, at the Shotley Hall sale, her youngest calf, Winsome Empress 4th, is a little beauty, and was one of the group we so much admired in the Park. Winsome Duke, her son by Duke of Oxford 48th, was freely used in the herd, and left good stock, with such a dam and sister he could hardly do otherwise. Winsome 23rd, bought at the last Holker sale, represents the Bright Eyes's formerly at Sproatley Rise, no complaint can be made by the owner of idleness, as it is but three years and three months since her purchase, and Winsome Empresses 2nd, 3rd, and oth, have all been added to the herd by her. The oldest, a dark roan, is a straight level heifer, with Baron Oxford 12th for her sire. Wild Princess 5th, a large framed massive cow, comes from Wild Oxford, the same as the numerous Wild Duchesses of Geneva at Cragside, and is the dam of Wild Princess 7th. The Princesses have been extraordinarily prolific, from Princess Sale, a three months old calf at the Underley sale in 1874 purchased by Sir John Swinburne for SHORTHOEN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 63 370gs, no less than twelve females now descend, in addition to one sold, and General Sale llth, has arrived in the male line, so a record of twenty four animals bred from a three months old calf, bought eleven years ago last September, is not so very bad for highbred shorthorns. The original purchase was by 2nd Duke of Tregunter, from Lord Bective's favourite cow, Lady Sale of Putney, she is still alive, and last month had her seventh cow calf, Empress Sale 7th, to Duke of Oxford 69th. Princess Sale, was sent for service to Duke of Underley, and Countess Sale, the produce, is down calving with a good show for milk; Countess Sale 2nd, another daughter, has also every appearance for milk, but with somewhat small teats. Princess Sale 3rd, and Countess Sale 3rd, mother and daughter, are a pair of useful looking cows, while Empress Sales 5th, and 6th, by Winsome Duke, are a promising pair of '85 calves, the latter from Countess Sale 2nd, is own sister to the steer that had taken a first in the yearling class at the recent exhibition at Bingley Hall. Countess of Barrington 12th, a rather small but pretty cow, with her daughter, the Thirteenth, spring from the Lady Barringtons formerly in Mr. Kobarts's herd at Lillingstone Dayrell, since then, Havering Park, and Holker, have each been their birthplaces before coming into Northumberland. Lady Foggathorpe 2nd, a light roan of 1881, is out of Graffin Foggathorpe 12th, obtained from Mr. Geo. Graham's ; this cow is the oldest of the three Foggathorpes, her sister, the Fifth, is however the pick of the family, and the Fourth, a good fronted heifer with a lot of style, is wanting in her thighs. The Fantails of Bell-Bates origin have Fantail's Duchess, by 9th Duke of Geneva, from the Barleycorn cow at their head, and three very nice young heifers coming forward, all by Baron Oxford 12th. The Cleopatras, beautifully bred, have still Caroline 5th, one of the original purchases from Mr. Angerstein's amongst them. Carolines 6th, and 8th, are her daughters, to Duke of Barrington 8th, and Winsome Duke. Since Earl of Dublin, the sire of the original Cleopatra, there have been added Prince of Glos'ter, bred at Holker, Lord Oxford, and 10th Grand Duke, used at Holker, and Duke Lally, a strictly pure Lally bull ; such blood as this might well be tried by 64 StfORTUOUX KERDS OF EXGLA.ND. Bates breeders before wandering so far afield for fresh material to interweave with their favourite tribss. Miss Beverley 22nd, bred at Shotley Hall, has a very wealthy heifer calf, by Winsome Duke, since Mr. Hope took Miss Beverley 23rd to Bow Park in the summer, these are all that are left of the family, and there are likewise but a brace of Mr. Bowly's Musicals. Lady Bird 19th, a white, keeps up the tribal name begun at Havering Park, whence they oiiginated. The Archduchesses of Oxford originally from Mr. J. B. Faviell, of Stockfield Park, have since had the advantage of the sires used at Capheaton. Duke of Oxford 69th, a red two year old son of Baron Oxford 8th. and Grand Duchess of Oxford 55th, is at present in use, he is a neat bull, but a little bare over his crops. The only other young male is General Sale 10th, a red, by the Winsome bull, from Princess Sale 3rd, he is a very promising youngster, but not a year old till February. In conclusion we may say that looking at the general condition and breeding state of the herd, Sir John Swinburne is to be congratulated on having hit the happy medium as to what is ''breeding condition," as certainly the herd were looking very blooming consider- ing the month of December, and withal were breeding regularly. After a pleasant day spent amongst the herd at Capheaton, we find Bearl is not to be reached except via Newcastle, or Reedimiouth, so as it is only a dozen miles across the hills, we prefer the latter, and are ample recompensed by a lovely view of the surrounding country, owing to the effect of a bi illiant sunset on the mists arising from the valleys. The Messrs. Angus's great grandfather lived at Styford, on the adjoining farm to the Messrs. Jobling, and there had the use of the bulls hired by the latter breeders from the brothers Colling, and in 1801, when the stock at Styford were sold, excepting the heifer calves, these went to Broomley. The Tithes of Styford belonged to the Vicar of Bywell St. Andrews, and it is related how Vicar Johnson, who was a keen fox hunter, on one occasion when he was uniting a couple " for better or for worse," the hounds passing the Church in full cry, could not resist the temptation to dash off the surplice, leaving the half wedded couple probably some- what mystified, and more disappointed than were the Messrs. Jobling, v hen the Vicar, for his tithes, selected their favourite calf. SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 65 The old Styford stock being thus full of Colling blood, all the five families now at Bearl, trace to a Son of Habback 319. The herd has been bred on the same lines as that of Broomley was, which when sold in 1869, and 1878, realized an average of =£44 on both occasions for the fifty five and sixty head respectively, no bad econium of the merits of what is now familiarly spoken of as the old " Angus " blood. Of recent years King Malcolm, and Master of Arts, have been hired from Warlaby, Richmond, bred at Aylesby, and Foreign Viceroy, out of Mr. Torr's Foreign Queen, have all been usad, as well as Ben Brace, of the Killerby Bracelet trib3, a Royal winner both in England and Ireland. At present, Village Chief, a three year old son of Mr. Aylmer's Sir Brian, and Villager, of the Village Rose tribe, is in service, having been first hired from his breeder, Mr. Win. Fox, and then purchased at the sale last spring ; he is a dark roan of good character, with excsllent quality. Cherry Necklet. Strawberry Blossom, and Princess Mab, are the first sean, the last naimd a square framed, wide ribbed cow, is the best of the three, while Cherry Necklet, has bred three heifers in succession, and Strawberry Blossom, a neat daughter of King Malcolm's, with Strawberry Flower, represent the "Smelt House" family, so named on account of the original cow having come from Mr. Atkinson, of Smelt House, who had however previously obtained them either late in the last century, or early in the present one, from Mr. Angus, of Styford, which came again into the possession of the family about 1835. Dairy Queen, of the " Premium" tribe, headed by King Malcolm, Hawthorn, and Ben Brace, has lengthy even quarters, and Princess Mabel, by Master "of Arts, from Princess Mab, is very level on her top, and good in her underline. Costly Queen, has had her second calf at two years and ten months old, and Gray Flower, although bred by Mr. J. B. Lee, is out of a sister to the W3ll known Gaiety 3rd, already noticed in the Alnwick herd. Next we have four calves, a white from Gay Flower, has great substance, and is sired, as well as two others, by Young Albion, the last lot at the Unicarville sale, when he was bought for Bearl, where aft^r a short term of service he was sold to Mr. Win. Fox. Perhaps the prettiest of the quartette, is a E 66 SHORTHORN HKRDS OF ENGLAND. roan, out of Cherry Necklet, by Ben Bolt, a son of Ben Brace, and Myrtle, the mother of Gay Flower. Daisy of Tyndale, a light roan daughter of Ben Brace, anil Daffodil, has been a local prize winner, and is a very handsome cow, with great substance, and a capital rib and loin, but her thighs might ba somewhat better filled. Then two cows of Mr. Aylraer's Hawthorn's get, are seen, Cherry Blossom 3rd, and Dairy Girl, the former a large framed light roan, and the latter, the mother of a good red bull ; Cherry Cheeks, one of the few by Richmond, is a heavy fleshed red and white. Then in the field we have five pretty heifers, all daughters of Foreign Viceroy, out of Strawberry Blossom, Cherry Necklet, Princess Mab, Snowdrop's (rein, and Eosebud 1 4th. At South Acomb, almost adjoining Bearl, Mr. W. Trotter, still has a few shorthorns, including what are known as the "Kate" family, bred from a cow named Peepy, bought by Mr. Trotter's father, from Messrs. Atkinson about sixty years ago. With Messrs. Atkinson ^Peepy) on one side, and Mr. Angus (Broomley) on the other, exceptional advantages in the use of sires were enjoyed by Mr. Trotter, and Mr. Booth's Knight of Windsor was hired conjointly with the owners of the former herd. In 1875. Mr. Trotter began to send his milk to Newca tie, and in 1883, to keep a dairy record ; the shorthorns had to stand its test, and those that failed went the way of the ordinary cattle, it may be mentioned that one of the "Kate" tribe gave in one year 7959-4 Ibs of milk, and Necklace, descended from Violet, by Mr. Booth's Lord George, is close behind with a record of 775( MHORTllOKN HKKDS OF ENGLAND. substantial and well made, with a nice mellow touch. On passing out of the byre we are attracted by a very handsome red, and on enquiry, she is found to be by Wetherby Winsome, but unfortunately " not eligible." In one of a double row of boxes is Oxford Duchess of Killhow, own sister to the Third, a really tine cow, which §had been sent to Eoyal Stuart, at Warlaby, but failed to breed, previously she had a red bull, to Mr. Aylmer's Sir Simeon, sold to Mr. A. H. Longman ; in another box is the Ninth, by the Leicester sire, out of the Fifth, a very taking calf, so also is her companion. Winning Beauty, from Winsome Beauty. Of half a do/en yearlings, chiefly Master Inglewood's daughters, our choice is Altioia Gwynne, a wealthy, good heifer, with gr^at substance; Royal Gwynnes 10th, and llth, are two more of the right sort, the latter being the fourth own sister, we have seen out of Ross Gwynne 2nd, and the old lady herself is next on turn, but after fifteen years old, Mr. Foster can hardly expect another calf, and considering how hard she has worked for him, she deserves to end her days in peace and quietude. Lastly, we have a pair of excellent Oxford heifers, Oxford Duchess of Killhow 8th, the last daughter of the Whitehall purchase, and Oxford Duchess of Killhow 7th, by Duke of Underley 3rd, from the Oxford cow first seen, in age they vary but a day, as they are intended for the autumn sale, the public will have the giving of the verdict, which is the better, we, at any rate, are inclined to favour the older. The foundation of a herd at Cummersdale, was laid by the puchase of Jelly Flower 4th, bought at Mr. J. P. Foster's sale in 1868 ; since then, Mr. Joseph Dalton, who had the management of the herd from time to time, was a buyer of many a " bit of Bates," as yet a sale had never taken place, and we are sure if he had lived to complete his work, that the herd at Cummersdale, was destined to take a high position in the County, but unfortunately catching cold at the late Brampton Show, he never recovered from the effects of it, and those who knew his love for shorthorns, will miss his familiar face amongst the frequenters of Bates sale rings. The Messrs, Dalton supplying their workpeople at the adjacent Mills, with milk, their shorthorns had to do their duty at the pail. Duke of Siddington SHORTHORN HERBS OF ENGLAND. 91 28182, bred by Mr. W. W. Slye, and Marquis llth 45210, by the Earl of Bective, both of the famous Kirklevington tribe, have been used, and Cherry Duke of Holker 42921, a fine looking Bates bull, is at the head of the herd, which position he has occupied for some- time, he is a grandson of that beautiful heifer, Cherry Queen, pui chased by Mr. J. W. Larking, for l,200gs, at the Underley sale in 1874. A colleague has lately been found for him in Grand Earl of Waterloo 2nd 51357, a very handsome, level young bull, in walking, he steps out well, and has a gay dashing carriage, bred at Capheaton, he is a son of Baron Oxford 12th, and Grand Waterloo 4th. Quite a strong contingent of the Jelly Flower tribe, are the first to hand, among the females. Jelly Flower 17th, is the last calf of the Killhow purchase, and there is a particularly wealthy heifer of which we appear not to have ascertained the number, the b^st of the family. Butterfly Queen, is a strong fine looking cow of the Butterfly Princesses. The Wild Eyes have three branches, the fashionable Lady Worcesters, the descendants, numbering seven, of Wild Eyes 33rd, and 35th, exclusive of the latter, a fine dairy like cow, with a capital udder, still breeding regularly, the youngest born, a roan cow calf, of October, being the 45th, in addition she is the dam of the 38th, and 40th, both somewhat plain in their quarters. Lady Worcester Wild Eyes 2nd, bred by Mr. R. Lodge, a good medium sized cow, with nice skin, and touch, has two heifers by the Cherry Duke bull, the younger is very promising, and has already been mentioned as seen at Blaithwaite, after Mr. Pattinson Dal ton had dispersed the herd under the hammer. The third branch is Lady Wild Eyes 10th, a daughter of Lord Braybrooke's Duke of Rosedale 6th, is one of the few pure specimens of the tribe, and was cheaply purchased at the Lathom sale. The Peach Blossoms, of the Bell Bates, Place, or Poppy family, have two lengthy, good looking representatives in Peach Blossoms 14th, and 17th. Another Bell Bates tribe, the Fletchers, are well to the fore in Duchess Fantail 3rd. No cow stands nearer to the ground than Royal Butterfly Princess 2nd, a somewhat gaudy daughter of Duke of Siddington, 92 SHORTHOBN HERDS OF ENGLAND. but her colour is overlooked, when that grand depth of frame is considered. Gazelle Gray, although by Grand Duke 31st, is not by any means the same beautiful style of cow that we remember her darn, Gazelle 3rd. Mr. Dalton has some promising yearling heifers, in one yard, out of a Butterfly Princess, Jelly Flower, and Wild Eyes (two branches), the Lady Worcester calf already noticed is our favourite ; and of a second quartette in the ad joining yard, Christmas Gwynne, the youngest, is probably the best animal, while a Butterfly Princess, out of Butterfly Queen, has great abundance of hair ; Princess of York 6th, and Peach Blossom 18th, were calved on successive days, in November, twelve months ago, the former is a Fawsley Furbelow, through Chemisette, by Earl of Dublin, sold at Sir Chas. Knightley's sale for 105gs, to Sir W. Stirling-Maxwell. Seven miles to the North East of Carlisle, is Scaleby Castle, where the herd of that name was founded by Mr. Rowland Fawcett, the father of the late Mr. James Fawcett, towards the close of the last, and in the early part of the present century, by the purchase of good and useful North of England shorthorns, whose entries are found in the earliest volumes of the Herd Book, and the earliest sires included Emperor 1010, Champion 3310, and Pizarro 1329, all sons of Favourite 256, and Elvira, a daughter of Mr. Robert Ceiling's celebrated cow Princess, whose blood was further introduced through Snowball 1465, and Don Quixote 987, sons of her grand-daughter Elverina. The late Mr. Fawcett, was from early youth intimately acquainted with Mr. Bates, by whose counsel he was guided in the management of the herd left him by his father, and through his advice purchased Butterfly, by the Princess bull Bellerophon 3117, since a favourite deep milking sort at Scaleby, known as the Butterfly Princesses. Disraeli 10125, found in several of the pedigrees, wras obtained amongst other sires from Mr. Bates. Duke of Oxford 14th 21605, bred at Holker, and Royal Cumberland 27358, a son of Grand Duke 4th, and the celebrated Moss Rose, were both extensively and successfully used. At Mr. Thomas Bell's sale, in Sept. 1871, 8th Duke of York, was purchased for l,065gs, being the first animal at public auction in England, which eclipsed the l.OOOgs SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. UJ paid for Comet 155, at Ketton, in 1810, and after four years service at Scaleby Castle, he was offered at the sale in Sept. 1875, with a reserve of l,000gs. upon him, and at that figure claimed by Mr. T. Holford. Mr. Fawcett added various fresh families to the original Scaleby stock, at different periods. Southwick, Brawith, and Didmarton, furnishing some of the earlier innovations, but the most fashionable female additions were Kirklevington Duchess 5th, bought from Mr. E. Pavm Davies, and three heifers, a daughter, and two grand-daughters of Mr. Slye's Lady Bates 3rd, bred at Havering Pai-k. Sales were held in 1868-70-73, and after the death of Mr. Fawcett, the portion of the herd sold in 1875, realized an average of just over one hundred guineas, for fifty six head. Since then, the herd has been bred solely from the tribes then at Scaleby Castle, by the present owners, Mrs. and Capt. M. Fawcett, to which have been used two sons, and a grandson of Kirklevington Duchess 5th, sold privately to Sir Curtis Lampson for l,100gs, being the highest priced Kirklevington ever sold in England, and at present in service, is Thorndale Duke 48821, bred by Mr. A. H. Lloyd, out of that fine cow Thorndale Rose 14th, he being assisted by a home bred Lady Bates bull. Without doubt, the finest cow now at Scaleby, is Lady York and Thorndale Bates 2nd, a magnificent white daughter of 8th Duke of York, and Lady Tregunter Bates. All the produce from this cow have been sold, three daughters leaving their parental home during the past year, one for the States, and two for Mr. T. A. Titley's rising herd in Lincolnshire. There is also an excellent red heifer from Lady Clarence Bates, half-sister to Lady Tregunter Bates. Another branch of the Barrington family, are the Lallys, originally from Winterfold, which include Duchess Lally 2nd, a lengthy, good backed daughter of the original purchase. Kirklevington Duchess 30th, is the solitary specimen of the Kirklevingtons, and being the produce of Kirklevington Duchess llth, by her own son, is naturally too neat, and fine of bone. The Peach Blossoms, purchased at Mr. Bell's, along with the Duke bull, have two useful cows in the Fifteenth, and Sixteenth, mother, and daughter. The Gwynnes have descendants of Polly Gwynne 2nd, and Amy Gwynne, 94 SHORTHORN HEHDS OF ENOLAXD. to represent them, the latter being known as York's Gwynne Duchesses: while Waterloo Duchess 2nd, a neat m.ids, medium sized cow, with her two heifers, represent the Waterloos, originally at Nunwick, like Amy Gwynne. The Butterflys, and Channels, had been sold out, but a calf of each family was obtained at the Underley and Castle Hill sales, the latter now a two year old, is by Lord Fitzhardinge'a Duke of Leicester 3rd, and the former by the famous Duke of Underley, has a daughter already aspired to matronhood, and each has a bull calf of the past season Princess Louisa Alexandra, is a very handsome cow of the Knightly Furbelow tribe, and in addition we saw, both a highly bred, and well shaped, dark roan Ursula. Passing onwards, midway between Scaleby, and Brampton, the village of Irthington is reached, and at The Nook, Mr. G. J. Bell has a herd of ovor forty in number, originating with three cows, Area Belle, Lady, and Lucy, from the herd of the late Mr. Thos. Bland, of Knock. Additional purchases were made from time to time, and such high class sires as Baron Winsome 39449, Duke of Thorndale 33739, Duke of Oxford 36th 38170, and Baron Turncroft Bates 3rd 39443. have preceded the present one, Grand Duke Worcester, a son of Grand Duke of Geneva 2nd, and Lady Worcester 10th. He is a rich roan lengthy bull, with a good rib, and wide loin. Dairying is here the main object, and to ensure a good market for the butter, it is sent as far as Bradford, and the calves are reared on skim milk, supplemented after a time by calf meal. Eveiy cow's milk is weighed once a week, and the amount given, multiplied by the number of days, is recorded, thus the quantity given by each cow is obtained with little trouble, surely more farmers might follow Mr. Bell's example, both for their own information, and for the benefit of their pockets. One of the best byres on a farm, in the hands of a tenant farmer in the County, we had the pleasure of seeing at The Nook, it having stalls for 26 cows to tie up, with a good space behind. Lady Mary, is by Mr. John Downing's Noiman Fame, from Lady Julia, a Booth on Mason heifer, bought at the dispersion of Mr. Askew's STTORTflORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 95 small herd, when sold at the George Hotel, Penrith, this the only daughter she bred, has heifers of 1880, and 1882, in the same byre, and one of 1884. among-t the younger cattle. Lady Rosalind, the oldest, is by Baron Turncroft Bates 3rd, but her sister, Lady Eliza- beth, is considered the better animal. Then we have Early Rose, one of Mr. Mark Stewart's Brilliants, a fine handsome cow, very lengthy and straight, the best in the herd, further she exemplifies the old saying of " handsome is that handsome does," as she has bred a lot of capital bulls, and a good daughter. Captain Boycott, her son, was third at the Royal at York, General Graham, was sold to Mr. Porter, and has been already noticed at Blackhow, while New Year's Gift, passed into Mr. C. W. Brierley's hands, at the October sale, at Bingley Hall. Lucy's Darling, and Lucy's Pet, are sisters of 1880, and 1881, of the original Knock sort, the former a neat straight cow, but the latter the better at the pail, giving 54| quarts per week for 46 weeks. Butterfly's Mememto 5th, one of the few cows now living, bred at Townley, of the once celebrated Barmpton Rose tribe, having bred regularly at Inglewood, changed owners about two years ago, and has continued to do so here, Butterfly's Surprise, being just over the twelve months, and Butterfly's Christmas Mememto, not yet a week. Cherry Gwynne 5th, a pretty little cow, not one of Xell Gwynne's descendants, as many might suppose, traces through Mr. Robert Jefferson's, and Dr. Dickinson's hands, to Lady, by Young Western Comet 1575. Evelina, by an Holker Oxford sire, from a dam of the Emma family, which produced the famous Edgar, has the best record of Mr. Bell's cows, having been in milk 48 weeks, and given 60 \ quarts per week. Prudence, by the same sire, a large framed useful like animal, is one of the few that Mr. Bell has a com- plete account of the second years produce, and the slight difference is in favour of the first year. Marion Lee, and her two daughters, are the representatives of a family with but five crosses, ending with Myrtle, by Mr. T. Bates' Disraeli 10125. Brilliant Rose, the good daughter of Early Rose, before mentioned, has hardly the size of the dam, and in the last stall, are a couple of Alderneys. Fawsley Gwynne, bred at Inglewood, and the 5W SHORTHORN NERDS OF companion purchase of the Butterfly cow, having calved twins, unfortunately one of each sex, is allowed to suckle them. In 'the calf pens, are a red, from Cherry Gwynne 5th, and a roan, from Prudence, in company with the young Butterfly. The half dozen older heifers are all Grand Duke Worcester's get, and with the exception of Strawberry Bloom, from the cows already noticed. Mr. Bell has since resorted to the Oxford tribe, for a successor to his good looking Worcester bull, and purchased Wat-ton Grrand Duke of Oxford, a son of Earl Bective's Grrand Duke 31st, and that very fine cow, Grand Duchess of Oxford 33rd. Armathwaite is our first stopping place, after leaving Carlisle for the East of the County ; at Low House, two miles distant, Mr. E. Ecroyd began a herd by purchasing four females at the Bray ton sale of 1881, afterwards ten were bought privately from Mr. Robert Thompson, no less than seven being of the once famous Barmpton Rose tribe, and from these the herd has been bred, with the exception of another branch of the Barmpton Eose family, which came from the Edgehill sale, three heifers from Edenhall, and Deepdale 4th, -from Underley. At the farm where Mr. Ecroyd has his shorthorns, considerable improvements have been made by him in the buildings, and Grrand Earl of Waterloo 2nd, Baron Eden, and Baron Sedgwick 3rd, look very comfortable in their new boxes, arranged side by side. The handsome young Waterloo bull has already been favourably noticed in connection with the Cummersdale herd; Baron Eden, is the produce of Bray ton Winsome, and Rhoda 6th, one of the cows which came from Sir Wilfrid Lawson's, while Baron Sedgwick 3rd, was one of the young bulls, sent by Mr. W. H. Wakefield, to Underley, twelve months ago, and is a son of Gusta 3rd, the dam of Gusta 4th, Champion at the Highland Centeniary Meeting at Edinburgh. The Barmpton Rose tribe number eighteen females, and of the Inglewood branch, Pair Butterfly, a grand old white, is a worthy matron of any family, she has here two daughters, Belle of the Butterflies, and Armathwaite Butterfly, the latter bred by Mr. Ecroyd, SHORTHORN HEKDS OF ENGLAND. 97 a daughter of Mr. Thompson's Eoyal Baron, is a very pietty calf. The older sister, bred twin heifers after coining to Arrnathwaite, to that excellent sire Beau Benedict, named Belles of the Butterflies 2nd, and 3rd, the one named the Third, and we presume by that the last born, is a very deep massive heifer, but hardly so much can be said of her sister. Blanche Butterfly, is from Fair Butterfly's daughter, Brunette Butterfly, and has a calf of 1885 by Baron Eden. Of a slightly different branch is Eose Butterfly, a grand-daughter of Butterfly's Memento 2nd, bred at Townley, half-sister to the dam of Fair Butterfly, with the advantage of a fashionable Oxford cross, supplemented by the pure Earl of Thorndale, before arriving at Brilliant Butterfly, a Barmpton Hose, bred at Inglewood, the sire of Eose Butterfly. At the great sale at Townley in 1864, twenty two females of this family averaged 86gs. a piece, the highest priced lot in the sale being a Barmpton Eose heifer. Eoyal Butterfly's Pageanb, sold to Mr. Eastwood for 590gs, again when a second Townley herd was dispersed in 1873, the average of the tribe, nineteen in number, was only six guineas less than the previous sale. The animals purchased at Edgehill, descend from Frederick's Pride, a daughter of that famous getter Frederick, more recently Booth blood has been added by both Mr. Staniforth, and Mr. Eobinson. Barmpton Eose 6th, a capital dairy cow, by a Village Eose bull of Mr. Jefferson's, came accompanied by her three heifers, Barmpton Eoses 8th, 9th, and 10th, all with further crosses of Booth blood. TheFarnley *'• Moss Eose" tribe are well represented by Inglewood Eose 2nd, Inglewood Eose 4th, and Eare Eose, the last named, a very grand heifer, as being the youngest, is naturally seen under the most favoured circumstances, and thegrand-dam it may be added is good atthe pail. Charming Cicely, a daughter of Beau Benedict, and Braw Cicely, of a family formerly in Mr. E. B. Brockbank's possession, also came from Inglewood, and since her arrival, has added one more to the list of females in Mr. Ecroyd's possession. Ehoda 6t h, looking wonderfully well, has a good daughter in Eden Ehoda, own sister to Baron Eden. Of the more recent purchases. Oxford Eose 4th, with the same foundation as the Inglewood Eoses, is the best of the Edenhall heifers, and Deepdale 4th, having only had her first calf, is seen at the worst possible age. J)8 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. Calthwaite Hall is pleasantly situate about midway betwixt Carlisle and Pemith, and here Mr. J. Harris has got together a very promising collection of Holker Oxfords, which will in due time give fame to the name of Calthwaite, as the Oxford Dukes, and Duchesses of Calthwaite, become mote numerous. Mr Harris first purchases were at Killhow, and BL ayton, in 18al ; since then, Oxfords have been introduced from Holker, Turncroft, and Underley, and a much admired calf at Holker was secured after a keen contest with the owner of the Elmhurst herd, this calf has now grown into a massive Bates like bull, wonderfully good in his thighs, and the using of him so freely on the Oxfords, as Mr. Harris has done, is without doubt a wise coursa to adopt, and one which might have been tried with success in past years, instead of nothing but Oxford, and Duke sires, and vice versa, as what is more pleasurable to read than Duke of Holker Tth's pedigree ; Baron Oxford 8th, Duke of Geneva 8th, Duke of York 7th, and Duke of Oxford 4th, are the four last male crosses, and the female line are the Lally branch of the Lady Barringtons of illustrious descent, formerly in the hands of Mr. Bates. Fides Gwy nne, a daughter of Baron Oxford 4th, had come from Lathom, and is certainly a pretty cow, with an exquisite velvet like touch. Fanny Gwynne, was bred in Ireland, and naturally could hardly escape without a dash of alien blood in that Booth loving country, then a third Gwynne cow is one of the local Troutbeck sort, obtained from the late sale at Musgrave Hall. Jenny Deans, a grand- daughter of Edgar, is of the Old Daisy tribe, of a branch which passed through Mr. Stewart Majoribanks' herd, and later on that of Mr. C. R. Saunders.' She has a grandly sprung rib, rare back and loin, but not so neat in her quarters as it is desirable. Empress 6th, bred at Scaleby Castle, has taken several prizes, and is a fine shorthorn like cow, with a sweet head, and finely moulded bosom ; then Sonsie 28th, bred at Brayton, the last of the animals in the building, had been shown at Preston, where she was one of the three dairy cows that were awarded second honours. Kinglet 7th, one of Mr. Miller's prize winning group, after coming to Calthwaite had bred King Dove, to the Warlaby Sir Andrew, and both mother, SIIORTHO11N HERDS OF ENGLAND. 90 and daughter, put to Duke of Holker 7th, have brought heifer calves, Duchess Eing Rose, and Ethel Eing Dove, but neither the Bates, nor the Warlaby sire, have produced anything like the original, a fine show cow of the regular Booth type, and many will remember the family when exhibited at Liverpool in 1877, where they won the family prize in a class of seven entries with Einglet 7th as the youngest of the group. Turncroft Duchess of Oxford, bought as a calf at Ashton Hall, has already added another Oxford to the fast increasing family at Calthwaite, and is the first seen of the seven females Mr. Harris now possesses. A very pretty pair are Oxford Duchesses of Calthwaite 1st, and 2nd, out of the two Holker purchases, the younger is the neater, and prettier, and has a lovely younger sister by Mr. Harris' bull. .From the Home Farm, we proceed to another homestead, also situate in the village of Calthwaite, and Underley Oxford, here seen, bred as the name implies, by the Earl of Bective, is hardly considered the equal of the home bred Oxford heifers. Last but not least, is Grand Duchess of Oxford 39th, bought at Holker, with a box to herself, well worthy is she of it, she was one of the finest cows at the sale, and maintains that position since changing her home, with two heifers to her credit, she is heavy in-calf again. We must not omit a good looking young bull, by Grand Duke 31st, out of Grand Duchess of Oxford 49th. The older heifers include daughters of Jenny Deans, and Annie Deans, by Mr. Foster's Great Orme 44903, a Wild Eyes bull, bought at Killhow in 1881, the younger is an epecially nice heifer, full of character. Canterbury Belle, another of Great Onne's daughters, is of the Benson tribe, and has been exhibited several times, she has a grand front, and middle, being especially good in her girth, and mellow in her tomh. Mr. Harris has had wonderful luck with his Oxford tribe, rarely is it that out of so highly prized a family, four heifer calve* are the breeders good fortune to receive, out of the first five born in the herd, and we look forward to the day when Calthwaite will take rank as one of the first in the Country. Adjoining Mr. Harris' estate, is Calthwaite House, where Messrs. J. & D. D. Lazonby have been in the habit of keeping a record of the pedigrees of their cattle for the last twenty years, and 10U SHORTHORN IIKKJJS OF ENGLAND. the sires used by them have included Lord Raglan 43567, bred at Nunwick, Prince Leopold 27157, of ths Familiar tribe, Wild Indian 32867, a son of Pearl Necklace, Bright Duke 37893, bred at Panton, and Royal Fantail 32383, a Bell Bites from Whitehall. For about a period of four years, animals were exhibited at local shows, and upwards of 100 prizes won, but the Messrs. Lazonby, considering that too much foicing was required for a breeding stock to compete successfully, prob.ibly wisely abandoned it. Alexandra Windsor, of Mason blood bought at Mr. J. M. Richardson's sale for 62gs. in 1870, proved the grand-dam of Royal Windsor 43993, fourth in the yearling class at the Carlisle Royal in 1880, and the following year winning Mr. Foster's Cup at Wigton for the best bull bred in the County ; the old lady has been sold to the butcher only a few weeks ago, after breeding 13 live calves for her late owners, and we have the pleasure of seeing several good looking descendants. Lakewards from Calthwaite lies the village of Skelton, in which is situate Mr. J. C. Toppin's comfortable looking residence, Musgrave Hall, but eight miles distant from Ulleswater, and at a height of nearly 800 feet above the level of the sea. For successful breeding of any kind of cattle in this high lying district, animals with abundance of hair, and strong constitutions, are essential conditions, and Mr. Toppin's cattle are not wanting in these characteristics. The herd was founded in 1822, by the present owner's father, who for a long period bred chiefly from a heifer by Mr. Gibson's Harlequin 289, a son of Mr. Charles Colling's Alexander, arid Liberty, purchased at Mr. Machell's sale in that year. Mr. J. C. Toppin cams into possession of the herd in 1858, and at that date the whole herd was comprised of animals descended from the heifer bought at Mr. Machell's sale, but unfortunately in the following year, pleuro- monia swept off all but a single animal of this tribe, and curiously we find only a solitary specimen, the sales of 1876-85 having thinned the ranks, as they increased from the survivor of 1858. Females of various fashionable tribes have been brought info the herd, while the males have of late years been of high class Booth families, and it is to be noted that it was Mr. Toppin who first purchased British roUX HERDS OJf KNULANJ). Inl Knight 33220, afterwards the sire of Lady Pamela,, and when a reserved of 250gs. was announced in the sale catalogue of 1876, it had no deterrent effect on buyers, as a purchaser was found at SOOgs ; evidently well satisfied with the Village Kose tribe, Cunobelin 41310, a son of King James 28971, and British Queen, sister to the dam of British Knight, has been purchased, a white in colour, he is considered by his owner to resemble in head and horn, the well known Windsor, and is a good all round Booth bull. After the last sale, but few females were retained along with Cunobelin for the future herd, advantage has since been taken of the sales at Broughton, and Knowlsmere, to add two fresh soits to the herd for trial on the high lying pastures in Mr. Toppin's possession. Cornelia, bred by Mr. J. How. of the Farewell tribe, is a fine level cow, with a capital rib and loin, evenly covered with good flesh. The handsomest beast in the herd is Golden Butterfly, a very grand animal, in the very height of her beauty, and a great favourite of the owner, it would be difficult to find fault with her, a young cow of great scale, and substance, she is very compact, and having recently calved has a good show for milk. Mr. Toppin at his last sale parted with her as a doubtful breeder, but being bought by a neighbour he had the advantage of repurchasing her, and if there is any truth in " like producing like " he will have no cause to regret it. Pearl Locket, and Comely Cressida, are of two good north country sorts, the former familiar with Nun wick, and the latter more southwards, in the hands of Dr. Dickinson, while Golden Plume, and Golden Bracelet, two of the Aylesby G's, are grand- daughters of Golden Queen (sold as Lot 1. at the dispersion of the late Mr. Unthank's herd for 120gs), through two half-sisters. A very promising roan heifer, by the Warlaby Royal Studley, from Cornelia, is in company with the newly dropped calf, from the Butterfly cow. Marmalade, from Knowlmere, is a well ribbed heifer, but of no great size, while Water Nymph llth, traces to the same foundation through Mr. Brace well's herd, a not far away neighbour of the owner of Knowlmere. Amongst the few young things. Calceolaria, by Royal Baldersby, came along with Cornelia, 102 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. from Mr. How's, and is well grown, with both capital hair, and a good constitution ; a roan from Golden Bracelet, is superior to a red and white, from Golden Plume. Of two steers in preparation for local honours, we prefer a very pretty ten months old Blue Grey, of excellent quality, to a cross bred, out of a Galloway, by a shorthorn bull. Since our visit, Mr. Toppin has bought Victoria Cioss, the very handsome Mantalini young bull, already noticed at Barmoor, and it may be added he is also a breeder arid successful exhibitor of Clydesdales. A seven miles drive brings us to Penrith, an important market town in the district, and about a mile to the North-East is Carleton Hill, the residence of Mr. W. Parker, a friend of Messrs. John and Richard Booth, and Mr. Thomas Bates. In 1841, at Tanwath Hall, Mr. Parker, commenced his first herd, by using the best bulls in the neighbourhood, including sons of the celebrated Gainford 2044, to females purchased from Mr. Parkinson, of Leyfields, and the Messrs. Jobson, in Northumberland. From the owner of Kirk- levington, was hired 3rd Duke of Cambridge 5941, who proved unfruitful, only one calf being the result; on his return, Euclid, 9097, a son of Foggathorpe, was sent unseen to Mr. Parker, as a substitute, although an immensely massive animal, yet he was so harsh in his touch, that he was objected to, and returned, in his place came Lord Hardinge 10449, a highly promising son of 2nd Duke of Oxford, and lastly Mr. Ed. Booth supplied Benedict 7828, on hire, eventually terminating in a sale to Mr. Parker, whose herd proved a most unfortunate venture, through having abortion amongst his cows, no less than seventeen in one season slipping their calves, and it was a few years afterwards brought under the hammer by Mr. Wetherell. In 1880 another herd was began at Carleton Hill, not exactly on the lines of fashion, but on those of past experience, and advantage has been taken of the sires at Inglewood, and Musgrave Hall, and Greenhead in the neighbouring county. The largest family numerically are those tracing to Mr. S. E. Bolden's Czarina, by 2nd Grand Duke 12961, and the oldest of the tribe, Czarina 3rd, was purchased by the owner on account of her marvellous similarity in character to her KURDS OF ENGLVXD. 103 ancestress. Earl Spencer's N"o. 25 daughter of Richard 1376, having the same commanding head, with excellent quality, a robust constitution, and great milking properties. Bates blood had been added for several generations, by Messrs. Bolden and Slye, a change has now been tried by putting her to B^au Benedict, but her daughter, Czarina 14th, is unseen, hiving gane to Golden Treasure, after breeding an excellent red and white bull calf to Royal Ingram, but one of the best heifers in the herd is Czirina loth, own sister to Czarina 14th. A slightly different branch are the Golden Duchesses, which comprise Golden Duchess 6th, a daughter of th^ first prize calf at R. A. S. E. Birmingham in 1876. Rosebuds 2nd, and 3rd, of local origin, are from a well known prize cow, Rosebud, the latter an extremely nice animal, is considered b} her owner to combine every essential belonging to a shorthorn, the former has bred a couple of heifers to Mr. Thompson's well known bull, and the latter an exceedingly promising one to Sir R. C Musgrave's Wild Maid's Duke 44257, as Mr. Parker remarks, " at no period have 1 been led into the unfortunate ' war to the knife' prejudice of some breeders to follow a particular line of consanguinity" The Roses of Oxford purchased from a neighbour, are of the same family, as the Millicent family at Inglewood, de cending f roin Mr. Slye's very fine cow Moss Rose, a daughter of Mr. F. H. Riwkes' Lidy Millicent, whose portrait is given in Vol. 10 of the Herd Book ; Rose of Oxford 3rd, the older of the two purchases has bred three heifers at Carleton Hill. Barbara Booth, bred by Mr. Toppin, of Messrs. Angus' Premium tribe, well topped with Booth sires, is the dam cf a roan bull calf, by Cunobelin 41310, and two heifers seen at thb buildings away from the house, are daughters of Baron Aylesby, and two Windsor's Duchess cows, bought at the Homescales sale, ending a somewhat short pedigree, almost entirely of Booth blood, with Benedict 7828, used by Mr. Parker, at Tanwath Hall, many years ago, as the termination to their pedigree. It is to Inglewood, that the county is mainly indebted for the many excellent animals sent forth to the Royal, and the leading shows during the last few years. The herd, founded in 1870, and 104 SHORTHOKN HERDS OF KSGLAND. three following years, by the purchase of females of the Brawith Moss Eose. Townley Barmpton Eoee, and Nunwick Pearl tribes, has been bred chiefly from these families. Mr. Thompson's first purchase in the male line was Grand Duke of Fawsley 3rd 31286, of Sir C. Knightley's Ruby tribe, at Beaumont Grange, in 1872, he was followed by Brilliant Butterfly 36270, bred at Inglewood, a com- bination of Madaline and Birmpton Eose blood, both proved successful sires, but his great purchase was Beau Benedict 42709, a son of Paul Potter, and Home Beauty, at Sheriff Hutton, since pronounced one of the most impressive sires of modern days, as witness the beautiful lot of heifers by him at Inglewood, and the victory gained at the Shrewsbury Eoyal of the =£50 prize given by the Shorthorn Society for the best bull of any age, with not less than two of his offspring belonging to the same owner, and a week later by winning at the Highland Centeniary Meeting at Edinburgh, another handsome prize, for the best collection of animals comprising a male over a year, and three females in their various stages past calfhood, the latter were Inglewood Pet, and her two handsome daughters, by Beau Banedict, which were second in the family class at Eipon the month after. Milk is not neglected at Inglewood, as witness the udders belonging to the fine row of cows in the byre. Fair Millicent, is the oldest of the Moss Eose family, here known as the Millicents, she is a beautiful cow, with the sweetest head and horn imaginable, her daughter, Fair Millicent 2nd, another good animal, is the dam of the show heifer, Molly Millicent, but the best of the four Millicent cows here together, is Belle Millicent, a younger daughter of Fair Millicent, she was exhibited on 20 occasions as a yearling, and two year old, and won 18 prizes, never being beaten in the counties of Cumberland or Westmorland, as a heifer, and the fourth of the family is Mildred Millicent, another of Brilliant Butterfly's daughters, with an excellent udder. Pearl Necklace 2nd, and Precious Pearl, are mother, and daughter, of a family well known at Nunwick in former days, the older is a cow of large scale, not so neat as could be desired, but put to Beau Benedict, the younger is STIOKT1IORX IIEKPS OF ENGLAND. 105 all that we could wish. In. the next byre is one of the few females not bred at Inglewood, Bridal Ring, an evenly fleshed young cow, by Royal Stuart, bought from Messrs. Russell, of Northallerton, and owning two more Warlaby sires on a Maynard foundation. Between Shapely, and Shapely 2nd, own sisters, of an old Cumber- land soit, originally bred by Mr. Symes, at Redkirk, a strong family resemblance exists, they are again the daughters of the Butterfly bull, and of the two, we prefer the older, a thick, short legged animal. Inglewood Daisy, and Lily Millieant, are a pair of whites, the latter of great substance is particularly good in her thighs, and on her crops. Then we arrive at the leading feature of Mr. Thompson's herd, that magnificent group of shorthorns Inglewood Pet, and her progeny Inglewood Belle, Inglewood Pride, and Inglewood Beau, which have been so much admired when before the public gaze, and are undoubtedly the best family of the past season, it is impossible for judges to pass over that strong family character so discernable between the dam and her produce, even to colour it is faithfully carried out, the same light faded roan. It is unnecessary to particularly describe this group, as the agricultural papers have fully done so in the past, and we doubt not but they will again be called upon for like duty, when future victories are credited to them, as they are looking all that can be desired for their owner to have every hope of being well to the front during the coming season, after their second honours awarded them at Ripon, in 1884, they at the Yorkshire Meeting last year rose to the first place at SeJby, which they appear likely to retain in the coming season. Molly Millicent, a very handsome yearling, has beaten Lady Grolightly at Selby, and is certainly one of her owner's most promising animals, being so thick through the heart, and short in the leg, she could be a still more formidable compel itor, if she had been a little better covered on her loins, but this is almost over- looked in the grand depth and the excellence of her fore quarters. Butterinere Butterfly, and Home Beauty 3rd, are only a year old last month, the former is out of Empress of Butterfly, a daughter of Duchess of Lancaster 7th, a most fortunate purchase for Mr. 106 SHORTHORX HERDS OF ENOIAVD. Thompson, at the Townley sale, having bred 16 calves, and was not killed until 19 years of age, the last calf being named Butterfly 16th, on account of the extensive sales of this family to Mr, Ecroyd, and foreign buyers, whose p.itronage Mr. Thompson has secured some- what largely of late years, the family are much reduced in numbers. Lastly we have the trio of stock sires brought out, B?au Benedict, as is natural appears first on the scene, excepting at Shrewsbury with his progeny he was never honoured with a Roval first, although at Derby second to Lord Zetland, in an entry of fourteen, he is still the same stylish, lengthy, bull as in earlier diys, and it would be unbecoming to speak ill of him, even if. we so desired, in the presence of his beautiful array of daughters. Eoyal B.iron, next on turn, is his son from Lady Red Stockings, a large, well shaped, heavy fleshed roan, now retired from the show ring for more serviceable work in the herd, his last victory of note being at the Preston Royal last year, when he was awarded first honours. Mountain Chief 2nd, a very symmetrical lengthy white son of King Malcolm, was bred at Barmoor Castle, and is intended to appear in future in Royal Baron's place to compete for the honours of the show yard, of which by the general character of the stock seen at Inglewood, if we mistake not, many more are in store for its owner. "A herd of -shorthorns, famous for their large frames, and heavy milking properties, has been, like ' The Luck,' one of the great features of Edenhall for generations," wrote Mr. Thornton in the preface to the last sale catalogue ; but, until about twenty five years ago, the importance of keeping a record of the breeding of the animals had not been recognised, although the celebrated bull Eden 3689, a son of G-ainford, had been amongst the sires used. Marmion 22290, bred by Mr. Bowstead, of Beck Bank, and got by Mr. Unthank's Inglewood 20006, is the first registered cross in the " Red Rose" pedigree, the second, Earl of Chester 23827, a son of 9th Grand Duke 19879, out of Young Emma, consequently half-brother to Mr. Saunders' celebrated prize winning Edgar, and the third Wallace G-wynne 30251, was also bred at Nunwick, by Edgar's son, Lord of Nunwick. More recently Duke of Kirklevington 33683, SHORTHORN 1IKRDS OF ENGLAND. 107 Eoyal Cambridge 4th 40624, a home-bred Wild Eyes bull, from Wild Maid, bought at Mr. Geo. Moore's sale for 450gs, Baron Underley 37824, by 20th Duke of Oxford 28432, out of Baroness Barbon, of Lord Fevet sham's Ballad Singer ttibe, and Wild Prince 15th 45807, a very fine Bright Eyes bull, had been purchased at Lathom, and sold at the sale held a little over 12 months ago to Mr. Preston-Holt. Previous to Wild Prince's purchase, Sir Brian 45596, of the Castanet tribe, bred at West Dereham Abbey, had been used, and conjointly with Lord Lathom's bull, Sir George 48724, by the Warlaby Eastern Emperor, from Vain Desire, of the Georgie tribe was in service ; and only a short time before our visit, Hans Andersen 46470, had been hired from Lord Polwarth. We are shown over the herd by Mr. Geo. Bowstead, who since the late Bailiff's somewhat sudden death has temporally taken the management of the Home farm of 668 acres, and as arranged the night previous, we are out with him at an early hour in the morning, when we proceed direct to the Town-Head buildings, where two or three young cows are suckling their calves, including Diamond 9th, a grand-daughter of Diamond 5th, by Mr. John Lamb's well known Ignoramus 28887, bought from Mr. J. M. Eichardson, she is a grand massive shorthorn, and the dam of Diamond 13th, by Oxonian 48409, an exceedingly pretty heifer, already known in the Show yard, and intended for exhibition purposes during the coming season. Eed Eose 23rd, one of Sir Brian's heifers, has a roan bull suckling her, by Sir George, and the second cross of Booth is an improvement on the first. We return through the grounds of the Hall, in which is the well, connected with the traditionary legend of " The Luck," which is to the effect that one of the domestics, in bygone days, on going to draw water at the well, came suddenly upon a group of fairies, disporting themselves on the green sward. In their hurried departure, they left behind a glass goblet, one of them on returning found it appropriated by the unexpected visitor, and seeing its recovery hopeless, she flew away crying : — " If that glass should break or fall, Farewell the luck of Eden Hall." 108 SHORTHORN HERDS OF EXGLAXD. First amongst the buildings near the Hall, \ve enter a large roomy, well ventilated byre, capable of holding 30 animals, fitted up with M.usgrave's patent iron fastenings. The Red Rose family are numerous, and prominent, the Eighth, by Duke of Kirklevington, has her offspring, the Seventeenth, Twentieth, and Twenty Ninth, by her side, all the sisters are roans, with the oldest as the best shaped, although without the size of the younger ones. Red Rose 15th, a large framed, fine looking cow, is from Red Rose 5th, the dam of nine heifers in succession, and when in full milk gave over 25 quarts per day. Rose of Oxford 3rd, a daughter of Sir Brian, represents the Blawith Moss Rose family, and Grace Peony 3rd, a red, by Valentine' Duke 44175 (a son of Duke of Underley), does like duty for Mr. John Davidson's prize winning Peonys. Strawberry 10th, a Royal Cambridge 4th cow, is also present with a shapely udder ; she is the dam of a good roan heifer, seen amongst the younger stock. Our choice of four calves, is a white, from Red Rose 20th, and in another box, a red, fiom Red Rose 26th, is considered very neat. We then pass to the older heifers, first however seeing Louisa 29th, a large fine cow, by the Hon. M. H. Cochrane's Breakspear 33197, out of Louisa 19th, of the Mason Louisa family. When purchased in Northumberland by Mr. Bowstead, she was in-calf to King Malcolm 43419, and the produce is at present suckling a very pretty roan cow calf, while the dam is doing like duty. Gaiety came with Louisa 29th, to Eden Hall, and when sold proved the highest priced animal at last year's sale besides leaving Gaiety 2nd, by Beau Benedict, to represent her, so we may congratulate Mr. Bowstead on making a profitable day's work when attending the East Mill Hills sale, in the Northern County. A red and white, by the home-bred Oxonian 48409, from Lady Butterfly, of the Vestris tribe, is a thick level heifer, one of the best in the herd, and in the same building is Red Rose 34th, the seventh of the nine heifers, out of Red Rose 5th. We may well conclude by saying that bulls from the Eden Hall herd, have long been in high favour with Cumberland and" Westmoreland farmers, seeking for large framed deep milking shorthorns, and some of them have come no less than three and four times in direct succession for their sires. SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 109 CHAPTER V. Yorkshire Herd* (concluded). — Old Bramhope. — Farnley Hall. — Bainton. — Stourton Cattle. — Spellow Hill. — Beadlam Granye. — - Xawton Granye. — Duncombe Park. — Hiyhjield House. — Hovinyham. B irdsall. — Th ickct Priory . — Osyodly Ha II. — Bank House. — Warlaby. The Granye. — Mtwhani. — Sion Hill. — Sand Hutton. — Givendale. — Kfld Head. — Knapton Hall. — Knapton. — Ainu-ark Manor. — Any ram Hall. — North Ferriby. — Waulby. — The Kims. — Sproatley Bise. — Guniston Park. — Scawsby Hall. — East Thorpe. — Ballijield Hall. Wharf dale, long noted for its historic connections with the shorthorn race, and especially with the name of Mr. Whitaker, has the oldest agricultural society in the kingdom, held at its little market town of Otley, where also the first volume of Coates' herd book was first printed by Mr. W. Walker, of which a manuscript copy is still in existence written out by Mr. Whitaker, so in our concluding chapter on the heids of this County, no district is better entitled to first notice than the Valley of the Wharfe. Situate on the lofty ridge, separating the Valleys, of the Aire, and Wharfe, is Old Bramhope, where a few hardy shorthorns of the Booth blood, are bred by Mr. H. Fawcett. From its elevated situation, an extensive and beautiful view is obtained extending from Bearnsley Beacon, to the high lands on the east coast, embracing a glimpse of Greenholme, lately the home of the great and noble-minded Mr. W. E. Foster, and formerly the abode of Mr. Jonas Whitaker, who did so much towards establishing the reputation of shorthorns ; Weston Hall, with its Fairfax associations ; Harewood Castle, ruinous and grey, with its modern mansion contiguous thereto ; Farnley Hall, yet to be visited, are all within range of the view, while lying behind a spur of the hill is Wetherby, with its herd of world wide fame, and standing out in clear relief against the horizon is that noble monument of religious fervour, and architec- tural skill, York Minster. 110 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. The herd at Old Bramhope was begun seventeen years ago, by the purchase of a cow, and yearling heifer, one of which named Fashion, was the best milking shorthorn ever in Mr. Fawcett's possession, giving 5| to 6 gallons per diem for a long period after calving. The earlier purchases of Mr. Fawcett were mostly of Bates blood, and in September, 1876, Mr. Thornton dispersed this portion of the herd in unpropitious weather at an average of .£39 9s. 9d. for 43 head. One or two of the old favourites were repurchased for Bramhope, including Bramhope Darling, a beautiful old cow still in the herd, and winner of the family honours, when the Yorkshire was at Barnsley, she is a daughter of Telemachu* 27603, and Royal Dora, full sister to Lord Bective's Underley Darling. Bramhope Anna, out of Butterbowl, of the Buttercup branch of the Annas, now suckling a white cow calf, by the Warlaby Lord Protector, is exceedingly like her own sister, Bramhope Anna 2nd, a very good heifer. The combination of a son of Bramhope Darling, and Lady Eglingtoun, a Celia cow, bought from Mr. E. A. Fawcett, has produced a very wealthy heifer in Bramhope Celia 2nd, and a nice style of cow in Bramhope Celia. an older sister. Lady Bright Eyes' 4th, and 6th, are mother, and daughter, of Mr. Booth's Medora tribe, which are of good repute in the herd for their dairy properties. The Kirkees, originally from Childwick Hall, are represented by Kirkee 5th, and her two heifers, by Royal Fame, 47029, and British Hope 47158, the latter one of the neatest of this bull's get. Miss Chesterfield, and her daughter, Red Rose, purchased at Mr. Bradburn's sale were of a g.-eat prize winning family, the former being the sixth successive generation of winners, while her daughter, and grand-daughter, have likewise taken honours, thus disposing of the general belief that show animals cease to propagate their kind as good as themselves. Red Rose's daughter, Satin Rose, the highest priced lot at the sale in 1876, was repurchased from Mr. Jessop; she is still in the herd, at present near calving. Another good cow is her daughter Merry Rose, while sojourning at Farnley, she was put to Baron Winsome 3th, breeding on her return, White Rose, which is certainly not the SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. Ill equal of either dam or grandam. The Mildred family were obtained at Panton by securing Maggie Mildred, a daughter of that fine old sire, Robert Stephenson, she and her companion, Bramhope Darling, brought many a prize home, and at a meeting of the Ripon and Claro Society, the judges (one of which was Mr. T. C. Booth), placed her in front of Mr. Hutchinson's Gainful, Champion at the Kilburn International, although the decision was afterwards reversed. Her daughter, Mary Mildred, with the exception of her horns, is a nice sort of cow, and has a capital well ribbed heifer in Minnie Mildred. Last but not least of the females is an excellent Farewell calf, bought at Knowlm3re, and of the branch so popular in the Sister Isle. The chief Booth sires used have been Merry Lord 34843, hired from Killerby, and recently Lord Protector, from Warlaby. Prince Imperial 32142, and Rufus 37413, were of the famous Bliss, and Mantalini tribes, and Peter the Great 28863, of the Pauline tribe, came from Mertoun. General 41595, was a highly bred Aylesby " G," from Barmoor ; Royal Fame 47029, bred in Ireland, by Mrs. Pery, was out of her fine cow, Farewell 7th, and British Hope 47518, a home bred son of Butterbowl, is the sire of most of the heifers, but Lord Zetland 43596, named after his breeder, after a most successful career in the late Mr. Outhwaite's hands terminating with winning the Champion in the male class both at the Centenary, and Yorkshire Meetings in 1884, and has been purchased at the final dispersion of the Bainesse herd, and there is no need to detail the merits of so well known a winner. After seeing the herd at Old Bramhope in tta morning, our afternoon is spent at Farnley, with the owner of the historic Hall of that name, famous in the days of the Commonwealth, and for its splendid collection of Turners, while shorthorns have been associated with the place for over 50 years. It was at Mr. Whitaker's, at Burley, on September 24, 1833, that the present owner's uncle. Mr. F. H. Fawkes made his first start by purchasing Norfolk 2377, a roan yearling, for 124 gs. To this bull Mr. Bates sent six heifers, including Duchess 33rd, the great grand-dam of 112 SHORTHORN HKRDS OF ENGLAND. Grand Duke. In the following year afc Studley, Primrose, Medora, and Verbena, were purchased, the first named died the next year, but the two latter have descendants in the herd to the presant day. In 1836, Mr. Fawkes in id 3 a contract for three yeai-s, with Mr. Whitaker. to send twenty of his cows, to be selected by Mr. Fawkes, to Norfolk, and he to take the calves at 10 gs. each, bulls, or heifers, at the expiration of a week. The very first calf, Sir Thomas Fairfax 5196, proved a winner both at the Royal, and Yorkshire Meeting and eventually was sold for 500 gs. Sales took place in 1849-53-64, on the last occasion, thirty animals brought .£58 15s. 3d., — while in 1853, eleven bulls made over ,£78 per head. One or two sales have since been held, but neither of these averages have been equalled, and the herd has been quietly bred from four or five families for many years, and Lord Cobbam 20164, of the Gr wynne tribe, bred at Upleathain, was used from 1862 to 1868, when Lord Darlington 26633, came from Gaddesby ; in more recent years, Richmond 37340, a Riby bull, cost 700 gs. at the great Aylesby sale, and Baron Winsome 6th 33111, came from Holker the year previous. Sir Andrew 42387, has been hired from Warlaby, and Sir Anthony 50449, half brother to Sir Simeon, and Lord Clarence, out of Mr. Torr's Foreign Beauty, purchased from West Dereham. St. Swithin 43986, a son of Mr. Ackers' Lord Prinknash 34655, purchased at the East Mill Hills sale, has left a nice lot of heifers, and Lord Rector 51639, a massive red bull, bred by Mr. W. Duthie, in Aberdeenshire, descended from the famous old Lenton blood, has been used, and is the sire of a number of good coloured, promising calves. Royal Duchess, is within a month of her eleventh year, and has bred regularly with the exception of 1882, the year foot and mouth visited the herd. Lady Ida, and Lady Winifrid, are daughters of the Baron Winsome, which was used to obtain more size in the herd, the latter being our favourite, and a good sort is Lady Ramsay. Mademoiselle Bernhardt, a cow of great size, and substance, is the dam of Barmaid, by Sir Andrew, at present down calving. The oldest cow in the herd is Lady Verena, a light roan of 1873, descended from Mr. Booth's Verbena, SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 113 neither she nor Lady Vivian, of the same family, have ever entirely recovered from the after effects of foot and mouth ; the latter is the mother of Vestris, presented to H.R.H. Duke of Albany. One of the best heifers is Violet, a light roan, by Sir Andrew, almost too fat for breeding purposes, but with a rare back and loin, and of the other daughters of the Warlaby sire may be mentioned Ina, and Rizpah, out of Isis, and Lady Rachel, while among the heifers of St. Swithin's get, the most noticeable are a white, from Lady Imogene, a very lengthy heifer, and a dark roan, out of Lady Victorine, of great substance. A large and extensive arable farm at Rainton, Thirsk, has been in the hands of the Stevenson family for several generations, but a move southwards is contemplated by the present occupier, Mr. P. Stevenson, if an adjustment of rent sufficient to compensate for the depreciation of the value of corn cannot be arranged with the agent of the noble owner. Without doubt this will be advantageous to the Lily Bells, and Cowslips, which have been associated with Rainton since their purchase at Mosboro' Hall, and Hollybank, in 1858, as the land is scarcely adapted for breeding pedigree cattle. The herd has been bred almost solely from the purchases of 1858, the Wild Eyes family have however been bought on four occasions, first at Mr. Maynard's sale in 1863, when White Star fell to the late Mr. Stevenson's bid ; she bred three heifers, twice however going 15 days past her proper time, and the calves being unfortunately born dead, then Wild Eyes 22nd, a " pure " one, was purchased privately from Walton-on-the-Hill. Some years later this tribe represented by Wild Eyes A, and her daughter, were disposed of at a good price to Mr. Lodge, and when that gentleman disposed of his herd at Dringhouses, advantage was taken by Mr. Stevenson to secure Wild Eyes Gr., from the younger of the pair sold by him, and she is at present suckling a most promising red heifer calf, as well as having a light roan yearling, Wild Eyes J, also in the pastures. At Mr. Scoby's sale, Winsome Winnie 4th, of Col. Counter's Mild Eyes branch was obtained, and Mr. Stevenson has been fortunate enough H 114 SHORTHORN HKHDS OF ENGLAND. to obtain a cow calf from her, by his Duke of Raby, so the prospects of the family appear more hopeful than they have clone since they first came to Rainton. Bates sires have always been used, one of the earliest beipg Lord Lally 3rd 24408, bred by Mr. C. "W. Harvey, who had a considerable reign, and was succeeded by his son Diamond Eyes 28318, from Wild Eyes 22nd, and the Wild Eyes blood was further introduced by the use of Oxford's Duke 2nd 34994, a son of Mr. Maynard's Bright Star. Duke of Edlingham 3rd 36489, bred at Capheaton, of the fashionable Waterloo tribe, is the sire of a number of very good cows, and the majority of the heifers are by Barrister 44395, of the Barrington familv. Prince of Thorndale 32187, was of Bell Bates origin, like the present male animal, Duke of Baby 51146, the latter is a son of Duke of Airdrie 27th, and Oxford E-ose 10th, bred at Holker ; originally bought for Ireland, at The Hare woods sale, owing to the restrictions, he was unable to cross the water, and so passed from Mr. Cope's ownership to Mr. Stevenson's; without being a perfect animal, he is possessed of a number of excellent points, and his owner need fear no bad results from using him. The Lily Bells, forty nine in number, the owner's favourite family, have been very prolific at Rainton, all descend through Lily Bell's daughters, Loo, by Mr. Thos. Bell's Cromwell 17640, and Lawless, by Mr. Maynard's Oxford 2nd 18507, the descendants of the former, which are in a minority of nine, have names beginning with the letters "Lo," or "Loo." to distinguish them from the latter, which commence with " La," or " Lu " ; a third daughter, Levity, is the only female ever sold to a breeder in this country, and from her descend all the English branch of the tribe, excepting those now in Mr. Stevenson's possession. It is not often a breeder can show to his friends so many of one family as Mr. Stevenson, they are kept in nice breeding condition, the worst of the bull calves being steered, and as a continual drafting of the females goes on, we naturally expect to find a symmetrical lot of cows, in which we are not dis- appointed, the daughters of Duke of Edlingham 3rd, forming a SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 115 handsome group, of which Lucida, a fine, short legged cow, of rare depth in front, carries herself in queenly style, as does Loo Gruion, the possessor of a wonderfully attractive head ; Loo Olive, is straight, and truly formed, Lucinda, certainly good, and Loo Edlingham, perhaps as fine a cow as any in th3 herd. Of the rest, Lone Bell, own sister to Lobisa, a nice old lady, and the matron of the tribe, is very level ; her daughter, Loquacity, is one of the best of the Barrister heifers, which have calved, and of the yearlings by him, Lucidity, a beautiful roan, is full of style, and the most admired. When Cowslip 3rd. was purchased at Mr. Robert Bell's sale, she was the highest priced lot, excepting Phoebe, and there are now a dozen descendants from her here, including Cousin C., one of the most evenly made, and shorthorn like animals, Mr. Stevenson possesses, while Copper Lady, a short legged, good sort, and Consequence, a square framed cow, are daughters of Duke of EdHngham 3rd, the latter being the dam of the prettiest of eight cow calves running with their mothers in the pastures. Three other tribes have their home at Raiuton, namely Mr. Maynard's Ros.imonds, of which family is seen an excellent heifer ; the Rougholm Grwynnes, great favourites in their district, and the Frolic branch of the Fidgets, only number a brace each. Frolic's Duchess, by Duke of Glo'ster 5th, a grand-daughter of Frolic 4th, imported into this country by Mr. Rd. Gribson, is considered one of the owner's best dairy cows, and her son, Frank Baxby, was used occasionally by him in the herd. On reaching Allerton Station, on the North Eastern between Harrogate and Knaresboro,' we proceed to Lord Mowbray and Stourton's Home farm, where the breeding of young bulls has been the special feature of the herd, and certainly the healthy useful lot of dairy cows here seen, give us the impression that their sons would do credit to the shorthorn race, almost wherever they might go. Unfortunately Mr. Ellison has been unavoidably called away on business, and we are compelled to rest content with merely the tribes to which the cows belong, without their exact names, the 116 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. herdsman being unable to supply these particulars, as it has been the custom to follow on with numbers since, Juno 3rd, a grand-daughter, and Eosarnond 3rd, a great grand-daughter, of Rose, by Chancellor 1809, were purchased at Mr. Ellison's sale at Sizergh Castle, in the County of Westmoreland, and Duke of Eichmond 10151), the foun- dation cross of a family known as the *' Bessies " was purchased from the same breeder. Sting 15345, and Abbot 14054, were of better breeding than their names imply, being of tho Barmpton Eose, and Old Daisy tribes. Mr. C. L. Ellison's Western Wonder 17225, and Mr. J. Grundy's Hesperus 18062, are both of the Mason Victoria family, of which there are also female representatives in the herd descended from Mr. Carr's Victorine ; then from the fine old homes of shorthorns at Marton-le-Moor, and Townley, came Eose Duke 22760, and The Drum 20040. Booth blood was introduced through the Hon. Gr. Lascelles' Golden Horn 31267, as it has been again by the recent purchasa from Carperby, of Prince Edgar 51882, a son of Major Windsor 34739, and Princess Alice, of Mr. Willis' Lily tribe, a young bull, wonderfully deep in his flank and good on his loin, with an excellent touch. The predecessor was one of Mr. J. H. Cassweli'j Kirklevington bulls known as the Laughton Dukes. Not far away from Borough bridge is Spellow Hill, the residence of Mr. W. C. Stobart, who has recantly been a buyer at several of the sales ; from Mr. Blun dell's came Oxford Lactea, a handsome roan, with quite the true shorthorn character, of Sir Charles Knightley's Eosy tribe, as well as Lady Nancy, a highly bred Surmise heifer. The newest arrival is Bushbury Countess Barrington, a daughter of Grand Duke 37th, and Lady Emily Barrington, of the famous " Laurel" branch of the Barrington tribe, bought at the dispersion of the Low Hill herd. Double Glo'ster 51085, Mr. Stobart's stock sire, bred by Mr. J. Gr. At t water, who generally exhibits a lot of very useful young bulls at Bingley Hall, is a deap chested masculine like animal, if any thing a little short in his hind quarters, but Kirklevington Count 2nd, a very promising young sire, has since been purchased at the Osgodby sale to succeed him. SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 117 Arrived at Nawton, a quiet little country station on the Gilling and Pickering branch of the North Eastern Railway, we are in the midst of seveial herds, but being eventide, operations are suspended till the morrow, and a pleasant evening is spent with our host at Beadlam Grange, who had Mr. Thornton down twelve months ago, and cleared out the herd begun in 1876, with the exception of one each of tho Empress of Yetholm, and Ellen, families, but he was in the fray again three weeks later at Hindlip, and Red Eose of Hindlip 10th, a daughter of Duke of Gloucester 7th, a good framed young animal, was obtained along with two more of the family ; the next month at Lord Braybrooke's,a rare bargain was obtained in Thorndale Rose 20th, a very shapely cow, with all the characteristics of tho breed, no doubt her insignificant prico was caused by the fact of her three calves all having been lost in the calving, and her new owner has had tho misfortune to lose her calf since coming to Beadlam Grange, but ha is not discouraged, and let us hope that he will have better luck next tinia. Ellen 3rd, is a daughter of Ellen, bred at Upleatham, while Empress of Tetholme 9th, is from one of the prize family group second at R. A. S. Meeting at York in 1883. In a few years time we doubt not but a second herd will be got together more than the equal of tho first, although Cleveland Bays, Border Leicesters, and Berkshiies havo their share of attention, as well as the cattle at Beadlam Grange. Previous to proceeding onwards to Dun combe Park, we return to Nawton Grange, on the outskirts of the village, where the Hon. Cecil Duncombe, has a small but choice herd composed of Waterloos, and Gazelles, the latter so well known for the high prices they brought when in Mr. Bowly's possession. At the dispersion of Mr. Sartoris' herd, Duchess of Waterloo, a beautifully bred specimen of her tribe, was purchased for 190gs, and bred her new owner two heifers, to 5th Duke of Tregunter, named Nawton Duchesses of Waterloo, the younger, a fine Bates like cow full of character, is a deep milker, and the dam of a lovely roan heifer, Nawton Duchess of Waterloo 4th, by Lord Feversham's Prince of Kirklevington 2nd 50234, to whose 11>> SHORTHORN IfKltDS <>K KX(iLVM). sires the females are sent for service ; after hearing so much about purity of breeding, and perfection in shape, being so difficult to obtain in a single animal, it is quite a treat to gaze upon so charming a heifer, her ribs, back, loin, and quarters, are all good, and in depth of bosom, she is not found wanting, may she live long, and breed many more the equal of herself. Her young brother is full of promise, and another calf of the tribe from Lady Waterford, bred at Thicket Priory, hardly promises to be the equal of her older sister, Belle Alliance ; their dam a wealthy fleshed cow, is a daughter of one of the Holker Dukes of Oxford. Gazelle of Xawton, from another Thicket Priory purchase, is very mellow in her touch, and with Nawton Duchess of Waterloo 3rd, from the older daughter of Duchess of Waterloo, we come to the last of the i-hoiVe little herd at Nawtou Grange. Returning to Beadlam Grange, a pleasant drive brings us to Helmsley, where Mr. Marshal Stephenson, the genial secretary of the County Agricultural Society, who has also the chaige of the estate and herd belonging to the Earl of Feversham, is seen in the distance making for the station, but on overtaking him, it requires little persuasion to induce him to share our vehicle, and have an afternoon amongst the shorthorns. The Griff farm lies about a quaiter of a mile bayond the paik, where the majority of the short- horns are kept; before proceeding further, \,e must not omit to mention that the foundation of this old established herd was laid as far back as Mr. Robert Colling's sale in 1818, and purchases were also made from. Major Bower, and Mr. Parrington, to these Mr. Bates' Cleveland Lads, 2nd Earl of Beverley, and 5th Duke of Oxford, the Royal winner at Chester in 1858, were used, followed by Gloucester 12950, bred by Earl Ducie, and Skyrocket 15306, a son of 5th Duke of Oxford, and a Royal winner in 1861. After the death of the late Earl of Feversham, in 1867, a sale was held, and 38 head averaged <£33 19s. 2d, two females of each tribe being retained by the present Earl, and at Holker in 1871, Twentieth Duke of Oxford 28432, was secured at the then high price of l,000gs, since that SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 119 date, females of the most fashionable Bates tribes have been purchased, and 5th Duke of Tregunter 33743, bred at Wetherby, and Baron Oxford 9th 42738, at Holker, mated with them. Almost all the full grown animals are out for exercise, Thorndale Rose 28th, hails from Audley End, like the one seen at Beadlam Grange, and in this instance the advantage on the score of merit is considered to be with the tenant. Marchioness of Oxford 3rd, bred at Dun more, and one of the last of 2nd Duke of Collingham's daughters, is a beautiful old co\v, with a nice pair of obliquely laid shoulders, and a fine head, and horn, alongside is her daughter, Oxford Hermoine, by Lord Bective's Grand Duke 31st, a heifer of large scale, and great substance, another good cow is Kirkleviugton Princess 3rd, from Mr. J. W. Larking's well known herd in Sussex, she too has a daughter close at hand, in the roan Pride of Kirk- levingron. To represent the fashionable Winsomes we have Wild Winsome 10th, with the four excellent crosses of 5th Duke of Tregunter, Baron Oxford 4th, Grrand Dnke 10th, and Lord Oxford, upon Mr. Maynard's Winsome. The Chaff tribe, obtained at Lord Ducie's in 1853, since supplemented by purchases at Underley, and Lockings Park, h ive Cannes Eden, a square deep framed animal with as good an udder as any one need wish to see, and if Duncomb^, and Tortworth can breed their Chaffs of the same useful character, they will ere long take a more prominent place amongst the old tribes. In Duchess of York, and Duchess of York 2nd, we have two daughters of Duchess of Underley 3rd, the "two thousand" heifer at Lord Bective's 1 880 sale, she grew into a magnificent cow, and has left three daughters, and a son, at Duncombe, the three youngest all by Duke of Connaught, and wisely has the son, named the 9th Duke of York, being retained for home use. Duchess of York, after breeding a very pretty calf to Baron Oxford 9th, has returned home from Holker in calf to Grand Duke 46th, the younger sister a grand heifer, deep chested, and with a rare back and loin, will one day take rank as one of the finest cows in Lord Feversham's herd ; the youngest members of the family, seen at the buildings, each with a box to 120 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. herself, may fairly be entitled to the rank of Boyal Princesses in the shorthorn world, and right well do they faithfully carry out their role, though the calf from Duchess of York, is perhaps more beautiful to the eye, yet in future years will not have that large deep frame, possessed by the two daughters of Duke of Connaught; their own brother, 9th Duke of York, comes marching gaily along on the green turf for inspection, as if cognizant of the fact that he is considered by many breeders one of the handsomest Bates young bulls of the present day, it would indeed be difficult to find a more promising male of the famous tribe, and it is to be hoped he will reign long, and successfully at Duncornbe Park. On returning to the pasture, we are shown on a visit to him, a couple of Grand Duchesses, and an TJnderley Darling, from Underley ; a Duchess of Ormskirk, from Lathoin ; and a Winsome, and an Oxford from liolker ; so with this bevy of visitors, great things are evidently expected of the young Duke, and in the same field four home-bred cows are also seen, Belle of Eyedale 7th, a nice cow of the Ballad Singer family, Lady Cleveland 6th, of another old Duncoinbe tribe tracing to Sunbeam, by "Old Anna's" favourite, Young Grazier 3928, and Wild Winsome llth, a somewhat gaudy, but wealthy daughter of Grand Duke 31st. In the boxes, is a very lengthy red and white heifer out of the last mentioned AVmsome, the " Wild Winsome " having been changed to Winifrid, but the number is gone on with in the calf of old Wild Winsome, one of Duke of Oxford 20th daughters, and the last animal seen of the Duncombe Park herd. Corniche, Carnille Amelie, and an own sister to the latter, the last of Baron Oxford 9th's calves, are all of the Chaff tribe, and Pride of Kirklevington 2nd, with an exquisite soft and pliant touch, is also under the twelve months. Prom Duncombe we drive across to Highfield House, where Mr. T. Stamper, more noted for his Leicesters than his shorthorns, has bred a few of the latter since the purchase of Cygnet, at Mr. Godfrey Wentworth's sale at Wooley Park, Wakefield, about 1859 ; her first calf, Chance, born when the dam was not twenty months old, proved SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 121 very prolific at Highfield. Two other purchases, named Faith, and Jollity, carne from Mr. J. R. Singleton's of Givendale, and from these sorts the herd has been bred. The sires more recently have inclined to the Bates side of the house, two of the earliest were The Friar 15383, bought from Mr. Samuel Wiley nearly thirty years ago, and Snowstorm 35616, bred by Sir Tat ton Sykes : Duke of Rubies 33724, a son of Mr. Brogden's Grand Duke of Lighthorne 3rd, and Ruby Rose 5th, of a branch of the famous Princess tribe ; Duke of Hazlecote 23rd 30970, of the Honey family, and Oxford Duke 46823, a son of Baron Oxford 9th 42738, have been included in the most recent sires, and King of Yetholme 3rd, of Mr. G. Scoby's prize winning family, was purchased at that breeder's late sale. Two of Mr. Stamper's finest cows are March Rose, and Winter Rose, daughters of tho Kingscote Honey bull, the first named traces to Mr. Singleton's Faith, and the latter to Snowdrop, by Mr. Bates' Duke of York 4th 10167. Over the hill from Mr. Stamper's we walk down into the Vale through which runs the line from Pilmoor Junction to Malton, and the station and village of late years have been rendered famous by the victories of Hovingham 43363, named by his breeder, Sir W. C. Worsley, Bart., and so successfully exhibited by Mr. W. Handley, he was a son of Irwin's Star, bought at the dispersion of the Sheriff Hutton herd, in calf to Sir Arthur Ingram 32490, he left a number of calves before leaving his county, including Self Esteem 2nd 48675, another famous show bull of the past two or three seasons, and the second animal seen, is his own sister, Self Conceit, a lengthy young cow, three weeks from calving her second calf, and there is also a younger sister, by Lord Hamilton 48194, a grand lengthy son of Sir Arthur Ingram 32490, bred at Greenhead, and doing service at Hovingham, in his younger days he was exhibited at the Bath and West Meeting at Bridgewater, where he was placed second to Mr Stratton's Acropolis. Trusty Lass, the dam of Self Esteem 2nd, and the two daughters before alluded to, is a light roan daughter of the home bred Sir Robin 40720, who was in turn a son of the Killerby Pluto, she is still breeding, as is also Irwin's Star, a fine old white, 122 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. that has bred eight calves in six years, including Hovingham. Lady Fitz- Windsor, of the Familiar tribe, had come from the first Prinknash sale, and Prinkney Roan, by Lord Prinknash 2nd 3805:3, is the oldest of her three daughters. A fashionably bred young bull came from Broughton last spring in the shape of Fitz Paul 49592, a son of the Warlaby Royal Craftsman 45516, and Pauline 21st ; one of the most promising young cows is Roan Ada, a daughter of Hovingham, but the train did not permit a visit to some distant pastures to see a few of the heifers. Arrived at Malton, passing the training grounds on our left, five miles brings us to Birdsall, being the home of a good pack of hounds, and now also of a rising herd of shorthorns. The recent purchases at the dispersion of Mr. H. Lovatt's select herd, not long home, come in for first notice, the Kirklevington, a very grand lengthy heifer is our favourite, but Lady Oxfo;d Bates 3rd, is very pretty, with a great amount of style : next is seen Knight of Oxford 12th, the two hundred guinea calf at Hindlip, who has fulfilled expectation, and is a handsome young bull, of good masculine appearance, suitable for the head of any Bates herd, and already several heifers, including a Duchess, have been on a visit to him. In the byre, the great attraction is Waterloo Belle 2nd. one of the few shorthorns bred by the Earl of Lonsdale, very handsome and shapely she is, and her son, Tregunter Waterloo, has been used by the owner : of this family is Lady Beadlam Waterloo 3rd. a good young animal of the Givendale branch, and one or two other good specimens of this tribe have since been bought for Birdsall. Another fine squarely built cow, with a grand rib, and great depth in front, is Sunflower, bred by Earl Beauchamp, and Sunflower 2nd, by Mr. Game's Roan Seal 43905, is her only daughter. Lady Florence 10th, considered the choice of the last Capheaton contingent sent to Dringhouses, has given birth to a roan heifer calf, since her change of ownership, and Dulcimer, the companion purchase of Knight of Oxford 12th, at Hindlip, is the dam of a very pretty yearling, and not many days will elapse before another Duchess Nancy will ba SHORTHORN HKRD8 OF ENGLAND. 123 added to Lord Middleton's herd. Several of the cows are in the pasture, and it is there we find the Bell Bates Lady Hilda 6th, a large handsome white, possessing the two great essentials of both milk and flesh, in no mean degree. Gwynne Alyn, out of a Gwynne Princess, of Mr. BotterilPs breeding, has an attractive roan cow calf, by the Waterloo bull, and The Red Fern, although not of fashionable descent, is a level stylish looking young cow. Red Rose of Amat, a wealthy growing heifer, came from Whittlebury, and another of the same good stamp is Miss Bagnall, bought at Mr. W. T. Carrington's sale, unfortunately the requisite number of sires cannot be traced, to make her recognized as a pure bred shorthorn according to the official standard. The herd at Thicket Priory has been in existence for nearly forty years, having been established by the Rev. J. D. Jefferson, the father of the p.esiMit owner, from the well known herds of Messrs. Bolden and Maynaid : fiom the former breeder came Waterloo 13th, bred at Kiiklevington, and during the past dozen years many fashionably bred animals have been added. One of the earliest sires used was Veteran 13941, a son of the one thousand guinea Grand Duke, followed by Duke of Waterloo 21616, a grand-son of Waterloo 13th, and Waterloo Earl 32816, and Waterloo Duke 32813, of different branches of the tribe followed from Rose Hill, and Gaddesby. Twenty-eighth Duke of Oxford 3371'3, was purchased at Lord Chesham's sale ten years ago : 2nd Lord of the Forth 38639, succeeded him from Dunmore, followed by Rowfant Duke of Oxford 43926, bred by Sir Curtis Lampson, and with Duke of Elmhurst 2nd 43091, out of the own sister to the Twenty-fourth Duke of Airdrie, came the first introduction of a Duchess sire. Our first view is of the cows in milk, and Waterloo Oxford 2nd, the only one tracing to Waterloo 13th, is no unworthy representative of the fashionable tribe ; Blanche 17th, is a gay looking grand- daughter of Blanche 12th, bred at Holker ; and Baroness Kirklevington 2nd, a deep made young* cow, hails from Elmhurst, Red Rose of Wye, and Red Rose of Thicket, represent the once famous Rose of 124 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. Sharons, but the best are not reached until Wild Eyes 14th, a fine old cow, the mother of three good daughters, and Cherry Duchess of Elmhurst 4th, a lovely dark red, quite the handsomest animal in the herd. At the far side of the Park, Charming Sweetheart, and Charm of Thicket, are half-sisters from Sweetheart 4th ; Beaming Eyes 7th, a well bred Lady Worcester, was purchased very cheaply at the dispersion of Mr. J. Wood's small herd in the East of the County, and of the same family are Wild Elma, and Wild Elma 2nd, own sisters, from Wild Eyes 14th, the younger being the more promising ; then three grouped together have all the character of true bred shorthorns with Princess of the Priory, own sister to Prince Airdrie, now in service at Wetherby, as the best of the trio, which include one of the Selbys, founded from a cow bought at the town of that name, and two more good red heifers of this family are shortly before us. Waterloo Duchess of Thicket, a red and white, is unfortunate in her markings, while Wave of Derwent 2nd, is a very pretty heifer, and Wave of Derwent, hjr dam, an exceedingly attractive, short legged cow, is gazjd upon admiringly in an enclosure near the buildings, at the Homo Farm, in company with Waterloo Grand Duchess, bred by Capt, G-andy, and Gwynne Princess 10th, from Waulby. We must not omit from notice, of the animals seen in the Park, Airdrie's Princess of Oxford 2nd, a large massive cow, the dam of Princass of tho Priory, nor the white daughter of Cowslip 48th, second at Sniithfield, last December. On reaching the Home Farm, we have Kirklevington Duchess 26th, suckling a roan cow calf by the old Duke, a smart heifer from Blanche 17th, Duke of Elmhurst 2nd, and Cainbridg3 Duke 16th, the former a lengthy squarely built deep red, apparently still very active, and the latter a roan son of Grand Duke 33rd 39946, and Bed Eose 9th, is a stylish even fleshed bull. During the last two or three sale seasons, no name has been more familiar to the bystanders than Mr. Eiley Briggs, and the herd at Osgodby Hall, 3 miles from Selby, may be justly described as the largest line bred Bates herd, not only in the county, so well known SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 125 for its herds, but in the United Kingdom, and considerable expense has been incurred by Mr. Briggs in making his estate, and buildings, capable of carrying, and accomodating a herd of high class shorthorns. A note is inserted in the preface to the private catalogue issued in 1884-, to (he effect that " it is the intention to rnako this a first class herd of Bates cattle, without being too artificially kept, and not to sacrifice the animal for fashion, but to combine the blood of such animals as the catalogue contains, with additional ones, as it may seem prudent to add in order to make the herd robust and prolific." With such a laudable object in view, a judicious blending of the blood of the various tribes, taking in account their merits and imperfections, when uniting them, and in a do/en years hence such a herd will be to be seen at Osgodby Hall, as will be worth our Yankee friends coming purposely over the herring pond to see, as here are gathered representatives of the pure Duchesses of Oneida,and Lady of Oxfords, so famous when in the States in the hands of Messrs. Walcott and Campbell ; Oxfords from Holker ; Kirklevingtons, tracing through Mr. K/. Pavin Davies' herd, so long associated with the breeding of the Kirklevington Duchesses ; the ancient Barrington tribe has three branches, the Wild Eyes, and Waterloo, four, and three respectively, and the fifth of the six great Kirklevington tribes, the Foggathorpes, have three representatives, but the Cambridge Roses are distin- guishable by their absence, although the Blanches once in the hands of Mr. Bates, are having a trial here, in what may be almost termed a second Kirklevington herd. The Bell Bates families are the Craggs, and descendants of Fletcher's daughters, Fletcher 2nd, and Nancy, now known as Fantails, and Fuschias. Mr. Stephenson's Princess, is represented, and the Darlingtons were added in September last at the Undeiley sale, when two branches came to Osgodby, we think our readers will agree that with such a variety of the choicest materials to amalgamate, there should not be much difficulty in being able to breed the sires for home use ; here are the materials, but alas ! how often what has been in the budding the promise of a first rate herd, has through mismanagement, unsound judgement, or more often to bo regretted the death of the owner ended in total shipwreck of such hopes. 126 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 'Tis in the month of June, we are through the herd on our tour of inspection, and the furthest from the homestead are visited first, passing on our way thither a magnificent field of clover ; the Osgodby estate is naturally better adapted for the growth of crops than cattle, but with the liberal use of bones and manure applied as a top dressing of recent years, it should rapidly effect a change in the herbage. Dailington 26th, a very pretty short legged cow, does credit to her breeder's judgement in crossing a Darlington cow, with a bull of her own line of blood. Oxford Duchess of Killhow 4th, still faulty in her quarters, has improved much in condition since the Dringliouses sale, but Queen of Oxford 3rd, from Mr. Lloyd's, is the best looking of the three Oxfords in the field, while Duchess of Oxford 4th, the recent purchase at East Donyland, is of large scale, and when matured will be a fine looking animal. Harrington's Waterloo, and Countess Wild Eyes, are a pair of stylish young cows ; Bates Foggathorpe, the result of a Cherry cross on one of the finest cows in the herd, cannot be regarded as an unqualified success, as Princess of Blythe 5th, is having her second calf under the year, it is hardly fair to criticise. Fantail Duchess 5th, bred at Capheaton, is beaten for good looks by Fantail Duchess 8th, a very sweet, true, and level cow. Adjoining the Park are the reserve heifers from the sale ; Kirk- levington 31st, exceedingly well grown, has the advantage of age, probably Countess of Kirklevington 7th, a lovely light roan, will be the fancy of some onlookers, especially when considered with the fact of her being one of the purest Kirklevingtons in England. Bright Winsome, is of great length, and Lady Bates 10th, may be said to be the best of this branch of the Barrington tribe at Osgodly, being in colour that deep dark red so much admired by the Americans, her sire, Cherry Duke of Holker 2nd, has left another good daughter, in the robust, deep bodied Bright Winsome 2nd ; not to be omitted is a purely bred Craggs, pretty but somewhat small, and not likely to develope as she matures, like the red and white Darlington 31st, bred at Underley. Over the rails, and we are in the park, where twenty two animals in milk are before us, Merry Duchess, and Wild Eyes I., are large framed and handsome, the former with a SHO11THORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 127 capital udder, and the latter, one of the very purest of the Wild Eyes tribe. Kirklevington Duchess 28th, the dam of the very pretty heifer before alluded to, is very refined, without being suggestive of delicacy of constitution, another fine cow is Oxford's Kirklevington Duchess, with three daughters in the herd. The Winsoraes, and Polly Gwynnes, are equally strong in numbers ; Lady Ashton Wild Eyes 8th, and Wisdom 4th, the mothers of the two Bright Winsomes seen over the railings, are of the former tribe, and of the two, we prefer Wisdom 4th, despite a lightness in the thighs, as she is a cow of much sweetness of character, with nicely laid shoulders, good barrel, and lengthy quarters ; Grwynne Duchess 2nd, short legged, and deep bodied, is a capital dairy cow. Deepdale 3rd, has all the wealth of flesh, and good looks, belonging to the Darlingtons, but the lily white Blanche from Kimbolton for sweetness of head, horns, and general character, wins easily against the field. The two males in use are Duke of Leicester, and Lord Oxford 14th. the first named is perhaps one of the finest old Dukes in this country, now that Duke of Connaught's death is reported, we consider him more massive than the Berkeley bull ever was, as he weighs 27cwt. in working condition in his 8th year ; he has been in the Osgodby herd nearly 3 years, and has never refused his daily food, his substantial frame is well knit together, that broad masculine head, deep chest, broad shoulders, wide back, substantial thighs, and not wanting in the flank, completes the making of a good bull. Lord Oxford 14th, his junior companion is thick and short, but even in. flesh, although there is a want of squareness in the general outline as compared with the old Duke. Duke of Lancaster, within a few days of his first birthday, who will soon join the other two, is a long level bull, with great depth of flank, and a masculine head and horn. At the Lathom sale, the younger of the two Duchesses of Ormskirk, was generally thought to be much superior, each have produced living calves and the red and white, besides having had her second calf, a roan heifer, has grown into a fine lengthy young cow, fully equal if not superior to the roan, besides this she has the honour of breeding both the first Duke and Duchess, bred at Osgodby. 