Gs OA BMY ca ee QO PEP GLP i sap eae BEER oni dunn oe ill c IO 4 ‘i “yd Men oN EE SY ey, Ewacep Ky : Ee Cy ry A By as VO ye PES BS ogy ES qj “yp sete WN = Ns CR GO un BSA PUN ay ANCIENT WORKS AT THE SOUTH EAST ANGLE OF THE THIRD LAKE. Surveyed in 1850 by V.ALapham. SCALE 400 ft.to anInch vy xen Nt i med ua SSS —— ———— = SSS ANCIENT WORKS AT AZTALAN. | Surveyed in 1850, —.by 1.8 Laphun. "SCALE 200 tt to an Inch. He) a \ \ a ING Ww 1 \ i et , So =) T Sinclam’s ith Phil® Section through a c#e. | pee at eS. SECTION OF MOUND at a. a wi ys wiles yl a oni an 5. pint a ai tt wv VEvon s ¢ ‘ : o*< Fon, gy bg 7 as oe ti mie ly, — woul” og ll a “a =F ah s he ton ih aster — ee nf ANCIENT WORKS AZTALAN. Surveyed tr 1850, by 1-8. Lapham. "SCALE 200 tt ta an Inch XXXV. MAP SHEWING THE ANCIENT WORKS AT AND NEAR AZYVALAN, Surveyed in MG0—by 1.8. Lapham. SCALE #0022 to an Inch, at = c =. nn + apa Galli mn : | Nt yi’ Ww A (ie \\ awe yi See Pl. St Section through dy Section through a c#e. T.Sinclair’s th Fhil® ¥ XXXVI. ace anu, SMI REN ORS conc seh ast eat EH = Mise : FL buses aaa ‘iinet tiene marie tak Vane if urna ni re! ny ' amit Dae = = : z sana amanmvin inion wie AT HORICON., OO LO Uy, sno a z oe s & Borer =I fe ag Ar az b HORICON. Pile’ 2: v Ts CROSS i : : re not uncon HT ws ~ = \’ a = wo a’ HORIC ON. ¥ we wt yo TF i ” # ve 77 ee eee Son 40 feet to an meh. ANCIENT WORKS AT PIKE LAKE . Ay tps VS 4 co nen s XXXVIL. S j i “ee eo YN oy we =—= = = ——S <—— =~ = : NUH ; ANCIENT WOR © SS= . terete Pedic ° N I. A. Lapham. 2 AT SCALE 200 ft, to an In. Wil — by HO RIC Sarveved wn a roy o Yn), y),\ Pegs F T, Sincla’s Am Phils XXXVIII. wii S. — u — im Wi hy MAP OF THE ANCIENT WOIRKS, AND DILUVIAL RIDGES MAYVILLE. Starveyed in May 1850,—by 1.A.Lapham, a) SCALE er 2500 #t, to an In. . e ‘ eee — | ftom y MA) 0 UL Sul, iit on a7 oe = i) = tem = a ee I Noemie = 3 2 “ery, —- S| May . : 4g Wiis | ome Way, . | Geni ae ai From hay tae SS es TAN AAA NIK UU LS Aa DENSI ef f Se el %, ie May, : —NNNany me st Yay, pala yy Ss — ity Way Wayy a 2 epee = >. j wow Hl $* IN il a " ZI Yann play mS WY DN py iP Diop Ai x Pa i «1 WANG S ¥ 2 ¢ 7a Nl MUAY) S My, Mi y ie om S : “Nyy UY Wp | WWMM gy i904 Wy Woy 1 yy za iin i) "Wp “Wdgay, Ny | aes a eet ie Mn a hh 7; ams im ( HM Ay Yay nm HN) My, | ity My, H = cera ! Pe 2 : ‘ z > i 7 eek, : iy “4 ; Wp... | lez i lange | Line = yi ' . —— *y ' SS hi : ny : py Wironny oe, = Nyy z ‘ / Aypiyy, ' ‘| —— au att, Moni “ / ey “Ay, z= 5 Y, ONL ican MuUuusMNssHesiuNtinni, ' Misi “yy 4 Ht hn aie = lig | Z uuu x My Wig “ny om eFC Teena ase NTE ez a" F “ty, WOON = i Fw 191 s" mA enerninanncd ee Of a figure at A. Surveyed by L. ya tors 40 trot two an Inch. 2a) Sinclair's ith, Pnile. ‘ LL Cl Lue oy UO agg, 3 Ss yyy ainbry oy yo ung pabmopig ——s arc . On v ¢ rs oa “4 " Be oF See eP ay a Need SOs ANCIENT WORKS .. On W¥. N.W4.SEC.18.T.12.R.17. NEAR MAYVILLE. Surveved iw %Wé5l,-by 1.A.Lapham. SCALE— 200 £7. to an Inch . T Sinclair's lth, Phila ANCIENT WOIRIKS CENTRE OF S 26.T .R 16. Surveyed in 151, —by Logan. Crawtord , ) "Wy, uy \ SCALE —_ 40 feet to an Inch. = Za 3 MILES S. W. FROM VV Ave went Cw. mm Y ai ff; oe yy MAYVILLE. N.WA.S 27.T 122.R 16. Surveyed in 1651 by 1.4.lapham, aay go V4 Sak en tay ” / ee Tele Be a ; BY z ¥ ~ > it . WU oe f 5 SNES ic ‘ ‘ ON YE Wh, Wy SCALE 100 ft to an Inch. Koes Zs > ny, TA Lapham Del. XL. ANCIENT WORKS | [ON STOCKBRIDGE LOTS, N° 17.18 & 19| | EAST SIDE OF LAKE | WINNEBAGO. | Surveyed in Wil, by T. A. Lapham. 2o0tt to an Inch . 4, A zg z “ Ss. Swan! i ia, 2 2 z Jrsunnnsne z ea as = The "Spread Eagle" Utica. Surv2 BH by VAL Seale to ft-to an in. “ANCIENT WORKS See. 36. Jown 20. Range Ib. East side of 1. WINNEBAGO. 2 Oy Surveyed in B51, by |.A.lapham 200 ft to an In. AOR on SAO q Ven Retin CO CAN LE RY ce s ous 0 Ny Sr ee oats CON ths Zo Perpendicular 3 ie een pie teroen= ot aa) SR ge 84 AQ otpc u.4 CLir es y WY Uy Hy j I) Ve Ys Ki) Wi Hf y, Tit Li) Yi y Mit | iy My; Yi fe MN YU} — — <— SS SSS — SS SSSVv = ——————S Vain sf = ACI, nig, Mees eZ TTT « aH EHD ANNOY jy roeceuy Lsnurandae aetna gnc MMT ULL LOD cunpnoninn od ONE TOE TTL TT] D i TTT LTT I] i] LLL ny, SN id anni TN W a 1 sv eyeneanveraayungennng geen Li “MMMM ONONNMMOMMUNMOMOMOMNM, aynnaoatnn nr eg TT % en snneannendt ty ws AIAN N S S = = = = = = = S = = = = N = S = 4 ON SEC.19.T 9.R G.E. Surveyed. in 1850, by \.A,Laphar. SCALE do ft to an Tach: we uti Mu aw ‘ (ii unui oe nT, june me ayenneeneeeeetertttt iy : N RCO RO MOUND ON SEC. 35.T9.R 4. E. Surveyed in 1850, by 1.A-Lapham. Mound at \ enlarged. S N N = S = $ S $ S = = R = = = > = ws Br Wag a : y" % Huns = SCALE to ft.to ar Tnehe. GROUP or MOUNDS ON. SEC. 4.7.8 R.4 E. Surveyed wr W850,by \.\..Lapham.. SCALE 400 tito an Inch. NBT, aw nse Meron lt janet Nass ANCIENT WORKS —— ON SEC.18 &19 T. 9 R.6 E. = Surveyed in 1850,-by \..Lapham. SCALE 2oo # to an Inch. -I. Sinclair s ith, Phe on ane Sauk Prarrie Shewing the Position of the ANCIENT WORKS NEAR HONEY CREEK ‘MILLS TOWNSHIP 9. RANGE G. Surveved tnt 1850_hy VA. Lapham SCALE 2500 Lt.to an Inet. a ANCIENT WOIRKS sai Hi AN y: at itn Se HONEY CREEK MILLS. A % Surveyed in ie5Q— by 1.4Lapham House % i = : SCALE,- 200 fr to an Inch T. Sinclair's Eth, Phil XLV. THE BUFFALO On Sec.19.T.9 R.6. Surveyed in WSO — by L.A. Lapham * 20 tt to an tich . Ql i, : ! tll = utili ll ul__' "iio ANCA AN my, : Wi My yw My s My s My, Gy = Y \y S = My \ zg = 4 N z = Wy N = =I My N = 7} N = My N = Yy Sy = = 4, = = yyy y) = = eset aionevereceveaennneseatenntnzeeegiapnenpeennen ee "My, My = itl won " = a AL “ny, = ", = \ , N "y My = \’ > 7 s Ny = \ N yy, = P * s ny = \" N ~ % = \ Ny \ yy = \ Ny Ne Y, = y Sai y 5 ny " Y = Manne! Zs = 4 = %* Ss « 4 = 4 = \ 4 = % SS y = ——— ys On “See. 7: 1 9.R 6: Neras , ‘ / My, aang On See.7.T 9. R 6. if “Herat % : | 1 = MO yuan oRanye hi ‘ S pHURNHATEEAERTEETESPEEANADNRSOA ALANA = 4 % = i R Z a "Ut = 4 “np | aa 4 : nt |] nyu SS Ne z N A, Zz = iT py : aan i} Po fi to-an Inde “ do ft.to an Inch. GOTT LLL ; WlMnny Mc TTT 3 \" Mit \\ util “ico My % Mina = % urea TCT EEA NEE H PHD Ana aAN yyy \" oy, Ny S SSS “Huy T. Sinclair's Gh PRI? e ° \ MUU i WOCVHNH cya canne bana AHH CNA edz § cs } Qnty, 3 rd 2 gener “am ys ome : § = aes arvanyyonws Fann BS dala MW73 = te = = & % AUC CU I outing anti Mniyy, ayuntt Mihypy, ay ttl PUT ~ isi ut itil uve MILEY, yun rH My > tnt ‘ % \ ny ayy, Sy ntin “Onn, G Y , nny Mtn, ny Mb ‘ With nie LLL NAHI: ANNAN AANA ANNAN es THE GREAT BIRD Z = 4 ES Honey Creek Mills. =) Ly SS ayy > Surveved in M6i4 by LA. Lapham . scare — 60 tt to an Inch . Surveyed in 1590 by WW Canfield . SCALE — 40 ft,taan Jach. 7 a ill ww Wiiyy N . = CO My, . k= ww “ity Tf OE S ey ww” MinyS 2 Sy Sa aL a \ i) U7 E ww a \\ “ny . AD nt" Ny Ww yw! "ny ~ yi" tty = ~\) yw % = yw" yy Z = aw” wt Bz = a’ nh Ze = C ut Zs Ss a" an Z = S jai Z} S wt BAS is wn er zg -: On See. 3 T10.R 7 E. % < yyy I o ‘ T. Sinclan’s ith Phil? . BRS eae x ae XLvil. paca Fr UnNAs Sa AN Gad ohn YE cvcane Tan cucu Hen AHH ECERTAERL TET oy . f a Serrrnrnrn rit icenr M n wasn oe =~ ea ; tx uur i. jvnnmncanooteai Mg Ht veaqnnrenennnae Di vy ‘i < ACh ay ay \; ~ : “Ph y ( Maer iS 5 aN be eT EEL , ; 2 Paquet unnnn aie canal TL ANCIENT WORKS ON THE S. Wi% OF THE S.W% OF SECTION 3.TOWNSHIP 10. RANGE 7. F.. Surveved mm W50 by Wm.H.C anfield. SCALE 10 rods 5 tt. to an Inch Tt _Sinclair’'s ik Pinl® 4. Lapham, Del, XLVI. ANCIENT \WOIRKKS ON SECTION 5. TOWN 10. RANGE 7. E. NEAR THE WISCONSIN RIVER. Surveyed in 1851, by Wm, H.Cankield . MMeHHTetHNHHibeey ene : aN SCALE. 22 Rods |7196 feet| to an Inch, < Tt minis a z " ! vont . tp Cop uy ma) many ny ; Mia ENLARGED PLAN Of Ale nin aunt vv Me = 09 . a un Hue TTT TT > HAN LL I LA Lapham, Del T. Sndais Ith, Ph? ANCIENT WORKS ONE MILE CREEK, ADAMS COUNTY. Surveyed i L852, by 1, A.Lapham . SCALE Joo ti. to an Inch - on Nag ltt on Ney Ma ters “AU NN, May ie Mn) Mr, mat " ST es 4 : METH, * =o if iM saunas ia : a | , r RC Ace AocLMaMntn eg, * NWntet marquee muting Hrd amu 3, Jes | ez, ; al LL Ra N = 5S oT ‘4 { | S = = = i ; | | | Z y = § San yn Wineanntnnnnny, : | = My 3 Z % | yw | g “ | \. | = § \ 2 % rae | Z I na gn i) : 4 | zg P Ay) to | feet to an Inch . to feel ta an Inch. i, Ser 3) é ity N 4 § ng 40000008 Mi TTL Tn TITTY ttt es, Miiny it Wit we «enone, NH Mi | uit i yt Z UT Th Mtoe | jee a Z MMM | nent ni Z N nnn Mis | wit Z N ‘ MOA ay q i" ) wo Amnwnininiarinnnni MOM, ie To Mite | | 7 | | Jo feel to an Inch. 4 i in il ] Bye ok. Af pi | : SSS SS | ii AEN Nd ean Ata ncanaunurneuNana i. ip ui a | ; ie LT 2 | a My } = nt 3 | “my, be Wc | i ww My j 5 ; omen “Ly My yyy, . i HY i. j i Fate sve | ANCUBNT WORKS A Websters MAUS’ MILL, oe! LEMONWIER RIVER. Sarveved in Mol by L.A.Laphamn. SCALE -40 #1. to an Inch . T. Smclar’s hth, 2 J | ANCIENT WORKS | ON THE GREAT DIVIDING RIDGE BETWEEN THE MISSISSIPPI & KICKAPOO RIVERS. Sec. 6. Town &. Range 5.W. Jurveyed in 852 by \.ALapham SGALE —__ 200 ft to an Inch. a \\\) at iy A(t HEN \ AN i Kf ‘ain 7? ‘ | fc | ac Don es ape = aA by } 4 / A & Aer s = Bee Qo) a8 e i (A a : ry NTT | Sez *e ——S— ~ < - Z = 7 ; 1 tal BAe Mie Can ee CR a Coe Ue oe c cr OS, cS Cot, BR &&. gS rae {= ce fie oe ae eu Seek LIN CON M1 © Ih LIV. Gate ‘at ; | : Saat Wy P x : Ny iia oO S * yilyy ~ May iliuyy ey . ny ea MeMidigyyp yy Wai “iy MOmrmMy oigyy AM : ‘ © ; Ty anny “eg y ~ =) - es : nina : ey ‘ on ON THE COLLEGE gece DS; em ae! 2 = B [E LO iT. Budding. i] \ > Surveyed wv i652 — by Prof. 5. P. Lathrop . ANCIENT WORKS = 2 ee + 4 rey 7 Ac hi SCALE 4“ 60 f2 to an Inch . a HMB OH dugyyy HOU ‘ = ut Ca mM Wy MW zr ete i ore — Fae —— ‘hme ; 5 it = ~~ my Whi Can : eae "momo Wo mn =" a ~ Re TTT ae ae LV. ANCIENT WOIRIKS ON THE EAST BANK OF ROCK RIVER a we sg ; . | a Nae \ . 34 OF A MILE) NORTH OF BELOIT. as i. : Oo Survered im 852. by Prof. $.P. Lathrop . ; wt SCALE. a " ; a gonna HNN yy ——— Mii | t mz S 4 | . oo 8 ¥ } ; +23 60 ft toan Inch. ‘ae ag \ ae os rf ONE OF A GROUP OF MOUNDS % = s é z § : iy W , NE. WISCONSIN RIVER ; é ; oe : VEAR THE WISCONSIN RIVER = BS r S.W.4% of Sect Ipl0 R.7 EB. = ‘ 3 Surveved tr TB52. ty W? 1Cantield 28 tttoanlach. mind ay MTEL dona e411 Wy ‘ sor a Ny “fs f day SW, f \\ Ay, = "4 Wim S < < = = = i ant es ( - 2a * me ta Ee eS es, ¥ i * . TD Sinetair’s hth Frul* SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO KNOWLEDGE, A MEMOIR ON THE Peet Ok een TRIBE OF NORTH AMERICA. JOSHPH LEIDY, M. D., PROFESSOR OF ANATOMY IN THE UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA, AND CURATOR OF THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. ACCEPTED FOR PUBLICATION, DECEMBER, 1853,]| ; | COMMISSION TO WHICH THIS PAPER HAS BEEN REFERRED. s heh Isaac Hays, M. D. Prof. W. EH. Horner. JosnPH Tenry, f ¢ Secretary ST. Ss T. K. AND P. G, COLLINS, PRINTERS, PHILADELPHIA. INTRODUCTION Awone the most remarkable of all extinct mammalia are the gigantic sloths, which inhabited the western continent during the pleistocene, or drift period, contempo- raneously with the better known Elephant and Mastodon. The remains of the sloth tribe discovered in South America, have been amply described in the works of Pander and d’Alton, Cuvier, Owen, and Lund, and the object of the present memoir is to give an account exclusively of the remains of the same family, which have been found in North America. The memoir was com- menced six years ago, and during a portion of this time new discoveries afforded me an opportunity of giving a much more complete account of the osteology of the animals to which the memoir relates, than I could have anticipated. Besides having had access to the cabinets of the Academy of Natural Sciences and American Philosophical Society of Philadelphia, of the New York Lyceum of Natural History, and of the National Institute in Washington, for the examination of remains of extinct sloths, I further had the opportunity of examining a large collection of specimens loaned to me by Dr. D. D. Owen, of New Harmony, Indiana, and others loaned by B. L. C. Wailes, Esq’r, of Jefferson, Mississippi, Prof. Jeffries Wyman, of Boston, Prof. J. D. Dana, of New Haven, and Prof. F. §. Holmes, of Charleston; to all of whom I offer my sincere thanks for the interest they have taken in the preparation of the work I now lay before them and the public. J ‘ we b} Re Soe Pat ee 4 Wy Pete ye Paul 5 t * Paes 2 weer if hes seg i ott oi - well & t pers hate ete vad bet Ay nes A MEMOIR ON THE EXTINCT SLOTH TRIBE OF NORTH AMERICA. MEGALONYX, Jzrrensoy. Megalonyx Jeffersonii, Harxay. History.—The extinct genus of giant sloths, Megalonyx, was established by the enlightened and philosophic American President, Thomas Jefferson, in a communi- cation read to the American Philosophical Society, March 10, 1797, entitled “A Memoir on the Discovery of certain Bones of a Quadruped of the Clawed Kind, in the Western Parts of Virginia.” The illustrious writer observes : “ It is well known that the substratum of the country beyond the Blue Ridge is a limestone, abounding with large caverns, the earthy floors of which are highly impregnated with nitre. In digging the floor of one of these caves belonging to Frederic Cromer, in the county of Green Briar, the laborers at the depth of two or three feet, came to some bones, the size and form of which bespoke an animal unknown to them.” The bones which were preserved and obtained by Mr. Jefferson, consisted of a fragment of an os femoris, a radius, an ulna, three claws, and several other bones of one of the feet. From the general resemblance of form of the claws to those of carnivora, Mr. Jefferson supposed the bones to have belonged to an animal of this character—a mistake of much less importance than many made by the best naturalists. The specimens Mr. Jefferson subsequently presented to the cabinet of the American Philosophical Society, and they were then more particularly described in its Transactions, by Dr. Caspar Wistar.2 The memoir of Dr. Wistar is accompanied by very good figures, of which one represents the restoration of the fore median digit, with its corresponding metacarpal bone. From the form and arrangement of the bones of the feet, Dr. Wistar suspected the affinity of the Megalonyx to the recent sloths ;* and Cuvier,’ who afterwards described the same bones, from casts sent to him by Mr. Peale, of Philadelphia, 1 Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc., 1799; IV, 246. 2 Tbid. VI, 526. 8 Thid. 530. 4 Annales du Mus. V. 358; Ossem. fossiles, ed. 4, 1836, VIII, 304. 4 MEGALONYX. confirmed the opinion of Dr. Wistar, that they belonged to an animal of the sloth kind, in which determination he acknowledges. the assistance of two additional specimens, said to have been obtained by M. de Beauvois, from the same cave in which were found those of Jefferson’s collection. One of the new specimens, Cuvier observes, “qui est une dent etoit surtout important, parce qwil achevoit de faire connoitre la nature de animal.” In relation to the locality from which the tooth just indicated was obtained, my friend, Major Le Conte, has informed me that it was not found in the same cave in which were discovered the specimens sent to Jefferson, but that M. de Beauvois obtained it from Mr. Clifford, who discovered it in White Cave, Tennessee. Major Le Conte has further informed me that, at the time of the discovery of the bones of Megalonyx described by Mr. Jefferson, numerous others were found. These were carried away by different persons, and seem to have been all lost, except several phalanges sent to Pyesident Monroe, and which are now preserved in the museum of the Lyceum of Natural History, of New York. Dr. Harlan! described some bones, which were found in Big-bone cave, Tennessee, and referred them to a distinct species of DMegalonyx from that indicated by the specimens of Jefferson’s collection, and gave to it the name of J laqueatus, while the other he called M. Jeffersonit. The specimens upon which the IM. laqgueatus was proposed, Dr. Harlan states, consisted “of two claws, one rib, and several remnants; os calcis, tibia, a portion of the femur; four dorsal and one lumbar vertebra; a portion of a molar tooth, together with several epiphyses.”* All these I have satisfactorily determined to belong to the Megalonyx Jeffersonii, as was previously suspected by Mr. William Cooper.? Dr. Harlan subsequently described the fragment of a lower jaw, and a clavicle, which were likewise attributed to the Megalonyx laqueatus,* but the former specimen was determined by Prof. Owen, of London, to belong to a distinct genus, for which the name Mylodon. had been previously proposed on some remains discovered in South America.* Dr. Harlan further gave an account of an os ilium, from Big-bone cave, White County, Tennessee, which, like all the newly discovered specimens, was attributed to the M. laqueatus.° Dr. Jeffries Wyman has described a tooth and the diaphysial portion of an un- gual phalanx, from the vicinity of Memphis Tennessee,’ which, as will be hereafter seen, are both attributable to the Megalonyx Jeffersonit. Materials for Study.—The materials to which I have had access in entering upon the description of the Megalonyx Jeffersonu are as follows :— + Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci., VI, 269; Med. and Phys. Researches, 319. 2 Thid., 271; Med. and Phys. Researches, 321. 8 An. Lyc. Nat. Hist., III, 166. + Monthly Journ. of Geology, 74; Med. and Phys. Res., 334. 5 Zool. of the Voyage of the Beagle, pt. 1, 63. s 5 Trans. Geol. Soc. of Penn., I, pt. 2, 347; Med. and Phys. Res., 336. 7 Am. Journ. Sci. and Arts, 2d ser., X, 58. MEGALONYX. 9) 1. The original specimens of Jefferson, which, together with a large collection of other organic remains, have been deposited by the American Philosophical Society in the cabinet of the Academy of Natural Sciences. These bones of the Megalonyx - Jeffersonii consist of a radius and an ulna; the second, third, and fifth metacarpals ; the second phalanx of the index finger, the first and last of the middle finger, the second and last of the annular finger, and the third of the thumb, all belonging to the left side. They are ochreous in color, unchanged in texture, compact, and heavy ; and they have a polished surface. Several of the specimens, as is frequently the case in cave bones, present an appearance of having been gnawed by some rodent animal. 2. The specimens which formed the basis of Dr. Harlan’s first memoir on the Megalonyx laqueatus.! They were presented to the Academy of Natural Sciences by Mr. J. P. Wetherill, and consist of bones of several individuals, as follows :— a. A collection of bones of a young animal, nearly all of them having the epi- physes detached. They are the left scapula imperfect, the left os humeri without epiphyses, the right radius without its distal epiphysis, the proximal two-thirds of the right ulna, the right os calcis, the distal epiphysis of the right os femoris, the left tibia without its distal epiphysis, the distal epiphysis of the right tibia, one lumbar vertebra, four dorsal vertebrae with one exception without epiphyses, frag- ments of. three right ribs, fragment of a left rib, and two ungual phalanges of the right hind foot. These were found in Big-bone cave, Tennessee. They are of a yellow color, comparatively light, unchanged in texture, and quite recent in appear- ance. Several of them are remarkable for retaining portions of articular cartilage, periosteum, and tendinous attachment; and one ungual phalanx has the nail pre- served upon it almost entire. They also present the marks of having been gnawed by some small rodent. These specimens, Mr. Cooper very correctly supposed, belonged to the young animal of Megalonyx Jeffersonii.* b. A rib of the left side, belonging to an adult animal; hard, compact, and unchanged in texture, and so resembling in appearance the specimens of Jefferson, that I am inclined to believe it belonged to the same skeleton. It was referred by Dr. Harlan to the same individual as the preceding bones, but being an adult specimen this is, of course, not possible. No specified locality is known for it ; but, from the statements of Major Le Conte® and Mr. Cooper,’ in relation to the discovery of the specimens described by Mr. Jefferson, that many others were found at the same time and carried off; this rib may be one of the lost bones. c. A left os humeri of an adult animal from Big-bone lick, Kentucky. The specimen is dark brown in color, hard, compact, and heavy, and is unchanged, except in being infiltrated with oxide of iron. 3. An ungual phalanx of the right median forefinger, being one of the three bones referred to as having been sent to President Monroe. It, together with a fragment of the lower jaw of Mylodon Hurlani, have been kindly loaned to me by the Lyceum of Natural History of New York, through one of its most active mem- 1 Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci., VI, pt. 1, 269. 2 An. Lye. Nat. Hist., III, 167. 5 See ante. 4 An. Lye. Nat. Hist., IJ, 167. 6 MEGALONYX. bers, Mr. George N. Lawrence. The phalanx has exactly the same appearance and texture as the specimens of: Jefferson, and as observed by Mr. Cooper, probably belonged to the same individual skeleton. 4. The tooth, and portion of claw described by Dr. Wyman, from the neighbor- hood of Memphis, Tennessee. These have been received through the kind attention of my friend, Mr. J. D. Dana, and are loaned from the cabinet of Prof. B. Silliman, Jr. The tooth is a first superior molar, is of large size, and is dull ferruginous in color. The portion of a claw is the ungual process of the median digit of a young animal, having the epiphysis detached and lost. It is of a dirty yellowish-white color, and is unchanged in its original texture. 5. A number of bones of an adult skeleton, which were discovered by Dr. M. W. Dickeson, in the vicinity of Natchez, Mississippi, associated with remains of the Mylodon, Mastodon, Equus americanus, Bootheriwm, Cervus, Ursus, Tapirus, ete. They were obtained, according to Dr. Dickeson, from a stratum of tenacious blue clay, which underlies the drift east of Natchez.* The specimens, which are now preserved in the museum of the Academy of Natural Sciences, are compact, firm, and heavy, and are of a deep brown color, from the infiltration of oxide of iron.2 They consist of a skull nearly entire, containing on one side the anterior three molars, and on the other the posterior four; the metacarpal bone and phalanges of an index finger; the first and ungual phalanges of a median finger ; four carpal bones; portions of both scapule; a clavicle; a fragment of the sacrum; small fragments of both innominata; several fragments of ribs; and a hyoid bone. 6. A first superior molar tooth, and the fragment of a rib, and of an ungual pha- lanx, discovered by Dr. Dickeson, near Natchez, Mississippi, but not with the preceding. The three specimens are white, chalk-like, and friable, and apparently belonged to the same individual. 7. A first superior molar of the right side; a fourth upper molar; all the phalanges of the annular, median, and index fingers, and the auricular and annular metacar- pals of the left side; and a right os femoris. These apparently belonged to four distinct individuals; and they were discovered in Adams County, Mississippi, and were kindly loaned to me by Col. B. L. C. Wailes, of the latter State. Most of the specimens are in an admirable state of preservation. 8. A supposed third superior molar tooth from Tuscumbia County, Alabama, loaned by my friend Prof. Jeffries Wyman. 9. A first and a third superior molar, from one individual, and a second superior molar, from a second individual, from Natchez Bluffs, Mississippi, loaned to me by Prof. Wyman. 10. A number of bones derived from a single skeleton, as follows: A nearly entire skull and lower jaw; the atlas, axis, and three other cervical vertebrae; one dorsal, one sacral, and one caudal vertebra, and small fragments of several others; 1 Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci., III, 106. 2 With these specimens, and presenting the same general appearance of color, compactness, &c., was discovered the so-called fossil human innominate bone.—Ibid. 107. MEGALONYX. 7 both clavicles; the glenoid articulation of the right scapula; the left humerus ; the articular extremities of the right ulna, and those of both radii; five carpal bones ; four metacarpals; eleven phalanges of the fore feet ; fragments of several ribs ; one sternal bone; both thigh bones broken; both patellae ; both tibiae ; seven tarsal bones; five metatarsals; and five phalanges of the hind feet. The bones are ochreous yellow in color, brittle, and fissured, but otherwise well- preserved. In relation to the locality from which they were obtained, I insert the following letter received from my friend Dr. D. D. Owen, with the date :— New Harmony, Inpiana, September, 18, 1854. Dear Sir: During my geological survey made this summer in Kentucky, I visited and examined the locality of the matrix of the bones of the MWegalonyx, which form the collection I forwarded to you for description in the memoir you are engaged in preparing for publication, on the Fossil Hdentata of the United States. As my geological report on that part of Kentucky will not appear before the issue of your work, I proceed to furnish you with a short description of the geological position and locality of these inter- esting organic relics. Travellers on the Ohio river will, doubtless, have noticed a remarkable rising ground, from five to six miles below Henderson, on the Kentucky shore, elevated considerably above the adjacent bottom land; and forming the site of a beautiful country residence, belonging to Mr. Walter Alves. It is to that gentleman I am indebted for the above valuable collection of bones sent to me in the summer of 1850. To the east, above Mr. Alves’s house, Canoe creek empties into the Ohio. Below the eminence on which the house stands, there is evidence of an ancient channel of a stream, probably that of the former extension of Canoe creek, which then swept round in a bend to the southwest, discharging its waters into Pond creek. The Ohio river gradually scooping away the Kentucky shore, encroached on the narrow neck of land intervening, and finally uniting, caused Canoe creek, as at present, to empty independently into the Ohio river. In the bank of the Ohio river, a few paces below the above-mentioned mound-like elevation, the bones in question were found, seventy feet below the ancient channel of Canoe creek, and eighty-five feet below the site of Mr. Alves’s house on the above elevated point of land around which Canoe creek meandered. The bone-bed is only some five or six feet above the ordinary low stage of water, lying intermixed and partially imbedded in a ferruginous sand charged with Paludina ponderosa, Say, Melania eanaliculata, Oyelas rivularis, Cyclostoma, Physa, Lymnea, Planorbis tricarinata, Say, P. lens, and fragments of unios, with stems and limbs of trees. Just beneath this ferruginous sand and shell bed, is a blue or rather a dark ash-colored clay. This clay has been most remarkably hollowed out into large cavities (‘‘ pot holes”). Into these cavities the ferruginous sand has been swept apparently by eddying currents of the Ohio river. This ferruginous sand is very irregular as to thickness, forming rather isolated deposits than one con- nected, continuous bed. Ata higher level (forty to fifty feet above the ordinary low water), the fine siliceous earths and marls are found, which are so universally distributed over the lower grounds in the vicinity of the Ohio, Mississippi, and Wabash rivers, even up to the height of one hundred feet and more, and which are locally characterized by several species of Helix, Pupa armigera, Succinea, Cyclostoma, &e. Near the junction of the ferruginous sand and “blue” clay, many trunks of oak and other trees are seen projecting ; often converted into a blackish-brown impressible charcoal or brown coal. We were not able to discover an instance where the bones were fairly imbedded in the ‘‘ blue” clay. They appear to originate in the ferruginous sand, and to be incrusted with the same material. Though the ferruginous sand and “blue” clay lie at a lower level than the fine siliceous marly earths, T am not quite certain whether the former may not have been deposited subsequently, unconformably on the slope of the latter. If not unconformable, then the bone bed is older than the siliceous marly earths. This I hope to be able to determine this fall. One thing, however, is very certain, both from the position of these bones and those found, under 8 MEGALONYX. analogous circumstances, in the banks of the Ohio, below Evansville, Vanderburg County, Indiana, that they are, comparatively speaking, of a very recent date, at least as recent as the origin of most of the existing species of univalve shells now inhabiting the Ohio river and its tributaries. The bones of the Megalonyx sent to you for description were not found altogether, or at one time; but were picked up from time to time, and from year to year, as they happened to be washed out from their matrix, particularly after recent freshets. I did not discover any further remains of edentata when I visited the locality last June, but obtained many horns and bones of deer, and probably of other ruminating animals; but, unfortunately, my collec- tion made at that time has all been lost in the wreck of the Cape May, sunk this summer in the Ohio river, near Mount Vernon. ; Description of the Skull—The skull of the Megalonyx Jeffersonii in the collection of Dr. Owen has lost its malar bones and pterygoid processes, but otherwise, except- ing a number of fractures and the loss of a few superficial fragments, is in a com- paratively good state of preservation. (Plates I, IJ, III, VI, Figs. 2, 3.) It is accompanied by the lower jaw, broken in three pieces. (Pls. I, V.) The upper jaw contains all the teeth excepting the second of the left side and the last of the right side; but the lower jaw has lost all excepting the second and last of the right side. In Megalonyx Jeffersonii, as in the Unau, the first tooth of the series, on each side in both jaws occupies a corresponding position, and in comparison with the other teeth gives the idea of its being a true canine. Lateral View of the Skull—(P1. 1.) In Mylodon robustus and in the Ai and Unau ‘the upper outline of the skull is convex, but in Megalonyx it is nearly horizontal ; departing from this course at the forehead where it is depressed, and upon the nose, where it is convex, though comparatively much less than in the Ai. The inion does not slope so much as in the latter and the Mylodon, and the anterior extremity .of the face presents a vertically sigmoid outline. The temporal fossa ascends to the median line of the cranium, and there termi- nates upon a prominent, rugged, sagittal crest; and inferiorly it is bounded by a rugged border, which separates it from the surface of origin of the external pterygoid muscle. Posteriorly it rests upon the strong root of the zygomatic process and the pyramidal border of the inion; and anteriorly its limits are defined by a semi-elliptical ridge, the free extremity of which forms an obtuse post-orbitar process, as in the Ai, and which in the Mylodon and Unau is developed into an angular apophysis. Viewed from its elevated margins, the temporal fossa is con- cave, but independent of these the surface is convex, and it is everywhere rough- ened by superficial decussating ridges, provided for the firm attachment of the fibres of the temporal muscle. The zygomatic process projects outward and forward at an angle of about 45°; and it is also directed downward, and terminates with an obliquely truncated and roughened extremity. Its temporal surface forms a concave slope four and a half inches in length from the boundary of the inion. Its outer surface antero-posteriorly and vertically is concave, and in the latter direction has a greater diameter than in Mylodon ; measuring just in advance of the middle two inches. The mastoid process is a conspicuous object in the side view of the head. It forms the postero-inferior angle of the cranium, and is a strong, vertical, conoidal tuberosity. It is vertically excavated posteriorly, and curved slightly anteriorly. MEGALONYX. ; 9 Between the two processes just described a wide and deep arch is formed, within which is visible the external auditory meatus. This has a vertically oval aperture bounded inferiorly by a rugged V-shaped auditory process. The face is relatively much shorter in advance of the orbit than in Mylodon, the Ai, and the Unau. Over the position of the first molar tooth it presents a convexity curving in the course of the latter downward and forward; and above this for a short distance it forms a nearly vertical plane, but its upper part is convex. Over the position of the posterior four molar alveoli it is slightly convex, and from the obtrusion of the teeth appears undulant. Between the position of the first and third molar and the malar process of the superior maxillary bone, the face forms a deep concavity. . The orbital surface is a vertical, oblique, and very shallow concavity, sloping upon the malar process outward, downward, and backward. Posteriorly it is defined from the temporal fossa by a superficial ridge hardly elevated at the middle, pro- ceeding from the post orbitar process to the outside of the optic foramen. Ante- riorly itis bounded by a general prominence of the face forming a sort of superciliary arch, and by a stout ridge constituted by the lachrymal bone resting upon the com- mencement of the malar process. The orbital surface of the lachrymal bone, presents a small oval foramen, the entrance of the lachrymal canal, which is directed inward, backward, and upward. The malar process is directed outward and downward, and the lower part of its root is a short distance above the alveolar margin of the third molar tooth. As before stated, the malar bones are broken off and lost from the specimen. In advance of the lachrymal bone the face presents a deep groove, which expands downward and backward upon the malar process and the commencement of the malar bone. The upper extremity of this groove has a small foramen opening into it; and about its middle is the exit of the infra-orbital canal, a vertically oval foramen directed forward, and placed about fourteen lines above the alveolar margin. The canal itself is an inch and a half in length, and the entrance to it is situated just posterior to the malar process and an inch and a half above the penultimate molar tooth. Superior View.