The Atlantic Barrier Reef Ecosystem at Carrie Bow Cay, Belize, III: New Marine Isopoda pn ES Sees * MARINE SCIENCES SERIES PUBLICATIONS OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION Emphasis upon publication as a means of “diffusing knowledge” was expressed by the first Secretary of the Smithsonian. In his formal plan for the Institution, Joseph Henry outlined a program that included the following statement: “It is proposed to publish a series of reports, giving an account of the new discoveries in science, and of the changes made from year to year in all branches of knowledge.” This theme of basic research has been adhered to through the years by thousands of titles issued in series publications under the Smithsonian imprint, commencing with Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge in 1848 and continuing with the following active series: Smithsonian Contributions to Anthropology Smithsonian Contributions to Astrophysics Smithsonian Contributions to Botany Smithsonian Contributions to the Earth Sciences Smithsonian Contributions to the Marine Sciences Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology Smithsonian Folklife Studies Smithsonian Studies in Air and Space Smithsonian Studies in History and Technology In these series, the Institution publishes small papers and full-scale monographs that report the research and collections of its various museums and bureaux or of professional colleagues in the world of science and scholarship. The publications are distributed by mailing lists to libraries, universities, and similar institutions throughout the world. __ Papers or monographs submitted for series publication are received by the Smithsonian Institution Press, subject to its own review for format and style, only through departments of the various Smithsonian museums or bureaux, where the manuscripts are given substantive review. Press requirements for manuscript and art preparation are outlined on the inside back cover. S. Dillon Ripley Secretary Smithsonian Institution —— ee SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES e NUMBER 24 The Atlantic Barrier Reef Ecosystem at Carrie Bow Cay, Belize, III: New Marine Isopoda Brian Kensley ISSUED NOV6 1984 ee PE seeaONs Sine press ac Sayers, © fp yma» SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION PRESS City of Washington 1984 : ABSTRACT Kensley, Brian. The Atlantic Barrier Reef Ecosystem at Carrie Bow Cay, Belize, III: New Marine Isopoda. Smithsonian Contributions to the Marine Sciences, number 24, 81 pages, 48 figures, 1984.—One new genus, Chalix- anthura, and twenty-four new species of isopods are described and figured. These include Chalixanthura scopulosa, Eisothistos petrensis, Accalathura setosa, Apanthura cracenta, Pendanthura hendleri, Cymodoce ruetzleri, Dynamenella quadrilirata, Paracerceis cohenae, Paracerceis glynni, Metacirolana agaricicola, Metacirolana halia, Metacirolana menziesi, Gnathia rathi, Astacilla regina, Ste- netrium bowmani, Stenetrium patulipalma, Stenetrium spathulicarpus, Bagatus punctatus, Angliera psamathus, Microcharon sabulum, Joeropsis bifasciatus, Joer- opsis personatus, Munna petronastes, and Microcerberus syrticus. Figures and/ or descriptions are also provided for Stenetrium minocule Menzies and Glynn, Stenetrium stebbingi Richardson, Joeropsis coralicola Schultz and McCloskey, and Joeropsis rathbunae Richardson. With a few exceptions, all material comes from the coral reef system at Carrie Bow Cay, Belize. Depth and ecological data, where available, are provided. OFFICIAL PUBLICATION DATE is handstamped in a limited number of initial copies and is recorded in the Institution’s annual report, Smithsonian Year. SERIES COVER DESIGN: Seascape along the Atlantic coast of eastern North America. Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Kensley, Brian Frederick. The Atlantic Barrier Reef ecosystem at Carrie Bow Cay, Belize, I1I—new marine Isopoda. (Smithsonian contributions to the marine sciences ; no. 24) Bibliography: p. Supt. of Docs. no.: SI 1.41:24. 1. Isopoda—Belize—Carrie Bow Cay—Classification. 2. Crustacea—Classification. 3. Crus- tacea—Belize—Carrie Bow Cay—Classification. I. Title. II. Series. QL444.M34K43 1984 595.3’72’097282 84-600999 Contents Page MOTO CLUE O MNase anon Com ens can cts is) SWew ccs ucaralsieus e a sce aes l PNGMOW EC COMMEMES ta Meera re pies eae sf ok AE ee ke tors D Suborder ANU RUDDA, cc cee ae ec iis ons Glasses ceo bse os oe Bhd sve 2 Fecrranilhy A beIVSS ORI AR Gu 0 emery oles © ue Sasee nel ey oun si eoslieee ele 5 wre) ee 2 CHARS OU UPE NAY (XTTUGS 5 455 5 BIG 515 6.6 86 Or arse Glo neces IRIE 2 Chalixanthunascopulosamew SPeEClGSe 4:6. eae 2 SE CIMUISUEUSOLILUSLO Spare Re a eee Ue ile Me a Uleviesy cai wo sate sees 6 PRUSOLMISLOS PELRCIUSUS MME WISPECIES). 102 WSS he ess 2s sores sale ch 6 ammilliya ARAN IRERORID AEN erste S\isressy spe ts cl cis eis sc ja aie ers ce Sete s 10 CAMNUS ACOH DY OUTS 5S BB Oe ae RON MON ie Aa 10 PACCONAUUNG SCLOSA, MEW, SPECIES He: te tsa ieha os LICReReyom © eno 4 10 Rca yee ANGIETORUDVANES syeyrscpr ys ata sp tgtgady o's tae ts tub cgaiouewrons 24 site 6) oa 13 (CENUS AVAMDY OVO ies csp honONe 8 Oe Re OTe to nee eae ne 13 PNP AIUUUNANCNACCHIG I CWRSDCCIES trae eus ei wey 8-1 eohe | pea 16a: 13 (GEMUISHR CNA AVEC eR Rein eee re mera ys Sretcouciisen,. sr aystieie fe Bat aon 0s 16 nCndanthunasena lerpennew, SPECIES-s 8-3. oe aie nee) 16 SMDOnG eka ME ABETIELERRVA ttn reece oe cern oni cihs y Wa AmMed at uses cava) Secu csnpsucd Ginernsp orcs 19 Ramil ASP EAE ROMAINE!) 12) sale ope coils seeped args lorcet oget ec) oeile uss 19 (Gemuisn Gy mod Occ eae ty Pn acces pe yeray, Spee eb cucu ale 19 CHWROUTE? TUAACIE INNIS VISES 65 65456 6.600 85 06 Se eee hae 19 (COMMS DIO ATAAOONID & stoKe Nel aw ahs. GRIN OS itis ene eee aed 23 Dynamenella quadrilirata, new species.................... 23 GEMUSHRANGCEN COIS HER eet Mie ty ete Liciice Neate ros tauar Seon roca pues a 26 /2OROCORIALS COMA. WAG J NTGES; 5 6.008.650 06.00500 00's GU eT 26 /PONRUCOTODS (AST Neg INES SOETES oOo Soe e ghee ooo OOO A ea eS 29 Rainnilya C UROL ANEDAR Weer et cus) beg tnee iit etiam ain|s steuor Spe leple 2ennst or cide 33 CenviseVictacinol ana mrewes on cereus cel MM Sistas DUE ghosrep y's 33 Mca cinolanaraganicicol anime w, SPECIES)-anas ewe ay ae eae 33 IMetacinolananhaliaamewaseClesirry sm ee a. re cuacre > ens: 36 WMetacirolana men Zest IEW, SPCClESt.. 1) hr eee. 39 Suborder GNAGHINMD Atte ces a) eee ae Bactns Suen Avene lew) wel a 43 amt ya GNA GEDDY AR emir Mes Ae). PURO ARR ENS (05.25 8) eile ie) ae ele « aS (ETISALAT 43, Catia athiwmewisPeClesi mia epee eh ea eer eos 43, SUDORGETAVIATE VIDE RAG ets et ten terrasse Me Sorts vot Binns 0 Hout ap tabta nem seane 45 ReammitlyeANR CaiWIRTD AE es sires osteo bailey fen Bates ieee cgoe eb, 2 a (Boel ay AS (GEMUSEASEA CI Gen Ree eae Sime Un a sh, aL tear armies silks 45 ASA CHILG MECING MING W, SPECIES! serene wise. Se eee cae 45 STO STANSER TD: Ojlp Ne epee ea oh: ean Simm Cert oat cpt tee ine aacaoyn 48 amily gy SiG NEURITD AR eres 5 eh SM Germ u eg lion. nator le). alaele shat «+ 48 iV SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES Genus Stenetriacnn iio osu Oiieee eeaketestan alee esis ae ee Stenetrium bowmant, MEW SPECIES Wires)... eeu eee eee Stenetrium minocule Menzies and Glynn................... Stenetrium patulipalma, new species...................--- Stenetrium spathulicarpus, new species.................-.. Stenetrum stebbingy Richajdsomiay..).> 2). 1 eee ee Family JANIRIDAR 23.2206 <5 5 Viiy eens ie Blok si our hee? ee tee Genus: Bagatusy jose: scopsse: aide ote teme Sesns Velen si cis lence tial hee eae Bagatus punctatus, new Speciess 2). -0))5. 9. 554+ ee Family MICROPARASELLIDAE. {)."502).0)).0..> 5. ce.s sin oc eee Genus: Angliera’) ir io Se Re ee sae Shanes ae Anglera psamathus, new SPECIES) =... ci. i eee Genus Microcharons... 00... «faye rakbioins ae eit en eee Microcharon sabulum, new species. 1.-)2: 3). nee Family JOEROPSIDIDAE (22/0... 22) 00" STN Oe) 2 0 a eee Genus! Joeropsts: 28 ee afte Seay. os, cael oie, 3) aeRO en) a Key tothe Species of Joeropsts); 2. 232) eee Joeropsts bifasciatus, new SpeCleS: 0.) s.. 2.) ee a een Joeropsis coralicola Schultz and McCloskey ................ Joeropsis personatus, mew Species. >). .).)... sari) -6- eee Joeropsis rathbunae Richardson). 2). )2 2... /)5 5 70ers Family, MUNNIDAE 0 00)5)6 020605, 015 beaas obisllalial oye) Als cea eee a Genus Munna ioe ce. 5 Sis = aia ye ote ohe eee rr Munna petronastes, Mew SpeGleS) = 25)... 1-1-5: eee Suborder MICROCERBERIDEA .. 60) 005 6. oa fo 0. | os es Family, MICGROCERBERIDAE (0).0002)55. ys cou. 2) ve co seolss see Genus MicrocerBberus 2) 0). /ci ee avail ete). oe. sen eae Microcerberus syrticus, MEW SPECIES 4). .))02\.....0-. 5 sens eee Literature Cited DOM OOn ONO NOCS JO. ON ONO Onn OOO) OO OGM Os Om Ol DD OO Oo OO oo Oo 48 48 5 52 55 59 61 61 61 64 64 64 66 66 68 68 68 68 70 70 13 73 8) 73 78 78 78 78 80 Introduction The Smithsonian Institution’s Investigations of Marine Shallow-Water Ecosystems program at Carrie Bow Cay, Belize, started in 1972. (For a ‘)full report on this program, see Rutzler and Macintyre, 1982.) From that time on, samples of | isopod crustaceans were accumulated, usually in- cidental to other projects. I started collecting at Carrie Bow Cay in 1978, with an initial interest in anthuridean isopods. Later, an ecological pro- |ject involving numerous quantitative samples || from the reef crest revealed a number of com- mon but undescribed species of isopods. It was eventually decided to identify all the Carrie Bow | isopod material and, in the course of this project, |even more undescribed species came to light, until a total of 24 new species had been recog- | nized. One reason that so many new species have been found at a single location is that much of the collecting was done with the aid of scuBA, allowing fine-scale sampling of microhabitats. In this area, Gordon Hendler of the Smithsonian Oceanographic Sorting Center, in particular, has _ produced many valuable samples incidental to | Brian Kensley, Department of Invertebrate Zoology, National | Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washing- | ton, D.C. 20560. | The Atlantic Barrier Reef Ecosystem at Carrie Bow Cay, Belize, III: New Marine Isopoda | Brian Kensley his echinoderm research. Other workers who provided useful samples include Anne Cohen, Kristian Fauchald, and Klaus Rutzler. The purpose of this paper is to record only the undescribed species from Carrie Bow Cay. In a few cases, it has been necessary to include de- scriptions and figures of earlier species, to resolve taxonomic tangles. Two new genera and seven new species from Carrie Bow Cay were previ- ously described in Smithsonian Contributions to the Marine Sciences, number 12 (see Kensley, 1982). The bulk of the material listed in the “Material Examined” sections comes from Carrie Bow Cay, Belize (16°48’N, 88°05’W). Specific data are provided for material from other localities. The collecting stations are provided with prefixes that indicate both the collector and his/her field sta- tion numbers; these prefixes and collectors are AC Anne Cohen CBC Klaus Rutzler F Kristian Fauchald H Gordon Hendler K __ Brian Kensley RC _ Brian Kensley (quantitative reef crest samples) All material has been incorporated into the Smithsonian Institution’s collection and given USNM catalog numbers. In the accompanying figures, a scale (in millimeters) is given only for the entire animal in dorsal view. 2 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES Other abbreviations used are jJuv(s) juveniles ovig ovigerous TL _ total length ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.—In addition to the col- lectors mentioned above, I am also very grateful to the many collectors of isopod material from Carrie Bow, who have not been specifically men- tioned. I would like to thank Klaus Rutzler, co- ordinator of the IMSWE project, for his help in making several of my collecting trips possible and for identifying sponge material and also Ted Bayer, who identified gorgonacean material. My thanks are due to a number of people who as- sisted me with fieldwork and collecting, including Marilyn Schotte (who also drew the whole-animal illustrations in Figures 21, 23, 30, and 38), Mi- chael Carpenter, Tony Rath, and David Russell. The tedious task of sorting hundreds of samples was carried out by Marilyn Schotte, Deborah Robertson, and Lee Benner, to whom I am very grateful. Dr. Jean Just, of the Zoological Mu- seum, Copenhagen, made the loan of type ma- terial possible. Three trips to Belize were made possible by Fluid Research Fund grants from S. Dillon Ripley, Secretary of the Smithsonian In- stitution. Drs. Thomas E. Bowman, Richard C. Brusca, and George D. Wilson read the manuscript. Their numerous comments led to an immeasur- ably improved paper, and I owe them my sincere thanks. This paper is contribution number 134 of the Smithsonian Institution’s Investigations of Ma- rine Shallow-Water Ecosystems. Suborder ANTHURIDEA Family HyssURIDAE Chalixanthura, new genus D1aGnosis.—Eyes present. Antenna 1, flagel- lum of 3 articles in female, 7 in male. Antenna 2, flagellum of 7 articles. Mandibular palp 3- articulate. Maxilliped of 7 articles; short endite present. Pereopod 1, propodus barely expanded, similar to pereopods 2 and 3. Pereopods 4—7 with triangular carpus. Pleopod 1 operculiform, both rami forming operculum. Pleonites 1-5 short, free; pleonite 6 free. Telson lacking sta- tocysts. TyYPE-SPECIES.—Chalixanthura scopulosa, new species, by present designation. COMPOSITION.—Chalixanthura scopulosa, new species. GENDER.—Feminine. REMARKS.—Of the group of hyssurids with pleonites 1-5 short and free, only Coralanthura and Panathura also have a maxilliped of seven articles and an endite and lack telsonic statocysts. Coralanthura, however, possesses a differentiated subchelate pereopod 1, 1.e., the propodus is ex- panded far more than in pereopods 2 and 3. Chalixanthura, by contrast, has pereopods 1-3 undifferentiated. Panathura is characterized by a larger maxillipedal endite than is seen in Cha- lixanthura, by the anterior three pereopods hav- ing peg-like or spine-like teeth on the propodal palms, and by having a more squat body form (7-8 times longer than wide; 13-14 times longer than wide in Chalixanthura). ETYMOLOGY.—The generic epithet is derived from the Greek chalix (pebble or rubble) plus the frequently used suffix -anthura. Chalixanthura scopulosa, new species FIGURES 1-3 MATERIAL EXAMINED.—Holotype: USNM 211200, non-ovig °, TL 2.5 mm, sta K-139, reef crest rubble, 0.1 m. Paratype: USNM 211201, 1 non-ovig 2, TL 2.0 mm, sta K-139, reef crest rubble, 0.1 m. Additional Material: Seventeen specimens, taken during a quantitative survey of reef crest rubble isopods, were used in the description of this species. Included in this batch were one submale and three males (TL 2.5 mm). These specimens have since been lost. DESCRIPTION.—Non-ovigerous Female: Body slender, about 13 times longer than wide. Inte- NUMBER 24 FIGURE 1.—Chalixanthura scopulosa, new species, 2: a, whole animal, dorsal view; b, antenna 2; c, antenna 1; d, mandible; e, maxilla; f, maxilliped; g, pleopod 1. gument thin, except for slightly indurate uro- pods and telson. Pigmentation: patch between eyes on dorsum of head; pereonites 1-3 with small middorsal anterior patch; pereonites 4—7 with pair of posterior submedian patches; pleon with pair of submedian longitudinal stripes; tel- son with double anterior patch; uropodal exopod with broad patch. Body proportions: C < 1 < 2 =3>4>5>6> 7. Head with tiny rostral point. Pleonites 1—4 short, subequal; pleonite 5 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES € FIGURE 2.—Chalixanthura scopulosa, new species, 6: a, whole animal, dorsal view; 6, antenna 2; c, antenna 1; d, pereopod 1; e, pleopod 2; /, mandible. NUMBER 24 e FIGURE 3.—Chalixanthura scopulosa, new species, ?: a, telson; b, uropodal endopod and basis; c, pereopod 1; d, uropodal exopod; e, pereopod 2; f, pereopod 7. 6 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 3 times length of pleonite 4; pleonite 6 twice length of pleonite 5, posterior margin with mid- dorsal notch. Telson elongate-ovate, widest pos- terior to midlength; posterior margin armed with 6 large teeth and 6 elongate plumose setae. Eyes well pigmented, dorsal. Antenna 1, basal peduncular segment longer than 2 distal seg- ments together; flagellum of 3 articles, penulti- mate article bearing 2 aesthetascs. Antenna 2, segment 2 longest and broadest; flagellum of 4 articles. Mandibular palp 3-segmented, segment 2 1% times length of segment 1; segment 3 length of segment 2, bearing 2 distal spines; incisor consisting of single broad cusp; lamina dentata of 5 teeth; molar small, rounded. Max- illa, exopod bearing 3 distal spines. Maxilliped 7- segmented (including fused basal segment); en- dite not reaching distal margin of segment 3, with single terminal seta. Pereopod 1, unguis almost equal in length to rest of dactyl, with strong accessory spine; propodus barely ex- panded, posterior margin straight. Pereopod 2, very similar to pereopod 1. Pereopod 7, propo- dus and triangular carpus each with short stubby dentate spine at posterodistal corner. Pleopod 1 operculiform, both rami forming operculum; basis with 3 coupling hooks; endopod slightly longer and 0.6 times width of exopod. Uropodal exopod margin bearing 10 strong teeth; endopod elongate-ovate, with 12 strong marginal teeth and few distal plumose setae; basis with several stout plumose setae on outer margin. Male: Head with eyes enormously expanded, both dorsally and ventrally. Pigmentation on per- eon stronger than in female. Pleonites 1-6 free, subequal in length, longer than in female. An- tenna 1, flagellum of 7 articles, all except termi- nal article bearing ring of aesthetascs. Mandibu- lar palp similar to female, rest of appendage reduced to rounded lobe. Pereopod 1, propodus more elongate than in female, with 3 strong sensory spines on or near posterior margin. Pleo- pod 2, exopod with transverse suture anterior to midlength; endopod with copulatory stylet artic- ulating near midlength of median margin, not overreaching distal margin of ramus. ETYMOLOGY.—The specific epithet is from the Latin scopulus (crest or ridge) and refers to the reef crest habitat of the species. Genus Eisothistos Haswell, 1884 Eisothistos petrensis, new species FIGURES 4-6 Eisothistos atlanticus.—Barnard, 1925:134 [not Vanhoffen, 1914:494]. PREVIOUS RECORDS.—St. James Bay, St. Thomas, West Indies, 10 m (5 fms) (as E. atlan- ticus). MATERIAL EXAMINED.—Holotype: USNM 211202, non-ovig 9, TL 4.0 mm, sta RC-94, reef crest rubble, 0.1 m. Allotype: USNM 211203, 6, TL 2.0 mm, sta RC-96, reef crest rubble, 0.1 m. Paratypes: USNM 211204, 4 6, TL 1.5-2.0 mm, 4 9, TL 2.0-4.3 mm, sta RG-91, RC-93, RC-97, RC-120, reef crest rubble, 0.1 m. Additional Material: USNM 211205, 10 9, 3 juvs, sta RC-8, RC-10, RC-40, RC-59, RC-94, RC-96, RC-99, RC-100, RC-119, reef crest rub- ble, 0.1 m. USNM 211206, 2 2, 2 juvs, sta K- 70a, K-139, K-150, reef rubble, 0.1-36.0 m. USNM 211207, 1 6, 4 9, 1 juv, sta H(80)-8, H(80)-31, H(80)-32, H(80)-39, H(80)-49, reef rubble, 0-15.0 m. USNM 211208, 4, 1 juv, sta H(81)-8, H(81)-12, H(81)-40, H(81)-41, 1-15.2 m. USNM 211209, 1 6, sta F-4, rubble, 0.25 m. USNM 211216, 1 non-ovig 2, Looe Key, Florida, coral rubble in spur and groove zone, 5—6 m. Copenhagen Museum Collection: 4 2, St. James Bay, St. Thomas, West Indies, 7 m, coll. T. Mortensen, 19 Dec 1905. DESCRIPTION.