': •:-••.:..:" . WS&. ••; OF THE. W c. Of U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE DIVISION OF CHEMISTRY BULLETIN No. 34 AGRICULTURAL LIBRARY, UNIVERSITY — »OF— CALIFORNIA. °F RECORD EXPERIMENTS WITH SORGHUM IN 1891 BY HARVEY W. WILEY Chemist of the U. S. Department of Agriculture and Director of the Department Sugar Experiment Stations at Runny mede, Florida; Schuyler, Nebraska; and Sterling and Medicine Lodge, Kansas WITH THE COLLABORATION OF DR. G. L. SPENCER, MR. A. A. DENTON, AND MB. WIBRAY J. THOMPSON PUBLISHED BY AUTHORITY OF THE SECRETARY OF AGRICULTURE WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING- OFFICE 1 8 9 L> U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE DIVISION OF CHEMISTRY BULLETIN No. 34 RECORD OF EXPERIMENTS WITH SORGHUM IN 1891 BY HARVEY W. WILEY Chemist of the U. S. Department of Agriculture and Director of the Department Sugar Experiment Stations at Runnymede, Florida; SchHyler, Nebraska; and Sterling and Medicine Lodge, Kansas WITH THE COLLABORATION OF DR. G. L. SPENCER, MR. A. A. DENTON, AND MR. WIBRAY J. THOMPSON PUBLISHED BY AUTHORITY OF THE SECRETARY OF AGRICULTURE WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1892 TABLE OF CONTENTS. Page. Letter of transmittal 5 Use of alcohol in the manufacture of sugar from sorghum 7 Abstract of method used in experimental work 10 Disposition of the press cakes 11 Changes in the revenue laws necessary to the practical working of the process 12 Machinery and methods 12 The vacuum still 16 Difficulties encountered 18 Plan of experiments (with analyses of juice and chips, and rdsuin6s of yields) 20 Remarks on the yield 26 General remarks on the sugar-house work 40 Experiments in the treatment of molasses 42 Molasses from factory of Medicine Lodge Sugar Company 42 Molasses from Parkinson Sugar Works, Fort Scott 43 Remarks on the yield of sugar from molasses treated by the alcohol process . 43 Notes on daily working of experimental factory 44 Culture work with sorghum 46 At Sterling 46 At Manhattan 50 At Patterson, La 50 At Medicine Lodge 51 Data relating to cane grown on experimental farm 56 Cultivation 56 Yield and quality 56 Data obtained for each variety 57 Cultural work at Calumet (Patterson, La.) 64 Experiments of 1891 65 Comparison of varieties — first and second planting 72 Average sample results 74 Size of sorghum starch granules 77 Cultural work at Sterling 78 Early Amber 87 McLean's variety 87 Colman's Cane 88 Collier's variety 89 Folger*8 variety 89 Planter's Fri end 90 Variety No. 112 91 Variety No. 161 91 Early Orange -. 92 Golden Orange 92 3 Cultural work at Sterling— Continued. Chinese Imphee 93 Black African 93 Ubehlana 94 Variety No. 91 v 94 Undendebule No. 2 95 Link's Hybrid 95 Selections from Link's Hybrid (mean value of varieties analyzed) 96 Link's Hybrid and Amber crosses (analyses of) 100 Variety No. 373 101 Variety No. 208 102 Experiments in keeping cane 103 Fired and non-fired cane 105 Tables showing values and position of seed as based on mean sucrose and mean purity 105 Tables showing dates at which different varieties reached the maximum sucrose and maximum purity 106 Tables giving results of experiments to ascertain per cent of sucrose and purity in different varieties of Cane 112 Seed heads selected to be propagated in 1892 113 Index.. 127 LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL. U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, DIVISION OF CHEMISTRY, Washington, 1). (7., March 21, 1892. SIR : I have the honor to submit for your inspection and approval the manuscript of Bulletin No. 34, being a record of experiments with sorghum in 1891, conducted under my direction by your orders. The work was accomplished with the collaboration of Dr. G. L. Spencer and Mr. A. A. Denton. Similar work was carried on by Mr. Wibray J. Thompson, but without aid or direction from the Department, at Calu- met Plantation, Patterson, La. The manuscript of this work has been kindly furnished by Mr. Thompson, with permission to incorporate it in our report. I have the honor to be, respectfully, H. W. WILEY, Chemist. Hon. J. M. RUSK, Secretary of Agriculture. 5 EXPERIMENTS WITH SORGHUM IN 1891. USE OF ALCOHOL IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SUGAE FROM SORGHUM. The proposal to use alcohol in the manufacture of sugar from sor- ghum is not claimed as new by the Department. Many years ago a French chemist, H. Joulie, published a work on sorghum sugar, entitled " Etudes et Experiences sur le Sorgho a Sucre," published in Paris in 1864. On pages 106 et seq he speaks of a proposed method for the manufacture of sugar from sorghum by the use of alcohol, in which the alcohol was applied directly to the expressed juice of the cane. There is no doubt of the fact that this method would work admirably, and the only objection to it is in respect of the great amount of alcohol which would be required. For this reason it will never be adopted in practice unless alcohol should become very much cheaper than it ever has been in the markets of the world. The method described by M. Joulie is as follows : As the juice comes from the mill it is immediately saturated with a little lime and mixed with an equal volume of alcohol of 44° strength and left at rest. After twenty- four hours the larger part of the liquid, which is perfectly clear, is decanted. The rest of it is thrown upon a filter or put in filter bags, from which the liquid rapidly runs and it is afterwards submitted to a press, in order to extract the last portions of the alcoholic juice. The matters remaining in the filter press contain the albumen and starchy matters. These bodies can be employed for feeding cattle, or, better, converted into sugar and transformed into alcohol. The clear alcoholic liquid ob- tained as above is submitted to distillation in order to recover the alcohol, and there will be found in the kettle of the still a sirup which, when evaporated to the crys- tallizing point, is scarcely at all colored and furnishes an easy and abundant crystal- lization. From the above description it will be seen that the method proposed by Joulie, which was never practiced except in the laboratory, is essen- tially the same as that which was adopted by the Department of Ag- riculture, with the exception of the stage of the process at which the alcohol is applied. One special reason for the method proposed by Joulie, as urged by him, was that it secured a cold defecation of the juice and thus avoided the conversion of the starch which the juice contains into dextrin. Joulie seemed to be unaware of the presence of gums other than dextrin and starch in the sorghum juices. His idea was based upon the fact that if the juice should be previously heated the starch would be dered perfectly soluble. 8 The process of Joulie, moreover, could only be employed with mill juices, and not with advantage with diffusion juices, which are much more dilute than mill juices and would require a much larger quantity of alcohol. Several years before Joulie proposed to use alcohol for making sugar from sorghum an English patent No. 655, issued March 27, 1858, was granted to William Armond Gilbee for the use of alcohol in the manu- facture of sugar. This process had been described to Mr. Gilbee by a foreigner, whose name is not mentioned. The process is described in the patent in the following words: I will now describe the application of the process to the treatment of the saccha- rine matter contained in beet root, which will enable the invention to be applied to other kinds of saccharine fluids with facility. As it would not be economical to employ alcohol as the purifying agent in treating juice of weak density, if the juice be produced by the pressure or maceration of green beet root, it should be previously concentrated from eighteen degrees to thirty de- grees, Baume^s areometer, either after defecation in the ordinary manner or direct, care being taken to neutralise the acidity of the syrup, as soon as it appears, by lime or other base. Dried beet root, treated by washing with boiling water and its acidity neutralized by the addition of a small quantity of slaked lime, produces syrups of the desired degree of concentration. Crude and impure syrups, however obtained, if too alkaline, are first neutralized by carbonic or sulphuric acid, and then conveyed into a closed sheet-iron vessel pro- vided with an agitator. Alcohol is then made to enter on it through a pipe fur- nished with a stop-cock, which pipe puts the above vessel in communication with a receiver placed at a higher level. The quantity of alcohol to be introduced is proportionate to its degree of strength and the degree of concentration of the syrup operated upon. The proportions must be such that the mixture will mark sixty degrees to seventy degrees by Guy Lussac's alcoholimeter ; three volumes of alcohol at ninety -three degrees and one volume of syrup at twenty degrees Baume" are the suitable proportions for this mixture. After agitating the mixture during a few minutes it is allowed to settle; the deposit thus formed is grumous, and may easily be separated by decautation, when an excess of acid or alkali has not produced too great a transformation of the pectin. A small quantity of sugar, according to the degree of concentration of the syrup, remains mixed with the impurities which form the deposit. The deposit may be either washed several times with alcohol (which will serve for a subsequent precipitation) or, after being freed from alcohol by pass- ing through it a jet of steam, it may be used like molasses in distilleries. The liquid thus obtained is clear and nearly colorless, and is conveyed by difference of level, by an exhaust pump, by steam pressure, or by other mechanical means into a vessel simi- lar to the first, provided with a funnel furnished with a stop-cock for introducing the purifying agents ; an acid or an acid salt, such as sulphuric, oxalic, or tartaric acid, and sulphate of alumina, forming with potash and soda insoluble compounds in alcohol, will separate these alkalies. The alkaline salts precipitated are nearly white and collect with more or less rapidity, and their value varies according as the acid employed is a mineral or organic acid, and of more or less high price, the choice of which is determined by circumstances. I prefer using sulphuric acid diluted in alcohol. The quantity to be employed is indicated by the cessation of precipitate. I operate in a cold state, and agitate carefully; as soon as the acid has been added I neutralize the excess of acid and the acids which it has displaced by a base of lime barytes, strontian, oxide of lead, or other suitable base or one of their basic salts. I introduce into the liquid, separated from the alkaline salts, one of these bases in excess, previously diluted in weak alcohol ; an abundant precipitate then forms. These bases serve to expel the ammonia and prevent acidity toward' the boiling. The vessel in which I operate is provided with a worm which allows of heating by steam. Upon heating, the ammo- nia is expelled and drawn along by the alcoholic vapors, and passes into a recipient containing alcohol acidulated by sulphuric acid or sulphate of alumina. The ammo- nia condenses and forms a useful product, and the alcoholic vapors pass into a re- frigerator to become condensed into a liquid state. This operation being finished, I remove the base in excess and at the same time decompose, by a suitable acid or by a current of carbonic acid, the small quantity of saccharine matter produced. I separate the deposit, and pour the clear liquid in a separate boiler heated by steam, which boiler serves at the same time as an evaporating apparatus and an alembic, so that the alcohol is condensed for a subsequent operation, and the saccharine mat- ter is concentrated into a syrup, which may then either be boiled or submitted to the ordinary process of clarification, and also to that of filtration, when it is freed from alcohol at about thirty degrees Banine", in case its nature does not permit of avoiding this manipulation. All the operations are performed in closed vessels. The precipitates are separated by decantation. If the precipitates are light and voluminous, I accelerate their de- posit by adding, a short time after they are formed, a body coagulable in alcohol, such as albumen or gelatine, which bodies are capable of drawing all the particles in suspension into a perfectly coherent deposit. When a sufficient quantity of the deposits is accumulated in a vessel they are washed with strong alcohol to separate from them the sugar with which they are impregnated, then the alcohol is expelled by heat, before the deposits are passed off through an opening made for that purpose, When I employ carbonic acid, to avoid the loss of alcohol, I cause the acid to be absorbed by a base as it escapes from the liquid. This mode of operating permits the employment of animal black in its most efficient state, namely, when new and in fine powder. For this purpose it is necessary to add it to the sirup, which permits it to act before the alcohol, by which it is precipitated with all the impurities. The means adopted for condensing the alcohol should be such as to allow of a rapid evaporation of the liquids, and prevent a large quantity of alcohol being used with- out having to employ various epurating agents, as herein stated. By means of alcohol and lime, a sugar of great whiteness may be obtained from beetroot. For this purpose it is necessary to introduce linie in excess into the liquid separated from the deposit formed by the alcohol, then to boil, condense the ammonia and alcoholic vapours, as before described, afterwards to neutralize the excess of base, separate the deposit, evaporate, and boil. Instead of adding the lime to the alcoholic solu- tion, it may be added to the sirup at 27° to 30° Baum6 after the evaporation of the alcohol; I then clarify, filter, and boil. It will be easily understood from the above description, that the principle on which this invention is based is the em- ployment of any liquid dissolving sugar without deteriorating its saccharine prop- erties, and in which the solubility of the matters in combination is modified; and also the employment of any body forming m such dissolving liquid an insoluble compound with one of the foreign elements of the sugar, and easy of elimination. Having thus described the nature of the invention communicated to me, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, I would observe, in conclusion, that I do not confine myself to the precise agents herein named, but what I claim and de- sire to secure by letters patent is, the application to the treatment of saccharine fluids of alcohol and agents capable of effecting in conjunction with alcohol the elimination of mineral or organic matters which are mixed with the sugar in the juices of sacchariferous plants, as hereinbefore described. In witness whereof, I, the said William Annand Gilbee, have hereunto set my hand and seal, this twenty- second day of September, one thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight. [L. ».] W. A. GlLBEB. 10 The principle of the method practiced by the Department rests on a different basis from that described by Gilbee. The chief object of the method of Gilbee is to get rid of the alkaline salts of beet syrup, while the object of the experiments carried on by us was to separate the un- crystallizable carbohydrates. While the method of Gilbee embodies the main process of our method, it is seen without discussion that it could not be applied economically. It is but just to say that our method was developed, perfected, and carried out in its experimental work before our attention was called to patent of Gilbee in March, 1892, by Prof. 0. A. O. Eosell, of the Patent Office. The use of alcohol for precipitating gums for chemical purposes has long been practiced. Its application to sorghum molasses for this pur- pose is described by Dr. Peter Collier and Mr. Clifford Eichardson in the Annual Eeport of the Department of Agriculture for 1878, page 107. ABSTRACT OF METHOD USED IN EXPERIMENTAL WORK. The process of manufacturing sugar from sorghum by the alcohol process, as carried on by the Department in its experimental factory at Medicine Lodge, may be briefly described as follows : The cane when brought from the field is passed through a cutting appa- ratus and cut into pieces about 1 inch in length. These pieces of canes, together with the short pieces of blades, are next carried to a fanning machine, by which the blades and other light particles are entirely re- moved. The clean pieces of canes are next conducted to a shredding machine, in which they are torn into as small bits as possible, the finer the better. The pulp thus prepared is elevated above the center of the diffusion battery, whence it is conducted into the cells of the battery by a swinging funnel. The diffusion juices are collected into clarifying tanks, neutralized with lime, the temperature raised to the boiling point and the skimmings removed in the usual way. The clarified juices are then left to stand in the clarifying tanks until the sediment has fully settled when the clear juice is drawn off and sent to the multiple-effect evaporating apparatus. The sediments are collected in a separate tank and reclarified, being either rejected, passed through a filter press or returned to the cells of the battery. In the multiple effect the sugar juices are concentrated to a sirup containing about 55 per cent of solid matter. This sirup is then con- veyed to tall cylindrical tanks, each one being filled to little less than half its depth. An equal volume of 90 per cent alcohol is then added and the whole thoroughly stirred together by blowing cold air in at the bottom of the tank. As soon as the sirup and alcohol are thoroughly mixed the impurities of the sirup are precipitated in flocculent masses. The whole is then allowed to stand for a few hours, if time permits for twenty-four hours, when it is found that the precipitated matters have settled nicely to the bottom of the tank, leaving a clear alcoholic sirup 11 above. This clear liquor is then drawn off, and is sent at once to the still for the recovery of the alcohol. The sediment, or nmd, is passed through a filter press, by means of which the alcoholic sirup is removed and the mud left in the form of a hard, firm cake, containiijg a greater or less percentage of sugar and alcohol, according as the cake is hard and well pressed. In passing the alcoholic sirup through the still the alcohol is entirely removed and the sirup is ready for concentration in the vacuum pan. The boiling in the vacuum pan is conducted in the same way as for ordinary sirups. The sirups treated in this way boil with the greatest ease, forming beautiful crystals in the pan, which are purged with no difficulty what- ever in the centrifugals. With inassecuite formed from such sirup it is possible to fill the centrifugals with a maximum charge and to have the sugar thoroughly dried within two minutes. It appears from the experiments which were conducted that one of the chief advantages of this process is not so much in the increased yield of sugar as in the ease with which the material can be passed through the sugar factory. With ordinary sorghum massecuite it is necessary to run a centrifugal machine from fifteen to thirty minutes in order to dry a very small charge, while with massecuite made by the alcohol process from two to five minutes have been found to be entirely sufficient for the maximum charge. A detailed description of methods and machinery employed will be given further on. DISPOSITION OF THE PRESS CAKES. The proper disposition of the gums secured in press cakes is a matter of no little importance. As indicated in this report, the press cakes not only contain the gums and other bodies precipitated by alcohol, but also considerable quantities of alcohol and of sugar. The chief loss of alcohol and sugar in the process was found in the press cakes. The necessity of preventing these losses when manufacturing on a large scale will be at once apparent. In the modification of the filter press as proposed much of the loss of the alcohol and sugar will be avoided, but there is no disposition of the press cakes which will enable the manufacturer to escape altogether from this loss. The most obvious as well as the most easy disposition of the filter cakes is to subject them to fermentation and thus make them the source of alcohol necessarily lost in the other parts of the process. The ex- periments clearly show that these press cakes alone will furnish suffi- cient alcohol to make up for this loss during the process of manufac- ture. Not only could the alcohol which they contain be thus recov- ered, but the sugar which is found in them will be converted into alco- hol, together with the fermentable gums of the press cake itself. There is no other use to which the press cakes could be put which seems so plausible or scientific. 12 CHANGES IN THE REVENUE LAWS NECESSARY TO THE PRACTICAL WORKING OF THE PROCESS. The practical working of the alcohol process in the manufacture of sugar from sorghum, or from sugar cane or beets, if it should be ap- plied to these bodies, depends largely upon the legal aspects of the case. Under our present system of internal revenue it would be very difficult to devise a system of regulations which would at the same time secure the revenue against fraud and allow the manufacturer a suffi- cient freedom of action to the success of his work. Any system of rev- enue control which would require the manufacturer to pay loss on evaporation or accidental loss of alcohol, or which would require him at the end of every twenty-four or forty-eight hours or some similar period to re-store and re-gauge the alcohol in use, would entirely defeat any attempt at successful manufacture. In order that the manufac- ture be successful the operator must have full power to use the alcohol in any way he sees fit and at such times as may be necessary, account- ing only for the residue at the end of the manufacturing season or at the time of going out of the business. In my opinion there would be no difficulty whatever in securing com- plete immunity from fraud in allowing the use of alcohol in this way. The revenue laws should also be so amended as to permit the manufac- turer of sugar to use the waste products of the factory for the manufac- ture of his own alcohol. He is required by the process itself to have all the stills and other apparatus necessary to the manufacture of al- cohol on hand, and the alcohol necessary to the process could be man- ufactured during the interval between two successive sugar seasons, so that the apparatus could be kept in more constant use and the manu- facturer be relieved from the necessity of purchasing his alcohol from outside sources, where the cost would not only be higher but the item of transportation be of no little importance. It is believed that the sugar manufacturer himself can produce his own alcohol at a cost, probably, of not more than 7 or 8 cents per proof gallon. The regulations at present in force on this subject are published as " Series 7, No. 7, Revised, Supplement No. 1," of the United States in- ternal revenue, and can be secured by addressing a request therefor to the Commissioner of Internal Revenue, Washington, D. C. MACHINERY AND METHODS. The entire outfit of machinery, with the exception of the filter presses and the distilling apparatus, was manufactured by the Walbum-S wen- son Manufacturing Company, of Fort Scott, Kans. The machinery, though constructed on a small scale, is of large enough capacity to be thoroughly practical in all its operations. The cane was prepared for the battery by the Hugh.es process. 13 The diffusion battery consists of twelve cells, arranged in a circle. The nominal capacity is 25 tons in twenty-four hours, though with rapid cutting a capacity of 1.6 tons per hour has been exceeded. From the diffusion battery the juice passes to the clarifiers of the construction ordinarily employed in Louisiana. The skimmings were measured and rejected, though at the first of the experimental work they were returned to the diffusion battery. The clarified juice was concentrated in a triple-effect apparatus to a sirup of 54.3° Brix (30° Baum<§). This apparatus was provided with heating tubes of small diameter, the steam passing through the tubes. Attention is especially called to this arrangement of the heating sur- face, since it was noticeable that the tubes remained clean and free from scales. From the triple effect the sirup was pumped through a cooler to the precipitation tanks. These tanks are 4 feet 6 inches in diameter and 10 feet deep. Each tank was provided with a connection, through a pump, with the filter presses ; also an outlet was arranged for draw- ing off the clear sirup after the subsidence of the matters precipitated by the alcohol. The filter-press pump was also arranged for pumping a current of air into the tank for the purpose of thoroughly mixing its contents. Experiments were made to ascertain the quantity of alcohol required for the precipitation of the gums. Practice soon demonstrated that with a sirup of 54.3° Brix a volume of alcohol of 90 per cent (by weight), equal to that of the sirup, was sufficient to obtain a rapid deposition of the gums. It was further shown that under these conditions the mix- ture could easily be filter-pressed, the press yielding firm, hard cakes of gum, which are readily removed from the cloths, leaving the latter in excellent condition for further work. In successful filter-press work in any branch of sugar manufacture it is essential that the removal of the press cake shall leave the cloths free from adhering precipitate. As may be seen from the above statements, this condition and all others for good filter-press work were realized. It seems certainly marvelous that sirup can be made to filter-press as easily and with as good results as the skimmings in a cane-sugar house. In the work at the Medicine Lodge Experiment Station the clear sirup was drawn off from above the precipitate and the "tank bottoms" containing the precipitate were sent to the press. This method was adopted for convenience in keeping each set of experiments separate. The clear sirup obtained by decantation and the filtrate from the press were united and pumped to the distilling apparatus for the re- covery of the alcohol. The sirup, freed from alcohol, was passed through the usual sugar-house processes of granulation in the vacuum pan and purging in the centrifugals. The distilling apparatus employed in these experiments is of the continuous type common in Europe. It consists of a " beer still " (Fig. 1) provided with a number of chambers fitted with perforated plates and 14 FIG. 1 — Continuous distilling apparatus. Scale, $"=!'. 15 suitable overflow pipes. The sirup and alcohol are pumped into the top of the beer still through a pipe G ; steam is admitted through an open pipe into the kettle A at the bottom of the column or is pro- duced by heating the spent liquor by means of a coil. The steam ascends through the perforations in the plates, becoming richer and richer in alcohol as it passes through each layer of liquor, while the latter gradually descends by means of the overflow pipes to the bot- tom of the column B and finally reaches the kettle completely exhausted of alcohol, whence it is removed by means of a pump connected with the pipe line H. On reaching the top of the beer still B the vapors of the alcohol and the steam continue to rise and pass into the alcohol column C. This column is also divided into chambers, but by solid instead of perforated plates as shown at K. Each chamber is provided with a return or overflow pipe and an opening through which the vapors ascend. In the alcohol column the vapors are so directed as to pass through a layer of liquid more or less rich in alcohol, which is retained by the plate separating the compartments. An excess of liquid in these compartments overflows through the down pipes, gradu- ally works its way into the beer still and thence to the kettle. On reaching the top of the column the vapors, which have now become quite rich in alcohol, are passed into a coil provided with an outlet at the lowest part of each bend. These outlets lead into the return pipe P which connects with the top chamber of the alcohol column. This coil is technically termed the " goose" and is immersed in a tank called the "goose tub." A suitable arrangement is provided for controlling the temperature of the water in the tub by means of outlet and inlet water pipes. When the still is in operation the temperature of the "goose" is regulated according to the required density of the alcohol. The object of the "goose" is the return to the column of all low prod- ucts which condense at a temperature below the boiling point of ethyl alcohol of the desired strength. On leaving the "goose" the vapors enter a condenser E whence the liquid alcohol is conducted into a sep- arator F. This separator consists simply of a glass box provided with a cylinder through which a current of alcohol is constantly flowing. An alcohol spindle is inserted in this cylinder and shows the density of the spirit at all times. A pipe, with a funnel-shaped opening at its upper extremity, connects with the pipe leading from the condenser and gives vent to any objectionable fumes. The separator is connected by means of a pipe with the alcohol storage tank. The pipe 0 is for emptying the upper chambers when necessary. The valves N9 com- municating by means of a small pipe with a condenser 3/, are for test- ing the vapors in the lower chambers for alcohol. Valuable advice and assistance in procuring and arranging the dis- tilling apparatus, were obtained from Mr. Philip Zell and Mr. J. B. Greenhut, of Peoria, 111. The apparatus was designed by Mr. Zell and constructed by Klingle Brothers, of Peoria. 