128 SHORTHORN HERDS OP ENGLAND. Near the highway passing from Osgodly to Selby, the River Ouse winds its course, and on the opposite bank near to the town, a few good framed shorthorns are to bo seen, the property of Mr. John Foster, of Bank House. The earliest purchases were Miss Irwin, her daughter, Matilda, and Plush, all of the Sowerby family, purchased at the dispersion of Mr. Win. Linton's prize winning herd in 1879; afterwards came the Carolines, mother, and daughter, bred by Mr. R. Walmsley, and at the last of the Thicket Priory sales, Rosetta, and two heifers of the J. branch of the Princess tribe, were added to the previous purchases, and from these animals the herd is mainly descended, Rose Duke 10th 48600, bred by Lord Mowbray and Stourton, was one of the first sires, followed by Roan Irwin 2nd 48582, of Mr. Maynard's Flora tribe, and we find Vice Admiral Rose 52291, bred at Carperby, by the celebrated Vic 3 Admiral 39257, from Rose of Summer, has recently come to assist the home bred Selby 50425, a deep red son of the Duke of Manchester's Oxford de Vere 4th 46821, and Jersey Rose, purchased at Mr. J. I. D. Jefferson's sale. Vice Admiral Rose, is a very even made bull, not unlike Mr. Handley's Royal Ingram in colour. Carnation, an excellent dairy cow exhibited in the non-pedigree class at the last Yorkshire Meeting, is still very blooming and may probably if again sent in the show ring, not be so easily overcome by her late victors. Caroline 5th, the first of the family bred by Mr. Foster, not five years old until the end of the month, has bred live calves, and is in calf again, in appearance she is a short legged deep fronted cow, with a capital udder, and in the same byre is Rosotta, somewhat put in the shade by the merits of the two whites. Close at hand we have Yorkshire Prido, Rosetta's produce after purchased in calf to Oxford De Vere 4th 46821 ; in her companionship is the dam of the Resarve bull shown at tha R. A. S. Meeting at York, as well as Ruby, by Mr. Willis' Booth's Royal Seal 36016, and her daughter, of Mr. Ben Wilson's Certainty tribe. The heifers are all together, and include several pretty daughters of Roan Irwin 2nd, with them is Jersey Duchess, a handsome cow, with a beautiful velvet like touch, having six highly bred Bates sires on Jardine, by Lord Warden 7167. SlIORTHOKN HtillDS OF ENGLAND. 129 Returning north wards once more, Warlaby is reached, and it is needless almost to mention its situation, as what breeder, however his tastes may incline, has not at some period of his life visited, and borne away with him charmed recollections, of the heavily fleshed, compact, arch ribbed, line bred cattle, seen on the rich pastures, or at the homestead, about two miles from Korthallerton, known to all the shorthorn world as the abode of the late Mr. T. C. Booth, not only one of the most respected of shorthorn breeders, but also of the leading agriculturists in this country, to whose interests his early death was so great a loss, and it was mainly owing to his efforts and that of Mr. Jacob Wilson, that the measures for the better prevention of the introduction of Contagious Diseases into this country were passed, from which, not only his herd, but many others had sustained such serious losses. The foundation females of some of the tribes at Warlaby, were selected by Mr. Thos. Booth, the grandfather of Mr. T. 0. Booth, in the latter half of the last century, and at the sales of the brothers Colling, he purchased Albion 14, at Ketton, and Pilot 496, at Barmpton, but the history of the herd to the time of Mr. Carr, publishing his work on the Booth herds, has already been written, and passing on to late years, the most important event occurred on the memorable day at Aylesby in 1875, when the entire herd of the late Mr. W. Torr came into the market, and of the large number then offered, only one family traced to a foundation bred from the stock belonging to the Messrs. Booth, and this went back to Anna, representing the Studley herd, and of 16 female descendants brought into the ring, a dozen came to Warlaby, at a cost of 12,000gs., including Bright Empress, the highest priced lot of the day ; and more than half the herd now trace to them, the more numerous however being the Kibys, which although only three were purchased, now exceed those of the nine Brights, as to be expected with eleven years passed over since the sale, all the originals have departed. Crossing the road from the buildings, we have fifteen cows and heifers in the pasture, and Lady Charming, the only daughter of 130 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. Lady Cheerful, is an exceedingly fine heifer, worthy of the ancient line of Broughtons, or Blisses, which she so creditably represents. Lady Nancy, another daughter of Royal Stuart, is possessed of that great natural flesh appertaining to the Warlaby cattle, and her first born, Lady Nancy, a thick sappy heifer, not unlike her dam, is seen in company with Morghana, the American bred Christen, now safe in calf to Prince, although in breeding she is as "line bred" as any of the Warlaby cattle, being by Royal George, a Christon bull, exported to the States by Mr. Morgan, along with the grand-dam, and dam of this heifer. Bridal Gift, by Mr. Ackers' Lord Prinknash 2nd, is from a daughter of Bridal Morn, by the renowned Cornmander- in-Chief, the once only hope of the so much prized Halnaby or Strawberry tribe, and alas ! the hopes are still but centered on a couple. Bridal Gift, has had but one calf, Lord of Halnaby, a promising roan by Fitz-Mowbray, and Bridal Queen, by that excellent sire King James, is a wealthy fleshed, short legged cow, with substance enough to shew that with healthy animals, and judicious mating, line breeding does not necessarily mean delicate constitutions, this is certainly one of the features at Warlaby, that despite the line breeding so closely followed for generations, every animal seen appeared perfectly healthy, with no lack of constitution. With the exception of a couple of Christons, the rest of the fifteen are Brights, and E-ibys, both however discontinued, and substituted by various names ? no particular naming has been followed as to the former, but the prefix of Royal distinguishes in the majority of instances the latter, although we find that there are exceptions in a few instances to this guidance. Royal Maiden, one of the few daughters of the favourite Royal Benedict, and Riby Lassie (the only one of the Ribys from which females are descended), has bred eight calves, and is again near calving with a capital appearance of milk ; and Royal Damsel, from Royal Lady, a daughter of Riby Lassie's, we are informed never went dry between two of her calves. One of the handsomest is Royal Matron, uniting both branches of the family, through her sire Eastern Emperor, a grand-son of Bright Empress, and Royal Dame, having recently calved is like her dam, SHORTHORN 1EEUDS OF ENGLAND. 131 Royal Maiden, showing excellent dairy qualities. The Bright s include Danish Queen, England's Queen, and Royal Countess, all with different sires, are promising 3 oung cows, the last named being one of six heifers bred by Bright Marchioness, considered one of the best of the Aylesby dozen, and it may be added that being somewhat doubtful she was sold under a guarantee to breed, and has since been the most prolific of the Blights, and on returning to the pasture adjoining the yard, one of the prettiest of the ten waiting to be admitted, is Queen of the Heather, by Mr. Staniforth's Knight of the Heather 38524, a son of Heather Flower, bought by him at Aylesby, this is the fi;st of several experiments tried by Mr. W. C. Booth, the present manager of the herd, and no b.id result of the introduction of Mr. Robert Col ling's Wildair blood, highly prized bv the late Mr. To IT, as being lineal descendants of Hubbaek 319, and of the highest priced cow, and heifer at the B.u mpton sale, viz : Nonpareil, sold to Earl Spencer for 370gs., and her daughter, Sweetbriar, to Mr. Maynard for 145gs. A second cross with this tribe has been tried by sending the Riby Sovereign Lady to Mr. Mitchell's Flower King 4!)595, the calf is only young, but hardly the same success is apparent as the first production of the Wildair alliance. Another of the tribes that passed through Mr. Torr's hands were the Village Roses full of good old blood, and British Boy 30597, bred by Mr. W. Fox, was put to Maritana, and the result, May Queen, is a very pretty heifer. As the last large group were mostly Annas, the present are mainly Christons, the second most numerous family at Warlaby, and the grand white Mary Stuart, ths first of Royal Stuart's get, with her magnificent front, rare loin, well arched rib, and lengthy level filled quarters, is a treat to gaze upon, and may be considered one of the fin3st of the tribe, unfortunately in both 1883-4 have her •calves been lost, the latter a premature birth, and on the former occasion three were born, she however seems none the worse for the unusual exertion, and it is to be hoped a live calf may be her next addition. The oldest of the tribe is Mina, by that favourite sire, Royal Benedict, out of Margaret, and Monica, a grand-daughter of 132 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. Marchioness, is very squarely put together. Scottish Queen, a wealthy good Bright, has a dark roan heifer, Lowland Queen, by Lord Provost, a Bliss bull used by Mr. Wel»ted in Ireland ; another fine cow is Koyal Symbol, from Bright Design, and Queen Olga, a very level daughter of Bright Swede, must not be left without mention. In the calf boxes nothing is of greater promise than Countess of Mowbray. from Royal Countess, the only daughter of th3 Halnaby Royal Consort at Warlaby. Mantilla, has four of the most noted Warlaby sires heading her pedigree, being by Royal Stuart, from Mercedes, by Royal Halnaby (half brother to Royal Stuart), and then follow Royal Benedict, and King James, her dam we are happy to say is now the only idle cow at Warlaby. Madam, a lengthy young heifer, is the last calf of the grand old Marchioness, at present she is not so low to the ground as the rest of the herd, but this fault will probably improve with age, as she matures. King Roderick 44999, and his son, King Rudolph 48110, have not long returned from Adcote, and West Dereham, while Eastern Emperor 44763, a good masculine bull of great substance, is the sire of the handsome Royal Matron, and Imperial Consort 48044 : the latter from Bridal Queen, is unfortunately not regarded as a sure getter, but his one daughter, Queen of Flowers, from Queen of the Heather, is remarkably pretty. Prince 51859, a very even straight red two year old of Royal Stuart, and Royal Damsel, has been used for the heifers, after being in service at Killerby. Near at hand is his own sister. Royal Beauty, in company with Lady Mowbray, the last calf from Bright Marchioness. La^t but not least is Royal Stuart, the sire that has never left Warlaby since the day of his birth on April 21, 1877, and to which many cows have been sent from various herds, including a Duchess from Wetherby, and an Oxford from Killhow, while at home he has been largely and successfully used, as witness the robust good looking lot of stock by him seen in the pastures. He is own brother to Bridal Queen, and of larger scale than many of the Warlaby bulls. Mr. T. I. EarWs small herd at The Grange, Bolton-on-Swale, is restricted to one family, bred from Bolton Maid, by Mr. Outhwaite's SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 133 Lord G-odolphin 36065, with the exception of Welcome Home, of the famous Hecuba tribe, purchased at the Killerby sale. Bolt on Beauty, was highly commended by the judges at the Royal Agricultural Society's Meeting at York, and Bolton Snowdrop 2nd, by Lord Zetland 43596, from Bolton Beauty's own sister, has won several prizes ; with three of Mr. Outhwaite's show bulls at the head of her short pedigree, naturally something good is expected, and it may be added the remaining three sires were bred at Hartforth, and Aske Hall. At Masham, Mr. T. Theakston, also restricts himself to few families, Saucy Janet, by Mr. Bruere's St. Swithin's Star Drop 40667, from Saucy Jade, bred by Mr. W. White, a thick short legged cow with a good udder, is the oldest of five of this tribe, four of which are by Mr. Willis' President G-arfi^ld 46869, who has lately been used in the herd ; formerly Mr. Theakston sent his cows over to Mr. Bruere's Vesper bulls at Braithwaite Hall. Letty, and Lavinia, with their two daughters, Lady Clifton, and Lady Grarfield, are the descendants of a cow bought from the late Mr. T. C. Booth, and the former's pedigree consists of four highly bred Booth sires, viz : St. Swithin's Star Drop, Star Regent, Lord Blithe, and Knight of the Shire, with careful additions of first class bulls this should develope into a tribe of eminence in future. On leaving the station at Thirsk Junction, passing Sand Hutton on our left we duly reach Sion Hill, where the Hon. Gr. E. Lascelles, more with a view to keeping a herd for dairying and ordinary breeding purposes on the farm, than having any particular fashionable strains of blood, has got together some twenty head of shorthorns, the bull calves are generally stared, and the heifers not pampered in their rearing, so naturally milk is by no means absent. Rosy, and Rose of May, a pair of thick useful cows with good udders, come from Mr. W. White's, of Burrill, and the latter is the mother of Wide Awake, a neat daughter of Wealsman 42580, a son of Mr. Torr's Welcome Wreath, used at Sion Hill. From Mr. Fawkes' came Vesta, with a Booth foundation, but sired by Baron l.'U SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. \Vinsoine <*>th 331 1 1 ,she has bred seven calves, only two of which have been heifers. Septette, and Puret, bought from Mr. Sergeant-son, have each a heifer, and Peppermint, of the old Buncombe Paik blood, has bred her produce of good size, and symmetry. Baron Musical 3rd 49086, of the Siddington Musical tribe, and Roan Hovingham 51983, from Irwin's Star, the mother of the better known Hovingham 43363, are now in service. Returning from Sion Hill, a call is made at Sand Hutton, to see the large portion of the herd belonging to the late Mr. Lumley Hodgson, excepting a few animals kept on the grass land around the residence at Highthorn, near Easingwold. The origin of this herd were cows and heifers bought in 1848, from the Messrs. Maynard, and Mr. Ben. Wilson, and as long as Mr. Anthony Maynard lived, Mr. Hodgson had the privilege of using his bulls. In 1852, Nelly, by Mr. Bates' 3rd Duke of York 10166, was purchased at Mr. Dale Trotter's sale, and her descendants are very numerous Nellie 41st, is of larger scale than most of the family, with head indicative of great shorthorn character. After Mr. A. Maynard's death, for some time, only bulls of Mr. Hodgson's own breeding were used, but being of opinion that his cattle were deteriorating in size, he purchased Sympathy, Lady of Ryedale 14th, and the bull Buckingham 28106, from Lord Feversham, whose Waterloo Grand Duke 30241, was also used. Several heifers by Duke of Kent 336«0, in c.i If to Wild Hillurst 39321, bred from the old Wiseton herd, were purchased at the Grate Burton sale. Jedburgh 41715, a J. bull bred by the Earl of Dunmore ; Cherry Stone 49269, and Winsome Duke 3rd 44274, sons of Baron Oxford 9th 42738, and Duke of Tregunter 5th 33743, have been the more recent sires, and Weston Duke 4th 52349, a good looking red son of Wiseton Duke 2nd 47299, and Lady Weston, tracing to Mr. Booth's Alexina, of which family several good females are also seen in the yards. The Strawberries, and Cranberries, are from two heifers by Mr. J. Bell's Kirklevington 14774, (a son of 2nd Duke of Oxford 9046, and Beauty), bought in 1856 from Mr. Wailes, of Rounton, and descended originally from cows belonging to Miss Cust, of Danby. SHOItrilORX KURDS OF ENGLAND. 135 On the Wolds near to Pocklington, Mr. James E. Singleton, has long been a successful breeder of Leicesters, and at the Kirk- levington sale in ] 850, he purchased Waterloo 4th, which bred him two heifers, and from the older sister originated the well known Lady Waterloos, which were eventually parted with to Mr. Cheney. The shorthorns are now removed fiom Givendale, to a higher lying farm belonging to Mr. Singleton, known as Greenwick, and is at present famous for the excellent family of Ruths, exhibited at the Yorkshire Meetings at Hull, and Selby, in 1881-5, at the former in a class of seven entries, first honours fell to Mary Euth, and her three daughters, and at the latter Mabel Euth 3rd, a very handsome cow with her daughter, Mabel Euth 8th, a promising heifer by Silent Duke 42382, and her son Anthony Euth, obtained the reseive number to the well known families of Messrs. Thompson, Eoljambe, and Sharp. Mr. Singleton's herd is now limited to his Mabel Euth family, with the exception of Ellen 6th, bought as a calf at Beadlam Grange, and descended through Lord Zetland's herd to Viscountess, by Mr. Bates' Duke of York 4th 10167. Euth, the ancestress of the prize winning families was bought at Mr. John Emmerson's sale at Ery holme, near Darlington in 1851, and is described by her purchaser, " as being somewhat small, but a nice animal," she only bred one heifer named Grace, by Surplice 10901, and to June 9, 1886. Mr. Singleton has sold descendants from her to the amount of <£2,838 9s. Od. to go to various parts of the world including Belgium, Eussia, and South America, and included in them was Grand Euth, unnoticed in a class of 144 at Bingley Hall, afterwards second at the Eoyal at York to Self Esteem 2nd. For a futuie sire Mr. Singleton has Lord Glo'ster Gwynne, a very lengthy roan April calf, bred by Mr. J. P. Clarke, a son of his Lord of the Isis 51624, and Lady Glo'ster Gwynne. Keld Head, two miles from the Junction at Pickering, is the residence of Mr. S. H. Loy, who has been a breeder of pedigiee cattle for some considerable time, and much of the blood of Lord Eeversham's herd has been introduced from time to time. Eyedale 2nd 33727, Eyedale Oxford 40628, Lord Oxford Bright Eyes 3rd 136 SHORTHORN" HERDS OF KNGLAND. 38646, and Baron Eyedale 10th 52483, sons of noted Bates bulls, are all found in the ancestors of some of the animals in Mr. Loy's posssession. Baron Costa, a home bred bull, by Baron Rose 50835, from Eose of Keldhead, a lengthy young bull of good quality is in service. The females comprise chiefly pedigrees of local celebrity, one of the best cows being Laurel Wreath, a good red and white of the old Duncombe Park blood, but Florentia Wetherby traces to the Florentias, well known at Tortworth, and Didmarton, and Mr. Loy has also several of the Cressidas, which when passing through Lady Pigot's possession naturally received a strong infusion of Booth blood. Two stations beyond Malton is Knapton, where at the Hall of that name resides Mr. E. Tindall, whose first purchases Red Eose, ^nd Bloom, were made in 1S59 from Mr. Samuel WiJey, ot Brandsby, unfortunately the former was lost in calving. Two years later, Integrity, (with the same foundation as Self Esteem 2nd) Miss Spearman, and White Eose 2nd, also came from Brandsby, and the owner has descendants of all the originals excepting Eed Eose. Bulls were first obtained from Mr. Wiley, including his famous Earl of Derby 21638. Lord Feversham's Cecil 25725, of the Chaff tribe was purchased, and begot milkers, but his stock were considered rather void of symmetry. Sampier 35466, and Sir Cyprian 40700, bred at Braithwaite Hall, were of Mr. Bruere's Eose family, and his famous Vesper blood was introduced through Astral Prince 39386, whose son Alimondi 42660, succeeded him, his grandson Blairmore 49156, has lately been in service, and at present Warlock, an Aylesby W, considered one of the best of the Mertoun lot last year, has his abode at The Elms Farm, where Mr. Tindall's tenants, Messrs. J. and W. Scorsby have the use of him to a large herd, composed entirely of the tribes owned by Mr. Tindall, many of the females being bred by him. The portion of the estate in the owner's possession comprises a choice piece of grass of not large extent, but sufficient for the few good animals Mr. Tindall possesses. Of Derwent Queen 2nd, Silver Thorn, and G-olden Star 2nd, the last named is our favourite, a large framed magnificent fronted cow, SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 137 with capital dairy properties, her daughter, St. Margaret, seen in the pasture, is a wide short legged heifer, the first to calve to "Warlock. Another daughter is Queen Bess, but she has hardly furnished as well as Derwent Princess, out of Derwent Queen 2nd, and with Queen Esther, and Lady Bird, excapting a roan cow calf from Silver Thorn, we see the last of Mr. Tindall's little herd. Passing on to the animals bc4onging to Messrs. J. and W. Scorsby, we consider two of their finest cows, Derwent Lass, a red and white neatly made arched ribbed daughter of Sampier 35466 with much of the Booth type pertaining to her, and Forest Palm 3rd by the same sire, is the dam of St. Paul, sold to Mr. Maskill, of Brandsby, and \vhich has turned out very successful for him. A number of other heifers, in their various ages appear like making very useful cosvs, but of course the great attraction is Warlock, the red yearling, by Mr. Ackers' Eoyal Gloucester, from Wave of the Ocean, he is found to be very promising with excellent quality, and will no doubt leave a favourable impression on the two herds. The herd at Alnwark Manor, belonging to Major Cochrane, is limited to three families. The Lady Booths, obtained from Cleasby, have been noticed in that herd, and King Victor 46560, a son of the "Warlaby Prince Albert Victor, and one of Mr. Mitchell's Eosamond cows has been lately in service. Duchess of Windsor, a handsome daughter of Mr. Unthank's Eoan Windsor 24967, with only four crosses, but all of Booth blood, was purchased at the Peepy sale of 1872 for 105 gs., and two or three of the females trace to her, but the largest number are from Butterscotch, by Master Booth 38724, which has been a most prolific cow for Major Cochrane, unfortunately he is abroad at the time of our visit, so our details are not so ample as we could desire. Although some distance from Alnwark Manor, Mr. John Coates, at Angram Hall, has also Easingwold for his post town as well as Major Cochrane, but it is necessary to branch off from the main line at Pilmoor Junction before reaching the station for Angram Hall, and here we are in bad luck again, Mr. Coates being 138 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. absent at Thirsk market, but a walk amongst the dairy cows, finds them a very useful lot, several are suckling their bull calves, intended for Mr. Crust's Beverley sale, where the highest prices generally fall to Mr. Coates' share. All the females we note have Van Tromp 9774, bred by Mr. W. Cooper, of Oxclose, for a foundation sire, and have been similarly bred ever since, the most recent sires have been from the Duncombe Park herd, excepting Prince Waterloo 3rd 45422, a son of that fine old cow Lady Waterloo 23rd, belonging to Sir John Swinburne, Bart,, of this tribe was Waterloo Grand Duke 39291, bred by the Earl of Feversham, who was also the breeder of Oxford Knightley 34985 (a son of Twentieth Duke of Oxford 28432), Lord Cleveland 45975, and Winsome Dake 3rd 44274, sons of Duke of Tregunter 5th 33743, the last named of the fashionable Winsome tribe being now in service. Advancing nearer the coast when in one of Mr. J. P. Clarke's meadows, we have the estuary of the River Humber, in sight, and near at hand. When Mr. Clarke's entries are referred to in Vol. 21, we find no less than ten out of his thirteen females registered, trac.3 to Mr. Stiles Rich's Didmarton herd, and from these animals he has continued to breed without any material alteration, no public sale having ever been held ; at the period referred to when the entries were made in Coates', Duke of Oxford 19th 28431, bred at Holker, was then in service, and the excellent crosses put on the Florentias, Ursulas, Duchess of Rutland's, and Belvoir Belles, by Mr. Rich, have been enhanced in value by the additions at North Ferriby, as Baron Turncroft Oxford 3rd 36209, bred by the Rev. P. Graham, from an Holker Oxford dam succeeded the previously named sire. Sir Glo'ster Barrington 44034, a grandson of Lally 15th, the five hundred guinea calf at Winterfold, was bought at the dispersion of the famous Dunmore herd, and a number of nice young cows are seen by him, while Earl of Oxford 2nd 46306, bred at Duncombe Park, from the fine old Marchioness of Oxford 3rd, has not long departed, and his son Lord Wellington, a young bull of excellent quality reigns in his stead, since our visit Mr. Clarke has purchased Duke of Lancaster 2nd, a son of Lord Oxford 14th, and Duchess SH011THOKN HEKDS OE ENGLAND. 139 of Ormskiik 7th, the fomth generation from Lord Lathom's "six thousand" New Torks Mills purchase. Several cows have recently calved, and are still in the yard, including Lady Julia 4th, a very wealthy young animal, with a Mason foundation, whose dam was one of three females submitted to the public by Mr. Drewry, after the Holker sale of 1878. Oneida's Princess, another good cow, has the imported Sixth Duke of Oneida for sire, making with her daughter, Oxford's Princess, the only specimens of the Princess Victoria branch of the Peach tribe in the herd, when Bell Bates cattle were in their height of popularity in the States, our American friends carried away many of this family. Before leaving the yard the merits of Countess Waterloo, of the Penryhn branch, and Madame Favart, a Duchess of Rutland, are discussed, the latter is full of the most fashionable blood of the day, having such crosses as Earl of Oxford 2nd, Sir Glo'ster Barrington, Duke of Oxford 19th, Duke of Clarence, Duke of York 7th, and Duke of Oxford 6th, in direct succession, and her grandam, Duchess of Rutland 3rd, is a very beautiful cow, one of the best at North Ferriby, she has a good red daughter in Fordham's Duchess of Rutland, by the American Fordham Duke of Oxford 4th, used extensively by Mr. Clarke's neighbour, Mr. Botterill, at Waulby. Of the animals seen nearest the estuary, Duchess Syringa, is our favourite, her companions being a roan Belvoir, out of Duchess of Rutland 3rd, Madame Ursula, Lady Barrington Gwynne, and a Countess of Wetherby, obtained originally from Mr. W. R. Bromet's. The heifers are seen on our return, out of which we select a sweet looking Guelder Rose as ths most to our taste, in fact Mr. Clarke's cattle as a whole are a lot of good heavy fleshed useful animals. A short drive from North Ferriby brings us to Waulby, formerly known to breeders as the place where Mr. Botterill used to invite his friends to meet Mr. Thornton at lunch every few years, and on his removal into Lincolnshire, still another shorthorn breeder changed his quarters, and we find Mr. Joseph Thompson in possession. Mr. Thompson's father at Anlaby purchased Empress at Sir Wm. Wright's sale about 1850, and in point of numbers 140 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. this is the strongest' tribe at Waulby. Ethel, Enchantress, and Ella, three handsome young cows, would do credit to any family, the last named a deep red being our particular fancy. Cassia, bought from Mr. Dixon, of Caistor, has now eight representatives in the female line ; whereas the Grwynnes, and what are known as the Duchesses, are each seven in number, the latter passed through Mr. Slye's possession before corning into Yorkshire, and have some good old blood for a foundation, worth breeding from. Duchess 16th, an excellent dairy cow, by Lord Lathom's Oneida Prince 34948, is own sister to the handsome Duchess Blanche, unfor- tunately given over breeding, and now in. the process of being turned into beef, which if anything like the personal attrac- tions of the animal, very good it will be. The Grwynnes were obtained from Mr. J. H. Casswell's, and are of the favourite branch tracing to Mr. Slye's Orphan Gwynno, by Duke of Grloster 11382, whose daughter Tregunter Grvvynne, sold for 290 gs. at one of the Beaumont Grange sales, and Tulip Grwynne, is the latter's pioduce by one of Mr. Sheldon's popular Dukes of Barrington, after changing owners she bred Waulby Grwynne, to the Kirklevington Duke of Aveland 41355. Baroness Laughton, and Baroness Laughton 3rd, own sisters to Waulby Gwynne, came \,ith the dam from Laughton, and the older a thick wealthy heifer has given birth to Rowley Grwynne; thus the family are in a prosperous state, and being of so prolific a sort will it is hoped continue so. Rose of Ryedale 8th, a fine heavy fleshed cow, is along with her daughter, Rydedale Rose, amongst the cows in milk, which also comprise Baroness Beverley 17th, a favourite tribe of Mr. Brornet's, heavily crossed with Wetherby Duke sires, and the mother of a red cow calf in the boxes. Beaming Eyes 7th, is a pretty Lady Worcester, once so handsome and fashionable at Dunmore, and Winterfold ; probably Lady Waterloo 38th, may be thought by some to be of equal value since the rise of the Waterloos in public favour, the latter is the dam of Mr. Thompson's stud bull Duke of Wellington 51116, a son of Lord Feversham's Prince of Kirklevington 45392, since our visit we hear of the purchase of SHORTHORX HKRDS OF ENGLAND. 141 Giand Earl of Waterloo 3rd, bred at Capheaton, an exceedingly handsome calf of the same family. Kirklevington Duchess 24th, bought as a somewhat doubtful lot at the dispersion of Mr. Lodge's herd, proved to be not so, and Waulby Kirklevington, now grown into a capital heifer, amply rewarded Mr. Thompson for any little risk he might incur in her purchase, another not to be despised heifer in her company is Wild Cowslip 2nd, by Mr. Lovatt's Bushbury Count of Oxford 46023, from Wild Cowslip, bred at Killhow, of the family known so well in connection with Shotley, and in the boxes is a red and white half sister, in company with an uncommonly smart Cleopatra. In Holderness, Mr. Barber has bred shorthorns for upwards of thirty years at Sproatley Eise, and the Duchess Nancys in particular have been associated with the herd since their purchase from Col. Townley, who obtained Duchess Nancy at Messrs. Bell's sale at Kirklevington in 1850; it is this cow's descendants that realized such high prices at Wicken Park, Audley End, and Killhow, and at Mr. Barber's sale in 1876, six females averaged 174 gs., and the thirty-eight head offered made close on £90 each. Several of the tribe are still at Sproatley Eise, known as the Duchesses of Clarence. Unfortunately the large portion of the herd were away on extra grass land taken by Mr. Barber several miles distant, and as the trains did not suit our after plans, we had to rest content with seeing three or four cows in milk, young calves, and Duke of Waterloo 8th 51155, a promising red son of Baron Oxford 12th 45926, and Waterloo Maid 3rd. bred by Sir John Swinburne at Capheaton, and one of his last spring's contingent to Dringhouses. Two Duchess of Clarence cows had excellent dairy properties, and in an old sale catalogue of 1862, Mr. Straff ord in the less than half a dozen lines devoted to his remarks on the herd writes, " they are in perfect health, and regular breeders, many of them possessing excellent dairy qualities. Both the Feathers (descended from the Et. Hon. C. Arbuthnot's stock), and Amelias (full of Townley blood), have been at Sproatley Eise for many years, the former coming direct from Townley, and the latter fiorn Mr. Smyth 142 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. Owen's sale in 1855. Waterloos of three varieties in the female line could have been seen with time at our disposal, viz. the Water Duchesses from Mr. Maynaid's, and one each of the Lady Waterloo, and Nunwick branches. Rembrandt 13587, bred at Townley, winner of sixteen cups and prizes, was used by Mr. Barber in early days, and when the sale took place in 1862. his son Master Eernbrandt 16545, from Miss Feathers, was the sire of many of the heifers, and most of the females were served by either of the To \vnley bred bulls, Royal Butterfly 3rd 1S754, or Frederick's Grandson 17881. Since that date Bates bulls have always been in service, and included Beau of Oxford 21254, Oxford's Baronet 29499, sons of the imported Belle of Oxford 2nd, and Maid of Oxford (5th. Grand Duke 6th 198/6, bred at Springfield, and his home bred son Cherry Duke 25753, from Cherry Duchess 8th, and in Baron Wild Eyes 33109, a son of Baron Oxford 4th 25580, and Prince of Glo'ster 40317, of Duke of Glo'ster 5th 36494 (own brother to Duke of Glo'ster 7th used at Holker), we have two more home bred sires before Lord Feversham's Winsome Duke 2nd 48971 the predecessor of Duke of Waterloo 8th was purchased. After our return from Holderness, crossing over to the newly opened line of the Hull, Barnsley, and West Riding Junction Railway, the second fetation is Willerby and Kirk Ella, near which is Mr. J. 8. Egginton's pretty place, The Elms, and the last few years his name has appeared as a purchaser at several of the short- horn sales. Una 13th, a good looking Uisula heifer, and Sunbeam, of the Sweetheart family, by Mr. R. Pavin Davies' Grand Duke of Glo'ster 36721, came with her cow calf from Ulceby Grange. Red Rose 27th, and Verbina 9th, were bought in Cumberland at the Eden Hall sale, the former of a good local sort in the east of that county, and the latter bred through Mr. J. W. Phillips' herd of Heybridge. The most recent additions are two Booth cows, bred by Mr. R. S. Bruere, and naturally full of his Vesper blood ; it is Mr. Egginton's intention to continue the Booth blood, and not to cross them with his Bates sire Lord of Hougomont 2nd 4995'j, a roan son of Prince of Kiiklevington 45392, and JNawton Duchess 14o SHORTHORN HERDS OF KNGLAXD. of Waterloo 2nd, which was included by his breeder the Hon. C. Duncombe in the Beadlam Grange sale, and there purchased by Mr. Egginton. Certainly the handsomest cow in the herd is Lady Waterloo 12th, a massive fine daughter of Cambridge Duke 8th, and the Givendale Lady Waterloo llth, the ancestress of many good animals, and Gazelle 16th, of a tribe not at present taking high rank in fashion's market, yet there are breeders who will remember the high prices paid for them in their palmy days at Siddington House. If Mr. Egginton only attains the same fame in shorthorns as his neighbour, Mr. Arthur Egginton, has in the Black Polls, he will have no reason to be dissatisfied with his venture. The herd at Grimston Park, near Tadcaster, belonging to Mr. John Fielden, will with its Hecubas soon become to be considered a second Killerby. The original pu: chases were four heifers of this family from Mr. J. B. Booth, and at the time of our visit, Mr. Fielden enjoys the privilege of possessing the only female members of this tribe in England, excepting Mr. Booth, and at the sale after his death we note further additions have been made. Although four animals were purchased, it is from Queen of the Hills, by Merry Monarch, that the entire herd descends, numbering nine females, and five males. It is almost needless to mention that the sires are either of Warlaby or Killerby blood, and Heart of Oak 39982 is on hire from the former place. Nymph, a light roan daughter of the Hecuba Janus 34245, and Queen of the Hills, neat, and of good quality, has been a regular breeder, and is the matron of the prize family when the County held its meeting at Eipon in 1884, which included Naid, another light roan, hardly so neat as the dam ; Queen Valentine, a robust heifer of large scale, one of a Reserve pair exhibited at the Shrewsbury Royal; while the youngest of the family group was an unnamed calf, known at the last County meeting as a prize winner under the name of Dryops, and for this shortlegged massive young bull, if we mistake not further honours are in store. Stuart Queen, by the Warlaby Eoyal Stuart, has the usual good rib and loin so promi- 144 snmmimjx HERDS OF I;N<;I,AVI>. nent a feature at Warlaby. Queen of Clubs, is inclined to be somewhat leggy, although by the famous old King of Trumps, who however has made amends by being the sire of a good calf out of Stuart's Queen, and Grimston Queen, a veij level grand ribbed heifer, must not be left unnoticed. In only the last three volumes has Mr. Geo. Mann, of Scawsby Hall, Doncaster, registered his pedigrees, yet they show as much breeding as many a cow whose ancestry has been recorded from the very earliest days, another instance of the value pure bred bulls do in the country, especially when a careful account is kept of the different sires, and it does not require a vast amount of trouble to so start a new family eligible for Coates' ; more care is required in keeping a careful record of the service of each female, and the date of birth of the calf, than anything else. With the evception of one family, Ambrose 12392, bred by Mr. Sanday, of Holmepierrepont, is the first registered sire, and Lord Thoresby 14856, a Bell Bates, bred by Mr. W. Wood, is his successor in many of them. Iron Duke 20440, was bred at Osberton, and in Zenith 39344, a son of Booth's Royal Seal 280(50, and Zone, a considerable dash of Booth was introduced, then Bob Cherry 33172, bred by Mr. J. E>. Singleton, of Mr. Maynard's Flora tribe, is the sire of some very fine cows, and when Mr. Mann went to the same breeder again for a successor, he obtained Decorator 44617, of Mr. Lynn's Q.ueen family, by a son of Duke cf Connaught, he is also the sire of a very handsome lot of stock of all ages, is a deep massive bull with a wonderful grand neck, and chest. Eight cows are in a field of capital old grass, the first to hand is Miss Willis, a white big framed daughter of Zenith 39344; Princess Alice, and Princess Cherry, half sisters, b) Tele- machus 10th 35728, and Bob Cherry 33172, from Princess, are a pair of fine dairy like animals, and another excellent cow is Wild Air, the mother of one of the best of the yearlings, while of the two year olds, Marigold, is very even like her twin sister Magolia, the latter having been under cover in training for local honours, is naturally in better bloom, and at the homestead is a very pretty SHORTHORN HERDS OF EXULAXD. 145 calf own sister to Fleur-des-Lis, sold to Mr. C. T. Getting, for exportation, as well as a grand white named Oakleaf, the only female not bred at Scawsby, she is the daughter of the Killerby Heart of Oak, and came from Mr. Pybus Home's, near Richmond. Several more very good heifers are noticed, especially the dark roan Alma, and although two years ago Dr. Frias selected no less than ten of the best young animals for Buenos Ayres, Mr. Mann is still to be congratulated on possessing a herd of very good cattle. Mirfield is situate between Manchester and Normanton, and at East Thorpe, a pretty place on the outskirts of the town, Mr. F. Burnley, is founding a first class herd of Bates cattle, having recently purchased Conishead Wild Eyes 3rd, a handsome roan cow, and her grand-daughter by Baron Newfield Winsome, an exceedingly attractive calf. It was the half-sister of Mr. Burnley's cow that brought (UOgs. when 11 weeks old at the Conishead Grange sale of 1877., two more of the same family making 610gs. and 780gs. the same day. The previous purchases were Blanche 25th, Miss Beverley 41st, and a young bull selected privately from the Wetherby herd. Baron Darlington 9th, is a straight level son of Duke of Tregunter 9th, and the grand old white Darlingtina 9th. The two heifers are a pretty pair of roans, the Blanche being the darker colour, in breeding she is by Duke Blanche 47705 (the sire of the white Duchess heifer at Wetherby), and then follow a succession of grand Bates crosses in Duke of Tregunter 8th, Duke of Glo'ster 2nd, Baron Oxford 4th, and Duke of Oxford 10th ; probably the Miss Beverley will be preferred by some onlookers for straight-ness of outline, and as to which will be the better breeder, time alone will prove. Ballifield Hall, five miles from busy Sheffield, is the residence of Mr. T. W. Cadman, who has a good collection of dairy short- horns, any one of which failing to milk to his satisfaction, has to part company with her owner, the right course to adopt without doubt in order to possess a first class herd of this description, but the question of a sire to mate with them is of equal importance, and Mr. Cadman, in obtaining Earl of Fawsley llth 32823, a son K 140 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. of Duke of Barrington 10th 43067 and Rose Knightley of Xaseby 2nd, has followed the traditions of the Knightleys for being famous for their milking properties, and Knightley 's Grand Duke 2nd 49836, bred at Weston Park, also of the Rosy tribe, is the sire of many of the heifers. Mr. C. Hobbs' herd is well to the front in the white Chorus 4th (of the same foundation as the better named Musicals) and his neighbour Mr. Edmonds in Rose of France loth, another very useful white, is also favourably represented. Frantic, a daughter of Col. Kingscote's Oxford's Fane 34495, a fine up- standing squarely framed cow belongs to the Florentias, once well known and popular. Mr. Hobbs' herd has sent forth Bonny 12th, and Bonny 13th, of short descent, from two own sisters. Laughton Princess 5th, bred by Mr. Casswell, is a stylish Bates like cow of the Ursuline branch of the Lily Bells, and Duchess of Kent, of the Lady Walton branch, is only yet in her heiferhood. From Mr. Cass well's came also Fame, by Mr. Wood's Lord Chancellor 20160, which gave 28 quarts of milk per day, and Mr. Cadman has some good cows, and heifers, of great milking properties descended from her. Countess of Wragby, famous in the St. Albans herd, was bred at Ballifield Hall, and is of the same foundation as the Lady Seymours ; yet another favourite dairy family of the owner's are the Lunettes, obtained originally from Mr. Thos. Whiteside, in the neighbourhood of Preston. Sweet Pea 53735, bred by Mr. J. Capel Croome, descended from stock originally bred by the Messrs. Rich, at Didmarton, has been purchased to assist Earl of Fawsley llth. SHORTHORN 1IKRT)S OF ENGLAND. 147 CHAPTER VI. The Lincolnshire Herd*. — Yruldlethorpe. — Limber lltujna. — llelton Boss. — Tathicell Hall. — Scothern. — Hackthorne. — Gate Burton. — Strojcton. — Lauyhton. — The Norfolk Herds. — Sandringliam — West Dereham Abbey. Yaddlethorpe, four miles from Grunness, on the Manchester, Sheffield, and Lincolnshire Railway is our first destination, and on this estate, purchased by Mr. T. A. Titley, considerable additions have been made to the buildings to make them suitable for the animals put chased by him at the recent leading Bates sales. That beautiful cow Kiiklevington Duchess 16th, looking very blooming, is one of the first to welcome us, and in another box, Kirklevington Duchess llth, a very grand old cow, suckling a red bull calf, is from the famous Kirklevington Duchess 5th, the highest priced of the tribe ever sold in this country, being pui chased by Sir Curtis Lampson for l,100gs. ; since our visit Mr. Titley has wisely secured a grand-daughter in Countess of Kirklevington 7th, one of the choicest heifers in the Osgodby herd. In the newly erected substan- tial byre are Baroness Beverley loth, full of Wetherby Duchess blood, and a capital milker ; Lady Emily Barrington, a daughter of Duke of Wetherby 5th 31033, and Lady Ellen Barrington, of the favourite Laurel branch, came from the dispersion of Mr. H. Lovatt's well known herd in company with Winsome Colleen, a grand specimen of the breed, with ever} characteristic of a fashionable bred shorthorn, she brought 7 15gs. when a yearling, being the second highest priced animal, sold at Shotley Hall in 1878 ; her name indicates her ancestry, and it remains but to add that the departed Duke of Connaught is her sire. Czarina 5th, another excellent animal has however not the wonderful depth of the Winsome, and Rowfant Brunette 3rd, a daughter of Grrand Duke 37th, unfor- tunately like many another good heifer is white in colour. Lady York and Thorridale Bates 10th, is from the beautiful Lady York and Thorndale Bates 2nd, a very handsome cow- favourably noticed in a herd already mentioned ; this young cow 14(S SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. was a purchase with her half sister, Lady York and Thorndale Bates 12th, a very taking young heifer, at present very level and straight, with a wonderful attractive head and horn. The Cambridge Roses have become so fashionable that a rising herd like that of Mr. Titley's would not do to be behind the times, so at Audley End both a Heydon and Thorndale Rose were purchased, the latter one of the very best of the favourite branch which averaged for male and female over =£200 per head for the fifteen brought to the hammer. Thorndale Rose 29th is seen in the owner's pretty park near to Leeds, just the place for a few first class shorthorns, and two or three of the special favourites are generally located there ; as this heifer proudly walks to meet us carrying her head in that graceful style becoming her high breeding she is the object of much admiration, being the possessor of both hair and flesh in abundance, with not the least sign of any delicacy of constitution discernable, indeed a more robust looking heifer it would be difficult to wish for, so it is yet within the range of possibilities to have both an excellent animal and purity of blood combined, and always will be, provided more discrimination be used in the mating of the animals, and when brighter days dawn ones more for pedigree shorthorns, those breeders who have kept unsullied the purity of the great Bates and Booth tribes will most assuredly have a great and just reward, right well will they deserve it, and let us hope that the day will not be long in corning. Accompanying the two Roses from Essex were a very shapely Knightley heifer, and Oxford King 51814, the young bull, Lord Braybrooke had bought for the use of his Cambridge Roses from Mr. Lloyd, a dark red son of Grand Duke 41st 46439, from the Oxford calf that cost Mr. Lloyd over 900gs. at Stone Cross in 1878, he has not grown into a large bull but is of quite the Bates character, with a capital masculine head and horn. The first important purchase by Mr. Henry Sharpley, of Limber Magna, near Ulceby, formerly located at Ackthorpe Hall in this County, was at the dispersion of the Biddenham herd in 1870, where the Gwynnes were so much admired, Fairy Gwynne, and Fancy Gwynne, daughters of Fifth Grand Duke 19875, having fallen SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 149 to Mr. Sharpley's share, they have since been crossed with many of Mr. R. E. Oliver's famous Grand Dukes, which were either purchased, hired, or visited ; in referring to the various pedigrees we find Grand Dukes 7th, 19th, 21st, 22nd, 25th, 27th, 30th, and 33rd, appear amongst the sires, and in addition Cherry Grand Duke 4th 30712, also from Sholebioke, was one of the earlier sires. In late years Mr. Sharpley has bought Fordham Duke of Oxford 4th 41569, long used at Waulby ; and Knight of Worcester 3rd 40581, a dark roan heavy fleshed bull, wonderfully wide in front, and squarely built, was purchased at the Hindlip sale, where he was greatly admired, previously he had been let out on hire at Holker. The Grwynnes at the end of the past year numbered eight and twenty females, the name of Piincess Grwynne having been appropiiated for the younger members of the family. It is early morn when we go foith to see the herd, as the ten o'clock train has to be caught from Barnetby to Melton Ross. Quite a number of the animals are in the pasture near the house, and the Grwynnes are here numerously represented. The first on turn is Cherry Duchess 29th, the oldir sister of a pair of this ttibe possessed by Mr. Sharpley, out of Cherry Duchess 21st, bought as a calf at Wicken Park. Princess Gwynne 9th, is a good cow full of character, the Twentieth, by Grand Duke of Waterloo 44897, minus the dash of Booth caused several generations ago by Duke of Leinster 17724. is not so neat as the Twenty-fourth, one of five sisters from the Fourth, which although not in high condition, has the straight outline of a good heifer, and the Twenty-second is also thick and good. In the buildings are a red and white Blanche, an excellent dairy cow; Princess Grwynne 10th, a fine looking deep bodied daughter of one of the Grand Dukes ; Dainty Darling, a handsome large framed white, bred by Mr. A. Crane, in Kansas, of the Duchess Nancy tribe, from which sort Mr. Sharpley bred his prize bull Duke of Grenoa 33746, Champion male at the Yorkshire in 1873. Thorndale Rose 32nd, a dark roan heifer was bought at Audley End, a year ago, and by the addition of Thorndale Rose 33rd, a few days later at East Donyland, it is evidently intended to make them a leading tribe at Limber Magna, certainly for their wonder- 150 SHORTHORN 11KRDS OF ENGLAND. ful line breeding, and prolificness in Lord Braybrooke's hands they are worthy of a place in any herd ; Oxford's Waterloo 4th, another good old sort, but not quite to our liking in head and horn, she has been a most excellent breeder, having been the mother of Grand Duke of Waterloo, used at home, Grand Duchess of "Waterloo, exported with her calf to Canada by Mr. R. Gibson, and three daughters now in the herd, one is seen at the home buildings, another is visiting Mr. P. L. Mills' Duke of Rosedale 19th, and the third occupying a shed in one of the pastures is brought alongside the highway for inspection as we are en route to the station, and shows herself to great advantage as she marches on the turf in all the gaiety of that taking style so p?culiar to a Bites shorthorn, and we congratulate the owner on possessing so charming a family ; and Grand Duchess of Waterloo 4th has added to the number by bringing a promising cow calf to Baron Oxford 17th About two miles away Mr. Sharpley has a second set of buildings in which many of the heifers have not yet left the straw yards. Cherry Archduchess 2nd, an exceedingly handsome roan, is considered one of the finest cows at Limber Magna. Passing on we see in company with Berkshires from Lord Rendleshain's ; Princess Gwynne 7th, an excellent breeder, and Silence 3rd, one of two sisters from Silent, by Mr. Sheldon's Earl of Wai wickshire3rd 26079, out of Surmise 2nd. Sylvan Charmer 2nd, in the next yard represents the Sweethearts, and in another one, Grand Duke 33rd has four daughters. Melton Ross, is situate only one mile from the junction at Barnetby, and there Mr. Jonas Webb, with a lot of good looking cattle, well maintains the repute of the old Babraham herd, several of which are descended from it, and of late years Duke of Worcester 10th 49491, a handsome red bull, by Grand Duke 23rd 34063, from Lady Worcester 5th, has been extensively used, but is now at Streetly Hall for a few weeks, previous to being offered at Mr. Henry Webb's sale. Keystone, his handsome yearling son, out of Vocalist, one of the grandest cows in the herd, is now in service at Melton Ross. Mr. Webb's name has recently appeared pretty frequently in the prize lists, and a number of promising young SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 151 animals are coming forward for future victories. Melton Flirt, a daughter of Lord Lathom's Baron Aston 37770, and Queen Dodoua, one of the first brought forth, is already favourably known to the public with her grand forequarters, and excellent touch. This family was obtained by the purchase of Young May Flower, the grand-darn of Melton Flirt, from Mr. H. Webb, she being a daughter of May Flower, the foundation of the Streetly Hall herd in 1856, which was bred by Mr. Jonas Webb, at B.ibrahain, and a grand- daughter of Dodona. purchased by him from Earl Spenccer in 1838. Clayden Rose, Lady le Harrington, and Nancy Lee, half sisters, from Lady of the Lea, have also the old Babraham blood in their veins. The best of the three is Nancy Lee, a nice shott legged cow, winner of several prizes in her younger days, and the mother of a grand two year old heifer. Clay den Hose, appears very good at the pail, and Lady le Barrington, will with Laura, a daughter of Nancy Lee's, and Lady Alice, a Cold Cream bred at Ulceby Grange, join the old bull at Streetly Hall. The fashionable Wild Eyes tribe is represented by Wild Countess, a capital ribbed lengthy daughter of Wild Eyes 37th, with much the graceful style of her dam now in the Wetherby herd. Melton Wild Eyes, her own sister, is in company with Melton Waterloo, of the Thicket Priory branch, suckling a red bull calf by Duke of Walton 51154, a Knightly Walnut bull, bought at Cockfield Hall, out of that grand cow Tsolt, afterwards seen in the Babingley herd at Sandringham. In the adjoining yard is Beverley Duchess 30th, a pretty daughter of Lord Wildrake 45175, having by her side a red cow calf, since placed second at the Yorkshire Meeting at Sheffield. In the Park we have a remarkably fine short legged cow in Lady Bracelet 2nd, of the sort well known at Sholebroke, and now at Preston Hall, which with the handsome Vocalist, of the Seraphina tribe, so successfully exhibited when in Mr. Chalk's possession, are a pair of cows of which any owner may be justly proud. A thirty miles run from Ulceby Junction brings us to Louth, and to Tathwell Hall, four miles distant, Mr. R. Botterill, one of the leading breeders of shorthorns and thoroughbreds in the East of 152 SHOimiORN HEltDS ul" KNGLAND. Yorkshire, removed his herd and stud three years ago. At the former place the herd was founded alout 1870, by the purchase of twelve cows and heifers of the old Farnley blood from the representatives of the late Mr. Dawson, of Weston Hall, near Otley ; afterwards at the dispersion of any highly bred Bates herds, purchases were often made for Waulby, and previous to the removal into Lincolnshire, seventy three head, being the larger portion of the herd were sold at an average of betwixt thirty and forty pounds each. Eordbam Duke of Oxford 4th 41549, bred by Col. Morris, a thick short legged massive bull, was sold after his arrival from the States, at Stone Cross in 1878, and falling to Mr. Bottei ill's bid, he remained in service until the sale of 1883, and a number of excellent daughters aie seen at Tathwell Hall. Previously Oxford le Grand 29496, from Sixth Maid of Oxford, sold at the 1873 Townley sale for 800 gs. had a long term of service, and even in earlier days the sires had been of very fashionable blood, Nineteenth Duke of Oxford 28431, having been purchased at Holker, and the fine old Duke of Clarence 19611, hired from Wttherby. The land now occupied by Mr. Botterill is over 1,000 acres in extent, and in addition to the extensive herd of shorthorns, over 90 in number, there are a flock of 500 Lincoln ewes, and a breeding stud of about thirty thoroughbreds. Before reaching Tathwell Hall, we have the owner waiting for us at the Maltby buildings near to the highway, where are Earl of Siddington 6th 51189, and Beau of Oxford 50865, the two present sires, and three young bulls sold to Messrs. Torrome, Son & Co. awaiting shipment to South America, these are Red Duke (Duchess Nancy), Wild Duke 6th (Wild Eyes), and Cambridge Rose Duke 2nd, a grandson of the 300 guinea purchase at Audley End, and a very excellent young bull, which has been put to several of the heifers. Bean of Oxford, bred by Mr. Horsfall, a son of Viscount Oxford 4th 44209, and Belle of Oxford llth, is a lengthy growing young bull of nice quality, and the Earl of Siddington likewise a lengthy good bull, has Tortworth for his birthplace. SHOltTHultN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 153 The Waterloos known as the Duchess of Wellingtons, may be said to be the leading family ; all are descended from the Lady Waterloos, of Givendale, and Gaddesby fame, and at their head is Lady Waterloo 27th, a thirteen year old daughter of Lord Feversham's famous white Oxford bull, and the "Patriot" cow, looking equal to adding to the numerous Duchess of Wellingtons. Her first born, Lady Waterloo 30th, came from the Wallington sale with the dam, and is a deep framed good animal, and Duchess of Wellington 3rd, is curiously the first born of the daughter ; all are together, and form an inteiesting family group, but the best of the tribe is Duchess of Wellington 2nd. from Lady Waterloo 27th, truly she is a very handsome cow, of which any breeder may be proud, with that beautiful frame, so well and admirably formed, at present she is suckling a roan heifer calf by .Field Marshal Wellington llth 51254, a son of her half sister, Lady Waterloo 30th. Another good daughter of Lady Waterloo 27th, is Duchess of Wellington 14th, a very pretty heifer, one of the best of the yearlings. The Cambridge Roses, represented by two cows, and their calves, are descended from Heydon Rose 3rd, who after her acquisition had only one calf, Cambridge Rose 7th, by Lord Braybrooke's Duke of Rosedale 3rd 33723, thus uniting the Thorndale Rose with the Heydon Rose branch of this popular family. Cambridge Rose 7th, has now grown into a handsome cow, and is full of true shorthorn character, Cambridge Rose 8th, her daughter, by Mr. Foster's Lord Wildrake 45175, has like the dam had a roan cow calf, but by Beverley Prince 52518, a family that Mr. Botterill has retained in his herd almost from its commencement, having originally acquired them from Weston Hall, the name of Beverley Duchess, originated with Mrs. Dawson, and has been since continued. With the exception of Beverley Duchess 28th, from a Grand Duke of Weston cow, no other of the older females are seen. The Beverley Duchesses, formerly the Miss Beverleys, descend from Red Darlington, bought on the recom- mendation of Mr. Bates, by Mr. Burnett, of Black Hedley. The G wynne Princesses, bred at Upleatham, for many years have been very prolific in Mr. Botterill's possession, and Duke Gwynne 39754, 154 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. was sold to the owner of the Wetherby herd. Another branch of this family ars the Minstrels, formerly at Kolker, named Gwynne Princesses like the Upleatham Gwymies. The Lady Fortunates are descended from Mr. Cowling's old blood, and in earlier days produced Duke of Brunswick 25937, considered one of the best bulls ever sent to Australia, and Mr. J. H. Angus, of Adelaide, when over in this country in 1879, took out Lady Fortunate 2nd, and Lady Fortunate 4th, from Waul by. The Cherry Oxfords have the same foundation as the well known Cherry Duchesses, and the Oxford Roses will be remembered for their good looks at the earlier Holker sales. Mr. Botterill has also several Acombs, Walnuts, Lady Hildas, styled Lady Hudson Bates', and Peach Blossoms, while the more fashionable Oxfords, and Wild Eyes' are not left in the cold in this extensive herd, the former being represented by the most recent acquisition, a red and white calf, from Grand Duchess of Oxford 48th, and the latter by the Grand Duchess branch, once associated with Penryhn Castle. Mr. Botterill has erected numerous boxes for brood mares and foals ; certainly the high prices realized, the number, and quality of the winners produced, give every encouragement for the expenditure. The principal Lord of the Harem is Quicklime, a horse of the very highest lineage, and him- self a first-class performer on the turf. When the ancient cathedral town of Lincoln is reached, Scot hern and Hackthorne, are but five miles apart, the former being the nearer at hand, we direct our steps thither to see the animals bred by Mr. A. Garfit from a few favourite cows reserved by him in 1879, when the bulk of his herd were dispersed. The principal family are the Blanches of two lines of blood ; one tracing to the Brilliant Roses formerly at Gaddesby, which produced the Royal winner Brilliant Rose 2nd, and was also the grand-dam of Blanche Rosette 4th, also a Royal and County winner ; the other descends from Roan Duchess 2nd, by the celebrated Frederick 11489, a Royal winner at Leeds, and in Mr. Garfit's possession they have bred Scothern Butterfly 2nd 40768, placed third at the Royal Bristol Meeting, in 1878. Grand Duke 25th 34065, purchased at. vSholebioke, and SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 155 afterwards sold to Mr. II. Loder, was used to the Duchesses at Whitlebury, two of his daughters, Adelaide, and Blanche Rosette 5th, are the first seen, both have had a turn in the show yard, and did not return unnoticed. Sylvester 53060, a good looking Sweetheart bull, purchased from Mr. H. Sharpley has succeeded Lord Wildrake 45175, bred by Mr. S. P. Foster. The cows and heifers seen in the fields on an unpleasant showery day, in the month of April, are not looking to advantage, but the Blanches are prominent ; Brilliant Rose 7th, at their herd, has been a fine cow in her younger days : Scot/hern Duchesses 6th, and 7th, half sisters, by Lord of Scothern 34(526 (a son of a very fine Lady Worcester heifer bought at Winterfold), the former commended as a calf at Derby, has dis- figured herself by damaging a horn, and the latter is a square good heifer of considerable scale. Aigrette, from Adelaide, is pretty ; Ripple, and Russet, descend from Mr. AValesby's Old Dairymaid, by Monarch 18414, and Thrift, to Earl Spencer's Telluria. Hackthorne, a very extensive holding, like most of the farms visited on which shorthorns are kept, is in the occupation of Mr. Thomas Pears, who differs from the majority of the breeders in the County by going in for Booth blood, and in the past Killerby has been chiefly resorted to for sires. Prince Stuart 45421, Bezique 33148, Welcome Chief 48918, Paul Potter 38854, and King of Trumps 31512, having all been hired, and at present Lord Protector 43565, from Warlaby, grazes contentedly with three daughters of Paul Potter. After seeing several young bulls including Hotspur, a lengthy son of AVelcome Chief, and Rosary, of short Booth descent, bred at Acton Burnell, whose half brother Hodge is running with the heifers, we have Water Witch, of the Farewell tribe, still suckling a calf, although not having had one for over two years ; and her daughter Firefly, by King of Trumps is in the adjoining yard. Wave Music, a highly bred Aylesby " W" came as a little calf from Barmoor. After breakfast we start for the pastures, and find a number of well bred cows and heifers, many almost pure Booth, and their top crosses have not deteriorated in their purity of blood since coming into Mr. Pears' possession. Vain Princess, a 150 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. daughter of Lord Clarence 45074, from Vain Queen, one of the three Knowlmere purchases last summer, is a capital ribbed young heifer, and Fair Maiden, with two of the best Killeiby sires of recent years on Queen of Autumn could hardly help being good. Augusta, arid her dam, Authoress, the only two of this family which descend from the Rev. J. Storer's Anna 3rd, being of the same lineage as the Brights, and Kibys, indeed they may be said to be of purer descent from Mr. Booth's Anna, than either of their more fashionable rival branches, as the sires intervening between Studley and Hellidon have certainly more Booth blood in their veins than that possessed by either the Ribys or Brights after their departure from Studley until their finding a resting place at Aylesby. Cynthia, and Countess, are own sisters in blood, being grand-daughters of the twins, Double Roses 1st, and 2nd, bought at Millbeckstock by Mr. Pears, whose grand-dam the handsome old White Rose, tried at the fountain head, sold the same day for 300gs, to the Rev. T. Staniforth ; several more are afterwards noticed of this family which has baen prolific at Hackthorne. Maids of the Abbey, Orleans, and Saxony, aie Mistress Marys with the introduction of the Bates Lord Liverpool 22168, at Hey bridge, whence they were obtained. On our return to the County town, we visit a number of more distant animals, but our vehicle, and a warm morning combined, have the effect of keeping the cattle some distance away. Roberta, and Rhoda, are own sisters, out of the older Double Rose, the latter a particularly nice cow, has an extremely pretty roan heifer calf. Vain Damsel, hails from Knowlmere, and Attractive Lady, by Mr. J. Downing's Earl of Ashfield 36571, is of a family that came from Panton, while of two own sisters Mountain Rose, and Mountain Maid, the latter is the younger and also the better heifer. The herd at Gate Burton Hall has had an existence of nearly fifty years, but after the death of the late Mr. W. Hutton the entire herd, with the exception of half a dozen females were sold by auction in 1878, at an average of thirty three pounds. Previously the herd had been bred principally from Tragedy, bred by Earl Spencer, and Vesta, a descendant of Mr. Booth's Miss Foote, by Pilot 496. Sires SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLANJX 157 from Aylesby, Burghley, Duncombe, Farnley, Lenton, Osberton, Preston Hall, and Wiseton, had been in service. Since Col. Hutton came into possession of the herd, several fresh tribes have been added to the six animals retained in 1S78, and Grand Duke Winsome 44898, a son of Grand Duke 23rd 34063, from that beautiful cow, Winsome 12th, bred by Mr. A. H. Lloyd, has been largely used. In Bright Boy 47511, bought at the Prinknase sale, a dash of Booth had been tried, and by the use of Attractive Count 52422, the present male animal, more of that blood is being infused, He was bred at Hackthorne ; this family produced the great prize winner, Attractive Lord, so successful when in the Earl of Ellesmere's possession. One or two of his calves have arrived, and a red heifer out of Mirable, an old Gate Burton sort, is very pretty, and of great- length. In the first pasture almost all are of the old Gate Burton blood. Mirabel, a level short legged cow, sired by Mr. Brassey's Duke of Kent 33680, traces to Strawberry, by Earl Spencer's William 2840. Marjory, and Miranda, also of this family, a pretty pair, are by Mr. Ackers' Bright Boy 47511, while Rosemary, a wealthy growing heifer, very level and straight, is a beautiful bred specimen of Mr. Maynard's Moss Rose tribe, having the illustrious names Duke of York 7th 17754, and Imperial Oxford 18084, in- cluded in her ancestors. Cressida, a fine old cow, has like her daughter Constance, a grand udder, these with Ophelia 2nd, and Sarah Siddons, the latter a daughter of Mr. Botterill's Eordham Dake of Oxford 4th 41569, all descend from Earl Spencer's Tragedy, a tribe that have been remarkable for their fecundity at their present home. In a distant meadow we find Seraphina Duchess 2nd, a daughter of Lord Bective's Duke of Underley 2nd 36551, and Seraphina Duchess 5th, of Lord Braybrooke's Duke of Rosedale 8th 39780, two of the highest bred of the tribe, having in passing through the well known herds of Gaddesby, Eowfant, and Scaleby, naturally had the advantage of the sires in sevice there ; Sweetheart 39th, from Osberton, is an arch ribbed Booth like cow ; and lastly are seen three more daughters oi Grand Duke Winsome, whose produce are both numerous and good at Gate Burton Hall. >> SHORTHORN HKRDS OF ENGLAND. On arriving at Grant bam, Mr. Charles Lynn awaits us with a smart grey cob addicted to occasional shying, which makes our journey to Stroxton far from monotonous ; before reaching the house, several fine fields of grain, looking all that could be desired, are shewn us as appuitenant to Chinch Faim, in fact, excepting cart horses, everything on the premises, down to the poultry department have their ancestors recorded, and recently Mr. Lynn has gone in for growing both pedigree wheat and barley on a large scale. The foundation of the shorthorn herd was laid between 40 and 50 years ago by Mr. Lynn's grandfather, but none of the tribes in the first herd are in the present one ; when Mr. John Lynn, the father of the present owner came into possession about the year l^OO, he retained, amongst others, representatives of Earl Brownlow's Gorilla, and Priscilla families, and the Clementina branch of Mr. Booth's Eame tribe, but these too h ive all departed, dispersed by the hammer of 'Sir. Strafford in 1870, along with two or three more fashionable sorts; a few animals retained, with pinchases made at Gaddesby, and one or two other sales, are the present occupants of the pastures at Stroxton, and it is the intention of Mr. Charles Lynn to confine himself to the four tribes he now possesses, viz: Cambridge Roses (Thorndale Rose, and lied Rose branches), the Queens, from Mr. Robinson's, of Clifton Pastures, Sir Charles Knightley's Walnuts, and the Lady Spencers, tracing to Mr. Mason's Xo. 55. In the first paddock we have only the favourite Cambridge Roses, the home bred ones deserve notice first on account of the length of time they have grazed at Stroxton; as far back as l1^;^. Red Rose 5th, was purchased privately along with Cambridge Duke 4th 25706, of the same tribe from Mr. Charles Leney — a brother of the better known " Frederick " — the latter proved an effective sire, and was used many years by his new owner, while the former has five female representatives in the herd and Cambridge Dukes from No.'s 5 to 22 have been brought into the world at Stroxton from this cow and her descendants. Red Rose 5th, was a cow greatly admired and coveted by many gentlemen, when 2,000gs. was bid for her, Mr. Lynn declared he would never part with her ; at one time, the SHORTHOKN HKRDS OF ENGLAND. 159 late owner of this superb cow had the only English bred Cambridge Roses outside of the Audley End herd, and the prices realized at their two sales show the appreciation in which they are held. Heel Roses llth, and 12th, two reds, are half sisters, by Oxford Duke 45297, one of the pure Lady of Oxfords, exported to America by Mr. R. Gibson, and grand-daughters of Mr. Lynn's original cow, a pair of nice breeding young cows, they have done their duty by each having produced a brace of live calves ; the Twelfth is our favourite of to day, but the Eleventh having suffered from a recent attack of jaundice, has not yet recovered her bloom ; certainly of this group of Roses it is Thorndale Rose 7th, the highest priced heifer at Audley End, where she was sold for l,000gs., to whom the diploma of merit is awarded, a truly beautiful type of the Thorndale Roses, she is as purely bred as she is good looking, with immense substance, and taking style, although somewhat disfigured by a lump on her knee, which no doubt had a deterrent effect on buyers at Hindlip, but she is now in excellent health and appears none the woisc3 for it. It is worth recording how Mr. Lynn obtained possession of his second branch of Cambridge Roses at the Hindlip sale. Mr. Lynn and his neighbours Messrs. J. H. Casswell and A. Deans attended the great Hindlip sale, and Thorndale Rose 7th ; jointly purchased by them, was sent to Lord Underley Barrington, a red bull calf was the result, and eventually it was agreed that on the return of Messrs. Casswell and Deans, from the Osgodby sale, a private auction should be held at Stroxton, it was a " small company, but a good sale." Both cow and calf were after animated bidding retained on the homestead by Mr. Lynn, at 81gs., and 60gs., respectively. In ^he adjoining paddock a capital red bull calf out of Red Rose 10th, does credit to his sire Lord LTnderley Barrington. Advancing further, Queen of Oxford, a light red, is of a very favourite family of Mr. Lynn's, known as the Queens from Clifton Pastures, and for the future as Queens of Stroxton ; she is half sister to the two young Red Rose cows and even more related as her dam was by the home bred Cambridge Duke 8th, indeed Cambridge Duke sires have been introduced into both the Lady Spencers and 160 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. Queens, so if the owner carries out his intention of breeding from his present four families, a hsrd of great similarity of character will be the result, with such excellent material to work from, it should be found profitable, as well as pleasurable occupation. Lady Spencer, in company with Queen of Stroxton, is very full of Cambridge Rose blood, of the six top crosses no less than five are of this tribe. Lady Emily Duchess, a daughter of the G-addesby 3rd Duke of Gloucester, is of Sir Charles Knightley's Walnut tribe, with a dash of Booth thro' Second Duke of Bolton ; her descendants are to be named Lady Stroxtons, the first of that name is now suckling a red cow calf in the pastures, where are found the young Roses : by their numbers, there is little fear of Mr. Lynn being able to carry out his father's injunction "to always have a Red Rose at Stroxton." Thorndale Rose Tth's son, roams with his foster mother in company with the three heifer calves, and their sire, Lord Underley Barring- ton 5 1664, is a straight gay looking bull. He is of the favourite " G-i-and Turk" branch of the Barrington tribe, and a grandson on the sire's side of the house of that distinguished pair, Duke of Undarley, and Duchess of Hillhurst 5th. The Berkshires descended from the noted winner, Worcester, are already favourably known, and Lincoln and Hampshire ram breeding is also carried on by Mr. Lynn, and as the demand increases for the former for crossing purposes, so will the supply at Stroxton. Mr. J. H. Casswell's herd at Laughton, near to Eolkingham, •was bred in its earlier days from six females purchased at Mr. Ostler's sale near Louth, in 1831, and crossed with bulls from Messrs. Dixon, Duckling and Smith ; but of late years the name of Laughton has been familiar to frequenters of the Bingley Hall sale in March, as one of the names attached to certain highly promising young Kirklevington and Lily Bell bulls of almost pure Bates descent. It was to see Mr. Casswell, and his herd, that we travelled from G-rantharn rid Essendine, and Bourn, to Rippingale Station, a circuitous route certainly, but a long drive across country was the only alternative, Mr. Casswell farms about 1,000 acres, widely scattered, and the afternoon finds us driving over his various farms, SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 161 but Cambridge Duke loth 46030, by Duke of Glo'steu 3rd 33653, from Red Kose 9th, is first led forth for inspection ; he is a straight level bull, and the young stock seen by him are of good colours, and promising for keeping up the owner's reputation at Bingley Hall. Driving through the first pasture, Duchess of Laughton, and Duchess of Laughton 5th, are a pair of pure " Kirks." The older, a lovely dark red of fine character, is by Mr. H. J. Sheldon's Duke of Barrington 5th 33575— used by Mr. Casswell, as was also Lord Bective's Lord Lunesdale Bates 34592, of the same family — and the mother of Duchess of Laughton 4th, seen in the next field, a nice cow, unfortunately somewhat doubtful ; her sire is Duke of Aveland 41355, a son of Duke of Underley 33745, and Kirklevington Duchess 2nd, bred at Laughton, and used successfully for several seasons, as were also Duke of Elmhurst 39371, and Laughton Duke 45035, sons of Kirklevington cows, by Mr. Fox's Twenty-fourth Duke of Airdrie 36460, and Mr. Oliver's Grand Duke 30th 38373. In company with Duchess of Laughton 4th are two Laughton Princesses, the name given by Mr. Casswell to his Lily Bells ; one branch descends through Ursuline, imported into this country from America, and the other from Lady Waltons, obtained from Mr. W. W. Slye. Moss Rose, named after her ancestress, Mr. Maynard's Moss Rose, would be very attractive if a better colour ; as to breeding we congratulate Mr. Casswell on having secured the best of a good old sort, and with Fourth Duke of Thorndale for the first cross after Mr. Maynard's blood, a good beginning was made, and in the hands of so experienced a breeder we doubt not but it will be continued. Duchess of Laughton 7th, a lengthy good heifer, is of much the same character as her dam, Duchess of Laughton. Before passing onwards, a capital cart mare with a foal by one of Mr. Miller's horses must have mention. In another field we have Spicy Laughton 6th, a well bred Sweetheart, of which there are numerous good specimens : Duchesses of Laughton 8th, and 9th, and the latter may be considered the best of the nine Kirklevingtons, as she is a grand heifer with extraordinary style. In our next group we have L 162 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. Duchess of Laughton 3rd, the result of a Lily Bell cross, considered one of the best dairy cows in the herd, and the mother of an especially good bull. Laughton Duke 4th, purchased by Mr. John Thompson for the use of the Duke of Beaufort's tenantry. Coining to one of Mr. Cass well's numerous sets of farm buildings, we have Heydon Duke 17th. a yearling son of Duke of Hindlip 2nd 46246, and Mr. H. Leney's beautiful Heydon Eose 9th, bought as a, calf at Audley End, and intended for the successor of Cambridge Duke 15th ; with such a mother, and so good an individual animal, no harm can result from a second cross of the same line of blood. Duchess of Kent 2nd, and Duchess of Cambridge 2nd, two aged Lady Walton cows, are good at the pail, especially the former, and there are also several good Charmer, and Walnut cows. Going further afield, we come to a fen farm occupied by Mr. Casswell, where are his yearling heifers, a splendid array of reds and roans ; all are by the Cambridge Eose bull, excepting Waterloo of Yoi-k 3rd, the calf bought at the Osgodby sale, whence came another young Waterloo cow. Many who had never found their way into Norfolk to visit the Bates and Booth herds possessed by the popular Heir Apparent, and kept some three miles apart at the Wolferton and Babingloy farms on his S.indringhim estate, no doubt like ourselves took advantage of the "double event" which occurred in the county in July, and on the Thursday of the "Boyal" week made their appearance at Wolferton Station, to attend the successful sale held on the Home Farm at Sandringham, resulting in an average of <£50 for the sixty-nine animals, which passed through the ring in the presence of His Eoyal Highness, the Princess of Wales, and their three daughters, as well as the leading breeders and agricul- turists of the county, in addition to the foreign representatives who secured several lots. It was a brilliant success, the vast assemblage surrounding the enclosure giving their bids with a heartiness that augurs well for the future of shorthorn breeding. Sir Charles Knightley's blood has largely preponderated in both herds in the past, and especially famous have been the Booth SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 163 crossed Diadems formerly at Windsor, whence they travelled to Pitlochrie, to be brought into Norfolk by the Kev. J. N. Mickle- thwaite, at whose sale they were purchased for Sandringham, where it may be mentioned pedigree shorthorns have been bred since 1873. On the Satuiday following the sale we return for a quieter and better view of the retained animals, and Wolferton, the home of the Booth herd, being within sight of the station is first visited. Diadem 3rd, a fine old cow, the oldest of the five daughters of Diadem, which won the family prize at the K-.A.S. Meeting at York, is seen under cover, and in a paddock adjoining we have Prosperina, a daughter of Primula, bred at Callaly Castle, by Mr. A. H. Browne, and the dam of Woiferton Knight, the highest priced male two days ago ; in her companionship is Paragon 8th, claiming descent from Earl Spencer's Zeal. The Diadems form the leading feature in the group of elder cows, they are still headed by the veteran Diadem, which retains her old form remarkably well. The light roan Diadem 5th, a sweet pretty cow, with a grand rib and loin, is perhaps the best of the five members of the family here together, but her half sister, the Eighth, runs her close, with that short compact well made frame, surmounted by a sweet feminine head. The Seventh, a daughter of the home bred Frederick 38317, from the Third, may be said to possess greater length than our favourite. Prunella, the younger of the two Northumberland purchases descended from Mr. John Wood's Premium tribe, has the Mantalini Windsor's Prince of Mona 32883 for sire, followed by several other good bulls, including the Eoyal winner Duke of Aosta. Countess 2nd, bred at Windsor, stands very near to the ground, and has a capacious well filled udder, while Easthorpe Maiden is of the West Dereharn Easthorpe Strawberry family, sired by Sir Benedict. As the reserved heifers are far away on the marshes, and we have still the Bates herd to see ere proceeding to Mr. Aylmer's, our time being thus insufficient for the distance, we have but to see a couple of heifer calves, and the two stud bulls. Baron Wolferton 44387, a good looking son of Mr. Ackers' Lord 164 SHORTHORN HKRDS OF ENGLAND. Prmknash 34655, was the first produce of Primula, after corning into Norfolk, and has been extensively used since Mr. Aylmer's Bliss bull Admiral 39063, did service ; but during the past year he has had for his lieutenant, Fitz-Mowbray 49591, hired from the executors of Mr. T. 0. Booth ; the latter is a dark red son of the handsome Marchioness, and as mentioned in our remarks on the Warlaby herd two of the most promising calves of that place are sired by him. As both Admiral, and his predecessor, Homer 34170, also bred at West Dereham, were white, the use of this dark red sire will have a tendency to keep the colour of the approved " tints." Babingley, lies nearer to Sandringham, and a brisk drive soon brings us to the buildings, where Lady Comely Celia, the latest purchase by Mr. Beck, has recently calved a roan heifer : with her arrival a new tribe was introduced, and so far as fashion goes probably the least given to finding favour with the public of any ef the thirteen tribes on the farm, excepting of course a local sort coming from Mr. Brackenbury's Petronella. The present sire, Baron Oxford 18th 50830, combining the blood of the purest of all the three branches descending from Oxford 15th, and the Lady Oxfords, with Duke of Connaught for grandsire, was greatly admired when paraded previous to the sale ; certainly his masculine head, and robust shapely form, are sufficient to convince the practised eye, of his high lineage, and superiority as a sire for use in any high class Bates herd. Baron Ryedale 37813, bred by the Earl of Feversham, was the first bull used in the herd, and halt' a dozen home bred bulls from dams of the Wild Eyes, Fuschia, Grazelle, Musical, and Honey families, intervened before the pur- chase of Baron Oxford 18th. Then a Wild Eyes calf, is the only one that has fallen to Barrington Duke 50859, a son of Oxford Duchess 25th, sold to Lord Fitzhardinge. This is the most numerous of all the tribes, numbering five distinct varieties, with Gorgeous Eyes, a grand-daughter of the handsome Wild Eyes Duchess, exported to Canada from the JSTunwick sale, re-imported by Lord Dunrnore in 1873, and sold at the great Duninoie sale of SHOKTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 105 1875 for 480gs. when ten years old ; her great granddaughter, Beautiful Eyes, has the double cross of Duke of Tregunter 5th. The Lady Worcesters, represented by Rosvfant Wild Eyes 3rd, arc of the branch that went out to the States, and were brought back by Mr. T. Holford from New York Mills in 1873. More fashion- able as regards market value are Winsome Beauty 12th, and her white daughter, Winsome Oxford, a heifer of great style, descended from Mr. Maynard's Winsome, but Winsome 28th, and her yearling heifer. Winsome Oxford 2nd, curiously trace, not to Winsome, but to her half sister, Bonny. The ancestress of Winsome Winnie 2nd, like that of GJ-eorgeous Eyes, and Beautiful Eyes, was exported by Mr. Cochrane, and returned with Lord Dunmore's importation in July, 1873. Bushbury Countess of Kirklevington 6th, a heifer of very great substance, and Bushbury Countess of Kirklevington 7th, were obtained at the dispersion of Mr. Lovatt's herd, their naming, as it should be with every tribe, denotes the family to which they belong. The Barringtons are of the favourite Grand Turk sort, so popular with Americans ; Oxford Duchesses, from Messrs Horswell's ; and Lallys, of Winterfold fame. Countess of Barrington 13th, a young cow of very nice character, bought for 210gs. at Holker, has given birth within the past day or two, to a red and white bull calf. Oxford Duchess 25th, in addition to being the dam of Barrington Duke 50859, sold to head the Berkeley Castle herd, had a heifer in 1885, to Merry Monarch. Lally Barrington 8th, seen in company with her companion from Lathom herd, lost her daughter at the recent sale. The Blanches had the honour of being at the head of the price list at the recent sale, beating both the Wild Eyes and Barrington representatives. Blanche Rose 9th, bred by Lord Fitzhardinge, and by Duke of Connaught 33604, is the best of the half dozen reserved Bates cows seen at the Home Farm on the sale day, being so full of that shorthorn grace and character with which heirsire so invariably stamped his female produce. Blanche Lady, her daughter, by one of the Babingley bulls, might be neater in her quarters, and can hardly be said to be the equal in looks of Lord Fitzhardinge's Lady 16G SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. Blanche Rose, \vhil« Lily Blanche, the other of the pair of Blanche heifers sold, has an own sister retained in May Blanche. A third branch through Lady Blanche Oxford, were like the Blanche Roses, originally at Gaddesby, and Mr. Cheney's General Napier 24023, appears in both the pedigrees. The Knightleys are known as Walnuts, Rosys, Quickleys (only one specimen), and Sylphs, or Sweethearts. The first tribe are well to the front, in the two fine cows, Gwendoline, and Tsolt, bought at Lord Feversham's, and Mr. F. H. Jennings', where the latter reached the highest figure of the day. Lady Kingscote Rosy, bred by that veteran breeder, Mr. F. Saitoris, is ageing fast, but must have been good looking in her younger diys. Ruby Swe3t Lips, an exceedingly lengthy light red cow, and her daughter, Row^na, have a dash of Booth through Mr. Housman's Lord of the Harem. 16480, a son of Duke of Buckingham 14428, and Gulnare. The Surmises, like the Kirklevingtons of Bell Bates origin, have Princess Surmise, a very good cow, bred at Kimbolton, tracing to Princess, b) May Duke 13320, to represent one line, and of an entirely distinct variety, are the Silences, latterly from Killhow, where Silver Locks, the purchase made by Mr. Beck, was bred, being sired by Mr. Foster's Duke of Ormskirk 36526. Quite an important family are the Kingscote Honeys, bought first at the sale held by Col. Kingscote in March, 1879, when the two best heifers of the tribe were secured at 160gs. each, and since supplemented by Lady Underley Honey, a good fleshed heifer from North Frith, and a purchase at Bingley Hall, both however out of Kingscote bred cows. Honey 64th, still on the premises, and one of the original purchases, proved the dam of Harry Hotspur 44922, first at the Yorkshire Meeting, in 1881, and third at the Reading Royal the following year. Another Gloucestershire family are the Gazelles of Siddington fame, and Mr. Beck was fortunate enough to secure, amongst other purchases of this family, Gazelle 29th, a remarkable handsome cow, by Duke of Tregunter 2nd 26022, she bred Geometry 47946, used like Harry Hotspur in the herd, and also a prize winner being placed second when sent over to the Irish Royal, at Londonderry. SHORTHORN HERDS OF KNOLAND. 167 When reaching West Derehain Abbey, we come to the largest herd of Booth shorthorns in this country, and one that is known not only in every County of the British Isles, but on both the American and European Continents, as well as the Australian, Canadian, and New Zealand Colonies, for the excellence of the young bulls sent forth year after year by its owner, Mr. Hugh Aylmer. Second only to the herd are the Long Woolled Flock, established over seventy yea-is, fiom which something like four hundred rams are annually sent out to various home breedeis, the Continent, and the Colonies. During the shoit period the flock was exhibited, upwaids of six hundred prizes were won. The commencement of the herd took placj in 1840 when two calves, one of each sex, werj purchased from Sir W. Bagge ; but twenty years later more than one half the herd succumbed to the cattle plague. Not dis- heartened by this most unfortunate loss, Mr. Aylmer began to acquit e more fashionable bred animals, from time to time, and to which he used many of the best bulls to be hired at Warlaby, vi/ ; General Hope well 17953, Prince Christian 22581, Ravenspur 20628, British Crown 21322, Eoyal Broughton 27352, High Sheriff 26392, Sir Wilfrid 37484, and Lord President 40908. Not included in this list is Royal Commander 29857, bred at Warlaby, exported to Canada by the Hon. M. H. Cochrane, and after four seasons in the Hillhurst herd, he was b; ought back to England, and used jointly at West. Dereham Abbey, and West Hall. In addition it had always been Mr. Aylmer's practice to use the best of his own breeding with the heifers, which custom is still continued. The herd having been very prolific, and increased to one hundred and fifty head, it was decided in the spring of 1883, to offer the young bulls with seven entire families, consisting of the Mistresses, obtained by the purchase of Mistress Margaret, at the Rev. J. Storer's sale in 1868; Ladies, and Phillises, both springing from one foundation cow, bred by Mr. Jolly ; Easthorpe Strawberries, descended from the Panton stock ; Strawberry Duchesses, of Blencow origin ; Gems, obtained by the purchase of Gem, at Mr. Crawley's sale, at Stock wood Park : Roseleaves, tracing to a cow of that name, bought at Mr. Wetherell's 168 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. sale in 1859; and the Floras, bred in the county by Mr. Gamble since 1838, and introduced at West Dereham by obtaining Young Seedling, from Lord Huntingneld. The seventy three head brought an average of within a shilling of seventy pounds. During the past three years one more tribe has been added by the purchase of Riby Lady, while King Roderick 44999, and his son, King Rudolf 48110, have been hired from the Exors, of Mr. T. C. Booth. With the continous use of Warlaby sires, and their sons, from home bred cows, we naturally expect to find one uniform type established, and in that we are not disappointed, as the oblique shoulders, grand ribs, strong wide backs and loins, with plenty of firm even flesh, so familiar to visitors at Warlaby, are to be seen not only in individual animals, but throughout the herd ; the cows are really magnificent, ar^d no wonder that we hear many of the young bulls seen on our visit, have since found purchasers at an average which if we mistake not, will be un-eclipsed by a single herd in the Kingdom. The Blisses, and Fames, being of Warlaby origin, are naturally entitled to precedence of the seven families composing the present herd now over one hundred head. The former tribe, numbering five females, by the death of Mr. Ackers' Zenai'da. have become the only females of the family in this country outside Warlaby. Banter, the original purchase was obtained at Knowlmere in 1871, when Mr. Peel's choice herd of under a score, averaged <£148 8s. 9d. each. Four out of the five of this tribe have bscome matrons, and are seen at White House farm, in company with the Gr. and Killer by Queen cows, certainly by the system of grouping the older females together in the various pastures, no detriment is sustained by any of the tribes on the three farms, all adjoining, and the homesteads within a mile circle. Beautiful Star, a daughter of the home bred Hyperion 34196, has been a fine looking cow in her younger days, and is the mother of Prince Greorge, a March calf, by King Rudolf, a wonderful level youngster, and considered by the owner one of the best he ever bred. A half brother, Baron Bliss, after being used at home, was sold for 300gs., to go to New Zealand. Bijou, half sister to Beautiful Star, but by Sir Wilfrid, is very handsome, and what is better, has bred SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 169 some capital produce ; her daughters Blanche, and Bessie, are in the same pasture, and her sons, King Charles, and Prince Consort, in the buildings near at hand. The older brother, born in December, 1884 (Bessie having been calved in February of the same year), is being used by Mr. Aylmer, who also intends to use Prince Consort, when old enough, certainly they are a grand pair, and it is a doubtful point which will prove the better animal when both have matured. The Castanets, double the number of the Blisses, are considered the best of the seven families at West Dereham ; they were acquired by the purchase of Castanet 3rd. one of the finest heifers at the Peepy sale, she left two daughters, Castanet 4th, and Castanet 5th, both by High Sheriff. The former, now twelve years of age, has been like the Bliss cows, an excellent bull breeder, her first born, Sir Roderick, exported to Australia by Mr. R. McDougall, was the Champion male at the National Show held at Melbourne ; The Baron, proved the highest priced bull at the sale three years ago ; Royal Fame, and Royal Fare, sons of King Roderick, are assisting King Charles in the herd, as with the departure of King Rudolf, no Warlaby sire is on hire ; they are a pair of heavy fleshed young bulls, capital roans, and of good masculine character. Castanet 5th, a very level fine cow, has been as good a breeder of females, as her sister of males, and if it was the practice for the owner of the herd to exhibit any animals, assuredly this cow with her four beautiful daughters, Castanet 7th, Castanet llth, Castanet 13th, and Castanet 15th, would make a keen fight for the family honours, which without doubt may be called the blue ribbon of the showyard. The older sisters graze in the pasture with their dam ; Castanet 13th, is one of the two best of the nine two year olds at the Manor House farm ; Castanet 15th, and Castanet 14th, a very lengthy light roan of great substance, from the oldest daughter, are our favourites of the yearling heifers. The descendants of Calomel, bred by Mr. John Booth, and sold by him to Mr. W. Carr, number nearly two thirds of the entire herd. The branch obtained from Stackhouse have all names beginning with the letter C., and that descending from Killerby Queen 4th, bought at 170 SHORTHORN HERDS OE ENGLAND. the Eev. John Storer's sale in 1868, has the prefix of Killerby to distinguish them. Sixteen cows graze contentedly in front of the Abbey. Clematis, Clemintina, and Cheerful, are daughters of Christina; the first named; with the daik red Casseopea, the possessor of a most excellent back and loin ; Ceres, own sister to Casseopea ; Chloe, a light red short legged arch ribbed cow ; Cordelia (half sister to Sir Benedict 42388, largely used) ; and Cyclamen ; are our favourite half dozen, four of them being sired by Sir Wilfrid. Cassandra, with an excellent udder, is the dam of Casseopea, Ceres, and Charm ; the last named had not long ago been selected by Mr. R. Bruce, on behalf of Mr. J. Hill, of Minnesota. Constance, had a calf when only two years old, so has not had a fair chance of growing out like the rest; and Coral, a daughter of Cheeiful, promises to make a nice cow. Of the younger generation, Crocus, by King Roderick, is very pretty. The original Killeiby Queen purchase, only left one daughter, Killerby Queen 5th, and she has, as if to make amends, had seven, Killerby Belle being one of the pair selected for Sir H. Allsopp, and the five now remaining are much admired : in this family another daughter of Sir Wilfrid, is our paiticular fancy. Foreign Beauty, was purchased at the great Aylesby sale for the object of breeding a sire for home use, and unfortunately after breeding the one required, has continued to produce them of the same sex with the exception of one heifer, \vhich has unfortunately died. Sir Simeon 42412, her first born, after several years use, was sold to Mr. W. T. Crosbie ; and it may be added in his younger days, Mr. Aylmer had the tempting offer of 500gs. for him to go to Australia, from Mr. Hutchinson. Lord Clarence, Sir Francis, and King James, a grand massive white now at West Dereham, are also her sons. Fair Cambrian, bought as a calf at the Prinknash sale has also been a bull breeder, but it is to be hoped that two such fine animals will not continue to do so. Riby Lady, a wealthy white heifer, from Knowlrnere, is by Lord Clarence, out of Riby Impress, sold at Aylesby for 760gs. The Gr's, a third Aylesby tribe, number eight ; Grolden Halo, Grolden Leaf, and Golden Ray. are together ; SHORTHORN IIEItDS OF ENGLAND. 