—Female: Body slender, wid- ening posteriorly. Integument anteriorly soft, be- coming indurate posteriorly. Head with lateral eyes consisting of 6 ommatidia each; frontal mar- gin between antennular bases gently convex. Rel- ative proportions of pereonites variable, but per- eonites 1-3 generally subequal, longer than per- eonites 4—7; latter decreasing in length poste- | NUMBER 24 FIGURE 4.—Eisothistos petrensis, new species, ?: a, mandible; b, maxilla; c, maxilliped; d, pleopod 1; e, uropodal protopod and endopod; f, uropodal exopod. 8 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES FIGURE 5.—FEisothistos petrensis, new species, 9: a, antenna 2; b, antenna 1; c, pereopod 1; d, pereopod 2; e, pereopod 7. riorly. Pleonites 1-5 short, pleonite 6 slightly | somewhat spooned; faint middorsal ridge ante- longer; pleonites bearing plumose lateral setae. _riorly. Telson with posterior margin faintly bilobed, Antenna 1, basal segment subequal in length margin strongly serrate; posterior half dorsally to segment 2, 14 times as wide; segment 3, 1% NUMBER 24 b if] Cc FIGURE 6.—Eisothistos petrensis, new species, 6: a, antenna 1; b, pereopod 1; c, pleopod 1; d, pleopod 2; e, pleopod 3. times longer than segment 2; flagellum of 6 articles, second article longest; single aesthetasc on articles 4 and 5. Antenna 2 with peduncle segment 5 2 length of segment 4; flagellum of 6 articles. Mandible consisting of single stout distally curved sclerotized structure. Maxilla sin- uous, with | large sclerotized spine and 5 smaller spines. Maxilliped slender, of 4 segments, termi- nal segment with 3 simple apical setae. Pereopod 1, carpus triangular; propodus relatively longer than in pereopods 2 and 3, posterior margin almost straight, with slender posterodistal spine; unguis 3 length of dactylus, with strong finely serrate accessory spine. Pereopods 2 and 3, ischia and meri with rounded peg-like spines on medial surface; carpi triangular, propodi with posterior margins straight, bearing strong striate poster- odistal spine; strong accessory spine of dactylus finely serrate. Pereopods 4—7 with carpi becom- ing more elongate, bearing strong serrate poster- odistal spine; propodi becoming more elongate posteriorly, posterior margin lined with fringed 10 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES scales, bearing strong striate posterodistal spine; unguis about half length of remainder of dacty- lus, with strong finely fringed accessory spine. Pleopod 1, rami fused, operculiform, slight distal slit indicating region of fusion, distal margin of fused endopod bearing fringed and simple spines between elongate plumose setae. Uropodal exo- pod elongate-oval, with margins strongly serrate, and strong acutely triangular process at about midpoint of outer margin. Endopod elongate- oval, margins coarsely serrate; both rami with broad hyaline margin; protopod with inner and outer distal margin serrate, with elongate plu- mose setae on ventral surface. Male: Generally shorter than female. Eyes enlarged, extending to ventral area of head, of about 12 ommatidia each. Antenna 1, flagellum of 9 articles, basal article with row of elongate aesthetascs, 5 distal articles, except terminal ar- ticle each with 1 or 2 aesthetascs. Mouthparts reduced, nonsclerotized. Pereopod 1, propodus with row of 11 serrate spines on mesial surface, strong posterodistal spine. Pleopod 1 rami not fused, narrow, each with 4 elongate plumose setae; pleopod 2 with strong saber-shaped copu- latory stylet articulating at base of, and extending beyond, endopod; latter longer than mesially broadened exopod; both rami with 4 elongate plumose setae on distal margin. Pleopod 3 en- dopod broadly oval, with 3 distal plumose setae; exopod 2 length and less than 2 width of en- dopod, bearing 4 plumose setae. Uropodal exo- pod narrower than in female, with strong acutely triangular process on outer margin. Telson nar- rower than in female, with middorsal ridge run- ning almost entire length. REMARKS.—Of the 11 described species of Eisothistos, six possess dorsally unarmed telsons, one of the easiest features to determine. Further comparison of telsons, along with other features, serves to separate E. petrensis from these six species. Eisothistos vermiformis Haswell, from Australia, has a distally truncate and crenulate telson. Eisothistos maledivensis Wagele, from the Mal- dive Islands, has a parallel-sided telson (i.e., not posteriorly flared); the uropodal endopod is more elongate, whereas the rami of pleopod 2 are relatively short and broad. Eisothistos anomala (Kensley), from Madagas- car, although having a telson very similar to E. petrensis, possesses a more oval and apically acute uropodal endopod and a distinctly bicuspid man- dible. Eisothistos moreirai (Pires), from Brazil, has a bicuspid mandible, a serrate posterior margin of the propodus of pereopod 1, and no indication of a fusion slit in pleopod 1 of the female. Eisothistos bataviae Kensley and Poore, from the Abrolhos Islands, has relatively short first and second antennae and strong movable spines on the anterolateral margins of the telson. Eisothistos minutus Sivertsen and Holthuis, from Tristan da Cunha, has relatively short first and second antennae and a bilobed uropodal endopod lacking a large spinose process. Fisothistos atlanticus Vanhoffen (1914) was de- scribed from the Cape Verde Islands. Vanhof- fen’s brief comments and figure are insufficient to define the species. Barnard (1925) recorded E. atlanticus from St. Thomas in the West Indies. Barnard’s material has been re-examined and found to be conspecific with E. petrensis. ETYMOLOGY.—The specific epithet, from the Latin for “among rocks,” refers to the habitat of E. petrensis, i.e., coral reef rubble. Family PARANTHURIDAE Genus Accalathura Barnard, 1925 Accalathura setosa, new species FIGURES 7, 8 MATERIAL EXAMINED.—Holotype: USNM 211210, ovig 2 (5 eggs in marsupium), TL 8.5 mm, sta RC-7, reef crest rubble, 0.1 m. Allotype: USNM 211211, 6, TL 7.0 mm, sta K-63, reef crest rubble, 0.25 m. Paratypes: USNM 211212, 7 6, TL 5.8-7.0 mm, | ovig 2, TL 7.3 mm, 12 non-ovig 9, 6 juvs, sta RC-91, RC-92, RC-93, reef crest rubble, 0.1 m. NUMBER 24 FIGURE 7.—Accalathura setosa, new species, ?: a, head and pereonite 1, dorsal view; 6, antenna 1; c, antenna 2; d, telson; e, mandible; f, maxilla; g, maxilliped; h, uropodal exopod; 7, pereopod 7; j, uropodal endopod and basis. 12 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES FIGURE 8.—Accalathura setosa, new species, 6: a, pereopod 1; 6, pereopod 2; c, pleopod 1; d, pleopod 2, 6. Accalathura crenulata (Richardson): e, pleopod 2, 6. NUMBER 24 Additional Material: USNM 211213, 6 6, 1 sub 6, 4 ovig 2, 17 non-ovig @, 36 juvs, from 22 RC stations, reef crest rubble, 0.1 m. USNM 211214, 1 6, sta K-63, reef crest rubble, 0.25 m. USNM 211215, 1 6, 1 ovig 9, 2 juvs, sta F-151, reef crest rubble, 0.4 m. DESCRIPTION.—Ovigerous Female: Integu- ment moderately indurate; scattered red-brown chromatophores on head, pereon, pleon, and telson. Body proportions: C< 1>2<3<4= 5 >6> 7. Head with large dorsal eyes; rostrum low, triangular, not reaching anterolateral lobes of head. Pleonites short, free, 1-4 subequal in length, pleonite 5 slightly longer, pleonite 6 with middorsal slit in posterior margin. Telson with slight anterior constriction, parallel-sided for */ of length, posteriorly rounded, bearing numer- ous simple setae of varying lengths; single large anterior statocyst present. Antenna 1, flagellum of 11 articles, with single aesthetasc on articles 4—8. Antenna 2, peduncle segment 2 slightly more than twice length of segment 3, segments 4 and 5 subequal; flagellum of 13 articles. Mandibular palp with segment 2 longer than segments | or 3; latter with 1 elon- gate and 15 short distal spines. Maxilla with about 11 distal serrations. Maxilliped with endite not reaching distal margin of setose palp segment 2. Pereopod 1, carpus narrowly triangular, with 3 spines on posterior margin; propodus ex- panded, palm gently convex, with submarginal band of spines on inner surface, rounded proxi- mal lobe bearing 5 spines; unguis almost as long as rest of dactylus. Pereopod 2 with elongate setae on ischium, merus, carpus, and palm of propodus; latter somewhat expanded, with 5 strong sensory spines and 2 distal trispiculose spines; dactylus with very short unguis. Pereo- pods 2 and 3 similar to pereopod 1 but decreas- ing in size posteriorly. Pereopods 4—7, meri bear- ing elongate setae, carpi roughly rectangular, with 2 sensory spines on posterior margin; pro- podus elongate-rectangular, with 4 sensory spines and numerous fringed scales on posterior margin. Pleopod | operculiform, rami subequal in length, exopod almost twice width of endopod. Uropodal exopod with outer margin sinuous, 13 apically narrowly rounded; entire margin bear- ing dense simple setae, those at apex longest; endopod narrower than protopod, oval, distally rounded, bearing numerous elongate setae; pro- topod with numerous setae on outer margin. Male: Body relatively more slender and pig- mented than in female; pigment extending an- teriorly to bases of antennae. Pereopod 1, carpus narrow, triangular, bearing 3 spines on posterior margin; propodus much more expanded than in female, with convex palm having narrow flange and rounded proximal lobe bearing 5 strong spines; band of spine-setae on mesial face near palm. Pleopod 2 exopod with transverse suture at distal %/ of length; endopod with copulatory stylet articulating at about proximal 3, extend- ing beyond rami, distally expanded and bilobed. REMARKS.—Only one species of Accalathura, viz., A. crenulata (Richardson), has been recorded from the Caribbean. This species co-occurs with A. setosa but may easily be distinguished by sev- eral features. Accalathura crenulata is a larger species (ovigerous female TL 15 mm) and has narrow parallel-sided uropodal exopods, a more elongate uropodal endopod, an apically acute telson, and an apically acute copulatory stylet with a subapical “heel.” Accalathura setosa is ovig- erous at about 8.0 mm and has a broad sinuous uropodal exopod, a short oval uropodal endo- pod, an apically rounded telson, and an apically bifid copulatory stylet. The species referred to by Menzies and Fran- kenberg (1966) from Georgia as “Accalathura ?crenulata juvenile” may well be A. setosa, judging from the figure of the tailfan. ETYMOLOGY.—The specific epithet refers to the highly setose margins of the uropodal rami. Family ANTHURIDAE Genus Apanthura Stebbing, 1900 Apanthura cracenta, new species FIGURES 9, 10 MATERIAL EXAMINED.—Holotype: USNM 211217, non-ovig 2, TL 4.6 mm, sta RC-103, reef crest rubble, 0.1 m. SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES FIGURE 9.—Apanthura cracenta, new species: a, whole animal, dorsal view; 6, maxilliped; c, mandible; d, uropodal exopod; e, pleopod 1; f, telson; g, uropodal endopod. | NUMBER 24 Allotype: USNM 211218, 6, TL 3.8 mm, sta RC-22, reef crest rubble, 0.1 m. Paratypes: USNM 211219, 2 6, TL 3.0-3.2 mm, 5 non-ovig , TL 2.6—4.6 mm, sta RC-19, RC-26, RC-100, reef crest rubble, 0.1 m. Additional Material: USNM 211220, 2 6, 19 15 non-ovig @, 3 juvs, sta RC-7, RC-13, RC-21, RC- 23, RC-44, RC-56, RC-58, RC-95, RC-99, RC- 101, RC-102, RC-104, RC-106, RC-115, RC- 119, reef crest rubble, 0.1 m. USNM 211221, 1 6, 4 non-ovig @, 2 juvs, sta H(80)-11, H(80)-32, reef rubble, 15—27.4 m. USNM 221222, 2 non- FIGURE 10.—Apanthura cracenta, new species: a, pereopod 1, 6; b, pereopod 1, 2; c, pereopod 2; d, pereopod 7; e, pleopod 2, 6; f, antenna 1, 9; g, antenna 2; A, antenna 1, 6. 16 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES ovig ¢, sta H(81)-41, H(81)-57, reef rubble, 1-2 m. USNM 221223, 2 non-ovig @, sta CBC.4.5.74- 3, reef rubble, 0.5 m. DESCRIPTION.—Female: Body very slender, about 15 times longer than wide. Integument thin, non-indurate, unpigmented. Body propor- tions: C= 1=2>3>4=5=6>7. Rounded anterolateral lobes of head reaching beyond low rounded rostrum. Dorsolateral eyes small, well pigmented. Pleonites 1—5 fused, lateral slits visi- ble in dorsal view; pleonite 6 free, with bilobed posterior margin. Telson widest at about mid- length, posteriorly narrowed, apically evenly rounded, bearing elongate simple setae. Antenna | with basal peduncle segment long- est and widest; flagellum of 3 articles, article 2 longest; short terminal article bearing 2 aesthe- tascs. Antenna 2 with peduncle segment 2 long- est, only slightly longer than segment 5; flagel- lum of 2 short articles. Mandible with 3- or 4- cusped incisor; lamina dentata with 5 broad ser- rations; molar truncate, sclerotized; palp with segment 2 twice length of segment 1, segment 3 with 4 serrate distal spines. Maxilliped with short thin endite; semicircular terminal palp segment set obliquely at outer distal angle of penultimate segment, bearing 5 elongate setae. Pereopod 1, carpus triangular, with distal acute sclerotized area; propodus expanded, palm bearing rounded sclerotized tooth in proximal half; unguis about half length of rest of dactylus, with short rounded accessory spine at base. Pereopod 2 with trian- gular carpus; propodus not expanded, bearing strong posterodistal serrate sensory spine. Per- eopods 4-7, carpi with anterior margins shorter than posterior; propodi elongate-rectangular, with strong posterodistal serrate spine. Pleopod 1, exopod operculiform, endopod less than half width and slightly shorter than exopod. Uropo- dal exopod with elongate marginal setae and deep distal notch; endopod twice longer than wide, with outer distal margin bearing numerous elongate setae. Male: Antenna 1, flagellum of 6 articles, 5 proximal articles each bearing row of aesthetascs. Eyes slightly larger than in female. Pereopod 1, carpus with posterodistal angle produced into acute triangular tooth; propodal palm with acute triangular tooth at midlength; mesial surface of propodus with more setae than in female. Pleo- pod 2, copulatory stylet elongate, club-shaped, widening distally, articulating with endopod in proximal half of mesial margin. REMARKS.—The present species conforms to the restricted diagnosis of Apanthura, as given by Poore and Lew Ton (in press), especially in hav- ing pleonites 1—5 fused, and pleonite 6 free. Two species of Apanthura have been recorded from the Caribbean, viz., A. geminsula Kensley and A. signata Menzies and Glynn. The former is a robust species and differs from A. cracenta in five easily detectable features: total body length (A. cracenta adult up to 4.6 mm, A. geminsula adult about 8.0 mm); pereopod | structure in the male and female (carpus and propodus each bearing an acute tooth in A. cracenta); a markedly more setose tailfan in the present species; a shorter and broader maxillipedal endite; and a well-defined pit on pereonites 4—6 in A. gemin- sula, absent in the present species. Apanthura signata lacks triangular teeth on pereopod 1, which also possesses a more expanded propodus, possesses integumental pigmentation, and has relatively larger eyes. Apanthura magnifica Men- zies and Frankenberg, known from Georgia and Florida, is an even more robust and larger spe- cles, with an indurate posteriorly flattened telson. Apanthura significa Paul and Menzies, from Ven- ezuela, has an unnotched uropodal exopod and lacks teeth on the carpus and propodus of per- eopod 1. ETyMOLOGY.—The specific epithet is derived from the Latin cracentis (slender) and refers to the overall body form of the species. Genus Pendanthura Menzies and Glynn, 1968 Pendanthura hendleri, new species FIGURE 11 MATERIAL EXAMINED.—Holotype: USNM 211224, ovig 2, TL 3.3 mm, sta H(81)-11, from } | NUMBER 24 FIGURE 11.—Pendanthura hendleri, new species: a, whole animal, dorsal view; 6, antenna 1, @; c, antenna 2; d, mandible; e, maxilla; f, maxilliped; g, pereopod 1, 2; h, pereopod 7; 1, pereopod 2; j, antenna 1, 6; k, pleopod 1; /, pleopod 2, 6; m, pereopod 1, 6; n, telson and uropod. 17 18 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES Madracis sp. coral on reef slope, 15.2 m. Allotype: USNM 211225, 6, TL 2.8 mm, sta K-145, coarse rubble on reef slope, 23 m. Paratypes: USNM 211226, ovig 2, TL 3.1 mm, 2 non-ovig 2, TL 3.3 mm, 3 juvs, TL 1.8- 2.1 mm, sta H(81)-11, H(81)-31, H(81)-35, from Agaricia sp., Madracis sp., and Porites sp. corals on reef slope and spur and groove, 9.1—15.2 m. USNM 211227, 6, TL 3.0 mm, sta K-35, coarse coral rubble on reef slope, 20 m. USNM 211228, ovig 2, TL 3.4 mm, sta Alpha-Helix ND-19, off Panama, 30 m. USNM 211229, 6, TL 2.9 mm, juv, TL 1.8 mm, sta H(81)-1, Twin Cays, Belize, from Caulerpa verticillata under red mangroves, 0-2 m. DESCRIPTION.—Ovigerous Female: Integu- ment not indurate. Body 8/2 times longer than wide; proportions: C<1>2<3=4=5>6> 7 > P. Head with triangular rostrum extending well beyond anterolateral lobes; dorsolateral eyes small, well pigmented. Strong dorsal articulation- hollow between pereonites 2 and 3. Pleon about half length of pereonite 7. Telson basally broad, tapering in posterior half to truncate-rounded apex; 2 statocysts at about midlength; broad hya- line margin in posterior half. Antenna | with 3-segmented peduncle, seg- ments decreasing in width and length distally; segment 3 with single aesthetasc; flagellum con- sisting of single tiny article bearing 2 aesthetascs. Antenna 2 with peduncle segment 2 longest and broadest; flagellum consisting of 1 small and 1 tiny setose article. Mandibular palp consisting of single short segment bearing 2 setae; incisor of 3 cusps; lamina dentata of 5 serrations; molar short and blunt. Maxilla with 1 strong and 4 smaller distal spines. Maxillipedal palp of single broad quadrate segment bearing 6 distal setae; endite short, conical, with 2 distal setae. Pereopod 1 with triangular carpus bearing fringed scales on posterior and distal margins; propodus broad, expanded, palmar margin very gently convex, bearing 8 simple spines, medial face with 4 fringed spines; unguis equal in length to rest of dactylus, with strong accessory spine at base; posterior surface bearing fringed scales. Pereo- pod 2, carpus and propodus with fringed scales on posterior surfaces; propodus roughly rectan- gular. Pereopod 7, merus distally broadened; carpus with anterior margin shorter than poste- rior; propodus rectangular, posterior margin bearing fringed scales, posterodistal angle with 3 fringed spines. Pleopod 1, exopod operculiform, 3 times wider than and subequal in length to endopod, both rami bearing marginal plumose setae. Uropodal exopod narrowly oval, just reaching base of endopod, fringed with plumose and simple setae; endopod triangular, distally narrowly rounded, bearing plumose and elon- gate simple setae. Male: Antenna 1, flagellum of 4 short articles bearing numerous aesthetascs. Pereopod | as in female but with cluster of simple spines on medial surface of propodus. Pleopod 2, endopod with copulatory stylet articulating in proximal half of medial margin, extending well beyond ramus; exopod 3 shorter than endopod, with faint in- dication of suture on outer margin. Color: Body transparent in life, with dorsal reticulation of red-brown pigment on head, per- eonite 2, and pleon. REMARKS.