16 THE VACUUM STILL. The vacuum still, which it is proposed to use for the separation of the alcohol from the sirup in place of the apparatus just described, is illus- trated in Fig. 2. This illustration simply gives an idea of what such a still should be without any attempt at making it technically perfect. The object, as indicated, is to separate the alcohol from the sirup at a low temperature, by means of a jet of exhaust steam, in such a way as to secure a minimum dilution of the sirup and the complete separa- tion of the alcohol. The alcohol separated in this way would be of low strength, probably not much above proof spirit, but the sirup would emerge from the still without ever having reached the tempera- ture of boiling water and without any danger of scorching. Two methods of procedure may be employed. If it is desired to secure the alcohol in a form ready for subsequent condensation the com- plete apparatus described can be used. If, on the other hand, it is desired to save the heat which would be lost in the condensation of the alcoholic vapors, the vacuum part of the still, that is, the part used for the separation, could be connected directly at the top and to one side with the condensing still. In this process the condensing still would have to operate under a vacuum, and the vacuum apparatus would be simply transferred from the end of the still indicated to the end of the vacuum still. The condensing, or alcohol still, would be placed above and to one side of the beer still, and be provided with a separate scroll or steam jet. Inasmuch, however, as the specific heat of alcohol vapor is somewhat low there would not be a very great loss of heat in con- densing the alcohol in the first place, as indicated, and subjecting the alcohol thus obtained to subsequent distillation. The still consists of a beer column B of ordinary construction. It is furnished at V with a vacuum gauge and at T with a thermometer. The exhaust steam is admitted through a pipe S and escapes through the rose R immediately under the first chamber. The chambers of the beer still are separated by perforated diaphragms and connected one with the other with overflow tubes and cups in the usual manner. The sirup enters the still in its upper chamber through the heater JJ, and can be supplied either by a feed pump or from a tank placed higher than H. The supply from the tank would be more easily regulated and would be preferred. The sirup, after it has passed through the still and is freed from alco- hol, descends through the tail pipe P to the sirup tank A opening un- derneath the level of the sirup in the tank so as to be completely sealed, as indicated. The length of the tail pipe P is sufficient to produce a free exit of sirup under the vacuum employed. The sirup in tank A, after it has filled the tank to the required level, escapes constantly through the pipe C to the sirup pump. At the end of the operation the sirup remaining in A can be withdrawn by opening the cock w the pipe JE^ 17 FIG. 2 — Vacuum distilling apparatus. Scale, J" to 1' 21383— No. 34 2 18 The dilute alcohol vapor is condensed in the cooler (7, and flows through the tail pipe K to the closed receiving tank J/, which is fur- nished with a vacuum gauge F, and an outlet to the vacuum pump 0. The excess of alcohol, after the tank M is filled to the dotted line, is removed through the system of pipes indicated by a pump and sent directly to the condensing still or to a tank arranged to feed that still. The vacuum pump should be operated only sufficiently to secure the necessary vacuum in starting the apparatus and to remove any air which may find entrance. The tail pipe K should be long enough to maintain a proper vacuum. It can be made of equal length with the tail pipe P, which, being ar- ranged to receive a heavier liquid, will discharge into the tank A. After leaving the still the sirup is pumped, as has been stated, to the vacuum pan. This purified sirup boils as freely as the cane sirup of the Louisiana plantations. In practice, owing to the small size of the vac- uum pan, it was found advisable to introduce a few pounds of sugar into the pan for use in building up the grain. The sirup was concen- trated to proof and 50 pounds of fine-grained sugar added. This plan was adopted in order to obtain grain comparable in size with that from sirup boiled in large pans. Owing to the small size of the pan and the free boiling of the sirup the entrainment was considerable, and on the small scale on which the experiments were conducted the percentage of loss was large. With the present pan arrangement this loss was una- voidable, and introduces an element of error which would not obtain in regular manufacture. Sirups not previously treated with alcohol boiled heavily and with little loss from entrainment. It was quite noticeable that massecuites grained in the pan, from sirups produced by the ordinary process, were difficult to purge, even when left in the hot room a few days. Massecuites from sirup purified by the alcohol process were boiled to a very high proof and were cen- trifugaled immediately after leaving the vacuum pan. The ease with which the centrifugal work was accomplished is of great importance, since it enabled the rapid drying of the sugar and the manufacture of a product of good polarization without the use of a wash. DIFFICULTIES ENCOUNTERED. It is unfortunate that experiments of as great importance as those under consideration must necessarily be made with new machinery. Under these conditions vexatious delays are unavoidable, no matter how carefully the plans may have been carried out. In the present case the experience of the Department and the nature of the experiment rendered a new building and machinery on a small scale a necessity. The work was pushed rapidly from the time of receiving the appropri- ation, but much was left for the last few weeks, and as a result there were many evidences of hasty and careless work. A great source of vexation was the failure of certain pumps. The losses of time and sirup 19 occasioned by the failure of the tail pump (sirup) of the triple effect, in several instances, materially reduced the yield of sugars per ton of caue. Thispump, after repeated failures, was removed and one of greater power was arranged for this service, but it also proved unequal to the work required. A third pump was built especially for pumping the sirup from the triple eftect, and fortunately occasioned few delays. The diffi- culty seemed to be due to the very small amount of sirup to be removed from the apparatus in proportion to the size of the pump. In order to obviate this difficulty the builders of the machinery suggested and tried pumping back a part of the sirup into the juice tank and thus obtaining a greater volume of liquor for the pump to work upon. As far as the pump was concerned this plan worked fairly well, but from a sugar- making point of view it was far from successful. It is obvious that in this method of working a part of the sirup may be retained in the ap- paratus many hours and suffer deterioration. That this was undoubt- edly the case was evidenced by the large inversion which ocurred at times when this method was practiced. But in this case a remedy was essential to the continuance of the experiments, and this bad remedy was the only one available at the time. The delays due to other pumps were numerous. The pump to remove the sirup from the still practically failed to accomplish this work, and, after vexatious delays and the loss of considerable sugar, it was replaced by another, which worked only fairly well. The removal of the sirup from the still was a constant source of annoyance throughout the experiments. The fault was probably in the use of a pump not adapted to pumping sirup heated to very nearly its boiling point. The construction of the still was such that sirups were heated to a high temperature, which was maintained during long periods. This is manifestly contrary to the maxims of good sugar-making. Apparatus designed to obviate this difficulty has already been described. It is probable that the methods of vacuum evaporation employing thin films of liquor could be successfully employed in the recovery of the alcohol. The Yaryan Company have constructed an apparatus for use in dehydrating wine, which they claim is successful. This appa- ratus separates the alcohol and a portion of the water from the wine, rejects the water and returns the alcohol to the mother liquor. The alcohol furnished by this apparatus would probably be of low concen- tration, but could easily be increased in strength by a second distilla- tion. In this method the operations are performed in partial vacuo and subject the sirup to a low temperature for a very short time. The filter presses were the greatest source of loss of alcohol. This was not due to any fault in the press as built for ordinary sugar-house worJi. For work with alcohol, the press should be so arranged as to minimize losses by evaporation. In order to accomplish this a special construction is necessary. All cloth surfaces should be covered, since the alcohol and sirup mixture will follow the cloth, no matter how 20 * tightly the press may be closed. The alcohol soon evaporates from the cloth and leaves the latter sticky with sugar solution. It would proba- bly be easy to arrange a metal cover for the press which would prevent or diminish this loss. An arrangement should also be provided to avoid the exposure of the alcohol sirup to the open air and thus prevent the evaporation of the alcohol. In the ordinary press the alcohol must fall through a space of 2 feet or more before reaching the trough. This loss can not occur in a press arranged as shown in the accompanying sketch (Fig. 3). In this press the filtered sirup passes into a channel (7, and from there through a pipe line to the receiving tank. The cocks A and B are so arranged that one can draw a test sample either from the channel or the filter plate. The channel E is for dilute alcohol and D the sirup alcohol mixture. The pipe line for filtered sirup should be provided with sight glasses in order to promptly detect the flow of turbid sirup. As soon as the flow of turbid sirup is detected, the open- ing into the channel at the proper place should be closed. From time to time the sirup from the closed plate should be examined, since ordi- narily after a short time it will flow clear. It is probable that filter bags could be employed with economy in the filtration of these sirups. If so, the cost of the filtering plant would be materially reduced. By means of the improved apparatus sug- gested, the sirup-alcohol mixture would be out of contact with the air at all times and the loss of alcohol from evaporation would be reduced to a minimum. The loss of alcohol (calculated as absolute) in the filter-press cake ranged from 3.7 per cent to 15.9 per cent of the weight of the press cake, or to an approximate average of 3.5 pounds per ton of clean cane, or to .5 gallon 90 per cent (by weight) alcohol. This loss would be con- siderably smaller in working on a large scale, since then there would always be sufficient material to produce a firm, hard press cake con- taining a high proportion of solid matters. Press- cakes have been obtained containing as high as 70 per cent of solid matter. The press employed was not provided with a channel for use in dis- placing the sirup left in the press cake. Such a provision would enable the removal of practically all of the sirup-alcohol mixture from the press-cake, leaving dilute alcohol in its place, thus reducing the amount of sugar and alcohol in this by-product. Becommendations in regard to the utilization of the press cakes in the manufacture of alcohol are made in another part of this report. PLAN OF EXPERIMENTS. The experiments were conducted with a view to the direct comparison of the ordinary and the alcohol processes. It was expected in this way to emphasize the practical difficulties or advantages of either process. 21 F\a. 3.— Filter-press plate. Scale, 2" to 6'. 22 The two processes being identical up to the treatment of the sirup, this was the point chosen for the separation of the work. The precipitating tanks are provided with an equalizing valve, by means of which the sirup obtained from a given amount of cane, after being thoroughly mixed, may be divided into two equal portions. By this method any loss which may occur between the cane carrier and the precipitation tanks is equally divided between the two sets of experi- ments. For uniformity in the statements of the work all experiments by~ the ordinary process are designated by the letter " A " and those by the alcohol process by " B." After dividing the sirup into two equal parts, that for the ordinary process was pumped directly to the pan tanks. The pan work in all experiments was conducted under as nearly the same conditions as pos- sible. Experiments were made on a small scale to ascertain the volume of alcohol required for the treatment of the sirup. A sufficient volume of alcohol is indicated by the prompt deposition of the pecipitate. This condition is essential to a rapid and thorough nitration of the sirup. These experiments led to the use of a volume of alcohol equal to that of the fdrup, provided the density of the latter is approximately 54.3° Brix (30° Baume). A larger volume of alcohol would be necessary with a more dilute sirup. After the first eight sets of experiments the work with the ordinary process was discontinued. These parallel experiments caused many delays in the work, and would soon have resulted in a complete block- ade of the hot room. It was invariably necessary to run first masse- cuites, made by the ordinary process, into wagons and keep them warm several days before centrifugaling. A peculiar flat crystal formed in massecuites of this description, which was very difficult to free from the molasses. The sugars were not washed in the centrifugal. Several preliminary trials were made to test the machinery and aquaint the workmen with their duties. No record was kept of the work, with the exception of that tabulated in the following pages under the heading Experiment No. 1. After the preliminary trials of the bat- tery it was decided to no longer return the skimmings to the cells. In practical work on a large scale the loss of sugar in the skimmings would be very small, hence in these experiments the skimmings were thor- oughly settled, the clear juice drawn off, and the tank bottoms calcu- lated back to cane. The high dilution of the diffusion juices is due to emptying the battery after each experiment, which necessitates the use of a large quantity of water to remove the sugar from the last ten cells of chips. 23 EXPERIMENT NO. 1-ORDINARY PROCESS ONLY. Date: September 24, 1891. Variety and plat : Black African, from part of plats 2, 5, and 23. Gross cane (topped cane) tons . Trash do . . Clean cane do . . Clean cane lost in teaching the workmen and in samples for analysis do.. Net clean cane worked do . . 19.1 2.75 16.35 1.17 15.18 Mean weight of clean cane per cell pounds. . 322 Trash, per cent topped cane 14. 4 Juice analyses.* Degree Brix Siicrose per cent.. Glucose do Purity coefficient Glucose, per cent sucrose Normal juice. 19.55 11.69 59.3 24.7 Diffusion juice. 12.31 8.22 1.39 66. 8 16.9 * All analyses by E. G. Runyan and Oma Carr. Exhausted chips. Sucrose lost in exhausted chips, per cent cane, 0.76 (mean of twelve analyses). Yield. Pounds. Weight of first sugar ohtained 1, 698 Weight of first sugar, per ton clean cane 111. 8 Weight of first sugar per ton (net) of topped cane 90. 6 EXPERIMENT NO. 2— ORDINARY AND ALCOHOL PROCESSES. Date : September 25, 1891. Variety and plats: Black African; plats 2, 5, and 23. Gross cane (topped cane) tons . . 22. 475 Trash do.... 3.430 Clean cane do 19. 045 Clean cane, removed in samples do 120 Skimmings lost, calculated to clean cane do 826 Net clean cane worked do 18. 099 Mean weight of clean cane per cell : pounds.. 349 Trash, per cent topped cane 15. 2 Juice analyses. Normal Diffusion juice. juice. DegreeBrix 17.21 11.55 Sucrose percent.. 11.72 8.20 Glucose do.... 1.53 1.14 Purity coefficient 68.1 71 Glucose, per cent sucrose 13. 1 13. 9 Exhausted chips. Sucrose lost in exhausted chips, per cent cane, 0.84 (mean of seventeen analyses). 24 Sirups. The sirup was divided into two equal portions, A aiid B. A was worked by the or- dinary and B by the alcohol process. The analyses of the sirups before and after treatment are given in parallel columns in the table below : Analyses of sirup from Blade African cane before and after alcoholic treatment. A. B. 52.20 36.10 Sucrose per cent 36 70 26 00 4.95 3.39 70 30 72.10 13.49 13.04 In the above experiment the sirup shows a material increase in purity. The re- duction of the density of the sirup is very noticeable. This is due to the condensa- tion of the steam used in the distillation. In the first experiments, with the still, a coil was used in boiling the spent liquor in the kettle and thus producing the steam requisite in freeing the sirup from alcohol. This is the method employed in certain distilleries, where it is desirable to produce a mash without dilution. Experiment soon demonstrated that the long detention of this sirup in the kettle at a high temperature was very objectionable. To avoid using the coil a pipe was arranged for delivering a jet of steam above the sirup in the ket- tle and thus remove the alcohol from the descending liqu or. The dilution of the sirup is due to the condensation of this steam. In order to further reduce the length of time required for the separation of the alcohol, the flow of cold water was entirely cut off from the goose tub and low-strength alcohol only was produced. This alco- hol was about 160 per cent proof, and was afterwards redistilled to obtain the neces- sary strength. Yield. (A) The sirup by the ordinary process yielded 2,512 pounds of first massecuite, from which 1,175 pounds of sugar of 85.5° polarization were obtained. The yield of sugar per cent massecuite was 46.8. Owing to difficulty in granulation this sugar was boiled to string proof and was left in the hot room several days. (B) The sirup treated by the alcohol process yielded 2,181 pounds of first masse- cuite and 1,196 pounds of sugar of 92.3° polarization. This sugar was dried in the centrifugal immediately after leaving the vacuum pan. The yield of sugar per cent massecuite was 54.8. Through an oversight the weight of filter-press cake in Experiment No. 2 was not recorded. Bfoume' of yield. BLACK AFRICAN CANE. A. B. Clean cane worked tons. . *9. 049 *10. 671 2,512 1,175 85.5 1,005 129.8 110.1 111.1 94.1 tl,414 *9. 049 *10. 671 2,181 1,196 92.3 1,104 132.2 112.1 122 104.5 tl, 439 Topped, cane worked ... . .. do First sugar obtained ...do First sugar obtained reduced to 100° polarization pounds . First sugar per ton clean cane do do First sugar 100° polarization per ton clean cane . . .... do do . Y ield of first sugar per acre* do.... * Corrected for samples and skimmings, t Note difference in polarization of the sugars. 25 It is well to again call attention to tlic ease with which massecuite obtained by the alcohol process could be purged in the centrifugals, yielding a high polarization sugar without the use of a wash. Massecuites by the ordinary process often con- tained very flat crystals which would overlap one another and prevent the molasses from passing off. EXPERIMENT NO. 3.— ORDINARY AND ALCOHOL PROCESSES. Date : September 29, 1891. Variety and plats : Colman cane, plats 41 and 11. Gross cane (topped cane) tons. Trash.. ..do.. Clean cane do . Clean cane removed in samples do . Skimmings lost, calculated to clean cano do . Net clean cane worked . . . . do . 22.445 4.330 18. 115 .135 .510 17. 470 Mean weight of clean cane per cell pounds . . 324 Trash, per cent topped cane 19.3 Juice analyses. Normal juice. Diffusion juice. Degree Brix 19 41 13 43 Sucrose per c«'nt 14 42 10 41 Glucose do. . . . 1.10 .81 Purity coefficient 74 3 77 5 Glucose per cent sucrose 7.63 7.78 Exhausted chips. Sucrose lost in the exhausted chips, per cent cane, 0.74 (mean of fifteen analyses). Sirups. The sirup was divided into equal parts, A and B. A was worked by the ordinary and B by the alcohol process, as under experiment No. 2. The analysis of the sirup is given in the table below : A. Decree Brix 53 57 Sucrose per cent 40 20 Glucose do .... 4.29 75 Glucose per ceut sucrose 10.61 No analyses were made of the sirup after treatment, owing to a laboratory accident which resulted in the loss of the sample. Filter-press cake. The following is the analysis of the filter-press cake : Total solids per cent . . 52. 3 Sucrose do ... 19. 2 Alcohol (absolute) do ... 14. 3 Weight of press cake pounds. . 316 The loss of sucrose in the press cake was 60.7 pounds and of alcohol 45.2 pounds. Both these losses could easily be reduced by systematic washing of the press cake with dilute alcohol. Neither of these losses is a serious matter if the press cake is to be utilized in the manufacture of alcohol. 26 Yield. (A) The sirup, by the ordinary process, boiled to string proof, yielded 2,535 pounds first massecuite, and 1,370 pounds lirst sugar polarizing 84.2°. The yield of sugar per cent uiassecuite was 54. The molasses from the above gave 375 pounds second sugar, polarizing 79.9°. (B) That portion of the sirup treated by the alcohol process yielded 2,212 pounds first massecuite, and 1,330 pounds first sugar, polarizing 93.7°. The yield of sugar per cent massecuite was 60.1. The second massecuite was melted by the carelessness of a workman in placing it too near the steam pipes, hence no statement of this sugar can be given. REMARKS ON THE YIELD. In both these experiments there has been a heavy loss of sugar after reaching the sirup stage. Up to the sirup there was a considerable loss by inversion. The weights of the massecuites, allowing for the solids in the press cake, bear the proper relations to one another, but since there was a large known loss of sirup at the still there must have been a loss at the vacuum pan to ofl'set it. Extreme caution was necessary in boiling the pan to reduce the risk of loss, but even then there were undoubt- edly losses at this point in the manufacture. The loss at the pan in the A portion was probably due to the liquor boiling over. In the case of the B portion, entrainment was probably the cause of the loss. The sirup boiled very freely. R&ume' of yield. COLMAN CANE. A. B. . . tons *8 735 *8 735 do.... * 10. 824 * 10. 824 pounds 2535 2212 do 1370 1330 degrees 84 2 93.7 First sugar obtained reduced to 100° polarization pounds. . 1153 1246 do 156 8 152.2 do 126 5 122 8 do . 132 142.6 First sugar 100° polarization per ton topped cane do.... 106.5 115.1 do ... 375 79 9 pounds 300 do 42 9 do .. 34.6 do 34 3 Second sugar 100° polarization per ton topped cane do 27.7 do *l 272 *1 375 Yield of second sugar per acre ... do ... *414 * Corrected for samples and skimmings. EXPERIMENT NO. 4. The cane employed in this experiment was Variety No. ICO. When 12| rows of cane had been cut the work was stopped by rain. The cane was cut September 30 and left in the shed until October 3, when, the rain not ceasing, it was worked. All the sirup was treated with alcohol and boiled to grain. The grain was very fine, but nevertheless an attempt was made to centrifugal it, but this ended in failure. An effort was made to melt this massecuite, but the mixer leaked ao badly that the 27 entire experiment was abandoned. The analyses of the juices and sirnp only are given : Analyses of juices and sirnp from cane — Variety No. 160. Normal juice. Diffusion juice. Sirup after treatment vrith alco- hol. De°Tee Brix 17 62 10.53 52.07 Sucrose per cent . . 11.55 7.19 34.50 1 28 .75 4.25 Purity coefficient 65.6 68.3 66.2 11 08 10.43 12.32 The re- This sirup has evidently deteriorated in the processes of manufacture, duction in the purity is due to inversion in the triple effect. EXPERIMENT NO. 5— ORDINARY AND ALCOHOL PROCESSES, Date : October 7, 1891. Variety and plats: Early orange; plats 8 and 32. Gross cane (topped cane) tons.. 24.375 Trash do... 5.035 Clean cane do... 19.340 Clean cane removed in samples do. . . . 142 Cane lost on account of bad weather do ... . 899 Skimmings lost, calculated to clean cane do — . 983 Net clean cane worked do... 17.315 Mean weight of clean cane per cell pounds. .319 Trash, per cent clean cane 20. 7 Juice analyses. Normal juice. Diffusion juice. Decree Brix . 17.61 12.33 ]2 27 8 03 Glucose do . . . 1.55 1.06 Purity coefficient 69.7 65.1 12.63 13.20 Exhausted chips. Sucrose lost in the exhausted chips, per cent cane, 0.97 (mean of seventeen analyses). Sirups. The sirup was divided into equal parts, A and B, and the B portion treated with alcohol. The analyses before and after treatment are given below : A. B. 50.78 26.78 Sucrose per cent. - 36.85 21.47 Glucose do 2.81 2 Purity coefficient 72.6 80.2 7.62 9.34 28 The density of the sirup was very materially reduced in the distillation process, but, as has been stated, this can not be avoided with the apparatus as now con- structed. In actual practice this would necessitate a large increase in the coal con- sumption. It is believed that with apparatus constructed after the experience of this work this increase in coal consumption could be almost entirely avoided. Filter-press cake. The following is the analysis of the filter-press cake : Total solids per cent.. 51.25 Sucrose do ... 12. 80 Alcohol (absolute) do ... 15. 16 Weight of filter-press cake pounds. . 250 The loss of sucrose in the press cake was 32 pounds and of alcohol 37.9 pounds. Yield. (A) This sirup was boiled to string proof. Experience demonstrated that with the email pan, in boiling sirups not treated with alcohol, nothing is gained by adding sugar as a nucleus upon which to build grain. The weight of first massecuite obtained was 2,671 pounds and of first sugar 1,253 pounds. The sugar polarized 85.4°. The yield of first sugar per cent massecuite was 46.9. (B) In this experiment the sirup treated by alcohol was concentrated to about proof in the vacuum pan and then 50 pounds of very fine-grained sugar were added. The man-hole cover was removed and the sugar thrown directly on the concentrated sirup. A small quantity of grain was formed in addition to that supplied by the sugar. In all the strikes to which sugar was added this plan was followed. The weight of first massecuite obtained was 2,431 pounds and the yield of first sugar 1,402 pounds, or 57.7 per cent massecuite.. The first sugar polarized 93.7°. Deducting 50 pounds (the sugar added), we have net yield of 1,352 pounds sugar. This deduction is, perhaps, not a perfectly fair one, since a portion of the 50 pounds sugar was left in the molasses. In both these experiments ("A" and "B") the second massecuite was not ready for the centrifugal at the end of the season. Ite'sume' of yield. EARLY ORANGE CANE. A. B. tons *8 658 *8 658 Bopped cane worked do *10.918 *10. 918 pounds 2 671 12 381 First sugar obtained do 1 r>ro 1 1,352 Polarization of first su^ar ... . . degrees 85.4 93 7 First sugar obtained reduced to 100° polarization First sugar per ton clean cane pounds.. do.... 1,070 144.7 1,267 156.2 First sugar per ton topped cane do. 114 7 123 8 do 123 6 146 3 First sugar 100° polarization, per ton topped cane do .. 98 116 . do *1 285 *1 387 * Corrected for samples and skimmings, t Fifty pounds deducted for sugar added. 29 EXPERIMENT NO. 6.— ORDINARY AND ALCOHOL PROCESSES. Date: October 9, 1891. Variety and plat : Link's hybrid, plat 29. Gross cane (topped cane) tons . . Trash do... Clean cane do... Clean cane removed in samples do Skimmings lost, calculated to clean cane do. . . Net clean cane worked do. . . Mean weight of clean cane per cell pounds . . 25.400 5.010 20.390 .157 .698 19. 535 314 Trash, per cent topped cane... 19.7 Juice analyses. Normal juice. Diffusion juice. Degree Brix 19.08 11 98 Sucrose per cent. . 13.82 8.87 Glucose do 76 47 Purity coefficient 72.40 . 74 5 10 5 25 Exhausted Chips. Sucrose left in the exhausted chips : per cent cane, 0.78 (mean of nineteen analyses). Sirups.