171 Golden Leaf, one of the few daughters noticed belonging to Lord President, is thought the best of the trio, while Golden Beam, and Golden Link, seen behind the Manor House buildings promise well for the future popularity of the tribe at their present abode. The only family that cannot be exactly termed fashionable are the Maids, an old Yorkshire tribe tracing to Joan of Arc. an excellent milker, giving twenty quarts daily for several months after calving. Marchioness of Lome, a light roan, is an exceedingly heavy fleshed daughter of Sir Wilfrid, while Maid Marianne is a young cow of considerable style; each have brought a cow calf this season, as well as a third sister, Maid of the Manor. CHAPTER VII. The KfHtix/t Jh'i'ds. — Wroihtvm Hill Park. — Banning, — Preston H(tU. — Walwingbury. — Hadlow Place. — Little Barton. — Redlands. — Tin' N/f.s.sr.r llcnh. — H 'illinydon. — Kinyston-by-the-Sea. — Horsted. — Warnham Court. — Rowfant. — Stamnierham. Passing through the Metropolis, our first halting place on the London, Chatham and Dover, is Wrotham ; climbing a steep emi- nence as the most direct way to Wrotham Hill Park, the residence of Mr. Jonathan Rigg, we are not long in reaching it, and the shorthorns at the Home farm are soon the object of our attention. Many fashionable females have from time to time become Mr. Rigg's property, and for a number of years, Twenty-sixth Duke of Oxford ,'53708, pin chased for 700gs. at Berkbampstead in 1876, stood at the head of the herd. At present, Siddington Kirklevington 43279, a fine Bates-like bull, by Third Duke of Hillhurst 30975, from one of the twin Siddingtons bought from their breeder, Mr. E. Bowly, by Mr. J. W. Larking, for 600, and 540 gs. each when under twelve months old. The Winsomes, and Waterloos, the two most fashionable tribes at Wrotham, both came from the Conishead 172 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. Grange sale of 1875, when Lady Waterloo 18th, and Lightburne Winsome, were purchased. The Waterloos now number three, and the Winsdmes one more, but it is only fair to add that private sales of females of each family have been made. Wild Eyes Winsome, a daughter of Duke of Undarley 2nd 36551, from the original purchase, has two nice looking daughters in Wild Eyes Winsornes, Sixth, and Seventh, the older being a very good heifer. The Waterloos are considered the better animals, as the three Roses of Waterloo are well fleshed handsome cattle showing plenty of constitution, Rose of Waterloo 6th, the youngest of the family, is especially gay and pretty, and her dam, Rose of Waterloo 2nd. the best animal in the field. The Craggs, and Fantails, are the best of their respective tribes, both having been bought at the dispersion of Mr. W. Angerstein's first class herd. Cambridge Fantail 4th, and her calf, by a young Winsome bull named Duke of Wrotham 5th, are the representatives of Ihe latter family, while the name of Grand Duchess Carolina, given by Mr. Foster to the heifer by Grand Duke 10th 21848, from Carolina 5th, is still continued by Mr. Rigg in the white Grand Duchess Carolina 4th. The Duchess Annies, a branch of the Duchess Nancys, coming through Mr. C. LyalPs herd, have two cows, and a heifer, in company with the older females already mentioned. Returning to the buildings we are shown the recent acquisition, Duke of Belvedere, of the famous Thorndale Rose tribe, bought a few days before at Hilden ; with his present prepossessing appearance he should grow into a sire worthy to succeed Siddington Kirklevington. Mr. Herbert Leney, the youngest of the four sons of the well known Mr. Frederick Leney, began breeding shorthorns in 1876, when his father selected for him the sisters, Lady Blanche, and Cherry Blanche 3rd, at Lord Chesham's sale ; the former bred nothing but bulls, and the latter, one bull, as against five heifers, so quite a large family group are assembled to welcome us at the Hall Place Farm, close to Barming, two stations beyond Wrotham. The female line have been appropriately named Sockburnias, and the Third, a daughter of Sixth Duke of Oneida 30997, is a SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 173 magnificent specimen of a shorthorn — a perfect model for evenness and symmetry considering her great size — what a pity such a cow could not be exhibited straight from the grass to show what a shorthorn can do without the forcing system. Sockburnia 4th, with a lovely head and horn appears none the worse for the double cross of the Sixth Duke of Oneida, and has bred a pretty heifer calf to Earl of Fawsley 4th 49508. Sockburnia 6th, is a good own sister to the Third, and in Belle Blanche, and Earl Sockburn, we have a daughter and son belonging to her ; the former in training for Smithfield has every prospect of proving hard to defeat, and the latter a particularly handsome calf is fit for show purposes. In the Sockburnias, Mr. Lbney has a grand family worthy of being taken every care of in their crossing, as not only are they some of the best bred of the Blanches, but robust handsome cattle, given to breeding on that excellent principle of " like producing like." Another strong family at Banning are the Lady Worcesters ; Lady Worcester 23rd, Lady Sussex, and Lady Sussex 3rd, were all bought at the Horsted sale ; the two cows are a large deep framed fine pair, and the heifer has every appearance of growing into the same wealthy sort. Grand Duchess 39th, bred at Sholebroke, of quite the Bates type, with an especially attractive head, like all true bred cattle should possess, has been sent over to Mr. Brassey's Duke of Rosedale 12th, may the produce be the first of numerous Grand Duchesses of Barming. The Chorus branch of the Charmers, have two beautiful red own sisters in Countess of Barming — exhibited last year — and Countess of Barming 2nd, daughters of .Rowfant Duke of Gloucester 2nd 48610, from Countess 10th, which has like Sockburnia 3rd a double cross of Sixth Duke of Oneida. The Gwynnes, obtained at Havering Park, mother and two daughters, are all of the same fashionable colour, and a wealthy good fleshed class of cattle, suitable for any climate. Deepdale 5th, bought as a calf at Underley, has now grown into a lengthy fine heifer. Lady LTnderley Barrington, one of the seven sold at the dispersion of the North Frith herd at an average of 147gs. has brought a roan heifer calf to Duke of Oxford 67th, and has conse- 174 SHORTHORN HERDS OF KNULAXD. quently turned out a groat bargain, as when purchased she had broken her service, and was looked upon by the company as a "wee" bit doubtful. She is a straight young cow, with every appearance of developing into the like of the older cows so greatly admired at Mr. Hales'. Chancellor of Oxford, a robust good coloured youngster full of hair, is the son of Grand Duke 37th, and Rowfant Oxford, a daughter of Mr. Geo. Moore's " two thousand guinea " cow. When at Banning after the Hilden sale at the end of the month, the purchases had arrived from there, as well as East Donyland, and three more fashionable sorts find a home in this rising herd; at both sales, Mr. Leney was aspiiited bidder, and the lines written by Toby in Punch after the sale of Mr. J. O. Sheldon's heifers at Windsor in 1807 jespecting the spirited bidding of the father may with equal truth be applied to the son : — " There's Leeney from the hop yards ; 'twill be strange if he knocks under, When once the chords are wakened of that Kentish ' Son of Thunder.' Waterloo 45th, was keenly fought over at the dispersion of Mr. Green's herd between the representative of the great breeding establishment at Bow Park, and the County of Kent ; considering that she was within a couple of guineas of double the price of any Waterloo sold that day, great praise is due to Mr. Leney for his pluck and determination to keep so fine a cow in the old country, her roan bull calf by Duke of Leicester 4th, came with her, and is highly thought of by the owner ; the third occupant of the box from Essex was a fashionable pure " Kirk " by Knight of Oxford 3rd, from Kirklevington Duchess 19th. Heydon Rose 9th, an exceedingly handsome white Cambridge Rose cow had for a com- panion from Hilden, Cherry Ripe, a level and compact Cherry Duchess heifer, likely for growing into a cow which will not disgrace the fine lot of animals possessed by her owner. A more important purchase than the females before mentioned, Mr. Leney had to make SHORTHOHN HKRDS OF KNGLAND. 175 in the selection of a sice, at last Rowfant Grand Duke 52014, bred by the late Sir Curtis Lampson, a son of that famous sire, Duke of Connaught 33604, and Mr. R. E. Oliver's Grand Duchess 32nd, was purchased, but not until after one of the South American agents had been attracted by him, and the re-sale effected on the day prior to his departing for Liverpool. He is a square compact evenly fleshed bull, and especially thick through the heart. Preston Hall, has long been the home of shorthorns ; it was here that the Grand Duchesses came into the market in 1867, when the entire herd of Mr. E. L. BeUs was dispersed at an average for the sixty-two head of £180 each, at that time the highest on record. Mr. H. A. Brassey, the present owner of Preston Hall, had sixteen cows and heifers selected for him in 1870 from the Aylesby herd, and in the same year the Bracelets which had formerly acquired a reputation in Mr. J. Banks Stanhope's and Mr. S. E. Bolden's possession were bought on the advice of the latter breeder. Cherry Grand Duke 3rd 28L74, and Second Duke of Tregunter 26022, were used both to the Bates and Booth Three years later, the Booth portion came into the market and as might be expected, the average made by the animals which had been bred at Aylesby, was almost double that of those bred at Preston Hall. Purchases have been since made from many of the finest Bates herds in the kingdom, while Grand Duke 24th 34064, and Duke of Oxford 44th 39774, were bought from Sholebroke, and Holker, respectively. At present we find in service the lengthy handsome Duke of Rosedale 12th 40268, the produce of those two famous animals, Duke of Connaught 33604, and Lord Braybrooke's Thorndale Rose 2nd. In the boxes are Bracelet 54th, and Bracelet 55th, two yearlings by the Rosedale bull, in training for the Bath and West Meeting, where the family have been previously successfully exhibited, as well as at the Royal and local shows. Waterloo Bienvenue 3rd, got by the Wateringbury Rowfant Duke of Glo'ster 2nd, from the three hundred and five guinea heifer at Sholebrooke, is in companionship with, the pretty white Bracelet 57th. After seeing 176 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. Duke of Rosedale 12th led forth, we wander across the park until we come to the group of cows and heifers standing under the trees for shade ; it is only two years ago since a draft of thirty con- siderably reduced their ranks, and they have not as yet had time to replace them. The Bracelets are the most numerous, and the Forty-third, very lengthy, of a beautiful dark red, is one of the best looking; and the Thirty-first, a capital milker, was th? result of sending the Twenty-fourth to visit the Duke of Manchester's Duke of Underley 3rd 38196. The Wild Eyes are of the Lady Worcester, and Lady Bright Eyes varieties, both obtained at Dunmore. Lady Worcester 22nd, is the only female left of her branch, all the rest having been disposed of two yeais ago; Lady Bright Eyes 5th, a red and little white, inheriting the Royal Butterfly 3rd cross, is exceedingly handsome, and vies with Waterloo Bienvenue, a very graceful daughter of Duke of Connaught, well covered over her crops, with excellent ribs, lengthy hind quarters, and a soft velvet like touch, in competing for the honours of the park. Lady Oxford 9th, a square deep framed daughter of Mr. D. Macintosh's 2660 guinea Baroness Oxford 5th, was sent to Preston Hall as one of the Havering Park contingent, and remained with 410gs. on her head, and it is sorrowful to add that so good a heifer utterly declines to breed. Wateringbury, has long been a household word amongst Bates breeders, and it is a quarter of a century since the late Mr. Frederick Leney began breeding in the famous cherry orchards around his residence at Orpines, a few minutes' walk from the station at Wateringbury. The two Choruses, and Twin Duchesses, daughters of Sir Charles Knightley's Charming, were the first important female purchases, and the fame of the Charmers has been great ever since ; at the present day, when they are but represented at their old home by two sisters, and one of their heifers, it is to their descendants in the hands of Mr. H. J. Sheldon, that many of his Dukes of Charm in gland, so popular at the Bingley Hall sales, are descended. Lord Oxford 2nd 20215, imported from America, and one of the four illustrious brothers, was long used by Mr. Leney, SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 177 and since, nothing but Duke sires have reigned at Wateringbury ; viz., Grand Duke 15th 21852, Grand Duke of Kent 26289 (a son of Grand Duchess 9th bought at Preston Hall), Eighth Duke of Geneva 28390 (the highest priced bull ever sold when purchased at Winterfuld in 1872), Sixth Duke of Oneida 30997 (bred by Messrs. Walcott and Campbell, out of Lord Bective's Tenth Duchess of Geneva), Sixth Duke of Glo'ster 39734, and Rowfant Duke of Glo'ster 2nd 48610. It was in 1867 that Mr. Leney began to add animals of Kiiklevington blood to his herd; Grand Duchess 9th came from the sale at Preston Hall, but only bred two lulls ; and in November, when Mr. J. O. Sheldon's nine animals from Geneva were sold by Mr. Strafford in the Windsor coffee-room, Mr. Leney claimed a third of the number, including the Duchess heifer at 700gs., considered at the time a high price, but her buyer had the satisfaction of selling two of her granddaughters for two thousand each, one at his sale of 1874, when the average of .£221 was obtained for forty-one lots, the highest of any of the Wateringbury sales, and the other by private treaty, but both found one purchaser in Mr. R. Loder. Although when Grand Duchess of Geneva 7th was sold two years ago for llOOgs. to Dr. Frias, of Buenos Ay res, the last of the Windsor heifer's descendants departed, yet at the Hindlip sale an Airdrie Duchess young cow of nice character was obtained in Duchess of Hindlip 4th. In another division of the barn occupied by the Duchess is the heavy fleshed Grand Duchess of Oxford 33id, bought at Underley last autumn. Passing on to the orchard, Rowfant Duke of Glo'ster 2nd, the lengthy masculine red son of Marquis of Oxford 2nd 37055, and Duchess of Glo'ster, is led forth from his quarters. In the apple orchard are seen two Surmise and Charmer heifers, before reaching a further one where the older cows are found. Tacita 4th, a grand old cow, sixteen years old in Decamber, still keeps her frame well together ; Lady Rose, bred at Gaddesby, appears likely to keep up the reputation of the Prin- cesses for their dairy properties, as will Countess 5th, a daughter of Chorus, that of the Knightleys. Beaming Eyes 5th, from Castle 178 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. Hill, has had nothing but bulls, and Waterloo 47th, which came from TJnderlej with the Oxford, has also had a bull calf since her arrival. Some good daughters of Rowfant Duke of Glo'ster 2nd, are next seen ; Acomb 5th, a very grand heifer, is the only one of the tribe, and likewise is Florence 4th, the only Rosy. Lady Furbelow 6th, a pretty light roan, and Lady Knightley 7th, a red and little white, are again the solitary specimens of the Furbelows, and Cold Creams. Before passing onwards to an orchard at some little distance, we must not omit Wild Duchess llth, and Wild Duchess 12th, own sisters, from Wild Duchess 6th, the younger of the two in addition to having the great substance of the older, is if anything more taking in her appearance, but the queen of the herd is not seen until their dam is reached, a grand massive square cow. For company she has Countess 7th, two years the junior of her own sister, the Fifth, already mentioned. In the pasture adjoining is Surprise 9th, a daughter of old Tacita 4th, and her cow calf. At Hadlow Place, Mr. Edward Leney founded his herd by the purchase of three females at the fourth biennial sale at Brailes held in 1871 ; from Antoinette, and Lady Elizabeth, descend the bulk of his carefully bred herd. Mr. E. Leney like his brother at Barming had the use of the Wateringbury sires ; and in his pedigrees are found many of their well known names. Barrington Grand Duke 52500, from the favourite old Princess of Barrington, bought as a calf at North Fri^h, has been in service, and recently sold to Mr. E. Ellis, consequently no new male is yet in residence. The Acombs at Hadlow are especially well bred, as Antoinette, was by Fourth Duke of Thorndale 17750, from America, and thus her sire Marmaduke 14897, himself a Gwynne by the 650 guinea Duke of Glo'ster, is the only dash of the unorthodox Bates that is to be found in their pedigree : beyond they are very finely crossed, and we prophecy that in the near future they will be more thought of by breeders than in the present day, and resorted to for sires. Amy, a fine old granddaughter of Antoinette, heads the tribe. Alexandra, by Duke of Glo'ster 6th, is a fine fronted cow, but a little more flesh on her thighs would not be amiss ; while her half SHOKTHOKX HERDS OF EN(ILAM). 1 7'-) sister, Apology, is a good dark red ; but the gem of the family is Amelia, out of Antoinette 2nd, a lovely heifer, and one of the best the owner possesses. Of Agatha, and Agnes, own sisters, from Amy, by an Oxford bull of Sir H. Allsopp's, we prefer the former. Passing on to the Foggathorpes, we have five wealthy fleshed cows as a preliminary to the heifers which are very good. Lady Fogga- thorpe 2nd, Lady Foggathorpe 3rd, and Lady Foggathorpe 4th, are all own sisters by the Sixth Duke of Oneida, out of Miss Fogga- thorpe, by Grand Duke of Kent, a daughter of the original purchase, but of the five, Miss Foggathorpe 3rd, also a daughter of Sixth Duke of Oneida, is the best individual animal, and an excellent breeder, her two-year-old daughter, Foggathorpe Duchess, by a Water- ingbury bred Wild Eyes, being particularly good, and not less can be said of her pretty yearling by Knight of Oxford 5th. Two more massive heifers are Lady Foggathorpe 5th, and Miss Fogga- thorpe 5th, while Lady Foggathorpe Gth is very compact ; heie as at The Oaklands, and Yardley, the tribe is excellent. The Knightleys are represented by Rosys, Sweethearts, and Charmers. Duchess of Fawsley, came from Whittlebury, although the family were foi merly famous at Wateringbury like the Charmers; Duchess of Rothesay, by Duke of Airdrie 27th 41351, is not admired so much as one of the same sire's get trom Geneva's Rose of Sharon, which has a deep chested thick heifer by a Princess sire of Mr. Lloyd's ; and Cherry Sweetheart, with a splendid udder, is likely for keeping up the reputation of the Knightleys. Sultana 13th, very straight on her top, is of a family which formed a part of the Wateringbury herd in its earlier days, and of another local family, the Rubinas, there is a roan bull calf full of hair with excellent quality. Last but not least is Thorndale Rose 31st, bought as a calf at the Audley End sale, when it is mentioned she is from Mr. Mill's 405 guinea cow it is needless to add on her perfections. Little Barton, of late famous for several excellent steers exhibited at the leading fat stock shows, bred by Mr. C. Collard, lies about one mile distant from each of the two Stations in the cathedral town 180 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. of Canterbury. For twenty years Mr. Collard has bred shorthorns, and twice have large portions of the herd been dispersed ; and on the former occasion over forty pounds per head was realized. Bulls of Bates blood have been used, including Wild Duke 2nd 36002, bought as a calf from Messrs. Leney ; Cherry Duke of Glo'ster 36348, a son of that beautiful heifer, Cherry Queen, sold at the Underley sale of 1874, for l,200gs. ; Paul G-wynne 2nd 48420, bred at Harwoods, by Mr. Lloyd's Duke of Airchie 27th, and Sir Joseph Gwynne, of the same family, a short legged, goodly proportioned bull, has not long arrived from East Donyland. The Little Barton herd has seldom been exhibited out of its own county, but at the different local Xmas shows, it has taken a prominent position, rarely failing to carry off the prizes for shorthorns, and in 1884, when four were exhibited at the Canterbury, and Ashford shows, they were all awarded firsts, and the heifer, the champion cup at both places. Three animals purchased at various times for Her Majesty's herd at Windsor, were successfully exhibited, and Mr. Collard received the silver medals from Birmingham, and London, for having been their breeder. When walking amongst the eighteen dairy cows kept for helping to supply the cathedral city with milk, we find the grandest in a white, named Deedes, the dam of the heifer recently exhibited by Her Majesty, and close at hand is the twin sister to that illustrious animal. Mr. Brassey's Bracelets are represented by the Thirty-fifth ; Knightley Duchess, and Knightley Princess, two young cows, were obtained from that lover of Knightley blood in the county, Mr. James Cross ; Rosetta, a neat daughter of Kirklevington Lord 45003, came from East Donyland with Sir Joseph Gwynne, and Barton Lily, a large roomy cow, is from a purchase at one of the earlier of Mr. Green's sales. In May Mordaunt, sired by Bloomfield 33169, one of the Preston Hall Bracelets, and a grand-daughter of Lady Zetland, bought from the late Mr. C. F. Leney, we have one of the best cows in the herd, as she is a rare deep bodied animal, has produced eight calves, and carries her years lightly; but one of Mr. Collard's neatest cows, is Duchess of Oxford, and Lady Mary, a grand-daughter SHOIITHOKN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 181 of Mr. Leney's Lady Zetland, is the dam of a young bull by Paul Gwynne 2nd 48420, which has been used previous to the purchase of the Grwynne. Mr. G-. M. Tracy, has been a breeder for many years, his earliest sale having taken place in 1859, when he made an average of just over forty two pounds for animals chiefly of Knightley blood ; again forty four lots, nearly all of the same line of descent, tracing to Sweetheart 3rd, bought at the Milcote sale in 1861, more than doubled the average of fifty nine. Further Knightley purchases were made, in addition to animals obtained from the old established herd at Hartforth, and Mr. D. Neasham, of Gairiford Hall, near Darlington ; and the sale in 1878, which again cleared out the Knigbtleys,. with representatives of the Q-ainford, and Hartforth purchases, brought the satisfactory average of <£48 6s. 8d. Lastly, three years ago, the day previous to the Harewoods sale, saw the gathering together of a company at Eedlands, to witness the dis- persion of that portion of the herd tracing to Old Cherry, excepting an old cow, and the Hartforth Nannys. One tribe, known as the Maynards, tracing to Old Sally, by Young Rockingham 2547, a pedigree full of good blood, were retained at the last sale, and now number a dozen females, to which King of the Woods 48107, of the Old Cherry tribe, and his son, Standard Bearer 52202, from Countess Maynard, of this family, are in service at Edenbridge, where since the obtaining of the Cradock and Raine blood, sires chiefly of this line have been used ; occasionally for the purpose of fresh blood, a cow has been sent away for service, and the calf if a male retained. From Cherry Empress, a daughter of the Aylesby bred Cherry Prince 4th 25765, four females descend, and with the Maynards, are the only two families now at Redlands. Midway betwixt the fashionable seaside resort of Eastbourne, and Polegate, is to be found one of the choicest Booth herds in the kingdom, and it is few English breeders like Mr. E. Heineman who can claim the privilege of having families tracing direct from Warlaby, and since the purchase of Homebred, and Homespun, daughters of Royal Benedict 27348 ; and Homely, from t he latter, 182 SHORTHORN HERDS OJ? ENGLAND. bv Knight of St. Patrick 38520 ; the sires have generally been hired from the Exors. of Mr. T. C. Booth. Homely, a massive level cow of nice quality, is now the head of this family numbering eight females ; she has bred Homework, to Sir Wilfrid ; Homebody, and Honeydew, to Royal Baldersby ; as well as a good bull calf this season by King Magnus. Beyond Royal Benedict we have the well known names of King James, Lord Blithe, and Elfin King, and from what we see at Willingdon, there need be no fear in the fntute of the pedigree deteriorating in value so long as it is in Mr. Heineman's ownership. Homework, is unfortunately in a distant meadow, with the other heifers of this family, excepting the white Honoria, so we are reluctantly compelled to abstain from going to see them, though we are much tempted to do so by their description, if we are to carry out our original programme of visiting Stammerham, and Kowfant, the same day, calling en route at Kingston-by-the-Sea. The Lady Booths, also originated from the neighbourhood of Watlaby, whence they went to Lethenty, where, Lady Mary, a compact little cow was bred; passing through the Prinknash heid before coming into Sussex, where she has had for her first calf, Lady Emily, and this season, both mother, and daughter, have each brought a cow calf to Eoyal Baldersby. A great deal of interest naturally centres in the lengthy red and little white Maid of Warlaby, which name she derives fioin her birthplace, being born after the purchase of her dam by Mr. C. Morgan for the States. Taken out to Ameiica, she came back to this country, and was privately purchased by Mr. Heineinan, what more can be desired by the most fastidious critic than Eoyal Stuart, Royal Benedict, King James, British Crown, and Commander-in-Chief, in direct succession ? The very cream of the Warlaby sires of recent years. Another of Royal Stuart's daughters is Bright Ruby, a very sweet aich ribbed cow, bought as a calf at Hopton Hall for over three hundred guineas. Her grandam, Bright Lady, was like Maid of Warlaby, exported and re-imported again to this country. Another branch of the Annas is Anna Regia, a light roan handsome cow of SHORTUOJIX HERDS OF ENGLAND. 183 great scale, sired by Royal Sceptre 43967, and a granddaughter of Anna 9th, bought at the dispersion of the late Mr. Pickersgill's herd. Each have had a bull calf, the older, Eoyal Favour will probably be used at home, and the other, an excellent youngster, belonging to the strictly Anna cow, runs with her dam in the. pastures. Generous, found her way from Killerby as a private purchase, and proved a most fortunate one, as four of her produce found buyers at an average of 175gs., and Mr. Heineman has one daughter left, Georgia Valentina, sired by Master of Arts 34-816. Another branch of the Georgies came from Prinknash, and Lady Geraldine 2nd's son, Royal Guard, is temporarily in service, pending the arrival of another sire from Warlaby, while the dam as a conse- quence is away from home for service, and her daughter, Lady Gwendoline, is with the Homespun heifers in the distant meadow. Still another cow is to be mentioned, and the only one not of Booth extraction ; this is Rowena, with four Warlaby crosses on Mr. Mr. Maynard's Red Neck pedigree. Roseleaf, the dam of Rowena, was purchased from Mr. W. Bolton, of The Island, in whose possession she won several prizes in County Wexford, certainly the daughter is a very handsome cow, and her son, by King Magnus 48012, is full of promise. Mr. Heineman has since added Hetty, and Heartsease, of the famous Hecuba triba, at the dispersion of the Killeiby heid. A pleasant drive along the coast from West Brighton brings us to Kingston-by-Sea, where Mr. Hugh Gorringe, has made his Southdo\,n flock, and prize steers, famous by their victories. Buccaneer 49204, bred at The Duffrvn, and the home bred Lord Ruby 51648, descended from the excellent stock of Mr. Harrison, of Leven Hall Garth, in Yorkshire, are first seen ; the latter a very promising young bull, is our favourite, although he does not possess a head so much to our liking as Buccaneer. The steers next to hand, include the white two-year-old, second at Islington last Christmas (beaten only by another of Mr. Gorringe's, afterwards sold for a high figure), he is duly admired, while out of five of a younger generation, aspiring to carry future honours to Kingston- 184 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. by-the-Sea, we fancy a very even red. Lord Alfred 46620, a son of Killerby Queen 5tb, purchased from, and bred by Mr. Hugh Aylmer, a bull of great length, with wonderful substance, has been in service the last three seasons In a small pasture near the home- stead, are eight shapely cows, including Mistress Mirth, a purchase at the "West Dereham sale ; her daughter, Mistress Myrtle, by Sir Benedict 42388 ; with their calves, one of each sex, as the most fashionable bred of the lot ; their descent through a number of fine Booth sires, being traceable to Hecate, bred at Killerby. Stella, a grand old cow, was seen in company with the heifers near the railway ; unfortunately Mr. Gorringe being on the continent, we are unable to obtain the names of her companions, or the matrons, with the exception of the Mistresses. For about a dozen years, Mr. F. Barchard, has at Hoisted, nearly midway between Brighton, and Tunbridge Wells, although only one mile from Isfield Station, bred shorthorns of the Bates, and Knightley strains, as well as a small herd of pure bred Black Polled Aberdeen Angus from the herds of the Earl of Airlie, Sir G. Macpheison Grant, Bart, and Mr. McCombie. With the exception of two or three animals, the shorthorn herd was dispersed in July 1885, and especially admired were the Fidget, and Lady Worcester, families. Coral Charm, offered at the sale subject to a reserve, is the dam of three heifers now at Horsted, named Coral Charms, Fourth, Eighth, and Ninth ; the first named by the unfortunate Viscount Oxford 3rd 44208, burnt when the farm buildings were destroyed in 1884, along with his colleague, Lord Winsome of Sussex 2nd 46721. When the Bath and West last held their meeting at Brighton, Coral Charm, was placed second to Lady Georgina Newcomb ; the latter failing to fulfill the conditions, she is naturally to be now looked upon as the winner. The Cambridge Eoses, have like the Charmers, done well in the county, but the Hose of Sharon branch were all sold at the sale, excepting Eed Eose of Sussex, a daughter of Eed Bose of Glengarry, purchased at Dunmore. Heydon Eose llth, by Duke of Connaught 33604, and the highest priced of the Heydon Roses at the dispersion of the Audley End herd, has since given birth to Horsted Eose. SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 185 Warnham Court, the residence of Mr. C. T. Lucas, is about the same distance from Horsham, as Stammerham, and here we find a herd of Bates bred cattle bred chiefly from the stocks of Messrs. Blundell, Botterill. Cope, and Lloyd. Viscount Oxford 8th 50609, a son of Lord Fitzhardinge's Duke of Leicester 3rd 46256, and Viscountess Oxford 3rd, bought as a calf at the Castle Hill sale, has developed into a masculine like bull, with a good broad chest, capital loin, rib, and thighs, but hardly so well covered over his crops as might be desirable. In the first pasture is Elvira llth, bred in Cumberland, a good cow, excepting a somewhat plain head, and her daughter, Duchess Elvira, a nice straight heifer, by Duke of Airdrie 27th 41351 ; Lady Secresy, and Lady Silence, own sisters, by Duke of Oxford 32nd 36527, from Silence, were bought at the dispersion of the AVoodside herd, and are a pair of prepossessing young animals of precisely the same character, which should breed some good stock for their owner. Strawberry Countess, tracing to the old Hartforth blood, and in addition to a somewhat gaudy red and white calf running by her side, has another daughter, Strawberry Queen, in the same pasture, suckling a thick well made youngster, by the Oxford bull. Rosy Countess 3rd, hailing from Harewoods, like Strawberry Countess, has Duke of Airdrie 27th 41351, for sire, and on the dam's side is of the Knightley "Walnut tribe. The last to be noticed is Lady Fortunate 5th, a grand old cow, bought at Wauldby. Passing on to the farm at Warnham Place we have a stylish heifer in Skittish, bred in Ireland, by Mr. Cope, and of the Revelry tribe, once popular at Dunmore ; in her company are Vestris 125th, from Summersbury ; Lady Cowslip, out of Lady Fortunate 5th; and a pretty yearling daughter of the older of the two Surmise sisters. In a yard under cover are seen Millie, and her bull calf of the Sultana family, formally at Wateringbury. Clydesdales, find favour at Warnham Court, where Mr. Lucas' son, Mr. C. J. Lucas, has a select stud. Before returning to Horsham, we walk across to the Biomhall Farm, consisting of 240 acres, where a capital set of buildings, highly finished in every respect, have recently been erected by Mr. Lucas. 186 SHORTHOKN HERDS OF ENGLAND. Rowfant, famous in recent days for its herd of shorthorns, is now more so for the flock of Southdowns possessed by Mr. H. Perry Keene, but the nucleus of a herd has already been got together, and as might be expected Mr. Perry Keene has secured one or two of the old Rowfant herd. The Surmises were in the late Sir Curtis Lampson's hands for many years, although Surmise Duchess 26th, and har daughter, by Grand Duke 37th 43307, now at Rowfant, are descended from Lady Surmise, by Duke of Hillhurst 28401, bought from Col. Kingscote at a more recent date. Colleen Celia 5th, sired by one of Mr. Larking's Euschia bulls, traces to Mr. Jonas Webb's stock of Babraham, and the sire selected by Mr. Perry Keene was Rowfant Duke of Oxford 4th 47011, a robust looking son of Duke of Cornwall 2nd 43082, and Grand Duchess of Oxford llth, previously used in the late Rowfant herd to assist Grand Duke 37th. Vestris 81st, and Vestris 07th, purchased at Summersbury, descend from Vestris, bought by Mr. T. J. Drake, at Capt. Dilke's sale in 1 853, from which we re bred a herd of fifty two animals sold in December 1883, at an average of twenty nine pounds. When Mr. Hales dispersed his old established Noith Frith herd, Lady Bates Gwynne, a good thick specimen of the Cumberland " Pollies " came into this county, and has since bred a bull calf. Beaching Horsham, our first visit is to the Stammerham estate, about 1,000 acres in extent, recently purchased by the Aylesbury Dairy Company Limited, two miles distant from the town ; passing through the newly erected lodge gates, we find carts, horses, and men, even the managing director himself with spade in hand, all busy helping to give the finishing touches to the improvements, now nearly complete, in making the residence of Mr. G. M. Allender very attractive. The Company is already well known to the public for its prosperous career in London, where it supplies the inhabitants with all kinds of farm produce of the best description under the management of Mr. Allender. About two years ago the managing director considered that by acquiring a suitable estate within a reasonable distance of London, the operations of the Company might be considerably enlarged and accordingly the SUOKTIIORN HKJIDS OF ENGLAND. 187 estate at Stamineihain be^ng in the market was purchased. It is Mr. Allender's intention, not as might be supposed to make this entirely a source of milk supply for the London depot, but to utilise the greater portion of it in rearing pure bred stock of every description ; aheady six breeds of cattle have been collected together, in addition to the sheep, horses, pigs, and numerous sorts of poultry. The home buildings, as those may be called situate behind Mr. Allender's residence, have been completely remodelled, and rebuilt, and in the course of a year or two it is intended to do this with all the buildings. Every advantage is taken of the largeness of the undei taking, and contracts are naturally entered into for the various supplies with many advantages over those of the ordinary tenant farmer. A timekeeper, and clerk, are necessities with so much on hand ; at present a clerk of works is superintending the building operations, and the many alterations to fences, and new drinking ponds. At the Home buildings, the seven stud bulls are kept in excellent substantial boxes, with a good sized yard for every three, so that the occupants can be let out in turn for additional exercise, dumber one is a Swiss bull purchased from Professor Long. Linley, a two year old son of Beecher, and Dolly, does duty for the Montgomeryshire females. Zulu, and Gilderoy, the former out of Lilian, a cow that gave 679 gallons of milk in 30 weeks ; and the latter a son of Dairy Pride 4th, is a large animal of his breed, with gie.it substance. The Kerries, have a sire of each of their two colours ; and the shorthorns, have Sir Kainald 52171. a straight level bull, bred by the Exors. of Mr. E. Pease, and a great grand- son of the Eev. J. Storer's Fawsley Violet, of the Knightley Quickly tribe. A covered shed, one hundred and twenty feet long, and sixty in width, with its glass roof, can be seen for miles. In the numerous divisions, we find several of the recent shorthorn purchases, not many sales have supplied them, and the herds at Dingley Griange, North Frith, and Stoney Lane, were those resorted to. Dingley Blanche, and Dolly Vaiden, are together, the latter being extremely pretty and the former of the Vestris tribe, which passed through the Townley heid in its palmy days. Next we have a 188 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. heifer descended from Moss Eose, by Favourite 252, bred by Mr. T. Harris, and one of the half dozen bought at his sale. A red and white calf, sired by Sir Curtis Lampson's Duke of Huntsland 4th 47769, came with the mother, Mary 20th, a family formerly bred in Westmoreland, from the dispersion of Mr. Hales' herd ; opposite to her are a charming group of red polled heifers. Then commences a pleasant drive round the estate with the managing director, when the afternoon being lovely, a most enjoy- able, but somewhat too brief time is spent, for the numerous interesting things to be seen. The meadows, not of great extent, are snugly placed in valleys, between delightful woodlands, and here cattle can most assuredly take no harm however cold the wintry blasts may blow. Here, there, and everywhere, it may be almost said, are new houses placed on the estate, and yet kept in this way the damage done by them is little, and the system might be copied with advantage by many farmers. Numerous fancy breeds are kept, eggs of course being sold for setting, and quantities of chickens reared. From the poultry, we turn to the farming gene- rally, which by the reduction of the number of fences and straight- ening of those left, advantage can now be taken of steam cultivation. Near one large field, a storage warehouse and siding has been arranged for by the Company, and is of gr^at facility for the carriage of manure &c. ; this field is to be devoted entirely to the growing of crops for the London markets, and will be kept supplied by manure brought from thence. Coming to the dairy cows, the shorthorn reigns supreme, and there are many large framed fine cows with excellent udders to be seen in company with the Red Polls ; unfortunately Mr. Webb who has charge of the cattle, is not at hand with his herd book, so we have to be content with considering, to which of the best and more useful looking, we could attach the names of the Surmise, Honey, and G wynne cows, bought at North Frith. The smoky faced Mont- goineryshires, are seen in company with the Swiss cows, near to a third set of buildings, where they are lodged; the Welsh cattle, were many years bred by Mr. Pugh. Mr. Alleuder's especial pets, SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 189 are the Jerseys, originally bred by him before being parted with to the Company, and which have been very successful in the showy ard. On returning homewards, are seen the pretty Kernes, browsing on the hill sides, on the higher lying portion of the estate. As to the hitherto unmentioned pigs, the Tamworths, are highly thought of by Mr. Allender, and considered quite the coming breed. CHAPTEE VIII. The Surrey Herds. — Summersbury Hall. — Harewoods. — Xorbury Park. — Buckinghamshire Herds. — Terrick. — Walton Grange. — Tile House. — Warwickshire Herds. — Canley. — Berkswell Hall. — Whoberley Hall. — The Hollies. — Ashorne Hill. — Alveston Pasture. — Stoney Thorpe. — Brailes House. — Weston Park. — Studley Castle. — Fox Hollies Hall— The Oaklands.—Yardley. Surrey is proverbially a charming residental county, and Summersbury Hall, Mr. Edwin Ellis' country seat, is delightfully situate amidst the sylvan scenery of the Surrey Hills, three miles from the old coaching town of G-uildford. Shorthorns, were only introduced to Summersbury at the sale of the first portion of Mr. E. C. Tisdall's herd in 1882 ; shortly afterwards, a number of other purchases, chiefly good animals, without any pretensions to high breeding were made. In May of last year, Mr. Ellis adopted the extremely wise plan of effecting a general clearance of all his miscellaneous pedigrees, only one being uncatalogued. He has now gathered together a thoroughly good Bates herd in an incredible short space of time, and it requires but the use of high class bulls to make the Summersbury herd, and its enterprising owner, as well known to shorthorn breeders, as he has already made the South- 190 SHoiiTHony HERDS OF ENGLAND. down sheep to flockmasters. Certainly Mr. Ellis deserves every praise for the unsparing hand with which he pruned his herd twelve months ago, and may he reap the benefit of it in years to come. On walking over the 400 acres farmed by Mr. Ellis, it is shown no man knows better the value of having everything of:' the best in each department than Mr. Ellis. We find the Fidget, and Craggs tribes the strongest in point of numbers, but 'tis the former which enjoy most favour, as this is the only herd where pure English bred Fidgets are to be found, they are deserving of more than ordinary mention : like the Craggs, and Kirklevingtons, they were formerly bred by the Messrs. Bell, and crossed with Mr. Bates'bulls, when the brothers left the neighbourhood of Kirklevington, we find Eidget's daughter, Faith, by 4th Duke of Northumberland, goes to Mosbro' Hall with Mr. Robert, and Mr. Thomas, takes Eidget 2nd, by the famous .Duke of Northumberland, both bred to 4th Duke of York, and Erantic, and Fidget 4th, were the result ; from these two animals, almost own sisters in blood, Mr. Ellis has eleven female descendants. Erantic, went to the States, and her daughter, Frantic 4th, by Duke of Oxford 33703, had two heifers, Fidelitys, Second, and Third, by Millbrooke 34851, a son of Sixth Duke of Thorndale, and Lady Susan, a grand-daughter of Red Rose 2nd, bred by Mr. Stephenson, of Wolviston, of his favourite Princess tribe ; both sisters were imported into this country by Mr. R. Gribson in 1873, and found eventually their way into Mr. Botterill's possession, but it is only from the elder there are living descendants. At Mr. Botterill's sale the} were purchased by Mr. W. Ashburrer, from whom Mr. Ellis obtained them. Lady Fidget Bates 3rd, by Col. Townley's Oxford le Grand, out of the imported cow, is the dam of four daughters in the herd, between herself and the second one, a wonderful family likeness exists, even as to colour, they aie two cows of excellent style, and character, the daughter being a shade neater, but her elder own sister, Lady Fidget Bates 5th, by 4th Fordham Duke of Oxford, is a very neatly made gay looking young cow, in her prime of life, of a most attractive light roan, evidently she has taken at the sire, and the younger more at the dam ; it is SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 191 curious to note so wide a contrast. Fidget 8th, the third daughter, by Baron Oxford 10th 42839, is a well developed heifer, and the youngest of the four, Fidget 9th, a red, by Kirklevington Beau 51484, is full of style. As to the second branch, Fidget 4th, passed from Mr. Bell's hands eventually into Capt. Blathwayt's, who sending her to Seventh Duke of York, bred the Sixth, and she only had one heifer, the Seventh, by the American Third Lord Oxford, which at her breeder's sale in 1871 sold for 210gs. to Mr. F. Leney, who after breeding them for several years, sold Sixth Duchess of York, at one of the Wateringbury sales, to Mr. Barchard, and when the latter breeder dispersed his herd last summer, Mr. Ellis took the opportunity of securing the whole family of the English bred Fidgets, including Sixth Duchese of York, her three daughters, and two grand-daughters, the old cow is still looking blooming and is what we may term a grand specimen of a Bates shorthorn, having immense substance, and undeniable constitution; the oldest daughter, Hoisted Duchess of York, is rather the reverse to her dam as she is somewhat small, but a heavy milker, and good breeder. Horsted Duchess of York 2nd, resembles the old cow in every respect, and is the mother of the Fifth, the youngest of the Horsfced purchases ; it was a stiff contest between England and Canada, but the mother country once more asserted her supremacy, and we may congratulate Mr. Ellis on doing a good stroke of business in being content with nothing less than the whole of the family, as such purity of blood will be sought after another day. The Craggs, seven in number, include Carolina 9th, by Col. Kingscote's Lord Red Eyes 4th 26730, from Carolina 6th, a large framed handsome cow, one of the finest in the herd, with a wonder- ful back and loin, and a great amount of substance ; it is difficult to find a cow of her immense size so well proportioned. Duchess Craggs 5th, from \V hittlebury, has bred a beautiful roan heifer to Winsome Duke, one of the most promising of the yearlings, which include a roan from Carolina 9th. Duchess Wetherby Craggs, at present newly calved, is the deepest milker in the herd, two years ago she was purchased on account of her promising show for milk at the Uffington sale, along with her cow calf, by Second Duke of Hindlip 46426, 192 SHORTHORN HKRD3 OF ENGLAND. The Cherry Duchesses, came from Lathoni, and Sholebroke, and at the latter sale, Mr. Ellis undoubtedly got the choice in Cherry Grand Duchess 13th, a very handsome roan. Cherry Duchess 28th, a compact little cow, has both daughter, and grand-daughter, in the herd, and a bull calf by Mr. Lloyd's Grand Duke 41st. The Waterloos, from Givendale originally, have Lady Waterloo 26th, a thirteen years old short legged, heavy fleshed animal at their head ; they appear in a fair way for multiplying, as both the mother, and oldest daughter, have cow calves to Winsome Duke, the younger cow by a Waterloo bull, has much the same character as the dam. Kirklevington Queen, from Hindlip, is a lengthy young cow, but not to be compared with the recent purchase, Kirklevington Duchess 19th, by 2nd Duke of Gloucester 28392, out of Kirk- levington 14th, and no greater compliment can be paid her than to say she is as handsome as she is well bred. Prom Sir H. Allsopp's came also Duchess of Hindlip 2nd, and Oxford 26th, the fo: iner probably in virtue of her rank, has a separate compartment allotted her in an old barn, divided for the occupation of the younger heifers ; she is a dark red very lengthy heifer, by Duke of Cornwall 4th, from Duchess of Hindlip 3rd. Oxford 26th, a grand-daughter of Grand Duchess of Oxford 18th (the first Oxford that passed the coveted four figures at any of the great Holker sales), is very level, and with age will develop into a still finer cow. Upon Wild Erin Duke of Connaught has improved his great merit as a sire, and in addition she has verified the old adage of u like producing like " by breeding one of the best heifers to Duke of Ormskirk 3rd 46260, which with Duchess Craggs 7th, shares the honours of the old barn. Wild Eyes J, a lengthy red and \vhite, tracing to Mr. C. W. Harvey's Wild Eyes 22nd, has much improved in appearance during the past year, and a very useful roan bull owns her for dam. Winsome Duke 48968, a dark roan, by Mr. Lloyd's Grand Duke 41st 46438, from Winsome Countess, a thick massive, short legged bull, has been at the head of the herd since his purchase at the Harewoods sale for ISO gs., under the twelve months ; but a colleague is shortly to arrive in the shape of Barrington Grand Duke 52500, bred at SHORTHORN HKKDS OF ENGLAND. !!).'> Xoith Firth, the offspring of Mr. Hales' fine old cow Princess of Barrington, and Grand Duke 37th 43307. Fait- Gwynne, with her daughter, Furry G\vynne, are a choicely bred pair of Biddenham Gr wynues ; and another very old established family is represented by Dahlia Daisy, a handsome young cow of the Fairy branch of the Old Daisy tribe, afterwards seen at Harewoods, where she had been sent to Seventh Duke of Gloucester. The iSouthdowns have been selected from the noted flocks of Loid Walsingham, Mr. Henry Webb, and Mr. Botting, to which have been used rams from the flocks of Lord Walsingham, Mr. C.iie\v Gibson, and Mr. J. J. Colman. A range of shedding has been fitted up for the show sheep, and considering that every pen of sheep which were exhibited by Mr. Ellis last year, personally, or by purchasers from his flock, received either a pi i/,e. or a commen- dation from the judges; it is not unreasonable that the owner should have great hopes of success for the future, and it is his intention to hold annual ram sales, commencing in August next. We found the ewe flock 400 strong, wTith a lot of very promising lambs, and at the farm where the ewes are kept, are also fed in rotation the bullocks which by liberal and judicious feeding are turned out at from 15 to 18 months old as the choicest of young beef at the Guildford Markets, making from £20 to <£24 per head, and being eagerly sought after by the butchers on account of their excellent quality. Redhill Junction, is five miles distant from Harewoods, where, nine years ago. Mr. A. H. Lloyd laid the foundation of what is now one of the most fashionable bred herds of the present day by going to his neighbour Mr. Gr. M. Tracy's sale, and purchasing five cows and heifers of good old blood ; but September of the same season witnessed Mr. Lloyd, a keen competitor for fashion's favourite tribes, and the close of the Stone Cross sale found him the pos- sessor of an Oxford heifer calf, two Kirklevingtons, a^d Duke of Airdrie 27th 41351. Pu; chases weie made fiom time to time, until on the last day of May, three years ago, a large portion of 194 sHoirnioRX HERDS OF ENGLAND. the herd numbering fifty head were sold at an average of fifty and sixty pounds ; and females representing six leading tribes were retained. By the addition of two Grand Duchesses from Sholebroke, a seventh tribe has been added, and Grand Duchess 40th, a charming red and little white daughter of Duke of Underlay 3rd 33103, has a son, and daughter, the former, a dark red, is now five months old, and the latter, a pretty light roan by Duke of Con- naughfc 3-3604, is a sweet heifer, and no doubt highly prized by her owner, as being the first Duchess of Surrey. The Oxfords, are but mother, and daughter. Queen of Oxford 2nd, of medium size, and good at the pail, is half sister to the highest priced heifer at the Harewoods sale, being by Duke of Cornwall 2nd 43082, from the calt bought at Stone Cross in 1878. She is the darn, of the lengthy roan Q.ueen of Oxford 4th, in addition to Oxford King 51814, sold to Lord Braybrooke to use on his Thorndale Roses, and since become the property of Mr. T. A. Titley. Mr. Lloyd was one of the four breeders who secured a Thorn- dale Rose on the fiist occasion of their being offered to the public at Audley End. Thorndale Rose 14th, the youngest of the five, has now grown into a handsome dark roan animal, with no lack of constitution, but unfortunately she has onty bred bulls as hitherto. As if to make sure of retaining a better hold on this valuable tribe, Worcester Rose 2nd, was bought with her dam at the dispersion of the Hindlip herd. The Kirklevingtons have in Grand Duchess of Kirklevington (a granddaughter of Sir Curtis Lampson's Kirk- levington Duchess 5th), a fine old cow for their matron, worthy of her sire, Royal Lancaster 29870, a son of the 400 guinea Moss Rose. She is the dam of a promising young bull, and Kirklevington Countess 3rd, the name appropriated at Harewoods for the females, while the males are known as Kirklevington Counts. Kirklevington Countess, half sister to Grand Duchess of Kirklevington, being from Kirklevington Duchess 15th, exported to Kansas, and re- imported for sale at Stone Cross, is the dam of Kirklevington Countess 4th, a yearling, ty Grand Duke 37th, hardly so good as might be expected from the repute of the sire ; and a white calf of SHOUTHOHN HERDS OF ENGLAND. J- 195 January last. Certainly, the Kirklevingtons, at Hare woods, are of a favourite branch : and so are the Winsomes, which are known as Winsome Countesses, except Wisdom 3rd, one cf the original purchases, bought at Berkeley, and naturally sired by Duke of Connaught, in addition to being good looking in herself, she is the dam of Winsome Countess 3rd, newly calved ; Winsome Countess 5th, the grandest heifer in the herd ; and Winsome Countess 6th, by Grand Duke 41st. Winsome Countess, a massive short legged cow, is by Duke of Airdiie 27th, from Winsome 12th, an extremely handsome cow bought at Papillon Hall for 810gs., but bred at Holker. As in Kirklevingtons, and Winsomes, Mr. Lloyd has obtained as highly bred Waterloos as can be had in England at ths present day, Originally, Duchess of Waterloo 2nd, was bought for 490gs. at Mr. Sartoris' sale. Her daughter, Countess of Waterloo, a fine old cow, is the dam of the Second, Third, and Foiuth, all by the Airdrie bull, and now in Mr. Lloyd's possession, with the Third as best of the trio. The Princesses, are the most line bred of the English and American branches, Princess of Airdrie, being the last calf of Primula, when in her sixteenth year, and the dam of a heifer of nice character, by Grand Duke 41st. Princess of Airdrie 2nd, and Princess of Airdiie 4th, are own sisters, from TJnderley Princess, descended from Princess 2nd, sold at Killhow in 1868 for 300gs. The dark red Duke of Gloucester 7th 39735, in his twelfth year, is as fertile and active as ever, and still retains that straight outline which he possessed when at Hindiip and Holker ; as a sire his heifers are generally considered superior to the males, the latter being somewhat deficient in masculine character. Duke of Aiidiie 27th 36460, is what we may term a bull all over, he stands near the giound, and is the sire of many a good youngster of both sexes. In breeding he is half brother to Mr. Fox's Twenty-fourth Duke of Aiidiie, being by Fouiteenth Duke of Thorndale 28459 from Ninth Duchess of Airdrie. 196 SHORTHORN" HERDS OF KXULAXTX Norbury Park, familiar to admirers of Surrey sconeiy, lies midway between Dorking, and Leatherhead, and is the seat of Mr. Grissell, who is the possessor of a number of beautiful Darlington*, bred from Darlington Duchess 8th, purchased at the dispersion of the late Mr. J. J. Stone's herd, and July Darlington, and her two daughters, at that of Mr. F. Dodd's in 1883. July Darlington, by Mr. R. P. Davies' Grand Prince of Claro 28781, is six years the senior of Darlington Duchess 8th, and has been in milk 14 to 15 months : of December Darlington, and December Darlington 2nd, her two daughters, born at Bush Court, both by Mr. Thompson's Lord Darlington 14th 40149, of another branch of the family, the older is perhaps the prettier cow, as the younger might be more perfect in her hind quaiters. All the females bred at Norbury Park are named Darlington Empresses, and the Twelfth has already been reached. Darlington Duchess 8th, and her first born, Darlington Empress, aie much alike in character, and a pair of wealthy fleshed animals. Amongst the younger members, are some smart attractive heifers, by Grand Duke of Airdrie, and Winsome Count, likely for developing into as good looking matrons as are seen to-day. Flippant Gwynne, from Killhow, has a grandly filled udder, and is the dam of a nice heifer by Grand Duke of Airdrie, named Fickle Gwynne, in turn the mother of a red and white cow calf, by Knight of Norbury. Marigold, in addition to carrying a lot of good flesh on her squarely made frame, is an excellent milker. A good looking Ursula youngster, by Count Waterloo, has a pedigree very highly topped with Bares blood. Wetherby's Kirklevington Duchess, by the 2,000 guinea Fifth Duke of Wetherby 31033, out of the imported Duchess of Kirklevington 3rd, has had nothing but males in Mr. Grissell's possession, having had Knight of Norburv, when sent to Sir Curtis Lampson's Grand Duke 37th 43307. now in service, along with Lord Winsome Hudson, and Knight of Norbury 2nd, by the Winsome bull from Hare woods. The recent purchase from Mr. T. Hands, of Canley, was selected on account of the great milking properties of his dam, Miss Hilda, a Bell Bates cow. from Lady Hilda, bred by Mr. A. Dugdale. Previous to SUOJtTllOJIN HKJIDS OF KN(iLAM). ll>7 Knight of No i- bury, Winsome Count 47295, bred at ilarewoods, and Count AVuterloo 4281)3, bred at Hindlip, two highly bred bulls of the Winsome, and Waterloo, tribes, had been used by Mr. Giissell, at Norbury Patk, where pure bred shot thorns have been bied dining the past forty yeais for dairy purposes, and all animals not excelling as milkers, have been systematically discarded. Tenick, four miles fiom Aylesbury, has become known to fi-equeuteia of the various shows, dining the last three years, by the exhibits sent forth by the Hon. L. Ponsonby, and ii?. his first season he gained an impiecedented success at the London Dairy Show, \\he.e at the October Show of 1884, he was a\\ aided the first prizes in classes of 14, and 20, entiies, for the best cow, and heifer, eligible for th ; Heid book, with Leila 2nd, and Magic, the former also winning the Lord Mayor's Champion Cup, for the best shorthorn cow or heifer, either eligible or otherwise. Many honours have since been won, and several promising young animals are in training for the coming season, one of the prettiest, and most even, being Jennv's Bawbee, a daughter of Mr. Game's Prince JFoggathorpe 4th 51886, and Jenny 4th, a family of which Mr. Ponsonby has several good animals, and the dam of this young heifer has the additional qualification of a well filled udder. Jenny 7th, and Terrick Beauty, are half sisters, out of Jenny 5th, the latter is one of Prince Foggathorpe 4th's get, and the former of Col. Kingscote's Lotd Calcot 7th 49880. Walnut 2nd, a beautiful bred Knight ley, is out of Recluse, born at Audley End. Magic, the winner in the heifer class at the Dairy Show, although a nice young cow, will never grow into the equal of Leila 2nd, a handsome roan, with every appearance of doing her duty at the pail ; her four top crosses are a combination of Bates and Booth, beginning with Mr. Sheldon's Duke of Darlington 3rd, and ending with Mr. Booth's Vanguard, the intervening ones being the celebrated Duke of Geneva, and Marmaduke, used by Lord Penryhn, at Wicken. Duchess Sarah 13th, came with her own sister, the Eighteenth, seen in the yard, from Althorp, and are of Mason foundation, while Sabrina 12th, like the Duchess Sarahs, has a Grand Duke tor sire, and on the dam's side is of the old Seraph iria tribe. U)8 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. In the buildings, the great attraction besides Jenny's Bawbee is Prince Arthur 51869, exhibited at Bingley Hall, when he stood second to Kinsman's Butterfly, and was bought by Mr. Ponsonby, he has it' anything improved since then, and is a very level compact animal, covered with abundance of hair, and of excellent quality. He is from the same cow as Prince of Nunwick, and Prince Oxford, well known in Cumberland, and Westmoreland showyards. Rose water, a Knightley Furbelow heifer, was bought privately from Lord Moreton after winning in her class at Cirencester last year; unfo tunately her hindquarters have not improved, and now detract greatly from her numerous good qualities, which will prevent her competing successfully in the future, which is very grievous, as her foiequarters are most excellent. Another of the tribe is Lady Oxfoid Rose, bred at Kettering, a very useful heifer, without being exactly suitable for exhibition purposes. Both the Dairy Show prize animals of 1884 have had heifer calves, this season, white, and roan, respectively, if they turn out so fortunate as their dams, Mr. Ponsonby will have no reason to be dissatisfied. Sweetbriar 10th, purchased from Mr. Aikell, having Prince Frogmore's Seal, for sire, is naturally half sister to Petted Pansy ; Nancy Lee, another purchased calf, with the young bull Unionist, out of Magic, intended to b^ exhibited towaids the end of the season, brings the herd of Mr. Fonsonby to a close, and considering the recent foundation of it, some very good cattle are found at Terrick Farm. In the Yale of Aylesbury, at Walton Grange, and the adjoining farm of Broughton Pastures, Mr. H. Wyatt, has an extensive dairy of cows, the milk of which is sold to the Condensed Milk Company's Manufactory, and it is satisfactory to learn that none has been returned, on account of the silage being fed to the cows in milk, and Mr. Wyatt adds his testimony to the usefulness of it as a milk producer during the winter months. Pedigree males have long been used, and Duke of Barrington 14th 41)413, the present sire, was a private purchase from Brailes, he is a capital red, and will no doubt leave a favourable impression when he departs, both in this respect, and many others, if he follows the good example of his sire, Duke of SHORTHORN HKRDS OF ENGLAND. 199 Bariington 10th. For tha service of the heifers during the winter, Royal Favour 53588, a son of that beautiful eow, Blight Ruby, was hired fi-om Mr. E. Heinemann. (Jotswold Lass, a lengthy young cow, of the favourite Roan Duchess branch of the Blanche tribe, stood second to Petted Pansy, at the London Dairy Show last Autumn, but being now in full milk, will hardly be in condition to compete successfully until towards the close of the season. Baron Blanche, a daik red young bull, and his sister, of a different branch of the tribe, ate also intended to be sent to the local shows, as well as S\veetbtiar, a daughter of the Bingle} Hall Champion Prince Saturn 4(51)^(3. In a field with the calves we find a vevy level red Silence or Surmise cow, and passing on to a neighbouring, pasture, out of the yearlings, we prefer a pair of Mr. Wyatt's own breeding, to either of the purchases made at the final dispersion of Lord Hindlip's herd. Unfortunately the herdsman not being at hand we are unable to obtain the names of any of the dairy cows, which togather with graziers, make up the number of 58 animals seen in one pasture, and on looking over the buildings, we must congratulate Mr. Wyatt on having most excellent accomodation for the cattle. The herd belonging to Mr. A. J. Robarts was bred more according to the strict lines of fashion in its earlier years, than at the present day, when it consists entirely of the Seraphina tribe, descended from the Rev. R. Pointer's Old Darlington, numbering between fifty and sixty females, and to which duiing the last ten years, the herd has been entirely limited. Bulls of Bates blood have been used, Cherry Grand Duke 6th 33348, in service at the last sale, being followed by Mr. Bowly's Lord Siddington 38664, then Col. Kingscote's Lord Sandgrove 6th 41921, a son of Duke of Hillhurst 28401, and Senora, bred at Lillingstone Dayrell. Beeswing 45967, combining the Fuschia, and Honey strains of blood, is the sire of a nice lot of heifers, and Lord Digby 49898, a son of Grand Duke 4 1st 46349, from Daphne, of the Darlington tribe, was the predecessor of the present very useful Duke of Charmingland, bred by Mr. H. J. Sheldon, whose calves have just begun to arrive. The sires in early years comprised the Duke bulls, Grand Duke 3rd 2<>() SHOKTIiOKN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 101S2, Grand Duke 16th 24063, Second Duke of Claro 21576, and Duke of Tiegunter 26061, and the females included the fashionable Barrington, Craggs, Euschia, Darlington, and Wild Eyes tribes, but the sales of 1871, and 1877, saw these dispersed. The late Mr. E. Clarke, who had the management of Mr. Robarts' shorthorns, in addition to breeding on his account, considered after long experience, the Seraphinas the very best family, in his opinion, for milk and flesh combined, and certainly it would ba difficult to'flnd so grand a lot of cows, with such shapely well filled uddei s, of any one tribe, as we have the pleasure of seeing in Mr. Robarts* possession. Simla, Seaforth, Sumatra, Sweet Pea, Salamis, Strathspey, Sunflower, Silky, and Susan, are our favourites of the matrons, and with the exception of Strathspey, Sumatra, and Susan, they areall by Lord Siddington, with Simla, and Salamis, as considered the choice of the half dozen, for good looks, and the light roan Silky, we are told is one of the best at the pail. Susan, a short legged wealthy sort, is one of the last of Cherry Grand Duke 6th's get, and the oldest animal in the herd, while Sumatra, is a very handsome red, and Strathspey, a white, daughter of the Kingscote Seraphina bull. Many of ths heifers by Beeswing 15967, and Lord Digby 49891, promise to replace the older cows with no discredit when their turn arrives. When visiting Coventry, we are not intent on buying one of the machines for which the town is so famous, but to find our way to Canley, which after going by no means the most direct route, is reached in safety, and Mr. Hands found at home. His name is well known in this district by the reputation of the cream cheeses made by the family, his father, Mr. Richard Hands, being appointed Cheesemaker-in-Ordinary to Her Majesty in 1840. The foundation of the herd was laid by the late Mr. Hands with stock from Mr. Bellamy, of Haseley, Warwick, and in 1860-61 were purchased four cows, Pearl, Lavender 2nd, and Olive 3rd, of old Lincolnshire blood, and Chance 2nd, descended from the herd of Mr. Lovell, of Edgcott. With the exception of the descendants of Olive 3rd, representatives BHORTHUiiN HKIIDS OF ENttLANJ). 201 of the others are found at Cauley. Since the sale of the larger portion of the herd in 1877, the purchases have inclined to be of inoie fashionable lineage, than the OLiginal families, and as cream cheese is still made, and sent round once a week to the neighbour- ing towns of Coventry, Wai-wick, and Leamington, the dairy is the principal item in the system of fanning carried on by Mr. Hands, and the cows for supplying it must have first notice; some animal appeals inoie attractive than the others in every group, and here it is Miss Hilda, a handsome Bell-Bates cow, possessing a shapely udder, with every appearance of a good flow of milk issuing therefiom : and another capital uddered co\v is Canley Grwynne, by a prize Kirklevington bull of Mr. Green's, used for some time in the herd. Countess of Clarence 3rd, a Lily Bell, of unsullied descent, is not of laige mould, but good at the pail, as are also the Miss Pearls, and Lavenders, as in bygone days ; one of the former, a fine shorthorn like cow is somewhat of a curiosity, having been born minus natme's natural appendage The Statiras, full of good blood, are represented by two sisteis daughters of Kirklevington Lord, as well as one or two younger heifeis, the latter are seen in several small groups, in one of which Miss Pearls, 4*>rid, and 43rd, daughters of Viscount Bates (a son of Oxford, and Lily Bell parents), are a pair of very useful heifers, while Countess Nancy 4th, and Dowager Winsome Duchess, both by the Holker Baron Winsome 10th, have five excel- lent crosses on Mr. Barber's Duchess 1st, and in another pasture is the latter's half sister, Dowager Waterloo Duchess, by Mr. Lloyd's Waterloo Count, along with Lavender 16th, likely for keeping up the reputation of the old sort. The most fashionable bred animals are only calves under a year, a pretty little Kirklevington Duchess fiom East Donyland is not so wrell grown as might be wished, but the fact of her being "pure" makes her very attractive to an American friend who accompanies UF, and as highly bred, if not so fashionable in the open market, is a red and white Puschia. by Duke of Somerset, from Conishead Fuschia, out of one of the high priced cows at Dunmore in 1875; then last \ve have a roan Craggs, very promising, 202 SHORTHORN HKRDS OF ENGLAND. from Duchess Carolina 3rd, bought last year in Northamptonshire, and unseen. Baron le Grand 50820, a son of Grand Duke 41st 46439, and Baroness Oxford 4th, a long drawn stylish bull with excellent quality, walks from his box with a degree of command, as if he was well aware of b^ing Lord of the Hire in of Mr. Hinds' large herd ; so attracted was our American friend by his being one of the few well bred Bates bulls, red in colour, which he had found in this country, that he induced his owner to part company with him to cross the Atlantic. A pleasant drive from Canley brings us to the Home Farm at Berkswell Hall, where a few large framed, heavy fleshed, deep milking cows, are kept for dairy purposes by Mr. T. Wa'ker, to which he is using Driffield 4931)0, a winner in his younger days at Kingley Hall, and from one of the fine Darlington cows bought for Studley at the Hindlip sale. The seven animals in milk are certainly a good lot, and it would ba a pity to particularize; the Blanches are to the fiont as usual, Cherry Blanche 7th, bought fiom Mr. (J. M. Hamer, having two nice daughters in Cherry Blanches, Eighth, and Ninth, by Mr. T. Harris' Prince of Caralina 48481, used in the heid. Ursula of Ozleworth 5th, in addition to being of the Ursula tribe, well known at Didmaiton, is the mother of one of the piettiest ot the yearling heifers, which are all by Driffield, the best made being a red and white out of Inmate 3rd, a family which once passed through the old established herd at Weston Park. Returning from Canley, and Berkswell, we call at the farm near to the town of Coventry, belonging to Mr. R. A. Dalton, of Whoberley Hall, where he has a few good looking cows, which are usually sent to Mr. Hands' bulls. Nearly all descend from Alma 15th, and Alma 16th, own sisters, by Duke Dentsdale 33651, from Alma Alba, a pedigree of no great length winding up with a son of Mr. Arbuthnot's Anthony 1640. They were obtained from Mr. J. R. Winn, of Coundon, the older sister has two heifers, and the younger, three ; of the matrons we prefer the latter. In another building we have Xmas Lily, a fine cow, with a grand rib and loin, bought at Mr. E. SHOItTHOKX HERDS OF KNOLAND. 20'] Lythall's sale, and having a dash of the famous Telemachus blood, thiough her grandshe; Lads' Godiva, her calf, by the 'Rev. P. Graham's Turncroft Cherry Duke 2nd 45706, is very promising. Passing to tha field across the road, we have Alice, by Lucky Boy 49998 (a son of Alma 15th), her sisters, Ina, and Maggie, fiom Alma 16th ; Princess Beatrice, and Lucky Girl, out of the older sister ; with the exception of Alice, and Ina, the latter being by the prize winning Kirklevington Lord 4500-3, the rest ate by Baron Winsome 10th 45951, bred at Holker, and of the five heifers we prefer the red and white Lucky Girl. Mr. Bobbins, of The Hollies, near Kenilvvorth, farms seven hundred ac^es of land, about four miles distant from the town, wheie for a period extending into the teens of years, he has been a breeder of pedigree cattle, his first put chase of note being Lady Waterloo llth, when 13 years old, and the red and white cow calf by her side, sold after Sir W. H. Salt's herd in 1876 ; five yeais later, with the exception of thiee or four females, the entire heid was dispersed along with Mr. Wirm's, and Mr. Hauler's. The two young Wateiloos then retained, have increased to seven in number of the female line, in addition to GivendoJe Waterloo, doing duty at one of Mr. Bobbins' farms. Lady Waterloo 13th, a daughter of the Earl of Bective's Duke Dentsdale 33561, a grand massive cow, has not long given birth to the youngest born, Lady Waterloo 19th, by 64th Duke of Oxford 49471, purchased at Birmingham, he has been lately used by Mr. Bobbins, and the calf is a beautiful roan, altho' the colours, were originally a not very taking yellow red, mixed with white, but the owner appears to have had the good judgement to part with it, and substitute a good red or roan by judicious selection of colours in sires, as he has but one of the snuff coloured ones remaining, and that arises through the grandsire on the sires side being Ninth Duke of Geneva. In addition to the Oxford bull before mentioned, the males used by Mr. Bobbins have been of the Kirklevington, and Darlington tribes, and as well as attending to the colour, we believe it is Mr. Bobbins' intention to keep the Waterloo tribe together, until he obtains a choice herd of this 204 SHOltTlIORX 1IEUDS OF ENGLAND. fashionable, family although at present, he has a pair of you:ig Statira, cows, favourably known at Lowhill, fiushden, and formerly at Holker, as a good tribe of cattle, and Fairest 3id, a very handsome red cow, of Sir Charles Knightley's Primrose family, is a great favourite of her owner. In addition to his shorthorns, Mr. Bobbins has gathered together a small stud of thoiough-breds at The Hollies. At Ashorne Hill, equal distance from Leamington, and Waruick, Mr. G. C. Green way, has bred shorthorns for the last fifteen years, and he was numbered amongst the purchasers at the highly suc- cessful sale held at Wicken Park, in 1873, when Juno fell to his share, in exchange for DOgs. Five years later, the larger portion of his herd, were sold at Snitteifield, along with Mr. S. Canning's, and an average of thiity guineas was made for the sixty five head belonging to the joint vendors. The matrons are found grazing in the park excepting Caioline, a handsome red by Lord Penryhn's Duke of Caiolina 2nd 38127, ftom Christmas Carol, which has newly calved ; Chailotte, and Lady Clara, half sisters, are descended, like Caioline, from Phoenix, the dam of Favourite 252, they are a pair of grand massive cows, especially the former, which possesses a wonderful depth of frame, and substance ; she has two daughters representing her in the herd, but. we doubt if either will ever attain the excellence of their darn. Lady Jocelyn 19th, purchased fiom Mr. Geo. Graham, replenishes the herd with the old J. blood, but hitherto has only bred males, excepting when producing twins, the sex was divided. Bangle 2nd, a daughter of Janus 36803 (a son of the Wicken Park Juno), and Bracelet 21st, bought at one of Mr. H. J. Sheldon's sales, is the dam of a red yearling by Lord Louis 48212, bred by Lord Moreton, of the old Tortworth Louisa tribe, and also of a heifer calf by Mr. Attwater's prize winning Stilton. Cheesecake, a sweetly pretty cow, is a direct descendant of Mr. Collings' Tragedy, by Favourite 252. Prince of Lathoni, is the present sire, being a son of a Bracelet bull bred at Ashorne Hill, and Mr. J. Harrison's Ladv Jane 8th, and although Mr. Greenway is fond of good cattle, he has hardly obtained a male equal to the cows grazing in his park. SHORTHORN HKRDS OF ENGLAND. £00 About three miles from Slratfoid-upon-Avon Mr. P. Yernon - Wadley, on his farm at Alveston Pasture, has during the last thiee or four years collected together specimens of many of the fashionable Bates tribes including the Oxford, Thorndale Rose, Wild Eyes, Waterloo, Fogga^horpe, and Fuschia families, with the Duchess bull, Duke of Cornwall 3rd 44665, bred by Lord Hindlip, from Duchess 117th, sold at the Dunmoie sale of 1879 for 3,200 guineas. He has many excellent points to his credit, besides mere pedigree ; his deep forequarters are something extraordinary, which makes him have rather a lion like appearance, standing upon his short legs, and being somewhat deficient in weight behind. Tn the pasture we have Conishead Fuschia, a very handsome red cow, and Thorndale Rose 27th, a compact shapely heifer, as the most recent purchases, if either should prove in calf at the prices given, Mr. Yernon- Wadley will have secured a great bargain, as not only are the pedigrees good, but the animals also compare favourably with them. Dream, of Sir Charles Knight-ley's "Walnut tribe, was bought at the dispersion of Lord Braybrooke's herd, and Turncroft Belle of Oxford 5th, and her cow calf, at that of another once fashionable Bates herd, the Rev. P. Graham's. Ruddy Daisy, of the Old Daisy family, is short legged, and massive, being one of the best cows in the field, and she is the dam of a nice red heifer seen under cover by Mr. Garner's Heydon Duke 11th 48024. Graffin Foggathorpe 12th, a fine old cow. was bought very cheaply at Drin^houses, considering that in her younger days she had made 2O SHOltTHOKN HERDS OF ENGLAND. Pern hy 11, has been in service since his purchase at Wicken Park, first as assisting the Grand Duke, afterwards Duke of Cornwall 4th 4776^1, hiied from Hindlip, and now in his 10th year having Duke of Whittlebury 47788, for his colleague, he is still active and healthy, and since the Hindlip bull's departure, is being* freelv used to the Duchesses. Mr. Loder has only had one sale, and that could hardly be looked upon as a draft with an average of over a hundred but three years ago. The Duchesses, are bound to have first notice in the herd, both on account of their ancient and honourable descent, and in this instance, because they are the most numerous of any family at Whittlebury, numbering 14 females, and 5 males, certainly Mr. Loder may have pleasure in comparing the breeding record of his Duchesses with any other leading Bates or Booth tribe in the kingdom, and from what we see the " health " record also, as out of the thirteen Duchesses of Whittlebury bred by him. only the Second and Third fail to put in an appearance, here at any rate the tribe do not appear to die off at an early period of their existence, nor be given to breeding a larger proportion of males over females, as fifteen of the latter have been born in Mr. Loder's possession as against eight of the former, and yet no extra pampering in the rearing of the offspring of the noble parents is allowed, Knightleys, Gwynnes, Darlingtons, and Red Roses, all sharing alike. Duchess of Hillhurst 3rd, after being purchased by Mr. Loder, was sent to Duke of Tregunter 7th 38194, at Over Darwen, and the produce, the first Duchess of Whittlebury, grazes contentedly with her dam, and a grand-daughter, by Grand Duke 41st 46439, out of the Second. The Millbeckstock purchase although looking blooming and well, is unfortunately idle ; in addition to the cow already mentioned she bred the Second, Third, and Fifth, before having Duke of Whittlebury, to Grand Duke 41st, now assisting the Oxford bull at the stud. The oldest daughter followed her dam's example by adding the Fourth, Ninth, and Twelfth, and the Ninth is, if anything, better looking than the dam, and her half-sister the Seventh, by Grand Duke 41st, from the Third, is very lengthy with excellent fore quarters. The Fourth, and SHOJtTUORN HEllDS OF ENGLAND. 2J5J Fifth, aie the result of sending mother, and daughter, to JDuke of Connaught, unfortunately the latter declines to breed, but the former is the most beautiful of all Mr. Lodei-'s Duchesses, in addition to a good frame, her head, and horns are indicative of great character, like every shorthorn ought to bo ; but alas ! how seldom ate they found perfect in this respect ; already the Eleventh, and Thirteenth, a pair of nic3 heifers, have baen added by the Fifth, and the Twelfth, of excellent quality, arid great substance, is as before mentioned the youngest daughter of Duchess of Whittlebury. Grand Dnchess of Geneva 5th, purchased in Kent, still occupies one of the Whittlebury stalls, she has bred Duchess of Wappenham, sold at the sale to Mr. J. J. Hill's agent for 600 guineas, and a white two year old, by Duke of Wittlebury 2nd 47789 (sold to go into Mr. A. J. Alexander's famous Kentucky herd for l,500gs.), as well as several males. Duchess of Buckingham, out of the Lathoin purchase, has the Sixth Duchess of Whittlebury (her produce by Grand Duke 41st), a level young cow in the adjoining stall in the Byre, and the Eighth Duchess, by Mr. Alexander's bull is from the Duchess of Ormskirk. The Winsomes were obtained at Heybridge, and the name of Winsome Wild Eyes commenced by Mr. Phillips has been continued by Mr. Loder for many of the tribe. Winsome Wild Eyes 5th. a lengthy squaie good uddered cow, is suckling a roan bull calf by Duke of Whittlebury, and Winsome Wild Eyes 9th, and Winsome 10th, the Wild Eyes appearing to be omitted for the future, are a pair of good sized heifers, which will probably grow nearer to the ground as they mature. Duchess Velvet Eyes 5th, sired by Grand Duke 25th, is the only descendant of Velvet Eyes, a daughter of Col. Kingscote's Eoguish Eyes. At Underley in 1874, seven Darlingtons averaged just over £400, and the six Gwynnes fifty pounds less, Mr. Loder secured what was considered the best specimens of each family. The red roan Grand Duchess Darlington, was the first of Grand Duke 25th's get, after coming from Scothern ; Duchess Darlington 4th, and Duchess Darlington 6th, are half-sisters out of the 650 guinea Darlington 19th, and Duchess Darlington 13th, by the Oxford bull, 232 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. is a deep wealthy heifer. The descendants of Duchess Gwynne 4th did not suffer any loss in their numbers by the sale two years ago; Grand Duchess Gwynne 3rd, stands near to the ground, and is like her daughter, Grand Duchess Gwynne 4th, compactly put together, and the latter especially has abundance of grand hair. Turning to the Rosys, Treble Fawsley has bred a calf every year, and is now almost thirteen years old : the last is a good coloured bull, and previously, Duchess Fawsley llth, seen amongst the heifers: but as the family contributed nearly a third of the females to Mr. Loder's sale, we cannot expect to see them in their old abundance. Minnie 9th, imported from Kentucky by Sir Curtis Lampson, has been a most beautiful cow in her younger days, and a grand-daughter, Red Rose of Whittlebury 7th, so far as colour is concerned, is very similar in her markings, and in addition to the dam, we see the aged Red Rose of Killiecrankie, bred at Dunmore from an imported cow, and by an imported sire, as well as a heifer from her known as Red Rose of Whittlebury 6th. At Rothersthorpe, two miles from the well known junction at Blisworth, a herd of pedigree cattle was founded over sixty years ago by the father of the present owner, Mr. W. Faulkner, and during that long period only two sales have been held, one in 1848, the first season of the late Mr. Strafford's career as a Shorthorn auctioneer, being composed of 16 females offered after Sir G. Knightley's bull sale held at Weedon, and the other in 1873, when between forty and fifty pounds each was made of a selection of thirty- three head. The herd has been carefully bred from the old sorts so long on the farm, and crossed of late years with Booth bulls, one of the first being Knight of Branches 20076, a son of Lady Grandison of the Bliss tribe; while Royalty 35412, Athelstane 23331, Fair Thane 31127, Earl of Aylesby 2nd 39813, and Baron Dereham 49066, bred by Messrs. Pawlett, Torr, Ackers, and Aylrner, have been amongst the more recent ones, and the last-named, the joint property of Mr. W. Hawkes and Mr. Faulkner, is now seen afc Rothersthorpe, as well as a deep red yearling, Sir Kenneth 53679, hired from Mr. G. Britten, bred by Mr. Welsted, and a son of the SHORTHORN* HEEDS OF ENGLAND. 233 "Wailaby Lord Provost, out of a Master of Arts cow, of Mr. Maynard's blood, although heavily topped with the Waclaby sires used at Bally waiter. Worley 45829, now in his seventh year, is thus the only one of the three sires absolutely Mr. Faulkner's own property, he is a short legged, massive, heavily fleshed ball, and was bred on the premises, being by the home bred Rupee 39069, out of Wine, des- cended from Dewberry, sold to Lord Penryhn, whose granddaughter. Lucy Anne, by Sir C. Knightley's Lovemore 10470, Mr. Faulkner re- purchased in calf to Marmaduke 14897, and half a score of the herd trace to the produce of this well known bull and Lucy Anne, one of the nicest being the rightly named Wee Pet, half sister to Worley, whose stock it must be said are a grand lot, and with few exceptions, dark reds. Butter making is carried on by Mr. Faulkner, and the fine dairy-like cows, nearly twenty in number, appear well equal to the work of producing the necessary ingredients. The Sweetbriars descending from Favourite, by Milton 8315, bought from Mr. Clarke, of Deansanger, about 1834, are the most numerous of the five families at Rothersthorpe, and comprise 25 females. All are named Sweetbriars, with numerals attached thereto. The Seventy-seventh is the oldest, and Nos. 97, 99, 101, and 102, are the younger cows more particularly noticed, but for the "double" duties of carrying flesh as well as milking heavily, we are inclined to prefer the grand lot of red cows tracing to Fame, by Ruf us 15216, obtained from Mr. Caldecott, of Rugby, and winding up a long and ancient descent with a son of the illustrious Hubback. Flirt, not 3| years old, has had two calves, and possesses an excellent udder, while Feodora, as true made and level as any of the six "F" cows, five of which are daughters of Worley, and Fern, by Fair Thane, is also an excellent cow. The Dahlias and Rubys, were obtained from the same breeders as the F's and Sweet- briars, but their numbers fall far short of those two flourishing families, Ringlet being the only full grown animal of the Rubys, and the whole of the Dahlias added together only reach the grand total of four ; it is this family that producsd Queen Mary in Mr. Kennard's hands, descended from Delight, the highest priced lot m the 48 sale. 234 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. On the north of Northampton, Cottesbrooke is probably better known as the abode of the Master of the Hunt, than as the home of a small herd of Bates and Knightley cattle, with the young Oxford bull bought at Killhow, by Duke of Leicester 6th 41)461, out of Oxford Duchess of Killhow 3rd, doing service. In the first paddock we find a pair of well bred Cold Creams, own sisters, by Earl of Leicester 15th 39826, from Harmony, apparently both good at the pail. Hose, a splendidly bred Kosy, and very pretty, is from a purchase in 1876, at Lord Fitzhardinge's Berkeley Castle sale, while the dam of Geranium, a four year old roan of Mr. Bowlv's Gazelle tribe, was bought by Mr. Sartoris at Stone Cross, and sold to Mr. Larigham. From the pasture we walk acrosst o the Park, where we find the larger portion of the herd ; Hawthorn 4th, the third daughter of Hawthorn, is by Prince of Maple well 3id 45393, as is also Chesnut 4th, one of the favourite Chorus branch of the Charmers, while Chesnut 3rd, has the Earl of Leicester for sire, out of a daughter of Messrs. Leney's Duchess 6th, got by Grand Duke 23rd. The Gazelles are represented by two nice heifers, the older, very square and good, is own sister to Geranium, and the younger has Grand Duke 35th for sire. Wild Plum, a purely bred Wild Eyes, had come as a calf from Whittlebury, and has since grown into a strong substantial heifer, while Princess Hindlip, of the same family as Earl of Leicester loth 39826, used in the herd, has a heifer named Acacia in the park, and a cow calf in the pens, the former by Duke of Cumberland 49439, now one of the sires at the head of the famous Bow Park herd. The Darlingtons, naiiud Deodoras, and the most numerous in the group, were obtained by the purchase of Lady Darlington 4th, at Sir W. H. Salt's sale ; we observe one of the four retains that most peculiar roan noticed in Mr. Garner's herd, where some of this branch were seen descending from Lady Darlington, by Cherry Duke 25750, a steer having the same roan is at once "spotted" as being from one of the Darlington cows without the assistance of the herdsman, except for verification, but certainly Deodora 4th is a very nice compact heifer. SHOKT1I011N 1IEKDS OF ENGLAND. ^3«J Lord Wantage, better known as Col. Loyd Lindsay to those interested in shotthorns, bred a good herd in the County of Berk- shire, which when dispersed in 1881 made .£36 2s. 2d. for the 81 head, and he has still a number of useful cattle on his Overstone Park estate, \\hich are kept at the Stanwick Hall Farm, near to Highain Ferrers, founded on purchases made at the Alwalton Sale in May 1884, and Dingley Grange, in October of the same year; many of the former are of Mason origin, tracing to No. 54, and now known as the Jennies ; several are of Sir C. Tempest's Frill tribe, with considerable Bates blood on the top of their pedigree ; and the J's, so popular in the County, have a well bred specimen in Viscountess Jersey 3rd, bought at the dispersion of Earl Spencer's herd, and several Lady Jocelyns, or Jessicas, known in connection with Mr. Geoige Graham's name, were obtained at Dingley Grange. Lord Mild Eyes 3rd 48219, bred at Wetherby Grange, has been in service, and at present are his sons, Lord of Stanwick, and Stanwick Lad, out of two of the Kimbolton purchases, and Lord Darlington 24th 49895, of the favourite Darlington tribe, bred by Mr. John Thompson, at Badminton. Near to Ketteririg are the herds of Messrs. C. Bayes, and J. J. Sharp, both known to visitors at the annual Bingley Hall sales, where their young males are generally entrusted to Mr. Lythall's care, and the latter breeder has won many a prize at the leading shows, especially with specimens of his Julia tribe, obtained origi- nally from the late Mr. E. Wood, and during the past seventeen years nearly £4,000 has been won in prize money. Mr. Sharp has generally adhered to the Bates blood in the selection of sires since the commencement of his herd ; Cambridge Duke 5th 30645, and Claro's Eose 25784, two of the earlier ones being of the famous Cambridge Eose strain ; Duke of Darlington 4th 38138, bred at Brailes ; Baron Shendish 2nd 41061, arid Baron Shendish 5th 44374, from two of Mr. Longman's Oxford Eose cows ; Oxford Eose 3rd 50135, a son of the last named bull, and Julia ]5th, has been in service the last two seasons, assisted by Connaught Lad 230 S1IOHTIIORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 47619, one of the progeny of Duke of Connaught; and at present, Grand Gwynne 15th, a red and white, bred by Col. Webb, is doing duty in Mr. Sharp's extensive herd of over 100 head. Instead of proceeding immediately to Broughton, we are driven to some distant fields to see the heifers, and in the first group of ten, all by Oxford Rose 3rd, one or two of the Julias are particularly noticeable for their neat well laid shoulders, which the owner remarks have been a special characteristic of the family since he has had them. The most prominent in the next pasture is again a Julia. and a pair of twin Craggs cows that bear her company descend through Princess Joan, bought at the first of the Gaddesby sales. We find at the buildings that the show "team " are not to arrive till late, consequently they cannot be seen until the morning, but two more grand groups of heifers and young cows, are looking remarkably well, and when such animals as May Duchess loth, who can win both at the Bath and West, and at the Dairy Show, where at the latter she was not only first in her class, but the Champion of all breeds ; Julia 14th, and Blanche Duchess 4th, second at the recent meeting at Maidstone for the best pair of dairy cows ; and the fine old May Duchess 14th, the matron of one of Mr. Sharpe's family groups, it is needless to write of the merits of the other elder dames after mentioning such well known animals, and the progeny of May Duchess 14th, and Julia 14th, are too well known in the various showy ards to need further mention. Mr. C. Bayes has his residence on the outskirts of the town of Kettering, and his pastures just reaching the farm yard, stretch away to the Eailway, and contiguous thereto are fourteen very useful dairy cows. Chaff 10th, by the prize bull Satan 27430 (used by Mr. Bayes), out of Chaff 9th, bred at Kingscote, is the first noticed, then Virginia, a Grand Duke of Darlington cow, and one of the best of the fourteen, passes before us, the family were obtained in Lincolnshire, from Mr. Smith, of West Rasen, about 1862, and Virgin, another of the same sort milking heavily. Harmony, and Ruth, half sisters, by Mr. G. Graham's Lord Loftus 43537, are SHORT1I011N HERDS OF ENGLAND. 237 descended from The Bee, and Rosa, bought from the Marquis of Exeter. Careful, a nice cow, and Clematis, one of the oldest, sprung from Cytherea, by Gold Nugget 16176, obtained at Wellingboro' Grange, from Mr. Abbey, while Wisdom, by Mr. Wetherell's Luinley 16478, bred at Dane End, claims Wanton, a white of good character, as her descendant. In the pasture immediately behind the house, Lady, worthily represents a family hitherto unmentioned, and here we have Lord Lally 2nd, 53166, a dark roan young bull, very full of hair, brought forth for our inspection, his breeder was Mr. R. Briggs, and his name denotes his lineage. Previously Mr. Bayes has used Centre Bit 47561, a fine old white son of Duke of Connaught 33604, and that grand cow, Lady Gwynne, is still in service in the herd, and one of his sons in 1885 was the Champion at Bingley Hall. Grand Duke of Darlington 39948, and Lord Loftus 43537, two of the previous sires, were of the Darlington and Charmer tribes, and in still earlier years those well known stock getters, Satan 27430, and Claro's Rose 25784, were used in the herd. Clapton, in the clays of the late Mr. Rowland Wood, was famous for its steers, but since 1875, exhibiting has been discontinued, through the demand which sprung up for the young bulls, and if Kinsman's Butterfly, first in his class at the recent Bingley Hall show, although unfortunately three months too old to compete for the champion prize, may be considered a fair specimen of the young males bred by the present Mr. Rowland Wood, then it cannot be doubted but this has al&o been a success. The herd and the stock are found of a thoroughly useful description, one of the earliest sires used at Clapton was Henry 5th 19944, which proved the sire of the extraordinary grand Ox that won for the late Mr. Wood the Gold Medal at Birmingham in 1865, afterwards exhibited three months at the Crystal Palace. Britannicus 17452, bred by Mr. Sartoris, out of Surmise, also distinguished himself as the sire of prize winners, five of his stock taking premier honours at London and Birmingham, Mr. Jonas Webb's Lord Chancellor 20160, the Royal winner at Plymouth, proved very successful as a sire, and likewise did Mr. Sheldon's Duke of Barrington 5th 33575. Great attention has been 238 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. paid by the present owner to the milking properties, with a view to more fully develope these, he purchased from Mr. G. Hobbs, Wellesley 4th 45768, a son of the well known Matchless 5th. Kinsman 49829, a massive thick fleshed bull, and the older of the two present sires, was bought at Ballywalter, he is a son of Royal Mowbray 42330, from Englannd's Kate, a cow tracing to the late Mr. A. L. Maynard's blood, and is the sire of forty seven animals in the Clapton herd. Lord Randolph, a very straight thick fleshed fourteen months youngster, with splendid hair, has not long been bought from Mr. Ayscough Fawkes, he combines the " Aberdeenshire" blood, through his sire, Mr. W. Duthie's Lord Rector 51639, and the old Farnley blood through his dam, Lady Ramsey. The Louisas, well known to fame at B'irghley, are numerously represented in the first pasture we enter, out of the Twenty-third, Twenty-fourth, and Twenty-fifth, we prefer the second mentioned, a very good dark red, and one of the best of the fourteen. In the dairy cows, the Townley Vestris's are to the front, with the home bred Lady Harrington Butterfly at their head, and two daughters, the Second and Third, very useful animals, bear their dam company. Lady Brunette, is from a Blanche cow, bred at Rowfant ; and a very good red and white, unfortunately has not enough crosses for registration. With some of the older heifer calves we are shown Lady Ross, half-sister to Lord Randolph, by the Northumbrian St. Swithin 43986, she is very level, and one of the best shaped animals on the farm, while Lady Birrington Butterflys, Eleventh, and Twelfth, are considered two of the best calves Mr. Wood has bred for some time, certainly of the steers and heifers seen near to Thrupston Station, the Tenth is considered the best looking in the few minutes we have at our disposal, but we must not omit notice of several good descendants of a family descended from Laura, purchased of Mr. W. Stopf'ord Sackville, nor May Flower 3rd, half-sister to Master of Arts, a winner at Bingley Hall in 1884. Joan 9th, a grand-daughter of Joan, purchased by the late Mr. Wood fioni Mr. F. Saitoris, and the dam of the Gold Medal Ox of 1865, was unwell at the dispersion SHORTHORN HKRDS OF ENGLAND. 