QH301 . A78 v. 51 no. 1 Jan 2004 ■OUTHEASTERN IIOLOGY Volume 51 January, 2004 Number 1 ASB 65™ Annual Meeting April 14-17, 2004 University of Memphis, Rhodes College & Christian Brothers University Memphis, Tennessee See Page 1 and Consult Website http://www.memphis.edu/asb Buckman Hall — Administration Building, Rhodes College. The Official Publication of The Association of Southeastern Biologists http://www.asb.appstate.edu/ SOUTHEASTERN BIOLOGY (ISSN 1533-8436) SOUTHEASTERN BIOLOGY (ISSN 1 533-8436) is published quarterly in January, April, September, and December by the Association of Southeastern Biologists, Inc., Carolina Biological Supply Co., 2700 York Road, Burlington, NC 27215. Periodicals postage paid at Burlington, NC, and additional mailing offices. POSTMASTER: please send address changes to the SOUTHEASTERN BIOLOGY business manager, Tim Atkinson, Carolina Biological Supply Co., 2700 York Road, Burlington, NC 27215. ASB members receive the SOUTHEASTERN BIOLOGY as part of their membership dues. For non-members, the cost is $7.00 per issue. All contributions, inquiries about missing numbers and other matters should be addressed to the Print Editor. News items should be sent to the News Editor. Send books to be reviewed to the Book Review Editor. Printed by Allen Press, 810 East 10th Street, Lawrence, KS 66044. Print Editor . James D. Caponetti, Dept, of Botany, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1100; (865) 974-2256; FAX (865) 974-2258; jcaponet@utk.edu. Associate Editor . Terry Richardson, Dept, of Biology, UNA Box 5212, University of North Alabama, Florence, AL 35632-0001; (256) 765-4429; FAX (256) 765-4430; tdrichardson@una.edu. Web Editor . Terry Richardson, Dept, of Biology, UNA Box 5212, University of North Alabama, Florence, AL 35632-0001; (256) 765-4429; FAX (256) 765-4430; tdrichardson@una.edu. Business Manager . Tim Atkinson, Carolina Biological Supply Co., 2700 York Road, Burlington, NC 27215; (336) 538- 6224; tim.atkinson@carolina.com. News Editor . Leon Jernigan, Dept, of Biology, University of North Carolina, Pembroke, NC 28372-1510; (910) 521-6884; Leon.Jernigan@uncp.edu. Book Review Editor . .. Debbie Moore, Department of Natural Sciences, Troy State University, P.O. Box 8368, Dothan, AL 36304-8368; (334) 983-6556, ext. 250; FAX (334) 983-6322; dsmoore@troyst.edu. ASB Officers President . Andrew N. Ash, Dept, of Biology, University of North Carolina, Pembroke, NC 28372-151 0; (91 0) 521-6418; andy.ash@uncp.edu. President-elect . Claudia L. Jolls, Dept, of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858-4353; (252) 328- 6295; FAX (252) 328-4178; jollsc@mail.ecu.edu. Vice-President . Kim Marie Tolson, Department of Biology, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209- 0520; (318) 342-1805; FAX (318) 342-3312; bitolson@ulm.edu. Past President . J. Kenneth Shull, Dept, of Biology, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC 28608-2027; (828) 262-2675; FAX (828) 262-2127; shulljk@appstate.edu. Secretary . Terry Richardson, Dept, of Biology, UNA Box 5212, University of North Alabama, Florence, AL 35632-0001; (256) 765-4429; FAX (256) 765-4430; tdrichardson@una.edu. Treasurer . Tim Atkinson, Carolina Biological Supply Co., 2700 York Road, Burlington, NC 27215; (336) 538- 6224; tim.atkinson@carolina.com. Membership Officer. .. Deborah Atkinson, Office of Continuing Education, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, CB#8165, 400 Roberson Street, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-8165; (919) 843-6892; FAX (919) 966-5692; datkinso@sph.unc.edu. Archivist . John Herr, Dept, of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208; (803) 777-8110; FAX (803) 777-4002; herr@mail.biol.sc.edu. Executive Committee Members-at-Large 2004: W. Michael Dennis, Breedlove, Dennis and Associates, Inc., 330 W. Canton Ave., Winter Park, FL 32789; (407) 677-1882; FAX (407) 657-7008; mike@bda-inc.com. Rebecca Cook, Dept, of Biology, Lambuth University, 705 Lambuth Blvd., Jackson, TN 38301; (731)425-3278; FAX (731) 988-4900; Cook-reb@lambuth.edu. 2005: Zack E. Murrell, Dept, of Biology, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC 28608-2027; (828) 262-2683; FAX (828) 262-2127; murrellze@appstate.edu. Thomas R. Wentworth, Dept, of Botany, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7612; (919) 515- 2168; FAX (919) 515-3436; tom_wentworth@ncsu.edu. 2006: Debbie Moore, Department of Natural Sciences, Troy State University, P.O. Box 8368, Dothan, AL 36304-8368; (334) 983-6556, ext. 250; FAX (334) 983-6322; dsmoore@troyst.edu. Jerry C. Ritchie, USDA-ARS Hydrology Laboratory, BARC-West Building-007, Beltsville, MD 20705; voice (301 ) 504-8717; secretary (301) 504-7490; FAX (301) 504-8931; jritchie@hydrolab.arsusda.gov. Purpose The purpose of this association shall be to promote the advancement of biology as a science by encouraging research, the imparting of knowledge, the application of knowledge to the solution of biological problems, and the preservation of biological resources. The ASB has representation in Section G Committee of the AAAS. Varying types of membership are available to individuals and institutions. See inside back cover. 2004 2005 2006 2007 April 14-17 April 13-16 April 5-8 April 18-21 Time and Place of Future Meetings Co-hosted by Univ. of Memphis, Rhodes College, and Christian Brothers Univ., Memphis, Tenn. Hosted by the University of North Alabama, Florence, Alabama. Hosted by the University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee. Hosted by the University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina. 2004 Meeting Information 1 ASSOCIATION OF SOUTHEASTERN BIOLOGISTS 65th ANNUAL MEETING April 14-17, 2004 University of Memphis Holiday Inn-Fogelman Executive Center Memphis, Tennessee The University of Memphis, Christian Brothers University and Rhodes College welcome the Association of Southeastern Biologists to Memphis for the 65th Annual Meeting, April 14-17, 2004. Memphis boasts many attractions and activities for scientists and their families to enjoy, including a visit to the Memphis Zoo and its newest international residents, panda bears Le-Le and Ya-Ya. Beale Street is home to a plethora of excellent entertainment day and night where guests can enjoy memorable feasts such as award-winning Memphis dry rub barbeque ribs. We hope that you enjoy your time in Memphis. The annual meeting will be held on the University of Memphis campus at the Fogelman Executive Center and Holiday Inn. Various activities will be in both buildings and you must go outside to venture between. For more information and to register on our secure web site, please go to www.memphis.edu/asb. University of Memphis The University of Memphis was founded under the auspices of the General Education Bill, enacted by the Tennessee Legislature in 1909. Known originally as West Tennessee Normal School, the institution opened its doors September 10, 1912, with Dr. Seymour A. Mynders as president. Today, The University of Memphis is one of Tennessee's two comprehensive institutions of higher learning. The University offers 15 bachelor’s degrees in more than 50 majors and 70 concentrations, master's degrees in 46 subjects and doctoral degrees in 21 disciplines, in addition to the Juris Doctor (law) and a specialist degree in education. Situated on an urban campus in the state's largest city, it awards more than 3,000 degrees annually. The University of Memphis is a doctoral degree-granting urban research university committed to excellence in undergraduate, graduate, and professional education; in the discovery and dissemination of knowledge; in service to the metropolitan community, state, and nation; and in the preparation of a diverse student population for successful careers and meaningful participation in a global society. The Biology Department enrolls over six hundred undergraduate majors and more than fifty M.S. and Ph.D. students. There are twenty faculty members in the Biology Department and many have received international recognition for their work. These Biology instructors know that the most important things about the department are evident in the excellence of teaching and research. Everything 2 SE Biology, Vol. 51, No. 1, January, 2004 possible will be done to make your experience with us a beneficial and enjoyable one while preparing you for a successful future as a Biologist. An additional bonus to the department is the Meeman Biological Field Station and access to the mighty Mississippi River. Many of the laboratory portions of the upper division courses are conducted at the field station and along the river. Christian Brothers University Christian Brothers College was founded November 19, 1871, by members of the Institute of the Brothers of Christian Schools, a Roman Catholic religious teaching congregation. The college functioned as a combined elementary school, high school, and college, granting both high school diplomas as well as bachelor's and master's degrees from 1871 to 1915, when the college division was suspended. In 1940, CBU reopened as a Junior College and in 1953, expanded into a four-year institution. There are currently 14 degree programs, including biology, civil engineering, and natural science. Programs at the graduate level were reinstated in 1987 and now include a several master's programs. Christian Brothers University is a Catholic institution of higher education in the tradition of the Christian Brothers. It is a private, comprehensive university which emphasizes excellence in teaching and individualized attention to the whole person in a values oriented, interfaith educational community. The Department of Biology in the School of Sciences offers a four-year program leading to a BS degree in biology. Biology students at CBU organize and participate in a variety of activities through the Mu Tau chapter of Beta Beta Beta. CBU Biology offers a strong academic program with a variety of Biology courses including selections in the fields of human & biomedical biology, organismal biology, evolutionary biology & ecology, and cell & molecular biology. In addition to our strong academic program, CBU Biology offers personalized advising, state-of-the-art lab equipment, and small classes. CBU students also have opportunities for international research and service through MIRT and Haiti Medical Missions. Students who earn the Biology Degree at CBU receive excellent preparation for graduate school (including medical school) and for careers in all fields of biology and the biomedical sciences. Rhodes College Rhodes, founded in 1848, is a private, residential, coeducational college of liberal arts and sciences. Its 1,550 students choose among 31 majors leading to a Bachelor of Arts or Bachelor of Science degree. The college also awards a Master of Science degree in accounting. One of the few selective U.S. liberal arts colleges located in an urban setting, Rhodes occupies 100 wooded acres in midtown Memphis. The campus has been nationally recognized for its adherence to the standards of collegiate Gothic architecture and has been frequently cited as one of the most beautiful in the nation. The college has a strong tradition of service, with 80 percent of all students involved in community service activities. Ranked in the top tier of America’s best national liberal arts colleges, Rhodes is governed by a student-administered honor code. The Department of Biology is one of the three largest majors at Rhodes, graduating 40-50 seniors per year and having 11 faculty and two postdoctoral fellows. One of the postdoctoral fellowships is a two-year teaching/research 2004 Meeting Information 3 position for recent Ph.D.s in which the fellow works with a faculty mentor on teaching skills and research. The maturation of teaching ability and fruition of research greatly increases the candidate's competitive status when applying to top-tier liberal arts colleges. The department stresses a broad-based program in biology, serving majors interested in research, health professions, and education. A large percentage of biology majors go on to medical school; however, Rhodes also sends a larger than national average percentage of science students on to graduate programs. The department has close ties and formal programs with St. Jude’s Children’s Hospital, the Memphis Zoo and the Gulf Coast Marine Laboratory. Investigative laboratories and opportunities for undergraduate research are strengths of the biology program. The Rhodes Biology Department URL is http://www.Rhodes.edu/biology. LODGING We provide three possibilities for accommodations: 1. Fogelman/Holiday Inn. The meetings will be split between these two buildings. The Holiday Inn is an all-suite property and the Fogelman Executive Center rooms have one queen bed. Please note that a special block of rooms has been reserved at Fogelman for the ASB Executive Committee, so we ask committee members to please make their accommodations early (you will need to indicate that you are a committee member when making your reservation). Rates are $95 for suites at Holiday Inn and $85.00 for rooms at Fogelman. To make