—(P1. IL.) A striking difference in the upper aspect of the skull of Megalonyx from that of Mylodon, is the separation of the temporal fossee by a prominent, pyramidal, sagittal crest instead of a wide intervening surface. The sagittal crest in the specimen under consideration, is cleft by a deep wide fissure with smooth sides, which appears to be the gaping suture of the parietal bones. The temporal sides of the crest are rugged; and it proceeds at right angles from the marginal ridge of the inion to the frontal bone, upon which it bifurcates into prominent rugged ridges curving forward and outward to the post-orbital pro- tuberances. The temporal surfaces are convex and are most rough at their anterior half. Posteriorly, in the vicinity of the temporo-parietal suture and piercing the parietal and temporal bones, there are three venous foramina. The face above is smooth and convex, and it does not expand forward as in 9 a c 10 MEGALONYX. Mylodon, but, on the contrary, becomes narrower as in the Ai, though compara- tively to a much less extent. Inferior View.—(Pl. II.) The base of the skull of Megalonyx Appears relatively narrower in comparison with its length than in Mylodon. The occipital condyles are less sessile than those in the latter genus, and they also project more downward and backward. Their articular surface is bent about the middle, one-half being directed upward, backward, and outward, and the other half downward, forward, and outward. The basilar process is relatively narrower and more uneven than in Mylodon or the Ai. Between the condyles it presents a concave .border, in the median line it is convex, and on each side it slopes into a deep concave fossa, which is bounded ante- riorly by a prominent rough protuberance, and extends postero-externally to the border of the inion between the condyle and para-mastoid process. About the middle of the fossa just indicated, there exists a deep oval pit or short canal formed by the conjunction of two anterior condyloid foramina. Between the rough pro- tuberances mentioned, the basilar surface is concave; and anteriorly it is defined from the sphencidal body by a serrated suture, which is convex forward. The surface of the sphenoidal body is plane, and converges anteriorly between the roots of the pterygoid processes to an angular depression, terminating in a foramen or fissure passing above the base of the vomerine articulation. The auditory process in the present view of the skull appears as a rugged V- shaped portion of bone, with a tuberous apex. Wedged between the auditory process and a short inconspicuous para-mastoid process, there exists a robust, cylindroid tuberosity terminated by a concave dis- coidal surface for articulation with the stylo-hyal bone. Internal to the process just described, is the jugular foramen, which is large and oval. Separated from the jugular foramen by a rough ridge, the carotid fora- men is situated; and in advance of this, also separated by a rough ridge, which is an offset from the auditory process, there is a deep infundibular pit constituting the osseous continuation of the tympanic tube. Piercing the base of the stylo-hyal process, between it and the mastoid process, there are two stylo-mastoid foramina. Looking directly at the base of the skull, the foramina ovale and rotundum are nearly concealed from view by the roots of the pterygoid processes bending out- wardly. Both are large and are directed forward. The former is situated between the posterior part of the root of the pterygoid process and the inner end of the glenoid articulation; the latter is placed about the third of an inch in advance of the other. The glenoid articulation is elliptical in outline, and its long diameter is directed outward and forward. Antero-posteriorly it is nearly a plane, and measures about fourteen lines; and transversely it is concave, and measures two and a half inches. The hard palate is relatively narrower than that of Mylodon. Between the posterior three molars it is only fourteen lines wide; and it forms a median convexity nearly as prominent as the protruding portion of these teeth. “In advance of the third molars it gradually loses its convex character and expands into a nearly plane MEGALONYX. 11 surface, four inches in width at the posterior margins of the first molars, and two inches and a third at its anterior border. It is everywhere perforated by large vasculo-neural foramina, which communicate with a palatine canal piercing the hard palate on each side antero-posteriorly. The anterior extremity of the hard palate, between the position of the first molars, presents a large, oval, incisive foramen, which measures one inch and a half in the median line, and fourteen lines transversely. In front the incisive foramen is closed by the intermaxillary bones, which, in the present specimen, are separated by a narrow fissure, but are co-ossified with the maxillary bones. The alveoli for the posterior four molars extend to more than half the depth of the face, and are nearly vertical in their direction except the last one, which curves backward and downward. The outer margin of their orifices is half an inch above the median convexity of the hard palate; and between this convexity and the exserted portion of the contiguous teeth, a deep gutter exists. The extent of the tract occupied by the posterior four molar alveoli is a little over three inches antero-posteriorly, and fourteen lines transversely. From the first molars the others are separated by a hiatus, which presents a concave border outwardly, and in a straight line measures two inches. Corresponding with an unusual degree of development of the first molar, its alveolus is large and deep; and it commences within the position of the upper part of the anterior orbital margin. In its course to the antero-inferior angle of the face it curves forward, downward, and very slightly outward. The long diameter of its orifice is directed forward and inward, and measures twenty lines. Posterior View.—(Pl. VI, Fig. 8.) The occipital surface in outline has the same form as in Mylodon, but is relatively deeper in comparison with its breadth. The upper and lateral margins of the inion form a semicircle, and are roughened for muscular attachment. The occipital condyles are nearer together, and are separated above by a deeper notch than in Mylodon. Their greatest distance from each other at the middle, is about two inches. The occipital foramen is circular and is sixteen lines in diameter. The median portion of the occiput is elevated into a narrow vertical crest which ceases near the occipital foramen. Upon each side the surface is rugged; and it pre- sents about an inch below the summit of the inion a transverse crest, which at its outer part forms an irregular tuberosity. Anterior View.—(Pl. VI, Fig. 2.) The end of the face is relatively narrower and higher than in Mylodon ; and in outline is more vertically oblong quadrilateral, with the upper margin convex and the sides nearly vertical. The orifice of the nose is irregularly circular, and is a little more than three inches in diameter. Inferiorly it is bounded by a broad sloping surface, formed by the_antero-inferior portions of the alveoli for the first molars and the intervening intermaxillary bones. The latter are simple, oblong, quadrilateral plates, a little more than two inches in depth, and three quarters of an inch in breadth. 12 MEGALONYX. The parts within the interior of the nose are too much broken to obtain any very definite idea of their form. The specimen is also broken in the guttural region so as to expose the capacious sinuses existing between the tables of the cranial bones. Sutural Connections of the Bones of the Skull.—As previously stated, in the speci- men under examination the sagittal suture remains open in the form of a deep cleft separating the two sides of the corresponding crest. The fronto-parietal suture is completely obliterated, but its position is still trace- able, commencing at the anterior extremity of the sagittal crest, and curving back- ward and downward about the middle of the temporal surface. The temporo-parietal suture is serrated, and pursues a nearly straight course from the postero-superior extremity of the root of the zygomatic process downward and forward to the sphenoid bone. The occipito-parietal suture remains open in the specimen, and courses along the semicircular margin of the inion until it reaches the temporal bone, when it abruptly turns posteriorly and descends in a line, which is convex inward to the point of separation of the paramastoid and stylo-hyal processes. The sutures of the lachrymal and nasal bones are obliterated in the specimen. Oomparison of the Megalonyx Skull of Dr. Dickeson’s Collection, with that of Dr. Owen’s Collection.—The skull in the collection of Dr. Dickeson, though less com- plete than that first described, is, nevertheless, also in a comparatively good state of preservation; and as indicated by the more perfect obliteration of its sutural connections, it belonged to an older individual. (Pls. 1V, VI, Fig. 1.) It has lost a portion of the face, the intermaxillaries, the malar bones, and the zygomatic and pterygoid processes, and it is unaccompanied by the lower jaw. The upper jaw on the right side has lost the first molar, and on the left side the last two molars. This specimen presents a number of differences from that of Dr. Owen’s collec- tion, but none of them, I think, are of sufficient importance to characterize a dis- tinct species. The skull is shorter than Dr. Owen's specimen, but in a corresponding degree is both deeper and broader. In the lateral view (Pl. IV), the upper outline is not so nearly horizontal, but above the temporal region is strongly convex, at the forehead is much more de- pressed, and at the face is less convex. The inion is more vertical; and the temporal fossee possess a greater vertical diameter, though their length is no less. The squamous portion of the temporal bone is larger, is more elevated above the general level of the temporal surface, and also is rather more roughened by reticular ridges. The venous foramina in the vicinity of the temporo-parietal suture are larger. In the upper view of the skull the anterior portion of the temporal region appears much more prominently convex than in Dr. Owen’s specimen. The sagittal crest also is more elevated, and in this instance is not cleft. The ridges diverging from the latter anteriorly, are less prominent, but the post-orbital protuberances are a little more so. MEGALONYX. 13 The upper part of the face is shorter, and broader, and anteriorly is less sloping. In the present specimen the palatine canals become exposed and form a deep, concave, trilateral fossa situated just in advance of the middle of the position of the hiatus separating the first from the back molars. (Pl. VI, Fig. 1.) The antero- internal angle of the fossa is continuous with a shallow groove passing to the inci- sive foramen; and the antero-external angle communicates with a large canal ascending at the postero-internal side of the alveolus for the first molar. In Dr. Owen’s specimen the shallow groove proceeding to the incisive foramen, is derived from a foramen communicating with the palatine canal. The alveolus for the first molar is not so deep as in Dr. Owen’s specimen; and its bottom does not reach within half an inch of the position of the anterior orbital margin, but this difference is probably dependent upon age merely. Comparative Measurements of the Skulls of MEGALONYX JEFFERSONI in the Collections of Drs. Owen and Dickeson. Dr. OweEn’s Dr. DickEson’s SPECIMEN. SPECIMEN. Inches. Lines. Inches. Lines. Length of the skull from the occipital condyles to the ante- rior margin of the first molar alveoli : : =) > 14 L538 Length of temporal fossa to post-orbital Seas 7 9 (Sete, Depth of temporal fossa in a straight line 4 4 6 Length of face from post-orbital protuberance 4 8 4 5 Height of face from most prominent part to middle of = palate 6 Bia) 9 Breadth of face at ae eel Se eae 4 11 Bagi Breadth of face at anterior extremity . 3 9 3 9 Breadth of face at sides of first molar alveoli 4 6 4 6 estimated. Height of face at anterior extremity 5 5 Diameter of orifice of the nose . 3 6 3 EG Length of face from the first to the last noe aieentae 7 6 9 estimated. Breadth of cranium at narrowest part of the temporal region 3 6 4 Length of sagittal crest 5 5 Height of inion from inferior margin oe peered! forinen 4 4 4 4 Breadth of inion at mastoid processes 6 3 pe: Inferior Maxilla—(P1. 1, V.) The illustrious comparative anatomist of England, Professor Owen, has described, in the voyage of the Beagle (Mammalia, Pt. I, p. 99; Pl. xxix), a lower jaw which he attributes to the Megalonyx Jefferson. The specimen was discovered in South America, and Professor Owen remarks: “It is the only fossil brought home by Mr. Darwin, that could be confidently referred to the genus Megalonyx; but the form of the jaw fully justifies this determination.” The author further observes: “The forms of the alveoli are best preserved in the right ramus; the first is the smallest, and seems to have contained a tooth of which the transverse section must have been simply elliptical; the second tooth is likewise laterally compressed, but the transverse section is ovate, the great end being turned forwards ; the third socket presents a corresponding form, but a larger 14 - MEGALONYX. size; the fourth socket is too much mutilated to allow of a correct opinion being formed as to the shape of the tooth which it contained.” When the skull of the Megalonyx Jeffersonii in the collection of Dr. Dickeson, was first submitted to my inspection, from the large size of the first molar tooth, and its unusually advanced position from the other molars, I inferred the lower jaw above indicated could not belong to the genus Megalonyx. Further, the recedence poste- riorly of the two sides of the lower jaw is much greater than it possibly could be in Megalonyx Jefersonit, for according to Professor Owen’s figure (Pl. xxix), repre- senting the specimen reduced to two-thirds the size of nature, the distance between the alveoli of the two sides at any position is over four inches, whereas in the upper jaw of the skull of Dr. Dickeson’s collection, the corresponding interval does not measure more than an inch and three-quarters. Under these circumstances, as the lower jaw also differs in well-marked charac- ters from that of Mylodon, Scelidotheriwm, &e., at an early period in preparing this memoir, I proposed for the new genus indicated by the specimen, the name Gna- thopsis, and dedicated the species to Professor Owen under the name of G. Oweni.' These views are entirely confirmed by the specimen of a lower jaw accompanying the Megalonyx skull in the collection of Dr. Owen. In its general form the inferior maxilla of Megalonyz is like that of Mylodon and the recent sloths. The outer side of the body of the jaw (Pl. I), is vertically and antero-posteriorly convex. Its front is relatively narrow compared with that of Mylodon and the Ai, and at the lower part is convex; but above it forms a prominent, pyramidal, keel- like ridge to the symphysis. Over the position externally of the first alveolus the surface is uniformly convex, but at its upper part appears more so from the existence of a deep concavity between the first and second alveolus, and the presence of the anterior symphysial ridge. The inner surface of the body of the jaw (Pl. V, Fig. 2), is a vertical plane; and the base is thick and convex. The alveolus for the first molar is three and a half inches in depth, and is directed upward, forward, and outward; and its orifice presents a corresponding obliquity to that above. The alveoli for the posterior three molars occupy a tract about three inches in length, by fourteen lines in width, and they descend to the base of the jaw. (PI. V, Fig. 1). The hiatus separating them from the first molar is twenty lines long, and is constituted by a thick perforated border curving a little outward in its course forward. The ramus is a broad, thin plate, which appears as if it was inserted into the body of the jaw on a line with the third molar alveolus. Its outer face is a vertical plane, and presents a well marked ridge for muscular attachment, sweeping from the anterior margin of the coronoid process in a semi-circle to the bottom of the angular process.’ 1 Proce Acad: Nat, Sei., Vil, a7. MEGALONYX. Ya The condyle is a convexity, two inches in transverse diameter, and about three- fourths of an inch in its antero-posterior diameter; and anteriorly it slopes to the bottom of the notch in advance. The latter is much broader than in Mylodon ; but the coronoid process is nar- rower, though relatively much broader and shorter than in the Ai. The angular process also is relatively less broad than in Mylodon, and is shorter and deeper than in the Ai. It projects backward but not upward; externally it is convex and internally concave, and on both sides is strongly relieved by promi- nent ridges for muscular attachment. The inferior dental canal commences at the base of the coronoid process, one inch and a half behind the last molar alveolus, and it presents one of its foramina of exit external to the position of the last molar just below the margin descending from the coronoid process, and the other at the side of the symphysial ridge immediately in advance of the first molar alveolus. Measurements of the lower jaw. Inches. Lines. Length from angular process. : : : : i - ; a 6 Depth at condyle - ; : , : é . ; : : Be tea! 3 Depth at coronoid process . : ; ; : “ : : ? : 6 Depth at third molar alveolus. ; : : : : : : eat S 7 Depth at hiatus separating the anterior two molars. 3 : : eles | Dentition.—As in all the sloth tribe the teeth of Megalonyx are long, fangless columns, of uniform diameter in the adult condition; are deeply excavated from their bottom for the reception of a persistent dental pulp; and are arranged in the order of five molars upon each side in the upper jaw, and four molars upon each side in the lower jaw. In Megalonyx as in the Unau, the anterior tooth of the series in both jaws is placed considerably in advance of the others, and in general form and position conveys the idea of its being a true canine tooth (Pls. I, III, IV, V, VI, Fig. 2). As previously stated, the upper jaw of the skull in the collection of Dr. Owen contains all the teeth except the second on the left, and the last on the right side (Pl. III). The lower jaw accompanying the skull contains only the second and last of the right side (Pl. V). Of the upper molars in the specimen just mentioned the first on both sides, when removed from its socket, is found to be perfect except in the loss of the thin edge of the pulp cavity. This tooth is strongly curved, being convex anteriorly and ex- ternally, and concave posteriorly and internally. Along the curve of the anterior border, it is five inches in length. In transverse section (Pls. III, XVI, Fig. 1), it is elliptical with an inner median bulge, which in a trifling degree extends more anteriorly. The triturating surface is worn concave in a sloping manner towards the edge posterior to the inner bulge of the tooth, and except in the latter position, is surrounded by an elevated border composed of the less worn, harder dentinal substance. At the anterior two-thirds of the outer margin of the triturating surface, the cementum is worn away for a short depth. 16 MEGALONYX. The pulp cavity extends in an infundibular form about two inches from its margin. The antero-posterior diameter of this tooth is seventeen and a half lines; its greatest transverse diameter, nine lines. The corresponding tooth preserved in the left side of the skull in Dr. Dickeson’s collection, possesses the same form, but differs in being strongly impressed by three longitudinal lines upon its outer surface (Pls. IV, XVI, Fig. 2). Removed from its socket, this tooth is observed to have been in its perfect condition not more than two-thirds the length of those contained in the skull of Dr. Owen's collection, probably because it belonged to an old animal, and was worn away without an equal amount of reparation. This is rendered more likely from the fact that the pulp cavity reaches within a half an inch of the triturating surface of the tooth. The antero-posterior diameter of the specimen is eighteen and a quarter lines; its greatest transverse diameter nine and three quarter lines. The specimen of a first upper right molar tooth (PI. VI, Figs. 4,5; XVI, Fig. 4), from the neighborhood of Wenn, Tennessee, in the collection ae ree Silliman, is more robust than those above described. Its outer side is also more plane and presents only the faintest indication of longitudinal depressed lines. Its antero- posterior diameter is nineteen lines; its greatest transverse diameter nine and a half lines. The specimen of a first upper right molar tooth (Pl. XVI, Fig. 5), from Adams Co., Mississippi, in the collection of Prof. Wailes, is more convex on its outer side than in any of those previously mentioned, and it presents no trace of longitudinal impressed lines. Its antero-posterior diameter is eighteen and a half lines; its greatest transverse diameter nine and three-quarter lines. The specimen of a first upper left molar tooth (Pl. XVI, Fig. 6), from Natchez Bluffs, Mississippi, in the collection of Prof. Wyman, is smaller than any of those described ; but it has about the same form and proportions as that of Prof. Wailes’ collection. Its antero-posterior diameter is sixteen lines; its greatest transverse diameter eight and three-quarter lines. The isolated first molar (Pl. VI, Figs. 6,7; XVI, Fig. 3), found in company with a fragment of a rib and an ungual phalanx, near Natchez, Mississippi, and now contained in Dr. Dickeson’s collection, before having had the opportunity of inspecting any number of first molars of different individuals of Megalonyx Jeffersonii, I suspected from its differing so much from those examined, that it indicated a different species, for which I proposed the name of Megalonyx potens.' The tooth is relatively narrower in comparison with its antero-posterior diameter, than in any of those described, and its outer surface is more plane. The triturating surface is worn off obliquely and slopes postero-internally. The antero-posterior diameter of the specimen is twenty-one lines ; its greatest transverse diameter nine and a half lines. The first molar of the Megalonyx, described by Dr. Harlan, appears to be that of the upper left side.’ Its form corresponds with those in the skull of Dr. Owen’s * Proc. Acad. Nat. Sce., VI, 1852, 117. 2 See page 4. MEGALONYX. 17 collection. The measurements of a cast of this tooth are sixteen and a half lines in its antero-posterior diameter, and nine lines in its transverse diameter. © On commencing my investigations of Megalonyx, with only two specimens of first upper molar teeth before me, in addition to the one contained in the skull of Dr. Dickeson’s collection, I found such differences of form as to lead me to the conclusion that they belonged to three distinct species, while a fourth was based upon the description of a tooth by Dr. Harlan.’ Further discoveries have indi- cated a considerable extent of variation in the form of the same teeth in different individuals, so that I now feel convinced that at most there are not more than two” known species of North American Megalonyx, and perhaps only one. As before stated, the first molar is lost from the lower jaw in Dr. Owen’s collec- tion; nor have I had an opportunity of inspecting a first lower molar tooth of the Megalonyxz. A cast, which I made in clay of the first molar alveolus in the lower jaw above mentioned, presents a form like that of the corresponding teeth of the upper jaw, but it is a little more convex externally, and is of more uniform thickness, or its inner median bulge is less prominent, and anterior and posterior to this it is thicker. Its antero-posterior diameter is seventeen lines; its greatest transverse diameter is nine lines. (PI. XVI, Fig. 7. Section of the cast.) The tooth represented by Cuvier in figure 14 of the plate of the bones of Mega- lonyx, in the Ossemens Fossiles, judging from the view of the triturating surface, appears to me to be the first lower molar of the right side. In the corresponding upper molars, the triturating surface is nearly concealed when the teeth are viewed upon the inner side. The posterior four molars(Pl. III), in the skull of Dr. Owen’s collection, where nearest together are separated by an interval of several lines, which widens more or less towards the inner and outer sides of the teeth. The median pair are the largest and longest. The second and third molars are nearly straight in their course, but incline very slightly outward; the fourth molar in addition, curves slightly backward ; and the last of the series curves strongly backward in its course downward. The second upper molar in section (Pl. XVI, Fig. 9, d), is quadrate with rounded angles. Its inner and posterior sides are the greater, and are nearly equal; and the remaining sides are also nearly equal, and are planes. The inner side is slightly convex, and the posterior side is nearly a plane and is directed obliquely outward. The third and fourth molars are relatively much broader compared with their measurement antero-posteriorly, than in the second tooth of the series. In section (Pl. XVI, Fig. 9, ¢, 6), they form an isosceles triangle with the base internal and 1 Megalonyx Jeffersonii, M. laqueatus, M. potens, and M. dissimilis. See Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., VI, 1852, 117. The first upper molar in the skull of Dr. Dickeson’s collection, I viewed as charac- teristic of Megalonyx Jeffersonii; that figured by Dr. Harlan (Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci., VI, Pl. XII, Figs. 7-9; Med. and Phys. Res., Pl. XII, Figs. 7-9), as characteristic of M. laqueatus; that repre- sented in Pl. VI, Figs. 6, 7, and Pl. XVI, Fig. 3, of this memoir, as characteristic of I. potens; and that represented in Pl. XIV, Figs. 4, 5, 6; Pl. XVI, Figs. 8, 15, as characteristic of M. dissimilis. * Megalonyx Jeffersonii, and M. dissimilis. 3 18 MEGALONYX. the angles strongly rounded. The anterior side is transverse and slightly convex, and the inner side is also convex. The posterior side is slightly concave and directed obliquely outward. The last molar is a smaller tooth than the preceding pair, but has nearly the same form in a reversed position, the base of the triangular section (Pl. XVI, Fig. 9, a), being outward. Its posterior side is transverse and is slightly concave ; and the anterior side is convex and directed obliquely inward. The triturating surface of the last molar is broken off, but in the three preceding teeth it presents the form of a transverse concave valley sloping inwardly. Anteriorly and posteriorly the valley is bounded by an angular ridge formed from the harder dentinal layer of the teeth with the cementum worn from it in a bevelled manner. (Pl. IIT.) The posterior four superior molars in the skull of Dr. Dickeson’s collection, are very nearly like those just described. (Pl. VI, Fig. 1; XVI, Fig. 10, d, ¢, b, a.) The third molar is not as thick internally, and is a little thicker externally, so that the antero-posterior diameter is more uniform. The fourth molar is less broad and is more convex anteriorly; and the last of the series is a little broader, and in sec- tion is more elliptical. The triturating surface, which is preserved entire in the specimen of the latter tooth, presents a transverse valley like that of the teeth m advance. Measurements of the Posterior four Superior Molars in the Skull of Dr. Owen’s Collection. TRANSVERSE. ANTERO-POSTERIOR. Lo SSS INT. EXT. Lines. Lines. Lines. Diameter of second upper molar é é : : x SQ st 7 Diameter of third upper molar . : z : : a ly gf 6 Diameter of fourth upper molar . : : F : . 12d 9 5 Diameter of fifth upper molar . 3 : E : 6 lo) 3 62 Measurements of the corresponding Teeth in the Skull of Dr. Dickeson’s Collection. TRANSVERSE. ANTERO-POSTERIOR. a_i om ed INT. EXT. Lines. Lines. Lines. Diameter of second upper molar : : ; : . 94 AAS 7 Diameter of third upper molar . ‘ : é : . 124 8 6 Diameter of fourth upper molar . : 5 : ‘ 5 Wik 8 6 Diameter of fifth upper molar . ~° . : : é ellos 4 6 The isolated superior back molar (Pl. XVI, Fig. 11), from Adams County, Mis- sissippi, in the collection of Col. Wailes, approaches most in its form the fourth upper molar contained in the skulls above described. Its transverse diameter is eleven lines; and its antero-posterior diameter externally six lines, and internally seven and a quarter lines. ‘The supposed isolated superior third molar (Pl. VI, Figs. 8,9; XVI, Fig. 13), from Tuscumbia County, Alabama, in the collection of Professor Wyman, is rela- MEGALONYX. 19 tively much less thick internally than those above described, and is also impressed with a longitudinal groove internally. Its triturating surface is worn into a trans- verse angular groove, the anterior and posterior margins of which are acute and have an oblique course reverse to each other. Probably this tooth may belong to a different animal from the Megalonyx. Its transverse diameter is twelve lines; and its antero-posterior diameter externally six lines, internally seven and a half lines. : The specimen of a small molar, accompanying the first superior molar and appa- rently belonging to the same individual, from Natchez Bluffs, Mississippi, in the collection of Dr. Wyman, appears to be a superior third molar; but its section (PI. XVI, Fig. 12), approaches more the quadrate form than that of any of the corre- sponding teeth which have been described. Its triturating surface presents a deeper concavity than in any of the foregoing specimens of posterior superior molars. The transverse diameter of this tooth is eleven lines; its antero-posterior diameter ex- ternally six lines, internally seven and a half lines. The isolated upper second molar (Pl. XVI, Fig. 14), from Natchez Bluffs, Mis- sissippi, in the collection of Dr. Wyman, has nearly the form of the corresponding teeth in the skulls above described. It is broader transversely, and narrower antero-posteriorly, is less convex internally, and is impressed on its other three sides. Its transverse diameter is ten lines; its antero-posterior diameter externally six lines, internally seven and a half lines. Of the two molars preserved in the lower jaw (PI. V), of Dr. Owen’s collection, the second of the series in transverse section (Pl. XVI, Fig. 16), is quadrate with rounded angles. The anterior and posterior sides are slightly convex, and the latter is the broadest. The lateral sides are smaller than the others, and are about equal, and they are slightly impressed at their middle. The triturating surface is concave, and bounded by an acute edge, which is most prominent antero-internally and at the postero-external angle. A section of the socket for the third inferior molar is also quadrate, with rounded angles; and the anterior and posterior sides are broadest and about equal. The fourth molar (Pl. VI, Figs. 10, 11; XVI, Fig. 17), like the preceding pair, is quadrate with convex sides; the outer one being oblique and slightly impressed. The triturating surface of this tooth (Pl. VI, Fig. 11), is worn into a transverse valley, whose boundaries are most prominent at the antero-internal and _ postero- external angles. Lines. Transverse diameter of the second lower molar . : ; é 2 : mill || Antero-posterior diameter of the second lower molar . : : : : . 8s Transverse diameter of the fourth lower molar . : ‘ ’ ‘ 3 . lid Antero-posterior diameter of the fourth lower molar . ° : ‘ F . 8s Structure of the Teeth—As previously stated, the teeth of Megalonyz, as in all sloth-like animals, consist of simple, long, fangless columns, deeply excavated from the bottom for the reception of a persistent dental pulp. At the commencement of the pulp cavity the teeth form an exceedingly thin edge, and they very gradually increase in thickness to the apex of the cavity. 20 MEGALONYX: The extent of the pulp cavity appears to be subject to some variation, probably dependent upon the age of the animal. Thus, in the first superior molar contained in the skull of Dr. Owen’s collection, the pulp cavity extends about half the length of the tooth, which measures nearly five inches; but in the corresponding tooth in the skull of Dr. Dickeson’s collection, the pulp cavity reaches within three-fourths of an inch of the triturating surface. The latter specimen, however, in its perfect condition, has been at least an inch and a half shorter than the former, probably from its having belonged to an older animal in which the tooth, having further fulfilled its function, has been more worn away, for the alveolus is also more shallow than that in the skull of Dr. Owen’s collection. Characteristic of the family to which JJegalonyx belongs, the teeth are entirely destitute of enamel, and in transverse section they exhibit a central disk of very porous dentine, surrounded by a much harder layer of the same substance, which is also inclosed by a thinner layer of cementum. The harder dentinal layer is thickest where the teeth, in mastication, are most subjected to attrition. It appears less dense than the corresponding substance in the teeth of Mylodon, and the strize and punctze produced by the sides and extremities of its tubuli are much more distinctly visible to the naked eye. It has also a con- centric disposition, as exhibited by a number of fine lines. The cementum externally has a longitudinally striato-granulated appearance, and in section also presents a concentric arrangement. In the first superior molars the harder dentinal layer is thickest externally and antero-internally, and is thinnest postero-internally. The cementum also holds the same relations of thickness in different positions. Upon the remaining molars the harder dentine and cementum are thickest anteriorly and posteriorly, and are very thin laterally. Cervical Vertebrce.