239 of the Clapton herd in 1875, and afterwards bred several good animals, and the family is still retained by the present owner, some nice heifers being seen of it. Mr. F. Sartoris has bred shorthorns at Eushden Hall since the year 1844, the bulk of one herd was dispersed in 1861, and in 1878, a second one, composed largely of the Knightley blood, was brought before the public, with the creditable result that the females averaged over three figures, and the third herd now at Eushden is composed of about a score of females chiefly of the old families' blood, Lady Geneva Rosy 2nd, a daughter of Ninth Duke of Geneva, and Poly thorn, the mother of Lord York Fawsley 34709, so long and successfully used in the late herd, was repurchased when Mr. Blundell's choice collection of Knightleys came into the market, as well as Knightley Rose, by Mr. Sheldon's Earl of Fawsley 9th, out of Eose of Farndish, and at Woodside, Eich Wine, one of the purest bred Knightleys then in existence was also obtained. From Mr. Jennings' sale, the Waterloos were re-introduced by Lady Oxford Waterloo and her daughter, coining to Eushden, but two of the handsomest cows are Lady Eothesay Barrington, the oldest of the favourite family, which were so keenly competed for at North Frith between the Messrs. Leney, Mr. Sartoris, the Agent representing Canada, and the States ; and the heavy fleshed Great Eyes 7th, a daughter of Duke of Tregunter 5th 33743, winner at Northampton and Peterborough, when in the hands of her breeder, the Hon. C. W. Fitzwilliam, Duke of Huntsland 4th 47769, the last produce of the celebrated Kirklevington Duchess 5th, after being used to the heifers at North Frith, came to Eushden for service, previously the cows had been sent over to Grand Duke 33rd, at Alwalton, but unfortunately a very large proportion of the calves by this fine bull have been males. AVhen at Kimbolton a few days afterwards we saw Lady Wellesley 2nd. a beautifu1 daughter of Ninth Duke of Geneva, and of Mr. E. Ceiling's Princess tribe, belonging to Mr. Sartoris, visiting one of the Oxford males in service there, and in a few years hence we doubt not but visitors to Eushden will find as good, or even a better 240 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. herd than has ever been seen here before, when the materials now collected together, have been a short time in the hands of so ex- perienced and successful a breeder. Not far distant from Rushden Hall is Stanwick, and here Mr. J. R. Crawley has a small herd containing five lines of blood to which he has used Bates and Knightley sires. The first purchase was made at the dispersion of the late Mr. Rowland Wood's herd in 1875, when Duchess of Harrington, descended from Mr. Dudding's Dorcas, by Earl Stanhope 5966, of good old Lincolnshire strains, which afterwards passed into the hands of Mr. R. Searson of Market Deeping, for whom the family won several prizes. Mr. Crawley's purchase had Duke of Barrington oth 21588 for her sire, and after the use of Waterloo Duke 40893, Lord Shipston 2nd 45261, and Lord of the Grange 43553, of Sir Charles Knight-ley's Walnut tribe, bought from his neighbour, Mr. T. Nichols, Mr. Crawley afterwards bought a highly bred Barrington bull — Grand Duke of Barrington 1st 46442 — from Mr. H. Lovatt, thus re-introducing this popular tribe in his herd, then mainly composed of the daughters and grand-daughters of his Clapton purchase, she having now bred eight heifers to one bull, and at present is hoped to be in the right way for producing a " tenth " calf. Mr. W . Faulkner's Rothersthorpe herd supplied a very nice cow in Fair Maid, of the F. tribe, already noticed in the mention of his cattle, she has left two daughters at Stanwick, and the same number have been produced by an excellent dairy cow, Superb Ruby 4th, bred by Mr. W. Lavender. A well bred Revelry — formerly popular at Dunmore and Underley — has had a couple of bulls, and the latest purchase, Rose of Hilden, of the once fashionable Rosys, supposed to be in calf when purchased, has not yet added to the Stanwick herd, to which Rowfant Wild Duke 52016, bred by the late Sir C. M. Lampson, of the Holker Winsome branch of the Wild Eyes tribe, is being used. Mr. T. Nichols, at The Grange, RauiuU, has raised quite an extensive herd of the Knightley blood, from two animals, viz: Formosa, bred by Mr. H. J. Sheldon, and by his Duke of Brailes 23724, her first produce at The Grange, was a red heifer to her own SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 241 sire, named Lady Brailes, born in 1872, and so rapid was the increase of the females descended fioin this calf that Lady Biailes 22nd, was registered in Vol. 31, while the descendants of the daughters of the original purchase were named Forniosas. In 1 876, another addition in the shape of a Primrose heifer, Lady Edith 2nd, was bought at "Wicken Park for 265gs., likewise having the Duke cf Brailes for grandsire, she is still seen in Mr. Nicholls' possession, and her oldest daughter, by Duke of Wellington 9th, bears her company, but the handsomest in the pasture and the herd, is Lady Brailes 5th, also by the Penryhn Waterloo bull, out of a daughter of Lady Brailes, several other capital specimens combining both flesh and milk, are seen, and with judicious selection of sires, a grand herd of serviceable cattle doing honour to the Knightley strain of blood, and to the shorthorn breed of cattle, will be established at The Grange. In the early days of the herd, the cows were sent over to Kiinbolton and Rush den for service; Duke of Wellington 9th 33754, bred at Pen thy n Castle, was purchased in 1875, and Lord Clarence Waterloo 36926, at the Rushden sale, afterwards Lord of the Grange, by Lord Bective's Grand Duke of Morcambe 36722, from Lady Brailes, and his son Harold 44921, out of his half sister, followed each other^ so Mr. Nicholls is evidently a believer in close breeding, when it is remembered that Lady Brailes, the dam and grand-dam, had Duke of Brailes for sire and grand-sire. The most southern herd in the county is that belonging to Mr. W. Hawkes, at Thenford, five miles from Banbury, but- Farthinghoe is the nearest station, and within a mile of the farm, to which a pleasant walk along a shady avenue of limes soon brings us. Mr. Hawkes has been a breeder since 1858, when a cow named Harmless, by Mr. Lovell's Risby 35276, was bought from his landloid, Mr. Severn, who had used pedigree bulls for many years previously, and with this cow the foundation was begun of a family still afc Thenford, and continued for a time with sires of Mr. Faulkner's breeding, followed by five from Aylesby, two of which unfortunately failed to be stock getters, and Heir of Lome 36761 (a sou of High Sheriff 26392), Harper 38407, Sir Swithin 40822, 242 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. and Harcouit 139977 — a son of Countess 2nd — were all bred at West Dereham Abbey, then Carperby was resorted to, three times in succession, Windsor's Plum« 42625, a son of Major Windsor 34739 — own brother to Bride of Windsor — which left only three heifers ; followed by Benezet 42785, and Count Benedict 46122, of Mr. Willis' Rose tribe. Warlaby has since been resorted to, and Wallace 48899, Rajah 53750, and King Edwai-d 53058, hired, the last named, a dark red 18 months old son of King Hal, and Manola, being now in service, as Prince Ernest 53445, the last purchase from West Dereham, although his senior in age has not yet been of any use to Mr. Hawkes. Between the hire of Wallace, and Rajah, Baron Dereham 49066, and Sir John 50471, both of the Calomel tribe, had been bought from Mr. Aylmer, and are the sires of the heifers. In the first pasture, Cherry Bud, and Calisto, are of Carperby blood on both the dam and sire's side, being by Count Benedict and Benezet, from a daughter and granddaughter of Cestus, bred at Carperby, by the Stackhouse bull that did so much for Mr. Willis' herd, but obtained by Mr. Hawkes from a Mr. Burgess in 1864, in calf to Cherry Prince 28180, and the produce named Cherry, has four excellent daughters, Cheerful, Cithera, Camilla, and the one already mentioned, the three former are all seen in the grand lot of dairy cows. Dimple, a compact shapely cow, and Dew, hardly so good, tiace to Doubtful, bought at Mr. Langston's sale in 1864 ; but of more fashionable blood are Kate Sybilla 2nd, and Phillis Countess, of Mr. J. Booth's Katherine, and Mr. H. Aylmer's Phillis families, but probably the best cow of the lot is not reached until Pansy, a very level daughter of Pink 20th, of the Broadmoor Pye tribe is seen. Two fields away something like a score are together, comprising heifers of all ages, and the tribe last seen are first at hand, represented by two half sisters, out of Cherry Pye 2nd ; very pretty is Lady Meysey 2nd, the produce of an Old Daisy bull, and a cow bought at Mrs. Severne's sale, her quality and hair being excellent. The Sweet Eoses, originally from Mr. Faulkner's, have two sisters very like in colour by Sir John, and the Katherines have SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. one of the five daughters left by Wallace, as well as a strong good like heifer in Kate Sybilla 5th, sired by Baron Dei chain. Gracious, with her daughters, Grievous and Generous, are the sole specimens of what are known as the Graceful tribe, descended from a cow of that name bought at Baron Rothchild's sale. The Mason blood, tracing through Xo. 54 Chilton sale, are of equal number — half-a- dozen — with the Pyes ; and the Hoses have in Jazel, a daughter of Wallace, and Joyful, bought at Mi-. Laxton's in 1876, without doubfc the grandest heifer in the pasture, she is a deep-ribbed lengthy level heifer with great substance and character ; and Juno is from a half sister to Jazel, but by >Sir John. The Aylesby cattle claim the most attention on account of their long connection with the herd, Mr. Hawkes having many years previous to the great sale of 1875 been a buyer of both males and females, the earliest being Fawsley Garland 5th, and her daughter, Fawsley Garland 6th. The name has since been continued at Thenford, and the Eleventh, by Mr. Aylmer's Harper 38407, is now the oldest of the four, while it need scarcely be added that the example set by Mr. To IT in crossing the Knightleys with Booth has been followed by Mr. Hawkes. Only two years previous to '75, Lady John, by Mr. T. C. Booth's Lord Blithe 22126, from Lady Thornton, belonging to Mr. Arbuthnot's Sylphs — the same family which produced Lord Lamech. sold for 560gs. to Mr. J. H. Pickrell, and considered one of the b^st bulls at the sale — was obtained, but Lady Janet, and Lady Judith, are unfortunately the only two which now claim her for ancestress. After Mr. Hawkes' previous pur- chases, it was hardly to be expected when the entire herd were dispersed, but that his name would be found in the buyers list, and a Flower, and \V, were then obtained; Foreign Sultana, a very handsome granddaughter of the original purchase, after nearly four yoais of idleness since breeding Foreign Captive, now a very fine young cow, has bred a bull calf, and is again hoped to be "safe" to King Edward. Welfare, the only W. in the herd, goes back not to Waving, bred by Mr. Torr, but is a daughter of Wreath, bought at the dispersion of the Rev. J. X. Micklethwait's stock. The 244 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. milking cows, numbering twenty, include some very fine specimens of dairy shorthorns, combining size, flesh, and milk, especially prominent are the three sisters and two Flowers, already noted; Pimpernel, and Filagree, the latter the only daughter left of Pair Thane. Not of such large scale are Birthday, a very stylish little cow, of a family obtained from Mr. Faulkner, and Hardy, wonder- fully well shaped and compact, descended from Harmless, bought as already mentioned in 1858. East Hadclon, where Mr. J. Cooper began a small herd in 1878, by the purchase of some J. cows and a bull from Mr. J. N. Beasley, is 2| miles from Althorp Park, and at the present time this tribe are the most numerous family in the herd, having been found by Mr. Cooper to be both good milkers and quick feeders. Following Mr. Beasley's bulls were two of the same tribe bred at Weston Park, and at present Royal Duke 52032, a son of Grand Duke 34th 41642, and Lady Louisa's Duchess 10th, of a fine old line of blood, is in service. In the same year as the first cow was purchased, Mr. Bagshawe's old established herd was dispersed ; three females were then obtained, and the mating of these animals, and their produce with the bulls already mentioned, has answered well. Two of the Old Daisys bought from Mr. C. H. Bassett, have multiplied into half a dozen, and the cows are possessed of large frames and good udders. The herd is kept in a natural state, the cows running out winter and summer, and it is the owner's intention to have them all of one uniform red colour, and to retain their present milking properties. Catthorpe Towers, four miles from Rugby, is only just within the borders of the county of Leicester, and Mr. J. P. Cross, following Mr. Cooper's example, contemplates having a herd of entirely red shorthorns from his purchases at the dispersion of the Althorp and Killerby herds, and a fine red cow, Joyful, brought from Mr. J. Cooper, and two or three pedigree animals he found on the premises after purchasing the estate in 1880. Mr. Cross first used Grand Gwynne 4th 41655, bred at Elford, who has left a number of very fine red cows out of the ordinary stock ; Lord Shendish Fawsley 3rd 53217, SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 245 and Lord Churchill 53142, were also reds ; and James 53031, bred by Mr. Cooper, out of Joyful, of the old established J. family, a straight even bull of the same fashionable colour, occupy one of the two commodious boxes erected for the male animals at the Home Farm ; as the result of using these sires it is not easy to distinguish the 17 calves occupying the paddock adjoining the yard, only one being other than red or red and little white. The build- ings are substantially constructed, and very convenient in every respect, the only regret we have on walking through them is, that it is not within the means of all landlords to build such a handsome set of buildings for every good sized farm. The Catthorpe Towers herd may almost be said to be a continua- tion of Earl Spencer's, as eight of the heifers were purchased at the Althorp sale, five of which, known as the Duchess Sarahs, descend from Snowdrop, purchased by Earl Spencer at the Tortworth sale of 1853 for 120gs. Fiom Primrose, a very fine cow, with Mr. Longman's Lord Shendish Fawsley for sire, it is intended to lay the foundation of a family, and her daughter, Primrose League, by Lord Churchill, amongst the heifers, is likely to grow into as good an animal as her dam. Miss Elford Pearl, a wealthy good short- legged sort, is considered the best of the cows ; Joyful (the dam of James), was a private purchase from Mr. J. Cooper; and Celia 6th, a very heavy milker was bred at Coundon ; Elegance 7th and Ele- gance 9th, are own sisters, tracing to No. 25 Chilton sale ; and Viscountess Jersey 4th, and Duchess Sarah 21st, are two more daughters of Grand Duke 35th, hailing from Althorp. Oi the four we are inclined to prefer the older of the Elegance sisters. After a long walk on the estate and seeing some useful grazing cattle, we came to another group of shorthorns, consisting of three Duchess Sarahs, and the Killerby Georgie heifer, Lady Gwendoline, the last named, is looking well, and failing to hold to the service given at the sale, she was put to James, to which sire she is now considered safe in calf. Thurmaston Lodge, three miles from Leicester, has long been associated with the name of Mr. T. Allen in the shorthorn world. 1:4') SHORTHOKX HERDS OF KNGLAXD. •ind with the breed of sheep for which tli3 coinitv has bien so famous amongst flockmasters. Naturally dairying has been the principal object of Mr. Allen with the fast increasing county town in such near proximity to his estate, and in the present herd the Kiiightley blood predominates, while it is intended t^ use the home bred Duke of Oxford Charmer, a promising well fleshed yearling, th'3 result of sending the Sweetheart cow, Sybil 3rd, to Duke of Oxford 47th, at Beau Manor, the dam tracing to the branch which passed through Mr. Gr. M. Tracy's possession, and which were sold at Edenbiidge in 1870 at an average of ,£96. The sire recently in use has been Baron Minstrel 3rd 49083. and as his name betokens h? is of the Minstrel branch of the Gwynnes — popular in the North as a milking family — and bred by Mr. Gr. Ashburner, out of a handsome red cow, one of the best in his large herd. The short- horns we see at Thurmaston Lodge have been gathered together since the dispersion of a previous herd in 1874, and have been selected from the stocks of Messrs. E. H. Cheney, T. H. Bland, R. Bottereill, and the Rev. C. Marshall. Our attention is chiefly directed to the 27 dairy cows, both with and without pedigrees, and somewhat grievous to say, a beautiful white, which has come out of Lincolnshire, beats the herd book cattle, for good looks and useful- ness combined, but still we have the consolation of considering that nothing but shorthorn blood could have produced the picture before us, and that if her ancestors had been carefully recorded, we should probably find her, and many other good cows, with pedigrees as good as a great many animals which are found in Coates'. Empress of Milcote, bred at what may be termed the home of the Didos, does not disgrace the old sort, neither does Sibyl 3rd, bred by Mr. R. Betts, who purchased her grandam at Edenbridge,the Sweethearts. Rosa, an aged white, with a well filled udder, is of the same foundation as the Ribys, but lacks the passing through the hands of Mr. Torr, of Aylesby, to render her fashionable by receiving top crosses of Warlaby blood, yet somewhat noteworthy although hailing from Ripley Court, her sire is King Tom 31521, a son of Lord Blithe, and Millicent. Lady Hylda 4th, of the Furbe- SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 247 low tribe, is by Mi-. Eose's Bright Jason 42832, an Aylesby Bright with the Cherry Duke cross, so Lady Hylda 2nd, with Lord Oxford 13th for sire, will probably be more to the fancy of many breeders. J. Princess, one of the Waulby purchases, goes back to Mr. II. Ceiling's Princess, through the herd of Mr. F. Sartoris in more recent years. After seeing the heifers which are by the Minstrel bull, out of the cows before mentioned, with the exception of Thurlaston Hyperia, by Duke of Oxford 47th, out of Countess Hyperia, we spend an hour or two very pleasantly with the owner walking round his estate seeing the flock, and lastly some very promising cart colts. At Bardon Hall, about 10 miles from the county town, Mr. W. T. Everard, has began to form a herd of Bates cattle, and the fashion- able Kirklevingtons are represented by Maplewell 4th, a giand- daughter of that beautiful Kirklevington 18th, whose portrait adorns the 18th volume of Coates' ; she was bought at the dispersion of the Countess of Stamford and Warrington's small herd as a doubtful lot, and in addition to having had Kirklevington De Yere, a promis- ing roan young bull, by Oxford De Yere 5th 48397, she is now again forward in calf to him ; it is not every breeder who has the luck to acquire a Kirklevington upon the terms Mr. Everard has done, and it is only to be hoped she may lay the foundation of a family worthy of the name. Princess Morwydd, sold at Millbeckstock under a month old for 40gs. to Mr. Holford, was afterwards sold by him for 360 to Sir H. Allsopp, Bait., at \ihose sale she was claimed by Mr. Everard, and her son, Duke of Bardon, is to be used along with the Kirklevington for the heifers. In the pasture containing the dairy cows we have a useful Red Eose from Elrnhurst, of the same branch as the heifer Mr. Eox exhibited two years ago ; Lady of the Lake, a good looking roan, bred at Bearwood, and victorious in her class at Birmingham, when bought for Bardon ; Countess 6th, of the Bell Bates Place tribe, has bred three excellent heifers, and Dame Buttercup, a red and little white, is of the old Yestris family. In the buildings we find Farewell Duke 49573, of the same ancestry as Dame Buttercup, has been used for the dairy cow?, and a few of 248 SHORTHOHX HKUDS OF ENGLAND. the pedigree cattle, but many of the latter have been sent over to the Oxford bull at Beau Manor. Two calves seen under cover are from the Placi*, and Red Rose cow, the former is very pretty, and of a taking colour. The heifers comprise the truly made Countess Lucy, out of Countess 6th, considered the best of the group ; Countess of Paris, bought at Dingley Grange, and by the Grand Duke of Waterloo 34077 : and last but not least impoi tant is Duchess Carolina 5th, a well bred Craggs, fiorn Mr. Fisher's. When Mr. Humphreys took over the management of the Beau Manor Estate in 1850, he found Bess, said to have been bought by Mr. Dawson, Whatton House, Loughborough, from Mr. Parkinson, of Ley Fields, and afterwards purchased by Mr. Herrick at the Whatton sale. Mr. Humphreys never saw anv pedigree belonging to her, but she was undeniably a thoroughly well bred animal ; she bred at Bsau Manor a cow calf (also called Bess) by a bull bred by Lord Howe, of Gopsall, and understood by Mr. Humphreys to have been by 2nd Duke of Oxford 9046 ; from this origin the Bess tribe of the Beau Manor herd are descended, and during the period of 36 years which has elapsed since that dite, he has reared a most numerous family of useful large-framed dairy-like cattle for Mrs. Perry-Herrick, the present owner, although occasionally the name of Bess has been substituted by some other, but in late years all the female produce have had numerals added to the original, until 83 is the last recorded in the private Herd Book, and 56 the grand total of the females. "We have the pleasure of roaming amongst the dairy cattle in the park, which are found as before mentioned, with laige frames, and good udders, showing the excellent results of using shorthorn bulls to ordinary cattle; unfortunately the heifers were so widely scattered, that the time at our disposal would not permit us to visit them ere returning to Loughborough, but if their sires have been equal to the handsome yearling, Duke of Harrington 14th 52774, bred at Holker, a son of Grand Duke 46th 49671, and Countess of Harrington 8th, purchased to assist Oxford de Vere 5th 48397, bred by the Duke of Manchester, and bought for IBOgs. at the Sholebroke sale, previously SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 249 having been hired for service in Mr. Oliver's herd. For the tenants on the estate, Gay Oxford 51294, bred at Beau Manor, and by Duke of Oxford 47th 41414, out of Gay lass 5th, a very serviceable looking animal, is retained. When Mr. Humphreys came in 1850, he found in service, Gopsall, whose parentage was supposed to be as previously mentioned, and in the next ten years the following sires followed each other, viz. Mr. E. Stokes' Kingston 2nd 8368 ; Dusty (a son of Mr. Bates' Second Duke of Oxford 9046), Doctor, bred at Holker, Salopian 39076 (a son of Mr. Bolden's May Duke 13320), whose daughters combined the two great essentials of milk and flesh in an especial degree ; and Fancy Boy (by The Squire 12217), bred at Panton. After the purchase of Zodiac 17628, and Archduke 37738, in 1860 and 1862, a decided inclination to the use of males containing more or less of Bates blood, is observed by the purchases after that date. Bidclenham was resorted to in 1864 and 1867, when two Gwynne sons of Fifth Grand Duke 19875, and Second Duke of Thorndale 17748, were obtained ; Gaddesby next furnished Duke of Magdala 28418, of the Duchess Nancy tribe, and Burghley, Duke of Elvira 30950, a son of Mr. Cheney's Duke of Geneva 9th 28391. The names of Fifth Duke of Wellington 33751, LoidFizclarence 20th 38604, Duke of Worcester 6th 43199, Duke of Oxfoid 47th 41414, and Hindlip Prince 3rd 44940, at once bespeak their breeders and tribes without further comment. The Sandiacres and Fans originate from two cows, daughters of Mr. Wilkinson's Wondeiful 14022, of the Zeal tribe, bought fiom Sandiacie. in November, 1858, and their descendants curiously number exactly eight each. Cows known by the names of Red No e, Dinah, and Bi asshorn, were purchased at the Rev. J. Robinson's sale at Widnetpool in April, 1857, and their offspring have since been classified into the Buttercup, Azalia, and Gay lass families, of which by far the most numerous are the Azalias. Although an outsider might wonder that Mr. Humphreys, when he has purchased so many fashionable bred Bates bulls of late, did not also acquire an occasional female to mate with them, but breeding a herd of good cattle, and trying to keep them up to the standard by the use of 250 S1IOHTIIORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. males of high lineage, and to supply bulls to the neighbouring farmers, has ever been his object, yet on two occasions he introduced fresh families by the purchase of Dolly and Cassandra, of Mr. Adkins' Dido tribe, at the Papillon Hall sale of 1878, and in the following year the dispersion of the Gaddesby herd saw Countess Ketura and Seraphina Duchess, taken possession of by the Agent at Beau Manor; the Didos have multiplied exceedingly, of the later purchases the same cannot be said, but we must not fail to add that the latter are some of the best bred Seraphinas that are to be found in this country, The flock of Leicesters on the estate is considered to be one of the purest of the breed, the present flock has had its record kept as that of the cattle since 1853, when a ram was hired from Mr. Stone of Barrow-on-Soar, and ten theaves bought from Mr. Bradshaw, of the same village, in Leicester Fair : the following year a shearling ram came from Mr. Stone's successor, and in 1M52. and 1863, Messrs. Spencer and Cresswell supplied them on hire. During the next ten years, rams were bought from Mr. J. N. Buckley, in 1*7:!, 15 owes and 2 rams (No. 21 — S2gs.) were purchased at the Rev. George Inge's sale, in 1877 ten Burgess th eaves were bought at Aylesby, and five years later, twenty-nine were added at the dispersion of the Eavenstone flock, while rams have since been hired from Messrs. J. E. Singleton and T. H. Hutchinson, and bought from Messrs. J. Borton, W. Brown, 11. Harrison, and F. J. Jordan. A couple of miles beyond Beau Manor brings us to Maplewell, where Sir W. H. Salt, Bart., has gathered together what may be termed his third collection of shorthorns ; for 1870 witnessed the dispersion of a herd singularly unique in its character, as the thirty- two females sold at an average of =£117 10s. Dd., all belonged to two tiilK's, the Blanches, and Gwynne.s. Again in 1881, Mr. Thornton WM called into requisition, on the removal of the herd from New Parks near the County town, to its present home, and with the exception of five females of the Princess tribe, and an Oxford bull the entire herd was dispersed at £'40 per head less than the previous SHOKTHORS HERDS OF EN 0 LAND. 251 sale, although composed of more fashionable materials, bat the decline in trade had set in, and shorthorns like everything else had to give way to it. The Princesses have been here as elsewhere, great bull breeders, and the five taken to Maplewell in 1881, are now repre- sented by one less than they were five years ago, the oldest, Princess of Maplewell 4th, a fine looking daughter of Duke of Gloucester 5th, and Princess of Blythe,of the much prized highly bred English branch, has her daughter, Princess of Maplewell 7th, by Prince of Maplewell 4th — a son of Duke of Gloucester 5th, and Princess 7th, bought at Underley — along in the same pasture ; having had a calf when only just over two, she is seen under very unauspicious circumstances, still there is hope for the tribe, as both the calves are heifers, from mother and daughter this year, their sire is Fairy Duke 4(5334, a son of Duke of Oxford 32nd, and Dane wort, of the highlybred Fairy branch, of the Old Daisy tribe, used for some time by Sir W. H. Salt. With the exception of the Princesses, the remainder of the females have been purchased during the present and past year, and include two grand heavy fleshed massive Surmise cows from Pool Park, the older Lady Surmise 2nd, having cost her owner four guineas more to repurchase when seven years old, than what he sold her for when a month over two years, surely a gleam of hope here exists. Lady Surmise 3rd is her own sister, bred at Pool Park, the dam having been bought by Mr. R. Blezard in calf at Maplewell ; this family were much admired at his late sale, and made a very satisfactory average. Maplewell Darling is another of Duke of Gloucester 5th's daughters, and like the older Surmise journeyed forth from her home in 1881, to return last autumn; she is of the same massive proportions as the Surmises, and there can be no doubt that it was far from unwise to take the opportunity of securing the mother and daughter, — the latter is away for service at Beau Manor, and unfortunately unseen when there — when it presented itself. Sir Maplewell Darling, is the name of the produce of Grand Duke 31st, and the Darlington cow ; he is a deep lengthy light roan calf with every appearance of developing into a good bull, and it is the owner's 252 SHORTHORN HERDS OF KNGLAND. intention to us^ him in his herd. Coral Duchess 12th, is a descendant of Sir Charles Knightley's Coral, through her daughter, Charming Girl, and was bred at Brailes, being by Duke of Harrington 13th, now in use at Holker ; she has not the scale of some of the other cows, but the well known aptitude of the Knightleys for milk may have had something to do with this. Duchess Charlotte 7th. a very handsome cow, with a magnificent bosom, and great wealth of flesh, was the highest priced animal at the dispersion of the Althorp herd, where Duchess Charlotte 10th was also bought for Maple well. Lady Blanche 22nd, a pretty arch ribbed light roan, from Pool Park, once more introduces the Blanches into the herd. In addition to the Princess calves, we have a roan out of the Coral Duchess, by Duke of Charmingland 37th, and a pair out of the Duchess Charlottes, prettily and appropiately named Maplewell Masons, the older a very smart calf, and the best of the five. Burghley, one of the few herds in the smallest County in England, has a long history amongst shorthorn breeders, it having been one of the contributors to Mr. Coates' first issue of the herd book. Fashion never reigned supreme at Burghley, but included in the list of sires used by the several noble owners through whose possession the herd has passed was Fourth Duke of Thorndale 17750, bought in 1862 from Mr. E. Hales at 410gs., and re-sold in 1867 at 30gs. advance, to Col. Gunter for the Wetherby herd. During the period of twelve years from 1868 to 1880 upwards of .£4,000 was won in prizes, the name of Telemachus being widely known through- out the civilized world, he and his sons were largely used, and Sea Charmer 52119, the present sire, a good looking young bull, out of dice 2nd, the own sister to the " great " Telemachus, has attracted a very handsome Oxford cow from Kimbolton. The nineteenth sale held at Bu: ghley since 1851 has thinned the herd to small proportions, but the families which have been connected with the place for many years have representatives contained in the select few which have been retained. Two promising heifers are Sea Mist and Petrel, great grand-daughters of Sea Gull, winner of the £50 family prize at Kilburn in 1879, where her son, Telemachus 9th, carried off the SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 253 .£100 Champion for the best male of the breed. The G Wynnes have a roan heifer, out of Goosey Gwynne, who has the blood of the Fourth Duke of Thorndale in her pedigree, previous to reaching old Betty Gwynne, bred at Blencow. From Bmghley we travel onwards to Oakham, and a climb of four miles, brings us to the highest point in the County, and at The Hall Farm, Mr. Willingham Fowler, after rearing one herd, composed largely of the Dewdrops, descended from stock acquired by his father, disposed of in 1875 at the excellent average of f >rty-seven guineas, has now reared a second one composed of two families, but as it is his intention to dispose of the W.'s, it will soon be limited to the Zeals — now about forty in number — descended through the old Lenton stock from the Lady Maynards, which were very early in great repute, and the original cow acquired by Mr. C. Colling from Mr. Maynarcl. was undoubtedly the main scource of Mr. Calling's success as a breeder, and Mr. liobert's testimony to this fact cannot well be set aside, as he is said to have told Mr. Wiley that his own and his brother's cattle were never better than those of other breeders, until they bought Mr. Maynard's two cows, and Mr. Bates wrote, that Mr. Maynard gave him a long pedigree of the cow, Favourite, going back to the time of the murrain in 1745. With Mr. Wilkinson, the Zeals were great favourites, and at his sale in 1854, four daughters of Zeal averaged £95 5s. ; the white Phoenix, making 165, Zealous, 130, and her grandson Splendid (under 13 months), 110 guineas, respectively. The tribe have always been good milkers, and bred freely, and in Mr. Fowler's hands, crossed with some of the best Warlaby sires, will probably breed some good stock, although the land at The Hall Farm is not likely to force them at an early stage, yet it being healthy, the herd will undoubtedly increase quickly, perhaps under the circumstances a little more time given to growth before the heifers produced their first calf would be desirable, the owner's practice being to breed from them at two years old. Mr. Fowler's original acquisition was Zeal 10th — whose dam was bred at Lenton — bought at Shobnall Grange in 1869, she produced 12 calves at 10 births, and their prolific tendencies may be gathered 254 SHOJITHOUX HERDS OF ENGLAND. from /cal 5Sth, being the latest arrival. Regarding Zeal 12th, one of the da.ughl ers of the Shobnall purchase, a curious incident occurred in 1ST!), she was then, with several other cows, including .Flower of York, one of the Aylesby purchases, which had unfortunately diseolated her hip in the autumn of 1877, and had thus become so feeble as to be unable to rise when lying down, that Mr. Fowler had given orders for her removal from the field to be slaughtered, not being about when the butcher arrived to take her away, she was axed in the field, on July 15th, the other cows gathering round the dying animal ; as was natural the owner reproved his man strongly for allowing this to be done, and at the same time told him what he feared would result, viz : that this cow, Zeal 12th, being of so sympathetic a nature, would cast her calf. On August 24th the cow cast her calf, as Mr. Fowler had predicted, it being a roan bull, and within two months of its proper period of gestation, fully developed for its months, and in every way a strong healthy looking calf, but having a hole in its forehead large enough to contain the ends of three fingers, and having three distinct rolls of what appeared to be a mixture of blood and brains, hanging down from the hole to nearly the nose, being altogether the fac-siraile of any beast axed for slaughter. With these facts so concisely recorded by Mr. Fowler, can anvone for a moment have any doubt about the "sympathy" doctrine, and need it be added that the cow never bred again. Zeal 14th, the oldest of the family, is by Duke of Rutland 33726, a combination of Knightley, and Bates blood, and the sire in use at the time of Mr. Fowler's sale, but in the same month, he had been one of the numerous company at Aylesby, and had purchased Burghley 36296, out of Bright Baroness, along with three heifers, the former was extensively used to the Zeals, except when Knave of Trumps 46566, was bought from Mr. Pears, and a little inbreeding has been tried by the owner, he has had a share in the Killerby males hired by his neighbour, Mr. Finder, and now joins him in the hire of Wallace 48879, from Warlaby. The Thirty-fourth, a daughter of the Fourteenth, grazes along side of her, her sire, Knave of Trumps 46566, was bred at Hackthorne, of the same family as SlIOKTHORN1 HERDS OF ENGLAND. the better known Attractive Lord, The Nineteenth. Twenry-fourth, and Twenty-fifth, are all Burghley's daughters, with perhaps the Nineteenth as the best of the trio, and in the Thiity-third we have the result of Zulu King 47310, — a young Zeal bull — being put to a daughter of Burghley. Water King 47278, a home-bred son of one of the Aylesby purchases, has effected a great improvement, the Twenty-fourth, and her produce are of great promise. Returning to the buildings, we find all the calves are by Prince Stuart 45421, and a very stylish dark red out of the Nineteenth is the most to our fancy. Mr. Fouler having some pastures a couple of miles distant, we mount behind an excellent little pony, over 30 yeais of age, which also cariies us safely over to Whitwell next morning. Here the cows and heifers are all hoped to be in calf, and as is to be expected in better bloom than the dairy cows. Duke of Rutland is the sire of a large roomy roan, and "Water King has maintained his merit as a .-ire. by having again the best animal in the field to his credit, in the handsome white Twenty-ninth. AA^ater Flag (the dam of Water King), is in company with her daughter and grand-daughter, but although AVater Fern, by Mr. Pindei's Mantalini bull, Loid Erie . is a fine lengthy level cow, yet there is not the same character displayed as in the older matron, while the youngest by the Killerby M. C. 31 >'^, does not yet show signs of eclipsing either dam or grand-dam in merit. Three miles from Mr. AV. Fo\vler's we find the home of one of the choicest bred Booth herds in the kingdom, belonging to Mr. R. Pinder, bred from purchases made in 1873, and 1876, from Lady Pigot, eailier ones were made from the same breeder, but gradually the families have been reduced to three, but as one of these (of really good old blood tracing back to Mr. Mark S. Stewart's stock), is also to be "• cleared" out, our attention is chiefly devoted to the two noted tribes that are to be the occupants of the Whitwell pastures. Dame Prudence, and her heifer," Dame Prim, by the Bracelet bull Con- stellation 28243, were the purchases of the Farewell tribe in J -74. and although Lady Pigot retained females of this branch there are how no other specimens in the Kingdom, except those posse-s^d by 256 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. Mr. Finder; they are the most line bred of any of the Farewells, and likewise are the Mantalinis at "Whitwell, yefc from the purchase of a cow and heifer in 1873, and a cow in. 1876, are descended fifteen, and eighteen female descendants. According to certain individuals in this country, it should be about time for the tribes to have gradually died out, especially when the close breeding of Lady Pigot's sires at Branches Park is considered, and Mr. Pinder's first male used to the Farewells, vvas Fiery Star 33914, a son of Opoponax, out of a Bythis cow, both the mother and daughter were in calf to these bulls when they came to AYhitwell, Dame Hope, and Dame Prude being the result, instead of the Dames, and Victorias (the style of names used by Lady Pigot, are still continued by Mr. Pincler, and it may almost be considered a second Branches herd) decreasing, they have multi- plied exceedingly. In a great measure we have no doubt, owing to the natural breeding state the cows and heifers are reared, and after- wards treated by the owner, in reality they take the place of ordinary cross bred cattle, and if the possessors of all line bred animals would treat them not as mere toys, but as useful dairy and flesh forming cattle, to be reared for the improvement of both English and Foreign herds, as there can be no doubt that the purest bred tribes leaves the greatest trace behind them of the good properties of the family, as witness the influence of the Warlaby and Duchess sires in bygone days. Victoria Pulcherrima, the original purchase, has departed, and left five daughters to mourn her ^ss. All have proved heifer breeders, the oldest, Victoria La Belle, having had the very hand- some Victoria La Bonne, to the Aylesby Burghley 36296 ; Victoria La Grande, and Victoria Matchless, promising young cows, to M. C. 31898. The second daughter of Victoria Pulcherrima, has had the white Victoria La Blanche, and the roan Victoria Beautiful, by the same Killerby sire. The third, Victoria Eubra, has bred one of the very best of the heifers to King of Trumps 31512, in addition to two other daughters. The fourth, Victoria Fulva, is both lengthy and level, and the last, Victoria Graceful, has not long had her first born. Daine Prim, thirteen years of age, and the mother of a dozen SHOKTIIOHN HKRDS OF ENGLAND. 257 Farewells of both sexes, is a handsome cow of large scale, possessing considerable dairy properties, and has four heifers in the herd. Dame Pride has bred nothing but males, while her older sister, Dame Lively has had three of the opposite sex, Dames Frolic, Gambol, and Gaily. The rightly named Dame Graceful, is the youngest of the five, excepting the red calf. Dame Prudence, after coming to Whitwell , bred but two heifers, but from the younger, Dame Mary, by Lady Pigot's Eoyal Warrior 354-15, we only find descendants ; her daughter, Dame Durden, is the same good sort as Dame Prim; and her produce, Dame Mischief, has bred Nonsuch, the highest priced lot at the last Lincoln sale. Dame Frisk, a well ribbed young cow, with nice head and horn is half sister to Dame Mischief, and the dam of Valiant, a lengthy straight youngster. Lastly we have Wallace 48899 (a son of Eoyal Stuart 40646, and Winifred), the first Warlaby sire that has been hired by Messrs. Fowler and Pinder, he is a bull of large scale and great substance, and will doubtless help the Farewells and Mantalinis,to retain their apparently present sound constitutions, but an accident to his shoulder detracts greatly from his appearance. Previously M. G. 31398, King of Trumps 31512 and Prince Stuart 45421, had been hired from Killerby, betwixt the use of Burghley, and Wallace's arrival. CHAPTER X. The Nottinghamshire Herds. — Ruddington Hall. — Spring Hill.— Otsbertun Hall. — Hcaddon Manor. — Clipstone Park. — Ossington. — Derbyshire Herds. — Stancliffe. — Sydnope Hall. — Hasland Hall. — Cambridgeshire Herds. — Linton. — Littleport. — Alwalton. Four miles from the lace capital is Euddington Hall, the residence of Mr. Philo L. Mills^ whose name has been by no means an unfrequent one amongst the list of purchases during the last three or four years, although it is really nine years ago since Mr. Mills first began breeding at Wilford. It was not until he removed to Euddington that he had sufficient accommodation for a fair sized 258 SHORTHORN HKRDS OF ENGLAND. herd, and certainly the buildings he has erected are highly finished, and worth an inspection, especially what is known as Easthorpe barn ; this building is 105 feet, by 72, and has a spacious " cellarage " to accommodate roots, and silage, while the chaffing and pulping is also done down below. The first floor is arranged for a granary, the loft over the same containing the hay and straw. On the right of the granary floor are five bull boxes, with small open yards attached thereto, and on the left is a lean-to with standing for eighteen head of cattle. Both the bulls and cows are fed f rom shoots on the main floor (a small tramway has naturally been laid for greater convenience), where also are windows enabling the owner to have a quiet stroll under cover on a wet day, and thus see the larger part of his herd without disturbing them. This handsome looking building is sur- rounded by a large yard, with an open shed, 25 feet span, a range of loose boxes, calf houses, boiler house, &c. The buildings are capable of holding sixty head of cattle, while the hay when secured is placed in Dutch barns. The first purchase made for what is now the Ruddington herd was Blanche 8th, bred at Maplewell, a massive thick cow, with what the owner terms an iron constitution ; she has bred regularly, and is still to be seen, although passed her twelfth year. One of her first produce, Lady Blanchette, by Mr. R. E. Oliver's Grand Duke 27th, is a cow of great merit, far surpassing her dam for style, she has followed the old cow's good example in breeding well, so that now the Blanches are the most numerous family at Ruddington. The younger members by their names, Oxford Blanches, and Rosedale Blanches, denote the breeding of their sires, two of the oldest heifers we learn have since found a purchaser with several others to go to South America. The most important purchase was made by Mr. Mills, when Grand Duchess of Oxford 34th was bought atHolker, she is lengthy and well formed, with a beautiful head and horn, but her hindquarters are getting " cushioned " like so many of the elder Grand Duchesses of Oxford we have seen on the shores of Morecambe Bay, as the owner has not had the best of luck with her progeny, we welcome the news of the arrival of Oxford Duke of Rosedale. SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 259 Nothing daunted by the ill success with his first Oxford, the dispersion of the Rowfant herd saw Mr. Mills again a purchaser of the tribe in the shape of Viscountess Oxford 5th, of the much coveted Lady Oxford branch, already the owner is rewarded for his venture with a red cow calf, sired by his Duke of Rosedale 19th 49479, and the cross appears to have suited, from the appearance of the young Oxford. Dowager 3rd, bred at Berkeley, was passed on to Underley, and there bought for ITOgs., her first calf after winning second at the Yorkshire Meeting, has already found a purchaser to go out of the country ; the new arrival, a red heifer, is to be named Dowager of Connaught, and with such a beautiful type of a shorthorn for its mother, something very sweet and pretty may be expected if she takes after the example of her older sisters seen at Underley. Darlington Duchess 5th, accompanied Dowager 3rd, from West- morland, and Duchess Darlington 7th, was bought as long ago as Mr. Loder's sale, previously she had been a winner at the Oxfordshire Meeting. From Whittlebury, Grand Duchess Acomb 4th, a very purely bred specimen and the best of the tribe — in fact we never observe Mr. Mills a bidder at anything except about the best of the family — came in company with the last mentioned Darlington, while Woodside furnished a very handsome young cow in Lady Oxford Rosy, a grand-daughter of Mr. Sartoris' Polythorn. The only other Knightleys are the Furbelows, Knightley Queen, Lally Queen, and Rosedale Queen, mother and daughters ; the heifers are pretty, and the cow apparently an excellent breeder, was obtained at Uffington, where the dark red Duchess Wetherby Waterloo, the dam of Oxford Wetherby Waterloo, an excellent calf so far as present appearances must decide, and Baroness Wild Eyes 2nd, as well as a couple of Craggs were obtained, one thing noticeable amongst the Uffington purchases are their milk giving capacities. Sweetheart 47th, a pretty red two year old had come from Audley End, with Sweetheart 45th, the latter being intended for the dairy farm, which is quite separate from the shorthorn establishment on the estate, and from whence sixty gallons of milk are supplied daily to Nottingham. Thorndale Rose 22nd, the 405 guinea purchase at Lord Braybrooke's, 260 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. is the only cow of note not mentioned. It seems all sufficient to say- she had Duke of Con naught for sire ; at the Audley End sale, her yearling son, Duke of Eosedale 19th 49479, a handsome red, very straight and wide on his top, deep in his flank, and good in his thigh, with plenty of substance, and fine masculine head and horn, was greatly admired, and he now reigns at Euddington, although after the Sandringham representative was beaten off, Mr. B. L. Barrow was the actual purchaser, but the negotiations between him and Mr. Mills induced the former to transfer him at 300gs. to the bujer of his dam. Duke of Oxford 59th 46261, came as a young calf from Holker with the Oxford cow, he is nearly five years old, a good dark and a massive sappy bull, and the sire of a lot of stylish young stock. The herd numbers between forty and fifty head, with every promise of continuing to increase. The herbage is apparently well suited for pedigree stock, and every care will be taken of them by the owner and his herdsman, many of the pastures containing useful sheds, in addition to the excellent accommodation already noted at the main homestead. The name of Mr. Richard Gibson is probably better known to breeders than his brother, Mr. A. S. Gibson, of Spring Hill, near to Bulwell, but the latter is quietly gathering the nucleus of a good herd together, not many miles across country from Euddington. Hey do n Eose 13th, a wealthy young cow, came from Audley End, and has since had a red cow calf, by Mr. Titley's Oxford King 51814. Devon Princess Gwynne, a fine old white of the Eougholm branch, was bred at Pilton. Another good cow is Tregunter's Farewell, with thiee Wetherby Duke crosses upon Col. Townley's Frederick's Farewell, of the Vestris tribe ; a daughter and grand-daughter, by Major Chaffey's Wild Duke of Eosedale 2nd 48948, are in the same pasture. Mr. Gibson's show cow, Queen of Stroxton, is unable to be seen as she is away for service at Limber Magna. Waterloo Count 4th, of the highest bred branch of the Waterloos, hailing from Harewoods, reigns at the head of the Spring Hill herd, included in which is an attractive Thorndale Eose heifer, hailing from Audley End, like the Heydon Eose. SHORTHORN HERDS OF EXGLA.ND. 261 With but three months hardly elapsed since one half of a herd has been dispersed, it is usually not seen at its best, but little difference is made to the character of Mr. F. J. S. Foljambe's Osberton herd, as when he offered the public his thirty seven females in May, the majority were of but four tribes, the Cressidas being offered in their entirety. The Farewells with the Cambridge Duke 4th cross; Brights of Aylesby fame: and Sweethearts, were all dispersed, excepting half-a-dozen. Osberton, has been known for its shorthorns many years, but the present collection were founded on the purchase of three specimens of the Sweetheart tribe at Edenbridge in 1 870, and two cows and three calves retained from the dispersion of the late Mr. G. S. Foljambe's stock in 1870. After using Knight of the Bath 26546, the Royal winner at Leicester and Manchester, re- tained from the old herd, Killerby was resorted to, and Titan 35805, hired from Mr. John B. Booth. Warlaby afterwards supplied Sir Andrew 42387, and Prince Albert Victor 40479 ; at the same time the home bred Bright Helm 44455, and Mr. H. Aylmer's Lord Remus 46699, were in service. Riby King 48575, from the 1,200 guinea Riby Marchioness, had been hired from Artfert previous to the sale, and we now find another Irish bred bull in residence, when in commencing our tour of the cattle we are taken to the males as a preliminary. Bright Prince 49191, a neat bull of excellent quality, is out of the own sister to the better known Bright Helm, and Caesar Augustus 50941, a red son of Lord Provost 46697, is from one .of Mr. Welsted's Booth crossed Cowslips, having three Warlaby and a Mantalini cross on this good old blood, he is a compact fleshy good coloured bull, likely to keep the markings fashionable, as in the list of sires used by Mr. Foljambe since 1870, we find no trace of a red having been in service. Exhibiting has been carried on in connection with the Osberton herd, both as regards what are known as breeding shows, and the fat stock ones. Second in the family class at the Yorkshire Meeting at Selby was won with Circassian Slave, and her three heifers, and when the Royal held its Meeting at York a third was obtained for the Cressida cow bought at Storrs, and her three dau^hiei s. Mnnv 2f>2 SHORTHORN HERDS OP ENGLAND. other single prizes have been gained from time to time, but we consider that far greater value should be attached to family and group prizes, than is at present done by the Royal and County Societies, if, excepting one or two, their prize lists are any criterion ; an individual may piodnce a single good animal by accident, but it takes a breeder to produce a good family. As Queen Esther and her half-sister, My rah, are the only two left of either of the show families, we will give them first notice, the former a grand heifer, first as a yearling at the Yorkshire, had to be withdrawn from the sale through an accident, but it will be long ere the younger sister has the good points of Queen Esther. Pauline 27th, the youngest of the half dozen bought at Mr. How's sale in May, 1885, is the first female seen ; out of the eight offered on that occasion, excepting two, all came to Osberton, in the future they will take rank as one of the leading families. Paulines 17th, 21st, 23rd, and 24th, are a fine lot of cows, worthy the foundation of any leading tribe. Bright Pixie, is a promising calf by Mr. Welsted's bull, from Bright Fairy, the hopes of the famous Aylesby Brights being now centred in this heifer and her mother. The Sweethearts are restricted to a Caesar Augustus calf and its dam, a very neat young cow, and Sweetheart 50th, a daughter of Riby King and one of the cows sold at the sale. The Farewells retained, were all minus the Bates cross excepting October Rose, considered to be rather doubtful, but now believed to be in calf. The three half-sisters, Winter Rose, Perpetual Rose, and Easter Rose, with the two daughters of the oldest, a well bred group of Farewells, coming into Mr. Foljambe's possession at Mr. Lynn's sale, through the purchase of Clematis, when passed her fifteenth year, she after- wards bred three calves, the youngest, Autumn Rose, by the Killerby M. P. 29398, is the dam of the three sisters. Mr. Foljambe has obtained a branch of the tribe which when better known will be enquired after, as Clematis, although by Earl Howe's Sir John 12084, was out of Farewell's daughter, Clementina, and consequently they are of one of the choicest branches of this numerous and popular tribe. May Morning and May Pole, are the only pair left of a Mason family that ha/ve been at Osberton several generations. SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 263 Pysche, another Mason, but tracing to No. 13, Chilton sale has had Perdita, since coming from Acton Burnell. The short pure Booths are well represented by Madrigal, a good arch ribbed cow, and the Georgie, Proud Maisie, from the banks of the Kibble, the latter's calf, Proud Monarch, is looked forward to being of future assistance to Caesar Augustus and Bright Prince. The cows are a grand lot, including the four Paulines already mentioned, but one of the best is not before us until Wave Echo, the 205 guinea Barmoor heifer is reached, she is very level, and will grow into a handsome cow worthy of the best of her tribe. Lady of the Mead, a beautiful crossed Booth on Mason, is also of Mr. Meade-Waldo's breeding, and her yearling daughter, Lady of the Locket, is very pretty, but of hardly sufficient size. Four miles on the opposite side of Retford to Osberton is The Grove, and Mr. F. W. Park, the owner of the herd of shorthorns and shires, first began breeding the " red white and roan " by purchasing Girdle, a Knightley Walnut, from Mr. Gerald Barton. Shortly afterwards Carperby was visited, when Bridal Wreath, and Windsor's Red Eose, as the result came southwards, and the Carperby Roses have been very prolific, more than compensating for the absence of descendants from Bridal Wreath. Rosy, by the Aylesby Fair Thane 31127, from Windsor's Red Rose, is the fiist of the herd that we are shown ; she shows nice character, but has not the great scale and substance of her younger half sister. Highland Rose, also by an Aylesby bred sire, and this time none other than the much admired 700 guinea calf, Balmoral 30151, bought by the Rev. J. N. Micklethwait, sold for 505gs. after his owner's death to go to Lethenty ; it was when in Norfolk that Mr. Park sent several cows to him, and Highland Rose and Aylesby Walnut — a red and little white cow seen on returning to The Grove — are excellent rewards for the trouble. Fawsley Gem, the last of the two, is a combination of the Walnut and Carperby Rose families, having Balmoral as grandsire on both dam and sire's side. Knight of St. John 53093. a red and white yearling son of Mina, is running with half a dozen Rose heifers, a Walnut, and a W. : 204 SHORTHORN HERDS OF KNOLAXD. excepting one, all are of King Ludovie's get, he was also out of a Royal Benedict cow, and was hired from Warlaby by Mr. Park, who had previously had King Roderick 44999, from the headquarters of Booth breeders. Our favourite is the rightly named Queen of the Roses, from White Rose. Bright Rose, Rosey Morn, and Rose, are from half sisters to White Rose, and form a pretty group as they stand quietly together on a slight eminence, as it were desiring admiration. Driving to a distant homestead of Mr. Park's, Midland Rose, a young King Roderick cow, from Highland Rose, is of quite the Warlaby type, and in her companionship is Straw- berry Duchess 17th, from West Dereham, which has recently had a cow calf taking after the colour of its sire, King Ludovic. Return- ing to The Grove, there is the capital red and white Walnut already mentioned ; Weal Fancy, a Fair Thane cow, out of the Aylesby pur- chase : the half sisters, M. P.'s Rose of the Hills, not too large but well put together, and White Rose, the mother of the heifers previously seen. Headdon Manor, a few miles distant, will in the future be known as the home of The Grove herd and stud, as well as their owner, Mr. Park, who has since acquired what he considers a most suitable holding for this purpose. Clipstone in the past, has been as unfamiliar a name as an abode of cattle eligible for Coates', to shorthorn ears, as His Grace the Duke of Portland has been as a breeder of them, but under the management of Mr. H. Woods, both are likely to attain a reputation amongst future generations. Welbeck, as naturally might be supposed is however not the home of the herd, but its location is at the Clipstone Park and Newlands Farms, eight miles from the Abbey, and four from Mansfield. About 2,000 acres are in hand around Clipstone, where Mr. Woods resides, and 2,000 at Welbeck, both being however under his management. The shorthorns in so large a concern have not the undivided attention they enjoy at many places, but since 1878 when the first purchases were made something like 249 prizes and commendations have been won, so it is evident the energetic manager takes considerable interest in them, as extra- vagant prices have never been paid for females so it is clearly SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 2C5 through good judgement, and judicious management, that the present success of the herd has been attained. A ten minutes walk from Cavendish Lodge across regular burnt up pastures brings us to half- a-dozen cows. Network, a grand-daughter of the famous Telemachus, is the first to greet us, with her full deep bosom, and grand wide loin. Lady Siddington, with the Rev. P. Graham's Baron Turncroft Siddington 37823, for sire, is a lengthy good cow showing plenty of size, and has proved herself a good breeder, Lady Ottoline, the Reserve at both the recent Newcastle and York Meetings, and Lady Montague, a last year's winner, being from her. Queen of the Cressidas 2nd, a roan with beautiful shoulders, is of the Warlaby Farewell tribe, through Farewell's grand-daughter Cressida. Then we have what in the height of her fame must have been a very handsome cow, as her shapely forequarters testify, this is Georgina 2nd, thirteen years old in December, bred by Sir George Woomb well, Bart, and one of the first purchases made for the herd at the end of 1878, she has been an excellent breeder, and the name of Georgina has of late been pretty familiar to frequenters of show yards, her three daughters having followed the example of their dam by all beina: prize winners. Vesper Bell, and Vesper Bell 2nd, as their names imply, stand in the relation of mother and daughter to each other, but no guide to the good old family — Mr. Ben Wilson's Certaintys — they belong, can be gathered, by either the experienced or inexper- ienced. Milk seems to be tlae forte of the Vesper Belles rather than flesh forming qualities, a white daughter of the younger cow is the first to be pointed out in another paddock, where eight matrons are gathered together, and hares are even more plentiful than shorthorns in the by no means extensive enclosure. Medina, one of the oldest of Grand Ruth's daughters, is an excellent four year old, well girthed, very straight on her top, ribs nicely arched, and her shoulders do not appear as if added to her carcase after being made, as we once heard a gentleman remark of a certain famous bull in the days of old, when contemplating his picture. Georgina 3rd, a wonderfully pretty cow, carries herself in queenly style, but she lacks length like her son, Sir Gerald, the Yorkshire winner, Harmony, a straight 266 SHORTHORN HERDS OE ENGLAND. useful cow, is better adapted for the pail than her younger half- sister Melina, which is also understood to be a good dairy cow, und another good looking daughter of Grand Ruth's is Victoria 2nd, tracing many generations ago to Mr. Booth's Bright Eyes, exhibited four times in 1884, she was placed at the head of her class on every occasion, so it is sufficient to say she lacks not the size of the exhibits sent forth from Clipstone. Ruby Rose 2nd, deep framed and well ribbed, with Mr. Lythall's Paragon 40440, for sire, has more Bates blood in her veins than any of the families in the herd, Oxford Rose 10th, her dam having been bred by Sir W. G. Armstrong, and tracing to Col. Gunter's Oxford Rose. In the intervening pasture, are Lady Montague and Network 4th, half-sisters, the latter a grand dark roan is worthy of her sire, and the family originally obtained from Mr. C. W. Griffin. Returning to Clipstone, we are soon on the way to Newlands, about two miles distant, crops are by no means abundant, the want of rain not having suited the sandy soils bordering on Sherwood Forest, 500 lambs in one pasture look well — the flock numbers between 5,000 and 6,000 of all ages — in the absence of even a moderate quantity of herbage. The buildings when reached are found snugly situate in a valley almost bordering on the Forest, where a nice lot of Shropshire ewes are running on some of the low marshy ground in the days, here at any rate there appears some symptoms of natural green food. Queen of the Cressidas, the matron of the herd, holds quite a levee in the yard with her daughters and grand-daughter surrounding hsr, and her last born, a white, is in a box close at hand, inclined to be more leggy than her like coloured companions out of Lady Emily, — a cow that is intended to be sold, so not mentioned — and Georgina 4th, but it is intimated that several of the family have been so inclined in their younger days, but after- wards grow in the right direction, no one can find fault with the grand old cow in this respect, she first attracted the notice of Mr. Wood's uncle — who had the management of the Osberton herd — at the Childwick Hall sale, where he was Mr. Budding's opponent, and when the Panton cattle came into the market, he secured her for SHOKTHORN HEKDS OF EiNGLAND. 267 Clipstone. Queen of the Cressidas 3rd, a very handsome roan, stands alongside her dam, no doubt Mr. Woods had good reason for withholding her from the Show Yard this season, otherwise if she had been sent forth to champion the herd in the place of Lady Ottoline, we consider that Mr. Hutchinson's cows would have found a stronger opponent. The next member of the family is a white of splendid quality out of the oldest daughter of Mr. Fawcett's cow, but she will never attain the grandeur possessed by Queen of the Cressidas. Concert, one of the deepest milkers in the herd, not individually so good looking as the Farewells, has bred two prize winning bulls and Lady Craven — winner at both the Lincolnshire and Notts Meetings, but unfortunately just too old to compete in the calf class at the Yorkshire — quite the most promising heifer Mr. Woods has in hand for next season, if she retains her present evenness she will want a lot of beating. Ruby Rose, own sister to the already mentioned Ruby Rose 2nd, a short legged breeding like cow, was the mother of Sir Redvers, the highest priced of the young bulls sent to Bingley Hall in March, and Sir Stafford, a first prize bull at the Lincoln sale of 1886, as well as making the second highest figure in the Ox yard. Network 2nd, has the same graceful head and horn as the old cow, resembling her also in other respects, but the daughter stands on shorter legs ; then the younger sister, Network 3rd, comes forward to show her good qualities. Walking through the calf pens, the latest arrival is out of Lady Lonsdale, forty-eight hours old. A roan, full brother to Sir Redvers, appears likely for sustaining Ruby Rose's reputation as a bull breeder. The white heifers have already been mentioned, except we must add that Georgina 4th's is considered the best. After seeing Lady Craven, the red Georgina 6th, very attractive and stylish, is before us, and then in turn we have the rest of the show cattle brought forth, and quite a County Meeting is held on a piece of well trimmed turf, near the buildings, Vesper Bell 7th, Harmonia, and Network 5th, are the first heifers of Wanderer's get, the Certainty lacks the great flesh forming properties of the Clipstone exhibits; Harmonia, in worse company would have been noted as " good," but Network 5th wins with 268 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. much more than a "neck" to spare; she ran Mr. Thompson's Inglewood Gem right closely at York for premier honours, and will be heard of again in coming years. Then the two year olds are brought forward, Georgina 5th, a wonderfully massive heifer, and the biggest in her class at Newcastle, making with Ranby Rose 2nd, — another of the same substantial stamp, deep before, well covered over the crops, and wide across the loins, — the pair exhibited during the past season, a credit to any breeder who mated the sire and dams that produced them. Lady Lonsdale, of the same family as Lady Craven, is of excellent quality, with a wonderfully good front, and although not four till October has had her second live calf, so even exhibiting and breeding apparently go together when under good management. Georgina 4th — own sister to Georgina 5th — although not shown this season, is quite in fit order to enter the lists ; her shape is not so perfect as that of her younger sister, as she is deficient in her hindquarters like several of Grand Ruth's daughters, but the Booth blood introduced through Wanderer appears likely to effect an improvement in this respect. Lady Ottoline, a ladylike lengthy light roan, is as already mentioned not the equal of Queen of the Cressidas 3rd. With Elvina, a handsome large red and white — the second prize heifer at the York Royal, where she met with an accident to her hocks when shunting on her return journey — and her promising little calf by Sir Gerald, we conclude the female portion of the herd. Grand Ruth 43469, bought at Bingley Hall in 1882 when highly commended in a large class, has been successful not only as a sire, but in the show yards, where he was placed second at York in 1883, and only last autumn he managed to separate Mr. Handley's two bulls at Sheffield. Many breeders have admired the fine handsome white, and now his son, Sir Gerald, out of Georgina 3rd, will come in for a share of the admiration bestowed on his sire, although the latter is still at Newlands, but the work of maintaining the credit of the stock sires during the present season has been left to his son, who from gradually rising from third place at the Yorkshire in 1885, to second at their next meeting, has now advanced to not only the SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. first in his class, but Reserve for the Championship ; he is a short legged massive bull of good quality, and will probably mate well with the majority of the Clipstone cows as they are possessed of immense size, while in this point he is found wanting. Wanderer 50622, the third sire, was bred by Messrs. Mitchell, at Alloa, and belongs to the Aylesby W. tribe, being sired by the Warlaby Eoyal Studley 45548, from Weal Branch, a grand-daughter of Weal Graft, bought at the dispersion of the late Mr. Torr's cattle. He is a rich roan, full of quality, and of masculine appearance, with shoulders sloping well back into a thick chine. The Ossington herd although founded many years ago, was destroyed at the time of the cattle plague in 1866, excepting Coburg 19466, bred at Holker, the sire then in service. The late Lord Ossington, not disheartened by the loss he had sustained almost immediately began visiting many of the leading herds with Mr. T. Camm (the present manager of the seventy head of pedigree cattle, belonging to Viscountess Ossington), while the latter went in for both quality and beauty of outline, he never lost sight of thb milking properties of the animals to be purchased, as the herd — which excepting the sire in use have all been bred on the farm — had to be treated as a general purpose or milk producing one. In the autumn of 1868, when Mr. Camm attended the first of Mr. Stiles Eich's sales at Didmarton, he visited Mr. Thompson's little herd at Badminton on the following day, and found Duke of Hazlecote 25969, a very promising youngster on hire from Kingscote, which he eventually purchased, as well as five cows and heifers from Mr. Thompson, the decendants of two of them have multiplied exceedingly, and the Coquettes and Clotildes, are very numerous, the former are of the same descent as the once high priced G-azelles, and the latter trace to the old Strickland blood well known in Gloucestershire. In 1871, the most important purchases were made, Duke of Oxford 21st 30999, being bought at Holker, he turned out exceedingly well, and was the principal stock sire for ten years, his sons from various families, year after year serving the heifers and he the cows, thus naturally with so much close breeding, a strong family resem- 270 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. blance pervades the herd. Excepting when Pretty Maid 3rd (a daughter of Duke of Oxford 21st), was sent to Mr. Holford's Grand Duke 23rd 34036, and the produce, Sherwood Chieftain 39088, used in the herd, no fresh blood was introduced until 1883, when Baron Oxford 17th 49091, was bought at the last Holker sale, and he still reigns at Ossington, having developed into a good masculine like animal, and proved a good stock getter, he is assisted by young home bred males when required, so it is evident Mr. Camm intends to show his visitors animals of a still mo^e uniform type in future years. If many other breeders would thus go in for breeding with certain defined objects in view, it would not tend to deteriorate the shorthorn breed. The Blanches came with the first Oxford bull from Holker, and the original purchase bred a couple of sires for the herd. In the same year, Pretty Maid, Admiration, and Baby, came from the prize winning herd at Pan ton, and descendants are now found from each of them at Ossington, while the Amelias, a good dairy family, originated from Coleby Hall. Seven young cows and heifers, purchased from the late Mr. Isaac Sharpley, of Colcethorpe, near Louth, out of a well bred herd of cattle, but with only short recorded pedigrees, have like many more of the same class proved themselves a rent paying sort. The breeding of serviceable young bulls is one of the main objects of the herd, for which Mr. Camm states he has a steady and regular demand, very few having to be sold in public, although the only calf sent to the last Lincoln Bull sale carried off first honours. The owner of the Stancliffe herd has a name known far outside the quiet Derbyshire Dale, where he has begun a comparatively new herd during the past three or four years under the management of Mr. Dawson. A successful sale was held in 1873, when Mr. Strafford made nearly fifty-five guineas of the fifty-three head. Afterwards several purchases were made at Graddesby, and Holker, but their descendants are restricted to a promising young Cleopatra cow ; and her yearling son, a good looking animal, is intended to cross the Oxford heifer recently bought at Langleybury, which if fortunate SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 271 should prove a great bargain, as for so good and highly bred a heifer she was one of the cheapest Oxfords sold for some time. It is hardly possible that the use of so highly bred a bull as Oxford's Coriolanus, can lessen the value of the tribe in the future when we hear so much of fresh innovation of blood wanted in many of the leading tribes, but the public are not yet disposed to pay for a breeder's experiments in this direction, unless they are accompanied by success. Certainly the Cleopatras occupisd a place in the Holker herd for many years, which adds to their prestige, but they have never risen to be so fashionable as their breeding merits. Oxford's Coriolanus, after having Duke of Oxford 61st for sire, has for grandsire, a Waterloo bred at Stancliffe, followed by those illus- trious names, 5th Duke of Wetherby, 4th Baron Oxford, Grand Duke 10th, and Lord Oxford, in direct succession, the rest of the males having some of the best blood in earlier years in their veins. The Preston Hall and Wateringbury sales in the summer of 1884, supplied no less than five incalf cows and heifers, which now form the greater part of the little herd in Darley Dale. Havering Lily 15th, represents the Lady Valiants formerly in the present owner's possession. Havering Ruby 2nd, and Havering Gwynne 9th, have each had a nice heifer to Duke of Cornwall 3rd 44665, the former one of the best in the field will grow into a very handsome cow. Countess 13th came with Bracelet 30th from Wateringbury, the Charmer has had a couple of heifers named Stancliffe Charmers, one by Messrs. Leney's Duchess bull, and the other by Duke of Oxford 61st, used previously to the purchase of Duke of Ormskirk 6th, a highly bred pure Duke of Lord Lathom's. Red Rose of Hindlip 15th, a grand-daughter of the imported Red Rose of Tweedale, is hardly so even as Stancliffe Ruby ; and lastly, Duchess of Cleve- land 3rd, a handsome grand-daughter of Maid of Lorn, sold in 1873 for 215gs. to Mr. W. Ashburner, was bought at Hindlip for a little more than one third the money. In passing the churchyard at Darley, when driving down the Dale from Stancliffe, we are pointed out a magnificent yew, one of the oldest in the country— said to be from 1200 to 2000 year* 272 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. giowth — if not also the largest. Climbing upwards, a couple of miles brings us to Sydnope Hall, where unfortunately, Mr. B. Langdale Barrow, the owner of both the estate and a choice herd of shorthorns, has been called away to London. In wandering round the pastures, situate at a height of 800 feet above sea level, we have the guidance of the herdsman, William Ward — a son of the Ward whose figure twenty years ago in the show ring was almost sufficient to assure the rest of the competitors that no blue ribbon awaited them — well versed in the names and history of the animals. It is necessary that cattle reared on the Derbyshire hills must possess both hair and constitution, and on the advice of one well known in shorthorn circles, and also on account of their breeding, Mr. Barrow attended the memorable " Old Daisy " sale held in 1879, at Pencraig Court, when half the herds belonging to the Rev. W. Holt Beever and Mr. J. A. Rolls, made an average of within a couple of shillings of 100 guineas for the 36 cows and heifers. The purchases made consisted of Mercia 2nd, and Early Morn ; Royal Bijou, and Royal Bijou 3rd, own sisters, by Mr. Foster's Royal Cumberland 27358 ; and a two months calf, out of Charming Blush, bought by Lord Fitzhardinge the same day for 350. Naturally a sire is quite as important as buying good females, arid 22nd Duke of Oxford 31000, was selected after several years service at Killhow, whence followed 50th Duke of Oxford 43121, and then in place of buying Holker bred bulls from other breeders, Mr. Barrow went straight to the fountain head, and bought llfh Duke of Barrington 44652, which has left some nice young cows behind him. While purchasing such well bred sires, Mr. Barrow had not neglected buying occasional highly bred females, specially must be noted his purchase of Violet, at the dispersion of the Graddesby herd, and Banewort, privately from Mr. J. H. Blundell. Both were bred by Archdeacon Holbech, and were two of the half dozen of the Fairy branch of the Old Daisies that averaged ^£194 5s. at his sale in 1877. Mr. Barrow is justly provd of the breeding of this particular branch. Old Daisy, the dam of Fairy and Strawberry, — whose descendants are knewn at Sydnope as Fairy Duchesses and Strawberry Duchesses — was SKORTKOKN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 273 privately purchased by Mr. Hustler from Mr. Charles Colling previous to his sale in 1810, and reputed to have given thirty-two quarts of milk per day. Her daughters, Fairy and Strawberry, gave the names to the two branches, Mr. Bates buying the former, which was sired by the own brother to the Duchess heifer he bought from Mr, C. Colling, Fairy was afterwards mated to Mr. R Colling's Meteor 431 (also a son of Comet 155). and produced White Rose, bought by Mr. Claridge, of Jerveaux Abbey, in calf to Acklam 713, (a grandson of Comet 155), while his pedigree is otherwisef uil of good blood. Rosebud was the name of the calf, and she produced Rosa to Mr. Clariclge's Norman 1276, he also, like Acklam, was a grand- son of the famous Comet 155, on the d.im's side, and only a degree further on the sire's. The next cross, Lisbon 1172, was bred at Jerveaux Abbey, out of Fairy's daughter, White Rose; Royal Prince 5924, exceedingly full of Princess blood succeeded him, and the heifer calf became known as Wild Rose, she being served in due time with Mr. Bates' Duke of Richmond 7996, the first direct Duchess sire introduced since Old Daisy had been bred to Mr. C. Colling's Duke 226, Zadig 8796, the next sire in the pedigree, was bred by Earl Spencer, and descended like Usurer, from Mr. Mason's blood, used by Earl Ducie, at Tort worth, to re-invigorate the Duchesses. When at Farnborough, Archdeacon ITolbech added nothing but Bates blood, 1 1th Duke of Oxford 19632 and Earl of Chatham 28495 (a "pure" Lally out of the 4th Duke of Oxford cow), being the grand-sire and sire of Danewort, now in her llth year suckling a beautiful roan cow calf, the very last that is to arrive to that noble sire, Duke of Connaught 33604. Danewort upholds the reputation of the original Old Daisy, by giving after calving over twenty quarts per diem from three quarters, and at ten months — more than half gone in calf — she was giving ten quarts. Daisy Duchess, the oldest daughter, bred at Woodside, has hitherto only had a couple of bulls, and Fairy Duchess 7th, Dane wort's first heifer at Sydnope, is somewhat noticeable on account of her gaudily marked hind legs. Violet, the youngest of the Farnboiough "half dozen," apparently enjoys the healthy breezes of the Derbyshire hills, as she is looking 274 SHORTHORN HERBS OF ENGLAND. remarkably well, and has bred half-a-dozen calves for Mr. Barrow, three of which have been Fairy Duchesses, and a fourth heifer, Grlo'ster Daisy, naturally the oldest of the quartette, has developed into a handsome cow, and bred the first of the new tribal name at Sydnope to 1 1th Duke of Birrington. Fairy Duchess 4th (a daughter of Violet), one of a pair with a pasture to themselves, is thought more highly of than her companion, Strawberry Duchess 2nd, and has an own sister in the Eighth, while the jYinth — by Fairy Duke 3rd, a son of Danewort — is a good strong backed calf showing none thc3 worse for the "double" cross. The Eleventh, the result of sending the Fourth to Grand Duke 46th 4967 J, is of considerable promise. Dahlia Daisy, a very handsome daughter of 20th Duke of Oxford 28342, from the much admired Dahlia — sold at Farnborough for 300gs. — was bought by Mr. Barrow at the last sale held by Mr. Rolls. The Strawberries are limited to a trio, consisting of Royal Bijou 3rd ; Oxford Bijou, a good looking cow, highly commended in a class of forty-two entries at the Reading Royal ; and the latter's red heifer, Strawberry Duchess 2nd, seen in company with the red Fairy Duchess previously alluded to. The Thorndale Roses have been purchased with a view to crossing the Old Daisies. Thorndale Rose 6th, a grand old cow was bought at Audley End, but it is scarcely probable Mr. Barrow will be so fortunate as to secure another calf from her, she having had one son since coming into Derbyshire, hardly so promising as Knight of Rosedale, the roan calf bought at Hindlip, out of the beautiful Thorndale Rose 7th, now grown into one of the straightest and handsomest young bulls in this country. With the view of retaining the female members of the family, Mr. Barrow secured Thorndale Rose 15th and Cambridge Rose 8th, at the Hilden sale, the latter taking cold soon after her arrival, has left the hopes to be centred on the white, a large fine cow, fully equal to maintaining the honour of the tribe. Rose of Farndish is quite a solitary specimen, although grandly fleshed and of good quality, shs was bought at the dispersion of Mr. Blundell's first class KnighUey herd, and belongs to the Rosy family. In conclusion we congratulate Mr. Barrow in possessing SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 275 the largest number of the purest branch of the Old Daisies owned by any one breeder, and if he can continue to combine milk and flesh, as in the old days, there is a great future before the Sydnope Hall herd. A pleasant walk over the hill from Sydnope brings us into the Valley wherein is situate the flourishing town of Chesterfield, and Hasland Hall, Mr. Bernard Lucas' seat. Shorthorns have been bred here for the past twenty years, and the recent purchases comprise animals bought from Messrs. Foljainbe, Ho\v, Meade- Waldo, and Welsted, names implying quite as much as we can say in favour of buying from such herds. Most of the animals seen in the Park at Hasland have been of comparatively recent acquisition. The Cressidas, tracing through Storrs, and Osberton, have a sappy short legged heifer in Princess Chryseis. Bright Eveline and Bright Idea, were bought at the dispersion of the Prinknash herd, and at the price must have been cheap considering their appearance; the latter is yather deficient in size, but the other is a lengthy beautiful fronted young cow. Welcome Duchess, Welcome Dame, and Welcome Wreath, the two older by a Fame bull, and the latter by Royal Craftsman 45516, were all bred at Broughton, and a grand family they are, all possessing great square fi-ames and capital udders. Rosalba, a good looking white, is a daughter of King Malcolm 43419, and the imported Rosalind, the second in descent from Mr. Pawlett's Rose of June. Probably the Queen of the Park would be considered Wave Eddy, a handsome led and white, yet a little more .style in carrying that grand frame would be an improve- ment, and Wave Suige, also a W., is another good cow, but behind her relative and the Welcomes, in possessing their massive grandeur. The heifers, in a divided portion of the Park, include Bright Nymph, of a slightly different branch to Bright Idea and Bright Eveline; Blight Halo, having passed into Mr. Brassey's possession long before the Aylesby sale, and sending her to Grand Duke 15th, Bright Duchess, the gi-e.it-graiuLm of Bright Nymph was the result. Rose of Hasland, by the Warlaby King Rudolf, beais the Blight company, along with Venus, both "Stiatton" bred on dam and sires's side. 276 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. Several capital calves are in the buildings, notably Golden Wave, out of Wave Surge; Welcome Countess, and Koyal Welcome, out of mother and daughter, with Golden Lamp 49657, Royal Studley 45548, and Royal Christon 52026, as their sires ; the last named is now at Hasland, he is a red with but little white, was bred at N"ew Wariaby, by Mr. C. Morgan, having Warlaby parents on both sides of the house, and imported into this country when he fell into Mr. L. Brodhurst's possession, from whom he has been hired by Mr. Lucas. Close to the borders of Essex, farming land in each county, Mr. T. Chalk has been a successful exhibitor at the Bedfordshire, Cambridgeshire, and Essex Shows, during the past seven years, and it is intended to continue sending animals forth to the Shows to maintain the reputation already secured by the herd in the county. Welcome Lassie, and her heifer calf, were first purchased from Mr. Henry Webb, afterwards Bridgefoot, Burghley, East Donyland, Ellington, Gaddesby. and Pitlochrie, were visited, and Vocalist, of the Seraphina tribe, bought from Mr. C. H. Cock, may be said to have been about the most fortunate purchase, as in addition to winning many honours, her daughter, Melody, a red and little white shorthorn-like cow, has taken eight firsts and two seconds for Mr. Chalk, her heifer, Ballad, the result of sending the cow to Self Esteem 2nd 48675, has been placed next to Mr. Pugh's Zoe 5th, at Norwich, and with Mermaid, of similar age, out of Melody's half sister, Syren, they make a pretty pair, likely to maintain the credit of the herd in the future. Babraham Duke 3rd 47366, and Magician 50007, the two stock sires, are winners of numerous prizes, we are inclined however to prefer the former, a short legged, massive son of Vocalist, and Babraham Duke 40996, who was from a daughter of the own sister of the celebrated Telemachus 27603, the latter being half brother to the sire of the former, but by Sir W. G. Armstrong's Wild Duke of Geneva 7th 4613, used for some time by Mr. Chalk. Passing on to the cows, Enchantress (the dam of Babraham Duke, Magician, and Sybil, all successfully exhibited), is showing the approach of SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLA.XD. 2/7 old age, but in her daughter, sired by Duke Oneida 43151, hopes are entertained of retaining this famous show family at Linton. Syren possesses the same fine shorthorn character as her half sister, Melody, and Enchantress, her offspring by the Duke of Manchester's Oxford de Vere 40424, forms part of the same group. Babraham Rose, a big useful cow, was Lot 1 at the dispersion of the neigh- bouring herd at Streetly Hall, and Flower Girl, an attractive light roan, was bred at Linton, from a family obtained from Mr. H. W. Martin, of Littleport. Kathleen, and Eosarnond 7th, of Fawsley, and Killerby ancestry, were purchased as calves at Pitlochiie. On the outskirts of the cathedral city of Ely, Mr. W. Little breeds both Booth cattle and Shire horses, the latter in which he has more especially excelled ; his first purchase of the former was at Lord Suffield's sale 23 years ago, but in '66 the cattle plague visited the herd. in 1868, during the week of the Leicester Royal, Bridport 25668, was bought from Mr. W. Torr. Mr. Little has since used Lord Abbot 29052, from Knowlmere ; Master of the Mint 40329, bred by Mr. R. Welsted, of the M. tribe, but purchased from a neighbour, Mr. H. W. Martin, from whom also was obtained King Hamlet 34318; Lord Alfred 46621, hailed from Prinknash ; and lastly, Fulgens 46390, a red and little white grandson of the famous Victoria Victrix, bred by Lady Pigot, is now in service. Many of the cows and heifers are away at extra grass keep taken by the owner, and we have to be content with the few found in one of the meadows. "Western Nymph, and Western Witch, represent the Aylesby W.'s, tracing to Mr. R. Chaloner's Maid of the West, by Sovereign 27538, the latter, a Lord Abbot cow, is one of the best of the lot ; Broughton Queen, sharing with the last named the honours of the field, has a good square udder, her pedigree having a considerable amount of Booth blood in it, although of no recognized tribe. Queen Clara, another good cow, and quite able to take her part at tilling the pail, belongs to Broughton Queen's family. The W.'s are Mr. Little's principal tribe, and we regret we could not see more of them. 278 SHORTHoltX HERDS OF ENGLAND. Al walton, five miles fiom Peterborough, i« the seat of the Hon. C. W. Fitzwilliam, who commenced breeding pedigree cattle, with the purchase of Grand Duchess 3rd, at Wicken Park, seventeen years ago, and her female descendants have occasionally been sent away for service to such noted sires as Baron Oxford 5th 27050, Fifth Duke of Tregunter 33743, Third Duke of Underley 38106 and Ninth Duke of Tregunter 46272, while Duke of Kingscote 25981, was conjointly purchased with Mr. Sartoris, and followed by Lord Kimbolton 43532, a highly bred Waterloo bull, and at the dispersion of the Sholebroke herd, Grand Duke 33rd 39046, a son of Duke of Connaught 33604, and Grand Duchess 17th, was bought when six and a half years old, he is still very serviceable and active, and a very handsome old Bates bull, indeed it was the opinion of some breeders at the sale that he was a better animal than Grand Duke 41st. The female portion of the herd had its ranks considerably reduced two years ago, but one of the Wild Eyes females was retained with a few others, and purchases have since been made at Acton Burnell, Cockfield Hall, and North Frith. The home bred Great Eyes 8th, by Duke of Underley 3rd, out of the fine cow noticed as seen at Rushden, carries off the victory for good looks over any of the more recent acquisitions, and a very pretty heifer calf is this year's produce by the Grand Duke. Gazelle 30th, one of the last of Duke of Clarence 3rd's daughters came from North Frith in calf to Duke of Underley 7th 46278, and the result is Gazelle 4Oh, a nice red yearling, seen along with two or three of Grand Duke 33rd's get. Lady Golightley and Courtly, by the two favourite Killerby sires of recent years, of Sockburn and Chilton descent, were bred by Sir C. F. Smythe, and Adeline, bought from Mr. Jennings, is a beautifully bred Acomb, and her red and white bull calf is full of promise. SHOIITIIOKN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 279 CHAPTER XL The Huntingdonshire Herds. — Connington Castle. — Holt/well Manor. — Brought/on. — Kimbolton Castle. — Buckden Wood. — Bedford- shire Herds. — Kenswortk. — Southill. — Colworth. — Biddenham. — Clapham Park. — Hertfordshire Herds. — Astivick Manor. — West- minster Lod(je. — Woolmers Park. — Russell Farm. — Shendish. — Essex Herds. — Forest House. — Havering Park. From Alwalton to Connington Castle, the residence of Mr. J. M. Heathcote, is eight miles across country, but with a fast trotting mare in the hands of an experienced horseman like our guide, Connington is quickly reached, after passing the historic " Kate's Cabin," associated with Dick Tarpin's memorable ride to York. Mr. Thompson is ready for starting to the station to meet us, so we are quickly driving to one_of the more distant farms, where the dark red Stanley 48782, a lengthy shoit legged five j^ar old, bred at AVest Dereham Abbey, is seen, as well as an Aylesby Flower calf, the latter is being reared amongst the ordinary cross bred ones, and apparently is doing as well as her foster sisters. The adjoining Hill is a prominent feature in the landscape, and in ancient days has been crowned by a fortification of some importance, its summit being now surrounded on three sides by a wide and deep moat, which has never been known to fail of a full supply of fine clear water, and it is an old saying that "Yaxley Stone Mill, Connington Round Hill, And AVhittlesey Mere Are the Three Wonders of Huntingdonshire." Grazing almost at the foot of the hill are the best of the heifers, the Warlaby Royal Craftsman and King Harold being represented by four daughters, Mr. Thompson having bought the most, fashionably bred of the latter bull's produce, at Mr. A. E. W. Darby's sale. 280 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. Telluria Alba is very good, while Strawberry Lady and Strawberry Princess, own sisters, are thick fleshed wealthy cattle, of the old Angus blood. The truest made heifer is however Kosalind, one of Cunobelin's daughters, from a branch of a family known as the Red Duchesses formerly in Mr. Ladds' possession, on our drive home- ward is viewed Rose Stanley, own sister to the dam of Rosalind, a good heifer, but hardly the equal of the first seen. Golden Lamp 49657, a son of Royal Mowbray 42330, originally from Ballywalter, is now found at Mr. Heathcote's Home Farm, he is a rich roan with good shoulders and great depth of fore rib, and as he is intended for use upon the Stanley heifers, any little weakness in his head may not be expected to be observable in the produce. Albert Victor, of a branch of the Mantalinis that have been in Ireland for several generations, is sired by the illustrious Albion 36112, and is the male animal placed at the disposal of Mr. Heathcote's neighbours, he was considered good enough to be sent to the County Show, and a '• first " was the result. Previous to the purchase of Stanley, Cunobelin 41310, a fine white Village Rose bull, had been used. Costly 5th, one of the last daughters of King Charles, enjoys the cool of a loose box. A red heifer calf is the solitary descendant of the Mantalini Maid of the Mist, bought from Mr. W. Wells, a near neighbour of Mr. Heathcote's, about twenty-two years ago, and the dam of Maid of Connington, from which many females are descended in the North. Passing on to the dairy cows, Sylph, a light roan, and squarely built, springs originally from Ellington. Faii-ie Queen is a daughter of Cunobelin, and Fair Frances, bought at the dispersion of Mr. F. Fowler's heid, also the dam of tfl'ins, Fair One and Fair Twin, by Stanley, and is now one of an excellent quartette seen in a more distant pasture, her companions being Princess Myra and Rosebud 16th, privately selected from the Bearl herd, and begotten by Warlaby sires. Returning to the cows in milk, Lily, tracing to the Rev. R. Pointer's Red Darlington, has done her work well, having had four calves in four years and three months, a roan being very noticeable in a bunch of seven yearlings, SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 281 recently turned out into the pasture. Flower Bud 8th is own sister to Flower Bud 7th, and Miss Hopeless, having the Killerby Cecrops for sire, carne with Fair Frances, from Biggleswade. Holy well Manor, is known the world over for its Large, Middle, and Small white pigs, while the shorthorns are only in their infancy, but with the same care and judgement Mr. Sanders Spencer has exercised in the breeding of his swine, they may yet equal the fame of the latter. The principal family at Holy well are Mr. Torr's Gs., obtained when Lady Pigot's famous herd was dispersed, by the purchase of Golden Bay, a daughter of the Mantalini Ravenlock 38968, and Golden Countess, with her three heifers, which have increased and done well in their present owner's possession. Mr. Spencer also purchased the nine year old Opoponax 34950, the last pure Bracelet in existence, as well as Zoroaster, a roan bull calf, by the Warlaby Boyal Sceptre 43967, out of Zvezda's daughter, Zena'ida, who is the sire of most of the young stock, and it may be added he is the joint property of Mr. Spencer and Mr. James How, of Broughton. Golden Countess' first calf after coming to Holy well was Golden Grouse — born on the " Twelfth " — by Opoponax, the first of the Gs. that are seen in a low lying meadow. Beyond the Bracelet bull there are half-a-dozen more additional crosses of high- bred Booth sires upon Golden Rule, by Eemus 4932. Golden Queen is a straight even daughter of Royal Craftsman 45516, from Golden Ray, the oldest of the sisters from West Hall. There is also seen in the meadow a roan Flower — May Queen — out of Maiden Queen, bought at Mr. W. Sisman's sale. Bright Andrew 49186, third in the yearling class at the Shrewsbury Royal, still very true and level, is found taking his chance amongst the heifers, and in his company is Gaiety, bred by Mr. Aylmer, and a well ribbed cow of quite the West Dereham type. Bright Andrew, when sold at Mauoravon, was bought for South America, but Messrs. How and Spencer's offer of a profit was accepted, thus we now find him at Holywell, and Zoroaster at Broughton. Mr. Spencer has a large number of thick fleshed milking cows, descended from Mr. J. How's Blush Rose, by Prince of the Realm 22627, they are throughly 282 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. useful dairy and grazing stock. Golden Flash, the little calf bought by the side of the dam at West Hall, has developed into a cow of nice quality. A full description of Mr. Spencer's splendid herd of Yorkshire pigs — which has representatives in almost every part of the globe — would be foreign to the present work, still we cannot forbear expressing our pleasure at the the sight of perhaps the finest herd of Yorkshires in the possession of a tenant farmer of any country. Returning to St. Ives, Mr. How is awaiting us, and after driving round by a distant farm we reach Broughton, one herd of this name in the adjoining County has alreadv been noticed. Almost in the dusk we walk round the pastures with the owner, which are not so well filled as they? will be in a few years hence, the uork of nine years having been scattered abroad only twelve months ago, but most of the favourite sorts are represented in the something under a score of all ages which we see, and the Madalines and Mantalinis were untouched by the auction list. That Mr. How has been a successful breeder, his sales of 1876 and 1885, are sufficient testimony. The herd after being exhibited at the leading shows from 1864 to 1873, with the result of winning 218 prizes, was three years later dispersed, excepting Pauline 10th and her daughter, at an average of .