—Two species of Pedanthura have been described, viz., P. tanaiformis Menzies and Glynn, the type-species, from Puerto Rico, and P. rarotonga Kensley, from the Cook Islands in the Pacific. Pendanthura rarotonga is very similar to the present species in overall proportions and in most of the appendage structures. The most noticeable differences lie in the first pereopod, which is sinuous in the Pacific species, gently convex in P. hendleri, and in the telsonic shape, being broader and less tapered in P. rarotonga. Pendanthura tanaiformis has been recorded from Puerto Rico (Menzies and Glynn, 1968) and from Belize (Kensley, 1982) and is abundant on the same reef from which P. hendleri was collected. The color pattern, however, easily sep- arates the two species, P. tanaiformis being dor- sally heavily pigmented on the head, pereon, and pleon, and P. hendleri having three narrow dorsal patches of pigment. Other differences lie in the mandible (the palp having a single seta in the NUMBER 24 earlier species), the maxilliped (relatively more elongate in P. hendleri), and pereopod 1, which has a distinct, rounded lobe on the propodal palm in the male and female of P. tanaiformis. The two Caribbean species also show a differ- ential depth distribution, P. tanaiformis being abundant in intertidal rubble habitats and rarely recorded below 1 m. Pendanthura hendleri has been collected in 1-2 m in algal turf under red mangroves and in several coral species on the reef slope, to a depth of 30 m. ETYMOLOGY.—The species is named for Dr. Gordon Hendler, of the Smithsonian Institution, who collected most of the specimens and who also has contributed many other isopod speci- mens to this study. Suborder FLABELLIFERA Family SPHAEROMATIDAE Genus Cymodoce Leach, 1814 Cymodoce ruetzleri, new species FIGURES 12-14 MATERIAL EXAMINED.—Holotype: USNM 211230, 6, TL 5.0 mm, sta F-48, rubble flats, 0.7 m. Allotype: USNM 211231, ovig 2, TL 4.0 mm, sta CBC-7.5.74-1, 0.5 m. Paratypes: USNM 211232, 6 6, TL 4.0-4.5 mm, 3 ovig , TL 4.0-4.2 mm, 2 2, TL 4.0 mm, sta CBC-2.5.74-3, 0.5 m. USNM 211233, 7 6, TL 4.0-4.3 mm, 4 ovig 2, TL 4.0-4.3 mm, coarse sediments in Thalassia seagrass flats, 0.5 m. Additional Material: USNM 211234, 9 6, 14 9, 4 juvs, sta K-4, K-22, K-35, K-53, K-61, K-62, K-70, K-73, coarse sediments in Thalassia sea- grass flats, in Dictyota sp. clumps, coarse sand in Halimeda sp. clumps, coral rubble, intertidal to 30 m. USNM 211235, 16 6, 39 9, 69 juvs, sta H(80)-7, H(80)-11, H(80)-22, H(80)-31, H(80)- 41, H(81)-3, H(81)-5, H(81)-39, in Agaricia sp. coral and Halimeda sp. algal clumps on fore reef, 19 1-36 m. USNM 211236, 6 4, 29, 1 juv, sta RC- 7, RC-18, RC-65, RC-97, RC-112, reef crest coral, 0.1 m. USNM 211237, 2 6, 1 2, sta AC- 67, AC-501, AC-519, coarse sand, and interior of sponge, 5-13 m. USNM 211238, 1 9, 1 juv, sta CBC-4.5.74-3, CBC-7.5.74-1, 0.5 m. DESCRIPTION.—Male: Body dorsally strongly arched. Integument hard and brittle; anteriorly sparsely setose, becoming more densely setose posteriorly; entire pleotelson having numerous small tubercles, becoming obsolete anterior to pereonite 7. Head with large well-pigmented dorsolateral eyes; tiny ventrally directed rostral point on frontal ridge, separating bases of an- tenna 1, just touching apex of clypeus. Latter broadly U-shaped, with rounded dorsal apex; short blunt slightly divergent arms embracing labrum. Pereonite 1 with coxal plate fused, ven- trally broadened, with posteriorly directed round lobe. Pereonite 1 broadest. Pereonite 7 with posterior margin faintly and broadly bilobed, lobes sometimes bearing tiny spine-like tubercles. Pleon consisting of 3 anterior fused pleonites articulating with pleotelson; free posterior mar- gin of pleonite 3 submedially bilobed, with lateral emargination. Telson bearing submedian pair of strong conical tubercles, each having acute tip; conical tubercles flanked by low rounded setose tubercle; pleotelson sloping ventrally posterior to tubercles; apex of pleotelson trilobed, trian- gular outer lobes separated by deep incisions from truncate median lobe; small spinose tuber- cle at base of incision; outer lobes apically bearing 2 short teeth. Antenna |, peduncle 3-segmented, basal seg- ment broad, indurate, setose, outer (exposed) surface flattened, segment 2 about 2 width and Ys length of basal segment; segment 3 twice length of segment 2, slender, cylindrical; flagel- lum of 11 articles; 8 distal articles each bearing single aesthetasc. Antenna 2 slightly longer than antenna 1, peduncle 5-segmented, 3 basal seg- ments subequal in length, segment 4 about 4 longer than segment 3, segment 5 about longer than segment 4; flagellum of 14 articles. Mandibular palp 3-segmented, basal segment 20 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES FIGURE 12.—Cymodoce ruetzleri, new species: a, 6, dorsal view; 5, pleotelson, @, dorsal view; c, pleotelson, 6, lateral view; d, antenna 2; e, antenna 1; f, clypeus and labrum; g, maxilliped; h, left mandible; 7, right mandible; 7, mandibular palp; k, maxilla 1; /, maxilla 2. NUMBER 24 7) FIGURE 13.—Cymodoce ruetzleri, new species: a, pereopod 1; b, pereopod 2; c, pereopod 7. longest, unarmed; segment 2 bearing 7 fringed spines; segment 3, outer margin curved, inner (median) margin bearing 12 fringed spines, 2 distal spines longest; molars of both left and right mandibles broad, with sclerotized outer margin; incisor bluntly triangular, heavily sclerotized; left mandible with 6 spines in spine row, right man- dible with strongly sclerotized lacinia mobilis and 2 spines in spine row. Maxilla 1, outer ramus with 9-10 strong spines; inner ramus with 4 elongate fringed setae. Maxilla 2, inner ramus with 8-10 fringed setae on mediodistal margin; 2 lobes of outer ramus each bearing several elon- gate finely ridged spines. Maxillipedal endite broadening distally, with single coupling hook, 9 short fringed setae on mediodistal margin; palp 5-segmented, segments 2—4 each with mediodis- tal setose lobe, terminal segment slender, setose. Pereopods increasing in length posteriorly. Per- eopod 1 with short peg-like spine at base of unguis; propodus with 3 sensory spines on pos- terior margin; triangular carpus with 2 sensory DD SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES FIGURE 14.—Cymodoce ruetzleri, new species, 6; a, pleopod 1; 6, pleopod 2; c, pleopod 3; d, pleopod 4; e, pleopod 5; f, penis. spines; merus with 5 sensory spines. Pereopod 2 more slender and elongate than pereopod 1; propodus with 3 posterior sensory spines; roughly rectangular carpus with 5 posterior spines; merus with 3 posterior spines. Pereopod 7 with numerous spines of varying lengths on propodus, carpus, merus, and anterior margin of ischium. Penial processes on sternal of pereonite “i elongate-cylindrical, with slight distal swelling. Pleopod 1, basis with 3 retinacula; endopod tri- angular; exopod oval, distally widened. Pleopod 2, basis with 3 retinacula; endopod triangular, with copulatory stylet articulating at base, taper- ing distally, extending well beyond apex of ra- mus; exopod oval, distally widened. Pleopod 3, endopod basally broad, tapering distally, apex broadly rounded; exopod broadly oval, with transverse suture in distal fourth. Pleopod 4, endopod pleated, basally broader than distally; exopod membranous, broadly triangular, with transverse suture in distal fourth. Pleopod 5, endopod pleated, with rounded basal lobe; exo- pod membranous, with oblique transverse suture in distal third. Uropodal endopod longer than exopod, fused with peduncle, with short lateral lobe at base near articulation of exopod; endo- { | | NUMBER 24 pod somewhat flattened, widening distally to tri- angular apex bearing strong tooth; exopod oval in cross-section, with apical tooth. Female: Free posterior margin of pleonite 4 not bilobed as in male; pleotelson with 2 strong submedian conical apically acute tubercles; apex barely notched, having short rounded lobe slightly offset from posterior pleotelsonic mar- gin. Uropodal endopod and peduncle fused, en- dopod flattened, widening distally to rounded/ truncate margin, with short tooth at mediodistal corner; exopod shorter than endopod, flattened, oval, with tiny distal tooth. REMARKS.— This species agrees on all points with the generic diagnosis of Cymodoce, given by Hurley and Jansen (1977:45). No true Cymodoce species has hitherto been recorded from the Caribbean. Cymodoce ruetzleri most closely resembles C. bentonica Loyola e Silva, 1962, from Sao Paulo, Brazil, especially in the overall structure of the male and female pleotelson and in the posterior granulation of the integument. In details, however, the two species may easily be separated. The male C. bentonica possesses a strong anterodorsally flexed spine on the pleotelson and lacks the distinctive spines of the pleotelson tubercles and uropods seen in C. ruetzleri. The lobes of the male pleotelson are apically rounded, and the median lobe elongate in the Brazilian species, whereas in C. ruetzleri the outer lobes are spinose, the medial lobe less elongate and apically truncate. The pleotelsonic tubercles of the female are acute in the new species, rounded in the Brazilian species. ETYMOLOGY.—The species is named for Dr. Klaus Rutzler, coordinator of the Smithsonian IMSWE program in Belize. Genus Dynamenella Hansen, 1905 Dynamenella quadrilirata, new species FIGURES 15, 16 MATERIAL EXAMINED.—Holotype: USNM 211239,16, TL 2.6 mm, sta CBC-4.5.74-3, from sponge, 0.5 m. Allotype: USNM 211240, ovig 2, TL 2.5 mm, 7) sta CBC-4.5.74-3, from sponge, 0.5 m. Paratypes: USNM 211241, 6 6, TL 2.1-2.5 mm, 17 ovig , 2.1 -2.5 mm, 5, sta CBC-2.5.74- 2, from sponge, 0.5 m. USNM 211242, 1 6, TL 2.4 mm, sta F-21, Twin Cays, Caulerpa verticil- lata mat under red mangroves, 0.2 m. USNM ZN 243d. 1G. 224mm, lovig 2a 2.5 mm, 2 juvs, sta AC-147, coral rubble in upper spur and groove, 3 m. DESCRIPTION.—Male: Body dorsally strongly arched. Integument indurate. Dorsolateral eyes well pigmented. Head faintly tuberculate, with tiny rostral point touching apex of clypeus, sep- arating bases of antenna 1. Clypeus U-shaped, with stubby arms embracing labrum. Coxal plate 1 fused to pereonite, vental margin straight, an- teriorly triangular under eye, posteriorly nar- rowed. Pereonite | longest, dorsally with rough- ened integument. Pereonites 2—7 each with roughened transverse band in posterior half. Fused pleonite section with 2 low rounded sub- median tubercles. Pleotelson with anterior half inflated, bearing 4 strong rounded ridges; taper- ing posteriorly to deeply notched apex; ventral margins of apical notch not contiguous, notch cordate, with low rounded lobe on midline. Antenna 1, first peduncle segment wider, but subequal in length to 2 distal segments; segment 3 narrow, cylindrical, 1/2 times longer than seg- ment 2; flagellum of 8 articles, articles 3-6 each with single aesthetasc. Antenna 2 slightly shorter than antenna 1, peduncle segments increasing in length distally; flagellum of 8 articles. Mandibu- lar palp 3-segmented, basal segment longest; seg- ment 2 with 4 fringed spines increasing in length distally; segment 3 with 9 fringed spines increas- ing in length distally. Left mandible with 3- cusped ‘incisor; lacinia mobilis not sclerotized, with 2 rounded basal cusps; spine row with | broad and 2 fringed spines; molar ridged, with numerous marginal teeth. Right mandible with 4-cusped incisor; lacinia mobilis sclerotized, with 3 cusps; spine row of 5 fringed spines. Maxilla 1, inner ramus with 4 elongate fringed setae; outer ramus with 10 stout spines, some faintly dentate. Maxilla 2, inner ramus with 6 spines on medio- distal margin, 2 of these stout, conspicuously 24 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES FIGURE 15.—Dynamenella quadrilirata, new species: a, 6, dorsal view; 6, pleotelson, 6, lateral view; c, pleotelson, juvenile, dorsal view; d, antenna 2; e, antenna 1; f, maxilla 1; g, maxilliped; h, maxilla 2; 1, right mandible (palp omitted); 7, left mandible. NUMBER 24 95 FiGure 16.—Dynamenella quadrilirata, new species: a, pereopod 1; b, pereopod 2; c, pereopod 7; d, pleopod 1; e, pleopod 2, 6; f, pleopod 3; g, pleopod 4; h, pleopod 5; i, penis; 7, uropod. 26 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES fringed; both lobes of outer ramus each with 4 stout ridged and dentate spines. Maxillipedal en- dite with single coupling hook; mediodistal mar- gin with 2 fringed setae; distal margin with 9 fringed spines; palp 5-segmented, segment 2 longest, distally setose; segment 3 with triangular mediodistal setose lobe. Pereopod 1| with strong unguls and accessory spine on dactylus; propodus with 3 posterodistal spines, posterior surface bearing short ctenoid scales; posterior surface of short carpus and merus bearing spinose scales. Pereopod 2 with numerous setules on posterior surfaces of propodus, carpus, and merus. Pereo- pod 7, posterior surfaces of propodus, carpus and merus with numerous fines setules; carpus with 6 anterodistal fringed spines. Penial proc- esses on midline of pereonite 7 slender, elongate, basally fused. Pleopod 1, basis with 3 retinacula; endopod distally subacute, shorter than oval ex- opod. Pleopod 2, basis with 3 retinacula; endo- pod triangular, with cylindrical copulatory stylet articulating at base; exopod oval, shorter than endopod. Pleopod 3, endopod triangular, consid- erably longer than oval exopod; latter with obliquely transverse suture in distal third. Pleo- pod 4, both rami pleated; exopod tapering api- cally, with distal transverse suture. Pleopod 5, both rami pleated; exopod with transverse suture in distal fourth, with 3 rounded distal spinulose bosses; endopod broadly oval. Uropodal rami subequal in length, distal margins dentate; exo- pod broader than endopod, with ventral surface bearing small scattered tubercles. Female: Immature (TL 2.0 mm) pleotelson anteriorly inflated, but lacking sculpture; apex notched, forming short open tube, ventral mar- gins not touching, foramen circular. Ovigerous (TL 2.5 mm) pleotelson with 4 rounded ridges somewhat less raised than in male; apical foramen circular. REMARKS.—None of the +12 species of Dy- namenella recorded from Puerto Rico (Menzies and Glynn, 1968), Panama (Glynn, 1968), Ven- ezuela (Glynn, 1970), or Brazil (Loyola e Silva, 1960) show the strong 4-ridged pleotelson of D. quadrilirata. Dynamenella condita Hurley and Jan- sen, from new Zealand, possesses six longitudinal ridges on the pleotelson, but these ridges are not so pronounced as in the present species. This unique sculpture demands the erection of a new species. ETYMOLOGY.—The specific epithet, taken from the Latin quattuor (four) plus lira (ridge), refers to the pleotelsonic sculpture. Genus Paracerceis Hansen, 1905 Paracerceis cohenae, new species FIGURES 17, 18 MATERIAL EXAMINED.—Holotype: USNM 211244, 6, TL 10.0 mm, sta AC-526c, from sponge Callispongia plicifera on outer ridge of fore neets il(Sn0e Allotype: USNM 211245, 2, TL 7.9 mm, sta AC-526c, from sponge Callispongia plicifera on outer ridge of fore reef, 15 m. Paratypes: USNM 211246, 2 9, TL 7.0, 6.0 mm, 10 juvs, TL 3.2—5.8 mm, sta AC-347, from sponge Callispongia plicifera on outer ridge of fore reef, 16 m. USNM 211247, 9, TL 6.2 mm, 3 juvs, from sponge Callispongia plicifera on outer ridge of fore reef, 15 m. DESCRIPTION.—Male: Body dorsally moder- ately arched. Integument indurate, brittle, not setose (except uropods). Dorsolateral eyes well pigmented. Head with small ventrally directed rostral point, separating bases of antenna 1, not touching apex of clypeus; low middorsal tubercle near posterior margin. Clypeus with bulbous apex, arms parallel-sided, divergent, apically rounded, embracing labrum. Pereonites each with rounded middorsal tubercle and several lat- eral tubercles near posterior margin. Coxal plate of pereonite | posteriorly lobed, rounded, taper- ing anteriorly under eye. Coxal plates 2—7 with 2 or 3 rounded tubercles, posteroventral corners rounded. Four fused pleonites with large conical middorsal tubercle near posterior margin, sev- eral smaller lateral tubercles. Pleotelson with an- terior % inflated, faintly tripartite, marked pos- teriorly by transverse ridge bearing strong mid- FIGURE 17.—Paracerceis cohenae, new species: a, 6, dorsal view; b, pleotelson, ?, dorsal view; c, antenna 1; d, antenna 2; e, clypeus and labrum; f, maxilla 1; g, maxilla 2; h, left mandible; i, right mandible; 7, mandibular palp; k, maxilliped. 27 28 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES FiGuRE 18.—Paracerceis cohenae, new species: a, pereopod 1; 6, pereopod 7; c, pereopod 2; d, penis; e, pleopod 1; f, pleopod 2, 6; g, pleopod 3; h, pleopod 4; 2, pleopod 5. dorsal and lateral conical tubercles; numerous smaller tubercles present, especially laterally; posterolateral margins curved, toothed; apex notched, with small median tooth, notch flanked by triangular toothed lobes. Antenna 1, basal segment indurate, outer (exposed) surface flattened, anteromedially rounded; segment 2 about '4 length and 2 width of basal segment; segment 3 slender, cylindrical, twice greatest length of segment 2; flagellum of 14 articles, 11 distal articles each bearing 1 or 2 aesthetascs. Antenna 2, segment | broadest; seg- NUMBER 24 _ ments 2—5 cylindrical, increasing in length; fla- gellum of 15 setose articles. Mandibular palp 3- segmented, middle segment longest, bearing 8 mediodistal fringed spines; distal segment, outer | margin convex, 13 fringed spines on inner distal | margin, spines becoming longer distally. Left _ mandible, incisor with 3 subacute sclerotized cusps; lacinia mobilis bluntly dentate; 7 spines in | spine row; molar broadly convex, with sclero- _ tized, toothed outer margin; right mandible, in- | cisor with 4 sclerotized cusps; lacinia mobilis with _ 3 sclerotized cusps; 8 spines in spine row. Maxilla 1 inner ramus with 4 elongate fringed setae; outer ramus with 6 strongly dentate distal spines. Maxilla 2, inner ramus with 7 fringed spines on | mediodistal margin; both lobes of outer ramus each bearing 8 elongate curved spines. Maxilli- pedal endite with single coupling hook, 3 fringed _ spines on medial margin, mediodistal apex bear- ing strong tooth-like spine; outer distal margin _ bearing 8 fringed spines; palp 5-segmented, seg- | ments 2—4 with mediodistal setose lobes, segment 5 slender, setose. Pereopods increasing in length | posteriorly. Pereopod 1 propodus, triangular _ carpus, and merus bearing fringed spines on | posterior margins. Pereopod 2 with few sensory spines on posterior margins of propodus, carpus, "and merus. Pereopod 7 with few spines on pos- terior margin; inner distal margin of carpus bear- ing 4 stout fringed spines. Penial processes on midventral sternite of pereonite 7 short, digiti- form. Pleopod 1, basis with 3 retinacula; endo- pod roughly triangular; exopod broadening to truncate distal margin. Pleopod 2, endopod with rod-shaped copulatory stylet articulating slightly beyond midlength of medial margin; exopod as in pleopod 1. Pleopod 3, endopod triangular; exopod broadening to distal truncate margin, with obliquely transverse suture in distal 13. Pleo- pod 4, both rami pleated, triangular. Pleopod 5, both rami pleated, less triangular than in pleopod 4, with 3 spinulose bosses. Uropod with peduncle and endopod fused; endopod distally rounded, not reaching pleotelsonic apex; exopod elongate, cylindrical, slightly bowed towards midline, be- coming granular and setose distally, apically trun- Cate, spinose. 29 Female: Head and pereon very similar to male. Clypeus lacking bulbous apex. Pleotelson with anterior half inflated, faintly tripartite, with strong conical spine at posterior end of each portion; apex shallowly notched, notch flanked by 2 low triangular lobes. Uropod with exopod flattened, slightly overreaching _ pleotelsonic apex, ending in distolateral tooth; endopod and peduncle fused, ramus flattened, distally rounded, slightly shorter than exopod. REMARKS.—See “Remarks” section of Paracer- ceis glynni. ETYMOLOGY.— The species is named for Anne Cohen, recently of the Smithsonian Institution, who collected all the material of this species at Carrie Bow Cay, Belize. Paracerceis glynni, new species FIGURES 19, 20 MATERIAL EXAMINED.