reservations use the numbers listed below: Fogelman Executive Center: 901-678-5410 Holiday Inn: 1-800-HOLIDAY or 1-901-678-8200 2. Park Vista (http://memphis.rezcenter.com/hotels/ MEM_PARK.shtml). ASB has negotiated a special rate of $89 single/double for conference guests. The hotel is approximately 15-20 minutes from the UM campus (see web site for location), and a complimentary shuttle will run in the morning and again in the afternoon. Please contact the hotel directly to make reservations. When calling, mention that you are an Association of Southeastern Biologist conference attendee to guarantee the special negotiated rate. You may also make arrangements for an airport shuttle. Hotel Phone (901 ) 684-6664 Hotel Fax (901)762-7496 3. Holiday Inn Select Memphis East (www.hiselect.com/mem-epoplar) ASB has negotiated a special rate of $86 single/double The hotel is approximately 15- 20 minutes from the meeting the UM campus (see website for location), and a complimentary shuttle will run in the morning and again in the afternoon. A complimentary airport shuttle is also available. Please contact the hotel directly to make reservations. When calling, mention that you are an Association of South¬ eastern Biologists conference attendee to guarantee the special negotiated rate. Hotel Phone (901)682-7881 (in-house reservations) National Line (901) 1 -800-Holiday (make sure to specify correct location) Hotel Fax (901) 682-0536 (send to Meeting Services Manager with all information) 4 SE Biology , Vol. 51, No. 1, January, 2004 REGISTRATION Early Registration (before March 12, 2004) Late Friday ASB Member Nonmember Student Registration $180.00 $210.00 $110.00 Registration Banquet $210.00 $40.00 $240.00 $40.00 $140.00 $30.00 Registration includes the Wednesday Plenary and Welcome Reception, box lunches on Thursday and Friday, and the Thursday Night Social at Gibson Guitar Factory. The Friday ASB Awards Banquet and Saturday field trips are not included in the registration fee. Please register through our secure web site. Memphis Weather Memphis Weather in April is notoriously unpredictable, so layers may be best. Temperatures will likely be in the high 70s or low 80s during the day; likely 60s at night. Rain is always possible and, rain or no rain, humidity may be high. Affiliate Groups American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists, Southeastern Division Beta Beta Beta, Southeastern Division Botanical Society of America, Southeastern Section Ecological Society of America, Southeastern Chapter Society of Wetland Scientists Southeastern Fisheries Council Southern Appalachian Botanical Society TRANSPORTATION How to get to the ASB Annual Meeting The Holiday Inn and Fogelman Executive Center are located on the University of Memphis campus in the center of the city. Coming from the east on 1-40: Follow the Sam Cooper Blvd. signs, take the Highland Street exit from Sam Cooper Blvd., follow Highland south to Central, turn east and follow Central to the Holiday Inn (on your left) or Fogelman Executive Center (on your right). Coming from the west on 1-40: Take the Riverside Drive exit, follow Riverside Drive south to Union Avenue, turn east and follow Union (Union will change to Walnut Grove) to Highland, turn south and follow Highland to Central, turn east and follow Central to the Holiday Inn (on your left) or Fogelman Executive Center (on your right). 2004 Meeting information 5 Coming from the airport (rental car dealerships): Leaving the car dealerships, turn west onto Democrat Road; from Democrat, take the Plough Boulevard/Airways North exit; from Plough Boulevard/Airways North, take the I- 240 exit to Nashville (keep to the right as you take that exit); from 1-240, take the Getwell North exit (exit 20-B); follow Getwell north until it makes a "T" intersection with Park Avenue; turn east onto Park Avenue; at the first stop light (just a block away) turn north onto Goodlett Street; follow Goodlett across the railroad tracks to Central Avenue; turn west onto Central and follow Central to the Holiday Inn (on your right) or Fogelman Executive Center (on your left). Coming from the north on 1-55: Follow the signs to get onto 1-40, go east on 1-40 and take the Riverside Drive exit, follow Riverside Drive south to Union Avenue, turn east and follow Union (Union will change to Walnut Grove) to Highland, turn south and follow Highland to Central, turn east and follow Central to the Holiday Inn (on your left) or Fogelman Executive Center (on your right). Coming from the north on U.S. Hwy. 51: Just south of Millington, turn left onto Paul Barret Parkway; take Paul Barret Parkway to State Rd. 204; turn onto Hwy. 204 and stay on that road until it ends at Summer Avenue (Hwy. 204 will change to Covington Pike, then Stratford Road); turn west and follow Summer Avenue to Highland; turn south and follow Highland to Central; turn east and follow Central to the Holiday Inn (on your left) or Fogelman Executive Center (on your right). Coming from the south on 1-55: Take the 1-240 exit to Nashville, follow 1-240 to the Getwell North exit and take that exit, follow Getwell north to Park Avenue, turn east and follow Park Avenue to Goodlett (only about one block away), turn north and follow Goodlett to Central, turn west and follow Central to the Holiday Inn (on your right) or Fogelman Executive Center (on your left). Coming from the south on U.S. Hwy. 78: Take the Perkins Street exit, follow Perkins to Park Avenue, turn west and follow Park Avenue to Goodlett, turn north and follow Goodlett to Central, turn west and follow Central to the Holiday Inn (on your right) or Fogelman Executive Center (on your left). Getting to the Hotels (other than campus Holiday Inn): Both of the off-site hotels are found just east of the Polar exit of 1-240. Both provide complimentary shuttles from the airport. ASB NIGHT OUT AT THE GIBSON GUITAR FACTORY and ROCK ‘N’ SOUL MUSEUM Thursday, April 15 6-10 pm + The Thursday evening social event will be held at the Gibson Guitar Factory, and will include a BBQ dinner, cash bar, and entrance to the Rock “N’ Soul Museum, where you can learn about Elvis, BB King, and other famous Memphians. The band Free World will play their original music during dinner (lots of scratchy guitar, syncopated drum beats, punchy horns, and plenty of jams), and then 6 SE Biology, Vol. 51, No. 1, January, 2004 some dancing music to finish off the festivities at Gibson. You don’t have to stop then, however, as Beale Street is only a block away. Feel free to wander this famous street to take in more live music and festivities. Buses will continue running until 12:00 am. This event is already paid for through your registration fees, so don’t miss out! FIELD TRIPS FT1: Low-Gradient River Ecology Cost: $25.00 Contact/leader: Jack Grubaugh, University of Memphis (grubaugh@memphis.edu). Canoe trip along a meandering section of the Wolf River, leaving the Wilson Center at 7:00 am and returning at 3:00 pm. Participants will discuss river and floodplain ecology while enjoying the scenery and wildlife of western Tennessee bottomlands. Maximum number of participants = 12. Box lunches and bottled water will be provided. Warning: there is a possibility participants will get wet. FT2: Mississippi Neotropical Migrants Cost: $25.00 Contact/leader: Paul Hamel, US Fish & Wildlife Service (phamel@fs.fed.us). Participants will go on a birding expedition to Meeman-Shelby State Park, leaving the Wilson Center at 6:30 am and returning at 12:00 pm. Dr. Hamel will also discuss ongoing research and conservation efforts that focus on the Cerulean warbler. Maximum number of participants = 8. Participants should dress appropriately (e.g., field boots and insect repellent). Bottled water will be provided. FT3: Zoo Conservation Cost: $25.00 Contact/leader: Steve Reichling (333-6711), Memphis Zoo & Aquarium (sreichling@memphiszoo.org). Dr. Reichling and other staff members of the Memphis Zoo will take participants on a behind-the-scenes tour of zoo facilities, leaving the Wilson Center at 1:00 pm and returning at 4:00 pm. The staff will also discuss the zoo’s growing role in wildlife conservation. Bottled water will be provided. Maximum number of participants = 20. FT4: The Ol’ Man Cost: $30.00 Contact/leader: Thad Wasklewicz, University of Memphis (twsklwcz@memphis.edu). This trip will use the University of Memphis research boat to carry participants on the Mississippi River to several islands and sandbars, leaving the Wilson Center at 6:30 am and returning at 3:00 pm. The trip provides opportunities to get “up close and personal” with The Father of Waters, view wildlife and riverine habitats, and discuss the past, present, and future of North America’s mightiest river. Maximum number of participants = 8. Box lunches and bottled water will be provided. Warning: participants may get wet. 2004 Meeting Information 7 Tri-Beta Field Trip to the Memphis Zoo (Thursday) Cost: $15.00 Members of Beta Beta Beta attending the ASB meeting will travel (April 14: 1:00 pm - 4:00 pm) by bus from the University of Memphis campus to the Memphis Zoo. One of the zoo's research biologists, Heidi Bissell, will give the group a behind-the-scenes look at the zoo. Special emphasis will placed on the zoo's recently acquired giant pandas, Le Le and Ya Ya. Zoo personnel will demonstrate some of behavioral modification techniques used to acclimate the two new residents to their Memphis home. For more information on the Memphis giant pandas, see website: http://www. memphiszoo.org/frame_set. php?key=giant EXHIBITORS/SPONSORS If you are interested in exhibiting during the meeting or sponsoring portions of the meeting, please contact Mary Bartlett (marybart@memphis.edu) or check out our website (www.memphis.edu/sb). Space is limited, so sign up early! TENTATIVE PROGRAM Wednesday, April 14 Registration 4:00 pm - 10:00 pm Shuttle between Campus and Off-site Hotels 4:00 pm - 10:00 pm Exhibitors Set-up 10:00 am -4:00 pm ASB Executive Committee Meeting 3:00 pm -6:00 pm ASB Plenary 6:30 pm -8:00 pm ASB Welcome Reception & Exhibits 8:00 pm - 10:00 pm Thursday, April 15 Registration 6:30 am -6:00 pm Shuttle between Campus and Off-site Hotels 6:30 am -8:30 am Poster Set-up 6:30 am -8:00 am ASB Past President’s Breakfast 7:00 am -8:30 am Exhibit Area Open 10:00 am -2:00 pm PowerPoint Previewing 7:30 am -4:00 pm Paper Sessions 8:00 am -9:45 am Symposium 1: Invasive Plant Awareness and Research: 8:00 am - 11:30 am a Priority Status Symposium 2: Social Behavior of Animals 8:00 am - 11:30 am Refreshment Break 9:45 am - 10:15 am Paper Sessions 10:15 am - 12:00 pm Lunch (box lunches provided) 12:00 pm -1:30 pm SWS Luncheon 12:00 pm -1:30 pm Beta Beta Beta Field Trip to the Memphis Zoo 1:00 pm -4:00 pm Paper Sessions 1:30 pm -3:00 pm Symposium 3: Women in Science 1:30 pm -3:00 pm Refreshment Break 3:00 pm -3:30 pm 8 SE Biology, Vol. 51, No. 1, January, 2004 Paper Sessions 3:30 pm -5:00 pm Exhibit Area Open 3:00 pm -6:00 pm Afternoon Poster Session 4:00 pm -6:00 pm Shuttle between Campus and Off-site Hotels 4:30 pm -6:30 pm Shuttle between Campus and Gibson Guitar 5:30 pm -7:00 pm Poster Removal 6:00 pm -6:30 pm Thursday Night Social at Gibson Guitar (Beale Streat) 6:00 pm - 10:00 pm Shuttle from Gibson to Campus & Off-site Hotels 9:00 pm - 12:00 am Note: Last shuttle departs Gibson at 12:00am sharp Friday, April 16 Registration 6:00 am - 5:00 pm Shuttle between Campus and Off-site Hotels 6:00 am - 8:30 am Poster Set-up (includes Beta Beta Beta) 6:30 am - 7:00 am Poster Session & Exhibit Area Open 7:00 am - 9:00 am SABS/BSA Breakfast 7:00 am - 8:30 am PowerPoint Previewing 7:00 am - 3:30 pm Beta Beta Beta Activities TBD Officers and Judges Meeting Poster Presentations District Meetings Paper Sessions 8:00 am - 9:15 pm Symposium 4: Microbiology Practitioners & Educators 8:00 am - 1 1:00 am (Brooks/Cole) Refreshment Break 9:15 am - 9:45 am Paper Sessions 9:45 am - 1 1:15 am Exhibit Area Open 1 1:00 am - 1:30 pm ASB Business Meeting 11:15 am - 12:00 pm Lunch (box lunch provided) 12:00 pm - 1:30 pm ESA/SE Business Luncheon 12:00 pm - 1:30 pm Poster Removal (includes Beta Beta Beta) 1 :30 pm - 2:00 pm Exhibitor Move-out 1:30 pm - 4:00 pm Paper Sessions 1 :30 pm - 3:00 pm Refreshment Break 3:00 pm - 3:30 pm Poster Sessions 3:30 pm - 5:00 pm Shuttle between Campus and Off-site Hotels 4:30 pm - 6:30 pm Informal Networking ( cash bar) 5:00 pm - 6:15 pm ASB Banquet and Awards 6:30 pm - 9:30 pm Shuttle between Campus and Off-site Hotels 8:30 pm - 10:30 pm Saturday, April 17 ASB Executive Committee Meeting (includes breakfast) 8:00 am - 12:00 pm Field Trips Low-gradient River Ecology (includes lunch) 7:00 am - 3:00 pm Mississippi Neotropical Migrants 6:30 am - 12:00 pm Zoo Conservation 1 :00 pm - 4:00 pm The Ol’ Man (includes lunch) 6:30 am - 3:00 pm 2004 Meeting Information 9 LOCAL COMMITTEE ASSIGNMENTS Local Arrangements Co-Chairs: Scott Franklin 901-678-5539 sfrankli@memphis.edu Mel Beck 901-678-2970 mbeck@memphis.edu Program Chair. Scott Franklin Web Master. Steve Conlee U Memphis IT 901-678-5506 sconlee@memphis.edu Beta Beta Beta: Mary Ogilvie (CBU) 901-321-3437 