£119 5s. 8d. When nine years had passed over, Mr. How again brought the larger portion of his carefully built up herd to the hammer, and the result as compared with other sales must have been deemed satisfactory by the owner. Many Warlaby sires have been sent on hire to Broughton, but at present, Zoroaster 47308, a beautiful bred Bliss, roams with the matrons, two of them, Victoria Splendens and Victoria Superba, were also of Lady Pigot's breeding while Victoria Splendora, although of Mr. How's, is own sister to the latter, being by Lumens 51890, a son of Mr. Meade-Waldo's beautiful Victoria Eulgida. The older of the sisters has already hid a nice cow calf, seen in the sheds, while Victoria Stella, is the last born of the old cow, and Broughton is apparently to have the Mantalinis associated with its name in the future, as the Madalines and Paulines have been in the past. The Paulines were all catalogued last SHORTHORN HERDS OF EXULAXD. 283 season, but the Nineteenth, a u double" Pauline, having newly calved, both were withdrawn, and now the tribe can flourish again on the Broughton pastures, it would have been almost a pity to lose the connection, as Pauline, bred at Killerby, was sold to the late Mr. Carr, who passed the tribe to Branches Park, from whence it came to Broughton many years ago. The 'Madelines spring from Alice Butterfly, bought at Townley in 1864, and the females sold in 1876, made the excellent average of <£261 9s., Mrs. Pery purchasing Blithe Butterfly for 360gs. ; her daughter, Blooming Butterfly, eventually passed over to Ireland, and when Dame Madeline, was sent over to Prinknash for sale, Mr. How took the first opportunity of returning to his old love, and certainly Broughton Madeline, sired by Royal Studley 45548, is an exquisitely pretty yearling, and of this family, let it not be forgotten, Windsor Butterfly was bred nearly twenty years ago. Water Nymph 14th, tracing to Hecate, bred by the late Mr. John Booth, is the companion of Broughton Madeline, and in her, centre the sole hopes of the family, known as Water Nymphs, since the days they left the banks of the Kibble. The Lancasters, a favourite tribe of the late Mr. Wilkinson, of Lenton, were in Mr. How's possession previous to 1876, and a couple of months before his last sale, Mr. J. C. Toppin's herd coming in the market, he repurchased Lily, sold at his first sale, and Lancaster Belle, a pair of large framed useful dairy cattle, the latter being by Mr. Downing's Norman Fame 34922. Welcome Marie represents a good milking heavy fleshed sort, known as the Welcomes, and tracing to a cow named Welcome Mary, possessing only a short pedigree, but with three of the late Mr. E. Booth's best bulls contained in it. An eight miles drive from Broughton brings us to the county town, a dozen miles on the Kettering and Cambridge line finds us at Kimbolton, and between two and three more we are in the Park belonging to His Grace the Duke of Manchester, examining the first portion of the herd. Shorthorns have been connected with Kimbolton since 1849, animals being purchased from Mr. Beauford and Mr. Ladds. Fashion began to assert itself about twenty years later, when Wild Eyes Duke 36007, was bought at Winterfold, and 284 SHORTHORN HERBS OF ENGLAND. ever since, Bates sires of the highest lineage have been in service, amongst the more noted being Grand Duke of Waterloo 28766 (a son of 7th Duke of York 1775 1, and Waterloo 28th), purchased from Lord Fitzhardinge; Grand Duke of Morecarnbe 36722, bred at Underley, from the first Oxford that ever realized four figures at Holker; and Duke of Underley 3rd 38196, bought for 3,000gs. from the Earl of Bective. Returning to the occupants of the first portion of the Park, Queen of the Yale, of the Aylesby Flower tribe, obtained at a neighbour's sale, has been a successful heifer breeder, and her daughter, Queen of the Vale 10th, the last of Duke of Underley 3rd's get, grazes alongside. Blanche 4th has all the usual substance of the tribe, and Mercia 10th is the oldest representative of a numerous family noted for combining good milking and feeding qualities which have been bred at Kimbolton since 1854, when they were obtained from Mr. Ladds', and descended from Empress, a daughter of the Rev. R. Pointer's Old Darlington, whence spring the popular Seraphinas. In another part of the Park we find quite the elite of the herd, comprising the beautiful old lady, Oxford Louise ; her daughter, Oxford Helene ; and grand- daughter, Oxford Maud. Oxford Louise is one of the handsomest cows we see in the pastures at Kimbolton, her two year old heifer, Oxford Mary, at the sale of 1881 m.ide l,110gs. to Sir II. Allsopp, and Oxford Alice, our choice of the daughters, is a fine shorthorn- like cow. Oxford Maud, a daughter of Grand Duke 40th 43309, stands near the ground, and will probably develope into as good as the rest of the older females. Sequoiah 4th, very straight above and below, is a highly bred Waterloo of the Wellingtonia branch, while Lally of Leighton is from Lally 16th, bought at Whitehall in 1875, for 460gs., and so good and equal were the family at the Kimbolton sale that they made within 2Cgs. of each other, and averaged exactly 150 each. Lady Montague 5th. is half bister on the sire's side to the Lallys, and is the mother of the Sixth, a good coated calf seen at the buildings. Princess Silence, one of the few daughters of Wild Eyes Duke, still in the herd, is from Princess, by May Duke 13320, and full sister to Princess Surmise, bought for SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 285 Sandringham. Still another family remains to be mentioned, and that is one of note, viz : the Flowers, of Aylesby fame, the best of the tribe in the eyes of Bates breeders being found at Kimbolton, as instead of the Booth crosses so familiar in the Flower pedigree, are found Mr. Bates' 3rd Duke of Northumberland 3647, Sir C. Tempest's Broughton Hero 6811, and Col. Pennant's Bellerophon 33132, and naturally since coming into the present owner's possession, they have been crossed with highly bred Bates bulls. In the buildings, Oxford Annie, the red calf out of Oxford Helene, by Mr. Foster's Oxford bull, is lengthy and straight, but neither her sire — Oxford Duke of Killhow 6th 50130 — nor Oxford de Vere 6th 51 810, the result of sending Oxford Alice to Mr. Aylmer's Sir Simeon, could be properly seen, as in the herdsman's absence they were unable to be brought forth. In the paddock immediately adjoining the yard we are much taken with Sequoiah 3rd, a handsome white of large scale, and in her company is a good Flower cow with a Booth cross. Through the gate we have a Lady Montagu — the name which here denotes Lady Worcesters — Formosa 2nd, the older of the two Flower sisters, is possessed of nice character, and a well formed udder, and Silentia 9th, out of the retained Surmise cow, is very lengthy like the dam, and full of hair. Amongst the cows in " profit," Mercia 21st, Queen of the Yale 3rd, Patience, and White Lady 3rd, are the best quartette, and of the sisters, Baroness Blanche 2nd and Baroness Blanche 3rd, the younger seems the more preferable. Shorthorns were bred many years at Buckden by the late Col. Linton, and Mr. John Linton now musters a herd of forty head, descended from the Ellington, Lillingstone Dayrell, and Waresley herds. Mr. Linton began breeding in 1878 by the purchase of the twins, Waterloo 1st and "Waterloo 2nd, at Mr. Ladds' sale ; they were sired by a Gazelle bull, of Mr. Bowly's breeding, from a daughter of an Aylesby bred cow, and his present Waterloos are descended from the Ellington purchases. Quite a number of the herd trace to Mr. Booth's Farewell, through the 286 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. Waresley Park herd. Several highly bred Bates sires have been in service since Mr. Linton began breeding, Caractacus 49227, was obtained from Bally waiter, and at the third annual Lincoln sale Mr. Topham's first prize Jolly Farmer was purchased. Duke of Cornwall 4th 47726, however reigns as the recent acquisition's colleague. It will be remembered that he was hired by Mr. Loder at public auction for 230gs., when offered for that purpose at the Whittlebury sale, afterwards at the dispersion of the Hindlip herd he came to Buckden. Previously. Gaddesby had furnished Earl of Leicester 19th 43160. and Whittlebury, Grand Duke of Darlington 2nd 41647, of the Princess and Darlington tribes. Mr. Liuton has also several of the Seraphina family, so noted for their excellent dairy properties in Mr. Robarts' and other herds, he having obtained them from the former breeder. At Kens worth, near to Dunstable, in the adjoining County of Bedford, Mr. T. R. Robinson, has the nucleus of what some day will be a good herd, if he perseveres in using sires of the same merit as Earl Sockburn, already favourably noticed in writing of the Banning cattle, and which was purchased from his breeder, Mr. 11. Leney, after his victory at the Tunbridge Wells show. The females are limited to two tribes, viz.: the Red Roses, comp.ising Red Rose of Glencoe, bred at Dunmore, but purchased from Mr. F. W. Stone, with her produce, and the Peaches, or Poppys, formeily in Mr. Thos. Bell's possession, and once so popular on the other side of the Atlantic. Previously to purchasing Earl Sockburn, Mr. Robinson had been using Lord Wellington 2nd 45172, bred at Hindlip, and cows had been sent to Mr. Leney's Rowfant Grand Duke 5201 6. Mr. C. 0. Hay ward, of Southill, made his first purchases at the Harewoods sale of 1883, when Gloriana, descended from the Harkforth stock through Mr. Tracy's herd, and Etta Gwynne, by 24th Duke of Airdrie 36460, out of Fanny Gwynne, a daughter of Fauna Gwynne, bred at Biddenham, weie pui chased later on in the same year. The half-sisters, Neasham Duchess, and Neasham SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 287 Duchess 3rd, descended from Col. Townley's Eoyal Butterfly Duchess, were obtained at the dispersion of the late Mr. S. R. C. Ward's herd. Chiefly from the 1883 purchases has the heid been bred, although Havering Park supplied Havering Ruby 4th, the following year, and Park Empress 2nd, a fine cow of robust con- stitution was bought at The Crundalls, where she was the highest priced animal, and now suckles a pretty roan heifer calf by Lord Airdrie 53118, a massive roan son of 27th Duke of Airdrie 41351, and Gloriana, now doing service at Southill, and the sire of some hand- some rich roan heifers. G rasmere 49681 , a fine white Waterloo bull, bred by Lady Howard de Walden, and Prince Matchless 50223, out of Mr. Edwards' Matchless 5th. Mr. Hayward's special object has been selecting cows with good udders, and at the same time keep- ing in view the grazing qualities as much as possible, that he might produce serviceable young bulls at a reasonable price for the supply of the dairy farmers. Mr. C. Magniac, at Colworth, has an extensive Bates herd, begun about a dozen years ago by purchases at the famous Brayton, Killhow, Kingscote, Lathom, and JSiddington sales. Rarely have females been bought in recent years, and two of the last were an Oxford and a Waterloo, at Kimbolton, in 1880. Amongst the earlier sires were Lord Bective's Grand Duke of Morecambe 36722 ; the Duke of Manchester's Oxford de Vere 40424, while many cows were also sent over to Duke of: Underley 3rd 38196, at Kimbolton ; Duke of Hunstland 2nd 44688, bred at Rowfant, and a grandson of the famous Kirklevington Duchess 5th ; and Grand Duke 40th 43309, from Sholebroke. Cactus 2nd and Sonsie 19th, fifteen and fourteen years of age, are found reposing in the cool of loose boxes in the heat of the day, both have done good service for their owner, and their sons, Duke of Wynyard 49492 and Grand Duke of Cumberland 49674, have been the principal sires, and are handsome Bates bulls, doing credit to Duke of Underley 3rd 38196, and Grand Duke 40th 43309, their respective sires. Duke of Wynyard 2nd, a dark 288 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. red two year old, is being used for the heifers, and promises to develope into a fine bull, he is from Airdrie Flower, a daughter of Cactus 2nd, and has Duke Oneida 4.3151, for sire. One of the most fashionable families are the Waterloos, des- cended from Waterloo 22nd, bought at Killhow in 1876, in calf to Duke of Oxford 22nd 31000, when fourteen years old, her produce named Waterloo 4t5th, a good substantial cow, with her daughter, Waterloo 50th, are two of a small group Feen apart from the main body of the matrons. It is worth recording that after breeding the Forty-sixth, she further had the Forty-ninth when seventeen years and seven months old. Duchess Craggs 3rd. bought at Maplewell, has a capital udder, and Flower of Tarm 3rd, is a daughter of Pagares, she in turn being from Papaver, a grand-daughter of Peach, which coming into Col. Kingscote's possession he added Second Earl of Walton 19672 and 3rd Duke of Clarence 23727, selling the offspring of the latter to Mr. Magniac in calf to Duke of Hillhurst 28401, and the heifer that arrived at Colworth in due course was sent to be mated with Duke of Underley 3rd 38196, and Flower of Tarm 3rd, is the result. Mr. Magniac now possesses the purest branch of the once highly prized Peach tribe, certainly they are most beautifully bred, and probably a higher rank in fashion's market will await them in the future. Passing on to the dairy cow^, Flowers of Tarm 4, 5, and 6, are included in the fifteen, as well as Pagares, a rare sort, with large well filled udder. Another Bell Bates family have four female representatives, named Countesses of Antrim, and Lady Wynyards, of which Countess of Antrim 2nd, and Lady Wynward, are considered the best shaped. Both descend from the aged Cactus 2nd, imported into this country by Mr. E. Gibson, and tracing to exported Frantic, by 4th Duke of Tork 10167. The very pretty Favourite Gwynne, has had no less than six heifer calves, but the third in seniority, Fairy Gwynne, cannot be considered the equal of her attractive mother. This branch originated from Biddenham, but Mr. Magniac secured Favourite Gwynne's dam at Killhow in 1876, for 305gs. Heather Honey, Morecambe Honey, andTregunter Honey, are very creditable to the well known JKangscote SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 289 family, but neither of the first named have the great size and grand character of Tregunter Honey, which may be said to be the hand- somest cow at Col worth. Blanche 12th possesses wonderful milking properties. Red Lavender, is of nice style and belongs to the Walnuts, the only branch of Enightleys in Mr. Magniac's possession, the younger members of which are named Lady de Veres. The heifers in a high-lying pasture, include specimens of most of the tribes hitherto seen, one of the prettiest being Ligurian Queen, the only female offspring sired by Duke Oneida 43151, when on hire for a short period. Helen Gwynne, a rather light red, is not of the same branch as the one already noticed, but out of Havering Gwynne, bred by the late Mr. Mclntosh. Messrs. J. and F. Howaid are a household word, not only amongst agriculturists in the Countv of Bedford, but in many a corn growing country, thousands of miles from their extensive Britannia works, and Mr. Charles Howard is almost as widely known for the excellent farming operations conducted by him at Biddenham, for which he was awarded the Eoyal Agricultural Society's Gold Medal in 1874, and the flock of Oxfordshire Downs which have been sent to North and South America, Australia, South Africa, and many of the European Countries. To see the herd of Gwynnes Mr. Howard has bred since Mr. Strafford dispersed his first collection with such capital results in May 1870 (when the entire herd of fifty- four made over £70 each, twenty-six of the Gwynne tribe averaging .£82 14s. 2d.), was the cause of our visit to Biddenham. Laughton Prince 8th 51524, a purely bred Lily Bell, from Mr. Cass well's, has been in service since his purchase at Bingley Hall in 1884, he has grown into a very useful bull, and several nice heifers are seen by him. Previous to Laughton Prince Sth's purchase, Mr. Howard had originally sent his few Gwynne females to visit the males at Woodside. The Princess Earl of Leicester 5th 36591, being however purchased from Gaddesby, where Lady Gwynne, by Grand Duke 15th, (out of a Fourth Duke of Thorndale cow), the first purchase made for the present Biddenham herd in 1871, was sent to Ninth Duke of Geneva 28391, and the produce is now a charming cow, somewhat advanced T 290 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. in years. To save needless repetition, " Gwynne " must, be understood as affixed to the names of Mr. Howard's females. Lady Mary, a dark roan massive heifer, is Lady Florence's daughter, to Duke of Oxford 32nd 36527, and Lady Flora, a year younger, has also Duke of Oxford 32nd 36527, for sire, so has her sister, Lady Louisa Gwynne, a good looking roan, four years old, the third heifer produced by the dam out of ten calves, and Lady Gwynne also bred more males than females. Lady Montague Gwynne is a handsome white half-sister of Lady Florence, having Duke of Underley 3rd 38196, for sire. Oxford Gwynne, a descendant of Fanny Gwynne (one of Mr. Howard's best cows, sold in 1870), was bought at Mr. Blundell's 1882 sale, in calf to a Surmise bull, and Orange Gwynne was her first born, she having had Olive Gwynne, by Laughton Prince 8th, while Ora and Ophelia, are the names of two more heifers from the Woodside purchase. Altogether the two branches number some twenty females, and make a choice little herd. The Oxfordshire Downs are the mainstay of the farm, and since 1865, annual ram sales have been held, about sixty shearlings being usually offered, and the highest average (.£17 2s. 6d.) was obtained in 1875. Mr. Howard began breeding forty years ago, with the produce of Down ewes, and a Leicester ram, and two years later, he won a second at Smithfield, and afterwards many prizes fell to his sheep at the Royal and County Shows, especially to be mentioned is the fact that when the Royal Agricultural Society first established separate classes for Oxfordshire Downs, Mr. Howard's sheep were successful, and also at Smithfield the same year, where they were likewise acknowledged for the first time as a breed worthy of separate prizes. The flock is kept in beautiful order like the farm, and no pleasanter afternoon on our tour has been enjoyed than the one spent with Mr. Howard, one of the best known of English agriculturists in driving round his three farms, containing nearly 1,200 acres, and we greatly regret to hear of the probable dispersion of both herd and flock, as well as the giving up of two of his farms. To reach Clapham Park, we re-pass through Bedford, and finish the day by seeing a herd — with one exception — composed of the same tribe as that at Biddenharn. Flossv Gwynne 2nd. a fine SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 291 old red and white, \dth a daughter of the same colour, and a roan son, Sir Joseph Gwynne, came from East Donyland at the disper- sion of Mr. Green's herd, where this branch had produced a number of good cattle. Mr. Howard also bought at East Donyland a white Duchess N.iney belonging to Mr. Crabb, she has vastly improved, and will doubtless prove remunerative at the figure Mr. Howard paid for her. Burghley supplied another branch of the Gwynnes in Gipsy Gwynne, a grand-daughter of the Troutbeck Betty Gwynne ; she has still one or two descendants in the herd, while at the recent sale, Nelly Gwynne had been purchased. A third branch originates from West Dereharn, through Broughtori Gwynne, a daughfer of Young Daffy Gwynne 5th, bred by the late Mr. Jonas "Webb. Gwynne and Princess sires have been exclusively used at Clapham, and a few years should see a hei d of great uniformity in character at the same homestead as that which has produced so many successful pens of Large and Small Whites, for which the styes of the Clapham Park Home Farm have been famous. From Bedford we travel to St. Albans, and thence early in the morning to Hatfield. whence a couple of miles brings us to Mr. J. Lloyd's pretty place at Astwick Manor. Knightleys are held in the highest estimation by the owner for their good milking qualities, who is following the example of the late Sir Charles Knightley by crossing them with the Princess blood, Prince of York, a roan son of Lord Oxford 14th 49959, and Princess of Blythe 5th, having been purchased with that intent. Previously, Lord Penryhn's Summer Sun 45071, out of a Rosy cow, bred at Ashdown House, had been used, Carnation, one of the last daughters of Grand Duke of Clarence 28750, in her fourteenth year, has without doubt been a grand cow in her younger days, and none amongst the animals in milk are more like doing their duty than her daughter Clove, one of the oldest of Summer Sun's get. Most of the best of the Knightley strains are assembled in Mr. Lloyd's pastures, the Walnut, Ruby, Rosy, Charmer and Sweetheart strains all being represented. A thiid Walnut is a roan yearling out of Knightley 7th, of a slio-htlv different branch to Carnation. Coraline, from 292 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. Mr. Sheldon's Coral Duchess, has only had her first calf, and will grow into a short legged taking cow, while Sweetheart 37th, bred at Rousham, has already two Princesses crosses out of the first three in her pedigree. Ruby Princess, and Eosy Lactea, names denoting their lineage, were bought by Mr. Lloyd at the dispersion of the Woodside herd in the neighbouring County. The Princess and Knightley lines of blood have " nicked" together previously at Fawsley, and it is to be hoped the same success awaits the owner of the Astwick Manor herd. When Mr. E. C. Tisdall, dispersed his extensive herd of " dairy " shorthorns, Mr. J. N. Edwards, of Westminster Lodge, secured Matchless 5th, the Champion cow at the London Dairy Show of 1881, and Elvira 7th, the two finest animals sold that day. Many sales have since witnessed him a purchaser of the best animal in the sale, so far as milk and shape combined went together. Pedigree did not interfere with the selection of the animals, Booth and Bates sales being visited, as well as those of mixed herds, but shorthorns are of no service to Mr. Edwards without they are good dairy cows, as the object of keeping the herd is to supply the City of St. Albans — the Farm is within a few minutes walk of the London and North Western Station — with milk, and then of course to be turned into beef as quickly as possible when dry, the two especial points in which a pedigree shorthorn so far excels all other breeds, and which no doubt induced the owner to prefer the " red, white, and roan," for his purpose. A register is kept of each cow's milk, and so well did Mr. Edwards keep his records that after winning the Challenge Cup, given by the British Dairy Farmer's Association, in 1883, he was finally awarded it in 1885. About 250 acres is the extent of the three farms, on which are maintained 150 pedigree shorthorns of various ages, in addition to the work horses, and a few Dorset ewes, which are sold out fat with their lambs, before the grass land is shut up for the hay crop, almost every acre of permanent grass being mown upon the farms. The cattle are located at three sets of buildings. At the one nearest the town we find the cows in milk ; at the second, the bulls and calves ; and at a still more distant one, SHORTHOEN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 203 the heifers and dry cows. One especial point is noticed in the buildings, and that is, that no capital has been invested in buildings for ornamental purposes, but only what has been necessary for taking proper care of the animals, in sheltering and feeding them. The May Duchesses have already secured a reputation at B: ough- ton for their good looks, and here they are neither wanting in this respect, nor in milking qualities, May Duchess 17th, a thorough good stamp of the historic breed, having been second in the milking class at the Maidstone Meeting of the Bath and West in 1884, but it is her eldest daughter, May Duchess 18th, the winner of the Silver Medal in the Milking Class at the London Dairy Show of 1885, that is the first to be seen, she beats her dam both in richness of milk as well as quantity, and although giving over 6,0001b. in 252 days, she is not lacking in that substance in which so many heavy milkers are found deficient. Matchless 5th, left no female descendants after coming to St. Albans, although her grand-daughter, Matchless 16th, wifh her red cow calf, were purchased at the dispersion of Mr. C. H. Cock's herd, the latter now promises to develope into a very sweet heifer, but Gloucestershire is well to the front with Flower of Spring, and Fashion, bred by the Messrs Arkell. The Knightleys, naturally have a place in any dairy herd, and Mr. Edwards after obtaining Daphne, of the Cold Cream family at Shendish, purchased several representatives of the Rosy. Ruby, Sweetheart, and Walnut tvibes, at the dispersion ot the Audley End and Woodside herds. With regard to the quantity of milk given, we notice Charm, and her daughter, Ammlet — but the latter not so good looking as the dam — exceed any of the Woodside animals. What are known as the Bates families, are represented by Waterloos, having the Ravenspur cross, descended from Waterloo Gem 2nd, bought at Mr. Cock's sale ; the White Roses, now known as Silences and Surprise Duchesses : and Peach Blossom 12th. Several good old lines of blood are also found, but Daffodil Daisy 2nd, a fine handsome cow, bought at The Hendre, has not kept up the reputation of her tribe for milk, when compared with the other animals. The very massive Lady Jocelyn 18th (the winner in the heifer class when a Dairy 2i)4 SlEOItTlIOHN HKRDS OF KNU-LA.N'D. Show was held at Birmingham in 1831), and the handsome Elvira 7th, trace to Mr. Kobert Colling's Princess, and have each bred a heifer to Silenus 6th 47088, a son of Silence 8th, an extraordinary heavy milker, owned by Mr. Longman, by whom the bull was bred, and afterwards extensively used by Mr. Edwards. The Cleopatras include Ceres, a pretty stylish cow. The Vestris', t'voin Shirdeleos, have multiplied freely. The Seraphinas and Lady Wellesleys both descend from the Rev. E. Pointer's Old Darlington. Myra, a Blanche cow, bred by Mr. E. H. Masfen, was in milk 248 days, and gave 0,1281bs., whereas Daffodil, of the same gentleman's breeding, gave 7,7931bs. in 34(J days, and won the Lord Mayor's Champion Cup in 1882, at the Dairy Show, while Countess of Wragby, had over 6,0001bs to her credit in 202 days. The "Booth purchases claim the heaviest milker in the herd, Water Nymph 3rd, bought at Broughton, having given 9,197lbs. in 282 days, with 14 per cent of cream. Olivia and Olivette, with Booth sires, trace to Mr. E. Marsh's stock, and the Phillis' to Mr. Jolly's, but more lecently through West Dereham, the oldtr of the two purchases made at the sale leaving an average of 231bs. for the 294 days she was in milk. The Queens of Fame, with the exception of one, a;e bred by Mr. Edwaids, who obtained them fiom Child wick Hall. Fame, the dam of two Princes of Fame, used in the heid, gave an average of 27-|lbs, of milk per diem. Prince Matchless 56223, by Mr. Lodge's Wellington Duke 6th 45773, from Matchless 5th, is a lengthy good bull, and his dam is well known to fame, yet is not the dam of the sire of equal importance ? yet no evidence is offered as to her milking properties in the last private catalogue, which is unusua'ly explicit in many particulars. Eoyal Eaymond 52055, bred by Mr. A. E. VV. Darby, a red of quite the Booth character, and the other principal sire is a son of the VVarlaby Eoyal Mowbray 43300, from Eosa, Fredrica, of a family well known at Braithwaite Hall for their dairy properties in byegone days. The Woolmers Park herd dates from the year 1845, when Mr. Wodehouse purchased at Darlington, six pedigree shorthorn cows, three of which cost fifty guineas each, considered at the time a high SHOKTIIOJiN 1IK11DS OE ENGLAND. 295 price, while the others cost little short of this sum. It is chiefly from this stock, the present herd descends, as dining the thirty years which have passed since the first purchases were made, only half-a- dozen females have been bought. The sires used were for several years purchased from the late Mr. D. Mclntosh, Woolmer's Duke 32890, Eoyal Havering 2nd 35378, and Royal Havering 3rd 42323, of the Lady Bird, Cold Cream, and Euschia tiibes, all bo'ing obtained in succession. Minstrel Boy 2nd 43613, b;ed at Maisey Lampton, from a Musical dam, has preceded Cherry Prince 8th, a son of Mr. Sheldon's Prince Saturn 46926 (and consequently half-brother to Mr. Brierley's Euckley), the present sire. Mr. Wodehouse's cattle have been regular winners in the Show yard, the most distinguished has been Countess, whose descendants are now known as Countesses of Woolmer. This well known cow was a regular breeder up to the time of her death in 1885, at the age of seventeen years. Included in her victories, were a Eoyal first at Birmingham, third in the family class, at the Liverpool Eoyal the following year, a fiist and Gold Medal at the Dairy Show, Is78, .Reserve in Family class at Kilburn, but first at the Yorkshire in the same year. Mr. Wodehouse again won a Gold Medal at the Dairy Show in 1880, with Violet and her offspring, all bred at Woolmers Paik, and the herd is now in a satis- factory progressive state, having be^n victorious in three classes at the recent County show. Mr. W. E. M. Copeland, began purchasing shorthorns at Mr. T. Purkis' sale, when several Foggathorpe cows were obtained ; the tribe have been both prolific, and heavy milkers, and the seven Eoggathorpe cows seen are no exception in the latter iespect. Eanny Eoggathorpe, possesses more substance than many of the family, while Emily Eoggathorpe, is considered to show the most character. The Juliettas, obtained from Mr. C. A. Barnes, have the original purchase, and two daughters to represent them. At Shole- broke, Mr. Copeland purchased Silver Cloud 3rd, and Barringtonia 6th, the former now grown into a very pretty cow, and the latter promises to develope into a large framed useful sort. Winsome Lally, an exceedingly attractive yearling, is of the same fashionable 296 SHORTHOItN HERDS OF ENGLAND. descent as the Barringtonia. Bed Rose of Tweed, a good fleshed red and white, was bred at Elmhurst, and t ivo young Grwynne cows, bought at East Donyland as calves, fully maintain the excellent reputation of the family, and the younger is the handsomest animal at Russell Farm, where Prince of Waterloo 50255, a son of another East Donyland purchase, has succeeded Mr. A. H. Longman's Lord Shendish Charmer 2nd 48246. Four miles beyond Russell Farm, Shendish is reached, where Mr. A. H. Longman has been breeding Bates and Knightley cattle for the past fifteen years, crossing them with males of the former blood, and generally bringing in some fresh material without wandering f i om the recognised bull breeding families. Oxford Duke 34977, a son of the imported Eleventh Lady of Oxford, was privately purchased fiom the Earl of Dunmore, and succeeded by Second Lord of Strathtay 28636, a son of 3rd Duke of Hillhurst 30975, and the imported Red Rose of Strathtay, from the same herd, the latter being of the Rose of Sharon branch of the Cambridge Rose tribe, which was fuither introduced by the use of Severus 43998, winner of second honours at the Worcester Meeting of the Bath and West of England Show. 2nd Duke of Hillhurst 39748, bought for 800gs., at Millbeckstock, had divided the Red Rose bulls, and Sir Wilfrid Winsome 48757 (a son of that beautiful heifer, Winsome Duchess, sold for 700gs. at Stoke Park), and a level good bull has done four years good service, and is now assisted by Oxford Duke of Killhow 8th 53368, the result of Mr. Foster sending Oxford Duchess of Killhow to Sir Simeon 42412, which he consigned to the Underley sale, from whence he came to Shendish. The Silence branch of the Surmises have long been in the herd, and in the first group of cows we have Nos. 23, 24, and 25, but the best cattle are the Apsleys, descended from Alix, well known in connection with Her Majesty's herd at the Prince Consort's Shaw Farm. Apsley 5th, a short legged massive cow, with her two handsome daughters, Apsley 10th and Apsley llth, form an excellent family. Of the own sisters, Shendish Rose 6th and Shendish Rose 7th, grand-daughters of Oxford Rose 9th, bought at Holker, when SUOliTHORN HERDS OE ENGLAND. 207 some of the finest cattle at that period were considered to be of this family, our preference is the older, the latter has however an excellent yearling son to her credit. Cherry Grand Duchess 12th, a very fine roan cow, is comparatively a recent acquisition, like Kirklevington Lady 10th, a deep made white heifer, bought at Underley, and the mother of a short legged roan c. c., by Grand Duke of Geneva 3rd 49677. Before leaving the homestead we are shown a promising red Silence heifer from No. 25. In some distant pastures, Wetherby Duchess 3rd, of the best line of Charmers, and Shendish Rose 3rd, a pretty roan, are found in the one nearest at hand. Advancing into a further meadow, the Silences are conspicuous, the Twenty-sixth being very lengthy, and the Twenty-seventh equally as pretty. Mr. Longman added another branch of the tribe to his herd, when he bought three of the Surmise Duchesses at Eowfant, the Thirtieth is noticed as a neat heifer ; of the G Wynnes, from The Hendre and Hill Crest, we prefer Dora Gvvynne 3rd. Here we have also Blue Bell 7th, of the only branch of the Barring-tons, descended from Mr. Harvey's Lady Barrington 5th, by Earl of Liverpool 9061, through Mr. Grundy's Bosquet, by Col. Townley's Garrick 11507 and Mr. Sartoris' Bluebell, by the Surmise bull Britannicus 17452. Probably the nearest herd to the Metropolis is Mr. A. F. Puck- ridge's, which can be reached in ten miles by road, and is located near to Chigwell, in the County of Essex. In addition to the shorthorns, a herd of Jerseys are bred by Mr. Puckridge, but it is the former in which we are more particularly interested. Nearly one half the twenty-two females are descended fiorn Mr. Jonas Webb's Celia, through her daughtei s, Young Celia and Miss Beauford. Especially grand milk producers are Lady Chigwell 3rd and Lady Chigwell 4th, own sisters, having for grand-dam Miss Emily 6th, which had the prestige of passing through Mr. Thos. Bell's hands. Several purchases were made at the Harewoods sale, including Oxford Eose 10th. a very fine cow, of the Eose of Eaby family, bred at Holker, and her heifer, Airdrie's Oxford Eose 2nd, by 27th Duke of Airdrie 41351, also the sire of Eosy Countess 4th, and Eosy 298 SH.ORT1I011N HERDS OF ENGLAND. Countess 5th, whose name is sufficient evidence of their excellent breeding, previously to passing through Mr. Lloyd's possession, they had been for two or three generations at Weston Park. Mr. Puckridge pm chased at the Harewoods sale, Celtic Chief 49240, a handsome roan Celia bull, sired by Mr. Larking's Fugleman 36670, and Paul Gwynne 3rd 48121, out of that very fine cow, Peailie G wynne, sold for BOOgs., at Elmhurst, both sires are still in service at Forest House. Havering Park, has long been associated with pedigree cattle, and the late Mr. D. Mclntosh was well known as a buyer of many good shorthorns. Especially, it may be mentioned, that he was the breeder of Lady Oxford 5th, the first prize calf at the Worcester Royal, in 1863, bought by Mr. Drewry for 600gs., at the Havering Park sale of 1867, and afterwards one of the finest animals and breeders in the Holker herd. On the second occasion of a female descendant of Lady Oxford 5th's being offered to the public, the owner of Havering Park was the last bidder, securing Baroness Oxford 5th, at 2,600gs.. and Mrs. Mclntosh has now four female descendants. Lady Oxford 7th and Lady Oxford 8th, are own sisters, by Duke of Havering 33664 (a home bred son of Eighth Duchess of Airdrie, and Ninth Duke of Geneva), the former has been away for service at Holker, and on her return journey was unfortunately injured in her hip, while the latter possesses con- siderable personal attractions. Lady Oxford 10th, a thick good heifer, is half-sister to the two cows, but by Grand Duke 41st 46439, while the Twelfth, a straight level calf, has Grand Duke 44th 46440, for sire, and is out of the oldest of the three sires. The remaining animals comprise Havering Princess, a daughter of the imported Bosina; Havering Nonpareil and Havering Sea Gull (with calf out of latter), from Burghley bred cows ; and a red Gwynne heifer, by one of the Princes of Havering. Baron Oxford 5th, not the one bred at Holker. but a son of Lady Oxford 7th and Duke of Cornwall 3rd 43665, now reigns at Havering Park. SHOUTHOJtK 111011)8 OE ENGLAND. 299 CHAPTER XII. The Hampshire Herds. — Stratton Park. — EotJierfteld Park. — Moor Court. — Eastover. — Wiltshire Herds. — Britford. — Bapton Manor. — Dorsetshire Herds. — Marnhull. — Castle Hill. — Devonshire Herds. — OywelL — Filleigh. — Week. — Pilton. — Cornwall Herds. — Loggcms Mill. — Scorrier. — Trewithen. — Budock-Vean. On arriving at Reading, \ve change trains and enter a South Western carriage for Basingstoke,en route to visit the Western herds, stopping first at Micheldever, to see Lord Northbrooke's little herd at the Home Farm, on the Stratton Park estate. It was only at the dispersion of the Sholebroke shorthorns, that the first purchase — Barringtonia 5th — was made, with the view of forming a hei d. She has matured into a fine cow, and bred two bulls at single biiths, in addition to a very attractive pair of twin red beifeis, the latter, by Duke of Eawsley 49444, bred at Weston Park, and used previous to the purchase of Duke of Charmingland 48th. Red Rose of Hindlip 9th, another good looking cow, is by that fine Oxford bull — Knight of Oxford 3rd — used by Mr. Green at East Donyland, and has contributed one of the four good looking red yearlings, left by Duke of Eawsley 49444, the remaining one being out of the Kingscote Honey 88th. Cordelia, exhibited when a heifer, by Lord Moreton, has since coming to Stratton Park, given birth to a roan cow calf by Baron Oxford 10th 49091. Primrose, a very handsome non-pedigree cow, was exhibited at the Royal Counties, where she was placed before Mr. Handley's Ref'ormar 53521, for the Championship, but having since been passed over in the non-pedigree class at York, probably an account of her high condition, it has been decided to send her to Smithfield, where she will undoubtedly make a good fight for the honour of the county. Duke of Charmingland 48th, with such an excellent sire as Duke of Barrington 10th 43067, (while the dam, Charming Duchess 9th, is equally as good), cannot well help leaving his mark as a successful stock getter, he was fiist oUU SHOIITHORN HERDS OF ENULA.ND. in his class at Bingley Hall, and has retained his form exceedingly well, considering the high condition in which Mr. Sheldon sends his young bulls to the great central depot for sale. Rothei field Park, the residence of Mr. A. J. Scott, lies some fifteen miles across country from Stratton, and the herd of shorthorns has been reduced only a few days previously, by the sale of some half-dozen females, when the entire flock of Hampshire Downs were also dispersed, for which it is intended for the future to substitute Southdowns. Waterloo Duke 4th 53821, bred by the late Mr. J. Bigg, from Bose of Waterloo, has grown into a handsome heavy fleshed level bull. Previous to his purchase, M. Scott had used Lord Ettrick 46645, a grand-son of the celebrated Duke of Underley 33745 ; and Wild Prince 8th 44261, standing in the same relation to even a still more famous bull, 7th Duke of York 17754. The females consist of five tribes, of which the most numerous are the Cleopatras and Verbenas, the former associated with Holker, and the latter with Heybridge and Dyrham Park. The total number is under a score, and the Blanches, obtained at Thicket Priory, and May Days from West Hall, have each a trio to their credit. Mr. Scott has also a Sweetheart heifer descended from Silverdale, bought at Sholebioke, and as he intends to have milk included as well as beef in the good qualities of his pedigree cattle in the future, she will it is hoped, follow the Knightley tradition. The owner of the Rother- field Park estate also breeds a number of other pure kinds of stock, in addition to the cattle, particularly noticeable are his handsome mules, and some pigs of a spotted sandy black and white colour, by a Berkshire boar, out of an Iceland sow, are reported to be excellent thrivers, and full of lean flesh. Passing from Alton through Southampton, still a third herd is to be seen before the day's work is o'er. Moor Court, and the four hundred and fifty acres surrounding it, in the occupation of Mr. B. Hoddinott, lies midway between Eomsey and Southampton. The land is alluvial and mostly very fertile, and Mr. Hoddinott began his tenancy under that world renowned patriot, the late Lord Palmsrston, who had purchased the estate from a Mr. Chamberlain. Moor SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 301 Court is a substantial old fashioned house, built about the year 1700, in the front is one of the largest thatched barns in England, and at the back is a charming old fashioned garden. Near!) eighty cows are now in milk, the produce being despatched twice every day to London. It is satisfactory to find that with one or two exceptions, the use of shorthorn sires for several generations is very apparent in the animals seen in the meadows belonging to Moor Court, many indeed will shortly appear in Coates' ; Grace Darling having already done so in the last edition, all the sires found in her pedigree having been used by Mr. Hoddinott. A few pure bred females were purchased from ten to sixteen years ago, principally at the sales of Mr. R. Stratton and Mr. J. How, from the former came Ada and "Wild Rose, of the Moss Rose family, and Frivolity, with only three registered crosses, although very handsome, and the highest priced female at Buderop, and the latter furnished four females, although descendants are now only forthcoming from the Pauline and Lancaster heifers. Commencing with a Pye bull, The Proctor 30149, from Broadmoor, Rule Britannia 29900 (a son of Royal Benedict 27348, and Rose of the Moor), followed from Churchill Heath, and Booth blood afterwards had a prevailing element in the choice of sires, until Lord Hartington 5th 48195, the present one, was purchased. Mr. Hoddinott has generally retained one or two of tfce best of a purchased male's sons to succeed him, this doubtless will help to create a family character in any herd. Ruby's Windsor 29875, by Sir Windsor Broughton 27507, out of an Abbot of Knowlmere cow, was purchased in 1873, and sold again the same year when exhibited at the Royal Counties Show. In the following year, Knight of Fame 34379, a highly bred son of Mr. T. C. Booth's Knight of the Shire 26552, and Collenette was bought at Preston Hows, and used for five seasons. Both Hero of the South 31361, and Magna Charta 34722 (sons of Ada), by The Proctor 30149 and Rule Britannia 29900, had assisted Knight of Fame, in the early part of his reign at Moor Court, and towards the end of it, his sons, Knight of Stratton's Roses 40086 and Knight of Hampshire 41777, out of the other Budeiop Moss Rose purchase, were freely used. SHORTHORN HERBS OF BNGLA.ND. Mr. H. Aylmer's herd next supplied Sir Jacob 47105, by Sir Wilfrid 37184, from Easthorpe Strawberry 9th, and he was used for five years. Lord Hartington 5th 48195, bred by Earl Spencer, was purchased in order that no lack of size should be apparant in this large dairy of cows by the continued use of one line of blood. He is a large framed red, of good flesh and quality, showing plenty of constitution, and has for sire and grand-sire two of the famous Grand Dukes. Lord Frolic 51576, a good looking son of Lord Hartington 5th 4811)5, and Frivolity 2nd, a fine roan daughter of Knight of Fame 34:379, and the original Burderop purchase is also in service at Moor Court. The most numerous of the families in Mr. Hoddinott's possession are the Moss Roses, tracing through Wild Rose ; and her grand-daughter, Rose of the Moor, a Sir Jacob cow, is one of the handsomest in the herd. Frivolity 2nd and Frivolity 3rd, mother and daughter, are no disgrace to the Stratton cattle, while one of the best of the yearlings is the red and white Townley's Rose, a descendant of Wild Rose. Moor Court Pauline 2nd and Moor Court Pauline 3rd, are of the Pauline tribe, originally at Killerby, and which made very high prices at the Broughton sale of 1876, where Pauline 12th was ottained by Mr. Hoddinott. Sidonia Cth is a successful result of putting a Fifth Duke of Wharfdale Gazelle cow, bought at Siddington, to Knight of Fame, being handsome and of large scale. Lady Lancaster 3rd, a white grand-daughter of Mr. How's Conclusion, having declined to breed, is being prepared to win at the local Christmas shows, and if she goes on as well as she has done, will be quite equal to the occasion. Several heifers of the families already noticed are some distance away, and the shades of evening fast approaching, we are compelled to close our notes without seeing them. Before advancing into Wiltshire we call at one of the farms of Mr. S. H. Allen, of Eastover, who has been breeding shorthorns since 1874, when he attended the Marquis of Ailesbury's sale at Saversnake,1 near Marlborough, and purchased what he considered to be the best cow, Beauty, as well as two calves named Clara and Datura. It was not until 1880, that Mr. Allen contemplated SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 303 entering his purchases at the Saversnake sale, and they first appeared in Vol. 26, with the extraordinary record of having produced in five years, seventeen calves, Clara having had twins three times in succession, born a month later each season, and Datura twice, but with a single calf intervening. The Marquis of Ail^sbury's catalogue did not trace the descent of Mr. Allen's purchases further than Violet, bred by Mr. Harwood, in the neighbourhood of Thirsk, and a daughter of Mr. B. Wilson's Mazeppa 34831, but after enquiry wTas made in the neighbourhood of Kipon, two further sires were added to the pedigree by the permission of the Shorthorn Society, viz : Warrior 66600 and dementi 3399, the latter a winner at the Koyal at Cambridge in 1842. Mr. Allen's only other family consists of May Queen, of Mr. Drakes' Meadow Flower tribe, bought from Mr. E. C. Tisdall, and of this cow and her daughter, by Big Ben 47486, it can be said that they are both good dairy animals. The first shorthotn male purchased by Mr. Allen, was J. P. 41731, at his brother-in-law's (Mr. W. T. Brackenbury) sale, September 17th, 1884, he left a lot of good stock, and was sold for nearly cost price, at Basingstoke auction sale, four years later. One of his sons followed for a season, as no definite system of breeding had been adopted, but meeting Mr. Attwater in Salisbury, he was invited to visit his herd, and having the offer of two bulls that breeder had bought from Mr. Sheldon, Mr. Allen brought home to Eastover, Duke Furbelow 38116, a son of Duke of Connaught 33604, which like his first male purchase, turned out a success. In 1882, Big Ben 47486, Mr. Attwater's first prize bull at Bingley Hall, was bought for 72gs., and v hen his sons went in due time to be sold at the same place, the prices realized satisfied the owner. Duke of Wellington 51157, a son of Duke of Connaught 33604 and Wisdom, came from Berkeley, and preceded Winsome Duke 48969, of the same family, and a grand-son of the Duke of Connaught, thus Mr. Allen has a considerable amount of this bull's blood in his herd. Certainly Winsome Duke's shape and character cannot fail to leave a mark behind him. Eleven cows and heifers are found in a low lying meadow, near to the Railroad. Bangle, a remarkable 304 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. handsome cow, does great credit to her sire, Duke Furbelow, and is considered the best in the meadow, while of four in calf heifers, Benefit 2nd, by Lord Hindlip's Knight of Worcester 5th 48125, with a good wide loin and rib, is our choice. Thirteen more heifers are in a water meadow, where we find the best aftermath seen this season, and a number of nice coloured heifers (Bangle's daughter being one of the most prominent), by Big Ben 47486, speak well for the future prosperity of the herd. It is Mr. Allen's intention to continue breeding from his Saversnake purchases, and buy well bred bulls to use in the herd, his intention being to produce a good animal for both milking and grazing, and he informs us that he has found none better than a carefully bred shorthorn. Wiltshire, although some distance from Bingley Hall, has had the County very creditably represented at the annual young bull sales of late years, and for this it is mainly indebted to Mr. J. G. Att water, of Britford, whose contributions have not only been greatly admired, but keenly competed for by the public. Mr. Attwater c.ime to Britford about twenty-five years ago, having previously farmed on the Cotswolds, and pure bred cattle were first introduced on the farm at the sale of the larger portion of the Buderop herd in 1871, by the purchase of Moss Rose, named after the tribe from whence she sprang ; after breeding two heifers and a bull, she was sold to Mr. F. Stratton. Songstress, bought the following year at Bingley Hall, has only descendants through her daughter, Songstress 3rd. Mr. T. Hands' sale of 1877, supplied four Chances — a family descended from Mr. Lovells' stock at Edgecott — Lavender 10th and Miss Pearl 18th, tribes mentioned in connection with the Canley herd as being deep milkers. The Blanches and Didos came from Lord Sudeley's and Mr. Bowley's sales, and the Bell Bates Commemorations, were obtained from Mr. Harding in 1876. It has been Mr. Attwater's custom to usually purchase calves, in order that they might get acclimatized to his farm. With the exception of Mr. Sheldon's Lord Garland 6th 41864 and Duke Furbelow 38116 (a son of Duke of Connaught 33604 and Gladys), all the sires purchased have been of fashionable lineage, Duke of SHORTHORN" HERDS OF ENGLAND. 305 O/ilevrorth 31008, from that fine old cow Dora, being first purchased in 1872, and followed the year after by his own brothers, Second and Third Dukes of Berkeley, bought at Lord Fitzhardinge's sale. The Wild Eyes tribe have of late supplied three sires, viz : two Knights of Worcester, from Hiridlip, and Winsome Duke 48969, seen at Mr. Allen's, having been first brought South by Mr. Attwater. The thirty-eight cows in milk appear well able to contribute their share to the dairy, where butter making is carried on. Lavender 14th, has quite the character of a shorthorn, and Queen 7th, is a very level young cow, by Duke Furbelow 38116, from a daughter of one of the purchases at The Hawthorns. Pearl 6th and Pearl 8th, two light roans, the former with a particularly nice shaped udder, and the latter a thick massive cow, are not of the Canley sort, but trace to Pearl, a daughter of White Neptune, by 4th Duke of Thorndale 17750, obtained by Mr. Attwater from Mr. J. Stephen, in Hamp- shire. Alboni 2nd, a squarely built good cow, is out of Alboni, bred at Stonylane, while Moss Eoses, Fifth and Eighth, are from own sisteis, but by different sires. Several of the animals have not been turned from their byres into the yard, and amongst these we notice a useful red Pearl, of the Canley family ; three good Queens, all as useful as the first seen ; Dido 6th, out of a 3rd Duke of Clarence cow, bought at Siddington ; Ceres 23rd, from the older of the heifers purchased from Lord Sudeley. has but newly calved a red bull. Since the sale of Winsome Duke to Mr. Allen, Mr. Attwater has used two of his home bred young bulls, and he has several very promising youngsters coming on for Birmingham, but the heifers are out on some extra keep, which has had to be taken owing to the summer. On the estate of Bapton Manor, adjoining the river Wylie, belonging to Mr. J. D. AVillis, are found an excellent dairy of cows, not only with good udders, but many of them showing considerable shorthorn character, which as many are still uneligible for Coates', must be accounted for by the continued use of pedigree sires, beginning with Sunrise 25252, bought from Mr. J. Stratton, in 1867, no less than ten males of the blood of the Messrs. Stratton have * 306 SIIORTnORN" HERDS OF ENGLAND. been since used. Until two years ago, the female purchases had not been extensive, but at the Autumn sale at Bingley Hall a year ago, all the three prize cows were purchased by Mr. Willis, and several very good ones were bought at the Spring sale, while Mr. Bassett's herd supplied a nice Daisy cow and heifer, with one of the Koss G-wynnes, better known as Polly Gwynnes in Cumberland. A few of the favourites are together in the Park ; Maria, a home bred one, is very full of quality, but appears hardly of sufficient scale when compared with the massive red and white Musical from Maisey- hampton. Then Princess, unfortunately without the sufficient four crosses to be recognised as a " thoroughbred," is a beautiful roan, the winner of seventeen prizes, including second at the Bath and West Dorchester Meeting, whereas the year previous, she had been first in the dairy class, being bred at Bapton Manor, some idea of the good qualities of the dairy cows may be gathered, when one of the owner's own breeding can win in so important a meeting as the Bath and West in both the dairy and breeding classes, surely they ought to be all one, and may the day not be far distant when they are united in every breeding stock show in the Kingdom. Viola, another home bred, is a very attractive roan ; Constance Doon, a fine old cow, has distinguished herself by breeding Euckley ; a roan Eose of Oxford, and red and white Bessie, are names familiar with the contents of the herds at Southrop and Maiseyhampton. The team of show cattle are away, but arrive in time for an interview in the morning, when Cheerful Lad, a fourth prize bull at Biugley Hall, bred by Mr. Daniel Arkell, has been very successful locally, and is looked upon as the most promising of them for future honours ; he is exceedingly even and level, but a little more size would be to his advantage. Out of two or three dairy cows which had been exhibited, we prefer Blanche Duchess 4th, well known in Mr. J. J. Sharpe's hands, who exhibited her successfully at the London Dairy Show. In the calves, two roans from Edith Ailesbury and Mermaid, are looked upon with the greatest favour. As to the sires in service in this extensive herd, Mountain Chief 2nd 50080, a heavy fleshed white, shown at several of the leading Society's Meetings by Mr. E. Thompson, will SHORTHORN IIEKBS OF ENGLAND. 307 find a considerable change in roaming at large with the matrons, to his last year's work. Young Briton 49201, on'^ of the famous Aylesby Flowers, has many good points about him, while Fred Benedict 49606, is full of the blood that has been so famous at Carperby for being associated with prize winners. From Salisbury, we pass into the northern corner of Dorsetshire, and in the Vale of Blackmoor, the Rev. R. B. Kennard, at Marnhull, has been a breeder of shorthorns for nearly five and twenty years. The famous Siddington herd being first resorted to, but it was in 1865 that the foundations of the Lady Marnhulls and Queens (both names very familiar in connection with Mr. Kennard's herd), were obtained at Mr. Margetson's sale, in Wiltshire. The third family which has had a long and honourable connection with the name of Marnhull, are the Blossoms, tracing to Certainty's daughter, Bi-awith Lass, through the Hon. Noel Hill's Belinda, by Mr. Booth's Sir Roger 16991, and one of her produce, named Blossom, bred by the late Lord Penrhyn, coming into Mr. Kennard's possession, laid the foundation of what are now known as the Blossoms. The sires in service have generally contained a preponderance of Bates blood. Duke of Montrose 23771, a son of 7th Duke of York 17754, from Duchess of Richmond, a grand-daughter of Ursula, was first purchased from Mr. Stiles Rich, then the Brailes herd supplied Lord Stanley 2nd 26745, of the Surmise tribe. Lord Braybrooke's Grand Duke of Oxford 28763, proved the sire of the illustrious Queen Mary, the winner of the Havering Park Challenge Cup three tiraes in succession, and for three years she occupied premier place in her class at the Royal, while as the sequence numerous other victories resulted. The 7th Duke of York's blood was further introduced in the herd by the use of the Gazelle bull, Lord Fitzclarence 24th 401 63. Prince of Geneva 22nd 43824, one of the best young bulls at the dispersion of the Churchill Heath herd, had the least Bates blood in his pedigree of any of the purchased sires used at Marnhull ; he traced to No. 40, Chilton sale, through Pye, which was a very favourite family at Broadmoor, and had Grand Duke of Geneva 2nd 31288, for sire and grand-sire, with Col. Townley's Royal Butterfly 20th 25007, a degree 303 SlIOUTIIOKN HERDS OF ENGLAND. further away. Montrose 45261, bought at the Yardley sale of 1882, brought in a combination of the Knightley and Eoggathorpe blood, which was still further diffused into the herd two years later, by the purchase at The Oaklands sale, of Grafin Foggathorpe 16th and Violetta 2nd, the latter has departed without leaving any female descendants, but the former has bred Foggathorpe Prince 2nd 52890, to Montrose, now a goodly proportioned handsome dark red bull, verging on his second year, and doing service in the herd. The Queens number sixteen females, and although Queen Mary has long departed, her daughters, Queen Adelaide, Queen Victoria, and Queen Elizabeth, uphold the reputation of the family, and here it may be noticed that Queen Mary, after her successful show yard career continued breeding until ten years of age, and some of her descendants have also been conspicuous in the show ring. Two of Queen Mary's daughters, are included in a group of half-a-dozen, seen in quite the best pasture that has been noticed at the close of the extraordinary dry summer of 1887, which forms part of an estate recently acquired by Mr. Kennard,in order thatthe Queens, Blossoms, and Lady Marnhulls, may have space to increase and multiply, as they have hitherto had to be disposed of when they exceeded the accommodation at the Eectory farm. Out of eleven heifers and young cows, seven are of this tribe. Queen Lily, a light roan grand-daughter of Queen Victoria, is a nice young cow of medium size ; Queen Bess, by Montrose 45261, from Queen Elizabeth, is of great length, and particularly well ribbed ; and her half-sister, Queen Charlotte, is pronounced very good ; while Queen Margaret, her little daughter, by Lord Marnhull 3rd 49939 — a son of Prince of Geneva 22nd 43824 and Blossom 3rd — is a charming calf. Queen of the Vale and Queen Elizabeth, are amongst the cows in profit, while Queen of the Isles, the red and white heifer that last year was first both at the lioyal and West Meetings, occupies a comfortable box ; this season she again held her position at the latter Meeting, but failed to do so at Newcastle, where according to some of the critics she showed a falling off from her previous year's " form," she is'certainly very deep and good in her fore-quarters, whatever may be said to SHOETIIORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 309 the detriment of her hind ones. The most promising of tha young bulls is Eoyal Duke 4th, a very straight youngster, out of Queen Lily. The Lady Marnhulls have been on the premises for the same period as the Queens, and like the Blossoms were once in bygone days located at Penryhn Castle, Electra, the grand-dam of Juliet (Mr. Kennard's original purchase), having been bred there and sold in calf to Marmaduke 1485)7. The Dorchester winner. Lady Marnhull 19th, naturally receives most attention, she is a beautiful fronted heifer, and will another season, add further honours to the herd, which has already won so many with its females. The Seventeenth and Eighteenth, are own sisters, the former is well sprung in her rib, with plenty of width across her loin, her quarters are lengthy and nicely filled, and she has already earned a reputation as a breeder, by having had the Dorchester winner, while the latter is a deep wealthy heifer standing nearer to the ground than her sister. The Blossoms and the Lady Marnhulls were both drafted in preference to the Queens, when their joint numbers outgrew the accommodation. Blossom 6th, has a double cross of the Grand Duke of Oxford ; the light roan Eighth, is a very level heifer ; and the Ninth, a nice young cow, is helping to supply the house and calves with milk. Several other families have been added since the purchase of additional land by Mr. Kennard, amongst which there is none better than Grrafin Foggathorpe 16th, from The Oaklands. She is a large framed massive cow, fit for a place in any herd. Rosy and her daughter, Rosalind, are of the Knightley Rosy family, the dam of the former being bought in calf at the same time as the Foggathorpe cow. Niobe 19th, combining both flesh producing qualities and milk in no small degree, with Lavender 19th and Amy Robsart, were purchased at Stoneylane, and have proved themselves a thoroughly useful class of cattle. From Marnhull, a dozen miles drive across a not too prepossessing part of the county, so far as the breeding of high class shorthorns are concerned, and Castle Hill, — situate quite in accordance with its name — is reached. In the midst of heavy rain, we adjourn to the buildings, where the small herd are found comfortably housed in loose 310 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. boxes, apparently with the intention of not returning to their pastures until morning, although the month of August is not yet expired. Mr. T. Holford's shorthorns were formerly bred at Papillon Hall, and in those days the owner's name was known as a purchaser of several of the highest bred females in this country, as well as on the other side of the Atlantic. At New York Mills in 1873, one of the purest of the Oxfords was obtained, as well as Lady "Worcester 4th — exported from this country — and her heifer. Nothing daunted by bad luck with the American Oxford, l,100gs. was paid the following year for Baroness Oxford 3rd, at Holker, which proved one of the most fo1 tunate of Mr. Holford's purchases. Three years later, the States supplied Airdrie Duchess 6th and Airdrie Duchess Tthfor the Papillon herd. Many other highly bred Bates and Knightley animals were purchased, and Grand Duke 23rd 34063, out of that famous old cow, Griand Duchess 17th, was in service for ten years: during his latter days, he was assisted by his son, Viscount Oxford 2nd 42558, who is still seen at Castle Hill. A single sale has been held at each of the two abodes of the herd, over "eight hundred" was realized for a Winsome on the fiist occasion, while at the latter nearly double was reached when Duchess of Leicester 3rd came into the ring. No females have been bought since the 1883 sale, and the herd includes only "Waterloos, excepting the already mentioned Duchesses and Oxfords. Airdrie Duchess 6th and Airdrie Duchess 7th, were descended from Mr. Alexander's Duchess of Airdrie 10th, sold by him to Mr. Gr. Murray, of Racine, in whose possession she had five heifers, the family being afterwards sold to the Hon. M. H. Cochrane, at whose sale Mr. A. Crane, of Kansas, bought two of the daughters, at a cost of over $20,000 each, in calf to Second and Fourth Dukes of Hill- hurst, the two heifers sold to Mr. Holford being the result. The Duchesses of Leicester, are now five in number, consisting of the Second (out of the older imported heifer), her two daughters, the Ninth and Eleventh; the Fifth (from Airdrie Duchess 7th), and her yearling daughter, the Tenth. The South Americans have recently carried away the Eighth, a half-sister to the Fifth, she being only the second female of this noble family exported to that country. SHOJiTHOllN IIE11US OF ENGLAND. 311 Duchess of Leicester 2nd, a magnificent red of great scale, showing abundance of constitution, is worthy of being at the head of any family, and especially of the Duchesses. Of her two heifers, we are inclined to prefer the younger, a very pretty calf, doing credit to the Barrington as a sire, while the older has the great substance of the dam, but hardly appears so level on her top as is desirable. Duchess of Leicester 5th, the last of the Sholebioke bull's produce, lacks the substance of the Second, but her yearling heifer, by Duke of Vittoria 5th 49486, shows an improvement in this respect, and is one of the most even of the heifers at Castle Hill, while a red bull calf of June last, will in all probability develope into the best looking of three Dukes of Leicester, as he is exceedingly promising. Viscountess Oxford, a nice old red in her llth year, is from the 1,100 guinea Holker purchase, and the mother of two good heifers, by the Waterloo and Barrington sires, the former being safe in calf to Duke of Vittoria 8th. Viscount Oxford 2nd, own brother to Viscountess Oxford, was largely used, until the purchase of Duke of Barrington 15th, and in his ninth year appears as hearty and vigorous as ever. Lady Geneva Waterloo, bought at Lathom in 1875, has been an excellent breeder, and only a couple of months ago, added Duke of Vittoria 12th, to the herd. She is worthy of the Grivendale branch to which she belongs, being out of a daughter of the " Patriot" cow, the ancestress of many excellent animals. Duchess of Vittoria. a lengthy good sort, suckles a pretty red cow calf, while her two half- sisters, by Duke of Leicester 3rd 46256, the highest priced male at the last sale, will hardly grow into her equal, yet the younger has a great lengthy youngster by her side. In addition to trying a Waterloo cross on both the Duchesses and Oxfords, Mr. Holf'ord has purchased Duke of Barrington 15th 52745, — a son of Prince Saladin 3rd 43852, and Mr. Sheldon's Duchess of Barrington, — half-brother to the better known Duke of Barrington 10th. He is a dark red, with a good frame well knit together, but a little additional length in his neck, would have given him a more commanding appear- ance as he approaches his visitors. 312 SHOltTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. Jn neither of the two Western Counties are herds of pure bred shorthorns so numerous as could be desired, yet Messrs. Baillie, Basset, Horswell and Scratton, in the former, and Messrs. Hosken and Trethewy, in the latter, have been successfully associated with the breed for some years, long may they continue, and many may be the adherents they may gain to the breed of the civilized world ! The native cattle are hard to supplant, as the butchers have a strong inclination in their favour at the present day, but when the internal wants increase of those vast tracts of country, which now send us their surplus supply of stock, then will the farming community of all classes in the Counties of Devon and Cornwall, awaken to the important fact that the improved shorthorn is the breed to occupy their pastures, be it hill or dale, excepting portions of the Moorland in the former County. On reaching Exeter, a hurried drive across the ancient Cathedral City, brings us to the line which proceeds coastwards, a little over the hour finds us at Newton Abbott, to the north of which town are situate the two Ogwells, at West Ogwell, Mr. D. K. Scratton resides, and in the Park graze both the short- horn and Jersey cows, the former, numbering thirty-two, have divided themselves from their companions and in a roan Lally we find Mr. Scratton has returned to the name given by Mr. Bell to Lady Barrington 2nd's own sister, Olive Leaf, whence have originated not only the Lally s "proper" of Winterfold fame, but many of what are now known as Barringtons, chiefly through Lally's daughter Laurel, and known as Countesses. Duchesses and Princesses of Barrington at Brailes and Holker. Olive Leaf 6th, is thus the first of the old tribal name arrived at Ogwell, her dam, Oxford Lally 2nd, from Lally 7th, bred by Mr. C. W. Harvey, a lengthy useful cow impresses us most favourably, and a red young bull of the family bears inspection. Mr. Scratton acquired the tribe by the purchase of Lally 7th and her two daughters, from Ashdown House. The next most fashionable family are the Kirklevingtons, which also passed through pretty well the same ownership as the Lallys, until Kirklevington 20th, passed out of Mr. Harward's possession into that of Mr. Leney's, in 1871, for 55gs. as a doubtful breeder, SUOllTIIORN HEEDS OF ENGLAND. 313 and after travelling into Leicestershire, she was purchased privately from Mr. Lister along with Kirklevington 24th, but all the descen- dants at Ogwell trace to the former, two of her daughters, Cherry Kirklevington 2nd — possessing one of the largest frames in the Park — and Lally Kirklevington, a good red cow, are still in the herd, but still better is Baroness Kirklevington, out of an older sister, Cherry Kirklevington. Mr. Seratton certainly sets a good example to other breeders in the naming of this tribe, as when Lally Kirklevington is bred to Baron Hillhurst 41037— a son of Third Duke of Hillhurst 30975 and Siddington 16th — wre find the produce is Double Kirklevington 7th, a heit'er having a promising show of milk, while "Winsome Kirklevington is the produce of Lord Fevevsham's Baron "Winsome Oxford 45952 — bought to succeed Baron Hillhurst — and Double Kirklevington 3rd, Cherry Kirklevington and Lally Kirk- levington, denoting that their sires are of the Cherry Duchess and Lally families. The Duchess Nancys, formerly in the possession of Messrs. Bell, were first obtained at Sproatley Eise, in 1876, by the purchase of Duchess 3rd, Duchess of Clarence 3rd, Duchess of Clarence 10th and Lady Clarence, the two last named are a grand pair of old cows, the " numbered " one being especially deep in front. Baroness Nancy, squarely built and of considerable length, excepting Duchess of Clarence 10th, may be pronounced the best of the tribe amongst the "thirty-two," although Lady Clarence 4th, a light roan from our favourite, is a lengthy good sort, and a young roan is briefly noted as " pretty." Amongst the heifers, Clara 4th, we observe has a Duchess Nancy bull of Mr. Scratton's breeding for sire, v>hile three calves, known as Oxford Nettles, by King of Oxford, augur well for the future prosperity of the family at Ogwell, which has now increased to sixteen. The remaining two tribes — Wild Eyes and Gwynnes — have a much longer recorded descent than any hitherto previously mentioned. Lady Wild Eyes A. and Lady Wild Eyes B., are from two cows purchased at Berkeley, by those excellent sires, Grand Duke of Waterloo and Second Duke of Tregunter, out of .dams by Mr. Oliver's Cherry Grand Dukes, beyond are Sir Charles Knightley's 314 S1IORTHOEN HERDS OF ENULA.ND. Touchstone 20986 and Mr. Hall's Weathercock 1815, the latter sire's produce being out of Mr. Bates' Wild Eyes 27th, by 2nd Cleveland Lad 3408, and excepting one female seen at Berkeley, the whole of the descendants of Wild Eyes 27th are limited to the three animals found at Ogwell. The red and little white (Lady Wild Eyes A.), has Duke of Connaught for sire, and while the white has Baron Hillhurst, it is to be hoped that with such a pair of useful cows as a foundation, the tribe will now multiply as freely as most of the; others have done for their owner. The Gwynnes include a number of Mr. Scratton's finest cows, which appear to flourish and multiply equally in a southern county as in either Cumbfrland or Westmorland, where they are held in high esteem by the farmers, on account of their good qualifies, and it will be difficult to find any one tribe that has made for itself so popular a name throughout the country. Nearly a score of animals are descended from Alice Gwynne — out of Flora Gwynne, bred at Biddenham — bought eleven years ago from Mr. J. W. Larking, and Geneva Gwynne, the oldest of her four daughters grazing in the Park, is a fine massive red and white, possessing Messrs. Leney's Grand Duke of Geneva 28756 for sire. Alma Gwynne is possessed of good dairy properties, it is the exception to find the tribe either here or elsewhere otherwise, if they have been rationally treated. Barrington Gwynne 6th, by Lally's Hillhurst Duke 2nd 38539, another excellent daughter of the old cow, is hardly the equal of Amy Gwynne, a grand-daughter of Alice Gwynne, strikingly handsome with her well sprung ribs, excellent back and loin and lengthy hind quarters, while her fore ones are equally good, and in addition possessing the general character of a thorough shorthorn ; she had bred a very straight heifer, Ariel Gwynne, to Baron Winsome Oxford. Out of ten heifers, including Kirklevington and Duchess Nancys, the favourites are Aster Gwynne and Albani Gwynne, and in a younger generation, Auburn Gwynne and Artemas Gwynne, are considered to distance their companions of the same families. Baroness Gwynne and Baroness Gwynne 2nd, own sisters, are from a daughter of Double Gwynne, bred at Eongholm, where she escaped the addition of any SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 315 of the Booth bulls used by the late Mr. J. Caddy, excepting a half cross through her sire, Kufus, who was a grandson of the Blencow purchase. Both crosses do equal credit to the family with the other branch, but do not appear to have been so much given to heifer treed ing. Mr. Scratton purchased King of Oxford, one of the purest- young Oxford bulls in existence, at the East Donyland sale, he is a son of Knight of Oxford 3id 43441 and Duchess of Oxford 2nd. The calves that have been dropped by this handsome young Bates sire, are full of promise and as his predecessor — Baron Winsome Oxford 451)52 — or more piops.ly speaking his senior partner (he being still seen at a farm some distance from the home buildings), is a massive deep red, the colours must be satisfactory and excepting the white Wild Eyes, there is not a single shorthorn of this colour on the estate, this is accounted for by the preference Mr. Scratton has shown for using red sires, Cherry Duke 6th 30705. the one in service at Mr. Scratton's draft sale of nine years ago, since which date the herd has been composed of the families mentioned. Baron Oxford 2nd 23376, the next sire is described as red and little white in Coates', and Baron Hillhurst 41037, a roan, but by a dark red sire, preceded the "Winsome from Duncombe, one of the most highly bred of the tribe. The calves are reared without any hard feeding, running out in the enclosure adjoining a commodious set of new buildings recently erected at the Home Farm, afterwards earning their living on the hill sides, which are not the richest of Devonshire pastures, and it is thus not until their second calf that they are seen at their best. Chudleigh, to the north-east of Newton Abbott, is situate midway betwixt the station of that name and Eilleigh, the residence of Mr. Evan Baillie, whose herd is confined to three families, if we exclude the sire, Baron Bright Eyes 2nd, bred at Park-le-Breos by Sir Hussey Vivian. The Darlingtons and Kirklevingtons trace to purchases made in the autumn of 1879, Mr. Sheldons's Brailes herd supplying Countess of Darlington, then in her ninth year, and Mr. Geo. Allen's sale at Knightley Hall, a yearling heifer named 316 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. Kirklevington Lady 8th. Both were sent for service to Berkeley Castle, the cow to Duke of Connaught 33004, and the heifer to Duke of Oxford 45th 39775, cow calves resulted and Countess of Darlington 2nd, was the first female the dain had ever bred. The Kirklevingtons have been especially prolific, they now consisting of the original purchase, five daughters, ten grand-daughters, and two great-grand-daughters, a total of eighteen females. Certainly the old matron, still a very handsome Batf\s like cow, is very blooming, and due to calve again in the winter months, appearing quite equal to adding to the herd still more of the Lady Filleigh Kirklevingtons, all the younger members of the family being of this name, excepting the oldest daughter, known as Lady Oxford Kirklevington ; the daughter, like the dam, is very good looking, but we are inclined to linger perhaps a little longer time in viewing the beauties of the older of the pair. Nearly all the younger specimens are grouped together in the pretty little Park in front of Mr. Baillie's residence, no less than nine are counted, the youngest being the Thirteenth. The Seventh is very pretty : the Sixth, the only one not considered a safe breeder ; the Fifth, a rather " piebald " red and white, is otherwise a good heifer, and has the Eev. P. Graham's Lord Turn- croft Oxford 2nd 38668, for sire — used for four seasons at Filleigh after he left Tortworth — like the Fourth, a very fine light roan, which produced the Tenth, also in the Park, to Lord Clwyd 2nd 49892, before she was two years old. The Ninth, the result of the double cross of the Oxford bull, is hardly the success we should have anticipated from so good a looking bull, but his ten other daughters are a handsome lot, the Seventh being without doubt the prettiest and most attractive heifer of the tribe. In addition to the two older matrons already mentioned, there are the three first Lady Fi Heigh Kirklevingtons, all large roomy cows and especially level and good is the dark red, the youngest of the two. The Darlingtons represent four generations, Countess of Darling- ton 2nd, showing no lack of that beautiful character impressed on his progeny by that noble sire, Duke of Connaught, has been a regular breeder, but hitherto only bulls have resulted, the last SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 317 youngster, Double Duke of Connaught, so named on account of having the "Duke" for grandsire on both sides, is very promising. Countess of Darlington 3rd, a stylish young cow, was the second calf bred by the old Countess at Filleigh, and in turn has added Countess of Darlington 4th, a swaet lady-like heifer which vies with Lady Filleigh Kirklevington 7th, for the honours of the Park, with her neat and proportionate frame, covered with an excellent quality of flesh. Mr. Baillie purchased Princess of the Valley, one of the purest of Mr. Eobert Colling's Princesses at the last Killhow sale, and although hitherto a breeder of males, yet when she migrated southwards, a heifer calf was born, but unfortunately the owner had the bad luck to lose it, she is now in calf again, it is to be hoped so well bred a cow will not retire from breeding, before leaving a daughter to continue this valuable line of blood in the herd. Sir Hussey Vivian's Baron Bright Eyes 2nd, a son of Duke of Oxford 70th 51141 and Lady Bright Eyes 2nd, purchased at Bingley Hall last March has developed into a very level yearling, he is a capital dark red, and his good colour and flesh combined must make him a successful sire at Eilleigh. Mr. Baillie has since our visit added another valuable Bates family of shorthorns to his herd by purchasing at the dispersion of the late Mr. R. Bobbins' herd, Lady Waterloo 16th and Lady Waterloo 19th, the latter considered to be the pick of the family dispersed by Mr. Lythall. The Messrs. Horswell have been connected with shorthorn breeding in the county for over twenty years, but only one of the sons of Mr. James Horswell has now a herd of pure bred cattle, and that consisting of some twenty five females, is located at Week, a farm three miles from Lidford Junction, on the Plymouth, Tavistock and Launceston line, which was given up to Mr. William Horswell twenty-two years ago, by his father. Mr. J. F. Phillips' sale in 1860, contributed the foundation of the two principal families, Lady Barrington 2nd (familiarly known as the "Weathercock" cow), out of Mr. Bell's Lady Barrington 10th, by Second Duke of Oxford 9046, as well as Vanquish (bred by the late Earl Ducie), a daughter of Fourth Duke of York 10167 and Victorine, which had Second 318 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. Duke of York for grand-sire, and the well known Usurer stood even a degree closer in relationship. Bates 12452, an own brother to Lady Harrington 2nd, was purchased at Broomborough, Lord Barrington 18213 and General Barrington 21810, of the same family succeeding him. In 1869, Baron Oxford 2nd 23376 — sold when a yearling at Havering Park for 500gs. — was purchased and used until twelve years old, in the herds of the two brothers, in conjunction with Duke of Gaddesby 30956, bought from Mr. Cheney in 1872, and when offered at the sale in 1878 with a reserve of 80gs. upon him, he was claimed by Mr. Scratton, from whom two days previously Lally's Hillhurst Duke 38538, a son of Third Duke of Hillhurst 30975 and Lally 7th, had been purchased, most of the cows now seen at Week are his daughters, and especially to be noted are Oxford Duchess 26th and Oxford Duchess 28th, own sisters, out of Oxford Duchess 7th, but more to the fancy of the purist would be Oxford Duchess 27th and Oxford Duchess 31st, which have not the Vanquish bull, First Earl Ducie 23714, in their pedigree, although the Vanquishes are full of good blood as already stated, and Mr. Horsewell has certainly a branch of the popular Barringtons which with judicious crossing will be eagerly sought after in the future. The cows are of medium size, with good frames and plenty of constitution, suitable for withstanding the somewhat exposed sit- uation of the farm, which is situate under Brent Tor, the highest point in the county. What has been written of the characteristics of the Barringtons, is equally applicable to the Vanquishes. The Blooms descended from the Rev. H. Berry's Gazelle, and the Knightley Cold Creams, the two other tribes bred at Week, have been similarly crossed as the other families, and are now known as the Oxford Blooms and Oxford Cherry s. Lord Silloth 46704, as he grazes contentedly on one of the hillside pastures with a number of steers and barreners, looks remarkably well for his age and is a level heavy fleshed bull ; he was sired by Duke of Underley 30745, from Red Rose of Strathearne, bred at Dunmore. The son, Oxford Duke 38th, like the sire is of a deep red, and he too is oul in the pastures earning SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 319 his living, yet without any extra flesh he displays a trueness of outline that would be desirable to many males exhibited in our county and other showy ards. The prices realized at what might be termed the dispersion of the Pilton herd, bred carefully by Mr. C. H. Bassett for the past twenty years, and consisting of the Old Daisy and Gwynne families — with the exception of three Lady Worcesters— is sufficient evidence that the dozen females retained as the nucleus of a future herd will not be found wanting on the score of individual merit. Considering that the animals were sold away from their homestead, after a long journey, Mr. Bassett may be congratulated on having the most successful of the spring series of sales in 1887. The herd had since the Pencraig Court sale of 1879 been bred principally from the two families previously mentioned, highly bred Bates bulls having been used, and animals have been occasionally sent to the Bath and West, and neighbouring County shows, where they invariably obtained honours, and the bulk of the herd were most reluctantly parted with on the occasion of the owner accepting the Mastership of the Devon and Somerset Staghounds, which entails his residing three fourths of the year in proximity to the kennels, situate in the neigbouring County. Carmine, an exceedingly heavy milker and good breeder, was retained on account of her advanced age. Hill- side Daisy, the only daughter of Carmine, now at Pilton, has recently been taken in ftom grass, with the intention of winning at the local Christmas Fat Stock Shows, she is very even, and with a little longer time might have competed successfully at the larger ones. Dapple Daisy and Exinoor Daisy, are a pair of Baron Oxford 3rd's daughters, the former a fine lengthy heifer, very good and wide across her loin, was beaten by Darling Daisy (the highest priced animal at the sale), in the show ring, but another season if they meet, probably the verdict will be reversed. .Regalia Daisy, a roan of great substance, but rather failing in her quarters, with a red heifer calf out of Delight — consequently half sister to Darling Daisy — complete the members of the tribe now at Pilton. Lady Ashton Gwynne 2nd, an exceedingly handsome young cow, is from Lady 320 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. Ashton Gwynne, considered the best of the family offered to the public, but where the daughter is seen, \ve are inclined to think the best remained at Pilton. A pair of charming red heifer calves from mother and daughter, are all that are left to represent Nell Gwynne. At the dispersion of Mr. Henry Lovatt's well known herd, the Harrington tribe was first introduced by the purchase of Lady Thorndale and Glo'ster Bates, an animal of fine shorthorn character, and her daughter, Lady Oxford Bates 2nd, a neat arch ribbed young cow, notwithstanding a term of idleness since coming South, she does not appear likely to develope into the grand stamp of a cow as her dam. The latter bred her new owner a red heifer, to Duke of Gloucester 7th 39735, and more recently a roan bull, by Prince of Cranes 2nd 45387. Lady Bates llth, an attractive roan of immense substance, was shortly afterwards added at the Osgodby sale, whence came Lord Wild Eyes 7th 53233, the best of the young bulls, he has quite fulfilled the promise of his earlier days, as he walks towards us, there is no mistaking the fact of his being of noble lineage (he is a son of Duke of Leicester 43112 and \Vild Eyes I.), as he proudly shows a head such as every sire ought to possess, with neck — or perhaps more correctly described as crest — and brisket to correspond, in addition to a level, lengthy carcase, of excellent quality. Duke of Kirklevington 2nd 51131, a neat compact bull, accompanied the Lady Bates' from Dringhouses, and is the sire of some very promising calves. The buildings, of recent construction, do not fail to bear comparison, with the rich pastures around them, and on our next visit to the county of the " Devon and Somerset " we shall hope to find one of the finest herds in the kingdom, in the possession of the popular Master of the ;t Devon and Somerset." After many delays Cornwall is reached by way of Plymouth, and as the honour of the county has been for many years almost solely entrusted to Messrs. AV. Hosken and Son, when the annual Royal and other leading show meetings have year by year been held — and right well have they done their duty ever since Prince Frederick was sent to Battersea in '03 — we at once travel direct to the head- quarters of shorthorn breeding in the wed 3rn county, ETayle SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 321 reached in a regular downpour, welcomed generally by agriculturists, but not especially by the travellers or ^he town, the latter being quite en fete with its regatta, and later in the evening the first carnival ever held takes place, which if judged by its success, promises well for its repetition. On our arrival at the station, Mr. S. Hosken — who has had the management of the herd since its commencement — is found to be at Penzance, continuing our journey thither, and finding the genial owner, we are shown the attractions of the pleasant little watering place, where geraniums bloom all the year round, and it is a matter of regret that time cannot well be found to visit Lord St. Levan's beautiful " Island Palace," known as St. Michael's Mount. Before referring to the herd, some slight mention of the farm on which the animals, so greatly admired when exhibited, have been bred. Forty years ago, when the farm of two hundred acres was taken by Messrs. Hosken, where the herd is located, the sole live stock consisted of a couple of cows, with the same number of horses and a pig, fences were conspicuous by their absence and the greater part of the land, which was then mere waste, has since been reclaimed and replaced by herbage very creditable to the occupiers, while thoroughly first rate fences, a combination of stone and soil up to a height of four feet and on the top thorns, grow as well as the strong winds will permit, but when it is mentioned that the farm is situate bordering upon the mighty Atlantic, with many of the fields at a height considerably above sea level, it is a close fight even for the hardy thorn to gain a victory, and it is impossible for timber trees to make any progress under such unpropitious circumstances. Here short- horns not only exist, but thrive and multiply exceedingly, buyers from all parts of the world have visited the Messrs. Hosken and their herd, and during the present season, animals have been sent to Buenos Ayres and South Africa, while not the least object of interest is the visitor's book showing that visitors, not only from nearly every part of the United Kingdom, but from the American, Australian, and INew Zealand Colonies, as well as from the European Continent and w 322 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. far off India, have found their waj hither, and their many comments are favourable to the herd and their owners, one especially is worth quoting, " those who think that shorthorns are ill adapted to light soil and exposed situations, should see Messrs. Hosken's magnificent herd and witness the contrary." There is nothing like a good foundation, and Babraham, by sending Agnes 2nd and Miss Fisher into Cornwall, laid the " corner stone " of one of the most extensive and finest herds in this country, now numbering over eighty head. No exact record has been kept of the number of prizes won, but between two and three hundred honours have been gained at the Royal Cornwall, Devon County, Bath and West of England, and Royal Agricultural Society's Meetings. It would have been impossible to take this high position in the showyards if first class stud bulls had not been bought from time to time to use on the Babraham purchases, and the additional ones afterwards made from Messrs. Thomas and George Game, and Mr. John Lane, of Cirencester, within a dozen years of the founding of the herd in 1856. Fancy, acquired in early days must not be omitted, although having at the time, only one registered cross of shorthorn blood. Prince Frederick 16734, purchased in 1860, from Mr. Langston's hjrd at Sarsden Lodge, was followed by Earl of Oxford 2nd 23844, and Baron Wild Eyes 2nd 30497, from the Wetherby herd, thon in the height of its fame. Duke of Oxford 33rd 36528, came from Holker and for a successor, Underlay was visited, where Grand Duke 34th 41642. a son of Duke of Underley 33745 and Grand Duchess 23rd, was obtained at a high figure. Nine and a half years old, this handsome Duchess bull is as active and vigorous as ever, and he has certainly done good service for Messrs. Hosken, and the same can justly be said of his com- panion, Grand Duke of Oxford 5th 43318, out of that fine cow, Grand Duchess of Oxford 7th, bought by Lord Penrhyn at the Holker sale of 1871 for 915gs. The Oxford is of great length and very level, but not possessing the Grand Duke's thorough Bates like appearance, immense substance and compact frame, he is hardly so SIIORTHOKX HERBS OF ENGLAND. 323 much admired as the latter, although he has to his credit the most beautiful heifer in the herd — Alexandria 9th — acknowledged at the two last Royal shows by the judges to be the second best in the kingdom, while on her first appearance at Preston she was placed at the head of her class. No female descendants trace to Mr. Jonas "Webb's Agnes 2nd, but in the male line she is very creditably represented by Marquis of Bute 53275, a compact grandly fleshed red and white son of: Duke of Hayle 60th 49450 and Laura 6th, which was exhibited with a fair amount of success during the past few months, excepting at Newcastle. Miss Fisher has Carnations, Kathleens, Keepsakes, and Ruths, all owning her for ancestress, the last named branch is now limited to Ruth 8th, one of the old fashioned red and whites. Kathleen 6th, one of Duke of Oxford 33rd's daughters, besides being the mother of a wealthy good heifer, (Kathleen 10th) is a nice old shorthorn like cow. Carnation 8th, a deep milker, like many more of the Loggans Mill cows, has a two year old son, Colonel, doing occasional service with the heifers, one of his calves, a roan bull, from Duchess of Townley 12th, is considered the best of the sex. The most numerous family trace to Jocund, who in turn originated from Mr. R. Ceilings' Princess, which are now distin- guished by the names of Countesses of Oxford, Miss Adas, and Duchesses of Townley, the last named being a branch of the Miss Adas. Of the two Countess of Oxford heifers, the dark roan is very straight on her top, and at the head of the Duchess of Townleys is a beautiful aged cow — Duchess of Townley 3rd — the mother of three daughters in the herd, the eldest being the dam of a capital dark red heifer calf. The Miss Adas number more than the two other branches combined, and of their matron, the Thirteenth, it is said that she has never bred a bad one. The Twentj -second, a wealthy good sort with a particular good underline, has been winning at the recent Royal Cornwall Show, while the Twenty-fouith is considered one of the best of the yearlings, and a red calf, the choice of eight calves turned out in the pasture for exercise. After naming Princess Ellen's calf — the dam being bought at Churchill Heath — Miss Game, 324 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLA.ND. her daughter, acquired the name of Baroness, which with numerals attached has founded quite a tribe of that name. The Sixteenth, a robust arch ribbed roan, with her own sister and a roan calf, are now what remain of the tribe. Maid of Athens, a first prize heifer at the Battersea Eoyal, was obtained at Mr. John Lane's sale in a doubtful state as to breeding, she however bred Messrs. Hosken, Alexandria, which iii turn produced Alexandria 5th, the dam of the beautiful roan heifer — Alexandria 9th — so greatly admired during the past three show seasons, she is full of quality, very level and carries herself with considerable style. This family has two more very good heifers in the Tenth, which is preferred to the recent winner at the Eoyal Cornwall, and the Eleventh, a pretty white calf out of the Ninth. A couple of Maid of Promises descend from a cow of that name, bought from Mr. John Lane, and the same numbers of Sylvias also come from a Gloucestershire purchase, called Stately, bred at Broadmoor, the latter, two own sisters have both been successful in the show yard, the Eleventh, with her grand width of chest, magnificent ribs, back and loin, will make one of the handsomest cows in the Loggans Mill herd, while the Thirteenth was only beaten by Alexandria 9th, when sent to Cainborne. Eeference has been made to the purchase of Fancy from Mr. Kendal, by the use of good sires the owners have been enabled to win as many prizes with the Butterflys, Gertrudes, and Rose of Oxfords, as any of their other families, the first branch are limited to Butterfly 15th. Gertrude 5th, one of the best of Grand Duke 34th's daughters, possesses obliquely laid shoulders, a fine dewlap, grand ribs, wide back and loin, with a good underline. As a heifer she was second at the Eoyal Reading, the previous year being reserve at Derby, and her daughter, Gertrude 7th, is one of the squarest made cows on the farm. Eose of Oxford 5th, from Eose of Oxford 3rd, which secured places both at Bristol and Kilburn, has bred the winner at the late county show, a very smart heifer. For twenty years no females were added to the herd, but at Hindlip the rule was broken through, and Countess of Worcester, a hand- SHOllTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 325 some red cow was purchased along with a somewhat doubtful Oxford, the former though aged, still bears traces of her beauty, and the owners may be thought fortunate in obtaining a red heifer from her. Of the three Waterloos from Pool Park, Lady Blithfield 2nd, a lengthy light roan impresses us the most favourably. The best of the Belles of Oxford — -the red and white Twelfth — was purchased at the dispersion of the famous Penryhn Castle herd, and has since recently brought a cow calf, thus Messrs. Hosken have in late years added three fashionable families to the herd, and may they be as successful with them as with the old well tried sorts. On returning from Hayle our first halting place is Scorrier, to visit Mr. GL Williams' herd at Sconier House, which was founded as long ago as 1853, by the purchase of several females, of which Columbine, bred by Mr. H. W. Beauford, out of a Third Duke of Northumberland cow, but by Mr. Booth's Diamond 5918, has proved the most prolific, many of the present herd being now descended from her, and several handsome framed red cows, with deep chests, wide loins and good ribs, are greatly admired in the Park, especially must be noticed Cowslip, standing near to the ground with beautiful shoulders and abundance of hair and flesh, and her half- sister, Columbine, is of the same short legged stamp, very level on her top and well filled in her quarters. Picotee. from Cowslip, is well sprung in her rib and straight in her lines, but hardly so massive as her sister. Carnation, equally as level an animal, while a third own sister, Pink, having a big bull calf suckling her, is not seen under such favourable conditions. Clover, a nice young cow, out of Columbine, has a red cow calf running by her side. Ehodo- dendron, is a good old sort, by a home bred sire, and Wild Euth, Wild Eose and Wild Flower, are also pointed out as of the same descent, the last named being a particularly stylish heifer. The Pool Park' sale contributed York's Certainty Duchess 3rd and Lady Clwyd 5th, to the herd, but when compared to (he home bred cattle, we must admit the superiority of the latter, while Bracelet 44th, obtained at Preston Hall, and her heifer, do not make an exception to this opinion. The Pool Park purchases came in calf to Lord 326 SHORTHORN HERDS OF EITGLATCI). Roseberry 51644, and a red and white bull from the Waterloo may probably be used to succeed "Wild Duke of Geneva 24th 53859, a deep red of nice quality, bred at Cragside, now in service. He was preceded by Mr. G. Fox's Viscount Barrington 50604, uniting the Lady Bates and Holker branch of the Barringtons ; Lord Shendish Charmer 45160 and Lord Ashton Wild Eyes 34485, sons of 2nd Duke of Hillhurst 39748 and 3rd Duke of Tregunter 31026, from dams of the tribes denoted by their names. The late Mr. H. Trethewy— father of Mr. W. Trefchewy, of Tregoose, about one mile distant from Grampound Road, the Station nearer to Plymouth than Scorrier — was sent by the Probus Farmer's Club (one of the earliest) as its commissioner, to the York Royal Meeting in 1848, and as the result Capt. Duncornbe's Frantick 8088, bred by the Earl of Carlisle, came into Cornwall. In the same year Lord Sherborne's sale was attended, by a quartette of Cornish men for the improvement of the stock in the County, afterwards on the division of these animals and their produce, Ruth 2nd, a daughter of Ruth 1st, bought in Gloucestershire, fell to Mr. Trethewy's share, and from this one cow over two hundred females have been bred at Trewithin. Rachel, the dam of Ruth 1st, was bred by Mr. Booth, of Cotham, and produced the Gold Medal heifer at Smithfield in 1845. Mr. Favvkes' Lord Fingal 11716, was the successor of Frantick, and afterwards the own brothers, Earl Ducie 12967 and Henry 1st 1 1571 — sons of Ruth 1st — were used. The Fawsley blood was introduced through Sir C. Knightley's Yandumper 23114, and Mr Fawkes' Farnley herd supplied another sire in Lord Montgomery 26686, while Duke of Manchester came from Lillingstone Dayrell, and Sir Roger 18863, a grandson of Mr. Ambler's Grand Turk, out of Yorkshire1. In later years, Kill or by supplied Croesus 30820, British Lion 30609, Wallenstein 39277, and M. C. 31898. Viscount Lismore 42557, bred by Mr. John Downing, and winner of the <£50 plate at Cork in 1879, followed the Killerby bulls, and evidently satisfied with the result, Mr. Trethewy visited the Sister Isle, and selected Star of Britain 48786, and his neighbour, Mr. Whitford, Star of Arundel 48784, at the Artfert sale, both belonged to the SliOliTIIOJtN 1IEH13S OF KN GLAND. 