—Holotype: USNM 211248, 6, TL 6.4 mm, coll. W.A. Starck, Jr., miS of Alligator Light, Monroe County, Florida, 11] m. Paratypes: USNM 122742, 3 2, TL 4.4, 5.0, 5.2 mm, coll. W.A. Starck, Jr., 4% mi S of Alli- gator Light, Monroe County, Florida, 11 m. USNM 211249, 6, TL 5.8 mm, sta H(81)-3, From Halimeda sp. on fore reef crest, 15.2 m. USNM 211250, 6, TL 5.8 mm, sta K-142, from sponge Aplysina fistularis on fore reef slope, 11 m. DESCRIPTION.—Male: Body dorsally strongly arched. Integument indurate, brittle, anteriorly sparsely setose, becoming densely setose poste- riorly. Dorsolateral eyes well pigmented. Head smooth, with small rostral point separating bases of antenna 1, touching apex of clypeus. Clypeus apically subacute, divergent arms embracing la- brum short, distally rounded. Pereonites 1-4 dorsally smooth. Pereonites 5-7 becoming pro- gressively more tuberculate, tubercles becoming more acute posteriorly. Anterior 4 fused pleon- ites tuberculate. Pleotelson with numerous scat- tered small tubercles, anterior half inflated, pos- terior margin of inflated part marked by strong middorsal conical tubercle and smaller acutely 30 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES FIGURE 19.—Paracerceis glynni, new species: a, 6, dorsal view; 5, pleotelson, 2, dorsal view; c, antenna 2; d, antenna 1; e, clypeus and labrum; f, maxilla 1; g, maxilla 2; A, mandibular palp; 1, maxilliped; 7, left mandible; k, right mandible. NUMBER 24 FIGURE 20.—Paracerceis glynni, new species: a, pereopod 1; 6, pereopod 2; c, pereopod 7; d, penis; e, pleopod 1; f, pleopod 2, 4; g, pleopod 3; h, pleopod 4; i, pleopod 5. 31 32 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES conical lateral tubercle; low rounded bulge be- neath and posterior to strong lateral tubercle; posterior half of pleotelson deeply cleft, with small median tooth at base of notch, lobes form- ing notch apically tricuspid, outer cusp curved dorsally. Coxal plate of pereonite 1 posteroven- trally triangular, tapering anteriorly, narrow be- neath eye. Antenna I, setose basal peduncle segment sub- equal in length to 2 distal segments combined but considerably broader; segment 2 * length of narrower segment 3; flagellum of 12 articles, articles 3-10 each with 2 aesthetascs, articles 11- 12 with single aesthetasc. Antenna 2, peduncle 5-segmented, segment 5 longest; flagellum of 12 setose articles. Mandibular palp 3-segmented, segment 2 longest, bearing 8 fringed spines be- coming longer distally; segment 3 bearing 13- 14 fringed spines becoming longer distally; left mandible, incisor sclerotized, of 3 cusps; lacinia mobilis not sclerotized, with 3 strong teeth; 7 spines in spine row; molar broad, with several distally toothed plates forming crushing surface, with longer spines on periphery. Right mandible with tridentate incisor; lacinia mobilis sclero- tized; 7 spines in spine row; molar as in left mandible. Maxilla 1, outer ramus bearing 7-9 dentate distal spines; inner ramus with 4 elongate distal fringed setae. Maxilla 2, inner ramus with 9 spines on mediodistal margin; both lobes of outer ramus bearing about 8 elongate slender finely fringed spines. Maxillipedal endite with single coupling hook on median margin, 8 fringed spines on distal margin, single spine at mediodistal angle; palp 5-segmented, segment 1 short, segment 2 with setose triangular lobe on median margin, segment 3 with setose lobe be- coming digitiform, segment 4 with setose lobe very short, segment 5 slender, terete, setose. Pereopods becoming longer posteriorly. Pereo- pod 1 with unguis and accessory spine of dactylus sclerotized; propodus with 3 strong dentate spines on posterior margin, 3 fringed spines on outer surface; triangular carpus, and merus with 3 strong dentate spines on posterior margin; carpus, merus, and ischium each with postero- distal patch of scales. Pereopod 2, propodus with 4, carpus with 3, and merus with 1 sensory spines on posterior margin. Pereopod 7, propodus with 4 strong spines on posterior; carpus with 3 strong spines on posterior margin, several fringed spines of varying length on distodorsal margin; merus with 3 spines on posterior margin, | strong fringed spine and 2 slender spines on distodorsal margin. Penial processes on sternite of pereonite 7 relatively short and blunt, well separated. Pleo- pod 1, basis with 3 retinacula at mediodistal angle; endopod triangular; exopod widening to distal truncate margin. Pleopod 2, basis with 3 retinacula; endopod distally tapering to broadly rounded apex, cylindrical copulatory stylet ex- tending well beyond apex of ramus, articulating at about midlength of median margin; exopod widening to distal truncate margin. Pleopod 3, basis with 3 retinacula; endopod triangular; ex- opod widening distally, with oblique suture in distal /3. Both rami of pleopods 4 and 5 pleated. Uropodal endopod and peduncle fused, ramus distally rounded, reaching to about midlength of distolateral pleotelsonic margin; exopod elon- gate-cylindrical, faintly sinuous, apically bicus- pate, extending by about 2 its length beyond pleotelsonic apex. Female: Body markedly less setose than in male, integument not tuberculate. Pleotelson with strongly inflated hemispherical proximal half with very faint indication of tubercle poste- riorly; apex notched, with low rounded tooth at base of notch; lobes flanking notch triangular. Uropodal endopod and peduncle fused; endopod flattened, reaching just beyond midlength of dis- tolateral pleotelsonic margin, apically faintly tri- tuberculate; exopod just extending beyond pleo- telsonic apex, flattened, with few faint tubercles mediodistally. REMARKS.—Four species of Paracerceis are known from the western Atlantic. Paracerceis tomentosa Schultz and McCloskey, 1967, was described from three females from the North Carolina coast. As the specific epithet | NUMBER 24 _ implies, the integument is densely setose. In dor- _ sal view the pleotelsonic apex is entire, differing _ from the notched female pleotelson of P. glynni, _ and very different from the notched and strongly | sculptured female pleotelson of P. cohenae. | Paracerceis nuttingi (Boone, 1921), was de- _ scribed from Barbados and since recorded from Puerto Rico (Menzies and Glynn, 1968:55, 113). _ Boone’s material consisted only of females. Men- zies and Glynn record an immature male with an incipient pleotelsonic notch. Although the pleo- telsonic notch of P. nuttingi resembles that of P. cohenae, Boone’s species has a nonsculptured per- eon and pleon, whereas P. cohenae is strongly tuberculate. The notch in the female of P. glynni is much deeper than in P. nuttingi, whereas the latter species can also be separated by the length of the lobes of the maxillipedal palp segments. In P. glynni, these lobes are very much shorter. Paracerceis edithae Boone, 1930, was described from Haiti and has since been redescribed on material from Puerto Rico and Haiti (Glynn, 1972). This distinctive species has been collected in Belize in depths of 11-23 m, taken on four occasions only in association with sponges. Glynn’s statement (1972:146) concerning P. edi- thae replacing P. caudata can thus be qualified. The male pleotelsonic apex of P. edithae, with its strong median tooth and broad lateral lobes, immediately separates it from the shallower den- tate notch of P. cohenae and the very deep notch of P. glynni. The pleotelsonic apex of the female P. edithae, shown as almost entire, or faintly trilobed in the Belize specimens, again differs from the broadly notched condition in P. cohenae and the much deeper notch of P. glynni. Paracerceis caudata (Say), the most widespread Paracereis species in the Caribbean, with its bowed uropodal exopod and dentate pleotelsonic notch in the male, and truncate pleotelsonic apex in the female, is easily separated from the two species described herein. ETYMOLOGY.—The species is named for Dr. Peter W. Glynn, in recognition for his many valuable contributions to isopod systematics. 5)8) Family CIROLANIDAE Genus Metacirolana Nierstrasz, 1931 Metacirolana agaricicola, new species FIGURES 21, 22 MATERIAL EXAMINED.— Holotype: USNM 211259, 6, TL 2.6 mm, sta H(81)-32, from Por- ites sp. coral on spur and groove, outer reef slope, OAS: Paratypes: USNM 211260, 2 ovig 2, TL 2.0- 2.1 mm, 2 9, TL 2.0 mm, sta K-35, rubble and coarse sediment on outer reef slope, 20 m. USNM 211261, 6, TL 2.0 mm, 1 ovig 9, TL 2.0 mm, 5 2, TL 1.8-2.1 mm, 2 juvs, sta H(81)-17, on Agaricia sp. coral on fore reef, 15.2 m. Additional Material: USNM 211262, 2, 7 2, sta H(81)-13, H(81)-15, H(81)-16, H(81)-42, on Agaricia sp. coral on fore reef, 1-15.2 m. DESCRIPTION.—Male: Integument dorsally with scattered red-brown chromatophores on head, pleotelson, and uropods. Pereonites and pleonites with relatively dense transverse broken bands of chromatophores. Body dorsally arched, slightly more than twice longer than wide, widest at pereonite 6. Head with large dorsolateral eyes; fairly strong rostral point; frontal lamina ante- riorly convex, tapering to point between bases of antenna 2; clypeus broadly triangular, projecting ventrally. Coxal plates becoming more acutely produced posterodistally. Pereonite 1 slightly longer middorsally than remaining subequal per- eonites. Epimeron of pleonite 1 shorter than that of pleonite 2, overlapped by coxal plate of per- eonite 7. Hind margin of pleonite 5 broadly trilobed; faint submedian furrows demarking lobes. Telson wider than long, basally broad, straight lateral margins tapering to broadly tri- angular posterior margin, latter dentate, with fine plumose setae alternating with teeth. Antenna 1, basal peduncle segment broader with slightly shorter than segment 2; segment 3 narrower and 3 length of segment 2; flagellum of 7 articles, 2 basal articles with cluster of about 34 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES FIGURE 21.—Metacirolana agaricicola, new species: a, $, dorsal view; 6, antenna 2, 6; c, antenna 1, 6; d, antenna 2, 9; e, antenna 1, 9; f, pleotelsonic apex; g, maxilla 1; h, mandible; i, uropod; j, maxilliped; k, maxilla 2. NUMBER 24 ( d 35 FIGURE 22.—Metacirolana agaricicola, new species: a, pereopod 1; b, pereopod 7; c, pleopod 1; d, pleopod 2, 6; e, pleopod 3; f, pleopod 4; g, pleopod 5. 10 aesthetascs, remaining articles each with sin- gle aesthetasc. Antenna 2 reaching posteriorly to pereonite 4; 5 peduncle segments becoming pro- gressively longer distally; flagellum of 10 articles, terminal article with 2 elongate setae. Mandibu- lar palp, segments 1 and 3 subequal in length, each half length of segment 2; latter with 8 distal fringed spines; segment 3 with 7 distal fringed spines; incisor of 3 large and 1 small sclerotized cusps; spine row with 8 spines. Maxilla 1, inner ramus with 3 stout fringed setae; outer ramus with 11 distal spines. Maxilla 2, inner ramus with 4 mediodistal spines, innermost longest and fringed; inner lobe of outer ramus reduced, with 1 terminal spine; outer lobe with 3 terminal spines. Maxillipedal endite reaching midlength of palp segment 2, with 2 distal setae, and cou- pling hook on medial margin; palp segment 3 broadest and longest. Pereopod 1 short; propo- dus somewhat expanded, with 2 clusters of spines on posterior margin; carpus triangular, with sin- gle posterodistal spine cluster; merus with 2 spine clusters on posterior margin. Pereopods becom- ing more elongate posteriorly; pereopod 7, pro- podus subequal in length to carpus, with 2 pairs of spines on posterior margin; carpus with 2 spines on posterior margin, distal margin bearing several fringed spines. Pleopod 1, basis with 3 retinacula; endopod parallel-sided, distally broadly rounded; exopod distally expanded, dis- tal margin oblique-truncate. Pleopod 2, endopod elongate-oval, with copulatory stylet articulating at base, just reaching beyond ramus; exopod broadly oval. Pleopods 3—5 with endopods oval- rectangular, expods broadly oval, with transverse suture at about midlength. Uropodal protopod produced into triangular lobe, not reaching mid- length of endopod; latter distally expanded, dis- tal margin strongly dentate, angled, with plu- mose setae between marginal teeth; exopod nar- 36 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES rowly oval, distally acute, margins strongly den- tate, with plumose setae between marginal teeth. Female: Body form as in male. Eyes slightly smaller than in male. Antenna 1, flagellum of 6 articles, articles 3-5 each with single aesthetasc. Antenna 2 reaching posteriorly to pereonite 3; flagellum of 8 articles. REMARKS.—See “Remarks” section at end of Metacirolana menziesi. ETYMOLOGY.—The specific epithet is derived from the coral genus Agaricia plus the Latin suffix -cola (to dwell) and alludes to the fact that almost all the specimens were taken from this coral living on the Carrie Bow Cay reef. Metacirolana halia, new species FIGURES 23, 24 MATERIAL EXAMINED.— Holotype: USNM 211263, 6, TL 2.9 mm, sta RC-30, reef crest rubble, 0.1 m. Allotype: USNM 211264, ovig 9, TL 2.7 mm, sta RC-30, reef crest rubble, 0.1 m. Paratypes: USNM 211265, 5 6, TL 2.8-2.9 mm, 3 ovig 9, TL 2.1-2.5 mm, 23 9, TL 2.1- 2.6 mm, 9 juvs, sta RC-22, reef crest rubble, 0.1 m. USNM 211266, 4 6, TL 2.4-2.9 mm, 3 ovig ?, TL 2.5-2.7 mm, 19 2, TL 2.4-2.8 mm, 12 juvs, sta RC-30, reef crest rubble, 0.1 m. Additional Material: USNM 211267, ~100 specimens, sta CBC-2.5.74-2, CBC-2.5.74-3, CBC-4.5.74-3, CBC-7.5.74-1, from rubble on fore reef slope, 0.5 m. USNM 211268, ~180 specimens, sta K-3, K-6, K-35, K-36, K-55, K-56, K-62, K-65, K-98, K-105, K-106, K-107, K-132, K-134, K-135, K-137, K-139, K-145, from reef crest rubble, on algal clumps (Caulerpa racemosa, C. verticillata, Halimeda sp.), coarse sediment and rubble, fore reef, 0-23 m. USNM 211269, ~100 specimens, sta H(81)-8, H(81)-9, H(81)-11, H(81)-12, H(81)-13, H(81)-15, H(81)-17, H(81)- 19, H(81)-20, H(81)-27, H(81)-28, H(81)-29, H(81)-30, H(81)-32, H(81)-33, H(81)-34, H(81)- 35, H(81)-36, H(81)-37, H(81)-38, H(81)-39, H(81)-40, H(81)-41, H(81)-42, H(81)-48, H(81)- 53, H(81)-54, H(81)-55, H(81)-57, from Agaricia sp., Madracis sp., and Porites sp. corals, algal clumps (Halimeda sp.), from reef crest to spur and groove zone on fore reef, 0-15.2 m. USNM 211272, 2 specimens, sta H(80)-1, H(80)-10, Glover’s Reef, Belize, 12-21 m. USNM 211273, ~600 specimens, sta RC-6, RC-7, RC-11, RC-12, RC-13, RC-15, RC-16, RC-17, RC-18, RC-19, RC-20, RC-21, RC-23, RC-24, RC-25, RC-26, RC-27, RC-28, RC-29, RC-41, RC-42, RC-43, RC-44, RC-45, RC-46, RC-47, RC-48, RC-49, RC-50, RC-52, RC-55, RC-58, RC-59, RC-60, RC-71, RC-96, RC-97, RC-101, RC-102, RC- 103, RC-104, RC-106, RC-107, RC-108, RC- 109, RC-110, RC-111, RC-117, reef crest rub- ble, 0.1 m. DESCRIPTION.—Male: Integument dorsally with sparsely scattered chromatophores. Body dorsally arched, about 3 times longer than wide, widest at pleonite 5. Head with large dorsolateral eyes; tiny rostral point present; frontal lamina anteriorly rounded, tapering sharply posteriorly; clypeus broadly triangular, projecting ventrally. Pereonite | longer than remaining subequal per- eonites. Coxal plates: pereonite 1 anteroventrally rounded, posteroventrally acute, pereonites 2-6 becoming posteroventrally produced and acute, pereonite 7 coxal plate slightly shorter than that of pereonite 6 in lateral view. Pleonites 1-5 free, subequal in middorsal length, occasionally with tiny denticles on hind margins. Telson tapering to truncate posterior margin armed with 8 stout spines and intervening plumose setae. Antenna 1 reaching posteriorly to pereonite _ 5; 2 basal peduncle segment broad, segment 2 longer than segment 1; segment 3 about 3 length | and much narrower than segment 2; flagellum of 14 articles, 2 basal articles bearing 4 rows of aesthetascs. Antenna 2 reaching posteriorly to | pereonite 7, 3 basal peduncle segments subequal | in length, segment 4 14 longer than segment 3; | segment 5 about twice length of 4, narrower; | flagellum of 11 articles, terminal article with 2 elongate setae. Mandibular palp 3-segmented, segment 2 about twice length of segment 1, | bearing 12 fringed spines distally; segment 3 | about half length of segment 2, with 9 spines — increasing in length distally; incisor with 3 NUMBER 24 FIGURE 23.—Metacirolana halia, new species: a, 6, dorsal view; b, 2, dorsal view; c, antenna 2, 6; d, antenna 1, 6; e, antenna 2, 9; f, antenna 1, 9; g, pleotelsonic apex; h, coxal plates, lateral view; 7, uropod. ou 38 k FIGURE 24.—Metacirolana halia, new species: a, mandible; 6, maxilla 1; c, maxilla 2; d, maxilliped; e, pereopod 1; f, pereopod 7; g, pleopod 1; h, pleopod 2, 6; 7, pleopod 3; 7, pleopod 4; k, pleopod 5. | NUMBER 24 | strongly sclerotized cusps; spine row with 9 | spines. Maxilla 1, inner ramus with 3 stout setae; outer ramus with 10 distal spines. Maxilla 2, | immer ramus with 5 elongate spines on broad | distal margin, innermost spine longest, fringed; | inner lobe of outer ramus with 4 spines, outer lobe with 3 spines. Maxillipedal endite with 2 _ coupling hooks on median margin, and 4 fringed | setae palp with segment 3 longest and broadest, | 3 distal segments setose on mediodistal margin. Pereopod 1, dactylus with strong unguis; propo- dus proximally expanded, posterior margin with 3 sensory spines; carpus triangular, with 2 sen- sory spines on posterior margin; merus with 3 short sensory spines on posterior margin. Per- eopod 7, propodus with 4 distal fringed spines, posterior margin with 2 clumps of spines; carpus with distal band of about 11-12 fringed spines, _ 2 spine clumps on posterior margin; merus with _ anterodistal clump of fringed spines, 2 spine clumps on posterior margin; ischium with 3 an- | terodistal fringed spines, 3 spines on posterior _ margin. Pleopod 1, endopod narrower than ex- | opod, parallel-sided for *4 of length, distally _ broadly rounded; exopod ovate, distally broad. _ Pleopod 2, endopod and exopod equally broad _ copulatory stylet articulating near base of endo- _ pod, cylindrical, apically tapered, just reaching beyond ramus. Pleopods 3-5, endopods broadly ovate, with transverse suture at about midlength. _ Uropodal basis produced into acutely triangular _ lobe along medial margin of endopod; endopod distally expanded, bearing 12 stout spines and plumose setae; exopod ovate, outer margin ser- rate, bearing 11 stout spines on outer and distal margins, plus plumose setae. Female: Body markedly setose in posterior half, about twice longer than wide. Dorsolateral eyes not so large as in male. Pleon shorter than in male, more setose, with tiny scattered denticles on posterior margins. Antenna | reaching pos- teriorly to pereonite 1, flagellum of 10 articles, single aesthetasc on articles 7-9. Antenna 2 reaching posteriorly to pereonite 2, flagellum of 10 articles. REMARKS.—See “Remarks” section at end of Metacirolana menziesi. 39 ETYMOLOGY.—The specific epithet is derived from the Greek halis (abundance, crowds, swarms) and refers to the fact that the species occurs in large numbers in a variety of habitats at Carrie Bow Cay. Metacirolana menziesi, new species FIGURES 25, 26 MATERIAL EXAMINED.—Holotype: USNM 211251, 6, TL 2.3 mm, sta K-74, rubble from outer reef slope, 18 m. Allotype: USNM 211252, ovig 2, TL 2.1 mm, sta K-62, rubble from outer reef slope, 5-8 m. Paratypes: USNM 211253, 6, TL 2.2 mm, 5 ovig 2, 2.0-2.4 mm, 2 9, sta AC-509, rubble from spur and groove zone, 14 m. USNM 211254, 26, TL 2.0 mm, 5 9, TL 2.0-2.2 mm, ] juv, sta K-62, rubble from outer reef slope, 5— 8 m. Additional Material: USNM 211255, 1 6, 6 ovig 2, 13 9, 2 juvs, sta K-4, K-65, K-70, K-73, K-74, from rubble on fore reef slope; from clumps of Halimeda sp. on fore reef, 0.5-30 m. USNM 211256, 8 9, 12 juvs, sta H(80)-11, H(80)- 16, H(80)-22, H(80)-32, H(80)-41, rubble from fore reef, 27-36 m. USNM 211257, °, sta H(83)- 1, reef drop-off, 128 m. USNM 211258, 6 @, 2 juvs, sta RC-20, reef crest rubble, 0.1 m. DESCRIPTION.