mogilvie@cbu.edu Commercial Exhibits: Mike Kennedy Mel Beck 901-678-2597 mlkenndy@memphis.edu Workshops/Symposiums: Matthew Parris 901-678-4408 mparris@memphis.edu Promotions: Charlie Biggers 901-678-4468 cbiggers@memphis.edu Field Trips: Jack Grubaugh 901-678-5487 grubaugh@memphis.edu Posters and Audiovisual: Mike Kennedy Mel Beck Registration/Meeting Statistics: Bill Simco 901-678-2594 bsimco@memphis.edu Social Events: Alan Jaslow (Rhodes) 901-843-3602 Ajaslow@rhodes.edu Malinda Fitzgerald (CBU) 901-321-3262 malinda@cbu.edu Transportation/Parking/ Tourism: Alan Jaslow Malinda Fitzgerald 10 SE Biology, Vol. 51, No. 1, January, 2004 Affiliate Societies Meeting With Asb In April 2004 Hosts: University Of Memphis, Christian Brother’s University, Rhodes College The following affiliate societies will be in attendance at the 2004 Annual Meeting. We anticipate an excellent diversity of paper and poster presentations. The societies and their contacts are listed below. American Society of Ichtyologists and Herpotaologists, Southeastern Division Dr. Martin O'Connell Pontchartrain Institute for Environmental Sciences 349 CERM Building - Research & Tech Park University of New Orleans New Orleans, LA 70148 moconnel@uno.edu Beta Beta Beta of Southeastern District I Dr. Virginia Martin Queens College of Charlotte Charlotte, NC 28274 martinv@rex.queens.edu Beta Beta Beta Southeastern District II Donald H. Roush Department of Biology Box 5181 University of North Alabama 394-5045 Florence, AL 35632-0001 (256) 765-4435 droush@unanova.una.edu Botanical Society of America Southeastern Division Dr. Lytton John Musselman Mary Payne Hogan Professor of Botany & Chair Department of Biological Sciences 110 Mills Godwin Building/45th St. Old Dominion University Norfolk, VA 23529-0266 lmusselm@odu.edu Ecological Society of America Southeastern Chapter Dr. Paul Schmalzer, Chair Ecological Program, Mail Code Dyn-2 Dynamac Corporation Kennedy Space Center, FL 32899 paul.schmalzer-1 @ksc. nasa.gov Southeastern Society Parasitologists Dr. Charles T. Faulkner, President elect Clinical Parasitology Service, Rm. A-233 Univ. of Tennessee Veterinary Teaching Hospital 2407 River Drive Knoxville, TN 37996-4543 ctfaulkner@utk.edu Southeastern Fishes Council Dr. Henry Bart Tulane Museum of Natural History Belle Chasse, LA 70037 hank@museum.tulane.edu Southern Appalachian Botanical Society Dr. Zack E. Murrell, President Department of Biology Appalachian State University Boone, NC 28608 (828) 262-2674; FAX (828) 262-2127 murrellze@appstate.edu Society of Wetland Scientists South Atlantic Chapter Dr. Steven J. Miller St. Johns River Water Mgmt. Dist. P. O. Box 1429 Palatka, FL 32178 (386) 329-4387; FAX (386) 329-4329 sjmiller@sjrwmd.com 2004 Meeting Information 11 Please copy the symposia announcement on the next page and post it in your department. Note that there are symposia of interests to microbiologists, ethologists, those interested in invasive plants and those with interests in women in science. Encourage those in your department in those disciplines to come to our meeting. Make as many copies as you need. If possible, please enlarge copies for posting. Thanks for your help and cooperation. SE Biology, Vol. 51, No. 1, January, 2004 Symposia at the Annual Meeting of The Association of Southeastern Biologists April 14-17, 2004 Memphis, Tennessee Social Behavior in Animals Microbiology Practitioners and Educators Invasive Plant Awareness and Research: The Priority Status Women in Science Find more details and registration information at http://www.asb.appstate.edu/ Student Research 13 Students working in the genetics laboratory, University of Memphis. Herpetology class, University of Memphis. 14 SE Biology , Vol. 51, No. 1, January, 2004 ASB Student Poster Awards for 2003 ASB Student Poster Winners Lisa C. Marks, Pierson Hill, Diana Chemott, and Michael E. Dorcas. Davidson College. “Microhabitat selection and movement patterns of black rat snakes ( Elaphe obsolete) in the western Piedmont of North Carolina. [#91 in the Poster & Paper Sessions, p. 72, in the April 2003 Southeastern Biology .] Honorable Mentions 1. Mercedes M. Ward and Ann M. Fraser. The University of the South. “Modification of honeydew excretion behavior by the tuliptree scale insect, Toumeyella liriodendri , in response to ant exclusion and simulated attack.” #14. 2. Kristi James and Min-ken Liao. Furman University. “Analysis of the genetic diversity of the endangered plant, the Bunched Arrowhead, Sagittaria fasciculate E. O. Beal, using ISSR.” #40. 3. Diana L. Huestis. Eckerd College. “Life history and ecology of two-lined salamanders ( Eurycea bislineata complex) in upstate South Carolina.” #89. New Web Editor, News Editor, and Book Review Editor Howard Neufeld has “retired” as Web Editor, Jon Fortman has “retired” as News Editor, and James Ross has “retired” as Book Review Editor. President Andrew Ash has appointed Terry Richardson as the new Web Editor, Leon Jernigan as the new News Editor, and Debbie Moore as the new Book Review Editor. For items to be placed on the ASB website, contact Terry. His address, telephone number, and e-mail address appear on the inside front cover. Leon would appreciate receiving news items about you, your institution, and your colleagues and students. His address, telephone number, and e-mail address appear on the inside front cover. Deadlines to send him news are October 28 for the January issue, January 13 for the April issue, and July 13 for the September issue. The December issue does not contain news of biology in the Southeast. If you are interested in reviewing new books in the biological sciences, let Debbie know your specialty in biology so that you can review appropriate books. Her address, telephone number, and e-mail address also appear on the inside front cover. ASB Constitution and Bylaws 15 Constitution of the Association of Southeastern Biologists Article I - Organization Section 1. The name of this organization shall be The Association of Southeastern Biologists. Section 2. The purpose of this Association shall be to promote the advancement of Biology as a science by encouraging research, the imparting of knowledge, the application of knowledge to the solution of biological problems, and the preservation of biological resources. Article II - Membership and Dues Section 1. Membership shall be open to all persons interested in the biological sciences. Section 2. Membership shall be granted to any eligible individual, institution, or corporation upon receipt of a written application and dues payment for the current year. Section 3. Each member shall pay annual dues in accordance with her/his category of membership. Annual dues include a year's subscription to Southeastern Biology and/or other publications of the Association. Article III - Officers Section 1. The Officers of the Association shall be the President, Vice President, President-Elect, Past President, Secretary, and Treasurer. Section 2. The term of office is 3 years for the Secretary and Treasurer and 1 year for the other offices. Article IV - Executive Committee Section 1. The officers of the Association, six (6) Members-at-Large elected by the membership, the Print Editor of Southeastern Biology, the Membership Officer, the Web Editor of ASB, and the Archivist of the Association shall constitute the Executive Committee. The Print and Web Editors, Membership Officer, and Archivist shall be ex officio, nonvoting members with the right to discuss all issues and to propose motions. Members-at-Large shall serve terms of 3 years with two members elected each year. Section 2. The Executive Committee shall meet in the fall of each year and in the spring during the Annual Meeting of the membership. Article V - Annual Meeting Section 1. The Annual Meeting of the Association shall be held in April at such place as may be recommended by the Executive Committee and approved by the membership. The date of the meeting shall be determined by the Executive Committee. 16 SE Biology, Vol. 51, No. 1, January, 2004 Section 2. The Executive Committee may change the time and place of the Annual Meeting and may call special meetings of the Association. Section 3. Notice of all special meetings shall be sent to each member at least two (2) weeks before the dates on which such meetings are to convene. Section 4. Fifty (50) members of the Association shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at the Annual Meeting or at any special meeting. Article VI - Disposition of Property In the event of the dissolution or termination of the Association of Southeastern Biologists, title to and possession of all assets of the Association shall be assigned forthwith by the Executive Committee to a non-profit organization similar to the ASB in its overall goals or other biological organizations operated exclusively for charitable, educational, or scientific purposes. Article VII - Incorporation The Association of Southeastern Biologists is incorporated as a non-profit scientific, and educational organization without capital stock and one solely engaged in lawful activity as permitted by Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954, as amended, and by Chapter 55A-86 of the General Statutes of the State of North Carolina. No member shall have any title or interest in the property of the Association, and no dividends or profits shall be declared or paid to any member. Article VIII - Audit Section 1. The fiscal year for the Association is January 1 through December 31. Section 2. The financial records of the T reasurer and of the Board of T rustees of the Enrichment Fund shall be audited at least once each year by the Auditing Committee. Article IX - Archives The Archives of The Association of Southeastern Biologists shall be maintained permanently at the University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia. Article X - Amendments Section 1. This Constitution may be amended at any Annual Meeting by a three-fourths majority of those present, provided due notice has been sent by the Secretary to the membership at least 30 days in advance of the meeting, provided the amendment has been proposed by the Executive Committee or by a committee authorized by the Association at a previous Annual Meeting, and provided that so long as the Association shall be or remain an organization exempt under Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954, as amended, no amendment shall be made to Article I, Article VI, or Article VII of this constitution without consent having been obtained from the Internal Revenue Service ASB Constitution and Bylaws 17 Section 2. and having been reported to the North Carolina Department of State. Amendments to this constitution shall take effect as soon as adopted by vote of the membership. Bylaws of the Association of Southeastern Biologists Article I - Membership and Dues Section 1. Annual dues shall be set by the membership on recommendation Section 2. by the Executive Committee for the following categories of regular membership: Individual, Student, Sustaining, Contributing, Family, Life, Emeritus, Patron, and Library. Any member who has been a regular member of the Association for 10 or more consecutive years and who has retired from professional duties may be elected to Emeritus membership by the Executive Committee. An Emeritus member shall have the same Section 3. rights and privileges as a Regular Member. Any individual or organization that contributes funds each year, in an amount set by the Executive Committee and approved by the membership, to sponsor an ASB award or otherwise support the Association shall be known as a Patron Member of the Association. Section 4. Any organization with a focus on the biological sciences may become an affiliate of the Association of Southeastern Biologists upon recommendation of the Executive Committee and approval of the membership attending the annual meeting. Affiliation does not confer individual membership in the Association on the members of the affiliated organization. Section 5. Annual renewal of membership shall require the payment of dues by the first of January. Any member with dues in arrears on the first of July shall be dropped from the membership roster. Members must pay past dues to maintain continuous membership. Article II - Election of Officers Section 1. The Nominating Committee shall prepare annually a multiple slate of nominees for each office to be filled. Members may recommend to the Nominating Committee persons for any office. Section 2. The slate of nominees shall be presented to the membership prior to the Annual Meeting, and the election shall be held during the business session of the Annual Meeting. Nominations will be received from the floor. Section 3. The Secretary shall prepare ballots which shall be distributed and collected by three tellers appointed by the President. A majority vote will constitute election to office. Where more than one person is to be elected to a position (e.g., Members-at-Large of the Executive Committee), the two or more receiving the highest number of votes shall be declared elected. 