—Of the vertebrae of the neck, Dr. Owen’s collection contains the atlas, axis, and three others, which appear to be the third, fifth, and seventh. The atlas (Pl. VII, Figs. 1, 2) of Megalonyx Jeffersonii is about one-third less in size than that of Mylodon robustus, and possesses very nearly the same form. The upper arch of the atlas is convex transversely, and measures twenty lines antero-posteriorly ; and it is surmounted by a conoidal protuberance. The lower arch is nearly as convex as the former, but only measures an inch antero-posteriorly. The transverse processes are broad, are slightly convex above, and below present a deep concavity leading to the vertebral foramina. The spinal canal is vertically oval and measures two and a half inches in its long diameter, and an inch and two thirds between the tubercles of attachment for the transverse ligament. The articular facets for the occipital condyles are deeply concave and slope to the spinal canal. The posterior articular facets are oblique, ovoid, and slightly concave. The facet for articulation with the odontoid process of the axis is trans- versely elliptical, and measures an inch and a half in its long diameter. The course of the vertebral artery is indicated by a tortuous passage, as follows: A deep channel commences above at the back margin of the transverse process, MEGALONYX. 91 passes on the outside of the contiguous articular process forward and inward, and then becomes continuous with a foramen, piercing the base of the transverse pro- cess downward and forward. The channel next continues a short distance on the under side of the transverse process, and then communicates with a second foramen piercing its base forward and upward. It now turns inward and forward from the latter foramen, and becomes continuous with a third foramen piereing the abutment of the upper arch of the bone above the position of the anterior articular process and turning inward and forward to the spinal canal. Inches. Greatest transverse diameter of the atlas. ‘ ; : : ; ‘ ~ 6} Length at the conjunction of the arches . : : ; . : : . 33 The body of the axis (Pl. VII, Fig. 3), with its process, is three and a half inches long; and posteriorly it presents a transversely elliptical surface, twenty-two lines wide and sixteen deep. The inferior surface possesses a prominent median ridge, upon each side of which it is concave. The odontoid process inferiorly sup- ports an oblique, discoidal, articular facet for conjunction with the atlas; and superiorly presents a smaller facet for contact with the transverse ligament. Viewed laterally, the spinous process presents a broad surface, terminated by an irregularly convex margin, at its widest part measuring three inches. Posteriorly the spinous process is excavated into a deep and wide vertical concavity, which expands below upon the roof of the spinal canal. The abutments of the spinous process or the sides of the spinal arch above the posterior articular facets, are nearly two inches wide, but between these facets and those anterior, they are only ~ an inch wide. The spinal canal is obcordiform, and anteriorly measures about twenty lines in its long diameter; but. transcends this gradually by expansion posteriorly. The anterior articular facets are oval in outline and slightly convex. Those posterior are elliptical and transversely convex, and are directed downward. The transverse processes are elongated pyramidal, project outward and backward at an angle of about 45°, and posteriorly measure two inches and a quarter in length. The foramen for the vertebral bloodvessels pierces the base of the transverse process from behind outward and forward, and is visible laterally just behind the anterior articular process. The remaining three cervical vertebrae, apparently the third, fifth, and seventh, have a demi-cylindroid body expanding posteriorly. (Pl. VIL, Fig. 4.) The anterior surface of the body is transversely demi-oval and convex ; and the posterior surface is oval and slightly concave. The spinous process is long, tapering, and trilateral; and presents an acute margin anteriorly, and a thick, vertically grooved one posteriorly. In the seventh vertebra it is three inches in length, and has an irregular tuberous extremity. The spinal canal is trilateral, and has its vertical diameter the deeper in the third vertebra; but in the other two the transverse diameter is the greater. The arti- _ cular processes form four projecting angles to the base of the spinal arch. Those anterior are most prominent, and present a concaye facet directed upward and in- 99 MEGALONYX. ward, and bounded externally by a rounded protuberance. ‘The posterior articular processes have convex facets directed downward and outward. The transverse processes are supported by a pair of abutments, with the foramen for the vertebral artery intervening, of which one is derived from the side of the body, the other from the side of the spinal arch. At their outer part they are prolonged anteriorly and to a greater extent posteriorly; and they terminate in notched extremities. The height of the fifth vertebra from the inferior margin of the body posteriorly to the end of the spinous process is five and a half inches, and the height of the seventh vertebra in the same position is seven inches. Dorsal Vertebree.—Of these there are two in the collection of Dr. Owen; one from the anterior portion of the series, the other from the posterior portion. The specimen of an anterior dorsal vertebra has lost the posterior epiphysis of its body, and has its spinous process broken away. The body of this bone is trans- versely elliptical, and its anterior surface is a little over two inches in breadth and an inch and a half in depth. The sides of the spinal arch are over two inches wide, and gradually spread from each other posteriorly. The anterior angles of their base curl upward into a pro- cess supporting the corresponding articular facet, which is concave and directed upward and inward. The posterior articular facets rest upon the under side of the posterior margin of the spinal arch. They are oval and slightly concave, and are directed downward and inward. The spinal canal is trilateral and expands posteriorly. Its entrance anteriorly is a little wider than the body of the bone, but the vertical diameter is a little less. The spinous process, judging from its broken base, appears to have had the same form as in the posterior cervical vertebree. The transverse processes extend nearly two and a half inches from the body, and at their extremity inferiorly present a deep concave facet for articulation with the tubercle of the rib. At the anterior part of the body on each side, a small articular facet exists for articulation with the head of the rib. The breadth of this vertebra from the extremities of the transverse process is seven inches. | The posterior dorsal vertebra above indicated is in three fragments, and the body has lost its anterior epiphysis. The specimen is twice the bulk of that just described. The body of the bone is demi-cylindroidal and constricted between the epiphysial surfaces. The posterior epiphysis is three and a half inches broad and three inches deep. The spinous process is five and a half inches in length from the margin anteriorly of the spinal canal, inclines backward, and terminates in a stout convex tuberosity. The spinal canal is nearly circular, and is about two inches and a half in diameter. The anterior and posterior articular processes are simple elliptical planes, resting upon the corresponding portions of the spinal arch; the former being directed up- ward and slightly outward and forward, the latter downward and slightly inward and backward. The transverse processes are thick, curved tuberosities, projecting from the spinal MEGALONYX. 23 arch, on a line with the posterior articular processes. They present on their outer face a convex articular facet for junction with the tubercle of the rib; and at the . side of the spinal arch, below the position of the anterior articular processes, a concave facet exists for junction with the head of the rib. The height of the posterior dorsal vertebra just described, from the postero- - inferior margin of its body to the extremity of the spinous process is nine inches ; its breadth at the transverse processes is six and a half inches. Sacrum.—The fragment of a sacrum in the collection of Dr. Dickeson consists of the upper part of the anterior three divisions of the bone; and it is eight and a half inches long. The spinal canal at the position of the first segment, is over three inches in breadth, and it appears to have retained this size as far back as the fragment extends. The spinous processes form a thick ridge, which is elevated about an inch and a half above the surface of the spinal canal. The anterior extremity of the fragment presents a broad process, formed by the conjunction of the first sacral spinous process with the contiguous articular processes, appearing to have served the purpose of a protection to the interval between the last lumbar vertebra and sacrum. The last sacral vertebra (Pl. VII, Fig. 5), in the collection of Dr. Owen, resem- bles in its form the corresponding bone of Mylodon and the recent Ai. Its body is transversely elliptical; and at its anterior articular facet is slightly convex trans- versely, and at its posterior facet in the same direction is slightly concave. The breadth of the body anteriorly is three and a half inches, and its depth nearly two inches. Posteriorly it is three and a quarter inches broad, by two and a half deep. The spinal canal is crescentic with rounded extremities ; and it measures three inches in breadth by one and a quarter in depth. The spinous process is a short thick ridge elevated about an inch above the surface of the spinal canal. The anterior articular processes are prominent tuberosities projecting forward from the spinal arch and supporting a small concave facet upon their inner side. The poste- rior articular processes are slightly tuberous, and present their facet outward and downward. The transverse processes are thick and strong, and project outward and backward for four and a half inches from the body, and anteriorly they pre- sent a long, oblique, rough surface for conjunction with the ischium. The height of the last sacral vertebra is four and a half inches; its breadth is ten and a half inches. Coceyx.—Of the two coccygeal vertebrae in the collection of Dr. Owen, one be- longed to the anterior part of the tail, the other to the posterior part. The anterior vertebra (Pl. VII, Fig. 6), is broken into two. Its body is subcircular, and is bounded by pentahedral articular faces, which are slightly convex. The posterior face is continuous below with a pair of sloping facets for articulation with a chevron bone. The breadth of the anterior surface of the body is three inches, and its depth two and three-quarter inches. The spinal arch is broken away ; but the canal between its abutments measures about an inch and a half in width. The posterior articular processes are also broken away. Those anterior project obliquely from the antero-superior angles of the body; and they form a stout tuberosity, supporting an ovoid articular facet upon their inner side. The transverse processes 24 : MEGALONYX project backward and outward from the side of the body for about two inches; and _ they are trilateral, and have a thick tuberous extremity. The specimen of a posterior coccygeal vertebra has a transversely elliptical body with an anterior hexahedral and a posterior oval articular surface. Both of the latter are convex, or rather they are centrally very slightly depressed, and at the circumference are bevelled off. The anterior surface is two inches and a third in breadth, by one and three-quarters in depth, and that posterior is two inches in breadth, and one and a half in depth. The inferior surface of the body presents two pairs of short tuberosities for articulation with chevron bones. The spinal canal is open, and is bounded upon each side by a wing-like process, the rudiment of the articular processes. The transverse process is broad and thick, measures two inches in length, and projects outward and backward. Hyoid Bone.—The hyoid bone (Pl. VU, Figs. 7, 8), of Megalonyx, m comparing it with the figures of this bone of the recent sloths in Blainyille’s Osteographie, is found to resemble most that of the Unau. i The specimen in the collection of Dr. Dickeson, is a V-shaped bone, with a pair of anterior tubercles separated by a deep notch, and supporting a circular, shallow concave, articular facet for the cerato-hyal element. The diverging arms of the bone from its anterior angle are about two inches eight lines in length; and they terminate in a circular convex facet. Ribs.—The adult specimen of a rib described by Dr. Harlan,’ consists of about two feet of the vertebral portion, and is peculiarly interesting from its presenting the indications of a fracture, which existed a foot and a half from the head of the bone, and had so well healed that no deformity exists except a convex thickening upon the inner side. This fact is additional evidence in support of the view ingeniously inferred by Professor Owen, that the giant sloths were very liable to accidents not unfrequently involving fracture of the bones, from the habit of up- rooting trees, the boughs of which formed their food. The head of the bone presents a single convex articular facet, and the tubercle another, which is deeply concave. Of the several small fragments of ribs in the collection of Dr. Owen, one of them at its broadest part measures two inches. Of the fragments of ribs in Dr. Dicke- son’s collection, one is a sternal extremity, and this presents the same form as the corresponding part in Mylodon and the Ai. Scapula.—The fragment of a scapula in Dr. Owen’s collection, preserves the glenoid articulation, which is ovoid, and is three and a quarter inches long by two and a half wide; is over an inch in depth from the level of its end margins, but is not more than the fourth of an inch in depth from the level of its side margins. Of the portions of both scapule in the collection of Dr. Dickeson, one consists of the glenoid articulation and coraco-acromial arch of the left bone (Pl. VIII, Figs. 1, 2) ; the other of the base and posterior angle of the right one. The form of the restored scapula of Megalonyx is very much like that of Mylodon. The subscapular fossa presents a strongly folded appearance from the alternation of ridges and sloping surfaces. The ridges converge to the cervix, and the inter- * See ante, p.5; Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci., VI, 271, 279, Pl. xiv, Fig. 16; Med. and Phys. Obs., 321, 326. MEGALONYX. 25 vening surfaces form trilateral concayities, roughened in many places with reticu- lar risings, more especially near the base of the bone, for muscular attachment. The dorsum (Pl. VIII, Fig. 1), as in Mylodon, is nearly equally divided by the spine into two deeply concave fosse, which are, roughened with reticular ridges. The infra-spimatus fossa is strengthened below by a prominent ridge, commencing in a gradual manner at the base, about two inches from the posterior angle, and proceeding forward to form the anterior portion of the inferior costa of the scapula. At the cervix the fossa is impressed with a pair of broad, shallow, vascular channels, diverging into a number of branches at the root of the spine. In the course of two of the latter branches are large nutritious foramina. The supra-spinatus fossa at its lower part is more capacious than the correspond- ing portion of the infra-spinatus fossa, and at the side of the root of the coracoid process it is pierced by a nearly circular coracoid foramen, a little over an inch in diameter. From the latter, two feebly marked vascular channels proceed to the root of the spine, at which position one of them is continuous with a large nutri- tious foramen. The base of the scapula is antero-posteriorly convex, and forms a thickened boundary to that part of the bone. The specimen of the posterior angle of the left scapula, in Dr. Dickeson’s col- lection, presents an irregular cicatrix, in the course of which is a crooked foramen over an inch in length, indicating the former existence of a fracture of this por- tion of the bone during the life of the animal. This is another instance added to those previously given, proving the great liability of the giant sloths to accidents resulting in fracture of the bones. The spine commences in a broad, trilateral, roughened surface at the base of the bone, and gradually rises until it arches over the outlet of the supra-spinatus fossa to become confluent with the coracoid process. Its root appears very thick from the fact that the dorsum of the bone is elevated in a pyramidal manner to support it. The coraco-acromial arch (Pl. VIII, Fig. 2) is five inches long, and at its broadest part is about two inches wide; and it is elevated over two inches from the bottom of the supra-spinatus fossa. The glenoid articulation (Fig. 2) is three and three-quarter inches long, and a little less than two and a half wide; and it presents the same form as that in Dr. Owen’s specimen already described. The estimated length of the scapula, from the summit of the coracoid process to the posterior angle, is one foot and a half. The specimen of a young scapula, in the collection of the Academy of Natural Sciences, is interesting in relation to the mode of development of several of its parts. Itis of the left side, and with the exception of the coraco-acromial arch, and superior margin, and a large hole through the infra-spinatus fossa, is nearly perfect. (Pl. VIII, Fig. 3,4.) The coracoid process exists as a distinct bone, which is compressed cylindroid at its middle, and dilated towards the extremities. (Fig. 3, A.) The base of the coracoid bone is received into a deep angular notch (Fig. 3, A, B), between the coracoid foramen and an epiphysis (Fig. 3, c), which forms the anterior half of the glenoid articulation; and the other extremity presents a rough 4 26 MEGALONYX. pitted surface for junction with the acromion. The glenoid epiphysis (Fig. 3, c) just mentioned, is situated between the coracoid bone and the posterior portion of the glenoid articulation from which it is divided by a transverse tortuous fissure. The articular surface of the epiphysis is smooth, but that of the remainder of the glenoid cavity is pitted as if it had had a thin epiphysial plate attached. Clavicle.—The clavicles (Pl. VIII, Fig. 5), preserved in the collection of Dr. Owen, are simple, much compressed, cylindroid bones, with a single curvature. They present two broad surfaces; one slightly convex in its length, the other slightly concave. Of the two margins one is longitudinally convex and subacute, the other concave and obtuse. The sternal extremity is the more expanded; and it presents a broad, subcircular, convex, articular head. The acromial end is flattened oval, and is rough. The length of the clavicle is eight and three-quarter inches, and its breadth two and a quarter inches. The clavicle in Dr. Dickeson’s collection is rather smaller than those just described ; its length being half an inch less, and its breadth three-quarters of an inch less. Humerus.— (Pl. IX, Figs. 1, 2.) The two specimens of the humerus preserved in the collection of Dr. Owen, are spade-shaped bones; and have a straight, cylin- droid shaft with the distal extremity expanded into a broad trilateral plate. They are relatively much shorter than in the recent sloths, but are both absolutely and relatively longer than those of Mylodon robustus, and also are broader inferiorly. The upper two-thirds anteriorly of the diaphysis are occupied by a superficial trilateral tract (Fig. 1), the base of which is formed by the outer tuberosity. This tract is slightly concave longitudinally and for the greater part of its length is convex transversely; and its apex or lower end is bounded by prominent lateral margins. It is neither so long, nor so conspicuous and rough as in Mylodon. Pos- teriorly the upper two-thirds of the shaft are cylindroid, and present several low longitudinal ridges for muscular attachment (Fig. 2). The head of the bone (Figs. 2, 3) is demi-oval, with the long diameter directed antero-posteriorly, and measuring four inches, while the short diameter is three and a quarter inches. The tuberosities (Figs. 2, 3) are broad, thick, and strong, are nearly equal in size, and are placed upon each side of the shaft anteriorly. ‘Their bases are con- fluent in front, in which position they are separated by a shallow depression. The internal tuberosity is slightly smaller and lower than the other, but in a trifling degree projects more laterally. A shallow groove defines the tuberosities from the head of the bone, and in its course presents several large nutritious foramina. The cubito-brachial articulation resembles in form one-half of an hour-glass (Figs. 1, 2, 4), or it consists of a pair of convex condyles conjoined by an inter- vening concave surface, which latter, together with the inner condyle, belong to the ulnar articulation; but the outer condyle is rather larger and more prominent than the former. The internal condyloid process is very much more prominent than that of Mylodon ; and it is in the form of a thick pyramidal plate, with a tuberous apex, which projects more than three inches beyond the line of the inner condyle. Its lower margin is oblique, and is over four inches in length, and at the apex of the ee MEGALONYX. 27 process it expands into a large and rugged subcircular surface for muscular attach- ment. Its base is pierced with a large but short oval canal, which commences at its upper margin posteriorly, and proceeds obliquely to its anterior surface, and there terminates in a deep concave fossa. This canal is a peculiarity in the anatomy of the Megalonyx among bradypoid animals, as it does not exist in the recent sloths, nor in Mylodon, nor Megatherium. It is about two inches wide by one in height, and is formed by a bridge of bone over an inch wide, which is extended from the shaft near the end of the deltoid tract to the apex of the contiguous condyloid process. The outer condyloid process is a keel-like plate with a longitudinally convex margin, which is rough and becomes thickened inferiorly. Between this process and the boundary of the deltoid tract, the shaft of the bone presents a concave sur- face descending from its outer to its anterior side, constituting the musculo-spiral course, which does not appear so deep as in Mylodon, in consequence of the less degree of prominence of the deltoid tract. The surface anteriorly of the humerus between the condyloid processes is trans- versely slightly convex; but at the base of the inner condyloid process it presents a deep concave fossa, previously mentioned; and just above the radial condyle it is slightly and irregularly depressed. The posterior surface, between the condyloid processes, forms an extensive trilateral plane with the middle part slightly depressed, but above the ulnar trochlea, it presents a shallow concavity to accommodate the olecranon process. Inches. Length of humerus . : : F : F : , ; : z . 20 Breadth at tuberosities ; ; ‘ , , ; : : : ‘ OE Breadth at middle of shaft . ; ; ; : F ; : ; : Oe Breadth at condyloid processes . : : : - é ; é : . 103 Breadth of eubito-brachial articulation : 2 ; . : : ; Hin b} Circumference of shaft at middle 9 The adult specimen of a humerus, in the collection presented by Mr. J. P. Wetherill to the Academy of Natural Sciences, and ascribed by Dr. Harlan to his Megalonyx laqueatus,' without doubt belongs to the same species as the preceding. It is rather smaller than those above described, and the anterior surface between the condyloid processes is more convex. In it also the concavity above the ulnar trochlea posteriorly is deeper, and that above the radial condyle anteriorly, is more distinct. Its length is eighteen and a half inches. Bones of the Forearm.—(P1. IX, Fig. 5; X, Fig. 1.) The bones of the forearm of Megalonyx in the collection of Jefferson are nearly perfect. They are a third longer than those of Mylodon robustus, but are narrower. Radius.—(P\. IX, Fig. 5; X, Fig. 1.) The radius is a long, clavate bone, slightly bent forward; and it is longitudinally convex upon its dorsal aspect and outer margin, and concave upon the opposed surface and ulnar margin. The distal three- fourths of the shaft are about three times as broad as thick; and the upper fourth 1 Journ. Ac. Nat. Sci., 1830, VI, 272, Pl. 13, Fig. 10; Med. and Phys. Res., 321. Q8 MEGALONYX. appears as if its margins had been pressed towards each other anteriorly so as to form between them a concave gutter expanding below. The anterior surface of the bone generally is slightly concave transversely, and is a little roughened for muscular attachment. ‘The posterior surface presents an oblique ridge extending along the middle half, from which it slopes on each side to its margins. The outer margin is obtuse, and in the specimen under examination presents the appearance of having been gnawed by some rodent animal. The inner margin is thin at the middle, but expands below into a broad, trilateral, rugged surface, for ligamentous conjunction with the ulna; and at the upper part it is directed forward to the bicipital tuberosity, which is convex and almost two inches long. The head of the radius is oval; and it measures two inches and two-thirds antero-posteriorly, and two inches and a sixth transversely. Its brachial articular surface is a lenticular concavity with the border convex; and its ulnar facet is demi-circular in outline and transversely convex. . The carpal articulation (Pl. IX, Fig. 6) is a deep trilateral concavity which is open at the ulnar margin. It is three and a quarter inches broad, by two inches and a third internally. Its outer end is bounded by a strong styloid process; its anterior margin is acute; and posteriorly it is strengthened by means of a broad, convex, and rough tuberosity. Between the latter. and a ridge existing upon the back of the styloid process there is a broad groove to accommodate the extensor tendons; and a second and deeper groove exists between the posterior part of the styloid process and an oblique ridge ascending from the outer margin of the bone. Inches. Lines. Length of radius to the end of the styloid process 2 : . : Poe) Ga) Greatest breadth at the distal end . ‘ é : 2 é ; : AAS BT Breadth at the middle of the shaft ; : 3 2 ; : 2 CBSE ES The articular extremities of both radii contained in Dr. Owen’s collection, corre- spond pretty closely with the same parts of the specimen above described. The brachial articulation is rather more circular, and in a trifling degree deeper; and the ulnar articulation of the head is a little smaller. The bicipital tuberosity is stouter, but is directed less forward, so that the contiguous anterior surface of the bone appears less concave ; inferiorly, however, the continuation of the same sur- face is more concave transversely. The measurements of the fragments are as follows :— Inches. Lines. Antero-posterior diameter of the head 2 8 Transverse diameter of the head 2 2 Breadth of distal extremity Aus Breadth of carpal articulation ; : : : 5 Big Greatest antero-posterior diameter of the carpal articulation . Dae Ulna.—(Pl. IX, Fig. 5; X, Fig. 1.) The specimen of an ulna in the collection of Jefferson is a broad, compressed bone, which, like the radius, is slightly bent ante- riorly. Its dorsal aspect and inner margin are longitudinally convex, while the palmar aspect and radial margin in the same direction are concave. The dorsal and palmar surfaces of the shaft are slightly depressed, and are MEGALONYX. 29 roughened with reticular ridges for muscular attachment. The inner margin is thinner than the outer; and from its lower third it inclines backward, and along the upper part of its course is rough. The radial margin is obtuse, and at the middle it conjoins with a rough ridge ascending posteriorly from the distal end of the bone. Its lower extremity dilates into a demi-oyoid protuberance, which arti- culates with the.radius. The proximal extremity is not only the broader, but also the thicker part of the bone. Its anterior surface between the coronoid process and olecranon is deeply concave and roughened for muscular attachment. From the corresponding posterior surface there rises a pyramidal process, which supports a cordiform articular facet, about an inch in diameter, for the head of the radius. The olecranon is broad and thick, is curved antero-superiorly, and ends in a tuberous apex. Its posterior side is convex and rugged, and at the inner margin of the bone presents a broad, ovoidal surface for the insertion of the extensor cubiti muscle. The coronoid process rises from the radial margin of the bone; and anteriorly it forms a prominent convex tuberosity. At its base postero-inferiorly is a superficial rough process for the tendinous attachment of the brachialis muscle. The brachial articular surface (Pl. IX, Fig. 7) is two inches in width, and curves in a sigmoid manner from the summit of the coronoid process to the posterior side of the base of the olecranon. In the latter position it is transversely convex, but upon the coronoid process is slightly concave. Longitudinally, from its upper margin to the summit of the coronoid process, it is deeply concave. The radial articular surface is separated from it by a narrow irregular tract. The distal extremity of the bone partakes in the general compression, but is thicker and narrower than the middle of the shaft. Its outer margin presents an ovoid tuberosity for articulating with the radius. The inner margin presents a long, trilateral, convex surface, roughened at its lower part for attachment of the internal lateral ligament of the wrist. The carpal articular surface (Pl. IX, Fig. 6) rests upon a short cylindroid pro- cess which forms a protuberance anteriorly, corresponding to the technical styloid process. ‘The articular surface inferiorly is an antero-posterior ellipsoidal concavity, prolonged nearly at a right angle upon the antero-internal side of the styloid process. Inches. Length of ulna from olecranon to styloid process . : ‘ : : : Ae) Greatest breadth from the summit of the coronoid process. : z A Pek i Greatest breadth of distal extremity . : ; : ; : : ; 5 sR Breadth at middle of shaft. ‘ : : 3 ‘ ; : - : te iss The fragments of the ulna in Dr. Owen’s collection are rather larger than the corresponding portions of the bone above described. The brachial articulation is confluent with that for the radius, and the two posteriorly form a continuous acute border. Between the radial articular surface and the base of the coronoid process, the bone forms an irregular concave fossa, prolonged below to the radial margin. The corresponding position in the ulna of the Jefferson collection forms a plane above, and becomes convex in its descent. The coronoid process is less thick and prominent anteriorly than in the specimen 30) MEGALONYX just referred to, and the oblique margin of the olecranon above the brachial articu- lation is narrower. The distal end is narrower and thicker than in the specimen of the Jefferson collection, so that its styloid process appears less prominent ante- riorly. Measurements derived from the fragments of the ulna are as follows :— Inches. Lines. Greatest breadth of the ulna from the summit of the coronoid process . Oe Greatest breadth of distal extremity . : é c : ‘ - at 2 10 Breadth at middle of shaft . : : : ; 4 ; : : WES 4 Carpus.—As in Mylodon, the carpus of Megalonyx is composed of seven bones placed in two rows, the odd bone, which is the homologue of the scaphoides and trapezium being common to both genera. Of the seven bones, specimens of all are preserved in the collections of Drs. Owen and Dickeson except one: the trapezoides. Dr. Owen’s collection contains the scapho-trapezium of both sides, a lunar, and a pisiform bone. Dr. Dickeson’s collection contains a lunar, a cuneiform, and a pisiform bone, and an os magnum. Os Scapho-trapezium.—(P1. VIII, Figs. 6, 7,8, A.) The scapho-trapezial bone is the largest of the carpus, and is irregularly pyramidal with the apex, formed by the trapezial portion, curved forward. The proximal articulation (Figs. 6, 8,4) for the radius is one uniform convexity, with an irregularly crescentic outline, extending the whole breadth of the bone. The distal surface (Fig. 7, A) is divided into three nearly equal portions; one on the outer side (c), an oblong convex articulation for the metacarpal of the thumb; another towards the dorsum (d), deeply concave, for junction with the trapezoides ; and the third is an irregular surface for ligamentous attachment. The ulnar side of the bone presents a reniform, articular surface, for the lunare, and. below this a rough, interarticular surface continuous with a deep gutter passing to the distal side, and separating two articular facets for the magnum (Fig. 7, e, /); that anterior being circular, that posterior, quadrilateral. The dorsal surface is inconspicuous, but the palmar surface (Fig. 6, A), is large and concave. Os Lunare.—(P1. VIII, Figs. 6, 7,8, B; 9,11, A.) The lunare is a wedge-shaped bone almost a third smaller than the scapho-trapezium. Its proximal and distal articular surfaces are separated by an irregular interarticular tract perforated by vascular canals. The proximal articulation (Fig: 8, B; 11, A) is a broad, antero-posterior con- vexity for conjunction with the radius, and is continuous on its outer side, at an acute angle with a reniform articular surface corresponding to that of the scapho- trapezial bone. Distally, the lunare presents a narrow antero-posterior concavity (Fig. 7, Bg), for junction with the magnum; and it is continuous on the ulnar side nearly at a right angle with a larger concave articular facet for the cuneiforme (A). As in the preceding bone, the palmar (Fig. 6, 6) is more extensive than the dorsal surface. MEGALONYX. 31 The specimen of a lunar bone in the Dickeson collection besides being smaller, is relatively narrower transversely, and its distal articulation forms a plane instead of being concave, and inclines towards the radial side, except at the seine where it is partially bent to the opposite side. Os Cuneiforme.—(Pl. VIII, Figs. 9, 11, 6.) The cuneiform bone is irregularly pyramidal, and second in size in ‘lie carpus. The specimen is broken at its dorsal surface, but this appears to have been as extensive as the palmar surface, which is large, irregular, and perforated. (Fig. 9; B.) The proximal surface of the bone exhibits a broad transverse convexity (Fig. 9, B,e; Fig. 11, B, c), for articulation with the ulna, narrowing antero-posteriorly towards the inner extremity, which is bent forward to articulate with the pisiforme. (Big. 9; f 3: 11,.¢.) The distal surface presents a broad, transverse, sigmoid concavity for conjunction with the unciforme, and at its inner extremity is bent backwards to join the meta- carpal of the little finger. Os Pisiforme.