—Male: Body dorsally strongly arched, 2/2 times longer than wide, widest at pereonite 6. Integument with scattered red- brown chromatophores on head, pereon, and pleon. Under very high magnification, integu- ment of head and pereon with very fine trans- verse striae. Head with large dorsolateral eyes; fairly strong rostral point; frontal lamina ante- riorly convex, tapering to point between bases of antenna 2. Clypeus broadly triangular, project- ing ventrally. Coxal plates 1-4 with posteroven- tral corners more or less right angled; 5—7 pro- duced posteriorly, acute. Pereonite 1 about twice length of pereonite 2; pereonites 2—7 subequal in middorsal length. Sideplate of pleonite 1 overlapped by coxal plate of pereonite 7; side- plate of pleonite 5 overlapped by that of pleonite 40 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES FIGURE 25.—Metacirolana menziesi, new species: a, @, dorsal view; b, antenna 2, 6; c, antenna 1, 6; d, antenna 1, 9; e, antenna 2, 9; f, mandible; g, maxilla 1; A, maxilla 2; i, maxilliped; 7, uropod. | NUMBER 24 4] g h FIGURE 26.—Metacirolana menziesi, new species: a, pleotelsonic apex, 6; b, pleotelsonic apex, 2: c, pereopod 1; d, pereopod 7; e, pleopod 1; f, pleopod 2, 6; g, pleopod 3; h, pleopod 4; 7, pleopod 5. 4; posterior margin of pleonite 5 faintly sinuous. Pleotelson considerably broader than long, pos- terior margin evenly convex, with about 20 fine teeth interspersed with short plumose setae. Antenna 1, 2 basal peduncle segments sub- equal; segment 3 short; flagellum of 8 articles, articles 1 and 2 with several aesthetascs, articles 3-7 each with single aesthetasc. Antenna 2 reach- ing posteriorly to pereonite 3; peduncle segments 1-3 short, subequal in length; segments 4 and 5 cylindrical; segment 4 about % length of segment 5; flagellum of 10 setose articles. Mandibular palp 3-segmented, segment 2 with 7 fringed spines distally; segment 3 */ length of segment 2, with 7 distal fringed spines; incisor of 3 broad cusps, spine row with 9 stout spines. Maxilla 1, inner ramus with 3 stout fringed setae; outer ramus with 10 distal spines, some faintly dentate. Maxilla 2, inner ramus with 6 mediodistal spines; inner lobe of outer ramus with single terminal spine, outer lobe with 3 spines. Maxillipedal en- dite with single coupling hook, 1 fringed and 2 simple distal setae; palp segment 3 broadest and longest. Pereopod | shorter than following legs; propodus somewhat expanded, with 1 serrate and | sensory spine on posterior margin; carpus short, triangular, with 1 posterodistal sensory spine; merus with 2 sensory spines on posterior 42 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES margin. Pereopod 7, propodus with 2 postero- distal spines, and 1 spine at midlength of poste- rior margin; carpus rectangular, with cluster of distal fringed spines; merus and ischium each with several distal spines. Pleopod 1, basis with 3 retinaculae; endopod shorter and narrower than exopod; latter distally expanded. Pleopod 2, cop- ulatory stylet articulating at base of endopod, extending beyond ramus. Pleopods 3-5 with en- dopod subsimilar, exopods becoming broader posteriorly, each with transverse suture. Uropo- dal basis with narrowly triangular lobe produced along medial margin of inner ramus; latter with broadly rounded mediodistal serrate margin, outer margin less convex; outer ramus half width of endopod, tapering, apically acute, margins distally serrate. Female: Very similar to male, with eyes slightly smaller. Antenna 1, flagellum of 6 arti- cles, 3 distal articles each with single aesthetasc. Antenna 2, flagellum of 9 articles. Posterior pleo- telsonic margin with 22-24 serrations and inter- vening plumose setae relatively longer than in male. REMARKS.—The genus Metacirolana, as diag- nosed by Bruce (1981), possesses an anteriorly dilated frontal lamina, a triangular projecting clypeus, a maxillipedal endite with one coupling hook, and a 5-segmented pleon, with pleonite 5 not overlapped by pleonite 4. The three species of Metacirolana described above agree with the diagnosis in the frontal lamina and clypeus structure. Metacirolana halia, however, possesses two coupling hooks on the maxillipedal endite, and pleonite 5 is overlapped by pleonite 4. Metacirolana agaricicola agrees in all points of the diagnosis. In M. menziesi pleonite 4 overlaps pleonite 5. In spite of the shortcoming of the generic diagnosis, these three species do seem to form a natural group, all possessing a very similar frontal lamina and projecting cly- peus, perhaps the most important features of the genus. Metacirolana halia bears a striking resemblance to M. spinosa Bruce, 1980, described from Queensland, Australia, especially in the tail-fan structure. Bruce’s species, however, is more strongly spinose on the posterior margins of per- eonite 7 and pleonites 1-5, whereas the coxal plates of pereonites 6 and 7 are broader, that of pereonite 7 markedly shorter than 6 in M. spi- nosa. In M. halia, coxal plate 7 is only slightly shorter than 6 and narrower and more acute than in the Australian species. Metacirolana menziesi superficially bears some resemblance to M. serrata (Bruce, 1980) from Heron Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia. The general body shape and tail-fan structure are very similar, but differences may be seen in the spination of maxilla 2, the mandibular palp seg- ments, and the posterior pereopods. The flagella of antenna 1 and 2 in the Australian species possess more articles than the present species, whereas the posterior margin of pleonite 5 is trilobed in M. serrata, evenly convex in M. men- ziesi. Bruce (1981) correctly points out the error of identification of Cirolana mayana by Menzies and Glynn (1968). In fact, their figure of Ciro- lana mayana agrees well with Metacirolana men- ziest, but as their Puerto Rico material could not be located, this identification could not be con- firmed. The three species of Metacirolana that occur at Carrie Bow Cay may easily be separated by the morphological features given in the following tabulation. M. agaricicola M. halia M. menziesi Posterior triangular, truncate, convex, pleo- dentate spinose dentate telsonic margin Antenna2é reaching reaching reaching pereo- pereo- pereo- nite 4 nite 7. nite 3 Uropodal distally distally distally endopod angular truncate angular Uropodal distally distally distally exopod acute rounded acute Pleonite 5, trilobed convex faintly posterior j convex margin ETYMOLOGY.— This species is named for the | || NUMBER 24 late Dr. Robert J. Menzies, indefatigable iso- pod worker. Suborder GNATHIIDEA Family GNATHIIDAE Genus Gnathia Leach, 1813 Gnathia rathi, new species FIGURE 27 MATERIAL EXAMINED.—Holotype: USNM 211328, 6, TL 1.6 mm, sta H(80)-11, from fore | reef slope, 27.4 m. Paratypes: USNM 211329, 13 6, TL 1.6-1.9 mm, 3 9, 1.8-2.2 mm, sta H(83)-1, brought up by fishing line, off reef drop-off, 128 m. USNM 211330, 146, TL 1.6-1.9 mm, 2 2, TL 1.6-1.8 mm, sta H(80)-22, fore reef slope, 36 m. Additional Material: USNM 211331, 184, 1 ovig 2, 1 2, 2 praniza, sta H(80)-4, H(80)-11, H(80)-18, fore reef slope, 1-27.2 m. USNM 211332, 2 6, sta K-101, rubble from fore reef slope, 25 m. USNM 211333, 3 6, sta CBC.2.5.74- 2, CBC.4.5.74-3, rubble from reef flat, 0.5—-1.0 m. DESCRIPTION.—Male: Integument of head and pereonites 1-3 indurate, finely granular. Head with anterior margin barely convex, with lateral conical tubercle medial to mandible; an- terolateral corner bluntly triangular; anterome- dial part of head hollowed, posteromedial part convex; lateral eyes well pigmented. Pereonite | short, lacking free lateral margins. Pereonite 2 slightly shorter than pereonite 3. Pereonites 4—6 broad, poorly defined; pereonite 7 very short, hidden beneath posterior margin of pereonite 6. Pleonites subequal in length. Telson triangular, slightly longer than basal width, lateral margins proximally shallowly serrate, sinuous. Antenna 1, peduncle segment 3 equal in length to 2 basal segments together; flagellum of 4 articles, penultimate article with | aesthetasc, terminal article with 2 aesthetascs. Antenna 2, 3 43 basal peduncle segments short, segment 4 % length of segment 5; flagellum of 6 articles. Man- dible with subacute apex, cutting edge barely crenulate, outer margin with strong convex ridge. Maxilliped of 5 segments, basal segment broad, semicircular, with triangular lobe at inner distal corner; 4 distal segments bearing finely fringed setae. Pylopod with broad basal segment bearing finely fringed setae on convex medial margin; distal ovate segment very small, margins setulose. Pereopod 1, dactylus with strong unguis and tiny accessory spine; propodus with 2 spines on posterior margin; carpus with 2 conical tuber- cles on posterior margin; merus and ischium with scattered tubercles on posterior surface. Pereo- pod 6 with posterior margins of propodus, car- pus, merus, and ischium with fringed scales; basis with spinose tubercles on anterior surface. Uro- podal exopod narrower than but subequal in length to endopod; both rami bearing elongate seta. Female: ‘Typical of genus. REMARKS.—Three species of Gnathia have been recorded from the Caribbean. The com- monest, G. puertoricensis Menzies and Glynn, was collected along with G. rathi at several stations at Carrie Bow Cay. The earlier species has a tiny rostral point flanked by a subacute tubercle, giv- ing the frontal margin a tridentate appearance. The outer ridge of the mandible is not so robust as in G. rathi, and the cutting margin is more strongly dentate. The strongly granulate ante- rior integument of G. rathi is not seen in the earlier species. Gnathia beethoveni Paul and Menzies, from Venezuela, has a median notch and two lateral tubercles on the frontal margin of the head, a mandible with a dentate cutting edge, and lacks integumental granulations. Gnathia triospathiona Boone, from the Gulf Stream off Florida, is a much larger species (6 TL 8.8 mm) than G. rathi, lacks integumental granulations, and has a produced frontal margin. ETYMOLOGY.—The species is named for Tony Rath, as a small token of appreciation for his assistance as station manager at Carrie Bow Cay. 44 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES FIGURE 27.—Gnathia rathi, new species: a, 6, dorsal view; 6, pleotelson and uropod; c, antenna 1; d, antenna 2; e, mandible; f, maxilliped; g, pylopod; h, pereopod 6; i, pereopod 1. NUMBER 24 Suborder VALVIFERA Family ARCTURIDAE Genus Astacilla Cordiner, 1793 Astacilla regina, new species FIGURES 28, 29 MATERIAL EXAMINED.— Holotype: USNM 211334, 6, TL 6.5 mm, sta H(80)-22, fore reef slope, 36 m. Allotype: USNM 211335, ovig 9, TL 7.1 mm, sta H(80)-41, fore reef slope, 36 m. Paratypes: USNM 211336, 2 6, TL 5.9-6.5 mm, 9 juvs, TL 3.1-4.6 mm, sta H(80)-4, H(80)- 11, H(80)-22, fore reef slope, 27.4—36 m. DESCRIPTION.—Male: Body elongate-cylin- drical, geniculate between pereonites 4 and 5. Integument tuberculate. Head with anterior margin evenly concave; anterolateral lobes well produced, rounded in lateral view, with small conical tubercle anterodorsally; dorsolateral eyes large, well pigmented, subcircular; pair of sub- median conical tubercles above eye, second large posterior pair; ventral margin of head not con- cealing mouthparts. Pereonite | fused with head, line of fusion marked by slit in ventral margin; middorsal tubercle near posterior margin; large lateral tubercle present. Pereonites 2 and 3 sub- equal, each with small middorsal tubercle, several smaller lateral tubercles. Pereonite 4, 8 times longer than wide, cylindrical, with strong conical middorsal tubercle just anterior to midlength, smaller middorsal tubercle near posterior mar- gin; several small scattered tubercles. Pereonites 5-7 decreasing in length posteriorly, each with middorsal conical tubercle. Pleotelson with 2 an- terior fused pleonites very weakly indicated, with anterior middorsal tubercle, well-marked lateral “shoulder”; apex subacute. Antenna 1, basal peduncle segment with dis- todorsal conical tubercle, about twice width and 1.5 times length of segment 2; segment 3 slightly narrower and longer than segment 2; flagellum of single article, subequal in length to peduncle, with row of 10 ventral aesthetascs. Antenna 2, 2 45 basal peduncle segments relatively short, seg- ment 2 with 2 distal tubercles; segments 3-5 elongate-cylindrical, segment 4 almost twice length of segment 3; segment 5 subequal to segment 4; flagellum of 2 articles. Mandible with tricuspid incisor, dentate lacinia mobilis; 2 spines in spine row; broadly truncate molar with strong marginal teeth. Maxilla 1, inner ramus with 3 distal fringed setae; outer ramus with 10 stout distal spines, some with dentate margins. Maxilla 2, inner ramus with 6 fringed setae on medio- distal margin, several slender setae on outer dis- tal margin; both lobes of outer ramus bearing 3 elongate distally pectinate spines. Maxillipedal endite distally broad, with 1 coupling hook, 4 fringed setae on mediodistal margin; palp of 5 segments, 4 distal segments setose on medial margins; strong conical spine on endite body near origin of palp. Pereopod 1 shorter than pereopods 2-4; carpus longest segment, bearing 6 distally bipectinate spines on posterior margin, plus several simple setae on medial surface; pro- podus with simple setae on posterior margin plus several ranks of fringed spines on medial surface; dactylus with terminal fringed spine and several less-robust setae on anterior and posterior mar- gins. Pereopods 2-4 similar, lacking dactylus, with propodi, carpi, and meri slender, cylindri- cal, bearing elongate setae on posterior margins. Pereopods 5-7 prehensile, robust, becoming progressively shorter posteriorly. Penis slightly longer than basis of pleopod 1, distally bilobed. Pleopod 1 basis with 3 retinacula; rami of equal length, exopod with notch in proximal half, and 3 elongate setae. Pleopod 2, copulatory stylet articulating on inner margin of endopod near base, reaching by half its length beyond rami, distally trifid, with 2 slender elongate lobes shielded basally by third acute process. Uropod with outer ramus triangular, margins setulose; inner ramus half length and % basal width of outer ramus, with 2 elongate distal setae. Female: Integument relatively more tuber- culate than in male. Head and pereonites 1-3 similar to male; pereonite 4 only slightly longer than greatest anterior width; coxal plate with 2 marginal tubercles, segment tapering poste- 46 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES FIGURE 28.—Astacilla regina, new species: a, ovigerous ?, dorsal view; b, 6, lateral view; c, mandible; d, maxilla 2; e, maxilliped; f, maxilla 1; g, antenna 1. NUMBER 24 FIGURE 29.—Astacilla regina, new species: a, uropodal rami; b, penis; c, pleopod 1, ¢; d, pleopod 2, 6, with apices of copulatory stylet enlarged; e, pereopod 1; f, pereopod 4. 47 48 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES riorly, with middorsal granular-tuberculate raised area in anterior half. Pereonites 5—7 and pleotelson as in male. REMARKS.— Two species of Astacilla have been recorded from the Caribbean area, viz., A. cymo- docea Menzies and Glynn and A. lasallae Paul and Menzies. The former seems to be an obligate epibiont of seagrasses, especially of Syringodium filiforme. The species is always bright green in life and lacks any integumental sculpturing. Astacilla lasallae was described from as single juvenile male (not a female as stated in the de- scription), collected from Venezuela. This spe- cies lacks the conical pairs of tubercles on the head and the middorsal tubercles of the three posterior pereonites and first pleonite. The in- tegument is not tuberculate as in similar-sized males of A. regina. Arcturella sawayae Moreira, 1973, described from a single ovigerous female from southern Brazil, very closely resembles the ovigerous fe- male in the present collection, especially in the integumental sculpturing. The second antenna of the Brazilian species, however, is shorter than in A. regina, and the marsupial plate of pereonite 4 is granulate, unlike the smooth plate of A. regina. The anterior pereopods (Moreira, 1973, figs. 5 and 6) agree well with those of Astacilla. Menzies and Kruczynski (1983) recorded two new species of Arcturella from the central west Florida shelf. (In spite of being assigned to the genus Arcturella, these species must be consid- ered, as the confusion between Astacilla and Arc- turella has yet to be resolved.) The holotype female of A. bispinata shows a body form and integumental sculpturing very different from the present species. The female of A. spinata, however, has integumental sculp- turing very similar to Astacilla regina. The follow- ing differences serve to separate the two species: the antero- and posteromedian spines on pereon- ite 4 of the female are much stronger in A. spinata than in A. regina; the inner ramus of maxilla 2 bears four stout setae in A. spinata, three in A. regina; the maxillipedal endite of A. spinata is distally more rounded and bears more fringed spines, than in A. regina; and the inner uropodal ramus bears three setae in A. spinata, two in A. regina. As the male pleopods of A. spinata were not figured, no useful speculation on the generic affinities of the Florida species can be made. Two of the samples from which A. regina was collected contained gorgonaceans, Muriceopsis cf. petila and Pseudopterogorgia sp. Whether this is a real association remains to be confirmed. ETYMOLOGY.—The species is named for Re- gina Lewis, of Dangriga, Belize, longtime cook for the IMSWE project, as a small token of appreciation for her unflagging efforts in the kitchen. Suborder ASELLOTA Family STENETRIIDAE Genus Stenetrium Haswell, 1881 Stenetrium bowmani, new species FIGURES 30, 31 MATERIAL EXAMINED.—Holotype: USNM 211293, 6, TL 5.0 mm, sta K-62, reef slope rubble, 5—8 m. Paratypes: USNM 211294, 196, TL 3.8-6.0 mm, 18 ovig 2, 3.2-5.2 mm, 24 9, 3.1-5.0 mm, sta H(81)-36, from Agaricia sp. from spur and groove zone, 9.1 m. USNM 211295, 9 6, TL 3.3-5.1 mm, 3 ovig 2, 4.5-5.0 mm, 12 2, TL 3.1-4.0 mm, 6 juvs, sta H(81)-4, from Halimeda | sp. alga on fore reef, 15.2 m. Additional Material: H(81)-6, H(81)-7, H(81)-16, H(81)-18, H(81)-19, H(81)-20, H(81)-21, H(81)-22, H(81)-23, H(81)- 24, H(81)-27, H(81)-39, H(81)-41, H(81)-42, H(81)-45, H(81)-49, H(81)-52, H(81)-53, H(81)- 54, H(81)-55, from Halimeda sp. alga, and Agar- icia sp. and Porites sp. coral in fore reef slope and spur and groove zone, 1-15.2 mm. USNM 211297, 34 4, 25 ovig 2, 38 9, 46 juvs, sta H(80)- 16, H(80)-26, H(80)-31, H(80)-32, H(80)-38, USNM 211296, 120 6, | 50 ovig 2, 112 2, 238 juvs, sta H(81)-3, H(81)-5, | NUMBER 24 FIGURE 30.—Stenetrium bowmani, new species: a, whole animal, dorsal view; 6, antenna 1; c, antenna 2, peduncle; d, mandible; e, maxilla 1; f, maxilla 2; g, maxilliped; h, pleopod 1, 6; 7, pleopod 2, 6; j, operculum, ?; k, pleopod 3, 6; 1, pleopod 4, 6; m, uropod. 50 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 4 FIGURE 31.—Stenetrium bowmani, new species: a, pereopod 1, 6; b, pereopod 1, 9; c, pereopod 7. H(80)-42, fore reef slope, 2-15 m. USNM 211298, 26 d, 16 ovig 2, 18 9, 43 juvs, sta K-21, K-35, K-60, K-61, K-62, K-70, K-73, K-74, from rubble on outer reef slope, and on Halimeda sp. alga, 1-20 m. USNM 211299, 2 6, 1 8, sta CBC.4.5.74-3, from reef crest rubble, 0.5 m. DESCRIPTION.