* A. B. Degree Brix 53 60 32 43 Sucrose . . . per cent 40.40 25 80 Glucose do. . . . 1.78 1.18 Purity coefficient 75 40 79 60 Glucose, per cent sucrose 4.63 4.59 * A, treated by the ordinary process; B, alcohol process. Filter -press cake. Total solids per cent.. 61.51 Sucrose do 9. 60 Alcohol (absolute) do 8. 22 Weight of filter-press cake pounds. . 350 The loss of sucrose in the press cake was 24.9 pounds and of alcohol 28.8 pounds. Yield. (A) This sirup was boiled to string proof. The yield of first sugar was 1,373 pounds and of second sugar 408 pounds. The polarization of the first sugar was 82.5° and of the second sugar 83.5°. (B) That portion of the sirup treated by the alcohol process was boiled to grain, yielding 2,565 pounds of massecuite and 1,502 pounds of first sugar. The yield of first sugar per cent of massecuite was 58.6. The first sugar polarized 93.8°. The sec- ond sugar was left in the wagons to grain, but was not ready for the centrifugal at the end of the season. 30 Fifty pounds of fine-grain sugar were added to the sirup (concentrated to proof) as in experiment No. 5. Deducting this sugar from 1,502 pounds, we have 1,452 pounds, as the net yield of first sugar. Resume' of yield. LINK'S HYBRID CANE. A. B. Clean cane worked . .... tons *9. 767 "12. 162 *9. 767 *12.162 12,515 U.452 93.8 U.362 149.7 119.4 139. 4 111.8 do First massecuite ...... ... pounds do 1,373 82.5 1,133 140.5 112.8 116 93.1 408 82.5 340 41 7 Polarization of first sugar . . ... .... decrees First sugar, per ton clean cane do do First sugar, 100° polarization per ton clean rane do . do Second sugar obtained do Second sugar reduced to 100° polarization pounds., do Second sugar, per ton topped cane do... 33.5 34 8 Second sugar 100° polarization per ton clean cane do Second sugar, 100° polarization, per ton topped came do 27.8 do 1,433 427 1,516 Yield of second sugar per acre do * Correction made for samples and skimmings. t Fifty pounds deduction for sugar added to massecuite in strike pan. EXPERIMENT NO. 7— ORDINARY AND ALCOHOL PROCESSES. Date: October 12, 1891. Variety and plat: Undendebule (Collier) ; plat 14. Gross cane (topped cane) tons. Trash.. ..do.. Clean cane do.. Clean cane lost (work of October 10)* do.. Clean cane removed in samples do. . Skimmings lost, calculated to clean cane do. . Net clean cane worked do. . Mean weight of cane per cell pounds . Trash, per cent topped cane 18. 2 Juice analyses. 25. 515 4.640 20. 875 2.829 .122 .612 17. 310 314 Normal juice. Diffusion juice. Degree Brix 20 82 11 68 15 02 8 55 Glucose do . . 1 29 67 72 10 73 20 Glucose per cent sucrose 8 G2 7 33 Exhausted chips. Sucrose lost in the exhausted chips, per cent cane, 0.82 (mean of seventeen analyses). *TMs experiment was commenced October 10, but owing to failure to secure a supply of cane the work was stopped and the juice rejected. 31 Sirups. A. B. Degree brix .... . . . 56 26 25 18 Sucrose per cent. 40. 30 20 53 Glucose . do 2 75 1 57 Purity coefficient 71.60 81 50 Glucose, per cent sucrose 6 75 7 Qi Filter-press cake. Weight of filter-press cake, 343 pounds. The press cake was very soft, owing to a leak in a steam-pipe connecting with the filter press. Through an error on the part of the employe" charged with secur- ing samples, the analysis did fairly represent the press cake, so no statements of loss can be made. Yield. (A) This portion was boiled to grain, but unfortunately the obstinate flat crys- tals,* which h*ive been previously mentioned, formed, and although the massecuite was " short," it was impossible to centrifugal it. After remaining sometime in the hot room this massecuite yielded 944 pounds of first sugar, polarizing 88°. The sec- ond masse cuite was left in the hot room at the end of the season. (B) The second half of the sirup was treated with alcohol and boiled to grain. Fifty pounds sugar were added to form a nucleus after the sirup had been concen- trated to proof. This sirup boiled very freely ; the massecuite was short. This sirup worked so well that it was decided to boil the massecuite very stiff. The small vacuum pan is provided with a 14-inch foot valve and small coils, neverthe- less it was almost impossible to discharge the massecuite. This sugar purged well, but slowly, in the centrifugal, while the massecuite was still hot, but soon began to dry very slowly. Had the boiling been discontinued a lew minutes sooner the yield of sugar would have been larger and the polarization higher. The yield of first massecuite was 2,334 pounds, and of first sugar 1,409 pounds. The sugar polarized 88.2°. The yield of sugar, per cent massecuite, was 60.5. De- ducting the sugar added, we have a net weight of 1,359 pounds first sugar. The molasses from the first sugar was boiled to string proof and left in the hot room until the end of the season. The weight of massecuite was 920 pounds and of second sugar 290 pounds. This sugar polarized 85.9°. Rfoumt of yield. UNDENDEBULE (COLLIEK) CANE. A. Clean cane worked tons. . Topped cane worked do . . . First masse cuite obtained pounds. . First sugar obtained do Polarization of first sugar degrees. . First sugar reduced to 100° polarization pounds . . First sugar per ton clean cane do First sugar per ton topped cane do First sugar, 100° polarization, per ton clean cane do First sugar, 100° polarization, per ton topped cane do Second sugar obtained do Polarization of second sugar degrees . . Second sugar reduced to 100° polarization pounds . . Second sugar per ton clean cane do Second sugar per ton topped cane do Second sugar, 100° polarization, per ton clean cane do Second sugar, 100° polarization, per ton topped cane do 1 Yield of first sugar per acre do 1 Y ield of second sugar per acre do '8.655 1 10. 580 944 88 831 109.1 89.2 96 78.5 1,084 '8.655 '10.580 2 2, 284 1, 359 88.2 1,199 157 128.4 126.9 113.3 290 85.9 249 33.5 27.4 28.7 23.5 1, 560 333 1 Correction made for samples and skimmings. 2 Fifty pounds sugar deducted for sugar added to massecuite in the strike pan. * See page 22. 32 EXPERIMENT NO. 8.— ORDINARY AND ALCOHOL PROCESSES. Date: October 14, 1891. Varieties and plats: No. 91 and No. 112; plats 38 and 41. Gross cane (topped cane) tons.. 23.375 Trash do 4. 080 Clean cane do 19. 295 Clean cane removed in samples do 150 Skimmings lost, calculated to clean cane do 584 Net clean cane worked do 18. 561 Mean weight of clean cane per cell pounds.. 309 Trash, per cent topped cane 17. 5 Juice analyses. Normal juice. Diffusion juice.* 18 40 1° 4 12 80 51 Purity coefficient 69.40 3 98 * Sample lost. Exhausted chips. Sucrose lost in exhausted chips, per cent cane, 0.62 (mean of eighteen analyses). Sirups. A. B. Degree Brix 53 57 32 86 Sucrose per cent . 36.40 26 28 2 17 1 37 Purity coefficient 67.90 79 80 6 25 5 10 Filter-press cake.. Total solids per cent.. Sucrose - do Alcohol (absolute) do 55.92 16.40 10.88 Weight of filter press cake pounds. . 396 The amount of sucrose lost in the press cake was 62.9 pounds and of alcohol 43.1 pounds. Yield. (A) This sirup was boiled to string proof. The yield of first massecuite was 3,162 pounds and of first sugar 1,373, polarizing 82.4°. The yield of sugar per cent masse cuite was 43.4. The molasses was boiled for second sugar, yielding 1,555 pounds of massecuite and 390 pounds second sugar. (B) The second half of the sirup was treated by the alcohol process and boiled to grain. Fifty pounds sugar were added to the concentrated sirup in the pan to form a nucleus. The weight of the first massecuite was 2,534 pounds and of first sugar 1,352 pounds. This sugar polarized 93.6°. The yield of sugar per cent massecuite was 53.4. The second massecuite was not ready to centrifugal at the end of the season. 33 Resume of yield. CANE NO. 91 AND NO. 112. A. B. tons. . *9 28 *9 28 do *11 248 *11 248 pounds 3, 1(52 t2, 484 do 1 373 tl 302 derives 82.4 93 6 1 131 1 219 do 147.9 140 3 do 122 1 115 7 First su 21.7 ; mean sucrose, 17.7 per cent ; mean purity, 80.6. These rows were in the center of plat No. 8. Next came two tows of Collier beginning on the north side of block No. 8 from pedigreed seed heads grown at Sterling, Kaus., of the following numbers and mean composition! Seed-head numbers, 8841, 8243, 8865, 8873, 9129, 9132, 9133, 9142, 9148, 9157, 9160, 9161, 9163, 9168, 9171, 9174, 9176, 9182, 9188, 9192, 9196, 9202, 9203, 9207, 9208; mean Brix, 21.25; mean sucrose, 17.62 per cent ; mean purity, 82.31 ; followed by two rows of Undendebule No. 1 from pedigreed seed heads from Sterling, Kaus., of the following numbers and mean com- position : Seed-head numbers, 8853, 8857, 9101, 9122, 9134, 9141, 9144, 9151, 9153, 9164, 9173, 9180, 9725, 9945, 9962, 10501; mean Brix, 20.73; mean sucrose, 16.75; mean purity, 80.8. Block No. 4. This block was deep-plowed and subsoiled. Beginning on the south side there was planted on the 25th of April with a hand drill six rows Orange and Amber or Colman cane from pedigreed seed heads from Sterling, Kaus., of the following numbers and mean composition : Seed-head numbers, 7753, 7760, 7766, 7771, 8271, 8280, 8296,8304,8362,8369, 8385, 8564, 8620, 8657, 10339, 10653; mean Brix, 21.12; mean HH- < rose, 17.17 per cent; mean purity, 81.29; followed by Colmau cane planted with a drill on the 25th of April from seed heads grown from Sterling, Kaus.; followed by six rows Orange and Amber cross (Colman cane) from pedigreed seed heads from Sterling, Kans., of the following numbers and mean composition: Seed-head num- bers, 8269, 8274, 8281, 8284, 8289, 8302, 8340, 8350, 8588, 8629, 8648, 8691 ; mean Brix, 20.07; mean sucrose, 16.48 per cent; mean purity, 82.11. Block No. 5. This block was deep-plowed and subsoiled and planted with a horse drill on the 30th of April with variety No. 161, bulk seed from Sterling, Kans. Block No. G. This block was deep plowed, subsoiled, and planted on the 30th of April with Colman cane, with a horse drill. The seed was from Sterling, Kans. Block No. 7. This block was deep-plowed and subsoiled. It was all planted in variety No. 160, with a horse drill, on the 1st of May. Block No. 8. This block was deep-plowed, subsoiled, and planted with variety No. 160, with a horse drill, on the 1st of May. Block No. 9. The whole of this block was planted with Link's Hybrid on the 24th of April. Plat 33 was planted with a planter, and plat 31 with a hand drill, with pedigreed seed from Sterling Kans., of the folio wing numbers and mean description : Seed-head numbers, 1994, 10422, 12005, 11997, 12002, 11993, 12011, 10430, 12007, 10481, 11525, 11510, 11501, 10464, 10458, 10485, 10478, 10444, 10482; mean Brix, 22.69; mean su- crose, 17.65; mean purity, 78.17. 55 Block No. 10. This block was plowed 10 inches deep and subsoiled to a depth of 16 inches. It was planted as follows : In plat 33, six rows of Early Amber were listed on the 22d of April. Plat 33, and extending four rows into plat 31, was planted with Early Orange on the 23d of April with a hoe. The rest of plat 31 with Early Orange, planted with a hoe, on the 24th of April. Block No. 11. This block was planted with Eatly Amber. Plat 36 was planted with a hoe on the 20th of April, and plat 34 with a lister on the 22d of April. This block was not sub- soiled. Block No, 12, The planting of cane on the experimental field commenced on the 20th of April ori this block. This block was planted as follows : On the north side are planted seven rows of variety No. 112 from pedigreed seed from Sterling, Kaus., of the following numbers and mean composition: Seed-head numbers, 5989, 5789, 6055, 6104, 6105, 6108, 6152, 6176, 6180, 6195, 6199, 6204, 6211, 6233, 6239, 6348, 7888, 7891, 7895, 7902, 8130; mean Brix, 20.33; mean sucrose, 16.91; mean purity, 80.04. Beginning with the eighth row from the north of plat 38, there are planted four rows of variety No. 126, from pedigreed seed heads from Sterling, Kans., of the fol- lowing numbers and mean composition: Seed-head numbers, 11919, 11920, 11921, 11922, 11923, 11924, 11925; mean Brix, 21.26; mean sucrose, 15.98; mean purity, 75.65. Three rows in the plat north of 38, of Early Amber; eleven rows of Early Amber on plat 39 ; four rows of No. 126 on plot 37, and seven rows of No. 112. This block was not subsoiled and all of it was planted with a lister except three rows of Early Amber in the north plat, which were planted with a hoe. Varieties No. 112 and 126 were planted on the 27th of April. Block No. IS. This block was not subsoiled and all the cane was listed. Beginning on the south side, it was planted with six rows of No. 91, from pedigreed seed heads from Ster- ling, Kans., of the following numbers and mean composition: Seed-head numbers, 11941, 11953, 11954, 11957, 11958, 11959, 11968, 11970, 11972, 11975, 11976, 11979, 11981, 11984, 11998, 11991, 11992; mean Brix, 23.38; mean sucrose, 17.71 per cent; mean purity, 75.32; followed by two rows of No. 160, from pedigreed seed heads from Ster- ling, Kans., of the following numbers and mean composition: Seed-head numbers, 7156, 7164, 7169, 10603, 11381, 12204, 12206, 12213; mean Brix, 22.24; mean sucrose, 17.11; mean purity, 76.93; followed by eight rows of Alapor Jowar from bulk seed from Sterling, Kans., followed by eight rows of Folger's Early, from pedigreed seed- heads from Sterling, Kans., of the following numbers and mean composition: Seed- head numbers, 7828, 7777, 7049, 8042, 7174, 7864, 8044, 7222, 7796, 7705, 7793, 7527, 8039, 7069, 7233, 8033, 7461, 7858, 7361, 7858, 7361, 7856, 7062, 7595, 7180, 7861, 7972, 8040, 7991, 7710; mean Brix, 20; mean sucrose, 16.91; mean purity, 84.55. Next came two rows of Planters' Friend from pedigreed seed heads from Sterling, Kans., of the following numbers and mean composition: Seed-head numbers, 9759, 7983, 9758, 9848, 9754, 9788, 9835, 9821, 9794, 9844, 9832; mean Brix, 19.74; mean sucrose, 14.21; mean purity, 71.98. Block No. 14. This block was not deep-plowed. The cane was all listed, and beginning on the south side there were planted five rows of Folger's Early from pedigreed seed heads from Sterling, Kans., of the following numbers and mean composition: Seed-head 56 numbers, 8036, 7288, 7322, 7926, 7570, 7947, 7328, *7240, 7799, 7950, 7714, 7575, 7378, 7694, 7386, 7600; mean Brix, 19.15; mean sucrose, 15.47; mean purity, 80.78; followed by three rows of Early Amber from Sterling, Kans., of the following numbers and mean composition: Seed-head numbers, 3795, 5461, 5448, 5449, 5732, 5558, 2692, 3793, 3790, 5413, 2928, 5447, 5337, 5442, 125, 3478, 2603, 2927, 3788, 3779, 4253, 2682, 5735, 2945, 756, 5200, 5548, 5336, 5458; mean Brix, 20.58; mean sucrose, 16.8; mean purity, 81.63; fol- lowed by 16 rows of India and Orange planted from bulk seed from Sterling, Kans., on the 29th of April. Block #0. 15. "This block was planted on the 29th of April with a lister, beginning on the south side with 16 rows of Ubehlana, followed on the north with ten rows of Colman cane on the 29th of April. DATA EELATINO TO CANE GROWN ON THE EXPERIMENTAL FIELD. CULTIVATION. The cultivation of the station field was conducted under the superin- tendency of Mr. Eli Benedict, to whose skill and enthusiasm the success of the cultural part of the work is due. Mr. Benedict gave the work his personal attention and by his careful oversight secured from the labor- ers the necessary precautions favorable to the proper growth of the young plants. In addition to the ordinary cultivation with harrow and plow, the plants were carefully hoed and thinned at from two to three weeks after coming up. The field was kept entirely free of weeds, the healthy and vigorous plants were retained in the process of thinning, and the agri- cultural aspect of the station at the time of the beginning of the harv- esting was all that the most fastidious could desire. The principles which controlled the cultivation were those naturally in force in the kind of climate prevailing at Medicine Lodge, namely, deep plowing in the preparation of the seed bed, thorough tilth of the surface secured by frequent stirring to shallow depth, and the proper attention to the young plantlets with the hand and hoe. So success- ful were the results of the cultural work that although during the lat- ter part of July and nearly the whole of August a severe drought pre- vailed, yet there was no firing of the plants, the leaves remaining green down to the ground up to the time of its maturity. Heretofore but little attention has been given to the necessity of care- ful culture, but the results of the first year of this kind of work are so encouraging as to lead to the entertainment of the hope that hereafter, in the growth of sorghum, the proper attention will be given to this important subject. YIELD AND QUALITY. It was thought best to make a comparative test of all the varieties of cane grown at as nearly as possible the same time. This was accom- plished with all the varieties, except the Early Amber, the whole of 57 which was used up in trials of the machinery at the factory. The time selected for this test was one that would represent as well as possible all the different varieties. Some of our earlier varieties were perhaps a little over ripe and some of the later varieties were decidedly green, but the tests made apply fairly well to all the varieties as they ap- peared at the middle of September. A measured quantity of an acre was taken for each determination. On serial numbers 2 to 10, inclusive, one row 1,000 feet long 3 feet 10 inches wide was cut, representing .088 of an acre. Eleven and four tenths (11.4) rows of this cane represent 1 acre. On serial numbers 1 and from 11 to 1G, inclusive, the rows were 1,089 feet in length, repre- senting .096 of an acre and 10.5 rows make 1 acre. An attempt was made to have the canes cut and all the weighings made as quickly as possible, so as to avoid changes in weight in the leaves due to the evaporation of the water which they contain. This was not always possible, but in nearly all of the cases the leaves were weighed before they had had time to loose weight from the cause stated. The method of obtaining the weights was as follows : The canes were cut and loaded in the field, the tops all being placed as evenly as possible on the wagon rack. The whole load was then weighed, the tops were immediately cut off with a cane knife, and the load reweighed, the difference in weights giving the weight of the seed tops. The seed tops were cut the usual length for manufacturing pur- poses. The topped cane was then run through the cutting and clean- ing apparatus, and the trash which was separated by the cleaning ap- paratus collected and weighed. This weight deducted from the weight of the topped cane gave the weight of the cleaned cane entering the cells of the battery. The number of cells of the battery filled divided into the total weight of cleaned cane entering the battery gave the weight of cleaned cane chips in each cell. The data give an accurate idea of the proportion of whole cane, seed tops, and leaves con- tained in canes which are still green. All the varieties of cane were green and vigorous, the blades being green almost to the ground. Of course the relative weights of blades to the cleaned cane and seed tops would be greatly altered after frost. DATA OBTAINED FOB EACH VARIETY. Folger's Early. This cane was cut on the 15th of September from block 13 : Weight of whole cane pounds.. 2,700 Weight of seed tops do 430 Weight of topped cane do.... 2,270 Weight of trash, that is, the material blown out by the cleaning apparatus pounds. . 323 Per cent of seed tops to whole cane 15. 93 Per cent of trash to whole cane... 11.96 58 Folger's Early — Continued. Per cent of trash to topped cane 14. 23 Yield of whole cane per acre tons . . 13. 96 Yield of seed tops per acre. do. . . 2. 23 Yield of trash per acre do. . . 1. 67 Yield of cleaned cane per acre do ... 10. 07 Sucrose in the juice per cent.. 15. 75 Bri x of the j nice , . do ... 22. 40 Purity of the juice . . do. . . 70. 3 Total quantity of sugar contained in the cleaned cane, per acre, pounds 2,745 Clean seed, per acre pounds . . 2, 340 The samples taken for analysis were obtained in the following way; As the cells of the battery were filling with the chips, ten small hand- fulls were taken out at as nearly as possible even intervals during the filling of the cells. The same method of sampling was followed through- out. The whole mass of chips thus obtained was then passed through a small sample mill and the juice expressed subjected to analysis. In this way it is believed that an absolutely fair sample of the cane is ob- tained. Colman Cane. Two samples of Colman Cane were taken from two separate plats. The first was taken from block No. 1 and was cut on the 16th of Sep- tember. Total weight of whole cane per acre tons . . 12. 08 Total weight of topped cane per acre do. . . 9. 80 Total weight of cleaned cane per acre do ... 8. 09 Total weight of seed heads per acre do ... 2. 28 Total weight of trash per acre do ... 1. 66 Number of stalks per acre 14, 022 Sucrose in juice per cent.. 14. 50 Yield of sugar per acre in cleaned cane pounds . . 2, 071 Link's Hybrid. The sample of Link's Hybrid was also taken from block No. 1 and was by no means as good a sample as was growing on another block of the experimental field. It was harvested and examined on the 16th of September. Weight of whole cane per acre tons.. 10. 72 Weight of topped cane per acre do. . . 8. 95 Weight of cleaned cane per acre do. . . 7. 67 Weight of seed tops per acre do ... 1. 77 Weight of trash per acre do ... 1. 26 Number of stalks per acra 11, 434 Sucrose in juice per cent.. 13. 1 Purity of juice .* do ... 68. 70 Yield of sugar per acre in cleaned cane pounds . . 1, 758 59 Black African. The sample of Black African examined was grown on Block No. 2. It was harvested and examined on the 16th of September. Weight of whole cane per acre tons . . 13. 17 Weight of topped cane per acre do ... 10. 66 Weight of cleaned cane per acre do. . . 9. 17 Weight of seed tops per acre do ... 2. 51 Nuniher of stalks per acre 15, 253 Weight of trash per acre tons. . 1. 48 Yields of clean seed per acre pounds. . 1. 093 Sucrose in the juice per cent . . 12. 95 Purity of the juice do. . . 69. 70 Yield of sugar per acre in cleaned cane pounds. . 2, 090 Early Orange. The Early Orange was harvested and examined on the 15fh of Sep- tember. It was grown on block 3. Whole cane per acre tons . . 14. 54 Topped cane per acre do ... 12. 08 Cleaned cane per acre do ... 9. 86 Seed heads .'.do... 2.45 Trash per acre do. .. 1. 64 Nuniher of stalks per acre 17, 533 Weight of clean seed per acre 1, 937 Sucrose in the juice 1 er rent.. 10.20 Purity of the juice do. . . 62. 70 Yield of sugar per acre in cleaned cane 1, 767 Collier cane. This cane was harvested and examined on the 16th of September and was grown on block No. 3. Weight of whole cane per acre tons . . 16. 36 Weight of topped cane per acre do. . . 14. 35 Weight of cleaned cane per acre do. .. 11. 48 Weight of seed tops per acre do ... 2. 00 Weight of trash per acre do. . . 1. 88 Weight of clean seed per acre pounds. . 1, 304 Number of stalks per acre 24, 339 Sucrose in the juice per cent . . 13. 75 Purity of the juice do... 69.2 Yield of sugar per acre in cleaned cane pounds . . 3, 021 Colman cane. This sample was harvested and examined on the 16th of September and was grown on block No. 3. Yield of whole cane per acre tons. . 14. 78 Yield of topped cane per acre do ... 13. 11 Yield of cleaned cane per acre do. . . 11. 51 Yield of seed tops per acre . do. . . 2. 52 60 Caiman cane — Continued. Yield of trash per acre , tons. . 1. ($ Yield of clean seed per acre pounds. . 2, 384 Number of stalks per acre 20, 995 Sucrose in the juice per cent . . 14. 10 Purity of the juice do... 71.6 Yield of sugar per acre in cleaned cane pounds. . 27 670 McLean. Harvested and examined on the 16th of September and grown on block No. 3. Yield of whole cane per acre tons.. 11.69 Yield of topped cane per acre do. . . 9. 58 Yield of cleaned cane per acre do 8. 61 Yield of seed tops per acre do 2. 11 Yield of trash per acre do .97 Yield of clean seed per acre pounds . . 1, 768 Number of stalks per acre 11, 147 Sucrose in the juice per cent . . 13. 55 Purity in the juice do ... 71. 3 Yield of sugar in cleaned cam-, p«-r a<-re pounds.. 2,104 Variety No. 161. Harvested and examined on the 17th of September. This sample was grown on block 6. Yield of whole cane per acre tons.. 15. 04 Yield of topped cane per acre do. . . 12. 65 Yield of cleaned cane per acre do... 10.89 Yield of seed tops per acre do 2. 34 Yield of trash per acre do ... 1. 77 Yield of clean seed per acre pounds. . 1, 904 Number of stalks per acre do. . . 24, 168 Sucrose in juice per cent.. 9.4 Purity in tLe juice do. .. 59.9 Yield of sugar in cleaned cane per acre pounds. . 1, 805 Variety No. 160. This plat was harvested and examined onthe 17th of September. It was grown on block 9. Yield of whole cane per acre tons.. 11.06 Yield of topped cane per acre do... 9.41 Yield of cleaned cane per acre tons.. 8. 38 Yield of seed tops per acre do. . . 1. 67 Yield of trash per acre do. .. 1. 03 Yield of seedper acre pounds.. 1, 196 Number of stalks per acre 15, 561 Sucrose in juice ,«per cent. . 12. 10 Purity in the juice do... 67.2 Sugar in cleaned cane per acre pounds. . 1, 995 61 Planter's Friend. Harvested and examined on the 18th of September. Grown on Block No. 15. Yield of whole cane per acre tons. . 14. 58 Yield of topped cane per acre do... 12.72 Yield of cleaned cane per acre do. .. 10. 60 Yield of seed tops per acre do. . . 1. 86 Yield of trash per acre do ... 2. 12 Yield of seed per acre pounds. . 1, 180 Number of stalks per acre 18, 622 Sucrose in juice per cent.. 14. 35 Purity of juice do... 68.51 Yield of sugar in cleaned cane per acre pounds . . 1, 870 India and Orange. Harvested and examined on the 18th of September. Grown on Block No. 16. Yield of whole cane per acre tons. . 13. 80 Yield of topped cane per acre do... 11.43 Yield of cleaned cane per acre do ... 9. 56 Yield of seed tops per acre do... 2.38 Yield of trash per acre do. . . 1. 86 Yield of seed per acre pounds . . 2, 099 Number of stalks per acre 15, 789 Sucrose in juice per cent.. 12.25 Purity of juice do... 68.51 Yield of sugar in cleaned cane per acre pounds . . 2, 059 Variety No. 91. Harvested and examined on the 18th of September. Grown on Block No. 13: Yield of whole cane per acre tons . . 14. 33 Yield of topped cane per acre do — 11. 47 Yield of cleaned cane per acre do. . . 10. 19 Yield of seed tops per acre do. . . 2. 49 Yield of trash per acre do. . . 1. 76 Yield of seed per acre pounds. . 2, 558 Number of stalks per acre 18, 095 Sucrose in juice per cent.. 12.45 Purity of juice do... 64.0 Yield of sugar in cleaned cane per acre pounds . . 2, 237 Variety No. 126. The cane was harvested on the 18th of September and was grown on Block No. 13: Yield of whole cane per acre tons.. 10.01 Yield of topped cane per acre do ... 9. 41 Yield of cleaned cane per acre do — 7. 01 Yield of seed tops per acre do ... 1. 61 Yield of trash per acre do. . . 1. 39 Yield of seed per acre pounds. . 1, 166 Number of stalks.p'er acre 13,959 Sucrose in juice per cent . . 16. 25 Purity of juice do... 73.1 Sugar in cleaned cane per acre .,„ pounds.. 2,294 62 Variety No. 112. Harvested and examined on the 18th of September. o. 13: Grown on Block Yield of whole cane per acre .......................... tons. . 13. 28 Yield of topped cane per aero .......................... do. . . 11. 27 Yield of cleaned cane per acre ......................... do ... 9. 53 Yield of seed tops per acre ............................. do ... 2. 01 Yield of trash per acre ................................ do. . . 1. 76 Yield of seed per acre .............................. pounds . . 2, 558 Number of stalks per acre ................................... 19, 87 i Sucrose in the j nice ............................... per cent . . 14. 15 Purity of j u ice ......................................... do ... 71 Weight of sugar in cleaned cane per acre ........... pounds . . 2, 369 Ubchlana. Harvested and examined on the 18th of September. Grown on Block No. 16: Yield of whole cane per acre .......................... tons.. 13.65 Yield of topped cane per acre .......................... do. . . 11. 42 Yield of cleaned cane per acre ......................... do ___ 9. 77 Yield of seed tops per acre ............................. do... 2.23 Yield of trash per acre ................................. do ___ 1. 65 Yield of seed per acre .............................. pounds. . 1, 399 Number of stalks per acre .................................. 17, 392 Sucrose in the juice ............................... per cent. . 12 Purity of juice ......................................... do.. . 65.8 Yield of sugar per acre of cleaned cane ............. pounds . . 2, 090 The foregoing data, for convenience of reference, are collected in the following table: Data calculated for one acre by careful measurement of cane (frown on a measured area. Serial No. Variety. Folger's Early Colmaii cane Link's Hybrid.... Black African Early Orange Collier Colmaii cane Australian No. 161 No.160 No. 91 No. 126 No. 112 Planters' Friend . . India and Orange. Ubehlana Date. Sept. 15 Sept. 16 ...do... ..do... ..do... ...do... ..do.... ..do... Sept. 17 ..do... Sept. 18 ..do... ..do... ..do... ..do... ..do .. Plot. Area. Acre. .096 .088 .088 ,088 ,088 .096 .096 .096 In .sample. Seed tops. Pounds. 