18 SE Biology, Vol. 51, No. 1, January, 2004 Section 4. Section 5. Section 6. Section 7. Article III - Section 1. Section 2. Section 3. Section 4. Section 5. Section 6. During the Annual Meeting, those elected shall be presented to the membership. All ballots shall be deposited with the Secretary who shall retain them for 1 year. A President-Elect shall be elected annually and shall become President at the close of the next Annual Meeting. A Vice President shall be elected annually. Neither the President nor the Vice President shall be eligible for reelection for the year following her/his term of office. A Secretary and a Treasurer shall each be elected for a 3-year term and shall be eligible for reelection. Duties of Officers The President shall be the executive officer of the Association, shall perform the duties usual to the office, and shall appoint, with the advice of the Executive Committee, regular committees, special committees authorized by the Executive Committee, and where appropriate, Association Representatives to other organizations. The President shall notify Emeritus members of their election. The President-Elect shall organize the program for the plenary session of the Annual Meeting and shall be responsible for promoting membership in the Association. In the event that the President-Elect cannot complete her/his term of office, the person who received the next highest number of votes shall become President-Elect. If this person is unable to serve, the Executive Committee shall nominate two candidates for the office, one of whom would be elected by the membership by mail ballots. The Past President, in order to provide continuity in the governance of the Association, shall serve as advisor to the President on matters of past policy. He/She shall serve as Chair of the Resolutions Committee and of the Past Presidents' Council. The Vice President shall be the public relations officer of the Association. In the absence of the President from any meeting, the Vice President shall discharge the duties of the office, and in the event that the President cannot complete her/his term of office, the Vice President shall become President of the Association. The Secretary shall keep records of the meetings of the Association and of the Executive Committee, conduct routine business pertaining to the office, prepare and distribute ballots, serve ex officio as Associate Editor of Southeastern Biology, and report the activities of the office to the Association at the Annual Meeting. In the absence of the Treasurer, the Secretary shall assume the duty to authorize by signature any financial transactions belonging to the Treasurer's office. The Treasurer shall receive and disburse all funds of the Association, keep records of dues received and funds expended, serve ex officio as Business Manager of Southeastern Biology, and report the activities of the office annually to the membership. He/she is authorized to reimburse the Secretary for expenses ASB Constitution and Bylaws 19 Article IV Section 1. Section 2. Section 3. Section 4. Section 5. Article V - Section 1 . Section 2. Article VI Section 1 Section 2 incurred in attending the Annual Meeting and interim meetings of the Executive Committee and may be authorized by the Executive Committee to reimburse other officers for expenses incurred in attending one Executive Committee meeting per year. Southeastern Biology Southeastern Biology, the official publication of the Association, shall be published quarterly or at other regular intervals as may be determined by a vote of the membership upon recommendation by the Executive Committee. The Print Editor, responsible for editing and publishing South¬ eastern Biology, shall be a member of the Association appointed by the Executive Committee for a term of 3 years. He/She shall be eligible for reappointment for successive 3-year terms. Upon the recommendation of the Print Editor, the Executive Committee may appoint a Circulation Manager who would assist the Editor in matters related to the distribution of the Bulletin. Southeastern Biology shall be supplied to all members of the Association. Organizations may subscribe to Southeastern Biology at a rate set by the Executive Committee not to exceed the rate for contributing members, but such subscriptions will not carry the privileges of membership in the Association. Major changes in editorial policy proposed by the Editor shall be subject to approval by the Executive Committee. ASB Web Page The Association shall maintain an official ASB Web page on the Internet. The ASB Web page shall contain information about ASB officers and the Executive Committee, information concerning the Annual Meeting, news of ASB activities, information of interest to biologists in the southeast, and links to Internet sites of interest to the membership. The ASB Web page will be administered by the ASB Web Editor. The Editor of the ASB Web page shall be a member of the Association, responsible for the editing and publishing of the Web page, and shall be selected and appointed by the Executive Committee for a term of 3 years. The Editor shall be eligible for reappointment for any number of successive 3-year terms. The official title shall be Web Editor. Executive Committee The Executive Committee shall be in charge of the affairs of the Association and shall direct the expenditure of the Association’s funds. The committee shall establish the policies for the Association with the approval of the membership and shall record all policies in effect in the “Handbook for Officers and Committee Members.” The Members-at-Large are eligible for reelection. Should a Member-at-Large leave office prior to expiration of the term, the 20 SE Biology, Vol. 51, No. 1, January, 2004 Section 3. Section 4. Section 5. Article VII Section 1 . Section 2. Executive Committee shall appoint a replacement to serve until the next election. The Executive Committee shall appoint an Archivist who shall be custodian of the permanent records or archives and, with the approval of the Executive Committee, make appropriate arrangements for the collection, care, and maintenance of such records. The Archivist shall serve a term of 3 years and shall be eligible for reappointment for successive 3-year terms. The Executive Committee shall appoint a Membership Officer who shall work closely with the Treasurer and be in charge of all membership-related duties and records including maintaining a membership database. The Membership Officer shall serve a term of 3 years corresponding with the Treasurer’s term and shall be eligible for reappointment for successive 3-year terms. For all meetings of the Executive Committee seven voting members shall constitute a quorum. Standing Committees The following standing committees shall serve the Association: A. Auditing Committee B. Committee on Women, Minorities, and Persons with Disabilities C. Conservation Committee D. Education Committee E. Finance Committee F. Graduate Student Support Award Committee G. Local Arrangements Committee H. Meritorious Teaching Award Committee I. Nominating Committee J. Past Presidents' Council K. Patron Member and Exhibitor Committee L. Place of Meeting Committee M. Poster Awards Committee N. Publications Committee O. Resolutions Committee P. Senior Research Awards Committee Q. Student Research Awards Committee Committee members, except for those who serve ex officio, shall be appointed by the President upon the approval of the Executive Committee. The composition and duties of the standing committees shall be as follows: A. The Auditing Committee shall examine the records of the Treasurer prior to the Annual Meeting of the Association and shall report the condition of the accounts to the membership at the business session of this meeting. In accordance with Article VIII, Section 7., the committee shall audit the accounts of the Enrichment Fund. The committee shall consist of three members appointed for terms of 3 years, with a member appointed annually and serving as Chair in the third year. ASB Constitution and Bylaws 21 B. The Committee on Women, Minorities, and Persons with Disabilities shall promote career opportunities in the biological sciences for women, minorities, and individuals with disabilities and implement programs to eliminate barriers that restrict the access of underrepresented groups to biological careers. The committee shall consist of three members appointed for terms of 3 years, with a member appointed annually and serving as Chair in the third year. C. The Conservation Committee shall accumulate facts about environmental issues; shall, where it deems appropriate, disseminate such information to the membership; and shall bring resolutions addressing issues of significance to the Executive Committee for presentation to the membership through the Resolutions Committee. The committee shall consist of three members appointed for terms of 3 years, with a member appointed annually and serving as Chair in the third year. D. The Education Committee shall explore ways and means by which the Association might contribute to improved biological education at all levels. Where feasible, the committee shall organize symposia and workshops for the Annual Meeting designed to acquaint the membership with new pedagogy and critical issues in biological education. The committee shall consist of six members appointed for terms of 3 years, with two members appointed annually and serving as Co-Chairs in the third year. E. The Finance Committee shall review the finances of the Association, prepare budget projections for future years, and recommend actions regarding dues structure and other financial matters to the Executive Committee. The committee shall consist of the ASB Treasurer (Chair), Past President, President- Elect, and a member of the Executive Committee. F. The Graduate Student Support Award Committee shall make monetary awards to assist graduate students to attend the Annual Meetings of ASB. The committee shall consist of three members appointed for terms of 3 years, with a member appointed annually and serving as Chair in the third year. G. The Local Arrangements Committee shall make arrangements for the Annual Meeting, including receipt and scheduling of scientific papers to be presented and making arrangements for registration, exhibits, field trips, and social activities. The committee shall also provide information of available transportation, parking, and accommodations. Meeting statistics collected shall be forwarded to the next Local Arrangements Committee. Members of the committee shall include a Chair, selected by the host institution, and the Chairs of subcommittees he or she designates. H. The Meritorious Teaching Award Committee may each year select for the award a member of the Association who has taught biology for at least ten years in any college or university 22 SE Biology , Vol. 51, No. 1, January, 2004 represented in the Association. The committee shall consist of three members appointed for terms of 3 years, with a member appointed annually and serving as Chair in the third year. I. The Nominating Committee shall, with due consideration of suggestions received from the membership, prepare a multiple slate of nominees for each office to be filled. The committee shall consist of three members, one of whom is a recent past president who shall serve as the Chair. J. The Past Presidents’ Council, composed of the Past Presidents attending the Annual Meeting with the current Past President serving as Chair, shall review and discuss major issues under consideration by the Executive Committee and, where appropriate, shall share its consensus view with the Executive Committee on the resolution of these issues. K. The Patron Member and Exhibitor Committee shall communicate with patron members and exhibitors, provide Local Arrangements Committees with information and recommendations regarding potential exhibitors, and promote an increase in the number of patron memberships and Annual Meeting exhibitors. The committee shall consist of a Chair (3- year term) appointed by the President with option to reappoint to successive terms, Vice Chair (3-year term) elected by the Executive Committee from its membership at the end of the first year of the Chair's term, the ASB Vice President, and the Past Chair of the Local Arrangements Committee. L. The Place of Meeting Committee shall recommend to the Executive Committee the locations for each Annual Meeting and shall actively seek potential host institutions throughout the southeastern states. The committee shall consist of three members appointed for terms of 3 years, with a member appointed annually and serving as Chair in the third year. M. The Poster Awards Committee may each year select a recipient of the Association Poster Prizes for the meritorious presentation of original research by members at the Annual Meeting. The Committee shall consist of three members appointed for terms of 3 years, with a member appointed annually and serving as Chair in the third year. N. The Publications Committee shall provide oversight of the Association's publications, consider requests for special