—Male: Body about 3. times longer than wide, widest at pereonite 5. Head with dorsolateral eyes well pigmented, well raised above level of lateral margins; anterolateral lobes of head acutely triangular, outer margins serrate; frontal margin between acute antennal spines straight; rostrum convex, with fine marginal teeth. Anterolateral lobes of pereonites 1-4 acute; posterodistal lobes of pereonites 5 and 6 rounded, of pereonite 7 acute. Pleotelson wider J} than long, lateral margins with 5 strong teeth; posterior margin between uropodal bases con- vex. Antenna 1, basal segment broadest; elongate | NUMBER 24 simple setae on segments 1-3; flagellum of 14 _articles, single aesthetasc on each of 9 distal ar- ' ticles. Antenna 2 slightly longer than total body | length; 2 basal peduncle segments short; segment | 3 longer than segments | and 2 together, bearing | setose scale on outer margin; segment 4 about “4 length of segment 3; segments 5 and 6 elongate- cylindrical, segment 6 slightly longer than 5. | Mouthparts typical of genus. Maxillipedal endite with 4 coupling hooks on mesial margin. Pereo- pod 1 large in mature male; merus slightly longer than carpus, posterodistal corner rounded, se- _ tose; carpus with fairly strong rounded setose posteriodistal lobe; propodus expanded, slightly longer than broad, anterior margin strongly con- vex and setose, posterior margin with dense _ fringe of setae; palm with 3 strong conical teeth, | posterodistal tooth longest, narrower than 2 in- ner teeth; dactylus curved, strongly setose, ex- tending well beyond posterodistal palmar tooth. Pereopods 2-7 similar, meri triangular, with an- _ terodistal lobe bearing slender spine; carpi elon- _ gate-rectangular, subequal in length to propodi, _ both armed with short sensory spines on poste- rior margins; dactyli biunguiculate, 2 ungui | equally strong, curved; strong accessory spine on _ posterior margin. Pleopod 1 proximally parallel- sided, tapering for distal third to rounded apex; outer margin setose. Pleopod 2 typical of genus. _ Pleopod 3, outer ramus very broadly rounded, with transverse suture in distal half; inner ramus triangular, just reaching beyond suture of outer ramus, with 4 distal setae. Pleopod 4, outer ra- ~ mus with transverse suture in proximal half, with row of 7 setae on outer distal margin, reaching _ apex of inner ramus; latter broadly oval. Uropod with basis shorter than rami; outer ramus shorter _ than inner, both with elongate simple setae. Female: Pereopod 1 shorter than following pereopods, merus with strong spine at antero- distal angle, posteriodistally setose; carpus slightly longer than merus, posterior margin strongly setose; propodus twice longer than wide; posterior margin strongly setose, junction of pos- terior margin and palm marked by strong fringed spine; palm almost straight, bearing row of finely 91 serrate spines; dactylus with row of tiny spines on posterior margin. Pleonal operculum longer than wide, distally rounded. Color: Dorsal integument with small, scat- tered, red-brown chromatophores, with irregu- lar open patches on head, pleon, and usually on pereonite 4; uropods with very fine chromato- phores, and chalky-white patches at distal basis and apex of both rami. REMARKS.—Of the six species of Stenetrium occurring at Carrie Bow Cay, only S. serratum Hansen and the present species possess a serrate pleotelson. Hansen’s species has a very distinctive color pattern of very fine chromatophores, the double transverse band on the pleon being the most obvious feature. The more evenly scattered and larger chromatophores of S. bowmani are very different from S. serratum. Pereopod 1 of the male in S. serratum has two spines (the outermost being the larger and curved) on the _ ill-defined propodal palm, whereas in S. bowmanz1, this appendage has a well- defined palm bearing three spines. ETYMOLOGY.—The species is named for the late Henry Bowman, Jr., of Dangriga, Belize, whose assistance to the IMSWE project and to the author was invaluable. Stenetrium minocule Menzies and Glynn, 1968 FIGURE 32 Stenetrium minocule Menzies and Glynn, 38A-E. 1968:72, fig. MATERIAL EXAMINED.—USNM 211290, 8 6, 15 2, 2 juvs, sta H(80)-7, H(80)-11, H(80)-18, H(80)-22, H(80)-32, H(80)-35, H(80)-41, from fore reef slope, 15-36 m, from Thalassia sea- grass, 1-2 m. USNM 211291, 44, 4 9, sta K-21, K-22, K-35, K-36, rubble from fore reef slope, 11-20 m. USNM 211292, 1 ovig 9, 10 9, sta RC- 10, RC-96, RC-99, rubble from reef crest, 0.1 m. REMARKS.—This species was described from the single female holotype (USNM_ 118355) taken from the intertidal of Laurel Reef, Puerto 52 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES a FIGURE 32.—Stenetrium minocule Menzies and Glynn: a, pereopod 1, 6; 6, pereopod 1, 9. Rico. With a large collection now available from Belize, it was felt desirable to figure the first pereopod of the male and female. Stenetrium patulipalma, new species FIGURES 33, 34 MATERIAL EXAMINED.—Holotype: USNM 211284, ovig 2, TL 2.7 mm, sta H(81)-35, from Agaricia sp. coral in spur and groove zone, 9.1 m. Paratypes: USNM 211285, 2 9, TL 2.0 mm, 2.1 mm, sta H(80)-11, H(80)-16, from fore reef slope, 27.4 m. USNM 211286, 6, TL 2.0 mm, 2 ovig 9, TL 1-9 omm, 20 mmm, 3) oes 220 mm, sta H(81)-9, H(81)-11, H(81)-13, H(81)-32, from Agaricia sp., Madracis sp., and Porites sp. corals from fore reef slope, 9.1—15.2 m. DESCRIPTION.—Ovigerous Female: Body 3-4 | NUMBER 24 FIGURE 33.—Stenetrium patulipalma, new species: a, 2, dorsal view; 6, antenna 1; c, maxilla 2; d, maxilliped; e, pereopod 7; f, mandible; g, maxilla 1; h, pereopod 1, 9; 7, antenna 2, 3 basal segments; j, uropod. 53 54 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES d FIGURE 34.—Stenetrium patulipalma, new species: a, operculum, 9; b, pleopod 1, 6; c, pleopod 2, 3; d, pleopod 3, 6; e, pleopod 2, 9; f, pleopod 3, 9; g, pleopod 4. times longer than wide, widest at pereonite 1. Head with lateral margins entire, anterolateral process acutely triangular, frontal margin straight; narrow rostrum barely defined, anterior margin straight; eyes dorsolateral, of 10 omma- tidia. Pereonites 1 and 2 widest anteriorly, with acutely triangular anterolateral angle. Pereonites 3 and 4 with anterolateral angles rounded, 4 narrower than 3; pereonites 5—7 with rounded posterolateral lobes. Pleon consisting of 1 free | | pleonite plus pleotelson; latter tapering poste- | riorly, with single lateral tooth at posterior third; |_ posterior margin between lateral teeth very : broadly rounded. Antenna | of 6 articles, basal article with me- diodistal spine, article 2 with laterodistal spine; flagellum of 3 articles, 2 subterminal articles each |— with single aesthetasc, terminal article with 2 _ NUMBER 24 aesthetascs. Antenna 2 with only 3 basal seg- ments present in all specimens; segment 2 with distally setose scale. Mouthparts typical of genus. Maxillipedal palp segments all relatively narrow; endite with 3 retinacula. Pereopod 1, carpus distally widened, with 3 irregular rows of spines on posterodistal margin; propodus very broad, widening distally, palm straight, bearing about 12 short blunt sensory spines; demarked poster- odistally by strong blunt sensory spine; dactylus curved, narrow, with short unguis and 3 sub- apical setae; row of short spines on posterior margin. Pereopods 2-7, propodi elongate-rec- tangular, with 3 slender sensory spines on pos- terior margin; dactyli biunguiculate, with slender sensory spine on posterior margin. Operculum bluntly triangular, with mediodistal slit reaching back ' of total length. Pleopod 3, exopod ovate, biarticulate; endopod with 3 distal plumose setae. Pleopod 4, exopod uniramous, with single distal seta; endopod biarticulate, narrow, with 2 elon- gate distal plumose setae. Pleopod 5 uniramous, elongate-ovate. Uropod, outer ramus shorter than inner, both rami bearing elongate setae. Male: Single specimen lacking pereopod 1. Pleopod 1, sympod apparently indistinguishably fused with sternum; rami about 3 times longer than wide, widest at distal %, distal margin with few setae. Pleopod 2, inner ramus with 2 short spines near distal end of flexed tubular process. Pleopod 3 exopod very broad, biarticulate; en- dopod shorter than exopod, with 4 distal plu- mose setae. Color: Upper lip, bases of antenna | and an- tenna 2, dorsal head, pereon, and pleon with red- brown reticulation of pigment; darker transverse line in anterior of pereonites 2 and 3 and poste- rior of pereonites 4—7. REMARKS.—Schultz (1982) diagnosed two new genera in the Stenetriidae, Tenupedunculus and Stenetrigus, in addition to describing another spe- cies of Protallocoxa. The latter has since been shown to be a true Stenetrium (Wilson, 1980). Many of the features used to separate Tenupe- dunculus from Stenetrium occur in the latter ge- nus, e.g., lack of eyes, shape of the cephalic 55 processes, somewhat elongate antenna 2 pedun- cle articles, and general body shape. The male and female pleopods (used to diagnose families and genera in the Asellota; see Amar, 1957) in Tenupedunculus are identicial to those of Stene- trium. Stenetrigus is separated from Stenetrium by the possession of eyes of few ommatidia, and the first male pleopod lacking a sympod. The present species (Stenetrium patulipalma) possesses eyes of 10 ommatidia, not in the reniform arrangement common in Stenetrium. The rami of the male pleopod 1 appear entirely separate and originat- ing on the sternum. This probably indicates a very reduced sympod and does not constitute a strong enough reason for separation from Stene- trium, especially as the pleopodal pattern is iden- tical to the latter genus. For these reasons, the present species is placed in Stenetrium, and Ten- upedunculus and Stenetrigus are regarded as syn- onyms of Stenetrium. The species is separated from the other Caribbean species, and indeed from all other Stenetrium, by the following com- bination of characters: color pattern, poorly de- fined rostrum, very broad posterior pleotelsonic margin, relatively large and broad first pereo- pods in the female, and the non-reniform ar- rangement of ommatidia in the eye. ETYMOLOGY.—The specific epithet is a com- bination of the Latin patulus (broad) plus palma (palm) and refers to the very broad propodus of pereopod 1. Stenetrium spathulicarpus, new species FIGURES 35, 36, 37d Stenetrium occidentale.—Menzies and Glynn, 1968:71, figs. 34, 35 [not Hansen, 1904]. MATERIAL EXAMINED.—Holotype: USNM 211274, 6, TL 3.4 mm, sta H(81)-41, from Agar- icia sp. coral from reef platform, 1-2 m. Allotype: USNM 211275, ovig 2, TL 4.1 mm, sta K-35, from rubble on outer reef slope, 20 m. Paratypes: USNM 211276, 12 6, TL 3.9-4.1 mm, 5 ovig 9, TL 2.8-3.8 mm, 7 9, 5 juvs, sta K-35, from rubble on outer reef slope, 20 m. 56 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES FIGURE 35.—Stenetrium spathulicarpus, new species: a, whole animal, dorsal view; b, antenna 1; c, mandible; d, maxilla 2; e, uropod; f, maxilla 1; g, maxilliped; h, pleopod 1, 6; 7, pleopod 2, 6; j, pleopod 3, 3; k, pleopod 4, 6; 1, pleopod 5, 3; m, operculum, 9. 57 NUMBER 24 MY, ° ee SIS « ‘ IBN ee \ y YY AY OL ERE 08 Ser2l00 95 Ov, 09 2 2g°20° $32 9 220 0° 990 of setae majority omitted; b, pereopod 1, 9, some setae omitted; c, pereopod 7. FIGURE 36.—Stenetrium spathulicarpus, new species: a, pereopod 1, 4, 58 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES USNM 211277, 106, TL 3.3-4.0 mm, 6 ovig 9, TL 3.0-3.9 mm, 17 juvs, sta CBC-4.5.74-3, from coral rubble on reef crest, 0.5 m. Additional Material: USNM 211278, 170 6, 112 ovig 2, 120 9, 117 juvs, sta H(81)-7, H(81)- 8, H(81)-9, H(81)-10, H(81)-11, H(81)-12, H(81)-13, H(81)-14, H(81)-15, H(81)-16, H(81)- 17, H(81)-19, H(81)-20, H(81)-21, H(81)-22, H(81)-26, H(81)-28, H(81)-29, H(81)-32, H(81)- 33, H(81)-35, H(81)-36, H(81)-38, H(81)-39, H(81)-40, H(81)-41, H(81)-42, H(81)-45, H(81)- 48, H(81)-49, H(81)-51, H(81)-54, H(81)-55, H(81)-57, from Agaricia sp., Madracis sp., and Porites sp. corals, and Halimeda sp. alga, on reef crest, spur and groove zone, and fore reef area, 1-15.2 m. USNM 211279, 19 6, 12 ovig 2, 20 9, 25 juvs, sta H(80)-11, H(80)-22, H(80)-35, H(80)-36, H(80)-38, H(80)-39, H(80)-40, H(80)- 41, H(80)-48, from Madracis sp. coral, and Hal- imeda sp. alga, from reef crest, fore reef slope, and Thalassia sp. seagrass, 1-36 m. USNM 211280, 17 6, 8 ovig 2, 22 %, 21 juvs, sta K-35, K-36, K-38, K-99, K-133, K-135, K-136, K-137, K-144, from rubble on reef crest and fore reef slope, from Halimeda sp. alga, from lagoonal patch reef, from Caulerpa verticillata alga under red mangroves, 0.2—23, m. USNM 211281, 2 4, 1 2, sta CBC-7.5.74-1, from reef crest rubble, 0.2 m. DESCRIPTION.—Male: Body narrow, parallel- sided, about 4 times longer than wide. Head with lateral margins entire, with short acute antero- lateral corners, rounded antennal lobes; frontal margin straight, rostrum ill-defined, straight and narrow; dorsolateral eyes strongly pigmented, of about 16 ommatidia. Pereonite 1 with acutely triangular anterolateral lobe; pereonites 2 and 3 with anterolateral corners narrowly and broadly rounded respectively. Pereonites 1—3 increasing in length posteriorly; pereonite 4 shortest. Pleon consisting of very short free anterior pleonite plus pleotelson, latter about as long as wide, with very slight posterior taper, lateral margin entire except for single strong tooth in posterior half; posterior margin between lateral teeth semicir- cular. Antenna | with flagellum of 9 articles, 7 distal articles each with single aesthetasc; elongate sim- ple setae on peduncle segments 2 and 3. Mouth- parts typical for genus. Maxillipedal endite dis- tally broad, with 5 retinacula on medial margin. Pereopod | relatively large in mature male; an- terodistal process of ischium and merus and pos- terodistal surface of merus densely setose; carpus strong distally rounded spoon-shaped postero- distal lobe reaching nearly to palm of propodus, bearing dense marginal setae, well separated from posterior margin of propodus, with rounded setose area along posterior propodal articulation; propodus longer than wide, anterior margin convex, palm with strong posterodistal tooth separated by large gap from 5 or 6 short teeth, medial surface with dense band of elongate simple setae near anterior margin; dactylus just extending beyond palm, but not reaching poster- odistal carpal lobe; anterior margin with dense band of elongate setae, cutting edge with single row of short sensory spines. Ambulatory pereo- pods with triangular meri bearing strong anter- odistal sensory spine; carpi with 2—3 slender sen- sory spines on posterior margins; propodi nar- row-rectangular, with 4 slender sensory spines on posterior margins; dactyli biunguiculate, with additional single short spine or posterior margin. Pleopod 1, rami parallel-sided in proximal half, tapered and marginally sparsely setose in distal half. Pleopod 2 typical of genus. Pleopod 3, outer ramus very broad, biarticulate; inner ramus nar- row, just reaching beyond base of distal exopod articulation, with 4 apical plumose setae. Pleopod 4, outer ramus biarticulate, distal article trian- gular, with 8 plumose setae on outer distal mar- gin; endopod of single article, shorter and broader than exopod. Pleopod 5 of single broad ramus, with 5 plumose setae on oblique-truncate distal margin. Uropod, inner ramus slightly longer and broader than outer, both bearing very elongate distal setae. Ovigerous Female: Pereopod 1 with dense clumps of simple setae on anterodistal and pos- terodistal part of merus and posterior margin of slightly produced and rounded carpal lobe; pro- NUMBER 24 podus longer than wide, with fairly dense elon- gate setae on posterior margin and inner anterior surface; straight propodal palm with strong pos- terodistal spine and row of very finely serrate slender spines; dactylus with row of short serrate spines on cutting margin. Pleonal operculum about 3 longer than wide, distally narrowly rounded. Color: Head with dark brown anteromedially pointed band of pigment between eyes; anterior margin with narrow dark marginal band. Ros- trum and labrum bearing fairly dense reticula- tion of pigment. Posterior half of head, all per- eonites, and pleon with scattered thin reticula- tion of dorsal pigment, sometimes forming ill- defined anterior and posterior transverse lines on pereonites. REMARKS.— The present species could be con- fused with a complex of three West Indian spe- cies, especially if mature male material were not available. These three species are S. stebbingi Richardson, 1902 (from Bermuda), S. occidentale Hansen, 1904 (from St Thomas, West Indies), and S. antillense Hansen, 1904 (from West In- dies, probably 100 fathoms). Re-examination of Menzies and Glynn’s 1968 material from Puerto Rico shows it to be S. spathulicarpus. Menzies and Glynn did suggest that the three earlier species might be conspecific, along with S. medi- pacificum from Hawaii and S. gilbertense from the Gilbert Islands. The latter two species are almost certainly not closely related to the West Indian species. Examination of material of S. stebbingi (the name with priority) from Belize, as well as the types of the three earlier species, strongly suggests a single species, slightly variable in the structure of the male pereopod 1 (which in turn depends on the degree of maturity of the speci- men). Menzies and Kruczynski (1983) do synon- ymize the three earlier species. Stenetrium spathulicarpus may be separated from S. stebbingi on several features (see following tabulation), which may be thought to be unduly subtle, but which are fully as obvious as features used in the past to define species of Stenetriwm (e.g, see Kensley, 1980). 59 S. stebbingi S. spathulicarpus Pigment pattern no band strong band between eyes between eyes Eye shape bunched narrow, curved Carpal lobe of apically acute apically rounded pereopod 1 Propodal palm _ barely defined well defined Dactylus of overreaching not overreaching pereopod 1 in carpal lobe apex carpal lobe apex mature 6 ETYMOLOGY.—The specific epithet is derived from the Latin spathula (spoon) plus carpus (wrist) and refers to the carpal lobe of pereopod 1 in the male. Stenetrium stebbingi Richardson, 1902 FIGURE 37a-c Stenetrium stebbingi Richardson, 1902:295, pl. 39: figs. 46— 49; 1905:444, figs. 499-501.—Hansen, 1904:325.— Menzies and Glynn, 1968:71.—Schultz, 1969:240, fig. 377.—Menzies and Kruczynski, 1983:97, fig. 33. Stenetrium antillense Hansen, 1904:326, pl. 20: fig. 3, pl. 21: fig. 1.—Richardson, 1905:446, fig. 502.—Wolff, 1962:25.—Menzies and Glynn, 1968:71.—Schultz, 1969:240, fig. 376.—Menzies and Kruczynski, 1983:97. Stenetrium occidentale Hansen, 1904:324, pl. 20: fig. 2.— Richardson, 1905:441, fig. 498.—Wolff, 1962:25.— Menzies and Glynn, 1968:71, figs. 34, 35.—Schultz, 1969:239, fig. 375.—Menzies and Kruczynski, 1983:97. MATERIAL EXAMINED.—Syntypes: USNM 24877, 4 6, Bermuda. USNM 24878, 3 9, Ber- muda, 1-12 ft. USNM 211287, 6, sta H(80)-22, fore reef slope, 36 m. USNM 211288, 2 4, 4 8, 1 juv, sta H(81)-33, H(81)-35, H(81)-36, from Agaricia sp. coral in spur and groove zone, 9.1 m. USNM 211289, 44, ovig @, 3 2, 4 juvs, sta K- 136, from Halimeda sp. on patch reef, 6 m. Additional Material: Lectotype 6 of S. antil- lense, Copenhagen Museum, West Indies, in coral, 100 fms (50 m). Lectotype 6 of S. occiden- tale, Copenhagen Museum, St. Thomas, West Indies, 12-15 fms (6—7.5 m). REMARKS.—The distal part of pereopod 1 of a syntype male of S. stebbingi and of the lectotype male of S. antillense and S. occidentale are illus- trated in Figure 37. 60 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES a C d FIGURE 37.