430 400 310 440 430 350 460 370 410 290 460 310 430 Whole Pounds. 2,700 2,120 1,880 2,310 2,550 2,870 2,760 2,050 2,630 1,940 2,770 2,130 2,570 2,«20 2,670 2,640 Topped Pounds. 2,270 1,720 1,570 1,870 2,120 2, 520 2,300 1,680 2,220 1,650 2,310 1,820 2,180 2,460 2,210 2,210 Trash. Pounds. 323 290 220 260 aw 330 280 170 310 180 340 270 340 410 360 320 Clean cane. Pounds. 1,947 1,430 1,350 1,610 1,730 2,190 2, 020 1,510 1,910 1,470 1,970 1, 550 1,840 2,050 1,850 1,890 63 Data calculated for one acre l)y careful measurement of cane grown on a measured area — Continued. Serial No. Variety. Seed tops on whole cane. Trash on whole cane. Trash on topped cane. Per acre. Whole cane. Topped cane. Clean cane. Seed tops. Trash. Clean seed. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Folger's Early Per ct. 15.93 18.89 16.49 19.00 16.86 12. 20 16.66 18.05 15.59 14.94 17.33 14.55 15.18 12. 77 17.23 16. 29 Per ct. 11.96 13.68 11.70 11.26 11.37 11.50 10.15 8.29 11.79 9.29 12.27 12.68 13.23 14.54 13.48 12.12 Per ct. 14. 23 16.86 14.01 13.90 13. 68 13.09 12.17 10.12 13.96 10.91 17.59 14.83 15.60 16.67 16.29 14.48 Tons. 13.96 12. 08 10. 72 13.17 14. 54 16.36 14.78 11.69 15.04 11.06 14.33 10.01 13.28 14.58 13.80 13.65 Tons. 11.74 9.80 8.95 10.66 12.08 14.35 13.11 9.58 12.65 9.41 11.47 9.41 11.27 12.72 11.43 11.42 Tons. 10.07 8.09 7.67 9.17 9.86 11.48 11.51 8.61 10.89 8.38 10.19 7.01 9.53 10.60 9.56 9.77 Tons. 2.23 2.28 1.77 2.51 2.45 2.00 2.52 2.11 2.34 1.67 2.49 1.61 2.01 1.86 2.38 2.23 Tons. 1.67 1.66 1. 26 1.48 1.64 1.88 1.68 .97 1.77 1.03 1.76 1.39 1.76 2.12 1.86 1.65 Lbs. 23.40 Black African 10.93 19.37 13.04 23.84 17.68 19.04 11.96 25.58 11.66 25.58 11.80 20.99 13.99 Early Orange Colinan cane A ustralian No.161 No 160 No 91 . No. 126 No. 112 Planters' Friend India and Orange TTbehlana Serial No. Variety. No. stalks in sain- pin. No. stalks per acre. Aver- age weight of whole cane. Aver- age weight of clean cane. Su- crose in juice. Srix. Pur- ity. No. cells tilled. Cane in each cell. Sugar per acre. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Folger's Early Lbs. Lbs. Per ct. 15. 75 14.50 13. lo' 12. 95 10.20 13.75 14.10 14.55 9.40 12.10 12.45 16.25 14.15 14.35 12.25 12.00 Per ct. 22.40 20.88 19.07 18.57 16.26 19.88 19.71 20.41 15.70 18.00 19.44 22.24 19.95 20. 35 17.88 18.38 70.3 69.4 68.7 69.7 62.7 69.2 71.6 71.3 59.9 67.2 64.0 73.1 71.0 70.5 68.5 65.8 Lbs. * 332 346 322 304 365 337 306 335 334 339 329 334 354 370 363 Lbs. 2,745 2,071 1,758 2,090 1,767 3,021 2,670 2,104 1,805 1,995 2,237 2,294 2,369 1,870 2,059 2,090 Colinan cane 1,230 1,003 1,338 1,546 2,135 1,970 1,505 2, 120 1,365 1,750 1,350 1,922 1,801 1,527 1,682 14, 022 11,434 15, 253 17, 523 24, 339 20, 995 11, 147 24, 168 15, 561 18, 095 13, 955> 19, 874 18, 622 15, 789 17, 392 1.72 1.87 1.73 1.65 1.34 1.40 1.36 1.24 1.42 1.58 1.58 1.34 1.57 1.75 1.57 1.16 1.35 1.20 LH 1.03 1.03 1.00 .90 1.08 1.13 1.15 .96 1.14 1.21 1.12 4.3 3.9 5.0 5.7 6.0 6.0 4.95 5.7 4.4 5.8 4.7 5.0 5.8 5.0 5.2 Link's Hybrid . . Black A frican Collier Colinan cane Australian No 161 No. 160 No. 91 No 126 No. 112 Planters' Friend India and Orange Ubehlana Not determined. DESCRIPTIONS OF ABOVE CANES. Folger's Early — Seed ripe. Canes sturdy and of even appearance. Colman — Seed mostly hard, some in dough. Cane moderately tall, stocky, stands up well. Link's Hybrid — Seed at least half in dough, rest moderately hard. Cane quite green, leaves all green to butts. Tall but stocky, stands up well. Slack African — Seed mostly hard, some in dough. Canes very tall and slender, in places badly tangled. 64 Early Orange— Seed hard. Caiie stands up well. Collier— Seed, mostly in milk and dough. Cane very tall, but stands up well. Very green. Colman— Seed mostly hard, very few being in dough. Cane stands straight and strong. Australian — Seed hard. Cane had lain cut in sun from morning till 3 p. m; leaves wilted. No. 161 — Seed apparently ripe. Cane large, fine-looking, and stands up well. Leaves very green. No. 160 — Seed mostly hard, leaves green. Canes tall and slender, somewhat tangled. No. 91— Seed apparently ripe, blades green. Canes tall, slender, of uneven height and standing well No. 126 — Seed ripe, leaves very green. Cane quite slender, standing well. No. 112 — Seed ripe, leaves very green. Cane short and stocky. Planter*' Friend— Seed mostly hard, but some in dough. Cane very vigorous; leaves green. India and Orange — Seed mostly hard, but some in dough. Leaves very green. Cane vigorous and stocky. Ubchlana — Seed half in dough ; leaves quite green. Cane fine and stocky. CULTURAL WORK AT CALUMET (PATTERSON, LA.) [Conducted under the direction of Mr. WIBRAY J. THOMPSON, by Mr. P. E. COOMBS.] The experimental cultivation of sugar-producing varieties of sorghum cane, the results of which for the seasons of 1889 and 1890 have already been published, was continued in 1891, with the employment of similar methods of planting, of agricultural treatment, and of chemical exam- ination. Effort was concentrated even more than in former years upon the selection of seed for propagation from canes of high value, and little or no time was given to investigating questions which did not possess an immediate bearing upon the main work of improvement of varieties. Such matters as tonnage, appropriate fertilizers, and the like are cer- tainly of the highest importance in their influence upon the final suc- cess or failure of the plant as an economic source of sugar, but it is primarily necessary to acquire a sorghum which shall insure reasonably good returns for the expense of its proper cultivation. And, having gained that point, its agricultural needs would be more properly the province of State experiment stations to discover than of individual planters, who are generally quite too busily occupied in the practice to afford much time to the theory of agronomy. Recognizing, however, the need of establishing for how long a period the more valuable varieties of sorghum can be trusted to furnish, con- tinuously, canes of high purity and sucrose after a satisfactory condi- tion in these regards has been reached during the plant's growth, as well as the value of analyses of average samples in the comparison of varieties, a limited number of such was chosen and plots of large size were planted, intended to furnish average samples unvitiated by any culling out of canes for seed selection. All the average samples ana- lyzed were drawn from these plots, and none of the seed selection plots were used for any work besides analyses of single canes, 65 Among the striking peculiarities of sorghum cane, and one which has been noticed throughout the whole time of its culture on this plantation, is its extreme susceptibility to variation of weather or of soil. It has been found that for any variety of sorghum grown here no period of growth — or, better, length of time required from germination to matur- ity— can be even approximately assigned. For the same variety, grown in two seasons, or planted at different dates in the same season, this period may differ by from three to nearly six weeks. This fact is one which for the present sets at naught any attempt to arrange two or more plantings which shall follow each other with any reasonable reg- ularity in date of ripening. Before proceeding with the account of the season's results, the valu- able assistance rendered in the laboratory and otherwise by Mr. O. D. Berwick, jr., of Bayou Sale, La., should be acknowledged. EXPERIMENTS OF 1891. In the season's experiments two plantings were made at different dates, it being judged unwise to risk the result of past years7 propa- gation work to the chances of entire loss by drought or excessive rains which might destroy one planting, but would scarcrly continue long enough to endanger two. By this plan, also, it was hoped to distribute the selection of seed over a longer period, avoiding much hurried and therefore unsatisfactory work in the laboratory. After study of the field and chemical data collected during the sea- sons of 1889 and 1890 at Calumet, with many varieties of sorghum, it was decided to continue trial of the following ten : Early Orange, Link's Hybrid, Collier's, Ubehlana, Improved Orange, Late Orange, Planter's Friend, Colman Cane, Sterling (plat No. 14 of 1888), Bed Liberian. Of these varieties, Colman Cane, Collier's, Planter's Friend, Link's Hybrid, Early, Late, and Improved Orange, were considered to be of best promise, lied Liberian and Sterling (plat No. 14) were retained for a final trial, but with little expectation that they would prove better than in the past. Besides the Calumet-grown stock of Colman Cane, Collier's, and Link's Hybrid, a number of selected seed heads of these varieties, grown at Sterling, Kans., in 1890, were received from Mr. A. A. Denton, superintendent of the Department of Agriculture experi- ment station at that place. From him were also received a few heads labeled " Sterling, lot No. 161," described as a cross of Link's Hybrid with Early Amber, resembling in form the Link's Hybrid type. In addition to the above a few special plats were made with seed from certain large sports or crosses produced in several of the 1890 plots. The varieties upon which seed selection work was done this season were planted in plats each from a single head, as before noted, and were in most cases duplicated in the two plantings. The field in which the 1891 plats were grown was one upon which no sorghum had been previously planted, and was in a crop of ratoon 21383— No. 34 5 66 sugar cane when chosen. On March 27 the stubble of this cane was plowed out and destroyed, the soil very thoroughly loosened, and the rows destined for the sorghum were further mellowed and opened out by hoe and in readiness for planting. The earth being in excellent con- dition at this time, the first series of plats was seeded on the following day, dropping and covering to a depth of 1 inch, being done by hand as in all former experiments with sorghum here. To guard against likelihood of crossing, alternate parallel rows, 28 feet apart, were used for the first series of plats, and as far as practicable, the latter maturing varieties intervened between the earlier kinds. The alternate unused rows were afterward occupied by the later planting. When both series had been planted the order was as follows: Plat No. 1, an early variety, first series; plat No. 2, an early (or late) variety, sec- ond series; plat No. 3, a late variety, first series; plat No. 4, a late (or early) variety, second series, etc., these neutral plats thus always lying between any two which were at all likely to be in flower at the same period. Three tiers of parallel rows completed the field, with plenty of space between the opposite ends of the plats. Seed were planted much more thinly than in former seasons and the little thinning of canes afterward needed was done as required. Culti- vation was confined to keeping the rows free from weeds and grass and the soil from baking on the surface, and was chiefly effected by hand hoeing. One plowing was given to this series on the one hundred and eighth day, breaking out the soil between the rows at a distance suffi- cient to avoid damaging the roots, this being the final working. On the 30th of March, the second day following, three large plats (single rows) were planted for the average sample work, these being designated by letters and representing Collier's, Link's Hybrid, and Col- man Cane, and on April 1 a fourth such plat (of Early Orange), the last being planted with and receiving the same scanty attention as a crop of Red Liberian grown for forage in another field. A week of cold weather ensued, frost forming on the night of April 5, and germination was checked, very few plants having shown above the ground. Following upon this setback was a drought, but two inap- preciable showers falling in seventy -one days, from March 28 to June 7, on the latter date a rain of lg inches occurring. The influence of this dry weather was disastrous upon the sorghum, and was intensified by the fact that no cultivation was given the plats while it lasted, thus allowing the surface of the ground to bake and harden. At the date last mentioned the plats hardly averaged a 25 per cent stand, and the canes which survived were of all heights and sizes, and to all appear- ances the whole planting seemed an utter failure. From June 7 to 18 warm, wet weather prevailed, 6 inches of measured rainfall occurring in this period, which not only produced a great improvement in canes already up, but also caused an unlookedfor germination of seed which had lain in the ground since the date of planting, more than two jnouths 67 before. Dry, hot weather succeeded until the 25th of June ; afterwards, alternations of hot and bright weather with frequent rains afforded ex- cellent growth conditions until the 24th of August, when a term of unusually low temperature began, the thermometer reaching a minimum of 57° F. on the night of the 25th, and no really warm days were expe- rienced until the first of September, by which time the canes of the first planting had for the most part reached full maturity. The effects of the weather conditions upon the first series were: A check to germination at the start, due to low temperature injuring all the plots and destroying two of them entirely; a further injury by drought, preventing germination of such seed as had not sprouted at the outset and retarding growth generally, this evil being possibly in- creased by the lack of cultivation. The average length of time required by this series before the panicles appeared exceeded that of the second series by forty two days ; very great improvement in all the plots by hot, moist weather, the stand largely increasing by the starting up of dormant seed. Agriculturally considered, this planting was far from successful, and a crop of sorghum grown for sugar making under the same conditions would have been a complete loss. Below are given the plats of the first series, showing the source and juice analysis of the parent (1890) canes, best single stacks found in the derived (1891) plats, and any notes of description which seem worth re- cording. FIRST SERIES— PLANTED FROM SINGLE HEADS FOR SEED SELECTION. Plat No. 1 (Early Orange). — Derived from best single cane selected from Calumet Plat B, 1890, cut on the one hundred and seventh day from planting. Juice of this cane, serial No. 458, 1890: Sucrose, 15.35; purity, 75.69; glucose, .59; nonsugars, 4.34. Best single stalk of derivato plat, serial No. 284, 1891, cut on the one hundred and fifty-fourth day: Sucrose, 16.85; purity, 80.97; glucose, .59; nonsugars, 3.37. About 40 per cent stand was attained. Panicles fully developed by the one hundred and twentieth day ; seed matured by the one hundred and forty-sixth. Plat No. 3 (Red Liberian). — Derived from the best single cane selected from Calu- met Plat 5 A, 1890, cut on the one hundred and thirty-fourth day from planting. Juice analysis of this cane, serial No. 207, 1890: Sucrose, 14.20; purity, 71.53. Best single stalk of derivate plat, serial No. 457, 1891, cut on its one hundred and sixty- fourth day: Sucrose, 16.15; purity 74.73; glucose, 2.46; nonsugars, 3. Panicles fully out by the one hundred and twentieth day ; seed hard by the one hundred and fortieth day. This variety is to be discontinued at Calumet, having given in two years' culture no canes of as high analysis as the parent (Kansas) stock, being too low in purity to warrant further trial, and having nothing to recommend it in point of size or form. Plat No. 5 (Link's Hybrid). — Derived from the second best single cane selected from Calumet Plat C, 1890, cut on the one hundred and thirty-fourth day from planting. Juice analysis of this cane, serial No. 497, 1890: Sucrose, 15.10; purity, 79.97. Best single stalk of derivate plat, serial No. 332, 1891, cut on the one hundred and fifty- seventh day: Sucrose, 18.45 ; purity, 82.55; glucose, .74; nonsugars, 3.16. Panicles for the most part developed by the one hundred and thirteenth day; seed hardening by the one hundred and fortieth day. Stand of about 80 per cent secured. Notably a variety prone to offshoots. 68 Plat No. 7 ( Collier's}. — Derived from the second best single cane selected from Calumet Plat No. 22, 1890, cut on its one hundred and twenty-third day. Juice analysis of this cane, serial No. 414, 1890: Sucrose, 17.15, purity, 80.93. Best single stalk of derivate plat, serial No. 226, 1891, cut on its one hundred and fifty -first day: Sucrose, 18.95 ; purity, 83.59 ; glucose, .57 ; norisugars, 3.15. Panicles fully out by the one hundred and thirteenth day ; seed brittle by the one hundred and forty-seventh day. Very slen- der canes, remarkably scanty in seed production ; 40 per cent stand attained. Plat No. 9 (Link's Hybrid). — Derived from the best of two single seed heads grown at Sterling, Kans., in 1890, and received from Mr. A. A. Denton. Juice analysis of the parent cane, labeled "Lot No. 59, serial No. 12041, 1890 :" Sucrose, 17.10; purity, 79.90. Best single stalk of derivate plat, serial No. 135, 1891, cut on the one hundred and forty-seventh day : Sucrose, 18.00; purity, 89.78; glucose, .78;nousugars, 1.27. Many panicles out by the one hundred and twentieth day, but development was not reg- ular, and as many canes had at that date no indication of heading. Seed for the most part hard by the one hundred and forty-seventh day. A very poor stand of rather slim canes. Fewer offshoots than the older (Calumet) stock. Plat No. 11 ( Ubehlana). — Derived from the best single cane selected from Calumet Plat No. 18, 1890. Juice analysis of this cane, serial No. 227, 1890, cut on the one hundred and thirty-fourth day: Sucrose, 14.60; purity, 73.18. Best single stalk of derivate plat, serial No. 504, 1891, cut on its one hundred and sixty-eighth day : Su- crose, 17.55 ; purity, 77.48 ; glucose, 1.50 ; nousugars, 3.60. Panicles fully out by the one hundred and twenty-fifth day ; seed hard by the one hundred and fifty -fifth day. This plat was nearly destroyed by the cold weather at the beginning of the season, and was very gappy and irregular. Such canes as survived maintained the previous record of the variety for large size and abundant yield of juice. Plat No. 13 (Improved Orange). — No seed germinated. Plat No. 15 (Planter's Friend). — Derived from the best single cane selected from Calumet Plat, No. 17, 1890. Juice analysis of this cane, serial No. 269, 1890, cut on its one hundred and thirty-seventh day: Sucrose, 17.00; purity, 78.63. Best single stalk of derivate plat, serial No. 363, 1891, cut on its one hundred and fifty-eighth day: Sucrose, 20.10; purity, 81.44; glucose, .92; nonsugars, 3.66. Panicles all fully out by the one hundred and twentieth day ; seed hard by the one hundred and forty- eighth day. A moderately good stand was secured in this plat; canes of only fair size. Plat No. 17 (Late Orange). — Derived from the second best single cane selected from Calumet Plat No. 6, 1880. Juice analysis of this cane, serial No. 3, 1890, cut on its one hundred and twenty-first day : Sucrose, 16.25; purity, 79.58. Best single stalk of derivate plat, serial No. 440, 1891, cut on its one hundred and sixty-fourth day: Sucrose, 18.50; purity, 82.92; glucose, 1.22; nonsugars, 2.58. Panicles out by the one hundred and thirteenth day ; seed hardening by the one hundred and forty-fifth ; a good stand of vigorous canes. Noted, however, with Plat No. 18, also Late Orange, as the only canes seriously affected with "red disease" this season. Plat No. 19 (Colman Cane). — No canes came up. Plat No 21 (Sterling, Kans., Lot No. 161, 1890). — Derived from the best of two sin- gle heads grown at Sterling in 1890, and received from Mr. A. A. Denton. Juice analysis of parent cane, serial No. 10050, Sterling, 1890: Sucrose, 16.95; purity, 79.30. Best single stalk of derivate plat, serial No. 179, 1891, cut on its one hundred and forty-ninth day : Sucrose, 17.50; purity, 81.13; glucose, .53; iionsugars, 3.54. Pani- cles fully out by the one hundred and thirteenth day ; seed hard about one hundred and thirty-fifth day. The canes of this plat and of Plat No. 22 (same variety) were very deficient in seed-producing power, the primary panicles being almost or quite barren. A very good stand was grown in this plat, but the canes were exceedingly slender and developed axillary panicles profusely, each cane bearing from three to four of them as early as the one hundred and twentieth day; not a satisfactory variety in any respect. 69 Plat No. S3 (Sterling, Eans., Plat No. 14 of 1888.) — Derived from the best single cane selected from Calumet Plat No. 13, 1890. Juice analysis of this cane, serial No. 254, 1890, cut on its one hundred and thirty-sixth day: Sucrose, 15.35; purity, 7G.02. Best single stalk of derivato plat, serial No. 371, 1891, cut on its one hundred and fifty-eighth day : Sucrose, 16.25; purity, 79.02; glucose, 1.50; nonsugars, 2.80. Many (reverting?) canes in this plat and in Plat No. 24, same variety, were noted as ap- proaching the "gooseneck" form in varying degrees. Not a variety worth further experiment here. Plat No. 39 (Collier's, Sterling, Kans., lot No. 1 of 1890}.— Derived from the best of two single heads grown at Sterling in 1890, and received from Mr. A. A. Denton. Juice analysis of parent cane, serial No. 9170, 1890: Sucrose, 17.89; purity, 82.03. Best single stalk of derivate plat, serial No. 324, 1891, cut on its one hundred and fifty-sixth day : Sucrose, 20.55 ; purity, 82.10; glucose, .51; nousugars, 3. i'7 Panicles all fully out by the one hundred and thirteenth day; seed hardening by the one hun- dred and forty-fifth. A thin stand of unevenly developed canes. The same tendency to barrenness of panicles as remarked of other plats of this variety. SPECIAL PLATS — CROSSES OR VARIATIONS. Plats Nos. 25 to 37, inclusive, were planted from certain specially noted and large canes found among the various plats grown in 1890, and selected chiefly on account of size. A little analytical work was done on all of these special plats, but only one of them was found at all promising. Plat No. %7 (from a plat of Red Libcriari). — Derived from a large cane selected from Calumet plat, No. 5 A, 1890. The parent cane was noted for very great size and late maturity, and was in appearance totally unlike any variety tried on this plantation. On the one hundred and eighty-sixth day, when cut and analyzed, this cane was 15 feet in total length and something over 1 inch in diameter at the largest internode. Juice analysis, serial No. 706, 1890 : Sucrose, 9.25 ; purity, 65.84 ; glucose, 1.24 ; nonsug- ars, 3.56. Best single stalk of derivate plat, serial No. 583, 1891, cut on its one hundred and seventy-ninth day: Sucrose, 11.15; purity, 64.46; glucose, 2.33; nonsugars, 3.82. Less than a dozen seeds were secured from the parent cane, nine of which came up, and by profused tillering gave an excellent stand. Panicles appearing at irregular intervals, the first being observed on the one hundred and thirtieth day. On the one hundred and forty-eighth day, nineteen canes were growing in this plat; on the one hundred and fifty-fifth day seed began to mature, the tillers being indistin- guishable from the seedlings, and all were of as remarkably large size as the original 1890 cane. Excepting Plat No. 27, all the special plats of the first planting were characterized by great diversity of form and type among the canes produced, and were noted rather for size than for any value as sugar-producing varieties. Enough analytical work was performed on them to sufficiently demonstrate their unfitness for further propagation. But No. 27 showed the marks of a stable variety, and its large canes and their yield of juice seem worth an attempt towards raising its chemical stand- ard and shortening its period of growth by future selection. LARGE PLATS FOR AVERAGE SAMPLES. Plat A (Early Orange}. — Planted with mixed selected seed from several canes grown in Calumet Plat B, 1890. A single long row in the midst of a field of Red Liberian (forage crop) was used for this crop, and afterwards intentionally received the same lack of attention and cultivation. Drought led to the abandonment of this plat, scarcely any stand being secured by the one hundred and eighteenth day, and a second planting with the remaining portion of the same seed was made elsewhere. Later rains eo helped matters that a return was made to the original plat and analytical work regularly done upon the canes. Juice analysis of an average sample from the parent 70 plat, Serial No. 170, 1890, cut on the one hundred and twenty-second day : Sucrose, 8.00; purity, 62.69; glucose, 1.43; nonsugars, 3.33. Best average sample from deri- vate plat, Serial No. 4, 1891, cut on the one hundred and forty-ninth day : Sucrose, 12.85; purity, 78.21; glucose, 1.52; nonsugars, 2.06. Plat B (Colliers}. Planted March 30 with mixed selected seed from canes grown in Calumet Plat No. 22, 1890. Analysis of an average sample from parent plat, Se- rial No. 106, 1890, cut on the one hundred and nineteenth day : Sucrose, 16.60; purity, 77.14; glucose, 0.69 ; nonsugars, 4.23. Best average sample from derivate plat, Serial No. 11, 1891, cut on the one hundred and fifty-fourth day: Sucrose, 18.35; purity, 81.11; glucose, 0.61; nonsugars, 3.65. Though much injured by drought, this plat gave a good stand. Barrenness of panicles as pronounced as in all plats of this variety. Plat C (Link's Hybrid). — A failure; only half a dozen canes were produced. Plat I) (Colman Cane). — Planted March 30 with mixed selected seed from canes grown in Calumet Plat A, 1890. A very fair stand of handsome stocky uniform canes. Average of ninety-six single stalk analyses of parent plat, 1890: Sucrose, 15.12; purity, 75.94. Best average sample from derivate plat Serial No. 30, 1891, cut on its one hundred and seventy-fifth day : Sucrose, 18.90 ; purity, 81.47 ; glucose, 0.57 ; 11011- sugars, 3.73. This was in all points the best plat grown in 1891. Although designed for average sample work only, yet owing to the inferior canes afforded by the single head plats of Colinaii cane two days of seed selection work were given to this plat, but the canes were so taken as to interfere scarcely at all with the value of the aver- age samples. Average samples from the foregoing lettered plats were drawn by cutting ten con- secutive canes at each sampling, beginning at one end of the row and progressing toward the other. Samples were taken from all the plats on the same date and at (usually) weekly intervals throughout the season. A sample was in the same manner taken from a row of the forage sorghum adjoining Plat A on each occasion. SECOND SERIES — PLANTED FROM SINGLE HEADS FOR SEED SELECTION. The second series of plats, all from single heads, were planted on June 8, after newly plowing out the rows, in the same field and in alternation with the plats of the earlier scries. The conditions of weather which prevailed during the period between June 8 and October 15 favored a steady and regular growth. A perfect stand was had in all these plats. The cultivation was similar to that given the first series, but better timed. Plats and varieties were as follows: Plat No. 2 (Early Orange). — Derived from the second best single cane selected from Calumet Plat B, 1890. Juice analysis of this cane, Serial No. 455, 1890, cut on its one hundred and seventh day: Sucrose, 14.75; purity, 76.50. Best single stalk of derivate plat, Serial No. 591, 1891, cut on the one hundred and ninth day : Sucrose, 16.90; purity, 80.67; glucose, 0.98; nonsugars, 3.07. Panicles fully out by the sixty- eighth day, seed-hardening by the ninety-third day. A handsome plat, canes of fair size, and remarkably regular in form and type. Plat No. 4 (Etd Liberian). — (It was decided to discontinue the variety, and no an- alytical work was done upon the plat.) Plat No. 6 (Link's Hybrid). — Derived from the best single cane selected from Calu- met Plat C, 1890. Juice analysis of this cane, serial No. 496, 1890, cut on the one hun- dred and ninth day: Sucrose, 15.60; purity, 78.54; glucose, 0.36; nonsugars, 3.52. Best single stalk of derivate plat, Serial No. 814, 1891, cut on the one hundred and twenty-seventh day: Sucrose, 16.39; purity, 79.99; glucose, 0.65; nousugars, 3.45. Panicles fully out by the sixty-eighth day, seed hardening by the ninety-third day. Canes slenderer than those of Plat No. 5 of the same stock, first series. Plat No. 8 (Collier's). — Derived from the best single cane selected from Calumet Plat No. 22, 1890. Juice analysis of this cane, Serial No. 403, 1890, cut 011 the one hundred 71 and twenty-third day: Sucrose, 17.60; purity, 84.65. Best single stalk of derivate plat, Serial No. 558, 1891, cut 011 the one hundred and fifth day: Sucrose, 19.15; purity, 83.12. Panicles fully out by the sixty-eighth day ; seed hardened by the ninety-third day. Seed scanty, but more produced than in plats 7 to 39 of same variety. This plat was planted from a cane of very high purity, with the intent of making a special effort to breed a strain having that characteristic. The fact that 66.7per cent of all the canes analyzed in this plat showed purity of 80 per center above (the lowest being 76.9) is sufficient comment upon one phase of artificial selection. Plat No. 10 (Link's Hybrid). — Derived from the second choice of two single heads grown at Sterling, Kaiis., in 1890, and received from Mr. A. A. Deuton. Juice anal- ysis of the parent cane labeled, "Lot No. 60," Serial No. 11996, 1890: Sucrose, 18.25; . purity, 78.05. Best single stalk of derivate plat, Serial No. 597, 1891, cut on the one hundred and ninth day: Sucrose, 17.15; purity, 80.06; glucose, 0.93 ; nonsugars, 3.34. Panicles fully out by the sixty-eighth day ; seed brittle by the ninety-third day. Canes not very regular in height or size but type of panicle uniform. A heavy seed- bearing variety. Plat No. 12 ( Ulehlana).