publication activities, and recommend any alteration of publication policy to the Executive Committee for approval and subsequent approval by the membership. The committee shall consist of three of the Members-at-Large of the Executive Committee and the Editor (ex officio). O. The Resolutions Committee shall formulate and, with approval of the Executive Committee, present to the membership such resolutions as may be considered worthy of action by the Association. The committee shall be served by the Past President as Chair and two additional members with terms of 1 year. ASB Constitution and Bylaws 23 Article VIII Section 1. Section 2. Section 3. Section 4. Article IX - Section 1 . Section 2. Section 3. P. The Senior Research Awards Committee may each year select a recipient of the Association Senior Research Prize for the meritorious presentation of original research by a member (student members excluded) at the Annual Meeting. The committee shall consist of three members appointed for terms of 3 years, with a member appointed annually and serving as Chair in the third year. Q. The Student Research Awards Committee may each year select the recipients of the Association Student Research Prizes for the meritorious presentation of original research by a student member at the Annual Meeting. The committee shall consist of three members appointed for terms of 3 years, with a member appointed annually and serving as Chair in the third year. - The Annual Meeting An Annual Meeting, hosted by colleges, universities, or scientific institutions throughout the Southeast, shall be convened in April for the purposes of conducting Association business; sharing scientific information through symposia, paper and poster sessions, and workshops; and strengthening social and professional ties among Southeastern biologists. All titles and abstracts of papers and posters submitted for the program shall be in the offices of the Local Arrangements Committee by the date set by the Editor and shall be presented according to the guidelines in the published Call for Papers. The maximal time period for the presentation of papers shall be established by the Local Arrangements Committee, and the Chairs of the paper sessions will enforce the established time period. Papers presented at the Annual Meeting shall be read by members or persons introduced by members. The Enrichment Fund The Association shall maintain an Enrichment Fund to support long- and short-range objectives to advance biological education through teaching and research. The specific objectives to be supported shall be designated by the Executive Committee and approved by the membership. The Enrichment Fund shall be under joint management of a Board composed of the Executive Committee and Finance Committee and guided by a Chair appointed by the President for a term of 3 years. This Board shall be responsible for the: prudent investment of all Endowment Funds of the Association and for planning and directing the recruitment of funds from the membership and external sources. The Chair shall report the current status of the Enrichment Fund to the Association at the Annual Meeting. The Board shall receive and administer bequests and other property from any source and shall have the authority to buy, sell, 24 SE Biology , Vol. 51, No. 1, January, 2004 Section 4. Section 5. Section 6. Section 7. exchange, lease, transfer, or otherwise dispose of any property, real or personal, with respect to the Enrichment Fund. Bequests and gifts without specific designation (General Fund) shall be designated by the Board for any established educational objective of the Association. Bequests and gifts received for specific purposes shall be either applied directly to the intended purpose (Restricted Funds) or placed in an Endowment with only the annual earnings applied to the intended purpose in accordance with the wishes of the donors. Endowments may be named in honor or memory of individuals or for the intended purpose and may be established for existing educational objectives or others approved by the Board. Income Allocation - The General Fund, Restricted Funds, and Endowments shall be allocated income at the end of the fiscal year based on the average balance of each fund in the total amount of Enrichment Funds invested for that year. Investment Policy - In order to protect the contributions to the Enrichment Fund for their intended objectives, the Board shall strive to invest funds only in conservative investment vehicles offering the highest interest rates or earnings at the time of purchase. Since changes in the economy and other factors greatly affect interest rates and earnings, funds shall be invested up to a period of 5 years unless otherwise approved by the Board. An audit of the Enrichment Fund shall be made at the close of each fiscal year by the Auditing Committee. The committee's report shall be presented to the Association at each Annual Meeting. Article X - Amendments Section 1. These bylaws may be amended at any Annual Meeting of the Association by a two-thirds majority vote of those present. Section 2. Amendments to these bylaws shall take effect at the close of the meeting at which they were adopted. Amendments to the ASB Constitution and Bylaws The Executive Committee of ASB has voted to present the following changes to the ASB Constitution and Bylaws to the membership for approval. These changes eliminate the Auditing Committee, any reference to said committee, and all necessary subsequent numeration alphabetical changes required. The Auditing Committee has been dormant for many years except for having an annual external audit performed with the permission of the Executive Committee. These changes require an external audit that will be presented to and signed by the president at each annual meeting. Deletions are marked with strikethrough and additions are in bold. ASB Constitution and Bylaws 25 Amendment to the ASB Constitution Article VIII - Audit Section 1. The fiscal year for the Association is January 1 through December 31. Section 2. The financial records of the T reasurer and of the Board of T rustees of the Enrichment Fund shall be audited at least once each year by the Auditing Committee an external auditor and which audit will then be approved and signed by the president at the annual meeting in April. Amendments to the ASB Bylaws Article III - Duties of Officers Section 1. The President shall be the executive officer of the Association, shall perform the duties usual to the office, and shall appoint, with the advice of the Executive Committee, regular committees, special committees authorized by the Executive Committee, and where appropriate, Association Representatives to other organizations. The President shall notify Emeritus members of their election. The President shall approve and sign the external audit at the annual meeting. Article VII - Standing Committees Section 1 . The following standing committees shall serve the Association: A. -Auditing-Committee* *and adjust subsequent alphabetical listing accordingly. Section 2. Committee members, except for those who serve ex officio, shall be appointed by the President upon the approval of the Executive Committee. The composition and duties of the standing committees shall be as follows: A. The Auditing Committee shall examine the records of the Treasurer -prior to--the- Annual Meeting of -the Associatien-and shall report the condition of the accounts to the membership at the business session of this meeting. In accordance with Article VIII, Section 7., the committee shall audit the accounts of the Enrichment — Fund-. — The — committee — shall — consist — of three members appointed for terms of- 3 years, with a member appointed annually and serving as Chair in the third yean* *and adjust subsequent alphabetical listing accordingly. Article IX - The Enrichment Fund Section 7. An audit of the Enrichment Fund shall be made at the close of each fiscal year by the Auditing Committee an external auditor and which audit will then be approved and signed by the president at the annual meeting in April. The committee's report shall be presented to-the Association at each Annual Meeting. 26 SE Biology , Vol. 51, No. 1, January, 2004 Students collecting specimens during canoe trip, Rhodes College. Students engaged in research at Rhodes College. Students engaged in research at Rhodes College. SE Naturalist 27 The Southeastern Naturalist . . . ♦ A quarterly peer-reviewed and edited interdisciplinary scientific journal with a regional focus on the southeastern United States (ISSN #1528-7092). Southeastern Naturalist Volume 2 2003 Number 3 ♦ Featuring research articles, notes, and research summaries on terrestrial, fresh-water, and marine organisms, and their habitats. ♦ Focusing on field ecology, biology, behavior, biogeog¬ raphy, taxonomy, evolution, anatomy, physiology, geology, and related fields. Manuscripts on genetics, molecular biology, archaeology, anthropology, etc., are welcome, especially if they provide natural history insights that are of interest to field scientists. Symposium pro¬ ceedings are occasionally published. ♦ Indexed in Biological Abstracts (BIOSIS), BIOSIS Previews, CAB Abstracts, Cambridge Scientific Abstracts, EBSCO- host, Environmental Knowledge-base (formerly Environmental Periodicals Bibliography), FISFHLIT (Fish and Fisheries Worldwide; Aquatic Biology, Aquaculture, and Fisheries Resources), Wildlife Review Abstracts, and Zoological Record (BIOSIS UK). Arrangements for indexing in Elsevier BIOBASE (Current Awareness in Biological Sciences), and ISI Services (Science Citation Index- Expanded, ISI Alerting Service, and Current Contents/Agriculture, Biology, and Environmental Sciences) are pending. ♦ A sister journal of the Northeastern Naturalist (ISSN #1092-6194), published since 1997. Both journals are identical in focus, format, quality, and features. The journals together serve as a matched-pair of regional journals that provide an integrated publishing and research resource for the eastern part of North America. ♦ Printed by Allen Press, printer of many journals in the biological and environmental sciences, especially those whose parent organization is a member of the American Institute of Biological Sciences (AIBS). ♦ Available online in full-text version in the BioOne database (www.bioone.org, a collaborative effort of Allen Press, AIBS, and other organizations) and the Proquest Information and Learning databases (www.il.proquest.com). 28 SE Biology, Vol. 51, No. 1, January, 2004 Southeastern Naturalist Volume 2 2003 Number 3 CONTENTS Effects of Weather on Autumn Hawk Movements at Fort Morgan, Alabama 317 Stefan Woltmann and David Cimprich The Distribution of Swamp Rabbits in Southeast Missouri 327 John S. Scheibe and Rebecca Henson Composition and Aboveground Productivity of Three wSeasonally Flooded 335 Depressional Forested Wetlands in Coastal South Carolina W. Steven Busbee. William H. Conner, Dennis M. Allen, and J. Drew Lanham The Vascular Flora of Gus Engeling Wildlife Management Area, Anderson 347 County, Texas Jason R. Singhurst, James C. Cathy, Dale Prochaska, Hayden Haucke, Glenn C. Kroh, and Walter C. Holmes Urban Habitat: A Determinant of White-footed Mouse ( Peromyscus leucopus ) 369 Abundance in Southern Illinois Valerie A. Barko, George A. Feldhamer, Matthew C. Nicholson, and D. Kevin Davie Night Roost Selection During Winter by Ruffed Grouse in the Central 377 Appalachians Darroch M. Whitaker, and Dean F. Stauffer Survey and Monitoring of the Eastern Indigo Snake in Georgia 393 Dirk J. Stevenson, Karen J. Dyer, and Beth A. Willis-Stevenson A New Species of Meridion (Bacillariophyceae) from Western North Carolina 409 Lynn A. Brant An Observation of Singing by a Female-plumaged Canada W arbler 419 Matthew A. Etterson Predation of Caterpillars on Understory Saplings in an Ozark Forest 423 Janene Shupe Lichtenberg and Dennis A. Lichtenberg Spatial Characteristics of an Isolated Florida Black Bear Population 433 David S. Maehr, Judith S. Smith. Mark W. Cunningham. Mary E. Barnwell, Jeffery L. Larkin, and Michael A. Orlando An Index of Biotic Integrity for Fish Assemblages in Ozark Highland Streams 447 of Arkansas Daniel C. Dauwalter, Edmund J. Pert and William E. Keith Book Reviews 469 Publication Date: September 30, 2003 Printed an Recycled Paper Student Research 29 Brain Awareness Week at Christian Brothers University. Students collecting fossils at Coon Creek, Christian Brothers University. 