—Stenetrium stebbingi Richardson: a, pereopod 1, lectotype 6 of S. antillense; 6, pereopod 1, syntype of S. stebbingi; c, pereopod 1, lectotype 6 of S. occidentale. Stenetrium spathulicarpus: d, pereopod 1, 6. (Setae omitted on all figures.) | NUMBER 24 Family JANIRIDAE Genus Bagatus Nobili, 1906 Bagatus punctatus, new species FIGURES 38, 39 MATERIAL EXAMINED.—Holotype: USNM 211300, 6, TL 2.1 mm, sta H(81)-49, from Por- ites sp. coral on reef flat, 1-2 m. Allotype: USNM 211301, ovig 2, TL 2.8 mm, sta H(81)-48, from Porites sp. coral on reef flat, 1-2 m. Paratypes: USNM 211302, 2 6, TL 1.9-2.0 mm, | ovig 2, TL 2.3 mm, sta H(81)-48, from Porites sp. coral on reef flat, 1-2 m. USNM 211303, ovig 9, TL 2.2 mm, 2 9, 1.9-2.0 mm, sta H(81)-49, from Porites sp. coral on reef flat, 1-2 m. USNM 211304, 6, TL 2.2 mm, sta H(81)- 52, from Porites sp. coral on reef flat, 1-2 m. USNM 211305, 3 6, TL 2.0-2.2, 2 ovig 9, TL 2.5-2.6 mm, sta CBC-15.1.76-2, rubble from reef crest, 0.1 m. Additional Material: USNM 211306, 3 6, 2 ovig 2, 1 2, sta RC-3, RC-18, RC-84, RC-97, reef crest rubble, 0.1 m. USNM 211307, 3 ovig 9, 1 2, sta H(81)-9, H(81)-16, H(81)-50, from Porites sp. and Agaricia sp. corals on fore reef, 1-15.2 m. USNM 211308, 1 6, 3 9, sta H(80)-6, Glovers Reef, Belize, 0-3 m. USNM 211309, 1 6, 3 9, sta CBC-14.1.76-3, reef crest rubble, 0.1 m. DESCRIPTION.—Male: Body 2.5 times longer than wide, widest at pereonite 6. Head with frontal margin gently convex; anterolateral cor- ners rounded; lateral margins entire; well-pig- mented dorsolateral eyes. Pereonites widening very slightly posteriorly; pereonite 1, anterolat- eral corner acute, all other pereonites rounded. Coxae visible on all pereonites. Pleotelson wider than long; lateral margins tapering posteriorly, concave at uropodal insertions, broadly rounded between uropods. Antenna | of 7 articles, 2 distal articles each with single aesthetasc. Antenna 2 with short se- tose scale on peduncle segment 2, 3 proximal segments short, 2 distal segments elongate, seg- 61 ment 5 slightly longer than 4; flagellum of 24 setose articles. Mandibular palp, segment 2 bear- ing 3 distal fringed spines; terminal segment curved, with 11 spines, distal 5 becoming pro- gressively longer; molar distally broadly trun- cate; incisor of 6 cusps; 6 spines in spine row. Maxilla 1, inner ramus with 4 simple spines; outer ramus with 10 serrate spines. Maxilla 2, inner ramus with dense simple and serrate spines; inner lobe of outer ramus with 3 spines, outer lobe with 4 spines. Maxillipedal endite with 2 retinacula on medial margin, distal margin with about 12 fringed setae; 3 basal palp segments broad, 2 distal segments narrow. Pereopod 1, carpus 1.5 times longer than wide, with strong posterodistal triangular process and _ strong rounded lobe on distal margin, numerous setae on posterior margin; propodus curved, longer than distal carpal margin, with 3 rounded proc- esses on posterior margin; dactylus short, biun- guiculate. Pereopods 2-7 similar, carpi and pro- podi with 2 and 3 sensory spines respectively on posterior margin; dactyli biunguiculate. Pleopod 1, outer lobe of ramus narrowly acute, extending well beyond broadly angular inner setose lobe. Pleopod 2, inner ramus narrowly tapering, reaching beyond broadly rounded outer ramus, latter bearing 7 distal setae. Pleopod 3, inner ramus about 3% times width of outer ramus, with 3 strong distal plumose setae; outer ramus with 4 simple distal setae, outer margin densely setulose. Uropodal peduncle slightly shorter than outer ramus, latter slightly shorter than inner ramus; rami tapering, with elongate distal setae. Ovigerous Female: Pereopod 1, carpus broad- est at midlength, lacking free distal margin; pos- terior margin armed with about 12 strong sen- sory spines; propodus lacking armature on pos- terior margin except for single posterodistal sen- sory spine; dactylus biunguiculate. Operculum slightly broader than long, distal margin broadly bilobed, setose. Color: Large dark-brown chromatophores on antennal peduncles, upper lip, and uropods. En- tire dorsum of body with dense chromatophores in patchy and reticulate arrangement. SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES 62 antenna 1; ¢, h, maxilliped. dorsal view; }, > new species: a, whole animal FIGURE 38.—Bagatus punctatus, uropod; f, maxilla 1; g, maxilla 2; ? antenna 2; d, mandible; e NUMBER 24 FIGURE 39.—Bagatus punctatus, new species: a, pereopod 1, 6; b, pereopod 2; c, pereopod 7; d, pleopod 1, 6; e, pleopod 2, 6; f, pleopod 3, 6; g, operculum, ?. 63 64 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES REMARKS.—Pires (1982), in a revision of Ba- gatus, divided the 12 species into two groups based on the structure of the male pereopod 1 and pleopod 2. The sympod of pleopod 2 is setose, a feature of the “stylodactylus” group. Based on pereopod | structure, however, the present species falls into the “minutus” group and closely resembles B. bruce: Monod, from the Indo-West Pacific. The two species can be sepa- rated by the pleotelson structure (posteriorly more strongly produced in B. punctatus), the male pereopod | (inner carpal tooth rounded in B. punctatus, acute in B. brucei; propodus with two teeth in B. brucei, three in B. punctatus), and pleopod | in the male (the inner distal lobe is barely demarked in B. brucei, well demarked and angular in B. punctatus). The latter bears little resemblance to any of the species previously re- corded from the western Atlantic. ETYMOLOGY.—The specific epithet refers to the large, dark-brown dorsal chromatophores of both the male and the female. Family MICROPARASELLIDAE Genus Angliera Chapuis and Delamere- Deboutteville, 1955 Angliera psamathus, new species FIGURE 40 MATERIAL EXAMINED.—Holotype: USNM 911322, 6, TL 1.0 mm, from interstitial water, intertidal sand bank, east side of Carrie Bow Cay. Paratypes: USNM 211323, 8 6, TL 1.0 mm, 2 ovig 2, TL 1.0 mm, 6 2, TL 1.0 mm, from interstitial water, intertidal sand bank, east side of Carrie Bow Cay. DESCRIPTION.—Male: Body 7 times longer than wide, widest in anterior head region. Head with anterior margin faintly trilobed, about twice length of pereonite 1. Pereopodal insertions an- terodorsal in pereonites 1—4, posterodorsal in pereonites 5—7. Pleon of 1 free segment, 4 mid- dorsal length of pleotelson; latter about 114 times longer than wide; posterior margin with low mid- dorsal concavity. Antenna | of 7 articles, articles 1 and 2 long- est; 2 distal articles each with single aesthetasc. Antenna 2, peduncle of 5 articles, subequal in length to flagellum of 8 articles. Mandibular palp 3-articulate, articles decreasing in length and width distally; terminal article strongly hooked; masticatory processes directed mediolaterally, asymmetrical; right mandible with 2 outer fixed spinose teeth and 2 inner articulated spinose teeth; left mandible with 3 fixed and 1 mobile spinose teeth. Maxilla 1, inner lobe broadly oval, with 4 elongate simple setae medially and 9 shorter fringed setae mediodistally; outer ramus with 10 sinuous distally pectinate spines, 1 sim- ple, 1 fringed, and 1 distally pectinate spine near mediodistal angle. Maxilla 2, inner ramus basally curved, with 3 elongate fringed and 2 simple apical setae, 3 elongate fringed setae on medial margin; inner lobe of outer ramus somewhat longer than outer, both bearing 4 elongate fringed setae distally. Maxilliped with 4-articu- late palp, basal article about twice longer than wide, with inner distal angle acute; article 2 length of 3; latter nearly 3 times longer than wide; distal article with broadly cylindrical prox- imal part and tapering curved spinulose distal part; endite broadly truncate, inner distal angle right-angled; medial margin with 2 coupling hooks, with single elongate fringed seta nearby, 5 more distal fringed setae; distal margin bearing 6 basally stout and distally whip-like fringed se- tae, and single distolateral slender seta. Pereopod 1 shorter than following legs; carpus with single sensory spine on posterior margin; propodus dis- tally broader than proximally, with single poster- odistal sensory spine; dactylus with 4 hooked ungui, distalmost longest. Pleopod 1 basally broad, fused with triangular medial structure, tapering somewhat, lobes distally broadly rounded. Pleopod 2 with outer ramus appearing distally hooded; inner ramus with fine whip-like distal part. Uropod biramous, inner (distal) ra- mus subequal in length to peduncle; outer lateral ramus * length of inner. Female: Operculum 1/4 wider than long, dis- tally broadly bilobed. REMARKS.—With Stock’s (1977) description NUMBER 24 FIGURE 40.—Angliera psamathus, new species: a, whole animal, dorsal view; 5, antenna 2; c, antenna 1; d, mandibles; e, maxilliped; f, maxilla 1; g, maxilla 2; h, pleopod 1, d; 1, pleopod 2, 6; j, uropod; k, operculum, 9; /, pereopod 1; m, pereopod 7. 65 66 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES of Angliera dubitans from Bonaire, six species and subspecies of this genus had been described. As Stock (1977) noted, differences between spe- cies, and especially between A. racovitzai from Cuba and A. dubitans, are subtle. The present species differs from the Bonaire species in five features: the outer ramus of the male pleopod 2 appears hooded in A. psamathus but not in A. dubitans; the distal margin of the maxillipedal endite bears five setae in A. dubitans, seven in A. psamathus; the outer ramus of maxilla 1 bears 10 rather than nine distally pectinate spines in A. psamathus; the pereopods are relatively more slender and elongate in the Belize species; and the inner uropodal ramus is subequal in length to the peduncle in A. psamathus, longer than the peduncle in A. dubitans. Differences from the Cuban species may be seen in the maxillipedal palp (the terminal claw- like part of the last segment being more de- marked in A. psamathus) and in the posterior pereopods (A. racovitzai lacks a small claw dorsal to the main dactylar claw). ETyMOLoGY.—The specific epithet is derived from the Greek psamathos (sand of the seashore) and refers to the habitat of the species. Genus Microcharon Karaman, 1934 Microcharon sabulum, new species FIGURE 41 MATERIAL EXAMINED.—Holotype: USNM 211324, 2, TL 1.4 mm, interstitial, from coarse calcareous intertidal sand on east side of Carrie Bow Cay. ' Paratypes: USNM 211325, 176, TL 1.0-1.4 mm, 12 2, TL 1.0-1.5 mm, interstitial, from coarse calcareous sand, east side of Carrie Bow Cay. DESCRIPTION.—Male: Body 7.5 times longer than wide, widest at head midlength. Rostrum narrowly rounded. Pleon consisting of 1 short pleonite plus pleotelson; latter posteriorly tri- lobed. Antenna 1, of 5 articles, distal article having single aesthetasc. Antenna 2 with strong scale on peduncle article 3; article 3 short; articles 5 and 6 elongate, subequal; flagellum of 8 articles. Mandibular palp 3-segmented, segment 2 long- est, bearing 2 distal fringed spines on outer mar- gin; segment 3, median margin convex, with strong terminal and 3 shorter fringed spines on outer margin; incisor of 4 cusps; lacinia mobilis strong, multidentate; spine row with 2 serrate and several fine simple spines. Maxilla 1, inner ramus slender, with simple distal setae; outer ramus with 11 apical spines. Maxilla 2, inner ramus with several simple spines and 1 strongly pectinate spine; 2 lobes of outer ramus each bearing 4 elongate spines. Maxillipedal palp with segments 2 and 3 expanded; endite with 7 setae on rounded distal margin; 2 coupling hooks on mesial margin. Pereopod 1, propodus curved- rectangular, with 2 sensory spines on posterior margin; dactylus biunguiculate. Pereopod 7, car- pus with single posterior sensory spine; propodus with 2 posterior sensory spines; dactylus biun- guiculate. Pleopod 1, lobes of ramus distally evenly convex, sparsely setose. Pleopod 2, apex of outer ramus narrowly rounded. Pleopod 3, endopod bearing 3 plumose setae; narrow expod biarticulate, with single distal seta. Uropodal pe- duncle equal to pleotelson in length; outer ramus bearing 2 apical setae, *4 length of outer ramus; latter with about 9 distal setae. Female: Operculum broadly oval, with distal margin very faintly indented. REMARKS.—As with all the true marine species of Microcharon, the present species possesses a 5- articulate antenna 1, a third pleopod bearing three plumose setae, short pereopodal dactyli, and a strongly pectinate spine on the inner ramus of maxilla 2. Two species of Microcharon have been de- | scribed from the Caribbean area: M. phreaticus | Coineau and Botosaneanu, 1973, from Cuba, and M. herrerai Stock, 1977, from Bonaire. The former, a freshwater interstitial form, lacks plu- mose setae on pleopod 3, has relatively elongate pereopodal dactyli, and lacks a strongly pectinate NUMBER 24 FIGURE 41.—Microcharon sabulum, new species: a, whole animal, dorsal view; 6, antenna 2; c, antenna 1; d, maxilla 1; e, maxilliped; f, mandible; g, maxilla 2; h, pleopod 3, 6; 7, pleopod 1, 6; j, uropod; k, pleopod 2, 6; 1, pereopod 1; m, pereopod 7. 67 68 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES spine on the inner ramus of maxilla 2. The latter species, from oligo- and mesohaline wells, differs in several characters from M. sabulum, especially in the shape of pleopods 2 and 3 of the male, in having nine (rather than eight) antenna 2 fla- gellar articles, a relatively longer antenna 1, and in having more slender uropodal rami. Of the other species of Microcharon possessing a 5-articulate antenna 1, M. kirghisicus has the typical attributes of a freshwater species; M. har- risi from England has nine antenna 2 flagellar articles and more slender uropodal rami; M. gal- apagoensis has a rounded rostrum, 12 antenna 2 flagellar articles, and the uropodal peduncle shorter than the pleotelson. ETYMOLOGY.—The specific epithet, proposed as a noun, 1s from the Latin sabulum (coarse sand) and refers to the habitat of the species. Family JOEROPSID:DAE Genus Joeropsis Koehler, 1885 Key to the Species of Joeropsis (From the Carribbean, Bermuda, and Florida) 1. Lateral margins of head _ serrate; rostrum _ triangular tC AA ai NEL A rahe dt Whats natin Ein Goayoudl J. personatus, new species Lateral margins of head entire; rostrum not triangular............. 2 2. Body glabrous; pigment in 2 strong bands on head and pereonite 4; apex of 2 operculum blunt ......... Re) ae J. bifasciatus, new species Body setose; pigment in reticulation on entire body; apex of 2? operculum 3. Rostrum evenly convex; antenna 2, flagellum of 3 articles; outer uropodal ramus longer than inner...... ABS Meets Ba ES LS a a J. rathbunae Rostrum anteriorly shallowly notched; antenna 2, flagellum of 5 articles; outer uropodal ramus shorter than inner ............. J. coralicola Joeropsis bifasciatus, new species FIGURE 42 MATERIAL EXAMINED.—Holotype: USNM 211311, 6, TL 1.9 mm, sta H(81)-38, from Agar- icia sp. coral on reef platform, 1-2 m. Paratypes: USNM 211312, 3 6, TL 1.4-1.8 mm, 6 2, TL 1.9-2.0 mm, sta H(81)-22, H(81)- 38, H(81)-53, H(81)-54, from Halimeda sp. alga, and Agaricia sp. and Porites sp. corals on reef platform, 1-2 m. USNM 211313, 2 6, TL 2.0- 2.5 mm, 3 ovig , TL 2.0-2.4 mm, 3 juvs, sta H(80)-26, from rubble on fore reef slope, 3-6 m. DESCRIPTION.—Male: Body 3 times longer than wide, parallel-sided. Rostrum semicircular, with transparent border of spine-scales, with weak anterior concavity (giving faintly bilobed appearance if viewed oblique-dorsally); flanked by rounded lobes of anterior margin of head. Anterolateral angle of head acute; lateral mar- gins entire; eyes dorsolateral, well pigmented. Pereonites close-set, anterolateral angles of per- eonites 1—4, and posterolateral angles of pereon- ites 5-7 rounded; lateral margins entire. Pleotel- son slightly wider than long, lateral margin with 6 teeth; posterior margin between uropodal notches triangular, apex broadly rounded. Antenna 1, basal article longest and widest, with strong spine on mediodistal angle; outer distal angle bearing transparent dentate flange; articles 2—4 each with short distal spine on inner NUMBER 24 9g FIGURE 42.—Joeropsis bifasciatus, new species: a, whole animal, dorsal view; b, rostrum; c, antenna 1; d, antenna 2; e, uropod; f, operculum, 9; g, pleopod 1, 6; h, pleopod 2, 6; i, pleopod ap Or 69 70 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES and outer angles; articles 3 and 4 subequal; ter- minal article with 3 aesthetascs and few simple setae. Antenna 2, article 4 longest and widest, with flange of transparent scales on outer mar- gin; flagellum of 8 setose articles. Mouthparts and pereopods typical for genus. Pleopod 1, rami fused for about % length, inner distal lobe setose, convex, lateral lobe short, rounded. Pleopod 2, outer distal setose margin slightly concave; distal angle acute. Pleopod 3, endopod with 3 distal plumose setae; exopod biarticulate, outer mar- gins setulose. Uropod with mediodistal angle flat- tened, triangular, acute; inner ramus 3 times longer than outer ramus, both rami bearing short and long setae. Female: Operculum, proximal half with slightly convex margins, distal half tapering to apex, faintly concave, setose. Color: Broad brown-black pigment patch on most of dorsum of head between eyes. Most of dorsum of pereonite 4 with broad brown-black band of pigment. REMARKS.—This species may be separated from its congeners at Carrie Bow Cay by the characters used in the key. ETYMOLOGY.—The specific epithet refers to the two dorsal bands of pigment seen in fresh material. Joeropsis coralicola Schultz and McCloskey FIGURE 43 Jaeropsis [sic] coralicola Schultz and McCloskey, 1967:103, figs. 1-20.—Schultz, 1969:284, fig. 452. MATERIAL EXAMINED.—Holotype: USNM 1335956. Allotype: USNM 113596, 9. Paratypes: USNM 113597, 64, 2 ovig 9, 2 9, from coral Oculina arbuscula, off Cape Lookout, North Carolina. Additional Material: FMG.1.247998181012- B-2, 10 4, 7 ovig 9, 6 2, Florida Middle Grounds, 28°36'02"N, 84°15'36”W, 85-105 ft (25.7- 31.8 m). FMG.1.247998181013B-2, 5 d, Florida Middle Grounds, 28°36'02”N, 84°15'36’W, 85-105 ft(25.7-31.8m). FMG.1.247998181012- B-6, 2 6, 5 ovig 2, 5 9, Florida Middle Grounds, 28°36'02”N, 84°15'36’W, 85-105 ft (25.7- 31.8 m). FMG.1.491998181016F-3, 5 6, 2 ovig 9) 2°92, 28°27 18°N, S421 C02 Gee S510" ft (28.7-33.3 m). REMARKS.—Re-examination of the type ma- terial of J. coralicola shows that the rostrum is indented anteriorly and bears a border of spine- scales, the basal article of antenna 1 has a trans- parent dentate flange, and the lateral pleotel- sonic margins are dentate. The strong spines figured on the uropod (Schultz and McCloskey, 1967, fig. 20) are perhaps exaggerated, there being much finer scales present in all the material examined. The species was first collected from the coral Oculina arbuscula off Cape Lookout, North Car- olina (depth not recorded). The material from the Florida Middle Grounds came from the sponge Agelas sp. and the coral Madracis, from depths of 25-33 m. Joeropsis personatus, new species FIGURE 44 MATERIAL EXAMINED.—Holotype: USNM 211313, 6, TL 2.2 mm, sta H(81)-29, from Por- ites sp. coral in spur and groove zone, 9.1 m. Paratypes: USNM 211314, 4 6, TL 2.0-2.1 mm, | ovig 2, TL 1.9 mm, 2 2, TL 1.9-2.0 mm, sta H(81)-10, H(81)-25, H(81)-27, H(81)-51, from Porites sp. coral on reef flat, 1-2 m, from Halimeda sp. alga, and Madracis sp. coral in spur and groove zone, 15.2 m. USNM 211315, 6, TL 2.0 mm, 2 ovig 2, TL 1.8-1.9 mm, 3 9, TL 1.9- 2.0 mm, 1 juv, sta K-35, K-65, K-136, from rubble and Halimeda sp. alga in spur and groove zone, 6—20 m. DESCRIPTION.