—(P1. VIII, Fig. 14.) The pisiforme is an irregular, oblong, lenti- cular bone, with an obtuse margin. Its dorsal surface is a little convex and rough for tendinous attachment. The palmar surface is concave superiorly ; and forms a prominent ovoidal tuberosity below. The antero-external margin presents a single, elliptical, articular surface (Fig. 14, a), bent near its middle; the lower portion being intended to join the cuneiforme, the other portion to join the ulna. The specimen in the collection of Dr. Dickeson, is a fifth smaller than that described, and it has its articular surface more bent at the middle. Os Magnum.—(Pl. VII, Figs. 10,12, 13,4.) The os magnum, in this instance indicating the impropriety of many names in anatomy, is the smallest bone of the carpus. It is irregularly wedge-shaped, and is situated between the scapho-trapezial, lunar, trapezoid, unciform, and median metacarpal bones, with all of which it arti- culates. Proximally it presents an oblique plane (Figs. 10, 12, @), for articulation with the lunar bone; and continuous with this facet on the inner side is one for the unciform bone. On the outer side it presents at the dorsal border a tripartite articular facet, separated by a deep interarticular groove from an oval facet at the palmar border. The tripartite facet articulates with the scapho-trapezial, the trapezoid, and median metacarpal bones; and the oval facet (Figs. 10, 12, ¢) articulates with the trapezial portion of the scapho-trapezium. The distal surface presents two articular facets ; an inner one (Fig. 13, d), extend- ing from the dorsal to the palmar borders, and an outer one (Fig. 13, ¢), constitut- ing a portion of the tripartite facet above mentioned, and separated from the other by an interarticular tract. The two distal articular facets join the median meta- carpal bone, but the corresponding surface on a specimen of the latter (Pl. X, Fig. 13), belonging to a different skeleton, is undivided, that is to say, there is no inter- articular tract separating the smaller from the larger articular facet. The dorsal and palmar surfaces, of which the latter (Pl. VII, Fig. 10) is the larger, are irregular and perforated for ligamentous attachment. 39 MEGALONYX. Os Unciforme.—(Pl. VIII, Figs. 10, 12, 13, B.) The cinditonin bone is irregu- larly pentahedral, and is the third im size of the carpus. Proximally it presents a large, transverse, oblong square, sigmoid facet (Figs. 10, 12, e), for articulation with the cuneiform bone, and this is continuous on the outer side with another and smaller facet for the os magnum. ‘The distal articular sur- face (Fig. 13, B) is tripartite, and irregularly trapezoidal in outline, and it joins the median metacarpal (e), the annular metacarpal f), and the auricular metacarpal (g) bones. The dorsal and palmar (Fig. 10, B) sninthean are large, the former contributing. more to the back surface of the wrist than in any of the other carpal bones. Of the Carpal Bones in Conjunction—The proximal surface of the carpus of Megalonyx, as formed by the scaphoid, lunar, and cuneiform bones, presents a broad convexity interrupted between the two latter bones (Pl. VIII, Figs. 9,11) by a deep gutter with irregular and perforated sides, which corresponds to the mterval between the radius and ulna. The dorsal surface of the carpus is convex, and is most contributed to by the cuneiform, unciform, and pisiform bones. The palmar surface is concave, and is much deepened by the position of the pisiform bone. In the radio-ulno-carpal articulation the same synovial sac appears to have existed between the radius and scapho-trapezium and lunare, and between the latter two bones, and a second sac appears to have been situated between the ulna, cuneiform, and pisiform bones. Between the two rows of carpal bones the synovial sac appears to have been continuous and to have extended downwards between the bones of the lower row, to be reflected throughout the carpo-metacarpal articulation. Metacarpals.—Of metacarpal bones the collection of Dr. Owen contains the left index, both median, and the right annular; that of Jefferson the left index, median, and auricular; that of Col. Wailes, the left annular and SHULOE IE and that of Dr. Dickeson the right index. Of the metacarpals from that of the index finger to the last finger, the annular is the longest and the index the shortest; and the auricular, which is second in length, is the narrowest, whilst the median is the most robust. The index metacarpal bone (Pl. X, Figs. 15, 16, 17), of Dr. Owen’s collection, has an irregular cylindroid shaft, which, from the enlargement of the extremities, is longitudinally concave. The proximal extremity (Fig. 16), is trilaterally prismoid, with the apex palmar and tuberous, the inner angle prolonged, and the base notched. Upon its carpal aspect it presents a nearly vertical, trilateral, sigmoid surface for articulating with the trapezoides. Its inner side exhibits a fan-shaped, concave facet (Fig. 15), con- tinuous at an acute angle with the carpal articular surface, for junction with the median metacarpal; and its outer side (Fig. 17) presents another facet, also con- tinuous with the carpal surface, demi-pyriform in outline and slightly convex, for articulating with the metacarpal of the thumb. The distal extremity (Fig. 15) is composed of a long, vertical, ellipsoidal, arti- cular process, with a vertical convex offset upon each side, for junction with the first phalanx. The outer articular offset is the larger, and above it there exists a strong ridge mounting to the summit of the articular -process for ligamentous attachment. MEGALONYX. 33 On each side of the distal extremity a tuberosity exists for the attachment of the lateral ligaments. Inches. Length f : : : : ; : : ; : : : ‘ as Circumference of shaft : ; , , : ; : ; , : “sls Se Depth of proximal extremity , ; ; ; : ; : ; ; of Bale Depth of distal extremity . ; ; : : ‘ . : ; ‘ se Cuvier was misled by comparison of the index metacarpal of the Megalonyx with the metacarpals of neighboring genera of animals, to consider it as that of the annular finger,’ although its exact adaptation to the radial side of the median metacarpal had previously led him to indicate its true position.” The specimen of an index metacarpal, in the collection of Jefferson, is shorter and relatively more robust than that described ; and the articular facets of its proximal extremity differ a little inform. The surface for the trapezoides is more depressed, and its outer angle more prolonged. The facet for the median metacarpal is more concave; and that for the metacarpal of the thumb is narrower, more regularly demi-pyriform, and is slightly depressed. Tnches. Length. 3 : - : : : : : : gets : jan Gre Circumference of shaft ; é : : ; ¢ : ‘ j ; SP SE Depth of proximal extremity : : : : : ‘ 7 ‘ E swe Depth of distal extremity . : : : ; : : 5 , : Tee The index metacarpal, in Dr. Dickeson’s collection, is almost equal in size to that first described, but its shaft is more cylindroid. The carpal articular facet is inter- mediate in the depth of its concavity to that of the above two specimens, and its outer angle is more prolonged than in either. The contiguous metacarpal facets have almost the same outline, but are nearly planes. Inches. Length : : : , : ; 3 5 5 : . - : -. oF Circumference of shaft : 4 : : : ; : : : : eS? ale Depth of proximal extremity ; : , : : : : : : ale Depth of distal extremity . F ; ‘ 2 : : E : : Se The diaphysis of the median metacarpals (Pl. X, Fig. 2, 6, 13, 14), of Dr. Owen’s collection, is quadrilateral. The dorsal side (Fig. 6) is broadest, and the palmar and inner sides, which are nearly equal, are narrowest. Antero-posteriorly the sur- faces are more or less concave, that on the palmar aspect being most so. The inner side, just in advance of its middle is crossed by a tuberous ridge, which also extends to the distal articulation. The proximal extremity (Fig. 13) is pyramidal, with the apex, which is down- ward, obliquely truncated, the base deeply excavated, and the outer side deeply grooved. The carpal articulation is trilobed, with the odd lobe downward. Vertically, 1 Ossemens Fossiles, VIII, 320. (4th Ed.) 2 Annales du Mus. d’Hist. Nat., V, 367. 34 MEGALONYX. in the middle it is convex, but between the dorsal pair of lobes is concave. The lower lobe and portions of both the upper articulate with the os magnum. The remaining but large portion of the inner lobe is bent forward and articulates with the unciforme, whilst the remainder of the outer lobe articulates with the trapezoides. From the articulation for the unciforme, a large surface (Fig. 14) extends to nearly the middle of the inner side of the diaphysis, for junction with the annular meta- carpal; and from the articulation of the trapezoides, a convex, trilateral surface (Fig. 2) extends upon the outer side, for junction with the index metacarpal. The distal extremity (Figs. 2, 6) of the bone is constructed after the same plan as that of the index metacarpal, but the inner offset of the articulation is reduced to a short tuberosity, which is continuous above with the ridge for ligamentous attachment. ; Inches. Length obliquely : : : é : : . . : : 5 ogee: Breadth of shaft dorsally . , : : : : : : t : ne ee Depth of shaft at middle . A ; c . : : ; : , se Depth of proximal extremity : : : ‘ : : : : : oon oe Depth of distal extremity . : : : : ; ; 2 ; : shee The median metacarpal bone, in the collection of Jefferson, is shorter than that just described, and nearly resembles it in detail, except that its distal articular pro- cess possesses a well developed offset upon the inner side. Inches. Length obliquely : ; 0 c : : : 3 . : E . 4 Breadth of shaft dorsally . : : 6 : : : y : ; Boodle Depth of shaft at middle. : : c ; 0 : 3 : Sint what loos Depth of proximal extremity 6 : ie Wes : : é ; : seek Depth of distal extremity . d : s : : : 3 C c ea The annular metacarpal bone (PI. X, Figs. 6, 11), of Dr. Owen’s collection, the longest of the series, has a cylindroid shaft with a superficial, acute, dorsal ridge. The proximal extremity (Fig. 11) is bevelled off on each side, and in outline is irregularly pyramidal with the apex protuberant and downward, and the base ele- vated into a curved ridge. Its articular facets, which are continuous, consist of a reniform surface for the auricular metacarpal, and a vertical sigmoid surface, directed inwardly, for junction with the unciforme and the median metacarpal. The distal extremity forms a long, vertical, elliptical, articular process with an offset at its outer inferior part, and a prominent marginal ridge ascending from the latter, and descending almost two-thirds the length of its inner side. Inches. Length obliquely ‘ : : ; , ; : 5 5 3 3 0 Circumference of shaft : : : : : : 0 , ao ee eos Depth of proximal extremity 6 : : ‘ : : : : 5 2 3QE Depth of distal extremity . : : Z i 3 ; : : } ay The annular metacarpal, in Col. Wailes’ collection, is somewhat mutilated, but it appears to have corresponded pretty closely with that above described. MEGALONYX. 35 The auricular metacarpal bone (Pl. X, Figs. 18, 19), in the collection of Jeffer- son, has a cylindrical shaft, which expands most posteriorly. The proximal end is irregularly pyramidal with the base outward, and with the apex tuberous. The outer side (Fig. 19) presents a slightly concave reniform facet for junction with the annular metacarpal, and the inner side is marked by a con- spicuous discoidal surface of attachment for the internal carpo-metacarpal ligament. The carpal aspect presents a reniform, bent, articular surface bounded above by a thick rough ridge. The upper portion of this surface is for junction with the unci- forme, and that below and internally is for the cuneiforme. The distal end is formed by a vertically oblong process with an anterior, con- vex, articular facet, bounded by a thick, obtuse ridge (Fig. 19). Inches. Length obliquely : : , ; : ; : : : - : . 43 Circumference of shaft at middle . : : : : : 3 : Jens Depth of proximalend -. : : : : : : . : : - 1} . Depth of distalend . c : - ‘ - : : : ; : . . 1% The auricular metacarpal bone of the Megalonyx, Cuvier at first mistook for the annular metacarpal,‘ and was subsequently misled to view it as belonging to the index finger.” These mistakes probably arose from the examination only of a cast of the bone, in which the discoidal surface for the attachment of the internal carpo- metacarpal ligament could not well be distinguished from an articular facet. The auricular metacarpal in the collection of Col. Wailes is broken, but when perfect, it appears to have been exactly like that above described. Phalanges.—Of first phalanges, the collection of Dr. Owen contains an index, both median, and one annular; that of Jefferson, a median; that of Col. Wailes, the index, median, and annular of the left hand; and that of Dr. Dickeson, an index and a median. The first phalanges (Pl. X, Figs. 38, 7) are deeper than they are long, and are curved pyramidal, with a rounded apex above and a transversely concave base below. The proximal or metacarpal articulation is a deep, vertical concavity, extending from top to bottom of the bone, with an offset on each side inferiorly in the median phalanx, but on one side only in the annular and index phalanges. The distal articulation consists of a trochlea, composed of two vertical, conjoined convexities projecting from the anterior aspect of the bone, bounded above and below by a concave surface, to increase the exfent of flexion and extension of the second phalanges. Of the three first phalanges indicated, the median is the largest, whilst the other two are nearly equal in size. 1 Annales du Mus. d’Hist. Nat., V, 369. 2 Ossemens Fossiles, VIII, 302. (2d Ed.) 36 MEGALONYX. COLLECTION. Owen’s. JErFuRson’s. WArLES’. Dickuson’s. Lines. Lines. Lines. Lines. Depth of index first phalanx (middle). : 5 BS 23 23 Length of index first phalanx (side) : : a tt) 16 16 Breadth of index first phalanx (base) : > Gl 18 17 Depth of median first phalanx (middle) . ; 5 26 26 28 Length of median first phalanx (side) . i . 20 15 17 16 Breadth of median first phalanx (base) . : . 26 23 21 21 Depth of annular first phalanx (middle) . : . 24 25 Length of annular first phalanx (side) . : . 18 ' 16 Breadth of annular first phalanx (base) . : 5 UG 18 OF second phalanges, the collection of Dr. Owen contains those of the index, median, and annular fingers of one side; the colleetion of Col. Wailes contains the same three bones; that of Jefferson the index and DEE phalanges; and that of Dr. Dickeson, an iannaler phalanx. The annular phalanx is the longest of the three mentioned, but the mediam (PI. X, Figs. 4, 8) is the most robust, and is the second in length, while the index is, relatively to its length, more robust than the annular. The shaft of the second phalanges (Figs. 4, 8) is demi-cylindroid, being flattened below; and it is longitudinally concave above, but is most so below, from the expansion in the same direction of the extremities. The proximal phalangial articulation consists of two vertical concavities, sepa- rated by a median ridge terminating in tubercular extremities. The distal phalangial articulation is formed of two convex condyles united in the form of a trochlea. The groove of the latter is bounded above and below by a fossa, to accommodate the last phalanges in their movements. The exterior sides of the condyles are depressed, and are bounded postero-superiorly by an oblique ridge for the attachment of lateral ligaments. COLLECTION. OweEn’s. JEFFERSON’s. WaAILES’. DicKESON’s. Lines. Lines. Lines. Lines. ca Length of index second phalanx (side) . 28 27 29 Depth (proximally) of index second phalanx (Gas) - 25 24 22, Depth (distally) of index second phalanx (side) . 15 17 16 Length of median second phalanx (side) . : 30 33 Depth (proximally) of median second phalanx (aie) 24, 23 Depth (distally) of median second phalanx (side) . 19 20 Length of annular second phalanx (side) . 5 32 32 37 39 Depth (proximally) of annular second phalanx (side) 21 22 21 20 Depth (distally) of annular second phalanx (side) . 184 174 17 19 Of the last or claw phalanges, the collection of Dr. Owen contains those of all the fingers except the thumb; that of Col. Wailes, those of the middle three fingers; that of Jefferson, those of the thumb, median, and annular fingers; the specimen from the cabinet of the New York Lyceum of Natural History, is of the median finger; and the collection of Dr. Dickeson contains an index and a median ungual phalanx. MEGALONYX. 37 The ungual phalanges (Pl. X, Figs. 5, 9, 10, 20) consist of a curved, laterally compressed, claw-process, enveloped at the posterior half or two-thirds with a bony sheath rising from an. oblong tuberosity on the under border of the claw-process. The articulation of the last phalanx consists of two vertical concavities separated by an intervening ridge ; and its upper part projects a considerable distance posterior to the lower, or, in other words, overhangs it. The claw-process at its upper margin, first obtuse, after a short distance in advance of the sheath, becomes acute. Its sides are nearly vertical; and they pre- sent beneath the sheath an arborescent vascular channel, which proceeds from an oval foramen piercing each side of the tuberosity from whence springs the sheath. Towards the end of the claw-process its surface becomes more and more perforated ; and it presents numerous fine, reticular, vascular channels, for accommodating the nutritious vessels of the nail. The sheath for the reception of the root of the nail is attached around the mar- gin of the articulation, and to the sides of the tuberosity on the under part of the claw-process. Its outer surface is roughened and is perforated for the passage of vessels. The tuberosity for the attachment of the sheath, is most prominent near its middle, posteriorly is perforated by the two, large, oval foramina above mentioned, and anteriorly is impressed on each side with a broad surface for attachment of the flexor tendons. From the anterior part of the tuberosity, an abutment springs forth to support the claw process. ' Of the ungual phalanges, that of the median finger (Figs. 5, 9, 10) is the longest and largest, those of the index and annular fingers are next, and are nearly equal in size, and that of the auricular finger is the smallest. What I have taken for the last phalanx of the auricular finger may, however, belong to the hind foot, a fact which I have no certain means of ascertaining. COLLECTION. JEFFERSON’S. OwEn’s. Dickeson’s. WAILES’. Inches. Inches. Inches. Inches. Length of first ungual phalanx. : , . 384 Greatest depth of first ungual phalanx . . 12 Length of second ungual phalanx . : : ‘ 6 6 63 Depth of second ungual phalanx . , ‘ : 24 24 24 . Length of median ungual phalanx . T 7 7 T Depth of median ungual phalanx 3 3} 3 3 Length of fourth ungual phalanx . 6 53 6 Depth of fourth ungual phalanx : . 24 24 2} Length of fifth ungual phalanx =. : : : 24 Depth of fifth ungual phalanx : : : : 13 Femur.—(Pl, XI, Figs. 1, 2,3.) The thigh bones of Megalonyx, preserved in the collection of Dr. Owen, in form are more like those of the Ai than of Mylodon, but they are relatively very much shorter than in the former animal, and more antero- posteriorly compressed and broader. The front of the shaft (Fig. 1) is nearly flat, being slightly concave in the length and slightly convex transversely. Its upper half is marked by two vertical ridges 38 MEGALONYX. for muscular attachment. The back of the shaft (Fig. 2) is more convex, and is especially prominent at the middle. The inner margin is longitudinally concave and obtuse; and about three inches below the head of the bone it forms an oblong and very rugged tuberosity corresponding to the trochanter minor. The outer margin is nearly straight, and is thin and subacute, except at the extremities and at the middle, in which last position it forms a thick, oblong tuberosity. Its upper end constitutes a huge trochanter major, the antero-external surface of which is convex and rugged, and its posterior surface is excavated into a deep pit. The head of the bone is hemispherical and sessile, but comparatively is more prominent than in the Ai. The trochlea (Figs. 1, 3) for the patella is a trans- versely oblong quadrilateral surface, which is concave from side to side and convex downward. It inclines slightly outwardly, and measures four inches in breadth, by nearly two in depth. The condyles (Figs. 2, 3) are separated by a wide notch expanding above pos- teriorly, and to the margin of the trochlea inferiorly. They are directed down- ward and backward; and that external is isolated from the trochlea, while that internal is connected with it only by a narrow isthmus-like prolongation. The articular surface of the outer condyle is pentahedral, is nearly straight transversely, and is convex from before backward; and it inclines towards the other. The internal condyle resembles the segment of a sphere prolonged anteriorly to join the trochlea for the patella. The external condyloid process is formed by the expan- sion of the outer margin of the shaft into a strong tuberosity, the lower face of which is broad and irregular for the attachment of the corresponding lateral liga- ment. The internal condyloid process is a stout tuberosity placed above the con- dyle antero-internally and terminating in a broad surface of attachment for the internal lateral ligament. Inches. Length of the femur . : : : : é . 218 Breadth obliquely from the ead te eeohamtis: major. : ; : : 5 LO) Breadth at middle of shaft . : : ; : : ; : : 3 2a) eat Breadth at condyloid processes . : eG 6 : : 5 Al) Breadth at articular surfaces of the woman : : ; : : ; songs The specimen of a right femur, in the collection of Col. Wailes, has the same form and proportions as those above described, but is smaller. Inches. Length . : oe : : : 2 Se jon d . 204 Breadth at middle of shaft ‘ 5 Shes bia ies : f : , ¥anG Tibia.—(Pl. XI, Fig. 4; Pl. XII, Figs. 1, 2, 3,4.) The tibie in Dr. Owen's collection are quite perfect. They are relatively very much shorter than those of recent sloths, but are of greater relative length than those of Ih Gledore to which they bear considerable resemblance of form. The shaft is prismoid, and rapidly expands towards its extremities. The antero- internal face (Pl. XII, Fig. 1) forms a nearly vertical. plane, about three inches MEGALONYX. 39 wide at the middle, and expanded above and below. The outer and posterior sur- faces (Pl. XH, Figs. 2, 3) are longitudinally concave, but transversely are convex. The head of the bone (Pl. XI, Fig. 4) presents the two femoral articular surfaces separated by an uneven tract expanding anteriorly upon a broad, perforated convex surface partially forming the upper part of the tuberosity for the ligament of the patella. The inner articular surface is an oblique, irregularly oval concavity rising at its anterior extremity into an angle of about 45°, and measuring in its long diameter four inches, and in its short diameter three inches. The outer articular surface is a trilaterally oval, inclined plane, three and a quarter inches broad and three inches antero-posteriorly; and it is continuous posteriorly with a nearly vertical convex, oval facet for conjunction with a sesamoid bone. The tuberosity for the insertion of the ligament of the patella is a prominent convexity surmounting the acute outer margin of the bone, and forming the termi- nation of a gradually expanding crest, which proceeds along the upper border of the antero-internal face. The portion of the tibia which abet the articular surface for the outer condyle of the femur, rises in the form of a strong abutment from its posterior surface. It also supports the superior fibular articular surface, which is an ellip- tical plane two and a half inches long a one and a third wide, directed down- ward and outward. The distal end of the tibia is narrower than the proximal end. The articular surface for the astragalus (Pl. XII, Fig. 4, 6) is a transversely, oblong quadrilateral concavity, measuring three and a half inches wide and two and three quarters antero-posteriorly. At the middle anteriorly it is bounded by a short pyramidal process which fits into a corresponding fossa of the astragalus; and externally it is continuous at an obtuse angle with a trilateral plane for articulation with the fibula. (Fig. 4, a.) The inner malleolus is a prominently convex tuberosity terminating the outer border of the bone, and supporting posteriorly a conspicuous trochlear process, the groove of which is directed downward and forward. Inches. Length of the tibia at its antero-external surface . , : Aral Greatest length, which is from the contiguous margins of ae fame al Betenlian sur- faces to the trochlear process of the malleolus. : : p : ; Fae tts) Greatest breadth of head. ; : ; , ; ‘ ‘ Soe Antero-posterior diameter at middle of thie head : - 2 : t ‘ st BS Greatest breadth of tarsal end . : : : : : : ‘ : . 64 Antero-posterior diameter . . A : : : : é : : im OS Putella.—(P1. XI, Figs. 5, 6.) The patella of Megalonyx, in Dr. Owen’s collec- tion, present nearly the same form as in Mylodon ; being trilateral with rounded angles, the base upward and the apex downward. The base is thick, rough, and perforated. The apex is tongue-like in form, and curved inwardly; and it measures two inches and a half in length from the femo- ral articular surface. The latter (Fig. 6) is transversely elliptical and convex, and ii =. MEGALONYX. measures four and a half inches transversely by two in depth at the middle. The outer surface (Fig. 5) of the bone is slightly convex and roughened with longitu- dinal ridges. Tuches. Length of the patella : : 3 Z : 2 j : ; 5 a wD Breadth of its base. ; : : 5 : : : : : : ee Tarsus.—Of the tarsal bones Dr. Owen’s collection contains the astragalus and calcaneum of both sides, and the left scaphoid, and the right cuboid and external cuneiform bones. Astragalus.—(Pl. XII, Figs. 7, 8, 9, 10.) The astragalus of Megalonyx bears much more resemblance to that of the recent sloths than of any other of the extinct ones. It may be described as consisting of two portions, one of which is quadrate and articulates with the bones of the leg, while the other is an ovoidal apophysis projecting antero-internally as in the Ai, and Unau, but relatively to a much less degree. The quadrate portion of the astragalus its whole extent superiorly supports the tibial articular surface (Fig. 7), which antero-posteriorly is convex and transversely — nearly a plane; and it measures four inches and three-quarters in the curve and three inches and a quarter in breadth. The anterior border presents a deep angu- lar emargination verging upon a concave fossa, which accommodates a corresponding process of the tibia. The posterior border is narrow, and forms also the limit of the inferior. surface of the bone. The outer side is a demi-crescentic, vertical, slightly convex, articular surface (Fig. 10, a) for the fibula. This surface is con- tinuous at right angles with that for the tibia; and it measures three and a half inches antero-posteriorly and two inches at its deepest part, which is anteriorly. The inner side of the astragalus presents an uneven surface for ligamentous attach- ment. The under side of the quadrate portion supports the larger caleanean articular facet (Fig. 8), which is trilateral, slightly concave transversely, convex antero-posteriorly and internally, and nearly a plane in the same direction externally. The ovoidal apophysis forms anteriorly a deep, concave, articular surface (Fig. 9), which extends upon the wide convex border beneath, for conjunction with the scaphoid bone. The outer and broader continuation of the convex border of the apophysis articulates with the cuboid bone (Fig. 10, 6); and the under side of the apophysis presents a quadrilateral surface (Fig. 8), which is nearly a plane, for articulation with the calcaneum. The two calcanean articular surfaces are separated by a deep interarticular gutter (Fig. 8), expanding on the inner and outer sides of the astragalus. The posterior surface is about three times the area of the other, and it measures about: three inches transversely by two antero-posteriorly where broadest. 2 Inches. Greatest antero-posterior diameter of astragalus . : : : é i ee Greatest transverse diameter ; : : ; : : 3 é 4 oe Greatest depth externally . ; . : 0 , : ; ; ; an, | Se MEGALONYX. 41 The specimen of an astragalus described and referred by. Professor Owen to the Megalonyx Jeffersonii,’ most probably also belongs to the Gnathopsis Owent, indicated on page 14 of this monograph. Os Calcis.—(Pl. XII, Figs. 5, 6.) The caleaneum is remarkable for its extraor- dinary expansion, which gives to the bone very much the appearance of an os ilium of some smaller animal. Its articular extremity is formed by an abrupt widening and decrease in depth of the anterior part, where it supports three facets (Fig. 6), separated by a trifurcate groove. The largest facet is supero-internal and trilate- rally ovoidal (a), and articulates with the astragalus. Of the other two facets, which are nearly equal in size and irregularly ovoidal, that inferiorly (4) articulates with the astragalus, and that externally (c) with the cuboid bone. Posterior to the articular extremity, the calcaneum (Fig. 5) forms a large plate nine inches in depth, and only a fourth of an inch in thickness towards the centre. Its posterior margin is thick, strong, rugged, and convex, and measures fifteen inches in its curvature. The extremities of this margin form convex tuberosities, of which that inferiorly is much the larger. Above the inferior one, externally, is a third tuberosity, which is strong and prominent. The outer surface of the caleaneum is concave antero-posteriorly, but in the vertical direction is convex below and concave above. The inner surface is concave both antero-posteriorly and vertically. The superior margin of the calcaneum is acute, and curves forward and out- ward, to terminate above the cuboid articulation in an obtuse prominence. The inferior margin is thick and convex; expands forward; and antero-posteriorly forms a deep concavity. The greatest antero-posterior diameter of the calcaneum is nine and three quarter inches. Os Cuboides.—(P1. XIII, Figs. 4, 5,6.) The cuboid bone is irregularly cuboidal, and it presents large, quadrilateral dorsal (Fig. 4), and plantar surfaces for liga- mentous attachment. Posteriorly it has a convex facet for articulating with the os calcis, and anteriorly it is perforated and roughened for ligamentous attach- ment. Internally a large concave facet (Fig. 6) exists for articulation with the astragalus, continuous with a second facet upon the antero-external margin of the bone, for articulating with the scaphoides. By the prolongation of this articular surface upon the supero-external angle anteriorly, a third facet is formed to join the cuneiforme externum. Externally the cuboides presents a large, trilateral, slightly convex surface (Fig. 5), the half of which posteriorly articulates with the fifth metatarsal bone, the remaining portion with the fourth. Inches. Greatest antero-posterior diameter of the euboid bone : : : : aed | Greatest transverse diameter 2 91 Greatest height tol Os Scaphoides—(Pl. XII, Figs. 7, 8.) . The scaphoid bone is a thick quadri- lateral plate with convex margins. Its posterior surface (Fig. 7) is occupied with 1 Zool. Voy. Beagle, Pt. I, 94, 98, 99; Mem. on the Mylodon, 133, Pl. xviii, Figs. 5 and 6. 6 49 MEGALONYX the articulation for the apophysis of the astragalus, and is formed by a broad conical prominence bounded below by a deep, crescentic concavity. The anterior surface (Fig. 8) presents a pair of vertically oblong, articular facets, separated by a shallow gutter, of which the outer one joins the external cuneiform bone, the inner the contiguous cuneiform bone. Inches Greatest vertical diameter of scaphoid bone : : : setae? 6) ey Greatest transverse diameter : ‘ eee Greatest antero-posterior diameter, on the onmmn of the mea cone spoviestenly 13 Os Cuneiforme Hxternum.—(Pl. XIII, Figs. 1, 2,3.) The external cuneiform bone is the smallest of those of the tarsus which have been described. It is irregularly, flattened pyriform, with its dorsal extremity (Fig. 1) thickest and broadest. Posteriorly (Fig. 5), it presents a vertical, concave facet, extending the depth and breadth of the bone, to articulate with the scaphoides, and this facet is joined at an obtuse angle supero-externally by a small one for the cuboides. Ante- riorly (Fig. 2), the external cuneiform bone is occupied by a vertical, convex facet, constricted at the middle and broadest above, for articulation with the third meta- tarsal bone. Inches. Greatest depth of external cuneiform bone . : : : : i é as Greatest breadth 2 Greatest antero-posterior diz sania metal ee Metatarsus.—Of metatarsal bones, there are in the collection of Dr. Owen, a second of one side, and the fourth and fifth of both sides. Of the three bones indicated, the second is the shortest and the fifth the longest. The second metatarsal bone (Pl. XIII, Figs. 9, 10, 11) has a trilateral diaphysis with the dorsal surface broadest and most deeply concave antero-posteriorly. The proximal extremity (Fig. 11) is triangular, the angles being tuberous and prominent. The tarsal articulation is concave, but which bone it especially joins I have not the materials to ascertain. The inner angle internally is furnished with an oblique, oval, slightly concave facet (Fig. 9), for articulation with the first meta- tarsal, and the outer angle externally presents a circular, nearly plane surface (Fig. 10), for junction with the third metatarsal. The distal extremity (Fig. 9) of the bone is constructed after the pattern of that of the metacarpals, consisting of a long, vertical, ellipsoidal, articulating process, with a short vertical offset upon each side. ‘ Inches. Length of second metatarsal bone ; ‘ : . 6 : ' : . Bb Breadth of the diaphysis . ‘ Be le Depth of the proximal end, from the ‘niaitop ancl to the middle of the ime of the triangle A ; ‘ : : : ; é ; : : sh 22 Depth of the distal articulation . : ; : ; : : j ; OE The fourth metatarsal bone. (Pl. XIII, Figs. 12, 18, 14, 14*) has a cylindroid MEGALONYX. 