— Derived from the second best cane selected from Calumet Plat No. 18, 1890. Juice analysis of this cane, Serial No. 334, 1890, cut on its one hundred and forty-seventh day : Sucrose, 14.14; purity, 73.24. Best single stalk of derivate plat, Serial No. 900, 1891, cut on the one hundred and thirty-first day: Su- crose, 16.15; purity, 77.16; glucose, 2.07; nonsugars, 2.74 (apparently not a mature cane). Panicles fully out by the seventy-sixth day; seed hardening by the one hundred and twentieth day. Canes as a rule of moderately large size and of very uniform type and development. Plat No. 14 (Improved Orange}. — Derived from the best single cane selected from Calumet Plat, No. 8, 1890. Juice analysis of this cane, Serial No. 75, 1890, cut on its one hundred and twenty-seventh day: Sucrose, 17.10; purity, 77.46. Best single stalk of derivate plat, Serial No. 560, 1891, cut on the one hundred and fifth day: Sucrose, 17.80; purity, 80.84. Panicles all fully out by the seventy-sixth day, some appearing, however, eight days earlier. Seed hard to brittle by the ninety-third day. Stand not satisfactory and canes of rather small size. Plat No. 16 (Planter's Friend). — Derived from the best single cane selected from Calumet Plat No. 17, 1890. Juice analysis of this cane, Serial No. 216, 1890, cut on the one hundred and thirty-fourth day: Sucrose, 17.65; purity, 77.92. Best single stalk of derivate plat, Serial No. 630, 1891, cut on the one hundred and twelfth day: Sucrose, 17.00; purity, 77.87; glucose, 1.42; uonsugars, 3.41. Panicles all fully out by the sixty-eighth day, seed hardening by the one hundred and twentieth day. This plat was the poorest in stand of the second series. Canes slender and greatly damaged by worms when about 15 inches tall, never recovering entirely. Type of heads not uniform. Plat No. IS (Late Orange). — Derived from the best single cane selected from Calu- met Plat No. 6, 1890. Juice analysis of this cane, Serial No. 2, 1890, cut on its one hundred and twenty-first day : Sucrose, 16.60; purity, 79.35; glucose, 2.19; nonsugars, 2.13. Best single stalk of derivate plat, Serial No. 836, 1891, cut on the one hundred and twenty-eighth day: Sucrose, 17.00; purity, 80.68; glucose, 1.64; nonsugars 2.35. Panicles fully out by the sixty-eighth day; seed hard by the one hundred and tenth day. Slender canes of uniform type. Plat No. 20 (Colman Cane). — Derived from the third choice single cane, selected from Calumet Plat No. 16, 1890. Juice analysis of this cane, Serial No. 301, 1890, cut on the eighty-fourth day: Sucrose, 16.75; purity, 78.93. Best single stalk of derivate plat, Serial No. 827, 1891, cut on the one hundred and twenty -eighth day: Sucrose, 16.85 ; purity, 81.28 ; glucose, 1.06; nonsugars, 2.82. Panicles fully out by the sixty-eighth day; seed hardening by the ninety-third day. Very short, slender canes, but perfectly true to type of the variety otherwise. This plat was originally 72 intended to \>e planted with seed selected from Calumet Plat A of 1890, the single head plat of that year and variety, hut the seed reserved for the purpose were found to be musty when the time came for planting, and Serial No. 301, from another plat, was substituted, this plat, No. 16 of 1890, having been derived from the mixed seed of two heads of lower quality. Plat No. 22 (Sterling, Kansas, "Lot No 161," 1890}. — Derived from the second choice of two single heads grown at Sterling in 1890, and received from Mr. A. A. Deiitou. Juice analysis of this cane labeled, "Lot No. 161, Serial No. 8189, 1890 :" Sucrose, 14.60; purity, 81.60. Best single stalk of derivate plat, Serial No. 642, 1891, cut 011 the one hundred and thirteenth day: Sucrose, 16.05; purity, 81.66; glucose, .71; non- sugars, 3.09. Panicles fully out by the sixty-eighth day ; seed hard by the ninety -third day. Few seed were produced by the canes of this plat, but the sterility was not so nearly absolute as in case of Plat No. 21 of the first series, same variety. Plat No. 24 (Sterling, Kans., Plat No. 14 of 1888} — No analytical work was done upon canes of this plat, as it was decided to drop the variety. Plat No. 2G (Special from a plat of Red Liberian). — Derived from a single large cane selected from Calumet Plat No. 5 A, 1890, differing in some respects from the Red Liberian type. Juice analysis of this cane, Serial No. 232, 1890, cut on the one hun- dred and thirty-fourth day (when still immature): Sucrose, 9.30; purity, 45.70; glu- cose, 6.44; nonsugars, 4.61. Best single stock of derivate plat, Serial No. 739, 1891, cut on the one hundred and twenty-first day: Sucrose, 14.35; purity, 76.78; glucose, 1.71; nonsugars, 2.63. Panicles fully out by the sixty-eighth day; seed hard by the ninety-third day. Canes of good form and fair size, apparently crossed, the type of panicles varying in only slight degrees from stock Red Liberian, than which this seems to be somewhat earlier in maturing. Comparison of analyses from parent and derivate plots shows enough improvement to warrant another season's culture. Plat No. 28 (Colman Cane}. — Derived from the best of two single canes grown at Sterling, Kans., in 1890, and received from Mr. A. A. Denton. Juice analysis of parent cane, labeled "Serial No. 8277, 1890:" Sucrose, 16.23; purity, 83.50.' Best single stock of derivate plat, Serial No. 652, 1891, cut on the one hundred and thir- teenth day: Sucrose, 16.00; purity, 79.01; glucose, 1.20; nonsugars, 3.05. Panicles fully out by the sixty-eighth day; seed hard by the ninety-third day. Canes of fair average size, but showed many variations, some nearly like Planter's Friend. Apparently crossed, and no seed from this plat will be planted in 1892. COMPARISON OF VARIETIES — FIRST AND SECOND PLANTING. Excepting in Plats A, B, and D, no analyses of average samples were made, hence in all comparisons between single-Lead plats the results of single-stalk examinations are relied upon for the necessary data. On looking over the analyses of the two plantings the most striking circumstance is the higher sucrose and purity shown by canes of the earlier series, despite the unfavorable nature of the season attending their germination and growth. Both plantings were made upon prac- tically the same soil, and were given nearly the same treatment, with the advantage in point of attention and cultivation in favor of the sec- ond series. In most instances difference of seed will not offer adequate explanation. It suggests the opinion that any agent operating to re- tard growth and delay maturity may, within certain undetermined limits, tend toward an increase in the sugar-storing function of the plant. Why this should be, and whether as a matter of fact it is so, can not be conclusively stated, but indications point to that probability. 73 In the laboratory, Early Orange, Link's Hybrid, Collier's, Planter's Friend, and Colman Cane all far exceeded in the earlier any results reached with them in the later planting. Late Orange showed no very great difference in either. Of the whole number of varieties, only one, Sterling Lot No. 161, gave better chemical returns in its plat of the later series than in that of the first. Agriculturally, the plats of the second planting were much better than those of the first, not so much, however, in the size of the canes pro- duced as in their greater regularity of development, evenness of stand, and better form. Varieties of either planting, when derived from the same 1890 stock, showed no marked difference in size between mature canes. TABLE I. — Highest three single canes of each plat in sucrose and in purity, for the year 1891. £ 5 Variety. H • *s CD -3 Is Sucrose. _>> •"H a PH £ I Variety. ! Canes ex- amined. Sucrose. 'C £ i Early Orange 70 16 9 81.0 15 Planter's Friend 114 20.1 83.0 2 do 90 16.9 16.7 17 1 80.9 80.0 82.0 16 do 75 19.8 19.7 17.0 82.4 81.9 78 3 3 119 16.9 16.3 16 2 80.7 80.5 76.4 17 Late Orange ... 133 16.8 16.6 18.5 78.3 77.9 82.9 5 110 16.0 15.9 18 5 75.7 75.7 82.6 18 do 99 17.8 17.8 17.0 82.0 81.5 80.7 (j do 93 18.1 17.8 16 4 82.1 81.4 80 0 20 Colman Cane 93 16.7 16.4 16.9 78.5 78.4 81 3 7 Collier's 95 16.2 16.1 19 2 79.4 79.3 83 6 21 Sterlin°- Lot K"o 161(1800) 101 16.9 16.9 17.5 81.3 79.9 82.2 g do 158 19.1 19.1 19 6 82.8 82.6 83 1 00 do 70 17.4 16.9 16.7 81.1 80.1 81 7 9 10 Link's Hybrid (Kansas, 1890). do 57 129 19.6 19.3 18.5 18.3 18.1 17 4 82.4 82.4 89.8 83.0 82.4 81.4 23 28 Sterling Plat No. 14(1888) Colman Cane (Kansas, 83 15G 16.6 10.6 16.4 16.4 16.4 16.2 80.4 79.5 79.1 78.4 78.4 79.4 11 Ubehlana . 42 17.3 17.2 17.6 80.1 79.6 77.7 39 1890) Collier's (Kansas, 1890) . . . 140 16.1 16.1 20.6 79.0 78.9 82.7 12 do 118 17.1 16.9 16 2 77.6 77.5 77 2 "D" Colman Cane .... 80 20.5 20.1 19 9 82.3 82.2 82.6 "M Improved Orange 70 16.2 16.1 17 8 77.2 77.1 80.8 19.9 19.7 82.2 81.6 17.6 17.4 80.1 79.9 In Table I, foregoing, are given the best three single stalk -juice analyses, in sucrose and purity, of each plat, disregarding whether or not. the same cane exhibited both the best sucrose and the best purity, a coincidence not very frequent. The table is chiefly interesting as showing the maximum attained by each plat, but although of a certain value also in comparing the various stocks, it can not be made a basis of any sound deductions as to their actual merits. Principal depend- 74 ence for that eud is placed in Table II, following, which is a synopsis of the laboratory results with each variety for the whole season. TABLE II. — Number of single-stalk analyses, showing purity at or above 77 per cent and sucrose at or above 16 per cent per 100 canes examined during the season of 1S91. FIRST SERIES, PLANTED MARCH 28, 1891. Plat No. Variety. Canes ex- amined. Per cent, 77 purity or over. Per cent, 16 sucrose or over. 1 Early Orange 70 32 86 18 57 3 Red Liberian 119 None 1 68 5 Link's Hybrid 110 33 64 23 36 7 Collier's 95 44 21 44 21 g Link's Hybrid (Kansas 1890) . . . 57 35 09 21 05 11 TJbehlana 42 9.52 23.81 15 Planter's Friend 114 31 58 39 47 17 Late Orange 133 15. 04 15.04 21 28 Sterling (Kansas), Lot No. 161, 1890 Sterling, Plat No. 14 (1888) 101 83 9.90 1.20 6.93 1.20 39 Collier's (Kansas, 1890) 140 43.57 42.14 1) 80 32 50 36 25 SECOND SERIES, PLANTED JUNE 8, 1891. Plat No. Variety. Canes ex- amined. Per cent, 77 purity or over. Per cent, 16 sucrose or over. 2 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 28 Early Oran <*o 90 93 158 129 118 70 75 99 93 70 156 22.22 17.20 29. 75 29.46 2.54 31.43 9.33 15. 15 21. 51 18.57 12.18 4.44 3. 23 30.38 20.16 3.39 15.71 6.67 6.06 12. 90 11.43 3.21 Collier's Link's Hybrid (Kansas 181)0) TJbehlana Planter's Friend Sterling (Kansas), Lot No. 161, 1890 .... Cohnan Cane (Kansas), 1890 The figures of Table II make evident the chemical superiority of the first series. In using these data for singling out the varieties which have given the best results this season, due weight was given in the case of Early Orange, Collier's, and Colin an Cane to the average sam- ple analyses obtained from canes grown in the field Plats A, B, and D, of which a detailed account is given later (in Table III), and which influ- enced the choice of varieties for another year in no little degree. AVERAGE SAMPLE RESULTS. The four average sample plats have already been described, and repre- sented the varieties Early Orange, Collier's, Link's Hybrid, ami Colman Cane, respectively ; that Plat C failed to germinate, and that Plat A was planted with and treated like the forage sorghum, being damaged in consequence, will be recalled. Plats B and I) stand on the same footing with the single-head plats of the first series as to treatment, etc. In the subjoined Table III are given in full all the analyses made upon 75 the Plats A, B, and D, and upon samples from the row of forage sor- ghum adjacent to A. The column headed " Solids " gives the degree brix corrected for temperature; "Purity" expresses the per cent ratio of sucrose to solids. The ratio of glucose to sucrose is not considered of enough importance in this work to be calculated; in its stead is given the ratio of nonsugars to sucrose. "Nonsugars" is the name given to the juice-solids not sucrose or glucose, and, of course, is the nu- merical difference between the per cent solids and the sum of sucrose and glucose. Samples were uniformly of ten consecutive canes, and were taken at weekly intervals, except in one or two cases. TABLE III. — Summary of average sample analyses, 1891. PLAT A.— EARLY ORANGE. Serial No. Date. No. days from plant- ing. Solids. Su- crose. Purity. Glu- cose. Non- sugar. Non- sugar ratio. Marc. Juice. 4 9 10 16 20 24 28 36 43 50 Averao Maxim Minimi Oct. 20 Oct. 27 Oct. 27 Sept. 3 Sept. 5 Sept. 10 Sept. 17 Sept. 24 Oct. 1 Oct. 8 145 152 152 159 161 166 173 180 187 194 16.4 16.8 13.5 14.8 14.3 14.7 14.0 14.9 13.9 13.4 12.9 13.0 9.1 10.0 9.3 8.5 9.0 9.7 8.9 8.3 78.7 77.4 67.5 67.6 65.0 57.8 64.3 65.1 64.0 61.9 1.5 1.3 1.7 2.4 2.7 3.0 1.6 2.3 1.3 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.7 2.4 2.3 3.2 3.4 2.9 3.7 3.1 15.5 19.2 19.7 24.0 24.7 37.6 37.8 29.9 41.6 37.3 10.95 8.62 89.05 91.38 8.43 91.57 14.7 16.8 13.4 9.7 13.0 8.3 66.0 77.4 57.8 2.0 3.0 1.3 3.0 3.7 2.0 30.9 41.6 15.5 9.33 10.95 8.43 90.67 91.57 89.05 um PLAT B.-COLLTER'S. 2 6 11 17 25 29 37 44 51 Aug. 10 Aug. 20 Aug. 27 Sept. 3 Sept. 10 Sept. 17 Sept. 24 Oct. 1 Oct. 8 135 145 152 159 166 173 180 187 194 19.4 22.6 22.6 21.7 22.5 22.5 21.8 20.4 17.6 14.5 17.9 18.4 17.8 17.3 17.8 17.0 15.6 12.4 74.7 79.2 81.4 82.0 76.9 79.1 78.0 76.5 70.5 1.1 1.1 .6 .7 .7 .6 .8 . 7 .7 3.8 3.6 3.6 3.2 4.5 4.1 4.0 4.1 4.5 26.2 20.1 19.6 18.0 26.0 23.0 23.5 26.3 36.3 Averaj; Maxim Minim r6 21.2 22.6 17.6 16.5 17.9 12.4 77.8 82.0 70.5 .8 1.1 .6 3.9 4.5 3.2 23.6 36.3 19.6 uin PLAT D.— COLMAN CANE. 3 7 12 18 21 26 30 38 45 52 Aug. 10 Aug. 20 Aug. 27 Sept. 3 Sept. 5 Sept. 10 Sept. 17 Sept. 24 Oct. 1 Oct. 8 135 145 152 159 161 166 173 180 187 194 16.7 20.1 19.6 21.3 21.0 21.8 23.2 22.5 20.9 20.0 12.3 15.7 15.2 17.3 16.5 17.2 18.9 18.1 16.7 15. 0 73.7 78.1 77.6 81.2 78.6 78.9 81.5 80.4 79.9 75.0 1.5 1.6 1.6 .9 .8 .9 .6 .9 .9 .9 2.9 2.8 2.8 3.1 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.5 3.3 4.1 23.6 17.8 18.4 17.9 22.4 21.5 19.6 19.3 19.8 27.3 10.10 9.66 89.90 90.34 10.41 89.59 Avera^ Maxim Minim re 20.7 23.2 16.7 16.3 18.9 12.3 78.7 81.5 73.7 1.1 1.6 .6 3.3 4.1 2.8 20.2 27.3 17.8 10.06 10. 41 9.66 89.94 90.34 89.59 urn uu 76 TABLE III. — Summary of average sample analyses, 1801 — Continued. (FOE AGE) RED LIBEEIAN. Serial No. Date. No. days from plant- ing. Solids. Su- crose. Purity. Glu- cose. Non- sugar. Non- sugar ratio. Marc. Juice. 5 13 22 27 31 35 42 49 Aug. 20 Aug. 27 Sept. 5 Sept. 10 Sept. 17 Sept. 24 Oct. 1 Oct. 8 145 152 161 166 173 180 187 194 14.7 16.9 16.5 17.5 17.4 16.6 17.1 13.5 6.1 11.0 9.5 11.8 9.8 10.8 10.9 6.4 41.5 65.1 57.6 67.4 56.3 65.1 63.7 47.4 5.9 4.1 4.5 2.8 3.8 3.4 3.8 4.2 2.7 1.8 2.5 2.9 3.8 2.4 2.4 2.9 44.3 16.4 26.3 24.6 38.8 22. 2 •i-I o 45.3 Avorai. Maxim Minimi e 16.3 17.5 13.5 9.5 11.8 6.1 58.9 67.4 41.5 4.1 5.9 2.8 2.7 3.8 1.8 26.3 45.3 16.4 um im Early Orange falls very far below its usual average, being scarcely better, except in purity, than the Bed Liberian field sorghum with which it was grown. It is very probable that the intentional lack of care it ex- perienced in planting and cultivation is mainly responsible, for while this plat (A) was very badly injured by the season, yet it was from the same stock as single head plat No. 1, and should have made nearly as good a showing had its conditions of growth been comparable. The history of this plat is suggestive, in view of the too common attempts which have been made to raise fields of sorghum for sugar production without be- stowing the care and attention which such a crop should have. The showing made by Collier's and Colman Cane in Table in is a long step in advance of the progress hitherto made by any varieties tried upon Calumet. Between August 10 and October 8 both these varieties main- tained a sucrose content and purity which would almost have allowed profitable working of the juice by ordinary sugar-house processes. In all varieties the nousugars are quite as high as in former seasons, and it seems that any considerable breeding out of what is apparently so fundamental a constituent of sorghum juices will prove possible, if at all, only after years of intelligent and painstaking endeavor. Tables IV and V embody the outcome of the experiments of this and the two preceding years ; from the varieties therein listed are selected those upon which future culture will be principally centered as their continued merit in the past gives them precedence over any other varieties which may be introduced later. TABLE IV. — Varieties, in order of merit, which have been noted in field and laboratory for the various qualities named, during the experiments carried on in the season of 1S01 at Calumet. BEST SIX IN 1891. High sucrose. High purity. Low, nonsugar. Best seed. Large canes. Be< it matures between Amber and Orange. The Amber is a small cane, does not produce an average amount of seed, and is less reliable in quality of juice than other varieties. Its juice has sometimes 14 per cent of sugar; but, as will be seen in the following general averages, its value is 11.93 for a working period of thirty days. No seed selections were made from this variety in 1888 or 1889. In 1890 many selections were made, only four of which gave satisfactory results. Twenty-one lots were planted, two being 1 acre each. Early Amber. [Average samples.] Days. No. of analyses. Sucrose. Glucose. Purity. Mean for — 1888 19 10 Per cent. 9 50 Per cent. 2 35 63 34 1889 28 25 11 69 1 25 73 94 1890 26 12 12 84 1 50 71 02 1891 29 20 12 90 1 53 72 20 Total 67 11.93 1.54 71.30 Mein of five best lots 6 13 98 1 51 74 41 MEAN VALUE OF SEED SELECTIONS. [Total number of single canes analyzed, 964.] No. of analyses. Sucrose. Purity. Per cent. 459 13. 74 71. 98 67 14.87 75.27 17 15.27 76.69 1 15.60 76.80 MCLEAN'S VARIETY. [Variety 126—127.] This new variety was received from Australia, in 1890, from Hon. Peter McLean, under secretary df agriculture, Queensland. As this variety was unnamed, it is now named " McLean," in recognition of his assistance in procuring new varieties. It has given the best results of any in the two years 18^6' and 1891. It is a medium early maturing variety, and it is believed it will be adapted to1 Northern States. The; canes are tall and rather slender, but are solid and woody, and have' stood winds as well as any varieties so far. From the analyses it would se'ein that it would be difficult toi make 'sirup instead of sugar from the' ripe canes, and Mr. Folger, of Washington, Iowa, reports such to be the case, boiling in an open pan. Thirteen lots were planted, three being 1 acre each. McLean's variety. [Average samples.] Days. No. of analyses. Sucrose. Glucose. Purity. Mean for — 1890 36 12 Per cent. 15 22 Per cent. 0 52 7C 00 1891 28 12 16.40 0.55 77 40 Total 24 15.81 0.53 76.70 Mean of six best lots 17 15 0 50 77 90 MEAN VALUE OF SEED SELECTIONS. [Total number of single canes analyzed, 4,730.] No. of analyses. Sucrose. Purity. Per cent. 1,620 17.26 75.86 201 17.85 78.96 77 18.32 79.25 5 19.10 82.44 1 19.40 85.40 COLMAN'S CANE. This variety excelled in 1889 and was one of the best in 1890. All of the lots gave canes of good quality this season, except some which were ruined by drought, owing to some peculiarity of soil. It gives stocky canes of good size,-when not planted too thickly, which mature at the same time as the Early Orange. It is considered one of the best varieties. Twenty-one lots were planted, two being 1 acre each. Caiman's cane. [Average samples.] Days. No. of analyses. Sucrose. Glucose. Purity. Mean for— 1889 40 22 Per cent. 14 58 Per cent. 1 15 75 55 1890 36 45 14.88 0 84 76.38 1891 35 20 15.60 0.73 76.30 Total 87 14 51 0 90 76 15 Mean of six best lots ... 6 17.21 0.60 78.90 MEAN VALUE OF SEED SELECTIONS. [Total number of single canes analyzed, 2,236.] No. of analyses. Sucrose. Purity. . Per cent. 726 16.40 76. 55 210 16. 96 78.16 18 18.29 79.97 1 19.40 81.10 89 COLLIER'S VARIETY. This variety was received from Dr. Collier, formerly chemist of the Department of Agriculture, in 1888, and has been grown at this sta- tion, giving good results in 1888, 789, >90, and '91. It is considered one of the best varieties. The canes are slender, with light seed top, and have always stood up well. It ripens medium early, and matured well in Iowa this season. In the seeds received in 1888 two varieties were mixed. These were separated in 1890, and have been known hitherto as Undendebule No. 1 and Undendebule No. 2. As, however, the varieties are distinct, the similarity of names causes confusion, and for this reason Undendebule No. 1 is now called " Collier," by request of Dr. H. W. Wiley, chief chemist of the United States Department of Agriculture and director of this station, as a mark of appreciation of the services rendered the sorghum industry by Dr. Collier. Forty-five lots of were planted, three of them containing 1 acre each. Collier's variety. [Average samples.] Days. No. of analyses. Sucrose. Glucose. Purity. Mean for— 1888 27 4 Per cent. 12 31 Per cent. 0 73 71 69 1889 26 17 14.91 0 75 76 % 1890 34 18 15 95 0 59 74 77 1891 24 43 14.80 0 90 73 80 Total . ... 82 14 95 0 78 74 56 4 17 55 0 75 78 (J7 MEAN VALUE OF SEED SELECTIONS. [Total number of single canes analyzed. 3,077.] No. of analyses. Sucrose. Purity. Per cent. 1,186 16.97 74.70 261 17.69 77.21 48 18.78 77.61 11 19.10 77.64 1 19.40 78.20 FOLGER'S VARIETY. This variety originated in a selection from Amber. It produces larger and better canes than Amber, the juice having a higher average per- centage of sugar and retaining it much longer. This year it ripened as soon as Amber, but usually it ripens eight days later. Many selections of the first-ripened canes of this variety were made this season in the hope of obtaining a subvariety which will take the place of amber as an early maturing variety. The Folger is considered one of the best of the early maturing varieties. Twenty-nine lots were planted, three being 1 acre each. 90 Folger's variety. [Average samples.] Days. No. of analyses. Sucrose. Glucose. Purity. Mean for— 1889 26 7 Per cent. 14.08 Per cent. 2.03 76.54 1890 50 32 14.12 1.75 74.91 1891 32 30 14.60 1.35 73.30 Total 69 14 32 1 44 74 37 Mean of three best lots 3 16.16 1.06 76. 83 MEAN VALUE OF SEED SELECTIONS. [Total number of single canes analyzed, 5,479.] No. of analyses. Sucrose. Purity. Per cent. 1,153 15.59 74.07 254 16.16 76.61 52 17.50 78.04 8 18.10 79.50 1 18.30 80.70 PLANTER'S FRIEND. This variety was received from Australia in 1888. It produces hand- some canes, not extra size. It is usually a late-ripening cane, matur- ing earlier this season than in previous years. Usually its last analysis before frost shows its highest percentage of sugar. It is believed this variety may be improved by selection until its general average gives 15 per cent. It was improved in 1889, by a single selection, from an average of 12.15 per cent to a general average of 14.49 per cent for the three years 1889, '90, and '91. Six lots were planted, one containing 1 acre. Planters Frienci. [Average samples.] Days. No. of analyses. Sucrose. Glucose. Purity. Mean for— 1888 36 4 Per cent. 12.15 Percent. 1.78 65.39 1880 25 55 14.45 1.47 76.06 1890 33 6 14.57 1.88 71.49 1891 21 8 15.80 1.00 75.08 Total 73 14 49 1 46 74.99 3 16.37 6 83 77.40 MEAN VALUE OF SEED SELECTIONS. [Total number of single canes analyzed, 1,325.] No. of analyses. Sucrose. Purity. Per cent. 513 17.29 74.55 77 17,88. 77,99 34 18.44 78; 69 . 4 19.10 81.35 1 19. 40 79.20 91 VARIETY NO. Ill This variety, which originated in a selection made in 1888 from a field of the Honduras, but which has no resemblance to that variety, has given good results in the three years succeeding that selection. The canes are quite short and stocky, and ripen quite as early as the Folger variety. This year it gave better results in analysis than the Folger, having higher purity and a higher percentage of sugar. It is considered worthy of further work. Nine lots were planted. Variety No. 112. [Average samples.] Days. No. of analyses. Sucrose. Glucose. Purity. Mean for — 1889 25 20 Per cent. 14 23 Per cent. 1 08 76 42 1890 38 7 13 55 1 13 74 75 1891 14 9 15 00 0 74 73 70 Total 36 14 32 1 00 75 41 Mean of three best lots .... 3 16 53 0 50 76 00 MEAN VALUE OF SEED SELECTIONS. [Total number of single canes analyzed, 220.] No. of analyses. Sucrose. Purity. 75 9 3 1 Per cent. 14.87 15.38 15.93 16.00 73.05 76.59 78.16 79.60 VARIETY NO. 161. This variety, which originated in a cross of Amber and Link's Hybrid, in 1888, has always been remarkable for its low percentage of glucose, it being always less than 1 per cent, and in frequent analyses only a trace. More reversions or variations were observed in these lots this year than last. Its canes are tall and slender. Its percentage of sugar and of glucose has been remarkably constant in three years 5 twenty-six lots were planted in this variety. It is believed that a uniform new variety, ripening nearly as early as Amber, remaining good longer and superior to it in all respects, can be developed from this selection, but the slenderness of the canes is objectionable. Variety No. 161. [Average samples.] Days. No. of analyses. Sucrose. Glucose. Purity. Mean for— 1889 43 18 Per cent. 13 24 Per cent. 0 45 77 33 1890 52 38 14 03 0.67 75.92 189] 29 18 14.60 0.81 74.80 Total 74 13.97 0.65 75.99 Mean of three best lots 3 16.23 0.50 77.10 92 MEAN VALUE OF TOTAL SELECTIONS. [Total number of single canes analyzed, 551.] No. of analyses. Sucrose. Purity. Per cent. 246 15.37 75.10 58 16.22 77.27 3 17.40 77.56 1 17.90 77.90 EARLY ORANGE. This well-known variety has been grown for four years at the station. It has been quite uniform in type and in quality of cane. It has had an average of 12.11 per cent of sugar in the juice in the three years, 1889, 1890, and 1891. It has always comparatively high glucose. Ten lots were planted. Early Orange. [Average samples.] Days. No. of analyses. Sucrose. Glucose. Purity. Mean for — 1888 17 12 Per cent. 10 40 Per cent. 2 80 62 93 1889 1890 25 32 24 5 12.12 13 50 2.52 2 15 70.55 72 08 1891 . . . . 15 9 13.60 2.24 68.20 Total . . 50 12. 11 2.49 ««. 45 Mean of three best lots 3 16.43 1.30 75.16 MEAN VALUE OF SEED SELECTIONS. [Total number of single canes analyzed, 306.] No. of analyses. Sucrose. Purity. 134 14 1 Per cent. TL6. 06 17.08 17.80 74.31 76.35 80.50 GOLDEN ORANGE. Produces large and handsome canes. It reaches its maximum of sugar late in the season. Six lots were planted in this variety, one con- taining 1 acre. All the lots were materially injured by drought. Golden orange. [Average samples.] Days. No. of analyses. Sucrose. Glucose. Purity. Mean for — 1889 31 15 Per cent. 12 48 Per cent. 2 04 72 60 1890 46 17 13.56 1.70 72 64 1891 14 6 13 80 0 88 72 00 Total 38 13 17 1 70 72 52 No seed selections made. 93 CHINESE IMPHEE. These canes are tall and slender, which is objectionable. This variety has always had a fair percentage of sugar and low glucose. Chinese Imphee. [Average samples.] Days. No. of analyses. Sucrose. Glucose. Purity. Mean for — 1889 27 6 Per cent. 13.81 Per cent. 0.61 76.38 1890. 27 4 14.03 0.73 74. 90 1891 33 2 14.10 1.10 69.00 Total 12 13.92 0.73 74.65 MEAN VALUE OF SEED SELECTIONS. [Total number of single canes analyzed, 43.] No. of analyses. Sucrose. Purity. 74.08 76.00 77.00 29 9 1 Per cent. 16. 50 17. 20 17.70 BLACK AFRICAN. This variety has been quite uniform in quality for three years. It ripens medium early; the canes are tall, which is not an advantage. Slack African. [Average samples.] Days. No. of analyses. Sucrose. Glucose. Purity. Mean for — 1889 44 11 Per cent. 14.24 Per cent. 0.81 76 32 1890 46 17 13.36 1.32 70.72 1891 32 4 14 80 1.25 73 70 Total 32 13 84 1 13 72 76 2 15 25 1 25 74 95 MEAN VALUE OF SEED SELECTIONS. [Total number of single canes analyzed, 952.] No. of analyses. Sucrose. Purity. Percent. 