30 SE Biology , Vol. 51, No. 1, January, 2004 All Taxa Biodiversity Inventory (ATBI) Gatlinburg, Tennessee More information about the ATBI and Discover Life in America (DLIA) may be obtained from the Administrative Officer, Jeanie Hilten, by e-mail at jeanie@discoverlife.org. The website is: http://www.discoverlife.org, and the mailing address is: 1314 Cherokee Orchard Road, Gatlinburg, TN 37738. The following three articles were reprinted with permission from the Vol. 4, No. 2, 2003 Spring issue of the ATBI Quarterly, Ruthanne Mitchell,. Editor. rb * “Sub-visible” Biodiversity in Great Smoky Mountains National Park Sean O’Connell Department of Biology Western Carolina University Cullowhee, North Carolina The year 2002 was successful for the Microbe Hunters from Western Carolina University. Three undergraduates and a graduate student along with 65 students enrolled in my General Ecology and Methods of General Microbiology classes helped me begin investigating Bacteria and Archaea in Great Smoky Mountains National Park. We have explored nine locations including forested ecosystems, stream waters, and a cave. Thus far we have described 28 bacterial species and seven archaeal species-all of which are new to the Park and many of which will prove to be new to science. In addition, about 200 more bacterial isolates will soon be identified. Kristina Reid, an undergraduate, has led much of our bacterial work. Bacteria are the dominant prokaryotes in most ecosystems ( Archaea usually account for 1-10% of the prokaryotic community), are easier to cultivate in the lab, and have been better described than Archaea. We plan to establish a baseline for Bacteria in the Park that includes biogeography, seasonality, and temporal parameters that control which species might be found at one time or location. Too few studies in microbial ecology examine sites over extended time and space; we hope to change this shortcoming. To date, Kristina has gathered evidence from cultivated microorganisms suggesting that bacterial communities differ between an old growth forest (Albright Grove), a secondary growth forest affected by Chestnut Blight (Cataloochee), and a secondary growth forest that was logged (Purchase Knob). Soil chemistry, tree species distribution, and other factors support our findings. We plan to investigate archaeal communities and make other measurements soon from these locations. ATBI Research Reports 31 Thirty-two microbiology students working with soil and water samples from in and around Deep Creek and Kephart Prong each cultivated and isolated a bacterial species last fall. In a very short time, all of these students became amateur molecular biologists and generated DNA sequences that helped them to identify the species they had nurtured. Since prokaryotes are not identifiable using morphological features (at the cellular or colony level), modern techniques like DNA sequence analysis has been used to revolutionize our understanding of prokaryotic diversity. We have learned that we know of less than 1% of all microbial species in natural environments, but have also learned of an entirely novel group of organisms, the Archaea. Two ongoing projects include bacteria from very different environments, a stream system and a cave. In the former, a graduate student, Henry Angelopulos, has been examining the assemblages of Beech Flats Prong upstream and downstream from Route 441, which is supported by roadfill material from the Anakeesta Formation. This stream has been shown to be impacted by mineral leachate from the roadfill that is produced by the microbial metabolic byproducts of iron sulfide oxidation. Unfortunately for aquatic life such as plants, insects, and fish, these byproducts include acid and toxic metals. Henry has found this leachate to also be a detriment to bacterial communities; however, they recover further downstream. Future applications of his work include using microbial communities as monitoring agents in environmentally compromised locations. The other interesting location is Gregorys Cave, near the entrance to Cades Cove. Kristina has been joined by another undergraduate, Kim Lowery, to investigate the bacterial populations in sediment and water from different locations in the cave. We are discovering that bacterial distributions in the cave differ by location (near entrance versus back of cave; sediment versus water) and that microorganisms that colonize meat placed in the cave differ based on location. Kim’s senior thesis project will unravel that latter story this spring. The last news from the prokaryote front is the most fascinating, that of the discovery of unique archaeal species in GSMNP. We have known about Archaea for a very short time - perhaps 25 years - yet they are as different from Bacteria as either Bacteria or Archaea are from the eukaryotes (which amazingly can be “lumped” into one supergroup that includes plants, animals, fungi, protists, and most algae!). DNA techniques determined that Archaea comprise the third Domain of life and subsequent work has proven that these single-celled organisms are unique. Archaea are thought of as extremophiles - organisms “loving” harsh conditions such as temperature or pH extremes, high salt concentrations, and places without oxygen. Thanks to much hard work by Gina Parise, an undergraduate, we have discovered Archaea in an environment that no one else has thought to look before — winter soils in a high elevation forest. Her work has yielded seven unknown species. We are doing further work to describe these species and hope to be the first researchers in the world to get one of these never-before-cultivated organisms to grow. This new year leads off with much excitement and promise for the Microbe Hunters; we are glad to be a part of the ATBI and plan on participating in multi-taxa work in the near future. 32 SE Biology , Vol. 51, No. 1, January, 2004 The Scorpion and Pseudoscorpions of the Smokies Edward E. C. Clebsch University of Tennessee, Knoxville and James Cokendolpher Museum of Texas Tech University Lubbock, Texas The arachnids consist of a dozen taxonomic groupings, or orders; two with many species worldwide (the mites and ticks with about 48,000 and the spiders with about 37,000), and ten others in which the number of species ranges from 20 to about 6,000. Worldwide, the scorpions number 1,279 species and the pseudoscorpions 3,239. To date, one scorpion arid about 14 pseudoscorpion species are known from the Smokies. How are these animals similar and different? The similarities, beyond those shared by all arachnids, lie in the segmented bodies, four pairs of legs, very large pincers (pedipalps), chewing mouthparts (chelicerae), simple eyes, and production of venom. They are orders of magnitude different in size! A giant pseudoscorpion might be 1 cm long, whereas our one scorpion is about 5 cm long, complete with segmented tail and stinger (both of which the pseudoscorpions lack). The venom delivery system is very different, being in the stinger at the end of the segmented tail in the scorpion, but at the end of one or both fingers of the pincers in most pseudoscorpions. Obviously, the prey items differ in size and other characteristics for the two groups of organisms. Pseudoscorpions use their venom to narcotize prey (springtails, mites, and any other small, softbodied creatures), after which they hold it in their pedipalps, and puncture and inject enzyme-laden saliva into it. A powerful sucking stomach ingests the liquefied body contents of their prey. Where do scorpions and pseudoscorpions live? Our scorpion species seems to prefer the litter and rotting logs of warmer, drier habitats in the Smokies--south to west facing slopes at low to mid-elevations. Pseudoscorpions are most abundant in litter, numbering up to 500 per square meter in some localities. They occur at all elevations in the Smokies, from grasslands in Cades Cove to spruce- fir forests on Clingmans Dome. How do you capture these animals? For scorpions--by the tail. Quickly and carefully! When disturbed, they usually assume a defensive posture, with their tails curled up and the stinger at the ready. A quick grab with thumb and forefinger on either side of the tail and stinger and-vo/'/a! Now what???? Drop it to release it, or collect it with forceps or a stick and vial. To find pseudoscorpions, place leaf litter, rotting wood, or loose bark into a pan that has the bottom replaced with 1/4 to 1/2 inch mesh hardware cloth. Small organisms can then be sifted into a nested pan or onto a light colored surface. Pseudoscorpions typically assume a defensive posture and probably won't start their regal crawl for 10-15 minutes. Under a strong hand lens or dissecting microscope you can see that their bodies are studded with many long and delicate hairs that are sensitive to touch, even from the slightest air movement. Be patient. One might scuttle away, ATBI Research Reports 33 crawfish-style, or defensively snap its appendages so tight against its body that it resembles a speck of dirt or leaf. The search for pseudoscorpions in the Smokies is just beginning, and we’re confident that this group will mirror others in the ATBI--many new park records and even species new to science. Join the hunt! Note: To conduct research in the Park, a collecting permit is required. Refer to the online application at http://science.nature.nps.gov/research for your scientific collecting permit. A pseudoscorpion, Parachernes virginica © James Cokendolpher The scorpion, Vaejovis carolinianus © James Cokendolpher 34 SE Biology, Vol. 51, No. 1, January, 2004 Can a Small Lady Beetle Save the Majestic Hemlock? Paris L. Lambdin and Jerome Grant Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology University of Tennessee, Knoxville Eastern hemlock is an important component of the forest types in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park providing not only a variety of unique habitats, but contributing to the beauty and aesthetics of the region. Unfortunately, eastern hemlocks within the Park are now threatened by the hemlock woolly adelgid, Adelges tsugae , an invasive exotic pest accidentally introduced from China. This adelgid has spread rapidly throughout the eastern United States over the past two decades greatly impacting eastern hemlocks in at least 12 states from southern New England to Tennessee. As a result, this pest has damaged up to 80% of the hemlock stands in infested areas. The prolific females protect their eggs in a distinctive cottony ovisac and have two generations per year. Feeding damage by sap extraction results in needles becoming chlorotic and dropping prematurely, limb die-back, and eventually death of the tree. The loss of this native tree would have devastating aesthetic, economic, and environmental ramifications to the region. Because no native natural enemies of the hemlock woolly adelgid are known in our forests, mass releases and establishment of an exotic lady beetle, Pseudoscymnus tsugae, may provide the answer for regulating populations of this pest. This lady beetle greatly impacts the hemlock woolly adelgid in its native country; thus, researchers suggest that releasing these natural enemies onto infested trees in the Park before pest numbers increase to damaging levels may be an effective control strategy. Because these lady beetles feed specifically on this adelgid, they do not pose a danger to any native species within the region. Also, another exotic beetle, Laricobius nigrinus, that feeds only on the adelgid is currently being evaluated by researchers at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University for future releases against this pest. The Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Discover Life in America (DLIA), U.S. Forest Service, and the University of Tennessee initiated research projects in 2002 to assess the survivability of released lady beetles, their ability to control populations of the adelgid, and the diversity of insect species associated with eastern hemlock in non-infested areas. Mass releases of Pseudoscymnus tsugae were made on infested trees at ten sites in 2002 and seven sites in 2003 by the National Park Service and U.S. Forest Service. A survey for this lady beetle was initiated in the fall of 2002 to assess its establishment. The trees onto which the releases were made as well as trees in each of the four cardinal directions were evaluated monthly using beat sheets to recover the beetles. We found adult beetles on the release tree at four of the ten release sites in 2002. While promising, more long-term evaluations will be necessary. Base-line data on insect diversity at four sites within eastern hemlock- dominated habitats will allow future researchers to evaluate the impact of this exotic adelgid on the native insect fauna. We currently have identified 267 species representing 71 families in nine insect orders, and expect over 350 ATBI Research Reports 35 insect species to be associated with eastern hemlock. The insect species documented range from those that depend upon hemlock as a primary feeding source to those that are transients in the area. Various feeding guilds, including scavengers, foliage feeders, predators, and parasitoids, are represented. In addition to the commonly observed species such as the hemlock looper, Lambdina fiscellaria fiscellaria, and the hemlock scale, Abgrallaspis ithacae, several uncommon species were observed. For example, a predator, Sphaeroderus stenostomus , that feeds on snails on the cool moist forest floor underneath hemlocks, a lady beetle, Psyllobora vigintimaculata, that feeds on mold that aggregates on hemlock branches, and the rarely observed beetle, Necrophilus pettiti, found in decaying organic matter represent the diversity of insect species associated with eastern hemlock. Can this small lady beetle save the majestic hemlock? It is certainly too early to tell if these releases will be effective because biological control agents generally require several years before reductions in pest populations become noticeable. Unfortunately, over 50 new infestations of hemlock woolly adelgid have recently been discovered prompting additional releases of the lady beetles by the U.S. Forest Service and National Park Service to control this pest. Other biological control agents of the hemlock woolly adelgid currently under investigation may also offer promise for the successful suppression of this pest in the future. Given the limited alternative management strategies currently available, the lives of many eastern hemlocks and the health of our forests depend to a large degree on a small, introduced lady beetle. Who knows, maybe future generations will be able to continue to enjoy this magnificent tree. We wish to thank DLIA, the National Park Service, and the U.S. Forest Service for their support and assistance in these projects. This research could not have been successfully conducted without the technical assistance and support of Dave Paulsen and Lee Buck (Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Tennessee), (plambdin@utk.edu, jqrant@utk.edu) Pseudoscymnus tsugae feeding on hemlock woolly adelgids on branches of eastern hemlock. 