327 Medora family, and were sons of Star of Halnaby 44092. Five years ago, close on sixty head were offered by auction, and excepting Viscount Lismore, all were Ruths, the result being an average of within a shilling of <£34. The herd at present consists of about thirty females, and the stock bull, Larry 4(s599, came from Mr. Braikenridge's after three season's service at The Rookery, he is a red with little white, by Foreign Fitz-Roy 41570, from Louisa Eose, of the Ma?on Portia tribe, and is very lengthy with a good rib, capital giith, kindly masculine head, besides having a nice mellow touch. Most of the older cows and heifers are on the Trewithen farm, which adjoins Tregoose, where Mr. Trethewy resides. Ruth 184th, a light roan daughter of Viscount Lismore 42557, wonderfully well sprung in her rib, is the first to be noticed, but the Ninetieth, a deep framed red and white is the oldest of the family. Nos. 193, 195, and 197, do credit to the Star of Britain, especially the last named, which is considered a very taking young cow. Two red and whites, by the other Artfert bull have hitherto shown a disposition to grow upwards, but as they more fully mature, they will probably improve. On entering the Park in front of Mr. Hawkins' mansion, — Mr. Trethewy it may be added has the management of the estate — a red and white, with an especially nice udder attracts our attention, and is found to be No. 160, while No. 173, near at hand, is possessed of great substance, and has been a most regular breeder. Another Star of Britain young cow is very substantially put together, and so is No. 207, but the latter is slightly deficient behind the shoulders ; in this respect the Ruths are generally good, and by the use of Larrv, they will probably continue so. The next in number (208), is very straight and level, and is the only instance we have pointed out of a Ruth male mated with a female. A nice old white — No. 155 — by M. C., out of No. 110, must not be omitted notice. No. 205, a deep fleshy heifer, has just returned from Mr. Williams' Wild Duke of Geneva 24th. No. 172, is the best animal at Trewithen, and a really beautiful cow, quite fit for exhibition purposes, with her grand level top, round 328 SHORTHOR-N- HERDS or barrel, and handsome fore-quarters. Of three bull calves, a red and white, out of No. 90, attracts the most notice, but all are very promising, and so are a trio of heifers seen at Tregoose. At Budock-Vean, five miles from Falinouth, shorthorns were first introduced by Mr. W. E. T. Fender in 1853, when Woodbine, by Mr. Jonas Webb's Duke of York 9051, was purchased from Mr. S. Bennett, in the neighbourhood of Bedford, pure bred sires have since been used and at the sale of Mr. J. Tyacke's herd in 1876, Sappo 2nd and Silence, with a foundation full of Mr. Stratton's blood, and Lady Orchard 2nd and Lady Orchard 3rd, tracing to Familiar, through her daughter Charity, by Mr. Booth's Lord Greorge 10439, were purchased, and their female descendants number exactly fifteen each, chiefly reds and roans, full of hair and of good quality. Many of their sons have been sold to dairy farmers, thus speaking well for their milking qualities. In 1881, Cowslip 33rd and Roan Kitty, two Master of Arts heifers, and England's King 46826, a son of Royal Mowbray 42330 and England's Queen, of the Sylph tribe, were bought at the Ballywalter October sale, and five animals now trace to the latter. The only recent female purchase has been Water Nymph 6th, from Broughton. The sires used by Mr. Fender of late years in addition to England's King, have been Oscar 32007, of the Familiar tribe, bred at Helston, by Mr. Tyacke; Fawsley 41531, also bred in the county by Mr. W. Trethewy, from one of his Ruth cows, by the Killerby Croesus 30820; Monarch Gwynne 37103, a son of Mr. T. C. Booth's Lieutenant General 31600; British Wonder 44470, an Aylesby M. of Mr. Welsted's breeding ; and Star of the Forth 52212, now in service is a very good looking son of Star of Braithwaite 48785 and Flower of the Allan, a daughter of Flower of the Rhine, sold at the Aylesby sale, for 510gs. SHOBTHORN HEEDS OF ENGLAND. 329 CHAPTER XI IT. The Somersetshire Herds.— Dodhill House.— Coombe Lodge.— Elm Farm.—Stanton Prior. — Chew Court. — The Rookery. — Gloucester* shire Herds.— Toghill. — Badminton.— Didmarton.— Oldbury-on-the* II III. — Kingscote Park. — Horton. — TortWorth Court. — Heather* mead. -^-Berkeley Castle. — Royston. — Little Haresfield. — Maisemore Court. Herds of shorthorn cattle are not numerous even in Somerset- shire, until the important west country town of Bristol is reached, our journey is however broken at Taunton, to see Mr. J. S. Bult's old established herd at Dodhill House, in the village of Kingston. Although one of the oldest breeders— he having used the Rev. H. Berry's Mynheer 1255, calved in 1825— and in 1856 attending Sir Charles Knightley's sale he purchased Anemone, in calf to Duke of Cambridge 12742, from her daughters by this bull, and Earl Spencer's Upstart 9760— fall brother to Usurer 9763, who was sold for 200gs., to Sir P. Cartwright at the Wiseton sale, and came into Mr. Bult's possession a couple of years previous to the dispersion of the Fawsley Park herd — descend the thirty-three females which comprise the Dodhill House herd. The males used have never followed any direct line of breeding, a dash of Bates being observed in many of those of more recent date, but no one animal of any fashionable tribe has been used, and yet the result has been that the cattle have won prizes at Smithfield since 1850 — when steers belonging to Mr. Bult were awarded second prizes in each class — and have continued to do so until 1884, the most successful years being in 1873-4, when in addition to the first in his class, a gold medal was won by Mr. Bult for being the breeder, and in the former year a <£40 cup for the best shorthorn steer, while in the latter a <£50 cup as the best steer in the Hall. At the Eoyal, Bath and West, county and local exhibitions, many honours however have been won, but during the 330 SHORTHORN HERDS OF KXGLA MX past few years it has been the exception rather than the rule to send forth animals to the leading shows, surely after the laurels already gained by the owner, he can fairly retire from the field in favour of a younger generation. Anemones, Berthas and Bridecakes are the principal names given to the females, and by far the most num-jrous are the Berthas, the Thirteenth, a 48th Duke of Hazlecote cow, of nice style and great length, is from thy Twelfth, successfully exhibited by Mr. Btilfc in recent years. The Fourteenth, by Mr. Sheldon's Earl of Fawsley 3rd 2S506 is very grand in front, but lacks in firmness of loin, while the Fifteenth, is more distinguished for her milking qualities than good looks. Bridecake 5th and Bridecake Oth, mother and daughter, are a very good pair, standing near to the ground, and the younger is very compact, with great rib and wide loin. Anita, a pretty white, of good quality, was served by Royal Ingram in the show yard at Taunton, two years ago, and Anita's Ingram, a level yearling is their son, but th-3 principal sire is Lord Grarland 14th, bred at Brailes, and a combination of the Princess and Knightley blood ; he is of great length and of good quality. The bust of the heifers are two Bai-thas, d nights r and grand-daughter, of that fine cow, B3rtha 12th, the latter has great substance, and is a fleshy sort, likely to grow into a handsome cow, and of the daughter, it may be added that she is very level, and with such a dam, cannot well help being one of the finest cows in the herd in a few years. At the foot of the Mendip Hills, Mr. \V. H. Wills, of Coombe Lodge, is forming a well bred Bates herd, for which he appears to have every convenience. With the exception of L.idy Charfield 2nd, a fine red cow, selected privately from the Tort worth herd, and two of a short pedigree family obtained from Kingscote some four years ago, all the females have been bought during the present sale season, and have already bjen noticed in the herds they were obtained from, excepting five purchased out of the eleven heifers sent by Lord Moreton for sale at Didcot, which comprised Marchioness of Kirklevington 9th, by Duke Great Eyes 5th 51096, from a daughter SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 331 of the fine old matron, Kirklevington Duchess 9th ; Lady Great Eyes 2nd and Lady Wotton, two excellent "Wild Eyes heifers ; Cassandra, a well bred Chaff, and Carraway, a nice little Craggs, to which family he added Duchess Craggs 7th, one of the handsomest heifers at the Suinmersbury sale. Banning contributed in addition to the future lord of the harem, Chancellor of Oxford, bought very cheaply considering his breeding; Marchioness of Kirklevington 4th, of the same branch as the Tortworth purchase ; Lady Sussex 4th, by Duke of Oxford 67th 40473, out of Lady Worcester 23rd, a very fine cow, and Countess of Banning, a handsome red Charmer heifer, that had been exhibited by Mr. Leney, at the Pi-eston Eoyal. Mr. Wills has now got the materials together for forming a well bred herd, but it still requires sound judgement, good management and time, to bring it to a satisfactory termination. Mr. Gr. E. King, of Elm Farm, although only recently elected a member of the Shorthorn Society has baan doing what we should like to see every farmer attending to, who keeps a breeding stock of cattle> viz : to have a private hard book, and register each calf with its sire as they are born, and when he retires from agricultural pur- suits, he may find himself the owner of a herd worth many hundreds of pounds more than they would have been if sold as ordinary good cross-bred dairy cattle, have not many Royal winners had but very short pedigrees, yet it requires the master eye, which to sell and which to retain. Mr. King's aim is to breed a herd, rather than obtain one by purchasing, and for that reason his purchases have been but limited, yet at the North-east Somersetshire's show held near the neighbouring village of Keynsham, a few days previous to our visit, twenty entries had been made in various classes of different kinds of live stock pertaining to the farm, only one being unnoticed, and one of the others gaining a champion, equalized matters, while it may be added that during the past six years, 330 honours have been obtained in the show yard. Utility 35841, of Mr. Ben Wilson's Certainty tribe was bought, at Childwick Hall, a dozen years ago, and used successfully for four seasons. He was followed by Meditation 40432, also from 332 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. Mr. E. A, Fawcett's but of the Meadow Flower family, twenty cow calves were weaned of his get, and the owner remarks they grew into large fine cows, as well as being good dairy animals. Mr. Bettridge's April Fool 42G67— a bull that was sold for <£51 10s. to the butcher — preceded Lord Somerset 8th 48247, from Ashton Court, the winner of nine first prizes for Mr. King. Many excellent animals are seen by the above mentioned sires, and especially good are what will be better known as the Countess tribe, the Second and Third are handsome dairy like cows, and the Fourth beat Mr. John Grarne's Petted Pansy in the calf class, at Newport. Anemone, a compact shapely roan, has the full herd book requirements, her breeder being Mr. W. H. Brooks, of Preston, near to Yeovil. Hilda Daisy 4th, is of the Pencraig Court branch, while Hermoine and Leila, belonging to the good old Knightley Furbelow and Tortworth Lady Louisas, were bred at the latter place, and Leila has already bred a couple of heifers. Princess Ellen 2nd, bought at the dispersion of the late Mr. S. P. Savage's herd, has bred one of the best of the heifer calves to Lord Wild Eyes 49987. Mr. King has now in service, Lord of the Forest 5th 51623, a dark red level well ribbed Greorgie, bought privately from Mr. Ackers before the dispersion of the famous Priuknash herd, as he is only just turned tfcree years old, it appears a pity to part with so highly bred and well made an animal, as is the intention of the owner, he having secured the dash of Booth blood wanted for 'the herd he is breeding, it is his intention for the future to adhere solely to the Bates line of blood. After seeing Mr. King's cattle, a five miles diive brings us to Stanton Prior, suggestive of the monks of olden time, but now known in modern days for the lot of very useful bulls, the tenant — Mr. Greo. Taylor — contributes t-j the great spring sale at Bingley Hall. The herd is of comparatively recent foundation, Mr. Taylor having purchased his females within the last dozen years, one of the most important additions being Miss Fawkes, Lavender 13th, and Belinda, at the Stoney Lane sale of 1878, at an average of over fifty each, all have dons well and after seeing Wellesley 16th 47242, the reigning SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 333 " King," a lengthy roan of great size and substance, by Grand Duke of Waterloo 34007, out of Musical 3rd, used by Mr. Hobbs previous to coining to Stanton Prior, we proceed to the dairy cows, sixteen being the number. Mabel, the first one, is by General Favourite 38342 — own brother to the more noted General Fusee 30681, from whose breeder (Mr. T. H. Bland), he was purchased for service at Stanton Prior — from Mabel, the recent winner in the dairy class at Manchester, and shortly after we have her half-sister, Mary Dauntless, by Mr. J. Stratton's Regulus 42270, bought when four years old and afterwards sold to his breeder, he being considered by Mr. Taylor the most successful sire he has ever used. Both sisters are like following the dam's example, and especially good in this respect appears Lady Belle, one of Belinda's daughters. Melody 7th, a red and white Musical, with a good outline, has bred two heifers since coming from Buckland, while Furbelow Stanton, out of Charming FLU below, hailing from the same breeder's herd, has every prospect of growing into one of the best matrons. Lavender 24th and Beech Nut — also a Lavender, through Belinda— are excellent daughters of Eegulus ; and Lady Anna, out of Mr. Harris' Miss Fawkes was awarded the reserve at the London dairy show of five years ago. Crossing over the road here is a Seraphina from Kingscote, and Belinda Stanton, own sister to Beech N"ut, a beautiful heifer. Last, but by no means so in point of merit, we have Miss Kitty, a grand old sort, bred at Madresfield Court, but as many another excellent cow has done, she has not bred her daughters up to the same standard of excellence. The Chew Court herd, since its commencement eleven years ago, has been bred by Mr. J. Colthurst solely from the two tribes then purchased, both of ancient descent, though not what are now recognized as fashionable families. The Lancasters weie first obtained from Mr. James How's sale in May of 1876, unfortunately, Maid of Hope, a beautiful heifer then purchased was lost in calving, one of the disastrous effects of buying animals forced for sale. In August of the same year, at the dispersion of Mr. Edward Hall's old established Shallcross Hall herd, three more Lancasters were 334 S1TORTITORX HERDS OF EXGLAXD. bought, and so prolific have they been that they now number thirty- one females. Mr. Hall obtained his original cow from Mr. Wilkinson, and he in turn from Mr. Charles Colling. Two of the sires used by Mr. Hall — Wonderful 14022, and Chilton Hero 17564 — were, one from Earl Spencer's Zeal, and the other from her grand-daughter. It was this tribe which produced Mr. A. Cruick- shank's Champion of England 17526, and Mr. Edwards' first prizfa cow at the recent Dairy Show was by Duke of Lancaster 49460. Several sons of Lancaster 35th have been used to the Olives or Dahlias, now increased to thirteen from the purchase of a heifer calf, Olive Bud, privately from Mr. J. H. Braikenridge, she was got by the Bracelet bull, Earl of Killerby 33802, and traced to Dahlia, by Magnum Bonum 2243. Mr. Greo. Taylor's Olive Blossom 3rd, the mother of his highest priced bull at Bingley Hall last March, was the union of a Lancaster sire with an Olive cow, and the precisely same cross has now produced an excellent red bull calf for Mr. Colthurst. It has been the custom to send most of the females — which are good regular breeders and deep milkers — to Mr. Braikenridge's sires, through the courtesy of the owner. Mr. J. H. Braikenridge has for many years been carefully breeding a herd of Booth cattle at The Kookery. not however strictly confined to those tribes which the public rank as fashionable, as in the animals which now compose the herd are found specimens of the Broadmoor Pyes, descended fiom two half sisters, Peony, by Mr. Peel's Buccaneer 25693 and Penance, by the Warlaby Royal Benedict 27348, out of a cow by the Knowlmere Cynric 19542; the Madrigals, mother and daughter, bought at the dispersion of the Childwick Hall shorthorns ; and the Beeswings having an excellent foundation of good old blood. The Annas were obtained at Middleton Quernhow, by the purchase of Anna 7th, the best of her family for 265gs. and her cow calf for 71gs ; with the exception of Anna 13th, all the present members of the tribe are known as Bright Eyes', and in the naming of both this family and the Bracelets, the owner has brought the names of two cows — Bright Eyes and Bracelet — calved in the earlier part of the contury into notice. Two SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 335 other valuable lines of blood are bred by Mr. Braikenridge, viz : the Madalines descended from a grand cow, Blooming Butterfly bought at Brought on in 1876 and afterwards sold to Mrs. Pery ; and the Glitters bought on two different occasions from Mr. Robert Jefferson. The sires nsnd at The Rookery have comprised animals of the Bracelet, Flower and Mantalini tribes, bied by Messrs. Ackers, Burnyeat, Downing and Talbot-Oosbie, while at present Fisherman 52878, bred by Her Majesty the Queen, of the Knightley Cold Cream family, with several top crosses of Booth blood is assisting home bred young sires which have been greatly employed by Mr. Braikenridge, and in due time he will possess a herd of one uniform type, so delightful to lovers of the breed to witness. About five miles from the once fashionable Bath, we have the first of the numerous Gloucester shire herds, in number exceeded only by those found in Yorkshire, yet contrasting strangely, as now that the famous Prinknash herd has been dispersed under the hammer, there is not a single Booth breeder in either the rich vales, or the exposed Cotswolds, of which the county is chiefly comprised, yet Berkeley, Kingscote, and Tortworth, have been household words amongst breeders for many a long year. Mr. H. A. Matthews began following in the steps of the breeders to whom the herds now mentioned belong at the dispersion of a large portion of The Hendre herd three years ago, by selecting Princess Bickerstaff, Lady Daisy 3rd, and Princess Linda 2nd, promising heifers belonging to the Bell Bates family of Capsicums and the Old Daisies. Princess Bickerstaff has especially fulfilled her early promise and won several prizes at the district and other shows, where Mr. Matthews may be said to have been exceptionally fortunate, considering his recent commencement in the art. Laughton Duke 8th 53101, a good looking highly bred Kirk- levington bull, was bought two years ago at the spring sale in Bingley Hall and is still in service. Mr. Matthews' other purchases have been Place 3rd, --out of Prude, bred by Mr. Thos. Bell— and Lady Mary 10th — from Lady Mary 2nd also bred at Brockton Hali- but both have bred only males, The Gwynnes are represented by 336 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. a straight red heifer, out of that magnificent cow, Pearlie G-wynne, sold for 360gs., at the Elmhurst sale. .Rose Walnut, an extremely pretty cow, was bred at Snitterfield, and by one of Lord Braybi ooke's Heydon Dukes, while Double Walnut, also a Knightley, has a name easily denoting her origin, but is not so shapely an animal. Sabrina 5th, a robust red of large scale, although bred at Kingscote and by the imported Duke of Hillhurst 28401, was obtained from Capt. Liddon, she has bred three calves two of which have been prize takers, the heifer winning in her class at Bingley Hall and realizing the highest figure. Mr. Matthews also purchased three in-calf heifers from Mr. K. H. Gould, of Didrnarton, these, like his other pur- chases have been more addicted to bull breeding than is desirable for the satisfactory increase of the herd. Badminton, with the stables and kennels appertaining thereto, are sufficiently well known to need no further mention than to add that the illustrious pack and their noble huntsman are in as fine form as ever. It is here the agent of the extensive estate — Mr. John Thompson — who is the breeder of a choice herd of pedigree cattle, and not the owner as is generally the case. Mr. Thompson's occupation comprises but twenty-five acres of good pasture land, in the midst of which are a very comfortable petit set of farm buildings. Being within ten minutes walk of the village — quite a model of neatness with its many picturesque cottages — the herd supplies the owner with a pleasant recreation from the anxieties attendant on the management of one of the most extensive estates in the county. The present state of the herd, both as regards their merits and the manner in which they have been mated, show the care and patience which have been bestowed upon them by the owner in bringing them to their present condition. In earlier days, Mr. Thompson bred chiefly from the Broombo rough, Didmarton and Lenton stocks, with some of the Eev. H. Berry's G-azelles, but Tuesday, the 23rd of September, 1873, witnessed the sale of fourteen lots belonging to Mr. Thompson, when C.ipt. Blatluvayt's herd was dispersed at Dyrham Park, and the aveiage of over fifty pounds must have been a gratifying result. In tha latter part of the year, SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 337 five females of the Darlington tribe were purchased privately from Mr. K. P. Davies, who had obtained three of them just three years previously at Mr. W. Butler's sale, held adjoining the village of Badminton, where Mr. Thompson had also been a buyer, 'For some time the owner's attention was confined to this tribe, but five years later, four Barringtons of the Oxford Duchess branch were bought at Messrs. Horswell's sale. Mr. Thompson has sent many of his females to the stud bulls in use with the famous herds in the neighbourhood, while of late years, males of noble lineage have stood at the Duke's Home farm for the use of the numerous tenantry and Mr. Thompson has thus been enabled to take advantage of them, Laughton Duke 5th, 51512, bred by Mr. J. H. Casswell, an especially grand heavy fleshed animal, has been located there for the past two seasons. Occasionally home bred young bulls of the Darlington tribe have been used not only to the Barringtons, but to their own family. Ever since Pretty Maid's daughter, by Mr. Bell's Thomas 5471, was named Darlington, has the name pure and simple with numerals attached been given to the branch now at Badminton and it is still continued. The Twenty-fifth, a magnificent roan, fast approaching her eleventh year is the successful result of the union of two different branches, Mr. Thompson having bought Darlington 9th, at Mr. Robarts' sale, which bred Lord Darlington 7th to Second Duke of Grlo'ster 28392, the sire of the matron now before us. The oldest of her five daughters has been sold for exportation to South America, but none of the three fair ones left behind promise to equal the grand old matron. The red and white Thirtieth and her heifer calf of last season, are all that have a direct Duchess cross in their pedigree, it being noticeable that the tribe is singularly free from this blood and excepting 4th Duke of Oxford, from the other great Bates tribe, hence why is it that this branch of the Darlingtons is not more resorted to for sires by breeders, when so many fine cows and heifers are to be seen at Badminton. ? The Thirty -second, a short legged deep bodied cow of great substance, has bred a very nice heifer— the Thirty-fifth— to Wild Duke 4th 44255, which having x 338 SHOKTIIORN HEEDS OF ENGLAND. recently had her first born, appears to have a promising show for milk. The Thirty-fourth, a compactly made gaudy red and white, is no bad result of the working of the double Darlington cross, in this instance separated by Col. Kingscote's Oxford Beau 6th 40422, while her roan yearling son is very handsome. The tribe now consists of twelve females, three having been sold during the past summer for exportation and four previously at a high figure to the Earl of Bective, the male additions in earlier years having been considerably in excess of the more desirable sex. The produce of Messrs. Horswell's Barringtons have been named Harrington Dukes and Duchesses, and the four still remaining at Badminton are a fine lot of cattle, but when comparing them with their rivals it must not be forgotten that only the very best of this tribe are now seen, as in order to keep the herd limited to the accomodation, Mr. Thompson had to dispose of either one fjunily or the other, and it has always fallen to the lot of tho Barringtons to accompany the young bulls to Bingley Hall. Barrington Duchess and Barrington Duchess 4th, are a handsome pair of own sisters, the former being wonderfully level, and the latter particularly grand in front showing just the least possible weakness in her loin, yet a younger cow — Barrington Duchess 5th — with her well laid shoulders and lengthy quarters, completes an excellent trio, worthy of any tribe. Didmarton has long been connected with shorthorns, and on Mr. -R. H. Gould taking possession of the farm at the expiration of the tenancy of Mr. Stiles B-ich, he could hardly do less than purchase a young bull for service on his holding, when witnessing the successful sale held in the spring of 1868 and not only did he purchase Imperial Duke of York 26431, a son of 7th Duke of York, but Guelder Rose 3rd, a daughter of Mr. Harvey's Lord Lally 22161, and there are still descendants of this cow in Mr. Gould's possession. From time to time an occasional pedigree animal was purchased until quite an extensive herd has been gathered together again at Didmarton, and as in the days of old, sires of Bates blood have always been used, Col. Kingscote's General Clarence 28680 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 339 following Imperial Duko of York, and Mr. R. P. Davies' Wild Duke 36001 and Prince Arthur 38892, of the Wild Eyes and Peach families succeeding him. Monmouth 45258, of the Old Daisy tribe then came from The Hendre and left some fine cows, especially Welcome 6th, one of the best on the farm, Recently Kirklevington Beau 51484, also bred by Mr. Eolls, from his 770 guinea heifer at Berkeley, has been in service, although a good red Wild Eyes- Lord Bright Eyes 48169 — had been for a short period at Didmarton, while now we find a level roan yearling Surmise from Kingscote. As regards mere pedigree, Sockburn Nan, a good dark roan Blanche, descended from Mr. C. O. Eaton's Olga, with her two year old heifer. Sockburn Nancy, must be considered the most fashionably bred, but there are a number of useful cows and heifers occupying that place on the farm which it would be well for many more herds if they had to do the same. Comfort, a deep fronted square built heifer, our favourite of the two year olds, while her dam, Cowslip, is one of the best of the matrons, descends to Comely, purchased from Mr. John Thompson. Charming Nelly and Charming Mol, also of this family are a pair of pretty sisters doing no discredit to their names, especially the younger, a daughter of Wild Duke 4th 44255, which was bred at Berkeley, and sired by Duke of Connaught. The Welcomes, represented by the excellent cow before referred to, were also originally obtained at Badminton, but at the dispersion of Mr. W. Butler's heid. Lilly Niblet is now the only female left representing llhoda Niblett, bought at the Broadway sale of 1876, while Chloe is one of several tracing to the Kingscote herd and having for a foundation some sound good blood. Mr. J, C. Hatherell, whose farm— Oldbury-on-the-Hill — adjoins that of Mr. Gould, having also a fancy for the Bates type of cattle, purchased from Mr. Kello, Lady Fantail 2nd and her roan heifer calf, by Lightburne's Duke of Oxford 36895; Atalanta, bred by Archdeacon Holbech, out of Asenath, a grand-daughter of Asia, by the 1,000 guinea Grand Duke 2nd 12961, the third in descent from Mr. Bell's Aeonib; and the Surmise heifer, Hush, having those well 340 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENOLA.ND. known sires, 13 uke of Tregunter 5th, Duke of Underley and Eighth Duke of Geneva, upon Surmise 3rd's daughter Tacita. With the exception of a well bred .Nonsuch heifer, bought at the dispersion of Mr. W. Ashburner's herd, Mr. Hatherell has confined his attention to the three families obtained from Mr. Kello, and excepting the pur- chase of Beverley Oxford 13th 49153, from Mr. R. Botterill, the females have been sent for service to Grand Duke of Glo'ster 36721, at Kingscote, and the sires located at the Duk3 of Beaufort's Home farm, for the use of his tenantry. Oxford Fantail, has matured into a handsome shorthorn like cow, and the few females of the well bred families previously named, will, by continuing the use of suitable males grow into a nice Bates herd. Nearly forty years ago the herd at Kingscote was founded by the late Col. Kingscote, who was assisted in his purchases by the then Earl Ducie. The situation is one of the most elevated and exposed on the Cotswold Hills, yet for fast approaching half-a- century pedigree cattle have held their own on the estate, and the name of the owner, Gol. Kingscote, stands high in the ranks of short- horn breeders. The earlier sires were from Tortworth, and included Fourth Duke of York 10167 and Duke of Glo'ster 11387, the Duchess line of blood being still continued in the male line after the dispersion -of the great herd in the Yale, the then rising one of "Wetherby being resorted to, and Duke of Wharf dale 19648, Second Duke of Wetherby 21618, Third Duke of Clarence 23727 and Third Duke of Claro 23829, were either bought or hired from Col. Gunter. Duke of Hillhurst 28401, "out of Duchess 97th, was imported from Canada at nearly the cost price of the dam, taken out at l,000gs. as a heifer by Mr. Cochrane, and in addition to proving the sire of Duke of Connaught, was let for a season to Messrs. Foster and Moore for the highest sum on record, thus the herd is full of the blood of the Duke of Connaught, even more so than many which have the magical name direct in the pedigrees in their herd, as the four Duchess sires previously used from Wetherby were all of the same line of blood, obtained at Tortworth in '53, by Col. Gunter. SHORTH011N HERDS OF ENGLAND. 341 The herd at Kingscote has been essentially a breeding one and that on a considerable scale, a grand total of eighty pedigree animals being now found at the date of our visit one winter's day in the beginning of the new year. No public sale has been held since the summer of 1882, when a small selection were sent to be sold at Berkeley, a good demand having of late been experienced for the young stock of both sexes for exportation to South America, and to keep the herd up to its full breeding strength, several fresh tribes have been added. The most important of the several sales held at Kingscote, was the one Mr. Stratford presided over twelve years ago, when the forty head averaged <£179 4s. 8d., and 7(50gs. was given for a Wild Eyes heifer, by Mr. W. Angerstein, yet notwithstanding that an Oxford realized " eleven hundred " four years later, the average fell short by nearly <£80. Bell Bates cattle formed a larger proportion of the herd a dozen years ago than at the present day, when their descendants number rather more than a third of the entire stock. In Ariel Girl, the fifth generation bred at Kingscote, from Ariel 5th, the entire hopes of the A combs are centred. The Capsicum", or Lady Bickerstaffes as they are now named, trace like the Georgianas and Peaches, to animals bought direct at Brockton Hall, Lady Bickerstaffe 4th, the matron, is one of the few daughters left in the herd, by a very fine bull — Cowslip Boy 38051 — exhibited successfully at the Kilburn Royal, where he was placed second to Vice Admiral, but our favourite is Lady Bickerstaffe 7th, a neat level red heifer bought as a calf at The Hendre along with her mother, Miss Bickerstaffe 3rd, whose dam had previously gone from Kingscote. Another very coloury nice heifer of this family is Lady Bickerstaffe 8th, one of Prince Saladin 4th's get, a son of the Earl of Bective's favourite Lady Sale of Putney, and used by Col. Kingscote with his son George Saladin 2nd 51331, previous to the purchase of the present sire. The Georgianas — here named Georgies, with part of the sire's name added — are well represented by the lengthy Georgie Hazlecote, with her pretty roan calf, and number one more than the Peaches, the 342 SHORTHORN HERDS o two together only reaching one over the half dozen, the latter are all half sisters, named Prudishes ; the Fourth, a promising young cow, has newly calved, but it is the two year o'd, a red of great substance, with good straight lines that pleases us most. The Lily Bell's are limited to the purely bred Lady Rosedate Bates 2nd, by Duke of Eosedale 9th 41419, and it must not be omitted mention that Col, Kingscote was one of the first to u^e the Dukes of Hosedale, three having found their way at different times, to the top of the Cotswolds. The Surmises are limited to Silentia 3rd, a dark red rather under- sized cow, bought at Kimbolton, now enjoying an excellent reputation for milk, and Lady Secret 4th, a good fronted roan, out of Lady Surmise, bred at Brailes. The Kirklevingtons are the most recent acquisition of the Bell Bates sorts, Kirkmaple, a grand-daughter of Kirklevington 18th, considered one of the most beautiful of the many fine cows of the family at one time in Mr. R. Pavin Davies' possession, and her little cow calf — Kingscote Kirkmaple — were bought three years ago at the dispersion of the Countess of Stamford and Warrington's herd, the former having bred two excellent bulls and a very lengthy roan out of Marchioness of Kirklevington 5th, bred at Tortworth, does credit to his dam and sire, the latter being by the young Gtaorgie bull since sold to go to Buenos Ayres. The Honeys have had a long connection with the herd, and no females were offered at the sales until 1879, when twenty-one averaged <£64 13s. The pedigree may be justly described as being full of Duchess and Princess blood, and originated at Hart Warren, in the county of Durham. This tribe like several others of excellent foundation, have not received that favour at the hands of the public which they richly deserve, yet it cannot be on the score of their being ill looking cattle in the case of the Honeys, as when one or two heifers have been made up for exhibition purposes they have been much admired, especially at Bristol and Kilburn, where at the former Honey 60th was placed second in her class, at the present time her daughter Honey 92nd, is considered the best of the fourteen, and the century has at last been completed, Honey 102ad being the SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 343 latest arrival. The Cowslips, limited to Cowslip Tea and her two daughters are equal to the Honeys in the excellence of their breeding, as what could be more desirable than the array of names of Messrs. Charge, Stephenson, Bates and Bolden, headed by Lord Braybrooke, as the breeders of the sires in Cowslip Tea's pedigree. Red Rose of Wye and Red Rose of Dove 2nd, a pair of good looking represen- tatives of their tribe — the latter especially deep and good in her brisket — were bought at Elmhurst, whence came Deepdale 5th, of great beauty of form, with excellent shorthorn character, to re- introduce once more the Darlingtons, which informer times included that grand cow Dora, sold to Lord Fitzhardinge for 265gs., as long ago as 1871, and her first produce, Kingscote Darlington 1st, augurs well for the future. In Daphne 3rd we behold the last remnant of the famed Sholebroke herd not included in the sale, she was a present to Col. Kingscote from the late Mr. Oliver, and the trio of Darlingtons are the best shaped family at Kingscote. The Seraphinas and Wallflowers, two of the most numerous tribes, reach double figures, and are noted for their excellent breeding and milking propensities, the former consists of three branches, obtained from the herds of Messrs. Cheney, Clarke and Woodward. Sabrina 4th has three good heifers to her credit ; and Sabrina 24th, a taking heifer out of Sabrina 10th, eclipses either of her newly purchased companions — Red Duchess 9th fromUllenwood, or Rosedale Barrington from Sandringham — in point of individual, while Sabrina 25th, is the last daughter of Seraphina 15th, purchased from Mr. Clarke. The Wallflowers are quite a local family, and originated at Kingscote, were then sold to a neighbour, who had the privilege of using the Kingscote bulls and at his sale, two or three females were re-purchased by Col. Kingscote. Lady Scar Hill 4th, an exceedingly deep milker, is on the verge of completing her fifteenth year and needless almost to add she would not have been retained so long a period if her progeny had not been good, her last heifer being the pick of seven yearlings. Wallflower's Sunbeam, a large framed fine cow, sustains the reputation of the tribe for milk. Lastly, as 344 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. to Lord Wellington 6th 53230, the sire in service, he was bred at Hindlip, from Water Lily 2nd, one of the purest specimens of the popular Waterloo tribe, and appears a healthy vigorous young bull, likely to leave a lot of good coloured stock at Kingscote. Mr. James Kello, of Horton, was better known in the shorthorn world of a dozen years ago than that of to-day, he had then the charge of the estate — more than half of which is now in his occupation — and it was as fine a herd of Bates shorthorns as is to be found at the present day, chiefly however was it famous for its Kuklevington Duchesses, one of which was disposed of bv private treaty, for l,100gs., being the highest price any member of the family has realized amongst English breeders, and in his hands the name originated which has since become so famous. Tungrove and Wadden Hill Farms, on which the old herd used to graze, are si; uj>30, where she is found to be possessed of nice Bates character and carrying plenty of flesh considering the work she has done. Duchess of Berkeley, a very handsome heifer is a successful result of breeding the Castle Hill purchase to the young Wild Eyes bull Lord Waterford 48257 ; and Duchess of Berkeley 3rd, the youngest born is a promising little lady, apparently quite equal to maintaining the dignity of being a Duchess. Kirklevington Czarina 2nd, although not bred at Berkeley, was calved only on the opposite side of the Severn, she is a compact well made heifer doing credit to her illustrious ancestry, as beyond her grand-sire Duke of Connaught, a double cross of Seventh Duke of York is found in her pedigree, while Kirklevington Princess 2nd, is also of the much prized Siddington branch. Another valuable tribe are the Lallys, mother and daughter, the former — Lally of Lymage an exceedingly grand massive level cow with a beautiful head and horn, almost a model of a thorough Bates short- horn, could not well help bringing a shapely heifer of good quality to Duke of Connaught, which she has accordingly done in Lally of Lymage 2nd. The Winsomes are like the Lallys, represented by mother and daughter, Wisdom 5th being own sister to the second prize heifer at the B. and W. E. show at Worcester in 1880, while the heifer is one of Duke of Leicester 3rd's daughters. There is also Lady Wild Eyes 8th, a grand old cow of the same branch as that beautiful heifer, Lady Wild Eyes 15th, so successfully exhib- ited by the noble owner. Wild Eyes 33rd, is the dam of Lord Waterford, exported to Chili, and the siro of the young Duchess, She is very purely bred, being out of an eight hundred guinea heifer, STTOTlTnOKN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 351 sold at Mr. Angerstein's sale. Of the same branch but tracing through the Gaddesby herd are Wild Duchess of Worton and Wild Duchess of Eosedale 4th, bought at the dispersion of Major Chaff ey's little herd. Ever since Dora was bought at Ozleworth, the Darlingtons have been good cattle and the two young Dowagers, half sisters, from the grand old matron of that name, fully maintain the reputation. The Gazelles and Minstrels once held a prominent place in the herd, but they were gradually supplanted by more fashionable tribes, and Gazelle 48th, a white of good quality is the only one of either family that remains. Eugia Niblett after coming from Churchill Heath, won at the Bristol Eoyal and was sold to Mr. J. H. Angus, of Collingrove, Australia, and her daughter, Red Niblett. a compact arch ribbed little cow, has bred the only heifer we see with a double cross of Duke of Connaught. Another of the family came with the two Wild Eyes heifers in the shape of the wealthy fleshed Eosedale Niblett 2nd. After breeding such a sire as Grand Duke of Waterloo, it would not be likely that the family should be absent, and Waterloo 50th, a lengthy roan, was bought at East Donyland and has bred a straight bull calf. The Blanches have long been maintained as a standard tribe at Berkeley and Lady Blanche Eose, considered the most beautiful heifer at the recent Sandi-inghaiu sale, was purchased after a sharp competition with the agent of Sir W. H. Salt, for 230gs., to assist Blanche Eose 12th, in still keeping up the family at Berkeley. Mr. Arthur Niblett — whose grandfather originated the tribe of that name already mentioned in connection with three herds in the county — began to breed pedigree cattle in October of 1884, when on the first of that month he attended the Duffryn sale and purchased two Moss Eose heifers, and the bull calf, Westlander 52347, used during the last two seasons previous to the purchase of Mr. C. E. Lynn's King of Stroxton 4th 54496, a fourth prize bull, in his class at Bingley Hall, and of the Queen family a favourite of the late Mr. J. Lynn's. Eoan Eosetta brought a cow calf to Cyprian 47000, named Eosebud and was then sold, as she failed to come to Mr. 352 SHORTHORN" HERDS OF ENGLAND. Niblett' s standard in her milking qualities, this being essential as well as strong constitutions, and as much size as possible for shorthorns to retain their place at Eoyston. Cordelia, the other Moss Eose, has bred two bulls and one heifer, the latter being only three weeks old, is by Mr. Butt's Lord Sockburn 53218. The old Niblett tribe has been introduced by the purchase of Low Niblett from Mr. E. H. Gould, she has a handsome yearling daughter, Lady Niblett, but unfortunately the dam appears disinclined to breed again. Hecla 2nd and Dainty de Breos, are of the Blanche and Duchess Nancy tribes, the latter being considered by Mr. Niblett the best looking animal he possesses, while she is without doubt the best bred one. Mr.F. H. Butt also breeds a few shorthorns in rhe neighbourhood of Stonehouse, at Little Haresfield, his herd being principally composed of three families purchased at Mr. W. G. Game's sale of 1881 and 1882, from the former came Tulip Blossom by Mr. Bowly's Col. Tregunter 7th 30769, she has had half-a-dozen calves — three of each sex — one of her sons two years ago obtaining a fourth prize in a class of nearly two hundred entries at the great Birmingham March sale, while a very promising roan is her present year's produce ; and Butterfly 2nd, a cow which has also had her share of female offspring, the family being now five in number. Rose of Warlaby 6th from the second Broadmoor sale, lias bred two very nice heifers. A fourth family in Mr. Butt's possession are the home bred Eosies and the pedigree of Eed Eose may be said to show the sires used by him. The Eev. E. E. Williams' Logan of Maindee 53115 is the foundation cross, following we have Mr. Edmonds' Master Tregunter 2nd 53294, and Sir G. H. Smythe's Lord Somerset 40243 — a son of Duke of Connaught 33004 — Mr. Williams being the breeder of the fourth cross, Ixum 44959 and the heifer is a daughter of the Darlington bull Clapcot 5th 49286. At present Lord Sockburn 53218, a three year old Blanche, of the Olga branch reigns at little Haresfield. Four miles from the county town M:\ Thomas Morris and his father, have been breeders of good cattle for a little over half-a- century, beginning with two fine cows purchased from a Mr. SllOllTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 353 Strickland in Yorkshire, who had obtained the stock from the family of that name, which was so well known in connection with the breed in this county and from whom the late Mr. Morris bought the first two male animals, to cross his northern purchases. Booth and Bates have both been represented in the sires used at Maisemore Court, but the latter are now in the ascendant, as the cows by the former were found not to be equal to the daughters of the Bates bulls in their milking qualities. The first males bought by Mr. T. Morris were Bel us 8879 from Tort worth and Macdonald 13268, from Hen don, Samson 12041, of Mr. Faulkner's Sweet-briar tribe came next in turn, and Royal Alfred 18748, hired from Carperby, brought in the Booth element, as did Mr. Ackers' Earl of Beeston, although Kent Oxford 20047 and Charleston 21400, from the fashionable Bates herds of North Frith and Holker had intervened, as well as Duke of Devonshire 23738, with a Booth sire, but a dam full of Bates and Princess blood. Grand Duke of Waterloo 34077, was also hired from Mr. C. Hobbs — his purchaser at the Sholebroke sale — for six months, and Grand Duke Worcester 46456, noticed when writing of Mr. G. J. Bell's herd, appears as active as ever, and if he leaves as good stock in his piesent home as he did when at The Nook, his owner will have no reason to be dissatisfied with him. Mr. Morris has endeavoured to breed a good useful clsss of animals which are much wanted in the country, and he cannot be said to have failed in his object, when the grand lot of shorthorn dairy cows are inspected in the yards. Only three females have been bought by the present owner and none of their descendants now remain, all the animals tracing to the original Yorkshire purchases, excepting the stud bull, and consistently named with letters beginning with L. and S. respectively, but as Mr. Morris omits to add numerals to any of the names which in one instance — Levity — we notice there are no less than five generations, of a similar name, without any distinguishing addition, it requires a little extra care in distinguishing between mother and daughter in our notes. Dairy farmers have come five and six times in succession for the T 354 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. young bulls, showing the local repute of the stock and since our visit we hear of an extensive sale having been made to South America. Sabina, one of Charleston's daughters and the oldest of the numerous matrons, has a well shaped udder, while Scrip, another of this bull's get — who it may be mentioned, left many fine cows at Winterfold, before coming to Maisemore Court- -is a massive red with a sweet feminine head and graceful horn, denoting great shorthorn character, like all we see of Charleston's daughters, one more — Sonata — is especially worthy of mention. Sprite is a heavy fleshed compact young cow, of quite the Booth type, indicating at once her sire — - Earl of Beeston — whose best daughter is probably Salad, while Sabina possesses more of the dashing Bates character than her sire's. Silo, by Grand Gwynne 3rd, also used by Mr. Morris, as well as a Lally from Winterfold (the grand-sire of Silo) omitted in our previous notice of the various males, is a short legged useful sort, and Sophy is also good. The L's however although far less numerous, carry off the honours with Levity, a beautiful style of cow, sired by Mr. Bowly's Duke of Siddington 3rd 38183, and a winner at the County show as one of a pair. The heifers unfortunately being at a distant farm, are unseen, but the grand lot of cows — both numer- ous and good — speak well of Mr. Morris' judgement as a breeder, while in the other departments of the farm, from v hat we can judge by appearances, the tenant apparently has not lacked in the knowledge requisite to mark the successful man. SHORTHORN HERDS OF KVGLA.ND. 355 CHAPTER XIV. The Gloucestershire Herds ( continued). — Butler's Court. — Hathcrop. — Southrop House. — Kastleach. — Maiseyhatnpton. — Marston Hill. — Poulton Priortj. — North Cerney. — Sherbourne. — Great Hissin/jton. — Oxfordshire Herds. — Sarsden Lodge Farm. — Melbourne Villa. — Berkshire Herds. — Windsor. — Grazeley Court. — Charlton House. In continuing our visits to the numerous and excellent herds in the county of Gloucester, we enter by way of the Great Western branch running from Oxford to Fairford and it is necessary to travel to Lechlade, only one station short of the full length — twenty-six miles — of this useful line before we have a halting pla^e. The late Mr. W. Atkell was well known for the extensive herd of dairy shorthorns bred by him at Dudgrove, and in the cattle department of the farm, his sons at Butler's Court and Hatherop, believe there is nothing like the pure bred shorthorns to help to pay the rent. Both herds began with the old Dudgrove stock, while their modus operandi may also be said to be the same, no public sale has been held by either, surplus females being sent to Bingley Hall as near their calving as possible, and the young bulls annually to the March sale, where they have been successful in the prize lists. The Dudgrove herd was begun in 1841, with animals purchased from the Misses Strickland of Apperley Court, and at their sale seven years later, Frost, whose progeny have been of great repute for dairy purposes, and not a single quarter was lost by the tribe for the thirty years they remained in the late Mr. Arkell's possession. Bulls were largely used from the Siddington herd, as well as their sons from Dudgrove cows. Mr. Daniel Arkell first came to Butler's Court in 1872, bringing with him Flower Girl and Formosa of the 356 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. Frost tribe as a start in shorthorn breeding. His female purchases have been limited to three of the Lee tribe springing from Young Rose, by Mr. Sanday's Nottingham 15014 — who was extensively used at Broad Hinton — which were obtained at the sale of the first portion of the Dudgrove herd ; Jemima from Mr. J. B. Jenkins' sale in 1875, and Lady Dennison of the same descent from a Mr. Curtis, a neighbour of Mr. Jenkins ; and Pink 37th, with her calf from Mr. Gr. Hewer's sale of three years ago. Mr. Arkell like his father resorted to Siddington for a ma'e and obtained Seventh Baron Wetherby 23384, afterwards the Grarnes supplied Prince of Geneva 16th 42196, from Churchill Heath and Lord Eoehampton 48242, from Broadmoor. Earl Beauchamp's Habis 47097 has left some excellent stock, and Paley 54780, once more brings in the Broadmoor blood with a dash of Booth through the Pyes. He has been hard worked, but his wide loin and fleshy thighs are prominent characteristics, yet a little more depth in front would be advantageous to his general appearance. The Frosts are numerously represented in a meadow near the river Colne, which is almost within a stone's throw of some of the Dudgrove land. Flush, a dark red, is one of Habis' daughters ; Flora, the own sister and Freedom, are from the shapely uddered and good framed Frosty, seen amongst the dairy cows ; Fanny and Flighty, half sisters, out of Frolicsome, have nice promising udders, and indeed the whole lot of eighteen in piofit have every appearance of fully satisfying the owner twice a day when they are bi ought in to be milked, but neither Fanciful nor Frolicsome, a third pair of handsome sisters must be omitted mention. Bessie Lee and Nelly Lee are found in front of the Court with Lady Dennison 8th, a grand deep made heifer, which throws the merits of the two Lees somewhat in the shade, but her dam, Lady Dennison 5th is also a taking cow. Lizzie Dennison, a fine old white showing great shorthorn character, is the mother of the attractive Lady Dennison 9th. Pink 37th, one of the most shapely of the matrons, has for the last three years been sent over to Prince Frogmore's Seal 48488, at Hatherop, but as yet we see no hopes of a " second" Petted Pansy resulting from the union. The little calf which SIIORTH011N HERDS OE ENGLAND. 357 accompanied her from Mr. Hewer's has grown into a nice straight heifer. The Fillpails, bred from an uneligible cow, obtained at Dudgrove are quite equal to fulfilling anticipations when hearing of their suggestive names. Cheerful, from the same origin, not only a good framed cow, has been an excellent breeder, her three sons of 1884-5-6 having been commended, reserve and winner of third prize, when exhibited at Birmingham March sale, afterwards real- izing fifty-two, fifty-five and sixty-six guineas respectively and the roan one of this year is the best of the spring calves. Hatherop is half-a-dozen miles from Butler's Court and here Mr. William Arkell farms even more largely than his brother, and Oxfordshire Downs are also bred as well as shorthorns, three pens of lambs having gained prizes at the recent Banbuiy Show. The herd was founded almost solely on the purchases made at the two Dudgrove sales, with the exception of the Ursulas from Mr. T. Arkell of Draycott, near Swindon : Janettes and E/ubys at Mr. Hewer's sale, and the Florentias through Frantic, sent by her owner Mr. R. H. Carter, to be sold at Swindon. The females are not nearly so numerous as at Butler's Court, the Janettes barely reaching double figures, are the most largely represented, the Sixth, a nice stamp of cow with a well shaped udder, is perhaps the best of the family, she and her half sister the Eighth, being from the Fourth, a cow that gave twenty-six quarts of milk per day for two months after calving. The Dudgrove Frosts number only one sho^t of the Janettes, Forest Queen 3rd is the dam of a straight young cow, Forest Queen 7th, by Mr. Hobbs' Wellesley 9th 47237 and a white heifer to Prince Frogmore's Seal. Factory Maid 2nd and Flower of Hatheiop are from Factory Maid, one of the best breeders ever possessed by Mr. "W. Arkell, she having been the dam of three first prize bulls at Bingley Hall in 1880-1-3, which averaged X107 8s., including prize money, such a feat is worthy of recording. Of th^ half sisters Euby 4th and Euby 5th, we prefer the latter, an attractive roan heifer, but the former having calved at two years old, has had less chance than usual of regaining her bloom with the unwonted scarcity of grass this summer. The Florentias and Ursulas 358 SHORTHORN HERDS OF KNGLAND. of Didmarton ancestry, are equally represented. Fuschia's Florentia 4th and Euschia's Florentia 5th, own sisters in blood, have each brought a cow calf this season, while Ursula 6th, a deep milker, has three daughters, the Eighth — another heavy milker — Ninth and Tenth, surrounding her in the Park (which Mr. Arkell has included in his farm), in front of Sir Thos. Bazeley's mansion. The Sweet- briars, well known at JDudgrove for their milking properties, are represented by Sweetbriar 9th, a deep made white cow, whose half -brother was a Birmingham winner in 1883. Prince Frogmore's Seal 48488, a dark roan lengthy good fleshed bull, has been brought into prominent notice by his three daughters exhibited by Mr. John Game, with the result of winning thirty-five and forty- four prizes in 1885 and 1886. He was bred at Broadmoor and is of the Pye tribe, so well known in connection with that farm. Previously Mr. Hobbs' Wellesby 9th 4/ 237 had been in service, and in earlier days the almost pure Bates King of the Fuschias 41762, and British Lion 42844, who was of the same family as Lord Wantage's Burlesque and her daughters, winners in the family class at the Eoyal two years in succession. One of Mr. W. J. Edmonds' numerous farms — which extends over 1,100 acres — almost adjoins Mr. W. Arkell's land, and a portion of the herd are located on it, which we view on our way to the owner's residence at Southrop. Before noticing any of the animals individually, a few remarks on the sires used and tribes we find on the farms appears desirable, Mr. Edmonds has bred largely from the Siddington herd, both by purchase of females, as well as males from the late Mr. Bowly, and of the ninety-one animals which comprise the female portion of the herd, no less than sixty-eight trace to his stock and the following sires have been used, bred by that veteran breeder, viz: Eattlesnake 20627, Fifth Baron Wetherby 23382, Third Lord Waterloo 29220, Col. Tregunter 9th 33406, Oxford Swell 38838 and Lord Holker 6th 45098, of the Musical, Eose of Oxford, Euby and Gazelle tribes, all well known when in Mr. Bowly's hands and full of the blood of Seventh Duke of York and Fourth Duke of Oxfoid. Second Earl of Walton 19672, a pure SHORTHOKN HEEDS OF ENGLAND. 359 Kirklevington bull was in service from 1872 to 1874, and since the giving up of the Siddington herd, the same line of breeding has been continued, Wellesley 32nd 48931 and Hindlip 28th 54329, of the Musical tribe having been purchased from Maiseyhampton. The latter, still in service, was highly commended in a large class at Bingley Hall, while his dam won the dairy prize at Chipping Norton. His colleague, Winsome Duke 2nd 53875, a handsome level dark roan, is a son of Grand Duke Harrington 4th 37975 and that magnificent cow, Mr. Titley's AVinsome Colleen. From thirty to forty cows are generally in milk, and as to the capabilities in that respect, one of them had died from milk fever a few days previous to our visit, the owner having endeavoured to encourage the dairy properties as much as possible by the use of bulls from good milking families. The Roses of Oxford have the most ancient descent of the families that passed through Mr. Bowly's hands, as they trace to the days of the brothers Colling, but in numbers they are more than doubled by the Fairies which as in the .days of old are very numerous and form quite a nice herd when they are added together, thirty- three being the grand total. In addition to the Fourth Duke of Oxford cow's name — Fairy — being continued, her dam's, Fair Star, has been revived, and of the three first of the latter name, the Second is the best of the trio, while the Twenty-fifth, also seen in the same pasture — close to Hatherop — has a grand capacious udder. The Roses of France have only four crosses beyond the Oxford and Kirklevington bulls used at Siddington, yet are as good cattle as the Rose of Oxfords, and the Twenty-second is thought the best of the first pasture. The Cloudy Morns have not so lengthy a descent as the last family, while the Rubies and Gazelles are two of the tribes retained by Mr. Bowly for the greater portion of his career as a breeder. The four other families at Southrop, are the Blanches bought at the dispersion of the late Mr. C. Barnett's herd in 1876; Dulces, from a cow of that name, bought two years later at Dudgrove, and Dulce 5th is an especially good cow ; Tulips, of the Walnut branch of the Knightleys and Didos were obtained at West Ogwell the same year as th younger stock, where so many herds fail, that Mr. Munton especially excells, and the grand half-dozen blood red yearling daughters of May Duke, are "as like as peas." On arriving at Windsor, we wend our way through the town, past the Grates of the Castle— so well known to all loyal English- men— and enter a magnificent avenue of elms, which have stood for many generations and still appear as graceful and noble as ever, yet showing the approach of autumn, as here and there a leaf is descending from its lofty seat upon the walk along the Royal Park, which is so often travelled by young and old, but our destination is the Prince Consort's Shaw Farm, causing us to turn abruptly to the left before the first mile is covered. Having obtained the necessary permission from Mr. VV. Tait (who succeeded his father, the late Mr. H. Tait, in the management of the herds and farms, with which his name was so honourably and successfully connected for many years), there is no hindrance to our entering the farm premises where the spacious buildings are arrayed as if they had been built by an experienced hand, and the general neatness impresses us most favourably as to the present management. It is not however the buildings we have come to see, but their contents. The Windsor herd dates to the days when Mr. Majoribanks' herd was kept in Bushey Grove, yet it was not until theFawsley sale of 1856 that the most important purchases were made, Cold Cream and Alix, of the Furbelow and Walnut families, being then bought for lOOgs. each. Prince Alfred 13494 (afterwards used in the Imperial herd in France), was the first of a long series of bulls hired from Warlaby, but in Field Marshal 47870, the present head of the herd, quite a different line of blood is introduced, as he was bred at Sittyton, although purchased a year ago from Mr. W. Duthie, his fine masculine head, deep chest and flank, heavy thighs, lengthy hindquarters, broad loin, well sprung ribs, neatly laid and well covered shoulders, constitute him one of England's noblest sires, unfortunately his age prevents his competing at the Eoyal, otherwise SHORTHORN IIR11DS OF ENGLAND. 375 the colours of many of the recent winners would be lowered by his appearance in the ring. The Field- Marshal's trusty aide-de-camp is Gracchus, a neat red and white yearling, bred at Catterick, The matrons and their babes are found in a portion of the Park. Alix 7th, the fourth generation from the original purchase, is a deep fronted cow of good quality, although not the equal of Eugenie, descended from the other Fawsley purchase, as she is considered the choice, her graceful carriage, neat shoulders, expanded ribs, and level top, with the cow calf by her side, are greatly admired. Another of the same lengthy type is Carolina 10th, if anything more ladylike in appearance, and her little daughter is very pretty, thus giving us a favourable impression of the Cold Creams, which although limited to a quartette, appear likely to revive the family fame, as since coming to Windsor they have been victorious at the Aberdeen, Inverness, and Stirling Meetings of the Highland Society. Strawberry Leaf and Lady Grace, two half-sisters, bought at the West Dereham sale, have excellent foundations in descending from the stocks of Mr. Troutbeck and Mr. Jolly, the former is very neat, but lacks the great substance of her companion, a wealthy good sort. Not far distant we have Fraulein, of the Norfolk Seedling tribe, a cow greatly admired at the recent Sandringham sale, where she was purchased by Mr. Tait. Excepting the Alixes, of which Alina, a robust hair) calf, out of Alix 7th, and Alix 10th, a very nice yearling, by Mr. Aylmer's Sir Benedict 42389 — who came on hire for a short period— are the best, we have only to make mention of three more families which may be described as the old Windsor herd, ^hese are Faithless, a straight lengthy heifer, descended from Sir Charles Knightley's Polly, but whose ancestress was obtained at Watering- bury ; Bertha, a heavy fleshed Sir Benedict yearling, is from a Royal Benedict cow, bought at Churchill Heath, which bred to the age of fifteen, there are also pointed out Bracelet and Brenda, of the same tribe ; and the pretty Water Nymph, one of the best of this year's calves, does credit to Royal Leopold 53609 — hired from Catterick before being exported to Buenos Ayres — and the tribe tracing to Jasmine by Mr. Ceilings' Midas 435, which she so worthily represents. 370 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. Spicy 6th and Marchioness 6th, daughters of Mr. Handley's Master Harbinger 40324, possessed of great depth of frame and strong constitutions, although not fashionably bred, have pedigrees descend- ing from the herds of good breedeis in earlier days. Daisy's Gem, tracing to Mr. Burrow's Dora, a thick fleshed good sort, well covered with hair, is a purchased daughter — from Colly nie — of Field- Marshal, while Molly Lind, from Burnside, and by the victorious Goldfinder 47967, with her calf, by Goldfinder's Heir 52913— make a good pair. Camphor and Camilla descend like Daisy's Gem, from Mr. Burrow's stock, on the West coast of Cumberland, but from Eliza, by Young Western Comet 1575. Bessie 32nd, Roan Lady 14th and Maraquita, are a remarkable massive trio of yearlings, promising well for the future of the herd at Windsor. The Grazeley Court herd, belonging to Mr. W. I. Palmer, descends principally from three daughters of the Waterloo Marquis of Hillhurst 40309, bred at Broughton Pastures. Baroness Hillhurst and Baroness Hillhurst 2nd, were own sisters, from Baroness of the Blanche tribe, and Lady Hillhurst Craggs, at once denotes her ancestress, Mr. Bates' Craggs, by Son ot Second Hubback 2683. Afterwards purchases were made at the Loggans Mill sale, and at Manoravon, the Booth blood was introduced by four Mistress Marys and Czarina 12th coining into Berkshire. On entering th-) buildings situate at the rear of the Court, which is about four miles from Reading, we are greatly taken with several young heifers which are being brought under cover, and in one of the yards we find an excellent trio of two year olds, Lady Grace is particularly lengthy, and they all do credit to their sire, Longboat 48154, bought by Mr. Palmer from Mr. Holborow, and used as the successor to Capt. Mytton's Caractacus 42879, who proved very successful both as a sire and in the show ring, winning amongst other honours, the Roy a) at Reading in 1882. A dozen cows are found in the Park, and half-a-score over the fence include Marchioness 4th, from Manoravon. In the former are some very fine animals, Lady Hillhurst Craggs being a cow of large scale ; Baroness Hillhurst 2nd, deep and massive ; while Flourish, the daughter of her older sister, SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 377 by Caractacus 42879, is one of the best of the dozen. Daisy Pearl having only had one calf, promises to mature into a fine cow ; lastly Rosebud 3rd and Czarina 12th, are two grand old matrons, especially the latter, which stood third in her class at Kilburn. At Charlton House, within three miles from Wantage Road Station, on the Great "Western, Mr. H. Denis de Vitre has long been a supporter of the particular branches of the Barmpton Roses, Blanches and Madalines, which made Townley famous in the days of old. After using Messrs. Leney's Grand D\ike of Kent 2nd 28759, the Old Daisy blood was introduced by the use of two Blushing Dukes, bred at Pencraig, and females have also been added to the herd, as have the more fashionable Siddingtons and Wild Eyes. The Piincess line has been brought in through the brothers, Prince Ronald 46920 and Prince Randolph 51925, sons of Prince Saladin 40452 and Lady Wellesley 3rd. The present sires are the massive deep red Gerald 3rd 46419, formerly used by Mr. A. T. Matthews, and Duke of Darlington llth 52756, a capital roan yearling, bred by Mr. Evan Baillie, from his fine cow, Countess of Darlington 2nd. Mr. de Vitre intends to have every one of his pedigree cattle to possess good dairy properties, and no female will be retained that does not satisfy the owner in this respect. On account of the somewhat limited accommodation at Charlton, it is the intention to annually draft a few of the older cows to the Bingley Hall sales, as the owner considers that by so doing he has the opportunity of bringing them before the largest company of dairy farmers during the year at a public sale. The cows in profit have every appearance of doing their duty at the pail, even including the highly bred Lady Alice Siddington and Lady Elizabeth Siddington, half-sisters, out of a Grand Duke of Kent 2nd, daughter of Siddington 10th, bought as a calf at Mr. Bowly's sale of 1872, for 505gs. Berkshire Butterfly 2nd, Cambridge Butttrfly, and Midsummer Butterfly, belong to the Madaline tribe, and the last named, a deep bodied good cow is our special favourite, but she and her dam — Cambridge Butterfly — are of a not very taking red and white; Mistress Daisy and Daisy Barmpton both 378 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. appear extremely heavy milkers and Wild Duchess of Geneva 5th, bred at Gaddesby, has recently had twins. In another pasture, Lady Jane and Lady Jeannie, a pair of good looking dark red Barmpton Roses, trace to Col. Townley's "Rose of Lancashire, which branch passed to Pencraig, from whence they travelled to Charlton. Coy Blush, in her fifteenth year, is the only doubtful cow in the herd, and considering how beautiful she was in her younger days, it seems a pity to part with her, yet Mr. De Vitre has a daughter and grand-daughter to keep up the Blush branch, which was the late Mr. B^ever's favourite, and 400gs. it is said was offered in vain for Coy Blush, when at Pencraig. Townley Belle, Townley Memento, and Dereham Butterfly, are of three different lines of the Barmpton Rjses, one going back to Rose of Lancashire, another to Paris Butterfly, by the illustrious Master Butterfly 1331, and the third to the Duchess of Lancasters, which were conspicuous in the second Townley herd. The latest arrivals in the calf pens are by Gerald 3rd 46419, while three older ones are by a son of old Coy Blush's and in naming the calf, by Oxford Duke of Killhow 6th 50130, out of Lady Alice Siddington, Charlton, the owner has followed the late Mr. Bowly's example with the tribe originally, as the Siddingtons acquired their name from his residence. The older heifers are in an off lying pasture near to Wantage Road Station, here we have Chatter, of the Chaff tribe, Wild Duchess of Charlton, Princess Blanche — a lineal descendant of the beautiful Royal Butterfly's Duchess — as well as Barmpton Roses and Old Daisies, all reared in a natural state thus being more likely to ensure the thorough development of the milk glands. SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 379 CHAPTER XV. The Monmouthshire Herds. — Caldicot Hall. — The Duffryn. — Llanrumney Hall. — Maindiff Court. — The Hendre. — Herefordshire Herds. — Brynywyn. — Clifford Priory. — Loicer Eaton. — Worcester- shire Herds. — Oddingley. — Stoney Lane. — Bentley Manor. — Rosedale. Monmouthshire is entered by means of that successful engineering enterprise — originally planned by Mr. Charles Richard- son— the Severn Tunnel, and Caldicot, within one-and-a-half miles of the Junction is the first horns of the pedigree shorthorn on entering the County in this direction. The Rev. E. T. Williams possessed a small herd previous to the purchase of Iris and. Irene, from Mr. Bulteel, of Pamplete, who had the stock originally from Sarsden Lodge, and this laid the foundation of the present herd of twenty-five head, which comprises only two other families. Subsequently Mr. Williams purchased at one of the Berkeley sales, a heifer, tracing through No. 25 Chilton sale, to Mr. Mason's blood, and winding up with Colonel, while the animals from Mr. Bulteel's had Irishman, Sty ford and Favourite, as an honourable termination to their pedigree, and Mr. Williams has crossed the two families as much as possible, and has purchased in addition, such sires as Baron Oxford 4th 25592, not the celebrated bull of that name, used at Holker, but a son of his half-brother, Baron Oxford 2nd 23376 ; Earl of Horton 8th 33801, a highly bred Kirklevington, from Mr. R. P. Davies'; Young Barrington 42760, of the Florentia tribe, bred by Mr. W. H. Brown ; and Sinbad 48698— a son of Lord Dunmore's Marquis of Worcester 8th 43323 and Ruby Sweetlips — from the Bates herd at Sandringham. Mr. Williams has now sixteen females of the two tribes mentioned — eight of each — and a grand-da ug'iter of the Old Daisy cow, Escape, bought at The Hendre sale, and from time to time he has carefully weeded out such animals as did not suit his fancy, breeding especially for constitution, quality and character. 380 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. On reaching Newport, our first enquiry is for The Duffryn, and on arriving there we have the misfortune to find Mr. Richard Stratton absent from home. The family have long been connected with a breed of cattle which may be said to have been of their own founding, as the short legged, heavily fleshed animals of medium size, inclining more to the Booth type than the Bates, have been long and honourably known in English showyards, but the greatest successes achieved in late years have been in the Halls at Birmingham and Islington at Christmas time; Mr. Stratton in 1878 and 1882 winning the champion at Smithfield, and on two other occasions the champion in the female classes, while from 1849 to 1871, six gold and fourteen silver medals were won by Mr. Stratton's father, whose herd at Broad Hinton was commenced by the purchase of Phoenix 6290, in the year 1838, one of his get, named Moss Eose and her daughter, Young Moss Eose, by Mr. Adkins' Lottery 4280, proved extraordinary prolific, and at the respective ages of twenty and seventeen years, their portraits appeared in the Farmer's Magazine. From the descendants of Moss Eose and her daughter have sprung the best of the " Stratton " — the name has almost become as familiar as Bates and Booth, amongst showyaid frequenters — cattle, and of the one hundred animals which comprise the present herd, the greater part are their descendants, while many of the sires used at Broad Hinton, Alton Priors, and The Duffryn, have been of this family, and the time of our visit is no exception, as Pilot 51837, a level white two year old of excellent quality, with a deep full chest and good wide loin, but if anything hardly of sufficient scale, is assisting Fitz Mowbray 49591, hired from Warlaby, to prevent the deterioration of the herd with regard to size, on account of the somewhat close breeding followed by the owner, as with the exception of Bellerophon 47471 and Rob Eoy 29806, nothing but Moss Eose males have been used since the foundation of the herd, sixteen years ago, although Booth blood had been introduced at Broad Hinton ty the purchase of bulls bred at Athelstaneford and Westland, and Mr. Ackers' Crowned Victor 36408 is the grandsire of Pilot, while Pearl Diver 3718-, a son of Col. Lloyd SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 381 Lindsay's Rob Roy 29806, was successfully used. It will be thus seen that it has been Mr. Stratton's practice to introduce fresh blood when required, not by direct crosses, but in a diluted form, except in the use of Bellerophon and Fitz Mowbray, the former having however a Moss Rose sire and the latter, with the gradual intro- duction of Booth blood since 1860, in the Broad Hinton herd, could not be exactly called a direct cross. Such we may add is without doubt the correct method of introducing fresh blood into a herd when required, and not by crosses bred almost " as wide apart as the two poles" as several breeders have tried in late years, thus destroying the typs of the particular tribe in the produce, which should be the principal object of the breeder to maintain. After seeing the stock bulls we have Rosy Morn, the pretty successful yearling at Cheltenham, led forth, then a grand Hereford steer bought recently in the neighbourhood, appears equal to assisting the symmetrical Llanwern 19th, in maintaining the honour of The Duffryn at the Christmas shows, the latter is of a family which has been carefully bred from dairy cattle by Mr. Stratton, and produced a number of prize winners, this beautiful maiden heifer has already been first in her class at Birmingham, and unless her quarters form a source of objection to the judges, she should rank as the champion of her sex in the coming contest. Before leaving the buildings we have Llanwern 23rd. which managed to secure premier honours at the Wilts county show. One of the first of the eighteen pedigree dairy cows — which are a capital lot of short legged animals, showing abundant signs of milk in their shapely udders — is Rosy Gem, a nice style of cow, and the mother of Rosy Morn. Then Maid of Athens has also been an excellent breeder, her son, Acropolis — a Royal winner at York — and Belus have been used at home. Lily Pale is a giand specimen of the dairy shorthorn, and Birthday Rose has also an extensive udder, but not near so shapely as Lily Dale's. Prudence, a grand arch-ribbed young cow, carrying a lot of flesh, has Crowned Victor for sire, while Cordelia 2nd and Wild Rose, are a pair of nice stylish cows. The white Merry Legs is half-sister to Mr. Howell's Merry May, the highest 382 SHORTHORN HERDS OF KNGLAND. priced cow (115gs) at Mr. Stratton's sale three years ago when an average of £43 3s. Id. was made for the forty head. Day Dream has a roan son at the homestead, with a tremendous coat, but it is Bo-peep and Golden Fleece, both quite of the " Stratton" type that engage our thoughts as we are hurried off to distant meadows to see a large contingent of dry cows and heifers, with a few suckling their calves, comprising a total of some forty to fifty head. In the nearer of the two meadows we admire Lustre, a beautiful fronted heifer, Timbrel 5th, a white, of a family, bred for many years at Artfert, tracing to April Daisy, by Belshazzar 1763, but Wild K-ose, a roan, out of March liose is the handsomest. Again in the adjoining field the exceedingly level roan, Timbrel 9th, out of Timbrel 4th, immediately attracts attention ; Picotee, a Moss Rose with beautifully level shoulders, is engaged in suckling a cow calf ; a Llanwern does not disgrace the family name, but it is the grand old matron, Maid of Isis, by Twentieth Duke of Oxford 28432, from Maid of Athens, that is most admired, with such an example of success from the union of a Bates sire with a home-bred cow, it is almost a wonder that the owner has not ventured further experiments in this direction. Leaving The Duffryn, we proceed to Llanrumney Hall, about five miles distant, where the river Kuraney only divides Mr. G. C. Williams' estate from the " Principality." Mr. Williams believes like Mr. Stratton, that shorthorns should milk, and in fact not only pay for their keep, but yield a profit in addition. The milk is sent into Cardiff twice every day, and the purchases are selected with regard to their dairy properties, and any animal which does not reach Mr. Williams' standard is drafted. The herd was founded seven years ago, by the purchase of Portrait 9th, with her daughter, Rosebud, by Grand Duke of Geneva 2nd 31288, of the Bioadmoor Pye tribe, from the late Mr. J. R. Homfray, of Penllyn Castle, the former came in calf to Lord Hindlip's Confirmative 4±563, and Llanrumney Portrait was the produce, but she is not so handsome as Rosebud, a very fine cow, one of whose sons has been exported this year to Buenos Ayres and she also has a promising daughter in SHORTHORN HERBS OF ENGLAND. 383 Llanrumney Eosebud, by Eed Eover 46963. Lady Gwynne, another grand old matron, displaying nice shorthorn character, is however only a recent acquisition, having been purchased with her calf, New Year's Gwynne, by Lord Lat horn's Prince of Cranes 2nd 45387, thus combining the two different branches descended from Mr. Eobert Collings' Princess, which report credited with having been sold for TOOgs. in the early part of the century, to Sir H. Vane Tempest, Bart., and whose daughters, Nell Gwynne and Elvira, proved such extraordinary milkers. Lady Daisy 2nd, a very level roan, is the best specimen of milk and flesh combined in one animal, as she has a particularly nice udder, and Mignon Daisy 5th, also of this family is another straight young cow. Turning riverwards after seeing the dairy cows, and passing through a nice piece of coppice, suitable alike for either reynard or pheasants, we come in view of the best crop of swedes seen this season, in the pasture to the right, are a small flock of Oxfordshire Down ewes, with a fine ram of Mr. Albeit Brassey's in their company, and on the left, the heifers. George Eosedale 2nd 47949, a dark red robust five year old, of excellent quality, was bred at Kingscote, from the Bell Bates Georgie Hillhurst 6th. His young stock are satisfactory and Mr. Williams intends in future never to purchase a sire without seeing its dam, would that mote owners of pedigree cattle, who attempt to breed not only purely dairy shorthorns, did likewise, and even go a step further, by seeing the dam of the sire, then we might hope to find the shorthorn breed still more popular for its dairy and flesh forming qualities than it is at the present day. Mandiff Court has a beautiful situation on the Welsh borders, in close proximity to Pen-y-Va], otherwise the Sugar Loaf Mountain, the summit of which is nearly two thousand feet in height. The late Mr. Crawshay Bailey, was an extensive purchaser at the Pencraig Court sale of 1879, he having bought nine females of the Strawberry branch of the Old Daisies, and with the exception of Mr. Richard Stratton's Prairie Flower and her daughter, Precious Flower, the present herd are entirely descended from these pur- chases, from the latter breeder came Ameer 40974, of the Moss 384 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. Rose tribe, which was mated with both the Old Daisies and his own family. Mr. R. H. Masfen's Helot 46492, succeeded him, and after- wards Capt. A. C. Duncoinbe's Prince of Windsor 45406, of the Carperby Lily tribe, brought in the Booth blood, still more so did Hero 52998, a handsome young bull, bought at Acton Burnell for 160gs., as he was almost of pure Booth descent, but the fine massive Barrington Duke 6th 49121, obtained at the dispersion of the Llangattock Park herd, is a worthy specimen of the rival "house." The cows in the Park comprise several fine handsome animals, March- ioness, one of Helot's daughters, being perhaps the best ; Dewdrop, Margarita and Mandiff Daisy, being also creditable specimens of the same sire's get, whereas Blush Rose from Morning Blush, the highest priced of the Pencraig " bunch, " is excelled by hei younger half- sister, Maindiff Blush, seen behind the buildings, and the mother of Crawshay 51044, a wonderfully good topped young bull seen therein but since transferred to the ownership of Mr. Matthew Savidge. In company with Maindiff Blush, we find a grand young cow in Royal Daisy. The half-sisters, Precious Flower and Rosary, are a pair of symmetrical cows of theStratton type, while the heifers of both tribes are however some distance away, but if Prince of Windsor's daughters are anything like his son Crawshay, they must be uncommonly good. Eighteen years ago the late Mr. S. O. Priestley, whose cattle were, as previously mentioned, entirely descended from Mr. Charles Colling's Old Daisy, sold a number of cows and heifers to Mr. J. A. Rolls, M.P., of The Hendre, Monmouth, and with the exception of four animals, the entire herd are now descended from them, although two drafts were submitted to the public in 1879 and 1884. On the former occasion only descendants of Mr. Priestley's cattle were sent to Pencraig Court to be sold in conjunction with Mr. Beever's, and the excellent average of .