43 shaft, deeply concave antero-posteriorly above and below, but most so in the latter position. The proximal extremity (14*, the figure is reversed) is quadrilateral with the ‘lateral sides longest and the lower side shortest. It is bounded above by a thick transverse ridge, and inferiorly forms a prominent pyramidal tuberosity. The tarsal articulation (Fig. 14*) consists of a single, vertically oblong quadrilateral plane, for junction with the cuboides. The outer side (Fig. 14) presents a large, quadrilateral plane, continuous with the cuboid articulation and prolonged at its postero-inferior angle, for junction with the fifth metatarsal. The inner side (Fig. 13), at its upper part, supports a transversely elliptical, convex facet for articula- tion with the third metatarsal. The distal extremity is constructed like that of the bone last described, except that no articular offset exists upon the outer side. Inches. Length of fourth metatarsal bone : : : : ; E ; : . 44 Circumference of the diaphysis . ; ; F : : d : s : 4h Height of the proximal extremity F : ; : : : : ; in) OX Height of distal extremity . Pe nt : - : : : p : . The fifth metatarsal bone (PI. XIII, Figs. 15, 16) is quite peculiar in its form, arising chiefly from a huge process projecting obliquely outward and backward from the carpal extremity of the normal diaphysis. Viewed as a whole, it is trian- gular with the angles tuberous, the margins concave, and the dorsal and plantar surfaces concave and shelving forward and outward. The normal diaphysis is compressed cylindroid, with an acute outer and a convex inner border. The lateral process is stronger and broader than the diaphysis of the bone, and is about the same length. Its extremity forms a convex tuberosity, and inferiorly also presents a pair of low, rough tuberosities. The tarsal extremity of the bone presents two, irregularly semicircular, vertical, slightly concave facets, conjoining at an acute angle. The tarsal facet (Fig. 16) articulates with the cuboides; the other one joins the fourth metatarsal bone. The distal extremity of the bone forms a large convex tuberosity, supporting a single, elliptical, convex, articular facet for the first phalanx. Inches. Length of the fifth metatarsal bone, from the angle formed by the articular facets of the tarsal extremity to the distal end . 3 Length from angle formed by the articular facets of pe tarsal Arts - the lateral process 3} Depth of tarsal extremity ; : : ‘ : ; 7 - ah 2 Depth of distal extremity . : : : : : : : ey Width of shaft anterior to the lateral ae 13 Width of lateral process - : ‘ 2 tof Seo Phalanges.—Of phalanges of the hind foot of Megalonyx, the collection of Dr. Owen contains the homologue of the first and second of the middle toe; the last 44 MEGALONYX. of the same toe and of the second or fourth toe of both feet; and the first of the last toe. ; In the third or median toe the homologues of the first and second phalanges form a single bone (Pl. XIII, Figs. 17, 18), which is short and very robust. Its shaft is quadrate, and decreases in diameter anteriorly. The proximal articular surface, as in the first phalanges of the forefeet, presents a deep, vertical concavity, with an oblique offset on each side inferiorly. The distal extremity like that of the second phalanges of the forefeet, forms a trochlea, the median groove of which is bounded above and below by a fossa, to accommodate the movements of the last phalanx. The sides of the trochlea are plane, but are deepened towards the centre, just pos- terior to which is a tuberosity for the attachment of the lateral ligament. Inches. Length of the homologue of the first and second phalanges of the middle toe, laterally : . : ; 33 Depth of proximal extremity : : : c : 6 ¢ ‘ : oon hoe Depth of trochlear extremity . 3 : j f : : : : ings onw -¢ The last phalanx of the third toe (Figs. 19, 20), is like that of the corresponding toe of the forefoot, but is very much larger and stronger. Its measurements are as follows :-— Inches. Length in straight line : é 6 : 6 0 : 3 : é a oe Greatest depth . : 3 : : : : c : : : 0 . 43 The last phalanx of the second or fourth toe (Fig. 21), is like those of the cor-. responding toes of the forefeet. Inches. Length . : : ; 3 ‘ : : : : : 0 : . 64 Depth : : : : 5 ; ; : : : é : : Rey 3) The first phalanx of the last toe is a quadrilateral nodule, with a concave meta- carpal facet, and a small, oblong, convex facet for the next phalanx. C Inches. Length . & ¢ 3 : : : é ¢ : : : é : z Breadth . 5 : : 5 3 5 6 i A 4 : Mine he Depth 1 tole The two ungual phalanges of the hind foot of a young individual of Megalonyx Jeffersonii, in the collection of the Academy of Natural Sciences, and forming part of the specimens upon-which Dr. Harlan proposed the I. /aqueatus, are interesting as indicating the mode of their development. One of the specimens belongs to the median toe, and the other to either the second or the fourth toe. In the median ungual phalanx, the line of separation of the articular epi- physis is indicated by a fissure still existing at the lower third of the bone; and in the other ungual phalanx the articular epiphysis is yet separable. In the former specimen, the ungual sheath is broken away except at its attachment to the tubero- MEGALONYX. 45 sity at the bottom of the claw-process, but in the other specimen upon one side it remains entire. In this the lateral portion of the ungual sheath is in the form of an oval disk, with thin edges, attached below to the basal tuberosity. Its outer surface is convex and perforated; and its posterior edge is unattached to the arti- cular margin of the bone, indicating that the latter obtains its full development of length before the ungual sheath incloses entirely the root of the nail. The two large vascular’ foramina of the basal process in the mature phalanges, in both young specimens are in the form of notches continuous with the separation of the ungual sheath from the articular margin of the epiphysis. The nail which is preserved on the smaller of the specimens of the two phalanges, is brown in color, is readily separable into its structural laminew; and it has the same form as the claw-process, except that its lower margin is grooved as in the nails of the recent sloths. Megalonyx dissimilis, Lervy. The collection of Dr. Dickeson contains two specimens of teeth found in the ravines in the neighborhood of Natchez, Mississippi, which, though belonging to the genus Megalonyx, apparently do not belong to the same species as that just described. One of the teeth is a first molar, which I suspect to belong to the lower jaw, as the wearing of the triturating surface is different from that of the corresponding upper tooth of Megalonyx Jeffersonii. The other is probably a fifth molar of the upper jaw, and in the description will be so designated. The specimen of the first molar (Pl. XIV, Figs. 4, 5) is two and a half inches long, but its lower part is broken away, and as the margin of the pulp cavity ante- riorly measures two lines in thickness, when the tooth was perfect it probably was an inch or more longer. The bottom of the pulp cavity is twenty lines from the triturating surface, which, if we may judge from the first molars contained in the two skulls described of IM. Jeffersonii, indicates the animal, at least, not to have been an old one. In transverse section (Pl. XVI, Fig. 8), the tooth is elongated elliptical, with the outer side convex, and the inner side concave with a median convex bulge. Its long diameter is seventeen lines, its short diameter seven and a half lines. The tooth is relatively less curved longitudinally than in the corre- sponding upper tooth of I. Jeffersonit. The triturating surface (Pl. XIV, Fig. 5) is worn into a deep concavity open to the bottom internally. Externally also the cementum is worn off a short distance from the harder dentine. The structure of the tooth is the same as-in the corresponding upper tooth of J. Jeffersonii ; but the cementum and harder dentinal layer are thickest externally, and both together gradually become thinner to the middle line internally. In Cuvier’s plate of bones of the Megalonyx, in the Annales du Museum,’ and in the successive editions of the Ossemens Fossiles,” is the representation of a trans- SVG Els xxii 9 Kd. 3, Pl. xv. AG EREPTODON. verse section of a tooth, figure 13, which so closely resembles that of the tooth above described, that it might be readily taken for it, except it is larger. Cuvier never alludes to this figure, but in the references to Plate CCXVI, of the Atlas to the posthumous edition of the Ossemens Fossiles, it is stated that “la figure 13 est vraisemblablement la coupe horizontale de la dent précedente, pour montrer son épais- seur.” This is most probably a mistake, for it is impossible that an outline like that of figure 13 could be produced from figure 14, which represents pretty cor- rectly the first molar, most probably of the lower jaw, of MZ. Jeffersonu. Figure 13 I suspect was drawn from a distinct tooth, which was subsequently mislaid and forgotten. If, however, this view be incorrect, it must be acknowledged that the two figures above mentioned have no correspondence in form with each other, while they exhibit an extraordinary resemblance to distinct forms of teeth existing in nature, one of which had never been seen by the artist.’ The other tooth referred to as probably being a fifth upper molar (Pl. XIV, Figs. 7, 8) is compressed ovoidal in section (Pl. XVI, Fig. 15), instead of being trilateral as in the corresponding tooth (Pl. XVI, Figs. 9, 10, a) of I Jeffersonit. Its long or transverse diameter measures ten lines, while its short or antero-poste- rior diameter is at the widest part five lines. The lower part of the tooth is broken away; and the bottom of the pulp cavity is ten lines from the triturating surface, which is worn into a concavity. EREPTODON, Ley. Ereptodom priscus, Ley. The collection of Dr. Dickeson contains an isolated tooth, found in a rayine in the neighborhood of Natchez, Mississippi, which has about the same size and struc- ture as the first molar of the Megalonyx Jeffersonii, but has a very different form. In relation to the position of this tooth in the jaw, in comparing it with the teeth of Megalonyx, it would appear to be a first molar, but compared with those of Mylodon, it appears as if it was rather a last inferior molar. The specimen (Pl. XIV, Figs. 9, 10, 11) is an inch and eight lines long, and is excavated from the bottom for the dental pulp, to within seven and a half lines of the triturating surface. The border of the pulp cavity is broken away, and the tooth when perfect has probably been an inch longer. In transverse section (Pl. XVI, Fig. 18), the tooth is elliptical, with a tortuous outline, and the posterior extremity is more obtuse than the anterior. Its long dia- meter is one inch and seven lines; its short diameter is eight and three-quarter lines. The tooth is very slightly curved in its length (Pl. XIV, Fig. 11), and the tritu- rating surface presents an irregular, antero-posterior concavity. The inner side 4 The figure 13 of Cuvier’s plate is reproduced in figure 6, Plate Ixxx, of Owen’s Odontography ; and also in figure 1, Plate xvii, of the Zoology of the Voyage of the Beagle, as characteristic of the Megalonyx Jeffersonii. MYLODON. 47 is convex and slightly impressed longitudinally at several points. The outer side is longitudinally fluted (Fig. 9), and in the specimen anteriorly it presents an irregular nodulated line apparently the result of disease in the dental pulp. The anterior border is narrow and smooth; and the posterior border is obtuse, and at the triturating surface is worn away for several lines. As above mentioned incidentally, the molar tooth of Lreptodon priscus has the same structure as the teeth of Megalonyx ; but a peculiarity observed in the speci- men is the nearly uniform thickness of the harder dentine and cementum all round, MYWLODON, Owen. Mylodon Hiariami, Owen. In the American Journal of Geology,’ and subsequently in the Medical and Physical Researches,’ Dr Harlan described and figured a fragment of the lower jaw of an extinct bradypoid animal, which he referred to the Megalonyx laqueatus, but Professor Owen® determined it to belong to the genus JJ/ylodon, and dedicated the species to Dr. Harlan. The specimen referred to belongs to the Cabinet of the Lyceum of Natural History of New York, and has been kindly loaned to me for examination. It was found at Big-bone-lick, Kentucky; and it is unchanged in texture. Its form (Pl. XIV, Figs. 1, 2) is like that of the corresponding portion of the lower jaw of the Mylodon robustus. Within the first alveolus of the specimen is a small fragment of the appertaining molar, which, though mutilated is sufficiently perfect to indicate its form in trans- verse section. (Pl. XVI, Fig. 19, a.) This is reniform, with the long diameter antero-posterior, and measuring twelve and a half lines. The inner side is concave, and the outer one convex; and the short diameter of the tooth is about seven and a quarter lines. The second molar in section (Pl. XVI, Fig. 19, 6) is quadrate with rounded angles. Its postero-internal portion is most prominent, and its outer side is convex while the other three sides are concave. The antero-posterior diameter is eight and a half lines, and the transverse diameter ten lines. The third molar (Pl. XVI, Fig. 19, c) is transversely oblong quadrilateral, with rounded angles. It is obliquely situated in the jaw ; has the anterior and posterior sides concave, the outer one convex, and that internal nearly a plane. Its antero- posterior diameter is seven and a half lines; its transverse diameter fourteen lines. The last tooth (Pl. XVI, Fig. 19, d) of the series is intermediate in form to that of Mylodon robustus and M. Darwinii. Tn transverse section it presents an irregular dumb-bell outline. The anterior lobe is most produced antero-externally, while that posterior is most produced postero-internally. Anteriorly the tooth is obliquely a J, 74, Pl. ii, Figs. 1, 2, 3. 2 334, Pl. xv, Figs. 2, 3, 4. 8 Zool. of the Voyage of the Beagle; Foss. Mam., 68. 48 MYLODON. concave, posteriorly convex. The isthmus or intermediate portion connecting the lobes is only four and a half lines wide. The anterior lobe in its perfect condi- tion was about fifteen lines wide, and that posterior about eleven lines. The collection of Col. Wailes contains two fragments of a last molar tooth (Pl. XVI, Fig. 20) closely corresponding to that just described, found in Mammoth Ravine, Mississippi. ; Professor F. 8. Holmes, of Charleston, sent for my inspection a small fragment of a molar tooth of an extinct sloth-like animal, which had been discovered by Capt. Bowman, U.S. A., in the sands of Ashley river, South Carolina. The specimen, when first received, I supposed to indicate a species of a new genus, to which I gave the name of Hubradys antiquus,' but I now believe it to be nothing more than a frag- ment of the first inferior molar of Mylodon Harlani. It is represented in two views in Plate XVI, Fig. 21, a, 6, and in transverse section in Fig. 21, ¢, which, by com- parison with that of the first lower molar of Mylodon Harlani, Fig. 19, a, will be found to resemble a corresponding portion sufficiently to consider it as the same. Dr. H. C. Perkins described a tooth and a humerus, found on the Willammette or Multonah river, a tributary of the Columbia, in Oregon,” which have been referred to the Mylodon Harlani, by Professor Owen.? Dr. Harlan subsequently described, and gave figures of a number of bones and teeth of an extinct bradypoid animal, which were found by Mr. Koch, in associa- tion with remains of Mastodon, etc., in Benton Co., Missouri. These, Dr. Harlan referred to a new genus and species under the name of Orycterotheriwm Missouri- ense,’ but’ Professor Owen, who had an opportunity of inspecting the specimens, satisfactorily determined them to belong to Mylodon Harlani.® The Cabinet of the Academy of Natural Sciences contains a humerus, with its distal end and anterior portion of the upper half broken away, which I suppose to belong to the Mylodon Harlani. (Pl. XIV, Fig. 3.) It was found at Big-bone- lick, Kentucky, and was presented to the Academy by John P. Wetherill, Esq. The specimen is an adult one, and in its details of form agrees pretty closely with the corresponding bone of Mylodon robustus; and its measurements accord with those of the Oregon specimen described by Dr. Perkins. The collection of Dr. Dickeson, deposited in the Academy of Natural Sciences, contains a number of bones of a half grown individual of Mylodon Harlani, which were discovered in association with remains of the Megalonyx and -other extinct animals in the ravines in the vicinity of Natchez, Mississippi. The bones have lost their epiphyses, but the diaphyses are in a good condition of preservation, and remain unchanged in texture, except that they are infiltrated with oxide of iron. The specimens are as follows :— * Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., VI, 241; Ancient Fauna of Nebraska, 10. The word Enbradys given in the former instead of Hubradys, is a typographical error; and the synonyme to Hubradys antiquus in the latter work is an error resulting from its introduction in the wrong place. 2 Am. Journ. Sci. and Arts, XLII, 136. 3 Thid., XLIV, 344. 4 Th., 69. 5 Tb. 5 Th., 344. MEGATHERIUM. 49 The left half of the lower jaw preserved with all its teeth. The bone in its present condition measures ten inches from its posterior margin to the anterior mental foramen, which is placed an inch and a quarter in advance of the position of the first molar; and its depth below the third molar is about two and a half inches. Its form agrees with the corresponding portion of the jaw of Mylodon robustus but is more convex externally in accordance with its age. The teeth have the same form and proportions as those in the adult fragment of jaw above described, except that the first of the series in transverse section is more demi-oval than reniform, and the anterior side of the second tooth is a little convex instead of being a little concave. The malar bone of the left side. It presents the same trilobate appearance as in Mylodon robustus. Fourteen fragments of vertebrae. The scapula of the right side. Its glenoid articulation and coracoid process have the same mode of development indicated in the account of the corresponding bone of the young skeleton of the Megalonyx Jeffersonit. Both humeral diaphyses. These are nine and a half inches long, by seven and a half inches in circumference at the middle. The deltoidal tract already presents a prominent outline. The right ulnar diaphysis, which is eight and a half inches long, and its lower third is six and a quarter inches in circumference. The coronoid process rises almost from its middle. Both radial diaphyses. These are five and a half inches long, and four and a half inches in circumference about the middle. One ilium, two ischia, and an os pubis. Both femoral diaphyses accompanied by the head of-one. Length of the diaphyses eleven inches; circumference about the middle ten inches. A tibial and fibular diaphysis. The former measures four and three-quarter inches in length, and seven inches in circumference about the middle} and the latter is about the same length, and two and three-quarter inches in circumference at the middle. MEGATHERIUMN, Cuvier. Megatherium mirabile, Ley. The most wonderful of all the extinct sloth tribe, the huge Megatherium, finally claims our attention. Its geographical range appears to have been equally exten- sive with that of the Mylodon, but I think it may be questioned whether the remains of this genus found in North and South America belong to the same species. In no other instance, so far as investigations have been carefully made, has: any species of an extinct sloth been discovered common to the two American continents. Under these circumstances, until it shall have been. proved to be otherwise the case by comparison of specimens or good figures, I propose to consider the North Ame- rican Megatherium a distinct species with the name of MZ. mirabile, while the older name of M. Cuvieri appertains to the South American species. 7 50 MEGATHERIUM. I can find no authentic evidence that the remains of the Megatheriwm have been discovered in any other localities of North America, than the maritime portion of the state of Georgia, and upon the shores of the Ashley river, in South Carolina. Dr. Harlan* states that he had found bones of the Megatherium in New Jersey, but as these have never been described nor since seen, it may be suspected that they turned out to be the remains of the Mastodon. Dr. R. Haymond has published an account of a tooth discovered in Indiana, which he attributes to the Megalonyx, but the description evidently applies to the molar of an Elephant.’ The first authentic notice of the discovery of remains of the Megatherium in North America, was given by Dr. Samuel L. Mitchell, who described portions of two teeth of the animal from Skiddaway Island, Georgia.? Mr. William Cooper shortly afterwards described a collection of Megatheriwm remains obtained by Dr. Joseph C. Habersham, from the marshes of Skiddaway. The collection was deposited by Dr. Habersham in the cabinet of the Lyceum of Natural History of New York, and Mr. Cooper gives a list of the specimens of which it consists as follows :— Four fragments of a lower jaw; fragments of three teeth; three vertebre ; frag- ments of three or four ribs; distal extremity of a humerus; two heads of the femur; and a number of other fragments, unsatisfactorily determined.* Subsequently Mr. Cooper described some other remains of the Megatheriwm obtained by Dr. Habersham, among which, the most important were several frag- ments composing the co-ossified tibia and fibula, and a metacarpal bone.? The length of the co-ossified bones of the leg was a little over two feet, and the breadth at the middle a little over one foot.° Mr. William B. Hodgson, in a “Memoir on the Megatherium, etc.,’” mentions other remains of the Megatherium discovered in Georgia. In a memorandum con- tributed to the memoir by Dr. Habersham, this gentleman gives the following list, with measurements, of bones of the Megatheriwm in his pessession, and obtained from Skiddaway Island.* Posterior portions of two skulls, of which the more perfect measures ten and a third inches between the external auditory meatuses. Six large molar teeth, measuring one inch and four-tenths to one and eight-tenths in their greater diameter, and one inch and three-tenths to one and six-tenths in their smaller diameter. A first upper molar tooth; the fragment of a lower jaw; several dorsal vertebre ; fragments of ribs and of a pelvis; a broken clavicle; and a metacarpal bone nine inches long. Two heads of the humerus, five and a half inches in diameter, and two distal extremities fourteen inches wide. 1 Am. Journ. Sci. and Arts, 1828, XIV, 187. 2 Tbid., XLVI, 294. 8 An. Lye. Nat. Hist., 1824, I, 58. - 4 Thid., 114. 5 Tbid., 1898, IT, 264. 6 Thid., 269. 7 New York, 1846. ° Skiddaway Island is situated on the coast of Georgia, and according to Mr. Hodgson, consists of a sandy, newer pliocene formation, rising but a few feet above high tide. MEGATHERIUM. 51 The head of a femur seven inches in diameter, and a distal extremity eleven inches wide ; the upper and lower extremities of a tibia; an os calcis ; an astragalus; an ungual phalanx, which, if perfect, would measure eleven inches in length; and fragments of several other phalanges.’ With the remains of the Megatherium given in this list, others were found of Elephas primigenius, Equus Americanus, Bos latifrons, and of a chelonian. The remains of the North American Megatherium, which I have had the oppor- tunity personally of examining, are those contained in the museums of the National Institute in Washington, and of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, besides several fragments of teeth loaned to me by Major Leconte of the latter city, and Professor Holmes, of Charleston. The collection of Megatheriwm remains in the cabinet of the National Institute, were discovered in Skiddaway Island, and were presented by Drs. J. P. Scriven and Habersham. A few years since on a visit to Washington, through the aid of my friend Professor Baird, I was enabled to borrow a few of the more characteristic spe- cimens of this collection consisting of a nearly entire lower jaw with the teeth, an isolated tooth, the temporal portion of a cranium, and an annular metacarpal bone. The other specimens observed in the collection with a few notes taken at the time are as follows :— 1. An axis, which measures five and one-third inches in length from the summit of the dentate process. The body posteriorly is three and a quarter inches in width and two and a half inches in depth. The anterior orifice of the spinal canal is cordi- form, and a little over two inches in diameter. The anterior articular processes are pyriform in outline, and after advancing upon the dentate process become con- fluent inferiorly. The entire depth of the bone from the end of the spinous pro- cess is about seven inches; and the transverse processes measure an inch and three- quarters in length from the foramen for the vertebral artery, which is about seven lines in diameter. 2. A cervical vertebra, apparently the fourth, with a half oval body, anteriorly measuring two and a half inches in depth, and three and a quarter transversely. The spinal canal is trilateral, one inch and a half in depth, and two and a half inches transversely. The foramen of the transverse process is three-quarters of an inch in diameter. 3. Two bodies of cervical vertebra, co-ossified by means of strong, irregular exostoses, which completely obscure their under part. One exostosis on the right side measures four and three-quarter inches in length, and is an inch in thickness. The two bodies are of the length of the exostosis just mentioned ; and the anterior surface of the one is subcircular, and three and a quarter inches wide and three deep, while the posterior surface of the other is transversely oval, and is four inches in the long diameter, by three and a quarter in the short diameter. One remaining transverse process has its foramen nearly an inch in diameter. 4. The spinous process of a dorsal vertebra nine inches in length, with the «Loc. ett, 2p: 52 MEGATHERIUM. remains of the spinal arch four and a half inches in the span between the posterior articular processes. 5. Two fragments of ribs measuring hire and a quarter and three and a half inches in breadth at the distance of six inches from the tubercle. 6. The head of a femur, six and a half inches in diameter at the base. 7. The proximal extremity of a tibia and a small fragment of a second. The shaft is prismoid, and at the distance of ten inches below the head of the bone is thir- teen and a half inches in circumference. The head is ten and a half inches broad, and measures about half as much antero-posteriorly. As im Megalonyzx, the femoral articular facets are separated from each other posteriorly by a concave notch, and partially overhang the posterior surface of the shaft. They are separated from each other by an interval of two and a half inches in width. The internal facet is*oval, deeply concave, five and a half inches antero-posteriorly and obliquely, and four and three-quarter inches transversely. The outer facet 1s antero-posteriorly moderately convex, ovate in outline, five and three-quarter inches in its long diameter, and three and a quarter in its short diameter. 8. A mutilated os calcis; an occipital condyle three and a quarter inches in its long diameter, and two and a half in its short diameter; and several fragments of teeth. Proceeding next with a description of the specimens of Megatheriwm remains borrowed from the National Institute collection, that of the temporal portion of a cranium consists of the temporal bone with contiguous co-ossified portions of the occipital and parietal bones (Pl. XV, Fig. 3); and it corresponds in form with the same part of the cranium of Megalonyzx. The temporal surface is strongly reticulated with ridges, and is pierced with numerous large vascular foramina. The parietes of the cranium in the position of the squamous portion of the temporal bone at their thinnest point are an inch and a half thick; and the cranial tables are occupied with a dense Tiley enaiag diploic structure. The lateral border of the inion is a thick obtuse ridge expanding below into the root of the zygomatic and mastoid processes. The zygomatic process has the same inclination of its root as in Megalonyx; and the mastoid process is relatively shorter, broader, and more rugged than in the latter animal. Back of the mastoid process is a deep gutter descending from the margin of the inion above the process to the stylo-mastoid foramen. The entrance of the external auditory meatus is nearly on the same plane with the outer surface of the zygomatic root, instead of being situated at the bottom of a wide arch as in Megalonyx. Its upper boundary is prominent and rough; and the auditory process is a thick, irregular ridge extending from the outer extremity of the glenoid articular cavity to the apex of the mastoid process. The meatus is demi-cylindroid in form and two inches in length. The glenoid articular cavity is a deep, transversely oval concavity, measuring two and a half inches wide, and an inch and a half antero-posteriorly. The specimen of a hard palate, from the National Institute. collection, on its two sides gives the entire length of the upper molar series as eight inches. The width of the palate between the first pair of molar alveoli is thirty-four lines, and that MEGATHERIUM. 53 between the fifth or last pair of alveoli at their middle is thirty-two lines. The under surface of the hard palate is concave transversely, especially towards the extremities; is slightly convex antero-posteriorly, and is perforated with a great number of conspicuous foramina. Between the position of the last molar alveoli, large palatine canals commence at the termination of a larger channel proceeding on each side from the posterior extremity of the palate. The antero-posterior measurements of the superior molar alveoli, so far as they can be ascertained from the specimen just described, are as follows :— Lines. First molar alveolus. ; ; > : : : : , f 3 eS Second molar alveolus . . ; ; : P ¢ F 3 : : 7 16 Third molar alveolus . , : . ; : ; F : 3 : eee) Fourth molar alveolus . ‘ é : 3 3 ‘ } : : : Pee) Fifth molar alveolus. , F e : i ; F ; ; ‘ petals The lower jaw of the Megatherium, in the collection of the National Institute, is one of the most perfect and interesting specimens yet discovered in North America. It, I believe, was presented to the Institute by Dr. J. P. Scriven. The base of the lower jaw (Pl. XV, Fig. 1) of Megatherium, on a line with the teeth, presents a remarkable convex extrusion to accommodate the extraordinary length of the latter, which, at their bottom, are only two or three lines from the exterior surface of the bone. The alveolar portion of the jaw is six inches in depth; and its outer side is convex and rough, and its inner surface nearly a vertical plane and smooth. The ramus externally and internally is roughened with ridges for the attachment of the powerful masseter and pterygoid muscles. The alveolar border of the jaw occupies a tract which is seven and a half inches long, and two inches wide at the middle. The teeth are separated by intervals of about the fourth of an inch, gradually widening outwardly and inwardly ; and they are exserted in a gradually increasing extent from behind forward; the last one being about four lines above the alveolar border internally, and the first one a little more than an inch. The dental canal commences at the root of the coronoid process about two inches back of the last molar tooth ; one of its branches ° ‘opening exterior to the latter, and the other advancing towards the symphysis of the jaw. The teeth contained within the lower jaw just described are perfect ; and they are quadrilateral, curved columns with the angles rounded, the anterior and posterior surfaces convex, and the lateral surfaces forming planes. The triturating surfaces are worn into transverse, angular grooves, bounded before and behind with angular ridges. The measurements of the teeth are as follows :— Inreriorn Motars. en First Second. Third. Fourtll. Antero-posterior diameter . : : : . 18 lines. 19 lines. 20 lines. 18 lines. Transverse diameter . : : : . 5 Die SPE DBie Sy Qt Bfos pL Si nes Length in the curve . : 2 3 : . ‘T inches. 7 inches. 7 inches. 6 inches. The annular metacarpal bone, of the National Institute collection, is nine and a quarter inches long. Its shaft is quadrate, with the outer angles rounded, and the 5A MEGATHERIUM. inner ones acute and rugged. The proximal end is narrowed, and is nearly five inches in depth; and ne distal end is longitudinally oval, and presents a single, vertical, articular convexity surrounded by a rugged border. The collection of remains of the Megatherium in the museum of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, was presented to this institution by James Hamilton Couper, of Darien, Georgia. These remains have additional interest from the fact that they were obtained in a different locality from the others above described or particularly indicated. They were discovered in association with remains of Hlephas primigenius, Mastodon, Bison latifrons,’ Equus Americanus, Chelonia Couper, etc., in making the excavation of the Brunswick canal, which connects the Altamaha and Turtle rivers, in Georgia.” Mr. Couper’s specimens are as follows: A portion of the hard palate; a small fragment of the alveolar border of the face; the alveolar portion of the left side of the lower jaw containing all the teeth; an anterior dorsal vertebra with its spinous process lost; two bodies of other anterior dorsal vertebrae; bodies of two lumbar vertebrae; two proximal extremities of ribs; the proximal extremity of a humerus; and a lunar bone of the carpus. The portion of the hard palate corresponds to the anterior four molar alveoli, and it belonged to a larger individual than the specimen above described, but other- wise does not differ from it. When adapted in proper position with the small frag- ment in the same collection, of the alveolar border of the face, the latter is estimated to have been about six and three-quarter inches wide at the middle pair of alveoli. The fragment of a lower jaw containing the teeth also corresponds with the same portion of the specimen belonging to the National Institute. The anterior dorsal vertebra has a trilateral body, the posterior face of which is four inches wide and three and three-quarters in depth. The spinal canal is trans- versely oval, and is three and a half inches wide and three deep. The spinal arch at the root of the spinous process is five inches in width antero-posteriorly. The transverse process is short, strong, and tuberous; and it presents a concave articular facet for the tubercle of the rib, and a second concave facet is situated at the side of the spinal arch for the head of the rib. The two dorsi-vertebral bodies above mentioned correspond to that just described, and all three of them are about three and a quarter inches in length. The two lumbar vertebral bodies are cylindroid, with dilated extremities, and are about four and a quarter inches long, and five in diameter at their articular surfaces, and their spinal canal is about two and a half inches wide. The two proximal extremities of ribs are from the posterior part of the thorax ; and their heads measure three inches in the long diameter. The proximal extremity of the humerus in form resembles that of iene but its tuberosities are unequal in size. The breadth of the fragment at the 4 The fragment of a lower jaw upon which Dr. Harlan founded the Sus Americanus, and Professor Owen, of London, the Harlanus Americanus, I find to belong to Bison latifrons. See Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., 1854, VII, 89. 