36 SE Biology , Vol. 51, No. 1, January, 2004 Beating branches: Dave Paulsen and Lee Buck observing insects collected on beat sheets. Park Forester (NPS) Kris Johnson releasing the lady beetles on hemlock woolly adelgid infested trees. ATBI Research Reports 37 The following three articles were reprinted with permission from the Vol. 4, No. 3, 2003 Summer issue of the ATBI Quarterly, Ruthanne Mitchell, Editor. Happy as a Clam, Sluggishness, and other Molluscan Metaphors G. Thomas Watters Ohio State University, Columbus The Great Smoky Mountains is recognized as having among the highest diversity of mollusks in North America, particularly land snails and slugs. Many of these occur no where else in the world. Nearly 130 species have been recorded from the Park and the list grows longer each year. Beginning in 2000 malacologists (mollusk-folk) from the Ohio State University Museum of Biological Diversity (OSUM) have participated in the Great Smokies ATBI. Whereas some Smokies snails and slugs are large and conspicuous, the great majority are minute and secretive. Many snails are under 5 mm in length as adults - some under 2 mm. These Lilliputians live in leaf litter, under logs, or attached to grass stems. Finding them requires considerable time and effort. Snails just don’t respond to black light traps, mist nets, electroshocking, or any of the other “easy” capture methods used by other biologists. To sample mollusks, typically gallon-size zip lock bags are filled with leaf litter, taken back to the lab, air-dried, and laboriously sorted under a stereo microscope for snails. Slugs must be identified in the field - preserved specimens are very difficult to identify. Mollusks are where you find them and many are rather habitat specific. In the Smokies many species occur at particular altitudes. For instance one species of large land snail so common at the lower elevations is replaced by a similar but different species on Clingman’s Dome. Other species only occur in open fields, or along creeks, or even in trees. Mollusks build their shells from calcium, which is at a premium in the Park, particularly at the higher elevations. In fact some high altitude species have very thin, calcium-poor shells and others have forgone shells altogether - slugs. Not surprisingly the Smokies is also home to an endemic semi-slug, a snail with a shell that is too small to accommodate it. This appears to be evolution in action, as this snail gradually loses its shell over time. Thus the Smokies supports a great diversity of snails because of the great diversity of habitats. From mountain tops to river valleys, from fields to virgin timber, there are native mollusks in abundance. Conversely, very few exotic or introduced species have been found, testimony to the relatively undisturbed nature of the Smokies. In most of “suburbanized” America introduced species may constitute 75% or more of the molluscan fauna. In the Smokies the aquatic habitat is not as hospitable as the land environment for mollusks. Most streams are cold and flashy; few support any mollusks. Once these streams leave the mountains for the flatter surrounding areas, some freshwater snails and mussels may become abundant. In fact there 38 SE Biology, Vol. 51, No. 1, January, 2004 appears to be an undescribed mussel in the New River but its range within the Park has not been established. While finding mollusks in the Smokies may be relatively easy, identifying them can be a challenge. Most of the relevant guides are out-of-print and may be very expensive. To this end OSUM received a grant from Discover Life in America to help develop an online, interactive key to the mollusks of the Park. The key was written using Lucid, a powerful program that enabled us to not only create a user-friendly key, but also attach text, images, and maps to the species and characteristics. Users download a free Lucid Player that enables them to access the online key. This key is perhaps the first of its kind for identifying such a large group of mollusks. The key and Player may be downloaded from the Museum website at: http://www.biosci.ohio-state.edu/~molluscs/OSUM2. Mesodon chilhoweensis, endemic to the Smokies, it is the largest land snail found east of the Rockies. Mesodon perigraptus, a common snail in the lowlands, often found climbing trees. ATBI Research Reports 39 The carnivorous snail Haplotrema concavum devouring another snail, Mesodon clarki. Collectors Trisha Menker and the author. (All photos by the author.) fb*> °4> 40 SE Biology, Vol. 51, No. 1, January, 2004 Volunteers Come Out in Force to Help with Fern Forays Patricia B. Cox University of Tennessee, Knoxville This is the third summer that volunteers have helped to do trail surveys for ferns. We had a record number of twenty-five volunteers on 31 May 2003, and nineteen mapped ferns on 12 June 2003. Without volunteer help, this project would not be as successful as it is. As of the last foray, we have mapped portions of 31 trails (approximately 100 miles) in all areas of the park. In addition to the work accomplished during the fern forays, several school and intern groups have also been involved with this project by mapping additional trails What do we do on these forays? First, the volunteers are divided into groups of 5-7 and each person given a “duty.” Next, the group is given a trail to map and at the start of the trailhead (plot 1) they will measure off a 15-meter circular plot, take a GPS reading and begin recording information at this site. The information recorded includes what fern species are present, numbers of each species, and what tree species are in the canopy. After the initial data is recorded, the trail is then used as a transect and volunteers measure off 200 meters, set up the next 15-meter circular plot, and begin recording data. Information concerning the ferns between the plots is also recorded on the data sheets. This continues until either the whole trail is mapped, or a time limit is reached. We have determined that Christmas Fern ( Polystichum acrosticoides) is probably the most abundant fern found in the park, followed closely by New York Fern ( Thelypteris novaboracensis ). A few of the less common ferns that we have encountered are Interrupted Fern (Osmunda claytonia), Filmy fern ( Trichomanes petersii), and Maidenhair spleenwort ( Asplenium trichomanes). This summer we are fortunate this summer to have three interns, Christine Scheele, Donelle Robinson and Stephanie Osborn, helping to get all the data from the fern forays organized with the goal of producing fern species web pages on the DMA website. I would also like to recognize my graduate student volunteers who help with identification and leadership. These are Dr. Edgar Lickey, Keith Bowman, Joey Shaw, Kunsiri Chaw Siripun (Pum), John Beck, and Chris Fleming from The University of Tennessee, and Dr. Kerry Fleafner, Mike Barker and Jessica Budke from Miami University of Ohio. All of the volunteers make my work so much easier. Thank you all. A Fall Fern Foray is planned for September 13th at Abrams Creek Campground. The areas and trails that have been mapped are as follows: 1. Metcalf Bottoms/Townsend “Y” Curry Mountain Trail Metcalf Bottom Trail Meig’s Creek Trail School House Gap Trail Turkey Pen Ridge Trail West Prong Trail* (St. Mary’s School) Finely Cane Trail * (St. Mary’s School) ATBI Research Reports 41 2. Elkmont Jakes Creek Trail Cucumber Gap Trail Little River Trail above Elkmont Husky Gap Trail 3. Newfound Gap Sweat-heifer Trail Kephart Prong Trail Road Prong Trail Thomas Divide to Kanati Fork Trail 4. Clingman’s Dome (Upper bound Students) Sugarland Mt. Trail from Fork ridge trail Forney Ridge trail to Andrew’s bald Fork Ridge Trail Noland Divide Trail from Clingman’s Dome Rd. 5. Big Creek Big Creek Trail to Walnut bottoms Chestnut branch trail Baxter Creek Trail 6. Twin Creeks Rainbow Falls Trail Baskin Creek Trail Grassy Branch Trail to the Two-mile Trail 7. Smokemont Smokemont Loop Trail 8. Greenbriar Grapeyard Ridge Trail Ramsey Cascade Trail Porter’s Creek Trail Rhododendron Creek Man way 9. Deep Creek Deep Creek Trail Indian Creek Trail Loop Trail 10. Purchase Knob-(to be mapped on 12 July 2003) Cataloochee Divide McKee Branch 42 SE Biology, Vol. 51, No. 1, January, 2004 “Fern Frondlers” in the Greenbrier area. Photo by Jeanie Hilten Volunteers worked in the Deep Creek area. Photo by Pat Cox Pat Cox (left) with Jerry and Carol Middleton recording data. ATBI Research Reports 43 Twenty-four volunteers at Purchase Knob. Photo by Paul Super Hunting for Hellbenders Amber Pitt University of Florida Cryptobranchus alleganiensis alleganiensis, commonly known as the hellbender, is a giant salamander native to the eastern United States. The species occupies a range from southwestern New York to northern Alabama and as far west as Missouri. It is a permanently aquatic amphibian that can grow to 2 y2 feet in length and has a lifespan of about 30 years in the wild and 55 years in captivity. Hailed by some as one of the most unattractive creatures that exists, the hellbender has a dorsoventrally flattened head and body, and a laterally flattened, rudder-like tail. This body shape enables it to be very hydrodynamic with the ability to sit motionless at the stream bottom or maneuver through the water easily. As larvae, hellbenders have four pairs of external gills that disappear as they mature, leaving only one pair of gill slits on the adult form. Instead of relying on gills, respiration is almost entirely through the skin and is facilitated by a series of fleshy folds along the animal’s lateral lines. The hellbender boasts small eyes, short thick legs, and five toes per foot. It is generally extremely slimy, a defense mechanism, that can make it difficult to handle and unsavory to predators. These physical characteristics have led some people to believe that hellbenders are dangerous or venomous, though they are neither. Many senseless hellbender deaths have occurred as a result of this assumption. Hellbenders are often caught by anglers using live bait since the adult hellbender’s diet consists mainly of crayfish, but can include small fish, snails, and worms. 44 SE Biology, Vol. 51, No. 1, January, 2004 Hellbenders require rivers and streams with clean, cool, highly oxygenated water and large rocks and riffles. Their populations are highly affected by declines in water quality, and thus they are an excellent indicator species of stream health. Population censuses from the past two years have shown that a low population of hellbenders exists in the Little River. This population, however, is very unique in that a high ratio of larvae to adults was found, indicating that it is a healthy breeding population and stable within the constraints of the habitat. This aspect of the population is extremely important since very little is known about the life history of the larval hellbender and very few larvae have been found outside of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park. As the hellbender is a species of special concern and is threatened or endangered throughout some parts of its range, it is very important to know all that we can about this species. That is why this summer, as a student of Dr. Max Nickerson of the University of Florida and with the help of DLIA volunteer Donnelle Robinson, I am spending my time searching for larval hellbenders. Upon capture, I measure, weigh, and mark them by giving them a non-toxic ‘tattoo’ with acrylic paint. I record data on the habitat in which they are found, and I also non-lethally examine their stomach contents. This information will be used to determine the specific living requirements of the larval hellbenders in order to see how they differ from the adults. This more complete hellbender natural history will make it possible to better protect this species of special concern. Cryptobranchus adult. Photograph by K. Krysko. ATBI Research Reports Cryptobranchus larva. Photograph by K. Krysko. Students collecting samples at the Gulf Research Laboratory, Christian Brothers University. 