360 15.97 75.15 179 16.35 76.83 50 17.38 77.11 5 18.23 77.22 1 18.60 76.60 94 UBEHLANA. This variety produces remarkably large and stocky canes, with light seed tops. It does not, however, seem to be well rooted, having blown down more or less each year. It has had a constant 12 per cent of sucrose, with high glucose, for four years. The canes rarely show 14 per cent of sugar. No selections. Dendemulca. [Average samples.] Days. No. of analyses. Sucrose. Glucose. Purity. Mean for— 1889 28 11 Per cent, 12 20 Per cent. 1.19 72.78 1890 34 4 "3 46 1 47 71 44 1891 18 2 13.90 1.23 71.60 Total 17 12.70 1.29 72.32 MEAN VALUE OF SEED SELECTIONS. [Total number of single canes analyzed, 13.] No. of analyses. Sucrose. Purity. Per cent. 5 16.10 71.22 2 16.40 71.75 1 16.80 72.40 VARIETY NO. 91. This new variety, which originated in a cross of the White Mammoth and Kansas Orange in 1888, will, it is believed, become one of the lead- ing varieties. The canes are large and have the erect habit of the White Mammoth. They have stood winds better than any other variety. The yield of cane per acre is as large as can be expected of any variety which matures in seasonable time in this latitude. It has always had a fine percentage of sugar. Ten lots were planted, two being 1 acre lots. The general averages for 1890 and 1891 only are given, for but one analysis was taken in 1889. The last analyses of this variety have always been the best, and it is believed that the average analysis for this year would have given 15 per cent of sugar if frost had come at usual time. Variety No. 91. [Average samples.] Days. No. of analyses. Sucrose. Glucose. Purity. Mean for — 1890 21 9 Per cent. 15 69 Per cent. 0 84 76 47 1891 20 74 14 01 1 18 72 35 Total 83 14 85 1 01 74 42 Mean of three best lots 28 21 14.45 1.13 72.80 95 MEAN VALUE OF SEED SELECTIONS. [Total number of single canes analyzed, 723.] No. of analyses. Sucrose. Purity. Per cent. 219 15. 26 73.23 29 15.77 76.51 6 16. 45 76. 76 1 17.60 75.50 UNDENDEBULE NO. 2. The canes of this variety are much larger than those of the Collier, (until now known asUudendebuleNo. 1). The seed tops are also much larger. Otherwise these varieties, which were included in one package of seed received by Dr. Collier from Natal, Africa, in 1881, are quite similar. Undendebule No. 2. \ [Average samples.] Days. No. of analyses. Sucrose. Glucose. Purity. Mean for— 1890 34 11 Per cent. 13 64 Per cent. 1.13 71 78 1891 . . 21 11 14.30 0. 92 72. 99 Total 22 13.97 1.02 72.39 3 15 73 0 60 75 50 MEAN VALUE OF SEED SELECTIONS. [Total number of single canes analyzed, 12. ] No. of analyses. Sucrose Purity. Per cent. 7 16.64 73.39 4 17.00 74.30 1 17.00 76.30 LINK'S HYBRID. This well-known variety has been considered one of the best for sugar- making. As it may be called a standard variety, a very large amount of work has been done upon it, upon selections, and upon crosses. It is believed that the following figures correctly represent the practical value of the variety during a working period of thirty days: Link's Hybrid. [Average samples.] Days. No. of analyses. Sucrose. Glucose. Purity. Mean for — 1888 33 25 Per cent. 13.02 Per cent. 1.06 72.09 1889 28 62 15 16 0 65 79.00 1890 . 33 160 13. 37 1.15 71.77 1891 22 87 14 85 0.83 73. 35 Total 334 14 09 0.97 73.57 Mean for six best lots 61 16.90 0.71 76.91 Seed selections, total number, 124. 96 SELECTIONS FROM LINK'S HYBRID. Ten lots were planted from selections of this variety since 1888. Selection No. 174. [Average samples.] No. of variety. Days. No. of analyses. Sucrose. Glucose. Purity. Mean for — 1888 940 Single cane. Per cent. 13.07 Per cent. 70.08 1889 174 35 13.37 0 91 74.84 1890 34 45 9 13.80 1.02 72.96 1891 27 14 1 17.40 0.60 76.00 Total... 18 13.79 0.95 73.70 MEAN VALUE OF SEED SELECTIONS. [Total number of single canes analyzed, 97.] No. of analyses. Sucrose. Purity. Per cent. 71 17.21 73.24 15 18. 00 74.45 1 18.70 77.60 Selection No. 165. [Average samples.] No. of variety . Days. No. of analysis. Sucrose. Glucose. Purity. Mean for — 1888 2007 Single head. Per cent. 15.30 Per cent. 73 38 1889 165 32 5 15.08 .88 77.38 1890 58 50 8 14. 20 1.34 71 35 1891 28 30 1 16.60 .80 75.50 Total 15 14 72 1 11 73 77 MEAN VALUE OF SEED SELECTIONS. [Total number of single canes analyzed, 36.] No. of analyses. Sucrose. Purity. Per cent. 16 15. 44 71.36 1 16.30 74.30 Selection No. 163. [Average samples.] No. of variety. Days. No. of analyses. Sucrose. Glucose. Purity. Parent head 1888 2 021 1 Per cent. 16.10 Per cent. 74. 36 Mean for — 1889 163 27 5 15.21 0.72 77.77 1 890 35 43 9 13.78 1.17 71.87 1891 30 30 1 15.70 0.40 75.50 Total 16 14.49 0.96 74.09 97 MEAN VALUE OF SEED SELECTIONS. [Total number of single canes analyzed, 493.] No. of analyses. Sucrose. Purity. 43 16 4 1 Per cent. 15.84 16.10 16.66 17.20 72.56 73.09 74.35 74.80 Selection No. 162. [Average samples.] No. of variety. Days. No. of analyses. Sucrose. Glucose. Purity. Parent head 1888 2,110 Per cent. 15.57 Percent. 73.61 Mean for— 1889 162 41 1 8 14.75 0.6.1 78. 85 1890 50 45 7 12. 20 1.02 71.57 1891 79 25 1 15.40 1.00 74 10 Total 17 13.78 0.82 75 85 MEAN VALUE OF SEED SELECTIONS. [Total number of single canes analyzed, 128.] No. of analysis. Sucrose. Purity. Per cent. 55 15.96 74.10 9 16 59 75.35 5 16.66 75.34 Selection No. 5x. [Average samples.] Days. No. of analyses. Sucrose. Glucose. Purity. Mean for — 1890 38 7 Per cent. 14.28 Per cent. 0.62 72.33 1891 23 2 15.80 0.50 77.05 Total 9 14.50 0.39 73.37 Selection No. 8x. [Average samples.] Days. No. of analyses. Sucrose. Glucose. Purity. Mean for-— 1890 26 9 Per cent. 14 88 Per cent. 0.86 74.98 1891 19 2 15.95 0.35 76.00 Total 11 15.07 0.76 75.16 21383— No. 34-— 7 98 MEAN VALUE OF SEED SELECTIONS. [Total number of single canes analyzed, 255.] No. of analysis. Sucrose. Purity. Per cent. 139 16.24 73.83 32 16.50 76.15 9 17.12 74.95 4 17.25 74.95 1 17.30 76.60 Selection No. 116. [Average samples.] No. of variety. Days. No. of analyses. Sucrose. Glucose. Purity. Parent lioad 1888 2116 1 Per cent. Per cent. 73 00 Mean for — 1889 116 35 7 14.31 14.61 0.65 80 76 1890 61 44 8 13.49 1.20 71.83 1891 22 30 1 16.60 1.20 75.50 Total 17 14.18 0.96 75.79 MEAN VALUE OF SEED SELECTIONS. [Total number of single canes analyzed, 72.] No. of analyses. Sucrose. Purity. 16 5 1 Per cent. 15.35 15.72 15.90 73.19 74.00 75.40 Selection No. SO. [Average samples.] No. of variety. Days. • No. of analyses. Sucrose. Glucose. Purity. Parent head 1889 1 Per cent. 16 05 Per cent. Mean for — 1890 30 51 9 13.24 1 05 72 59 1891 31 34 1 15 70 40 75 50 Total 11 13 79 98 72 88 MEAN VALUE OF SEED SELECTIONS. [Total number of single canes analyzed, 84.] No. of analyses. Sucrose. Purity. 32 5 1 Per cent. 16.45 17.20 17.60 74. 39 76.50 77.60 99 Selection No. 153. [Average samples.] • No. of variety. Days. No. of analyses. Sucrose. Glucose. Purity. Parent head 1888 2009 1 Per cent. 15 34 Per cent. 70 85 Mean for— 1889 153 36 11 14 63 0 75 76 75 1890 43 30 4 13 75 0 70 74 19 1891 32 37 1' 15.60 76 83 Total 17 14. 52 74 75 80 MEAN VALUE OF SEED SELECTIONS. [Total number of single canes analyzed, 12G.] No. of analyses. Sucrose. Purity. Per cent. 110 16.66 73.62 13 17.43 74. 62 3 17. 93 75.43 1 18.20 76.10 Selection No. 66. [Average samples.] No. of variety. Days. No. of analyses. Sucrose. Glucose. Purity. Parent head, 1889 Recon Host. Mean for — 1890 66 50 8 14 34 0 84 7° 75 1891 21 23 1 16 00 0 80 75 10 Total g 14 52 84 73 01 MEAN VALUE OF SEED SELECTIONS. [Total number of single canes analyzed, 1,301. ] No. of analyses. Sucrose. Purity. Per cent. 458 14. 86 73.32 37 16.22 73. 25 7 17.15 77. 35 1 17.50 76.80 Selection No. 172. [Average samples.] No. of variety. Days. No. of analyses. Sucrose. Glucose. Purity. Parent head, 1888 944 1 Per cent. 15 81 Per cent. 74 01 Mean for— 1889 172 35 7 14 34 0 86 77 39 1S90 57 42 g 14 29 0 39 79 fl9 1891 20 29 1 17 20 0 50 77 10 Total 17 14 48 0 85 75.02 100 MEAN VALUE OF SEED SELECTIONS. [Total number of single canes analyzed, 104.] No. of analyses. Sucrose. Purity. 60 9 3 1 Per cent. 15.46 17.07 17.33 17.50 73.92 75.56 76.20 76.60 Selection No. 206. [Average samples.] No. of variety. Days. No. of analyses. Sucrose. Glucose. Purity. Parent head, 1888 2040 1 Per cent. 17. 12 Per cent. Mean for — 1889 ''06 34 g 14 42 0 91 1890 56 50 10 13 96 1 11 74 09 1891 33 30 1 16.40 0 50 75 20 Total 20 14.42 0.99 74.19 MEAN VALUE OF SEED SELECTIONS. [Total number of single canes analyzed, 68.] No. of analyses. Sucrose. Purity. 38 9 4 1 Per cent. 16.41 17. 30 17.57 17.90 73.28 74.84 76. 22 78.30 The mean of all the analyses of these ten lots of Link's Hybrid canes, grown from selected seed, for 1891 is : Sucrose, 14.60 ; glucose, 0.63 5 purity, 73.10. The mean of all Link's Hybrid lots in 1891 is : Twenty-nine days, 276 analyses, 14.05 sucrose, 0.85 glucose, 70.25 purity, which shows a difference in favor of canes grown from selected seeds of 0.55 sucrose, 0.22 glucose, 2.85 purity. This difference is small, but such differences are cumulative and are similar to those given for the sugar beet, as shown in Prof. Maercker's results, quoted before. LINK'S HYBRID AND AMBER CROSSES. In 1890, 455 lots were planted in crosses of these varieties, all of them differing in type, in the hope of selecting from them one or more superior new varieties. In 1891, 13 of these gave as a mean of 57 analyses, covering an average period of 20 days: Sucrose, 15.21 j glucose, 0,48 j purity, 73.97. 101 Three lots gave as a mean of 13 analyses during 20 days : Sucrose, 15.70; glucose, 0.36 ; purity, 77.66. Six hundred and ninety seed selec- tions were made from these lots. Mean value of — Sucrose. Purity. 452 selected canes Per cent. 15.72 72. 28 16 92 75 77 3 selected canes 17.03 76.67 Some of these crosses produced unusually fine canes, maturing in good season, and it is believed two or three valuable new varieties may result from these selections. Variety No. 350. [Is same type as Link's Hybrid, slightly crossed with orange; seed lighter color.] [Average samples.] No. of viirifty. Days. No. of analyses. Sucrose. Glucose. Purity. Parent head 1889 14, 142 1 Per cent. 15.54 Per cent. Mean for — 1890 60 43 9 15.83 0 94 74 85 1891 (*) 23 9 15.90 0.83 75 48 Total 19 15 81 0 Q9 74 91 1 17 70 0 60 79 80 * Eleven lots, Nos. 23, 208 to 215, 446, and 555. MEAN VALUE OF SEED SELECTIONS. [Total number of single canes analyzed, 756.] No. of analyses. Sucrose. Purity. Percent. 212 15.93 74.11 22 17. 06 76.47 6 17.46 74.70 3 17.56 76.20 VARIETY NO. 373. In 1888 an apparently blighted seed top was noticed, having very few seeds, which were planted in lot 373 in 1889. The canes in this lot were about half of them seedless, the remaining heads being heavy and of unknown type. By repeated selections an unmixed and nearly seed- less variety has been produced. This variety is interesting, as it indi- cates that sorghum may be bred in extreme lines in different directions. 102 Variety No. 373. [Average samples.] No. of variety. Days. No. of analyses. Sucrose. Glucose. Purity. Mean for — 1889 373 23 5 Per cent. 13.10 Per cent. 2.80 1890 170 20 4 r> ;n 0 91 70 15 1891 (*) 20 14.70 1.25 72.46 Total 22 14 81 1 53 71 % * Seven lots. Nos. 40, 41, and 430 to 440. MEAN VALUE OF SEED SELECTIONS. [Total number of single canes analyzed, 69.] No. of an:il\ scs. Sucrose. Purity. 30 7 2 Per cent. 16. r>7 17.31 37.70 73.09 74. 57 74.90 VARIETY NO. 208. Produces remarkably large canes, having unusually light seed top. The quality of the juice is remarkably good for such large canes. This promising variety originated in a cross of Amber and Link's Hy- brid. The canes are larger and the juice is of better quality than in either of the parent varieties. The canes still show some variations in type, though selections have been made in 1888, 1889, and 1890, but it is believed a valuable and uniform new variety can be developed from this rather violent cross. Sixteen lots were planted, one containing 1 acre. Variety No. 208. [Average samples.] No. of variety. Days. No. of analyses. Sucrose. Glucose. Purity. Mean for — Ig89 208 27 7 Per cent. 14.78 Per cent. 0.95 77.66 1890 59 28 11 15.46 0.89 77.70 1891 . (*) 15 11 14.60 1.05 72. 22 Total 29 15 04 0 97 74.60 Maximum for the best lot 16 40 0 70 77.30 * Eleven lots, Nos. 230 to 237, 461, and 462. MEAN VALUE FOR SEED SELECTIONS. [Total number of single canes analyzed, 200.] No. of analyses. Sucrose. Purity/ 97 30 5 1' Per cent. 16.55 17.44 18.02 18.30 75.31 77.01 76.66 78.20 103 Selection No. 15x. [Average samples.] No. of variety. Days. No. of analyses. Sucrose. Glucose. Purity. Mean for— 189U 15x 36 4 Per cent. 15 27 Per cent. 0 64 75 79 1891 403 18 2 15 95 0 40 75 30 Total 6 15 48 0 56 75 63 MEAN VALUE OF SEED SELECTIONS. [Total number of single canes analyzed, 46.] No. of analyses. Sucrose. Purity. 12 4 1 Per cent. 15.72 16.02 16.60 71.68 72.12 73.50 Experiments in keeping cane. [Canes were cut and left in the field, each cane being separately exposed to the weather.] FOLGER'S EARLY. Serial No. Plat No. Days. Solids. Sucrose. Glucose. Eatio. Purity. 2432 593 0 Per cent. 21 00 Per cent. 13.80 Per cent. 1 90 65 70 2504 593 2 22. 00 11.70 3.00 53 20 2635 593 8 23 10 10 00 2 00 43 30 2651 593 9 24.90 7.70 30 90 2665 593 10 23 40 7 10 4 50 30 30 COLLIER'S. 2434 594 0 20 90 16 00 1 30 80 00 2501 594 2 24.10 14.80 1.30 61 40 2638 594 8 23 70 12 80 3 80 54 00 2648 594 9 26. 40 13.80 3.80 52 30 2661 594 10 26 20 15 20 4 00 58 00 VARIETY NO. 01. 2430 584 0 20.20 14.10 1.50 69 80 2503 584 2 24.60 12.00 2.20 48.80 2637 584 g 23 00 12. 10 3.00 52 60 2652 584 9 23.80 10.30 3.70 30 50 2663 584 10 22 80 10.30 6.00 45 10 LINK'S HYBRID. 2^28 31 o 21.50 15 80 0.70 73.50 2502 2634 31 31 2 8 22.20 22 90 15.50 14.70 1.30 1.10 70.10 64.20 2647 31 9 24 10 15 00 1 90 62 30 2659 31 10 24.00 15.20 2.30 63.30 104 Experiments in keeping cane — Continued. COLLIER'S. [Canes were cut and piled, slightly covered by leaves.] Serial No. Plat No. Days. Solids. Sucrose. Glucose. Katio. Purity. 2256 0 Per cent. 20 40 Per cent. 15 10 Percent. 0 4Q 2 05 74 10 2435 3 22 40 16 80 0 70 4 17 75 00 2476 5 23 54 17 70 0 30 1 70 75 HO 2564 6 24 10 17 70 0 60 3 40 73 40 2636 11 23 50 16 60 0 80 4 82 70 50 2670 20 26.30 19 2.0 1.76 73 00 MCLEAN'S. FOLGER'S EARLY, SPECIAL NO. 2. [Cane was cut and piled on the ground without coVer.] VARIETY NO. 91. COLLIER'S. LINK'S HYBRID. 2257 0 21 30 16 30 0 40 76 60 2436 3 23 30 17 90 0 40 76 90 2476 5 23 34 17 30 0 60 74 20 2565 (i 23 20 17 50 0 40 2630 11 23.60 17 10 0 40 72 50 2672 20 26 10 19 50 1 83 74 80 2293 593 0 18 60 12 30 1 70 66 20 2431 593 2 19.70 13.70 1.60 60 50 2479 593 4 21.80 14. 50 1.50 66. 60 2568 593 5 22. 30 12.80 2.20 57 40 2629 593 10 21.90 12.40 2.60 56 60 2669 593 20 25.80 10.10 9.14 39 10 2295 2429 584 584 0 2 19.30 20.60 14.10 15. 30 1.10 1.00 73.10 74 20 2477 584 4 21.62 15. 50 1 30 71 80 2571 2631 584 584 5 10 22.10 21.80 14.00 13.60 2.50 1 50 63. 30 62 40 2667 584 20 24.40 11.40 6.62 ... 46.80 2294 594 0 18.50 13.00 1 10 70 30 2433 594 2 22.80 16. 30 1.40 71.50 2480 594 4 24.00 16.00 2.20 66 70 2570 594 5 24.00 14.00 3.60 58.00 2632 594 10 24.60 15.00 2.00 61 00 2668 594 20 27.50 14.90 6.00 54.20 2292 2427 31 31 0 2 20.-80 21.40 15.00 15.80 0.30 0.60 73. 90 73 80 2478 31 4 22.23 15.80 1.10 71.20 2569 31 5 33.40 15. 80 1.40 67 50 2633 31 10 22.60 14.60 1.50 64 60 2671 31 20 23.80 15.30 2.95 64.20 Thinking it would be of some interest to determine the actual differ- ence in perfect and fired cane, I prepared table No. 59. An examins 105 tion of this table will show a most astonishing deterioration, in every respect, in the fired cane. This table will in a measure explain the great differences observed in cane supplied to mills. Table showing the difference in "fired" and "nonfired" cane. FIRED CANE. Serial No. Plat, Solids. Sucrose. Glucose. Purity. 740 709 855 965 068 974 563 514 544 545 546 558 Perct. 15.40 17.40 18.70 19.00 19.60 19.90 Per cent. 8.30 10.70 11.40 13.20 12.80 14.50 Per cent. 2.20 2.70 1.50 1.70 2.10 54.00 61.50 CO. !>0 69.50 65.30 72 90 981-85 1067 1128 1175 1378* 1470 1847 1850-51 550 593 560 593 543 555 543 544 18.60 15.40 16.40 19.40 19.80 20.00 18.80 17.70 18.29 12.90 8.20 9.50 12.50 14.20 14.60 13.40 11.50 11.98 1.10 3.00 2.70 3.20 0.80 1.00 0.80 1.60 1.74 69.50 53.20 58. 00 64.30 71.70 73. 00 71.30 64.80 64.99 Possibly an error in copying. NOT FIRED. 739-41 593 22.60 16.70 0.85 73.80 771-72 544 21.90 15.80 1.40 71.70 854-5(5 544 22. 30 15.70 1.70 70.00 966-67 545 19.80 13. 90 1.10 70.10 969-70 546 20.10 12.90 2.00 63. 80 975-76 558 20.70 15.30 1.10 73.80 983 550 19.00 13.20 1.00 69. 50 1065-66 593 19.70 13.70 1.90 69.50 1127-29 560 20. !»0 12.90 0.70 58.90 1176 593 20. 90 14.50 1.90 09. 40 1376-77 513 19.20 13.10 1.10 68. 50 1471-72 555 21.40 15.70 1.00 73. 30 1846-48 543 19.10 13. 70 0. 90 71.50 1819 514 19.10 13. 50 1.10 70. 60 20. 48 14. 33 1.27 69.60 Table showing the relative values and position of seed, selected varieties, as lascd on theit mean sucrose. Scale. Variety. Sucrose. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Per cent. 17.85 17.80 17.69 17.58 17.09 17.06 16.96 16.96 16 71 Planter s Friend Collier's Link's Hybrid (Plat 27) Link's H'ybrid and Amber ( Plat 29) Link's Hybrid (Plat 22) ., Colman's cane Link's Hybrid (Plat 31) Link's Hybrid (Plat 33) Link's Hybrid (Plat 23) 16.46 16.86 16.35 16.34 16.34 16.26 16.22 16.16 16.09 15.89 15.80 15.77 15.74 15.50 15.38 14.16 Link's Hybrid (Plat 20) .... Early Orange .... . Variety No 160 Link's Hybrid and Amber Variety No. 161 Folger s Early Link's Hybrid, and Amber (Plat 79) Link's Hybrid (Plat 25) Link's Hybrid (Plat 504) White India and Orange Link's Hybrid (Plat 156) Variety No. 110 . Variety No 112 106 Table showing the relative values and position of seed, selected varieties, as baaed on their mean purity. Scale. Variety. Purity. McLean's Colman's cane Planter's Friend Link's Hybrid (Plat 27) Variety 161 Collier's Link's Hybrid (Plat 25) Link's Hybrid (Plat 556) Early Orange Variety 110 Link's Hybrid (Plat 31) Black African Link's Hybrid and Amber (Plat 29) . Link's Hybrid (Plat 23) '. Folger's Early Variety No. 112 White India and Orange Early Amber Link's Hybrid and Amber Link's Hybrid (Plat 20) Link's Hybrid (Plat 78) Link's Hybrid (Plat 22) Link's Hybrid (Plat 3:5) Link's Hybrid (Plat 504) Variety No. 160 78.96 78.16 77.99 77.44 77.27 77.21 77.14 77.08 77.05 76.90 76.85 76.83 76.75 76.74 76.61 76.59 76.51 76.25 76.25 76.22 76.07 76.05 76.02 76.00 75.99 Table showing dates at which the various varieties reached their maximum sucrose, selected from average analysis. Scale. Variety. 1 Early Amber Sept. 20 2 Folger's Early Sept. 20 3 Collier's Sept. 20 4 Kansas Orange Sept . 21 5 Undendebule (No. 2) Sept. 21 6 Cbinese Imphee Sept. 23 7 Link's Hybrid and India Sept. 24 8 Early Orange Sept. 24 9 Sorghum Bicolor Sept. 24 10 Link'sHybiid Sept. 25 11 Variety 112 Sept. 25 12 Seedless, lot 170 Sept. 25 13 Dendemuka Sept. 25 14 TTbehlana Sept. 25 15 Link's Hybrid, Crosses Sept. 26 16 Variety 110 ; Sept. 27 1 7 Link's Hybrid and Orange Sept. 28 17ct Coleman's cane Sept. 30 18 McLean's S.ept. 30 19 Variety 161 Sept. 30 20 Golden Orange Sept. 30 21 White Mammoth and Orange Sept. 30 22 White Mammoth and Link's Hybrid Sept. 30 23 India and Orange Sept. bO 24 Giant Honduras Oct. 2 25 Honey Dew Oct. 2 26 WhiteEnfield Oct. 5 27 PlatO Oct. 14 Date. 107 Table showing the relative value and position of varieties as based on the analysis of an average sample with maximum purity. Scale. Variety. Purity. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 IS 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 26a 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 Variety 160 84.50 81.70 81.30 81.20 81.00 80.80 80.50 80.20 80. 20 79.70 79.50 78.90 78.70 78.70 78.70 78.00 77.80 77.80 77.20 76.70 76.20 75.80 75.70 74.30 73.90 73.80 73.80 73.70 73.10 72. 60 72.20 69.50 69.50 6^ 80 1 Link's Hybrid Undendebule (No. 2) Collier's McLean's Kansas Orange White Mammoth and Orange Planter's Friend ... .... White Mammoth and Link's Hybrid Black African Variety 161 Link's Hybrid Crosses . Variety 112 Early A iiiliftr India and Orange Golden Orange Folder's Early Early Orange Variety 110 Seedless lot 170 Chinese Imphee. . . . Link's Hybrid and Oran ae Honey Dew " Collier's Special Ubehlana Ubehlana . .". Dendemuka Kansas Orange and Link's Hybrid Sorghum Bicolor lie version of Amber and Link's Hybrid Link's Hybrid and India W hi to. Eiitield Giant Honduras . 55.50 53. 50 53. 00 40.10 Table shotting number of days required for each variety to reach 11 per cent of sucrose. Scale. Variety. Day a. 1 193 2 Folger's Early 123 3 123 4 Colman's cane 133 5 134 6 Variety 160 . 134 7 Black African 135 8 Variety 161 135 9 Colliers 137 10 141 11 Link's Hybrid Crosses 141 12 142 13 India and Oran fe -. 142 14 144 ]5 Undendebule (No 2) 144 16 146 17 Planter's Friend . . 148 18 149 19 Variety 110 149 19a 150 20 Sorghum liicolor .. .. 150 21 Variety 112 150 22 Link's Hybrid and India 152 23 156 24 Collier's Special Ubehlana 156 25 Seedless lot 170 . . . 156 108 Table showing dates on which the variety readied 11 per cent sucrose. Scale. Variety. Date. 1 Early Amber An "• 18 2 Link^'s Hybrid and Amber Au"- 19 3 Auo- 29 4 Folger's Early . Au«- 99 5 Auf 29 6 Black African Aii" 29 7 Variety 161 An«- -)9 7a McLean's Sept 1 g Sept 2 g Variety 160 Sept 3 10 Colliers S»'pt 5 11 Sept 7 12 Sept 7 13 Link's Hybrid Crosses Sept 11 14 Link's Hybrid Sept 11 15 Planter's Friend Sept 14 16 Undendebule No 2 Sept 14 17 Variety 110 - - - Sept 14 18 Sept 14 19 Sept 14 90 Variety 112 Sept 14 21 White' Mammoth and Orange - .... Sept 15 9° Sept °0 23 Collier's Special Ubehlaua Sept 21 24 Sept 91 25 Seedless lot 170 . Sept 21 °6 Sept 94 Table showing dates at which the various varieties reached their minimum glucose, selected from average analysis. Scale. Variety. Date. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 16a 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 Link's Hybrid and Oran <*e Sept. 21 Sept. 23 Sept. 24 Sept. 24 Sept. 24 Sept. 25 Sept. 27 Sept, 27 Sept. 28 Sept, 28 Sept. 30 Sept. 30 Sept. 30 Sept, 30 Sept. 30 Sept. 30 Sept. 30 Sept, 30 Sept. 30 Sept. 30 Sept. 30 Sept. 30 Oct. 5 Oct. 5 Oct. 5 Oct. 6 Oct. 12 Oct. 14 Link's Hybrid and India Sorghum Bicolor . . White Mammoth and Link's Hybrid Honey Dew . -. Variety 110 Undendebule (No 2) Early Amber .... Folger's Early Variety 161 . Link's'Hybrid Varietv 112 . . Seedless Lot 170 Me Lean's . Link's Hybrid Crosses . TJbehlana White Mammoth and Oran 88 •_• :»" 21 1.54 21 o 0 8 81 16 1 32 18 ''5 22 Early Orange . ... 10 2.80 20 2.52 22 2.15 22 2.24 23 Table showing the relative value of varieties for the past four years as based on the mean of their maximum purity. 1 888. 1 889. ] 890. ] 891. Moan Variety. Rela- tive posi- tion. Purity. Rela- tive POHI- tion. Purity. Rela- tive posi- tion. Purity. Rela- tive posi- tion. Purity. rela- tive posi- tion. o 0 0 0 4 76 80 1 77 40 1 Colman's cane o o 12 75.55 5 76.38 2 76.30 2 Collier's (Undendebule No. 1) . . Variety No. 161 2 0 71.69 0 7 6 76. !)5 77. 33 9 4 74.73 75.92 9 5 73.80 74 80 3 4 Variety No 208 o o 4 77 76 1 77 70 (5 74 40 5 Variety No. 91 (289) o o 2 79.74 2 76.47 14 72 35 6 1 72 09 3 79 00 16 71 77 11 73 35 7 Variety No 112 o 0 7 76.42 10 74.75 9 73 70 g Variety No. 350 Planter's Friend 0 7 0 65. 39 18 11 70.95 76.06 7 18 74.85 71.49 3 4 75. 48 75 08 9 10 Folger's Early 5 68.24 14 73.15 6 74.91 12 73.30 11 Chinese Imphee o 0 9 76.38 7 74 90 21 69 00 12 o o 10 70 32 19 70 73 10 73 70 13 Variety No. 160 o 4 77.49 12 74.05 19 71 20 14 Golden Orange 6 66.54 17 72.60 13 72.64 16 72.00 15 Early Amber 8 63.34 13 73.94 19 71 02 15 72 20 16 3 70 00 0 o 21 68 07 17 71 70 17 Dend'emuka o 0 16 72.78 11 74.44 18 71.60 18 4 69 50 21 69 78 22 66 94 20 69 10 19 Early Orange . 9 62.93 20 70.55 15 72. 08 21 68.20 20 o 0 17 71 80 21 69 41 22 67 70 21 113 SEED HEADS SELECTED TO BE PROPAGATED IN 1892. EARLY AMBER. Parent plat. Plat. Serial No. Date. Sucrose. Purity. Parent plat. Plat. Serial. Date. Sucrose. Purity. Per ct. Per ct. (*) 36 1 Aug. 24 14.9 75.20 (*) 169 498 Sept. 1 14.1 75.30 (*) 36 51 Aug. 24 13.2 74.50 (*) 169 504 Sept. 1 14.2 75.10 (*) 30 76 Ang. 25 13.2 75.80 (*) 169 508 Sept. 1 15.0 75.80 (*) 36 87 Aug. 25 13.8 75.60 (*) 169 631 Sept. y 14.0 75. 30 (*) 169 248 Aug. 28 13.6 75.90 (*) 169 636 Sept. 2 13.9 77. 20 (*) 169 256 Aug. 28 13.3 75.10 (*) 169 639 Sept. 2 15.1 77.00 (*) 169 257 Aug. 28 14.4 80.00 (*) 547 657 Sept. :'. 14.1 75.40 (*) 169 258 Aug. 28 13.7 76.10 (*) 169 1588 Sept. 5 15.1 80. 30 (*) 169 305 Aug. 28 13.8 75.40 52 58 1605 Sept. 5 14.7 76. 50 (*) 169 317 Aug. 28 13.9 76. 80 t*) 169 1760 Sept. 5 15.2 77.20 (*) 547 359 Sopt, 1 14.7 79.00 (*) 169 1769 Sept. 5 14.8 77.10 (*) 547 360 Sept. 1 13.4 77.90 (*) 169 1775 Sept, f> 14.3 76. 00 (*) 169 381 Sept. 1 13.8 77. 10 (*) 169 1786 Sept. 5 14.9 75.90 (*) 169 390 Sept. 1 13.7 77.00 (*) 169 1800 Sept. 5 14.4 75.40 (*) 169 394 Sept. 1 13.9 75. 10 (*) 169 1806 Sept. 5 15.0 78.10 (*) 169 402 Sept. 1 13.1 76.20 r) 169 1808 Sept. 5 14.7 75.40 (*) 169 420 Sept. 1 13.5 75.90 (*> 169 1812 Sept. 5 14.5 75. 10 (*) 169 422 Sept. 1 13.0 75.60 n 547 2706 Sept. 8 15.6 76.80 (*) 169 424 Sept. 1 13.3 76.00 <*) 547 2714 Sept. 8 15.2 75.20 (*) 169 428 Sept. 1 13.2 75. 40 (*> 547 2832 Sept, 8 14.5 75.90 (*) 169 431 Sept. 1 13.3 75.20 n 547 2834 Sept. 8 14.6 79.80 (*) 169 434 Sept. 1 13.6 75.10 (*) 547 2870 Sept, 8 15.1 76. 30 (*) 169 465 Sept. 1 13.5 75.00 (*> 547 2882 Sept. 8 15.1 75. 90 (*) 169 490 Sept. 1 14.8 76.60 (*) 547 2923 Sept. 8 14.7 75.00 (*) 169 491 Sept. 1 14.0 75.30 (*) 169 3255 Sept. 8 14.0 76.50 f*\ 169 492 Sept. 1 14.6 75. 60 ( ) (*) 169 493 Sept! 1 13! 5 77. 60 M eari of 53 14.18 76. 25 (*) 169 497 Sept. 1 14.0 75.70 EARLY ORANGE. 103 1 5415 Sept. 12 15.5 75.20 102 552 12512 Sept. 22 15.9 78.30 103 1 5417 Sept. 12 16.7 81.90 102 552 12514 Sept. 22 16.8 80.80 103 1 5422 Sept. 12 15.5 77.50 102 552 12522 Sept, 22 16.8 77.50 103 1 5424 Sept. 12 16.1 76.30 102 552 12524 Sept. 22 16.2 76.40 103 1 5427 Sept. 12 16.5 75.70 102 552 12531 Sept, '.'2 15.6 76.10 103 1 5433 Sept. 12 16.9 75.50 102 552 12537 Sept. 22 15.5 80.70 103 1 5435 Sept. 12 15.9 76.50 102 552 12538 Sept. 22 16.8 79.20 103 1 5436 Sept. 12 16.9 76.20 103 81 15828 Sept. 28 16.9 75.80 103 103 1 1 5438 5439 Sept. 12 Sept. 12 16.2 16.3 75. 70 75.50 103 103 81 81 15832 25915 Sept. 28 Oct. 10 16.0 16.3 79.60 75. 20 103 1 5440 Sept. 12 16.0 76.20 103 81 25922 Oct. 10 17.2 76. 10 103 1 5443 Sept. 12 17.0 75.20 103 81 25928 Oct. 10 17.3 77.00 103 1 5444 Sept. 12 15.6 75.70 103 81 25964 Oct. 10 16.4 77.70 103 1 5446 Sept. 12 16.1 75.30 103 81 26478 Oct. 10 17.8 so. .:o 103 1 5447 Sept, 12 16.2 75.00 103 81 26512 Oct. 10 16.5 75.00 103 1 5448 Sept. 12 15.3 80.10 103 81 26522 Oct. 10 16.8 78.20 1 (Yi C A AQ ^i^t-i+ i *> 1 fi A. 77 00 jLUo 103 1 1 o*4y 5462 oepTJ, J«i Sept. 12 J.O. * 15.8 78*. 20 M ean of 36 analy 868 16. 34 77.05 103 1 5470 Sept. 12 16.4 75. 90 Mean of 7 analyses 17.10 76.61 103 1 5478 Sept. 12 16.3 75. 20 ^Xaximviin - - 17.80 81.90 i WHITE INDIA AND ORANGE. 94 53 8542 Sept, 17 15.9 75.40 (*) 584 19787 Oct. 2 15.8 76.00 94 53 8563 Sept. 17 16.0 75.10 (*) 584 19864 Oct. 2 15. 6 75.70 95 51 15580 Sept. 26 17.6 75. 50 (*) 584 19868 Oct. 2 15.2 78. 40 (*) 584 19331 Oct. 2 16.0 76.60 (*) 564 19873 Oct. 2 Hi. 1 78. 90 (*) 584 19336 Oct. 2 16.0 76.60 (*) 584 19881 Oct. 2 15.7 79. 70 (*) - 584 19340 Oct. 2 16.0 76. 90 (*) 584 19882 Oct. 2 15.2 76.80 (*) 584 19372 Oct. 2 15.8 76.30 (*) 584 19898 Oct. 5 17.0 77.60 (*) 584 19406 Oct. 2 15.7 75.10 584 19899 Oct. 5 15.9 76.50 (*) 584 19678 Oct. 2 15.4 76.20 (*) 584 1991)0 Oct. 5 15.6 78.00 (*) 584 19691 Oct. 2 15.9 75.70 (*) 584 199u2 Oct. 5 16.0 76.90 (*) 584 19700 Oct. 2 15.3 75.10 91 9 26140 Oct. 10 15.9 75. 70 <*) 584 19701 Oct. 2 15. 5 76.70 92 43 26236 Oct. 10 15. 3 77. 70 /* V 584 -I r q 76 10 \ ) (*) 584 19753 Oct'. 2 is! 3 /D. 1U 75. 40 M ean of 29 an ah '.ses 15.77 76.51 (*) (*) 584 584 19756 19778 Oct. 2 Oct 2 15.3 15 3 77.70 75. 00 Mean of 6 analys M^axinium es 10.45 17.60 76.76 79.70 (*) 584 19786 Oct. 2 15.3 75.70 21383— No. Grown from average seed. 114 SEED HEADS SELECTED TO BE PROPAGATED IN 1892. VARIETY 112. Parent plat. Plat. Serial No. Date. Sucrose. Purity. I'iircnt plat. Plat. Serial No. Date. Sucrose. Purity. 73 73 73 73 73 73 2 2 2 2 2 2 3148 3149 3151 3154 3157 3160 Sept. 8 Sept. 8 Sept. 8 Sept, 8 Sept. 8 Sept. 8 Per ct. 14.9 14.8 16.0 15.0 15.0 15.4 75.60 75.10 79.60 77.30 75. 40 75.10 (*) (*.) (*) M 531 531 532 can of 24426 24456 24913 9 analys Oct. 8 Oct. 8 Oct. 9 es Per ct. 15.9 15.9 15.5 75. 00 79.90 76.30 15.38 76. 59 VARIETY 110. Parent plat. Plat. Serial No. Date. Sucrose. Purity. 283 45 45 can of 5493 5512 2 analys Sept. 12 Sept. 12 es ... Per ct. 15.2 15.8 15.50 76.40 77.40 76.90 M VARIETY ICO. Parent plat. Plat. Serial No. Date. Sucrose. Purity. Parent plat. Plat. Serial No. Date. Sucrose. Purity. Per ct. Per ct. 328 83 10882 Sept. 19 16.0 75.50 328 12 13128 Sept. 23 16.2 76.80 328 83 10883 Sept. 19 16.0 75.50 328 12 13132 Sept. 23 16.9 75. 20 328 83 10894 Sept. 19 15.4 75.80 828 12 13135 Sept. 23 17.6 76. 50 328 83 10896 Sept, 19 15.7 75.80 328 12 13136 Sept. 23 17.7 78.40 328 83 11727 Scpl. 21 15.6 76.10 328 12 13187 Sept. 2.'