2 The fossil bones weré found at the bottom of an alluvial formation, between four and six feet below the surface, imbedded in a stratum of clay resting on yellow sand. Hodgson: Mem. on the Mesg., 38. MEGATHERIUM. 55 tuberosities is eight inches; and the head of the bone is six inches in its long dia- meter, and five and a half in its short diameter. The lunar bone is four and a half inches broad between the dorsal and palmar surfaces; and its radial articular surface is three inches wide, and five and a half in the curve antero-posteriorly. The fragments of two teeth of Megatherium, loaned to me by Major Leconte, are from Skiddaway Island. One of them (Pl. XV, Fig. 4) is part of a third or fourth inferior molar, and measures eighteen lines antero-posteriorly and nineteen lines transversely. The other specimen is a longitudinal, anterior, or posterior fragment of the largest molar tooth of the Megatheriwm I have yet seen. It measures nearly two inches in transverse diameter, and may probably belong to the upper jaw. The fragments of teeth of the Megatheriwm loaned to me by Professor Holmes, of Charleston, are two very small ones, from the shores of Ashley river, South Carolina, where they were discovered by Capt. Bowman, U. 8S. A., in association with remains of Hlephas, Mastodon, Equus, Tapirus, Dicotyles, Hipparion, Hydro- choerus, etc., and are of no further interest than that they indicate a new locality for the Megatherium. At the moment of reading the last proof sheet of this memoir, the Academy of Natural Sciences has received a donation from Dr. Robert W. Gibbes, of Columbia, South Carolina, consisting of some remains of the Megatheriwm mirabile, from Skiddaway Island, Georgia, as follows: two bodies and an arch of three vertebra ; four fragments of ribs; a small fragment of a lower jaw, and the proximal ex- tremity of a humerus. Pasi yt > te By pata | desig gas "wee ai 2 F = hak ae eas. Ras Pe ae! a anit is ‘elon SPN OPS ES GENERUM ET SPECIERUM GRAVIGRADUUM QU IN HOC OPERE DESCRIBUNTUR ET INDICANTOR, Fam. GRAVIGRADA. Pedes breves, fortissimi,; zequales aut subsequales: manibus penta-vel tetradactylis, pedibus penta-? vel tetra-vel tridactylis; digitis externis 1 aut 2, muticis, ad suffultionem gressumque idoneis, reliquis falculatis. Arcus zygomaticus clausus. Clavicule perfectee. Cauda mediocris, crassa, fulciens.— Owen. MEGALONYX, Jefferson. Dentes ——— discreti; antici e reliquis remoti, magni, elliptici; reliqui superiores trigoni, inferiores tetragoni. Pedes «quales: manibus et pedibus? pentadactylis. Falcule magne, compresse. Femur capite integro. Tibia et fibula discrete. 1. Megalonyx Jeffersonii, Harlan.—Dentes magni antici laté elliptici; superiores ultimi trigoni. Hab. America septentrionalis.—Virginia, Kentucky, Tennessee, Mississippi, Alabama. Megalonyx, Jerrerson, Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. IV, 1799, 246.—Wisrar, Ibid. 526, Pls. i, ii.—Ovuvier, Ann. du Mus. V, 1804, 358, Pl. xxxiii, figure omnes, Fig. 13? excepta,—Is. Ossem. Foss. Ed. 4, VIII, 1836, 304, Pl. cexvi, Fig. 13? excepta.—Cooprr, Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. III, 1836, 166. Megatherium Jeffersonii, DEsMAREST, Mammalogie, 1820, 366. Megalonyx Jeffersonii, HARLAN, Faun. Amer. 1825, 201.—Is. Med. and Phys. Res. 1835, 271. Megalonyx laqueatus, HAruan, Journ. Ac. Nat. Se. Ph. VI, 1830, 269, Pls. xii—xiv. —Is. Med. and Phys. Res. 1835, 273; In. 319, Pls. xii-xiv, et xv, Fig. 5-7.— Wyman, Am. Journ. Se. and Arts, X, 1850, 58, Fig. 1, 2.—Lenpy, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Ph. VI, 1852, 117. Aulaxadon seu Pleurodon, HARLAN, Journ. Ac. Nat. Se. Ph. VI, 1830, 284.—In. Med. and Phys. Res. 1835, 330. Megatherium boreale, OKEN. Onychotherium, FIscHER. Megalonyx potens, Lutpy, Proc. Ac. Nat. Se. Ph. VI, 1852, 117. 2. Megalonyx dissimilis, Leidy—Dentes magni antici angusté elliptici; superiores ultimi vix trigoni sed potius elliptici. Hab. America septentrionalis.—Mississippi. Megalonyx dissimilis, Lerpy, Proe. Ac. Nat. Se. Ph. VI, 1852, 117.—Is. Ancient Fauna of Nebraska, 9. 58 GRAVIGRADA. GNATHOPSIS, Leidy. Bg) discreti; inferiores antici elliptici; secundi et tertii ovati. Dentes 1. Gnathopsis Oweni, Leidy.—Hab. America meridionalis. Megalonyx Jefferson, OwEN, Zool. Beagle, Foss. Mam. 1840, 99. Gnathopsis Owent, Lerpy, Proc. Ac. Nat. Se. Ph. VI, 1852, 117. EREPTODON, Leidy. Dentes Sand discreti?; antici? magni, elliptici, pagina externa? laqueata. 1, Ereptodon priscus, Leidy.—Hab. America septentrionalis.. Mississippi. Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Ph. VI, 1853, 241.—Is. Anc. Fauna of Nebr. 10. MYLODON, Owen. 5—d 4—4 tici; reliqui trigoni, pagina interna sulcata; inferiores antici elliptici; penultimi tetragoni; ultimi maximi, bilobati. Pedes equales: manibus pentadactylis et pedibus tetradactylis. Falcule magne, semiconice, inzequales. Caput femoris ligamento rotundo impressum. ‘Tibia et fibula discretee.— Owen. Dentes discreti; superiores antici subelliptici, e reliquis modice remoti; secundi ellip- 1, Mylodon Darwinii, Owen.—Maxilla inferior symphyse longiore, angustiore ; molares secundi subelliptici; ultimi bisulcati, sulco interno angulari.— Owen. Hab. America meridionalis. Glossotherium, OwEN, Zool. Beagle, Foss. Mam. 1840, 57. Mylodon Darwinti, Own, Ibid. 68.—Is. Mem. on the Mylodon, 1842, 154. 2, Mylodon Harlani, Owen.—Maxilla inferior symphyse breviore, latiore; molares secundi subquadrati; ultimi trisulcati, sulco interno bi-angulari— Owen. Hab. America septentrionalis. Kentucky, Mississippi, Missouri, Carolina meridionalis, Oregon. Megalonyx laqueatus, HARLAN, Med. and Phys. Res. 1835, 334, Pl. xv, Fig. 2-4. Mylodon Harlani, Own, Zool. Beagle, Foss. Mam. 1840, 68.—Is. Mem. on the Mylodon, 1842, 15. Orycterotherium Missouriense, HARLAN, Proc. Am. Phil. Soc. H, 1841, 119.—Is. Am. Journ. Sci. and Arts, XLIV, 1848, Pl. i—iii. Mylodon seu Megalonyx? PrrKins, Am. Journ. Sci. and Arts, XLII, 1842, 136, Fig. 1-4. Orycterotherium Oregonense, Perkins, Am. Journ. Sci. and Arts, XLIV, 1843, 80. Eubradys antiquus, Levy, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Ph. VI, 1853, 241.—Is. Anc. Faun. of Nebr. 10. : Megalonyx potens, Lerpy (Errore typograph. in Anc, Faun. Nebr. 10, sub Bubrad. antig. positus). 3. Mylodon robustus, Owen.—Maxilla inferior symphyse breviore, latiore; molares secundi subtrigoni; ultimi trisulcati, suleo interno rotundato.— Owen. Hab. America meridionalis. Mylodon robustus, OWEN, Mem. on the Mylodon, 1842. GRAVIGRADA. 59 MEGATHERIUM, Cuvier. 5—5 ,. : 2 ; : Dentes ~—° disereti tetragoni, coronide transversim sulcata. Manus tetradactyle; pedes tridactyli, digitis duobus externis muticis. Falculee magne, diversiformes, digitorum medio- rum maxime, compress. Femur capite integro. Tibia cum fibula utraque extremitate con- creta.— Owen. 1. Megatherium Cuvieri, Desm.—Megatherium Americe meridionalis. Megatherium Cuviert, DESMAREST, Mamm. 1804, 365. 2. Megatherium mirabile, Leidy.—Megatherium Americe septentrionalis. Georgia, Carolina meridionalis. Megatherium, Cuvier, Mrronenn, An. Lye. Nat. Hist. I, 1824, 58, Pl. vi, Fig. 12, 13.—Coorrr, Ibid. 114, Pl. viii; Ibid. II, 1828, 267. Megatherium Cuvieri, (Desm.) Hartan, Fauna Amer. 200.—Hopason, Mem. on the Megath. ete. 1846. SCELIDOTHERIUM, Owen. Dentes a discreti; superiores trigoni; antici inferiores trigoni; secundi et tertii sub- compressi, pagina externa suleata; ultimi maximi bilobati. Caput femoris ligamento tereti impressum. Tibia et fibula discrete. Falculee magne, semiconicxe.— Owen. 1. Scelidotherium leptocephalum, Owen.—Hab. America meridionalis. 2. S. Cuvieri, O—Hab. America meridionalis. 3. S. Bucklandi, O. “ uM i 4. S. minutum, O. . “ it EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES. PLATE 1. MeEGALONYX Jerrersonn. View of the left side of the skull, with the lower jaw; two-thirds the diameter of nature. From the specimen of Dr. Owen’s collection. The lower portion of the outer side of the first molar alveolus of the upper jaw, destroyed in the specimen, has been represented in its restored condition. The malar bone is lost; and so, also, are the first and third molar teeth of the lower jaw. PA her. Mecatonyx Jerrersonn. View of the upper part of the same skull as that represented in the pre- ceding plate. Two-thirds the diameter of nature. The malar bones and the right zygomatic process are lost. PLATE E -DPL; Mecatonyx JEFrERsoNm. View of the base of the skull; from the same specimen as the preceding plates. Two-thirds the diameter of nature. The malar bones, pterygoid processes, the right zygomatic process, the left second molar tooth, and the last right molar tooth are lost. jn Wes a a ee (i MEGALONYX JEFFERSON. View of the left side of the skull; two-thirds the size of nature. From the specimen of Dr. Dickeson’s collection. The first molar alveolus has been represented in its perfect condition, though broken away externally in the specimen. The malar bones, zygomatic processes, and pterygoid processes are lost. PiLAT HY. MzGALONYX JEFFERSON. Figures two-thirds the diameter of nature. Fig. 1. Upper view of the right side of the lower jaw, from the same specimen as that represented in Plate I. Fig. 2. Inner view of the same specimen. The first and third molar teeth are lost. 62 EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES. GyAS Er aVele MEGALONYX JEFFERSONII. Fig. 1. View of the hard palate and teeth, from the skull represented in Plate TV. Three-fifths the diameter of nature. (The anterior portion of the figure is that to the left of the plate.) The first molar teeth of both sides, and the posterior two of the left side are not contained aii their sockets, and all except one of the former are lost in the specimen. Fig. 2. Anterior view of the skull represented in Plates I-III. One half the diameter of nature. On both sides of the specimen the external portion of the first molar alveolus is destroyed, but on the right side of the figure it is represented in a restored condition. Fig. 3. Posterior view of the skull represented in Plates I-III. One half the diameter of nature. The remaining figures are of the natural size. Fig. 4. Inner view of a first upper molar tooth of the right side. From a specimen, in Prof. Silli- man’s collection, found at Memphis, Tennessee. Fig. 5. View of the triturating surface of the same specimen as the preceding figure. Fig. 6. Inner view of a first upper molar tooth of the left side. From a specimen, in Dr. Dickeson’s collection, found in a ravine near Natchez, Mississippi. Fig. 7. View of the triturating surface of the same specimen as the preceding figure. Figs. 6 and 7 are from the specimen which was formerly thought to characterize a species of Mega- lonyx, to which the name of JZ. potens was given. Fig. 8. View of an isolated molar tooth, probably not belonging to Megalonys Jeffersoniz, From a specimen, in Prof. Wyman’s collection, found in Tuscumbia Co., Alabama. Fig. 9. View of the triturating surface of the same specimen as that represented in the preceding figure. Fig. 10. Posterior view of the last lower molar tooth of the right side, from the specimen repre- sented in the jaw in Plates I and V. Fig. 11. View of the triturating surface of the same specimen as that represented in the preceding figure. Pi A Tw Vidi: MEGALONYX JEFFERSONII. All the figures are from specimens in Dr. Owen’s collection, and are one half the diameter of nature, except 7 and 8, which are from a specimen in Dr. Dickeson’s col- lection, and measure two-thirds the diameter of nature. Fig. 1. Inferior view of the atlas. Vig. 2. Anterior view of the same specimen. Fig. 3. Lateral view of the axis. Fig. 4. Lateral view of one of the posterior cervical vertebre Fig. 5. Inferior view of the last sacral vertebra. Fig. 6. Anterior view of an anterior caudal vertebra. Fig. 7. The hyoid bone. Fig. 8. Lateral view of the same specimen. Paya yal aie Mazcatonyx JErrersont. Figures 1 to 5 inclusive, are one-third the diameter of nature, and the remainder are one-half. Figures 1, 2, 9, 10 A, 11 A, 12 A, and 13 A, are from specimens in Dr. Dickeson’s collection; 3 and 4 are from specimens of Mr. Wetherill’s collection; and the remaining ones are from specimens of Dr. Owen’s collection. EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES. 63 Fig. 1. Fragment of the scapula. Dorsal view, representing the coraco-acromial arch entire. Fig. 2. Inferior view of the same specimen, exhibiting the glenoid fossa and the coraco-acromial arch. Fig. 3. Inner or subscapular view of the lower portion of the scapula of a young animal, exhibiting the development of the coracoid process as a distinct bone. A, B, suture of the coracoid process ; C, partial epiphysis of the glenoid fossa. Fig. 4. Inferior view of the same specimen from which the preceding figure was taken. Figs. 3 and 4, are from one of the specimens upon which Dr. Harlan originally proposed the Mega- lonyx laqueatus. Fig. 5. The clavicle. Fig. 6. Palmar view of the right scapho-trapezial bone A, and the lunar bone B. Fig. 7. Intercarpal view of the same specimens. , articular surface for the first metacarpal bone ; d, articular surface for the trapezoid bone; e, f, g, three articular surfaces for the os magnum; h, articular surface for the cuneiform bone. Fig. 8. A, B. Radial articular surfaces of the same specimens. Fig. 9. Palmar view of the right lunar bone A, and the cuneiform bone B.. ¢, articular surface for the scapho-trapezial bone; d, articular surface for the radius; e, articular surface for the ulna; f, arti- cular surface for the pisiform bone. 5 Fig. 10. Palmar view of the right os magnum A, and the unciform bone B. ¢, articular surface for the trapezial portion of the scapho-trapezium; d, articular surface for the lunar bone; e, articular sur- face for the cuneiform bone. Fig. 11. A, B. Radio-ulno-carpal view of the same specimens as those represented in figure 9. ¢, articular surface for the ulna; d, articular surface for the pisiform bone. Fig. 12. A, B. Intercarpal view of the same specimens as those represented in figure 10. ¢, d, e, the corresponding articular surfaces to those marked with the same letters in figure 10. Fig. 13. A, B. Metacarpal view of the same specimens as those represented in figures 10 and 12. c, d, e, articular facets for the median metacarpal bone; /, articular surface for the annular metacarpal bone; g, articular surface for the auricular metacarpal bone. Fig. 14. The right pisiform bone. 4, articular surface for the unciform bone and the ulna. PGA TE) x. Mercatonyx Jerrersoni. All the figures are one-third the diameter of nature. Figures 1 to 4 inclusive are from specimens in Dr. Owen’s collection, and the others are from specimens of Jefferson’s collection. Fig. 1. Anterior view of the left humerus. Fig. 2. Posterior view of the left humerus. Fig. 3. Head of the same specimen. Fig. 4. Antebrachial border of the same specimen. Fig. 5. Front view of the left radius and ulna. Fig. 6. Carpal extremities of the same specimens. Fig. 7. Proximal end of the left ulna. PEAT Be: MEGALONYX JEFFERSONU. Figure 1 is one-third the diameter of nature, while all the other figures are one half. Figures 1, 18, and 19 are from specimens of the Jefferson collection, and the others are from specimens in Dr. Owen’s collection. Fig. 1. Dorsal view of the left radius and ulna. Figs. 2-5. Outer view of the median metacarpal bone and phalanges. Figs. 6-9. Upper view of the median metacarpal bone in conjunction with the annular metacarpal bone, and of the median phalanges. 64 EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES. Fig. 10. Inferior view of the last median phalanx. Fig. 11. Carpal surface of the annular metacarpal bone. The three divisions of the surface from right to left of the figure, articulate with the auricular metacarpal bone, the unciform bone, and the median metacarpal bone. Fig. 12. Outer view of the annular metacarpal bone. Fig. 13. Carpal surface of the median metacarpal bone. The left upper lobe articulates with the index metacarpal, trapezoid, and magnum bones; the lower lobe articulates with the os magnum; and the right upper lobe articulates with the latter and with the unciform bone. Fig. 14. Inner view of the proximal end of the median metacarpal bone, with the articular surface for the annular metacarpal bone. Fig. 15. Inner view of the index metacarpal bone. The articular facet at the upper part of the proximal extremity is for the median metacarpal bone. Fig. 16. Carpal surface of the index metacarpal bone. Fig. 17. Outer view of the proximal extremity of the index metacarpal bone, with the articular sur- face for the first metacarpal bone. Fig. 18. Dorsal view of the left auricular metacarpal bone. Fig. 19. Outer view of the same specimen. The articular facet at the proximal end is for the annular metacarpal bone. Fig. 20. Lateral view of the ungual phalanx of the thumb. oo PLATE XI. MercALonyx JEFFERSONIT. All the figures are one-third the diameter of nature, and are from speci- mens in Dr. Owen’s collection. Fig. 1. Front view of the left femur. Fig. 2. Back view of the left femur. Fig. 3. Distal view of the left femur. Fig. 4. Proximal view of the left tibia. Fig. 5. Outer view of the patella. Fig. 6. Inner view of the patella. P LAD Bh, xb. Mercatonyx JErrersoni. Al the figures are one-third the diameter of nature, and are from speci- mens in Dr. Owen’s collection. Fig. 1. Front view of the left tibia. Fig. 2. Outer view of the left tibia. Fig. 3. Back view of the left tibia. Fig. 4. Distal view of the left tibia. , fibular articulation; 6, articular surface for the astragalus. Fig. 5. Outer view of the left os calcis. Fig. 6. Anterior view of the left os calcis. a, 6, articular surfaces for the astragalus; c, articular surface for the cuboid bone. Fig. 7. Upper view of the left astragalus. The large articular surface is for the tibia; the angular fossa receives a short process of the latter; and the concave fossa of the apophysis articulates with the scaphoid bone. Fig. 8. Inferior view of the astragalus. The upper broad articular surface is for the caleaneum ; and the articular surface, seen on the apophysis, joins, from right to left and downward, the calcaneum, and the cuboid and scaphoid bones. Fig. 9. Anterior view of the astragalus, with the articular surface for the scaphoid bone. Fig. 10. Outer view of the astragalus. , articular surface for the fibula; 0, articular surface for the cuboid bone. EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES. 65 PEA Ti. XITLL, Mercatonyx Jerrersonu. The figures are all one-half the diameter of nature, and are from speci- mens in Dr. Owen’s collection. Fig. 1. Dorsal view of the right external cuneiform bone. Fig. 2. Its distal articular surface, for the third metatarsal bone. Fig. 3. Its proximal view, presenting a large articular surface, on the left of the figure, for the sca- phoid bone, and a small one to the right for the cuboid bone. Fig. 4. Dorsal view of the right cuboid bone. Fig. 5. Articular surface of the same specimen, for the last two metatarsal bones. The figure should have been turned with the concave border to the right, so as to correspond with figures 14* and 16. Fig. 6. The cuboid bone articulating with the fourth metatarsal bone, and exhibiting an articular surface, which joins the external cuneiform and scaphoid bones, and the astragalus. Fig. 7. The scaphoid bone, exhibiting the articular surface for the astragalus, and part of that for the cuboid bone. Fig. 8. Distal view of the same bone, exhibiting articular surfaces for two cuneiform bones. Fig. 9. Inner view of the second metatarsal bone. Fig. 10. Outer view of its proximal extremity. Fig. 11. Tarsal view of the same specimen. Fig. 12. Dorsal view of the fourth metatarsal bone. Fig. 13. Inner view of the fourth metatarsal bone. Fig. 14. Outer view of the fourth metatarsal bone. Fig. 14*. Tarsal view of the fourth metatarsal bone. Fig. 15. Dorsal view of the fifth metatarsal bone. Fig. 16. Tarsal view of the fifth metatarsal bone. Figs. 14* and 16 have inadvertently been drawn upside down. Fig. 17. Homologue of the first and second phalanges of the median toe ; lateral view. Fig. 18. Upper view of the same specimen. Fig. 19. Lateral view of the median ungual phalanx. Fig. 20. Upper view of the median ungual phalanx. Fig. 21. Lateral view of the ungual phalanx, either of the second or of the fourth toe. Phat Hh STV: Mytopon Haruani. Figs. 1, 2. Upper and outer views of a fragment of the right side of the lower jaw, containing all the teeth except the first one. Two-thirds the diameter of nature. From a speci- men found at Big-bone-lick, Kentucky, and now belonging to the New York Lyceum of Natural History. Fig. 3. Posterior view of a right humerus, one-third the diameter of nature. The specimen is con- tained in the cabinet of the Academy of Natural Sciences, and was found at Big-bone-lick, Ken. M&GALONYX Dissimmis. ‘The figures are of the natural size, and are from specimens, in Dr. Dicke- son’s collection, found near Natchez, Mississippi. . Fig. 4. Outer view of a first inferior molar tooth of the left side. Fig. 5. Triturating surface of the same specimen. Fig. 6. Marginal view of the same specimen. Fig. 7. Anterior view of a last upper molar tooth. Fig. 8. Triturating surface of the same specimen. Erepropon priscus. The figures of the natural size, and taken from a specimen, in Dr. Dickeson’s collection, from near Natchez, Mississippi. Fig. 9. Side view of a molar tooth. Fig. 10. Triturating surface of the same specimen. Fig. 11. Marginal view of the same specimen. 9 66 EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES. [IN 1) Ws Mrcaturerium. Figs. 1, 2, are two-thirds the diameter of nature; Fig. 3, one-third; and Fig. 4 is of the natural size. Figs. 1, 2. Outer and upper views of the left side of the lower jaw, being part of a specimen from Skiddaway Island, and now belonging to the National Institute collection. Fig. 3. Temporo-occipital fragment of a cranium, from the right side. Fig. 4. Fragment of a molar tooth. BAAD xO * All the figures of this plate are of the natural size; and to insure their accuracy they were drawn by the author. Mucatonyx Jerrersonit. Jigs. 1-6. Transverse sections of first superior molar teeth. Fig. 1. From one of the specimens contained in the skull of Dr. Owen’s collection. Fig. 2, From the specimen contained in the skull of Dr. Dickeson’s collection. Fig. 8. From an isolated specimen, in Dr. Dickeson’s collection, from near Natchez, Mississippi. This section is from the tooth which was supposed to characterize the MWegalonyx potens. Fig. 4 From a specimen, in Professor Silliman’s collection, from Memphis, Tennessee. Fig. 5. From a specimen, in Col. Wailes’ collection, from Adams Co., Mississippi. Fig. 6. From a specimen, in Professor Wyman’s collection, from Natchez Bluffs, Mississippi. Fig. 7. Transverse section of a cast in clay of the first inferior molar alveolus of the right side, taken from the specimen of the lower jaw, of Dr. Owen’s collection. Fig. 9. Transverse sections of the posterior four superior molars of the right side; from the skull! in Dr. Owen’s collection. The series a, 6, c, d, is directed from behind forwards. Fig. 10. A similar representation to the preceding figure ; from the skull in Dr. Dickeson’s collection. Fig. 11. Section of a fourth upper molar tooth, from a specimen in the collection of Col. Wailes, from Adams Co., Mississippi. Fig. 12. Section of a third 7 upper molar, from a specimen in Professor Wyman’s collection, from Natchez Bluffs, Mississippi. ; Fig. 13. Section of a molar of Megalonyx Jeffersonii ?, in Professor Wyman’s collection, from Tus- cumbia Co., Alabama. Fig. 14. Section of a second upper molar, in Professor Wyman’s collection, from Natchez Bluffs, Mississippi. Figs. 16, 17. Sections of the second and last lower molar teeth, from the specimens in the lower jaw of Dr. Owen’s collection. MEGALONYX DissIminis. Fig. 8. Transverse section of a first inferior molar, in Dr. Dickeson’s eol- lection, from near Natchez, Mississippi. Fig. 15. Section of a last superior molar, which accompanied the last-mentioned specimen. HREPTODON PRIscus. Fig. 18. Transverse section of the molar tooth upon which a new genus and species have been proposed. he specimen, in Dr. Dickeson’s collection, is from near Natchez, Mis- sissippi. Mytopon Harnant. Fie. 19. Sections of the right lower molar teeth, contained in the fragment of a jaw, found at: Big-bone-lick, and now in the possession of the New York Lyceum of Natural History. Fig. 20. Section from two fragments of a last lower molar tooth, in Col. Wailes’ collection, from Mammoth Ravine, Mississippi. ; Fig. 21. Fragment of a first lower molar tooth, from a specimen discovered by Captain Bowman, U.S. A., in the sands of Ashley river, South Carolina. a. broken longitudinal surface ; b. lateral view ; ec. transverse section. It was upon this fragment that Hubradys antiquus was erroneously proposed. INDEX. [The names of Genera and Species described or characterized are in carirans ; those incidentally used are in Roman ; and synonymes are in ¢talics. | Aulaxodon, 57. Bootherium, 6. Bos latifrons, 51, 54. Cervus, 6. Chelonia Couperi, 54. Dicotyles, 55. Hlephas, 55. Hlephas primigenius, 6, 51, 54. Equus, 55. Equus Americanus, 51, 54. Erepropon, 46, 58. EREPTODON pRIscuS, 46, 58, tooth of, 46. Eubradys antiquus, 48, 58, 66. Glossothertum, 58. GnatuHopsts, 14, 57. GNATHOPsIS OWENI, 14, 41, 57. lower jaw of, 14. astragalus, 41, GRAVIGRADA, 57. Harlanus Americanus, 54. Hipparion, 55. Hydrocheerns, 55, Mastodon, 6, 54, 55. MEGALONYX, 3, 57. Megalonyx, 58. MEGALONYX DIssrMiuis, 17, 45, 57. teeth of, 45. MEGALONYX JEFFERSONI, 3, 17, 57. history, 3. : materials for study, 4. description of the skull, 8. lateral view of the skull, 8. superior view, 9. inferior view, 10. posterior view, 11. anterior view, 11. sutural connections of the bones of the skull, 12. comparison of the Megalonyx skull in Dr. Dickeson’s collection, with that of Dr. Owen’s collection, 12. comparative measurements of the skulls of Megalonyx Jeffersonii in the collections of Drs. Owen and Dickeson, 13. inferior maxilla, 13. measurements of the lower jaw, 15. dentition, 15. measurements of the posterior four superior molars in the skull of Dr. Owen’s collec- tion, 18. measurements of the corresponding teeth in the skull of Dr. Dickeson’s collection, 18. structure of the teeth, 19. cervical vertebree, 20. dorsal vertebree, 22. sacrum, 23. coccyx, 23. hyoid bone, 24. ribs, 24. scapula, 24. clavicle, 26. humerus, 26. bones of the forearm, 27. radius, 27. ulna, 27. carpus, 30. os seapho-trapezium, 30. os lunare, 30. os cuneiforme, 31. os pisiforme, 31. os magnum, 31. os unciforme, 32. of the carpal bones in conjunction, 32. metacarpals, 32. phalanges, 35. femur, 37. tibia, 38. patella, 39. tarsus, 40. astragalus, 40. os calcis, 41. os scaphoides, 41. os cuneiforme externum, 42. metatarsus, 42. phalanges, 43. development of ungual phalanges, 44. Megalonyx Jeffersoni, 91. Megalonyx laqueatus, 17, 57, 58. Megalonyx potens, 16, 17, 57, 58, 62, 66. MeEGATHERIUM, 49, 58, 59. Megatherium boreale, 51. MEGATHERIUM CuviERI, 49, 58, 59. Megatherium Jeffersonit, 51. MEGATHERIUM MIRABILE, 49, 59. remains described by others, 50. remainsin the National Institute collection, 51. fragment of cranium, 52. hard palate, 52. lower jaw with teeth, 53. INDEX. remains of, in the collection of the Academy of Natural Sciences, 54. Mytopon, 47, 58. Mynopvon Darwin, 58. Mytopon Harwant, 47, 58. lower jaw, with teeth, 47. humerus, 48. young bones, 49. MyYLopon ROBUSTUS, 58. Onychotherium, 5. Orycterotherium Missouriense, 48, 58. Orycterotherium Oregonense, 58. Pleurodon, 51. ScELIDOTHERIUM, 14, 59. Scelidotherium Bucklandi, 59. Scelidotherium Cuvieri, 59. Scelidotherium leptocephalum, 59. Scelidotherium minutum, 59. Sus Americanus, 54. Synopsis of genera and species, 57. Tapirus, 6, 55. Ursus, 6. PUBLISHED BY THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, WASHINGTON, D. C. JUNE, 1855. | Plate A. Frey, Del A i oom Pee ie a, cod —— UBEY ‘TINOSUTTTIL KANOTWOTN ne Gay ibe bs | _| ie St2 Ld. ~ TAMIL SITE] aloo ll Id By Wy SatepSUuty Ai uepey ‘TINOSUMITAL KANOTVOSN pq fay ¥ x_n ras By ' YH] Sttepourg 7 ueywey ‘TINOSURMIES YANOTVD EN a di aS ch PEL BT SENG: | [A-OF2]d ueltey TINOSUAAAal YANOTYDON pa Say y # ag SE “Uwe TINOSULITT XLNOTVOAN pa teary IIA 971d | a 7 “UeLeH TINOSUAAIEL XANOIWD EN UA °F} ¢ —— — ee LL — Td wT SATEPOUTS at Ps i 3 a AY Ie TINOC Ten Ka een Pa fea y “UeweH TINOSUAMIa! XANOTVOWN Td OT § Bd t Diieisai Seen rq “Yel Plate XI. MEGALONYX JEFFERSONII, Harlan: a) “* p KA rs — Late A Frey, Del 3 T. Sinclar'’s Lith, Phil MEGALONYX JEFFERSONIL, Harlan. om Ca a a tole T. Sinclair's lith, Pinl A Frey,Del. MEGALONYX JEFFERSONI, Harlan. Plate XIV if.ta 3 MYLODON HARLAN Owen. 4-8 MEGALONYX DIS SIMILIS, Leidy, —rrsasns | 9-10 FREPTODON PRISCUS heidy Td wT s ieee rae pa tu ¥ ALO) WOT aH Te (2 Bt 6 AO er a Un I AX ot? [d F Ke. F “Tid WA sepus “1 : Pd Aen TAX od APR, NDE xX. PUBLICATIONS OF LEARNED SOCIETIES AND PERIODICALS IN THE LIBRARY OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION. PARE Ty. NOTICE. Tue present list, prepared under the direction and at the expense of the Institu- tion by Mr. Charles Girard, is the first of a series intended to show what works have been received in the way of exchange by the Smithsonian Institution, and includes likewise all transactions of learned societies and periodicals which have in any way been added to its library. It embraces the statistics of what has been received up to 1855 from the countries for which Dr. J. G. Fliigel, of Leipsic, has acted as agent, namely: Sweden, Norway, Denmark, Russia, Holland, Ger- many, Switzerland and Belgium. The remaining portions will be issued as speedily as possible. The Smithsonian Institution, desirous of collecting together all published trans- actions of societies and scientific periodicals, will be happy to receive from its correspondents any additions to these lists, especially where such will serve to complete series already in its possession. JosEpH Henry, Secretary S. I. Smithsonian Institution, January 1, 1855. PUBLIC ATEONS or LEARNED SOCIETIES AND PERIODICALS IN THE LIBRARY OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, DECEMBER 31, 1854. A BU. T;,. SWEDEN. LUND. Kongliga Universitetet.* Physiographiska Siillskapets Tidskrift. I. Lund, 1837—1838. 8vo. Swenska Kyrkans Historia, af Dr. H. Reurerpany. I & II, 1, 0. Lund, 1838 —1850. 8vo. Skanes Konsthistoria for Medeltiden, af C. G. Brunrus. Lund, 1850. 8vo. Konstanteckningar under en Resa dir 1849, fran Lund om Linkiping och Strengniis till fahlun och iiter om Upsala Stockholm och Vexié, af C.G, Bruntus. Lund, 1851. 8vo. Skandinavisk Fauna, af S. Nuusson. I, 1847 (2d ed.); WI (Amfibierna), ae IV, I, 1 (Fiskarna), 1852 & 1853. Lund. 8vo. Nordborn under Hednatiden. Populir framstiillning a vara Forfiiders ildsta Kultur, af AxeL Em. Hotmpere. Férra Afdelningen. Stockholm, 1852. 8vo. Swensk Bibliography fér ar 1849, eller Allmiin Forteckning ofwer utkomna Bicker, Musikalier Kartor, Kapparstick och Stentryck. Utgiwen af Bok- tryckeri-Societeten. Stockholm, 1849. 8vo. for Ar 1850. Stockholm, 1850. © 1861. - 1851. “1852. * 1852. “ 1853, I—xm.—s 1853. “1844, I—x. Ks 1804. Tegners-Statyen. Lund, 1853. 8vo. pamph. STOCKHOLM. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps Akademien. Kongl. Svenska Vetenskaps Academiens Handlingar. I—XL, 1739—1779. Stockholm. 8vo. * Unless otherwise stated, the works mentioned in this list are a donation from the society or party under the heading of which they are recorded. 1 2 PUBLICATIONS OF LEARNED SOCIETIES. STOCKHOLM. Konglika Svenska Vetenskaps Akademien.— Continued. Kongl. Vetenskaps Academiens nya Handlingar. I—XXXIII, 1780—1812. Register: 1739—1812. Stockholm, 1755—1821. 8vo. Ofversigt of Kongl. Vetenskaps Academiens Forhandlingar. Arg. I, 1844. Stockholm, 1845. 8vo. i0l, - 1845. 1846. III, 1846. es 1847. IY, 1847. # 1848. V, 1848. ie 1849. Wale 1849. ss 1850. Vii, 1850. O 1851. VIIl, 1851. z: 1852. IX, 1852. i 18538. CronstRAND (8. A.). Arsberiittelse i Astronomien. Den 81 Mart. 1836. Stock- holm, 1886. 8vo. Friss (B. Fr.). Arsberittelser om nyare Zoologiska arbeten och upptackter. Afgifne den 31 Mars 1835 och 1836. Stockholm, 1887. 8vo. PascuH (G. E.) Arsberiittelse om Technologiens Framsteg. Afgifven den 31 Mars 1837. ~ Stockholm, 1837. 8vo. a 1838. He 1839. e 1844. io 1849. od 1845. Ht 1851. fe 1846. a 1849. i 1847. us 1851. i 1848 och 1849. a 1862. BERZELIUS (Jac.). Arsberittelse om framstegen i Fysic och Kemi. Afeifven den 81 Mars 1837. Stockholm, 1887. 8vo. it 1838. x 1838. BERZELIUS (Jac.). Arsberiittelse om framstegen i Kemi och Mineralogi. Afoifven den 31 Mars 1846. Stockholm, 1846. 8vo. s USAT. tt 1848. SvanBere (L. F.). Arsberiittelse om framstegen i Kemi, under ar 1847. Stockholm, 1849. S8vo. 4 1848. “t 1850. “ i 1849. ss Losi, Epuune (E.). Beriittelse om framstegen 1 Fysik, under ar 1849. Stockholm, 1851. 8vo. “1850. i 1852. Wixstrém (Joh. Em.). Arsberiittelse om Botaniska arbeten och opptackter for ar 1836. Stockholm, 1838. 8vo. US Sie tf 1839. “ 1839-42. . 1844, “ 1848-44, 1&1 “ 1849. “ 1845-48, I. - 1850. “* 1849. ce 1852. Bihang till de Botaniska Ars-Berattelserna for aren 1843 och 1844. Stockholm, 1849, SWEDEN. 3 STOCKHOLM. Konglika Svenska Vetenskaps Akademien.— Continueid. Beriittelse 6fver en Resa genom Skane och Halland under sommaren ar 1846. Af N. J. ANDERSON. Plants Melite lectsz, secundum systema candoleanum digests 1848. A. J. C. Greco Dericata, M. Dr. Holmiae, 1849. 