46 SE Biology , Vol. 51, No. 1, January, 2004 NEWS OF BIOLOGY IN THE SOUTHEAST* Jon R. Fortman-A/ews Editor Division of Science and Math Mississippi University for Women Columbus, MS 39701 ABOUT PEOPLE AND PLACES ALABAMA Alabama State University, Biological Science Department. The University recently received a $4.2 million research infrastructure grant from the National Center for Minority Health and Health Disparities (a branch of NIH). Dr. Kennedy Wekesa and Dr. Audrey Napier are coauthors on the proposal. Dr. Wekesa will serve as program director and Dr. Napier will serve as the co-director. The major focus is to enhance research and training capabilities of Alabama State University by improving the research infrastructure. In addition, there are four research sub projects associated with this grant award. The four sub project investigators are Dr. Wekesa, Dr. Napier, Dr. Douglas Strout, and Dr. Shree Singh, all assistant professors at ASU. FLORIDA Florida State University, Department of Biological Sciences. Dr. Felicia Coleman has sent an announcement for the November 9-11, 2004 Fifth FSU Fisheries Symposium: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly: Integrating Marine and Human Ecology in Fisheries Management. The Symposium will be held in Sarasota, Florida. For more information, contact Felicia Coleman at coleman@bio.fsu.edu. Also, see the web site: http://www.bio.fsu.edu/mote/ current.html. GEORGIA Columbus State University, Department of Biology. New faculties are: John Barone, a plant ecologist, received his Ph.D. at the University of Utah. He joined the faculty in the Fall of 2003 as an assistant professor. Dr. John Davis, a microbial ecologist, joined the faculty in the Fall of 2002 as an assistant professor. He received his Ph.D. from Indiana University in Bloomington. Dr. LuAnne Lucas, pharmacology, also joined the faculty in the Fall of 2002 as an assistant professor. She received her Ph.D. at East Carolina University. Bill Birkhead, Professor of Biology with 25 years of service to CSU has been appointed acting department chair. Dr. Julie Ballenger, Associate Professor of Biology with 8 years of service has been appointed assistant department chair and assistant director of the Center for International Education. She was named the 2003 “Educator of the Year.” Dr. George Stanton, Professor of Biology with 34 years of service has concluded 21 years as department chair and has been named acting Dean of the College of Science. News of Biology in the Southeast 47 ABOUT MUSEUMS AND BOTANICAL GARDENS ALABAMA Anniston Museum of Natural History. On November 22, 2003, Lady Von Nuthatch shared fascinating facts about birds from around the world during a special presentation. Deadlines for the submission of “news.” January issue: October 28. September issue: July 13. April issue: January 13. December issue will not contain “news.” *Henceforth, please send “news” to the newly appointed News Editor, Leon Jernigan. His address, telephone number, and e-mail address appear on the inside front cover of this issue. Amphitheatre at Rhodes College. 48 SE Biology, Vol. 51, No. 1, January, 2004 Student engaged in genetics research on boll weevil, University of Memphis. Student Research 49 Undergraduate students working on research at Rhodes College Undergraduate student working on research at Rhodes College. 50 SE Biology , Vol. 51, No. 1, January, 2004 Undergraduate students working on research at Rhodes College. ASB Patron Member 51 ASB Welcomes New Patron Member Thomson Learning-Brooks/Cole! On behalf of the entire ASB membership, the ASB Executive Committee would like to welcome our newest Patron Member Thomson-Learning Brooks/Cole. Thomson Learning-Brooks/Cole joined ASB this past April at the Washington, D.C. meeting while displaying their textbooks as an exhibitor. Since joining, Thomson Learning-Brooks/Cole has become very active and a very important part of ASB. For example, starting at the Memphis meeting in 2004, they will be the sole sponsor of what was once called the “ASB Student Research Award in Aquatic Biology” (some may remember this award by its even older name, “The Wildco Student Research Award in Aquatic Biology”). The award will now be called the “Brooks/Cole Student Research Award in Aquatic Biology” and Thomson Learning-Brooks/Cole will provide the $200.00 cash prize for the award. And that’s not all! Also starting with the 2004 meeting, Thomson Learning-Brooks/Cole will be providing honorable mention book prizes for up to three student papers participating in the ASB Student Research Award sponsored by Martin Microscope Company. Each honorable mention will be for $200 worth of books at retail value. As the award’s sponsor, Patron Member Martin Microscope Company generously agreed to raise the cash value of this award to $1,000.00 and also make available these honorable mention awards for Thomson Learning-Brooks/Cole. In addition to awards, Thomson Learning-Brooks/Cole will also sponsor a symposium entitled “Microbiology Practitioners and Educators” at the Memphis meeting. Their intention is to unite information from educators and practitioners in current topic areas like bioterrorism, AIDS, Ebola and other diseases, etc. They will be flying in representatives from the CDC, and prominent microbiologists from the University of California Davis, Penn State, and elsewhere. Finally, starting with the 2005 meeting in Florence, AL., Thomson Learning- Brooks/Cole will be sponsoring a new $500.00 cash award for outstanding research in the areas of Microbiology/Cell Biology/Genetics/Physiology. ASB is underrepresented in these disciplines and Thomson Learning-Brooks/Cole would like to help us increase our membership representation in these areas by sponsoring this award. We certainly welcome Thomson Learning-Brooks/Cole to ASB, but we would especially like to thank them for becoming such an active and supportive participant. Without our Patron Members, ASB could never achieve its stated purpose of promoting the advancement of biology as a science by encouraging research, the imparting of knowledge, the application of knowledge to the solution of biological problems, and the preservation of biological resources. Thanks Thomson Learning-Brooks/Cole and all of our ASB Patron Members! Other Patron Members: Associated Microscopes, Inc. Carolina Biological Supply Company Tim Atkinson Martin Microscope Company Breedlove, Dennis & Associates, Inc. SE Biology, Vol. 51, No. 1, January, 2004 Starr /Taggert Biology: Unity and Diversity of Life, 10/e A classic with a new unifying "connection" theme (red banded pages are the Connections Essays). Split editions are avail¬ able now! Ask to see the new demo CD-ROM. Ingraham / Ingraham Introduction to Microbiology, 3/e More case histories than ever before from a great father/daughter team with new coverage of re-emerging dis¬ eases. Sherwood Human Physiology, 5/e Great new technology (PhysioEdge CD) free for stu¬ dents & instructors as well as a great revised art program. A detailed description of PhysioEdge can be found at http://newtexts.com. Cummings Human Heredity, 6/e This edition has current cover¬ age of Genomics & Biotechnology, Web-integrated genetics concepts "toolboxes," superior art and a simplified presentation with high level material now in boxes. Miller Living in the Environment, 13/e A free student CD-ROM accom¬ panies each book and chapler- by-chapter changes to this edition can be found in the preface of the text itself. Miller Sustaining the Earth, 6/e A free student CD-ROM accom¬ panies each book, which is the shortest and least expensive ver¬ sion of the Miller titles. Miller Ecology, 2/e A free student CD-ROM accom¬ panies each book, which is intended for the non-majors ecology course found in many different departments on campus. Postlethwait/Hopson Explore Life A soon to be classic with case studies, an inquiry' approach and great interwoven media. Visit our Explore Life Chapter 6 brainshark to see how it works: http://www.brainshark.com/thomsonlearning/vu? pi=49525 Beneski/Waber Virtual Biology Lab Completely Web based and available to bundle with any Brooks/Coie product. Demo at www.brookscole.com/biology_d/vbl. type user name vbl2 & password phloem. I lomberger /Walker Vertebrate Dissection, 9/e With a revised/modern art pro¬ gram, new Ariatomy-in-Action boxes, and for the first time ever an instructors manual. This lab manual (or stand alone title) is perfect for your animal biology course. If you are a Liem, Functional Anatomy of Vertebrates user, you can bundle that title with I lomberger/ Walker at an incredible price. Ruppert/Fox/Barnes Invertebrate Zoology, 7/e This new edition has stand¬ alone conceptual chapters and new evolutionary trees (clado- grams). Standardized/uniform terminology has been used this time to minimize confusion and there is an added emphasis on adaptive morpholo¬ gy and physiology, while covering anatomical ground plans and basic developmental patterns. ASB Patron Member 53 Biotechnology — the future is now. Are you ready? Biotechnology has changed drastically in the 50 years since the discovery of the structure of DNA. 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Carolina Biological supply company CAROLINA 2700 York Rd • Burlington NC 27215 UtHUjJUIIIl 800.334.5551 • www.carolina.com WorU-CUs, Support for Sciemx & Math 54 SE Biology, Vol. 51, No. 1, January, 2004 KNOWLEDGE BREEDLOVE, Ji- ASSnriATFS EXPERIENCE Dedicated to Problem Solving and Value-Added Solutions Web Site: http://www.bda-inc.com/home.html Florida (USA) Office: BREEDLOVE, DENNIS & ASSOCIATES, INC. 330 W. Canton Ave. Winter Park, Florida 32789 Tel: 407 677-1882 Tel: 800 304-1882 Fax: 407 657-7008 Tennessee (USA) Office: BREEDLOVE, DENNIS, YOUNG & ASSOCIATES, (TN) INC. 133 Holiday Court Suite 207, Franklin, Tennessee 37067 Tel: 615 599-1996 Fax: 615 599-1998 Copyright: Breedlove, Dennis & Associates, Inc. 2000. ASB Patron Member in in C q, 0 Q. ■a o ^ o 0) Q. O 0 s- II ■O C Q) — c t o ^ >* >; 0 C m <3 II Q. 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O D- o -£ c ■t 0 D O CO h~- o CM "M" 00 CO O CM "t N LT 00 OXJ oc O) _i 1 CM "M eg ci (j 00 a 0 >> E > a> 5 < w n Li 0 LL LU O O 0 QJ O O c r ) o 11 I c LU 0 E 0 0 0 0 c £ o C/2 C/2 03 O o © © o bn c- a> c/5 O E c r 0 E £ £ 0 CL O O 0 o o c t 0 0 >4-1 '0 JQ 0 £ 0 x: ’0 > SE Biology, Vol. 51, No. 1, January, 2004 Visit the website of Associated Microscope: http://www.associatedmicroscope.com/ ASB MEMBERSHIP DUES STRUCTURE Please complete the information below, enclose check or money order payable to Association of Southeastern Biologists, and mail to Deborah Atkinson, Office of Continuing Education, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, CB# 8165, 400 Roberson Street, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-8165. The mailing label shows the year through which you are paid. For example, if the date is 2002, you need to pay for 2003 and 2004. If there is an error, please contact Deborah Atkinson, tel. (919) 843-6892, FAX (919) 966-5692, e-mail datkinso@sph.unc.edu. Thank you for your support. Name _ Address City _ State _ Country _ Zip code _ - _ Telephone ( _ ) _ FAX ( _ ) _ E-mail _ Regular — $25 _ Regular for 3 years -- $65 _ Family -- $30 _ Student — $10 _ Emeritus --$10 _ Contributing -- $50 _ Sustaining - $1 00 _ Life - $250 _ Patron -- $750 _ Library -- $30 _ Library for 3 years -- $85 _ ENRICHMENT FUND CONTRIBUTION _ TOTAL ENCLOSED $ _ Paid for 2003 _ ; 2004 _ ; 2005 _ . If you wish to subscribe to The Southeastern Naturalist, please see page 27 for subscription information. Southeastern biology. American Museum of Natural SOUTHEASTERN BIOLOGY VOLUME 51, NUMBER 1, January, 2004 http://www.asb.appstate.edu/ In This Issue 2004 Annual Meeting Information . 1 Portrayal of University of Memphis . 1 Portrayal of Christian Brothers University . 2 Portrayal of Rhodes College . 2 Description of Lodging Accommodations . 3 Registration Fees and Information . 4 T RANSPORTATION TO ANNUAL MEETING . 4 Thursday Evening Social . 5 FieldTrips . 6 Exhibitors/Sponsors Information . 7 Tentative Program . 7 Local Committee Assignments . 9 Affiliate Societies Meeting with ASB . 10 Meeting Symposia Announcements . 12 ASB Student Poster Awards for 2003 . 14 New Web, News, and Book Review Editors . 1 4 ASB Constitution and Bylaws plus Amendments . 15 The Southeastern Na turalist Journal . 27 All Taxa Biodiversity Inventory Articles . 30 News of Biology in the Southeast . 46 ASB Patron Members . 51 Patron Members Associated Microscopes, Inc., Elon College and Haw River, NC Tim Atkinson, Burlington, NC Breedlove, Dennis and Associates, Inc., Orlando, FL Carolina Biological Supply Company, Burlington, NC Martin Microscope Company, Easley, SC Thomson-Brooks/Cole, Belmont, CA