£77 19s. 6d was obtained. In 1884, the sale comprised the whole of the several families that had been purchased from time to time, excepting Kirklevington Empress 2nd, bought at Berkeley, and her daughter, the result being satisfactory for the year. Only one purchase in either the female or male line has since been SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 385 made, and that took place at The Duffryn sale, on the day following the one at The Hendre, when Early Rose, the very last female lot of Mr. R. Stratton's was purchased. Eight hundred acres, are now farmed around The Hendre — built in the Norman and Tudor styles — under the management of Mr. Lipscombe, the shorthorns are bred on The Pentre farm, and the Hereford* — including not only a herd of the ordinary coloured " Whitefaces," but a small collection of the ancient grey or white breed — graze on the uplands of Llangattock, while a flock of Shropshires with rams from Messrs. Pulley and Knight, in service, roam over the whole. The first lot of cows are grazing in front of the mansion, Tuscarora 3rd and Sweet Blush, being two of the oldest, the former, one of the only two daughters of Mr. R. P. Davies' Grand Duke of Clarence 28750, now on The Hendre estate, has bred nine calves, seven of the male sex, including Randolph, an especially good young bull which made 145gs. at the last sale, while the latter showing great character, arid the oldest of the family in Mr. Rolls' possesvsion, has her two daughters, Blushing Belle and Crimson Blush, growing young matrons, grazing not far away, the last named being perhaps the best looking. Hilda Daisy, the younger of Grand Duke of Clarence's two daughters, a fine old cow, worthy of both the tribe and her sire, has bred an equal number of both sexes. Zoe's Daisy, of beautiful quality, possessed of lengthy quarters, a grand loin, and well sprung rib, is probably as truly made as any of the cows, excepting Siddington Blush 2nd, a handsome red, seen with her pretty red heifer calf, suckling its dam in one of the covered yards. This animal is well known to the public, having been exhibited successfully in 1885 at the leading shows, when she gained seven prizes, including third at the Yorkshire, she is now in her tenth year, has well retained her form, and is again to be exhibited at the County Show, which takes place in a couple of days, where no doubt she will do credit to the herd. Rosy Blush and Blushing Princess, combining the good old blood of the Chaff and Princess families, through their sires, Col. Lloyd-Lindsay's Churchill 37996 and Mr. Sheldon's Prince of Brailes 3rd 43821, are both from Siddington AA 380 SIIOUTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. Blush 2nd, but neither are so perfect in their hind-quarters as their darn, although a pair of nice breeding cows. Zara, one of the best in the Park, out of Zoe, has the 2nd Duke of Siddington 33732, for sire, the successor of Mr. Davies' Grand Duke of Clarence 28750, which was the first male used on the Old Daisies by Mr. Rolls. An Oxford from Kingscote following, while two own brother^ of the Princess tribe bred at Brailes, preceded Sir John Swinburne's Prince Waterloo 4th 48531, a son of Duke of Barrington 8th 41356 and Lady Waterloo 23rd, the sire of the heifers and some young cows next seen. Eosy Bloom, Zolite, Zarifa, and Hilda's Delight, are the names of a quartette of two year olds, of which the first named is a very deep square heifer, while of a younger generatipn, Blushing Priny, out of Blushing Princess, is "first favourite," both it is noticed are grand-daughters of Siddington Blush 2nd, the older being out of Eosy Blush. Of the young bulls, a red out of Zoethorpe, is of great length, and very straight, but wanting time to grow into a very useful animal likely to elicit more guineas at Bingley Hall next March than any other of the young bulls from The Hendre, where they are to be sent for disposal, his dam, as yet to be seen under a large covered shed in company with Euddy Blush, Early Eose, and Kirklevington Czarina, where she reigns supreme so far as looks are concerned, and carries herself with considerable style, besides possessing great substance. The Kirklevington is out of a beautiful heifer bought by Mr. Eolls for 770gs., at one of the Berkeley sales, and closely related to Lord Fitzhardinge's Eoyal prize heifer at Bristol, in 1878, her sire was Duke of Connaught 33604, and she was one of the few animals in this country that had a double cross of the illustrious 7th Duke of York 17754, in her pedigree. Kirklevington Czarina has yet only had male produce, but it is to be hoped that so shorthorn like a cow will yet leave female descendants behind her. Passing on to the county town, we find a trio of herds in the neighbourhood. Proceeding first to the seat of Mr. J. Eankin, M.P., we find shorthorns have been bred at Bryngwyn since 1873, when Dowke 10th, descended from the Rev. Henry Berry's Claro and SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 387 Laundress 2nd, tracing through Lunette, to Lady by Cecil 120, were bought at Capt. Winnall's sale. Other purchases were made at Earl Beauchamp's in 1^82, namely Lady Adria, a representative of Mr. Charles Colling's Moss Rose, and Sunshine ~>th, of short descent, from Eillpnil, by Duke William 11400. The present herd is composed entirely of these four tribes, the most numerous being the Dowkes. and undoubtedly the best of the twenty -three animals which compose Mr. Rankin's list of shorthorns. Duchess 3rd, a grand -daughter of the original purchase, possesses great substance and squareness of frame, she and her daughter, Grand Duchess, by Col. Kingscote's Duke of Hazlecote 54th 44684, are excellent types of what pedigree shorthorns ought to be, while the stylish Dowke loth, has proved an excellent breeder, having a pretty red cow calf by her side, which is own sister to Daffodil, the much admired heifer exhibited at Bingley Hall, where the best of the two year olds and yearlings were sent, and the rich roan Dowke 16th, which stood by her sick', had both the same sire and grand-dam. Ada, from Lady Adi ia, although the second p. ize heifer at Birmingham is truly made, but lacks the style and substance of the Dowkes, which are her half-sisters on the sire's side. Laundress 4th, an extremely heavy milker and quick breeder, has produced eleven calves, and only recently entered her twelfth year, but the female offspring do not compare favourably in quality with the first named tribe, yet Mr. Shaw — Mr. Rankin's agent — informs us that he has a ready sale at good paving prices for all bulls of this family, on account of their excellent dairy properties. Connaught 54120, the male now in service, is of great length, style, and quality, and has for his sire, Mr. Bassett's Connaught Lad 47619 — a son of Duke of Connaught 33604— and Mr. J. D. Willis' Blanche Duchess 4th, winner of many a dairy prize, is his dam. Mr. Rankin is not altogether wrapped up in the " red, white and roan," but is a staunch admirer of the "natives," of which a herd of seventy strong are excellent of their kind. In the buildings are the stud bulls, Cicero — a son of the renowned Lord Wilton— and Royal Grove 4th, by another celebrated sire, The Grove 3rd. Giant-ing across the yard we are in sight of 3SS SllORTltOTIN HERDS OF ENGLAND. Verbena and her two daughters, Viola and Vesta, almost models of their breed, but Tidy and her three companions, all by a son of Lord Wilton, are even better. The owner has certainly been to head- quarters for his blood and it is evident by the appearance of the animals, he will receive as good prices as any breeder, when desirous of parting with his " white faced " beauties. Leaving Bryngwyn and travelling a short distance by train, we duly reached Hay, a small town in the extreme south, and on passing through the meadows from the station to Mr. B. H. Allen's of Clifford Priory, we meet an old friend in Arethusa 4th, bought at The Oaklands sale of 1884, along with her daughter, Arethusa 8th, by Mr. Oliver's Cherry Grand Duke 9th 42922, the former is the dam of Argus 50704. the sire in service, and in addition to Asia 2nd, from the younger cow, there are two nice young bulls from mother and daughter. Mr. Allen has resided at Clifford Priory for twenty- four years and for seventeen of them, has been engaged in breeding shorthorns. The herd is utilized for the purposes of ordinary stock and numbers over seventy head. The young bulls are well reared and annually sold at Birmingham, where they have won several prizes and there is a nice selection of reds and roans, principally by Argus 50704, for the spring sale. The heifer calves are attractive, while eight yearlings, by Sir Knightley Walnut 52166 and Argus 50704, are very even, and the dozen two year olds do credit to Lord Moreton's Earl of Siddington 4th 47819. The previous sires have been of Bates blood, Macgregor 29241, a Rose of JRaby bull, was purchased at Holker, Hayle 43345, a Lally came from Ogwell, Wetherby Lad 32838, from Mr. James Knowles, King Eufus 38502, being bred at Gaddesby, and Lord Tortworth 31757, at Pencraig Court. About thirty dairy cows are roaming in the pastures and of the several tribes, the Grenades of Bell Bates origin, are the most fashionable in their breeding. The Beetroots, Bellas, Charities and Welcomes, which comprise the other sorts, are of local reputation, and originally descended from dairy cows, but they have been carefully crossed by Mr. Allen, for a number of years. SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 380 On returning from Clifford Priory, and driving out from Hereford in the opposite direction, we come to Lower Eaton, the seat of Mr. J. Pulley, whose herd of similar dimensions to Mr. Allen's, was founded in 1 866. The estate of four hundred and fifty acres is principally situate upon the banks of the Wye, so it is natural to find the cattle well grown, and in this respect we are not disappointed. The sires first used were Cherry Butterfly 23550 and Col. Tregunter 5th 30646, obtained from the famous herds at Sholebroke and Siddington, Mr. Har ward's Lord Claro 2nd 31640 and Mr. Holford's Duke of Worcester 2nd 39795, belonging to the well known Lady Worcesters, so well known in the former herd, succeeding them. The home-bred Lord Claro 4th 39596 and Conrad 33431, were next slightly used; afterwards Earl of Fawsley 8th 44742, from Brailes, and his son, Lord Fawsley 48189, were in service and they were succeeded by Mr. Stratton's Bridesman 45998 and Mr. Welsted's Plantagenet 48443, and at present Duke of Eosedale 20th 51148, belonging to the highly fashionable Thorndale Eoses is being used, his head and crest are very handsome, while the depth of front, chest, flank and thigh denote the making of a good bull, and his calves, some forty in number, are all that can be desired in hair, quality, substance and style. They are from dams of the Pye tribe, which trace through Lady Maynard; Sweethearts, Lady Dentsdales and Gwynnes, purchased at Mr. Hetherington's in 1880 ; and the Didos, original ly at Milcote. The Lady Dentsdales as a family, are preferred before any of the others at Lower Eaton, for beyond their personal appearance, they are descended from Mr. Maynard's famous cow Favourite, by Cotherstone 6093. The Didos are also full of Colling, Jobling and Knightley blood, and the Pyes noted in the hands of Messrs. Game, of Broadmoor and Churchill Heath, are prominent here. Gulnare 4th, although in her thirteenth year, is looking blooming and well, being the dam of one of the best animals in the herd. Duke of Sussex, a red yearling by Duke of Eosedale 20th, from Lady Sussex 2nd bought at the Horsted sale, is remarkably true made throughout, and we shall not be surprised if he is heard of another day, as a winner in the show SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. yard. Beyond Mr. Pulley's herd of large framed dairy shorthorns, we have the pleasure of seeing his flock of Shropsbires, which has contributed many winners to the lloyal, Bath and West of England and other shows. On alighting at Droitwich, in the neighbouring counfy of AVorcester, and wending our way along the lanes we suddenly come across a red and white young bull, reminding us of the days of Hubback and that the farm of Oddingley — in the occupation of Mr. James Kendal — must be near at hand. We find it is and that the tenant is minus one of a quartette of yearling bulls, which — or to be correct, three ot them — are grazing in a paddock adjoining the buildings, with one exception, Mr. J. Thompson's Harrington Duke 8th 52499, is the sire. Mr. Kendal has been interested in the breeding of cattle since 1861, when he purchased a score of heifers in Derby market and shortly afterwards commenced to use registered sires, but the first male bought after this date was obtained from the Rev. W. Holt B^ever, without a pedigree, and when required in after years, it was unable to be ascertained. The tenant naturally found that the produce of his dozen heifers varied in quality, the weeds were drafted and at the present time the thirty head of which the herd consists are descended from four of them, to which have been given the family names of Cleopatra, Cecilia, Gwendoline and Kathleen, with one foundation and the same system of breeding, they are naturally of one type, but however uniform a group of cattle are, there is usually one to which a preference is given, and in the fourteen dairy cows on the Oddingley farm, it is Cleopatra 5th which stands in this position, as her dairy properties are undeniable, and her substantial well knit frame will help to find a customer for her stylish roan son, one of the group first seen. The Kathleens have the choice of the heifers to their credit, in a daughter of Mr. Matthews' Euf us 48648, who is also the sire of five promising yearlings, while the calves, by Barrington Duke 8th, do him justice, one of his sons — a deep red — being especially good, and the young bulls before alluded to are well adapted for Ordinary dairy cattle, as the sires have always been selected by Mr. Kendal, for their individual merits, and under most of his cows are found excellent udders. SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 391 Travelling from Droitwich to Blackwell, we call at Stoney Lane, to see Mr. Thomas Harris, who has been a breeder for almost half- a-century, and we find him in the yard admiring some of the dozen shorthorns he retains to remind him of the old days. With one exception they are descended from Mr. R. Ceilings' Moss Rose, through Julia, purchased from Sir Charles Knightley, which was one of the only two cows retained at a sale held by Mr. Harris, twenty- nine years ago, and of whose descendants the successful sales held in 1878 and 1884 were largely composed, the average on both occasions being betwixt forty and fifty pounds. The owner is fond of the old sort, and Sorcerer, of this tribe is being used with excellent results, the calves by him being full of hair and of guod colours, their dams are generally very uniform in type, without showing either deterioration or coarseness. The following morning finds us at the Home Farm of the Bentley Manor estate, the property of Mr. R. Hemming, which with the two adjoining holdings now in hand, consists of one thousand acres of a very useful arable and grass. The buildings are com- modious and in many wavs suitable for an extensive herd of pedigree cattle. Two excellent sires are in service, the senior, Duke of Charmingland 32nd 51110, is of immense size and substance while not lacking in either style or quality, and we doubt if Mr. Sheldon has bred many of this popular Birmingham name superior in merit to Mr. Hemming's bull. The younger sire, Galliard 54340, from Waterloo Crocus, is an excellent sample of the older bull's piogeny. Mr. Hemming has been a breeder for twenty-three years, having purchased from Mr. Noakes, Ada, descended from Sir George Strickland's stock, and Grand Crocus, at the Sarsden Lodge sale, from these two cows the entire herd is now descended. Grand Crocus 6th, a grand-daughter of the original purchase, in her fourteenth year appears hale and hearty, two of her daughters, Waterloo Crocus and Roan Crocus, are an especially grand pair of cows, while two younger sisters are also good. The Adas are a nice family, but will not bear comparison with their companions— the Crocuses — yet the Fifty-first and Fifty-ninth are a taking sort, but 392 SHOltTHORN HERDS OP ENGLAND. the favourite is the Thirty -eighth. The two families number about thirty head, which are found in reasonable breeding condition, suitable for the general purposes of stock. Mr. C. W. Brierley's successful career as an exhibitor, has made his name famous in the shorthorn circle with which he has been connected five and twenty years, having commenced by purchasing Violet Queen, Eskdale Maid, and Lavinia, from Mr. Ambler, but unfortunately for him, after being a breeder for sixteen years, his first herd of forty-five in number, were all destroyed by pleuromonia, in April, 1879, with the exception of three young calves, which included Snowflake, since the heroine in many a show ring, she is by Bolivar's Farewell 33173, out of Bolivar's White Tulip, by the Royal winner Bolivar 15649, descending from Mr. Angus' Lame cow. Snowflake the winner at the Royal and several other shows, although nine years of age, is still looking blooming while again heavy in calf, her true form has changed but little, yet we must admit the beauty of youth to some extent has departed from her. What a charming sight to behold this favourite family group paraded for inspection, our host with the old lady, leads the way, followed by " Tommy " with her two massive rich roan daughters, Rosedale Snowflake and Rosedale Nun, with their snowy white offspring, which have not yet reached their first birthday, while there is yet another left behind, but too young to be brought forth in the piercing wind, it is the youngest born of Rosedale Emperor 54939 and Rosedale Nun, which is still in the box, a pretty little creature, but ho\\ small to be from so massive a beast, with such expanded ribs, wide loins and lengthy hind quarters, but in passing before us she steps less gracefully than her older sister, whose sweet countenance and beautiful forequarters renders her so attractive to meet, while her extraordinary carcase, moving at not too great a distance from the ground, is a source of admiration. Her daughter, Rosedale Graceful, is still more perfect, but her companion, Rosedale Grace, the production of Madrigal 51694 and Rosedale Nun, if anything excels in sweetness, yet perhaps a trifle deficient in hair and substance. Rosedale Comet, Snowflake's youngest born, although possessing many good points, SHOETHOIIN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 393 is not the equal of his sisters. Eosedale Goldust, a red yearling, from Eosedale Snowflake, completes the family group, he has length, size and style, yet lacks the grandeur of his mother. Cowslip, bred by Earl Spencer, with all the characteristics of a .shorthorn, is the dam of the much admired Victoria, a heifer remarkable for her personal beauty. Lady Worsley, a winner of several prizes, has bred a nice white calf by Prince Saturn 46926 — the sire of Euckley 50398 — the lady herself being by Self Esteem 2nd 28675, from Dewdrop, by Mr. J. B. Booth's Paul Potter 38854, followed by Lord Irwin, Lord Albert, Mountain Chief, and Blood Royal, her pedigree thus full of Booth blood or "show yard career." Eosedale Duchess, principally of Bates descent, and of Mr. Sharp's popular May Duchess family, is very wide and deep in front, but somewhat flat in the rib, her two daughters, Eosedale Maiden and Eosedale Pride, are very taking, although it is to her disadvantage that Eosedale Maiden has not followed the example of Eosedale Duchess in her depth of body. Empress 1 8th, is an extremely grand cow, and the dam of Eosedale Emperor 54939, sold for exportation to Buenos Ayres. A bunch of pretty yearling heifers are next presented for our inspection in Eosedale Violet, Ancient Fashion, Lady Cumberland 5th, Marchioness of Waterloo 6th, Miss Pearl 4()th, and Eosedale Bessy, they are all of a good stamp, but Ancient Eashion, bred by Mr. E. Jefferson of Preston Hows, is certainly our choice, as her rich roan does not make her less attractive, and her well sprung ribs, level back, and lengthy quarters will give her favour when seen elsewhere ; Marchioness of Waterloo 6th — the recent Bingley Hall winner — is very neat, but Mr. Brierley, like other good judges of shorthorns, reserves a treat for the close of our visit in Waterloo Cherry 13th, bred by the late Mr. S. L. Horton (also the breeder of Euckley), she is not large, but equally pro- portionate, but as much as her owner has fallen in love with her, we have a decided preference for the handsome Victoria. Euckley 50398, is too well known as a good bull to need any description from us, he is still remarkably level, but as a sire he has not been 394 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. beneficital at Eosedale, every calf born to him reproducing his colour, which makes Mr. Brierley use him only with caution, as dark colours a.re more saleable however true inform tho white mav h<\ CHAPTER XVI. The Wales Herds. — Pool Park. — P>o.s. — WaunyxcU ilouw. — (rrccn Farm.— Cardiff Caxtle. — Grenih ill. Entering the "Principality" by way of Ruabon, which is in near proximity to Wynstay, the much admired seat of Sir Watkin Wynn, and proceeding through Corwen, we duly arrive at Ruthin, where a view is obtained of the Castle, owned and occupied by Hie Lord Lieutenant — Col. Cornwallis West — but the object of our visit is not especially to admire the scenery for which North Wales is so famous, but to rest content with passing glances, in travelling from herd to herd. Pool Park — formerly the seat of Lord Bagot — noted for its magnificent timber and delightful scenery, has been in the occupation of Mr. R. Blezard, for the past twenty years. What can give more pleasure to the inmates of such a stately residence than groups of the "red, white and roan" grazing contentedly in the spacious Park, and especially if they are as highly bred and good looking as the present herd. Mr. Blezard began breeding shorthorns a dozen years ago, when several were bought at Scaleby Castle, and the next season Sproatley Rise supplied a Waterloo, while the same month, 555gs. was paid for Lady Wild Eyes 7th, at Berkeley Castle. Many other females of excellent descent, came at different intervals, Blanche 10th, Lady Surmise and her daughter, Lady Alice and Dentsdale 6th, hailing from Weeting Hall, Maplewell, Sholebroke and Underley, and not only was the first herd at Pool Park built up from these animals, but the four last named tribes are still represented. SnORTIIORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 395 Amongst the sires Mr. Ble/ard had in service, Duke of Siddington 3rd 38183, Cherry Duke llth 42018, Duke of Barrington 7th 39715 and Grand Duke of Barringtonia 7th 46650, may be mentioned, names which at once designate their famous birthplaces. Lastly, Lord Eoseberry 51644, a son of Knight of Oxford 40082 and Thorndale Eose 13th, unquestionably the handsomest young bull at the dis- persion of the Hindlip herd, fell a great bargain to Mr. Blezard's bid of 170gs., owing to an accident to his shoulder, from which he has never since recovered, but he is still the reigning " monarch " at Pool Park. The herd having outgrown the accomodatlon, sixty-two head were sold in August, 1886, at an average of <£37 16s. 4d., but the owner finding the loss of his "four footed companions," went in search of others, and returned a month later with two choice heifers in Oxford Duchess of Killhow 9th and Winning Beauty, from Killhow, while in the past spring, a visit to Wicken Park to witness the dispersion of the famous Penrhyn Castle herd, resulted in three of the Archduchesses of Oxford journeying into Wales. Countess of Barrington 12th and Countess of Barrington 13th, mother and daughter, were selected from one of Sir John Swinburne's drafts, sent to the northern depot for sale, the dam is certainly pretty but small, but the heifer is not only handsome but robust, her style, hair and quality being excellent. Lady Surmise 6th — the only one retained of the tribe — is undoubtedly the " Queen " of the herd, her missive frame, expanded ribs, great depth of chest and flank, in addition to the lengthy hind-quarters entitle her to be called a grand cow. The next enquiry is for the name of her companion, and our genial host replies " Dentsdale 6th," " a good cow, but lacking the grandeur of the Surmise " is our answer. A red and a roan lingering in the distance appear not the worst in the enclosure, and on approaching them, the former reminds us forcibly of the daughters of Tenth Grand Duke, seen at Holker in bygone years with their round ribs and wide loins, and proving to be Winning Beauty, descended from Bright Eyes 5th. The roan, more than half- sister in blood to the red, has Duke of Leicester 6th 49461, for sire 396 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. and traces to that remarkable daughter of Tenth Grand Duke, Grand Duchess of Oxford llth, she too is of great merit, and their pair of red cow calves are not the least valued of the owner's shorthorn possessions. Archduchess of Oxford 2nd, with a pretty heifer running by her side, has proved an excellent breeder, her daughter, Archduchess of Oxford 3rd, being a very fine cow, and the grand- daughter, Archduchess of Oxford 6th, even handsomer than her dam, although a red half-brother is somewhat too tall for his age. Musical 22nd and Empress Sale 5th. from Capheaton, are a very good class of cattle to have on any estate ; two Blanche cows are heavy milkers, and the same number of Acombs, with a trio of Old Daisies bringing up the rear of this fashionably bred herd. Passing onwards to Major Conwy's estate at Bodrhyddan, situate four miles from Ehyl, a small seaside resort on the North Coast, Mr. Bell at once drives us to view the herd, which dates its foundation as long ago as 1853, when purchases were made from Mr. Eaton, of Kellesbrooke, and three years later, four cows were obtained from Mr. Ellison, of Sizergh Castle, afterwards others were selected from the herds of the Hon. Noel Hill, Mr. Eobert Bell, Lord Skelmersdale, and Lord Penrhyn. Springfield, Townley, Penrhyn and Holker supplied the earlier sires, while recently Wild Boy of the Valley 42609, of Mr. Eobert Lodge's breeding, has been in service, and at present, Master of Oxford 50039, a grand squarely built roan, full of hair and quality, bred at Great Eissington, from Maid of Oxford 9th, whose genealogy had the well known Grand Duke of Clarence, Third Duke of Claro, Seventh Duke of York, and Fourth Duke of Oxford, at the head of a pedigree, with a good ancient foundation, but not fashionable. Major Conwy continued to increase his herd either by breeding or purchase until 1878, when Mr. Thornton dispersed seventy-five head at £34 each. The owner being encouraged by so successful a sale immediately commenced to purchase females with a view of forming a second herd. Hortensea, a descendant of Mr. E. Ceiling's Moss Eose, was obtained from Mr. Thomas Harris ; Waterloo Belle and Waterloo Eose, from the Cumberland herds belonging to the Earl of Lonsdaleand Capt. Gaudy, SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 397 while accompanying the latter were Czarina and Golden Duchess 7th; Princess Alexandra, of the Place tribe, was purchased at one of the Low Hill sales ; while Kirldevington Duchess, Kirklevington Lady 6th, Duchess 6th and Duchess llth, were bought at Knightley Hall, and from the purchases above enmimerated the majority of the present herd descends. The animals as a whole are well grown (without being pampered) and good dairy cattle, partaking of the Bates style, as well as being excellent breeders. Mr. Bell has ever been careful, not only to select highly bred sires, but good animals, the result being that there are as fine a lot of young bulls at Bodrhyddan as eye need look upon. The several tribes graze together, and of the Places, it may be written that they are prosperous ; Moss Eoses, even ; Acornbs and Kirklevingtons, thoroughly adapted for the dairy; but the Waterloos are our choice, and Wild Eose the best of all. At Noyadd Wilym, near to the County town of Cardiganshire, Mr. C. Morgan-Eichardson is aiming at securing a good herd of dairy shorthorns and any heifers failing to milk satisfactory, will be drafted without regard to pedigree. The earlier purchases were selected from the best local herds, the owner endeavouring to breed from animals suited by their strong constitution to withstand the somewhat humid climate of South Wales, and of the more recent acquisitions, Content, of the Quickly tribe, purchased at Mr. W. S. Gibbs' sale in 1884, has bred two heifers since coming to Noyadd Wilym ; four trace to Mr. Cowling's Cowslip, who had a double cross of Mr. Charge's Kitt 7127, upon a cow by Mr. Page's Bull 6269, the same number to Mr. Stiles Eich's Sweetbread, while Princess Eockvilleand her daughter, Princess Derwent, are of the Broadmoor Phillis tribe. Mr. W. Handley supplied Sir Arthur Derwent 50452, the sire in service, in addition to Virtue, a daughter of the prize winning Golden Treasure 51346, the former having also Eoyal winners for sire and grand-sire, viz : Sir Arthur Ingram 32490 and Master Harbinger 40324, while the next generation, Earl of Derwent 28503, was also a well known show bull. Surely with so much noted prize blood in his veins, his produce should be satisfactory, 398 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. and in conclusion it may be added that it is Mr. Morgan-Richardson's intention to use only males containing a large proportion of Booth blood in their descent. At Manoravon, situate in the beautiful Vale of Towy, Mr. D. Pugh, M.P. has the only Booth herd in the principality and right well he maintains their fame, as witnessed by the specimens he has sent forth to champion the breed at the English Royal meetings, worthy of especial mention are Czarina Manoravon, first in her class at Reading and afterwards champion at the Yorkshire, in 1882, and Zoe 5th, winner at both Norwich and Newcastle, in addition to being reserve to Lady Pamela for championship at the latter. The successful sale at Knowlmere in 1871. witnessed Mr. Pugh's in- troduction into shorthorn breeding, males being bought in the proportion of "two to one," Sir Hildebrand 29963 and Duke of Albemarle 28355, accompanying the three hundred guinea March- ioness to Manoravon, both purchases proved fortunate, the Mistress Mary heifer being the ancestress of a numerous family, occupying the fertile pasture on the banks of the river Towy, and the two Bliss sires also left their mark on the after purchases, which during the past sixteen years have been made at the sales held at Beestori, Hopton Hall, Killer by, Prinknash Park, Singleton Park and Stonewall Park, while at Aylesby, Falmouth 38268, was bought to succeed the Knowlmere bulls, Mr. Aylmer's Sir Charles 44<)20 being purchased in 1879, to assist the Flower bull, and from the beautiful animals exhibited at the shows, it is seen that both crosses were a success, the former lived until past his eleventh year, and his son, Bright Falmouth — half-brother to the prize winner, Bright Andrew 49196 — from Bright Morn, a very mellow touched white, has been sharing the honours of the herd with Pensioner 54790, a Booth topped Sylph, bred at Bally waiter, but the "coining" sire is the roan Matalini yearling, Victor Andrew 55158, a son of the before mentioned, Bright Andrew 49186 and Vici:oi ia Junia, he is wonder- fully level, and it is difficult to find fault with his compact shapely frame, which if used extensively in the herd, should help to maintain its old traditions in the showyards, and anothe. home-bred yearling — • 8HOKTHOUN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 300 Royal Pluto — from the younger of the Killerby purchases, shows enough merit to warrant his being Victor Andrew's future "lieutenant." Something like a score of all ages are observed in the pasture leading to the buildings. Taking them in the order they are introduced, we have Charming Belle, a very nice Sir Charles heifer, of Knightley extraction, but the tribe passing through Mr. Meacle- "Waldo's hands before coming into Wales, it is now quite of the Booth type. Marchioness Towyvale is a great grand-daughter of the Knowlmere purchase, and certainly her sweet feminine head, neat shoulders and wide expanding ribs make her the most desirable of the several Mistress Mary cows in this pasture, although Marchioness Manoravon 2nd is a good wealthy sort, and Magdalene, a deep milker, with a shapely udder. Portia and Queen of Diamonds — the Killerby purchases — are close at hand, the younger shows nice character, while the aged " Queen," a short legged massive red and white, has added Queen of Hearts to the Manoravon herd since her arrival, but Victoria Junia — the mother of the excellent young bull — declines to further increase Mr. Pugh's list of shorthorns. The Czarinas and Tulips, trace to the old Strickland blood through the Ozleworth herd, from whence they were obtained, Caroline 3rd, representing the former, is a neat young cow, but the best are still to be seen, and Tabby 2nd, is a very pretty calf, by the home-bred Czar 54 1 40, who has also to his credit another attractive little lady — Charmer 3rd — from Charming Lily, and with the exception of a weakness in her loin, Charming Bead 3rd, cannot but be thought well of. In another pasture near the Towy, are the massive white Lady Elsie, purchased at the Prinknash sale, \\ith her lengthy capital coated daughter, Lady Charles ; Bright Lady, a strong and promising heifer, descended from the greatly admired Bright Queen ; and Arabella, a large framed heavy milking roan of short descent. We might almost fancy ourselves at Warlaby in the dark days which succeeded the several attacks of foot and mouth disease, when on entering a hill side pasture the dozen cows and heifers contained 400 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. therein may be said to be more or less " doubtful " as to their breeding state, although hopes are entertained that some two or three may prove in calf, as Bright Cymro 54039 has been running with them during the summer. They are a grand heavy fleshed lot, with great ribs and wide loins, worthy of any herd. Czarina Manoravon and Marchioness Manoravon 4th, have been the pair best known to the public, the former, as already stated, was the York- shire champion female of 1882, and the latter reserve yearling at the Kilburn Eoyal. Charming Alba and Charming Bead 4th, represent the Sweethearts, but ^he Czarinas are the most numerous, White Zoe, a nice ladylike cow — the dam of Zoe 5th —is here along with two older sisters to the Eoyal winner, which, reposing comfortably in her box at the Home Farm, appears none the worse for her distant journeys, and maintains her remarkably true form, but if exhibited in future years, the judges may easily pass over her undoubted good points, if she does not mature into a cow of greater scale than we give her credit for doing. Eebecca, a Eoyal Saxon cow was bought at Hopton Hall, and Lady Geraldine traces to the Killerby herd through that of Prinknash. It is certainly unsatis factory to owner and manager to have so many fine animals idle on the farm, but surely it is not beyond the skill of our learned professors to discover some sure and infallible remedy for a disease — abortion — that causes such serious looses in many hards in the country. The Bates portion of Sir H. H. Vivian's herd is located on his estate at Park le Breos, eight miles from Swansea, but a dairy herd descended from animals purchased from the Messrs. Arkell and Stratton for their deep milking properties, is at Singleton Park, in close proximity to the town. Some of the best of the lots at the dispersion of the Alton Priors and Dudgrove herds were secured by Sir H. H. Vivian, thus comment on their good frames and shapely udders is unnecessary and our notes will be confined to the choice Bates herd now gathered together on the Park le Breos estate. Both Duchesses and Oxfords are lepresented in the male and female line, or to be correct in writing ol the former will ba as SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 401 Grand Duke of Geneva 3rd 49377, purchased at the Underley sale, has nofc arrived, but the female specimens are wonderfully good, especially the white Grand Duchess 46th, which exhibits all the symmetry and character impressed by Duke of Connaught upon his produce. Her first calf was unfortunately lost, but the second — Grand Duchess 61st — is a straight nice heifer and a third is expected shortly. Baroness Oxford 5th, the highest priced of her tribe in this country, came into the owner's possession from the Preston Hall sale, and a wealthy red and white two year old is the only produce she had at Park le Breos, while Duke of Oxford 70th 5 L 141, a shapely red of medium size, with good hair, has been used the last two seasons. The Wellingtonias, or Mariposas as they are now named, were obtained at Kimbolton by the purchase of Sequoiah, and of her two daughters, Mariposa and Mariposa 2nd, we prefer the latter, which has bred a straight roan yearling in addition to a newly dropped bull calf. The Wild Eyes are the most strongly represented tribe, Lady Bright Eyes 2nd, Lady Worcester 24th, and Belle of Worcester 2r,d, being an excellent trio, while the Darlingtons are not far behind with an exceptionally pretty calf, and her mother, Deepdale's Darling, Sharon's Rose and Sharon's Rose 2nd, bought at Elmhurst, have proved prolific breeders, the former having had five heifers since coming into her present owner's possession, four of which were sold at the Langleybury sale, with the produce of the younger cow, nothing daunted, the pair have each had female produce, thus this tribe is again the most numerous in the herd. Royal Gwynne 4th, hailing from Killhow, worthily representing the Cumberland "Pollies," had six hundred and sixty-one gallons placed to her credit in the season of 1884, and the Siddington Gazelles have also a fine specimen in the aged Gertrude. Alighting at Bridgend, midway betwixt Swansea and Cardiff, we proceed to Waunyscil, a little under a mile from the station, to see how Mr. W. R. Randall has fared with his purchases at The Hendre sale of 1884, where he obtained Red Rose of Maplewell {3rd, a daughter of Duke of Glos'ter 5th 36494, and the imported Red Rose of Braemar, as well as Wastwater 2nd, combining the BB 402 SHORTHORN TTRRDS OF Princess and Waterloo strains, with a dash of Booth through the maternal grand-sire, Dr. Mac Hale 15887. The former, a nice short legged deep bodied red, has bred the two Eed Eoses of Waunyscil, the older being by Blandford 50884, an Old Daisy calf, bought at The Hendre, while the Waterloo, although not in the herd', has bred Wast water 3rd, a remarkably fine two year old, which when exhibited at the county shows was awarded second honours, and Dainty Waterloo, a nice yearling, to Sir H. H. Vivian's highly bred Duchess Nancy bull, Oxford Dandy 48396. A third family at Waunyscil are the Seraphinas, which comprise Celeste 10th, and her two daughters — Celestine and Celeste llth — of the branch formerly in the late Lord Sudeley's possession, when they were well crossed with Bates sires. Mr. Randall has three good old tribes, on which to found a herd, and with sufficient fresh blood to allow of crossing with highly bred Bates bulls without fear of disaster. Mr. J. Howell has laid the foundation of a herd by purchasing a number of good pedigree dairy cows of various strains of blood, for the stocking of The Green farm of four hundred and fifty acres — the greater portion of which has been purchased by him — four miles distant from the most thriving city in the Principality, and on which he has erected a most commodious set of buildings, capable of holding one of the finest herds of cattle in the country. The piggeries, not yet complete, promise to be first class in their depart- ment, the residence, erected by Mr. Howell for his own occupation, being of the same tint of lime stone, and the whole are of recent construction and pleasing to the eye. By breeding pare bred stock in every department on the farm, of the best possible description, is the only way the enterprising owner can hope to be repaid a fair percentage on his outlay. The Blanches are the most numerous family, Mr. Howell having secured seven of the Roan Duchess branch, so famous in the palmy days of Townley, at the disperion of the Ullenwood herd, and Lady Wild Eyes, a stylish young cow of considerable scale, one of the first animals shown us, lies contentedly in a loose box, the number SHORTHORN HKRDS OF ENGLAND. 403 of which are a special feature in the construction of the buildings. Two roan calves which accompanied their darns from Ullenwood, have grown into a nicy pair of yearlings, and amongst the other most prominent animals at the homestead are a roan heifer, out of Merry May, and the stock sires, which comprise Heathfi^ld, a son of Mr. Stratton's Acropolis 47316, from M^rry May, and Green- field, of the same line of blood but by lied Rover 469&1, out of Cyprus Gem, of the Moss Rose family, which has produced so many good animals in the hands of the Messrs. Stratton, but the most important of the trio is Baron Oxford 3rd 4:2737, bred at Havering Park and used by Mr. C. H. Bassett in tho Pilton herd, from whom h^ was privately purchased by Mr. Howell. He left a number of fine heifers in Devonshire, and is a massive short legged animil with a fine masculine head, indicative of his aristocratic lineage, and he should mate well with the Blanches, which aie particularly free from the Oxford blood. Cleopatra and Merry May, two of the handsomest and best cows at The Duffryn sale, were purchased by Mr. G. W. G. Thomas, after whose death they came into Mr. Howell's possession and they are ceitainly a pair of animals of which any owner may justly be proud for their great individual merit- combined with grand dairy qualities. Cots wold Rose 3rd, having Mr. Oliver's Grand Duke of Waterloo 2b766 for sire, is a grand old matron, and Red Rose of Hindlip 6th, of a younger generation, is also attractive, she came from the great Hindlip sale with Zoe, and her two daughters, of the Old Daisy tribe, the latter are seen amongst the younger cattle and promise to make fine cows, but our favourite or. the heifers is Sweet-briar 12th, which came with the, Blanches from Ullenwood, as well as a roan Darlington. In addition to the Old Daisies from Hindlip, Lady Daisy was bought at The Hendre, and a roan heifer is seen from her, by Prince Waterloo 4th 48531. In accompanying the owner into Cardiff, we have the pleasure of riding behind the fastest cob we have come acioss in all our wanderings, and on our next visit we look forward to finding an excellent herd of shorthorns on the Green Faim. 404 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. On the opposite side of Cardiff, at the Home Farm of the Marquis of Bute, whose name is so well known in connection with the splendid docks adjoining the town, the herd numbering not quite a " score " of all ages, is under the care of Mr. Templeton. Patience, a roan heifer of considerable style and substance, has been exhibited, her quality is not quite so much to our liking as that of Quiver, from Quicksilver 10th, a good old cow of Mr. Hobbs' breeding, afterwards seen in the Park in company with Premium 6th, a squarely built white of large scale. Cleopatra's Needle, bred at Laughton, and Julia, from Juniper Berry, bought at the dispersion of Mr. W. Bliss' herd ; as well as Harmony, a great milker, and Clarionet, her red attractive daughter. Included in the older heifers are a roan Eose of Eaby, by Duke of Cumberland 49439, from the handsome Eose of Eaby 3rd, bought at the Hindlip sale, and Thorndale Blanche 3rd, out of a Grand Duke of Geneva 2nd cow, bred at Churchill Heath, the remaining ones being out of the matrons already mentioned. Daisy King, a capital roan yearling, particularly good in his front and middle, was purchased in Bingley Hall last March, for service in the herd, after being placed second in a class of sixty. About two miles beyond the Cardiff Castle Home Farm, we find Mr. H. J. E\ans laid the foundation of his Greenhill herd by selecting from Lord Bute's shorthorns, Duchess, a cow of nice quality, which has since proved a particularly good breeder and heavy milker. The six families now in Mr. Evans' possession are each represented by three female members. Minstrel 6th, a very handsome specimen of Mr. Bowly's Musical tribe was purchased at the Berkeley sale of 1882, and has five of the best of the Siddington sires at the head of her pedigree. Stoneleigh Duchess 14th, another very fine cow, was obtained at the dispersion of the late Mr. J. J. Stone's herd. Princess Honey, of Kingscote origin, bought two years later, at The Hendre, and on the succeeding day, Merry Thought, from an own sister to Mr. Howell's grand cow, Merry May, fell to Mr. Evans' bid at The Duffryn. Lastly, Music, Minstrel, and Queen, tracing to Mr. Mason's No. 25, came from SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 405 Llangattock Park. Mr. Homfray's Eonmon 52892, and Mr. Stratton's Prodigal, were the earlier sires, Minstrel Boy, a promising son of the latter, and Minstrel 6th, being now in service, wliile a rich roan calf bred by Mr. W. W. Slye, combining the Sweetheart blood on both sides of the house, has been purchased to succeed him. CHAPTER XVII. The Shropshire Herds. — Uffington. — Adcote. — Broom House. — Plasyn Grove. — Hanley Hall. — Garth Hall. — Eaton Constantine. — Sheriff Hales Manor. — Ercall Park. — Staffordshire Herds. — Elmhurst Hall. — Ellenhall. — Sugnall Hall. — Various Midland Herds. — Wroxall. — The Outwoods. — Cheshire Herds. — Clayley Hall. — Talley Grange. — Tatton Park. On reaching Shrewsbury, our first visit is to Uffington, three miles distant, where the herd and flock have a fame far outside the county in which they are situate. The former was founded nearly forty years ago by the late Mr. John Evans — father of the present owners, Messrs. P. A. and G. Evans — from cattle selected from the herds of the late Lord Hill, and Mr. Gardiner, of Sandsaw. Eor many years great attention was paid to the sires, and the reputation of the stock for being a thoroughly rent paying sort, led to an extensive demand from the dairy herds in the West Midlands for the male produce, which still continues, and the yards are noticeably wanting in young bulls fit for service. In 187#, the late Mr. Evans offered between fifty and sixty head — with the exception of one bull, not a single other animal had the least pretence to fashion in their breeding — which brought an average of over <£32, entirely on their merits as good and useful cattle, and three years later, the same number increased the average of the previous sale by over three pounds, although there was no fashionable element prevailing in the breeding to cause this increase, if it had not been for their intrinsic 406 SHOUTllORN HKRDS OF KKOLAND. merits. About tins period, Mr. Evans began to purchase an occasional highly bred female, and Wild Duke 3rd 42(511, a son of Duke of Connausjht 38(504 and Lady Wild Eyes 9th. thus being nearly full brother to Lord Fitzhardinge's beautiful heifer, Lady Wild Eyes loth. Duke of Wetherby 5th 81083, after being used at Elmhurst, Holker, and Wetherby, was bought at Mr. Greo. Fox's sale, and the few daughters seen at Uffington, show his remarkable impressivensss as a sire. Mr. Casswell's Laughton Duke 2nd 45086, was purchased the following year, and the succeeding one, Duke of Ilindlip 2nd 46246, hired for four months at one hundred and seventy guineas from Hindlip, previous to going to Audley End amongst the Thorndale Roses. Viscount Oxford of Elmhurst 48892 — a grandson of Mr. Lovatt's 1,400 guinea Eleventh Maid of Oxford — has left a number of grand wealthy daughters in- cluding that beautiful heifer, Lady Oxford Waterloo 5th, which afterwards proved the winner at Newcastle in the youngest female class. His successor, Cambridge Duke 20th 54068, a remarkably level yearling, with capital well laid shoulders — although not too thin — good ribs, and depth of body, was bred by Mr. C. R. Lynn, and is a son of Knight of Oxford 3rd 43441 and Eed Rose llth, of the English branch of the Cambridge Roses. The females are reared without any forcing, and the cows and heifers are found in a natural healthy breeding state. The Waterloos are the most prominent family in the herd, and even more so will they be, since Lady Oxford Waterloo 5th has gained a Royal victory, certainly she is a sweet ladylike heifer, and although not past her calfhood at the date of our visit, she displays that trueness of outline, which she shows so well when in her exhi- bition form, indeed it was the opinion of the Canadians at Newcastle that she was the most promising animal in any of the heifer classes for next season. As her owners refused tempting offers for her to cross the water, may they enjoy the pleasure of winning future victories with this the most beautiful heifer the well known Bates tribe has produced for many a year. Grand Waterloo 2nd, the grand dam of the last mentioned heifer, was the late Mr. Evans' SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 407 fortunate purchase at Wallington when a yearling, and is still barely ten years of age, having bred a calf regularly every year since 1880, and with one exception they have been heifers, let it not be supposed that this is a solitary instance of the regular breeding of the Uffington cows, because owing to no undue forcing, and the practice of putting the heifers to the bull somewhat young — when arriving at the second and third calf no ill effects are observable — with but an occasional exception they are most regular breeders. Lady Wetherby Waterloo, a handsome red and white daughter of Duke of Wetherby 5th 31044 and Grand Waterloo 2nd, has bred a pair of excellent Lady Oxford Waterloos to Viscount Oxford of Elin- hurst, the younger being the best of the calves in the yard, and Grand Duchess Waterloo, a still older sister, has Duke of Hindlip 2nd 46426 for sire, she is a very taking heifer, with capital loins and deep brisket. Mr. Bates' Wild Eyes family are also found in the Uffington pastures, although limited to two half-sisters from Wild Duchess 3rd, and a heifer calf from the older, but our favourite is the deep bodied younger sister, Wild Lady of Oxford. Duchess Darlington 5th, a deep milking sort from Whittlebury, has bred a couple of heifers named Darlington Belle and Beauty of Darlington, while Grand Duchess Carolina 3rd, one of the purest bred Craggs in this country, is still at Uffington, having had a bull this season, her grand-daughter — Grand Duchess Carolina 7th — having however brought a heifer as her first contribution, but what may be known as the ''Elsies " are slightly in the ascendant as to numbers, in addition to comprising an especially fine cow in Elsie Duchess, they are descended from Elsie Stuart, sold for 250gs. at the Kingscote sale of 1875, and have retained the prefix of " Elsie " since coming to their present abode. The Knightleys are of several branches, the Charmers being represented by Lady Clara 13th, from The Oaklands, and Charming Sweetheart, a deep red short legged daughter of Duke of Wetherby 5th 31044, while the Rosies, like the Craggs, have some of the highest bred of their tribe at Uffington, Bertha Fawsley having five Duchess and Oxford crosses upon Sir Charles Knightley's Coquelicot, and some of the heifers have still two more Bates sires, 408 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. a roan, out of Baroness Fawsley 8th, being particularly level. The Messrs. Evans have also many fine dairy shorthorns of the stamp which the public appreciated in the past, and on future occasions \vill doubtless do so again when the triennial sales are held, or rather we believe the next will be quadrennial, as owing to the extensive draft on the last occasion, an extra year is to be allowed for the herd to multiply, ere the well known head of the Midland firm of shorthorn auctioneers once more holds the "glass" at Uffington, and may the bids pour in as quickly as the grains of sand run out. After inspecting the herd, we are invited to see the far famed flock of "Shiopshires," which certainly may be described as the finest in this country, as at the last annual sale, held shortly before our visit, the honour of securing both the highest individual pi-ice and the highest average ever realized at public auction for any breed of sheep in the kingdom, were obtained by the Uffington flock. Founded by the late Mr. Evans forty years ago, it is a striking instance of what can be done in breeding by judgement, care and management. After a most triumphant show yard career, the Uffington flock has now retired on its well earned " laurels," and the great success which attends the annual ram sales, proves the reliance placed in it by the leading breeders in this and other countries. Like the shorthorns, the Shropshires are kept in healthy breeding condition, and form a picture not to be forgotten by any- one who loves high class stock in which size without coarseness, beautifully covered heads, and striking uniformity of character, are at once discerned. True it has taken, nearly half a century, to pei feet them, but the high standard aimed at, has most certainly been attained. Although the postal town for Adcote is the same as Uffington, it is necessary to engage the services of the "Great Western" before Baschurch is reached, from which Adcote is under three miles, here Mr. A. E. W. Darby began breeding Booth shorthhrns in 1875, with the purchase of females of Mr. E. S. Bruere's Flower tribe, and a Vesper bull. At the Bowness sale two years later, Vernal Star, and her daughter, Vesper Queen, were bought at high prices, SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 409 but excepting Twinkling Star, a grand-daughter of Autumnal Star, calved in this country before Vernal Star's shipment to Canada, no female produce are found in the herd. Advantage was taken by Mr. Darby in 1874, on the occasion of the dispersion of the Acton Burnett stock, to dispose of three of his tribes. Warlaby has supplied King Harold 40053, King Hector 49809, King Eoderick 44999 and Eoyal Mo\vbray 42330, on hire, and Czar 49348, a short legged massive bull, wonderfully covered with grand hair, was purchased at the dispersion of the Prinknash herd, his breeding is equal to the Warlaby sires above mentioned, being by the Christon Lord Prink- nash 2nd 38653, out of Zenaicla, a daughter of the beautiful Zvezda, sad to say he is the last of this highly bred branch of the Bliss tribe, which in Lady Pigot's possession produced the successful By this 25700, as well as Zvezda. In the Park we find Eose Eoyal — one of the original purchases of the Eose family — with a rare old fashioned udder, and alongside of her is Eosa Sabrina, her grand-daughter, by King Harold 40053. Hill Dewberry 3rd, is a good fleshed young Cold Cream cow, so favourite a sort at Windsor and Sandringham, but Clara Cleina, the highest priced (leorgie at Knowlrnere is the best of the lot, with her excellent ribs and well laid shoulders. Her dam, Clara Eegia, by Eoyal Stuart 40646, from Claribel, bred at Killerby, was placed third in the two year old class at Eeading. Several fields distant are four handsome red two year old daughters of Eoyal Mowbray 42330, our favourites being Eosa Susanna and Nancy Mowbray, the latter, a very wealthy good heifer, is however hardly firm enough in her loin. Eosa Superba, from Eose Eoyal's sister — Eosemary — and Nancy Booth, of a lighter hue in colour than any of her companions, is a daughter of Nancy Lee, the first heifer calved by Cherry Eose at Adcote, after her arrival from Kingsfort, where the family had been for several generations crossed with Warlaby bulls, and of the sires which compose Nancy Booth's pedigree, seven were bred by the Messrs. Booth. Nearer the homestead are Leodine 4th, Eosa Verbena * and Twinkling Star, in point of seniority, the white Leodine ranks first, being nine years old in March, and the matron of 410 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. the successful family group at the Shropshire and West Midland show. This tribe is full of Messrs. Colling, Crofton and Jo bl ing's blood, in the earlier generations, while naturally to be thought worthy of a place in the rising Adcote herd, it. h is been in recent years mossed with Booth. Twinkling Star, compact and level, with grandly sprung ribs, is of excellent quality and appears likely to breed some good bulls, but it is hoped so fine a representative of the ancient Vesper tribe will leave female produce to perpetuate the tribal name. In another pasture, Lady G-aiety, a giand heavily fleshed roan of the "Angus" blood on both sides — being out of the Duke of Northumberland's Gaiety 3rd — is greatly admired. Claribel, her companion, has been a fine cow in her younger days, and although suffering from a dislocated hip, is now heavy in calt to King Hector 49809. In returning to Ba^church, we are shown two more small groups, the first comp ising four young heifers of Mr. Meade-Waldo's Sir Watkin's get, although great substance is possessed by Eosa Morrella, yet Princess Gay — out of Lady Gaiety- is the most shapely of the quartette. In the adjoining pasture, Lady Leodine, grazes with Nancy L?e and her daughter, Nancy Fell, very handsome cattle of the Warlaby type. Mr. Darby's pens of Berkshires and Cochin Chinas are well known by the frequency of their successes at the shows, and we regret not having time to visit them. Passing northwards to Ellesmere, we drive to see Mr. W. Sheraton, at Broom House, who has been interested in shorthorns for the past thirty-seven years, his first purchases being made at Darlington Market in 1850, from Mr. R. Emmerson of Ery holme, and Mr. Teasdale, of Darlington, while General Aylmer, of Wai worth Castle, contributed the animal that proved the ancestress of the Wai worth Ladies. Cattle were also bought from Mr. Forrest, of Stretton, in Cheshire, and Major Poole, of Terrick Hall, Whitchurch, the Lady Stowells being the names of the cattle tracing to the former herd, and Halstead Ladies and Terrick Ladies to the latter. The Lady Harpers, originally descended from Lord Hill's stock, were so named on account of being bought of a Mr. Harper, in 1851, and SHORTHORN HKRDS OF KNGLAND. 411 the Hawarden Ladies, after the mansion — Hawarden Castle — of Sir S. Glynn. The ancestress of the Baroness Beethams and Lady Hoppers also came in 1851, from the neighbourhood of Yarm, while Actonia 4rh, was bought at the Scaleby Castle sale of 1868. Eiom these purchases the herd is descended and most of the families are of Mr. Sheraton's own "founding," he began by using Mr. B. Stratton's Herod 14670, and the sires that have succeeded him have been selected, either for personal merit, or owing to being descended from what in the owner's opinion, were capital milking families, included in the numerous array of sires which he has bought, have been Lord Fitz-Hugh of Wen sley dale 26645, from the Earl of Zetland, of the Sonsie tribe : May Duke 26885, bred by Mr. Tunni- cliffe, out of a May Duchess, said to be a k' fourteen to sixteen quart cow" at a meal when on a good pasture ; The Sultan 40811, bied at Alnwick, and Mr. Edmonds' Earl of Southrop 22nd 51191. Mr. Sheraton has continued during the long period he has been a breeder, to keep the milking properties in view, and we think perhaps to some extent to the extreme of overlooking the good qualities of the animal. After visiting Broom House, we are soon in company with Mr. J. D. Owen, who drives us to his residence at Plasyn Grove, surrounded by a nice estate of three hundred acres of mixed soil, evidently it will grow shorthorns by the class of cattle we find grazing on it. Pedigree cattle have only been bred by Mr. Owen for nine years, when several purchases were made at Major Conwy's sale in 1878, and two years later, Twilight, Barrington Belle 2nd and Lord Muncaster 2nd 43542, came fiom Winterfold, the male was used very successfully, as witness the exceedingly fine cows by him now at Plasyn Giove. A fuither addition of th*ee females was made in 1885, at Capt. Mytton's sale, but previously Mr. Sheraton had supplied him with the same number, as well as Duke of Hamilton 3rd 4-3103, the first pedigree male used by Mr. Owen. Oxford Bruom 48394 and several cows were obtained from Mr. Topham, and lastly, Lord Waterloo 4th 53228, came from the Osgodby .herd, he is massive without coarseness, his shoulders are well laid and not too 412 SHORTHORN HERDS OP ENGLAND. thin, ribs good, and quarters lengthy without losing weight in the thigh. If we may judge by the owner's last selection of a sire, we would say that he has previously used good animals, as the character of the male is sure to show itself in the progeny. The calves, j callings and two year olds are well grown — although not pampered — and have the appearance of good breeding, with strong constitutions. The forty cows in milk are of a sufficiently good stamp riot only to breed and rear the pedigree young bulls, but to allow a liberal supply of milk to be sent to Liverpool each day. Oswestry is the next halting place, after leaving Ellesmere by the Cambrian line, but the following morning, in order to reach Hanley Hall, we have to take the train to a small roadside station, where Mr. J. Humphreys awaits us, and driving from farm to farm, we are shown a number of excellent cattle. At the first visited are found five capital young bulls, including a nice yearling, purchased for home use. Mr. Humphreys has been enlisted in the shorthorn interest since 1870, when he bought Woodbine, Norma Maid, Elegance and White Witch at Mr. Provost's sale near Ellesmere, and six years later, Norinidia, of the old Strickland blood, cost 63gs. at Mr. O. Viveash's sale. There are several animals descended from Lord Hill's stock of a useful sort, but the best family are the Duchesses, tracing to Circassia by Sir Watkin 2nd 10834, the original purchase being bought from Messrs. Perry, of Acton Pigott. Devonshire Duchess is a rare sort, and Daisy Duchess 3rd has bred a pair of pretty twins. Numidias Fifth, Sixth and Seventh, are all good representatives of their tribe. It is Mr. Humphreys' practice to breed about twenty-five calves every year, and sell the bulls in Oswestry market, at the annual sale, where the highest average is generally attained by the Hanley Hall youngsters, there are eight in course of preparation for the next spring sale and we have not had the pleasure of seeing such a grand well shaped coloury lot for a long time, Sealskin 52122, their sire, a deep red of great depth and length and very impressive, was bred by Mr. Warriner, of Bloxain Grove. All his stock are either reds or roans, and the calves, yearlings and two year olds are of similar character to him- self, being of immense size. SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 413 On arriving in due course at Welshpool and passing quickly through the town, we are soon in sight of Garth Hall — the residence of Capt. Mytton — surrounded by its well sheltered Park of sixty acres, admirably adapted for a herd of pedigree cattle, especially when seen in connexion with the other grass and arable land, some five hundred acres which the owner has in hand. Captain Mytton has been a breeder for the past sixteen years, his earliest female purchases being made from Messrs. Evans and .Nevett, while his males have been Beacon 36225 and Constantine 2nd 33404, bred in the county ; Vespasian 32759, Admiral Hornby 42647, Lord Acomb 3rd 41816, of Messrs. Bayes, Att water, and Allen's breeding. In 1881, Mr. W. Arkell's first prize bull— Fitzwilliam 3rd 47887— in the youngest class at Bingley Hall was purchased for 105gs, and afterwards Mr. G. Hobbs' highly commended Wellesley 23rd 48925, was bought in the Hall. Somnambulist 52192, a neat deep red descendant of Mr. Stratton's Moss Rose, and the lengthy stylish Baron Bagpath 9th 50788, from Kingscote, are the sires in service. In consequence of the disposal of fifty shorthorns in 1885, the present stock of one hundred and fifty head, contains only about thirty eligible for Coates', but the owner is carefully recording the crosses of his dairy stock, until they will soon become "shorthorns" according to the present standard of the Shorthorn Society. Agnes, the matron of the herd, in her fourteenth year, is a rare sort and a capital breeder, her last born, Hannibal, is a very compact yearling and full of quality, while his half-sister, Imogene, in preparation for the Christmas Shows, is not behind in appearance, arid will receive her share of attention when she reaches Bingley Hall ; Laura, another sister, also attractive ; and Lavinia, an older one, is of an excellent stamp and a good breeder. Alice, Gwendoline and Joyce, all useful animals belong to one family, but are of various branches. Lady Dennison 3rd and Florence, from Mr. D. Arkell's, are not to be despised, neither is Miss Shrewsbury, a Yorton Villa purchase ; space will not permit our naming all the animals, but there are descendants of Mr. Robertson's Verbena ; Mr. Burgess' Eglantine, and Pr. Rowley's Old Strawberry, the last named a winner at the Shrewsbury Royal in 1844. 414 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. Returning to Shrewsbury, we depart early the next morning to visit the Rev. IT. Beck with, of Eaton Constantine, who is an admirer of a well descended shorthorn, with a pedigree containing a dash of Booth. Mr. Beckwith has been a breeder since isiis, when he purchased Bonne Bouche, by Mr. Richaid Booth's Sir Roger !(){)!)!, a grand-daughter of Mr. B. Wilson's Bra with Lass. Jn 1871, Chemois, representing Mr. R. Ceiling's Blight Eves tribe, came fiom Mr. C. Stubbs' sale. Lastly, Peeress, of the Lavender family, \v,is bought from Mr. T. Harris, of Stoney Lane. The sires used h.ive frequently had a preponderance of the blood of either Warlaby or Killerby in their veins, the most recent having been Prince Fragrant 43795, Herod 49718, and Hecatomb 4H4S9— own brothers— and Paymaster 53395, from Artfeit, Acton Burnell, and Mertoun. The entire herd are descended from the three oiiginal purchases, and number forty head, the, animals are only of medium size, owing to some extent to the limited accommodation and the number of stock bred upon it. The eight young bulls in preparation for Bingley Hall are principally sons of the neat and short legged Paymaster 53295. After returning from Mr. Beckwith's, we proceed to Newport, and thence to Sheriff Hales Manor, the residence of Mr. G. T. Phillips, where we find a compact little herd, all descended fiom Honeysuckle, bought from Mr. Bradburn in 1870, and tracing to Mr. Colling's Wellington 680 and Favourite 25'2. It has been Mr. Phillips' practice to send most of his cows for service to the late Mr. S. L. Horton's bulls — the breeder of Ruckley 50398— and annually dispose of his male produce, like most of the Shropshire breeders, at Birmingham each year, and the female portion of the herd is in this manner also reduced from time to time, and at present consists of about a dozen, but they are cattle of large scale, and a taking character, each animal showing afamily likeness. Charming Princess — a daughter of Honeysuckle — in her sixteenth year, would make a worthy matron of an) I.ibe, yet Snowdrop, her niec?, at eleven years of age, is quite on a ! equality with her on every point, she has been the winner at m ..sy an agricultural .show, and her SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 415 daughter, Snowdrop 2nd, the handsomest co\v in th-j herd, is possessed of a charming head and deep front, with good ribs and wide loin. Miss Idsal 2nd, also a good sort, has a pretty calf by her side, as well as having had the honour of breeding Lord Saturn, the sire in service, while Miss Butterfly 2nd, a thick short legged roan yearling, from Miss Butterfly, is thought by her owner to be one of his best animals. At Ercall Park, seven miles from "Wellington, Mr. Geo. Lewis breeds pure bred stock of every description, and he has naturally followed the example of his brother agriculturists in endeavouring to maintain the fame of the native breed of sheep, while "Shires" and "Large Whites" are popular in their respective departments, and the cattle consist of the half dozen heifers bought at Uflington, in A pill, 1884, and the "quartette" obtained exactly a year later, at the dispersion of the Kadford Hall herd, together with their produce. The former comprised Cherry Charmer, Wetherby Charmer, and Lady Kirklevington Sweetheart, of Knightley origin ; Waterloo Duchess, a red daughter of Duke of Wetherby 5th 31033 and Waterloo Belle, of the fashionable Waterloo tribe; and Grand Duchess Carolina 5th, and Nora Craggs, the latter having had two heifers at her new home. The E-adford contingent are the same serviceable class of cattle bred for so many years by the late Mr. E. Lythall. Cherry Prince vth 54091, a capital heavy fleshed son of the Birmingham champion Prince Saturn 46926, was bred like the better known Kuckley 50398 by the late Mr. S. L. Horton, and proved himself a serviceable sire for Mr. Lewis, as well as a prize winner. The foremost herd in the county of Stafford is that of Mr. Geo . Fox, bred on his estate at Elmhurst Hall, within three miles from the City of Lichfield. Mr. Fox originally began breeding at Haresfield, in Cheshire, and the purchases made by him at the cele- brated sales held at Holker, Dunmore, Underley, and Gaddesby, with the extensive importations from the United States of America, which included that magnificent bull, Duke of Ahdiie 24th 36460 — long 416 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. used with success at Elmhurst — are well known in the annals of shorthorn history. Four public sales have been held, and an average of .£147 14s. 9d. was made in 1877 for forty-four head, the later selections were of more fashionable blood, and thus the failure of the more recent sales to exceed the first, was no fault of the owner, but occurred through the prevailing depression which has caused so serious a relapse in the shorthorn market, as also in the commercial world, because Mr. Fox had as before stated made purchases f i oin many of the best herds not only in this country, but in America, and the sires used, had been of the bluest blood, Duke of Wetherby 5th 31033, being purchased from Holker, after a considerable period of service in that well known herd, whence also came hi.s son, Duke of Oxford 39th 38173, bought to succeed the imported Duke of Airdrie 24th. The Elmhurst herd is now found in the spacious buildings bordering on the Park, it is not so extensive as in the days of old, but of the choicest materials, all the leading Bates tribes excepting the Duchesses being represented, and with the judicious use of sires, an average greater than the one of ten years ago, ought to be realized, when the overcrowding of the buildings renders a general invitation to the public to gather together once more to partake of the owner's hospitality necessary, as for those gentlemen who breed not only the straightest of Bates pedigrees, but animals well made, and of good constitutions, there will be always a market, and with the re-opening of the Australian ports there is a gleam of sunshine once more for breeders. Lord Birrington Bates 45063, in his seventh year still reigns at the head of the herd, he was bred on the premises, being by Grand Duke 31st 38374, from Lady Edith Bates, purchased atUnderley in 1880 for 300gs. and is a light roan of great length and substance, with grand masculine character, while most of his produce possess the robustness and length of their sire. Waterloo de Breos 2rd 53820, recently purchased from Sir H. H. Vivian's herd, has the credit of the "Waterloos to maintain, "as no females of this tribe an» now at Elmhurst, and we hear that the calves arriving by him a: ' \*3ry promising. Since our visit SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 417 Oxford de Vere 9th 54768, a promising young bull of the Oxford tribe, has been purchased for the heifers. The matrons are grazing contentedly in front of the " Hall," and the aged Duchess of Barrington, a fine handsome cow, out of Sir W. H. Salt's " eight hundred guinea Millbeckstock heifer " is greatly admired, likewise is Elmhurst Barrington, an excellent type of the popular Brailes branch of the tribe, and the latter's little daughter displays consid- erable style, like her older sister, which having had a. calf somewhat young, requires a couple more years to develope. Lady Elmhurst Bates and Lady Barrington Bates 2nd, a pair of roan two year olds, represent the highly bred Lady Bates', well known at Havering Park and Beaumont Grange, while Lally of Littlehurst — own sister to Lord Eitzhardinge's beautiful cow — has bred three heifers since her removal from Kimbolton. Baroness Oxford of Elmhurst, a wealthy well grown heifer, combines the much prized Barrington and Oxford strains, her sire having been Lord Barrington Bates 45068, and dam, Baroness Oxford 4th, bred at Holker. The Wild Eyes' have in the deep bodied symmetrical Winsome Wild Eyes 5th, an excellent breeder, her five sons having been sold for very satisfactory prices: Lady Elmhurst Wild Eyes, is also of the Winsome branch, being from the handsomest of the Lady Ashton Wild Eyes', bought by Mr. Eox, at the dispersion of Mrs. Starkie's choice little herd ; and Lady Barrington Worcester, is a grand- daughter of one of the best of the tribe sold at Winterfold in 1872. Deepdale 4th, a very level daughter of Duke of Airdrie 24th 36460 and Cherry Duchess of Elmhurst 5th. have the reputation of the high priced Darlingtons and Cherry Duchesses to maintain, but of the three Kirklevingtons in the Park, none is better than the grandly ribbed Rowfant Kirklevington, who has bred a capital daughter, Elmhurst Kirklevington, excepting the hue of the red, which is a trifle too light a shade. Last, but not the least, are the Red Roses, the most numerous tribe at Elmhurst. Red Rose of Benledi, an excellent dairy like cow, bred at Dunmore, has the Sixth Duke of Geneva 30959, for sire, whereas the honours of the family — and it may almost be said of the herd — are carried by the handsome Red 418 SHOIITHORN HRItOS OF ENGLAND. "Rose of Trent 2nd, from Mr. Abe Renick's Julia's 2nd Rose, of the Poppy branch, considered the bast at Clintonville, and the dam of this fine cow bred for Mr. Fox, Red Rose of Tees 3rd, the thiid prize two year old at the Shrewsbury Royal. The neighbourhood of Brockton is nof devoid of shorthorns, although it is several years since Messrs. Allen, B^ll and Timnicliffe — the fortunate owners of Eighth Duke of York 28480, which from costing five hundred as a calf in 1869, was two years later the first animal to exceed the price of Comet 155, sold more than half-a- century previous — ceased to breed Bates cattle, yet Mr. S. T. Addison, at Ellenhall, has been quietly breeding pure bred stock for the past thirteen years and crossing them with Bates sires, his first purchase being four females at the dispersion of the late Mr. H. Killick's herd, which were entirely descended from a pair of: twin heifers — Cherry and Cerito — bought by that gentleman from Mr. Watson, of Walkeringham, in 1845 and with a foundation of real good material. The five descendants of the Walton Hall purchases are not considered equal to the numerous family — thiiteen — which trace to Mr. Jonas Webb's Celia, through Mr. Tunnicliffe's Miss Emily 6th, pronounced one of the finest animals at the dispersion of his herd, and by the before mentioned Eighth Duke of York 284SO. Miss Emily 7th, a nice sort of a cow, is the matron, but it is her daughter, Miss Emily 9th, a grand red arid white, with a capital udder that is pronounced the best of the tiibe, she in turn is the mother of a useful heifer. Barrington Duchess 2nd, however carries off the prize for beauty amongst the dairy cows, as she steps gaily over the turf in quife a regal style, as if conscious of the superiority of her blood over that of her companions, and two daughters have been bred by her since leaving Badminton. Greorgie Rosedale and Georgie Hindlip, mother and daughter, are about as highly bred specimens of Mr. Bell's G-eorgianas as can be found in this country, and it will be difficult to find a Siddington Musical better topped with Duchess and Oxford blood than Music Mistress, whose son has been used to the heifers, his predecessor, Airdrie Duke 52391, a very purely bred Craggs, was bred at Uffington, and in earlier days, Mr. SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 419 Addison used sires of the fashionable Darlington, Waterloo and Wild Eyes tribes. The most recent additions are Duchess of Elford 2nd — a Duchess Nancy — and Parrot Grwynne 5th — of the "Polly " branch — bought at the dispersion of the late Col. Webb's herd. Driving through the quiet little market town of Eccleshall, two miles on the further side we reach Sugnall Hall, the residence of Mr. W. Williams, and on proceeding with the owner to his Home Farm, the by no means inappropriately named Model 51759, a level son of Mr. Lloyd's Lord Bletchingley 45065 — who was used by Mr. Williams before being passed over to his neighbour, Mr. Addison — and Specimen 2nd, bought of Mr. Angerstein, combining both the Charmer and Sweetheart blood, and whose descendants are now with the Furbelows, the most numerous tribes in Mr. Williams' possession, the latter tracing to the half-sisters, Honeydew 2nd and Weston's Honeydew, bought at the Elmhurst sale of 1877, the former being by Baron Holker 30459, a son of Baron Oxford 4th 25580, from Bland, of the Blanche tribe, and the latter by Grand Duke of \V eston 3rd 34079, who was from that fine cow, Grand Duchess 19th. Previous to the purchase of the Honey dews, Mr. Williams had bought Dianthus and her bull calf, by Duke of Oxford 26th 23708, of the Dido family, from Mr. J. Robinson at Berkhampstead, the youngster was named B.iron Sugnall 4106S, and afterwards largely used. Although other purchases were made, yet the present herd comprises only the three tribes now named, but another branch of the Furbelows was added through Princess Royal, with a dash of Booth in her pedigree, bought at Pitlochrie. In our inspection of the females, we are unaccompanied by the herdsman, and the bailiff, who has been but a few days on the premises, is unable to indentify the animals, thus we are compelled to abstain from noting further than that there are several fine shorthorn like cows, which are understood to be Furbelows tracing to the Elmhurst purchases. Two Midland herds have been unintentionally omitted, thus before proceeding northwards we will devote a portion of this chapter to their notice. At Wroxall, rot more than six miles from the county town of Warwickshire, a very useful newly formed herd 420 SHORTHORN HE11DS OF ENGLAND. is to be seen. Their owner, Mr. George Thompson, began to pur- chase a few good animals three years ago, not caring further than that they were eligible and carried their pedigree both " above and below," but whether caring or not, he has secured both a sound good pedigree and an excellent animal in Lady Emily 5th, bred at Tardley, of the Walnut tribe, and her deep red son, by Mr. Y. R. Graham's Craven, is a source of great admiration, with his true form and rich colour. Symbol, of the same family, has immense substance, but lacks the gaiety of carriage of Lady Emily 5th, she was bought at the dispersion of The Wolds herd, and her heifer calf, by Royal Wine 52070, is considerably neater than the mother. Lydia and Marchioness of Lumley 3rd, also came from Mr. Garner's sale and have pedigrees full of the noted blood of Messrs. Maynard and Wetherell in earlier days, and latterly topped with Bates. Mr. Thompson has been especially successful in the dairy classes and a grand old roan non-pedigree cow, with Clarissa and Octavia, own sisters in blood, bred by Mr. James Kendall, make a splendid trio, the former is a magnificent animal, while the latter, a true made short- horn, is still almost a model of a dairy cow, although fast advancing in years. The level Oxfoid Minstrel 4th, and Moorland Daisy, a fine old matron in the thirteenth year, of the old established Gwynne and Old Daisy families are in company with the previously mentioned trio, the latter has already bred two heifers and appears equal to further increase the herd. Sir Neville, a very level lengthy son of Grand Ruth 46459 and Network, has been in service since his purchase at Bingley Hall, where he was highly commended in a class of one hundred and seventy. In entering a meadow in which we find half-a dozen wealthy good coloured heifers, a Kingscote Honey at once attracts attention, while The Queen is from Clarissa, but Wroxall Beauty and her younger sister, Lady Elizabeth, from Octavia, are excellent of their respective ages, and quite the choice of the young stock. Mr. Thompson believes not only in having a herd of good cattle, but his Shropshires descended from the flocks of Lord Chesham, Sir R. Loder, Bart., Messrs. G. Graham and Beach, are a useful shapely lot of sheep, while the "Large Whites " which occupy the piggeries, have won many prizes. SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 421 On the borders of Leicestershire and one mile from Hinckley station, there is a "pleasantly situated residence, with tastefully laid out grounds surrounding it, known by the name of The Out woods, occupied by Mr. S. C. Pilgrim, who is not only fond of agricultural pursuits, but takes great interest in his live stock. The occupation comprises five hundred acres, but two fifths of it is shortly to be given up, which naturally will demand a reduction in both the herd and flock, in the latter Mr. Pilgrim has made his mark as a Shrop- shire ram breeder with his annual sales, and in the former his name has long been associated as a successful bull breeder in connection with Bingley Hall, where the prize for the best " five " bred by one exhibitor has fallen to his share, they were not animals out of costly purchases, but from dams of the owner's own breeding, as well as the preceding generations, which had been in the possession of the owner since he selected twenty-five dairy cows in 1848, when taking possession of The Burbage Manor Farm, adjoining The Out woods, acquired at a later period. Pedigree sires were used and the worst of the offspring parted with, thus breeding under such conditions, naturally leaves the h3rd free from "weeds." The first male in service was Mr. Brooke's Geddington 8102, he was followed by Mr. Crossland's Plato 11907, afterwards Mr. Lythall's Leamington 22084 and Mr. Ivens' Marengo 13294, were obtained. Col. Kingscote then supplied Knight of Wetherby 24283 and Lord of the Lilacs 5th 26712. In later days, Stancliffe sent Third Duke of Lorn 30987 ; Brailes, Duke of Charmingland llth 41369 and Duke Cherry Gwynne 46180 ; and Wicken Park, John O'Gaunt 34265, which have all been impressive sires. Roan Carew 54921, a son of Mr. Ackers' Sir John Carew 2nd 47107, from a Grand Duke of Waterloo cow, is the sire of nine creditable young bulls of excellent colours, and reigns at the head of the herd, which usually comprises nearly one hundred head, about half of which at the present time are large framed dairy cows, well adapted for supplying the materials for the making of cheese, which is Mr. Pilgrim's mode of converting the dairy produce into a marketable commodity in addition to the providing for the heifer calves and the half-score of bulls which are annually reared. It is 422 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. remarkable that in so large a herd there is but one white, and it may be added that the owner recently has had a visitor who selected the best of the yearlings for exportation, and after the visit of Messrs. Lythall, Mansell and Walters, in March next, the herd will be reduced to under fifty head. Cheshire has long been famous for its dairy produce and the fine herds of cattle which give the milk from which the celebrated cheese is made, and Mr. George Cooke, of Clayley Hall, whose farm is within seven miles from the city of Chester, but not more than half-a-mile from Tattenhall Station, where we alight, holds a prominent position, not only as a breeder of " Dairy shorthorns," but as a successful exhibitor, and <£ 1,000 has been won by animals from the Clayley Hall herd, principally however in the dairy classes, including honours at the " Koyal," London Dairy Show, and County shows, as well as the local exhibitions. On the day of our visit, Mr. Cooke had departed before the arrival of our telegram, to read a paper on the " Cow and her produce," before the members of the Wirrall Farmer's Club, which on perusing in due course, we found it had been ably explained that " Dairy Shorthorns " were the most profitable kind of stock to be kept upon Cheshire farms. The herd has been bred at Clayley Hall since 1872, when on succeeding to the stock from his father — who had previously used pedigree bulls for many years upon the ordinary cattle of the district — he found 2nd Duke of Sutherland 31120, bred by Mr. Thomas Bell, in service. The majority of the cattle are descended from animals selected by the late Mr. Cooke, and crossed with shorthorn sires as previously stated, and there are few who can exhibit seventy such profitable looking animals as Mr. Cooke, they are not only adapted for supplying Liverpool with milk, but are not behind as beef producers when required for that purpose. Mary, the champion shorthorn at the recent Manchester show, is probably one of the finest cows at Clayley Hall, where are found representatives of Col. Townley's Barmpton Eoses, Mr. B. Wilson's Certainties and Col. Cradock's Dainties, with Confidence 52654 — exhibited by Messrs. Breach and Coupland during 1886 and placed third at Norwich — standing at SHORTHOIIX HERDS OF ENGLAND. 423 the head of the herd, his massive frame, well sprung ribs and broad back, cannot but draw admiration from any admirer of a good shorthorn. The late Mr. Raymond S. Bruere attached special value to the Vesper tribe, and although he has departed this life, the favour with which they were regarded by their former owner, is still extended to them by Mr. Alfred Ashworth, whose trio of females in the choice bit of "turf" behind his pretty residence, Tabley Grange, are a source of much pleasure to their breeder, who it may be added] was an intimate friend of the late Mr. Bruere, from whom he obtained Serene Star, by Booth's Royal Signet 28061, as a calf in 1874. Mr. Ashworth has been connected with -shorthorns since 1868, but foot and mouth, followed by a long run of male produce, has prevented the herd from multiplying, and in addition to the Vesper trio — since changed into a " quartette " — there are but a couple of Georgies and Dandy Girl, a fine dairy shorthorn, owning Mr. Aylmer's Royal Victor 35414 for sire. The Georgies comprise Veracity, a daughter of Baron Aylesby 39397 — who was out of Mr. Torr's Bright Lady — and Verity, from Vacillation, bred at Killerby, in addition to her promising yearling heifer. More than usual interest attaches to a celebrated tribe when it comes entirely under the control of one individual, and especially must this be felt when with the exception of Mr. Darby's Twinkling Star, the whole of the females which trace through Mr Bruere's hands — in whose possession they were for nearly fifty years — now belong to Mr. Ashworth, as no return of the produce of Statira, and Stella, sold at Milbeckstock on their importation from Canada, has since been made to Coates', it is doubtful if any exist. Mr. Bruere in his school days used to visit Mr. Richard Booth, at Studley, and there, as mentioned in " Saddle and Sirloin," his youthful heart was stolen by the "buxom matrons," indeed so badly was he affected that when visiting relations at Ripon, before joining his regiment in India, for which his outfit had been provided, he attended a sale in tli at neighbourhood and purchased Vesper — then a doubtful breeder — for .£30, and afterwards settled at Middleham, causing great 424 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. offence to his family. Considering that Morning Star (the sire of Vesper) was Bracelet's son, and Priam (her grand-sire on the maternal side) her sire, and the after crosses of King Arthur and Prince George were full of the blood of Buckingham, it will be difficult to find any one tribe more impregnated with this celebrated blood. Mr. Bruere realized large prices for males and females, Mr. Cochrane buying Star Queen and Vesper Star, at 500gs each, the latter on her re-importation exactly doubling her cost price, and Vernal Star, who had gone out in the bloom of her youth at 400gs, returned in the comeliness of matronhood to increase it by h sixty," and the heifer which accompanied her, brought TOOgs. from Mr. A. E. W. Darby. What more can be written to impress the public with the value of the Vesper tribe? In the days of old, Mr. Bruere had a capital demand for the males, at good prices, and Star of the Realm, bred by Mr. Cochrane from Star Queen, was one of the most noted Booth animals in America. Lunar Star and Simeon Star, by Mr. J. B. Booth's Moonstone 37107 and Mr. Ay liner's Sir Simeon 42412, are half-sisters, from Seclusion Star, who had two Vesper crosses upon Mr. Carr's Sir Windsor Broughton 27507, the older is a light roan of symmetrical form, being especially well sprung in her rib and level in her loins, but the younger was unfortunately served by Seclusion Star's son, True Blue 53767, when ten months old, and the produce Azure Star, is very promising under the unpropitious circumstances in which she came into the world, and the cow while lacking in the sweet feminine head of Lunar Star, is preferred by the owner for her good looks, may the two heifers she has bred in succession — one born since our visit, by Czar 49348, whose son from the older sister is a wonderfully level youngster, with grand hair and quality — augur a bright future for this valuable old tribe. Lord Egerton's Home Farm on the Tatton Park estate, is within driving distance — five miles — of Tabley Grange, and although the noble owner is not an extensive breeder of pedigree cattle, yet included in his grand lot of deep milking dairy cows, is as fine a specimen of a shorthorn as need be wished for when Lady Ashton G-wynne, considered the best of Pilton cattle sold in May last — SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 425 which were an exceptionally fine lot — passes before us. Again, Cherry Duchess, a fine red Foggathorpe of a large scale, purchased at the Tardley sale, stands out prominent in a mixture of " dried " in calf cows and heifers, both pedigree and non-pedigree. Charlock and Cherry Princess, are the daughters of Cherry Duchess, while Lady Uist 3rd, also from Tardley, of the Knightley Euby tribe, has likewise bred a heifer, but to a different sire. The majority of the other registered stock descend from cows and heifers bought at the dispersion of Mr. Gr. Gr. Blantern's well known dairy herd. A pair of promising roan bull calves of the Old Daisy and Wild Eyes families were purchased at Mr. Bassett's sale, and Whitethorn, a level son of King Stephen 46559 and Strawberry Bloom, of Angus foundation, came from the dispersion of the Storrs herd, where her half-sister, Grafted Eose, from Seedling Eose, a daughter of the magnificent White Eose, bred at Warlaby, was also obtained. 426 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. CHAPTER XVIII. Tlie Lancashire Herds. — Lathom House. — Springwood. — Croxto n Hull. — Lime/ield House. — Livesey. — Moreton Hall. — Penwortham Priory. — Clifton Hill. — Scale Hall. — South Westmoreland Herds. — Arkholme. — W rayton Hall. — Underley Hall. — Rigmaden Park.— Coat Green. — Thorn Leiijh. — GreenJiead. — Deepthwaite Honw. — Hohnscales. — Sedywick. — Water Crook. — The Lound. — Lane Foot. — Skehincrnh Hall. — Cleabarroic. — Lancashire Herds (continued). — Colthouse. — Hawkshead Hall. — Coniston Bank. — Low Hall. — Grange. — Wharton Grange. — Holker Hall. Lancashire, although largely covered with manufacturing towns, has many a quiet corner in which shorthorns are bred with as great zeal as in the more favoured counties, and several oF the most successful sales in connection with the breed have taken place within its area. Crossing that important centre of commercial life — Liverpool — and proceeding to Ormskirk by a section of the "Lancashire and "Yorkshire," we are within three miles of Lathom House, where resides the Right Hon. the Earl of Lathom, the possessor of one of the purest Bates herds in the kingdom. The herd was founded in 1864, by purchases made at the TWnley sale, afterwards the leading sales of the day supplied other animals, but it was not until 1873 that the noble owner — then known as Lord Skelmersdale — made his famous purchase — First Duchess of Oneida— at New York Mills in 1873, for 3000 gs., and which has since proved the most prolific of the tribe sold that day, and indeed we may add that there is not a single descendant from any of the females sold on that occasion, excepting First Duchess of Oneida, from whom the owner has sold three females, Duchess of Ormskirk, reaching 2000gs., at the sale of 1879, when over o£300 was the average of not quite a score of females, while two heifers were the highest priced animals at the latter sale, and in addition four are now at Lathom, Duchess of Ormskirk 2nd, a handsome red and SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 427 white daughter of Duke of Wetherby 5th 31033, and th« "original purchase" has bred the level red and white Fourth, who in turn has had the Ninth, a particularly lengthy qnaitered heifer, like the mother, but the Tenth, from the Third, lacks the flesh forming properties of the other branch. The Wild Eyes have for many years been a strong family in the herd, and those readers who remember Bright Eyes 5th, Lady Wild Eyes, Winsome 7th, Winsome 17th, and Wild Erin, will have some idea of the character of the tribe at Lathom. Lady Wild Eyes 6th, with her lengthy white calf, and a red and white Grand Duke of Worcester 2nd square-framed cow, from the hand- some heifer that cost the noble owner 820gs. at Conishead Priory, are what remain at Lathom of one of the purest branches of the tribe. Winsome Beauty 2nd, a fine roan daughter of Baron Oxford 4th 25580, and Winsome 7th, possesses grand shorthorn character, while Winsome Beauty 9th, the same noble sire's progeny, is a beautiful young cow with extraordinary fore quarters ; with the exception of Lady Wild Eyes, and Wild Erin, all the female produce of the animals before alluded to are named Winsome Beauties, and especially good are the Twelfth and Six- teenth, out of the Second, the latter being an extremely fascinating little lady, and of her older sister, she may be pronounced one of the best in the place. Of the half-sisters, Wild Empress 2nd and Wild Empress 4th, the younger is a robust, growing roan, of good quality. The Waterloos have done well at Lathom in former days, and although sold out ten years ago, they have been re-introduced by the purchase of Waterloo 38th, and Waterloo 46th ; the latter is a lengthy fine cow with an excellent loin and back, while Edith Waterloo, from Waterloo 38th, square and shapely like the younger Penryhn bred Waterloo, has not the same well formed head and horn. Lally Barrington 3rd is one of the only two specimens of the family in this country without the Malachite cross, and March- ioness 13th, has recently bred after three years idleness. Another fashionable family are limited to one representative, as Thorndale Eose 26th, a deep-bosomed, light-coloured roan, bought at Audley End, has 4-28 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. not yet made an addition to the herd. The handsome Carrie Craggs, bred at Whittlebury, is the best of the tribe, of which there are a couple more descended through Havering Park and Penrybn Castle. The best of the Princesses have generally been inclined to breed a greater proportion of the male sex than the one more coveted, hence their comparative scarcity at the present day, yet Princess of Lightburne 2nd, bought for a high price twelve years ago, has proved an exception, as Princess of Blythe Gth, is the most recent addition to the tribal name adapted by the noble owner, and the magnificent old cow with her daughter, Princess of Blythe 2nd, are a grand pair, and far advanced in calf. Minstrel Maid, a compact substantial red and white, brought one of the first cow calves to Knight of Oxford 8th 48118, a robust massive son of Grand Duke 40th 43309, and that handsome heifer, Oxford Mary, bought by the late Lord Hindlip for 1110 gs., at the Kiinbolton sale. At Springwood, situate in yet nearer proximity to the busy town of Liverpool than Lathom, we find Sir Thomas Brocklebank, Bart., possessed of a number of excellent cows and heifers, and May King 48314, a massive roan five year old of immense scale, bred by Mr. Geo. Ashburner, is the reigning monarch. An Aylesby W., from the Edgehill sale, is one of the handsomest of the matrons, and on the same occasion the Flower tribe was obtained, thus both the Bates and Booth lines of blood are represented in the Springwood herd, as the red and white Lady Hilda 17th, a robust good sort, belongs to the Bell Bates family of Lady Hudsons, and Butterfly Princess 29th, a very pretty white heifer, to the family of that name so long associated with Scaleby Castle, and highly topped with Bates sires in addition to being very finely bred in their earlier days. The owner has since increased his stock by the purchase of four of the best of the cows — three J.'s and one Eosy — at the dispersion of the Penrhyn Castle herd, thus it is evident that the present excellence of the animals found at Springwood, will be maintained. SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 429 Prom Springwood proceeding northwards, our first halting place is Croston, where within a mile of the station Mr. Sigismund de Trafford has erected some very convenient boxes — and still more are in contemplation — for his shorthorn cattle, which are as yet few in number, but it is the intention to increase them from time to time. Prince Roderick 50258, a son of Prince Saladin 40542 and Lady Wellesley 3rd, occupies the excellent box recently erected for the reigning " King," he has a level top, with plenty of width of loin, and carries himself with all the graceful mien of a Bates sire. Eor a successor, Mr. De Trafford has bought Earl of Beverley 4th 54236, a heavy fleshed roan exhibited by Sir John Swinburne, at Newcastle, he has excellent fore quarters, but falls off a little when viewed from the opposite end. Certainly Mr. De Trafford's boxes have a very comfortable appearance, and My Darling, bred at Brayton, a compact little cow, does not disgrace the first to which we are introduced, her daughter — My Grern — by Wild Prince 9th 44262, has more length than the dam. Gripsy Girl, a fine good looking matron bred at that historical birthplace of shorthorns — Townley — has had a couple of heifers, the older, Gripsy Maid, a rare wealthy sort, does credit to Mr. Sheldon's Duke of Cerisia 6th 44657, and another very attractive heifer is Orange Blossom, from Orange Bud, bred in the north of the county, by Mr. W. Ashburner, from a local sort. Limefield, situate near the abode of the famous Townley herd, has not the most favourable atmosphere for rearing highly bred cattle of any kind, yet Mr. Thomas Horsfall, who has long had an affection for the leading Bates tribes, has secured representatives of most of them, and if Oxfords, Kirklevingtons, Waterloos, and Wild Eyes', can withstand the exposed situation on the brow of the hill, a continued rise for the quarter of a mile after leaving Briar- field station, there need be little hesitation in buyers patronizing the Limefield herd, when the accommodation becomes insufficient, and a sale becomes a necessity. Mr. Horsfall has secured the services of Mr. James Knowles, well known in the palmy days of Wetherby, so with such superintendence, the cattle, almost needless to say are 430 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. found in excellent order. Belle of Oxford 8th, bought at the Wickon Park sale of 1880, for 340gs., was the first important purchase, and a fortunate one she has been as regards heifer breed- ing, within a month of coming to Limefield, she bred Belle of Oxford 11th, to Duke of Oxford 42nd 39772, then she was twice sent to Mr. Holden's Oxford Duke of Tregunter 42092, but unfortunately the first of the two cow calves she had to him was lost. The family group are paraded, and of the trio of cows, our preference rests on the matron, a very compact and well ribbed animal, but Grand Duchess of Oxfoid 48th, a massive daughter of Duke of Glo'ster 7th 39735, has since been privately purchased from Mr. Wraith. The beautiful fronted Blanche Winsome with five of England's noblest sires at the head of her popular pedigree, has bred but a couple of bulls as hitherto, and another grand lengthy cow is Empress of Yetholme, the oldest of Duchess of Tetholme's four daughters, which ran second to the Sandtingham Diadem family. Windermere 3rd, a thick fleshy Waterloo, has been supplemented by the purchase of Waterloo 45th, of the same branch, at the dis- persion of thefamous Penrhyn Castle herd, but it is the Kirklevingtons, in which Mr. Horsfall especially excels, old Siddington 16th, one of the famous >; twins," has bred Siddington Grand Duchess, to Grand Duke 47th 51354, while the little red calf from Woodside, has grown into a fairly good heifer, but Kirklevington Duchess 28th a level good sort, has bred an exquisitely pretty calf, named Kirk- levington Duchess 29th. A thick sappy Charmer, and a good looking Polly Gwynne, are the remainder of a choice Bates herd, which with time and good management will be more widely known than at present. Grand Duke 47th 51354, a lengthy white, the sire in service, is half-brother to the well known Grand Duke 34th and Grand Duke 37th. and the Killhow sale beheld Mr. Horsfall a purchaser of Duke of Ormskirk 5th 52768, a son of Knight of Oxford 8th 48818 and Duchess of Ormskirk 2nd, whose calves, the owner writes, " are of an exceedingly good stamp." The neighbourhood of Blackburn, like most other of the popular Lancashire manufacturing towns is not propitious for the breeding of high class shorthorns, yet the late Rev. Philip Graham, well SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 431 known in the Bates "circle," bred some of the purest, Bates cattle at Over Dai-wen in a most exposed situation for many years, and on the opposite side of the town, Mr. Bobert Spencer at Livesey, made his sta: t in shorthorn breeding by purchasing Mary, and her daughter, Lady Mary, by Third Duke of Tregunter 31026, from the Turncroft herd, for a time the cows were sent to Mr. Graham's bulls, after- wards Hillhurst Charming Duke 41687, was purchased from his neighbour Mr. L. H. Wraith, and Wild Prince 25th 47287, from the Earl of Lathom, but Oxford Duke of Newfield 2nd 53369, a son of Prince Saladin 40542 and Grand Duchess of Oxford 48th, is now the reigning monarch, he is a well fleshed red and white of medium size, and the sire of the yearling heifers, the best being from Lady Mary 2nd, a very fine cow, sired by Baron Turncroft Oxford 2nd 33087, and from the younger of the original purchases, the older of which it may be mentioned had Col. Gunter's Duke of Clarence 19611, for sire, thus the "Lady Maries," as the family may be called, most of them being so named with numerals attached, are now becoming well topped with Bates blood. Mr. Spencer rears his stock in a natural healthy state, thus they are better enabled to with- stand the wintry blasts and smoke combined, of which the Livesey cattle have considerably more than the average of shorthorn herds. The only other family are the Charmers, represented by Newfield Duchess 2nd. a very highly bred specimen of her family, having Duke of Tregunter 7th, Baron Turncroft Oxford 2nd, Duke of Oxford 17th, Grand Duke 15th, Knightley Grand Duke and Duke of Thorndale 4th, upon Mr. Adkins' Charming. Whalley Abbey and the attractive neighbourhood surrounding it, situate at only some half-do/en miles from the town, forms one of the most agreeable drives within convenient distance, and is thus largely utilized by the inhabitants, for the purposes of picnics and other pleasurable excursions. Our first introduction to the Valley of the Bibble, in which the Abbey and village are situate, was made with the object of visiting Mr. H. W. Worsley-Taylor's shorthorns. Pedigree cattle have had a home on the Moreton Hall estate for the last two or three generations of the owners, yet none have been 432 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. inclined to turn their attention towards such highly bred females as Mr. Airey has been purchasing for Mr. Worsley -Taylor, during the past three years, but considering that a brother of Mr. James Knowles of Limefield, has for many years had charge of the Home Farm, it is not to be wondered that a " bit of Bates " should at last find its way into the pastures bordering on the river Calder. Of the three families which may be described as the "remnant" of the herd owned by Miss Filling-Taylor, the one tracing through the Beaumont Grange herd, to a good ancient foundation, comprising the cross of Blyth Comet 85, who had the illustrious " Comet " for both sire and grand-sire may be pronounced to contain the choicest blood, and certainly when the massive red and white Harriet is viewed, it may be also said to own one of the best animals, but Lady Lucy, descended from Clove, by Tom of Lincoln 8714, purchased at Broughton Hall, in 1842, when the foundation of the Moreton Hall herd was laid, may be said to surpass Harriet with her massive beauty, she has for fifth sire, Orion 18487, bred on the estate, and winner at the Leeds Royal in 1861, as a yearling. Rose of Waterloo 2nd and Cambridge Fantail 2nd, a pair of fashionably bred young cows, have recently produced female produce to Lord Oswald 53195, a dark roan massive bull purchased privately from "Wetherby, for service in the herd, he is a son of Duke of Tregunter 9th 46272 and Ondine, what few calves have been dropped appear very promising. The Old Daisies have been acquired on no less than four different occasions, Daisy, coming from Bingley Hall, bred Moreton Daisy 2nd, while the first had been calved by Rosalie Daisy, bought with Mignon 2nd, an exceedingly handsome cow at Mr. W. S. Cragg's last sale — whence also came Sweetheart and Gazelle heifers — while Siddington Blush 2nd was fancied by Mr. Airey, when Sir H. H. Vivian sent his contingent to be sold at Langleybury, it is thus evident that the tribe is to be one of the strongest at Moreton Hall. A Waterloo was secured at Pool Park and a Lady Worcester at Dringhouses, while a couple of heifers from the dispersion of the Upholland herd, form the conclusion of the recent additions. SHORTHORN HERDS OP ENGLAND. 