8vo. BouEMAn (C.H.). Arsberiittelse om framstegen i Inselcternas, Myriapodernas och Arachnidernas natural historia for 1840 och 1842. Stockholm, 1843. 8vo. 1843 “ 1844. ai 1845. 1845 “ 1846, - 1847. 1847 “ 1848. e 1851. 1849 “ 1850. oo 1852. SuNDEVALL (C. J.). Arsberiittelse om nyare Zoologiska arbeten och upptiickar, till Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Afgifne fir aren 1837—1840. Stockholm. 8vo. SUNDEVALL (C. J.) Arsberiittelse om framstegen i Vertebrerade Djurens natural historia under aren 1840—1842. Stockholm, 1844. 8vo. :. 1843 och 1844. es 1847. SUNDEVALL (Carl J.). Beriittelse om framstegen i Vertebrerade Djurens natural historia och Ethnografien under aren 1845—1850. Stockholm, 1853. 8vo. Lovin (S.). Arsberiittelse om framstegen i Crustaceernas och de liigre Skelett- ldsa Djurens natural historia under aren 1840—1842. Stockholm, 1844. 8vo. f 1843—1844. wi 1848, “ Lovén (S.). Beriittelse om framstegen i Molluskernas, Crustaceernas, och de liigre Skelettlisa Djurens natural historia under aren 1845—1849. Stockholm, 1852. 8vo. Kongl. Vitterhets Historie och Antiquitets Akademien. Kongl. Vitterhets Historie och Antiquitets Akademiens Handlingar, I—XX, Stockholm, 1789—1852. 8vo. Handlingar rérande Sveriges iildre, nyare och nyaste Historia, samt Historiska Personer. Utgifna af ett Siilllskap. I—IX. Stockholm, 1830—1833. 8vo. Handlingar rérande Skandinaviens Historia. I—X. Stockholm, 1816—1822. 8yo. Nya Handlingar riérande Skandinaviens Historia. I—IV (XI—XIV). Stock- holm, 1824—1828. 8vo. Samlingar utgifna af Svenska Fornskrift-Sillskapet. I, 1, 1, m1 (1844-5); TI, 1, u, 11 (1845), rv (1849); III, 1 (1846), 1m (1858), mm (1847); IV, 1, m (1847), m0 (1849), rv (1851), v (1852); V, 1, 1 (1850); VI, 1 (1848), m (1851); VII, 1, 1 (1853). Stockholm. 8vo. : Svenska Akademien. Svenska Academiens Handlingar. 1786, I—V; 1796, I—XVI. Stockholm, 1801—1836. 8vo. 4 PUBLICATIONS OF LEARNED SOCIETIES. UPSALA. Kongliga Vetenskaps Societeten. Nova Acta Regiae Societatis Scientiarum Upsaliensis. VII—XIV. Upsaliae, 1815—1850. 4to. Acta Regiae Societatis Scientiarum Upsaliensis Seriei tertiae. I, 1. Upsaliae, 1851. 4to. Svea. Tidskrift fr Vetenskap och Konst. I—XIV. Upsala, 1818—1831. 8vo. Skandia. Tidskrift for Vetenskap och Konst. Utgifven af Swenska Litteratur- Foreningen. I—VII. Upsala, 1883—1886. 8vo. Dela Gardiska Archivet, eller Handlingar ur Grefl. Dela-Gardiska Bibliotheket pa Loberdd. I—X. Utgifven af P. WimsenereN. Stockholm & Lund, 1831 —1838. 8vo. NORWAY. BERGEN. Bergen’s Museum. Urda, et Norsk antiquarisk-historisk Tidsskrift, udgivet af Directionen for det Bergenske Museum. 1, 1887; TI, 1842. Bergen. 4to. CHRISTIANIA. Det Kongelige Norske Universitet. (See Physiographiske Forening.) Norges gamle Love indtil 1887. I—III. Christiania, 1846—1849. 4to. Jury-Institutionen i Storbritanien, Canada og de Forenede Stater of Amerika. Af Muneu Reever. I. Christiania, 1850. 8vo. Diplomatorium Norwegicum. Christiania, 1847. 8vo. Om den Spedalske sygdom Elephantiasis greecorum. Af C. W. Borcx. Chris- tiania, 1842. 8vo. Strengleikar eda Liodabok. 1850. 8vo. Pectinibranchiernes udvicklings historie et Suppl. 8vo. Oeuvres completes de N. H. Abel, Mathématicien, &. Tomel. 1839. Ato. Syphilisationsforsog. 1853. 8vo. pamph. Saga Olafs Konungs ens Helga. Udférligere Saga om Kong Olaf den hellige after det aeldste fuldstaendige pergaments handskrifti det store Kongelige Bibliothek i Stockholm. Udgivet after Foranstaltning af det Akademiske Collegium ved. det Kongelige norske Frederiks Universitet. Christiania, 1853. 8vo. Olaf Tryggresons Saga ved odd Munk. 8vo. Beretning om Kongeriget Norges oékonomische Tifstand 1846—1850. 1858. 8vo. Statistiske Tabeller. Ellerte Raeckke. 1853 (Oblong). NORWAY—DENMARK. 5 CHRISTIANIA. Physicgraphiske Forening. Nyt Magazin for Naturvidenskaberne. Udgives af den Physiographiske Forening i Christiania ved Cur. LAnapure, IV, 0, 1, 1v; V; VI,1, 0, 1v; VII; VII, I. Christiania, 1843—1853. 8vo. (From Roy. University of Chiistiania.) DRONTHEIM. Der Kongel. Norske Videnskabernes Selskab. Norges gamle Love indtil 1887. Jfélge offentlig Foranstaltning og Tillige med understittelse af det Kongelige Norske Videnskabers Selskab udgive ved R. Kuyser og P. A. Munco. I-III. Christiania, 1846—1849. 4to. Gaea norvegica, von mehreren Verfassern, herausgegeben von B, M. KerHav. — I, U, 11. Mit sieben Tafeln. Christiania, 1888—1850. Folio. Fauna littoralis Norvegiae, oder Beschreibung und Abbildungen neuer oder wenig bekannten Sceethiere, nebst Beobachtungen tiber die Organisation, Lebenweise und Entwickelung derselben von M. Sars. Erstes Heft. Christiania, 1846. - Folio. Bildrag til Pectinibranchiernes Udviklingshistorie, af Koren og DANIELSEN. Bergen, 1851. 8vo. & Suppl. DENMARK. COPENHAGEN. Kongelige Nordiske Oldskrift Selskab. ; Tidsskrift for Nordisk Oldkyndighed, udgivet af det Nordiske Oldskrifiselskab. Ty Kjébenhavn, 1826. 8vo. Antiquarisk Tidsskrift, udgivet af det Kongelige Nordiske Oldskrift-Selskab. 1843 —1845; 1846—1848; 1849—1851. Kjobenhavn, 1845, 1847, & 1852. 8vo. Nye Samling of Danske Norsee og Tslandske Jubel-Laerere, &c. I, 1779; II, 1, 1781; I, u, 1788; II, 1, 1786. Kjébenhavn. Ato. Nordisk Kirke Tidende for aaret, 1833. I—VI. Aarg. 1833—1838. Kjében- hayn. 4to. Danske Magazin, indeholdende Allehaande Smaa-Stykker og Anmeerkninger till Historiens og Sprogets Oplysning. I—VI. Udgivet af det Kongelige Danske Selskab til den Nordiske Histories og Sprogs Forbedring. Kiobenhavn, 1745— 1752. Ato. Nye Danske Magazin, &c. &. I—V. Kiobenhavn, 1794—1827. 4to. Brage og Jdun, et Nordisk Fjaerdingarsskrift, udgivet, med Bistand af Danske Svenske og Normaend, af FREDERIK Barron. I, 1839; III & IV, 1840 & 1841, V, 1, 1842. Kjobenhayn. 8vo. Socicté royale des Antiquaires du Nord. 1888—1842. 8vo. 6 PUBLICATIONS OF LEARNED SOCIETIES. COPENHAGEN. Kongelige Nordiske Oldskrift Selskab.— Continued. Mémoires de la Société royale des Antiquaires du Nord. 1836—1839; 1840— 1844; 1845—1849. Copenhagen. 8vo. Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskabs Historie i dets forste Aarhun- drede. 1742—1842. AfC.MousBecx. Kjébenhavn, 1848. 8vo. Annaler for Nordisk Oldkyndighed, udgivne af det Kongelige Nordiske Oldskri/t- Selskab. 1836—1850. Kjobenhayn. 8vo. Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab. Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes-Selskabs Krivter for aar 1800—1812. I—VI. Kjobenhayn, 1800—1818. Ato. Det Kongelige Norske Videnskabersselskabs Skrifter i det 19de Aarhundrede. I, 1817; Il, 1824-27. Kjcebenhavn. 4to. Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskabs Philosophiske og Historislke Afhandlinger. I—VII. Kjébenhayn, 1823—1845. 4to. Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskabs Naturwidenskabelige og Mathe- matiske Afhandlinger. I—XII. Kjébenhavn, 1824—1846. Ato. Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskabs Skrifter. Femte Raekke. His- torisk og Philosophiske Afdeling. I. Kjébenhayn, 1852. Ato. Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskabs Skrifter. Femte Raekke. Na- turvidenskabelig og Mathematisk-Afdeling. I—III. Kjébenhavn, 1849—1853. Ato. Oversigt over det Kgl. Danske Videnskabernes Selskabs Forhandlinger og dets Medlemmers Arbeider i aaret, 1842—1853. Af Selskabets Secretair H. C. OrstEpD, 1842—1850; G. ForscoHAmmMeER, 1843—1854. Kjobenhavn. 8vo. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra den Naturhistoriske Forening i Kjébenhavn for aarene 1849 og 1850. Udgivne af Selskabets Bestyrelse. Kjdbenhayn. 8vo. For aaret, 1851. a 1852. Tables du Soleil, &e. 1858. Ato. Skandinaviske Naturforskeres Forsamling. Forhandlingar vid det af Skandinaviska Naturforskare och Likare Hallna Méde J. Gotheborg. Ar. 1839. Gdtheborg, 1840. 8vo. Forhandlinger vel de Skandinaviska Naturforskeres andet Méde, der holdtes i Kjobenhavn fra den 3de til den 9de Juli 1840. Kjébenhayn, 1841. 8vo. Id. Femte Méde, der Kidbenhavn fra den 12te til den 17de Juli 1847. Kidben- hayn, 1849. 8vyo. | Om Sundhedsvoesenet ombord paa danske Kerigssiahe. Kt Foredrag ved de Skan- dinaviske Naturforskeres Sammenkomst i Stockholm i Juli 1851, af Dr. F. B. Mansa, Kidbenhayn. 8vo. Miscellanea. Iduna. En Skrift for den Nordiska Fornalderns Alskare. I—X. Stockholm, 1811—1824, 12mo. , RUSSIA. 7 Miscellanea.— Continued. Skinir, ny tidindi hins tslenzka Békmentafelags. I—XII. Argdng. 1827—1838. Kaupmannahofn, 1827—18388. 8yo. Rik pess Islenzka Laerdéms-lista Felags. I—XIV. 1780—1793. Kaupman- nah6fn, 1781—1796. 12mo. Det Skandinayiske Litteratur Selskabs Skrifter. I—XXIII. Kjiébenhayn, 1805 —1832. 12mo. Tidsskrift for Landoekonomie. Udgivet af J.C. Harp. I—VII. Kjébenhavn, 1831—1839. 8vo. Bidrag til Kundskab om de danske Provindsers naevaerende Tilstand i oekono- misk Henseende. I—IX. Kjébenhayn, 1826—1837. 8vo. (Pat VIT is wanting.) Veterinair-Selskabets Schrifter. I—III. Kjébenhayn, 1808—1818. 8vo. Skandinavisk Museum, ved et Selskab. 1798, 1; 1800; 1802; 1803, 1. Kjo- benhayn. 12mo. (Part IT, 1798, and Part II, 1808, are wanting.) RUSSIA. DORPAT. Gelehrte Estnische Gesellschaft zu Dorpat. Verhandlungen der Gelehrten Estnischen Gesellschaft zu Dorpat. I, 1842-46; II, 1847-52; III, 1, 1854. Dorpat und Leipzig. 8vo. Observatoire Imperial. Beobachtungen der Kaiserlichen Universitiits-Sternwarte zu Dorpat von Dr. J. H. Mapuer. XII. Dorpat, 1850. 4to. HELSINGFORS. Societas Scientiarum Fennica. Notiser ur Siillskapets pro Fauna and Flora Fennica Forhandlingar. Bitrang til Acta Societatis Scientiarum Fennicae. I, 1848; II, 1852. Helsingfors. 4to. Sveriges Rikes Stadslag. Ofversiittning pa Finska spraket af Lsunco THomag, pa Finska Vetenskaps-Societatens bekostnad utgifven af Wilh. Gabr. Lagus. Helsingfors, 1852. 4to. ‘ Sveriges Rikes Landslag, Stadfiistad af Konung Christopher ar 1442, ofversiittning pa Finska spraket af Liunco Toman; pa Finska Vetenskaps-Societatens bekostnad utgifven af Wilh. Gabr. Lagus. Helsingfors, 1852. to. Acta Societatis Scientiarum Fennicae. I, 1842; II, 1, u, 1847; IJ, 1852. Hel- singforsiae. 4to. 8 PUBLICATIONS OF LEARNED SOOCIETIRES. MITTAU. Kurlandische Gesellschaft fur Literatur und Kunst. Arbeiten der Kurlindischen Gesellschaft fiir Literatur und Kunst. I—X. Mitau, 1847—1851. 8vo. ; Jahresverhandlungen der Kurlindischen Gesellschaft fiir Literatur und Kunst. I. Mitau, 1819. Ato. Sendungen der Kurlindische Gesellschaft fiir Literatur und Kunst. I, 1845; III. Mitau, 1847. 4to. MOSCOW. Societe Imperiale des Naturalistes de Moscou. Nouveaux Mémoires de la Société Impériale des Naturalistes de Moscou. Tome TX, formant le XVe de la collection. Moscou, 1851. 4to. Bulletin de la Société Impériale des Naturalistes de Moscou. XXII, 1849; KOXTIE iv, L850 XOX Ve ru, 1S ail XOXGV arena lie ye NeXOV EL SI Soe Moscou. 8vo. ST. PETERSBURG. Academie Imperiale des Sciences. Commentarii Academiae Scientiarum Imperialis Petropolitanae. I—XIV. 1726 —1746. Petropoli, 1728—1751. 4to. Novi Commentarii Academiae Scientiarum Imperialis Petropolitanae. I—XX. 1748—1775. Petropoli, 1750—1776. 4to. Acta Academiae Scientiarum Imperialis Petropolitanae. Pro anno 1777—1782. Petropoli, 1778—1786. 4to. Nova Acta Academiae Scientiarum Imperialis Petropolitanae. I—XIII, 1783— 1796. Petropoli, 1787—1802. Ato. Mémoires présentés 4 l’Académie Impériale des Sciences de St. Pétersbourg par divers savans et lus dans ses séances. I, 1831; I], 1835; IIT, 1837: IV, 1—y, 1837-48; V, 1846; VI, 1, , 10, v, vi, 1846-51. St. Pétersbourg. Ato. (Vol. LV, livr. 6, and Vol. VI, livr. 4, wanting.) Mémoires de Académie Impériale des Sciences de St. Pétersbourg. Vle série. Sciences politiques, Histoire, Philologie. I, 1832; V, 1845; VI, 1844; VII, I—v, 1843-47. St. Pétersbourg. 4to. (Vols. I, I, LV, VIL, livr. 6, et seg. wanting.) Vie série. Sciences mathématiques, physiques, et naturelles. Premiére partie. Sciences mathématiques et physiques. I, u1—v1; I, 1v—vy1; III, 1— mrt; IV, 1850; V, 1853. St. Pétersbourg. 4to. (Vol. L, ivr. 1 and 2; I, hr. 1, 2, and 3; LL, livr. 4, 5, and 6, and titles to Vol. IV; are wanting.) Vie. Sciences mathématiques, physiques, et naturelles. Seconde partie. Sciences naturelles. J, 1835; II, 1, u, 1v, v, vi, 1886-38; III, 1, 1, 101, V, VI, 1839-40; IV, 1845; V, 1849; VI, 1, 1, 11, 1v, 1848-49. St. Pétersbourg. Ato. (Vol. IT, livr. 8; vol. IIL, livr. 4; vol. VI, livr. 5 and 6, et seq. wanting.) RUSSIA. 9 ST. PETERSBURG. Academie Imperiale des Sciences.— Continued. Bulletin de la classe physico-mathématique de l’Académie impériale des Sciences de St. Pétersbourg. I, 1848; II, 1844; III, 1845; IV, 1845; V, 1847; VI, 1848; VII, 1849; TX, 1851; X, 1852. St. Pétersbourg et Leipzig. 4to. (Vol. VIIT wanting.) Bulletin de la classe historico-philologique de |’Académie impériale des Sciences de St. Pétersbourg. I, 1844; II, 1845; III, 1847; IV, 1848; V, 1848; VI, 1849; VII, 1850; VIII, 1851; IX, 1852; X, 1853. St. Pétersbourg et Leipzig. 4to. (Wanting, title to vol. IIT.) Résumé des observations météorologiques faites dans I’étendue de l’empire de Russie et déposées aux archives météorologiques de ]’Académie des Sciences, publiées sous les auspices et aux frais de Académie des Sciences par A. T. Kuprrer. ler Cahier. St. Pétersbourg, 1846. 4to. Kais. Russ. Mineralogische Gesellschaft. Schriften der in St. Petersburg gestifteten Russisch-Kaiserlichen Gesellschaft fiir die gesammte Mineralogie. J, 1,1. St. Petersburg, 1842. 8vo. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Russischen Mineralogischen Gesellschaft zu St. Petersburg. Jahrg. 1842—1850. St. Petersburg. 8vo. L’Etat Major du Corps des Ingenieurs des Mines de Russie. Annuaire du Journal des Mines de Russie. Introduction et travaux statistiques. Années 1835, 1886, 1837, 1838, 1839, 1840, 1841, 1842. St. Pétersbourg, 1840-45. 8vo. Annuaire météorologique et magnétique du corps des Ingénieurs des Mines, ou Recueil d’observations météorologiques et magnétiques faites dans 1’étendue de l’empire de Russie, &. Année 1845. St. Pétersbourg, 1848. 4to. Observatoire Physique Central de Russie. Annales de l’Observatoire physique central de Russie. Année 1847 (1850); 1848, 1, 11, mt (1851); 1849, 1, u, m1 (1852). St. Pétersbourg. 4to. Compte rendu annuel adressé 4 Mr. le Comte Wrontchenko, ministre des finances, par le directeur de l’Observatoire physique central, A. T. Kuprrer. Année 1850, 1851, 1852. St. Pétersbourg, 1851-2-3. 4to. Observations météorologiques faites 4 Nijné-Taguilsk (Monts-Ourals), gouvernement de Perm. Années 1848, 1849, 1850, 1851. Paris, 1850, 1852. 8vo. (1850 and 1851 from Prince Demidoff.) 10 PUBLICATIONS OF LEARNED SOCIETIES. HOLLAND. AMSTERDAM. Koninklijk Nederlandsche Instituut. Verhandelingen der Herste Klasse van het Koninklijk-Nederlandsche Instituut van Wetenschappen, Letterkunde en Schoone Kunsten, te Amsterdam. Derde Reeks. I—Y. Amsterdam, 1848—1852. Ato. Tijdschrift voor de wis- en natuurkundige Wetenschappen, uitgegeven door de Kerste Klasse van het Koninklijk-Nederlandsche Instituut van Wetenschappen, Letterkunde en Schoone Kunsten. I, 1848; IT, 1849; III, 1850; IV, 1851; V, 1852. Amsterdam. 8vo. Jaarboek van het Koninklijk-Nederlandsche Instituut van Wetenschappen, Letter- kkunde en Schoone Kunsten, voor 1850 & 1851. Amsterdam, 1850, 1852. 8vo. Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen (Konini:.-Nederl. Instituut). Verhandelingen der Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen. I. Met Platen. Amsterdam, 1854. 4to, Verslagen en Mededeelingen der Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen. Jaarg. I; I], 1,1. Amsterdam, 1853, 1854. 8vo. Genootschap Natura Artis Magistra. Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde. 1—y. Amsterdam, 1848—1852. Folio. HAARLEM. Hollandsche Maatschappij der Wetenschappen. Natuurkundige Verhandelingen van de Hollandsche Maatschappij der Weten- schappen te Haarlem. Tweede Verzameling. VI, VII. Leiden, 1850. VIII— X. Haarlem, 1853—1854. 4to. Historische en Letterkundige Verhandelingen van de Hollandsche Maatschappij der Wetenschappen te Haarlem. I. Haarlem, 1851. 4to. LA HAYE. Royal Library. (See Breslaw K. L. C. Akad. der Naturf.) Tafereel der algemeene Geschiedenissen van de veréénigde Nederlanden, gevolgd naardt fransch van den Heere A. M. Curitster. I—IX. Utrecht, 1787. S8vo. Staat-kundig Nederland. Door J. ScHELLEMA. 1805—1806. (8 vols.) “8yo. HOLLAND. 1l LA HAYHE. Royal Library.— Continued. Recuéil van alle de Placaaten, Ordonnantien, Resolutien, Instructien, Lysten en Waarschouwingen, betreffende de Admiraliteiten, Convoyen, Licenten, en ver- dere Zee-Saaken. I—XI(1597—1771). Gravenhage, 1730—1773. 4to. Generale Index over de elf Declen van het Recuéil der Placaaten, &. &e. Na Ordre der respective Jaare en Datums gesteld, beginnende met den Jaare 1492 tot den Jaare 1771, inclusive. Gravenhage, 1778. 4to. Recuéil historique d’actes, négociations mémoires et traités. Depuis la paix d’Utrecht jusqu’ 4 présent (1730). Par Mr. Roussen. La Haye, 1728—1702. (20 tom. bound in 10 vols.) 12mo. LEYDEN. Academia Lugduno-Batava. Annales Academiz Lugduno-Batave. 1815—1837. Lugduni Batavorum (1817 —1838). 4to. ; Annales Academici, 18837—1840. Hagae Comitis (1840-42).. (8 vols.) 4to. Lugduni Batavorum, 1840-49 (1851); 1849-50 (1854). MIDDELBURG. Zeeuwsch Genootschap der Wetenschappen. Nieuwe Verhandelingen van het Zeeuwsch Genootschap der Wetenschappen. I—V. Middelburg, 1807—1835. 8vo. Uitgezogte Verhandelingen uit de Nieuwste Werkenrau de Socicteiten der We- tenschappen in Europa en van andere geleerde Mannen met naauwkeurige Afbeeldingen. I—X. Amsterdam, 1756—1765. 8vo. ROTTERDAM. Bataafsch Genootschap der proefondervindelijke Wijsbegeerte te Rotterdam. Verhandelingen yan het Bataafsch Genootschap der proefondervindelijke Wijsbe- geerte te Rotterdam. I—XII. Rotterdam, 1774—1798. 4to. Nieuwe Verhandelingen van het Bataafsch Genootschap der proefondervindelijke Wijsbegeerte te Rotterdam. I, 1800; IV, 1806; V—X, 1810—1850; XII, J, 1851. Amsterdam. 4to. (Wanting, Vols. II—IIL, XT, and continuation from the 2d part of Vol. XIT inclusive.) UTRECHT. Provinciaal Utrechtsch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. Verhandelingen van het provinciaal Utrechtsch Genootschap van Kunsten en We- tenschappen. I—IX. 1781—1801. Utrecht. 8vo. Nieuwe Verhandelingen van het provinciaal Utrechtsch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. I—XV. 1822—1845. Utrecht. 8vo. Aanteekeningen van het verhandelde in de Sectievergaderingen van het provinciaal Utrechtsch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen, ter Gelegenheid van de algemeene Vergadering gehounden in het Jaren 1845, 1846, 1847, 1848, 1849, 1850, 1851. Utrecht, 1846—1852. 8vo. 12 PUBLICATIONS OF LEARNED SOCIETIES. UTRECHT. Provinciaal Utrechtsch Genootschap, etc. Uitkomsten der meteorologische Waarnemingen gedaan in 1849 en 1850, te Utrecht, en op eenige andere Plaatsen in Nederland. Met Andersteuning van het provinciaal Utrechtsch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. Utrecht, 1851. to. Annales Academie Rheno-Trajectine, 1815—1837. Trajecti ad Rhenum, 1817— 1837. 8vo. Historisch Genootschap. Berigten van het Historisch Genootschap te Utrecht. I—IV. Utrecht, 1846— 1851. 8vo. Kronijk van het Blissentscln Gezelschap te Utrecht. Jaarg. II—V, 1846—1849. Kronijk van het Historisch Genootschap gevestigd te Utrecht. 'Tweede series. Jaarg. VI—IX, 1850—1853. Utrecht. 8vo. Codex diplomaticus Neerlandicus. Verzameling van Oorkonde, betrekkelijk de Vaderlandsche Geschiedenis. Uitgegeven door het Historisch Gezelschap ge- vestigd te Utrecht. JI. In twee Afdeelingen. Utrecht, 1848. Ato. Codex diplomaticus Neerlandicus. Verzameling van Oorkonde, betrekkelijk de ~ Vaderlandsche Geschiedenis. Uitgegeven door het Mistorisch Genootschap gevestigd te Utrecht. Tweede serie. I. Utrecht, 1852. 8yo. GERMANY. Versammlung deutscher Naturforscher und Aerzte. Amtlicher Bericht tiber die Versammlung deutscher Naturforscher und Aerzte zu Berlin in September, 1828. Berlin, 1829. Idem in Heidelberg, im September, 1829. ¢ in Hamburg, ‘ 1830. in Wien, a 1832. zu Breslau, OSS 33: zu Stuttgart, ee 1834. mu Jena, we 1836. in Prag, et 1837. in Freiburg, fe 1838. zu Hrlangen, 4 1840. zu Braunschweig, Me 1841. zu Mainz, is 1842. in Gratz, i 1843. in Kiel. ‘ 1846. (Purchased.) GERMANY. 13 ALTENBURG. Pomologische Gesellschaft Mittheilungen aus dem Oesterlande. Gemeinschaftlich herausgegeben von dem Kunst-und Handwerks- Vereine, der Naturforschenden und der Pomologischen Gesellschaft zu Altenburg. I—XI. Altenburg, 1837—1852. 8vo. ALTONA. Schleswig-Holstein-Lauenburgische Gesellschaft fur Vaterlendische Ge- schichte. Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte des Landes-Wirthmarschen. Gesammelt im Namen der Schleswig-Holstein Lauenburgischen Gesellschaft fiir vaterlandische Geschichte; herausgegeben von A. L. J. MICHELSEN. Altona, 1834. to. Archiv fiir Staats und Kirchengeschichte der Herzogthiimer Schleswig-Holstein, Lauenburg und der angrenzenden Linder und Stidte. Namens der S. H. L. Gesellschaft fiir vaterliindische Geschichte; redigirt von MICHELSEN und ASMUSSEN. I—YV. Altona, 1838843. 8yo. BERLIN. Denkmiiler aus Aegypten und Aethiopien nach den Zeichnungen der von seiner Majestiit dem Kénige von Preussen Friedrich Wilhelm IV nach diesen Liindern gesendeten und in den Jahren 1842—1845 ausgefiihrten wissenschaftlichen Expedition; auf Befehl seiner Majestiit herausgegeben und erliutert von C. R. Lepsius. I—y. Berlin. Darstellungen aus den Evangelien nach vierzig original Zeichnungen von I'RIEDR. OVERBECK. I—IX. Diisseldorf. Dom zu Drontheim. Mrnvtou, Folio. Sechs Entwiirfe zu Darstellungen aus Tasso’s befreiten Jerusalem. CORNELIUS. ~ 1843. Architectonische Entwiirfe fiir den Umbau vorhandener Gebiude. Prrsius. Potsdam, 1849. Folio. Das Neve Museum in Berlin. Sruber. 1. 1853. Folio. (From the King of Prussia.) Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft. Zeitschrift der Deutschen geologischen Gesellschaft. I—IV; V,1, u, 11. Berlin, 1849—1853. 8vo. Gesellschaft fur Erdkunde. Monatsberichte iiber die Verhandlungen der Gesellschaft fiir Hrdkunde zu Berlin. Redigirt von J. LEHMANN und WiLH. MAHLMANN. Jahrg. I—IV, 1839—43. Berlin. 8yo. Idem. Neue Folge. I—X, 1844—1858. Zeitschrift fiir allgemeine Erdkunde. Mit Unterstiitzung der Gesellschaft fiir Erdkunde zu Berlin und unter besonderer Mitwirkung von H. W. Dove, C. G. Ehrenberg, H. Kiepert, und C. Ritter in Berlin, K. Andree in Bremen, A. Petermann ] 14 PUBLICATIONS OF LEARNED SOCIETIES. BERLIN. Gesellschaft fur Erdkunde.— Continued. in London, und J. C. Wappaus in Gottingen; herausgegeben von Dr. J. H. Gumprecur. I, II, 11l,1, 0,11, 1v. Berlin, 1853 u. 1854. 8vo. Physikalische Gesellschaft. Die Fortschritte der Physik im Jahr 1845. Dargestellt von der Physikalischen Gesellschaft zu Berlin. I Jahrg. (1847); ILI—V (1850—1858). Berlin. 8vo. (Jahrg. IT, wanting.) Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde. Der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin Neue Schriften. EHrster Band. Berlin, 1795. Ato. (Purchased.) Kenigliches Landes Giconomie Collegium. Annalen der Landwirthschaft in den KG6niglich Preussischen Staaten. Heraus- gegeben vom Presidiwm des Konigl. Landes-@iconomie-Collegiums, und redigirt von dem General-Secretair desselben, Dr. ALEXANDER VON La&NGERKE. Jahre. X, 1852; XI & Suppl. 1853. (XIX, XX, XXI& XXII) Berlin. 8vo. Keniglich Preussische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin. Abhandlungen der Koniglichen Academie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin. Aus dem Jahre 1822—1853. Berlin, 1825—1854. to. Bericht tiber die zur Bekanntmachung geeigneten Verhandlungen der Koénigl. Preuss. Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin. Aus dem Jahre 1848, 1849, 1850, 1851, 1852, 1853, 1854, Januar—Juli. Berlin. 8vo. Astronomisches Jahrbuch fiir das Jahr 1803. Nebst einer Sammlung der neuesten in die astronomischen Wissenschaften einschlagenden Abhandlungen, Beo- bachtungen und Nachrichten. Mit Genehmhaltung der Konig]. Akademie der Wissenschaften berechnet und herausgegeben von J. H. Bop. Berlin, 1800. Syo. Astronomisches Jahrbuch fur das Jahr 1819, &c. 1816. « “ 1820, &e. 1817. « « 1821, &e. 1818. a a 1822, &e. 1819. « & 1823, &e. 1820. « ‘inte 1824, &e. 1821. « « SOR, Cie, LED, « “ 1826, &. LI. 1828. « «“ 1827, &e. LIT. 1824. « « 1828, &. LIT. 1825. “ « 1829, &. LIV. 1826. GERMANY. 15 BERLIN. Keniglich Preussische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin.— Continued. Berliner Astronomisches Jahrbuch fiir 1855. Mit Genehmhaltung der Kénig- lichen Akademie der Wissenschaften herausgegeben von J. F, ENcKE, unter Mitwirkung des Herrn Prof. Wotrers. Berlin, 1852. 8vo.’ Idem fiir 1856 (Der Sammlung Berliner Astronomischer Jahrbiicher ein und achtzigster (LXX XI.) Band). 1853. (The latter from Prof. Encke.) Verein zur Beferderung des Gartenbaues in den k. preussischen Staaten. Verhandlungen des Vereins zur Beférderung des Gartenbaues in den Kéniglich Preussischen Staaten. JI—XI, 1826—385; XII, 1, XIII, XIV, 1838, 1839, XV, 1, 1840; XVII, mu, 1844; XVITI—XXI, 1847—1853. Berlin. 4to. (Wanting, Vols. I, XII, u, XV, u, XVI, é X VIZ, 1.) Sach- und Namen-Register zu den Verhandlungen des Vereins zur Befirderung des Gartenbaues in den KGniglich Preussischen Staaten. Iter Band, zu der ersten bis einschliesslich ein und zwanzigsten Lieferung der Verhandlungen. Berlin, 1836. to. Verhandlungen des Vereins zur Beforderung des Gartenbaues in den Kéniglich Preussischen Staaten. Neue Reihe. Erster Jahrgang. 1853. Berlin. 8vo. Polytechnische Gesellschaft. Bericht iiber die Verhiiltnisse und die Wirksamkeit der Polytechnischen Gesell- schaft zu Berlin. Heft. I—VII (1839—1851). Als Manuscript gedruckt zur Kenntnissnahme fiir simmtliche einheimische und auswiirtige Mitglieder der Gesellschaft. Berlin, 1845—1851. 4to. Sach und Namenregister zu den ersten sieben Jahrgiingen der Berichte iiber die Verhiiltnisse und die Wirksamkeit der Polytechnischen Gesellschaft zu Berlin. Als Manuscript gedruckt zur Kenntnissnahme fiir siimmtliche einheimische und auswirtige Mitglieder der Gesellschaft. Berlin, 1848. 4to. Verhandlungen der Polytechnischen Gesellschaft. XIII Jahrg. (April 1851— April 1852). XIV (1852—1853); XV (1853—1854), Als Manuscript fiir die Mitglieder der Gesellschaft gedruckt. Berlin, 1852—1854. 4to. Alphabetisches Sachregister der wichstigsten technischen Journale fiir den Zeit- raum von 1 Januar 1847 bis 30 Juni 1854. Bearbeitet von Dr. PHILIPP. Fiir die Mitglieder der Polytechnischen Gesellschaft. Berlin, 1847—1854. 16mo, Verzeichniss der Mitglieder der Polytechnischen Gesellschaft in Berlin. Geschlos- sen im April 1853. Berlin, 1853. 16mo. Verzeichniss der Biicher und Zeitschriften in der Bibliothek der Polytechnischen Gesellschaft in Berlin. Geschlossen im April 1858. Berlin, 1853. 8vo. (See also Stenographischer Verein et seq.) 16 PUBLICATIONS OF LEARNED SOCIETIES. BERLIN. Stenographischer Verein: Anleitung zur deutscher Stenographie oder Kurzschrift, herausgegeben yon dem Stenographischen. Verein. 2u Berlin. Siebente, verbesserte Auflage. Berlin, 1853. 16mo.. (From the Polytechnische: Giesellschaft in Berlin.) Gesellschaft zur Befcrderung des Flachs und Hanfbaues in Preussen. Mittheilungen der Gesellschaft zur Beférderung des Flachs und Hanfbaues in Preussen. I—tv,.1851—1854. Berlin, 1851—1854. 8vo. (From the Polytechnische Giesellschaft in Berlin.) Miscellanea. Archiv ftir Naturgeschichte. Gegriindet von A. F.A.W1IEGMANN. In Verbindung mit Prof. Dr. Grisebach in Gottingen, Prof. von Siebold in Freiburg, Dr. Troschel in Berlin, Prof. A.. Wagner in Miinchen, und Prof. Rud Wagner in Gottingen, herausgegeben von Dr. W..F. Ericuson. Jahrg. XIII, XIV, 1847, 1848. Berlin. 8vo. Idem Fortgesetzt von W. I’. Ertcuson. In Verbindung mit Dr. Prof. Grisebach in Gottingen, Prof. Dr. von Siebold in Freiburg, Prof. A. Wagner in Miinchen, und Dr. Leuckart in Gottingen, herausgegeben von Dr. F. H. TRoscHen. Jahre. ~ XV—XVI, 1849—1851; 1, 1, m0, tv, vi, 1852; 1, 1, my, Iv, Vv, 1858; 1, 1 TW, Iy, 1854. Berlin. 8vo. Archiv fiir Mineralogie, Geognosie, Bergbau und Hiittenkunde. Herausgegeben von Dr. C. J. B. Karsten, I—X, 1829—1837; und Dr. H. v. DecHEn, XI— XXV,18388—1853; XXVI, 1, 1854. Berlin. 8vo, Archiv fiir Anatomie, Physiologie, und wissenschaftliche Medicin; in Verbindung mit mehreren Gelehrten herausgegeben von Dr. JoHANNES MutiER. Jahre. 1848—1851; 1852, 1, m, 11; 1853; 1854, 1, 1, m,1v, Vv. Berlin. 8vo. (Purehased.) BLANKENBERG. : Naturwissenschaftlicher Verein des Harzes. Bericht des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins des Harzes fiir die Jahre 1842-43 und 1843-44. 4to. Ditto. 1844-45. Ditto. 1846-47. Ditto. 1847-48. Ditto. 1848 und 1849. Ditto. 1851. BONN. Naturhistorischer Verein des preussischen Rheinlandes und Westphalens. Verhandlungen des Naturhistorischen Vereins des preussischen Rheinlandes und Westphalens. Jahrg. I—X, 1844—1858; XI,1, 1,1. Bonn. 8vo, | (Jahrg. VI, wanting.) GERMANY. li BONN. Naturhistorischer Verein der preussischen Rheinlandes und Westphalens.— Continued. Correspondenzblatt des Naturhistorischen Vereins der preussischen Rheinlandes und Westphalens, 1851, 1—1v; 1852, i—1v; 1853, 1—111; 1854, 1—111._ Bonn. 8yo. Kenigl. Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms Universitet. Astronomische Beobachtungen auf der Sternwarte der KGniglichen Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms Universitiit zu Bonn, angestellt und herausgegeben von Dr. FRIEDRICH WILHELM AuGUST ARGELANDER. Zweiter Band. Zonenbeobach- tungen am Sudhimmel. Bonn, 1852. 4to. (From the Author.) BRESLAU. Kaiserliche Leopoldinisch-Carolinische Akademie der Naturforscher. Miscellanea curiosa Medico-physica Academize Naturze Curiosorum, sive Epheme- ridum Medico-physicarum Germanicarum Curiosarum annus primus, anni scilicet MDCLXXmi.; continens celeberrimorum medicorum in et extra Germaniam Observationes Medicas et Physicas, vel Anatomicas, vel Botanicas, vel Patho- logicas,, vel Chirurgicas, vel Therapeuticas, vel Chymicas. Prefixa epistola invitatoria ad celeberrimos medicos Europ. Also Ann. II—X. Decurie I, Ann. I—X. Decuriew III, Ann. I—X. Lipsi, &. 1670—1706. 4to. (From the Royal Library, at the Hague.) Academize Cxesareo-Leopoldinze Nature Curiosorum Ephemerides sive Observa- tionum medico-physicarum a celeberrimis viris tum medicis tum aliis eruditis in Germania et extra eam communicatarum Centuria, I—X. Cum appendice et privilegio sacr. Cees. Majestatis. Francofurti et Lipsize, 1712—1722. to. (From the Royal Library, at the Hague.) Nova Acta (s. novorum actorum) physico-medica Academiz Czesarese Leopoldino- Carolinze Nature Curiosorum. X, 1, 1820; XI, 1828; XII, 1824-5; XIII, 1826- 7; XIV, 1828-9; Suppl. 1829; XV, 1831; XVI, 1832-38; XVII, 1835-6; Suppl. 1836; XVIII, 1836-8; Suppl. I, 1841; Suppl. I, 1841; XTX, 1839-42; Suppl. J, 1843; Suppl. IT, 1841; XX, 1848-4; XXI, 1845; Suppl. 1846; XXII, 1847- 50; Suppl. 1852; XXIII, 1851-2; XXIV, 1, 1854. Bonne & Vratislavie. Ato. Observatory. (See Breslau, Schlesische Gesellschaft fiir Vaterlindische Cultur.) Uranus oder tiigliche fiir Jedermann fassliche Uebersicht aller Himmelserschei- nungen im Jahre 1846. Glogau, 1845. 8vo. Idem, 1847." 1846. Idem, 1848. “ 1847. Resultate der von der Section fiir die Sudetenkunde im Jahre 1848, veranlasste meteorologischen Beobachtungen zu hypsometrischen und klimatologischen Zwecken. Tdem, 1845. 18 PUBLICATIONS OF LEARNED SOCIETIES. BRESLAU. Observatory.— Continued. Bericht tiber die Verhandlungen der Meteorologischen Section im Jahre 1852. Galle. 4to. : On the Use of a new Micrometer, &. BOoGULAWSKI. 4to. Schlesische Gesellschaft fur Vaterlendische Cultur. Uebersicht der Arbeiten und Verinderungen der Schlesischen Gesellschaft fiir vaterliindische Cultur im Jahre 1824—1849. Zur Kenntnissnahme fiir simmt- liche einheimische und auswirtige wirkliche Herrn Mitglieder der genannten Gesellschaft. Breslau, 1825—1850. 4to. Achtundzwanzigster—Dreissigster Jahresbericht der Schlesischen Gesellschaft fiir vaterlindische Kultur. Enthilt: Arbeiten und Veriinderungen der Gesell- schaft in den Jahren 1850—1852. Breslau. 4to. Denkschrift zur Feier ihres 50—jihrigen Bestehens, herausgegeben von der Sc/le- sischen Gesellschaft fiir vaterlindische Kultur. Breslau, 18538. Ato. Auszug aus der Uebersicht der Arbeiten und Verainderungen der Schlesischen Gesellschaft fiir vaterliindische Kultur im Jahre 1840—1841, 1842, 1843, 1844, 1845, 1846, 1847, 1848. Breslau. (11 pamphlets.) (From the Observatory, Breslau.) CASSEL. Journal fiir Ornithologie. Hin Centralorgan fiir die gesammte Ornithologie. Herausgegeben von Dr. JEAN CaBANIS. Jahrg. I, 1858. Cassel. 8vo. (Purchased.) DANTZIG. Waturforschende Gesellschaft. Neueste Schriften der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Danzig. I, 1—1v, 1820— 25; II, m1, 1827; 11, tv, 1831; III, u, 1889; 1v, 1842; IV, 1848—1851; V, 1, 1853. Danzig. 4to. (77,1; 1,1, 11; V, 1, ef seg. wanting.) DEIDESHEIM. Pollichia: Naturwissenschaftlicher Verein der bayerischen Pfalz. Erster Jahresbericht der Pollichia, eines Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins der Bay- erischen Pfalz. Herausgegeben von dem Ausschusse des Vereins. Landau, 1848. 8vo. Zweiter —— &c. Neustadt a.d. Haardt, 1844. Dritter a e a 1845. Vierter ue & oy 1846. Fiinfter o ct % 1847. Sechster a i a3 1848. Siebenter ne ss US 1849. Achter ce ie a 1850. Neunter us uF ce 1851. Zehnter ae e D 1852. GERMANY. 19 DRESDEN. Gesetzsammlung fiir das Keenigreich Sachsen vom Jahre 1818—1852. Dresden. 4to. Geognostiche Specialcharte des Kcenigreichs Sachsen. Kurze Uebersicht der auf Sectionen VI, VI, X, XI, XII, XIV, XV, XVI, XVIU, XIX, XX der geognostische Charte des Keenigreiches Sachsen und der angriin- zenden Liinderabtheilungen dargestellten Gebirgsverhiiltnisse. Dresden. 8vo. (From the King of Saxony.) Hedwigia. Ein Notizblatt fiir kryptogamische Studien. 1—rx, 1852—1854. Dresden, 8yo. EMDEN. Waturforschende Gesellschaft. Jahresbericht iiber die Verrichtungen und den Zustand der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Emden im Jahre 1842—1847. Emden, 1848—1848. 8vo. Jahresbericht iiber die Wirksamkeit und den Zustand, &c., im Jahre 1848—1852. Emden, 1849—1853. 8vo. Kleine nautische Ephemeriden fiir das Jahr 1846. Berechnet fiir den Meridian von Greenwich. Herausgegeben von H.C. BeGEMANN. Emden. 8vyo. Idem for 1847, 1848, 1849, 1850, 1851, 1852, 1858, and 1854. FRANKFURT AM MAIN. d Senckenbergische Naturforschende Gesellschaft. Museum Senckenbergianum. Abhandlungen aus dem Gebiete der beschreibenden Naturgeschichte. Von Mitgliedern der Senckenbergischen naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Frankfurt am Main. JI, 1834; II, 1837; II], 1845. Frankfurt am Main. 4to. Abhandlungen, herausgegeben von der Senckenbergischen naturforschenden Cesell- schaft. I,1. Frankfurt am Main, 1854. 