! 16.7 7ti. )l() 328 83 11728 Sept. 21 15.8 76.00 328 192 21468 Oct. 6 16.0 75.10 328 83 11730 Sopt. 21 17.3 75.60 I 328 83 11731 Sept. 21 15.9 7-">. 70 M^'an of 15 analyses 16.34 75. 99 328 83 11733 Sept. 21 16.3 75.80 Maximum ... 17.70 78.40 VARIETY 161. 342 11 1243 Sept. 4 15.5 75 20 36 13 13096 Sept. 23 16.7 75.30 342 11 1263 Sept. 4 14.8 80.00 36 13 13105 Sept, 23 16.5 75.70 342 11 1282 Sept. 4 15.0 78.10 36 13 13106 Sept. 23 17.5 75. 50 342 11 1294 Sept. 4 15.1 76.60 36 13 13111 Sept. 23 16.5 75.70 342 11 3130 Sept. S 15.3 76.90 (*) 542 14102 Sept. 24 17.0 76. 30 342 11 3139 Sept, 8 15.0 75.80 (*) 542 14103 Sept. 24 16.9 76.90 342 11 3140 Sept. 8 15.0 75.40 (*) 542 14105 Sept. 24 16.8 76.00 342 11 4644 Sept, 11 15.3 76. 90 (*) 542 14106 Sept. 24 17.5 77.90 342 11 4649 Sept. 11 15.3 75.00 (*) 542 14107 Sept. 24 16.8 77.50 342 11 4652 Sept. 11 15.3 76.50 (*) 542 14108 Sept. 24 16.8 79. 20 342 11 4653 Sept. 11 15.2 76.80 (*) 542 14110 Sept. 24 16.8 76. 70 342 11 4661 Sept. 11 15.2 76.00 (*) 542 14112 Sept. 24 16.4 76.70 342 11 4674 Sept. 11 15.7 76.60 (*) 542 14113 S«pt. 24 16.9 77.20 342 11 4681 Sept, 11 15.5 76.00 (*) 542 14114 Sept. 24 17.3 79.00 (*) 542 5010 Sept, 12 15.3 77.70 (*) 542 14115 Sept. 24 17.7 77.00 (*) 542 5923 Sept, 14 15.3 77.30 (*) 542 14125 Sept, 24 16.8 77.50 (*) 542 5940 Sept, 14 15.4 78.60 (*) 542 14130 Sept. 24 17.0 79.10 (*) 542 7844 Sept, 16 15.6 77. 20 (*) 542 14134 Sept. 24 16.2 78.30 (*) 542 7845 Sept. 16 15.7 77.30 (*) 542 14137 Sept. 24 16.4 79. 20 M 542 8182 Sept. 17 16.3 76.20 (*) 542 14139 Sept. 24 17.5 77.90 (*> 170 9712 Sept. 18 15.7 76.20 (*) 542 14272 Sept. 25 16.3 80.30 (*> 170 9715 Sept, 18 16.2 76. 10 (*) 542 16239 Sapt. 28 16.2 78.30 (*) 170 9720 Sept. 18 16.3 76.20 (*) 542 16240 Sept. 28 16.5 77.20 (*) 170 9741 Sept. 18 16.7 76.60 (*) 542 16257 Sept. 28 16.4 81.60 (*> 170 9745 Sept. 18 16.1 82.20 (*) 542 16258 Sept. 28 16:4 79.20 (*) 170 11495 Sept. 21 16. 0 78.10 <*) 542 16645 Sept. 28 16.6 79.40 (*> (*\ 170 11497 11499 Sept. 21 16.7 16 2 78.10 76 80 (*) 542 16648 Sept. 28 17.9 77.90 t (*) 170 12189 Sept. 22 7e!oo M p.fin 16.22 77.27 \ / (*) 170 Sept. 22 16 1 76.30 Mean of 8 nnalvafis 17.40 77.56 36 13 1&92 Sept. 23 16.8 75. 70 Maximu 17.90 82.20 * Grown from average seed. 115 SEED HEADS SELECTED TO BE PROPAGATED IN 1892. MCLEAN'S. Parent plat. Plat. Serial No. Date. Sucrose. Purity. Parent plat. Plat. Serial No. Date. Sucrose. Purity. Percent. Percent. (*) 548 7802 Sept. 16 17.3 76.60 (*) 548 9848 Sept. 18 18.1 78.10 (*) 548 7803 Sept. 16 17.9 76.50 (*) 548 9852 Sept. 18 18.0 79.00 (*) 548 7805 Sept. 16 17.5 76.50 (*) 548 9854 Sept. 18 17.7 77.70 (*•) 561 7813 Sept. 16 17.0 77.00 (*) 548 9895 Sept. 18 ]8.2 79.10 (*) 561 7815 Sept.. 16 16.9 85.40 (*) 548 9900 Sept. 18 18.2 78.50 (*) 548 8217 Sept. 17 17.1 78.10 (*) 548 9901 Sept. 18 18. (3 79.10 (*) 548 8224 Sept. 17 17.2 77.50 <*) 548 9902 Sept. 18 18.4 78.00 (*) 548 8225 Sept. 17 17.3 78.00 (*) 548 9926 Sept. 18 17. 9 78.20 (*) 548 8233 Sept. 17 17.2 77.50 (*) 548 9927 Sept. 18 18.2 78.20 (*) 548 8241 Sept. 17 16.8 80.40 (*) 548 9932 Sept. 18 17.6 78.30 (*) 548 8271 Sept, 17 17.0 77.60 (*) 548 9937 Sept. 18 17.7 77.70 (*) 548 8917 Sept. 17 17.8 76.70 (*) 548 9944 Sept. 18 17.9 78.30 <*) 548 8930 Sept. 17 17.5 78.90 (*) 548 9947 Sept. 18 18.5 79.00 (*) 548 8990 Sept. 18 17.4 76.90 (*) 548 9948 Sept. 18 17.7 77.70 <") 548 9000 Sept. 18 17.0 78.70 (*) 548 9949 Sept. 18 18.6 79.80 (*) x548 9035 Sept. 18 18.2 76.80 (*) 548 9952 Sept. 18 17. 8 77.80 (*) 548 9044 Sept. 18 18.1 77.10 (*) 548 9953 Sept. 18 18.3 77.90 (*) 548 9063 Sept. 18 17.2 77.10 (*) 548 9955 Sept. 18 18.7 78.90 (*) 548 9074 Sept. 18 18.1 77.10 (*) 548 9958 Sept. 18 18.2 77.80 (*) 548 9075 Sept. 18 17.7 77.00 (*) 548 9963 Sept. 18 17.9 80.00 (*) 548 9123 Sept. 18 18.1 77.10 (*) 548 9965 Sept. 18 17.6 78.60 ' (*) 548 9125 Sept. 18 17.4 77.40 (*) 548 9969 Sept. 18 18.0 77.60 (*) 348 9129 Sept. 18 17.8 77.00 <*) 548 l 9988 Sept. 18 18.6 78.10 (*) 548 9130 Sept. 18 17.3 77.00 (*) 548 9989 Sept. 18 18.0 78.00 (*) 548 9181 Sept. 18 17.5 76.80 (*) 548 9992 Sept. 18 18.4 78.00 (*) 548 9185 Sept. 18 18.3 77.60 (*) 548 9993 Sept. 18 19.1 78.90 (*) 548 9190 Sept. 18 17.7 81.50 (*) 548 10002 Sept. 18 18.7 78.20 (*) 561 9237 Sept. 18 17.2 77.50 (*) 548 10011 Sept. 18 18.4 81.40 (*) 561 9241 Sept. 18 17.6 77.90 <*) 548 10048 Sept. 18 19.4 85,40 (*) 561 9244 Sept. 18 17.5 76.80 (*) 548 10052 Sept. 18 18.7 79.60 n 561 9245 Sept. 18 17.2 79.30 (*) 548 10068 Sept. 18 18.2 79.50 (*> 561 9247 Sept. 18 17.6 78.60 (*) 548 10071 Sept. 18 18.5 77.10 (*> 561 9248 Sept. 18 16.9 78.30 (*) 548 10072 Sept. 18 18.3 77.60 (*) 561 9250 Sept. 18 17.5 77.20 (*) 548 10078 Sept. 18 18.2 77.50 (* 561 9252 Sept. 18 17.6 77.60 (*) 548 10081 Sept. 18 18.5 78.10 (*) 561 9254 Sept. 18 17.0 76.70 (*) 548 10094 Sept. 18 18.2 82.30 (*) 561 9256 Sept. 18 17.3 77.00 <*) 548 10100 Sept. 18 19.0 81. 50 (*) 561 9259 Sept. 18 17.0 77.30 (*) 548 10115 Sept. 18 18.1 77.80 (*) 561 9265 Sept. 18 17.5 77.50 <*) 548 10116 Sept. 18 18.5 78.70 <*) 561 9337 Sept. 18 18.0 78.00 (*) 561 10311 Sept, 19 17.7 78.40 (*) 561 9339 Sept. 18 17.2 77.10 (*) 581 10312 Sept. 19 18.1 81.50 (*) 561 9358 Sept. 18 17.3 78.70 (*) 561 10337 Sept. 19 17.6 78.60 (*> 561 9362 Sept. 18 17.3 77.00 (*) 561 10358 Sept. 19 17.9 80.00 <*) 561 9365 Sept. 1« 17.7 77.70 (*) 561 10367 Sept. 19 19.0 78.50 (*) 561 9366 Sept. 18 17.1 77.50 (*) 561 10369 Sept. 19 18.3 77.70 <*) 561 9371 Sept. 18 17.8 80.50 (*) 561 10378 Sept. 19 18.5 79.40 (*) 561 9395 Sept. 18 17.3 80.90 (*) 561 10400 Sept. 19 17.8 79.20 (*> 561 9407 Sept. 18 17.7 77.70 (*) 561 10408 Sept. 19 18.0 79.00 (*> 561 9410 Sept. 18 17.4 80.30 127 44 10457 Sept. 19 18.3 78.90 (*) 561 9412 Sept. 18 17.3 78.70 127 44 10461 Sept. 19 17.8 84.80 n 561 9434 Sept. 18 17.8 77.80 (*) 561 11164 Sept. 21 18.0 77.90 (*) 561 9437 Sept. 18 17.4 77.70 (*) 561 15497 Sept. 26 18.1 78.10 (*) 561 9443 Sept. 18 18.2 78.80 (*) 561 15518 Sept. 26 18.4 77.70 <*) 561 9444 Sept. 18 17.2 77.10 (*) 561 15524 Sept. 26 18.3 77.60 (*) 561 9479 Sept. 18 17.2 77.50 (*) 561 15531 Sept. 26 17.8 78.80 <*) 561 9483 Sept. 18 17.2 77.10 (*) 561 15538 Sept. 26 18.4 79.00 (*> 561 9485 Sept. 18 17.5 78.20 (*) 589 17312 Sept. 29 17.9 77.90 <*) 561 9486 Sept. 18 17.6 77.90 <*) 589 17364 Sept. 29 18.0 81.00 (*) 561 9492 Sept. 18 17.8 78.80 (*) 589 17378 Sept. 29 18.4 80.40 (*) 561 9501 Sept. 18 18.0 80.40 (*) 589 17407 Sept. 29 18.5 78.70 (*) 561 9507 Sept. 18 17.5 77.50 (*) 589 17411 Sept. 29 17.8 80. 50 (*) 561 9517 Sept. 16 18.0 79.00 (*) 589 17416 Sept. 29 18.0 83.30 (*) 561 9519 Sept. 18 17.7 79.10 (*) 589 17424 Sept. 29 17.7 78.10 <*) 561 9521 Sept. 18 17.9 77.50 (*) 589 17458 Sept. 29 17.7 78.80 (*) 561 9557 Sept. 18 17.4 78.40 (*) 589 17488 Sept. 29 17.9 77. 90 (*> 361 9569 Sept. 18 17.7 78. 10 (*) 589 17512 Sept. 29 17.9 79.20 <*) 561 9575 Sept. 18 17.8 77.80 <*) 589 17833 Sept. 30 17.8 77.80 r) 561 9595 Sept. 18 18.4 78.00 (*) 589 17862 Sept. 30 17.7 79.10 (*) 561 9614 Sept. 18 18.7 79.90 (*) 589 18308 Sept. 30 17.7 79.40 n 561 9624 Sept. 18 17.8 79.20 (*) 389 18367 Sept. 30 17.8 78.10 (*) 561 9635 Sept. 18 17.5 77.90 (*) 561 18590 Oct. 2 18.2 77.80 (*> 561 9655 Sept. 18 17.5 79. 60 (*) 561 18601 Oct. 2 18.2 77.50 (*> 561 9664 Sept. 18 18.1 78.80 (*) 561 18608 Oct. 2 17.7 78.40 (*) 548 9795 Sept. 18 18.2 77.80 (*) 561 18613 Oct. 2 17.8 78.80 (*) 548 9800 Sept. 18 18.5 78.10 (*) 561 18614 Oct. 2 18.4 78.30 (*) 548 9805 Sept. 18 18.0 77.60 (*) 589 18635 Oct. 2 17.6 77.90 (*> 548 9809 Sept. 18 17.5 77.50 (*) 589 18642 Oct. 2 17.5 78.90 (*> 548 9826 Sept. 18 18.1 84.20 (*) 589 18799 Oct. 2 17.5 78.90 (*) 548 9834 Sept. 18 18.3 77.70 (*) 589 18908 Oct. 2 18.5 78.10 ' Grown from average seed- 116 SEED HEADS SELECTED TO BE PROPAGATED IN 1892. MCLEAN'S— Continued. Parent plat. Plat. Serial No. Date. Sucrose. Purity. Parent plat. Plat. Serial No. Date. Sucrose. Purity. Percent. Percent. (*) 589 18914 Oct. 2 17.5 77.90 127 172 20847 Oct. 5 17.8 78.80 <*) 589 18925 Oct. 2 17.5 84.10 127 172 20851 Oct. 5 17.5 81.80 (*) 589 18931 Oct. 2 17.6 77.90 127 172 20860 Oct. 5 17.9 79.20 •(*) 589 18934 Oct. 2 17.5 80. 30 127 172 20882 Oct. 5 17.7 79.40 (*) 589 18937 Oct. 2 17.7 78.10 127 172 20918 Oct. 5 18.0 79.00 (*) 589 18938 Oct. 2 17.6 79.60 127 172 20943 Oct. 5 18.0 79.60 (*) 589 18942 Oct. 2 17.6 78.30 127 173 20990 Oct. 5 17.6 78.90 (*) 589 19950 Oct. 5 17.8 83.20 127 173 21085 Oct. 5 17.7 79.40 (") 589 19961 Oct. 5 17.8 82.00 127 174 21227 Oct. 5 17.8 78.50 (*) 589 19967 Oct. 5 17.5 81.80 127 174 21337 Oct. 6 19.0 87.90 (*) 589 19969 Oct. 5 17.7 81.50 127 174 21353 Oct. 6 18.3 85.60 (*) 589 20009 Oct, 5 17.5 78.90 127 174 21384 Oct. 6 17.7 79. 10 (*) 589 20134 Oct. 5 17.6 83. 90 127 174 21422 Oct. 6 18.3 80.00 (*) 589 20140 Oct. 5 17.7 83. 90 127 445 23143 Oct. 7 17.8 78.80 (*) 589 20169 Oct. 5 17.7 83.90 127 445 23175 Oct. 7 17.6 80.00 (*) 589 20174 Oct. 5 17.7 84.40 127 445 23179 Oct. 7 18.4 79.70 127 171 20631 Oct. 5 17.9 80. 60 127 445 23200 Oct. 7 18.0 80.40 127 171 20695 Oct. 5 18.4 88.40 127 445 23207 Oct. 7 18.0 80.00 127 171 20705 Oct. 5 18.1 79.80 127 171 20735 Oct. 5 18.5 79.00 Mean 17.85 78.96 127 171 20740 Oct. 5 17.8 79.50 Mean of 77 seed heads 18.32 79! 25 127 171 20804 Oct. 5 17.8 78.50 Moan of 5 seed heads 19.10 82. 44 127 172 20830 Oct. 5 17.5 78.90 Maximum 19.40 85.40 127 127 172 172 20832 20846 Oct. 5 Oct. 5 17.5 17.6 78.20 78.60 Mean of general selection, including 1620 seed heads 16.20 75.86 LINK'S HYBRID. 66 556 6107 Sept. 14 15.7 78.10 57 20 12934 Sept. 23 16.8 75. 00 66 556 6136 Sept. 14 15.2 77. 20 57 20 12936 Sept. 23 17.0 75. 20 66 556 6352 Sept. 15 15.2 76.00 57 20 12938 Sept. 23 ](>. 7 7(1. 3'» 66 556 6403 Sept. 15 15. 3 78.90 f>7 20 12939 Sept. 23 17.0 77. 30 66 556 6427 Sept. 15 15.0 78. 50 r.7 20 12940 Sept. 23 17.3 76. (i() 66 556 6436 Sept. 15 i 15. 2 75. 00 57 20 12960 Sept. 23 17.1 75. 70 66 556 6600 Sept. 15 ! 15. 0 7f>. 00 57 20 12961 Sept. 23 17.5 76.50 66 556 6644 Sept. 15 1 15. 3 7C> 90 66 556 6647 Sept. 15 15! 2 77! 60 Mean of 14 seed heads 16.36 76. 22 66 21 7413 Sept. 16 15.3 75. 30 Mean of 6 seed heads 17.10 76.11 66 21 7414 Sept. 16 15.3 75.00 Maximum . . 17.50 78. 60 66 21 74'6 Sept. 16 15.5 76.00 6(i 66 21 21 7432 7437 Sept, 16 Sept. 16 15.7 15.3 80.10 75. 70 60 60 23 23 7286 I Sept. 16 7288 ! Sept. 16 "~16.1T 15.8 75.70~ 79.40 66 21 7444 Sept. 16 16.0 75.50 60 23 7375 Sept. 16 16.6 75.10 66 556 7481 Sept. 16 15.7 75.50 60 555 17885 Sept. 30 16.3 75. 20 66 556 7486 Sept. 16 16.9 77.10 60 555 17904 Sept, 30 16.4 75.60 66 556 7490 Sept. 16 15.6 77.20 60 555 17907 Sept. 30 16.2 75.70 66 556 7501 Sept. 16 15.6 76.10 60 555 17913 Sept. 30 16.4 76.70 66 556 7537 Sept. 16 15.8 76.70 GO r.55 17915 Sept, 30 16.4 7(i. 10 66 556 7562 Sept, 16 15.5 7(i. 00 60 555 17918 Sept. 30 16.1 76.70 . 66 556 7577 Sept. 16 15.6 7(>. 80 60 555 17!)3l Sept. 30 17.4 78.00 66 21 10719 Sept. 19 | It). 0 7t. 24 17.0 79.80 60 555 17974 Sept. 30 16.0 75. 80 60 555 17975 Sept. 30 15. 8 75. 20 Mean of 27 seed heads 15.74 77.08 60 590 18148 Sept! 30 ie!? 77! oo Mean of 11 seed heads 16.72 77. 97 60 590 18166 Sept. 30 16.0 75. 50 Maximum 17.50 84.90 60 590 18169 Sept, 30 16.7 7t;. oo 60 590 18172 Sept. 30 16.4 76.70 (*) 25 17085 Sept. 29 15.9 75. 00 60 590 18177 Sept, 30 16.7 75. :jo (*) 25 17090 Sept. 29 15.6 75. 00 60 590 18187 Sept. 30 17.5 77.30 (*) 25 17097 Sept. 29 16.5 75. 70 60 590 18190 Sept, 30 16.6 75.50 (*) 25 17119 Sept. 29 15.7 76. 60 60 590 18199 Sept, 30 16.7 82. 70 35 519 24290 Oct. 8 16.4 75.90 60 590 18253 Sept, 30 16.9 76.20 57 537 24736 Oct. 9 16.1 78.60 60 555 22839 Oct. 7 16.1 80. 50 60 555 22903 Oct. 7 16. 8 77. 10 Mean of 6 seed heads 16.03 76. 13 60 555 22926 Oct. 7 i.r)! r> 7a! GO =:=•: 60 555 22 :« Oct. 7 17.0 80.20 57 20 11016 Sept. 21 15.2 75. 20 60 590 19157 Oct. 2 15.0 76. 50 57 20 11025 Sept, 21 15.4 77.40 60 590 19172 Oct. 2 15.5 76. 00 57 20 11037 Sept. 21 15.7 76.20 60 51:0 19173 Oct. 2 15.4 82. 50 57 20 11042 Sept. 21 15.5 76.00 60 446 23212 Oct. 7 16.8 79.60 57 2o 11045 Sept 21 15 3 75 70 57 57 20 20 11047 12922 Sept! 21 Sept. 23 15.4 17. 2 78! 60 75. 40 Mean of 33 seed heads 16.36 73.94 Grown from average seed. 117 SEED HEADS SELECTED TO BE PROPAGATED IN 1892. LINK'S HYBKID. Parent plat. Plat. Serial No. Date. Sucrose. Purity. Parent plat. Plat. Serial No. Date. Sucrose. Purity. 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 M M 34 34 34 34 34 34 34" 34 34 M M 61 61 M 56 56 56 56 56 50 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 ean of axium 27 27 27 27 27 27 27 27 27 ean of aximu 504 504 ean 15117 15123 15131 15326 15143 15154 15155 15166 8 seed h m Sept. 26 Sept. 26 Sept. 26 Sept. 26 Sept. 26 Sept. 26 Sept. 26 Sept. 26 eads Per cent. 16.9 17.1 17.2 17.6 16.3 16.4 16,7 17. 5 76.20 76.40 77. 90 77.60 76. 20 75.90 77.30 77.30 56 56 56 56 56 M M M 43 43 43 43 43 43 43 43 43 43 43 43 43 43 43 43 43 43 43 43 43 43 M M M 33 33 33 33 33 ean of ean of aximu 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 ean of ean of axiinu 15203 15211 15214 15215 15218 11 seed ] 4 seed b Sept. 26 Sept. 26 Sept. 26 Sept. 26 Sept. 26 leads eads Percent. 17.9 16.7 16.6 17.6 16.6 78.30 75.60 75.10 75. 10 75.10 16.71 17.47 17.90 76.02 76.40 78.30 16.96 17.60 76.85 77.90 10571 10575 10578 10583 10604 10607 10608 10619 10625 1062 ; ioe::o 10631 10632 1486i 14864 14865 14874 14879 14887 14889 14900 14928 22 seed 1 10 seed ] m Sept. 19 Sept. 19 Sept. 19 Sept. 19 Sept. 19 Sept. 19 Sept. 19 Sept. 19 Sept. 19 Sept. 19 Sept. 19 Sept. 19 Sept. 19 Sept. 25 Sept. 25 Sept. 25 Sept. 25 Sept. 25 Sept. 25 Sept. 25 Sept. 25 Sept. 25 leads leads 17.2 16.8 17.0 16.7 17.5 17.2 16.1 16.0 17.0 16.6 16.8 16.7 17.1 17.4 16.6 16.8 16.9 18.2 17.8 16.5 17.6 16.8 76.10 75.30 76.70 78.60 77.20 75.10 75.60 75.80 75.60 75.80 75.00 76.60 76.10 75.60 76.80 77. 10 75.20 76.10 75.70 75. 70 76.20 75.30 16863 16864 16869 16881 16886 16887 16889 16890 16913 9 seed h Sept. 29 Sept. 29 Sept. 29 Sept. 29 Sept. 29 Sept. 29 Sept. 29 Sept. 29 Sept, 29 gads ... 17.5 16.7 16.6 17.7 18.7 17.9 18.1 18.2 16.8 75.90 76.30 75.50 75. 30 77.60 87.50 75.70 76.10 77.10 17.58" 18.70 77.44 87.50 23850 23911 Oct. 8 Oct. 8 15.9 15.7 75.40 76.60 15.80 76.00 33 33 33 33 33 33 11049 11060 11061 11064 15170 15182 Sept. 21 Sept. 21 Sept. 21 Sept. 21 Sept. 26 Sept. 26 15.3 16.4 16.3 16.0 17.1 17.3 75.00 77.00 76.20 76.60 75.40 76.80 17.06 17.40 18. 20 76.05 76.04 78.60 FOLGER'S EARLY. 110 4 721 Sept. 3 15.1 75.20 110 4 912 Sept. 3 16.6 75.10 110 4 740 Sept. 3 15.4 76. 20 110 4 913 Sept. 3 15.9 75.40 110 4 747 Sept. 3 15.4 76.20 110 4 914 Sept. 3 15.2 75.00 110 4 764 Sept. 3 15.2 76.00 110 4 915 Sept. 3 16.6 78.00 110 4 780 Sept. 3 15.9 76.40 110 4 916 Sept. 3 15.6 75.50 110 4 783 Sept. 3 15.4 76.60 110 4 917 Sept. 3 16.1 77.40 110 4 784 Sept. 3 15.7 75.10 110 4 918 Sept. 3 16.4 77.30 110 4 785 Sept. 3 16.2 77.80 110 4 919 Sept. 3 15.3 75.00 110 4 786 Sept. 3 15.4 75.50 110 4 920 Sept. 3 16.2 76.40 110 4 793 Sept. 3 15.1 76.40 110 4 922 Sept. 3 16.8 76.00 110 4 796 Sept. 3 15.9 77.90 110 4 923 Sept. 3 16.6 75.50 110 4 807 Sept. 3 16.0 78.40 110 4 927 Sept. 3 16.3 77.30 110 4 812 Sept. 3 16.3 76.10 110 4 1009 Sept. 3 16.2 75.00 110 4 816 Sept. 3 16.0 75. 50 110 4 1021 Sept. 3 16.8 75.70 110 4 839 Sept. 3 16.0 75.10 110 4 1022 Sept. 3 16.9 74.80 110 4 840 Sept. 3 16.4 75.50 no 4 1023 Sept. 3 16.6 74.40 110 4 842 Sept. 3 16.2 75.00 (*) 586 1355 Sept. 4 15.1 79.00 110 4 844 Sept. 3 15.8 76.40 (*) 586 1504 Sept. 4 15.2 77.90 110 4 845 Sept. 3 16.0 75.50 (*) 586 1555 Sept. 5 15.7 74.50 110 4 849 Sept. 3 16.1 75.60 (*) 586 1569 Sept. 5 15.2 74.90 110 4 850 Sept. 3 15.5 75.10 110 4 1611 Sept. 5 16.2 76.40 110 4 853 Sept. 3 15.2 75.30 110 4 1612 Sept. 5 16.6 76.50 110 4 859 Sept. 3 17.1 76.30 110 4 1613 Sept. 5 16.0 75.80 110 4 870 Sept. 3 16.3 77.60 110 4 1614 Sept. 5 15.4 76.60 110 4 871 Sept. 3 16.0 75.10 110 4 1615 Sept. 5 15.9 77.20 110 4 875 Sept. 3 15.5 76.70 no 4 1617 Sept. 5 15.8 70. 70 110 4 879 Sept. 3 16.6 77.60 no 4 1619 Sept. 5 15.7 75. 80 110 4 888 Sept. 3 16.3 76.20 110 4 1620 Sept. 5 16.2 76.40 110 4 891 Sept. 3 15.8 76.30 110 4 1622 Sept. 5 15.7 75.50 no 4 892 Sept. 3 15. 7 75.40 no 4 1623 Sept. 5 15.7 75. 10 no 4 893 Sept. 3 15.7 75.70 no 4 1626 Sept. 5 15.7 75.80 110 4 896 Sept. 3 15.0 75.00 110 4 1628 Sept. 5 16.3 75. 50 no 4 89? Sept. 3 15.6 75.70 no 4 1629 Sept. 5 15.8 75. 60 110 4 906 Sept. 3 16.8 80.80 110 4 1630 Sept. 5 16.4 76. 70 110 4 908 Sept. 3 15.7 75.70 110 4 1644 Sept. 5 16.1 76.00 no 4 910 Sept. 3 15.9 75.40 110 4 1656 Sept. 5 16.4 75.90 * Grown from average seed. 118 SEED HEADS SELECTED TO BE PROPAGATED IN 1892. FOLGElt'S EARLY— Continued. Parent plat. Plat. Serial No. Date. Sucrose. Purity. Parent plat. Plat. Serial No. Date. Sucrose. Purity. Percent. Percent. 110 4 1657 Sept. 5 15.9 77.20 110 4 1968 Sept. 5 17.4 75. 00 110 4 1660 Sept. 5 15.3 75.00 110 4 1971 Sept. 5 17.5 80. 20 110 4 1661 Sept. 5 15.6 77.20 110 1977 Sept. 5 17.5 77.50 110 4 1662 Sept. 5 15.4 77. 40 110 1979 Sept. 5 16.6 76.80 110 4 1663 Sept. 5 16.1 75.30 110 1980 Sept. 5 16.8 76.40 110 4 1664 Sept. 5 15.7 76.60 110 1982 Sept. 5 17.5 76.50 110 4 1665 Sept. 5 15.9 75.40 110 1983 Sept. 5 17.8 78.50 110 4 1666 Sept. 5 16.0 75.50 110 1984 Sept. 5 16.7 76.00 110 4 1667 Sept. 5 17.0 79.50 110 1986 Sept. 5 15.4 77.80 110 4 1680 Sept. 5 15.8 78.20 no 1987 Sept. 5 17.3 78.40 110 4 1684 Sept. 5 15.8 76.00 110 1990 Sept. 5 17.1 80.00 110 4 1686 Sept. 5 15.6 76.80 no 1994 Sept. 5 16.7 76.60 110 4 1689 Sept. 5 15.2 76.00 110 1998 Sept. 5 17.5 77.90 110 4 1690 Sept. 5 15.8 75. 20 no 1999 Sept. 5 17.6 76.50 110 4 1691 Sept. 5 16.6 75.80 no 4 2000 Sept. 5 17.4 79.10 (*) 540 1818 Sept. 5 15.5 80.50 110 4 2001 Sept. 5 16.0 75.10 (*) 540 1819 Sept. 5 15.5 79.50 no 4 2003 Sept. 5 16.9 75.20 (*) 540 1829 Sept. 5 15.1 81.20 110 4 2004 Sept. 5 17.2 79.60 (*) 540 1830 Sept. 5 15.6 75.70 110 4 2516 Sept. 5 16.1 77.80 (*) 540 1857 Sept. 5 15.6 77.20 <*) 540 2622 Sept. 5 15.0 75.00 <*) 540 1858 Sept. 5 15.9 77.60 <*) 540 2630 Sept. 5 15.0 75.80 (*) 540 1865 Sept. 5 15.8 81.90 <*) 540 2659 Sept. 5 15.3 75.70 (*) 540 1866 Sept. 5 15.6 76. 10 (*) 540 4076 Sept. 5 15.1 77.10 (*> 540 1869 Sept. :> 15.1 76.30 (*) 540 4523 Sept. 5 15.2 75.60 (*) 540 1871 Sept. 5 15.7 78.10 (*) 540 4557 Sept. 5 15.0 75.40 (*) 540 1882 Sept. 5 15.1 75. 50 (*) 540 4561 Sept. 5 15.7 78.90 110 4 1886 Sept. 5 1 7. r. 76.40 (*) 540 4584 Sept. 5 15.3 75.00 110 4 1888 Sept. 5 17.3 74.90 (*) 540 4585 Sept. 5 15.3 75. 00 110 1891 Sept, r, 17.3 75. 20 (*) 540 4592 Sept. 5 15.2 75.20 110 1894 Sept. f. 17.3 76.10 (*) 540 4595 Sept. 5 15.3 76.50 110 1899 Sept. 5 16.5 75.00 w 586 4596 Sept. 11 15. 0 75. 40 110 1900 S<>pt. 5 16.9 76.20 <*) 586 4602 Sept. 11 15. 2 75. 20 110 1901 Sept. 5 16.8 75.70 <*) 586 4615 Sept. 11 15.1 75.10 110 1902 Sept. 5 16.9 76.90 (*) 586 4840 Sept. 11 15.1 75. 90 110 1903 Sept. 5 16.9 77.60 (*) 586 4865 Sept. 11 15.4 77.00 110 1904 Sept. 5 17.3 77.00 <*) 586 4866 Sept. 11 15.0 77.70 110 1905 Sept. 5 16.8 75.70 (*) 5H6 4868 Sept. 11 15.0 76.90 110 1910 Sept. 5 17.0 77.70 (*) 586 4873 Sept. 12 15.1 76.70 110 1911 Sept. 5 17.0 75.20 (*) 586 4896 Sept. 12 15.0 75.80 110 1913 Sept. 5 18.0 79.60 (*) 586 4900 Sept, 12 15.0 77. 30 110 1916 Sept. 5 17.6 75.90 (*) 586 4916 Sept. 12 15.0 75.40 110 1917 Sept. 5 18.1 79.50 (*) 586 4930 Sept. 12 15.7 78.50 110 1918 Sept. 5 16.6 75.50 (*) 586 4933 Sept. 12 15.3 76.50 110 1920 Sept. 5 16.8 76.40 (*) 586 4939 Sept. 12 15.1 76.70 110 1921 Sept. 5 18.0 78.70 (*) 586 4945 Sept. 12 15.0 75.40 110 1922 Sept. 5 17.3 77.00 (*) 586 4953 Sept. 12 15.3 77.70 110 1923 Sept. 5 17.4 77.40 (*) 586 4970 Sept. 12 15.3 75.70 110 1924 Sept. 5 16.6 75.10 (*) 586 4981 Sept. 12 15.2 76.40 110 1925 Sept. 5 16.6 76.40 (*) 586 4982 Sept. 12 15. 3 76.10 110 1926 Sept. 5 18.0 79. 30 (*) 586 4986 Sept. 12 15.8 79.80 110 1928 Sept. 5 17.8 75. 70 (*) 586 4994 Sept. 12 15.1 75.90 110 1930 Sept. 5 16.8 76.40 <*) 586 4995 Sept. 12 15.7 78.10 110 1931 Sept. 5 17.3 78.70 (*) 586 4997 Sept. 12 15.2 76.80 110 1932 Sept. 5 17.3 75. 60 (*) 586 5540 Sept. 12 15.0 75.00 110 1933 Sept. 5 17.5 77.90 (*) 586 8574 Sept, 17 15.5 76.70 110 1934 Sept. 5 18.0 80. 00 (*) 586 8577 Sept. 17 15.7 77.70 110 1935 Sept. 5 16.7 77.70 (*) 586 8585 Sept. 17 15.9 77.20 110 1936 Sept. 5 17.6 79.30 (*) 586 8590 Sept. 17 16.0 75.50 110 1937 Sept. 5 16.7 79.90 (*) 586 8595 Sept. 17 15.3 76.50 110 1938 Sept. 5 16.9 76.20 (*) 586 8596 Sept. 17 15.5 72.20 110 1939 Sept. 5 17.8 80.90 (*) 586 8604 Sept. 17 15.4 75.50 110 1941 Sept. 5 17.2 78.90 n 586 8609 Sept. 17 15.6 75.00 110 1942 Sept. 5 18.3 80.70 <*) 586 8610 Sept, 17 15.7 77.00 110 1943 Sept. 5 16.5 77.20 (*) 586 8620 Sept. 17 15.7 75.80 110 1944 Sept. 5 17.0 77.30 <*) 586 8631 Sept. 17 15.3 75.40 110 1946 Sept. 5 16.6 76.10 <*) 586 8632 Sept. 17 15.7 76.60 110 1947 Sept. 5 16.6 77.90 (*) 586 8635 Sept. 17 15.1 76.70 110 4 1949 Sept. 5 17.8 89.00 (*> 586 8641 Sept. 17 16.3 77.20 110 4 1950 Sept. 5 18.0 78.30 (*> 586 8668 Sept. 17 16.1 76.00 110 4 1954 Sept. 5 17.1 79.10 (*> 540 9225 Sept. 18 15.6 75.60 110 4 1955 Sept. 5 17.8 75.70 (*) 540 9227 Sept. 18 15.0 75.40 110 4 1957 Sept. 5 16.3 76.60 (*> 593 14189 Sept. 25 16.4 81. 20 lie 4 1958 Sept. 5 16.9 76.90 (*) 593 14191 Sept. 25 16.0 76.90 110 4 1959 Sept. 5 17.6 78.30 (*) 593 14192 Sept. 25 15.8 75.60 no 4 1960 Sept. 5 17.6 76.50 (*) 593 14193 Sept. 25 15.7 77. 00 no 4 1961 Sept, 5 17.2 76.50 (*) 593 14201 Sept. 25 15.5 76. 30 no 4 1966 Sept. 5 17.9 77.50 (*) 593 14213 Sept. 25 15.5 76.70 no 4 1967 Sept. 5 17.4 75.30 (A) 593 14244 Sept. 25 16.2 75.30 Grown from average seed. 119 SEED HEADS SELECTED TO BE PROPAGATED IN 1892. FOLGER'S EARLY— Continued. Parent plat. Plat. Serial No. Date. Sucrose. Purity. Parent plat. Plat. Serial No. Date. Sucrose. Purity. Percent. Per cent. (*) 593 14518 Sept. 25 15.0 75.80 (*) 540 16413 Sept. 28 17.1 75.70 (*) 593 14575 Sept. 25 15.5 75.20 (*) 540 16416 Sept. 28 16. 3 76.90 *) 5915 14650 Sept, 25 15.3 75.00 (*) 540 16426 Sept. 28 15.9 75.00 *) 593 14661 Sept. 25 16.4 75. 20 (*) 540 16436 Sept. 28 16.4 75.90 *) 540 16301 Sept. 28 16.0 75.10 (*) 540 16437 Sept. 28 15.9 76.80 *) 540 16302 Sept. 28 15.4 77. 80 I*) 540 16449 Sept. 28 16.3 75.80 *) 540 16313 Sept. 28 16.0 75.10 (*) 540 16-153 Sept. 28 15. 8 76.30 *) 540 16332 Sept. 28 16.1 75. 30 (*) 540 16457 Sept. 28 16.2 76.10 (*) 540 16357 Sept. 28 17.0 75.60 (*) 540 16468 Sept. 28 16.6 75.50 (*) 540 16358 Sept. 28 17.0 78.50 (*) 540 16493 Sept. 28 16.0 76. 20 (*} 540 16401 Sept. 28 16.4 75.20 \ ) (*) 540 16404 Sept. 28 15.9 75! 70 Mean 16.16 76.61 (*) 540 16405 Sept. 28 16.5 77.50 Mean of 8 seed heads 18.10 79.50 (*) 540 16408 Sept. 28 15.3 76. 10 Mean of 52 seed heads 17.50 78.04 (*) 540 16410 Sept. 28 16.8 75.70 Maximum 18. 30 89.00 (*) 540 16412 Sept. 28 16.6 75.80 COLMAN'S CANE. 130 8 5761 Sept. 14 16.1 78.10 129 75 12451 Sept, 22 17.3 79.60 130 8 5771 Sept. 14 16.7 76.30 129 75 12453 Sept. 22 17.2 75.40 130 8 5783 Sept. 14 16.0 78.80 129 75 12461 Sept. 22 17.7 77. 00 IdO 8 5794 Sept. 14 16.7 76.60 129 75 IIUIM Sept. 22 17.9 80.30 130 8 5796 Sept. 14 16.5 80.90 129 75 12465 Sent. 22 17.2 78.90 130 8 5806 Sept. 14 16.4 75. 60 129 75 12470 Sept. 22 17.1 78.90 130 8 5849 Sept. 14 16.0 77.60 129 75 12473 Sept. 22 17.9 78. 30 130 8 5852 Sept. 14 16.3 78.00 129 75 12474 Sept. 22 18.3 80.70 *) 558 8360 Sept. 17 15.4 78.60 129 75 12475 Sept. 22 19.4 81.10 (*) 558 8363 Sept. 17 16.6 77.1)0 129 75 12477 Sept. 22 17.3 77.10 *) 562 12274 Sept. 22 17.3 78.40 129 75 12479 Sept. 22 17.0 78.00 *) 562 12275 Sept. 22 17.7 79.80 129 75 12480 Sept, 22 17.1 77.80 *) 562 12279 Sept. 22 17.0 . 78.00 126 75 12481 Sept. 22 17.6 78.30 *) 562 12282 Sept. 22 17.8 77.80 129 75 12483 Sept. 22 18. 2 79. 10 *) 562 12295 Sept. 22 17.4 77.70 129 75 12488 Supt. 22 17.8 79.50 (*) 562 12299 Sept. 22 17.3 77.00 129 75 12489 Sept. 22 17.3 77.60 *) 562 12302 Sept. 22 17.5 78. 50 129 75 12490 Sept. 22 17.9 77.20 (*) 562 12303 Sept. 22 17.3 79.30 129 75 12491 Sept. 22 17.5 78.90 (*) 562 12305 Sept. 22 17.8 79.50 120 75 12492 Sept. 22 17.5 76.80 (*) 562 12306 Sept. 22 17.8 77.40 129 75 12495 Sept. 22 18.0 79.00 (*) 562 12307 Sept. 22 17.2 77.10 129 75 12498 Sept. 22 17.2 78.50 (*) 562 12311 Sept. 22 17.2 76.80 129 75 12499 Sept. 22 18.5 77.90 (*) 562 12312 Sept. 22 17.0 77.00 129 75 12505 Sept. 22 17.2 78. 20 (*) 562 12313 Sept. 22 18.0 78.30 129 75 12506 Sept. 22 17.5 78. 90 (*) 562 12319 Sept. 22 17.2 76.80 129 75 12508 Sept, 22 17.2 78.90 r) 562 12338 Sept. 22 17.6 78.30 129 75 12510 Sept. 22 17.6 80.00 (*) 562 12347 Sept. 22 18.3 87.10 129 75 12511 Sept. 22 17.8 80.50 (*) 562 12356 Sept. 22 17.4 77.40 204 76 16053 Sept. 28 . 16.8 77.80 (*) 562 12352 Sept. 22 17.3 77.60 204 76 16062 Sept. 28 15.7 77.00 (*) 562 12355 Sept, 22 17.4 76.30 204 76 16076 Sept. 28 16.7 77. 30 (*) 562 12370 Sept. 22 17.2 76.80 204 76 16087 Sept. 28 16.1 77. 10 204 76 12378 Sept. 22 16.8 76. 70 204 76 16089 Sept. 28 16.2 77.50 204 76 12384 Sept. 22 16.9 78. 30 204 76 16101 Sept. 28 17.2 76.50 204 76 12388 Sept. 22 17.5 81.40 204 * 76 16102 Sept. 28 16.9 78.30 204 76 12390 Sept. 22 16.7 78.10 204 76 16103 Sept. 28 16.5 77.20 204 76 12392 Sept. 22 17.4 79.10 265 77 16127 Sept. 28 17.1 77.10 204 76 12394 Sept. 22 17.3 77.60 265 77 16131 Sept. 28 17.1 78.50 204 76 12395 Sept. 22 18.4 78.60 265 77 16143 Sept. 29 16.9 77.20 204 76 12398 Sept, 22 17.2 78.90 265 77 16145 Sept. 28 17.1 78. 50 204 76 12403 Sept. 22 16.5 75.00 265 77 16159 Sept. 28 16.6 76. 50 204 76 12404 Sept. 22 16.7 77.30 265 77 16161 Sept. 28 16.5 77.20 204 76 12408 Sept. 22 17.2 78. 20 265 77 16164 Sept. 28 16.5 76.80 204 76 12412 Sept. 22 17.5 79.30 265 77 16165 Sept. 28 16.6 76.80 21)4 76 12418 Sept, 22 17.4 78.40 265 77 16172 Sept. 28 17.2 84.41) 204 76 12419 Sept. 22 18.3 81. 00 265 77 16186 Sept. 28 16.5 77.20 129 75 12424 Sept. 22 18.1 78.40 265 77 16188 Sept. 28 16.8 79. 20 129 75 12425 Sept. 22 18.0 77.30 265 77 16190 Sept. 28 17.4 80.20 129 75 12427 Sept. 22 17.7 78.80 265 77 16192 Sept. 28 16.6 76.50 129 75 12431 Sept. 22 16.8 77.10 265 77 16202 Sept. 28 16.9 78.30 129 75 12432 Sept. 22 17.0 77. 60 265 77 16204 Sept. 28 16.9 77.20 129 75 12434 Sept, 22 17.5 76.50 265 77 16211 Sept. 28 17.4 79.80 129 75 12436 Sept. 22 17.2 76.80 265 77 16215 Sept. 28 17.0 77. 60 129 75 12440 Sept. 22 18.2 79.10 265 77 16225 Sept, 28 17.3 80. 00 129 75 12442 Sept. 22 17.6 76. 90 265 77 16226 Sept. 28 17.0 79.50 129 75 12449 Sept. 22 17.3 78.70 129 75 16652 Sept, 29 18.1 76.40 Grown from average seed. 120 SEEP HEADS SELECTED TO BE PROPAGATED IN 1892. COLMAN'S CANE— Continued. Parent plat. Plat, Serial. No. Date. Sucrose. Purity. Pan-lit plat. Plat. Serial No. Date. Sucrose. Purity. Percent Percent. 129 75 16660 Sept. 29 17.9 77.90 204 76 21586 Oct. 6 16.7 77.30 129 75 16678 Sept. 29 17.0 76. 70 204 76 21597 Oct. 6 18.1 80.90 129 75 16670 Sept. 29 17.3 78.00 204 76 21602 Oct. 6 18.9 79.50 129 75 16675 Sept. 29 17.4 76.90 130 227 21954 Oct. 6 16.5 78.20 129 75 16676 Sept. 29 17.5 79.60 130 227 21964 Oct. 6 16.6 76.50 129 75 16677 Sept, 29 17.6 80.80 130 227 21981 Oct. 6 16.0 HO. 00 129 75 16678 Sept. 29 17.7 77.40 130 229 21998 Oct. 6 16.9 78.30 129 75 16679 Sept. 29 17.8 80.90 130 219 22085 Oct. 6 16.7 78.10 129 75 16682 Sept. 29 18.2 79. 10 130 219 22086 Oct. 6 16.7 78.10 129 75 16691 Sept. 29 17.7 78.10 130 219 22091 Oct. 6 16.8 78.60 129 75 16700 Sept. 29 17.0 76. 00 128 220 22154 Oct. 6 15.1 75.50 129 75 16706 Sept. 29 17.8 76.40 128 220 22167 Oct. 6 15.0 75.00 129 75 16720 Sept. 29 17.2 76. 10 128 220 22222 Oct. 6 15.4 77.00 129 75 16722 Sept. 29 17.4 76.00 128 220 22235 Oct. 6 15.2 80. 00 129 75 16726 Sept, 29 17.3 77.30 128 220 222-15 Oct. 6 15.4 76.20 129 75 16727 Sept. 29 ix. ^ 7!t. !K) 130 217 22286 Oct. 6 16.3 76. !>0 129 75 16728 Sept. 29 17.0 76.00 ISO 217 22290 Oct. 6 17.1 78.50 120 75 ] 67:50 Sept. 29 17.5 77. :;o 130 217 22291 Oct. 6 16.5 78.20 129 75 16739 Sept. '_".» 17.5 76.50 130 217 32292 Oct. 6 16.8 78.60 129 75 16748 Sept. 29 17.7 80. 50 i::o 217 22293 Oct. 6 16.3 76.20 129 75 16750 Sept. 29 18.1 79. 10 130 217 22298 Oct. 6 16.3 80. 70 129 75 16761 Sept. 29 17.3 76.60 130 217 22305 Oct. 6 16.7 76. 30 129 75 16768 Sept. -'.» 17.7 76. 60 130 -'17 22306 Oct. 6 16.7 76.00 129 75 16780 Sept. 29 17.4 77. 70 130 217 22308 Oct. 6 16.9 80.90 129 75 16785 Sept. 29 17.9 78.30 130 217 22309 Oct. 6 16.8 77.80 129 75 L6788 Sept. L'!> 17.1 76. Ill 130 217 22312 Oct. 6 16.8 80.40 129 75 L6796 Sept. 29 17.0 76. 30 130 217 22313 Oct. 6 16.5 77.50 129 75 16822 Sept. 29 17.!) 77. 20 130 217 22314 Oct. (! 16.6 7!>. 00 129 75 16825 Sept. L".l 17.5 77. 50 130 217 22315 Oct. 6 17.1 80. 30 129 75 16827 S.-],t. I".' 17.0 7«i. :;o i:iO 217 22316 Oct. 6 16.7 7»i. 30 129 75 16948 Sept. L".l 17.3 76. (Ill 130 217 22320 Oct. 6 16.9 81. 30 129 75 16944 S.-pl. 'J'.l 17.3 77.00 186 217 22321 Oct. 6 16.3 78.00 129 16051 Sept. 'J'.l i<;. 3 7>. t)0 130 217 22323 Oct. 6 16.9 77.60 129 75 16853 Sept. 'J'.t 17.0 78.40 ro 217 22338 Oct. 6 17.0 77. HO 129 75 16956 Sept. I'll 16.6 76. SO ISO 217 L'l«41 Oct. 6 16.3 80. 30 120 75 Itt»fi9 S,.pt. L".l 16.6 7'.'. to 30 217 22350 Oct. 6 16.4 78. 50 L29 75 L6960 Sept. •_'!) 16.5 HO. '.10 :;o 217 22361 Oct. 6 16.7 76. 30 129 75 [6967 Sept. '_>!• 16.9 7s. :iO 30 217 22355 Oct. 6 16.6 77. 