433 Reaching Preston one.? more, and visiting Penwortham Priory, we spend a couple of hours very pleasantly with the owner, Mr. L. R\ wsthorne, in driving round the farms in hand, where everything appears very orderly and carried out in an efficient manner. Milk production forms the chief item in the farming operations and this is despatched to Southport twice every day. Mr. Ravvsthorne had an extraordinary fine family of G Wynnes, which when dispersed at the Ashton Hall sale, attracted great attention, but the direct Princess line, represented by two own sisters, was retained, together with Prince Saladin 40542, as the nucleus of a future herd, Lady Wellesley 2nd, failed to leave any female produce, and Lady Wellesley 3rd, a very handsome cow, was privately sold to Mr. F. Sartoris, after leaving Princess of Penwortham, now g, own into a beautiful symmetrical cow, to mourn her loss, which has had Princess of Hutton to Grand Duke 33rd 39946, and P.incess of Howick to Grand Duke 31st, 38374. The herd is still limited to this favourite old line of blood, which is greatly valued by Mr. Rawsthorne on account of their great milking qualities, but addit- ional females are contemplated being added to it. Betwixt the important towns of Lancaster and Preston, Mrs. Brockholes has a small herd of Bates blood at Clifton Hill, which are principally descended from Yorke's Fairie, a daughter of Eighth Duke of York 28480 and Lady Chance 9th, one of the old Scaleby Castle families ; Duchess 2nd, of the Annette branch of the Acombs, bred at Knightley Hall; and Red Cherry, tracing to Col. Ciadock's Old Cherry. The two former are still at Clifton Hill, Duchess 2nd, being a fine type of a shorthorn, and possessed of good daiiy qualities, while York's Fairie is also a good cow. Duchess Acomb, Lady Acomb,and Princess Acomb are three capital daughters of Duchess 2nd, by Mr. Brogden's Piince Glo'ster 42182. Gipsy, a gay looking grand-daughter of York's Fail ie, has Peggy, a very useful heifer as companion, which stands in the same relationship to the Scaleby purchase, and a daughter from the former is very attractive. Of the own sisters, White Hart and White Cherry, the latter is our choice, and appears well adapter! for dairy purposes; 434 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. indeed Mrs. Broekholes considers that a cow should give milk, and has made it a rule never to buy a male, without he was from a heavy milker, while the young stock are reared in a natural manner, as it tends to encoutage their milking properties, instead of more or less destroying them as is the case when highly fed. Sir Olive Barrington 7th 487-35, a masculine looking animal, well covered on his crops, and with excellent loin, although slightly drooping behind, is in service. Scale Hall, \\ith the land belonging to it, situate on the outskirts of Lancaster, has been in the occupation of Mr. John Woodhouse for thirty years, who brought with him, Dragon 14412, a pure Bates bull he had purchased the year previous from Mr. S. E. Bolden. The late Mr. Whalley was a contributor to the Hay Carr sale of 1861, and there, Mr. Wocdhouse bought in addition to White Hamlet 15508 (afterwards exhibited by him at the Preston Guild Show), an aged cow named Lady Flora, whose breeding is more particularly noticed in the notes in Mr. Cragg's herd, as that gentleman purchased her daughter, Lucretia, at the same time ; she continued breeding up to eighteen years of age, and her youngest heifer— -Flora's Last — bred Lady Flora, a very fine cow, which has won in dairy classes on various occasions, and whose two daughters, Flora's Eose and Flora's Blossom, are an excellent class of cattle to have on any farm, indeed Mr. Woodhouse's cows are not wanting in useful qualities, as they have to assist in supplying Lancaster with milk. The Pinks, the other principal family at Scale Hall, have produced some very useful animals, amongst which may be mentioned Pink's Rose, a large, square- framed cow, one of the best in the herd. The more recent additions have comprised Butterfly Duchess 3rd, bred at Eowfant, of the Townley Madaline family, and Bolina 3rd, from Mr. Bromley, of Forton ; the former after breeding a heifer, had Lord Butterfly 53134, the present sire, to Duke of Waterloo 46276, a Blanche of Mrs. Bubb's breeding, who had previously been used, having succeeded the Earl of Bective's Turcoman 3rd 42526, (a son of Duke of Underlay 33745 and Uuderley Darling), and Mr. E. Musgrove's Fennel Duke 26639. SHORTHORN HKHDS OF ENGLAND. 4.">."> Westtnoteland is once more entered from the important junction at Carnforth, and although Arkholme, is the Midland station for Underlay, we have yet tvvo "calls" to make, before proceeding thither. AVithin ten minutes walk from the station, Mr. W. S. Ciagg, for nearly thirty years, has bred from the best stocks in the district and in the autumn of 1875, the thirty-eight head, brought under Mr. Thornton's glass, averaged over ,£45, an excellent result, as beyond the purchase of shorthorn bulls and Lucretia at the Hay Carr sale of 1861, all the animals had pedigrees founded by Mr. Crsgg thiough using good males on the dairy cattle of the district. More especially must be mentioned the ancestress of the Lady Ca woods, who was supposed to have been bred by the Bishop of Carlisle, she came in calf to a bull of Sir Charles Tempest's — pedigree unknown — which in due time was sent to Horton Bay V/050, and the produce is the first registered cross in the Lady Ca wood's pedigree. Pievious to the sale twelve years ago, Mr. Bowly's Captain Tregunter 28136 had been used, and males of Bates blood have succeeded him. The three Lady Cawoods now in Mr. Cragg's possession include Lady Cawood 16th, by the Duchess bull, Duke of Leicester 43112. The Lucretias of the old Maynard blood, are descended fiom Lucretia, purchased at the Hay Carr sale of 1861, whose ancestress, Flora, was brought into the district in 1839, from Mr. John Ceilings' sale, held at Whitehouse, near Greta Bridge, having cost 31gs. at the sale, together with £3 12s. additional for expenses before reaching her destination. There are still five females in the heid comprising Lucretia 6th, a good square fiam/d co\v, by Capfc. Tregunter 28136, and her four. daughters — excepting the youngest, a pretty roan — are by Earl Ashton 39808, a remarkably fine Winsome bull, used by Mr. Cragg, and afterwards sold to Mr. Drewry for service in the Holker herd. Ciossing the Eiver Lune, Mr. llobeit Burrow is found at home, but the owner's name is much better known in the district for the success of his horses than by the doings of the herd which he quietly breeds at Wrayton Hall. The Medora cow, Lady Bright Eyes, was the fiist purchase, and The Belle and Sultana, followed 436 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. closely after from Mi. T. Strickland's. Circe's Queen, full of the famous Telemichus blood, has been probably the most successful purchase, having had five calves, May Queen, the oldest, being the prettiest co\v in the herd, while the mother is a useful heavy fleshed sort. Lord Derwent 46442, a son of Grand Duke 31st 38374 and Darlington 26th, is a massive white, to whom Circe's Queen and two of her daughters had cow calves last season, v hile Georgiana Derwent, has a Bell Bates pedigree tracing to Mr. Thos. Bell's Georgiana 5th. Mr. Burrow also breeds some very good Wensleydale long-woolled sheep, and has an excellent market for the rams for crossing purposes. Underley has been the home of Shorthorns for almost a "score" of years, and no breeder, we venture to state, is better known and more widely esteemed than the noble owner, the Right Hon. Earl of Bective, M.P., in support of this assertion, the Underley sales have always compared most favourably with the others of their respective seasons, and the most recent, only held a month before our visit, has quite placed in the shade the remainder of the Bates auctions of the year. The Killhow sale in 1868, witnessed the beginning of the herd, whose name was to become known all over the civilized world and the Underley Darlings — descended from Turk's Darling — form one of the most prominent and favourite families in the herd, where they have been retained on account of their great milking properties. The Park, through which winds the River Lune, is an excellent grazing ground for shorthorns, while artificial food has not been used to such an extent as to impair the breeding and dairy properties of the cattle, thus they are found very healthy, and well coated with hair. The Duchesses are the most prominent of the dozen families (counting the recent purchases at Storrs) and the Grand Duchess tribal name having been preserved, it appeared a veritable Springfield, with " Frank " in attendance, but he has now retired. It was from the States that the tribe were first brought to Underley, and the 6,000gs. paid for Tenth Duchess of Geneva will remain a prominent "laud mark" in the history of the breed, while when the pair of Duchess of Hillhurst heifers, sent over SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 437 by Mr. Cochrane, were offered on the heights above Lake Winder- mere, who present will forget the cheers that arose when the highest priced female ever sold on British soil was announced as having become the property of the owner of the Underley herd. Excepting Duchess 126th, the roan calf bought at Hindlip, evidently as a sort of memento of the departure of the larger portion of the family once more to the American continent, the remainder of the tribe are of the Grand Duchess branch. When the late Mr. Oliver first gave the public the opportunity of competing for specimens of the Grand Duchesses, no one was more ready to take advantage of it than Lord Bective, who paid 2,750gs. for the Twenty-third, she proved an excellent bull breeder, and the only heifer born at Underley — Grand Duchess 45th — is visiting Ninth Duke of York 51159, at Duncombe Park in company with her daughter, Grand Duchess 58th, the result of mating her with Mr. Aylmer's Baronet 4729(5, and one of the Storrs heifers. Grand Duchess 56th is away at Ruddington Hall, to try the introduction of the Waterloo blood, so successful when experimented on at Sholebioke, and it might be added also at Underley, as Grand Duke 31st 38374, the son of Grand Duke of Waterloo 34577 and Grand Duchess 17th, has proved a valuable sire for the ten years he has been in service, and now when only a month from completing his eleventh year, he is as active and vigorous as ever, and may be described as a bull of large scale with a noble front worthy of the ancient line he repiesents. At the dispersion of the Sholebroke cattle, four of the fifteen Grand Duchesses were secured for Underley. Grand Duchess 42nd, the matron of the tribe, may well be described as a " Duchess all over," when her grace- ful compact form and exquisitely moulded front passes before us. Grand Duchess 53rd, accompanied her dam — Grand Duchess 42nd — from Sholebroke, and excepting a slight failing in the quarters, will develope into a useful matron, her first calf, Grand Duchess 60th, having already realized more than the cost price of the mother, but the gem of the sale was Grand Duchess 59th, from the beautiful Grand Duchess 42nd, while an older sister, Grand D'ichess 57th, was retained, and with such a dam, and Grand Duke 3 1st for sire, 4)8 SHORTHORN HERDS OF KNUL.VND. she will doubtless do credit to her illustrious patents. Grand Duchess 54th, has quite the Bates style and has much improved since seen at Duncombe Park. T\vo young Grand Dukes appear oblivious of their greatness, for being from Grand Duchess 45th, and her older daughter, they will bo raised to reign over two of England's leading herds, before another year passes over their heads. Rowfant Duke of Leicester 5201:3, considerably improved since we saw him over a year ago, is now the principal sire, since the Wateringbury bull's departure. The Oxfords are limited to the level Lady Oxford 1 2th and the Wild Kyes to Winsome 29th —a daughter of the beautiful March- ioness of Worcester — bought as a calf at Holker, but the ancient Princess and Red Rose tribes have long held prominent positions, indeed it was the noble owners of Dunmore and Underlev who introduced the latter into this country, and visitois will long remember Ninth Duke of Thorndale's beautiful daughter, Lady Sale of Putney, whose grand daughter, Princess Sale 3id, now occupies the adjoining box to Princess Saladin 3rd, a deep chested young cow in which is united the English and American bianches, through her grand-sire, Prince Saladin 40542 (a son of Lady Sale of Putney, and the much admired Grand Princess of Lightburne 3rd) whose union produced Princess Saladin, the mother of Princess Saladin 3i d,as well as Princess Saladin 4th, a lengthy well formed young cow, with grandly sprung libs. The Red Ro:;es are one of the most numerous tribes, Red Rose of Nithsdale, bred in Kentucky, making an excellent matron, and Red Rose of Dove 5th, has been a capital bieeder, the heifer retained being particularly straight, and the one sold, topped the other members of the family in the pi-ice list. There has always been a Gwynne included in the LTnderley herd of shorthorns, and in Duchess Gwynne 8th, we behold the name revived of a bianch, which when sold in 1873, made extraordinary prices, the average of the tiibe being within a few shillings of £350. Gwynneth, excepting being somewhat heavily cushioned, retains the grandeur so well displayed by the family group when brought before the public at Ashton Hall. The Marchionesses have long been known in the SHORTHORN HERDS OE ENGLAND. 439 Dunmore and Underley herds as the female produce of the Sidding- tons, continued sales have however reduced the tribe to Marchioness 14th, a capital roan heifer, sired by Mr. Briggs' Duke of Leicester 431 1 2. Nancy Orniskirk, a useful dairy cow, traces to Kirklevington's half-sister, Nettle. The Darlingtons have been held in greater esteem than either of the Bell Bates tribes, and Dentdsale 7th, a remarkably handsome daughter of Mr. Mills' Dowager 3rd, has bred an exceed- ingly pretty calf to Grand Duke of Geneva 3rd 49677. White Darlington 2nd, hails from Snitterfield, and several are descended from Prioress, a fine cow tred at Lillingstone Dayrell, and now past her seventeenth year, which accompanied Darlington Duchess 5th and Darlington Duchess 9th, from Stoneleigh Park, and Deep- dale, has become the family name for the female produce. Underley Darling, as before stated, was an extraordinary fine dairy cow, and also proved an excellent breeder. Mr. Foster had bought Turk's Darling at the dispersion of the Sarsden Lodge herd, and when sold at Killhow, she was in calf to Royal Cambridge 25009, her first born at Underley being named Underley Darling, and her daughters by Duchess sires are some of the best cows in the herd, being of large scale with good loins and strong constitutions, and the younger generation are exceedingly attractive, probably the most noteworthy being Underley Darling 14th ar.d Underley Darling 15th. Daylight, of the Old Daisy tribe, one of the heaviest milkers in the herd, has a nice roan yearling daughter by Grand Duke 3 1st 38374, and Lilyclale, like her dam, Laura, bought at The Broadway sale, has the same peculiar shade of red which led to the original purchase being commonly known as the " dun" cow. Rigmaden Park, Mr. C. W. Wilson's seat, lies three miles further northward in the \alley of the Lime, and the rival "house" are found to be in the enjoyment of the owner's favour. Mr. Wilson has in hand 900 acres around the mansion, and another farm on the road to Underley has also been recently taken in hand, where we are shown a new " shippon" capable of holding 44 head, with water running in front, as Mr. Wilson rightly believes that the drinking of water in cold weather without the chill being taken off, 440 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. is not profitab!e to winter dairying, and the erection of this excellent accomodation for the animals is to supply milk for the petit dairy factory erected in a portion of the farm buildings, and to be worked by water power. No waste of capital has been here sunk in buildings , while the management will be of the simplest description, Mr. Wilson being his own agent. Ensilage forms a considerable portion of the winter keep of the cattle, chiefly however built in stack form and compressed by means of the Wilson Furcated Hydraulic Jacks, an invention of the owner, who is credited with the "liigmaden" churns, one of which is in use in the dairy, but p.obably more valuable to the agriculturist than either is the " Stercoline," of which Mr. Wilson has acquiied the sole patent right; it is a chemical compound and absorbant for taking up and fixing the ammonia in liquid manure, and forming a very powerful artificial dressing. A crop of turnips has been grown with it alone this year estimated at fifty tons per acre, and it enables eight acres of land to be covered with one ton of liquid instead of a quarter of an acre with a tank cart. Turning our attention more paiticularly to the cattle, although but a small portion of the animals at Rigmaden are " eligible," yet pedigree bulls have long been used on the estate, and the general appearances of the numerous and handsome lot of daiiy cows indicate that the sires must have been animals of individual merit, whatever their pedigree qualifications may have been. In the fiist pasture, Maijoiie, a dark red Mistress Mary, fiom Knowlmere, has a neat feminine appearance with quite the Booth ribs, and Pearl 7th, ;her companion, is a thick wealthy heifer. Advancing into the adjoining field, Peony Flower 3rd, and her daughter, came from Edenhall a " twelvemonth " ago, with Eosanna, a good-looking daughter of Baron Oxford 6th 33075, but to Phillipa, of the famous Hecuba tribe, a wonderfully straight nice heifer, our attention is naturally most attracted, and so thought the audience at Killerby, when they compelled Mr. Wilson to pay the highest price, excepting Mr. Hutchinson's Princess Battenberg — which brought exactly the same figure, 130gs. — of the L8S5 heifers. Pearl Powder does credit SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 441 to Beau Benedict 42769, while "Weal Bud 7th, as an Aylesby W, is of no despicable sort, and a red and white of the same family seen in the buildings is probably a degree more shapely. The dairy cows are however the chief sight at Rigmaden, and included in their number are IAVO highly bred Georgies and Mistress Maries from Knowlmere. Mr. Wilson secured what was then considered the best of the young bulls at the Killerby sale, when the glass ran out, and Killing Power became his property ; he has retained many of his good points, but is hardly thick enough through the heart, yet, being a big growing jearling, he m.iy improve with age. Pendragon 2nd, Lord Bective's experimental cross of one of the American Red Roses and Mr. Aylmer's Baronet 47496, xvas pur- chased at the recent Underley sale ; doubtless his colour detracted fiom his price, as he is lengthy and useful, and a greater success than many of those direct crosses have proved. Mr. Wilson has long been a successful exhibitor of horses, and the famous pony stallion, Sir George 778, winner at eight "Royals" in succession, grazes in company with a capital roan shorthorn heifer bred by Mr. John Strong, of Culgaith, while over the fence an experiment of crossing the English red deer with t'ie Wapitti, the largest species found in America, is being tried. Passing over the hills separating Lunesdale from the valley containing the old coaching towns of Burton, Milnthorpe and Kendal, we find Mr. Henry Cock, of Coat Green, to be the first breeder whom we have to visit. The earliest male used on the farm (which has been in the occupation of Mr. Cock and his father for forty-five years) rf which any record is found was Mr. James Eawcett's Malcolm 14888, calved in 1856. Although Malcolm was a son of Mr. Bates' Disraeli 10125, a decided leaning towards the Booth blood was perceptible in the breeding of the sires which succeeded him as the names of their breeders, the Rev. R. F. Ilou-sman, Rev. T. Staniforth, Messrs. Bowman, Caddy and Jefferson, are well known as having been connected with some of the best Booth tiibas. Mountain Head 50081, the successor of Wagner 48898, bred by Mr. James Bruce, is likewise of Aylesby 442 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. origin, and has Lord Protector for sire, with an array of well known names beyond. He has a good head and chest, with horns perhaps too highly set, well sprung ribs, wide loin, and excellent thighs. One of the oldest families are the Elizas, obtained by purchasing a cow of that name from Mr. Muckalt, who had bought her from Mr. Toxvn.son, of Hyuing, a tenant of Mr. Bolden's. In number the Elizas are fast approaching a " score," but none are better than the twins — Eliza llth and Eliza 12th — the former is our favourite, with her great ribs and beautiful shoulders. The Medoras have also had a home for a considerable period at Coat Green and slightly exceed the Elizas in number, here again two of the older cows — Isabella 5th and Isabella 6th — are especially prominent, six heifer calves have been bred by Isabella 5th, but it is the younger of the pair with her well formed bosom, and level lines that attracts special attention. Snow Flower, from St. Bees Abbey, has had the white Snowstorm, almost as lev<4 as herself, while Princess Maud, also bred by the late Mr. W. Fox, is found included in the yearlings. Welcome Stranger, a handsome white with a taking head and horn, cime with Wagner from the Barmoor sale, and to that sire produced Welcome Wayfarer ; both mother and daughter have contributed heifer calves to Mountain Head 50031, the one from the latter being a "beauty," and of the other little maidens, mention must be made of a red and white from Eliza llth. Bordering on the ancient market town of Burton, Mr. H. B. Boardman has begun to breed the fashionable race of cattle, and his latest venture has been Mr. J. Thompson's first prize calf at the last Yorkshire Meeting. British Warrior, was certainly a long way in advance of his companions at York, and if he can be brought out in as good form another season, he should prove a dangerous competitor. A red and white Eliza from Coat Green, has a capital milk vessel, while Lady Cecilia, Strawberry Girl and Butterfly's Surprise, bought from Mr. Geo. J. Bell, will not fail to do justice to The Nook herd. White Darlington, a neat well formed young cow, was bought at the recent Underley sale, in company with her SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 443 roan heifer calf by Rowfant Duke of Leicester 5*201'*, while Augusta 7th, and Garnett 31st, were secured out of Mr. Wakefield's dozen lots offered to the public on the same occasion. Proceeding six miles northwards from Bui-ton, and the Royal prize farm ot Greenhead is duly reached. The tenant, Mr. William Handley, first took possession of the farm in 1867. when he purchased a number of good dairy cows by Mr. Ellison's Tenant Farmer 13828, who had been used by his predecessor, Mr. Scott, and two years later, Sir AY alter Trevelyan 25170, a very fine white bull, was bought from the late Mr. R. W. Ashburner, of Low Hall, and followed by Mr. Cattley's Prince Arthur 20597 — who won many prizes and proved himself a capital stock getter — but it was the introduction of the Sheriff Hut ton blood that proved so successful at Greenhead, after using Sir Arthur Windsor 35541, the famous old Sir Arthur Ingram 32490, was bought at the dispersion of Mr. Linton's herd, and the breeding of the thrice Royal winner, Royal Ingrain 50374, shows most of these sires in his pedigree, he having been descended like the large majority of Mr. Handley Js stock, from the cows purchased in 1807. The success of the herd in the show- yards has plaited it of late years very prominently before the public and every praise is due to Mr. Handley and his son — into whose hands the heid will pass at the close of 1887 —for the manner in which they have sent their animals into the ring. Alfred the Great 36121, from that fine cow, Edith 9th, after being exhibited on ten occasions as a yearling, when he was always awarded premier honours in his class, succeeded his sire — Sir Arthur Windsor — in the herd, and his son. Master Harbinger 40324, was the first Royal winner bred at Gteenhead. At the date of our visit, Royal Ingram 50374, with his mag- nificent back and loin ; Hiawatha 48127, a massive heavy fleshed Scotch b.ed bull, not so firm in his loin as desirable; and Golden Tieasuie 51346, a paiticulaily possessing young bull of excellent quality and full of hair, are of the principal stud sires, with Royal Hovingham, Ingrain's Glory and Ingram's Fame coming on for future use as well as to aid in winning further honours for the herd. 444 SHORTHORN HERDS OP ENGLAND. The South Americans have carried away Golden Treasure, Royal Hovingham and Ingram's Fame, while Royal Ingrain and Hiawatha have departed into Northumberland, and Reformer 538^1, similarly marked in colour to Royal Ingram, although possessed of much more masculine character, in which we considered this otherwise evenly made bull somewhat deficient; Macbeth 54670, also a Scotch bred bull ; and Chief Justice 44098, a son of Ingram's Chief 5 1423 and Purity, one of the finest cows at Catchburn ; the two latter are exceedingly promising and will be heard of again during the coming season. Harmony — the mother of Royal Ingram — carries her nine years remarkably well, and is one of the most shapely well built cows at Greenhead. Her companion, Princess Flora, also very shorthorn like and the possessor of a. capital frame, has bied Goldfmder, Gold Digger and Golden Treasure, the two former well known in Scotch showyards, and Goldh'nder, to the best of our information, has an unbeaten record since being exported by Mr. J. J. Hill into Minnesota. This cow, in addition to having proved such an excellent breeder, is also a splendid dairy animal. Indeed Mr. Handley's cows are not deficient in this respect, and especially fine udders are found amongst them. They are all regularly milked and the calves reared with the pail, thus it is evidently not impossible to bring out young bulls in show condition when under good management, yet there are many who would have us believe other- wise, and if all shorthorn cows were as regularly milked as Mr. Handley's and other northern herds — whether pedigree or not — we should hear less of the non-milking tendencies of the pure bred shorthorn. In addition to the ill effects of using males out of unprofit- able cows, and high feeding, there is always the danger of not developing the milk glands thoroughly by every means in the owner's power, and what more prejudicial to them than allowing heifers to suckle their calves, and thus in addition to not fully developing the milk glands, the cow is very difficult to milk, after the succeeding calf, and unless tjreat patience is exercised by th? milker, she is soon spoiled, it being invariably difficult to obtain the full yield of milk after the previous calf has been suckling. With the startling successes SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 4-45 obtained by Mr. Handley, it should not be difficult for breeders to insist on their herdsman milking every cow and heifer. Most prominent amongst the matrons are Hawthorn Blossom, a fine handsome cow ; Dei-went Queen 2nd, a useful breeding sort, is the dam of Mr. Metcalfe Gibson's Boyal Arthur 53570; Flower Girl and her capital ribbed daughter, Flower Girl 2nd ; Elixir, from Holmescales ; and Red Cherry, by Alfred the Great 36121, from Cherry Bloom, bred at Broomley, the latter being a great improvement on her half-sister, by Blair Athole 37866. The heifers include several very level daughters of Royal Ingram 50374, and are found in. useful breeding order. Mr. James Mashiter who occupies the adjoining farm of Deep- thwaite, having been kindly permitted by Mr. Handley to have the use of his sires, his pedigrees are of precisely the same blood as the majority of the Greenhead cattle, no pedigree females having been bought by Mr. Mashirer, but merely a careful record having been kept of the males used upon the dairy cattle, and cows having been sent to Tenant Farmer 13828, when in service at Greenhead before Mr. Handley 's arrival in 1867, many of the animals have that' eire as the termination of their pedigree. Deepthwaite not being nearly so extensive a holding as Greenhead, the breeding stock are ftom twenty to thirty, and their general character are a credit to the tenant, and a successful example of the continued use of pedigree sires upon dairy cows, combined with sound judgement in breeding from only the best of the females. Graceful — a daughter of Master Harbinger 40324 — a handsome squarely built red and white, has the light roan Louisa standing by her side — considered by Mr. Mashiter to be his best cow — and the latter's half-sister, Victoria 2nd, with excellent dairy qualities, has a sweet feminine head and horns. Two half-sisters — Princess Alice and Adelaide — occupying the adjoining stall, have each capital roan calves. Victoria, a very deep fronted roan, has her level yearling by her side, while Laura, and Lavinia, from Louisa, are an excellent pair, if anything we incline to Royal Ingram's daughter — Lavinia— rather than the aged " Sir Arthur's," and a son of Royal Ingram's, from Carry 2nd, is greatly admired for his even lines. 440 SHORTHORN HERDS oF ENGLAND. On the right of the " London and North Western " main line connecting Scotland with the metropolis, we have still another Ivu-d to visit, and on leaving the station at Oxenholme and proceeding steadily "upwards" for a couple of miles we are as it were on a tableland, and at the termination of a third mile we reach Holme- scales, where Mr. James Close has a choicely bred herd of Booth cattle. Founded in 1867 at Smardale Hall near Penrith, the herd is again to be removed northwards, and Wensleydale is the next destination, a large farm having b:vn taken by -Mr. Close in the neighboiuhood of Carperby. Since the sale three years ago, no female purchases have been ma.de excepting at the Musgntve Hull sale, where Lady Pauline and Gay Lass we,e obtained in addition to Prairie Flower, a daughter of Baron Aylesby 39^07 and Flo\ver of the Schelt, who had been purchased by Mr. Toppiu the year previous at Holmescales. After the Aylesby Flowers, the Kilierby Georgies are the most important family, as well as the most numerous, an especially handsome cow being Vestal, a daughter of Mr. Aylmer's Royal Victor 35414 — extensively used by Mr. Close — and Verity, from Mr. J. B. Booth's Vacillation. The Familiars obtained from the late Mr. Unthank have still a creditable female descendant in the herd. Lord of Waterside 49957, a white of excellent quality is now in service, he was bred at Storrs, having that beautiful cow, Rose of Warlaby — the highest priced female at the Beeston sale in 1871 — for grand-dam, while his half-sister, Rose of Wasdale, sold for 365gs. at the rec3nt Storrs sale. Returning to Oxenholme Jurction — where the branch line to Ivendal and Winder mere diverges westward— Sedgwick House is found snugly situate in the Valley of the Kent. Mr. W. IT. Wake- iield's system of breeding may be said to have differed only fiom Mr. Handler's in that the sire used has been of Bites blood, as the entire herd, excepting Walnut (5th, are descended from dairy cattle, he having pm chased several animals with from one to three registered ciosses, and the production of such a beautiful heifer as Gusta 4th, the Champion female at the Edinburgh Centenary Meeting of 1 *S4, must have amply compensated the owner for his S1IOHT1TORN IIEftDS OF ENGLAND. 447 trouble. Alas ! the Canadians, with a very tempting offer, succeeded in earning off this much coveted heifer. In addition to the hand- some home bred Baron Sedgwick 44373, woude. fully deep in his thighs and flank, and second at the Reading and York Rovals, Mr. Wakefield is using Dentsman 51071, bred at Underley and of the fashionable Darlington triba, but r.ot so good looking as Baron Sedgwick. Previous to Dentsman's purchase, Duke of Holker 38183, Baron Barrington 4th 33000, and Dumobin 28486, had been bought fiom Holker. The " Baion " and three of his get obtained the third piize at the Shrewsbury Royal in 1884, preceded by Beau Benedict 42769 and Royal Gloucester 45525, with their produce. The names of the principal families founded by Mr. Wakefield, are the Augustas, Barnes', Garnetts, Wellhead's Roses and Welcomes, of which the last mentioned are the best, Welcome 3rd — one of the Shrewsbury group — being a particular fine cow and G-arnett 14th, very pretty. Wellhead's Rose 2nd, a heavy fleshed sort, has bred Baron Sedgwick. Two of the most promising heifers are Welcome 9th and Welcome 10th, the older being wonderfully deep in front, and the younger, an excellent calf, does credit to Dentsman 51071, and if her half-sisters are born with as shapely forms, Mr. Wakefield will have no cause to regret changing from Holker to Underley for his sire. Betwixt Sedgwick and Kendal, formerly Kirkby Kendal, at Water Crook, Mr. Edward Mason has established a herd of dairy shorthorns, not that the whole thirty cows in milk are eligible for Coates', as Mr. Mason, who has to maintain a regular supply of milk to provide for the wants of his customers in the neighbouring town, where it is retailed every day, finds it more profitable to change his animals according to circumstances, and has no difficulty in disposing of his cows at very satisfactory prices. Unfortunately the enterprising tenant of Water Crook is absent from home, and we are unable to acquire that positive information we should have liked as to the names of the pedigree animals, but with the herd in its entirety we are greatly pleased, their large, square frames and shapely udders being a credit to any breeder, much more so to one 448 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. who lias risen solely by his own endeavours, as beginning farming with on 3 cow purchased out of his year's wag^s as an agricultural f«ii in servant, he is now the owner of one of the finest herds of daiiy cattle in this country, and his stock sire, Sir Arthur Irwin 44016, a massive, heavy fleshed son of Sir Arthur Ingram 32 1!;0, has since been transferred to the celebrated Mertoun herd, as one of the stud bulls. The late Mr. Marcellus Thompson exhibited sonv.s ve.iy fine cattle in the local showyards, and the farm carried on by the Executors at The Lound — on the outskirts of Kenclal — has since continued to send forth some very creditable animils. White Rose, a beautiful white cow, has won nearly a score of honours, and is an excellent daughter of Baron Barrington 4th 33006, indeed Mr. Wakefield had the honour of being her breeder, and Red Rose, one of Duke of Holker's daughters, like White Rose, possesses the true Bates character, but is not equal to her showyard companion — Red Rose — for exhibition purposes. Another capital Baron Barring- ton 4th cow, has bred a level roan heifer, to the Rev. T. Staniforth's Lactometer 48126, used in the herd, who is also the sire of the younger of two Cressidas heifers, out of Cousin Cressida, purchased from Mr. Thompson, of Moresdale Hall, and Creampot, half-sister to Cousin Cressida, has bred a beautiful heifer, Creampot 2nd, to Aristocrat 50767, a level son of Lord Protector 435 '55 and Baron's Pride, now in service with the herd. At Lane Foot, situate about a mile to the north of Kendal, Mr. J. J. Banks has bred shoithorns for a number of years. Until his purchases at the Underley sale, Mr. Banks never purchased what may be termed fashionable bred shoithorns, but good useful cattle, and his sires have been of the same class, Emperor of Kirklevington 47838, now in service, having been bred at Calthwaite Hall, from Empress 6th, which had two highly bred Bates crosses upon Mr. Maynard's Empress. The own sisters, Sprightly 2nd and Sprightly 3rd, are the b^st of the cows of his own breeding, the older being especially good. Barmpton Blush, which cost the Earl of Bective L'o.Vs. at the lYncraig sale, has bred Mr. Banks a fine roan heifer— SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 449 Duchess Blush — by Grand Duke 81st 38374, since her arrival from Underlay in company with the neat Lilydale, and the massive Red Rose of Coniston, whose grand-dam, Red Rose of the Isles, reached l,950gs, at the Dunmore auction of 1875, she also has bred a heifer by one of the Underley Duchess males. The handsome dark roan, Colleen Celia 3rd, bought at Rowfant, is considered the handsomest cow at Lane Foot. Princess Janette 5th and two well bred Duchess Nancies — Duchess Nancy 3rd and Dowager Duchess 19th — have since our visit been purchased at the dispersion of the Penrhyn Castle herd. Crossing to the opposite side of the Valley, we find Skelsmergh Hall has been in the occupation of the Morton family since May 12th, 1811. The farm is now in the occupation of Mr. John Morton, a nephew of the Messrs. Morton, whose herd realized such high prices in Australia, before being transferred to Messrs. Robeitson. Chance 7890, calved in 1826, of the Rev. J. Watson's breeding, was the first pedigree bull used at Skelsmergh Hall, and only twelve years later, the then owner carried off the first of a numerous array of silver cups in the present Mr. Morton's possession, and especially worthy of record is the fact that seven of them have been won for the best general stock in the district, and in addition, money prizes have also been gained in this class. The exhibition of females has been discontinued for the past ten years, but previously the herd was well known for its success in the local showyards. Col. Townley's Freeman 17804 — a son of Frederick 11489 and Alice Butterfly — succeeded Mr. R. W. Saunders' Sovereign 15324, and his daughters, Freedom's Faith and Freedom's Farewell, won a number of prizes. Sires of Bates blood have been in service for the past twenty years, beginning with Atherton's Oxford 21195, a pure Acomb bull, and Barrington, Place, and Wild Eyes males succeeded him, so the character of the herd has become eventually " Bates," although the first purchases and earlier sires possessed little of that blood. In the dairy cows, a capital uddered lot, the daughters of Duke of Barrington 2nd, 36463, are well to the front, the own sisters, EE 450 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. Claribel and Lady Clara, are especially good ; Bo Peep, has bred Royal Gwynne, who has turned out a winner in Mr. BUmdell's ownership ; Ringlet 7th, is a nice old sort ; Petunia, a grand deep £rani3d red and white, is one of the best in the herd ; and Lady Victoria, although very smart has not the substance of this bull's get. Mr. Starkie's Baron Ashton 45888, has also a number of capital heifers to his credit, Fanny Fern, traces to Sir Charles Knightley's Walnut, through Fair Fanny, bought at Nunwick, Heartsease, Rosewood and Sweetbriar are the only three others in milk, the latter being the best shaped. Patty, amongst the heifers is very blooming, as the owner after having contemplated selling her for beef, considers he could not afford to lose so fine a young cow. The calves are the produce of Fred Gwynne 52902, a good framed animal, with capital loin and thighs, bred at East Donyland. On arriving at the terminus of the Kendal and Windemere line, we are within sight of the Lake, whose graceful beauty enthralls visitors of all nationalities, as well as the comforts — in a lesser degree — of the Royal and Old England hostelries, over which Mrs. Scott presides, and the farm of Cleabarrow, situate as it were over- hanging Bowness, which is placed on the edge of a large bay of the Lake, has not only supplied the hotels with farm produce, but sent forth some excellent cattle to do battle in the local showyards. Rosie Tufton, a very wealthy heifer, exhibited last season, is not so much to our taste as the pretty and level Valegia Bland, bought at the sale held by Mr. Thorn on his removal from Kirkbythore, where Rose of Oxford 4th, a handsome cow of Mr. Ben AVilson's Certainty tribe was also obtained, while Millionaire 53318 has been purchased from the well known Inglewood herd, he is a good-looking young bull, and being by the renowned Beau Benedict 42769 should leave some good stock at Cleabarrow. Crossing the Lake, and disembarking at the Ferry Hotel, we proceed by way of Sawrey, into the Yale of Esthwaite — the Lake being the scene of Wordsworth's fine skating description — and at Colthouse, at the foot of the hill, Mr. W. Satterthwaite breeds a small herd of Bates cattle of the most fashionable strains of blood. SHORTHOKN HKKDS OF ENGLAND. 451 Pie began by purchasing a couple of heifers at the Conishead Grange sale of 1S7£, and when Mr. W. Ashburner sold the larger portion of his herd two years later, Lady Clato Bates, Barrington Lally 4th, and Conishead Wild Eyes 3rd, came into the Esthwaite Vale. A useful roan two year old, by Mr. Martin's Earl of Kirklevington 43168, from Lady Claio Bates, has the honour of the Lily Bells to maintain ; Barrington Lally 4th, has proved a first rate dairy animal, and her daughter, Claife Lally, promises to grow into a nice cow; and Conishead Wild Eyes 3rd, before being sold to Mr. Burnley, left a couple of heifers at Colthouse, named Esthwaite Wild Eyes and Esthwaite Wild Eyes 2nd, the former, a neat level roan, has bred a capital cow calf to Baron Newfield Winsome 47425, a highly bred Winsome bull, purchased by Mr. Satterthwaite, from Mr. L. H. Wraith, and a white — Esthwaite Wild Eyes 5th — from the younger sister, also does credit to him as a sire, and its dam, a robust massive young matron, is of the right class to withstand the vigours of the climate, indeed there is considerable credit due to Mr. Satferthwaite for his courage in selecting such highly bred females to occupy his pastures, and not content with his previous purchases he has bought Duchess of Warcop, of the fashionable Waterloo tribe, and Lady Wild Eyes 10th, one of the purest of the many branches of the family. Passing through the ancient market town of Hawkeshead — which like many another once important country town has suffered from the absence of the "Iron Horse" — the end of the first mile brings us to a brook, near which at the angle where the Ambleside and Coniston roads divide, a mullioned window in a portion of the farm buildings, indicates that we are close to the site of the Hall, but the present residence is quite of modern date. Mr. Martin, the present occupier of the Hall, and the extensive holding belonging to it, began breeding shorthorns in 1864, when on March 28th he bought Jessy 31st, at the Stang Ends sale, she proved an excellent breeder : and Gazelle 3rd, obtained at Siddington in 1872, was also a fortunate purchase ; while additions were afterwards made of some of the leading tribes. Before Mr. Martin's lemoval from Bardsea — 4-f>2 SHORTHORN HERDS OE ENGLAND. where the herd was previously located — a joint sale was held with the late Mr. Kennedy at Stone Cross, when an average of £57 7s. 2d was secured for the twenty-six animals. S'ince that date no female purchases have been made by Mr. Martin, the three tribes — as the Gwynnes and Minstrels may be included as one — have been bred as the ordinary stock of an exposed high lying farm in the Lake District, Earl of Kirklevington 413168, a robust serviceable bull, having succeeded Duke of Oxford 34th 36529, whose predecessor, Duke of Kirklevington 6th 30982, had been sold after several years use at his cost price, to go into Kentucky. The popular Gwynne family consists of Flossy Gwynne 3rd, and her thirteen descendants, the old lady, looking very robust in her eleventh year, carries abundance of hair and flest to withstand the cold, indeed the family have shown themselves particularly hardy and regular breeders since their removal into a more northerly clime. Florence Gwynne and Folia Gwynne, are the choicest of Flossy Gwynne 3rd's four daughters, her first-born — Flora Gwynne — when sold at Stone Cross as a calf realized 275gs, being more than the cost price of her mother two years previous. Minstrel Princess 2nd, a neat quartered red, from Minstrel 6th, bought at the Conishead Priory sale of 1875, has bred a nice heifer calf. The Waterloos consist of Lady Waterloo 29th, a stylish roan grand-daughter of Lady Waterloo 26th, bred at Gaddesby, and her two heifers, while Wild Eyes Belle 2nd and Wild Eyes Belle 4th, are two of the nearest in proximity to a cow bred by the late Mr. Bates at Kirklevington, the great grand-dam — Wild Eyes 26th — of the former having been born in that illustrious breeder's possession. On returning into the Coniston road, after passing a prettily situated house on the left, we have a capital mountain view, ere descending into the adjoining valley, where lies Coniston Lake, with the "Old Man" calmly contemplating it, and on its left side, Mr. G. W. Goodison, has a few pedigree shorthorns to minister to his pleasures at Coniston Bank, charmingly situate on the borders of the lake. The owner's handsomest animal is Countess Ingram, hailing from Mr. Handley's prize winning herd, while Belle Vue, also from the neighbourhood of Milnthorpe, is very attractive. SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 453 Lady Christie, with her grand udder, is a fine type of a dairy cow, having yielded under test between seventeen and eighteen pounds of butter per week, unfortunately she lacks the herd book requirements, but having been bred at Rigmaden Park, there can be little doubt of her having considerable shorthorn blood in her veins. Mr. Goodison takes considerable interest in agriculture and on his small pleasure farm, several experiments are being tried, of which another day we shall have pleasure in hearing the result. Passing to the South of the Lake and thence over Kirkby Moor, we come to Low Hall, placed well in the centre of the land which extends from within a quarter of a mile of Kirkby Station — situate on the estuary of the River Duddon — to the open common, and many of the shorthorns when in their heiferhood, and not in profit, are accustomed to graze on the verge of the heather. To the tenant — Mr. Geo. Ashburner — the first prize was awarded by the Royal Agricultural Societv when it held its meeting at Preston, " for the best stock rearing farm, where the management was principally and most successfully directed to the breeding and rearing of Live Stock." The herd came into the present owner's possession after the death of his father, the late Mr. R. W. Ashburner, in 1869, who had founded it by the purchase of Lady in 1832, from Mr. William Hodgkin, of Drigg, who was a near neighbour of Mr. Burrow, of Carlton Hall, one of the earliest breeders on the West Coast. The painting of her son, Favourite 3772, adorns the entrance hall at Low Hall, and Duchess of Kirkby, the winner of upwards of one hundred cups and prizes, traces to one of her daughters, while her descendants in 1840, laid the foundation of the Hall Santon herd, and some of their best stock traced to the Low Hall purchase. The herd, when passing into the present owner's possession, was largely composed of the Ruby and Gilliver families, and had been consider- ably in-bred by the late Mr. Ashburner, thus the introduction of fresh blood, as in the union of Tenth Grand Duke with the Ruby cow, Nightingale Oxford, doubtless tended to produce the beautiful Duchess of Kirkby, and one of the Gillivers also when bred to Sockburn Lad 30024— the first sire bought by the promt 454 8UO11THOUN HERDS OF owner — bred the very successful prize bull Pure Gold 32236. After Lord Penrhyn supplied Duke of Oxford 31004, and Mr. Brogden a Cambridge Rose and Cherry D'^ke, Holker was once more resorted to and Duke of Oxford 41st 38174, enjoyed a lengthy period of service, as well as his successor, Baron Oxford 10th 42739, who has left a number of nice heifers. Earl Surmise 2nd 51196, the principal of the three present sires, is a level topped bull of nice quality, with well packed shoulders, good ribs and lengthy quarters. Of his two assistants, Lord Waterloo 5th and Wild Duke of Geneva 36th, we are inclined in favour of the latter, a deep red sappy youngster, exceedingly mellow in his touch. The total strength of the herd is generally about seventy of all ages, which, with the exception of a few heifers bought in to graze, are composed of pedigree shorthorns. A number of young bulls are annually reared with a portion of the milk from the dairy of about a score of cows, the rest being made into butter. Exhibiting is not carried on extensively, but a few animals are generally brought out at the local and Eoyai North Lancashire shows, in oider that the herd may stand well in the estimation of the public, and thereby create a demind for the surplus femiles and young bulls without having a public sale, not one has been held at Low Hall by the present owner, although contributions on a small scale have been made to those of other breeders. The foundation tribes are worthy of first notice, as not only have they produced the most successful show, but at present contain the best individual animals. The Duchess of Kirkby branch are three in number, the Fifth, a neat level topped grand-daughter of the famous " Duchess " has bred the Ninth, a pretty attractive maiden, whom the judges awarded a second prize at Manchester, while her half-sister, the Seventh, is a beautiful fronted young cow of nice quality. The Eubies proper, have in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth, two excellent dairy animals, the former has proved the better breeder, as witness the successful Nineteenth, and two younger ones, all being by Baron Oxford 10th 42729, the oldest has bred a grand level calf to Lord Bates 51545, which is considered quite the most piomising animal in the herd for carrying SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 455 off future honours, to add to the numerous display already on the sideboard in the dining room. The Gillivers include the, Lorns, which obtained the family prize at the Shrewsbury Eoyal, Lady Lorn, and Countess of Lorn, although wealthy good cattle, have not the graceful beauty of Winsome Gem, she has the true character of a shorthorn, yet cannot compete with her often-times showyard companion, Ruby 19th, in the evenness of her lines. As regards the Bates tribes, the Kirklevingtons may be deemed to have front rank, and Kirklevington 29th — the mother of a nice young heifer — promises to develope into a useful matron. The Duchess Nancies, Fantails, Lady Bells and Places, also of Bell Bates origin, appear to specially excel in their milking properties. The Wild Eyes' have two branches, Lady Winsome 4th and Lady Winsome 5th — the latter a very taking heifer — are from Wayward Eyes, bought at TJnderley in 1879, while Wild Eyes SS'-h, in her tenth year, appears very blooming and has a growing two year old daughter — Baroness Wild Eyes 2nd — grazing on the hill-side. Worcester Daisy, from Cawood's Mignon, bought at Mr. Oaggs' sale, is one of the most fancied of the younger stock, included in which is a substantial Knightley Walnut, as well as an Ursula of Didrnarton fame, whose dam — Duchess Ursula 4th — is one of the best of the matrons. Princess' descendants of the Elvira, Minstrel, Biddenham and Rougholm branches of the Gwynnes, number into the "teens," none is more massive than the aged Oxford Gwynne, and the only female Elvira, Princess of Kiikby 2nd, once more it must be added that the tribe are popular in the herd for their milking qualities, and Florence Gwynne a beautiful type of a " dairy shorthorn," has not long been sold to go into Cheshire. Passing over the heights of Kirkby Moor to Ulverston, and proceeding by rail from that place to Carnforth, we call at the fashionable watering place of Grange, to see Mr. T. Westwood's family of Buttercups, or now better known as the Duchesses of Grange, with which he has carried off many honours at the district shows. They are found a sy in metrical lot of cattle, and worthy of the descent from the old established Rougholm stock, the late Mr. 456 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. John Caddy having pin chased the original cow from Mr. Singleton, of Ravenglass, in 1829, she was sent to Mr. Curwetvs Coroner 3497, and produced Dairy Maid, the mother of the first Buttercup, whose grand- daughter, Buttercup 3rd, was sold to Mr. W. Ashburner, in whose hands the family was bred for three generations before passing into Mr. Westwood's, who has followed his predecessor's example by mating them with males containing Bates blood in their pedigree. Georgiana of York 4th, a deep milking Bell Bates, has bred three heifers, but the family have not the good looks of the Buttercups or Duchesses of Grange. With Mr. E. Barton, of Wharton Grange, near the busy Junction of Carnforth, his horses are "first favourites" and naturally the cattle are not found quite so aristocratic in their breeding as they would have otherwise been. From one of Mr. R. Botterill's Waulby sales came a Lady Fortunate, of sound descent, and Cherry Oxtord 4th, tracing to Col. Cradock's Old Cherry. Peeress 15th, bought at the dispersion of the Earl of Tankerville's herd, has the Aylesby Fitz- Roland 33036 for sire, and since coming to Wharton Grange has bred Mr. Barton two heifers, the older by Mr. Bruere's Vice Eegal Booth 39258, and the other, a showy roan, by Wagner 48898. Amongst the cows in profit, a good roan, from Col. Graham's attracts our attention, and in the calf house, a promising youngster, has Royal Ingram 50374 for sire. The delightful situation of Holker Hall, on the shores of Morecambe Bay, is well known to the countless tens — nay even hundreds — of those interested in good cattle, who have passed from the comparatively unimportant station of Carke to the little village of Holker, at the commencement of which are found a substantial set of farm buildings, in close proximity to Mr. Drewry's residence, so that the most valuable portions of the herd can be under his constant supervision, but with such a trusty lieutenant as " George Moore " in charge — whose connexion with the herd has lasted for twenty-eight years — the latter can scarcely be deemed a duty but a pleasure. The noble owner- -then known as the Earl of Burling- ton— was a purchaser at the Kirklevington sale of 1850, but the SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 457 following year, calling in the aid of Mr. Strafford, the entire herd was dispersed, the highest price being 80 gs., paid for Goodness, to go to America, whose descendants, as " Duchesses of Goodness," acquired Considerable fame in that country. Two years later, Mr. Dre\vry — whose name has been honourably connected with the management of the herd for over 40 years — purchased Nonsuch and Oxford 15th at the Toitwoith sale, and it may be safely pre- dicted that never has one owner Fold so many thousands of pounds worth of stock descended from one cow and bred by himself as Mr. Drewry has on behalf of His Grace the Duke of Devonshire, which have traced to Oxford 15th. The rise of the Holker herd, during the half century it has been in existence, may be said to illustrate most forcibly the rise and decline in fashionably bred shorthorns. At the 1864 sale, the thirty head averaged =£66 3s. ; in 1871, forty-three head, .£240 13s. lOd. ; in 1874, the exactly same number, .£383 13s. 3d. ; in 1878, thirty head, .£664 Is. Od. ; and lastly in 1883, when forty-four animals brought only =£162 Is. 2d. each, and nine more Oxford females were included than on any previous occasion. The Oxfords are both meritorious and numerous, but the "pride of place" must be given to the half dozen Duchesses — the sixth arriving betwixt the taking and re-writing of these notes — as Grand Duke of Holker 52963, the stylish roan son of the two Sholebroke purchases — Grand Duke 46th 49671 and Grand Duchess 41st — occupies the bull house which his illustrious predecessors, Baron Oxford 8th 41057, Baron Oxford 4th 25580, Duke of Glo'ster 7th 39735, Duke of Wetherby 5th 31033, Grand Duke 10th 21848 and Lord Oxford 20214, have had as their home; thus to gain the prestige of these well known names he will have to prove one of the best stock getters in this country. His sire was considered the best young bull at the Sholebroke sale, and Grand Duchess 41st, a beautiful fronted roan with excellent sprung ribs, has proved herself a capital breeder ; her twin heifers, Grand Duchess of Holker and Grand Duchess of Holker 2nd, own sisters to the Grand Duke of Holker, are a splendid pair of yearlings 458 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. although different in colour, the first born baing a red and the second a roan. The compact and level Duchess of Holker, belonging to the Duchess of Airdrie branch, has a useful red and white son by Duke of York 9th, 51159, and Duchess of Killhow has grown into a very pretty heifer although hardly on sufficient scale. The Oxfords, numbering forty-eight females, are of two branches, and with the exception of thirteen, all trace to the Tortvvorth purchase, again they may be divided into three sub- branches, one of which may be called "pure," in the sense in which the term is now used, no sires excepting of tribes in Mr. Bates' possession at his death having been allowed to mate with the descendants of Oxford loth's daughter, Grand Duchess of Oxford 4th, while her other daughter, Countess of Oxford, was by the Princess bull, Earl of Warwick 11412. and a further innovation was introduced, when she bred a heifer to Dr. Dickinson's Priam 18567, having previously had the first of the Grand Duchesses of Oxford to Mr. Bolden's Grand Duke 3rd 16182. Although Earl of Warwick and Priam introduced a variety of fresh blood, yet the grand array of first class Bates sires used during the past quarter of a cantury have made the tribe all of one uniform type, more especially the Tort worth branch, as it has been customary to send Lady Oxford 5th and her descendants to the first Duke sires in the kingdom. Grand Duchess of Oxford 32nd, the matron of the family, is in the calving box, and the Thirty-fifth— the two last daughters of Duke of Wetherby 5th 31033 — are fine handsome red cows of large scale and robust constitutions. The Forty-sixth and Fifty-third are an especially grand pair, and two of the best in the herd, the younger being wonderfully good in her brisket, and the older of extraordinary size and robustness. The Twenty-second has quite the Bates gaiety of carriage, but passing into the Park, it is the beautiful lot of heifers by Grand Duke 40th 41)371, that are the most admired ; they are wonderfully alike with their lengthy level frames and grand colours — almost all b^ing rich roans — which tends to enhance their many other charms. To particularize would be tedious, so we must be content with naming a few of the best : — SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. 459 the Eighty-first, a very straight topped roan, out of our favourite the Fifty-third; the Eightieth, out of the Fifty-seventh; the Eighty-second is a heavy-fleshed sort, and the Eighty-sixth, a capital fronted heifer, are daughter and grand-daughter of the Thirty-second. A younger set are under cover in company with the young Grand Duchesses, and the Ninetieth, a short-legged roan is " first favourite." Lady Oxford 5th, after winning in the calf class at the Worcester Royal of 1863, was bought by Mr. Drewry at the Havering Park sale of 1867 for 600 gs., and bred the first seven Baron Oxfords, while her daughter Baroness Oxford, proved just as much a heifer breeder; her daughter Baroness Oxford llth, by Duke of Connaught 33604, has bred the noble sires at the head of the Babingley and Tortworth herds, while another daughter, the Thirteenth, is a white of nice character and quality ; the Fourteenth and Fifteenth are both grand-daughters by Duke of Glo'ster 7th 39735 ; the former has had two heifers — the Twenty- first, with her grand substance and grand hair, being probably the best — and the younger is a compact nice cow, also the dam of two good heifers by Grand Duke 46th 49671. Several other well known families have had a home at Holker, but the Wild Eyes and Lally tribes are the only two which are honoured by being at present- given a "habitation." The Winsomes first came into promin- ence at Holker, and aUho"gh the name is continued for the female produce, it is to some extent misleading, as Winsome 27th, a very handsome cow, is out of Marchioness of Worcester, bought at the dispersion of the Ashdoun House herd, for 850 gs,, and her produce are grer tly admired, especially her sappy red son by Duke of York 9th 51 159 ; and the Thirtieth, her oldest daughter, has had a charming roan heifer. Wild Winsome 9th and Winsome 26th, tracing b.ick in a direct line to Winsome, bought by Mr. Drewry at the Maiton-le-Moor sale of 1863, have also each a daughter in the heid. Holker Lally, a beautiful roan daughter of Grand Duke 46th 49671, and Lally 15th, the "five hundred guinea" calf from Winterfold, is a direct contradiction of the fact asserted by some 460 SHORTHORN HERDS OF ENGLAND. writers that " purer the blood, the worse the animal," as she is one of the purest Bates shorthorns in the world. Although the Barringtons are limited to a single representative in the female line, they have Duke of Barrington 13th, a lengthy deep red, of fine commanding appearance, bred by Mr. H. J. Sheldon, of Brailes; he was Champion of the Birmingham Show, in 1883, and descends from Lally's daughter, Laurel, purchased by Mr. Drewry at Mr. Ambler's sale in 1857, whose grand-daughter, Countess of Barrington 2nd went to Brailes from the Holker sale in 1864. With the visit to Holker, our pleasant tour of over two years duration, amongst the herds in this country comes to a close, and in conclusion, ue tender our hearty thanks to breedeis and their agents for the true British hospitality and genial welcome which greeted us wher'er we wandered, as well as for the information respecting their cattle, which was so invariably given with the greatest of pleasure, or else it wrould have been almost impossible for this work to have been added to the literature on the most distinguished breed of cattle that the world has ever known. THE END. BREEDERS' DIRECTORY. THE WINDSOR HERDS BELONGING TO |er $$ta (ir acinus Ulajestj % ^ CONSIST OF SHORTHORN CATTLE Of BOOTH blood. Bulls have been hired from Warlaby for many years. FIELD-MARSHALL 47870, bred at Sittyton, Aberdeenshire, is now in service. HEREFORD CATTLE Descended from HORACE 3877, and LORD WILTON 4740. Stud Bull, CONSTANTINE 9750 (by GROVE SRD 5051), bred by Mr. Arthur Turner, The Leen, Penbridge. DEVON CATTLE Of the most fashionable strains. The Young Stock are prin- cipally Sired by BARON GOLSONCOTT 1681. JERSEY CATTLE Descended from imported animals. PIGS Prince Albert's WINDSOR breed and the BERKSHIRE breed. The latter descended from the Stock of Mr. J. P. King, and Mr. Joseph Smith. Cattle and Pigs of the above breeds are usually on sale, suitable either for home breeders or export purposes. For Prices, Sc., apply to MR. W. TAIT, THE PRINCE CONSORT'S SHAW FARM, WINDSOR. BREEDERS' DIRECTORY. HIS ROYAL HIGHNESS rince of i^afc^, SANDRINGHAM, NORFOLK BREEDER OF SHORTHORN CATTLE Two distinct Herds. The one at Wolferton, adjoining the Station on the Great Eastern Railway, goes back to Booth origin. The principal Families are the COLD CREAMS, (from which spring the DIADEMS, winners of First Prize for Family Group at the Royal Show held at York, 1883) ; the SEEDLINGS, a very hardy cattle; the ZEALS from Lord Spencer; and PRIMULAS from Mr. Wood. The SIRES used have been from Warlaby and West Dereham, also BARON WOLFERTON 44387, a son of DUKE OF AOSTA 28356, and bred at Wolferton. The Babingley Herd, two miles from Wolferton, includes repre- sentatives of most of the Bates and Knightley families. Here are the KIRKLEVINGTONS, BARRINGTONS, BLANCHES, WILD EYES, HONEYS, SWEETHEARTS, and several branches of the Knightley families. The SIRE now at the head of the Herd is BARON OXFORD 18th 50830, third prize winner at the Royal Show at Preston, 1885. He was bred at Holker, and is of the purest Oxford blood, with a cross of the Duke of Connaught, and is leaving very fine calves. SOUTHDOWN SHEEP This Flock has now been established over 20 years, and has won numerous honours at the Royal and all the leading Shows, including Champion Prize for the best pen of Sheep at the Smithfield Show, in 1885. Sheep purchased from here by Mr. Leslie Coombs, secured the leading prizes in America a few >je>trz ago. Apply for further particulars— EDMUND BECK, SANDRINGIIAM. BREEDERS DIRECTOKY. Mr. DANIEL BUTLER'S COURT, LECHLADE, GLOUCESTERSHIRE, BREEDER OF PURE SHORTHORNS, Of the late Mr. WILLIAM ARKELL'S favourite milking strains. YOUNG BULLS SOLD ANNUALLY AT BINGLEY HALL. Butler's Court is one mile from Lechlade Station, (Oxford and Witney Brunch of the G.W.R.) MR. WILLIAM ARKELL, HATHEROP. FAIBFORD, GLOUCESTERSHIRE, Breeder of Shorthorn Cattle & Oxfordshire Down Sheep, Prince Frogmore's Seal 484.88, (sire of Petted Pansy and various other prize winners), hats been in service five years. Five First and One Second Prizes were won at Bingley Hall, in six years. 350 Oxfordshire Down Ewes are kept. Various Prizes have been won at the Royal, Oxfordshire, Royal Counties and Gloucestershire Shows. The Flock has also been success- ful in Canada Hatherop is Three Miles from Fairford, (E.'G.R.) Mr. GEORGE ASHBURNER. Low Hall, Rirlcby-in-Furness, Lancashire. PURE-BRED SHORTHORN CATTLE Of several good tribes. Lord Waterloo 5th 54661, and Duke of Chatsworth 54197, are the Sires at present in service. COWS, HEIFERS AND BULLS ON SALE. CATALOGUES ON APPLICAT.ON. Low Hall is less than one mile from KirJcby Station, on the Furness Railway, which joins the L. & N. W-R. at Carnforth, and five miles from Ulverstone and Dalton. Mr, Robert William Ashburner, Moreton Hous3, Wellesbourne, Warwick, BREEDER OF BATES DAIRY SHORTHORNS. BARRINGTON, FIDGET, GWYNNE, WILD EYES AND OTHER LEADING TBIBES, 3VTILIC IR, IE COIR, IDS Also BERKSHIRES, LARGE WHITES, & TAMWORTHS, from the best strains. Shorthorns and Pigs on sale, suitable for either home breeders or export purposes. Prices, &o., on application to the Owner. J'F ri. BREEDERS1 DLKJXTORY. Mr, Hugh Aylmer, WEST DEREHAM ABBEY, STOKE FERRY, NORFOLK. Breeder of BOOTH SHORTHORNS, OF THE BLISS, FAME, FLOWER, ANNA, CALOMEL AND G TRIBES. LONG WOOLLED SHEEP OF THE IMPROVED COTSWOLD BREED. UPWARDS OF 409 RAMS SOLD ANNUALLY. . ALSO BERKSHIRE PIGS OF THE BEST STRAINS, &c. The Herd and Flock can be seen at any time by appointment. Mr. C. H. BASSETT, PILTON HOUSE, BARNSTAPLE, DEVONSHIRE, BREEDER OF BATES CATTLE °f in<' Lr«nch"of the liarriniiton*. OLD DAISIES, AND GWYNNE TJIIBES. Lord Wildeyes 7th 53222, at the head of the Herd. -5TOTJ3STG- IB TJ X, L S O 3ST S -A. X, E . ALSO BREEDER OF SHROPSHIRE SHEEP. For particulars apply to the owner. Pilton House is one mile from Barnstaplc Station. Rt, Hon, EARL OF BECTIVE, M,P,, Underley Hall, Kirldjy Lonsdctle, BREEDER OF BATES CATTLE, OF THE Grand Duchess, Oxford, Princess, Kirklevington, Darlington, Red Rose, Gwynne, Old Daisy, and Underley Darling Tribes. GEAND DUKE 31st 38374, and the Duke Bull, ROWFANT DUKE OF LEICESTER 52013, at the head of the Herd. Underley is three miles from Kirkby Lonsdale Station, L. & N.W.K., (where 'bus from the town meets all trains), and jive from Arkholme, M.E. The Herd can be seen on application to MR. ROBERT ORMISTON, THE BAILIFF. HIIKKDEHS' DIRECTORY. MR. R. BLE POOL PARK, RUTHIN, BREEDER OF BATES CATTLE, OF THE OXFORD, BARRINGTON, WILD EYES BLANCHE, SURMISE, DARLINGTON AND ACOMB TRIBES. Lord Eosebery 51644 at the head of the Herd. YOUNG BULLS ALWAYS ON SALE. PRICES ON APPLICATION TO MR. BLEZARD. Pool Park is three miles from Ricthin Station on the L. <£ N. W. E. ME. E. BOTTEBILL, j, LOUTH BRKEDER OF OXFORDS, CAMBRIDGE ROSES, WATERLOGS, WILD EYES, OXFORD ROSES, BKVERLEY DUCHESSES, ACOMBS, LADY HILDAS, PKACH BLOSSOMS, OLD CHERRIES, GWYNNE PRINCESSES, WALNUTS, LADY FORTUNATE S. BEAU of OXFORD 50865 and EARL of SIDDINGTON 6th 51189 at the head of the Herd. ALSO BREEDER OF LINCOLN LONG WOOLLED SHEEP, A Flock of 500 Kwea, and Annual Ram Sales held. ALSO BREEDER OF THOROUGH-BRKD HORSES. The Breeding Stud consists of about 30 Mares, with QUICKLIME in Service. Pure Bred Stock of all description on sale suitable for export or home purposes. Prices, &*c., on application to Mr. Botterill. TatJiwell Hall is Four miles from Louth. MR. C. W. BRIERLEY, ROsEDALE, TENBURY, WORCESTERSHIRE BREEDER OF PRIZK SHORTHORNS, Including several descended from the Royal Winner, SNOWFLA ICE. THE CELEBRATED RUCKLEY 50398 AT THE HEAD OF THE HERD. A FEW PRIZE AND OTHER ANIMALS ALWAYS ON SALE Prices, £c., and to view the Herd, apply to the RnsedaJe is Srvni miles from Tcnbittv Station. n'ii. BREEDERS' DIRECTORY. T. W. CADMAN, IB .A. :LJ HL T IF i IE ID HD n _A_ m, nit , s n IE IF1 IF i IE m ID BREEDER OF D A.IRY SHORTHORNS. Sires purchased with the special object of keeping in liew the Milking Qualities. YOUNG BULLS AND FEMALES OF ALL AGES ON SALE. Prices, &c., and to view the Herd, apply to the Owner. Ballifield Hall is five miles from Sheffield MR. JOHN HENRY CASSWELL, LAUGTON, FOLKINGHAM, LINCOLNSHIRE, BREEDER OF BATES CATTLE Of the WATERLOO, KIRKLEV1NGTON, GWYNNE CHARMER, Mr. MAYNARD'S ROSAMOND, MASON No. 25 And Sir Charles KNIGHTLEY'S WALNUT TRIBES. HEYDON DUKE i7th 53002 at the head of Herd. Also breeder of LIZCsTOOXjILsr HLOHSTG- "WOOXjIjIEID SHORTHORNS AND SHEEP, SUITABLE FOR EXPORTATION ALWAYS ON SALE. For particular s apply to the Owner. Laugton is Four miles from Billingborough Station on the Great Northern Railway. MR, W. T, CHAMBERIaAYNE, Stoney Thorpe, Soutliam, Warwickshire, BREEDER OF CHERRY DUCHESS, CHARMER, CRAGGS, FIDGET, WILD EYES (LADY WORCESTER), OLD CHERRY, GWYNNE, RUBY, SERAPHINA, and other families ; and some very good Milking Cows from an old Pedigree Stock purchased from Mr. Ward, of Oxhill. CAMBRIDGE DUKE i8th (Herd book, vol. 31, page 513) at the head of the Herd. Also of s IH: ie, o IP s :HC i ie, IE From the flocks of Mr. Sheldon, Mr. Graham, Captain Townsend, Mr, Pulley, and Lord Willoughby de Broke. Stoney Thorpe is situated Two-miles-and-a-half from Southam Road Station (G. IV. R .), and Four tniles from Marion (N.W.R.), -where the herd and flock may be seen, and prices obtained on application to Mr. Sharp, at the Home Farm. Mr. J. P. CROSS, CATTHORPE TOWERS, near RUGBY, BHEEDER OF BATES SHORTHORNS Of the GWYNNE, CELIA, J., and other deep milking tribes. Also Of the most Fashionable Blood, either by or descended from such Sires as HONEST TOM (1105), LINCOLN (1350), CANUTE (2736), CASTERN (4304), ROYAL ALBERT (1885), GREAT BRITAIN (977), BLACK LEGS (1461, and CANDIDATE (2405), &c., &c. Apply, F. Campbell, Home Farm, Catthorpe, Rugby. Catthorpe Towers is Four Miles from Rugby, and Lilbourne Station {L.N^W, Railway) is on the Farm, BREEDERS' DIRECTORY. ?>. Mr. W, D, CRUDDAS, WYDON BURN, HKXHAM, BKEEDER OF SHORTHORNS, OF THE Wild Eyes, Waterloo, Lady Bird, & Gwynne Tribes. BTJX-.LS OIDsJ The Herd is kept at Causeway Hill, about One Mile from Hexliam Station. Mr, Alfred E, W, Darby, ADCOTE, LITTLE NESS, SHREWSBURY, BREEDER OF BOOTH CATTLE, OF THE VESPER, LEOPOLDINE, ©EORGIE, ANGUS GAIETY, KINGSFORT NANCY, GOLD 6REAM, AND BRAITHWAITE ROSE TRIBES. STUD BULL:-CZAR 49348, Of the Bliss or Broughton tribe. Breeder also of PEDIGREE BERKSHIRE PIGS, WINNERS AT ALL LEADING SHOWS. Adcote is Tivo-and-three-quarter Miles from Baschurch, (.r.W.R., and Seven-and-a-half from Shrewsbury. Telegraph Office — Nesscliff. THE HEED CAN BE VIEWED BY APPOINTMENT. Mr. H. DENNIS DE VITRE, X.TOZsT IHIOTJSIE, W -A. IsT 1: A. Gh E . BREEDElt OF PURE BRED SHORTHORNS, Of the following tribes: — SIDDINGTONS. WILD EYES, BLANCHES, OLD DAISIES, BARMPTON ROSES, MADALINES, and CHAFFS. GERALD 3rd 46419, brei by Mr. J. H. Casswell, of Laughton, and DUKE of DARLINGTON nth 52756 (a grandson of the 4500 guinea Duke of Connaught 33604) are the Sires in the Herd, Ckarltou House is Two-and-a-half miles distant from Wantage Road on the G. IV. Railway. BREEDERS DIRECTORY. His Grace the DUKE of DEVONSHIRE, K.B. HLA-XjILi, BREEDER OF BATES CATTLE OF THE Duchess, Grand Duchess, Oxford, Winsome & Lally Tribes. DUKR OF BARRLXG-TON 13th (40191), GRAND DUKE OF HOLKEli (529153), and BARON OXFORD 2Cth (5390(5) are at the head of the Heid. Holker is Half-a-mile from Cark Station on the Furness Railway. The Herd cau be seen on application to Mr. DREWUY. MR. E. ECHO YD, LOW HOUSE, AKM ATHW A TTE, CUMBERLAND, BREEDKK OF B A. T E S CAT T L B , Of the BARRINGTON (Ladv Bates and Lady Harrington loth Branches). WATERLOO POLLY GWYNNE, and BARMPTON ROSE tribes. DUKE of OXFORD 72nd 51143. bred at Holker, and THORNDALE'S WATERLOO DUKE at the head of the Herd. Low House is Two miles from A-rmat/nuaite Station (M.R.), and Nine from Carlisle (L. &• N. IV. R., and N. B. R ) The Herd can be seen on application to Mr. J. Johnston, at Low House Farm. Young Bulls and a few Heifers generally on Sale suitable for exportation. Mr. ISAAC N. EDWARDS, SO?. J± Xj B J± IfcT S , HIEIR/TS. BREEDER OF PURE BRED SHORTHORNS YOU2STG- Daily Milk Register kept. Prices. &c., on application to the Owner. The l'*arm is ivitliiit a mile of tlic London, and North IVcston Station at St. All'aiis. BREEDERS DIRECTORY. The Lord Egerton of Tatton, IP_A.:R,:K:, -CUE BREEDER OF D AIRY GAT Of both Pure and many Cross Breeds. Young Heifers and Bulls, both pure and cross bred from good Dairy Cows, always in stock for sale. Tatton Park is Twelve miles from Manchester. Particulars from John T. Smith, Land Agent. Mr. «J. S. EGGI1MTO1M. The Elms, Kirk Ella, Hull, BREEDER of PURE-BRED SHORTHORNS Of Bates and Booth blood. LORD OF HOUGOMONT and 49950, a highly-bred Waterloo Bull, at the head of the Bates herd Young Bulls, and Cows, and Heifers always on sale, suitable for home purposes or exportation. For Prices, &c., and to view the Herd, apply to the Owner. The Elms is within a mile of Willerby and Kirk Ella, on tlie Hull, Batnsley and West Riding Junction Railway. MB. EDWIN ELLIS, Summersbury Hall, Shalford, Guildford, SOUTHDOWN SHEEP Of the purest blood. Full Pedigrees kept. First Prizes at all leading Shows in 1887. And .£350 taken in Prizes during past twelve months. Great size combined with quality. Summersbury is within Ten minutes' walk of Shalford, and Two miles from Guildford on the South Eastern Railway. MR, H, J. EVANS, GREENHILL, WHITCHURCH, CARDIFF, BREEDER OF DESCENDANTS OF Mr.' Bowly's MUSICALS, Col Kingscote's HONEYS, Mr. R. Stratton's MERRY MAY, Mr. Mason's No. 25, Mr. Stone's STONELEIGH DUCHESS and Marquis of Bute's DUCHESS. Young Bulls and a few Heifers usually on Sale, suitable for exportation or home purposes. Greenliill is Two miles distant from Llandaff (Taff Vale Railway J and Llanishen (Rhymney Railway / and Four miles from Cardiff, where alt Trains Stop. xii. BREEDERS' DIRECTORY. MESSRS. EVANS, UFFINGTON. SHREWSBURY, Breeders of Bates Cattle, OF THE WATERLOO (which produced Lady Oxford Waterloo 5th, the Royal winner at Newcastle, in 1887), WILD EYES, DARLINGTON, CRAGGS, BLANCHE, CHARMER, SWEETHEART, ROSY, & OLD DAISY TUIBES. CAMBRIDGE DUKE 2Oth 54O03, IN SERVICE. Also BREEDER OF SHROPSHIRE SHEEP, Of the most fashionable blood. Annual Ram sales held July 25th, by Messrs. Lythall, Mansell and Walters, at which Rams have realized 200 and 170 gs. each, and Bristol Duke 283 was let in 1881 and 1882 for 185 gs. to Mr. John Darling. During the time the Flock appeared in the show yard, numerous prizes were won at the Royal Shows. Shorthorns and Sheep of all ages, suitable for export purposes. To view the Herd and Flock, and for prices apply to the owners. Uffington, is three miles from Shrewsbury. MR, HENKY FAWCETT, Old Bramhope, Leeds. PURE BRED SHORTHORN CATTLE, DESCENDED FHO1I Mr. Booth's ANNA, FAREWELL, and OWN SISTER TO ISABELLA ; Lady Pigot's MILDRED ; Mr. Crofton's LEOPOLDINE ; Mr. B. Wilson's KHIRKEB ; Mr. Jonas Webb's CELIA, and Mr. Langston's DAISY tribes. Old- Bramhope is one-and-a-quarter miles from Pool, and two miles from, Arthington Stations, N.E.B. Mr. I\ JL & FQLJAMBE, OSBERTON HALL, WORKSGP, BREEDER OP BOOTS CATTLE, OF THE BRIGHT, FAREWELL, GEORGIE, MISTRESS MARY, PAULINE, aad W. Tribes, in addition to descendants of Nos. 27 13 and 54 Chilton Sale. BONNIE STUART 52532, bred at Killerby, and C.ESAR AUGUSTUS 50941, bred afc Ballywater, at the head of the Herd. TO VIEW THE HERD AND FOR PRICES APPLY TO MR. BLAIR. Osberton is three miles from Worksop and four miles from Retford Station^ on the Great Northern &> Manchester, Sheffield &° Lincolnshire Railway. BREEDERS7 DIRECTORY. .lilt. MR, S, P, FOSTER, Killhovv, Mealsgate, Carlisle, BREEDER OF BATES CATTLE, OF THE Duchess, Wild Eyes (pure), Waterloo, Ghvynne and Charmer tribes. Bulls in Service, Duke of Leicester 6th 49461, and Thorndale Duke 4th 55133. Killhow is 2 miles from Mealsgate on M. and C. Railway and 17 from Carlisle. YOUNG BULLS AND A FEW HEIFERS G-F.NEKALLY ON SALE. MR. GEORGE FOX, IE T_, ;MI IH: TJ IR, s T IET ^ IL T_J , IE, i c :HE IF" i IE JL ID , BREEDEK OF OF THE BARRINGTON, IURKLEV1NGTON, BED ROSE, CHERRY DUCHESS, WILD EYES DARLINGTON, and G WYNNE Tribes. BULLS IN SERVICE— LORD BARRINGTON, BATES. 45063, WATERLOO DE BREOS 2nd 53820, and OXFORD DE VERE 9th 54768. Elmlnirst is Three miles from the Trent Valley, and Two from the City Stations, Lichfield, and is on the Main L. & N. W. Line from London to the North, and between Birmingham and Derby. The Herd can be seen any time on application to Mr. A. F. Fox, Elmhurst Hall. SHROPSHIRE SHEEP OF THE FINEST BLOOD. Sires used from the noted flocks of Messrs. J. Beach, T. J. Mansell, Sir It. Lodcr and J. Darling. IirsTSIFIECTIOiT OF THE FLOCTC IS IZCsTVITIEID. MR, A, S, GIBSON, Spring-hill, Bulwell, Notts, BKEEDEB, OF BATES CATTLE OF THE CAMBRIDGE ROSE (Thorndale and Heydon branches) WATERLOO, QUEE1N, CHARMER, GWYNNE Tribes, &c. WATERLOO COUNT 4th 53813 at the head of the Herd. Also of Pedigree Shropshire Sheep and Berkshire Pigs, To which numerous Prizes have been awarded. XIV. BREEDEES' DIRECTORY. Mr. Geo. Graham, BREKDKR OF PUEE BRED SHORT-HORN CATTLE, OF THE WILD EYES, FOGGATHORPE, POLLY GWYNNE. CHARMER, WALNUT and CLEOPATRA Tribes. TORPEDO 52248, of Mr Bates' Wild Eyes tribe, at the head of the herd. Also BREEDER OF SHROPSHIRE SHEEP, From the best flocks. Many prizes won at the Royal and Smithfield. Shorthorns and Sheep of all ages on sale. Prices &c. on application to the owner. The Oakland* is \yz miles from Acocks Green Station (G.W.R.) and between 3 and 4 from Birm high a>n. MR. WILLIAM GRAHAM, Eden Grove, Ki.rkbyth.ore, near Penritli, BREEDER OF BOOTH CATTLE. The herd can be seen on application to the owner, and for pedigrees of females, see the annual edition of the Herd Book. The milking properties of the cows are particularly attended to, and a register of daily yield kept. Eden Grave is within a short walk of Kirkbythore Station, on the Eden Valley Railway. Mir. IT. R. GRAHAIYI, YARDLEY STUD FARM, near BIRMINGHAM. BREEDER OF FOGGATHORPES, J.'s AND KNIGHTLBTS Selected for their great milking properties and sound constitutions. LAUGHTON DUKE 7th 51513, in service. Also BREEDER OF THOROUGHBRED HORSES. STEELING stands at the Stud. Shropshire Sheep of the best strains of blood. STOCK, SUITABLE FOR EXPORTATION, ALWAYS ON SALE. The above may be viewed, and prices obtained, on application to the Owner. The Yardley Stud Farm is only half-a-mile from Stechford, L. & |N. W. R., where most of the Express Trains stop, and four from Birmingham. BREEDERS' DIRECTORY. xv. Mr. T. IX GRISSELL, NORBURY PARK, DOKTttNG, BUEKDEH OF PURE BRED SHORTHORN DAIRY CATTLE OV THE DARLINGTON, KIRKLEVINGTON, GWYNNE and other tribes. Leatherhead, forty minutes by rail from London, is the nearest station, the Home Farm being but a mile distant. COLONEL GUNTER, MR, Wetherby Grange, Wetherby, Yorkshire, BREEDER OF BATES SHORTHORNS, OF THE DUCHESS, WILDEYES, WATERLOO, BLANCHE, FOGGATHORPE, DARLINGTON, ACOMB, MISS BKVERLEY, AND OTHER TKIBES. Young Bulls, Cows and Heifers always on Sale. Duke of Tregunter 10th, and Duke Waterloo 52798 now in use. Wetherby Grange Farm is a quarter-of-a-raile from Wetherby Station, North Eastern Railway. The Herd can always be seen, and prices ascertained, on application to Mr. H. Taylor. MR. THOMAS HANDS, Breeder of Shorthorns, Kept in natural condition and solely for Dairy purposes, including following Tribes — OXFORD, KIRKLEVINGTON, CHERRY DUCHESS, DARLINGTON, WILD EYES, CRAGGS, GWYNNE. DUCHESS NANCY, STATIRA, FUSCHIA, MISS PEARL AND LAVENDER FAMILIES. CAMBRIDGE DUKE 22nd 54064 at the head of the Herd. Young Bulls and a few Females usually on Sale. Prices on application to the Owner. Canleij is Ttvo wiles from Coventry (L. & N. W. Railway.} awl. BREEDERS' DIRECTORY. MR. J. HARRIS, Calthwaite Hall, Carlisle, Breeder of Bates Cattle OF Till? OXFORD, SURMISE, G WYNNE, OLD DAISY, SONSIE, BENSON, and other Families. DUKE of HOLKBR 7th 49456, a son of Baron Oxford 7th and Lally 15th, at head of herd. Calthwaite Hall is Half-a-mile from Calthwaite Station fL. & N. W. Railway.} MR. CHARLES HOB BS, Maisey Hampton, Fairford, Gloucestershire, Breeder of Shorthorns and Oxfordshire Down Sheep. The Herd contists ofioo /teat/, one-third belonging to the late Mr. Bowly's favourite Musical tribe. Bulls in Service —Devonshire 47686, Duke of Brunswick 51 109, bred by the late Lord Hindlip, and Thorndale Duke 3rd 53754, bred by Mr. A. H. Lloyd. Bulls and fteifers always on Sale. The Flock comprises 300 Oxfordshire Down Ewes. Annual Sale of Rams, First Tuesday in A ugust, at Cirencester. Inspection Invited. Sheep always on Sale. Maisey Hampton, Three-and-a half miles from Fairford, East Gloucestershire Railway. Messrs. WILLIAM HOSKEN and SON, LOG-GANS MILL, HAYLE, CORNWALL, BREEDERS of PURE-BRED SHORTHORN CATTLE, GRAND DUKE 34th 41642, bred hy Earl Bective, Underley Hall, and GRAND DUKE OF OXFORD 5th 43318, bred by Lord Penrhyn, Penrhyn Castle, are now used in the Herd. Numerous Prizes have been taken at the Royal, Bath and West of England and other County Shows. Also Breeders of Pure-Bred Leicester and Oxford Down Sheep, and Berkshire Pigs. For particulars apply to Mr. S. Hosken. ~~ ~ MR. J. HOWELL, C3-R/BB1T IF .A. :R/ JVE, O -A. IR, ID I IF IF, BREEDER OF BLANCHES, OLD DAISIES, Mr. Stratton's MOSS ROSE, and MERRY MAT Families. BARON OXFORD 3rd 42737 (preriously used by Mr. C. H. BASSETT) stands at the head of the Herd. Young Bulls and Females on Sale suitable for exportation. Prices, <£c., on application to the Owner. Tlie Green Farm is 4 miles from Cardiff, and 1 mile from St. Fagan's Station. BREEDERS DIECTORT. XVII. MR. T. R. HULBERT, North Cerney, Cirencester, BREEDER OF SHORTHORN CATTLE, Principally of STRATTON BLOOD, M^Y FLY 51739, bred by Mr. R. Stratton from that wonderful dairy cow, MERRY MAY, winner of sc many prizes, at the head of the herd. YOUNG BULLS AND HEIFERS ALWAYS ON SALE. Also breeder of pure bred Cotswold & Shropshire Sheep. Earns & Ewes on Sale during the Season. North Cerney is four miles from Cirencester, (G.W.R.) COL. MUTTON, GATE BURTON HALL, GAINSBOROUGH, Breeder of PUREBRED SHORTHORNS A large portion of which have been on the Estate for over half a century and are descended from Earl Spencer's Tragedy, Sir Charles Knightley's Sweethearts, Mr. Lawford's Seraphinas, Mr. Maynard's Rosamonds and Lord Feversham's Laurels are also in the herd. YOUNG BULLS and a few COWS and HEIFERS always on Sale, suitable for exportation. PRICES, &c. ON APPLICATION TO THE OWNER. Gate Burton Hall is one-and-a-half miles from Stoic Park Station on the G.N. & G.E. Railway. REV, R. B KENNARD, Marnhull Rectory, Blandford, Dorsetshire, BREEDER OF Of the celebrated prize winning QUEEN, LADY MARNHULL, and BLOSSOM families. Also LAVENDERS, NIOBES, from Stoney Lane, in addition to FOGGATHORPES and KNIGHTLEY ROSES. FOGGATHORPE PRINCE 2nd 52890 at head of the herd. YOUNG- BULLS and a few FEMALES generally for Private Sale. To View the herd and for prices apply to the owner. .mil. BUKFDERS DIRECTORY. Mr. J. I. DUNNINGTON-JEFFERSON, T ~E3Z I G 1C IE T JP IR, I O IR, "Y~ , ~Y~ O IR, 1C , OLD KSTABLISHKH HKRD OF BATES PURE-BRED SHORTHORNS, CHIEFLY OF Waterloo Princess, Kirklevington, lied Rose, Gwynne and Channel1 Ti-ibes Bulls in Service— Cambridge Duke 16'h -19218, and Duke of Charmingland 46th Champion Bull at .Birmingham Sale and Show, Ib87. Also a Stud of Pure shirj Bred Horses, Stallion, Toddington Dan 4116. Apply to -Mr. ])o\vson. Farm Bailiff MR. H. PERRY-KEEN E, Rowfant, Ciauley, Sussex, BREEDER OF PURE-BRED SHORTHORN CATTLE, Of the SUEMISE, CELIA, VESTRIS, and other Tribes. DB^TIES STIR IBS Z3ST S IB IR "V I C E . Also of HAMPSHIRE DOWN SHEEP FROM THE BEST STRAINS. Numerous Prizes won by the flock, including. First, Third and Reserve at the R. A. 8. E. Meeting, at Newcastle, in 1887. Prices, &c., on application to the Owner. Rowfant is Ten minutes walk from Rovvfant Station, and Two-and-a-half miles from Three Bridges, London, Brighton and South Coast Railway. COL, KINGSCOTE5C.B.5 Kingscote Park, Wotton-under-Edge, Breeder of Bates Cattle OF THE KIRKLEVINGTON, DARLINGTON, BARRINGTON, RED ROSE, HONEY, LADY BATES. BICKERSTAFFK. GEORGIAN A, SURMISE, SERAPHINA, PLACE and WALLFLOWER Tribes. LORD WELLINGTON 6th 53239 at head of the Herd. Prices, <£'c.,on application to Mr. J. Peters. MR. GEORGE LEWIS, Ercall Park, near Wellington, Salop, BREEDER OF BATES CATTLE Of the CHARMER, CRAGGS, SWEETHEART, WATERLOO and other Tribes. Cherry Prince 7th 54051, winner of seven prizes^ stand* fit the head of the herd. Also Shire-Bred Horses, Shropshire Sheep, and Lar ^e Yfliite Pigs, all bred from winners. Inspection invited, and prices on application to owner. Ercall Park is -2% miles from Crudgington Station, on G. W.R., 7 miles from Wellington, and 8 miles from Shrewsbury. BREEDERS DIRKCTORY. Mr. Herbert Xieney, BLACKLANDS, EAST MALLING, KENT, BREEDER OF BATES SHORTHORNS, (of the Grand "Duchess, Harrington, Kirklevington, Waterloo, Cambridge Rose, Cherry Duchess, Lady Worcester, Darlington, Charmer, Blanche, and G icy tine tribes.) ROWFANT GRAND DUKE 22014, a son of the 4,500 guinea Duke of Connaught. 33604, and Mr. R. E. Oliver's GRAND DUCHESS 32nd, stand at the head of the Herd. Young Bulls and Cows and Heifers suitable for exportation always on Sale. The Herd is kept at Hall Place Farm, 1 mile from Banning Station (Lom Boxmoor Siation (L,&*N. W.R.) Prices &*c. on application to Mr, Patterson. MR. C. MAGNIAC, BREEDER OF Blanches, Crfu/f/s, l^idyets, Gwijnnes, Honeys, Walnuts, • 8 mill's from Baubury, on L. & N. W., and G. \Y . R., and 5 from Hook Norton Station, on G. W. li. BREEDERS DIRECTORY. MR, GEORGE SCOBY, BE AD LAM GRANGE, JVAWTOJV, YORKSHIRE, BREEDER OF BATES CATTLE Of the THOIiNDALE ROSE, WATERLOO, EMPRESS of YETHOLME, and ELLEN Families. Also of CLEVELAND BAYS, of the purest and best blood in Cleveland. Also BERKSHIRES, from the leading Herds in England. Beadlatn Grange is one mile from Naiuton Staticn, on the North Eastern Railway. Inspection invited and Stock always on sate suitable for export purposes, or home breeders. IVIr. Humphrey Smith, MOUNTMELLICK, IRELAND, BREEDER OF BOOTH CATTLE, Of a very high class, including descendants of Bright Amia, Farewell, Fame, Madaline, Torr's Flowers, G.'s, W.'s. Heath Rose, and Corn Cup tribes, also the noted Victoria, Blossom and Gvvynne tribes. Lord Provost 46697, H ans Brietman 41655, and Boreas 45991, at the head of the herd. Several first prizes have been taken at Royal Agricultural and Royal Dublin Society's Shows. For the past ten years numerous sales have been made of bulls and heifers for North and South America. The herd is kept at Castlebrack farm, two miles from Geashill Station, six from Mountmellick, and fifty from Dublin (G. S. & VV. R.) MR. GEORGE STEPHENS, Heathermead, Woodford, near Berkeley, Gloucestershire. Breeder of Bates Shorthorns, KIRKLEVINGTON, BLANCHE, FURBELOW, OLD DAISY, AND CHAFF TRIBES MARQUIS OF KIRKLEVINGTON 3rd 53277, heads the herd. Woodford, 3£ miles from Berkeley Road Station, Midland Railway. MR, PETER STEVENSON, Dingley Grange, Market Harborough, BREEDER OF BATES CATTLE Of the WILD EYES (two branches), LILY BELLS, FROLICS, GWYNNES, and COWSLIPS. Bates Sires of approved tribes always in service. The Lily Bells, Cowslips, and one of the Branches of the Wild Eyes were obtained from the late Mr. C. W. HAUVEY. Young Bulls and a few Cows and Heifers usually on J* ale, suitable for either export or home purposes. Diuyley Grange is three miles from Market Harborough. BKEEKEKS DIRECTORY. XXIX. MR. B. STRATTON, THE UUiTRYN, NEWPORT, MON., BREEDER OF PURE BRED SHORTHORNS, Six Champion Female Prizes at Smithfield won by Heifers of Stratton blood 'luring the last twelve years. Warlaby Bull FITZ MOWBEAY 49591 now in service. Bulls and Heifers on Sale. . Tlie Duffryn is two miles from Marshfield Station and four from Newport. Messrs. 8UTTON & STANLEY, Thurlaston, Rugby, BREEDERS OF BATES AND KNIGHTLEY CATTLE Of theACOMB, BARRINGTON, BLANCHE, CELIA, CHARMER. CHERRY DUCHESS, DARLINGTON, GEORGINA, ULY BELL, ROSY WALNUT, and WATERLOO Tribes. GRAND DUKE 35th 41643 and WILD DUKE of GENEVA 26th 53862 at the head of the Herd, Also Breeders of BOOTH CATTLE of the famous BRIGHT Tribe. Voting Bulls and Heifers on Sale at moderate prices, for exportation or otherwise, by applying to the Bailiff. Thurlaston. where the herd may be seen, is one mile from Dunchurch Station and four from Rugby, where all trains stop. MR, GEORGE THOMPSON, WROXALL, WARWICK, BREEDER OF PURE BRED SHORTHORNS Of the OLD DAISY, GWYNNE, KNIGHTLEY WALNUT, & KINGSCOTE HONEY families. ALSO SHROPSHIRE SHEEP Descended from the flocks of Lord Chesham, Sir Robert Loder, Bart., Messrs- G- Graham, J. Beech, and other leading breeders. Also large WHITE PIGS descended from the Stock of the Earl of Ellesmere, Mr. Walker Jones, and Mr. Ashforth. Shorthorns, Shropshires, and Pigs are generally on Sale at reasonable prices, suitable for Cither home breeders or exportation. For particulars and to view, apply to the owner. Wroxall is two miles from Hattou Junction (G.W.R.) Mr. JOHN THOMPSON, Badminton, Chippenha/n i, BREEDER OF BATES CATTLE, OF THE DARLINGTON AND BARRINGTON TRIBES. The Kirklevington Bull, LAUGHTON DUKE 5th 51512 is at present in service. Badminton is ten miles from Chippenham Station on the G.W. Railway, and seven from Yate on the Midland Railway. XXX. "HP-HI w Tiiwi KNAPTON" HALL, Rillington, YORKSHIRE, BREEDER OF PUKE EKED SHOHTHORNS, Descended from the late Mr. Samuel Wiley's BLOOM, INTEGRITY, MISS SPEARMAN and WHITE ROSE 2nd. Mr. Bruere's Sampler 35466; Sir Cyprian 40700, and Astral Prince 39386, have been used by the Owner. Warlock 53809, a son of Mr. Ackers' Royal Gloucester 4552r> from Wave of the Ocean, and Merryman 2nd 54719, bred at Killerby, of the famous Hecuba tribe, are now in service. A FEW YOUNG BULLS USUALLY FOR SALE. To view the Herd and for particulars apply to the Owner. if SHERBORNE, NORTHLEACH, CHELTENHAM, BREEDER OF PURE BRED SHORTHORN CATTLE, OF THE RUTH, PYE, LADY MAYNARD, and MARCHIONESS OF WATERLOO Tribes. Sires used— GENERAL CLARENCE 2nd 23690; DUKE op WATERLOO 3rd 238)1; and DUKE OP MONMOUTH 44693. YOUNG BULLS AND HEIFERS, SUITABLE FOR EXPORTATION ALWAYS ON SALE. Sherborne is five miles from Bourton-on-the- Water, (G-.W. R.) ME. W. TEETHEWY, Treegoose, Protons, Cornwall, Breeder of PURE BRED SHORTHORNS, Entirely descended from Ruth 1st, bought at Lord Sherborne's sale in 1848. The sires in late years have included M. C. 31898, [Wallenstein 39277, Crcesns 30820, hired from Killerby; Viscount Lismore 42557, bred by Mr. J. Downing ; and Star of Britain 48786, bred by Mr. W. Talbot Crosbie. A few females, in addition to younger bulls, generally on sale, suitable for exportation. Treegoose is \\ miles from Grampound Road Station (Cornwall R&iltc'iy), and 6j miles from Truro. BREEDER'S DIRECTORY. fl. jmjSJSEY VIVIAN, PARK LE BREOS, SWANSEA, BREEDER OF GRAND DUCHESSES. OXFOKDS (descended from the famous cow Baroness Oxford 5th) WATKULOOS, WILD EYES, DARLINGTONS, GAZELLES, ROSES OF S HA ROM, and a number of deep milking pedigree shorthorns, selected at the sale of the late Mr. Arkell of Dudgrove. Park le Breos is 9 miles from Sivansea (which is 6% hours run from London on the G. W. jft., and the same from Liverpool on the L. & N. W. R.), and 5 miles from Killay Station (L. & N. W. R.) MR. THOMAS EADES WALKER, Studley Castle, Warwickshire. BREEDER OF THOROUGH-BREDS HUNTERS, and SHIRE-HORSES, Pure Bred SHORT- HORNS, SHROPSHIRE DOWN SHEEP, and TAM- WORTH PIGS. Manager, Mr. Beattie, The Castle Farm. Studley, to whom all applications should be- made. The Farm is two miles from Studley Station, Midland Railway. MR. & WALKER, Fox Hollies Hall, Near Birmingham, SHORTHORNS descended from the best Bates families. HORSES of both the HUNTER and CART classes. Old English MASTIFF DOGS, descended and bred from prize pedigree stock. For particulars apply to Mr. WALKER, Junior, Fox Hollies Hall, Nr. Birmingham. Telegraph Office, ACOCK'S GREEN. Mr THOMAS WILLIS, Manor House, Carperby, Beclule, Breeder of Booth Cattle, Of Ceiling's RACHKL LILY, ROSE, and MAIU OF MASIIAM Tribes. The Warlaby Hull Royalist 520kJ, at the head of the Herd. This herd has produced those famous prize winners Baron Crossley 19269. Hose of Lucknow, Royal Windsor, •2i>tf:m. Bride of Windsor. Koyal Bride. Rear Admiral 37310, Vice Admiral 39J57, &e. The Young Bulls and a few of the Cows and Heifers, are always for sale. For Catalogues. &c., apply to the Owner. Also breeder of WENSLEYDALE LONU- \\OOLLEU SHKEP. Postal Telegraph Office— Aysgarth Station (N.E. R.) within a mile of the homestead. xxxii. BREEDERS' DIRECTORY. Mr. Christopher W. Wilson, Rigmaden Park, Kirkby Lonsdale, BREEDER OF SHORTHORNS BULLS ALWAYS FOR SALE, CHIEFLY OF BOOTH BLOOD. Bulls in use: EULINQ POWER, bred at Killerby, PENDKAGOX 2nd, bred at Underley, and GrAY LAD, bred at Rigmaden. Also for the use of the public, Pony Stallions— SIR GEOR(i K 668, winner of First Prize at Royal Eight times; LITTLE WONDER 2nd 1(510, POMPET WONDER 1371, First and (Second Royal Show Newcastle, 1887. Hackney Stallion— LORD WATTON, dam that celebrated Mare, Lady Watton. by Star of the Eist, Several CLEVELAND BAY STALLIONS and PONIES ,,t all sexes and ages. TAMWORTH PIGS— winners at Royal Show, Newcastle. "Rigmaden is Two miles from Barbou Station L. & N. W. Railway, and Seven miles from Oxeuholme. MR. H. W. WORSLEY-TAYLOR, Whalley, Blackburn, BREEDER OF BATES CATTLE Of the WATERLOO, WILD EYES, DUCHESS NA3CY, FAXTAIL, GONZELLI, OLD DAISY, SWEETHEART, and other tribes. LORD OSWALD 53195, bred by Col. Gunter, M.P., at tbe Head of the Herd. Youn<* Bulls and Heifers usually on Sale for export purposes. Prices, &c., on application to Mr. AIREY. The Home Farm is a mile from Whalley Station on the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway. WARWICK : I. T. COOKB AND SON, PRINTERS AND PUBLISHERS, HIGH STREET. THIS BOOK IS DUE ON THE LAST DATE STAMPED BELOW AN INITIAL FINE OF 25 CENTS WILL BE ASSESSED FOR FAILURE TO RETURN THIS BOOK ON THE DATE DUE. THE PENALTY WILL INCREASE TO SO CENTS ON THE FOURTH DAY AND TO $1.OO ON THE SEVENTH DAY OVERDUE. Book S15p-15m-8,'52(A2573s4)458 R4442 SF199 A*hhiiT.n«i._ LJL S5 horn heTds A? of England.