4to. FREIBERG. Keeniglich-Sechsische Bergakademie. Kalender fiir den Siichsischen Berg und Hiittenmann auf das Jahr 1827. He- rausgegeben von der Kinigl. Bergakademie zw Freiberg. Dresden & Freiberg. 8yo. Idem for 1828—1851. Jahrbuch fiir den Berg- und Hiitten-mann auf den Jahr 1852. Herausgegeben und verlegt von der Kinigl. Bergakademie zu Freiberg. Freiberg, 8vo. Idem for 1853 & 1854. Magazin fiir die Oryktographie von Sachsen. Ein Beitrag zur mineralogischen Kenntniss dieses Landes und zur Geschichte seiner Mineralien. In freien Heften herausgegeben von JOHANN CARL FRIESLEBEN. I—Xv, 1828—1848. Extra- hefte, I—Iv, 18483—1848. Freiberg. 8vo. 20 PUBLICATIONS OF LEARNED SOCIETIES. GIESSEN. Oberhessische Gesellschaft fur Natur und Heilkunde. Zweiter Bericht der Oberhessischen Gesellschaft fiir Natur und Heilkunde. Gies- sen, 1849. 8vo. Dritter Bericht, &e. 1853. Vierter Bericht, &e. 1854. Jahresbericht tiber die Fortschritte der reinen, pharmaceutischen und technischen Chemie, Physik, Mineralogie und Geologie. Unter Mitwirkung von H. Buff, EL. Diefenbach, C. Ettling, F. Knapp, H. Will, F. Zamminer, herausgegeben von Justus Lizpicg und HERMANN Kopp. Giessen, 1847—1853. 8vo. (Purchased.) GQ@iRLITZ. Waturforschende Gesellschaft. Abhandlungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft zu Gorlitz. I—VI. Godrlitz, 1827—1851. 8vo. : GCATTINGEN. Kenigliche Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften. Abhandlungen der Koeniglichen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Géttingen. I—V. Gottingen, 1843—1853. Ato. Gottingische Gelehrte Anzeigen. Unter der Aufsicht der Koéniel. Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften. G6ttingen, 1841—1851. 12mo. GREIFSWALD. ; Archiv ftir Mathematik und Physik, mit besonderer Riicksicht auf die Bediirf- nisse der Lehrer an héheren Unterrichtsanstalten. Herausgegeben yon JoHANN AUGUST GRUNERT. XX, XXI, XXII, 1853-54; XXIII, 1, 1854. - Greifswald. 8yvo. (From Prof. J. A. Grunert.) Archiv skandinavischer Beitrige zur Naturgeschichte. Herausgegeben von CHRISTIAN FriepRIcH HornscHucu. I, II. Greifswald, 1845 u. 1850. 8vo. (Purchased.) K. P. Staats- u. Landwirthschaftl. Akademie Eldena. Jahrbiicher der KGniglich preussischen Staats- und Landwirthschaftlichen Acade- mie Eldena. I—II, 1848—1851; III, 1853. Greifswald. 8vo. HALLE. Jahrbuch der Chemie und Physik, als eine Zeitschrift des wissenschaftlichen Vereins * zur Verbreitung von Naturkenntniss und héherer Wahrheit; herausgegeben von Dr. J. 8S. C. ScHWEIGGER und Dr. Fr. W.SCHWEIGGER-SEIDEL. 1823, Ix, X, XI CX yt) 1625, i a S26. S27 a ie S28 oi eal III; 1829, I, 11, 1; Ill, m,1v. Halle. 8vo. (From Dr. J. 8S. C. Schweigger.) GERMANY. 21 HALLE. Allgemeine Monatsschrift fiir Literatur. Herausgegeben von Dr. L. Ross und Dr. G. Scowetscuxe. 1850, I, II; 1851, IJ; 1852, I, IL; & 1853, I, IL. Halle. 8vo. (Purchased. 1851, I, wanting.) Deutsche Morgenlendische Gesellschaft. Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenlindischen Gesellschaft. Herausgegeben von den Geschiiftsfiihrern. I—VII, 1847—1853; VIII, 1, m1, tv, 1854. Leipzig. S8vo. (Vol. VILL, 1, wanting.) Indische Studien. III, 1. Waturforschende Gesellschaft. Abhandlungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft zu Halle. I,1. Halle, 1853. 4to. WNaturwissenschaftlicher Verein in Halle. Jahresbericht des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins in Halle. Berlin. 8vo. Zweites Jahrg. vom Juni 1849—1850. Dritter Jahrg. 1850. Vierter “ 1851. Fiinfter “ 1852, 1—IVv. (Jahrg. I, VI, et seq. wanting.) Zeitschrift fiir die gesammten Naturwissenschaften. Herausgegeben von dem Na- turwissenschaftlichen Vereine fiir Sachsen und Thiiringen in Halle. I, vu, 1853. Halle. 8vo. Thuringisch-sechsischer Verein. Neue Mittheilungen aus dem Gebiete historisch-antiquarischer Forschungen. Im Namen des mit der KGnigl. Universitiit Halle- Wittenberg verbundenen Thii- ringisch-siichsischen Vereins fiir Erforschung des vaterlindischen Alterthums und Erhaltung seiner Denkmale herausgegeben von dem Secretair desselben, Dr. R. Ep. Forstemann. I, 1834; VII, 1846; VIII, 1, u, 1846 & 1848, Halle. 8vo. HAMBURG. Commerz Bibliothek. Tabellarische Uebersichten des Hamburgischen Handels im Jahre 1852. Pamph. folio. Katalog der Commerz-Bibliothek in Hamburg, 1841, 1844, 1847, 1850. (Four pamph.) 4to. Waturwissenschaftlicher Verein. Abhandlungen aus dem Gebiete der Naturwissenschaften, herausgegeben von dem Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereine in Hamburg. I, 1846; HU, u, 1852. Ham- burg. 4to. 92 PUBLICATIONS OF LEARNED SOCIETIES. HANNOVER. Kenigliche Bibliothek. Zur Statistik des Keenigreichs Hannover. Hefte 1, 11, 1, 1850-51. Hannover. Folio. Popular Nomenclature of the American Flora. B. SzemAn. Hannover, 1851. 8yo. Die in Kuropa eingefiihrten Acacien, &e. Hannover, 1852. 8vo. pamph. HEIDELBERG. Heidelberger Jahrbiicher der Literatur. Jahre. XXIII, XXIV, 1850 & 1851. Heidelberg. 8vo. (Purchased.) INNSBRUCK. Ferdinandeum. Zeitschrift des Ferdinandeums fiir Tirol und Vorrlbere. Herausgegeben von dem Verwaltungs-Ausschusse desselben. Dritte Folge. I,1—11. Innsbruck, 1853. 8vo. - Ferdinandeum. Fiinfundzwanzigster Jahresbericht des Verwaltungs-Ausschusses von 1851—1852. 8vo. Neue Zeitschrift des Ferdinandeums fiir Tirol und Vorarlberg. I—XII, 1835— 1846. 8yo. Erliuterungen zur geognostichen Karte Tirols, &c., 1853. 4to. University Library. Jahrbuch des Naturhistorischen Landesmuseums von Kirnten. Herausgegeben von J. L. Canavan. 1852, 1853. Klagenfurt, 1852 & 1853. 8yo. (Jahrg. III et seq. wanting.) JENA. Grossherzogl. herzogl. sachs. Gesammt-Universitat. Annales Academie Jenensis. I. Jenz, 1823. “Ato. _ KARLSRUHE. Grossherzogliche Hofbibliothek. Zeitschrift fiir die Geschichte des Oberrheins. Herausgegeben von dem Landes- archive zu Karlsruhe, durch den Direktor desselben, F. J. Monn. I—III, 1850—1853; TV,1,u, m1. Karlsruhe. 8vo. ; Flora badensis. GmeEtin. I—IV, 1805—1826. Carlsruhe. 8vo. Uebersicht der Strafrechtspflege im Herzogsthum Baden, wihrend des Jahres 1829. Carlsruhe. 4to. Also 1880, 1831, and 1834—1847. Quellensammlung der badischen Landesgeschichte. I, 1, 11, m1; IT, 1, 1. Carlsruhe. 4to. Uebersicht der Civilrechtspflege im Grossherzogsthum Baden wiihrend des Jahres 1840 bis einschliesslich 1848. Carlsruhe, 1848. 4to. GERMANY. 23 KARLSRUHE. Grossherzogliche Hofbibliothek.— Continued. Amtliche Beitriige zur Statistik der Staatsfinanzen des Grossherzogthums Baden. Karlsruhe, 1851. 4to. KIEL. University Library. Schleswig-Holsteinisches Schulblatt. Herausgegeben von C, U. Mauer. I—VI. Jahrg. 1839—1844. Oldenburg in Holstein. 12mo. Erster Bericht der Kénigl. Schleswig-Holstein-Lauenburgischen Gesellschaft fiir die Sammlung und Erhaltung vaterliindischer Alterthiimer. Erstattet von dem Vorstande gedachter Gesellschaft. Kiel, 1836. 8vo. Zweiter Bericht, 1837. Eilfter Bericht, 1846. Vierter i839. Zwolfter mals ie Fiinfter “ 1840. Dreizehnter “ 1848. Sechster ton AS41, Vierzehnter “ 1849. Achter « 1843. Fiinfzehnter “ 1850. Urkundensammlung der Schleswig-Holstein-Lauenburgischen Gesellschaft fiir vaterliindische Geschichte. I, 1839—49; IT, 1, 1842, m, 1848. Kiel. 4to. Nordalbingische Studien. Neues Archiv der Schleswig-Holstein-Lauenburgischen Gesellschaft fiir vaterliindische Geschichte. I—V, 1844—1850; VI, 1, 1851. Kiel. 8yvo. K@NIGSBERG. Observatory. Astronomische Beobachtungen, &. xxv, 1852. Folio pamph. Systematisches Verzeichniss der in der Kénigl. Universitit Sternwarte zu Kénigs- berg enthaltenen Biicher. Kénigsberg, 1852. 8vo. pamph. Kénigsberger Naturwissenschaftliche Unterhaltungen. I, 1847; I, 1, 1848, n, 1851, 11, 1852. Neue Folge. 1, 1854. K@nigsberg. 8vo. LEIPZIG. Allgemeine Literatur-Zeitung vom Jahre 1849. Erster Band. Januar bis Juni. Halle und Leipzig. Ato. Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Zweite Reihe. Herausgegeben zu Berlin von J.C. Poagenporrr. I—XXVII, 1834—1842. Leipzig. 8vo. (Vol. XIX wanting.) Idem. Dritte Reihe. XIJI—XXX, 1848—1853. Ergiinzungsband I, III, IV, I, Il. . Wiochentliche Unterhaltungen fiir Dilettanten und Freunde der Astronomie, Geo- graphie, und Witterungskunde. Herausgegeben von Dr. G. A. Jann, Jahrg. I—VIII, 1847—1854. Leipzig. 8vo. Wanting, 1850, title, index, and No. vit. 1851, £ XXII, XXXVI—XXXIX. 18538, 0, XXXII. 1854, viI—XI, XXVII—Xxx. (Purchased.) 94 PUBLICATIONS OF LEARNED SOCIETIES. LEIPZIG. Serapeum Zeitschrift fiir Bibliothekwissenschaft, Handschriftenkunde und iiltere Litteratur. Im Vereine mit Bibliothekaren und Literaturfreunden herausge- geben von Dr. Ropert NAvMANN. Jahrg. I—XIV, 1840—1858; XV, 1—x1x, 1854. Leipzig. 8vo. Anzeiger fiir Bibliographie und Bibliothekwissenschaft. (Deutschlands und des Auslandes.) Dresden und Leipzig, 1840—1847. Halle, 1848—1854. ~ 8vo. (Wanting, 1853, v, v1; 1854, 1—x.) Zeitung fiir Zoologie, Zootomie, und Palzeontologie. Herausgegeben von Dr. H.. p’ALToN, und Dr. H. BurMEIsTER. Jahrg. 1848,1,u. Leipzig. Ato. Akademische Monatsbericht. Centralorgan fiir die Gezammtinteressen deutscher Universitiiten. Herausgegeben under der Mitwirkung der Herren Professoren Dr. Bluhme in Bonn, Dr. Biilau, Dr. Hrdmann in Leipzig, Dr. Hoffmann in Wiirzburg, Hofrath Dr. Oppolzer in Wien, Geheim Rath Dr. V. Vangeron in Heidelberg, und anderer akademischer Lehrer von Dr. J. J. Lana und Dr. H. Tx. ScouerrerR. Der “Deutschen Universitits-Zeitung,” Jahrg. III, 1851; IV, 1852; V, 1853 (sign. 15 and 16 wanting); V1, 1, , m1, 1854. Leipzig. 8yo. Zeitschrift fiir wissenschaftliche Zoologie. Herausgegeben von CARL THEODOR. vy. SIEBOLD und ALBERT KéLiikeR. I—IV, 1849—18538; V, 1, u, m1; VI, 1,1. Leipzig. 8vo. (Purchased.) Zeitschrift fiir die Entomologie. Herausgegeben von HrNst FRIEDRICH GERMAR. II, 1. Leipzig, 1840. 8vo. (From Prof. Jaeger.) Kceniglich Sachsische Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften. Abhandlungen der Kéniglich Siachsischen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften. I, II (I, herausgegeben von der Fiirstlich Jablonowskischen Cesellschaft, 1846; II, Abhand. der Philologisch-Historischen Classe, 1850). Leipzig. 8vo. Berichte tiber die Verhandlungen der Kéniglich Siichsischen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig. I, II. Aus dem Jahren 1846, 1847—1848. Leip- zig. 8yo. Philologisch-Historische Classe. I—V. Leipzig, 1849—1853. 8vo. Mathematisch-physische Classe. Jahrg. 1849; 1850, 1851, 1852, 1858. I, II. Leipzig. 8vo. University Library. Leipziger Repertorium der deutschen und auslindischen Literatur. Unter Mit- wirkung der Universitit Leipzig. Herausgegeben von Dr. H. G. GERSDORF. Jalbre. VAL, T= Ves) Ve TV = AGT, TV XG ie sna NCTE AV ie XII, I, I, I, IV,1, 0. 1849—1854. Leipzig. 8vo, (Wanting, Jahrg. I—VI; LX, III; X, I, 1.) GERMANY. — D5 MARBURG. Gesellschaft zur Befwrderung der gesammten Naturwissenschaften. Schriften der Gesellschaft zur Beférderung der gesammten Naturwissenschaften zu Marburg. I—VII. Marburg, 1823-1849. 8vo. MEISSEN. Isis. Chronik des Gartenwesens und Feuilleton der Isis. (Chas. A. Geyer.) Jahrg. 1851 & 1852. Meissen. 4to. Geologische Karten der Umgegend von Meissen. Mit Erliuterung. Tu, DénneR. Ueber die verderblichen Folgen riicksichtsloser Zerstérung natir- licher Landes-stiinde. 1851. 8vo. MERSEBURG. Central Direction fur die Provinz Sachsen. Zeitschrift des landwirthschaftlichen Central-Vereins der Provinz Sachsen. Jahrg. IX.& X. Bedra und Halle. 1852 & 1853. 8vo. MUNICH. Keeniglich Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften. Abhandlungen der Churfiirstlich-baierischen Akademie der Wissenschaften. I— X. 1763—1776. Miinchen. 4to. (From the Kinigliche Hof- und Staats- Bibliothek.) Gelehrte Anzeigen. Herausgegeben von Mitgliedern der K. bayer. Akademie der Wissenschaften. VIII—XXXVIII. 1839—1854. Miinchen. Ato. Abhandlungen der Philosophisch-philologischen Classe der KGniglich bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften. I—VI, 1835—1852; VII, 1, 1853. Miinchen. 4to. Abhandlungen der Mathematisch-physikalischen Classe der Kéniglich bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften. I—VI, 18832—1852; VII, 1, 1853. Miinchen. 4to. Abhandlungen der Historischen Classe der Kéniglich bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften. I—VI, 1838—1852; VII, 1, 1853. Miinchen. 4to. Bulletin der Kénigl. Akademie der Wissenschaften. Jahrg. 1847 — 1853. Miinchen. 4to. Kenigliche Hof- und Staats-Bibliothek. (See K. Bayer. Akademie der’ Wissenschaften.) Observatory. Annalen der Kéniglichen Sternwarte bei Miinchen, auf éffentliche Kosten heraus- gegeben von Dr. J. Lamont. I—VI (vollst. Samml. XVI—XXJ), 1848—1853. Miinchen. 8vo. 26 PUBLICATIONS OF LEARNED SOOIETIES. MUNICH. Observatory .— Continued. Magnetische Ortsbestimmungen ausgefiihrt an verschiedenen Puncten des Kénig- reichs Bayern und an einigen auswiirtigen Stationen, von Dr. J. Lamont. 1. Miinchen, 1854, 8vo. NEU WIED. Maximilian Prinz von Wied. Buiocu, Ciconomische Naturgeschichte der Fische Deutschlands. I—III, 1782— 1784. (Folio atlas.) NURNBERG. Waturhistorische Gesellschaft. Abhandlungen der naturhistorischen Gesellschaft zu Niirnberg. 1, Niirnberg, 1852. 8vo. PESTH. A’Magyar Tudos Tarsasig évkényvei. I—VII. Budan & Pesten, 1838—1846. Ato. PRAG. Das Behmische Museum. Verhandlungen der Gesellschaft des vaterlindischen Museums in Bohmen. 1, 1823; 1, 1824; 1828; 1831—1844; 1846. Prag. 8vo. Das vaterlandische Museum in Bohmen im Jahre 1842. Prag. 8vo. Geschichte und Verhandlungen der Gesellschaft des BOhmischen Museums in den Jahren 1846—1850. Prag, 1851. 8vo. K. K. patriotisch ekonomische Gesellschaft. Centralblatt der Land- und Forstwirthschaft in Bohmen. Herausgegeben von der K. K. putriotisch ckonomischen Gesellschaft im Konigreiche Bohmen. (Nebst den unentgeltlich beigegebenen: Verhandlungen und Mittheilungen der K. K. pa- triotisch Gkonomischen Gesellschaft in Bohmen.) Jahrg. I-IV, 1850—1853; V, I—XxxvI, Centralblatt, &c.; I—vi1, Verhandlungen. 1854. Prag. 4to. Wochenblatt der Land-, Forst-, und Hauswirthschaft fiir den Birger und Land- mann. Herausgegeben von der K. K- patriotisch tkonomischen Gesellschaft im Konigreiche Bohmen. Jahrg. I-IV, 1850—1853; V, 1—xxy1, 1854. Prag. Ato. Tydennik, casopis pro polni, lesni, a domaci hospodarstwi. 1850, 1851, 1852, & 1853. W Praze. 4to. Hospodarské Noviny. WV Roenik,1—xxvi. 1854. GERMANY. oT Keeniglich-Behmische Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften. Abhandlungen der Kéniglichen béhmischen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften. Fiinfte Folge. I—VII. Prag, 1841—1852. 4to. Uebersicht simmtlicher in den bisherigen Biinden von Abhandlungen der K. béh- mischen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften vorkommenden Aufsiitze. Fiir die Abhandlungen der K. bohm. Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften. Prag, 1828. 8vo. Vortrige gehalten in der Gffentlichen Sitzung der Kéniglichen béhmischen Gesell- schaft der Wissenschaften bei ihrer ersten Jubelfeier am 14 September, 1836. Prag, 1837. 8vo. Wiirdigung der alten bohmischen Geschichtschreiber. Hine von der K. béhmischen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften gekriénte Preisschrift yon FRANZ PALACKY. Prag, 1830. 8vo. Berichte tiber die Versammlungen der Kéniglichen béhmischen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften in ihren Sections-Versammlungen von 1840 und 1841. Prag, 1842. 4to. Magnetische und Meteorologische Beobachtungen zu Prag, in Verbindung mit mehreren Mitarbeitern ausgefiihrt und auf dffentliche Kosten herausgegeben von Karu Krein und Karn JELINEK. I—VIII, X, 1841—1851. Prag. 4to. (IX wanting.) : Magnetische und geographische Ortsbestimmungen, im oesterreichischen Kaiser- staate ausgefiihrt von Kart Krem und Karu Fritsce. Jahrg. I—III, V, 1846—1851. Prag. 4to. (Jahrg. IV is wanting.) Magnetische und geographische Ortsbestimmungen in Bohmen, ausgefiihrt in den Jahren 1843—1845, von Karu Krein. Prag, 1846. 4to. Waturhistorische Verein. Lotos, Zeitschrift fiir Naturwissenschaften herausgegeben vom Naturhistorischen Vereine “ Lotos” in Prag. Jahrg. I—III, 1851—1858; IV, Jan., Mai, Juli, u. August, 1854. Prag. 8vo. (Purchased. November No. and Title-page for 1853 wanting.) REGENSBURG. K. Bayerische Botanische Gesellschaft. Denkschriften der Kéniglich bayerischen Botanischen Gesellschaft zu Regensburg. III. Regensburg, 1841. 4to. Flora, oder allgemeine botanische Zeitung; herausgegeben von der K. bayer. botanischen Gesellschaft zu Regensburg. Neue Reihe. Jahrg.I—XI. Regens- burg, 1843—1853. 8vo. Zoologisch-Mineralogischer Verein. Abhandlungen des Zoologisch-Mineralogischen Vereines in Regensburg. I—ILII. Regensburg, 1849—1853. 8vo. Korrespondenz-Blatt des Zoologisch-Mineralogischen Vereines in Regensburg. Jahrg. I—VII. Regensburg, 1847—1853. 8vo. Is PUBLICATIONS OF LEARNED SOCIETIES. SCHWERIN. Verein fur Mecklenburgische Geschichte und Alterthumskunde. Erster Bericht tiber die dem Grossherzoglich-mecklenburgischen Antiquarium zu Schwerin in dem Zeitraume von 1834 bis 1844 gewordenen Vermehrungen, als Fortsetzung des Friderico-Franciscei, von G. C. F. Lisch. Schwerin, 1844. 8yvo. Quartalbericht des Vereins fiir Mecklenburgische Geschichte und Alterthumskunde. (AOU at Dee son ine Sia nie GL edi SOUL tiie ron OUUL i iar. LEROY eur pat ire eucpuniy Cin tos OVI R ih ioe rate QOL is ODS ir, 1842—1852. Schwerin. 8vyo. Jahrbiicher und Jahresbericht des Vereins fiir Mecklenburgische Geschichte und Alterthumskunde; herausgegeben von LiscH und BarrscH. Jahrg. III— XVIII. Schwerin, 1838—1853. 8vo. (From L. Vortiseh.) Archiv des Vereins der Freunde der Naturgeschichte in Mecklenburg. 1—vyttt. Herausgegeben von Ernst Bott. Neubrandeburg, 1847—1854. 8vo. (From L. Vortisch.) STETTIN. Entomologischer Verein. Entomologische Zeitung. Herausgegeben von dem Hntomologischen Verein zw Stettin. Jahrg. I—XIV ; 1840—1853. Stettin. 8yvo. Linnea entomologica. Zeitschrift herausgegeben von dem Hntomologischen Vereine im Stettin. I—VIII. Stettin, 1846—18538. 8vo. STUTTGART. Naumannia. Archiv fur die Ornithologie, vorzugsweise Huropa’s. Organ der deutschen Ornithologen-Gesellschaft. Herausgegeben von HDWARD BALDAMUS. Jahrg. II, 1, 1852; IIT, 1853; IV, 1854. Stuttgart. 8yo. (Purchased.) Verein fur Vaterlendiseche Naturkunde. Jahreshefte des Vereins fiir vaterlindische Naturkunde in Wiirtemberg. Jahrg. I—VI, 1850—1851; VII, 1,1, 1851; VIII, 3, 1, 1852; IX, 1853; X, 1, 1, 1854. Stuttgart. 8yo. THARAND. Kenigliche Akademie fur Forst- und Landwirthe. Forstwirthschaftliches Jahrbuch, herausgegeben von der Kéniglich WStichsischen Akademie fiir Forst- und Landwirthe zu Tharand. I—VII. Dresden und Leipzig, 1842—1851. 8vo. Jahrbuch der Kénigl. Siichs. Akademie fiir Forst- und Landwirthe zu Tharand. Herausgegeben yon den akademischen Lehrern: FREIH. v. Bere, A. Corra, Dr. H. Krurzscu, Pressuer, Dr. ScHoper, Dr. Sruin, und Dr. A. STOCKHARDT. Des Forstwirthschaftlichen Jahrbuches achter Band. Neue Folge. I. Leipzig, 1852. 8vo. : GERMANY. 29 4 VIENNA. Naturwissenschaftliche Abhandlungen, gesammelt und durch Subseription heraus- gegeben von WILHELM Hatpincer. I—IV. Wien, 1847—1851. to. Berichte tiber die Mittheilungen von Freunden der Naturwissenschaften in Wien; gesammelt und herausgegeben von WILHELM Harpincer, I—VII, 1846— 1850. Wien, 1847—1851. 8vyo. Kaiserliche Akademie der Wissenschaften. Denkschriften der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Philosophisch- historische Classe. II—V. Wien, 1851—1854, Folio & 4to. ~ Denkschriften der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch- naturwissenschaftliche Classe. I—IV. Folio. WV—VII. 4to. Wien, 1850 —1854. Sitzungsberichte der Mathematisch-naturwissenschaftlichen Classe der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. IV—XI; XII, 1, u, mi, 1v. Wien, 1850— 1854. 8vo. Sitzungsberichte der Philosophisch-historischen Classe der Kaiserlichen Aka- demie der Wissenschaften. WI—XI; XI, 1, u, m,1v. Wien, 1851—1854. Svo. Fontes Rerum Austriacarum. Oesterreichische Geschichts-quellen. Zweite Ab- theilung. Diplomataria et Acta. V,VI, VIL. Wien, 1852 & 1853. 8vo, Avrchiy fiir Kunde dsterreichischer Geschichts-quellen. VI—XII. Wien, 1851— 1854. (2d part of Vol. LX wanting.) Notizenblatt Beilage zum Archiv fiir Kunde dsterreichischer Geschichts-quellem: Herausgegeben von der Historischen Commission der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien. Jahrg. II, 1852; III, mi—xxtv, 1858; IV, 1854. Wien. 8vo. Annalen des Wiener Museums der Naturgeschichte. I, u, 1836; IJ, 1, 1839. Wien. 4to. (Purchased.) K. K. Geologische Reichsanstalt. Jahrbuch der Kaiserlich-kiniglichen geologischen Reichsanstalt. Jahrg. I—IV, 1850—1858; V,1, 1854. Wien. R. 8vo. Beilage zu dem Jahrb. der K. K. geolog. Reichstanstalt. Uebersicht der Resultate mineralogischer Forschungen in den Jahren 1844—1849 (1853). Uebersicht, &c., in den Jahren 1850 & 1851 (1858). - im Jahre 1852 (1854). Wien. 4to. Abhandlungen der K. K. Geologischen Reichsanstalt. I, 1852. Wien. 4to. Die fossilen Mollueken des Tertiiir-Beckens von Wien. Die Tertiirflora von Hiring in Tyrol, von G. ErrINGHAUSEN. 30 PUBLICATIONS OF LEARNED SOCIETIES. VIENNA. K. K. Hof- u. Staatsdruckerei. Album der K. K. Hof und Staats-Druckerei in Wien. I—IV. Wien, 1851. Folio. Zoologisch-botanischer Verein. Verhandlungen des Zoologisch-botanischen Vereins in Wien. I, II. Wien, 1851 & 1852. 8vo. WEIMAR. Tagsberichte tiber die Fortschritte der Natur- und Heilkunde; erstattet von Dr. RoBert FRORIEP. Weimar. 8vo. Geographie und Hthnologie. 1852. Mineralogie und Geologie. 1852. Physik und Chemie. 1852. Botanik. 1852. Anatomie und Physiologie. I, II. 1852. Zoologie und Paleontologie. I, II, III. 1850 & 1852. Staatsarzneikunde und Medicinische Statistik. 1852. Psychiatrie, bearbeitet von J. F. H. ALBrrs. 1852. Hygiene und Pharmakologie, von Dr. C. Po. Fatcx. 1852. Nerven und Geisteskrankheiten. 1852. Geburtshilfe und Kinderkrankheiten. 1852. Medicinische Klinik, I, II. 1851 & 1852. Chirurgische Klinik. I, II. 1851 & 1852. (Purchased) WIESBADEN. Verein fur Naturkunde. Jahrbticher des Vereins fiir Naturkunde im Herzogthum Nassau. I—IX. Wies- baden, 1844-53. 8vo. WURZBURG. Physikalisch-medicinische Gesellschaft. Verhandlungen der Physikalisch-medicinischen Gesellschaft in Wiirzburg. I—III; IV,1tu.m. Hrlangen und Wiirzburg, 1850—1852. 8vo. Berichte von der Kéniglichen zootomischen Anstalt zu Wiirzburg. Zweiter Bericht fiir das Schuljahr 1847-48. Leipzig, 1849. 4to. SWITZERLAND. 31 SWITZERLAND. Allgemeine Schweizerische Gesellschaft fur die Gesammten Naturwissen- schaften. Neue Denkschriften der allgemeinen Schweizerischen Gesellschaft fiir die ge- sammten Naturwissenschaften. I—XIII. (Nouveaux Mémoires de la Société helvétique des Sciences Naturelles.) Neuchatel & Zurich, 1837—1853. to. Actes de la Société helvétique des Sciences Naturelles. (Verhandlungen der Schweizerischen naturforschenden Gesellschaft.) Session XXX—XXXVIII. 1845—1853. 8vo. Die wichtigsten Momente aus der Geschichte der drei ersten Jahrzehende der Schweizerischen naturforschenden Gesellschaft. (Coup d’ceil historique sur les 82 premiéres années d’existence de la Société helvétique des Sciences Naturelles.) Ziirich, 1848. 8vo. Verzeichniss der Mitglieder der allgemeinen Schweizerischen Gesellschaft fiir die gesammten Naturwissenschaften. (Catalogue des Membres de la Société helvé- tique des Sciences Naturelles.) Ziirich, 1852. 8vo. BASEL. WNaturforschende Gesellschaft. Bericht iiber die Verhandlungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Basel vom August, 1884—Juni, 1848. I—VIII, 1885-49; X, 1852. Basel. 8vo. (LX wanting.) Verhandlungen der naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Basel. Erstes Heft. Basel, 1854. 8vo. BERN. Waturforschende Gesellschaft. Mittheilungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Bern aus dem Jahre 1848— 1858; 1854, ccox—cccxmr. Bern, 1848—1853. 8vo. GENEVE. Societe de Physique et d’Histoire Naturelle de Geneve. Mémoires de la Société de Physique et d'Histoire Naturelle de Genéve. I—XIITI. Genéve & Paris, 1821—1854. Ato. NEUCHATEL. Societe des Sciences Naturelles. Mémoires de la Société des Sciences Naturelles de Neuchatel. I—III. Neuchatel, 1836—1846. to. 32 PUBLICATIONS OF LEARNED SOCIETIES. NEUCHATEL. Societe des Sciences Naturelles.— Continued. Bulletin de la Société des Sciences Naturelles de Neuchatel. I, II. Neuchatel, 1844—1847. 8vo. ZURICH. Gesellschaft fur vaterlendische Alterthumer in Zurich. Mittheilungen der antiquarischen Gesellschaft in Ziirich. V; VI; VII, 1—v; VIII, I—10; IX,1. Ziirich, 1849—1853. 4to. WNaturforschende Gesellschaft in Zurich. Meteorologische Beobachtungen angestellt auf Veranstaltung der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Ziirich. Ziirich, 1837—1845. 4to. Denkschrift zur Feier des hundertjihrigen Stiftungsfestes der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Ziirich am 80 November, 1846. Ziirich. 4to. Mittheilungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Ziirich. I—VII. Ziirich, 1847—1853. 8vo. BELGIUM. BRUXELLES. Academie Royale des Sciences, des Lettres et des Beaux-Arts. Nouveaux Mémoires de l’Académie royale des Sciences et Belles-Lettres de Bruxelles. XVII. Bruxelles, 1844. 4to. Mémoires de l’Académie royale des Sciences, des Lettres et des Beaux-Arts de Belgique. XXIJ—XXVI. Bruxelles, 1850—1851. 4to. Mémoires couronnés et Mémoires des Savants étrangers, publiés par l’Académie royale des Sciences et Belles-Lettres de Bruxelles. XVI, 1843; XVIII, 1844 & 1845. Bruxelles, 1844 & 1845. Ato. Mémoires couronnés et Mémoires des Savants étrangers, publiés par l’Académie royale des Sciences, des Lettres et des Beaux-Arts de Belgique. XXII--XXIV, 1846—1851. Bruxelles, 1848—1852. 4to. Académie royale des Sciences, des Lettres et des Beaux-Arts de Belgique. Arrétés Toyaux concernant sa réorganisation. Bruxelles, 1845. 8vo. Bulletins de Académie royale des Sciences, des Lettres et des Beaux-Arts de Belgique. XV,1, u, 1848; XVI, 1, 0, 1849; XVII, 1, u, 1850; XVIII, 1, n, 1851; XIX, 1, 0, 1852. Bruxelles. 8vo. Annuaire de l’Académie royale des Sciences, des Lettres et des Beaux-Arts de Belgique. Année XIV—XIX. Bruxelles, 1848—1853. 8vo. Mémoires couronnés et Mémoires des Savants étrangers, publiés par l’Académie royale des Sciences, des Lettres et des Beaux-Arts de Belgique. Collection in Svo. V,1. Bruxelles, 1852. 8vo. BELGIUM. 33 BRUXELLES. Bibliotheque Royale de Belgique. (Chiefly Government publications.) Statistique dela Belgique. Agriculture. Récensement général (15 Octobre 1846). Publié par le ministre de ’'Intérieur. I (Provinces d’Anvers et de Brabant); II (Provinces des deux Flandres); HI (Provinces de Hainaut et de Liege); IV (Provinces de Limbourg, de Luxembourg, et de Namur). Résumés par arron- dissement et par Province. Bruxelles, 1850. 4to. Statistique de la Belgique. Mines, usines min¢ralurgiques, machines 4 vapeur. Années 1839 31844. Compte-rendu publié par le ministre des Travaux publics. Bruxelles, 1846. 4to. Statistique de la Belgique. Population. Récensement général. (15 Octobre 1846). Publié par le ministre de l'Intérieur. Bruxelles, 1849. Ato. Statistique de la Belgique. Industrie. Récensement général. (15 Octobre 1846). Publié par le ministre de l'Intérieur. , Bruxelles, 1851. 4to. Statistique dela Belgique. Population. Mouvement de l'état civil pendant l’année 1845. Publié par le ministre de l’Intérieur. Bruxelles, 1846. 4to. Statistique de la Belgique. Population. Mouvement de l'état civil pendant l’année 1846. Publié par le ministre de I’Intérieur. Bruxelles, 1848. Ato. Statistique de la Belgique. Population. Mouvement de l'état civil pendant l'année 1847. Publié par le ministre de 'Intérieur. Bruxelles, 1848. Ato. Statistique dela Belgique. Population. Mouvement de l'état civil pendant l’année 1848. Publié par le ministre de l'Intérieur. Bruxelles, 1849. to. Statistique dela Belgique. Population. Mouvement de 1’état civil pendant l’année 1849. Publié par le ministre de l'Intcrieur. Bruxelles, 1850. to. Statistique dela Belgique. Population. Mouvement de l'état civil pendant l'année 1850. Publié par le ministre de l"Intérieur. Bruxelles, 1851. Ato. Inventaire des archives des chambres des comptes, précédé d’une notice historique sur ces anciennes institutions. I, 1887; II, 1845. Bruxelles. Ato. Inventaires des cartes et plans, manuscrits et gravés, qui sont conservés aux archives générales du royaume. Bruxelles, 1848. 4to. Péage des routes ou taxe des barriéres. Chambre des représentants. Session 1837—1838. Bruxelles. 8vo. Essai sur la statistique générale de la Belgique, composé sur des documents publics et particuliers par ZAVIER HEUSCHLING, et publié par Ph. Vandermaelen. Deuxidme édition. Bruxelles, 1841. 8vo. Rapports du Jury, et documents de Yexposition de V’industrie Belge en 1841. Bruxelles, 1842. 8vo. Etat de instruction primaire en Belgique. Rapport décennal présenté aux chambres législatives, le 28 Janvier 1842. Par M. le ministre de l’Intérieur. Précédé dun exposé de la législation antérieur 11830 et suivi du texte des lois, arrétés et circulaires de 1814 41840. Bruxelles, 1842. 8vo. La Meuse. Etudes faites par ordre du gouvernement Belge. I. Rapport du 23 Décembre 1839. II, III. Rapports des 28 Juin et 10 Décembre 1840. (Pour le rapport No. 1, voir le No. 90 de la session de 1839—1840). IV. Rapport du 34 PUBLICATIONS OF LEARNED SOCIETIES. BRUXELLES. Bibliotheque Royale de Belgique.— Continued. 80 Octobre 1841. (Pour les rapports Nos. 1, 2 et 3, voir le No. 90 de la session de 1839—1840, et le No. 68 de la session de 1840—1841.) Bruxelles, 1840— 1842. 8vo. Canalisation de l’Hseaut et de la Lys. Projet de loi présenté le 27 Décembre 1827, précédé d’un rapport du ministre des Travaux publics, et suivi du mémoire de Vinspecteur, auteur du projet, et de piéces justificatives. Bruxelles. Chambre des Représentants. Séance du 27 Décembre 1837. 8vo. Canal de Charleroy. Rachat de la Concession. Rapport présenté 4 la chambre des Représentants par M. le ministre des Travaux publics, le 20 Mars 1839, suivi de piéces justificatives et d’un plan. Bruxelles, 1839. 8vo. Des voies navigables en Belgique. Considérations historiques suivies de proposi- tions diverses ayant pour objet l’amélioration et l’extension de la navigation. Ouvrage rédigé par ordre du Département des Travaux publics. Bruxelles, 1842. Svo. La Navigation de la Belgique vers Paris. Etudes faites pour effectuer en Belgique la junction des bassins de la Meuse et de l’Escaut, par un canal de Mons a la Sambre. Rapport présenté aux chambres législatives, le 24 Février 1840, par M. le ministre des Travaux publics. Avec une carte. Bruxelles, 1840. 8vo. Chemin de fer. Ligne du Hainaut. Enquéte. 1°. Etudes des ingénieurs. 2°. Pétitions et réclamations. 38°. Travail de la commission d’enquéte. Bruxelles, 1837. 8vo. Chemin defer. Hmbranchement du Limbourg. Rapports. Bruxelles, 1838. 8vo. Chemin de fer. Rapport présenté aux chambres législatives le 14 Février 1841, par M. le ministre des Travaux publics. Bruxelles, 1841. 8vo. Chemin de fer. Compte rendu des opérations effectuées jusqu’au 31 Décembre 1841. Rapport présenté aux chambres législatives, le 2 Juin 1842, par le ministre des Travaux publics. Bruxelles, 1842. 8vo. Chemin de fer. Compte rendu des opérations effectuées jusqu’au 31 Décembre 1842. Rapport présenté aux chambres législatives, le 12 Avril 1848, par le ministre des Travaux publics. Bruxelles, 1843. 8vo. Chemin de fer, de l’entre-Sambre-et-Meuse. Etudes et convention provisoire pour la construction et l’exploitation de la ligne et de ses embranchements, par voie de concession de péages et de garantie d’un minimum d'intérét. Bruxelles, 1844. 8yo. Chemin de fer. Compte rendu des opérations de l’exercise 1844. Rapport aux chambres législatives, le 19 Février 1845, par le ministre des Travaux publics. Bruxelles, 1845. 8vo. Chemin de fer. Compte rendu des opérations de l’exercise 1845. Rapport pré- senté aux chambres législatives, par le ministre des Travaux publics. Session 1845—1846. Bruxelles, 1846. 8vo. Chemin de fer direct de Bruxelles vers Gand, par Alost, en communication avec les stations diverses de la capitale. Mémoire 4 Vappui du projet et considéra- tions générales sur l’influence qu’exerce la longueur du parcours, a l’égard des mouvements de voyageurs. Bruxelles, 1846. 8vo. BELGIUM. 35 BRUXELLES. Bibliotheque Royale de Belgique.— Continued. Chemin de fer. Compte rendu des opérations de l’exercise 1847. Rapport pré- senté aux chambres législatives par le ministre des Travaux publics, le 6 Avril 1848. Bruxelles, 1848. 8vo. Chemin de fer. Compte rendu des opérations de l’exercise 1848. Rapport pré- senté aux chambres législatives par M. le ministre des Travaux publics. Session 1848—1849. Bruxelles, 1849. 8vo. Société des gens de Lettres belges. Deuxiéme anniversaire de la fondation de la Société, Séance publique du 11 Novembre 1849. Compte rendu. Bruxelles, 1849. 8vo. (From Baron Jules de St. Grenois.) Observatoire Royal. Annales de l’Observatoire royal de Bruxelles, publi¢es aux frais de l’Etat, par le Directeur A. QUETELET. IV—VII; VIIL,1, 0; IX. Bruxelles, 1845—1852. 4to. GAND. Universite de Gand. Annales des Universités de Belgiques ou recueil contenant les lois, arretés et réglements relatifs 4 l’enseignement supérieur, les mémoires couronnés aux concours universitaires, et d’autres documents académiques. Année II—IX; 1848—1850. Bruxelles, 1844—1852. 8vo. (The first year is wanting.) Compte de l’administration de la Justice civile en Belgique pendans les années judiciaires 1839-40, 1840-41, 1841-42, et 1842-43. Présenté au Roi par le ministre de la Justice. Bruxelles, 1845. Ato. Kunst en Letterblad uitgegeven door F. A.SNAELLERT. Gent,1840—1843. 4to. Annales Academix Gandavensis. MDCCCXXVII—MDCCCXXVIII. Gandavi, 1831. Ato. LIEGE. Societe Royale des Sciences de Liege. Mémoires de la Société royale des Sciences de Liége. I—IX. Liége, 1843— 1854. 8vo. LOUVAIN. Universite Catholique. Annuaire de l'Université Catholique de Louvain. Année IV, 1840; VIII, 1844; IX, 1845; X, 1846; XI, 1847; XI, 1848; XV, 1851; XVI, 1852; XVIII, 1854. Louvain. 12mo. Socicté Littéraire de l'Université Catholique de Louvain. Choix de Mémoires I—V. Louvain, 1841—1850. 8vo. acclimate nop a ie in rte ema ‘ ete ears! ss ‘ risemieee: si ey j ann fits ren HG Wes tach SF ery & RAP ki ett HECHE ob. a Aaa ee A aig) 7 rt pga: oh Ere ert he jie’ aah weed, alow stents: iF te partie Hike SMITE pate arfpd) Pe 32) eslisihoeth\ HAGE GEER Cyl pa oes Mig aie ; Sebaaiceo! alcenbinatmatia ® war siugtte my bad tend OnE opie HR veeniniailesl a ¢ OR ae bday. 9 caiten bil 9h puhiivales: 3 RIAARAE Be AD Soy Dh HON Be ae Rfid wa iat Ao Be . 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