—Male: Body almost 4 times longer than wide, widest at pereonites 2 and 3. Head with triangular rostrum with lateral mar- gins finely serrate, apex finely bifid; lateral mar- gins serrate, anterolateral angle acute. Eyes small, dorsolateral. Pereonites 1—3 with antero- lateral angles acute; lateral margins of all pereon- ites finely serrulate. Pleotelson slightly broader NUMBER 24 FIGURE 43.— Joeropsis coralicola Schultz and McCloskey: a, whole animal, dorsal view; 6, antenna 1; c, antenna 2; d, operculum, 9; e, uropod; f, pleopod 1, 6; g, pleopod 2, 6; h, pleopod 3, d. 71 72 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES FIGURE 44.—Joeropsis personatus, new species: a, whole animal, dorsal view; b, antenna 1; c, antenna 2; d, uropod; e, pleopod 1, 6; f, pleopod 2, 6; g, pleopod 3, 6; h, operculum, @. NUMBER 24 than long; lateral margins with 7 or 8 teeth; posterior margin between uropodal notches tri- angular, apically narrowly rounded. Antenna 1, basal article broader and longer than following articles, outer distal margin bear- ing strongly serrate flange, inner distal angle acute; article 2 with tooth on outer distal margin; articles 3 and 4 subequal in length, each with acute tooth at inner and outer distal angles; distal article bearing 3 aesthetascs and several simple setae. Antenna 2, article 4 longest and broadest, outer margin bearing row of transparent contig- uous scales; flagellum of 5 setose articles. Mouth- parts and pereopods typical of genus. Pleopod 1, rami fused for *4 length; distal inner rounded lobe bearing 9 or 10 setae; lateral lobe hardly developed. Pleopod 2, exopod with outer margin distally setose. Pleopod 3, endopod with 3 plu- mose setae, exopod of 2 articles, with setulose outer margins. Uropod with inner distal angle bearing strong curved hook-spine; inner ramus twice length of outer, both bearing short and long simple setae. Female: Operculum shield-shaped, tapering to acute apex in distal 3. Color: Head with dark-brown patch covering most of dorsum between eyes; pereonites with faint-brown dorsal reticulation; pleon with most of central dorsum with dense-brown reticulation. In preserved specimens, usually only the dark patch on the head is apparent. REMARKS.—The species may be separated from its congeners at Carrie Bow Cay by the characters used in the key. ETYMOLOGY.—The specific epithet is from the Latin personatus (masked) and refers to the dark pigment patch on the head. Joeropsis rathbunae Richardson FIGURE 45 Jaeropsis [sic] rathbunae Richardson, 1902:298, pl. 40: figs. 53-55; 1905:478, fig. 537.—Schultz and McCloskey, 1967:103, 107.—Menzies and Glynn, 1968:13, 14, fig. 36a-c.—Schultz, 1969:286, fig. 454.—Menzies and Kruczynski, 1983:95, fig. 32. 73 MATERIAL EXAMINED.—Syntype: USNM 24870, 6, Bermuda. Additional Material: USNM 119368, ovig 8, Puerto Rico, USNM 170855, 2 6, ovig 2, 2 9, west of Sanibel Island, Florida, 55 m USNM 211316, 38 6, 28 ovig 2, 21 9, 7 juvs, sta H(81)- 9, H(81)-12, H(81)-13, H(81)-15, H(81)-17, H(81)-18, H(81)-23, H(81)-27, H(81)-29, H(81)- 30, H(81)-32, H(81)-33, H(81)-34, H(81)-35, H(81)-36, H(81)-38, H(81)-39, H(81)-40, H(81)- 41, H(81)-42, H(81)-54, H(81)-57, rubble from reef crest, reef slope and spur and groove zone, 0-15.2 m. USNM 211317, 10 6, 2 ovig 2, 9 9, sta H(80)-22, H(80)-26, H(80)-32, H(80)-41, outer reef slope, 15-36 m. USNM 211318, 2 6, sta FLK-1, Looe Key, Florida, rubble from 0.5 m. REMARKS.—Schultz and McCloskey (1967; and again noted in Schultz, 1969) examined the Peabody Museum syntype of J. rathbunae and noted the presence of four lateral pleotelsonic teeth. Richardson (1902) had incorrectly illus- trated the pleon as being entire. Re-examination of the USNM syntype confirms the presence of at least four lateral pleotelsonic teeth. Menzies and Glynn (1968) figured the rostrum of J. rathbunae from Puerto Rico as being evenly convex, with a dentate transparent border, and the basal article of antenna 1 as being dentate. In the rostrum, the basal article of antenna 1, and the pleonal margins of these teeth, being transparant, may easily be overlooked and are equally dislodged. For these reasons the species is again figured. Family MUNNIDAE Genus Munna Kr¢yer, 1839 Munna petronastes, new species FIGURES 46, 47 MATERIAL EXAMINED.—Holotype: USNM 211319, 6, TL 1.1 mm, sta H(81)-38, from Agar- icla sp. coral on reef platform, 1-2 m. 74 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES g FIGURE 45.—Joeropsis rathbunae Richardson: a, whole animal, dorsal view; ), antenna 2; ¢, antenna ; d, operculum, 9; e, pleopod 1, 6; f, pleopod 2, 6; g, pleopod 3, 6; h, uropod. - NUMBER 24 FIGURE 46.—Munna petronastes, new species: a, 6, dorsal view; 6, antenna 1; c, mandible; d, maxilliped; e, maxilla 1; f, maxilla 2; g, operculum, ?; h, uropod; 7, pleopod 1, 6; j, pleopod 2, 6; k, pleopod 3, 6; /, pleopod 4, d. 75 76 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES FIGURE 47.—Munna petronastes, new species: a, pereopod 1, ; b, pereopod 1, 6; c, pereopod 7; d, antenna 2. NUMBER 24 Paratypes: USNM 211320, 9 6, TL 1.0-1.1 mm, 5 ovig 2, TL 1.0 mm, 52, TL 0.9-1.0 mm, sta H(81)-38, H(81)-40, H(81)-49, H(81)-54, from Agaricia sp. and Porites sp. corals on reef platform, 1-2 m. USNM 211321, 3 2, TL 0.9- 1.0 mm, sta K-132, from Agaricia sp. coral on lagoonal patch reef, 0-1 m. DESCRIPTION.—Male: Body 2.5 times longer than wide, widest at pereonite 1; latter swollen to accommodate musculature of pereopod 1. Head with straight anterior margin; eyes of 3 ommatidia, on short stalk. Pereonite 2 overlap- ping pereonite 1 posterolaterally; pereonite 7 overlapped by pereonite 6 and by anterior pleon. Pleon of 1 short segment plus pyriform globose pleotelson; latter longer than wide, posteriorly rounded. Antenna 1| of 7 articles, distal 5 articles narrow; single aesthetasc on 2 distal articles. Antenna 2 with 3 short basal peduncle articles and 2 distal subequal elongate articles; flagellum of 18 very slender articles. Mandibular palp 3-segmented, segment 2 longest, with 3 distal fringed spines; terminal segment half length of segment 2, with 2 distal fringed spines; incisor of 4 cusps; lacinia mobilis of 4 cusps; 4 serrate spines in spine row; molar distally truncate, marginally serrate. Max- illa 1, inner ramus with 3 stout setulose apical spines; outer ramus with about 11 distal serrate apical spines. Maxilla 2, inner ramus with several simple and fringed spines on mediodistal margin; both lobes of outer ramus with 4 distal elongate spines. Maxilliped, palp with article 2 longest and widest, all 5 articles setose; endite with 3 retinac- ula on medial margin; distal margin truncate, with short spine at mediodistal angle, 5 fringed spines and 3 feather spines on distal margin. Pereopod | very robust, longer than medial body length when extended; merus widening distally, with single sensory spine near anterior margin; carpus widening distally, with single spine at an- terodistal angle, posterodistal angle produced into strong bidentate process; propodus with pos- terior margin having hyaline flange produced into 2 low proximal and 1 broad distal truncate teeth; dactylus elongate-slender, about 11 times 77 longer than basal width, excluding unguis; latter slender, spine-like, about 4 length of dactylus. Pereopods 2-7 elongate-slender, with sensory spines on anterior and posterior margins of carpi and propodi; dactyli biunguiculate, ungui slen- der. Pleopod 1, rami fused for about % of length, inner distal lobe evenly rounded, bearing 7 setae; outer lobe short, triangular. Pleopod 2, outer surface of outer ramus with setae and 2 strong sensory spines, distally narrowly rounded; slen- der tapering part of inner ramus just extending beyond apex of outer ramus. Pleopod 3, both rami biarticulate, outer ramus with single apical seta and several setae on anterior surface; inner ramus just reaching beyond basal article of outer ramus, with 3 distal plumose setae. Pleopod 4, both rami biarticulate, outer ramus broadly tri- angular; inner ramus slender, tipped with 2 plu- mose setae. Uropod of 2 rami, longer bearing 2 simple spines and 4 sensory setae; smaller ramus about '/ length of larger, tipped with single setae. Female: Body ovate, widest at pereonite 4; pereonite 1 not enlarged as in male. Pereopod 1 shorter than following legs; carpus widening dis- tally, with single sensory spine at anterodistal angle, 4 sensory spines on posterior margin; pro- podus widest at midlength, with 2 sensory spines on posterior margin, | spine at anterodistal an- gle; dactylus biunguiculate, anterior unguis longer than posterior, both slender. Pleonal op- erculum slightly wider than long, outer surface setose, distally broadly rounded. Color: Head and pleon chalky-white; dorsal yoke of red-brown pigment on 2 or 3 anterior pereonites; 2 anteriorly diverging bars of pig- ment on posterior 3 pereonites and pleonite 1; dark spot on distolateral pleotelson. REMARKS.—AIl three species of Munna that have been recorded from the general Caribbean area or from adjacent areas (M. reynolds: from Georgia, Louisiana, Texas, and the Panama Canal; M. hayes: from Texas; and M. santaluciae from the Rio de la Plata) lack a mandibular palp. This immediately separates them from the pres- ent species. 78 Munna petronastes is structurally similar to a group of species that includes M. maculata, M. antarctica, and M. neglecta, and which is charac- terized by a grossly enlarged pereopod | in the male and the presence of a mandibular palp (see Amar and Roman, 1974). ETYMOLOGY.—The specific epithet is derived from the Greek peros (rock) plus nastes (dweller) and refers to the reef-dwelling habit of the spe- cies. Suborder MICROCERBERIDEA Family MICROCERBERIDAE Genus Microcerberus Karaman, 1933 Microcerberus syrticus, new species FIGURE 48 MATERIAL EXAMINED.—Holotype: USNM 211326, 6, TL 1.1 mm, interstitial, from inter- tidal coarse calcareous sand, east side of Carrie Bow Cay. Paratypes: USNM 211327, 66, TL 1.0-1.1 mm, 8 2, TL 0.9-1.1 mm, interstitial, from in- tertidal coarse calcareous sand, east side of Carrie Bow Cay. DESCRIPTION.—Male: Body 9 times longer than wide, widest at anterior pereonite 1. Head about 1'4 times longer than wide, with truncate anterior margin, lateral margins evenly convex. Pereonite | with anterolateral lobes acute. Per- eonites 2—4 subequal in length, with tergal plates anteriorly rounded, lateral plates acutely trian- gular. Pereonites 5-7 becoming longer and wider than preceding segments, each with trian- gular posterior tergal point mesial to pereopodal articulation. Pleon consisting of 2 free anterior segments plus pleotelson; pleonite 1 about half length of pleonite 2; pleotelson 11% times longer than pleonite 2, posterior margin faintly sinuous. Antenna | of 5 articles, terminal article bear- ing few setae and single aesthetasc. Antenna 2, peduncle article 2 with tooth on medial margin; flagellum of 5 setose articles. Mandibular palp SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES consisting of single article bearing 1 seta, par- tially shielded by thin rounded membranous structure; 3 short fringed spines in spine row; molar represented by stout proximal spine, fringed distally on one margin. Maxilla 1, inner ramus short, rounded, bearing 2 short distal setae; outer ramus with 7 fringed or dentate spines. Maxilla 2 reduced to single lobe bearing 2 stout spines fringed on one margin only. Max- illiped with narrow distally rounded endite reaching to palp article 2; palp of 5 setose articles. Pereopod 1 subchelate; propodus expanded, proximal palm with 2 stout spines on short lobe- like extension, proximalmost spine with single denticle; second spine with several fine denticles; distal *4 of palm bearing 3 stout flexed denticu- late spines; dactylus with unguis half length of remainder of article (measured on outer margin); inner margin with 2 denticulate spines. Pereo- pods 2-7 ambulatory, dactyli biunguiculate, an- terior spine becoming more slender posteriorly; all pereopods with triangular tooth on bases. Pleopod 2, endopod elongate-slender, with api- cally acute, proximally broad compressed lobe on outer margin. Apical lobe lanceolate, acute; | styliform apophysis spiciform; chitinous lamella _ becoming distally narrow, apically hooked; exo- | pod short, stubby, with single seta. Third pleo- pod pair bilamellar, shielded by broad triangular extension from base. Uropod biarticulate, distal | setose conical article almost twice length of basal article. REMARKS.—The present species most closely | resembles Microcerberus mirabilis Chappuis and — Delamare-Deboutteville, 1956, from the Baha- | mas, but differs in the following: the apical lobe of the male pleopod 2 is rounded in M. mirabilis, | acute in M. syrticus; similarly the “lobe etrangle” | (terminology from Chappuis and Delamare-De- | bouteville, 1956, fig. 110) is rounded in M. mi- | rabilis, acute in the new species; the tergal lobes | of pereonites 2—4 are rounded in M. syrticus, | truncate in M. mirabilis. EtyMoLocy.—The specific epithet is from the | Greek for “of asandbar” and refers to the habitat ~ of the species. NUMBER 24 FIGURE 48.—Microcerberus syrticus, new species: a, whole animal, dorsal view; b, antenna 1; c, antenna 2; d, mandible; e, maxilla 1; f, maxilla 2; g, maxilliped; h, pereopod 1; 2, pereopod 2; j» pleopod 2, 6; k, pleopod 3, 6; /, uropod; m, pereopod 7. 79 Literature Cited Amar, R. 1957. Gnathostenetrioides laodicense nov. gen. nov. sp.: Type nouveau d’Asellota et classification des Iso- podes Asellotes. Bulletin de l'Institut Oceanograp- hique, 1100:1-10. Amar, R., and M.-L. Roman 1974. Invertebrés marins des XIleme et XVeme expe- ditions antarctiques francaises en Terre Adelie, 14: Tanaidaces et Isopodes. Tethys, 5(4):561-600. Barnard, K.H. 1925. A Revision of the Family Anthuridae (Crustacea, Isopoda), with Remarks on Certain Morphological Peculiarities. Journal of the Linnean Society of Lon- don, Zoology, 36:109-160. Bruce, N.L. 1981. Cirolanidae (Crustacea: Isopoda) of Australia: Di- agnoses of Cirolana Leach, Metacirolana Nier- strasz, Neocirolana Hale, Anopsilana Paulian and Debouteville, and Three New Genera—Natato- lana, Politolana, and Cartetolana. Australian Jour- nal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 32:945- 966. Chappuis, P.A., and C. Delamare-Deboutteville 1956. Etudes sur la faune interstitielle des Iles Bahamas recoltee Madame Renaud-Debyser, I: Copepodes et Isopodes. Vie et Milieu, 7:373-396. Glynn, P.W. 1968. A New Genus and Two New Species of Sphaero- matid Isopods from the High Intertidal Zone at Naos Island, Panama. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 81:587-604. A Systematic Study of the Sphaeromatidae (Crus- tacea: Isopoda) of Isla Margarita, Venezuela, with Descriptions of Three New Species. Memoria de la Sociedad de Ciencias Naturales La Salle, 85:3-48. Rediscovery of Paracerceis edithae Boone (Isopoda, Sphaeromatidae) with Supplementary Notes on Morphology and Habitat. Crustaceana, supple- ment, 3:139-147. Hansen, H.]. 1904. On the Morphology and Classification of the Asel- lota Group of Crustaceans, with Descriptions of the Genus Stenetrium Hasw. and Its Species. Pro- ceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 19:302- 331, plates 20, 21. Hurley, D.E., and K.P. Jansen 1977. The Marine Fauna of New Zealand: Family Sphae- 1970. 1972. 80 romatidae (Crustacea, Isopoda: Flabellifera). New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir, 63:1—-95. Kensley, B. 1980. Decapod and Isopod Crustaceans from the West Coast of Southern Africa, Including Seamounts Vema and Tripp. Annals of the South African Mu- seum, 83:13-32. Anthuridea (Crustacea: Isopoda) of Carrie Bow Cay, Belize. In K. Rutzler and 1.G. Macintyre, editors, The Atlantic Barrier Reef Reef Ecosystem at Carrie Bow Cay, Belize, I: Structure and Com- munities. Smithsonian Contributions to the Marine Sciences, 12:321-353. Koehler, R. 1885. Description d’un Isopode noveau, le Joeropsis brev- icornis. Annales des Sciences Naturelles (Paris), Zool- ogie, series 6, 19:1-7, 1 plate. Loyola e Silva, J. de 1960. Sphaeromatidae do litorral brasileiro (Isopoda- Crustacea). Boletim da Universidade do Parana, Zoologia, 4:1—-182. Menzies, R.J., and D. Frankenberg 1966. Handbook on the Common Marine Isopod Crustacea of Georgia. 93 pages. Athens, Georgia: University of Georgia Press. Menzies, R.J., and P.W. Glynn 1968. The Common Marine Isopod Crustacea of Puerto Rico. Studies on the Fauna of Curacao and Other Caribbean Islands, 27:1-133. Menzies, R.J., and W.L. Kruczynski 1983. Isopod Crustacea (Exclusive of Epicaridea). In Memoirs of the Hourglass Cruises, 6:1—126. Moreira, P.S. 1973. Arcturella sawayae, a New Species of Isopoda Crus- tacea from Southern Brazil. Boletim do Zoologia e Biologia Marinha, Sao Paulo, new series, 30:185- 194. Pires, A.M. 1982. Taxonomic Revision of Bagatus (Isopoda, Asel- lota) with a Discussion of Ontogenetic Polymor- 1982. phism in Males. Journal of Natural History, — 16:227-259. Poore, G.C.B., and H.M. Lew Ton In press. Apanthura, Apanthuretta, and Apanthuroposts gen. nov. (Crustacea, Isopoda, Anthuridae) from — South-Eastern Australia. Proceedings of the Na- tional Museum, Victoria. f NUMBER 24 Richardson, H. 1902. The Marine and Terrestrial Isopods of the Ber- mudas, with Descriptions of New Genera and Spe- cies. Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Sci- ences, 11:277-310, plates 39, 40. 1905. A Monograph on the Isopods of North America. United States National Museum Bulletin, 54:i-liii, 1-727. Rutzler, K., and I.G. Macintyre, editors 1982. The Atlantic Barrier Reef Ecosystem at Carrie Bow Cay, Belize, I: Structure and Communities. Smithsonian Contributions to the Marine Sciences, 12:i—xiv, 1-539. Schultz, G.A. 1969. How to Know the Marine Isopod Crustaceans. 1-vii + 359 pages. Dubuque, lowa: Wm. C. Brown Co. 1982. Species of Protallocoxoidea and Stenetrioidea (Is- opoda, Asellota) from the Antarctic and Southern Seas. Antarctic Research Series, 32:17-62. 81 Schultz, G.A., and L.R. McCloskey 1967. Isopod Crustaceans from the Coral Oculina arbus- cula Verrill. The Journal of the Elisha Mitchell Sci- entific Society, 83:103-113. Stock, J.H. 1977. Microparasellidae (Isopoda, Asellota) from Bon- aire. Studies of the Fauna of Curagao and Other Caribbean Islands, 51:69-91. Vanhoffen, E. 1914. Die Isopoden der Deutschen Sudpolar-Expedition 1901-1903. In Deutsche Sudpolar-Expedition 1901-1903, volume 25 (Zoologie), 7:447-598. Wilson, G.D. 1980. Superfamilies of the Asellota (Isopoda) and the Systematic Position of Stenetrium weddellense Schultz. Crustaceana, 38:219-221. Wolff, T. 1962. The Systematics and Biology of Bathyal and Abys- sal Isopoda Asellota. Galathea Report, 6:1—320. , P hs y : tid ait) Se vite Fara ee nye Metts Wits) ea Wee #3 7.7\9 easton tinea Oe aha \ pity y Wis. ss ie tige Oe : , Lote a FASS re ho, dos yt ’ , . i 4 + re 4 1 in + REQUIREMENTS FOR SMITHSONIAN SERIES PUBLICATION Manuscripts intended for series publication receive substan- tive review within their originating Smithsonian museums or offices and are submitted to the Smithsonian Institution Press with Form SI-36, which must show the approval of the appropri- ate authority designated by the sponsoring organizational unit. Requests for special treatment—use of color, foldouts, case- bound covers, etc.—require, on the same form, the added approval of the sponsoring authority. Review of manuscripts and art by the Press for requirements of series format and style, completeness and clarity of copy, and arrangement of all material, as outlined below, will govern, within the judgment of the Press, acceptance or rejection of manu- scripts and art. 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