90 129 75 16082 Sept. 29 17.4 78.00 BO 217 22356 Oct. 6 17.7 82. 80 129 75 16988 Sept. '_».» 16.9 77. 20 130 217 22360 Oct. 6 16.4 76.30 129 76 17001 Sept. '_'!» 17.0 76.80 30 217 22362 Oct. 6 16.1 81.70 129 17003 Sept. '_'!» 17.4 76. «:« 30 217 22368 Oct. 6 16.3 76.90 129 75 17(10.-, Sept. 29 17.6 78.90 130 217 22369 Oct. 6 16.8 76.40 204 76 170M Sept. I'll 16.6 77.60 130 217 22370 Oct. 6 16.7 77.70 204 76 170M Sept. 29 17.0 80.00 130 217 22372 ()(•(. 6 16.6 77.20 204 76 17046 S^.t. L".l 16.6 77. CO 130 217 22373 ( )ct. B 16.4 77. 30 204 76 17048 Sept, 29 17.7 76.70 130 217 22375 Oct. 6 16.5 84. 20 2i>4 76 17049 Sept. 29 17.5 77. 50 130 217 22378 Oct. 6 16.4 77.00 204 76 17050 Sept, 29 16.7 77.00 130 217 2238 1 Oct. 6 16.6 77.60 (*) 662 17(518 Sept. 30 16.8 77. 1W 130 217 22383 Oct. 6 17.2 78.20 (*) 562 17625 Sept. 30 17.5 77.40 136 217 22384 Oct. 6 16.8 77.50 (*) 562 17632 Sept. 30 17.3 7!). 00 139 217 22386 Oct. 6 16.2 79. 00 (*) 562 17635 Sept. 30 16.9 • 76. 90 130 217 22388 Oct. 6 16.5 78.60 (*) 562 170.;',8 Sept. 30 17.4 78.80 130 217 22:6 562 17757 Sept. 30 17.3 78.70 (*) 562 24749 Oct. 9 15.6 75. 30 (*) 562 17758 Sept. 30 16.8 76.70 (*) 562 24754 Oct. 9 15.7 75.80 265 77 21498 Oct. 6 16.5 77. 20 (*) 562 24759 Oct. 9 15. 5 75.60 265 77 21509 Oct. 6 16.7 78.40 (*) 562 24765 Oct. 9 16.5 78.20 204 76 21520 Oct. 6 17.5 76.50 (*) 562 24769 Oct. 9 15.8 75.60 204 76 21527 Oct. 6 16.5 79.70 (*) 562 24777 Oct. 9 15.8 77.40 * Grown from average seed. 121 SEED HEADS SELECTED TO BE PROPAGATED IN 1892. COLMAN'S CANE— Continued. Parent plat. Plat. Serial No. Date. Sucrose. Purity. Parent plat. Plat. Serial No. Date. Sucrose. Purity. (*) (*) (*) (*) (*) (*) 562 562 562 562 562 562 24778 24813 24829 24833 25536 25542 Oct. 9 Oct. 9 Oct. 9 Oct. 9 Oct. 9 Oct. 9 Percent. 15.7 16.1 15.7 15.8 15.6 15.5 75.80 76.70 81.80 77. 80 84.30 83.30 (*) (*) M M M 562 562 ean of eau of aximu 25625 25627 210 seed 18 seed Oct. 10 Oct. 10 heads . . . deads Percent. 16.0 16.0 80.00 83.30 16.96 18. 29 19.40 78.16 79. 97 81.30 PLANTER'S FRIEND. 106 49 7921 Sept. 1G 16.1 75. 30 273 78 11596 Sept. 21 18.0 77.30 lOfl 49 7980 Sept. 16 15.5 75. 60 273 78 11597 Sept. 21 18.2 81.60 106 49 7999 Sept. 16 16.0 75.50 273 78 11600 Sept. 21 18.0 78.70 OfTO Z i •> 78 10747 Sept. 19 16.8 75. 30 273 78 11602 Sept. 21 18.4 77.00 273 78 10748 Sept. 19 16.5 75.70 273 78 11606 Sept. 21 18.2 78.20 273 78 10749 Sept. 19 17.8 76.70 273 78 11607 Sept. 21 19.0 79.50 273 78 10758 Sept. 19 17.2 75.40 273 78 11608 Sept. 21 19.4 79.20 273 78 10759 Sept. 19 17.3 75.60 273 78 11610 Sept, 21 17.7 77.00 273 78 10760 Sept. 19 17.4 78. 00 273 78 11615 Sept. 21 18.1 77.80 273 78 10768 Sept. 19 16.7 75.60 273 78 11616 Sept. 21 18.0 77.30 273 78 10781 Sept. 19 17.8 76.40 (*) 546 13167 Sept. 23 17.3 82.40 273 78 10784 Sept. 19 18.7 77.00 (*) 546 13169 Sept. 23 18.8 87.00 273 78 10788 Sept. 19 17.2 75.10 (*) 546 13230 Sept. 23 17.8 79.20 273 78 10789 Sept. 19 17.3 75.60 (*) 546 13252 Sept. 23 17.8 77.80 273 78 10806 Sept. 19 17.7 76.30 (*) 546 13254 Sept. 23 19.2 78.70 273 78 10807 Sept. 19 16.8 76.40 (*) 546 13278 Sept, 23 18.7 78.20 273 78 10810 Sept. 19 17.5 75.50 (*) 546 13279 Sept. 23 18.2 77.20 1'73 78 10823 Sept. 19 17.3 75.90 (") 546 13283 Sept. 23 18.5 78.40 273 78 10833 Sept. 19 17.9 75.00 (*) 546 13299 Sept. 23 18.5 80.10 273 78 10834 Sept. 19 18.2 78.20 (*) 546 13307 Sept. 23 18.5 78.40 273 78 10853 Sept. 19 18.5 76. 60 (*) 546 13327 Sept, 23 18.8 79.70 273 78 10858 Sept. 19 17.9 75. 20 (*) 546 13397 Sept. 24 19.1 88. 00 273 78 11533 Sept. 21 17.6 75.90 (*) 546 13404 Sept. 24 16.8 78.20 273 78 11536 Sept. 21 17.0 76.30 106 49 15638 Sept. 26 17.4 78.80 273 78 11537 Sept. 21 17.8 76.70 273 78 15762 Sept. 28 16.0 82.90 273 78 11540 Sept. 21 17.8 77.80 273 78 15808 Sept. 28 17.4 79.10 273 78 11542 Sept. 21 18.0 75.90 273 78 16551 Sept. 28 18.0 78.80 273 78 11544 Sept. 21 18.5 77.80 273 78 16579 Sept. 28 17.6 77.20 273 78 11545 Sept. 21 17.7 77.00 273 78 16621 Sept. 28 17.8 77.80 273 78 11547 Sept, 21 18.2 78.50 273 78 16643 Sept. 28 18.5 77.40 273 78 11550 Sept. 21 17.9 78.60 106 49 17157 Sept. 29 17.7 78.40 273 78 11551 Sept. 21 18.3 77.00 106 49 17159 Sept. 29 17.0 79. 50 273 78 11562 Sept. 21 18.3 77.90 106 49 17162 Sept. 29 17.7 78.10 273 78 11566 Sept. 21 17.6 77.60 106 49 17180 Sept. 29 17.7 77.40 273 78 11580 Sept. 21 18.9 79.40 106 49 17245 Sept. 29 17.0 86.70 273 78 11581 Sept. 21 18.5 78.40 106 49 17246 Sept. 29 17.9 81.30 273 78 11583 Sept. 21 18. 2 77 50 273 78 11584 Sept! 21 18. 0 77^60 ^Teau 17.80 77.99 273 78 11592 Sept. 21 17.3 77! 30 Mean of 4 heads 19.10 81.35 273 78 11594 Sept. 21 18.3 77.90 Mean of 34 heads 18.44 78.69 273 78 11595 Sept. 21 18.2 77. 20 Maximu U 19.40 88.00 BLACK AFRICAN. 104 54 5634 Sept. 14 15.5 77.50 (*) 557 6759 Sept. 15 16.1 75.60 (*) 557 6210 Sept. 14 15.3 76.90 (*) 557 6923 Sept. 15 16.1 77.10 (*) 557 6214 Sept. 14 15.3 78.10 (*) 557 6926 Sept. 15 15.7 75.80 (*) 557 6215 Sept. 14 15.2 77.20 (*) 557 6930 Sept. 15 15.8 75.60 (*) 557 C231 Sept. 14 15.3 78. 90 (*) 557 6933 Sept. 15 16.8 77.50 (*) 557 6234 Sept. 14 15.2 82. 20 (*) 557 6946 Sept. 15 16.2 75.30 (*) 557 6236 Sept. 14 15.0 76.10 (*) 557 6947 Sept. 15 15.7 75.10 (*) 557 6243 Sept, 14 15.0 75. 80 (*) 557 6962 Sept. 15 15.5 75.20 (*) 557 6711 Sept. 15 15.4 75. 10 (*) 557 6974 Sept. 15 16.1 75.60 (*) 557 6712 Sept. 15 15.0 75.00 (*) 557 6985 Sept. 15 16.1 76.00 (*) 557 6713 Sept. 15 16.0 75. 50 <*) 557 6986 Sept. 15 16.6 77.90 (*) 557 67] 8 Sept, 15 15.8 78.60 (*) 557 6988 Sept 15 16.2 77.50 (*) 557 6722 Sept. 15 15.5 75. 60 (*) 557 6989 Sept. 15 15.7 75.10 (*) 557 6724 Sept. 15 15.9 75. 70 (*) 557 6994 Sept. 15 16.8 77. 50 (*) 657 6727 Sept. 15 15.7 76. 20 (*) 557 6995 Sept. 15 16.2 76.40 (*) 557 6736 Sept. 15 15.9 76.80 (*) 557 6999 Sept. 15 15.5 77.50 o 557 6745 Sept. 15 15.9 76. 50 (*) 557 7012 Sept. 15 15.7 80.90 (*) 557 6750 Sept. 15 15.6 75.00 (*) 557 7014 Sept. 15 15.7 80.10 (*) 557 6751 Sept. 15 15.7 77.30 (*) 557 7017 Sept. 15 16.1 80.90 * Grown from average seed. 122 SEED HEADS SELECTED TO BE PROPAGATED IN 1892. BLACK AFRICAN— Continued. Pure lit plat. Plat. Serial No. Date. Sucrose. rarity. Parent plat, Plat, Serial No. Date. Sucrose. 1 Purity. Percent. Percent. (*) 557 7024 Sept. 15 15.6 75.70 (*) 557 12125 Sept. 22 16.6 75.80 (*) 557 7035 Sept. 15 15.6 75.70 (*) 557 12129 Sept. 22 18.6 76. 60 (*) 557 7036 Sept. 15 15.8 77.10 (*) 557 2130 Sept. 22 16.8 75. 00 (*) 557 7039 Sept. 15 15.5 76.30 (*) 557 2135 Sept. 22 17.5 77.30 (*) 557 7041 Sept. 15 15.9 77. 90 (*) 557 2137 Sept. 22 16.9 75.10 (*) 557 7043 Sept. 15 15.8 79. 40 (*) 557 2145 Sept. 22 16.0 75. 10 (*) 557 7050 Sept. 15 15.5 77.10 (*) 557 2160 Sept. 22 17.2 76.80 (*) 557 7051 Sept. 15 15.5 76. 70 (*) 557 12161 Sept. 22 16.2 77.80 (*) 557 7053 Sept. 15 15.6 76.80 (*) 557 12164 Sept. 22 17.1 76. 10 (*) 557 7055 Sept. 15 15.7 77.00 (*) 557 12165 Sept. 22 18.0 78.00 (*) 557 7056 Sept. 15 15. 6 75.00 (*) 557 12166 Sept. 22 18.1 75. 70 (*) 557 7062 Sept. 15 16.0 75. 50 (*) 557 12168 Sept. 22 17.8 78.10 (*) 557 706-i Sept. 15 15.7 75. 50 (*) 557 12174 Sept. 22 17.8 76.00 (*) 557 7065 Sept. 15 16.1 76.70 (*) 557 12176 Sept. 22 16.6 76. 10 (*) 557 7067 Sept. 15 15.8 76.70 (*) 557 12185 Sept. 22 16.5 75. 70 (*) 557 7074 Sept. 15 15.6 7.r>. 00 (*) 584 12222 Sept. 22 16.6 75. 50 (*) 557 7080 Sept. 15 15.5 77.10 (*) 564 12229 Sept. 22 17.7 75. 30 (*) 557 7083 Sept. 15 15.9 75. 70 (*) 564 12230 Sept. 22 17.0 76. 30 (*) 557 7084 Sept. 15 15.6 76.80 (*) 564 12232 Sept. 22 16.4 75.20 (*) 557 7085 Sept. 15 15.8 77.40 (*) 564 12283 Sept. 22 16.8 75. 70 (*) 557 7184 Sept. 16 15.5 78.30 (*) 564 12234 Sept. 22 16.9 76.20 (*) 557 7188 Sept. 16 15.1 75.90 (*) 564 12236 Sept. 22 16.8 76.00 (*) 557 7189 Sept. 16 15.7 77.00 (*) .V.I L2239 Sept. 22 17.3 77.60 (*) 557 7192 Sept. 16 15.9 77. (in (*) 564 L2240 Se.pt. 22 16.3 75. 20 (*) 557 7196 Sept. 16 15.5 7f). 20 (*) 564 12242 Sept. 22 16.5 76. 80 (*) 557 7197 Sept. 16 15.0 77.30 l*J 564 1 •-"_' 1 1 Sept. 22 16.4 76.70 (*) 557 7203 Sept. 16 15.2 77. 9(1 (*) |84 L2245 Sept. 22 17.1 76. 70 (*) 557 7208 Sept. 16 15.3 77. 30 (*) 564 L2246 Sept, 22 16.8 76. 70 -. (*) 557 7211 Sept. 16 15.3 7"). (10 (*) 564 12247 Sept. 22 17.4 75.60 *) 557 7218 Sept. 16 15.5 T'.t. Id (*) 584 12248 Sept. 22 17.3 77. 00 { *) 557 7225 Sept. 16 15.4 7fi. fin (*) 564 12260 Sept. 22 16.5 76. 80 *) 557 7226 Sept. 16 !.->.<) 7U. SKI (*) r.iil 12261 Sept. 22 17.0 77.00 *) 557 7250 Sept. 16 15.8 77.40 ( •'•') 504 12252 Sepl. 22 16.9 77. 60 *) 557 7251 Sept. 16 15.0 78.00 i ) 564 12261 Sept. 22 17.6 7!). 30 *) 557 7261 Sept. Hi 15. 6 77. '_>() (*) 564 12202 Sept. 22 16. 5 76. 80 *) 557 7264 Sept. Ki 15.7 7<1. 'i-.i (*) 564 12266 Sepl. 22 17.3 78.00 *) 557 7268 Sept. Hi 15.0 77.90 (*) 584 12J6H Sept. 22 17.1 77.10 *) 557 7276 Sept, Hi 15.2 76.40 (*) 584 12269 Sept. 22 17.3 77.60 *) 557 7278 Sept. 16 15.3 76.10 (*) 564 12271 Sept. 22 17.2 77. 50 *) 557 7280 Sept. 16 15.1 75.50 (*) 564 12541 Sept. 22 17.2 82. 30 *) 557 7283 Sept. 16 15.4 77. -Id (*) 584 125411 Sent. 22 17.3 77.30 *) 557 7284 Sept. 16 15.2 76.40 (*) 584 12549 Sept. I'!! 17.4 77.40 *) 557 10881 Sept. 19 16.5 78.60 (*) 584 1 255 1 Sept, 23 17.8 76. 70 *) 557 111! MM Sept. 19 16.1 77.80 (*) 564 12558 Sept. 23 17.2 77.10 (*) 557 10911 Sept. 19 16.3 78.90 (*) 564 12560 Sept. 23 18.1 77.80 (*) 557 10926 Sept. 19 16.3 75.50 (*) 584 12663 Sept. 23 17. 3 76. 00 (*) 557 10929 Sept. 19 16.2 76.40 (*) 564 12577 Sept. 23 17.0 77.20 I*) 557 10031 Sept. 19 16.8 77.10 (*) 684 12582 Sept. 23 17.6 77. 20 <*) 557 10937 Sept. 19 16.4 7K. .')() (*) 561 12583 Sept. 23 17.5 76.10 (*) 557 10938 Sept. 19 16.4 75. 90 H 584 125S5 Sept. 2:: 17.3 77. 00 (*) 557 10941 Sept. 19 16.2 77. 50 (*) 564 12589 Sept. 23 17.1 76.70 (*) 557 10!»41i Sept. 19 16.5 70. 30 (*) 564 12592 Sept. 23 17.1 76. 00 (*) 557 11979 Sept. 22 16-3 75. so (*) 564 L2694 Sept. 23 17.2 76.10 (*) 557 12006 Sept. 22 16.6 77. 20 (*) 684 12606 Sept. 23 17.3 77.30 (*) 557 12007 Sept. 22 16.3 75. 20 (*) 564 12689 Sept. 23 17.3 85.20 (*) 557 12018 Sept. 22 17.1 77.10 (*) 564 12693 Sept. 23 17.2 76.50 (*) 557 12020 Sept. 22 16.1 75. (id (*) 584 12694 Sept. 2:: 17.2 78.50 <*) 557 12021 Sept. 22 16.1 78.30 (*) 564 12099 Sept. 23 17.2 78.20 (*) 587 12026 Sept. 32 16.0 77. 30 (*) 564 12702 Sept, 23 17.3 78.70 (*) 557 12035 Sept. 22 17.0 75.20 (*) 564 15356 Sept. 26 16.6 83.00 *) 557 12039 Sept. 22 17.0 75.40 (*) 564 15398 Sept. 26 16. 3 78.00 *) 567 12053 Sept. 22 16.2 75.00 n 564 15410 Sept. 26 16.8 77.10 •') 557 12081 Sept. 22 17.4 75.00 (*) 564 15415 Sept. 26 16.5 76. 80 *) 557 12084 Sept. 22 16.7 75.30 (*> 564 15440 Sept. 26 16.8 82.80 *) 557 12092 Sept. 22 17.0 75.60 (*> 564 15451 Sept. 26 16.1 77.40 (*) 557 12095 Sept. 22 16.9 75.20 H 564 15464 Sept. 26 16.0 78.80 <*) 557 12098 Sept. 22 17.0 76.70 (*> 564 15467 Sept. 26 16.2 76.10 (*) 557 12100 Sept. 22 17.7 75.30 _ (*) 557 12107 Sept. 22 17.0 75.00 Mean 16. 35 76. 83 (*) 557 12110 Sept. 22 16.5 75.00 Mean of 179 seed hearts ... 16.35 76.83 <*) 557 12113 Sept. 22 17.1 77.10 Mean of 5 seed hearts 18. 25 77. 22 (*) 557 12116 Sept. 22 18.4 78. 00 Mean of 50 seed leads 17.38 77. 11 (*) 557 12117 Sept. 22 16.8 76.00 Maximum 18.60 76. 60 <*) 557 12121 Sept. 22 16.7 76.00 . * Grown from average seed. 123 SEED HEADS SELECTED TO BE PROPAGATED IN 1892. COLLIER'S. Parent plat. Plat. Serial No. Date. Sucrose Purity. Parent plat. Plat. Serial No. Date. Sucrose. Purity. Percent Per cent. 117 17 6780 Sept. 15 16.6 77.20 <*) 544 11406 Sept. 21 18.7 77.90 117 17 6798 Sept. 15 16.6 74.90 (*) 544 11409 Sept. 21 18.1 82.60 117 17 6843 Sept. 15 17.1 76.10 (*) 544 11411 Sept. 21 18.3 76.30 114 18 7105 Sept. 16 17.7 76.60 (*) 544 11413 Sept. 21 18.1 76.70 114 18 7111 Sept. 16 17.4 78.00 (*) 544 11414 Sept. 21 18.7 77.00 114 18 7162 Sept. 16 17.0 74.90 (*) 544 11427 Sept. 21 18.4 76.40 114 18 7168 Sept. 16 15.7 79.40 <*) 544 11441 Sept. 21 18.4 76.70 117 84 7638 Sept. 16 15.3 81.40 (*) 544 11456 Sept. 21 18.6 80. 10 117 84 7641 Sept. 16 15.8 81.00 (*) 544 11457 Sept. 21 18.5 78. 40 117 84 7743 Sept. 36 17.2 76.10 <*) 544 11463 Sept. 21 17.2 7 563 11760 Sept. 21 18.7 76.00 *) 544 11209 Sept. 21 17.2 76.10 (*> 563 11761 Sept. 21 18.4 76.10 *) 544 11215 Sept. 21 17.7 76.00 (*) 563 11763 Sept. 21 19.0 77.60 *) 544 11216 Sept. 21 17.0 76.30 (*> 563 11764 Sept. 21 18.0 77.00 *) 544 11219 Sept. 21 17.6 76. 20 (*> 563 11767 Sept. 21 18.8 76. 10 *) 544 11281 Sept. 21 18.2 78.50 H 563 11771 Sept. 22 19.2 77.40 *) 544 11282 Sept. 21 18.0 76.60 (*) 563 11773 Sept. 22 19.1 77.60 *) 544 11283 Sept. 21 18.0 77.60 o 563 11776 Sept. 22 19.4 78.20 *) 544 11284 Sept. 21 16.8 76.00 (*) 563 11780 Sept. 22 18.9 76.80 *) 544 11288 Sept. 21 18.1 76.70 (*) 563 11782 Sept. 22 1!>. 1 76.10 *) 541 11298 Sept. 21 18.8 76.40 (*> 563 11908 Sept. 22 17.5 76.10 *) 544 11313 Sept. 21 17.7 76. 30 n 563 11912 Sept. 22 17.9 77.20 *) 544 11316 Sept. 21 18.2 78.20 (*) 563 11926 Sept. 22 17.7 78. 10 *) 544 11323 Sept. 21 17.2 76.10 H 563 11928 Sept. 22 18.1 76.70 *) 544 11325 Sept. 21 18.1 76. 10 (*) 563 11933 Sept. 22 19. 1 78.30 *) 544 11340 Sept. 21 18.5 76.20 ri 563 11934 Sept. 22 18.6 74.10 *) 544 . 11345 Sept. 21 17.8 76.00 (*) 563 11941 Sept. 22 18.1 76. 7D *) 544 11346 Sept. 21 17.9 76.20 h 563 11950 Sept. 22 18.6 77.80 *) 644 11348 Sept. 21 18.2 76.50 H 563 11952 Sept. 22 19.2 78.40 (*) 544 11351 Sept. 21 18.3 78.20 o 563 11953 Sept. 22 17.2 76. 10 (*) 544 11352 Sept. 21 17.6 77.20 (*) 563 11965 Sept. 22 18.1 76.10 *) 544 11353 Sept. 21 18.7 76.90 n 544 12723 Sept. 23 17.8 77.80 (*) 544 11356 Sept. 21 17.8 76.00 (*) 544 12726 Sept. 23 17.3 76.60 (*) 544 1 1359 Sept. 21 17.0 70.70 (*) 544 12729 Sept. 23 17.2 77. 10 (*) 544 11360 Sept. 21 18.0 77.80 o 544 12731 Sept. 23 17.4 76.90 *) 514 11362 Sept. 21 18.6 77.9Q n 544 12752 Sept. 23 17.1 76.70 (*) 544 11367 Sept. 21 18.5 77.20 (*) 544 12775 Sept. 23 18.0 77.30 (*) 544 11372 Sept. 21 17.4 76.90 (*) 544 12785 Sept. 23 17.8 76.70 (*) 544 11373 Sept. 21 18.5 80.40 H 544 12789 Sept. 23 17.5 76.80 (*) 544 11375 Sept. 21 18.2 77.50 (*) 544 12791 Sept. 23 17.9 76.20 (*) 544 11380 Sept. 21 18.5 76.80 (*> 544 12794 Sept. 23 18.4 77.40 (*) 544 11381 Sept. 21 17.5 76.10 (*) 544 12795 Sept. 23 17.6 77.20 (*) 544 11383 Sept. 21 18.2 76.10 <*) 544 12799 Sept. 23 17.6 77.60 (') 544 11385 Sept. 21 17.7 76.00 (•••) 544 12805 Sept. 23 17.3 76.60 (*) 544 11396 Sept. 21 18.5 77.40 H 544 12813 Sept. 23 17.4 76.90 (*) 544 11398 Sept. 21 18.8 78.30 (*) 544 12819 Sept. 23 18.6 76.60 <*) 544 11399 Sept. 21 18.7 80.20 (*> 544 12830 Sept. 23 18.1 76.40 * Grown from average seed. 124 SEED HEADS SELECTED TO BE PROPAGATED IN 1892. COLLIER'S— Continued. Parent plat. Plat, Serial No. Date. Sucrose. Purity. Parent plat, Plat. Serial No. Date. Sucrose. Purity. Percent. Percent. (*) 544 12845 Sept. 23 18.4 80.00 (*) 563 15333 Sept. 26 18.2 76.50 (*) 544 12850 Sept. 23 17.9 76.50 (*) 594 15926 Sept. 28 16.2 75.00 (*) 544 12877 Sept. 23 18.0 76. CO (*) 594 15934 Sept, 28 16.2 75.70 (*) 544 12878 Sept. 23 18.8 78.30 117 84 17567 Sept. 29 18.0 79. 00 (*) 544 12884 Sept. 23 17.6 77.90 117 84 17572 Sept, 29 17.8 77.80 (*) 544 12885 Sept. 23 17.6 77.90 117 84 17574 Sept. 29 17.5 70.50 (*) 544 12887 Sept. 23 18.7 77.00 117 84 17576 Sept. 29 17.9 76.50 (*) 544 12888 Sept. 23 18.8 80. 60 117 84 17578 Sept. 29 17.6 76.90 (') 544 12894 Sept. 23 17.2 76.10 117 84 17587 Sept. 29 18.4 78.00 (*) 544 12896 Sept. 23 18.0 70.60 117 84 17589 Sept. 29 17.7 76. 60 (*) 544 12897 Sept. 23 16.2 76.40 117 84 17591 Sept, 29 18.2 77.50 (*) 544 12899 Sept. 23 18.0 77.30 117 84 17593 Sept. 29 17.6 76.90 (*) 544 12900 Sept. 23 18.1 76.70 114 112 21617 Oct. 6 16.5 77.20 (*) 544 12903 Sept. 23 17.7 76.60 114 112 21621 Oct. 6 16.5 77.80 H 544 12912 Sept. 23 17.7 76.60 114 112 21623 Oct. 6 16.1 77.10 (*) 544 12915 Sept. 23 17.8 70. 70 117 113 21709 Oct. 6 17.0 78.70 (*) 544 13010 Sept. 23 17.5 78.40 117 113 21710 Oct. 6 16.5 78.20 <*) 544 13029 Sept. 23 18.0 77. 30 117 113 21711 Oct. 6 16.0 76.20 (*) 544 13030 Sept. 23 17.8 76.00 117 113 21712 Oct. 6 16.0 77.30 (*> 544 13035 Sept. 23 18.1 77.40 117 113 21719 Oct. 6 16.3 76.20 (*) 544 13046 Sept. 23 19.1 76.70 117 118 21742 Oct. 6 17.0 78.00 (*) 544 13070 Sept. 23 18.3 76.30 117 ua 21749 Oct. 6 17.0 76.30 (*) 544 13076 Sept. 23 18.5 77.10 117 113 21750 Oct. 6 16.6 76.50 (*) 563 14069 Sept, 24 17.1 76.70 274 108 21830 Oct. 6 16.5 77.80 (*) 563 14070 Sept. 24 18.2 77.50 274 108 21880 Oct. 6 10. 5 76. 80 (*) 563 14078 Sept. 24 18.0 7H. 30 116 101 21873 Oct. 6 16.4 77. 00 (*) 563 14368 Sept. 25 16.3 77.50 116 101 21875 Oct. 6 16.7 76.00 <*) 563 14934 Sept. 25 17. '.I 76.10 116 101 21886 Oct. 6 17.1 76.40 o 563 14939 Sept. 25 18.8 79. 30 116 101 21900 Oct. 6 16.2 76.40 <*) 563 14944 Sept. 25 17.5 76.10 116 101 21812 Oct. 6 16.2 77.10 (*) 563 14980 Sept. 25 17.6 76.50 116 101 21926 Oct. 6 17.1 77.10 (*> 563 14982 Sept. 25 17.9 76.50 114 100 22541 Oct. 7 16.7 76.00 (*) 563 14983 Sept. 2f> 17.6 76. 20 114 100 22543 Oct. 7 16.8 76.40 <*) 563 14984 Sept. 25 18.7 77.90 114 100 22548 Oct. 7 16.8 76. 40 <*) 563 14985 Sept, 25 18.0 75. 00 114 100 22558 Oct. 7 16.0 70. 60 <*) 563 15017 Sept. 25 17.8 7!». f)0 114 100 22573 Oct. 7 16.3 77.30 (*) 563 15038 Sept. 26 18.9 76.80 114 100 22574 Oct. 7 17.0 76. 00 (*) 563 15047 Sept. 26 18.1 76. 10 114 100 22591 Oct. 7 17.1 76.40 (*) 563 15222 Sept. 26 17.5 78.20 114 104 22600 Oct. 7 17.8 87.70 <*) 563 15233 Sept, 26 18.1 76.60 114 104 22606 Oct. 7 17.0 76.70 (*) 563 15236 Sept. 26 18.6 77.80 114 104 22641 Oct. 7 17.6 7S>. 70 <*) 563 15245 Sept. 26 18.3 76.30 114 104 22686 Oct. 7 17.5 77.30 (*) 563 15248 Sept. 26 18.9 77.20 274 449 23342 Oct. 7 16.7 81.50 (*) 563 15257 Sept. 26 17.6 78.30 274 449 23382 Oct. 7 16.8 75.00 (*) 563 15261 Sept. 26 18.4 80. 70 274 440 23419 Oct. 7 l(i.5 77.80 (*) 563 15268 Sept. 26 18.0 78.30 274 449 23431 Oct. 7 16.8 76.40 (*> 563 15277 Sept. 26 18.2 76. 50 274 449 23443 Oct. 7 16.0 76.20 H 563 15279 Sept. 26 17.7 77.40 274 449 23448 Oct. 7 17.5 77.90 • (*> 563 15296 Sept. 26 18.0 75. 60 274 449 i 23468 Oct. 7 16.8 78.60 (*) 563 15301 Sept. 26 18.1 77.10 274 449 23470 Oct. 7 16.1 77.10 (*\ 563 1 5303 Sept. 26 18. 5 76. 60 ) (*) 563 15309 Sept. 26 17.' 8 76! 70 Mean of 261 seed heads 17.69 77.21 (*> 563 15319 Sept. 26 18.3 78. 20 Mean of 11 seed heads 19. 10 77.64 o 563 15321 Sept. 26 17.8 77.00 Mean of 48 seed heads 18.78 77.61 (*) 563 15323 Sept. 26 17.8 76.00 Maxiinu in 19.40 78.20 * Grown from average seed. LINK'S HYBRID AND AMBER. 59 447 23282 Oct. 7 15.9 77.60 8x 471 23519 Oct. 8 16.8 76.70 59 447 23286 Oct. 7 15.8 75. 20 Sx 471 23553 Oct. 8 16.3 75. 20 59 447 23288 Oct. 7 16.2 76. 10 8x 471 23573 Oct. 8 16.5 76.10 59 447 23296 Oct. 7 16.4 76. 30 8x 471 23574 Oct. 8 16.5 76.10 59 447 23297 Oct. 7 16.5 77. 5J 8x 471 23576 Oct. 8 16.8 76.00 59 447 23300 Oct. 7 15.9 75. 00 8x 471 23580 Oct. 8 16.8 76.00 59 447 23306 Oct. 7 15.6 76.10 8x 471 23582 Oct. 8 17.0 76.70 59 447 23307 Oct. 7 15.9 75. 40 Sx 471 23589 Oct. 8 16.8 79.20 59 447 23312 Oct. 7 16.7 82.70 8x 471 23590 Oct. 8 16.6 75. 50 59 447 23315 Oct. 7 17.1 76. 10 8x 471 23598 Oct. 8 16.2 75.70 59 447 23316 Oct. 7 15.6 77.60 8x 471 23610 Oct. 8 16.8 75.30 165* 481 23511 Oct. 8 15.0 75.00 8x 471 23613 Oct. 8 16.2 77.50 165 x 481 23514 Oct. 8 15.3 76.10 8x 471 23616 Oct. 8 16.8 78. 20 8x 471 23522 Oct. 8 16.5 75. 00 80; 471 23623 Oct. 8 16.2 75. 00 8x 471 23534 Oct. 8 16.0 75.10 8x 471 23627 Oct. 8 16.3 75.50 8x 471 23538 Oct. 8 16.6 75.80 8x 471 23628 Oct. 8 16.6 75.80 8x 471 23546 Oct. 8 16.7 79.20 8x 471 23631 Oct. 8 16.9 75.20 125 SEED HEADS SELECTED TO BE PROPAGATED IN 1892. LINK'S HYBRID AND AMBER— Continued. Parent plat . Plat, Serial No. Date. Sucrose. Purity. Parent plat. Plat. Serial No. Date. Sucrose. Purity. Per cent. Per cent. 8x 471 23653 Oct. 8 16.6 76.80 269 496 23795 Oct. 8 14.8 75.10 8x 471 23658 Oct. 8 16.7 75. 60 269 496 23826 Oct. 8 16.3 75.20 8x 471 23672 Oct. 8 16.8 75.30 23 x 509 23965 Oct. 8 16.1 76.00 Sx 471 23678 Oct. 8 15.6 75.00 23 x 509 24059 Oct. 8 17.0 74.90 8x 471 23680 Oct. 8 16.1 75.30 23 x 509 24077 Oct. 8 16.0 75.10 Sx 471 23696 Oct. 8 16.3 76.60 110 a; 511 24106 Oct. 8 15.4 75.80 8x 471 23699 Oct. 8 16.1 76.00 8x 406 25105 Oct. 9 15.5 79.50 8x 471 23700 Oct. 8 16.6 75.10 14* 407 25214 Oct. 9 15 5 78.70 8x 471 23702 Oct. 8 16.7 75.30 341* 416 25313 Oct. 9 ]5.6 75. 00 8x 471 23716 Oct. 8 17.1 75.40 269 496 23790 Oct. 8 14.7 77.30 Mean 16. 22 76.28 269 496 23793 Oct. 8 14.7 77.80 LINK'S HYBRID AND AMBER CROSS. 59 29 15052 Sept, 26 17.1 76.40 50 79 8163 Sept, 17 16.2 75.70 59 29 15056 Sept, 26 17.4 7S. 00 50 79 8174 Sept. 17 15.4 75.50 59 29 15057 Sept. 26 17.6 76.50 50 79 9467 Sept. 18 15.9 77.20 59 29 15063 Sept. 26 17.8 76. 40 50 79 9470 Sept, 18 15.9 75. 00 59 29 15064 Sept, 26 17.9 76.50 50 79 11503 Sept. 21 16.6 77.90 59 29 15056 Sept, 26 18.3 78.20 50 79 11504 Sept. 21 15.1 76.30 59 29 15071 Sept. 26 18.0 77.60 50 79 11505 Sept, 21 15.5 75.20 59 29 15088 Sept. 26 J7.4 77.00 50 79 1 1507 Sept, 21 15.7 75.70 59 29 15111 Sept, 26 17.8 78.10 50 79 11515 Sept. 21 16.5 75.10 59 591 18086 Sept. 30 16.3 75. 50 50 79 11522 Sept. 21 16.8 77.10 59 591 18113 Sept, 30 16.4 75.90 50 79 11524 Sept. 21 16.8 75.70 59 591 18140 Sept, 30 16.0 76.20 50 79 11526 Sept, 21 16.5 76.80 59 591 18144 Sept, 30 17.4 75.60 50 79 11527 Sept. 21 15.8 75.60 59 560 23052 Oct. 7 16.4 76.70 50 79 11528 Sept, 21 16.6 76.10 59 560 23053 Oct 7 Ifi 5 78 20 59 591 25403 Oct. 9 15.2 75.20 Mean of 14 analyses 16.09 76.07 16.80 77. 90 Mean of 16 JiTialvspis - 17.09 76.75 Maximu m 18.30 78.20 INDEX A. Page. Alcohol, avoidance of loss of, in filter presses 20 column, description of 15 cost of, from waste products 12 loss of, in filter presses 19, 20 massecuites from sirups treated with, behavior of, in centrifugals. 18 method, use of, in sugar manufacture 10 process, chief advantages of 40 quantity of, required 13 use of, in the manufacture of sugar 7 Analyses of different varieties of cane at Calumet Plantation, La 67-72 Manhattan, Kans 50 Medicine Lodge, Kaus 52-56 Sterling, Kans 87-95 B. Beer still, description of 13-15 Benedict, Mr. Eli, superintendence of 56 Berwick, jr., Mr. O. D., work of , 65 Black African cane, analyses of 23 experiments with 23 rdsume" of work with 24 yield of sugar from 23, 24 C. Calumet plantation, average results at 74 comparison of varieties at 72 cultural work at 64 culture experiments, first series of 67-69 second series of 70 data of planting and cultivating sorghum at 65-67 experiments on large plats 69, 70 special plats 69 planting for seed selection at 70-72 table showing average of three years' cultivation of sorghum at 77 table showing best results at 73 tables of analyses at 74 of average samples at 75, 76 varieties of sorghum tested at 59 Cane grown at Medicine Lodge 57-62 Black African 59 Collier 59 Colman 58,59 data relating to 56 127 128 Cane grown at Medicine Lodge— Continued. Page. description of 63 64 Early Orange 59 Folger's Early 57; 58 India and Orange 61 Link's Hybrid' 58 McLean 60 Planter's Friend 61 re'sume' of data of 62, 63 Ubehlana 62 Variety No. 112 62 126 61 160 60 161 60 91 61 Canes, relative value of, from analyses of average samples 107 Colman cane, analyses of 25 experiments with 25 rdsume" of work with 26 Collier cane, analyses of 30 characteristics of 47 experiments with 30 re'sume' of work with 31 Dr. Peter, name of variety for 47 precipitation of gums with alcohol 10 Coombs, Mr. F. E., work of 64 Crosses, development of 47 Culture work, object of D. Denton, Mr. A. A., report of Diffusion battery, description of Distilling apparatus, description of 13-] E. Early Orange cane, analyses of experiments with 27 r&uind of work with 28 Evaporating apparatus, multiple effect, description of 13 Experimental factory, notes on daily working of 11-1(5 field at Medicine Lodge — cane grown on 56 quality of 56, 57 cultivation of 56 data of yield for one acre 62, 63 description of 52 varieties of cane planted in -52-56 work at Sterling, general results of 49, 50 magnitude of 49 Experiments in keeping cane after cutting . 103, 104 planof 20-22 preliminary work in 129 p. Page, Failyer, Prof. G. H., experiments of 50 Fired cane, analyses of 105 Fuel, increased consumption of, by the alcohol process 41 G. Gilbee, Mr. William Arniond, patent of, for use of alcohol in sugar manu- facturing 8 Glucose, minimum — relative position of each variety in regard to Ill for four years in regard to 112 time required by each variety to reach 108 Greenhut, Mr. J. B., assistance from 15 H. Hughes process, preparation of cane by 12 I. India and Orange cane, analyses of 36 experiments with 36 resume" of work with 37 Internal Revenue Department, regulations of, for the manufacture of sugar with alcohol 12 J. Joulie, M. H., alcohol method of 7,8 treatise of, on sorghum sugar 7 K. Klingel Brothers, makers of still 15 L. Letter of transmittal 3 Link's Hybrid and Amber crosses cane 100, 101 mean value of seed selections from.. 101 cane, analyses of 29 experiments with 29 mean value of seed selections from 96-103 re'sume' of work with 30 Louisiana, varieties of sorghum successful in 51 M. McLean cane, analyses of 33 characteristics of 48 experiments with 33 re'sume' of work with 34 Hon. Peter, name of variety for 48 Machinery and methods 12-18 Manhattan, Kans., experimental work at 50 Maturity of cane, table showing average time required 106 Medicine Lodge, culture work at-. 52 experimental field at 52 experiments at 10 21383— No. 34 9 130 Page. Molasses, advantages of alcohol treatment of 43, 44 from Medicine Lodge factory 42 Parkinson Sugar Company 43 treatment of, by alcoholic process 42 P. Patterson, La., experiments at 50 Planters' Friend, analyses of 38 experiments with 37 re'sum^ of work with 38 Precipitation tanks, description of 13 Press cakes, disposition of 11 manufacture of alcohol from 11 Pumps, failure of, to work 18, 19 Purity, maximum — relative position of each variety for four years in regard to 112 seventy per cent, dates on which each variety reached 112 time required for each variety to reach 110 time required for each variety to reach 109 R. Revenue laws, necessary changes in 12 Reversions to primitive forms 48 Richardson, Mr. Clifford, precipitation of gums with alcohol 10 Resell, Prof. C. A. O., patent of Gilbee 10 S. Seed heads, selection of, in 1891, analyses of 113-125 Black African cane 121,122 Collier cane 123, 124 Column cane 119-121 Early Amber nine 113 Early Orange cane 113 Folger's Karly cane 117-119 India and Orange cane 113 Link's Hybrid and Amber cross cane 124, 125 cane 116 117 McLean cane 115, 116 Planter's Friend cane 121 Variety No. 110 cane 114 112 cane 114 160 cane 114 161 cane 114 Sirup, exposure of, to high temperature in still 19 Sorghum cane, best varieties of, as determined by content of sucrose 105 purity of juices 106 influence of weather on composition of 85 variation of 65 culture experiments with 46 seed for commercial purposes 49 sugar, discrimination of refiners against 41 Starch granules in sorghum, size of 77 Sterling, Kans., analyses of different varieties of cane at 87-105 Black African cane 93 Chinese Imphee cane 93 Collier cane . . 89 131 Page. Sterling, Kans., analyses of Dendemuka cane 94 Early Amber cane 87 Early Orange cane 92 Folger's Early cane 89 Golden Orange cane 92 Link's Hybrid cane 95 McLean cane 87, 88 Planter's Friend cane 90 Ubehlaiia cane 94 Undendebule No. 2 cane 95 Variety No. 112 cane 91 161 cane 91 91 cane 94 best varieties of cane at 86 character of cultivation at 80 experimental work at 46 soils used in experimental work 78 cultural work at 78 culture experiments at 46 description of planting at 78 meteorological data at 79-81 methods of planting at 79 number of analyses at 82 plats planted at 78 seed selections at 83 object of work at 81 quantity of seed planted per acre at 80 recommendations for continuing the work at 84,85 Sucrose, 11 per cent, time required for each variety to reach 107, 108 maximum, relative position of each variety in regard to 109 for four years in regard to 111 Sugar house work, remarks on 40 losses of 40 yield of, from molasses, by alcohol process 43, 44 Sugars, value of, on refining basis 41 Sylvester, Dr. W. H., determination of size of starch granules 77 T. Thompson, Mr. Wibray J., experiments of 50, 51 U. Ubehlana cane, analyses of 39 experiments with 39 resume of work with 40 V. Vacuum still, proposed construction of 16, 17 Varieties No. 91 and No. 112, analyses of 32 experiments \v ith 32 resume" of work witii 33 of cane, characteristics of 47 Variety No. 160, analyses of 27 experiments with 26, 27 132 Page. Variety No. 161 analyses of 35 experiments with 34 re'sume' of work with 36 208 102 mean value of seed selection from 102, 103 373 101 mean value of seed selection from 102 W. Walhurn-Swenson Manufacturing Corapsiny, machinery made by 12 Waste products, use of, for manufacturing alcohol 12 Y' Yaryan Company, apparatus from 19 Z. Zell, Mr. Philip, assistance from 15 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY BERKELEY Return to desk from which borrowed. This book is DUE on the last date stamped below. REC'D L.D RK.CIR NWii-82 'D LD 11 85-9 AM HAR29W63 RECEIVED AUG25'66-2PM LOAN DEPT, ED JUN5 T67-7PI OCTJ4197058 LD 21-1007n-9,'48(B399sl6)476 YD 182^5 \$m m i i «a